juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cry Wolf (A-ha song)

"**Cry Wolf**" is a 1986 song by Norwegian pop band A-ha and is the second single from their second studio album _Scoundrel Days_. It went to number 2 in Norway, number 4 in Ireland, number 5 in the United Kingdom, number 10 in New Zealand, number 12 in the Netherlands, number 13 in Italy and South Africa, number 15 in Belgium, number 16 in the Netherlands and number 20 in Germany.

## Track listings

- **UK 7-inch single (Warner Bros. / W 8500)**
1. "Cry Wolf" (Album Version) - 4:05
1. "Maybe, Maybe" - 2:34

- **UK 12-inch single (Warner Bros. / W 8500T)**
1. "Cry Wolf" (Extended Version) - 8:12
1. "Cry Wolf" (Album Version) - 4:05
1. "Maybe, Maybe" - 2:34

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Cry Wolf
- **type**: single
- **artist**: A-ha
- **album**: Scoundrel Days
- **b-side**: Maybe, Maybe
- **released**: 24 November 1986
- **recorded**: 1986
- **genre**: * Pop rock
* new wave music, new wave
* synth-pop
- **length**: 4:05
- **label**: Warner Bros. Records, Warner Bros.
- **writer**: * Paul Waaktaar-Savoy, Pål Waaktaar
* Magne Furuholmen
- **producer**: Alan Tarney
- **prev title**: I've Been Losing You
- **prev year**: 1986
- **next title**: Manhattan Skyline (song), Manhattan Skyline
- **next year**: 1987
Cry Wolf (Laura Branigan song)

"**Cry Wolf** is a 1988 song by Laura Branigan and released as the third single from her fifth studio album _Touch_. It was covered by Stevie Nicks for her fourth studio album _The Other Side of the Mirror_.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Cry Wolf
- **border**: yes
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Laura Branigan
- **album**: Touch (Laura Branigan album), Touch
- **released**: 1988
- **studio**: Powertrax, Hollywood, California
- **genre**: Pop rock
- **length**: 4:48
- **label**: Atlantic Records, Atlantic
- **writer**: Jude Johnstone
- **producer**: David Kershenbaum
- **prev title**: The Power of Love (song), Power of Love
- **prev year**: 1987
- **next title**: Come into My Life (Laura Branigan and Joe Esposito song), Come into My Life
- **next year**: 1988
John Smoltz

**John Andrew Smoltz**, nicknamed "Smoltzie" and "Marmaduke", is an American former pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball played from 1988 to 2009. All but the last year was with the Atlanta Braves.
Independence Hall (Israel)

The **Independence Hall of Israel** is a building in Tel Aviv in Israel. It is where the ceremony of independence of the State of Israel was held on Friday, May 14, 1948.

The building has been restored to look like it did on the day of the announcement.

## Other websites

- Official website
Route 386 (Israel)

**Route 386** is a road in Israel. It stretches from Tzur Hadassah to Jerusalem.

The route begins in the Judean Mountains at Tzur Hadassah. It starts at a junction with Route 375.

In Jerusalem, the road is named **Herzl Boulevard** (_Sderot Herzl_). It stretches from the western entrance to the city near the Bridge of Strings to Mount Herzl. The street was named after Theodor Herzl on November 17, 1949. The street passes through the neighborhoods of Kiryat Moshe, Beit Hakerem, Yefeh Nof and Bayit VeGan. The main entrance to Mount Herzl is the number 1.

## Infobox (road)

- **country**: ISR
- **type**: Route
- **route**: 386
- **map**: ILroute-386.png
- **length km**: 23
- **direction a**: north
- **terminus a**: Tzur Hadassah Junction
- **junction**: Nes Harim Junction
Kerem Junction
Holland Square
Molikovsky Square
Denia Square
Haft Square
- **direction b**: south
- **terminus b**: Junction at Shazar Blvd
James Hedges

**James "Jim" Hedges** (born May 10, 1938 ― March 4, 2024) was a Prohibition activist and former Tax Assessor for Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania. He held the distinction as the only individual to be elected to public office from the Prohibition Party in the 21st century, and the first since 1959.

Hedges ran for President of the United States of America in the 2016 presidential election.

## Death

He died in Hagerstown, Maryland, on March 4, 2024, at the age of 85.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: James Hedges
- **image**: Jimhedges.jpg
- **imagesize**: 100
- **office**: Tax assessment, Tax Assessor for Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania
- **term start**: 2002
- **term end**: 2007
- **party**: Prohibition Party
- **birth place**: Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.
- **death place**: Hagerstown, Maryland, U.S.
Alena Vrzáňová

**Alena "Ája" Vrzáňová** () (also **Zanová**, married name:  Steindler) (16 May 1931 – 30 July 2015), was a Czech figure skater who represented Czechoslovakia in competition. Vrzáňová is the 1949 & 1950 World champion and 1950 European champion.  She was born in Prague.

Vrzáňová died suddenly on 30 July 2015 in New York City at the age of 84 while in exile.

## Other websites

- Sports-reference profile
Augustin Bubník

**Augustin "Gustav" Bubník** (21 November 1928 in Prague, Czechoslovakia – 18 April 2017 in Prague, Czech Republic) was a retired ice hockey player for the Czechoslovak national team. He won a silver medal at the 1948 Winter Olympics. He also played in the 1947 and 1949 World Championships. Czechoslovakia won both.

He later worked as ice hockey coach and was elected as MP to the lower chamber of Czech Parliament from the Civic Democratic Party. He also worked as ice hockey coach of the Finnish National Team from 1966 to 1969, and was later inducted to the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame.
Mario Puzo

**Mario Gianluigi Puzo** (; ; October 15, 1920 – July 2, 1999) was an American author and screenwriter. He was born in Manhattan, New York City.

