juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ultramarine

**Ultramarine** is a blue pigment, and the name of a blue colour. The pigment is found naturally. It is ground down from a mineral called Lazurite, the main component of lapis lazuli. The colour is due to the presence of S−3 anions (trisulfur).

## Synthetic ultramarine

Synthetic ultramarine is a more vivid blue than natural ultramarine, since the particles in synthetic ultramarine are smaller and more uniform than natural ultramarine and therefore diffuse light more evenly.

Artificial, like natural, ultramarine has a magnificent blue colour. Since it is not affected by light or contact with oil or lime, it is used in painting.

A small addition of zinc-white (zinc oxide) causes the colour to become less vivid (~bright). Synthetic ultramarine, invented in the 1820s, is very cheap. It is largely used for wall painting, the printing of paperhangings and calico. It is also used to correct the yellowish tinge found in things meant to be white, such as linen, paper, etc. Bluing or "laundry blue" is a solution of synthetic ultramarine (sometimes, prussian blue) that is used for this purpose when washing white clothes. Large amounts are used in making paper, especially the kind of pale blue writing paper popular in Britain. During World War I, the RAF painted the outer roundels with a colour based on ultramarine blue. This became BS 108(381C) Aircraft Blue. It was replaced in the 1960s by a new colour based on phthalocyanine blue, BS110(381C) Roundel Blue.

## Comparison of green, teal, blue and ultramarine

|Name|width=100|Color|HEX Code|Red|Green|Blue|Hue|Sat|Lum|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Green|style = "background-color: #008000; color: #ffffff"||#008000|0|128|0|120°|100%|50%|
|Teal|style = "background-color: #008080; color: #ffffff"||#008080|0|128|128|180°|100%|50%|
|Blue|style = "background-color: #0000ff;color: #ffffff"||#0000FF|0|0|255|240°|100%|100%|
|Ultramarine (Electric Ultramarine)|style = "background-color: #3f00ff; color: #ffffff"||#3F00FF|63|0|255|255°|100%|100%|

## Related pages

- List of colors
- Blue
- Indigo
- Navy blue
- Prussian blue
The Last Airbender (video game)

***The Last Airbender*** is a video game for Wii and Nintendo DS. It is based on the movie of the same name. It was released on 29 June 2010 in USA. It was released in Europe on 6 August 2010. It will be released in Australia on September 2010. Like the previous _Avatar_ games, it was developed by THQ Studio Australia and published by THQ.

## Characters

- Aang - Air Nomads
- Zuko - Fire Nations

## Related pages

- The Last Airbender
- Avatar: The Last Airbender
- Avatar: The Last Airbender (video game)

## References

- The Last Airbender - Wii

## Other websites

- Official game page  from THQ.com

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: The Last Airbender
- **developer**: THQ Studio Australia
- **publisher**: THQ
- **genre**: Action game, Action
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Wii, Nintendo DS
Nicktoons Nitro

***Nicktoons Nitro*** is a video game which is a sequel to _Nicktoons Racing_ and _Nicktoons Winners Cup Racing_. It features characters from the TV shows: _SpongeBob SquarePants_, _Danny Phantom_, _The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius_, _The Fairly OddParents_, _Invader Zim_, _Avatar: The Last Airbender_, The game was released in August 2008 as an arcade game by developer Raw Thrills.

## Other websites

- Raw Thrills - Nicktoons Nitro
- News Article

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Nicktoons Nitro
- **developer**: Raw Thrills
- **publisher**: Raw Thrills
- **released**: August 2008
- **genre**: Racing game, Racing
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
- **platforms**: Arcade game, Arcade
Lead carbonate

**Lead carbonate** is a compound composed of lead and carbonate ions. It contains lead in the +2 oxidation state. It is made by mixing lead(II) acetate and carbon dioxide. It does not dissolve in water. It is poisonous because it has lead in it. It produces lead(II) oxide when heated.

## Related pages

- Lead(IV) oxide
- Lead nitrate
- Lead
Lead nitrate

**Lead nitrate** is a chemical compound. It has lead and nitrate ions in it. It was known long ago as **plumb dulcis**. The lead is in the +2 oxidation state.

## Properties

Lead nitrate is a white solid. It is one of the few lead compounds that can dissolve in water. Lead(II) acetate is the other lead compound that can dissolve. It is an oxidizing agent. It crackles when it is heated. It is toxic because it has lead in it.

## Preparation

It is made by dissolving lead, lead(II) oxide, or lead(II) carbonate in nitric acid.

## Uses

It is used to make other lead compounds.

## Related pages

- Lead(II) oxide
- Lead carbonate
Lead(II) acetate

**Lead(II) acetate** is a chemical compound composed of lead and acetate ions. It contains lead in the +2 oxidation state. It is also known as **sugar of lead**, **salt of Saturn**, and **Goulard's powder**. It is used to make other lead compounds. It dissolves in water, although most lead compounds do not. Lead nitrate does though. It is used in cosmetics and testing for hydrogen sulfide. It is toxic because it contains lead.

## Related pages

- Lead(II) nitrate
- Lead carbonate
- Lead(II) oxide
Acetate

**Acetate**, also known as **ethanoate**, is the salt or ester of acetic acid (vinegar). It is also an ion of acetic acid. It is formed when acetic acid dissolves in water (which splits into an acetate anion and a hydron). The chemical formula is  (also written as  or ) when it exists as an ion. Acetate salts turn brown when heated, and smell like acetic acid.

## Acetate esters

Acetate esters have the chemical formula  (where R is an organic group like an alkyl or aryl group). It is made when acetic acid reacts with an alcohol to make an acetic ester and water.

