juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Caroline of Brunswick

**Caroline of Brunswick** (17 May 1768 – 7 August 1821) was the wife of King George IV. Her parents were Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick and Princess Augusta of Great Britain.

Caroline married George on 8 April 1795, when he was the Prince of Wales. That made Caroline the Princess of Wales. When George became king on 29 January 1820, Caroline became Queen Consort of the United Kingdom. Caroline and George had one child, Princess Charlotte of Wales. They separated in 1796.

Caroline died on 7 August 1821 at the age of 53. Her physicians thought she had an intestinal obstruction, but she may have had cancer. There were also rumours at the time that she had been poisoned.

### Bibliography

- Plowden, Alison (2005). _Caroline and Charlotte: Regency Scandals 1795–1821_. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. .
- Robins, Jane (2006). _Rebel Queen: How the Trial of Caroline Brought England to the Brink of Revolution_. Simon & Schuster. .

## Other websites

- Pictures of Caroline of Brunswick from London's National Portrait Gallery

|-

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **image**: QueenCaroline1820.jpg
- **caption**: Portrait c. 1820 by James Lonsdale (painter), James Lonsdale, "Principal Painter in Ordinary to the Queen". Her wedding ring is displayed prominently to emphasise fidelity to marriage vows.
- **succession**: List of British royal consorts, Queen consort of the United Kingdom
- **reign**: 29 January 1820 – 7 August 1821
- **issue**: Princess Charlotte of Wales
- **house**: House of Brunswick-Bevern, Brunswick-Bevern
- **full name**: Caroline Amalie Elisabeth
- **father**: Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
- **mother**: Princess Augusta of Great Britain
- **birth place**: Braunschweig, Brunswick, Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empire
- **death place**: Hammersmith, Middlesex, England
- **burial date**: 25 August 1821
- **burial place**: Brunswick Cathedral
Matador (movie)

***Matador*** is a 1986 Spanish comedy-drama movie directed by Pedro Almodóvar and starring Antonio Banderas, Eusebio Poncela, Carmen Maura, Nacho Martínez, Assumpta Serna.
Olive water-holding frog

The **olive water-holding frog**, **spotted collared frog** or **Daly Waters frog** (_Ranoidea maculosa_) is a frog from Australia.  Scientists have only seen it in one place in the Northern Territory, with a few on the other side of the border in Queensland.   This place is called Daly Waters.

This frog is 5.0 cm long.  Most of the skin on its back is pale but it has very dark black marks.
Eastern racer

The **eastern racer** (_Coluber constrictor_) is a type of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae. It only lives in North America and Central America.

## Description

Eastern racers usually grow up to 50 to 152 cm (20 to 60 in) in length. They usually weigh around 556 g (1.226 lb). Its color can range from black, bluish, gray, to olive brown.

## Distribution and Habitat

It is found throughout the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains. It is also found north into Canada and south into Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize.

It is usually found near water, but it can also be found in bushes, trash piles, roadsides, and swamps. It spends most of its time on the ground. But, it is a good climber. It may be found in shrubs and trees where there are bird nests.

Most of the eastern racers like open, grassland habitats where their eyesight and speed can be used. They are usually not far from a place to hide.

## Feeding

They mainly eat small rodents, frogs, toads, lizards, and other snakes. Some subspecies are known to climb trees to eat eggs and young birds. Young eastern racers usually insects with soft bodies, such as crickets and moths. They overcome moving prey by wrapping into one or two coils pressing its prey to hold it so that it can swallow it alive.

## Behaviour

The eastern racers are fast, very active, diurnal snakes. Eastern racers are curious snakes. They have very good vision. They are sometimes seen raising their heads above the grass where they are crawling to see what is around them. They usually run away from a predator. They are hard to hold and will poop, and release a bad smelling liquid from their cloacae.

## Reproduction

It mates in the spring from April until early June. The female lays three to 30 eggs in a hidden nest, such as a hollow log, an abandoned rodent burrow, or under a rock. The young ones hatch in the early fall. They reach maturity when they are around 2 years old.
Sheykh Jabrail

**Sheykh Jabrail** (, also Romanized as **Sheykh Jabra’īl** and **Sheykh Jabr’īl**; also known as **Chekān-e Mansūrī**, **Shaikh Jarwāil**, and **Sheykh Jarvā’īl**) is a village in Gowavar Rural District, Govar District, Gilan-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 106, in 24 families.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Sheykh Jabrail
- **native name**: شيخ جبرئيل
- **settlement type**: village
- **pushpin map**: Iran
- **mapsize**: 150px
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Iran, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Kermanshah Province, Kermanshah
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Iran, County
- **subdivision name2**: Gilan-e Gharb County, Gilan-e Gharb
- **subdivision type3**: Bakhsh
- **subdivision name3**: Govar District, Govar
- **subdivision type4**: Rural Districts of Iran, Rural District
- **subdivision name4**: Gowavar Rural District, Gowavar
- **population as of**: 2006
- **population total**: 106
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Iran Standard Time, IRST
- **utc offset**: +3:30
- **timezone dst**: Iran Daylight Time, IRDT
- **utc offset dst**: +4:30
Structural functionalism

**Structural functionalism**, or simply **functionalism**, is a way of making a theory that sees society as a complex system. The parts of this system work together to keep society stable and its people happy.
Lorenz cipher

The **Lorenz cipher** was a class of German rotor stream cipher machines used by the German Army during World War II. It was mostly used for messages among headquarters. This machine and its messages were eventually worked out by the team at Bletchley Park during World War II.

