juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Charrat

**Charrat** was a municipality in Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Charrat became a part of Martigny.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Charrat
- **image photo**: Charrat (19775409014).jpg
- **municipality name**: Charrat
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Charrat.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Charrat.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1906
- **municipality code**: 6132
- **area**: 7.6
- **elevation**: 461
- **population**: 1148
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.charrat.ch
- **mayor**: Maurice Ducret
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fully, Martigny, Switzerland, Martigny, Saxon, Switzerland, Saxon, Vollèges
Fully

**Fully** is a municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Fully
- **municipality name**: Fully
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Fully COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Fully.png
- **languages**: French
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **canton**: Valais
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1926
- **municipality code**: 6133
- **area**: 37.79
- **elevation**: 461
- **population**: 8524
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.fully.ch
- **mayor**: Edouard Fellay
- **places**: Branson, Châtaignier, Mazembroz, Saxé
- **demonym**: fulliérain, fulliéraine
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bex (VD), Charrat, Collonges, Switzerland, Collonges, Dorénaz, Leytron, Martigny, Switzerland, Martigny, Saillon, Saxon, Switzerland, Saxon
Isérables

**Isérables** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Isérables
- **municipality name**: Isérables
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Isérables COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Isérables.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1914
- **municipality code**: 6134
- **area**: 15.2
- **elevation**: 1106
- **population**: 982
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.iserables.ch
- **mayor**: Régis Monnet
- **neighboring municipalities**: Nendaz, Riddes
Leytron

**Leytron** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Villages

Leytron, Ovronnaz, Les Moulins, Produit, Montagnon, Les Places, Le Four, Dugny, Morthey and Lui Teise.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Leytron
- **municipality name**: Leytron
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Leytron COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Leytron.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1912
- **municipality code**: 6135
- **area**: 26.9
- **elevation**: 485
- **population**: 2190
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.leytron.ch
- **mayor**: Patrice Martinet
- **places**: Leytron, Ovronnaz, Les Moulins, Produit, Montagnon, Les Places, Le Four, Dugny, Morthey, Lui Teise
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bex (VD), Chamoson, Fully, Riddes, Saillon
Martigny-Combe

**Martigny-Combe** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Villages

Martigny-Croix, Le Brocard, Le Borgeaud, Les Rappes, La Fontaine, Le Cergneux, Le Fays, Le Sommet-des-Vignes and Ravoire.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Martigny-Combe
- **municipality name**: Martigny-Combe
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Martigny-Combe COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Martigny-Combe.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1921
- **municipality code**: 6137
- **area**: 37.7
- **elevation**: 804
- **population**: 1714
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.martigny-combe.ch
- **mayor**: Philippe Pierroz
- **places**: Martigny-Croix, Le Brocard, Le Borgeaud, Les Rappes, La Fontaine, Le Cergneux, Le Fays, Le Sommet-des-Vignes, Ravoire
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bovernier, Martigny, Switzerland, Martigny, Orsières, Salvan, Switzerland, Salvan, Trient, Switzerland, Trient
- **twintowns**: Pont-l'Abbé-d'Arnoult (France)
Riddes

**Riddes** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website of Riddes

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Riddes
- **municipality name**: Riddes
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Riddes COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Riddes.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1908
- **municipality code**: 6139
- **area**: 23.9
- **elevation**: 482
- **population**: 2179
- **populationof**: Dec 2009
- **popofyear**: 2009
- **website**: www.riddes.ch
- **mayor**: Jean-Michel Gaillard
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bagnes, Chamoson, Isérables, Leytron, Nendaz, Saillon, Saxon, Switzerland, Saxon
Viriato Trágico

**Viriato Trágico** is a long poem by Portuguese poet Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas (1596-1656).

## Overview

Viriato Trágico is a heroic poem, one of the most important Portuguese poems of the 17th century. It consists of twenty books. It was first printed in 1699, many years after author's death.

## Form

The poem about Viriatus by Garcia de Mascarenhas is written in ottava rima (oitava rima in Portuguese). This strophe was very popular in Portugal in 17th century. It was introduced into Portuguese literature by Francisco de Sá de Miranda.

After Luís de Camões used the strophe in The Lusiads all poets emloyed it in long works. The strophe consists of eight lines rhymed abababcc. The lines are composed of ten syllables each.

- _Canto um Pastor, Amores, e Armas canto,_
- _Canto o Raio do monte, e da campanha,_
- _Terror da Itália, e do mundo espanto,_
- _Glória de Portugal, honra de Espanha:_
- _Triunfante da Águia, que triunfando tanto,_
- _Tanto a seus raios tímida se acanha,_
- _Que à traição, só dormindo, o viu rendido,_
- _Porque desperto nunca foi vencido._

## Story

The poem tells about an ancient hero, Viriatus. He was a warrior from Lusitania (old Portugal). He was famous for his struggle for independence against the Romans.

