juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sesame Workshop

**Sesame Workshop** is a company established in 1968. It was called **Children's Television Workshop** (CTW) until 2000. The Workshop is an American non-profit organization for the research and production of educational children's programs.

The Workshop oversaw the production of _Sesame Street_, a television show for pre-school children from low-income families. Two years were spent, from 1966 to 1968, researching, developing, and raising money for the new show. It was called "one of the most important television developments of the decade".

_Sesame Street_ was designed in 1969.

Co-founder Joan Ganz Cooney said of the CTW model: "From the beginning, we—the planners of the project—designed the show as an experimental research project with educational advisers, researchers, and television producers collaborating as equal partners". She described the collaboration as an "arranged marriage".

On July 24, 2023, Cartoon Network Studios currently went defunct, and later became a replacement of the Workshop.

## Research

Cooney's proposal included using "in-house formative research". This would inform and improve production. Independent evaluations tested the show's impact on its young viewers' learning.

Gerald S. Lesser and Edward L. Palmer were hired to do research for the show. Lesser and Palmer were the only scientists in the U.S. studying children and television at the time.<sup>144</sup> They were responsible for developing a system of planning, production, and evaluation, and the interaction between television producers and educators, later called the "CTW model".

## Later

After _Sesame Street_s initial success, the CTW began to think about its survival. Their funding sources were organizations that tended to start projects, not sustain them. Government funding ended by 1981.

The CTW expanded into other areas, including the publications of books and music, international co-productions, interactive media and new technologies, licensing arrangements, and outreach programs to preschools. By 2005, income from the CTW's international co-productions of the show was $96 million. By 2008, the _Sesame Street_ Muppets accounted for $15–17 million per year in licensing and merchandising fees.

## Television shows

- Sesame Street International (1968-Present)
- The Electric Company (1971-2011)
- Hey Arnold! (1985-1996)
- Square One TV (1987-1996)
- Ghostwriter (1992-1996)
- Big Bag International (1996-1998)

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Sesame Workshop
- **formation**: 1968
- **type**: Non-profit organization, Non-profit
- **industry**: Children's education and entertainment
- **headquarters**: 1 Lincoln Plaza
- **location**: New York City, New York
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **leader title**: President and CEO
- **leader name**: Jeffrey D. Dunn
- **key people**: Joan Ganz Cooney (co-founder)
Lloyd Morrisett (co-founder)
- **former name**: Children's Television Workshop (1968–2000)
Justin Marie Bomboko

**Justin Marie Bomboko** (22 September 1915 – 10 April 2014) was a Congolese civil servant. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Congo. He became minister in 1960. He is often called "The Father of Independence" for the Congolese.

Bomboko died from a long illness in Brussels, Belgium, aged 98.
Edna Doré

**Edna Doré**, née **Gorring**, (31 May 1921 – 11 April 2014) was a British actress. Doré was known for her bit-part roles in situation comedies. She is mostly known for playing the character of Mo Butcher in the BBC soap opera _EastEnders_ (1988–1990). She was born in Bromley, Kent, England.

Doré died from emphysema at her Sussex, England home, aged 92.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Edna Doré
- **birth place**: Bromley, Kent, England
- **death place**: Sussex, England
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1960–2014
- **birth name**: Edna Lily Gorring
- **spouse**: (his death)
- **children**: Michael S. Dore
Vilmos Zsigmond

**Vilmos Zsigmond**, A.S.C. (June 16, 1930 – January 1, 2016) was a Hungarian-American cinematographer. He was known for his work in _Close Encounters of the Third Kind_. He won an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award during his career.

Zsigmond was born in Szeged, Hungary. He became an American citizen in 1962. Zsigmond died at his home in Big Sur, California at the age of 85.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Vilmos Zsigmond, A.S.C.
- **image**: Vilmos Zsigmond KVIFF.jpg
- **caption**: Vilmos Zsigmond at 43rd KVIFF
- **birth place**: Szeged, Hungary
- **death place**: Big Sur, California, Big Sur, California, United States, U.S.
- **occupation**: Cinematographer
- **yearsactive**: 1955–2016
Freeman Dyson

**Freeman John Dyson** FRS (December 15, 1923 – February 28, 2020) was an English-born-American theoretical physicist and mathematician. He was known for his work in quantum electrodynamics, solid-state physics, astronomy and nuclear engineering. He gained a bachelor degree at the University of Cambridge. In 1957, he became an American citizen.

Dyson was born in Crowthorne, Berkshire, England, the son of George Dyson. Dyson died on February 28, 2020 at a hospital in Princeton, New Jersey from a fall, aged 96.

He won many scientific awards, including the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1981.

## Other websites

- Heretical thoughts about science and society essay by Freeman Dyson
Harold Stassen

**Harold Edward Stassen** (April 13, 1907 – March 4, 2001) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Stassen was born in West St. Paul, Minnesota. He studied at the University of Minnesota Law School.

He was the 25th Governor of Minnesota. He served as governor from 1939 to 1943. He ran for President of the United States nine times in the Republican primaries from 1944 to 1992 (1944, 1948, 1952, 1964, 1968, 1980, 1984, 1988, and 1992).

Stassen married Esther G. Glewwe in 1929. Their marriage would last until his death in 2001. They had two children; Glenn and Kathleen.

