juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Yuri Pudyshev

**Yuri Alekseyevich Pudyshev** (; 3 April 1954 – 29 August 2021) was a Soviet and Belarusian footballer and coach. He was born in Kaliningrad, Russia. He was known for playing with FC Dynamo Moscow and FC Dinamo Minsk. His playing career lasted from 1973 until 2010. His managing career lasted from 1992 until his death.

Pudyshev also played for the national team once at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Pudyshev died on 29 August 2021 at the age of 67.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yuri Pudyshev
- **fullname**: Yuri Alekseyevich Pudyshev
- **height**: 1.77 m
- **birth place**: Korolyov, Moscow Oblast, Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1971–1972
- **youthclubs1**: FC Dynamo Moscow, Dinamo Moscow
- **years1**: 1973–1975
- **years2**: 1976–1984
- **years3**: 1984–1986
- **years4**: 1986–1988
- **years5**: 1988
- **years6**: 1989
- **years7**: 1990–1993
- **years8**: 1994
- **years9**: 2007–2008
- **years10**: 2010
- **clubs1**: FC Dynamo Moscow, Dinamo Moscow
- **clubs2**: FC Dinamo Minsk, Dinamo Minsk
- **clubs3**: FC Dynamo Moscow, Dinamo Moscow
- **clubs4**: FC Dynamo Stavropol, Dinamo Stavropol
- **clubs5**: FC Dynamo Barnaul, Dinamo Barnaul
- **clubs6**: FK Samarqand-Dinamo, Dinamo Samarqand
- **clubs7**: FC Dynamo Yakutsk, Dynamo Yakutsk
- **clubs8**: FC Samotlor-XXI Nizhnevartovsk, Samotlor-XXI Nizhnevartovsk
- **clubs9**: FC Partizan Minsk, MTZ-RIPO Minsk
- **clubs10**: FC Dinamo Brest, Dinamo Brest
- **caps1**: 37
- **caps2**: 262
- **caps3**: 47
- **caps4**: 75
- **caps5**: 9
- **caps6**: 32
- **caps7**: 82
- **caps8**: 12
- **caps9**: 0
- **caps10**: 1
- **goals1**: 3
- **goals2**: 24
- **goals3**: 4
- **goals4**: 5
- **goals5**: 0
- **goals6**: 1
- **goals7**: 4
- **goals8**: 0
- **goals9**: 0
- **goals10**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 557
- **totalgoals**: 41
- **nationalyears1**: 1984
- **nationalteam1**: Soviet Union national football team, Soviet Union
- **nationalcaps1**: 1
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1984
- **nationalteam2**: Soviet Union Olympic football team, Soviet Union Olympic
- **nationalcaps2**: 1
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1992
- **manageryears2**: 1997–2003
- **manageryears3**: 1999–2000
- **manageryears4**: 2004–2006
- **manageryears5**: 2005–2006
- **manageryears6**: 2006–2007
- **manageryears7**: 2007–2009
- **manageryears8**: 2009–2011
- **manageryears9**: 2011–2021
- **managerclubs1**: FC Dynamo Yakutsk, Dynamo Yakutsk (assistant)
- **managerclubs2**: FC BATE Borisov, BATE Borisov (assistant)
- **managerclubs3**: Belarus national football team, Belarus (assistant)
- **managerclubs4**: FC Partizan Minsk, MTZ-RIPO Minsk (assistant)
- **managerclubs5**: Belarus national under-21 football team, Belarus U21 (assistant)
- **managerclubs6**: Belarus national football team, Belarus (assistant)
- **managerclubs7**: FC Partizan Minsk, MTZ-RIPO Minsk (assistant)
- **managerclubs8**: FC Dinamo Brest, Dinamo Brest (assistant)
- **managerclubs9**: FC BATE Borisov, BATE Borisov (assistant/youth)
Mikhail Nenashev

**Mikhail Petrovich Nenashev** (18 March 1960 – 29 August 2021) was a Russian politician. He was born in the Ternovsky District, Russia. Nenashev was a member of the Party of Business. Between 2007 until 2011, Nenashev was a member of the State Duma.

Nenashev died on 29 August 2021 from cardiac arrest in Moscow, aged 61.
Kolë Berisha

**Kolë Berisha** (; 26 October 1947 – 29 August 2021) was a Kosovo politician. He was the Chair of Assembly of Kosovo from March 2006 to 2007. Berisha was also a deputy leader of the Democratic League of Kosovo. He was born in Klina, Yugoslavia.

Berisha died on 29 August 2021 in Pristina, Kosovo at the age of 73.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Kolë Berisha
- **image**: File:Kole Berisha.jpg
- **caption**: Berisha with Kosovo Unity Team in 2007
- **office1**: Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo, Chairman of the Assembly
- **term start1**: 10 March 2006
- **term end1**: 12 December 2007
- **predecessor1**: Hans Hækkerup
Nexhat Daci
- **successor1**: Jakup Krasniqi
- **birth name**: Kolë Berisha
- **birth date**: 26 October 1947
- **death place**: Pristina, Kosovo
- **occupation**: Politician
- **children**: Two childrens
- **party**: Democratic League of Kosovo
Stephen Vizinczey

**Stephen Vizinczey**, originally **István Vizinczey** (12 May 1933 – 18 August 2021) was a Hungarian-Canadian author and writer. He took part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. He learned English writing scripts for Canada's National Film Board and the CBC. He edited Canada's short-lived literary magazine, _Exchange_.

He was known for his book _In Praise of Older Women_, which has been made into two movies.

Vizinczey died on 18 August 2021 at the age of 87.
Francesc Burrull

**Francesc Burrull** (18 October 1934 – 28 August 2021) was Spanish jazz pianist and composer. He was born in Barcelona, Spain. Burrull won the Creu de Sant Jordi in 2017. He was known for his 1972 album _Miguel Hernández_.

Burrull died on 28 August 2021 in Sant Pere de Ribes, Spain of kidney disease, aged 86.

