juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dutch Americans

**Dutch Americans** (Dutch: _Nederlandse Amerikanen_), not to be confused with the Pennsylvania Dutch, are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from the Netherlands. Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam, which was exchanged with the English for Suriname at the Treaty of Breda (1667) and renamed to New York City. The English split the Dutch colony of New Netherland into two pieces, and named them New York and New Jersey. More immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Dutch Americans
- **image**: File:Census Bureau Dutch in the United States 2000.png
- **population**: **4,533,617**
**1.43%** of the U.S. population (2013)
- **popplace**: West Coast of the United States, West Coast especially in California, Mountain states especially in Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado, Northeastern United States, Northeast especially in Pennsylvania, New York (state), New York, and New Jersey, Midwestern United States, Midwest especially in Iowa, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Missouri, Illinois, Nebraska, Kansas, and the Dakotas
- **langs**: English language, English, Dutch language, Dutch
- **rels**: 74% Protestantism, Protestant; 10% Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholic, 15% other
- **related-c**: Dutch people, Dutch Brazilians, Dutch Canadians, Dutch Surinamese, Afrikaners, Pennsylvania Dutch, Belgian Americans
English Shepherd

The **English shepherd** or **farm collie**, is a breed of dog from the United States.  Even though it is called English, it is not from England. British settlers brought its ancestors to the New World when the British colonized North America.

The UKC Breed Standard for this dog breed, requires:

• The head is to be of medium length, and slightly rounded between the ears. The head and neck are carried slightly raised.

• The skull is wide and flat above the eyes, broad between the ears.

• Teeth are "strong and regular".

• Ears to be wide at the base.

• Eyes are dark or medium brown, slightly round. Expresses character "strong and intelligently".

• Neck to be well-muscled, and arched.

• Shoulders well laid back, shoulder blade and upper arm of equal length.

• Legs are straight and muscular, not too short.

• Body length is about the same as the height of the withers, (ridge of shoulder blades). Chest is deep, extending down to the elbows. Topline level, ribs well sprung.

• Wide and muscular hindquarters, very compact.

• Feet are compact and round, arched toes.

• Tail moderately long, with the tip reaching to the hock joint. Slight curve, but when dog is at rest should not be held straight up.

• Coat glossy, thick and soft. It may be straight, wavy or curly, except for the face and skull. Fully covers body, good furnishing on hind legs. Tail rather plum, undercoat soft and fine.

## Infobox (dog breed)

- **altname**: Farm Collie, Farm Shepherd, Old Farm Collie
- **origin**: United States
- **image**: TricolorEnglishShepherdDog.jpg
- **image caption**: A Tricolor English Shepherd leaping into the air.
- **coat**: Generally long.
- **maleweight**: 45-60lb (20-27kg)
- **femaleweight**: 40 - 50lb (18 - 23 kg)
- **maleheight**: 19 - 23in (48-58cm)
- **femaleheight**: 18 - 22in (46 - 56cm)
- **color**: (Possibilities:) Black & Tan, Black and White, Sable and White, Tricolor
Wang Jianlin

**Wang Jianlin** (Chinese: 王健林; born 24 October 1954) is a Chinese billionaire businessman, investor, and philanthropist. He is the founder of Dalian Wanda Group. It is China's largest real estate development company.
Roshni Nadar

**Roshni Nadar Malhotra** (born 1980/1981) is an Indian businesswoman. She is the wealthiest woman in India and the chairperson of HCL Technologies. She is the first woman to a publicly-listed IT company in India. In 2019, Nadar ranked 54th on the Forbes World's 100 Most Powerful Women list.

## Other websites

- Official website
Norwegian Americans

**Norwegian Americans** (Bokmål: Norskamerikanere, Nynorsk: Norskamerikanarar) are Americans with ancestral roots in Norway.  Norwegian immigrants went to the United States mostly in the latter half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Norwegian Americans<small>
_Norskamerikanere_</small>
<small>_Norskamerikanarar_</small>
- **pop**: **4,642,526**
<small>**1.5% of the US population**</small>
- **image**: File:Percent of Norwegian Americans by state.svg
- **region1**: Midwestern United States, Midwest
- **pop1**: 2,273,683
- **region2**: Western United States, West
- **pop2**: 1,552,462
- **region3**: Southern United States, South
- **pop3**: 545,699
- **region4**: Northeastern United States, Northeast
- **pop4**: 266,881
---
- **pop5**: 868,361
- **pop6**: 466,469
- **pop7**: 412,177
- **pop8**: 410,818
- **pop9**: 199,154
- **pop10**: 173,640
- **pop11**: 171,745
- **pop12**: 164,676
- **pop13**: 129,081
- **pop14**: 124,618
- **pop15**: 119,164
- **pop16**: 117,444
- **pop17**: 113,543
- **pop18**: 92,796
- **pop19**: 90,425
- **langs**: English language, English, Norwegian language, Norwegian
- **rels**: Christianity (predominantly Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, Catholicism) Judaism (predominantly Orthodox Judaism and Reform Judaism), Atheism
- **related**: Norwegian people, Norwegians, Norwegian Canadians, Scandinavian Americans, Danish Americans, Swedish Americans, Norwegian Australians, Norwegian New Zealanders, other
Léon, Landes

**Léon** is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Landes department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Léon
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Côte Landes Nature
- **area km2**: 64.45
- **elevation max m**: 67
- **elevation min m**: 6
- **elevation m**: 49
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **mayor**: Gérard Subsol
- **postal code**: 40550
- **insee**: 40150
- **canton**: Côte d'Argent
- **arrondissement**: Dax
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Leon (Landes).svg
- **caption**: The church in Léon
- **image**: Léon (Landes) - Église Saint-Saturnin - 20070823.jpg
Hatzegopteryx

***Hatzegopteryx*** ("Hațeg basin wing") is a genus of azhdarchid pterosaur. It was found in Transylvania, Romania. It is known only from the type species, ***Hatzegopteryx thambema***, named in 2002 based on parts of the skull and humerus. Additional fossils, including a neck vertebra, were included later. The largest of these remains shows that the Hatzegopteryx was one of the biggest pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of .

