juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rhön

The **Rhön** are a group of low mountains in central Germany, in the states Hesse, Bavaria and Thuringia. They are the product of ancient volcanic activity and are separated from the Vogelsberg Mountains by the Fulda River and its valley.

These mountains are a popular tourist attraction. Hikers come for the nearly 6,000 km (3,750 miles) of tracks through the picturesque scenery, and gliding has been done here since the early Twentieth century. Nowadays people come here to stay on a farm during holidays, too.

Since 1991, UNESCO has declared the Rhön a Biosphere Reserve.

The highest mountains of the Rhön are:
- Wasserkuppe 950 m (3,110 ft), (Hessian Rhön)
- Kreuzberg (mountain) 928 m (3,040 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
- Schwabenhimmel 926 m (3,040 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
- Heidelstein 913 m (3,000 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
- Milseburg 835 m (2,740 ft) (Hessian Rhön)
- Feuerberg 832 m (2,730 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
- Ellenbogen 814 m (2,670 ft) (Thuringian Rhön)

## Other websites

- Rhön tourism portal
- The Rhön hiking club (in German)
- white pages and websites of Fulda and the hessian Rhön (in German)
- 360 degree virtual tour through the hessian Rhön (in German)
- Orchids of the Rhön, with many informations about Rhön's nature (in German)
LZ 129 Hindenburg

The **LZ 129 Hindenburg** was a large German airship, built in 1936. It was named in honor of the  German field marshal and statesman Paul von Hindenburg. Such airships are called Zeppelin. Along with another Zeppelin, LZ 130 Graf Zeppelin, it was the biggest airship in the world at the time it was built.

The Zeppelin gained lots of publicity and became very famous. The boxer Max Schmeling flew on it back to Germany after defeating Joe Louis in the United States. It was also present during the opening ceremony of the 1936 Summer Olympics which were held in Berlin. This attention was part of the Zeppelin company's plan to offer a fleet of their airships for trans-atlantic service.

## The disaster

On May 6, 1937, the Hindenburg was landing in New Jersey after a transatlantic flight, when it burst into flames. 36 people died and many were injured.  The Hindenburg was destroyed by the burning of the hydrogen that was inside it.  There are many opinions on what started the fire.

An announcer, Herbert Morrison reported the landing and then screamed and said, "Oh the humanity" after it caught on fire. Morrison's line is now famous around the world as well as photos and film footage of the disaster.

The rock group Led Zeppelin used a picture of the fire for the cover of their self-titled debut album.
Vogelsberg Mountains

The **Vogelsberg Mountains** are a group of low mountains in central Germany. They are in the middle of the state of Hessen. They are the product of ancient volcanic activity and are separated from the Rhön Mountains by the Fulda River and its valley.

The Vogelsberg is about 19 million years old. It is Germany's only shield volcano. It is the largest basalt formation of Central Europe. It consists of many layers which fall downward from their peak in ring-shaped terraces to the base.

The highest mountains of the Vogelsberg are Taufstein, 773 m (2,536 ft), and Hoherodskopf, 763 m (2,503 ft). Both are now in a national park, the Hoher Vogelsberg Nature Reserve.
Fulda River

The **Fulda** is a river in Hesse, Germany. It is one of two headstreams of the Weser River (the other one being the Werra). The Fulda River is 218 km in length.

The source is in the Rhön mountains. From here it runs northwards through the Weserbergland hills and finally meets the Werra River close to Hannoversch Münden.

Cities along the Fulda River include:

- Gersfeld
- Fulda
- Bad Hersfeld
- Rotenburg
- Melsungen
- Kassel
Gonadotropin

**Gonadotropins** (or **Gonadotrophins**) are hormones. The two main hormones of the group are Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Gonadotropins are hormones that tell the testicles to make sperm or the uterus to release an egg. Basically it’s part of the make hormonal reproduction center
De Lorean Motor Company

The **DeLorean Motor Company** was a car manufacturer formed by John DeLorean in 1975.  The company only made one car during its existence - the DMC-12, which has featured in the science fiction series _Back to the Future_ as a time machine created by Doc Emmett Brown.

In 1957, John Z. DeLorean decided to create his own sports car.  It was one of his childhood dreams.  He created the DeLorean Motors Company near Belfast, Northern Ireland, and his project was helped by the British government.  His first car, the DMC-12, was produced in 1981.  When the car was publicly launched, the car was a success, and 6,539 DMC-12s were produced in 1981.  The car was expensive, and regarded as underpowered for its cost.

Production of the DMC-12 continued until 1983, when the DeLorean Motors Company had money problems.  John Z. De Lorean was later arrested by police for trafficking cocaine. Production of DeLorean cars was stopped.

At present, 6000 De Lorean are used regularly by their owners, and a big majority is in the USA.
Stargate SG-1

***Stargate SG-1*** is a science fiction television program. It takes place after the movie _Stargate_. The show started on July 27, 1997 on the TV channel _Showtime_, from 1997 to 2002, and then on the TV channel _Sci Fi_, from 2002 to 2007. The first episode, "Children of the Gods" was two hours long and was rated R because of a scene of nudity. It is the only episode in the series that was rated. The show ended with the episode, "Unending" on March 13, 2007.