## Discography

- _Thai Musical Fantasy_ (1962)
- _Black Spirituals_ (1971)
- _Miguel Hernández_ (1972)
- _Remembering Duke Ellington_ (1974)
- _Dialogues with Joan Baptista Humet_ (1975)
- _Manuel de Falla avui_ (1995)
- _They are not...boleros , with La Voss del Trópico_ (1996)
- _Blanc i negre_ (1997)
- _A love poem , with La Voss del Trópico_ (1999)
- _Laura Simó & Francesc Burrull play Serrat_ (2007)
- _Temps de pluja_ (2010)
Jiang Chunyun

**Jiang Chunyun** (; April 1930 – 28 August 2021) was a Chinese politician. He was a member of the Chinese Communist Party. Jiang was born in Shandong, China. From 1987 until 1989, he was the Governor of Shandong. From 1995 until 1998, he was the Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China.

Jiang died on 28 August 2021 in Beijing at the age of 91.
Sompote Sands

**Sompote Saengduenchai** (; ; May 24, 1941 – August 26, 2021), internationally  known as **Sompote Sands**, was a Thai movie director, special effects creator and producer.

He was best known for directing many Thai movies such as _The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army_, _Jumborg Ace & Giant_, _Hanuman and the Five Riders_, the 1980 cult classic _Crocodile_, _Phra Rod Meree_ and the 1985 children's movie _Magic Lizard_. He was born in Amphoe Phra Pradaeng, Thailand.

Sands died on August 26, 2021 in Bangkok from cancer at the age of 80.
Lucille Whipper

**Lucille Simmons Whipper** (June 6, 1928 – August 27, 2021) was an American politician. He was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1985 to 1995. She was the first Black woman to represent a Charleston County seat. Whipper was born in Charleston, South Carolina. She was a member of the Democratic Party.

Whipper died on August 27, 2021 at a hospital in Charleston at the age of 93.
Vanita Gupta

**Vanita Gupta** (born November 15, 1974) is an American attorney and civil rights leader. She was the 19th United States associate attorney general from 2021 to 2024. She was also the assistant attorney general for the Civil Rights Division under the Obama administration from 2014 to 2017.

Gupta served as deputy legal director of the American Civil Liberties Union, and Assistant Counsel at the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund.

Gupta served as president and CEO of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights from 2017 until 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Vanita Gupta
- **image**: Asg vanita gupta.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2021
- **office**: 19th United States Associate Attorney General
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: April 22, 2021
- **term end**: February 2, 2024
- **predecessor**: Rachel Brand
- **successor**: Benjamin C. Mizer (Acting)
- **office1**: United States Assistant Attorney General for the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, Civil Rights Division
- **term label1**: Acting
- **president1**: Barack Obama
- **term start1**: October 20, 2014
- **term end1**: January 20, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Molly Moran
- **successor1**: Thomas Wheeler
- **birth place**: Media, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Chinh Le
- **children**: 2
- **father**: Rajiv L. Gupta
The Upsetter (movie)

***The Upsetter: The Life and Music of Lee Scratch Perry*** is a documentary movie about Jamaican musician Lee "Scratch" Perry. Benicio Del Toro tells the story in the movie.  Ethan Higbee and Adam Bhala Lough directed the movie. The first showing of the documentary was at the SXSW Film Festival in March 2008. The first showing in theaters was in March 2011.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Upsetter
- **director**: Ethan Higbee
Adam Bhala Lough
- **producer**: Ethan Higbee
Adam Bhala Lough
- **starring**: Lee Scratch Perry
Bob Marley
Paul McCartney
Marcus Garvey
The Clash
Haile Selassie
Beastie Boys
Peter Tosh
Carl Bradshaw (actor), Carl Bradshaw
- **narrator**: Benicio Del Toro
- **distributor**: The Upsetter Films
- **runtime**: 93 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Protea inopina

**Protea inopina** also called **Large-nut Sugarbush** is a flowering shrub belonging to the well-known Protea genus. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape, rare, extremely isolated and occurs only in the Olifants River Mountains near Palace Hill. The plant grows 1 m tall and has many stems. It blooms from September to December.
The plant sprouts again after it has burned. The seeds are stored in a shell and spread by the wind. The plant is unisexual. Pollination takes place through the action of birds. The plant grows in sandstone soil at altitudes of 600 - 650 m.

In Afrikaans it is known as the Groottolsuikerbos.

## Other websites

- http://pza.sanbi.org/protea-inopina
- http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=799-60
- https://www.proteaatlas.org.za/sugar6.htm
- https://biodiversityexplorer.info/plants/proteaceae/protea_inopina.htm
Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)

The **Afghan Civil War** was a war from 14 November 1928 to 13 October 1929. The **Saqqawists** group and the Soviet Union decided to invade the Kingdom of Afghanistan but were eventually defeated.

## Beginning of war

On 14 November 1928, the civil war started with the Shinwari Revolt in which Pashtun tribesmen from the Shinwari tribe started a siege of Jalalabad.  Telegraph wires were also cut, and a manifesto had a list of or complaints that included changing the status of women.

### Siege of Jabal al-Siraj

Forces led by a Tajik leader, Habibullah Kalakani, were moving toward Kabul from the north. Kalakani was a native of Kalakan, a village 30 km north of Kabul. In late November, they put siege to Jabal al-Siraj, north of Kabul, and on 11 or 12 December, after 18 days of siege, Ahmad Ali Lodi surrendered the citadel and handed over all government funds, 18 machine guns, and some heavy weapons and rifles.

### Rule by Kalakani and Saqqawist offensives (February – August 1929)

Kalakani became King of Afghanistan.

Ali Ahmad Khan was captured; his reign ended on 9 February.

Kalakan's forces did fight anti-Saqqawist tribes.

## Saqqawist collapse and end of war (August – October 1929)

On 8 August, an anti-Saqqawist uprising took place in Bamyan, Ghuri and Baghlan, blocking Kalakani's force's route to Turkistan and forcing them to retreat to Ghurband. On 21 August, the Sayyid of Shaykh Ali started an offensive (or attack) against Kalakani that advanced as far as Khanabad, Andarab and Ghurband. On 26 August, there were rumours in Kabul that Hazara settlers successfully attacked Mazar-i Sharif.