He was invincible in any battle. As the Romans could not defeat him in the open field, the decided to get rid of him by an unlawful deed. Viriatus was assasinated in his sleep.
He died, but his fame outlived the Roman empire.

## Bibliography

- Viriato tragico : poema heroico em 20 cantos de Bras Garcia Mascaranhas, Lisboa 1846.

## Other websites

- Bras Garcia de Mascaranhas, Viriato tragico, poema heroico em 20 cantos at Hathi Trust.
Saillon

**Saillon** is a town and municipality in the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Saillon
- **municipality name**: Saillon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Armoiries Saillon.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1913
- **municipality code**: 6140
- **area**: 13.7
- **elevation**: 510
- **population**: 1584
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.saillon.ch
- **mayor**: Alba Mesot-Buchard
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fully, Leytron, Riddes, Saxon, Switzerland, Saxon
- **twintowns**: Barbentane (France)
SPQR

SPQR are the initials of a Latin phrase Senatus Populusque Romanus. It means "The Roman Senate and People."

It refers to the government of the ancient Roman Republic. It is still used as an official emblem of the modern-day municipality of Rome.

SPQR appears on Roman coins, at the end of documents made public by inscription in stone or metal, in dedications of monuments and public works, and on the flag (vexilloid) of the Roman legions.

The phrase appears in Roman political, legal and historical literature, such as the speeches of Cicero and _Ab Urbe Condita Libri_ ("Books from the Founding of the City") of Livy.

The date of first use of SPQR is not known. It first appears in inscriptions of the later Republic, from about 80 BC onwards. It last appears on coins of Constantine the Great (ruled AD 312-337), the first Christian Roman emperor.

The signature continued in use under the Roman Empire. The emperors were considered the representatives of the people, although the decrees of the Senate were dictated by the wishes of the emperor.

Similar language in more modern political and social revolutions no doubt comes from this usage. During the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, SPQR was emblazoned on many public buildings in an attempt to promote his dictatorship as a "New Roman Empire."
The National Museum of Computing

**The National Museum of Computing** is a museum in the United Kingdom dedicated to collecting and restoring old computer systems. The museum is based at Bletchley Park in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. It opened in 2007. The building — _Block H_ — was built in 1944. At the end of World War II it housed six Colossus computers. It is the first computer centre in the world.

The museum has a rebuilt Colossus computer. It also has an exhibition of the most complex code cracking activities that were performed at Bletchley Park during World War II. More modern computers can be seen. They show the history of the development of computing from the 1940s to the present day. The museum tries to have these machines in working order.

Although located on the Bletchley Park "campus", The National Museum of Computing is an entirely separate charity. It receives no public funding. It relies on the generosity of donors and supporters. Tickets for admission to the museum are separate from those for the other museum on the site.

## Infobox (museum)

- **name**: The National Museum of Computing
- **image**: Tnmocsign.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200
- **caption**: The Entrance
- **established**: 2007
- **location**: Bletchley Park, UK
- **website**: [http://www.tnmoc.org/ www.tnmoc.org]
Day of the Dead

The **Day of the Dead** () is a Mexican holiday celebrated in Mexico known around the world by the skull painting face. It is celebrated by people of Mexico living in other places, especially the United States. Family and friends gather for this multi-day holiday to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died while creating an Ofrenda. They do Ofrenda on a altar at home and also on the grave. It is also to help support their spiritual journey. In 2008, the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

The origin of the day of the dead comes from a mix of culture. Aztec and Christian are the main influence of it. In some countries people use sugar skull painting for Halloween but it is not the same celebration. Everyone is welcomed to join in on the celebration, but nearly everyone in Mexico celebrates it. The Day of the Dead is a holiday celebrated all throughout Mexico. It is a day to celebrate, remember and prepare special foods in honor of those who have died. The traditional food is the bread of the dead (pan de muertos). People paint there faces to match Caleveras. The famous decoration is the sugar skulls, Marigolds, and candles. People believe the spirit of the dead goes and visits their families from October 31 (aka Halloween) then leaves on November 2. The Day of the Dead is held every year on the 2nd of November in Mexico. This Mexican holiday is celebrated because families do it to honor their loved ones who have passed.
Orville Turnquest

**Sir Orville Alton Turnquest** (born 19 July 1929) is a retired Bahamian politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of the Bahamas from 1992 to 1994, and the fifth Governor-General of the Bahamas from 3 January 1994 until his retirement on 13 November 2001.

Turnquest was born in Grants Town, New Providence. He was educated at the University of London.
Ivy Dumont

**Dame Ivy Leona Dumont**, DCMG (born 2 October 1930) is a retired Bahamian politician. She was the sixth Governor-General of the Bahamas.

She was the first woman in the Bahamas to hold this office, from 1 January 2002 (on an acting basis since 13 November 2001) until 30 November 2004. She previously served as Education Minister from 1995 to 2001.

