juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lanhydrock

**Lanhydrock** is a parish centred on a country estate and mansion in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The parish lies south of the town of Bodmin and is bounded to the north by Bodmin parish, to the south by Lanlivery parish and to the west by Lanivet parish. The population was 171 in the 2001 census.

The parish is in the Diocese of Truro. The parish church is dedicated to St Hydrock and stands in the grounds of Lanhydrock House. Parts date back to the late 15th century and the church has a chancel, nave, north and south aisles and three-stage battlemented tower with one bell.

## Lanhydrock House

The great house stands in extensive grounds above the River Fowey and is has been owned and managed by the National Trust since 1953. Much of the present house dates back to Victorian times but some sections date from the 1620s. It is a Grade I listed building and is set in gardens with formal areas. The hill behind the house is planted with a fine selection of shrubs and trees.

In 1620 the rich merchant Sir Richard Robartes acquired the estate and began building Lanhydrock House, designed to a four-sided layout around a central courtyard. Robartes died in 1624 but work on the building was continued by his son John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor. During the 18th century the east wing of the house was demolished leaving the U-shaped plan seen today. In 1881 a major fire destroyed the south wing and caused much damage to the central section. Of the main house only the north wing, with its 29 metre Long Gallery, and the front porch building survived intact, though the original gatehouse also dates back to the mid 17th century.
Common kestrel

The **common kestrel** (_Falco tinnunculus_) is a bird of prey species belonging to the kestrel group of the falcon family Falconidae. It is also known as the 'European kestrel', 'Eurasian kestrel', or 'Old World kestrel'. The bird lives all over Europe, Asia, and Africa.

In Britain, where no other brown falcon occurs, it is generally just called 'the kestrel'.

## Description

Kestrels are 32–39 cm (13–15 in) from head to tail. Their wings are 65–82 cm (26–32 in) when spread out. Females are larger. They are small compared with other birds of prey, but larger than most songbirds. Like the other _Falco_ species, they have long wings and a long tail.

Their feathers are mainly light brown with black spots on the top and buff with narrow blackish streaks on the underside.

### Food and feeding

When hunting, kestrels hover about 10–20 m (c.30–70 ft) above the ground. They can see the slightest movement. They can see small prey from a distance. Once they see the prey, the bird makes a short, steep dive. Kestrels eat almost any mouse-sized mammals like voles. They also eat shrews and true mice. Small birds are also eaten, mostly in the summer when young birds are born. The bird also eats spiders and beetles when it finds them.

## Other websites

- Kestrels in Israel
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
- Text of the Hopkins poem
- Kestrel on-line 2012: Brest, Belarus
Phoenix Cricket Club

**Phoenix Cricket Club** is a Dublin-based cricket club. It has five men's teams, one women's team several youth teams and a Tavern team in 2011.

## History

Phoenix Cricket Club was founded in 1830, by John Parnell, the father of Charles Stewart Parnell. It is the oldest cricket club in Ireland.

The club has been based in Dublin's Phoenix Park for nearly its entire history, apart from 1835–1853. During those years, Phoenix played their home games in fields near what is now the Grand Canal.

The Phoenix grounds have a pavilion, a square, full nets facilities, a bar, dressing room areas and car parking.

## Other websites

- Phoenix Cricket Club official Web site
- Irish cricket official web site
Citizens Bank Park

**Citizens Bank Park** is a Major League Baseball sporting venue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the home of the Major League Baseball team called the Philadelphia Phillies. It opened on May 3rd, 2004 and the first game played there was on April 12th, when the Phillies lost to the Cincinnati Reds. It seats 42,792 people and replaced the now demolished Veterans Stadium. It is part of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex.

## Infobox (stadium)

- **name**: Citizens Bank Park
- **image**:
- **location**: One Citizens Bank Way
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19148
- **broke ground**: June 28, 2002
- **opened**: April 3, 2004
- **owner**: The City Of Philadelphia
- **operator**: Philadelphia Phillies
Comcast-Spectacor Global Spectrum Division
- **surface**: Kentucky Blue Grass
- **scoreboard**: Left Field HD display Video Board,  × ,
Daktronics left field scoreboard message board, baseline message boards, HD displays and out-of-town scoreboards
- **construction cost**: United States dollar, $458 million
- **architect**: EwingCole (formerly Ewing Cole Cherry Brott) (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia)
Populous (formerly HOK Sport Kansas City, Missouri, Kansas City)
- **project manager**: John Stranix
- **main contractors**: L. F. Driscoll Co
Hunt Construction
Synterra, Ltd.
Don Todd Associates, Inc.
- **tenants**: Philadelphia Phillies (Major League Baseball, MLB) (2004–present)
- **seating capacity**: 42,792
- **dimensions**: **Left field foul pole**

**Left field power alley**

**The "Angle" (left of CF to LCF)**
 -  -
**Center field, straightaway**

**Right field power alley**

**Right field foul pole**
Janko keyboard

The **Jankó keyboard** is a musical keyboard layout for a piano designed by Paul von Jankó in 1882.

It is a 6-plus-6-keyboard with six rows. So there is the same fingering in all scales and the thumb has its own rows for a better moving on the keyboard.

