juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Armbouts-Cappel

**Armbouts-Cappel** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,240 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Arnèke

**Arnèke** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,594 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Artres

**Artres** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,051 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Assevent

**Assevent** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,821 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Attiches

**Attiches** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 2,263 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Somatics

**Somatics** is a concept in alternative medicine where the human body and the movements relates with kinesthetic sense. Thomas Louis Hanna coined the term somatics in 1976.  Soma means "the body as perceived from within".
Aubencheul-au-Bac

**Aubencheul-au-Bac** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 521 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Auberchicourt

**Auberchicourt** () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 4,533 people lived there.

## Other websites

- INSEE commune file
Fourmies

**Fourmies** is a commune. It is in the Nord department in northern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Fourmies
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Streets of the French community Fourmies.jpg
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Fourmies (Nord).svg
- **arrondissement**: Avesnes-sur-Helpe
- **canton**: Fourmies
- **insee**: 59249
- **postal code**: 59610
- **mayor**: Mickaël Hiraux
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Sud Avesnois
- **elevation m**: 202
- **elevation min m**: 174
- **elevation max m**: 247
- **area km2**: 22.98
Hylomantis granulosa

The **granular leaf frog** (_Hylomantis granulosa_) is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it up in as high as 700 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in forests. It can live in forests that grow back after they are cut down. It can live by the edges of forests. The female frog lays eggs in cracks in rocks or on low branches. The tadpoles swim in streams or ponds that dry up for part of the year.

Scientists do not think this frog is in danger of dying out, but human beings do cut down the forests where it lives to make farms, places for animals to eat grass, and towns.
Hyphy

**Hyphy** is a type of West Coast hip hop music and culture. Hyphy started in Oakland, California and became popular in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 2000s.

The word hyphy was first created by American rapper Keak da Sneak. Other popular hyphy artists are Mac Dre, E-40 and Mistah F.A.B.. Many people view Mac Dre as the pioneer of the hyphy movement.

Street racing, ghost riding and car stunt performances called "sideshows" are well known things in the hyphy movement.

People will also "go dumb" or "get stupid", meaning to dance and make loud noises.
Nasal cycle

The **nasal cycle** is the alternating partial nasal congestion and decongestion of the nose cavities. It occurs in humans and other mammals. The individual is usually not aware that it happens.

It results in greater airflow through one nostril, and regular alternation between the nostrils. The hypothalamus selectively activates each half of the autonomic nervous system in turn. The phenomenon is quite normal.

## What happens

The cilia of the congested side suspend their motility until that side decongests. The cycle means that, at any time, one side of the nose is moist, and moistens the incoming air. This is one of the three functions of the nose. The other two are the filtration and warming of fresh air before it gets to the lungs.

It is not entirely clear what the benefit is of this system.
Bread and butter

**Bread and butter** is a dessert that was usually made from bread and custard.
Melon Day

**Melon Day** is a holiday in Turkmenistan that has happened since 1994, on the second Sunday every August. It celebrates the Turkmenbashi melon (named after the country's first president's preferred name), a crossbreed muskmelon. Its smell, taste and big size are praised. In the capital of Ashgabat, there are a big display of all versions of the fruit and dance and music events.

In 2004, Saparmurat Niyazov told farmers "Almighty God has turned Turkmen soil into a fertile source of an abundance of the tastiest fruits. Among them are Turkmen melons, which are the result of farmers' hard work and which have a unique taste reminiscent of the fruit of paradise." Newspapers say he has said "The Turkmen melon is the source of our pride. Its taste has no equals in the world, the smell makes your head spin."

Melon Day is one of the 24 public holidays in Turkmenistan. Normal titles for these include Drop of Water is a Grain of Gold Festival, Festival of the Poetry of Magtymguli, Good Neighborliness Day, Racing Horse Day, and Carpet Day.

## Related pages

- Public holidays in Turkmenistan

## Other websites

- Niyazov's address on the occasion of the Turkmen Melon Day
- Turkmen leader inspires devotion to melon BBC, August 11, 2003.
- Turkmenistan celebrates 'Melon Day' UPI, August 11, 2002.
- Turkmenistan celebrates Melon Day Al Jazeera, August 23, 2005.

## Infobox (holiday)

- **holiday name**: Melon Day
- **duration**: 1 day
- **frequency**: annual
- **observedby**: Turkmenistan
- **date**: Second Sunday in August
- **type**: National
- **week ordinal**: second
- **weekday**: Sunday
- **month**: August
- **firsttime**: 1994
Maryna Zolatava

**Maryna Zolatava** (, ) (born on November 6, 1977, in Minsk, Belarus) is a journalist and political prisoner from Belarus. In 2004 she became the main editor of TUT.BY. Nasha Niva named her the person of the year in 2018.

## Early life, education and career

She was born in Minsk in 1977. She has had two graduations. One graduation was at the Belarusian State University. Zolatava got a diploma in the field of philology there. The second graduation was in relation to postgraduate education. She got her learning done at the Institute of Linguistics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. She speaks Bulgarian as a third language.

She worked at the Institute of Science Problems and the news agency BelaPAN. She came to work for TUT.BY in the spring of 2004. She became the main editor of the website in the same year.

