juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ned Kelly

**Edward "Ned" Kelly** (3 June 1855 – 11 November 1880) was an Australian bushranger. He has become a symbolic figure in Australian history, folklore, books, art and movies. As a national icon, his image was used during the opening ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He is remembered in the saying "... as game as Ned Kelly"; the word _game_ in this case meaning _brave_.

While he was growing up, his family was often in trouble with the police. After fighting a policeman at his home in 1878, Kelly went  the bush to hide. He murdered three policemen who were searching for him. The government made Ned, his brother, and two friends outlaws. They became known as the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly led the gang to rob a number of banks, and even capture a whole town. A final violent fight with police took place at Glenrowan. Kelly, dressed in home-made metal armour and helmet, was captured and sent to trial. Found guilty, he was hanged at the Melbourne Gaol in 1880.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Ned Kelly
- **image name**: Ned kelly 1874.jpg
- **image caption**: Ned Kelly in 1874, aged 19
- **birth date**: 3 June 1855
- **birth place**: Beveridge, Victoria, Beveridge, Victoria (Australian state), Victoria, Australia
- **death date**: 11 November 1880 (aged 25)
- **death place**: Melbourne, Victoria (Australian state), Victoria, Australia
- **occupation**: Bushranger
- **conviction penalty**: Death
- **conviction status**: Hanging, Executed by hanging
- **parents**: John "Red" Kelly (1820–1866)
Ellen Kelly (née Quinn) (1832–1923)
- **conviction**: Murder, assault, theft, armed robbery
- **relatives**: Dan Kelly (bushranger), Dan Kelly (brother)
Kate Kelly (outlaw), Kate Kelly (sister)
Ben Hall

**Ben Hall** (9 May 1837 — 5 May 1865) was a famous Australian bushranger. A bushranger is a thief who roamed the countryside and country towns of Australia, usually escaping on horseback when they get found out, like a highwayman. Most bushrangers were simply criminals and thieves. Ben Hall is one of the few bushrangers, like Ned Kelly, who were thought of as outlaw heroes.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ben Hall
- **image**: Ben Hall 1863 detail.jpg
- **caption**: Ben Hall, photographed in 1863 (from the New South Wales State Library).
- **birth name**: Ben Hall Jr.
- **birth place**: Wallis Plains, Maitland, New South Wales, Australia
- **death place**: Goobang Creek, New South Wales, Australia
- **resting place**: Forbes, New South Wales, Australia
- **occupation**: Bushranger
- **children**: 1
Ride the Lightning

***Ride the Lightning*** is the second album released by American thrash metal band Metallica. It was released on July 27, 1984. It got good reviews. It has sold over six million copies in the US.

## Songs from the album

**Side one**

**Side two**

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Ride the Lightning
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Metallica
- **alt**: An electric chair with lightning striking on it, with more lightning, the lightning is also coming out of the metallica logo, as in blue
- **released**: July 27, 1984
- **recorded**: February 20 - March 14, 1984 at Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen, Denmark
- **genre**: Thrash metal
- **length**: 47:26
- **label**: Megaforce Records, Megaforce, Music for Nations, Elektra Records, Elektra, Vertigo Records, Vertigo
- **producer**: Metallica, Flemming Rasmussen
- **prev title**: Kill 'Em All
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next title**: Master of Puppets
- **next year**: 1986
Text file

A **text file** is a computer file structured as a sequence of lines of electronic text. Each line is a sequence of printable characters.
They can be opened and edited with Wordpad, Notepad, and other text editors. Text files usually contain plain text and not binary data. Whether it be a story, recipe, or even directions to Grandma's house, you can put it in a text file.
When text is stored with Microsoft Word or LibreOffice Writer the file is no more called a text file, but a word processor file or document file.

Text files are commonly encountered with an extension of .doc, .txt, and many others, depending on the software and hardware you choose.
Virtual Console

**Virtual Console** (**VC**) is a service on Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Wii U that lets users download older  video games for Wii Points or real money. The games are from the Nintendo Entertainment System, Super NES, Game Boy, Game Boy Color, Nintendo 64, Sega Master System, Sega Mega Drive, TurboGrafx-16, TurboGrafx-CD, Neo Geo AES, Commodore 64, and MSX (Japan only). The service is available in Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and South Korea.

## Other websites

- Official Virtual Console site

## Infobox (online service)

- **logo**: Virtual console Logo.svg
- **developer**: Nintendo
- **type**: Classic video game re-release distribution
- **website**: **Wii**
[https://www.nintendo.com/games/gameGuide?system=wii&purchase=retail Official US website]
[https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Search/Search-299117.html?q=&faf=GAMeE&gst=wii_disc Official UK website]
[http://search1.nintendo.co.jp/search/software.php?keyword=&release_mode=&release%5Bstart%5D=0&release%5Bend%5D=19&hard%5B6%5D=wiiVc&x=189&y=34&limit=&view_order= Official Japanese website]
**Nintendo 3DS**
[https://www.nintendo.com/3ds/downloads/games Official US website]
[https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Nintendo-3DS/Download-Content/Games/Games-115853.html Official UK website]
[http://search1.nintendo.co.jp/search/software.php?keyword=&release_mode=&release%5Bstart%5D=0&release%5Bend%5D=19&hard%5B10%5D=3dsVc&x=164&y=22&limit=&view_order= Official Japanese website]
**Wii U**
[https://www.nintendo.com/wiiu/downloads/virtual-console Official US website]
[https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Wii-U/Download-Content/Virtual-Console/Virtual-Console-751913.html Official UK website]
[https://www.nintendo.co.jp/wiiu/software/vc/index.html Official Japanese website]
- **name**: Virtual Console
Provincially Administered Tribal Area

The **Provincially Administered Tribal Areas** (PATA) are administrative subdivisions in the Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan.