For an 88 note (full size) keyboard, there would be 264 keys in total, with each note playable by 3 keys in vertical alignment. In the picture, the white keys have been coloured to show how the keys are interconnected.

Now the Jankó keyboard is used for an electronic keyboard, the Chromatone 312.

## Other websites

- The Lippens Keyboard
- The Chromatone 312

- Daskin Uniform Keyboard
Paul von Jankó

**Paul von Jankó** (June 2, 1856 – March 17, 1919) was a Hungarian pianist and engineer.

He first studied mathematics and music in Vienna, where he was a pupil of H. Schmitt, J. Krenn and Anton Bruckner. He then moved to Berlin where he during the years 1881 and 1882 studied mathematics at the city's University, and piano with H. Erlich. In 1882 Jankó invented the Janko keyboard, a 6-plus-6-keyboard with 6 rows of keys.
Egypt at the Olympics

**Egypt** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1912.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Egypt is EGY.

## History

Egypt has sent athletes to most of the Summer Olympic Games since then.  Egypt did was not at the 1976 Summer Olympics because of the African boycott.  Egypt was at the Winter Olympic Games with a single alpine skier in 1984.

Egyptian athletes have won a total of 24 medals.

The National Olympic Committee for Egypt was formed in 1910.

## Medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:12em"|Name|style="width:10em"|Games|style="width:10em"|Sport|style="width:10em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||1928 Amsterdam|Weightlifting|Men's light heavyweight||||||
|||1928 Amsterdam|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman light heavyweight||||||
|||1928 Amsterdam|Diving|Men's 10 m platform||||||
|||1928 Amsterdam|Diving|Men's 3 m springboard||||||
|||1936 Berlin|Weightlifting|Men's lightweight||||||
|||1936 Berlin|Weightlifting|Men's middleweight||||||
|||1936 Berlin|Weightlifting|Men's featherweight||||||
|||1936 Berlin|Weightlifting|Men's featherweight||||||
|||1936 Berlin|Weightlifting|Men's light heavyweight||||||
|||1948 London|Weightlifting|Men's featherweight||||||
|||1948 London|Weightlifting|Men's lightweight||||||
|||1948 London|Weightlifting|Men's lightweight||||||
|||1948 London|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman bantamweight||||||
|||1948 London|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman light heavyweight||||||
|||1952 Helsinki|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman featherweight||||||
|||1960 Rome|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman flyweight||||||
|||1960 Rome|Boxing|Men's flyweight||||||
|||1984 Los Angeles|Judo|Men's open||||||
|||2004 Athens|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman||||||
|||2004 Athens|Boxing|Men's super heavyweight||||||
|||2004 Athens|Boxing|Men's light heavyweight||||||
|||2004 Athens|Boxing|Men's heavyweight||||||
|||2004 Athens|Taekwondo|Men's 58 kg||||||
|||2008 Beijing|Judo|Men's −90 kg||||||
|||2012 London|Fencing|Men's foil||||||
|||2012 London|Wrestling|Men's Greco-Roman 84 kg||||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Egypt profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: EGY
- **nocname**: Egyptian Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **website**:  
- **gold**: 7
- **silver**: 10
- **bronze**: 15
- **seealso**: Egypt at the 1906 Intercalated Games, 1906 Intercalated Games
Equatorial Guinea at the Olympics

**Equatorial Guinea** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1984.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2025, no athlete from Equatorial Guinea has ever won an Olympic medal.

The National Olympic Committee for Equatorial Guinea was formed in 1980 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1984.
Eritrea at the Olympics

**Eritrea** (ERI) was first at the 2000 **Summer Olympic Games** in Sydney, Australia.  Four years later, four athletes from Eritrea were sent to the 2004 Games in Athens.  Zersenay Tadese won the country's first ever medal in the men's 10000 meters.

As of 2023, Eritrea has been in two Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Eritrea was formed in 1996.  They were recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1999.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Eritrea profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: ERI
- **nocname**: Eritrean National Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 1
- **seealso**: (1956–1992)
Gabon at the Olympics

**Gabon** has been in nine Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

|style="width:8em"|Medal|Name|style="width:9em"|Games|style="width:7em"|Sport|style="width:14em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Anthony Obame|2012 London|Taekwondo|Men's +80 kg|||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Gabon at Olympic.org
- Gabon profile at London2012.com
- Gabon at Sports-Reference.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: GAB
- **nocname**: Comité Olympique Gabonais
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 1
- **bronze**: 0
Gambia at the Olympics

**Gambia** (GAM) has been to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1984.  The country has never won an Olympic medal.  No athletes from The Gambia have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Gambia was formed in 1972.  The International Olympic Committee recognized them in 1976.

## Other websites

- Gambia profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: GAM
- **nocname**: Gambia National Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **flagcaption**: Flag of the Gambia
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Ghana at the Olympics

The first time that **Ghana** was at the **Olympic Games** was in 1952.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Ghana is GHA.

## History

Ghana was known by the colonial name of Gold Coast.  The nation has been in most Summer Olympic Games since then, missing the 1956 Summer Olympics, boycotting the 1976 Games and the 1980 Summer Olympics.  Ghana was at the 2010 Winter Olympics.

The National Olympic Committee for Ghana was formed in 1952 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee that same year.

