juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Work It

"**Work It**" is a song by American rapper Nelly featuring singer Justin Timberlake. It was the fifth single from Nelly's second album _Nellyville_. The song was released on February 25, 2003. The song reached number 7 on the UK Singles Chart and 68 on the U.S. _Billboard_ Hot 100.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Work It
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Nelly featuring Justin Timberlake
- **album**: Nellyville
- **b-side**: "Put Your Hands Up"
- **length**: 4:01
- **label**: Universal Records, Universal
- **writer**: * Nelly
* Justin Timberlake
* Jason "Jay E" Epperson
- **producer**: Epperson
- **chronology**: Nelly
- **prev title**: Air Force Ones (song), Air Force Ones
- **prev year**: 2002
- **next title**: Pimp Juice
- **next year**: 2003
Tiptree

**Tiptree** is a village and civil parish in Colchester district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 8,305 people living in Tiptree.
Great Waltham

**Great Waltham** is a village and civil parish in Chelmsford district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 2,228 people living in Great Waltham.
Wattisham

**Wattisham** is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. Wattisham has a church called Church of St Nicholas.
Shimpling

**Shimpling** is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 395 people living in Shimpling.
Kettlebaston

**Kettlebaston** is a village and civil parish in England.  It is in the Babergh district of Suffolk, about  east of Lavenham. There are just 28 houses in the village. The village's name comes from _Kitelbeornastuna_, a Scandinavian name that means "Kitelbjorn's farm." Today, the name is pronounced like _Kettlebarston._ The village was mentioned for the first time in the _Domesday Book_ in 1086.

Kettlebaston has a church called Church of St Mary.
Haughley

**Haughley** is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 1,710 people living in Haughley.
Brettenham

**Brettenham** is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 243 people living in Brettenham.
Ixworth

**Ixworth** is a village and civil parish in St Edmundsbury, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 2,177 people living in Ixworth.
Stanton

**Stanton** is a village and civil parish in St Edmundsbury, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom. In 2001 there were 2,683 people living in Stanton.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **static image**: Upthorpe Mill, Stanton.jpg
- **static image caption**: Upthorpe Mill, Stanton, Upthorpe Mill
- **country**: England
- **official name**: Stanton
- **population**: 2,683
- **population ref**: (2001 census)
- **shire district**: St Edmundsbury (borough), St Edmundsbury
- **shire county**: Suffolk
- **region**: East of England
- **post town**: BURY ST. EDMUNDS
- **postcode district**: IP31
- **postcode area**: IP
- **os grid reference**: TL967734
Middle Rasen

**Middle Rasen** is a village and civil parish in West Lindsey, Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom. In 2001 there were 1,319 people living in Middle Rasen.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **static image name**: Middle Rasen Church - geograph.org.uk - 70190.jpg
- **static image alt**: Red-brown church with limestone pinnacles and details.  A square tower on the left, the nave on the right under a low roof hidden behind castellations in the same material.  We can see a neat porch and a very imposing stained glass window.  The church and graveyard stand a metre higher than the road, retained behind a low wall of the same red-brown ironstone.  The church is seen framed by bushes and large trees in the middle nearground.  The sky is mostly of high, light, clouds with patches of blue.
- **static image caption**: St Peter’s church, Middle Rasen
- **country**: England
- **official name**: Middle Rasen
- **map alt**: Middle Rasen is shown in red on the cream outline of Lincolnshire, two thirds of the way up and roughly half way across.  It is NE of Lincoln, half way to Grimsby.
- **population**: 1,319
- **population ref**: (United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001)
- **shire district**: West Lindsey
- **shire county**: Lincolnshire
- **region**: East Midlands
- **constituency westminster**: Gainsborough (UK Parliament constituency), Gainsborough
- **post town**: Market Rasen
- **postcode district**: LN8
- **postcode area**: LN
- **os grid reference**: TF089890
- **london distance mi**: 131
- **london direction**: S
Mablethorpe

**Mablethorpe** is a town on the East coast of Lincolnshire, England.
Caistor

**Caistor** is a town and civil parish in West Lindsey, Lincolnshire, England. In 2001 there were 2,601 people living in Caistor.
Burke and Wills expedition

The **Burke and Wills expedition**, officially called the Victorian Exploring Expedition, was the largest and best equipped in Australian history. Led by Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills, they crossed the continent of **Australia** from south to north. The group left Melbourne on 20 August 1860 and reached the Gulf of Carpentaria on 9 February 1861. However, because of poor planning and leadership, Burke and Wills died from starvation at Cooper Creek on their return journey.
Greater Concepción

**Greater Concepción** is a metropolitan Area that surrounds the city of Concepción, with another 9 cities being the primary commercial center in the VIII region, Chile.

## Communes

- Concepción
- Talcahuano
- San Pedro de la Paz
- Tomé
- Penco
- Lota
- Coronel
- Hualpén
- Hualqui
- Chiguayante

### Universities

- Universidad de Concepción (Concepción)
- Universidad del Bío-Bío (Concepción)
- Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (Concepción)
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (Hualpén)
- Universidad de Los Lagos (Concepción)
- Universidad del Desarrollo (Concepción)
- Universidad San Sebastián (Concepción)
- Universidad Andrés Bello (Talcahuano)
- Universidad Santo Tomás (Concepción)
- Universidad Tecnológica de Chile (Talcahuano)
- Universidad de las Américas (Concepción)
- Universidad La República (Concepción)
- Universidad ARCIS (Concepción)
- Universidad Bolivariana (Concepción)
- Universidad de Pedro de Valdivia (Concepción)
- Universidad del Pacífico (Concepción)