British cryptanalysts (codebreakers) worked out its logical structure three years before they saw the machine.
Ignatius Sancho

**Ignatius Sancho** was an African born around 1729 on a slave ship. Towards the end of his extraordinary life, he became a British citizen and was eligible to vote in the parliamentary election of 1774, and then again in 1780.

The details of his early life are not certain. He was born on a slave ship crossing the Atlantic. The ship went to the Spanish colonies in Central America. His parents did not survive long, and he became orphaned. His owner took him to London, and he eventually came to live with John Montague, 2nd Duke of Montagu and Mary, Duchess of Montagu. Sancho worked as her butler until her death in 1751.

While living at Montague House in Blackheath, he educated himself. He enjoyed music, poetry, reading, and writing.

During the 1760s Sancho married a West Indian woman, Anne Osborne. He became a devoted husband and father. They had seven children. Around the time their third child was born, Sancho became a valet to George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (of the second creation), the son-in-law of his earlier patron. He remained there until 1773.

In 1768 Thomas Gainsborough painted a portrait of Sancho at the same time as the Duchess of Montagu sat for her portrait by the artist.

In 1774, with Montague's help, he became a shopkeeper in Mayfair. He sold tobacco, sugar and tea, all of which were connected with the slave trade. As a male householder living in Mayfair, he was eligible to vote. He also wrote letters in newspapers, under his own name and under the pseudonym "Africanus". He supported the monarchy and British forces in the American Revolutionary War.

Sancho had many well-known visitors at his shop, including statesman and abolitionist Charles James Fox PC (1749–1806). Fox steered a resolution through Parliament pledging it to abolish the slave trade. A Foreign Slave Trade Bill in Spring 1806 prohibited British subjects from contributing to the trading of slaves with the colonies of Britain's wartime enemies. This cut out two-thirds of the slave trade passing through British ports.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Charles Ignatius Sancho
- **image**: Ignatius Sancho, 1768.jpg
- **caption**: Oil painting, 1768, by Thomas Gainsborough, National Gallery of Canada
- **birth date**: c. 1729
- **birth place**: on a slave ship in the Middle Passage, Atlantic Ocean
- **death place**: London, Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain
- **spouse**: Anne Osborne
- **children**: Frances Joanna (1761–1815), Ann Alice (1763–1805), Elizabeth Bruce (1766–1837), Jonathan William (1768–1770), Lydia (1771–1776), Katherine Margaret (1773–1779), William Leach Osborne (1775–1810)
- **known for**: influence over abolitionists, his published correspondence
- **occupation**: writer, composer
- **signature**: Ignatius Sancho Signature.svg
Richard David Precht

**Richard David Precht** (born December 8, 1964) is a German philosopher and author of popular science. _Wer bin ich – und wenn ja, wie viele?_ (_Who am I – and if so, how many?_) is a famous book that was written by him. He has a son. He is for a basic income. He does not like the school system in Germany.

## Awards

- 2011: IQ Award

## Other websites

- Richard David Precht: Natural Sciences and Humanities: Genesis of two Worlds, Webvideo, ZAKlessons 2013
- Literature from and about Richard David Precht in the German National Library

## Infobox (philosopher)

- **region**: Western philosophy
- **era**: 21st-century philosophy
- **image**: Richard David Precht.jpg
- **caption**: Precht in 2012
- **name**: Richard David Precht
- **birth place**: Solingen, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany
- **education**: Abitur
Functionalism

**Functionalism** may refer to:

- Functionalism (architecture), the idea that architects should design a building based on the what that building will be used for
- Functionalism in international relations, a theory that started during the inter-War period
- Functional linguistics, a theory about how to study language
- Functionalism (philosophy of mind), a theory of the mind in modern philosophy
- Functionalism versus intentionalism, a historiographical debate about what started the Holocaust
- Structural functionalism, a theory of sociology and anthropology
- Biological functionalism, an anthropological paradigm
Roadkill

**Roadkill** is any animal that has died on a road because it was hit by a vehicle, for example a deer hit by a car.  Vehicles pulled by animals, for example mule carts, did make roadkill, but there was much more roadkill after the invention of the automobile.

In the United States alone, one to two million large animals are killed as roadkill every year and many more small animals.

## Causes and costs

Most roadkill is caused by cars or trucks.

If the car hits a large animal, for example a deer or elk, it is likely to be damaged.  In the United States alone, crashes with deer cause $3.6 billion in damage to cars and other vehicles, 200 deaths each year and many injuries.

## Uses

Some roadkilled animals are sent to landfills with other garbage, but other bodies are used for scientific experiments, turned into makeup or turned into food for other animals.  Some people cook and eat roadkill.  Other people make the fur into clothes or other useful things. Some scientists have studied roadkill to see where invasive species have come.

In Alaska, all roadkill belongs to the state.  Officers collect the roadkill, bring it to butchers, and bring the meat to charities.  In other parts of the United States and in other countries, individual people can get permission to collect roadkill in different ways.

