juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Classes of deities in Meitei religion

In Sanamahism (Meitei religion), there are four major classes of deities. These are the Apokpas, the Imung Lais, the Lam Lais and the Umang Lais.
1. Apokpa - The Apokpa is a class of deities which are regarded as the ancestors of the mankind. Every family and clan has their ancestral deity each. For example, the Khuman Apokpa is the Apokpa of the Khuman dynasty.
1. Imung Lai - The Imung Lai is a class of deities which dwell inside the household of the mankind. They are the protectors and the protectresses of the living house.
1. Lam Lai - The Lam Lai is a class of deities which dwell in the villages and countrysides. The feminine form of "Lam Lai" is "Lam Leima".
1. Umang Lai - The Umang Lai is a class of deities which dwell in the forests and woods. They are the protectors and the protectresses of the woodlands. Notably, the Umang Lai sacred groves are preserved in dedication to them.
Sometimes, some scholars classify the classes into three, excluding the Apokpa.
Apokpa Marup

The **Apokpa Marup** or the **Apokpa Laining** is a modern religious denomination of Sanamahism, the primitive Meitei religion, founded by Laininghal Naoriya Phullo in 1930 in Cachar, Assam. It was founded in the goal of reviving the suppressed old paganism of the Meitei ethnicity in the then Manipur.

## Infobox (religion)

- **name**: Apokpa Marup
- **main classification**: Religious denomination
- **type**: Meitei
- **area**: India (Manipur, Assam and Tripura), Bangladesh and Myanmar
- **language**: Meitei language (Manipuri language)
- **founder**: Laininghal Naoriya Phulo
- **founded date**: 1930 AD
- **branched from**: Sanamahism (Meitei religion)
- **founded place**: Cachar, Assam
- **other names**: Apokpa Laining Marup
- **publications**: Apokpa Mapu gi Tungnapham
- **theology**: Meitei philosophy
Metal toxicity

**Metal toxicity** or **metal poisoning** is the bad effect of certain metals doses on life. Most heavy metals are toxic. But, some heavy metals like iron are essential for life. Elements that we need in our body may also be toxic when in high doses.

## Testing and treatment for poisoning

People are always being exposed to metals in the environment. Medical tests can find metals in our body but does not show that a person is poisoned. Metal screening tests should not be used unless there is reason to believe that a person has had been exposed to excess metals.

A treatment for metal poisoning may be chelation therapy. Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and metals.
Washi

***Washi*** (和紙) is a traditional Japanese paper. The term is used to describe paper that uses local fiber, processed by hand and made in the traditional way. _Washi_ is made with fibers from the inner bark of the gampi tree, the mitsumata shrub, or the paper mulberry bush. As a Japanese craft, it is registered as a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage.

Washi is tougher than ordinary paper made from wood pulp. It is used in many traditional arts. Origami, Shodo, and Ukiyo-e were all produced using washi. Washi was also used to make many goods like clothes, household goods, and toys. It was even used to make wreaths that were given to winners in the 1998 Winter Paralympics.
Deux Rivières

**Deux Rivières** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Yonne department in central France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2017 and consists of the former communes of Cravant (the seat) and Accolay.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Yonne department

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Deux Rivières
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Beffroi de Cravant-PDSC 0089.jpg
- **caption**: Belfry of Cravant
- **arrondissement**: Auxerre
- **canton**: Joux-la-Ville
- **insee**: 89130
- **postal code**: 89460
- **mayor**: Alain Loury
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Chablis, Villages et Terroirs
- **elevation min m**: 106
- **elevation max m**: 289
- **area km2**: 31.81
Treigny-Perreuse-Sainte-Colombe

**Treigny-Perreuse-Sainte-Colombe** is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Yonne department in central France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of Treigny (the seat) and Sainte-Colombe-sur-Loing.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Treigny-Perreuse-Sainte-Colombe
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Château guédelon août 2007.jpg
- **insee**: 89420
- **postal code**: 89520
- **arrondissement**: Auxerre
- **canton**: Vincelles
- **mayor**: Paulo Da Silva Moreira
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Puisaye-Forterre
- **elevation min m**: 187
- **elevation max m**: 367
- **area km2**: 67.46
Andrew Symonds

**Andrew Symonds** (9 June 1975 – 14 May 2022) was an Australian cricketer. He played all three formats as a batting all-rounder. He was a key member of the Australian side that won the World Cup twice in 2003 and 2007.

Symonds was a right-handed middle order batsman and was both a medium pace and off-spin bowler. He was also remembered for his fielding skills. He played 26 Tests and 198 ODIs for Australia. He was often known by the nickname "Roy". He retired from all forms of cricket in 2012.

Symonds was born in Birmingham, England. He was adopted by an English couple, Barbara and Ken Symonds. One of his biological parents was of West Indian ancestry and the other was believed to be of Danish or Swedish background. Shortly after his adoption, the family moved to Queensland, Australia. He grew up in Charters Towers and on the Gold Coast. He lived in Townsville and had two children.

Symonds was killed in a car crash at Hervey Range, near Townsville, on 14 May 2022. He was 46.