He is known for his novels about the Mafia, including _The Godfather_ (1969), which was later made into a movie by Francis Ford Coppola. He won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay in both 1972 and 1974.

Puzo died of heart failure in West Bay Shore, New York, aged 78.

## Other websites

- FreshAir Interview – Audio interview from Fresh Air. Originally broadcast July 25, 1996.
- Mario Puzo at the Internet Movie Database
- Mario Puzo Books
- The Official Mario Puzo Library
- "Saying Goodbye to Mario Puzo" , an affectionate recollection of Mario Puzo written by his friend Jules Siegel on being notified of his death.
Barbara Harris

**Barbara Harris** (July 25, 1935 – August 21, 2018) was an American actress who was a Broadway stage star and later became a movie actress. She was born in Evanston, Illinois. She was known for being a co-founder of The Second City.

She appeared in such movies as _A Thousand Clowns_, _Plaza Suite_, _Nashville_, _Family Plot_, _Freaky Friday_, _Peggy Sue Got Married_, and _Grosse Pointe Blank_.

Harris won a Tony Award and has been nominated for an Academy Award and received four Golden Globe Award nominations.

Harris died in Scottsdale, Arizona from lung cancer on August 21, 2018, aged 83.
Noel Neill

**Noel Darleen Neill** (November 25, 1920  July 3, 2016) was an American actress in motion pictures and television.  She is known for her portrayal of Lois Lane in the movie serials _Superman_ (1948) and _Atom Man vs. Superman_ (1950), as well as the 1950s television series _Adventures of Superman_.

Following an extended illness, Neill died at age 95 on July 3, 2016 in Tucson, Arizona.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Noel Neill
- **image**: Noel Neill.jpg
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **caption**: Noel Neill in February 2008
- **birth name**: Noel Darleen Neill
- **birth place**: Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
- **death place**: Tucson, Arizona, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1940–2006
- **occupation**: Actress
- **known for**: Playing "Lois Lane" on _Adventures of Superman (TV series), The Adventures of Superman_
Don Murray

**Donald Patrick "Don" Murray** (July 31, 1929 – February 2, 2024) was an American actor. He was known for his role as Beauregard Decker in the 1956 movie _Bus Stop_.
Murray starred in television series such as _The Outcasts_ (1968–1969), _Knots Landing_ (1979–1981), and _Twin Peaks_ (2017).

Murray died at his home in Goleta, California on February 2, 2024 at the age of 94.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Don Murray
- **image**: Don Murray by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Murray in 2017
- **birth name**: Donald Patrick Murray
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Goleta, California, U.S.
- **alma mater**: American Academy of Dramatic Arts
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1950–2001; 2017–2021
- **children**: 5, including Christopher Murray (actor), Christopher
Hope Lange

**Hope Elise Ross Lange** (November 28, 1933 – December 19, 2003) was an American movie, stage, and television actress.

Lange was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Selena Cross in the 1957 movie _Peyton Place_.

In 1969 and 1970, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Carolyn Muir in the sitcom _The Ghost & Mrs. Muir_.

Lange died on December 19, 2003, at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica, California, as a result of an ischemic colitis infection at the age of 70.

## Infobox (person)

- **birth name**: Hope Elise Ross Lange
- **image**: Hope Lange in Peyton Place.jpg
- **caption**: Lange in _Peyton Place (movie), Peyton Place_ trailer (1957)
- **birth place**: Redding, Connecticut, U.S.
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Ischemic colitis
- **alma mater**: Reed College
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1942–1998
- **spouse**:

- **children**: Christopher Murray (actor), Christopher Murray
Patricia Murray
Alan J. Pakula

**Alan Jay Pakula** (April 7, 1928 – November 19, 1998) was an American movie director, writer and producer.  He was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Picture for _To Kill a Mockingbird_ (1962), Best Director for _All the President's Men_ (1976) and Best Adapted Screenplay for _Sophie's Choice_ (1982). He was also known for his movies _Klute_ and _The Parallax View_. He was born in New York City.

Pakula was killed in a car accident in Melville, New York, aged 70.

## Other websites

- Alan J Pakula  – _Daily Telegraph_ obituary
- American Film Institute interview
- "The Pakula Parallax" essay
- Alan J. Pakula papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
The Parallax View

***The Parallax View*** is a 1974 American thriller movie directed by Alan J. Pakula. It was written by Lorenzo Semple Jr.. It stars Warren Beatty, Hume Cronyn, William Daniels, Paula Prentiss, Richard Bull, and Kenneth Mars. It was released to positive reviews on June 14, 1974.
Bubba Franks

**Daniel Lamont "Bubba" Franks** (born January 6, 1978) is a former American football tight end. He played nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Miami. He was drafted by the Green Bay Packers 14th overall in the 2000 NFL Draft. Bubba attended Big Spring High School in Big Spring, Texas. He was an all state tight end there.
Breckland District

**Breckland District** is a local government district in Norfolk, England. About 135,000 people live there. It was created on 1 April 1974. Its council is based in East Dereham.