## Preventing roadkill

Many governments put up road signs such as "deer crossing" or "panther crossing" signs to tell drivers that there may be animals nearby.  Some build fences around roads where cars drive at high speeds.  However, then the animals try to cross at the ends of the fences, and they are hit by cars in those places.

Planning new roads so that wild animals can go over or under them from the start is another very good way to prevent roadkill.

Some governments have built wildlife bridges over or underpasses under roads that were already there.  In 2009, the local Department of Transportation built fences leading to four culverts on U.S. highway 27, and there were suddenly no roadkilled turtles.
Wakko's Wish

***Wakko's Wish*** or _Animaniacs: Wakko's Wish_ is a 1999 animated comedy-fantasy musical adventure family movie based on the _Animaniacs_. This movie was directed by Liz Holzman, Rusty Mills and Tom Ruegger. It was released on July 16, 1999.  It was not shown in theaters but instead sold on VHS. This movie is about three human-like, dog-like characters, Yakko, Wakko and Dot, wishing on a star.  As of 2020, _Wakko's Wish_ was streaming on Hulu.

## Plot

Yakko, Wakko and Dot Warner live in a fictional town called Acme Falls in the kingdom of Warnerstock in 1898. After the king of Warnerstock dies, the nearby kingdom of Ticktockia (a parody of Time Inc.) takes over Warnerstock and taxes the people too much.  By wishing on a star, traveling through the mountains, acting, and other adventures, the Warners save Warnerstock and defeat the evil king of Ticktockia.

## Voice cast

- Rob Paulsen - Yakko, Dr. Scratchsniff, Pinky, Larry
- Jess Harnell - Wakko, Villager
- Tress MacNeille - Dot, Marita, Nurse, Mindy's Mom
- Maurice Lamarche - Brain, Squit
- Sherri Stoner - Slappy, Prunella
- Nathan Ruegger - Skippy
- Nancy Cartwright - Mindy, Skipette, Frau Hassenheffer
- Frank Welker - Thaddeus Plotz, Ralph, Runt, Buttons, Flavio
- Chick Vennera - Pesto
- John Mariano - Bobby
- Bernadette Peters - Rita
- Paxton Whitehead - King Augustus Salazar, Dobermans
- Jeff Bennett - Mr. Crazy Person/Joe, Dick, Baloney
- Julie Brown - Minerva, Phar Fignewton

### Additional voices

- Tom Kenny - Villager 2
- Carlos Alazraqui - shouting man
- Jill Talley - Villager 4
- Susanne Blakeslee - Additional voices

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Wakko's Wish
- **director**: Liz Holzman
Rusty Mills
Tom Ruegger
- **producer**: Liz Holzman
Rusty Mills
Tom Ruegger (co-produced)
- **writer**: Charles M. Howell IV
Earl Kress
Tom Ruegger
Randy Rogel
Kevin Hopps
Nick DuBois
- **story**: Tom Ruegger
- **starring**: Rob Paulsen
Jess Harnell
Tress Macneille
Paxton Whitehead
- **music**: Richard Stone
Steve Bernstein
Julie Bernstein
Gordon Goodwin
Tim Kelly
- **editing**: Al Breitenbach
- **studio**: Warner Bros Family Entertainment
Amblin Entertainment
TMS Entertainment
- **distributor**: Warner Bros., Warner Bros. Pictures
- **runtime**: 79 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **narrator**: Tom Bodett
Mtwapa

**Mtwapa** is a town lying on the Indian Ocean coast of Kenya.
The town is situated approximately  north-east of Mombasa on the Mombasa-Malindi Highway.

"Mtu wa hapa" – in Swahili; this translates to _he who lives among us._

Mtwapa is home to a large number of European retirees and holiday-makers from countries such as Germany, Holland and Great Britain. It is also a destination for sex tourism. Mtwapa Creek is a starting point for fishing tours.

## The population of Mtwapa

The population growth is shown in the following table.
|style="background:#EFEFEF;"|Year|style="background:#EFEFEF;"|Population|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign="top"|{| class="wikitable"|||
|1999|align="right"|18.397||
|2009|align="right"|48.426||
|2019|align="right"|90.677|} == Gallery == == In popular culture == Part of the events in the story of 2017 _"Consummation in Mombasa"_ (by Andrei Gusev) takes place in Mtwapa. The plot describes the Catholic wedding in Mombasa of the main characters (Russian writer Andy and the girl Jennifer, who was born in Kenya) and then their life in Mtwapa. == References ==|

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Mtwapa
- **pushpin map**: Kenya
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **map caption**: Location of Mtwapa
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: County
- **subdivision type2**: Division
- **subdivision name**: Kenya
- **subdivision name1**: Kilifi County
- **subdivision name2**: Kikambala, Kikambala Division
- **timezone**: East Africa Time, EAT
- **utc offset**: +3
Sarah McBride

**Sarah McBride** (born August 9, 1990) is an American LGBTQ rights activist and Democratic politician who is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Delaware's at-large congressional district since 2025. She is a member of the Delaware State Senate since 2020. She was the National Press Secretary of the Human Rights Campaign.

## Local political career

After winning the September 15, 2020 Democratic primary in the safe Democratic 1st Delaware State Senate district, she became the first transgender state senator in the country as well as the highest-ranking transgender official in the country.

