juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

**Victor Emmanuel II** (Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was king of Sardinia from 1849 until 17 March 1861. On that date, he took the title King of Italy to become the first king of a united Italy since the 6th century. He held that title until his death in 1878. The Italians called him "Father of the Homeland" ().

Victor Emmanuel was born at the _Palazzo Carignano_ in Turin. He was born the heir to the title of **Prince of Carignano**, which was one of the most senior members of the Sardinian royal court behind the monarch himself. He became ruler of the Kingdom of Sardinia when his father abdicated.

## Titles and styles

- 14 March 1820 - 23 March 1849: _His Highness_ Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy
- 23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861: _His Majesty_ The King of Sardinia
- 17 March 1861 – 9 January 1878: _His Majesty_ The King of Italy

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Vittorio Emanuele II
- **image**: VictorEmmanuel2.jpg
- **caption**: Victor Emmanuel II
- **succession**: King of Italy
- **predecessor**: Napoleon (1814)
- **successor**: Umberto I of Italy, Umberto I
- **birth date**: 14 March 1820
- **birth place**: Palazzo Carignano, Turin, Piedmont-Sardinia
- **death place**: Quirinal Palace, Rome, Kingdom of Italy, Italy
- **burial place**: Pantheon, Rome
- **issue-link**: #Family and children
- **issue-pipe**: see details...
- **full name**:

- **house**: House of Savoy, Savoy
- **father**: Charles Albert of Sardinia
- **mother**: Maria Theresa of Austria (1801–1855), Maria Theresa of Austria
- **image size**: 252px
- **succession1**: King of Sardinia; Duke of Savoy
- **reign1**: 23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861
- **predecessor1**: Charles Albert of Sardinia, Charles Albert
- **signature**: VittorioEmanueleII.signature.jpg
Gers (river)

The **Gers** is a river in France. It flows through the Hautes-Pyrénées, Gers and Lot-et-Garonne departments, in the Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine regions. The Gers department is named after this river.

The river's source is in the Pyrenees. It is a left tributary of the Garonne river. In general, it flows from south to north.

## Geography

The Gers river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of .

### Course

The source of the Gers is on the Plateau de Lannemezan, in the Lannemezan _commune_ (Hautes-Pyrénées), at an altitude of .

The Gers passes through the departments and towns of:
- Hautes-Pyrénées : Lannemezan, Monléon-Magnoac
- Gers : Chélan, Panassac, Masseube, Seissan, Pavie, Auch, Preignan, Montestruc-sur-Gers, Fleurance, Lectoure
- Lot-et-Garonne : Astaffort, Layrac

The Gers river flows through 48 _communes_ and 11 _cantons_.

Finally, it flows into the Garonne river to the south of Agen (Lot-et-Garonne), in the Layrac _commune_, at  of altitude.

## Main tributaries

- Left tributaries
    - Gèze -
    - Cédon -
    - Sousson -
    - Talouch -
    - Ousse -
    - Lauze -
    - Auchie -
- Right tributaries
    - Cier -
    - Arçon -
    - Aulouste -

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Other websites

- Banque Hydro - MEDDE, «Synthèse de la Banque Hydro - (O6372510)»

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Gers
- **image**: FR-32-Auch01.JPG
- **image caption**: Gers River in Auch
- **map**: Gers (rivière).png
- **source1 location**: Plateau de Lannemezan
- **mouth location**: Garonne
- **progression**:

- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Glyn Jones

**Glyn Idris Jones** (27 April 1931 — 2 April 2014) was a South African actor, writer and director. Jones wrote some scripts and had some minor roles in _Doctor Who_.

On 4 April 2014, it was announced on Jones had died on 2 April.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Glyn Jones
- **death place**: Vamos, Crete
- **occupation**: Actor, writer, director
Virginie Korte-van Hemel

**Virginie Norbertina Maria Korte-van Hemel** (May 8, 1929 – April 3, 2014) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the CDA on behalf of the House and Senate. In the cabinets Lubbers I and Lubbers II, she was Secretary for Justice.

She was also an alderman of Bussum from 1970 to 1974.

Hemel was born in Bergen op Zoom and died in Bussum, aged 84.
Erzsi Kovács

**Erzsi Kovács** DRH (2 June 1928 – 6 April 2014) was a Hungarian pop singer and performer.

She made her last album, "Mosolyogva búcsúzom" (English title: "I Leave with a Smile") when she was 79 years old. She was awarded the highest honor in Hungary, the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary.

She died after long illness on 6 April 2014.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Erzsi Kovács
- **image**: Kovács Erzsi fortepan 138561.jpg
- **caption**: Erzsi Kovács in 1959
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Erzsébet Kovács
- **birth date**: 2 June 1928
- **birth place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **death date**: 6 April 2014 (aged 85)
- **death place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **genre**: jazz, blues, bossa nova
- **instrument**: Vocals
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 1950s-2014
- **label**: Hungaroton
Jacques Castérède

**Jacques Castérède** (10 April 1926 – 6 April 2014) was a French composer and pianist. He won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1953 with his cantata _La boîte de Pandore_ (_Pandora's Box_). He was born in Paris.

Castérède died on 6 April 2014 in Dijon from natural causes, aged 87.
Čedo Vuković

**Čedo Vuković** (28 September 1920 -  7 April 2014) was a Montenegrin writer. He wrote many books for children. Some of them include; "Svemoćno oko" (_Allmighty Eye_), "Letjelica profesora Bistrouma" (_Flying Machine of Professor Brightmind_) and "Tim Lavlje srce" (_Lion-heart Team_). Vuković was born in Đulići, Andrijevica city in north-eastern Montenegro.

Vuković died in Budva after long-illness on April 7, 2014, aged 93.
A. N. R. Robinson

**Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson** (16 December 1926 – 9 April 2014) was a Trinbagonian politician.

