juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Kazuyo Sejima

is a Japanese architect and university professor at Tama Art University and Keio University in Tokyo. Sejima won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2010.

## Career

Sejima worked in the design office of Toyo Ito.

In 1987, she started her own company, Kazuyo Sejima and Associates in 1987.

In 1995, she started a partnership with Ryūe Nishizawa in Tokyo.  It was called SANAA.

In 2005-2008, she was a visiting professor at the School of Architecture at Princeton University, in Princeton, New Jersey.

In 2010, Sejima became Director of the Architecture Sector for the Venice Biennale. She organized the 12th Annual International Architecture Exhibition. She is the first woman to be in that position.

## Projects

- _This table is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it._

|Name||City||State/Country||Completed||Other Information||Image|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Platform I|Katsura|Chiba, Japan|1988||||||||
|Platform II|Kitagoma|Yamanashi, Japan|1990||||||||
|Castelbajac Sports Store||Kanagawa, Japan|1991||||||||
|Saishunkan Seiyaku Women's Dormitory|Kumamoto|Kumamoto, Japan|1991||||||||
|Pachinko Parlor I|Hitachi|Ibaraki, Japan|1993||||||||
|Pachinko Parlor II|Naka|Ibaraki, Japan|1993||||||||
|Police Box at Chofu Station||Tokyo, Japan|1994||||||||
|Villa in the Forest|Chino|Nagano, Japan|1994||||||||
|Gifu Kitagata Apartment Building|Gifu|Gifu, Japan|1998||||||||
|U-Office Building|Ushiku|Ibaraki, Japan|1998||||||||
|HHStyle.com Store||Tokyo, Japan|2000||||||||
|Asahi Shimbun Yamagata Office Building,||Yamagata, Japan|2003||||||||
|House in a Plum Grove,||Tokyo, Japan|2003||||||||
|Onishi Civic Center,|Onishi|Gunma, Japan|2005||||||||
|De Kunstlinie Theater and Cultural Center,|Almere|Netherlands|2007||||||||

### Unbuilt

- Platform III House, Tokyo, Japan, 1990
- Nasumoahara Harmony Hall, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, 1991
- Service Center at the Tokyo Expo 96, Tokyo, Japan, 1995
- Yokohama International Port Terminal, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, 1994

## Honors

- Venice Biennale Golden Lion, 2004.
- Pritzker Prize, 2010.
- Thomas Jefferson Foundation Medal, 2019

## Other websites

- SANAA website
- Vernissage.tv, "SANAA: Works 1998-2008 New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York"

## Infobox (architect)

- **image**: Kazuyo Sejima mg 4973-small.jpg
- **image size**: 140
- **name**: Kazuyo Sejima
- **nationality**: Japanese
- **birth place**: Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
- **alma mater**: Japan Women's University
- **awards**: Schelling Architekturpreis 2000
 Rolf Schock Prize 2005
 Pritzker Architecture Prize, Pritzker Prize 2010
Sanaa (disambiguation)

**Sanaa** may mean:
- Sana'a, the capital of Yemen
- SANAA, a Japanese architecture company

## People with the name

- Sanaa Benhama, Moroccan athlete
- Sanaa Hamri, Moroccan music and film director
- Sanaa Lathan, American actress
SANAA

- _The article about the capital of Yemen is at Sana'a_

**SANAA** is an architecture partnership in Tokyo. SANAA won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2010.

## History

Kazuyo Sejima and Ryūe Nishizawa started the design office in 1995.

## List of projects

- 1995-1996 — Multimedia Studio, Gifu, Japan
- 1995-1997 — N Museum, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan
- 1995-1999 — O Museum, Nagano Prefecture, Japan
- 1995-1996 — S House, Okayama Prefecture, Japan
- 1996-1997 — M House, Tokyo, Japan
- 1996-1997 — K Office Building, Ibaraki, Japan
- 1997-1998 — Koga Park Café, Ibaraki, Japan
- 1997 — Welfare Center, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
- 1999-2004 — 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- 2000 — Prada Beauty Store, Arezzo, Italy
- 2000 — Japan Pavilion at the Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy
- 2001-2003 — Dior Omotesando Store, Tokyo, Japan
- 2001-2006 — Glass Pavilion at the Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio
- 2003 — Issey Miyake Store, Tokyo, Japan
- 2003-2006 — Zollverein School of Design, Essen, Germany
- 2003-2006 —  Naoshima Ferry Terminal, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan
- 2003-2007 — New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York City, New York
- 2009 — Serpentine Gallery, London, England
- 2004-2010 — Rolex Learning Center at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

### Unbuilt

- 1997-1999 — Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, Australia
- 1998 — Campus Center of the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
- 2002 — Mercedes Benz Museum, Stuttgart, Germany
- 2002 — Extension to the Rietberg Museum, Zurich, Switzerland

## Awards and exhibits

- "City of Girls" in the Japanese Pavilion at the 2000 Venice Biennale
- Garden Cafe at the 7th International Istanbul Biennale, Istanbul, Turkey
- Zumtobel Staff-Lichtforum, Vienna, Austria
- Institut Valencia d'Art Modern, Valencia, Spain
- Zeche Zollverein, Essen, Germany
- Gallery MA, Tokyo, Japan
- N-museum, Wakayama, Japan
- New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York
- Venice Biennale Golden Lion, 2004.
- 46th Mainichi Shinbun Arts Award (Architecture Category), 2005
- Schock Prize in the visual arts, 2005
- Pritzker Prize in 2010

## Other websites

- SANAA website
- Verissage.tv, SANAA: Works 1998-2008 New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York
Notoceratops

***Notoceratops*** (meaning "southern horned face") was a ceratopsian dinosaur known only from a late Cretaceous jaw bone. _Notoceratops_ walked on four sturdy legs, had a large head, a bulky body, a parrot-like beak, cheek teeth, and a small frill on its head.

