juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
1255

#### Western Europe

- August – The final Cathar stronghold in southern France falls, eliminating the last refuge of the heretical Cathars after the Roman Catholic Church engaged in a program to crush the sect, starting in 1209 with the Albigensian Crusade.
- The death of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln prompts persecution of Jews in England on accusations of blood libel.
- Lisbon becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Portugal.
- The Gothic cathedral at Bourges, France, is completed. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- A survey of royal privileges is conducted, which is included in the Hundred Rolls, an English census seen as a follow up to the Domesday Book completed in 1086; the Hundred Rolls is later completed with two larger surveys in 1274/1275 and 1279/1280.

#### Central and Eastern Europe

- May – William of Rubruck from Constantinople returns to Cyprus from his missionary journey to convert the Tatars of central and eastern Asia, his efforts having been unsuccessful.
- Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) is founded in Prussia.
- Theodore II Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), conducts a military campaign to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians. He concludes the task successfully a year later in 1256.
- The Duchy of Bavaria is split into Upper and Lower Bavaria
- The German state of Nassau is divided, not to be reunited until 1806.
- King Béla IV of Hungary grants Banská Bystrica municipal rights of a royal town.

### Asia

- Hulagu Khan is dispatched by his brother Möngke Khan to destroy the remaining Muslim states in southwestern Asia.

## Births

- Albert I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1308)
- William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros, claimant to the crown of Scotland (died 1317)
- Duccio di Buoninsegna, Sienese painter (died 1319)
- Grand Prince Andrey of Gorodets (approximate date; died 1304)
- Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, King of the Romans (approximate date; died 1298)

## Deaths

- May 1 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
- Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (born 1247)
- Jarler, Archbishop of Sweden
- Sundiata Keita, semi-historical hero and founder of the Mali Empire. (approximate date; born c. 1190)
- Batu Khan, Mongol ruler and founder of the Blue Horde.
Glen Phillips

**Glen Phillips** (born December 29, 1970) is an American songwriter, singer and guitarist. He is best known as the singer and songwriter of 1990s alternative rock group Toad the Wet Sprocket.

### Studio albums

- _Abulum_ (2000)
- _Winter Pays For Summer_ (2005)
- _Mr. Lemons_ (2006)

### Live albums/EPs

- _Live at Largo_ (2003)
- _Unlucky 7_ (2006)

## Other websites

- Glen Phillips  The official site with news, tour dates and a message board.
- Glen's MySpace site   Glen's MySpace site with blog and information on any upcoming tour dates.
- ComeBackDownload.com
- Unofficial Glen Phillips FAQ
- Phillips on Archive.org
- PopGurls 20 Questions with Glen Phillips .
- Interview with Glen Phillips on The BackStage Pass Internet Radio Show
- Glen Phillips JBTV interview on XNDTV.com
- glenphillips.net

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Glen Phillips
- **img**: Glen1.jpg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Santa Barbara, California, United States, U.S.
- **instrument**: Singer, Vocals, guitar
- **genre**: Alternative rock, rock music, rock, folk rock
- **years active**: 1986–present
- **label**: Umami Records, Umami
- **associated acts**: Toad the Wet Sprocket
- **url**: [http://www.glenphillips.com/ GlenPhillips.com]
Jon Brion

**Jon Brion** (born December 11, 1963) is an American rock and pop multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, composer and record producer. He was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey. His mother was a jazz singer, his father a band director at Yale, his brother is an arranger and sister a violinist.

## The Bats

Brion and Bill Murphy began writing together in New Haven, Connecticut. They recorded some demo tracks in makeshift apartment studios, and worked out their arrangements at Yale University Campus. They enlisted the talents of bassist Don "Riff" Fertman to form **The Bats** (unlike the New Zealand band of the same name). In 1982, the trio created an imaginative set of pop songs in a small studio in Connecticut. A single called "Popgun" followed by an LP entitled _How Pop Can You Get?_ were released on the independent label Gustav. The album failed to chart, and the group was disbanded.

### Studio albums

- _How Pop Can You Get?_ (with The Bats, 1982)
- _Ro Sham Bo_ (with The Grays, 1994)
- _Meaningless_ (solo, 2001)

### Film scores

- _Hard Eight_ (with Michael Penn) (1996)
- _Magnolia_ (1999)
- _Punch-Drunk Love_ (2002)
- _Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind_ (2003)
- _I ♥ Huckabees_ (2004)
- _The Break-Up_ (2006)

### As producer

- Aimee Mann, _Whatever_, (1993)
- Aimee Mann, _I'm with Stupid_, (1995)
- Rufus Wainwright, _Rufus Wainwright_, (1998)
- Eleni Mandell, _Wishbone_, (1998)
- Robyn Hitchcock, _Jewels for Sophia_, (1998)
- Robyn Hitchcock, _A Star for Bram_, (1999)
- Fiona Apple, _When the Pawn..._, (1999)
- The Crystal Method - "Bad Stone" (1997), "Over the Line" (2001), "Realizer" (2004)
- Elliott Smith, _From a Basement on a Hill_, (unreleased version, recorded 2001)
- Brad Mehldau, _Largo_, (2002)
- Rhett Miller, _The Instigator_, (2002)
- Evan Dando, _Baby I'm Bored_, (2003)
- Fiona Apple, _Extraordinary Machine_, (unreleased version, recorded 2002-2003)
- Kanye West, _Late Registration_ (as co-executive producer and co-producer on several tracks), (2005)
- Marjorie Fair, _Self Help Serenade_ (as co-executive producer), (2005)
- Kanye West, _Graduation_ (as co-producer), (2007)
- Spoon (band), "The Underdog," ''Ga Ga Ga Ga Ga, (2007)

## Other websites

- Jon Brion Unofficial site
- Jon Brion's Official Website
Bruce Molsky

**Bruce Molsky** (born in Manhattan, New York in 1955) is an American fiddler, banjo player, guitarist, and singer. He teaches the fiddle at the Berklee College of Music in Boston, as part of its American Roots program. He has been nominated for two Grammy Awards.