Stassen died in Bloomington, Minnesota from natural causes, aged 93.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Harold Stassen
- **image**: Harold Stassen.jpg
- **office**: Director of the United States Foreign Operations Administration
- **president**: Dwight D. Eisenhower
- **term start**: August 3, 1953
- **term end**: March 19, 1955
- **predecessor**: Position established
- **successor**: Position abolished
- **office1**: Director of the Mutual Security Agency
- **president1**: Dwight D. Eisenhower
- **term start1**: January 28, 1953
- **term end1**: August 1, 1953
- **predecessor1**: W. Averell Harriman
- **successor1**: Position abolished
- **order2**: 3rd
- **office2**: President of the University of Pennsylvania
- **term start2**: 1948
- **term end2**: 1953
- **predecessor2**: George William McClelland
- **successor2**: William Hagan DuBarry (acting)
- **office3**: Chair of the National Governors Association
- **term start3**: January 7, 1941
- **term end3**: June 21, 1942
- **predecessor3**: William Henry Vanderbilt III, William H. Vanderbilt
- **successor3**: Herbert O'Conor
- **order4**: 25th Governor of Minnesota
- **lieutenant4**: C. Elmer Anderson
Edward John Thye
- **term start4**: January 2, 1939
- **term end4**: April 27, 1943
- **predecessor4**: Elmer Austin Benson
- **successor4**: Edward John Thye
- **birth name**: Harold Edward Stassen
- **death place**: Bloomington, Minnesota, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **education**: University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Laws, LLB)
- **rank**:  Captain
- **mawards**: Legion of Merit
- **serviceyears**: 1942-1945
- **battles**: World War II
Alan Cranston

**Alan MacGregor Cranston** (June 19, 1914 – December 31, 2000) was an American politician and journalist. He was the United States senator of California. He served as senator from 1969 to 1993. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Cranston ran for President of the United States in 1984, but lost the Democratic Party primary to Walter Mondale.

Cranston died in Los Altos, California from natural causes, aged 86.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birthname**: Alan MacGregor Cranston
- **image**: AlanCranston.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **caption**: Cranston in 1979
- **order1**: Chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs
- **term start1**: January 3, 1987
- **term end1**: January 3, 1993
- **preceded1**: Frank Murkowski
- **succeeded1**: Jay Rockefeller
- **term start2**: January 3, 1977
- **term end2**: January 3, 1981
- **preceded2**: Vance Hartke
- **succeeded2**: Alan K. Simpson
- **order3**: Assistant party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Majority Whip
- **term start3**: January 3, 1987
- **term end3**: January 3, 1991
- **leader3**: Robert Byrd
George J. Mitchell, George Mitchell
- **predecessor3**: Alan K. Simpson
- **successor3**: Wendell Ford
- **term start4**: January 3, 1977
- **term end4**: January 3, 1981
- **leader4**: Robert Byrd
- **predecessor4**: Robert Byrd
- **successor4**: Ted Stevens
- **order5**: Assistant party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Minority Whip
- **term start5**: January 3, 1981
- **term end5**: January 3, 1987
- **leader5**: Robert Byrd
- **predecessor5**: Ted Stevens
- **successor5**: Alan K. Simpson
- **jr/sr6**: United States Senator
- **state6**: California
- **term start6**: January 3, 1969
- **term end6**: January 3, 1993
- **predecessor6**: Thomas Kuchel
- **successor6**: Barbara Boxer
- **order7**: 25th California State Controller
- **term start7**: 1959
- **term end7**: 1967
- **governor7**: Pat Brown
- **predecessor7**: Robert C. Kirkwood
- **successor7**: Houston I. Flournoy
- **birth place**: Palo Alto, California
- **death place**: Los Altos, California, Los Altos, California
- **spouse**: Geneva McMath (divorced)
Norma Weintraub (divorced)
- **alma mater**: Stanford University
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
Ben Fernandez

**Ben Fernandez** (February 24, 1925 – April 25, 2000) was an American politician, financial consultant, World War II veteran, and special ambassador. He was America's first major-party presidential nominee of an Hispanic origin. He ran as a Republican. He ran for president in 1980, 1984, and in 1988.  He lost during the primaries to Ronald Reagan, in 1980 and 1984, and to George H. W. Bush in 1988.
Lowell Weicker

**Lowell Palmer Weicker Jr.** (May 16, 1931 – June 28, 2023) was an American politician and lawyer. He was the Governor of Connecticut. He served as governor from 1991 to 1995. Weicker was a Republican. He ran for President of the United States in 1980, but lost the primary to Ronald Reagan.

From 1971 to 1989, Weicker was the United States Senator from Connecticut. From 1969 to 1971, Weicker represented the state's 4th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives.

Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France to American parents. He died on June 28, 2023 at a hospital in Middletown, Connecticut at the age of 92.
Cliff Finch

**Charles Clifton "Cliff" Finch** (April 4, 1927 – April 22, 1986) was an American politician. He was the 56th Governor of Mississippi. He served as governor from 1976 to 1980. He was a Democrat.

He ran for President of the United States in 1980, but lost the primary to Jimmy Carter.

Finch died in Batesville, Mississippi from a heart attack, aged 59.
Terry Sanford

**James Terry Sanford** (August 20, 1917 – April 18, 1998) was an American politician and educator. He was the United States senator of North Carolina. He served as senator from 1986 to 1993. He was a Democrat.