## Other websites

- Andrew Symonds at ESPNcricinfo
The Cow (movie)

***The Cow*** (, ***Gāv*** or ***Gav***) is a 1969 Iranian drama movie directed by Dariush Mehrjui and was based on the novel and play by Gholam-Hossein Saedi. It stars Ezzatollah Entezami, Jamshid Mashayekhi, Ali Nassirian, Jafar Vali.
Pelago

**Pelago** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Pontassieve

**Pontassieve** is an Italian town in Tuscany. It has about 20,600 inhabitants.

## Twin towns

- Griesheim, Germany
- Saint-Genis-Laval, France
- Tifariti, Western Sahara
- Znojmo, Czech Republic
Reggello

**Reggello** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Rignano sull'Arno

**Rignano sull'Arno** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Sesto Fiorentino

**Sesto Fiorentino** is a city in central Italy. Sesto Fiorentino is in the Tuscany Region. It has 49,158 people.
Rufina

**Rufina** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Luhansk

**Luhansk** (; ) is a city in eastern Ukraine, near the border with Russia. It is the administrative center of the Luhansk Oblast. In 2020, 401,297 people lived there.

## History

At the Lukhansk airport, Ukrainian soldiers were fighting from May to September 2024.
Loss of Ukrainian control of the Lukhansk airport:
On the night of September 1, 2014 the last remaining Ukrainian soldiers left the ruined airport; It was defended for 146 days.
Zeolite

**Zeolites** are a type of mineral made of mostly alumina and silica (an aluminosilicate). They are microporous, meaning they contain tiny holes called pores. Zeolite is commonly used in commercial absorbants and catalysts. In addition to natural zeolite rocks, many synthetic zeolites have been made by people.

The name _zeolite_ was given in 1756 by Swedish mineralogist Axel Fredrik Cronstedt. He called the material _zeolite_, from the Greek ζέω (zéō), meaning "to boil" and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone".

## Occurrence

Natural zeolites form where volcanic rocks and ash react with alkaline groundwater. Zeolites found in nature are almost never pure. They are contaminated by other minerals, metals, quartz, or other zeolites.

## Uses

Zeolites can be used in domestic and commercial water purification, water softening, and other uses. Zeolites were also found to help silver naturally emit light, which may compete with fluorescent lights or LEDs.

Zeolites can be used to store solar heat harvested from solar thermal collectors. The largest use for zeolite is the global laundry detergent market.

Synthetic zeolites are widely used in the chemical industry. The crystal structure of synthetic zeolite can be carefully designed to control the size of the pores, allowing it to serve as a molecular sieve that separates molecules by shape and size. The structure can also be designed to control how it acts as a catalyst, or as a scaffold for other crystals to be grown on.
Cabinet of Singapore

The **Cabinet of Singapore** forms the (executive branch) of Singapore together with the President of Singapore. It is led by the Prime Minister of Singapore who is the head of government. The Prime Minister is a Member of Parliament (MP) appointed by the President who selects a person that in his or her view is likely to command the confidence of a majority of the Parliament of Singapore. The other members of the Cabinet are Ministers who are Members of Parliament appointed by the President on the Prime Minister's advice.

## Infobox (government agency)

- **name**: Cabinet of the Republic of Singapore
- **native name**: Current: Fifth Lee Hsien Loong Cabinet
- **seal**: Coat of arms of Singapore.svg
- **seal caption**: <small>Coat of Arms of Singapore</small>
- **type**: Cabinet (government), Cabinet
- **agency type**: Decision making
- **agency id**: T08GA0009J
- **jurisdiction**: Government of Singapore
- **headquarters**: Singapore
- **chief1 name**: Lee Hsien Loong
- **chief1 position**:
<small>Prime Minister of Singapore, Prime Minister</small>
- **chief2 name**: Heng Swee Keat
- **chief2 position**:
<small>Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore, Deputy Prime Minister
Ministry of Finance (Singapore), Minister for Finance
Coordinating Minister for Economic Policies</small>
Primary School Leaving Examination

The **Primary School Leaving Examination** (**PSLE**) is a national examination in Singapore that is administered by the Ministry of Education and taken by all students near the end of their sixth year in primary school before they move on to secondary school.
Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level

The **Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (O-level)** examination is a national examination held annually in Singapore. The examinations are jointly conducted by the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), Singapore's Ministry of Education (MOE) as well as the Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board (SEAB).
Government of Singapore

The **Government of the Republic of Singapore** is stated by the constitution to mean the executive branch of government, which is made up of the President and the Cabinet of Singapore. Although the President acts in their personal discretion in the exercise of certain functions as a check on the Cabinet and Parliament of Singapore, their role is largely ceremonial. It is the Cabinet, which has the Prime Minister and other ministers appointed on their advice by the President, that generally controls the Government. The Cabinet is formed by the political party that gains a simple majority in each general election.

## Other websites

- YouTube profile

## Infobox (executive government)

- **background color**: #24135f
- **government name**: Government of the Republic of Singapore
- **image**: Coat of arms of Singapore.svg
- **image size**: 200px
- **date established**: 1965
- **state**: Singapore
- **address**: 1 Parliament Place, Singapore 178880
- **leader title**: Prime Minister of Singapore
- **appointed**: President of Singapore
- **main organ**: Cabinet of Singapore
- **ministries**: Organisation of the Government of Singapore, 16
- **responsible**: Parliament of Singapore
Constitution of Singapore

The **Constitution of the Republic of Singapore** is the supreme law of Singapore. It is the only constitution Singapore has had as a sovereign country, and came into effect in 1965. It is largely based on the 1963 Constitution of the _state_ of Singapore, which was when Singapore was part of the country of Malaysia, but also of the constitution of that country.