## List of PATA

According to article 246(b) of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, the following areas are PATA:

### Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)

- Chitral District
- Dir District
- Swat District (including Kalam)
- The Tribal Area in Kohistan District
- Malakand District
- The Tribal Area adjoining (Batagram, Allai and Black Mountain of Hazara),Mansehra District.
- The former state of Amb.

### Balochistan

- Zhob District
- Loralai District (excluding Duki Tehsil)
- Dalbandin Tehsil of Chagai District
- Marri Tribal Territory in Sibi District
- Bugti Tribal Territory in Sibi District

## Related pages

- Federally Administered Tribal Areas
Local government in Pakistan

The 2001 **Local Government Ordinance** provides for devolution of government to district administrations in Pakistan. (Districts are the third tier of government They are sub-divisions of provinces. Before the Local Government Ordnance they were known as _sub-divisions_.) Each district administration is headed by a District Coordinating Officer (_DCO_] and a _Zila Nazim_.

The **District Coordination Officer** is the administrative head of the District Administration. They have wide-ranging responsibility for overseeing, improving and directing the approved plans of the District Government.

The **Zila Nazim** is the executive head of the District Administration. Their role is similar to district governor or prefect, with responsibility for implementing government strategy and developing initiatives arising out of it.
Federally Administered Tribal Areas

The **Federally Administered Tribal Areas** (**FATA**) () in Pakistan were areas of Pakistan outside the four western provinces, they had an area of 27,220 km² (10,507 mi²). FATA was merged with the province of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in 2017. Miran Shah was the tribal capital. There were seven areas known as Agencies and six areas known as Frontier Regions.

- Bajaur Agency
- Khyber Agency
- Kurram Agency
- Mohmand Agency
- Orakzai Agency
- North Waziristan Agency
- South Waziristan Agency

## Frontier Regions

The Frontier Regions are named after their adjacent settled districts. The administration of the FR is carried out by the DCO / DC of the neighbouring named district. The overall administration of the frontier regions is carried out by the FATA Secretariat, based in Peshawar and reporting to the Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. The six regions are:
- Frontier Region Bannu
- Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan
- Frontier Region Kohat
- Frontier Region Lakki Marwat
- Frontier Region Peshawar
- Frontier Region Tank (Jandola)

## Geography

The FATA are bordered by: Afghanistan to the west with the border marked by the Durand Line, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa to the north and east, and Balochistan to the south.

The seven Tribal Areas lie in a north-to-south strip that is adjacent to the west side of the six Frontier Regions, which also lie in a north-to-south strip. The areas within each of those two regions are geographically arranged in a sequence from north to south.

The geographical arrangement of the seven Tribal Areas in order from north to south is:
Bajaur Agency, Mohmand Agency, Khyber, Orakzai Agency, Kurram, North Waziristan, South Waziristan.
The geographical arrangement of the six Frontier Regions in order from north to south is:
Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Tank, Dera Ismail Khan.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Federally Administered Tribal Areas
- **native name**: ()
- **image skyline**: 2007 08 27 Pakistan Khyber Gate on Jamrud Road looking west bound IMG 9936.jpg
- **image caption**: Bab-e-Khyber
- **image flag**: Flag of FATA.svg
- **flag alt**: Flag of FATA
- **image seal**: Coat of arms of FATA.svg
- **seal alt**: Coat of arms of FATA
- **image map**: Federally Administered Tribal Areas in Pakistan (claims hatched).svg
- **map caption**: Location of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Administrative units of Pakistan, Administrative unit
- **subdivision name1**: Federal territory
- **subdivision type2**: Components
- **subdivision name2**: 7 Agencies
6 Frontier Regions
- **established date**: 1st July 1970
- **seat type**: Administrative centre
- **seat**: Peshawar
- **leader title**: Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
- **leader name**: Syed Masood Kausar
- **area total km2**: 27220
- **population total**: 3176331
- **population as of**: 1998
- **population density km2**: auto
- **utc offset1**: +5
- **website**: http://www.fata.gov.pk/
Azrael

**Azrael** is commonly known as the "angel of death" in various religious traditions, including some branches of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The name is an English rendering of the Arabic **ʿAzrāʾīl** (), sometimes spelled **Izrail**, **Azra'il**, or **Ezrael**. The name is often translated as "God’s helper".

## In Islamic tradition

The Qur'an does not mention the name Azrael. Instead, the scripture refers to "Malak al-Mawt" (), meaning "the Angel of Death", in the singular:

Islamic teachings hold that this angel takes the souls of the deceased by the command of God. While the name Azrael does not appear in the Qur'an or authentic hadith (including Hadith Qudsi), it is found in later Islamic literature, influenced in part by Jewish and Christian apocryphal sources (Isra'iliyyat).

Some Islamic scholars later adopted the name Azrael in theological writings, though others caution against relying on non-Qur’anic sources.

The Qur'an also suggests that other angels may assist the Angel of Death during the process of soul retrieval, especially for the righteous or the wicked (e.g., Qur'an 6:61, 16:28). However, these helpers are not referred to as "angels of death."

## In Jewish tradition

In Jewish mysticism, Azrael appears in some apocryphal and Kabbalistic texts as the Angel of Death. He is sometimes described as one of the four archangels, alongside Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. In some rabbinic writings, he is said to hold a book recording the fate of all souls and to separate the soul from the body at death.

However, Azrael is not mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and his role varies across different Jewish sources.

## In Christian tradition

In mainstream Christian doctrine, the Angel of Death is not personified by name in canonical scripture. However, in Christian folklore and intertestamental literature, Azrael is sometimes mentioned as the angel responsible for separating soul from body.