The show follows the missions of a secret military operation known as the Stargate Program. It is run out of a base under Cheyenne Mountain, known as Stargate Command (commonly called the SGC). The plot of the show revolves around the flagship team, called SG-1. The team is made up of Colonel Jack O'Neill (Richard Dean Anderson), Dr. Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks), Major Samantha Carter (Amanda Tapping), and Teal'c (Christopher Judge).

## Episodes

Season 1:
1. Children of the Gods
1. The Enemy Within
1. Emancipation
1. The Broca Divide
1. The First Commandment
1. Cold Lazarus
1. The Nox
1. Brief Candle
1. Thor's Hammer
1. The Torment of Tantalus
1. Bloodlines
1. Fire and Water
1. Hathor
1. Singularity
1. Cor-ai
1. Enigma
1. Solitudes
1. Tin Man
1. There But for the Grace of God
1. Politics
1. Within the Serpent's Grasp

## Related pages

- Stargate Atlantis
- Stargate Universe

## Other websites

- SciFi Channel _Stargate_ Website
- _Stargate SG-1_ Official Site
- GateWorld

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Richard Dean Anderson.jpg
- **caption**: Richard Dean Anderson, who plays General Jack O'Neill in the series
- **runtime**: 42 minutes, occasionally made longer to 63 minutes
- **creator**: Jonathan Glassner
Brad Wright
- **starring**: Richard Dean Anderson
Michael Shanks
Amanda Tapping
Christopher Judge
Don S. Davis
Corin Nemec
Ben Browder
Beau Bridges
 Claudia Black
- **country**: United States
Canada
- **network**: Showtime
(1997–2002)
Sci Fi Channel (United States), Sci Fi
(2002–2007)
- **related**: _Stargate Atlantis_
- **num episodes**: 214 <small>(List of Stargate SG-1 episodes)</small>
2 <small>(DVD movies in the making)</small>
Stargate Atlantis

***Stargate Atlantis*** is a television series. It is a spin-off of the _Stargate SG-1_ series. The series starts at the beginning of the eighth season of _Stargate SG-1_. Mika McKinnon was a science adviser for this show and _Stargate Universe_.

## Story

The main subject of the seventh season of _Stargate SG-1_ was researching and locating the city of the Ancients. At the end of the seventh season, SG-1 discovered that the city is on Earth, under the ices of Antarctica. But it was in fact only a beachhead. Doctor Daniel Jackson finds the coordinates of the real city. Its name is Atlantis (the legendary ancient city), and it's in the Pegasus galaxy. The address was hard to find because it needs eight chevrons, the seventh of which is used to indicate the galaxy.

## Other websites

- MGM: _Stargate Atlantis_
- SCI FI: _Stargate Atlantis_
- _Stargate Atlantis_ episode guide at GateWorld
- _Stargate Atlantis Links Directory_ at GateGuide

## Infobox (television)

- **company**: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
- **theme music composer**: Joel Goldsmith
- **runtime**: 43 minutes approximately
- **network**: Syfy, Sci Fi Channel
- **num seasons**: 5
- **num episodes**: 100
- **related**: _Stargate Universe_
Enchilada

**Enchilada** is a traditional Mexican dish. The words comes from _enchilar_, which means _add Chili peppers to something_. The traditional enchilada sauce mainly consists of Chile peppers. The basis for the enchilada is tortilla, made from maize. After that,a certain kind of meat (usually birds, like chicken or turkey) is added. Some people also add onions and cheese.

## Recipes

- Easy Enchiladas
- Enchiladas Suiza
- Enchiladas Verde (Green Enchiladas)
- Breakfast Enchiladas
- Enchilame
Byzantine art

**Byzantine art** is a form of Christian Greek art of the Eastern Roman Empire (now called the Byzantine Empire) from about the 5th century to the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

However, the term can also be for other the art of countries who shared their culture with the Byzantine Empire, including Bulgaria, Serbia and Rus. The Republic of Venice and Kingdom of Sicily can also be included even though they were part of Western European culture. Art that was produced by Balkan and Anatolian Christians who lived in the Ottoman Empire is often called "post-Byzantine." Certain traditions that began in the Byzantine Empire, particularly icon painting and church architecture, are still current in Greece, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries.

## Related pages

- Icon
- Basilica
- Tempera
- Mosaic
- List of Renaissance artists

## Other websites

- The Glory of Byzantium. Exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Hel (realm)

**Hel** is one of the nine worlds of Norse mythology. It is where the mortal dead gather after life if their death was dishonourable. Its ruler is the goddess Hel. Hel is located under the roots of the tree Yggdrasil. It can be reached via the river Gjöll. A bridge spans this river which is guarded by the giantess Modgrudr. Garm, a dog, guards the entrance to the castle of Hel. He only lets the dead souls enter however they cannot leave. A rooster is the companion of Garm. Its purpose in the realm of the gods is to wake them for Ragnarök, this rooster will also wake the souls of the dead.