## Discovery

Notoceratops was named by Augusto Tapia in 1918 from a partial lower jaw found in Chubut, Argentina. This original _Notoceratops bonarelli_ is missing and there is some doubt as to whether or not this fossil was actually a ceratopsian.
Kumamoto Prefecture

is a prefecture in the Kyūshū region of Japan on the island of Kyushu.  The capital city is Kumamoto.

## History

The area of Higo Province was renamed Kumamoto during the Meiji Restoration.

### Timeline

- **1607-1614** (_Keichō 12-19_): Kumamoto Castle, construction lasted 7 years
- **December 1637** (_Kan'ei 14_): Shimabara Rebellion
- **May 21, 1792** (_Kansei 4, 1st day of the 4th month_): Earthquake centered at Mount Unzen caused tsunami which hit Higo

## Geography

Kumamoto Prefecture is in the middle of Kyūshū  The western border of Kumamoto is the Ariake Sea and the Amakusa Islands.  Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture are in the north. Miyazaki Prefecture is in the east. Kagoshima Prefecture is in the south.

Mount Aso (1592 m) is an active volcano in the eastern part of the prefecture.

### National Parks

National Parks are established in about 21% of the total land area of the prefecture, including
- Aso Kujū National Park

## Shrines and Temples

_Aso-jinja_ is the chief Shinto shrine (_ichinomiya_) in the prefecture.

## Related pages

- Provinces of Japan
- Prefectures of Japan
- List of regions of Japan
- List of islands of Japan
- Roasso Kumamoto

## Other websites

- http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/english/list.html , [http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/ ]

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kumamoto
- **native name**: 熊本県
- **native name lang**: ja
- **settlement type**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **translit lang1**: Japanese
- **translit lang1 type**: Romaji
- **translit lang1 info**: Kumamoto-ken
- **image flag**: Flag of Kumamoto Prefecture.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Kumamoto Prefecture.svg
- **seal type**: Symbol
- **image map**: Map_of_Japan_with_highlight_on_43_Kumamoto_prefecture.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Kumamoto in Japan
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Kyūshū region, Kyushu (_Saikaidō_)
- **subdivision type2**: Island
- **subdivision name2**: Kyushu
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Kumamoto
- **leader title**: Governor
- **leader name**: Takashi Kimura
- **area total km2**: 7,404.14
- **area rank**: 16th
- **population as of**: May 1, 2011
- **population total**: 1,812,255
- **population rank**: 23rd
- **population density km2**: auto
- **iso code**: JP-43
- **blank name sec1**: Prefectural flower
- **blank info sec1**: Gentian (_Gentiana scabra_ var. _buergeri_)
- **blank1 name sec1**: Prefectural tree
- **blank1 info sec1**: Camphor tree (_Cinnamomum camphora_)
- **blank2 name sec1**: Prefectural bird
- **blank2 info sec1**: Eurasian Skylark (_Alauda arvensis_)
- **blank3 name sec1**: Prefectural bird
- **blank name sec2**: Number of districts
- **blank info sec2**: 9
- **blank1 name sec2**: Number of municipalities
- **blank1 info sec2**: 45
- **website**: [http://www.pref.kumamoto.jp/english/list.html www.pref.kumamoto.jp/
english/list.html]
Christian Mortensen

**Thomas Peter Thorvald Kristian Ferdinand Mortensen** (August 16, 1882 – April 25, 1998), known as an adult as **Christian Mortensen**, was a Danish-born American supercentenarian who lived to age 115 years and 252 days, and was believed to be the second-oldest man in history, after Japanese Shigechiyo Izumi (claimed to be born June 29, 1865 but was most likely born in 1880) who died on February 21, 1986 at the claimed age of 120 years, 237 days. However, Izumi's claimed record was officially debunked in 2012, and later in 2023 even the claimed age record of American Mathew Beard (claimed to be born 9 July 1870) who died almost exactly one year before Izumi at the claimed age of 114 years, 222 days, and Mortensen is therefore verified to have been the first man who lived to age 114 as well as the only man who lived to age 115 before Emiliano Mercado del Toro's 115th birthday on August 21, 2006, and the oldest man in history until December 27, 2012 when his record was broken by Japanese Jiroemon Kimura.

Mortensen was baptised in Fruering Church on December 26, 1882. Besides his baptismal record, other records include the 1890 and 1901 census enumerations in Denmark, and church confirmation in 1896. He was the world's oldest validated living man between January 20, 1994 and April 25, 1998.

## Related pages

- List of American supercentenarians
Violante Beatrice of Bavaria

**Violante Beatrice of Bavaria** (23 January 1673 – 30 May 1731) was the wife of the Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, the heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

She was the youngest child of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Henrietta Adelaide of Savoy and was a sister to Louis XIV's daughter-in-law.

She married Ferdinando de' Medici on 9 January 1689 and became known as the Grand Princess of Tuscany. Her husband died on 31 October 1713 and she did not have any children. She was put in charge of Siena in 1717 and died in 1731.