He has made several recordings, including:
- _If It Ain't Here When I Get Back_ (2013)
- _1865 - Songs of Hope and Home from the American Civil War_
- _Meeting Point Bruce Molsky, Aly Bain & Ale Möller: Live at The Liverpool Philharmonic_ (2012)
- _Soon Be Time_
- _The Hell Benders_
- _Warring Cats_
- _Fiddlers 4_

## Other websites

- Bruce Molsky official site
Elliott Smith

**Steven Paul "Elliott" Smith** (August 6, 1969 – October 21, 2003) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He grew up in Duncanville, Texas. He died of stab wounds to his chest in 2003 when he was 34 years old. It is not known if it was suicide or murder. At the time of his death, Smith had been making his sixth album _From a Basement on the Hill_. It was released on October 19, 2004. In 2007 another album called _New Moon_ was released.

## Partial discography

|Release date|Album|Label|
| --- | --- | --- |
|July 14, 1994|_Roman Candle_|Cavity Search Records Domino Records|
|July 21, 1995|_Elliott Smith_|Kill Rock Stars Domino Records|
|February 25, 1997|_Either/Or_|Kill Rock Stars Domino Records|
|August 25, 1998|_XO_|DreamWorks|
|April 18, 2000|_Figure 8_|DreamWorks|
|October 19, 2004|_From a Basement on the Hill_|ANTI-Records Domino Records|
|May 8, 2007|_New Moon_|Kill Rock Stars Domino Records|

## Other websites

- SweetAdeline.net - Official Elliott Smith website
- SweetAddy.com - Official discussion forums
- Cavity Search Records
- Kill Rock Stars

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Elliott Smith
- **background**: solo_singer
- **img**: Elliott Smith.jpg
- **img capt**: Elliot Smith performing in 2003
- **birth name**: Steven Paul Smith
- **origin**: Portland, Oregon, Portland, Oregon, U.S.
- **birth place**: Omaha, Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **genre**: Indie rock
Acoustic rock
Indie folk
- **years active**: 1993–2003
- **instrument**: Guitar
 singer, Vocals
 Piano
 Clarinet
 Bass guitar, Bass
 Harmonica
 Drum kit, Drums
- **label**: Virgin Records, Virgin
 Cavity Search Records, Cavity Search
 Kill Rock Stars
 Suicide Squeeze
 DreamWorks Records, DreamWorks
 ANTI-
 Epitaph Records, Epitaph
 Domino Records, Domino
- **associated acts**: Heatmiser
Quasi
Mary Lou Lord
Pete Krebs
No. 2 (band), No. 2
- **website**: [http://www.sweetadeline.net Official website]
Sugar Hill Records

|style="font-size: larger;" align="center" colspan="2"|**Sugar Hill Records**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|align="right"|**Parent company**|Welk Music Group|
|align="right"|**Founded**|1978|
|align="right"|**Founder(s)**|Barry Poss|
|align="right"|**Distributing label**|Sugar Hill Records (In the US)|
|align="right"|**Genre(s)**|folk music, bluegrass music, country music|
|align="right"|**Country**|US|
|align="right"|**Web address**|sugarhillrecords.com|

**Sugar Hill Records** is a folk music record label. Some of the artists who have released albums with the label are Nickel Creek, Allison Moorer, Sam Bush and Dolly Parton.
1251

### Europe

- April – The first Shepherds' Crusade, a domestic French uprising in response to events in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade, occurs.
- December 26 – King Alexander III of Scotland marries Margaret, daughter of King Henry III of England, precipitating a power struggle between the two monarchs.
- Andrew de Longjumeau, dispatched two years earlier by King Louis IX of France as an ambassador to the Mongols, meets the king in Palestine, with reports from the Mongols and Tartary; his mission is considered a failure.
- Mindaugas of Lithuania is baptized, in prelude to his crowning as King of Lithuania in 1253.
- Alexander Nevsky signs the first peace treaty between Kievan Rus' and Norway.
- King Conrad IV of Germany invades Italy, but fails to subdue the supporters of Pope Innocent IV.
- The German city of Berlin, founded some fifty years earlier, receives its city charter.
- Ottokar II of Bohemia, later to become King of Bohemia, is elected Duke of Austria.
- The earliest known manuscript of _The Proverbs of Alfred_, a collection of sayings of England's Alfred the Great, is written.

### Asia

- Möngke Khan is elected as the fourth great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
- Carving of the Tripitaka Koreana, a collection of Buddhist scriptures recorded on some 81,000 wooden blocks, is completed.

## Births

- Hōjō Tokimune, 8th regent of the Kamakura shogunate (died 1284)

## Deaths

- Bohemund V of Antioch
- Peter I, Duke of Brittany (born 1190)
- Eljigidei, Mongol commander of Persia
- Isobel of Huntingdon (born 1199)
- Matthias II, Duke of Lorraine
1240

## Events

- Batu Khan and the Golden Horde sack the Ruthenian city of Kiev.
- Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita defeats Sosso king Soumaoro Kanté at the Battle of Kirina, beginning the Mali Empire.
- July 15 – Russian prince Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva, saving Russia from a full-scale enemy invasion from the North.
- End of the civil war era in Norway.
- Saint Maurice is started to be portrayed as Moor.

## Births

- Abulafia, Maltese Jewish philosopher (died 1292)
- Pope Benedict XI (died 1304)
- Stephen V of Hungary (died 1272)
- Sigerus of Brabant, French theologian (died 1284)
- Albert the Degenerate, landgrave of Thuringia (approximate date; died 1314)

## Deaths

- April 11 – Llywelyn the Great, King of Gwynedd
- Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Arab philosopher
- Jacques de Vitry, French historian and theologian (born c. 1180)
- William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (born 1166)

## Monarchs/Presidents

- Aragon – James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)
- Castile – Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and León (reigned from 1217 to 1252)
1237

## Events

- Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders.
- Elbląg, Poland is founded.
- Representatives of all 4 khanates lead 150,000 Mongol, Turkish and Persian troops into Europe.
- The Mongols invade Russia.
- Gualdo Tadino, Italy, is destroyed by fire.
- The County of Artois is founded in France.
- Baldwin II becomes Latin Emperor of Constantinople.
- Conrad IV of Germany becomes King of Germany.
- The Livonian Brothers of the Sword unite with the Teutonic Knights.
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Lombard League at Battle of Cortenuova
- A major fire destroys some 30,000 dwellings in the Chinese capital city of Hangzhou.

