juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Spencer Johnson

**Patrick Spencer Johnson** (November 24, 1938 – July 3, 2017) was an American author. He was known for the ValueTales series of children's books and for his 1998 motivational book _Who Moved My Cheese?_, which recurred on the _New York Times_ Bestseller list, on the _Publishers Weekly_ Hardcover nonfiction list.

Johnson was chairman of Spencer Johnson Partners until his death in 2017.

Johnson died in San Diego, California on July 3, 2017 of complications from pancreatic cancer, aged 78.

## Other websites

- whomovedmycheese.com - Johnson's main website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Spencer Johnson
- **birth place**: Watertown, South Dakota, Watertown, South Dakota, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: San Diego, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Author, speaker, management consultant
- **spouse**: Lesley
Adriana Sivieri

**Adriana Sivieri** (born 21 June 1918) is a retired Argentine-born Italian movie actress.

## Biography

She also worked in radio and as a voice actor, dubbing foreign movies for release in Italy. She was known for her roles in _Vanity_ (1947), _Bitter Rice_ (1949) and in _At the Edge of the City_ (1953).

Sivieri was born in Buenos Aires.
Lure

**Lure** may refer to:

## Objects

- Lure (falconry), a chase object used in falconry
- Fishing lure, an object to attract fish
- Lur or Lure, a musical instrument

### Albania

- Lurë, a municipality in the Dibër district, in Albania
- Lurë National Park

### France

- Lure, Haute-Saône, a commune in the department of Haute-Saône
- Arrondissement of Lure, an arrondissement in the department of Haute-Saône
- Luré, a commune in the Loire department

### United States

- Lake Lure, North Carolina

## Film and television

- _The Lure_ (1914 film), an American melodrama on prostitution
- _The Lure_ (1933 film), a 1933 British film
- _The Lure_ (2015 film), a 2015 Polish film
- "The Lure", a 1967 episode of _Gunsmoke_

## Books

- _The Lure_, a 1912 book by Lady E. S. Drower
- _The Lure_, a 1979 book by Felice Picano
- _The Lure_, a 2002 book by  Bill Napier
- _Lure_, a 2003 book by Dilys Rose
- _The Lure_, a 2014 book by  Lynne Ewing

## Other uses

- Lure (horse), a racehorse
- Laboratoire pour l'utilisation du rayonnement électromagnétique, the operator of the SOLEIL synchrotron in Orsay, France

## Related pages

- Bouhans-lès-Lure, a commune in the department of Haute-Saône
- Caudal luring, a form of aggressive mimicry in snakes
- Frotey-lès-Lure, a commune in the department of Haute-Saône
- La Neuvelle-lès-Lure, a commune in the department of Haute-Saône
- Lur, Iran (disambiguation)
- Lure coursing, a sport for dogs that involves chasing a mechanically operated lure
- Lurs, people of Iran who speak the Luri language
- Lurs (disambiguation)
- Lurs, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, a commune in France
- Montagne de Lure, a mountain range in France
- Vy-lès-Lure, a commune in the department of Haute-Saône
Josephine Webb

**Josephine Webb** (June 21, 1918 – 2017) was an American electrical engineer. She was known as "switchgear". She designed an eighteen-inch, full newspaper size fax machine with superior resolution.

Webb co-founded Webb Consulting Company with her husband, also an electrical engineer. She was one of the first female electrical engineers, and considered a pioneer by the Society of Women Engineers. At Purdue University, she was one out of a total of five women engineers.

Webb died in 2017, at the age of 99.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Josephine Webb
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **caption**: <div style="font-size: 90%">"All through my childhood and early life, I had either a mentor or a companion, a male figure in my life. And this is not, certainly, as true today of women who go into engineering. "
– Josephine Webb</div>
- **birth name**: Josephine Rohas
- **birth place**: Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.
- **death date**: 2017 (aged 99)
- **occupation**: Inventor, electrical engineer
- **education**: Purdue University
- **nationality**: American people, American
- **spouse**: Herbert Webb
- **children**: Two daughters
Halling, Kent

**Halling** is a village in the northern part of Kent, England, It has Lower Halling, Upper Halling and North Halling,

It also has a railway station called Halling railway station.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Halling
- **population**: 2,821
- **population ref**: (2011)
- **unitary england**: Medway
- **lieutenancy england**: Kent
- **region**: South East England
- **constituency westminster**: Rochester and Strood (UK Parliament constituency), Rochester & Strood
- **post town**: Rochester, Kent, Rochester
- **postcode district**: ME2 1..
- **postcode area**: ME
- **dial code**: 01634
- **os grid reference**: TQ701642
Halling railway station

**Halling railway station** is a railway station in Halling in Kent. The station is on the Medway Valley Line.

## Services

Train services at Halling are run by Southeastern, They use  EMUs.

The off-peak service is:
- 2 trains per hour to
- 2 trains per hour to  via

Some trains go to .

On Sundays, the service runs to hourly.

