Jan Parandowski

**Jan Parandowski** (11 May 1895 – 26 September 1978) was a Polish writer, essayist, and translator. He is best known for his works relating to classical antiquity, he was also the president of the Polish PEN Club between 1933 and 1978, with a break during World War II.

He was born in Lwów, Austria-Hungary and died in Warsaw.

## Biography

Jan Parandowski graduated from Jan Długosz High School, in Lwów, Austria-Hungary. In 1913 he began studying about philosophy at the University of Lwów. There he also studied classical philology, archeology, art history, and Polish literature. However, he had to stop studying because of the World War I, and instead taught at schools in Voronezh and Saratov. From 1920 he was able to continue studying again, and in 1923 received his Master's degree in classical philology and archeology.

From 1922 to 1924 he was the literary chief for publisher Alfred Altenberg. He organized a series of translations of classical works and a further "great writers" series. Between 1924 and 1926 he travelled to Greece, France, and Italy. From 1929 he lived in Warsaw, where at first he was an editor for the monthly, _Warsaw Diary_. In 1930 he became a member of the Polish PEN Club, and in 1933, he became its president.

At the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, he received a bronze medal for his book, _The Olympic Discus_, and in 1937 he received the Polish Literary Academy's "Gold Laurels" for outstanding literary achievement. Between 1937 and 1938 he was an editor for the state publishing house for school books, and produced the educational series, _Great People_. After World War II began, he participated in the cultural underground. The flames of the Warsaw uprising consumed his literary archives and his entire unpublished works.

During the years 1945 - 1950 he took over the Department of Classical Antiquity, then the Department of Comparative Literature at the Catholic University of Lublin (KUL). He became a regular member of Warszawskiego Towarzystwa Naukowego (Warsaw Association of Sciences), worked with publications such as the _Universal Weekly_, _Meander_, _Creation_, and renewed his activities as chairman of the Polish PEN Club. In 1948 he organized a World Congress of Intellectuals in Wrocław, after which he went back to live in Warsaw.

In 1958, Jan Parandowski organized an International Translators Convention in Warsaw, and in 1962 he became the vice-president of International PEN. In 1964 he received the Polish State Award of the First Degree, and in the same year he was a signatory to the "List of 34" scholars and writers in defense of freedom of speech. In 1975 he was honored for his lifetime achievement by Radio Free Europe. In 1976 he received an honorary doctorate in Christian Philosophy from the Catholic University of Lublin (KUL).

In 1988 a prize was founded in his honour, the Jan Parandowski prize, and is awarded annually by the Polish PEN Club to exemplary historical writers.

## Works

As a literary figure, Parandowski began writing in Lwow in 1913, though he came to experience international prominence after his much cited _Mythology_ in 1924. His knowledge, crisp and engaging writing style, and ability to tackle the most controversial subjects contributed greatly to Parandowski's popularity. In Poland his works have become a staple of classical study in schools of all levels.

### Selected bibliography

- (1920) _Bolszewizm i bolszewicy w Rosji_
- (1924) _Mitologia/Mythology_
- (1924) _Eros na Olimpie_
- (1927) _Dwie wiosny_
- (1927) _Wojna trojańska/The Trojan War_
- (1930) _Król życia_
- (1933) _Dysk olimpijski/The Olympic Discus_
- (1934) _Odwiedziny i spotkania_
- (1935) _Przygody Odyseusza_
- (1936) _Niebo w płomieniach_
- (1949) _Godzina śródziemnomorska_
- (1953) _Zegar słoneczny_
- (1955) _Pisma wybrane_
- (1956) _Petrarka_
- (1957) _Dzieła wybrane tom 1-3_
- (1958) _Z antycznego świata_
- (1959) _Mój Rzym_
- (1961) _Powrót do życia_
- (1967) _Akacja_

### Translations

- (1924) _Historia świata Wellsa/The Outline of History by H. G. Wells_
- (1925) _Dafnis i Chloe/Daphnis and Chloe_
- (1935) _Życie Karola Wielkiego Einharda_
- (1951) _Wojnę domową Juliusza Cezara/Civil Wars by Julius Caesar_
- (1953) _Odyseja Homera/Homer's Odyssey_

### Travel Memoirs

- (1924) _Rzym czarodziejski_
- (1927) _Dwie wiosny_
- (1958) _Podróże literackie_