juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Vrbas (river)

The **Vrbas** (Врбас)  is a river in the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the larger tributaries of river Sava. The Vrbas is about 250 km long. The drainage basin is around 6273 km<sup>2</sup>. The average flow at the mouth is 114 m<sup>3</sup>/s.

Vrbas starts from two springs on Ze Mountain (branch of Vranica), at 1715 m above sea level. Vrbas River cuts a composite valley, passing through Skopljanska valley, Vinačka klisura (gorge), Jajce valley, canyon valley Tijesno, Banja Luka valley, and a lower flow through  Lijevče polja (field).

The main left tributaries of the Vrbas are: Semešnica, Pliva, Black River and Krupa. The main right tributaries are Bistrica, Ugar, Svrakava, Vrbanja river, and Turjanica.

Its mouth is in Bosanska Gradiška.
Banja Luka

**Banja Luka** (Бања Лука), or **Banjaluka** is a city in the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located on the Vrbas river. It is the second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and many people say it is one of the country's most beautiful cities. It is the administrative center of the Republika Srpska and the economic and cultural center of this part of Bosnian Krajina.

Its elevation is 163 m, and its total area is 1,238.91 km<sup>2</sup>. According to the 2013 census, the City of Banja Luka has 185,042 inhabitants.

In the first century AD, Romans won the area of Banja Luka, which was then inhabited mainly members of Mezeji, an Illyrian tribe. This area was completely within the Roman province called Illyricum. Today, the city of Banja Luka is located on the road that led from Dalmatia to Pannonia, or from Salona to today's Bosanska Gradiška. Today's citadel Kastel, which is in what was the center of the city at the time, was a Roman military fortress.

Slavs settled Balkans and all of the current Banja Luka are in the sixth and seventh centuries, and they built several fortresses in the valley of the river Vrbas.  There are not many written records from that time.  The earliest Slavic settlement is also called "Vrbas," and it was first mentioned in 1320. The name of the town Banja Luka first appears in writing in 1494, in a work by Croatian-Hungarian King Vladislav. The name comes from _banjaluk_ that is the Turkish-Bosnian slang for "spaing." This is because of the natural hot water suitable for baths that still exist in today's oldest settlement, Gornji Šeher/Upper Seher. The city came under Ottoman rule in 1537.
Ugar (river)

The **Ugar**  (_Brzica_ until 1878) is a river of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a tributary of the Vrbas river.

The Ugar's length is around 44.5 kilometres. Its drainage basin is around 328 km<sup>2</sup>. Its largest right tributaries are: Pljačkovac, Ilomska, Kobilja, Zirin Potok and Kusin Potok (Ziro's and Kuso's creeks). The left tributaries are the creeks: namely Lužnica Potok, Dedića Potok, Andrijevića Potok, Bunar, Oraški Potok, and Kukavički Potok.

It starts at the slopes of Vlašić, upstream of Sažići and Melina villages. This is around 1590 meters above sea level. It is a watershed area of Vrbanja, Ilomska and Bila rivers. Its discharge is
Ilomska

**Ilomska** ( Иломска) is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is right tributary of the Ugar. It is about  in length. The river starts in Vlašić's Mountain. It is an essential body of water for surrounding wildlife.

Ilomska flows between the Žežnička Greda (altitude ) and Javorak () mountains. It has a curved flow around Lisina () and Runjavica () mountains, through  coniferous (fir and spruce) and mixed spuce-beech woods.

Its flow below Petrovo polje has sharp curves.

After two attractive waterfalls, Ilomska flows into the Ugar, a few kilometers downstream from Vitovlje village. The height of the bigger water flow is around 40 meters. Waterfalls in this wildness attract mountain-climbers, tourists, and fishermen.
Vlašić (mountain)

**Vlašić** (Влашић) is a mountain  in Dinaric Alps. It is in the very center of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its highest peak is Paljenik with an elevation of 1,943 m. It is famous for its pastures, cattle-breeding and cheese. It overlooks the town of Travnik.

The mountain is named for the Vlassi people (called Vlachs in Bosnia). They tended their sheep there since the end of the Roman Empire. They brought one of the trademarks to the area, Vlašić cheese, about the year 1,000. Originally they used sheep milk but later used milk from cows. It is left to ripen for up to three months. The area is also known for the Tornjak dog and Pramenka sheep. The Tornjak is believed to have existed for more than a thousand years. They are bred to guard the sheep from wolves and bears. The Tornjak's name comes from the Croatian word _tor_ which means "a fenced area for sheep."
Travnik

**Travnik**  (_Травник_) is a town in central Bosnia and Herzegovina,  west of Sarajevo. It is the capital of the Central Bosnia Canton. It is in the Travnik Municipality. In 2013, the town of Travnik had 16,534 residents. The Travnik metropolitan area population was 57,543 people. In 1699 it became the residence of the viziers of the Ottoman province of Bosnia.

Travnik is close to the geographic center of Bosnia and Herzegovina at . The river Lašva flows from west to east through the city. Travnik is in the Lašva valley. This valley connects the Bosna river valley to the Vrbas river valley.

Travnik is  above sea level. The Vilenica and Vlašić mountains are two of the geographical features found near Travnik. Vlašić mountain is at the very center of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its highest peak is Paljenik with an elevation of .