## Infobox (gb station)

- **name**: Halling
- **code**: HAI
- **image name**: Halling railway station in 2008.jpg
- **manager**: Southeastern (train operating company), Southeastern
- **locale**: Halling, Kent, Halling
- **borough**: Medway
- **lowusage1112**: 43,126
- **lowusage1213**: 45,124
- **lowusage1314**: 48,070
- **lowusage1415**: 55,240
- **lowusage1516**: 58,710
- **platforms**: 2
- **start**: 1 March 1890
Thailand TESOL

**Thailand TESOL** is an academic and professional association that helps teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It is often called _ThaiTESOL_ for short.

## Annual conference

ThaiTESOL has a conference every year with papers, keynote speakers, workshops, and social events.

## Partners

Thai TESOL has relationships with several other language teaching associations including KOTESOL and the Japan Association for Language Teaching (JALT).

## Other websites

- ThaiTESOL Home Page
Korea Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages

**Korea Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages** is an academic and professional association that helps teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It is often called **KOTESOL** for short.

## History

KOTESOL started in 1992 when the Association of English Teachers in Korea (AETK) and the Korea Association of Teachers of English (KATE) joined.

## Organization

KOTESOL members may join a smaller group called a Chapter. These are the Chapters of KOTESOL:
- Busan-Gyeongnam
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk
- Daejeon-Chungcheong
- Gangwon
- Gwangju-Jeonnam
- International Community
- Jeju
- Jeonju-North Jeolla
- Seoul
- Suwon-Gyeonggi
- Yongin-Gyeonggi

## Annual conference

KOTESOL has a conference every year with papers, keynote speakers, workshops, and social events.

## Partners

KOTESOL has relationships with several other language teaching associations:
- Australian Council of TESOL Associations (ACTA)
- English Teachers' Association of the Republic of China (ETA-ROC)
- Far Eastern English Language Teachers Association (FEELTA) of Russia
- Philippine Association for Language Teaching, Inc (PALT)
- Japan Association for Language Teaching
- TESOL International Association
- Thailand TESOL (ThaiTESOL)

## Other websites

- KOTESOL Home Page
Best of My Love (Eagles song)

**"Best of My Love"** is a soft rock song from the Eagles. The song was part of the studio album _On the Border_. It was released in November 1974. It was the third single from the album. It was the Eagles' first #1 song on the United States _Billboard_ Hot 100. It became so in March 1975.

The song was also at the top of the easy listening chart for one week in February 1975. The _Billboard_ Year End Charts ranked "Best of My Love" at #12 for 1975. It sold over a million copies.

The single edit was shortened by Asylum Records. The record company shortened the single, so that it would be more radio-friendly, without the Eagles' knowledge. This made them angry. Don Henley wanted the single pulled from stores. The full song is four minutes and thirty four seconds.

When the song was judged to have sold over a million copies, Eagles' manager, Irving Azoff, sent a gold record with a piece cut-out to Asylum Records.

The song was later remade by the country music group Brooks & Dunn in 1993.
Cambodian Civil War

The **Cambodian Civil War** was a five-year war that lasted from 1970 to 1975 and took place in Cambodia. The Khmer Republic was allies with both South Vietnam and the United States and fought against the Khmer Rouge, who were allies with both North Vietnam and the Viet Cong. The war ended in 1975, with the Khmer Rouge coming out victorious.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Cambodian Civil War
- **partof**: the Vietnam War, the Indochina Wars and the Cold War
- **image**: Cambodia adm location map.svg
- **caption**: Map of Cambodia
- **date**: March 11, 1967 - April 17, 1975
(8 years, 1 month, and 6 days)
- **place**: Cambodia
- **result**: Khmer Rouge victory
* Overthrow of the Sihanouk government
* Creation, then disestablishment of the Khmer Republic
* Creation of Democratic Kampuchea
* Start of the Cambodian–Vietnamese War
* Start of the Cambodian genocide
- **combatants header**: Belligerents
- **combatant1**: Cambodia, Kingdom of Cambodia (1968 - 70)
- **combatant2**: Khmer Rouge
- **commander1**: Norodom Sihanouk (1968-70)
- **commander2**: Pol Pot
Satya Wacana Christian University

**Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana** (**Satya Wacana Christian University**) is a university in Salatiga, Java, Indonesia. It is a private, Christian university.
Diponegoro University

**Universitas Diponegoro** (**Diponegoro University**) is a public university in Semarang, Java, Indonesia.
Tom Blom

**Tom Blom** (25 September 1946 – 3 July 2017) was a Dutch television and radio presenter. He was born in The Hague. His career began in 1975. Blom made his television debut as a announcer at _The Johnny Kraaijkamp Show_. Later, he was a presenter of the record program _De Eerste de Beste_. From 1983, Blom was a commentator and co-presenter at _Te land, ter zee en in de lucht_.

Blom died on 3 July 2017 in The Hague of brain cancer at the age of 70.

## Other websites

- Biography of Tom Blom
Whang-od

**Whang-od Oggay** (born 17 February 1917 or 6 March 1919) is a Filipino tattoo artist from Buscalan, Tinglayan, Kalinga, Philippines.

