juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Asha Patil

**Asha Patil** (1936 – 18 January 2016) was an Indian actress of Marathi movies, television and theatre. She was regarded as being one of the best stage and movie actresses of her time. Asha Patil was mostly known for portraying character roles of the Marathi Mother.

### Films

- _Antaricha Diwa_ (1960)
- _Chandal Choukadi _ (1961)
- _Manasala Pankha Astat _ (1961)
- _Shahir Parshuram_ (1962)
- _Rangalya Ratri Asha _ (1962)
- _Sant Nivrutti Dnyandev  _ (1964)
- _Kamapurata Mama _ (1965)
- _Sadhi Manasa _ (1965)
- _Preeti Vivah  _ (1981)
- _Samna_ (1974)
- _Karava Tasa Bharav  _ (1975)
- _Soyarik_ (1975)
- _Tumcha Aamcha Jamala _ (1978)
- _Bot Lavin Tithe Gudgulya_ (1978)
- _Sasurwashin_ (1978)
- _Banya Bapu _ (1977)
- _Ram Ram Gangaram _ (1977)
- _Padarachya Sawalit  _ (1977)
- _Sulavarachi Poli  _ (1979)
- _Mantryachi Sun_ (1980)
- _Utavala Navara  _ (1989)
- _Gavran Gangu_ (1989)
- _Palva Palvi_ (1990)
- _Shubha Bol Narya_ (1990)
- _Maherchi Sadi_ (1991)
- _Sasarcha Dhotar_ (1994)
- _Putravati_ (1996)
- _Vajavu ka_
- _Ghe Bharari_ (2008)
- _Maherchi Pahuni_

### Theatre

- _To Mi Navhech_ (1962)
- _Ekach Pyala_ (1976)
All Night Long (1981 movie)

***All Night Long*** is a 1981 comedy movie starring Barbra Streisand, Gene Hackman, Diane Ladd, Dennis Quaid, Kevin Dobson, and William Daniels. It was written by W. D. Richter and directed by Jean-Claude Tramont.

## Box office

The movie was generally a failure. It had an opening weekend of about $1.4 million and grossed around $10 million worldwide. This is a little over $26 million in 2016 dollars. It was nominated for Worst Actress at the Golden Raspberry Awards in 1982.
Conosa

The **Conosa** is one of three subphyla in the Amoebozoa. It is subdivided into two infraphyla – the Mycetozoa and the Archamoebae.
- Mycetozoa: a group of slime moulds.
- Archamoebae: distinguishing mark: they have no mitochondria.

Conosa includes the species _Dictyostelium discoideum_ and _Entamoeba histolytica_, among others.

About 2000 species are known, and probably there are many more. Because these cells have few visible characteristics, they do look rather alike: "they exhibit few morphological traits that can be used as taxonomic characters". As their molecular biology becomes known, many species may get split.

## Related pages

- Slime mould
Infraphylum

An **infraphylum** is a rank in the Linnaean taxonomy of biological groups. Normally the ranks go phylum > class > order etc. However, sometimes extra steps are needed. If so, an infraphylum ranks immediately below a subphylum, and above a class.
Archamoebae

The **Archamoebae** are an important group of amoebae. They are unusual among protists because they have no mitochondria.

The group includes many genera which are internal parasites or commensals of animals: for example _Entamoeba_ and _Endolimax_. Some are human pathogens, causing diseases such as amoebic dysentery. Other genera of archamoebae live in freshwater habitats, and have flagella.  Most have a single nucleus and flagellum, but the giant amoeba _Pelomyxa_ has many of each.

Analysis of 100 genes shows that the Archamoebae are part of the Amoebozoa which have lost their mitochondria. They are close relatives of the slime moulds. Parasitic and commensal forms like _Entamoeba_ and _Endolimax_ developed separately from free-living ancestors.
Hardin County, Kentucky

**Hardin County** is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat is at Elizabethtown.
The county was formed in 1792.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Hardin County
- **state**: Kentucky
- **founded year**: 1792
- **seat wl**: Elizabethtown
- **largest city wl**: Elizabethtown
- **area total sq mi**: 630
- **area land sq mi**: 623
- **area water sq mi**: 6.9
- **area percentage**: 1.1%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 110702
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: www.hcky.org
- **named for**: John Hardin
- **ex image**: Hardin County Courthouse in Elizabethtown.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Hardin County courthouse in Elizabethtown
- **district**: 2nd
Cuiba language

**Cuiba** is a Guahiban language spoken in Colombia and Venezuela. There are 2,300 people who speak it in Colombia and 650 in Venezuela.  More than half of Cuiba speakers do not speak any other language. In Colombia the literacy rate among Cuiba speakers is 45%.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Cuiba
- **states**: Colombia, Venezuela
- **region**: Meta Casanare and Capanapara rivers (Colombia)
Apure Division (Venezuela)
- **date**: 2007–2008
- **ref**: e18
- **familycolor**: American
- **fam1**: Guahiban languages, Guahiban
- **iso3**: cui
- **glotto**: cuib1242
- **glottorefname**: Cuiba
- **map**: Cuiba.png
Baure language

**Bauré** is an Arawakan language native to Bolivia. The language is nearly extinct. It is spoken by only 40 of the thousand Baure people. These people live in the Beni Department northwest of Magdalena, Bolivia. Some parts of the Bible have been translated into Baure. Most Baure people now speak Spanish.