In early September, the Saqqawists won their last victory by taking Jalalabad. On 23 September, a pro-Nadir uprising in Kandahar succeeded at driving out Kalakani's forces from the city. On 29 September, a pro-Nadir force under Shah Wali crossed the Durand Line and occupied Khushi. On 30 September, he sent a 1000-man force ahead to Tangi Waghjan, the gorge on the road to the Logar Valley.

On 3 October, after an intense battle, anti-Saqqawist forces captured the town of Muhammad Aghah and pllaced themselves within striking distance of Kabul. Kalakani himself took part in this battle in an attempt to lift his soldiers' spirit, but anti-Saqqawist forces continued to slowly push towards Kabul and seized Charasya, Chihil Tan and Chihil Sutun on 5 October.

By 7 October, Kalakani's forces had retreated from almost all of their territory outside Kabul and prepared for their last stand.

On 9 October, after dozens of hours of street fighting in Kabul, the Arg was put under siege. On 13 October, after several days of bombardment, Nadir's forces entered the Arg. After a battle, the Arg was captured, and the civil war ended.

## Related pages

- List of civil wars in Afghanistan
Zahedan

**Zahedan** () is a city in Iran. It is the capital of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Southeastern Iran. As of 2016, Zahedan has over 600,000 people. the city is near the borderlands between Iran and Pakistan where Baloch people live.

## History

The demographics of the inhabiants of Zahedan are mixed with Balochis, and Persians. They speak Persian and Balochi. Zahedan is east of the Dasht-e Loot. Zahedan is part of Baluchestan, a historic region of Asia. Sunni Muslims live in Zahedan as well. Shaikh Abdolhamid Ismaeelzahi is the main and most influential religious and Sunni and the Baloch people.

## Geography

Zahedan is located in the southeastern part of Iran. It is 1,491 kilometers southeast of Tehran, 950 kilometers south of Mashhad, 1,189 kilometers southeast of Isfahan, 2,024 kilometers southeast of Tabriz, and 95 kilometers from the Iran-Pakistan border. It is also connected by rail to Pakistan and is near to Afghanistan. Zahedan is the Iranian city, which is the closest to Afghanistan and Pakistan.

## Demographics

As of 2016, Zahedan has 587,730 people. In the 1930s, Zahedan was a small village. In 1930, Zahedan's population reached 17,500. and increased more than fivefold to 93,000 by 1976. After 1980, large numbers of Iranians fleeing the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan helped triple the population of Zahedan to more than 281,000 by 1986, a number which has since doubled again.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Zahedan
- **native name**: زاهدان
- **image skyline**: Zahedan in one.png
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **elevation m**: 1,352
OceanHero

**OceanHero** is a search engine focused on collecting plastics, mostly bottle waste in the oceans. It has been certified by the United Nations (UN) Head of Marine and the Freshwater Branch.

OceanHero follows the model of a similar search engine, Ecosia, which finances tree planting. It earns revenue like most other search engines by displaying ads on search results. The revenue generated from ads are then used to finance collecting plastic bottles from oceans located in Southeast Asia. It can also be installed as a Chrome extension.

OceanHero uses a "shell" system for their searches. Users earn 20 shells from each search. For opening a tab, users earn 10 shells. Similarly, different colored shells occasionally pop up on the search engine, asking questions where users can earn shells.  Earning 100 shells is the equivalent of financing the recovery of 1 plastic bottle. Every recovered bottle is shown on a bottle counter.

They have developed a unique approach where low-income individuals are involved in the process of collecting plastic from local seas. These individuals receive financial support from the revenue generated through ads on search results. This innovative model allows them to contribute to the removal of plastic waste while also providing them with an income.

## Other websites

- Main site
- YouTube profile page
- OceanHero search engine
Natasha Heschélle

**Natasha Chipo Mutungwazi** is a Canadian actress based in Toronto, Ontario.  Her first major recognition was for her role as Helen on the Amazon Prime Video series **'Zahara: The Return**',  for which she won Gold Movie Awards, UK for Best Actress in a Drama/Horror. She also nominated as the Best Digital Series writer at Blood in the Snow Canadian Film Festival.

## Early life and career

Natasha was born and raised in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. In 2004, her mother Marisa Moyo migrated to Canada, later she moved to Canada to live with her mother. It was reported that Natasha on numerous occasions skipped her school to attend dance classes. In 2013, she had to move to Paris with the plan to work and pay for her dancing classes. Natasha returned to Canada in 2014 and admitted herself into an acting school, Seneca College. In June 2021, she released her debut EP _Imagine_, which garnered over million views across digital platforms. Natasha's latest project "Zahara Season 1", which she was Producing has seemingly garnered a stop to her profession on screen as multiple crew members failed to receive payment for their labor once production was wrapped.

### Film

|Year|Film|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2017|_The Poet Professor_|Miriam Bakosi|Debut||
|2020|_Hope Does Not Disappoint_|Lerato|(Short)||
|2020|_Zahara: The Return_|Helen|Also writer||
|2021|_Imagine (Video short)_|Herself|Writer||
|2021|_Forbidden (TV Series)_|Helen|Writer||

## Awards and honors

- Nominated as the Best Digital Series writer at Blood in the Snow Canadian Film Festival
- Best Actress in a Drama/Horror at Gold Award
- Recipient of the Best Artistic Achievement gong at the Zimbabwe International Film Festival, 2016
- Nominated for the Best Film award at the Zulu African Film Academy Awards, 2018
- Granted a membership of The Netflix-BANFF Diversity of Voices Initiative, 2021

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Natasha Heschélle
- **other names**: Natasha Chipo Mutungwazi
- **birth place**: Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **alma mater**: :en:Seneca College, Seneca College
- **occupation**: Actress, producer, singer
- **yearsactive**: 2013- present
- **credits**: **'Zahara: The Return**'
- **website**: https://www.natashaheschelle.com/
Lawrence Rosario Abavana

