juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gladys Akpa

**Gladys Akpa ** (born 1 January 1986) is a Nigerian football defender. She played in the Nigeria women's national football team. She played for the 2010 African Women's Championship and 2012 African Women's Championship. She also played for the Sunshine Queens club.

## International

- Nigeria
- African Women's Championship Winner (2): 2010, 2016

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Gladys Akpa
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **clubs1**: Sunshine Queens
- **nationalteam1**: Nigeria women's national football team, Nigeria
- **nationalteam-update**: 11 october 2014 (before the 2012 African Women's Championship)
Ogonna Chukwudi

**Ogonna Franca Chukwudi** (born 14 September 1988) is a Nigerian football midfielder. She played for the Italian Lazio club. She also played in the Nigeria women's national team.

## Club career

Chukwudi played for the Umeå IK club in Damallsvenskan.

## International career

Chukwudi was in the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. She played for Nigeria.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ogonna Chukwudi
- **image**: Ogonna Chukwudi.jpg
- **caption**: Action
- **fullname**: Ogonna Franca Chukwudi
- **birth place**: Enugu, Nigeria
- **height**: 1.61 m
- **currentclub**: S.S. Lazio Women 2015, Lazio
- **clubnumber**: 17
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 2005–2010
- **years2**: 2011–2013
- **years3**: 2014–2016
- **clubs1**: Nassarawa Amazons
- **clubs2**: Umeå IK, Umeå
- **clubs3**: KIF Örebro DFF, KIF Örebro
- **caps1**: 23
- **caps2**: 59
- **caps3**: 56
- **goals1**: 23
- **goals2**: 9
- **goals3**: 14
- **years4**: 2017–2018
- **clubs4**: Kristianstads DFF
- **caps4**: 42
- **goals4**: 7
- **years5**: 2019
- **clubs5**: Djurgårdens IF Fotboll (women), Djurgårdens IF
- **caps5**: 18
- **goals5**: 1
- **years6**: 2020
- **clubs6**: ZFK CSKA Moscow, CSKA Moscow
- **caps6**: 0
- **goals6**: 0
- **years7**: 2021
- **clubs7**: Madrid CFF
- **caps7**: 2
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 2021–
- **clubs8**: S.S. Lazio Women 2015, Lazio
- **caps8**: 3
- **goals8**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 2006–
- **nationalteam1**: Nigeria women's national football team, Nigeria
- **nationalcaps1**: 20
- **nationalgoals1**: 3
- **pcupdate**: 00:25, 1 February 2021 (UTC)
Makapu'u Point Light

The **Makapuʻu Point Light** is a lighthouse. It is on the island of Oʻahu. It has the largest lens of any lighthouse in the United States. It was put on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

## Other websites

- Aerial photograph Makapuʻu point light at Marinas.com.
- Photograph of Makapuʻu Point hyperradiant lens, U.S.C.G. at lighthouse friends.
- Aerial 360 Panorama of Makapuʻu Lighthouse and Makapuʻu Point at PanaViz.com
- Satellite view at Google Maps.

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **name**: U.S. Coast Guard Makapuu Point Light
- **embed**: yes
- **nearest city**: Waimanalo, Hawaii
- **architect**: U.S. Coast Guard
- **added**: December 7, 1977
- **refnum**: 77000447


## Infobox (lighthouse)

- **image name**: Makapuu point light.JPG
- **caption**: Makapuʻu Point Light (USCG) undated archival photograph (note the men in the picture)
- **location**: southeast point of Oahu
- **yearbuilt**: 1909
- **yearlit**: 1909
- **automated**: 1974
- **foundation**: masonry basement
- **construction**: brick tower
- **shape**: cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern
- **marking**: white tower, red lantern roof and gray trim and parapet.
- **lens**: hyperradiant Fresnel lens, hyperradiant Fresnel lens
- **intensity**: 115,000 candlepower white
- **characteristic**: Oc W 10s,
- **managingagent**: United States Coast Guard
Tecámac Municipality

**Tecámac** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Tecámac
- **official name**: Tecámac
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Tecamac esc.JPG
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Tecamac location map.svg
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Tecámac de Villanueva
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Tlalnepantla de Baz Municipality

**Tlalnepantla de Baz** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Tlalnepantla de Baz
- **official name**: Tlalnepantla de Baz
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Escudo de Tlalnepantla.svg
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Tlalnepantla location map.svg
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Tlalnepantla
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Pargny-sur-Saulx

**Pargny-sur-Saulx** (, literally _Pargny on Saulx_) is a commune. It is in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

Pargny-sur-Saulx is known for its tiles. These tiles are sometimes exported to Singapore. This gives the commune the nickname "the city of the tiles".