The dragon Nidhögg eats from the corpses of deceased criminals. The wolf Fenrir also joins in on this feast.
Wrigley, Northwest Territories

**Wrigley** is a Canadian community in the Northwest Territories.
In 2021, 117 people lived there.
Stress

**Stress** could mean:

## Mechanical

- Stress (mechanics)
- Yield stress in mechanical engineering and rheology

## Biological

- Stress (biology), medical or psychological stress; types of medical stress include:
    - Stress (psychological), a feeling of mental strain or pressure
    - Chronic stress, persistent stress which can lead to illness and mental disorder
    - Eustress, positive stress that can lead to improved long-term functioning

## Music

- Accent (music)
- Stress (band), an early '80s melodic rock band from San Diego
- Stress (Neo-Psychedelic band), from the late 1980s
- Stress, a song by the French band Justice on their debut album _† (album)_

## Other

- Stress (game), card game
- Stress (linguistics), phonological use of prominence in language
Tabulating machine

The **tabulating machine** was a machine used to make the 1890 United States census. It was made by Herman Hollerith. Hollerith's machine used punched cards to store information with by categorisation.

The tabulating machine was an electromechanical machine designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punched cards. Invented by Herman Hollerith, the machine was developed to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census.Herman Hollerith's tabulator consisted of electrically-operated components that captured and processed census data by "reading" holes on paper punch cards.
Orcinus

***Orcinus*** is a genus of large toothed whales that include a only living species: Orca (_Orcinus orca_). The genus include extinct species such as the _Orcinus paleorca_ and the _O. citoniensis_. The _O. meyeri_ are in dispute.

## Related pages

- Killer whale
- Delphinidae
- Cetacea
FreeBASIC

**FreeBASIC** is a programming language like QuickBASIC. It is free and open source. It has many advanced things that other BASIC programming languages do not have. FreeBASIC can make graphical programs or console mode programs. It runs on DOS, Linux, and Microsoft Windows.

The FreeBASIC compiler can create itself.
Bohrium

**Bohrium** is a chemical element. At the periodic table of the elements it is at position 107.

The element is named in honor of Niels Bohr.

Mendeleev predicted that Bohrium would exist. He called the element **eka-rhenium** because of its location was near Rhenium in the Periodic Table. The chemistry of bohrium is like the chemistry of rhenium.

## Other websites

- WebElements.com - Bohrium
Fermium

**Fermium** (symbol **Fm**) is a chemical element. It has an atomic number of 100, which makes it at position 100 at the periodic table. Fermium cannot be found in nature; it has to be made.  Scientists can create it by combining plutonium with neutrons at very high speeds and temperatures.  It is named after Enrico Fermi.

## History

Albert Ghiorso and other scientists at the University of California, Berkeley first discovered fermium.  They found the element in the fallout from the explosion of the first successful hydrogen bomb test.  This test was on November 1, 1952.  In the fallout, scientists also discovered another new element, Einsteinium.  Because of the Cold War, the US military did not allow the scientists to publish their results in a scientific journal.  However, they conducted other studies and published their research in 1954.  The studies of nuclear fallout were declassified and published in 1955.

A group in the Nobel Institute for Physics in Stockholm also discovered isotopes of this element before the research of the Berkeley scientists was published.  However, most agree that the Berkeley scientists were the first to discover fermium.
Potash

**Potash** is a generic term for a chemical compound. It means the mixture of potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate left over in ashes. The wood was burnt to produce ashes, which were dissolved in water. The potash was then reacted with fat to produce soap.

## Related pages

- Potash alum
Broadcaster

**Broadcaster** may refer to:

- A **broadcasting** organization, one responsible for the production of radio and television programs and/or their transmission.
- A program presenter of any television or radio.
- A sports commentator on television or radio.
- Fender Telecaster, first known as the Broadcaster, a guitar made by Fender.
Longitudinal wave

A **longitudinal wave** is a wave in which the particle movement is parallel to the direction of the wave propagation. This means that the particles move left and right which in turn makes the other particles start to oscillate. This creates a wave. Longitudinal waves are also called pressure waves, and sound waves are the most common kinds.
As with other waves, the particles do not move with the wave.
Southbridge, Massachusetts

**Southbridge** is a city in the American state of Massachusetts. The city's nickname is "The Eye of the Commonwealth". It has a population of about 18,000.

Southbridge has a lot of history and tradition. The city was once home to the largest optical manufacturer in the world: American Optical. American Optical moved somewhere in Mexico where workers would be paid smaller wages. It is now called the Mexican Optical. Southbridge has a great economy. It is often called a mixing pot of cultures. There are many different ethnic groups in Southbridge.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Southbridge, Massachusetts
- **official name**: Town of Southbridge
- **nickname**: The Eye of the Commonwealth
- **image skyline**: Southbridge Town Hall.jpg
- **image caption**: Southbridge Town Hall
- **image flag**: Flag of Southbridge, Massachusetts.svg
- **image seal**: Seal of Southbridge, Massachusetts.svg
- **image map**: Worcester County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Southbridge highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Worcester County, Massachusetts, Worcester County and the state of Massachusetts
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision name1**: Massachusetts
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Massachusetts, County
- **subdivision name2**: Worcester County, Massachusetts, Worcester
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1730
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1816
- **government type**: Council-manager
- **leader title**: Town Manager
- **leader title1**: Town Council
- **area total km2**: 54.03
- **area total sq mi**: 20.86
- **area land km2**: 52.42
- **area land sq mi**: 20.24
- **area water km2**: 1.61
- **area water sq mi**: 0.62
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **settlement type**: Town
- **population total**: 17740
- **population density km2**: 338.44
- **population density sq mi**: 876.57
- **elevation m**: 149
- **elevation ft**: 489
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 01550
- **area code**: Area code 508, 508 / Area code 774, 774
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 25-63270
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0618383
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Tibetan language

The **Tibetan language** or **Standard Tibetan** is a Tibetic language spoken in Tibet, a region of China. It is one of the many Han–Tibetan languages.
It has been spoken for many centuries (since at least the 6th century, possibly earlier).

