juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sonic & Knuckles

***Sonic & Knuckles*** is the fifth video game in the _Sonic the Hedgehog_ series. It was made by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis in 1994. It is the second part of _Sonic the Hedgehog 3_. In the game, players are able to play as Sonic the Hedgehog and Knuckles the Echidna.

A _Sonic 2_ or _Sonic 3_ cartridge can be inserted into it to unlock new modes for those games. This is called "Lock-on Technology".

## Plot

Continuing right after the ending of _Sonic 3_, Sonic and Tails discover the Super Emeralds in Mushroom Hill Zone. They are more powerful versions of the Chaos Emeralds. Sonic and Tails head to Hidden Palace Zone and fight Knuckles. After Sonic and Tails win, the three see Robotnik stealing the Master Emerald and betraying Knuckles. Knuckles switches sides and joins Sonic and Tails. Using the last of his energy, Knuckles leads them to Sky Sanctuary Zone so that they can climb onto the now-repaired Death Egg and confront Robotnik. If the player has collected all of the Super Emeralds in the special stages, Hyper Sonic can fight Robotnik's final weapon in outer space. After destroying it, Sonic returns the Master Emerald and leaves with Tails. Knuckles, as the emeralds' guardian, stays on the island.

## Infobox (video game)

- **image**: Sonic & Knuckles Genesis Cartridge.jpg
- **caption**: The game's special cartridge
Controller

**Controller** may refer to:

- Device controller, an object that lets someone control a device
- Controller (computing), a chip or expansion card that interfaces with a peripheral device
- Game controller, an device used for playing video games
- Air traffic controller, a person who directs aircraft
- Comptroller or financial controller, a senior accounting job

## Related pages

- Control
- Control unit
Half-Life (series)

***Half-Life*** is a series of video games created by Valve Corporation. The player plays as a character named Gordon Freeman, who is a survivor of a terrible accident at the Black Mesa Science Research Company. A group of scientists make a portal to another dimension, and accidentally let in many alien monsters that start killing everyone.

In the first game, _Half-Life_, made in 1998, you play through this disaster and try to escape. _Half-Life_ has received two expansions made by Gearbox Software, _Half-Life: Opposing Force_ and _Half-Life: Blue Shift_.

_Half-Life: Opposing Force_ and _Half-Life: Blue Shift_  take place in the Black Mesa Research Facility, Before the accident takes place. In _Opposing Force,_ you play as Adrian Shephard, Tasked with Infiltrating the facility to kill everyone, until suddenly The Player’s Designated Helicopter Crashes, and must now team up with Facility Personnel to Survive, _Blue Shift_ takes place Inside the facility moments before the accident and where you play as Barney Calhoun, a security guard who according to the Steam Store Page, “_helped Gordon get out of so many sticky situations_”.

In 2004, the sequel, _Half-Life 2_, was released. _Half-Life 2_ was followed by two expansions, _Half-Life 2: Episode One_ and _Half-Life 2: Episode Two_.

A related game, _Portal_, was released in 2007 and takes place in the same universe. _Portal_, _Half-Life 2_, _Half-Life 2: Episode One_, _Half-Life 2: Episode Two_, and _Team Fortress 2_ (a game not in the same universe as _Half-Life_ and _Portal_) were put together into one package for sale in 2007. This package is named _The Orange Box_.

## Infobox (video game series)

- **image**: Orange lambda.svg
- **title**: Half-Life
- **developer**: Valve Corporation (Half-Life)
Gearbox Software (Half-Life: Opposing Force, Half-Life: Blue Shift)
- **genre**: First-Person Shooter
science fiction video game
- **platforms**: Playstation 2 (Half-Life)
Xbox (Half-Life 2)
Windows/CD-ROM
Xbox 360 (Half-Life 2 and Episodes 1 and 2)
MacOS
Linux
- **platform of origin**: Playstation 2
Windows/CD-ROM
Linux
MacOS
- **first release version**: Half-Life
- **latest release version**: Half-Life: Alyx
- **first release date**: November 8, 1998
- **collapsible**: =yes
- **latest release date**: March 23, 2020
- **publisher**: Valve Corporation (Steam)
Sierra Entertainment (CD-ROM)
Frank Oz

**Frank Oz** (born **Frank Richard Oznowicz** on May 25, 1944) is an American actor, filmmaker and puppeteer. He is known for his work on _The Muppets_, _Star Wars_, and _Sesame Street_. He also directed some popular films, such as _Little Shop of Horrors_ and _Dirty Rotten Scoundrels_. His most popular puppets are Yoda and Cookie Monster. He played Cookie Monster, Bert and Grover on Sesame Street and he did Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, and Sam the Eagle on the Muppets.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frank Oz
- **image**: Frank Oz 2012.jpg
- **caption**: Oz at the 38th Annual Saturn Awards 2012
- **birth name**: Frank Richard Oznowicz
- **birth place**: Hereford, Herefordshire, England
- **nationality**: American
- **education**: Oakland Technical High School
- **alma mater**: Laney College, Oakland City College
- **years active**: 1961–present
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 4
Electron crystallography

**Electron crystallography** is a method to determine the arrangement of atoms in solids using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

This method works in many cases where X-ray crystallography does not. The latter needs large 3-D crystals to work.

Protein structures are usually done from 2-dimensional crystals (sheets or helices), polyhedrons such as viral capsids, or dispersed proteins. Electrons can be used in these situations, whereas X-rays cannot, because electrons interact more strongly with atoms than X-rays do.

Electron crystallography is a method to determine the arrangement of atoms in solids using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The method was invented by Aaron Klug, who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this, and his studies on virus structures and transfer RNA, in 1982.

The first electron crystallographic protein structure to be solved was bacteriorhodopsin in 1990.
Since then, several other high-resolution structures have been done by electron crystallography, including the light-harvesting complex, and the bacterial flagellum.