### Institutes

- Instituto Profesional INACAP (Talcahuano)
- Instituto Profesional DuocUC (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional Santo Tomás (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional AIEP (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional Providencia (Concepción)
- Instituto de Estudios Bancarios Guillermo Subercaseaux (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional Virginio Gómez (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional Diego Portales (Concepción)
- Instituto Tecnológico UCSC (Talcahuano)
- Instituto Profesional La Araucana (Concepción)
- Instituto Profesional Valle Central (Concepción)

## Other websites

- Infome del INE, _Chile: Ciudades, Pueblos, Aldeas y Caseríos_. 2005 (PDF & ZIP) (Spanish)

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Gran Concepción
- **nickname**: Pencopolis
- **demographics type1**: Demographics
- **demographics1 title1**: Language
- **demographics1 info1**: Spanish
- **image caption**: Skyline from the Biobío River
- **image map**: Granconcepcion.PNG
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **map caption**: Gran Concepción (Metropolis of Concepción)
- **subdivision type**: Regions of Chile, Region
- **subdivision name**: Biobío Region, Biobío
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Chile, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Concepción Province, Chile, Concepción Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established title**: Foundation
- **established date**: October 5, 1550
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area footnotes**: <sup>1</sup>
- **population as of**: 2010 (ESTIMATE)
- **population footnotes**: <sup>2</sup>
- **population metro**: 1100000
- **timezone**: Chile Time (CLT)
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: Chile Summer Time (CLST)
- **utc offset dst**: -3
- **elevation m**: 4
- **website**: [http://www.concepcion.cl/ concepcion.cl]
MJ

**MJ** may refer to:
- Michael Jackson, American singer-songwriter
- Michael Jordan, American professional basketball player
Day of judgment

In the Christian religion, **The Day of Judgment**  is the day in the future when all people who are living or dead will be judged by God.  It is often known as the **Last Judgment, Final Judgment, Judgment Day, Doomsday**, or sometimes it is called **The Day of the Lord**.

## Beliefs of the early Christians

In the Torah the prophets had said that one day God would send His son to forgive people for the wrong things they had done and to save their souls.  In the early years of the Christian church people thought that, although Jesus Christ had now visited the world and died for us on the cross,  salvation will only be completed when the world ends and all people alive or dead will face God who will judge them.

## References to the Day of Judgment in the Bible

The Day of the Lord is mentioned several times in the Old Testament (e.g. Book of Ezekiel chapter 13 v.5 and Isaiah chapter 2 v.12).  In the New Testament the coming of Christ as Judge of the world is mentioned very often.  In Paul’s letters and in the Revelation to John, then Christians who are saved by their faith in Jesus will reign with Christ. When Christ comes, His arrival will be announced by a trumpet call.  He will come down from heaven.  All the people who are alive will stay alive, and all the people who are dead will become alive again.

Christ’s Second Coming is talked about in the ancient creeds.  In the Apostles' Creed it says: “He ascended into heaven...From thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead”.  In the Nicene Creed it says: “He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead”.

## The Day of Judgment in art

This belief about the Day of Judgment  has inspired many painters throughout the ages to draw or paint the Second Coming of Christ.  One of the most famous is Michelangelo’s painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome.

## Related pages

- Eschatology

## Further reading

- New Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 16 p. 369
Supreme Court of Pakistan

The **Supreme Court** () (abbreviated as the **SCP**) is the apex court in Pakistan's judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes.

The Supreme Court has a permanent seat in Islamabad. It also has a number of Branch Registries in 4-5 major cities where cases are heard. It has a number of de jure powers which are outlined in the Constitution. Through several periods of military rule and constitutional suspensions, the court has also established itself as a _de facto_ check on military power.

In addition, it has also been active as a 'watchdog' in checking political corruption and abuse of power in recent times.
Pimp Juice

"**Pimp Juice**" is a rap/R&B/g-funk song by American rapper Nelly. It was the sixth and final single from his second album _Nellyville_. The song was released on April 1, 2003. The song reached number 58 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, 27 on the U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and 11 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Rap Tracks.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Pimp Juice
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Nelly
- **album**: Nellyville
- **b-side**: Ride Wit Me
- **recorded**: 2002
- **length**: 4:52
- **label**: Universal Records (1995), Universal
- **writer**: Nelly
- **producer**: Epperson
- **prev title**: Work It (Nelly song), Work It
- **prev year**: 2003
- **next title**: Shake Ya Tailfeather
- **next year**: 2003
Sheikhupura District

**Sheikhupura District** () is a district of Punjab province, Pakistan. Sheikhupura is the headquarters of Sheikhupura District.

## Administration

The district has 5 Tehsils:
- Sheikhupura
- Ferozewala
- Muridke
- Sharaqpur
- Safdarabad
Flap Your Wings

"**Flap Your Wings**" is a 2004 hip hop song by American rapper Nelly. It is the first single from his third album Sweat. The song was released on July 3, 2004. The song reached #1 on both the UK Singles Chart and on the RIANZ (New Zealand).

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Flap Your Wings
- **artist**: Nelly
- **album**: Sweat (Nelly album), Sweat
- **released**: July 27, 2004
- **a-side**: My Place (Nelly song), My Place
- **recorded**: 2003
- **genre**: Hip hop music, Hip hop
- **length**: 4:03
- **label**: Universal Records
- **producer**: The Neptunes
- **prev title**: Iz U
- **prev year**: 2003
- **next title**: Tilt Ya Head Back
- **next year**: 2004
Jerry Stackhouse

**Jerry Stackhouse** (born November 5, 1974) is a former NBA basketball player who last played for the Atlanta Hawks. Before that, he played with the Philadelphia 76ers, Detroit Pistons, Washington Wizards, Dallas Mavericks, Milwaukee Bucks and Miami Heat.  He went to the University of North Carolina. His jersey number was 42. He played the shooting guard position. He is 6'6 and weighs 218 pounds. He was a 15 year pro in the NBA.  In the 2000-01 season, when he played for the Pistons, he scored more points than anyone else in the league.