## Titles and styles

- 23 January 1673 – 9 January 1689: _Her Serene Highness_ Princess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, Duchess of Bavaria
- 9 January 1689 – 5 February 1691: _Her Highness_ The Grand Princess of Tuscany
- 5 February 1691 – 31 October 1713: _Her Royal Highness_ The Grand Princess of Tuscany
- 31 October 1713 – 12 April 1717: _Her Royal Highness_ The Dowager Grand Princess of Tuscany
- 12 April 1717 – 30 May 1731: _Her Royal Highness_ The Governor of Siena
Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria

**Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria** (28 November 1660 – 20 April 1690) was the wife of Louis, the Grand Dauphin. She had three sons including the father of Louis XV of France and a King of Spain. In France she was known as **Dauphine Marie Anne Victoire**. She was a sister of the Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, the last Medici Grand Princess of Tuscany. At court she was known simply as _Madame la Dauphine_.

She was a daughter of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Henrietta Adelaide of Savoy.

## Children

1. Louis of France, Duke of Burgundy (16 August 1682 – 18 February 1712), _Duke of Burgundy_ and later _Dauphin of France_; married second cousin Maria Adelaide of Savoy and had the future Louis XV of France;
1. Philippe of France (19 December 1683 –  9 July 1746), "Duke of Anjou", (later King of Spain); became King of Spain in 1700; married second cousin Maria Luisa of Savoy and had issue; married again Elisabeth Farnese and had further children such as a future Dauphine of France;
1. Charles of France, Duke of Berry (31 July 1686 – 5 May 1714); married his first cousin Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans and had children but none survived over a year.

Through her first two sons she is an ancestor of the present King of Spain as well as the present Grand Duke of Luxembourg.

### Titles and styles

- **28 November 1660 – 7 March 1680** _Her Serene Highness_ Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
- **7 March 1680 – 20 April 1690** _Her Royal Highness_ the Dauphine of France (Son Altesse royale, "Madame la Dauphine".)

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
- **full name**: Maria Anna Christine Victoria
- **title**: Dauphine of France
- **image**: Duchess Maria Anna Christina Victoria of Bavaria, 'la Grande Dauphine'..jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Portrait of Maria Anna Victoria painted after her death holding the coronet of a Dauphine by François de Troy
- **birth place**: Munich, Bavaria
- **death place**: Palace of Versailles, France
- **spouse**: Louis, Dauphin of France (1661–1711), Louis, Dauphin of France
- **issue**: Louis, Duke of Burgundy (1682–1712), Louis, Dauphin of France
Philip V of Spain, Philip V, King of Spain
Charles, Duke of Berry
- **house**: House of Bourbon
House of Wittelsbach
- **father**: Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
- **mother**: Henriette Adelaide of Savoy
- **burial place**: Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, France
Geometric abstraction

**Geometric abstraction** is a form of abstract art based on the use of geometric forms in non-representational compositions. This art is not meant to depict our everyday visual world, but instead uses the shapes of basic geometry.

Wassily Kandinsky, one of the forerunners of pure non-objective painting, was among the first modern artists to explore this geometric approach in his abstract work. Other examples of pioneer abstractionists such as Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian have also embraced this approach towards abstract painting.

Geometric abstraction is not just an invention of 20th century avant-garde artists or movements. It is present in many cultures throughout history both as decorative motifs and as art pieces themselves.

Islamic art, in its prohibition of depicting religious figures, is a prime example of this geometric pattern-based art. It existed centuries before the modern movement in Europe, and in many ways influenced this Western school. Geometric patterns were often used in the architecture of Islamic civilisations from the 7th century-20th century, to visually connect spirituality with science and art.

Abstract art has also historically been likened to music in its ability to convey emotional or expressive feelings and ideas without reliance upon or reference to recognizable objective forms already existent in reality. Wassily Kandinsky has discussed this connection between music and painting, as well as how the practice of classical composition had influenced his work, at length in his seminal essay _Concerning the Spiritual in Art_.

Expressionist abstract painting, as practiced by artists such as Jackson Pollock, is the opposite of geometric abstraction.

Artists who have worked extensively in geometric abstraction include Josef Albers, Theo van Doesburg, Wassily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich, Piet Mondrian, Barnett Newman, Kenneth Noland, Bridget Riley, Alexander Rodchenko, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, among others.

## Related pages

- Suprematism
- Constructivism
- Abstract art

## Other websites

- Geometric Arts
- Easy Abstract Painting
Josef Albers

**Josef Albers** (March 19, 1888 – March 25, 1976) was a German-born American artist and educator. His work in Europe and the United States was highly influential and far-reaching. His ideas formed the basis of many art education programs in the 20th century.

## Life

Albers was born in Bottrop, Westphalia, Germany. He studied art in Berlin, Essen, and Munich, before enrolling as a student at the prestigious Weimar Bauhaus in 1920. He began teaching in the preliminary course of the Department of Design in 1922, and was promoted to Professor in 1925, the year the Bauhaus moved to Dessau. His work at this time included designing furniture and working with glass.

With the closure of the Bauhaus under Nazi pressure in 1933, Albers emigrated to the United States. In 1950 Albers was appointed head of the Department of Design at Yale University. In 1963 he published _Interaction of color_ which presented his theory that colors were governed by an internal and deceptive logic. A key idea, which he proved by examples, was that our perception of color is not constant. It is influenced by the juxtaposition (placing together) of one color with another. This interested artists interested in optical illusions (Op art).

Albers is best remembered for his work as an abstract painter and theorist. Most famous of all are the hundreds of paintings and prints that make up the series _Homage to the Square_. In this rigorous series, begun in 1949, Albers explored chromatic interactions with flat colored squares arranged inside each other. This was a union of geometric abstraction with experiments in color.

