juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Manuela d'Ávila

**Manuela Pinto Vieira d'Ávila** (born 18 August 1981) is a Brazilian journalist and politician. She is a member of the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) since 2001. She was federal deputy from Rio Grande do Sul between 2007 and 2015 and leader of her party in the Chamber of Deputies in 2013.

During the Communist Party congress in November 2017, Manuela was launched as pre-candidate for President of Brazil in the 2018 election. She withdrew from the race an supported Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. On 11 September 2018, D'Ávila became the running mate of Fernando Haddad, who replaced Lula as candidate. They lost the election on 28 October 2018.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Manuela d'Ávila
- **image**: Manuela d'Ávila em setembro de 2018 (cropped).jpg
- **office**: Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul, State Deputy of Rio Grande do Sul
- **term start**: 1 February 2015
- **office1**: Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Federal Deputy for Rio Grande do Sul
- **term start1**: 1 February 2007
- **term end1**: 1 February 2015
- **office2**: Municipal Chamber of Porto Alegre, City Councillor of Porto Alegre
- **term start2**: 1 January 2005
- **term end2**: 1 January 2006
- **birth name**: Manuela Pinto Vieira d'Ávila
- **birth place**: Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- **party**: Communist Party of Brazil, PCdoB
- **alma mater**: Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
- **children**: 1
- **profession**: Journalist and Politician
- **mother**: Ana Lúcia Pinto Vieira
- **father**: Alfredo Luis Mendes D'Ávila
Medical Lake, Washington

**Medical Lake** is a city in Spokane County, Washington. The population was 4,874 at the 2020 census. Medical Lake has a psychiatric hospital named Eastern State Hospital.

## History

The city of Medical Lake was founded in 1890. The city is named after a nearby lake. The Spokane Native American tribe which lived in the area for a long time, thought the water from the lake could heal sickness and injuries. White settlers who moved to the area in the 1870s, sold salts from the lake as medicine.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Medical Lake, Washington
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Hallett House Medical Lake, WA.png
- **image caption**: The Historic Hallett House
- **image map**: Spokane_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Medical_Lake_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Medical Lake, Washington
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Washington (state), Washington
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Washington, County
- **subdivision name2**: Spokane County, Washington, Spokane
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total sq mi**: 3.58
- **area land sq mi**: 3.37
- **area water sq mi**: 0.21
- **population total**: 4874
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density sq mi**: 1445.9
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific (PST)
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **elevation m**: 739
- **elevation ft**: 2425
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 99022
- **area code**: Area code 509, 509
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 53-44690
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1512452
Habeas Corpus Suspension Act (1863)

Lincoln's suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus.

Since the end of the Civil War, historians have constantly reviewed Abraham Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. Habeas corpus is stated in Article 1, Section 9 of the constitution as follows: "the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion and invasion the public safety may require it...", and is sometimes referred to in short as "the suspension clause."

The writ in essence requires that when arrested, a person has the right to be brought before a court or governmental judge to determine that there is a means to secure a person's release unless there are lawful grounds presented by the arresting authorities to justify detention of the accused.

Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus during the Civil War has been studied by historians from the time of the civil war and has not ceased until today with the subject of constitutional validity of the suspension. More specifically, the question of whether the power of suspension rests with the President or with Congress.
Gamma Velorum

**Gamma Velorum**, also called **Regor**, is a binary star in the Vela constellation. It is a binary system of two stars, a blue supergiant and a Wolf-Rayet star. The blue supergiant will explode as a supernova in the future and is highly luminous.
Regulus

**Regulus**, also named **Alpha Leonis**, is the brightest star in the Leo constellation. It is a blue main sequence star 3.5 times larger than the Sun.

Regulus might look like one star, but it's actually a quadruple star system composed of four stars organized into two pairs. Regulus is approximately 79 light years from the Solar System.
Spica

**Spica** is a blue main-sequence star that is the brightest star in the constellation Virgo. It is more than 7 times larger than the Sun.
Hazlet, New Jersey

**Hazlet** is a township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 20,125.
Franklin Square, New York

**Franklin Square** is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 30,903 at the 2020 census.
New Egypt, New Jersey

**New Egypt** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Plumsted Township, in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States.  As of the 2020 United States Census, the CDP's population was 2,357.
Åke Ortmark

**Åke Helge Ortmark** (14 May 1929 – 18 October 2018) was a Swedish journalist, author and radio and television presenter. During a long career he worked for both television and radio. He was born in Stockholm. He started working at Sveriges Radio in 1958.

Ortmark became the editor-in-chief of the weekly newspaper _Veckans Affärer_ between 1974 and 1976. In 1997 he was the television presenter for his own interview show _O som i Ortmark_ which was broadcast on TV8 until 2006.

Ortmark died on 18 October 2018 in Stockholm of pneumonia at the age of 89.
Chappaquiddick (movie)

***Chappaquiddick*** (titled ***The Senator*** in the United Kingdom) is a 2017 American drama movie directed by John Curran, and written by Taylor Allen and Andrew Logan. The movie stars Jason Clarke as U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts and Kate Mara as Mary Jo Kopechne, with Ed Helms, Bruce Dern, Jim Gaffigan, Clancy Brown, and Olivia Thirlby.

