juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
La Chapelle-aux-Chasses

**La Chapelle-aux-Chasses** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: La Chapelle-aux-Chasses
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: La Chapelle-aux-Chasses.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall and church in La Chapelle-aux-Chasses
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Dompierre-sur-Besbre
- **insee**: 03057
- **postal code**: 03230
- **mayor**: Jean-Louis Guy
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Chevagnes en Sologne Bourbonnaise
- **elevation m**: 227
- **elevation min m**: 207
- **elevation max m**: 251
- **area km2**: 25.96
Chappes, Allier

**Chappes** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chareil-Cintrat

**Chareil-Cintrat** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Chareil-Cintrat
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: La Rivière.Entrée.jpg
- **caption**: Entrance to La Rivière
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Gannat
- **insee**: 03059
- **postal code**: 03140
- **mayor**: Michel Frisot
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Saint-Pourçain Sioule Limagne
- **elevation m**: 231
- **elevation min m**: 241
- **elevation max m**: 342
- **area km2**: 12.77
Charmeil

**Charmeil** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Charmes, Allier

**Charmes** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Charmes
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Gannat
- **insee**: 03061
- **postal code**: 03800
- **mayor**: André Seguin
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Bassin de Gannat
- **elevation m**: 340
- **elevation min m**: 318
- **elevation max m**: 428
- **area km2**: 8.19
- **population**: 340
- **population date**: 2008
Charroux, Allier

**Charroux** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chassenard

**Chassenard** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Château-sur-Allier

**Château-sur-Allier** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Château-sur-Allier
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Eglise St Maurice Chateau sur Allier.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Château-sur-Allier
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Château-sur-Allier 03.svg
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Bourbon-l'Archambault
- **insee**: 03064
- **postal code**: 03320
- **mayor**: Jean-Luc Mosnier
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Lévis en Bocage Bourbonnais
- **elevation m**: 187
- **elevation min m**: 180
- **elevation max m**: 233
- **area km2**: 27.75
Châtel-de-Neuvre

**Châtel-de-Neuvre** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Ygrande

**Ygrande** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Ygrande
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: 01. Église Saint Martin d’Ygrande.JPG
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Bourbon-l'Archambault
- **insee**: 03320
- **postal code**: 03160
- **mayor**: Pierre Thomas
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes du Bocage Bourbonnais, Bocage Bourbonnais
- **elevation m**: 330
- **elevation min m**: 237
- **elevation max m**: 344
- **area km2**: 52.71
Yzeure

**Yzeure** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Yzeure
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: YZEUREcentre.JPG
- **caption**: An aerial view of the church and surroundings in Yzeure
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Yzeure 03.svg
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Yzeure
- **insee**: 03321
- **postal code**: 03400
- **mayor**: Pascal Perrin
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **intercommunality**: Moulins Communauté
- **elevation m**: 239
- **elevation min m**: 217
- **elevation max m**: 278
- **area km2**: 43.24
Châtel-Montagne

**Châtel-Montagne** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Châtelperron

**Châtelperron** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Châtelus, Allier

**Châtelus** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Châtillon, Allier

**Châtillon** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chazemais

**Chazemais** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chavenon

**Chavenon** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chavroches

**Chavroches** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chemilly, Allier

**Chemilly** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chevagnes

**Chevagnes** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chezelle

**Chezelle** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chézy, Allier

**Chézy** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chirat-l'Église

**Chirat-l'Église** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Chouvigny

**Chouvigny** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Chouvigny
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Chouvigny (03).svg
- **arrondissement**: Montluçon
- **canton**: Ébreuil
- **insee**: 03078
- **postal code**: 03450
- **mayor**: Serge Lejeune
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Sioule, Colettes et Bouble
- **elevation m**: 471
- **elevation min m**: 310
- **elevation max m**: 584
- **area km2**: 13.41
- **population**: 239
- **population date**: 2008
Cindré

**Cindré** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Cognat-Lyonne

**Cognat-Lyonne** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cognat-Lyonne
- **image skyline**: Église Sainte-Radegonde de Cognat .jpg
- **image caption**: Cognat Church
- **image shield**: Blason ville fr Cognat-Lyonne (Allier).svg
- **image map**: France location map-Regions and departements-2016.svg
Colombier, Allier

**Colombier** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Commentry

**Commentry** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France. Today, about 6500 people live in the city. The city developed, because of the coal reserves  that were found nearby. After the Second World War, a chemical industry developed. The other pillar of the industry was a steel mill, which is also in the city.  In 1882, the first socialist mayor of France is elected in Commentry, Christophe Thivrier. In 1902, the Socialist Party of France was founded in Commentry. The city of COmmentry only lies 8 km from the geographical center of France itself.