Breckland District gets its name from the Breckland landscape region. That is a gorse-covered sandy heath of south Norfolk and north Suffolk. The term _Breckland_ is ancient. It is found as early as the 13th century in the form Brakelond.
River Leam

The **River Leam** (also spelled _Leame_) is a river in England. It starts at Hellidon Hill in Northamptonshire. It flows through rural Warwickshire, including the town of Leamington Spa. It flows into the Warwickshire Avon, a left bank tributary of the River Severn.
All Saints

**All Saints** might mean:

- All Saints (group)
- All Saints debut album from All Saints
- All Saints, Australian medical drama series ran from 1998 to 2009
- All Saints' Day
- All Saints Church, Gothenburg
- All Saints Church, Lund
- All Saints DLR station
- Baía de Todos os Santos, also called All Saints' Bay
Tribute to Jerusalem

***Tribute to Jerusalem*** is a permanent sculpture in Holland Square, near Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is at the corner of Kiryat Yovel Street and Ein Karem. The sculpture's popular nickname is "the red sculpture". The sculpture stands at a view point overlooking the Jerusalem Forest and Ein Kerem. The sculpture was made in 1977 by Alexander Calder.
Jerusalem Forest

The **Jerusalem Forest** () is a pine forest located in the Judean Mountains west of Jerusalem. It is surrounded by the neighborhoods Beit HaKerem, Yefe Nof, Ein Kerem, Har Nof, Givat Shaul, and a moshav, Beit Zeit.

## Related pages

- List of forests in Israel
- Eshtaol Forest
- Yatir Forest
- Jewish National Fund
Cley next the Sea

**Cley next the Sea** () or (), Anglo-Saxon _Clæg_ "clay", is a village (population 376) in North Norfolk, England. It is on the River Glaven. Located  north-west of Holt and east of Blakeney.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **official name**: Cley next the Sea
- **country**: England
- **region**: East of England
- **shire district**: North Norfolk
- **shire county**: Norfolk
- **civil parish**: Cley next the Sea
- **static image**: Windmill Reed beds Cley.jpg
- **static image caption**: Cley Towermill
- **population**: 437
- **population ref**: (parish, 2011 census)
- **area total km2**: 8.63
- **os grid reference**: TG045436
- **post town**: HOLT
- **postcode area**: NR
- **postcode district**: NR25
- **dial code**: 01263
- **constituency westminster**: North Norfolk (UK Parliament constituency), North Norfolk
Chesterville

**Chesterville** is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,328 at the 2020 census.
Atkinson, Maine

**Atkinson** is a former town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The town was named after Judge Atkinson, a landholder. The population was 326 at the 2010 census.

It was a town until 2019. Then it lost its government and became a unincorporated area.
North Norfolk

**North Norfolk** is a local government district in Norfolk, United Kingdom. It was created on 1 April 1974. About 105,000 people live there. Its council is based in Cromer.
Ein Kerem

**Ein Karem** () is an ancient village of the Jerusalem District and now a neighbourhood in southwest Jerusalem. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 16, 1948.
Independence Day (Israel)

**Independence Day of Israel** (; __   lit. "Independence Day") is the national day of Israel. It celebrates the day of the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel at the end of British Mandate of Palestine. It occurs on the fifth day of Iyar in the Hebrew calendar, which is between the months of April and May.

Independence Day begins with a ceremony held in Mount Herzl Plaza in Jerusalem. It begins at midnight. The ceremony also ends Yom Hazikaron. A fire is lit.

## Other websites

- Israeli Knesset page on Yom Ha'aztmaut
- Study Sheet for Yom HaAtzmaut: the Passover Hagada and Israel's Declaration of Independence
- Conservative Movement's Al HaNisim for Yom Haatzmaut
- Rabbi Eliezer Melamed, Peninei Halachah - Zmanim, Yom HaAtzmaut
- the Israeli Independence Day ceremony  in Jewish National Fund website
The Judge (2014 movie)

***The Judge*** is a 2014 American crime drama movie directed by David Dobkin.

## Plot

It is about a Chicago lawyer, Hank Palmer, coming home to Indiana after his mother dies. Soon afterwards, his father, Joseph Palmer, a judge, is accused of killing someone in a hit and run accident with the son quickly defending his father even though they have relationship issues.

## Cast

- Neel Sethi as Mowgli
- Eddie Redmayne as Newt Scamander
- Katherine Waterston as Porpentina 'Tina' Goldstein
- Idris Elba as Shere Khan
- Scarlett Johansson as Kaa
- Tom Hiddleston as James Hine
- Lupita Nyong'o as Raksha
- Giancarlo Esposito as Akela
- Ruby Barnhill as Sophie
- Dan Fogler as Jacob

## Reception

The movie received mixed reviews. It got a 47% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Critics liked Duvall's performance as Palmer. Duvall was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for his role.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Jungle
- **director**: Jon Favreau
- **producer**: Chris Pine
- **music**: Thomas Newman
- **cinematography**: Janusz Kamiński
- **editing**: Mark Livolsi
- **distributor**: Warner Bros. Pictures
- **runtime**: 142 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $50 million
- **gross**: $83.7 million
Billy Pierce

**Walter William Pierce** (April 2, 1927 – July 31, 2015) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) starting pitcher. He played 18 years for the Detroit Tigers, Chicago White Sox, and San Francisco Giants, from 1945 through 1964.

He was selected to the Chicago White Sox All-Century Team in 2000. Pierce was an All-Star for seven seasons.

Pierce was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was raised in Highland Park, Michigan. Pierce died in Chicago, Illinois from gallbladder cancer, aged 88.

## Other websites

- BaseballLibrary  – profile, career highlights and SABR bibliography
- White Sox Interactive interview (c. 2002)
- _Baseball Digest_: Former pitcher Billy Pierce: He ranked among the best of his era – June 2002 interview
- Vintage Cards
- Gallery of April 2008 photos at book signing
Jon Shepodd

**Jon Shepodd** (December 19, 1924 – August 16, 2017) was an American actor. He was known for his role as Paul Martin in the television series _Lassie_.