### "BelTA case"

On August 7, 2018, the TUT.BY office was looked for. Zolatava got locked up after that. The police said that people were getting news from the Belarusian Telegraph Agency (government-run organization that makes news in Belarus) without money for its subscription. She was charged under Part 2 of Article 425 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus (inaction of a key person). On March 4, 2019, Minsk Zavodskoy District Court found Zolatava guilty. She was sentenced to pay a fine in 300 basic units. The organizations of the European Union (the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Federica Mogherini, the Council of Europe, the Foreign Office of Germany and others), the representative of the United Nations on Belarus Miklós Haraszti, the United States, and international human rights organizations said bad words on the "BelTA case."

### Political persecution (from 2021)

She was arrested on May 18, 2021. Other employees of TUT.BY were arrested with her too. A criminal procedure was opened against all of them. Her indictment is collaboration in tax evasion.

On May 25, 2021, nine organizations (the Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Association of Journalists, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee and others) made a statement together. They named her a political prisoner. On September 14, 2021, support for the political prisoner was undertaken by Alois Rainer, member of the German Bundestag.

In March 2023, Zolotova was sentenced to 12 years in a general regime penal colony.

She was released and deported to Ukraine on 13 December 2025, after the US deal with the Lukashenko regime, among 123 political prisoners.

## Awards

- "Person of the Year" by Nasha Niva (2018)
- The Ales Lipay (the person who made BelaPAN) Prize "Honor of Journalism" (2019)

## Thoughts

The widow of Yuri Zisser (the person who made the web portal TUT.BY) Yulia Charnyauskaya named Zolotova “the mother of TUT.BY.”

## Personal life

She is married, has a daughter Nadzieja and a son Fyodar.

## Other websites

- Maryna Zolatava's page on the website of the Viasna Human Rights Centre
Public holidays in Turkmenistan

The Constitution of Turkmenistan says what **public holidays in Turkmenistan** there are.

## Main

- New Year's Day (January 1)
- International Women's Day (March 8)
- Nowruz (March 21–22)
- State Flag and Constitution Day (May 18)
- Independence Day (September 27)
- Day of Remembrance (October 6)
- Day of Neutrality (December 12)
- Moving Holiday Eid al-Fitr
- Moving Holiday Eid al-Adha

## Professional

- Memorial Day (January 12)
- Defender of the Fatherland Day (January 27)
- Day of Remembrance of National Heroes of Turkmenistan in the 1941-1945 World War (May 9)
- Day of Revival, Unity, and the Poetry of Magtymguly (May 18–19)
- Carpet Day (Last Sunday in May)
- Day of Turkmen Workers of Culture and Art (June 27)
- Third Sunday in July – Galla Bayramy (celebration of the wheat harvest)
- Day of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (May 29)
- Border Guards Day (August 11)
- Day of the Workers in the Oil, Gas, Power, and Geological Industry (Second Saturday in September)
- Turkmen Bakhshi Day (Second Sunday in September)
- Day of the Worker in the Organs of National Security (September 30)
- Day of the Navy (October 9)
- Health Day (First Saturday in November)

## Other

- Turkmen Melon Day (Second Sunday in August)
- Good Neighborliness Day (First Sunday in December)
- Day of Remembrance of the First President of Turkmenistan Saparmurat Niyazov

## References

- _Independent Neutral Turkmenistan: 10 Glorious Years of the Epoch of Turkmenbashi the Great_, Ashgabat, 2001, pp. 49–51 .
- _Turkmenistan to the Heights of the Golden Age_, Ashgabat, 2005, p. 44.
- _Statistical Yearbook of Turkmenistan 2000-2004_, National Institute of State Statistics and Information of Turkmenistan, Ashgabat, 2005, pp. 6–7.

## Other websites

- Holidays in Turkmenistan
Bonney Lake, Washington

**Bonney Lake** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
Buckley, Washington

**Buckley** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
DuPont, Washington

**DuPont** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
Bentonia, Mississippi

**Bentonia** is a small town in Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States.
Ptahhotep

**Ptahhotep** sometimes known as **Ptahhotep** I or **Ptahhotpe**, was an ancient Egyptian who served his pharaoh during the late 25th century BC in Egypt's history.

He wrote _The Maxims of Ptahhotep_, an early piece of Egyptian "wisdom literature" meant to instruct young men.

## Further reading

- Nicolas Grimal, _A History of Ancient Egypt_, Blackwell Publishing, 1992

## Infobox (egyptian dignitary)

- **name**: Ptahhotep
- **style**: Vizier
- **dynasty**: Fifth Dynasty of Egypt, 5th Dynasty
- **pharaoh**: Djedkare Isesi
- **wife**: Khamerernebty
- **children**: Akhethetep (son of Ptahhotep), Akhethotep
- **burial**: A mastaba in Saqqara
2 States (2014 movie)

***2 States*** is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film based on Chetan Bhagat's 2009 novel _2 States: The Story of My Marriage_ and written by Abhishek Varman and Bhagat. Directed by Varman in his directorial debut, the film was jointly produced by Karan Johar and Sajid Nadiadwala. It stars Arjun Kapoor and Alia Bhatt in lead roles and Ronit Roy, Revathi, Amrita Singh and Shiv Kumar Subramaniam in supporting roles.

It was released on 18 April 2014 to positive reviews and became a huge critical and commercial success. Everyone loved the music, cast performances, story and direction, and as a result, the film earned  in worldwide markets.