## References

- INSEE
Contigny

**Contigny** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Contigny
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Contigny Eglise St Martial abside et clocher.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Contigny
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Souvigny
- **insee**: 03083
- **postal code**: 03500
- **mayor**: Dominique Mascalet
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Pays Saint-Pourcinois
- **elevation m**: 231
- **elevation min m**: 221
- **elevation max m**: 307
- **area km2**: 17.93
Cosne-d'Allier

**Cosne-d'Allier** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Coulandon

**Coulandon** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Coulanges, Allier

**Coulanges** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Couleuvre

**Couleuvre** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Courçais

**Courçais** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Coutansouze

**Coutansouze** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Coutansouze
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Gannat
- **insee**: 03089
- **postal code**: 03330
- **mayor**: Denis James
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Saint-Pourçain Sioule Limagne
- **elevation m**: 505
- **elevation min m**: 379
- **elevation max m**: 671
- **area km2**: 13.42
Couzon

**Couzon** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Créchy

**Créchy** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Cressanges

**Cressanges** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Creuzier-le-Neuf

**Creuzier-le-Neuf** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Creuzier-le-Vieux

**Creuzier-le-Vieux** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
Deneuille-lès-Chantelle

**Deneuille-lès-Chantelle** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Cusset

**Cusset** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Cusset
- **image**: Vue sur le centre de Cusset depuis Montbeton.jpg
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Cusset (03).svg
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Cusset-Nord and Cusset-Sud
- **insee**: 03095
- **postal code**: 03300
- **mayor**: René Bardet
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Vichy Val d'Allier
- **elevation m**: 310
- **elevation min m**: 255
- **elevation max m**: 483
- **area km2**: 31.93
- **population**: 13286
- **population date**: 2008
Deneuille-les-Mines

**Deneuille-les-Mines** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Désertines, Allier

**Désertines** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Deux-Chaises

**Deux-Chaises** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Diou, Allier

**Diou** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Domérat

**Domérat** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Dompierre-sur-Besbre

**Dompierre-sur-Besbre** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Dompierre-sur-Besbre
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Dompierre-sur-Besbre FR (march 2008).jpg
- **caption**: The main road in Dompierre-sur-Besbre
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Dompierre-sur-Besbre (03).svg
- **arrondissement**: Moulins
- **canton**: Dompierre-sur-Besbre
- **insee**: 03102
- **postal code**: 03290
- **mayor**: Pascal Vernisse
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Val de Besbre Sologne Bourbonnaise
- **elevation m**: 216
- **elevation min m**: 207
- **elevation max m**: 271
- **area km2**: 45.63
Doyet

**Doyet** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Droiturier

**Droiturier** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Durdat-Larequille

**Durdat-Larequille** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Ébreuil

**Ébreuil** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Ébreuil
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Clocher Saint-Léger d'Ébreuil.jpg
- **caption**: The tower of the church in Ébreuil
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Ébreuil (03).svg
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Gannat
- **insee**: 03107
- **postal code**: 03450
- **mayor**: Pierre A. Teriitehau
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Sioule, Colettes et Bouble
- **elevation m**: 317
- **elevation min m**: 301
- **elevation max m**: 545
- **area km2**: 23.22
- **population**: 1274
- **population date**: 2012
Échassières

**Échassières** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Vicq, Allier

**Vicq** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Murat, Allier

**Murat** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Nades

**Nades** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Nassigny

**Nassigny** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Allier department

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Nassigny
- **arrondissement**: Montluçon
- **canton**: Hérisson
- **insee**: 03193
- **postal code**: 03190
- **mayor**: Gérard Ciofolo
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Val de Cher
- **elevation m**: 190
- **elevation min m**: 173
- **elevation max m**: 271
- **area km2**: 18.32
- **population**: 186
- **population date**: 2008
Naves, Allier

**Naves** is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Naves
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Naves.Eglise.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Naves
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Gannat
- **insee**: 03194
- **postal code**: 03330
- **mayor**: Daniel Reboul
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Sioule, Colettes et Bouble
- **elevation m**: 400
- **elevation min m**: 296
- **elevation max m**: 433
- **area km2**: 8.13
La Petite-Marche

**La Petite-Marche** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Escurolles

**Escurolles** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Espinasse-Vozelle

**Espinasse-Vozelle** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Espinasse-Vozelle
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Espinasse-Vozelle mairie 2014-08-12.JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Espinasse-Vozelle
- **arrondissement**: Vichy
- **canton**: Bellerive-sur-Allier
- **insee**: 03110
- **postal code**: 03110
- **mayor**: Isabelle Delunel
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **intercommunality**: Vichy Communauté
- **elevation m**: 344
- **elevation min m**: 280
- **elevation max m**: 362
- **area km2**: 17.87
Estivareilles, Allier

**Estivareilles** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France. It is about 10 km north of Montluçon on the right-hand side of the Cher river. There is a lavoir (a public washing basin), a lantern of the dead and a church from the nineteenth century.

