juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gentlemen's club

A **gentlemen's club** is a private social club. These clubs were started in England in the 18th century. They  were originally reserved to the British upper class. At the start, they were only for men, women were not allowed. They were all originally gambling clubs.  The first clubs (such as White's, Brooks's and Boodle's) had  members from the aristocracys. A main activity was gambling, especially gambling at cards. which was illegal outside of members-only establishments. However, there were clubs with other activities.

Countries outside Britain also have such clubs. In many cases, they were associated with the British Empire: There are important ones in  India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. They can also be found in many of the bigger American cities.

Gentlemen's clubs were made so that their members could spend time there, instead of being at home. Such a club typically contains a formal dining room, a bar, a library, a billiards room and one or more rooms for reading, gaming or socializing.  Many clubs also have  guest rooms and  fitness amenities. Some are associated mainly with sports and regularly hold other events such as formal dining.
Treaty of Greenville

The **Treaty of Greenville** or **Treaty with the Wyandots, etc.** (1795) was a treaty between the Natives people of the Northwest Territory and United States. The treaty was after the Northwest Indian Wars. Tribes that signed the treaty included Wyandot, Delaware, Shawnee, Ottawa, Chippewa, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Piankeshaw, Kickapoo, and Kaskaski<nowiki/>a. The treaty created new boundaries for American Indian territories. The treaty was signed after the Battle of Fallen Timbers.  Native territory was limited to northwestern Ohio. The Natives in the treaty were called the Western Confederacy.

## People

General Anthony Wayne was in charge of the treaty. Other Americans included William Wells, William Henry Harrison, William Clark, Caleb Swan, and Meriwether Lewis.

Native leaders and signers included Wyandot (chiefs Tarhe, Roundhead, and Leatherlips), Delaware (several bands). Shawnee (chiefs Blue Jacket and Black Hoof), Ottawa (several bands, including Egushawa), Chippewa, Potawatomi (23 signatories, including Gomo, Siggenauk, Black Partridge, Topinabee, and Five Medals), Miami (including Jean Baptiste Richardville, White Loon, and Little Turtle), Wea, Kickapoo, and Kaskaskia.

President George Washington signed the treaty and the United States Senate confirmed it.

## Terms

The treaty created the **Greenville Treaty Line**.  Natives had to give up all the land south and east of the line. Natives had to give up their land and the US government gave money and supplies to Natives each year. This supply had a value of $20,000. The treaty line followed rivers in Ohio and Indiana.

Natives had to leave forts that were along the Great Lakes. Native gave over important places like  Fort Wayne, Indiana; Lafayette, Indiana; Chicago; Peoria, Illinois; and Toledo, Ohio.

## Infobox (treaty)

- **name**: Treaty of Greenville
- **long name**: Treaty with the Wyandots, etc.
- **image**: Treaty of Greenville page1.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: First page of the Treaty of Greenville
- **context**: Northwest Indian War
- **location signed**: Fort Greenville
- **negotiators**: [United States
Western Confederacy
- **language**: English
- **wikisource**: Treaty of Greenville
Charles Michel de Langlade

**Charles Michel Mouet de Langlade** (9 May 1729 – after 26 July 1801) was a fur trader and war chief in the Great Lakes. His mother was Ottawa and his father was French Canadian. He was fluent in Ottawa and French. At different times, he was allied with the French, British and Americans. He is famous for leading a raid against the village Pickawillany. He destroyed the Miami town. He defended  Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh) against the British during the French and Indian War.  After the French lost, he allied with the British. He led Natives against Americans colonies during the American Revolution. He is known as the "father of Wisconsin".

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Charles Michel Mouet de Langlade
- **birth place**: Fort Michilimackinac, Pays d'en Haut, New France
- **death date**: Winter 1800–1801
- **death place**: Green Bay, Wisconsin, La Baye, Northwest Territory, USA
- **allegiance**: 1729–1761
 1761-1800/1801
- **branch**: Compagnies franches de la marine, French Marines
British Indian Department
- **serviceyears**: 1750–1761
1763–1800
- **rank**: Lieutenant (Marines) 1760
Captain (Indian Department) 1775
- **commands**: Commandant of Fort Michilimackinac, 1760–1761
- **battles**: Odawa#Raid on Pickawillany, Raid on Pickawillany
Seven Years' War
 American Revolutionary War
Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria

**Archduchess Marie Valerie Mathilde Amalie of Austria** (22 April 1868 – 6 September 1924) was the youngest child of Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria and Empress Elisabeth.

## Life

Marie Valerie was born on 22 April 1868 as the youngest daughter of Emperor Franz Josef I and Elisabeth of Bavaria. She was nicknamed “the Hungarian child”.
ADC Airdisco

The **ADC Airdisco** is a British V-8 airplane engine that was first used in 1925.

## Applications

- Avro 548A
- Cierva Parnall Gyroplane
- de Havilland DH.51
- Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5A
Petrobius artemisiae

***Petrobius artemisiae*** is a species of jumping bristletail. It is in the family Machilidae.
The Verve Pipe (album)

***The Verve Pipe*** is the third studio album by The Verve Pipe. The album was released on July 27, 1999.
You're Only Human (Second Wind)

"**You're Only Human (Second Wind)**" is a 1985 song by Billy Joel and is taken from the album _Greatest Hits - Volume I & Volume II_. It was a top ten hit in the United States and Australia. It deals with depression and suicide.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You're Only Human (Second Wind)
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Billy Joel
- **album**: Greatest Hits – Volume I & Volume II
- **b-side**: Surprises
- **released**: July 13, 1985
- **recorded**: June 1985
- **length**: 4:48 (album version)
4:21 (single version)
- **label**: Columbia Records, Columbia
- **writer**: Billy Joel
- **producer**: Phil Ramone
- **prev title**: Keeping the Faith (song), Keeping the Faith
- **prev year**: 1985
- **next title**: The Night Is Still Young (Billy Joel song), The Night Is Still Young
- **next year**: 1985
Two for the Seesaw