The constitution sets out the framework for the republic of Singapore, including a President, who is elected every six years, and a Prime Minister. The Prime Minister leads the government and is appointed by the President, but is responsible to the Parliament and must be accepted by it. Singapore's constitution is also based on the Westminster system, which means all ministers must be members of Parliament (MPs). If they, including the Prime Minister, are not elected to Parliament, they cannot remain in their position. The judiciary also has a strong role in the constitution, with judges acting independently of the President, the government and the Parliament. Judges are appointed for a long time, and cannot be removed except for misconduct. The highest court is the Supreme Court of Singapore, which was set up in 1970, five years after the constitution.

Changing the constitution demands a two-thirds majority vote in the Parliament. However, to change the scope and sovereignty of the country, such as becoming a part of Malaysia again, a referendum showing the support of two-thirds of all voters is required. The constitution is changed from time to time, including to create MPs who are not elected in constituencies, i.e. by the voters, but to introduce representation for others who do not get the support of voters. These are called NMPs and NCMPs. In changing the constitution and some other matters, they are not allowed to vote.
Workers' Party of Singapore

The **Workers' Party of Singapore**, officially known as **The Workers' Party** (abbreviation **WP**), is a major centre-left political party in Singapore. The party supports democratic socialism and social democracy. Alongside the governing People's Action Party, it is one of the oldest parties active in the country, having contested every election since 1959. It was founded by Mr David Marshall on 3 November 1957, and was the first party to win the majority of the votes under Mr Marshall before People's Action Party took over on 30 May 1959. Since then, it still is an active party and one of the three main parties in the Singapore Parliament.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: The Workers' Party
- **lang1**: Malay
- **name lang1**: _Parti Pekerja_
- **lang2**: Chinese
- **name lang2**: 工人党
_Gōngrén Dǎng_
- **lang3**: Tamil
- **name lang3**: பாட்டாளிக் கட்சி
_Pāṭṭāḷik Kaṭci_
- **abbreviation**: WP
- **logo**: WP logo variation.svg
- **leader**: Pritam Singh (Singaporean politician), Pritam Singh
- **chairperson**: Sylvia Lim
- **secretary general**: Pritam Singh (Singaporean politician), Pritam Singh
- **leader1 title**: Vice Chairman
- **leader1 name**: Muhamad Faisal bin Abdul Manap
- **founder**: David Saul Marshall
- **predecessor**: Labour Front
- **position**: Centre-left politics, Centre-left
- **headquarters**: 701 Geylang Rd
 #04-02
 Singapore 389687

- **slogan**: "Make Your Vote Count"
- **colours**: Light Blue
 Red
 Yellow
- **youth wing**: Workers' Party Youth Wing
- **seats1 title**: Parliament of Singapore, Parliament
- **country**: Singapore
Dendropsophus dutrai

The **Dendropsophus dutrai** is a frog that lives in Brazil.  Scientists have only seen it in Areia Branca.
Veigy-Foncenex

**Veigy-Foncenex** is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Haute-Savoie department in southeast France.
DanTDM

**Daniel Robert Middleton** (born 8 November 1991), better known online as **DanTDM** (formerly **TheDiamondMinecart**), is an English YouTuber, gamer, actor and author known for his video game commentaries. His online video channels have covered many video games including _Minecraft_, _Roblox_ and _Pokémon_.

## Personal life

In June 2013, when his channel got to 100,000 subscribers, he posted a video showing his face for the first time ever.

Middleton married his girlfriend, Jemma, on 17 March 2013. They have a son, called Asher, who was born on 5 January 2020.They had another son, named Miles, who was born on 22 November 2022. On 6 September 2023, he posted on Twitter and Instagram of the death his dog, Ellie. Later posting a video on YouTube named "goodbye ellie".

## Filmography

|scope="col"|Year|scope="col"|Title|scope="col"|Role|scope="col" class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2018|_Ralph Breaks the Internet_|Eboy|Voice role; UK theatrical version|||||
||_DanTDM Presents The Contest_|Himself|Interactive cinema event|||||
|2021|_Free Guy_|Himself||||||
|scope="col"|Year|scope="col"|Title|scope="col"|Role|scope="col" class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2016|_Skylanders Academy_|Cy|Voice role; recurring|||||
|2017|_DanTDM Creates A Big Scene_|Himself|YouTube Original mini-series; 6 episodes|||||

|scope="col"|Year|scope="col"|Title|scope="col"|Role|scope="col" class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2016|_Minecraft: Story Mode_|Himself|Episode 6: "A Portal to Mystery"|||||

|scope="col"|Year|scope="col"|Title|scope="col"|Role|scope="col" class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2016|_DanTDM and Danni Tabor play Super Mario Maker 2!_|Himself|TV commercial for _Super Mario Maker 2_|||||

## Awards and nominations

- Guinness World Record for "Most goals scored in a game of _Rocket League_ for a team of 2" (shared with Tom Cassell aka "TheSyndicateProject"). and "Most goals scored in a game of Rocket League (team of three)."
- Guinness World Record for "Most views for a dedicated Minecraft video channel".
- Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards in the category UK Favourite Tipster: 2015. and 2016.
- Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards in the category UK Favourite Gamer 2020.

