juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Albany County, Wyoming

**Albany County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming, and was created on December 16, 1868. As of 2020, 37,066 people lived there. Albany County's seat is Laramie.

### City

- Laramie (county seat)

### Town

- Rock River

### Census-designated places

- Albany
- Centennial
- Fox Park
- Woods Landing-Jelm

### Unincorporated communities

- Binford
- Bosler
- PhinDeli
- Garrett
- Harmony
- The Buttes
- Tie Siding

## Other websites

- Official county website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Albany County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **flag**: Flag of Albany County, Wyoming.gif
- **founded year**: 1868
- **founded date**: December 16
- **seat wl**: Laramie
- **largest city wl**: Laramie
- **area total sq mi**: 4309
- **area land sq mi**: 4274
- **area water sq mi**: 35
- **area percentage**: 0.8
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 37066
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **web**: www.co.albany.wy.us
- **ex image**: LARAMIE DOWNTOWN HISTORIC DISTRICT, ALBANY COUNTY,WYOMING.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Albany County Courthouse
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Albany, New York
Natrona County, Wyoming

**Natrona County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It was created on December 16, 1868. As of 2020, 79,955 people lived there. Natrona County's seat is Casper.

### Cities

- Casper (county seat)

### Towns

- Bar Nunn
- Edgerton
- Evansville
- Midwest
- Mills

### Census-designated places

- Alcova
- Antelope Hills
- Bessemer Bend
- Brookhurst
- Casper Mountain
- Hartrandt
- Homa Hills
- Meadow Acres
- Mountain View
- Powder River
- Red Butte
- Vista West

### Unincorporated communities

- Arminto
- Hiland
- Natrona

## Other websites

- Official county website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Natrona County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **flag**: Flag of Natrona County, Wyoming.gif
- **seat wl**: Casper
- **largest city wl**: Casper
- **area total sq mi**: 5376
- **area land sq mi**: 5340
- **area water sq mi**: 35
- **area percentage**: 0.7%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 79955
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **web**: www.natronacounty-wy.gov
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Natron deposits
- **ex image**: NatronaCountyCourthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Natrona County Courthouse in Casper
Manufacturing engineering

**Manufacturing engineering** is a field of engineering dealing with the design, development, and implementation of integrated systems of humans, machines, and information resources to provide products and services.

Manufacturing engineering applies knowledge and skills in the physical, social, engineering, and management sciences, as well as in human sciences, computer systems and information technologies, manufacturing processes, operations research, production, and automation.

## Related pages

- Civil engineering
- Structural engineering
- Electrical engineering
Nuclear engineering

**Nuclear engineering** is a field of engineering dealing with application of atomic nuclei breakdown and other sub-atomic physics, based on the principles of nuclear physics. It includes the interaction and maintenance of nuclear fission systems and components such as nuclear reactors, nuclear power plants, and nuclear weapons.

Nuclear engineering also includes the study of nuclear fusion, medical and other applications of radiation, radiation safety, heat transport, nuclear fuel and other related technologies, nuclear proliferation, and the effect of radioactive waste or radioactivity on the environment.

## Other websites

- Major: Nuclear Engineering
- Nuclear Science and Engineering
Edie Falco

**Edie Falco** (born July 5, 1963) is an American movie, television and stage actress. She plays Carmela in HBO's _The Sopranos_. She starred in _Nurse Jackie_ as the title character. She also acted in many movies.
Cymbeline

***The Tragedy of Cymbeline***  is a play by William Shakespeare. It is based on a story in a book called _Holinshed's Chronicles_ by Raphael Holinshed. Shakespeare also used _History of the Kings of Britain_ by Geoffrey of Monmouth about the real-life British king Cunobelinus. Shakespeare also used a story in a book by Giovanni Boccaccio called _Decameron_ for some details. The first known performance was in April 1611. It was first printed in 1623 in the First Folio, a collection of all of Shakespeare's plays.

## Other websites

- Cymbeline  – searchable, indexed e-text
- Cymbeline  – Full text at M.I.T.
- Cymbeline  – Scene-indexed play
- Cymbeline – HTML version.
- Cymbeline – Scene-indexed and searchable version of the text.
- Cymbeline  – plain text from Project Gutenberg
- Cymbeline – different plain text edition
Systems engineering

**Systems engineering** is a field of engineering that deals with complex engineering projects which should be designed and managed over the life cycle of the project. Therefore, issues such as logistics, the coordination of different teams, and automatic control of machinery become really complicated. Systems engineering deals with work-processes and tools to handle such projects. For this, it applies both technical and human-centered disciplines such as control engineering, industrial engineering, organizational studies, and project management.
Leigh Francis

**Leigh Francis** (born 30 April 1973) is an English comedy performer best known for his portrayal of foreign celebrity-obsessed character Avid Merrion in Channel 4 comedy programme _Bo' Selecta!_, as well as Northern businessman Keith Lemon in _Keith Lemon's Very Brilliant World Tour_ and _Celebrity Juice_. As Keith Lemon, he has also made many appearances on _Big Brother's_ companion shows _Big Brother's Little Brother_ and _Big Brother's Big Mouth_.

