juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
UBS

**UBS AG** is a Swiss finance company. It is an investment bank. 60,000 people work with them in total around the world. The headquarters are in Zürich.
Stop consonant

**Stops** or **plosives** are consonant sounds that are formed by completely stopping airflow.

Stop sounds can be voiceless, like the sounds /p/, /t/, and /k/, or voiced, like /b/, /d/, and /g/. In phonetics, a plosive consonant is  made by blocking a part of the mouth so that no air can pass through. Pressure builds up behind the  block, and when the air is allowed to pass through again, a sound is created. This sound is the plosive consonant. The blocking is usually done using the tongue, the lips or the throat. Plosives can be voiced or voiceless.

## IPA

, ,  are voiceless plosives.

, ,  are voiced plosives.

,  are a glottal stop and a null initial which are made in the throat.

## Related pages

- Glottal stop
George P. Bush

**George Prescott Bush** (born April 24, 1976) is an American attorney, United States Navy Reserve officer, real estate investor and politician. He serves as the Commissioner of the Texas Land General Office. He is the oldest child of Florida Governor Jeb Bush. He is also the grandson of former President George H.W. Bush and the nephew of former President George W. Bush.

Bush was born in Houston, Texas.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: George P. Bush by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Bush at the Republican Leadership Conference in June 2011
- **order**: Commissioner of the General Land Office, 28th Commissioner of the General Land Office

- **term start**: January 2, 2015
- **governor**: Rick Perry
Greg Abbott
- **predecessor**: Jerry E. Patterson
- **birth name**: George Prescott Bush
- **birth place**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **spouse**: Amanda Williams (m. 2004)
- **children**: Prescott
Jack
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: Rice University <small>(Bachelor of Arts, B.A.)</small>
University of Texas School of Law, University of Texas <small>(Juris Doctor, J.D.)</small>
- **relations**: _See Bush family_
- **unit**: United States Navy Reserve, U.S. Navy Reserve
- **serviceyears**: 2007–present
- **rank**:  Lieutenant (naval), Lieutenant
- **battles**: War in Afghanistan (2001–present), War in Afghanistan
- **awards**:  Joint Service Commendation Medal, Commendation Medal
Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf

**Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf** (born 16 March 1956) is a Swiss politician. She was in office from 1985 to 2015. She was the President of the Swiss Confederation in 2012. She studied law at the University of Zürich.

## Other websites

- Profile of Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf
- Official biography
Richard Riordan

**Richard Joseph "Dick" Riordan** (May 1, 1930 – April 19, 2023) was an American investment banker, businessman, investor and politician. He served as the 39th Mayor of Los Angeles, California from 1993 to 2001. He was a member of the Republican Party.

Riordan was born in New York City. He died at his Brentwood home on April 19, 2023, at the age of 92.
Tom Bradley

**Thomas J. "Tom" Bradley** (December 29, 1917September 29, 1998) was an American politician. He was the 38th Mayor of Los Angeles. He served from 1973 to 1993. He was the only African-American mayor of that city. His 20 years in office mark the longest time by any mayor in the city's history.

He became mayor after an election in 1973. It made him the second African-American mayor of a major U.S. city. Bradley retired in 1993. His approval ratings had begun dropping because of the 1992 Los Angeles riots.

Bradley ran for Governor of California in 1982 and 1986. He was defeated each time by the Republican George Deukmejian. In 1985, he was awarded the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP.

Bradley died on September 29, 1998 in Los Angeles. He died from a stroke caused by a heart attack. He was aged 80.

## Other websites

- Tribute to Bradley by Dianne Feinstein, with biographical information
- Tom Bradley on the Internet Movie Database
- The Bradley Effect by Raphael Sonenshein
- Bridging the Divide: Tom Bradley and the Politics of Race documentary

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Tom Bradley
- **image**: Tom Bradley and Marvin Braude flipping "on switch" for 911 emergency telephone system, 1984 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Tom Bradley in 1984
- **birth place**: Calvert, Texas, Calvert, Texas, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **restingplace**: Inglewood Park Cemetery, Inglewood, California, Inglewood, California, U.S.
- **residence**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **office**: 38th Mayor of Los Angeles
- **term start**: July 1, 1973
- **term end**: July 1, 1993
- **predecessor**: Samuel William Yorty, Sam Yorty
- **successor**: Richard Riordan
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Ethel Arnold
- **children**: Phyllis Bradley
Lorraine Bradley
- **alma mater**: University of California, Los Angeles <small>(B.A)</small>

- **allegiance**: Los Angeles, City of Los Angeles
- **serviceyears**: 1940-1961
- **rank**: Lieutenant
Roman Gribbs

**Roman Stanley Gribbs** (December 29, 1925 – April 5, 2016) was an American politician. He was the Mayor of Detroit from 1970 to 1974.  Later, Gribbs served as a judge on the Michigan Court of Appeals.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Roman Gribbs
- **image**: Roman S. Gribbs.jpg
- **order**: 65th
- **office**: Mayor of Detroit, Michigan
- **term start**: January 6, 1970
- **term end**: January 1, 1974
- **predecessor**: Jerome Cavanagh
- **successor**: Coleman Young
- **office2**: Wayne County Sheriff
- **term start2**: 1968
- **term end2**: 1969
- **predecessor2**: Peter L. Buback
- **successor2**: William Lucas (Michigan)
- **birth name**: Roman Stanley Gribbs
- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan
- **death place**: Northville, Michigan
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **alma mater**: University of Detroit
- **spouse**: Katherine Stratis (1), married 1954-1982
Leola Young Barr (2), since 1990.
- **children**: 5
- **branch**: United States Army
- **serviceyears**: 1944-1948
- **battles**: World War II
Dave Bing

**David Bing** (born November 24, 1943) is an American businessman, retired basketball player, and former mayor. He was mayor of Detroit, Michigan from 2009 to 2013.

