juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Nito Verdera

**Nito Verdera** (short name of **Joan Verdera i Escandell**, Ibiza, 1934 - Ibiza, 2022) was an Ibizan journalist, merchant marine pilot and researcher about Christopher Columbus. A member of the Centre d'Estudis Colombins, he has published several books in which he maintains the thesis that Columbus was crypto-Jewish and from Ibiza.

He left the merchant marine to dedicate himself to journalism as editor of the _Diario de Ibiza_, correspondent of Ràdio Nacional d'Espanya, and collaborator of the EFE agency, Catalunya Ràdio, Cadena COPE and Televisió Española .

## Columbus from Ibiza

He had studied the place names that Columbus used in the Indies and concludes that a significant part is related to Ibiza and Formentera . After researching the Columbus families in Ibiza, and the navigator's knowledge related to the Mallorca school of cartography, he states that Columbus was of Jewish origin born in Ibiza.

His latest book _Cristóbal Colón, el libro de las Falacias y cuatro Verdades_ had been presented at the Ateneo de Madrid by the current Duke of Veragua, a direct descendant of the Admiral. The book not only fervently demonstrates Columbus' relationship with Ibiza and his Jewish origin, but dismantles one by one all the "fallacies" that have surrounded the discoverer.

Nito Verdera was also, due to his trade as a merchant marine pilot, an outstanding scholar of pre-Columbian maps of America. In his latest book he shows that the Cantino Map contains the evidence (Portuguese place names) of Portuguese knowledge of the Caribbean and Florida before it was explored by Juan Ponce de León.

He added, as proof of the Admiral's cultural Catalanity, several lists of colloquial, nautical and toponymic vocabulary of words used by Columbus in his writings, which prove not only that Columbus was Catalan-speaking but, according to the Diccionario Etimológico itself Castilian and Hispanic, Columbus is the first to use many words in Spanish, especially nautical vocabulary, all of which, according to the Etymological and Complementary Dictionary of the Catalan Language, were documented in Catalan much earlier.

He is also the one who has best followed the line of research of Simon Wiesenthal and Madariaga that Columbus was Jewish. In his latest book, he expands on the theses of the famous Nazi hunter with the contributions and studies of Professor Estelle Irizarry (study of the Book of Prophecies by Columbus), Sara Leibovicci (the initials Bet Hai on the headers of Columbus's letters to their children).

He had studied what he called the linguistic DNA of Columbus, together with Estelle Irizarry, who had already published the article  of this study in the magazine Aki Yerushalayim, the only magazine of scope world written in Ladino .

## Other websites

- Author's website
- Video from TV Ibiza
- Video in Poblet, about the prince of Viana.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Pereinito.jpg
Slave Market in Ancient Rome

***Slave Market in Ancient Rome*** is a painting by Jean-Léon Gérôme. He painted it around 1884. Gerôme often combined classical, romantic, and realistic elements.

## Description

The painting shows  an Ancient Roman slave auction in progress. At the center of a raised platform is a completely nude woman. The slave dealer on her right completely undressed the woman. He did this to display her to the crowd, who would then be able to bid on her. The woman feels humiliated, by being publicly exposed, completely naked, in front of such a large crowd. For this reason she shields her eyes. Another young woman, possibly the next to be sold, is sitting at the feet of the first woman. She is also completely naked. Fearfully, she tries to cover her breasts with her legs. This still leaves her genitals exposed to the crowd.   Behind her is an older clothed woman holding an infant, she is surrounded by two naked children who she is probably the mother of. Her face has a look of dread as she knows she is to be auctioned soon, most likely being separated from her children forever. Behind the auction booth, two men are keeping an account of the sales, with a row of enslaved men looking on from behind them. It is one of his six slave-market scenes set in either ancient Rome or 19th-century Istanbul that Gérôme painted during his career.

## In Relation to  _A Roman Slave Market_

The scheme and figures in this composition are more or less the reverse of his previous work, _A Roman Slave Market_, also completed in 1884.

## See also

- The Slave Market (Gérôme painting)

## References

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## Infobox (artwork)

- **title**: Slave Market in Ancient Rome
- **image**: file:Jean-Léon Gérôme - Vente d'esclaves à Rome, 1884.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **artist**: Jean-Léon Gérôme
- **year**: circa 1884
- **medium**: Oil painting, Oil on canvas
- **height metric**: 92
- **width metric**: 74
- **metric unit**: cm
- **museum**: The State Hermitage Museum
- **city**: Saint Petersburg, Russia
Heiligenhaus

**Heiligenhaus** is a town in Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is between Düsseldorf and Essen. About 26,500 people live there.

