juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sadedin Mezuraj

**Sadedin Mezuraj** (born 2 June 1955) is an Albanian sociologist, writer, and publicist.

## Early life and education

Mezuraj was born in Vërmik, Vlorë County, on 2 June 1955. He graduated from the University of Tirana with a degree in philosophy and political sciences.

## Career

From September 1981 to October 1991, Mezuraj was a lecturer at the University of Tirana, where he taught philosophy and political science.

Between January 2000 and May 2011, he served as Director of Training and Projects at the State Social Service of Albania.

Since 2012, Mezuraj has been active as a publicist and author of opinion articles on social and political topics, published in newspapers and online media in Albania.

## Publications

- _Nga ç’qiell ra trëndafili?_ – poetry collection

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sadedin Mezuraj
- **birth name**: Sadedin Mezuraj
- **birth place**: Vërmik, Vlorë, Albania
- **nationality**: Albanian
- **occupation**: Sociologist
Writer
Publicist
- **alma mater**: University of Tirana
- **years active**: 1981–present
Nigel Latta

**Nigel Raymond Latta** (3 July 1967 – 30 September 2025) was a New Zealand clinical psychologist, author, and broadcaster. He was often described as "New Zealand's best-known psychologist."
Proceratophrys ararype

***Proceratophrys ararype*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home

Scientists saw this frog in Caatinga places. It only lives in forests where there is a lot of water in the air. Scientists saw the frog 740 meters above sea level.

Parts of the frog's home are in some protected parks: Floresta Nacional do Araripe-Apodi, Área de Preservação Ambiental (APA) da Chapada do Araripe.

## Young

The male frog sits on the dead leaves on the ground next to streams and calls to the female frogs. She puts her eggs in the streams, and the tadpoles swim and grow there.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in very big danger of dying out. Human beings cut down many trees to make farms, towns, tree farms, and places for animals to eat grass.
Odontophrynus

***Odontophrynus*** is a group of frogs in the family Odontophrynidae. They live in southern and eastern South America. People sometimes call them the **escuerzos**.

## Species

The group has many species in it:
- _Odontophrynus alipioi_ <small>(Carvalho, 1946)</small>
- _Odontophrynus americanus_ <small>(Duméril and Bibron, 1841)</small>
- _Odontophrynus carvalhoi_ <small>Savage and Cei, 1965</small>
- _Odontophrynus cordobae_ <small>Martino and Sinsch, 2002</small>
- _Odontophrynus cultripes_ <small>Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862</small>
- _Odontophrynus_ juquinha <small>Rocha, Sena, Pezzuti, Leite, Svartman, Rosset, Baldo, and Garcia, 2017</small>
- _Odontophrynus lavillai_ <small>Cei, 1985</small>
- _Odontophrynus maisuma_ <small>Rosset, 2008</small>
- _Odontophrynus monachus_ <small>Caramaschi and Napoli, 2012</small>
- _Odontophrynus occidentalis_ <small>(Berg, 1896)</small>
- _Odontophrynus reigi_ <small>Rosset, Fadel, Guimarães, Carvalho, Ceron, Pedrozo, Serejo, Souza, Baldo, and Mângia, 2021</small>
Exploding whale

There are numerous cases of whales "exploding". This most commonly happens naturally due to gas building up inside of a dead whale. There are rare instances where people decide to destroy the whale carcass with explosives.

For example: In 1970 Oregon, people disassembled a sperm whale carcass using explosives. A member of the Oregon Highway Division decided it was a smart way to dispose of its rotting carcass.
La Fin du monde est à 7 heures

***La Fin du monde est à 7 heures*** ("The End of the World is at 7 o'clock") is a Quebecker comedy television series that originally aired on TQS from September 1, 1997 to April 28, 2000.
Deputy Lieutenant

A **deputy lieutenant** (post nominals **DL**) is a crown appointment of the United Kingdom. This is one of a few deputies to the Lord-lieutenant of a given lieutenancy area (e.g. an English ceremonial county).

Deputy lieutenants will receive their title from a government minister who's appointed by the British monarch.
Market manipulation

**Market manipulation** is the act of intentionally interfering with the free and fair operation of a market, such as the interfering with the natural supply and demand of stock, commodities, cryptocurrency markets (such Non-fungible tokens) and other securities to artificially influence prices for personal or institutional gain.

Examples of **market manipulation** tactics are pump and dump schemes, insider manipulation, bear raiding and spoofing.
Kunisaki

is a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

## Other websites

- Kunisaki City official website

## Infobox (place symbols)

- **embedded**: yes
- **tree**: _Cinnamomum camphora_
- **flower**: Tenderstem broccoli
- **bird**: Green pheasant


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kunisaki
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Cities of Japan, City
- **image skyline**: Kunisaki city hall.JPG
- **image caption**: Kunisaki city hall
- **image flag**: Flag of Kunisaki, Oita.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Kunisaki, Oita.svg
- **seal type**: Emblem
- **image map1**: Kunisaki in Oita Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Kunisaki in Ōita Prefecture
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyushu
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Ōita Prefecture,  Ōita
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Japan, District
- **extinct title**: Now part of
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Tokuji Matsui (since 2023)
- **leader title1**: Vice Mayor
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 318.10
- **population total**: 25,721
- **population as of**: November 30, 2023
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time, JST
- **utc offset1**: +09:00
- **blank name sec1**: City hall address
- **blank info sec1**: 49 Tsurukawa, Kunisaki-cho, Kunisaki-shi, Oita-ken 873-0501
- **blank name sec2**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info sec2**: Humid subtropical climate, Cfa
Kitsuki