Shepodd died on August 16, 2017 at his London, England home at the age of 92.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jon Shepodd
- **image**: Jon Shepodd.JPG
- **caption**: Shepodd in _Lassie (1954 TV series), Lassie_, circa 1957
- **birth place**: Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
- **death place**: London, England, U.K.
- **occupation**: Actor
David Faber

**David Faber** (August 25, 1928 – July 28, 2015) was a Polish writer and educator. He was Jewish and survived nine concentration camps in occupied Poland and Nazi Germany. He was also an award-winning educator and lecturer on the Holocaust.

Faber died on July 28, 2015 in San Diego, California at the age of 86.
Alan Cheuse

**Alan Stuart Cheuse** (January 23, 1940 – July 31, 2015) was an American writer and critic. He worked for the New Yorker and appeared on several segments on radio. Cheuse was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey.

Cheuse was involved in a car accident on July 14, 2015 on California State Route 17 while driving from Nevada City to Santa Cruz, California. He was reported to be in a coma on July 20, 2015 with injuries including fractured ribs, cervical vertebrae, and an acute subdural hematoma. He died on July 31, 2015 from his injuries at the age of 75 in San Jose, California.

## Other websites

- Alan Cheuse's official website
- George Mason profile
- _Littoral_  interview with Alan Cheuse about his novel _To Catch the Lightning,_ (2008)
- Public radio interview with Alan Cheuse about historical fiction and his novel _To Catch the Lightning,_ (2008)
- Tennessee Writers Project biography
- Alan Cheuse bio at NPR
- Santa Fe Writers Project
- Alan Cheuse on 'Song of Slaves in the Desert'
Trey Gowdy

**Trey Gowdy** (born August 22, 1964) is an American politician. In 2011, he became the U.S. Representative for South Carolina's 4th congressional district. He chaired the House Benghazi Committee. Gowdy is a member of the Republican Party.

Gowdy was born on August 22, 1964 in Greenville, South Carolina. In 1982 he graduated from Spartanburg High School, Spartanburg, South Carolina. In 1986 he graduated from Baylor University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Gowdy graduated from University of South Carolina School of Law. He was an assistant U.S. attorney from 1994 to 2000. Gowdy was then elected state district attorney in South Carolina. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 2010. On May 4, 2015 he was named to head the special House panel to investigate the 2012 Benghazi attack. He is married to Terri Gowdy. They have two children.

On January 31, 2018, Gowdy announced he would not seek re-election in 2018 and that he intends to pursue a legal career instead of politics.

## Other websites

- Trey Gowdy, U.S. Representative, Home Page

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Trey Gowdy
- **image**: Trey Gowdy, Official Portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **state**: South Carolina
- **term start**: January 3, 2011
- **term end**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor**: Bob Inglis
- **successor**: William Timmons
- **office1**: Chairman of the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi, House Benghazi Committee
- **term start1**: May 8, 2014
- **term end1**: July 8, 2016
- **predecessor1**: Position established
- **successor1**: Position abolished
- **birth name**: Harold Watson Gowdy III
- **birth place**: Greenville, South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **alma mater**: Baylor University
University of South Carolina
- **spouse**: Terri Gowdy
- **children**: Abigail and Watson
Henry Fairfield Osborn

**Henry Fairfield Osborn, Sr.** FRS (August 8, 1857 – November 6, 1935) was an American  paleontologist, and geologist. He was the president of the American Museum of Natural History for 25 years.

Osborn was one of the great dinosaur fossil hunters of the late 19th century, and a eugenist.

Osborn got a Sc.D. in paleontology from Princeton, and was Professor of Comparative Anatomy there from 1883–1890. In 1891, Osborn was hired by Columbia University as a professor of zoology. At the same time, he got a position at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. He served there as the curator of the newly formed Department of Vertebrate Paleontology.

Osborn led the American Museum expedition to Mongolia in 1922–25.

Osborn named and wrote the first descriptions of _Tyrannosaurus rex_ and _Velociraptor_, and many other dinosaurs. The historian Edward J. Larson described Osborn as "a first-rate science administrator and a third-rate scientist." This seems rather an extreme view: some of the problems he faced are still problems today. For example, he studied _Struthiomimus_, which is a lightweight running dinosaur. Its lifestyle is still not very clear today.

Under his leadership, staff of the American Museum of Natural History worked on displays. The museum became one of the top exhibitions in the early twentieth century. As a result, the murals, habitat dioramas, and dinosaur mounts attracted millions of visitors, and inspired other museums to imitate. His decision to invest heavily in exhibitions angered curators who hoped to spend more time on their own research.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Henry Fairfield Osborn
- **image**: H. F. Osborn.jpg
- **caption**: Photo from 1919
- **birth date**: August 8, 1857
- **birth place**: Fairfield, Connecticut, U.S.
- **death date**: November 6, 1935
- **known for**: Geology, paleontology, eugenics
- **alma mater**: Princeton University
Canada's Wonderland

**Canada's Wonderland** is a theme park in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. It opened in 1981. It is the largest theme park in Canada.
Six Flags America

**Six Flags America** is a theme park in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.

Six Flags announces it will invest $1 billion in its amusement parks

## Other websites

- Six Flags America official website

## Infobox (amusement park)

- **name**: Six Flags America
- **image**:
- **caption**: Six Flags America in July 2010
- **location**: Upper Marlboro, Maryland, Upper Marlboro
- **location2**: Maryland
- **location3**: U.S.
- **opening date**: 1974
- **previous names**: _Largo Wildlife Preserve_ <span style="white-space: nowrap">- 1974 to 1978 </span>
_Wild Country_ <span style="white-space: nowrap">- 1978 to 1981 </span>
_Wild World_ <span style="white-space: nowrap">- 1982 to 1993</span>
_Adventure World_ <span style="white-space: nowrap">- 1994 to 1998</span>
- **area**: s (131 acres currently used for park operations)
- **season**: March through October
- **rides**: 54
- **coasters**: 9
- **owner**: Six Flags
Pink elephant