Baure has an active–stative syntax.

## Other websites

- Lenguas de Bolivia  (online edition)
- Documentation of Endangered Languages: Baure

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Bauré
- **states**: Bolivia
- **ethnicity**: 980 (2006)
- **speakers**: 40
- **date**: 2007
- **ref**: e18
- **familycolor**: American
- **fam1**: Maipurean languages, Arawakan
- **fam2**: Southern
- **fam3**: Bolivia–Parana
- **fam4**: Moxos
- **dia1**: Joaquiniano
- **iso3**: brg
- **glotto**: baur1254
- **glottorefname**: Baure-Carmelito-Joaquiniano
Wesley A. Clark

**Wesley Allison Clark** (April 27, 1927 – February 22, 2016) was an American computer designer. He created the LINC computer, which was the first mini-computer and shares with a number of other computers (such as the PDP-1) the claim to be the inspiration for the personal computer.

## Early life

Clark was born in New Haven, Connecticut. He grew up in Kinderhook, New York and northern California. He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1947 with an A.B. in Physics. Clark began his career as a physicist at the Hanford Site.

## Career

In 1981 Clark received the Eckert-Mauchly Award for his work on computer architecture. He was awarded an honorary degree by Washington University in 1984. He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1999. Clark was a charter recipient of the IEEE Computer Society Computer Pioneer Award for "First Personal Computer."

## Death

Clark died on February 22, 2016 in New York City from heart disease at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- Wesley Clark article in _Smart Computing Encyclopedia_
- Oral history interview with Wesley Clark. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.  Clark describes his research at Lincoln Laboratory and interaction with the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Topics include various custom computers built at MIT, including the LINC computer; timesharing and network research; artificial intelligence research; ARPA contracting; interaction with IPTO directors; the work of Larry Roberts at IPTO.
- Functional Description of the L1 Computer, March 1960 at bitsavers.org
- The Logical Structure of Digital Computers, October 1955  at bitsavers.org
- Multi-Sequence Program Concept, November, 1954  at bitsavers.org

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Wesley Allison Clark
- **image**: Wesley A Clark 2002.jpg
- **caption**: by Dick Lyon,  2002
- **birth place**: New Haven, Connecticut, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- **death place**: New York City, New York, United States
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **field**: Computer engineering
Internet
- **work institution**: MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Washington University
[http://clarkrockoff.com Clark, Rockoff and Associates]
- **alma mater**: UC Berkeley
- **known for**: TX-0, TX-2, LINC
- **prizes**: Eckert-Mauchly Award
Computer Pioneer Award
National Academy of Engineering member
Grant

**Grant** may refer to:

### United Kingdom

- Castle Grant, north of Grantown-on-Spey, Scotland

### United States

- Grant, Alabama
- Grant, Inyo County, California
- Grant, Sonoma County, California
- Grant, Colorado
- Grant-Valkaria, Florida
- Grant, Iowa
- Grant, Michigan
- Grant, Minnesota
- Grant, Nebraska
- Grant, Ohio, an unincorporated community
- Grant, Wisconsin (disambiguation) (six towns)
- Grant City, Indiana
- Grant City, Missouri
- Grant City, Staten Island
- Grant Lake, a lake in Minnesota
- Grant Park, Illinois
- Grant Park (Chicago)
- Grant Town, West Virginia
- Grant Township (disambiguation) (100 townships in 12 states)
- Grants, New Mexico
- U.S. Grant Bridge over Ohio River and Scioto River
- General Grant National Memorial aka Grant's Tomb

### India

- Jolly Grant Airport Dehradun, Uttarakhand

## Law and philanthropy

- Grant (law), a term in conveyancing
- Grant (money), an award usually funded by a government, business, or foundation, often with not-for-profit preconditions

## Related pages

- Grant County
Grant County

**Grant County** may refer to:

In the United States
- Grant County, Arkansas
- Grant County, Indiana
- Grant County, Kansas
- Grant County, Kentucky
- Grant County, Minnesota
- Grant County, Nebraska
- Grant County, New Mexico
- Grant County, North Dakota
- Grant County, Oklahoma
- Grant County, Oregon
- Grant County, South Dakota
- Grant County, Washington
- Grant County, West Virginia
- Grant County, Wisconsin
- Grant Parish, Louisiana
Grant County, Kentucky

**Grant County** is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,941. Its county seat is Williamstown.

## Other websites

- Historical Texts and Images of Grant County

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Grant County
- **state**: Kentucky
- **founded year**: 1820
- **seat wl**: Williamstown
- **largest city wl**: Williamstown
- **area total sq mi**: 261
- **area land sq mi**: 258
- **area water sq mi**: 2.8
- **area percentage**: 1.1%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 24941
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: grantcounty.ky.gov
- **ex image**: Grant County Courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: The Grant County historic courthouse in Williamstown
- **district**: 4th
LaRue County, Kentucky

**LaRue County** is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,867. Its county seat is Hodgenville, a city best known as the birthplace of United States President Abraham Lincoln.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: LaRue County
- **state**: Kentucky
- **founded year**: 1843
- **seat wl**: Hodgenville
- **largest city wl**: Hodgenville
- **area total sq mi**: 264
- **area land sq mi**: 262
- **area water sq mi**: 2.1
- **area percentage**: 0.8
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 14867
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: www.laruecounty.org
- **named for**: John LaRue
- **ex image**: LaRue County Courthouse 2022a.jpg
- **ex image cap**: LaRue County courthouse in Hodgenville in 2022
- **district**: 2nd
Scott County