## Other websites

- Official biography

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Dame Ivy Dumont
- **honorific-suffix**: Order of St Michael and St George, DCMG
- **office**: Governor General of the Bahamas
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **primeminister**: Hubert Ingraham
Perry Christie
- **term start**: 1 January 2002
- **term end**: 30 November 2004
<small>Acting: 13 November 2001 - 1 January 2002</small>
- **predecessor**: Orville Turnquest
- **successor**: Paul Adderley <small>(Acting)</small>
Luis García Meza

**Luis García Meza Tejada** (August 8, 1929 – April 29, 2018) was a former Bolivian dictator. In 1980, he led a military coup d'état on President Lidia Gueiler Tejada, his cousin. He later made himself president on 17 July 1980. He left office on 4 August 1981 after being exiled for human rights violations. Before becoming president, he worked closely with Bolivian president Hugo Banzer.

García Meza died in La Paz on April 29, 2018, of a heart attack at the age of 88.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Luis García Meza
- **term start**: 17 July 1980
- **term end**: 4 August 1981
- **predecessor**: Lidia Gueiler
- **successor**: Celso Torrelio
- **birth name**: Luis García Meza Tejada
- **birth place**: La Paz, Bolivia
- **death place**: La Paz, Bolivia
- **nationality**: Bolivian
- **party**: _None_
- **profession**: Bolivian army, Military
- **order**: 68th President of Bolivia
- **allegiance**: Bolivia
- **branch**:  Bolivian Army
- **serviceyears**: 1952–1981
- **rank**:  General
- **commands**: Bolivian Army
Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada

**Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez de Bustamante** (born 1 July 1930), familiarly known as "Goni", is a Bolivian politician and businessman. He served as President of Bolivia for two non-consecutive terms from 6 August 1993 through 6 August 1997 and again from 6 August 2002 through his resignation on 17 October 2003. He is a lifelong member of the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR).

## Other websites

- Social and Economis Reforms of Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, personal website
- _Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy_, PBS-WGBH
- Interview with President Sancha de Lozada, from _Commanding Heights,_ PBS documentary
- "Black October Memorial: A decade of impunity" , Democracy Center
- "A case for extradition: Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada and Carlos Sanchez Berzain", Council of Hemispheric Affairs
- "Gallery of portraits and biographies of presidents of Bolivia" , Presidencia de Bolivia website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada
- **nationality**: Bolivian
- **image**: Gonzálo Sánchez de Lozada-Agencia BrasilAntonio Cruz.jpg
- **order**: 74th and 77th President of Bolivia
- **term start2**: 6 August 1993
- **term end2**: 6 August 1997
- **vicepresident2**: Víctor Hugo Cárdenas
- **predecessor2**: Jaime Paz Zamora, Jaime Paz
- **successor2**: Hugo Banzer
- **birth name**: Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada Sánchez de Bustamante
- **birth place**: La Paz, Bolivia
- **spouse**: Ximena Iturralde
- **party**: Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, MNR
- **alma mater**: University of Chicago <small>(A.B.)</small>
- **vicepresident**: Carlos Mesa
- **term start**: 6 August 2002
- **term end**: 17 October 2003
- **predecessor**: Jorge Quiroga Ramírez, Jorge Quiroga
- **successor**: Carlos Mesa
Hate groups in the United States

A **hate group** is a group that hates a specific group of people.  For example, a hate group might hate everyone who belongs to a different ethnic group, religion, sex, and/or sexual orientation.

## Statistics

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, as of 2015, there were 892 hate groups currently operating in the United States.  Hate groups exist in every state.

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center:
- In 1999, there were 457 hate groups operating in the United States.
- The number of hate groups in the U.S. grew every year until 2011.  At that point, there were 1018 hate groups operating in the United States.
- After 2011, the number of hate groups in the U.S. decreased for three straight years, but in 2015 it increased by 14%.

### Types of hate groups

There are many different types of hate groups.  Of the 892 hate groups currently operating in the U.S.:
- 190 are Ku Klux Klan
- 184 are "General Hate" groups - including:
    - Anti-Muslim groups
        - There has been a 42% increase in anti-Muslim hate groups since 2014
    - Anti-LGBT groups
    - Anti-Immigrant groups
    - Groups that say the Holocaust did not happen
    - Other groups that say hateful things
    - Racist music
    - Radical traditionalist Catholic groups
- 180 are Black Separatist
- 95 are White Nationalist
- 95 are Racist Skinheads
- 94 are Neo-Nazi
- 35 are Neo-Confederate
- 19 are Christian Identity groups

According to the Anti-Defamation League, as of 2015, 21,000,000 people in the United States admitted to having anti-Semitic attitudes.  For example, 31% of people admitted that they think "Jews are more loyal to Israel than to [this country/the countries they live in].
SMS Posen

**SMS Posen** was a German battleship built in 1907 and launched in 1910. She had twelve 11 inch guns in six turrets.

The ship sailed during most of the First World War, in the North Sea. The main battle she was in was the Battle of Jutland where she hit another German ship which then sank.

