juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hiwi (volunteer)

**Hilfswilliger** (often shortened to **Hiwi**, translates as 'volunteer') was the name for people that Germany recruited in occupied territories during the Second World War. These people then helped German troops or they fought alongside German troops. Note that many of these people were not really volunteers, but they helped because it improved their situation.

After the war, the term was also used in different contexts, which are unrelated to the description above.In most cases, these were used for different kinds of research assistants at universities.
Virtus Entella

**Virtus Entella** is an Italian football club from Chiavari, that plays in Serie B.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Entella
- **image**: Logo Entella 1935.gif
- **fullname**: Virtus Entella
- **nickname**: Diavoli neri (Black devils)
- **founded**: 1914
- **ground**: Stadium Enrico Sannazzari
- **capacity**: 5,587
- **chairman**: Antonio Gozzi
- **manager**: Andrea Chiappella
- **league**: Serie B
- **season**: Serie C 2024-2025, 2024-2025
- **position**: 1st (group B)
- **current**: 2025-2026 Virtus Entella season
Chiavari

**Chiavari** is a seaside town in the Liguria region in Italy. It is in the Metropolitan City of Genoa. About 27,000 people live there.
Corvino San Quirico

**Corvino San Quirico** is a _comune_ in the Province of Pavia in the Lombardy region in Italy.

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: Corvino San Quirico
- **official name**: Comune di Corvino San Quirico
- **image skyline**: Corvino, il castello - panoramio.jpg
- **image shield**: Corvino San Quirico-Stemma.svg
- **region**: Lombardy
- **province**: Province of Pavia, Pavia (PV)
- **area total km2**: 4.37
- **population total**: 1084
- **population as of**: Dec. 2004
- **elevation m**: 218
- **postal code**: 27050
- **area code**: 0383
Sigurður Eggerz

**Sigurður Eggerz** (1 March 1875 – 16 November 1945) was minister for Iceland from 21 July 1914 to 4 May 1915, and prime minister of Iceland from 7 March 1922 to 22 March 1924.

## Career

He was a member of Alþingi from 1911 to 1915, 1916 to 1926 and 1927 to 1931. He was minister of Finance of Iceland from 1917 to 1920. He served as speaker of the Althing in 1922. He was one of the politicians that founded the Independence Party in 1929. He graduated in laws from University of Copenhagen in 1903.

## Family

His wife was named Solveig Kristjánsdóttir, and they had two children: Erna and Kristján Pétur. Kristján Pétur Eggerz entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where he served in various diplomatic posts, including as Ambassador to Germany, before retiring to Iceland and becoming a bestselling author. His granddaughter, is author Sólveig Eggerz.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sigurður Eggerz
- **image**: Sigurður Eggerz.jpg
- **office1**: 4th Minister for Iceland
- **term start1**: 7 March 1922
- **term end1**: 22 March 1924
- **monarch1**: Christian X of Denmark, Christian X
- **predecessor1**: Jón Magnússon (politician), Jón Magnússon
- **successor1**: Jón Magnússon (politician), Jón Magnússon
- **term start2**: 21 July 1914
- **term end2**: 4 May 1915
- **monarch2**: Christian X of Denmark, Christian X
- **predecessor2**: Hannes Hafstein
- **successor2**: Einar Arnórsson
- **birth date**: 1 March 1875
- **birth place**: Borðeyri, Iceland
- **death date**: 16 November 1945 (aged 70)
- **death place**: Reykjavík, Iceland
- **party**: Independence Party (Iceland), Independence Party
- **spouse**: Solveig Kristjánsdóttir
- **children**: 2
Denio, Nevada

**Denio** is a census-designated place besides both sides of Humboldt County, Nevada and Harney County, Oregon. It was founded in 1888. As of the 2020 United States census, 34 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Denio, Nevada
- **settlement type**: Census-designated place
- **image skyline**: 2014-07-06 14 51 51 View of Denio, Nevada from Harney County Route 201 (Fields-Denio Road) a half mile north of the Oregon border.JPG
- **pushpin map**: USA Nevada#USA
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin label**: Denio
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, States
- **subdivision name1**: Nevada (CDP)
Oregon (outside CDP)
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Nevada, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Humboldt County, Nevada, Humboldt (CDP)
Harney County, Oregon, Harney (outside CDP)
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.19
- **area land km2**: 1.19
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 34
- **population density km2**: 28.65
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific (PST)
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **elevation ft**: 4206
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 89404
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 32-18500
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 845425
- **area total sq mi**: 0.46
- **area land sq mi**: 0.46
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population density sq mi**: 74.24
Raymond Destin

**Raymond Destin** (14 February 1946 – 1 June 2025) was a Martiniquais football manager. He was the first manager to coach the Martinique national team at the CONCACAF Gold Cup.

Destin died on 1 June 2025, at the age of 79.

## Honours

- Martinique
- Caribbean Cup: 1993

- RC Rivière-Pilote
- Coupe de la Martinique finalist: 2002

## Other websites

- Profile at Soccerpunter.com

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Raymond Destin
- **birth place**: Le Vauclin, Martinique
- **death place**: Le Lamentin, Martinique
- **manageryears1**: 1993
- **managerclubs1**: Martinique national football team, Martinique
- **manageryears2**: 2002
- **managerclubs2**: RC Rivière-Pilote
Thierry Tinmar

**Thierry Tinmar** (born 19 May 1963) is a former Martiniquais footballer and manager.  As a footballer, he played as a centre-back for Paris Saint-Germain, Laval, and Red Star in France. He was also capped four times for Martinique, and played for them at the 1993 Caribbean Cup and the 1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

As a manager, he coached New Star de Ducos in the Martinique Championnat National between January and December 2017.