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Travnik
- **native name**: Травник
- **settlement type**: Town and Municipality
- **image skyline**: Travnik (collage image).jpg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **subdivision type2**: Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canton
- **subdivision name2**: Central Bosnia Canton, Central Bosnia
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **map caption**: Location of Travnik within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **image shield**: Coat of Arms of Travnik.png
- **image map**: Travnik Municipality Location.png
- **leader name**: Admir Hadžiemrić (Party of Democratic Action, SDA)
- **leader title**: Municipality president
- **area total km2**: 529
- **population total**: 16534
- **population as of**: 2013 census
- **population density km2**: 109
- **population urban**: 57543
- **elevation m**: 514
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 72270
- **area code**: (+387) 30
Central Bosnia Canton

The **Central Bosnia Canton** (, ) is the sixth of ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is in the center of the country, to the west of Sarajevo. The center of the canton government is in Travnik. According to the census of 2013, the population was 273,149 in the Central Bosnia Canton. This is a population density of 85.65/km<sup>2</sup>

The canton is split into the municipalities of Bugojno, Busovača, Dobretići, Donji Vakuf, Fojnica, Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje, Jajce, Kiseljak, Kreševo, Novi Travnik, Travnik, Vitez.

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Central Bosnia Canton
- **native name**: Srednjobosanski kanton Средњобосански кантонŽupanija Središnja Bosna
- **common name**: Central Bosnia
- **status**: Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **image flag**: Flag of Central Bosnia.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of Central Bosnia.svg
- **image map**: Central Bosnia in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg
- **capital**: Travnik
- **largest city**: Travnik
- **official languages**: Bosnian language, Bosnian and Croatian language, Croatian
- **ethnic groups**: 57.58% Bosniaks38.33% Croats1.19% Serbs2.90% others
- **ethnic groups year**: 2013
- **demonym**: Central Bosnian
- **government type**: Parliamentary system
- **leader title1**: Prime Minister
- **leader name1**: Tahir Lendo
- **legislature**: Assembly of the Central Bosnia Canton
- **sovereignty type**: Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **established event1**: Establishment
- **established date1**: 12 June 1996
- **area km2**: 3189
- **area sq mi**: 1231.3
- **population census**: 254,686
- **population census year**: 2013
- **population density km2**: 85.65
- **population density sq mi**: 221.84
- **gdp nominal**: Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, BAM 1,276.830 million
- **gdp nominal year**: 2013
- **gdp nominal per capita**: Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, BAM 4674.48
- **currency**: Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, BAM
- **time zone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **time zone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **date format**: dd-mm-yyyy
- **drives on**: right
West Sutton railway station

**West Sutton railway station** opened in 1930. The only operator for this station is Thameslink. This station is in Fare Zone 5.

## Platforms

There are two platforms for this station. Platform 1 is for trains towards Sutton (Surrey). Platform 2 is for trains towards Luton.

## Frequency

This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours.

### Up (northbound)

- 2 trains to Luton via Wimbledon station

### Down (southbound)

- 2 trains to Sutton (Surrey)

## Buses

London buses route 413 operates at this station.

## Departures

This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to get to the end of the line.

|Train|Towards|Calling Points|Approximate Journey Time|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Thameslink|Luton|Sutton Common railway station, St Helier, Morden South, South Merton, WImbledon Chase, Wimbledon station, Haydons Road, Tooting, Streatham, Tulse Hill, Herne Hill railway station, Loughborough Junction, Elephant and Castle, Blackfriars station, City Thameslink, Farringdon station, St Pancras station, Kentish Town, West Hampstead Thameslink, Cricklewood, Hendon, Mill Hill Broadway, Elstree & Borehamwood, Radlett, St Albans, Harpenden, Luton Airport|1 hour 49 minutes|
|Thameslink|Sutton (Surrey)|_Terminus_|3 minutes|

## Other websites

- Live Departure Boards - National Rail Enquiries
- http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/WSU/details.html

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: West Sutton
- **symbol**: rail
- **manager**: Thameslink
- **owner**: Network Rail
- **locale**: Sutton
- **borough**: London Borough of Sutton
- **image name**: West_Sutton_stn_look_north.JPG
- **caption**: Platform 2 of West Sutton station
- **platforms**: 2
- **fare zone**: 5
- **railcode**: WSU
- **years1**: 1930
- **events1**: West Sutton station opened
- **cyclepark**: Yes
Wallington railway station

**Wallington railway station** is a train station in the London Borough of Sutton in south London. It was  opened in 1847. The trains for this station are operated by Southern (train operating company). This station is in fare zone 5.

## Platforms

There are two platforms for this station. Platform 1 is for trains towards Victoria station via Crystal Palace and Norbury. Platform 2 is for trains towards Sutton (Surrey), Epsom and Epsom Downs.

## Frequency

This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours.

### Up (northbound)

- 6 trains to Victoria station including:
- 4 trains via Norbury and 2 trains via Crystal Palace

### Down (southbound)

- 4 trains to Sutton (Surrey)
- 1 train to Epsom
- 1 train to Epsom Downs

## Buses

London buses routes 127, 151, 157, 410, 455, 463, 612, 627, 633 and S4 operates at this station.