## Other websites

- NBA profile
- Career stats
Tilt Ya Head Back

"**Tilt Ya Head Back**" is a hip hop/pop song by American rapper Nelly featuring singer Christina Aguilera. Christina Aguilera's singing role was originally meant for Britney Spears. However, her record label Jive Records wouldn't allow her to because they thought the song was "too urban" even though Britney wanted to do the song anyways. The song is the second single from Nelly's third studio album _Sweat_. The song was released on September 15, 2004. The song reached number 4 on the New Zealand RIANZ Singles Chart, and 5 on both the UK Singles and Australian ARIA Charts Singles Charts.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Tilt Ya Head Back
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Nelly featuring Christina Aguilera
- **album**: Sweat (Nelly album), Sweat
- **released**: September 15, 2004
- **recorded**: 2003
- **length**: 4:13
- **chronology**: Nelly singles
- **prev title**: My Place
- **prev year**: 2004
- **next title**: Over and Over
- **next year**: 2004
Over and Over

"**Over and Over**'" is a R&B/country rap song by American rapper Nelly featuring country music singer Tim McGraw. It is the second single from his fourth studio album _Suit_. The song was released on October 12, 2004 in the United States and on February 28, 2005 in the United Kingdom. The song reached number 1 on the Australian Singles, Irish Singles, UK Singles, and U.S. Billboard Top 40 Mainstream charts. It also reached number 2 on the Canadian Singles Chart, 3 on the Romanian Singles Chart, 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, 7 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Rap Tracks and 51 on the U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Over and Over
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Nelly featuring Tim McGraw
- **album**: Suit (album), Suit
- **released**: September 15, 2004 (United States)
February 28, 2005 (United Kingdom)
- **recorded**: 2003
- **genre**: * Country rap
* Contemporary R&B, R&B
- **label**: * Universal Records (defunct record label), Universal
* Curb Records, Curb
- **composer**: * Jayson "KoKo" Bridges
* James D. "Sted-Fast" Hargrove II
- **producer**: * Jayson "KoKo" Bridges
* James D. "Sted-Fast" Hargrove II
- **chronology**: Nelly singles
- **prev title**: Tilt Ya Head Back
- **prev year**: 2004
- **title**: Over and Over
- **next title**: Na-NaNa-Na
- **next year**: 2005
Zdeno Chára

**Zdeno Chára** (born March 18, 1977 in Trenčín, Czechoslovakia) is a former professional ice hockey defenseman. He played a total of 24 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the New York Islanders, Ottawa Senators, Boston Bruins, and Washington Capitals. He was the captain of the Bruins from 2006 until 2020. Chára played hockey in the WHL for 1 season with the Prince George Cougars. He is the tallest player ever to play in the NHL, being 6 ft 9 (2.06 m).

On March 8, 2011, He was in an on-ice incident when he hit Montreal Canadiens player Max Pacioretty into the stanchion at the end of the bench in the boards. Pacioretty had to be taken off the ice on a stretcher and he was very hurt by a large concussion and a non-displaced fracture to the 4th vertebra. Chára received a five-minute large punishment and a game misconduct. The NHL VP of hockey operations, Mike Murphy, decided that no more punishments were going to be given, even though the Montreal police said they would do criminal investigation.

On September 20, 2022, Chára said that he was no longer going to play professional hockey. He retired as a member of the Bruins after signing a one-day contract with them.

Chára is married to his wife Tatiana Biskupicová and they have one daughter named Elliz Victoria Chára.

## Awards

- He played in the NHL All-Star Game in 2003, 2007, 2008 (starter), 2009, 2011, and 2012. Chára was also one of the team captains in the 2012 game.
- He was named to the NHL First All-Star Team in 2004 and 2009.
- He was named to the NHL Second All-Star Team in 2006 and 2008.
- He won the James Norris Memorial Trophy in 2009.
- He won the Hardest Shot competition at the NHL All-Star Game SuperSkills Competition in 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2011 where he set a record of 105.9 mph (170.4 km/hr).
- He won the NHL Plus-Minus Award in 2011 with a +33 rating.
- He won the Stanley Cup with the Boston Bruins in 2011.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Zdeno Chára
- **image**: Zdeno Chara - Boston Bruins 2012.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Chára with the Boston Bruins in January 2012
- **birth place**: Trenčín, Czechoslovakia
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 9
- **weight lb**: 250
- **position**: Defenceman, Defence
- **shoots**: Left
- **played for**: HC Sparta Praha, Sparta Praha
New York Islanders
HK Dukla Trenčín, Dukla Trenčín
Ottawa Senators
Färjestad BK
Boston Bruins
HC Lev Praha, Lev Praha
Washington Capitals
- **ntl team**: Slovakia
- **draft**: 56th overall
- **draft year**: 1996
- **draft team**: New York Islanders
- **career start**: 1996
- **career end**: 2022
Mark Recchi

**Mark Louis Recchi** (born February 1, 1968 in Kamloops, British Columbia) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Pittsburgh Penguins for 6 seasons, the Philadelphia Flyers for 10 seasons, the Montreal Canadiens for 5 seasons, the Carolina Hurricanes for 1 season, the Atlanta Thrashers for 1 season, the Tampa Bay Lightning for 1 season and the Boston Bruins. Recchi also played hockey in the WHL for 4 seasons with the New Westminster Bruins and Kamloops Blazers. When he was playing with the Bruins in 2011 he was the oldest player in the NHL at the time at the age of 43. He has won the Stanley Cup three times: 1 with the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1990, 1 with the Carolina Hurricanes in 2005 and 1 with the Boston Bruins in 2011.

