juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
2019 Madeira bus crash

On 17 April 2019, at about 18:00, a tour bus crashed in Caniço, in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal. The bus was carrying 56 people, mostly tourists from Germany. 29 people were killed in the crash. Another 27 more were injured, including the Portuguese driver and guide.

Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa gave his support to German Chancellor Angela Merkel. The President of Portugal, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, made plans to visit the site of the crash. German foreign minister Heiko Maas went to Madeira on 18 April to help victims.
Patrick Sercu

**Patrick Sercu** (27 June 1944 – 19 April 2019) was a Belgian cyclist. He was active on the road and track between 1961 and 1983. On track, he won the gold medal in the 1 km time trial at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He won three world titles in the sprint, in 1963, 1967 and 1969. On the road, he earned the green jersey at the 1974 Tour de France. He holds the record for the number of six-day track race wins. He won 88 events out of 223 starts between 1961 and 1983. He also won six stages at the Tour de France and eleven stages at the Giro d'Italia.

Sercu was born in Roeselare, West Flanders. He died on 19 April 2019, at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Patrick Sercu  at Sports-Reference.com
- Patrick Sercu at ProCyclingStats.com
Pieter Verhoeff

**Pieter Verhoeff** (4 February 1938 – 17 April 2019) was a Dutch movie director. He is known for directing the movies _The Mark of the Beast_ (1980), _The Dream_ (1985), _Count Your Blessings_ (1987), _The Sunday Child_ (1992), _The Longest Journey_ (1997), _Mates_ (1999), _The Moving True Story of a Woman Ahead of Her Time_ (2001) and _The Letter for the King_ (2008). He also helped direct the Japanese miniseries _Tokyo Trial_ (2016). He was born in Lemmer, Friesland.

Verhoeff died in Amsterdam on 17 April 2019, at the age of 81.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Pieter Verhoeff
- **image**: Regisseur Pieter Verhoeff 1987.jpg
- **caption**: Verhoeff in 1987
- **birth date**: 4 February 1938
Tommie Smith

**Tommie C. Smith** (born June 6, 1944) is an American former track and field athlete. He won the gold medal in the 200 meter sprint at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. As well as winning the gold medal, he was known for performing a famous Black Power salute with fellow American John Carlos on the medal podium. Smith did this as a protest against racism towards African-Americans. Smith and Carlos were also supported by Australian silver medalist Peter Norman.

Smith was born in Clarksville, Texas. His autobiography, _Silent Gesture_, was published in 2007.

## Other websites

- Tommie Smith  at Sports-Reference.com
John Carlos

**John Wesley Carlos** (born June 5, 1945) is an American former track and field athlete. He won the bronze medal in the 200 meter sprint at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. As well as winning the bronze medal, he was known for performing a famous Black Power salute with fellow American Tommie Smith on the medal podium. Carlos did this as a protest against racism towards African-Americans. Carlos and Smith were also supported by Australian silver medalist Peter Norman.

Carlos was born in Harlem, New York City. His memoir, _The John Carlos Story: The Sports Moment That Changed the World_, was published in 2011.

## Other websites

- John Carlos  at Sports-Reference.com
Peter Norman

**Peter George Norman** (15 June 1942 – 3 October 2006) was an Australian track and field athlete. He won the silver medal in the 200 metre sprint at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. Also at the 1968 Olympics, Norman supported African-American sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos in their Black Power salute. He also wore an Olympic Project for Human Rights (OPHR) badge as he stood on the podium with Smith and Carlos. Norman's act has been praised but afterwards his career suffered. He was not chosen for the 1972 Summer Olympics and soon retired. He was coached by Neville Sillitoe. The House of Representatives gave an official apology for this in October 2012.

Norman was born in Coburg, Victoria. He was twice married and had four children. He died of a heart attack on 3 October 2006 in Melbourne. He was 64.

## Other websites

- Peter Norman  at Sports-Reference.com
Sean Dyche

**Sean Mark Dyche** is a football manager and former player who is currently the manager of Premier League club Everton. He was most recognized for his work with Burnley getting them into the Europa League for the first time in over 50 years.
Nikki Sixx

**Nikki Sixx** (Frank Ferrano Jr.), born December 11th, 1958 in San Jose, California. His father (Frank Ferrano), left him and his mother (Deana Richards) when he was the age of two.

## Early life

Sixx moved to his grandparents (Jerome Idaho) early on in his life, before being expelled from his school for selling drugs. Sixx attended seven schools in the span 11 years and his grandparents were fed up with his antics.

Sixx was sent back to live with his mother in Seattle, Washington. Soon enough he attempted to arrest his mother by borrowing a knife from his neighbor, and cutting above his forearm down to the bone. Sixx confessed to the cops that it was him and not Deana. At age 17, Sixx moved to Los Angeles. He changed his name to what he's known as now as _Nikki Sixx_.

## Career

He auditioned for many bands as the bass player, before getting into the band London with Izzy Stradlin. He was only staying for two years before grouping together people to be in his new band, which now to be known as the popular Mötley Crüe. For several years he lived with members of Mötley Crüe (Tommy Lee, Vince Neil) in a small apartment by the Whiskey a Go Go, L.A.