He was the third President of Trinidad and Tobago, serving from 19 March 1997 to 17 March 2003. He was also Trinidad and Tobago's third Prime Minister, serving from 18 December 1986 to 17 December 1991.

Robinson helped create the International Criminal Court.

Robinson died at the St Claire Medical Center, in Port of Spain, aged 87.

## Other websites

- A.N.R. Robinson's government biography
- Notice of death

## Infobox (president)

- **honorific-prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson
- **honorific-suffix**: Senior Counsel, SC Order of the Caribbean Community, OCC Trinity Cross, TC
- **image**: A. N. R. Robinson (cropped).jpg
- **nationality**: Citizen of Trinidad and Tobago
- **order**: List of Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago, 3rd President of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start**: 19 March 1997
- **term end**: 17 March 2003
- **predecessor**: Noor Hassanali
- **successor**: Prof. George Maxwell Richards
- **primeminister**: Basdeo Panday
 Patrick Manning
- **order2**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, 3rd Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start2**: 18 December 1986
- **term end2**: 17 December 1991
- **president2**: Ellis Clarke
 Noor Hassanali
- **predecessor2**: George Chambers
- **successor2**: Patrick Manning
- **birth place**: Calder Hall, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- **spouse**: Patricia Robinson
- **alma mater**: University of London
Oxford University
Port of Spain

**Port of Spain** is the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 49,031 people live here. It is the third largest city in the country. It served as its capital since the 1700s.
Chaguanas

**Chaguanas** is the largest city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 84,000 people live here. In 1990, it was made a borough.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Chaguanas
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population density km2**: 1416
- **population rank**: List of cities and towns in Trinidad and Tobago, 1st
- **population total**: 83,489
- **population as of**: 2011
- **area total sq mi**: 23
- **area total km2**: 59
- **population urban**: 101,297
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Trinidad and Tobago, Postal Code
- **footnotes**: _Human Development Index, HDI_ The HDI for Trinidad and Tobago is 0.814, which gives the country a rank of 19th out of 177 countries with data (2007/2008) – <span style="colour:#090">high</span>
- **blank info**: 665, 671, 672, 829
- **blank name**: Telephone Exchanges
- **area code**: Area code 868, (868)
- **postal code**: 50xxxx, 52xxxx
- **elevation m**: 48
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone**: Atlantic Time Zone, AST
- **population demonym**: Chaguanans
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **official name**: Borough of Chaguanas
- **pushpin map**: Trinidad and Tobago#Caribbean#North America
- **map caption**: Location of Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **image caption**: Chaguanas Main Road and Price Plaza
- **image skyline**: Chaguanas Points of Interest.png
- **named for**: Chaguanes Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous tribe
- **settlement type**: Borough
- **leader name1**: Faaiq Mohammed
- **established date2**: 13 September 1990
- **established title2**: Borough
- **established date**: 1797
- **established title**: Settled
- **government blank2**: 2/Trinidad and Tobago Parliament constituencies, 41
- **government blank2 title**: House of Representatives (Trinidad and Tobago), House seats
- **government blank1**: 8 electoral districts
- **government blank1 title**: Borough Corporation seats
- **leader name2**: _Vacant_
- **leader title2**: Deputy Mayor
- **leader title1**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Chaguanas Borough Corporation
- **leader title**: Governing body
- **subdivision name2**: Borough of Chaguanas
- **subdivision type2**: Regional Corporations and Municipalities of Trinidad and Tobago, Jurisdiction
- **website**: [http://www.chaguanasborough.com/ www.chaguanasborough.com]
San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago

**San Fernando** is the second largest city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 50,000 people live here. It used to be a borough, but was made into a city in 1988. Pitch Lake is located here.

## Twin towns – sister cities

San Fernando has a sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:
- New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, Canada
- La Trinité, Martinique, France

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: San Fernando
- **official name**: City of San Fernando
- **nickname**: Sando
- **named for**: Ferdinand III of Castile, Saint Ferdinand III of Castile
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: _Sanitas Fortis_
 In a Healthy Environment We Will Find Strength.
- **image skyline**: STAPP 008 San Fernando Independence Avenue (cropped).jpg
- **image caption**: Independence Avenue in Downtown San Fernando
- **image map**: File:SanFdo.PNG
- **map caption**: Location on the island of Trinidad
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regional Corporations and Municipalities of Trinidad and Tobago, Jurisdiction
- **subdivision name1**: City of San Fernando
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Junia Regrello
- **leader name1**: Governing body
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1595
- **established title2**: Borough
- **established date2**: 1853
- **established title3**: City
- **established date3**: November 18th, 1989
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area urban km2**: 18.64
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population rank**: List of cities and towns in Trinidad and Tobago, 2nd
- **population total**: 82,997
- **population metro**: 34,159
- **population urban**: 48,838
- **population density urban km2**: 2570
- **population density urban sq mi**: auto
- **population demonym**: San Fernandian
- **timezone**: Atlantic Standard Time, AST
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: Not Observed
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Trinidad and Tobago, Postal Code
- **postal code**: 60xxxx, 61xxxx, 65xxxx
- **area code**: Area code 868, + 1 (868) 652, 653, 657, 658, 697, 831
- **footnotes**: _Human Development Index, HDI_ The HDI for Trinidad and Tobago is 0.814, which gives the country a rank of 19th out of 177 countries with data (2007/2008) – <span style="color:#090">high</span>
George Maxwell Richards

**George Maxwell Richards**, TC, CM (1 December 1931 – 8 January 2018) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the fourth President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was in office from 2003 to 2013.