## Awards

- He was named to the West First All-Star Team (WHL) in 1987.
- He was named to the Second All-Star Team (IHL) in 1988.
- He played in the NHL All-Star Game in 1990.
- He won the Stanley Cup with the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1990.
- He was named to the Second All-Star Team in 1991.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1992.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1993.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1996.
- He was named the All-Star Game MVP in 1996.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1997.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1998.
- He played in the All-Star Game in 1999.
- He won the Stanley Cup with the Carolina Hurricanes in 2005.
- He won the Stanley Cup with the Boston Bruins in 2011

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **halloffame**: 2017
- **image**: Mark Recchi 2018-03-02 19252.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Recchi coaching the Penguins in 2018
- **birth place**: Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 195
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **played for**: Pittsburgh Penguins
Philadelphia Flyers
Montreal Canadiens
Carolina Hurricanes
Atlanta Thrashers
Tampa Bay Lightning
Boston Bruins
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **draft**: 67th overall
- **draft year**: 1988
- **draft team**: Pittsburgh Penguins
- **career start**: 1988
- **career end**: 2011
Milan Lucic

**Milan Lucic** (born June 7, 1988 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He currently plays for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). Lucic played hockey in the WHL for 3 seasons with the Vancouver Giants. He has a banner in the Giants' Hall of Fame that hangs in the stands. He has been criticized for frequent unsportsmanlike conduct, most recently his "spearings" of Alexei Emelin in May and Danny DeKeyser in April 2014. Lucic responded to the criticism, "I’ve been in the league for seven years and I think I’ve only done that three times. I don't know why I did it.”

## Awards

- He won the President's Cup with the Vancouver Giants in 2006.
- He won the Memorial Cup with the Vancouver Giants in 2007.
- He won the Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy in 2007
- He was named to the Memorial Cup All-Star Team in 2007.
- He was named to the NHL YoungStars Game in 2008.
- He was chosen to play in the NHL YoungStars Game in 2009 but did not play due to an injury.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Milan Lucic
- **image**: Milan Lucic-crop.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Lucic during his time with the Bruins
- **birth place**: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 3
- **weight lb**: 236
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left Wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **team**: Calgary Flames
- **former teams**: Boston Bruins
Los Angeles Kings
Edmonton Oilers
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **draft**: 50th overall
- **draft year**: 2006
- **draft team**: Boston Bruins
- **career start**: 2007
Lehener Stadion

The **Lehener Stadion** was a former football stadium in Salzburg and between 1971 and 2002 the homeground of SV Austria Salzburg (now F.C. Red Bull Salzburg).

## History

Due to the fact that SV Austria Salzburg was promoted to the Nationalliga (former name of Bundesliga) the plan was to build a new stadium. In 1966 architect Hanns Wiser made the first sketch of the new venue with 15 000 seats and two roofed stands. In 1967 the City decided to build the new stadium in Lehen and to make places for 18 000 spectators. The space for the new venue was also before a football groundTogether with Jakob Adlhart Wiser made a new plan and the stadium was built between 1969 and 1971. Because money was short, the east stand was designed as standingroom so the capacity could be 18 000 although the building was cheaper. The floodlight was opened in 1974 because neighbours took legal action against it.

The stadium was opend with a friendly match between SV Asutria Salzburg and the national team of Tunesia.  In mid-1990s the stadium was to small because Austria Salzburg played international matches and the UEFA licensed it for only 5 300 spectators. So Austria Salzburg played the international matches in Viennas Ernst Happel Stadion. It was planed to expand the stadium but the city of Salzburg decided to build a new stadium in Wals-Siezenheim because the city needed a venue for the UEFA Euro 2008. The last match was held on 4 December 2002 versus SK Sturm Graz.

The stadium was demolished in 2006. One part of the former stadium is now used by Salzburgs Citylibrary and a housing project is planed.

## Notable matches

In the stadium 9 matches of the Austrian nationalteam were held. The most memorable was the 9:0 versus Malta on 30 April 1977 (Qualification for the FIFA World Cup 1978) where the young Hans Krankl scored 6 goals. But Austria Salzburg played notable matches in the venue for example the 3:0 victory over Sporting Lissabon in the 1993/94 UEFA Cup and in the second round of the UEFA Cup 1976  versus Roter Stern Belgrad.

## Infobox (stadium)

- **stadium name**: Lehener Stadion
- **image**: Lehen.PNG
- **fullname**: Lehener Stadion
- **location**: Salzburg, Austria
- **built**: October 1969 till 1971
- **opened**: 18 September 1971, SV Austria Salzburg vs Tunesia 3:2
- **renovated**: 1992/93
- **closed**: 2002
- **demolished**: 2006
- **surface**: lawn
- **architect**: Hanns Wiser, Jakob Adlhart
- **tenants**: SV Austria Salzburg
- **seating capacity**: 15 000, later 18 000
Zonia Baber

**Mary Arizona "Zonia" Baber** (August 24, 1862 – January 10, 1956) was an American geographer and geologist. She is best known for forming a way for teaching geography.

Baber first worked as a teacher of geography and as a principal in a private school. She began working at the University of Chicago in 1895. She got her Bachelor's degree there in 1904.

In 1898 Baber formed the Geographic Society of Chicago. She was the President and helped the Society for 50 years. In 1948 she received a lifetime achievement award.

Baber also cared about social issues. She was called a feminist, anti-racist (fighting racism) and anti-imperialist. In 1926 she represented the women of Puerto Rico to help women get the right to vote. She worked as chairman of the Pan-American Committee of the International League for Peace and Freedom.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Zonia Baber
- **birth name**: Mary Arizona Baber
- **birth place**: Kansas Township, Edgar County, Illinois, Kansas Township, Edgar County, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.
- **burial place**: Evergreen Cemetery, Lansing, Michigan
- **education**: University of Chicago (BS)
- **occupation**: Geologist, Teacher, Innovator, Principal, Geographer, Activist
- **title**: Founder of the Chicago Geographical Society
Pauline M. Austin

**Pauline Morrow Austin** (b. 1916 d. 2011) was an American meteorologist.

Austin got a BA from Wilson College in 1938, an MA from Smith College in 1939, and a PhD in Physics from MIT in 1942.