## Filmography

- Keith Lemon: The Film (2012)

## Other websites

- Leigh Francis Official Website

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Leigh Francis
- **birth name**: Leigh Francis
- **image**: File:Keith Lemon (8464862242) (cropped).jpg
- **birth place**: Leeds, Beeston, Leeds, England
- **alias**: Avid Merrion
 Keith Lemon
- **notable work**: _Bo' Selecta!_ (2002–2006)
 _A Bear's Tail_ (2005)
 _Keith Lemon's Very Brilliant World Tour_ (2008)
 _Celebrity Juice_ (2008–)
 _Keith Lemon's LemonAid, LemonAid_ (2012–)
- **medium**: Television
- **nationality**: British people, British
- **active**: 1995–present
- **genre**: Character comedy
 Impressionist (entertainment), Impressions
 Parody
 Sketch comedy, Sketch
- **subject**: Celebrity
- **spouse**: Jill Carter (m. 2003)
Hurricane Flora

**Hurricane Flora** was among the deadliest Atlantic hurricanes. This hurricane happened in Autumn 1963. The storm hit southwestern Haiti at peak intensity (her winds peaked at 145 miles per hour). Flora then drifted over Cuba for almost four days before heading northeast into the Atlantic. Between seven thousand and eight thousand people died due to Flora. At that time, the death toll was the most from any storm since the Galveston Hurricane in September 1900. The name **Flora** was later retired.
Dance-pop

**Dance-pop** is a genre of pop music that originated in the 1980s and is still popular nowadays. It incorporates elements of normal pop music, and it is (usually) fast-paced and upbeat. This is a common genre for many artists, including Lady Gaga, Michael Jackson, Madonna, Rihanna, Kesha, Britney Spears, Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, and Katy Perry.
Electropop

**Electropop** (also called **technopop**) is a musical genre in which electronic music and pop music are combined together. The genre has been popular since the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. "Electropop" is the short form of "electronic pop".

## Infobox (music genre)

- **name**: Electropop
- **bgcolor**: white
- **color**: black
- **popularity**: Large, worldwide mostly during early to mid 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s
- **subgenrelist**: List of electronic music genres - List of pop music genres
- **other topics**: Europop, Synthpop
Doc Walker

**Doc Walker** is a country music band from Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, Canada, which is near Winnipeg. Band members are Murray Pulver - guitars and vocals, Chris Thorsteinson - lead vocals and guitars, Dave Wasyliw - vocals and guitars. They have been together since the band formed in 1995, have been called "the hardest working country band in Canada".

They have had several Top 10 songs on the charts. Hits include "Beautiful Life", "From Here", and "I'm Gonna Make You Love Me". Other great songs are "That Train", "North Dakota Boy", "Rocket Girl", "Driving With the Breaks On", "Coming Home", and "Whoever Made Those Rules".

“Simplicity is the best hook sometimes,” - Chris Thorsteinson.

Doc Walker is signed to Open Road Recordings and managed by RGK Entertainment Group.

"Coming Home" was released to radio in June 2009, as the lead single from the group's sixth studio album, _Go_, released in early September 2009.

"Country Girl" was released to radio in July 2011, as the lead single from the group's seventh studio album, _16 & 1_, released August 29 physically and August 30, 2011, digitally

## Other websites

- http://www.cmt.ca/Artist/DocWalker
- http://docwalker.ca/
Mechatronics engineering

**Mechatronics** (or **mechatronic engineering**) is a combination of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, computer engineering, control engineering, and systems-design engineering in order to design and manufacture some useful products. Mechatronics is an engineering system design that combines several areas of study and avoids splitting engineering into separate disciplines.

## Related pages

- Cybernetics
- Mechanical engineering
- Computer engineering
- Control engineering
- Electronic engineering
- Systems engineering
Three's Company

***Three's Company*** is an American situation comedy. It aired on the ABC network. It began in March 1977 and ended in September 1984.

The show is a remake of the British sitcom _Man About the House_. Nowadays the domestic distribution rights are handled by creator Don L. Taffner's estate and the international rights are handled by FremantleMedia (whose company Thames originated the sitcom _Man About the House_).

The show is set in Santa Monica, California. It is about a man pretending to be gay so his landlord won't evict him, it is also about financial struggling such as the roommates not being able to pay their rent. The sitcom heavily relies on innuendo and sexy misunderstandings. It is also a comedy of errors. The show had two spinoffs also based on Britcoms: _The Ropers_ (_George & Mildred_) & _Three's a Crowd_ (_Robin's Nest_).

The series was later the subject of the made-for-TV movie _Behind the Camera: the Unauthorized Story of Three's Company_. The movie showed how cast changes led to the show ending.

## Cast

- John Ritter,
- Joyce DeWitt
- Suzanne Somers,
- Jenilee Harrison
- Priscilla Barnes
- Richard Kline
- Ann Wedgeworth (who only appeared in eleven episodes of season four)
- Norman Fell
- Audra Lindley (Fell and Lindley left after season three for their own series)
- Don Knotts (who played the new landlord)
Theriodont

**Theriodonts**  are a major group of therapsids. They are a clade which include not only the traditional theriodonts, but also their descendants the mammals as well (in the same way that theropod dinosaurs include the birds as a sub-clade).

They can be defined in traditional terms as a suborder of Synapsida that lived from the Middle Permian to the Middle Cretaceous. Theriodonts appeared about 265 million years ago, in the Middle Permian. Even these early theriodonts were more mammal-like than their relatives.

Theriodonts fall into three main groups: Gorgonopsia, Therocephalia and Cynodontia. Early theriodonts may have been warm-blooded. Early forms were carnivorous, but several later groups became herbivorous during the Triassic.

Theriodont jaws were more mammal-like than was the case of other therapsids, because their dentary (lower jaw) was larger, which gave them more efficient chewing. Several other bones that were previously on the lower jaw, moved into the ears, allowing the theriodonts to hear better and their mouths to open wider. This made the theriodonts the most successful group of synapsids.