It is unusual because it had a very wide skull with large muscular attachments. The bones had a soft internal texture instead of being hollow. it had a short, robust, and heavily muscled neck  long. This short neck was about half the length of other azhdarchids. The neck could withstand strong bending forces. _Hatzegopteryx_ lived on Hațeg Island, an island in the Cretaceous subtropics within the prehistoric Tethys Sea. It was probably the apex predator of Hațeg Island, tackling larger prey (including dwarf titanosaurs and iguanodontians) than other azhdarchids.
French Football Federation

The **French Football Federation** (**FFF**) () is the governing body of football in France. It also is the governing body of football in Monaco. It was formed in 1919. It is based in Paris, which is the capital of France. The FFF was a founding member of FIFA.

## Other websites

- Official site
- France at FIFA site
- France at UEFA site
Day With(out) Art

**Day Without Art** also written as **Day With(out) Art** (short: **DWA**) is an annual event where art museums and other organizations organize programs related to AIDS, people who have died, and to inspire positive action.

## History

Day Without Art began started in 1989. It was response to the AIDS crisis as many artists also died of AIDS. The day coincides with World AIDS Day, which began the year before.

800 U.S. art and AIDS groups participated in the first Day Without Art. Museums were sending staff to volunteer at AIDS services, or sponsoring special exhibitions of work about AIDS. Day With(out) Art grew in collaborations to estimated 8,000 national and international museums, galleries, art centers, AIDS service organizations, libraries, high schools and colleges take part.

New York group called "Visual AIDS" (now NGO), initiated public actions and programs, published an annual poster and copyright-free broadsides, and acted as press coordinator and clearing house for projects for Day Without Art/World AIDS Day. **Day With(out) Art** highlights art projects by artists living with HIV/AIDS, and art about AIDS, that were taking place around the world.

In 2014, the Los Angeles art collective, My Barbarian, staged a video performance in remembrance of Pedro Zamora, inspired by the queer theorist, José Esteban Muñoz's theory of counterpublicity.

In 2020, due to pandemic VisualAIDS organized online programming featuring commissioned diverse video works from different parts of the world and talks to authors. Programing was done in multiple languages and done both in the NYC and around the world at different times in different timezones with different partner organizations.

## Other websites

- VisualAIDS.org: official **Day Without Art** website
- http://www.thebody.com/visualaids/dwa/dwa2006.html
- https://web.archive.org/web/20080908013708/http://www.carnegiemuseums.org/cmag/bk_issue/2005/winter/feature3.html
Two Years Before the Mast

***Two Years Before the Mast*** is a 1946 American adventure movie directed by John Farrow and was based on the 1840 memoir of the same name by Richard Henry Dana Jr.. It stars Alan Ladd, Brian Donlevy, William Bendix, Barry Fitzgerald, Albert Dekker, Howard Da Silva, Darryl Hickman, Roman Bohnen and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Sheila Nelson

**Sheila Mary Nelson** (5 March 1936 – 16 November 2020) was an English musician, music educator, writer and composer. She had played with the English Chamber Orchestra, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and the Menuhin Festival Orchestra.

She was best known as a violin and viola teacher.

Nelson was co-author of the _Essential String Method_ series and author/composer of many other music instruction books, published by Boosey & Hawkes.

She was an Honorary Member of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon RAM).

Nelson died on 16 November 2020 from Alzheimer's disease.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sheila Nelson
- **image**: Sheila Nelson in London 5 March 2006.jpg
- **caption**: Sheila Nelson in London in 2006
- **birth name**: Sheila Mary Nelson
Claire Boudreau

**Claire Boudreau**,  (1965 – 18 November 2020) was a Canadian historian, genealogist, and officer of arms. She was a herald in the Canadian Heraldic Authority from 17 March 1997 until 20 May 2020.

On May 20, 2020, Boudreau was appointed Margaree-Chéticamp herald emeritus and succeeded as Chief Herald of Canada by Samy Khalid.

On 18 November 2020, she died from cancer at the age of 55.
Rose Marie Battaglia

**Rose Marie Battaglia**  (1929 – 24 November 2020) was an American basketball coach. She coached at both high school and college levels, before retiring in 1989. She was added into the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2018.

Battaglia began her coaching career at Paramus Catholic High School in New Jersey. She also coached at Bergen Community College and at Iona College. She also coached at St Michael's in Union City and Benedictine Academy in Elizabeth.