## International goals

|scope="col"|No.|scope="col"|Cap|scope="col"|Date|scope="col"|Venue|scope="col"|Opponent|scope="col"|Score|scope="col"|Result|scope="col"|Competition|class="unsortable" scope="col"||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="center"|1|align="center"|3|18 July 1993|Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico||align="center"|1–1|align="center"|3–1|1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup|align="center"||||||

## Honours

- Paris Saint-Germain
- Coupe de France runner-up: 1984–85

- Martinique
- Caribbean Cup: 1993

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Thierry Tinmar
- **birth place**: Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
- **height**: 1.80 m
- **position**: Centre-back
- **youthyears1**: –1984
- **youthclubs1**: Paris Saint-Germain Academy, Paris Saint-Germain
- **years1**: 1984–1985
- **clubs1**: Paris Saint-Germain F.C., Paris Saint-Germain
- **caps1**: 16
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 1985–1986
- **clubs2**: → Stade Lavallois, Laval (loan)
- **caps2**: 3
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1986–1987
- **clubs3**: Red Star F.C., Red Star
- **caps3**: 25
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1988–1989
- **clubs4**: LB Châteauroux, Châteauroux
- **years5**: 1989–1993
- **clubs5**: Club Franciscain
- **nationalyears1**: 1993
- **nationalteam1**: Martinique national football team, Martinique
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
- **manageryears1**: 2017
- **managerclubs1**: New Star de Ducos
Order 66

**Order 66** was a secret command given in the Star Wars universe. It activated a mind control chip planted in the heads of the Clone army and ordered the execution of all Jedi. The order was activated by Chancellor Palpatine, who was secretly the Sith Lord Darth Sidious. Most of the Jedi across the galaxy suffered extermination, leading to the end of the Jedi Order. This allowed Palpatine to turn the Galactic Republic into the Galactic Empire.

Very few Jedi survived Order 66. Notable examples include Obi-Wan Kenobi, Yoda, Ahsoka Tano, Grogu, and Cal Kestis.
Šuperstacja

**Šuperstacja** (Šuperstace) is a Czech television station broadcast since 2006. It belongs to Czech Media Group, one of the Czech Republic's private media groups. The company manages and oversees several commercial channels, investing in entertainment and information for young and middle-aged viewers. The owner maintains a modern character of the station, both in terms of visuals and programming.

## Program List

- ŠuperNews – news from Czech Republic and around the world. The program also includes FastNews – a quick overview of events with commentary.
- Weather – the presenter presents the weather forecast for the current and next day.
- Sport w Šuperstacja – a sports magazine. The program is hosted alternately by Tomasz Zimiński and Małgorzata Chodkowska.
- Tok Szol – hosts: Wojciech Jagielski or Katarzyna Pakosińska talk with guests invited to the studio, mainly on light, easy and pleasant topics.
- ŠuperHistorie. Secrets of the Past – a popular science program hosted by Łukasz Kazek, presenting secrets hidden by people, unsolved mysteries from the past, 20th-century witnesses, secret research projects of the Third Reich, hidden deposits, and unknown testimonies of history.
- Reporters' Magazine: Interventions – Hosted by Agnieszka Ludwisiak-Wypior, the program presents reports that address intervention issues.
- From the World – This program presents important global events in an accessible and engaging way. Host Katarzyna Chojnowska also speaks with experts who comment on current events.
- ŠuperInterventions – ordinary people face bureaucracy, the heartlessness of institutions and the challenges of fate.
- ŠuperGwiazdy – a showbiz program. Host Paulina Koziejowska appears in the Šuperstacja studio and interviews guests. The program also features the series (Here Are the Stars), in which Šuperstacja reporters talk to celebrities outside the studio.
- ŠuperNews Facts and Fakes – a program in which the hosts, along with invited experts, confirmed true theories and debunked false ones.

## History

Superstacja began broadcasting in 2006. From the beginning, the station has focused on programs for young and middle-aged viewers, combining entertainment with local and international news.

## Programming

The station broadcasts a variety of entertainment programs, shows, news, thematic magazines, and news services, as well as advertising for Czech companies.

## See also

- Czech Media Group

## External links

- Official website of Šuperstacja

Kategoria:Czeskie stacje telewizyjne
Kategoria:Kanały telewizyjne założone w 2006
Kategoria:Telewizja komercyjna
Kategoria:Czeskie stacje telewizyjne
Kategoria:Kanały telewizyjne założone w 2006
Kategoria:Telewizja komercyjna

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Šuperstacja
- **logo**: Superstacja old logo.jpg
- **logo caption**: Logo used since 2 October 2006
- **country**: Czech Republic
- **area**: Nationwide
- **picture format**: SDTV, IPTV
- **owner**: Czech Media Group
- **terr chan 1**: šuperstacja.cz
- **online chan 1**: [http://šuperstacja.cz/ Watch live]
- **terr serv 2**: Television in Czech Republic#Terrestrial, Digital terrestrial television
Domingo Massaro

**Domingo Massaro Conley** (28 August 1927 – 6 March 2025) was a Chilean footballer and referee. As a footballer, he played for Chile at the 1951 Pan American Games and the 1952 Summer Olympics.

After retiring from football, he became a referee. He officiated in the Primera División de Chile, and was the referee for the second leg of the 1968 Copa Libertadores finals.

Massaro died in Santiago on 6 March 2025, at the age of 97.