The ship served with her three sister ships for the majority of World War I. She saw extensive service in the North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where _Posen_ was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. In the confusion, the ship accidentally rammed the light cruiser SMS _Elbing_, which suffered serious damage and was scuttled later in the night.

The ship also conducted several deployments to the Baltic Sea against the Russian Navy. In the first of these, _Posen_ supported a German naval assault in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga. The ship was sent back to the Baltic in 1918 to support the White Finns in the Finnish Civil War. At the end of the war, _Posen_ remained in Germany while the majority of the fleet was interned in Scapa Flow. In 1919, following the scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow, she was ceded to the British as a replacement for the ships that had been sunk. She was then sent to ship-breakers in the Netherlands and scrapped in 1922.

## About

Posen was 146 m long and 27 m wide. She weighed 18,873 tonnes. Her crew was 40 officers and 968 sailors, 1008 total. She had three coal engines and could go at 20 knots or 9600 miles at 12 knots.

Her guns were 28 cm wide and were in six twin turrets in a hexagon shape around the ship. She also had 15cm and 8.8 cm anti aircraft guns. She carried six torpedo which she could shoot out the front, back and sides. She had thick armour along both sides, 30cm thick in most places.

## History

Posen was first ordered in 1906 as the Ersatz Baden. She started being built on 11 June 1907 in secret. She sailed for the first time in December 1908. She cost the German government 36,920,000 Marks.

She went to Wilhelmshavenin 1910 and sailed out of there for the next 4 years. In World War 1 she spent a lot of time in the North Sea, and sometimes going down to the Baltic sea to fight the Russian Navy. She was part of the Battle of Jutland, and in the fight she hit another German ship and made it sink.
No. 77 Squadron RAAF

**No. 77 Squadron** is a squadron in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). It flies out of RAAF Williamtown in New South Wales, Australia. It is part of No. 81 Wing and has F18 Hornet fighters.

The squadron started at RAAF Pearce in Western Australia in 1942 during the Second World War, and fought in the Pacific Theatre with P40 Kittyhawks. After the war it got new P51 Mustangs and went to Japan.

In 1950 it went to Korea to support the United Nations against North Korea. It got Meteor jets there and shot down five MiG 15s and 5,000 buildings and vehicles.

When they went back to Australia in 1956 they got new Sabre jets. In 1958 they went to Malaya to help the British Empire there. They stayed there, looking after the country until 1969. Then they went back to Williamtown and got new Mirage jets, then F18 Hornets in 1987. It went to Afghanistan in 2001 and again in 2015. In 2021 it will get F35 Lightning fighters.

## Jobs and planes

The squadron has F18 Hornets which they got in 1987. They look after an area of sky in New South Wales.
Gautam

Gautam is a mythological Hindu sage (Rishi) and one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades.

The Rig Veda has several 'hymns' that go with his name. Sage Gautam is one of the greatest amongst all Saptarshis (seven sages). He was the son of Rahugana. He married to Ahalya and had two sons Vamadeva and Nodhas both themselves discoverers of Mantras. Ramayan and Mahabharatha have references to Sage Gautam as he lived during these two Yugas.

Sage Gautam's sixty-year-long penance is mentioned in the Shanti Parva of the Mahabharata. He is the progenitor of the Gautama gotra.
Atri

**Atri** is a mythological Hindu sage. He is one of the seven Rishis. Hindu scriptures have named them as saptarishis, that is, the seven sages. The seven sages were Kashyapa, Atri, Vashitha, Vishvamitra, Gautam, Jamdagni, and Bharadvaja. According to Hindu mythology, these seven sages had become like divine beings. Ancient astrology of Hindus identified these seven sages with the stars of the sky, the Great Bear. Their wives formed the Pleiades.
Piotta

**Piotta** is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

Piotta has an ice hockey Club, called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, that plays in indoor sporting arena of "Valascia".
Ambrì

**Ambrì** is a village in the municipality of Quinto in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

Ambrì has an ice hockey club called the HC Ambrì-Piotta, which plays in the stadium Valascia.
Saxon, Switzerland

**Saxon** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It is famous as the birthplace of figure skater and choreographer of Stéphane Lambiel.