## References

- INSEE

## Other websites

- The official web site of the mayor of Estivareilles
- Estivareilles page at the National Geographical Institute
Étroussat

**Étroussat** is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Ferrières-sur-Sichon

**Ferrières-sur-Sichon** is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE
Suzanne Cleary

**Suzanne Cleary** is an American poet. She was born in Binghamton, New York. She grew up there. She has an M.A. in Writing from Washington University, and a Ph.D. in Literature and Criticism from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. She is Professor of English at State University of New York at Rockland.

## Quotation

"I love to read poems where I think the poet includes something that may not work or almost doesn't work. To me that's an exciting kind of risk."

## Awards

- Winner of the 2012 John Ciardi Prize for Poetry from the University of Missouri, Kansas City
- Winner of the 2012 Emerging Writer Fellowship for Poetry from The Writer's Center, Bethesda, Maryland
- a Pushcart Prize (2005)
- the Cecil Hemley Memorial Award of the Poetry Society of America
- Julia Peterkin Award of Converse College
- Eugene Paul Nassar Poetry Prize
- Patterson Award for Literary Excellence
- 2024 Laura Boss Narrative Poetry Award

## Books

- _Keeping Time_ (2002)
- _Trick Pear_ (2007)
- _Beauty Mark_ (2013)
- _Crude Angel_ (2018)
- _The Odds_ (2025)

## Critical writing

- Cleary, Suzanne. "Be Still and Know: Silence in the Poetry of Jean Valentine," in _Laurel Review_ 40.2. (2006)
- Cleary, Suzanne. "A Control Room inside of Me," _Georgia Review_ September 25, 2014.

## Related material

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- Poet's page
Steel mill

A **Steel mill** or **steelworks** is an industrial plant where steel is manufactured. Steel is an alloy of carbon and iron. Usually steel is produced in two stages: First, iron ore is reduced (or smelted) with coke and limestone. This is done in a blast furnace, and the result is pig iron. The part that is not used for pig iron is carried on as _molten iron_. Impurities are removed, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium and vanadium are added to produce the exact steel required. Steel mills then turn molten steel into blooms, ingot<nowiki/>s, slabs and sheet through casting, hot rolling and cold rolling.
Shelley Long

**Shelley Long** (born on August 23, 1949 in Fort Wayne, Indiana) is an American movie and television actress. She received several Emmy and Golden Globe Awards for her role as Diane Chambers in the sitcom _Cheers_. She was also in a few movies, including _Night Shift_ (1982), _Irreconcilable Differences_ (1984), _The Money Pit_ (1986), _Outrageous Fortune_ (1987), _Hello Again_ (1987), _Troop Beverly Hills_ (1989), _The Brady Bunch Movie_ (1995), _A Very Brady Sequel_ (1996), and _Dr. T & the Women_ (2000).
Caserta

**Caserta** is a city in Campania in Italy. In Caserta there are 1 million people. The main building of Caserta is the Reggia di Caserta in Italian or 'a' regg' e' 'casert ' in Napolitan dialect.
Jane Curtin

**Jane Curtin** (born September 6, 1947, Massachusetts) is an American comedian and actress. She received several Emmy Awards for her acting. She played Allison Lowell in the sitcom _Kate & Allie_. She played Mary in _3rd Rock from the Sun_.
Lantern of the dead

A **Lantern of the Dead** is a free-standing structure much like a tower. They were built during the Middle Ages mostly in central France. In the upper part of the structure there is an opening, which can hold a light. Most of these larnerns were built in the 12th and 13th century. Their exact function is unclear, as there are no written sources about them. One of the theories states that they were built to satisfy different other beliefs, which had been around before Christianity. One of the ideas was that the deceased needed a light to find their way home.
Lanterns of the dead exist in different forms: cylindrical, square, as a hexagon, or polygon, as a column. Sometimes they are attached to a chapel.
Lavoir

A **lavoir** is a public place where people were able to wash their clothes. Very often, these basins were near a river. Such places were built from about the 18th century onwards. Today, many have been restored and are tourist attractions.
Judith Krantz

**Judith Krantz** (January 9, 1928 – June 22, 2019) was an American author. She mostly wrote romance novels. One of them is _Till We Meet Again_. She wrote freelance articles for _Cosmopolitan_ and _Ladies' Home Journal_. She was born in New York City.