**Scott County** is the name of eleven counties in the United States:

- Scott County, Arkansas
- Scott County, Illinois
- Scott County, Indiana
- Scott County, Iowa
- Scott County, Kansas
- Scott County, Kentucky
- Scott County, Minnesota
- Scott County, Mississippi
- Scott County, Missouri
- Scott County, Tennessee
- Scott County, Virginia
Scott County, Kentucky

**Scott County** is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,155. Its county seat is Georgetown.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Scott County
- **state**: Kentucky
- **founded year**: 1792
- **seat wl**: Georgetown
- **largest city wl**: Georgetown
- **area total sq mi**: 285
- **area land sq mi**: 282
- **area water sq mi**: 3.7
- **area percentage**: 1.3
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 57155
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: www.scottky.gov
- **named for**: General Charles Scott (governor), Charles Scott
- **ex image**: Scott county kentucky courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Scott County courthouse in Georgetown
- **district**: 6th
Scott County, Arkansas

**Scott County** is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,836. The county seat is Waldron.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Scott County
- **state**: Arkansas
- **founded year**: 1833
- **founded date**: November 5
- **seat wl**: Waldron
- **largest city wl**: Waldron
- **area total sq mi**: 898
- **area land sq mi**: 892
- **area water sq mi**: 5.8
- **area percentage**: 0.6
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 9836
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Waldron, AR 006.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Scott County Courthouse in Waldron
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Andrew Scott (judge), Andrew Scott
Sebastian County, Arkansas

**Sebastian County** is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 127,799, making it the fourth-most populous county in Arkansas. The county has two county seats, Greenwood and Fort Smith.

## Other websites

- Sebastian County Online

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Sebastian County
- **state**: Arkansas
- **founded**: January 6, 1851
- **seat**: Fort Smith, Arkansas, Fort Smith (northern district);
Greenwood, Arkansas, Greenwood (southern district)
- **largest city**: Fort Smith
- **area total sq mi**: 546
- **area land sq mi**: 532
- **area water sq mi**: 14
- **area percentage**: 2.6
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 127799
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Sebastian County Courthouse-Ft. Smith City Hall, Southeast View.JPG
- **ex image size**: 250
- **ex image cap**: The Sebastian County Courthouse in Ft. Smith
- **web**: http://www.sebastiancountyar.gov/
- **named for**: William K. Sebastian
- **time zone**: Central
Holocaust victims

During the Holocaust, at least 6,000,000 Jews were killed by Nazi Germany, other Axis powers and their local collaborators. The Jewish victims of the Holocaust were killed in Nazi extermination camps.  Many others died in camps and ghettoes from diseases, man-made starvation, and freezing to death, caused by the terrible living conditions. Others in areas that Nazi Germany took over died from famine and other causes.
Charles Schultze

**Charles Louis Schultze** (December 12, 1924 – September 27, 2016) was an American economist and public policy analyst. He served as the Chairperson of the Council of Economic Advisers during the President Carter Administration.

Schultze was appointed the assistant director of the Bureau of the Budget by President John F. Kennedy in 1962, and was the Director from 1965 until 1968 during President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society agenda.

Schultze was born in Alexandria, Virginia. He studied at Georgetown University and at the University of Maryland, College Park. He was a veteran of WWII, serving in the army in the European theater. Schultze died from complications of sepsis caused by dementia on September 27, 2016 in Washington, D.C., aged 92.

## Other websites

- Brookings scholar page
- Census Bureau biography
- Selected papers of Charles Schultze cited in the Allan H. Meltzer book A History of the Federal Reserve.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Charles Schultze
- **image**: Portrait de Charles Schultze.jpg
- **office**: 11th Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers
- **president**: Jimmy Carter
- **term start**: January 22, 1977
- **term end**: January 20, 1981
- **predecessor**: Alan Greenspan
- **successor**: Murray Weidenbaum
- **office1**: Director of the Office of Management and Budget, Bureau of the Budget
- **president1**: Lyndon B. Johnson
- **term start1**: June 1, 1965
- **term end1**: January 28, 1968
- **predecessor1**: Kermit Gordon
- **successor1**: Charles Zwick
- **birth name**: Charles Louis Schultze
- **birth place**: Alexandria, Virginia, Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Rita Schultze
- **education**:
University of Maryland, College Park
Ramón Castro Ruz

**Ramón Eusebio Castro Ruz** (October 14, 1924 – February 23, 2016) was a Cuban politician. He was the older brother of Fidel and Raúl Castro. He was a key figure of the Cuban Revolution. Castro was born in Birán, Oriente Province. After the revolution, Castro left his family farm as it became legal property of the state. He continued to dedicate himself to the study of agriculture.

Castro died on February 23, 2016 in Havana. He was aged 91.

## Other websites

- Braga, Michael. The other Castro brother  in the _Sarasota Herald-Tribune_, June 15, 2004
ThrustSSC

**ThrustSSC**, **Thrust SSC**, or **Thrust supersonic car**, is a car powered by a jet engine. It was made by Richard Noble, Glynne Bowsher, Ron Ayers and Jeremy Bliss of the United Kingdom.