Sanford ran for President of the United States in 1976, but lost the primary to Jimmy Carter.

Sanford died in Durham, North Carolina from esophageal cancer, aged 80.
Henry M. Jackson

**Henry Martin "Scoop" Jackson** (May 31, 1912 – September 1, 1983) was an American politician. He was the United States senator of Washington. He served as senator from 1953 to 1983. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

He ran for President of the United States during the presidential elections in 1976, but lost to Jimmy Carter during the primary.

Jackson died in Everett, Washington from an aortic aneurysm, aged 71.
Mo Udall

**Morris King "Mo" Udall** (June 15, 1922 – December 12, 1998) was an American politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives for Arizona's 2nd district. He served as a representative from 1961 to 1991. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Udall ran for President of the United States in 1976, but lost to Jimmy Carter during the primaries.

Udall died in Washington, D.C. from complications of Parkinson's disease, aged 76.
Birch Bayh

**Birch Evans Bayh, Jr.** (January 22, 1928 – March 14, 2019) was an American politician. He served as a United States senator of Indiana. He served as senator from 1963 to 1981. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Terre Haute, Indiana.

He ran for President of the United States in 1976, but lost to Jimmy Carter during the primary. He was known for co-authoring and introducing Title IX to the Senate.

Bayh authored the twenty-fifth and the twenty-sixth amendments to the United States Constitution. His is the only non-founding father to author two amendments. He also proposed to remove the electoral college and to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment.

Bayh lost his re-election bid in 1980 to future Vice President Dan Quayle with a vote margin of 53.8% to 46.2%.

Bayh's son, Evan, is a former Indiana governor and senator.

Bayh died on March 14, 2019 in Easton, Maryland from pneumonia, aged 91.

## Other websites

- Birch Bayh official website
- Interview with Senator Bayh in August 2004
 Retrieved on 2009-05-08
- Oral History Interview with Birch Bayh, from the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
- Historic footage of Birch Bayh from the Ball State University Digital Media Repository
- The Art of Leadership: A Companion to an Exhibition from the Senatorial Papers of Birch Bayh The Lilly Library Bloomington, Indiana.
Larry Pressler

**Larry Lee Pressler** (born March 29, 1942) is an American politician. He was born in Humboldt, South Dakota and was the United States senator of South Dakota. He served as senator from 1979 to 1997. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Pressler ran for President of the United States in 1980, but lost to Ronald Reagan during the primary. Pressler announced in 2013, that he would run for the senate seat as an Independent. He soon lost the election to Republican Governor Mike Rounds.
Yongle Encyclopedia

The ***Yongle Encyclopedia*** was a Chinese compilation of information. It was ordered by the Ming Dynasty emperor Yongle in 1403, and completed by 1408. It was the world's largest known general encyclopedia at its time, and held this record for six centuries.

In the Chinese language it is: . This means _The Great Canon or Vast Documents of the Yongle Era_.
Los Altos, California

**Los Altos** is a city in Santa Clara County, California. It is on the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area. Its population was 31,625 in 2020.
Wayne Morse

**Wayne Lyman Morse** (October 20, 1900 – July 22, 1974) was an American politician. He was the United States senator of Oregon. He served as senator from 1945 to 1969. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Morse ran for President of the United States in 1960, but lost the primary to John F. Kennedy.

Morse died in Portland, Oregon from kidney failure, aged 73.
Arthur H. Vandenberg

**Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg** (March 22, 1884 – April 18, 1951) was an American politician. Vandenberg was known for being part of the creation of the United Nations with Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Vandenberg was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan.

In 1906, Vandenberg was married to Elizabeth Watson. Watson died in 1917. They had three children. Vandenberg married Hazel Whittaker in 1918. Their marriage lasted until his death in 1951. They had no children.

He was the United States senator of Michigan. He served as senator from 1928 until his death in 1951. He was also the President pro tempore of the United States Senate from 1947 to 1949.

Vandenberg was a member of the Republican Party. He ran for President of the United States in 1948, but lost the primary to Thomas E. Dewey.

Vandenberg died in Grand Rapids, Michigan from cancer, aged 67.
Doctor Eggman

**Dr. Ivo "Eggman" Robotnik** is the main antagonist of Sonic the Hedgehog. He first appeared in 1991 in the game _Sonic the Hedgehog_ for the Sega Mega Drive. He last appeared in 2023 in the game _Sonic Superstars_.

## Creation

In April 1990, Sega wanted a character to replace Alex Kidd as the company's mascot. One of the designs was a caricature of Theodore Roosevelt. This became the basis for the design of Dr. Eggman. They wanted a character that was the opposite of Sonic, a character that would represent technology and development. The character was also designed to be easily drawable by children.

## Features

Eggman is a distinguished scientist and mechanical genius with an IQ of 300.  He is an expert in the field of robotics. Despite all this, Eggman uses intelligence for purposes. He attempts to conquer the world and create his own utopia. Despite many setbacks, he never gives up, and he does not care what others think of his actions. He considers anyone who opposes his plans is a serious threat. Despite his intellect, Eggman is often insane. Sometimes he can't even accept the fact that he is in trouble.

