Joseph Conrad

**Joseph Conrad** (3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) (real name: _Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski_) was a  Polish writer. Conrad did not learn to speak English well until he was in his twenties and always had a Polish accent.

Conrad's prose style is considered as one of the best of all English novelists. He also is seen as important for paving the way to modernist literature. His narrative style and anti-heroic characters have influenced many modern writers and inspired such films as _Apocalypse Now_ (after Conrad's _Heart of Darkness_).

Conrad lived in the time of the British Empire and worked in the Merchant Navy.

## Novels and novellas

- 1895 - _Almayer's Folly_
- 1896 - _An Outcast of the Islands_
- 1897 - _The Nigger of the 'Narcissus_'
- 1899 - _Heart of Darkness_
- 1900 - _Lord Jim_
- 1901 - _The Inheritors_ (with Ford Madox Ford)
- 1902 - _Typhoon_ (begun 1899)
- 1903 - _Romance_ (with Ford Madox Ford)
- 1904 - _Nostromo_
- 1907 - _The Secret Agent_
- 1909 - _The Secret Sharer_ (written December 1909; published in _Harper's_ in 1910 and collected in _Twixt Land and Sea_ 1912)
- 1911 - _Under Western Eyes_
- 1912 - _Freya of the Seven Isles_
- 1913 - _Chance_
- 1915 - _Victory_
- 1917 - _The Shadow Line_
- 1919 - _The Arrow of Gold_
- 1920 - _The Rescue_
- 1923 - _The Nature of a Crime_ (with Ford Madox Ford)
- 1923 - _The Rover_
- 1925 - _Suspense: a Napoleonic Novel_ (unfinished, published posthumously)

## Short stories

- "The Idiots" (Conrad's first short story; written during his honeymoon, published in _Savo_ 1896 and collected in _Tales of Unrest_, 1898).
- "The Black Mate" (written, according to Conrad, in 1886; published 1908; posthumously collected in _Tales of Hearsay_, 1925).
- "The Lagoon" (composed 1896; published in _Cornhill Magazine_ 1897; collected in _Tales of Unrest_, 1898).
- "An Outpost of Progress" (written 1896 and named in 1906 by Conrad himself, long after the publication of _Lord Jim_ and _Heart of Darkness_, as his 'best story'; published in _Cosmopolis_ 1897 and collected in _Tales of Unrest_ 1898; often compared to _Heart of Darkness_, with which it has numerous thematic affinities).
- "The Return" (written circa early 1897; never published in magazine form; collected in _Tales of Unrest_, 1898; Conrad, presaging the sentiments of most readers, once remarked, "I hate it").
- "Karain: A Memory" (written February–April 1897; published Nov. 1897 in _Blackwood's_ and collected in _Tales of Unrest_, 1898).
- "Youth" (written in 1898; collected in _Youth, a Narrative and Two Other Stories_, 1902)
- "Falk" (novella/story, written in early 1901; collected only in _Typhoon and Other Stories_, 1903).
- "Amy Foster" (composed in 1901; published the _Illustrated London News_, Dec. 1901 and collected in _Typhoon and Other Stories_, 1903).
- "To-morrow" (written early 1902; serialized in _Pall Mall Magazine_, 1902 and collected in _Typhoon and Other Stories_, 1903).
- "The End of the Tether" (written in 1902; collected in _Youth, a Narrative and Two Other Stories_, 1902)
- "Gaspar Ruiz" (written after "Nostromo" in 1904–05; published in _Strand Magazine_ in 1906 and collected in _A Set of Six_, 1908 UK/1915 US.  This story was the only piece of Conrad's fiction ever adapted by the author for cinema, as _Gaspar the Strong Man_, 1920).
- "An Anarchist" (written in late 1905; serialized in _Harper's_ in 1906; collected in _A Set of Six_, 1908 UK/1915 US.)
- "The Informer" (written before January 1906; published in December 1906 in _Harper's_ and collected in _A Set of Six_, 1908 UK/1915 US.)
- "The Brute" (written in early 1906; published in _The Daily Chronicle_ in December 1906; collected in _A Set of Six_, 1908 UK/1915 US.)
- "The Duel" (aka "The Point of Honor": serialized in the UK in _Pall Mall Magazine_ in early 1908 and in the US periodical _Forum_ later that year; collected in _A Set of Six_ in 1908 and published by Garden City Publishing in 1924. Joseph Fouché makes a cameo appearance)
- "Il Conde" (i.e., 'Conte' [count]: appeared in _Cassell's_ [UK] 1908 and _Hampton's_ [US] in 1909; collected in _A Set of Six_, 1908 UK/1915 US.)
- "Prince Roman" (written 1910, published in 1911 in the _Oxford and Cambridge Review_; based upon the story of Prince Roman Sanguszko of Poland 1800–1881)
- "A Smile of Fortune" (a long story, almost a novella, written in mid-1910; published in _London Magazine_ in Feb. 1911; collected in _Twixt Land and Sea_ 1912)
- "Freya of the Seven Isles" (another near-novella, written late 1910–early 1911; published in _Metropolitan Magazine_ and _London Magazine_ in early 1912 and July 1912, respectively; collected in _Twixt Land and Sea_ 1912)
- "The Partner" (written in 1911; published in _Within the Tides_, 1915)
- "The Inn of the Two Witches" (written in 1913; published in _Within the Tides_, 1915)
- "Because of the Dollars" (written in 1914; published in _Within the Tides_, 1915)
- "The Planter of Malata" (written in 1914; published in _Within the Tides_, 1915)
- "The Warrior's Soul" (written late 1915–early 1916; published in _Land and Water_, in March 1917; collected in _Tales of Hearsay_, 1925)
- "The Tale" (Conrad's only story about World War I; written 1916 and first published 1917 in _Strand Magazine_)

