juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Avar language

The **Avar language** (self-designation ****  "language of the mountains" or **Авар мац**  "Avar language") belongs to the Avar-Andi-Tsez subgroup of the Alarodian Northeast-Caucasian (or Nakh-Dagestani) language family. It is spoken most in the eastern and southern parts of the Russian Caucasus republic of Dagestan, and the Balaken, Zakatala north-west area of Azerbaijan.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Avar
- **nativename**: _maarul mac_
- **familycolor**: Caucasian
- **states**: Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkey
- **region**: Republic of Dagestan
- **speakers**: ~600,000
- **fam1**: North Caucasian languages, North Caucasian _(disputed)_
- **fam2**: Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian
- **fam3**: Avar-Andic languages, Avar-Andic
- **iso1**: av
- **iso2**: ava
- **iso3**: ava
Azerbaijani language

**Azerbaijani** ( ; , , ) or **Azeri** ( ), also referred to as **Azerbaijani Turkic** or **Azerbaijani Turkish** (, , ), is a Turkic language that is spoken in Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran. Azerbaijani is the official language of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Dagestan in Russia.

Azerbaijani is also spoken in Dagestan (a republic of Russia), southeastern and eastern Georgia, northeastern Turkey and in some parts of Ukraine, northern Dobruja in Romania and in northwestern Iran. In Dagestan, there are over 30 different languages, and Russian is used as a lingua franca.

## References

- Notes

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Azerbaijani
- **altname**: Azeri
- **nativename**: , ,
- **image**: Azerbaijani.svg
- **imagecaption**: Azerbaijani in Perso-Arabic _Nastaliq_ (Iran), Latin (Azerbaijan), and Cyrillic (Russia).
- **region**: Iranian Azerbaijan, South Caucasus
- **ethnicity**: Azerbaijanis
- **speakers**: million
- **date**: 2022
- **stand1**: Shirvani (In Republic of Azerbaijan)
- **stand2**: Tabrizi (In Iranian Azerbaijan)
- **familycolor**: Altaic
- **fam1**: Turkic languages, Turkic
- **fam2**: Common Turkic languages, Common Turkic
- **fam3**: Oghuz languages, Oghuz
- **fam4**: Western Oghuz
- **ancestor**: Old Anatolian Turkish
- **ancestor2**: Ajem-Turkic
- **script**: *In Azerbaijan: Latin script (Azerbaijani_alphabet#Azerbaijani_Latin_alphabet, Azerbaijani Latin alphabet)
* In Iran: Perso-Arabic script (Azerbaijani_alphabet#Azerbaijani_Arabic_Alphabet, Azerbaijani Arabic alphabet)
* In Russia: Cyrillic script
* In Georgia: Georgian scripts, Georgian script (rarely)
- **dia1**: Afshar language, Afshar
Sonqori dialect, Sonqori
Yerevan dialect (Azerbaijani), Yerevan
Azerbaijani language#Dialects of Azerbaijani, various others
- **nation**: Azerbaijan
Dagestan (Russia)
Organization of Turkic States
- **iso1**: az
- **iso2**: aze
- **iso3**: aze
- **lc1**: azj
- **ld1**: North Azerbaijani
- **lc2**: azb
- **ld2**: South Azerbaijani
- **glottofoot**: no
- **glotto**: azer1255
- **glottoname**: Central Oghuz
- **lingua**: part of Oghuz languages, 44-AAB-a
- **map**: Map of the Azerbaijani language.svg
- **notice**: IPA
Bashkir language

The **Bashkir language** (Native name:  ) is a Turkic language. Speakers of the Bashkir language mostly live in the Russian republic of Bashkortostan. A large number of speakers also live in Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Perm Krai, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Sverdlovsk, and Kurgan Oblasts.

## Alphabet

Like other languages of Russia, Bashkir uses an alphabet made up of Cyrillic letters. The Bashkir alphabet has 42 letters, made up of the 33 letters of the Russian alphabet and 9 more letters for special Bashkir sounds. These 9 letters and their sounds are:
- Ә ә /æ/
- Ө ө /ø/
- Ү ү [y]
- Ғ ғ /ʁ/
- Ҡ ҡ /q/
- Ң ң /ŋ/
- Ҙ ҙ /ð/
- Ҫ ҫ /θ/
- Һ һ /h/

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Bashkir language
- **nativename**: Башорт теле __
- **states**: Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan
- **speakers**: more than 1,400,000
- **familycolor**: Altaic
- **fam1**: Altaic languages, Altaic
- **fam2**: Turkic languages, Turkic
- **fam3**: Kypchak languages, Kypchak
- **fam4**: Kypchak-Bolgar
- **nation**: Bashkortostan
- **iso1**: ba
- **iso2**: bak
- **iso3**: bak
Od language

**Od** (also called **Oad, Odki**) is a language spoken mostly about the Sindh and in a few in southern Punjab. It may also be spoken in Rajasthan, Republic of India.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Od
- **altname**: Odki
- **states**: Pakistan
- **region**: Sindh
- **speakers**: 50,000
- **date**: 1998
- **ref**: e18
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian
- **fam3**: Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan
- **fam4**: Southern?
- **fam5**: (unclassified)
- **iso3**: odk
- **glotto**: oddd1238
- **glottorefname**: Od
Ilium/Olympos

***Ilium/Olympos*** is a science fiction series that was written by Dan Simmons. The events in the books are set in motion by beings who have taken on the roles of the Greek gods. The first book in the series, _Illium_ received the Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel in 2004.

## Books

There are two books in the series:
- _Ilium_ (2003) - Locus Award 2004
- _Olympos_ (2005)
Ilium (book)

***Ilium*** is a science fiction book that was written by Dan Simmons.  It is the first part of the _Ilium/Olympos_ cycle, and is about the re-creation of the events in the _Iliad_ on Mars.