## Infobox (character)

- **name**: Dr. Eggman
- **series**: Sonic the Hedgehog
- **image**: New York Comic Con 2014 - Dr. Robotnik (15314367147).jpg
- **caption**: Eggman cosplay at the 2014 New York Comic Con
- **fullname**: Ivo Robotnik
- **alias**: Dr. Eggman
- **first**: _Sonic the Hedgehog (video game), Sonic the Hedgehog_ ()
- **last**: _Sonic Superstars_ ()
- **voice**: Mike Pollock (2004-present)
- **portrayer**: Jim Carrey (films, 2020-2024)
- **creator**: Naoto Ohshima
- **family**: Professor Gerald Robotnik (grandfather)
- **gender**: Male
Hal Smith (catcher)

**Harold Raymond** "**Hal**" **Smith** (June 1, 1931 – April 12, 2014) was an American Major League Baseball catcher. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1956 until 1961 and briefly for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1965. He was born in Barling, Arkansas.

Smith died on April 12, 2014 in Fort Smith, Arkansas, aged 82. He was outlived by his wife and three children.

## Other websites

- Hal Smith at Baseball Reference
Erik Erikson

**Erik Homburger Erikson** (born **Erik Salomonsen**; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst. Eriksons is known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. Erikson is also known for coining the phrase _identity crisis_. His son is Kai T. Erikson, a sociologist.

In 1970, Erikson won a Pulitzer Prize in _General Nonfiction_ and won a U.S. National Book Award in the _Philosophy and Religion_ category, both for _Gandhi's Truth_.

Erikson died at the Rosewood Manor Nursing Home in Harwich, Massachusetts on 12 May 1994.

## Other websites

- The Erikson Institute website
Lucy (2014 movie)

***Lucy*** is a 2014 French science fiction superhero action movie. It is about street gangs, drugs and changing of the title character to superhuman. It was written and directed by Luc Besson and is set in Taipei. Scarlett Johansson plays Lucy. Morgan Freeman plays Norman.

The movie was released in July 2014 in the United States.

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Air China Flight 129

**Air China flight 129** is an international scheduled flight from Beijing to Busan. On April 15, 2002, the Boeing 767-2J6ER flying the route crashed into a mountain while trying to land at Busan-Gimhae International Airport. Of the 166 people on the aircraft, 129 were killed. Investigators determined that pilot error was the cause of the crash.

This was the first time an Air China crash killed people. It was also the worst plane crash in South Korea until the crash of Jeju Air Flight 2216.

## Infobox (aircraft occurrence)

- **occurrence type**: Accident
- **name**: Air China Flight 129
- **image**: Boeing 767-2J6-ER, Air China AN0669948.jpg
- **caption**: The aircraft involved in the accident in 1997
- **type**: Controlled flight into terrain due to pilot error and ATC error
- **site**: Mount Dotdae, Busan, South Korea
- **passengers**: 155
- **crew**: 11
- **fatalities**: 129
- **injuries**: 37
- **survivors**: 37
- **aircraft type**: Boeing 767-200ER, Boeing 767-2J6ER
- **tail number**: B-2552
- **operator**: Air China
- **origin**: Beijing International Airport, Beijing, China
- **destination**: Gimhae International Airport, Gimhae, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea
Lake Mattamuskeet

**Lake Mattamuskeet** is a lake in the U.S. state of North Carolina.
Pinehurst Resort

**Pinehurst Resort** is a historic golf resort in Pinehurst, North Carolina. It is in the Coastal Plains.
Owen Woodhouse

Lieutenant Commander **Sir Arthur Owen Woodhouse**  (18 July 1916 – 15 April 2014), better known as **Owen Woodhouse**, was a New Zealand lawyer, jurist and chair of government commissions. He was a member of the Supreme Court. He later served as President of the Court of Appeal from 1981 until 1986.

Woodhouse was born in Napier and studied at the University of Auckland. During World War II, he served as a lieutenant commander in the Royal New Zealand Naval Volunteer Reserve.

Woodhouse died from natural causes on 15 April 2014 in Auckland, aged 97.
Davidson Black

**Davidson Black** (July 25, 1884 –  March 15, 1934) was a Canadian doctor who studied anatomy and anthropology. He was born in Toronto and died in Peking (now Beijing).  In 1927, he led a team that discovered bone fossils from an early species of human beings in China. The fossils were about 750,000 years old. They belonged to the species _Sinanthropus pekinensis_ or Peking Man. He and his team found these fossils near the village of Zhoukoudian, near Beijing.

He graduated from the University of Toronto. In 1921, he became a professor of anatomy in China at Peking Union Medical College.  He died on March 15, 1934.
Rhys Darby

**Rhys Montague Darby** (born 21 March 1974) is a New Zealand actor and comedian. He is best known for playing Murray Hewitt, the band manager of Flight of the Conchords, in the HBO television series of the same name (2007–2009). He has since appeared in movies such as _Yes Man_ (2008), _The Boat That Rocked_ (2009), _Diagnosis: Death_ (2009), _Love Birds_ (2011), _Arthur Christmas_ (2011), and _What We Do in the Shadows_ (2014).