The reaction between acetic acid and ethanol gives ethyl acetate and water:

+ CH<sub>3</sub>OH ⇌  + H<sub>2</sub>O

## Acetate salts

Acetate salts are made when acetic acid reacts with a base (like sodium hydroxide).

The reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide gives sodium acetate and water:

+ NaOH —>  + H<sub>2</sub>O

## Examples

- methyl acetate:
- ethyl acetate:
- sodium acetate:
- potassium acetate:

## Related pages

- Protonation
- Acid
- Formate
- Carboxylate
- Carboxylic acid
Beverly Sills

**Beverly Sills** (May 25, 1929 – July 2, 2007) is an American operatic soprano particularly associated with Italian bel canto and French operas.

## Life and Career

Born **Belle Silverman**, in Brooklyn, New York, as a child prodigy, she began singing on radio shows at the age of three and began formal vocal studies at the age of seven with Estelle Liebling.

She began her professional career in 1947 with touring companies and later joined the New York City Opera in 1955. After singing a wide variety of roles, she obtained her first great success with Douglas Moore's _The Ballad of Baby Doe_ in 1959, and finally achieved international recognition in 1966, with the role of Cleopatra in Handel's _Giulio Cesare_.
This was followed by the much acclaimed Donizetti's Tudor trilogy _Anna Bolena_, _Maria Stuarda_ and _Roberto Devereux_.

This led to her being invited to sing at the Vienna State Opera (1968), La Scala in Milan (1969), the Royal Opera House in London (1970), and finally at the Metropolitan Opera in New York in 1975.

Other notable roles have included; _I Capuleti e Montecchi_, _I puritani_, _Lucia di Lammermoor_, _La traviata_, _Les contes d'Hoffmann_, _Manon_ and _Thais_.

She retired from the stage in 1980, and took on the direction of the New York City Opera until 1989.

Sills died in New York City, of lung cancer.
Car battery

A **car battery** or **automotive battery** is a rechargeable battery which is used to start a car. The battery is used to start the motor. After that, the motor operates a generator to charge the battery. Most are lead acid batteries, although some electric cars can have other batteries. Car batteries can be replaced and recycled when they cannot be recharged anymore.

They are used to power important electrical components and stabilize the voltage that keeps the engine running by converting chemical energy into electrical energy.

All the electrical accessories in a car are controlled and powered by an alternator which converts some of the engines mechanical energy into electrical energy. The alternator charges the internal battery of the car. The alternator is powered by the timing belt which only moves once the car is started and therefore it cannot be used to start the car and that is why a battery is needed. The alternator works with a timing belt that rests on a pulley attached to the alternator that moves once the car is started. When the timing belt spins the pulley, it turns a rotator shaft attached to the pulley which spins magnets around a coil. The spinning magnets create alternating current around the coil. That is directed to the  rectifier which changes it into direct current. That is used to power the car and its electrical systems.

The cars internal computer, also know as the Electric Control Unit (ECU) decides the fuel injection, exhaust system requirements and throttle response. For petrol engines it also can control the spark plug timing to ignite the mixture of air and fuel in the cylinder. It is primarily powered by the alternator but before the car is started, it must be powered by the battery as it decides the fuel injection and spark timing which are one of the key factors in getting a car started. The internal battery of the car also works as a surge protector, protecting the ECU from AC voltage spikes that typically last from 1 to 30 microseconds and can reach over 1,000 volts.

## Related pages

- Table of batteries
- Sealed lead acid battery
Barium sulfate

**Barium sulfate** is a chemical compound composed of barium and sulfate ions. It contains barium in the +2 oxidation state, as in all barium compounds. It does not dissolve in water. If it did, it would be very toxic. It is used in X-rays of the stomach and intestines to see whether there is a problem with them. Its chemical formula is BaSO<sub>4</sub>.

## Related pages

- Barium
- Calcium, a similar element
- Strontium
Jetix

**Jetix** is a TV brand owned by Walt Disney. It existed from 2004 to 2010 worldwide. The brand was started in the United States in February 2004. It was retired in most countries in 2009. In the Netherlands, it was retired in January. In Russia, it was retired in August 2010.

## Other services

**Jetix Play** started on various European channels replacing **Fox Kids Play**. It aired mainly pre-school shows. The brand was retired in most countries in August 2010. It was not rebranded in Romania until March 2011. In most countries it was replaced by Playhouse Disney. In the United Kingdom and Russia, it had no replacement.

**Jetix Action Block** started in Spain in 2007 as a block on Star One. The block aired mainly shows which aired on the main Jetix channel. The block was discontinued in both regions in 2010.

**Jetix +1** was a timeshift service in the United Kingdom and Italy. It aired shows which aired an hour earlier on the main channel.

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Jetix
- **logo**: Jetix logo.png
- **logo size**: 212px
- **launch date**: (as a programming block)

(as a channel)
- **closed date**: (programming block in the US)
 (as channel)
 (as Jetix Play)
- **parent**: The Walt Disney Company
- **type**: Children's television network
- **country**: United States
Netherlands
Argentina
- **area**: Worldwide
- **tv stations**: Jetix Play (#Jetix Play, see below)
- **replaced**: Fox Kids (Europe, Latin America)
- **replaced by**: Disney XD or Disney Channel
(#List of versions, see table)
- **former names**: Fox Kids
- **website**: (Europe)
  (Latin America)
- **headquarters**: Burbank, California, Burbank, California (US programming block)
Buenos Aires, Argentina (Disney XD (Latin American TV channel), Latin American channel)
Hilversum, Netherlands (European and MENA channels)
- **language**: available in over 20 languages
- **picture format**: 576i (SDTV)
- **timeshift service**: Jetix +1 (United Kingdom and Italy)
- **founded**: January 2004
Anne of the Thousand Days

***Anne of the Thousand Days*** is a British-American movie, produced by Hal Wallis and directed by Charles Jarrott, written by Bridget Bolan, John Hale and Richard Sokolove, after Maxwell Anderson's 1948 play of the same name. The movie was released by Universal Studios on December 18, 1969.