In 1987 after struggling with substance abuse, Sixx was legally dead for two minutes of a heroin overdose, luckily the paramedic was a Mötley Crüe fan, and shot him with adrenaline twice before Sixx woke up, only to shoot up once again a day later. When Sixx woke up with a puddle of blood in his palm, he went to rehab with Mötley Crüe.

Nikki Sixx has had several spouses including Courtney Sixx (2014), Donna D'Errico (1996-2007), and Brandi Brandt (1989-1996). He has four children Storm Brieanne Sixx, Gunner Nicholas Sixx, Decker Nilsson Sixx, Frankie-Jean Sixx. Many people believe Sixx was only in the popular band Mötley Crüe. He was also affiliated with six(x ha g e t it) (Sixx:A.M., London, Brides of Destruction, Sister, and 58).
Bell System

The **Bell System** was a system of companies. The companies were led by the Bell Telephone Company and later by AT&T (the American Telephone and Telegraph Company). The Bell System provided telephone service to most of the United States and Canada. Sometimes, it was a monopoly.

The Bell System companies were founded in 1877. People called the Bell System "Ma Bell".

On December 31, 1983, the system was divided into independent companies, known as Baby Bells and RBOCs (Regional Bell Operating Companies).

The Baby Bells were BellSouth, Southwestern Bell, Bell Atlantic, Southern New England Telephone, NYNEX, Pacific Telesis and Ameritech.

In 1994-95, Southwestern Bell changed its corporate name to SBC Communications. Between 1997 and 1999, SBC bought Pacific Telesis, SNET and Ameritech.

In 1997, Bell Atlantic blended with NYNEX. That was when Bell Atlantic began doing business in New York state and New England.

In 2000, Bell Atlantic bought GTE (General Telephone and Electronics Corporation). The corporate name was changed to Verizon. Also in 2000, Qwest bought US West. The surviving company was Qwest Communications.

In 2005-06, AT&T merged with BellSouth and SBC. AT&T was the company surviving after the merger. The company became AT&T Inc.

In 2010-11, Qwest was bought out by the CenturyLink telephone company. It was then renamed CenturyLink. The company operates in many U.S. states.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Bell System
- **logo**: Bell System hires 1969 logo blue.svg
- **logo caption**: Final logo designed by Saul Bass
- **industry**: Telecommunications
- **fate**: Breakup of the Bell System
- **successors**: Regional Bell Operating Companies
AT&T Corporation
- **founder**: Alexander Graham Bell
- **hq location**: Dallas
- **hq location city**: Texas
- **hq location country**: U.S.
- **parent**: Bell Telephone Company (1877–1885)
AT&T Corporation, AT&T (1885–1982)
Lumen Technologies

**Lumen Technologies, Inc. (formerly CenturyLink)** is an American company from Monroe, Louisiana. It provides internet, cable television and telephone service to many areas of the United States.

The original names for the company were the Oak Ridge Telephone Company, Central Telephone, and Century Telephone.

CenturyLink was established in 1930 in Oak Ridge, Louisiana.

CenturyLink completed a merger with Qwest on Friday, April 1, 2011. CenturyLink was the surviving company.

CenturyLink won two "Best in Class" awards in 2011.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Lumen Technologies, Inc.
- **logo**: Lumen Technologies logo.svg
- **logo size**: 250px
- **image caption**: Lumen's Monroe, Louisiana Technology Center on the HQ campus
- **type**: Public company
- **industry**: Telecommunications
- **hq location**: Monroe, Louisiana, U.S.
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **key people**: Kate Johnson (CEO)
- **services**: Network, Cloud Security, Voice, Managed Services, Big Data as a Services, Multi-Cloud Management, Private Cloud, Public Cloud, SaaS Apps, Cloud Connect, Internet, Phone, TV
- **revenue**: (2022)
- **operating income**: US$95 million (2022)
- **net income**: US$−1.55 billion (2022)
- **assets**: US$45.58 billion (2022)
- **equity**: US$10.44 billion (2022)
- **num employees**: (December 2022)
Fall River Mills, California

**Fall River Mills** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Shasta County, California. At the 2020 census, 616 people lived there. There is a small airport outside the town.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fall River Mills
- **settlement type**: Census-designated place
- **nickname**: Northern California's best kept secret
- **image skyline**: Welcome To.JPG
- **image caption**: Sign welcoming visitors to Fall River Valley
- **image map**: Shasta_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Fall_River_Mills_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in Shasta County, California, Shasta County and the state of California
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name2**: Shasta County, California, Shasta
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1855
- **founder**: William H. Winters
- **unit pref**: US
- **area total sq mi**: 2.75
- **area land sq mi**: 2.65
- **area water sq mi**: 0.10
- **area total km2**: 7.13
- **area land km2**: 6.86
- **area water km2**: 0.27
- **area water percent**: 3.77
- **elevation ft**: 3195
- **elevation m**: 1014
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 616
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific (PST)
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 96028
- **area code**: Area code 530, 530
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 06-23532
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0260035
- **website**: [http://www.fallrivervalleycc.org Town of Fall River Mills Website]
Affordable housing

**Affordable housing** is a term for places to live that the average person can afford to purchase or rent. The cost of housing can refer either to rental housing or to homes which are owned by the occupants.  People with lower income can live there.