is a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

## Other websites

- Kitsuki City official website

## Infobox (place symbols)

- **embedded**: yes
- **tree**: Prunus mume
- **flower**: Calanthe discolor


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kitsuki
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Cities of Japan, City
- **image skyline**: Castle Town of Kitsuki 05.jpg
- **image caption**: Kitsuki castle town
- **image flag**: Flag of Kitsuki, Oita.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Kitsuki, Oita.svg
- **seal type**: Chapter
- **image map1**: Kitsuki in Oita Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Kitsuki in Ōita Prefecture
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyushu
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Ōita Prefecture, Ōita
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Japan, District
- **extinct title**: Now part of
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Kyosuke Yasaka (since June 2006)
- **leader title1**: Vice Mayor
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 280.08
- **population total**: 26,761
- **population as of**: October 31, 2023
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time, JST
- **utc offset1**: +09:00
- **blank name sec1**: City hall address
- **blank info sec1**: 377-1 Oji Kitsuki, Kitsuki-shi, Oita-ken 873-0001
- **blank name sec2**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info sec2**: Humid subtropical climate, Cfa
Tsukumi

is a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

## Other websites

- Tsukumi City official website

## Infobox (place symbols)

- **embedded**: yes
- **tree**: Quercus phillyraeoioles
- **flower**: Citrus tachibana


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Tsukumi
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Cities of Japan, City
- **image skyline**: Tsukumi city hall.JPG
- **image caption**: Tsukumi city hall
- **image flag**: Flag of Tsukumi, Oita.svg
- **image blank emblem**: Emblem of Tsukumi, Ōita.svg
- **blank emblem type**: Emblem
- **image map**: Tsukumi in Oita Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Tsukumi in Ōita Prefecture
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyushu
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Ōita Prefecture, Ōita
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Japan, District
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Koji Yoshimoto (since December 2003)
- **leader title1**: Vice Mayor
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 79.48
- **population total**: 15,492
- **population as of**: August 31, 2023
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time, JST
- **utc offset1**: +09:00
- **blank name sec1**: City hall address
- **blank info sec1**: Miyamoto-cho 20-15, Tsukumi-shi, Ōita-ken
Nakatsu, Ōita

is a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

## Other websites

- Nakatsu City official website

## Infobox (place symbols)

- **embedded**: yes
- **tree**: Round Leaf Holly
- **flower**: Chrysanthemum


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Nakatsu
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Cities of Japan, City
- **image skyline**: Nakatsu Castle 04.jpg
- **image flag**: Flag of Nakatsu, Oita.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Nakatsu, Oita.svg
- **image map1**: Nakatsu in Oita Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Nakatsu in Ōita Prefecture
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyushu
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Ōita Prefecture,  Ōita
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Japan, District
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Masakatsu Shingai
- **leader title1**: Vice Mayor
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 491.53
- **population total**: 82,301
- **population as of**: December 15, 2023
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time, JST
- **utc offset1**: +09:00
- **blank name sec1**: City hall address
- **blank info sec1**: 14-3 Toyodamachi, Nakatsu-shi, Ōita-ken 871-8501
- **blank name sec2**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info sec2**: Humid subtropical climate, Cfa
Usuki

is a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

## Other websites

- Usuki City official website

## Infobox (place symbols)

- **embedded**: yes
- **tree**: Kabosu
- **flower**: Salvia splendens


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Usuki
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Cities of Japan, City
- **image skyline**: Usuki city hall (usuki building).JPG
- **image caption**: Usuki City Hall
- **image flag**: Flag of Usuki, Oita.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Usuki, Oita.svg
- **image map1**: Usuki in Oita Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Usuki in Ōita Prefecture
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyushu
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Ōita Prefecture,  Ōita
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Japan, District
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Goro Nakano (since January 2009)
- **leader title1**: Vice Mayor
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 291.20
- **population total**: 34,155
- **population as of**: October 1, 2023
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time, JST
- **utc offset1**: +09:00
- **blank name sec1**: City hall address
- **blank info sec1**: 72-1 Usuki, Usuki-shi, Ōita-ken 875-8501
Aryan Brotherhood

_Not to be confused with the Aryan Brotherhood of Texas._

The **Aryan Brotherhood** is a neo-Nazi, white supremacist prison gang that operates across the United States. The gang is known to be violent and powerful. In fact, it is the oldest, largest, and deadliest prison gang in the U.S.

## History

The Aryan Brotherhood was formed in 1964 in California's San Quentin State Prison in California. Its first members were Irish immigrants who opposed prison de-segregation.

## Initiation

According to a 2011 book, the Aryan Brotherhood's motto was "blood in, blood out." This meant a person had to bleed in order to join the gang, usually by way of a violent initiation process. If the person wanted to leave the gang, then they would have to bleed again.

According to one source, new members have to go through a violent initiation process and commit murder before they are accepted into the gang.

## Organized crime

_Also see: Organized crime_

The Aryan Brotherhood's organized crimes include:

- Extortion
- Fraud
- Robbery
- Drug trafficking
- Murder and conspiracy to murder
- Prostitution
- Gambling operations
- Racketeering

## Related pages

- Prison gang
- Nazi Lowriders
Yutaka Yamada

is a Japanese composer, arranger, and orchestrator based in Los Angeles. He is known for creating musical scores for a wide variety of Japanese anime, television dramas, and films.

