United States Minor Outlying Islands

The **United States Minor Outlying Islands** are nine island territories of the United States. They are Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean; and Navassa Island in the Caribbean Sea. The islands are grouped together for statistical reasons. They are not administered together.

As of 2008, none of the islands have any people living there permanently. The only human population consists of temporary scientific and military personnel.  The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island. There has been no modern indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. In 1936, a colonization scheme began to settle Americans on Baker, Howland and Jarvis, but all three islands were evacuated in 1942 because of World War II.

The islands are all together represented by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code UM. The ISO introduced the term "United States Minor Outlying Islands" in 1986. From 1974 until 1986, five of the islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef) were grouped under the term "United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands", with ISO 3166 code PU. The code of Midway Atoll was MI, the code of Johnston Atoll was JT, and the code of Wake Island was WK. The Pacific islands are surrounded by large Exclusive Economic Zones.

## Airports

The following is a list of island airports with ICAO (IATA) codes:
- PJON (JON): Johnston Atoll Airport, Johnston Atoll
- PMDY (MDY): Henderson Field (Midway Atoll), (Naval Air Facility), Sand Island
- PWAK (AWK): Wake Island Airfield, Wake Island
- PLPA: Palmyra (Cooper) Airport, Palmyra Atoll, Cooper Island
- PBAR: Baker Island Airport, Baker Island
- PLUR: Jarvis Airport, Jarvis Island

## Ports

Three of the islands have ports listed in the World Port Index, with World Port Number:
- 56325 JOHNSTON ATOLL: Johnston Atoll
- 56328 MIDWAY ISLAND: Midway Atoll
- 56330 WAKE ISLAND: Wake Island
- not listed WEST LAGOON: Palmyra Atoll

Baker Island, Howland Island and Jarvis Island have a small boat landing place on each. Kingman Reef and Navassa Island have offshore anchorage only.

## Islands

|Atoll/Island|Island Area km² !!style="background: #DDD"| Lagoon km² !!style="background: #DDD"| Coordinates !!style="background: #DDD"| NWR Established !!style="background: #DDD"| Date of Acquisition|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="9" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Northern Pacific Ocean, scattered isolated islands**|||||
|Wake Island<sup>A</sup>|7.4|6||2009 January 6|1899 January 17|
|Johnston Atoll<sup>B</sup>|2.52|130||1926 July 29|1859 September 6|
|colspan="9" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Northern Pacific Ocean, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands**|||||
|Midway Atoll|5.18|40||1996 November 1|1867 August 28|
|colspan="6" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Line Islands**|||||
|Kingman Reef|0.01|76||2001 January 18|1860 February 8|
|Palmyra Atoll<sup>B</sup>|6.56|15||2001 January 18|1912 February 21|
|colspan="9" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Central Pacific Ocean, Central Line Islands**|||||
|Jarvis Island|4.45|-||1974 June 27|1856 October 28|
|colspan="9" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Phoenix Islands**|||||
|Baker Island|1.24|-||1974  June 27|1856 October 28|
|Howland Island|1.62|-||1974 June 27|1856 October 28|
|colspan="9" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|**Caribbean Sea**|||||
|Navassa Island<sup>C</sup>|5.2|-||1999 December 3|1858 October 31|
|Bajo Nuevo Bank<sup>D</sup>|0.02|155||N/A|1869 November 22|
|Serranilla Bank<sup>D</sup>|0.02|1200||N/A|1879 September 8 1880 September 13|
|_'U.S. Minor Outlying Islands_|34.2|267||||
|colspan="9" style="background:#fffff; text-align:left;"|<sup>A</sup> Claimed by the Marshall Islands <sup>B</sup> Previously claimed by Hawaii when independent. Palmyra was officially part of Hawaii until 1959. <sup>C</sup> Claimed by Haiti <sup>D</sup> These islands are controlled by Colombia, and are not included in the ISO list of territories. Their areas are not included in the totals.|||||

## Other websites

- WorldStatesmen- U.S.
- Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
- CIA World Factbook: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges
- Historical Population figures
- dates of acquisition

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: United States Minor Outlying Islands
- **common name**: United States Minor Outlying Islands
- **image flag**: Flag of the United States.svg
- **image map**: United States Minor Outlying Islands.png
- **national anthem**: _The Star-Spangled Banner_
- **official languages**: English language, English
- **admin center**: Washington, D.C.
- **largest settlement type**: village
- **largest settlement**: Wake Island
- **leader title1**: President of the United States, President
- **leader title2**: Governor
- **leader name2**: _none_
- **leader title3**: Lieutenant Governor
- **leader name3**: _none_
- **area rank**: 190th
- **area km2**: 34.2
- **area sq mi**: 13.2
- **percent water**: 88.6
- **population estimate**: 300
- **population estimate rank**: 232nd
- **population estimate year**: 2009
- **population census**: 316
- **population census year**: 2000
- **gdp ppp**: n/a
- **gdp ppp rank**: n/a
- **gdp ppp per capita**: $46,381<sup>a</sup>
- **gdp ppp per capita rank**: 6th
- **currency**: United States dollar
- **currency code**: USD
- **cctld**: .us<sup>b</sup>
- **footnote a**: 2000 estimate.
- **footnote b**: .um was retired in 2008.