## Related pages

- Crystallography
- X-ray crystallography
- Spectroscopy
Paul Nurse

Sir **Paul Maxime Nurse** <small>OM CH</small> <small>PRS</small> (Paul Maxime Nurse, born Norwich, 25 January 1949) is a British geneticist and cell biologist.

He was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Leland Hartwell and Timothy Hunt, for their discoveries about cell division.

They discovered cycle of cell division is regulated by cyclin and cyclin dependent kinases.

Sir Paul is the current President of the Royal Society and Chief Executive and Director of the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation.

He is also Emeritus Professor and Head of the Laboratory for Yeast genetics and Cell Biology at the Rockefeller University, New York City.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1991.

Nurse was awarded the Royal Society's Copley Medal in 2005.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Sir Paul Nurse
- **image**: Paul Nurse portrait.jpg
- **caption**: Paul Nurse
- **birth place**: Norwich, Norfolk, England
- **nationality**: British people, British
- **fields**: Genetics/cell biology
- **alma mater**: University of Birmingham
University of East Anglia
- **known for**: Cell cycle regulation
- **awards**: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001
Copley Medal in 2005
Dysnomia

The term **Dysnomia** can refer to three different concepts:
- A disorder affecting the mind, see Dysnomia (disorder)
- A daughter of the goddess Eris (mythology), usually translated as _lawlessness_, see Dysnomia (mythology)
- A moon of the dwarf planet Eris, see Dysnomia (moon)
Kevin DuBrow

**Kevin Mark DuBrow** (October 29, 1955 – November 19, 2007) was an American singer of rock music. He is best known as the lead singer of the heavy metal band Quiet Riot from 1975, when the band started, until 2007, when he died.

On December 10, 2007, media reported that DuBrow had been found dead on the afternoon of November 25, 2007. He died because he took an accidental overdose of cocaine.
Fighting game

A **fighting game** is a video game in which two or more players battle for the winning spot, usually by fighting to the death or K.O.. Most fighting games have a selection of characters with different abilities. Some popular fighting games are _Mortal Kombat_, _Street Fighter_, and _Soul Calibur_.
Push-button

A **push-button** is a switch in the shape of a small button or knob. When it is pushed it completes an electrical circuit that controls something. For example, a doorbell rings when a person pushes a button, or numbers are displayed on a calculator or even when you are playing a machine game at an arcade.
Heavyweights

***Heavyweights*** is a 1995 Disney movie directed by Steven Brill. _Heavyweights_ is about a fat camp for children that is taken over by fitness expert Tony Perkis (Ben Stiller).

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Heavyweights
- **director**: Steven Brill (scriptwriter), Steven Brill
- **producer**: Roger Birnbaum
Joe Roth
Michael Fottrell
Judd Apatow
Jack Giarraputo
- **writer**: Steven Brill
Judd Apatow
- **music**: J. A. C. Redford
- **cinematography**: Victor Hammer (cinematographer), Victor Hammer
- **editing**: C. Timothy O'Meara
- **studio**: Walt Disney Pictures
Caravan Pictures
- **distributor**: Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, Buena Vista Pictures
- **runtime**: 100 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **gross**: $17.6 million
Stan and Jan Berenstain

**Stan and Jan Berenstain** were American authors and illustrators. They are best known for their books about the "Berenstain Bears" and "Blair Investigates".

**Stanley Melvin Berenstain** (September 29, 1923 – November 26, 2005) was born in West Philadelphia. **Janice Marian Berenstain** (July 26, 1923 – February 24, 2012) was also born in Philadelphia. Both served in World War II.

On November 26, 2005, Stanley Berenstain died of cancer. He was 82. Jan died February 24, 2012, from a stroke.

## Books

The couple's first published a book in 1951. It was _The Berenstains' Baby Book_. They then published two more books on parenthood.

The first book with the Berenstain Bears was _The Big Honey Hunt_. It was published in 1962 and the first book with the Blair Investigates was _A Investigate Star is Born_. It was published in 1968 and only as the author and illustrations by Peyo. Theodor Geisel (best known as Dr. Seuss) was the editor for the early books in the series. Over 300 books have been published in 23 languages.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Stan and Jan Berenstain
- **birth date**: Stanley Melvin Berenstain

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania<hr/>Janice Marian Grant

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- **death date**: (Stan)
<hr/> (Jan)
Doylestown, Pennsylvania
- **children**: 2
- **occupation**: Writers, illustrators
Tivoli-Neu

The **Tivoli-Neu** is a football stadium in Innsbruck, Austria. It is the homeground of FC Wacker Innsbruck and the Swarco Raiders Tirol, an American Football team. The stadium was one venue of the UEFA Euro 2008.

## History

The Tivoli-Neu replaces the old Tivoli stadium which was closed down in 2004. Since the insolvency of FC Tirol in 2002 the stadium is used by FC Wacker Innsbruck, the follower of the old club. For the UEFA Euro 2008 the stadium was used for matches. It was temporarily expanded to a capacity of 30 000.

### International matches

- 25 April 2001 Austria– Liechtenstein 2:0 (1:0)
- 11 June 2003 Austria-  Belarus  5:0 (1:0)
- 28 April 2004 Austria- Luxemburg 4:1 (2:0)
- 11 October 2006 Austria- Switzerland 2:1 (2:0)
- 17 October 2007 Austria-  Ivory Coast 3:2 (1:0)
- 11 June 2008 Spain- Russia 4:1 (2:0) UEFA Euro 2008
- 14 June 2008 Sweden- Spain 1:2 (1:1)UEFA Euro 2008
- 18 June 2008 Russia - Sweden 2:0 (1:0)UEFA Euro 2008
- 10 October 2009 Austria-  Lithuania 2:1 (1:0)
- 28 May 2010 Spain- Saudia Arabia 3:2