She is thought as the last _mambabatok_ (traditional Kalinga tattooist) from the Butbut people in Buscalan Kalinga and the oldest tattoo artist in the Philippines.  She has been tattooing headhunters and women of the indigenous people of Butbut in Buscalan Kalinga for more than 80 years, but the Butbut warriors who used to earn tattoos through protecting villages or killing enemies no longer exist.

Instead, Whang-od now applies the traditional art form to tourists visiting Buscalan.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Whang-od Oggay
- **other names**: Maria Oggay
 _Alternate name spellings_:
- **image**: Whang-od tattooing.jpg
- **caption**: Whang-od tattooing on June 30, 2016
- **birth place**: Tinglayan, Kalinga, Tinglayan, Kalinga (province), Kalinga, Philippines
- **known**: The oldest tattoo artist in the Philippines
Kalinga's last _mambabatok_
- **occupation**: Tattooist
Columbus, Texas

**Columbus** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Colorado County.
San Diego, Texas

**San Diego** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Duval County.
Eduardo Saverin

**Eduardo Luiz Saverin** (; ; born March 19, 1982) is a Brazilian Internet entrepreneur and "angel" investor. Saverin is one of the co-founders of Facebook. , he owns 53 million Facebook shares (approximately 0.4% of all outstanding shares) and has a net worth of $10.3 billion, according to _Forbes_. He has also invested in early-stage startups such as Qwiki and Jumio.

In what was seen by some as a move to avoid U.S. taxes, Saverin renounced (gave up) his U.S. citizenship in September 2011. According to Saverin, he renounced his citizenship because of his "interest in working and living in Singapore" where he has been since 2009. He avoided an estimated $700 million in capital gains taxes; this generated some media attention and controversy. Saverin denies that he left the U.S. to avoid paying taxes.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Eduardo Saverin
- **image**: Eduardo_Saverin_CHINICT.JPG
- **caption**: Saverin at the CHINICT conference
on May 25, 2012
- **birth name**: Eduardo Luiz Saverin
- **birth place**: São Paulo, Brazil
- **citizenship**: Brazil
United States (1998–2011)
- **education**: Harvard University (B.A., Economics, 2006)
- **known for**: Co-founder of Facebook
- **net worth**: US $10.3 billion (November 2017)
- **spouse**: Elaine Andriejanssen (m. 2015)
St Anton am Arlberg

**Sankt Anton am Arlberg** is a ski resort in the state of Tyrol, Austria. It was the host of the Alpine World Ski Championships in 2001.

## Other websites

- Official Homepage
- Arlberger Bergbahnen AG (cable car company)

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sankt Anton am Arlberg
- **image skyline**: St anton skiroute 3 galzigbahn v2.png
- **image caption**: Sankt Anton am Arlberg in February 2016
- **image shield**: AUT St. Anton am Arlberg COA.svg
- **shield size**: 80x110px
- **pushpin map**: Austria
- **pushpin mapsize**: 270
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Austria
- **map caption**: Location within Landeck (district), Landeck district
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Austria
- **subdivision type1**: States of Austria, State
- **subdivision name1**: Tyrol (state), Tyrol
- **subdivision type2**: District (Austria), District
- **subdivision name2**: Landeck (district), Landeck
- **parts style**: para
- **leader title**: Burgomaster, Mayor
- **leader name**: Helmut Mall (Austrian People's Party, ÖVP)
- **elevation m**: 1304
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset**: +1
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **registration plate**: Vehicle registration plates of Austria, LA
- **postal code type**: List of postal codes in Austria, Postal code
- **postal code**: 6580
- **area code type**: Telephone numbers in Austria, Area code
- **area code**: 05446
- **website**: [http://www.stantonamarlberg.com/ www.stantonamarlberg.com]
Caselle Landi

**Caselle Landi** is a _comune_ (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy. It is about  southeast of Lodi. As of 2004 about 1,751 people lived there. It has an area of .

Caselle Landi borders the following municipalities: Cornovecchio, Meleti, Corno Giovine, Santo Stefano Lodigiano, Castelnuovo Bocca d'Adda, Piacenza and Caorso.

## Notable people

- Giovanni Losi (1838-1882) Combonian catholic missionary

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: Caselle Landi
- **official name**: Comune di Caselle Landi
- **image skyline**: Caselle-Landi-castello-vecchio.JPG
- **image caption**: Castle Vecchio
- **image map**: Map - IT - Lodi - Caselle Landi.png
- **region**: Lombardy
- **province**: Province of Lodi (LO)
- **area total km2**: 25.9
- **population total**: 1751
- **population as of**: Dec. 2004
- **postal code**: 26842
- **area code**: 0377
Jalandhar