**Eutheriodonts** refer to all theriodonts except the gorgonopsians (the most primitive group). They included the therocephalians, cynodonts and their descendants – the mammals. The name means "true beast tooth". The eutheriodonts have larger skulls, accommodating larger brains and improved jaw muscles.

The theriodonts (eutheriodonts) are one of the two synapsid survivors of the great Permian–Triassic extinction event, the other being the dicynodonts. Therocephalians included both carnivorous and herbivorous forms; both died out after the Lower Triassic.

The remaining theriodonts, the cynodonts, also included carrnivores such as _Cynognathus_, as well as newly evolved herbivorous Traversodonts.  While Traversodonts for the most part remained medium-sized to reasonably large (length of largest species up to 2 meters), the carnivorous forms became progressively smaller as the Triassic progressed.

By the Upper Triassic the small cynodonts included the rodent-like tritylodonts (possibly related to or descended from travsersodonts), and the tiny, shrew-like, trithelodonts, which evolved into the first mammals. The trithelodonts died out during the Jurassic, and the tritylodonts survived in the Cretaceous, but the mammals continued to evolve. Many mammal groups managed to survive the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event, which wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs, allowing the mammals to diversify and dominate the Earth.
Laura Ingraham

**Laura Anne Ingraham** (born 19 June 1963) is an American conservative political commentator, author and radio host. Her nationally syndicated talk show _The Laura Ingraham Show_ was broadcast for nine years on the Talk Radio Network. She has been known for her controversial statements against the left wing party.

## Personal life

Ingraham is a converted Roman Catholic, after attending a Baptist church until the age of twelve. She studied Spanish and Russian.

Ingraham has dated George Conway and Dinesh D'Souza, fellow conservatives.

In April 2005, Ingraham announced that she had undergone treatment for breast cancer.

She is a single parent of three children: a girl, Maria, from Guatemala adopted in 2008; a boy, Michael Dmitri, from Russia adopted in 2009; and a second boy, Nikolai Peter, adopted from Russia in 2011.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Laura Ingraham
- **image**: Laura Ingraham (52251744763) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Ingraham in 2022
- **birth name**: Laura Anne Ingraham
- **birth place**: Glastonbury, Connecticut, U.S.
- **education**: Dartmouth College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
University of Virginia (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 3
Peptide bond

A **peptide bond** is a special chemical bond that happens between two amino acids. In the reaction (called condensation), the two amino acids are combined into a _dipeptide_.
Repenomamus

***Repenomamus*** is the largest known mammal from the Cretaceous period. Its fossil was found in Manchuria.

There is good evidence that it fed on dinosaurs. It is not known whether _Repenomamus_ was a hunter or a scavenger.

## Life style

_Repenomamus_ was carnivorous.  A specimen of _R. robustus_ has been discovered with the fragmentary skeleton of a juvenile _Psittacosaurus_ preserved in its stomach.

This is the strongest evidence that Mesozoic mammals fed on dinosaurs, though there were earlier indications of this.

The larger species, _R. giganticus_, is the largest mammal known from the Cretaceous. _R. giganticus_ was more than 1 metre (39 inches) long and weighed about 12–14 kg (26–31 lb). Its skull measures 16 cm (6.25 in) long, its body 52 cm (20.5 in), and the preserved part of its tail 36 cm (14 in).

## Discovery

The fossils were recovered from the lagerstätte of the Yixian Formation in the Liaoning Province of China, renowned for its extraordinarily well-preserved fossils of feathered dinosaurs. They have been dated to 130 million years ago, during the Lower Cretaceous period.

_Repenomamus_ is a genus of triconodonts, a group of mammaliaformes with no modern relatives.
Population growth

|colspan=3 align="center" style="background-color: #cfb;"|Population||
| --- | --- | --- |
|–|1800|1|
|127|1927|2|
|33|1960|3|
|14|1974|4|
|13|1987|5|
|12|1999|6|
|12|2011|7|
|_12_|_2023_*|8|
|_14_|_2037_*|9|
|_18_|_2055_*|10|
|_33_|_2088_*|11|
|align="left" colspan=3|<small>*World Population Prospects 2017 (United Nations Population Division)</small>||

**Population growth** is the rate at which a population grows or expands. For example, if a population increased from 100 to 110 in a year, then it would have had a population growth of 10% per year.

**Population decline** is the opposite. It is when the population shrinks. It is also called **depopulation**. In 2024, the Cook Islands, Marshall Islands and Greece were the countries with the most population decline. The Cook Islands had the most decline out of the three.

## World population

World population has been rising since the end of the Black Death, around the year 1350.

Population began growing rapidly in the Western world during the industrial revolution. Several factors were notable: the coming of modern agriculture, and the control of epidemic diseases (black death, cholera, typhus). Modern water engineering brought clean water to many large cities. Deaths from world wars, especially WWI, reversed the trend, but only for a while.

The most significant increase in the world's population has been since the 1950s in Asia and Latin America. Medical advances, and increases in farming, have been the main causes.

A single example is both astonishing and revealing. Since 1945, half the forests of Indonesia have been replaced with farmland. As late as 1900, Indonesia was still a densely forested country: forests covered 84 percent of the total land area. Deforestation became serious in the 1970s, and has gone faster since then. About 170 million hectares (estimated in 1900) decreased to less than 100 million hectares by the end of the 20th century. In 2008, it was estimated that tropical rainforests in Indonesia would be logged out in a decade. Of the total logging in Indonesia, up to 80% is said to be done illegally.