***Two for the Seesaw*** is a 1962 American romantic drama movie directed by Robert Wise and was based on the 1958 play of the same name. It stars Robert Mitchum, Shirley MacLaine, Edmon Ryan, Elisabeth Fraser, Eddie Firestone and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1963.
Pickawillany

**Pickawillany** (also spelled **Pickawillamy**, **Pickawillani**, or **Picqualinni**) was a Miami Indian Village in the 18th century. It was along the Great Miami River in the Ohio Valley. An English trading site was close to the village. Both British and French wanted the land in the Ohio Country. The Miami people stopped relations with French fur traders. The Miami Chief La Demoiselle sided with the British. Céloron de Blainville visited the town to convince La Demoiselle to be allies with the French. Pickawillany became one of the largest Native American communities east of the Mississippi River. The French raided the town several times. The French fur trader Charles Langlade led Native tribes against Pickawillany in 1752 and destroyed the town.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Pickawillany
- **native name**: _Pinkwaawileniaki_
- **etymology**: "ash people"
- **settlement type**: Historic Native American village
- **image map1**: OHMap-doton-Piqua.png
- **mapsize1**: 220px
- **map caption1**: Location of Pickawillany Village
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1747
- **established title2**: Demolished
- **established date2**: 21 June 1752
- **population est**: 400 families (1200–1600 people)
- **pop est as of**: 1750
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, State
- **subdivision name**: Ohio
- **subdivision type1**: Present-day community
- **subdivision name1**: Piqua, Ohio
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name2**: Miami County, Ohio, Miami
- **image map**: Ohio in United States.svg
Trick or Treat (1952 movie)

***Trick or Treat*** is a 1952 animated short movie. It was produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures.

## Voice cast

- Clarence Nash as Donald Duck, Huey, Dewey, and Louie
- June Foray as Hazel the Witch

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Trick or Treat
- **director**: Jack Hannah
- **producer**: Walt Disney
- **story**: Ralph Wright
- **starring**: June Foray
Clarence Nash
The Mellomen
- **music**: Paul Smith (composer), Paul J. Smith
- **animator**: Volus Jones
Bill Justice
George Kreisl
Don Lusk
Dan MacManus (effects)
- **layout artist**: Yale Gracey
- **background artist**: Yale Gracey
- **studio**: Walt Disney Animation Studios, Walt Disney Productions
- **distributor**: RKO Pictures, RKO Radio Pictures (original)
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, Buena Vista Distribution (reissue)
- **released**: (US)
- **color process**: Technicolor
- **runtime**: 9 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Judith Durham

**Judith Durham**  (born **Judith Mavis Cock**; 3 July 1943 – 5 August 2022) was an Australian singer, songwriter and musician. She became the lead singer of the Australian popular folk music group the Seekers in 1963. With the group, she performed songs such as "Georgy Girl", "I'll Never Find Another You", "The Carnival Is Over" and "A World of Our Own". In 1967, the Seekers were named Australians of the Year, the only group to be awarded this honour. Durham left the group in 1968. In 2015, she was named Victorian of the Year for services to music.

Durham was born in Essendon, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. In 1969, she married British pianist Ron Edgeworth in Melbourne. Edgeworth died in 1994.

Durham died of bronchiectasis on 5 August 2022 in Prahan, Melbourne. She was 79.
Ottawa (disambiguation)

**Ottawa** is the capital city of Canada.

**Ottawa** can also mean:

### Canada

- Ottawa (City of) (electoral district), a historical electoral district in Ontario
- Ottawa (County of) (electoral district), a historical electoral district in Quebec
- Ottawa (Ontario provincial electoral district), an electoral district from 1867 to 1908
- Ottawa (Quebec provincial electoral district), an electoral district from 1867 to 1919
- Ottawa Islands, islands on the east coast of the Hudson Bay
- Ottawa River, in Ontario and Quebec

### United States

- Ottawa, Illinois, a city
- Ottawa, Kansas, a city
- Ottawa, Minnesota, an unincorporated community
- Ottawa, Ohio, a village
- Ottawa, Oklahoma, an unincorporated community
- Ottawa, Wisconsin, a town
    - Ottawa (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
- Ottawa River (Lake Erie), in Michigan and Ohio in the United States, which drains into Lake Erie
- Ottawa River (Auglaize River tributary), in Ohio, United States

### Elsewhere

- Ottawa, Ivory Coast, a village
- Ottawa, KwaZulu-Natal, a suburb of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

## Ships

- HMCS _Ottawa_ (H60), a C-class destroyer that served with the Royal Canadian Navy from 1938 to 1942
- HMCS _Ottawa_ (H31), a G-class destroyer that served with the Royal Canadian Navyfrom 1943 to 1945
- HMCS _Ottawa_ (DDH 229), a St. Laurent-class destroyer that served in the Royal Canadian Navy from 1956 to 1992
- HMCS _Ottawa_ (FFH 341), a Halifax-class frigate commissioned in 1996
- SS _Ottawa_, a steamship that was once the SS _Germanic_
- _Ottawa_ (shipwreck), a tugboat that sank in Lake Superior
- _Ottawa_, a tanker built in 1964 by Swan Hunter

## Other uses

- Government of Canada
- Odawa or Ottawa, a First Nation/Native American ethnic group
    - Ottawa dialect, their language
- Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe in the United States
Egushawa

**Egushawa** (c. 1726 – March 1796), also spelled **Egouch-e-ouay**, **Agushaway**, **Agashawa**, **Gushgushagwa**, **Negushwa** was a Native American war chief of the Ottawa tribe. His name means "The Gatherer" or "Brings Together". He was the chief after Pontiac. He supported the British during the American Revolution. He was against the Treaty of Paris that gave Native lands to Americans. He was a very important leader during the Northwest Indian War. He was in battles like St. Claire's defeat and the Battle of Fallen Timbers. He got a serious injury at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. He signed the Treaty of Greenville with other Native leaders.
Central Bank of Argentina

The **Central Bank of the Argentine Republic** () is the governing body of the financial system of the Argentine Republic, in charge of the country's monetary policy.