## Honours

- Chile B
- Pan American Games Bronze medal: 1951

- Individual
- Best amateur football player: 1952
- Illustrious son of Iquique: 2017

## Other websites

- Referee profile at worldfootball.net

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Domingo Massaro
- **full name**: Domingo Massaro Conley
- **birth place**: Iquique, Presidential Republic (1925–1973), Chile
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Sportiva Italiana
- **years1**: 194?–1952
- **clubs1**: Sportiva Italiana
- **clubs2**: Audax Italiano
- **nationalyears1**: 1951
- **nationalteam1**: Chile national football team, Chile B
- **nationalyears2**: 1952
- **nationalteam2**: Chile Olympic football team, Chile Olympic
- **nationalcaps2**: 1
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
Luis Tirado

**Luis Norberto Tirado Gordillo** (born 4 April 1906 — 24 November 1964) was a Chilean footballer and manager. As a footballer, he played for Colo-Colo, Santiago National, Magallanes and Universidad de Chile. As a manager, he coached Colo-Colo two times, as well as Universidad de Chile and Sporting Cristal. He also coached Chile three separate times, and was the team's manager at six South American Championships and the 1952 Summer Olympics.

While playing for Universidad de Chile, he graduated as a PE teacher at the namesake university.

### Manager

- Universidad de Chile
- Primera División de Chile: 1940

- Colo-Colo
- Primera División de Chile: 1945

- Sporting Cristal
- Peruvian Primera División: 1956

- San Luis de Quillota
- Segunda División de Chile: 1958

## Other websites

- Luis Tirado at PartidosdeLaRoja

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Luis Tirado
- **image**: Luis Tirado, Estadio, 1947-12-06 (238).jpg
- **caption**: Luis Tirado, Estadio
- **fullname**: Luis Norberto Tirado Gordillo
- **birth place**: Copiapó, Chile
- **death place**: San Bernardo, Chile
- **position**: Midfielder, Centre-half
- **years1**: 1920
- **clubs1**: Tocopilla (city team)
- **years2**: 1927
- **clubs2**: Colo-Colo
- **clubs3**: Santiago National F.C., Santiago National
- **years4**: 1931
- **clubs4**: Deportes Magallanes, Magallanes
- **years5**: 1935–1936
- **clubs5**: Club Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile
- **years6**: 1938
- **clubs6**: Club Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile
- **caps6**: 1
- **goals6**: 0
- **managerclubs1**: Deportes Magallanes, Magallanes
- **manageryears1**: 1931
- **managerclubs2**: Unión Española
- **manageryears2**: 1932–1935
- **managerclubs3**: Club Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile
- **manageryears3**: 1938–1941
- **managerclubs4**: Colo-Colo
- **manageryears4**: 1944–1946
- **managerclubs5**: Club Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile
- **manageryears5**: 1946–1949
- **managerclubs6**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **manageryears6**: 1946–1949
- **managerclubs7**: Colo-Colo
- **manageryears7**: 1951
- **managerclubs8**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **manageryears8**: 1952–1953
- **managerclubs9**: CD Palestino, Palestino
- **manageryears9**: 1953
- **managerclubs10**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **manageryears10**: 1954–1956
- **managerclubs11**: Club Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile
- **manageryears11**: 1955
- **managerclubs12**: Sporting Cristal
- **manageryears12**: 1956–1958
- **managerclubs13**: San Luis de Quillota, San Luis
- **manageryears13**: 1958
- **managerclubs14**: Audax Italiano
- **manageryears14**: 1959
- **managerclubs15**: Deportes Temuco
- **manageryears15**: 1960–1963
- **managerclubs16**: Unión San Felipe
- **manageryears16**: 1964
Juan Alcántara

**Juan Victoriano Alcántara Díaz** (6 March 1920 – 7 July 2002) was a Chilean footballer. He was capped five times for Chile in 1945 and 1946, and played for them at the 1945 and 1946 South American Championships.

His younger brother, Manuel, was a footballer, who played as a forward for Carmelo y Praga and Everton de Viña del Mar.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Juan Alcántara
- **image**: Juan Alcántara, Estadio, 1944-09-22 (79) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Alcántara with Audax Italiano in 1944
- **fullname**: Juan Victoriano Alcántara Díaz
- **birth place**: Viña del Mar, Chile
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthclubs1**: Carmelo y Praga
- **years1**: 1938
- **clubs1**: Carmelo y Praga
- **years2**: 1939–1947
- **clubs2**: Audax Italiano
- **nationalteam1**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **nationalyears1**: 1945–1946
- **nationalcaps1**: 5
- **nationalgoals1**: 6
Cyrene, Libya

**Cyrene** was a city in North Africa. It was founded by the Greeks in the 7th cenrury BC. It is near Shahhat, in modern-day Lybia. Sometimes the name is spelled **Kyrene**. The region Cyrenaica is named after it. Cyrene lies on a ridge of the Jebel Akhdar uplands. The archaeological remains cover several hectares and include several monumental temples, stoas, theatres, bathhouses, churches, and palatial residences. The city is surrounded by the Necropolis of Cyrene.  Since 1982, it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city's port was Apollonia (Marsa Sousa), located about  to the north.

The city was attributed to Apollo and the legendary etymon Cyrene by the Greeks themselves. Likely, it was colonized by settlers from Thera (modern Santorini) in the late seventh century BC. It was initially ruled by a dynasty of monarchs called the Battiads, who grew rich and powerful as a result of successive waves of immigration and the export of horses and silphium, a medicinal plant. By the fifth century BC, they had expanded their control over the other cities of Cyrenaica. It became the seat of the Cyrenaics, a school of philosophy in the fourth century BC, founded by Aristippus, a disciple of Socrates. In the Hellenistic Age, the city alternated between being part of Ptolemaic Egypt and the capital of an independent kingdom. It was also an important Jewish hub. In 96 BC, it passed to the Roman Republic and became part of the province of Crete and Cyrenaica. The city was destroyed by Jewish fighters in AD 115 during the Diaspora revolt, and slowly rebuilt over the following century. Earthquakes in 262 and 365 devastated the city, but some habitation continued through the early Byzantine period and the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb in 642, after which the site was abandoned until the establishment of an Italian military base on the site in 1913. Excavations have been ongoing since that time.