Krantz died on June 22, 2019, at her home in the Bel Air neighborhood of Los Angeles. She was 91.
The Last Stand

***The Last Stand*** is a 2013 American action crime movie. Arnold Schwarzenegger and Forest Whitaker star. The earlier plays Ray Owens, and the latter plays John Bannister. This action drama also has Johnny Knoxville acting in it.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Last Stand
- **director**: Kim Jee-woon
- **producer**: Lorenzo di Bonaventura
- **writer**: Andrew Knauer
- **starring**: Arnold Schwarzenegger
Forest Whitaker
Johnny Knoxville
Rodrigo Santoro
Jaimie Alexander
Luis Guzmán
Eduardo Noriega (Spanish actor), Eduardo Noriega
Peter Stormare
Zach Gilford
Génesis Rodríguez
- **music**: Mowg
- **cinematography**: Kim Ji-yong
- **editing**: Steven Kemper
- **studio**: Lorenzo di Bonaventura, di Bonaventura Pictures
- **distributor**: Lionsgate Films, Lionsgate
- **runtime**: 107 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $30 million
- **gross**: $48,050,299
Ronald Gamarra Herrera

Dr. **Ronald Álex Gamarra Herrera** (born December 10 1958) is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. From 2008-2010 he was Executive Secretary of the Coordinadora Nacional de Derechos Humanos (National Coordinator for Human Rights of Peru) and one of the lawyers representing the civil parties -the families of the Barrios Altos and La Cantuta victims- in the proceedings against former president Alberto Fujimori.

Gamarra Herrera was born in Lima in 1958. He studied law at the National University of San Marcos. He studied for a Master's degree in Law from the National Defense University, funded by the United States Department of Defense. He is currently a professor at the Faculty of Law and Political Science at the National University of San Marcos.
Division of Warringah

The **Division of Warringah** is a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales.
It is located in the Northern Beaches region of Sydney. It covers most of the land between Middle Harbour and the Pacific Ocean. It extends from Port Jackson in the south to the suburb of Dee Why in the north. It includes the suburbs of Mosman, Balgowlah, Manly, Brookvale, Beacon Hill and Forestville.

The Division was named after the Warringah area of Sydney. This is an Aboriginal Australian word which means "rain", "waves" or "sea". The Division was created on 13 September 1922, for the 1922 Federal election. The seat is currently a safe Liberal seat. It has always been held by a member of a conservative party. It is currently held by Zali Steggall.

## Members for Warringah

|Member|Party|Term||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||Sir Granville Ryrie|Nationalist|1922–1927||
|||rowspan="2"|(Sir) Archdale Parkhill|Nationalist|1927–1931|
|||United Australia|1931–1937|||
|||rowspan="4"|(Sir) Percy Spender|Independent UAP|1937–1938|
|||United Australia|1938–1944|||
|||Independent|1944–1945|||
|||Liberal|1945–1951|||
|||Francis Bland|Liberal|1951–1961||
|||John Cockle|Liberal|1961–1966||
|||rowspan="2"|Edward St John|Liberal|1966–1969|
|||Independent|1969–1969|||
|||Michael MacKellar|Liberal|1969–1994||
|||Tony Abbott|Liberal|1994–2019||
|||Zali Steggall|Independent|2019–present||

## References

- Division of Warringah – Australian Electoral Commission

## Other websites

- Tony Abbott's website

## Infobox (australian electorate)

- **federal**: yes
- **name**: Warringah
- **image**: Division of Warringah 2010.png
- **imagesize**: 300
- **caption**: Division of Warringah (green) in New South Wales
- **party-colour**: Liberal
- **mp**: Zali Steggall
- **mp-party**: Independent
- **state**: nsw
- **created**: 1922
- **namesake**: Warringah
- **area**: 73
- **class**: Inner Metropolitan
Division of Lowe

The **Division of Lowe** was a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. It was located in the inner western suburbs of Sydney, on the south shore of the Parramatta River. It included the suburbs of Drummoyne, Five Dock, Croydon, Croydon Park, Burwood, Enfield, Homebush, Strathfield, Concord, Rhodes, Canada Bay, Cabarita, Abbotsford and Mortlake.

The Division was named after the Rt Hon Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke. Lowe had been a Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council, and former Home Secretary of the United Kingdom. The Division was created in 11 May 1949, for the 1949 federal election. It was first held by Sir William McMahon, who held the seat for over 32 years, until 1982.  He was Prime Minister 1971–72.

In 2009 the seat of Lowe was abolished. Most of the area was added to the nearby Division of Reid.

## Members

|Member|Party|Term||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||(Sir) William McMahon|Liberal|1949–1982||
|||Michael Maher|Labor|1982–1987||
|||Bob Woods|Liberal|1987–1993||
|||Mary Easson|Labor|1993–1996||
|||rowspan="2"|Paul Zammit|Liberal|1996–1998|
|||Independent|1998–1998|||
|||John Murphy|Labor|1998–2010||

## Election results

- 2004 election results
- 2007 election results

There was a by-election in Lowe in 1982 after Sir William McMahon resigned from the parliament.