The Organic Charter that governs the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic (Law 24,144) defines in its article 1 the central bank as an autarchic entity of the national State.

In article 3, it lists the objectives of this Institution: "The bank's purpose is to promote, to the extent of its powers and within the framework of the policies established by the national government, monetary stability, financial stability, employment and economic development with social equity.”

Monetary stability is the primary objective of the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic. The central focus of this Institution is to strengthen the Argentine peso, achieving inflation in line with its objectives established in the Monetary Plan. In turn, financial stability will be the way through which the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic will be able to contribute to the ultimate goal of its mission: economic development with social equity.

## Infobox (central bank)

- **bank name**: Central Bank of the Argentine Republic
- **bank name in local**: Banco Central de la República Argentina
- **logo**: BCRA_logo.svg
- **image**: Banco Central Argentina.jpg
- **ownership**: 100% state ownership
- **reserves**: 20,570 million USD
- **headquarters**: Buenos Aires
- **president**: Santiago Bausili
- **leader title**: President
- **bank of**: Argentina
- **currency**: Argentine peso
- **currency iso**: ARS
- **borrowing rate**: 48%
One Thing Leads to Another

"**One Thing Leads to Another**" is a 1983 single by English new wave band the Fixx and taken from their album Reach the Beach. It is their best known song where it went to number 4 in the United States and topped the charts in Canada.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: One Thing Leads to Another
- **type**: single
- **artist**: the Fixx
- **album**: Reach the Beach
- **released**: 9 August 1982 (UK); September 6, 1983 (US)
- **genre**: New wave music, New wave, dance-rock, funk rock, art rock
- **label**: MCA Records, MCA
- **producer**: Rupert Hine
- **prev title**: Saved by Zero
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next title**: The Sign of Fire
- **next year**: 1983
Fritillaria pallidiflora

The **Pale-flowered Lily**, **Turanian fritillary**  or the **Uyghür Aigul** _(Fritillaria pallidiflora)_ is an Asian species of bulbous flowering plant in the lily family Liliaceae, native to East Turkestan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.

The Latin specific epithet _pallidiflora_ means “pale flowered”. Although the common name frequently used is **Siberian fritillary,** a misnomer because the species does not grow in the wild in Siberia.
Georgia national futsal team

The **Georgia national futsal team** is controlled by Georgian Football Federation and they are yet to feature at the FIFA Futsal World Cup.

### FIFA Futsal World Cup

|colspan=8|FIFA Futsal World Cup record|width=1% rowspan=13||colspan=7|Qualification record||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1989|_Did Not Enter_|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|
|1992|-|-|-|-|-|-|-||
|1996|_Did Not Qualify_|Group B 6th place|5|1|0|4|21|37|
|2000|Group D 4th place|4|1|1|2|17|21||
|2004|Group 1 3rd place|3|1|0|2|9|16||
|2008|Group 3 3rd place|2|0|0|2|2|21||
|2012|Group A runner up|3|1|2|0|14|4||
|2016|Group A runner up|3|2|1|0|20|4||
|2021|Group 1 3rd place|6|4|0|2|25|13||

### UEFA European Futsal Championship

|colspan=8|UEFA Futsal Euro record|width=1% rowspan=15||colspan=7|Qualification record||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1996|_Did Not Qualify_|Group B 6th place|5|1|0|4|21|37|
|1999|Group F runner up|3|2|0|1|15|13||
|2001|Group G 3rd place|2|0|0|2|3|17||
|2003|Group E 4th place|3|0|1|2|3|17||
|2005|Group E 4th place|3|0|0|3|7|27||
|2007|Group C 3rd place|3|1|0|2|7|10||
|2010|Group 4 3rd place|6|3|0|3|11|18||
|2012|Group C runner up|3|2|0|1|13|2||
|2014|Group 6 3rd place|5|2|1|2|23|20||
|2016|Group 7 4th place|6|2|1|3|16|21||
|2018|Play-offs|8|3|4|1|30|16||
|2022|_Qualified_|Group 2 runner up|9|6|1|2|33|19|

## Infobox (national futsal team)

- **name**: Georgia
- **badge size**: 130px
- **fifa trigramme**: GEO
- **nickname**: ჯვაროსნები
 _Jvarosnebi_ (Crusaders)
- **association**: Georgian Football Federation
- **confederation**: UEFA (Europe)
- **coach**: Avtandil Asatiani
- **home stadium**: Tbilisi Sports Palace
- **fifa rank**: 24
- **pattern la1**: _adidascondivo21wb
- **pattern b1**: _adidascondivo21wb
- **pattern ra1**: _adidascondivo21wb
- **pattern sh1**: _adidas white logo
- **pattern so1**: _adidasfootball3blackstripes
- **leftarm1**: FFFFFF
- **body1**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm1**: FFFFFF
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la2**: _adidascondivo21rw
- **pattern b2**: _adidascondivo21rw
- **pattern ra2**: _adidascondivo21rw
- **pattern sh2**: _adidas black logo
- **pattern so2**: _adidasfootball3whitestripes
- **leftarm2**: FF0000
- **body2**: FF0000
- **rightarm2**: FF0000
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **socks2**: FF0000
- **world cup apps**: 0
- **regional name**: UEFA Futsal Championship
- **regional cup apps**: 1
- **first game**: 3–1 Georgia
 (Turin, Italy; October 23, 1995)
- **largest win**: 15–1
 (Chișinău, Moldova; October 22, 2015)
- **largest loss**: 18–1 Georgia
 (Altura (Castro Marim), Altura, Portugal; July 4, 2008)
Steppe buzzard