In July 2004, _Ilium_ got the Locus Award for best science fiction novel of 2003. It was later nominated for the 2004 Hugo Award for best book.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Ilium
- **author**: Dan Simmons
- **cover artist**: Gary Ruddell
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **series**: Ilium/Olympos
- **genre**: Science fiction
- **publisher**: HarperCollins, Eos imprint
- **release date**: 2003
- **media type**: Print (hardback & paperback)
- **pages**: 731 (paperback edition)
- **isbn**: 0-380-97893-8
- **followed by**: Olympos (novel), Olympos
Olympos (book)

***Olympos*** is a book that was written by Dan Simmons in 2005, and is the sequel to _Ilium_ It is a science fiction book that ends the series Ilium/Olympos. It uses ideas from the _Iliad_ and the _Odyssey_.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Olympos
- **author**: Dan Simmons
- **cover artist**: Gary Ruddell; cover design by Ervin Serrano
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **series**: _Ilium/Olympus_
- **genre**: Science fiction
- **publisher**: HarperCollins, Eos imprint
- **release date**: June 28, 2005
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover, Hardback)
- **pages**: 690 hardcover, 891 paperback
- **isbn**: 0-380-97894-6
- **dewey**: 813/.54 22
- **congress**: PS3569.I47292 O49 2005
- **oclc**: 57694972
- **preceded by**: Ilium (novel), Ilium (2003)
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto

**Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto** (, ; January 5, 1928 – April 4, 1979) was a Pakistani politician. He was the President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973. He was Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977. He was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), the largest and most influential political party in Pakistan.

He was educated at the University of California, Berkeley in the United States and Oxford University in the United Kingdom. Bhutto was executed by hanging in 1979 for ordering the murder of a political opponent. His execution was ordered by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Bhutto's supporters give him the honorific title Shaheed, the Urdu word for martyr. His name then becomes Shaheed-e-Azam Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto ("The Great Martyr") or sometimes **Quaid-e-Awam** (The Leader the Community).

He was married to Nusrat Bhutto (née Ispahnie) from 1951 until his death. Their elder daughter, Benazir Bhutto (1953-2007), was also Prime Minister of Pakistan, twice. The couple had three other children: son Murtaza Bhutto (1954-1996) daughter Sanam Bhutto (born 1957), and son Shahnawaz Bhutto (1958-1985).

## Other websites

- Official website of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
- **image**: Z A Bhutto (President of Pakistan).jpg
- **caption**: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
- **order**: President of Pakistan
- **term start**: December 20, 1971
- **term end**: August 13, 1973
- **predecessor**: Yahya Khan
- **successor**: Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry
- **order2**: Prime Minister of Pakistan
- **term start2**: August 14, 1973
- **term end2**: July 5, 1977
- **predecessor2**: Nurul Amin
- **successor2**: Muhammad Khan Junejo
- **birth date**: January 5, 1928
- **birth place**: Larkana, British Raj
- **death date**: April 4, 1979 (aged 51)
- **death place**: Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- **death cause**: Executed
- **party**: Pakistan Peoples Party
- **spouse**: Nusrat Bhutto (m. 1951-1979, his death)
- **children**: Benazir Bhutto (dead)
Murtaza Bhutto (dead)
Sanam Bhutto
Shahnawaz Bhutto (dead)
Pothohar Plateau

The **Pothohar Plateau** (also spelled **Pothwar**, **Potwar** or **Pothowar**) () is a plateau in northwestern Punjab, Pakistan. The area was the home of the Soan Culture (a stone age culture), and there are many fossils, tools, coins, and remains of ancient archaeological sites such as Taxila. It borders the western parts of Azad Kashmir and the southern part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The local Pothohari people speak a northwestern Indo-Aryan dialect called Pothwari. The biggest city of the plateau is Rawalpindi. Pothohari people also inhabit large areas of the neighbouring Azad Kashmir region.
Northern Indo-Aryan languages

The **Northern Indo-Aryan languages** or the **Pahari languages** (or **Pahaari**) is a word for a number of northern Indo-Aryan dialects spoken across the Himalayan range, not limited to a single country.  The word comes from 'pahar' meaning mountain. The word _Pahaari_ or _Pahari_ is an adjective in Punjabi and it means 'of the mountain', so 'Pahari' means 'language of the mountain people'.

Pakistan, India and Nepal are all countries along which the Himalayas run, and in all three countries the word for mountain is **Pahar** this is because they are all related languages (they are all Indo-Aryan languages of the Indo-European language family).  The Pahari language is also part of this group and constitutes the northernmost of the Indo-Aryan language family.  Travel in mountainous areas is difficult, so dialects close to each other can be very different.

## Infobox (language family)

- **name**: Pahari
- **altname**: पहाड़ी
پہاڑی
- **region**: (Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab (India), Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, West Bengal), ,  (Azad Kashmir),  (Tibet)
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian
- **fam3**: Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan
- **fam4**: Indo-Aryan languages#Northern Zone, Northern Zone
- **child1**: Eastern (Nepali language, Nepali)
- **child2**: Central (Garhwali, Kumaoni language, Kumaoni)
- **child3**: Western Dogri-Kangri languages
Bose-Einstein statistics

In statistical mechanics, **Bose-Einstein statistics** means the statistics of a system where you can not tell the difference between any of the particles, and the particles are bosons. Bosons are fundamental particles like the photon.

The Bose-Einstein distribution tells you how many particles have a certain energy. The formula is

with  and where:

- _n(ε)_  is the number of particles which have energy ε
- _ε_  is the energy
- μ is the chemical potential
- _k_ is Boltzmann's constant
- _T_ is the temperature

If , then the Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a good approximation.
Activision

**Activision Publishing** is an American video game company. It was the first third party in the industry's history. It was founded on October 1, 1979. On July 9, 2008, it merged with Vivendi to make a new company called Activision Blizzard. Activision is best known for _Tony Hawk's Pro Skater_, _Call of Duty_, and _Guitar Hero_.