## References

- Psephos: Adam Carr's Election Archive
- The Poll Bludger
- ABC Elections
- Australian Electoral Commission

## Other websites

- (PDF, 184 kB)

## Infobox (australian electorate)

- **federal**: yes
- **name**: Lowe
- **image**: Division of Lowe 2007.png
- **caption**: Division of Lowe (green) in New South Wales prior to abolition
- **party-colour**: Labor
- **state**: nsw
- **created**: 1949
- **abolished**: 2010
- **namesake**: Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke, Robert Lowe
- **electors**: 87,153
- **area**: 39
- **class**: Inner Metropolitan
Maroda

**Maroada** is a small village in Patti Kandwalsyun, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. It is in the mountains of Uttarakhand.  It is only 9 km away from Devpryag, on the way to Pauri. Devpryag is a very famous pilgrimage for Hindus as it is the starting point of the Holy river Ganga. The village is in the foot-hills of Jai Daanda Nagraja Mandir.
Indelibly Stamped

***Indelibly Stamped*** is the second studio album of Supertramp. A&M Records released it in June 1971. _Indelibly Stamped_ was Supertramp's first album that was released in the United States. Supertramp recorded this album in April and May 1971 in London.

## Track listing

All songs written by Rick Davies and Roger Hodgson, except where noted.

All lead vocals by Rick Davies, except where noted.

- "Rosie Had Everything Planned" is the only original song in the entire Supertramp catalog for which Rick Davies receives no writing or co-writing credit.

## Personnel

- Rick Davies – acoustic and Wurlitzer pianos, organ, lead vocals, harmonica
- Roger Hodgson – acoustic and electric guitars, bass guitar (Track 3), lead (Tracks 2, 3, 10) and backing vocals
- Dave Winthrop – flute, saxophone, lead vocals (Track 6)
- Frank Farrell – bass guitar, piano and accordion (Track 3)
- Kevin Currie – percussion, drums

**Production**
- Producer: Supertramp
- Engineer: Bob Hall

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Indelibly Stamped
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Supertramp
- **released**: June 1971
- **recorded**: April-May 1971
- **genre**: Progressive rock
- **length**: 40:33
- **label**: A&M Records
- **prev title**: Supertramp (album), Supertramp
(1970)
- **next title**: Crime of the Century
(1974)
The Carrie Diaries

***The Carrie Diaries*** is an American television series. It is a prequel to the program _Sex and the City_. The subject of this series is Carrie Bradshaw during the 1980s in Connecticut and New York City. Carrie is played by AnnaSophia Robb. The show was cancelled by The CW on May 8, 2014.
Udhampur

**Udhampur** () is a city and a sub-district of Udhampur District in Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is the headquarters of the district's government.
Chloe Bridges

**Chloe Bridges** (born December 27, 1991) is an American actress. She works mostly in movies. She has also done some television programs. She starred in the comedic drama _Forget Me Nots_, and played Donna in _The Carrie Diaries_. She was born in Houma, Louisiana.

Bridges married actor and comedian Adam DeVine in 2021.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chloe Bridges
- **image**: Chloe Bridges al Giffoni Film Festival 2010.jpg
- **caption**: Chloe at Festival Filem Giffoni 2010
- **birth place**: Thibodaux, Louisiana, USA
- **othername**: Chloe Perez
- **occupation**: Celebrity, Musician, Singer
- **height**: 166 cm
- **yearsactive**: 2005 - present
Palaeoptera

The **Palaeoptera** is the group of primitive (basal) winged insects which do not fold the wings back over the abdomen, as Neoptera do. Most of them are extinct; the living ones are the Ephemeroptera (mayflies) and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies).

The Palaeoptera may not be monophyletic: the issue is not yet settled. On the other hand, the Neoptera definitely are monophyletic.

The absence of wing-folding does not necessarily mean the Palaeoptera form a natural group. They may just be a group of insects that "are not Neoptera", in other words, a wastebasket taxon. As it stands, the relationship of the two living Paleopteran groups to the Neoptera is unclear.

Probably the concept of Palaeoptera will be changed to better reflect insect evolution. In any case, three main palaeopteran lineages, traditionally treated as superorders, are recognized. Of these, the Palaeodictyopteroidea themselves might also be a paraphyletic assemblage of very basal Pterygota.

### Infraclass Palaeoptera

(probably paraphyletic)

- Mayfly group
    - Ephemeroptera (mayflies)
- †Palaeodictyoptera group (all are extinct)
    - †Palaeodictyoptera
    - †Megasecoptera
    - †Archodonata
    - †Diaphanopterodea
- Dragonfly group (sometimes all are placed in the Odonata)
    - †Protodonata or Meganisoptera
    - †Protanisoptera
    - †Triadophlebioptera
    - †Protozygoptera or Archizygoptera
    - Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies)

## Related pages

- Archedictyon
- Palaeodictyoptera
Tracie Spencer

**Tracie Spencer** (born July 12, 1976 in Waterloo, Iowa) is an American R&B and pop singer. She has had several hit singles. Her singles are _This House_, _Hide & Seek_ and _Tender Kisses_. Her first album, _Tracie Spencer_, was in 1988. Her second album _Make the Difference_ was in 1990.
Broughton, Nova Scotia

**Broughton** (2001 pop.: 24) was a former town in the Cape Breton Regional Municipality about 12 miles from the former city of Sydney, Nova Scotia. Expected to be a boomtown when first settled, it was mostly abandoned when mining operations failed.
During the First World War, Broughton was used by the 185th Cape Breton Highlanders as training ground. During this time the famous Broughton Arms Hotel burned to the ground in April 1916. The Hotel is believed to have had North America's first revolving door.