Austin worked as a meteorologist during World War II.  She was one of nine women recognized for wartime scientific and technical contributions.  Next she worked at MIT as the Director of the weather radar, and as part of the research staff in the Radiation Laboratory.  She also was associate writer for the Journal of Applied Meteorology.

## Personal life

Austin was married for 59 years to Dr. James Murdoch Austin.  Their two daughters are Doris A. Price of Annapolis, Maryland and Carol T. West of Gainesville, Florida.

In later years she volunteered at the Florida Museum of Natural History.
Ruth F. Allen

**Ruth Florence Allen** (1879-1963) was an American plant pathologist.  She helped the understanding of cytology of rust fungi, which are a large cause of cereal disease.  These diseases can have a bad effect on coffee, apple and pine trees.

Allen got a PhD from the University of Wisconsin in 1909, becoming the first woman to get a PhD in the Department of Botany. She worked at the University of Wisconsin, Michigan State College, Wellesley College and the United States Department of Agriculture.

The American Phytopathological Society formed the Ruth Allen Award in 1965 to respect "individuals who have made an outstanding, innovative research contribution that has changed, or has the potential to change, the direction of research in any field of plant pathology."
Australian Overland Telegraph Line

The **Australian Overland Telegraph Line** was a 3200 km telegraph line that joined Darwin with Port Augusta in South Australia. Completed in 1872 the Overland Telegraph Line allowed fast communication between Australia and the rest of the world. It was one of the great engineering feats of 19th century Australia. It followed the route discovered by the explorer John McDouall Stuart in 1862. It was probably the most important milestone in Australia's telegraphic history.

Because of the limits of technology, the telegraph messages could only travel about 300 km along the line. Repeater stations were built at regular intervals so that the messages could be resent. Some of the stations became the start of cities such as Alice Springs or Tennant Creek, while others became forgotten ruins, such as the Peake Repeater Station built near Freeling Springs in South Australia.

## Other websites

- A Wire Through the Heart An ABC movie on the Telegraph Line
Warumungu people

The **Warumungu** (or **Warramunga**) are a group of Indigenous Australians, who live in the region of Tennant Creek and Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia as well as small towns in South Australia. Many still speak the traditional language, and others speak Kriol.

In June 1861 explorer John McDouall Stuart who was the first Europen person to visit the area was attacked by a group of about 30 Warumungu warriors. They threw boomerangs at the explorers, and then set fire to grass. Stuart says in his journal that he and his men fired their guns at the Warumungu, but he does not mention if any were wounded or killed. The site of the battle has been called Attack Creek. Stuart was forced to return to Adelaide. The Northern Territory government has built a roadside memorial park near the site on the Stuart Highway.
Bryan Gunn

**Bryan Gunn** (born 22 December 1963 in Thurso) is a former footballer. He was a goalkeeper. He played for Aberdeen and Hibernian in Scotland, and Norwich City in England. He played six times for Scotland, in the early 1990s.

When he finished playing football, he became manager of Norwcich City. He was manager for nine months before being sacked.

One of Bryan Gunn's children died of leukaemia. Since then, he has raised more than £1,000,000 to pay for projects to help people with the disease and to try to find a cure for it.

## Career statistics

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|National cup|colspan="2"|League cup|colspan="2"|Europe|colspan="2"|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="6"|Aberdeen|1982–83|rowspan="5"|Scottish Premier Division|1|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|1|0|
|1983–84|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||||
|1984–85|2|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|2|0|||||
|1985–86|9|0|1|0|2|0|1|0|13|0|||||
|1986–87|2|0|0|0|2|0|0|0|4|0|||||
|rowspan="13"|Norwich City|1986–87|rowspan="6"|Football League Division One|29|0|0|0|0|0|–|29|0||
|1987–88|38|0|0|0|0|0|–|38|0||||||
|1988–89|37|0|3|0|0|0|–|40|0||||||
|1989–90|37|0|0|0|0|0|–|37|0||||||
|1990–91|34|0|0|0|0|0|–|34|0||||||
|1991–92|25|0|0|0|0|0|–|25|0||||||
|1992–93|rowspan="3"|Premier League|42|0|0|0|0|0|–|42|0||||
|1993–94|41|0|2|0|0|0|6|0|49|0|||||
|1994–95|21|0|0|0|0|0|–|21|0||||||
|1995–96|rowspan="3"|Football League Division One|43|0|0|0|0|0|–|43|0||||
|1996–97|38|0|2|0|2|0|–|42|0||||||
|1997–98|4|0|0|0|0|0|–|4|0||||||
|Hibernian|1997–98|Scottish Premier Division|12|0|0|0|0|0|–|12|0||||