Richards died in Port of Spain on 8 January 2018 of congestive heart failure at the age of 86.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: George Maxwell Richards
- **image**: Professor George Maxwell Richards 1 (cropped 2).jpg
- **honorific-suffix**: Trinity Cross, TC Chaconia Medal, CM
- **office**: 4th President of Trinidad and Tobago
- **primeminister**: Patrick Manning
Kamla Persad-Bissessar
- **term start**: 17 March 2003
- **term end**: 17 March 2013
- **predecessor**: A. N. R. Robinson, Arthur Robinson
- **successor**: Anthony Carmona
- **birth place**: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago, San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- **party**: Independent (politician), Independent
- **spouse**: Jean Ramjohn-Richards, Jean Ramjohn
- **alma mater**: University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, University of Manchester
Pembroke College, Cambridge
Basdeo Panday

**Basdeo Panday** (May 25, 1933 – January 1, 2024) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served as Prime Minister from 1995 to 2001.

Panday died on January 1, 2024 at a hospital in Jacksonville, Florida from pneumonia at the age of 90.

## Infobox (politician)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **image**: Basdeo Panday with Mikko Pyhälä (Ambassador of Finland) (cropped).jpg
- **name**: Basdeo Panday
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, 5th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start**: November 10, 1995
- **term end**: December 23, 2001
- **president**: Noor Hassanali
 A. N. R. Robinson
- **predecessor**: Patrick Manning
- **successor**: Patrick Manning
- **constituency**: Couva North
- **office2**: Political Leader
 United National Congress
- **term start2**: September 10, 2006
- **term end2**: January 24, 2010
- **predecessor2**: Winston Dookeran
- **successor2**: Kamla Persad-Bissessar
- **term start3**: April 30, 1989
- **term end3**: October 2, 2005
- **successor3**: Winston Dookeran
- **birth place**: Princes Town, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Jacksonville, Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States, U.S.
- **party**: United National Congress
- **spouse**: Oma Panday
- **occupation**: Lawyer
Politician
Anthony Carmona

**Anthony Thomas Aquinas Carmona**, SC, ORTT (born March 7, 1953) is a Trinidadian politician. He was the fifth President of Trinidad and Tobago. He became president in 2013, and left office in 2018.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Anthony Carmona
- **honorific-suffix**: Senior Counsel, SC Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, ORTT
- **office**: 5th President of Trinidad and Tobago
- **primeminister**: Kamla Persad-Bissessar
- **term start**: 18 March 2013
- **term end**: 19 March 2018
- **image**: Anthony Carmona.jpg
- **predecessor**: George Maxwell Richards
- **successor**: Paula-Mae Weekes
- **office1**: Judges of the International Criminal Court, Judge of the International Criminal Court
- **appointer1**: International Criminal Court#Assembly of States Parties, Assembly of States Parties
- **term start1**: 11 March 2012
- **term end1**: 18 March 2013
- **birthname**: Anthony Thomas Aquinas Carmona
- **birth place**: Palo Seco, Trinidad and Tobago, Palo Seco, Trinidad and Tobago
- **party**: Independent (politician), Independent
- **spouse**: Reema Harrysingh-Carmona
- **alma mater**: University of the West Indies
Hugh Wooding Law School
Ellis Clarke

**Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke**, TC, GCMG (28 December 191730 December 2010) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second and last Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago and the first President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was one of the people who created Trinidad and Tobago's 1962 Independence constitution.

## References

He received the La Orden del liberator (The order of the liberator) Venezuela's highest public order, in 1986.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke
- **honorific-suffix**: Trinity Cross, TC Order of St Michael and St George, GCMG
- **image**: Sir Ellis Clarke (cropped 2).jpg
- **nationality**: Trinidad and Tobago
- **order**: 1st List of Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago, President of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start**: 1 August 1976
- **term end**: 13 March 1987
- **successor**: Noor Hassanali
- **primeminister**: Eric Williams  George Chambers  A.N.R. Robinson
- **order2**: List of Governors-General of Trinidad and Tobago, Governor General of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start2**: 15 September 1972
- **term end2**: 1 August 1976
- **predecessor2**: Solomon Hochoy
- **primeminister2**: Eric Williams
- **birth place**: Belmont, Trinidad and Tobago, Belmont, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Maraval, Trinidad and Tobago
- **spouse**: Ermyntrude Hagley
- **alma mater**: University College London – University of London
Karlheinz Deschner

**Karl Heinrich Leopold Deschner** (23 May 1924 – 8 April 2014) was a German researcher, humanist, activist and writer. He was known in Europe for his in-depth and strong dislike towards Christianity in general and the Catholic Church. This was the subject of many of his articles and books. His best known work was the 10 volume opus _Christianity's Criminal History_ (_Kriminalgeschichte des Christentums_, Rowohlt Verlag GmbH, Reinbek). He was born in Bamberg, Bavaria, Weimar Republic.

Deschner died on 8 April 2014 in Haßfurt, Bavaria, Germany. He was 89 years old.
Noor Hassanali

**Noor Mohamed Hassanali**, TC (13 August 1918 – 25 August 2006) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second President of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 1987 to 1997.

## Other websites

- Biography from Nalis.
- Biographical summary from Nalis.
- Noor Hassanali: Trinidad's Living Legend  – Nancy Graydon, _Border Lines_, University of Toronto; Fall 2003.
- Hassanalis 50th Anniversary  – Angela Pidduck

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Noor Mohamed Hassanali
- **honorific suffix**: Trinity Cross, TC
- **nationality**: Citizen of Trinidad and Tobago
- **order**: 2nd List of Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago, President of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start**: 19 March 1987
- **term end**: 19 March 1997
- **predecessor**: Ellis Clarke
- **successor**: A. N. R. Robinson
- **primeminister**: A.N.R. Robinson  Patrick Manning  Basdeo Panday
- **birth place**: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago, San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Trinidad and Tobago
- **spouse**: Zalayhar Hassanali
- **profession**: Lawyer
Patrick Manning

**Patrick Augustus Mervyn Manning** (17 August 1946 – 2 July 2016) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the fourth Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 17 December 1991 to 9 November 1995 and again from 24 December 2001 to 26 May 2010.