Darby was born in Auckland. He grew up in the suburb of Pakuranga. He was a soldier in the New Zealand Army. He is married to Rosie Carnahan. The couple have two children.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rhys Darby
- **image**: Rhys_Darby_2013.jpg
- **image size**: 300px
- **birth name**: Rhys Montague Darby
- **caption**: Darby performing in 2013
- **birth place**: Auckland, New Zealand
- **nationality**: New Zealand
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **spouse**: Rosie Carnahan
- **children**: 2
Albert Sidney Johnston

**Albert Sidney Johnston** (February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862) was a Confedeate general during the American Civil War. He was born in 1803 in Tennessee. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1826. He resigned from the U.S. army in 1834 after his wife died. He then joined the Texas army during the Texas Revolution and continued serving in it after Texas became a republic. In 1840 he resigned from the Texas army and moved to Kentucky.

Johnston rejoined the U.S. army for the Mexican–American War. By 1860 he was in charge of the U.S. army in California. He resigned in May 1861 after Texas joined the Confederate States of America. He was made a four star general in the Confederate army and put in charge of the Confederate units in Kentucky and Tennessee. He was killed at the Battle of Shiloh on April 6, 1862.
Brick Mansions

***Brick Mansions*** is a 2014 French-Canadian-American urban crime movie. The movie is about crimes in Detroit and plans to ruin the area. Paul Walker plays Damien Collier.

The movie was released on April 25, 2014. It is a remake of _District 13_.
John Bell Hood

**John Bell Hood** (1831 – August 30, 1879) was a Confederate army general during the American Civil War. He was born in 1831 in Kentucky. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1853. After the Battle of Fort Sumter, he joined the Confederate army as colonel of the 4th Texas Infantry. In February 1862, he became commander of the Texas Brigade as a brigadier general. He became commander of a division in July 1862. He was wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. He was wounded again at the Battle of Chickamauga in September 1863. In late July 1864, he became commander of the Army of Tennessee.

After the war, Hood became a businessman. He married in 1868 and had eleven children. He died in 1879 during a yellow fever epidemic in New Orleans.
Brigade

A **brigade** is a military unit in an army. Currently, in most armies, a brigade is made up of several thousand soldiers in several battalions plus a brigade headquarters. This is common in the United States Army. Before World War II, a "square division" had two brigades and each brigade had two regiments. Some modern armies have several types of brigades. Each of these brigades has a brigade headquarters and a few battalions.

Depending on the country an army brigade is under the command of a Brigadier General or a Colonel.
Sportsnet 360

**Sportsnet 360** is a Canadian English language cable and satellite television specialty channel. Sportsnet 360 is owned by Rogers Media. They show sports highlights, news, analysis programming as well as live sports coverage with basketball, college/university sports, mixed martial arts, professional wrestling, and soccer.

The channel was first launched in 1994 and was known as **Sportscope**. It was relaunched in May 1997 under the name **Headline Sports** with channel licencing Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission.

The licence was rewritten by the CRTC to allow live sports programming and because of this, as well as legal issues with U.S. cable news channel CNN Headline News which also had a "Headline Sports" segment, the channel became known as **The Score Television Network**.

On October 19, 2012, they were acquired by Rogers Media for $167 million. On July 1, 2013, Rogers renamed the channel **Sportsnet 360**.

## Programming

- Aftermath
- Blue Jays in 30
- Blue Jays Xpress
- CIS football & basketball
- European Poker Tour
- Major League Baseball (Toronto Blue Jays)
- Major League Soccer
- NCAA football & basketball
- Prime Time Sports with Bob McCown
- The Ultimate Fighter
- Tim & Sid
- UEFA Champions League
- World Poker Tour
- WWE Experience
- WWE Raw
- WWE SmackDown
- WWE Vintage

## Other websites

- Official website
Claire Denis

**Claire Denis** (born April 21, 1946) is a French movie director. In 1988, the first movie directed by Denis, _Chocolat_, was released. It was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival.

## Early life

Denis was born in Paris in 1946, but she was raised in colonial French Africa. When she was 14, she moved back to Paris with her mother to finish her education.
Major general

A **major general** (or **two-star general**) is a rank in an army. It is between the ranks of lieutenant general and brigadier general. A major general usually commands a division. It comes from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparently confusing system whereby a lieutenant general outranks a major general (although a major outranks a lieutenant, a lieutenant outranks a sergeant-major.) A Major general is addressed as "general".
Caledonian orogeny

The **Caledonian orogeny** was a mountain building era. It left its mark in the northern parts of the British Isles, the Scandinavian Mountains, Svalbard, eastern Greenland, northern Europe and the eastern United States.

The events occurred from the Ordovician to early Devonian, roughly 490390 million years ago (mya). It was caused by the closure of the Iapetus Ocean when the continents and lands of Laurentia, Baltica and Avalonia collided.

The Caledonian orogeny is named after Caledonia, the Latin name for Scotland. The name is not used for an absolute period of time: it applies only to the series of mountain-building events.

Part of the mountain chain ended up in modern North America, where it is called the Acadian orogeny (see Appalachian Mountains).

## Stages

The Caledonian orogeny was one of several orogenies that would eventually form the supercontinent Pangaea later in the Palaeozoic era. The main phase of the Caledonian orogeny happened from about 425 to 395 million years ago.