## Departures

This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to get to the end of the line.

|Train|Towards|Calling Points|Approximate Journey Time|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Southern (train operating company)|Victoria station|Waddon, West Croydon, Selhurst, Thornton Heath, Norbury, Streatham Common, Balham station, Wandsworth Common, Clapham Junction railway station, Battersea Park|38 minutes|
|Southern (train operating company)|Victoria Station via Crystal Palace|Waddon, West Croydon, Crystal Palace, Gipsy Hill, West Norwood, Streatham Hill, Balham station, Wandsworth Common, Clapham Junction railway station, Battersea Park|45 minutes|
|Southern (train operating company)|Epsom Downs|Carshalton Beeches railway station, Sutton (Surrey), Belmont, Banstead|17 minutes|
|Southern (train operating company)|Epsom|Carshalton Beeches railway station, Sutton (Surrey), Cheam, Ewell East|17 minutes|
|Southern (train operating company)|Sutton (Surrey)|Carshalton Beeches railway station|7 minutes|

## Other websites

- Live Departure Boards - National Rail Enquiries
- http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/WLT/details.html

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Wallington
- **symbol**: rail
- **manager**: Southern (train operating company), GTR Southern
- **owner**: Network rail
- **locale**: Sutton (Surrey)
- **borough**: London Borough of Sutton
- **image name**: Wallington_Station_02.JPG
- **caption**: Platform 2 of Wallington station
- **platforms**: 2
- **fare zone**: 5
- **railcode**: WLT
- **years1**: 1847
- **events1**: Wallington station opened
- **cyclepark**: Yes
Versace

**Versace S.p.A**, usually called **Versace**, is an Italian luxury fashion house. It was founded by Gianni Versace in 1978. One of the logos of the brand represents the head of Medusa.

Since the death of Gianni Versace in 1997, Donatella Versace is the head of designs. Her daughter Allegra Versace owns half of the company.
Nanotyrannus

***Nanotyrannus*** (meaning "dwarf tyrant") is an extinct genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaur. It was one of the last non-avian (not bird) dinosaurs to ever lives in Late Cretaceous, in Maastrichtian stage, between 67 to 66 milion years ago. It has long been argued that Nanotyrannus is nothing more than a juvenile of _Tyrannosaurus rex_ or a similar genus. The problem is that the very few skeletons found are all only fragmental. Most people believe it is a new genus of dinosaur and not just a juvenile Tyranosaurs. The type species, ***N. lancensis***, was originally named as species of _Gorgosaurus_ in 1946, but, reclassified as distinct and new taxon. A new study of 2025 suggered that _Nanotyrannus_ is a valid genus, and is not a related genera, and yes, a basal tyrannosaur of the distinct sole family **Nanotyrannidae**.

A second species, ***N. lethaeus***, It was proposed as a distinct species from the "Jane" (BMRP 2002.4.1) holotype specimen, which was previously believed to be part of the _N. lancensis_ specimens. The differences include a thinner skull and more robust body, as well as notable differences in the vertebrae of the spine and tail. Size of _N. lacensis_ is based in the proposed adult specimen "Bloody Mary" fossil, and is estimates in 5.5 meters (18 ft) long and 850 kg. _N. lethaeus_ is large than _N. lancensis_, based in holotype, he It would reach between 5.4 and 6 meters (18 to 19.7 feet) in length, with a similar weight, reaching 856 kg.

## Taxonomy

The first alleged specimen was found in Montana in 1942. It was thought to have been a _Gorgosaurus_, but it was reclassified in 1988. It was a bit smaller than a _Gorgosaurus_. Research has found that the Tyrannosaurids have grown to be robust and giant. _Nanotyrannus_ has a similar body shape to a young Tyrannosaur.

Additionally, calculations based on this Tyrannosaur’s sleek, fast, build, having projected it to be one of the fastest Dinosaurs, reaching top speeds in excess of 50 miles/hour. It would also have the capacity to run for longer based on the assumption that it has a bird-based respiratory tract, allowing it to breathe in and out at the same time, always supplying the lungs with oxygenated air.

Its speculated that it was a pack hunter and lived in groups of 2-5. It used its group in numbers to overwhelm bigger animals. It would also be capable of taking smaller prey down by its self. These assumptions are primarily made due to gregarious natures found in similar small tyrannosaurids, such as _Albertosaurus_ and _Gorgosaurus_.
Flåm

***Flåm*** is a village in Norway. It is in the municipality of Aurland in Sogn og Fjordane county.

The closest airport is Sogndal Airport, Haukåsen, which is about  from Flåm. The European route E16 highway between Oslo and Bergen runs through Flåm.

## Population

In 2014, the population was reported to be around 350.

## Other websites

- Visit Flåm

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Flåm
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: Aurlandsfjorden frå Snøvegen.jpg
- **image caption**: View of Aurlandsvangen and Flåm
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Sogn og Fjordane county
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Norway
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Norway, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Western Norway
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Norway, County
- **subdivision name2**: Sogn og Fjordane
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Norway, District
- **subdivision name3**: Sogn
- **subdivision type4**: List of municipalities of Norway, Municipality
- **subdivision name4**: Aurland
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +01:00
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +02:00
- **postal code type**: Post Code
- **postal code**: 5743 Flåm
- **elevation m**: 59
Laetitia Casta

**Laetitia Casta** (born 11 May 1978) is a French actress and model. She is a spokesmodel for L'Oréal since 1998. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 1998 to 2000.

## Career

In 1999, she had her first role in a movie. It was _Asterix & Obelix Take On Caesar_ by Claude Berri.

In 2008, she had a Swann d'Or for her rôle in the movie _Born in 68_.

In 2011, she was nominated for the César Award for best actress, for her role of Brigitte Bardot in the movie _Gainsbourg: A Heroic Life_.