In July 2016, she was a speaker at the Democratic National Convention, becoming the first openly transgender person to address a major party convention in American history.

## U.S. House of Representatives

On June 26, 2023, after Representative Lisa Blunt Rochester's earlier announcement that she would run for the U.S. Senate, McBride officially announced her candidacy for the U.S. House of Representatives. She won the election in November 2024, becoming the first openly transgender member of Congress.

## Personal life

In August 2014, McBride married Andrew Cray after he was diagnosed with terminal oral cancer. Four days after their wedding, Cray died from the disease.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sarah McBride
- **image**: Representative Sarah McBride Official Portrait.jpg
- **alt**: Official House portrait of McBride smiling in front of the U.S. flag, wearing a black blazer jacket and green shirt.
- **state**: Delaware
- **term start**: January 3, 2025
- **predecessor**: Lisa Blunt Rochester
- **state senate1**: Delaware
- **district1**: Delaware's 1st Senate district, 1st
- **term start1**: November 4, 2020
- **term end1**: January 2, 2025
- **predecessor1**: Harris McDowell III
- **successor1**: _Vacant_
- **birth place**: Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: American University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
- **website**:
Marion, Mississippi

**Marion** is a town in Lauderdale County, Mississippi, United States. it is the least populous municipality in Lauderdale County.
Ralph Abernathy

**Ralph David Abernathy Sr.** (March 11, 1926 – April 17, 1990) was an American civil rights activist and Baptist minister. He was ordained in the Baptist tradition in 1948. He was born in Linden, Alabama. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He opposed abortion. A Christian, he opposed pornography and the sexual revolution, in addition to illegal immigration.

As a leader of the civil rights movement, he was a close friend and mentor of Martin Luther King Jr. He worked with King to create the Montgomery Improvement Association which led to the Montgomery bus boycott.

He also co-founded and was an executive board member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). He became president of the SCLC following the assassination of King in 1968. He led the Poor People's Campaign in Washington, D.C.

He was an advisory committee member of the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE).

Abernathy died on April 17, 1990 of heart disease in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 64.
Joseph Henabery

**Joseph Henabery** (January 15, 1888 – February 18, 1976) was an American actor, screenwriter, and director. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska. Henabery was best known for his role of Abraham Lincoln in D.W. Griffith's controversial 1915 silent movie _The Birth of a Nation_.

Henabery died on February 18, 1976, aged 88, in Los Angeles, California.
Reed Hastings

**Wilmot Reed Hastings Jr.** (born October 8, 1960) is an American businessman. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

Hastings is the co-founder, chairman, and co-chief executive officer (CEO) of Netflix. He is on the boards and non-profit organizations.
mango
George Lincoln Rockwell

**George Lincoln Rockwell** (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was an American politician and neo-Nazi. He founded the American Nazi Party. He was born in Bloomington, Illinois.

Rockwell denied The Holocaust and believed that Martin Luther King Jr. was a tool for Jewish Communists wanting to rule the white community. He blamed the civil rights movement on the Jews.

## Books

Rockwell wrote the book This Time The World in 1961
And White power in 1967.
These books will give you a lot more insight into his life for those researching him.
This time the world partains more so to his life and white power to his politics.

## Assassination

On August 25, 1967, Rockwell was assassinated in Arlington by John Patler at the age of 49.
John Patler

**John Patler** (, born January 6, 1938) is an American former neo-Nazi who was convicted for the assassination of American Nazi Party leader George Lincoln Rockwell on August 25, 1967. He was born in New York City.

Patler was in the U.S. Marine Corps from 1958 to 1960, when he was honorably discharged after being arrested at an American Nazi Party rally.

Patler later became a captain in the American Nazi Party and the editor and cartoonist for the party's magazine, _Stormtrooper_. However, he was expelled from the Party in March 1967 after disagreeing with party leader George Lincoln Rockwell about some of the party's policies.
Frazier Glenn Miller Jr.

**Frazier Glenn Miller Jr.** (November 23, 1940 – May 3, 2021), commonly known as **Glenn Miller** or **Frazier Glenn Cross**, was an American domestic terrorist and former leader of the White Patriot Party. Miller was a perennial candidate for public office.

He was a supporter of white nationalism, white separatism, Odinism, and antisemitism.

On April 13, 2014, Miller was arrested following the Overland Park Jewish Community Center shooting in Overland Park, Kansas. Johnson County prosecutors charged him with one count of capital murder and one count of first-degree murder. On October 17, 2014, the separate charge for first-degree murder was dismissed and all three deaths were included in a single capital murder count.

On August 31, 2015, Miller was found guilty in the Overland Park shooting of one count of capital murder, three counts of attempted murder and assault and weapons charges. Eight days later, the same jury recommended that Miller be put to death by lethal injection. On November 10, 2015, he was formally sentenced to death.

Miller died in prison at the El Dorado Correctional Facility in Butler County, Kansas on May 3, 2021. at the age of 80.
Overland Park Jewish Community Center shooting

On April 13, 2014, two shootings occurred at the Jewish Community Center of Greater Kansas City and Village Shalom, a Jewish retirement community, both located in Overland Park, Kansas. A total of three people were killed in the shootings, two of whom were shot at the community center and one shot at the retirement community.