## Twin towns

Heiligenhaus is twinned with:
- Basildon, England, United Kingdom
- Mansfield, England, United Kingdom
- Meaux, France
- Zwönitz, Germany

## Infobox (german place)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Heiligenhaus - Hauptstraße-AmRathaus + Rathausplatz 02 ies.jpg
- **image coa**: DEU Heiligenhaus COA.svg
- **image plan**: Heiligenhaus in ME.svg
- **state**: Nordrhein-Westfalen
- **region**: Düsseldorf
- **district**: Mettmann
- **elevation**: 180
- **area**: 27.47
- **postal code**: 42579
- **area code**: 02056, 02054, 02102
- **licence**: ME
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 05 1 58 012
- **divisions**: 6
- **website**: [https://www.heiligenhaus.de/ www.heiligenhaus.de]
- **mayor**: Michael Beck
- **leader term**: 2020–25
- **party**: CDU
Rouffy

**Rouffy** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Rouffy
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Rouffy-Village.JPG
- **caption**: A general view of Rouffy
- **arrondissement**: Épernay
- **canton**: Vertus-Plaine Champenoise
- **insee**: 51469
- **postal code**: 51130
- **mayor**: Patrick Collobert
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Épernay, Coteaux et Plaine de Champagne
- **elevation min m**: 87
- **elevation max m**: 111
- **area km2**: 5.69
Rouvroy-Ripont

**Rouvroy-Ripont** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Rouvroy-Ripont
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Rouvroy-Ripont-FR-51-mairie-01.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Rouvroy-Ripont
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Argonne Suippe et Vesle
- **insee**: 51470
- **postal code**: 51800
- **mayor**: Catherine Collot
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Argonne Champenoise
- **elevation min m**: 124
- **elevation max m**: 125
- **area km2**: 11.77
Sacy, Marne

**Sacy** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sacy
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Sacy (51) Mairie 2.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Sacy
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Sacy(51).svg
- **arrondissement**: Reims
- **canton**: Fismes-Montagne de Reims
- **insee**: 51471
- **postal code**: 51500
- **mayor**: Éric Léger
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Reims
- **elevation min m**: 89
- **elevation max m**: 259
- **area km2**: 5.56
Zinacantepec

**Zinacantepec** is a city from Zinacantepec Municipality in the state of México in Mexico. The town had a census population in 2020 of 2,345 people.
Lerma Municipality

**Lerma** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Lerma
- **official name**: Lerma
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Escudo de Lerma (estado de Mexico).svg
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Lerma location map.svg
- **population total**: 27,521
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Lerma
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Kirby Air Ride

***Kirby Air Ride*** is a racing video game. It was published by Nintendo and was developed by HAL Laboratory.

It was released on July 11, 2003 in Japan, October 13, 2003 in North America, February 27, 2004 in Europe, and on March 30, 2004 in Australia. It was only released for the GameCube.

The game does not have a story. In the game, players can race against up to either three other players or AI through split-screen or LAN connection. Players can race as Kirby and can also unlock Meta Knight or King Dedede the play as.

## Reception

The game recieved mixed reviews by game critics. Critics said that they liked the graphics, sounds, track design, environment, smooth frame rate, and that it was the first GameCube game to feature LAN connection. However, critics also felt that the controls were too basic, gameplay was boring, the performance of the crafts were unbalanced, and some of the powers felt useless.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Kirby Air Ride
- **developer**: HAL Laboratory
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **director**: Masahiro Sakurai
- **producer**: Hiroaki Suga
Masayoshi Tanimura
Shigeru Miyamoto
- **programmer**: Kouichi Watanabe
- **designer**: Kenichirou Kita
- **artist**: Kazuya Konishi
- **composer**: Shogo Sakai
Jun Ishikawa (composer), Jun Ishikawa
Hirokazu Ando
Tadashi Ikegami
Akira Miyagawa <small>(Uncredited)</small>
- **series**: _Kirby (series), Kirby_
- **platforms**: GameCube
- **genre**: Racing video game, Racing
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
Saint-Amand-sur-Fion

**Saint-Amand-sur-Fion** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Amand-sur-Fion
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Église de saint Amand sur Fion (9).JPG
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Amand in Saint-Amand-sur-Fion
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Saint-Amand-sur-Fion.svg
- **arrondissement**: Vitry-le-François
- **canton**: Sermaize-les-Bains
- **insee**: 51472
- **postal code**: 51300
- **mayor**: Sylvain Lanfroy
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Côtes de Champagne et Val de Saulx
- **elevation min m**: 99
- **elevation max m**: 225
- **area km2**: 28.4
Saint-Bon

**Saint-Bon** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Bon
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Saint-Bon - Église Saint-Bon 3.jpg
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Bon in Saint-Bon
- **arrondissement**: Épernay
- **canton**: Sézanne-Brie et Champagne
- **insee**: 51473
- **postal code**: 51310
- **mayor**: Jean-Pierre Verhaegen
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Sézanne-Sud Ouest Marnais
- **elevation min m**: 167
- **elevation max m**: 202
- **area km2**: 8
Saint-Brice-Courcelles