## Other websites

- Official Twitter account

## Infobox (youtube personality)

- **name**: DanTDM
- **image**: TDM On Tour (cropped and rotated).jpg
- **caption**: Middleton in 2016
- **birth name**: Daniel Robert Middleton
- **birth place**: Aldershot, Hampshire, England
- **pseudonym**: TheDiamondMinecart
- **channel website**: [https://dantdmshop.com/ dantdmshop.com]
- **years active**: 2012–present
- **genre**: Video game culture, Gaming
- **subscribers**: 26.2 million (main channel)
 million (combined)
- **views**: 18.8 billion (main channel)
 billion (combined)
- **stats update**: 5 August 2022
- **silver button**: yes
- **silver year**: 2013
- **gold button**: yes
- **gold year**: 2013
- **diamond button**: yes
- **diamond year**: 2016
A627(M) motorway

The **A627(M)** is a motorway that runs between Chadderton and Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England. It is  long and connects these two towns to the M62. It opened in 1972.

## Junctions

|colspan="3"|**A627(M) motorway**||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Northbound exits|Junction|Southbound exits|||
|Lower Place, Milnrow A664 Rochdale, Sudden (A58)|_Terminus_|_Start of motorway_|||
|Bolton, Manchester M62 Leeds, Hull M62|M62 J20|Leeds, Hull M62 Bolton, Manchester M62|||
|Castleton, Middleton (A664)||Castleton, Middleton (A664)|||
|rowspan="2"|_Start of motorway_|rowspan="2"||Oldham A627 Royton, Shaw A663|
|_Road continues as A663 towards Manchester & Failsworth_|||||

## Infobox (road)

- **country**: GBR
- **type**: AM
- **route**: 627
- **maint**: Highways England
- **length mi**: 3.5
- **direction a**: North
- **terminus a**: Rochdale
- **terminus b**: Chadderton
- **direction b**: South
- **established**: 1972
- **junction**:
M62 motorway
- **map**: A627(M) motorway in North West England map.svg
- **photo**: A627M motorway, Rochdale - geograph.org.uk - 83809.jpg
- **photo notes**: Looking towards the M62 junction
Coleman, Alberta

**Coleman** is a community in the Rocky Mountains within the Municipality of Crowsnest Pass in southwest Alberta, Canada.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Coleman
- **settlement type**: Unincorporated community
- **image skyline**: Coleman, Alberta.jpg
- **pushpin map**: CAN AB Crowsnest Pass#Canada Alberta
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Canada
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces and territories of Canada, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Alberta
- **subdivision type2**: Specialized municipalities of Alberta, Specialized municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Crowsnest Pass, Alberta, Municipality of Crowsnest Pass
- **government type**: Municipal incorporation, Unincorporated
- **leader title**: Governing body
- **leader name**: Crowsnest Pass, Alberta, Municipality of Crowsnest Pass Council
- **established title2**: List of villages in Alberta, Village
- **established date2**: 11 January 1904
- **established title3**: List of towns in Alberta, Town
- **established date3**: 10 September 1910
- **established title4**: Amalgamated
- **established date4**: 1 January 1979
- **area land km2**: 1.99
- **population as of**: 2021
- **population total**: 1441
- **population density km2**: 724.1
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, MST
- **utc offset**: −7
- **timezone dst**: Mountain Time Zone, MDT
- **utc offset dst**: −6
- **elevation m**: 1320
Monroe Hayward

**Monroe Leland Hayward** (December 22, 1840 – December 5, 1899) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Republican. He was elected to become a U.S. Senator from Nebraska in March 1899. However, he died in late 1899, before taking the oath of office.

Hayward was born in Willsboro, New York. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He studied law in Whitewater, Wisconsin. His son, William Hayward, was a lawyer and commander of the Harlem Hellfighters during World War I. His grandson was Broadway producer Leland Hayward. The actress and writer Brooke Hayward is his great-granddaughter.

Hayward died in Nebraska City on December 5, 1899, while comatose. He was 58.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Monroe Hayward
- **image**: HAYWARD, Monroe Leland,.jpg
- **office**: United States Senator-elect
from Nebraska
- **term**: ***Died before taking office***
- **predecessor**: William V. Allen
- **successor**: William V. Allen
- **birth name**: Monroe Leland Hayward
- **birth place**: Willsboro, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Nebraska City, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: William Hayward (American attorney), William Hayward
- **relatives**: Leland Hayward (grandson)
Brooke Hayward (great-granddaughter)
- **occupation**: Lawyer
Willsboro, New York

**Willsboro** is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 1,905.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Willsboro, New York
- **settlement type**: Administrative divisions of New York#Town, Town
- **image skyline**: WillsboroNY PaineMemorialLibrary.jpg
- **image caption**: Paine Memorial Library, built in 1930
- **image map**: Essex County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Willsboro highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Essex County, New York, Essex County and the state of New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New York, County
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision name2**: Essex County, New York, Essex
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 190.06
- **area total sq mi**: 73.38
- **area land km2**: 110.62
- **area land sq mi**: 42.71
- **area water km2**: 79.44
- **area water sq mi**: 30.67
- **elevation m**: 39
- **elevation ft**: 128
- **population total**: 1905
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 17.22
- **population density sq mi**: 44.60
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 12996
- **area code**: Area code 518, 518
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-031-82271
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0979643
Whitewater, Wisconsin

**Whitewater** is a city in Walworth and Jefferson counties, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 14,889.
Hum Tum

***Hum Tum*** () is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy movie. It was directed by Kunal Kohli. It was produced by Aditya Chopra under Yash Raj Films. The movie stars Saif Ali Khan and Rani Mukherjee. The special effects were done by Tata Elxsi. The movie was released on May 28, 2004. It received positive reviews and was a box office success.