After starring at Syracuse University, Bing played 12 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a guard for the Detroit Pistons (1966 to 1975), Washington Bullets (1975 to 1977) and Boston Celtics (1977–78). He is now in the Basketball Hall of Fame.

Bing entered Detroit politics as a Democrat in 2008. He announced his intentions to run for mayor in Detroit's non-partisan primary to finish the term of Kwame Kilpatrick. Kilpatrick had resigned during a corruption investigation. After winning the primary, Bing then defeated interim Mayor Kenneth Cockrel, Jr. and was sworn in as mayor in May 2009. Later that year, Bing was re-elected to a full term.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dave Bing
- **image**: Dave Bing.jpg
- **caption**: Mayor Dave Bing in 2009
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **order**: 74th
- **office**: Mayor of Detroit
- **term start**: May 11, 2009
- **term end**: December 31, 2013
- **predecessor**: Kenneth Cockrel, Jr.
- **successor**: Mike Duggan
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Yvette Bing
- **profession**: Professional Athlete, Businessman, Politician
- **alma mater**: Syracuse University
Mike Duggan

**Michael Edward ** "**Mike**" **Duggan** (born July 15, 1958) is an American lawyer, prosecutor and businessman. He is serving as mayor of Detroit, Michigan. He was elected mayor in 2013.

He received attention from across the country in part because he is the first white mayor of the city since Roman Gribbs in the early 1970s. Currently, most of the people living in Detroit are African American. This was not the case at the time when Gribbs was mayor.

In November 2024, Duggan announced that he would not seek reelection as mayor. The following month, Duggan announced his independent campaign for governor of Michigan in the 2026 election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mike Duggan
- **image**: Mike Duggan (52345819381) (1).jpg
- **caption**: Duggan in 2022
- **office**: 75th List of mayors of Detroit, Mayor of Detroit
- **term start**: January 1, 2014
- **predecessor**: Dave Bing
- **successor**: Mary Sheffield (elect)
- **office1**: Wayne County Prosecutor's Office, Prosecutor of Wayne County
- **term start1**: July 11, 2001
- **term end1**: July 16, 2004
- **predecessor1**: John O'Hair
- **successor1**: Kym Worthy
- **birth name**: Michael Edward Duggan
- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
- **party**: Independent politician, Independent (2024–present)
- **spouse**: Sonia Hassan (m. 2021)
 Lori Maher (div. 2019)
- **children**: 4
- **father**: Patrick J. Duggan, Patrick Duggan
- **education**: University of Michigan (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Juris Doctor, JD)
- **otherparty**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (before 2024)
Mohammad Salimi

**Mohammad Salimi** (; February 2, 1937 – January 30, 2016) was an Iranian military person. He was born in Mashhad, Iran. He was the commander-in-chief of the Iranian Army. He served in the Iran-Iraq War. He began his career in 1955 and resigned in 2005. Salimi was the defense minister in the cabinet of Mir-Hossein Mousavi, replacing Javad Fakoori. He was in office from 1981 to August 1984.

## Infobox (military person)

- **honorific prefix**: Timsar
- **name**: Mohammad Salimi
- **birth place**: Mashhad, Iran
- **death place**: Tehran, Iran
- **image**: Commander in Chief Mohammad Salimi (cropped).jpg
- **allegiance**: Iran
- **branch**: Islamic Republic of Iran Army, Ground Forces
- **serviceyears**: 1955–2005
- **rank**: Major General
- **commands**: Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics, Defence Minister (1981–1984)
Commander-in-chief of the Iranian Army
- **battles**: Iran–Iraq War
Paul Pholeros

**Paul Pholeros** AM (1953 – 1 February 2016) was an Australian architect. He was born in Sydney. He received his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from the University of Sydney in 1974 and Bachelor of Architecture (Hons 1) in 1976. Pholeros created his own architectural practice, Paul Pholeros Architects, in 1984. He was also a director of Healthabitat Pty Ltd.

Pholeros died in Sydney on 1 February 2016 from cancer at the age of 62.
Alejandro Jodorowsky

**Alejandro Jodorowsky Prullansky** (; 17 February 1929) is a Chilean movie and theatre director, screenwriter, playwright, actor, author, poet, producer, composer, musician, comic book writer. He also gives spiritual advice. He was known for his movies _El Topo_ (1970), _The Holy Mountain_ (1973), _Tusk_ (1980), the horror _Santa Sangre_ (1989) and the failed blockbuster _The Rainbow Thief_ (1990).

He is best known for his avant-garde movies. He is popular among cult cinema fans for his work. His movies are "filled with violently surreal images" and a mix of "mysticism and religious provocation".

He was born in Tocopilla, Chile.
Graphing calculator

A **graphing calculator** is a calculator that is specially made to draw graphs. Also, graphing calculators can do many advanced tasks, such as solving equations with one or more variables. Graphing calculators are usually bigger and more expensive than a basic calculator, but can do more. Another feature of most graphing calculators is programmability. This lets anyone program the calculator to do whatever he or she wants.