The **Steppe buzzard**  (_Buteo buteo vulpinus_) is a bird of prey, very widespread in the Old World. It lives in most of Central Asia, and other Turanian regions. It breeds as far as the northern Caucacus, northern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, much of Russia to Altai and south-central Siberia, Tien Shan in China and western Mongolia. _B. b. vulpinus_ is a long-distance migrant. It winters largely in much of eastern and southern Africa. Less frequently and often very discontinuously, steppe buzzards winter in the southern peninsulas of Europe, Arabia and southwestern India in addition to some parts of southeastern Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. In the open country favoured on the wintering grounds, steppe buzzards are often seen perched on roadside telephone poles.

Within Turkistan it is the **National bird of East Turkestan**. Steppe Buzzard is also a native of eastern Finland, whereas in western Finland Common Buzzard(Buteo Buteo) is the dominating species.
Nuclear binding energy

**Nuclear binding energy** is the energy needed to break an atomic nucleus into protons and neutrons and place them at a distance where they never meet each other. Atoms with higher binding energy are more stable, because you would have to add more energy to break them.

Protons and neutrons are attracted to each other by the _nuclear force_. This is a form of the _strong interaction_ that acts over a longer distance than usual. Together, protons and neutrons are called _nucleons_.

The binding energy per nucleon is the binding energy of an atom, divided by its number of protons and neutrons. Iron-56 has the highest binding energy per nucleon. This makes it the most stable isotope of any element. Both smaller and larger atoms may eventually move towards Iron-56 by gaining or losing nucleons.

The term _nuclear binding energy_ can be confusing. An atom with a higher nuclear binding energy _does not_ have more energy stored in its nucleus. Actually, atoms with more binding energy have _less_ energy stored inside.

Energy from atoms can be released by nuclear fission or nuclear fusion. It can be used in nuclear power or nuclear weapons.
Wild Bactrian camel

The **Wild Bactrian camel** (_Camelus ferus_) is a critically endangered species of camel living in East Turkestan and southwestern Mongolia. It is closely related to the Bactrian camel (_Camelus bactrianus_). Both are large, double-humped even-toed ungulates native to the steppes of central Asia. Until recently, wild Bactrian camels were thought to have descended from domesticated Bactrian camels that became feral after being released into the wild. However, genetic studies have established it as a separate species that diverged from the Bactrian camel about 1.1 million years ago.

## Distribution

Currently, only about 1,000 wild Bactrian camels are living in the wild. Most live on the Lop Nur Wild Camel National Nature Reserve near the border with China proper to the East.
Don't Grieve

***Don't Grieve*** (; ) is a 1969 Georgian comedy-drama movie directed by Georgiy Daneliya and was based on the novel _My Uncle Benjamen_ by Claude Tillier. It stars Sergo Zakariadze, Vakhtang Kikabidze, Sofiko Chiaureli, Gogi Kavtaradze, Zurab Kapianidze.
ADC Cirrus

The **ADC Cirrus** is a British airplane engine named the Aircraft Disposal Company (ADC) in the 1920s.

## Variants

- Cirrus I
- (1925)
- Cirrus II
- (1926)
- Cirrus III
- (1929)

### Cirrus I

- Avro Avian
- Avro Baby
- de Havilland DH.60 Moth
- Short Mussel
- Westland Widgeon

### Cirrus II

- Avro Avian
- de Havilland DH.60 Moth
- de Havilland DH.71 Tiger Moth
- Piaggio P.9
- Short Mussel
- Westland Widgeon
- Bloudek XV Lojze

### Cirrus III

- Avro Avian
- Blackburn Bluebird
- Cierva C.17
- de Havilland DH.60 Moth
- de Havilland DH.71 Tiger Moth
- Dudley Watt D.W.2Emsco B-4 Cirrus
- Koolhoven FK.41
- Klemm L.26
- Klemm L.27
- Short Mussel
- Simmonds Spartan
- Spartan Arrow
- Westland Wessex
- Westland Widgeon
You Better Run

"**You Better Run**" is a 1966 single by the Young Rascals and went to the top 20 in the United States and was covered by Pat Benatar in 1980.

## Pat Benatar version

Pat Benatar recorded "You Better Run" for her second album, _Crimes of Passion_ (1980). The song was released as the album's lead single, with "Out-A-Touch" as the B-side.  It peaked at number 42 on the U.S. _Billboard_ Hot 100 chart and number 44 on the _Cash Box_ Top 100.
The song appeared on the soundtrack to the 1980 movie _Roadie_.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You Better Run
- **caption**: U.S. single picture sleeve
- **type**: single
- **artist**: The Rascals, the Young Rascals
- **album**: Groovin' (The Young Rascals album), Groovin'
- **b-side**: Love Is a Beautiful Thing
- **studio**: A & R Recording, A&R Studios, New York City, New York
- **genre**: *Rhythm and blues
*blue-eyed soul
- **label**: Atlantic Records, Atlantic
- **writer**: *Eddie Brigati
*Felix Cavaliere
- **producer**: *The Young Rascals
*Arif Mardin
*Tom Dowd
- **prev title**: Good Lovin' (The Young Rascals song), Good Lovin'
- **prev year**: 1966
- **next title**: Come on Up
- **next year**: 1966


## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You Better Run
- **caption**: German single picture sleeve
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Pat Benatar
- **album**: Crimes of Passion (Pat Benatar album), Crimes of Passion
- **b-side**: Out-A-Touch
- **genre**: Hard rock
- **label**: Chrysalis Records, Chrysalis
- **writer**: *Eddie Brigati
*Felix Cavaliere
- **producer**: Keith Olsen
- **prev title**: Rated X
- **prev year**: 1980
- **next title**: Hit Me with Your Best Shot
- **next year**: 1980
Isaac Loader (Sheriff of Kent)

**Isaac Loader** (died 10 September 1715) was High Sheriff of Kent in the year 1701.

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Isaac Loader
- **title**: High Sheriff of Kent
- **reign**: 1701
- **death date**: 10 September 1715
- **death place**: Deptford, Kent
 (now Deptford, London Borough of Lewisham)
- **predecessor**: William Woodgate
- **successor**: Bowyer Hendley
Markus Mader

**Markus Mader** (born 21 May 1968) is a former Austrian football player and manager of SC Austria Lustenau.

## Career

Mader played for different clubs in Vorarlberg. With IG Bregenz/Dornbirn he played in the Second League.

After the end of his player career he became manager of different clubs in Vorarlberg. In the 2017/18 season he became coach of FC Dornbirn in the Regionalliga.  They were promoted in 2019 to the Second League. In 2019–20 they finished 12th, and in 2020–21 they finished 7th. For the 2021–22 season he became coach of Austria Lustenau. They won the league and were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Markus Mader
- **currentclub**: SC Austria Lustenau (Manager)
- **years1**: - 1986
- **clubs1**: IG Bregenz/Dornbirn II
- **years2**: 1986–1987
- **clubs2**: IG Bregenz/Dornbirn
- **years3**: 1987–1990
- **clubs3**: Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz
- **years4**: 1990–1991
- **clubs4**: FC Hard
- **years5**: 1991
- **clubs5**: :de:FC Wolfurt
- **years6**: 1992–2002
- **clubs6**: FC Hard
- **years7**: 2002–2004
- **clubs7**: :de:SC Admira Dornbir, Admira Dornbirn
- **years8**: 2004–2006
- **clubs8**: FC Egg
- **years9**: 2013
- **clubs9**: FC Langenegg
- **manageryears1**: 2006–2008
- **managerclubs1**: FC Egg
- **manageryears2**: 2008–2009
- **managerclubs2**: :de:FC Blau-Weiß Feldkirch, Blau-Weiß Feldkirch
- **manageryears3**: 2010–2012
- **managerclubs3**: FC Hard
- **manageryears4**: 2012–2015
- **managerclubs4**: FC Langenegg
- **manageryears5**: 2015–2016
- **managerclubs5**: SC Hatlerdorf
- **manageryears6**: 2016–2017
- **managerclubs6**: :de:FC Schwarzach, Schwarzach
- **manageryears7**: 2017–2021
- **managerclubs7**: FC Dornbirn
- **manageryears8**: 2021–
- **managerclubs8**: SC Austria Lustenau
Terrance Drew

Dr. **Terrance Michael Drew** (born  November 22, 1976)  is the current prime minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis, since 2022.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Terrance Drew
- **image**: Terrance Drew 2022.jpg
- **caption**: Drew in 2022
- **office**: List of prime ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
Charles III
- **governor-general**: Tapley Seaton
- **term start**: 6 August 2022
- **predecessor**: Timothy Harris
- **birth name**: Terrance Michael Drew
- **birth place**: Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (now Saint Kitts and Nevis)
- **party**: Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party
Welcome to the Boomtown

**Welcome to the Boomtown** is a 1986 debut single by singers David & David and taken from their debut _Boomtown_. It went to number 27 in Australia.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Welcome to the Boomtown
- **type**: single
- **artist**: David & David
- **album**: Boomtown (David & David album), Boomtown
- **b-side**: A Rock for the Forgotten
- **released**: 1986
- **recorded**: 1985
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock
- **length**: 5:30
- **label**: A&M Records
- **writer**: David Baerwald
David Ricketts (musician), David Ricketts
- **producer**: Davitt Sigerson
- **next title**: Swallowed by the Cracks
- **next year**: 1987
Riviera

**Riviera** nay mean:

- The French Riviera (Côte d'Azur; Occitan: Còsta d'Azur) is on the Mediterranean coastline.
- Riviera District, Ticino, Switzerland.
- Italian Riviera
- _On the Riviera_ is a 1951 American musical comedy movie
- Cannero Riviera in the Italian region of Piedmont.
- Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut (district) in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
- Riviera Beach, Florida
- The Night Riviera is a sleeper train operated by First Great Western. It is one of only two sleeper trains on the railway in Great Britain
- La Riviera in Sacramento County, California.
- The Rivieras was a US rock and roll group.
Western chorus frog

The **western chorus frog**, **tree frog**, **chorus frog**, **swamp tree toad**, **swamp tree frog**, **swamp cricket frog**, **three-striped tree frog**, or **midland chorus frog** (_Pseudacris triseriata_) is a frog. It lives in North America.  It lives in Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Ohio in the United States, and a few live in Ontario in Canada.  Other sources say they also live in Labrador, Quebec, Newfoundland, Iowa, Kentucky, New York, Michigan, and Tennessee.

The adult frog is 10-37 mm long from nose to rear end.  They are gray to brown in color on the back and lighter on the belly.  Most of these frogs have three narrow, dark stripes down their bodies.  Some of them have rows of spots instead.  They have a white stripe on the upper lip.  They do not have webbed skin on their feet.

The female frog lays 500 to 1500 eggs, 20 to 60 per group of eggs.

This frog is good at living in places where humans have built buildings.
Thomas Bramall

**Tom Bramall** is an English association football referee from Manchester, England. His county FA is the Manchester Football Association. He is a Select Group 1 Referee and officiates primarily in the Premier League.

