March 10

### Up to 1900

- 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands – The Romans sinks the Carthaginian fleet; end of First Punic War.
- 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian completes his campaign in North Africa against the Berbers, and makes a triumphant entry to Carthage in present–day Tunisia.
- 1496 – Christopher Columbus leaves Hispaniola for Spain, ending his second visit to the Western Hemisphere.
- 1535 – Tomas de Berlanga reaches the Galapagos Islands after sailing off course in a storm.
- 1607 – Susenyos defeats combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.
- 1629 – Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, starting the Eleven Years Tyranny in which there was no parliament.
- 1661 – Louis XIV of France takes absolute government powers.
- 1792 – Huguenot Jean Calas, wrongly convicted for killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities. This inspires Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
- 1801 – The United Kingdom's first national census is carried out.
- 1804 – Louisiana Purchase: In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.
- 1814 – Napoleon I of France is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.
- 1831 – The French Foreign Legion is established by King Louis-Philippe to support his war in Algeria.
- 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican-American War.
- 1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Segou, destroying the Bambara Empire of Mali.
- 1864 – Montana vigilantes hang Jack Slade.
- 1864 – American Civil War: The Red River Campaign begins as Union troops reach Alexandria, Louisiana.
- 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call by saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
- 1880 – Members of the Salvation Army land in the United States and begin operations.
- 1891 – Almon Strowger, an undertaker in Topeka Kansas, patents the strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.
- 1893 – Côte d'Ivoire becomes a French colony.

### 1901 – 2000

- 1902 – Second Boer War: South African Boers win their last battle over British forces, with the capture of a British general and 200 of his men.
- 1902 – A United States court of appeals rules that Thomas Edison did not invent the movie camera.
- 1902 – Tochangri, Turkey, is completely destroyed by an earthquake.
- 1906 – Europe's worst mining disaster occurs at Courrieres, northern France, as 1,099 miners are killed.
- 1909 – The Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 is signed.
- 1912 – Yuan Shikai is sworn in as the second Provisional President of the Republic of China.
- 1922 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested for sedition by British colonial authorities.
- 1923 – The Spanish football club Villarreal is founded.
- 1926 – The first Book-of-the-Month-Club selection is produced
- 1933 – An earthquake in Long Beach, California kills 120 people.
- 1945 – The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting firestorm kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
- 1948 – The Indian Union Muslim League is founded, by remnants of the old Muslim League.
- 1951 – Henri Queuille becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba.
- 1959 – Tibetan Uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by the Government of the People's Republic of China, 300,000 Tibetans surround Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama's palace to prevent his removal.
- 1964 – The Ford Mustang is first produced by the Ford Motor Company.
- 1966 – Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands marries Claus von Amsberg.
- 1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. Ray would later retract his guilty plea.
- 1970 – Vietnam War: Capt. Ernest Medina is charged with My Lai war crimes.
- 1971 – William McMahon becomes Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1975 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Me Thout, South Vietnam, on their way to capturing Saigon.
- 1977 – Rings of Uranus: Astronomers discover rings around Uranus.
- 1982 – The United States places an embargo on Libyan petroleum imports because of their support of terrorist groups.
- 1982 – Syzygy: all 9 planets align on the same side of the Sun.
- 1987 – Reproductive rights: The Holy See condemns the practice of surrogate motherhood, along with test-tube babies and artificial insemination.
- 1987 – A magnitude 7 earthquake hits Colombia and Ecuador, killing 1,000 people.
- 1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.
- 1991 – Gulf War: Operation Phase Echo – 540,000 American troops begin to leave the Persian Gulf.
- 1996 – The "Summit of Peacemakers" takes place in Egypt.
- 1998 – American troops stationed in the Persian Gulf begin to receive the first vaccinations against anthrax.
- 1998 – Suharto claims a sixth election victory as President of Indonesia. This leads to protests which eventually lead to his resignation in May of the same year, after over 32 years in power.
- 2000 – The NASDAQ stock market index peaks at 5048.62, signaling the beginning of the end of the dot-com boom.

### From 2001

- 2004 – Six Flags sells 8 of its theme parks to private investors.
- 2004 – Kostas Karamanlis becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
- 2005 – In Edmonton, Alberta, the largest memorial (of its kind) in Canadian history was held for four RCMP constables who were gunned down March 3, 2005.
- 2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at the planet Mars.
- 2006 – The 2006 Winter Paralympics in Turin begin.
- 2008 – The New York Times reveals that New York Governor Eliot Spitzer patronised a prostitution service, and he resigns shortly after.
- 2014 – President of Bayern Munich football club Uli Hoeness goes on trial on charges of tax fraud.
- 2015 – A court rules that the tune from Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams' track Blurred Lines was copied from a song by Marvin Gaye.
- 2017 – South Korean President Park Geun-hye is officially removed from office by the country's constitutional court over a corruption scandal, following her impeachment three months earlier.
- 2017 – The United Nations warns that up to 20 million people could be affected by a famine affecting parts of Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan and Yemen.
- 2019 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 103, a Boeing 737 MAX, crashes shortly after take–off from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on a flight due to go to Nairobi, Kenya, killing all 157 people on board.