## Cast

- Alia Bhatt as Ananya Krish Malhotra (née Swaminathan), Krish's wife, Shiv and Radha's daughter.
- Arjun Kapoor as Krish Malhotra, Ananya's husband, Kavita and Vikram's son.
- Amrita Singh as Kavita Malhotra (Krish's mother)
- Ronit Roy as Vikram Malhotra (Krish's father)
- Revathi as Radha Swaminathan (Ananya's mother)
- Shiv Kumar Subramaniam as Shiv Swaminathan (Ananya's father)
- Sharang Natrajan as Manju Swaminathan (Ananya's brother)
- Amit Bhargav as Harish (Ananya's proposed husband)
- Achint Kaur as Shipra Mehra (Krish's aunt)
- Dilip Merala as Mohit Oberoi (Krish's classmate)
- Aru Krishansh Verma as Duke
- Bikramjeet Kanwarpal as Rajji Mama
- Neil Shah as Ramanuj
- Madhu Anand Chandhock as Duke's Mother

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: 2 States
- **caption**: Theatrical release poster
- **director**: Abhishek Varman
- **producer**: Karan Johar
Sajid Nadiadwala
- **writer**: **Story:**
Chetan Bhagat
Abhishek Varman
**Dialogues:**
Hussain Dalal
- **screenplay**: Abhishek Varman
- **starring**: Arjun Kapoor
Alia Bhatt
- **music**: **Songs:**
Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy
**Background Score:**
Tubby-Parik
- **cinematography**: Binod Pradhan
- **editing**: Namrata Rao
- **studio**: Dharma Productions
Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment
- **distributor**: UTV Motion Pictures
- **released**: (India)
- **runtime**: 150 minutes
- **country**: India
- **language**: Hindi
- **budget**: 320 million
- **gross**: 1.75 billion
Sara Innamorato

**Sara G. Innamorato** (born April 1986, Ross Township, Pennsylvania) is an American politician. In 2018, Innamorato was elected into the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. From January 2019 onwards, she was the Representative from the House of Representatives' 21st district. She is a member of the United States' Democratic Party

## Career

Before starting politics, Innamorato began Innamo Company (a privately held and marketing company that has focus on "social good"). She then co-founded She Runs SWPA. That organization was not connected with any political party. She Runs SWPA wants women and girls to run for any office related to politics and federal government.

### Elections

- 2018

Innamorato was a member of the United States' Democratic Socialists of America. She won the Democratic Party's nomination. She defeated the incumbent Don Costa in the 2018 primary election while having just over 64% of the vote.

Innamorato was unopposed in the 2018 general election. She later said: "My district, which I know is like white working class, poor folk, who are racist, because it’s so much easier for them to look to their side and say, ‘I’m going to blame that person.'" The Costa campaign head Gary Britcher then said that Innamorato had called the district "racist". Innamorato's point was that white working class voters "are being exploited from all sides" by economic and political elites who play on racial tensions to distract them from issues of economic injustice. "Racism exists everywhere," she said. "My job is to represent everyone, and to not shy away from tough conversations."

Innamorato got almost 85% of the vote in the general election.

- 2020
Innamorato's opponent was Stephen Zappala III for the Democratic Party nomination. He is the son of the Allegheny County District Attorney. He quietly withdrew his campaign the next month. Innamorato was unopposed on the ballot for the Democratic Party nomination.
The Dream Team (movie)

***The Dream Team*** is a 1989 American comedy-drama movie directed by Howard Zieff and starring Michael Keaton, Christopher Lloyd, Peter Boyle, Stephen Furst, Lorraine Bracco, Milo O'Shea, Larry Pine, Jack Duffy, Philip Bosco, Michael Lembeck, Lizabeth MacKay and was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Second Fiddle (1957 movie)

***Second Fiddle*** is a 1957 British comedy movie directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Adrienne Corri, Thorley Walters, Lisa Gastoni, Richard Wattis, Bill Fraser, Brian Nissen, Jill Melford, Johnny Briggs, Frederick Piper.
Shaka era

This calendar was started by King Shalivahana in 78 A.D. It was also known as Shaka era as it was the tribe that Shalivahana was in. Historians are confused of whether or not Shalivahana was Shaka himself or conquered Shaka. The Shaka calendar is both solar and lunar with the lunar month having the same number of months as the Vikram era. It begins on 22 March every year except in the Gregorian leap year which start on 21 March. The number of days in the Shaka era is 365.
Undercover Doctor

***Undercover Doctor*** is a 1939 American crime movie directed by Louis King and starring Lloyd Nolan, Janice Logan, J. Carrol Naish, Heather Angel, Broderick Crawford, Stanley Price, Richard Carle, Raymond Hatton, John Eldredge, George Meeker, Paul Fix, Richard Denning. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Phrynomedusa appendiculata

The **Santa Catarina leaf frog** or **Lutz's Phyllomedusa** (_Phrynomedusa appendiculata_) is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it between 800 and 1000 meters above sea level.

Scientists last saw this frog in 2012 in a park called the Parque Estadual Nascentes do Paranapanema. Scientists believe this frog is in big danger of dying out. They may all be dead now. Scientists believe that some frogs may still be alive in Serra do Mar, where there are forests in protected parks. Scientists believe the frogs died because of sickness and dirty air and humans changing the forests where they lived from coal mining. Scientists are worried that people will try to catch these frogs to sell as pets because the frog is so colorful and rare and because many other frogs in _Phrynomedusa_ are sold as pets, but the scientists are not sure if it is happening now.