Tibetan has many dialects and Standard Tibetan is one of them. People who speak different dialects often cannot easily communicate with each other orally.

The Tibetan written language is not known by most Tibetans and is not taught in many Tibetan areas.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Standard Tibetan
- **nativename**:
_lha-sa'i skad_
- **states**: China
- **speakers**: 1.3 million
- **date**: 1990 census
- **speakers2**: ca. 5 million of broader Tibetan
- **script**: Tibetan alphabet
Tibetan Braille
- **familycolor**: Sino-Tibetan
- **fam2**: (Tibeto-Burman languages, Tibeto-Burman)
- **fam3**: Tibeto-Kanauri languages, Tibeto-Kanauri
- **fam4**: Bodish languages, Bodish
- **fam5**: Tibetic languages, Tibetic
- **fam6**: Central Tibetan language, Central Tibetan
- **ancestor**: Old Tibetan
- **ancestor2**: Classical Tibetan
- **nation**: * Tibet Autonomous Region
- **agency**: Committee for the Standardisation of the Tibetan Language
- **iso1**: bo
- **iso2b**: tib
- **iso2t**: bod
- **iso3**: bod
Aschaffenburg

**Aschaffenburg** (; East Franconian: _Aschebersch_ []) is a German city in the west of Franconia. It has a population of about 68,000. It is a part of the European metropolitan area of Frankfurt am Main.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Aschaffenburger Schloss, edit.jpg
- **image caption**: Schloss Johannisburg on the river Main (river), Main
- **image coa**: DEU Aschaffenburg COA.svg
- **state**: Bayern
- **region**: Lower Franconia
- **district**: Kreisfreie Stadt
- **elevation**: 138
- **area**: 62.45
- **population**: 67844
- **stand**: 2013-12-31
- **postal code**: 63739–63743 (old: 8750)
- **area code**: 06021, 06028 (Obernau)
- **licence**: AB
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 6 61 000
- **divisions**: 10 districts
- **mayor**: Klaus Herzog
- **bürgermeistertitel**: Oberbürgermeister
- **party**: SPD
Most Valuable Player

In sports, a **Most Valuable Player** award is an honour given to the player or players of a team that performed better than the other players throughout a league or contest. It was first used in professional sports, but is now used a lot in amateur sports and other things unrelated to sports, such as business and music awards. A similar award used in sports, often in soccer, is man of the match.
MVP

**MVP** could mean:
- Most Valuable Player
- Montel Vontavious Porter, an American professional wrestler
- Mitral valve prolapse, a heart valve disease
- _MVP: Most Valuable Primate_, a 2000 comedy movie
- Microsoft Most Valuable Professional, an award given by Microsoft
- MVP (band), a rap music band from New York
Icon (disambiguation)

An **icon** , from the Greek word for image, is a picture of something holy or divine. Icons in this sense are in use mainly in Eastern Christianity. Look in the article **Icon** for this meaning.

**Iconography** is the study of all types of images, such as their history and meaning. This is mostly used in art history. The word can also mean _symbolism_.

In other use, an _icon_ is a Pictogram for an object, facility, control, political party, government, or something like this. See Icon (secular).

**Icon** may also mean:
- Icon (magazine), a British magazine about building architecture and design
- _Icon_ (album), a music album by John Wetton and Geoff Downes
- _Icon_ (Paradise Lost album), a music album by British band Paradise Lost.
- _Icon_ (novel), a book by Frederick Forsyth
- _Icon_ (film), a film based on the book by Frederick Forsyth
- _Icon_ (comics), a comic book and its title character published by Milestone Media
- _ICON_ (journal), an annual journal of the International Society for the History of Technology (ICHOTEC)
- _Icons_ (TV series), a television documentary on TV channel G4
- "Icon" (Stargate SG-1), an episode of _Stargate SG-1_
- Cultural icon, something which is emblematic of a given culture

**In computing:**

- Computer icon, a pictogram used in the interface to represent a program, file, user, or other things.
- Icon-based game, a game that uses many icons
- Icon programming language, a programming language
- Unisys ICON, a computer developed for the Ontario school system.

**Other uses:**
- Icon Productions, Mel Gibson's film production company.
- ICON convention, the name of several annual science fiction conventions
- _iCon Steve Jobs_, a biography of Apple Computer founder and CEO Steve Jobs
- Iconicity, a concept in linguistics
- _DAAS Icon_, a music album by the Doug Anthony All Stars
- Dungeons & Dragons iconic characters, _Dungeons & Dragons_ characters representing different types in the game
Eastern Christianity

**Eastern Christianity** means the Christian traditions and churches which developed in Greece, the Balkans, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, East Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity.

## Denominations

There are especially five families of churches: the Assyrian Church of the East, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Eastern Catholic Churches, and Eastern Protestant Christianity.