In 2012, she was made Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by Frédéric Mitterrand.

Since 2014, she has a wax sculpture at the Musée Grévin, a wax museum in Paris.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Laetitia Casta
- **image**: Laetitia Casta Cannes 2016.jpg
- **caption**: Laetitia Casta in 2016.
- **birth name**: Laetitia Marie Laure Casta
- **birth place**: Pont-Audemer, Eure, France
- **nationality**: French people, French
- **occupation**: Actor, Actress
Model (person), Model
- **years active**: Since 1993
- **known for**: L'Oréal spokesmodel <small>(1998-)</small>
Victoria's Secret Angel <small>(1998-2000)</small>
- **notable works**: _Asterix & Obelix Take On Caesar_
_Gainsbourg: A Heroic Life_
- **relatives**: Marie-Ange Casta
- **awards**: Cabourg Film Festival, Swann d'Or
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Muck, Scotland

***Muck*** is an island in Scotland. It is the smallest main island of the Small Isles, which are part of the Inner Hebrides. There are about 27 people living on the island. Most of them live near Port Mòr.

## Other websites

- Isle of Muck website
North Rona

**North Rona** is an island in Scotland. It is in the Inner Hebrides.

It has an area of 109 hectares (270 acres). The maximum elevation is 108 metres (354 ft). No people live on the island.
Ischigualasto Provincial Park

**Ischigualasto Provincial Park** is a protected area in San Juan Province, north-western Argentina. The park is also called ***Valle de la Luna*** ("Valley of the Moon") due to its otherworldly appearance.

It contains the geological formation called the _Ischigualasto Formation_. The formation is also included in the Talampaya National Park in the La Rioja Province. The Ischigualasto Formation has fossils from the Triassic period. These are some of the oldest known dinosaur remains.

In 2000 UNESCO included Ischigualasto in its World Heritage Sites.

## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Ischigualasto Provincial Park
- **alt name**: Parque Provincial Ischigualasto
Valle de la Luna
- **photo alt**: The Submarine, wind-eroded rock formation
- **photo caption**: _The Submarine_, wind-eroded rock formation
- **photo width**: 280
- **location**: San Juan Province, Argentina, San Juan Province, Argentina
- **nearest city**: San José de Jáchal
- **map**: Argentina
- **map width**: 120
- **map alt**: Location in Argentina
- **map caption**: Location in Argentina
- **relief**: yes
- **area ha**: 60370
Martin Sjögren

**Martin Sjögren** (born 27 April 1977) is a Swedish football coach. He became the coach of the Norway women's national football team in 2016. He won the Damallsvenskan title with Linköpings FC in 2016, then agreed to take the Norway national team job.

## Other websites

- Profile at Linköpings FC
Port Mòr

**Port Mòr** is a harbor and settlement on the Isle of Muck in the Inner Hebrides off the West Coast of Scotland. It has a population of 27 people.

## Fossil evidence

In 2011, a fossil was discovered in Port Mor. It was a bony fish named _Moricus_ in 2015 after Port Mor, where it was discovered.
Andrew Kishino

**Andrew Kishino** (born March 20, 1970) is a Canadian voice actor with recent roles including Janja on _The Lion Guard_ and Saw Gerrera on _Star Wars: The Clone Wars_. It was also voice of boss in _Saints Row_.

## Personal life

He married to voice actress Vanessa Marshall in 2001 and broke up in 2007.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Andrew Kishino
- **image**: File:Andrew Kishino 2017.png
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **other names**: Big Kish
- **occupation**: Voice actor, rapper
- **years active**: 1991–present
Collonges, Switzerland

**Collonges** is a municipality of the district of Saint-Maurice in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Collonges
- **municipality name**: Collonges
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Collonges COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Collonges.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Saint-Maurice (district), Saint-Maurice
- **postal code**: 1903
- **municipality code**: 6211
- **area**: 12.2
- **elevation**: 452
- **population**: 508
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.collonges.ch
- **mayor**: Florian Darbellay
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bex (VD), Dorénaz, Evionnaz, Fully, Lavey-Morcles (VD), Saint-Maurice, Switzerland, Saint-Maurice
Dorénaz

**Dorénaz** is a municipality of the district Saint-Maurice in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Dorénaz
- **municipality name**: Dorénaz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Dorénaz-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Dorénaz.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Saint-Maurice (district), Saint-Maurice
- **postal code**: 1905
- **municipality code**: 6212
- **area**: 12.6
- **elevation**: 451
- **population**: 643
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.dorenaz.ch
- **mayor**: Daniel Fournier
- **neighboring municipalities**: Collonges, Switzerland, Collonges, Evionnaz, Fully, Martigny, Switzerland, Martigny, Vernayaz
Sutjeska National Park

The **Sutjeska National Park** is a national park in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is in the Republika Srpska. Established in 1962, it is Bosnia and Herzegovina's oldest national park.

The park includes the highest mountain in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Maglić. The park covers an area of about .

***Perućica Forest Reserve*** is located within the park. It is  long,  wide, and has an area of . It is a UNESCO recognized site. The forest has many trees that are 300 years old. It is a primeval forest.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Sutjeska National Park
- **iucn category**: II
- **photo**: Sutjeska Mountains.jpg
- **photo width**: 300
- **location**: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **nearest city**: Foča
- **map**: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **relief**: 1
- **area km2**: 175
- **established**: 1962
Cockpit (sailing)

A **cockpit** is a name for the location of the controls of a vessel. It is usually an open well in the deck of a boat outside the cabin. In modern boats a cockpit may refer to an enclosed area. Smaller boats typically have an _aft cockpit,_ towards the stern of the boat. Larger vessels may provide a _center cockpit_ with greater protection from the weather. On a recreational sailboat, the cockpit is often the safest place for the crew.