Battaglia died on 24 November 2020 in Bergen County, New Jersey from lung cancer at the age of 91.
Camilla Wicks

**Camilla Dolores Wicks** (August 9, 1928 – November 25, 2020) was an American violinist. She was one of the first female violinists to create a major international career. Her performing career included solo appearances with leading European and American symphony orchestras including the New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra and Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

Wicks died on November 25, 2020 at the age of 92.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Camilla Wicks
- **image**: 25806 Camilla Wicks.jpg
- **caption**: Camilla Wicks in 1949
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Camilla Dolores Wicks
- **birth place**: Long Beach, California
- **instrument**: Violin
- **genre**: Classical
- **occupation**: Violinist
- **years active**: 1942–2005
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol, Music & Arts, Biddulph Recordings, Biddulph and Simax
George H. Carley

**George Holmes Carley** (September 24, 1938 – November 26, 2020) was an American lawyer and judge. He was born in Jackson, Mississippi. Carley was on the Supreme Court of Georgia from March 1993 until July 2012. He also was acting as Chief Justice for the last two months of his term.

On November 26, 2020, Carley died of COVID-19 in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 82.
Alfonso Milián Sorribas

**Alfonso Milián Sorribas** (15 January 1939 – 26 November 2020) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop. He was born in La Cuba, Spain. He became a priest in 1962.

He was titular bishop of _Diana_ and as Auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza, Spain, from 2000 to 2004 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón, Spain, from 2004 to 2014.

Milián Sorribas died on 26 November 2020 in Zaragoza, Spain at the age of 81.
Kevin Burnham

**Kevin Lobdell Burnham** (December 21, 1956 – November 27, 2020) was an American two-time Olympic medalist and was a sailor. He won the silver medal at the 1992. He won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Burnham was born in New York City.

Burnham died on November 27, 2020 from problems caused by lung disease, aged 63.
Špiro Guberina

**Špiro Guberina** (1 March 1933 – 27 November 2020) was a Croatian actor. He was born in Šibenik, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. His career began in 1957. He was known for his roles as Marko in _The Secret of an Old Attic_ (1984), Stari in _Agonija_ (1998) and as the Priest in _The Last Will_ (2001).

Guberina died on 27 November 2020 in Zagreb, aged 87.
Tony Hsieh

**Tony Hsieh** ( ; ; December 12, 1973 – November 27, 2020) was an American businessman and venture capitalist. He retired as the CEO of the online shoe and clothing company Zappos in August 2020. He became CEO in 1999.

Hsieh co-founded the Internet advertising network LinkExchange, which he sold to Microsoft in 1998 for $265 million. He was born in Illinois, but raised in San Francisco, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada.

On November 18, 2020, Hsieh was injured in a house fire in New London, Connecticut, while visiting family for Thanksgiving. He was trapped in the basement during the fire. He died a week later on November 27 at a Bridgeport hospital from his injuries, aged 46.
Mohsen Fakhrizadeh

**Mohsen Fakhrizadeh Mahabadi** (; 195827 November 2020) was an Iranian nuclear physicist. He was a professor of physics at Imam Hussein University in Tehran. Among the victims of the killing of Iranian nuclear scientists, he was murdered in the ambush on November 27, 2020.

## Career

He also was a brigadier general in the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, senior scientist in the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics and the former head of the Physics Research Center (PHRC) at Lavizan-Shian.

Fakhrizadeh was believed by many countries as being in charge of Iran's nuclear programme, Project 111, which tried to help the country create a nuclear bomb.

## Death

On 27 November 2020, Fakhrizadeh was shot and killed while traveling in a car near Tehran. After he was fatally shot, the attack began when a truck carrying explosives hidden under a load of wood exploded near his car. His three bodyguards were also killed before the bomb attack. He was 62 years old. Another car was also exploded and destroyed.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **branch**: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Revolutionary Guards
Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (Iran), Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics
- **serviceyears**: 1980–2020
- **rank**: Brigadier general


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
- **image**: Mohsen Fakhrizadeh 6 (cropped).jpg
- **native name**: محسن فخری‌زاده
- **native name lang**: fa
- **birth name**: Mohsen Fakhrizadeh Mahabadi

- **birth date**: 1958
- **birth place**: Qom, Iran
- **death place**: Absard, Damavand, Iran, Damavand, Iran
- **death cause**: Multiple gunshot wounds
- **nationality**: Iran, Iranian
- **occupation**: Nuclear physicist
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

The **Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps** (**IRGC**) ( or **Sepâh** for short) is a military branch of the Iranian government Armed Forces. It was founded after the Iranian Revolution on April 22, 1979 by order of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
Whistleblower

A **whistleblower** (also written as **whistle-blower** or **whistle blower**) is a person, usually an employee, who gives information about a private, public, or government organization, that is seen as illegal, unsafe, or a waste, fraud, or abuse of taxpayer funds.

Over 83% of whistleblowers report to a supervisor, human resources, or a neutral third party within the company. A whistleblower can also contact someone outside of the organization, like the media, government, or police.
Navy Petty-Officers School

The **Higher School of Mechanics of the Navy** (in Spanish, ***Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada***, commonly known by its acronym **ESMA**), was originally an educational facility of the Argentine Navy. It was used as an illegal, secret detention center during the Dirty War of military dictatorship.
Australian Cattle Dog

The **Australian Cattle Dog**, or simply referred to as Cattle Dog, is a herding dog, and, as the name suggests, originates from Australia.

The Australian Cattle Dog is an extremely intelligent, active and sturdy dog breed. Developed by Australian settlers for handling herds of cattle, (also suggested by the name), they are still used today as a herding dog. They thrive on having a job to do, and being part of family activities.