## Western Christianity

On the other hand, there are the_ Western_ traditions of Christianity which mainly represented by the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, and most non-Eastern Protestant denominations.

## Related pages

- Protestantism
    - Baptist
    - Calvinism
    - Anglicanism
    - Lutheranism
- Protestant Reformation
- Roman Catholic Church

## Other websites

- Eastern Christian Churches
- Eastern Catholics  Information concerning Christians of Eastern rites who are in communion with, and under the jurisdiction of, the Pope, the Bishop of Rome.
- A site advocating unity between Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Christians.
- Eastern Christian Bible Resources - contains Lamsa Bible and more
Love Hina

***Love Hina*** is a Japanese manga. It was created by Ken Akamatsu. It tells the story Keitarô Urashima. Urashima is a Japanese student who tried to enter the famous university of Tokyo (Todai or Tokyô Daigaku). _Love Hina_ exists also as an animated series.

## Story

Keitarô Urashima is a 19-year-old boy who tries to study at the well known university of Todai. He tried three times and failed. He finally decides to go to the hotel of his aunt, the Hinata Hotel. When he got to the hotel, he found that it has been changed into a girls' hotel. The first time he met the people living in the hotel, they were not very happy to see him. Slowly, they began to accept him, even if he is clumsy and a pervert.

## Characters

- Keitarô Urashima: Keitarô is a 19-year-old boy who tries to study at Todai. He failed three times. When he was younger, Keitarô and a young girl made a promise to enter Todai when they were older. Keitarô still remembers this but cannot remember who this young girl was or what her name was.
- Naru Narusegawa: Naru is a 17-year-old girl. She was accepted to Todai. She is the best of her class. She has a bad temper and hits Keitarô when she is angry.
- Mutsumi Otohime: Mutsumi is a nice 20-year-old girl. She is clumsy and forgets things.
- Shinobu Maehara: Shinobu is a 14-year-old girl. She is very shy. She loves to clean and cook.
- Motoko Aoyama: Motoko is a 15-year-old girl. She is violent. She sometimes hits Keitarô with her sword.

## Infobox (animanga/header)

- **name**: Love Hina
- **ja kanji**: ラブ ひな
- **ja romaji**: Rabu Hina
- **genre**: Harem (genre), Harem, romantic comedy, slice of life


## Infobox (animanga/print)

- **type**: manga
- **author**: Ken Akamatsu
- **publisher**: Kodansha
- **demographic**: _Shōnen manga, Shōnen_
- **magazine**: Weekly Shōnen Magazine
- **first**: October 21, 1998
- **last**: October 31, 2001
- **volumes**: 14
- **volume list**: List of Love Hina chapters


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: tv series
- **director**: Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- **writer**: Shō Aikawa (screenwriter), Shō Aikawa
- **music**: Koichi Korenaga
- **studio**: Xebec (studio), Xebec
- **network**: TV Tokyo
- **first**: April 19, 2000
- **last**: September 27, 2000
- **episodes**: 25
- **episode list**: List of Love Hina episodes


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: ova
- **title**: Love Hina: Christmas Special
- **director**: Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- **writer**: Shō Aikawa (screenwriter), Shō Aikawa
- **studio**: Xebec (studio), Xebec
- **released**: December 25, 2000
- **runtime**: 44 minutes


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: ova
- **title**: Love Hina: Spring Special
- **director**: Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- **writer**: Shō Aikawa (screenwriter), Shō Aikawa
- **studio**: Xebec (studio), Xebec
- **released**: April 1, 2001
- **runtime**: 45 minutes


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: ova
- **title**: Love Hina Again
- **director**: Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- **writer**: Shō Aikawa (screenwriter), Shō Aikawa
- **studio**: Xebec (studio), Xebec
- **released**: January 26, 2002
- **runtime**: 30 minutes
- **episodes**: 3
- **episode list**: List of Love Hina episodes#OVAs


## Infobox (animanga/footer)
Super Nintendo Entertainment System

The **Super Nintendo Entertainment System** (often shortened to _SNES_ or _Super NES_) is a 16-bit video game console created by Nintendo, released first in 1990. It is the successor to the NES. It was called the **Super Famicom** in Japan, and the **Super Comboy** in South Korea. The console can display 2D graphics, with some limited support for 3D graphics with the Super FX chip. Super NES games are loaded from a cartridge. The major competitor for the SNES was the Sega Genesis/Mega Drive, but it also competed with the TurboGrafx-16, the Neo Geo AES, and the Panasonic 3D0.

## Notable games

- _Super Mario World_
- _Super Castlevania IV_
- _Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars_
- _Super Metroid_
- _Donkey Kong Country_
- _EarthBound_
- _The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past_
- _Super Mario Kart_
- _Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island_
- _F-Zero_
- _Star Fox_

## Infobox (cvg system)

- **title**: Super Nintendo Entertainment System
- **logo**: SNES logo.svg
- **image**: SNES-Mod1-Console-Set.png
- **manufacturer**: Nintendo
- **type**: Home video game console
- **generation**: Fourth generation
- **cpu**: Nintendo 32 bit CPU card
- **media**: Pictures, Videos, Music
- **storage**: Cartridge (electronics), cartridge
- **controllers**: 2 controllers
- **connectivity**: No connectivity
- **online service**: Satellaview (Only in Japan)
- **release date**: November 21, 1990
 August 23, 1991
 April 11, 1992
 July 3, 1992
- **units sold**: 60 million United Kingdom, UK, United States, US & Canada
- **compatibility**: No compatibility
- **predecessor**: Nintendo Entertainment System
- **successor**: Nintendo 64
Sega Saturn

The  is a 32-bit video game console made by Sega.  It was released in Japan on November 22 1994, in the United States on May 11 1995, and in Europe on July 8 1995.  Games were released on CD-ROMs. It is followed by the Dreamcast. The Saturn was the first Sega video game console which can display 3D graphics.  Accessories were available for the Sega Saturn, including a gun controller which was used to play _Virtua Cop_, and an analog controller.

