Cape Colony

The **Cape Colony** () was the name of a colony based around the Cape of Good Hope, in southern Africa. It was first established in 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck as a governorate of the Dutch East India Company. It was captured by the British in 1795 and returned to the Dutch in 1802. In 1806 it was again captured by the British. It united with three other British colonies in 1910 to form the Union of South Africa when it was renamed the "Cape Province". Its capital was Cape Town, the modern-day legislative capital of the Republic of South Africa.

## Lists of Leaders

|colspan=2|King/Queen|
| --- | --- |
|1795–1820|George III|
|1820–1830|George IV|
|1830–1837|William IV|
|1837–1901|Queen Victoria|
|1901–1910|Edward VII|
|1910|George V|

|colspan=2|Governors|
| --- | --- |
|1797–1798|George Macartney|
|1799-1801|George Younge|
|_1803-1806_|_Lieut-Gen Jan Willems Jansen_|
|1807-1811|Earl of Caledon|
|1811-1814|Francis Cradock|
|1814-1826|Lord Charles Somerset|
|1828-1833|Galbraith Cole|
|1834-1838|Benjamin D'Urban|
|1834-1844|Thomas Napier|
|1847|Henry Pottinger|
|1847-1852|Henry Smith|
|1852-1854|George Cathcart|
|1854-1861|Sir George Grey|
|1862-1870|Philip Wodehouse|
|1870-1877|Henry Barkly|
|1877-1880|Bartle Frere|
|1881-1889|Hercules Robinson|
|1889-1895|Henry Loch|
|1895-1897|Hercules Robinson (Lord Rosemead)|
|1897-1901|Alfred Milner|
|1901–1910|Walter Hely-Hutchinson|
**Notes**

|colspan=2|Prime Ministers|
| --- | --- |
|1872–1878|John Charles Molteno|
|1872-1878|John Gordon Sprigg|
|1881-1884|Thomas Charles Scanlen|
|1884-1886|Thomas Uppington|
|1886-1890|Gordon Sprigg|
|1890-1896|Cecil John Rhodes|
|1896-1896|Gordon Sprigg|
|1898-1900|William Philip Schreiner|
|1900-1904|Gordon Sprigg|
|1904-1908|Leander Starr Jameson|
|1908–1910|John X. Merriman|

## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**: Kaapkolonie
- **conventional long name**: Cape Colony
- **common name**: Cape Colony
- **continent**: Africa
- **region**: Southern Africa
- **country**: South Africa
- **era**: Scramble for Africa
- **status**: Colony
- **empire**: United Kingdom
- **government type**: Constitutional monarchy
- **year start**: 1795
- **year end**: 1910
- **event1**: Dutch Empire, Dutch colony
- **date event1**: 1803–1806
- **event2**: Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814, Anglo-Dutch treaty
- **date event2**: 1814
- **p1**: Dutch Cape Colony
- **flag p1**: Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg
- **p2**: British Bechuanaland
- **flag p2**: Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg
- **s1**: Union of South Africa
- **flag s1**: South Africa Flag 1910-1912.svg
- **image flag**: Flag of the Cape Colony 1876-1910.svg
- **image map**: LocationCape Colonyca1890.svg
- **image map caption**: The Cape Colony ca. 1890
with Griqualand East and Griqualand West annexed
and Stellaland/Goshen (in light red) claimed
- **capital**: Cape Town
- **national anthem**: God Save the Queen, God Save the King
(God Save the Queen 1837–1901)
- **common languages**: English language, English, Dutch language, Dutch ¹
- **religion**: Dutch Reformed Church, Anglicanism, Anglican
- **currency**: Pound sterling
- **stat year1**: 1822
- **stat area1**: 331900
- **stat pop1**: 110380
- **stat year2**: 1865 census
- **stat pop2**: 496381
- **stat year3**: 1910
- **stat area3**: 569020
- **stat pop3**: 2564965
- **today**: ²
- **footnotes**: ¹ Dutch was the sole official language until 1806, when the British officially replaced Dutch with English. Dutch was reincluded as a second official language in 1882.
² Except for the exclave of Walvis Bay, which is now part of Namibia.