The movie is about the 1969 Chappaquiddick incident in which Kennedy drove his car into Poucha Pond and killed Kopechne and about the investigation the incident and the Kennedy family's response.

The movie was released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Entertainment Studios. It received positive reviews from critics.
Bedford, New York

**Bedford** is a town in Westchester County, New York, USA. The population was 17,309 at the 2020 census.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 5.5%, is water. The town is bordered to the west by Mount Kisco and the town of New Castle.
New Castle, New York

**New Castle** is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 18,311 at the 2020 census.

New Castle has several locations on the National Register of Historic Places, including The Williams-DuBois House, Old Chappaqua Historic District, and Isaac Young House.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 1.50%, is water.
Øivind Holmsen

**Øivind Holmsen** (28 April 1912 – 23 August 1996) was a Norwegian football player who played for the national team. He was mostly known for winning a bronze medal with his team for placing third at the 1936 Summer Olympics football tournament.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Øivind Holmsen
- **image**: Bronselaget 1936.jpg
- **fullname**: Øivind Josef Holmsen
- **birth place**: Norway
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **nationalteam1**: Norway national football team, Norway
Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska

**Scotts Bluff County** is a county on the western border of the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,084. Its county seat is Gering, and its largest city is Scottsbluff.
Anabolic steroid

**Anabolic steroids** (anabolic-androgenic steroids) are steroidal androgenics. They include natural androgens such as testosterone and synthetic androgens.  The synthetic androgens have similar chemical structure and similar effects to testosterone.

The steroids increase protein within cells, mainly skeletal muscles. They cause the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. They stimulate the growth of hair on the face and body.

The word anabolic, in reference to anabolism, comes from the Greek word _anabole_. That means: "That, which is thrown up, mound".

Androgens (or AAS) were synthesized in the 1930s. They are now used in medicine to bring on muscle growth and appetite. They also cause male puberty. AAS can also be used to treat chronic wasting conditions such as AIDS and cancer.

Long term use of androgens can lead to or cause harmful health effects. These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels, acne, high blood pressure and liver damage.

Use of androgens in sports, racing and bodybuilding as performance enhancing drugs is under controversy because of their adverse effects. There is also the chance to gain unfair advantage in physical competitions. The use of androgens in sports is called doping. Their use is banned by most major sporting bodies.
Seward County

**Seward County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Seward County, Kansas
- Seward County, Nebraska
Seward County, Nebraska

**Seward County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 17,609 people lived there. The county seat is Seward. It was founded in 1867.
Sheridan County

**Sheridan County** is the name of five counties in the United States:
- Sheridan County, Kansas
- Sheridan County, Montana
- Sheridan County, Nebraska
- Sheridan County, North Dakota
- Sheridan County, Wyoming
Sheridan County, Nebraska

**Sheridan County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 5,127 people lived there. The county seat is Rushville. The county was formed in 1885 and named after General Philip H. Sheridan. It is the fourth-largest county in Nebraska by area.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Sheridan County
- **state**: Nebraska
- **founded**: 1885
- **seat wl**: Rushville
- **largest city wl**: Gordon
- **area total sq mi**: 2470
- **area land sq mi**: 2441
- **area water sq mi**: 29
- **area percentage**: 1.2%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 5127
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Sheridan County, Nebraska courthouse from NW 2.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Sheridan County Courthouse in Rushville
- **district**: 3rd
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **named for**: Philip Sheridan
Sherman County

**Sherman County** is the name of four counties in the United States:
- Sherman County, Kansas
- Sherman County, Nebraska
- Sherman County, Oregon
- Sherman County, Texas
Sherman County, Nebraska

**Sherman County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 2,959 people lived there. The county seat is Loup City. It was founded in 1871.
Sioux County, Nebraska

**Sioux County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 1,135 people lived there. The county seat is Harrison. It was founded in 1877.
Sioux County

**Sioux County** is the name of three counties in the United States:
- Sioux County, Iowa
- Sioux County, Nebraska
- Sioux County, North Dakota
Stanton County, Nebraska

**Stanton County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 5,842 people lived there. The county seat is Stanton. It was founded in 1865.

### City

- Stanton (county seat)

### Village

- Pilger

### Census-designated place

- Woodland Park

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Stanton County
- **state**: Nebraska
- **founded**: 1856 (founded as "Izard County")
1862 (renamed "Stanton County")
1867 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Stanton
- **largest city**: Stanton
- **area total sq mi**: 431
- **area land sq mi**: 428
- **area water sq mi**: 3.1
- **area percentage**: 0.7%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 5842
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Stanton County Courthouse (Nebraska) from S 4.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Stanton County courthouse in Stanton
- **district**: 1st
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Edwin M. Stanton
Thomas County, Nebraska

**Thomas County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 669 people lived there. The county seat is Thedford. It was founded in 1887.
Thurston County, Nebraska

**Thurston County** is a county in Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 6,773 people lived there.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Thurston County
- **state**: Nebraska
- **founded**: 1889
- **seat wl**: Pender
- **largest city**: Pender
- **city type**: village
- **area total sq mi**: 396
- **area land sq mi**: 394
- **area water sq mi**: 2.5
- **area percentage**: 0.6%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 6773
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **web**: https://thurstoncountynebraska.us
- **ex image**: Thurston County, Nebraska courthouse from W.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Thurston County courthouse in Pender
- **named for**: John Mellen Thurston
- **district**: 1st
Valley County, Nebraska

**Valley County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 4,059 people lived there. The county seat is Ord. It was founded in 1871.