**Lawrence Rosario Abavana** (1920 – 29 May 2004) was a Ghanaian politician and teacher by. He served as a Minister of different portfolios.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lawrence Rosario Abavana
- **term end9**: July 1960
- **president10**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end10**: 4 November 1957
- **term start10**: 1957
- **office10**: <br/ >Minister for Food and Agriculture (Ghana), Minister for Agriculture
- **president9**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term start9**: 4 November 1957
- **term start11**: October 1961
- **office9**: Commissioner of Northern Ghana
- **president8**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end8**: January 1964
- **term start8**: October 1963
- **successor7**: Komla Agbeli Gbedemah
- **president7**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end7**: May 1961
- **term end11**: September 1962
- **office7**: <br/ > Minister for Health (Ghana), Minister for Health
- **alma mater**: Achimota School, Achimota College
- **president11**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **citizenship**: Ghanaian
- **birth place**: Navrongo, Gold Coast (British colony), Gold Coast
- **birth date**: 1920
- **successor11**: Krobo Edusei
- **predecessor11**: Kojo Botsio
- **term start7**: July 1960
- **successor6**: Ferdinand Koblavi Dra Goka (ministry was merged with the Ministry of Finance)
- **president2**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end2**: June 1965
- **term start2**: February 1965
- **office2**: Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources (Ghana), Minister for Mines and Mineral Resources
- **successor1**: _Constituency abolished_
- **predecessor1**: _New_
- **term end1**: 1965
- **term start1**: 1951
- **parliament1**: Ghana
- **constituency mp1**: Kassena-Nankana District, Kassena-Nankana South
- **successor**: Joseph Evarisi Seyire
- **predecessor**: _New_
- **term end**: 1966
- **term start**: 1965
- **parliament**: Ghana
- **constituency mp**: Navrongo
- **office3**: <br/ > Minister for the Interior (Ghana), Minister for Interior
- **predecessor6**: Ferdinand Koblavi Dra Goka
- **office5**: Minister for Information (Ghana), Minister for Information and Broadcasting
- **president6**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end6**: August 1961
- **term start6**: May 1961
- **office6**: Minister for Trade and Industry (Ghana), Minister for Trade
- **president5**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end5**: October 1963
- **term start5**: September 1962
- **term start3**: May 1964
- **successor4**: John Willie Kofi Harlley
- **president4**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end4**: February 1966
- **term start4**: June 1965
- **predecessor3**: Kwaku Boateng (politician), Kwaku Boateng
- **president3**: Dr. Kwame Nkrumah
- **term end3**: February 1965
The Magic Bow

***The Magic Bow*** is a 1946 British musical movie directed by Bernard Knowles and starring Stewart Granger, Phyllis Calvert, Jean Kent, Dennis Price, Marie Lohr, Cecil Parker, Felix Aylmer, Mary Jerrold, Charles Victor.
Spaceflight IC-1

***Spaceflight IC-1: An Adventure in Space*** is a 1965 British science fiction movie directed by Bernard Knowles and starring Bill Williams, Norma West, John Cairney, Donald Churchill, Kathleen Breck, Linda Marlowe, Margo McLennan, Mark Lester. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Sahabi Alhaji Yaú

**Sahabi Alhaji Yaú** (born July 16, 1956) is a Nigerian politician and senator representing Zamfara North.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sahabi Alhaji Yaú
- **profession**: Politician
- **party**: People's Democratic Party (Nigeria), People's Democratic Party (PDP)
- **nationality**: Nigerian
- **constituency**: Zamfara North
- **term start**: 2007
- **office**: Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from Zamfara State North District
Wikimedia UK

**Wikimedia UK** (**WMUK**) is a charity that helps people who work on Wikimedia projects in the United Kingdom. It is a Wikimedia chapter owned by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Wikimedia UK started out as **Wiki Educational Resources Limited**. However, because of money problems they became **Wiki UK Limited**. They failed to get charitable status at first. As a result, the group made changes to what it did so it could become a charity.

The group has worked with museums and others. They have organised things for volunteers in the United Kingdom to do. Some of the organisation's board members have been in controversies because of what they've done on Wikipedia. There were claims that a Wikimedia UK staff member was promoting Gibraltarpedia.

## Infobox (organisation)

- **name**: Wikimedia UK
- **image**: Wikimedia UK logo.svg
- **type**: Educational Charitable organization, charity
- **registration id**: 1144513
- **location**: 5-11 Lavington Street, London, United Kingdom
- **area served**: United Kingdom
- **method**: Public outreach
- **revenue**: £593,091 (2016/7)
- **num employees**: 8
- **former name**: Wiki UK Limited
Daniele Mortari

**Daniele Mortari** (born 30 June 1955) is Professor of Aerospace Engineering at Texas A&M University.

He is known for inventing the Flower Constellations, the k-vector range searching technique, and the Theory of Functional Connections.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Daniele Mortari
- **awards**: 2007 IEEE Judith A. Resnik Award

2015 Dirk Brouwer Award (American Astronautical Society), AAS Dirk Brouwer Award

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers#Membership and member grades, Fellow IEEE
 Fellow AAS
- **known for**: Flower Constellations
 _k_-vector Range Searching Technique
 The Theory of Functional Connections
- **alma mater**: Sapienza University of Rome
- **image**: Daniele Mortari.jpg
- **birth place**: Colleferro (Italy)
- **birth date**: June 30, 1955
- **caption**: Daniele Mortari
Nura M Inuwa

**Nura Musa Inuwa** (born 18 September 1989), also called M Inuwa, is a Nigerian Hausa musician, artist and movie producer.

## Career

Inuwa has over 500 songs which were used in Kannywood films.  Inuwas successfully sang a campaign song to opposition candidate Alhaji Atiku Abubakar in 2019, the former Vice President Nigeria.