## Infobox (dog breed)

- **origin**: Australia
- **weight**: 15 to 22kg (33 - 49lb)
- **maleheight**: 46-51cm (18-20in)
- **femaleheight**: 43 - 48cm (17-19in)
- **coat**: A short double coat.
- **colour**: Blue, mottled blue, blue speckled, mottled red, red speckled.
- **litter size**: Ranges from 1-7, but 5 is most common
- **fcistd**: www.fci.be
- **life span**: Approximately 12-14 years (excluding injuries to dog)
- **image**: ACD Silverbarn's Ronja x.jpg
- **image caption**: An Australian Cattle Dog puppy at four weeks of age
Clive Griffiths (politician)

**Clive Edward Griffiths**  (20 November 1928 – 8 November 2020) was an Australian politician. He was born in South Perth, Western Australia. He was a member of the Liberal Party.

He was a member of the South Perth City Council from 1962 to 1966, and in 1965 was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Council representing South-East Metropolitan Province.

He was elected President of the Council in 1977. He retired in 1997. He was given the AO. Griffiths was also awarded the Centenary Medal in 2003.

Griffiths died on 8 November 2020, just less than two weeks before his 92nd birthday.
National Library of Poland

The **National Library** (Polish: _Biblioteka Narodowa_) is the central Polish library. It is managed by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland.

The library collects books, journals, electronic and audiovisual publications published in the territory of Poland. It also collects materials related with polish culture published abroad. It is the most important humanities research library. It is also the main archive of Polish writing and the state centre of bibliographic information about books. The role of gathered collections is great in case of any scientific activity. It is an important methodological center for other Polish libraries. A Copy of every book published in Poland is placed in this library.

## Organizational structure

There are three general sections:

- The Library
- The Bibliographic Institute of the National Library
- The Book and Readership Institute

## History

The national library of Poland was created in 18th century. Initially, it was called the Załuski Library. First resources of library were the collections of John III Sobieski. Later, this collection was confiscated by Russian troops and placed in Imperial Public Library.

When Poland regained her independence in 1918, there was no central institution to serve in the capacity of a national library. Recreation of National Library of Poland was made on 24 February 1928, by the decree of president Ignacy Mościcki. It was opened in 1930 and initially had 200 thousand volumes. Its first Director General was Stefan Demby. In 1934, the Director has been changed. Stefan Vrtel-Wierczyński became the new Director.

## Collections

Today the collections of the National Library are one of the largest in the country. There are 7,900,000 volumes (2004) held in the library in total.  Among them, there are 160,000 objects printed before 1801, over 26,000 manuscripts (including 6,887 music manuscripts), over 114,000 music prints and 400,000 drawings. The library collections also include photographs and other iconographic documents, more than 101,000 atlases and maps, over 2,000,000 ephemera, as well as over 2,000,000 books and about 800,000 copies of journals from the 19th to 21st centuries. Notable items in the collection include 151 leaves of the _Codex Suprasliensis_, which was included in UNESCO's Memory of the World Programme Register in 2007 because of its popularity, meaning and prestige in Poland and other countries.

In 2012 the library signed an agreement to add 1.3 million Polish library records to WorldCat.
El Trece

**Channel 13** (known by its current brand name **El Trece**, stylized as **eltrece**) is an Argentine free-to-air television network. It is also the main station of the network of the same name. It is located in the capital of Argentina, Buenos Aires. It is owned by Grupo Clarín.

## Special Events

Since 1994, the chain has carried out, together with UNICEF, the program **un sol para los chicos** (A sun for chidrens), dedicated exclusively to the donation of money for this institution, by companies and viewers.  The latter are encouraged through telephone games with famous people and raffles.  The program has several hosts throughout the transmission and most of the network's figures also participate;  it is issued every year, on Children's Day, generally lasting 9 hours.  During the program, concerts are held for the same purpose of raising funds.

## Studies

The canal has its major studios and central control in the Constitución neighborhood, in front of the interchange junction of Autopista 25 de Mayo and Avenida 9 de Julio, in the City of Buenos Aires.  They are accessed through Calle Lima 1261 and Calle Cochabamba 1153. Not all programs are carried out in these facilities, since some - mainly fictions - are carried out in the studios of the associated production companies.

## Infobox (television station)

- **callsign**: LS85
- **logo**: Isotipo eltrece 2016.png
- **slogan**: _Prendete al Trece_
(_Turn on [channel] thirteen_)
- **branding**: El Trece

- **analog**: Channel 13 (Very high frequency, VHF)
- **digital**: Channel 33 (Ultra high frequency, UHF, Digital terrestrial television, DTT (channel 33.1) (Buenos Aires only)
- **affiliations**: Artear
- **founded**: 1960
- **airdate**: October 1, 1960
(60 years ago)
- **location**: Buenos Aires
- **owner**: Grupo Clarín
- **licensee**: Arte Radiotelevisivo Argentino S.A. (Artear)
Tevita Momoedonu

**Ratu Tevita Momoedonu** (January 13, 1946 – November 26, 2020) was a Fijian politician. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Fiji twice. His first term of office lasted only on 27 May 2000 for only a few minutes.  His second term lasted for two days from 14 to 16 March 2001. He was born in Lautoka, Fiji. He was a member of the Labour Party.

Momoedonu died in Lautoka on November 26, 2020 at the age of 74.
Cecilia Fusco

**Cecilia Fusco** (10 June 1933 – 26 November 2020) was an Italian operatic soprano and voice teacher. She appeared many times at La Scala in Milan. She was born in Rome.