### Up to 1900

- 1415 – Vasili II of Russia (d. 1462)
- 1452 – Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1516)
- 1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)
- 1536 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1572)
- 1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician (d. 1694)
- 1709 – Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician and explorer (d. 1746)
- 1748 – John Playfair, Scottish scientist and mathematician (d. 1819)
- 1749 – Lorenzo da Ponte, Italian opera librettist and poet (d. 1838)
- 1760 – Leandro Fernandez de Moratin, Spanish poet and writer (d. 1829)
- 1772 – Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlegel, German poet, critic and scholar (d. 1829)
- 1776 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen Consort of Prussia (d. 1810)
- 1779 – Frances Trollope, English writer (d. 1863)
- 1786 – José Maria Vargas, President of Venezuela (d. 1854)
- 1787 – Francisco de Paula Martinez de la Rosa, Spanish statesman and dramatist (d. 1862)
- 1787 – William Etty, English painter (d. 1849)
- 1788 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German polymath (d. 1857)
- 1789 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, President of Mexico (d. 1850)
- 1810 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet (d. 1886)
- 1833 – Pedro Antonio de Alarcon, Spanish writer (d. 1891)
- 1839 – Dudley Buck, American composer, organist and writer (d. 1909)
- 1842 – Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian composer (d. 1912)
- 1844 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist (d. 1908)
- 1845 – Tsar Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)
- 1845 – Hallie Quinn Brown, African–American educator and activist (d. 1949)
- 1847 – Kate Sheppard, New Zealand suffragist (d. 1934)
- 1850 – Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)
- 1853 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish–born 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
- 1854 – Arnost Muka, Sorbian writer (d. 1932)
- 1867 – Hector Guimard, French architect and designer (d. 1942)
- 1867 – Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian and writer (d. 1940)
- 1873 – Jakob Wassermann, German writer (d. 1934)
- 1875 – Alexander Goldenweiser, Russian pianist, composer and educator (d. 1961)
- 1876 – Edvard Eriksen, Danish sculptor (d. 1959)
- 1876 – Ernst Tandefelt, Finnish nobleman and assassin (d. 1948)
- 1877 – Emile Sarrade, French rugby player (d. 1953)
- 1879 – Hans Luther, Chancellor of Germany in the Weimar Republic (d. 1962)
- 1885 – Tamara Karsavina, Russian ballerina (d. 1978)
- 1887 – Toshitsugu Takamatsu, Grandmaster of Ninjutsu (d. 1972)
- 1891 – Sam Jaffe, American actor, teacher, musician and engineer (d. 1984)
- 1892 – Arthur Honegger, Swiss–French composer (d. 1955)
- 1892 – Gregory La Cava, American movie director and cartoonist (d. 1952)
- 1897 – Robert Meier, German World War I veteran (d. 2007)
- 1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Secretary of the Greek Communist Party (d. 1943)

### 1901 – 1950

- 1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American musician (d. 1931)
- 1905 – Richard Haydn, British actor (d. 1985)
- 1907 – Christopher Del Sesto, Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1973)
- 1909 – LeRoy Collins, Governor of Florida (d. 1991)
- 1915 – Charles Groves, English conductor (d. 1992)
- 1915 – Harry Bertoia, Italian artist (d. 1978)
- 1918 – Günther Rall, German fighter pilot (d. 2009)
- 1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist (d. 2015)
- 1923 – Hans Riegel, German entrepreneur (Haribo) (d. 2013)
- 1925 – Bob Lanier, American politician, 58th Mayor of Houston, Texas (d. 2014)
- 1926 – Marques Haynes, American basketball player (d. 2015)
- 1926 – Oscar Quitak, British actor
- 1927 – Jupp Derwall, German footballer and manager (d. 2007)
- 1928 – Sara Montiel, Spanish singer and actress (d. 2013)
- 1928 – James Earl Ray, convicted assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr. (d. 1998)
- 1929 – Arthur Barnard, American hurdler
- 1930 – Jimmie Macgregor, Scottish folk music singer and broadcaster
- 1932 – Marcia Falkender, English politician
- 1933 – Elizabeth Azcona Cranwell, Argentine poet and translator (d. 2004)
- 1933 – Ralph Emery, American television host
- 1936 – Alfredo Zitarrosa, Uruguayan singer, poet and composer (d. 1989)
- 1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss President of FIFA
- 1938 – Ieronymus II, Archbishop of Athens
- 1938 – Norman Blake, American musician
- 1939 – Ashgar Ali Engineer, Indian writer and activist (d. 2013)
- 1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor and martial artist
- 1946 – Peter Temple, Australian writer (d. 2018)
- 1947 – Kim Campbell, 19th Prime Minister of Canada
- 1947 – Piers Corbyn, brother of Jeremy Corbyn
- 1947 – Tom Scholz, American songwriter and guitarist
- 1948 – Austin Carr, American basketball player
- 1948 – Pat Gallagher, Irish politician
- 1949 – Bill Buxton, Canadian computer scientist and designer
- 1950 – Colin McGinn, British philosopher

