juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Silversun Pickups

**Silversun Pickups** is an American indie band from Los Angeles, California. Silversun Pickups has four members in the band; the current band members are Brian Aubert, Nikki Monninger, Joe Lester, Christopher Guanlao.

## Career

The band was formed by four friends and was originally called, **A Couple of Couples** but was changed to Silversun Pickups because it was an off licence across from the Silverlake Lounge and near their house at Sunset and Silverlake Blvds in Los Angeles. The band currently has Brian Aubert on Vocals and guitar, Nikki Monninger on bass and vocals, Chris Guanlao on drums and Joe Lester on keyboards, samples and sound manipulation.

## Band members

- Current
- Brian Aubert – guitar/Vocals
- Nikki Monninger – bass guitar/vocals
- Chris Guanlao – drums
- Joe Lester – keyboards/samples/sound manipulation

- Former
- Jack Kennedy - Rhythm Guitar
- Elvira Gonzalez - Drums

## Discography

So far as of 2011, Silversun Pickups has released 4 EPs and two albums.

### Albums

- _Carnavas_ (2006)
- _Swoon_ (2009)

### EPs

- _Pikul_ (EP) (2005)
- _Remixes_ (2007)
- _Live Session_ (2007) (iTunes Exclusive)
- _The Tripwire Session: Live in Chicago_ (2007)

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Silversun Pickups
- **img**: Silversun Pickups at Coachella 2009.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Los Angeles, California,
United States
- **genre**: Alternative rock
Indie rock
Dream pop
Shoegaze
- **years active**: 2002–present
- **associated acts**: When Reason Sleeps
You Me At Six
- **url**: [http://www.theblackoutmusic.co.uk The Blackout Website]
- **current members**: Brian Aubert
Nikki Monninger
Joe Lester
Christopher Guanlao
- **former members**: Kennedy (musical artist), Jack Kennedy
Elvira Gonzalez
Tube worm

A **tube worm** is a worm-like sessile invertebrate which anchors its tail to an underwater surface. It creates a mineral tube around its body, and can withdraw the body into it.

Tube worms are found in these groups:
- The phylum Annelida (segmented worms)
    - The class Polychaetea  (bristle worms)
        - The order Canalipalpata  (bristle-footed annelids or fan-head worms)
            - The family Siboglinidae (beard worms)
                - The genus Lamellibrachia
                - The species _Riftia pachyptila_ (giant tube worm)
            - The family Serpulidae
            - The family Sabellidae (feather duster worms)
- The phylum Phoronida (horseshoe worms)
- The order Microconchida (extinct tubeworms)
Kraken

A **kraken** is a huge mythical sea creature. In Scandinavian and Norwegian mythology, kraken lived off the coasts of Norway, Greenland, and Iceland.

Literary works discussed this mysterious sea monster as far back as 1180, according to paleontologist Rodrigo Brincalepe Salvador. The first known sighting was in 1769.

The legend may actually have originated from sightings of real giant squid. They are estimated to grow to 13 meters (40 feet) or more, including the tentacles.

## Related pages

- Mythology
- Sea monster
- Giant squid

## Other websites

- _The King's Mirror_ (See Chapter XII)
Leviathan

**Leviathan** (, "twisted, coiled"), is a monster mentioned in the Bible. In Satanism Leviathan is believed to be one of the princes of Hell. The word has become synonymous with any large sea monster or creature. In classical literature (such as the novel _Moby-Dick_) it refers to great whales, and in Modern Hebrew, it means simply "whale."Although many refer to the book Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes which is one of the most compelling and most controversial works of political philosophy  written in English .Leviathan is mostly known as :

- **a very large aquatic creature, especially a whale:**
- "the great leviathans of the deep"
- **a thing that is very large or powerful, especially an organization or vehicle:**
- "it's a challenge to navigate a wheeled leviathan in rush-hour traffic"
- **an autocratic monarch or state:**  "we must tame the state Leviathan"
K-line

A **k-line** or **kill line** is an IRC term. When a user is k-lined, they are banned from a certain server, either for some time or forever. When the user is banned they are not allowed to join that server again and have to join another one to get back onto IRC. This is recorded as a line in the server's IRC daemon configuration file which has the letter "K" at the beginning. This is where "K-line" comes from.
Shadow cabinet

A **shadow cabinet** is a term which applies in some parliamentary democracies based on the UK parliamentary tradition. It is a group of politicians who hold a political position in their party, but whose party is not in government (that is, an opposition party). A member of the shadow cabinet is a **shadow minister**. The leader of a shadow cabinet is called the Leader of the Opposition. The term is of United Kingdom origin, and is used by some members of the Commonwealth. Some elements are found in other democratic systems of government.

Each minister of a Cabinet has a corresponding shadow minister. The shadow minister may provide alternative policies to the minister in the government. The two of them may debate on issues relating to their area of jurisdiction. For example, the British "Shadow Secretary of State for Health" often replies to the Secretary of State for Health.

