juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Douglas B-66 Destroyer

The **Douglas B-66 Destroyer** is an American strategic bomber. It was used by the US Air Force during the Cold War and the Vietnam War and was capable of carrying a nuclear weapon. The B-66 is a variant of the A-3 Skywarrior, being used between 1956 and 1975. Some variants were built as reconnaissance aircraft or electronic warfare, as **RB-66** and **EB-66**.

About 145 of the 294 total built were the RB-66B reconnaissance version. EB-66s were prominent in the skies over Vietnam during the Vietnam War, using electronic warfare to jam enemy air defense radars and missiles.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: B-66 Destroyer
- **image**: File:B-66 Destroyer.jpg
- **caption**: A Douglas B-66B (53-506) in flight


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Light bomber
- **national origin**: United States
- **manufacturer**: Douglas Aircraft Company
- **first flight**: 28 June 1954
- **introduced**: 1956
- **retired**: 1973 (USAF)
- **primary user**: United States Air Force
- **number built**: 294
- **unit cost**: US$2.55 million (RB-66B)
- **developed from**: Douglas A-3 Skywarrior
- **developed into**: Northrop X-21
Dassault Super-Étendard

The **Dassault Super-Étendard** is a French single-turbojet military aircraft. It is a fighter and attack aircraft. The French Navy started using it in 1978. In 2013, it is the second most important combat aircraft (after the Dassault Rafale). From 1995, all **Dassault Super-Étendard** of the French Navy are modernized as **SEM** or **Super-Étendard Modernisés**. It can carry many kinds of weapons like Exocet's missile, laser-guided bombs and a nuclear missile ASMP.

Foreign operators of this aircraft are Argentina and Iraq. Argentina used it in the Falklands War, destroying the British destroyer HMS _Sheffield_.

The **Dassault Super-Étendard** is a modernized variant of the Dassault Étendard IV.
AM-39 Exocet

The **AM-39 Exocet** is an anti-ship missile. It is designed and built in France by Aérospatiale. It can be used from a fighter aircraft, a warship or a submarine. It was used by Argentina against the Royal Navy's HMS _Sheffield_.
Véhicule Blindé Léger

The **Véhicule Blindé Léger** or **VBL** (light armoured vehicle) is a four-wheel drive reconnaissance light military vehicle. It has been used by the French army since 1990. More than 25 foreign countries used it, including Gabon, Qatar, and Serbia. The US Army used it as **M11** for hazardous material reconnaissance. Russia bought 500 of them in November 2012.

The vehicle is designed and built in France by Panhard.
Subway Surfers

***Subway Surfers*** is a game where the player makes their character run until they lose. The game was made by Denmark-based companies Kiloo and SYBO Games. The game theme has been based on a world tour since the year 2013. The game is available on the iOS, Android and Windows phone operating systems. Subway Surfers claims to be the fourth most downloaded game of all time.

## Other websites

- Subway Surfers official game developers' studio
Candy Crush Saga

***Candy Crush Saga*** is a video game that was developed by King in April 2012. As of March 2013, Candy Crush Saga is the most popular game on Facebook. It has 45.6 million average monthly users.

## How to play

The aim of the game is to make matches of three or more candies vertically or horizontally. Depending on the type of level, the player must earn as much points as they can, or they must clear all the jelly, or they must allow ingredients to come to the bottom of the screen. Players can create striped candy by matching four candy in the same direction, wrapped candy if matching five candy in the shape of a T or L, or a color bomb if matching five candy in the same direction. The player has a limited number of moves for each level, and will fail the level if they run out. If the player loses a level, they will lose lives. If they lose all their lives, the lives will need to recharge by time.

## Review

Some players love this game because they can spend a lot of time by playing it.

However, some people who hate this game think that it reduces the productivity of society. They are also worried that _Candy Crush Saga_ makes children get addicted very easily.

Metacritic rated _Candy Crush Saga_ as 76 out of 100.

## In real life

This game appeared in Psy's music video _Gentleman_.

In Hong Kong, a minibus driver played _Candy Crush Saga_ while he was in a traffic jam.

In Taiwan, a bakery provides cakes whose theme is _Candy Crush Saga_.

## Other websites

- _Candy Crush Saga_ in Facebook
- _Candy Crush Saga_ in Google Play Store
Rare

**Rare** is a video game developer. Their headquarters is in England. In 2002, Microsoft bought Rare with a price of 3.75 billion. Former employees of Rare have established their own companies, including Free Radical Design, renowned for creating the TimeSplitters series, and Playtonic Games, known for Yooka-Laylee (2017).

## Other websites

- Official website
Emperor Takakura

**Emperor Takakura** (20 September 1161 – 30 January 1181) was the 80th Emperor of Japan. He was the emperor before Emperor Antoku. Towards the end of his reign, he summoned a champion. A ruling clan, the Taira clan, showed their power by announcing their one year old son as Emperor. He was then renamed Emperor Antoku. He was not the only emperor at the time for Emperor Takakura was still Emperor. However he was given all the same privileges and power. He was there in case Emperor Takakura died, then there would straight away be another emperor in his place.
Lagan

**Lagan**  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Lagan
- **image**: Hamneda kyrka och Lagan.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **image caption**: Lagan and Hamneda Church in October 2010
- **map**: Karta Lagan position.gif
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Sweden
- **source1**: Tahesjön
- **source1 location**: Jönköping Municipality, Sweden
- **mouth**: Laholmsbukten, Kattegat
Nissan (river)