## History

In the Royal Navy, the term "cockpit" originally meant the place where the coxswain was stationed. This led to the word being used for the area near the stern of a small boat that houses the rudder controls. The midshipmen and master's mates were later assigned to sleep in the cockpit. It was also the place where the ship's surgeon and his mates were stationed during battle.
Gummy bear

A **gummy bear** is a small fruit gum candy that contains of things like **sugar, glucose syrup, gelatin, flavoring, and  food coloring,** and is made to look like a bear. It is often sticky.
Kruševo Brdo

**Kruševo Brdo** is a village in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. It belongs to the Municipality of Kotor Varoš. It is divided into Krševo Brdo I and II for administration.

This village is located at the beginning of the valley of the Vrbanja river.  It is on the northeastern slopes of the Vlašić mountain. It is  km to Šiprage and  to Kotor-Varoš.  The valley spreads along the Vrbanja river to its estuary in Vrbas (Banja Luka). The Ilomska river is north of Kruševo Brdo. All local roads descend into this place.

During the Bosnian War (1992–95), Bosnian Serb Police and Army forces destroyed Bosniaks's villages downstream along the Vrbanja from Kruševo Brdo, via Šiprage,  and Kotor Varoš to Banja Luka. After 1996, most of the Bosniak's villages were partly restored thanks to the Luxembourgish government.
Eigg

**Eigg** is a small island off the coast of Scotland.  It is 9 km wide and has a population of 83 people. Eiggs highest point is its only mountain, An Sgùrr.
Dayton S. Mak

**Dayton S. Mak** (10 July 1917 - 16 March 2018) was a U.S. diplomat. He served posts in England, Libya, Lebanon, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Germany. He was the first U.S. ambassador of Kuwait. Mak was also former Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, for Near East South Asia Affairs.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dayton S. Mak
- **country1**: Kuwait
- **ambassador from1**: United States
- **predecessor1**: n/a
- **successor1**: Parker T. Hart
- **president1**: John F. Kennedy
- **term start1**: 1961
- **term end1**: 1963
- **birth place**: Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- **death date**: (aged 100)
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **spouse**: Julie Mak
- **children**: Holly Mak
- **residence**: Washington DC
- **alma mater**: University of Arizona, University of Pennsylvania, Middle East Institute, Naval War College
- **profession**: Diplomat
- **awards**: Purple Hearts, Bronze Star
Leah Bracknell

**Leah Bracknell** (born **Alison Rosalind Bracknell** 12 July 1964 – September 2019) was an English actress. She was best known for her role as Zoe Tate in _Emmerdale_. She was also a teacher with the British School of Yoga and designs and produces her own line of jewelry.

In October 2016, Bracknell revealed that she was suffering from terminal lung cancer. She died from the disease at her Worthing home in September 2019, aged 55.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Leah Bracknell
- **birth name**: Alison Rosalind Bracknell
- **birth place**: Westminster, London, England
- **death date**: September 2019 (aged 55)
- **death place**: Worthing, England
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 1976–2010
- **children**: 2
Gord Downie

**Gordon Edgar "Gord" Downie** (6 February 1964 – 17 October 2017) was a Canadian rock musician, writer, and occasional actor.

He was the lead singer and lyricist for the Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip. He released five solo albums: _Coke Machine Glow_ (2001), _Battle of the Nudes_ (2003), _The Grand Bounce_ (2010), _And the Conquering Sun_ (2014) and _Secret Path_ (2016). On the first three of these, he was backed by the Country of Miracles;

Downie was diagnosed with glioblastoma, a rare form of brain cancer in May 2016. He died from the disease on 17 October 2017 in Toronto at the age of 53.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Gord Downie
- **background**: solo_singer
- **image**: Gord_Downie_2001_(cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Downie performing in Guelph, Ontario
- **birth name**: Gordon Edgar Downie
- **birth place**: Amherstview, Ontario, Canada
- **death place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **origin**: Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- **genre**: Rock, alternative rock
- **occupation**: Musician, actor
- **instrument**: Vocals, guitar, harmonica, drums
- **years active**: 1983–2017
- **associated acts**: The Tragically Hip, The Country of Miracles, The Sadies
Jill Gascoine

**Jill Gascoine** (11 April 1937 – 28 April 2020) was a British actress and novelist. She was best known for her role as Detective Inspector Maggie Forbes in the 1980s television series _The Gentle Touch_ and its spin-off series _C.A.T.S. Eyes_. In the 1990s, she also became a novelist and has published three books.