### Current

|Name|Location|Founded|Acquired|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Activision Shanghai Studio|Shanghai, China|2009|–|
|Beenox|Quebec City, Canada|2000|2005|
|Demonware|Dublin, Ireland|2003|2007|
|Digital Legends Entertainment|Barcelona, Spain|2001|2021|
|Elsewhere Entertainment|Warsaw, Poland|2024|–|
|High Moon Studios|Carlsbad, California, U. S.|2001|2006|
|Infinity Ward|Woodward Hills, Los Angeles, California, U. S.|2002|2003|
|Raven Software|Madison, Wisconsin, U. S.|1990|1997|
|Sledgehammer Games|Foster City, California, U. S.|2009|–|
|Solid State Studios|Santa Monica, California, U. S.|2021|–|
|Treyarch|Playa Vista, Los Angeles, California, U. S.|1996|2001|

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Activision Publishing, Inc.
- **logo**: Activision.svg
- **image**: 2701 Olympic Boulevard.jpg
- **image caption**: Headquarters in Santa Monica (shared with Activision Blizzard)
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **industry**: Video games
- **founder**: David Crane
Alan Miller
Bob Whitehead
Jim Levy
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **parent**: Activision, Inc. (2000–2008)
Activision Blizzard (2008–present)
OXO (video game)

***OXO*** is a tic-tac-toe video game, and one of the first video game ever made. It was made in 1952 for the EDSAC computer by Alexander S. Douglas for his Ph.D. thesis on human-computer interaction at the University of Cambridge.
Will Wright (game developer)

***Will Wright*** (born on January 20, 1960 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American video game developer and is the co-founder of Maxis, now a part of Electronic Arts. He's most famous for _SimCity_, _The Sims_ and Spore.  He is currently working on a new project, and has set up the "Stupid Fan Club".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Will Wright
- **image**: Willwrightatsxsw.jpg
- **image size**: 215px
- **caption**: Will Wright speaking at South by Southwest in 2007
- **birth place**: Atlanta, Georgia
- **occupation**: Game designer
- **spouse**: Joell Jones
Pikmin (video game)

***Pikmin*** is a real-time strategy video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube, and later the Wii and Switch. The plot involves an alien captain named Captain Olimar who crash-lands on a planet and meets creatures called Pikmin, which he uses to protect himself and find his ship parts before he runs out of air.

### Setting

The in-game universe has many locations, including a planet known as Hocotate, where Olimar is from, and a planet that resembles Earth. In-game, the planet is from a small perspective, as both Olimar and the Pikmin are no larger than US quarters.

### Summary

Captain Olimar is traveling in his spaceship called the Dolphin, when it suddenly collides with a meteor and crashes on an unknown planet resembling Earth. He travels for a bit before he finds a creature called a Pikmin. He meets up with other Pikmin, and has to use them to gather up the pieces he lost from his ship before 30 days run out, or the game will be over.

## Gameplay

The player controls Captain Olimar, who can throw the Pikmin. Pikmin are plucked out of the ground, and they live in a nest called an onion when they are not deployed. There can be up to 100 different Pikmin out of the onions at any moment. There are three kinds of Pikmin, stronger Red Pikmin, immune to fire, lighter Yellow Pikmin, who can pick up bomb rocks, and Blue Pikmin, immune to water.

## Music

Music from _Pikmin_ was used in _Super Smash Bros. Brawl_, including "Ai no Uta" (in Japanese and French). It also reappears in _Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U_ and _Super Smash Bros. Ultimate_, as Olimar appears in those games.

## Reception

_Pikmin_ got good reviews and is considered one of the best GameCube launch games. Reviewers liked its strategic gameplay, but a lot complained about the time limit, saying it made it harder to play the game outside of the main task.

### Legacy

Because of _Pikmin_s popularity, Captain Olimar and his Pikmin appeared in _Super Smash Bros. Brawl_, along with other creatures and characters as trophies. Olimar also appeared in _Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U_ and _Super Smash Bros. Ultimate_ as a fighter.

## Sequels

_Pikmin_ had a sequel called _Pikmin 2_ in 2004 for the GameCube as well. Another _Pikmin_ game, _Pikmin 3_, was released on August 4, 2013 for the Wii U, and later, the Nintendo Switch as _Pikmin 3 Deluxe_. On July 21, 2023, _Pikmin 4_ was released for the Nintendo Switch.

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Pikmin
- **developer**: Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, Nintendo EAD
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **designer**: Shigefumi Hino
Masamichi Abe
Shigeru Miyamoto
- **released**: <small><sup>**Japan, JPN**</sup></small> October 26, 2001
<small><sup>**North America, NA**</sup></small> December 3, 2001
<small><sup>**Europe, EU**</sup></small> June 14, 2002
- **genre**: Real-time strategy
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Nintendo GameCube, Nintendo Wii, Nintendo Switch
Sid Meier

***Sid Meier*** (born on February 24, 1954, in Sarnia, Ontario) is a Canadian-American video game developer, most well-known for his turn-based strategy games. He founded Microprose in 1982, with Bill Stealey. In 1996, he left Microprose and joined Firaxis Games.

## Games

- _Gunship_ (1986)
- _Railroad Tycoon_ (1990)
- _Civilization_ (1991)
- _Colonization_ (1994)
- _Civilization II_ (1996)
- _Alpha Centauri_ (1999)
- _Civilization III_ (2001)
- _Civilization IV_ (2005)
- _Civilization V_ (2010)
- _Civilization VI_ (2016)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sid Meier
- **image**: Sid Meier cropped.jpg
- **birth date**: February 24 1954
- **birth place**: Sarnia, Ontario, Canada
- **occupation**: Game developer
- **spouse**: Susan Meier
- **children**: Ryan Meier
Ralph H. Baer

**Ralph Henry Baer** (March 8, 1922 – December 6, 2014) was a German-American inventor and engineer, known for his contributions to the video game industry.