## Honours

**Aberdeen**
- European Cup Winners' Cup: 1982–83
- Scottish League Cup: 1985–86

**Scotland U18**
- UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship: 1982

**Individual**
- Barry Butler Trophy: 1988, 1993
- Norwich City F.C. Hall of Fame Inaugural Member: 2002

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Bryan Gunn
- **image**: Bryan Gunn in the Gunn Club.jpg
- **alt**: A bald man in a black suit posing in front of an earlier picture of himself.
- **caption**: Gunn at his own-named catering facility club at Carrow Road in November 2007
- **fullname**: Bryan James Gunn
- **birth place**: Thurso, Scotland
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1979–1980
- **youthclubs1**: Invergordon F.C., Invergordon
- **youthyears2**: 1980–1982
- **youthclubs2**: Aberdeen F.C. Reserves and Academy, Aberdeen
- **years1**: 1982–1986
- **caps1**: 15
- **goals1**: 0
- **clubs1**: Aberdeen F.C., Aberdeen
- **years2**: 1986–1998
- **caps2**: 390
- **goals2**: 0
- **clubs2**: Norwich City F.C., Norwich City
- **years3**: 1998
- **caps3**: 12
- **goals3**: 0
- **clubs3**: → Hibernian F.C., Hibernian (loan)
- **years4**: 1998–1999
- **caps4**: 0
- **goals4**: 0
- **clubs4**: Hibernian F.C., Hibernian
- **totalcaps**: 417
- **totalgoals**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1990–1994
- **nationalteam1**: Scotland national football team, Scotland
- **nationalcaps1**: 6
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 2009
- **managerclubs1**: Norwich City F.C., Norwich City
Chambers Pillar

**Chambers Pillar** (Aboriginal name 'Idracowra' or 'Etikaura') is a sandstone formation about 160 km south of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia. Erosion by wind and rain has left an isolated pillar of 350 million year old sandstone. It stands 50 metres above the surrounding plain.

John McDouall Stuart was the first Europen to see Chambers Pillar, reaching the site in April 1860. He named it after James Chambers, who had paid for the exploring trip. Over the years numerous visitors have added graffiti by carving names in the soft sandstone at the base of the pillar.

Chambers Pillar can only be reached by 4WD track. Day tours from Alice Springs are often combined with a trip to Rainbow Valley.

## References

- Béchervaise, John. (1967). _Australia: world of difference_. Rigby: Adelaide.
Königslutter

**Königslutter am Elm** is a city in the district of Helmstedt, Lower Saxony, Germany, near the Elm hills. In 2003, about 17,000 people lived in Königslutter.  Königslutter is twinned with Taunton in Somerset, in the southwest of England.

Königslutter is on the tourist route called the German Half-Timbered House Road (_Deutsche Fachwerkstraße_).

In its current form, the city was created in 1974 by joining the following 18 municipalities:

- Beienrode
- Boimstorf
- Bornum am Elm
- Glentorf
- Groß Steinum
- Klein Steimke
- Königslutter
- Lauingen
- Lelm
- Ochsendorf
- Rhode
- Rieseberg
- Rotenkamp
- Rottorf
- Scheppau
- Schickelsheim
- Sunstedt
- Uhry

Königslutter proper is on the Lutter stream and developed from the village of Lutter which was first mentioned in 1150. It became a market town around 1300, then a city around 1400. In early modern times, beer brewing and Elm limestone mining and cutting have been its main industries. Tourism is also important, because of the German Half-Timbered House Road and the Dom - the monastery church built by Emperor Lothar II.

In 1924, the village of **Oberlutter** and the monastery church of Königslutter were incorporated as a city. The Benedictine monastery was founded near the village of Lutter in 1135 by Holy Roman Emperor Lothar II. The monastery church is known for its sculptural art and the tomb of the emperor.

Königslutter is also the site for a large psychiatric hospital.  The hospital, run by AWO can treat over 500 people plus outpatients and day-care therapy in the clinics in Wolfsburg and Peine.

## Other websites

- Königslutter Official site
- AWO Psychiatriezentrum

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Kaiserdom Königslutter.jpg
- **image caption**: Old town and monastery church (_Kaiserdom_)
- **image coa**: Wappen Koenigslutter.PNG
- **state**: Niedersachsen
- **district**: Helmstedt
- **elevation**: 134
- **area**: 130.58
- **population**: 16214
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 38154
- **area code**: 05353
- **licence**: HE
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 03 1 54 013
- **divisions**: 18 Stadtteile
- **mayor**: Alexander Hoppe
- **party**: Social Democratic Party of Germany, SPD
- **year of first mention**: 1135
St Ives, Cornwall

**St Ives** is a seaside town and port in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The town lies north of Penzance and west of Camborne on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It was once commercially dependent on fishing but fishing has declined and the town is now primarily a holiday resort. St Ives has become renowned for the large number of artists who work there. It was named best seaside town of 2007 by the _Guardian_ newspaper.

Tate St Ives is an important art gallery that is located in St Ives.
Airport (1970 movie)

***Airport*** is a 1970 American drama movie. It is based on a novel by Arthur Hailey. It is about an airport almost being closed because of a snow storm while a mad suicide bomber is trying to blow up an airliner in flight.

## Cast

- Burt Lancaster as Mel Bakersfeld, airport manager
- Dean Martin as Captain Vernon Demerest
- Jean Seberg as Tanya Livingston
- Jacqueline Bisset as Gwen Meighen, stewardess
- George Kennedy  as Joe Patroni, chief mechanic
- Helen Hayes as Mrs. Ada Quonsett, stowaway
- Van Heflin as D. O. Guerrero, airplane bomber
- Maureen Stapleton as Inez Guerrero, wife of D.O. Guerrero
- Barry Nelson as Captain Anson Harris
- Dana Wynter as Cindy Bakersfeld, wife of Mel Bakersfeld
- Lloyd Nolan as Harry Standish
- Barbara Hale as Sarah Demerest (sister of Mel Bakersfeld, wife of Vern Demerest)
- Gary Collins as Cy Jordan
- Christopher Lloyd as Patron in diner (uncredited)

## Awards

- Academy Awards
    - Oscar Award - Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Helen Hayes
- Golden Globe Awards (1971)
    - Golden Globe Award - Best Supporting Actress: Maureen Stapleton (_Tied with Karen Black_)
- Laurel Awards (1971)
    - Golden Laurel - Best Supporting Female Performance: Helen Hayes