## Other websites

- Joseph & Anni Albers Foundation http://www.albersfoundation.org/Albers.php?inc=Galleries&i=J_1

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Josef Albers
- **image**: Josef Albers drawing.jpg
- **caption**: photo of Josef Albers, 1950
- **birth place**: Bottrop, Westphalia Germany
- **nationality**: German-American
- **field**: Abstract art, Abstract Painting,
Study of Color
- **movement**: Geometric abstraction
Dae Jung-sang

**Dae Jung-sang**, also called _Qiqi Zhongxiang_ or _Geolgeol Jungsang_ (, ? – 698), was a Goguryeo soldier. He was the father of Dae Jo-yeong, founder of the Kingdom of Balhae.
Louis I of Spain

**Louis I of Spain** (25 August 1707 – 31 August 1724) was the King of Spain and eldest son of Philip V of Spain and Maria Luisa of Savoy. His reign was one of the shortest in Spanish history. It is often considered unremarkable. However, his marriage to his father's cousin Louis Élisabeth d'Orléans helped the country's relations with France. His wife was a minor French princess.

Louis was born in Madrid. He was the heir to the throne from birth. He held the title Prince of Asturias. He was given the names Louis, after his grandfather the King Louis XIV, and Felipe, in honour of his father. He was a first cousin of Louis XV of France as well as the future Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia.

Louis was King of Spain from 14 January to 31 August 1724, less than eight months. During his short reign he was nicknamed _The beloved_ and _The liberal_ (_El Bien Amado_ and _El Liberal_ in Spanish). His reign ended when he died of smallpox. He had no children.

## Titles and styles

- 25 August 1707 – 2 April 1709: _His Royal Highness_ The Infante Don Luis of Spain
- 2 April 1709 – 14 January 1724: _His Royal Highness_ The Prince of Asturias
- 14 January 1724 – 31 August 1724: _His Majesty_ The King

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Louis I
- **image**: Luis I, príncipe de Asturias2.jpg
- **reign**: 15 January – 31 August 1724
- **succession**: King of Spain
- **full name**: Luis Felipe de Borbón y Saboya
- **predecessor**: Philip V of Spain, Philip V
- **successor**: Philip V of Spain, Philip V
- **spouse**: Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
- **house**: House of Bourbon
- **father**: Philip V of Spain
- **mother**: Maria Luisa of Savoy
- **birth date**: 25 August 1707
- **birth place**: Palacio del Buen Retiro, Madrid, Spain
- **death place**: Buen Retiro, Madrid, Spain
- **burial place**: El Escorial
- **religion**: Catholic Church, Roman Catholicism
Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans

**Louise _Élisabeth_ d'Orléans** (11 December 1709 – 16 June 1742) was the wife of Louis I of Spain. She was a daughter of Françoise Marie de Bourbon and Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France. She married Louis, then known as the Prince of Asturias on 20 January 1722. She had no children and became Queen of Spain in January 1724 before her husband died the same year of smallpox. She was sent back to France where she died alone and ignored in Paris in 1742. She is noted as one of the shortest reigning royal consorts in history.

### Titles and styles

- **11 December 1709 - 20 January 1722** _Her Serene Highness_ _Mademoiselle de Montpensier_
- **20 January 1722 - 15 January 1724** _Her Royal Highness_ the Princess of Asturias
- **15 January 1724 - 6 September 1724** _Her Majesty_ the Queen of Spain
- **6 September 1724 - 16 June 1742** _Her Majesty_ the Dowager Queen of Spain

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **succession**: List of Spanish consorts, Queen consort of Spain
- **image**: Luisa Isabel de Orleans.jpg
- **caption**: Louise Élisabeth by Jean Ranc, Ranc, 1724
- **reign**: 15 January 1724 – 31 August 1724
- **spouse**: Louis I of Spain
- **house**: House of Orléans (_by birth_)
House of Bourbon (_by marriage_)
- **father**: Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France
- **mother**: Françoise Marie de Bourbon
- **full name**: Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
- **birth place**: Palace of Versailles, France
- **death place**: Luxembourg Palace, Palais du Luxembourg, Paris, France
- **burial place**: Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris, Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris, France
- **burial date**: 16 June 1742
- **religion**: Catholic Church, Roman Catholicism
Maria Luisa of Savoy

**Maria Luisa of Savoy** (17 September 1688 – 14 February 1714) was the first wife of Philip V of Spain. She loved her husband a lot and gave him four children. She had a lot of influence in the government but died exhausted in 1714. Her husband remarried to Elisabeth Farnese in December 1714. She was very popular in Spain.

## Life

Named after her aunt the former Queen of Spain she was the second daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Savoy. At her fathers court it was well known that her father was having an affair with the Countess of Verua. This therefore put strain on her parents marriage. She was always close to her sister Marie Adélaïde.

## Family

She married Philip V in 1701 and had four children:
1. Louis I of Spain (25 August 1707 – 31 August 1724) married Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, no issue.
1. Felipe of Spain (2 July 1709 – 18 July 1709)
1. Felipe Pedro Gabriel of Spain (7 June 1712 – 29 December 1719) died in childhood.
1. Ferdinand VI of Spain (23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759) married Infanta Barbara of Portugal, no issue.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **name**: Maria Luisa of Savoy
- **succession**: Queen consort of Spain
- **image**: Queen Maria Luisa of Spain, Princess of Savoy.jpg
- **reign**: 2 November 1701 – 14 February 1714
- **spouse**: Philip V of Spain
- **issue**: Louis I of Spain
Ferdinand VI of Spain
- **house**: House of Bourbon
House of Savoy
- **father**: Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy
- **mother**: Anne Marie d'Orléans
- **birth place**: Royal Palace of Turin, Duchy of Savoy
- **death place**: Royal Alcazar of Madrid, Kingdom of Spain
- **burial place**: El Escorial
- **full name**: Maria Luisa Gabriella di Savoia
- **religion**: Catholic Church, Roman Catholicism
Political parties in Scotland

Most political parties in **Scotland** can be put into two groups: Unionists and Nationalists. Nationalists want Scotland to become an independent country and to stop being part of the United Kingdom whereas Unionists want Scotland to stay in the United Kingdom.