## History

Broughton was first settled at the turn of the 20th century as a mining town for the Cape Breton Coal, Iron & Railway Company, started by British mining engineer Thomas Lancaster and British businessman Col. Horace Mayhew which intended to develop the coal seam at Cochrane's Lake (aka: Loon Lake).  The pair raised millions of dollars, mostly from English investors, and construction on the town was started, with streets laid out and a number of large official buildings constructed, including the Office Building, the Assistant Manager's House, the Broughton Arms Hotel and Crown Hotel. Remains of these substantial buildings can still be seen today, the scale of which giving an impression of the town's lofty ambitions.  A railway was built connecting to the Sydney & Louisburg Railway at False Bay Head, continuing through Broughton Junction to Broughton, a distance of 4 ½ miles, construction beginning in 1905 and completed in 1906. Seemingly too much money and effort was spent on the details and modern conveniences of the "most up-to-date modern city", one of the first attempts at a planned community in Canada, and not enough attention to the actual mine operation.  The company went bankrupt in 1907 after it failed to secure rail transportation to get its coal to port.  It is said this was due to the opposition of the Dominion Coal Company, which would not allow its Sydney and Louisburg Railway to carry the coal produced by the mine.
The British pair left Cape Breton, abandoning the company and the town.

The community remained active until its peak in 1916. The army had taken over the hotels to house officers and men during the First World War. After the end of the war the community declined rapidly. Some residents still live in the area.

A long article, detailing this company's history, appeared in the _Montreal Daily Star_, 25 May 1907.
Palaeodictyoptera

The **Palaeodictyoptera** were large flying insects which are now extinct. They were common in the Upper Carboniferous, and became extinct at the end-Permian extinction. Their size varied from large to huge. For example, _Mazothairos_ had a wingspan of about .

## Herbivores

They were the first major group of herbivorous insects. They had long, beak-like, piercing mouthparts, and probably a sucking organ. The mouthparts match the signs of damage in fossil plant leaves and stems.

## Flight

In addition to the normal four wings, they had two "pronota" in front. These pronota were smaller than the regular wings, but had wing veins just like the real things. They did not move up and down, so maybe they helped gliding. The Palaeodictyoptera are sometimes whimsically called **"six-winged insects"**. The actual wings are often boldly marked: the patterns of colour can be seen in fossils.

These insects had paired _cerci_ (singular: cercus) on their rear segment. The function of these is not clear. Cerci often serve as sensory organs, but they may also be used as weapons or copulation aids, or they may simply be vestigial structures. The cerci on some species was longer than the rest of the insect.

## References

- Carpenter F.M. 1992. _Superclass Hexapoda_. Volume 3 of Part R, Arthropoda 4;  _Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology_, Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America.

## Other websites

- Paleodictyoptera  at the Tree of Life project (list of taxa)
- Google images for Palaeodictyoptera http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Palaeodictyoptera&hl=en&lr=&sa=X&tbo=u&as_qdr=all&tbm=isch&source=univ&ei=DsjzUL70Fs3B0gWkvIEg&ved=0CDMQsAQ&biw=741&bih=615
Crime of the Century

***Crime of the Century*** is the third studio album of Supertramp. A&M Records released it in September 1974. Ken Scott produced the music. There is a text saying "To Sam" on the back cover of the album. Supertramp dedicated this album to Stanley August Miesegaes. He supported Supertramp financially from 1969 until 1972. _Crime of the Century_ got to number 38 on the American Billboard Pop Albums chart, and to number 4 on the UK Albums Chart. The songs "Bloody Well Right" and "Dreamer" were also released as singles. This album and these singles made Supertramp successful and well-known.

## Credits

- Bob C. Benbeg - drums, percussion
- Rick Davies - vocals, keyboards, harmonica
- John Anthony Helliwell - saxophones, clarinets, vocals
- Roger Hodgson - vocals, guitar, pianos
- Dougie Thomson - bass guitar

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Crime of the Century
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Supertramp
- **released**: September 1974
- **genre**: Rock and roll, Rock
- **length**: 44:10
- **label**: A&M Records
- **producer**: Ken Scott
- **prev title**: Indelibly Stamped
(1971)
- **next title**: Crisis? What Crisis?
(1975)
LinkedIn

**LinkedIn** is a social networking website for people in professional jobs. The company started in December 2002, and the website opened May 5, 2003. Users can make connections with other people they have worked with, post their work experience and skills, look for jobs, and look for workers. The site is available in many languages, including most European languages, Japanese, Korean, Indonesian, and Malay. LinkedIn has more than 200 million members around the world.