## Names of the commune since its creation

In 1179 : Parni

In 1189 : Parneium

later : Parnenium

In 1232 : Pargneium

In 1240 : Pargny

In 1273 : Pargnei-sur-Saulx

In 1300 : Pargny

In 1397 : Parigny

In 1401 : Pargney

In 1508 : Parguy-sur-Saulx

In 1510 : Prygni

In 1546 : Perriguy

In 1571 : Parigny

In 1633 : Pargny-sur-saulx

## Twin towns

Pargny-sur-Saulx is twinned with:
- Neckarsteinach, Germany

## Related pages

- Communes of the Marne department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Pargny-sur-Saulx
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Mairie-Pargny-Sur-Saulx.png
- **caption**: The city hall
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Pargny-sur-Saulx.svg
- **arrondissement**: Vitry-le-François
- **canton**: Sermaize-les-Bains
- **postal code**: 51340
- **insee**: 51423
- **mayor**: Jean-Claude Cabart
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **elevation m**: 130
- **elevation min m**: 115
- **elevation max m**: 166
- **area km2**: 12.44
Huixquilucan Municipality

**Huixquilucan** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Huixquilucan
- **official name**: Huixquilucan
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Glifo huixquilucan v4.svg
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Huixquilucan location map.svg
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Huixquilucan de Degollado
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Northern Star Award

The **Northern Star Award** is a trophy that is given to the top athlete in Canada. It is voted on by sports media from across the country. The award was first named the **Lou Marsh Trophy**, **Lou Marsh Memorial Trophy** and the **Lou Marsh Award** after well-known Canadian athlete and _Toronto Sun_ sports editor Lou Marsh.

On November 16, 2022, the award would be renamed after racist language that Marsh used became known.

The trophy was first awarded in 1936 to track and field runner Phil Edwards, who had won a bronze medal at the Olympics that year. The award has been won the most time by hockey player Wayne Gretzky with four wins (1982, 1983, 1985, 1989). There have been two ties in the history of the Northern Star Award. Swimmer Graham Smith and alpine skier Ken Read both tied in 1978, as well as, soccer player Alphonso Davies and American football player Laurent Duvernay-Tardif both winning in 2020.

The current holder of the Northern Star Award is basketball player Shai Gilgeous-Alexander.

## Infobox (sports award)

- **name**: Northern Star Award
- **image**: Wgretz edit2.jpg
- **caption**: Wayne Gretzky has won the most Lou Marsh Awards with 4 wins
- **givenfor**: Top athlete in Canada
- **first**: 1936
- **firstwinner**: Phil Edwards (runner), Phil Edwards
<small>(Track and field)</small>
- **mostwins**: Wayne Gretzky (4)
<small>(Ice hockey)</small>
- **mostrecent**: Shai Gilgeous-Alexander
<small>(Basketball)</small>
Tultitlán Municipality

**Tultitlán** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Tultitlán
- **official name**: Tultitlán
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Glifo Tultitlán.svg
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Tultitlan location map.svg
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Tultitlán de Mariano Escobedo
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Coacalco de Berriozábal Municipality

**Coacalco de Berriozábal** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Coacalco de Berriozábal
- **official name**: Coacalco de Berriozábal
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Glifo CocalcoMX.svg
- **image map**: Gemeente Coacalco.PNG
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: San Francisco Coacalco
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Nezahualcóyotl Municipality

**Nezahualcóyotl** is a municipality in the state of México in Mexico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Nezahualcóyotl
- **official name**: Nezahualcóyotl
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico State, Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **image shield**: Glifo prehispánico de Nezahualcóyotl.svg
- **image map**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Nezahualcoyotl location map.svg
- **population density km2**: auto
- **leader title**: Municipal president
- **subdivision type2**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name2**: Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
Atizapán de Zaragoza Municipality

**Atizapán de Zaragoza** is a city, in State of Mexico in Mexico. The area of the city is 91.07 km². In 2010, the population was 489,937.

## Government

|Mayor|Periodo|
| --- | --- |
|Juan Antonio Domínguez Zambrano|2000-2003|
|Salvador Vázquez y Herrera|2003-2006|
|Gonzalo Alarcon Bardena|2006-2009|
|Jesus David Castañeda Degado|2009-2012|
|Pedro David Rodríguez Villegas|2012-2015|
|Ana María Balderas Trejo|2015-2018|
|Ruth Olvera Nieto|2018-2021|
|Pedro David Rodríguez Villegas|2021-2024|

## Demography

|**Settlements**|**Population**|
| --- | --- |
|**Total Municipality**|**833,779**|
|Ciudad López Mateos|792,211|
|Condado de Sayavedra|6,294|

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Atizapán de Zaragoza
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Mexico, Municipality
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image seal**: Escudo-Atizapan-de-Zaragoza.jpg
- **seal size**: 75px
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **map caption**: Location of the municipality in Mexico State
- **image map1**: Mexico Estado de Mexico Atizapan de Zaragoza location map.svg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: State of Mexico
- **subdivision type2**: Region
- **subdivision name2**: Region XII (Mexico State), Tlalnepantla
- **subdivision type3**: Municipal seat
- **subdivision name3**: Ciudad López Mateos
- **leader title**: Municipal President
- **leader name**: Pedro David Rodríguez Villegas
- **area total km2**: 91.07
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population total**: 489937
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central Standard Time
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, Central Daylight Time
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation point**: of seat
- **elevation m**: 2286
Rob Schröder

**Rob Schröder** (13 November 1950 – 6 July 2024) was a Dutch graphic designer and cineast.

Schröder was born in Oegstgeest and grew up in Hoorn. He started working at the Rietveld Academie from 1971.   He was co-founder of the designer collective  in 1974, and was co-founders of the Sandberg Institute. As a writer and director for the VPRO, he was most known for his documentaries _Allerzielen_ (2005) and _Ouwehoeren_ (2011) and for his film _Possessed_ (2018).