The gunman, 73-year-old Frazier Glenn Miller Jr. of Aurora, Missouri, originally from North Carolina, was arrested during the attack and was subsequently tried, convicted of murder and other crimes, and sentenced to death. Miller is a former Klansman, neo-Nazi and former political candidate.
Aurora, Missouri

**Aurora** is a city in Lawrence County, Missouri, United States. The population was 7,219 at the 2020 census.
Mount Vernon, Missouri

**Mount Vernon** is a city in and the county seat of Lawrence County, Missouri, United States. The population was 4,526 as of the 2020 census.
Lumbar vertebrae

The **lumbar vertebrae** in humans are the five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis.

They are important parts of the vertebral column. They are called L1 to L5, starting at the top. The lumbar vertebrae help support the weight of the body, and allow movement. In particular, they connect to the pelvis.

Most people have five lumbar vertebrae, but some have four or six. Not much movement takes place between the lumbar vertebrae.

## Related pages

- Thoracic vertebrae

## Infobox (bone)

- **name**: Lumbar vertebrae
- **latin**: vertebrae lumbales
- **image**: Lumbar vertebrae anterior.png
- **caption**: Position of human lumbar vertebrae (shown in red). It consists of 5 bones, from the top down, L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5.
- **image2**: Gray93.png
- **caption2**: A typical lumbar vertebra
Embassy of the United States, Tehran

The **Embassy of the United States of America in Tehran** was the United States of America's diplomatic mission in the Imperial State of Iran. Diplomatic relations between the United States and Iran became intense following the Iranian Revolution in 1979, and the hostage crisis at the embassy in November 1979.
Economic sanctions

**Economic sanctions** are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a state, group, or person.

Economic sanctions are acted because of economic reasons, but also for political and military reasons.

## Related pages

- Embargo
Head Start

**Head Start** is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that gives early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and families.

The program's services and resources are designed to help stable family relationships,children's physical and emotional health, and create an environment to for cognitive skills.
Timothy Kraft

**Timothy E. Kraft** (born April 10, 1941) is a retired Democratic political consultant. He is best known as the campaign manager for the unsuccessful reelection bid of U.S. President Jimmy Carter. He was born in Noblesville, Indiana.

In September 1980, only weeks before the general election, he stepped down after it his cocaine was discovered.
Blue House

**Cheongwadae** (; Hanja: ; literally "pavilion of blue tiles"), also known as **the Blue House**, was the executive office and official residence of the President of the Republic of Korea until 2022.

It is located in Jongno-gu of the capital Seoul. The Blue House is the most protected official residence in Asia.
RSD-10 Pioneer

The **RSD-10 _Pioneer**_ (  tr.: _raketa sredney dalnosti (RSD) "Pioner"_; ) was an intermediate-range ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead, that stayed in the Soviet Union from 1976 to 1988. It carried GRAU designation **15Ж45** (_15Zh45_). Its NATO reporting name was **SS-20 Saber**.

## Other websites

- SS-20 - Saber - (MAZ-547A base), RSD-10, Pioneer – Walk around photos
- SS-20 Installations
Intermediate-range ballistic missile

An **intermediate-range ballistic missile** (**IRBM**) is a ballistic missile with a range  of 3,000–5,500 km (1,864–3,418 miles), between a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) and an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).

IRBMs are currently operated by the People's Republic of China, India, Israel, Russian Federation and North Korea.
Demilitarisation

**Demilitarisation** or **demilitarization** may mean the lowering of state armed forces. It is the opposite of militarisation. For instance, the demilitarisation of Northern Ireland caused a lowering of British security and military weapons. Another example is the demilitarisation of the Rhineland after World War 1. Demilitarisation in this sense is usually the result of a peace treaty ending a war or a major conflict.

## Related pages

- Demilitarized zone
Operation Cyclone

**Operation Cyclone** was the code name for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) program to arm and finance the mujahideen (jihadists) in Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989. The mujahideen were also supported by Britain's MI6.

Operation Cyclone was one of the longest and most expensive covert CIA operations ever. Funding officially began with $695,000 in 1979.
Mujahideen

***Mujahideen*** ( **') is the plural of ***mujahid*** ( **'). Mujahid is the Arabic term for one engaged in _jihad_ ( **'; literally, "struggle"). This term was first used to describe guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War.

## Militant groups

Several organisations use the word in their name such as the Mujahadeen Brigades () in Palestine. They are the militant wing of the Mujahadeen Movement of Palestine ().

The word is also used by groups outside the Arabic speaking world in Central and West Asia. Such as in Iran, for example the **People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran** (**PMOI**), also known as **Mojahedin-e-Khalq** (**MEK**) or **Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization** (**MKO_') (). The most common names for this group in English sources are "People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran" (PMOI), Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK) and Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization (MKO). Some sources have used literal translations such as People's Struggler's or People's Holy Warriors.

## Related words in English

The English term _jihadists'' is also related to the mujahideen.
Jihadism

"**Jihadism**" (Arabic: جَهَادَىتْعيا) (also "**jihadist movement**", "**jihadi movement**" and variants) is a 21st-century neologism found in Western languages to describe Islamist militant movements seen by the military to be "rooted in Islam" and a threat to the West.