## Other websites

- Official website of Saxon

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Saxon
- **municipality name**: Saxon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Saxon COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Saxon.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1907
- **municipality code**: 6141
- **area**: 23.2
- **elevation**: 533
- **population**: 3450
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.saxon.ch
- **mayor**: Léo Farquet
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bagnes, Charrat, Fully, Riddes, Saillon, Vollèges
- **twintowns**: Bouliac (France)
Trient, Switzerland

**Trient** is a municipality of the district of Martigny in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Trient
- **municipality name**: Trient
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Trient COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Trient.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Martigny (district), Martigny
- **postal code**: 1929
- **municipality code**: 6142
- **area**: 39.6
- **elevation**: 1300
- **population**: 138
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.trient.ch
- **mayor**: Aloïse Balzan
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chamonix-Mont-Blanc (FR-74), Finhaut, Martigny-Combe, Orsières, Salvan, Switzerland, Salvan, Vallorcine (FR-74)
Champéry

**Champéry** is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Homepage

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Champéry
- **municipality name**: Champéry
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Champéry COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Champéry.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1874
- **municipality code**: 6151
- **area**: 39.0
- **elevation**: 1055
- **population**: 1181
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.champery.ch
- **mayor**: Luc Fellay
- **mayor party**: PLR
- **neighboring municipalities**: Evionnaz, Montriond (FR-74), Morzine (FR-74), Samoëns (FR-74), Sixt-Fer-à-Cheval (FR-74), Val-d'Illiez
Sir Breunor

**Bruenor the Black**, also called the **Knight of the Ill-fitting Coat**, was one of the Knights of the Round Table in Arthurian legend. He was the son of Sir Brunor, the "Good Knight without Fear". His brothers were Sir Dinadan and Sir Daniel. Both were killed by Sir Lancelot. Their father had been murdered and Brunor swore to wear his father's ill-fitting coat until the murder was avenged. Sir Breunor was the lord of Pendragon Castle. He was married to Maladisant.
1936 North American heat wave

The **1936 North American heat wave** was the most severe heat wave in United States history. It happened in the middle of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl of the 1930s.

The heat wave began in late June. It created great human suffering. It also caused drought in the Midwest and Great Plains. The lack of moisture, along with heat, destroyed huge numbers of crops.

This heat wave set records in many states, including Iowa, Minnesota and Illinois. In some states, the 1936 records were not broken until 2012. In Ohio, the temperature reached , almost tying the 1934 temperature record there.

More than 5,000 people in the United States died from this heat wave.

The heat also affected Canada.
Collombey-Muraz

**Collombey-Muraz** is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. There is an oil refinery in the municipality.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Collombey-Muraz
- **municipality name**: Collombey-Muraz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Collombey-Muraz COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Collombey-Muraz.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1893
- **municipality code**: 6152
- **area**: 29.8
- **elevation**: 392
- **population**: 5856
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.collombey-muraz.ch
- **mayor**: Yannick Buttet
- **mayor party**: PDC
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aigle (VD), Châtel, Haute-Savoie, Châtel (FR-74), Monthey, Switzerland, Monthey, Ollon, Switzerland, Ollon (VD), Troistorrents, Vionnaz, Vouvry
Port-Valais

**Port-Valais** is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Port-Valais
- **municipality name**: Port-Valais
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Port-Valais COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Port-Valais.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1897
- **municipality code**: 6154
- **area**: 14.4
- **elevation**: 390
- **population**: 2817
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.port-valais.ch
- **mayor**: Pierre Zoppelletto
- **places**: Le Bouveret, Les Evouettes
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chessel (VD), Noville, Switzerland, Noville (VD), Saint-Gingolph, Switzerland, Saint-Gingolph, Vevey (VD), Vouvry
Saint-Gingolph, Switzerland

**Saint-Gingolph** is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Swissinfo map

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Saint-Gingolph
- **municipality name**: Saint-Gingolph
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Saint-Gingolph COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Saint-Gingolph.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1898
- **municipality code**: 6155
- **area**: 14.4
- **elevation**: 386
- **population**: 723
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.st-gingolph.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Corseaux (VD), Novel, Haute-Savoie, Novel (FR-74), Port-Valais, Saint-Gingolph, Haute-Savoie, Saint-Gingolph (FR-74), Vevey (VD), Vouvry
Troistorrents

**Troistorrents** is a municipality of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website
- None official website of Troistorrents and Morgins

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Troistorrents
- **municipality name**: Troistorrents
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Troistorrents - Wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Troistorrents - Wappen.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1872
- **municipality code**: 6156
- **area**: 37.0
- **elevation**: 765
- **population**: 3803
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.troistorrents.ch
- **mayor**: Fabrice Donnet-Monay
- **mayor party**: PDC
- **neighboring municipalities**: Châtel, Haute-Savoie, Châtel (FR-74), Collombey-Muraz, Monthey, Switzerland, Monthey, Val-d'Illiez, Vérossaz
Val-d'Illiez

**Val-d'Illiez** is a municipality of the district Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Val-d'Illiez
- **municipality name**: Val-d'Illiez
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Val-d'Illiez - Wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Val-d'Illiez.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1873
- **municipality code**: 6157
- **area**: 39.3
- **elevation**: 948
- **population**: 1409
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.valdilliez.ch
- **mayor**: Ismaël Perrin
- **places**: Champoussin, Fayot, Les Crosets, Play
- **neighboring municipalities**: Champéry, Châtel, Haute-Savoie, Châtel (FR-74), Evionnaz, Mex, Switzerland, Mex, Monthey, Switzerland, Monthey, Montriond (FR-74), Troistorrents, Vérossaz
La Fouly

**La Fouly** is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

La Fouly is in the municipality of Orsières.