This frog needs healthy rainforest where the tree branches come together like a roof.  The frog sits on smaller plants. The female frog lays her eggs on leaves over water. The tadpoles fall into the water when they hatch. Scientists have seen the frogs laying eggs in ponds where the water looks black.
Huaycán

**Huaycán** is a town of Lima, Peru, located in Ate District. Huaycán is also a notable archaeological site.

It has a population of over 160,000 inhabitants.
Nonlinear system

In mathematics and science, a **nonlinear system** is a system, where the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. In nature, most systems are non-linear.

Nonlinear problems are interesting to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many other scientists. In nature, most systems are nonlinear. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describe changes in variables over time. Such systems  may appear chaotic, unpredictable, or counterintuitive. Linear systems are much simpler.

A **nonlinear system of equations** is used to mathematically describe a nonlinear system. This is  set of equations in which the unknowns (or the unknown functions in the case of differential equations) appear as variables of a polynomial of degree higher than one or in the argument of a function which is not a polynomial of degree one. In other words, in a nonlinear system of equations, the equation(s) to be solved cannot be written as a linear combination of the unknown variables or functions that appear in them. Systems can be defined as nonlinear, regardless of whether known linear functions appear in the equations. In particular, a differential equation is _linear_ if it is linear in terms of the unknown function and its derivatives, even if nonlinear in terms of the other variables appearing in it.

Nonlinear dynamical equations are difficult to solve. For this reason, they are commonly approximated using linear equations. If only limited accuracy or a range of the input values is required,  this works well. The problem is  that it hides interesting phenomena such as solitons, chaos, and singularities.

Although such chaotic behavior may appear random, it is in fact not random. For example, some aspects of the weather are seen to be chaotic, where simple changes in one part of the system produce complex effects throughout. This nonlinearity is one of the reasons why accurate long-term forecasts are impossible with current technology.

Some authors use the term **nonlinear science** for the study of nonlinear systems. This term is disputed by others:
Discovery Kids (Latin American TV channel)

**Discovery Kids** (stylized as **DK**) is a Latin American pay television channel. It is owned by Discovery Kids The channel is headquartered in Miami, Florida. It started as a programming block on the Latin American version of Discovery Channel.

The channel is divided into six live feeds: Pan-regional, Colombia, Southern, Chile, Mexico and Brazil. Each feed has their own HD feeds. Until 2019, the channel had an HD version with a different schedule broadcasting to all Latin America. The network is also available in the Caribbean and Puerto Rico.

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Discovery Kids
- **logo caption**: Estamos en Modo Kids
- **logo**: Discovery Kids 2021 2D Gradient.svg
- **picture format**: 1080i High-definition television, HDTV

- **owner**: Warner Bros. Discovery Americas
- **country**: Latin America
- **language**: Spanish language, Spanish
Portuguese language, Portuguese
English language, English
- **area**: Latin America
Brazil
The Caribbean
- **headquarters**: Miami, Florida, United States
- **former names**: Discovery Kids Channel (1996–1997)
- **sister channels**: Cartoon Network (Latin American TV channel), Cartoon Network
Cartoonito (Latin American TV channel), Cartoonito
Rede Globo (Latin American TV channel), Rede Globo
Tooncast
- **website**: [https://web.archive.org/web/20221212013906/http://www.discoverykidsplus.com/ Discovery Kids Latin America]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20221224012334/http://www.discoverykidsplus.com.br/ Discovery Kids Brazil]
- **online serv 1**: OneLink Communications
- **online chan 1**: Channel 60
Marion Zimmer Bradley

**Marion Zimmer Bradley** was an American author of science fiction, fantasy and science fantasy. She was born in Albany, New York on June 3, 1930. Her parents were Leslie Raymond Zimmer, a carpenter and Evelyn Zimmer, a historian. They were not a financially secure family. They had financial problems because they lived during the Great Depression of the 1930s.

As a child, Bradley liked reading. She wrote science fiction and fantasy stories which were published in her school. Her goal was still to become an opera singer. Over time her works and participation in speculative fiction brought her recognition as a writer.

Bradley is most famous for her novel _The Mists of Avalon_ and her _Darkover_ novels.

## Other websites

- Marion Zimmer Bradley Literary Works Trust
Q (Star Trek)

**Q** is the name of a fictional character from _Star Trek_.  It is also the name of his race.  Q appears in _Next Generation_, _Deep Space Nine_, _Voyager_, and _Lower Decks_ and in related media. John de Lancie plays the Q character. He is an extra-dimensional being.  The human characters do not know how he came to exist.  He has power over time, space, the laws of physics, and reality itself.  He is capable of changing reality and even the past when he wants to. Q only sometimes uses contractions in his speech.

Star Trek uses the name "Q" for the names of all the individuals from the Q species.  All male and female Q  characters refer to each other as "Q." They also call their whole race "Q" and call their home "the Q Continuum" – an alternate dimension accessible to only the Q and people they choose to bring there. The true nature of the realm is said to be beyond the comprehension of "lesser beings" such as humans. When humans go there, they see it in ways they can understand; e.g., a run-down gas station in the "middle of nowhere."