**Saint-Brice-Courcelles** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Brice-Courcelles
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie st-Brice Courcelles 862.JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Brice-Courcelles
- **arrondissement**: Reims
- **canton**: Reims-5
- **insee**: 51474
- **postal code**: 51370
- **mayor**: Evelyne Quentin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Reims
- **elevation min m**: 71
- **elevation max m**: 88
- **area km2**: 4.16
Sainte-Gemme, Marne

**Sainte-Gemme** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Gemme
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Eglise - Façade latérale - Sainte-Gemme - Médiathèque de l'architecture et du patrimoine - APMH00026806.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Épernay
- **canton**: Dormans-Paysages de Champagne
- **insee**: 51480
- **postal code**: 51700
- **mayor**: Jean-Claude Bucquet
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Paysages de la Champagne
- **elevation min m**: 93
- **elevation max m**: 226
- **area km2**: 7.25
Jilotepec Municipality, Mexico

**Jilotepec** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.
Sainte-Marie-à-Py

**Sainte-Marie-à-Py** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Marie-à-Py
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **caption**: The town hall in Sainte-Marie-à-Py
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Argonne Suippe et Vesle
- **insee**: 51501
- **postal code**: 51600
- **mayor**: Brigitte Chocardelle
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Région de Suippes
- **elevation min m**: 121
- **elevation max m**: 209
- **area km2**: 26.92
Typhoon Gaemi

**Typhoon Gaemi**, known as **Super Typhoon Carina** in the Philippines, was a very strong typhooon that affected the Philippines in early July 2024. It was the third named storm and third typhoon of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season.

## Infobox (weather event)

- **name**: Typhoon Gaemi (Carina)
- **image**: Gaemi 2024-07-24 0500Z.jpg
- **caption**: Gaemi at peak intensity while off the coast of Taiwan on July 24
- **formed**: July 19, 2024
- **dissipated**: July 29, 2024


## Infobox (weather event/jma)

- **winds**: 90
- **pressure**: 940


## Infobox (weather event/jtwc)

- **winds**: 125
- **pressure**: 919
- **basin**: WPac


## Infobox (weather event/effects)

- **year**: 2024
- **fatalities**: 126+
- **injuries**: 929+
- **missing**: 40+
- **damage**: 305000000


## Infobox (weather event/footer)

- **season**: 2024 Pacific typhoon season
Nevado de Toluca

**Nevado de Toluca**, also known as: **Xinantecatl** (in Nahuatl: _Xinauhtekatl_), is a Mexican stratovolcano.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Nevado de Toluca
- **location**: Mexico
- **volcanic arc/belt**: Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
- **type**: Stratovolcano
- **photo**:
- **label position**: left
- **map caption**: Mexico
- **relief**: 1
- **map**: Mexico
- **parent peak**: Mount Logan
- **prominence m**: 4922
- **elevation m**: 5636
- **photo caption**: Aerial view of Volcano
- **easiest route**: moderate snow/ice climb
Typhoon Yagi

**Typhoon Yagi** (Vietnamese: _Bão Yagi_) also known as **Super Typhoon Enteng** is a tropical storm that hit Philippines, Vietnam and China. On August 30, 2024 a Low Pressure Area (LPA) had formed and located 540 km (330 mi) northwest of Palau.

## Infobox (hurricane)

- **name**: Typhoon Yagi (Enteng)
- **basin**: WPac
- **image**: Yagi 2024-09-05 0000Z.jpg
- **formed**: August 31, 2024
- **dissipated**: September 8, 2024
- **10-min winds**: 195
- **1-min winds**: 260
- **pressure**: 916
- **fatalities**: 18+
- **injuries**: 20+
- **missing**: 21+
- **damage**: $11.9 million
- **hurricane season**: 2024 Pacific typhoon season
Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement

**Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Vieille église à Saint Marie du Lac.JPG
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste in Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement at the Musée du Pays du Der
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement.svg
- **arrondissement**: Vitry-le-François
- **canton**: Sermaize-les-Bains
- **insee**: 51277
- **postal code**: 51290
- **mayor**: Alain Bouché
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Perthois-Bocage et Der
- **elevation min m**: 118
- **elevation max m**: 141
- **area km2**: 17.35
Atizapán Municipality

**Atizapán** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.
Andøy Municipality

**Andøy municipality** is a Norwegian municipality in Nordland county. The municipality is on the island of Andøya.

It has a population of 4,577 (as of 2023).

## Economy

Rockets without people onboard, sometimes get launched from the island. A rocket was launched as early as 18 August 1962; Its goal was to study the ionosphere in the (Arctic) polar area.

Andøya Spaceport opened in 2023. In 2025, the first Spectrum rocket was launched; That flight failed after 25 seconds.

The air force has an air station [as of 2024], Andøya Air Station.