### International matches of FC Tirol

- 14 September 2000 FC Tirol Innsbruck - AC Fiorentina 3:1 (2:0)
- 26 October 2000 FC Tirol Innsbruck - VfB Stuttgart 1:0 (0:0)
- 22 August 2001 FC Tirol Innsbruck - Lokomotiv Moskau 1:0 (0:0)
- 11 September 2001 FC Tirol Innsbruck - Viktoria Zizkov 1:0 (0:0)
- 1 November 2001 FC Tirol Innsbruck - AC Fiorentina, 2:2 (1:2)

## Infobox (stadium)

- **stadium name**: Tivoli-Neu
- **nickname**: Tivoli
- **image**: Umbau Tivoli Neu.JPG
- **fullname**: Sport- und Freizeitpark Tivoli-Neu
- **location**: Innsbruck, Austria
- **built**: March 1999 - September 2000
- **opened**: September 8th, 2000 FC Tirol-SK Rapid Wien (1:0)
- **surface**: lawn
- **architect**: Architekten Albert Wimmer
- **tenants**: Fußballclub Wacker Innsbruck (Football)
Swarco Raiders Tirol (American Football)
- **seating capacity**: 17 400
- **dimensions**: 105 x 68 m
VEGAS Pro

**VEGAS Pro** is a non-linear video editing software developed by MAGIX, previously by Sony Creative Software and Sonic Foundry. The Film Paranormal Activity was edited using the software and has won many awards.

The software is only for Windows computers and PCs only and cost 600 dollars.

## Features

**VEGAS Pro** contains a lot of video and audio effects and transitions including the Mirror Effect and Chroma Key. **VEGAS Pro** also has tittles and other video generators.

**VEGAS Pro** also allows users crop video, Flip video horizontal or upside down, change the speed of video and audio with or without the pitch changing if going faster or slower and more.

## Sony Vegas 8.0

The 8.0 version was released in late 2007. It contains features including ProType Titling technology, Multicamera editing tools, 32-bit floating point video processing, Customizable window layouts, Improved HDV/SDI/XDCAM support and Mixing console window.

## Sony Vegas 9.0

The 9.0 version was released in 2009. The color of the program is now black rather than white. It contains features including support for 4K resolution and native support for pro camcorder formats like Red and XDCAM EX.

The latest 9.0 version was released in May 2010 called "Vegas Pro 9.0e" which includes a new white balance video effect.

## Sony Vegas 10.0

The 10.0 version was released in October 2010 and is the latest version of the software. It contains new features including Stereoscopic 3D Editing, Comprehensive Closed Captioning, GPU-Accelerated AVC Encoding (Using NVIDIA CUDA), Image Stabilization, Audio Event FX, Track Management, OpenFX plugins support.

## Infobox (software)

- **name**: VEGAS Pro
- **logo**: Vegas Pro 19.svg
- **logo size**: 150
- **logo alt**: Vegas Pro software logo
- **screenshot alt**: Vegas Pro 13.0 running on Windows 10
- **author**: Sonic Foundry
- **developer**: MAGIX Software
- **latest release version**: 19.0 (Build 341)
- **operating system**: Windows 10
- **platform**: x64
- **language**: English language, English, French language, French, Spanish language, Spanish, German language, German
- **language count**: 4
- **genre**: Video editing software
- **license**: Proprietary software, Proprietary
- **website**: [https://www.vegascreativesoftware.com/int/vegas-pro/ VEGAS Creative Software]
William Henry Bragg

**Sir William Henry Bragg**  (2 July 1862 – 12 March 1942) was a British physicist, chemist, mathematician and active sportsman.

Bragg shared a Nobel Prize with his son William Lawrence Bragg – the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## Adelaide

In 1885, at 23, Bragg was appointed Elder Professor of Mathematics and Experimental Physics at the University of Adelaide, and started work there early in 1886.

Bragg was an able and popular lecturer; he encouraged the formation of the student union, and the attendance, free of charge, of science teachers at his lectures.

Bragg was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1907.

## Leeds

Bragg returned to England at the end of 1908 and took the Cavendish Chair in Physics at the University of Leeds in 1909. He published an important early work on radioactivity, _Studies in radioactivity_, in 1912.

He invented the X-ray spectrometer, and began work with his son. Together they founded the new technique of X-ray crystallography, for which they won the Nobel Prize in Physics for 1915. That year was also marked by their book _X-rays and crystal structure_, the standard text for many years.

From 1914, both father and son contributed to the war effort; W.H. Bragg was connected with submarine detection, at Aberdour on Forth and at Harwich, and returned to London in 1918 as a consultant to the Admiralty.

## University College London

Bragg was appointed Quain Professor of Physics at University College London in 1915, but did not take up his duties there until after World War I.

## Royal Institution

From 1923 he was Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution and director of the Davy Faraday Research Laboratory. This institution was practically rebuilt in 1929-30 and, under Bragg's directorship, many valuable papers were issued from the laboratory.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Sir William Henry Bragg
- **image**: William Henry Bragg Nobel bw.jpg
- **birth place**: Wigton, Cumberland, United Kingdom
- **death place**: London, United Kingdom
- **nationality**: British
- **fields**: Physics
- **workplaces**: University of Adelaide
University of Leeds
University College London
Royal Institution
- **alma mater**: Trinity College, Cambridge
- **academic advisors**: J. J. Thomson
- **notable students**: Lawrence Bragg, W. L. Bragg
Kathleen Lonsdale
William Thomas Astbury
 John Desmond Bernal
 John Burton Cleland
- **known for**: X-ray scattering techniques, X-ray diffraction
Bragg peak
- **footnotes**: He is the father of Lawrence Bragg. Father and son jointly won the Nobel Prize.
Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy

**Victor Amadeus I** (8 May 1587 – 7 October 1637) was the Duke of Savoy from 1630 to 1637. He was also titular King of Cyprus and Jerusalem.  He was also known as the _Lion of Susa_.http://www.sabaudia.org/v2/dossiers/maisondesavoie/vic-amedee1.php

## Biography

He was born in Turin to Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Catherine Micaela of Austria. He spent much of his childhood at the Spanish court in Madrid. When his brother Filippo Emanuele, Prince of Piedmont died, he became legitimate heir to the duchy and received the loyalty swore of the court at Racconigi on 21 January 1607.