Thrust SSC is the fastest land vehicle. When tested on 15 October 1997, the car traveled at 1227 kilometres per hour.
École Centrale de Nantes

**École Centrale de Nantes** (or Centrale Nantes) is a graduate engineering school in France. Its campus is in Nantes.

It awards the following degrees:
- Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Engineering
- _Diplôme d'ingénieur -_ equivalent to a Master of Science and Engineering
- Masters of Science, Technology and Health
- Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees
- Advanced Masters _(Mastères Spécialisés__)_
- PhD

Centrale Nantes is a member of the Ecoles Centrale Group, (with CentraleSupélec, Centrale Lille, Centrale Lyon, Centrale Marseille, and Centrale Beijing). The school also takes part in international networks: T.I.M.E (Top Industrial Managers for Europe), RMEI , Magalhaes, and Heritage Network. In 2014, the Alliance Centrale - Audencia - ensa Nantes was created, bringing together Centrale Nantes, Audencia Business School, and l'Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture de Nantes. As part of this alliance, the Centrale-Audencia-ensa business incubator was created.

Classes are taught in French and English languages. The school has students from over 70 nationalities.

## Admission

Admission to courses at Master's level is possible after two- or three-year scientific undergraduate studies. The main admission routes are via:
- a Bachelor degree in science (for the 2-year curriculum), or
- the French nationwide selective examination with _numerus clausus_ : concours Centrale-Supelec (for the 3-year curriculum)
- selection by a partner institution (e.g. _Top Industrial Managers for Europe_ (TIME) double degrees procedures applicable in Europe (2+2-year curriculum, including 2 years in France)

The engineering programme, which leads to the award of _diplôme d'ingénieur_, typically lasts three years. It involves work experience and time spent abroad. Students who successfully completed Master's level courses earn 300 ECTS credits in the European education system.

Students enrolled in a double degree programme spend two years at Centrale Nantes and two years in the partner institution. After these four years a double master's degree is awarded.

## Research labs

Research at Centrale Nantes is centred on three main priorities: factory of the future, energy transition and engineering for health. The main research topics are:
- Ocean engineering and MRE
- Computer science and automation
- Robotics
- Energy and engines
- Manufacturing and Additive Manufacturing
- Engineering for health
- Civil engineering and innovative concrete
- Numerical simulation and high performance computing
- Materials science and composites
- Urban environment

## More reading

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: École Centrale de Nantes
- **motto**: Shake the Future
- **established**: 1919
- **type**: Public, Graduate engineering school
- **director**: Jean-Baptise Avrillier
- **students**: 2410
- **city**: Nantes
- **affiliations**: Ecoles Centrale Group
- **website**: http://www.ec-nantes.fr
Broca's area

**Broca's area** is a region in the brain of humans and other hominids. It is in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left. It works as part of "speech production".

Language processing has been linked to Broca's area after Pierre Paul Broca. Broca did autopsies on patients who had difficuty speaking when they were alive. He found damage to a particular area of the brain.  They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus of the brain.

Since then, the region he identified has become known as Broca's area. The deficit in language production is Broca's aphasia, also called 'expressive aphasia'.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have identified activation patterns in Broca's area associated with various language tasks. However, slow destruction of the Broca's area by brain tumors can leave speech relatively intact. This suggests that, given time, its functions can shift to nearby areas in the brain.

## Related pages

- Cerebral hemisphere
- Lateralization of brain function
- Wernicke's area

## Infobox (brain)

- **name**: Broca's area
- **image**: Broca’s area - BA44 and BA45.png
- **caption**: Broca's area is made up of Brodmann area 44, Brodmann areas 44 (pars opercularis) and Brodmann area 45, 45 (pars triangularis)
- **image2**: Broca's area - lateral view.png
- **caption2**: Broca's area (shown in red)
- **ispartof**: Frontal lobe
- **artery**: Middle cerebral artery, Middle cerebral
- **vein**: Superior sagittal sinus
Star City

**Star City** may refer to:

## Places

- Canada
- Star City, Saskatchewan

- Russia
- Star City, Russia

- United States
- Star City, Arkansas
- Star City, Illinois
- Star City, Indiana
- Star City, Michigan
- Star City, Nevada
- Star City, West Virginia
- Lafayette, Indiana, nicknamed _Star City_
- Lincoln, Nebraska, nicknamed _Star City_
- Roanoke, Virginia, nicknamed the _Star City of the South_

## Entertainment

- Star City (amusement park), a theme park in Manila, Philippines
- Star City (entertainment complex), an entertainment venue in Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Star City (shopping mall), a shopping complex in Seoul, South Korea
- The Star (casino), a casino in Sydney, formerly known as Star City

## Others

- Star City (comics), a fictional city
Antbird

The **antbirds** are a large passerine bird family, the **Thamnophilidae**. They are found in subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 200 species called antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire-eyes, bare-eyes and bushbirds.

They are related to the antthrushes and antpittas (family Formicariidae), the tapaculos, the gnateaters and the ovenbirds. Despite some species' common names, this family is not closely related to the wrens, vireos or shrikes.

Antbirds are generally small birds with rounded wings and strong legs. They have mostly dull grey, white, brown and rufous plumage. The two sexes have somewhat different pattern and colouring. Some species communicate warnings to rivals by exposing white feather patches on their backs or shoulders. Most have heavy bills, which in many species are hooked at the tip.

Most species live in forests, although a few are found in other habitats. They eat mostly insects and other arthropods. Small vertebrates are occasionally taken. Most species feed in the understory and midstory of the forest, although a few feed in the canopy and a few on the ground.