Most people work full-time; they have a monthly income. To see if housing is affordable, people look at the amount of money that is spent on housing, in relation to the mothly income. When housing gets more expensive, people have to spend more of their income on it. Assuming that income doesn't increase, housing gets less affordable.  The Housing market sets the price for places to live. In many places, people who do not earn a lot of money, or who are in a difficult situation can ask the government for help.  They can then rent a place, where the state pays part or all of their rent. This is known as social or subsidized housing. Affordable housing can also help communities by keeping workers and families in the same area.

The global financial crisis in 2008 caused huge changes and many problems in the world banking and housing systems. By 2011 home prices in Ireland dropped by about 45%. In the United States, prices fell by 34%, and foreclosures went up.

According to _USA Today_, homes in 2019 in the United States were  least affordable to purchase compared to any other year in the last  ten last years. This is because home prices are increasing much faster than wages. Cities with large universities were a good choice for university students after they graduate. For example, the University of Wisconsin-Madison in Madison, Wisconsin has very affordable housing.

According to Bloomberg News, Berlin has decided to freeze rents in the city because there was not enough affordable housing.

## Related pages

- Housing in Hong Kong
- Housing in Toronto
- Housing in Vancouver
- Right to housing
Fat Joe

**Joseph Antonio Cartagena** (born August 19, 1970), better known as **Fat Joe**, is an American rapper and actor. He started his music career as a member of the hip hop group Diggin' in the Crates Crew. He later began a solo career.

One of Fat Joe's many famous songs includes _What's Luv_ with Ja Rule and Ashanti. He also rapped on the song "All the Way Up" with Remy Ma.

Fat Joe was in the movies _Happy Feet_ (2006), _Scary Movie 3_ and Spike Lee's Netflix series _She's Gotta Have It_.

Fat Joe was born in The Bronx, New York City.

### Studio albums

- _Represent_ (1993)
- _Jealous One's Envy_ (1995)
- _Don Cartagena_ (1998)
- _Jealous Ones Still Envy (J.O.S.E.)_ (2001)
- _Jealous Ones Still Envy 2 (J.O.S.E. 2)_ (2009)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Fat Joe
- **image**: FatJoeApr2011.jpg
- **caption**: Fat Joe in 2012
- **birth name**: Joseph Antonio Cartagena
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **children**: 3
Sunol, California

**Sunol** is a census-designated place in Alameda County, California. At the 2020 census, 922 people lived there. The town is known for the Niles Canyon Railway, a historic railroad.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Sunol, California
- **other name**: Suñol
- **settlement type**: census-designated place
- **elevation ft**: 266
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 922
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific (PST)
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 94586
- **area code**: Area code 925, 925, Area codes 510 and 341, 510, 341
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 06-77042
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature IDs
- **blank1 info**: ,
- **area total sq mi**: 28.59
- **area land sq mi**: 28.26
- **area water sq mi**: 0.334
- **area water percent**: 1.2
- **unit pref**: US
- **image skyline**: Sunol_Depot,_Niles_Cañon_Railway,_Sunol,_CA.jpg
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image caption**: Historic Sunol Train Depot, on  the Niles Canyon Railway
- **image map**: Alameda_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Sunol_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in Alameda County, California, Alameda County and the state of California
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name2**: Alameda County, California, Alameda
Descendants 2

***Descendants 2*** is an American musical fantasy television movie. It premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on July 21, 2017 on Disney Channel. It was simulcast on Disney-owned networks ABC, Disney XD, Freeform, Lifetime and Lifetime Movies. It is the second installment in the _Descendants_ franchise and the sequel to the 2015 movie _Descendants_. The movie stars Dove Cameron, Cameron Boyce, Sofia Carson, Booboo Stewart, Mitchell Hope and China Anne McClain. A third movie, _Descendants 3_, premiered on August 2, 2019.

## Cast

- Dove Cameron as Mal, daughter of Maleficent
- Cameron Boyce as Carlos, son of Cruella De Vil
- Sofia Carson as Evie, daughter of The Evil Queen
- Booboo Stewart as Jay, son of Jafar
- Mitchell Hope as Ben, son of Belle and Beast
- Brenna D'Amico as Jane, daughter of the Fairy Godmother
- Melanie Paxson as the Fairy Godmother, the headmistress of Auradon Prep and Jane's mother
- Bobby Moynihan as the Voice of Dude, Carlos' dog who gains the power of speech.
- Thomas Doherty as Harry Hook, son of Captain Hook
- Dylan Playfair as Gil, son of Gaston
- Dianne Doan as Lonnie, daughter of Fa Mulan and Li Shang
- Jedidiah Goodacre as Chad Charming, son of Cinderella and Prince Charming
- Zachary Gibson as Doug, son of Dopey the Dwarf
- Anna Cathcart as Dizzy Tremaine, daughter of Drizella Tremaine and granddaughter of Lady Tremaine
- Dan Payne as the Beast, Queen Belle's husband and Ben's father
- Keegan Connor Tracy as Belle, Beast's wife and Ben's mother
- China Anne McClain as Uma, daughter of Ursula