## Related pages

- Computer Algebra System
Fernando Arrabal

**Fernando Arrabal Terán** (born August 11, 1932) is a Spanish playwright, screenwriter, movie director, novelist and poet. Arrabal was born in Melilla, Spain, but settled in France in 1955. He calls himself _desterrado_, which means "half-expatriate, half-exiled".

In 1962, Arrabal co-founded the Panic Movement with Alejandro Jodorowsky and Roland Topor. It was inspired by the god Pan. He was elected Transcendent Satrap of the Collège de Pataphysique in 1990.

## Other websites

- Fernando Arrabal's website
- Fernando Arrabal : Excerpts, articles, interviews and videos on the website of the Prague Writers' Festival
- Fernando Arrabal's Cinématon – A 4 minutes online portrait by Gérard Courant
- Chess Express Arrabal – Arrabal's chess blog

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Fernando Arrabal
- **image**: Fernando Arrabal, 2012.JPG
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Fernando Arrabal, 2012
- **birth name**: Fernando Arrabal Terán
- **birth place**: Melilla, Spain
- **occupation**: Playwright, screenwriter, film director, novelist and poet
- **nationality**: Spanish
- **period**: 1950s–present
Jimmy Wales Foundation

The **Jimmy Wales Foundation** is a non-profit organization started by Jimmy Wales to promote internet freedom. The organization was established with prize money from the “Knowledge Award”, which was presented to Jimmy and Tim Berners-Lee at the first Knowledge Conference in Dubai.

The organization talks about individual human rights cases of real people who were persecuted.  One of the people featured is Bassel Khartabil, formerly from Creative Commons Syria. Bassel was imprisoned in Syria in 2012, and disappeared completely a few years later. Bassel Khartabil has been killed in 2015. Another featured case is Roya Saberinejad, who went to visit her family in Iran, and never returned.

## Goals

The purpose of the Jimmy Wales Foundation is to stop government censorship and promote freedom of expression on the internet.

The goals of the Jimmy Wales Foundation are to:
1. Research the problem of freedom of expression and provide public information about the international problem
1. Put political pressure on governments that control freedom of speech
1. Use technology to promote free speech in countries with restrictive governments
1. Pressure governments to make laws that promote freedom of expression
1. Help individual people who are in trouble with repressive governments that restrict free speech

## Other websites

- Jimmy Wales Foundation official website
- Jimmy Wales Foundation on Twitter
- Jimmy Wales Foundation on LinkedIn
Word of mouth

**Word of mouth** is the passing of information from a person to one or more people in conversation. In the past, it referred only to speech, but now, it can sometimes include online communication. It can be as simple as telling someone what time it is, or it can involve longer stories and news. It is a good way to share information about things that are of interest to a local community, such as businesses, other people, and things that happened in the past.

## Oral tradition

Oral tradition (also called "oral culture" or "oral lore") is when cultural material is transmitted orally from older people to younger people. This material may include folktales, sayings, songs, or chants. It is a way for things like history, literature, and law to be passed down from generation to generation without a writing system.

## Oral history

Oral history is history that is given by people who lived through historical eras or events. Often, they are interviewed, and it is recorded. Usually, they talk about things that are not part of written history, such as what everyday life was like.

## Marketing

Consumers often talk to their friends about their experiences with a product or a service. This is important for businesses because people are more likely to trust someone they know well.

"Word-of-mouth marketing" happens when a business tries to encourage people to talk about their product. For example, they can offer rewards or suggest that they make posts on social media.

A lot of people think that a lot of word of mouth now happens on the internet. However, studies show that most word of mouth actually happens in spoken conversation.
PlusLiga

**PlusLiga** () is the highest level of men's volleyball in Poland. It is a professional league competition for volleyball clubs located in Poland. It is overseen by Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej S.A. (PLPS S.A.). There are currently 14 teams in the league. They play a schedule of 26 games from September to March. The regular season is followed by playoffs. The winner earns the Polish Championship () It is one of the best volleyball leagues in Europe. According to the latest rankings of European volleyball leagues, compiled by the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball, the Polish league is ranked second-best.

## Other websites

- PLUSLiga official site
- PZPS (Polish Volleyball Union) official site
- BGVolley (Site in which the Polish Championship is covered)

## Infobox (sports league)

- **sport**: Volleyball
- **founded**: 30 June 2000
- **administrator**: PLS SA
- **inaugural**: 2000–01 Polish Volleyball League, 2000–01
- **teams**: 14
- **country**: Poland
- **continent**: Europe
- **confed**: European Volleyball Confederation, CEV
- **most champs**: Skra Bełchatów
 (9 titles)
- **champion**: Jastrzębski Węgiel
 (2nd title)
- **relegation**: I Liga
- **domestic cup**: Polish Men's Volleyball Cup, Polish Cup
 Polish Men's Volleyball SuperCup, Polish SuperCup
- **confed cup**: CEV Champions League
 CEV Cup
- **tv**: Polsat Sport
 Polsat Sport Extra
- **website**: [https://www.plusliga.pl/ plusliga.pl]
Italian Volleyball League

The **Italian Male Volleyball League** is the league that governs professional men's volleyball in Italy. It is structured with several levels of importance; the highest of them is the _SuperLega_ (formerly _Serie A1_). Since early 1980s, many among the best volleyball players in the world play in SuperLega and the level of competition is considerably high.

## Other websites

- FIPAV
- Lega Pallavolo Serie A
École Centrale Paris

**École Centrale Paris** (**ECP**; also known as **École Centrale** or **Centrale**) was a French grande école in engineering and science. It is in a campus of Chatenay-Malabry.