Manning died on 2 July 2016 at a hospital in San Fernando from acute myeloid leukemia, aged 69.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Patrick Manning
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of Parliament, MP
- **image**: Patrick Manning 2008.jpg
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, 4th & 6th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
- **president**: A. N. R. Robinson, Arthur Robinson
George Maxwell Richards
- **term start**: 24 December 2001
- **term end**: 26 May 2010
- **predecessor**: Basdeo Panday
- **successor**: Kamla Persad-Bissessar
- **president2**: Noor Hassanali
- **term start2**: 17 December 1991
- **term end2**: 9 November 1995
- **predecessor2**: A. N. R. Robinson, Arthur Robinson
- **successor2**: Basdeo Panday
- **office3**: Leader of the Opposition
- **term start3**: 6 November 1995
- **term end3**: 24 December 2001
- **predecessor3**: Basdeo Panday
- **successor3**: Basdeo Panday
- **term start4**: 1986
- **term end4**: 1991
- **predecessor4**: Basdeo Panday
- **successor4**: Basdeo Panday
- **office5**: Leader of the People's National Movement
- **term start5**: 19 December 1986
- **term end5**: 26 May 2010
- **predecessor5**: George Chambers
- **successor5**: Keith Rowley
- **office6**: Commonwealth Chairperson-in-Office, 6th Chairperson-in-office of the Commonwealth of Nations
- **term start6**: 27 November 2009
- **term end6**: 25 May 2010
- **1blankname6**: Head of the Commonwealth, Head
- **1namedata6**: Elizabeth II
- **predecessor6**: Yoweri Museveni
- **successor6**: Kamla Persad-Bissessar
- **birth place**: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago
- **party**: People's National Movement
- **spouse**: Hazel Manning
- **alma mater**: University of the West Indies
- **website**: [http://www.meetmanning.com Official website]
Eric Williams

**Eric Eustace Williams** (25 September 1911 – 29 March 1981) was a Trinidadian politician. He served as the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served as prime minister from 1962 until his death in 1981.

He was also a known Caribbean historian, and is widely thought as "The Father of The Nation" to Trinidadians.

Williams died from throat cancer in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, aged 69.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Dr. Eric Eustace Williams
- **honorific-suffix**: Trinity Cross, TC
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start**: August 31, 1962
- **term end**: March 29, 1981
- **president**: Solomon Hochoy
 Ellis Clarke
- **predecessor**: _Prime Minister established_
- **successor**: George Chambers
- **office2**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, Premier of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start2**: 9 July 1959
- **term end2**: 31 August 1962
- **predecessor2**: _Position established_
- **successor2**: _Position abolished_
- **office3**: List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, Chief Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
- **term start3**: October 28, 1956
- **term end3**: July 9, 1959
- **predecessor3**: Albert Gomes
- **successor3**: _Post abolished_
- **office4**: Political Leader of the People's National Movement
- **term start4**: 1955
- **term end4**: 1981
- **predecessor4**: _Party established_
- **successor4**: George Chambers
- **birth place**: Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- **death place**: Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- **party**: PNM
- **children**: Alistair Williams, Pamela Williams, Erica Williams Connell
- **alma mater**: St. Catherine's College, Oxford
Hans Albert

**Hans Albert** (8 February 1921 – 24 October 2023) was a German philosopher. He was born in Cologne, Germany. His fields of research are Social Sciences and General Studies of Methods. He was a critical rationalist, giving special attention to rational heuristics (problem solving).

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1989.

Albert died on 24 October 2023 in Heidelberg, Germany at the age of 102.

## Decorations and awards

- Iron Cross, 2nd class
- 1976: Ernst Hellmut Vits Prize
- 1994: Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class
- 2008: Merit Cross 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany (_Verdienstkreuz 1. Klasse_)

## Infobox (philosopher)

- **region**: Western philosophy
- **era**: Contemporary philosophy
- **name**: Hans Albert
- **image**: Hans Albert 2005.jpg
- **caption**: Albert in 2005
- **birth place**: Cologne, Rhine Province, Free State of Prussia, Prussia, Weimar Republic, Germany
- **main interests**: Philosophy of social science, Philosophy of science, epistemology, Rationality, Uncertainty, Justificationism
- **influences**: Karl Popper, Karl-Otto Apel, Max Weber
- **notable ideas**: Application of critical rationalism to social and political theory Münchhausen trilemma
Danielle Darrieux

**Danielle Yvonne Marie Antoinette Darrieux** (1 May 1917 – 17 October 2017) was a French actress and singer. She has appeared in more than 110 movies since 1931. She is one of France's great movie stars and her eighty-year career.

Darrieux was born in Bordeaux, France. She died on 17 October 2017 in Bois-le-Roi, France from complications of a fall, aged 100 year old. For her long service to the motion picture industry, in 1985 Danielle was given an Honorary César Award.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Danielle Darrieux
- **image**: Danielle Darrieux Five Fingers 2.jpg
- **caption**: from _5 Fingers_ (1952)
- **birth name**: Danielle Yvonne Marie Antoinette Darrieux
- **birth place**: Bordeaux, France
- **death date**: 17 October 2017 (age 100)
- **death place**: Bois-le-Roi, Eure, Bois-le-Roi, France
- **years active**: 1931–2010
- **spouse**: Henri Decoin (1935–1941)
 Porfirio Rubirosa (1942–1947)
 Georges Mitsikidès (1948–1991)
Mandy Patinkin

**Mandel Bruce "Mandy" Patinkin** (born November 30, 1952) is an American actor and tenor singer. He is known for his roles in _Alien Nation_ (1988), _Yentl_ (1983), and _Dick Tracy_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mandy Patinkin
- **image**: MandyPatinkin 1 13 12.JPG
- **caption**: Patinkin outside the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on January 13, 2012
- **birth name**: Mandel Bruce Patinkin
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **spouse**: Kathryn Grody (m. 1980)
- **children**: 2
- **occupation**: Actor, singer, voice artist, comedian
- **years active**: 1968-present
Aino-Maija Tikkanen

**Aino-Maija Tikkanen** (2 November 1927 – 3 March 2014) was a Finnish actress. She appeared in 15 movies between 1954 and 2010. She was born in Turku.

