juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ravindra Jain

**Ravindra Jain** (28 February 1944 – 9 October 2015) was an Indian music composer and lyricist.

He won the Filmfare Best Music Director Award in 1985. Jain was one of the most notable Hindi music directors. He started his career in the early 1970s, composing for hit movies such as _Chor Machaye Shor_ (1974), _Geet Gaata Chal_ (1975), _Chitchor_ (1976) and _Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se_ (1978).

Jain died of multiple organ failure at the age of 71.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Ravindra Jain
- **native name lang**: Hindi
- **native name**: रवींद्र जैन
- **image**: RavindraJain.jpg
- **caption**: Ravindra Jain in 2015
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
- **instrument**: Pump organ, Harmonium
- **genre**: Indian classical music and Playback singer, Playback singing
- **occupation**: Composer, music director, lyricist
- **years active**: 1971 – 2015
Du Runsheng

**Du Runsheng** (; July 18, 1913 – October 9, 2015) was a Chinese military officer, revolutionary leader, politician, and economist. He was described as "China's father of rural reform".

Du was a member of the 12th and 13th National People's Congress and a member of the Central Advisory Commission from 1987 through 1992.

He was born in Taigu County, Shanxi. He died in Beijing, China, at the age of 102.
Chop suey

**Chop suey** is a dish in American-Chinese cuisine. It is made with meat, often chicken, fish, pork or beef. There are also eggs and vegetables in it. It is usually served with rice or noodles.

There are many myths about chop suey. One is that in the 19th century it was invented by Chinese-American cooks working for the Transcontinental Railroad.

Chop suey appears in an 1884 article of the _Brooklyn Eagle_ by Wong Chin Foo.
Hot chicken

**Hot chicken**, also known as **Nashville hot chicken**, is a type of fried chicken. It is a specialty of Nashville, Tennessee, in the United States. Usually, it is pieces of breast, thigh, leg, or wing. The pieces are marinated in a water-based blend of seasoning, floured, and fried. They are covered in a sauce made with cayenne pepper. This is what gives it its red-orange coloring and makes it "hot".

Hot chicken is often served with white bread and pickles. There are many restaurants in Nashville that serve their own versions of the dish. Its popularity has spread outside the Southern United States.

In 2016, KFC began serving hot chicken in its restaurants across the United States.
Spacetoon

**Spacetoon** is an Arabic television network channel, It was launched in the Syria, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia in 2000, broadcasting to the Arab world.

## Planets

1. Adventure
1. Zomoroda
1. Comedy
1. Action
1. Abjad
1. Bon Bon
1. Sport
1. Science
1. Movies
1. History

|Planet Name|Programming Planet|Color|Ramadan Greetings|Such As Programming Broadcast|Species|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Adventure|Imagination Planet|Purple|Trip Fasting|Future Boy Conan|Leaf-Shaped Ball|
|Zomoroda|Ladies Planet|Pink|Same Fasting|Magical Princess Minky Momo|Flower-Shaped Ball|
|Comedy|Laughter Planet|Yellow|Happiness Fasting|Woody Woodpecker|Hair-Shaped Ball|
|Action|Excitement Planet|Blue|Patience Fasting|Dragon Ball|Nail-Shaped Ball|
|Abjad|Learning Planet|Orange|Fine Fasting|Pappyland|Pencil-Shaped Ball|
|Bon Bon|Hero Planet|Magenta|Joy Fasting|Thomas And Friends|Cake-Shaped Ball|
|Sport|Challenge Planet|Green|Immediately Fasting|Inazuma Eleven|Grass-Shaped Ball|
|Science|Knowledge Planet|Sky Blue|Health Fasting|Inspector Gadget|Metal-Shaped Ball|
|Movies|Coloring Planet|Red|Recording Fasting|Princess Castle|Ticket-Shaped Ball|
|History|Timer Planet|Brown|Chronology Fasting|Liberty's Kids|Sand-Shaped Ball|

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Spacetoon
- **logo**: Spacetoon logo.png
- **logo caption**: Channel logo
- **launch date**: (Arabic channel)

1 April 2005 – 1 January 2011 (English channel)
 (Indonesian channel)
 (Ukrainian channel)
- **owner**: Spacetoon International
- **picture format**: 576i (4:3 - 16:9 SDTV)
- **country**: United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, Ukraine, Syria and Saudi Arabia
- **language**: Arabic (Arab world)
English language, English (Arab world)
Indonesian language, Indonesian (Indonesia)
Ukrainian language, Ukrainian (Ukraine)
- **area**: Arab world
Ukraine
Indonesia
- **headquarters**: Damascus, Syria
Dubai, UAE
- **sister channels**: Spacetoon Plus, Spacetoon 2
Spacetoon Radio
Space Power TV, Space Power (SPTV)
- **timeshift service**: :uk:Малятко TV, Malyatko TV (2009–2012)
- **availability note**:

- **sat serv 1**: Nilesat
(MENA)
- **sat chan 1**: 11785 V 27500 ⅚
- **sat serv 2**: Türksat 3A
(MENA)
- **sat chan 2**: 11012 H 30000 ⅔
- **sat serv 3**: AsiaSat 9
(Indonesia)
- **sat chan 3**: 12655 V 45000 ⅚
- **sat serv 4**: Alcomsat-1
(Algeria)
- **sat chan 4**: 12360 H 30000 ⅚
- **iptv serv 1**: Etisalat, eLife (UAE)
- **iptv chan 1**: Channel 310
- **cable serv 1**: Foxtel (Australia)
- **cable chan 1**: Channel 59
- **iptv serv 2**: du (telco), DU (UAE)
- **iptv chan 2**: Channel 351
- **iptv serv 3**: Omantel (Oman)
- **iptv chan 3**: Channel 86
- **iptv serv 4**: UseeTV
(Indonesia)
- **iptv chan 4**: Channel 314
- **iptv serv 5**: OSN (MENA Region)
- **iptv chan 5**: Channel 370
- **online serv 1**: Live Stream
- **online chan 1**: [https://spacetoon.com/live_stream Spacetoon Arabic]
Doraemon: Nobita's Space Heroes

is a Japanese anime movie.In Japan, this movie was released on March 7th, 2015.