## Infobox (television)

- **director**: Kenny Ortega
- **composer**: David Lawrence (composer), David Lawrence
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **producer**: Tracey Jeffrey (line producer)
- **editor**: Don Brochu
- **runtime**: 111 minutes
Neville Sillitoe

**Neville John Sillitoe**  (born 1925) is an Australian athletics coach. He coached the national team at the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane. He also coached Australian athletes at the Commonwealth Games and the Summer Olympics. Athletes he coached include Peter Norman, Gary Holdsworth, Greg Lewis, Denise Boyd, Tamsyn Lewis and many others. He served as head athletics coach at Caulfield Grammar School from 1983 to 2014. In 2018, Sillitoe was awarded an Order of Australia for services to athletics.
David Morrison

**David Lindsay Morrison**  (born 24 May 1956) is a retired Australian senior army officer. He served as the Australian Army's Chief of Army from June 2011 until his retirement in May 2015. He was a lieutenant general. He is also known for his work towards gender equality and diversity. He was named Australian of the Year in 2016.

Morrison was born in Cairns, Queensland. His father was Major General Alan Morrison (1927–2008).

## Other websites

- David Morrison at _Encyclopædia Britannica_
Takashi Hiraoka

is a Japanese politician and journalist. He served as the mayor of Hiroshima from 1991 to 1999. He served as mayor for two terms and was re-elected in 1995. As mayor, he helped his city and South Korea's Daegu becoming sister cities in 1997. He also worked as a journalist in the 1960s. He wrote mostly about Korean victims of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He tried to get the Korean victims medical care from Japanese government.

Hiraoka was born in Osaka. He grew up in both Japan and Korea. He was not in Hiroshima at the time of the atomic bombing in August 1945.
John Kander

**John Harold Kander** (born March 18, 1927) is an American composer. He is best known for his songwriting partnership with Fred Ebb, also known as Kander and Ebb. His most famous musicals are _Cabaret_ and _Chicago_. Kander has won three Tony Awards, two Grammy Awards and two Emmy Awards. He has helped make the music for the movies _Cabaret_, _New York, New York_, _Kramer vs. Kramer_, _Places in the Heart_, _Billy Bathgate_ and _Chicago_.

Kander was born in Kansas City, Missouri. He is from a Jewish family. He is openly gay. In 2010, he married his partner since 1977, Albert Stephenson.
Josine Ianco-Starrels

**Josine Ianco-Starrels** (October 17, 1926 – April 8, 2019) was a Romanian-born American art curator. She worked as a museum director in Los Angeles, California. She was an associate professor of the Art Gallery Division at California State University, Los Angeles from 1969 to 1975. From 1975 to 1987, Ianco-Starrels was Director of the Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery. She was behind many art exhibits across southern California from the 1970s to 2000. She retired in 2000.

Ianco-Starrels was born in Bucharest. Her father was Marcel Janco (1895–1984), an artist, architect and one of the founding members of Dadaism. She died of natural causes on April 8, 2019 in Rogue River, Oregon. She was 92.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Josine Ianco-Starrels
- **caption**: Ianco-Starrels in 2006
- **birth place**: Bucharest, Romania
- **death place**: Rogue River, Oregon, U.S.
- **nationality**: Romanian, American
- **occupation**: Curator
Rogue River, Oregon

**Rogue River** is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 2,407.
Super High Me

***Super High Me*** is a 2007 American documentary movie. It is directed by Michael Blieden. It stars comedian Doug Benson. In the documentary, Benson smokes cannabis for 30 days straight to see the effects. The title of _Super High Me_ and its poster are plays on the documentary _Super Size Me_ (2004) by Morgan Spurlock.

_Super High Me_ had its full release on April 20, 2008 (4/20). The documentary has a 63% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
Rodolfo Severino Jr.

**Rodolfo Certeza Severino Jr.** (27 April 1936 – 19 April 2019) was a Filipino diplomat. He served as the 10th Secretary-General of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) from 1998 to 2002. He also served as the ambassador to Malaysia from 1989 to 1992. He was a professor at many universities in Singapore. He was born in Manila.

Severino died of problems caused by Parkinson's disease on 19 April 2019. He was 82.
Okiharu Yasuoka

was a Japanese politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). He served as a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) from 1972 to 2017. He also served two terms as the Minister of Justice in 2000 and 2008. He was born in Chiyoda, Tokyo and grew up in Kagoshima Prefecture.

Yasuoka died of pancreatic cancer on 19 April 2019 at a hospital in Tokyo. He was 79.
Massimo Marino (TV presenter)

**Massimo Marino** (8 February 1960 – 19 April 2019) was an Italian television presenter and actor. He started his presenting career as the host of _ViviRoma_ in 1995. He also acted in the movies _Grande, grosso e... Verdone_ (2008), _Una estate al mare_ (2008), _A Natale mi sposo_ (2010) and _Una cella in due e Matrimonio a Parigi_ (2011). He was the publisher of the magazine _ViviRoma_ from 1989. He was born in Rome.