**Seeing pink elephants** is a figure of speech, that is used to describe a hallucination which is caused by alcohol, or delirium tremens. Jack London was among the first to use the term, in 1913. In the autobiographical novel John Barleycorn, he describes one kind of alcoholic,  as "the man whom we all know, stupid, unimaginative, whose brain is bitten numbly by numb maggots; who walks generously with wide-spread, tentative legs, falls frequently in the gutter, and who sees, in the extremity of his ecstasy, blue mice and _pink elephants_. He is the type that gives rise to the jokes in the funny papers."  A reference to pink elephants occurs in the 1941 Disney animated film _Dumbo_. Dumbo takes a drink of water from a bucket spiked with champagne and  begins to hallucinate singing and dancing elephants in a segment known as "Pink Elephants on Parade".

Pink elephants do exist in nature, as it is possible for albino elephants to be pink, as well as white.
Karim Findi

**Karim Findi** (1946 Dahuk - Kurdistan Region - Iraq) author and Kurdish<nowiki/>writer.

In 1974 graduated at University of Mosul– English Department.

He has a lot of books in many subject such as politics, geography, language, literature, history in different language English, Kurdish, Arabic.

It was one of the founders of the Kurdistan Journalists Syndicate.

Was a chief Editor of Karwan Magazine, a secretary of Karwan Academic magazine and a chief Editor of Dijla magazine the first Latin Lettered Magazine,issued by Ministry of culture, Kurdistan Region.
Unpredictable

**Unpredictable** is the second studio album by Jamie Foxx. The album was released on December 20, 2005. It was first studio album in 11 years.
Six Flags Discovery Kingdom

**Six Flags Discovery Kingdom** is a 135-acre (55 ha) animal theme park located in Vallejo, California. The park includes a variety of roller coasters and other amusement rides. It has a collection of animal exhibits and shows. Discovery Kingdom has been part of the Six Flags chain of amusement parks since 1999.

## Infobox (amusement park)

- **name**: Six Flags Discovery Kingdom
- **location**: Vallejo, California, United States
- **previous names**: Marine World, Marine World Africa USA, The New Marine World Theme Park, Six Flags Marine World
- **season**: Year Round
- **opening date**: 1968
- **rides**: 38
- **coasters**: 8
- **water rides**: 3
- **owner**: Six Flags
Six Flags Fiesta Texas

**Six Flags Fiesta Texas** is a theme park in San Antonio, Texas.
Keller

**Keller** is a German family name. It means "cellar" or "basement". It is also a version of the Old Gaelic _O'Ceileachair_, which means 'companionable' or 'uxurious'.

People with the name Keller include Helen Keller and Marthe Keller.
Six Flags New England

**Six Flags New England** is a theme park in Agawam, Massachusetts.
La Ronde (amusement park)

**La Ronde** is a theme park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Stephan Beckenbauer

**Stephan Beckenbauer** (1 December 1968 – 1 August 2015) was a German footballer, born in Munich. He was a son of Franz Beckenbauer. He played with FC Bayern Munich. He also played for 1. FC Saarbrücken. Beckenbauer was latterly a scout and coach with Bayern Munich.

Beckenbauer died in Munich on 1 August 2015, after a long illness, aged 46.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Stephan Beckenbauer
- **birth place**: Munich, West Germany
- **death place**: Munich, Germany
- **height**: 1.88 m
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthclubs1**: Bayern Munich Junior Team, Bayern Munich
- **years1**: 1986–1988
- **clubs1**: FC Bayern Munich II, Bayern Munich II
- **years2**: 1988–1990
- **clubs2**: TSV 1860 München, 1860 Munich
- **caps2**: 31
- **goals2**: 1
- **years3**: 1990–1991
- **clubs3**: Kickers Offenbach
- **years4**: 1991–1992
- **clubs4**: FC Grenchen
- **years5**: 1992–1994
- **clubs5**: 1. FC Saarbrücken
- **caps5**: 24
- **goals5**: 1
- **years6**: 1994–1997
- **clubs6**: FC Bayern Munich II, Bayern Munich II
- **caps6**: 22
- **goals6**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1998–2015
- **managerclubs1**: Bayern Munich Junior Team, Bayern Munich (youth)
Piet Fransen

**Piet Fransen** (5 July 1936 – 2 August 2015) was a Dutch footballer who played as a midfielder.

He made his debut for the Netherlands in an October 1964 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Albania and has earned a total of 6 caps, scoring 1 goal. He represented his country in 3 FIFA World Cup qualification matches.

Fransen died on 2 August 2015 in Groningen, aged 79.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Piet Fransen
- **image**: Piet Fransen (1965).jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Fransen in 1965
- **birth place**: Groningen (city), Groningen, Netherlands
- **death place**: Groningen, Netherlands
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Velocitas 1897
- **years1**: 1956–1957
- **clubs1**: Velocitas 1897
- **years2**: 1957–1965
- **clubs2**: FC Groningen, GVAV
- **caps2**: 190
- **goals2**: 41
- **years3**: 1965–1966
- **clubs3**: Feyenoord
- **caps3**: 40
- **goals3**: 6
- **years4**: 1967–1970
- **clubs4**: FC Groningen, GVAV
- **caps4**: 101
- **goals4**: 12
- **years5**: 1971–1973
- **clubs5**: FC Groningen
- **caps5**: 65
- **goals5**: 5
- **totalcaps**: 331
- **totalgoals**: 59
- **nationalyears1**: 1964–1966
- **nationalteam1**: Netherlands national football team, Netherlands
- **nationalcaps1**: 6
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
David H. Koch

**David Hamilton Koch** (; May 3, 1940 – August 23, 2019) was an American businessman, philanthropist, political activist, and chemical engineer. He joined the family business Koch Industries. He became president of the subsidiary Koch Engineering in 1979. He became a co-owner  of Koch Industries, with older brother Charles, in 1983.  He was an executive vice president.