In a career to the end of the 1970s, she appeared at many Italian and foreign opera houses, including La Fenice in Venice, the Teatro Comunale di Bologna, the Teatro Lirico Giuseppe Verdi, the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, the Teatro Massimo Vittorio Emanuele of Palermo, the Teatro Massimo Bellini of Catania, the Teatro Regio di Parma, the Teatro della Pergola of Florence, the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Teatro Petruzzelli in Bari.

Fusco died on 26 November 2020 in Rome from COVID-19, aged 87.
Robert Lopez

**Robert Lopez** (born February 23, 1975), also known as **Bobby Lopez**, is an American songwriter. He is best known for co-creating _The Book of Mormon_ and _Avenue Q_.

He also co-wrote the songs heard in the Disney computer-animated movies _Frozen_, its sequel, _Frozen II_, and _Coco_, with his wife Kristen Anderson-Lopez.

He is one of the few people who have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony Award and is the only person to win each award twice.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Robert Lopez
- **image**: Robert Lopez.jpg
- **caption**: Lopez receiving his Tony Award in 2004
- **birth place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Yale University
- **occupation**: Songwriter
- **children**: 2
- **alias**: Bobby Lopez
Jonathan Tunick

**Jonathan Tunick** (born April 19, 1938) is an American orchestrator, musical director, and composer. He is one of sixteen people to have won all four major American show business awards: the Tony Awards, Academy Awards, Emmy Awards and Grammy Awards.

He is best known for his work with Stephen Sondheim, starting in 1970 with _Company_. He was born in New York City.
Scott Rudin

**Scott Rudin** (born July 14, 1958) is an American movie, television and theater producer.

His movies produced include the Academy Award-winning Best Picture _No Country for Old Men,_ as well as _Lady Bird, Fences, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, The Social Network, School of Rock, Zoolander, The Truman Show, The First Wives Club, Clueless, The Addams Family,_ and eight Wes Anderson movies_._

On Broadway, he has won seventeen Tony Awards for shows such as _The Book of Mormon, Hello, Dolly!_, _The Humans, A View from the Bridge, Fences,_ and _Passion_.

In 2012, Rudin became one of the few people who have won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award, and the first producer to do so.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Scott Rudin
- **birth place**: Baldwin, Nassau County, New York, Baldwin, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1978–present
- **occupation**: Producer
Piriyadha Varam Vendum (TV series)

**Piriyadha Varam Vendum** () ( Want a boon to not separated) is an Indian Tamil-language supernatural drama which aired on Zee Tamil. It starring Vimal Venkatesan in the lead with Madhumitha H and Priyanka Shivanna are the female leads. While Mamilla Shailaja Priya in a pivotal role.

This series started from 17 June 2019 and ended on 1 August 2020.  The story is about A king is torn apart from his lover when his mother murders her to get him married to her niece. However, they are all reborn, which gives the king and his lady-love a second chance to unite.

## Synopsis

A queen named Chitra is seen killing Amaravati, a peasant girl, so that her son, who was in love with her, cannot marry her. The queen did not approve the relationship, as the girl was poor and not of the same caste as the boy. The queen wants to get her son married to her niece Mithrasena. The niece helps the queen in eliminating Amaravati. So they killed Amaravati and the King.

Now after a millon of years, they all are reborn, which they get a second chance to get unite. Will the king and Amaravati will get unite or not forms rest of the story.

## Cast

- Vimal Venkatesan as Rishi
- Madhumitha H as Durga / Amaravathi
- Priyanka Shivanna as Madhu / Mithrasena
- Mamilla Shailaja Priya as Chitradevi: Rishi's mother
- Akhila Krishnan as Aparna: Rishi's elder sister
- Duraimani as Sundarapandi: Rishi's elder brother-in-law; Aparna's husband
- Akshara as Kaveri: Sundarapandi's younger sister
- Andrew Jesudoss as Ruthraiyya
- Dhekshitha Jaganathan as Durga's sister (2019)

## Production

This series was setup with 17,500 sq.feet of palace with 2 crore of budget.

## International broadcast

The series was released on 17 June 2019 on Zee Tamil. The show was also broadcast internationally on the network's international channels.
- It airs in Sri Lanka, Singapore, the United States, Europe, Malaysia, Mauritius, the Middle East, Africa, East Asia, South Africa, Australasia and North America on Zee Tamil and Zee Tamil HD.
- Episodes can be viewed with the app OZEE and ZEE5.
- It is also available via Internet TV services Lebara and YuppTV.

## Other websites

- Zee Tamizh Official website

## Infobox (name module)

- ta
- பிரியாத வரம் வேண்டும்


## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Soap opera
 Thriller (genre), Thriller
 Supernatural
- **developer**: Zee Tamil
- **director**: Raj
 A. Ramachandran
- **language**: Tamil
- **end theme**: "Piriyadha Varam Vendum"
- **country**: India
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 203
- **producer**: Bala Murugan
- **location**: Tamil Nadu
- **runtime**: 20–22 minutes
- **camera**: Multi-camera
- **channel**: Zee Tamil
Kristen Anderson-Lopez

**Kristen Anderson-Lopez** (born March 21, 1972) is an American songwriter and lyricist. She is known for co-writing the songs for the 2013 animated movie _Frozen_ with her husband Robert Lopez.

Anderson-Lopez won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Let It Go" from _Frozen_ and "Remember Me" from _Coco_ (2017). She also won two Grammy Awards.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Kristen and Bobby Lopez on Dulce Osuna.jpg
- **caption**: Kristen (left) and Robert Lopez interviewed by Dulce Osuna in 2019
- **birth place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Songwriter, Lyricist
- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: Williams College
- **awards**: 2014: Academy Award for Best Original Song
2015: Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media
2015: Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media
2018: Academy Award for Best Original Song
Irene Bedard

**Irene Bedard** (born July 22, 1967) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for the role of Suzy Song in the 1998 movie _Smoke Signals_ and for the voice of the main character in the 1995 animated Disney movie _Pocahontas_.