Schröder died in Amsterdam on 6 July 2024, at the age of 73 from cancer.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rob Schröder
- **image**: Rob Schröder - IFFR 2018.jpg
- **caption**: Schröder at the 2018 International Film Festival Rotterdam
- **birth place**: Oegstgeest, Netherlands
- **death place**: Amsterdam, Netherlands
- **nationality**: Dutch
- **occupation**: graphic designer, cineast
The Terry Fox Story

***The Terry Fox Story*** is a Canadian-American biographical movie. It was released on May 22, 1983 in North America. It was directed by Ralph L. Thomas.

Principal photography for the movie started on August 23, 1982 and ended on October 14, 1982. The movie cost USD$2,400,000 to make.

The movie focuses on the life of Terry Fox, an amputee athlete and cancer research activist. It follows Fox's Marathon of Hope run as he travels from St. John's, Newfoundland across Canada to help raise money for cancer research.

## Cast

- Eric Fryer as Terry Fox
- Robert Duvall as Bill Vigars
- Chris Makepeace as Darrell Fox
- Rosalind Chao as Rika Noda
- Michael Zelniker as Doug Alward
- Elva Mai Hoover as Betty Fox
- Frank Adamson as Rolly Fox
- Marie McCann as Judith Fox

## Reception

The movie recieved mixed and positive reviews from critics. Fox's family did not like the movie because of the way they made Terry to be short-tempered.

The movie won in six categories at the 5th Genie Awards. It won Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Sound, Best Sound Editing, and Best Film Editing.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Terry Fox Story
- **director**: Ralph L. Thomas
- **producer**: Bob Cooper
- **writer**: Edward Hume
- **starring**: Eric Fryer (actor), Eric Fryer
Robert Duvall
Chris Makepeace
Rosalind Chao
Michael Zelniker
- **music**: Bill Conti
- **studio**: HBO Films, HBO Premiere Films
- **released**: May 22, 1983
- **runtime**: 97 mins.
- **country**: Canada
United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $2,400,000
Mustapha Dassoukine

**Mustapha Dassoukine** (; 14 July 1942 – 6 July 2024) was a Moroccan comedian. During his 40-years long career, Dassoukine played in numerous Moroccan films and television series and also played in theater. He is seen as one of the pioneers of comedy and television in Morocco.

Dasouki played together with his companion Mustafa Al-Zaari as the duo “Dasouki and Al-Zaari”.
He also played in many television series, including “Six of Sixty”, “Tears of Men”, “Five and Thursday”, and “Sidrah Thorn”. Next to that he had some minor roles in “Nesib Al-Hajj Azouz”, “The Family of Si Marbouh” and “The Fugitives”. As a stage actor he played at the  and Today’s Theater (in Arabic: “مسرح اليوم”). His most important roles were in “Allah Yedina Fadl Al-Daw”, “Qolo Al-Aam Zain” and “Bint Al-Kharaz”.

After the death of his eldest son and his wife he stopped as an actor. Dassoukine died in Casablanca on 6 July 2024. King Mohammed VI expressed his condolences and sympathy following his death.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mustapha Dassoukine
- **birth place**: Casablanca, Morocco
- **death place**: Casablanca, Morocco
- **nationality**: Moroccan
- **occupation**: actor
Bhati (Jat clan)

**Bhati** is a clan of the Hindu caste. Mainly found in Sindh and Haryana. They are found in the Indian states of Haryana, Sindh, and  Uttar Pradesh. They have a number of population in Ambala district of Haryana, Meerut of Uttar Pradesh and also in some villages of Punjab and Sindh.

## Other websites

- Singh, Kumar Suresh (1998) India's communities Anthropological Survey of India. p. 371. ISBN 978-0-19-563354-2
- Bhindar, Imran (2018-03-10) FROM SIALKOT TO VANCOUVER. Lulu. p.26 ISBN 978-1-64254-791-7.
- Jaspreet Kaur (2021) "Jats: A brief history"
- Bhati Jat clan _countercurrents.org_
- The Jat People & Dhillons in History (Bhati Jats) _scribd.com_
Bhati (Gurjar clan)

**Bhati** is also a clan of the Hindus of India and Pakistan. Some are found in Awadh and Bundelkhand, while the major population  is mainly found in Dadri region of Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

## Origin and history

Mandawali hamlet near Fazalpur, east of Dehli, India, is home to various Gurjar clans, village is inhabited by almost 450 families the majority of whom are belonged Nagar, including the Bhati, Dedha, and Mavi Gurjar clans. According local tradition village is almost 200 or 300 years old, and when these Gurjar clans settled, nobody actually knew.

In 1857, in the war of independence against the government of British-India, Bhati Gurjars, under the leadership of Umrao Singh Bhati, a ruler and revolutionary individual, participated in the war against Britishers along with some other Hindu castes and some local islamic rulers from present day Uttar Pradesh state of India.

## Distribution

A small number of Bhati are also Gurjar and they mostly found in Pakistani regions of Punjab, Kashmir, Gilgit-Baltistan in Indian regions of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir. It is believed during the regime of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb some Bhatis and other Gurjars converted to Islam religion.