Tikkanen died on 3 March 2014 in Helsinki. She was 86 years old.

## Selected movies

- _The Harvest Month_ (1956)
- _Äideistä parhain_ (2005)

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Aino-Maija-Tikkanen.jpg
- **name**: Aino-Maija Tikkanen
- **birth place**: Turku, Finland
- **death place**: Helsinki, Finland
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 1954–2010
Yvette Chauviré

**Yvette Chauviré** (22 April 1917 – 19 October 2016) was a French prima ballerina and actress. She was born in Paris. Her dancing career was from 1937 to 1972. She was the étoile of the Paris Opera Ballet, and later its director. She was the holder of the Légion d'Honneur.

She died at her home in Paris on 19 October 2016, aged 99.
Wendell H. Ford

**Wendell Hampton Ford** (September 8, 1924 – January 22, 2015) was an American politician. He served for twenty-four years in the U.S. Senate and was the 53rd Governor of Kentucky. He was the first person to be successively elected lieutenant governor, governor, and U.S. senator in Kentucky history.

Ford died in Owensboro, Kentucky from lung cancer, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Wendell Ford profile, NNDB
Dale Bumpers

**Dale Leon Bumpers** (August 12, 1925 – January 1, 2016) was an American politician. He served as the 38th Governor of Arkansas from 1971 to 1975. Bumpers served in the United States Senate from 1975 until his retirement in January 1999.

After his retirement from the Senate, Bumpers, a self-declared close friend of President Clinton, acted as defense attorney during Clinton's impeachment trial. He gave an impassioned closing argument during the Senate trial.

Bumpers died on January 1, 2016 at his home in Little Rock, Arkansas from complications from a fall at the age of 90. Bumpers was suffering from Alzheimer's disease at the time of his death.

## Other websites

- Clinton, Bill (2005). _My Life_. Vintage. .
- Complete text and audio and video  of Dale Bumpers' Closing Defense Arguments at the Impeachment Trial of William Jefferson Clinton
- Defense Who's Who", Washington Post, January 19, 1999 https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/clinton/defense.htm
- Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture entry: Dale Leon Bumpers
- Transcript: Former Senator Dale Bumpers – Senate Floor January 21, 1999

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birthname**: Dale Leon Bumpers
- **nationality**: American
- **image**: Dale Bumpers.jpg
- **imagesize**: 175px
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Arkansas
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **term start**: January 3, 1975
- **term end**: January 3, 1999
- **preceded**: William Fulbright
- **succeeded**: Blanche L. Lincoln
- **order2**: 38th Governor of Arkansas
- **term start2**: January 12, 1971
- **term end2**: January 3, 1975
- **lieutenant2**: Bob C. Riley
- **preceded2**: Winthrop Rockefeller
- **succeeded2**: Bob C. Riley
<small>as Acting Governor</small>
- **birth place**: Charleston, Arkansas, Charleston, Arkansas, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Little Rock, Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.
- **spouse**: Betty Bumpers
- **alma mater**: University of Arkansas
Northwestern University Law School
- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1943-1946
Lakhdar Brahimi

**Lakhdar Brahimi** (<small>Algerian pronunciation:</small> ; ; born 1 January 1934) is an Algerian diplomat and politician. He is the United Nations envoy and advisor. Since August 2012, he was the United Nations and Arab League Special Envoy to Syria.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lakhdar Brahimi
- **image**: Lakhdar Brahimi 3.jpg
- **office**: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Algeria), Minister of Foreign Affairs
- **primeminister**: Sid Ahmed Ghozali
Belaid Abdessalam
- **term start**: 5 June 1991
- **term end**: 3 February 1993
- **predecessor**: Sid Ahmed Ghozali
- **successor**: Redha Malek
- **office1**: United Nations and Arab League Envoy to Syria
- **1blankname1**: Secretary General
- **1namedata1**: Ban Ki-moon (United Nations, UN)
Nabil Elaraby (Arab League, AL)
- **term start1**: 1 September 2012
- **predecessor1**: Kofi Annan
- **birth place**: El Azizia, Médéa, El Azizia, French Algeria, Algeria
- **party**: National Liberation Front (Algeria), National Liberation Front
- **children**: Princess Rym, Rym
Fernando Henrique Cardoso

**Fernando Henrique Cardoso** (; born June 18, 1931), also known by his initials **FHC** () is a Brazilian politician. He was the 34th President of Brazil. He served for two terms from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2002.