## Awards

_Hum Tum_ received 7 nominations at the 50th Filmfare Awards. It won 5 awards, including Best Director (Kohli), Best Actress (Mukherjee), Best Comedian (Khan), Best Female Playback Singer (Alka Yagnik), and Best Scene of the Year. At the 52nd National Film Awards in 2005, Khan was awarded the National Film Award for Best Actor.

## Cast

- Saif Ali Khan as Karan Kapoor
- Rani Mukherji as Rhea Prakash
- Rishi Kapoor as Arjun Kapoor, Karan's father
- Kirron Kher as Parminder "Bobby" Prakash, Rhea's mother
- Rati Agnihotri as Anjali "Anju" Kapoor, Karan's mother
- Jimmy Sheirgill as Mihir Vora, Karan's friend
- Isha Koppikar in a friendly appearance as Diana Fernandez, Mihir's love interest
- Abhishek Bachchan in a special appearance as Sameer
- Shenaz Treasurywala as Shalini
- Parinita Seth as Pooja
- Parzaan Dastur as the voice of Hum
- Gayatri S. Iyer as the voice of Tum
- Yash Chopra as old man playing the piano in the song "Hum Tum"

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Hum Tum
- **director**: Kunal Kohli
- **producer**: Aditya Chopra
- **writer**: Kunal Kohli
- **screenplay**: Siddharth Anand, Siddharth Raj Anand
Kunal Kohli
- **starring**: Saif Ali Khan
Rani Mukerji, Rani Mukherjee
- **music**: **Songs :**
Jatin-Lalit
**Background Score:**
Salim-Sulaiman
- **cinematography**: Sunil Patel
- **distributor**: Yash Raj Films
- **runtime**: 143 minutes
- **country**: India
- **language**: Hindi
- **budget**: 7.2 crore
- **gross**: 42.6 crore
Fanaa (2006 movie)

***Fanaa*** () is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language romantic thriller film, directed by Kunal Kohli and produced by Aditya Chopra under Yash Raj Films. The film stars Aamir Khan and Kajol, with Rishi Kapoor, Kirron Kher, Tabu and Sharat Saxena in supporting roles.

_Fanaa_ was released on 26 May 2006. Fanaa received positive reviews from critics and became a commercial success. _Fanaa_ was one of the most expensive Bollywood films during its time of release.

## Cast

- Aamir Khan as Rehan Khan Qadri Sr
- Kajol Devgan as Zooni Qadri (nee. Ali Beg)
- Rishi Kapoor as Zulfikar Ali Beg, Zooni's father
- Kirron Kher as Nafisa Ali Beg, Zooni's mother
- Tabu as Malini Tyagi (Anti Terrorist Special Force)
- Sharat Saxena as Susheel Rawat (Anti Terrorist Special Force)
- Lilette Dubey as Helen
- Shruti Seth as Fatimah 'Fatty'
- Sanaya Irani as Mehbooba 'Bobo'
- Gautami Kapoor as Rubina 'Ruby'
- Ali Haji as Rehan Qadri Jr, Rehan & Zooni's son
- Ahmed Khan as Nana Jaan (Rehan's Grandfather)
- Satish Shah as Colonel Maan Singh
- Puneet Vasishtha as Captain Ijaz Khan
- Jaspal Bhatti as Jolly Singh
- Vrajesh Hirjee as Balwant (Tourist Guide)
- Suresh Menon as Venkateshwar Atti Cooper Rao
- Shishir Sharma as Defence Minister
- Salim Shah as Defence Secretary
- Deepak Saraf as Chief Minister
- Shiney Ahuja as Major Suraj Ahuja (Special Appearance)
- Lara Dutta as Zeenat (Special Appearance)

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Fanaa
- **director**: Kunal Kohli
- **producer**: Aditya Chopra
- **writer**: **Story and Screenplay:**
Shibani Bathija
**Dialogues:**
Kunal Kohli
- **starring**: Aamir Khan
Kajol
Rishi Kapoor
Kirron Kher
Tabu (actress), Tabu
Sharat Saxena
- **music**: **Songs:**
Jatin-Lalit
**Score:**
Salim-Sulaiman
- **cinematography**: Ravi K. Chandran
- **editing**: Ritesh Soni
- **studio**: Yash Raj Films
- **distributor**: Yash Raj Films
- **runtime**: 169 minutes
- **country**: India
- **language**: Hindi
- **budget**: 22 crore
- **gross**: 105 crore
San Casciano in Val di Pesa

**San Casciano in Val di Pesa** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.

## Twin towns

San Casciano in Val di Pesa is twinned with:
- Al Mahbes, Western Sahara
- Morgan Hill, California, United States
- Nieuwerkerken, Belgium
- Rosh Pinna, Israel

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: San Casciano in Val di Pesa
- **official name**: Comune di San Casciano in Val di Pesa
- **image skyline**: Torre dell'orologio di San Casciano.jpg
- **region**: Tuscany
- **metropolitan city**: Metropolitan City of Florence, Florence (FI)
- **frazioni**: Bargino, Calcinaia, Campoli, Cerbaia, Chiesanuova, Cigliano, Faltignano, Mercatale, Montefiridolfi, La Romola, San Pancrazio, Spedaletto, Sant'Andrea in Percussina
- **mayor**: Roberto Ciappi
- **area total km2**: 107.83
- **population total**: 16802
- **population as of**: 2007
- **population demonym**: Sancascianesi
- **elevation m**: 310
- **saint**: Cassian of Imola, Saint Cassian of Imola
- **day**: August 13
- **postal code**: 50026
- **area code**: 055
Morgan Hill, California

