juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cornwall, Ontario

**Cornwall** is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. The population of Cornwall was 47,845 in 2021. The mayor of Cornwall is Justin Towndale. The first European settlement in Cornwall was established in 1784 although Aboriginal peoples lived in and around the area for millennia. The name originally "New Johnstown" then the name was officially changed after and was named _Cornwall_  after the Duke of Cornwall, Prince George, in 1834.

## Media

CJSS 1220

CJOH CTV

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cornwall
- **official name**: City of Cornwall
- **settlement type**: List of cities in Ontario, City (single-tier)
- **image skyline**: Cornwall ON 1.JPG
- **image blank emblem**: Logo of Cornwall, Ontario.svg
- **blank emblem type**: Logo
- **motto**: _Pro Patria_
- **nickname**: The Friendly City, The Seaway City, The Friendly Seaway City
- **pushpin map**: Canada Southern Ontario
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Southern Ontario
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Canada
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces and territories of Canada, Province
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name1**: Ontario
- **subdivision name2**: United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry <small>(geographically only)</small>
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1784
- **established title1**: Incorporated
- **established date1**: 1834
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Justin Towndale
- **leader title1**: Governing Body
- **leader name1**: Cornwall City Council
- **leader title2**: House of Commons of Canada, MP
- **leader name2**: Eric Duncan (politician), Eric Duncan (Conservative Party of Canada, Conservative)
- **leader title3**: Legislative Assembly of Ontario, MPP
- **leader name3**: Nolan Quinn (Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, PC)
- **total type**: Total
- **area land km2**: 61.50
- **area urban km2**: 32.40
- **area metro km2**: 509.21
- **elevation m**: 64.00
- **population total**: 47845
- **population as of**: 2021
- **population density km2**: 777.9
- **population urban**: 47286
- **population density urban km2**: 1459.6
- **population metro**: 61415
- **population density metro km2**: 120.6
- **population note**: Metropolitan area includes the City of Cornwall and South Stormont Twp.
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Canada, Postal Code FSA
- **postal code**: K6H to K6J
- **area code**: Area codes 613, 343, and 753, 613, 343
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Time Zone, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
Barkly, Victoria

**Barkly** is a very small town in Victoria, Australia, about 180 kilometres northwest of Melbourne. It is located near the junction of the roads from Landsborough to Redbank, and from Frenchmans to St Arnaud. It is close to the western side of the St Arnaud Range National Park.

The area was first called the Navarre Diggings after gold was found in June 1859 by a group led by James Law (1827-1910). It was about six miles from the Navarre township. This caused a gold rush and there were soon about 700 people on the diggings. At the peak of the rush, there were over 6000 people in the area digging for gold.

James Law, who had come to Australia from Scotland, was given a reward of 150 pounds for being the first person to find gold. Other members of his group, John Fewster, W.R. Marshall and George Mill also were rewarded.

The name was changed to Barkly on 1 November 1861, after the Governor of Victoria, Sir Henry Barkly. The name was changed by the local gold warden, Mr. Warden Alley, a government official in charge of the diggings. A school was started, the Barkly Common School.

A cemetery, now called the Pioneer Cemetery, was begun close to the original diggings. The town of Barkly developed about two miles from this area, and a new cemetery was opened.

Barkly has a small Anglican church, a hall, and a few houses. The school has been closed and the buildings removed. There is a rose and lavender farm which is open to the public during the year. A headstone was placed on James Law's grave on 5 May, 1985. In 1996 a memorial stone was placed at the site of the first gold discovery.

## Other websites

- Culture Victoria website with photo of the Barkly goldfield
- Barkly Lavender and Rose Farm

## Infobox (australian place)

- **type**: town
- **name**: Barkly
- **state**: vic
- **image**: Anglican church Barkly.jpg
- **caption**: Anglican church, Barkly
- **lga**: Pyrenees Shire
- **use lga map**: yes
- **postcode**: 3381
- **elevation**: 270
Time After Time

"**Time after Time**" is a song first performed by American singer Cyndi Lauper. It is the second single from her album _She's so Unusual_. The song reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in June 1984. It stayed there almost two weeks. The song has been covered by many other musicians.
Ice sledge hockey

**Sledge hockey** (known as **sled hockey** in the United States) is a sport that is designed to allow players who have a physical disability to play sport.
Ice sledge hockey was invented in Sweden in the 1960s at a rehabilitation center.

## Ice sledge hockey and ice hockey differences

- Team is composed of 5 players and one goalkeeper. This is same as in normal hockey.
- In each team could be maximum 5 healthy players. In one moment there could be maximum 2 of them.
- The benches and penalty bench are in the ice
- Ice rink is same too. Hockey rinks  follow the International Ice Hockey Federation specifications, which are given in metric units (the Imperial units given are approximations): 60 m × 30 m (197 ft × 98.5 ft) with a corner radius of 8.5 m (28 ft). The distance from the end boards to the nearest goal line is 4 m (13 ft). The distance from each goal line to the nearest blue line is 17⅔ m (58 ft). The distance between the two blue lines is also 17⅔ m (58 ft). There are two widths of lines painted on a hockey rink: thick lines – 12 in (30 cm) wide – and thin lines – 2 in (5 cm) wide.

- Difference is in player´s equipment. Players have full-face cover.
- Normal hockey is played for 3 times 20 minutes. In sledge hockey it is from 12 to 20 minutes.
- In normal hockey there are 3 referees. There are 2 in sledge hockey.

## Ice sledge hockey equipment

- Sled - Each player has his own sled. This sled is designed on his body.