## Production team

- Original - Fujiko F. Fujio
- Screenplay - Higashi Shimzu
- Director - Yoshihiro Osugi
- Production - "Doraemon: Nobita's Space Heroes" 2015 Producer (Fujiko professional, Shin-Ei Animation, Shogakukan, Asatsu DK, TV Asahi, ShoPro, Toho, Dentsu, Shirogumi, ROBOT, Asahi Broadcasting Corporation, menu - tele, Shuji Abe, Kyushu Asahi Broadcasting, Hokkaido TV, Hiroshima Home TV)
- Major Production - Shin-Ei Animation
- Distibuted - Toho

## Cast

|Character|Japanese voice Actor|
| --- | --- |
|Doraemon|Wasabi Mizuta|
|Nobita Nobi|Megumi Ohara|
|Shizuka Minamoto|Yumi Kakazu|
|Takeshi "Gian" Goda|Subaru Kimura|
|Suneo Honekawa|Tomokazu Seki|
|Burger Director|Mamiko Noto|
|Aron|Marina Inoue|
|Hyde|Yuji Tanaka|
|Ogon|Yutaka Furukawa|
|Meba|Alisa Mizuki|
|Ikaros|Masachika Ichimura|
|Councilor|Motomu Kiyokawa|
|Secretary|Nobuyuki Kobushi|
|Grandpa|Nobuaki Sekine|
|Space Pirate Minions|Katsumi Toriumi Kenji Kitamura|
|Children|Ai Fukada Kanami Satō Tomomi Tenjinbayashi Shiori Matsuda|
|Tamako Nobi|Kotono Mitsuishi|
|Gian's Mother|Miyako Takeuchi|

## Box office

The movie was at the top of the Japanese box office during its opening weekend. From March 7th to March 8th, it earned  $5.3 million on 557,000 showings from 365 screens. As of April 19, 2015, it had grossed (¥3.91 billion) at the Japanese box office.

## Other website

- ドラえもん映画祭2015
- DORAEMON BLUE PROJECT
- 映画ドラえもん × タワーレコード キャンペーン
- のび太の宇宙英雄記（スペースヒーローズ）フェア
- ドラえもん&藤子・Ｆ・不二雄公式ファンブック Fライフ

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Doraemon: Nobita's Space Heroes
- **director**: Yoshihiro Osugi
- **writer**: Higashi Shimzu
- **starring**: Wasabi Mizuta
Megumi Ohara
Yumi Kakazu
Tomokazu Seki
Subaru Kimura
Inoue Marina
Noto Mamiko
Tanaka Yuji
Mizuki Arisa
Ichimura Masachika
Furukawa Yuron
Nobuaki Sekine
Soga Natsumi
Yuji Tanaka
Furuta Uta
Kotono Mitsuishi
Takeuchi Miyako
- **music**: Kan Sawada
- **studio**: Shin-Ei Animation
- **distributor**: Toho
- **runtime**: 100 minutes
- **country**: Japan
- **language**: Japanese
- **gross**: US$32.1 million (Japan)
JP¥3.91 billion


## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Nobita's Space Heroes
- **title orig**: のび太の宇宙英雄記（スペースヒーローズ）
- **author**: Fujiko F. Fujio
- **illustrator**: Shintarou Mugiwara
- **country**: Japan
- **language**: Japanese
- **series**: Doraemon
- **genre**: Adventure
- **release date**: April 28th, 2015
- **media type**: Shinsho
- **isbn**: 978-4-09-142016-9
Richard F. Heck

**Richard Fred Heck** (August 15, 1931 – October 10, 2015) was an American chemist. He was known for the discovery and development of the  Heck reaction, which uses palladium to catalyze organic chemical reactions that couple aryl halides with alkenes.

Heck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on October 6, 2010, with the Japanese chemists Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki, for their work in palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions in organic synthesis.

Heck died on October 10, 2015 in Manila in hospital, aged 84. He suffered a bout of severe vomiting earlier in the week.

## Other websites

- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Delaware

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Richard F. Heck
- **image**: Richard F. Heck2010.jpg
- **birth name**: Richard Fred Heck
- **birth place**: Springfield, Massachusetts, United States
- **death place**: Manila, Philippines
- **nationality**: American
- **fields**: Chemistry
- **workplaces**: University of Delaware
- **alma mater**: University of California, Los Angeles
- **known for**: Heck reaction
- **awards**: Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2010)
Unified Modeling Language

The **Unified Modeling Language** (**UML**) is a general-purpose, developmental, modeling language in the field of software engineering. UML is used to provide a standard way to show what the design of a system looks like.

UML was originally developed to standardize the different notational systems and approaches to software design. It was developed by Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh at Rational Software in 1994–95, with further development led by them through 1996.

In 1997, UML was adopted as a standard by the Object Management Group (OMG), and has been managed by this organization ever since. In 2005 the Unified Modeling Language was also published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as an approved ISO standard.

There are different types of diagrams, which serve different purposes:

- That way, business analysts can agree on the design of a system, for example by showing use-case diagrams
- Software developers can show activity diagrams, to expalin what the software does at a given moment, or how a certain operatio is structured.
- System engineers can rol out the software, and describe their work in a deployment diagram.