In June 2013, Gascoine publicly revealed that she has Alzheimer's disease. In November 2016 her husband, Alfred Molina, reported that she was "in a very advanced stage of Alzheimer's", and had been in a specialist care home for over two years. She died from the disease on 28 April 2020, aged 83.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jill Gascoine
- **birth place**: Lambeth, London, England, UK
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, US
- **occupation**: Actress, novelist
- **spouse**: Bill Keith (divorced)

- **children**: 2
Canna

***Canna*** is a small island in the Small Isles in the Inner Hebrides. As of 2017, there are 12 people on the island. Canna is linked to its neighbouring island Sanday by a single road.  Canna has its own native animal, the _Canna Fruit Bat_.
Rum (island)

***Rum*** (often spelt _Rùm_) is a small island in the Small Islands in the Inner Hebrides. The population ia around 22 as of 2017.
Sanday

***Sanday*** is an island off the coast of Canna. Sanday is home to 9 people as of 2017.
Raasay

***Raasay*** is an island in the Inner Hebrides near Skye. The highest elevation is 444 m (1,457 ft) at Dùn Caan. Raasay has a population of 161 people as of 2017.
Gay Byrne

**Gabriel Mary "Gay" Byrne** (5 August 1934 – 4 November 2019), affectionately known as **Uncle Gay**, **Gaybo** or **Uncle Gaybo**, was a veteran Irish presenter of radio and television for several decades. His most known role was first host of _The Late Late Show_ over a 37-year period spanning 1962 until 1999.

## Early life

Byrne was born in Rialto, Dublin. He studied at Trinity College, Dublin. He was the first person to broadcast The Beatles on television.

## Career

From 1973 until 1998, Byrne presented _The Gay Byrne Hour_—later _The Gay Byrne Show_ when it expanded to two hours—on RTÉ Radio 1 each weekday morning. Since retiring from his long-running radio and television shows, Byrne has presented several other programmes, including _Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?_, _The Meaning of Life_ and _For One Night Only_ on RTÉ One and _Sunday Serenade_/_Sunday with Gay Byrne_ on RTÉ lyric fm.

In 2006 he was elected Chairman of Ireland's Road Safety Authority. Since retiring he has become the "Elder Lemon of Irish broadcasting".

## Personal life

Byrne is married to Kathleen Watkins. Together they have two adopted daughters. He lives in Sandymount, Dublin with his wife.

On 21 November 2016 he revealed, live on a radio broadcast, that he was to begin treatment for prostate cancer and that the cancer may have also spread to his lower back. He died from the disease in Dublin on 4 November 2019 at the age of 85.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gay Byrne
- **image**: Gay Byrne.JPG
- **image size**: 250px
- **alt**: Gay Byrne speaking into a microphone in 2007
- **caption**: Byrne in 2007
- **birth name**: Gabriel Mary Byrne
- **birth place**: Rialto, Dublin, Republic of Ireland, Ireland
- **death place**: Sandymount, Dublin, Republic of Ireland, Ireland
- **nationality**: Irish people, Irish
- **other names**: Uncle Gay,
 Gaybo,
 Uncle Gaybo
- **education**: Rialto National School,
 Synge Street CBS,
 Honorary degree, Honorary doctorate in literature from Trinity College, Dublin (1988)
- **employer**: Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ)
- **notable works**: _The Late Late Show (Ireland), The Late Late Show_,
 _The Late Late Toy Show_,
 _The Gay Byrne Show_,
 Rose of Tralee (festival), Rose of Tralee,
 People in Need Trust, People in Need People in Need Telethon, Telethon,
 _Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (Ireland), Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?_,
 _The Meaning of Life (TV series), The Meaning of Life_,
 _For One Night Only (Irish TV series), For One Night Only_
- **occupation**: Broadcaster
- **years active**: 1958–present
- **boards**: Chairman of the Road Safety Authority (2006–2014)
- **spouse**: Kathleen Watkins (1964–2019; his death)
- **children**: Suzy, Crona
Elizabeth Dawn

**Elizabeth "Liz" Dawn** MBE (8 November 1939 – 25 September 2017) was an English actress. She was best known for her role as Vera Duckworth in the long-running British soap opera _Coronation Street_.

Dawn was awarded an MBE in October 2000 for her services to charity and for having helped raise hundreds of thousands of pounds for hospitals in the Manchester and Leeds areas.

## Other websites

- Elizabeth Dawn at the Internet Movie Database
- Profile of Elizabeth Dawn at corrie.net
- Profile at Mirror.co.uk

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Elizabeth  Dawn
- **honorific suffix**: <small>MBE</small>
- **image**: Vera Duckworth 2.jpg
- **birthname**: Sylvia Butterfield
- **birth place**: Leeds, West Riding of Yorkshire, England
- **death date**: 25 September 2017 (aged 77)
- **death place**: Whitefield, Greater Manchester, Whitefield, Greater Manchester, England
- **death cause**: Emphysema
- **occupation**: Actress
- **caption**: Elizabeth Dawn, also known as Vera Duckworth in Coronation Street
- **spouse**: Walter Bradley (1957–1959)
 Donald Ibbertson (1965–2017)
- **children**: Graham (b. 1958)
 Elizabeth (b. 1965)
 Ann-Marie (b. 1966)
 Julie (b. 1968)
- **nationality**: British nationality law, British
- **years active**: 1972–2015
- **known for**: Vera Duckworth on _Coronation Street_ (1974, 1976–2008, 2010)
- **awards**: **The British Soap Awards, British Soap Award for Best Onscreen Partnership**
 2001 _Coronation Street_ <small>(with William Tarmey)</small>
 **The British Soap Awards, British Soap Award for Lifetime Achievement**
 2008 _Coronation Street_
Errol Christie

**Errol Christie** (29 June 1963 – 11 June 2017) was a former professional English boxer and currently a boxing trainer. He was the captain of the English amateur boxing team from 1980 to 1983 and European amateur champion in 1983. After turning professional he was a regular fixture on _ITV Fight Night_ in the 1980s. After retiring from boxing he became a trainer in white collar boxing.