Its courses can lead to the following French and European degrees:
- _Ingénieur Centralien de Paris_ (Centralien Graduate engineer Masters level program) ;
- Master of Science & PhD doctorate studies ;
- _Mastères Spécialisés_ (MS) ;
- Massive Online Open Courses.

Courses are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students at the school come from more than 50 countries.

Most of the 2000 students at École Centrale de Paris live in dedicated housing buildings near to the research labs and metro public transport.

## Admission

Admission to the "Centralien engineering Programme" at École Centrale de Paris is possible after two or three year scientific undergraduate studies and requires success in either:
- an admission exam for Bachelors of Sciences (2-year curriculum)
- a French nationwide selective exam with _numerus clausus_ : concours Centrale-Supelec (3-year curriculum including at least 2 years in France)
- a selective application as per _Top Industrial Managers for Europe_ (TIME) double degrees procedures applicable in Europe (2+2-year curriculum, including 2 years in France)

The _Centralien Programme_ usually lasts three years and results in a Master's degree. It involves doing work in other countries. Thus undergraduate studies plus the Centralien Programme account for more than a cumulated 300 ECTS credits as applicable in the European education system. Graduate students enrolled in the TIME double degree procedure are required to spend two years at École Centrale de Paris and spend two years in the TIME-partner institute for a total of four years resulting in a double master's degree.

## More reading

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: École Centrale de Paris
- **established**: 1829
- **type**: Public, Graduate engineering school
- **students**: 2000
- **city**: Paris
- **campus**: Chatenay-Malabry
- **country**: France
- **affiliations**: Centrale Graduate School
UniverSud Paris
Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research, CESAER
- **website**: http://www.ecp.fr
Lovely Professional University

**Lovely Professional University** (**LPU**) is a Private University in North India created under the Punjab State Private University Act 2005 and recognized by UGC under Section 2(f) of UGC Act 1956. LPU has been offering more than 200 programs under 40+ disciplines.

## Campus

LPU  is spread across more than 600 acres complete with a state-of-the-art infrastructure. The campus is free from the use of drugs, alcohol and smoking. Even ragging is an offense in the campus.

Situated at the entrance of Jalandhar City on the National Highway-1, the campus itself look like a planned city with wide roads, gardens and lawns surrounding the residential complexes as well as the buildings for academic purposes. The university campus includes its own backup electricity and water supply, shopping complexes, eating joints, transportation facilities and banking and postal services. For healthcare assistance, the campus has a hospital  that operates 24*7.

### Schools

The campus has four major faculties
- Faculty of Technology & Sciences.
- Faculty of Business & Arts.
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences
- Faculty of Distance Education.
- Faculty of Design(Gaming/Multimedia/Animation)by Navdeep Sindhu.

### Hostels

_LPU_ have residential facilities with capacity for more than 20,000 students. The university provides a range of facilities within the university campus, separately for boys and girls. **LPU** understand that most of their students are moving away from home for the first time, so they strive to make the transition as smooth as possible. The university has a wide range of accommodation options. Campus entry is controlled by turnstile and there are CCTV surveillance cameras all round to ensure safety and security.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Lovely Professional University
- **motto lang**: en
- **type**: Private university, Private
- **chancellor**: Ashok Mittal
- **vice chancellor**: Ramesh Kanwar
- **students**: 24,000
- **city**: Phagwara
- **state**: Punjab, India, Punjab
- **country**: India
- **campus**: Urban
- **affiliations**: University Grants Commission (India), UGC, Association of Indian Universities, AIU, Pharmacy Council of India, PCI, National Council for Teacher Education, NCTE, Council of Architecture, COA, Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs, ACBSP, Association of Commonwealth Universities, ACU, Indian Council of Agricultural Research,  ICAR
- **image**: Lovely_Professional_University_(LPU),_Jalandhar-Phagwara_Highway,_Jalandhar.jpg
Xenacoelomorpha

**Xenacoelomorpha** is a proposed grouping of the xenoturbellids and acoelomorph flatworms, suggested by molecular data. It may be a member of the deuterostomes,  and may be even more basal in the Bilateria.
Mark Farren

**Mark Farren** (1 May 1982 – 3 February 2016) was an Irish footballer. He played as a forward for Derry City. He was born in Donegal, Ireland. He played for Finn Harps F.C. from 2000 to 2001, Monaghan United F.C. from 2001 to 2003, Derry City F.C. from 2003 to 2012, and Glenavon F.C. from 2013 to 2014.

Farren died on 3 February 2016 of cancer. He was aged 33.
Alba Solís

**Alba Solís** (née Ángela Herminia Lamberti; 18 October 1927 – 3 February 2016) was an Argentine singer, actress and vedette. She was born in Buenos Aires. She was known for her roles in _La cigarra está que arde_, _Estrellas de Buenos Aires_, _De turno con la muerte_ and _Escándalo nocturno_.

Solís died in Buenos Aires on 3 February 2016 from heart failure. She was aged 88.

## Other websites

- Alba Solís at IMDB
Leonel Marshall

**Leonel Marshall Borges Jr. ** (born September 25, 1979 in Havana) is a Cuban volleyball player. He was a member of the Cuban men's national team in 1997–2002. Marshall is an outside hitter. He is well known for his outstanding vertical jump.

## Other websites

- Sports-reference profile
Balram Jakhar

**Balram Jakhar** (23 August 1923 – 3 February 2016) was an Indian politician. He was a member of parliament and served as Governor of Madhya Pradesh from June 2004 to June 2009. Before being governor, Jakhar was the 8th Speaker of the Lok Sabha, serving from January 1980 to November 1989. He was born in Punjab.