## Related pages

- Overpopulation
- Population density

## Further reading

- YAN Kun(2011). The tendency equation of the population and its limit value in the United Kingdom (Brief annotation of the connection equation(R)), Xi'an: Xi'an Modern Nonlinear Science Applying Institute.
2010 United States Census

The **Twenty-Third United States Census**, known as **Census 2010** or **2010 Census** was a count of the population of the United States. It was done by the Census Bureau. It found that the population of the United States on April 1, 2010 was 308,745,538. This was an increase of 9.7 percent over the 281,421,906 people counted during the 2000 Census. This was the twenty-third federal census.

The Census Bureau did not use a long form for the 2010 Census. The 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions.

## Cost

The 2010 census cost $13 billion. It cost about $42 per capita. To compare, the 2010 census per-capita cost for China was about US$1; for India, the cost was US$0.40. Operational costs were $5.4 billion, under the $7 billion budget. In December 2010 the Government Accountability Office (GAO) noted that the cost of doing the census has doubled each decade since 1970. In a detailed 2004 report to Congress, the GAO asked the Census Bureau to fix cost and design problems. They estimated the 2010 Census cost to be $11 billion.

In August 2010, Commerce Secretary Gary Locke said that the census operational costs were a lot less than what they thought it would be. Their budget was almost $7 billion, but they saved:
- $650 million was saved in the budget for the door-to-door questioning (NRFU) phase because 72% of households returned mailed questionnaires;
- $150 million was saved because of lower-than-planned costs in areas including Alaska and tribal lands; and
- the $800 million emergency fund was not needed.

## Other websites

- 2010 Census
- 2010 United States Census Form
- U.S. Census Bureau
- The 2010 Census: Winners and Losers  – slideshow by _Life magazine_
- How to deep link into US Census Bureau FactFinder2 , see FactFinder2 info
- Census: As Red States Grow, So Do Hispanic Populations Within – video report by _Democracy Now!_

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Twenty-third Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 2010
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 308,745,538
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 9.7%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: California
37,253,956
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Wyoming
563,626
- **header7**: Logo
- **data8**:
Objectivism

**Objectivism** may mean:

- Objectivity (philosophy): A philosophical opinion or doctrine. It holds that reality exists outside (independent of) the human mind.

- Moral objectivism: that some acts are right or wrong in themselves, and are not matters of opinion.

- Objectivism (Ayn Rand). The objectivist philosophy created by novelist Ayn Rand, which endorses productive achievement and logical reasoning.

- The Objectivist poets, a group of Modernist writers who emerged in the 1930s.
Attila the Hun

**Attila**, or **Attila the Hun** (406-453), was a leader of the Huns from 434 AD until he died in 453 AD.He was one of the most common ruler.

Attila led the Hunnic Empire, and was known as a feared military commander. He invaded Gaul, and nearly captured the city of Aurelianum. In 451 AD, he lost the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains, the only one he ever lost. He also invaded Italy and attacked and looted several towns.

Attila died in 453. The traditional account of his death is that it happened the night after his marriage to a woman named Ildiko. The Huns declined in the years immediately after Attila's death.
SEPTA

The **Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority** (**SEPTA**) is an agency that is in control of many types of transport, including buses, commuter rail, elevated rail and subways. It operates 13 "Regional Rail" services in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area.

## Infobox (public transit)

- **name**: SEPTA
<small>(Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority)</small>
- **image**: SEPTA text.svg
- **alt**: Angled white "S" with the word SEPTA in blue underneath. The background to the left of the "S" is blue and red on the right.
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **locale**: Delaware Valley
- **transit type**: *Interurban
*Commuter rail
*Rapid transit
*Tram
*Transit bus
- **lines**: 196
- **stations**: 290
- **annual ridership**: 320,984,300
- **chief executive**: Leslie Richards
- **headquarters**: 1234Market Street, Philadelphia
- **website**: http://www.septa.org/
- **began operation**: 1965
- **operator**: SEPTA
<small>(some routes in Chester County, Pennsylvania, Chester Co. contracted)</small>
- **vehicles**: 2,295
- **track gauge**:

- **map**: , rapid transit, and trolley lines. Also includes connecting services.|thumb|250px|right|alt=Rail lines converge to Center City Philadelphia in a hub-and-spoke model.]]
Mount Pinatubo

**Mount Pinatubo** is a stratovolcano on Luzon in the Philippines. It is near the Tri-Cabusilan Mountain range, separating Luzon's west coast from the central plains.

Before 1991, the volcano was inconspicuous and heavily eroded. It was covered with dense forest, and several thousand indigenous people lived there. The volcano erupted in June 1991, destroying thousands of buildings and houses and killing over 800 people. It was the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century after the 1912 eruption of Novarupta and had a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 6. Mount Pinatubo's eruption effects were felt worldwide. There is now a caldera where before was the central cone.

It erupted in June 15, 1991 and is located on the island of Luzon in the Phillipines. Many lahars and pyroclastic flows damaged much of the infrastructure of the country. They also killed upwards of 800 people. Officials at the US marine base were able to evacuate many people, but property damage was costly, totaling billions of Phillipine pesos.
SEPTA Regional Rail

The transit agency **SEPTA** operates many **Regional Rail** services. SEPTA Regional Rail runs in the city and suburbs of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The lines were originally owned by the Reading Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad, long-time competitors. The Center City Commuter Connection connects the thirteen lines. The core stations in the CCCC are Suburban Station, the elevated 30th Street Station and Jefferson Station.
Brookings, South Dakota

**Brookings** is a city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Brookings County, and 23,377 people lived there at the 2020 census. Brookings was founded in 1883. The city of Brookings was named after Wilmot Wood Brookings, a pioneer promoter. South Dakota State University is located in Brookings. It is the largest university in the state.