**Morgan Hill** is a city in Santa Clara County, California.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Morgan Hill, California
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities in California, City
- **image skyline**: USA-Morgan Hill-El Toro Hill-1.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: El Toro Mountain
- **image flag**: Flag of Morgan Hill, California.svg
- **flag size**: 200px
- **image map**: Santa_Clara_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Morgan_Hill_Highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location in Santa Clara County, California, Santa Clara County and the state of California
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name1**: California
- **subdivision name2**: Santa Clara County, California, Santa Clara
- **named for**: Diana and Hiram Morgan Hill
- **established title**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date**: November 10, 1906
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 33.51
- **area total sq mi**: 12.94
- **area land km2**: 33.51
- **area land sq mi**: 12.94
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **elevation m**: 107
- **elevation ft**: 350
- **population total**: 44686
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population density km2**: auto
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 95037-95038
- **area codes**: Area codes 408 and 669, 408/669
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: Pacific Daylight Time, PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
San Godenzo

**San Godenzo** is a _comune_ in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Estrées-lès-Crécy

**Estrées-lès-Crécy** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Estrées-lès-Crécy
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Estrées 2.JPG
- **arrondissement**: Abbeville
- **canton**: Rue
- **insee**: 80290
- **postal code**: 80150
- **mayor**: Isabelle Alexandre
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Ponthieu-Marquenterre
- **elevation m**: 75
- **elevation min m**: 33
- **elevation max m**: 84
- **area km2**: 11.19
Estrées

**Estrée** or **Estrées** is the name of several communes in France:
- Estrées, Aisne, in the Aisne department
- Estrées, Nord, in the Nord department
- Estrées-Deniécourt, in the Somme department
- Estrées-la-Campagne, in the Calvados department
- Estrées-lès-Crécy, in the Somme department
- Estrées-Mons, in the Somme department
- Estrées-Saint-Denis, in the Oise department
- Estrées-sur-Noye, in the Somme department
- Notre-Dame-d'Estrées, in the Calvados department
- Estrée, in the Pas-de-Calais department
- Estrée-Blanche, in the Pas-de-Calais department
- Estrée-Cauchy, in the Pas-de-Calais department
- Estrée-Wamin, in the Pas-de-Calais department
- Mesnil-sur-l'Estrée, in the Eure department
Estrées-Mons

**Estrées-Mons** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Estrées-Mons
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Estrées-Mons aérodrome de Péronne 1.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Péronne
- **canton**: Péronne
- **insee**: 80557
- **postal code**: 80200
- **mayor**: Christian Picard
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Haute Somme
- **elevation m**: 85
- **elevation min m**: 56
- **elevation max m**: 102
- **area km2**: 15.3
Estrées, Nord

**Estrées** is a commune. It is in the Nord department in northern France.
Estrées-sur-Noye

**Estrées-sur-Noye** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Estrées-sur-Noye
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Estrées-sur-Noye église 2.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Amiens
- **canton**: Ailly-sur-Noye
- **insee**: 80291
- **postal code**: 80250
- **mayor**: Alex Forestier
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Amiens Métropole
- **elevation m**: 112
- **elevation min m**: 79
- **elevation max m**: 126
- **area km2**: 5.96
Abscon

**Abscon** is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 4,376 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Étalon, Somme

**Étalon** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Étalon
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Etalon (Somme) France, mairie.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Montdidier
- **canton**: Roye
- **insee**: 80292
- **postal code**: 80190
- **mayor**: Francis Housse
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Roye
- **elevation min m**: 62
- **elevation max m**: 89
- **area km2**: 4.56
Ételfay

**Ételfay** is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Ételfay
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Etelfay (Somme) France (2).JPG
- **arrondissement**: Montdidier
- **canton**: Roye
- **insee**: 80293
- **postal code**: 80500
- **mayor**: Marie-Line Bailleul
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Roye
- **elevation m**: 105
- **elevation min m**: 88
- **elevation max m**: 110
- **area km2**: 8.12
Josh Duggar

**Joshua James Duggar** (born March 3, 1988) is an American former reality television personality and a political activist. He is the oldest of the Duggar family; his parents are Michelle and Jim Bob Duggar.

Josh Duggar was the executive director for the FRC Action, a political action committee (PAC), sponsored by the Family Research Council from June 2013 to May 2015.

Duggar was in the television series _19 Kids and Counting_.

Duggar was born in Tontitown, Arkansas.

On April 29, 2021, Duggar was arrested by U.S. Marshals on child pornography charges. He was found guilty of the charges on December 9, 2021.
Stammham, Altötting

**Stammham** is the smallest municipality in Altötting, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **name**: Stammham
- **verwaltungsgemeinschaft**: Marktl
- **image photo**: Pfarrkirche Stammham.JPG
- **image caption**: Church of Saint Lawrence
- **image plan**: Stammham in AÖ.svg
- **state**: Bavaria
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **district**: Altötting
- **image coa**: DEU Stammham am Inn COA.svg
- **area**: 5.67
- **elevation**: 369
- **postal code**: 84533
- **area code**: 08678
- **licence**: AÖ
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 71 130
- **mayor**: Franz Lehner
- **party**: CSU
Teising

**Teising** is a municipality in Altötting, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Teising COA.svg
- **postal code**: 84576
- **mayor**: Johann Hiebl
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 71 131
- **licence**: AÖ
- **area code**: 08633
- **area**: 5.38
- **image photo**: Kirche Teising-2.JPG
- **elevation**: 405
- **district**: Altötting
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Teising in AÖ.svg
- **image caption**: Church of Saint John the Baptist
- **bürgermeistertitel**: 1. Bürgermeister
Tüßling