Beginning with the pilot episode "Encounter at Farpoint" of _The Next Generation_, Q became a recurring character.  Most of his scenes are both dramatic and funny.  He enjoys annoying Jean-Luc Picard, the serious human captain of the Enterprise D. He serves as a major antihero throughout _The Next Generation_. He is an important part of both the first and last episodes of the show. Q is first presented as a cosmic force judging humanity to see if it is becoming a threat to the universe. However, as the series continues, his role morphs more into one of a teacher to Picard and the human race generally, although he often does this in ways that seem destructive or disruptive or meant for his own fun. Other times, notably during "Deja Q" and _Voyager_, Q appears to the crew seeking assistance.  For example, one time all the other Q turned Q human as a punishment.

Gene Roddenberry chose the letter "Q" in honor of his friend Janet Quarton.
Louis Hasley

**Louis Leonard Hasley** (November 3, 1906 – May 1986) was an American writer, poet, essayist, editor, and critic. He was also a professor of English at the University of Notre Dame from 1931 to 1973. He was married to Lucile Hasley, who was also a writer.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America
Fred Hasley

**Fred J. Hasley** (December 5, 1884 – April 4, 1939) was an American typesetter from Milwaukee. He served one term as a Socialist member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

## Early life

Hasley was born in Milwaukee on December 5, 1884. He was educated in the Milwaukee Public Schools and he graduated in 1900. He went into the printer's trade. He became a member of the Typographical Union Local 23 in 1904. Hasley was elected to the Assembly in 1920.
Hasley

**Hasley** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

- Fred Hasley (1884–1939), American typesetter and politician
- Louis Hasley (1906–1986), American professor, writer, poet, essayist, editor, and critic
Fruit preserves

**Fruit preserves** is the name of specially prepared fruit, where sugar, and sometimes acid, is used to make the fruit last longer. They are often used as a spread.

Sugar is used to preserve sweet fruits, but vinegar is used for savoury items. Fruit preserves have been used for a long time, since before refrigeration, to make food last longer.

Common examples of fruit preserves are jams, jellies, and marmalade.

## How to make preserves

There are many ways to make fruit preserves. Normally, chopped fruit is boiled with sugar and water. After the mixture gets hot enough, it will become firm after it cools down.

The preserves are poured into glass jars when they are still hot. After they cool down, a vacuum forms in the jar. This keeps the food fresh for a long time.
Phrynomedusa bokermanni

The **Bokermann's leaf frog** (_Phrynomedusa bokermanni_) is a frog that lives in Brazil.

Scientists only found one of these frogs. They found it in 1978.
1953 North Sea flood

On 31 January and 1 February 1953, large parts of the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom were flooded because of a storm. Over 2,500 people were killed.

## Infobox (flood)

- **name**: 1953 North Sea flood
- **image location**: Watersnoodramp 1953.jpg
- **image name**: Aftermath of the flood in Oude-Tonge, Goeree-Overflakkee, Netherlands
- **image size**: 240px
- **duration**: 31 January – 1 February 1953
- **total damages**: 9% of total Dutch farmland flooded, 30,000 animals drowned, 47,300 buildings damaged of which 10,000 destroyed
- **total fatalities**: 2,551
- **areas affected**: Netherlands, Belgium, United Kingdom
Lars Vilks

**Lars Vilks** (20 June 1946 – 3 October 2021) was a Swedish artist. He was best known for his mock drawings of the prophet Mohammed. Vilks was born in Helsingborg, Sweden.

Vilks died in a car accident on 3 October 2021 in Markaryd, Sweden at the age of 75.

## Infobox (artist)

- **image**: Lars Vilks (cropped).jpg
- **name**: Lars Vilks
- **caption**: Vilks at the site of _Nimis_ in Kullaberg
- **birth name**: Lars Endel Roger Vilks
- **birth place**: Helsingborg, Sweden
- **death place**: Markaryd, Sweden
- **field**: Conceptual art
Sculpture
- **works**: _Nimis_ (1980)
_Arx_ (1991)
Muhammad drawings (2007)
Erin Burnett OutFront

***Erin Burnett OutFront*** is a television news show on CNN. It is hosted by Erin Burnett. It started on October 3, 2011. It took over the time slot to replace _John King, USA_.
The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson

***The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson*** was an American late-night talk show. It was hosted by Craig Ferguson. It was on CBS. The show was on the air from 2005-2014.

On 8 September 2014, James Corden was announced as new host, replacing Ferguson. The show started on 23 March 2015, titled _The Late Late Show with James Corden_.
Edgewood, Washington

**Edgewood** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
Fife, Washington

**Fife** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
Fircrest, Washington

**Fircrest** is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States.
D-Day the Sixth of June

***D-Day the Sixth of June*** is a 1956 American World War II romance movie directed by Henry Koster and was based on the 1955 novel _The Sixth of June_ by Lionel Shapiro. It stars Robert Taylor, Richard Todd, Dana Wynter, Edmund O'Brien, Robert Gist, Richard Stapley and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Li (unit)

**Li** () is a Chinese unit of length. It is often used when talking about distance.
The Power and the Prize

***The Power and the Prize*** is a 1956 American drama movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Robert Taylor, Burl Ives, Mary Astor, Cedric Hardwicke, Charles Coburn, Elisabeth Muller. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1957.
Claudio Detto

**Claudio Detto** (born 28 August 1950 in Milan) is an Italian painter of contemporary art.

## Biography

Born in Milan on August 28, 1950, led towards free drawing from an early age, he grew up as a self-taught painter, made his debut in the mid-70s with pictorial tributes dedicated to the great masters of the 20th century, such as Giorgio Morandi, Amedeo Modigliani and Giorgio De Chirico. In the 90's, he also paints and collects works by important italian artists. He comes to informal art after experimenting with different, more figurative painting styles and after freeing himself from any stylistic scheme or cage, he changes the link with a defined image, he moves on to informal painting. It expresses an apparently instinctive painting, in continuous research.