Some Gnostic texts, Catholic apocrypha, and later medieval writings refer to Azrael by name, assigning him a role similar to that found in Islamic or Jewish tradition.

## In popular culture

Azrael has been depicted in various forms of literature, art, and film. He is often portrayed as a solemn, hooded figure with wings, or more symbolically as a skeletal being holding a scythe — though such imagery is rooted more in Western artistic tradition than in religious texts.

The name Azrael has also been used in comic books, video games, and novels, where the character may represent death, justice, or vengeance.

## Related pages

- Archangel
- Book of Enoch

## Other websites

- Quran 32:11 - quran.com
- Jewish texts - sefaria.org
- New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia
Mangla Dam

The **Mangla Dam** () in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan is the twelfth largest dam in the world. It is the second largest earth filled dam after Tarbela Dam. The dam was built in 1967 with funding from the World Bank.

## Other websites

- Pictures - Mangla Dam
- Site of Jhelum where Mangla Dam is located
Exhibition game

An **exhibition game** (also known as simply **exhibition**, or a **demonstration** event, a **friendly,** a **preparation match**, a **warm-up game**) is a sporting event in which there is no competitive value of any real kind to any competitor (such as tournament or season rankings, or prize money) regardless of the outcome of the competition. The types of matches are usually played before a season so the coach can try a new formation or select players from the bench, like in Association football.

Some sports have an all-star game. This means that the best players are picked from that league and they play against another all-star team or a better team from another country. These matches are usually friendlies, but have a little more competition. An example is the MLS All-Stars against Real Madrid CF.
Academy

An **academy** (Greek ἀκαδημία) is an institution of higher learning, research, or honorary membership.
The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded about 385 BC at **Akademia**, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, north of Athens, Greece.
Sergei Fedorov

**Sergei Viktorovich Fedorov** (Russian:Сергей Викторович Фёдоров, _Sergey Viktorovich Fyodorov_; born December 13 1969 in Pskov, Soviet Union) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey forward and occasional defenseman who plays for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League. He gained fame playing for the Detroit Red Wings before tenures with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Columbus Blue Jackets.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Sergei Fedorov (2893368327).jpg
- **image size**: 225px
- **caption**: Fedorov with Capitals in 2008
- **position**: Centre (ice hockey), Centre
- **birth place**: Pskov, Soviet Union
- **shot**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 2
- **weight lb**: 206
- **played for**: **National Hockey League, NHL**:
Detroit Red Wings
Anaheim Ducks, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
Columbus Blue Jackets
Washington Capitals
**Soviet Championship League, Soviet**:
HC CSKA Moscow
**Kontinental Hockey League, KHL**:
Metallurg Magnitogorsk
- **ntl team**: Soviet Union
- **ntl team 2**: Russia
- **draft**: 74th overall
- **draft year**: 1989
- **draft team**: Detroit Red Wings
- **career start**: 1986
- **career end**: 2013
Spartak Tennis Club

The **Spartak Tennis Club** is a tennis training ground near Sokolniki Park in Moscow, Russia. It has 15 outdoor clay courts, which remain closed for half of the year, and only one indoor court. Although the facilties are getting old, many top Russian tennis players trained there. These include Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Marat Safin, Elena Dementieva, Dinara Safina, Anastasia Myskina, and Anna Kournikova are all graduates of Spartak.
Pavel Bure

**Pavel Vladimirovich Bure** (; born on March 31, 1971 in Moscow, Russian SFSR) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a career total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Vancouver Canucks, Florida Panthers and New York Rangers. He was nicknamed "The Russian Rocket" because of his speed. He began his hockey training in the Soviet Union, where he was known as "Pasha".

In a press conference in Moscow on November 1, 2005, Bure announced that he was retiring from professional hockey because of complications with his chronically injured knee. On June 27, 2012, Bure was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame along with Joe Sakic, Adam Oates and Mats Sundin.

On November 2, 2013, the Canucks retired Bure's #10 jersey.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Pavel Bure in Canucks uniform.jpg
- **image size**: 225px
- **caption**: Bure with Canucks in 1997
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **birth place**: Moscow, Soviet Union
- **shot**: Left
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 191
- **played for**: **Soviet Championship League, SCL**/**International Hockey League (1992–1996), IHL (Russia)**:
HC CSKA Moscow, CSKA Moscow
HC Spartak Moscow, Spartak Moscow
**National Hockey League, NHL**:
Vancouver Canucks
Florida Panthers
New York Rangers
**Deutsche Eishockey Liga, DEL**:
Landshut Cannibals, EV Landshut
- **ntl team**: Soviet Union
- **ntl team 2**: Russia
- **draft**: 113th overall
- **draft year**: 1989
- **draft team**: Vancouver Canucks
- **career start**: 1987
- **career end**: 2003
- **halloffame**: 2012
FHM

***FHM*** or ***For Him Magazine*** was an international monthly magazine. The magazine began publication in 1985 in the United Kingdom under the name _For Him_ and changed its title to _FHM_ in 1994, although the full _For Him Magazine_ continues to be printed on the spine of each issue. Founded by Chris Astridge, the magazine was a predominantly fashion-based publication distributed through high street men's fashion outlets. Circulation expanded to newsagents as a quarterly by the spring of 1987. _FHM_ was sold from EMAP to Bauer in December 2007.

In December 2015, _FHM_ published their final issue. It would then be moved to digital only.
Monica Seles

**Monica Seles** is a retired professional tennis player. She is a member of the International Tennis Hall of Fame. She has represented the United States as well as Yugoslavia.
Lindsay Davenport

**Lindsay Ann Davenport** (born June 8, 1976 in Palos Verdes, California) is a former World No. 1 American professional tennis player. She has won three Grand Slam singles tournaments, three Grand Slam doubles tournaments and, in 1996, an Olympic gold medal in singles. She is one of only four women (the others being Steffi Graf, Martina Navratilova, and Chris Evert) since 1975 who has been the year-end World No. 1 at least four times. Davenport finished 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2005 as the top ranked player.