Jakhar died from complications of pneumonia on 3 February 2016. He died in Delhi. He was aged 92.

## Other websites

- Biography
Henry Gibson

**Henry Gibson** (September 21, 1935 – September 14, 2009) was an American actor, singer and songwriter. He was best known as a cast member of _Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In_, for his role as Haven Hamilton in _Nashville_,  for his recurring role as Judge Clark Brown on _Boston Legal_, the Illinois Nazi leader in _The Blues Brothers_ and as Bob Jenkins in _King of the Hill_.

## Other websites

- Obituary at the Daily Telegraph

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Henry Gibson
- **image**: Henry Gibson 1969 (cropped version).JPG
- **caption**: Gibson on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In, 1969
- **birth place**: Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Germantown, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **birth name**: James Bateman
- **death cause**: Cancer of unknown primary origin
- **death place**: Malibu, California, U.S.
- **resting place**: Cremation
- **education**: Saint Joseph's Preparatory School
- **other names**: Olsen Gibson
- **occupation**: Actor, Singer, Songwriter
- **years active**: 1963–2008
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: The Catholic University of America
Saulius Sondeckis

**Saulius Sondeckis** (11 October 1928 – 3 February 2016) was a Lithuanian violinist, conductor, orchestra leader and professor. He founded the Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra in 1960 and was its artistic director and principal conductor until 2004.

Sondeckis was born in Šiauliai, Lithuania. He studied at Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre. Sondeckis died in Vilnius from a stroke on 3 February 2016. He was aged 87.
Amanda Crew

**Amanda Crew** (born June 5, 1986) is a Canadian actress. She acts in both movies and television. She played Julie Christensen in _Final Destination 3_. She also played Wendy in _The Haunting in Connecticut_.

Crew was born in Langley, British Columbia.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Amanda Crew
- **image**: AmandaCrewCropped.jpg
- **caption**: Crew at the premiere of _Repeaters_ in September 2010
- **birth place**: Langley, British Columbia (city), Langley, British Columbia, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadians, Canadian
- **education**: Brookswood Secondary School
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 2005–present
Luiz Felipe Lampreia

**Luiz Felipe Palmeira Lampreia** (19 October 1941 – 2 February 2016) was a Brazilian diplomat and sociologist. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. Lampreia worked at as a professor at Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. He served as chairman of the Industry Federation of the State of Rio de Janeiro. He created a blog during his later career called _O Globo_.

Lampreia died in Rio de Janeiro from a heart attack on 2 February 2016. He was aged 74.
Mere Broughton

**Mary Mereiwa Broughton**  (née **Whakaruru**, 24 December 1938 – 31 January 2016), known as **Mere Broughton**, was a New Zealand Māori language activist and unionist. She was born in Hastings, New Zealand.

In the 1970s and 1980s, she worked at Victoria University. She created Te Herenga Waka Marae with her husband, Te Huirangi Waikerepuru, and Wiremu Parker. At the university she became active in union affairs, in the Association of University Staff (now the TEU). In 2010, she became the TEUs first lifetime member. Broughton was on the Tekaumārua, the advisory board to the Māori King, Tuheitia Paki. In 2014, she was part of the New Zealand delegation that sent off the canoes of the Polynesian Voyaging Society, Hōkūle'a and Hikianalia.

Broughton died on 31 January 2016 at her home in Waitara. She died from heart failure. She was aged 79.
Kim Yong-nam

**Kim Yong-nam** (; 4 February 1928 – 3 November 2025) was a North Korean politician. He served as President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly. He was in this position from 1998 to 2019. Previously, he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1983 to 1998. He was elected a member of the Presidium of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) in 2010.

Kim died from multiple organ failure caused by colorectal cancer on 3 November 2025 at a hospital in Pyongyang, North Korea at the age of 97.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Kim Yong-nam
- **native name**: 김영남
- **native name lang**: ko
- **image**: Kim Yong-nam (2018-06-14).jpg
- **caption**: Kim Yong-nam in 2018
- **office**: List of heads of state of North Korea, President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea
- **leader**: Kim Jong-il
Kim Jong-un
- **premier**: Hong Song-nam
Pak Pong-ju
Kim Yong-il
Choe Yong-rim
Pak Pong-ju
- **term start**: 5 September 1998
- **term end**: 11 April 2019
- **predecessor**: Yang Hyong-sop
- **successor**: Choe Ryong-hae
- **birth place**: Pyongyang, Heijo, Korea under Japanese rule, Korea

- **death place**: Pyongyang, North Korea
- **party**: Workers' Party of Korea


## Infobox (korean name)

- **title**: Korean name
- **context**: north
- **hangul**: 김영남
- **hanja**: 金永南
- **mr**: Kim Yŏngnam
- **rr**: Gim Yeong-nam
Edward Babiuch

**Edward Mikołaj Babiuch** (; December 28, 1927 – February 1, 2021) was a Polish politician. He was a member of the Polish United Workers' Party, a Communist party. He was one of four deputy chairmen of the Polish Council of State from 1976 to 1980. Babiuch served as the Prime Minister of Poland in 1980, from February 18 to August 24 of that year.