## Bibliography

- Catalog, Artisti 2021, _Annuario internazionale d'arte contemporanea_, Editore Art Now.
- Monograph, Detto Claudio: arte moderna - looking for emotions, 2019.
- Catalog of Modern Art No. 56, in Giovanni Faccenda, "The Italian Astist from the early twentieth century to today"( Gli Artisti Italiani dal Primo Novecento ad Oggi) Giorgio Mondadori, Milan, 2011.
- Catalog, Atlante dell'Arte Contemporanea, De Agostini editore.
- Catalog, PITTURA BAZART, Collana di Pittura, vol.19, pp. 15,16,17,18,19-26.

## Other websites

- Biography on Artprice.com
- Biography on Queen Art Studio Gallery

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Claudio Detto
- **image**: Claudio Detto.jpg
- **birth place**: Milan, Italy
- **nationality**: Italian
- **occupation**: Painter
- **movement**: Contemporary art, Contemporary
- **website**: https://www.dettoartemoderna.it/
Schneider Electric

**Schneider Electric** is a multinational company based in France. It works in energy and automation industries in more than 100 countries.

The company was founded in 1836 as _Schneider & Cie_. It has been renamed as Schneider Electric in May 1999.

In 2021, it was called the most sustainable company in the world by Corporate Knights.
The Fighting Kentuckian

***The Fighting Kentuckian*** is a 1949 American western movie directed by George Waggner and starring John Wayne, Oliver Hardy, Vera Ralston, Philip Dorn, Marie Windsor, Hugo Haas, Paul Fix, Grant Withers, Mae Marsh, Jack Pennick. It was distributed by Republic Pictures.
Phrynomedusa fimbriata

The **spiny-knee leaf frog** (_Phrynomedusa fimbriata_) is an extinct frog that lived in Brazil.  Scientists have only seen it in one place: Paranapiacaba.  It was last seen in the early 20th century. People saw it about 1000 meters above sea level.

Scientists believe that these frogs are dead because they have not seen any since the 1950s.  They think the frog probably lived in trees and laid its eggs in streams, but they are not sure. Scientists think this frog died because of a few things: air pollution from factories in Cubatão and a fungus called _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_. This is because the fungus can kill the frog _Phrynomedusa dryade_.
Decametre

A **decametre** (International spelling) (American spelling **dekameter** or **decameter**) is a unit of length equal to ten metres. Its symbol is the dam.

A decametre is not used very often. It is sometimes used to measure heights in meteorology, while a _cubic decametre_ is sometimes used for describing the volumes of rivers and lakes.

## Infobox (unit)

- **symbol**: dam
- **standard**: metric system, metric
- **quantity**: length
- **units1**: SI units
- **units2**: imperial units, imperial/US customary units, US units
- **inunits2**:
Elpistostegalia

**Elpistostegalia**, also known as **Panderichthyida**, is a type of prehistoric fish which lived about 385 to 374 million years ago.

## Why they evolved

A rise in the world's oxygen content caused predatory fish to evolve, and this fish was the most successful.

## What they evolved from

Below is a description of their evolutionary family tree.
Office chair

An **office chair** is a chair and furniture that is used in office buildings and homes. The office chair has 6 legs and can move around. an office chair can also be called a **desk chair**. You are able to change the height of the chair.

## Office chair design

They are made with leather, fabric, plastic, and/or more. They can come in colors like black, white, brown, blue, red, and more. Some office chairs offer head support. Ones that do not are called task chairs. They become not comfortable after a few hours. Expensive, or executive chairs can be sat in for many hours at a time. They also offer head support.
International Consortium of Investigative Journalists

The **International Consortium of Investigative Journalists** (**ICIJ**) is an independent international organization of more than 200 investigative journalists and 100 media organizations in over 70 countries. It was created in 1997 by the Center for Public Integrity in Washington, D.C., United States.
Pandora Papers

The **Pandora Papers** are 11.9 million leaked documents that were published by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) beginning on 3 October 2021. The leak showed financial deals of world leaders. Many leaders and billionaires were exposed over the offshore accounts in Panama, Switzerland and the UAE. This leak was bigger than the Panama Papers in 2016, which had 11.5 million confidential documents.

The size of the data, is 2.9 terabytes.
WHTZ

**WHTZ** is a Top-40/CHR radio station in New York City that broadcasts to the New York metropolitan area.

## Infobox (radio station)

- **name**: WHTZ
- **logo**: WHTZ logo.png
- **logo size**: 150px
- **city**: Newark, New Jersey
- **area**: New York metropolitan area
- **branding**: Z100
- **slogan**: New York's #1 Hit Music Station
- **format**: Contemporary hit radio, Top 40/CHR
- **language**: American English, English
- **class**: B
- **licensing authority**: Federal Communications Commission, FCC
- **facility id**: 59953
- **callsign meaning**: **H**i**TZ**
- **former callsigns**: WVNJ-FM (1961–83)
- **affiliations**: iHeartRadio
Premiere Networks
- **owner**: iHeartMedia
- **licensee**: iHM Licenses, LLC
Daimaou Kosaka