**Jalandhar** is a city in the state of Punjab in India.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Jalandhar
- **leader name4**: Sh. Jagdish Raja
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 110
- **elevation m**: 228
- **population total**: 962,196
- **population as of**: 2012
- **population demonym**: Jalandhariye
- **leader name3**: Santokh Singh Chaudhary, Congress
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 144 001
- **area code**: 0181
- **registration plate**: PB08,PB90,PB37
    PB67,PB33
- **type**: Metropolis
- **blank1 name sec1**: Literacy
- **blank1 info sec1**: 82.3%
- **leader title4**: Mayor
- **leader title3**: Member of Parliament
- **subdivision name**: India
- **image alt**: Jalandhar City
- **image caption**: <div style="background:#fee8ab;">Clockwise from top:<br / >Devi Talab Mandir, St. Mary's Cathedral, Jalandhar, Guru Gobind Singh Stadium, Haveli Restaurant, Wonderland, Gurudwara Shri Guru Singh Sabha</div>
- **pushpin map**: India Punjab#India
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **leader name2**: Sh Ghanshyam Thori, IAS
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name1**: Punjab, India, Punjab
- **subdivision name2**: Jalandhar District, Jalandhar
- **established date**: 100 AD
- **named for**: In Water
- **leader title**: Divisional Commissioner
- **leader name**: Sh Raj Kamal Chaudhuri, IAS
- **leader title2**: Deputy Commissioner
Cama, Switzerland

**Cama** is a municipality in the district of Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Cama
- **municipality name**: Cama
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Cama COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Cama.png
- **languages**: Italian
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Moesa (district), Moesa
- **postal code**: 6557
- **municipality code**: 3831
- **area**: 15.06
- **elevation**: 366
- **population**: 571
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.cama-gr.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Dosso del Liro (IT-CO), Gordona (IT-SO), Grono, Switzerland, Grono, Leggia, Livo (CO), Livo (IT-CO), Lostallo, Verdabbio
Castaneda, Switzerland

**Castaneda** is a municipality of the district of Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Castaneda
- **municipality name**: Castaneda
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Castaneda COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Castaneda.png
- **languages**: Italian
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Moesa (district), Moesa
- **postal code**: 6540
- **municipality code**: 3805
- **area**: 3.94
- **elevation**: 750
- **population**: 571
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.castaneda.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Buseno, Grono, Switzerland, Grono, Roveredo, Switzerland, Roveredo, Santa Maria in Calanca, San Vittore, Switzerland, San Vittore, Verdabbio
Calverstown

**Calverstown** () is a village in County Kildare, Ireland.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Calverstown
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: CalverstownStone.JPG
- **pushpin map**: Ireland
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Ireland
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Republic of Ireland, Ireland
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Ireland, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Leinster
- **subdivision type3**: Counties of Ireland, County
- **subdivision name3**: County Kildare
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2006
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: West European Time, WET
- **utc offset1**: +0
- **timezone1 dst**: Irish Standard Time, IST (Western European Summer Time, WEST)
- **utc offset1 dst**: -1
- **elevation m**: 106
- **blank name**: Irish grid reference system, Irish Grid Reference
Sacramento, Minas Gerais

**Sacramento** is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.

Neighboring municipalities are: Perdizes (N), Araxá and Tapira (NE), São Roque de Minas and Delfinópolis (SE), Ibiraci (S), Pedregulho and Rifaina (SW), Conquista and Uberaba, and Nova Ponte and Santa Juliana (NW).
Cargèse

**Cargèse** (, ) is a village and commune. It is in the Corse-du-Sud department in south France.
Courtavon

**Courtavon** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Mandate of Heaven

The **Mandate of Heaven** (天命) was a Chinese political and religious doctrine used to justify the rule of the emperor of China. According to this belief, heaven  (天, _Tian_) stands for the natural order and will of the universe. Heaven will give a mandate to a just ruler, the Son of Heaven. If a ruler was overthrown, this was interpreted as an indication that the ruler was unworthy, and had lost the mandate. It was also a common belief that natural disasters such as famine and flood were signs of heaven's displeasure with the ruler, so there would often be revolts after major disasters as citizens saw these as signs that the Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn.

Mandate of Heaven does not require a legitimate ruler to be of noble birth, and dynasties such as the Han and Ming dynasties were founded by men of common origins. The Mandate of Heaven had no time limitations, depending instead on the just and able performance of the rulers and their heirs. The concept is in some ways similar to the European concept of the divine right of kings; however, unlike the European concept, it does not confer an unconditional right to rule. The concept of Mandate of Heaven also included the right of rebellion against an unjust ruler. Chinese historians interpreted a successful revolt as evidence that Heaven had withdrawn its mandate from the ruler. Throughout Chinese history, times of poverty and natural disasters were often taken as signs that heaven considered the current ruler unjust and in need of replacement. The Mandate of Heaven was often invoked by philosophers and scholars in China as a way to curtail the abuse of power by the ruler.

The concept of the Mandate of Heaven was first used to support the rule of the kings of the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BCE), and legitimize their overthrow of the earlier Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BCE). It was used throughout the history of China to support the rule of emperors, including non-Han ethnic monarchs such as the Qing dynasty. This concept was also used by monarchs in neighboring countries like Korea and Vietnam. A similar situation prevailed since the establishment of Ahom rule in the Kingdom of Assam of Southeast Asia.

## Related pages

- Mencius
Nelsan Ellis

**Nelsan Ellis** (November 30, 1977 – July 8, 2017) was an American actor and playwright. He was best known for his role as Lafayette Reynolds in the HBO series _True Blood_ from 2008 to 2014. He also appeared in the movies _The Butler_ (2013) and _Get on Up_ (2014).