Marino died in Rome on 19 April 2019, at the age of 59.
Burns, Oregon

**Burns** is a city and the county seat of Harney County, Oregon. At the 2020 census, 2,730 people lived there. The town lies 1,264 meters above sea-level.
Le Glèbe

**Le Glèbe** was a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2003 when the municipalities of Estavayer-le-Gibloux, Rueyres-Saint-Laurent, Villarlod, and Villarsel-le-Gibloux. joined together to become Le Glèbe. On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Corpataux-Magnedens, Farvagny, Le Glèbe, Rossens and Vuisternens-en-Ogoz merged to form the new municipality of Gibloux.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Le Glèbe
- **image photo**: 2013-05-07 Friburgo (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 169.JPG
- **image caption**: The chapel of Rueyres-Saint-Laurent
- **municipality name**: Le Glèbe
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: GW-FR-Le-Glèbe.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Le Glèbe.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1695
- **municipality code**: 2223
- **area**: 10.31
- **population**: 1246
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: commune-gibloux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **places**: Estavayer-le-Gibloux, Rueyres-Saint-Laurent, Villarlod, Villarsel-le-Gibloux
- **neighboring municipalities**: Autigny, Switzerland, Autigny, Farvagny, Pont-en-Ogoz, Sorens, Villorsonnens, Vuisternens-en-Ogoz
Fish sauce

**Fish sauce** is an Asian cooking ingredient. It is made from fish or krill which has been coated in salt and then fermented for up to two years. It is used as a seasoning in quite a lot of Asian dishes, particularly those from Burma, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Fish sauce is used by chefs to add the umami flavor to dishes. Soy sauce is sometimes considered a vegetarian alternative to fish sauce.

In French and international cuisine the corresponding term is fish stock. That is made differently and tastes different.

## References

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</div>
Le Mouret

**Le Mouret** is a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## History

Le Mouret was created on January 1, 2003 from the merger of Bonnefontaine, Essert, Montévraz, Oberried, Praroman, and Zénauva.

## Villages

Le Mouret has villages of Praroman, Moulin à Bentz, Le Mouret, Le Pafuet, Essert, Montévraz-Dessous, Montévraz-Dessus, Montembloud, Zénauva, Oberried, Montécu and Bonnefontaine.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Le Mouret
- **image photo**: Rectory Praroman Oct 2010.jpg
- **image caption**: The Former Mineral Baths in Praroman
- **municipality name**: Le Mouret
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: GW-FR-Le-Mouret.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Le Mouret.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1724
- **municipality code**: 2220
- **area**: 18.47
- **elevation**: 754
- **website**: www.le-mouret.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **places**: Praroman, Moulin à Bentz, Le Mouret, Le Pafuet, Essert, Montévraz-Dessous, Montévraz-Dessus, Montembloud, Zénauva, Oberried, Montécu and Bonnefontaine
- **neighboring municipalities**: Ependes, Fribourg, Ependes, Ferpicloz, La Roche, Fribourg, La Roche, Plasselb, St. Silvester, Senèdes, Tentlingen, Treyvaux, Villarsel-sur-Marly
Noréaz

**Noréaz** was amunicipality in Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the municipalities Corserey, Noréaz and Prez-vers-Noréaz joined together to become the new municipality of Prez.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Noréaz
- **image photo**: 2012-10-11 Distrikto Sarino (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 173.JPG
- **municipality name**: Noréaz
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Noréaz-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Noréaz.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1757
- **municipality code**: 2213
- **area**: 6.87
- **elevation**: 638
- **website**: www.noreaz.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Avry, Chésopelloz, Montagny, Fribourg, Montagny, Ponthaux, Prez-vers-Noréaz
Ponthaux

**Ponthaux** is a municipality of the district Saane, in the canton of Fribourg, in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Ponthaux
- **image photo**: 2012-10-11 Distrikto Sarino (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 126.JPG
- **image caption**: The Catholic church of Ponthaux
- **municipality name**: Ponthaux
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Ponthaux COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Ponthaux.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1772
- **municipality code**: 2217
- **area**: 5.96
- **elevation**: 650
- **website**: www.ponthaux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Autafond, Chésopelloz, Grolley, Belmont-Broye, Montagny, Fribourg, Montagny, Noréaz
Prez-vers-Noréaz

**Prez-vers-Noréaz** was a municipality in Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the municipalities Corserey, Noréaz and Prez-vers-Noréaz joined to become the new municipality Prez.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Prez-vers-Noréaz
- **municipality name**: Prez-vers-Noréaz
- **municipality type**: former
- **image photo**: Prez-vers-Noréaz administration communale.jpg
- **image caption**: The municipal administration of Prez-vers-Noréaz
- **imagepath coa**: Prez-vers-Noréaz-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Prez-vers-Noréaz.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1746
- **municipality code**: 2221
- **area**: 5.71
- **elevation**: 646
- **website**: www.prez-vers-noreaz.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Avry, Corserey, La Brillaz, Montagny, Fribourg, Montagny, Noréaz
Rossens, Fribourg