## Settlements

Settlements include

- Andenes, more people live in that urban area than any of the others in Andøy
- Bleik, 444  inhabitants in the urban area (as of 2024).
- Bjørnskinn
- Dverberg
- Haugnes

- Nordmela
- Nøss

- Risøyhamn

- Skjoldehamn
- Stave
- Å, settlement
- Åse (settlement)

## Administration

The mayor, Kjell-Are Johansen, is elected until late 2027.
Saint-Étienne-au-Temple

**Saint-Étienne-au-Temple** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Étienne-au-Temple
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Saint-Étienne-au-Temple-51-A08.JPG
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Étienne in Saint-Étienne-au-Temple
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Châlons-en-Champagne-3
- **insee**: 51476
- **postal code**: 51460
- **mayor**: Cyril Pointud
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **elevation min m**: 121
- **elevation max m**: 151
- **area km2**: 11.94
Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe

**Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie 04747.JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe.svg
- **arrondissement**: Reims
- **canton**: Bourgogne-Fresne
- **insee**: 51477
- **postal code**: 51110
- **mayor**: Christophe Madelain
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Reims
- **elevation min m**: 65
- **elevation max m**: 108
- **area km2**: 7.74
Saint-Eulien

**Saint-Eulien** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Eulien
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Gare-Saint-Eulien-CPancienne.jpg
- **caption**: The railway station in the early 20th century in Saint-Eulien
- **arrondissement**: Vitry-le-François
- **canton**: Sermaize-les-Bains
- **insee**: 51478
- **postal code**: 51100
- **mayor**: Régis Valton
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Saint-Dizier Der et Blaise
- **elevation min m**: 131
- **elevation max m**: 174
- **area km2**: 8.06
Saint-Germain-la-Ville

**Saint-Germain-la-Ville** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Germain-la-Ville
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Pompier mairie monument aux morts st-Germain.jpg
- **caption**: The fire station, war memorial and town hall in Saint-Germain-la-Ville
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Châlons-en-Champagne-3
- **insee**: 51482
- **postal code**: 51240
- **mayor**: René Schuller
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: La Moivre à la Coole
- **elevation min m**: 83
- **elevation max m**: 153
- **area km2**: 11.74
Saint-Gibrien

**Saint-Gibrien** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Gibrien
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Commerce D3 3357.JPG
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Saint-Gibrien.svg
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Châlons-en-Champagne-2
- **insee**: 51483
- **postal code**: 51510
- **mayor**: Herve Huber
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **elevation min m**: 77
- **elevation max m**: 106
- **area km2**: 4.04
Pancho Vladigerov

**Pancho Haralanov Vladigerov** (or **Wladigeroff**, **Wladigerow**, **Vladiguerov**, **Vladigueroff**;  ; 13 March 18998 September 1978) was a Bulgarian composer, pedagogue, and piano player.

Vladigerov is probably the most important Bulgarian composer. He combined Bulgarian folk music and classical music. He was part of the "_Second Generation Bulgarian Composers_". Vladigerov was also one of the founders of the Bulgarian Contemporary Music Society (1933). This society later became the Union of Bulgarian Composers. Vladigerov helped start many genres Bulgarian music. He helped start the violin sonata and the piano trio. He was also an important pedagogue. His students would all be important Bulgarian musicians. Some of his students were Alexander Raichev, Alexander Yossifov, Stefan Remenkov, and Alexis Weissenberg.

## References

- Pavlov — Klosterman, Evgeni. 2000. _Pancho Vladigerov._ Sofia: Muzika
- Fedotova Valery, Some tendencies of Bulgarian music in the context of national art in the first half of the twentieth century. // Bulgarian art and literature. History and modernity. SIAS. Moscow, 2003. = Федотова В.Н. Некоторые тенденции болгарской музыки в контексте национального искусства в первой половине ХХ столетия. // Болгарское искусство и литература. История и современность. Москва, ГИИ, 2003.
- Fedotova Valery, The forms of Bulgarian symbolism and Bulgarian music. // Modern and integration processes in the European culture. M., SIAS, 2004. = Федотова В.Н. Формы болгарского символизма и болгарская музыка. // Модерн и интеграционные процессы в европейской культуре. Москва,ГИИ, 2004.
- Fedotova Valery, Opera of P. Vladigerov and L. Pipkov in the context of Bulgarian art of 1920-30-es. // Musical theatre of the twentieth century: Events, Problems, Results, Perspectives. M., SIAS, 2004. = Федотова В.Н. Оперы П.Владигерова и Л.Пипкова в контексте болгарского искусства 1920-30-х гг. // Музыкальный театр ХХ века: События, проблемы, итоги, перспективы. Москва, ГИИ, 2004.
- Fedotova Valery, The Bulgarian music of the twentieth century in the context of the national culture. Moscow, SIAS, 2012.  = Федотова В.Н. Болгарская музыка ХХ века в контексте национальной художественной культуры. Москва, ГИИ, 2012.