## Births

- Bohemond VI of Antioch, ruler of the principality of Antioch

## Deaths

- April 15 – Richard Poore, English ecclesiastic
- June 6 – John de Scotia, 9th Earl of Huntingdon
- John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem and Latin Emperor of Constantinople (born c. 1148)
- Jordanus Nemorarius, German scientist
- Pons de Capduelh, French troubadour
- September 23 – Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic historian, poet and politician (born c.1178)

## Monarchs/Presidents

- Aragon – James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)
- Castile – Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and León (reigned from 1217 to 1252)
- Joan, wife of Llwelyn the Great
1224

## Events

- Foundation of the University of Naples.
- Livonian Brothers of the Sword conquers Latgallians and the stronghold of Tartu from Ugaunian and Russian troops.
- Last of Arabs expelled from Sicily.
- The Chichimecas capture Tula, Hidalgo.

## Deaths

- Cathal Crobdearg Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht (born 1153)
- Hōjō Yoshitoki, regent of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan (born 1163)

## Monarchs/Presidents

- Aragon – James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)
- Castile – Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and León (reigned from 1217 to 1252)
- Holy See – Honorius III pope (from 1216 to 1227)
- Mongol Empire – Genghis Khan, Mongol Khan (from 1206 to 1227)
- Navarre – Sancho VII the Strong King of Navarre (reigned from 1194 to 1234)
- Portugal – Afonso II, the Fat, King of Portugal (reigned from 1212 to 1233)
- Venice – Pietro Ziani Doge of Venice (ruled from 1205 to 1229)
1220

## Events

- Middle Ages in Europe
- Fifth Crusade (1217-1221)
- Battle of Lihula in Estonia between Estonians and Swedes.
- Mongols first invade Abbasid caliphate – Bukhara and Samarkand taken
- End of the Kara-Khitan Khanate, destroyed by Genghis Khan's Mongolian cavalry
- Dominican Order approved by Pope Honorius III
- Frederick II crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Honorius III
- Conrad of Masovia drives out the heathen Prussians from a Masovian territory of Chelmno Land
- Trial by ordeal abolished in England
- The German Hohenstaufen dynasty which had ruled Sicily since 1194, adopts Palermo as its principal seat
- Dordrecht receives city rights, making it the oldest city in the present-day Netherlands
- Ljubljana receives its town rights
- The Islamic lands of Central Asia are overrun by the armies of the Mongol invader Genghis Khan (ca. 1155-1227), who laid waste to many civilizations and created an empire that stretched from China to the Caspian Sea. However, he failed to destroy the strength of Islam in Central Asia.

## Architecture

- Gothic architecture in Europe
- Rebuilding of the Cathedral of Chartres, which had been destroyed by a fire in 1194, is completed
- Rebuilding of the York Minster begins
- Building of the Salisbury Cathedral begins

## Births

- April 1 – Emperor Go-Saga of Japan (died 1272)
- November 11 – Alphonse of Toulouse, son of Louis VIII of France (died 1271)
- Thomas Ercildoun, Scottish minstrel (died 1297)
- Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir
- Przemysł I of Poland (died 1257)
- Yaroslav of Russia, Grand Duke of Vladimir
- Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster (died 1271)

## Deaths

- February 17 – Theobald I, Duke of Lorraine
- April 15 – Adolf of Altena, Archbishop of Cologne
- Michael Choniates, Byzantine writer and ecclesiastic
- Farid od-Din Mohammad ebn Ebrahim 'Attar, Persian mystical poet
- Saxo Grammaticus, Danish historian (born 1150)
- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (born 1176)
- Mestwin I of Pomerania
- Queen Urraca of Portugal spouse of King Afonso II of Portugal (born 1186)

## Office holders

- List of state leaders in 1220
- List of religious leaders in 1220
Dot Branning

**Dot Branning** (also **Cotton**) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera _EastEnders_, played by June Brown from 1985 to 1993 and 1997 to 2020. She worked in the laundrette and smoked Superkings.

## Infobox (soap character)

- **series**: EastEnders
- **name**: Dot Cotton
- **portrayer**: June Brown
  Tallulah Pitt-Brown (flashback)
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **years**: 1985–1993, 1997–2020
- **first**: Episode 40

- **last**: Episode 6065

- **classification**: List of former EastEnders characters#Last appeared in 2020, Former; regular
- **alias**: Dot Branning
- **occupation**: Launderette worker and manager
- **imagesize2**: 189px
- **caption2**: Dot in _EastEnders: Dot's Story_, played by Tallulah Pitt-Brown.
- **family**: Branning family, Branning
- **halfsisters**: Rose Cotton (EastEnders), Rose Cotton
- **husband**: Charlie Cotton (until 1991)
 Jim Branning (2002–2015)
- **sons**: Nick Cotton
- **stepsons**: Derek Branning (2002–2015)
 Max Branning (2002–2015)
 Jack Branning (2002–2015)
- **stepdaughters**: Carol Jackson (2002–2015)
 April Branning (2002–2015)
 Suzy Branning (2002–2015)
- **grandsons**: Charlie Cotton (2014 character), Charlie Cotton
 Ashley Cotton
- **granddaughters**: Dotty Cotton
- **nephews**: Andrew Cotton
- **relatives**: Matthew Mitchell Cotton
Pat Evans

**Pat Evans**  (also **Beale**, **Harris**, Wicks and **Butcher**) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera _EastEnders_. She was played by Pam St Clement from June 1986 until January 2012, with a guest appearance in May 2016.