## Occupation

Other than the taluqdar Bhati Gurjar families, the majority of the Barabanki, Saharapur and Noida Bhati are small to medium-sized farmers in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and near by areas of Dehli. With the abolishment of zamindari system of feudal ownership, has had a strong impact on the large landowning families, as much of their land has been redistributed. Like other communities in Awadh, they are largely endogamous, marrying close kin.

## Notable Bhatis

_Some notable individuals those belong to Bhati Gurjar clan includes;_
- _Dargahi Singh Bhati_, was a founder and ruler of Dadri state of Bhati Gujjars in Dadri region of Uttar Pradesh.
- Umrao Singh Bhati, was a ruler of Dadri state of Bhati Gujjars and revolutionary freedom fighter during the rebellion of 1857.
- Narendra Bhati, Indian Politicians from Uttar Pradesh, member of Legislative Council as a MLC in and chair of UP State Agro Industrial Corporation Limited.
- Vedram Bhati, Politicians from Uttar Pradesh, he represents the Jewar. constituency and was a member of the Bahujan Samaj Party from (2002-2019).
- _Rajkumar Bhati_ a politician from Samajvadhi party  from 62 Dadri Uttar Pradesh and journalist.

## Other websites

- Bhati Gujjar clan _www.kshatriyagatha.co_
Bhati (Rajput clan)

**Bhati** is a clan of Rajputs, found in India and Pakistan. The Bhati Rajputs  claim descent from the Yaduvanshi branch of the Chandravanshi lineage and thus, from Lord Krishna.

The Bhati Rajputs historically ruled over several cities in present-day India and Pakistan with their final capital and kingdom being Jaisalmer, India.

## Origin and History

In Jaisalmer, the Bhati clan sometimes refer to themselves as the _Yaduvanshi Rajput_, reflecting their claimed mythological descent from Krishna and Yadu

Some Bhati Rajputs were nomadic cattle-keepers. In the years preceding the Indian rebellion of 1857, these groups lost land by decisions made by the British East India Company, which assigned to Jat peasants grazing lands formerly frequented by the Bhatis in the Delhi and Haryana regions. The British were not enamoured of nomadic tribes, whom they thought exacted protection in the areas that they visited, and the policies of land reform were designed in part to limit this mobility.

In some parts of modern Pakistan, some lower-caste's now also call themselves 'Bhattis'; a fact deeply resented by the authentic Bhatti Rajputs of Pakistan.
Ultimate Electronics

**Ultimate Electronics** was an American chain of consumer electronics stores. It was founded in 1968 and filed for bankruptcy in 2005 and 2011. At their height they operated 64 stores in 14 states. Its headquarters were in Thornton, Colorado. At its peak, they operated in Arizona, Colorado , Illinois, Iowa, Idaho, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, South Dakota, Texas, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Wisconsin. The Colorado, Minnesota, Iowa and South Dakota locations were known for a number of years as SoundTrack and Audio King. Only 78 locations of Ultimate Electronics ever opened. The major factor to the Ultimate Electronics bankruptcy was their expansion.
Phyllobates vittatus

The **Golfodulcean  poison frog** or **Golfodulcean poison arrow frog** (_Phyllobates vittatus_) is a frog.  It lives in  Panama and Costa Rica.

## Body

The adult male frog is about 26 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 31 mm long.  The skin of the frog's back and head is black in color. It has two big stripes from its nose to its rear end. The stripes are red-orange in color. The tops of the legs are blue and green in a pattern. The belly is light green or white in color. There is a stripe on each side of the body. It is white or blue-green in color.

## Home

This frog is awake during the day. It lives on the ground near streams in forests that have never been cut down and forests that have been cut down and have been growing back for a long time. It can only live in forests and pieces of forests, not in places that human beings have changed. People have seen this frog between 20 and 550 meters above sea level.

## Young

During the time of year when the frogs lay eggs, tThe female frog lays eggs every one or two weeks. She lays 7 to 21 eggs at a time. The female frog lays eggs on leaves. They eggs take a few days or a week to hatch. The tadpoles are dark brown in color. The male frog takes care of the eggs after the female lays them. He makes sure they do not become too dry. After they hatch, the male frog puts the tadpoles on his back.  He sits next to the hatched eggs and hits the ground with his feet.  Then the tadpoles climb onto his back. This takes about ten minutes.

The male frog carries the tadpoles to water, where they swim and grow. He carries them for 1-2 days. He can carry them to a puddle, a palm leaf with water in it, or a hole in a tree with water in it. The tadpoles become frogs after about 45 days. The small frogs become adult frogs after ten months.

## Poison

This frog has batrachotoxin poison in its skin.  Scientists say the frog can only make the poison if it eats beetles that also have poison. It does not have as much poison as _P. terribilis_.

## Danger

Scientists believe this frog is in some danger of dying out because people cut down trees to make big farms and tree farms. Bad chemicals in the water can also kill this frog.

People also catch this frog to sell as a pet, but scientists do not think the wild frogs are in danger of dying out from this.