Yamada is best known internationally for composing the music for popular anime series, including _Tokyo Ghoul_ (2014) and its sequels. The original soundtrack was highly popular, and his theme song "Glassy Sky" was later sampled by the rapper Eminem in his 2018 track "Good Guy". He also known for compose song for _Vinland Saga_ (2019, 2023), _Great Pretender_ (2020). He has also scored music for numerous live-action projects, often collaborating with director Shinsuke Sato, which includes the Netflix series _Alice in Borderland (2020–present), the _Kingdom_ film series (2019–present), and other major titles like _Bleach_ (2018) and _Golden Kamuy'' (2024).

Yamada moved to Los Angeles in 2017 to pursue further international work. He graduated from the Senzoku Gakuen College of Music in Japan.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Yutaka Yamada
- **native name**: やまだ 豊
- **native name lang**: ja_
- **origin**: Tokyo, Japan
- **years active**: 2011–present
Robot Communications

is a Japanese production company based in Tokyo, founded on June 3, 1986, by Shūji Abe. The company is involved in the production of television series and films.

Robot Communications has produced a long list of notable Japanese films and television projects. The company won the 2008 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for _La Maison en Petits Cubes_. It is known for producing the popular _Always: Sunset on Third Street_ film trilogy (2005, 2007, 2011) and the animated _Stand by Me Doraemon_ films (2014, 2020). Recent productions include the 2023 blockbuster film _Godzilla Minus One_ (co-produced with Toho Studios), the Netflix series _Alice in Borderland_ (2020), and the Netflix series _YuYu Hakusho_ (2023).

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Robot Communications Inc.
- **logo**: Robot Communications Logo.png
- **image**: Robot Communications.jpg
- **image caption**: Animation studio
- **native name**: 株式会社ロボット
- **native name lang**: ja
- **romanized name**: Kabushikigaisha Robotto
- **founder**: Shūji Abe
- **hq location**: Ebisuminami, Shibuya, Ebisunami
- **hq location city**: Shibuya, Shibuya, Tokyo
- **hq location country**: Japan
- **products**: Television series, films
- **parent**: Imagica, Imagica Group
Watch My Chops!

***Watch My Chops!*** (also known as _Corneil & Bernie_ outside of the U.K.) is a French animated television series that both aired was originally from February 21, 2003 to August 19, 2006 with France 3 and Gulli and revived from November 25, 2014 to November 18, 2016 with CBBC.
Ben Mitkus

**Ben Mitkus** (born 23 December 1994) is a Swedish television personality and singer. He also runs a YouTube channel with over 530,000 followers.

He moved to Sweden from Lithuania with his family when he was four years old and now lives in Örebro. He tried out for Idol 2014 and also took part in the show Ung och bortskämd on TV3, where he came second. Mitkus has a YouTube account which, in 2016, had 36 million views, where he shares videos of himself singing. Mitkus is signed with Universal Music.

In 2018, he joined Farmen VIP with other Swedish famous people. He was the first person to leave the show. In 2016, Mitkus released the song "Kills Me", which reached number 56 on the Swedish singles chart.
Pál Titkos

**Pál Titkos** (8 January 1908 – 8 October 1988) was a Hungarian footballer and manager. He scored two goals at the 1938 FIFA World Cup, including one in the final against Italy.

He notable managed MTK Budapest FC, Al Ahly and the United Arab Republic.

### Player

- MTK Hungária FC
- Nemzeti Bajnokság I: 1935–36, 1936–37
- Magyar Kupa: 1931–32
- Štefánik Tournament in Bratislava: 1933

- Hungary
- FIFA World Cup runners-up: 1938

### Head coach

- Al Ahly
- Egyptian Premier League: 1957–58
- Egypt Cup: 1958

- United Arab Republic
- Africa Cup of Nations: 1959

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Pál Titkos
- **fullname**: Pál Titkos
- **image**: TitkosPal.jpg
- **caption**: Pál Titkos.
- **birth place**: Budapest, Kelenvölgy, Austria-Hungary
- **death place**: Budapest, Hungarian People's Republic, Hungary
- **position**: Striker (football), Striker
- **years1**: 1926–1929
- **years2**: 1929–1940
- **clubs1**: 33 FC, Budai 33
- **clubs2**: MTK Budapest FC, MTK Hungária FC
- **nationalyears1**: 1929–1938
- **nationalteam1**: Hungary national football team, Hungary
- **nationalcaps1**: 48
- **nationalgoals1**: 12
- **manageryears1**: 1942–1943
- **manageryears2**: 1946–1947
- **manageryears3**: 1957–1958
- **manageryears4**: 1958–1961
- **manageryears5**: 1963
- **managerclubs1**: Budapest Honvéd FC, Budapest Honvéd
- **managerclubs2**: MTK Budapest FC
- **managerclubs3**: Al Ahly SC, Al Ahly
- **managerclubs4**: Egypt national football team, United Arab Republic
- **managerclubs5**: Zalaegerszegi TE
- **medaltemplates**: <small>(as manager)</small>

<small>(as player)</small>
Rock 'Em Sock 'Em Robots

**Rock 'Em Sock 'Em Robots** is a two-player action toy and game. It was designed by Marvin Glass and Associates. It was first manufactured by the Marx toy company in 1964. It features two dueling robot boxers, Red Rocker and Blue Bomber, mechanically manipulated by the players, and the game is won when one player knocks the opposing robot's head up and off the shoulders.
Apples to Apples