## Memoirs and essays

- _The Mirror of the Sea_ (collection of autobiographical essays first published in various magazines 1904-6 ), 1906
- _A Personal Record_ (also published as _Some Reminiscences_), 1912
- _Notes on Life and Letters_, 1921
- _Last Essays_, 1926

## References

- Jeffrey Meyers, _Joseph Conrad:  a Biography_, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1991.
- Zdzisław Najder, _Conrad under Familial Eyes_, Cambridge University Press, 1984, .
- Zdzisław Najder, _Joseph Conrad:  a Chronicle_, new edition, Camden House, 2007.
- J.H. Stape, editor, _The Cambridge Companion to Joseph Conrad_, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
- Tim Butcher: _Blood River - A Journey To Africa's Broken Heart_, 2007. .
- T. Scovel, _A Time to Speak:  a Psycholinguistic Inquiry into the Critical Period for Human Speech_, Cambridge, MA, Newbury House, 1988.

## Other websites

- The Joseph Conrad Society (U.K)
- biography at Joseph Conrad centre of Poland
- Conrad First: a digital archive of every newspaper and magazine in which the work of Joseph Conrad appeared between 1896 and 1935
- The Complete works  are available from eBooks@Adelaide
- Free audiobook of _The Secret Agent_ from LibriVox
- Free audiobook of _Heart of Darkness_ from LibriVox
- Free audiobook of _Lord Jim_ from LibriVox
- Penn State's Electronic Classics Series has 26 Works of Joseph Conrad available for free _Joseph Conrad at Penn State's Electronic Classics _
- Joseph Conrad at kirjasto.sci.fi
- Heart of Darkness text at American Literature
- Chinua Achebe: The Lecture Heard Around The World
- Collected Letters, vol. 6 (1917-1919) - PDF
- Find-A-Grave profile for Joseph Conrad
- Conrad's page at Literary Journal.com -a number of research articles on Conrad's work
- Conrad's page at _The Literary Network_
- About "An Outpost of Progress"  Interpretations of and more background information on the short story.
- About TS Eliot reading Heart of Darkness  (French)
- Free to read on a cell phone - Conrad works.
- Online text of _Heart of Darkness_ - Conrad's greatest work

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Joseph Conrad
- **image**: Joseph Conrad.PNG
- **birth date**: 3 December 1857
- **birth place**: Berdichev, Ukraine, Russian Empire
- **death date**: 3 August 1924 (aged )
- **death place**: Bishopsbourne, England
- **occupation**: Novelist
- **movement**: Modernist literature, Modernism