## List of medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|Name|style="width:9em"|Games|style="width:6em"|Sport|style="width:13em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Clement Quartey|1960 Rome|Boxing|Men's light welterweight|||||
||Eddie Blay|1964 Tokyo|Boxing|Men's light welterweight|||||
||Prince Amartey|1972 Munich|Boxing|Men's middleweight|||||
||<span style="font-size:90%">Joachin Yaw Acheampong, Simon Addo, Sammi Adjei, Frank Amankwah, Bernard Aryee, Isaac Asare, Kwame Ayew, Ibrahim Dossey, Mohammed Gargo, Samuel Kumah, Nii Lamptey, Yaw Preko, Shamo Quaye</span>|1992 Barcelona|Football|Men's competition|||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Ghana at Olympic.org
- Ghana profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: GHA
- **nocname**: Ghana Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 1
- **bronze**: 3
Guinea at the Olympics

**Guinea**  has been to every Summer Olympic Games since 1968 except for 1972 and 1976.  The country has never won an Olympic medal.  Guinea has never been in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee was formed in 1964 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1965.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Guinea profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: GUI
- **nocname**: Comité National Olympique et Sportif Guinéen
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Guinea-Bissau at the Olympics

**Guinea-Bissau** has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1996, although the country has never won a medal.  No athletes from Guinea-Bissau have competed in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Guinea-Bissau was formed in 1992.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1995.

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: GBS
- **nocname**: Comité Olímpico da Guiné‑Bissau
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Lesotho at the Olympics

**Lesotho** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1972.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, but they boycotted the 1976 Summer Olympics.  Lesotho has not been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2025, no athlete from Lesotho has won an Olympic medal.

The National Olympic Committee for Lesotho was formed in 1971. They were recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1972.
Liberia at the Olympics

**Liberia at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1956.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Liberia is LBR.

## History

Teams from Liberia has been to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1956, except for 1968, 1976 and 1992.  The country has never won an Olympic medal.  No athletes from Liberia have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Liberia was formed in 1954.  It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1955.

## Summary

|rowspan=2|Games|rowspan=2|Athletes|colspan=1|Athletes by sport|colspan=3|Medals|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Melbourne 1956|1|4|0|0|0|||
|Rome 1960|1|4|0|0|0|||
|Tokyo 1964|1|4|0|0|0|||
|Mexico City 1968|_did not compete_|||||||
|Munich 1972|1|4|0|0|0|||
|Montreal 1976|_did not compete_|||||||
|Moscow 1980|1|7|0|0|0|||
|Los Angeles 1984|1|4|0|0|0|||
|Seoul 1988|1|5|0|0|0|||
|Barcelona 1992|_did not compete_|||||||
|Atlanta 1996|1|5|0|0|0|||
|Sydney 2000|1|7|0|0|0|||
|Athens 2004|1|2|0|0|0|||
|Beijing 2008|1|3|0|0|0|||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: LBR
- **nocname**: Liberia National Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Libya at the Olympics

**Libya at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1956.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Libya (_Libya Jamahiriya_) was LYA. It is now LBA.

## History

A teams from Libya was first at the Olympic Games in 1964.  They have been in most Summer Olympic Games since then.  The nation boycotted the 1976 Games along with most other African nations, and also boycotted the 1984 Games.  Libya has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2025, no Libyan athlete has ever won an Olympic medal.

The National Olympic Committee for Libya was created in 1962 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1963.

## Olympic Medal table

|rowspan=2|Games|rowspan=2|Athletes|colspan=7|Athletes by sport|colspan=3|Medals|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Tokyo 1964|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Mexico City 1968|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|1972 Munich|_did not compete_|||||||||||
|1976 Montreal|_did not compete_|||||||||||
|1980 Moscow|32|9|1|22|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|1984 Los Angeles|_did not compete_|||||||||||
|Seoul 1988|1|-|-|-|4|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Barcelona 1992|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Atlanta 1996|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Sydney 2000|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Athens 2004|8|1|2|-|-|1|1|2|0|0|0|
|Beijing 2008|7|2|2|-|1|1|1|-|0|0|0|

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: LBA
- **nocname**: Libyan Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **website**:  
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Madagascar at the Olympics

**Madagascar at the Olympics** is a history which starts in the 1960s.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Madagascar was MAG. It is now MAD.

## History

Madagascar was first at the Olympic Games in 1964.  They have been to every game since except for 1976 and 1988. They have never won a medal. 2006 was the first time at the Winter Olympics.

## Olympic Medal Table (Summer)

|rowspan=2|Games|rowspan=2|Athletes|colspan=7|Athletes by sport|colspan=3|Medals||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Tokyo 1964|1|1|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Mexico City 1968|4|3|1|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|1972 Munich|3|3|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|align=left|1976 Montreal|colspan=11|_did not compete_||||||||
|Moscow  1980|6|3|2|1|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|1984 Los Angeles|2|2|-|-|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|align=left|Seoul 1988|colspan=11|_did not compete_||||||||
|Barcelona 1992|9|3|-|2|2|2|-|0|0|0|
|Atlanta 1996|2|1|-|1|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Sydney 2000|10|7|-|3|-|-|-|0|0|0|
|Athens 2004|9|3|-|2|1|2|1|0|0|0|
|Beijing 2008|6|2|-|1|-|2|1|0|0|0|

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Madagascar profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: MAD
- **nocname**: Comité Olympique Malgache
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Malawi at the Olympics

**Malawi** has been in twelve Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Winter Olympics. Malawi boycotted the 1976 and 1980 Summer Olympics.