## Infobox (ancient site)

- **name**: Cyrene
- **alternate name**: Kyrene
- **image**: Cyrene8.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Sanctuary of Apollo at Cyrene
- **map type**: Libya
- **relief**: yes
- **location**: Shahhat, Jabal al Akhdar, Cyrenaica, Libya
- **region**: Jebel Akhdar, Libya, Jebel Akhdar
- **type**: Settlement
- **builder**: Colonists from Santorini, Thera led by Battus I of Cyrene, Battus I
- **built**: 631 BC
- **abandoned**: 7th century AD
- **epochs**: Archaic Greece to Umayyad Caliphate
Sergio Livingstone

**Serjio Robert "Sergio" Livingstone Pohlhammer** (26 March 1920 – 11 September 2012) was a Chilean footballer and journalist. As a footballer, he mainly played as a goalkeeper for CD Universidad Católica. He was also capped 52 times for Chile, and played for them at seven South American Championships and the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He was nicknamed "El Sapo" ("the toad"), after his posture while in goal. He was ranked as the 9th greatest South American goalkeeper of the 20th century by the IFFHS.

Livingstone had originally joined Unión Española in 1936, after Luis Tirado watched him in a match between St. Ignatius College, where he was studying, and the English Institute of Santiago. He stopped playing football to study law at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, but later joined the university's football team, where he started playing in 1938. After retiring from football in 1959, he became a sports journalist and television personality with Televisión Nacional de Chile, where he remained until his death in 2012.

Sergio's father, , played for Santiago National and was a pioneer of Chilean football.

In 2009, a street in the district of Independencia in Santiago was named after Livingstone.

## Honours

- Chilean Primera División: 1949, 1954

## Other websites

- Claudio Pizarro: "Sergio 'Sapo' Livingstone, un crack de 89 años: "Si jugara ahora, sería farandulero", 18 September 2009, _The Clinic_
- Jorge Guerrero Cortés: _El libro no escrito de Sergio Livingstone_ 4 June 2010, DOREMIFAGOL

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Sergio Livingstone
- **image**: Sergio Livingstine el grafico.jpg
- **caption**: Livingstone with Chile national football team, Chile in 1942
- **fullname**: Serjio Roberto Livingstone Pohlhammer
- **height**: 1.81 m
- **birth place**: Santiago, Chile
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **position**: Goalkeeper (football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1936–1937
- **youthclubs1**: Unión Española
- **years1**: 1938–1942
- **years2**: 1943
- **years3**: 1944–1956
- **years4**: 1957
- **years5**: 1958–1959
- **clubs1**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **clubs2**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **clubs3**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **clubs4**: Colo-Colo
- **clubs5**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **caps2**: 30
- **goals2**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1941–1954
- **nationalteam1**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **nationalcaps1**: 52
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **pcupdate**: September 2008
Máximo Garay

**Máximo Garay S.** (, 10 June 1898 – 8 August 1960) was a Hungarian and Chilean football manager.

Born as **Miska Garay Magnuzs** in Hungary, he became a naturalized Chilean citizen. He was the manager of teams Argentina and Chile, as well as both the El Salvador and Chile national teams.

## Other websites

- Futbolistas extranjeros en Chile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Máximo Garay
- **image**: Máximo Garay, Crack, 1938-07-22 (41).jpg
- **fullname**: Máximo Garay S.
- **birth place**: Budapest, Austria-Hungary
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **manageryears1**: 1934–1935
- **managerclubs1**: CA Platense, Platense
- **manageryears2**: 1936
- **managerclubs2**: Club Atlético Independiente, Independiente
- **manageryears3**: 1937
- **managerclubs3**: Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata, Gimnasia LP
- **manageryears4**: 1938
- **managerclubs4**: San Lorenzo de Almagro, San Lorenzo
- **manageryears5**: 1938
- **managerclubs5**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **manageryears6**: 1940
- **managerclubs6**: Colo-Colo
- **manageryears7**: 1940–1941
- **managerclubs7**: El Salvador national football team, El Salvador
- **manageryears8**: 1941
- **managerclubs8**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **manageryears9**: 1941
- **managerclubs9**: C.D. Magallanes, Magallanes
- **manageryears10**: 1942
- **managerclubs10**: Bádminton F.C., Badminton
- **manageryears11**: 1945–1946
- **managerclubs11**: Bádminton F.C., Badminton
Moltke-class battlecruiser

The **Moltke-class battlecruiser** was a class of battlecruisers of the German Imperial Navy that were built between 1909 and 1911. They were named the SMS Moltke and SMS Goeben.
Riemannian geometry

**Riemannian geometry** is a branch of differential geometry that looks at Riemannian manifolds and smooth manifolds that have a Riemannian metric. This means each space has a way to measure lengths and angles using an inner product defined on the tangent space. This inner product changes in a smooth way from one point to another.

## Introduction

It is a type of non-Euclidean geometry. It breaks the parallel postulate and works with spaces that are curved instead of flat.

## Classical theorems

Gauss–Bonnet theorem. The total of the Gaussian curvature in a compact two-dimensional Riemannian manifold is equal to , where  means the Euler characteristic.

Riemann believed that parallel lines always come together, because there is no way straight lines exist in a curved universe.

## See also

Elliptic geometry

Geodesic
Takeover of Texas by the United States

The Republic of Texas was the only state to enter by treaty into the United States and admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29, 1845.

The Republic of Texas declared it wanted to be separate from Mexico on March 2, 1836. Texas asked to join the United States the same year, but John Forsyth said no. At that time, most people in Texas were in favor of joining the United States. Most politicians from the United States did not want Texas to join. At that time Texas held many slaves. There was still much debate between politicians in the United States about if it was right to have slaves: this meant it was too risky for politicians against or for slavery to say they wanted Texas to join the United States. The politicians also thought Mexico would be upset if Texas left Mexico to join the United States. Texas was having money problems in the 1840s, so the president of Texas, Sam Houston, talked with Mexico ask for independence, with the United Kingdom mediating.