- Stick - The sticks for ice sledge hockey players have a blade curved as in normal ice hockey.
On the other side it has six to eight metal teeth for maneuvering and propulsion. Movement is done by using the metal teeth. The metal teeth cannot be longer than 1 centimeter beyond the stick, to help stop damage to the ice or injure of other players.

## Ice sledge hockey in Kolín

People who live in Kolín see ice sledge hockey as a normal sport. Kolín's team are on the top of table. Kolín's ice hockey players won last season. Many of Kolín's players play in Czech republic's representation.

### Leagues and Associations

- British Sledge Hockey Association
- Czech Sledge Hockey League
- Japan Ice Sledge Hockey Association
- Northeast Sled Hockey League (USA)
- Ontario Sledge Hockey Association (Canada)
- Sledge Hockey of Eastern Ontario (Canada)
- Hockey Alberta - Sledge Hockey (Canada)

### Equipment Manufacturers

- Canwinsportsm
- HandiNor AS
- Mobility Sports, LLC
- Passvilan
- Spokes n' Motion
- Unique Inventions
- SWERD

### National Teams

- Canada
- Czech Republic
- Estonia
- Germany
- Japan
- Norway
- Sweden
- United States
- Italy
Paleozoology

**Paleozoology** is one of the branches of biology that deals with animal fossils and ancient animal life. The animal fossils are thoroughly studied and the process of evolution of animals is found out.
President of Azerbaijan

The country of Azerbaijan is a republic, with the **President of Azerbaijan** as the head of state, and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan as head of government. The Constitution of Azerbaijan makes the President the Commander-in-Chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces and the President of Azerbaijan has more powers than the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan and the National Assembly of Azerbaijan.

The President is directly elected by the people for a five-year term and can be re-elected without any limit. The President cannot be put on trial or put in prison during his term.

The President can call a national referendum for important issues for the country, such as changing the articles of the Constitution, because a referendum is necessary for changing the Constitution. The Constitution also allows the President to be a member of a political party.

The current President of Azerbaijan is Ilham Aliyev. This list includes all the presidents that have led the country since it became independent in 1991; the Soviet Union collapsed the same year.

## Presidents of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1991-Present)

- _For leaders before independence, see List of leaders of Azerbaijan_
|#|Name|Photo|Term start|Term end|Political Party (at time of appointment)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|**1**|Ayaz Mütallibov||30 August 1991|6 March 1992|Independent|
|—|Yaqub Mammadov _(acting)_||6 March 1992|14 May 1992|Independent|
|—|Ayaz Mütallibov||14 May 1992|18 May 1992|Independent|
|—|Isa Gambar _(acting)_||19 May 1992|16 June 1992|Azerbaijani Popular Front Party|
|**2**|Abulfaz Elchibey||16 June 1992|1 September 1993|Azerbaijani Popular Front Party|
|**3**|Heydar Aliyev||3 October 1993|31 October 2003|New Azerbaijan Party|
|**4**|Ilham Aliyev||31 October 2003|Incumbent|New Azerbaijan Party|

## Related pages

- Prime Minister of Azerbaijan

## Other websites

- The President of Azerbaijan
Digital certificates

**Digital certificates** are electronic 'credit cards' that establish your credentials when doing a business or other transactions on the Web. It is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains your name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a standard, X.509. Digital certificates can be kept in registries so that authenticating users can look up other users' public keys.

## Types of digital certificate

• Class 1 defines the certificate that does not hold any legal validity as the validation process is based only on a valid email ID and involves no direct verification.

• Class 2 category states that a person's identity is to be verified against a trusted,pre-verified database.

• Class 3 requires the person to present himself or herself in front of the registration authority and prove his or her identity.
Date Masamune

was a Japanese daimyo in the Tōhoku region during the Azuchi-Momoyama period and Edo period. He was known as the  because he lost the use of an eye.

## Date clan

In the Edo period, the Date clan were identified as one of the _tozama_ or outsider clans, in contrast with the _fudai_ or insider _daimyō_ clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan.

Date sent troops which fought with the Tokugawa during the Battle of Sekigahara.

## Sendai-kō

The feudal daimyō were sometimes identified with the suffix "_-kō_" (servant) combined with the name of a place or a castle.

In 1601, Date built the Sendai castle; and the modern-day city of Sendai developed around it. Sendai_-kō_ was one of the ways Date Masamune was described.

## Keichō Embassy

In 1613-1620, Date sent Hasekura Tsunenaga on a diplomatic mission to the courts of Philip III of Spain in Madrid and Pope Paul V in Rome.

This historic visit is called the .

## Legacy

In 1991, a minor planet or main-belt asteroid 6859 Datemasamune was named after this Edo period historical figure.

## Other websites

- _Aoba-jo_ (Sendai Castle)

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Date Masamune
伊達政宗
- **image**: Date Masamune02.jpg
- **order**: First Lord of Sendai Domain
- **term start**: 1600
- **term end**: 1636
- **successor**: Date Tadamune
- **birth date**: September 5, 1567
- **birth place**: Yonezawa, Yamagata, Japan
Pope Alexander

**Pope Alexander** may mean:

- Pope Alexander I (c. 106 – c. 115)
- Pope Alexander II (1061–1073)
- Pope Alexander III (1159–1181)
- Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261)
    - Antipope Alexander V
- Pope Alexander VI (1492–1503)
- Pope Alexander VII (1655–1667)
- Pope Alexander VIII (1689–1691)
Patrick Murphy

**Patrick Murphy** may mean
- Patrick Murphy (biker), Canadian Olympic Biker.
- Patrick Murphy (giant), Irish Giant.
- Patrick Murphy (Irish Politician), Irish Politician from Cork.
- Patrick Murphy (coach), Softball coach.
- Patrick Murphy (pilot) Irish pilot.
- Patrick Murphy (swimmer), Olympic swimmer from Australia.
- G. Patrick Murphy, U.S. Judge
- Patrick Charles Murphy, Canadian senator
- Patrick Henry Murphy, member of the Texas Seven, escaped prisoner.
- Patrick V. Murphy, New York Police Commissioner.
- Patrick Murphy, made-up character from the soap opera The Young and the Restless
Pope Alexander III

**Pope Alexander III** (; c. 1100 – 30 August 1181), born **Orlando Bandinelli**, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 171st Pope. He was Pope from 1159 to 1181.