## Plot

It relates the love affair of King Henry VIII of England and Anne Boleyn, which led to the king's divorce from his first wife Queen Catherine of Aragon, and the break of England from the Church of Rome. When Anne fails to give a male heir to the throne, the king turns against her and has her executed (killed).

## Principal characters

- King Henry VIII - Richard Burton
- Anne Boleyn - Geneviève Bujold
- Catherine of Aragon - Irene Papas
- Cardinal Wolsey - Anthony Quayle
- Thomas Cromwell - John Colicos

## Commentary

The movie won an Academy Award for best costumes. Geneviève Bujold and Charles Jarrott won the Golden Globe Award for best actress and best director respectively.
Dpkg

**dpkg** is the name of a computer package management system. It is the primary package manager of the Debian GNU/Linux operating system. It was written in the C programming language, and started in 1993.
Package management system

A **package management** system keeps track of information about software packages: what files go where, and which package owns that file, therefore behaving like a phone directory. Examples of package management systems for Linux include dpkg, rpm and emerge. In Microsoft Windows, "Add/Remove Programs"/"Programs and Features" are like package managers, but use no format (it leaves it up to the program).
Molde FK

**Molde FK** is a football club from Norway. It was formed in 1911. They have won the Norwegian FA Cup two times.
Christian Gauseth

**Christian Gauseth** (born 26 June 1984) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He played for 1. divisjon sides Molde, Bryne, Alta and Mjøndalen.

### Club

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|National Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|Molde|2007|rowspan="1"|1. divisjon|24|2|0|0|-|24|2|
|rowspan="3"|Bryne|2008|rowspan="2"|1. divisjon|26|2|0|0|-|26|2|
|2009|19|1|2|1|-|21|2|||||
|rowspan="4"|Alta|2010|rowspan="3"|1. divisjon|24|5|2|0|-|26|5|
|2011|27|2|4|0|-|31|2|||||
|2012|9|0|0|0|-|9|0|||||
|rowspan="10"|Mjøndalen|2013|rowspan="2"|1. divisjon|26|2|4|1|-|30|3|
|2014|26|7|3|2|-|29|9|||||
|2015|rowspan="1"|Tippeligaen|28|4|4|2|-|32|6|||
|2016|rowspan="3"|OBOS-ligaen|26|6|1|0|-|27|6|||
|2017|18|1|3|1|-|21|2|||||
|2018|29|4|3|0|-|32|4|||||
|2019|rowspan="3"|Eliteserien|23|5|2|0|-|25|5|||
|2020|18|1|0|0|-|18|1|||||
|2021|12|0|1|0|-|13|0|||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Christian Gauseth
- **image**: Christian Gauseth 2.JPG
- **fullname**: Christian Gauseth
- **birth place**: Molde, Norway
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 2007
- **clubs1**: Molde FK, Molde
- **caps1**: 24
- **goals1**: 2
- **years2**: 2008–2009
- **clubs2**: Bryne FK, Bryne
- **caps2**: 45
- **goals2**: 3
- **years3**: 2010–2012
- **clubs3**: Alta IF, Alta
- **caps3**: 60
- **goals3**: 7
- **years4**: 2013–2021
- **clubs4**: Mjøndalen IF Fotball, Mjøndalen
- **caps4**: 206
- **goals4**: 30
Invasive species

An **invasive species** is a species which is not native  to the place where it is found. It has moved from its native area, where it grew naturally, into a new area. Often it becomes a nuisance species, because in its new habitat it lacks its old enemies. Normally, as a species evolves, so do the things which eat it or parasitise it. Free of natural restraints, the invading species outcompetes its new neighbours.

Kudzu, for example, is called "The weed which ate the South" because it went out of control in the southern United States. The introduction of starlings to North America is another example.

Natural events sometimes allow species to invade new places, as in the Great American Interchange.

## The sparrow in North America

The house sparrow, _Passer domesticus_, native to Europe and Asia, has been introduced to North and South America and Australia.

It was introduced deliberately to the U.S.A. in the late 19th century by Eugene Schieffelin. He wanted to introduce to America all the birds mentioned in the works of Shakespeare. Two of these species were great successes: starlings and house sparrows. He organized a society for the importation of foreign birds, incorporated in Albany.

## Related pages

- Introduced species
Habitat destruction

**Habitat destruction** is when a habitat is no longer able to support the plants, animals, or other organisms that live in it. When this happens, the organisms could die. Some might move to other places.

Habitat loss can happen naturally. Wildfires can destroy plants that animals need to live in or to eat. Lava flows from volcanoes can do the same thing.

Habitat loss can also be caused by the actions of people. For example, when trees are cut down, birds who nested in the trees can no longer live there. Clearing grassland to make habitats for people can take away habitat for other animals. Some natural habitats are protected by laws, for example National parks.
Torpsbruk

**Torpsbruk** is a locality in Alvesta Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden.  In 2005, 354 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Torpsbruk
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Alvesta Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Kronoberg County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Småland
- **area total km2**: 0.66
- **population as of**: 2005-12-31
- **population total**: 354
- **population density km2**: 538
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Divorce (movie)

***Divorce*** is a 1945 drama movie. It is about a woman who has divorced many times. She sets her sights on her married childhood friend. It stars Kay Francis, Bruce Cabot, and Helen Mack.