## Infobox (soap character)

- **series**: EastEnders
- **caption**: Pam St. Clement as Pat Butcher (2008)
- **name**: Pat Butcher
- **creator**: Tony Holland
- **introducer**: Julia Smith (1986)
 Dominic Treadwell-Collins (2016)
- **portrayer**: Pam St Clement
 Emma Cooke (flashback)
- **years**: 1986–2012, 2016
- **first**: Episode 138

- **last**: Episode 5286

- **classification**: List of past EastEnders characters#Last appeared in 2016, Former; regular
- **books**: _Swings and Roundabouts_
- **spinoffs**: _Dimensions in Time_ (1993)
 "Pat and Mo" (2004)
 _Last Tango in Walford_ (2010)
 _Children in Need 2014, The Ghosts of Ian Beale_ (2014)
- **alias**: Pat Harris (Birth name)
 Pat Beale (Married name)
 Pat Wicks (Married name)
 Pat Evans (Married name)
 Fat Pat (Nickname)
- **occupation**: Prostitute
 Barmaid
 Businesswoman
 Pub landlady
 B&B landlady
 Cleaner
 Bookkeeper
 Waitress
 Bookmaker
- **brothers**: Jimmy Harris (EastEnders), Jimmy Harris
- **husband**: Pete Beale (1961–1966)
 Brian Wicks (1966–1989)
 Frank Butcher (1989–1996)
 Roy Evans (1996–2003)
- **sons**: David Wicks
 Simon Wicks
- **stepsons**: Ricky Butcher (1989–1996)
- **stepdaughters**: Clare Butcher (1989–1996)
 Diane Butcher (1989–1996)
 Janine Butcher (1989–1996)
- **grandsons**: Joe Wicks
 Steven Beale
- **granddaughters**: Bianca Jackson
- **relatives**: Liam Butcher
 Tiffany Butcher
 Morgan Butcher
Middle way

The **Middle Way** or **Middle Path** is a teaching about a way of looking at things in Buddhism. This teaching advises a path of moderation, taking a middle way between extremes. In particular, the Buddha advises against taking a either an overly hard path or an overly easy path. He said that a person should not be either too self-indulgent or self-denying. The middle way is a different way of life.

According the Third Noble Truth, the way to stop suffering is to stop wanting things.  But if a person too strongly wants to stop wanting things, they are still wanting something. (to stop wanting things).  The middle way helps solve this problem. Buddha came to this idea after six years of extreme self-denial in the search for how to end suffering.

## Related pages

- Buddhism
Category

A **category** is a group of people or things that are the same in some way.

**Category** can mean:
- Category (philosophy)
- taxonomic category - Taxonomic rank
- Category (mathematics)
- _Categories_ (Aristotle)
- Category (Kant)
- Categories (Stoic)
- Categories (game), a game involving naming categories of things
- Category (topology)
Entertainer

An **entertainer** is a person who is employed to bring joy, relaxation or happiness.

## Features

An entertainer can perform on stage or television or simply entertain children at parties.

## Examples

Examples of entertainers include:

- Clowns
- Magicians
- Actors
- Comedians
- Musicians
Benetice (Světlá nad Sázavou)

**Benetice** is a small village near the town Světlá nad Sázavou (in Czech Republic).

### Historical features

There was a glass factory in Benetice. It does not exist any more, but some local names of places are derived from the parts of the glass factory as name _Na sušírnách_ or _Sklárenský rybník_ (the name of a pond). There is recreation camp in Benetice. It was used as pioneer camp (pioneers were people organized in one group in Czech republic) and it was used for young people from Hungary, Poland and Germany.

### Natural features

A linden-tree grows on village green of Benetice. It was planted in 1945.

### Structural features

The castle Lipnice can be seen from Benetice.

### History of the village name

- 1375 - Beneczicze
- 1787 - Benetitz

## Other websites

- www.benetice.eu - pages about the village Benetice
- Czech page about Benetice
- Map of Benetice
Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

**Gustavo Adolfo Domínguez Bastida**, better known as **Bécquer**, (Seville, 17 February 1836 – Madrid, 22 December 1870) was a Spanish post-romanticist writer of poetry and short stories. He is considered one of the most important figures in Spanish literature. He adopted the alias of Bécquer  as his brother Valeriano Bécquer, a painter, had done earlier. He was associated with the post-romanticism movement and wrote while realism in literature was enjoying success in Spain. He was moderately well known during his life, but it was after his death that most of his works were published.

His best known works are the _Rhymes_ and the _Legends,_ usually published together as _Rimas y leyendas_. These poems and tales are essential to the study of Spanish literature and common reading for high-school students in Spanish-speaking countries.

His work approached the traditional poetry and themes in a modern way, and is considered the founder of modern Spanish lyricism.
Tirso de Molina

**Tirso de Molina** (October, 1571? - March 12, 1648) was a Spanish Baroque dramatist and poet.

Originally **Gabriel Tellez**, he was born in Madrid.  He studied at Alcalá de Henares, joined the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy on November 4 1600, and entered the Monastery of San Antolín at Guadalajara, Spain on January 21 1601. He was ordained a priest by 1610.
HotJava

**HotJava** is a web browser from Sun Microsystems that can run Java applets. It was the first browser to support Java applets, and is not available anymore and is not supported anymore.

## Other websites

- HotJava Browser
- HotJava @ Evolt
Mobile browser

A **mobile browser** (also called a microbrowser or minibrowser) is a web browser made for use on a mobile device like a mobile phone or PDA.  Mobile browsers are made to display webpages in the best way for small screens on mobile devices.

## Other websites

- W3C Mobile Web Initiative — “The Mobile Web Initiative's goal is to make browsing the Web from mobile devices a reality”, explains Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the Web.
- Compact HTML for Small Information Appliances — W3C NOTE 9 February 1998
- Open Mobile Alliance
- Blackberry Browser Developer site
Shiira

**Shiira** (シイラ, Japanese for the common dolphin-fish) is a free web browser based on Safari for the Mac OS X operating system.