In 1843, U.S. president John Tyler, then unaligned with any political party, decided to pursue the takeover of Texas to make people excited and vote him in for another four years as president.
Tetracosane

**Tetracosane** is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>.

Tetracosane is found in mineral form, called evenkite, in the Evenki Region on Lower Tunguska River in Siberia.
Sarah Douglas (actress)

**Sarah Douglas** (born 12 December 1952) is a British actress known for her roles in science fiction and fantasy movies and television. Born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Douglas is best known for her portrayal of the villainess Ursa in the _Superman_ movie series, appearing in _Superman_ (1978), _Superman II_ (1980) and its 2006 director cut. She has also appeared in other notable works including the _Dynasty_ TV series and various stage productions. Her distinctive presence and talent have made her a memorable figure in genre entertainment.
Gustavo Sánchez (footballer)

**Gustavo Sánchez** (born 3 May 2000) is a Mexican footballer. He plays as a central defender for Liga MX team Mazatlán.

## Early life

Sánchez joined the youth teams of C.F. Monterrey. He progressed through the under-17 and under-20 teams before reaching the first team.

### C.F. Monterrey and Raya2 Expansión

Sánchez made his first team debut for Monterrey in the Guard1anes 2020 tournament. He came on as a substitute in Jornada 15 against Mazatlán F.C., replacing Vincent Janssen in the second half.

After limited appearances with Monterrey's first team, he spent more time playing with the club's reserve side, Raya2 Expansión, in the Liga de Expansión MX.

### Loan to Pachuca

In the Apertura 2023 tournament, Sánchez moved to C.F. Pachuca on loan. He played mainly with Pachuca's under-23 team and made one appearance for the senior side.

### Loan to Mazatlán

In early 2024 Sánchez joined Mazatlán F.C. on loan for the Clausura 2024 tournament.

## Honours

- Monterrey
- CONCACAF Champions League: 2021

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Gustavo Sánchez
- **fullname**: Luis Gustavo Sánchez Saucedo
- **birth place**: Tantoyuca, Veracruz, Mexico
- **height**: 1.82 m
- **currentclub**: C.F. Monterrey, Monterrey
- **clubnumber**: 23
- **position**: Defender (association football)#Centre-back, Centre-back
- **youthyears1**: 2018–2021
- **youthclubs1**: C.F. Monterrey, Monterrey
- **years1**: 2020–
- **clubs1**: C.F. Monterrey, Monterrey
- **caps1**: 6
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2021–2023
- **clubs2**: → Raya2 Expansión, Raya2 (loan)
- **caps2**: 32
- **goals2**: 2
- **years3**: 2023
- **clubs3**: → C.F. Pachuca, Pachuca (loan)
- **caps3**: 1
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 2024–2025
- **clubs4**: → Mazatlán F.C., Mazatlán (loan)
- **caps4**: 31
- **goals4**: 2
- **pcupdate**: 14 March 2025
Vincent Roger

**Vincent Roger** (born July 4, 1969) is a French businessman. He works in digital entertainment, environmental media, and AI education. Vincent is the co-founder and CEO of the company Mobibase, as well as a co-founder of the environmental media group GEM. He is also a co-founder of Greenfinity, an AI-based online learning platform.

## Early life

Roger was born in Laval, France. He studied engineering in France and also studied for one year in Glasgow, Scotland.

### Mobibase

Roger helped start _Mobibase_ in 2001. He later became the CEO. The company is based in France. It integrates TV channels and video content into various digital services for mobile phone operators, cable companies, and streaming platforms.

### Global Environment Media

Roger is a co-founder of Global Environment Media (GEM), together with Christian Moore. GEM offers TV and online videos about positive environmental solutions.

### Greenfinity

He is also a Partner at _Greenfinity_, an online learning platform that uses AI to turn videos and other media into education courses and assessments.

## Books

Roger wrote two books. His first book, published in 2002, is about mobile multimedia services. The other tells short stories about the contribution of the United States to world culture, published in 2004.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Vincent Roger
- **birth place**: Laval, France
- **nationality**: French
- **occupation**: Businessman
- **known for**: Mobibase, GEM, Greenfinity
Sheela Gowda

**Sheela Gowda** (born 1957 in Bhadravati, India) is an Indian contemporary artist. She lives and works in Bangalore. She first trained as a painter and later began working with sculpture and installation art.

Gowda studied painting at the Ken School of Art in Bangalore in 1979. She later earned a postgraduate diploma from Visva-Bharati University in Santiniketan in 1982, and a master’s degree in painting from the Royal College of Art in London in 1986.

She is known for using unusual materials such as human hair, cow dung, incense, and kumkum powder. Her work often focuses on everyday labour and the lives of marginalized people in India. Many of her artworks are process-based and connected to ritual and social practices. Her early paintings were influenced by K. G. Subramanyan, and later by Nalini Malani.

In 2019, she received the Maria Lassnig Prize.

## Early life

Gowda began her art education in Bangalore and later studied in Baroda under artist K. G. Subramanyan.

## Career

In the 1990s, Gowda shifted her focus from painting to sculpture and installation. Her first solo exhibition outside India took place at Iniva in London in 2011. She was a finalist for the Hugo Boss Prize in 2014.

Her work often explores themes of labor, gender, and social inequality, especially the working conditions of women. She has shown her work at major international exhibitions such as Documenta and the Venice Biennale.