## Other websites

- Brookings' Official city website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Brookings, South Dakota
- **nickname**: Scoreboard Town
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Brookings court house.jpg
- **image caption**: The court house in Brookings in 2007
- **image map**: Brookings_County_South_Dakota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Brookings_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Brookings County, South Dakota, Brookings County and the state of South Dakota
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: South Dakota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in South Dakota, County
- **subdivision name2**: Brookings County, South Dakota, Brookings
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **established title3**: Incorporated
- **established date3**: 1883
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 35.38
- **area land km2**: 35.17
- **area water km2**: 0.20
- **area total sq mi**: 13.66
- **area land sq mi**: 13.58
- **area water sq mi**: 0.08
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 23377
- **population density km2**: 664.59
- **population density sq mi**: 1721.30
- **population metro**: 34375
- **timezone**: Central Time Zone, Central
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1660
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 57006-57007
- **area code**: Area code 605, 605
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 46-07580
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1267299
Mama's Family

***Mama's Family*** was an American sitcom that aired beginning January 22, 1983 and ended February 24, 1990. The show was first canceled in May 1984, but returned in September 1986 in first-run syndication; between its cancellation and September 1985, NBC aired reruns of the sitcom.

The show's theme song is "Bless My Happy Home" by Emmy and Grammy award winner Peter Matz (music) and Vicki Lawrence (lyrics). The show's producers chose to use an instrumental version.

## Other websites

- The _Mama's Family_ Site

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Situation comedy, Sitcom
- **creator**: Dick Clair
Jenna McMahon
- **director**: Roger Beatty
Harvey Korman
Dick Martin (comedian), Dick Martin
Dave Powers
- **starring**: Vicki Lawrence
Ken Berry
Dorothy Lyman
Rue McClanahan
Eric Brown
Karin Argoud
Betty White
Beverly Archer
Allan Kayser
- **theme music composer**: Peter Matz
- **opentheme**: "Bless My Happy Home"
- **composer**: Peter Matz
Dick Walter
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 2
4
- **num episodes**: 35
95
130
- **list episodes**: List of Mama's Family episodes
- **location**: CBS Television City
Hollywood, California (1983–84)
Metromedia Square
 Hollywood, California (1986–90)
- **executive producer**: Joe Hamilton (producer), Joe Hamilton
- **producer**: Jim Evering
Neil Lebowitz
Dave Powers
Fred Rubin
- **camera**: Multi-camera setup, Multi-camera
- **runtime**: 24–25 minutes
21–22 minutes
- **company**: Joe Hamilton Productions
- **channel**: NBC (1983–1984)
Broadcast syndication, Syndicated (1986–90)
- **first aired**: –
University of South Dakota

**University of South Dakota** is a public university in Vermillion, South Dakota. The university has about 10,515 students. It was founded in 1862. The current president of the university is Sheila Gestring.

## Sports

The athletics teams of the university are called the Coyotes. They have 15 varsity teams, most of which compete in The Summit League. The football team plays in the Missouri Valley Football Conference.

## Other websites

- University of South Dakota's Official website
- South Dakota Coyotes' Official athletics website
South Dakota State University

**South Dakota State University** is a public university in Brookings, South Dakota. The university has about 12,816 students. It was founded in 1881. The current president of the university is Barry H. Dunn.

## Sports

The athletics teams of the university are called the Jackrabbits. They have 19 varsity teams, most of which compete in The Summit League. The football team plays in the Missouri Valley Football Conference.

## Other websites

- South Dakota State University's Official website
- South Dakota State Jackrabbits' Official athletics website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: South Dakota State University
- **image**: SDSUAgHeritageMuseum.JPG
- **established**: 1881
- **type**: Public university, Public
Land-grant university, Land-grant
Sun grant, Sun-grant
Space-grant
- **endowment**: $121.9 million (2017)
- **budget**: $323 million (2016)
- **president**: Barry H. Dunn
- **students**: 12,613
- **undergrad**: 10,799
- **postgrad**: 1,814
- **city**: Brookings, South Dakota, Brookings
- **state**: South Dakota
- **country**: United States
- **athletics**: NCAA Division I
Summit League
Missouri Valley Football Conference, MVFC
Big 12 Conference
- **nickname**: South Dakota State Jackrabbits, Jackrabbits
- **faculty**: 674
- **colors**: Blue and Yellow
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club

**Black Rebel Motorcycle Club** is an American rock band from San Francisco, California. Black Rebel Motorcycle Club has three members in the band; the current band members are Peter Hayes, Robert Levon Been and Leah Shapiro.