Because he was of Jewish descent, Baer moved to New York City in 1938. He later became a U.S. citizen.

He died at his home in Manchester, New Hampshire on December 6, 2014, according to family and friends close to him. He was 92 years old.

## Other websites

- Ralph Baer Consultants
- Ralph Baer's US patents

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ralph Henry Baer
- **image**: Ralph-Baer.jpg
- **caption**: Baer in June 2009
- **birth name**: Rudolf Heinrich Baer
- **birth place**: Rodalben, Rhineland-Palatinate, Palatinate, Germany
- **death place**: Manchester, New Hampshire, U.S.
- **occupation**: Invention, Inventor
- **spouse**: Dena Whinston
(m. 1952–2006, her death)
- **parents**: James L. Baer, Lucy K. Linard
- **children**: James, Mark, Nancy
- **website**: [http://www.ralphbaer.com/ Official website]
Pong

***Pong*** is a video game made by Atari. It is believed to be the first video game ever made, although it was made after games similar to it were also made, including _Tennis for Two_ and could be emulated by WinUaw.

To play the game a quarter or token must be put into the game machine's slot. Two knobs, are called "paddles" because they control the tennis paddle on the screen.  Turn the knob one way and the paddle goes up. Turn the knob the other way and the paddle goes down. The other knob does the same thing to the other paddle on the screen.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Pong
- **image**: Signed Pong Cabinet.jpg
- **alt**: A vertical rectangular wooden structure with a visual display unit embedded in the front side.
- **caption**: An upright cabinet of _Pong_ on display at the Neville Public Museum of Brown County
- **developer**: Atari, Inc, Atari
- **publisher**: Atari
- **designer**: Allan Alcorn
- **released**: 29 November 1972
- **genre**: Sports game, Sports
- **platforms**: Arcade game, Arcade
- **cabinet**: Upright
- **cpu**: Discrete device, Discrete
- **sound**: Monaural (Mono)
- **display**: Vertical orientation, black-and-white Raster graphics, raster display, standard resolution
Nolan Bushnell

**Nolan Bushnell** (born February 5, 1943) is an American electrical engineer and entrepreneur. He founded both Atari Inc. (alongside Ted Dabney) and Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza-Time Theaters. Bushnell is in the Video Game Hall of Fame and the Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame.  He got the BAFTA Fellowship and the Nations Restaurant News “Innovator of the Year” award.  He was named one of Newsweek's "50 Men Who Changed America." Bushnell has started more than twenty companies. He is one of the founding fathers of the video game industry.

Bushnell graduated from the University of Utah with a degree in electrical engineering in 1968. Bushnell was raised in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, but is no longer an active member.

Bushnell was featured in the documentary film _Something Ventured_ which premiered in 2011.

Bushnell's most recent company is uWink.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Nolan Bushnell
- **image**: Nolan Bushnell (2009).jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Nolan Bushnell in 2009
- **birth place**: Clearfield, Utah
- **citizenship**: United States
- **field**: Electrical Engineering
entrepreneur
- **work institutions**: Atari
Chuck E. Cheese's
- **alma mater**: University of Utah
- **known for**: Pong
- **awards**: Video Game Hall of Fame
 Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame
Dragon Warrior

***Dragon Warrior*** (called ***Dragon Quest*** in Japan) is a role-playing video game made by Chunsoft and published by Enix Corporation and Nintendo of America for the Nintendo Entertainment System game console. It is the first in the _Dragon Quest_ series.

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Dragon Warrior
- **developer**: Chunsoft
- **publisher**: <small><sup>**Japan, JPN**</sup></small> Enix, Enix Corporation
<small><sup>**North America, NA**</sup></small> Nintendo, Nintendo of America
- **released**: <small><sup>**Japan, JPN**</sup></small> May 27, 1986
<small><sup>**North America, NA**</sup></small> August 1989
- **genre**: Role-playing game
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Nintendo Entertainment System, NES/Famicom, MSX, NEC PC-9801, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, Super Famicom, Game Boy/Game Boy Color (hybrid cartridge), Mobile phone
Pete Young

**Bryan Owen "Pete" Young** (born March 19, 1968 in Meadville, Mississippi) is a former right-handed relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Montreal Expos in 1992 and 1993. He went to  Mississippi State University, where he played college baseball.

## Career

On June 2, , Young was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the 22nd round of the amateur draft, but did not sign to play Minor League Baseball with Cincinnati, deciding to instead attend Mississippi State where he practiced to become a better pitcher. Young was drafted again on June 5,  by the Montreal Expos in the 6th round (148th overall pick) of the amateur draft. This time, Young signed to play in the minors in the Expos organization.

Young made his major league debut on June 5,  with the Expos at age 24. On that day, Young pitched 1⅔ innings against the Reds, striking out one batter. The Expos lost the game 10-4. Young played his final major league game for the Expos on July 18, ; on February 18, , he was purchased along with Matt Stairs by the Boston Red Sox organization, but his career ended that season after not reaching the major league club.

At the time of his retirement, Young had earned a career earned run average of 3.63. He finished with 25⅔ innings pitched, striking out 14 batters, and playing in a total of 17 games. He allowed 22 hits, 1 home run, and 9 walks. He only got one win in his career, on July 10,  against the San Diego Padres. Young came to bat only once in his two-season career.