UML is mostly about diagrams, and finding a common language to describe these diagrams.
Jim Diamond

**James "Jim" Diamond** (28 September 1951 – 8 October 2015) was a Scottish singer-songwriter, best known for his three Top 5 hits. The first was "I Won't Let You Down" (1982), as the lead singer in the trio PhD, with Tony Hymas and Simon Phillips. His solo performance, "I Should Have Known Better", was a United Kingdom number one in 1984.

On 10 October 2015, the BBC News website announced that Diamond died in his sleep in London at the age of 64.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Jim Diamond
- **image**: JimDiamond.jpg
- **caption**: Jim Diamond, in 2009
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- **death place**: London, England, UK
- **origin**: Glasgow
- **instrument**: Vocals, guitar
- **genre**: Pop rock, New wave music, new wave, blue-eyed soul, synthpop
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter, musician
- **years active**: 1969–2015
- **label**: A&M Records, A&M, Teldec, Polydor Records, Polydor, Righteous, River, Hypertension, Cherry Red Records, Cherry Pop (Reissue label), [http://www.camino.co.uk/ Camino Records]
- **associated acts**: Bandit (rock band), Bandit, Ph.D. (band), PhD, Alexis Korner, Tony Banks (musician), Tony Banks, Steve Hackett
- **website**: [http://www.jimdiamond.co.uk www.jimdiamond.co.uk]
(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me

**"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me"** is a pop song written in the 1960s by Burt Bacharach and Hal David. The song is about breaking up with a lover and wanting to forget about them. However, something always reminds the singer of them.

The song was originally recorded by Dionne Warwick. Lou Johnson charted his version first in the summer of 1964. His version peaked at #49. Other versions of the song were by Sandie Shaw and Naked Eyes. The latter was a Top 20 single. The Naked Eyes song peaked at #8 on _Billboard_ Hot 100 in June 1983.
Bill Flores

**William H. "Bill" Flores** (born February 25, 1954) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for Texas from 2011 to 2021.

On September 5, 2019, Flores announced his intent to retire in the 2020 election cycle.

## Other websites

- Congressman Bill Flores  _official U.S. House site_
- Bill Flores for Congress

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bill Flores
- **image**: Bill Flores, Official Portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **state**: Texas
- **district**: Texas's 17th congressional district, 17th
- **term start**: January 3, 2011
- **term end**: January 3, 2021
- **preceded**: Chet Edwards
- **successor**: Pete Sessions
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **birth place**: Francis E. Warren Air Force Base
Cheyenne, Wyoming, Cheyenne, Wyoming, United States, USA
- **alma mater**: Texas A&M University<small> (Bachelor of Science, B.S.)</small>
Houston Baptist University<small> (M.B.A.)</small>
- **profession**: Retired oil & natural gas executive
- **spouse**: Gina Flores
- **children**: Will and John Flores
- **residence**: Bryan, Texas
Darrell Issa

**Darrell Edward Issa** (; born November 1, 1953) is an American businessman and politician. He is the U.S. Representative for California's 50th congressional district since 2021. Before, he was the Republican U.S. Representative for California's 49th congressional district, from 2001 to 2019.

In January 2018, Issa announced his retirement from Congress. On September 19, 2018, President Donald Trump nominated Issa as Director of the United States Trade and Development Agency.

On September 26, 2019, Issa announced that he was running for California's 50th congressional district in the 2020 election. He won the general election in November 2020.

## Other websites

- U.S. Congressman Darrell Issa  _official U.S. House site_
- Darrell Issa for U.S. Congressman _official campaign site_
- Capitol Assets personal finance  at _The Washington Post_
- Directed Electronics

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Darrell Issa
- **image**: Darrell Issa 117th Congress.jpg
- **office**: Member of the
United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives
from California
- **term start**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor**: Duncan D. Hunter
- **term start1**: January 3, 2001
- **term end1**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Ron Packard
- **successor1**: Mike Levin
- **constituency1**: (2001–2003)
 (2003–2019)
- **office2**: Chair of the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House Oversight Committee
- **term start2**: January 3, 2011
- **term end2**: January 3, 2015
- **predecessor2**: Edolphus Towns
- **successor2**: Jason Chaffetz
- **birth name**: Darrell Edward Issa
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Kathy Stanton
- **children**: 1
- **education**: Siena Heights University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
- **net worth**: $436.5 millon (est. 2014)
- **signature**: Darrell Edward Issa signature.svg
- **signature alt**: Darrell Issa
- **serviceyears**: 1970–1972
1976–1980
- **rank**:  Captain (United States), Captain
Lynn Westmoreland

**Leon Acton** "**Lynn**" **Westmoreland** (born April 2, 1950) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for Georgia, serving from 2007 through 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. He previously represented Georgia's 8th congressional district from 2005 to 2007.

## Other websites

- Congressman Lynn A. Westmoreland  official U.S. House site
- Lynn Westmoreland for Congress

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lynn Westmoreland
- **image**: Lynn Westmoreland Official.jpg
- **state**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **term start**: January 3, 2007
- **term end**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor**: Jim Marshall (Georgia politician), Jim Marshall
- **successor**: Drew Ferguson (politician), Drew Ferguson
- **state1**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **term start1**: January 3, 2005
- **term end1**: January 3, 2007
- **predecessor1**: Mac Collins
- **successor1**: Jim Marshall (Georgia politician), Jim Marshall
- **birth name**: Leon Acton Westmoreland
- **birth place**: Atlanta, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, United States
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Joan Westmoreland
- **alma mater**: Georgia State University
Mike Conaway

**Kenneth Michael Conaway**, known as **Mike Conaway** (born June 11, 1948), is the U.S. Representative for Texas, serving since 2005. He is a member of the Republican Party.