The current UK Shadow Cabinet is made up of members of the Conservative Party. The term refers only to the party in opposition which has the most seats of the opposition parties.
Michelle Malkin

**Michelle Malkin** (born October 20, 1970) is a conservative blogger, political commentator and author. She runs a weekly syndicated column. Her weekly syndicated column is in a number of newspapers and websites. She is a Fox News Channel contributor and has been a guest on MSNBC, C-SPAN, and national radio programs. Malkin has written four books published by Regnery Publishing.
Dodge Ram Van

The **Dodge B-Series**, also marketed as the **Dodge Ram Van**, was a series line of passenger or cargo vans which began around 1971 and ended in 2003. These vans were full sized. They had the names of **Sportsman** for the passenger van. The cargo vans were named **Dodge Tradesman**. This was before 1979, beginning in which year these vehicles were renamed **Dodge Ram Van**. The vehicles were marketed under Dodge. The B-Series vans were discontinued in June of 2003 and replaced with the **Dodge Sprinter**, which is a rebadged version of the **Mercedes-Benz Sprinter**, which has been on sale since 2002, las the model line currently competes with the Chevrolet Van, Chevrolet Express, Ford Econoline, and GMC Savana.
Seventh Son of a Seventh Son

***Seventh Son of a Seventh Son*** is a studio album by Iron Maiden.  It went on sale on 11 April 1988.

It is a concept album, and talks about the idea that a seventh son of a seventh son has special powers.  The album was the most popular one in the United Kingdom when it went on sale.

The album got good reviews.  One person who reviewed it said that "ranks among [Iron Maiden's] best work."

## Musicians

- Bruce Dickinson - lead vocals
- Dave Murray - guitar
- Adrian Smith - guitar, backing vocals, synth
- Steve Harris - bass, string synth,  backing vocals
- Nicko McBrain - drums, percussion

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Seventh Son of a Seventh Son
- **type**: Studio album
- **artist**: Iron Maiden
- **released**: 11 April 1988
- **genre**: Heavy metal music, Heavy metal
- **length**: 43:50
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: EMI
- **producer**: Martin Birch
- **prev title**: Somewhere in Time (album), Somewhere in Time
- **prev year**: 1986
- **next title**: No Prayer for the Dying
- **next year**: 1990
Candida albicans

***Candida albicans*** is a yeast which causes oral and genital infections in humans. The infection is candidiasis, better known as "thrush". It is treated with antimycotics (anti-fungal drugs).

_C. albicans_ biofilms readily form on the surface of medical devices. Hospital-related infections in patients are a major health concern.

_C. albicans_ is among the gut flora, the many organisms that live in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract. Under normal circumstances, it lives in 80% of the human population with no harmful effects, although overgrowth results in candidiasis.
Stained glass

**Stained glass** is glass coloured by adding metallic salts when it is made. The coloured glass is made into **stained glass windows**. Small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures. The glass is held together  by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame.

Painted details and yellow stain are often used to improve the design. The term stained glass is also applied to windows in which the colours have been painted onto the glass and then fused to the glass in a kiln.

Stained glass is much used in Christian art but other themes are not rare. It is still popular today, and often called art glass. It is often used in luxury homes and commercial buildings.

Some colours are added to stained glass by the salts of:
- Copper: metal gives dark red glass
- Gold: metal in tiny amounts (0.001%) produces ruby red glass
- Silver, usually silver nitrate, gives range of red to yellow colours
- Cobalt: brilliant blue
- Manganese dioxide: green
- Iron(II) oxide: blue-green
- Chromium: dark green
Shutter Island (movie)

***Shutter Island*** is a 2010 American psychological thriller movie directed by Martin Scorsese, with Leonardo DiCaprio, based on novel _Dennis Levane_.

The movie cost about $80 million to make.  Worldwide, it had a total gross profit of $294,803,014.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Shutter Island
- **director**: Martin Scorsese
- **producer**: Mike Medavoy
Arnold W. Messer
Bradley J. Fischer
Martin Scorsese
- **screenplay**: Laeta Kalogridis
- **editing**: Thelma Schoonmaker
- **cinematography**: Robert Richardson
- **based on**: Shutter Island
by Dennis Lehane
- **starring**: Leonardo DiCaprio
Mark Ruffalo
Ben Kingsley
Michelle Williams (actress), Michelle Williams
Emily Mortimer
Patricia Clarkson
Max von Sydow
- **studio**: Paramount Pictures
Phoenix Pictures
Sikelia Productions
Appian Way Productions
- **distributor**: Paramount Pictures
- **released**: February 13, 2010 (Berlinale)
February 19, 2010 (United States)
- **budget**: $80 million
- **language**: English
- **runtime**: 138 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **gross**: $294.8 million
Chevrolet Caprice

**Chevrolet Caprice** and **Caprice Classic** are fully sized vehicles produced by General Motors. The vehicles were first produced around 1965. The cars were discontinued in the United States during 1996, though they returned for 2011. These cars are used as police vehicles or as taxis in many countries.
Euston Road

**Euston Road** is the main east/west road in the north central London.

A number of railway stations are on the Euston Road including Marylebone station, Baker Street tube station, Great Portland Street tube station, Euston railway station, Euston tube station, Euston Square tube station, King's Cross station, St Pancras station and King's Cross St Pancras tube station.

It is also the home of the British Library, the Friend's Meeting House (a place of worship for Quakers) and various buildings associated with University College London.

Euston Road is connected to Marylebone Road, Baker Street, Tottenham Court Road, Pentonville Road and many other roads.
Calvin cycle

The **Calvin cycle** (also known as the **Benson-Calvin cycle**) is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis.

The cycle is light-independent because it takes place after the energy has been captured from sunlight.

The Calvin cycle is named after Melvin Calvin, who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for finding it in 1961. Calvin and his colleagues, Andrew Benson and James Bassham, did the work at the University of California, Berkeley.