She is a daughter of Wink Davenport.
Natasha Zvereva

**Natalya "Natasha" Zvereva** (; born April 16, 1971) is a retired tennis player from Belarus.  Playing initially for the Soviet Union, Zvereva won many doubles titles during the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s.

## Infobox (tennis biography)

- **name**: Natasha Zvereva
<small>Наташа Зверaва</small>
- **image**: Natasha Zvereva 2010.jpg
- **country**: (1988–1991),
 (1992),
 (1992),
 (from 1993)
- **residence**: Minsk, Belarus
- **birth place**: Minsk, Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union
- **turnedpro**: May 1988
- **retired**: 2002
- **plays**: Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
- **careerprizemoney**: $7,792,503
- **tennishofyear**: 2010 _([https://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/inductees/natasha-zvereva/ member page])_
- **singlesrecord**: 434–252
- **singlestitles**: 4 WTA, 3 ITF
- **highestsinglesranking**: No. 5 (22 May 1989)
- **australianopenresult**: QF (1995 Australian Open – Women's Singles, 1995)
- **frenchopenresult**: F (1988 French Open – Women's Singles, 1988)
- **wimbledonresult**: SF (1998 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles, 1998)
- **usopenresult**: QF (1993 US Open – Women's Singles, 1993)
- **doublesrecord**: 714–170
- **doublestitles**: 80 WTA, 3 ITF
- **highestdoublesranking**: List of WTA number 1 ranked tennis players#Doubles, No. **1** (7 October 1991)
- **australianopendoublesresult**: **W** (1993, 1994, 1997)
- **frenchopendoublesresult**: **W** (1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997)
- **wimbledondoublesresult**: **W** (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1997)
- **usopendoublesresult**: **W** (1991, 1992, 1995, 1996)
- **othertournamentsdoubles**: yes
- **olympicsdoublesresult**:  Bronze medal (Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's Doubles, 1992)
- **wtachampionshipsdoublesresult**: **W** (1993, 1994, 1998)
- **mixed**: yes
- **mixedtitles**: 2
- **australianopenmixedresult**: **W** (1990, 1995)
- **wimbledonmixedresult**: F (1991)
- **usopenmixedresult**: F (1990)
- **team**: yes
- **fedcupresult**: 59–21
- **medals-expand**: yes
Max Mirnyi

**Max Mirnyi** (born July 6, 1977, in Minsk) is a tennis player from Belarus. A doubles specialist, he holds seven Grand Slam titles: men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and 2005 and 2006 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998 and 2007 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon.
Filderstadt

**Filderstadt** () is a town in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is about  south of Stuttgart.
Filderstadt is next to the Stuttgart Airport.

Filderstadt was created in 1975 from five smaller towns called Bernhausen, Bonlanden, Plattenhardt, Sielmingen and Harthausen.

From 1978 to 2005, the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, a Women's Tennis Association Tier II event, was held in Filderstadt.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image coa**: Wappen Filderstadt.svg
- **image photo**: Bonlanden Franzosenschule 01.jpg
- **image caption**: Old school in Filderstadt-Bonlanden
- **image plan**: Filderstadt in ES.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Stuttgart
- **district**: Esslingen
- **elevation**: 371
- **area**: 38.54
- **population**: 43654
- **stand**: 2006-07-01
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08116077
- **postal code**: 70794
- **area code**: 0711 and 07158
- **licence**: ES
- **mayor**: Christoph Traub
- **party**: CDU
Berlei

**Berlei** is a brand of women's underwear and in particular bras and girdles
.
The brand started in Australia in 1917

.
Berlei bras are now sold worldwide by Hanesbrands.

The name came from that of the firm's founder, Frederick R. Burley, who felt that his name as normally spelled was not appropriate to his products.

Berlei Limited was one of the first Australian companies to expand outside Australia. Berlei (New Zealand) Limited was incorporated in 1923 and Berlei (U.K.) Limited was organised in 1930.

## Infobox (brand)

- **name**: Berlei
- **currentowner**: Hanesbrands
- **website**: https://www.berlei.com.au/
- **type**: Lingerie
- **logo**: Berlei logo 2017.svg
Lycos

**Lycos** is a search engine and web portal centered around broadband entertainment content.
K-Swiss

**K-Swiss, Inc.** is an American footwear company. It is based in Westlake Village, California. It designs, develops, and markets a range of athletic shoes under the K-Swiss brand and its wholly owned subsidiary Royal Elastics, Inc.

K-Swiss was founded in 1966 in Los Angeles, California, by two Swiss brothers who became interested in tennis after emigrating to the United States, where they introduced the first leather tennis shoes.
Gwadar City

**Gwadar** is on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, on the Sea of Oman. It is between three increasingly important regions: the oil-rich Middle East, heavily populated South Asia and the economic<nowiki/>ally emerging and resource-laden region of Central Asia. The Gwadar Port is expected to generate billions of dollars in revenues and create at least two million jobs. In 2007, the government of Pakistan handed over port operations to PSA Singapore for 25 years, and gave it the status of a Tax Free Port for the following 40 years. There is also money invested into the port by the People's Republic of China. The strategic PRC plan to be engaged in many places along oil and gas roads is evident.