## Other websites

- Malawi . Olympics at Sports-Reference.com
- IOC page
Mali at the Olympics

**Mali at the Olympics** is a history which started in the  1960s.  Since 1962, Mali has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Mali is MLI.

## History

Mali has taken part in the Summer Olympic Games held in 1964, 1972, and every Olympics since 1980.   The country has never won an Olympic medal.  No athletes from Mali have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Mali was formed in 1962 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1963.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Mali profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: MLI
- **nocname**: Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Mali
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Mauritania at the Olympics

**Mauritania** (MTN) has been to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1984.  They have never won an Olympic medal.  No athletes from Mauritania have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee was formed in 1962 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1979.
Peer group

A **peer group** is a group of people who are equal in some way.  Those in a peer group have the same status and are about the same age.  They often interact with the group as a whole. Members of a peer group often have similar interests and backgrounds.

## Developmental psychology

Developmental psychologists, Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, and Harry Stack Sullivan, argued that peer relationships are important in a person's development, and teach about equality, reciprocity, cooperation, and intimacy. Modern research also shows that social and emotional gains are indeed provided by peer interaction.

Judith Rich Harris, in _The Nurture Assumption,_ argues that an individual's peer group significantly influences their intellectual and personal development. Several long-term studies also claim that peer groups improve school work.

## Related pages

- Peer pressure
Georg Holtzendorff

**Georg Holtzendorff** was a 19th-century German landscape painter from Saxony. He moved to England because of the Franco-Prussian War.

Holtzendorff worked for the Royal Crown Derby Porcelain Company. He sketched the landscape of Derbyshire and these were used as designs for porcelain.

His main work was the decoration of the _Gladstone Dessert Service_, presented by the Liberal Working Men of Derby to Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone in 1883. Watercolour by Holtzendorff, with a view of Becket Street, Derby, with the Derby Museum and Art Gallery in the background, is the only remaining study on paper linked to the _Gladstone service_.
Mauritius at the Olympics

**Mauritius** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1984.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games. Mauritius also supported the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics.

The National Olympic Committee for Mauritius was formed in 1971 by Ram Ruhee, who remained its Secretary General until 2008. It was officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1972.

### Summer Games

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:12em"|Name|style="width:10em"|Games|style="width:10em"|Sport|style="width:10em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||2008 Beijing|Boxing|Bantamweight||||||
Morocco at the Olympics

**Morocco at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1959.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Morocco is MRC.

## History

A team from Morocco was first at the Olympic Games in 1960. They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics. Morocco also boycotted the 1976 Games, withdrawing after having initially sent a delegation. Only one Moroccan representative had time to compete before his country's withdrawal: Abderahim Najim took part in the Men's Light Flyweight event in boxing, and lost his first and only match.

Morocco has been in the Winter Olympic Games four times since 1968, but not since 1992.

Moroccan athletes have won a total of twenty two medals, nineteen in athletics and three in boxing.

The National Olympic Committee for Morocco was formed in 1959.

## List of medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:15em"|Name|style="width:12em"|Games|style="width:12em"|Sport|style="width:12em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||1960 Rome|Athletics|Men's marathon||||||
|||1984 Los Angeles|Athletics|Women's 400 metre hurdles||||||
|||1984 Los Angeles|Athletics|Men's 5000 metres||||||
|||1988 Seoul|Athletics|Men's 10000 metres||||||
|||1988 Seoul|Athletics|Men's 800 metres||||||
|||1988 Seoul|Boxing|Men's featherweight||||||
|||1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Men's 10000 metres||||||
|||1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Men's 1500 metres||||||
|||1992 Barcelona|Boxing|Men's bantamweight||||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Men's 10000 metres||||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Men's 5000 metres||||||
|||2000 Sydney|Athletics|Men's 1500 metres||||||
|||2000 Sydney|Athletics|Men's 3000 metre steeplechase||||||
|||2000 Sydney|Athletics|Women's 400 metre hurdles||||||
|||2000 Sydney|Athletics|Men's 5000 metres||||||
|||2000 Sydney|Boxing|Men's featherweight||||||
|||2004 Athens|Athletics|Men's 1500 metres||||||
|||2004 Athens|Athletics Men's 5000 metres|||||||
|||2004 Athens|Athletics|Women's 800 metres||||||
|||2008 Beijing|Athletics|Men's marathon||||||
|||2008 Beijing|Athletics|Women's 800 metres||||||
|||2012 London|Athletics|Men's 1500 metres||||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: MAR
- **nocname**: Moroccan Olympic Committee

- **games**: Olympics
- **website**:  
- **gold**: 7
- **silver**: 5
- **bronze**: 12
Mozambique at the Olympics

Mozambique has been in 12 Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee was formed in 1979 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee the same year.