## Other websites

- Congressman Mike Conaway  official U.S. House site
- Mike Conaway for Congress
- Profile  at the _Texas Tribune_
- Mike Conaway - Lessons Learned at Odessa Permian  Five Part Series
- Profile  at SourceWatch

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mike Conaway
- **image**: Mike Conaway, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
- **office**: Ranking Member of the United States House Committee on Agriculture, House Agriculture Committee
- **term start**: January 3, 2019
- **term end**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor**: Collin Peterson
- **successor**: Glenn Thompson (politician), Glenn Thompson
- **office1**: Chair of the United States House Committee on Agriculture, House Agriculture Committee
- **term start1**: January 3, 2015
- **term end1**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician), Frank Lucas
- **successor1**: Collin Peterson
- **office2**: Chair of the United States House Committee on Ethics, House Ethics Committee
- **term start2**: January 3, 2013
- **term end2**: January 3, 2015
- **predecessor2**: Jo Bonner
- **successor2**: Charlie Dent
- **state3**: Texas
- **term start3**: January 3, 2005
- **term end3**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor3**: Constituency established
- **successor3**: August Pfluger
- **birth name**: Kenneth Michael Conaway
- **birth place**: Borger, Texas, Borger, Texas, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Suzanne Kidwell (1991–present)
- **education**: Texas A&M University–Commerce (Bachelor of Business Administration, BBA)
- **serviceyears**: 1970–1972
- **rank**: Specialist (rank), Specialist 5
- **mawards**: Commendation Medal, Army Commendation Medal
Dave Reichert

**David George "Dave" Reichert** (; born August 29, 1950) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for Washington's 8th district serving from 2005 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.

In June 2023, Reichert filed paperwork to run for Governor of Washington in 2024. He lost the election to state attorney general Bob Ferguson in November 2024.

## Other websites

- Congressman Dave Reichert  official U.S. House site
- Dave Reichert for Congress
- Capture of The Green River Killer Mini-Series

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dave Reichert
- **image**: Dave Reichert, Official Portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **state**: Washington (U.S. state), Washington
- **term start**: January 3, 2005
- **term end**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor**: Jennifer Dunn (politician), Jennifer Dunn
- **successor**: Kim Schrier
- **birthname**: David George Reichert
- **birth place**: Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Julie Reichert
- **children**: Angela
Tabitha
Daniel
- **alma mater**: Concordia University (Oregon), Concordia University, Oregon
- **unit**:  Air Force Reserve Command, U.S. Air Force Reserve
- **serviceyears**: 1971–1976
James Corden

**James Kimberley Corden** OBE (born 22 August 1978) is an English actor, comedian, producer, writer and television host. He  hosts the late-night television talk show _The Late Late Show with James Corden_ on CBS, replacing _The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson_, hosted by Craig Ferguson.

In 2018, Corden voiced Peter Rabbit in the 2018 live-action/animated movie _Peter Rabbit_ and _The Bluey Movie was the friend Lucky Heeler_.

Corden lives in Los Angeles, California with his family. He also has a home in Belsize Park, London.

## Infobox (comedian)

- **embed**: yes
- **medium**: Film, television, theatre
- **genre**: Satire/political satire/news satire, observational comedy, sketch comedy
- **subject**: American politics, Politics of England, English politics, American culture, Culture of England, English culture, current events, pop culture, mass media/news media
- **influences**: Graham Norton, Chris Evans (presenter), Chris Evans, Jonathan Ross, Conan O'Brien, David Letterman, Stephen Colbert


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: James Corden
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, OBE
- **image**: James Corden at 2015 PaleyFest.jpg
- **caption**: Corden at the 2015 PaleyFest
- **birthname**: James Kimberley Corden
- **birth place**: London Borough of Hillingdon, Hillingdon, London, England
- **occupation**: Actor, comedian, producer, writer, television host
- **yearsactive**: 1995–present
- **children**: 3
- **nationality**: English people, English
- **education**: Holmer Green Senior School, Holmer Green Upper School
John Kline

**John Paul Kline, Jr.** (born September 6, 1947) is an American politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from  from 2003 to 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Kline was the Chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.

## Other websites

- Congressman John Kline  official U.S. House site
- John Kline for Congress
- Profile  at SourceWatch
- Campaign 2006: John Kline profile from _Minnesota Public Radio_

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Kline
- **image**: Johnkline.jpg
- **office**: Chairman of the United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce, House Education Committee
- **term start**: January 3, 2011
- **term end**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor**: George Miller (California politician), George Miller
- **successor**: Virginia Foxx
- **state1**: Minnesota
- **term start1**: January 3, 2003
- **term end1**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Mark Kennedy (politician), Mark Kennedy
- **successor1**: Jason Lewis (Minnesota politician), Jason Lewis
- **birth name**: John Paul Kline, Jr.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Christine Lewis
Vicky May Sheldon
- **children**: Kathy
Dan
- **alma mater**: Rice University
Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg University
- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1969–1994
- **rank**: Colonel (United States), Colonel
- **battles**: Vietnam War
Unified Task Force, Operation Restore Hope
- **awards**: Legion of Merit
Meritorious Service Medal (United States), Meritorious Service Medal
Defense Superior Service Medal
Vietnam Service Medal (3)
Vietnam Campaign Medal
Presidential Service Badge
Commendation Medal, Navy Commendation Medal
Shaggy (singer)

**Orville Richard Burrell** CD (born October 22, 1968), better known by his stage name **Shaggy**, is a Jamaican reggae fusion rapper/singer and deejay. He is best known for his hit singles "Boombastic", "It Wasn't Me", "Hey Sexy Lady", and "Angel".

## Early life and education

Burrell was born on October 22, 1968 in Kingston, Jamaica. At the age of 18, he and his family moved to the Flatbush area of Brooklyn, New York. In 1987, he took singing courses in Brooklyn and was discovered a year later, while singing in the streets with friends.

## Military career

Shaggy was also in the United States Marine Corps and got the MOS of 0811 (field artillery cannon crewman). Shaggy served with a firing battery from the 10th Marine Regiment during the Gulf War. Shaggy worked on his signature singing voice in the Marine Corps and it is also where he got the idea for his song "Boombastic".