**Rossens** was a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Corpataux-Magnedens, Farvagny, Le Glèbe, Rossens and Vuisternens-en-Ogoz merged to form the new municipality of Gibloux.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rossens
- **municipality name**: Rossens
- **municipality type**: former
- **image photo**: 2013-05-07 Friburgo (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 064.JPG
- **image caption**: The village center of Rossens
- **imagepath coa**: Rossens-FR-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rossens.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1728
- **municipality code**: 2222
- **area**: 5
- **elevation**: 706
- **population**: 1293
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: commune-gibloux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **places**: Illens
- **neighboring municipalities**: Arconciel, Corpataux-Magnedens, Farvagny, Pont-en-Ogoz, Pont-la-Ville, Treyvaux
Vuisternens-en-Ogoz

**Vuisternens-en-Ogoz** was a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Corpataux-Magnedens, Farvagny, Le Glèbe, Rossens and Vuisternens-en-Ogoz merged to form the new municipality of Gibloux.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Vuisternens-en-Ogoz
- **image photo**: 2013-05-07 Friburgo (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 126.JPG
- **municipality name**: Vuisternens-en-Ogoz
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Vuisternens-en-Ogoz-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Vuisternens-en-Ogoz.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1696
- **municipality code**: 2231
- **area**: 6.24
- **elevation**: 800
- **population**: 619
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: commune-gibloux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Farvagny, Le Glèbe, Pont-en-Ogoz
Senèdes

**Senèdes** was a municipality of the district of Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Arconciel, Ependes and Senèdes merged to form the new municipality of Bois-d'Amont.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Senèdes
- **municipality name**: Senèdes
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Senèdes-coat of arms.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1724
- **municipality code**: 2225
- **area**: 0.50
- **elevation**: 748
- **website**: www.communesenedes.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Arconciel, Ependes, Fribourg, Ependes, Ferpicloz, Le Mouret, Treyvaux
Villarsel-sur-Marly

**Villarsel-sur-Marly** is a municipality of the district of Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Villarsel-sur-Marly
- **image photo**: Commandery St Jean Nov 2011.jpg
- **image caption**: The farmhouse of the Commandery of Saint Jean at Villarsel-sur-Marly
- **municipality name**: Villarsel-sur-Marly
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Villarsel-sur-Marly-coat of arms.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1723
- **municipality code**: 2230
- **area**: 1.43
- **elevation**: 736
- **website**: www.villarsel-sur-marly.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Ependes, Fribourg, Ependes, Le Mouret, Marly, Switzerland, Marly, Pierrafortscha, Tentlingen
Treyvaux

**Treyvaux** is a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Treyvaux
- **image photo**: Treyvaux.jpg
- **image caption**: View of center Treyvaux
- **municipality name**: Treyvaux
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Treyvaux-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Treyvaux.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: Saane (district), Saane
- **postal code**: 1733
- **municipality code**: 2226
- **area**: 11.42
- **elevation**: 770
- **website**: www.treyvaux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **places**: Le Plan, Pratzey
- **neighboring municipalities**: Arconciel, La Roche, Fribourg, La Roche, Le Mouret, Pont-la-Ville, Rossens, Fribourg, Rossens, Senèdes
Agriswil

**Agriswil** is a village of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2006, Ried bei Kerzers incorporated the neighboring municipality of Agriswil.
Esmonts

**Esmonts** is a village of the district Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2006, Vuarmarens incorporated the formerly independent municipality of Esmonts and on 1 January 2012, it has been with Vuarmarens merged to form Ursy.
Vuisternens

**Vuisternens** can mean:
- Vuisternens-devant-Romont, canton of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Vuisternens-en-Ogoz, canton of Fribourg, Switzerland
Alfred L. Kroeber

**Alfred Louis Kroeber** (June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was an American cultural anthropologist. He earned his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1901. Franz Boas supervised Kroeber's studies. Kroeber was also the first professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. He was director of the Museum of Anthropology at Berkeley from 1909 through 1947. Kroeber studied an man named Ishi, the last surviving member of the Yahi people. Kroeber was the father of the novelist, poet, and writer of short stories Ursula K. Le Guin.

## Infobox (academic)

- **name**: A. L. Kroeber
- **image**: ishi.jpg
- **caption**: Kroeber with Ishi in 1911
- **birth name**: Alfred Louis Kroeber
- **birth place**: Hoboken, New Jersey, US
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **alma mater**: Columbia University
- **doctoral advisor**: Franz Boas
- **discipline**: Anthropology
- **sub discipline**: Cultural anthropology
- **parents**: Florence Kroeber and Johanna Muller
- **children**: Ted and Clifton Brown Kroeber (adopted), Karl Kroeber, Karl and Ursula K. Le Guin, Ursula Kroeber
- **awards**: Viking Fund Medal (1946)
- **workplaces**: University of California, Berkeley
- **doctoral students**: Cora Du Bois, Margaret Lantis, Katharine Luomala, Laura Maud Thompson, Charles F. Voegelin,
- **influenced**: H. Stuart Hughes
Ishi in Two Worlds

***Ishi in Two Worlds*** is a biography of Ishi, the last known member of the Yahi Native American people. Theodora Kroeber wrote the book. It was published in 1961. It was translated into nine languages.