## Discography

Inuwa discography includes the following
Hubbi, Dan Baiwi, Alkawariri, Dawo dawo, Wata Ruga, Yar Fulani, Salm, Labarina, Yan Arewa, Duniyar Masoya, Mailaya, In Kaiya Zance, Daren Alkhairi, Basaja, Alkawari, Mai Gadon Zin, Zurfin Ciki etci5]

## Infobox (person)

- **child**: yes


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Nura M Inuwa
- **caption**: Nura M Inuwa (2020)
- **birth name**: Nura musa Inuwa
- **alias**: Nura or M Inuwa
- **birth place**: Dala, Kano, Dala, Kano State, Nigeria
- **years active**: 2010–present
Jordi Galí

**Jordi Galí** (born January 4, 1961) is a Spanish economist.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2012.

## Infobox (economist)

- **name**: Jordi Galí
- **image**: File:Jordi Galí, presenting, European Central Bank (September 2017).png
- **caption**: Galí in 2017
- **birth place**: Barcelona, Spain
- **nationality**: Spain
- **institution**: Universitat Pompeu Fabra (2001–)
CREI (1999–)
Barcelona Graduate School of Economics (2006–)
New York University (1994–01)
Columbia University (1989–94)
- **field**: Macroeconomics
- **school tradition**: New Keynesian economics
- **alma mater**: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT <small>(Ph.D. 1989)</small>
- **doctoral advisor**: Olivier Blanchard
- **influences**: Mark Gertler (economist), Mark Gertler
- **awards**: Yrjö Jahnsson Award (2005)
- **repec id**: pga43
- **repec prefix**: e
Richard Clarida

**Richard Harris Clarida** (born May 18, 1957) is an American economist. He was the Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve from 2018 until 2022.

Clarida studied his Bachelor of Science degree in economics from the University of Illinois and did his Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees from Harvard University.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Richard Clarida
- **office2**: Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **birth place**: Herrin, Illinois, Herrin, Illinois, U.S.
- **successor2**: Mark Warshawsky
- **predecessor2**: David Wilcox
- **term end2**: May 16, 2003
- **term start2**: February 7, 2002
- **president2**: George W. Bush
- **successor1**: Philip Jefferson
- **image**: Richard Clarida official photo.jpg
- **predecessor1**: Daniel Tarullo
- **term end1**: January 14, 2022
- **term start1**: September 17, 2018
- **president1**: Donald Trump
Joe Biden
- **office1**: Member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors
- **successor**: Lael Brainard
- **predecessor**: Stanley Fischer
- **term end**: January 14, 2022
- **term start**: September 17, 2018
- **president**: Donald Trump
Joe Biden
- **office**: 21st Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve
- **education**: University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Harvard University, (Master of Arts, MA, Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
Khemarak Phoumin

**Khemarak Phoumin** () is a city in Cambodia. It is the capital of Koh Kong Province in Western Cambodia.

## History

Until the end of 1990, Koh Kong was one of the least parts of Cambodia. On 21 April 1984, the Khmer Rouge captured Koh Kong and held it for a night and day. They claimed via the Khmer Rouge Radio to have killed 1,107 Vietnamese troops and injured 125 more during the Vietnamese battle of Koh Kong.

## Environment

Koh Kong town is just below the southern end of the Cardamom Mountains. The Kah Bpow river runs through the town of Koh Kong, and begins in the Cardamoms and runs down to join the Gulf of Thailand. In 2000, wildlife traders from Thailand were reported to come to Koh Kong town each month to purchase wildlife products. In 2005, One of Cambodia"s tiger hunters, Yor Ngun, was finally captured in Koh Kong town. He was eventually charged with having killed and sold at least 19 tigers, 40 leopards, 30 elephants, 500 gaur, banteng and sambar, 40 Sun bears and three Asian black bears.

## Geography

Khemarak Phoumin is accessible by land, sea, and air. It is over 450 kilometers southeast of Bangkok, Thailand, 133 kilometers west of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and 138 kilometers northwest from Sre Ambel, Cambodia.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Khemarak Phoumin
- **image skyline**: Kohkongbridge2007.jpg
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image caption**: Koh Kong Bridge
- **subdivision type**: Country
Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)

The **Afghan Civil War** happened from 1992 to 1996.

## War over Kabul (28 April 1992–27 September 1993)

Fighting over Kabul started on 25 April 1992. The six groups that fought were Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, Jamiat-e Islami, Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami, Ittehad-e Islami, Hezb-i Wahdat and Junbish-i Milli. A mujahideen warlord, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, the leader of Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, was offered the position of temporary prime minister in President Sibghatullah Mujaddidi's government. However, the agreement was broken on 29 May, when Mujaddidi accused Hekmatyar of having rockets fired at his airplane.

By 30 May 1992, Jamiat-e Islami and Junbish-i Milli were mujahideen forces fighting against Hekmatyar's Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin again in southern Kabul.

In May or early June, Hekmatyar's forces started to fire cannons and grenade launchers toward targets all around Kabul. Much support came from the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). Junbish-i Milli and Jamiat-e Islami in June shelled or fired cannons and grenade launchers toward targets in areas south of Kabul.  Ittehad-e Islami and Hezb-i Wahdat fought each other in western Kabul. In late of June 1992, [Burhanuddin Rabbani took over as temporary president of Afghanistan. The government was weak even from its start in April 1992.

In the rest of 1992, hundreds of rockets hit Kabul, and thousands, mostly civilians, were killed, Half-a-million people fled the city. In 1993, the rivalling militia factions continued their fights over Kabul, amd several ceasefires and peace accords failed.
According to Human Rights Watch, from 1992 to 1995, five different mujahideen armies fought, which contributed to heavily damaging Kabul, but other analysts blame especially the Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin group.

## Taliban takeover

On 25 September, the strategic town of Sarobi, an eastern outpost of Kabul, fell to the Taliban which captured it from interim government troops. In the firghting, 50 people were killed, and the Taliban captured many arms from fleeing government soldiers.

On 26 September, with the Taliban attacking Kabul, interim minister of defense Ahmad Shah Massoud, in his headquarters in northern Kabul, concluded that his and President Rabbani’s interim government's forces had been encircled, and decided on a quick evacuatation or withdrawl of those forces to the north to avoid destruction. Also, Hekmatyar, leader of Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, withdrew from Kabul.