It sits at the foot of Mont Dolent (3,823 m) and the Tour Noir (3,836m) in the Mont Blanc massif.

## Other websites

- Official website
- La Fouly myswitzerland.com
Kempes (Brazilian footballer)

**Everton Kempes dos Santos Gonçalves** (b. 3rd September, 1982 in Carpina, Pernambuco - f. 28th November, 2016 in La Unión, Antioquia) was a Brazilian footballer who played as forward.

He made his debut in 2004 as Paraná's player and spent most of his career in Brazil.

He was named by the former Argentinian footballer: Mario Kempes.

## Death

On 28 November 2016, Kempes died along his team, Chapecoense and other passengers after the LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 was crashed near La Unión, Antioquia. It was expected that Chapecoense played the final of the South American Cup against Atlético Nacional in Medellín.

## Career

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|State League|colspan="2"|Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Paraná|2004|Série A|2|0|–|–|—|0|0|–|–|2|0||
|rowspan="3" valign="center"|Vitória-ES|2005|rowspan="2"|Capixaba|—|–|–|—|—|–|–|–|–|||
|2006|—|?|4|—|—|–|–|?|4|||||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Sertãozinho|2006|Paulista A2|–|–|–|–|—|—|–|–|–|–|||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|15 de Novembro|2007|Gaúcho|—|?|8|—|—|—|?|8|||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Ceará|2007|Série B|–|–|–|–|—|—|–|–|–|–|||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Caxias|2008|Série C|–|–|?|5|—|—|—|?|5||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Ipatinga|2008|Série A|14|1|–|–|—|—|–|–|14|1|||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Criciúma|2009|Série C|2|0|16|9|4|5|—|—|22|14|||
|rowspan="6" valign="center"|Portuguesa|2009|rowspan="3"|Série B|20|3|–|–|—|—|–|–|20|3||
|2010|13|5|–|–|—|—|–|–|13|5||||||
|2011|0|0|12|2|2|1|—|—|14|3||||||
|2012|rowspan="2"|Série A|0|0|–|–|—|—|–|–|0|0||||
|2013|0|0|2|0|–|–|—|—|2|0||||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Novo Hamburgo (loan)|2010|Gaúcho|—|9|1|–|–|—|—|9|1||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Ceará (loan)|2010|Série A|9|0|–|–|—|—|–|–|9|0|||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|América Mineiro (loan)|2011|Série A|32|13|–|–|—|—|–|–|32|13|||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Cerezo Osaka (loan)|2012|J1 League|27|7|—|0|0|—|5|1|32|8|||
|rowspan="3" valign="center"|JEF United Chiba|2013|rowspan="2"|J2 League|38|22|—|0|0|—|1|0|39|22||
|2014|33|13|—|2|1|—|1|0|36|14||||||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Joinville|2015|Série A|30|6|9|3|2|0|1|0|—|42|9||
|rowspan="1" valign="center"|Chapecoense|2016|Série A|16|6|18|5|5|2|—|—|39|13|||
Nugget

**Nugget** may refer to:

**Things**
- Gold nugget, a piece of gold produced through mining and extraction
- Australian Gold Nugget, a gold bullion coin minted by the Perth Mint
- Chicken nuggets, a lump of breaded or battered chicken
- Laister LP-15 Nugget, a single-seat glider aircraft
- Bede BD-17 Nugget, a single-seat homebuilt monoplane
- Nugget, a variety of hops

- Media
- _The Nome Nugget_, a weekly newspaper in Nome, Alaska
- _North Bay Nugget_, a daily newspaper in North Bay, Ontario, Canada
- _Nugget Newspaper_, a weekly newspaper in Sisters, Oregon
- _The Nugget_, a 2002 comedy film
- "Nugget", a song off the 1996 album _Fashion Nugget_ by Cake

- Businesses
- Nugget Markets, an upscale California supermarket chain
- Carson Nugget, a hotel and casino in Carson City, Nevada
- Wendover Nugget, a hotel and casino in West Wendover, Nevada

- Places
- Nugget Falls, a waterfall in Alaska
- Nugget Point, New Zealand

- People
- Nickname of H. C. Coombs, an Australian economist and public servant
- Nickname of Steve Davis (born 1957), snooker player
- Derisive nickname of Owen Hart (1965–1999), Canadian professional wrestler
Alappuzha

**Alappuzha** is a city in Kerala, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Alappuzha district. Alappuzha is considered as the oldest planned city in the region. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Kerala. The city is located in the coastal region of Laccadive Sea. In 2016, the Centre for Science and Environment rated Alappuzha as the top cleanest town in India.