## Government and NGO links

- Real time News and Development, Central Asia Economy watch, Website sponsored by GDA, Pak
Saare Jahan se Achcha

**Saare Jahan se Achcha** is a poem. It was re-written in 1931. It became a symbol of resistance to the English rule of British-occupied India. The poem exists in different versions. **Saare Jahan Se Achchha** () is one of the enduring patriotic poems of the Urdu language. Written originally for children in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry by poet Muhammad Iqbal, the poem was published in the weekly journal Ittehad on 14 August 1931. Recited by Iqbal the following year at Government College, Lahore, now in Pakistan, it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the British rule in India.

**Urdu text**

**Roman Transliteration**

_sāre jahāñ se achchā hindustan  hamārā_

_ham bulbuleñ haiñ us kī vuh gulsitāñ hamārā_

_ġhurbat meñ hoñ agar ham, rahtā hai dil vat̤an meñ_

_samjho vuhīñ hameñ bhī dil ho jahāñ hamārā_

_parbat vuh sab se ūñchā, hamsāyah āsmāñ kā_

_vuh santarī hamārā, vuh pāsbāñ hamārā_

_godī meñ kheltī haiñ jis kī hazāroñ nadiyāñ_

_gulshan hai jin ke dam se rashk-e janāñ hamārā_

_ay āb-rūd-e Ganga! vuh din haiñ yād tujh ko?_

_utarā tire kināre jab kāravāñ hamārā_

_mażhab nahīñ sikhātā āpas meñ bair rakhnā_

_Hindi haiñ ham, vat̤an hai hindustāñ hamārā_

_yūnān-o-miṣr-o-rumā sab miṭ gaʾe jahāñ se_

_ab tak magar hai bāqī nām-o-nishāñ hamārā_

_kuchh bāt hai kih hastī miṭtī nahīñ hamārī_

_sadiyoñ rahā hai dushman daur-e zamāñ hamārā_

_iqbāl! koʾī maḥram apnā nahīñ jahāñ meñ_

_maʿlūm kyā kisī ko dard-e nihāñ hamārā!_

**Translation**

Better than the entire world, is our Hindustan,

We are its nightingales, and it (is) our garden abode

If we are in an alien place, the heart remains in the homeland,

Know us to be only there where our heart is.

That tallest mountain, that shade-sharer of the sky,

(It) is our sentry, (it) is our watchman

In its lap frolic those thousands of rivers,

Whose vitality makes our garden the envy of Paradise.

O the flowing waters of the Ganges, do you remember that day

When our caravan first disembarked on your waterfront?

Religion does not teach us to bear ill-will among ourselves

We are of Hind, our homeland is Hindustan.

In a world in which ancient Yunan, Misr, and Roma have all vanished without trace

Our own attributes (name and sign) live on today.

Such is our existence that it cannot be erased

Even though, for centuries, the cycle of time has been our enemy.

Iqbal! We have no confidant in this world

What does any one know of our hidden pain?
Atlantic Soccer Conference

This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the **Atlantic Soccer Conference**:
- Adelphi University
- Florida Atlantic University
- Howard University
- Longwood University
- New Jersey Institute of Technology
- Philadelphia University
United Soccer Conference

This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the **United Soccer Conference**:
- Delaware State University
- Howard University
- Longwood University
- New Jersey Institute of Technology
- South Carolina State University
- Utah Valley State College
Collegiate Water Polo Association

This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the **Collegiate Water Polo Association**:
- Brown University
- Bucknell University
- Connecticut College
- Fordham University
- Gannon University
- George Washington University
- Grove City College
- Hartwick College
- Harvard University
- Indiana University
- Iona College
- Johns Hopkins University
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Mercyhurst College
- Pennsylvania State University
- Princeton University
- Queens College of the City of New York
- Saint Francis College
- Slippery Rock University
- United States Naval Academy
- University of Maryland
- University of Michigan
- Utica College
- Washington and Jefferson College
Western Water Polo Association

This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the **Western Water Polo Association**:
- Chaminade University
- Chapman University
- Claremont McKenna College
- Colorado State University
- California State University, Bakersfield
- California State University, East Bay
- California State University, Monterey Bay
- California State University, San Bernardino
- Loyola Marymount University
- Occidental College
- Pomona College
- Santa Clara University
- Sonoma State
- University of La Verne
- University of Redlands
- University of California, Davis
- University of California, San Diego
- University of California, Santa Cruz
- United States Air Force Academy
- Whittier College
ECAC Lacrosse

**ECAC Lacrosse**, in full the ECAC Lacrosse League, was an American college sports conference that only played men's lacrosse. The conference, a member of NCAA Division I, was founded in 1999 with play beginning in 2000 (both events were in the same school year).

The conference started with six members, and grew to as many as 10 schools. In its final years, it went through many membership changes; the biggest ones were:
- The original Big East Conference added the sport for the 2010 season, leading three members to leave.
- At the same time, two other members left for the Colonial Athletic Association.
- The Great Western Lacrosse League collapsed after the 2009 season, with five of that league's six final schools joining ECAC Lacrosse.

ECAC Lacrosse disbanded after the 2014 season. This came after the Big Ten Conference, home to two of the final five members, said it would start a men's lacrosse league in the 2015 season. Two of the other three final members soon announced moves to other conferences.