Continental collision started in the mid Silurian, and mountain building took place in the early Devonian (from 407 million years ago onward).
Sheila Jeffreys

**Sheila Jeffreys** (born 1948)  is a lesbian feminist activist. She was born in the United Kingdom.

## Career

Jeffreys helped write _Love Your Enemy? The Debate Between Heterosexual Feminism and Political Lesbianism_ in 1979. Her first book written without other writers was published in 1985. She moved to Melbourne in Australia in 1991 to work at the University of Melbourne. In 2009 _The Industrial Vagina_ was published. Jeffreys' most recent book, _Gender Hurts_, was published in April 2014.

## Personal life

In 1973 Jeffreys became a political lesbian.

## Other websites

- Official website
Armando Peraza

**Armando Peraza** (May 30, 1924 – April 14, 2014) was a Cuban-American Latin jazz percussionist. His career began during the 1950s.

He performed with many professional artists such as Perez Prado, Machito, George Shearing, Charlie Parker, Tito Puente, Cal Tjader, and Carlos Santana. He was born in Havana, Cuba.

Peraza died from pneumonia on April 14, 2014 in San Francisco, California, aged 89.
Shirley Chisholm

**Shirley Anita St. Hill Chisholm** (November 30, 1924 – January 1, 2005) was an American politician, educator, and writer. She was a member of the Democratic Party.

Chisholm was born in Brooklyn, New York City. She studied at Brooklyn College.

She was a member of the United States House of Representatives for New York's 2nd district. She served as a representative from 1969 to 1983.

She ran for President of the United States in 1972 as a Democrat. She lost the primary to George McGovern. Chisholm became the first major-party black candidate for President of the United States.

She was married to Conrad Chisholm. Their marriage ended in divorce. Then she was married to Arthur Hardwick, Jr.. Their marriage would last until his death.

Chisholm died in Ormond Beach, Florida from a stroke. She was 80 years old.
Shane Gibson (musician)

**Shane Paul Gibson** (February 21, 1979 – April 15, 2014) was an American musician. He was best known as guitarist of Korn and stOrk. He was also a member Jonathan Davis and the SFA and L. Shankar. He was born in Houma, Louisiana and raised in Fort Walton Beach, Florida.

Gibson died due to complications from a blood clotting disorder on April 15, 2014 at a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama. He was 35.
Robert S. Kerr

**Robert Samuel Kerr** (September 11, 1896 – January 1, 1963) was an American politician and businessman. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Kerr was born in Ada, Oklahoma. He studied at Oklahoma Baptist University and for a short while at Oklahoma State University.

Kerr served as Governor of Oklahoma. He served as governor from 1943 to 1947. Then, Kerr was the United States senator of Oklahoma. He served as senator from 1949 to 1963.

Kerr ran for President of the United States in 1952. He lost the primary to Adlai Stevenson II.

Kerr died from a fatal heart attack in Washington, D.C., aged 66.

## Other websites

- Robert S. Kerr Collection  and Photograph Collection  at the Carl Albert Center

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Robert Kerr
- **image**: Robert S. Kerr.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **term start**: January 3, 1949
- **term end**: January 1, 1963
- **predecessor**: Edward H. Moore
- **successor**: J. Howard Edmondson
- **order1**: 12th Governor of Oklahoma
- **lieutenant1**: James E. Berry
- **term start1**: January 11, 1943
- **term end1**: January 13, 1947
- **predecessor1**: Leon C. Phillips
- **successor1**: Roy J. Turner
- **birth name**: Robert Samuel Kerr
- **birth place**: Ada, Oklahoma, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Reba Shelton
Grayce Breene
- **children**: 4
- **relations**: Travis M. Kerr
- **education**: Oklahoma Baptist University
East Central University
University of Oklahoma
- **unit**: Oklahoma National Guard
- **battles**: World War I
Transcendence (movie)

***Transcendence*** is a 2014 American science fiction drama movie directed by Wally Pfister. It is produced by Christopher Nolan. It stars Johnny Depp, Rebecca Hall, Kate Mara, Cillian Murphy, Paul Bettany, and Morgan Freeman.

Transcendence was released in New York City on April 10, 2014. It was released on April 18, 2014 in other cities and countries.
Following

***Following*** is a 1998 British drama thriller movie directed by Christopher Nolan. It stars Jeremy Theobald, Alex Haw, Lucy Russell, and John Nolan. It was released on September 12, 1998. This was Christopher Nolan's first movie. It tells the story of a young man who follows strangers around the streets of London and is drawn into a criminal underworld when he fails to keep his distance.

As Christopher Nolan's debut feature, it was designed to be as inexpensive as possible to make: scenes were heavily rehearsed so that just one or two takes were needed, thus economizing on 16 mm film stock, the production's greatest expense, and for which Nolan was paying from his salary. Without expensive professional lighting equipment, Nolan mostly used available light. Apart from writing, directing, and photographing the film, Nolan also helped in editing and production. Instead of fighting against the limitations of the production, Christopher Nolan allowed them to dictate everything from the film’s structure, to its handheld shooting style, to the 16mm film it was shot on, to black-and-white stock, and setting the scene during the day and place the characters next to windows or in natural sunlight as much as possible. Nolan has explained it in a detailed interview with VICE.