**Nissan**  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Nissan
- **image**: River Nissan, Halmstad.jpg
- **image caption**: The Nissan River running through Halmstad, January 2005
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **mouth**: Laholmsbukten in Kattegatt
- **mouth location**: Halmstad Municipality, Halland County
Viskan

**Viskan**  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Viskan
- **image**: Viskan.JPG
- **image caption**: Viskan where it runs through Borås
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Counties of Sweden, Counties
- **subdivision name3**: Västra Götaland County, Halland County
- **subdivision type5**: City
- **subdivision name5**: Borås
- **source1**: Tolken
- **source1 location**: Ulricehamn Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden
- **mouth**: Klosterfjorden, Kattegatt
- **mouth location**: Varberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden
- **tributaries left**: Häggån, Slottsån
- **tributaries right**: Munkån, Surteån
Ätran (river)

**Ätran** is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Ätran
- **image**: Ätran (river), photo from Falkenberg.JPG
- **image caption**: Ätran in Falkenberg, late-August 2004
- **map**: Karta Aetran position.gif
- **map caption**: Path of the river
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **source1 location**: Gullered, Västergötland
- **mouth**: Kattegat
- **mouth location**: Falkenberg
Vaggeryd

**Vaggeryd** is a locality in Vaggeryd Municipality in Jönköping County, Sweden. Together with Skillingaryd, it is the seat of the municipality.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Vaggeryd
- **image skyline**: Vaggeryds centrum 1.jpg
- **image caption**: Central Vaggeryd
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Vaggeryd Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jönköping County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Småland
- **area total km2**: 4.80
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 4,920
- **population density km2**: 1026
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Malung

**Malung** is a locality, and the seat of Malung-Sälen Municipality, in Dalarna County, Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Malung
- **image skyline**: Malung centre.jpg
- **image caption**: Central Malung
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Malung-Sälen Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Dalarna County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Dalarna
- **area total km2**: 9.39
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 5,126
- **population density km2**: 546
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Gislaved

**Gislaved** is a locality, and the seat of Gislaved Municipality, in Jönköping County, Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Gislaved
- **image caption**: Folkvisan by Axel Wallenberg
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: China
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Gislaved Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jönköping County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Småland
- **area total km2**: 6.48
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 10,037
- **population density km2**: 1548
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Bad Piggies

***Bad Piggies*** is a puzzle video game developed by Rovio Entertainment. Players have to help the green pigs to steal the egg of the Angry Birds, a game that's also developed by Rovio. Being a spin-off of _Angry Birds_, the players control the pigs instead of the birds. The game was last updated on October 23, 2023.

## Gameplay

In the main story mode, each level has a different mission. Players have to build a vehicle for a freckled pig named Ross. As players play through the game, new materials can be unlocked. For example, at the beginning of the game, the player only receives wooden blocks and wheels, while in later levels, more materials such as engines and different wheels are unlocked. Like _Angry Birds_, three stars can be achieved at the end of the level. Unlike the original game, there is no score. Stars are achieved by doing missions, with one being for getting Ross to the finish line.

The game has two alternate modes: Sandbox and Cake Race. Sandbox is a set of open-world levels without a goal where players can use parts unlocked in story levels to build any vehicle possible. In Cake Race, the player builds a vehicle to collect as many cakes in a level as possible before a computer player can. Both players are required to carry a batch of dynamite that explodes when the level ends.

## Other websites

- ()

## Infobox (video game)

- **genre**: Puzzle video game, Puzzle
Moscow Ring Road

The **Moscow Automobile Ring Road** (, _Moskovskaya Koltsevaya Avtomobilnaya Doroga_), or **MKAD** (_МКАД_), is a famous road around Moscow, Russia. The road was opened in 1961 as the third ring road around Moscow.

## Other websites

- The MKAD on Google Maps.
- A view of the MKAD from a pedestrian bridge.
- A view of the MKAD from a helicopter.
Trans-Siberian Highway

**Trans-Siberian Highway** is a highway system in Russia. It goes from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.

## Other websites

- National Geographic story about the Trans-Siberian Highway
Saint Petersburg Ring Road

**Saint Petersburg Ring Road**  (, abbreviated КАД, _KAD_) is a ring road around Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Galvanic isolation

**Galvanic isolation** means separating two electrical structure from each other. One way to do it is to use a relay, another way to do it is to use an opto-isolator. Also transformer makes galvanic isolation.
Opto-isolator

An **opto-isolator** is an electronic component that can be used for galvanic isolation. It uses light for separating two circuits from each other.
Värnamo

**Värnamo** is a locality, and the seat of Värnamo Municipality, in Jönköping County, Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Värnamo
- **image skyline**: Värnamo Marktplatz.JPG
- **image caption**: Värnamo Town Square
- **image shield**: Värnamo vapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Värnamo Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jönköping County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Småland
- **area total km2**: 12.17
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 18,696
- **population density km2**: 1536
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Insulator (electricity)

An **electrical insulator** is a material that does not easily allow flow of electricity through an electric current. Materials typically used to insulate include rubber, plastic and glass. In transformers and electric motors, varnish is used. Insulating gases such as Sulfur hexafluoride are used in some switches. Wires that carry electric currents are usually insulated so the electricity goes to the right place.

**Insulator** can mean not only the material but things that are made of that material. They are made of various materials such as: glass, silicone, rubber, plastic, oil, wood, dry cotton, quartz, ceramic, etc.

The type of insulator will depend on the uses. Insulators have high electrical resistivity and low conductivity. The insulators prevent the loss of current and make the current more efficient by concentrating the flow.

## Insulator devices

Electric power transmission uses three types of overhead insulator: pin insulator, suspension insulator, and strain insulator.