After a crisis with relationships with Spain, he was married to Henry IV of France's daughter Christine Marie in 1619.

Victor Amadeus became Duke of Savoy after his father's death in 1630. Charles Emmanuel's policies had brought a great instability in the relationships with both France and Spain, and troops were needed to defend the Duchy. As money was lacking to recruit mercenaries or train indigenous soldiers, Victor Amadeus signed a peace treaty with Spain. With the Treaty of Cherasco, Savoy was given back Pinerolo, although, according to a secret point of the agreement, that important stronghold was to remain with France in exchange for Geneve.

On 25 September of that year, Victor Amadeus fell ill after a dinner offered by the Duke of Créqui. Carried to Turin, he died here on 7 October.

## References

- genealogy.euweb.cz

### Titles and styles

- **8 May 1587–21 January 1607** _His Highness_ Victor Amadeus of Savoy
- ** 21 January 1607–26 July 1630**_His Highness_ the Prince of Piedmont
- **26 July 1630–7 October 1637** _His Highness_ the Duke of Savoy

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Victor Amadeus I
- **image**: Vittorio Amedeo I of Savoy1.jpg
- **succession**: Duke of Savoy
- **reign**: 1630–1637
- **regent**: Christine of France (until 1663)
- **predecessor**: Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, Charles Emmanuel I
- **successor**: Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy, Francis Hyacinth
- **house**: House of Savoy
- **spouse**: Christine of France
- **father**: Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy
- **mother**: Catherine Micaela of Austria
- **issue**: Luisa Cristina, Princess Maurice
Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy
Margaret Yolande, Duchess of Parma
Henrietta Adelaide Marie, Electress of Bavaria
Princess Catherine Beatrice
- **birth place**: Turin, Piedmont
- **death place**: Turin, Italy
- **full name**: Vittorio Amedeo di Savoia
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
Alex Rider

***Alex Rider*** is a series of spy books. It is written by British author Anthony Horowitz. The series is about a teenage spy named Alex Rider. The series is aimed at young adults. There are fourteen books in the series, but short stories and other books have been published too. The novels are published by Walker Books in the United Kingdom. The first novel, _Stormbreaker_, was published in the United Kingdom on 4 September 2000 and was adapted into a movie in 2006. Over 10 million books in the Alex Rider series have been sold worldwide.

There are a total of 10 Alex rider books, and more to come.

## Infobox (novel series)

- **name**: Alex Rider
- **books**: 1. Stormbreaker
2. Point Blanc
3. Skeleton Key
4. Eagle Strike
5. Scorpia
6. Ark Angel
7. Snakehead (novel), Snakehead
8. Crocodile Tears
9. Scorpia Rising
10. Russian Roulette (novel), Russian Roulette
11. Never Say Die
12. Secret Weapon
13. Nightshade (novel), Nightshade
14. Nightshade Revenge
- **author**: Anthony Horowitz
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **genre**: Spy fiction, thriller novel, thriller
- **publisher**: Walker Books, Walker Books (UK)
- **media type**: Print (Hardback and Paperback)
Liebenauer Stadium

The **Liebenauer Stadium** (formerly known as Arnold Schwarzenegger stadium, or UPC-Arena) is a football stadium in Graz, Austria. It is the homeground of SK Sturm Graz.

## Construction

The first stadium was built before the Second World War. In the 1950s it was renovated and expanded with a skating rink (now home of the ice hockey team Graz 99ers) and an indoor pool. In the 1970s it became home ground of the big football clubs of Graz, SK Sturm and Grazer AK.

## Name history

The stadium was originally named after the bodybuilder, actor and Governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger who was born near Graz. It was built from 1994 to 1997 and was opened with the derby Grazer AK versus SK Sturm Graz.

When Governor Schwarzenegger did not pardon a prisoner from death penalty a discussion started about the name. Governor Schwarzenegger took back the right to use his name. Now the name was Stadium Graz-Liebenau after the part of the town where it is. In 2006 the stadium was named UPC Arena after a sponsor of SK Sturm Graz. UPC is a big Austrian internet provider. Since April 2016 it is named Merkur-Arena. Merkur is a big insurance company in Austria.

## Structure

The stadium has a capacity of 15 400 in 27 sectors. For Champions League matches the capacity is expanded to 16 000. The field has a lawn heating. Two video walls and floodlight are also in the arena.

## Games

The stadium was host for the national team of Austria versus Faroe Islands on 5 September 2009 which ended 3–1 for the home team. Altogether 14 matches of the national team were held here (The first one was in 1970 versus Yugoslavia).

Also the match England versus Japan on 30 May 2010 was held in the arena. The English team had a training Camp in Styria for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The match ended 2–1 to England. In 2011 it was one of the venues for the American Football world championship.

## Infobox (stadium)

- **stadium name**: UPC-Arena
- **image**: UPC-Arena Front New.jpg
- **location**: Graz, Austria
- **built**: 1994 - 1997
- **opened**: July 9th, 1997 (GAK - Sturm Graz 0:4)
- **owner**: Stadion Liebenau Betriebs GmbH
- **surface**: lawn
- **architect**: Team A Graz
- **former names**: Arnold Schwarzenegger Stadion, Bundesstadion Graz-Liebenau, Liebenauer Stadion
- **tenants**: SK Sturm Graz, GAK
- **seating capacity**: 15 400
- **dimensions**: 105 x 72 m
Jim Parsons

**James Joseph "Jim" Parsons** (born March 24, 1973) is an American actor and producer. Parsons is best known for playing the role of Sheldon Cooper in the television series, _The Big Bang Theory_. In 2010, he won an Emmy Award for _Outstanding Lead Actor In a Comedy Series_ and in 2011, he won a Golden Globe Award for _Best Actor - Television Series - Musical or Comedy_. Both of these awards were given to him for his role in _The Big Bang Theory_.