## Context

Using the radioactive carbon-14 isotope as a tracer, Calvin, Andrew Benson and their team mapped the complete route that carbon travels through a plant during photosynthesis. They traced the carbon-14 from soaking up its atmospheric carbon dioxide to its conversion into carbohydrates and other organic compounds. The single-celled algae _Chlorella_ was used to trace the carbon-14.

The Calvin group showed that sunlight acts on the chlorophyll in a plant to fuel the manufacture of organic compounds, not directly on carbon dioxide as previously believed.

## Steps

The steps in the cycle are as follows:

1. Grab: A five-carbon carbon catcher called RuBP (Ribulose bisphosphate) catches one molecule of carbon dioxide and forms a six-carbon molecule.

2. Split: the enzyme RuBisCO (with the energy of ATP and NADPH molecules) breaks the six-carbon molecule into two equal parts.

3. Leave: A trio of carbons leave and become sugar. The other trio moves on to the next step.

4. Switch: Using ATP and NADPH, the three-carbon molecule is changed into a five-carbon molecule.

5. The cycle starts over again.

### The product

The carbohydrate products of the Calvin cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or 'glucose triose phosphates' (G3P). Each step of the cycle has its own enzyme which speeds up the reaction.

## References

fi:Yhteyttäminen#Valoreaktiot ja pimeäreaktiot
Political machine

A **political machine** (sometimes called just **machine** in politics) is a political organization in which a person or small group with authority that has enough votes or is popular enough to have control over political administration or any type of government in a city, county, or state. The term _political machine_ has been used mostly since the 19th century in the United States, used to describe machines like Tamanny Hall who stayed in control mostly because of the large support from the immigrants in Manhattan during the 19th century.
Hall & Oates

**Hall & Oates** is an American musical group. The members are Daryl Hall and John Oates. They came from Philadelphia. Their greatest fame was from the late 1970s to mid 1980s. During this time they had many hit songs. They faded from view in 1990, but the duo are still performing together.

## Albums

- _Whole Oats_ (1972)
- _Abandoned Luncheonette_ (1973)
- _War Babies_ (1974)
- _Daryl Hall & John Oates_ (1975)
- _Bigger Than Both of Us_ (1976)
- _Beauty on a Back Street_ (1977)
- _Along the Red Ledge_ (1978)
- _X-Static_ (1979)
- _Voices_ (1980)
- _Private Eyes_ (1981)
- _H2O_ (1982)
- _Big Bam Boom_ (1984)
- _Ooh Yeah!_ (1988)
- _Change of Season_ (1990)
- _Marigold Sky_ (1997)
- _Do It for Love_ (2003)
- _Our Kind of Soul_ (2004)
- _Home for Christmas_ (2006)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Hall & Oates
- **img**: Hall & Oates.jpg
- **img capt**: Daryl Hall and John Oates, 2008
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States
- **genre**: Pop rock, Blue Eyed Soul, soft rock
- **years active**: 1969–2024
- **label**: Atlantic Records, Atlantic, RCA Records, RCA, Arista Records, Arista, U-Watch Records, U-Watch
- **past members**: Daryl Hall
John Oates
Duke of Normandy

The title **Duke of Normandy** was given to the rulers of the duchy of Normandy. This fief was created in 911 by Charles the Simple King of France for Rollo, a leader of Northmen. In 1066 the seventh duke, William II, became King William I of England. The title of Duke of Normandy was held by the Kings of England until Henry III gave up the title by treaty in 1259. King John had lost mainland Normandy in 1204, and kept only the Channel Islands.  Today the Channel Islands are a British Crown dependency.

In 1660 when King Charles II was restored to the throne, the King of France, Louis XIV, created Charles' brother James Duke of Normandy, probably as a show of support for monarchy and to stop Charles claiming the title himself.

### House of Normandy

- Rollo (911–928)
- William I Longsword (928–942)
- Richard I (942–996)
- Richard II the Good (996–1026)
- Richard III (1026–1027)
- Robert I The Magnificent (1027–1035)
- William the Conqueror* (1035–1087) (William II as Duke of Normandy, William I as King of England)
- Robert II Curthose (1087–1106)
    - William Rufus* as regent (1096–1100)
    - William Clito as claimant (1106–1134)
- Henry I Beauclerk* (1106–1135)
    - William III Atheling (Under his father, Henry I)

### House of Blois

- Stephen of Blois* (1135–1144) (usurped from Empress Matilda)

### House of Plantagenet

- Geoffrey Plantagenet (1144–1150) (_jure uxoris_)
- Henry II* (1150–1189)
    - Henry the Young King* as junior duke (1170–1183)
- Richard IV Lionheart* (1189–1199)
- John Lackland* (1199–1216), lost mainland Normandy in 1204.
- Henry III* (1216–1259), renounced mainland Normandy and the ducal title by Treaty of Paris (1259).
Fernando Wood

**Fernando Wood** (14 June 1812 – 14 February, 1881) was an American politician of the Democratic Party from Pennsylvania. He served as the Mayor of New York City twice (1855 – 1857, 1860 – 1862), United States Representative three times (1841–1843, 1863–1865, and 1867–1881) and as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means in both the 45th and 46th United States Congress (1877–1881). He was head of the political machine Tammany Hall. In 1854 he was elected Mayor of New York City and took office in 1855. He ran again in 1856, but lost to Daniel F. Tiemann, who was mayor from 1857 to 1859.  Wood was re-elected in 1860 and took office again that year, for the last time. After being a mayor, Wood returned to the United States Congress. He died at the age of 68.