### Final members

These schools were members in the league's last season of 2014. Because NCAA lacrosse is a spring sport, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.

|School|Location|Founded|Type|Nickname|Joined|Main conference|Current lacrosse conference|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|(Air Force)|Colorado Springs, Colorado|1954|Federal|Falcons|2009|Mountain West|Independent|
|Bellarmine University|Louisville, Kentucky|1950|Private|Knights|2009|GLVC (Div. II)|Southern Conference|
|Fairfield University|Fairfield, Connecticut|1942|Private|Stags|2005|MAAC|CAA|
||Ann Arbor, Michigan|1817|Public|Wolverines|2013|Big Ten|Big Ten|
|Ohio State University|Columbus, Ohio|1870|Public|Buckeyes|2009|Big Ten|Big Ten|

### Other members

These schools left ECAC Lacrosse before 2014. As in the previous table, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.

|School|Location|Founded|Type|Nickname|Joined|Left|Current lacrosse conference|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Denver, Colorado|1864|Private|Pioneers|2009|2013|Big East|
|Hobart College|Geneva, New York|1822|Private|Statesmen|2004|2013|Northeast Conference|
|Georgetown University|Washington, D.C.|1789|Private|Hoyas|1999|2010|Big East|
|Loyola University Maryland|Baltimore, Maryland|1852|Private|Greyhounds|2004|2013|Patriot League|
|(Navy)|Annapolis, Maryland|1845|Federal|Midshipmen|1999|2004|Patriot League|
|Pennsylvania State University|University Park, Pennsylvania|1855|Public/private hybrid|Nittany Lions|1999|2010|Big Ten|
|Quinnipiac University|Hamden, Connecticut|1929|Private|Bobcats|2009|2011|MAAC|
|Rutgers University|New Brunswick, New Jersey|1766|Public|Scarlet Knights|1999|2010|Big Ten|
||Jamaica, New York|1870|Private|Red Storm|2004|2010|Big East|
|Stony Brook University|Stony Brook, New Yotk|1957|Public|Seawolves|1999|2002|America East|
|(UMass)|Amherst, Massachusetts|1863|Public|Minutemen|1999|2010|CAA|
|(UMBC)|Catonsville, Maryland|1966|Public|Retrievers|1999|2003|America East|
Great Western Lacrosse League

The **Great Western Lacrosse League** was a group of colleges and universities that played men's lacrosse against one another from 1984 to 2009. The conference disbanded after Notre Dame left when its main conference, the Big East, started a men's lacrosse league. The remaining five members joined ECAC Lacrosse.

The final membership was:
- United States Air Force Academy ("Air Force")
- Bellarmine University
- University of Denver
- University of Notre Dame
- Ohio State University
- Quinnipiac University
Nightingale

The **nightingale** (_Luscinia megarhynchos_) is a small bird. It used to be put in the thrush family Turdidae. Now it is put on the Old World flycatchers, a group often called the chats or chat-thrushes. Its resemblance to thrushes is an example of convergent evolution.

It is a migratory insectivorous species. It breeds in forests and scrubs in Europe and south-west Asia. The distribution is more southerly than the very closely related thrush nightingale _Luscinia luscinia_. It nests on the ground in or next to dense bushes. It passes the winter southern Africa. Studies have shown that nightingales seem to choose places to breed that meet certain criteria (Wink 1973):
- less than 200 meters above mean sea level
- mean air temperature during the growing season above 14 °C
- more than 20 days/year on which temperatures are above 25 °C
- less than 750mm of rain per year.
- no closed canopy.

The Nightingale is slightly larger than the robin, at around 15-16.5 cm length. It is plain brown above except for the reddish tail. It is buff to white below. Sexes are similar.

Nightingales are named so because they frequently sing at night as well as during the day. The name has been used for well over 1,000 years, being highly recognizable even in its Anglo-Saxon form - 'nihtingale'. It means 'night songstress'. Early writers assumed the female sang; in fact, it is the male.

The song is loud, with an impressive range of whistles, trills and gurgles.  Its song is particularly noticeable at night because few other birds are singing.  This is why its name (in several languages) includes "night".  Only unpaired males sing regularly at night, and nocturnal song is likely to serve attracting a mate.  Singing at dawn, during the hour before sunrise, is assumed to be important in defending the bird's territory.  Nightingales sing even more loudly in urban or near-urban environments, in order to overcome the background noise.  The most characteristic feature of the song is a loud whistling crescendo, absent from the song of thrush nightingale. It has a frog-like alarm call.

## Culture

- A Provençal folk song, _The Nightingale Which Flies_, inspired Tchaikovsky when composing his _Humoresque_ opus 10-2.

## References

- Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern

- Wink, Michael (1973): Die Verbreitung der Nachtigall (_Luscinia megarhynchos_) im Rheinland. _Charadrius_ **9**(2/3): 65-80. [Article in German] PDF fulltext

## Other websites

- Internet Bird Collection: Nightingale videos. Retrieved 2006-DEC-09.

- The Freesound Project: High-quality Nightingale sound file  (requires free account to download). Retrieved 2006-DEC-09.

- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (British)- Nightingale http://www.rspb.org.uk/wildlife/birdguide/name/n/nightingale/. Retrieved 2007-JUN-11.

- Rose and nightingale in Persian art http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ho/10/wai/hod_1993.98.htm  and in Persian literature http://www.iranica.com/articles/v11f1/v11f1034.html

- Nightingale song and behavioural ecology https://camargue.unibas.ch/en/research
- Ageing and sexing (PDF) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta
We Are the Champions

"**We Are the Champions**" is a power ballad by Queen for the album _News of the World_. It was written by Freddie Mercury.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: We Are the Champions
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Queen (band), Queen
- **album**: News of the World (album), News of the World
- **b-side**: We Will Rock You
- **released**: *7 October 1977
- **recorded**: 1977
- **genre**: Arena rock
- **length**: 2:59
- **label**: EMI Records, EMI (UK)
Elektra Records, Elektra (US)
- **writer**: Freddie Mercury
- **producer**: Queen, assisted by Mike Stone (record producer), Mike "Clay" Stone
- **prev title**: Long Away
- **prev year**: 1977
- **title**: We Are the Champions
- **title2**: We Will Rock You
- **next title**: Spread Your Wings
- **next year**: 1978
British Invasion

The **British Invasion** was an event where many rock and roll, beat, and pop bands from the United Kingdom became very popular in the United States, Australia, and Canada. The term was created by the news media.