On June 5, 2018, the company announced his retirement from the company due to declining health issues.

Koch died at his Southampton, New York home from prostate cancer on August 23, 2019 at the age of 79.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: David H. Koch
- **image**: David Koch by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Koch in 2015
- **birth name**: David Hamilton Koch
- **birth place**: Wichita, Kansas, U.S.
- **death place**: Southampton, New York, Southampton, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **monuments**: David H. Koch Theater
- **citizenship**: American
- **known for**: Philanthropy to cultural and medical institutions;
 Support of libertarian and conservative causes
- **education**: Master of Science, M.S. in Chemical Engineering
- **alma mater**: Massachusetts Institute of Technology <small>(B.S., Master of Science, M.S.)</small>
- **occupation**: Executive vice president, VP of Koch Industries
- **party**: Libertarian Party (United States), Libertarian (before 1984), Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **opponents**: Ran on Libertarian ticket for Vice President in United States presidential election, 1980, 1980 election against Jimmy Carter, Carter–Walter Mondale, Mondale, and Ronald Reagan, Reagan–George H. W. Bush, Bush
- **boards**: Aspen Institute, Cato Institute, Reason Foundation, Americans for Prosperity, Americans for Prosperity Foundation, WGBH Educational Foundation, WGBH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Americans for Prosperity, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Metropolitan Museum of Art, American Ballet Theatre, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Deerfield Academy, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, American Museum of Natural History
- **spouse**: Julia M. Flesher Koch
- **children**: David Koch Jr.
Mary Julia Koch
John Mark Koch
- **parents**: Fred Koch
Mary Robinson
- **awards**: Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters – Cambridge College;
Corporate Citizens Award – Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Koch Industries

**Koch Industries, Inc.**  is an American multinational corporation based in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It involves manufacturing, trading, and investments. It was founded as **Wood River Oil and Refining Company** in 1940, and later as **Rock Island Oil & Refining Company**.

Charles Koch is the chairman and David H. Koch was the vice chairman until his death in 2019.

## Other websites

- Koch Industries
Fred C. Koch

**Fred Chase Koch** (; September 23, 1900 – November 17, 1967) was an American chemical engineer and entrepreneur who founded the oil refinery firm that later became Koch Industries, the second-largest privately held company in the United States.

Koch was born in Quanah, Texas. He died in Bear River City, Utah.
Dachau concentration camp

**Dachau concentration camp** (, ) was the first concentration camp the Nazis opened during World War II. It was built in 1933 by Heinrich Himmler and was open longer than any other Nazi concentration camp.

The camp was located on the grounds of an old munitions factory. It was southeast of the medieval town of Dachau, about  northwest of Munich in the state of Bavaria, in southern Germany.

The Dachau camp system grew to include nearly 100 sub-camps. These were mostly work camps (_Arbeitskommandos),_ and were located throughout southern Germany and Austria.

Between 1933 and 1945, the Nazis imprisoned over 200,000 people at Dachau and killed at least 40,000.

## History

Dachau's original purpose was to hold political prisoners. Then the Nazis began using it for forced labor and to imprison German and Austrian criminals.

Nazi Germany invaded and occupied many countries during World War II.  Eventually, the Nazis deported people from these countries to Dachau. It became a death camp for Jews. Tens of thousands of Jews were executed there or died of starvation, disease, or overwork. Nazi doctors also used Jews and other prisoners for high-altitude medical experiments, which were often fatal.

The camps were liberated (freed) by the United States Army in the spring of 1945.

## Deaths

It is not clear how many people died at Dachau, because complete records do not exist. The Nazis removed or burned their important records three weeks before the United States Army reached the camp. Estimates of the number of people who died here vary widely.

A few days before the Americans arrived, Germans began evacuating prisoners. But the Germans were badly organized and did not remove all of the prisoners. Just before the camp was liberated 7,000 prisoners had arrived at Dachau on trains from Buchenwald concentration camp. When the liberators found the last train 2,000 of the 4,000 prisoners on it were dead.

In its official report in 1945, the United States Seventh Army said that 229,000 people were imprisoned at Dachau between 1933 and 1945. In 2000, Michael Perry proposed a similar number: 228,930. This includes the 7,000 prisoners who arrived from Buchenwald just before the camp was liberated.
Bełżec extermination camp

**Bełżec** (, in ), was a Nazi extermination camp (a death camp) during the Holocaust. It operated during World War II, from  to the end of .

In those eight months, around 450,000 Jews were murdered at the camp by the Schutzstaffel (SS), the Nazis' paramilitary organization. The SS also killed an unknown number of Christian Poles and Roma people at Bełżec.

Bełżec was the first Nazi camp that used permanent gas chambers to kill prisoners.

## History

As part of Adolf Hitler's "Final Solution", the Nazis made plans to kill every one of Europe's 11 million Jews. In 1941 they created the first death camp at Chelmno in Poland. It was a killing center designed to mass-murder Jews.