Bramall was a mathematics teacher at Outwood Academy Valley, before pursuing a career as a full-time referee.

## Infobox (football official)

- **name**: Tom Bramall
- **fullname**: Tom Bramall
- **birth place**: Manchester, England
- **years1**: 2021–
- **league1**: English Football League
- **role1**: Referee
- **years2**: 2022–
- **league2**: Premier League
- **role2**: Referee
Telefe Rosario

**Telefe Rosario** is an Argentine television station broadcasting on channel 5 from the city of Rosario, province of Santa Fe.

## Repeaters

- Channel 13 (Venado Tuerto)
- Channel 4 (Rufino)
- Channel 57 (Pergamino, Buenos Aires)
- Channel 68 (El Trébol)

## Infobox (television station)

- **callsign**: LT 84 TV Canal 5
- **logo**: Telefe Rosario (2018).png
- **branding**: Telefe Rosario
- **analog**: 5 (very high frequency, VHF)
- **digital**: 38
- **affiliations**: Telefe
- **founded**: 1964
- **location**: Rosario, Santa Fe, Rosario, Argentina
- **owner**: Paramount Global, Paramount Networks Americas
- **licensee**: Telefe, Televisión Federal S.A.
- **former affiliations**: Independent (1964-1989)
- **licensing authority**: ENACOM
Azerbaijan Technological University

**Azerbaijan Technological University** () is a public university, specialized in engineering, light industry, and food industry. It is in Ganja, Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1981 by the government of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The university has 3 faculties and 21 departments.

## Related pages

- List of universities in Baku

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Azerbaijan Technological University
- **native name**: Azərbaycan Texnologiya Universiteti
- **established**: 1981
- **type**: Public university
- **rector**: Akif Shamil oglu Suleymanov
- **city**: Ganja, Azerbaijan, Ganja
- **country**: Azerbaijan
- **campus**: Urban
- **address**: 103 Şah İsmayıl Xətai prospekti
Nuptial pad

A **nuptial pad** (also known as thumb pad, or nuptial excrescence) is a thick piece of flesh on the front feet of some frogs and salamanders.  Only adult male animals have this pad.

The nuptial pad is a gland.  It is a secondary sex characteristic.  The male animals use the nuptual pad to hold on to females when they mate, but it does not make or move sperm itself. Some animals use their nuptial pads to fight each other.

## Historical background

Austrian biologist Paul Kammerer looked at midwife toads' nuptial pads. He believed in Lamarckian evolution.  This means he thought that the male frogs' pads got bigger in their own lifetimes, and then they passed the big pads on to their young after that. But this is not how evolution truly works.

## Examples

Many amphibian species grow nuptial pads for mating.  For example, the rough-skinned newt (_Taricha granulosa_) does.
Hartley mammoth butcher site

The **Hartley mammoth butcher site** (also called the Hartley mammoth locality) is an archaeological and paleontological site on the Colorado Plateau in New Mexico.  Starting in 2013, bones of two mammoth<nowiki/>s were excavated by Timothy Rowe, a paleontologist from the University of Texas.  The bones were of a young female adult and a calf.  Rowe and his fellow researchers used various techniques to study the bones and the site. They found  "diagnostic evidence of diverse human activities including systematic, highly patterned bone breakage and secondary bone flake production, pyrogenic residues indicative of a controlled (domestic) fire, and utilization of regional vertebrate microfauna."     The same scientists used radiocarbon dating to determine how long ago the animals had lived.  They reported that they were from about 37,000 years ago (38,900–36,250 cal BP).

This site is important because, if the identification as a site with human activity and the dating are correct, it overturns the idea held by many archaeologists that the first people in the Americas belonged to the Clovis culture, which is dated to about 13,000 years ago.

## Further reading

- "THE DYNAMIC GEOMORPHIC SETTING OF THE LATE PLEISTOCENE HARTLEY MAMMOTH" by Jennifer K. Muus (unm.edu) https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/eps_etds/189/

## Related pages

- Settlement of the Americas
Chris Foy (referee)

**Christopher Foy** (born 20 November 1962) is an English retired professional football referee whose currently Head of Community and Public Engagement for PGMOL. Following his first appointment as an official in the Football League in 1994 and his promotion in 2001 to the list of Select Group Referees who officiate in the Premier League, He refereed a number of notable matches, including the FA Community Shield and the finals of the FA Cup, Football League Cup and FA Trophy.

In 2015 Foy retired to become a senior referees' coach for the PGMOL.

## Infobox (football official)

- **name**: Chris Foy
- **image**: Chris Foy.jpg
- **fullname**: Christopher Foy
- **birth place**: St Helens, Merseyside, St. Helens, Lancashire, England
- **otheroccupation**: Professional Game Match Officials Limited, PGMOL' Head of Community and Public Engagement
- **years1**: 1994–95
- **league1**: The Football League
- **role1**: Assistant referee (association football), Assistant referee
- **years2**: 1995–96
- **league2**: Premier League
- **role2**: Assistant referee
- **years3**: 1996–2001
- **league3**: The Football League
- **role3**: Referee (association football), Referee
- **years4**: 2001–2015
- **league4**: Premier League
- **role4**: Referee
- **internationalyears1**: 2002–07
- **confederation1**: FIFA listed
- **internationalrole1**: Referee
Turnover (food)

When talking about food, a **turnover** is a piece of dough which is folded so that it can contain a filling.  The turnover is usually baked in the oven, but sometimes it is fried. It can be sweet or salty. Turnovers are often sold as a form of convenience food.