About eighteen species specialise in following columns of army ants to eat the small invertebrates flushed out by the ants.

Antbirds are monogamous, mate for life, and defend territories. They usually lay two eggs in a nest.  Both parents share the tasks of incubating eggs  and raising the nestlings. After fledging, each parent cares exclusively for one chick.

Thirty-eight species are threatened with extinction as a result of human activities. The main threat is habitat loss, which lets predators get at their nests more easily.
Fort-de-Joux

The **Fort de Joux** (or **Château de Joux**) is a castle, transformed into a fort, in France. It is located in La Cluse-et-Mijoux in the Doubs department in the Jura mountains.
Wernicke's area

**Wernicke's area** is an area of the brain. It is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech (the other is Broca's area). It is involved in the production of written and spoken language.

It is in Brodmann area 22, in the dominant cerebral hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is the left in about 95% of right handed individuals, and 60% of left handed individuals.

As with Broca's area, Wernicke's area was discovered by autopsies of patients who had speech difficulties. Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist, had a patient who could speak quite well, but was unable to understand the speech of others.  After the patient's death, Wernicke found damage to an area at the upper portion of the temporal lobe, just behind the auditory cortex. He thought, correctly, that this area was responsible for speech comprehension. This kind of aphasia is known as Wernicke's aphasia, or receptive aphasia.

- "When you ask a person with this problem a question, they will respond with a sentence that is more or less grammatical, but which contains words that have little to do with the question or, for that matter, with each other. Strange, meaningless, but grammatical sentences come forth, a phenomenon called "word salad".
Like Broca's area is not just about speech production, Wernicke's is not just about speech comprehension. People with Wernicke's aphasia also have difficulty naming things, often responding with words that sound similar, or the names of related things, as if they are having a very hard time with their mental dictionaries".

Despite the fact that Broca's and Wernicke's areas are in different lobes, they are quite near each other. They are connected by a tract of nerves called the _arcuate fascilicus_, and by another recently discovered tract.

## Infobox (brain)

- **name**: Wernicke's area
- **image**: Brain - Broca's and Wernicke's area Diagram.svg
- **caption**: Approximate location of Wernicke's area highlighted in grey
Monoid

In abstract algebra, a **monoid** is a set of elements
along with an operation that has two key properties:

1. The operation can combine the elements associatively; e.g.
1. There exists an identity element; e.g. , or

The operation need not have the commutative property.

In computing science common monoids include addition, multiplication, or, and. These properties are useful for various problems e.g. they allow a large set of data to be divided, processed in parallel and combined. As each part produces a monoid, the final combined result will be the same. This also works with more complex monoids, such as a map from words to the number of times they appear in a document.

Character strings also form a monoid over concatenation with the empty string "" as the identity element. Examples of the two properties are "abc" + ("def" + "ghi") = ("abc" + "def") + "ghi" and "abc" + "" = ""+ "abc" = "abc".  This is true even though "abc" + "def" ≠ "def" + "abc".
Peter Lustig

**Peter Fritz Willi Lustig** (October 27, 1937 – February 23, 2016) was a German television presenter and author of children's books. He was known as leading actor in the weekly children's television show _Löwenzahn_. He hosted the show from 1979 up until 2006; during its first year the show was still called _Pusteblume_). He also appeared on the shows _Mittendrin_ (1987–1995) and _Gordos Reise ans Ende der Welt_ (2007).

Lustig died on February 23, 2016 at his home in Bohmstedt, Germany. He died from stomach cancer. He was aged 78. He was surrounded by his family. He is survived by four children and nine grandchildren.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Peter Lustig.jpg
- **caption**: Peter Lustig (October 2009)
- **birth name**: Peter Fritz Willi Lustig
- **birth place**: Breslau, Germany
- **death place**: Bohmstedt, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Ryszard Bender

**Ryszard Janusz Bender** (February 16, 1932 – February 24, 2016) was a Polish politician and historian. He was a specialist on the history of the January Uprising. He was professor of History at John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin.

## Life

From 1976 to 1980 and 1985 to 1989, he was a deputy of the Sejm. In 2007, he was elected as a member in the Senate of Poland from the Law and Justice party. He retired from the senate in 2011.

Bender was accused of antisemitism and Holocaust denial after he said that Auschwitz was "not a death camp" but a "labour camp". He later said his remarks were taken out of context. He has also spoken out in defense of Dariusz Ratajczak.

### Death

Bender died of a stroke on February 24, 2016 in Lublin, Poland. He was aged 84.

## Other websites

- Official website of Ryszard Bender

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ryszard Bender
- **image**: Ryszard Bender VII kadencja Kancelaria Senatu.JPG
- **alt**: Ryszard Bender
- **caption**: Ryszard Bender official portrait, November 2007
- **occupation**: Polish historian and politician
- **birth name**: Ryszard Janusz Bender
- **birth place**: Łomża, Poland
- **death place**: Lublin, Poland
Carlo Biotti

**Carlo Biotti** (1901 – 10 December 1977) was an Italian judge. He became the President of the Court of Milan. His forced removal from the case brought by the widow of Giuseppe Pinelli against the police commissioner Luigi Calabresi in 1971 became a _cause célèbre_.