In March 2015 Christie was diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer. He died in London on 11 June 2017 from complications of the disease, aged 53.

## Infobox (boxer)

- **name**: Errol Christie
- **realname**: Errol Christie
- **image**: Errol Christie in 2007.JPG
- **caption**: Errol Christie, 2007
- **nickname**: _Thames Barrier Warrior_
- **weight**: Middleweight
- **death place**: London, England
- **birth place**: Leicester, England
- **home**: Lewisham, England
- **style**: Orthodox stance, Orthodox
- **total**: 41
- **wins**: 32
- **ko**: 26
- **losses**: 8
- **draws**: 1
- **no contests**: 0
Cantor's theorem

In set theory, **Cantor's theorem** states that the set which contains all subsets of a set has a greater cardinality (a formal definition of "size") than the set itself. Georg Cantor showed this in an article he published in 1890. The theorem is valid both for finite and infinite sets.

### Definitions

We will refer to our starting set as  (short for "universe"), and the set of its subsets as  (another name for "set of all subsets of " is "the power set of ").

In set theory, the informal idea of "size" is more formally defined as the cardinality of a set. Two sets have the same cardinality if and only if there is a bijection between the two sets: that is, a relation that connects one element of one set to one element of the other set, with all elements used exactly once (nothing is repeated or left out).

Cantor's theorem is a proof by contradiction: it assumes the existence of a bijection , and then shows that this gives us an impossible result.

### Argument

The proof of Cantor's theorem is similar to Cantor's diagonal argument.

First, we assume the two sets have the same cardinality, which means there must be a function  and its inverse .

Since this function sends every element  to a subset , we can use it to define a unary relation based on a simple property: "Does the set  contain the value ?"

More formally, we want to look at all the values  where this property does not hold,
This can be read as "the set of all elements of  whose corresponding set in  does not contain that element". This statement is similar to Russell's paradox, which arises from "sets that do not contain themselves" in naive set theory.

Now, we must consider our set . Since  contains only elements of , then by definition  and . This means that there must exist some .

This gives rise to a contradiction:
- If , then , which contradicts the definition of .
- If , then , so by definition  - an explicit contradiction.
From the contradiction, it follows that our premise must be flawed. Thus, no bijection exists between the set  and the set of its subsets , so they must have different cardinality.
Small Isles

The  **Small isles** are the four islands, Muck, Rùm, Eigg, Canna and several other islands. They are a small archipelago of islands in the Inner Hebrides, off the west coast of Scotland. They are south of Skye and north of Mull and Ardnamurchan. The Small Isles is one of 40 National Scenic Areas in Scotland. They can be reached by taking a ferry from either Arisaig or Mallaig on the mainland.
Lycorhinus

***Lycorhinus*** is a genus of omnivorous heterodontosaurid dinosaur.
Concepción, Paraguay

**Concepción** is a district and city in northern Paraguay and capital of the Concepción Department. It is next to the Paraguay River.

The city is at about  to the north of Asunción, the capital of Paraguay.

## History

The Spanish Governor of Paraguay, Agustín Fernado de Pinedo, founded Concepción in 1773 with the name of _Villa Real de Concepción_. The  town prospered in the early years of the 20th century, as a centre for the north of the country, the _Gran Chaco_, and a river port. The town was also the initial centre for the Paraguayan civil war of 1947.

## Geography

The city of Concepción is in the southwest of the Concepción department, in the north of the _Oriental_ region. The district has an area of  and an estimated population in 2015 of 80,622 for a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

### Climate

Concepcion has a tropical wet and dry/ savanna climate (Köppen climate classification : **Aw**) with a pronounced dry season in winter.

The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . Most rains fall during summer. The month with the most precipitation on average is December with  of rainfall, followed by November with .

The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is July with an average of  and the second is August with .

Concepción is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of .

## Related pages

- List of cities in Paraguay

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Concepción
- **settlement type**: District and City
- **image alt**: A street in Concepción
- **image caption**: A street in Concepción
- **image flag**: Bandera Municipalidad de Concepción, Paraguay.PNG
- **image shield**: Escudo de Concepción (Paraguay).PNG
- **shield size**: 70px
- **pushpin map**: Paraguay
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Paraguay
- **subdivision type1**: Departments of Paraguay, Department
- **subdivision name1**: Concepción Department, Paraguay, Concepción
- **leader title**: Mayor, Intendente municipal
- **leader name**: Luis Herminio Acosta Paniagua
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1773
- **area total km2**: 944.11
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population total**: 80622
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Atlantic Standard Time Zone, AST
- **utc offset1**: -04
- **timezone1 dst**: ADT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -03
- **elevation m**: 44
- **area code**: 8700
- **blank name**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info**: Tropical savanna (Aw)
Square rig

**Square rig** refers to a type of sail and rigging where the sails are mounted on horizontal spars. The number of masts, the square sails and how the yards (spars) are set out distinguishes a square-rigged ship. The classic example of a square-rig is a three masted fully rigged ship. The square-rigger descends from the lateen-rig. Its angled sails became square sails. The **full-rigged ship** is a ship with square-rigged sails on all its masts. The square rig with all its sails and rigging is hard to handle when tacking or "coming about". In the trade winds, square-rigged ships have an advantage, especially in deep water.