## Cast

- Kay Francis as Diane Carter
- Bruce Cabot as Bob Phillips
- Helen Mack as Martha Phillips
- Jerome Cowan as Jim Driscoll
- Craig Reynolds as Bill Endicott
- Ruth Lee as Liz Smith
- Jean Fenwick as June Endicott
- Mary Gordon as Ellen
- Larry Olsen as Michael Phillips
- Johnny Calkins as Robby Phillips
- Jonathan Hale as Judge Conlon
- Addison Richards as Plummer
- Leonard Mudie as Harvey Hicks
- Reid Kilpatrick as Dr. Andy Cole
- Virginia Wave as Secretary

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Divorce
- **director**: William Nigh
- **producer**: Jeffrey Bernerd
Kay Francis
- **writer**: Sidney Sutherland (story and screenplay)
Harvey Gates (screenplay)
- **starring**: Kay Francis
Bruce Cabot
Helen Mack
- **studio**: Monogram Pictures
- **distributor**: RKO Radio Pictures
- **released**: August 18, 1945
- **runtime**: 71 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Shame (Alvtegen novel)

***Shame*** is a novel by Swedish crime-writer Karin Alvtegen. It was shortlisted for the Duncan Lawrie International Dagger award for crime novels in translation, and was translated into English by Steven T. Murray in 2006. The novel was originally published in Sweden in 2005.

## Other websites

- Publisher's page for the novel

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Shame
- **title orig**: Skam
- **translator**: Steven T. Murray
- **author**: Karin Alvtegen
- **country**: Sweden
- **language**: Swedish language, Swedish
- **genre**: Crime novel
- **publisher**: Canongate Books, Canongate (UK)
- **release date**: 2005
- **english release date**: August 2006 (UK)
- **media type**: Print (paperback)
- **isbn**: 1-84195-747-X
- **congress**: PT9876.1.L92 S5313 2006
- **oclc**: 69732948
James Maritato

**James Maritato** (born March 12, 1972) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under the ring names **Little Guido** and **Nunzio**. He is a former two-time ECW World Tag Team Champion, and a two-time WWE Cruiserweight Champion.

## Championships

- **Chaotic Wrestling**
    - CW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Luis Ortiz
- **East Coast Pro Wrestling**
    - ECPW Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
    - ECPW Hall of Fame (Class of 2009)
- **Extreme Championship Wrestling**
    - ECW World Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Tony Mamaluke (1 time) and Tracy Smothers (1 time)
- **Impact Championship Wrestling**
    - ICW Hip Swivel Towel Championship (1 time)
- **Jersey All Pro Wrestling**
    - JAPW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Tracy Smothers
- ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
    - Ranked No. 79 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2003
- **USA Pro Wrestling**
    - USA Pro Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Rahul Kay (1) and Kid Kruel (1)
    - USA Pro United States Championship (1 time)
- **World Wrestling Entertainment**
    - WWE Cruiserweight Championship (2 times)

## Other websites

- Nunzio's profile at WWE.com (archived)

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **name**: James Maritato
- **image**: JamesMaritato2010.png
- **caption**: Nunzio in 2010
- **names**: Damien Stone
Guido Maritato
**James Maritato**
James Stone
Jeff the Killer
Little Guido
Little Guido Maritato
**Nunzio**
Tony Broadway
- **height**: 5 ft 7 in
- **weight**: 170 lb
- **birth place**: Howard Beach, Queens, New York City, U.S.
- **billed**: **Rockland County, New York**
Little Italy, New York City
Italy
- **trainer**: Billy Robinson
- **debut**: 1991
The Legend of Korra

***The Legend of Korra*** is an American animated television series aired on Nickelodeon. It follows an eponymous female Avatar and a native to the water tribe, attempting to bring peace to the world during the cycle. Unlike _Avatar: The Last Airbender_, the sequel is set in Republic City, a place where people of all nations, benders and non-benders, live together. The city depicts crime and is rattled by an anti-bender revolt, which serve as challenges for each characters.

## Cast and characters

|colspan=2|Main cast|
| --- | --- |
|Janet Varney|Korra|
|David Faustino|Mako|
|P. J. Byrne|Bolin|
|J. K. Simmons|Tenzin|
|Seychelle Gabriel|Asami Sato|
|Mindy Sterling|Lin Beifong|
|Kiernan Shipka|Jinora|
|Dee Bradley Baker|Naga, Pabu, Oogi|
|Clancy Brown|Yakone|

## Storyline

_The Last Airbender: Legend of Korra_ takes place 70 years after _Avatar: The Last Airbender_. Korra is the next Avatar after Aang, a rebellious girl who is hotheaded, independent and "ready to take on the world". Korra comes from the Southern Water Tribe, and has already mastered Earth, Fire, and Water. Aang and Katara's son Tenzin is her Airbending teacher.

One of the story's settings is Republic City, a "metropolis powered by steam-type technology", "inhabited by people from all four nations". Here Korra must deal with rampant crime and an anti-bender revolt. Mike and Bryan have said that the world of Avatar has "definitely changed, and evolved, and advanced, but we're very conscious of keeping the same feeling. Not totally different, but it's definitely generations later."

## Series end

The Legend of Korra finally came to an end after four short seasons, with each season averaging twelve episodes. Even during production with inner conflict inside Nickelodeon, which pushed the creators jump from TV to strictly online; came part way through the series. Whether or not the jump alienated fans or gained more viewers is unknown, but it was an interesting move nonetheless. The series finale occurred on December 19, 2014.

## Related pages

- Avatar: The Last Airbender

## Infobox (infobox)

- **decat**: yes
- **child**: yes
- **label1**: Animation
services
- **data1**: Studio Mir
Pierrot (company), Pierrot


## Infobox (television)

- **alt name**: Avatar: The Legend of Korra
- **composer**: Jeremy Zuckerman
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 4
- **num episodes**: 52
- **list episodes**: List of The Legend of Korra episodes
- **runtime**: 23 minutes (original)
- **company**: Nickelodeon Animation Studio
- **network**: Nickelodeon
<small>(2012–2014)</small>
Nick.com#Videos and episodes, Nick.com
<small>(2014)</small>
Gordon Campbell

**Gordon Muir Campbell**, OBC, (born January 12, 1948 in Vancouver, British Columbia) was the 34th Premier of British Columbia. Campbell was also the 41st mayor of Vancouver.