**Apples to Apples** is a card-based party game. It was originally published by Out of the Box Publishing, and now by Mattel. Each player starts with a hand of seven "red apple" cards, which feature nouns. A player is selected to be the first judge, and that judge plays a "green apple" card, which features an adjective. The round is won by playing the "red apple" card that the judge determines to be the best match for the "green apple" card. The role of the judge rotates, and the number of rounds is determined by the number of players.
Smile Empty Soul

**Smile Empty Soul** is an American rock band, originally from Santa Clarita, California. It was formed in 1998 by Sean Danielsen, Ryan Martin, and Derek Gledhill. Following the departure of Gledhill and Martin from the band in 2005 and 2017, respectively, Danielsen remains the only founding member still active as well as the band's primary songwriter, frontman, and leader.
Gloria Jean's Coffees

**Gloria Jean's Coffees** is an Australian-American retail coffeehouse brand. It is based in Castle Hill, Sydney. The chain is owned by Retail Food Group. It has more than 599 stores in 40 countries, including over 140 in Australia. It was founded in 1979.
Allure (magazine)

**Alluire** is an American women's fashion magazine. It focused on beauty It is published by Condé Nast in New York City. It was founded in 1991 by Linda Wells. Michelle Lee replaced Wells in 2015. In August 2022, Conde Nast announced the December issue would be the last one in print after which the publication would be online only.
Condé Nast Traveler

**Condé Nast Traveler**i s a luxury and lifestyle travel magazine. It is published by Condé Nast. The magazine has won 25 National Magazine Awards. It is currently led by Global Editorial Director, Divia Thani. The magazine is produced at Condé Nast's US headquarters at One World Trade Center in New York City.
Jennifer Cheatham

**Jennifer Perry Cheatham** is an American educator and scholar who currently serves as a Senior Lecturer on Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education (HGSE) and Faculty Chair of Field Engagement. She is co-chair of the Public Education Leadership Project (PELP) and co-chair of the Collaborative on Political Leadership in the Superintendency. She is the former superintendent of Madison Metropolitan School District and also held positions at Chicago Public Schools.

Her writing has appeared in publications such as _Phi Delta Kappan_, _Education Week_, and _The Learning Professional_.

## Education

Cheatham earned her Ed.D. in 2010 through HGSE's Urban Superintendents Program, following earlier degrees including an Ed.M. from HGSE, an M.A. in Education from the University of Michigan, and a B.A. in English from DePaul University.

## Career

Before joining Harvard, Cheatham served as Superintendent of the Madison Metropolitan School District in Wisconsin from 2013 to 2019.

Prior to her work in Madison, Cheatham held positions in large urban districts. She was Chief of Instruction and Chief Area Officer in Chicago Public Schools, where she oversaw curriculum, post-secondary initiatives, early childhood programs, and professional learning. Earlier in her career, she served as Executive Director of Curriculum and Instruction in San Diego City Schools, and worked as a literacy coach, curriculum developer, and middle school English teacher in California’s Newark Unified School District.

Her resignation as superintendent was announced in May 2019, effective at the end of that summer.

At Harvard, Cheatham designs education programs for superintendents and system leaders, including _Leadership Entry: Empowering Schools and Communities_ and _Civic Leadership in the Superintendency_. Her recent lectures and research explore civic dimensions of district leadership and the role of political acumen in public education.

In 2023, she co-authored an opinion piece in _Education Week_, arguing that educational leaders must model openness to changing their own thinking to create conditions for collective learning. In the article, she highlights her approach to teaching graduate students who are aspiring system-level leaders.

Jennifer Cheatham is also the co-author, with Rodney Thomas and Adam Parrott-Sheffer, of the book _Entry Planning for Equity-Focused Leaders: Empowering Schools and Communities_ (2022), which offers a framework to support leaders in equity-driven organizational entry planning.
IPadOS 15

**iPadOS 15** is a version of the iPad operating system made by Apple. It was released in September 20, 2021, along with iOS 15, macOS Monterey, watchOS 8, and tvOS 15. iPadOS 15 added new features like widgets, multitasking, and Focus mode.

## Features

- Widgets on the home screen
- Multitasking (Split View and Slide Over) – New multitasking user interface allows users to enter Split View, Slide Over, enter full screen with quick gestures. The multi-window shelf gives quick access to all running apps.
- Focus mode (to reduce distractions)
- Notes improvements – A new feature, called Quick Note, can be taken by swiping from the corner with fingers or the Apple Pencil, the Control Center, or a keyboard shortcut.
- Safari updates – Safari has tab groups which allow the user to organize tabs into user-defined groups.

## Supported devices

iPadOS 15 can run on these iPads:
- iPad Pro (all models)
- iPad (5th generation and later)
- iPad Air 2 and later
- iPad mini 4 and later

## Other websites

- Apple – iPadOS 15 official page

## Infobox (os version)

- **name**: iPadOS 15
- **logo**: IOS_15_logo.png
- **logo size**: 85px
- screenshot
- **caption**: iPadOS 15 running on an iPad Air (3rd generation)
- **version of**: iPadOS
- **developer**: Apple Inc., Apple
- **family**: Unix-like, based on Darwin (operating system), Darwin (Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD), iOS
- **source model**: Proprietary software, Closed with open-source software, open-source components
- **marketing target**: Tablet Computers
- **programmed in**: C (programming language), C, C++, Objective-C, Swift (programming language), Swift, assembly language
- **language**: 40 languages
- **update model**: Over-the-air programming, OTA, software update through iTunes, Apple Configurator, or Finder
- **package manager**: App Store
- **supported platforms**: iPadOS 15#Supported devices, See below
- **kernel type**: Hybrid kernel, Hybrid (XNU)
- **ui**: Cocoa Touch (multi-touch, graphical user interface, GUI)
- **license**: Proprietary software with open-source components
- **preceded by**: iPadOS 14
- **succeeded by**: iPadOS 16
- **tagline**: Works wonders. With ease.
- **support status**: Supported. receiving security updates on iPads that do not support iPadOS 16. Widespread third-party app support.
- **other articles**: iOS 15 (derived from)
.flow

**.flow** is a 2009 horror videogame made by the developer lolrust. The game is free and inspired by Yume Nikki.

## Summary

You play as Sabitsuki, a white haired girl exploring her dreams. Unlike Yume Nikki these dreams are almost all very dark and violent.