## Band members

- Current
- Peter Hayes – vocals, guitar, bass, synthesizer
- Robert Levon Been – vocals, bass, guitar, piano
- Leah Shapiro – drums, percussion

- Former
- Nick Jago - drums, percussion
- Peter Salisbury - drums, percussion
- Michael "Spike" Keating - bass, guitar

### Albums

- _B.R.M.C._ (2001)
- _Take Them On, On Your Own_ (2003)
- _Howl_ (2005)
- _Baby 81_ (2007)
- _The Effects of 333_ (2008)
- _Beat the Devil's Tattoo_ (2010)
- _Specter at the Feast_ (2013)
- _Wrong Creatures_ (2018)

## Other websites

- Black Rebel Motorcycle Club's Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Black Rebel Motorcycle Club
- **img**: Blackrebelmotorcycleclu.jpg
- **img capt**: Black Rebel Motorcycle Club in concert in 2007.
- **img size**: 250px
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: San Francisco, California, San Francisco, California,
United States
- **genre**: Alternative rock, garage rock revival, neo-psychedelia, hard rock, Shoegazing, shoegaze, Americana (music), americana
- **years active**: 1998-_present_
- **label**: Abstract Dragon, Vagrant Records, Vagrant, V2 Records, Co-Op, RCA Records, RCA/BMG, Island Records, Island, The Echo Label, Echo, Virgin Records, Virgin
- **url**: [http://www.blackrebelmotorcycleclub.com Official Website]
- **current members**: Peter Hayes
Robert Levon Been
Leah Shapiro
- **former members**: Nick Jago
Peter Salisbury
Michael "Spike" Keating
DJ Hero

***DJ Hero*** is a music video game, released on October 27, 2009 in North America, October 28, 2009 in Australia and on October 29, 2009 in Europe. The game was released for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Wii video game consoles. The game uses a turntable-shaped controller that allows players to simulate the motions of a DJ. The game is a spin-off of the _Guitar Hero_ video game series. It was well-received by journalists. GameSpot gave the game a 8.0 for both the 360 and PS3 and IGN gave the game a 9.0 for both the 360 and PS3. The game had such good sales that it produced a sequel called _DJ Hero 2_.

## Other websites

- DJ Hero's official website

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: DJ Hero
- **image**: DJ Hero Logo.svg
- **developer**: FreeStyleGames, Exient Entertainment (Wii/PS2)
- **publisher**: Activision
- **series**: _Guitar Hero, Hero_
- **genre**: Music video game, Rhythm game
- **modes**: Single-player, multiplayer
- **platforms**: PlayStation 2,  PlayStation 3,  Wii,  Xbox 360
These Words

**"These Words"** is a pop and R&B single. It is sung by Natasha Bedingfield. It comes from Bedingfield's debut record _Unwritten_. It was the album's 2nd international single. The song hit top forty worldwide and was certified platinum for the United States and Australia. It was released in 2005 in the United States.
Jarome Iginla

**Jarome Arthur-Leigh Adekunle Tig Junior Elvis Iginla** (born July 1, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger. He played a total of 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Calgary Flames, Pittsburgh Penguins, Boston Bruins, Colorado Avalanche and Los Angeles Kings.

He played in the WHL for the Kamloops Blazers where he played three seasons. He was drafted by the Dallas Stars with the 11th overall pick in the 1995 NHL Draft but did not play a game with them. He also played for the Calgary Flames for 16 years where he was the captain. He was traded to the Pittsburgh Penguins on March 28, 2013 in exchange for Kenneth Agostino, Ben Hanowski, and a first-round draft pick in the 2013 NHL Draft. He played 28 combined games with the Penguins. He is a Christian of his father's faith. He is a part owner of the Kamloops Blazers.

On July 5, 2013, Iginla signed a one-year, $6 million contract with the Boston Bruins.

On July 1, 2014, Iginla signed three-year, $16 million contract with the Colorado Avalanche.

On March 1, 2017, the Avalanche traded Iginla to the Los Angeles Kings for a 2018 conditional fourth-round pick.

On July 30, 2018, Iginla announced his retirement.  He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame on June 24, 2020.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Jarome Iginla
- **image**: Jarome Iginla. 2008.JPG
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Iginla with the Calgary Flames in 2008
- **birth place**: Edmonton, Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 1
- **weight lb**: 210
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **shoots**: Right
- **played for**: Calgary Flames
Pittsburgh Penguins
Boston Bruins
Colorado Avalanche
Los Angeles Kings
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **draft**: 11th overall
- **draft year**: 1995
- **draft team**: Dallas Stars
- **career start**: 1996
- **career end**: 2017
- **halloffame**: 2020
Suze Orman

**Susan Lynn Orman**, better known as **Suze Orman** (born June 5, 1951) is an American financial advisor, motivational speaker, and television host. Orman was born in Chicago. She received her B.A. in social work. She worked as a financial advisor for Merrill Lynch. In 1983 she became the vice-president of investments at Prudential Bache Securities. In 1987, she founded the Suze Orman Financial Group. She hosts _The Suze Orman Show_ on CNBC since 2002. Orman has written seven New York Times best seller books. She also hosted six PBS specials based on her books, for which she won two daytime Emmy Awards. In addition to this, she also hosts programs on QVC.

## Infobox (person)

- **birthname**: Susan Lynn Orman
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **image**: Ms. magazine Cover - Fall 2008 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Orman on the cover of _Ms. magazine_ in 2008
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **known for**: _The Suze Orman Show_
- **education**: Bachelor of Arts in social work  Honorary Doctorate University of Illinois, Honorary Doctorate Bentley University
- **alma mater**: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1976)
- **occupation**: author, television personality, motivational speaker
- **spouse**: Kathy Travis (m. 2010)
- **website**: [http://www.suzeorman.com www.SuzeOrman.com]
Finding Nemo (video game)

***Finding Nemo*** is an action-adventure video game. The game was released for the Game Boy Advance, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube video game consoles. The game was also released for the Macintosh, Mobile phone, and for  Microsoft Windows. GameSpot gave the game a 6.2 for the Xbox, PS2 and GameCube and IGN gave the game a 6.0 for the Xbox, PS2 and GameCube. The game is based on the 2003 movie _Finding Nemo_.