### 1951 – 1975

- 1951 – Brad Fiedel, American movie score composer
- 1951 – Gloria Diaz, Filipino model and actress
- 1952 – Mike O'Donnell, English musician and composer
- 1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, former Prime Minister of Zimbabwe, leader of the Movement for Democratic Change (d. 2018)
- 1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian screenwriter, producer and movie director
- 1954 – Luc Dardenne, Belgian movie director, producer and screenwriter
- 1955 – Yousra, Egyptian actress and singer
- 1956 – Robert Llewellyn, British writer, actor and presenter
- 1956 – Henry Smith, Scottish footballer
- 1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi-born Islamic extremist (al-Qaeda) (d. 2011)
- 1957 – Hilary Devey, English businesswoman
- 1957 – Hans-Peter Friedrich, German politician
- 1957 – Terry Holmes, Welsh rugby player
- 1957 – Shannon Tweed, Canadian actress and model
- 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress
- 1958 – Garth Crooks, English footballer and pundit
- 1958 – Frankie Ruiz, American singer (d. 1998)
- 1960 – Antonio Corgos, Spanish long jumper
- 1961 – Laurel Clark, American physician and astronaut (d. 2003)
- 1961 – Mitch Gaylord, American gymnast, actor and stuntman
- 1962 – Jasmine Guy, American actress
- 1962 – Seiko Matsuda, Japanese pop singer
- 1963 – Jeff Ament, American musician
- 1964 – Dave Bowman, Scottish footballer
- 1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
- 1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer
- 1966 – Edie Brickell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1968 – Pavel Srnicek, Czech footballer (d. 2015)
- 1969 – Paget Brewster, American actress
- 1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor
- 1971 – Steve Arnold, British racing driver
- 1972 – Timbaland, American rapper
- 1973 – Eva Herzigova, Czech model
- 1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer
- 1973 – Mauricio Taricco, Argentine footballer
- 1974 – Keren Ann, Israeli–Dutch singer
- 1974 – Biz Stone, American businessman, co–founder of Twitter
- 1975 – Jerry Horton, American guitarist

### From 1976

- 1976 – Haifa Wehbe, Lebanese singer
- 1976 – Kisaki, Japanese bass player, singer and songwriter
- 1976 – Ane Brune, Norwegian singer
- 1977 – Peter Enckelman, Finnish footballer
- 1977 – Shannon Miller, American gymnast
- 1977 – Colin Murray, Northern Irish radio and television presenter
- 1977 – Robin Thicke, American singer (Blurred Lines)
- 1977 – Bree Turner, American actress
- 1978 – Neil Alexander, Scottish footballer
- 1978 – Benjamin Burnley, American musician
- 1978 – Camille, French singer
- 1979 – Danny Pudi, American actor and comedian
- 1981 – Samuel Eto'o, Cameroonian footballer
- 1981 – Kokkai Futoshi, Georgian–Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1981 – Steven Reid, Irish footballer
- 1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player
- 1983 – Rafe Spall, English actor
- 1983 – Janet Mock, American writer, television host and activist
- 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer
- 1984 – Carol Castro, Brazilian actress
- 1984 – Olivia Wilde, American actress
- 1985 – Lassana Diarra, French footballer
- 1985 – Pastor Maldonado, Venezuelan racing driver
- 1987 – Emeli Sandé, Scottish singer
- 1987 – Ebba Jungmark, Swedish athlete
- 1987 – Tuukka Rask, Finnish ice hockey player
- 1987 – Liu Shishi, Chinese actress and ballerina
- 1988 – Ivan Rakitic, Croatian footballer
- 1990 – Inna Deriglazova, Russian foil fencer
- 1991 – Kadeena Cox, English Paralympic athlete
- 1992 – Emily Osment, American actress and singer
- 1993 – Jack Butland, English footballer
- 1993 – Nooa Takooa, Kiribati athlete
- 1994 – JoJo Offerman, American wrestler and singer
- 1995 – Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
- 1997 – Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player