## Related pages

- List of Brazilian scientists

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Fernando Henrique Cardoso
- **birth name**: Fernando Henrique Cardoso
- **image**: FHC 2019.jpg
- **order**: List of Presidents of Brazil, 34th
- **office**: President of Brazil
- **vicepresident**: Marco Maciel
- **term start**: January 1, 1995
- **term end**: December 31, 2002
- **predecessor**: Itamar Franco
- **successor**: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
- **office2**: 192nd Ministry of Finance (Brazil), Minister of Finance
- **president2**: Itamar Franco
- **term start2**: May 19, 1993
- **term end2**: March 30, 1994
- **predecessor2**: Eliseu Resende
- **successor2**: Rubens Ricupero
- **office3**: 119th Ministry of External Relations (Brazil), Minister of External Relations
- **president3**: Itamar Franco
- **term start3**: October 5, 1992
- **term end3**: May 20, 1993
- **predecessor3**: Celso Lafer
- **successor3**: Luiz Felipe Palmeira Lampreia
- **office4**: Senate of Brazil, Federal Senator from São Paulo (state), Sao Paulo
- **term start4**: March 15, 1983
- **term end4**: October 5, 1992
- **predecessor4**: Dulce Sales Cunha Braga
- **successor4**: Marcos Ribeiro de Mendonça
- **birth place**: Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **party**: Brazilian Social Democracy Party - PSDB
- **spouse**: Ruth Corrêa Leite Cardoso <small> (1953-2008, her death) </small>
- **children**: Paulo Henrique Cardoso
 Luciana Cardoso
 Beatriz Cardoso
- **residence**: São Paulo
- **alma mater**: Universidade de São Paulo
- **profession**: Sociologist
Shimabara Rebellion

**Shimabara Rebellion**, was an uprising in southwestern Japan.  It lasted from December 17, 1637 until April 15, 1638, during the Edo period.  It largely involved peasants, most of them Catholic Christians.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Shimabara Rebellion
- **partof**: the early Edo period
- **image**: Remains of Hara castle.jpg
- **caption**: Remains of Hara castle
- **date**: Late 1637- Early 1638
- **place**: Minamishimabara, Nagasaki Prefecture, Nagasaki
- **casus**: Peasants and masterless samurai rebelling against overtaxation and religious oppression
- **result**: Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa victory; Christianity in Japan driven underground
- **combatant1**:  Tokugawa shogunate
 Dutch Empire
- **combatant2**: Christian rebels
- **commander1**:  Itakura ShigemasaKilled in action, †
 Matsukura KatsuieKilled in action, †
 Matsudaira Nobutsuna
 Nicolaes Couckebacker
- **commander2**: Amakusa ShirōKilled in action, †
Masuda YoshitsuguKilled in action, †
Yamada EmosakuKilled in action, †
- **strength1**: Over 125,000
- **strength2**: Between 27,000 and 37,000
- **casualties1**: 1900 dead, 11,000 wounded
- **casualties2**: Over 27,000 dead
Vladimir Zinchenko

**Vladimir Petrovich Zinchenko** (; 10 August 1931 – 6 February 2014) was a Russian psychologist, academician, educator and writer. He got a Ph.D. in 1957. He was also an editor-in-chief of the journal of _Cultural-Historical Psychology_. He was born in Kharkiv, Soviet Union (now Ukraine).

Zinchenko died on 6 February 2014 in Moscow, Russia. He was 82 years old.

## Other websites

- Vladimir Zinchenko biography
Thomas Kurzhals

**Thomas Kurzhals** (13 December 1953 – 2 January 2014) was a German keyboardist, composer and musician. He was best known as a member of the rock bands Stern-Combo Meißen and Karat. He was born in Ronneburg, Thuringia, East Germany.

Kurzhals died from liver cirrhosis on 2 January 2014 in Glauchau, Saxony. He was 60 years old.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Thomas Kurzhals
- **image**: Thomas Kurzhals 2011.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Kurzhals, performing with Stern-Combo Meißen in August 2011.
- **birth name**: Thomas Kurzhals
- **birth place**: Ronneburg, Thuringia, Ronneburg, Thuringia, East Germany
- **death place**: Glauchau, Saxony, Germany
- **alma mater**: Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber
- **occupation**: Keyboardist, composer, musician
- **years active**: 1972–2014
Dominique Baudis

**Dominique Baudis** (; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014) was a French ombudsman, journalist and politician. He was the Mayor of Toulouse, Haute-Garonne from March 1983 until January 2001. He was also a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement. He was born in Paris.

Baudis died from cancer on 10 April 2014 in Paris. He was 66 years old.

## Other websites

- Dominique Baudis at the European Parliament

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dominique Baudis
- **image**: Dominique Baudis devant le Parlement européen.jpg
- **caption**: Dominique Baudis in 2009
- **birth place**: Paris, France
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **nationality**: France, French
- **occupation**: Journalist
Politician
Writer
West Malling

**West Malling** is a small market town in Tonbridge and Malling, Kent, England. Its postcode is ME19.

There are many historical sites in West Malling that make it a popular place to visit. There are many shops. There is a population of between 3,000 and 5,000 people. St Mary's Church is at the top of the High Street.
Kaleph Jõulu

**Kaleph Jõulu** (15 November 1927 – 22 January 2014) was an Estonian educator, writer and folklore collector. He was best known for his book _Maailma 33333 rahvatarkust_ (2013). He won the Rahvaluule kogumispreemia (Folklore Prize) four times (1994, 1996, 1997, 2007). He was born in Rapla, Rapla County.

Jõulu died on 22 January 2014 in Viljandi, Viljandi County. He was 86 years old.

## Other websites

- Kaleph Jõulu books
Nigel Evans

**Nigel Martin Evans** (born 10 November 1957) is a British politician. He was born in Swansea, Wales. He is the Second Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means and has been the Member of Parliament for Ribble Valley since 1992. He was a Conservative until 2013. Since then he has been an Independent. He was First Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means from 2010 to 2013.