## Other websites

- Baseball Almanac
- BaseballLibrary

## Infobox (mlb player)

- **name**: Pete Young
- **width**: 300
- **team**: Retired
- **number**: unknown
- **position**: Relief pitcher
- **birth place**: Meadville, Mississippi
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **debutdate**: June 5
- **debutyear**: 1992
- **debutteam**: Montreal Expos
- **stat1label**: Win (baseball), Win-Loss
- **stat1value**: 1-0
- **stat2label**: Earned run average
- **stat2value**: 3.63
- **stat3label**: Strikeouts
- **stat3value**: 14
- **teams**: * Montreal Expos (-)
Pete Smith

**Pete Smith** may mean:

- Pete Smith (announcer), Australian radio and television announcer
- Pete L. Smith, Major League Baseball pitcher, 1962–1963
- Pete Smith (baseball, born 1966), Major League Baseball pitcher, 1987–1998
- Peter K Smith, founder of Cavalier Yachts, boat-builder, sailor, and marine anchor designer
- Pete Smith (movie producer)
- Pete Smith (actor)
DJ (disambiguation)

**DJ** or **dj** may mean:
- Disc jockey
- Dow Jones
- Either deca-joule (daJ = 10<sup>1</sup>  J) or deci-joule (dJ = 10<sup>-1</sup>  J), both SI units of energy
- Deejay, a term used in Dancehall music for an emcee or lyricist.
- Toasting, talking or chanting over a rhythm
- Dansk Jernbane ApS, a Danish railway company
- DeadJournal website
- Dinner jacket
- Dirty Jobs
- District Judge
- "DJ" is a nickname of New York Yankees shortstop Derek Jeter
- "DJ" is also a nickname for Cleveland Cavaliers point guard-shooting guard Damon Jones
- "DJ" is also a nickname for all-star basketball guard Dennis Johnson
- "DJ" is also a nickname for NASCAR champion Dale Jarrett
- "DJ's" is a nickname for the David Jones Limited department store chain in Australia
- DJ (song), a single by David Bowie
- "DJ Lance Rock" from Yo Gabba Gabba!, an American children's TV show on Nick Jr.
- Freddy Bastone was one of the youngest, most "DJ's" during the club scene of the 1980s.
- Djibouti, country in eastern Africa
- Djembe drum, common to many drum circles.
- Dee Jay, a Jamaican video game character in Street Fighter, a kids' TV series
- Dell Digital Jukebox
- Dirt Jumping a bicycle riding style
- RBK DJ, a sneaker created by Reebok
- A strip club euphemism for bouncer
- Airlines Virgin Blue and Pacific Blue, whose IATA code is D.J.
- D.J. a play by Georgi Gospodinov about the legend of Don Juan
- D.J. Carey, Kilkenny hurling player
- D.J. Conner, a character on the TV sitcom _Roseanne_
- Drake and Josh, an American Nickelodeon kids' animated comedy
- D.J. Tanner, a character on the TV show Full House
- D. J. Augustin, a Texas Longhorns basketball player
- Daniel Jones (phonetician) a pronunciation dictionary of British English
- Double Jeopardy, a 1999 film
- Daljeet, a character, played by actor Aamir Khan, in the Hindi movie "Rang De Basanti" (RDB) released in January 2006
- Deterministic jitter is a signal processing phenomenon in telecommunications
- Dimension Jump (UK Convention) an annual UK Red Dwarf Convention
- DJ Qualls, actor
- Dust jacket, a cover on a book
Steam locomotive

A **steam locomotive** is a steam powered railway locomotive. It was used a lot between about 1830 and 1970. Afterwards, diesel and electric locomotives were used more often. The first steam locomotive was made by Richard Trevithick for a railway used for moving iron at an Ironworks in Wales. A steam locomotive works by burning a fuel like coal in a special space called a firebox. This produces hot gases that rise and go through tubes in a boiler - a large space with water in it. This heats the water, producing steam. The steam is then taken through another tube to a cylinder. The steam then pushes the piston which in turn pushes a metal rod that is connected to the wheels, making the locomotive move. The steam then rises out through the chimney.

Early in the 19th century, steam locomotives were created in the UK, and they were utilized for railroad transportation until the mid-1900s.Steam locomotives are still today used in many developing countries where the railways have not yet been electrified.

## Other websites

- GKB 671:The longest serving steam locomotive in the world (since 1860)
- Database of surviving steam locomotives in North America
- Information on North American steam railroads in operation
- UK heritage railways and preserved locomotives database
- Pages for the British project to build a modern steam locomotive. The Advanced Steam Locomotive. (5AT)
- International Steam Locomotives
- Tracks of Time
Conjunction

**Conjunctions** are words which join phrases, clauses and sentences.

Conjunctions have three basic forms which are shown in the table below.

|Form|Words|Sentences|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Single Word||and, but, because, although, or, so, for, etc.||Do you want chips **or** cake?|
|Compound||provided that, as long as, in order that/to, etc.||You need to exercise **in order to** lose weight.|
|Correlative||both/and, either/or, neither/nor, if/then, not/but, not only/but also||**Either **Monday **or** Tuesday is fine. **Not only** should you eat fruit, **but also** vegetables.|

Conjunctions also have two functions, as shown below.

|Type|Function|Position|Example Sentences||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Coordinating conjunctions||Join equal (independent) parts of a sentence.||Always come between the words/clauses that they join.||Jack **and** Jill went up the hill. The water was warm, **but** I didn't go swimming.|
|Subordinating conjunctions||Join subordinate clauses to main clauses.||Usually come at the beginning of subordinate clauses.||I went swimming **although** it was cold.|

Although some people say it's not correct to use conjunctions at the beginning of a sentences, many famous writers do so.

## References

5.**Definition of Conjunctions, Examples and Practice Sets**
Soanian

The **Soanian** **culture** () is a prehistoric technological culture from the Siwalik Hills in the South Asia. It is named after the Soan River Valley in Pakistan. Soanian sites are found all along the Siwalik region but the major sites are in the Soan region of Pakistan. The Soanian culture has been dated back to the Middle Pleistocene period (774,000 to 129,000 years ago) or the mid-Holocene epoch (Northgrippian).