There was also a sequel for the Nintendo DS called, Finding Nemo: Escape to the Big Blue that was released on February 9, 2006.

## Other websites

- Finding Nemo  at MobyGames

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Finding Nemo
- **developer**: KnowWonder (for the PC)
Traveller's Tales (for the Xbox, PS2 and GameCube)
Vicarious Visions (for the GBA)
- **publisher**: THQ
Disney Interactive
- **released**: **Windows**  & **Xbox**:
**Macintosh**:
**PlayStation 2**:
**Game Boy Advance**:
**GameCube**:
**Mobile**:
- **genre**: Action-adventure game, Action-adventure
- **modes**: Single player
- **platforms**: Game Boy Advance
Apple Macintosh, Macintosh
Mobile game, Mobile
PlayStation 2, PS2
Xbox
Microsoft Windows
Nintendo GameCube
Estelle Getty

**Estelle Getty** (July 25, 1923  July 22, 2008) was an American actress. She was born in New York City to Polish immigrants and was Jewish. She is best known for playing Sophia on the television show _The Golden Girls_ from 19851992. She also starred in several motion pictures and other television sitcoms.

## Early life

Estelle Scher was the daughter of the Polish-Jewish immigrants Sarah and Charles Scher. Her father opened a glass business in New York City.

## Career

She had an acting career and got a job in New York and then, she began to appear in films.

From 1985-1992 she played in _The Golden Girls_ as _Sophia Petrillo_. In 1986, she was awarded a Golden Globe Award and in 1988, an Emmy Award.
In the spinoff series _The Golden Palace_ (1992-1993), she played the same role
After the end of _The Golden Girls_ and _The Golden Palace_ she played the role of _Sophia_ in _Empty Nest_.

She was also in films like _Stuart Little_ and _Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot_ with Sylvester Stallone.

## Personal life and death

In 1947 she married Arthur Gettleman and took the surname of her husband. She changed the surname in Getty. In 2000 she was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and didn't appear in public. In 2004,  her husband died and she moved to Los Angeles.  She died in 2008,  just three days before her 85th birthday. In her later years, after retiring from acting, she also battled Lewy body dementia.

## Other websites

- Telegraph obituary
Aqua (band)

**Aqua** is a Danish-Norwegian group who sing dance-pop music. The group were first signed in 1994. They have made two studio albums, two compilation albums, two remix albums and sixteen singles. The group split up in 2001 and reformed in 2007.

## Discography

|Year|Single|Album|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1995|Itsy Bitsy Spider|None|
|1996|Roses are Red|_Aquarium_|
|1997|My Oh My||
|Barbie Girl|||
|I Didn't|||
|Doctor Jones|||
|Lollipop (Candyman)|||
|1998|Turn Back Time||
|Good Morning Sunshine|||
|2000|Cartoon Heroes|_Aquarius_|
|Around the World|||
|Bumble Bees|||
|We Belong to the Sea|||
|2009|Back to the 80's|_Greatest Hits_|
|My Mamma Said|||
|Spin Me a Christmas|||
|2011|How R U Doin?|_Megalomania_|
|Playmate to Jesus|||
|Like a Robot|||

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Aqua
- **img**: Aqua tour 2009.jpg
- **img capt**: Aqua performing live in 2009. From left to right: René Dif, Lene Nystrøm Rasted and Claus Norreen.
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Copenhagen, Denmark
- **genre**: Bubblegum dance, dance-pop, Eurodance, Europop, Synthpop, electropop
- **years active**: 1994–2001
2007–present
- **label**: Universal Music Group, Universal Music Denmark, MCA Records, MCA
- **associated acts**: Lazyboy
Hej Matematik
- **current members**: Lene Nystrøm
René Dif
Søren Rasted
Claus Norreen
Saturn Vue

The **Saturn Vue** was a car. It was a compact crossover SUV. General Motors made it. The Vue was part of the Saturn brand. The Saturn Corporation made it from 2002 to 2005.  The Vue was the first GM vehicle to use the Theta platform.

In 2006 GM introduced the second generation of the Vue, built by Opel. It was a rebadged Opel Antara with changes for the American market. This generation of the Vue was sold from 2007-2009 until Saturn stopped selling cars in 2010. The Vue is still being made by the General Motors company. General Motors reintroduced the Vue to fleets and companies as the Chevrolet Captiva Sport. In September 2014 GM announced that it would stop making the Captiva Sport and start selling its new subcompact CUV the Trax instead. Until 2012 the Vue was the only Saturn model that was re-introduced later followed by the Outlook's body style being used on the Acadia.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Saturn Vue
- **image**: 2nd Saturn Vue -- 08-28-2009.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Saturn Corporation (2002–2005)
Opel (2006–2014)
- **production**: 2002–2009 (Vue)
2008–2014
- **class**: Compact car, Compact Crossover SUV, CUV
- **body style**: 4-door SUV
- **platform**: GM Theta platform
- **related**: Opel Antara, Chevrolet Captiva Sport
Blister

A **blister** is a small pocket of fluid in an upper layer of the skin caused by friction, burning or freezing. Most blisters are filled with a clear fluid called serum or plasma (blister water). Some blisters, however, are filled with blood; they are called blood blisters.