## Selected exhibitions

- Chemould Gallery, Mumbai (1993)
- Bose Pacia Gallery, New York (2006)
- Iniva, London (2011)
- Van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven (2013)
- Irish Museum of Modern Art, Dublin (2014)
- Pirelli HangarBicocca, Milan (2019)

## Collections

Her work is held in major museum collections, including:

- Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
- Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sheela Gowda
- **birth date**: 1957
- **birth place**: Bhadravati, India
- **nationality**: Indian
- **occupation**: Contemporary artist
- **known for**: Sculpture, installation art
House of the Dragon

***House of the Dragon*** is an American fantasy drama television series created by George R. R. Martin and Ryan Condal. It is a prequel to the popular series _Game of Thrones_ (2011–2019) and is based on Martin's book _Fire & Blood_. The show is set about 200 years before the events of _Game of Thrones_ and explores the history of House Targaryen, focusing on the Targaryen civil war known as the Dance of the Dragons. The series features a rich cast of characters, dragons, political intrigue, and complex family dynamics. It premiered on HBO in August 2022 and has received positive reviews for its production quality and storytelling.
Leptodactylus myersi

The **Myers' thin-toed frog** (_Leptodactylus myersi_) is a frog.  It lives in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana. Scientists think it could live in Guyana too.

## Home

This frog lives in rocky places in rainforests. Scientists have seen it between 0 and 600 meters above sea level.

There are protected places where the frog lives, for example Estação Ecológica do Grão Pará and Reserva Extrativista do Rio Cajari.

## Young

This frog makes a nest out of bubbles for its eggs. The tadpoles swim in small rivers that form during the rainy time of year.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN and the Venezuelan Fauna Red Book say this frog is not in danger of dying out.
2022 Pacific hurricane season

The **2022 Pacific hurricane season** was a hurricane season in 2022 in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. It had a slightly more total tropical storms than the average. The season started with its first storm on May 28 and ended with its last on October 23.

## Infobox (hurricane season)

- **basin**: EPac
- **year**: 2022
- **track**: 2022 Pacific hurricane season summary.png
- **first storm formed**: May 28, 2022
- **last storm dissipated**: October 23, 2022
- **strongest storm name**: Darby
- **strongest storm pressure**: 953
- **strongest storm winds**: 120
- **average wind speed**: 1
- **total depressions**: 19
- **total storms**: 19
- **total hurricanes**: 10
- **total intense**: 4
- **ace**: 114.6
- **damagespre**: >
- **damages**: 447
- **fatalities**: 32 total
- **five seasons**: 2020 Pacific hurricane season, 2020, 2021 Pacific hurricane season, 2021, **2022**, 2023 Pacific hurricane season, 2023, 2024 Pacific hurricane season, 2024
- **season timeline**: Timeline of the 2022 Pacific hurricane season
- **west pacific season**: 2022 Pacific typhoon season
- **atlantic season**: 2022 Atlantic hurricane season
- **north indian season**: 2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Massacre of Rabban Hormizd

## Massacre (1838)

In 1838, Kurdish forces from the Soran Emirate attacked the Rabban Hormizd Monastery and the nearby town of Alqosh. The attack was led by Mîr Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz. During the attack, **hundreds of Assyrian Chaldean Christians were killed**. The monastery and local Christian community were badly damaged.

## Massacre (1843)

In 1843, Kurdish forces began to demand money from Christian villages in the region. People who refused to pay were killed. During this time, Rabban Hormizd Monastery was attacked again, and its religious icons were damaged.

There is no exact number of people killed at the monastery in 1843. However, historians say that **more than 10,000 Christians were killed** across the region during this period.

the Rabban Hormizd Monastery was attacked by the Kurds, and 1000 manuscripts may have been destroyed.

## References

</references>

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: Rabban Hormizd Monastery attacks
- **location**: Rabban Hormizd Monastery and Alqosh, Ottoman Iraq
- **date**: 1838 and 1843
- **target**: Assyrian Chaldean Christians
- **attack type**: Massacre, raids, religious persecution
- **fatalities**: Hundreds killed in 1838; unknown in 1843 (part of wider killings of over 10,000 Christians)
- **perpetrators**: Kurdish forces led by
 Mîr Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz
- **outcome**: Many civilians killed; monastery damaged and desecrated
Nikola Jokic

**Nikola Jokic** (born February 19, 1995 in Sombor, Serbia) is a Serbian NBA basketball player. He has played in the NBA since 2015 for the Denver Nuggets. Jokic has won three NBA MVP awards and made seven All-Star teams. He led the Nuggets to their first NBA Championship in 2023. Denver defeated the Miami Heat and Jokic won the Finals MVP award. In December 2025, Jokic became the all-time leader in career assists for NBA Centers, passing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.

## Infobox (basketball biography)

- **name**: Nikola Jokic
- **position**: Center
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 284
- **league**: National Basketball Association, NBA
- **birth place**: Sombor, Serbia
- **nationality**: Serbian
- **draft year**: 2014
- **draft round**: 2
- **draft pick**: 41
- **draft team**: Denver Nuggets
- **draft league**: NBA
- **career start**: 2015
Fillmore

**Fillmore** may refer to:

### Canada

- Fillmore, Saskatchewan
- Rural Municipality of Fillmore No. 96, Saskatchewan

### United States

- Fillmore, California
- Fillmore District, San Francisco, California
- Fillmore, Louisiana
- Fillmore, Illinois
- Fillmore Township, Montgomery County, Illinois
- Fillmore, Indiana
- Fillmore Township, Iowa County, Iowa
- Fillmore, Kentucky
- Fillmore Township, Michigan
- Fillmore, Minnesota
- Fillmore County, Minnesota
- Fillmore Township, Fillmore County, Minnesota
- Fillmore, Missouri
- Fillmore County, Nebraska
- Fillmore, New York
- Fillmore, Ohio
- Fillmore, Oklahoma
- Fillmore, Pennsylvania
- Fillmore, Utah
- Fillmore, Wisconsin