## Other websites

- Shiira Project
- Shiira: Open Source Web Browser based on Web Kit
Ghostzilla

**Ghostzilla** is a web browser for Microsoft Windows based on Mozilla. The browser runs inside the window space of another program e.g. in Microsoft Outlook, where the page is made to look like the things one would expect in an email. It makes people think think the person they're reading an email.

Between May 2004 and January 2005, the project was taken off the website because the person who made it felt it was bad to use it. It was later put back, but with warnings about the potential to use it for the wrong reason. Since February 2007, the site has been closed and is no longer available.

## Features

- The Ghostzilla window disappears when the mouse cursor is moved away from it, letting the user easily hide it.
- The user can set the preferences to set security (hiding) levels. For example: He can display no images unless the mouse is put over it (they stand out, thus making it more easily recognized as the Web), or display plain grey text on a white background.

## Other websites

- Last ever archived version of Ghostzilla site.
Bern District

The **District of Bern** is a district of the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It has an area of 233 km² and a population of 237,919 people (as of January 2005). The capital city is Bern.

The district contains thirteen municipalities:

|Municipality|Population <small>(Jan 2005)</small>|Area (km²)|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Bern|122,304|51.6|
|Bolligen|6,142|16.6|
|Bremgarten bei Bern|3,818|1.9|
|Ittigen|10,919|4.2|
|Kirchlindach|2,586|11.9|
|Köniz|37,067|51.1|
|Muri bei Bern|12,567|7.7|
|Oberbalm|880|12.4|
|Ostermundigen|15,282|6.0|
|Stettlen|2,949|3.6|
|Vechigen|4,702|24.8|
|Wohlen bei Bern|9,155|36.3|
|Zollikofen|9,548|5.4|

## Other websites

- Website of the city of Bern (in English)
Biel District

**Biel** is a small district in the Swiss canton of Bern. It contains 2 municipalities:

|Municipality|Population<small>*</small>|Area (km²)|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Biel/Bienne|50,407|21.60|
|Evilard|2,312|3.70|
|colspan=3|* - <small>Population as of January 1, 2005</small>||

## Other websites

- Official Website of the city of Biel/Bienne
- Tourism Information for Biel/Bienne and Region
- Portal with numerous trip suggestions in the _Seeland_ region
- Portal with numerous trip suggestions in the Bern _Jura_ region
- Events Calendar
- Nightlife in Biel
- Watch Valley
Rose Byrne

**Rose Mary Byrne** (born 24 July 1979) is an Australian actress.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rose Byrne
- **image**: Rose Byrne 3, 2013.jpg
- **caption**: Rose Byrne in 2013
- **birth name**: Rose Mary Byrne
- **birth place**: Balmain, New South Wales, Australia
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 1994–present
- **nationality**: Australians, Australian
- **awards**: **Australian Film Institute International Award for Best Actress**
 2007 _Damages_
- **known for**: Acting roles:

*"Alex" in _Two Hands (1999 film), Two Hands_ (1999)
*"Briseis" in _Troy (film), Troy_ (2004)
*"Gabrielle de Polastron, comtesse de Polignac" in _Marie-Antoinette (film), Marie-Antoinette_ (2006)
*"Cassie" in _Sunshine (2007 film), Sunshine_ (2007)
*"Major Scarlett Ross" in _28 Weeks Later_ (2007)
*"Kelly Radner" in _Neighbors (movie), Bad Neighbors_ and _Neighbors 2: Soroity Rising_
- **children**: 2
Bellikon

**Bellikon** is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Bellikon - Official website
- Bellikon Rehab Clinic

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bellikon
- **municipality name**: Bellikon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Bellikon COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Bellikon.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Aargau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-AG
- **district**: Baden (district), Baden
- **postal code**: 5454
- **municipality code**: 4022
- **area**: 4.94
- **elevation**: 597
- **population**: 1451
- **populationof**: December 2004
- **popofyear**: 2004
- **website**: www.bellikon.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bergdietikon, Eggenwil, Künten, Remetschwil, Spreitenbach, Widen
Benzenschwil

**Benzenschwil** was a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012 the former municipality of Benzenschwil merged into the municipality of Merenschwand.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Benzenschwil
- **municipality name**: Benzenschwil
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Benzenschwil.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Aargau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-AG
- **district**: Muri (district), Muri
- **postal code**: 5636
- **municipality code**: 4225
- **area**: 2.46
- **elevation**: 459
- **population**: 535
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **neighboring municipalities**: Beinwil (Freiamt), Geltwil, Merenschwand, Mühlau, Muri
Bergdietikon

**Bergdietikon** is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. The lake Egelsee is in Bergdietikon.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bergdietikon
- **image photo**: Schlieren-Dietikon IMG 2367.JPG
- **municipality name**: Bergdietikon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Bergdietikon COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Aargau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-AG
- **district**: Baden (district), Baden
- **postal code**: 8962
- **municipality code**: 4023
- **area**: 5.94
- **elevation**: 581
- **population**: 2277
- **populationof**: 2005
- **website**: www.bergdietikon.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bellikon, Dietikon (ZH), Rudolfstetten-Friedlisberg, Spreitenbach, Urdorf (ZH), Widen
Egelsee (Aargau)

**Egelsee** is a lake at Bergdietikon, Aargau, Switzerland. The surface area is .  It is the largest natural lake in the canton.