Ellis was born in Harvey, Illinois. He joined the United States Marines at the age of 17.

Ellis died of heart failure caused by alcohol withdrawal on July 8, 2017 in Brooklyn, New York. He was 39.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nelsan Ellis
- **image**: Nelsan Ellis at True Blood premiere party (crop).jpg
- **caption**: Ellis at the _True Blood_ second season premiere party in June 2009
- **birth place**: Harvey, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Heart failure caused by alcohol withdrawal
- **education**: Illinois State University
Juilliard School
- **occupation**: Actor, playwright
- **years active**: 2002–2017
- **children**: 2
Content word

A **content word** is a word in a language that has meaning. The most common content words are nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Unlike function words, content words are usually open class, which means that there is no end to how many words a part of speech in a language can have. Since content words are usually more important in a sentence, they tend to be said with more stress in an English sentence.
Open class

An **open class** of words is a part of speech that can easily add new words. A closed class of words, on the other hand, cannot add new words easily. For example, since pronouns are a closed class, there are fairly few pronouns: I, me, my, mine, myself, you, you, your, yours, yourself, he, him, his, his, himself, she, her, her, hers, herself, it, it, its, its, itself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves, they, them, their, theirs, themselves. Since pronouns are used to replace whole noun phrases, there is no need to have many kinds of pronouns. Instead of saying "The Earl of Sandwich introduced the Earl of Sandwich's favorite food, the sandwich", one uses the pronoun "his" to replace "the Earl of Sandwich's" to make the sentence not repeat itself when it doesn't have to, thus the sentence becomes "The Earl of Sandwich introduced his favorite food, the sandwich". New nouns, on the other hand, can easily be made, and are constantly being added into the English language.
PSL sniper rifle

The **PSL** is a Romanian sniper rifle that is based on the Soviet RPK and the PSL looks similar to the Soviet SVD. The PSL was used by the Romanian army since 1974. The length of the PSL is 45.3 inches and the PSL uses a 7.62×54mmR or a 7.62×51mm NATO.
PSL

**PSL** can mean several things:
- PSL sniper rifle: A Romanian sniper rifle
- Pakistan Super League
- PSL Research University
- Social Liberal Party (Brazil)
Quit India Movement

The **Quit India Movement** was a movement started by Mahatma Gandhi on 9 August 1942. The movement wanted to end British rule in India. The movement was started in a speech in Bombay, where Mahatma Gandhi asked Indians to _Do or Die._ The Congress launched a protest asking the British to withdraw from India. However, the British imprisoned most of the Congress leadership within a day of the speech to suppress the movement. All of the British refused to grant independence until the war ended. People destroyed symbols of British authority such as rail tracks, post office, and police station. Leaders of the Quit India movement were Sucheta Kriplani, Ram Manohar Lohia, Aruna Asaf Ali, and Jaiprakash Narayan.

## Quit India Movement

The failure of the crips mission & effects of World War II created widespread discontentment in India. This led Gandhi to launch a movement calling for complete withdrawal of the British from India.

_==Resolution==
_The Congress Working Committee, in its meeting in Wardha on 14 July 1942, passed the historic Quit India resolution demanding the immediate transfer ofans & quit India. On 8 August 1942 in Bombay, the All India Congress Committee called for a nonon-violent mass struggle  on the widest possible scale throughout the Mahatma Gandhi delivered the famous _Do or Die_ speech: The call for Quit India a most to a standstill in large parts of the country as people voluntarily threw themselves into People observed hearts and demonstrations and processions were accompanied by the movement was truly a mass movement which brought into its ambit thousands of idents, workers and peasants. It also saw the active  participation of leaders, namely onps Aruna Asal Al and Ram Manohar Lohia and many women such as Matangini Hazera in Bengal Kanta Berry in Assam and Rama Devi in Odisha.The British responded with much force, yet it took more than a ps the movement. In Quit India Movement, Sucheta Kripalani also played main role. For the record gandhi was kek.
Mistinguett

**Mistinguett** (3 April 1875 – 5 January 1956) was a French actress and singer. Her real name was **Jeanne Florentine Bourgeois**. For many years she was the star of the Folies Bergère and other nightclubs in Paris. She was also in many silent movies.

## Life

Mistinguett was born in Enghien-les-Bains, a small town near Paris, Her parents, Antoine and Jeannette Bourgeois, made mattresses. When she was 12 years old she began to take violin lessons in Paris. One day on the train to Paris, she met a man who wrote songs for nightclubs and theatres in Paris. In 1893 he helped her to get a job at the Casino de Paris, a music hall and cabaret theatre. First she worked backstage. Then in 1895, she became a singer there. She chose the stage name "Mistinguett".

In 1897, she performed at the El Dorado and then at the Folies Bergère and the Moulin Rouge. She had a big success at the Folies Bergère in 1911 when she danced with Maurice Chevalier. She and Chevalier were lovers for several years. Mistinguett became the most famous singer and actress in Paris and made a lot of money. She also appeared in many silent movies between 1908 and 1917.