## Sequels

_Airport_ has three sequels: _Airport 1975_, _Airport '77_, and _The Concorde... Airport '79_.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Airport
- **director**: George Seaton
- **producer**: Ross Hunter
- **writer**: Arthur Hailey (novel)
George Seaton
- **starring**: Burt Lancaster
Dean Martin
Jean Seberg
Jacqueline Bisset
George Kennedy
Helen Hayes
Van Heflin
- **music**: Alfred Newman
- **cinematography**: Ernest Laszlo
- **distributor**: Universal Studios, Universal Pictures
- **runtime**: 137 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $10,000,000
- **gross**: $100,489,151
Grace Andrews

**Grace Andrews** (May 30, 1869 – July 27, 1951) was an American mathematician.

Andrews got her undergraduate degree from Wellesley College in 1890. She got a master's degree from Columbia University in 1899 and a Doctor of Philosophy in 1901. She was one of only two women listed in the first edition of American Men of Science, which appeared in 1906. Charlotte Angas Scott, was the other female mathematician.

She worked as an Assistant Professor of Mathematics for Barnard College from 1900 to 1902. She then worked as accountant to the treasurer for Wesleyan University from 1903 to 1926.

## Related pages

- Timeline of women in mathematics in the United States
Gladys Anslow

**Gladys Amelia Anslow** (1892-1962) was a physicist who worked at Smith College.

Anslow got her undergraduate degree and Master's from Smith College.  She then got a Doctor of Philosophy from Yale University in 1924.  She got the President's Certificate of Merit for service during World War II.
Andrea Lloyd

**Andrea Lloyd** (born August 10, 1971 in Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) was in the 1996 Summer Olympics.  She won a bronze medal for Jamaica in the 4 X 100 metres relay.

Lloyd attended high school in Camperdown.  She studied at the University of Alabama. Her personal best is 11.36 seconds in the 100 metres which came in 1996.
Absh Khatun

**Absh Khatun** was a Queen of Persia from 1263 to 1287.  Her mother was Bibi Khatun.

She married Manku Timur and lived in Urdu, capital of the Ilkhanate.  Her father-in-law, Khan Hulägu, sent Absh to Shiraz to rule in 1263. When Absh returned to Shiraz the people were happy.  Coins were made in her name. She was the last ruler of the Atabek dynasty.

## More books

- Mernissi, Fatima.  The Forgotten Queens of Islam.  Mary Jo Lakeland.  Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press, 1993. p. 104.
- Uçok Un, Badriye.  Al-nisa’ al-hakimat fi tarikh.  Trans. I. Daquqi.  Baghdad:Matba’a al-Sa’dun, 1973. pp. 101ff.
Miss Marple

***Miss Jane Marple*** is a British fictional character, that appeared in twelve of Agatha Christie's crime novels and in twenty short stories. She is an elderly spinster who lives in the village of St. Mary Mead and acts as an amateur detective. She is one of the most famous characters of crime fiction and murder mystery. Many movies and television series have been made about her investigations.

## Novels with Miss Marple

1. _The Murder at the Vicarage_ (1930)
1. _The Body in the Library_ (1942)
1. _The Moving Finger_ (1943)
1. _A Murder is Announced_ (1950)
1. _They Do It with Mirrors_, or _Murder with Mirrors_ (1952)
1. _A Pocket Full of Rye_ (1953)
1. _4.50 from Paddington_, or _What Mrs. McGillicuddy Saw!_ (1957)
1. _The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side_ (1962)
1. _A Caribbean Mystery_ (1964)
1. _At Bertram's Hotel_ (1965)
1. _Nemesis_ (1971)
1. _Sleeping Murder_ (written around 1940, published 1976)

## Short stories

- _The Thirteen Problems_ (short story collection, also published as _The Tuesday Club Murders_) (1932)
- _Miss Marple's Final Cases and Two Other Stories_ (written between 1939 and 1954, published 1979)

## Related pages

- Hercule Poirot

## Other websites

- Miss Marple at the official Agatha Christie website

## Infobox (character)

- **colour**: #FF5F5F
- **name**: Miss Jane Marple
- **caption**: Illustration by Gilbert Wilkinson of Miss Marple (December 1927 issue of _The Royal Magazine_)
- **first**: "The Thirteen Problems#The Tuesday Night Club, The Tuesday Night Club"
- **last**: _Sleeping Murder_
- **creator**: Agatha Christie
- **portrayer**: Gracie Fields
Margaret Rutherford
Angela Lansbury
Dulcie Gray
Helen Hayes
Ita Ever
Joan Hickson
Geraldine McEwan
June Whitfield
Julia McKenzie
 Isabella Parriss (playing young Miss Marple)
Julie Cox (playing Miss Marple as a young woman.)
Keiko Kishi (Junko Mabuchi)
- **voice**: Kaoru Yachigusa
- **gender**: Female
- **occupation**: Amateur detective
- **title**: Miss
- **family**: Raymond West (character), Raymond West (nephew)
David West (great-nephew)
Lionel West (great-nephew)
- **relatives**: Joan West (niece-in-law)
Mabel Denham (niece)
Henry (uncle)
Antony (cousin)
Gordon (cousin)
Fanny Godfrey (cousin)
Lady Ethel Merridew (cousin)
Thomas (uncle)
Helen (aunt)
Diane "Bunch" Harmon (goddaughter)
- **religion**: Church of England (Christian)
- **nationality**: British
Tragedy of the anticommons

The **tragedy of the anticommons** is a new phrase invention of Michael Heller. It says, that things can go bad if too many people have rights on a shared thing. It is related to the phrase _tragedy of the commons,_ which says that things can go bad if not enough people have rights. It is a general phrase for problems like patent thickets, submarine patents, nail houses, and more red tapes. It is difficult to find solutions, but some of them are eminent domain, Laches, patent pools or other agreements on rights and copyrights.