A well-known type of turnover is the calzone, which was first seen in Naples in the 19th century.
Arvanites

The **Arvanites** (Arvanitika: ,  , ) are a bilingual Greek people speaking both the Greek language and a dialect of the Albanian language called _Arvanitika_. They moved from the regions of northern Epirus and central Albania to the Greek peninsula during the Middle Ages. The Arvanites settled as farmers and soldiers (_stradioti_) getting land as payment for their work. They were organized into clans called _fares_ (), or _sogia_ (Arvanitika: σόjτε), and their culture was Byzantine Greek. They fought in the Greek revolution of 1821 against the Ottoman Empire and its allies. The name _Arvanites_, or _Arnauts_, was also used to describe Greeks from Roumeli, Albanians, Bulgarians and Serbs who all served as bodyguards for royals.

In one of their songs, the Arvanites of Boeotia in central Greece sing of their homeland, Constantinople: "Τρε παμπόρἐ σκούαν ε βάνἐ νἐ Σταμπούλ νἐ βέντἐ τάνἐ" (transliteration: "Tre pampóre skoúan e báne ne Stampoúl ne bénte táne", "Three ships passed and are going to Constantinople to our lands"). According to Maria Michael-Dede, the song proves that the Arvanites are of Greek origin.

## Other websites

- Joshua Project: Arvanite in Greece

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Arvanites
- **native name**: , ,
- **languages**: Albanian (Arvanitika), Greek
- **image**: File:Apollon1.JPG
- **image caption**: Poem in Arvanitika and Greek honoring the wedding of Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna and Archduke Paul (1889).
- **population**: ** 150,000** (Arvanite-speakers)
- **related**: Other Albanian language, Albanian-speaking peoples
(most notably Tosk Albanians)
Canaan, Vermont

**Canaan** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Concord, Vermont

**Concord** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
East Haven, Vermont

**East Haven** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Granby, Vermont

**Granby** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Lemington, Vermont

**Lemington** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Lunenburg, Vermont

**Lunenburg** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Maidstone, Vermont

**Maidstone** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Victory, Vermont

**Victory** is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. The population of the town was 70 in the 2020 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town is 43.0 square miles in area (111.4 km<sup>2</sup>). 43.0  square miles (111.3 km<sup>2</sup>) is made up of land. 0.04 square miles (0.1 km<sup>2</sup>) (0.07%) is made up of water.

## Other websites

- Town of Victory

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Victory, Vermont
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: Essex County Vermont incorporated and unincorporated areas Victory highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Essex County, Vermont, Essex County and the state of Vermont.
- **image map1**: Map of USA VT.svg
- **mapsize1**: 195px
- **map caption1**: Location of Vermont with the U.S.A.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Vermont
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Vermont, County
- **subdivision name2**: Essex County, Vermont, Essex
- **parts type**: Communities
- **parts**: Victory
Gallup Mills
- **government type**: New England town
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 111.4
- **area land km2**: 111.3
- **area water km2**: 0.1
- **area total sq mi**: 43.0
- **area land sq mi**: 43.0
- **area water sq mi**: 0.0
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 70
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population blank1 title**: Households
- **population blank1**: 44
- **population blank2 title**: Families
- **population blank2**: 16
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 380
- **elevation ft**: 1247
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 05858
- **area code**: Area code 802, 802
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 50-75175
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1462236
Bakersfield, Vermont

**Bakersfield** is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Berkshire, Vermont

**Berkshire** is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Enosburgh, Vermont

**Enosburgh** is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Fairfax, Vermont

**Fairfax** is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Kashmir Koklass pheasant

The **Kashmir Koklass Pheasant** _(Pucrasia macrolopha biddulphi)_, although called a pheasant, is related to grouses and is only a distant relative to the pheasants. Grouses are actually birds from the order Galliformes, which are heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that include chicken and quail. In the monotypic genus Pucrasia, the Koklass Pheasant is the only species. Koklass is an adapted species that has been put into three different groups of species and again divided into subspecies. It is the only species in the genus Pucrasia to be divided into nine subspecies.

## Locations

It is found in a wide range from Asia, across Afghanistan to China. The range of the subspecies can be found at quite a distance from each other. The Koklass Pheasant is part of the few species related to galliforms that regularly fly uphill and can fly at a time for many miles. Galliform species are not normally known to fly. Koklass Pheasants look more similar to the grouses than a regular pheasant.

## Naming

Both the words Koklass and Pheasants from the name of Koklass Pheasants have been derived from the territorial call of the birds. The territorial call of the male is 'kok-kok-kok'.

## Appearance

The male Koklass Pheasant is usually black in colour with each feather on the body covered with a pale white border. The male is much larger than the female in size and also much colourful. The male has a metallic green face, head, throat, and crest. They have chestnut on the chest and breast and a streaked appearance to the body. A white cheek patch is found along with a rust throat, chest and belly. The backs of the body are mostly grey and the wings are brown and tan coloured. The male species have a black beak and dark grey legs. The female has a dark grey beak and the same dark grey legs. The female Koklass has a cream-brown body with dark markings, a cream-colored face, white cheeks, and a throat patch. The female has white tips on the outside tail feathers. The female Koklass Pheasants has a fairly dull body. Both the male and female have wedge-shaped tails. The chicks and the first-year adults look similar to the females. They only attain the dark male body coloration after they mature.

Within Pakistan it is the **State bird of Azad Kashmir**.

## Notes

.
Geranium clarkei

***Geranium clarkei***, called **Clarke's geranium**, **Kashmir Purple Geranium**, **Kashmir White** or the **Kashmir's Cranesbill** is a species of flowering plant in the family Geraniaceae, native to India and cultivated for use in gardens.

It is an herbaceous perennial growing to  in height, with deeply cut 7-lobed leaves and white or purple flowers with pink veining in summer. It spreads by underground rhizomes, and is used for groundcover or the front of a border. A rhizomatous hardy geranium that is native to alpine meadows in the mountains of Kashmir. It typically grows in a clump to 18" tall, spreading outward by creeping stems to 18" wide. Purple-violet or white, upward-facing flowers (to 3/4" diameter) with contrasting dark veins profusely bloom from late spring to early summer. Dark green leaves are deeply cut into 7 segments and form an attractive foliage mat.