## Infobox (lake)

- **lake name**: Egelsee
- **image lake**: Egelsee bergdietikon 7.jpg
- **location**: Aargau
- **basin countries**: Switzerland
Berikon

**Berikon** is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Berikon
- **municipality name**: Berikon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Berikon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Aargau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-AG
- **district**: Bremgarten (district), Bremgarten
- **postal code**: 8965
- **municipality code**: 4062
- **area**: 5.38
- **elevation**: 554
- **population**: 4418
- **populationof**: December 2004
- **popofyear**: 2004
- **website**: www.berikon.ch
- **mayor**: Peter Oggenfuss
- **neighboring municipalities**: Birmensdorf (ZH), Oberwil-Lieli, Rudolfstetten-Friedlisberg, Widen, Zufikon
- **twintowns**: Würenlingen (Switzerland)
998

## Events

- Otto III takes control the city of Rome and brings his cousin, Pope Gregory V, back to power.
- A Benedictine abbey is started at Sherborne.

## Births

- George I of Georgia

## Deaths

- Abu'l-Wafa, Iranian mathematician
995

## Events

- Erik Segersäll is replaces by Olof Skötkonung, the first baptized ruler of Sweden  (see Swedish monarchs).
- Basil II lifts the siege of Aleppo by bringing his entire army across Anatolia in sixteen days.
- Constantine III becomes king of Scotland.
- Boleslaus II of Bohemia kills the Slavnik's dynasty at Libice.
- Olaf Tryggvason is made king of Norway and builds the country's first church.

## Births

- Canute the Great (approximate) (d. 1035)
- Guido of Arezzo, Italian musician (d. 1050)
- Abolfazl Beyhaghi, Persian historian and writer (d. 1077)
- Olaf II of Norway (d.1030)

## Deaths

- February 5 — William IV, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 937)
- Henry II, Duke of Bavaria (b.951)
- Kenneth II of Scotland (possibly murdered)
- Haakon Sigurdsson earl (and de facto ruler) of Norway
1177

## Events

- November 25 — Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon beat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard.
- During the third year of the Angen era in Japan, a fire devastates Kyoto.
- Benedictus Abbas becomes abbot of Peterborough.
- Byland Abbey is started in Yorkshire by the Cistercians.
- Casimir II becomes duke of Poland.
- The Cham sack the Khmer capital of Angkor Wat.
- Roger de Moulins becomes Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller.
- Moscow is burned down.
- Puigcerdà is founded by Alfonso II of Aragon.
- Leopold V becomes Duke of Austria.
- September 27 — Pope Alexander III sends a letter to Prester John, believing he is real.
- Treaty of Venice — Frederick I Barbarossa accepts Alexander III as Pope
- Estonians attack Pskov during winter.

## Births

- Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem (d. 1186)
- Robert de Ros, English baron (d. 1226)
- Philip of Swabia, enemy of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1208)

## Deaths

- January 13 — Henry II of Austria (b. 1107)
- William of Montferrat, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon, father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem (b. early 1140s)
- Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (b. 1095)

## Heads of State

- England — Henry II (reigned 1154–1189)
- France — Louis VII (reigned 1137–1180)
- Byzantine Empire — Manuel I Comnenus (reigned 1143–1180)
- Pope — Alexander III (pope 1159–1181)
- Song China – Song Xiaozong (宋孝宗) (reigned 1162–1189)
1176

## Events

- January — Assize of Northampton.
- May 22 — Murder tried but failed by the Hashshashin on Saladin near Aleppo.
- Raynald of Chatillon released from prison in Aleppo.
- May 29 — Frederick Barbarossa is beaten.
- September 17 — Seljuk Turks beats Manuel I Comnenus at the Battle of Myriokephalon.
- Cathedral of Sens makes the first "clock".
- Construction begins on the London Bridge.
- Aberdeen becomes a royal burgh.
- The first recorded Welsh Eisteddfod is held by Rhys ap Gruffydd at Cardigan.

## Births

- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (d. 1220)
- Leopold VI of Austria (d. 1230)
- William de Longespee, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (around date; d. 1226)
- Saint Sava, Serbian prince and archbishop (d. 1235)
- Subutai, Mongol general, tried to bring together the Mongolia

## Deaths

- April 20 — Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English soldier (b. 1130)
- May 13 — Matthias I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1119)
- August 23 — Emperor Rokujo- of Japan (b. 1164)
- October 25 — William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, English politician (b. c. 1109)
- Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (b. 1150)
- Saint Galdino, Italian archdeacon
1174

## Events

- Vietnam is given the name of Annam by China.
- Henry II of England confesses Rosamund Clifford as his mistress.
- Revolt of 1173-1174 against Henry II of England ends when the rebels are beaten.
- William I of Scotland is captured by Ranulf de Glanvill at the Battle of Alnwick (1174).
- Richard of Dover becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
- William de Braose, Third Lord of Bramber becomes sheriff of Hereford.
- Baldwin IV becomes King of Jerusalem.
- Fire destroys most of Padua, Italy.
- City of Pombal, is started by Gualdim Pais in Portugal.
- Saladin takes Damascus.
- The last Toltec king commits suicide.

## Births

- Saint Hedwig of Andechs (d. 1243)
- King Peter II of Aragon (d. 1213)
- Emeric of Hungary (d. 1204)

## Deaths

- May 15 — Nur ad-Din, ruler of Syria (b. 1118)
- June 28 — Andrei Bogolyubsky, Prince of Vladimir (b. c. 1111)
- July 11 — King Amalric I of Jerusalem (b. 1136)
- September 22 — Uchtred, Lord of Galloway (b. c. 1120)
- October 17 — Queen Petronila of Aragon (b. 1135)
- Everard des Barres, third Grand Master of the Knights Templar
- Miles of Plancy, French crusader
Comet West

**Comet West** was a spectacular comet, also considered to qualify for _great comet_ status.

It was discovered through pictures by Richard M. West, of the European Southern Observatory, on August 10, 1975.  During peak brightness, observers reported that it was bright enough to study during full daylight.

Comet West was what 1973's Comet Kohoutek should have been.

The comet has an estimated orbital period of 558,000 years.

## Break up

During the comet's run into the closer part of the solar system for the first time in 500,000 years, the nucleus of Comet West was seen to split into four pieces as it passed within 30 million km. of the sun.