Biotti was the leading judge in the case brought by the widow of Giuseppe Pinelli against the police commissioner Luigi Calabresi. Calabresi had led the investigation into the Piazza Fontana bombing. Pinelli died in mysterious circumstances during a police interrogation after the bombing. On 27 May 1971, Biotti was removed at the request of Calabresi's lawyer. The lawyer claimed that in a private conversation Biotti had admitted that for career reasons he had already formed an opinion on the case. It was a claim that Biotti vehemently denied.  Neither Biotti nor his two fellow judges were convinced that Pinelli had died from falling from the police station window. His forced removal prevented the exhumation of Pinelli's body, and delayed the investigation for two years.

Biotti fought for years to clear his name and in November 1974 was completely exonerated by the Court of Florence. He died three years later at the age of 76. In the 2012 film _Piazza Fontana: The Italian Conspiracy_, the character of Carlo Biotti is played by Bob Marchese.

From 1964 Biotti was also a director of A.C. Milan He had two sons, Fausto Biotti, a notary, and Johnny Biotti; the grandson is Paolo Biotti, a lawyer active in associations.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Carlo Biotti
- **birth date**: 1901
- **death date**: 10 December 1977
- **death place**: Milan
- **nationality**: Italian
- **occupation**: magistrate
Robert J. Walker (sailor)

**Robert J. Walker** (known as **Bob Walker**; February 2, 1929 – February 15, 2016) was an American sailor. He was the third Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy.  On September 26, 1975, Walker was sworn in as the third Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy.  Walker was a much more conservative, traditional MCPON than his predecessor, John Whittet. He retired in the 1980s.

Walker was born in Baldwin, New York. He attended a grammar and high school in Oxford, New York. Walker died of complications from pneumonia in Norfolk, Virginia. He was aged 87.

## Other websites

- Extensive bio at quarterdeck.org
- Three Stars and a Crow
John Reinhardt

**John Edward Reinhardt** (March 8, 1920 – February 18, 2016) was an American diplomat. He was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. He was the United States' ambassador to Nigeria from 1971 to 1975. This made him one of the first black ambassadors. From 1975 to 1977, he was Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs. He became the director of the United States Information Agency from 1977 to 1980.

Reinhardt died in Silver Spring, Maryland from a stroke. He was aged 95.
Casas de Don Pedro

**Casas de Don Pedro** is a municipality in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It has a population of 1559.
Fayette, Maine

**Fayette** is a town of Maine in the United States. It is in Kennebec County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fayette, Maine
- **settlement type**: New England town, Town
- **image map**: Kennebec County Maine incorporated and unincorporated areas Fayette highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 300px
- **map caption**: Location in Kennebec County, Maine, Kennebec County and the state of Maine
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Maine, County
- **subdivision name1**: Maine
- **subdivision name2**: Kennebec County, Maine, Kennebec
- **parts type**: Villages
- **parts**: Fayette
North Fayette
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: February 28, 1795
- **leader title**: Town Manager
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 81.61
- **area total sq mi**: 31.51
- **area land km2**: 75.55
- **area land sq mi**: 29.17
- **area water km2**: 6.06
- **area water sq mi**: 2.34
- **elevation m**: 139
- **elevation ft**: 456
- **population total**: 1160
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 15.4
- **area code**: Area code 207, 207
- **website**: [http://www.fayettemaine.org/ fayettemaine.org]
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 23-24950
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0582475
Casas de Reina

**Casas de Reina** is a municipality in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It has a population of 199.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Casas de Reina
- **image flag**: Bandera de Casas de Reina.svg
- **pushpin map**: Spain Extremadura
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Casas de Reina within Extremadura
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Spain
- **subdivision type1**: Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous community
- **subdivision name1**: Extremadura
- **subdivision type2**: Provinces of Spain, Province
- **subdivision name2**: Badajoz (province), Badajoz
- **subdivision type3**: List of municipalities in Badajoz, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Casas de Reina
- **area total km2**: 50
- **elevation m**: 635
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **website**: http://www.casasdereina.com Ayuntamiento de Casas de Reina
Casas de Don Antonio

**Casas de Don Antonio** is a municipality in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It has a population of 204.
Mathematical logic

**Mathematical logic** is a field of mathematics that tries to formalize logic so that it can be used for mathematics more easily. Logic is about reasoning, and mathematical logic shows this with symbols. Most of mathematical logic was developed in the 19th and 20th century.

This field can be said to have four main sub-fields:
1. set theory
1. the study of mathematical proofs
1. the study of recursion, and
1. model theory

## Related pages

- Analytic philosophy
- Philosophy of mathematics
- Propositional logic
Greater bird-of-paradise

The **greater bird-of-paradise** (_Paradisaea apoda_) is a bird-of-paradise in the genus _Paradisaea_.

Carolus Linnaeus named the species _Paradisaea apoda_, or "legless bird-of-paradise". Apparently, early trade-skins to reach Europe were prepared without wings or feet by natives. This led to the stary that these birds were beautiful visitors from paradise kept aloft by their plumes and never touched the earth until death. The relevant point is that they were killed and traded for their feathers.

## Description

The greater bird-of-paradise is the largest member in its genus. Males measuring up to  (excluding the long twin tail wires). The female is smaller, at only .

The plumage of this species is also sexually dimorphic. The male has an iridescent green face and a yellow with silver crown, head and nape. The rest of the body plumage is maroon-brown. The flank plumes, used in displays, are yellow at the base, turning white and streaked with maroon.