## Early life

He was born in Siena.  He was a member of the Bandinelli family.

## Cardinal

In 1150, Pope Eugene III made Bandinelli a  Cardinal.

## Pope

Cardinal Bandinelli was elected pope on September 7, 1159; and he chose the name Alexander III.  His papacy was disputed by Antipope Victor IV, Antipope Paschal III, Antipope Calixtus III and Antipope Innocent III.

Pope Alexander was involved in Italian and European political disputes.

Alexander's support for Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, did not resolve conflicts with the Henry II of England.  After Becket was murdered, Alexander canonized him.

## Related pages

- List of popes
- List of popes by length of reign

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy, Popes in sequence
- GCatholic, Pope Alexander III
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , Cardinal Bandinelli

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: pope
- **name**: Alexander  III
- **image**: B alexander III2 (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Alexander III depicted in a  fresco <small>(Palazzo Pubblico of Siena)</small>
- **birth name**: Orlando Bandinelli
- **birth date**: c. 1100
- **birth place**: Siena
- **death place**: Rome
- **term start**: 7 September 1159
- **term end**: 30 August 1181
- **predecessor**: Pope Adrian IV
- **successor**: Pope Lucius III
- **other**: Alexander
Pope Clement VII

**Clement VII** (; 26 May 1478 – 25 September 1534), born **Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici**, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church.  He was the 119th Pope from 1523 to 1534.

## Early life

Giulio di Medici was born in Florence one month after his father's death. He was the nephew of Lorenzo de' Medici and he was a cousin of Pope Leo X.

## Bishop

Leo X made Medici the Archbishop of Florence.

## Cardinal

On 23 September 1513, Medici was made cardinal.

## Pope

In 1523, Cardinal Medici was elected pope. He chose to be called Clement VII.

Pope Clement was involved in Italian and European political disputes.[3]

Clement ordered Michelangelo's painting of _The Last Judgment_ in the Sistine Chapel.

## Related pages

- List of popes
- List of popes from the Medici family

## Other websites

- "Clement VII (Pope),") _Encyclopedia Britannica_, 1911
- Catholic Hierarchy, Popes Clement VII
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , Cardinal Medici

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: pope
- **name**: Clement VII
- **image**: Clement VII. Sebastiano del Piombo. c.1531..jpg
- **birth name**: Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
- **birth date**: 26 May 1478
- **birth place**: Florence
- **death date**: 25 September 1534
- **death place**: Rome
- **term start**: 19 November 1523
- **term end**: 25 September 1534
- **predecessor**: Pope Adrian VI
- **successor**: Pope Paul III
- **other**: Clement
Suzanne Somers

**Suzanne Somers** (October 16, 1946 – October 15, 2023) was an American actress, singer and business woman. She was born in San Bruno, California.

In 1977, she married Canadian producer Alan Hamel.

She appeared in many television series. Somers is best known for playing the part of Chrissy Snow on the first five seasons of _Three's Company_. She was fired by ABC after she want to be paid the same as her male co-star John Ritter. She later made her comeback with the shows _She's the Sheriff_ (which was syndicated) and _Step by Step_ (which aired on ABC). She has written many bestselling books.

Somers was diagnosed with stage 1 breast cancer in 2000. She had a lumpectomy and recovered. She was criticized for her strong views about medical subjects. Her promotions of alternative cancer treatments had been subject to criticism from American Cancer Society.

Somers died at her home in Palm Springs, California on October 15, 2023 from breast cancer, one day before her 77th birthday.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Suzanne Somers
- **image**: SuzanneSomersByPhilKonstantin.jpg
- **birth name**: Suzanne Marie Mahoney
- **birth place**: San Bruno, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Palm Springs, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Breast cancer
- **years active**: 1960s–2023
- **notable works**: _Three's Company_
_Step by Step (TV series), Step by Step_
- **children**: 1
- **relatives**: Camelia Somers (granddaughter)
Cape Mendocino

**Cape Mendocino** is a geographic feature of the coastline of Northern California that is the westernmost point of the Californian coast in Humboldt County.

The cape was named in the 1540s after Antonio de Mendoza, the viceroy of New Spain.

## History

Cape Mendocino has been known as a landmark since the 16th century. Spanish ships crossed the Pacific Ocean by following the Pacific trade winds. The North Equatorial Current brought them to the North American coastline.  After their landfall, the Manila galleons would sail down the coast to Acapulco, Mexico.

Francis Drake sighted Cape Mendocino in 1576.

Hasekura Tsunenaga sailed from Japan to Cape Mendocino in 1613 on a diplomatic mission. Hasekura was traveling to the courts of Philip II of Spain and Pope Paul V.

## Geology

The Cape Mendocino region is an active earthquake zone. In April 1992, three major earthquakes had their epicenters near the cape.

The Mendocino Triple Junction is west of the cape and under the Pacific Ocean. It is a geologic triple junction, and three tectonic plates come together. The San Andreas Fault, a transform boundary, runs south from the junction and separates the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.