By nightfall or on the next day, 27 September, the Taliban had conquered Kabul. The leader Muhammad Umar appointed his deputy, Mullah Muhammad Rabbani, as head of a national ruling council, which was called Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. By now, the Taliban controlled most of Afghanistan.

## Related pages

- Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
- Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)
Afghan Civil War

The **Afghan Civil War** can be:

- Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
- Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)
- Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)
- Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)

## Related pages

- Afghanistan War
Chae Yeon

**Lee Jin-sook** (; born December 10, 1978), better known as **Chae Yeon**, is a South Korean singer.

## Infobox (korean name/auto)

- **child**: yes
- **hangul**: %이진숙
- **hangulstage**: %_채연


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Chae Yeon
- **image**: Chae Yeon.jpg
- **birth name**: Lee Jin-sook
- **birth place**: Seoul, South Korea
- **genre**: K-pop
- **occupation**: Singer
- **past member of**: UltraCats
- **years active**: 2001–present
- **label**: Cai Entertainment
Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall

**Hugh Christopher Edmund Fearnley-Whittingstall** (born 14 January 1965) is an English celebrity chef, television personality, journalist, food writer, and campaigner on food and environmental issues.

## Infobox (chef)

- **name**: Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall
- **image**: Hugh fearnley whittingstall.jpg
- **caption**: Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall in March 2009
- **birth name**: Hugh Christopher Edmund Fearnley-Whittingstall
- **birth place**: Hampstead, London, England
- **children**: 4
- **style**: British cuisine; fresh, Organic food, organic
- **education**: Summer Fields School
Eton College
St Peter's College, Oxford
- **restaurants**: River Cottage HQ, River Cottage Axminster, River Cottage Bristol, River Cottage Winchester
- **website**: [https://www.rivercottage.net/ rivercottage.net]
- **television**: _Escape to River Cottage_

_Return to River Cottage_

_River Cottage Forever_

_Beyond River Cottage_

_River Cottage Road Trip_

_River Cottage: Gone Fishing_

_River Cottage Spring_

_River Cottage Autumn_

_River Cottage: Summer's Here_

_River Cottage: Winter's on the Way_

_River Cottage Heroes_

_River Cottage Every Day_

_River Cottage Christmas Fayre_

_River Cottage Veg_

_River Cottage: Three Go Mad_
London Protocol (1830)

The **London Protocol** of 3 February 1830 was an agreement between the three Great Powers (The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, The Kingdom of France and the Russian Empire), which amended the decisions of the 1829 protocol and established Greece as an independent, sovereign state.

As a result of the Greek War of Independence which began in 1821, and the Great Powers' intervention in the conflict in the Battle of Navarino (1827), the creation of some form of Greek state in southern Greece had become certain. In 1827, the Greek Third National Assembly entrusted the governance of the fledgling nation to Ioannis Kapodistrias, who arrived in Greece in January 1828. Alongside his efforts to lay the foundations for a modern state, Kapodistrias undertook negotiations with the Great Powers as to the extent and constitutional status of the new Greek state.

In March 1829, the foreign ministers of the Great Powers signed the first London Protocol, according to which Greece would become an autonomous, tributary state under Ottoman suzerainty, under an elected Christian prince and encompassing the heartlands of the Greek uprising, the Morea (Peloponnese), Continental Greece and the Cyclades. Kapodistrias' diplomatic manoeuvres, aided by the Russian victory in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29, resulted in a revision of the protocol on 3 February 1830. According to it, Greece would be fully independent from the Ottoman Empire, but its borders were reduced to the Aspropotamos–Spercheios line. Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (the future King of Belgium) was selected as the first King of Greece, but he rejected the offer.

The protocol was yet again amended in the London Conference of 1832, which established the final borders of the Kingdom of Greece and gave the crown to the Bavarian prince Otto.
Mominul Haque

**Mominul Haque** (; born 29 September 1991) is a Bangladeshi first-class cricketer, captain for the Bangladesh national team in Test matches and left-handed batsman.

Mominul has the highest batting average in test cricket for a Bangladeshi player.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Mominul Haque
- **image**: Mominul Haque (2) (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **country**: Bangladesh
- **nickname**: Showrab
- **heightm**: 1.61
- **birth place**: Cox's Bazar, Chittagong Division, Bangladesh
- **batting**: Left-handed
- **bowling**: Slow left-arm orthodox
- **role**: Batsman (cricket), Batsman
- **international**: true
- **internationalspan**: 2012–present
- **testdebutdate**: 8 March
- **testdebutyear**: 2013
- **testdebutagainst**: Sri Lanka
- **testcap**: 67
- **lasttestdate**: 7 July
- **lasttestyear**: 2021
- **lasttestagainst**: Zimbabwe
- **odidebutdate**: 30 November
- **odidebutyear**: 2012
- **odidebutagainst**: West Indies
- **odicap**: 104
- **lastodidate**: 26 September
- **lastodiyear**: 2018
- **lastodiagainst**: Pakistan
- **odishirt**: 68
- **t20idebutdate**: 10 December
- **t20idebutyear**: 2012
- **t20idebutagainst**: West Indies
- **t20icap**: 34
- **lastt20idate**: 1 April
- **lastt20iyear**: 2014
- **lastt20iagainst**: Australia
- **t20ishirt**: 68
- **club1**: Dhaka Division cricket team, Dhaka Division
- **year1**: 2008–2009
- **club2**: Chittagong Division cricket team, Chittagong Division
- **year2**: 2009–present
- **club3**: Barisal Burners
- **year3**: 2012
- **club4**: Sylhet Royals
- **year4**: 2013
- **club5**: Sylhet Super Stars
- **year5**: 2015
- **club6**: Rajshahi Kings
- **year6**: 2016–present
- **columns**: 4
- **column1**: Test cricket, Test
- **matches1**: 45
- **runs1**: 3349
- **bat avg1**: 42.94
- **100s/50s1**: 11/14
- **top score1**: 181
- **deliveries1**: 601
- **wickets1**: 4
- **bowl avg1**: 94.00
- **fivefor1**: 0
- **tenfor1**: 0
- **best bowling1**: 3/27
- **catches/stumpings1**: 29/–
- **column2**: One Day International, ODI
- **matches2**: 28
- **runs2**: 557
- **bat avg2**: 22.28
- **100s/50s2**: 0/3
- **top score2**: 60
- **deliveries2**: 234
- **wickets2**: 7
- **bowl avg2**: 27.14
- **fivefor2**: 0
- **tenfor2**: n/a
- **best bowling2**: 2/13
- **catches/stumpings2**: 4/–
- **column3**: First-class cricket, FC
- **matches3**: 102
- **runs3**: 6946
- **bat avg3**: 41.10
- **100s/50s3**: 20/31
- **top score3**: 258
- **deliveries3**: 1990
- **wickets3**: 16
- **bowl avg3**: 77.12
- **fivefor3**: 0
- **tenfor3**: 0
- **best bowling3**: 3/27
- **catches/stumpings3**: 68/–
- **column4**: List A cricket, LA
- **matches4**: 139
- **runs4**: 4024
- **bat avg4**: 31.68
- **100s/50s4**: 4/23
- **top score4**: 182
- **deliveries4**: 1729
- **wickets4**: 39
- **bowl avg4**: 35.33
- **fivefor4**: 0
- **tenfor4**: n/a
- **best bowling4**: 3/29
- **catches/stumpings4**: 52/–
- **date**: 8 July 2021
- **source**: http://www.espncricinfo.com/bangladesh/content/player/373696.html ESPNcricinfo
- **caption**: Mominul Haque in 2018
Shoriful Islam