Then, in 1942, the Nazis launched Operation Reinhard. This was a plan to kill every Jew in the General Government (a part of German-occupied Poland) - around 2 million people. The plan called for three more killing centers to be built. Bełżec was the first new death camp the Nazis built.

## Location

The camp was located in the village of Bełżec in German-occupied Poland. It was about  south of the local railroad station, which made it easy to transport large numbers of deported Jews there.

## Legacy

Only seven Jews who worked as slave laborers in Bełżec's _Sonderkommando_ survived World War II. Just one of them submitted postwar testimony officially.

Because there are so few witnesses who can testify about the camp's operation, very little is known about Bełżec.

## Notable people

- Elsa Binder ( 1920  1942), a Polish-born Jewish diarist, may have lived and died at Bełżec

## Related pages

- Extermination camps
- Nazi concentration camps
- Nazi Germany
- The Final Solution
- The Holocaust
- Antisemitism
My Kind of Town

_"My Kind of Town"** or **"My Kind of Town (Chicago Is)"_' is a popular song composed by Jimmy Van Heusen, with lyrics by Sammy Cahn. It was originally part of the musical score for _Robin and the 7 Hoods_, a 1964 musical film starring several members of the Rat Pack. It was nominated for the 1964 Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to "Chim Chim Cher-ee" from _Mary Poppins_. Frank Sinatra recorded several versions which have appeared on many of his albums.
Sweet Home Chicago

"**Sweet Home Chicago**" is a blues standard first recorded by Robert Johnson in 1937. The song has become a popular anthem for the city of Chicago. Many artists have rerecorded the song such as B.B. King and Buddy Guy.
Sammy Cahn

**Samuel Cohen** (June 18, 1913 – January 15, 1993), known professionally as **Sammy Cahn**, was an American lyricist, songwriter and musician. He is best known for his romantic lyrics to movies and Broadway songs. His most famous song is "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!". He was born in New York City.

Cahn won the Academy Award for Best Original Song four times, for the following songs:
- 1954 – "Three Coins in the Fountain" (music by Jule Styne) introduced by Frank Sinatra in the movie _Three Coins in the Fountain_.
- 1957 – "All the Way" (music by Jimmy Van Heusen) introduced by Frank Sinatra in the movie _The Joker Is Wild_.
- 1959 – "High Hopes" (music by Van Heusen) introduced by Frank Sinatra and Eddie Hodges in the movie _A Hole in the Head_.
- 1963 – "Call Me Irresponsible" (music by Van Heusen) introduced by Jackie Gleason in the movie _Papa's Delicate Condition_.

Cahn died in Los Angeles, California from heart failure, aged 79.

## Other websites

- Sammy Cahn Centennial Tribute
- The Sammy Film Music Awards
- Sammy Cahn papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Jim Rivera

**Manuel Joseph "Jim" Rivera** (July 22, 1921 – November 13, 2017) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder. He played for three teams over ten seasons: St. Louis Browns (1952), Chicago White Sox (1952–1961) and Kansas City Athletics (1961).

Rivera died on November 13, 2017 in Fort Wayne, Indiana at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Baseball Library
- Smiley, Richard, _Jim Rivera,_ SABR Baseball Biography Project]

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Jim Rivera
- **position**: Outfielder
- **image**: Jim Rivera 1959.jpg
- **bats**: Left
- **throws**: Left
- **birth place**: New York City, New York
- **death place**: Fort Wayne, Indiana
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: April 15
- **debutyear**: 1952
- **debutteam**: St. Louis Browns
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: September 30
- **finalyear**: 1961
- **finalteam**: Kansas City Athletics
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .256
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 83
- **stat3label**: Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 422
- **teams**: *Baltimore Orioles#St. Louis Browns, St. Louis Browns ()
*Chicago White Sox (–)
*Kansas City Athletics ()
- **highlights**: *List of Major League Baseball annual stolen base leaders, AL stolen base leader (1955)
Curt Simmons

**Curtis Thomas "Curt" Simmons**  (May 19, 1929 – December 13, 2022) is a former left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1947 to 1950 and 1952 to 1967. He was born in Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania.

He played for the Philadelphia Phillies from 1947 through 1960. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1960 through 1966. Then he played for the Chicago Cubs from 1966 through 1967. And then he played for the California Angels in 1967 until his retirement later that year.
John H. Gibbons (scientist)

**John Howard "Jack" Gibbons** (January 15, 1929 – July 17, 2015) was an American scientist, nuclear physicist, and internationally recognized expert in technologies for energy efficiency and energy resource conservation. He served as the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy under President Bill Clinton from 1993-1998.

## Other websites

- Dr. John H. Gibbons Home Page
- Dr. John H. Gibbons Curriculum Vita
- Dr. John H. Gibbons Biography - Short
- White House Biography

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: John Howard Gibbons
- **image**: Dr_Gibbons_USDA.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: John Gibbons (right)
- **birth place**: Harrisonburg, Virginia
- **death place**: Crozet, Virginia
- **citizenship**: American
- **nationality**: USA
- **fields**: Math, Chemistry (B.S.) Nuclear Physics (Ph.D.)
- **workplaces**: Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
- **alma mater**: Randolph-Macon College, B.S.  & Duke University, Ph.D.
- **known for**: Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy; Director of the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
David A. Patterson