In 2012, the LinkedIn website was attacked by hackers from Russia, who stole passwords for more than 100 million user accounts. In 2016, a suspect was arrested in the Czech Republic.

The company which owns LinkedIn, the **LinkedIn Corporation**, was bought out by Microsoft in 2016 for US$26 billion.

## Statistics

In January 2013, the countries with the most LinkedIn users were:

- United States with 74 million members
- India with 18 million members
- United Kingdom with 11 million members
- Brazil with 11 million members
- Canada with 7 million members

## Other websites

- SEC Form S-1 Registration Statement – LinkedIn's IPO filing
Leopold II

**Leopold II** may mean:
- Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria
- Leopold II, Margrave of Austria, fifth Margrave of Austria
- Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian general
- Leopold II, Prince of Lippe, eldest child of Leopold I and Princess Pauline
- Leopold II of Belgium, king of Belgium from 1835 until 1909
Integer overflow

**Integer overflow** occurs in computers, when the number which is stored becomes larger than the capacity of the memory it is stored in. The most likely result is that the number will reset to 0 and start over.

For example, start with the number 14, using 4-bits integers. Add 1 a few times, this will result in an overflow, which causes it to reset the number to 0.
|Binary number|Decimal number|
| --- | --- |
|1110|14|
|1111|15|
|0000|0|
|0001|1|
Another result is the number will reset to the most negative number, if the number has a sign. This is because negative numbers are represented by values after the maximum positive value.

For example, with signed 4-bit integers. Adding 1 will cause this type of overflow:
|Binary number|Decimal number|
| --- | --- |
|0110|6|
|0111|7|
|1000|-8|
|1001|-7|
Bethesda, Maryland

**Bethesda** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is northwest of Washington, D.C. The National Institutes of Health main campus and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center are in Bethesda. There are also corporate and government headquarters.

In April 2009, _Forbes_ put Bethesda second on its list of "America's Most Livable Cities."

Bethesda is an unincorporated area. It has no official boundaries. The United States Census Bureau says the center is at 38°59' North, 77°7' West. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2020, Bethesda had 68,056 people.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Bethesda, Maryland
- **settlement type**: Census-designated place
- **image skyline**: Bethesda_Montage.jpg
- **image caption**: From top: Bethesda Meeting House, Bethesda's Madonna of the Trail statue, the National Institutes of Health, downtown Bethesda near the Bethesda (Washington Metro), Bethesda Washington Metro, Metro station, Bethesda Avenue at night, Bethesda Theatre, and the Connie Morella Library.
- **image map**: BethesdaCDPmap.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Boundaries of Bethesda CDP from U.S. Census Bureau
- **image map1**: Montgomery_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Bethesda_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize1**: 250x200px
- **map caption1**: Location of Bethesda in Montgomery County, Maryland
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Maryland, County
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision name1**: Maryland
- **subdivision name2**: Montgomery County, Maryland, Montgomery
- **area total km2**: 34.52
- **area land km2**: 34.35
- **area water km2**: 0.17
- **area total sq mi**: 13.33
- **area land sq mi**: 13.26
- **area water sq mi**: 0.07
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 68056
- **population density sq mi**: 5131.65
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation m**: 97
- **elevation ft**: 318
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 20800–20899
- **area codes**: Area codes 301 and 240, 301, 240
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 24-07125
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0583184
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population density km2**: 1981.30
Division of East Sydney

The **Division of East Sydney** was a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. The division was created in 1900. It was one of the original 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It was abolished in 1969. It was named for the suburb of East Sydney. It was located in the inner eastern suburbs of Sydney, including Darlinghurst, Paddington and Surry Hills.

After 1910 East Sydney was usually a safe seat for the Australian Labor Party. In the 1930s it was a stronghold of Lang Labor. Its most famous members were Sir George Reid, who was Prime Minister of Australia in 1904–05, and Eddie Ward, a long-serving Labor member and Cabinet minister.

## Members

|Member|Party|Term||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||rowspan="2"|George Reid|Free Trade, Anti-Socialist|1901–1909|
|||Commonwealth Liberal|1909–1910|||
|||John West|Labor|1910–1931||
|||Eddie Ward|Labor (NSW)|1931–1931||
|||John Clasby|United Australia|1931–1932||
|||rowspan="2"|Eddie Ward|Labor (NSW)|1932–1936|
|||Labor|1936–1963|||
|||Leonard Devine|Labor|1963–1969||

## Infobox (australian electorate)

- **federal**: yes
- **name**: East Sydney
- **state**: nsw
- **created**: 1901
- **abolished**: 1969
- **namesake**: East Sydney, New South Wales
Division of Bland

The **Division of Bland** was a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. The division was created in 1900. It was one of the original 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It was abolished in 1906. It was named for Dr William Bland, a New South Wales colonial politician. It is based in rural southern New South Wales, and included the towns of Narrandera, Wagga Wagga and West Wyalong.