, better known by his stage names  and , is a Japanese comedian, television personality and entertainer. He is best known for his single  "PPAP (Pen-Pineapple-Apple-Pen)".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Daimaou Kosaka
- **image**: Daimaō Kosaka.jpg
- **native name**: 古坂大魔王
- **native name lang**: ja
- **birth name**: Kazuhito Kosaka (古坂 和仁)
- **birth place**: Aomori, Japan
- **nationality**: Japanese people, Japanese
- **other names**: Pikotaro
- **alma mater**: Japan Institute of the Moving Image
- **occupation**: Comedian, recording artist
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **employer**: Avex Group
- **known for**: "PPAP (Pen-Pineapple-Apple-Pen)"
Muryou Hatakaminami in Mashin Sentai Kiramager, Kiramager
- **children**: 2
- **footnotes**: **Same year/generation as:**
Cream Stew (comedy duo), Cream Stew
Ardem Patapoutian

**Ardem Patapoutian** (; born 1967) is an Armenian-American molecular biologist and neuroscientist. He is known for his works about PIEZO1, PIEZO2, and TRPM8 receptors. He is a professor at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California.

Patapoutian won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2021 with David Julius.

## Other websites

- Ardem Patapoutian, PhD at Scripps Research (scripps.edu)
- The Patapoutian Lab (patapoutianlab.org)
- CV Patapoutian
- Ardem Patapoutian, PhD at Howard Hughes Medical Institute (hhmi.org)
- Ardem Patapoutian  in _Academic Tree_ (neurotree.org)

## Infobox (academic)

- **name**: Ardem Patapoutian
- **image**: Ardem Patapoutian at Scripps in 2022 01.jpg
- **birth place**: Beirut, Lebanon
- **awards**: Nobel Prize for Medicine (2021)
- **workplaces**: Scripps Research
David Julius

**David Julius** (born November 4, 1955) is an American physiologist. He is known for his work on molecular mechanisms of pain sensation and heat. He is a professor at the University of California, San Francisco.

Julius won the 2010 Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine and the 2020 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences. He also won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Ardem Patapoutian.

## Other websites

- Website at UCSF

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: David Julius
- **image**: davidjuliuswithsnake.jpg
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **fields**: Physiology Biochemistry Neuroscience
- **workplaces**: Columbia University
University of California, San Francisco
- **alma mater**: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of California, Berkeley
- **doctoral advisor**: Jeremy Thorner
Randy Schekman
- **academic advisors**: Richard Axel

Alexander Rich
- **known for**: Identification of Kex2 prohormone convertase; Cloning of  serotonin and purinergic receptors; Discovery of noxious hot, cold, and irritant receptors
- **awards**: Nobel Prize for Medicine (2021)
- **spouse**: Holly Ingraham
- **children**: 1
Earle Wells

**Earle Leonard Wells** (27 October 1933 – 1 October 2021) was a New Zealand Olympic gold medalist. He competed in yachting. Wells won the Flying Dutchman class at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Wells was born in Auckland. He died on 1 October 2021, at the age of 87.
Ioannis Palaiokrassas

**Ioannis Palaiokrassas** (; 27 March 1934 – 2 October 2021) was a Greek politician. He was a Minister for Finance and a European Commissioner from 1993 until 1994.

Palaiokrassas died on 2 October 2021 at the age of 85.
Granma (newspaper)

***Granma*** is the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party. It was formed in 1965. Publication of the newspaper began in February of 1966. Its name comes from the yacht _Granma_ that carried Fidel Castro during the Cuban Revolution.
Kitab al-Futuh

**Kitab al-Futūh** () is an important hadith and akhbari collection, compiled by Sayf ibn Umar. It is al-Tabari's main source for the Ridda wars and the early Muslim conquests. It also contains important information on the structure of early Muslim armies and government.

Currently, a facsimile edition of the fragments preserved in the Al-Imam University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

## Etymology

The Arabic word _Kitab_ (), literally means 'book' or 'revelation'. It is derived from the Semitic root K-T-B () which is related to writing. The Arabic definite article _al-_ usually means 'of' or 'the'. Futuh ()  is the plural noun of the Arabic word _Fatah (_) which means 'conquest'.

## History

Sayf ibn Umar, the compiler of the book, was from Kufa and lived in Baghdad. He traveled throughout Iraq during the rule of the Abbasid Caliphate.

## Contents

The book primarily discuss the early Muslim conquests and wars. It also features information about the assassination of the third caliph Uthman. Abdullah ibn Saba and his followers are mentioned in the book as well. The work also contains a brief account, on the authority of Ibn Abbas, of the way in which Paul corrupted Christian doctrines by persuading three of his followers, Yaqūb, Nasṭūr and Malkūn, of the divinity of Īsā (Jesus).

## Reliability

Sayf ibn Umar is considered reliable. W. F. Tucker and Ella Landau-Tasseron note that although Sayf may have been an unscrupulous hadith collector, this should not detract from his general reliability as a transmitter of historical information (akhbārī). Tucker adds that accusations of bias could equally be leveled at other akhbārīs contemporary to Sayf, including the Shi'a historian Abu Mikhnaf. Fuat Sezgin, Albrecht Noth, and Martin Hinds have also challenged Wellhausen's views and placed Sayf on an equal footing with other traditionalists. Linda D. Lau and A. R. Armush also regard Sayf ibn Umar as reliable and accept his accounts and the role of the Saba'iyya at the Battle of the Camel.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Kitab al-Futuh
- **author**: Sayf ibn Umar
- **orig lang code**: ar
- **language**: Arabic language, Arabic
- **genre**: Hadith and Futuh
Renán Fuentealba Moena

**Tulio Renán Fuentealba Moena** (19 April 1917 – 1 October 2021) was a Chilean politician and lawyer. He was born in Talcahuano, Chile. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 1957 until 1965. He was also President of Christian Democratic Party between 1961 until 1965 and again from 1972 until 1973. Fuentealba Moena was a Senator from 1965 until 1973.