### City

- Ord (county seat)

### Villages

- Arcadia
- Elyria
- North Loup

### Unincorporated communities

- Olean
- Sumter

### Townships

- Arcadia
- Davis Creek
- Elyria
- Enterprise
- Eureka
- Geranium
- Independent
- Liberty
- Michigan
- Noble
- North Loup
- Ord
- Springdale
- Vinton
- Yale

## Other websites

- Official website of Valley County, Nebraska

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Valley County
- **state**: Nebraska
- **founded**: 1871 (formed)
1873 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Ord
- **largest city**: Ord
- **area total sq mi**: 570
- **area land sq mi**: 568
- **area water sq mi**: 2.4
- **area percentage**: 0.4%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 4059
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Valley County, Nebraska courthouse from W.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Valley County Courthouse in Ord
- **district**: 3rd
- **time zone**: Central
Wayne County, Nebraska

**Wayne County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,697. Its county seat is Wayne. It was founded in 1870.

Wayne County, like the City of Wayne, was named for the Revolutionary War hero General Anthony Wayne.
Webster County, Nebraska

**Webster County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,395. Its county seat is Red Cloud. The county was founded in 1871. It is named after the statesman Daniel Webster.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Webster County
- **state**: Nebraska
- **founded**: 1871
- **seat wl**: Red Cloud
- **largest city**: Red Cloud
- **area total sq mi**: 575
- **area land sq mi**: 575
- **area water sq mi**: 0.1
- **area percentage**: 0.02%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 3,395
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.co.webster.ne.us
- **ex image**: Webster County Courthouse, Red Cloud.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Webster County Courthouse in Red Cloud
- **district**: 3rd
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Daniel Webster
Wheeler County, Nebraska

**Wheeler County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 774 people lived there. The county seat is Bartlett. It was founded in 1877.
York County, Nebraska

**York County** is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska, and was founded in 1870. As of the 2020 census, 14,125 people lived there. The county seat is York.

## Communities

- Benedict
- Bradshaw
- Gresham
- Henderson
- Lushton
- McCool Junction
- Thayer
- Waco
- York (county seat)

## Other websites

- York County, Nebraska Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: York County
- **settlement type**: County (United States), County
- **image skyline**: York County Courthouse (Nebraska) 3.jpg
- **image caption**: York County Courthouse in York
- **map caption**: Interactive map of York County
- **image map1**: Map of Nebraska highlighting York County.svg
- **map caption1**: Location within the U.S. state of Nebraska
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: March 16, 1855
- **established title1**: Organized
- **established date1**: April 26, 1870
- **seat type**: County seat
- **seat**: York, Nebraska, York
- **parts type**: Largest city
- **parts**: York
- **unit pref**: US
- **area total sq mi**: 576
- **area land sq mi**: 573
- **area water sq mi**: 3.3
- **area water percent**: 0.6
- **elevation max ft**: 1598
- **elevation min ft**: 1066
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population total**: 14125
- **population as of**: 2020
- **area code**: Area codes 402 and 531, 402/531
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **blank name sec1**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info sec1**: 31185
- **blank1 name sec1**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **website**: [http://www.yorkcounty.ne.gov/ www.yorkcounty.ne.gov]
- **timezone**: Central Time Zone, Central
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
York County

**York County** may refer to:

## Places

- in Australia
- York County, Western Australia
- County of York (South Australia)

- in Canada
- York County, New Brunswick
- York County, Ontario

- in the United Kingdom
- Yorkshire, England
- County of York, East Riding
- County of York, North Riding
- County of York, West Riding

- in the United States
- York County, Maine
- York County, Massachusetts, former county in what is now Maine
- York County, Nebraska
- York County, Pennsylvania
- York County, South Carolina
- York County, Virginia

## Other

- New York County, New York
McCool Junction, Nebraska

**McCool Junction** is a village in York County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 453 at the 2020 census.
Forsyth County

**Forsyth County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Forsyth County, Georgia
- Forsyth County, North Carolina
Guðmundur Þór Kárason

**Guðmundur Þór Kárason** (born 14 June 1974) is an Icelandic puppeteer and puppet designer, best known for his work on _LazyTown_, as well as the voice of Ziggy. He was born in Reykjavík, Iceland.