The console was called Saturn because it was Sega's sixth games console, and Saturn is the sixth planet of the solar system.

Throughout the consoles lifespan it sold 17.4 million hardware units from November 1994 to March 2001 with 8.8 million sold in Japan and 4.1 million sold in the United States respectively. The Sega Saturn is considered a commercial flop, but has a very strong retro who has not given up on the Saturn.

## Japanese models

The Sega Saturn was quite popular in Japan, because of the commercial with Segata Sanshiro, a man who devoted his life to the Sega Saturn. The Japanese Sega Saturn was black, and it was later changed to gray.

## European/North American models

In North America, the Saturn was not nearly as popular as it was in Japan. When it was first released, there were only a few games available, because the console's strange technology made it difficult to program for. That caused the PlayStation to be more popular in Europe. Another problem was that Sega released the Saturn sooner than they intended to, but did not tell shops about the new release date, meaning that many of them did not sell the Saturn at all out of anger. Sega had also made other consoles to try and be the first to use new technology, such as the Sega CD (an early console with games that came on CDs) and the Sega 32X (with better graphics than Sega's previous consoles), leaving some gamers without enough money to buy all three systems or angry at Sega for abandoning the 32X when the Saturn was released.

## Infobox (cvg system)

- **title**: Sega Saturn
- **image**: Sega-Saturn-Console-Set-Mk2.png
- **manufacturer**: Sega
- **type**: video game console
- **generation**: Fifth generation
- **storage**: CD-ROMs
- **predecessor**: Sega Mega Drive
- **successor**: Dreamcast
Iðunn

**Iðunn** is a goddess in Norse mythology. She is the goddess of youth and the wife of Bragi, god of poetry. She guards the golden apples, which are eaten by the Norse gods to let them live until Ragnarok (the battle of the end of the world).
GoldenEye 007 (1997 video game)

***GoldenEye 007*** is a first-person shooter video game on the Nintendo 64. Its story is based on the 1995 movie _GoldenEye_. The main character of the game is James Bond, Agent 007. It is a 3D first person shooter style game. Its multiplayer mode is also very popular. The game has received a very positive reception and is often said to be one of the best games ever made.

In November 2010, a remake of the game was released for the Nintendo Wii and Nintendo DS. However, it was not received as positively and it was criticized.

## Levels

There are 20 levels in the game, which are separated into 9 missions. Some missions only have one level while others have many. There are also 2 bonus missions.
- Mission 1 : Arkhangelsk – Bond is sent to help fellow agent Alec Trevelyan (Agent 006) in a secret laboratory.
- Mission 2 : Severnaya - Bond must sneak into a bunker and steal a key for the  satellite.
- Mission 3 : Kyrgyzstan - Bond is sent to destroy a Silo and prevent rockets from taking off.
- Mission 4 : Monte Carlo - Bond goes aboard a Frigate to rescue hostages and plant a tracker on an enemy helicopter.
- Mission 5 : Severnaya - Bond returns to the same place as Mission 2 and rescues the heroine, Natalya.
- Mission 6 : St Petersburg - Bond learns that 006 is the leader of Janus, a crime group that is using the satellite for evil. Bond is later arrested, but breaks out and chases 006.
- Mission 7 : Cuba - Bond follows 006 to Cuba and fights in a final showdown with his former friend.
- Mission 8 : Teotihuacán - Bond goes to an ancient Aztec temple to blow up a secret rocket facility. It uses designs from the 1979 Bond movie Moonraker.
- Mission 9 : el-Saghira - Bond visits a temple in Egypt to track down the evil Baron Samedi, a character from the 1973 Bond movie Live and Let Die.

The game is one of the world's most highly acclaimed first-person shooter games and has been rated highly on many lists. Screwattack.com for instance put it first on its list of top ten first-person shooter games, taking the title away from games like _Halo_ and _Half Life 2_.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: GoldenEye 007
- **developer**: Rare Ltd., Rare
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **director**: Martin Hollis (video game designer), Martin Hollis
- **producer**: Martin Hollis
- **artist**: Karl Hilton
- **writer**: David Doak
- **composer**: Graeme Norgate
Grant Kirkhope
Robin Beanland
- **series**: _James Bond_
- **platforms**: Nintendo 64
- **genre**: First-person shooter, stealth
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, multiplayer video game, multiplayer
Oronzio Maldarelli

**Oronzio Maldarelli** was an Italian born American sculptor and artist. He was born in 1892. He came to the United States from Naples, Italy as a child. He died in 1963 at the age of 71.