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: lolrust
Crossover (fiction)

**Crossover** in fiction can refer to a variety of concepts, often involving characters or elements from different stories, genres, or universes coming together. This can include crossovers in literature, movies, television shows, and even video games.

### Literary crossovers

In books, authors might integrate characters from one series into another. For example, Sherlock Holmes might interact with characters from the Harry Potter universe, creating a unique storyline that engages fans of both.

### Film and television crossovers

TV shows often feature crossover episodes where characters from one show appear in another. A popular example is the crossover between DC Comics and Marvel Comics characters, including the various superhero shows in the Arrowverse, like _Arrow_, _The Flash_, and _Supergirl_.

### Genre crossovers

Some stories blend two different genres, such as a romantic comedy set in a sci-fi universe. This can lead to interesting and unexpected plot developments.

### Fan fiction

Many fans create their own crossover stories, bringing together characters from different franchises to explore new possibilities and relationships.

### Multiverse concepts

In some narratives, the multiverse theory allows different universes to collide, leading to complex interactions among characters from diverse backgrounds.
Dominique Thorne

**Dominique Thorne** (born November 5, 1997) is an American actress known for her work in both film and television. She gained significant attention for her role as Riri Williams / Ironheart, in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Riri Williams is a young inventor who creates her own suit of armor, following in the footsteps of Tony Stark / Iron Man.

Thorne made her film debut in _If Beale Street Could Talk_, directed by Barry Jenkins, which showcased her talent early in her career. She has also appeared in various other projects, demonstrating her versatility as an actress.

In 2025, Thorne starred in the Disney+ series _Ironheart_, which explores her character's journey.
Jimmy Woo

**James "Jimmy" Woo** (**Woo Yen Jet**) is a character from Marvel Comics, first appearing in _Strange Tales_ #109 in 1958.

## Fictional character biography

He is often portrayed as a skilled FBI agent and has been involved in various storylines across different Marvel properties. In the comics, he initially worked to combat threats like the Chinese Communist forces but has since evolved into a more complex character.

## In other media

In the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), Jimmy Woo is portrayed by actor Randall Park. He made his first appearance in _Ant-Man and the Wasp_ (2018) and later featured prominently in the Disney+ series _WandaVision_ (2021). In _WandaVision_, Woo plays an essential role in investigating the mysterious occurrences in Westview, New Jersey, where Scarlet Witch has created a reality-warping bubble.
Franklin Richards (character)

**Franklin Benjamin Richards** is a fictional character in the Marvel Comics universe, primarily associated with the Fantastic Four. He is the son of Reed Richards / Mr. Fantastic and Sue Storm / Invisible Woman, and he first appeared in _Fantastic Four_ #94 in 1970.

## Overview

Franklin is notable for being one of the most powerful mutants in the Marvel Universe. He possesses reality-warping abilities that allow him to alter and manipulate the fabric of reality itself. As a child, these powers were often unpredictable and difficult for him to control, leading to various situations and adventures involving the Fantastic Four and other characters in the Marvel Universe.

As he grows older, Franklin's capabilities evolve, and he has been depicted as a key player in significant storylines, including the "Onslaught" saga and the "House of M" event. He also has a deep bond with his family and has acted as both a hero and a protector of his loved ones.

## Themes

Franklin’s character explores themes of potential, responsibility, and the challenges of growing up with immense power. He is often portrayed as kind-hearted, intelligent, and mature for his age, sometimes taking on leadership roles among his peers.

His complex narrative has made him a beloved character in the Marvel Comics, providing rich storytelling opportunities related to family dynamics, heroism, and the burden of power.

## In other media

Franklin Richards makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in _The Super Hero Squad Show_ episode "Support Your Local Sky-Father!". He also appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movie _The Fantastic Four: First Steps_ (2025), portrayed by infant actor Ada Scott.
FC Hradec Králové

**FC Hradec Králové** is a Czech professional football club based in the city of Hradec Králové. The team was founded in 1905, and have played in the Czech First League since 2021.

The team won the 1959–60 Czechoslovak First League, and qualified for the 1960–61 European Cup, where they would lose to Barcelona in the quarter-finals.