This culture was first discovered and named by the anthropology and archaeology team led by Helmut De Terra and Thomas Thomson Paterson. Soanian artifacts were made of quartzite pebbles, cobbles, and boulders, all from the Siwalik region.

Apart from a few places, like the Soan Valley in Pakistan, there aren't many places where you find a lot of Soanian tools. Usually, you'll only find a few dozen of these artifacts in one spot. Soanian tools likely came about because of how rocks formed in the past. This made it easy for people to move around the materials they needed to make these tools.
Richard Hakluyt

**Richard Hakluyt** (, or ) (c. 1552 or 1553 – 23 November 1616) was an English writer. He is famous for his efforts in promoting the settlement of North America by the English through his works. His most important books are _Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America_ (1582) and _The Principal Navigations, Voiages, Traffiques and Discoueries of the English Nation_ (1598–1600).

## Works

- Quarto. Reprint:

## References

- Jones, John Winter, "Introduction" of

## Other websites

- Official website of the Hakluyt Society
- "Richard Hakluyt", § 13 in pt. IV ("The Literature of the Sea") of vol. IV of
- Works by Richard Hakluyt at Google Books
- Works by Richard Hakluyt at Internet Archive

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Richard Hakluyt
- **image**: RichardHakluyt-BristolCathedral-stainedglasswindow.jpg
- **caption**: <small>Hakluyt depicted in stained glass in the West Window of the South Transept of Bristol Cathedral – Charles Eamer Kempe, _c._ 1905.</small>
- **birth date**: c. 1552 or 1553
- **birth place**: Hereford, Herefordshire; or London, England
- **death place**: London, England
- **occupation**: Author, Editing, editor and Translation, translator
- **nationality**: England, English
- **period**: 1580–1609
- **subject**: Exploration; geography; travel
- **signature**: RichardHakluyt-DiversVoyages-1582-signature.jpg
Ashurbanipal

**Ashurbanipal** (685 BC – 627 BC), the son of Esarhaddon, was the last great king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. He established (started) the first organized library in the ancient Middle East, the Library of Ashurbanipal, which survives in part today at Nineveh.

In the Bible he is called Asenappar. Roman historian Justinus identified him as Sardanapalus, and describes him as effeminate.

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Ashurbanipal
- **title**: King of Assyria
- **native lang1**: Akkadian
- **native lang1 name1**: Aššur-bāni-apli
- **native lang2**: Greek
- **native lang2 name1**: Sardanapalos
- **native lang3**: Latin
- **native lang3 name1**: Sardanapalus
- **caption**: Ashurbanipal on a chariot
during a royal lion hunt.
- **reign**: 668 – ca. 627 BC
- **birth date**: 685 BC
- **death date**: 627 BC
Édouard Daladier

**Édouard Daladier** (18 June 1884 - 10 October 1970) was a politician, who was the Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War. He was one of the politicians in France who tried to stop the war and signed the Munich Agreement at a conference in 1938, together with British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, as well as the dictators of Germany and Italy: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Édouard Daladier
- **image**: Édouard Daladier.jpg
- **order**: 105<sup>th</sup> Prime Minister of France
- **term start**: 31 January 1933
- **term end**: 26 October 26 1933
- **president**: Albert Lebrun
- **predecessor**: Joseph Paul-Boncour
- **successor**: Albert Sarraut
- **order2**: 108<sup>th</sup> Prime Minister of France
- **term start2**: 30 January 1934
- **term end2**: 9 February 1934
- **president2**: Albert Lebrun
- **predecessor2**: Camille Chautemps
- **successor2**: Gaston Doumergue
- **order3**: 117<sup>th</sup> Prime Minister of France
- **term start3**: 10 April 1938
- **term end3**: 21 March 1940
- **president3**: Albert Lebrun
- **predecessor3**: Léon Blum
- **successor3**: Paul Reynaud
- **birth date**: 18 June 1884
- **birth place**: Carpentras, France
- **death date**: 10 October 1970
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **party**: Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party, Radical
- **caption**: Daladier In the 1930’s
Dawson Island

**Dawson Island** (Lat: 53º  58’ 12” S Long: 70º 34’ 48”W) is an island in the Strait of Magellan. It is in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago. It is  south of the city of Punta Arenas in Chile. It is part of the municipality of Punta Arenas. It is southeast of Brunswick Peninsula. It is an approximately  tract of land that often has harsh Antarctic weather. Its population was 415 as of the 1992 census, and 301 as of 2002. The settlements are Puerto Harris, Puerto San Antonio and Puerto Almeida.

## Other websites

- Interactive map
Strike

**Strike** may mean:
- Strike action, when workers decide to stop working at their jobs until their demands are met
- General strike, a strike action by many workers in a city, area, or country
- Hunger strike, when someone decides to not eat in order to protest

**Strike** may refer to a fight, including:
- Strike (attack), an attack meant to hit a human body and cause harm
- Military strike, a military attack on a certain target

In **sports** and **games**:
- Strike (baseball) in baseball, a mark against a batter
- Strike (bowling), when a player knocks down all the pins with the first ball of a frame
Bird flight

Flight is a method of moving through the air.  To do this, birds use wings with light, hollow bones and feathers on them.  Birds have a streamlined body shape, so that they slip through air more easily.

Birds can move by flapping their wings, or they can stay in the same place. This is called hovering, with rapid wing beats, as with the kestrel. Birds that  soar use very little energy for it: they use columns of rising hot air to lift them. They glide from the top of a warm air current, and then move on to another warm air current. That way birds like buzzards can fly all day while using little energy.

Birds like hawks and gannets dive on their prey. They get to a height, them fold their wings and dive head-first.