The term "jihadism" first appeared in South Asian media; Western journalists adopted it in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks of 2001.
One America Appeal

The **One America Appeal** is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization founded on 7 September 2017, by all five then living former U.S. Presidents: Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama. This aimed to encourage support for recovery efforts for Hurricane Harvey, but was then extended to include areas most affected by Hurricanes Irma and Maria.

The appeal was launched when the five former Presidents aired a joint PSA on the NFL’s regular season opening broadcast.
Aijalon Gomes

**Aijalon Mahli Gomes**  (June 19, 1979 – November 17, 2017) was an American teacher. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.

He was detained in North Korea for illegally entering the country through China on January 25, 2010. On August 27, 2010, it was announced that former U.S. president Jimmy Carter had secured Gomes's release. In May 2015, Gomes published an autobiography, _Violence and Humanity_.

On November 17, 2017, he was found burned to death in what was ruled a suicide at a park in San Diego, California at the age of 38.
Tomás Borge

**Tomás Borge Martínez** (13 August 1930 – 30 April 2012) was a Nicaraguan politician and writer. He was the cofounder of the Sandinista National Liberation Front in Nicaragua and was Interior Minister of Nicaragua during one of the administrations of Daniel Ortega.

Borge also held the titles of "Vice-Secretary and President of the FSLN", member of the Nicaraguan Parliament and National Congress, and Ambassador to Peru.
The Elders (organization)

**The Elders** is an international non-governmental organization of public figures known as elder statesmen, peace activists, and human rights advocates. They were brought together by Nelson Mandela in 2007. They describe themselves as "independent global leaders working together for peace and human rights".

The goal Mandela set for the Elders was to use their "almost 1,000 years of collective experience" to work on solutions for controversial and long-lasting problems such as climate change, HIV/AIDS, and poverty, as well as to "use their political independence to help resolve some of the world's most intractable conflicts".
Nairobi Agreement, 1999

The 1999 **Nairobi Agreement** was a deal signed by Presidents Yoweri Museveni of Uganda and Omar al-Bashir of Sudan in Nairobi, Kenya, on 8 December 1999.

The stated intent of the agreement was  to "provide the critical impetus for resolving the northern Uganda conflict." The deal was brokered by former US president Jimmy Carter.
Emory University Hospital

**Emory University Hospital** is a 733-bed facility in Atlanta, Georgia, focusing in the care of acutely ill adults. Emory University Hospital is staffed by Emory University School of Medicine faculty who also are members of The Emory Clinic.

The hospital is known as one of the nation's leaders in cardiology and cardiac surgery, oncology, transplantation, ophthalmology, and the neurosciences.
United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights

The **United Nations Prizes in the Field of Human Rights** were created and given by United Nations General Assembly (UN General Assembly) in 1966. They are intended to "honour and commend people and organizations which have made an outstanding contribution to the promotion and protection of the human rights. The ceremony for the laureates is hold on Human Rights Day, 10 December in every fifth year.
Hoover Medal

The **Hoover Medal** is an American engineering prize.

It has been given since 1930 for "outstanding extra-career services by engineers to humanity".

The prize is given jointly by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, American Society of Civil Engineers, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

It is named for Herbert Hoover, the first recipient, who was an engineer by profession.
Disappearance of Brian Shaffer

**Brian Shaffer** (born February 25, 1979) was a medical student at Ohio State University. On the night of March 31, 2006, Shaffer went out with friends to celebrate the beginning of spring break. He was separated from them and they thought he had gone home. Shaffer has not been seen or heard from since. The case has received national media attention.

Columbus police have several theories about what happened; some interest and suspicion has been directed at a friend of Shaffer's who went with him that night but who has refused to take lie detector tests about the incident.

While foul play has been suspected, including the possible involvement of the Smiley Face serial killer, it has also been speculated that he might be alive and living somewhere else under a new identity.
Smiley face murder theory

The **Smiley face murder theory** (variations include **Smiley face murders**, **Smiley face killings**, **Smiley face gang**, and others) is a theory believed by retired New York City detectives Kevin Gannon and Anthony Duarte. They say that a number of young men found dead in bodies of water across several Midwestern American states from the late 1990s to the 2010s did not accidentally drown. They believe that they were victims of a serial killer or killers.

The term "smiley face" became connected to the alleged murders when it was made public that the police had discovered graffiti showing a smiley face near locations where they think the killer dumped the bodies in at least a dozen of the cases.

Gannon wrote a textbook case study on the subject titled "Case Studies in Drowning Forensics". The response of law enforcement investigators and the Federal Bureau of Investigation to not believe in this theory and had investigated it saying that it is a hoax.
Ahmed Al-Qadri

**Ahmed Al-Qadri** (1956 – 3 September 2020) was a Syrian agricultural engineer and politician. He was born in Al-Hasakah, Syria. He was a member of Bashar al-Assad's cabinet. He was Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform from February 2013 to August 2020.