### Up to 1900

- 483 – Pope Simplicius
- 1291 – Arghun, Persian ruler
- 1315 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic and saint (b. 1244)
- 1391 – Tvrtko I, King of Bosnia (b. 1338)
- 1588 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (b. 1533)
- 1607 – Yaqob, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1590)
- 1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)
- 1826 – King John VI of Portugal (b. 1767)
- 1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian composer (b. 1752)
- 1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (b. 1814)
- 1864 – Maximilian II of Bavaria (b. 1811)
- 1864 – Jack Slade, American frontier figure (b. 1831)
- 1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian politician (b. 1805)
- 1889 – Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1831)
- 1889 – Antonio de Trueba, Spanish writer (b. 1819)
- 1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English–French fashion designer (b. 1826)
- 1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)
- 1898 – Marie-Eugenie de Jesus, French Catholic nun (b. 1817)

### 1901 – 2000

- 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, conductor and composer (b. 1824)
- 1910 – Karl Lueger, Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)
- 1913 – Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist (b. 1820)
- 1924 – Chester Hardy Aldrich, American politician, 17th Governor of Nebraska (b. 1862)
- 1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian writer (b. 1884)
- 1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian writer (b. 1891)
- 1942 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist (b. 1862)
- 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1886)
- 1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American writer (b. 1900)
- 1950 – Marguerite Da La Motte, American actress (b. 1902)
- 1951 – Kijuro Shidehara, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
- 1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist (b. 1888)
- 1982 – Minoru Shirota, inventor of Yakult (b. 1899)
- 1984 – June Marlowe, American actress (b. 1903)
- 1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1911)
- 1985 – C. B. van Niel, Dutch microbiologist (b. 1897)
- 1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh–American actor (b. 1907)
- 1988 – Andy Gibb, English–born singer (b. 1958)
- 1992 – Giorgos Zampetas, Greek composer and musician (b. 1925)
- 1997 – LaVern Baker, American actor (b. 1913)
- 1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor (b. 1913)

### From 2001

- 2001 – Massimo Morsello, Italian musician and activist (b. 1958)
- 2006 – John Profumo, British politician (b. 1915)
- 2007 – Richard Jeni, American actor (b. 1957)
- 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (b. 1971)
- 2010 – Dorothy Janis, American actress (b. 1910)
- 2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian Muslim cleric (b. 1928)
- 2012 – Jean Giraud, French comic book artist (b. 1938)
- 2012 – Nick Zoricic, Canadian skier (b. 1983)
- 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and physicist (b. 1927)
- 2013 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, British–born Swedish royal (b. 1915)
- 2014 – Cynthia Lynn, Latvian–American actress (b. 1937)
- 2014 – Joe McGinniss, American journalist and writer (b. 1942)
- 2015 – Stuart Wagstaff, British–Australian entertainer (b. 1925)
- 2015 – Claude Sitton, American newspaper reporter (b. 1925)
- 2016 – Ken Adam, German–English production designer (b. 1921)
- 2016 – Ernestine Anderson, American jazz and blues singer (b. 1928)
- 2016 – Anita Brookner, English writer (b. 1928)
- 2016 – Keith Emerson, English keyboardist and songwriter (b. 1944)
- 2016 – Claude Estier, French politician (b. 1925)
- 2016 – Bill Gadsby, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1927)
- 2016 – Gogi Grant, American singer (b. 1924)
- 2016 – Roberto Perfumo, Argentine footballer (b. 1942)
- 2016 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1920)
- 2017 – Gido Kokars, Latvian choir conductor (b. 1921)
- 2017 – Bill Leak, Australian cartoonist (b. 1956)
- 2017 – John Surtees, English racing driver and motorcycle racer (b. 1934)
- 2017 – John Forgeham, English actor (b. 1941)
- 2017 – Tony Haygarth, English actor (b. 1945)
- 2017 – Joni Sledge, American singer and songwriter (b. 1956)
- 2017 – Anna Tramontano, Italian biologist (b. 1957)
- 2017 – Richard Wagamese, Canadian writer and journalist (b. 1955)
- 2017 – Robert James Waller, American writer (b. 1939)
- 2018 – Garech Browne, Irish arts patron (b. 1939)
- 2018 – Hubert de Givenchy, French fashion designer (b. 1927)
- 2018 – Wally Gould, English footballer (b. 1938)
- 2018 – Ralf Waldmann, German motorcycle racer (b. 1966)
- 2018 – Michel Raynaud, French mathematician (b. 1938)
- 2019 – William Powers Jr., American educator (b. 1946)

## Observances

- Mar.10 Day: Mario Day of Nintendo
- Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan Independence Supporters)