## Infobox (congressman)

- **name**: Fernando Wood
- **image**: Fernando Wood - Brady-Handy.jpg
- **caption**: Fernando Wood, c. 1860s
- **birth place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **death place**: Hot Springs, Arkansas, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **office**: 73rd and 75th Mayor of New York City
- **term start**: January 1, 1860
- **term end**: December 31, 1862
- **predecessor**: Daniel F. Tiemann
- **successor**: George Opdyke
- **term start2**: January 1, 1855
- **term end2**: December 31, 1858
- **predecessor2**: Jacob Aaron Westervelt
- **successor2**: Daniel F. Tiemann
- **office3**: Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from New York (state), New York
- **constituency3**: New York's 9th congressional district, 9th district (1867-73)
New York's 10th congressional district, 10th district (1873-75)
New York's 9th congressional district, 9th district (1875-81)
- **term start3**: March 4, 1867
- **term end3**: February 14, 1881
- **preceded3**: William A. Darling
- **succeeded3**: John Hardy (US politician), John Hardy
- **constituency4**: New York's 5th congressional district, 5th district
- **term start4**: March 4, 1863
- **term end4**: March 3, 1865
- **predecessor4**: William Wall (U.S. politician), William Wall
- **successor4**: Nelson Taylor
- **constituency5**: New York's 3rd congressional district, 3rd district (seat B)
- **term start5**: March 4, 1841
- **term end5**: March 3, 1843
- **predecessor5**: Edward Curtis (politician), Edward Curtis
- **successor5**: Jonas P. Phoenix
Ford Expedition

The **Ford Expedition** is a full sized SUV that can carry up to nine people. This SUV debuted around 1997 as a replacement for Ford Bronco. The vehicle is used by EMS, by law enforcement and by fire department agencies.

## First Generation (1997-2002)

The First generation Expedition, also known as the UN93 was manufactured on July 22, 1996 in Wayne, Michigan  and Revealed on October 2 ,1996. Its front end is identical to the 10th gen Ford F-150. It has 3 variants, XLT, Eddie Bauer, and SVT (Which was discontinued days later). The engines can be a 4.6, 5.4, and 5.6.

## Second Generation (2003-2006)

The Second generation Expedition was manufactured on March 2002 under the U222 chassis code in Wayne, Michigan and revealed at the 2002 North American International Auto Show.
Chironex fleckeri

***Chironex fleckeri***, commonly known as **sea wasp**, is a well-known, lethal,  venomous species of Box jellyfish. It lives in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea north to the Philippines and Vietnam. Humans can easily be killed by its sting. It is considered the most lethal jellyfish in the world because of the numerous incidents resulting in injury or death to humans.

## Other websites

- Distribution of Box Jellyfish in Australia
Ford Flex

The **Ford Flex** was a full size crossover SUV. It was made by Ford Motor Company. Its styling was based on the concept of the Ford Fairlane. The vehicle was launched in 2007 at the New York International Auto Show.

In 2008, it replaced the Ford Taurus X/Ford Freestyle, the Ford Freestar and its sibling, the Mercury Monterey.

In 2013, it was improved. It had a new bonnet, new grille, new headlights, new rear lights and new front and rear bumpers

In 2018, Ford discontinued the Flex after the 2019 year model without a replacement.

## Sales in the United States

|Year|Sales|
| --- | --- |
|2008|14,457|
|2009|38,717|
|2010|34,227|
|2011|27,428|
|2012|28,224|
|2013|25,953|
|2014|23,822|
|2015|19,570|
|2016|22,668|
|2017|22,389|
|2018|20,308|
|2019|24,484|
|2020|4,848|
|Total|307,145|

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Ford Flex
- **image**: File:2010 Ford Flex Limited 1 -- 11-25-2009.jpg
- **caption**: 2010 Ford Flex Limited
- **manufacturer**: Ford Motor Company
- **production**: June 3, 2008–2018
- **model years**: 2009–2019
- **assembly**: Canada: Oakville, Ontario (Oakville Assembly)
- **designer**: Peter Horbury
- **class**: Full size car, Full-size crossover SUV
- **body style**: 4-door SUV
- **platform**: Ford D3 platform#D4, Ford D4 platform
- **related**: Ford Explorer#Fifth generation (U502; 2011), Ford Explorer (2011-2019)
Ford Taurus, Ford Taurus (sixth generation)<br/ >Ford Taurus, Ford Taurus (fifth generation)
Lincoln MKS
Lincoln MKT
- **layout**: FF layout / all wheel drive, AWD layout
- **engine**: 3.5 L Ford Cyclone engine#3.5 L, Duratec V6 engine, V6
3.5 L Ford EcoBoost engine#3.5 L, EcoBoost V6
- **transmission**: 6-speed GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission, 6F50 automatic transmission, automatic
 6-speed GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission, 6F55 automatic
- **weight**: 4468 lb. (FWD)
  4640 lb. (AWD)
- **predecessor**: Ford Taurus X, Ford Taurus X/Ford Freestyle
Ford Freestar
Ford Freestar, Mercury Monterey
The Prodigy

**The Prodigy** are an English electronic dance music group. It was by Liam Howlett in 1990 in Braintree, Essex. Along with Fatboy Slim, The Chemical Brothers and The Crystal Method, as well as other acts, members of the Prodigy have been said as founders of the big beat genre which achieved mainstream popularity in the 1990s and 2000s. They have sold over 25 million records worldwide. They named the band after the  synthesizer, Moog Prodigy.