## Discography

- _Pure Pleasure_ (1993)
- _Original Doberman_ (1994)
- _Boombastic_ (1995)
- _Midnite Lover_ (1997)
- _Hot Shot_ (2000)
- _Lucky Day_ (2002)
- _Clothes Drop_ (2005)
- _Intoxication_ (2007)
- _Shaggy & Friends_ (2011)
- _Summer in Kingston_ (2011)
- _Rise_ (2012)
- _Out of Many, One Music_ (2013)
- _Wah Gwaan?!_ (2019)
- _Hot Shot 2020_ (2020)
- _Com Fly Wid Mi_ (2022)
- _In the Mood_ (2023)

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **embed title**: Military career
- **serviceyears**: 1988–1992
- **rank**: Lance corporal
- **battles**: Gulf War


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **origin**: New York City, U.S.
- **instruments**: Vocals


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Shaggy
- **image**: Shaggy at the Capitals All Caps playoff Concert 2018.jpg
- **caption**: Shaggy performing in 2018
- **birth name**: Orville Richard Burrell
- **birth place**: Kingston, Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **children**: 5, including Robb Banks
Pure Pleasure

***Pure Pleasure*** is the debut album released by Jamaican singer Shaggy. The album was released on August 24, 1993.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Pure Pleasure
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Shaggy (singer), Shaggy
- **released**: August 24, 1993
- **recorded**: 1993
- **length**: 60:02
- **label**: Virgin Records
- **producer**: O.Burell
- **next title**: Original Doberman
- **next year**: 1994
American Oxygen

"**American Oxygen**" is a song recorded by Rihanna.  It was supposed to be from her eighth studio album _Anti_ (2010), but the song was later released by itself. It was written by Alex da Kid, Candice Pillay, Sam Harris and Rihanna; Alex da Kid and Kanye West produced it.

## Background

The writing of the song began in 2014, and it continued into 2015. Sam Harris who wrote the song felt that Rihanna would be good to sing it as she originally was a black female immigrant in America. He was also "choked up" when he heard Rihanna sing it as he idolized her.

### Weekly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2015)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|65||||
|16||||
|align="center"|51|||
|align="center"|27|||

### Year-end charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2015)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|52|||
|style="text-align:center;"|189|||

## Release history

|scope="col"|Country|scope="col"|Date|scope="col"|Format|scope="col"|Label|scope="col"||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="8"|April 14, 2015|rowspan="10"|Digital download|rowspan="12"||||||
|rowspan="2"|April 16, 2015|||||||||
|April 20, 2015|Hot/Modern/AC radio|||||||||
|April 21, 2015|Contemporary hit radio|||||||||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: American Oxygen
- **border**: yes
- **artist**: Rihanna
- **recorded**: 2014–2015
- **chronology**: Rihanna singles
- **prev title**: Bitch Better Have My Money
- **prev year**: 2015
- **next title**: Work (Rihanna song), Work
- **next year**: 2016
Wait Your Turn

"**Wait Your Turn**" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her fourth studio album, _Rated R_ (2009). It was written by Mikkel S. Eriksen, Tor Erik Hermansen, Saul Milton, Will Kennard, James Fauntleroy II, Takura Tendayi, and Rihanna herself. Stargate (Eriksen and Hermansen) and Chase & Status (Milton and Kennard) produced the song.

## Release history

|style="width:130px;" scope="col"|Region|style="width:120px;" scope="col"|Date|style="width:120px;" scope="col"|Format|style="width:120px;" scope="col"|Label|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="9"|November 13, 2009|rowspan="9"|Digital download|rowspan="9"|Def Jam Recordings|||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Wait Your Turn
- **border**: yes
- **artist**: Rihanna
- **album**: Rated R (Rihanna album), Rated R
- **recorded**: 2009; Metropolis Group, Metropolis Studios (London, England)
- **prev title**: Hard (Rihanna song), Hard
- **prev year**: 2009
- **next title**: Rude Boy (Rihanna song), Rude Boy
- **next year**: 2010
Uncle B

***Uncle B*** is the debut studio album by English hip hop group N-Dubz. The album is dedicated to N-Dubz's first manager and father of Dappy, Byron Contostavlos. He died shortly before the band were signed to their second record label All Around the World. The album was released 17 November 2008. This is even though the group started recording it in 2006. The delay was because to the group changing record label from LRC to All Around the World.

## Charts

|Chart|Peak position|Certification(s)||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="left"|Irish Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|36|align="left"||
|align="left"|UK Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|11|Platinum||

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Uncle B
- **type**: Studio album
- **artist**: N-Dubz
- **released**: November 17, 2008
- **recorded**: 2004-2008
- **length**: 58:10
- **label**: All Around the World Productions, All Around the World
- **producer**: *Richard Rawson, Fazer
*Dappy
*Kane Robinson
*Jack Freegard
*Mazer
*Navid Nourizadeh
*Beat Freaks
- **next title**: Against All Odds (N-Dubz album), Against All Odds
- **next year**: 2009
David Perron

**David Perron** (born May 28, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He currently plays for the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Vegas Golden Knights, Pittsburgh Penguins, Anaheim Ducks and Edmonton Oilers.

## Career

Before playing in the NHL, Perron played 1 season with the St-Jérôme Panthers of the Quebec Junior AAA Hockey League (QJAHL) and 1 season with the Lewiston Maineiacs of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). During his time with the Maineiacs, he was the leading scorer and scored 39 goals and 83 points. The team was able to win the President's Cup and also competed in the Memorial Cup. He was drafted 26th overall by the St. Louis Blues in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.