According to The New York Times, Parsons is gay.

### Movies

- _Nowhere to Go But Up_ (2003)
- _Garden State_ (2004)
- _The King's Inn_ (2005)
- _The Great New Wonderful_ (2005)
- _Heights_ (2005)
- _10 Items or Less_ (2006)
- _School for Scoundrels_ (2006)
- _On the Road with Judas_ (2007)
- _Gardener of Eden_ (2007)
- _The Big Year_ (2011)
- _Wish I Was Here_ (2014)
- _Home_ (2015)

### Television

- _Ed_ as Chet (2002)
- _Why Blitt?_ as Mike (2003)
- _Taste_ as Kris (2004)
- _Judging Amy_ as Rob Holbrook (2004-05)
- _The Big Bang Theory_ as Sheldon Cooper (2007-2019)
- _Family Guy_ as Sheldon Cooper (2009)
- _Glenn Martin, DDS_ as Draven (2010)
- _The Super Hero Squad Show_ as Nightmare (2011)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jim Parsons
- **image**: Jim Parsons.png
- **imagesize**: 230px
- **caption**: Jim Parsons, 2008
- **birthname**: James Joseph Parsons
- **birth place**: Houston, Texas, United States
- **occupation**: Actor, producer
- **yearsactive**: 1994-present
Mortal Kombat: Annihilation

***Mortal Kombat: Annihilation*** is an 1997 martial arts action/adventure movie that was produced by Lawrence Kasanoff and was directed by John R. Leonetti. It is based on the video game franchise, _Mortal Kombat_ and is the sequel to the 1995 movie, _Mortal Kombat_. _Mortal Kombat: Annihilation_ was released on November 21, 1997 in North America, February 13, 1998 in the United Kingdom and on April 9, 1998 in Australia. The movie received negative reviews with a 7% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic gave it a 11 out of 100.

## Cast

- Robin Shou as Liu Kang
- Talisa Soto as Kitana
- James Remar as Raiden
- Sandra Hess as Sonya Blade
- Lynn "Red" Williams as Jax
- Brian Thompson as Shao Kahn
- Irina Pantaeva as Jade
- Musetta Vander as Syndel
- Reiner Schöne as Shinnok
- Marjean Holden as Sheeva
- Litefoot as Nightwolf
- Deron McBee as Motaro
- Dana Lynn Hee as Mileena

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Mortal Kombat: Annihilation
- **director**: John R. Leonetti
- **producer**: Lawrence Kasanoff
- **writer**: **Screenplay:**
Brent V. Friedman
Bryce Zabel
**Story:**
Lawrence Kasanoff
Joshua Wexler
John Tobias
**Video Games:**
Ed Boon
John Tobias
- **starring**: Robin Shou
Talisa Soto
James Remar
Brian Thompson (actor), Brian Thompson
Sandra Hess
Lynn "Red" Williams
Irina Pantaeva
Musetta Vander
- **music**: George S. Clinton
- **cinematography**: John R. Leonetti
- **editing**: Peck Prior
- **studio**: New Line Cinema
- **distributor**: Warner Bros. Pictures
- **released**: **North America:**
November 21, 1997
**United Kingdom:**
February 13, 1998
**Australia:**
April 9, 1998
- **runtime**: 95 mins.
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $30,000,000
- **gross**: $51,376,861
Litefoot

**Gary Paul Davis** (born September 11, 1968 in Upland, California), known by his stage name **Litefoot**, is an American rapper and actor. He is of Cherokee and Chichimeca descent. He was the first Native American person to rap and he called his style of music tribalistic funk.

Davis is also an actor and acted in the movies _The Indian in the Cupboard_ in 1995, _Mortal Kombat: Annihilation_ in 1997, _Kull the Conqueror_ in 1997 and _Adaptation_ in 2002.

## Websites

- Litefoot's Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Litefoot
- **img**: Litefoot tahlequah 1995.jpg
- **img capt**: Litefoot in 1995.
- **img size**: 260px
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Gary Paul Davis
- **birth place**: Upland, California, Upland, California, United States
- **origin**: Upland, California
- **genre**: Hip hop music, Hip hop
- **years active**: 1989–present
- **label**: Red Vinyl Records
- **url**: [http://www.litefoot.com Official website]
Bridesmaid

A **bridesmaid** is a member of the bride's group in a wedding. A bridesmaid is usually a young woman, and often a close friend or sister.  She helps the bride on the day of a wedding or marriage ceremony. Traditionally, bridesmaids were chosen from unmarried young women who were old enough to be married.

The main bridesmaid may be called the **chief bridesmaid** or **maid of honor** if she is unmarried, or the **matron of honor** if she is married. A **junior bridesmaid** is a girl who is clearly too young to get married, but who is included as an honorary bridesmaid.
Wivenhoe

**Wivenhoe** is a town near Colchester, in Essex, England. It has a local football team called Wivenhoe town F.C.
Witham

**Witham** is a town near the A12 road in Essex, England. In 2001 there were 22,470 people living in Witham.
Harwich

**Harwich** is a port town near the A120 road in Essex, England. In 2011 there were 17,684 people living in Harwich.
Harlow

**Harlow** is a former Mark One New Town and local government district in the west of Essex, England. It is on the border with Hertfordshire. Harlow is a large area of land on the south bank of the upper Stort Valley, which has been made navigable through other towns and features a canal section near its watermill. Old Harlow is a village-size suburb founded in the early medieval age and most of its high street buildings are early Victorian and residential, mostly protected by one of the Conservation Areas in the district. In Old Harlow is a field named **Harlowbury**, a de-settled monastic area which has the remains of a chapel, a scheduled ancient monument.