She still performed in nightclubs when she was 72 years old. In 1954 she wrote her autobiography. Its title in English was _Mistinguette, Queen of the Paris Night_. Mistinguett suffered a stroke on Christmas Eve 1955. She was staying at her brother's house in Bougival, a suburb of Paris. She died two weeks later. She never married, but she had one son, Léopoldo João de Lima e Silva. His father was a diplomat from Brazil. Her son was with her when she died.

## Other websites

- Mistinguett on the Internet Movie Database

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mistinguett
- **image**: Mistinguett by Nadar.jpg
- **birth name**: Jeanne Florentine Bourgeois
- **birth place**: Enghien-les-Bains, Île-de-France, France
- **death place**: Bougival, Île-de-France, France
SIR model

The ***SIR model*** is a simple mathematical model of epidemics. An epidemic is when the number of people infected with a disease is increasing in a population.

S, I, and R stand for:
|These are people that are not infected with the disease yet. However, they are not immune to it either, and so they can become infected with the disease in the future.|
| --- |
|or infectious. These are people that are infected with the disease and can transmit the disease to susceptible people.|
|These are people who have recovered from the disease and are immune, so they can no longer be infected with the disease.|

Below is a graph of a solved SIR model. The bottom (x) axis is time, and the left (y) axis is the population or the number of people.

Blue represents the number of susceptible people. At the beginning of the epidemic, the number of susceptible (blue) people decreases as the number of infected (green) people increases. Gradually the number of recovered (red) people increases. In this particular model, after the epidemic is over, all people have been infected and recovered. This is not always the case; sometimes, some susceptible people remain uninfected.

This model is also missing some parts, such as creating new susceptible people by being born and the removal of susceptible, infected, and recovered people who die. More complicated models can include these parts.

Also, this model does not work well for every disease. It works well where people recover from a disease and become immune, such as measles. Not all infectious diseases follow this pattern. For instance, people infected with HIV never recover, and there is no vaccine, so there is no group of recovered people, only susceptible and infected people. There is also the case where people recover from a disease but do not become immune or lose their immunity over time. For instance, when people get the flu, they are generally only immune for a short time before they become susceptible again.

There are also different kinds of models when as the disease is spread through the water, such as in the case of cholera, or by a vector like a mosquito, such as malaria.
Engadin

The **Engadin** or **Engadine** (, , , ; lit.: _Valley of the Inn people_) is a long high Alpine valley in the eastern Swiss Alps. It is found in the canton of Graubünden. It is about 25,000 inhabitants. It follows the route of the Inn () from its headwaters at Maloja Pass in the southwest running roughly northeast until the Inn flows into Austria, one hundred kilometers downstream. The Inn subsequently flows at Passau into the Danube, as the only Swiss river to drain into the Black Sea.

The Engadine is connected by the Julier, Albula, Flüela Passes and the Vereina Tunnel to the northern part of Switzerland and the rest of the canton of Graubünden.

The highest mountains of the wider area of the Engadine is the Bernina Range in the southwestern part.

## Other websites

- Culture archive of the Engadin
- www.engadin.stmoritz.ch
- Engadin pictures - Photos of the Engadin
- Webcams of the Engadin
- Vegetation map Upper Engadine, 1:50'000, GIS, june 2010
Asbach-Bäumenheim

**Asbach-Bäumenheim** is a municipality in the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany. The mayor is Martin Paninka of the SPD political party. During WW2 prisoners were kept in a concentration camp there, and were forced to work. A memorial remembers the prisoners who died. The village was named Asbach-Bäumenheim in 1958.

## Geography

The municipality is located near the town of Donauwörth and about 40 kilometers north of Augsburg. The Schmutter River flows through it, shortly before it flows into the Danube. The Egelseebach stream runs through the municipality between Asbach, Bäumenheim, and Hamlar. A small stream, called the Steglesgraben , flows through the towns of Asbach and Bäumenheim, which runs mostly under the road.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Asbach-Bäumenheim COA.svg
- **image photo**: Antoniuskapelle bäumenheim.jpg
- **image caption**: Church of Saint Anthony of Padua in Bäumenheim
- **image plan**: Asbach-Bäumenheim in DON.svg
- **state**: Bayern
- **region**: Schwaben
- **district**: Donau-Ries
- **elevation**: 404
- **area**: 11.89
- **postal code**: 86663
- **area code**: 0906
- **licence**: DON
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 7 79 115
- **mayor**: Martin Paninka
- **party**: SPD
- **website**: [http://www.asbach-baeumenheim.de www.asbach-baeumenheim.de]
Auhausen

**Auhausen** is a municipality in the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany. Auhausen was the site of the 1608 meeting that formed the Protestant Union. This is also known as the _Union of Auhausen_. The mayor is currently Wilhalm Dorner.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image photo**: Auhausen.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **image caption**: Monastery at Auhausen
- **image coa**: DEU Auhausen COA.svg
- **image plan**: Auhausen in DON.svg
- **state**: Bayern
- **region**: Schwaben
- **district**: Donau-Ries
- **elevation**: 422
- **area**: 15.55
- **postal code**: 86736
- **area code**: 09832
- **licence**: DON
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 7 79 117
- **mayor**: Wilhalm Dorner
- **website**: [http://www.auhausen.de www.auhausen.de]
Tuttlingen (district)

**Tuttlingen** is a rural district () in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbor districts are: Rottweil, Zollernalbkreis, Sigmaringen, Constance and Schwarzwald-Baar. The capital is Tuttlingen.