At least two of the places this frog lives are protected parks: Parque Nacional Corcovado and Reserva Forestal Golfo Dulce.
Oculus Go

**Oculus Go** is a virtual reality headset made by Oculus, a part of Meta Platforms (formerly Facebook). It was announced in October 2017 and released in May 2018. The Oculus Go is designed to be affordable and easy to use, without needing a PC or smartphone.

### Announcement and Development

Oculus announced the Oculus Go at the Oculus Connect 4 conference on October 11, 2017. It was meant to be a middle option between the high-end Oculus Rift and the more basic Samsung Gear VR.

### Release

The Oculus Go was released on May 1, 2018, with two storage options: 32GB and 64GB. The prices were $199 for the 32GB model and $249 for the 64GB model.

### Hardware

The Oculus Go uses a Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 processor. It has 3GB of RAM and comes in 32GB and 64GB versions. The screen is 5.5 inches with a resolution of 2560x1440 pixels (1280x1440 per eye).

### Optics

The Oculus Go has special lenses that provide a wide field of view and reduce visual problems like the screen door effect.

### Audio

The Oculus Go has built-in speakers for 3D sound, so you don't need extra headphones. It also has a 3.5mm headphone jack if you prefer using your own headphones.

### Controller

The Oculus Go comes with a simple controller that has a touchpad, trigger, and buttons for easy navigation and interaction in VR.

### Operating system

The Oculus Go runs on a custom version of Android, made specifically for VR. The user interface is simple and easy to use.

### Content library

At launch, the Oculus Go had over 1,000 apps, games, and experiences available in the Oculus Store. This included content from the Oculus Rift and Gear VR.

## Reception

The Oculus Go was well-received, with praise for its price, ease of use, and quality. Some reviews mentioned that the controller's 3DoF tracking was a limitation compared to more advanced 6DoF systems like the Oculus Rift and Oculus Quest.

## Discontinuation

In June 2020, Oculus announced that they would stop selling the Oculus Go and end software updates by the end of the year. They decided to focus on the more advanced Oculus Quest, which offers a better VR experience.

## Other websites

- https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/oculus-go

- https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/05/oculus-go-review-the-wireless-vr-future-begins-today-for-only-199/
John J. McCloy

Lieutenant Commander **John J. McCloy I**, (January 3, 1876 – May 24, 1945), was a U.S. Navy officer. He's famous for receiving the Medal of Honor twice. One for his actions in the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 and another for bravery in Vera Cruz, Mexico, in 1914.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: John J. McCloy I
- **image**: Double Medal of Honor Recipient John J. McCloy I.jpg
- **caption**: McCloy in 1876
- **birth date**: January 3, 1876
- **birth place**: Brewster, New York, US
- **death date**: May 24, 1945
- **death place**: Leonia, New Jersey, US
- **placeofburial**: Arlington National Cemetery
- **allegiance**: United States of America
- **branch**: United States Navy
- **serviceyears**: 1898–1928
- **rank**: Lieutenant commander
- **awards**: Medal of Honor (2)
Navy Cross
- **battles**: Spanish-American War
Boxer Rebellion
United States occupation of Veracruz, Occupation of Vera Cruz (1914)
Hydric brooding

**Hydric brooding** is something that frogs do to their eggs.

Not all amphibian animals lay eggs in the water. Some lay eggs on land. Unlike reptile and bird eggs, which have a special layer that stops them from losing too much water too fast, amphibian eggs can become dry and die.

For example, the male poison arrow frog _Phyllobates vittatus_ sits on top of his eggs and puts liquid from his bladder on them.  He does not stay with the eggs the whole time. Instead, he visits them three times each day.
Ocean Rain

***Ocean Rain*** is the fourth studio album by Echo & the Bunnymen. Echo & the Bunnymen are an English post-punk band. Korova released the album on 4 May 1984. It was number four on the UK Albums Chart and number 87 on the United States _Billboard_ 200. The British Phonographic Industry gave the album a gold certification. _Ocean Rain_ has three singles: "The Killing Moon", "Silver", and "Seven Seas".

The band wrote songs for the album in 1983. In early 1984, they recorded music in Paris with an orchestra. The also recorded music for the album in Bath and Liverpool in the United Kingdom. They released the band on vinyl and cassette in May 1984. They released it on CD in August. In 2008, Echo & the Bunnymen played the full album at many concerts with an orchestra.

## Track listing

All music written by Will Sergeant, Ian McCulloch, Les Pattinson and Pete de Freitas.
1. "Silver" – 3:22
1. "Nocturnal Me" – 4:57
1. "Crystal Days" – 2:24
1. "The Yo Yo Man" – 3:10
1. "Thorn of Crowns" – 4:52
1. "The Killing Moon" – 5:50
1. "Seven Seas" – 3:20
1. "My Kingdom" – 4:05
1. "Ocean Rain" – 5:12

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Ocean Rain
- **type**: Album
- **artist**: Echo & the Bunnymen
- **recorded**: 1983–1984
- **studio**: * Studio des Dames, Paris
* Studio Davout, Paris
* Crescent Studio, Bath, Somerset, Bath
* Amazon Studios, Liverpool
- **genre**: * Post-punk
*New wave music, new wave
*neo-psychedelia
* symphonic rock
- **length**: 36:36
- **label**: Korova (record label), Korova
- **producer**: * Echo & the Bunnymen
* Gil Norton
* Henri Loustau
- **prev title**: Porcupine (album), Porcupine
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next title**: Echo & the Bunnymen (album), Echo & the Bunnymen
- **next year**: 1987
History of biology

The **history of biology** covers the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. People began to think about biology as a specific field in the 1800s. Medicine and natural history came first. Specifics Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine, and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world. In the Middle Ages, Muslim physicians and scholars such as Avicenna continued to develop the field.