On October 2, 2007, the Blues decided to add Perron to the roster after he had an impressive training camp. On November 3, 2007, he scored his first NHL goal against the Chicago Blackhawks in a 3-2 loss. On July 21, 2010, the Blues re-signed Perron to a two-year $4.3 million contract. He only played 57 games during the 2011–12 NHL season because of an injury. On July 5, 2012, he signed a four-year, $15.25 million contract with the Blues.

On July 10, 2013, the Blues traded Perron to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for Magnus Pääjärvi and a 2014 second-round draft pick. He played 116 games in 2 seasons with Oilers.

On January 2, 2015, the Oilers traded Perron to the Pittsburgh Penguins in exchange for Rob Klinkhammer and a first-round pick.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: David Perron
- **image**: David Perron.png
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Perron with the Vegas Golden Knights in 2018
- **birth place**: Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 200
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left Wing
- **shoots**: Right
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **team**: St. Louis Blues
- **former teams**: Edmonton Oilers
Pittsburgh Penguins
Anaheim Ducks
Vegas Golden Knights
- **draft**: 26th overall
- **draft year**: 2007
- **draft team**: St. Louis Blues
- **career start**: 2007
Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse

***Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse*** is the fourteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey. It was released on May 23, 2014, through Def Jam Recordings. It hit number 3 on the Billboard 200 charts for the week ending June 1, 2014. During that week 58,000 copies were sold. It was her final album on the Def Jam label.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse
- **type**: studio
- **border**: yes
- **artist**: Mariah Carey
- **recorded**: 2011–2014
- **label**: Def Jam Recordings, Def Jam
- **prev title**: The Essential Mariah Carey
(2011)
- **next title**: Number 1 to Infinity, #1 to Infinity
(2015)
Amelia Bence

**Amelia Bence** (born **María Amelia Batvinik**; 13 November 1914 – 8 February 2016) was an Argentine movie actress. She was one of the divas of the Golden Age of Argentine Cinema (1940–1960). She is known for her roles in _Los ojos más lindos del mundo_ (1943), _Todo un hombre_, _Camino del infierno_ (1946), _A sangre fría_ (1947), _La otra y yo_ (1949) and  _Danza del fuego_ (1949).

Bence was born in Buenos Aires. She was Jewish. Bence died on 8 February 2016 in Buenos Aires from congestive heart failure at the age of 101.

## Other websites

- Profile of Amelia Bence , cinenacional.com
Guido Gorgatti

**Guido Gorgatti** (5 December 1919 – 11 May 2023) was an Italian-born Argentine movie and television actor. His career began in 1935. Gorgatti is known for his roles in _Somos todos inquilinos_ (1954), _El Gaucho_ (1964) and _Mingo y Aníbal contra los fantasmas_ (1985).

Gorgatti was born in Rovigo, Italy. He was raised in Buenos Aires. Gorgatti turned 100 in December 2019, and died on 11 May 2023 in Buenos Aires at the age of 103.
Tony Rafty

**Tony Rafty** (born **Anthony Raftopoulos**; 12 October 1915 –  9 October 2015) was an Australian artist. He specialized in drawing caricatures. He sketched sportsmen and women at every Olympic Games from 1948 (in London) to 1996 (in Atlanta).

Rafty was born in Paddington, New South Wales, Australia. His parents were Greek immigrants.

In 1981 Rafty became the world’s first caricaturist to have subjects appear on national stamps, with caricatures of sportsmen Victor Trumper http://www.australianstamp.com/images/large/0013200.jpg , Walter Lindrum http://www.australianstamp.com/images/large/0013220.jpg , Sir Norman Brookes http://www.australianstamp.com/images/large/0013210.jpg  and Darby Munro http://www.australianstamp.com/images/large/0013190.jpg  appearing on stamps issued by Australian Post.

Rafty died on 9 October 2015 in Sydney, Australia from complications of pneumonia, three days before his 100th birthday.

## Other websites

- "Tony Rafty: Caricaturist and Australian National Treasure" by Greg Tingle
- Design and Art Australia Online
- Biographical notes

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Tony Rafty
- **image**: P00968.001.jpg
- **caption**: Rafty in 1944, during his service with the Australian Army as an official war artist
- **birth name**: Anthony Raftopoulos
- **birth place**: Paddington, New South Wales, Paddington, Sydney, Australia
- **death place**: Sydney, Australia
- **nationality**: Australian
- **style**: Caricature
Steve Mackay

**Steve Mackay** (September 25, 1949 – October 11, 2015) was an American tenor saxophone player. He was best known for performing with The Stooges. His most famous songs are in the Stooges' second album _Fun House_. Mackay was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Mackay died in Daly City, California from sepsis at the age of 66.

## Other websites

- Steve Mackay Official website
The Land of Gorch

***The Land of Gorch*** is a series of stories in episodes from the first season of the comedy television show _Saturday Night Live_. It was special because it included Jim Henson's Muppets. Before he worked on _Sesame Street_, Henson had made his puppet characters for a more adult audience, including his show _Sam and Friends_. His characters were regular appearances on the late-night-comedy television shows including _The Ed Sullivan Show_. After _Sesame Street_, Henson was afraid that he would only be able to get work in the future on children's television series. His friend and advisor Bernie Brillstein, who also represented Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, and John Belushi, helped him move over from his prior work to _Saturday Night Live_.

The idea behind _The Land of Gorch_ was that it had Muppet characters in a far-away place, who were members of a royal family. They behaved rudely, with many references to drug abuse, sex, and drinking alcohol. Characters included King Ploobis and Queen Peutra and children, and servants Scred and Vazh. These characters often spoke to their wise prophet Mighty Favog for advice.

The staff of _Saturday Night Live_ disagreed with Henson's ideas. Writers Michael O'Donoghue, Alan Zweibel, and Al Franken often tried to avoid writing the weekly sketches involving _The Land of Gorch_. Henson felt they were trying to write for situational comedy and were not keeping true to his own ideas. Frank Oz agreed in the end that the match was not perfect between _Saturday Night Live_ and _The Land of Gorch_, and was thankful that by the end of the year he and Henson were able to move on to _The Muppet Show_.