## Studio albums

- _Experience_ (1992)
- _Music for the Jilted Generation_ (1994)
- _The Fat of the Land_ (1997)
- _Always Outnumbered, Never Outgunned_ (2004)
- _Invaders Must Die_ (2009)
- _The Day Is My Enemy_ (2015)
- _No Tourists_ (2018)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: The Prodigy
- **image**: Prodigy-rock-am-ring-2009.jpg
- **caption**: The Prodigy in 2009
- **image size**: 260
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Braintree, Essex, Braintree, Essex, England
- **genre**: Electronic, big beat, breakbeat, rave music, rave, dance-punk, alternative dance, alternative rock, electronic rock, industrial
- **years active**: 1990–present
- **label**: Take Me to the Hospital (record label), Take Me to the Hospital, Ragged Flag, Cooking Vinyl, XL Recordings, XL, Beggars Banquet Records, Beggars Banquet, Mute Records, Mute, Maverick Records, Maverick, Warner Bros. Records, Warner Bros., Elektra Records, Elektra, Shock Records, Shock
- **url**: [http://www.theprodigy.com www.the prodigy.com]
- **current members**: Liam Howlett
Maxim Reality, Maxim
- **past members**: Leeroy Thornhill
Keith Flint
Sharky
Rotes Rathaus

The **Red City Hall** () is the town hall of Berlin, in the Mitte borough on Rathausstraße near Alexanderplatz. It is the home to the governing mayor and the government (the Senate of Berlin) of the Federal state of Berlin. The landmark building got its name from the red clinker bricks with which it is covered.

## History

The Rathaus was built between 1861 and 1869 in the style of the north Italian High Renaissance by Hermann Friedrich Waesemann. It was modelled on the Old Town Hall of Toruń, now in Poland, while the architecture of the tower is reminiscent of the cathedral tower of Notre-Dame of Laon in France.  It replaced several individual buildings dating from the Middle Ages and now fills an entire city block.

The building was heavily damaged by Allied bombing in World War II and rebuilt to the original plans between 1951 and 1956. The _Neues Stadthaus_, which survived the bombing and had been the head office of the Berlin city fire insurance company  in Parochialstraße was the temporary city hall for the post-war city government for all four sectors of Berlin until September 1948.  Following that time, it housed only those of the Soviet sector. The reconstructed Rotes Rathaus, then in the Soviet sector, served as the town hall of East Berlin, while the Rathaus Schöneberg in Schöneberg borough was seat of the West Berlin Senate.  After German reunification, the administration of reunified Berlin officially moved into the Rotes Rathaus on 1 October 1991.

## Related pages

- Senate of Berlin
- Mayor of Berlin
- List of mayors of Berlin
- Alexanderplatz
- Nikolaiviertel
- Fernsehturm Berlin
- Marienkirche
- Marx-Engels-Forum

## Other websites

- CityMayors feature
- Red Town Hall 360° Panorama
Gondwana Rainforests

The **Gondwana Rainforests** of Australia, formerly the 'Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves', are the most extensive area of subtropical rainforest in the world. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The area includes 50 separate reserves covering . It is around the New South Wales–Queensland border.

The Gondwana Rainforests are so-called because the fossil record indicates that when Gondwana existed it was covered by rainforests containing the same kinds of species that are living today. The number of visitors to the reserve is about two million per year.

## National parks

The Queensland areas include the Main Range, at its most northern point; and extending south, the Lamington, Mount Chinghee, Springbrook and Mount Barney national parks.

The New South Wales areas include the Barrington Tops, at its most southern point; and extending north, the Dorrigo, Mount Warning, New England, Mebbin, Nightcap, Border Ranges, Oxley Wild Rivers, Washpool, Willi Willi and Werrikimbe national parks.

The most heavily visited parts are Dorrigo National Park and the Natural Bridge section of Springbrook National Park.

## Related pages

- List of World Heritage Sites in Australia
- Numinbah Nature Reserve

## Infobox (designation list)

- **embed**: yes
- **designation1**: ANHL
- **designation1 offname**: _Gondwana Rainforests of Australia_
- **designation1 type**: National heritage (landscape)
- **designation1 date**: 17 December 1994
- **designation1 number**: 105135
- **designation1 free1name**: Class
- **designation1 free1value**: Natural
- **designation1 free2name**: Legal Status
- **designation1 free2value**: Declared property
- **designation1 free3name**: List
- **designation free3value**: World Heritage List
- **designation2**: New South Wales State Heritage Register
- **designation2 offname**: _Gondwana Rainforests of Australia_; _Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves_; _Gondwana Rainforests of Australia_ (new name from 2007); _North East Rainforests World Heritage Area_
- **designation2 type**: State heritage (landscape)
- **designation2 date**: 2 April 1999
- **designation2 number**: 1002
- **designation2 free1name**: Type
- **designation2 free1value**: Wilderness
- **designation2 free2name**: Category
- **designation2 free2value**: Landscape - Natural
- **designation2 free3name**: Builders


## Infobox (unesco world heritage site)

- **whs**: Gondwana Rainforests of Australia
- **image**: Box Log Falls.jpg
- **image upright**: 1.2
- **caption**: Box Log Falls, Lamington National Park in Queensland.
- **location**: New South Wales and Queensland, Australia
- **criteria**: (viii), (ix), (x)
- **id**: 368bis
- **year**: 1986
- **extension**: 1994
Baja California

