Shirley Jackson

**Shirley Jackson** (December 14, 1916, San Francisco, California – August 8, 1965, Bennington, Vermont) was an important American author. A popular writer in her time, her work has received even more attention from literary critics in recent years. She has influenced such writers as Neil Gaiman, Stephen King, Nigel Kneale and Richard Matheson.

## Life

Born Shirley Hardie Jackson in San Francisco in 1916 to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson, Shirley and her family lived in Burlingame, California, a wealthy middle-class suburb. Shirley spent most of her early life in California. The Jackson family then moved to Rochester, New York, where Shirley attended Brighton High School and graduated in 1934. For college, she first attended the University of Rochester before graduating from Syracuse University in 1940.

She got married in 1940 to Stanley Edgar Hyman a literary critic. They had four children:Laurence (Laurie), Joanne (Jannie), Sarah (Sally), and Barry. The Hyman family lived in Vermont, in a quiet rural community and far away from city life. In 1965, Shirley Jackson died of heart failure in her sleep at the age of 48. Shirley suffered all through her life from various neuroses and psychosomatic illness. These illnesses, along with the various prescription drugs used to treat them, overweight and heavy smoking, led to her poor health and early death.

## Literary works

She is best known for "The Lottery" (1948), which suggests a deeply unsettling dark underside in human nature in suburban small-town America. This short story was first published in The New Yorker  on June 28, 1948. Jackson may have taken pleasure in the destructive impact of her work, as evidenced by Hyman's statement that she "was always proud that the Union of South Africa banned "The Lottery", and she felt that they at least understood the story. Larry Yust made this story into a short film which was banned in Boston.

About Jackson's first novel, _The Road Through the Wall_ (1948), her husband described Shirley Jackson as someone who practiced witchcraft. Shirley later wrote about witchcraft accusations in her book for young readers, _The Witchcraft of Salem Village_ (1956).

Her other novels include _Hangsaman_ (1951), _The Bird's Nest_ (1954), _The Sundial_ (1958) and The _Haunting of Hill House_ (1959), regarded by many as one of the important horror novels of the 20th Century.

Shirley continued to publish novels and short stories while caring for their children. Eventually her four children would appear in their mother's short stories; In a series of the short stories, later collected in the books _Life Among the Savages_ and _Raising Demons_, she presented a fictionalized version of her marriage and the experience of raising four children.

In addition to her adult literary novels, Shirley also wrote a children's novel, _Nine Magic Wishes_ as well as a children's play based on _Hansel and Gretel_ and entitled The _Bad Children_.

## Shirley Jackson Awards

The first annual Shirley Jackson Awards for "outstanding achievement in the literature of psychological suspense, horror and the dark fantastic" were presented July 20, 2008. The jurors were John Langan, Sarah Langan, Paul G. Tremblay and F. Brett Cox.

The winners were:

- Novel: _Generation Loss_ by Elizabeth Hand
- Novella: "Vacancy" by Lucius Shepard
- Novelette: "The Janus Tree" by Glen Hirshberg
- Short Story: "The Monsters of Heaven" by Nathan Ballingrud
- Collection: _The Imago Sequence and Other Stories_ by Laird Barron
- Anthology: _Inferno_ edited by Ellen Datlow

## References

- Shirley Jackson Awards
- Potrzebie: Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"
- Kosenko, Peter. "A Reading of Shirley Jackson's The Lottery". New Orleans Review, vol. 12, no. 1 (Spring 1985), pp. 27–32.
- Murphy, Bernice. Shirley Jackson: Essays on the Literary Legacy.
- Oppenheimer, Judy. Private Demons: The Life of Shirley Jackson. New York: Putnam, 1988.
- Shapiro, Laura. Something from the Oven: Reinventing Dinner in 1950s America.
- Shirley Jackson Papers. Library of Congress, Washington DC.