## Lift

The fundamentals of bird flight are similar to those of aircraft. Lift force is produced by the action of air flow on the wing, which is an airfoil. The lift force occurs because the air has a lower pressure just above the wing and higher pressure below.
Super Mario Land

***Super Mario Land*** is a platform video game made by Nintendo for the Game Boy game console. It is one of the only two Mario games designed by Gunpei Yokoi, and the first _Mario_ game for a handheld console.

## Plot

An evil alien monster called Tatanga comes to a kingdom called Sarasaland and kidnaps Princess Daisy. Mario comes to save her and has to go through four worlds and defeat Tatanga's four minions to rescue Daisy from Tatanga.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Super Mario Land
- **image**: Supermarioland-Logo.svg
- **developer**: Nintendo Research & Development 1, Nintendo R&D1
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **designer**: Gunpei Yokoi
- **engine**: Modified _Super Mario Bros._ engine
- **series**: _Mario (series), Mario_
- **released**: **Game Boy:**
**Virtual Console (Nintendo 3DS):**

- **genre**: Platform game, Platform
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Game Boy, Virtual Console (Nintendo 3DS)
Mario (series)

is Nintendo's largest video game series. They feature Nintendo's mascot Mario and, in most of the games, his brother Luigi. The _Mario_ series has been running for more than 40 years. More than 200 video games have been released in the series. The series has been named the best-selling video game series in history, with over 262 million combined units sold.

The series started out in 1981 with the arcade video game, _Donkey Kong_, and has since then taken off into its own series. It was created by Shigeru Miyamoto. Mario, going under the name Jumpman when _Donkey Kong_ was first released, is the main protagonist throughout most of the series. The main antagonist of the series is Bowser, the King of all Koopas. Most of the games have something to do with jumping and defeating enemies. The games usually feature simple storylines. The most common theme in the series is Bowser, the main villain, taking away Princess Peach, who the Mario brothers try to save during the games.

## Related pages

- List of video games featuring Mario

## References

**Notes**
Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island

***Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island*** (called  in Japan) is a platform video game made by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System game console. A follow-up game called _Yoshi's Story_ was released for the Nintendo 64, and a direct sequel was released for the Nintendo DS called _Yoshi's Island DS_.

## Plot

_Yoshi's Island_ takes place many years before _Donkey Kong_, the first _Mario_ game. Baby Mario and Baby Luigi are being taken to their parents by the Stork, but a Magikoopa named Kamek attacks it, kidnapping Baby Luigi and causing Baby Mario to drop to Yoshi's Island. Baby Mario lands on the back of Yoshi, who, along with seven other Yoshis, helps Baby Mario defeat Baby Bowser and rescue Baby Luigi.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island
- **developer**: Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development, Nintendo EAD
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **designer**: Takashi Tezuka (game director, director)
- **series**: _Yoshi_, _Mario (series), Mario_
- **released**: **Super Nintendo Entertainment System:**

**Game Boy Advance:**
**Virtual Console (Wii):**
**SNES Classic Edition:**
**Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online:**

- **genre**: Platform game
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Super Nintendo Entertainment System, Super NES
Game Boy Advance
Virtual Console (Wii), SNES Classic Edition, Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online
Palindrome

A **palindrome** is a word, sentence, or number that reads the same from left to right as from right to left. Punctuation does not matter, but letters and digits do. All alphabetic languages have palindromes. The first palindrome was the Latin Sator Square, which reads:

You can read it horizontally, backwards, or even vertically.

### Words

- Mum or Mom
- Dad
- Deed
- Level
- Radar
- Kayak
- Eye
- Madam
- Rotor
- Krape Park

### Sentences

- Was it a cat I saw?
- Do geese see God?
- Rats live on no evil star.
- Never odd or even.
- Madam, I'm Adam.
- Go Hang a salami I'm a lasagna hog
- Top spot
- Nurses run

### Numbers

- 1881
- 1991
- 2002

## Related pages

- Palindromic prime
Environmentalism

**Environmentalism** is both a philosophy and a social movement that is about protecting nature. It advocates helping to preserve, protect, and restore the natural environment from damage.  Environmentalists often talk about threats to the earth from pollution, climate change and overpopulation.  Environmentalism is both personal and political.  In their own lives, environmentalists do things that are better for the earth, such as recycling, using natural products, and supporting businesses that try not to harm the environment.  Politically, they support laws that help the environment, like laws against pollution.

The word **Environmentalism** comes from 'environmental' and '-ism'.  'Environmental' is the chemical, physical, and biological components of the environment while '-ism' is a suffix used to create action nouns out of verbs.

## Related pages

- Anti-capitalism
- Car-free movement
- Climate change
- Conservation biology
- Earth Day
- Ecology
- Environmental art
- Green politics
- Greenwashing
- Reforesting
- Right to a healthy environment
- Simple living
- Sustainability
- United Nations Environment Programme
- Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
Samurai Champloo

**Samurai Champloo** is a Japanese anime television show. Mugen is a fierce animal-like warrior with a unique Bboying (break-dance) inspired fighting style. Jin has a more traditional style. The two opposing samurai warriors are far from friends, yet their split paths seem to cross anyways. Mugen is wandering aimlessly through the city when he walks upon a teahouse where he meets Jin and Fuu. Fuu convinces them both to come with her in search of a mysterious samurai that smells like sunflowers and their journey begins. This modernized hip-hop tale breaks the barriers of the common, historical, samurai anime.

This anime contains 26 episodes and two seasons, documenting the journey of these three misfits.  The episodes are shown on Adult Swim from time to time, but never consistently.  Whenever on American television, only the first season is aired.