## Population

According to 2011 census the population of the city is 174,176. The male population is 83,853 and female population is 90,323. The Literacy rate is 96.2%. The languages spoken here are Malayalam, Tamil and Konkani. Most of the population of Alappuzha are of Hindu and Christian religions with a small Muslim population.

## Famous places and events

Alappuzha is famous for Snake boat races, especially the Nehru Trophy Boat Race. Games of cricket, football and basketball are also popular in the city. The Kerala Backwaters of Alappuzha are the most popular tourist attraction in Kerala.
Alappuzha is most famous for its attractions. The attractions here are:
- The Alappuzha Beach
- Ambalappuzha Sri Krishna Temple
- St. Andrew's Basilica
- Mannarasala Temple
- Chettikulangara Devi Temple
- Haripad Sree Subrahmanya Swamy temple
- Thakazhy Sree Dharma Sastha Temple
- Mullakkal Temple
- Christ Church
- Champakulam Kalloorkadu Church

## Other websites

- Alappuzha Houseboat Beautiful Backwaters Alleppey Kerala India; YouTube

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Alappuzha
- **other name**: Alleppey
- **settlement type**: City
- **pushpin map**: India Kerala#India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision name1**: Kerala
- **subdivision type2**: List of regions of India, Region
- **subdivision name2**: Central Travancore
- **subdivision type3**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name3**: Alappuzha District
- **leader title**: District Collector
- **leader name**: Anupama IAS
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 46.18
- **elevation m**: 11
- **population total**: 174,164
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population rank**: 6th
- **population density km2**: 4466
- **demographics type1**: Languages
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Malayalam language, Malayalam, English language, English
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 688001
- **area code type**: Telephone code
- **area code**: 0477
- **registration plate**: List of RTO districts in India#KL.E2.80.94Kerala, KL-04
- **blank1 name sec1**: Human sex ratio, Sex ratio
- **blank1 info sec1**: 1079 male, ♂/female, ♀
Zakir Husain

**Zakir Husain** (8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) was the 3rd President of India. He was the first Muslim president of the Indian nation and also the first to die in office. Zakir Husain was the shortest serving president of India. He previously served as the second Vice-President of India and Governor of Bihar. Zakir Husain was also the co-founder of Jamia Milia Islamia. He served as its Vice-Chancellor. Under Husain, Jamia became closely to the Indian freedom movement.

## Career of serving the nation

Zakir Husain was born in Hyderabad, Telangana in 8 February 1897. He became the Governor of Bihar in 1957 to 1962. Later he became the 2nd Vice President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. He served in the post from 13 May 1962 to 12 May 1967.In 13 May 1967 he was elected as the 3rd President of India after Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.He was the first Muslim President of India. But his term was short-lived. He died in New Delhi on 3 May 1969 and became the first President to die in the office period.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Zakir Husain Khan
- **image**: President Zakir Husain 1998 stamp of India (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Official Portrait, 1967
- **office**: 3rd President of India
- **primeminister**: Indira Gandhi
- **vicepresident**: V. V. Giri, Varahagiri Venkata Giri
- **term start**: 13 May 1967
- **term end**: 3 May 1969
- **predecessor**: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- **successor**: Varahagiri Venkata Giri (Acting)
- **office2**: 2nd Vice-President of India, Vice President of India
- **primeminister2**: Jawaharlal Nehru
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Indira Gandhi
- **president2**: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- **term start2**: 13 May 1962
- **term end2**: 12 May 1967
- **predecessor2**: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- **successor2**: Varahagiri Venkata Giri
- **order3**: 4th
- **office3**: Governor of Bihar
- **1blankname3**: Chief Minister
- **1namedata3**: Krishna Sinha
Deep Narayan Singh
- **term start3**: 6 July 1957
- **term end3**: 11 May 1962
- **predecessor3**: R. R. Diwakar
- **successor3**: Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar
- **office4**: Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha

- **termstart4**: 3 April 1952
- **termend4**: 2 April 1962
- **birth place**: Hyderabad, India, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, Present Telangana
India
- **death place**: New Delhi, India
- **party**: Independent (politician), Independent
- **spouse**: Shah Jahan Begum
- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: University of Lucknow
University of Allahabad, Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College Aligarh (M.A., MA)
Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Berlin (PhD)
- **awards**: Bharat Ratna (1963)
 Padma Vibhushan
Puducherry district

Puducherry district is one of the four districts of the union territory of Puducherry in southern India. The district occupies an area of , spread over 11 non-contiguous enclaves lying on or near the Bay of Bengal within a compact area in the state of Tamil Nadu.

## Demographics

Puducherry district's total population according to the 2011 census is 946,600.It is said that the population roughly equals that of Fiji and US state of Delaware. Literacy rate - 86.13% and Sex ratio is 1031 per 1000 males.