**David Andrew Patterson** (born November 16, 1947) is an American computer pioneer and academic. He has held the position of Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley since 1976.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: David Patterson
- **image**: David A Patterson.jpg
- **birth place**: Evergreen Park, Illinois
- **nationality**: United States of America, American
- **workplaces**: University of California, Berkeley
- **alma mater**: UCLA
- **doctoral advisor**: David F. Martin
Gerald Estrin
- **doctoral students**: Garth A. Gibson
David Ungar
- **thesis title**: Verification of Microprograms
- **thesis year**: 1976
- **known for**: RISC
RAID
Network of Workstations
- **awards**: Eckert–Mauchly Award (2008)
 ACM Distinguished Service Award (2007)
 Computer History Museum Fellow (2007)
 National Academy of Engineering Member
 National Academy of Sciences Member
 American Association for the Advancement of Science, AAAS Fellow
 Association for Computing Machinery, ACM Fellow (1994)
 IEEE Fellow
 [http://awards.acm.org/award_winners/patterson_2316693.cfm Karl Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award] (1991)
Howard W. Jones

**Howard Wilbur Jones, Jr.** (December 30, 1910 – July 31, 2015) was an American gynecological surgeon and in vitro fertilization (IVF) specialist. Jones and his wife, Georgeanna Seegar Jones, were two of the earliest reproductive medicine specialists in the United States.

They established the reproductive medicine center that was responsible for the birth of the first IVF baby in the U.S. He wrote articles on the beginning of human personhood and testified before legislators on the same subject. He was one of the early physicians to perform sex reassignment surgeries.

Jones was on the faculty at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine from the 1940s until his mandatory retirement from the institution in 1978.

Jones was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied at Amherst College. Jones died in Norfolk, Virginia from respiratory failure, aged 104.
Jerome Kohlberg Jr.

**Jerome Kohlberg, Jr.** (July 10, 1925 – July 30, 2015) was an American businessman and early pioneer in the private equity and leveraged buyout industries founding private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and later Kohlberg & Company.

Kohlberg, Jr. died in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts from cancer at the age of 90.

## Other websites

- Forbes.com: Forbes World's Richest People  (2004)
- Kohlberg's entry on Forbes 2006 list
Amartya Sen

**Amartya Kumar Sen** (born November 3, 1933) is an Indian economist. Since 1956, he has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. He worked in welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, and indexes of the measure of well-being of citizens of developing countries.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998 and Bharat Ratna in 1999 for his work in welfare economics. He was also awarded the inaugural Charleston-EFG John Maynard Keynes Prize in recognition of his work on welfare economics in February 2015 during a reception at the Royal Academy in the UK.

## Other websites

- Amartya Sen  at Harvard University
- The Possibility of Social Choice 1998 lecture at NobelPrize.org
- Profile and Papers at Research Papers in Economics/RePEc

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Amartya Sen
- **native name**: অমর্ত্য সেন
- **native name lang**: bn
- **image**: Amartya Sen 2012.jpg
- **caption**: Sen in 2012
- **birth place**: Shantiniketan, then-British India
- **nationality**: Indian
- **spouse**: Nabaneeta Dev Sen, Nabaneeta Dev <small>(1958–1976)</small>
Eva Colorni <small>(1978–1985)</small>
Emma Georgina Rothschild, Emma Rothschild <small>(m. 1991)</small>
- **children**: Nandana Sen
- **alma mater**: Presidency University, Kolkata, Presidency College of the University of Calcutta <small>(BA)</small>,
Trinity College, Cambridge <small>(BA, MA, PhD)</small>
- **field**: Welfare economics, development economics, ethics
- **awards**: Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1998)
Bharat Ratna (1999)
National Humanities Medal (2012)
George Stigler

**George Joseph Stigler** (January 17, 1911 – December 1, 1991) was an American economist. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1982. He was a key leader of the Chicago School of Economics, along with Milton Friedman. He was born in Seattle, Washington.

Stigler died in Chicago, Illinois from heart failure, aged 80.

## Other websites

- Biographical Memoir: George Joseph Stigler  by his friend and colleague Milton Friedman
- George Stigler's seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation.
Traunstein (mountain)

**Traunstein**  is the highest mountain on the east side of Lake Traunsee. It is in the district of Gmunden, Austria. The Traunstein is 1691 metres (5548 ft) high. The height is the reason why it can be seen from very far away.

On the top are two cabins, the Naturfreundehütte and the Gmundnerhütte.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Traunstein
- **photo**: Traunstein_traunkirchen.jpg
- **photo caption**: Traunstein from Traunkirchen
- **elevation m**: 1691
- **prominence m**: 694
- **map**: Austria
- **map caption**: Location in Austria
- **map size**: 325
- **label position**: bottom
- **location**: Upper Austria, Austria
- **range**: Upper Austrian Prealps
Sensory overload

**Sensory overload** is when one or more of the body's senses experiences over-stimulation from the environment. There are many things that impact an individual. Examples of these elements are urbanization, crowding, noise, mass media, technology, and the explosive growth of information. Sensory overload is commonly associated with sensory processing disorder. Like its opposite sensory deprivation, it has been used as a means of torture.

## Symptoms

There are a variety of symptoms that have may cause sensory overload. These symptoms can occur in both children and adults. Some of these symptoms are:
- Irritability
- "Shuts down", or refuses to participate in activities and/or interact with others
- Avoids touching or being touched
- Gets overexcited
- Covers eyes around bright lights
- Makes poor eye contact
- Covers ears to close out sounds or voices
- Complains about noises that do not affect others
- Having difficulty focusing on an activity
- Constantly changing activities, never completing a task
- Irritation caused by shoes, socks, tags, or different textures
- Over-sensitivity to touch, movement, sights, and/or sounds
- Has trouble with social interactions
- Extremely high or extremely low activity levels
- Muscle tension
- Fidgeting and restlessness
- Angry outbursts
- Sleeplessness/fatigue
- Difficulty concentrating
Glow in the Park Parade

**Glow in the Park Parade** is a parade that takes place every night during the summer months at Six Flags Mexico.