The M11 motorway passes through the east of the district, entirely to the east of the town. Harlow has its own commercial and leisure economy. It is also an outer part of the London commuter belt and employment centre of the M11 corridor which includes Cambridge and London Stansted to the north.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Harlow
- **other name**: District of Harlow
- **settlement type**: Town & District
- **total type**: District
- **image skyline**: Bird by Hebe Comerford.jpg
- **image caption**: Harlow Water Gardens
- **image map**: Harlow UK locator map.svg
- **mapsize**: 150px
- **map caption**:
_Shown within Essex_
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: UK, United Kingdom
- **subdivision type1**: Countries of the United Kingdom, Constituent country
- **subdivision name1**: England
- **subdivision type2**: Regions of England, Region
- **subdivision name2**: East of England
- **subdivision type3**: Ceremonial County
- **subdivision name3**: Essex
- **leader title**: Local government in England#Councillors and mayors, Leadership
- **leader name**: Alternative – Sec.31
- **leader title1**: Control
- **leader name1**: Labour Party UK
- **leader title2**: List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 2015, MP
- **leader name2**: Robert Halfon
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 30.54
- **population total**: List of English districts by population, Ranked

- **population blank1 title**: Ethnicity
- **population blank1**: 92.5% White
2.5% Asian
1.8% Black
1.6% Chinese or Other
1.5% Mixed
- **blank name**: ONS coding system, ONS code
- **blank info**: 22UJ
- **website**: http://www.harlow.gov.uk/
Thaxted

**Thaxted** is a town in Essex, England. In 2001 there were 2,576 people living in Thaxted.
Halstead

**Halstead** is a town and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 11,053 people living in Halstead.
Coggeshall

**Coggeshall** is a town near the A120 road, in Essex, England. In 2001 there were 4,327 people living in Coggeshall.
Alice in Wonderland (2010 movie)

***Alice in Wonderland*** is a 2010 American fantasy adventure movie with Mia Wasikowska, Johnny Depp, Helena Bonham Carter, Anne Hathaway, Crispin Glover, Michael Sheen, Matt Lucas, Barbara Windsor, Christopher Lee, Alan Rickman, Michael Gough and Stephen Fry.  A sequel of the film, _Alice Through the Looking Glass_, was released in 2016.

It is based on the Disney film _Alice in Wonderland_, which is based on _Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, a_ book written by Lewis Carroll. The score is by Danny Elfman.
Closing credits

**Closing credits** (or end credits) are shown at the end of a movie or television show.  They usually say who the actors were in the movie.  They also include who helped make the movie, such as the director and the producer.
Humanitarian aid

**Humanitarian aid** is aid given with respect of human dignity with a spirit of human nature to people in war, disaster including natural disaster and to refugees according to laws of war and international human rights law. To this end International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNICEF and Doctors Without Borders exist.

## Related pages

- Humanitarianism
- International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
- Refugee
- Natural disaster
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

**Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs** is an organization of the United Nations for humanitarian aid started in 1991.

## Other website

- Office for the Coodination of Humanitarian Affairs
Three Days Grace

**Three Days Grace** is a Canadian alternative metal band. They formed in 1997 in Norwood, Ontario There are four members in the band: Adam Gontier, Barry Stock, Neil Sanderson and Brad Walst. The band was named "Number One Rock Artist of the Year" by Billboard.

Gontier resigned from the band on January 9, 2013 due to a "non-life threatening" health issue and was replaced by My Darkest Days lead singer Matt Walst.

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _Three Days Grace_ (2003)
- _One-X_ (2006)
- _Life Starts Now_ (2009)
- _Transit of Venus_ (2012)
- _Human_ (2015)
- _Outsider_ (2018)
- _Explosions_ (2022)
- _Alienation_ (2025)

- Groundswell
- _Wave of Popular Feeling_ (1995)

## Other websites

- Three Days Grace's official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Three Days Grace
- **img**: Three Days Grace - 2023155162203 2023-06-04 Rock am Ring - Sven - 5DS R - 0057 - 5DSR4006.jpg
- **img capt**: Three Days Grace performing in 2023
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **alias**: Groundswell (1992–1995)
- **origin**: Norwood, Ontario, Canada
- **genre**: Post-grunge, hard rock, alternative rock, alternative metal, nu metal
- **years active**: 1997–present
- **label**: Independent, Jive Records, Jive, RCA Records, RCA
- **current members**: Adam Gontier
Neil Sanderson
Brad Walst
Barry Stock
Matt Walst
- **past members**: Phil Crowe
Joe Grant
- **url**: [http://www.threedaysgrace.com/ www.threedaysgrace.com]
Three Days Grace (album)

***Three Days Grace*** is the first studio album by Canadian rock band Three Days Grace. It was released on July 22, 2003. The producer of the album was Gavin Brown. The album peaked at #69 on the U.S. _Billboard_ 200 and #9 on the Canadian Albums Chart.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Three Days Grace
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Three Days Grace
- **released**: July 22, 2003
- **recorded**: January 2003-March 2003
- **genre**: Post-grunge, alternative metal, nu metal
- **length**: 44:08
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Jive Records, Jive
- **producer**: Gavin Brown
- **prev title**: Wave of Popular Feeling
- **prev year**: 1995
- **next title**: One-X
- **next year**: 2006
One-X

***One-X*** is the second studio album by Canadian rock band, Three Days Grace. It was released on June 13, 2006. The producer of the album was Howard Benson. The album peaked at #5 on the U.S. _Billboard_ 200 and #2 on the Canadian Albums Chart. The songs "Riot" and "Animal I Have Become" were featured in the video game, _WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2010_.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: One-X
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Three Days Grace
- **released**: June 13, 2006
- **recorded**: 2005-2006
- **genre**: Alternative metal
Post-grunge
Hard rock
- **length**: 43:47
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Jive Records, Jive
- **producer**: Howard Benson
- **prev title**: Three Days Grace (album), Three Days Grace
- **prev year**: 2003
- **next title**: Life Starts Now
- **next year**: 2009
Life Starts Now