## Towns and municipalities

|width=33% align=left|Towns|width=33% align=left|Municipalities|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Fridingen (Donau) #Geisingen #Mühlheim an der Donau #Spaichingen #Trossingen (with _Schura_) #Tuttlingen (with Nendingen, _Möhringen_ und _Eßlingen_)|rowspan=3|#Aldingen #Balgheim #Bärenthal #Böttingen #Bubsheim #Buchheim #Deilingen #Denkingen #Dürbheim #Durchhausen #Egesheim #Emmingen-Liptingen #Frittlingen #Gosheim #Gunningen|rowspan=3|<ol start=16> <li>Hausen ob Verena <li>Immendingen <li>Irndorf <li>Kolbingen <li>Königsheim <li>Mahlstetten <li>Neuhausen ob Eck <li>Reichenbach am Heuberg <li>Renquishausen <li>Rietheim-Weilheim <li>Seitingen-Oberflacht <li>Talheim <li>Wehingen <li>Wurmlingen (Tuttlingen) </ol>|
||#Donau-Heuberg #Heuberg #Immendingen-Geisingen #Spaichingen #Trossingen #Tuttlingen|||||

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Tuttlingen
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Tuttlingen.svg
- **image flag**: Flagge Landkreis Tuttlingen.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **capital**: Tuttlingen
- **regierungsbezirk**: Freiburg Government Region, Freiburg
- **region**: Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg
- **area**: 734.4
- **kreisschlüssel**: 08327
- **population**: 134,047
- **population as of**: 2002
- **density**: 183
- **carsign**: TUT
- **url**: http://www.landkreis-Tuttlingen.de
- **map**: Baden-Württemberg TUT.svg
Fridingen

**Fridingen** is a town of the district Tuttlingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The town is about  east of Tuttlingen, and  west of Sigmaringen. It is on the Danube river.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Fridingen ad Donau.JPG
- **image coa**: DEU Fridingen an der Donau COA.svg
- **image flag**: Banner Fridingen an der Donau.svg
- **image plan**: Fridingen an der Donau in TUT.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg Government Region, Freiburg
- **district**: Tuttlingen (district), Tuttlingen
- **elevation**: 626
- **area**: 22.47
- **population**: 3213
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 78567
- **area code**: 07463
- **licence**: TUT
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 27 016
- **mayor**: Stefan Waizeneggger
Bärenthal

**Bärenthal** is a small municipality of the district of Tuttlingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **art**: Gemeinde
- **image photo**: Aerial view of Bärenthal.jpg
- **image caption**: Aerial view of Bärenthal
- **wappen**: Wappen Baerenthal.svg
- **image flag**: Banner Baerenthal.svg
- **lageplan**: Bärenthal in TUT.svg
- **bundesland**: Baden-Württemberg
- **regierungsbezirk**: Freiburg Government Region, Freiburg
- **landkreis**: Tuttlingen (district), Tuttlingen
- **höhe**: 669
- **fläche**: 12.69
- **einwohner**: 476
- **stand**: 2015-12-31
- **plz**: 78580
- **vorwahl**: 07466
- **kfz**: TUT
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 27 004
- **bürgermeister**: Tobias Keller
Castasegna

**Castasegna** was a municipality of the district Maloja in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It is part of the municipality of Bregaglia.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Castasegna
- **municipality name**: Castasegna
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Castasegna wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Castasegna.png
- **languages**: Italiano
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Maloja (district), Maloja
- **postal code**: 7608
- **municipality code**: 3773
- **area**: 6.76
- **elevation**: 696
- **population**: 191
- **populationof**: Dec 2008
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bondo, Switzerland, Bondo, Soglio, Switzerland, Soglio, Villa di Chiavenna (IT-SO)
Castiel, Switzerland

**Castiel** is a former municipality in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Castiel, Calfreisen, Langwies, Lüen, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Castiel
- **municipality name**: Castiel
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Castiel wappen.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Plessur (district), Plessur
- **postal code**: 7027
- **municipality code**: 3923
- **area**: 5.41
- **elevation**: 1174
- **population**: 126
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **website**: www.castiel.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Calfreisen, Lüen, St. Peter-Pagig, Praden, Says, Trimmis
Aurora, Ohio