She was chosen in 1995 as one of _People_ magazine's '50 Most Beautiful People'.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Irene Bedard
- **image**: Irene Bedard (24442058032).jpg
- **caption**: Bedard at the Magic City Comic Con in 2016
- **birth place**: Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1994–present
- **children**: 1
Maria Piechotka

**Maria Piechotka** (12 July 1920 – 28 November 2020) was a Polish politician and architect. She was a member of the Sejm from 1961 to 1965, representing the Warsaw district of Wola. She was a liaison officer during the Warsaw Uprising. Piechotka was born in Kraków, Poland.

Piechotka died on 28 November 2020 in Warsaw at the age of 100.
Belarusian Association of Journalists

The **Belarusian Association of Journalists** (BAJ) ( **Biełaruskaja Asacyjacyja Žurnalistaǔ**) is a non-governmental organisation of journalists in Belarus. To have freedom of speech and rights of receiving and distributing information are its desire. It was made in 1995. BAJ is a friend of the International Federation of Journalists, the European Federation of Journalists, and Reporters Without Borders. It got the European Parliament's Sakharov Prize in 2004. It got  in 2021.

On August 27, 2021, the Association was formally closed by the Supreme Court of Belarus. However, it continued to function outside Belarus.

On February 28, 2023, the KGB has designated the Association as an 'extremist formation'; as a result, participation in it can be punished with a prison sentence.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (organization)

- **leader title**: chairman
- **leader name**: Andrei Bastunets
History of the Jews in Canada

The **history of the Jews in Canada** is the history of Canadian citizens who follow Judaism as their religion and/or are ethnically Jewish. Jewish Canadians are a part of the greater Jewish diaspora and form the fourth largest Jewish community in the world, exceeded only by those in Israel, the United States, and France. As of 2011, Statistics Canada listed 329,500 followers of the Jewish religion in Canada and 309,650 who claimed Jewish as an ethnicity. One does not necessarily include the other and studies which have attempted to combine the two numbers have arrived at figures above 375,000 Jews in Canada. This total would be approximately 1.1% of the Canadian population.

The Jewish community in Canada is composed mainly of Ashkenazi Jews and their descendants. Several other major Jewish ethnic divisions are also represented. These include Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, and Bene Israel from India, besides converts to Judaism. The Canadian community has all four of the main modern denominations of Judaism. Many religious and cultural customs are observed.

Though they are a small minority of the total Canadian population, Jews have been present in the country since the first Jewish immigrants arrived with Governor Edward Cornwallis to establish Halifax, Nova Scotia (1749).
Elu (Portuguese pronoun)

The **_elu_ system** () is based on a set of linguistic proposals created with the purpose of preparing the Portuguese language with a neuter grammatical gender. The most prominent proposal is the personal neopronouns _elu_, _delu_, _nelu_, and _daquelu_, intended to be a proposal for how to refer to non-binary people (whose gender identity is not male or female) or whose gender is unknown, or irrelevant, as well as groups with different genders, without resorting to the "generic masculine". These proposals can be used by and for anyone, regardless of gender.

The pronoun _elu_ tries to present the least number of problems in its use when trying to function smoothly in oral speech, listening, writing and visual identification, creating similarity between _ela_ ("she"), _ele_ ("he"), and _elu_ (functionally similar to singular they).

Nouns in Portuguese all have grammatical gender, and this gender impacts some grammatical inflections. Grammatical gender is different from personal gender identity―rather, words referring to a generic individual with unknown gender identity still carries grammatical gender. For example, the word _pessoa_ ("person") is grammatically feminine, but indicates no specific gender of the person referred to. The gender inflection appears explicitly when in the context of an inflectied adjective. With the feminine nouns such as _cidade_ ("city"; plural _cidades_), the adjective meaning "beautiful" (currently written generically as _belo_ in dictionaries) would become _cidade bela_, _cidades belas_ ("beautiful city/cities"). Likewise, this works with a masculine noun such as _carro_ ("car"; plural _carros_): _carro belo_, _carros belos_ ("beautiful car/cars").

The Portuguese language as a rule determines that the plural of nouns, when covering individuals of the feminine and masculine gender, is made based on the generic masculine: a collective of _vinte alunas_ ("twenty female students") and _dez alunos_ ("ten male students"), is said as _trinta alunos_ ("thirty students"). This form of plural formation is considered sexist by certain groups and individuals, resulting in proposals for a neutral gender to be adopted, such as "thirty children" (_trinta menines_).

A similar known neopronoun in Portuguese is _ile_, also called _sistema ile_ ("ile system"), was popularized in 2020. The systems happen to be same when applying neolanguage beyond pronouns, they use ⟨-e⟩ suffixes.

## Other websites

- Guide to “Gender Neutral Language” (PT-BR)
- “X” e o “@” are not a solution: Elu System | Gender-Neutral Language
- Non-binary or neutral language
You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)

**You Know My Name** is a comedy song originally performed by The Beatles, and eventually released as the B-Side of Let it Be.

## Infobox (song)

- **artist**: the Beatles
- **genre**: Novelty, comedy rock
- **writer**: John Lennon and Paul McCartney
- **producer**: George Martin
Even Worse

***Even Worse*** is the Fifth album by Weird Al, released in 1988, which helped to revitalize his career after the failure of "Polka Party".
The album was a success.