## Personal life

Evans lives in Pendleton, Lancashire. He is openly gay. In 2014 at Preston Crown Court, he was acquitted of nine sex crimes, including a rape.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: Nigel Evans
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), MP
- **image**: Official portrait of Mr Nigel Evans crop 2.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2017
- **office**: Chairman of Ways and Means, Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons
Second Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
Charles III
- **1blankname**: Speaker
- **1namedata**: Lindsay Hoyle
- **predecessor**: Rosie Winterton
- **term start**: 8 January 2020
- **office1**: Executive Secretary of the 1922 Committee
- **leader1**: Theresa May
Boris Johnson
- **term end1**: 8 January 2020
- **alongside1**: Bob Blackman
- **predecessor1**: Peter Bone &
Christopher Chope
- **successor1**: Gary Sambrook
- **office2**: Chairman of Ways and Means, Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons
First Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means
- **1blankname2**: Speaker
- **1namedata2**: John Bercow
- **predecessor2**: Sylvia Heal
- **successor2**: Eleanor Laing
- **term start2**: 8 June 2010
- **term end2**: 10 September 2013
- **office4**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
for Ribble Valley (UK Parliament constituency), Ribble Valley
- **predecessor4**: Michael Carr (Liberal Democrat politician), Michael Carr
- **majority4**: 18,439 (33.4%)
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative (until 2013, 2014–present)
Independent politician, Independent (2013–2014)
- **leader3**: William Hague
Iain Duncan Smith
Michael Howard
- **office3**: Shadow Secretary of State for Wales
- **predecessor3**: Angela Browning, Baroness Browning, Angela Browning
- **successor3**: Bill Wiggin
- **birth name**: Nigel Martin Evans
- **birth place**: Swansea, Wales
- **nationality**: British people, British
- **alma mater**: Swansea University
- **term start3**: 11 June 2001
- **term end3**: 11 November 2003
- **term start4**: 9 April 1992
Karin Dreijer Andersson

**Karin Elisabeth Dreijer Andersson** (born 7 April 1975), also known by her stage name **Fever Ray**, is the lead singer of The Knife.

## Early life

Andersson was born in Nacka, Sweden. She started playing the guitar when she was 10.

## Personal life

Andersson is married to Kent Peter Kristian Andersson and has two children.
Władysław Filipowiak

**Władysław Filipowiak** (29 April 1926 – 31 March 2014) was a Polish professor, writer, and archaeologist. He was a former director of the National Museum in Szczecin.

He was the author of over 200 publications in the field of early medieval archeology. Filipowiak was born in Kaczycach, Poland.

Filipowiak died on 31 March 2014 in Szczecin, Poland from natural causes, aged 87.
Owen Chadwick

**William Owen Chadwick**, OM, KBE, FBA, FRSE (20 May 1916 – 17 July 2015) was a British professor, writer and prominent historian of Christianity. He was also a rugby union player.

Chadwick was born in Bromley, Kent, England. He died at the age of 99 on 17 July 2015.
Albert Brooks

**Albert Lawrence Brooks** (born **Albert Lawrence Einstein**; July 22, 1947) is an American actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter. He is known for his roles in _Modern Romance_ (1981), _Lost in America_ (1985), _Defending Your Life_ (1991), _Finding Nemo_ (2003), _The Simpsons Movie_ (2007), and _Drive_ (2011).

Brooks was born in Beverly Hills, California.

## Infobox (person)

- **birth name**: Albert Lawrence Einstein
- **birth place**: Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
- **image**: Albert Brooks at 'Drive' premiere TIFF 9.10.11.jpg
- **caption**: Brooks in 2011
- **years active**: 1969–present
- **spouse**: Kimberly Shlain
(1997–present; 2 children)
Carlo Maria Martini

**Carlo Maria Martini, S.J.**, (15 February 1927 – 31 August 2012) was an Italian Jesuit and cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Milan from 1980 to 2002.

Martini was born in Orbassano, Kingdom of Italy. He died in Gallarate, Italy on 31 August 2012 from Parkinson's disease, aged 85.
Jean Giraud

**Jean Henri Gaston Giraud** (8 May 1938 – 10 March 2012) was a French artist, cartoonist, and writer. He was known for his comic _Blueberry_. His pseudonym was **Mœbius** or **Gir**.

Giraud was born in Nogent-sur-Marne. He died on 10 March 2012 in Paris from lymphoma, aged 73.
Wisława Szymborska

**Wisława Szymborska-Włodek**, Maria Wisława Anna Szymborska  (2 July 1923 – 1 February 2012) was a Polish poet, essayist, and translator. She was the recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Szymborska was born in Prowent. She died on 1 February 2012 at home in Kraków from natural causes, aged 88.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Maria Wisława Anna Szymborska
- **image**: Szymborska 2011 (1).jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Wisława Szymborska, in Kraków, Poland 2011
- **birth place**: Prowent, Poland (now Kórnik, Poland)
- **death place**: Kraków, Poland
- **nationality**: Poles, Polish
- **spouse**: Adam Włodek (1948–1954; divorced)
Joe Dini

**Joseph E.** "**Joe**" **Dini, Jr.** (March 28, 1929 – April 10, 2014) was an American politician for the Democratic Party and business man. He was elected to the Nevada State Assembly for the 38th district (which includes Lyon County, Storey County and parts of Carson City) in 1967 and served until 2001. He also owned the Dini's Lucky Club from 1960 until 2007. He was born in Yerington, Nevada.

Dini died from heart failure after an illness on April 10, 2014 at a hosptial in Reno, Nevada. He was 85 years old.

## Other websites

- Joe Dini  at the Nevada Legislature
Vicco von Bülow

**Bernhard-Victor Christoph-Carl von Bülow**, short: **Vicco von Bülow**, _alias_ **Loriot** (12 November 1923 – 22 August 2011) was a German comedian, humorist, cartoonist, movie director, actor and writer.

He is best known for his cartoons, the sketches from his 1976 television series _Loriot_, alongside Evelyn Hamann, and his two movies, _Ödipussi_ (1988) and _Pappa Ante Portas_ (1991).

Von Bülow was born in Brandenburg an der Havel. He died on 22 August 2011 in Ammerland at Lake Starnberg, Germany from natural causes, aged 87.

