Romania

**Romania** (old spelling: **Rumania**, **Roumania**; , ) is a country in Eastern and Southeastern Europe. It is north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube River. Western Romania is circled by the Carpathian Mountains. Romania also has a border on the Black Sea. Most of the Danube Delta is found inside Romania. Romania shares borders with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine to the far northeast, the Republic of Moldova to the near northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Romania
- **common name**: Romania
- **image flag**: Flag of Romania.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of Romania.svg
- **national anthem**: "Deşteaptă-te, române!"
("Awaken thee, Romanian!")
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- **capital**: Bucharest
- **largest city**: capital
- **official languages**: Romanian
- **languages2 type**: Recognised minority
languages
- **ethnic groups year**: 2011
- **demonym**: Romanian
- **religion year**: 2011
- **government type**: Unitary state, Unitary Semi-presidential system, semi-presidential republic
- **leader title1**: President of Romania, President
- **leader name1**: Nicușor Dan
- **leader title2**: Prime Minister of Romania, Prime Minister
- **leader name2**: Ilie Bolojan
- **legislature**: Parliament of Romania, Parliament
- **upper house**: Senate of Romania, Senate
- **lower house**: Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Chamber of Deputies
- **sovereignty type**: History of Romania, Establishment history
- **established event1**: United Principalities, Unification
- **established date1**: 24 January 1859
- **established event2**: Romanian War of Independence, Independence
- **established date2**: 9 May 1877/1878
- **established event3**: Greater Romania
- **established date3**: 1918 / 1920
- **established event4**: Socialist Republic of Romania, Socialist Republic
- **established date4**: 30 December 1947
- **established event5**: Romanian Revolution, Current state form
- **established date5**: 27 December 1989
- **area km2**: 238,397
- **area rank**: 81st
- **area sq mi**: 92,043
- **percent water**: 3
- **population estimate**: 19,186,201
- **population census**: 20,121,641
- **population estimate year**: 1 January 2021
- **population estimate rank**: 61st
- **population census year**: 2011
- **population density km2**: 80.4
- **population density sq mi**: 218.6
- **population density rank**: 136th
- **gdp ppp**: $704.355 billion
- **gdp ppp year**: 2022
- **gdp ppp rank**: 36th
- **gdp ppp per capita**: $36,446
- **gdp ppp per capita rank**: 66th
- **gdp nominal**: $314.876 billion
- **gdp nominal year**: 2022
- **gdp nominal rank**: 47th
- **gdp nominal per capita**: $16,293
- **gdp nominal per capita rank**: 56th
- **gini**: 33.8
- **gini year**: 2020
- **gini change**: decrease
- **hdi**: 0.828
- **hdi year**: 2019
- **hdi change**: increase
- **hdi rank**: 49th
- **currency**: Romanian leu
- **currency code**: RON
- **time zone**: Eastern European Time, EET
- **utc offset**: +2
- **utc offset dst**: +3
- **time zone dst**: Eastern European Summer Time, EEST
- **date format**: dd.mm.yyyy (Anno Domini, AD)
- **drives on**: right
- **calling code**: Telephone numbers in Romania, +40
- **patron saint**: Andrew the Apostle, Saint Andrew
- **iso3166code**: RO
- **cctld**: .ro<sup>a</sup>
- **footnote a**: Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.