Al-Qadri died of COVID-19 on 3 September 2020 at a hospital in Damascus at the age of 64.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ahmed Al-Qadri
- **birth place**: Al-Hasakah, Syria
- **nationality**: Syrian
- **occupation**: Politician, agricultural engineer
- **title**: Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (Syria), Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (2013-2020)
Brumado

**Brumado** is a Brazilian municipality in the interior of Bahia, in the Northeast region of the country. In 2016, 69,473 people lived here.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Brumado
- **settlement type**: Municipality
- **official name**: The Municipality of Brumado
- **nickname**: _Capital do minério_,
 _Brumas_,
 _BDO_
- **image skyline**: Brumado.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Image of the center and neighborhood of São Félix.
- **image flag**: Brumado-bahia - panoramio - Roberto de vasconcel… (2).jpg
- **image seal**: Brasão bdo.jpg
- **image map**: Bahia Municip Brumado.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Brumado
- **pushpin map**: Brazil
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Brazil
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Brazil, Region
- **subdivision type2**: States of Brazil, State
- **subdivision name1**: Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast
- **subdivision name2**: Bahia
- **subdivision type3**: Mesoregion (geography), Mesoregion
- **subdivision name3**: Mesoregion of south central Bahia
- **subdivision type4**: Administrative division, Microregion
- **subdivision name4**: Microregion of Brumado
- **subdivision type5**: Municipal subdivisions - districts
- **subdivision name5**: Ubiraçaba;
Itaquaraí;
 Cristalândia
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Eduardo Vasconcelos Brazilian Socialist Party, (PSB)
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: June 11, 1877
- **area total km2**: 2207.612
- **area urban km2**: 2174
- **population as of**: 2016
- **population total**: 69 473
- **population density km2**: 29,01
- **timezone**: UTC-03, Brasilia Official Time
- **utc offset**: -3
- **timezone dst**: UTC-02, Brazilian Daylight Saving Time
- **utc offset dst**: -2
- **elevation m**: 454
- **area code**: +55 77
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 46100-000
- **website**: [http://brumado.ba.gov.br/stransparencia/Index/Index/Brumado oficial website]
André Lespagnol

**André Lespagnol** (26 July 1943 – 13 September 2020) was a French politician and professor. He was a professor at the University of Rennes 2, focusing on the history of Saint-Malo. He was President of the University of Rennes 2 from 1991 to 1996. In 2004, he was elected Vice-President of the Regional Council of Brittany, serving until 2010. He was born in Crozon, France.

Lespagnol died on 13 September 2020 at the age of 77.
Russ Meekins Jr.

**Edward Russell Meekins Jr.** (1949 – September 13, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Alaska House of Representatives between 1973 to 1975 and again from 1977 to 1983. His father Russ Meekins Sr. was also a politician. Meekins was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Anchorage, Alaska.

Meekins Jr. died on September 13, 2020 in Massachusetts at the age of 71.
Vital Alsar

**Vital Alsar Ramírez** (August 7, 1933 – September 15, 2020) was a Spanish-born Mexican sailor and scientist. He made several extremely long sailing expeditions. He was born in Santander, Cantabria. He was known for having sailed .

Between 1966 and 1973, Alsar led three expeditions by raft across the Pacific Ocean, from Ecuador and Australia. The first expedition failed, but the second and third succeeded, both setting the record for the longest known raft voyages in history— and .

Vital later replaced the rafts with galleons to carry out the project "_Mar, hombre y paz_", which was begun in 1980. This expedition took the _trapo blanco_ (white rag), around the world on board the _La Marigalante_.

Alsar died on September 15, 2020 in Mexico City at the age of 87.
Parliament of Uganda

The **Parliament of Uganda** is the country's unicameral legislative body.

The most significant of the Ugandan parliament's job is to pass laws. The fiscal issues of the government, such as taxation and loans need the sanction of the parliament, after appropriate debate.
Faith Alupo

**Faith Alupo** (9 October 1983 – 15 September 2020) was a Ugandan politician. She was a Member of Parliament, representing the Pallisa District. She was elected to that position in June 2018. She was a member of the National Resistance Movement.

Alupo died on 15 September 2020 in Kampala, Uganda from COVID-19 at the age of 36.
John Ferris (swimmer)

**John Edward Ferris** (July 24, 1949 – September 13, 2020) was an American competition swimmer and former world record-holder. He was born in Sacramento, California.

Ferris won two bronze medals at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. He received a gold medal in the 200-meter butterfly at the 1967 World University Games, where he set a new world-record time of 2:06.0.

Ferris died in Walnut Creek, California on September 13, 2020 from lung cancer, aged 71.
John Ferris

**John Ferris** may refer to:
- John Ferris (cricketer) (1867–1900), Australian cricketer
- John Ferris (New Brunswick politician) (1811–1884), Canadian politician, represented Queen's, New Brunswick
- John Ferris (Ontario politician) (born 1930s), Canadian politician, represented London South
- John Ferris (swimmer) (1949-2020), American swimmer
Ahmed Ben Salah

**Ahmed Ben Salah** () (13 January 1926 – 16 September 2020) was a Tunisian politician and trades union leader. His ideas for a planned economy were important for Tunisia's economic development between 1957 to 1969. He was born in Moknine, Tunisia. Ben Salah was the Minister of Finance between 1961 to 1969.