**Mohammad Shoriful Islam** (; born 3 June 2001) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He started his international cricket career for the Bangladesh cricket team in March 2021.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Shoriful Islam
- **image**: Shoriful Islam, 2024 (cropped).jpg
- **country**: Bangladesh
- **fullname**: Mohammad Shoriful Islam
- **birth place**: Panchagarh District, Panchagarh, Rangpur Division, Rangpur, Bangladesh
- **batting**: Left-handed
- **bowling**: Left-arm Fast bowling, medium-fast
- **height**: 6 ft 3 in
- **role**: Bowler
- **international**: true
- **internationalspan**: 2021
- **onetest**: true
- **testdebutdate**: 29 April
- **testdebutyear**: 2021
- **testdebutagainst**: Sri Lanka
- **testcap**: 97
- **odidebutdate**: 25 May
- **odidebutyear**: 2021
- **odidebutagainst**: Sri Lanka
- **odicap**: 136
- **lastodidate**: 18 July
- **lastodiyear**: 2021
- **lastodiagainst**: Zimbabwe
- **t20idebutagainst**: New Zealand
- **t20idebutdate**: 28 March
- **t20idebutyear**: 2021
- **t20icap**: 70
- **lastt20iagainst**: Australia
- **lastt20idate**: 7 August
- **lastt20iyear**: 2021
- **columns**: 4
- **column1**: Test cricket, Test
- **column2**: One Day International, ODI
- **column3**: Twenty20 International cricket, T20I
- **column4**: First-class cricket, FC
- **matches1**: 1
- **matches2**: 4
- **matches3**: 10
- **matches4**: 9
- **top score1**: 0
- **top score2**: 8
- **top score3**: 6
- **top score4**: 12
- **100s/50s1**: 0/0
- **100s/50s2**: 0/0
- **100s/50s3**: 0/0
- **100s/50s4**: 0/0
- **bat avg1**: 0.00
- **bat avg2**: 4.00
- **bat avg3**: 3.66
- **bat avg4**: 4.83
- **runs1**: 0
- **runs2**: 8
- **runs3**: 11
- **runs4**: 29
- **deliveries1**: 180
- **deliveries2**: 180
- **deliveries3**: 198
- **deliveries4**: 1,176
- **wickets1**: 1
- **wickets2**: 7
- **wickets3**: 15
- **wickets4**: 23
- **bowl avg1**: 99.00
- **bowl avg2**: 22.85
- **bowl avg3**: 16.46
- **bowl avg4**: 25.82
- **tenfor1**: 0
- **tenfor2**: 0
- **tenfor3**: 0
- **tenfor4**: 0
- **fivefor1**: 0
- **fivefor2**: 0
- **fivefor3**: 0
- **fivefor4**: 0
- **best bowling1**: 1/91
- **best bowling2**: 4/46
- **best bowling3**: 3/33
- **best bowling4**: 4/33
- **catches/stumpings1**: 1/–
- **catches/stumpings2**: 0/–
- **catches/stumpings3**: 4/–
- **catches/stumpings4**: 2/–
- **date**: 7 August 2021
- **source**: http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/990039.html Cricinfo
Boana aguilari

***Boana aguilari*** is a frog that lives in Peru. Scientists have seen it between 1225 and 2080 meters above sea level.

This frog lives in the Pasco part of Peru, in the eastern Andes Mountains.

The adult male frog is 33.7–43.8 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 33.7–50.0 mm long.  The adult male frog has thick, strong front legs and bony spines on its body.  But it does not have the nuptial pad on its front feet the way some other adult male frogs do.  This frog's head and back are light brown with light green marks.  The throat is yellow-green in color.  The belly is white in color and its feet are gray.  The iris of the eye is light brown or pink with black marks.
South Island oystercatcher

The **South Island oystercatcher**, **South Island pied oystercatcher**, **New Zealand oystercatcher**, or **tōrea** (_Haematopus finschi_) is a bird in the family Haematopodidae. It lives in New Zealand but it also goes to Australia.

## Appearance

This bird has black and white feathers, pink legs, and a long red bill, or beak.

## Habitat

This bird spends most of its time in estuaries places where rivers mix with the ocean or by the coast.  When it is time for them to lay eggs, they go near rivers, in farmland, and sometimes grasslands.  They build nests on the ground out of gravel or earth.

## Food

When this bird lives in estuaries or the coast, it eats mollusks, for example oysters and other animals with two shells.  It also eats crustaceans, earthworms, and insect larvae.  Scientists do not know what it eats when it flies inland to build nests.