The first report of the split came around 7 March 1976 12:30UT, when reports were received that the comet had broken into two pieces. These two pieces remained the only pieces until Steven O'Meara, using the 9-inch Harvard Refractor, reported that two additional pieces had formed on the morning of 18 March.

The breakup was one of very few comet breakups seen from historical times by the 1970s. Recently, comets Shoemaker-Levy 9, Schwassmann-Wachmann-3 (73/P), C/1999 S4 LINEAR, and 57/P du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte, have been seen to disintegrate. When seen, many were stunned, but none more so than the discoverer, Richard Martin West. The comet broke into pieces when some distance from the sun. It exploded into four pieces, and those were scattered. Later, two pieces were spotted, and studied intently by astronomers.

## Other websites

- Cometography.com: Comet West

## Infobox (comet)

- **caption**: Comet West in 1976
- **name**: C/1975 V1 (West)
- **discoverer**: Richard Martin West
- **discovery date**: August 10, 1975
- **designations**: C/1975 V1, 1976 VI, 1975n
- **epoch**: 2442840,5
- **semimajor**: 6.780,20 Astronomical Unit, AU
- **perihelion**: 0.19 AU
- **aphelion**: 13560 AU
- **eccentricity**: 0,99997
- **period**: 558306,4201 Julian year (astronomy), a
- **inclination**: 43,0664°
- **last p**: February 25, 1976
- **next p**: 560.282
600

## Events

- The population of the Earth rises to about 208 million people.
- Smallpox arrives in Europe for the first time.
- King Ingvar of Sweden invades Estonia but is killed by the locals.
- Juchau Anglo-Saxon tribesmen arrive in England.
- The Persians begin to use windmills for irrigation.
- Chaturanga is played in India.
- Loma Caldera in El Salvador erupts.
- The Hopewell culture of North America becomes less popular.
- The Aztec city of Teotihuacán begins to get unstable.
- The moldboard plow is invented in eastern Europe.
- Pope Gregory I writes what comes to be known as Gregorian chant.
- The building on the monastery of St. Catherine is begun on Mount Sinai.
- Irish missionaries pray in Scotland and Germany.
- Chinese-influenced sculptures of Buddha begin to be created in Japan.
- Sumatra, Java, and the surrounding islands are changed to believe inBuddhism.
- Augustine of Canterbury changes Ethelbert of Kent's religion to Christianity (approximate date).
- Nubian rulers become Christian (approximate date).

## Births

- Ali Ben Abu Talib, the fourth caliph of Islam
- Candrakirti, Indian Madhyamaka philosopher

## Deaths

- Venance Fortunat, bishop of Poitiers, one of the last representatives of Classical Latin poetry
- King Beop of Baekje, king of the Baekje Kingdom of Korea
- Yang Jun
601

## Events

- Peter (Byzantine General) wins the battle against the Eurasian Avars
- Liuva II replaces his brother Reccared as King of the Visigoths.
- The Qieyun, a Chinese character rhyme dictionary, is published
- The future Archbishops of Canterbury, Mellitus, Justus, and Honorius, and the future Archbishop of York Paulinus, are sent to England by Pope Gregory I to help Augustine in his missionary work.

## Births

- Sigebert II of Austrasia and Burgundy
- Hongren, a Zen Buddhist patriarch of the Chinese Tang Dynasty (d. 674)
- Ma Zhou, Chinese chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 648)
- Empress Zhangsun

## Deaths

- Saint David, Patron Saint of Wales
- Reccared, King of the Visigoths
601 (disambiguation)

**601** can mean:

- 601 AD, (The year)
- PowerPC 601, a microprocessor shipped by the AIM alliance in 1993
- The number 601
The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion

***The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion*** is a role-playing video game. It was made by the American game maker Bethesda in May 2006. The game is for the Xbox 360 video game console and the PC (computer). It was also made for the Sony PlayStation 3 in May 2007.

## Awards

This game got the "Game of the Year" award at the Golden Joystick Awards. Many gaming magazines such as the official Xbox magazine for the United Kingdom rated it a 10 out of 10. The game is only offline. It can not play against people on Xbox Live  although people can download extra content for the game. The extra content can also be bought on a DVD or Blu-ray. Some of the downloadable content comes with the Knights of the Nine retail disc.

## Events

Events from The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion happened after the game The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind. The Emperor Uriel Septim VII gets killed by assassins while trying to escape the Imperial City, which means that Nirn (the world) has lost its shield against the Daedra from the plane of Oblivion, which comes through the opened gates of Oblivion. The goal of the game is to find the Emperor's son, defeat the attacking Daedra, and end the invasion by shutting the gates.

The player may also join a few guilds, groups that let the player do tasks for them, and once the player has completed all of their tasks, the player is in charge of the guild. Unlike Morrowind, the player can join every guild they can get into.

## Expansion

There are two Expansion Packs for Oblivion: The Elder Scrolls IV: Shivering Isles. This expansion adds a new land: The Shivering Isles ruled by crazy god Sheogorath. Here you must defend the land from invading Knights of Order, and stop their attacks. There is also The Knights of the Nine which adds yet another quest.

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Bethesda Game Studios
- **image**: Oblivionlogo.png
- **publisher**: Bethesda Softworks
 2K Games
- **producer**: Gavin Carter
Craig Lafferty
- **designer**: Ken Rolston
- **programmer**: Guy Carver
Craig Walton
- **artist**: Matthew Carofano
- **composer**: Jeremy Soule
- **series**: _The Elder Scrolls_
- **engine**: Gamebryo
- **platforms**: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
- **genre**: Action role-playing game, Action role-playing
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player
602

## Events

- A series of wars begin between the Byzantine Empire and the Sassanid Empire.