## Parties currently represented

The following parties are parties represented at either the British House of Commons and/or the Scottish Parliament.

|Party|Scottish Parliament|UK House of Commons|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Scottish National Party (SNP)|||A centre-left party which promotes social democracy and Scottish independence.|
|Scottish Conservative Party|||A centre-right party which promotes conservatism and strong British unionism.|
|Scottish Labour Party|||A centre-left party which promotes social democracy and Scottish unionism.|
|Scottish Green Party|||A left-wing party which promotes green politics and Scottish independence.|
||||A centrist party which promotes liberalism, federalism and British unionism.|
|Alba Party|||A Scottish nationalist and socially conservative party that supports Scottish independence.|
|Reform UK|||A right-wing populist UK-wide party which opposes the European Union.|

## Parties formerly represented in the Scottish Parliament

- Scottish Senior Citizens Unity Party - 1 MSP from 2003–2007

- Scottish Socialist Party - 6 MSPs elected in 2003, 4 at the dissolution of parliament in 2007

- Solidarity (dissolved in 2021) - 2 Scottish Socialist MSPs changed parties in 2006 when this party was formed and lost their seats in 2007

## Minor parties in Scotland

- British National Party (BNP) - A far-right UK-wide party which promotes fascism, anti-immigration, right-wing populism, Euroscepticism and Third position economics with many combinations.

- Christian Peoples Alliance - A right-wing Christian party.

- Free Scotland Party - A party in favour of an independent Scotland free from both the United Kingdom and the European Union.

- Scottish Christian Party - A Christian right party that endorses traditional social conservative Christian values.

- Scottish Unionist Party - A centre-right protestant party which promotes abolishing the Scottish parliament.

- Socialist Labour Party - A left-wing UK-wide party that promotes socialism and Trade Unionism.

- UK Independence Party (UKIP) - A right-wing to far-right UK-wide party has conservative and right wing populist policies.
Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany

**Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany** (9 August 1663 – 31 October 1713) was the son of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans. Ferdinando was heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, with the title Grand Prince from his father's accession in 1670 until his death in 1713. He married Violante Beatrice of Bavaria in 1689 but the marriage remained childless. He died of syphilis aged 50.

His older brother Gian Gastone de' Medici, then became Grand Prince and later was the Grand Duke of Tuscany.

## Titles and styles

- 9 August 1663 – 23 May 1670: _His Highness_ Prince Ferdinando de' Medici
- 23 May 1670 – 5 February 1691: _His Highness_ The Grand Prince of Tuscany
- 5 February 1691 – 31 October 1713: _His Royal Highness_ The Grand Prince of Tuscany

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Ferdinando de' Medici
- **succession**: Grand Prince of Tuscany
- **reign**: 23 May 1670 - 31 October 1713
- **image**: Portrait-Of-Ferdinand-II-De-Medici.jpg
- **reign-type**: Tenure
- **spouse**: Duchess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, Violante Beatrice of Bavaria
- **full name**: Ferdinando de' Medici
- **house**: House of Medici
- **house-type**: Royal
- **father**: Cosimo III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **mother**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **birth place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany
- **death place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Tuscany
- **burial place**: Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence
- **religion**: Catholicism
Supernatural (American TV series)

***Supernatural*** is an American horror, drama, fantasy, fiction TV series created by Eric Kripke. It first aired on September 13, 2005 on The WB and now it is part of The CW series. The show stars Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester. The show follows the two brothers (Sam and Dean) as they hunt demons and other figures of the paranormal, but not Bigfoot and aliens. The series is produced by the Warner Bros. Company with the help of Wonderland Sound and Vision. The current executive producers are Eric Kripke and McG, who also directs, and Robert Singer. The fourth producer, Kim Manners died of cancer in the production of the fourth season.

## Cast

- Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester
- Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester
- Jim Beaver as Bobby Singer
- Jeffrey Dean Morgan as John Winchester
- Samantha Ferris as Ellen Harvelle
- Alona Tal as Jo Harvelle
- Samantha Smith as Mary Winchester
- Chad Lindberg as Ash
- Sterling K. Brown as Gordon Walker
- Mitch Pileggi as Samuel Campbell
- Misha Collins as Castiel
- Mark Pellegrino as Lucifer
- Richard Speight, Jr. as Gabriel
- Kurt Fuller as Zachariah
- Julie McNiven as Anna Milton
- Robert Wisdom as Uriel
- Fredric Lehne as Azazel
- Katie Cassidy as Ruby
- Genevieve Cortese as Ruby
- Nicki Aycox as  Meg Masters
- Mark Rolston as Alastair
- Christopher Heyerdahl as Alastair
- Mark Sheppard as Crowley

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Supernatural Season 6 title card.jpg
- **caption**: Season 6 title card
- **genre**: Supernatural drama
Dark fantasy
Horror fiction, Horror
Action (genre), Action
Adventure fiction, Adventure
Thriller (genre), Thriller
Urban fantasy
- **creator**: Eric Kripke
- **director**: McG
- **starring**: Jared Padalecki
Jensen Ackles
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 15
- **num episodes**: 327
- **executive producer**: Eric Kripke
McG
David Nutter
Robert Singer
Kim Manners
Sera Gamble
- **producer**: Warner Brothers
- **location**: British Columbia
- **camera**: Single-camera setup
- **runtime**: 38-45 minutes
- **company**: Warner Brothers
- **channel**: The WB (2005-2006)
The CW (2006-2020)
Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

**Cosimo III de' Medici** (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) was the penultimate Grand Duke of Tuscany. He reigned from 1670 to 1723, and was the elder son of Grand Duke Ferdinando II of Tuscany. Cosimo's fifty long reign, the longest in Tuscan history, was marked by a series of regulatory laws. His reign also saw Tuscany's bad finances become even worse. He was succeeded by his elder surviving son, Gian Gastone de' Medici, when he died, in 1723.