Starting in 2004, Guðmundur was one of the founders of LTS Garðbær Studios (also known as LazyTown Entertainment), puppet performer and voice of Ziggy in _LazyTown_. In 2010, he was a photographer for the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. In 2011 he was the director and producer for the postcards and made the graphics for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2011 in the Armenian capital Yerevan.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Guðmundur Þór Kárason
- **birth name**: Gùðmundur Þór Kárason
- **birth place**: Reykjavík, Iceland
Epic (2013 movie)

***Epic*** (stylized as ***epic***) is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated action-adventure movie loosely based on William Joyce's children's book _The Leaf Men_ and the _Brave Good Bugs_. It was produced by Blue Sky Studios, written by William Joyce, James V. Hart, Daniel Shere, Tom J. Astle and Matt Ember and directed by Chris Wedge, the director of _Ice Age_ (2002) and _Robots_ (2005). The movie stars the voices of Colin Farrell, Josh Hutcherson, Amanda Seyfried, Christoph Waltz, Aziz Ansari, Chris O'Dowd, Pitbull, Jason Sudeikis, Steven Tyler and Beyoncé Knowles. The film was released on May 24, 2013, by 20th Century Fox. Epic received mixed reviews from critics and earned $268 million on a $93 million budget.
Danny Leiner

**Daniel** "**Danny**" **Leiner** (May 13, 1961 – October 18, 2018) was an American movie director. His credits include _The Great New Wonderful_, _Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle_, _Dude, Where's My Car?_, _Layin' Low_, and _Time Expired_.

Leiner also directed a wide range of television, including _Arrested Development_, _Everwood_, _Gilmore Girls_, _Freaks and Geeks_, _Sports Night_, _Felicity_, _Action_, _The Tick_, MTV's _Austin Stories_ and HBO's _The Mind of the Married Man_, _The Sopranos_, and _How to Make It in America_. He also directed an episode of _The Office_ entitled "WUPHF.com."

## Early life

Leiner was born **Daniel Leiner** in Brooklyn, New York on May 13, 1961.

## Death

On October 18, 2018, Leiner died from lung cancer in Los Angeles, California at the age of 57.
Takanobu Hozumi

, better known as , was a Japanese actor and voice actor. He was born in Ōhito, Shizuoka, Japan (now Izunokuni, Shizuoka). He was known for his roles in _The Demon_, _Mr. Baseball_ and _The X from Outer Space_.

Hozumi died on October 19, 2018 from gallbladder cancer, aged 87.
Aurora County, South Dakota

**Aurora County** is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota.  As of the 2020 census, 2,747 people lived there. Its county seat is Plankinton. It was created in 1879.
Beadle County, South Dakota

**Beadle County** is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 19,149 people lived there. Its county seat is Huron. It was created in 1879.
Bennett County, South Dakota

**Bennett County** is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 3,381 people lived there. Its county seat is Martin.
Bon Homme County, South Dakota

**Bon Homme County** is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 7,003 people lived there. Its county seat is Tyndall. Bon Homme County was created in 1862.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Bon Homme County
- **state**: South Dakota
- **ex image**: Bon Homme County courthouse from SE 1.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Bon Homme County courthouse
- **founded date**: April 5
- **founded year**: 1862
- **seat wl**: Tyndall
- **largest city wl**: Springfield
- **area total sq mi**: 582
- **area land sq mi**: 564
- **area water sq mi**: 18
- **area percentage**: 3.1
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 7003
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **web**: bonhomme.sdcounties.org
- **named for**: Bon Homme Island
- **district**: At-large
Fillmore County

**Fillmore County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Fillmore County, Minnesota
- Fillmore County, Nebraska
Fairfield County

**Fairfield County** is the name of three counties in the United States:
- Fairfield County, Connecticut
- Fairfield County, Ohio
- Fairfield County, South Carolina
Brookings County, South Dakota

**Brookings County** is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 34,375 people lived there, making it the fifth-most populous county in South Dakota. Its county seat is Brookings. The county was created in 1862 and organized in 1871.

Brookings County comprises the Brookings, SD Micropolitan Statistical Area.

### Cities

- Arlington (partial)
- Brookings (county seat)
- Bruce
- Elkton
- Volga
- White

### Towns

- Aurora
- Bushnell
- Sinai

### Census-designated places

- Lake Poinsett
- Newdale Colony
- Norfeld Colony
- Rolland Colony

### Unincorporated communities

- Ahnberg
- Medary

### Townships

The county is divided into twenty-three townships:

- Afton
- Alton
- Argo
- Aurora
- Bangor
- Brookings
- Elkton
- Eureka
- Lake Hendricks
- Lake Sinai
- Laketon
- Medary
- Oaklake
- Oakwood
- Oslo
- Parnell
- Preston
- Richland
- Sherman
- Sterling
- Trenton
- Volga
- Winsor

## Other websites

- Brookings County, SD government website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Brookings County
- **state**: South Dakota
- **founded**: 1862 (created)
July 3, 1871 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Brookings
- **largest city wl**: Brookings
- **area total sq mi**: 805
- **area land sq mi**: 792
- **area water sq mi**: 13
- **area percentage**: 1.6
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 34375
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **web**: brookingscountysd.gov
- **named for**: Wilmot Brookings, Wilmot Wood Brookings
- **ex image**: Brookings court house.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Brookings County Courthouse in Brookings
- **district**: At-large
Bazilije Pandžić

**Bazilije Stjepan Pandžić** (30 January 1918 – 16 April 2019) was a Croatian historian, archivist and orientalist. He entered the Franciscan Order in 1935 and was became a priest in 1941. From 1947 to 1985, he was the general archivist and analyst of the Franciscan Order in Rome.