## Other websites

- How to sail a Full-Rigged-Ship - The Sørlandet Part 1
- Star of India tacking and wearing: YouTube
Water Under the Bridge

"**Water Under the Bridge**" is a song by English singer-songwriter Adele.  It is the sixth song on her third studio album, _25_.  It was written by Adele and her frequent writing partner, Greg Kurstin, who also produced the song.  "Water Under the Bridge" was the fourth single from _25_ on November 4, 2016.

The song is a more upbeat song, similar to "Rolling in the Deep".   So far, it has charted at number 26 on the US _Billboard_ Hot 100.  It was certified gold by the RIAA in 2017 for shipments of 500,000 copies in the US.

## Critical reception

When reviewing _25_, Lewis Corner from _Digital Spy_ wrote that Adele and Kurstin "strike upon a shimmering mid-tempo pop parade, as the London singer proclaims 'if you're gonna let me down, let me down gently' over the chewiest melody she's laid her vocals on. […] Adele's perceptive lyric and rich vocal makes it entirely her own."

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Water Under the Bridge
- **artist**: Adele
- **album**: 25 (Adele album), 25
- **genre**: Disco-Pop music, pop
- **producer**: Greg Kurstin
- **prev title**: Send My Love (To Your New Lover)
- **prev year**: 2016
Večići

**Večići** is a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is in the Kotor Varoš Municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. It spreads across Večićko polje (Večići's field), nearby the mouth of Cvrcka (in Vrbanja river), and Vrbanjci, a larger village.

In 1991 its population was 1744. In 2013 it was 797, all of whom are Bosniaks.

During the Bosnian War, the village was a pocket of Bosniak resistance against the Bosnian Serb Army and Police forces. It suffered severe damages, including destruction of the village mosque. The anthropologist Madelyn Iris noted that
 Some of the villagers died in a massacre at nearby Grabovica in November 1992 and 150-200 men and boys were killed in the village school. As of 2017 these people are still on the list of missing persons.

## Population

|style="background:#ddffdd;"|**Ethnic group**↓/Census Year→|style="text-align:center;"|1991|style="text-align:center;"|1981|style="text-align:center;"|1971|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Bosniaks**|align="right"|1.110 (63,64%)|align="right"|989 (95,46%)|align="right"|771 (95,18%)|
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Serbs**|align="right"|409 (23,45%)|align="right"|1 (0,09%)|align="right"|0|
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Croats**|align="right"|221 (12,67%)|align="right"|46 (4,44%)|align="right"|37 (4,56%)|
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Yugoslavians**|align="right"|1 (0,05%)|align="right"|0|align="right"|1 (0,12%)|
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Others and unknown**|align="right"|3 (0,17%)|align="right"|0|align="right"|1 (0,12%)|
|style="background:#f3fff3;"|**Total**|style="text-align:right;"|1,744|style="text-align:right;"|1,036|style="text-align:right;"|810|

## Other websites

- Photographs of Večići

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: Village
- **name**: Večići
- **pushpin map**: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Entity
- **subdivision name1**: Republika Srpska
- **subdivision type2**: Region
- **subdivision name2**: Banja Luka
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Republika Srpska, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Kotor Varoš
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **population blank1 title**: in 1991
- **population blank1**: 1,744
- **population blank2 title**: in 2013
- **population blank2**: 797
- **postal code**: ++387 051
Merchant vessel

A **merchant vessel** or **trading vessel** is a boat or ship that transports cargo or carries passengers for hire. This does not include pleasure craft that do not carry passengers for hire. Warships are also not considered to be merchant ships.

## Types

They come in large number of sizes and shapes. They range from twenty-foot inflatable dive boats in Hawaii, to 5,000 passenger casino vessels on the Mississippi River. They include tugboats working in New York Harbor, to 1,000 foot oil tankers and container ships.

Some of the more common types are:
- Bulk carriers - These carry items such as ore, grain, cement and other kinds of bulk cargo. This type makes up 40% of the world's merchant fleets.
- Container ships - They are ocean-going ships that carry goods in large containers. They did not come into use until the 1960s, but are now the standard form of shipping manufactured goods worldwide.
- Passenger ships - Are either pleasure (such as a cruise ships) or carry passengers on regular scheduled routes (such as a ferry).
- Tanker - Ships that carry bulk liquid cargo such as oil, liquefied natural gas, and chemicals are called tankers.
- Fishing vessel - Catch and often process fish for food.
- Offshore Vessels - Are used to transport people, goods and supplies to offshore oil platforms.

## Fleets

Most countries of the world operate fleets of merchant ships. However, due to the high costs of operations, today these fleets are in many cases sailing under the flags of other nations. These are countries that specialize in providing manpower and services at very good terms. Such flags are known as "flags of convenience". Currently, Liberia and Panama are two of the most popular flags of convenience. Ownership of the vessels can be by any country, however.

Today, Japan and Greece are two of the largest merchant fleets by capacity. In 2014, the two countries shipped about 30% of the world's tonnage. However, China is now the nation that owns the most merchant ships.

During wars, merchant ships may be used as auxiliaries to the navies of their respective countries. They are called on to deliver military personnel and material.

## Definitions

- The term "commercial vessel" is defined by the United States Coast Guard as "any vessel (i.e. boat or ship) engaged in commercial trade or that carries passengers for hire".

- In English, "Merchant Navy" is usually used to refer to the British Merchant Navy.

- The United States merchant fleet is known as the United States Merchant Marine.