To the north is the Cascadia subduction zone, where the Gorda Plate is being subducted under the edge of the North American Plate.  Running west from the Mendocino Triple Junction is the Mendocino Fracture Zone, the transform boundary between the Gorda Plate and the Pacific Plate.

## Other websites

- United States Geological Survey (USGS), M7.2 – Cape Mendocino, 1992
- Bruke Museum, Cascadia tectonic history with map
Cavaquinho

The **cavaquinho** (pronounced [kavɐˈkiɲu] in Portuguese) is a small string instrument of the European guitar family with four wire or gut strings. Its standard tuning is **D, G, B, D**. Other tunings include D-A-B-E (Portuguese old tuning, made popular by Júlio Pereira) and G-G-B-D and A-A-C#-E. Guitarists often use D-G-B-E tuning to imitate the highest four strings of the guitar. The G-C-E-A tuning is sometimes used to imitate the soprano/tenor ukulele, an instrument developed from the cavaquinhos that the Portuguese took to Hawaii in the late 19th century.
Gower

**Gower** is a peninsula in Wales. It is near Swansea. It has many scenic sights like caves.
Gangrel

**David William Heath** (born February 16, 1969) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for competing with the World Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment under the ring name, **Gangrel**.

As Gangrel, he was known for forming the professional wrestling stable, The Brood. He portrayed a vampire gimmick and would wear fangs, come down to the ring with a goblet of blood and drink from it and gave other wrestlers blood baths.

## Championships

- **All Pro Wrestling**
    - APW Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Billy Blade)
- **All Star Wrestling**
    - ASW Trans-Canada Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Atlantic Wrestling Council**
    - AWC Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **European Wrestling Promotion**
    - EWP World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - EWP Ironman Title Hardcore Knockout Tournament (2003)
- **International Pro Wrestling Association**
    - IPWA Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Rusty Brooks)
- **Legends Pro Wrestling**
    - Inducted into the LPW Hall of Fame (January 23, 2010)
- **Maximum Pro Wrestling**
    - MXPW Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **NWA Florida**
    - NWA Florida Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Tom Nash)
- **National Wrestling League**
    - NWL Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
    - He was awarded the PWI Rookie of the Year award in 1993.
- **Pro Wrestling Revolution**
    - PWR Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Stampede Wrestling**
    - Stampede International Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Tom Nash)
- **Tri-State Wrestling Alliance**
    - TWA Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Blackheart Destruction)
- **United States Wrestling Association**
    - USWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (one time)

## Other websites

- Gangrel  on Online World of Wrestling

## Infobox (wrestler)

- **name**: David Heath
- **names**: Blackheart Apocalypse
The Blackheart
The Black Phantom
Crazy Dave
David Heath
The Druid
El Vampiro
**Gangrel**
Lestat The Vampire
The Master
The Warlock
Vampire Warrior
- **image**: David Gangrel Heath.jpg
- **caption**: Heath in February 2009
- **birth place**: Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
- **billed**: The Other Side of Darkness
Santa Cruz, California
- **trainer**: Boris Malenko
- **debut**: 1988
Plucked string instrument

**Plucked string instruments** are instruments that are plucked either by fingerpicking or a pick. Examples of this are guitars, ukuleles, lutes, bass guitars, mandolins and banjos.
Plucked string instruments usually have strings,  which when plucked, produces a vibration, producing sound. This sound gets amplified, either through a soundbox or electric amplifier.
Raven's Nest

**Raven's Nest** (also known as **Raven's Flock**) was a professional wrestling stable that was active in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1995 to 1997 which was led by Raven. The stable was also active in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).

## Championships

- **Extreme Championship Wrestling**
    - ECW World Tag Team Championship (two times) (Raven and Stevie Richards)
    - ECW World Heavyweight Championship (two times) (Raven)

- **World Championship Wrestling**
    - WCW United States Heavyweight Championship (one time) (Raven)
    - WCW World Television Championship (one time) (Saturn)
    - WCW World Tag Team Championship (one time) (Raven and Saturn)
    - WCW World Tag Team Championship (one time) (Vampiro and Muta)

## Infobox (wrestling team)

- **article name**: Raven's Flock
- **type**: S
- **names**: Raven's Cult
Raven's Nest
The Flock
Dead Pool
The Gathering
The New Movement
Serotonin
- **debut**: 1995
- **disbanded**: 2007
- **promotions**: Extreme Championship Wrestling, ECW
World Championship Wrestling, WCW
Juggalo Championship Wrestling, JCW
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, TNA
Circus (album)

***Circus*** is the 6th album by Britney Spears. It consists of electropop and dance pop. This hit record was released on November 28, 2008. The album debuted on _Billboard_ 200 near the top; it sold half a million copies during its 1st week and received positive review from critics. The album's lead single was "Womanizer". Other singles released were the title track, "If U Seek Amy", and "Radar."
Fingerpicking

**Fingerpicking** is a technique used on all plucked string instruments. Some plucked stringed instrument players may prefer using a pick, some may prefer fingerpicking.
The Partridge Family

***The Partridge Family*** was an American situation comedy. It was about a widowed mother and five children who become involved in music. The series was shown from September 25, 1970 to August 31, 1974 on ABC Network. It was produced by Paul Junger Witt.