## List of medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:8em"|Name|style="width:9em"|Games|style="width:8em"|Sport|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Maria de Lurdes Mutola|1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Women's 800 metres|||||
||Maria de Lurdes Mutola|2000 Sydney|Athletics|Women's 800 metres|||||

## Other websites

- IOC page
Pickford's House Museum

**Pickford's House Museum of Georgian Life and Costume**, No 41 Friar Gate Derby, is a nice Georgian house built by the great architect Joseph Pickford in 1770 for his own family. Pickford had a number of notable customers. One of them was a painter Joseph Wright, whose works can be found in local Derby Museum. The Pickford's museum that was set up in 1988 shows the housing of a late Georgian professional person. The ground floor is furnished as it might have been in Pickford's time together with displays of eighteenth and nineteenth century costume. It is owned and run by the Derby City Council.

"Pickford's House" was intended to showcase his work, with the intention of securing new contacts. It was also his residence. At the rear of the property Pickford had his builder's yard, access being by a driveway to the right of the property.

## References

Article contains a text transported from Pickford's House Museum on the English Wikipedia.
- Pickford's House Museum
Namibia at the Olympics

**Namibia at the Olympics** is a history of which includes six games in six countries and 34 athletes.  Since 1991, sportsmen of  Namibia have taken part the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Namibia is NAM.

## History

The Namibian National Olympic Committee was formed in 1990 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1991.

Teams from Namibia have competed in every Summer Olympic Games since the 1990s.

Namibia has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

## List of medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:10em"|Name|style="width:9em"|Games|style="width:6em"|Sport|style="width:10em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Frankie Fredericks|1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Men's 100 metres||||||
||Frankie Fredericks|1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Men's 200 metres||||||
||Frankie Fredericks|1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Men's 100 metres||||||
||Frankie Fredericks|1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Men's 200 metres||||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Namibia profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: NAM
- **nocname**: Namibian National Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 4
- **bronze**: 0
Niger at the Olympics

**Niger at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1964.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for the Niger was NGR. It is now NIG.

## History

Teams from Niger have been to all Summer Olympic Games held since 1964 except for 1976 and 1980.  No athletes from Niger have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

## Medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:12em"|Name|style="width:10em"|Games|style="width:10em"|Sport|style="width:10em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||1972 Munich|Boxing|Men's light welterweight||||||
|||2016 Rio de Janeiro|Taekwondo|Men's +80kg||||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Niger at Olympic.org

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: NIG
- **nocname**: Nigerien Olympic and National Sports Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 1
- **bronze**: 1
Nigeria at the Olympics

**Nigeria** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1952.  They have been in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the boycotted 1976 Summer Olympics.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

The National Olympic Committee for Nigeria was formed in 1951.

## Medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|Name|style="width:9em"|Games|style="width:7em"|Sport|style="width:14em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||1964 Tokyo|Boxing|Men's light middleweight|||||
|||1972 Munich|Boxing|Men's light heavyweight|||||
|||1984 Los Angeles|Boxing|Men's featherweight|||||
||, Moses Ugbusien, Rotimi Peters, Innocent Egbunike|1984 Los Angeles|Athletics|Men's 4×400 metre relay|||||
||, Davidson Ezinwa, Chidi Imoh, Oluyemi Kayode, Osmond Ezinwa|1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Men's 4×100 metre relay|||||
|||1992 Barcelona|Boxing|Men's heavyweight|||||
|||1992 Barcelona|Boxing|Men's super heavyweight|||||
||, Christy Opara-Thompson, Mary Onyali, Faith Idehen|1992 Barcelona|Athletics|Women's 4×100 metre relay|||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Women's long jump|||||
||<span style="font-size:90%">, Emmanuel Amuneke, Tijjani Babangida, Celestine Babayaro, Emmanuel Babayaro, Teslim Fatusi, Victor Ikpeba, Dosu Joseph, Nwankwo Kanu, Garba Lawal, Abiodun Obafemi, Kingsley Obiekwu, Uche Okechukwu, Jay-Jay Okocha, Sunday Oliseh, Mobi Oparaku, Wilson Oruma, Taribo West</span>|1996 Atlanta|Football|Men's competition|||||
||, Fatima Yusuf, Charity Opara, Falilat Ogunkoya|1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Women's 4×400 metre relay|||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Women's 200 metres|||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Athletics|Women's 400 metres|||||
|||1996 Atlanta|Boxing|Men's super heavyweight|||||
|||2000 Sydney|Athletics|Women's 100 metre hurdles|||||
||, Fidelis Gadzama, Clement Chukwu, Jude Monye, Sunday Bada, Enefiok Udo-Obong|2000 Sydney|Athletics|Men's 4×400 metre relay|||||
|||2000 Sydney|Weightlifting|Women's 75 kg|||||
||, Uchenna Emedolu, Aaron Egbele, Deji Aliu|2004 Athens|Athletics|Men's 4×100 metre relay|||||
||, Musa Audu, Saul Weigopwa, Enefiok Udo-Obong|2004 Athens|Athletics|Men's 4×400 metre relay|||||
||Victor Nsofor Obinna, Peter Odemwingie, Chibuzor Okonkwo, Solomon Okoronkwo, Oladapo Olufemi, Ambruse Vanzekin|2008 Beijing|Football|Men's competition|||||
||Chika Chukwumerije|2008 Beijing|Taekwondo|Men's +80 kg|||||
||Blessing Okagbare|2008 Beijing|Athletics|Women's long jump|||||
||Franca Idoko, Gloria Kemasuode, Halimat Ismaila, Oludamola Osayomi, Agnes Osazuwa (heats only)|2008 Beijing|Athletics|Women's 4x100 metre relay|||||
Rwanda at the Olympics

Rwanda has been in seven Summer Olympic Games. They have never been in the Olympic Winter Games.