## List of Bands

(In Alphabetical Order)
- The Animals
- The Beatles
- Bee Gees
- Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas
- Chad and Jeremy
- Petula Clark
- The Dave Clark Five
- Donovan
- Freddie and the Dreamers
- Gerry and the Pacemakers
- Herman’s Hermits
- The Hollies
- The Honeycombs
- The Kinks
- Manfred Mann
- Moody Blues
- Peter and Gordon
- Rolling Stones
- The Searchers
- Spencer Davis Group
- The Tremeloes
- The Troggs
- Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders
- The Who
- The Yardbirds
- The Zombies
Donkey Kong (series)

is a video game series made by Shigeru Miyamoto and owned by Nintendo. It stars a gorilla called Donkey Kong.

## Arcade games

- Donkey Kong
- Donkey Kong Jr.
- Donkey Kong 3
- Crazy Kong
- Donkey Kong: Jungle Fever
- Donkey Kong: Banana Kingdom
Kirby (series)

is a fantasy video game series made by HAL Laboratory and Nintendo. It was created by Masahiro Sakurai. The games are about Kirby, who can fly and eat enemies. When he swallows enemies he will almost always acquire their power. In Kirby games, it's called a "Copy Ability". For now, in the whole series, 68 copy abilities have appeared.

Most of the games are platform games, but there are games of other genres.

## History

The first Kirby game was Kirby's Dream Land, made in 1992 for the Game Boy. It had a small set of levels that each introduced Kirby and the enemy characters. King Dedede was the villain fought at the end of the game.

The second Kirby game was Kirby's Adventure, made for the NES. It had many worlds, and each world had its own set of levels. Kirby's Adventure introduced Kirby's power to copy the powers of the enemies he eats. It was the first Kirby game to show Kirby in a pink color.

Kirby's Dream Land 2 brought some of Kirby's copy abilities to the Game Boy, as well as a set of worlds like in Kirby's Adventure. Kirby's Dream Land 3, made for the SNES, also used these parts of the game, in a new story. Kirby 64: The Crystal Shards let the player mix the copy abilities together to make new powers for Kirby to use.

More Kirby games were made for handheld game consoles: Kirby & the Amazing Mirror for the Game Boy Advance, and Kirby: Squeak Squad for the Nintendo DS. They gave Kirby a large set of copy abilities, like in Kirby's Adventure.

Kirby's Return to Dream Land was made in 2011 for the Wii. It showed the modern look of the characters.
Ace Attorney

***Ace Attorney***, known as  in Japan, is a video game series made by Capcom, with games released on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo 3DS. The series is a visual novel style courtroom drama where a rookie defense attorney must get their falsely accused client a not guilty verdict and find the true culprit.

## Games

The first _Ace Attorney_ game was released in Japan in 2001. The game, _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney_ was made for the Game Boy Advance. In 2005, the game was released outside of Japan for the first time. This was with a Nintendo DS version of the game. Right now, the series has six main games and five spin-off games.

## Related pages

- _Ace Attorney Investigations: Miles Edgeworth_
- _Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney_
- _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney_
- _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Justice for All_
- _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Spirit of Justice_
- _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations'_

## Other websites

- Official website of the series
- Official website of the series
- Official website for Gyakuten Kenji
- Court Records - _Ace Attorney'' fansite, with information spanning all games in the series.

## Infobox (video game series)

- **title**: Ace Attorney
- **developer**: Capcom
- **publisher**: Capcom
- **genre**: Adventure game, Adventure, visual novel
- **creator**: Shu Takumi
- **first release version**: _Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney_
- **first release date**: 12 October 2001
- **latest release version**: _Dai Gyakuten Saiban 2: Naruhodō Ryūnosuke no Kakugo_
- **latest release date**: 3 August 2017
Oruchuban Ebichu

***Oruchuban Ebichu*** (also known as ) is an anime. It was made by the Japanese animaion studio Gainax. The anime is based on the 1990 manga by Risa Itō.

In 1990 to 2007, the manga was published in the magazine Giga&chan (ギガ/Shan). It was published in the magazine ACTION PIZAZZ (アクションピザッツ) in 2007 and 2008. After 1999, The manga was published in book form. In 1999, it was shown on Television on DirecTV).

## Plot

this story is about a housekeeper hamster named Ebichu and her master, Gosujinjama,  who she calls Office Lady (OL).  The name Ebichu  comes from the Japanese beer "Yebisu".

Ebichu is a hamster. She is a faithful and very good housekeeper. She often does not have any tact. This often leads to her being abused by OL. Gosujinjama is 25 years old (29 in the manga). She has a bad temper.

### Characters

- Ebichu :  main character, housekeeper Hamster
- Goshujin-chama : (OL)  master of Ebichu
- Kaishonachi : boyfriend of Goshujin-chama
- Maa-kun : friends of Kaishonachi, Goshujin-chama
- Watanabe / Lady Hanadataki : friend of Goshujin-chama
- Mother of Goshujin-chama
- Kobayashi and Mrs. Kobayashi : new marriage couple.
- Other apartment woman
- girlfriends of Maa-kun

## Other websites

- Gainax's Ebichu website in Japanese
- Futabasha's Ebichu website
- Risa ITOU anime news & network.com

## Infobox (animanga/header)

- **name**: Oruchuban Ebichu
- **ja kanji**: おるちゅばんエビちゅ


## Infobox (animanga/print)

- **type**: manga
- **author**: Risa Itō
- **publisher**: Futabasha
- **demographic**: _Seinen manga, Seinen_
- **magazine**: Manga Action Pizazz
- **first**: 1991
- **last**: 2008
- **volumes**: 15