He married Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a cousin of Louis XIV. It was a bad marriage and Marguerite Louise eventually left Tuscany to remain at the Convent of Montmartre in Paris. Together, they had 3 children. In later life, he tried to have Anna Maria Luisa recognised as heiress of Tuscany, but Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, would not allow it. Tuscany passed it to the House of Lorraine in 1737.

## Issue

Cosimo III had three children with Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a granddaughter of Henry IV of France:

- Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (b.1663 d.1713)
- Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine (b.1667 d.1743)
- Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b.1671 d.1737)

- **14 August 1642 – 23 May 1670**: _His Highness_ The Grand Prince of Tuscany
- **23 May 1670 – 5 February 1691**: _His Highness_ The Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **5 February 1691 – 31 October 1723**: _His Royal Highness_ The Most Serene Grand Duke of Tuscany

Cosimo III's official style was "Cosimo the Third, By the Grace of God, Grand Duke of Tuscany."

## Infobox (royalty)

- **type**: monarch
- **name**: Cosimo III
- **image**: Volterrano, Cosimo III de' Medici in grand ducal robes (Warsaw Royal Castle).jpg
- **caption**: Cosimo in granducal robes, with Tuscan regalia
- **reign**: 23 May 1670 – 31 October 1723
- **succession**: Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **predecessor**: Ferdinando II
- **successor**: Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Gian Giastone
- **spouse**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **issue**: Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, Ferdinando, Grand Prince of Tuscany
Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Anna Maria Luisa, Electress Palatine
Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Gian Gastone, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **issue-link**: #Issue
- **full name**: Cosimo de' Medici
- **house**: House of Medici
- **father**: Ferdinando II de' Medici
- **mother**: Vittoria della Rovere
- **birth date**: 14 August 1642
- **birth place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
- **death place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Tuscany
- **burial place**: Basilica of San Lorenzo, Tuscany
Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

**Gian Gastone de' Medici** (24 May 1671 – 9 July 1737) was the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was the second son of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans. His sister, Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, the Electress Palatine, married him to Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1697. The two remained childless and it was common knowledge that Gian Gastone was homosexual. Gian Gastone succeeded his father as Grand Duke in 1723.

In his reign he reversed all his father's laws and stopped taxes for poorer people, repealed (got rid of) the anti-Jewish laws and stopped public executions. His father, Cosimo III, wanted the his sister to succeed him but Spain, Great Britain, Austria and the Dutch Republic disregarded and made Charles III of Spain his heir. Charles changed his claim to Francis III of Lorraine. Francis then became the Grand Duke on 9 July 1737 ending almost 300 years of Medici rule over Florence.

## Titles and styles

- **24 May 1671 - 30 October 1713:** _His Highness_ Prince Gian Gastone
- **30 October 1713 - 31 October 1723:** _His Royal Highness_ The Grand Prince [of Tuscany]
- **31 October 1723 - 9 July 1737:** _His Royal Highness_ The Most Serene Grand Duke [of Tuscany]

## Infobox (royalty)

- **type**: monarch
- **name**: Gian Gastone
- **image**: Richter, Franz Ferdinand - Official portrait of Gian Gastone de' Medici in grand ducal robes.jpg
- **alt**: A peri-wigged man is resplendent in gold, ermine-fringed coronation robes. The man holds the royal sceptre of Tuscany in his right hand; at the same time clenching the royal crown. The cross of the order of Saint Stephen Pope and Martyr adorns his neck. The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore lies crumbling against a dark sky outside the window.
- **succession**: List of rulers of Tuscany, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **reign**: 31 October 1723 – 9 July 1737
- **predecessor**: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III de' Medici
- **successor**: Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, Francis Stephen of Lorraine
- **spouse**: Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg
- **full name**: Giovanni Battista Gastone de' Medici
- **house**: House of Medici
- **father**: Grand Duke Cosimo III de' Medici
- **mother**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **birth date**: 24 May 1671
- **birth place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany
- **death place**: Pitti Palace, Florence, Tuscany
- **burial place**: Basilica of San Lorenzo
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
Marguerite Louise d'Orléans

**Marguerite Louise d'Orléans** (28 July 1645 – 17 September 1721) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany, as the wife of Grand Duke Cosimo III de' Medici. Deprived of her lover, Charles V of Lorraine, Marguerite Louise despised her husband and his family, whom she often quarrelled with and falsely suspected of attempting to poison her. Marguerite Louise reconciled with the Medici on more than one occasion, however, only to promptly resume hostilities.

Having become Grand Duke of Tuscany upon his father's death, in 1670, Cosimo III, under the sway of his mother, Vittoria della Rovere, refused to grant Marguerite Louise entry to the Privy Council. Thus without political influence, Marguerite Louise sorted the education of her eldest son, Grand Prince Ferdinando. Two more children followed: Anna Maria Luisa, Electress Palatine, and Gian Gastone, the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany.