## History of names

- 1905: _SK Hradec Králové_
- 1948: _Sokol Hradec Králové_
- 1949: _Sokol Škoda_
- 1953: _DSO Spartak Hradec Králové_ (Dobrovolná Sportovní Organisace Spartak Hradec Králové)
- 1976: _TJ Spartak ZVU Hradec_
- 1989: _RH Spartak ZVU Hradec Králové_
- 1990: _SKP Spartak Hradec Králové_
- 1992: _SKP Fomei Hradec Králové_
- 1994: _SK Hradec Králové_
- 2005: _FC Hradec Králové_

## Honours

- **Czechoslovak First League**
    - Champions: 1959–60
- **Czech Cup**
    - Winners: 1994–95
- **Czech 2. Liga**
    - Winners: 2000–01, 2009–10

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: FC Hradec Králové
- **image**: FC Hradec Kralove logo.png
- **upright**: 0.8
- **fullname**: Football Club Hradec Králové a.s.
- **nickname**: _Votroci_ (The Rascals)
- **ground**: Malšovická aréna
- **capacity**: 9,300
- **chairman**: Richard Jukl
- **manager**: David Horejš
- **league**: Czech First League
- **season**: 2024–25 Czech First League, 2024–25
- **position**: 7th of 16
- **pattern la1**: _hradeckralove2425h
- **pattern b1**: _hradeckralove2425h
- **pattern ra1**: _hradeckralove2425h
- **leftarm1**: FFFFFF
- **body1**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm1**: FFFFFF
- **shorts1**: FFFFFF
- **socks1**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la2**: _hradeckralove2425a
- **pattern b2**: _hradeckralove2425a
- **pattern ra2**: _hradeckralove2425a
- **leftarm2**: 000000
- **body2**: 000000
- **rightarm2**: 000000
- **shorts2**: 000000
- **socks2**: 000000
Georgi Asparuhov

**Georgi Asparuhov Rangelov** (; 4 May 1943 – 30 June 1971), nicknamed **Gundi**, was a Bulgarian footballer. He was voted the best Bulgarian footballer of the 20th century and Europe's 40th best player of the century. He also finished eighth in the 1965 Ballon d'Or.

On 30 June 1971, he and teammate Nikola Kotkov were killed in a car crash. Levski Sofia's stadium is named after him.

### Club

- Botev Plovdiv
- Bulgarian Cup: 1961–62

- Levski Sofia
- Bulgarian League (3): 1964–65, 1967–68, 1969–70
- Bulgarian Cup (3): 1966–67, 1969–70, 1970–71

### Individual

- Bulgarian League top scorer: 1964–65 <small>(27 goals)</small>
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup top scorer: 1962–63 <small>(6 goals)</small>
- Bulgarian sportsperson of the year: 1965
- Bulgarian footballer of the year: 1965
- Holder of an Order of Labour
- IFFHS Top 100 Best European Players of the 20th Century: 40th place

## Other websites

- Player Profile at levskisofia.info

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Georgi Asparuhov
- **image**: Georgi Asparuhov 1969.jpg
- **caption**: Georgi Asparuhov in 1969
- **birth place**: Sofia, Kingdom of Bulgaria
- **death place**: Vitinya Pass, People's Republic of Bulgaria, PR Bulgaria
- **position**: Forward (association football)#Striker, Striker
- **youthyears1**: 1953–1959
- **youthclubs1**: PFC Levski Sofia, Levski Sofia
- **years1**: 1960–1961
- **years2**: 1961–1963
- **years3**: 1963–1971
- **clubs1**: PFC Levski Sofia, Levski Sofia
- **clubs2**: PFC Botev Plovdiv, Botev Plovdiv
- **clubs3**: PFC Levski Sofia, Levski Sofia
- **caps1**: 23
- **goals1**: 7
- **caps2**: 62
- **goals2**: 35
- **caps3**: 176
- **goals3**: 118
- **totalcaps**: 261
- **totalgoals**: 160
- **nationalyears1**: 1962–1970
- **nationalteam1**: Bulgaria national football team, Bulgaria
- **nationalcaps1**: 49
- **nationalgoals1**: 18
Abdul Rashid Ghazi

**Abdul Rashid Ghazi** (1964 – 2007) was a Pakistani religious scholar, diplomat and activist**.**

He had also worked for the Pakistani government's Education Ministry and for the UNESCO and United Nations.

Later, he became the main preacher at a very important mosque in Islamabad called the Lal Masjid. He was also the head of a large religious school, Jamia Faridia. He led several religious groups in Pakistan.

He was the son of Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi and brother of Abdul Aziz Ghazi.

He was killed during Lal Masjid siege in a fight between his supporters and the Pakistani army in July 2007.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **battles**: Soviet–Afghan War
Lal Masjid siege †


## Infobox (religious biography)

- **name**: Abdul Rashid Ghazi
- **native name lang**: ur
- **caption**: Abdul Rashid Ghazi in c. 2007
- **birth place**: Basti-Abdullah, West Pakistan (present-day Punjab, Pakistan)
- **death place**: Lal Masjid, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- **death cause**: Assassination (gunshot wounds)
- **resting place**: Rojhan, Rajanpur District, Punjab
- **relations**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi (Father)
Muhammad Abdul Aziz (Brother)
Umme Hassan (Sister-in-law)
- **children**: Haroon Rashid Ghazi
Haris Rashid Ghazi
Hamza Rashid Ghazi
- **alma mater**: Quaid-i-Azam University
- **signature**: Moulana ghazi signature.png
- **office2**: Khatib of Lal Masjid
- **occupation**: Diplomat
Islamic scholar
- **religion**: Islam
- **office1**: Chief Executive of Jamia Faridia
- **term start3**: 2001
- **term end3**: 2007
- **term start1**: 1998
- **term end1**: 2007
- **successor2**: Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- **predecessor2**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi
- **term start2**: 1998
- **term end2**: 2007
- **movement**: Deobandi
- **denomination**: Sunni
- **resting place coordinates**: 28°32'49"N   69°47'25"E
- **successor1**: Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- **office3**: Leader of Difa-e-Pakistan Council
- **successor3**: Hamid Ul Haq Haqqani
- **predecessor3**: None (office created)
- **predecessor1**: None (office vacant)
- **office4**: Chairman of Defense of Human Rights Pakistan (DHR)
- **term start4**: 2002
- **term end4**: 2007
- **successor4**: Amina Masood Janjua
- **predecessor4**: None (office created)
Lal Masjid

**The Lal Masjid** (which means "**Red Mosque**") is a large mosque in Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan. It was built in 1965 and is one of the oldest mosques in the city. For twenty years, it was also the biggest mosque in Islamabad, until the Faisal Mosque was built in 1986.