## Influence and reviews

_The Land of Gorch_ influenced many later creations by Jim Henson. His feature film _The Dark Crystal_ used both puppetry techniques and story ideas from the sketches. The Jim Henson Company television show _Dinosaurs_ later contained similar story ideas previously seen in _The Land of Gorch_, including a plot-line about environmentalism.

Commentators talking about _The Land of Gorch_ agreed that the reception was bad — _The A.V. Club_ wrote that it became an open joke between the staff that no one wanted to continue having the sketches on _Saturday Night Live_. _San Francisco Chronicle_ called the characters the opposite of Kermit the Frog, and compared them to trolls. _DVD Talk_ called the feature the worst mistake made in the first season of the _Saturday Night Live_. _Vogue_ described the characters as early versions of Muppets and the world they inhabited as quite dark. Academic Michael J. Bernsten wrote in his essay "The Muppetry of Nightmares" that the idea failed because the characters were not funny and did not have strong values.

## Other websites

- The Land of Gorch at Muppet Wiki
Gareth

**Gareth** was one of the Knights of the Round Table in King Arthur's Court. In Sir Thomas Mallory's classic story, _Le Morte D'Arthur_ ( French for "the death of Arthur"), Gareth is given the nickname of "Beaumains" by Sir Kay. After one year, Gareth revealed his identity as Sir Gawain's brother and went on a quest as a gift from Arthur.

He was named a knight by Sir Lancelot after a jousting and sword fighting challenge. He dies in the same story, which is the last in the series.
UTC+08:30

**UTC+08:30** is the timezone in places below.  The time is 8.5 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time.

## Past use

South Korea used this time zone from 1954 to 1961. North Korea used it from 2015 to 2018.
Yabby

**Yabby** or  **Yabbie** is a name given in Australia to two different kinds of crustacean.
1. A freshwater yabby is a crayfish of the genus _Cherax_.  They are often caught for food. They are found in dams, ponds, lakes and rivers in Australia's Eastern States.
1. A marine yabby is a ghost shrimp, which lives in deep burrows in the intertidal zone. They are used as bait for fishing, especially in Queensland and northern New South Wales. A common species in south-eastern Australia is the Bass yabby, _Trypaea australiensis_.
The Return (Bathory album)

***The Return*** (the full name is ***The Return of the Darkness and Evil***; sometimes called ***The Return......***) is the second studio album released by the Swedish extreme metal Bathory. It was released on vinyl on 27 May 1985, through Combat Records. The album was very important in the death metal and black metal scene.

## People

- Quorthon – Guitars, Vocals, Additional Bass Guitar, Album Cover Design, album back and front cover photography, production, recording, mixing
- Andreas Johansson – bass guitar, album back and front cover photography
- Stefan Larsson – drums, album back and front cover photography
- Gunnar Silins – album back and front cover photography

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Return……
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Bathory (band), Bathory
- **released**: 27 May 1985
- **recorded**: February 1985
- **studio**: Electra Studios in Stockholm, Sweden
- **genre**: Black metal
- **length**: 36:41
- **label**: Black Mark/Tyfon <small>(Sweden)</small>
Combat Records, Combat <small>(US)</small>
- **producer**: Quorthon, The Boss
- **prev title**: Bathory (album), Bathory
(1984)
- **next title**: Under the Sign of the Black Mark
(1987)
Plant hormone

**Plant hormones** (or **Phytohormones**) are chemicals that regulate plant growth. In the UK they are called 'plant growth substances'. The best known plant hormone is auxin.

Plant hormones are signal molecules produced within the plant. They occur in extremely low concentrations. Hormones regulate cellular processes in targeted cells. Hormones also govern the formation of flowers, stems, leaves, the shedding of leaves, and the development and ripening of fruit.

Plants, unlike animals, lack glands that produce and secrete hormones.  Individual cells can produce hormones. They affect which tissues grow upward and which grow downward, leaf formation and stem growth, fruit development and ripening, plant longevity, and even plant death. Hormones are vital to plant growth, and, lacking them, plants would be mostly a mass of undifferentiated cells. So they are also known as growth factors or growth hormones.

Phytohormones are found not only in higher plants, but in algae too, with similar functions. They also occur in fungi and bacteria, where they may be used to induce beneficial reactions in host plants.
Auxin

**Auxins** are a class of plant hormones (or plant growth substances) with some morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins have a main role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle. they are essential for plant body development.

Auxins and their role in plant growth were first described by the Dutch scientist Frits Warmolt Went. Kenneth V. Thimann isolated auxin and found its chemical structure to be **indole-3-acetic acid** (IAA). Went and Thimann co-authored a book on plant hormones, _Phytohormones_, in 1937.

There are synthetic auxins, and in big doses they can be used as herbicides. Agent Orange is a mixture of synthetic auxins.
Muse (Grace Jones album)

***Muse*** is the third studio album by Jamaican singer Grace Jones. The album was released in September 4, 1979 by Island Records.

## Background

_Muse_ was the last of Jones's disco and R&B albums that was recorded with producer Tom Moulton. Her first album to feature that sound was with her debut _Portfolio_ (1977). After _Muse_ Jones moved on to making reggae and electronica sounding albums in the 1980s.