Babiuch died in Warsaw on February 2, 2021 at the age of 93.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Edward Babiuch
- **image**: Edward Babiuch.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150 px
- **order4**: Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland, Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Poland
<small>6th Premier of Communist Poland</small>
- **term start4**: February 18, 1980
- **term end4**: August 24, 1980
- **president4**: Henryk Jabłoński (Chairman of the Council of State)
- **predecessor4**: Piotr Jaroszewicz
- **successor4**: Józef Pińkowski
- **birth place**: Grabocin, near Będzin, Poland
- **death place**: Warsaw, Poland
- **party**: Polish United Workers' Party
Final Destination 3

***Final Destination 3*** is a 2006 American horror movie. This is the third movie of the _Final Destination_ movie series.

## Plot

A high school student named Wendy Christensen visits an amusement park with her boyfriend Jason, best friend Carrie Dreyer and Carrie's boyfriend Kevin for their senior class field trip. When they board the Devil's flight roller coaster, Wendy has a premonition that the roller coaster will have an accident. When Wendy panics, a fight breaks out and several people leave or are forced off the ride. As they leave, the roller coaster goes off its tracks and kills the remaining passengers, including Carrie and Jason.

## Cast

- Mary Elizabeth Winstead as Wendy Christensen
- Ryan Merriman as Kevin Fischer
- Kris Lemche as Ian McKinley
- Alexz Johnson as Erin Ulmer
- Sam Easton as Frankie Cheeks
- Jesse Moss as Jason Wise
- Gina Holden as Carrie Dreyer
- Texas Battle as Lewis Romero
- Chelan Simmons as Ashley Freund
- Crystal Lowe as Ashlyn Halperin
- Amanda Crew as Julie Christensen
- Maggie Ma as Perry Malinowski
- Ecstasia Sanders as Amber Regan
- Dustin Milligan as Marcus
- Cory Monteith as Kahill
- Agam Darshi as Laura
- Dylan Basile as Sean

## Release

_Final Destination 3_ was released on February 10, 2006 under New Line Cinema. The movie is rated R for violence, profanity and sexual situations.

### Box office

The movie took in $19,173,094 on its opening weekend. Worldwide, it got $186,187,139.

### Critical response

The movie received mixed reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes gave the movie a 43% rating.

### Awards

The movie was nominated at the 33rd Saturn Awards for Best Horror Film and Best DVD Special Edition Release.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Final Destination 3
- **director**: James Wong (filmmaker), James Wong
- **cinematography**: Robert McLachlan (cinematographer), Robert McLachlan
- **editing**: Chris G. Willingham
- **music**: Shirley Walker
- **distributor**: New Line Cinema
- **runtime**: 93 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $25 million
- **gross**: $118.9 million
Everton Weekes

Sir **Everton DeCourcy Weekes**, KCMG, GCM, OBE (26 February 1925 – 1 July 2020) was cricketer who played for West Indies. Along with Frank Worrell and Clyde Walcott, he formed what was known as "The Three Ws" of West Indian cricket. He was born in Saint Michael, Barbados.

Weekes began his career in 1948. Earlier that year, he scored 88 and 117 runs (retired) in domestic cricket and got selected for the tour. He played his first match for Barbados on 24 February 1945. He was aged 19 years at that time, and it was the day before his 20th birthday. The match was against Trinidad and Tobago at Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain. Batting at number six, he scored 0 and eight runs. Barbados lost by ten wickets. He retired in 1958.

Weekes died on 1 July 2020 in Christ Church, Barbados at the age of 95.
Precognition

**Precognition** (also known as _premonition_ or _second sight_) is an alleged psychic ability to see events in the future. However, as with most other forms of extra-sensory perception, there is no evidence any person has ever had precognition ability. But it still appears within movies, books and discussions within the parapsychology community.

## Related pages

- Prediction
- Synchronicity
Derry, New Hampshire

**Derry** is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 34,317 at the 2020 census. Although it is a town and not a city, Derry is the fourth most-populous community in the state.
Mike Mansfield

**Michael Joseph "Mike" Mansfield** (March 16, 1903 – October 5, 2001) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He served as a U.S. Representative (1943–1953) and a U.S. Senator (1953–1977) from Montana. He was the longest-serving Senate Majority Leader, serving from 1961 to 1977.

During his time, he led Great Society programs through the Senate and strongly opposed the Vietnam War.

After retiring from the Senate, Mansfield served as U.S. Ambassador to Japan from 1977 to 1988. On retiring as ambassador, he was awarded the nation's highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1989). He won this in part for his role in the resignation of Republican President Richard Nixon. Mansfield is the longest-serving American ambassador to Japan in history.

After his ambassadorship, Mansfield served for a time as a senior adviser on East Asian affairs to Goldman Sachs, the Wall Street investment banking company.

Mansfield died of congestive heart failure in Washington, D.C. on October 5, 2001. He was aged 98.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mike Mansfield
- **image**: Mike mansfield cropped.jpg
- **office**: United States Ambassador to Japan
- **president**: Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan
- **term start**: June 10, 1977
- **term end**: December 22, 1988
- **predecessor**: James D. Hodgson
- **successor**: Michael Armacost
- **office1**: Party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Majority Leader
- **deputy1**: Hubert Humphrey
Russell B. Long
Ted Kennedy
Robert Byrd
- **term start1**: January 3, 1961
- **term end1**: January 3, 1977
- **predecessor1**: Lyndon B. Johnson
- **successor1**: Robert Byrd
- **office2**: Party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Majority Whip
- **leader2**: Lyndon Johnson
- **term start2**: January 3, 1957
- **term end2**: January 3, 1961
- **predecessor2**: Earle C. Clements
- **successor2**: Hubert Humphrey
- **jr/sr3**: United States Senator
- **state3**: Montana
- **term start3**: January 3, 1953
- **term end3**: January 3, 1977
- **predecessor3**: Zales Ecton
- **successor3**: John Melcher
- **state4**: Montana
- **term start4**: January 3, 1943
- **term end4**: January 3, 1953
- **predecessor4**: Jeannette Rankin
- **successor4**: Lee Metcalf
- **birth name**: Michael Joseph Mansfield
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **restingplace**: Arlington National Cemetery
- **children**: 1 daughter
- **education**: Montana Tech of the University of Montana, University of Montana, Tech
University of Montana, Missoula (BA, MA)
University of California, Los Angeles
- **signature**: Mike Mansfield Signature.svg
- **branch**:

- **rank**: Seaman (rank), Seaman (Navy)
Private (rank), Private (Army)
Private first class, Private First Class (Marine Corps)
- **serviceyears**: 1918–1919 (Navy)
1919–1920 (Army)
1920–1922 (Marine Corps)
- **battles**: World War I
Intervertebral disc

An **intervertebral disc** is a kind of padding between vertebrae in the vertebral column. They are shock absorbers in the spine, and are very important to the health of the spine. The disc is a fibrocartilaginous joint. It allows slight movement of the vertebrae, and acts as a ligament to hold the vertebrae together.

Discs have an outer fibrous ring, made up of both type I and type II collagen. Type I is concentrated towards the edge of the ring where it provides greater strength. The fibrous intervertebral disc contains the _nucleus pulposus_ and this helps to  distribute pressure evenly across the disc.

The nucleus pulposus contains loose fibers suspended in a mucoprotein gel. The nucleus of the disc acts as a shock absorber, absorbing impacts and keeping the two vertebrae separated. It is the remnant of the notochord.
Spintronics

**Spintronics** is a kind of electronics that uses the tiny magnetic fields that come from electrons as well as their electric charge. The word _spintronics_ is made up of the words _spin_ and _electronics_

In atoms, electrons can be said to go around the nucleus of an atom and possess some spinning energy. They also have  their own spin, like a spinning top, which  is separate from the atom and they keep even when they are moving  freely. There are two ways for  something  to spin, clockwise and anti-clockwise. In the tiny quantum world the terms  'up' or 'down' are used instead.

The electron spin of large numbers of electrons plays a role as a source of the magnetism in permanent magnets. In most materials these spins are random in direction and so no magnetic field results. In normal electronics  the flow of current in a wire  can also be used to produce a magnetic field which is known as electromagnetism. Neither of these form a part of spintonics.

In spintronics the property of the spin of the electrons themselves is used directly.  It  makes use of the electrons in a solid metal or semiconductor.

In spintronics the electron spin of just a few electrons in a material are made to align in one direction by briefly applying a very large magnetic field. Even when the magnetic field is removed the electrons will remain aligned in  their spins. This alignment will slowly fade away over time but will persist for a while.

Since these aligned spins produce a resultant  magnet field they can be detected and even used to move  the electrons.

The deliberate moving of only those electrons with a certain spin  can be used to store information and this technology has been called spintronics to distinguish it from conventional use of electrons in electronics which uses their electric charge only.

Spintronics is an area of research in which scientists are trying to make useful devices and are making progress. Some devices write the electron spin codes into the surface of a moving disk and others make them in sold transistor junctions as RAM. They promise a technology that could create faster and  smaller electronic devices that  use less energy.

## Other websites

- Utilization of Spintronics, Jitendra S. Pingale, Mukesh D. Patil, Umar I. Masumdar. _International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications_, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2013. ISSN 2250-3153 .
Nawab of Awadh

The **Nawab of Awadh** or the **Nawab of Oudh** () was the title of the rulers who governed the state of Oudh or Awadh in south India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Nawabs of Awadh belonged to a dynasty of Qara-Qoyunlu origin from Nishapur. Saadat Khan (1722–1739) became the first Nawab of Awadh in 1722. He was a Mughal wazir and the founder of the state of Awadh.
Antioch College

**Antioch College** is a private, liberal arts college in Yellow Springs, Ohio, in the United States. Established in 1850 by the Christian Connection, the college began operating in 1852; politician and education expert Horace Mann became its first president. It was the founding, forming college of Antioch University, which Antioch College outlived until 2008. The College remained out of business for three years before being reestablished in 2011, and fully disconnected from the university as an independent institution by 2014.

The College has produced two Nobel Prize winners. José Ramos-Horta, the 1996 laureate for Peace, earned his Master of Arts in 1984. Mario Capecchi, the 2007 laureate for Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, earned his Bachelor of Science in 1961.

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **name**: Antioch Hall, North & South Halls
- **image**: Antioch Hall, Antioch College.jpg
- **caption**: Rear of Antioch Hall
- **location**: 1 Morgan Place, Antioch College campus, Yellow Springs, Ohio
- **built**: 1852
- **builder**: Alpheus M. Merrifield
- **architect**: Boyden & Ball
- **architecture**: Romanesque Revival architecture, Romanesque Revival
- **added**: June 30, 1975
- **governing body**: Private
- **refnum**: 75001411
Keytar

A **keytar** is a musical instrument. It is shaped and held like a guitar, but has keys like a keyboard. Keytars are lightweight keyboards that have a strap that is put around the neck and shoulders. The instrument has a keyboard for playing musical notes and sounds. The earliest keytars were created around the 1970's. This picture of a keytar is one of the most popular keytars. Most popular keytars are seen with a red guitar neck and played in 1980 movies. first appeared in a magazine in 1980.
Show, don't tell

**Show, don't tell** is a type of writing technique used by authors. Instead of explaining a story, as in a summary, a writer makes the reader feel what is happening. It creates a picture of something in the reader's mind. When the reader gets a clear mental picture the story becomes more interesting. The technique is used in both fiction and non-fiction writing.