Fuentealba Moena died on 1 October 2021 in Santiago de Chile at the age of 104. He was hospitalized the month before for heart failure.
Nora Gúnera de Melgar

**Alba Nora Gúnera Osorio** (1942 – 1 October 2021) was a Honduran politician. She was the wife of General Juan Alberto Melgar, the Honduran military Head of State from 1975 to 1978. She was elected mayor of Tegucigalpa in 1990 and left office in 1994. She ran for presidency for the National Party in 1997 elections. From 2007 until 2014, she was a member of the National Congress of Honduras.

Gúnera de Melgar died on 1 October 2021 in Tegucigalpa at the age of 78.
Juan Alberto Melgar Castro

**Juan Alberto Melgar Castro** (20 June 1930 – 2 December 1987) was a Honduran military officer. He was the head of state of Honduras from 22 April 1975 to 7 August 1978. He was removed from power by others in the military.

Melgar Castro died in San Pedro Sula, Honduras on 2 December 1987 from a heart attack, aged 57.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: General officer, General
- **name**: Juan Alberto Melgar
- **office**: President of Honduras
- **term start**: 22 April 1975
- **term end**: 7 August 1978
- **predecessor**: Oswaldo López Arellano
- **successor**: Policarpo Paz García
- **birth name**: Juan Alberto Melgar Castro
- **birth place**: Marcala, Honduras
- **death place**: San Pedro Sula, Honduras
- **nationality**: Honduran
- **party**: Military
- **spouse**: Nora Gúnera de Melgar
- **profession**: Military, Politician
National Congress of Honduras

The **National Congress**  () is the legislative branch of the government of Honduras.

The Honduran Congress is a unicameral legislature. Its members are 128 deputies, who are elected to serve four-year terms.

Congress meets in a purpose-built legislative palace _(Palacio Legislativo)_ in the centre of Tegucigalpa.

## Infobox (parliament)

- **name**: National Congress of Honduras
- **house type**: Unicameral
- **leader1 type**: Speaker of the National Congress of Honduras, President
- **leader1**: Mauricio Oliva
- **party1**: National Party of Honduras, National Party
- **election1**: 25 January 2014
- **members**: 128
- **political groups1**: **Government** (67)
* National Party of Honduras, National Party (61)
* Honduran Patriotic Alliance (4)
* Christian Democratic Party of Honduras, Christian Democratic Party (1)
*
**Opposition** (61)
* Liberty and Refoundation, LIBRE (30)
* Liberal Party of Honduras, Liberal Party (26)
* Innovation and Unity Party (4)
* Anti-Corruption Party (1)
- **structure1**: National Congress of Honduras composition 2017.svg
- **structure1 res**: 300px
- **voting system1**: Open list Party-list proportional representation, proportional representation
- **last election1**: Honduran general election, 2017, 26 November 2017
- **next election1**: 28 November 2021
- **meeting place**: Tegucigalpa
- **logo pic**:
Fred Hill (footballer, born 1940)

**Frederick Hill** (17 January 1940 – 1 October 2021) was an English footballer who played at both professional and international levels as an inside forward. He played for Halifax Town, Manchester City and Peterborough United, making over 500 appearances in the Football League.

Hill played for the England national team in 1962.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Fred Hill
- **fullname**: Frederick Hill
- **birth place**: Sheffield, England
- **death place**: Bolton, England
- **position**: Inside forward
- **youthyears1**: 1956–1957
- **youthclubs1**: Bolton Wanderers F.C., Bolton Wanderers
- **years1**: 1957–1969
- **clubs1**: Bolton Wanderers F.C., Bolton Wanderers
- **caps1**: 375
- **goals1**: 74
- **years2**: 1969–1970
- **clubs2**: Halifax Town A.F.C., Halifax Town
- **caps2**: 25
- **goals2**: 3
- **years3**: 1970–1973
- **clubs3**: Manchester City F.C., Manchester City
- **caps3**: 35
- **goals3**: 3
- **years4**: 1973–1975
- **clubs4**: Peterborough United F.C., Peterborough United
- **caps4**: 75
- **goals4**: 7
- **clubs5**: Cork Hibernians F.C., Cork Hibernians
- **clubs6**: Droylsden F.C., Droylsden
- **clubs7**: Radcliffe Borough F.C., Radcliffe Borough
- **totalcaps**: 510
- **totalgoals**: 87
- **nationalteam1**: England national under-23 football team, England U23
- **nationalcaps1**: 10
- **nationalyears2**: 1962
- **nationalteam2**: England national football team, England
- **nationalcaps2**: 2
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
Sergey Danilin

**Sergey Danilin** (1 January 1960 – 4 October 2021) was a Soviet luger. He competed from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s. He was in four Winter Olympics. He won the silver medal in the men's singles event at Sarajevo in 1984.

Danilin died on 4 October 2021 at the age of 61.