On November 3, 2010, Campbell announced that he would resign as the Premier of British Columbia.

Campbell was born to in Vancouver to Charles Gordon Campbell (a doctor and an assistant dean of medicine at The University of British Columbia) and Peg Campbell (a kindergarten assistant). When Campbell was 6, his father committed suicide and he was raised by his mother with 3 siblings.

In January of 2003, He was arrested and pled no contest for driving under the influence of alcohol while vacationing in Hawaii. He was fined 913 US dollars and the court ordered him to take part in a substance abuse program, and to be assessed for alcoholism. His mugshot was released by the Hawaiian police and it is commonly used in attack ads.

## Other websites

- Biography of Gordon Campbell

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gordon Campbell
- **image**: Gordon Campbell.jpg
- **office**: High Commissioner to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- **primeminister**: Stephen Harper
- **term start**: September 15, 2011
- **predecessor**: James R. Wright
- **office1**: 34th Premier of British Columbia
- **term start1**: June 5, 2001
- **term end1**: March 14, 2011
- **predecessor1**: Ujjal Dosanjh
- **successor1**: Christy Clark
- **office2**: Leader of the Opposition in British Columbia
- **term start2**: 1994
- **term end2**: 2001
- **premier2**: Mike Harcourt
Glen Clark
Dan Miller
Ujjal Dosanjh
- **preceded2**: Fred Gingell (acting)
- **succeeded2**: Joy MacPhail
- **office3**: MLA for Vancouver-Point Grey
- **term start3**: 1996
- **term end3**: 2011
- **predecessor3**: Darlene Marzari
- **successor3**: Christy Clark
- **office4**: 35th Mayor of Vancouver
- **term start4**: 1986
- **term end4**: 1993
- **predecessor4**: Michael Harcourt
- **successor4**: Philip Owen
- **birthname**: Gordon Muir Campbell
- **birth place**: Vancouver, British Columbia
- **party**: British Columbia Liberal Party
- **spouse**: Nancy _née_ Chipperfield
- **children**: Nicholas Campbell
 Geoffrey Campbell
- **alma mater**: Dartmouth College
Simon Fraser University
- **signature**: Gordon Campbell Signature.svg
Noah Ringer

**Noah Andrew Ringer** (born November 18, 1996) is an American actor. He starred as ang in the movie _The Last Airbender_. He was discovered in an open casting call for _Airbender_ in Texas. He was in the film _Cowboys & Aliens_ as Emmett.

## Life and career

Ringer is a young taekwondo practitioner who was born and raised in Dallas, Texas. At age 12, he achieved a first-degree black belt rank with the American Taekwondo Association and is proficient with a variety of Eastern weapons. He is part of a taekwondo club, from which he heard about Paramount Pictures' open casting call to play Aang. For his audition, he sent in a homemade video that depicted him showing off his skills in martial arts. After being signed for The Last Airbender movie, he joined the Creative Artists Agency.

Ringer attended the 2010 Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards on March 27 with his _Airbender_ cast mates Nicola Peltz, Dev Patel, and Jackson Rathbone to debut the new TV spot for the film. He watched Nicola Peltz and Jackson Rathbone perform "Slimebending". While on site, he was interviewed by the Los Angeles Times about the movie.

## Filmography

|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Year|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Film|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Role|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2010|The Last Airbender|Aang||||||
|2011|Cowboys & Aliens|Emmett||||||

## Other websites

- "Shyamalan Casts The Last Airbender" - SFLuxe
- http://noah-ringer.com/

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Noah Ringer
- **image**: Noah Ringer.jpg
- **birthname**: Noah Andrew Ringer
- **birth place**: Dallas, Texas, Dallas, Texas, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 2010–present
Nicola Peltz

**Nicola Peltz** (born January 9, 1995) is an American actress. She played Katara in the 2010 movie _The Last Airbender_, directed by M. Night Shyamalan.

## Life and career

Peltz was born in Westchester County, New York, the daughter of billionaire businessman Nelson Peltz. She has four older brothers, two younger brothers, and a sister. When she was younger, she attended Rye Country Day School in Rye, New York and from there went to Windward School in White Plains, New York. Her most recent school is the Professional Children's School in Manhattan, New York.

She played Katara in the movie _The Last Airbender_. She was also in the 2006 movie _Deck the Halls_, playing Mackenzie, and _Harold_ in 2008, where she was cast as Becki. She made a brief appearance in Miley Cyrus's "7 Things" music video. On 27 March 2010, she made an appearance at the Kids Choice Awards 2010 on Nickelodeon, and also appeared at the 2010 MTV Movie Awards, along with _The Last Airbender_ co-star Jackson Rathbone, to present a trailer for _The Last Airbender_.

## Filmography

|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Year|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Movie|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Role|style="background:#B0C3DE;"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2006|Deck the Halls|Mackenzie||||||
|2008|Harold|Becki||||||
|2008|Righteous Kill|Lynn||||||
|2010|The Last Airbender|Katara||||||
|2014|Transformers 4|Tessa||||||

## Other websites

- Miss Nicola Peltz , The Official Fansite of Nicola Peltz

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nicola Peltz
- **image**: Nicola Peltz 2012.jpg
- **caption**: Nicola Peltz, 2012
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 2006–present
Norma (opera)

***Norma*** is an Italian opera in two acts. The music was composed by Vincenzo Bellini. The libretto is by Felice Romani.The opera was first performed at La Scala in Milan, on December 26, 1831. The work was based on Louis Alexandre Soumet's play _Norma ou l'infanticide_. _Norma_ is Bellini's masterpiece and one of the finest bel canto operas. The title role is one of the most demanding in the entire Italian repertoire. Sopranos Maria Callas, Joan Sutherland, and Montserrat Caballé have been amongst the best exponents of the role.