## Examples of show, don't tell

- **Telling**: "The room was perfect. She saw it and was immediately transported back to her childhood because it had all the elements she remembered."
- **Showing**: "She threw open the wide oak door and stepped into a past from twenty years ago. The bedroom she remembered, down to the last detail. Pink candy-striped walls with white trim. A thick white shag carpet, two plush maroon velvet chairs flanking a silent fireplace."

In the first example, the author is telling what the character feels. In the second example, the author is allowing the reader to picture what the character was experiencing when she opened the door.

## Show and tell

Good writing may involve both showing and telling. A scene shows the reader what is happening.  It allows the reader to experience the action and emotions of the people in the story. A summary is often used between scenes to connect them together to create a story. Another use of summaries is in places where a part of the story needs to be brief. Showing takes more words than telling. Less important parts of a story are sometimes mentioned very briefly.
Marlow Cook

**Marlow Webster Cook** (July 27, 1926 – February 4, 2016) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. He served as the United States Senator from Kentucky from December 17, 1968 to December 27, 1974. He was born in Akron, New York.

Cook died in Sarasota, Florida on February 4, 2016. He died from complications of a heart attack. He was aged 89.

## Infobox (senator)

- **name**: Marlow Cook
- **nationality**: American
- **image name**: Marlow_Cook.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Kentucky
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **term start**: December 17, 1968
- **term end**: December 27, 1974
- **preceded**: Thruston Ballard Morton, Thruston B. Morton
- **succeeded**: Wendell H. Ford
- **birth name**: Marlow Webster Cook
- **birth place**: Akron, New York, Akron, New York (state), New York, US
- **death place**: Sarasota, Florida, Sarasota, Florida, US
- **spouse**: Nancy Remmers Cook
- **alma mater**: University of Louisville
- **branch**: United States Navy
- **battles**: World War II
Joe Alaskey

**Joseph Francis "Joe" Alaskey** (April 17, 1952 – February 3, 2016) was an American actor, impressionist, stand-up comedian and voice actor. He was known for voicing Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Sylvester the Cat, Tweety and other characters from Warner Bros. cartoons. He voiced Plucky Duck on _Tiny Toon Adventures_ from 1990 to 1995.

Alaskey won an Emmy Award in 2004.

Alaskey was the second actor to voice Grandpa Lou Pickles on _Rugrats_. He voiced Lou again in the _Rugrats_ spin-off series, _All Grown Up!_ and all three movies. He also voiced Stinkie in _Casper_.

Alaskey died in Green Island, New York from cancer on February 3, 2016. He was aged 63.

## Filmography

- _The Undersea World of Fifi_ (1992) ... Plucky Duck/Duck Servant/Additional voices (voice)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Joe Alaskey
- **birthname**: Joseph Francis Alaskey
- **birth date**: April 17, 1952
- **birth place**: Troy, New York, U.S.
- **death date**: February 3, 2016 (aged 63)
- **death place**: Green Island, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Cancer
- **occupation**: Actor, impressionist, stand-up comedian, voice actor
- **years active**: 1983–2016
Abe Waddington

**Abraham Waddington** (4 February 1893 – 28 October 1959) was an English professional cricketer who was born in the village of Thornton, near Bradford. He was a left arm fast-medium bowler who took 852 wickets in his first-class career, with a best return of 8/34. Besides being a useful lower order batter, he was a good fielder who held 232 catches in his 266 matches. Waddington played for Yorkshire from 1919 to 1927, and in two Test matches for England against Australia in 1920/21.

He also played football for Halifax Town.
Tweety

**Tweety** (or **Tweety Bird**) is a fictional character from _Looney Tunes_. He is a yellow canary. He has also appeared in comic books. He was voiced by Mel Blanc. He is mainly known for saying “I tought I taw a puddy tat”, which is a babyish way of saying that he saw a cat. This cat is usually Sylvester, who tries to eat Tweety.
Maurice White

**Maurice White** (December 19, 1941 – February 4, 2016) was an American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer, arranger and bandleader. He was the founder of the band Earth, Wind & Fire. He was also the older brother of current Earth, Wind & Fire member Verdine White, and former member Fred White. His career began in 1961. He retired in 2014 due to his health.

White was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He was raised in Memphis and in Chicago, Illinois.

White served as the band's main songwriter and record producer, and was co-lead singer (along with Philip Bailey).  White won seven Grammys, and was nominated for 21 Grammys in total.

White died in his sleep on February 4, 2016 from complications of Parkinson's disease. He died at his home in Los Angeles. He was aged 74.

## Other websites

- Kalimba Entertainment
- Kalimba Music
- Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Maurice White
- **image**: Maurice White 1982.jpg
- **caption**: Maurice White performing in 1982, with Earth, Wind, and Fire at the Ahoy Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- **background**: solo_singer
- **alias**: Reese
- **birth place**: Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **origin**: Chicago, Illinois, United States
- **genre**: soul music, Soul, funk music, funk, R&B, jazz
- **occupation**: Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer, arranger
- **instrument**: Vocals, kalimba, drums
- **years active**: 1961 – 2014
- **label**: Columbia Records, Columbia, Kalimba
- **associated acts**: Earth, Wind & Fire, Ramsey Lewis, The Emotions, Deniece Williams