**Aurora** is a city in Portage County, Ohio, United States. There were 17,239 people living there at the 2020 census. It is part of the Akron Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Aurora Town Hall.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Aurora Town Hall
- **image map**: Portage County Aurora.png
- **map caption**: Location within Portage County, Ohio, Portage County
- **pushpin map**: Ohio#United States
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Ohio##Location in the United States
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **map caption1**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision name2**: Portage County, Ohio, Portage
- **established title**: First Settled
- **established date**: 1799
- **founder**: Ebenezer Sheldon
- **established date1**: 1929 (Village)
- **established title1**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1971 (City)
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 62.31
- **area total sq mi**: 24.06
- **area land km2**: 59.35
- **area land sq mi**: 22.91
- **area water km2**: 2.97
- **area water sq mi**: 1.15
- **elevation ft**: 1135
- **population total**: 17239
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 290.48
- **population density sq mi**: 752.33
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 44202
- **area code**: Area code 330, 330
- **website**: [http://www.auroraoh.com/ www.auroraoh.com]
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-03086
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1086822
Norwood, Missouri

**Norwood** is a city of Wright County, Missouri, United States. The population was 578 at the 2020 census.
Avon, Ohio

**Avon** is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The population was 24,847 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Avon, Ohio
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Avon Ohio Old Townhall 26.JPG
- **image caption**: Original Avon Town Hall at French Creek
- **pushpin map**: USA Ohio#USA
- **pushpin mapsize**: 250px
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Avon in Ohio##Location in the United States
- **pushpin label**: Avon
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **image map**: File:AVON locator, Cleveland, 2021.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Avon in Greater Cleveland
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision name2**: Lorain County, Ohio, Lorain
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 53.99
- **area total sq mi**: 20.85
- **area land km2**: 53.84
- **area land sq mi**: 20.79
- **area water km2**: 0.15
- **area water sq mi**: 0.06
- **elevation ft**: 689
- **population total**: 24847
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 461.50
- **population density sq mi**: 1195.26
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 44011
- **area code**: Area code 440, 440
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-03352
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1086500
Avon Lake, Ohio

**Avon Lake** is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is near Lake Erie. 25,206 people lived there at the 2020 census.  It is part of Greater Cleveland.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Avon Lake, Ohio
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Exterior View of Avon Lake Public Library - November 2016.jpg
- **image caption**: Avon Lake Public Library
- **image map**: AVON LAKE locator, Cleveland, 2021.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Avon Lake in Greater Cleveland
- **pushpin map**: Ohio#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Ohio##Location in the United States
- **pushpin label**: Avon Lake
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision name2**: Lorain County, Ohio, Lorain
- **established title**: Avon on the lake
- **established date**: 1819
- **established title2**: Avon Lake Township
- **established date2**: 1912
- **established title3**: Avon Lake City
- **established date3**: 1960
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: President (government title)#Sub-national, Council President
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 28.83
- **area total sq mi**: 11.13
- **area land km2**: 28.83
- **area land sq mi**: 11.13
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **elevation ft**: 623
- **population total**: 25206
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 874.44
- **population density sq mi**: 2264.69
- **postal code type**: Zip code
- **postal code**: 44012
- **area code**: Area code 440, 440
- **website**: https://www.avonlake.org/
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-03464
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1086501
Barberton, Ohio

**Barberton** is a city in Summit County, Ohio, United States. 25,191 people lived there at the 2020 census. It is near Akron and is part of the Akron metropolitan area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Barberton, Ohio
- **settlement type**: City
- **nickname**: The Magic City
- **image skyline**: TUSCARAWAS AVENUE-ALEXANDER SQUARE COMMERCIAL HISTORIC DISTRICT, BARBERTON, SUMMIT COUNTY.jpg
- **image caption**: Buildings in downtown Barberton, 2008
- **image map**: Summit County Ohio incorporated and unincorporated areas Barberton highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location in Summit County, Ohio, Summit County and the state of Ohio.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name2**: Summit County, Ohio, Summit
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area land km2**: 23.35
- **area water km2**: 0.57
- **area total km2**: 23.93
- **area total sq mi**: 9.24
- **area land sq mi**: 9.02
- **area water sq mi**: 0.22
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 25191
- **population density km2**: 1078.70
- **population density sq mi**: 2793.72
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 958
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 44203
- **area codes**: Area codes 234 and 330, 330, 234
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-03828
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1086994
Martins Ferry, Ohio

**Martins Ferry** is a city in Belmont County, Ohio, United States, on the Ohio River. It is the largest city in Belmont County. 6,260 people lived there as of the 2020 census.

Martins Ferry is part of the Wheeling metropolitan area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Martins Ferry, Ohio
- **settlement type**: City
- **nickname**: Ohio's First Settlement
- **image skyline**: Fourth from Hanover, Martins Ferry.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Fourth Street downtown
- **image map**: OHMap-doton-Martins_Ferry.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Martins Ferry, Ohio
- **image map1**: Map of Belmont County Ohio Highlighting Martins Ferry City.png
- **mapsize1**: 250px
- **map caption1**: Location of Martins Ferry in Belmont County
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name2**: Belmont County, Ohio, Belmont
- **government type**: Mayor-council government, Mayor-Council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: Council President
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 6.04
- **area land km2**: 6.03
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 2.33
- **area land sq mi**: 2.33
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 6260
- **population density km2**: 1038.02
- **population density sq mi**: 2689.00
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 761
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 43935
- **area code**: Area code 740, 740
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-48104
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2395030
- **website**: https://martinsferry.org/