## Other websites

- The Intellectual Legacy of Pancho Vladigerov Foundation
- A biography of Pancho Vladigerov (including work list and selected bibliography) at the Union of Bulgarian Composers website
- Pantcho, Pantscho or Pancho – spelling suggestions invoked out of his archives
- Concert Pianist Valentina Seferinova
- Concerto N°4 Op.40 with Ivan Drenikov

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Pancho Vladigerov
- **image**: BASA-1130K-1-6-1-Pancho Vladigerov (crop).jpeg
- **caption**: Vladigerov in 1928
- **native name**: Панчо Харaланов Владигеров
- **native name lang**: bg
- **birth place**: Zürich, Switzerland
- **death place**: Sofia, Bulgaria
- **resting place**: Central Sofia Cemetery
- **nationality**: Bulgarian
- **occupation**: Composer
Saint-Gilles, Marne

**Saint-Gilles** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Gilles
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie st-Gilles 173.JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Gilles
- **arrondissement**: Reims
- **canton**: Fismes-Montagne de Reims
- **insee**: 51484
- **postal code**: 51170
- **mayor**: Evelyne Fraeyman
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Reims
- **elevation min m**: 62
- **elevation max m**: 170
- **area km2**: 6.37
Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple

**Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie 00603.JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple (Marne).svg
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Mourmelon-Vesle et Monts de Champagne
- **insee**: 51485
- **postal code**: 51400
- **mayor**: Jocelyne Boutillier
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **elevation min m**: 113
- **elevation max m**: 151
- **area km2**: 6.15
San Miguel Jagüeyes

**San Miguel Jagüeyes** is a town in the state of México in Mexico. The town had a census population in 2020 of 4,201 people.
Pérez de Galeana

**Pérez de Galeana** is a town from Apaxco in the state of México in Mexico. The town had a census population in 2020 of 2,345 people.
Welland

**Welland** is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. As of 2021, 55,750 people live in Welland.
Ciudad Satélite

**Ciudad Satélite** is a city from Naucalpan de Juárez Municipality in the state of México in Mexico. The town had a census population in 2020 of 2,345 people.
Log Cabin, Texas

**Log Cabin** is a city in Henderson County, Texas, United States.
Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein

**Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein** (Auguste Viktoria Friederike Luise Feodora Jenny; 22 October 1858 – 11 April 1921) was the last German Empress and Queen of Prussia from 1888 to 1918 as the wife of Emperor Wilhelm II. Following her husband's abdication, his reign ended the German Empire and the Hohenzollern dynasty's 300-year rule of Prussia.

### Early life

Augusta Victoria was born at Dolzig Castle, the eldest daughter of Frederick VIII and Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg,  a niece of Queen Victoria, through Victoria's half-sister Feodora. She was known within her family as _Dona_.

### Crown Princess

On 27 February 1881, Augusta married her half-second cousin Prince Wilhelm of Prussia. Augusta's maternal grandmother Princess Feodora of Leiningen was the half-sister of Queen Victoria, who was Wilhelm's maternal grandmother.

### Empress

Augusta became the German empress and Queen of Prussia in 1888 after her father-in-law Frederick III died. She served as the empress and Queen until her husband's forced abdication in 1918, following the German Revolution.

### Later life

In 1920, the shock of exile and abdication, combined with the breakdown of Joachim's marriage and his subsequent suicide, proved too much for Augusta's health. She died in 1921, in Huis Doorn at Doorn in the Netherlands. She was buried in Antique Temple, Sanssouci Park, Potsdam, Germany.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **succession**: List of German royal consorts, German Empress consort
List of Prussian royal consorts, Queen consort of Prussia
- **image**: Kaiserin Auguste Victoria.jpg
- **caption**: Augusta Victoria in 1888
- **consort**: yes
- **reign**: 15 June 1888 – 9 November 1918
- **house**: Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
- **father**: Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein
- **mother**: Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
- **birth place**: Dolzig Palace, Province of Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia
(now Dłużek, Poland)
- **death place**: Huis Doorn, Kingdom of the Netherlands
- **burial date**: 19 April 1921
- **burial place**: Antique Temple, Potsdam, Germany
- **predecessor**: Victoria, Princess Royal
- **successor**: German Revolution of 1918–1919, _Monarchy abolished_
Louise Ebert (as First Lady)
Salad and Go

**Salad and Go** is an American drive-thru restaurant chain. It specializes in salads, wraps, and breakfast. The brand is headquartered in Tempe, Arizona with a second office in Addison, Texas, and two food production facilities in Phoenix and Dallas.
Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand

**Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie st-Hilaire.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Argonne Suippe et Vesle
- **insee**: 51486
- **postal code**: 51600
- **mayor**: Antonia Paquola
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Région de Suippes
- **elevation min m**: 112
- **elevation max m**: 173
- **area km2**: 42.39
Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit

**Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: France, Marne, Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit (3).JPG
- **caption**: The church street in Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit
- **arrondissement**: Reims
- **canton**: Mourmelon-Vesle et Monts de Champagne
- **insee**: 51487
- **postal code**: 51490
- **mayor**: Jean-Pierre Grisouard
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Grand Reims
- **elevation min m**: 97
- **elevation max m**: 187
- **area km2**: 22.76
Saint-Jean-devant-Possesse

**Saint-Jean-devant-Possesse** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Jean-devant-Possesse
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: 51 SAINT JEAN DEVANT POSSESSE.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Vitry-le-François
- **canton**: Sermaize-les-Bains
- **insee**: 51489
- **postal code**: 51330
- **mayor**: Thierry Dausseur
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Côtes de Champagne et Val de Saulx
- **elevation min m**: 100
- **elevation max m**: 140
- **area km2**: 5.33
Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre

**Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France. It is about  from Châlons-en-Champagne.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre_mairie.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Châlons-en-Champagne-3
- **insee**: 51490
- **postal code**: 51240
- **mayor**: Raymond Lapie
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: La Moivre à la Coole
- **elevation min m**: 103
- **elevation max m**: 214
- **area km2**: 15.07
Bolama question

The **Bolama question** was a military and diplomatic conflict between Portugal and the United Kingdom. It lasted from 1834 to 1870 and was about who had control over Bolama Island and a small nearby area.

## History

The conflict began in 1792 when a group of British settlers tried to create a colony on Bolama Island. The colony did not last, but starting in 1834, the United Kingdom claimed the island again while working to stop the Atlantic slave trade.

The conflict was decided in 1870 by U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant, who ruled in favor of Portugal. This decision made Bolama officially part of Portuguese Guinea, now Guinea-Bissau.

After the decision, the British government agreed to accept the outcome. The Portuguese governor of Cape Verde, Caetano Alexandre de Almeida e Albuquerque, went to Bolama to officially take possession of the island. In a ceremony, the British flag was lowered, and the Portuguese flag was raised.

## Related pages

- Cape Verde
- Colonialism
- Guinea Bissau
- Kingdom of Portugal
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe

**Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe** is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Marne department in northeast France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: 51491 SAINT JEAN SUR TOURBE 1 (1).jpg
- **caption**: The church of Nativité-de-Saint-Jean in Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe
- **arrondissement**: Châlons-en-Champagne
- **canton**: Argonne Suippe et Vesle
- **insee**: 51491
- **postal code**: 51600
- **mayor**: François Mainsant
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Région de Suippes
- **elevation min m**: 139
- **elevation max m**: 194
- **area km2**: 17.04
Ninel Conde

**Ninel Conde** or **Ninel Herrera Conde** was a Mexican singer, actress and theatre entrepreneur. Ninel lives in Naucalpan de Juárez, Mexico.  Her actual date of birth is given as 1970 & 1973. Can someone verify the year and post the correct year, please?
Hyloxalus littoralis

The **Lima rocket frog** (_Hyloxalus littoralis_) is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Home

It is easier for people to hear this frog than to see it. This frog lives in dry places, including places where small, woody plants grow and dry places near the ocean. This frog lives near streams with many plants growing nearby. This frog is good at living in places that human beings have changed. Scientists saw these frogs between 665 and 2800 meters above sea level.

People have seen the frog in one protected park: Pantanos de Villa Reserved Zone.

## Young

This frog has young in water that does not move, near streams but not in streams.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out. People build farms near its home, but scientists do not think this hurts the frog.
Irena Świderska

**Irena Świderska** with married name **Krawiec** (9 October 1909 - 7 January 1996) was a Polish track and field athlete competing in sprint events, middle distance, long jump and standing long jump. She was a member of AZS Poznań and represented Poland internationally.

Świderska was 14 times national champion. At the Poland national indoor championships she won nineteen medals: five gold, eight silver and six bronze medals. At the national indoor championships she won fourteen medals: nine gold, three silver and two bronze.

She represented Poland at the 1934 Women's World Games in the 800 metres event and won a silver medal and bronze medal at the 1935 International University Games.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Irena Świderska
- **birth place**: Warsaw, Poland
- **death place**: Trzciance, Poland
- **nationality**: Polish
- **sport**: Track and field athletics
- **event**: sprint, middle distance, long jump
- **club**: AZS Poznań
- **show-medals**: yes
Feilding

**Feilding** is a town in the Manawatū District, New Zealand. It is 20 kilometers north of Palmerston North. It has one high school and six primary schools. It has no traffic lights and parking meters.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 9