At age fourteen, he took lessons in drawing and clay modeling. After two years, he started to study at the National Academy of Design with Leon Kroll, Ivan Olinsky, and Hermon McNeil. In 1912, he entered the Beaux-Arts Institute. It was there that Jo Davidson and Elie Nadelman helped him out. He was a great artist at everything. In 1935, he started doing mostly just sculpture. Maldarelli is best known for sculptures of female forms that have great detail. Some of them took as long as 13 years. In 1941, Maldarelli won the Logan Prize ($500) for a detailed sculpture of a limestone head. He was a teacher at Columbia University for many years, teaching the art of sculpting.
Brights

The **Brights** is a group that was started by Paul Geisert and Mynga Futrell to make a name that sounds good for people who have views on life based on nature (naturalistic worldviews). They did not like that names like "atheist" and "non-believer" sounded bad to some people and they wanted a word that sounded better to these people.

Paul Geisert chose the word "bright." Mynga Futrell says a bright is a person who has views on life that are free of more-than-natural (supernatural) ideas. She says these persons' morals come from their views on life.

## Well-known brights

- Richard Dawkins
- Daniel Dennett
- Penn Jillette and Teller
- James Randi
- Richard Roberts
- Michael Shermer

## Criticism

Some people, both religious and non-religious, do not like the Brights using the word "bright" in this way. They believe it suggests that people with views on life based on nature are smarter than those with other views on life. However, this is not why the name was chosen; it tries to show that people with views based on nature are "looking on the _bright_ side" of life.

## Other websites

- The Brights' Net – The originating hub of the Brights' Constituency
- Brights' Movement Forums
- Brights Online  – a brights' activist website
- Who Are The Brights? – by the co-founders of the Brights' Net
- The Bright Stuff – Daniel Dennett in the _New York Times_, 12 July 12 2003
- A Bright New World – Erik Strand in _Psychology Today_, Jan/Feb 2004
- Not Too "Bright"  - a review of the term 'bright' by Chris Mooney for CSICOP
Dish

**Dish** can mean a plate or pan for food.  See Tableware

or Dish (food).

Some radio antennas are in the shape of dishes.
Hinge

A **hinge** is something that connects two objects and lets them rotate. The most common examples are the hinges that connect doors to walls or door frames. To open a door on hinges, one pushes the side far from the hinges and the door rotates around the side with hinges.

Hinges can be very large or very small. Small hinges are used for jewellery boxes and other small things with lids. Very large hinges have been used at the bottom of buildings, to let a building sit on loose soil or mud without breaking.
Instrument

An **instrument** can mean several things.

- Tool
- Musical instrument, something that makes music or sound
    - Wind instrument
    - Percussion instrument
    - String instrument
    - Keyboard instrument
Producer

A **producer** is something or somebody responsible for the production of a thing or a being.

## Entertainment producers

In the entertainment industry, a producer is a person who makes things happen. The producer is of the person in charge of providing the money and hire people to do the job. It is also the job of the producer to deal with getting whatever is being made out to the public. A movie producer must find people to provide money to make the movie, hire the main actors and director for the movie, and get the movie distributed so that people can see it. Producers are commonly found dealing with movies, television, and music.

### Executive producer

In large entertainment companies, the title of executive producer is often given to people who provide a large amount of money to get something created. Other executive producers speak for the CEO of the company on how the movie or television program is made.

In smaller companies, especially for television series, the executive producer is often the creator of the series. Main writers who have been with the series for a long time are often given the title of executive producer.
Italian wine

**Italian wines** are those produced in Italy, the oldest wine producing region, and are considered to be among the best wines in the world. Wine is a popular beverage in Italy. Many Italians drink it with every meal and in-between, and offer it to guests as soon as they arrive.

## History

Depending on the vintage, Italy is the world's largest or second largest producer of wine, along with France (each country is generally the source of around 1/5 of the world's overall production).

### Statistics

In 2005, Italy was second globally, producing about 20% of the global production of wine compared to France, which produced 22%.

In 2005, Italy's share in dollar value of table wine imports into the U.S. was 32%, Australia's was 24%, and France's was 20%. Italian and Australian share has rapidly increased in recent years.

## Sources

Grapes are grown in almost every part of Italy, with more than 1 million vineyards under cultivation. Each region is proud of its carefully tended, neatly pruned vines.

Italian wines tend to be acidic, dry, light-to-medium bodied, with lots of flavour and smell.  Because of these characteristics, Italian wines are, in general, better drunk with food than they are beverages to be enjoyed on their own.

### Vineyards

In some places the vines are trained along low supports. In others they climb as slender saplings. The people of each region are also proud of the wine they make from their own grapes.

### Winemaking

Most winemaking in Italy is done in modern wineries.  But villagers, making wine for their own use, sometimes tread the grapes with their bare feet until the juice is squeezed out. They believe this ancient method still makes the best wine.
SG Essen

The **SG Essen** (German: **Startgemeinschaft Essen**) is a swimming club in Essen (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). It is a union of the swimming sections of 13 sports clubs. The SG Essen is one of the most successful swimming clubs in West Germany. The women's team is in the first Bundesliga (national league), the men's team in the second.

The SG Essen's breaststroke swimmers are well known: Mark Warnecke, Anne Poleska, and Rebecca Horstmann. The chief trainer is Horst Melzer.