## Artwork

The artwork for _Even Worse_ parodies the famous cover of Michael Jackson's album _Bad_, which depicts Michael Jackson wearing the same outfit which would be in his music video for _Bad_, while for _Even Worse_, Weird Al is wearing a similar styled leather outfit to Michael's outfit. Weird Al would then wear that outfit again for the music video for _Fat_.

## Infobox (album)

- **artist**: "Weird Al" Yankovic
- **name**: Even Worse
- **type**: Studio
- **released**: 1988
- **genre**: Comedy Rock, Parody
- **label**: Rock 'N Roll, Scotti Brothers
- **producer**: Rick Derringer
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild

***The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild*** is an adventure game created by Nintendo EPD and Monolith Soft. It was published by Nintendo for Nintendo Switch and Wii U. It was released on March 3, 2017. On April 25, 2019, Nintendo added a new feature that makes the game playable in virtual reality, using Nintendo Labo. Music from the game is available on the Nintendo Music app.

## Plot

According to legend, when Ganon returns,  the chosen hero, Link, and the royal princess, Zelda, are destined to defeat him. Ten thousand years ago, a group of people called the Sheikah created technologies for defeating Ganon, called Guardians and Divine Beasts. Once Ganon had been destroyed, the king prohibited this technology, because he thought that Sheikah technology could be used in the future to attack the kingdom. Because of this, the Sheikah split into the Yiga, murderers who followed Ganon and the Sheikah who were still loyal, who went into hiding.

About a hundred years from the present, Ganon returns. The new king tried to use the Sheikah technology again to defeat Ganon. However, Ganon already controlled Sheikah technology and he used this to attack the kingdom. As a consequence, Link and princess Zelda were defeated by Sheikah technology. Link had to recover for a hundred years and when he woke up in the Shrine of Resurrection, and the game starts. He now has to return in search of Zelda to help her destroy Ganon with the help of clues Zelda left along the way.

## Development

Development began in 2013. It took a long time because of all the details they added to it. They used new ideas from developers which made it more original and refreshing. It was a pioneering game and it broke the conventions of the saga, you can walk anywhere in the world even climb mountains, sail rafts, swim, run, walk, explore, fight, or even teleport later on in the game.

An interesting feature of the game is that it is interactive and the characters can respond to you differently depending on what you are wearing. For example, if you are wearing something metallic, like a metal sword, metal shield or metal bow, in a storm, lightning can strike you and kill you, so make sure to unequip your weapons or use wood weapons instead.

It has been extremely successful around the world since it was first published. It has sold around 20 million copies worldwide.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
- **image**: The Legend of Zelda Breath of the Wild.svg
- **engine**: KingSystem
Hydrogel

**Hydrogels** are three-dimensional polymeric networks filled with water. The water content can reach as high as 90-99% depending on the polymer concentration. It contains polymers that are attracted to water, they swell and hold large amounts of water while maintaining their structure due to chemical or physical cross-linking of individual polymer chains. The physical cross-linked hydrogels are easily pulled and relaxed, like a rubber band. The chemically cross-linked hydrogels avoid deformation. The behaviour of hydrogels is typically viscoelastic which is associated with the water and the movement of polymer networks in fluids. Similar to other polymers, there are natural and man-made hydrogels. The man-made hydrogels are also known as synthetic, this allows the hydrogels to have a longer service life, hold more water, and have greater strength.

There are many types of hydrogels. The most common ones are pH-sensitive hydrogels, which respond to pH changes in the environment. Temperature-sensitive hydrogels, which are affected by how hot or cold the environment is. Electro-sensitive hydrogels, which either shrink or expand when an electric field is applied. Lastly, the light-<nowiki/>responsive hydrogels respond to light.

In many ways hydrogels are similar to our bodies because the human body is made out of mainly water and matrix materials that are surrounded by cells. This is why hydrogels can be used in tissue engineering. Hydrogels are filled with water so they mimic tissue environments, this means they are optimal to deliver cells and repair damaged tissue.
Italian tree frog

The **Italian tree frog** (_Hyla intermedia_) is a frog from Italy.

This frog is green in color with stripes down its sides.
Electrowinning

**Electrowinning** is a manufacturing process for making metals from a solution containing dissolved metal. The process involves passing an electrical current from an inert electrode through the solution containing the metal, to plate the metal to another electrode. Also called electroplating, it is a common process for producing metals like copper, cobalt, nickel, zinc, aluminum, and gold among others. Electrowinning is one of the last processes in metal production. It commonly follows leaching which is a process that dissolves minerals into a solution.

## Process

The electrical current is passed from the inert electrode, called the anode, and passes through the metal containing solution, called the electrolyte, and the metal is plated on another electrode, called the cathode. The ability to plate a metal depends on the reduction potential. The reduction potential depends on the many factors such as the metal in question, the solution temperature, the pH of the solution and other factors. The rate at which the metal can be produced depends on the amount of current being passed through the solution.

## Industry

Industrially the process is made up of a square cathode with equal sized anodes on each side so that the metal can be plated evenly on both sides of the cathode. A cell consists of alternating anodes and cathodes, starting and ending with anodes. A production plant consists of many cells allowing for production of lots of metal.
Emperor Kōtoku

Emperor Kôtoku was the 36th emperor of Japan according to the traditional counting.  He was also called "Taika," for "Great Change."  He ruled from 645 AD - 654 AD. He made the Taika Reforms, which changed parts of Tang dynasty ways of thinking about politics, running the government, and doing rituals for the Japanese court.