The European Renaissance changed biology because people discovered new organisms and began to think more scientifically, using Empiricism. Important scientists related to this change were Vesalius and Harvey in physiology and  Linnaeus and Buffon in natural history. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek used a microscope to reveal microorganisms. His work would lead to cell theory.

In the 1700s and 1800s, many specific fields related to biology developed. Botany and zoology were the first to fully develop. Biogeography, ecology, ethology, embryology, and paleontology also started to build. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection brought many of these ideas together. People stopped believing in spontaneous generation. In medicine, people started to believe in the germ theory of disease.

Around 1900, big change happened in genetics. Carl Correns found work by Gregor Mendel on genetics pea plants. Then Thomas Hunt Morgan and his students applied Mendel's work to fruit flies. By the 1930s, population genetics were studied with natural selection in the "neo-Darwinian synthesis". In 1953, Watson and Crick explained the structure of DNA. Other big developments in the 1900s included the Central Dogma and understanding the genetic code and its rules.

Now, biology is separated into different fields, or subjects. The main fields are organismal biology, cell biology, and molecular biology.
Area codes 270 and 364

**Area code 270 and 364** are area codes for Kentucky. 270 was created as a split from 502 on April 19, 1999. It covers cities such as Bowling Green, Hopkinsville, Owensboro, Paducah, Henderson, and Murray. It was overlaid by 364 on March 3, 2014, despite first being announced in 2007. The introduction of 364 was delayed several times due to number pooling which delayed the need for it to be introduced. Initially intended as a split in 2007 when first introduced, it was later changed to an overlay in September 2012 when it was announced that 270 was close to being used up and 364 could no longer be delayed.
Coastal plain

A **coastal plain** is a flat, low piece of land next to the ocean. Some of the biggest coastal plains are in Alaska and the southeastern United States.
Excidobates

***Excidobates*** is a group of frogs. These frogs are poison dart frogs. They live in Peru and Ecuador in places where water goes into the Marañón River. Scientists used to put these frogs in _Dendrobates_. The frogs in this group all have light, oval-shaped spots on the bottoms of their back legs.

## Species

These species are in the genus:
|Image|Scientific name|Common name|Distribution|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
||_Excidobates captivus_ <small>(Myers, 1982)</small>|Santiago poison frog|Peru and Ecuador|
||_Excidobates condor_ <small>Almendáriz, Ron, and Brito M., 2012</small>|Cóndor poison frog|Ecuador|
||_Excidobates mysteriosus_ <small>(Myers, 1982)</small>|Marañón poison frog|Peru|
Grid paper

**Grid paper** or **graph paper** is a sheet of paper with a grid on it, so it is easier to plot graphs and draw curves. It is often used in mathematics and engineering.
Area code 219

**Area code 219** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the northwest part of Indiana, including cities like Gary, Hammond, and East Chicago. This area code was one of the original area codes created in 1947 and originally covered the entire northern half of Indiana. In 2002, area code 219 was split, and the central and eastern parts were given new area codes (574 and 260).
Area codes 903 and 430

**Area code 903 and 430** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the northeastern part of Texas, including cities like Tyler, Longview, and Sherman. Area code 903 was created in 1990 when it was split from area code 214. In 2003, area code 903 was overlaid with area code 430 to provide more phone numbers for the growing region. People living in this area now have to dial ten digits, including the area code, for local calls.
Area codes 415 and 628

**Area codes 415 and 628** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover San Francisco and the surrounding areas in California, including Marin County and part of San Mateo County. Area code 415 was one of the original area codes established in 1947. Area code 415 originally covered a much larger region but was split multiple times to create new area codes, such as 408 and 707 in 1959, 510 in 1991, and 650 in 1997, due to the increasing demand for phone numbers. It was overlaid by 628 in 2015.
Area code 417

**Area code 417** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the southwestern part of Missouri, including cities like Springfield, Joplin, and Branson. This area code was created in 1950 when it was split from area code 816. It is not projected to be used up until 2030.
Area codes 408 and 669

**Area codes 408 and 669** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in California, including cities like San Jose, Sunnyvale, and Gilroy. Area code 408 was created in 1959, on the same day as 707  when it was split from area code 415. 408 was split by 831 in 1998 and then overlaid with 669 in 2012.
Area code 409

**Area code 409** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the southeastern part of Texas, including cities like Beaumont, Galveston, and Port Arthur. Area code 409 was created in 1983 when it was split from area code 713. It originally covered a much larger region but was split in 2000 to create area codes 936 and 979.
Area codes 410, 443, and 667

**Area codes 410, 443 and 667** are telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover the eastern part of Maryland, including cities like Baltimore, Annapolis, and Ocean City. Area code 410 was created in 1991 when it was split from area code 301. To meet the increasing demand for phone numbers, area code 410 was overlaid with area codes 443 and 667 in 1997 and 2012, respectively.
Area codes 418, 581, and 367