## Principal roles

- Norma – soprano
- Adalgisa – mezzo-soprano
- Pollione – tenor
- Oroveso – bass

## Sources

- _The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta_, James Anderson, Wings Books, 1989.
Impact crater

**Impact craters** are craters formed by meteorites or comets striking the Earth or other solid body.  There is a system for recording and assessing craters.

## Largest craters on Earth

The five largest _confirmed_ impact structures are:
1. Vredefort crater, South Africa: 160 km diameter, 2023 million years ago.
1. Chicxulub crater, Mexico: 150 km diameter, 65 million years ago.
1. Sudbury Basin, Ontario, Canada: 130 km diameter, 1850 million years ago.
1. Popigai crater, Russia: 90 km diameter, 35.7 million years ago.
1. Acraman crater, 90 km diameter, South Australia, ~590 mya.
1. Manicouagan crater, Quebec, Canada: 70 km diameter, 214 million years ago.
There are some other suggested impact structures which are larger. It is a feature of the Earth that climate, weathering and plate tectonics removes most of the older features and events. In comparison, the Moon retains a nearly complete record of its past impact events. The implication is that the Earth once suffered a similar bombardment in its early history. This period is known as the Late Heavy Bombardment, because it occurred after the Moon was (presumably) knocked from the Earth.

### Largest unconfirmed craters

1. Australian impact structure: Northern Territory/South Australia, Australia: multiple rings 600 km, 545 million years ago at the Neoproterozoic/Cambrian boundary. Two massive impacts were responsible.
1. Shiva crater, Indian Ocean, west of India: ~600 km length, 400 km width, 65 million years ago. Obviously this is of high interest, because of the date.
1. Wilkes Land crater, Antarctica: 485 km. 250–500 mya.
1. Nastapoka arc, Nunavut/Quebec, Canada: 450 km. unknown
1. Ishim impact structure, Kazakhstan: 300 km. 430–460 mya.
1. Bedout, off-shore of Western Australia: 250 km, 250 mya.

### Largest named craters in the Solar System

1. North Polar Basin/Borealis Basin (disputed) – Mars – Diameter: 10,600 km
1. South Pole–Aitken basin – Moon – Diameter: 2,500 km
1. Hellas Basin – Mars – Diameter: 2,100 km

1. Caloris Basin – Mercury – Diameter: 1,550 km
1. Imbrium Basin – Moon – Diameter: 1,100 km

## Identifying impact craters

The distinctive mark of an impact crater is the presence of rock which has undergone shock-metamorphic effects, shattered or melted rocks, and crystal deformations. Examples:
- A layer of shattered rock under the floor of the crater. This layer is called a 'breccia lens'.
- Shatter cones, which are chevron-shaped impressions in rocks. Such cones are formed most easily in fine-grained rocks.
- High-temperature rock types, including laminated and welded blocks of sand, tektites, or glassy spatters of molten rock. They may have relatively large amounts of trace elements that are associated with meteorites, such as nickel, platinum, iridium, and cobalt.
- Microscopic pressure deformations of minerals. These include fracture patterns in crystals of quartz and feldspar, and formation of high-pressure materials such as diamond, derived from graphite and other carbon compounds, or varieties of shocked quartz.
Pihlajavesi (Saimaa)

**Pihlajavesi** is a lake in Finland.  The area of the lake is 712.59 km², making it the sixth largest lake in the country.  Pihlajavesi is the second-largest basin in the complex Saimaa lake system.  Pihlajavesi lacks large open lake areas but has more islands than any other lake in Finland.

## Infobox (_lake)

- **lake name**: Pihlajavesi
- **image lake**: Olavinlinna - Näkymä ikkunasta Sk18 C.jpg
- **basin countries**: Finland
- **area**: 712.59 km²
- **elevation**: 75.7 m
- **cities**: Punkaharju, Savonlinna, Sulkava
All My Loving

"**All My Loving**" is a song by The Beatles, written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney), from the 1963 album _With the Beatles_.

## Writing

According to journalist Bill Harry, McCartney wrote the lyrics while shaving, but McCartney told biographer Barry Miles that he wrote them while on a tour bus. He also said, "It was the first song I'd ever written the words first. I never wrote words first, it was always some kind of accompaniment. I've hardly ever done it since either." The lyrics follow the "letter song" model as used on "P.S. I Love You", the B-side of their first single.

Lennon showed his love for the song in his 1980 _Playboy_ interview:

## Personnel

- Paul McCartney – double-tracked vocal, bass
- John Lennon – backing vocal, rhythm guitar
- George Harrison – backing vocal, lead guitar
- Ringo Starr – drums
- George Martin – producer
- Norman Smith – engineer
- Personnel per Ian MacDonald

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: All My Loving
- **artist**: The Beatles
- **album**: With the Beatles
- **released**: 22 November 1963
- **recorded**: 30 July 1963
- **genre**: Rock and roll
- **length**: 2:04
2:07 (untrimmed stereo version)
- **label**: Parlophone
- **writer**: Lennon/McCartney
- **producer**: George Martin
Scott McLeod

**Scott McLeod** is a British bassist who was a member of The Ya Ya's and briefly a member of Oasis in 1995 when Paul McGuigan quit the band citing exhaustion after a long time touring. McLeod appeared in the music video for "Wonderwall" and began a tour with the band of the United States.  He quit after a show in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which resulted in rhythm guitarist Bonehead playing bass for a while.