***Life Starts Now*** is the third studio album by Canadian rock band, Three Days Grace. It was released on September 22, 2009. The producer of the album was Howard Benson. The album was certified Platinum in Canada and was also certified Gold in the US. The album peaked at #3 on the U.S. Billboard 200 and at #2 on the Canadian Albums Chart.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Life Starts Now
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Three Days Grace
- **released**: September 22, 2009
- **recorded**: March-April 2009
- **genre**: Alternative metal
Post-grunge
Hard rock
- **length**: 43:33
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Jive Records, Jive/Zomba
- **producer**: Howard Benson
- **prev title**: One-X
- **prev year**: 2006
- **next title**: Transit of Venus (album), Transit of Venus
- **next year**: 2012
Sindh Qalanders

**Sindh Qalanders** is a field hockey team for the Sindh Province in Pakistan.  They play in the Pakistan Hockey Federation.
Amsterdam Museum

The **Amsterdam Museum** is a museum in Amsterdam.  Before 2011 it was called the **Amsterdams Historisch Museum**. It is in the old orphanage between Kalverstraat and Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal.

## History

Since 1975, the museum has been in a building that was first built in 1580 as Amsterdam's orphanage.

The museum has paintings and old photographs and a cafe.
Lawrence Bragg

Sir **William Lawrence Bragg** <small>CH OBE MC FRS</small> (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971) was an Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer who won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics with his father Sir William Bragg.

## Personal life

Bragg was always known as **Sir Lawrence Bragg**, and his father was Sir William Bragg. Lawrence Bragg was educated in Adelaide, Australia and in England. He was awarded the Military Cross in World War I.

He died at a hospital near his home at Waldringfield, Ipswich, Suffolk. He was buried in Trinity College, Cambridge.

## Career

Lawrence Bragg discovered (1912) the Bragg law of X-ray diffraction, the basis of X-ray crystallography. He was joint winner (with his father, Sir William Bragg) of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1915.

Winning the Nobel at the age of 25, Lawrence Bragg is the youngest Nobel Laureate. He was the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, when the discovery of the structure of DNA was made by James D. Watson and Francis Crick in February 1953.

He was elected an FRS in 1921. He was knighted by George VI in 1941, and received both the Copley Medal and the Royal Medal of the Royal Society.

## Other websites

- First press stories on DNA
- Nobelprize.org – The Nobel Prize for Physics in 1915
- A collection of digitised materials related to Bragg's and Linus Pauling's structural chemistry research.
- Key Participants: Sir William Lawrence Bragg – _Linus Pauling and the Race for DNA: A Documentary History_
- NOVA Episode on Photograph 51
- Oral History interview transcript with William Lawrence Bragg on 20 June 1969, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
- Bragg, Lawrence (Sir) (1890–1971) National Library of Australia, _Trove, People and Organisation_ record for William Lawrence Bragg
- The Nature of Things: Oil, Soap and Detergent, Ri Channel video, November 1959
- The Nature of Things: Atoms and Molecules, Ri Channel video, October 1959
- The Nature of Things: Solids, Liquids and Gases, Ri Channel video, November 1959

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Sir Lawrence Bragg
- **birth name**: William Lawrence Bragg
- **image**: Wl-bragg.jpg
- **caption**: William L. Bragg in 1915
- **birth place**: Adelaide, South Australia
- **death place**: Waldringfield, Ipswich, Suffolk, England
- **nationality**: United Kingdom, British
- **work institution**: University of Manchester
University of Cambridge
- **alma mater**: University of Adelaide
University of Cambridge
- **doctoral advisor**: J. J. Thomson
William Henry Bragg, W.H. Bragg
- **fields**: Physics
- **known for**: X-ray diffraction
Bragg's Law
- **prizes**:
Copley Medal (1966)
Hoverfly

**Hoverflies**, sometimes called 'flower flies' or 'syrphid flies', are the insect family **Syrphidae**. Hoverflies mimic wasp stripes, and are usually smaller than wasps. Thus to a bird they may look scarcely worth eating, and dangerous.

As their common name suggests, they are often seen hovering or sucking nectar at flowers. The adults of many species feed mainly on nectar and pollen, while the larvae (maggots) eat a wide range of foods.

In some species, the larvae are saprotrophs, eating decaying plant and animal matter in the soil or in ponds and streams. In other species, the larvae are insectivores and prey on aphids, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects.

Aphids alone cause tens of millions of dollars of damage to crops worldwide every year. Hoverflies are important natural enemies of these pests, and can be used in biological control. Some adult syrphid flies are important pollinators. Some orchids mimic aphid alarm scent (pheromones), which attracts hoverflies. The hoverflies then pollinate the orchids.

About 6,000 species in 200 genera have been described. Hoverflies are common throughout the world and can be found on most continents except Antarctica.

Hoverflies are harmless to most other animals despite their mimicry of the black and yellow stripes of wasps. They are a classic example of Batesian mimicry. The Batesian mimic is a sheep in wolf's clothing: it looks like something dangerous or which tastes disgusting, but in reality it is good to eat. Hover flies look roughly like little wasps, and their warning colouration is well-known to birds.

Unlike adults, the maggots of hoverflies feed on a variety of foods. Predatory species benefit farmers and gardeners, because aphids destroy crops. Hoverfly maggots are often used in biological control.

## Related pages

- Halteres
- Mimicry
Atomkraft

**Atomkraft** was an English heavy metal band who were part of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal movement. They formed in 1979 and disbanded 1988. Their "Total Metal" approach is somewhere between fellow NWOBHM bands such as Motörhead and Venom, punk rock bands such as The Dickies, and early Exodus or Slayer.