## Venues

- Fillmore Auditorium (Denver), Colorado
- The Fillmore (Fillmore Auditorium), San Francisco, California promoter Bill Graham's original West Coast concert location
    - Fillmore East in New York City, New York, Bill Graham's East Coast concert location (1968 to 1971)
    - Fillmore West in San Francisco, California, Bill Graham's subsequent West Coast concert location (1968 to 1971)
    - The Fillmore Detroit in Detroit, Michigan
    - Irving Plaza, known as "The Fillmore New York" in the late 2000s
    - Theatre of Living Arts (TLA) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, briefly known as The Fillmore at TLA and referred to locally as The Fillmore Philadelphia
        - The Fillmore Philadelphia, a separate venue in the Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia that opened in late 2015
    - The Fillmore Silver Spring, a venue in Silver Spring, Maryland
    - The Fillmore Miami Beach, a venue in Miami Beach, Florida
    - AvidxChange Music Factory, home to a venue named the Fillmore Charlotte in Charlotte, North Carolina

## Fictional characters

- Fillmore (_Cars_), a character from _Cars_
- Fillmore, a character in _Sherman's Lagoon_
- Fillmore, a bear in _Hoppity Hooper_
- Fillmore, a pimp in _The Warriors_

## Other uses

- _Fillmore_ (movie), a 1971 music documentary
- _Fillmore!_, an animated television series
- Fillmore Block, a place in Wright County, Iowa
- Fillmore High School, a high school in Fillmore, California
- A song from ActRaiser

## People with the surname

- Charles Fillmore (Unity Church) (1854–1948), one of the founders of the Unity Church
- Charles J. Fillmore (1929–2014), linguist, (co-)inventor of Case Theory and Construction Grammar
- Frederick A. Fillmore (1856-1925), American composer and music publisher
- Henry Fillmore (1881–1956), American bandmaster and band composer
- Millard Fillmore (1800–1874), 13th president of the United States
    - Abigail Fillmore (1798–1853), first wife of Millard Fillmore
    - Caroline Fillmore (1813–1881), second wife of Millard Fillmore
- Nathaniel Fillmore (1771–1863), farmer and father of Millard Fillmore
- Walter Fillmore (1933–2017), Brigadier General, USMC Ret.

## Related pages

- Filmore (disambiguation)
- "Fillmore Jive", a song by Pavement from _Crooked Rain, Crooked Rain_
- Phillimore (disambiguation)
- Philmore, a Christian rock band
National Party of Honduras

The **National Party of Honduras** (**PNH**; ) is a conservative political party in Honduras. It was founded on 27 February 1902, by Manuel Bonilla Chirinos. It has been one of the two most important parties in the country. 13 presidents have been members of the party. Manuel Bonilla was the first (1903–1907), and the most recent is the president, Juan Orlando Hernández who served from 2014 to 2022. The party was the majority party of the National Congress from 2009 to 2022.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: National Party of Honduras
- **native name**: Partido Nacional de Honduras
- **native name lang**: es
- **abbreviation**: PNH
- **logo**: PNH 2016 logo.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **president**: Nasry Asfura
- **secretary general**: Tomas Zambrano
- **headquarters**: Tegucigalpa, Comayagüela
- **youth wing**: Nationalist Youth (_Juventud Nacionalista_)
- **ideology**: Nationalism
Conservatism
Traditionalism
Christian democracy
Neoliberalism
Right-wing populism
Christian humanism
Militarism
Anti-communism
**Historical (under Oswaldo López Arellano):**
Conservatism
Populism
Anti-communism
State interventionism
**Historical (under Tiburcio Carías Andino):**
Fascism
- **international**: Centrist Democrat International (observer)
International Democracy Union (formerly)
- **affiliation1 title**: Regional affiliation
- **affiliation1**: Union of Latin American Parties
Christian Democrat Organization of America
- **seats1 title**: National Congress of Honduras, National Congress
- **colours**: Blue
- **flag**:
- **country**: Honduras
Xiomara Zelaya

**Xiomara Hortencia Zelaya Castro** (born 14 January 1985) is a Honduran politician. She is a member of the National Congress since 2022. She is the daughter of the former president Manuel Zelaya and current president Xiomara Castro. She is popularly known by her nickname "Pichu". She was seen as a possible candidate for president in 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Xiomara Zelaya
- **image**: Xiomara Zelaya Castro 2022 (cropped).jpg
- **office**: Member of the National Congress of Honduras, National Congress
- **constituency**: Francisco Morazán Department
- **term start**: 25 January 2022
- **term end**: 25 January 2026
- **birth place**: Catacamas, Olancho, Honduras
- **party**: Liberty and Refoundation
- **father**: Manuel Zelaya
- **mother**: Xiomara Castro
- **alma mater**: EAE Business university  (Communication studies, BC)
Lissette del Cid

**Lissette del Cid Fernández** is an Honduran philanthropist and socialite who has been the First Lady of Honduras since 2026. She is the wife of Nasry Asfura, the 40th President of Honduras.

Del Cid was born in Intibucá, Honduras.

Del Cid has spent most of her life to social work and humanitarian organizations in Tegucigalpa. Del Cid focused on projects supporting women, promoting programs for single mothers, and education and welfare projects for poor children.