Genus name comes from the Greek word _geranos_ meaning crane in reference to the fruit which purportedly resembles the head and beak of a crane.

**Kashmir White** is a large-flowered cultivar which typically grows in a clump to 18" tall, spreading outward by creeping stems to 18" wide, and features a profuse bloom of white, upward-facing flowers (to 2" diameter) with contrasting violet-pink veins.

Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Prefers moist, humusy, well-drained soils, particularly in hot summer climates. Intolerant of drought. Performs best in cool summer climates, and is intolerant of the heat and humidity of the deep South. Shear off spent flowers after bloom to encourage additional bloom or tidy the planting. In the alternative, plants may be left alone after flowering to promote self-seeding.

'Kashmir White' self-seeds in the garden in optimum growing conditions, but flower colour in particular does not reliably come true from seed.

Within Pakistan it is the **State flower of Azad Kashmir**.
What About Love

"**What About Love**" is a 1985 single by American hard rock group by Heart. It was taken from their 1985 self-titled album. It was a major comeback for the group. It went to the top 10 in Canada and the United States.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: What About Love
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Heart (band), Heart
- **album**: Heart (Heart album), Heart
- **b-side**: Heart of Darkness
- **released**: May 1985
- **genre**: Hard rock
- **length**: 3:41
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **producer**: Ron Nevison
- **prev title**: Allies (song), Allies
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next title**: Never (Heart song), Never
- **next year**: 1985
Breakcore

Breakcore is an electronic music genre. It is made of complex rhythms (called breakbeats) and it is usually played quick. The drums are often made from the Amen Break (an unique rhythm) or other breaks.

## Infobox (music genre)

- **name**: Breakcore
- **cultural origins**: 1990s, Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom
- **stylistic origins**: Drum and bass, Drum and Bass, Hardcore, Jungle
Union City Blue

"**Union City Blue**" is a 1979 song by American band Blondie and taken from their 1979 album _Eat to the Beat_. It peaked at number 13 in the United Kingdom and number 17 in Ireland and the song is inspired by Debbie Harry's acting experience in the 1980 movie _Union City_.

## Track listing

- UK 7" (Chrysalis CHS 2400)
1. "Union City Blue" (Nigel Harrison, Deborah Harry) – 3:18
1. "Living in the Real World" (Jimmy Destri) – 2:53

- UK 1995 Remix CD1 (7243 8 82466 2 0)
1. "Union City Blue" (Diddy's Power & Passion Edit) – 3:38
1. "Union City Blue" (Diddy's Power & Passion Mix) – 8:34
1. "Union City Blue" (Vinny Vero's Turquoise Mix) – 8:23
1. "Union City Blue" (Jammin Hot's I Can't Believe It's Not Diddy Mix) – 7:37
1. "Union City Blue" (Burger Queen Peroxide Power Mix) – 7:40

- UK 1995 Remix CD2 (7243 8 82467 2 9)
1. "Union City Blue" (Diddy's Power & Passion Edit) – 3:45
1. "I Feel Love" (Live) – 7:53
1. "Union City Blue" (The OPM Poppy Mix) – 8:48
1. "Union City Blue" (Original Version) – 3:18

- US 1995 Remix CD (7243 8 58474 2 4)
1. "Union City Blue" (Diddy's Remix Edit) – 3:38 *
1. "Union City Blue" (Original Single Version) – 3:18
1. "Union City Blue" (Vinny Vero's Turquoise Mix) – 8:23
1. "Union City Blue" (Burger Queen Peroxide Power Mix) – 7:40
1. "Union City Blue" (OPM Poppy Mix) – 8:48
1. "Union City Blue" (Diddy's Power & Passion Mix) – 8:34
1. "I Feel Love" (Live) – 7:53

- <small>* Identical to the UK _Diddy's Power & Passion Edit_ mix.</small>

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Union City Blue
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Blondie (band), Blondie
- **album**: Eat to the Beat
- **released**: November 23, 1979
- **recorded**: 1979
- **length**: 3:23
- **label**: Chrysalis Records, Chrysalis (UK)
- **producer**: Mike Chapman
- **prev title**: Dreaming (Blondie song), Dreaming
- **prev year**: 1979
- **next title**: The Hardest Part (Blondie song), The Hardest Part
- **next year**: 1980
Union of the Crowns

The **Union of the Crowns** (; ) was the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of the Kingdom of England as James I. It is also the consequential unification for some purposes (such as overseas diplomacy) of the two realms under a single monarch on 24 March 1603.

In its turn, the English Parliament responded with the Alien Act 1705. This threatened to impose economic sanctions and declare Scottish subjects aliens in England, unless Scotland either repealed the Act of Security or moved to unite with England. The Estates chose the latter option; the English Parliament agreed to repeal the Alien Act, and new commissioners were appointed by Queen Anne I in early 1706 to negotiate the terms of a union. The articles of union approved by the commissioners were presented to Anne on 23 July 1706. Then it was ratified by the Scottish and English Parliaments on 16 January and 6 March 1707, respectively. Under the Acts of Union, England and Scotland were united into a single kingdom called Great Britain, with one parliament, on 1 May 1707.

## Related pages

- Commonwealth realm
- Imperial Federation
The Bear and the Doll

***The Bear and the Doll*** () is a 1970 French romantic comedy movie directed by Michel Deville and starring Brigitte Bardot, Jean-Pierre Cassel, Daniel Ceccaldi, Julien Verdier, Sabine Haudepin. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites

- _The Bear and the Doll_ at Premiere France