- The **pin insulator**  is the earliest developed insulator. Pin type insulators can have up to three parts, depending on the amount of voltage.

- The **suspension insulator** is for voltages above 33KV.  Multiple insulators are connected in series.

- The **strain insulator** is the same as a suspension insulator but it is used horizontally, whereas the suspension insulator is used vertically. The strain insulator is used to relieve the line of excessive tension, which happens when there is dead end of the line or sharp curve.
Yakovlev Yak-38

The **Yakovlev Yak-38** is a Soviet military single-turbojet aircraft. It was designed and built as a fighter aircraft. It was also used as attack aircraft. The Soviet Navy was the only operator. The aircraft is a vertical take-off & landing aircraft. It was retired from service in 1993. NATO called it **Forger**.

## Similar aircraft

- BAe Harrier

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Yakovlev Yak-38
- **image**: File:Yakovlev Yak-38M at MAKS-1993 airshow.jpg
- **caption**: **Yakovlev Yak-38**


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Fighter aircraft, Fighter and attack aircraft.
- **national origin**: USSR
- **manufacturer**: Yakovlev
- **first flight**: 1971
- **introduction**: 1976
- **status**: Out of service
- **primary user**: USSR, Soviet Navy.
- **number built**: 271 examples
Dipole speaker

A **dipole speaker** is a type of a loudspeaker. The sound typically only comes out of the front and back. Dipole spekers do not usually produce very low frequencies because the structure loses audiodynamics the lower the frequency is. With audio crossover is possible to correct frequency response, but there are still limits. This problem can be solved by using a subwoofer.
Sommarkrysset

**Sommarkrysset** is a Swedish television program. It is broadcast live from the Gröna Lund amusement park in Stockholm during summer. It was ran from June 3, 2005 to August 10, 2019.

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Gry Forssell By Daniel Åhs Karlsson.jpg
- **caption**: Show host Gry Forssell
- **alt name**: Summercross
- **starring**: Gry Forssell
- **country**: Sweden
- **language**: Swedish
- **num seasons**: 15
- **channel**: SVT1 (2005)
 TV4 (Sweden), TV4 (2006–19)
Askola

**Askola** is a municipality in southern Finland. Almost 5,000 people lived there 2013. There are famous giant's kettles in Askola, called _Askolan Hiidenkirnut_. Askola's neighbouring municipalities are Myrskylä, Mäntsälä, Pornainen, Porvoo and Pukkila.

Farming has been important in Askola for a long time.
Bingolotto

**Bingolotto** is a Swedish game show. It was established in 1988 as a lottery. It was originally broadcasted over local Gothenburg TV on 16 January 1989. It aired on TV4 for first time on 19 October 1991. The popularity peaked in the 1990s.

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Bingolottoreklamskylt.jpg
- **caption**: Bingolotto
- **runtime**: 60 minutes
- **creator**: Gert Eklund
- **starring**: Leif "Loket" Olsson (1989-1999, 2004)
Lasse Kronér (1999-2004)
Gunde Svan (2004-2005)
Rickard Olsson (2005-2008)
Lotta Engberg (2008-2011)
Jan Bylund (2011-2013)
Marie Serneholt (2013-)
- **country**: Sweden
- **network**: Kållevisionen/TV21 (1989-2000)
TV4 (Sweden), TV4 (1991-)
TV4 Plus (2008-2011)
Sjuan (2011-)
- **num episodes**: 782 (as of 28 August 2011)
Nordman

**Nordman** is a Swedish ethnopop group. They were especially popular in the 1990s.

### Albums

- 1994 – Nordman
- 1995 – Ingenmansland
- 1997 – Här och nu
- 2001 – Nordmans bästa – I vandrarens spår
- 2004 – Bästa
- 2005 – Anno 2005
- 2008 – Pärlor '
- 2008 – Djävul eller Gud
- 2010 – Korsväg

### Singles

- 1994 – Förlist
- 1994 – Vandraren
- 1994 – Laglöst land
- 1995 – Ännu glöder solen
- 1995 – Be mig
- 1996 – På mossen
- 1996 – Det sista du ser
- 1996 – Live-singel
- 1997 – Se dig själv
- 1998 – Hjälp mig att leva
- 2005 – Ödet var min väg
- 2005 – Allt eller ingenting
- 2007 – Livet som en värsting (Rastegar feat. Nordman)
- 2007 – Du behöver
- 2008 – I lågornas sken
- 2008 – Hon är redan här (radio single)
- 2009 – Om Gud var jag

## Sources

- Discogs

## Other websites

- Official Website in Swedish

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Nordman
- **image**: Nordman on stage.jpg
- **caption**: Nordman on stage
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Sweden
- **genre**: etnorock, folk rock
- **years active**: –1998
2004–present
- **current members**: Håkan Hemlin
Mats Wester
Jill Johnson

**Jill Johnson** (born 24 May 1973, Ängelholm, Sweden) is a country singer from Sweden. She participated for Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1998 with the song "Kärleken är", finishing 10th. She had a major hit in Sweden in 2003 with the Melodifestivalen song "Crazy in Love".

Several of her albums have chartered at Sverigetopplistan.