Rwanda has never won an Olympic medal.  Jean de Dieu Nkundabera won a Paralympic bronze medal for Rwanda in wheelchair racing at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens.

## Other websites

- Rwanda
- IOC page
- Rwanda profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: RWA
- **nocname**: Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Rwanda
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
São Tomé and Príncipe at the Olympics

São Tomé and Príncipe has been in four Summer Games. The first appearance was at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. They have never been in the Winter Games. The country has never won a medal.

The National Olympic Committee for São Tomé and Príncipe was formed in 1979.  The International Olympic Committee recognized them in 1993.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- São Tomé and Príncipe profile at London2012.com
- IOC page

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: STP
- **nocname**: Comité Olímpico de São Tomé e Príncipe
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Senegal at the Olympics

**Senegal at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1954.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Senegal was SGL.  It is now SEN.

## History

**Senegal** has been to all Summer Olympic Games held since 1964.  Unlike most surrounding nations, Senegal has never missed any Summer Olympics since its independence.

Senegal is among the small group of tropical countries that have been in the Winter Olympic Games.  Its winter athletes have been in four Winter Olympics since 1984

## List of medalists

|style="width:6em"|Medal|style="width:10em"|Name|style="width:8em"|Games|style="width:7em"|Sport|style="width:10em"|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Amadou Dia Ba|1988 Seoul|Athletics|Men's 400 metre hurdles||||||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Senegal at Olympic.org
- Senegal profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: SEN
- **nocname**: Comité National Olympique et Sportif Sénégalais
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 1
- **bronze**: 0
Seychelles at the Olympics

**Seychelles** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1980.  They have been in most Summer Olympic Games since then, missing only the 1988 Games in support of North Korea.  The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.

As of 2011, no Seychellois athlete has won an Olympic medal.

The National Olympic Committee for Seychelles was created in 1979.  They were recognized by the International Olympic Committee that same year.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Seychelles profile at London2012.com
- Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: SEY
- **nocname**: Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association
- **games**: Olympics
- **flagcaption**: Flag of the Seychelles
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Sierra Leone at the Olympics

**Sierra Leone at the Olympics** is a history which began in 1968.

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Sierra Leone is SLE.

## History

Teams from Sierra Leone have been to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1968,  with the exception of 1972 and 1976.  They have never won an Olympic medal.  No athletes from Sierra Leone have been in any Winter Olympic Games.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Sierra Leone profile at London2012.com
- IOC page

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: SLE
- **nocname**: National Olympic Committee of Sierra Leone
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
Somalia at the Olympics

**Somalia** was first at the **Olympic Games** in 1972.  They have been in most Summer Olympic Games since then. Somalia has never been in any Winter Olympic Games. The nation boycotted the 1976 Games along with most other African nations, and also joined the boycott in 1980.  Despite the ongoing Somali Civil War, the nation has been able to send small contingents to each Games since 1996.

The National Olympic Committee for Somalia was formed in 1959 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1972.

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Somalia profile at London2012.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: SOM
- **nocname**: Somali Olympic Committee
- **games**: Olympics
- **gold**: 0
- **silver**: 0
- **bronze**: 0
John Surtees

**John Surtees** CBE (11 February 1934 – 10 March 2017) was a British racing driver on both motorcycles and in Formula One. He was the only person to win the Drivers' Championship in both Formula One and in the 500cc Motorcycle Championship, which is the top level in motorcycling racing.

Surtees was born in Tatsfield, Surrey.

He started racing in motorcycling in 1952, won his first race in 1956, as well as winning the 500cc Motorcycle Championship in 1956, as well as 1958, 1959 and 1960. Surtees moved on to Formula One in 1960, earning his first podium position by placing second in the British Grand Prix, and earning pole position in the Portuguese Grand Prix. He joined Ferrari in 1963, placing fourth in the championship. Surtees won the Drivers' Championship in 1964 by one point. He stayed with Ferrari in 1965 but left midway through 1966, joining Cooper and eventually placing second in the Drivers' Championship. After that, Surtees joined Honda Racing (not to be confused with the Honda Racing team that ran from 2006-2008).

Surtees eventually made his own team, simply named Surtees. He raced with the team until his retirement in 1972. After that, he simply ran the team, until the team left Formula One in 1978. His team also ran in the Formula 2 Championship, which in 1972, Mike Hailwood won the Formula Two Championship.

Surtees died on 10 March 2017 in a hospital in London from respiratory failure, aged 83.
Portland Timbers

The **Portland Timbers** are an American professional soccer club based in Portland, Oregon. In 1975, the team took the name "Timbers" because Oregon is known for logging and forestry. The team colors are green and gold (yellow). At every Timbers game in Portland, the Timbers Army are a large group of the loudest and proudest Timbers fans.

Today, the team plays in Major League Soccer. The team played in the USL First Division before they joined Major League Soccer in 2011.

The team's name may also be inspired by a club of the same name based in the same city that competed in the original NASL in the 70's and early 80's.