## Infobox (animanga/video)

- **type**: tv series
- **director**: Makoto Moriwaki
- **producer**: Yasuhiro Takeda
Kayo Nakayama
Akira Kakei
Kazuaki Morijiri
Kenjirō Kawando
Satoshi Fukuyoshi (Assistant)
- **writer**: Chinatsu Hōjō
Genki Yoshimura
- **music**: Minami Karasuyama 6th Street Production
- **studio**: Gainax
Group TAC
- **network**: DirecTV
Television Kanagawa
- **first**: August 1, 1999
- **last**: October 1, 1999
- **episodes**: 12 (24 segments)


## Infobox (animanga/footer)
Excel Saga

is a comedy manga made by Koushi Rikudou. There's also an anime.
SummerSlam (2008)

**SummerSlam** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on August 17, 2008 at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the 21st annual SummerSlam event and starred wrestlers from the Raw, SmackDown and ECW brands.

## Results

|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**#**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Matches**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Stipulations**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Times**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Dark match|The Big Show defeated Bam Neely|Singles match|11:15|||||
|1|Montel Vontavious Porter defeated Jeff Hardy|Singles match|09:12|||||
|2|Glamarella (Santino Marella and Beth Phoenix) defeated Kofi Kingston (c) and Mickie James (c)|Intergender tag team match for both the WWE Intercontinental and WWE Women's championships|05:40|||||
|3|Matt Hardy defeated Mark Henry (c) (with Tony Atlas) by disqualification|Singles match for the ECW Championship|00:33|||||
|4|CM Punk (c) defeated John "Bradshaw" Layfield|Singles match for the World Heavyweight Championship|11:12|||||
|5|Triple H (c) defeated The Great Khali|Singles match for the WWE Championship|09:18|||||
|6|Batista defeated John Cena|Singles match|13:41|||||
|7|The Undertaker defeated Edge|Hell in a Cell match|26:43|||||

## Related pages

- List of WWE pay-per-view events
- SummerSlam

## Other websites

- The official website of WWE SummerSlam 2008
- SummerSlam 2008 Microsite (Macromedia Flash Player needed)

## Infobox (wrestling event)

- **name**: SummerSlam (2008)
- **theme**: _"Ready to Roll"_ by Jet Black Stare
- **tagline**: The Biggest Blockbuster of the Summer.
- **promotion**: WWE, World Wrestling Entertainment
- **brand**: WWE Raw, Raw
WWE Friday Night SmackDown!, SmackDown!
Extreme Championship Wrestling (WWE), ECW
- **date**: August 17, 2008
- **venue**: Bankers Life Fieldhouse, Conseco Fieldhouse
- **city**: Indianapolis, Indiana
- **attendance**: 15,997
- **lastevent**: The Great American Bash (2008)
- **nextevent**: Unforgiven (2008)
- **event**: SummerSlam
- **lastevent2**: SummerSlam (2007)
- **nextevent2**: SummerSlam (2009)
HAL Laboratory

**HAL Laboratory, Inc.** is a video game developer and a second party to Nintendo. They are best known for developing the _Kirby_ series and the _Super Smash Bros._ series. They also develop the _BoxBoy!_ series.

## Infobox (company)

- **company name**: HAL Laboratory, Inc.
- **company type**: Private
- **foundation**: February 21, 1980
- **location**: Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
- **key people**: Masayoshi Tanimura

Shinya Kumazaki (developer)
Satoru Iwata (former president)
Masahiro Sakurai (former developer)
- **industry**: Video game industry
- **products**: Video games
- **num employees**: 110
- **homepage**: http://www.hallab.co.jp/
Wario Land: The Shake Dimension

***Wario Land: The Shake Dimension*** (known as ***Wario Land: Shake It!*** in North America) is a platform video game made by Good-Feel and published by Nintendo for the Wii game console.

## Gameplay

_The Shake Dimension_ is a side-scrolling platform game that uses 3D cel-shading to make it look hand-drawn. It stars Wario, and the player controls him by holding the Wii Remote like an NES controller. Wario can jump, do a shoulder bash, and at certain times, can use the Wii Remote's motion features to shake stuff or control stuff.

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Wario Land: The Shake Dimension
Wario Land: Shake It!
- **developer**: Good-feel
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **series**: _Wario (series), Wario_
- **genre**: Platformer
- **platforms**: Wii
Rosario Dawson

**Rosario Isabel Dawson** (born May 9, 1979) is an American actress. Her first movie was _Kids_ in 1995. Since then, she has become known for her roles in _Men in Black II_ (2002), _25th Hour_ (2002), _The Rundown_ (2003), _Alexander_ (2004), _Sin City_ (2005), _Death Proof_ (2007), _Eagle Eye_ (2008), _Unstoppable_ (2010), _César Chávez_ (2013), _Trance_ (2013), _The Lego Batman Movie_ (2017) and _Zombieland: Double Tap_ (2019).

She also plays Ahsoka Tano in the Disney+ _Star Wars_ series _The Mandalorian and Ahsoka_.

Dawson endorsed Barack Obama for re-election in 2012, and Bernie Sanders for the Democratic nomination in the 2016 and 2020 presidential primaries.

She dated U.S. Senator Cory Booker from 2019 until 2022. Dawson adopted a 12-year-old girl in 2014.

In February 2020, Dawson publicly came out as a member of the LGBT community.

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Rosario Dawson
- **image**: Rosario Dawson SXSW 2022.jpg
- **caption**: Dawson in 2022
- **birthname**: Rosario Isabel Dawson
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1995—present
- **occupation**: Actress
- **website**: http://www.rosario-dawson.net/
- **partner**: Cory Booker (2019–2022)
- **children**: 1