## Divisions

For administrative purpose, the union territory of Puducherry is divided into eight taluks.Some are Puducherry taluk, Villianur taluk, Ozhukarai taluk and Bahour taluk. Among these Ozhukarai taluk is the only taluk without rural areas.Puducherry taluk's rural area is covered in a commune named Ariyankuppam.Villianur taluk has two rural communes namely Mannadipet and Villianur. Bahour taluk consists of two rural communes namely Bahour and Nettapakkam.
Yellowstone fires of 1988

The **Yellowstone fires of 1988** were the largest wildfires in the history of the Yellowstone National Park. They began as smaller individual fires. They spread quickly out of control. The fires were made worse by increasing wind and severe drought in the Western United States.

The fires burned for several months. On September 8, 1988, the entire park was closed to all non-emergency people for the first time in its history. The arrival of cool and moist weather in the late autumn brought the fires to an end.
Chennai district

**Chennai district**, formerly known as Madras district, is one of the 38 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India. It is the smallest district of Tamil Nadu but has the highest population density. Most of the Chennai Metro region comes under this district.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the population of the Chennai district is 4,646,732. The male population is 2,335,844 and female population is 2,310,888. The literacy rate is 90.18%. The density of population in this district is 26,553 people per square kilometre. The sex ratio is 989 females per 1000 males.

## Administrative divisions

Chennai district is divided into various taluks for administration purposes. They are:

## Geographical area

The total area of the Chennai district is . The district is in the Coromandel coast of the Bay of Bengal. The Guindy National Park region covers  of reserved forest. The waterways here are the Cooum River, Adyar River, Buckingham Canal and Otteri Nullah stream.
Thanjavur district

Thanjavur district is one of the district is known as the "Granary of South India" and "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". This is one of the important district for the Tamil Nadu agriculture and economy.

## Population

The Thanjavur district's total population is 2,405,890 according to Census of 2011. Literacy rate is 74.44%. The sex ratio is 1035 per 1000 males.Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes consist of 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively.

## Agriculture and Tourism

The Thanjavur district is famously known as the "Granary of South India", since the rule of Chola dynasty.This district lies at the Kaveri delta region, the most fertile region in the Tamil Nadu state. The district is the main rice producing region in the state and therefore known as "Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu".  Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district. Farmers also grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu.
Cuddalore district

Cuddalore district is one of the 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, South India. Cuddalore city is the headquarters of the Cuddalore district. It was the mostly affected district in the 2015 South Indian floods along with Chennai district. Cuddalore is on the sea shore, so most of the cyclones affecting Tamil Nadu hit this district.

## Geography

The district area is 3,564km². It is bounded on the north by Viluppuram District, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Nagapattinam District, and on the west by Perambalur District. The district is drained by Gadilam River and Pennaiyar River in the north, Vellar River and Kollidam River in south.

## Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Cuddalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of Districts of 640). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

## Demographics

According to 2011 census of India, Cuddalore district had a population of 2,605,914 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males. A total of 279,950 were under the age of six, constituting 147,644 males and 132,306 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 29.32% and 0.6% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 69.66%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.
Manchester Metropolitan University

The **Manchester Metropolitan University** is the fourth largest university in the United Kingdom (UK). It was founded as Manchester Polytechnic (a union of existing colleges including the college of art) and later granted the status of a university. Its campus lies between Manchester city centre and the campus of the University of Manchester.

- Manchester Metropolitan University
Vionnaz

**Vionnaz** is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Vionnaz
- **municipality name**: Vionnaz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Vionnaz.jpg
- **image caption**: Vionnaz
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Vionnaz COA.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1895
- **municipality code**: 6158
- **area**: 20.9
- **elevation**: 392
- **population**: 1688
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.vionnaz.ch
- **mayor**: Alphonse-Marie Veuthey
- **neighboring municipalities**: Châtel, Haute-Savoie, Châtel (FR-74), Collombey-Muraz, La Chapelle-d'Abondance (FR-74), Vouvry
Vouvry

**Vouvry** is a municipality in the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Vouvry
- **municipality name**: Vouvry
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Vouvry 1.jpg
- **image caption**: Vouvry
- **imagepath coa**: Vouvry_Wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Vouvry_Wappen.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Monthey (district), Monthey
- **postal code**: 1896
- **municipality code**: 6159
- **area**: 33.5
- **elevation**: 387
- **population**: 3223
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.vouvry.ch
- **mayor**: Reynold Rinaldi
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aigle (VD), Chessel (VD), Collombey-Muraz, La Chapelle-d'Abondance (FR-74), Novel, Haute-Savoie, Novel (FR-74), Port-Valais, Saint-Gingolph, Switzerland, Saint-Gingolph, Vionnaz, Yvorne (VD)
- **twintowns**: Bodnegg (Germany)