The mosque is in a very central area of the city. It is close to two busy shopping areas, Aabpara Market and Melody Market. It is also not far from the President's and Prime Minister's offices.

The mosque became famous in 2007, when the Pakistan Army surrounded the mosque because of a conflict with its leaders and the students studying there. This led to a fight, and death of hundreds people.

Important leaders of a mosque were from the same family: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi and his two sons, Abdul Rashid Ghazi and Abdul Aziz Ghazi.

## Infobox (religious building)

- **name**: Lal Masjid
- **native name**: Markazi Jāmi Masjid Islamabad

- **religious affiliation**: Islam
- **map type**: Pakistan
- **map size**: 250
- **map caption**: Location in Pakistan
- **location**: Islamabad, Pakistan
- **tradition**: Sunni Islam
- **leadership**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi (1967-1998)

Abdul Rashid Ghazi (1998-2007)

Abdul Aziz Ghazi
- **architect**: Zahir ud Deen Khwaja (1965)

Nayyar Ali Dada (2010)
- **architecture type**: Mosque
- **architecture style**: Islamic architecture#Contemporary architecture, Contemporary Islamic
- **minaret quantity**: 2
- **image size**: 265px
Man-Ape

**Man-Ape** (**M'Baku**) is a fictional character from Marvel Comics, primarily known as one of the adversaries of Black Panther.

## Publication  history

Created by Roy Thomas and John Buscema, the character first appeared in _The Avengers_ #62 (March 1969).

## Fictional character biography

He is typically depicted as a supervillain with a fierce, animalistic persona, often embodying traits associated with gorillas or apes, such as strength and primal instincts. The character has appeared in various comic book storylines and may have different origins depending on the version or interpretation.

## In other media

Man-Ape has made scattered appearances on animated television series and video games while Winston Duke portrays a variation of the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films _Black Panther_ (2018), _Avengers: Infinity War_ (2018), _Avengers: Endgame_ (2019), and _Black Panther: Wakanda Forever_ (2022).
Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi

**Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi** (1935–1998) was a leading Pakistani Islamic scholar. He is best known for being the first prayer leader and preacher of Islamabad's famous Lal Masjid (Red Mosque). He founded and led several important Islamic schools, including Jamia Faridia.

Ghazi was also an important political figure who advised the government on religious laws, helped create Pakistan's Zakat system, and served on several national councils. He was awarded the Sitara-i-Imtiaz, a high civilian award, for his public service.

He was the father of Abdul Rashid Ghazi and Abdul Aziz Ghazi.

He was assassinated by unknown attackers in 1998.

## Infobox (religious biography)

- **name**: **Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi**

- **image**: File:Maulana Muhammad Abdullah.jpg
- **birth date**:
()
- **birth place**: Baluchistan, British Raj
- **death place**: Lal Masjid, Islamabad, Pakistan
- **death date**: ()
- **death cause**: Assassination
- **religion**: Islam
- **nationality**: Pakistani
- **citizenship**: (1935–1947)
 (1947–1998)
- **children**: Abdul Aziz Ghazi
 Abdul Rashid Ghazi
- **office1**: 1st Chancellor of Jamia Faridia
- **term start1**: 1971
- **term end1**: 17 October 1998
- **predecessor1**: _None (office created)_
- **successor1**: Abdul Aziz Ghazi
- **office2**: Chairman of Ruet-e-Hilal Committee
- **term start2**: 1975
- **term end2**: 17 October 1998
- **successor2**: Muneeb-ur-Rehman
- **signature**: Maulana abdullah signature.png
- **signature alt**: maulana abdullah
- **office3**: Imam and Khatib of Lal Masjid
- **successor3**: Abdul Aziz Ghazi (Imam)
Abdul Rashid Ghazi (Khatib)
- **term start3**: 1967
- **term end3**: 17 October 1998
- **predecessor3**: _None (office created)_
- **movement**: Deobandi
- **denomination**: Sunni
- **office4**: Federal Khatib of Islamabad
- **term start4**: 1993
- **term end4**: 17 October 1998
- **successor4**: Vacant
- **predecessor4**: _None (office created)_
- **home town**: Rajanpur
- **caption**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi in c. 1983
Winston Duke

**Winston Duke** (born 15 November 1986) is a Tobagonian-American actor best known for his role as M'Baku in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, particularly in _Black Panther_ (2018) and _Avengers: Infinity War_ (2018), as well as in the Disney+ series _The Falcon and the Winter Soldier_.

He was born on November 15, 1986, in Trinidad and Tobago and later moved to the United States for his education and acting career. Duke has also appeared in other films such as _Us_ (2019) directed by Jordan Peele.
Ghost (Marvel Comics)

**Ghost** is a fictional character appearing in Marvel Comics, primarily known as an antihero and sometimes an adversary to the Avengers.

## Publication history

The character first appeared in _Ant-Man_ #1 in 2015, created by writer Nick Spencer and artist Ramon Rosanas.