Ishi had been found alone and starving outside Oroville, California in 1911. The anthropologists Alfred Louis Kroeber and Thomas Waterman took him to the Museum of Anthropology in San Francisco. There, he was studied by the anthropologists, before his death in 1916. Theodora Kroeber married Alfred Kroeber in 1926. Though she had never met Ishi, she decided to write a biography of him.

## Summary

The book has two parts. The first part is called "Ishi the Yahi". It tells about the history and the culture of the Yahi people. The second part is called "Mister Ishi". It tells about his life at the museum.

The first part begins with the history of California before European colonization.  Kroeber writes that though there were few Yahi, they once occupied a large part of the Sacramento Valley. Other, more numerous, Native American peoples probably pushed the Yahi into the mountains. The first part also describes the Yahi language and the landscape where they lived near Mount Lassen.

Several chapters in the first section are about the destruction of the Yahi by white settlers. The second part of the book begins with a history of the museum in San Francisco where Ishi was taken. It also tells how he got the name Ishi. At the museum, Alfred Kroeber and others arranged for weekly public demonstrations. Ishi would usually demonstrate stringing a bow, or making fire with a fire drill. Finally Ishi's friends had to arrange for Ishi to work as a janitor, so the university would pay to support him. In addition to Kroeber, Waterman and Pope, Ishi became friends with other Native American friends of the anthropologists, such as Juan Dolores, a Tohono O'odham Indian. Ishi spent much of his time at the museum making tools and weapons. He also went hunting with his friends. The last chapter of the book tells of Ishi becoming sick with tuberculosis in late 1914, and his death from the disease soon afterwards.
Emory University

**Emory University** is a private university in Atlanta, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The university was started by the Methodist Episcopal Church as **Emory College** in 1836 in Oxford, Georgia. It was named after Methodist bishop John Emory. The college moved to Druid Hills after Asa Griggs Candler, a wealthy businessperson from the slave owning Magruder family, offered it money and land there.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Emory University
- **motto**: _Cor prudentis possidebit scientiam_ <small>(Latin)</small>
- **mottoeng**: The wise heart seeks knowledge
- **established**: 1836
- **type**: Private university, Private
- **affiliation**: United Methodist Church
- **endowment**: $7.31 billion (2018)
- **president**: Gregory Fenves
- **students**: 15,451 (Fall 2018)
- **undergrad**: 8,079 (Fall 2018)
- **postgrad**: 7,372 (Fall 2018)
- **city**: Atlanta
- **state**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **country**: United States
- **campus**: Suburban

- **free label**: Newspaper
- **free**: _The Emory Wheel_
- **athletics**: NCAA Division III – University Athletic Association, UAA
- **nickname**: Eagles
- **colors**: Blue
- **former name**: Emory College (1836-1915)
Berkeley High School (California)

**Berkeley High School** is a public high school in the Berkeley Unified School District. It is the only public high school in the city of Berkeley, California. It is  one long block west of Shattuck Avenue and three short blocks south of University Avenue in downtown Berkeley. The school mascot is the Yellowjacket.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Yellowjacket website

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **embed**: yes
- **added**: January 7, 2008
- **refnum**: 07001350


## Infobox (school)

- **name**: Berkeley High School
- **streetaddress**: 1980 Allston Way
- **city**: Berkeley, California, Berkeley
- **state**: California
- **zipcode**: 94704
- **country**: United States
- **schooltype**: Public school (government funded), Public
- **established**: 1880
- **district**: Berkeley Unified School District
- **principal**: Erin Schweng
- **teaching staff**: 162.41 (FTE)
- **grades**: 9-12
- **enrollment**: 3,018 (2016-17)
- **ratio**: 19.56
- **campus type**: Urban
- **colors**: Red and gold
- **conference**: West Alameda County (WAC)
- **nickname**: Yellowjackets
- **accreditation**: Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC)
- **newspaper**: Berkeley High Jacket
- **feeder schools**: Martin Luther King Middle School (Berkeley), King Middle School
Willard Middle School
Longfellow Middle School
- **website**: [http://bhs.berkeleyschools.net/ Berkeley High School]
2019 Belizean territorial dispute referendum

A **referendum on the territorial dispute with Guatemala** was originally and initially scheduled to be held in Belize on 10 April 2019, but the date has now been delayed and set on 8 May 2019.

Yes : 58%
No : 42%

The purpose of this referendum is to ask the Belizeans If they agree that their neighbouring country, Guatemala and their country, Belize request the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to finally resolve the Belizean-Guatemala territorial dispute.
Simbakubwa

***Simbakubwa kutokaafrika*** is an extinct species of giant hyaena-like mammal. It was in the order Hyaenodonta. It was originally classified as a creodont. It lived during the early Miocene and was found in Kenya.

The type specimen had been sitting in the Nairobi National Museum for many years until two American palaeontologists took an interest in it. It was got from deposits dated to be 23 million years old. The animal must have been huge, perhaps up to 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) in weight. It might have been bigger the modern polar bear in size.