### Albums

- 1996 - Sugartree
- 1998 - När hela världen ser på
- 2000 - Daughter of Eve
- 2001 - Good Girl
- 2003 - Discography 1996-2003
- 2004 - Roots and Wings
- 2005 - Being who you are
- 2005 - The Christmas In You
- 2007 - Music Row
- 2008 - Baby Blue Paper
- 2009 - Music Row II
- 2010 - The Well-Known And Some Other Favourite Stories
- 2010 - Baby Blue Paper Live
- 2011 - Flirting With Disaster
- 2011 - Välkommen jul
- 2012 - A Woman Can Change Her Mind
- 2013 - Duetterna
- 2014 - Livemusiken från Jills veranda

## Sources

- Discogs

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Jill Johnson
- **image**: Jill Johnson2.jpg
- **caption**: Jill Johnson, 2009
- **image size**: 225
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Jill Anna Maria Johnson
- **origin**: Ängelholm, Sweden
- **instrument**: Vocals
- **genre**: Country music, Country, country rock, Pop music, pop, schlager
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **label**: Lionheart Music Group, Lionheart (1998-present)
- **website**: [http://www.jilljohnson.se/ www.jilljohnson.se]
Cheung Chau

**Cheung Chau** is an island of Hong Kong. It is a famous scenic spot of Hong Kong. Each year, the Cheung Chau Bun Festival is held there.

Cheung Chau is located between Lamma Island and Lantau Island.
Cantonese Wikipedia

**Cantonese Wikipedia** is the Cantonese version of Wikipedia. It was created in 2006.

The Cantonese Wikipedia has over  articles.

The website is https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org.
Yakovlev Yak-3

The **Yakovlev Yak-3** is a Soviet single-engine fighter aircraft. It was one of the main military aircraft used in USSR for World War II. The first flight was in 1941. It started being used in 1943. Some were used by French pilots of the _Groupe Normandie-Niemen_.
After the war, some were used in Poland and Yugoslavia. More than 4,800 were built.
Push-pull aircraft

A **push-pull aircraft** is a type of aircraft whose principle is a twin engine. The first engine is propulsion. The second is tractive. The first push and the second pull. On the outside, these aircraft are noticeable by their two propellers: one in front and one in back.
October (album)

***October*** is the second album by Irish rock band U2. It was released on 12 October 1981. The album is about spirituality. It got mixed reviews and it was not played much by radio stations.

## Recording

After touring for Boy, U2 began to write new songs. The band started recording in the studio in July 1981. Then Bono lost his notebook with the lyrics after a show in Portland, Oregon. He had to make up the words to songs as he was singing on the microphone. His lost notebook was returned many years later, in 2004. Bono said its return was "an act of grace".

## Reception

When it was released, _October_ got more mixed reviews than their first album, _Boy_.

Dave McCullough of _Sounds_ magazine praised the album. He said: "A kind of zenith pop then, no half measures. It all breathes fire... 'Gloria' being possibly Their Finest Moment and 'Tomorrow', low and muted, gently oozing emotion". McCullough also said, "This _October_ will last forever".

Adam Sweeting of _Melody Maker_ also gave a good review. He said: "Their whole musical sensibility is shaped by a strong emotional bond to their homeland and its traditions. It gives them a completely different frame of reference from most groups...

But, _NME_ gave a negative review. Barney Hoskyns talked about the "excessive plaintiveness of Bono's voice and the forced power of U2's sound".  He also said: "Obviously rock doesn't expire just because groups run out of ways to change it... U2, I guess, will continue to 'move' in live performance, but they will only move on the lightest surface. Their music does 'soar'... But then 'God' knows, there are other religions".

## Track listing

All of the songs were written by U2, and all of the lyrics were written by Bono.

1. Gloria - 4:14
1. I Fall Down - 3:39
1. I Threw a Brick Through a Window - 4:54
1. Rejoice - 3:37
1. Fire - 3:51
1. Tomorrow - 4:39
1. October - 2:21
1. With a Shout (Jerusalem) - 4:02
1. Stranger in a Strange Land - 3:56
1. Scarlet - 2:53
1. Is That All? - 2:59

## People

- Bono – lead vocals
- The Edge – guitar, piano, backing vocals
- Adam Clayton – bass
- Larry Mullen Jr. – drums

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: October
- **type**: Studio album
- **artist**: U2
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock, post-punk
- **label**: Island Records, Island
- **producer**: Steve Lillywhite
- **prev title**: Boy (album), Boy
- **prev year**: 1980
- **next title**: War (U2 album), War
- **next year**: 1983
Pornainen

**Pornainen** is a municipality in southern Finland. About 5,162 people lived there in 2013. Nearby municipalities are Askola, Mäntsälä, Porvoo and Sipoo.

## Other websites

- Municipality of Pornainen – Official website
Alavus

**Alavus** () is a city in Finland. As of 31 May 2013, 12,349 people lived there. Nearby municipalities are Alajärvi, Kuortane, Seinäjoki, Virrat and Ähtäri.

## Other websites

- The official page

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Alavus
- **official name**:

- **other name**: Alavo
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Kaupungintalo@Alavus.jpg
- **imagesize**: 225px
- **image caption**: Former Alavus city hall, demolished in 2021
- **image shield**: töysä.vaakuna.svg
- **shield size**: 120x80px
- **image map**: Alavus_sijainti_Suomi.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Alavus in Finland
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Finland, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Southern Ostrobothnia
- **subdivision type2**: Sub-regions of Finland, Sub-region
- **subdivision name2**: Kuusiokunnat sub-region
- **leader title**: Town manager
- **leader name**: Liisa Heinämäki
- **established title**: Charter
- **established date**: 1865
- **established title2**: Market town
- **established date2**: 1974
- **established title3**: Town privileges
- **established date3**: 1977
- **timezone**: Eastern European Time, EET
- **utc offset**: +02:00
- **timezone dst**: Eastern European Summer Time, EEST
- **utc offset dst**: +03:00
- **website**: [http://www.alavus.fi/ www.alavus.fi]
Virrat

**Virrat** is a city in Finland. As of 31 May 2013, 7,344 people lived there. Nearby municipalities are Alavus, Keuruu, Kihniö, Mänttä-Vilppula, Ruovesi, Seinäjoki, Ylöjärvi and Ähtäri.