**Tüßling** is a town in Altötting, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Tüßling COA.svg
- **postal code**: 84577
- **mayor**: Stephanie Gräfin Bruges von Pfuel
- **divisions**: 33 Gemeindeteile
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 71 133
- **licence**: AÖ
- **area code**: 08633
- **area**: 19.57
- **image photo**: Tüßling, Rathaus, 3.jpeg
- **elevation**: 407
- **district**: Altötting
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Tüßling in AÖ.svg
- **image caption**: Town hall
- **party**: Christian Social Union in Bavaria, CSU
Tyrlaching

**Tyrlaching** is a municipality in Altötting, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: Wappen Tyrlaching.svg
- **area**: 20.54
- **mayor**: Andreas Zepper
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 71 134
- **licence**: AÖ
- **area code**: 08623
- **postal code**: 84558
- **elevation**: 520
- **verwaltungsgemeinschaft**: Kirchweidach
- **district**: Altötting
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Tyrlaching in AÖ.svg
- **image caption**: General view of the municipality
- **image photo**: Tyrlaching04.jpg
- **website**: http://tyrlaching.de/
Winhöring

**Winhöring** (Bavarian: _Winaring_) is a municipality in Altötting, a district _(Landkreis)_ in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Winhöring COA.svg
- **area**: 24.58
- **mayor**: Karl Brandmüller
- **website**: [https://www.winhoering.de/ www.winhoering.de]
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 71 137
- **licence**: AÖ
- **area code**: 08671
- **postal code**: 84543
- **elevation**: 374
- **image photo**: Pfarrkirche Winhöring.JPG
- **district**: Altötting
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Winhöring in AÖ.svg
- **image caption**: Church of Saints Peter and Paul
- **party**: CSU
Geretsried

**Geretsried** (Bavarian: _Geretsriad_) is a town in Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Other websites

- Geretsried website

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Town
- **population**: 23337
- **mayor**: Michael Müller
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 73 126
- **licence**: TÖL
- **area code**: 08171
- **postal code**: 82538
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **area**: 24.65
- **image flag**: Flagge Geretsried.svg
- **image coa**: DEU Geretsried COA.svg
- **elevation**: 605
- **district**: Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Geretsried in TÖL.svg
- **image caption**: Town hall
- **image skyline**: Geretsried, stadhuis foto1 2012-08-17 10.45.jpg
- **party**: CSU
Bad Heilbrunn

**Bad Heilbrunn** is a municipality in Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, a district (_Landkreis_) in Upper Bavaria.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Bad Heilbrunn COA.svg
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **mayor**: Thomas Gründl
- **divisions**: 34 Ortsteile
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 1 73 111
- **licence**: TÖL
- **area code**: 08046
- **postal code**: 83670
- **population**: 3715
- **image photo**: Bad Heilbrunn Kirche.jpg
- **area**: 40.32
- **elevation**: 682
- **district**: Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Bad Heilbrunn in TÖL.svg
- **image caption**: Parish Church of Saint Kilian
- **party**: Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern, CSU
Barnier

**Barnier** is a surname, and may refer to:

- Michel Barnier (born 1951), conservative French politician
- Romain Barnier (born 1976), French freestyle swimmer

Barnier is also a given name in Holland, though a rare one.
Red cabbage

The **red cabbage** is a type of cabbage. Its leaves are dark red/purple. However, the plant changes its color according to the pH of the soil. In acidic soils, the leaves grow more reddish. In neutral soils they will grow more purple. In alkaline soils, the will grow greenish-yellow. It can be found in Europe, the Americas, China and Africa.

## Infobox (cultivar)

- **name**: Red cabbage
- **image**: Brassica oleracea var capitata Rubyball.jpg
- **image caption**: Red cabbage plant
- **species**: _Brassica oleracea_
- **group**: Cabbage, Capitata Group
Benediktbeuern

**Benediktbeuern** (Bavarian: _Benediktbeiern_) is a municipality in Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, a district _(Landkreis)_ in Upper Bavaria.

## Other websites

- www.benediktbeuern.de Village Website
- www.kloster-benediktbeuern.de Monastery Website

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Municipality
- **area**: 37.86
- **mayor**: Anton Ortlieb
- **website**: [http://www.benediktbeuern.de/ benediktbeuern.de]
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09173113
- **licence**: TÖL
- **area code**: 08857
- **postal code**: 83671
- **stand**: 2007-01-31
- **population**: 3620
- **elevation**: 640
- **image photo**: Kloster Benediktbeuern-1.jpg
- **verwaltungsgemeinschaft**: Benediktbeuern
- **district**: Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen
- **region**: Upper Bavaria
- **state**: Bavaria
- **image plan**: Benediktbeuern in TÖL.svg
- **image coa**: DEU Benediktbeuern COA.svg
- **image caption**: Benediktbeuern Abbey
Plague of Cyprian

The **Plague of Cyprian** is an epidemic that occurred in the Roman Empire between 249 and 270 AD. It is part of the crisis of the 3rd century.

The plague caused food shortages and manpower shortages in the Roman army. This severely weakened the empire in the third century. Its modern name  commemorates the early Christian writer St. Cyprien, the bishop of Carthage. He saw and described the plague. The cause of the plague is not known, but may include viruses such as smallpox, pandemic influenza and Ebola haemorrhagic fever.