In June 1675, Marguerite Louise was allowed to return to France to live in a convent in Paris. She was a daughter of Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans. Although the contract, banned her from leaving the convent, Marguerite Louise often went to her cousin Louis XIV's court at Versailles. She was at the centre of many scandals at the convent, including an attempt to burn it down, which greatly irritated her husband, who, despite the separation, took great interest in Marguerite Louise's life. While still technically married, Marguerite Louise had several affairs.

## Children

- Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (b.1663 d.1713)
- Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine (b.1667 d.1743)
- Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b.1671 d.1737)

### Titles and styles

- **28 July 1645 – 12 June 1661** _Her Royal Highness_ "Mademoiselle d'Orléans" [Grand daughter of France]
- **12 June 1661 – 23 May 1670** _Her Royal Highness_ The Grand Princess of Tuscany
- **23 May 1670 - 5 February 1691** _His Highness_  The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany
- **5 February 1691 - 17 September 1721** _Her Royal Highness_ The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **name**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **full name**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **succession**: Grand Duchess of Tuscany
- **reign-type**: Consort
- **image**: Marguerite-Louise d'Orleans.jpg
- **reign**: 23 May 1670 – 17 September 1721
- **spouse**: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III de' Medici
- **issue**: Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, Ferdinando, Grand Prince of Tuscany
Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Anna Maria Luisa, Electress Palatine
Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Gian Gastone, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **house**: House of Bourbon
House of Medici
- **issue-link**: #Children
- **birth place**: Château de Blois, France
- **death place**: 15 Place des Vosges, Paris, France
- **burial place**: Picpus Cemetery, Paris, France
- **father**: Gaston, Duke of Orléans
- **mother**: Marguerite of Lorraine
Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici

**Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici** (11 August 1667 – 18 February 1743) was the last of the House of Medici. A patron of the arts, she gave the Medici's large art collection (including the contents of the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti and Medici villas) which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone’s death in 1737, and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state, on the condition that none of it be removed.

## Life

Anna Maria Luisa was the only daughter of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a niece of Louis XIII of France. On her marriage to Elector Johann Wilhelm II, she became Electress Palatine, and, patronised a lot of musicians. As Johann Wilhelm had syphilis, the union with Anna Maria Luisa produced no children. In 1713 Cosimo III altered the Tuscan laws of succession to allow the accession of his daughter, and spent his final years canvassing the European powers to agree to recognise this statute. However, in 1735, as part of a territorial arrangement, the European powers appointed Francis Stephen of Lorraine as heir, and he duly ascended the Tuscan throne in her stead. After the death of Johann Wilhelm, Anna Maria Luisa returned to Florence, where she enjoyed the rank of first lady until the accession of her brother Gian Gastone de' Medici, who banished her to the Villa La Quiete.

When Gian Gastone died in 1737, Francis Stephen's envoy offered Anna Maria Luisa the position of regent of Tuscany but she declined. Her death, in 1743, brought the House of Medici to an end.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **name**: Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici
- **full name**: Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici
- **succession**: Electress#Electresses Palatine (junior line), Electress Palatine
- **image**: Electres Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici.jpg
- **reign**: 5 June 1691 – 8 June 1716
- **spouse**: Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
- **house**: House of Medici, Medici
- **birth place**: Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Tuscany
- **death place**: Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany
- **place of burial**: Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence, Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence
- **father**: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **mother**: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

**Ferdinando II de' Medici** (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest child of Cosimo II de' Medici and Maria Maddalena of Austria. His 49-year rule saw the Medici Bank fail.
He married Vittoria della Rovere, with whom he had two children: Cosimo III de' Medici, his eventual successor, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, a Prince of the Church.

## Children

1. Cosimo de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (19 December 1639 - 21 December 1639) died in infancy.
1. Unnamed son (1640).
1. Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) married Marguerite Louise d'Orléans and had children.
1. Francesco Maria de' Medici (12 November 1660 – 3 February 1711) married Eleonora Luisa Gonzaga, no children.

## Titles and styles

- **14 July 1610 – 28 February 1621** _His Highness_ The Grand Prince of Tuscany
- **28 February 1621 – 23 May 1670** _His Highness_ The Most Serene Grand Duke of Tuscany

## Infobox (royalty)

- **type**: monarch
- **name**: Ferdinando II
- **image**: Portrait Ferdinando II de Medici.jpg
- **caption**: Ferdinando II de' Medici.
- **reign**: 28 February 1621 – 23 May 1670
- **succession**: Grand Duke of Tuscany
- **predecessor**: Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo II de' Medici
- **successor**: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III de' Medici
- **spouse**: Vittoria della Rovere
- **issue**: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Francesco Maria, Duke of Rovere
- **issue-link**: #Issue
- **full name**: Ferdinando de' Medici
- **house**: House of Medici
- **death date**: 23 May 1670 (aged 59)
- **father**: Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Grand Duke Cosimo II of Tuscany
- **mother**: Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, Maria Maddalena of Austria
- **birth date**: 14 July 1610
- **birth place**: Pitti Palace, Florence
- **death place**: Pitti Palace, Florence
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
PQ: Practical Intelligence Quotient

***PQ***, meaning "Practical Intelligence Quotient", or "Intelligent License" in Japan, is a video game that measures your intelligence through 3-D puzzles involving everyday objects. The player tries to reach the pillar of light at the end of the level while avoiding obstacles and traps.

## Gameplay

A game has 10 stages, which have 10 levels each. The light at the end of a level is your destination. Obstacles and traps try to fail you your way to the goal at the same time.

### Practice

In the game, the player can practice their skills in the levels with no worries about time.