## Some villages

- Härkönen (Virrat)
- Jäähdyspohja
- Ikkala (Virrat)
- Killinkoski
- Lahdenkylä (Virrat)
- Liedenpohja
- Rantakunta
- Vaskuu
- Vaskivesi
- Äijänneva

## Other websites

- The official page
Southeast Division (NBA)

The **Southeast Division** is one of three divisions in the Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association, along with the Atlantic Division and the Central Division. The five teams in this division are the Atlanta Hawks, Charlotte Hornets, Miami Heat, Orlando Magic, and the Washington Wizards.
Piaggio P.180 Avanti

The **Piaggio P.180 Avanti** is an Italian twin-turboprop civilian aircraft. It can carry between seven and nine passengers. It is used for executive transport.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Piaggio P.180 Avanti
- **image**: File:LotniczePogotowieGDN.jpg
- **caption**: **Piaggio P.180 Avanti** landing.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Light transport aircraft
- **national origin**: Italy.
- **manufacturer**: Piaggio
- **first flight**: 1986
- **introduction**: 1990
- **status**: Active
- **produced**: 1986-Present.
- **unit cost**: Seven millions United States dollar, $.
Battle of Shiloh

The **Battle of Shiloh** was a battle in the American Civil War. It was fought on April 6 and April 7, 1862, in Tennessee. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War.

## Background

The Union Army of the Tennessee was commanded by Ulysses S. Grant. Grant had captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in western Tennessee during the early months of 1862. This forced the Confederate Army to leave Kentucky, western Tennessee, and central Tennessee.

Grant wanted to capture the city of Corinth, Mississippi, next. But his superior, Henry W. Halleck, didn't want Grant to go any further south until other Union soldiers joined him. So Grant moved his army to a place called Pittsburg Landing, which was on the Tennessee River. There was a church near the landing called Shiloh Church. His army stayed there for several weeks.

General Albert Sidney Johnston commanded the Confederates. Johnston's second-in-command was P. G. T. Beauregard. Beauregard came up with a plan to recapture western Tennessee. Confederate soldiers from all over the Western theater gathered in Corinth. Then, starting on April 3rd, they marched north toward Grant's army. The Confederate Army was ready to attack on the morning of the 6th.

## The Battle

The battle started around dawn on April 6th. The Confederates surprised the Union Army. After fighting all day, Grant's army retreated back to Pittsburg Landing. Johnston was killed during the battle, and Beauregard took over the Confederate Army.

More Union soldiers arrived at the battlefield during the night. They were part of the Army of the Ohio, commanded by Don Carlos Buell.

Grant attacked the Confederates the next morning. The two armies fought all morning and during the afternoon. By 4 p.m., Beauregard decided to retreat back to Corinth.

## Aftermath

The Confederates lost 10,698 casualties during the battle. Union soldiers buried the Confederate dead on the battlefield. The Union Army lost about 14,500 casualties during the battle.
Panavia Tornado

The **Panavia Tornado** is a twin-turbojet attack and electronic warfare aircraft. It was built by three European countries: Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Its first flight was in 1974. Its introduction was in 1979. The Royal Air Force used it in the Gulf War, war in Afghanistan, and war in Libya. Saudi Arabia also uses this aircraft.

The Tornado ADV is a fighter variant.
Electronic warfare

**Electronic warfare** is all military techniques for aerial reconnaissance, spying, and radar jamming. In electronic warfare, missiles like AGM-45 Shrike or AGM-88 Harm can be used to destroy radar or communication systems. Examples include deciphering encrypted messages, such as the messages decoded due to the British reverse engineering of the German Enigma.
Nippon Sei Ko Kai

The **Nippon Sei Ko Kai** is the Japanese branch of the Anglican Communion.

## Other websites

- Anglican Church in Japan
Hearse

A **hearse** is a car used to transport a coffin. It is usually used to go to a cemetery. Hearses are usually black or gray. They are driven by a mortician.
Shfela

**Shfela** (, **Shephelah**, also called , **Shfelat Yehuda**, "Judean foothills") is a region in Israel. It is between the Judaean Mountains and the south coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

## Other websites

- Soils of the Coastal Plain and the Shefela
Brunel University London

**Brunel University London (BUL)** is a public research university in London, England. It is named after Isambard Kingdom Brunel. In June 1966, Brunel College of Advanced Technology was given a royal charter and eventually became Brunel University London. The university is often described as a British plate glass university.

Brunel University London is sorted into three colleges. It is this way because of a major internal reorganization in September 2014. The University has over 16,150 students and 2,500 staff. They had a total income of £237 million in the 2019–20 school year. 30% of this income came from grants and research contracts. Brunel University London has three constituent academic colleges: The College of Business, Arts and Social Sciences; The College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences; and The Colleges of Health, Medical, and Life services. Brunel University London is part of the Association of Commonwealth Universities, the European University Association, and Universities UK.

## Other websites

- Brunel University London's official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Brunel University London
- **established**: 1966 – gained Universities in the United Kingdom, University Status by royal charter
 1962 – Brunel College of Advanced Technology
 1928 – Acton Technical College
 1902 – Shoreditch College of Education
 1878 – Maria Grey College
 1798 – Borough Road College
- **type**: Public university, Public
- **endowment**: Pound sterling, £2.0 million (2015)
- **chancellor**: Richard Sykes (biochemist), Sir Richard Sykes
- **vice chancellor**: Andrew Jones (Academic), Professor Andrew Jones
- **students**: ()
- **undergrad**: ()
- **postgrad**: ()
- **doctoral**: 974
- **city**: Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH
- **country**: England, United Kingdom
- **campus**: Suburban
- **colours**: Blue and gold
- **affiliations**: Association of Commonwealth Universities
 European University Association
Sharon plain

The **Sharon plain** ( _HaSharon_) is a region in Israel. It is on the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea between Tel Aviv and Haifa. It starts at the Yarkon River in Tel Aviv and ends at Mount Carmel.
Hassan Ademov

**Hassan Ahmed Ademov** (), (born 24 January 1953), is a Bulgarian politician of Turkish origin.

## Other websites

- Bulgarian Parliament

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hassan Ahmed Ademov
- **birth place**: Isperih, Bulgaria
- **office2**: Member of the Bulgarian Parliament
for Kardzhali
- **nationality**: Bulgarian people, Bulgarian of Turkish-Bulgarian descent
- **party**: Movement for Rights and Freedoms
Alice Haldeman

**Sarah Alice (Addams) Haldeman** (June 5, 1853 – March 19, 1915) was a United States craftswoman, banker and philanthropist. She was the sister of social activist Jane Addams.

She was born in Cedarville, Illinois. Haldeman died from pneumonia. She outlived her husband and managed his bank after his death.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: CAB 1918 Haldeman Sarah Alice (Addams).jpg
- **birth name**: Sarah Alice Adams
- **birth place**: Cedarville, Illinois
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois
- **signature**: CAB 1918 Haldeman Sarah Alice (Addams) signature.png
Charles Brenton Huggins

**Charles Brenton Huggins** (September 22, 1901 – January 12, 1997) was a Canadian-born American physician, physiologist, and cancer researcher at the University of Chicago specializing in prostate cancer. He was awarded the 1966 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering that hormones could be used to control the spread of some cancers.

Huggins was born on September 22, 1901 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He studied at Acadia University and at Harvard University. Huggins died on January 22, 1997 in Chicago, Illinois from natural causes, aged 95.

## Other websites

- Nobel biography
- Prostate Cancer
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research
Hugh Dempster

**Hugh Dempster** (August 3, 1900 – April 30, 1987) was a British theatre and movie actor.

Dempster was born on August 3, 1900 in London, England.

He starred in _Vice Versa_, _Anna Karenina_, _The Winslow Boy_, _The Fan_, _Scrooge_, _The House Across the Lake_, and in _The Ghost Train_.

Dempster died from pneumonia on April 30, 1987 in Chicago, Illinois, aged 86.

## Some movies

- _The Great Well_ (1924)
- _Lord Babs_ (1932)
- _Music Hath Charms_ (1935)
- _Marigold_ (1938)
- _Three Silent Men_ (1940)

## Other websites

- Hugh Dempster at the Internet Movie Database
- Hugh Dempster at the Internet Broadway Database

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hugh Dempster
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois
- **death cause**: Pneumonia
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1923-1987
James B. Bradwell

**James Bolesworth Bradwell** (April 16, 1828 – November 30, 1907) was an American lawyer, judge, and a representative from Illinois.

Bradwell was born April 16, 1828, at Loughborough, England to American parents. He was raised in Utica, New York and in Jacksonville, Illinois. In 1852, he married Myra Colby. They had four children. Bradwell died on November 30, 1907 in Chicago, Illinois from pneumonia, aged 79.

## Other websites

- Biography on rootsweb
- _Transactions of the Illinois State Historical Society for the Year 1908_, pp. 329-330.
Thomas Reed (architect)

**Thomas Reed** (1817–1878), was a Danish architect.

He was born in the 19th century in the Saint Croix Island (in the time when it was a dependent territory of the Kingdom of Denmark) in 1817.

He studied in Germany and England, and arrived to Colombia in 1847. In Bogotá he was contracted to build the Colombian National Capitol by the president Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera. He also designed the Panopticon prison which was adapted in 1975 for the Colombian National Museum.

Reed died in 1878 in Guayaquil, Ecuador, aged 61.

## Other websites

- Biography of Thomas Reed , Banco de la República.
Reading (disambiguation)

**Reading** is a way of getting information that is written.

It may also refer to:
- Reading, Berkshire
    - Reading F.C.
    - Reading and Leeds Festivals
    - Reading railway station
- Reading, Pennsylvania
Glenn Plummer

**Glenn E. Plummer** (born August 18, 1961) is an American actor. He was born in Richmond, California. He has acted in many movies and TV series. He married DeMonica Santiago-Plummer in 2001. They have two children. Santiago-Plummer filed for divorce in February 2013.