## Cast

- Shirley Jones as Shirley Partridge
- David Cassidy as Keith Partridge
- Susan Dey as Laurie Partridge
- Danny Bonaduce as Danny Partridge
- Jeremy Gelbwaks as Chris Partridge (season 1)
- Brian Forster as Chris Partridge (seasons 2-4)
- Suzanne Crough as Tracy Partridge
- Dave Madden as Reuben Kincaid
- Ricky Segall as Ricky Stevens
Testimonial

A **testimonial** is when a company uses a celebrity or famous person or a member of the public to endorse a product so the consumer wants it too. For example a professional football player recommends a particular brand of shirts. The idea behind this is for the consumer to think "Oh! That famous person likes that shirt, I think I'll get it too!".
Behind These Hazel Eyes

**"Behind These Hazel Eyes"** is a hit single from 2005 by singer Kelly Clarkson from her 2004 album Breakaway. The song is about a relationship in which a man breaks a girl's heart and doesn't care how much he hurts her.
Nightwing

**Nightwing** is a name that has been used by several fictional characters in the DC Comics universe. The name was used early on with characters related to Superman. Superman was the first to use the name. The most well know use of the name for a character was the original Robin, **Dick Grayson**. The comic book _Nightwing_, about this version of the character was printed from 1996 until 2009. A new volume of the comic has been published from 2011 and is still being published today.
Frustration

In psychology, **frustration** is a common emotional way to act when things go wrong. It is a feeling of being angry and sad when something one wants or wishes for does not happen.

In physics, **frustration** (or **geometrical frustration**) is a property of water molecules in ice when a freezing crystal is formed. The presence of random or conflicting atoms stop the ice from being completely frozen. It is called "water ice".
Long Buckby

**Long Buckby** is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England, midway between Northampton and Rugby. In the 2001 census the parish of Long Buckby (which includes the hamlet of **Long Buckby Wharf**) had a population of exactly 4,000.
It is a part of the Daventry district. In the local elections of 2007 the Conservatives retained the seat but with a smaller majority than previous elections.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Long Buckby
- **civil parish**: Long Buckby
- **population**: 4,000
- **population ref**: (United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001 Census)
- **shire district**: Daventry (district), Daventry district
- **shire county**: Northamptonshire
- **region**: East Midlands
- **constituency westminster**: Daventry (UK Parliament constituency), Daventry
- **post town**: NORTHAMPTON
- **postcode district**: NN6
- **postcode area**: NN
- **dial code**: 01327
- **os grid reference**: SP628673
Malay Wikipedia

**Malay Wikipedia** (Malay: ***Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu***, Jawi script: **ويکيڤيديا بهاس ملايو**, abbreviation: **mswiki**) is the Malay version of Wikipedia. Started in October 2002, currently has over 126,168 articles as in November 2011.

It is the 29th largest edition.

## Other websites

- :wiktionary:en:Category:Malay language
- :oldwikisource:Category:Bahasa Melayu
- Mobile version of Malay Wikipedia

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu
ويکيڤيديا بهاس ملايو
- **collapsible**: yes
- **logo**: Wikipedia-logo-v2-ms.svg
- **caption**: Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu
- **commercial**: No
- **type**: Internet encyclopedia project
- **language**: Malay language, Malay
- **registration**: Optional
- **owner**: Wikimedia
- **author**: wiki, Editing community
Vienna Circle

The **Vienna Circle** (in German: der Wiener Kreis) was the name of a group of philosophers who began meeting around the University of Vienna in 1922.

Many famous philosophers were members. Some of its members were:

- Gustav Bergmann,
- Alex Robinson
- Rudolf Carnap,
- Herbert Feigl,
- Philipp Frank,
- Kurt Gödel,
- Hans Hahn,
- Tscha Hung,
- Victor Kraft,
- Karl Menger,
- Richard von Mises,
- Marcel Natkin,
- Otto Neurath,
- Olga Hahn-Neurath,
- Theodor Radakovic,
- Rose Rand,
- Moritz Schlick (chairman),
- Friedrich Waismann
- Ludwig Wittgenstein.

Most followed the philosophy that came to be known as logical positivism.

Ludwig Wittgenstein's 1921 book _Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus_ formed the basis for the group's ideas. Wittgenstein himself insisted that they did not understand him correctly and took to quietly reading poetry to himself during their meetings.

The Vienna Circle was broken up when the Nazi party came to power in Germany in 1933, many of its members moved to the US, where they became teachers in several universities.

The Vienna Circle's influence on 20th century philosophy was very large.
University of Vienna

The **University of Vienna** (German: Universität Wien) is a public university in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. It is the largest university in Austria and one of the largest in Europe.
National Memorial Day of the Exiles and Foibe

**National Memorial Day of the Exiles and Foibe** (in Italian: "Giorno del Ricordo") is Italian celebration in memory of ethnic cleansing's victims in massacres of Foibe and exiles from Dalmatia, Istria and "Venezia Giulia".

## Official comment

Italian president Giorgio Napolitano took an official speech in which he stated:

## Cause of step

Step for this celebration was allowed by the end of communist totalitarian regimes in Balkan nations because culpability of these crimes is of old politicians. Celebration was instituted in 2004 and first Memorial Day was held in 2005.

## Related pages

- Massacres of Foibe
- Istrian-Dalmatian exodus
- Dalmatian Italians
- Italian cultural and historic presence in Dalmatia
- List of Italian place names in Dalmatia
- Venice and Dalmatia
- Italian language in Croatia
- Italy
- Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Pope Alexander IV

**Pope Alexander IV** (;  c. 1185 – 25 May 1261), born **Rinaldo Conti di Segni**, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church.  He was the 182nd Pope from 1254 until his death.

## Early life

Rinaldo Conti di Segni was born into the family of the counts of Segni.  His relations included Pope Innocent III  and Pope Gregory IX.

## Cardinal

In 1227, Gregory IX made Conti a cardinal.

## Pope

Cardinal Conti was elected pope on December 12, 1254. He chose to be called Alexander IV.