The female has unbarred maroon brown plumage. In both sexes the iris is yellow and the bills blue.
Progressive National Baptist Convention

The **Progressive National Baptist Convention, Incorporated** (**PNBC**) is a group of African-American Baptists that supports civil rights and social justice. Since it started, the Convention now has member congregations outside of the United States, particularly in the Caribbean and Europe.
Ninth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Ratified on December 15, 1791, the **Ninth Amendment** (**Amendment IX**) to the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights. James Madison wanted to make sure that the Bill of Rights was not seen as granting only those rights that it listed. It is one of the least referred to amendments by the Supreme Court. The Ninth Amendment, when mentioned, usually plays a secondary role in supporting a new right. One of the few that depends on the Ninth Amendment is the constitutional right to privacy. What the Ninth Amendment means, simply put, is that the people of the United States have other rights besides those listed in the Constitution.

## Rights retained by the people

In 1787, at the Constitutional Convention, the new Constitution had to be ratified by nine of the thirteen states. Any states that did not ratify the Constitution would not be a part of the United States. Many people opposed the creation of a national government that would have power over the state governments. They were called Anti-Federalists. They believed each state should be a sovereign country. The Federalists wanted a strong central government. In order to pass the Constitution and begin a new form of government a compromise was reached. Leading Federalists such as Patrick Henry and George Mason suggesting adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution in the form of amendments. On September 25, 1789, Congress approved twelve articles of amendment to the Constitution and submitted them to the states for ratification. On December 15, 1791, the states ratified ten of the amendments which became the Bill of Rights.

Originally the framers of the Bill of Rights wanted to make clear that these rights were not taken to increase the powers of the national government. They were also not intended to guarantee additional rights of the people. The modern interpretation, however, is that the people have rights not listed in the Bill of Rights.
François Dupeyron

**François Dupeyron** (14 August 195025 February 2016) was a French movie director and screenwriter. He directed 17 movies since his career began in 1977. His movie _La Chambre des officiers_ was entered into the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. He was born in Tartas, Landes, France.

Dupeyron died in Paris from a heart attack on 25 February 2016. He was aged 65.
Peter Kenilorea

Sir **Peter Kenilorea** KBE  (23 May 1943 – 24 February 2016) was a Solomon Islander politician, officially styled **The Rt Hon. Sir Peter Kenilorea** as a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. He served as the Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands from 1978 to 1981 and again from 1984 to 1986.

Kenilorea died in Honiara on 24 February 2016. He was aged 72.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: Peter Kenilorea
- **honorific-suffix**: Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire, KBE
- **imagesize**: 280px
- **office1**: Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
- **monarch1**: Elizabeth II
- **term start1**: 19 November 1984
- **term end1**: 1 December 1986
- **predecessor1**: Solomon Mamaloni
- **successor1**: Ezekiel Alebua
- **monarch2**: Elizabeth II
- **term start2**: 7 July 1978
- **term end2**: 31 August 1981
- **predecessor2**: Position Established
- **successor2**: Solomon Mamaloni
- **birth place**: Malaita, Solomon Islands
- **death place**: Honiara, Solomon Islands,
- **party**: Solomon Islands United Party
Rafael Iriondo

**Rafael Iriondo Aurtenechea** (24 October 1918 – 24 February 2016) was a Spanish football player and manager. He played as a forward. He won a total of 286 games and scored over 88 goals over the course of 15 seasons. He played for Athletic Bilbao and Real Sociedad. He became a manager, working for nearly 30 years and being in charge of both clubs.

## Early life

Iriondo was born in Guernica, Spain.

## Career

Iriondo began his career in 1939 with the football team Atlético Tetuán.

After 328 official games for Athletic with 115 goals, Iriondo moved to another team in the region, Barakaldo CF, in 1953. After a couple of months, however, he returned to the top division and joined Real Sociedad. He retired shortly after the end of the 1954–55 season.

Iriondo started coaching quickly after retiring, with modest SD Indautxu in the second division. He continued in his native Basque Country in the following years, with Deportivo Alavés and Barakaldo.

Iriondo retired in 1982 after coaching Real Betis.

## Death

Iriondo died on 24 February 2016 in Bilbao, Spain from respiratory failure. He was aged 97.

## Other websites

- National team data
- Spain stats at Eu-Football

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Rafael Iriondo
- **fullname**: Rafael Iriondo Aurtenechea
- **birth place**: Guernica, Spain
- **death place**: Bilbao, Spain
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthclubs1**: Gernika Club, Gernika
- **years1**: 1939–1940
- **years2**: 1940–1953
- **years3**: 1953
- **years4**: 1953–1955
- **years5**: 1955
- **clubs1**: Atlético Tetuán
- **clubs2**: Athletic Bilbao
- **clubs3**: Barakaldo CF, Barakaldo
- **clubs4**: Real Sociedad
- **clubs5**: SD Indautxu, Indautxu
- **caps2**: 258
- **caps3**: 3
- **caps4**: 28
- **caps5**: 1
- **totalcaps**: 290
- **goals2**: 79
- **goals3**: 1
- **goals4**: 9
- **goals5**: 0
- **totalgoals**: 89
- **nationalyears1**: 1946–1947
- **nationalteam1**: Spain national football team, Spain
- **nationalcaps1**: 2
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
- **manageryears1**: 1955–1956
- **manageryears2**: 1958–1959
- **manageryears3**: 1961–1962
- **manageryears4**: 1968–1969
- **manageryears5**: 1970
- **manageryears6**: 1971–1972
- **manageryears7**: 1972–1974
- **manageryears8**: 1974–1976
- **manageryears9**: 1976–1978
- **manageryears10**: 1980
- **manageryears11**: 1981–1982
- **managerclubs1**: SD Indautxu, Indautxu
- **managerclubs2**: Deportivo Alavés, Alavés
- **managerclubs3**: Barakaldo CF, Barakaldo
- **managerclubs4**: Athletic Bilbao
- **managerclubs5**: RCD Espanyol, Español
- **managerclubs6**: Real Zaragoza, Zaragoza
- **managerclubs7**: Real Sociedad
- **managerclubs8**: Athletic Bilbao
- **managerclubs9**: Real Betis, Betis
- **managerclubs10**: Rayo Vallecano
- **managerclubs11**: Real Betis, Betis
Peter van der Merwe