### Side A

1. "Sinning" <small>(Grace Jones, Pierre Papadiamandis)</small> – 5:06
1. "Suffer" <small>(Tom Moulton, Thor Baldursson)</small> – 4:17
1. "Repentance (Forgive Me)" <small>(Grace Jones, Pierre Papadiamandis)</small> – 3:50
1. "Saved" <small>(Jack Robinson, James Bolden, Vivienne Savoie Robinson)</small> – 7:13

### Side B

1. "Atlantic City Gambler" <small>(Tom Moulton, Duke Williams)</small> – 5:46
1. "I'll Find My Way to You" <small>(Stelvio Cipriani, Hal Shaper)</small> – 5:14
1. "Don't Mess with the Messer" <small>(Grace Jones, Pierre Papadiamandis)</small> – 4:50
1. "On Your Knees" <small>(D.C. LaRue, Jerry Corbetta)</small> – 6:30

## Personnel

- Thor Baldursson - guest vocals, keyboards, arrangements
- Carla Benson - background vocals
- Keith Benson - drums
- Evette Benton - background vocals
- Richard Bernstein - artwork design
- Eve Boman - photography
- Carl Davis - arrangements
- Carl Helm - background vocals
- Phil Hurt - background vocals
- Barbara Ingram - background vocals
- Grace Jones - lead vocals
- Francis Jug - artwork design
- Tom Moulton - production
- Don Renaldo - strings, horns
- José Rodriguez - mastering
- Craig Snyder - guitar
- Arthur Stoppe - mixing
- Sweethearts of Sigma - background vocals
- Neil Terk - art direction
- Ron Tyson - background vocals
- Jim Walker - percussion
- Larry Washington - percussion
- Jimmy Williams - bass guitar

## Chart performance

|align="left"|Chart|align="left"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="left"|Sweden|align="center"|22|
|align="left"|United States|align="center"|156|

## Release history

|align="center"|Region|align="center"|Year|align="center"|Format(s)|align="center"|Label|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="left"|Worldwide|align="left"|1979|align="left"|LP/Cassette|align="left"|Island|
|align="left"|USA|align="left"|2011|align="left"|CD|align="left"|Gold Legion|
|align="left"|USA|align="left"|2014|align="left"|CD|align="left"|Island Records|

## Other websites

- _Muse_ on Discogs
- _Muse_ on Rate Your Music

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Muse
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Grace Jones
- **released**: September 4, 1979
- **recorded**: 1976-1979
- **length**: 42:36
- **label**: Island Records, Island
- **producer**: Tom Moulton
- **prev title**: Fame (Grace Jones album), Fame
- **prev year**: 1978
- **next title**: Warm Leatherette (Grace Jones album), Warm Leatherette
- **next year**: 1980
Warm Leatherette (Grace Jones album)

***Warm Leatherette*** is the fourth studio album by Jamaican singer Grace Jones. The album was released on 9 May 1980 through Island Records.

## Background

For the album Jones worked with reggae producers Sly and Robbie. The album is different from Jones' first three albums as they were mainly disco and R&B. This album had reggae and electronica sounds. Chris Blackwell planned to make a record with "a harsh sound that was heavy with Jamaican rhythm".

### LP release

**Side A**
1. "Warm Leatherette" <small>(Daniel Miller)</small> – 4:25
1. "Private Life" <small>(Chrissie Hynde)</small> – 5:10
1. "A Rolling Stone" <small>(Deniece Williams, Fritz Baskett, Grace Jones)</small> – 3:30
1. "Love Is the Drug" <small>(Bryan Ferry, Andy Mackay)</small> – 7:15

**Side B**
1. "The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game" <small>(Smokey Robinson)</small> – 3:50
1. "Bullshit" <small>(Barry Reynolds)</small> – 5:20
1. "Breakdown" <small>(Tom Petty)</small> – 5:30
1. "Pars" <small>(Jacques Higelin)</small> – 4:05

### CD and cassette release

1. "Warm Leatherette" <small>(Daniel Miller)</small> – 5:38
1. "Private Life" <small>(Chrissie Hynde)</small> – 6:19
1. "A Rolling Stone" <small>(Deniece Williams, Fritz Baskett, Grace Jones)</small> – 3:30
1. "Love Is the Drug" <small>(Bryan Ferry, Andy Mackay)</small> – 8:41
1. "The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game" <small>(Smokey Robinson)</small> – 6:45
1. "Bullshit" <small>(Barry Reynolds)</small> – 5:20
1. "Breakdown" <small>(Tom Petty)</small> – 5:30
1. "Pars" <small>(Jacques Higelin)</small> – 4:44

## Personnel

- Wally Badarou – keyboards
- Chris Blackwell – production, engineering, mixing
- Mikey Chung – guitar
- Sly Dunbar – drums
- Jean-Paul Goude – artwork
- Grace Jones – vocals, background vocals
- Barry Reynolds – guitar
- Alex Sadkin – production, engineering, mixing
- Robbie Shakespeare – bass
- Kendal Stubbs – assistant engineering
- Uziah Thompson – percussion
- Ted Jensen - mastering engineer

## Chart performance

|align="left"|Chart|align="left"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Australia (Kent Music Report)|align="center"|47||
|align="left"|United Kingdom|align="center"|45|
|align="left"|United States|align="center"|132|

## Release history

|align="center"|Region|align="center"|Year|align="center"|Format(s)|align="center"|Label|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="left"|Worldwide|align="left"|1980|align="left"|LP, Cassette|align="left" rowspan="4"|Island|
|align="left"|USA|align="left"|1986|align="left" rowspan="3"|CD|||
|align="left"|Europe|align="left"|1987|||||
|align="left"|Australia|align="left"|1989|||||

## Other websites

- _Warm Leatherette_ on Discogs
- _Warm Leatherette_ on Rate Your Music

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Warm Leatherette
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Grace Jones
- **released**: May 9, 1980
- **recorded**: 1979–1980
- **length**: 39:04
- **label**: Island Records, Island
- **prev title**: Muse (Grace Jones album), Muse
- **prev year**: 1979
- **next title**: Nightclubbing (Grace Jones album), Nightclubbing
- **next year**: 1981