In 1958, he was named vice-president of the International Association of Church Archives.  He turned 100 in January 2018.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Bazilije Pandžić
- **image**: Bazilije Stjepan Pandžić Zagreb 2011-06-24.JPG
- **caption**: Bazilije Stjepan Pandžić (2011)
- **birth place**: Drinovci, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **occupation**: historian, archivist, Oriental studies, orientalist
- **language**: Croatian language, Croatian, Latin language, Latin, Italian language, Italian, French language, French, German language, German, Spanish Language, Spanish, English
- **nationality**: Croats, Croat
- **period**: 20th and 21st century
Lloyd Geering

**Sir Lloyd George Geering**  (born 26 February 1918) is a New Zealand theologian. He faced charges of heresy in 1967 for his controversial views. He believes that Christian and Muslim fundamentalism to be "social evils". Geering is Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies at Victoria University of Wellington.

He turned 100 in February 2018.

## Other websites

- Geering, Lloyd  _New Zealand Book Council_. Retrieved 26 December 2010.
- Lloyd Geering is a member of the St Andrew's Trust for the study of Religion and Society. Lloyd Geering is a founding member of the SATRS Trust Board.
- St Andrew's in The Terrace , Presbyterian Church Lloyd Geering is Theologian-in-residence at St Andrew's on The Terrace

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Sir Lloyd Geering
- **image**: Lloyd Geering, 2011.jpg
- **caption**: Geering in September 2011
- **birth place**: Rangiora, New Zealand
- **nationality**: New Zealand
- **alma mater**: University of Otago
- **known for**: 1967 charges of heresy
H. S. Doreswamy

**Harohalli Srinivasaiah Doreswamy** (10 April 1918 – 26 May 2021) was an Indian activist and journalist. He turned 100 in April 2018. He was known for being an important figure in the Indian independence movement. He worked alongside Gandhi during the movement. He was born in Harohalli, Mysore State, British Indian Empire.

After independence, Doreswamy continued to work as a journalist and social reformer. He raised his voice on many public issues, including corruption, education and the environment. He took part in movements to support farmers and to protect civil rights in India.

Doreswamy turned 100 years old in April 2018. He continued to be active in public life even after the age of 100, attending protests and writing articles.

## Death

Doreswamy died on 26 May 2021 in Bangalore, Karnataka from cardiac arrest, aged 103.
Frank Popper

**Frank Popper** (April 17, 1918 – July 12, 2020) was a French historian of art and technology. He was Professor Emeritus of Aesthetics and the Science of Art at the University of Paris VIII. He was author of the books: _Origins and Development of Kinetic Art_, _Art, Action, and Participation_, _Art of the Electronic Age_ and _From Technological to Virtual Art_.

He turned 100 in April 2018. Popper died on July 12, 2020 in Lugano, Switzerland at the age of 102.

## Other websites

- Centre d'Art Contemporain Frank Popper, Marcigny, France
- From Technological to Virtual Art book by Frank Popper
- Frank Popper interviewed by Joseph Nechvatal

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Frank Popper
- **image**: Popperfrank (cropped-2).JPG
- **image size**: 300px
- **birth place**: Prague, now Czech Republic
- **death place**: Lugano, Switzerland
- **citizenship**: Dual France, French and United Kingdom, British citizenship
- **alma mater**: Paris-Sorbonne University
- **known for**: Historian of art and technology
Henrietta Boggs

**Henrietta Boggs** (May 6, 1918 – September 9, 2020) was a Costa Rican-American author, journalist, and activist. She was the first wife of José Figueres Ferrer and served as First Lady of Costa Rica from 1948 to 1949 in the years after the Costa Rican Civil War.

She turned 100 in May 2018. She was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina.

Boggs died at her home in Montgomery, Alabama on September 9, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 102.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Henrietta Boggs
- **image**: Henrietta Boggs Panel Discussion 2014.png
- **caption**: Henrietta Boggs speaking at a panel discussion in 2014
- **office**: First Ladies and Gentlemen of Costa Rica, First Lady of Costa Rica
- **term start**: 1948
- **term end**: 1949
- **predecessor**: Etelvina Ramírez Montiel
- **successor**: Vacant
- **president**: Jose Figueres Ferrer
- **birth place**: Spartanburg, South Carolina, U.S.
- **death place**: Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
- **spouse**: Jose Figueres Ferrer (m. 1941–1954)
Hugh MacGuire
- **children**: José Martí Figueres, Muni Figueres
- **parents**: Meta Long & Ralph Emerson Boggs
Brenda Milner

**Brenda Milner**,  (born July 15, 1918) is a British-Canadian neuropsychologist. Her work focused on the field of clinical neuropsychology, is sometimes known as "the founder of neuropsychology".

Milner is a professor in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery at McGill University and a professor of Psychology at the Montreal Neurological Institute.

She turned 100 in July 2018.