Bland was held by Chris Watson, the first Leader of the federal parliamentary Labor Party and Australia's first Labor Prime Minister. When Bland was abolished in 1906, Watson moved to South Sydney.

## Members

|Member|Party|Term|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||Chris Watson|Labor|1901–1906|

## Infobox (australian electorate)

- **federal**: yes
- **name**: Bland
- **state**: nsw
- **created**: 1901
- **abolished**: 1906
- **namesake**: William Bland
Division of Ballarat

The **Division of Ballarat** (**Ballaarat** until 1977) is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. The division was one of the original 75 divisions created in 1900. It was set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the city of Ballarat.

The division includes Ballarat, Bacchus Marsh, Ballan, Daylesford, Creswick, Trentham and Clunes. In the past it has included Ararat, Maryborough, and Stawell.

Ballarat had the closest election result in Australian history.  Nationalist Edwin Kerby unseated Labor member Charles McGrath by a single vote in 1919.  However, McGrath said that the election had not been fair. It was challenged in court which resulted in a by-election in 1920 that was won by McGrath.

## Members

|Member|Party|Term||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||rowspan="2"|Alfred Deakin|Protectionist|1901–1909|
|||Commonwealth Liberal|1909–1913|||
|||Charles McGrath|Labor|1913–1919||
|||Edwin Kerby|Nationalist|1919–1920||
|||rowspan="2"|Charles McGrath|Labor|1920–1931|
|||United Australia|1931–1934|||
|||Archibald Fisken|United Australia|1934–1937||
|||Reg Pollard|Labor|1937–1949||
|||Alan Pittard|Liberal|1949–1951||
|||rowspan="2"|Robert Joshua|Labor|1951–1955|
|||Labor (Anti-Communist)|1955–1955|||
|||Dudley Erwin|Liberal|1955–1975||
|||Jim Short|Liberal|1975–1980||
|||John Mildren|Labor|1980–1990||
|||Michael Ronaldson|Liberal|1990–2001||
|||Catherine King|Labor|2001–present||

The most famous member was Alfred Deakin, Prime Minister of Australia three times. Michael Ronaldson was the grandson of Archibald Fisken. Ronaldson later served as a Liberal senator.

## References

- Division of Ballarat – Australian Electoral Commission

## Other websites

- Catherine King's website

## Infobox (australian electorate)

- **federal**: yes
- **name**: Ballarat
- **image**: Division of Ballarat 2022.png
- **imagesize**: 300
- **caption**: Division of Ballarat in Victoria (Australia), Victoria, as of 2016 federal election.
- **created**: 1901
- **mp**: Catherine King (politician), Catherine King
- **mp-party**: Australian Labor Party, Labor
- **namesake**: Ballarat, Ballaarat (from a Wathaurong Indigenous languages of Australia, Aboriginal word: _balla arat_, thought to mean "resting place".)
- **electors**: 110793
- **electors year**: 2016
- **area**: 4652
- **class**: Provincial
Windows Home Server

**Windows Home Server** is a home server operating system created by Microsoft. It was announced on January 7, 2007, at the Consumer Electronics Show by Bill Gates. Its purpose is to provide households with multiple PCs a centralized and user-friendly solution for file sharing, automatic backups, and remote access to resources. It is built on the code of Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2.

Windows Home Server was officially launched on July 16, 2007.

It was replaced by Windows Home Server 2011 in April 2011.
DirectX

**DirectX** is a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) created by Microsoft. It was made to help programmers manage video and audio in their programs more easily. It is used to create applications on Microsoft Windows. It is also widely used when making video games, especially on the Xbox.
CeCe Peniston

**CeCe Peniston** (born September 6, 1969, in Dayton, Ohio) is an American R&B singer and former beauty queen. She was very popular in the early 1990s. Her hit song "Finally" was released in 1991. A lot of other songs followed. Peniston was crowned Miss Black Arizona 1989 and Miss Galaxy 1990.
South Pole–Aitken basin

The **South Pole–Aitken basin** is a huge impact crater on the far side of Earth's Moon. Roughly  in diameter and  deep, it is one of the largest known impact craters in the Solar System. It is the largest, oldest and deepest basin on the Moon. The formation of the large lunar basins occurred before 3.8 billion years ago.

This moon basin was named after two features on opposing sides; the crater Aitken on the northern end and the southern lunar pole at the other end.