**Area code 418, 581, and 367** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the eastern part of the province of Quebec in Canada, including cities like Quebec City, Saguenay, and Rimouski. Area code 418 was one of the original area codes created in 1947. It was overlaid with area code 581 in 2008 and again with area code 367 on November 24, 2018.
Area codes 419 and 567

**Area codes 419 and 567** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the northwestern part of Ohio, including cities like Toledo, Lima, and Mansfield. Area code 419 was one of the original area codes created in 1947. As the demand for phone numbers increased, area code 419 was overlaid with area code 567 in 2002.
Area codes 512 and 737

**Area code 512 and 737** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover the central part of Texas, including cities like Austin, San Marcos, and Round Rock. Area code 512 was established in 1947 as one of the original area codes and initially served the entire state of Texas. Over time, as the population grew and the demand for phone numbers increased, area code 512 was split to create 210 in 1992. It was overlaid by 737 in 2013.
Area codes 513 and 283

**Area code 513 and 283** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the southwestern part of Ohio, including cities like Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Middletown. Area code 513 was established in 1947 as one of the original area codes and originally served the entire state of Ohio. Over time, as the demand for phone numbers increased, area code 513 was split by 937 in 1996 and overlaid by 283 on April 28, 2023, although 283 was first introduced back in 2000.
Area code 514

**Area code 514** was one of the original area codes established in 1947. It covers the Island of Montreal in the province of Quebec, Canada, including cities like Montreal, Dorval, and Dollard-des-Ormeaux. It was split by 819 in 1957 and 450 in 1998, then it was overlaid by 438 in 2006 and 263 in 2022.
Area code 515

**Area code 515** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers parts of central Iowa, including the cities of Des Moines and Ames. Area code 515 was established in 1947 as one of the original area codes. It initially covered a larger portion of central Iowa but in 2000 it was split by 641.
Area code 517

**Area code 517** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers south-central Michigan, including cities like its capital city, Lansing, Jackson, and Adrian. Area code 517 was established in 1947 as one of the original area codes and initially served the entire southern half of Michigan. It was split by 989 in 2001.
Area codes 519, 226, 548, and 382

**Area codes 519, 226, 548, and 382** are area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover southwestern Ontario, Canada, including cities like Windsor, London, and Kitchener.

Area code 519 was created in 1953 as a split from 416. When the population grew and more phone numbers were needed, more changes happened:
- split by 705 in 1957
- overlaid by 226 in 2006
- overlaid by 548 in 2016
- overlaid by 382 in 2023
Area code 612

**Area code 612** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the city of Minneapolis and some of its surrounding suburbs in the state of Minnesota. Area code 612 was one of the original area codes established in 1947 and initially served the eastern, southeastern, and southern portions of Minnesota. Over time, as the population grew and the demand for phone numbers increased, area code 612 was split by 651 and 763, in 1998 and 2000, respectively.
Area code 613

**Area code 613** was one of the original area codes established in 1947. It initially served the entire eastern part of the province of Ontario. Over time, as the population increased and the demand for phone numbers grew, area code 613 was split by 705, then overlaid by 343 in 2010 and 753 on March 26, 2022. It now covers eastern Ontario, Canada, including cities like Ottawa, Kingston, and Cornwall.
Area codes 614 and 380

**Area code 614 and 380** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They cover the central region of Ohio, including the city of Columbus, the state capital. Area code 614 was established in 1947 as one of the original area codes and initially served the entire state of Ohio. As the population grew and the demand for phone numbers increased, area code 614 was split by 740 in 1996 and overlaid by 380 on February 27, 2016.
Area codes 615 and 629

**Area code 615 and 629** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers central Tennessee, including cities like Nashville, its state capital, Murfreesboro, and Franklin. Area code 615 was established in 1954 when it was split from area code 901. Over time, as the population and demand for phone numbers increased, area code 615 was split again to create area code 931 in 1997 and then overlaid by 629 in 2015.
Area code 321

**Area code 321** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the central east coast of Florida, including cities like Orlando, Melbourne, and Titusville. Area code 321 entered service on November 1, 1999 as an overlay of 407 to accommodate the increasing demand for phone numbers in the region. The split was implemented to manage the growing population and telecommunications needs specifically in the Space Coast area, known for its aerospace industry and tourism. This code is also a reference to the countdown sequence of spacecrafts, most of which have taken place in Cape Canaveral.
Area code 520

**Area code 520** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers southern Arizona, including cities like Tucson, Sierra Vista, and Nogales. Area code 520 entered service on March 19, 1995 as a split from 602 and surrounded the Phoenix metropolitan area. It was the third interchangeable area code to be introduced after 334 and 360. It was split by 928 in 2001 and limited to the southern section of Arizona.
Area codes 970 and 748

**Area codes 970 and 748** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the western and northern parts of Colorado, including cities like Fort Collins, Grand Junction, and Durango. Area code 970 was created on April 2, 1995 as a split from 303, making it the fourth interchangeable area code after 334, 360, and 520. This area was overlaid by 748 on July 7, 2025.
Huygens (spacecraft)

**Huygens** was a space probe that landed on Titan, a moon of Saturn, in 2005. It was launched with the Cassini probe in 1997. The probe was named after Christiaan Huygens, a Dutch astronomer who discovered Titan. Huygens was the first probe to land on Titan and the farthest place a probe has ever landed.