## Other websites

- Great Canadian Psychology Website – Brenda Milner Biography
- Interview on Futures in Biotech (2008)
- "Still Charting Memory’s Depths – A Conversation with Brenda Milner", The New York Times (2013)

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Brenda Milner
- **image**: Brenda_Milner.jpg
- **caption**: Milner at TEDxMcGill, 2011
- **birth place**: Manchester, England
- **field**: Neuropsychology
- **work institution**: McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute
- **alma mater**: University of Cambridge, McGill University
- **doctoral advisor**: Donald Olding Hebb
- **known for**: Study of memory and cognition; Work with patient Henry Molaison, H.M.
Paul Farnes

**Paul Caswell Powe Farnes**,  (16 July 1918 – 28 January 2020) was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot. He was born in Hampshire, England. He was a Second World War flying ace who flew during the Battle of Britain as one of "The Few", during which he scored 8 kills (comprising 7 and 2 shared destroyed, 2 'probables' and 11 damaged).

Farnes died on 28 January 2020 in Hampshire at the age of 101.

## Other websites

- RCAF 70 Anniversary article
Paul O'Brien (chemist)

**Paul O'Brien **  (22 January 1954 – 16 October 2018) was a British chemist. He was professor of Inorganic Materials at the University of Manchester where he was head of the School of Chemistry from 2004 to 2009 and head of the School of Materials from 2011 to 2015.

O'Brien was made Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in January 2016. He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2018.

O'Brien died on 16 October 2018 at the age of 64.

## Education

O'Brien was awarded with a Bachelor of Science degree at Cardinal Langley Grammar School in Middleton, Greater Manchester and in 1978 the University of Liverpool and completed a PhD at University College, Cardiff.

## Award

O'Brien was appointed a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2016. Also, in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to science and engineering, received the RSC Longstaff Prize and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng).
Leone Frollo

**Leone Frollo** (9 April 1931 – 17 October 2018)  was an Italian comic book artist. He was known for his work in _Biancaneve_. He was also known for his works in  _Lucifera_ and _Yra_. He was born in Venice.

Frollo died on 17 October 2018 at the age of 87.
Osamu Shimomura

was a Japanese organic chemist and marine biologist. He was Professor Emeritus at Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts and Boston University School of Medicine. He was born in Kyoto.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008 for the discovery and development of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with two American scientists: Martin Chalfie of Columbia University and Roger Tsien of the University of California-San Diego.

Shimomura died on October 19, 2018 in Nagasaki at the age of 90.
Roger Y. Tsien

**Roger Yonchien Tsien** (; February 1, 1952 – August 24, 2016) was a Chinese-American biochemist. He was a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, San Diego. He was awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein with organic chemist Osamu Shimomura and neurobiologist Martin Chalfie.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Roger Tsien
- **birth name**: Roger Yonchien Tsien (錢永健)
- **image**: Roger Tsien-press conference Dec 07th, 2008-2.jpg
- **caption**: Tsien in 2008
- **birth place**: New York, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Eugene, Oregon, U.S.
- **citizenship**: Citizenship of the United States, United States
- **nationality**: United States nationality law, American
- **spouse**: Wendy Globe
- **fields**: Biochemistry
- **doctoral advisor**: Richard Adrian
- **thesis title**: The design and use of organic chemical tools in cellular physiology
- **thesis year**: 1976
- **thesis url**: http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.475593
Joachim Frank

**Joachim Frank** (born September 12, 1940) is a German-born American biophysicist at Columbia University. He is thought to be as the founder of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017 with Jacques Dubochet and Richard Henderson.  He also made major works to structure and function of the ribosome from bacteria and eukaryotes.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Joachim Frank
- **image**: Joachim Frank.jpg
- **caption**: Joachim Frank under Nobel Prize press conference in Stockholm, December 2017
- **birth place**: Siegen, Nazi Germany, Germany
- **citizenship**: United States, Germany
- **education**: University of Freiburg
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University of Munich
Max Planck Society
Technical University of Munich
- **known for**: Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy
Ribosome Molecular dynamics, structure and dynamics
- **children**: Ze Frank & Mariel Frank
- **awards**: Franklin Institute Awards, Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science
Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- **doctoral advisor**: Walter Hoppe
- **thesis title**: Untersuchungen von elektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen hoher Auflösung mit Bilddifferenz- und Rekonstruktionsverfahren
- **thesis year**: 1970
- **academic advisors**: Robert M. Glaeser, Robert Nathan
- **fields**: Structural biology
Cryo-electron microscopy
- **workplaces**: University at Albany, Department of Biomedical Sciences
 Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory

***Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory*** is a 1971 American musical fantasy movie directed by Mel Stuart. It stars Gene Wilder as Willy Wonka and Jack Albertson as Grandpa Joe. It is a movie version of the 1964 novel _Charlie and the Chocolate Factory_ by Roald Dahl.

Filming took place in Munich in 1970. It was released by Paramount Pictures on June 30, 1971. The movie became highly popular in part through repeated television airings and home entertainment sales. In 1972, the movie received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score, and Wilder was nominated for a Golden Globe as Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy, but lost both awards.