## Threats

There were about 40,000 birds alive in the early 1970s and 112,000 in the early 1990s.
Baitul Aman Mosque

The **Baitul Aman Jame Masjid Complex** (, ) is a mosque complex in Barishal, Bangladesh. It is commonly known as **Guthia Mosque** (). It has a land area of 14 acres. The Baitul Aman Jame Masjid Complex consists of a mosque, a large eidgah, a graveyard, three lakes, a madrasa and an orphanage. It was established on December 16, 2003. Guthia Mosque is also a tourist spot in Bangladesh.

## Infobox (religious building)

- **name**: Guthia Mosque
বাইতুল আমান জামে মসজিদ
- **image**: Baitul Aman Mosque.JPG
- **image upright**: 1.15
- **religious affiliation**: Islam
- **map type**: Bangladesh
- **location**: Wazirpur Upazila, Wazirpur, Barisal
- **established**: December 16, 2003
- **tradition**: Hanafi
- **architecture type**: Mosque
- **architecture style**: Islamic architecture, Islamic
- **capacity**: Approximately 20,000
- **dome quantity**: 20
- **minaret quantity**: 1
- **materials**: Marble Stone
- **construction cost**: 200 million BDT
Giant clam

The **giant clam** (_Tridacna gigas_) is one of the members of the clam genus ***Tridacna*** that are the largest living bivalve mollusks. There are actually several species of "giant clams" in the genus _Tridacna_, which are often misidentified for _Tridacna gigas_, the most commonly intended species referred to as “the giant clam”.

_Tridacna gigas_ is one of the most endangered clam species. Antonio Pigafetta documented these in his journal as early as 1521. One of a number of large clam species native to the shallow coral reefs of the South Pacific and Indian oceans, they can weigh more than , measure as much as  across and have an average lifespan in the wild of over 100 years. They are also found off the shores of the Philippines and in the South China Sea in the coral reefs of Sabah (Malaysian Borneo).

The giant clam lives in flat coral sand or broken coral and can be found at depths of as much as 20 m (66 ft). Its range covers the Indo-Pacific, but populations are diminishing quickly, and the giant clam has become extinct in many areas where it was once common. The maxima clam is found most commonly among giant clam species; it can be found off high- or low-elevation islands, in lagoons or fringing reefs. Its rapid growth rate is likely due to its ability to grow algae in its body tissue.

Although larval clams are planktonic, they become sessile in adulthood. The creature's mantle tissues act as a home for the symbiotic single-celled dinoflagellate algae (zooxanthellae) from which the adult clams get most of their food. By day, the clam opens its shell and extends its mantle tissue so that the algae get the sunlight they need to photosynthesize.
Taslima Memorial Academy

**Taslima Memorial Academy** is a high school situated in Patharghata Upazila, Barguna District, Bangladesh. It is one of the top high schools under the Barisal Education Board. It holds the top position in Barguna District and is a semi-public institution established on January 1, 1995, by former Mayor Mallik Mohammad Ayub. Offering classes from one to ten, the school operates in two shifts: morning (starting at 7:00 am) and day (starting at 10:00 am).

## Infobox (school)

- **name**: Taslima Memorial Academy
- **native name**: তাসলিমা মেমোরিয়াল একাডেমি
- **motto**: _শিক্ষার জন্য এসো, সেবার তরে যাও_
- **location**: College Road
Patharghata Upazila, Barguna District
- **country**: Bangladesh
- **postcode**: 8720
- **schoolboard**: Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Barisal
- **district**: Barguna District
- **grades**: Class I-X
- **gender**: Boys and Girls
- **headmaster**: Abul Bashar Azad
- **enrollment**: 900
- **faculty**: 30
- **language**: Bengali
- **communities**: Scouting
Ratchet & Clank: Rift Apart

***Ratchet & Clank: Rift Apart*** is a 2021 3D platformer and shooter game platform game developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment. The sequel to _Ratchet & Clank: Into the Nexus_ (2013) and the ninth main installment and sixth overall in the _Ratchet & Clank_ series, it was released for the PlayStation 5 on June 11, 2021. A Windows port, developed by Nixxes Software, was released on July 26, 2023. The game received positive reviews from critics, with particular praise given to its visuals, combat, and technical advancements. It had sold over 3.97 million units by June 2023.
.

## Voice cast

- James Arnold Taylor as Ratchet, a Lombax
- David Kaye as Clank
- Jennifer Hale as Rivet, a Lombax
- Debra Wilson as Kit
- Scott Whyte as Copernicus Leslie Qwark:  A superhero who protects the peace of the galaxy. He is wearing a green suit. In another dimension, he appears as a resistance named Captain Quantum, Whyte replaces Qwark actor Jim Ward due to his declining health.
- Zeke Alton as Nefarious Troopers
- Armin Shimerman as Dr. Nefarious
- Robin Atkin Downes as
    - Captain Quantum, He is the captain of the space pirates in Rivet's dimension and the alternate dimensional counterpart to Captain Qwark.
    - Emperor Nefarious

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Ratchet & Clank: Rift Apart
- **genre**: Platform game, Platform, third-person shooter
- **released**: June 11, 2021
- **platforms**: PlayStation 5
- **series**: _Ratchet & Clank_
- **artist**: Gavin Goulden
- **programmer**: Mike Fitzgerald
- **producer**: Joe Castagno
- **publisher**: Sony Interactive Entertainment
- **developer**: Insomniac Games
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player
Reproductive rights

**Reproductive rights** are the legal rights and freedoms related to reproduction and reproductive health that differ in countries across the world. The World Health Organization has defined women's reproductive rights as follows:
> Reproductive rights rest on the recognition of the basic right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health. They also include the right of all to make decisions concerning reproduction free of discrimination, coercion and violence.

Women's reproductive rights may include some or every of these: rights to receive education on sexually transmitted disease, freedoms from forced sterilizations or contraceptions, rights to menstrual health and abortion-rights movements.

## Criticisms

Some people that are against legalized abortion view the term "reproductive rights" as a euphemism to sway emotions in favor of abortion.