## Other websites

- Homepage of the SG Essen_(in German)_
Western civilization

**Western civilization**, **western culture** or **the West** is made up of European culturally derived societies (most notably in the Hellenic and in the Classical Roman heritage, Western Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism), Democracy and Liberalism). This at least includes Western and Central Europe, English speaking North America, Australia and New Zealand. The identities of places such as Latin America, South Africa, Israel, the Philippines and Singapore are disputed due to those countries being a blend of both western and non western cultures.

It generally refers to the classical era cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Those cultures grew bigger across places around the Mediterranean sea and Europe. In modern times, they later grew bigger around the world mostly through colonization and globalization.

Until the 17th century, Western civilization was also called Christendom meaning the area where the Christian religion is in the majority (a view held by historian Arnold Toynbee). By this definition, most parts of Africa would now also be part of Western civilization since many Africans have been converted to Christianity since the 1950s.

Westernization is the transformation of a non western culture to Western standards, with historical examples being the Romanization of "barbarian" Europe in the classical period, the Hispanization of South America, Central America and the Philippines in the 1500s, the Anglicization of North America and Australia in the 1700s, the Francization of North and West Africa in the 1800s and the current Americanization of many first world nations such as Singapore and Israel through Hollywood, pop music, and American popular culture.

There are many supporters of westernization, and many who oppose its expanding at the expense of local cultures.

## Related pages

- Western world
- Western Europe
E (mathematical constant)

is a number. It is the base of the natural logarithm and is about 2.71828. It is an important mathematical constant. The number  is occasionally called **Euler's number** after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler, or **Napier's constant** in honor of the Scottish mathematician John Napier who introduced logarithms. It is equally important in mathematics as Pi and Imaginary unit.  is an irrational number, and Euler himself gave the first 23 digits of .

The number  has great importance in mathematics, as do 0, 1, Pi, and Imaginary unit. All five of these numbers are important and occur again and again in mathematics. The five constants appear in one formulation of Euler's identity. Like the constant ,  is also irrational (it cannot be represented as a ratio of Integers) and transcendental (it is not a root of any non-zero polynomial with rational coefficients).

The number  is very important for exponential functions. For example, the exponential function applied to the number one, has a value of .

was discovered in 1683 by the Swiss mathematician Jacob Bernoulli, while he was studying compound interest. The numerical value of  truncated to 20 places is:

## Alternate definitions of <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">e</span>

There are many different ways to define . Jacob Bernoulli, who discovered , was trying to solve the problem:

In other words, there is a number that the expression  approaches as  becomes larger. This number is .

Another definition is to find the solution of the following formula:

## Related pages

- Imaginary unit
- Pi
- Tau (mathematical constant)
Monster (disambiguation)

A **monster** is often a type of creature.

The term **monster** can also mean:

- _Monster_ (movie), a 2003 movie starring Charlize Theron and Christina Ricci
- Monster truck, a pickup truck with extra large tires and suspension
- Monster, South Holland, a town in the Netherlands
- Monster Energy, an energy drink
Platelet

A **platelet** is a cell fragment that circulates in the blood. Platelets are involved in hemostasis through the making of blood clots. A low platelet count (number of platelets in the blood) can cause a person to bleed without their blood clotting (making scabs). A high platelet count can increase the risk of thrombosis (blood clots inside blood vessels), which stops blood from flowing properly.

## Anatomy

Platelets do not have a cell nucleus. They are disc-shaped, and are 1.5 to 3 micrometers in diameter. The body does not have a lot of platelets, so they can all be used up quickly. They contain RNA, a canalicular system, and several different types of granules; lysosomes (containing acid hydrolases), dense bodies (containing ADP, ATP serotonin and calcium) and alpha granules (containing fibrinogen, factor V, vitronectin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor), the contents of which are released when the platelet is activated.
Eastern Europe

**Eastern Europe** is the eastern region of Europe. Originally, it meant the countries that were under the influence of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Constantinople during the Middle Ages and Western Europe meant those countries following Catholicism or Protestantism. Later, during the Cold War, it meant the European countries that were allied to the Soviet Union. It is now used to talk about the European post-Soviet states and the former Warsaw Pact. Others say that Eastern Europe is a region of mainly Slavic cultures, though other ethnic groups live there as well. Eastern Europe has a large Roma gypsy population.

According to the widest contemporary definitions - including those used by the UN Statistics Division, several other UN organizations and EuroVoc (the multilingual thesaurus of the EU) - the following states are in Eastern Europe:
Partly recognized:
1. (part of Western Asia)
1. (part of Western Asia)

## Alternatives

Since January 1993 some groups have changed their definitions of Eastern Europe. Although the list above is still the most popular and widely accepted definition of this region, some experts divide the region further into subsections. According to such theories: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia are in Central Europe (the western sections of Belarus and Ukraine are also sometimes listed as Central European) or East-Central Europe. Finally, the countries of Serbia, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania and Slovenia are occasionally grouped with a number of other countries into Southern Europe, but more often referred to as Southeast (or Southeastern) Europe.

## Other websites

- Civic Education Trends in Post-Communist Countries of Central and Eastern Europe
- Information about Eastern European People
- Business portal for Central and Eastern Europe
- Slavic and East European Resources
- The Slavonic and East European Review
- The Slavic Review