## Births

- Li Chunfeng
- Liu Rengui
- Mu'awiyah, who started the Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs (approximate date)
- Xuanzang, famous Chinese Buddhist monk
- Theodore of Tarsus, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 690)
- Taejong muyeol of Silla, 29th King of Silla(Korean of ancient kingdom, B.C 57 – A.D 935)
- Zhiyan

## Deaths

- Empress Dugu Qieluo
Neem Karoli Baba

**Shri Neem Karoli Baba** or **Shri Neeb Karori Baba** (नीब
करोरी बाबा) (? - September 11, 1973, in Vrindavan, India), also known to followers as **Maharaj-ji**, was a Hindu guru and who loved the Hindu deity Hanuman. He is known in the West for having been the guru of a number of Americans who traveled to India in the 1960s and 1970s. These students were returned to the West and told other people about Neem Karoli Baba. The most well known of these students are the spiritual teachers Ram Dass and Bhagavan Das, and the musicians Krishna Das and Jai Uttal.

## Sadhu and guru

Not much is known about Neem Karoli Baba's birth and early years. According to one story, he was born Lakshmi Narayan Sharma (in Akbarpur, Faizabad currently Ambedkar Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. After an arranged marriage at the age of 11, he left his home and traveled a lot in northern India as a holy man (_sadhu_). During this time he was known by many names including Lakshman Das, Handi Wallah Baba, and Tikonia Walla Baba. When he did spiritual practice at Vavania near Navlakhi Port in Gujarat, he was known as Tallaiya Baba. In Vrindavan, the local people called him Chamatkari Baba which means "Miracle Baba". Many people thought him to be a saint.

Neem Karoli was a master of bhakti yoga, and said that service to others (seva) is the best way to show love for God. In a book of stories put together by Ram Dass called _Miracle of Love_, a student named Anjani shares the following story:

## Notable Disciples

Among the most well known of Maharaj-ji's disciples were Ram Dass, the author of _Be Here Now,_ teacher and performer Bhagavan Das, and the musicians Jai Uttal and Krishna Das. Other notable devotees include humanitarian Larry Brilliant and his wife Girija, as well as Dada Mukerjee (former professor at Allahabad University, Uttar Pradesh, India).

After returning to the United States, Ram Dass and Larry Brilliant founded the Seva Foundation, a worldwide development organization which tries to end world poverty by following the teachings of Neem Karoli Baba. Seva is based in Berkeley, California, and Ram Dass served on the board until his death in 2019.

## Further reading

- Das, Bhagavan (1997). _It's Here Now (Are You?)_ Broadway.
- Dass, Ram (1971). _Be Here Now_. Three Rivers Press.
- Dass, Ram (1979). _Miracle of Love: Stories about Neem Karoli Baba_. Hanuman Foundation.
- Mukerjee, Dada (2001). _By His Grace: A Devotee's Story_. Hanuman Foundation.
- Mukerjee, Dada (2001). _The Near and the Dear: Stories of Neem Karoli Baba and His Devotees_. Hanuman Foundation.
- Pande, Ravi Prakash (2003). _Divine Reality: Shri Baba Neeb Karori Ji Maharaj_. Shri Kainchi Hanuman Mandir Ashram.
- Sculpture - The sculpture of Neem Karoli Baba shown above was created by Natalia Rosenfeld, whose work can be seen at www.nataliasculpture.com

## Other websites

- Website on Neem Karoli Baba
- Indian Website on Neem Karoli Baba
- Janma Sthal of Maharaj-ji
- Samadhi Sthal of Maharaj-ji
- Temples and Ashrams related to Neem Karoli Baba
- Neem Karoli Baba photos
- Seva Foundation
- Divine Reality by Ravi Prakash Pande, "Rajida"
Be Here Now

***Be Here Now*** is a 1971 book on spirituality by the spiritual teacher Ram Dass. The title comes from what his guide in India, Bhagavan Das, used to tell him.

## Summary of the book

The book has four sections:
- "Journey: The Transformation: Dr. Richard Alpert, PhD. into Baba Ram Dass"
- "From Bindu to Ojas: The Core Book" (Bindu is a Sanskrit word meaning "small dot". Ojas means "strength", or "life".)
- "Cookbook for a Sacred Life: A Manual for Conscious Being"
- "Painted Cakes: Books"

The first section is about his life, his work as a psychologist, his research with Timothy Leary into Psychedelics at Harvard, and his anxiety when this research does not help him with his spiritual questions. He then writes about his first journey to India and his meeting with his Guru, or spiritual teacher, Neem Karoli Baba, and spiritual renaming as Baba Ram Dass, or "servant of god".

The second section, the largest, is a collection of metaphysical, spiritual and religious sayings, with pictures.

The third section is a guide for starting on a yogic or spiritual path, and tells how to practice yoga and meditation. It has a lot of quotes from teachers of many different religions.

The last section, also titled "Painted Cakes Do Not Satisfy Hunger" contains a list of books on religion and spirituality. The book lists are divided into "Books to hang out with", "Books to visit with now & then", and "Books it's useful to have met".

## Publishing history

The book has been in print since it was first published, and has sold over one million copies. The work was published as a pamphlet by  the Lama Foundation. In 1977, the Lama Foundation decided that the Hanuman Foundation would get half of the money made by the book, so it could do more work to help people.

## Cultural influence

_Be Here Now_ is one of the first guides, for those not born as Hindus, to becoming a yogi. For its influence on the Hippie movement and other movements, it has been described as a "countercultural bible". The book was the first place the phrase "be here now" was used. Other people have said they like the book, including Wayne Dyer. Musician George Harrison used the book's title as the title of one of his songs from his 1973 album _Living In The Material World_. He wrote about this in his book _I Me Mine_.

## Excerpt

Ram Dass wrote this in the book:

> Now, though I am a beginner on the path, I have returned to the West for a time to work out karma or unfulfilled commitment. Part of this commitment is to share what I have learned with those of you who are on a similar journey. One can share a message through telling 'our-story' as I have just done, or through the teaching methods of yoga, or singing, or making love. Each of us finds his unique vehicle for sharing with others his bit of wisdom. For me, this story is but a vehicle for sharing with you the true message... the living faith in what is possible. --OM--

## Related pages

- Neem Karoli Baba