## Television and movie roles

|Year|Movie/Program|Role||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1987|_Hands of Stranger_|||
|rowspan="2"|1988|_Funny Farm_|Mickey|
|_Colors_|Clarence Brown|||
|1989|_84C MoPic_|radio voice||
|1990|_Downtown_|||
|rowspan="2"|1991|_Pastime_||
|_Frankie and Johnny_||||
|1992|_South Central_|||
|rowspan="2"|1993|_The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air_||
|_Menace II Society_|Pernell|||
|1994|_Speed_|The owner of the Jaguar||
|1994–2007|_ER_|||
|rowspan="2"|1995|_Showgirls_|James Smith|
|_Strange Days_|Jeriko One|||
|1996|_The Substitute_|||
|rowspan="2"|1997|_Speed 2: Cruise Control_|Maurice|
|_One Night Stand_||||
|rowspan="2"|1998|_Heist_||
|_Thursday_|Ice|||
|rowspan="2"|2000|_Rangers_||
|_The Corner_|George "Blue" Epps|||
|rowspan="2"|2001|_Knight Club_||
|_Three Blind Mice_||||
|rowspan="2"|2002|_The Salton Sea_|Bobby|
|_Poolhall Junkies_||||
|rowspan="2"|2003|_Gang of Roses_||
|_Road Dogs_||||
|2004|_The Day After Tomorrow_|Luther||
|rowspan="3"|2005|_Saw II_|Jonas Singer|
|_VooDoo Curse: The Giddeh_||||
|_Brothers in Arms_||||
|2006|_Bones_|||
|rowspan="2"|2007|_Dexter_||
|_King of Hollywood_||||
|2008|_Longshots_|||
|2009|_Janky Promoters_|||
|2010|_Ca$h_|||
Jacki Weaver

**Jacqueline Ruth** "**Jacki**" **Weaver** (born 25 May 1947) is an Australian theatre, film, and television actress.

## Career

Weaver played in many movies, TV productions and theater performances since the 1970s. In 1971, she got an _Australian Film Institute Award_ for her performance in the movie _Stork_ as _Anna_. She got an award in the category supporting role for her performance in _Caddie_ in 1976.

In 2010, she was best known for her role as "Janine Cody" in _Animal Kingdom_. She got many prizes for it, including the Australian Film Institute, the _National Board of Review Award_, the _LAFCA-Award_ and the _Satellite Award_ in the category supporting actress.

In 2012, she played in the movie _Silver Linings Playbook_. For this performance, she got an Academy Award nomination in the category supporting actress.

## Television and movie roles

|Year|Movie/Program|Role|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1971|_Stork_||Australian Film Institute Award for Best Actress in a leading role||
|1973|_Alvin Purple_||||
|1974|_Petersen_||||
|rowspan="2"|1975|_Picnic at Hanging Rock_|Minnie||
|_The Removalists_|||||
|1976|_Caddie_||Australian Film Institute Award for Best Supporting Actress||
|1982|_Squizzy Taylor_||||
|1983|_Abra Cadabra_||||
|1987|_The Perfectionist_||||
|1996|_Cosi_||||
|1997|_The Two-Wheeled Time Machine_||||
|rowspan="2"|2010|_Animal Kingdom_|Janine 'Smurf' Cody|Australian Film Institute Award for Best Supporting Actress National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress Los Angeles Film Critics Association for Best Supporting Actress San Francisco Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress Utah Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress Nominated — Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture Nominated — Broadcast Film Critics Association for Best Supporting Actress|
|_Summer Coda_|||||
|rowspan="2"|2012|_The Five-Year Engagement_|||
|_Silver Linings Playbook_|Dolores|Nominated — Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|||
|2013|_Stoker_|Gwendolyn "Gin" Stoker|||

## Other websites

- Jacki Weaver at the National Film and Sound Archive

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jacki Weaver
- **image**: Jacki Weaver.jpg
- **caption**: Weaver at the AACTA Awards in Sydney, 31 January 2012
- **birth name**: Jacqueline Ruth Weaver
- **birth place**: Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 1966–present
- **spouse**: David Price <small>(m. 1966–1970)</small>
Max Hensser <small>(m. 1975 – ?)</small>
Derryn Hinch <small>(m. 1983–1996, 1997–1998)</small>
Sean Taylor <small>(m. 2003–present)</small>
- **domesticpartner**: Richard Wherrett <small>(1970–1975)</small>
John Walters <small>(? – ?, 1 child)</small>
- **children**: Dylan Walters
Glasnost

**Glasnost** () was a policy that called for increased openness in government institutions and activities in the Soviet Union. It was introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the second half of the 1980s. Glasnost is often paired with Perestroika (restructuring), another reform instituted by Gorbachev at the same time. The word "glasnost" has been used in Russian at least since the end of the 18th century.

The word was often used by Gorbachev for policies he believed might reduce corruption at the top, and moderate the abuse of power by the Central Committee. Russian human rights activist and dissident Lyudmila Alexeyeva explained glasnost as a word that "had been in the Russian language for centuries. It was in the dictionaries and lawbooks as long as there had been dictionaries and lawbooks. It was an ordinary, hardworking, nondescript word that was used to refer to a process, any process of justice of governance, being conducted in the open".

Glasnost can also refer to the specific period in the history of the USSR during the 1980s when there was less censorship and greater freedom of information.
Nerve cord

The **nerve cord** is a bundle of nerve fibres which run the length of an animal's body. In invertebrates it runs along the ventral side under the gut. In chordates it runs along the dorsal side above the gut.

In vertebrates it runs inside the backbone, and is called the spinal cord.
Ion Creangă

**Ion Creangă** (1 March 1837, Humulești, Romania – 31 December 1889, Iași) was a Moldavian writer.  He wrote all kinds of stories including his autobiography __ (English: _Childhood memories_).