Ben Salah died on 16 September 2020 in Tunis at the age of 94.
Hurricane Alice (December 1954)

**Hurricane Alice** is the only known Atlantic hurricane to span two calendar years. It is one of two named Atlantic tropical cyclones. The other is Tropical Storm Zeta of 2005.
Hanson, Massachusetts

**Hanson** is a town in Plymouth County in the state of Massachusetts. One of the inland towns of the South Shore, the population was 10,639 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Hanson, Massachusetts
- **nickname**: Cranberry City
- **image skyline**: File:MA Route 58 northbound entering Hanson MA.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: MA Massachusetts Route 58, Route 58 Northbound entering Hanson
- **image seal**: Seal of Hanson, Massachusetts.svg
- **image map**: Plymouth County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Hanson highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Plymouth County in Massachusetts
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Massachusetts
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Massachusetts, County
- **subdivision name2**: Plymouth County, Massachusetts, Plymouth
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1632
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1820
- **government type**: Open town meeting
- **leader title**: Town Administrator
- **leader title1**: Select Board
- **area total km2**: 40.6
- **area total sq mi**: 15.7
- **area land km2**: 38.9
- **area land sq mi**: 15.0
- **area water km2**: 1.7
- **area water sq mi**: 0.7
- **population as of**: 2020
- **settlement type**: New England town, Town
- **population total**: 10639
- **population density km2**: auto
- **elevation m**: 27
- **elevation ft**: 90
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **website**: [http://www.hanson-ma.gov/ www.hanson-ma.gov]
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 02341, 02350
- **area code**: Area code 339, 339/Area code 781, 781
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 25-28495
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0619468
- **elevation max point**: Bonney Hill, 152ft
Stanley Crouch

**Stanley Lawrence Crouch** (December 14, 1945 – September 16, 2020) was an American poet, music, and cultural critic. He was best known for his jazz criticism and his 2000 novel _Don't the Moon Look Lonesome?_ Crouch was born in Los Angeles. He was also a known critic of jazz in New York City and worked with _The New York Times_.

Crouch died on September 16, 2020 at a hospital in New York City at the age of 74.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America
Núria Gispert i Feliu

**Núria Gispert y Feliu** (6 June 1936 – 16 September 2020) was a Spanish politician, Catholic activist and social worker. She was born in Barcelona. She was a member of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia. Between 1979 to 1995, she was a member of the City Council of Barcelona.

Feliu died on 16 September 2020 in Barcelona of colon cancer at the age of 84.
Enrique Irazoqui

**Enrique Irazoqui** (5 July 1944 – 16 September 2020) was a Spanish actor and political activist. He was born in Barcelona. Irazoqui was best known for his role as Jesus Christ in the 1964 movie _The Gospel According to St. Matthew_.

Irazoqui died on 16 September 2020 in Barcelona at the age of 76.
Ed Bearss

**Edwin Cole Bearss** (; June 26, 1923 – September 15, 2020) was an American military historian and writer. He was a United States Marine Corps veteran of World War II.

He was known for his work on the American Civil War and World War II eras. He was a tour guide of historic battlefields for The Smithsonian Associates and was Chief Historian of the National Park Service from 1981 to 1994. He was born in Billings, Montana.

Bearss died at his home in Arlington, Virginia on September 15, 2020 at the age of 97.
Jack Kelley (ice hockey)

**John Henry "Jack" Kelley** (July 10, 1927 – September 15, 2020) was an American ice hockey coach. He was a member of the United States Hockey Hall of Fame. Kelley was the first general manager and head coach of the New England Whalers of the World Hockey Association (WHA).

He was head coach at Boston University. He was born in Medford, Massachusetts.

Kelley died on September 15, 2020 at the age of 93.
William Henry Danforth

**William Henry Danforth II** (April 10, 1926 – September 16, 2020) was an American physician, professor of medicine, and academic administrator. He was chancellor of Washington University in St. Louis from 1971 until 1995. He was the brother of former U.S. Senator John Danforth. Danforth was born in St. Louis, Missouri.

Danford died on September 16, 2020 in St. Louis from problems caused by a fall at the age of 94.
Maxim Martsinkevich

**Maxim Sergeyevich Martsinkevich** (, 8 May 1984 – 16 September 2020), better known as **Tesak** (_Cleaver_, _Hatchet_, _Hand Axe_, _Machete_), was a Russian neo-Nazi activist, media personality, vlogger, and the leader and co-founder of the Restruct movement.

## Political activities

He was known for his white power skinhead and the leader of the far-right youth group Format 18. He was also a key member of Occupy Pedophilia.

## Prison sentences

Martsinkevich received three prison sentences for inciting racial or ethnic hatred. Tesak was first indicted in 2007, after disrupting political debates by performing the Nazi salute and yelling "Sieg Heil!" at a book club in Moscow. In 2009, he was sentenced to three years for making a video with racist content.

In the autumn of 2013, Tesak was indicted again for releasing new videos featuring racist remarks. As a result, on 15 August 2014, he was sentenced to five years in prison. On 11 November 2014, the court reduced the sentence to two years and 10 months.

On 27 June 2017, the Babushkinsky district court of Moscow sentenced Martsinkevich to ten years in a strict regimen corrective labor colony for his involvement in attacks targeting synthetic cannabinoids dealers.

## Death

He got killed  in prison on 16 September 2020 at the age of 36.
Balli Durga Prasad Rao

**Balli Durga Prasad Rao** (15 June 1956 – 16 September 2020) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India in the 2019 Indian general election. He was a member of the YSR Congress Party. Rao was also a member of the Andhra Pradesh MLA from 1985 to 1989, 1994 to 1999, and 2009 to 2014.

Rao died at a medical center in New Delhi on 16 September 2020 from COVID-19, aged 64.