## Other websites

- How Christopher Nolan Shot His No-Budget Film,’Following’
Memento (movie)

***Memento*** is a 2000 American psychological thriller film. Christopher Nolan wrote and directed it. Suzanne and Jennifer Todd made the movie. The story came from a pitch by Jonathan Nolan, who also wrote the 2001 story "Memento Mori." Guy Pearce plays a man who has anterograde amnesia, meaning he cannot make new memories and forgets things every fifteen minutes. He tries to find the people who attacked him and killed his wife. He uses Polaroid photos and tattoos to remember what he cannot.

The movie shows two sequences of scenes. One sequence is in black-and-white and goes in order. The other sequence is in color and goes backward, showing how the main character’s mind works. The two sequences meet at the end to make one full story.

_Memento_ first showed at the 57th Venice International Film Festival on September 5, 2000, and came out in the United States on March 16, 2001. Critics liked it, praising its story told out of order and themes of memory, perception, grief, and self-deception. The movie made $39.9 million on a $4.5 million budget. It got many awards, including Oscar nominations for Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing. Today, it is seen as one of Christopher Nolan’s best movies and one of the top movies of the 2000s. In 2017, the United States Library of Congress chose it to be kept in the National Film Registry.

## Cast

- Guy Pearce as Leonard Shelby
- Carrie-Anne Moss as Natalie
- Joe Pantoliano as John Edward "Teddy" Gammell
- Mark Boone Junior as Burt
- Russ Fega as Waiter
- Jorja Fox as Catherine Shelby
- Stephen Tobolowsky as Samuel R. "Sammy" Jankis
- Harriet Sansom Harris as Mrs. Jankis
- Thomas Lennon as Doctor
- Callum Keith Rennie as Dodd
- Kimberly Campbell as Blonde
- Marianne Muellerleile as Tattooist
- Larry Holden as James F. "Jimmy" Grantz

## Related pages

- _Regarding Henry_
- _The Vow_ (2012)

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Memento
- **image**: Memento.svg
- **caption**: Logo
- **director**: Christopher Nolan
- **screenplay**: Christopher Nolan
- **cinematography**: Wally Pfister
- **editing**: Dody Dorn
- **distributor**: Newmarket Films, Newmarket
- **runtime**: 113 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $5–9 million
- **gross**: $40.1 million
Mick Staton

**David Michael Staton** (February 11, 1940 – April 14, 2014), better known as **Mick Staton**, was an American politician for the Republican Party. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives serving West Virginia's 3rd District from 1981 until 1983. He was born in Parkersburg, West Virginia.

Staton died on April 14, 2014 in Winchester, Virginia, aged 74. He was outlived by his wife and two adult children.

## Infobox (congressman)

- **name**: Mick Staton
- **birth name**: David Michael Staton
- **image name**: Mick Staton.png
- **image size**: 200px
- **birth place**: Parkersburg, West Virginia, Parkersburg, West Virginia, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Winchester, Virginia, Winchester, Virginia, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Concord University
- **state**: West Virginia
- **district**: West Virginia's 3rd congressional district, 3rd
- **term start**: January 3, 1981
- **term end**: January 3, 1983
- **preceded**: John G. Hutchinson
- **succeeded**: Bob Wise
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **branch**: Army National Guard
- **serviceyears**: 1957–1965
Insomnia (2002 movie)

***Insomnia*** is a 2002 American thriller movie directed by Christopher Nolan and written by Hillary Seitz. A remake of the 1997 Norwegian movie of the same name, it stars Al Pacino, Robin Williams, Hilary Swank, Maura Tierney, Martin Donovan, Nicky Katt, and Paul Dooley. The movie revolves around two Los Angeles homicide detectives investigating a murder in Nightmute, Alaska.

Released on May 24, 2002, _Insomnia_ grossed over $113 million worldwide against a production budget of $46 million, and received critical praise for its screenplay, cinematography, direction, and acting, particularly Pacino's and Williams' performances.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Insomnia
- **director**: Christopher Nolan
- **producer**: Paul Junger Witt
Edward L. McDonnell
Broderick Johnson
Andrew A. Kosove
- **screenplay**: Hillary Seitz
- **starring**: Al Pacino
Robin Williams
Hilary Swank
Maura Tierney
Martin Donovan
Nicky Katt
Paul Dooley
- **music**: David Julyan
- **cinematography**: Wally Pfister
- **editing**: Dody Dorn
- **production companies**: Alcon Entertainment
Witt/Thomas Productions
Section Eight Productions
- **distributor**: Warner Bros. Pictures
- **released**: May 3, 2002 (Tribeca Film Festival)
May 24, 2002 (United States)
- **runtime**: 118 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $46 million
- **gross**: $113.8 million
Marksville, Louisiana

**Marksville** is a city in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, United States. It has the population of 5,065 residents.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Marksville, Louisiana
- **official name**: City of Marksville
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Marksville District.jpg
- **image caption**: Marksville Commercial Historic District
- **motto**: Where Everybody is Somebody
- **map caption**: Interactive map of Marksville
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision type2**: Parish
- **subdivision name2**: Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, Avoyelles
- **established title**: Founded
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: John H. Lemoine
- **area total km2**: 12.50
- **area total sq mi**: 4.83
- **area land km2**: 12.47
- **area land sq mi**: 4.81
- **area water km2**: 0.03
- **area water sq mi**: 0.01
- **population total**: 5065
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 406.28
- **population density sq mi**: 1052.36
- **timezone1**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset1**: -6
- **timezone1 dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -5
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 71351
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: Area code 318, 318
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 22-48750
Stuart Symington

**William Stuart Symington, Jr.** (June 26, 1901 – December 14, 1988) was an American businessman and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Symington was born in Amherst, Massachusetts. He studied at Yale University.