**Baja California** may refer to:
- Baja California (state)
- Baja California Peninsula
Yucatán

**Yucatán** may refer to:
- Yucatán Peninsula
- Yucatán (state), much smaller than the peninsula
Chihuahua

**Chihuahua** usually refers to:

- Chihuahua (dog), a breed of dog named after the state
- Chihuahua (state), a state in Mexico
- Chihuahua (city), capital city of that state

**Chihuahua** may also refer to:

## Food

- Queso Chihuahua, a type of cheese originating in the state

## Music

- "Chihuahua" (song), a song by Louis Oliveira and His Bandodalua Boys, covered and made famous by DJ BoBo

## Places

- Chihuahua City, the capital city of the Mexican state
- Chihuahua Municipality, the municipality surrounding the city
Chihuahua Municipality

**Chihuahua** is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat is the state capital, the city of Chihuahua.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 758,791, with 748,551 in the municipal seat. It covers an area of .

## References

- Municipio de Chihuahua  _Enciclopedia de los municipios de México_, INAFED
Chihuahua City

The city of **Chihuahua** is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It is also the seat of Chihuahua Municipality. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent _maquiladoras_.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: City of Chihuahua
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: _Valentía, Lealtad, Hospitalidad_ ()
- **image flag**: Bandera del Municipio de Chihuahua 2006-Presente.png
- **image seal**: Escudo de Armas de la Ciudad de Chihuahua.svg
- **image map**: Chihuahua en Chihuahua.svg
- **mapsize**: 180px
- **map caption**: Location in the state of Chihuahua
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: Chihuahua (state), Chihuahua
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Mexico, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Chihuahua Municipality, Chihuahua
- **leader title**: Alcalde
- **leader name**: Marco Quezada (Institutional Revolutionary Party, PRI)
- **established date**: October 12th, 1709
- **population as of**: 2010 Mexico Census, 2010
- **population total**: 841,490
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **population blank1**: Chihuahuan
- **timezone**: Mountain Standard Time, MST
- **utc offset**: −7
- **timezone dst**: Mountain Daylight Time, MDT
- **utc offset dst**: −6
- **website**: [http://www.municipiochihuahua.gob.mx City of Chihuahua]
- **elevation m**: 1415
- **elevation ft**: 4,636
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 31000
- **area code**: Area codes in Mexico, +52 614
Bridle path

A **bridle path** is a pathway or trail between two places.  It is designed for people riding horses, but can also be used by people walking.  A footpath is a track between two places designed only for people walking.
Gabrielle Giffords

**Gabrielle Giffords** is an American politician. She was born on June 8, 1970. She is a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives. She was badly injured January 8, 2011, during a shooting in Tucson, Arizona after being shot in the head at very close range, but survived. She was holding a meeting around the parking lot of a supermarket when the shooting happened.

Since 2007, she has been married to astronaut and United States Senator Mark Kelly.

Dem. Gabrielle Giffords was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona's 8th district from January 1, 2001 - January 25, 2012. She made a living translating English medical terms into Spanish for the use in the ER to Pediatrics. In Tuscan, Arizona on January 8, 2011 at a Wal-Mart shopping plaza she was holding a meeting for herself and the public to share concerns about the current and future state of Arizona along with its role at the White House with newly elected President Barack Obama. At that time she was unaware of that day and what it would mean to her colleagues and constituents, as well as, other American citizens around the country. She made multiple appearances during her recovery on the floor of Congress during important laws trying to be passed to the Senate and President for approval. Dem. Giffords continuing resiliency to remember that 'change' is an important part of democracy to continue to stay relevant in a world connected with each other hand in hand in the blink of an eye across the globe. When someone's character or beliefs come into question by another person or imitator online, persons should be made aware of their surroundings and be able to feel safe in public.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gabrielle Giffords
- **image**: Gabrielle Giffords by Gage Skidmore 4.jpg
- **caption**: Giffords in 2019
- **state**: Arizona
- **district**: Arizona's 8th congressional district, 8th
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **term start**: January 3, 2007
- **term end**: January 25, 2012
- **predecessor**: Jim Kolbe
- **successor**: Ron Barber
- **state senate2**: Arizona
- **district2**: 28th
- **term start2**: January 8, 2003
- **term end2**: December 1, 2005
- **predecessor2**: Randall Gnant
- **successor2**: Paula Aboud
- **state house3**: Arizona
- **district3**: 13th
- **term start3**: January 1, 2001
- **term end3**: January 8, 2003
- **predecessor3**: Andy Nichols
- **successor3**: Steve Gallardo
- **birth name**: Gabrielle Dee Giffords
- **birth place**: Tucson, Arizona
- **alma mater**: Cornell University
Scripps College
- **residence**: Tucson, Arizona
- **spouse**: Mark Kelly (m. 2007)
- **profession**: Politician; Businesswoman
- **signature**: Signature of Gabrielle Giffords.jpg
- **signature alt**: Gabrielle Giffords
King in Prussia

**King in Prussia** was the title used by the rulers of Prussia from 1702 to 1772.

The rulers, who were also Princes and Margraves of Brandenberg wanted to be Kings, but knew that the Holy Roman Emperor would not allow them the title.

In return for support in the War of the Spanish Succession Emperor Leopold I allowed Frederick to call himself King in Prussia.  The Duchy of Prussia was outside the Empire, and he was only regarded as King outside the Empire.