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Feilding
- **native name**: Aorangi
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Feilding,_NZ.jpg
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image caption**: Manchester Square
- **nickname**: 'Friendly' Feilding
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: New Zealand
- **subdivision type1**: Region
- **subdivision name1**: Manawatū-Whanganui
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Manawatū District
- **subdivision type3**: Ward
- **seat type**: New Zealand electorates, Electorates
- **leader title**: Territorial Authority
- **leader name**: Manawatū District Council
- **leader title1**: Regional council
- **leader name1**: Horizons Regional Council
- **established date**: 1871
- **named for**: Colonel William Henry Adelbert Feilding
- **area total km2**: 23.59
- **elevation m**: 70
- **elevation ft**: 230
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Time in New Zealand, NZST
- **utc offset1**: +12
- **timezone1 dst**: Time in New Zealand, NZDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: +13
- **postal code type**: Postcode
- **postal code**: 4702
- **area code type**: Telephone
- **area code**: 06
- **website**: [http://www.feilding.co.nz/ www.feilding.co.nz]
Talisman (singer)

**Tal Ben Noon** (born May 30, 1991), known by the stage name **Talisman** (previously also as **Tellis**), is an Israeli rapper, singer, and music producer.

## Early life and education and Music career

Tal Ben Nun was born in Los Angeles to artist Mirit Ben Nun and immigrated to Israel with his family at the age of four and grew up in Moshav Beit Hanania. In high school he studied at the "Hoof HaCarmel" joint school in Ma'agan Michael and served in the IDF as a driver.

When I was a teenager I used to write and record songs amateurishly. The origin of the nickname "Talisman" is in the English word Talisman, which means talisman, and combines with his name Tal.

Towards the end of his military service, he met rapper Izzy and began performing with him as a backup singer. In 2014 they released a joint performance single. In this year he recorded the song Chuck Norris with rapper Ron Nesher.

In 2015 he released the songs "Ad Hamdbar" (with DJ Onli and Omari Sabah), in 2016 "Where the Wind Takes" and in 2017 "Zanzibar". In 2017, he also released "Shlok Makatsav", a duet with Maor Adri.

Ben Nun was chosen in 2017 as Breakthrough of the Year at the Galgalatz y Walla site's annual song parade.

In February 2018, together with singer Far Tassi, he released a song called "Machhishimim" which became a big hit and topped the playlists.

In June 2019, together with Johnny Goldstein, he wrote the song "I am not me" for Yonatan Margi.

In August 2019, she released the first single from a new album, "Romantic Evening", together with singer Or Bar. The song was very successful. In October she released the second single, "Red Rose", together with singer Yam Refaeli.

In September 2019, Jonathan Margi's first mini album, "What's happening" was released, for which he wrote two songs, "Madagascar" and "Forbidden".

In February 2020, he released the third single from his new album, "Broken House." In May 2020, together with singer Harel Sekat, he released the song "Wants to come back", the song was very successful, reaching 7th place on the weekly Media Forest chart. In 2022, together with Raviv Kaner, they released a song "At the Point Where the Light Ends".

On November 30, 2022, he changed his stage name to "Talis" and released an album with this name, in which he speaks more personally about his life, his childhood, his parents and the area where he grew up. He collaborated on the album with artists Sheruf, Eitan Darmon and ZK. After a year, he returned his stage name to.

## Personal life

Talisman was in a relationship with singer Shira Margalit for approximately two and a half years. On October 29, 2018, the song "Comes and Goes" which she wrote and composed with Margalit herself was uploaded to Shira Margalit's YouTube channel. In December 2019, they separated and then he released the song "Broken House" which talks about their relationship.

### Album

- 2022: טליס

## Related pages

- Ofer Levi

## Other websites

- on YouTube

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Tal Ben Noon
- **birth place**: Los Angeles
- **genre**: Rap, Hip Hop
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 2014-present
Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics

At the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, there were 11 swimming events. There were 6 events for men. There were 5 events for women. These events were from Saturday August 8, 1936 to Saturday August 15, 1936. There were 248 swimmers. These swimmers were from 29 different countries.

### Men's events

|100 m freestyle||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|400 m freestyle||||
|1500 m freestyle||||
|100 m backstroke||||
|200 m breaststroke||||
|4 × 200 m freestyle relay|Shigeo Arai Shigeo Sugiura Masaharu Taguchi Masanori Yusa|Ralph Flanagan John Macionis Jack Medica Paul Wolf|Oszkár Abay-Nemes Ferenc Csik Ödön Gróf Árpád Lengyel|

### Women's events

|100 m freestyle||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|400 m freestyle||||
|100 m backstroke||||
|200 m breaststroke||||
|4 × 100 m freestyle relay|Rie Mastenbroek Willy den Ouden Jopie Selbach Tini Wagner|Gisela Arendt Ruth Halbsguth Leni Lohmar Ingeborg Schmitz|Mavis Freeman Bernice Lapp Olive McKean Katherine Rawls|

## Participating nations

There were 248 swimmers. These swimmers were from 29 different nations.