## Paleoecology

Africa in the early Miocene was much more forested than today, and even the area which is now Kenya would have had much less grassland. Therefore, instead of the run-and-chase routine of most carnivores today, the emphasis would be more on stealthy stalk-and-pounce methods.

Teeth of this species show it did not have the crushing molars of modern hyaenas. What it did have here huge carnassials for slicing flesh. _Simbakubwa_ was probably a specialist hunter and scavenger that preyed on creatures such as rhinoceroses and early elephants.

_Simbakubwa_ was a straightforward flesh-eater, and one of the largest mammalian carnivores ever found.
2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings

There were a series of suicide bombings targeting Christians and tourists in Sri Lanka, on Easter Sunday 2019 (21 April). Three churches and three luxury hotels in the Colombo area were targeted. Eight bombers killed 269 people and themselves. At least 500 people were wounded. There were also smaller bombings in other locations. One of the churches was Protestant; the other two were Catholic.

The bombings happened at nearly the same time. At least two of the bombings appeared to have been suicide attacks.

The ISIS has claimed responsibility for the attacks, along with a religious extremist group called National Thowheeth Jama'ath whose members, including its president, Zahran Hashim carried out the attack. There were some arrests in connection with the bombings.

There are many ethnic and religious groups in Sri Lanka. There has been a lot of violence between different groups. Most people in Sri Lanka are Buddhist. About ten percent are Muslims, and about 7.5 per cent are Christian (about 80% of them are Catholics; the remaining 20% are evenly split between Anglicans and other Protestants).

Most victims are from Sri Lanka. Between 20 and 30 foreigners were killed.

According to the government reports, all of the suicide bombers in the attacks were Sri Lankan citizens. The government said, they were associated with National Thowheeth Jamaath , a local militant Islamist group previously known for attacks against Buddhists.
Riley, Oregon

**Riley** is a unincorporated community in Harney County, Oregon. It is found 45 km west of Burns, and is located at the meeting point of U.S. Highway 395 and U.S. Highway 20. It lies 1,288 meters above sea level.
Orion Pictures

**Orion Pictures** (also known as **Orion Releasing LLC**) is an American movie production company. It is owned by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The company made and released movies from 1978 to 1999.

## Awards

Of the many movies distributed by Orion, four won the Academy Awards for Best Picture: _Amadeus_ (1984), _Platoon_ (1986), _Dances with Wolves_ (1990) and _The Silence of the Lambs_ (1991).

## History

In 1997, Orion was bought by MGM. In 2013, MGM revived the Orion name for television. In 2014, MGM restarted Orion Pictures.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Orion was famous for its _RoboCop_ movies. The first _RoboCop_ was in 1987. The second movie, _RoboCop 2_, was in 1990. The third movie, _RoboCop 3_, was released in November 1993.

Also during this period, Orion released the _Terminator_ movies in 1984 and 1991. Both of them had Arnold Schwarzenegger as the Terminator.

On February 5, 2019, MGM and Annapurna Pictures expanded their U.S. distribution company, Mirror. Mirror was changed to United Artists Releasing.

## Infobox (company)

- **logo**: Orion Pictures logo 2022.svg
- **logo size**: 150px
Joe Armstrong (programmer)

**Joseph Leslie Armstrong** (27 December 1950 – 20 April 2019) was a British computer scientist. He is best known as one of the co-designers of the Erlang programming language. He was given a Ph.D. in computer science from KTH Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden in 2004. He later became a professor at KTH from 2014. He was born in Bournemouth, Hampshire.

Armstrong died on 20 April 2019, at the age of 68.
Jerry Clack

**Jerry Clack** (July 22, 1926 – April 15, 2019) was an American scholar and political activist. He served as Professor of Classical Languages at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh. He retired in 2011. He was also known for his work in the community as member of Citizens for Global Solutions and chairman of the Opera Theater of Pittsburgh. He was born in New York City.

Clack died on April 15, 2019, at the age of 92.
Peter Colotka

**Peter Colotka** (10 January 1925 – 21 April 2019) was a Slovak academic, lawyer and politician. He served as the Prime Minister of the Slovak Socialist Republic from 1969 to 1988. He was became the Czechoslovak ambassador to France in late 1988 and served until January 1990. In 1990, he was arrested and accused of embezzlement, abuse of power and theft. Charges were dropped in 1994.

Colotka was born in the village of Sedliacka Dubová. He studied law at Comenius University in Bratislava. He died on 21 April 2019, at the age of 94.
Reggie Cobb

**Reginald John Cobb** (July 7, 1968 – April 20, 2019) was an American football player. He played as a running back. He played seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1990–1993), Green Bay Packers (1994), Jacksonville Jaguars (1995) and New York Jets (1996). He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers of the University of Tennessee. He was born in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Cobb died from a heart attack on April 20, 2019, at the age of 50.

## Other websites

- Reggie Cobb at NFL.com
Aminul Haque

**Aminul Haque** (; 1942 or 1943 – 21 April 2019) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). He served as the country's Minister of Post and Telecommunications from 2001 to 2006. He was also a member of parliament for Rajshahi-1 from 1991 to 2006. Outside of politics, he was a barrister.

Haque died of liver cancer on 21 April 2019 in Dhaka. He was 73.