Weeks later, McLeod contacted Oasis lead guitarist Noel Gallagher claiming he felt he had made the wrong decision. Gallagher replied: "I think you have too. Good luck signing on."
(What's the Story) Morning Glory?

***(What's the Story) Morning Glory?*** is the second album by the rock band Oasis. It was released in October 1995. The album was Oasis's highest selling album. It charted number one in the United Kingdom (staying there for 10 weeks) and number four in the U.S. The album sold 346,000 copies in its first week in the United Kingdom. It has sold around 23 million copies worldwide, but several sources say that it has sold over 30 million. It is the third biggest-selling album in UK chart history (with 4.4 million copies sold). The album was the second biggest selling album for both 1995 and 1996 in the UK. It became the biggest selling album of the decade. The album has gone 4× platinum (3.9 million copies) in the United States.

Album singles "Some Might Say", "Roll with It", "Wonderwall" and "Don't Look Back in Anger" were big hits in the UK, with "Some Might Say" and "Don't Look Back in Anger" both reaching the number one spot in the UK singles chart. "Wonderwall" and "Champagne Supernova" both reached #1 on the U.S. Modern Rock Tracks chart. They would go on to be certified gold in the United States. whilst "Wonderwall" also was at the top of the Australian ARIA charts. The album won Best British Album at the 1996 BRIT Awards, and won the BRIT Award for the best British Album of the last 30 Years at the 2010 BRIT Awards.

## Chart positions

|Year|Chart|Peak|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1995|UK Albums Chart|1|
|1995|U.S. _Billboard_ 200|4|
|1996|Australian ARIA Albums Chart|1|
|1996|New Zealand Albums Chart|1|
|1996|Spanish Albums Chart|1|

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: (What's the Story) Morning Glory?
- **type**: Studio
- **artist**: Oasis (band), Oasis
- **border**: yes
- **recorded**: March 1995, May–June 1995
- **studio**: Rockfield Studios, Monmouth, Wales
- **genre**: * Britpop
* rock music, rock
- **length**: 50:06
- **label**: Creation Records, Creation
- **prev title**: Definitely Maybe
- **prev year**: 1994
- **next title**: Be Here Now (album), Be Here Now
- **next year**: 1997
Ö3 Austria Top 40

**Ö3 Austria Top 40** is the name of the official Austrian singles chart, as well as the radio show which presents it.  The show airs Fridays on Hitradio Ö3. The show presents the Austrian singles, ringtones and downloads chart.  It premiered on 26 November 1968 as _Disc Parade_ and was presented by Ernst Grissemann.  The show has had other names and other presenters, as detailed below.

The weekly number-ones are released by Musikmarkt and go TV.

## Chart statistics

The first number-one single was "Das ist die Frage aller Fragen" by Cliff Richard. The most successful single is "Candle in the Wind 1997" by Elton John.  The most successful Austrian single is "Anton aus Tirol" by DJ Ötzi. The artists with the most number-one hits since 1980 are Rainhard Fendrich and Christina Stürmer.

## Presenters

Between 1968 and 2007, the names of the show were _Disc Parade_, _Die Großen 10 von Ö3_, _Pop Shop_, _Hit wähl mit_, _Die Großen 10_, _Ö3 Top-30_ and _Ö3 Austria Top 40_.

### _Disc Parade_

- Ernst Grissemann
- Rudi Klausnitzer

### _Die Großen 10 von Ö3_

- Rudi Klausnitzer
- Hans Leitinger

### _Pop Shop_

- Hans Leitinger

### _Hit wähl mit_

- Hans Leitinger
- Udo Huber

### _Die Großen 10_

- Udo Huber

### _Ö3 Top-30_

- Udo Huber

### _Ö3 Austria Top 40_

- Udo Huber
- Martina Kaiser
- Matthias Euler-Rolle
- Gustav Götz

## Other websites

- Official Austrian singles chart
- Ö3 Austria Top 75
- Austrian chart archive
Liam Gallagher

**William John Paul "Liam" Gallagher** (born 21 September 1972) is a British musician and songwriter. Gallagher is best known as a singer in the rock band Oasis alongside his older brother Noel before the band broke up in 2009. Gallagher later formed a new band called Beady Eye. Former Oasis members Gem Archer, Andy Bell and Chris Sharrock were also in the new band. Beady Eye broke up in 2014.

In 2010, Gallagher was selected as "best frontman" by reader's of Q magazine.

Since 2017, Gallagher has pursued a solo career.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Liam Gallagher
- **img**: Liam Gallagher.jpg
- **birth name**: William John Paul Gallagher
- **birth place**: Burnage, Manchester, England
- **genre**: * Britpop
* Rock music, Rock
* Pop music, Pop
* Psychedelic music, Psychedelic
* Punk music, Punk
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter, fashion producer
- **years active**: 1991 – present
- **instrument**: Vocals, guitar, tambourine
- **label**: Creation Records
Big Brother (records), Big Brother Records
Epic Records
- **associated acts**: Oasis (band), Oasis, Beady Eye, The Rain
- **url**: http://www.liamgallagher.com
12-inch single

The **12-inch single** (often called **"12"**) is a type of gramophone record that has a wider groove compared to other types of records. This allows better sound quality. This record type is used a lot in disco and dance music genres, where DJs use them to play in discos or clubs. They are usually played at 45 RPM, which allows for improved quality.
Korean Grand Prix

The **Korean Grand Prix** is a planned Formula One race to be held in South Korea. On 2 October 2006 it was announced that the event would take place in . The race would be hosted by the Korean International Circuit. The circuit was to be built between 2007 and July 2010. The Korean International Circuit has a seven year deal to host the race. After the seven years, they have an option to host the race for another five years.