## Related pages

- Georgism
- Market failure
- Tragedy of the commons
Tragedy of the anticommons is one of four outcomes:
||Property rights|Common ownership or lack of property rights|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Bad outcome/tragedy|Tragedy of the anticommons|Tragedy of the commons|
|Good outcome/cornucopia|normal case|Inverse commons|

The prevalent outcome depends on the details of the situation.

## References

- Rose, Carol M. (1986) The Comedy of the Commons: Commerce, Custom and Inherently Public Property, 53 Univ. of Chi. L. Rev. 711, reprinted as chapter 5  in: Rose, Carol M., Property and persuasion: Essays on the history, theory and rhetoric of ownership, Westview Press 1994

## Other websites

- The Tragedy of the Anticommons (Abstract, with link to complete paper)
- Can Patents Deter Innovation?  The Anticommons in Biomedical Research (full text of article)
- The comedy of the commons, speech by Lawrence Lessig  (Lawrence Lessig)
- Heller's talk in the Authors@Google series
- Website complementing gridlock economy: How Too Much Ownership Wrecks Markets, Stops Innovation, and Costs Lives
Rupert Bottenberg

**Rupert Bottenberg** (born 19 July 1971 in Wolfville, Nova Scotia) is a comic artist and writer.  He works for the _Montreal Mirror_ newsweekly.

Bottenberg grew up in Montreal.  He started "Comix Jams, public events centered around collaborative, improvised comic art," a concept other North American cities copy.  His way of drawing is called "clean-line" and full of "technical precision."

## Other websites

- Home page
Sophie Bledsoe Aberle

**Sophie Bledsoe Aberle** (October 21, 1896 - October 1996) was an American anthropologist, physician and nutritionist. She got a Doctor of Philosophy in Genetics from Stanford University in 1927 and a Master's degree from Yale University in 1930. As a Native American, Aberle supported Native Americans in the southwestern United States. In 1951 President Harry S. Truman put Aberle to work on the first National Science Board.

Aberle worked with the Bureau of Indian Affairs from 1935 to 1944. She then worked with the National Research Council until 1949. From 1949 to 1954 she worked at the University of New Mexico. She worked for the Bernalillo County Indian Hospital until 1970. Then she returned to the University of New Mexico.
Bernice Ackerman

**Bernice Ackerman** (1925-1995) was an American meteorologist.  In 1965 she got a Doctor of Philosophy in geophysical science from the University of Chicago.  She was the first woman weathercaster in the United States. She was the first woman meteorologist at Argonne National Laboratory.  She worked at the U.S. Weather Bureau, the University of Chicago, Texas A&M University and Argonne National Laboratory.  Before college, Ackerman was a weather observer for the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES) in World War II.
E. Ruth Anderson

**Elsie Ruth Anderson** (born: 23 Jun 1907 in Newport, Rhode Island; died: 24 November 1989 in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American meteorologist and book writer. Anderson studied at the New England Conservatory of Music from 1924 to 1931, 1934, and 1940 to 1941. She got a diploma from the New England Conservatory in "Orchestral Course in Violin" in June 1931.

In World War II, she joined the WAVES. She studied at the Navy Aerographers School.  She then worked for the American Meteorological Society for 20 years.

## Books

- Contemporary American Composers: A Biographical Dictionary, 1976 and 1982
Jacqueline Wonsetler

**F. Jacqueline Wonsetler** (Born:13 June 1918; Died:1 December 1974) was an American meteorologist. She got the "Department of Commerce Outstanding Accomplishment Award for work in the development of service and briefing methods for transcontinental air races."  She worked for the Weather Service Office for 29 years.
Madge Adam

**Madge Gertrude Adam** (6 March 1912 – 25 August 2001) was an English solar astronomer.  She was "internationally known for her work on the nature of sunspots and on their magnetic fields."  She worked at the University of Oxford in the Department of Astrophysics from 1937-1979.  She was a member of the Royal Astronomical Society.

## Infobox (person)

- **other names**: Gertrude
- **birth date**: 6 March 1912
- **known for**: Nature of sunspots and on their magnetic fields
- **title**: Solar astronomer
Nancy Adams

**Jacqueline Nancy Mary Adams** (Born: 19 May 1926; Died: 27 March 2007) was a New Zealand botanist.  She studied zoology and botany at  Wellington Girls’ College and Victoria University of Wellington.  Her detailed and delicate algae illustrations got international attention.  Her awards include the Loder Cup in 1964, the Queen's Service Order and the Commemoration Medal.

## Books

- _Mountain Flowers in New Zealand_, 1980
- _Wild Flowers in New Zealand_, 1980
- _Seaweeds of New Zealand:An illustrated guide_, 1994
Anna Stout

**Anna Paterson Stout** _née_ Logan (29 September 1858 - 10 May 1931) was a social reformer in New Zealand.

The Girls' Provincial School let Anna study at age 12.  After completing her schooling she returned home to Dunedin.  She married Robert Stout at age 18.  In 1885 she helped form the Women's Christian Temperance Union.  In 1892 she became President of the Women's Franchise League.  In 1896 the National Council of Women of New Zealand chose her as Vice President.

Stout was also active in England for acceptance for women to vote.  She worked closely with the Women's Social and Political Union.
Ada Wells

**Ada Wells** _née_ Pike (29 April 1863 – 22 March 1933) was a feminist and social worker in New Zealand.

Wells worked as a student-teacher and attended Canterbury College.  In the 1880s she became active in the women's suffrage movement.  In 1892 she formed the Canterbury Women's Institute. She also helped form the National Council of Women of New Zealand.  In 1917 she was the first woman to work on the Christchurch City Council. The Ministry for Culture and Heritage now offers an Ada Wells Memorial Prize for Undergraduate Students.