The death toll of the plague is unknown. About 5,000 people died from the plague every day in Rome.
Happy Land fire

The **Happy Land fire** was an act of mass murder and arson. It took place in the unlicensed Happy Land social club in West Farms, The Bronx, New York City, United States on March 25, 1990.

The fire was the deadliest in the United States since a fire at the Dupont Plaza Hotel in 1986. It was the deadliest New York fire since the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911.

Almost 16 months earlier, in November 1988, Happy Land had been ordered to close due to building code violations.

The building housing Happy Land was torn down within 24 hours of the fire. A Cuban, Julio González (1954-2016), was convicted of 87 counts of arson and 87 counts of murder. He was sentenced to 25 years to life.
Savoy cabbage

**Savoy cabbage** is a variety of the species _Brassica oleracea_. Savoy cabbage is a vegetable that grows in winter. In the 18th century, it was brought into Germany as "Savoyer Kohl". It's name is gotten from the Savoy Region in France. It has crinkled, emerald green leaves. The leaves are crunchy and tender. Known cultivars include 'Savoy King' (in the US), 'Tundra' (green with a firm, round heart) and 'Winter King' (with dark crumpled leaves).

## Infobox (cultivar)

- **image**: Savoy Cabbage.jpg
- **image caption**: Savoy cabbage
- **species**: _Brassica oleracea_ var. _sabauda_ L.
- **group**: _Brassica oleracea_ Savoy Cabbage Group
- **subdivision**: *'Tundra'
*'Winter King'
*'Savoy King'
Gai lan

**Chinese broccoli** (***Brassica oleracea*** **var.** ***alboglabra***) is a leaf vegetable. It has thick, flat, glossy blue-green leaves. It also has thick stems, and florets similar to broccoli. It is also called **Chinese kale**, **Gai lan**, **kai-lan**, or **jie lan**. It is a variety of _Brassica oleracea_. It's cultivar group is _alboglabra_.

## Infobox (cultivar)

- **name**: Gai lan
- **image**: Gai lan.jpg
- **image caption**: Gai lan
- **species**: Brassica oleracea
- **group**: **Alboglabra Group**
- **origin**: unknown
Shadow of Destiny

***Shadow of Destiny*** also known in Japan and Europe as  is an Mystery adventure game developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo and published by Konami. Originally released on PlayStation 2 console, then later in 2002 port for Xbox (it has been release only in Europe), Microsoft Windows, and finally also available for PlayStation Portable in Japan (2009) and North America (2010).

## Other websites

- Ofiicial website
- Official website

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Shadow of Destiny
- **developer**: Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo
Runecraft (company), Runecraft (PC version)
- **publisher**: Konami
- **producer**: Junko Kawano
- **artist**: Minako Asano
Junko Kawano
Yohei Kiyohara
Kazuhide Nakawa
- **writer**: Junko Kawano
- **composer**: Norikazu Miura
Hana Hashikawa
Sayaka Yamaoka
- **platforms**: PlayStation 2, Xbox (console), Xbox, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation Portable
- **released**: **PlayStation 2***'Xbox***'Windows****PSP**
- **genre**: Adventure game, Adventure
- **modes**: Single-player
Ico

is an action-adventure video game for PlayStation 2 console system. Developed by Team Ico and Japan Studio, published by Sony Computer Entertainment. Ico's music had a small amount of audio and sound effects.

## Other websites

- Official website  (North America)

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Ico
- **image**: Ico-logo.jpg
- **developer**: Japan Studio
Team Ico
- **publisher**: Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment
- **director**: Fumito Ueda
- **platform**: PlayStation 2
- **genre**: Action-adventure game, Action-adventure
- **modes**: Single-player
Tracery

**Tracery** is a device used in architecture by which windows (or screens, panels, and vaults) are divided into different parts by stone bars. It most commonly refers to the stoneworks that support the glass in a window. Tracery can also be found on the inside and outside of buildings.
Action Henk

***Action Henk*** is an racing video game released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and Xbox 360. Published by Curve Digital.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Action Henk
- **developer**: RageSquid
- **publisher**: Curve Digital
- **platform**: macOS, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Xbox 360
- **release**: May 11, 2014
- **genre**: Action game, racing video game
- **modes**: Multiplayer video game, Multiplayer, Single-player video game, single-player
Murder of Ennis Cosby

**Ennis William Cosby** (April 15, 1969 - January 16, 1997) was the only son of American actor and comedian Bill Cosby. He was murdered in Los Angeles, California near Interstate 405. Eighteen-year-old Mikhail Markhasev shot Cosby in the head after trying to rob him.

The death of Cosby caused major media coverage, public outrage and support for the Cosby family.

In 1998, Markhasev was tried and found guilty of attempted robbery and first-degree murder. He was sentenced to life in prison.
Date rape drug

A **date rape drug** is a drug that is used to make a person unable to consent to sex. This makes that person likely to be a victim of rape or sexual assault.

Date rape drugs include GHB, Rohypnol, alcohol and MDMA. Another is methaqualone, also known as Quaalude.
Men who have sex with men

**Men who have sex with men** (MSM) are males that perform sexual acts on other males. They may be homosexual, heterosexual or bisexual.

The term _MSM_ was created during the early 1990s. _MSM_ is used in the medical literature and social research to describe such males as a group for research studies.

Men having sex with other men have an increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially if they don't use a condom. The diseases include HIV, AIDS and herpes. In the United States, males who have sex with other males in and after 1977 have an HIV rate almost 60 times higher than the general population. Even with a condom, anal sex is risky.