## Related pages

- List of Romanian social scientists

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Ion Creangă<small>
Nică al lui Ștefan a Petrei
Ion Torcălău
Ioan Ștefănescu</small>
- **image**: Ion Creanga-Foto03.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **pseudonym**: Popa Smântână, Ioan Vântură-Țară
- **birth place**: Târgu Neamț
- **death place**: Iaşi
- **occupation**: Short story writer, educator, folklorist, poet, textile worker, cleric, politician
- **nationality**: Moldavian, Romanian
- **period**: 1864–1881
- **genre**: anecdote, children's literature, erotic literature, fable, fairy tale, Fantasy literature, fantasy, lyric poetry, memoir, novella, satire, short story, sketch story
- **movement**: Realism, _Junimea_
- **signature**: Ion Creanga - Semnatura.gif
Vasile Alecsandri

**Vasile Alecsandri** (21 June 1821, Bacău – 22 August 1890, Mircești) was a Romanian poet, politician, minister, and diplomat. He founded the Romanian Academy and Romanian Theatre.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Vasile Alecsandri
- **image**: Constantin Daniel Stahi - Portretul lui Vasile Alecsandri.jpg
- **imagesize**: 180px
- **caption**: Vasile Alecsandri
- **birth place**: Bacău, Romania
- **death place**: Mircești, Romania
- **occupation**: poet, politician, minister, and diplomat
- **nationality**: Romanian
- **signature**: Alecsandri signature.png
Tower of Saviors

***Tower of Saviors*** is a video game which is developed in Hong Kong. Since July 2013, this game has been downloaded over 5,000,000 times. Seventy-five percent of players are Taiwanese.

## Copying issue

The gameplay and characters are similar to _Puzzle & Dragons_, a Japanese game. The person in charge said that the game has referenced other games, such as _Puzzle & Dragons_.

## Other websites

- Official website of _Tower of Saviors_
Outboard motor

An **outboard motor** is traditionally an engine that is used with boats. With those is no need for oars. An outboard motor can be an electric motor, which doesn't pollute at all.
Interest rate

An **interest rate** is how much interest is paid by borrowers for the money that they borrow. It is usually a percentage of the sum borrowed. So, a simple 10% interest means that if one borrows $100, one pays back $110.

Interest rates in a  country are usually guided by a **base rate** set by its central bank. The interest rate to businesses and citizens is always above the base rate .
Pirkka-Pekka Petelius

**Pirkka-Pekka Petelius** (born 31 May 1953, Tornio) is a Finnish actor and singer. He started in the 1970s. He was born in Tornio. In 1975, he moved to Helsinki. He has released six albums.

## Movies

- 1976:
- 1986:
- 1988:
- 1999:
- 2013:

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Pirkka-Pekka Petelius.jpg
- **caption**: Pirkka-Pekka Petelius at SuomiAreena in Pori, 2015
- **birth place**: Tornio, Finland
- **occupation**: Actor, director, producer, screenwriter
- **citizenship**: Finnish people, Finnish
- **spouse**: Sari Siikander (divorced)
- **years active**: 1975–present
John Amis

**John Preston Amis** (17 June 1922 – 1 August 2013 ) was a British broadcaster, classical music critic, music administrator, radio and television personality, and writer. He was a writer for _The Guardian_ and to BBC radio and television music programming.

Amis was born on 17 June 1922 in Dulwich, London, England. He studied at Dulwich College. Amis was the cousin of Kingsley Amis. In 1949, he married the violinist Olive Zorian. The marriage was dissolved in 1955 and Zorian died in 1965. Amis died on 1 August 2013 from natural causes, aged 91.

## Other websites

- John Amis' official blog
Invaders Must Die (song)

"**Invaders Must Die**" is a song by the British electronic band The Prodigy. It was released on the band's website on 26 November 2008. It was the first single from the album _Invaders Must Die_.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Invaders Must Die
- **artist**: The Prodigy
- **album**: Invaders Must Die
- **recorded**: New York City, New York
- **genre**: Alternative dance, big beat, dance rock, electronic rock, rave
- **length**: 3:25
- **label**: Take Me to the Hospital (record label), Take Me to the Hospital
- **writer**: Liam Howlett
- **producer**: Liam Howlett
- **prev title**: Voodoo People/Out of Space
- **prev year**: 2005
- **next title**: Omen (song), Omen
- **next year**: 2009
Junkers Ju 88

The **Junkers Ju 88** is a twin-engine military aircraft. It was built in Nazi Germany. It was used as a bomber, fighter, and reconnaissance in World War II. Its first flight was in 1936. It was first used in 1939. At least 15,000 were built. It was one of the major Luftwaffe aircraft. It was used for the Battle of France and the Battle of Britain.
Grumman X-29

The **Grumman X-29** was an experimental United States aircraft. It aimed to test the technology of forward-swept wing and other technologies. It first flew in 1984. Tests were stopped in 1991. It was a single-turbojet aircraft. It was used by NASA.
General Atomics MQ-1 Predator

The **General Atomics MQ-1 Predator** is an American unmanned aerial vehicle. It is used by the US Air Force and the CIA for reconnaissance and as light attack aircraft. It is a single-engine aircraft. It was used in Afghanistan and Iraq. Its main weapon is the AGM-114 Hellfire light missile.

Italy, Morocco, and UAE are foreign operators.
Avro 504

The **Avro 504** is a British training aircraft. It was used for World War I. It is one of the first British military aircraft. It is a twin-seat and single-engine biplane. Some were used in Belgium, France, Portugal, and USA.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Avro 504
- **image**: File:Avro 504 2 ExCC.jpg
- **caption**: **Avro 504**.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Training aircraft.
- **national origin**: UK
- **manufacturer**: Avro
- **first flight**: 1913
- **introduction**: 1914
- **status**: Out of service.
- **primary user**: Royal Air Force, Royal Flying Corps
- **produced**: 1914-1932
- **number built**: More than 12000 examples