## Infobox (olympic event)

- **event**: Swimming
- **games**: 1936 Summer
- **venue**: Olympiapark Schwimmstadion Berlin
- **dates**: 8–15 August 1936
- **num events**: 11
- **competitors**: 248
- **nations**: 29
- **prev**: Swimming at the 1932 Summer Olympics, 1932
- **next**: Swimming at the 1948 Summer Olympics, 1948
Palestinian Joint Operations Room

The **Palestinian Joint Operations Room** (Arabic: ), also known as the **Joint Room for Palestinian Resistance Factions** (Arabic: ), is a united front that includes the military arms of the Palestinian armed factions in the Gaza Strip. It includes armed groups from various backgrounds, and ideologies from both the right and the left, including Islamists, socialists, nationalists, and others.
- : Hamas
- : Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)
- : Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
- : Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)
- : Popular Resistance Committees (PRC)
- Mujahideen Brigades: (Palestinian Mujahideen Movement)
- (ex-Fatah, no longer aligned with it)
- : (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC)
- Al-Ansar Brigades (Palestinian Freedom Movement)

Ex-Fatah groups not mentioned by Nofal:
- Ayman Jawda Squads
- Abd al-Qadr al-Husseini Brigades
- Al-Assefa Army

## Background

It was formed for the first time in 2006 in order to unite against Israel during clashes and wars and included Hamas and the Islamic Jihad Movement. It was then developed, expanded, and was formed under its current name on July 23, 2018, among 12 military wings after clashes around Al-Aqsa Mosque, the most prominent of which was the installation of electronic gates there by Israel, in what is considered Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem. It currently consists of 12 different armed groups, and has coordinated a large number of attacks on Israel including the October 7 attacks, and has also coordinated defence and retaliations against Israeli attacks. Ayman Nofal in May 2023 explained the goals and organization of the room, which he said was to create an inter-organizational alliance to coordinate operations, and increase the potential of the "Palestinian Resistance", and for it to "become a comprehensive framework for all the organizations, networks and fighters, without exception". He also gave a list of the 9 factions out of 12 which he said were "fully unified under the room".

## Infobox (militant organization)

- **name**: Joint Operations Room
- **native name**: غرفة العمليات المشتركة لفصائل المقاومة الفلسطينية
- **native name lang**: ar
- **ideology**: **shared ideologies**
 United front
 Palestinianism
 Palestinian nationalism
 Palestinian self-determination
 Palestinian political violence, Palestinian armed struggle
 Anti-Zionism
 Anti-imperialism
- **partof**: Axis of Resistance
- **battles**: * Israeli–Palestinian conflict
** 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis
** Israel–Hamas war
*** 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel
*** Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip (2023–present)
Track suit

A **track suit** or **tracksuit** is an outfit made of synthetic fibers originally used in certain sports. It consists of trousers and a matching jacket or sweater.
Coalition Against the Marcos Dictatorship

The **Coalition Against the Marcos Dictatorship** was a group based in North America that fought against the rule of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos during the 1970s.

In February 1986, after the People Power Revolution ended the corrupt Marcos regime, CAMD changed its name to the Committee to Advance the Movement for Democracy and Independence (CAMDI).
Delta Piscis Austrini

**Delta Piscis Austrini** (shortened as **δ PsA**) is a yellow coloured star located in the southern constellation of Piscis Austrinus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of +4.175. There is a star with an apparent magnitude 9.86 located at an angular separation of 5.2 arc seconds, the pair most likely form a binary star system.  Using an annual parallax shift of 18.9796 mas as seen from the Gaia satellite, Delta Piscis Austrini is located 172 or 174 light years from the Sun.

The main star of the system is an evolved G-type giant star with a spectral type of G8III. The star is about 3.74 billion years. It is a red clump star, which means it is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star has an estimated mass of about 1.42 times the mass of the Sun and it emits luminosity 52 times that of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,828 K.

The star is orbiting the Galaxy at a speed of 13.8 km/s like the Sun. Its estimated Galactic orbit carries it between 24,048 (periapsis) and 35,430 (apoapsis) light years from the center of the Galaxy.
Halcombe

**Halcombe** is a small settlement in the Manawatū District, New Zealand. It is located 13 kilometers northwest of Feilding. It has two primary schools in the area.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 8


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Halcombe
- **image skyline**: Halcombe Memorial Hall.JPG
- **image caption**: Halcombe Memorial Hall
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: New Zealand
- **subdivision type1**: Region
- **subdivision name1**: Manawatū-Whanganui
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Manawatū District
- **subdivision type3**: Ward
- **seat type**: New Zealand electorates, Electorates
- **leader title**: Territorial Authority
- **leader name**: Manawatū District Council
- **leader title1**: Regional council
- **leader name1**: Horizons Regional Council
- **population density km2**: auto
- **area total km2**: 5.18