In 2014, the movie was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

## Cast

- Gene Wilder as Willy Wonka
- Jack Albertson as Grandpa Joe
- Peter Ostrum as Charlie Bucket
- Roy Kinnear as Henry Salt
- Julie Dawn Cole as Veruca Salt
- Leonard Stone as Sam Beauregarde
- Denise Nickerson as Violet Beauregarde
- Dodo Denney as Mrs. Teavee
- Paris Themmen as Mike Teavee
- Ursula Reit as Mrs. Gloop
- Michael Böllner as Augustus Gloop
- Diana Sowle as Mrs. Bucket
- Aubrey Woods as Bill
- David Battley as Mr. Turkentine
- Günter Meisner as Mr. Slugworth / Mr. Wilkinson
- Peter Capell as The Tinker
- Werner Heyking as Mr. Jopeck
- Peter Stuart as Winkelmann

## Other websites

- _Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory_ at AFI Catalog of Feature Films
- Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory essay by Brian Scott Mednick at National Film Registry

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
- **image**: Child cast of Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory at the 2011 Wizard World Chicago.JPG
- **director**: Mel Stuart
- **screenplay**: Roald Dahl
- **cinematography**: Arthur Ibbetson
- **editing**: David Saxon
- **distributor**: Paramount Pictures
- **runtime**: 100 minutes
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $3 million
- **gross**: $4 million
Diana Sowle

**Diana Sowle** (June 19, 1930 – October 19, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in California. Sowle was known for her roles as Mrs. Hellen Bucket in the 1971 hit movie _Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory_ and as a variety of characters in the video game _Fallout 3_. Her only other screen roles were in 1994, when she appeared in _Clear and Present Danger_ and _Guarding Tess_.

Sowle died on October 19, 2018 at the age of 88.
Joachim Rønneberg

**Joachim Holmboe Rønneberg**, DSO (30 August 1919 – 21 October 2018) was a Norwegian Army officer and broadcaster. He was known for his resistance work during World War II. He commanded Operation Gunnerside.

Rønneberg reported for national service in 1938, being told to report for duty with the surveying department in 1940.

Rønneberg died on 21 October 2018 at the age of 99.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Joachim Holmboe Rønneberg
- **image**: 30860 Klingenberg kino Kampen om tungtvannet.jpg
- **caption**: Joachim Rønneberg (left), Jens Anton Poulsson and Kasper Idland receive King Haakon VII of Norway at the premiere of the film _Operation Swallow: The Battle for Heavy Water_ in Oslo (1948)
- **birth place**: Ålesund, Norway
- **allegiance**: Norway
- **branch**: Norwegian Army
- **serviceyears**: 1941–1945
- **rank**: First Lieutenant
- **unit**: Norwegian Independent Company 1
- **relations**: Alf Rønneberg (father)
Anna Krag Sandberg (mother)
Erling Rønneberg (brother)
Anton Johan Rønneberg (great uncle)
- **laterwork**: Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, NRK broadcaster
The Curse of La Llorona

***The Curse of La Llorona*** is an American supernatural horror movie. It was directed by Michael Chaves. It was written by Mikki Daughtry and Tobias Iaconis. James Wan produced the movie. It stars Linda Cardellini, Raymond Cruz, Patricia Velásquez, Marisol Ramirez, Sean Patrick Thomas and Tony Amendola as Father Perez.

This movie is the sixth installment in _The Conjuring Universe_. It is based on the Mexican folk tale La Llorona.

The movie was released on April 19, 2019 by Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema.
Linda Cardellini

**Linda Edna Cardellini** (born June 25, 1975) is an American actress. She is known for playing Lindsay Weir on _Freaks and Geeks_ (1999–2000), Samantha Taggart on _ER_ (2003–09), and Meg Rayburn on _Bloodline_ (2015–17).

Cardellini is also known for her role as Velma Dinkley in the _Scooby-Doo_ live-action movie series (2002–04).

Cardellini's voice work includes CJ from _Regular Show_, Wendy from _Gravity Falls_, and Megan from _Sanjay and Craig_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Linda Cardellini
- **image**: Linda Cardellini Deauville 2011.jpg
- **alt**: Wearing a violet sleeveless wrap, hair in a shoulder-length feather cut
- **caption**: Cardellini at the 2011 Deauville American Film Festival
- **birth place**: Redwood City, California, United States
- **birth name**: Linda Edna Cardellini
- **years active**: 1994–present
- **education**: Loyola Marymount University
- **partner**: Steven Rodriguez <small>(2009–present; engaged since 2013)</small>
- **children**: 1
Gary Gilmore

**Gary Mark Gilmore** (December 4, 1940 – January 17, 1977) was an American criminal who gained international attention for demanding that his death sentence be carried out for two murders he committed in Utah.  Due to a ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States, Gilmore was the first person executed in the United States after ten years during which no executions were carried out in the country.  Gilmore is also the last person in the United States to request to be executed by firing squad and have their request granted (meaning the combination of the two; other people have requested to be executed by firing squad in the United States since then).