In 1772 Frederick II annexed most of Poland and decided to call himself King of Prussia.  The Holy Roman Emperor was not as strong as they had been, and in 1806 the Empire ceased to exist.
Tabasco pepper

The **tabasco pepper** is a variety of chili pepper species _Capsicum frutescens_. It is best known through its use in Tabasco sauce, followed by _peppered vinegar_.
Tabasco sauce

**Tabasco sauce**  is the brand name for a hot sauce produced by  US-based McIlhenny Company of Avery Island, Louisiana. Tabasco sauce is made from tabasco peppers (_Capsicum frutescens_ var. _tabasco_), vinegar, and salt, and aged in white oak barrels for three years. It has a hot, spicy flavor.
Tabasco

**Tabasco** may refer to:
- Tabasco (state)
- Tabasco pepper
- Tabasco sauce
Kansas–Nebraska Act

The **Kansas–Nebraska Act** of 1854 made the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, allowing the states to vote on whether slavery was legal or not. This law canceled the Missouri Compromise, which declared that slavery was not legal in those areas. It was passed on May 30, 1854. The Kansas-Nebraska Act angered many in the North who considered the Missouri Compromise to be a long-standing agreement. In the pro-slavery South, it was strongly supported.

After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters rushed in to settle Kansas to affect the outcome of the first election held after the new law went into effect.  Pro-slavery settlers carried the election but anti-slavery settlers claimed the results were fraudulent, and did not accept defeat.  The resulting fighting in Kansas gave it the nickname "Bleeding Kansas".

## Other websites

- The Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Kansas-Nebraska Act from the Library of Congress
Guerrero

**Guerrero** may refer to:
- Guerrero (state)
- Guerrero Municipality, Chihuahua
- Guerrero Municipality, Coahuila
- Guerrero Municipality, Tamaulipas
Guerrero Municipality, Chihuahua

**Guerrero** is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Vicente Guerrero (aka **Ciudad Guerrero**). The municipality covers an area of 5,603.6 km².

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Guerrero
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Presidencia Municipal de Guerrero, Chihuahua.jpg
- **image caption**: Municipal Palace
- **image shield**: Escudo del Municipio De Guerrero.jpg
- **image map**: Guerrero en Chihuahua.svg
- **mapsize**: 300
- **map caption**: Municipality of Guerrero in Chihuahua
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: January 5, 1826
- **named for**: Vicente Guerrero
- **seat type**: Municipal seat, Seat
- **seat**: Vicente Guerrero, Chihuahua, Vicente Guerrero
- **seat1 type**: Largest city
- **seat1**: La Junta
- **area total km2**: 5603.6
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 35,473
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population blank1 title**: Ethnicities
- **population blank2 title**: Religions
Guerrero Municipality, Coahuila

**Guerrero** is a one of the 38 municipalities of Coahuila, in north-eastern Mexico. The municipal seat lies at Guerrero. The municipality covers an area of 3,219.7 km² and is located on the international border between Mexico and the USA, here formed by the Río Bravo del Norte (Rio Grande), adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas.
Guerrero Municipality, Tamaulipas

**Guerrero** is a municipality in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.

## Other websites

- Gobierno Municipal de Guerrero Official website
Prince-elector

**Prince-electors** () were the group of rulers of German countries which elected the Holy Roman Emperor.  In English they were usually called "Electors" and included the Elector of Brandenburg, who also began ruling as King of Prussia, and the Electors of Hanover, who were also kings of Great Britain after 1714.
Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg

In 1692 the **Duke of Hanover** was made an Elector of the Holy Roman Emperor.  After then the Dukes were usually called Electors of Hanover, .

Queen Anne of England and Great Britain had no children, Sophia-Dorothea was chosen as her protestant heir.  When Anne died in 1714, Sophia Dorothea's son the Elector of Hanover became King George I of Great Britain.
Base Ball Bear

**Base Ball Bear** is a Japanese rock band from Tokyo, Japan. Base Ball Bear has four members in the band; the current band members are Yūsuke Koide, Shiori Sekine and Daisuke Horinouchi.

## Career

The band, originally called “Planet,” was formed by four friends for a one-time performance at a high school culture festival. But they decided to continue playing because of how well they were received at the festival and how much fun they were having. The band was afviced by Toshiba EMI to change their name after sending their demo tapes to record labels and they chose **Base Ball Bear** which they got from Chocolat's song, “Base Ball and Elvis Presley”. The band currently has Yūsuke Koide on vocals and guitar, Shiori Sekine on bass guitar and backing vocals and Daisuke Horinouchi on drums and chorus. Shōhei Yuasa, who used to play the guitar along with them, left the band on March 2, 2016.

## Band members

- Current
- Yūsuke Koide – Vocals/guitar
- Shiori Sekine – bass guitar/backing vocals
- Daisuke Horinouchi – drums/chorus

- Former
- Shōhei Yuasa - guitar

## Other websites

- Official website (Japanese)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Base Ball Bear
- **img capt**: Left to right: Yuasa, Sekine, Koide and Horinouchi
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Tokyo, Japan
- **genre**: Rock (music), Rock
- **label**: Blitz Pia Records (2003-2005)
EMI Music Japan (2006-2013)
UNIVERSAL MUSIC JAPAN / EMI Records(2013-)
- **years active**: 2001–present
- **url**: [http://www.baseballbear.com Base Ball Website]
- **current members**: Yūsuke Koide
Shiori Sekine
Daisuke Horinouchi
- **former members**: Shōhei Yuasa
Pontiac Bonneville

The **Pontiac Bonneville** was an American automobile. It was introduced in 1957 and discontinued in 2005 model year. The Bonneville was available as a convertible, sedan or coupe. This car was distributed through the Pontiac division of General Motors. It was named after the salt flats of Bonneville, Utah.