**Peter van de Merwe** (13 January 1942 – 24 February 2016) was a Dutch football player. He played as a goalkeeper. Van de Merwe played his entire career for hometown club NAC Breda from 1959 to 1970. Van der Merwe played his final league game against AZ'67 in October 1970. He retired when he was 29 after persisting injury worries. He had played 257 matches for NAC. He was later diagnosed with rheumatics and had to live with a wheelchair. He played his first game for the Netherlands in a May 1962 friendly match against Northern Ireland.

Van de Merwe died in Sint Willebrord, Netherlands on 24 February 2016 from mesothelioma. He was aged 74.

## Other websites

- EU-Football

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Peter van de Merwe
- **image**: Peter van de Merwe (1967).jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Van de Merwe in 1967
- **fullname**: Petrus van de Merwe
- **birth place**: Breda, Netherlands
- **death place**: Sint Willebrord, Netherlands
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **years1**: 1959–1970
- **clubs1**: NAC Breda, NAC
- **caps1**: 218
- **goals1**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1962
- **nationalteam1**: Netherlands national football team, Netherlands
- **nationalcaps1**: 5
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Root server

A **root server** is a special server in the domain name system that tells a computer what name servers to use for a single top level domain like _.com_ or _.net_. There are 13 root servers that are in use. They use the letters A through M.

A root server is used when a computer tries to look up a domain. For example, if a person types _www.google.com_ into a web browser, their computer will ask their ISP what the IP address for _www.google.com_ is. If the ISP's DNS server does not know (does not have it cached), it will ask a root server which DNS server can tell it the address. The ISP's root server will then get the address from the DNS server that the root server tells it to.

## History

In 1981, the idea of a domain name system was made as part of RFC 799. RFC 819, RFC 882, and RFC 883 said how DNS was supposed to work and made it easier to understand. In 1984, RFC 920 was the first RFC to say what the top level domains would be for the new DNS. In 1985, the first domain name was made and "modern" DNS began.
Günter Schröter

**Günter Schröter** (May 3, 1927 – February 10, 2016) was a German football player and coach. He appeared in 39 matches for East Germany between 1952 and 1962. He also played for SG Dynamo Dresden from 1950 to 1954 and for SC Dynamo Berlin from 1954 to 1963. He managed Berliner FC Dynamo from 1972 to 1973. He was born in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany.

Schröter died on February 10, 2016 at a hospital in Berlin. It was caused by complications from Parkinson's disease. He was 88 years old.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **image**: File:Schroeter-Konzack-1957.gif
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Schröter (left) in 1957
- **birth place**: Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg, Free State of Prussia, Weimar Republic, Germany
- **death place**: Berlin, Germany
- **position**: Forward (football), Forward
- **youthyears1**: 1937–1944
- **youthclubs1**: Brandenburger SC Süd, Brandenburger BC
- **years1**: 1948–1949
- **clubs1**: Brandenburger SC Süd 05, BSG Konsum Brandenburg
- **years2**: 1949–1950
- **clubs2**: SG Volkspolizei Potsdam, SV Deutsche Volkspolizei Potsdam
- **years3**: 1950–1954
- **clubs3**: SG Dynamo Dresden
- **years4**: 1954–1963
- **clubs4**: BFC Dynamo, SC Dynamo Berlin
- **caps4**: 192
- **goals4**: 68
- **totalcaps**: 335
- **totalgoals**: 154
- **nationalyears1**: 1952–1962
- **nationalteam1**: East Germany national football team, East Germany
- **nationalcaps1**: 39
- **nationalgoals1**: 13
- **manageryears1**: 1972–1973
- **managerclubs1**: BFC Dynamo
Martin Sherman (actor)

**Martin T. Sherman** (born November 28, 1966) is an American actor, voice actor, voice director and writer who has starred in various movies and television shows as well as providing the voice for several video games. One of his most well-known roles was as Pac-Man in _Pac-Man World 3_. He also voiced Thomas the Tank Engine from 2009 to 2015 in the British children's television series _Thomas & Friends_. He also appeared on _Doctor Who_. Sherman lives in the United Kingdom.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Martin Sherman
- **birth name**: Martin T. Sherman
- **birth place**: Evanston, Illinois, USA
- **occupation**: Actor, voice actor, voice director, writer
- **known for**: Thomas the Tank Engine, Thomas and Percy the Small Engine, Percy in _Thomas & Friends_
Pac-Man (character), Pac-Man in _Pac-Man World 3_
- **notable works**: _Thomas & Friends_
_Pac-Man World 3_
- **years active**: 1995–present