## Discography

- 1981 - _Demon_ - Demo
- 1983 - _Total Metal_ - Demo
- 1985 - _Pour the Metal In_ - Demo
- 1985 – _Future Warriors_ - LP
- 1986 - _Queen of Death_ - EP
- 1987 - _Conductors of Noize_ - Mini LP
- 2004 - _Total Metal: The Neat Anthology_ - Compilation CD

## Line-up

- Tony Dolan - bass/vocals (1979-1986, 1988), (2005-) (Venom, Mantas, Raubtier)
- Steve Mason - drums (2005-) (Iron Fire, Blinded by Fear)
- Payre Hulkoffgarden - guitars (2005-) (Viperine, Karyan, Raubtier)

#### Vocals

- Ian Davison Swift (1986-1988) (Satan, Avenger)

#### Guitars

- Ian Legg (1979)
- Chris Taylor (1979)
- Sean Drew (1979-1983)
- Steve White (1980-1983) (Venom, War Machine)
- Neil Rander (1985)
- Rob Mathew (1985-1988) (Agankast)
- Raggy (1986)

#### Bass

- Mark Irvine (1981-1982)
- Darren "D.C. Rage"(1986-1988)

#### Drums

- Paul Spillet (1979-1983)
- IG (1986)
- Ged "Wolf" Cook (1985-1988) (Tysondog)
Tony Dolan

**Tony** "**Demolition Man**" **Dolan** is an English musician. He is best known as the bassist and vocalist of heavy metal bands Atomkraft and Venom.

### With Atomkraft

- Future Warriors (1985)
- Queen of Death (EP) (1986)
- Tonpress (1987)
- Conductors of Noize (1987)
- Total Metal - The NEAT Anthology (2005)

### With Venom

- _Prime Evil_ (1989)
- _Tear Your Soul Apart_ (EP) (1990)
- _Temples of Ice_ (1991)
- _The Waste Lands_ (1992)

## Filmography

- _Judge Dredd_ (1995) - Ivan
- _Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World_ (2003) - Mr. Lamb, Carpenter
- _Battlefield Britain_ (2004) - Royal Musketeer/Prisoner
- _Dirty War_ (2004) - Lead TSG Officer

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **background**: solo_singer
- **name**: Tony Dolan
- **img**: Venom Inc. Metal Frenzy 2019 06.jpg
- **caption**: Dolan performing live in 2019
- **alias**: The Demolition Man
- **instrument**: Vocals, Bass guitar, bass
- **genre**: Speed metal, thrash metal, Heavy metal music, heavy metal, black metal
- **occupation**: Musician
- **associated acts**: Venom (band), Venom, Atomkraft, Primevil (UK band), Primevil
Mark LaVarre

**Mark LaVarre** (born February 21, 1965 in Evanston, Illinois) is a retired American professional ice hockey right winger who played a career total of 78 games in the NHL. He played his entire NHL career with the Chicago Black Hawks. He was drafted by the Chicago Black Hawks with the 119th overall pick in the sixth round of the 1983 NHL Draft.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right wing
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 180
- **played for**: Chicago Blackhawks, Chicago Black Hawks
- **birth place**: Evanston, Illinois, Evanston, Illinois, IL, United States of America, USA
- **draft**: 119th overall
- **draft team**: Chicago Blackhawks, Chicago Black Hawks
- **draft year**: 1983
- **career start**: 1983
- **career end**: 1990
Mike Eagles

**Michael Bryant Eagles** (born March 7, 1963 in Sussex, New Brunswick) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey left winger who played a career total of 853 games in the NHL. He played 4 seasons with the Quebec Nordiques, 2 seasons with the Chicago Blackhawks, 5 seasons with the Winnipeg Jets and 6 seasons with the Washington Capitals. He was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques with the 116th overall pick in the 1981 NHL Draft.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 190
- **played for**: Quebec Nordiques
Chicago Blackhawks
Winnipeg Jets (1972–96), Winnipeg Jets
Washington Capitals
- **birth place**: Sussex, New Brunswick, Sussex, New Brunswick, NB, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: 116th overall
- **draft team**: Quebec Nordiques
- **draft year**: 1981
- **career start**: 1983
- **career end**: 2000
Superman's Dead

"**Superman's Dead**" is a 1996 alternative rock/post-grunge song by the Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace. It is the first single from their second studio album _Clumsy_, which was released in 1997. The song was written by Raine Maida and Mike Turner.

The song is about how much TV that children watch and also the content of it. The song looks at the dark expectations that are garnered from media images.

The song is one of the most popular songs from Our Lady Peace and is also a definitive example of Our Lady Peace's staple sound with the main thing being Raine Maida's voice.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Superman's Dead
- **artist**: Our Lady Peace
- **album**: Clumsy (album), Clumsy
- **released**: 1996
- **genre**: Alternative rock
Post-grunge
- **length**: 4:16
- **writer**: Raine Maida, Mike Turner
Naveed (song)

"**Naveed**" is a 1995 alternative rock/post-grunge song by the Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace and is the first single from their debut studio album _Naveed_, which was released in 1994. The song was written by Raine Maida.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Naveed
- **artist**: Our Lady Peace
- **album**: Naveed (album), Naveed
- **released**: April 17, 1995
- **genre**: Alternative rock
Post-grunge
- **length**: 5:51
- **writer**: Raine Maida
Supersatellite

"**Supersatellite**" is a 1995 alternative rock song by the Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace. It is the fourth single from their debut studio album _Naveed_, which was released in 1994. The song was written by Raine Maida and was produced by Arnold Lanni.

The song was inspired by a book from Ken Carey.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Supersatellite
- **artist**: Our Lady Peace
- **album**: Naveed (album), Naveed
- **released**: February 6, 1995
- **genre**: Alternative rock
- **length**: 3:45
- **writer**: Raine Maida, Mike Turner