## Overview

Ghost's real name is Dr. **Elihas Starr**, a scientist who gains the ability to manipulate his own density, allowing him to become intangible or super-strong by controlling his phase-shifting technology. Originally depicted as a villain, Ghost has evolved into a more complex character, sometimes operating in a morally gray area, often motivated by personal grief or scientific curiosity.

## In other media

There are different versions and iterations of Ghost in Marvel lore, including a female version known as **Ava Starr**, who appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), notably in the film _Ant-Man and the Wasp_ (2018). Ava Starr's powers are based on quantum phase-shifting, and her character is portrayed by Hannah John-Kamen.
Jamia Faridia

****

**Jamia Uloom Al-Islamia Al-Faridia**, commonly known as **Jamia Faridia** is a large and well-known Islamic university in Islamabad, Pakistan, located near the Faisal Mosque.

It is the oldest and biggest school of its kind in the city. Founded in 1971 by Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, the school teaches traditional Islamic subjects like the Quran, Islamic law, and the Arabic language. With about 1,600 students and 95 teachers, it is considered one of the top five Islamic schools in Pakistan and attracts students from across the country and abroad.__

The degrees it offers are officially recognized and are equal to a Master of Arts degree from a standard university. Many of its graduates have become important Islamic scholars and preachers.

Important leaders of a university were from the same family: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi and his two sons, Abdul Rashid Ghazi and Abdul Aziz Ghazi.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Jamia Uloom Al-Islamia Al-Faridia
- **image**: Jamia_Faridia_Main_Campus.jpg
- **caption**: Jamia Faridia's Main Campus with a view of Margalla Hills in the distance.
- **motto**: قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِی الَّذِيْنَ يَعْلَمُوْنَ وَالَّذِيْنَ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
- **mottoeng**: Say: ‘Can those who have knowledge and those who do not be alike?’
- **colours**: Green, white
- **type**: Private university, Private Islamic University
- **founder**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, Abdullah Ghazi
- **religious affiliation**: Sunni Deobandi Islam
- **academic affiliation**: Wifaq ul Madaris, Pakistan
- **faculty**: 95 (Fall 2021)
- **students**: 1,600 (Fall 2021)
- **city**: Sector E-7, Islamabad Capital Territory
- **country**: Pakistan
- **campus**: Urban
- **chancellor**: Abdul Aziz Ghazi
Abdul Aziz Ghazi

**Abdul Aziz Ghazi** (born 10 January 1960) is a Pakistani religious leader. He is the main leader at the Lal Masjid in Islamabad.

The mosque was the center of a major fight between his supporters and the Pakistani army in 2007.

Ghazi is also the head of two important Islamic schools in the city. He is the son of Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi and the older brother of Abdul Rashid Ghazi.

He was arrested in 2007 but was released by Pakistan's Supreme Court in 2009 and found not guilty in 2013.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **battles**: Soviet–Afghan War
Lal Masjid siege


## Infobox (religious biography)

- **name**: Abdul Aziz Ghazi
- **image**: Maulana_Aziz_2013.jpg
- **birth place**: Rajanpur, West Pakistan (present-day Punjab, Pakistan)
- **father**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, Muhammad Abdullah
- **relations**: Abdul Rashid Ghazi (brother)
- **religion**: Islam
- **office1**: Chancellor of Jamia Faridia
- **successor1**: Incumbent
- **predecessor1**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, Muhammad Abdullah
- **term start1**: 1998
- **denomination**: Sunni
- **movement**: Deobandi
- **office2**: Imam and Khatib of Lal Masjid
- **term start2**: 1998
- **predecessor2**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, Muhammad Abdullah (Imam)
Abdul Rashid Ghazi (Khatib)
- **successor2**: Incumbent
- **office3**: Chancellor of Jamia Hafsa
- **term start3**: 1998
- **successor3**: Incumbent
- **predecessor3**: Muhammad Abdullah Ghazi, Muhammad Abdullah
- **spouse**: Umme Hassan
Cube (1997 movie)

***Cube*** is a 1997 Canadian science fiction horror film directed and co-written by Vincenzo Natali.

## Plot

The film centers on seven strangers who wake up trapped in a massive, elaborate labyrinth made of thousands of cube-shaped rooms. Each room has six hatches leading to adjacent rooms, many of which contain deadly traps, such as acid sprays, razor wires, or motion-activated weapons.

The group—which includes a police officer, a math student, an escape artist, and an architect who unknowingly designed the Cube's outer shell—must work together to figure out the Cube's purpose and find an exit. They realize that the rooms move and that the only way to navigate the maze is by using mathematical formulas (involving prime numbers) hidden in the rooms' identification codes.

As the mystery deepens, the psychological tension among the captives rises, with the initial unity breaking down into conflict, paranoia, and violence. The film is known for its low-budget, high-concept style, surreal, industrial setting, and Kafkaesque themes of futility and bureaucratic horror.

## Production

The film was produced on a very low budget (around $350,000 CAD) and was shot in only 21 days using a single 14-foot cube set in Toronto, Ontario, which was redressed and re-lit to create the illusion of thousands of different rooms.

## Reception

Despite a poor initial box office performance in Canada, the film became a major international success, especially in France and Japan, earning over $9 million worldwide and gaining a significant cult following. Cube inspired a franchise, including a sequel, a prequel, and a Japanese remake in 2021.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Cube
- **director**: Vincenzo Natali
- **music**: Mark Korven
- **cinematography**: Derek Rogers
- **editing**: John Sanders
- **studio**: Cube Libre
- **runtime**: 90 minutes
- **country**: Canada
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $350,000 CAD
- **gross**: $9 million