Pope Alexander was involved in Italian and European political disputes.  The pope tried and failed to affect politics in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

## Related pages

- List of popes
- List of popes from the Conti family

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy, Popes in sequence
- GCatholic, Pope Alexander IV
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , Cardinal Conti di Segni

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: pope
- **name**: Alexander  IV
- **image**: B Alexander IV.jpg
- **birth name**: Rinaldo Conti di Segni
- **birth date**: c. 1185
- **death place**: Viterbo
- **term start**: 12 December 1254
- **term end**: 25 May 1261
- **predecessor**: Pope Innocent IV
- **successor**: Pope Urban IV
- **other**: Alexander
Keichō

was a  after _Bunroku_ and before _Genna._  This period started in October 1596 and ended in July 1615. During this time, the emperors were  and .

The _nengō_ _Keichō_ means "Eternal Jubilance" or "Eternal Jubilance".

## Events of the _Keichō_ era

- **1596** (_Keichō 1_): Japanese invasion of Korea (also known as the Imjin War).
- **18 September 1598** (_Keichō 3, 18th day of the 8th month_): Toyotomi Hideyoshi died at the age of 63.
- **21 October 1600** (_Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month_): Battle of Sekigahara, which was known as .
- **1603** (_Keichō 8_): Tokugawa Ieyasu was named Shogun.
- **1605** (_Keichō 10_): The first major map of Japan was ordered by the shogunate.
- **1609** (_Keichō 12_): Satsuma invades Kingdom of Ryukyu; King Shō Nei travels to Edo.
- **20 May 1610** (_Keichō 15, the 27th day of the 3rd month_):  Toyotomi Hideyori came to Kyoto to visit the former-Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu; and the same day, the emperor announces his intention to resign in favor of his son Masahito.
- **9 May 1611** (_Keichō 16_): Go-Yōzei abdicated; and his son received the succession (_senso_); and soon after, Emperor Go-Mizunoo's role as monarch is confirmed by ceremonies (_sokui_).
- **1612** (_Keichō 17_): The oldest clock in Japan was received by Tokugawa Ieyasu as a gift from Philip III of Spain.
- **1613** (_Keichō 18_): Hasekura Tsunenaga headed a diplomatic mission to the Americas and Europe.
- **1614** (_Keichō 19_): Siege of Osaka.
- **18 October 1614** (_Keichō 19, 25th day of the 10th month_): A strong earthquake shook Kyoto.
- **1615** (_Keichō 20_): Osaka Summer Battle

## Related pages

- Momoyama period
- Edo period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
- Okinawa Prefectural Archives, http://www.archives.pref.okinawa.jp/publication/2009/04/post-168.html

|Keichō|1st|2nd|3rd|4th|5th|6th|7th|8th|9th|10th|11th|12th|13th|14th|15th|16th|17th|18th|19th|20th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1596|1597|1598|1599|1600|1601|1602|1603|1604|1605|1606|1607|1608|1609|1610|1611|1612|1613|1614|1615|
Senedd

The **Senedd** (), previously called the **National Assembly building**, contains the _debating chamber_ and 3 committee rooms for the Welsh Parliament in Cardiff. The building is 5,308 square meters (57,100 sq ft) large.

## History

After 2 selection processes were held, it was decided a new debating chamber for Wales was to built on a new site,_ Site 1E,_ at Capital Waterside in Cardiff Bay.

### Design

Richard Rogers, an architect who had won the Pritzker Prize, won the international competition to design the building. It was designed to be sustainable, with renewable technologies, and to be energy efficient. The building was awarded an "Excellent" certification by the_ Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method_, the highest ever certification to be awarded in Wales, and was nominated for the 2006 Stirling Prize. The Senedd is now a symbol of Cardiff, and Wales.

### Building the Senedd

The Senedd was constructed in two phases, the first in 2001 and the second starting in August 2003, until it was handed over to the National Assembly in February 2006.

Between the phases, the National Assembly changed contractors and the management structure of the project, but kept Rogers as architect.

Once finished, the building cost almost 6 times more than expected, and was finished 4 years and 10 months late (compared to estimates in 1997).

The cost grew because of the extra security that had to be added after the September 11 attacks, and because the National Assembly did not have an independent estimate of the project's cost until December 2000, three years after the original estimate. The costs of the second phase grew by less than 6% over budget, and was 6 months late, because of ICT problems.

It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 1 March 2006 and it cost £69.6 million, which included £49.7 million in construction costs. The Senedd is part of the land owned by the National Assembly that includes Tŷ Hywel and the Pierhead Building.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Senedd
- **alternate names**: Welsh
Parliament building
- **image**: Senedd National Assembly for Wales.jpg
- **alt**: A building with a flat wooden roof and a glass façade around the entire building
- **architectural style**: Sustainable architecture, High-tech architecture
- **cost**: Pound sterling, GB£69.6 million
- **location**: Cardiff, Wales
- **address**: Senedd Cymru, Cardiff. CF99 1NA
- **owner**: Senedd Cymru
- **start date**: 1 March 2001
- **completion date**: 7 February 2006
- **inauguration date**: 1 March 2006
- **floor count**: 3
- **main contractor**: Skanska (phase 1)
Taylor Woodrow Construction, Taylor Woodrow (phase 2)
- **architecture firm**: Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, Richard Rogers Partnership
- **structural engineer**: Arup
- **services engineer**: BDSP Partnership and MJN Colston
June Christy

**June Christy** (November 20, 1925 in Springfield, Illinois - June 21, 1990) was an American singer. She started her singing career with the Stan Kenton Orchestra. Her solo career began in 1954. She was active until 1988.

Christy died in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California from renal failure. After her death, people called her one of the finest and most neglected singers of her time.
Pall Mall

**Pall Mall** is a street in the  City of Westminster, London. It is parallel to The Mall. Pall Mall East leads into Trafalgar Square.