## Infobox (first lady)

- **name**: Lissette del Cid
- **office**: First ladies and gentlemen of Honduras, First Lady of Honduras
- **president**: Nasry Asfura
- **term label**: Assumed role
- **term start**: 27 January 2026
- **predecessor**: Manuel Zelaya (as First Gentleman)
- **birth place**: La Esperanza, Honduras, La Esperanza, Honduras
- **birthname**: Lissette del Cid Fernández
- **children**: 3
- **occupation**: Philanthropist
Liberty and Refoundation

**Liberty and Refoundation** (), also known as **Libre** (), is a left-wing political party in Honduras. Libre was founded in 2011 by the National Popular Resistance Front (FNRP), a leftist coalition of groups who were against the 2009 coup.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Liberty and Refoundation
- **native name**: Libertad y Refundación
- **logo**: Logo LIBRE.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **flag**: Libertad y Refundacion Party Logo.svg
- **abbreviation**: Libre
- **leader**: Manuel Zelaya
- **general secretary**: Juan Alberto Barahona Mejía
- **leader1 title**: President of Honduras
- **leader1 name**: Xiomara Castro
- **split**: Liberal Party of Honduras
- **headquarters**: Tegucigalpa
- **position**: Left-wing politics, Left-wing
- **regional**: São Paulo Forum
- **colours**: Red and black
- **seats1 title**: National Congress of Honduras, National Congress
- **country**: Honduras
Neo-Mu'tazilites

**Neo-Mu'tazilites** (Arabic: المعتزلة الجدد) are modern Muslim thinkers and intellectuals inspired by the principles of the classical Mu'tazila school of theology, which flourished in Basra and Baghdad during the 8th to 10th centuries CE. This movement, known as "Neo-Mu'tazilism", stands in relation to the "renaissance" (_Nahda_) of the Arab world and to modern Islamic reformism, which opposes Islamic conservatism, _taqlid_ of the earlier generations, and fatalism. Neo-Mu'tazilites emphasise the possibility of freedom in the face of divine omnipotence and rational notions of good and evil.

Like their classical predecessors, Neo-Mu'tazilites emphasize the use of reason (_'aql_) in interpreting Islamic scripture. Neo-Mu'tazilite understanding of Islamic scripture has included de-emphasising the authoritative value of Islamic tradition, questioning much of the corpus of Hadith as either apocryphal or relevant only to prophet Muhammad's day and age, rejecting the validity of _ijma_ (consensus), and broadening the horizon of _ijtihad_ (independent reasoning). Neo-Mu'tazilites also uphold the core historical Mu'tazilite tenet that the Qur'an is God's "created" word.

In the modern period, Neo-Mu'tazilism has developed in various regions, such as in the Maghreb, Turkey, Iran, France, India, and Indonesia. Neo-Mu'tazilites form the main composites of the Indo-Pakistan Muslim society today, alongside Barelvis, Deobandis, and Ahl al-Hadith.

## Notable individuals

Notable neo-Mu'tazilites have included Syed Ahmad Khan (d. 1898 CE). Syed's reformist program included a rationalist, neo-Mu'tazilite understanding of Islamic scripture, questioning much of the corpus of Hadith as either apocryphal or relevant only to prophet Muhammad's day and age, rejecting the validity of _ijma_ (consensus), broadening the horizon of _ijtihad_ (independent reasoning), and interpreting Biblical scripture from a sympathetic Muslim point of view (see Muslim Hebraism).

Other notable neo-Mu'tazilites have included Ahmad Amin (d. 1954 CE), Harun Nasution (d. 1998 CE), Fazlur Rahman Malik (d. 1988 CE), Abdolkarim Soroush (b. 1945 CE), Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari (b. 1936 CE), Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari (b. 1949 CE), Mohsen Kadivar (b. 1959 CE), and Mostafa Malekian (b. 1956 CE).

## See also

- Islamic philosophy
- Hadith rejectors
- Muslim Hebraists
Liberal Party of Honduras

The **Liberal Party of Honduras** (Spanish: _Partido Liberal de Honduras)_ is a centre-right liberal political party in Honduras. The party was founded in 1891. It is the oldest working political party in the country. The party is a member of the Liberal International.

The party is against making abortion legal.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Liberal Party of Honduras
- **native name**: Partido Liberal de Honduras
- **logo**: Logo of the Liberal Party of Honduras.png
- **flag**: Liberal Party of Honduras logo.svg
- **leader1 title**: President
- **leader1 name**: Roberto Contreras Mendoza
- **leader2 title**: Founder
- **leader2 name**: Policarpo Bonilla
- **headquarters**: Tegucigalpa, MDC
- **ideology**: Liberalism
Conservatism
**Factions**:
Anti-communism

- **position**: Centre-right
- **international**: Liberal International
- **continental**: Liberal Network for Latin America, RELIAL
COPPPAL
- **regional**: Center-Democratic Integration Group
- **seats1 title**: National Congress of Honduras, National Congress
- **colours**: Red
- **country**: Honduras
Roberto Micheletti

**Roberto Micheletti Baín** (born 13 August 1943) is a Honduran politician who was the interim and 36th president of Honduras from 28 June 2009, to 27 January 2010. He became president after the 2009 Honduran coup d'état.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Roberto Micheletti
- **image**: Roberto micheletti 01.jpg
- **caption**: Micheletti in 2009
- **imagesize**: 230px
- **office**: 36th President of Honduras
- **term start**: 28 June 2009
- **term end**: 27 January 2010
- **predecessor**: Manuel Zelaya
- **successor**: Porfirio Lobo Sosa
- **office2**: President of the National Congress of Honduras, President of the National Congress
- **term start2**: 25 January 2006
- **term end2**: 28 June 2009
- **predecessor2**: Porfirio Lobo Sosa
- **successor2**: José Alfredo Saavedra (Acting)
- **office7**: Deputy of the Yoro Department
- **assembly**: National Congress of Honduras
- **term start7**: 25 January 1982
- **term end7**: 26 January 2006
- **birth name**: Roberto Micheletti Baín
- **birth place**: El Progreso, Yoro, Honduras
- **party**: Liberal Party of Honduras, Liberal Party
- **spouse**: Siomara Girón
- **children**: 3
- **profession**: Businessperson