## Other websites

- "Loriot, German Comedy Legend, Dead at 87", _The Hollywood Reporter_
- "Germany Mourns the Death of its Best Comedian", _Spiegel Online_
Andrew Wyeth

**Andrew Newell Wyeth** ( ; July 12, 1917 – January 16, 2009) was an American visual artist, primarily a realist painter, working mostly in a regionalist style. He was one of the best-known U.S. artists of the middle 20th century.

Wyeth was born in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. He was the youngest of N.C. Wyeth's five children. His siblings included artists Henriette Wyeth and Carolyn Wyeth as well as inventor Nathaniel Wyeth. In 1940, he married Betsy James, who would often model in his paintings.

On January 16, 2009, Wyeth died in his sleep in Chadds Ford after a brief illness. He was 91 years old.
Kathleen O'Malley

**Kathleen O'Malley** (born March 31, 1924) is an American retired actress. Her career began as a child. Her father was actor Pat O'Malley. Her screen debut came in 1926 in one of his movies, _My old Dutch_.

She appeared in many television series such as _Cover Girl_, _Lady on a Train_, _Two Tickets to Broadway_, _Maverick_, _Rawhide_ and _General Hospital_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kathleen O'Malley
- **birth place**: United States
- **occupation**: Film actress
- **yearsactive**: 1926-1998
Francesco Cossiga

**Francesco Cossiga** (26 July 1928 – 17 August 2010) was an Italian politician. He was the 8th President of Italy, serving from July 1985 to April 1992. He was the 42nd Prime Minister of Italy, serving from August 1979 to 1980.

Cossiga was born in Sassari, Sardinia. He died on 17 August 2010 in Rome, Italy from a respiratory infection, aged 82.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Francesco Cossiga
- **image**: Cossiga Francesco.jpg
- **caption**: Cossiga in 1990
- **order**: 8th President of Italy
- **primeminister**: Bettino Craxi
Amintore Fanfani
Giovanni Goria
Ciriaco De Mita
Giulio Andreotti
- **term start**: 3 July 1985
- **term end**: 28 April 1992
- **predecessor**: Sandro Pertini
- **successor**: Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
- **order3**: 42nd Prime Minister of Italy
- **president3**: Alessandro Pertini
- **term start3**: 4 August 1979
- **term end3**: 18 October 1980
- **predecessor3**: Giulio Andreotti
- **successor3**: Arnaldo Forlani
- **order4**: List of Presidents of the Senate of Italy, President of the Italian Senate
- **term start4**: 12 July 1983
- **term end4**: 3 July 1985
- **predecessor4**: Vittorino Colombo
- **successor4**: Amintore Fanfani
- **birth place**: Sassari, Sardinia, Kingdom of Italy
- **death place**: Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, Rome, Lazio, Italy
- **party**: Christian Democracy (Italy), DC
Democratic Union for the Republic, UDR
Union for the Republic (Italy), UpR
Independent politician, Independent
- **children**: 2, including Giuseppe
- **alma mater**: University of Sassari
Matteo Renzi

**Matteo Renzi** (; born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician. He was the 56th Prime Minister of Italy. He became Prime Minister on 22 February 2014. Before, he was the President of Florence Province from 2004 to 2009 and the Mayor of Florence from 2009 to 2014. He resigned on 5 December 2016.

## Other websites

- Official website of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers
- Renzi's personal website
- Renzi on his party's website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Matteo Renzi
- **honorific-prefix**: Senator
- **image**: Matteo Renzi 2015.jpeg
- **office**: 56th Prime Minister of Italy
- **president**: Giorgio Napolitano
Sergio Mattarella
- **term start**: 22 February 2014
- **term end**: 12 December 2016
- **predecessor**: Enrico Letta
- **successor**: Paolo Gentiloni
- **office1**: List of Secretaries of the Democratic Party (Italy), Secretary of the Democratic Party
- **deputy1**: Maurizio Martina
- **term start1**: 7 May 2017
- **term end1**: 12 March 2018
- **predecessor1**: Matteo Orfini
- **successor1**: Maurizio Martina
- **deputy2**: Lorenzo Guerini
Debora Serracchiani
- **term start2**: 15 December 2013
- **term end2**: 19 February 2017
- **predecessor2**: Guglielmo Epifani
- **successor2**: Matteo Orfini
- **office3**: Member of the Italian Senate, Senate of the Republic
- **term start3**: 23 March 2018
- **constituency3**: Florence
- **office4**: List of mayors of Florence, Mayor of Florence
- **term start4**: 22 June 2009
- **term end4**: 24 March 2014
- **predecessor4**: Leonardo Domenici
- **successor4**: Dario Nardella
- **office5**: President of the Province of Florence
- **term start5**: 14 June 2004
- **term end5**: 22 June 2009
- **predecessor5**: Michele Gesualdi
- **successor5**: Andrea Barducci
- **birth place**: Florence, Tuscany, Italy
- **party**: Italian People's Party (1994), People's Party
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, The Daisy
Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: University of Florence
- **signature**: Matteo Renzi signature.svg
Bayn Johnson

**Bayn Johnson** (born in November 4, 1958) is an American former actress, electric guitarist, and singer. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She appeared on season 1 (1969-1970) of _Sesame Street_. She also appeared as "Kelly (The Short Circus kid band member)" on seasons 3-4 (1973-1975) of _The Electric Company_.
Sue Townsend

**Susan Lillian** "**Sue**" **Townsend**, <small>FRSL</small> (2 April 1946 – 10 April 2014) was an English novelist and playwright. She was best known as the author of the Adrian Mole books. Most of her works combined comedy with social commentary and also wrote purely dramatic works. She was born in Leicester, Leicestershire.

Townsend was diagnosed with diabetes in the 1980s. She received a kidney from her elder son in 2009. She had a stroke in 2012. She died on 10 April 2014 at her home in Leicester after having another stroke. She was 68 years old.

## Other websites

- Sue Townsend  at Penguin Books