The street's name is taken from a game called 'pall mall'. The game was a mallet-and-ball game played in the early 17th century.

Pall Mall is probably best known for its many Gentlemen's clubs.

## Related pages

- Westminster
- London

## Other websites

- Introductory page from the Survey of London
- Pall Mall on TourUK
- Panoramic photograph of Pall Mall
- 19th Century Gentleman's Clubs on Pall Mall (including photographs)
- The Institute of Directors' 116 Pall Mall
119 (number)

**119** (**one hundred [and] nineteen**) is the natural number that comes after 118 and comes before 120. In Roman numerals, it is **CXIX**.

## Mathematics

- 119 is the sum of five primes in a row (17 + 19 + 23 + 29 + 31). It is a highly cototient number.
- 119 is the order of the largest cyclic subgroups of the Monster group.

## Telephony

- 1-1-9 is the emergency telephone number in some countries.
- A number to report children / youth at risk in France

## Infobox (number)

- **number**: 119
Seneca

**Seneca** may mean many different things:

## People

- Seneca the Elder
- Seneca the Younger

## Native American groups

- Seneca people, a Native America tribe or nation
    - Seneca language
    - Seneca Nation of New York
    - Seneca–Cayuga Nation
    - Tonawanda Band of Seneca

## Places

- Seneca, Kansas
- Seneca, Missouri
- Seneca, South Carolina
- Seneca Gardens, Kentucky
Jo Stafford

**Jo Stafford**, (November 12, 1917 - July 16, 2008) was an American singer for traditional pop (or called standard pop) and for jazz standards. She was born in Coalinga, California. Her career began during the late 1930s and lasted until the early 1960s. Stafford was strongly admired for the purity of her voice; she was one of the most versatile singers of the era. In 1961 she won Grammy Awards for Best Comedy Album. She died of congestive heart failure in Century City, Los Angeles.

## Other websites

- Jo Stafford - record album "Jo + Jazz" at YouTube

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jo Stafford
- **image**: 1947 Jo Stafford (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Stafford in 1947
- **birth date**: November 12, 1917
- **birth place**: Coalinga, California
- **death date**: July 16, 2008
- **occupation**: Jazz and pop singer
Hilaire Belloc

**Hilaire Belloc** (27 July 1870 – 1953) was a French-born English writer, poet, satirist and politician . He wrote many different poems which he put into the book _Cautionary Tales for Children_. That book included the famous Matilda. This poem was about a girl who told lies and was burned to death. Belloc was one of the most productive writers in 1902.

Belloc was a politician as well as a writer. He was a Member of Parliament from 1906 until 1910. While he many things in addition to writing, he is best known for his writing. These poems included characters such as Jim, who ran away from his nurse and was eaten by a lion and Matilda who told lies and was burnt to death. Belloc was also well known as a speaker, man of letters and political activist.
FC Dinamo Tbilisi

**FC Dinamo Tbilisi** is a football club from Tbilisi, Georgia. The club was one of the best in the Soviet Top League, but after the Soviet Union broke up, the club joined the newly created league, the Umaglesi Liga. The team won the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, Soviet Top League, Soviet Cup, Umaglesi Liga, Georgian Cup, Georgian Super Cup and the CIS Cup.

## Honours

- **UEFA Cup Winners' Cup**: **1**
1981
- **Soviet Top League**: **2**
1964, 1978
- **Soviet Cup**: **2**
1976, 1979
- **Georgian League**: **19**
1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2019, 2020, 2022
- **Georgian Cup**: 13
1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2004, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
- **Georgian Super Cup**: 9
1996, 1997, 1999, 2005, 2008, 2014, 2015, 2021, 2023
- **CIS Cup winner**: **1**
2004

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Dinamo Tbilisi
- **image size**: 150px
- **fullname**: Football Club Dinamo Telavi
- **nickname**: Blue-White
- **ground**: Boris Paichadze Dinamo Arena
Tbilisi, Georgia
- **capacity**: 54,549
- **manager**: Kakhaber Tskhadadze
- **chrtitle**: President
- **chairman**: Roman Pipia
- **league**: Erovnuli Liga
- **season**: 2023
- **website**: https://fcdinamo.ge/
- **position**: 2nd
- **pattern la1**: _pumafinal21rb
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- **socks3**: 000000
Boris Paichadze Stadium

The **Boris Paichadze Stadium** is a stadium in Tbilisi, Georgia built in 1976. The stadium is home to FC Dinamo Tbilisi and the Georgia national football team.  The stadium is used for football and rugby. The stadium can hold around 56,000 people.

## Infobox (stadium)

- **name**: Boris Paichadze Dinamo Arena
- **nickname**: Dinamo Arena
- **image**:
- **caption**: **UEFA stadium categories, UEFA Category 4 Stadium**

- **former names**: Lenin Dinamo Stadium (1976-1990)
Boris Paichadze National Stadium (1995-2011)
- **location**: Tbilisi, Georgia (country), Georgia
- **built**: 1976
- **renovated**: 2006
- **owner**: FC Dinamo Tbilisi, Dinamo Tbilisi
- **surface**: Astro turf
- **scoreboard**: Yes
- **architect**: Archil Kurdiani, Gia Kurdiani
- **structural engineer**: Shalva Gazashvili
- **capacity**: 54,549
- **suites**: 52
- **record attendance**: 110,000 (Dinamo Tbilisi - Liverpool F.C., Liverpool 3-0, 3 October 1979, Georgia-Germany 0-2, 29 March 1995)
- **tenants**: Georgia national rugby union team
 Georgia national football team
 FC Dinamo Tbilisi
Alejandro García Casañas

**Alejandro García Casaña**s (born on 14 January 1970 in Barcelona, Spain) is a Spanish retired professional footballer and a current coach. He played as a defender. As a player, he only got 278 appearances for his 13 years of clubs. He currently coaches FC Dinamo Tbilisi.