### Construction

Huygens was built by Aérospatiale in France, now part of Thales Alenia Space. The heat shield was made near Bordeaux by Aérospatiale, now part of Airbus Defence and Space. Martin-Baker Space Systems made the parachute systems and other parts to help it land. IRVIN-GQ designed the parachutes and worked on the landing system with Martin-Baker.

### In space

On October 15, 1997, the Cassini spacecraft was launched. The Huygens probe was attached to it. On December 25, 2004, the Huygens probe left Cassini and traveled to Titan.

On January 14, 2005, the Huygens probe landed on Titan. It bounced and slid to a stop, finding pebbles made of water ice on an orange surface with methane haze. Huygens' pictures showed rivers of liquid methane, drainage channels, and dry lakebeds, which means there was recent liquid activity. While no permanent lakes were found at the landing site, later data from the Cassini mission showed lakes in Titan's polar regions.

Huygens found the surface to be like damp sand made of ice grains, with rounded rocks and pebbles indicating fluid action. The temperature was very cold at , with methane making up 5% of the atmosphere. The light on Titan was much dimmer than on Earth, with an orange sky due to Titan's haze. After 90 minutes, Huygens stopped sending data, even though it was designed to last longer.

Landing site of the Huygens probe:

## Infobox (spaceflight/ip)

- **type**: lander
- **object**: Titan (moon), Titan
- **arrival date**: 12:43, January 14, 2005 (Spacecraft event time, SCET UTC)


## Infobox (spaceflight)

- **name**: _Huygens_ spaceprobe
- **image**:
- **image caption**: A replica of the Huygens probe
- **mission type**: Lander (spacecraft), Lander
- **operator**: European Space Agency, ESAItalian Space Agency, ASINASA
- **cospar id**: 1997-061C
- **website**: [http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Cassini-Huygens/ _Huygens_ home page]
- **manufacturer**: Thales Alenia Space (then Aérospatiale)
- **power**: 1800 Wh total
- **launch rocket**: Titan IV, Titan IV(401)B piggybacking with Cassini-Huygens, Cassini orbiter
- **deployment date**: December 25, 2004
- **landing date**: 12:43, January 14, 2005 (UTC)
- **insignia alt**: _Huygens_ mission insignia
- **insignia size**: 150x150px
- **programme**: **European Space Agency Science Programme#Horizon 2000, Horizon 2000**
- **previous mission**: Cluster (spacecraft), Cluster
- **next mission**: XMM-Newton, XMM-_Newton_
Area code 941

**Area code 941** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers the southwestern part of Florida, including cities like Sarasota, Bradenton, and Punta Gorda. Area code 941 was established on May 28, 1995 as a split from area code 813, being the fifth interchangeable area code after 334, 360, 520, and 970.
Area codes 540 and 826

**Area codes 540 and 826** are telephone area codes in the state of Virginia. Area code 540 was created on July 15, 1995 as a split from 703. It covers the northwestern and southwestern parts of Virginia, including cities like Alexandria, Fairfax, Roanoke, Harrisonburg, and Fredericksburg. It was split by 276 in 2001 and then overlaid by 826 on June 14, 2022.
Area codes 787 and 939

**Area codes 787 and 939** are area codes for Puerto Rico. Area code 787 was created on March 1, 1996 as a split from 809, which initially served the entire Caribbean Islands. It was overlaid by 939 in 2001, since it was being used up fast due to the increasing demand for phone numbers. When typed on a phone keypad, 787 is memorizable for the mnemonic, PUR, which stands for Puerto Rico.
Area codes 876 and 658

**Area codes 876 and 658** are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan that cover Jamaica, including major cities like Kingston, Montego Bay, and Spanish Town. Area code 876 entered service as a 1997 as a split from area code 809, which originally covered the entire Caribbean region. As the demand for phone numbers grew, area code 658 overlaid 876 on April 30, 2019.
Area code 809

**Area code 809** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. Established in 1958, area code 809 originally served the entire Caribbean region, including Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and other nearby islands. However, due to increasing demand for phone numbers, many regions were split off into new area codes, such as 787 and 939 for Puerto Rico, and 868 for Trinidad and Tobago. As of 1996, it simply covers the Dominican Republic. It was overlaid by 829 in 2005 and 849 in 2009.
Area code 264

**Area code 264** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers Anguilla, a British overseas territory in the Caribbean. Area code 264 was established in 1997 when it was split from area code 809, which previously served the entire Caribbean region. The digits "264" spell out "ANG," which is a short form for Anguilla, making the code easy to remember for residents and visitors.
Area code 868

**Area code 868** is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan. It covers Trinidad and Tobago, including major cities like Port of Spain, San Fernando, and Chaguanas. Area code 868 was established in 1997 when it was split from area code 809, which originally served the entire Caribbean region. This change was made to accommodate the growing demand for phone numbers in Trinidad and Tobago. The digits "868" spell "TNT" which stand for Trinidad and Tobago.