## References

**Notes**

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Portland Timbers
- **nicknames**: _The Timbers_,"The Boys In Green", "Rose City", "PTFC"
- **stadium**: Providence Park
- **capacity**: 25,218
- **owntitle**: Owner
- **owner**: Peregrine Sports, LLC
- **chrtitle**: CEO
- **chairman**: Heather Davis
- **mgrtitle**: Head coach
- **manager**: Phil Neville
- **league**: Major League Soccer
- **season**: 2024 Major League Soccer season, 2024
- **position**: Western Conference (MLS), Western Conference: 9th
Overall: 15th
2024 MLS Cup playoffs, Playoffs: Wild card round
- **current**: 2025 Portland Timbers season
- **website**: https://www.timbers.com
- **american**: true
- **pattern la1**: _timbers25h
- **pattern b1**: _timbers25h
- **pattern ra1**: _timbers25h
- **pattern sh1**: _timbers25h
- **pattern so1**: _timbers25hl
- **leftarm1**: 0a4042
- **body1**: 0a4042
- **rightarm1**: 0a4042
- **shorts1**: 0a4042
- **socks1**: 0a4042
- **pattern la2**: _timbers24a
- **pattern b2**: _timbers24a
- **pattern ra2**: _timbers24a
- **pattern sh2**: _adidasshorttan
- **pattern so2**: _timbers24a
- **leftarm2**: d8cabb
- **body2**: d8cabb
- **rightarm2**: d8cabb
- **shorts2**: 153029
- **socks2**: d8cabb
- **pattern la3**: _portlandtimbers24t
- **pattern b3**: _portlandtimbers24t
- **pattern ra3**: _portlandtimbers24t
- **pattern sh3**: _portlandtimbers24t
- **pattern so3**: _portlandtimbers24tl
- **leftarm3**: 7c1b24
- **body3**: 7c1b24
- **rightarm3**: 7c1b24
- **shorts3**: 522025
- **socks3**: 7c1b24
Crash (1996 movie)

***Crash*** is a Canadian-British drama movie set in Toronto, Ontario. It was written and directed by David Cronenberg. The movie is based on the 1973 novel of the same name. The movie is about people taking sexual pleasures from vehicle accidents. The movie stars James Spader, Deborah Kara Unger, Elias Koteas, Holly Hunter and Rosanna Arquette. It is rated NC-17 as a result of graphic language and explicit sexual content. _Crash_ was released in 1997 in the U.S. It created strong controversy when it was released.
Antichrist (movie)

***Antichrist*** is a 2009 supernatural horror movie. It was directed by Lars von Trier. The movie stars Willem Dafoe and Charlotte Gainsbourg. This movie caused serious controversy upon its release in multiple countries during 2009. The movie was not submitted to the MPAA because of fear that it would be rated NC-17 for graphic violence.

## Accolades

|style="width:20%;"|Organization|style="width:35%;"|Category|style="width:35%;"|Recipients and nominees|style="width:10%;"|Result|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Bodil Awards|Best Danish Film|Lars von Trier||||||
|Best Actress|Charlotte Gainsbourg|||||||
|Best Actor|Willem Dafoe|||||||
|Best Director of Photography|Anthony Dod Mantle|||||||
|Special Bodil|Kristian Eidnes Andersen|||||||
|Robert Award|Best Cinematography|Anthony Dod Mantle||||||
|Best Director|Lars von Trier|||||||
|Best Editor|Anders Refn|||||||
|Best Film|Lars von Trier|||||||
|Best Screenplay|Lars von Trier|||||||
|Best Sound|Kristian Eidnes Andersen|||||||
|Best Special Effects|Peter Hjorth Ota Bares|||||||||
|Best Actor|Willem Dafoe|||||||
|Best Actress|Charlotte Gainsbourg|||||||
|Best Costume Design|Frauke Firl|||||||
|Best Make-Up|Hue Lan Van Duc|||||||
|Best Production Design|Karl Júlíusson|||||||
|Nordic Council|Nordic Council's Film Prize|Lars von Trier||||||
|European Film Awards|Best Cinematographer|Anthony Dod Mantle||||||
|Best Actress|Charlotte Gainsbourg|||||||
|Best Director|Lars von Trier|||||||
|Chlotrudis Awards|Best Actress|Charlotte Gainsbourg||||||
|Best Cinematography|Anthony Dod Mantle|||||||
|Sant Jordi Awards|Best Foreign Actress (Mejor Actriz Extranjera)|Charlotte Gainsbourg||||||
|Zulu Awards|Best Film|Lars von Trier||||||

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Antichrist
- **caption**: Theatrical release poster
- **director**: Lars von Trier
- **producer**: Meta Louise Foldager
- **writer**: Lars von Trier
- **narrator**: Willem Dafoe
- **starring**: Willem Dafoe
Charlotte Gainsbourg
- **cinematography**: Anthony Dod Mantle
- **editing**: Anders Refn
- **studio**: Zentropa
- **distributor**: Nordisk Film
IFC Films

Artificial Eye

- **released**:

- **runtime**: 103 minutes
- **country**:

- **language**: English
- **budget**: US$, $11 million
- **gross**: $2,492,704
Zulu people

The **Zulu**  are the largest ethnic group in South Africa. There are 10-12 million Zulu living in South Africa, mostly in KwaZulu-Natal province. However, a small number of Zulu also live in Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Mozambique. The Zulu language, called , is a Bantu language of the Nguni subgroup.