## Career statistics

|Apps|Goals|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="center"|278|align="center"|6|

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Álex García
- **fullname**: Alejandro García Casañas
- **birth place**: Barcelona, Spain
- **position**: Defender (association football)#Centre-back, Centre back
- **youthyears1**: 1984–1988
- **youthclubs1**: FC Barcelona, Barcelona
- **years1**: 1988–1993
- **clubs1**: FC Barcelona B, Barcelona B
- **caps1**: 118
- **goals1**: 6
- **years2**: 1993–1994
- **clubs2**: → Rayo Vallecano (loan)
- **caps2**: 22
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1994–1995
- **clubs3**: → Palamós CF, Palamós (loan)
- **caps3**: 32
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1995–1998
- **clubs4**: Cadiz CF, Cádiz
- **caps4**: 69
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 1998–1999
- **clubs5**: Granada CF, Granada
- **caps5**: 31
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 1999–2000
- **clubs6**: Gimnàstic de Tarragona, Gimnàstic
- **caps6**: 6
- **goals6**: 0
- **years7**: 2000–2001
- **clubs7**: UE Cornellà, Cornellà
- **totalcaps**: 278
- **totalgoals**: 6
- **nationalyears1**: 1987–1988
- **nationalteam1**: Spain national under-18 football team, Spain U18
- **nationalcaps1**: 5
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1988–1989
- **nationalteam2**: Spain national under-19 football team, Spain U19
- **nationalcaps2**: 3
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 1989–1990
- **nationalteam3**: Spain national under-20 football team, Spain U20
- **nationalcaps3**: 2
- **nationalgoals3**: 0
- **nationalyears4**: 1990–1992
- **nationalteam4**: Spain national under-21 football team, Spain U21
- **nationalcaps4**: 5
- **nationalgoals4**: 0
- **nationalyears5**: 1991–1992
- **nationalteam5**: Spain national under-23 football team, Spain U23
- **nationalcaps5**: 3
- **nationalgoals5**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 2001–2003
- **managerclubs1**: FC Barcelona, Barcelona (youth)
- **manageryears2**: 2003–2005
- **managerclubs2**: Catalonia national football team, Catalonia U18
- **manageryears3**: 2005–2009
- **managerclubs3**: FC Barcelona, Barcelona (youth)
- **manageryears4**: 2011–2012
- **managerclubs4**: FC Dinamo Tbilisi, Dinamo Tbilisi
- **manageryears5**: 2014–2015
- **managerclubs5**: CE Sabadell FC, Sabadell
Wiki Conference India

**Wiki Conference India** was a event held in India for users of Wikimedia projects. It was hosted by the Mumbai users of Wikimedia and Wikimedia India Chapter
 with the help of the Wikimedia Foundation. The conference is a national event happening every year for Wikimedia in India and people from all nations can participate in it. Its basically for things about India on Wikipedia and other sister projects in English and Indian languages.

## Related pages

- Wikimania

## Other websites

- "Wiki Conference India 2011" at Meta-Wiki, a Wikimedia project coordination wiki

- News reports
- "Wikipedia eyes India for language growth"  Agence France-Presse November 09, 2011
- "WikiConference comes to town" Times of India November 10, 2011
- "Mumbai to host first WikiConference in India" Deccan Herald November 09, 2011

- Hashtags
- #wci11

## Infobox (convention)

- **name**: Wiki Conference India
- **image**:
- **status**: Active
- **venue**: Mumbai University (Fort Campus)
- **location**: Mumbai, India (2011)
- **first**: 2011
- **organizer**: Mumbai Wikipedia Community,
 Wikimedia CH#Local chapters, Wikimedia India Chapter
Wikimedia Foundation
- **filing**: Non-profit
- **website**: [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConference_India_2011 Wiki Conference India 2011]
Austrian Regionalliga West

The **Regionalliga West** is one of three 3rd level football leagues in Austria. The Regionalliga West is formed by teams from the federal states Vorarlberg, Tyrol (only North Tyrol) and Salzburg. The league was formed in the 1980/81 season.

The champions of the three leagues have to play relegation matches against the 9th from the first league. Amateur teams of professional clubs are not allowed to promote, so Red Bull Juniors, last seasons champion, is still playing in this league.

## Clubs of the Regionalliga West

**2025-26 season**
- SCR Altach Juniors
- SC Imst
- SVG Reichenau
- VfB Hohenems
- SV Wals-Grünau
- FC Dornbirn
- SV Kuchl
- SK Bischofshofen
- FC Pinzgau Saalfelden
- FC Wacker Innsbruck
- SV Seekirchen
- FC Lustenau
- TSV St. Johann im Pongau
- SC Schwaz
- FC Lauterach
- FC Kitzbühel
- FC Kufstein

## Other websites

- Regionalliga West(german language)

## Infobox (football league)

- **leaguename**: Regionalliga West
- **country**: Austria
- **confederation**: UEFA
- **founded**: 1980/81
- **level**: 3
- **number of teams**: 16
- **promotion to**: Austrian Football First League, First League
- **relegation to**: Salzburger Liga,
 UPC Tirol Liga,
Landesliga Vorarlberg
- **current champions**: F.C. Red Bull Salzburg, Red Bull Juniors
- **season**: 2010/11
- **website**: [http://www.regionalliga.at/west/ Regionalliga West (German)]