Immediately before his execution, Gilmore observed the Last Rites with a Catholic priest; he had converted to the Catholic Church.
Srebrenica massacre

The **Srebrenica massacre**, also known as the **Srebrenica genocide** (), was the July 1995 genocide of 8,373 Muslim Bosniaks, mainly military-aged men and boys in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War by the Army of Republika Srpska (the Serb Republic of Bosnia) instructed by Ratko Mladić.  The Bosnian genocide from 1992 to 1995 during the Yugoslav Wars when the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia started to collapse in 1992 (after 47 year's of Communism since 1945) and since the death of Josip Broz Tito in 1980 (just 35 year's after Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes or the Kingdom of Yugoslavia became a Communist State)

In 2005, Kofi Annan, then Secretary-General of the United Nations, described the genocide as the worst crime against humanity in Europe since the Second World War.

In July 2015, Russia disliked a UN request that would have declare the Srebrenica massacre as a genocide. The Serbian Prime Minister at that time, Tomislav Nikolić, later thanked Russia for disliking said request, as it would paint Serbia up as a country of genocide. No further request by the UN has been attempted to declare it as a genocide since. but May 23, 2024, a date has been set as genocide commemoration day. July 11 is the International Day of Reflection and Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica, established by the UN.

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: Srebrenica genocide
- **location**: Srebrenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **native name**: Masakr u Srebrenici
Genocid u Srebrenici
- **target**: Bosniaks, Bosniak men and boys
- **date**: –
- **type**: Mass murder, ethnic cleansing and genocide
- **fatalities**: 8,373
- **motive**: Islamophobia and Serbian nationalism
- **perps**: Army of Republika Srpska
Bob Dornan

**Robert Kenneth Dornan** (born April 3, 1933) is an American politician, actor and radio personality. He was the Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from California's 27th, 38th and 46th congressional districts from 1977 to 1983 and again from 1985 to 1997.

Dornan was born in New York City to a Roman Catholic family. He studied at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. In 1952, he joined the United States Air Force as a fighter pilot. In 1955, he married Sallie Hansen. They have five children.

Dornan also served as a combat journalist and photographer on several missions in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia during the Vietnam War and flew relief flights into Biafra. He was on active duty until 1958, and attained the rank of Captain. He was in the California Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve until 1975.

Dornan ran for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 1996 election, but lost the nomination to Kansas United States Senator Bob Dole. Dornan also lost his House re-election in 1996 to Loretta Sanchez by 979 votes.

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Dornan hosted the "Bob Dornan Show", a radio talk show syndicated nationally by Talk Radio Network.

In 2004, Dornan ran again for the House against incumbent Dana Rohrabacher, but lost in a landslide.

Dornan took an active role in the civil rights movement. He took part in the historic 1963 March on Washington led by Martin Luther King Jr. The following year he helped register African Americans to vote in Mississippi.

Dornan was also an actor and had a recurring role as Captain Fowler on ABC's _Twelve O'Clock High_ television series and smaller roles on ABC's _Bewitched_ and NBC's _I Dream of Jeannie_.

## Other websites

- Official website  (last updated February 2004)
 Retrieved on 2009-03-08
Mr. June

**Mr. June** is a nickname that may refer to:

- Mark Messier (born 1961), Canadian ice hockey player
- Michael Jordan (born 1963), American basketball player
I Dream of Jeannie

***I Dream of Jeannie*** is an American fantasy sitcom. It stars Barbara Eden as a 2,000-year-old genie and Larry Hagman as an astronaut who becomes her master. They fall in love and later get married. It is produced by Screen Gems. It also stars Bill Daily and Hayden Rorke.

The show originally aired from September 18, 1965 to May 26, 1970 with new episodes, and through September 1970 with season repeats, on NBC. The show ran for five seasons and produced 139 episodes.

## Other websites

- Barbara "Jeannie" Eden's Official Website
- TV Land buys back the rights to _I Dream of Jeannie_
Hayden Rorke

**William Henry Rorke** (October 23, 1910 – August 19, 1987) was an American actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was best known for playing Colonel Dr. Alfred E. Bellows on the 1960s American sitcom _I Dream of Jeannie_.

Rorke died on August 19, 1987 at his home in Toluca Lake, California of multiple myeloma at the age of 76.

In a 2011 memoir by _Jeannie_ co-star Barbara Eden revealed that Rorke was "unashamed to be gay" and that they were close friends.
Allelopathy

**Allelopathy** is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that inhibits the growth of another.
Lake Rotorua

**Lake Rotorua** is a large shallow lake in the North Island of New Zealand.

The lake was formed from the crater of a large volcano. Its last major eruption was about 240,000 years ago.  After the eruption, the magma chamber underneath the volcano collapsed.  The circular depression left behind is the **Rotorua Caldera**, the site of the lake. Several other lakes of volcanic origin are nearby to the east around the active volcano Mount Tarawera.

The lake is large, 79.8 km<sup>2</sup>, but its mean depth is only 10 metres. It is in the Bay of Plenty region. The city of Rotorua is on its southern shore, and the town of Ngongotaha is at the western edge of the lake.

## Infobox (lake)

- **name**: Lake Rotorua
- **image**: Lake Rotorua.jpg
- **location**: Rotorua District, Bay of Plenty, Bay of Plenty Region, North Island
- **type**: crater lake
- **inflow**: Utuhina, Hamurana Spring, Ngongotaha
- **outflow**: Ohau Channel
- **basin countries**: New Zealand
- **islands**: Mokoia Island
- **cities**: Rotorua, Ngongotaha