## Other websites

- _Samurai Champloo_ Official Web Site
- Geneon _Samurai Champloo_ Web Site

## Infobox (animanga/header)

- **name**: Samurai Champloo
- **ja kanji**: サムライチャンプルー
- **ja romaji**: Samurai Chanpurū
- **creator**: Manglobe


## Infobox (animanga/print)

- **type**: manga
- **author**: Masaru Gotsubo
- **publisher**: Kadokawa Shoten
- **demographic**: _Shōnen manga, Shōnen_
- **magazine**: Monthly Shōnen Ace
- **first**: January 26, 2004
- **last**: September 25, 2004
- **volumes**: 2


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: tv series
- **director**: Shinichirō Watanabe
- **writer**: Shinji Obara
- **studio**: Manglobe
- **network**: Fuji Television, Fuji TV
- **first**: May 20, 2004
- **last**: March 19, 2005
- **episodes**: 26
- **episode list**: List of Samurai Champloo episodes


## Infobox (animanga/footer)
Košice

**Košice** (,  IPA kɒʃɪtsə) is the second biggest city in Slovakia, and the biggest city in eastern Slovakia.  people () live in the city. Košice was founded in 1230.

## Administrative division

The town of Košice is divided into 4 districts and 22 city parts:

|colspan=2|Administrative division of Košice|
| --- | --- |
|Džungľa, Kavečany, Košice-Sever Sídlisko Ťahanovce, Staré mesto, Ťahanovce||
|Lorinčík, Luník IX, Myslava, Pereš, Poľov, Sídlisko KVP, Šaca, Košice-Západ||
|Sídlisko dargovských hrdinov, Košická Nová Ves||
|Košice-Barca, Košice-Juh, Krásna, Nad jazerom, Šebastovce, Vyšné Opátske||

## Sister cities

- Budapest, Hungary
- Bursa, Turkey
- Cottbus, Germany
- Miskolc, Hungary
- Mobile, Alabama, USA
- Niš, Serbia
- Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Raahe, Finland
- Rzeszów, Poland
- Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Uzhhorod, Ukraine
- Verona, Italy
- Wuppertal, Germany

## Other websites

- Official site
- Article about Kosice in simple English

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Košice
- **settlement type**: List of cities and towns in Slovakia, City
- **image skyline**: View over Old Town from St. Elisabeth Cathedral Bell Tower - Kosice - Slovakia (36428414991).jpg
- **image caption**: View of _Hlavná ulica_ (Main Street) from St. Elisabeth Cathedral, with the State Theatre Košice building in the center
- **image flag**: Flag of Košice.png
- **image shield**: Coat of Arms of Košice.svg
- **nickname**: City of tolerance
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Slovakia
- **subdivision type2**: Region
- **subdivision name2**: Košice Self-governing Region
- **pushpin map**: Slovakia#Slovakia Košice Region
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Slovakia
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Jaroslav Polaček
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1230
- **elevation m**: 206
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 040 00
- **area code**: +421-55
- **blank name**: Vehicle registration plates of Slovakia, Car plate
- **blank info**: KE
- **website**: [https://www.kosice.sk/index.php https://www.kosice.sk]
International Brotherhood of Teamsters

The **International Brotherhood of Teamsters** (also just called the **Teamsters**) is an American labor union of truck drivers, airline workers, food processors, graphic designers, police officers, and other employees. With over 1.4 million members, it is one of the largest unions in the United States.

## History

The Teamsters was founded in 1903, when most packages and other goods were delivered by a _team_ of horses or oxen.

## Infobox (union)

- **name**: Teamsters
- **country**: United States
- **affiliation**: Change to Win Federation
- **members**: 1.4 million (2004)
- **full name**: International Brotherhood of Teamsters
- **founded**: 1903
- **office**: Washington, D.C.
- **people**: James P. Hoffa, president
- **website**: [http://www.teamsters.org/ www.teamsters.org]
Boyfriend (disambiguation)

A **boyfriend** means a partner in a romantic relationship in which the two people are not married to each other.

**Boyfriend** or **boyfriends** can mean:

- Boyfriend (fashion)
- Boyfriend, a 1989 album by Boy George
- "Boyfriend" (song), a song by Ashlee Simpson
- "Boyfriend" (Fujimoto song)
- _The Boy Friend_ (1971) is an English movie directed by Ken Russell and starring Twiggy
- Boyfriend (1961 movie) is an Indian Hindi movie starring Shammi Kapoor and Madhubala
- _Boyfriends_ (movie), a 1996 British film
- The Boyfriends, a UK band
- _The Boy Friend_, a 1954 musical
- _Boyfriend_, a song  by Schoolyard Heroes from _The Funeral Sciences_
Entente cordiale

The ***Entente cordiale*** (French for 'friendly agreement') was a number of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and France. Both countries were worried that their growing empires would cause a war between them. The agreement was the end of almost 1000 years of frequent wars.

The agreement led to the Triple Entente (including Russia), which fought the Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary) in the First World War and has lasted ever since. It was the start of the Triple Entente and the first step to stopping Germany from expanding. France had more chance with Britain of winning against Germany on the Western Front.

## Further reading

- 100th Anniversary commemorative website
- Entente cordiale
- First declaration of the _entente cordiale_ including secret articles
Parma wallaby

The **Parma wallaby** (***Macropus parma***) is the smallest of the macropus genus. It can grow up to 52 cm in length, with a tail about the same length. They weigh up to 5 kg. The Parma wallaby's fur is a grey-brown colour on the back with a dark stripe. It has a white stripe on its face, and a white belly.

In the late 1800s it was thought to be extinct. Parma wallabies had been introduced and established on Kauwau Island, New Zealand, where they were rediscovered in the 1960s. A lot of effort was made to capture and take the wallabies back to Australia. A small, wild group was found in Gosford, New South Wales in the 1970s by Eric Worrell from the Australian Reptile Park. Parma wallabies are officially listed as vulnerable because there are not many of them, they only live in small areas, and they are threatened by land clearing and other animals such as foxes.

## Other websites

- The Aussie Parma Wallaby Ark Conservation Project