The Zulu Kingdom was very important in South African history during the 1800s and 1900s. During Apartheid, the Zulu people were third-class citizens and suffered from official discrimination. Today the Zulu people are the largest ethnic group in South Africa and have equal rights.

## Beginning

The Zulu were originally a major clan in the area that is today Northern KwaZulu-Natal. The Zulu clan was started around the year 1709 by Zulu kaNtombhela. In the Nguni languages, the words _iZulu_, _iliZulu_, and _liTulu_ mean _heaven_, or _sky._

In the early 1700s, many large Nguni communities and clans lived in the area. These groups were called _isizwe_ (nations) and _isibongo_ (clans). These Nguni communities had migrated down the East coast of Africa over thousands of years. These movements of people were called the Bantu migrations. They probably arrived in what is today South Africa in the 800s.

## Related pages

- Shaka Zulu
- Zulu language

## Other websites

- History section of the official page for the Zululand region , Zululand.kzn.org
- People of Africa, Zulu marriage explained, africanholocaust.net
- Izithakazelo, wakahina.co.za

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Zulu people
AmaZulu
- **pop**: ~ 12,159,000
- **pop1**: 10,659,309
 to 12,559,000
- **pop2**: 324,000
- **pop3**: 167,000
- **pop4**: 107,000
- **pop5**: 66,000
- **pop6**: 5,900
- **pop7**: 6,000
- **languages**: Zulu language, Zulu

- **religions**: Christianity, Zulu religion
- **related**: Nguni people, Nguni, Xhosa people, Xhosa, Swazi people, Swazi, South Ndebele people, Ndebele, other Bantu peoples


## Infobox (ethnonym)

- umZulu
- amaZulu
- [[isiZulu]]
- kwaZulu
National Trust

The **National Trust**, more fully the **National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty**, is a conservation organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Trust does not work in Scotland, as they have a different National Trust.

The trust owns many historic houses and gardens, as land such as beauty spots. To visit the place the National Trust owns, there is often a entry charge, but most beauty spots are free. The National Trust is one of the largest charities  in the United Kingdom, and also one of the largest UK land owners.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty
- **motto**: For ever, for everyone
- **abbreviation**: National Trust
- **formation**: 1895
- **status**: Trust
- **purpose**: To look after places of historic interest or natural beauty permanently for the benefit of the nation across England, Wales and Northern Ireland
- **headquarters**: Swindon, United Kingdom
- **location**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English language, English
- **leader title**: Leader/s
- **leader name**: None; Board of Trustees
- **main organ**: Board of Trustees
- **affiliations**: Various Organisations in the Council
- **num staff**: 14,000
- **num volunteers**: 53,000
- **website**: [http://nationaltrust.org.uk/ www.nationaltrust.org.uk]
Linkinhorne

**Linkinhorne** is a parish and village in southeast Cornwall, United Kingdom. The village itself is at  and is approximately four miles (6.5 km) northwest of Callington and seven miles (11 km) south of Launceston.

As well as Linkinhorne itself, other settlements in the parish include Bray Shop, Caradon Town, Downgate, Henwood, Ley Mill, Minions, and Upton Cross.

The area is bordered by the River Inny in the north-east and Bodmin Moor to the west. The valley of the River Lynher runs through the parish. The parish is largely rural but west of the B3254 road from Launceston to Liskeard it includes part of Caradon Hill, once an industrialised mining area.

The parish church of St Melor is built of granite and dates from the 15th century.
Gordon Bennett Cup (auto racing)

The **Gordon Bennett Cup for auto racing** was set up by James Gordon Bennett, Jr.. He was the millionaire owner of the _New York Herald_. The award was first given in 1900 in France. It was a car-racing event between teams from different countries.

## History

In 1900, the Automobile Club de France (ACF) was given the trophy (_prize_). The trophy could be won in a race between automobile clubs from different countries. The trophy was given out every year until 1905. After that, the ACF held the first Grand Prix motor racing event at the Circuit de la Sarthe, in Le Mans.

The British Racing Green was first used in the 1903 Gordon Bennet Cup in Ireland.

The Gordon Bennett Cup auto races included racing drivers from across Europe. There were also drivers from the United States like Alexander Winton, who drove his Winton automobile.

The rules were that the races were held in the country of the winner of the year before. The races were between national teams. Because of this, the national racing colours had to be set for each country. Great Britain had to choose a different colour to red, white or blue (the colours of the flag) because they had been taken by Italy, Germany and France. They choose shamrock green because the race that year was run in Ireland. This became known as  British racing green.

## Gordon Bennett Cup winners

|Year|Track|Winner|Car|Country|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1900|Paris to Lyon, France|Fernand Charron|Panhard||
|1901|Paris to Bordeaux, France|Léonce Girardot|Panhard||
|1902|Paris, France to Innsbruck, Austria|Selwyn Edge|Napier||
|1903|Athy, County Kildare, Ireland|Camille Jenatzy|Mercedes||
|1904|Taunus mountains in Germany|Léon Théry|Richard-Brasier||
|1905|Circuit d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France|Léon Théry|Richard-Brasier||