## Blood blisters

A blood blister is a pocket of fluid filled with blood.
Saturn Outlook

The **Saturn Outlook** was a full-size crossover SUV that was built by General Motors' Saturn brand. The Outlook was made by the Saturn Corporation from 2006 to 2010 until Saturn went defunct in 2010. The Saturn Outlook replaced the Relay minivan, which was discontinued due to its unsuccessful sales. The vehicle received a 5 out of 5 stars for both frontal and side by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and was also named Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's Top Safety Pick in both 2008 and 2009. Although the Saturn brand is no longer active, GM has decided to use the base of the Outlook on the redesigned GMC Acadia.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Saturn Outlook
- **image**: Saturn Outlook XE.jpg
- **manufacturer**: General Motors
- **production**: 2007-2010
- **class**: Full-size crossover SUV
- **body style**: 4-door SUV
- **layout**: Transverse front engine front-wheel drive, four-wheel drive, all-wheel drive
- **predecessor**: Saturn Relay
- **platform**: GM Lambda platform
- **related**: Buick Enclave
GMC Acadia
Chevrolet Traverse
Saturn Relay

The **Saturn Relay** was a minivan that was built by General Motors' Saturn brand. The Relay was made by the Saturn Corporation from 2005 to 2007. The Relay was the first of two minivans made by the Saturn Corporation, with the only other minivan sold by Saturn being its successor, the Saturn Outlook. The Relay was one of a few Saturn vehicles that was a badge engineered. Due to poor sales, the Relay was replaced by the Saturn Outlook in 2006.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Saturn Relay
- **image**: Saturn Relay.jpg
- **manufacturer**: General Motors
- **production**: 2005-2007
- **class**: Minivan
- **body style**: 4-door Minivan
- **platform**: GM U platform, U-body
- **related**: Buick GL8
Buick Rendezvous
Buick Terraza
Chevrolet Uplander
Chevrolet Venture
Pontiac Aztek
Pontiac Montana (second generation)
Weeds (TV series)

***Weeds*** is an American comedy television series which was on Showtime from August 8, 2005 - September 16, 2012. The series is about a widow (who is played by Mary-Louise Parker) who is a mother of two sons Silas (who is played by Hunter Parrish) and Shane (who is played by Alexander Gould) and she turns to selling marijuana to support her family after her husband, Judah (who was played by Jeffrey Dean Morgan) suddenly dies.

## Other websites

- Weeds  on Showcase

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 26 mins.
- **camera**: Multi-camera
- **creator**: Jenji Kohan
- **starring**: Mary-Louise Parker
Hunter Parrish
Alexander Gould
Justin Kirk
Kevin Nealon
Elizabeth Perkins (from seasons 1 to 5)
Tonye Patano (from seasons 1 to 3)
Romany Malco (from seasons 1 to 3)
Allie Grant (from seasons 1 to 5)
Andy Milder
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **network**: Showtime
Showcase (TV channel), Showcase
- **location**: California
- **opentheme**: "Little Boxes"
- **num seasons**: 8
- **num episodes**: 102
The Highwayman (poem)

***The Highwayman*** is a long poem by Alfred Noyes published in 1906. It is written in ballad form. It wasn't very popular when first published, and is still a barely read narrative poem today.

## Story

_The Highwayman_ tells the story of a highwayman who is in love with the daughter of an innkeeper. Her name is Bess and she has long black hair and red lips. A jealous ostler (person who works in the stable) who is in love with Bess reports the highwayman to the army.

When they come to ambush him, Bess kills herself to warn him and save his life. When he hears about the way she died, he becomes very angry and is shot down on the highway. The poem ends by saying that the ghosts of the two lovers eat each other. What a happy ending
Source Code

***Source Code*** is a 2011 American science fiction-thriller movie that was produced by Mark Gordon, Jordan Wynn and Philippe Rousselet and was directed by Duncan Jones. Source Code was released on April 1, 2011 in North America. The movie gained very positive reviews with a 90% from Rotten Tomatoes and a 74 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast

- Jake Gyllenhaal as Colter Stevens
- Michelle Monaghan as Christina
- Vera Farmiga as Carol Goodwin
- Jeffrey Wright as Dr. Rutledge
- Cas Anvar as Hazmi
- Russell Peters as Max Denoff
- Michael Arden as Derek Frost

## Other websites

- Source Code's official website

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Source Code
- **director**: Duncan Jones
- **producer**: Mark Gordon
Jordan Wynn
Philippe Rousselet
- **writer**: Ben Ripley
- **starring**: Jake Gyllenhaal
Michelle Monaghan
Vera Farmiga
Jeffrey Wright (actor), Jeffrey Wright
Russell Peters
- **music**: Chris P. Bacon
- **cinematography**: Don Burgess
- **editing**: Paul Hirsch
- **distributor**: Summit Entertainment
- **released**: April 1, 2011
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $35 million
- **gross**: $63,264,000
Highwayman

The **highwayman** was a type of robber who attacked people who were travelling.  They were common in the British Isles from the time of Elizabeth I to the 1800s. Highwaymen rode on horses. They were thought to be socially superior to footpads (who robbed on foot).

## Crimes

Some highwaymen robbed alone, but others worked in gangs.  Some were men; others were women. They often targeted coaches because they did not have much defence, They stole money, jewellery and other valuable items.

The penalty for robbery with violence was execution by hanging. Soldiers attempted to catch highwaymen.

### Famous highwaymen

The 17th-century highwayman James Hind was hanged, drawn and quartered. As a supporter of King Charles, the Protectorate charged him with treason.

One of the most famous highwaymen was Dick Turpin, who was hanged for his crimes in 1739. The Australian bushranger  Ben Hall was said to be one too.

Not all highwaymen were men. The worst places for highwayman were Shooter's Hill and Finchely Common.