After the approval of funding for the event, Korea was given the date of 17 October on the 2010 calendar published by the FIA. On 10 December 2009, the organisers of the event announced that they were on schedule. They plan to be finished with the circuit on 5 July 2010. They admitted their largest problem is finding accommodations for all of the Formula One staff and spectators. Despite the confirmation, there is still a chance that the circuit might not be ready on time. The race promoter said that the circuit was ahead of schedule.

The first Korean Grand Prix will run as scheduled. The Korean International Circuit passed its inspection on 12 October.

### Multiple winners (drivers)

|Wins|Driver|Years won|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Sebastian Vettel|2011, 2012, 2013||

### Multiple winners (constructors)

|Wins|Constructor|Years won|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Red Bull|2011, 2012, 2013||

### By year

|Year|Race title|Driver|Constructor|Track|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Korean Grand Prix|Fernando Alonso|Ferrari|Korean International Circuit||
|Korean Grand Prix|Sebastian Vettel|Red Bull-Renault|Korean International Circuit||
|Korean Grand Prix|Sebastian Vettel|Red Bull-Renault|Korean International Circuit||
|Korean Grand Prix|Sebastian Vettel|Red Bull-Renault|Korean International Circuit||

## Infobox (f1 race)

- **name**: Korean Grand Prix
- **flag**: Flag of South Korea.svg
- **circuit**: Korean International Circuit
- **circuit image**: Korea international circuit v2.svg
- **laps**: 55
- **circuit length km**: 5.615
- **race length km**: 308.630
- **lap record qualifying**: 1:35.585
- **year q record**: 2010
- **driver q record**: Sebastian Vettel
- **constructor q record**: Red Bull-Renault
- **lap record race**: 1:39.605
- **year r record**: 2011
- **driver r record**: Sebastian Vettel
- **constructor r record**: Red Bull-Renault
Sodium sulfate

**Sodium sulfate**, also known as **Glauber's salt** (in its decahydrate form), is a chemical compound made of sodium and sulfate ions. It is a bitter-tasting white solid. It is made by a neutralization reaction between sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. The sodium ions are in the oxidation state of +1. It is used to make detergents and paper making. Its pH is neutral.

## Related pages

- Sulfite
- Acid
- Base
Sulfite

A **sulfite** is an ion that is made of one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms. Its chemical formula is . Sulfite is made when sulfurous acid (a solution of sulfur dioxide in water) or bisulfite is deprotonated.

Salts containing the sulfite ion are called sulfites. Sodium sulfite is an example. Sulfites are weak reducing agents; they can be oxidized to sulfates. They are used to preserve dried food. Some people have allergies to sulfite in food, and it makes them sick. It contains sulfur in the +4 oxidation state.

## Related pages

- Sulfate
- Sulfur
Sulfurous acid

**Sulfurous acid** is a weak acid with the chemical formula . It is produced by dissolving sulfur dioxide in water. Bases deprotonate (remove the hydrogen ion) it to produce sulfites. It tends to turn back into sulfur dioxide and water again. It is a weak reducing agent.

Sulfurous acid has two tautomers, or chemical structures that easily change into each other. One is the  form, and the other is a sulfonic acid, . The bisulfite ion, when sulfurous acid loses only one hydrogen atom, has the shape of the sulfonic acid tautomer.

## Related pages

- Sulfuric acid
- Sulfate
- Sulfur
Sodium sulfite

**Sodium sulfite** is a chemical compound. White odorless powder. Density 2.633 g / cm3. It is moderately toxic.

It is made of sodium and sulfite ions. It is one of the sulfites used to preserve dried food. It is used to remove chlorine from pools. It reacts with acids to produce sulfur dioxide. It is a weak reducing agent. When it is oxidized, it is converted to sodium sulfate. Its chemical formula is Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>.

## Related pages

- Sulfate
- Sulfuric acid
- Sulfurous acid
Silver oxide

When silver is oxidized, it can form different compounds. The most common ones are:
- Silver(I) oxide
- Silver(I,III) oxide
Bargh Shiraz F.C.

**Bargh Shiraz Football Club** () is a football club which plays in Iran.

Website: https://barghshirazfc.com/

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Bargh Shiraz
برق شیراز
- **fullname**: Bargh Shiraz Football Club
- **nickname**: Orange tulips ()
- **ground**: Bargh Shiraz Sport Complex
Shiraz
Iran
- **capacity**: 1,000
- **chairman**: Hadi Shirvani Shiri
- **owner**: Hadi Shirvani Shiri and Amir Arsalan Homayounfar
- **mgrtitle**: Head Coach
- **manager**: Mehdi Shiri
- **league**: Iran Football's 3rd Division, 3rd Division
- **season**: 2016–17 Iran Football's 3rd Division, 2016–17
- **position**: 3rd Division Group C, 7th
- **website**: https://barghshirazfc.com/
- **instagram**: http://instagram/barghshirazfc
- **telegram channel**: https://telegram.me/barghshirazfc
- **pattern name1**: Home Kit
- **pattern la1**: _whiteshoulders
- **pattern b1**: _whiteshoulders
- **pattern ra1**: _whiteshoulders
- **pattern so1**: _whitetop
- **leftarm1**: F1771D
- **body1**: F1771D
- **rightarm1**: F1771D
- **shorts1**: F1771D
- **socks1**: F1771D
- **pattern name2**: Away Kit
- **pattern la2**: _shouldersonwhite
- **pattern b2**: _shouldersonwhite
- **pattern ra2**: _shouldersonwhite
- **pattern so2**: _orangetop
- **leftarm2**: F1771D
- **body2**: F1771D
- **rightarm2**: F1771D
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **socks2**: FFFFFF