Before he was the Emperor, he was called Prince Karu. He became emperor in 645 AD after his sister, Empress Kôgyoku, abdicated in his favor.  That means she quit being Empress and gave Karu the throne.  Some historians say that Empress Kôgyoku's son, Prince Naka no Oe, asked her to abdicate.  Prince Naka no Oe who would later become Emperor Tenji.

With the Taika Reforms, Kôtoku changed the way court officers wore clothes in 647. People of different rank (level of importance) wore different clothes. Kôtoku also said that the government had a monopoly on mined iron ore, meaning that no one else was allowed to mine iron ore. Before that, the Wakebe clan had mined iron ore.

After Kôtoku died in 654, Kôgyoku became the Empress again, but this time she was called Empress Saimei.
Eleanor Hodgman Porter

**Eleanor Emily Hodgman Porter** (December 19, 1868 – May 21, 1920) was an American novelist, most known for _Pollyanna_ (1913) and _Just David_ (1916).
West Bloomfield Township, Michigan

**West Bloomfield Township**, officially the **Charter Township of West Bloomfield**, is a charter township in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan, within the Detroit metropolitan area. It is one of the most expensive places to live in Oakland County. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 65,888.
The Actress

***The Actress*** is a 1953 American comedy-drama movie directed by George Cukor and was based on the play _Years Ago_ by Ruth Gordon. It stars Spencer Tracy, Jean Simmons, Teresa Wright, Anthony Perkins. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1954.
Wishmaster

***Wishmaster*** is the third album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish.

## Track listing

1. "She Is My Sin" - 4:46
1. "The Kinslayer" - 3:59
1. "Come Cover Me" - 4:34
1. "Wanderlust" - 4:50
1. "Two for Tragedy" - 3:51
1. "Wishmaster" - 4:23
1. "Bare Grace Misery" - 3:39
1. "Crownless" - 4:26
1. "Deep Silent Complete" - 3:57
1. "Dead Boy's Poem" - 6:47
1. "FantasMic" – 8:18

## Personnel

- Tarja Turunen – vocals
- Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards
- Emppu Vuorinen – guitars, songwriting
- Sami Vänskä – bass guitar
- Jukka Nevalainen – drums
Over the Hills and Far Away

***Over the Hills and Far Away*** is the first EP by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish.

## Track listing

1. Over the Hills and Far Away (Gary Moore-cover) - 5.03
1. 10th Man Down (feat. Tapio Wilska) - 5.24
1. Away - 4.33
1. Astral Romance (feat. Tony Kakko) - 5.22

## Personnel

- Tarja Turunen – vocals
- Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards
- Emppu Vuorinen – guitars
- Sami Vänskä – bass guitar
- Jukka Nevalainen – drums
Century Child

***Century Child*** is the fourth album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish.

## Track listing

1. Bless the Child – 6.12
1. End of All Hope – 3.55
1. Dead to the World – 4.19
1. Ever Dream – 4.43
1. Slaying the Dreamer – 4.31
1. Forever Yours – 3.50
1. Ocean Soul – 4.14
1. Feel for You – 3.55
1. The Phantom of the Opera – 4.10
1. Beauty of the Beast – 10.21

## Personnel

- Tarja Turunen – vocals
- Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards
- Emppu Vuorinen – guitars
- Marco Hietala – bass guitar
- Jukka Nevalainen – drums
Vinicio Bernardini

**Vinicio Bernardini** (16 July 1926 – 23 November 2020) was an Italian politician and businessman. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. Bernardini was a member of Italian Communist Party from 1976 until 1983. He was also Mayor of Pisa in 1971 and again from 1983 to 1985. Bernardini was born in Pisa.

Bernardini died on 23 November 2020 from COVID-19 in Pisa at the age of 94.
Once

***Once*** is the fifth album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish.

## Track listing

1. Dark Chest of Wonders – 4.28
1. Wish I Had an Angel – 4.05
1. Nemo – 4.36
1. Planet Hell – 4.38
1. Creek Mary’s Blood – 8.29
1. The Siren – 4.46
1. Dead Gardens – 4.28
1. Romanticide – 4.58
1. Ghost Love Score – 10.02
1. Kuolema tekee taiteilijan – 3.58
1. Higher Than Hope – 5.37

## Personnel

- Tarja Turunen – vocals
- Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards
- Emppu Vuorinen – guitars
- Marco Hietala – bass guitar
- Jukka Nevalainen – drums
Dark Passion Play

***Dark Passion Play*** is the sixth album by the Finnish symphonic metal group Nightwish.

## Track listing

1. «The Poet and the Pendulum» - 13:54
1. «Bye Bye Beautiful» - 4:14
1. «Amaranth» - 3:51
1. «Cadence of Her Last Breath» - 4:14
1. «Master Passion Greed» - 6:02
1. «Eva» - 4:24
1. «Sahara» - 5:47
1. «Whoever Brings the Night» - 4:17
1. «For the Heart I Once Had» - 3:55
1. «The Islander» - 5:05
1. «Last of the Wilds» - 5:40
1. «7 Days to the Wolves» - 7:03
1. «Meadows of Heaven» - 7:10

## Personnel

- Anette Olzon – vocals
- Tuomas Holopainen – keyboards
- Emppu Vuorinen – guitars
- Marco Hietala – bass guitar
- Jukka Nevalainen – drums