Symington was the first United States Secretary of the Air Force. He served as secretary from 1947 to 1950. Then he served as the United States senator of Missouri. He served as senator from 1953 to 1976.

Symington ran for President of the United States in 1960. He lost the primary to John F. Kennedy.

Symington was married to Evelyn Wadsworth. Their marriage would last until her death in 1972. Symington resigned in 1976, four days before his term would end. They had one son, James W. Symington, former member of the United States House of Representatives. His cousin, Fife Symington, served as Governor of Arizona from 1991 through 1997.

Symington died in New Canaan, Connecticut from angina pectoris, aged 87.
John W. Byrnes

**John William Byrnes** (June 12, 1913 – January 12, 1985) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Byrnes was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin. He studied at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Byrnes served in the Wisconsin Senate for Wisconsin's 2nd district from 1941 to 1945. Byrnes was a member of the United States House of Representatives for Wisconsin's 8th district. He served as a representative from 1945 to 1973.

Byrnes ran for President of the United States in 1964. He lost the primary to Barry M. Goldwater.

Byrnes was married to Barbara Preston. Byrnes died in Marshfield, Wisconsin from a stroke, aged 71.
Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.

**Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.** (July 5, 1902 – February 27, 1985) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. He served as an ambassador of the United States to West Germany, South Vietnam, and to the United Nations. In 1960, he was Richard Nixon's running mate in the 1960 presidential election. They lost to John F. Kennedy. He ran for President of the United States in 1964, but lost the nomination to Barry Goldwater.

Lodge was born in Nahant, Massachusetts, USA. His father was George Cabot Lodge, a poet. He was the grandson of Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, great-great grandson of Senator Elijah H. Mills, and great-great-great-grandson of Senator George Cabot. His mother was Mathilda Elizabeth Frelinghuysen Davis, the great granddaughter of Senator John Davis.

He had two siblings: John Davis Lodge (1903–1985), also a politician, and Helena Lodge de Streel (b. 1905).

Lodge attended St. Albans School and graduated from Middlesex School. In 1924, he graduated _cum laude_ from Harvard University.

Lodge died in Beverly, Massachusetts from a long-illness at the age of 82.
Hiram Fong

**Hiram Leong Fong** (**Yau Leong Fong**; October 15, 1906 – August 18, 2004) was an American politician and businessman. He was the first United States senator for Hawaii. He served as senator from 1959 to 1977. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Fong ran for President of the United States in 1964. He lost the primary to Barry M. Goldwater. He was the first Asian-American to run for President of the United States. Patsy Mink would follow him as the few Hawaiians to run for President.

Fong died in Kahaluu, Hawaii of complications from a fall, aged 97.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hiram Fong
- **image**: Hiram Fong.jpg
- **caption**: Fong in 1973
- **jr/sr**: Senior Senator
- **state**: Hawaii
- **term start**: August 21, 1959
- **term end**: January 3, 1977
- **preceded**: Post established
- **succeeded**: Spark Matsunaga
- **birth place**: Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.
- **death place**: Kahaluu, Hawaii, Kahaluu, Hawaii, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
Kahaluu, Hawaii

**Kahaluu** is a small residential area on Oahu, Hawaii. As of 2020, 5,241 people lived in Kahaluu.
Marshfield, Wisconsin

**Marshfield** is a city in Marathon County and in Wood County, Wisconsin. It has the population of 18,929 residents.
Chris Parnell

**Thomas Christopher "Chris" Parnell** (; born February 5, 1967) is an American actor, voice artist and comedian. He was a cast member on _Saturday Night Live_ from 1998 to 2006 and played the role of Dr. Leo Spaceman on _30 Rock_. In animation, he voices Cyril Figgis on the FX series _Archer_, Jerry Smith on Adult Swim's _Rick and Morty_ and the narrator on the PBS series _WordGirl_. He also voices "The Progressive Box" in a series of advertisements by the Progressive Corporation.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chris Parnell
- **image**: Chris Parnell by David Shankbone (cropped).jpg
- **birth name**: Thomas Christopher Parnell
- **birth place**: Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
- **education**: University of North Carolina School of the Arts (Bachelor of Fine Arts, BFA)
- **years active**: 1988–present
Francis Gary Powers

**Francis Gary Powers** (Jenkins, Kentucky August 17, 1929 – Los Angeles, California, August 1, 1977) was an American pilot. He was known for piloting a Central Intelligence Agency U-2 spy plane which was shot down while flying a reconnaissance mission over the Soviet Union. This caused the 1960 U-2 incident, and played a large role in the Cold War.

Powers was held as a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union. On February 10, 1962, Powers was exchanged in a spy swap in Berlin. The exchange was for Soviet KGB Colonel Vilyam Fisher, known as "Rudolf Abel", who had been caught by the FBI and tried and jailed for espionage.  Powers credited his father with the swap idea. When released, Powers's total time in captivity was 1 year, 9 months, and 10 days.

Powers died in Los Angeles County, California in a helicopter crash, aged 47.