The Bonneville ran for ten generations, each with distinct styling and engineering. Bonnevilles came with either V6 or V8 configuration engines, producing anywhere from 135 horsepower to 390 horsepower, depending on model.
Pontiac Grand Prix

The **Pontiac Grand Prix** was an American-made car. It was first introduced around 1962. The car was sold through the Pontiac division of General Motors. They stopped selling the car in 2008.
Aeronwy Thomas

**Aeronwy Bryn Thomas-Ellis** (3 March 1943 – 27 July 2009)
was the second child of the Welsh poet Dylan Thomas.

Born in London, where her parents lived at the time, she was named for the River Aeron. In 1949, the family moved to the Boat House, Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, Wales.
After her father's death in 1953, she and her mother went to Rome, later moving to Sicily.
She learnt Italian and became a translator of Italian poetry. She was also known as an ambassador for her father's work, and as a patron of the **Dylan Thomas Society**.
Visiting professor in schools and universities in the U.K. and abroad, in the late ‘90s  she was very popular with the students of Giuseppe Perotti School in Torino, Italy,  for her "creative writing" courses.
In 2007 she became President of IMMAGINE&POESIA (Image and Poetry), the international artistic literary movement founded at Teatro Alfa, Torino, Italy.

Aeronwy Thomas died in 2009 in New Malden London, aged 66.

## Works (selection)

- _Later than Laugharne_  (Celtion, 1976)
- _Christmas in the Boathouse_ (2003)
- _A daughter remembers Dylan_ (Merton Books, 2006) - an expanded version of the booklet _Christmas and Other Memories_
- _I Colori Delle Parole_ (Rotaract, 2007) -  includes poems by Aeronwy Thomas and paintings by Gianpiero Actis (in Italian and English)
- _Burning Bridges_ (Cross-Cultural Communications, Merrick, New York, 2008)
- _Shadows and Shades - Selected Poems_ (Poetry Monthly Press, 2009)
- _My Father's Places_ (Constable, 2009)
Droseraceae

**Droseraceae** is a family of flowering plants. The family is also known under its common name, the sundew family.

It consists of carnivorous plants: besides the sundews, the genus _Drosera_, it also contains the even more famous Venus flytrap (_Dionaea muscipula_). The sundews produce sticky substances on their leaves that traps prey, and the Venus fly trap has leaves that form traps that close when disturbed.
Amaranthaceae

**Amaranthaceae** is a family of flowering plants are the Amaranth family, contains about 160 genera and 2,400 species. Most of these species are herbs or subshrubs; very few are trees or climbers.

This is a widespread and cosmopolitan family found mostly in subtropical and tropical regions, although many species belong in cool temperate regions.
Art Fleming

**Arthur Fleming Fazzin** (May 1, 1924-April 25, 1995) was an American television host. He is best known as the original host of the game show _Jeopardy!_ from 1964 until 1975 and again from 1978 to 1979.

## Biography

He was born in New York City to William and Marie Fazzin, who had emigrated to the United States from Austria. Art studied at Colgate and Cornell Universities, and he later served in the United States Navy during World War II.

Fleming first appeared on television as a body double for Ralph Bellamy in a detective series called _Man Against Crime_. He later starred in movies like _The Flying Tigers_ and _International Detective_. He also played a lawyer named Jeremy Pitt in an NBC series called _The Californians_. It was set during the gold rush in San Francisco in the 1850s. He also appeared in television commercials before becoming the first host of the game show _Jeopardy!_ on March 30, 1964. Fleming hosted _Jeopardy!_ until 1975. He won two Emmy Awards for that program.

Fleming died after a two week battle with pancreatic cancer on April 25, 1995, just six days before turning 71. The same disease would later affect his successor on _Jeopardy!_, Alex Trebek, 25 years later when he died on November 8, 2020 at the age of 80.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Art Fleming
- **image**: Art_Fleming_in_1970.png
- **caption**: Fleming in August 1970
- **birthname**: Arthur Fleming Fazzin
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Crystal River, Florida, Crystal River, Florida, United States, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1949–1992
Dimples

**Dimples** are genetically inherited indentations of the skin. They are caused by the flesh underneath the skin, that forms on some people's cheeks, especially when they smile. Some people may only have one dimple on only one side of the face.
Ford Aerostar

The **Ford Aerostar** was the first minivan manufactured by Ford Motor Company. The vehicle was introduced in 1985 as a 1986 model. The Aerostar was discontinued after 1997 and replaced by the Windstar, which was sold alongside since 1995. although Aerostar's role went unfilled until the 2010 introduction of the Ford Transit Connect van.
Strict weak ordering

**Strict weak ordering** is a binary relation on a set. Such relations define a strict ordering, but they contain several elements of the same type. An example might be the relation "costs less than", or "is cheaper than". For any two elements that are _of different types_, the relation holds. On the other hand, there are some elements that cannot be ordered that way, because they are of the same type. An example for such a relation may be the relation, _costs less than_: milk may _cost less than_ bread, and bread may cost less than cake. Two items of different types may cost less than another, but they can otherwise have the same price.

Two different algorithms that sort words by the number of letters in the word may not give the same ordering of the words with the same number of letters, but they will always give an ordering where the four-letter words come before the five-letter-words, and after the three-letter-words.

Time will give a strict weak ordering too; Events that are equivalent in the timeframe happen at the same time.