### Tutorial

Five basic steps to help you play the game.

## Reception

The game received fairly good reviews from critics. For example the game was given a 69 on Metacritic and a 7.4/10 on Gamespot, as well as a 71% on GameRankings Aggregation.

## Sequel

A sequel was released for the game in 2007. It was ***PQ2: Practical Intelligence Quotient 2*** or ***Intelligent License 2*** and worked pretty much the same, but had a puzzle creator.

## Other websites

- Metacritic: Media Critic: Official Site
St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School

**St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School** is a Catholic high school in Clinton, Ontario, Canada. It is known for it's sports teams and good marks. It serves students from grades nine to twelve. The motto of St. Anne's is "in alis aquilae" which is Latin for "on eagle's wings". This motto comes from the Bible (the Book of Isaiah, Chapter 40).

## Beginnings

St. Anne's was built in the town of Clinton, Ontario. When the school opened only 139 students went there. The students came from Huron County. In 2009, 600 people went there. The school was built to provide a French and faith-based education. St. Anne's is the only French-Immersion Catholic school in the county.

The school board is the Huron-Perth Catholic District School Board (HPCDSB).

## Uniforms

St. Anne's is a uniform school, the only in the region and school board. The uniform consists of what a teen would normally wear, however the clothes are either plaid, navy, burgundy, kaki or white.

## Faith-Based Education

St. Anne's is a Catholic school. Most students are Roman Catholics, however students of other religions are allowed and welcome in the school. All students must take a religion course each school year. To graduate, students need four religion credits. This course is offered in French Immersion.

## Extra Curricular

St. Anne's has many sports teams and clubs. The most popular team are the boy's rugby and hockey teams. Girls' teams consists of the popular field hockey and rugby teams.

### Sports Teams

St. Anne's sports teams include:
- Badminton
- Basketball
- Cross-country running
- Curling
- Golf
- Hockey
- Rugby
- Swimming
- Track-and-field.

### Clubs

St. Anne's has numerous clubs and groups. They include:
- Band (An extension of music class, it is responsible for music at masses, assemblies and concerts)
- Chess Club
- Enviro-Club
- God-Squad (A religious group)
- The Math Team
- Me to We
- Students for Life (Anti-abortion group)
- Writers' Guild (Creative writing)

St. Anne's also has a Student Cabinet. Elections are held in the spring. Student Cabinet is in charge projects like dances and fundraisers. Each member of Student Cabinet has their own job relating to their elected position.

## Other websites

- St. Anne's official website
- The Ministry of Education of Ontario's website
- The Huron-Perth Catholic District School Board's website

## Infobox (school)

- **name**: St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School
(St. Anne's CSS)
- **image**: St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School - Clinton, ON.jpg
- **motto**: "in alis aquilae"
- **established**: 1995
- **type**: Catholic School
- **principal**: Ms. Jodi Kuran
- **enrollment**: 600 (in 2010)
- **city**: Clinton
- **state**: Ontario
- **country**: Canada
- **colors**: Navy Blue and Burgundy
- **mascot**: Eagle
- **affiliations**: St. Peter's Roman Catholic Parish, Goderich Ontario
- **information**: 353 Ontario St., Box 490 Clinton, ON N0M 1L0
Phone: (519) 482-5454

Fax: (519) 482-5456
- **url**: http://sacss.hpcdsb.edu.on.ca/
Henriette Adelaide of Savoy

**Henriette Adelaide of Savoy** (6 November 1636 - 13 June 1676) was the wife of the Elector of Bavaria Ferdinand Maria. She had much influence and with her husband did much to improve the Electorate of Bavaria, her adopted country.  She was a daughter of Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy.

She was the older of twins. Her twin sister was Catherine Beatrice of Savoy. Her mother was Christine of France, daughter of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici. Christine was regent for her brother Charles Emmanuel II.

On 8 December 1650 she married Ferdinand Maria, future Elector of Bavaria. The next year Ferdinand Maria became Elector, when his father Maximilian died. Henriette Adelaide had a lot of influence on Bavarian politics, in favor of France. This led to her eldest daughter marrying the Grand Dauphin in 1680. She also had a great part in the building of Nymphenburg Palace and the Theatinerkirche.

## Issue

- Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria 28 November 1660 – 20 April 1690) married Louis, Grand Dauphin and had issue; present King of Spain descends from her.
- Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (11 July 1662 – 26 February 1726), next Elector of Bavaria; married Maria Antonia of Austria and had issue; married Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska and had issue ((eg): Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor).
- Luise Margarete Antonie of Bavaria.
- Ludwig Amadeus Victor of Bavaria.
- Kajetan Maria Franz of Bavaria.
- Joseph Clemens of Bavaria (5 December 1671 – 12 November 1723) Elector and Archbishop of Cologne.
- Violante Beatrice of Bavaria (3 April 1673 – 3 June 1731) married Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Henriette Adelaide of Savoy
- **succession**: Electress of Bavaria
- **image**: HenrietteAdelheidSavoyenBayern.jpeg
- **reign**: 27 September 1651 – 13 June 1676
- **consort**: yes
- **birth place**: Castello del Valentino, Turin, Duchy of Savoy
- **death place**: Nymphenburg Palace, Munich
- **spouse**: Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
- **issue**: Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria, Maria Anna Victoria, Dauphine of France
 Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
Joseph Clemens, Elector-Archbishop of Cologne
 Duchess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, Violante Beatrice, Grand Princess of Tuscany
- **house**: House of Wittelsbach
House of Savoy
- **father**: Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy
- **issue-link**: #Issue
- **mother**: Christine of France
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism