juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Straw man

**Straw man** is a type of incorrect reasoning, in which a **changed** (usually **exaggerated**)  version of someone else's argument is proved wrong, and it looks as if the **real** argument has been proved wrong.
Sometimes such an easy to disprove argument is simply invented. Straw man can be understood also as the mentioned argument itself. The name suggests a human figure made of straw that is easy to destroy.

The straw man argument can have many forms. The fallacy of attacking a straw man can also arise from an honest mistake.

## Examples

An everyday conversation:
- Alice: _Taking a shower is beneficial._
- Bob: _But hot water may damage your skin._
Bob attacked the **non-existing** argument: . And because such an argument is obviously false, Alice might start believing that she is wrong because what Bob said was clearly true. But her **real** argument was not disproved, because she did not say anything about the temperature.
- Alice: _I didn't mean taking an extremely hot shower._
Alice noticed the trick and defended herself.

## History

The origins of the term are unclear. An 1898 definition refers to men who stood outside courthouses with a straw in their shoe in order to indicate their willingness to be hired to give evidence in a court trial.

In the 1900 US presidential election campaign, the issue of Imperialism became a "straw man" issue when President McKinley accepted his party's nomination.  Cartoonist William Allen Rogers focused on the destruction of this issue in a September issue of _Harper's Weekly_.

## Other websites

- "Straw Man" at FallacyFiles.org
Sandra Dee

**Alexandra Zuck**, later known as **Sandra Dee** (April 23, 1944 – February 23, 2005), was an American actress. She began with modeling and later progressed into movies. Dee received a Golden Globe Award in 1959. During the early 1960s her movies were popular, but in the late 1960s her acting career began declining.

Sandra Dee was born in New Jersey. She died due to kidney disease, aged 62.

## Other websites

- Sandra Dee – The Carpathian Connection

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Sandra Dee publicity.JPG
- **caption**: Dee in the early 1960s
- **birth name**: Alexandra Zuck
- **birth place**: Bayonne, New Jersey, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Thousand Oaks, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Kidney disease
- **resting place**: Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills), Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery, Hollywood Hills
- **occupation**: Actress, model
- **years active**: 1957–1994
- **spouse**: ; divorced; 1 child
Cégep de Saint-Hyacinthe

**Cégep de Saint-Hyacinthe** is a college in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.

## Pre-University programs

- Social sciences
- Social sciences – Administration profile
- Pure and applied sciences
- Arts and letters – Cinéma
- Arts and letters – Visual arts and multimédia
- Arts and letters – Culture and creation
- Arts and letters – Theatrical exploration

## Career programs

- Biomedical laboratory technology
- Early childhood education
- Computer science- Management
- Computer science- Network management
- Nursing
- Marketing and Management
- Paramedic
- Dental hygiene
- Diet technician
- Animal health
- Biotechnology specialization
- Mechanical engineering technology – Building sciences
- Accounting
- Theater production – Stage management and technical design: sets and costumes
- Theater – Theater performance

## Other websites

- Official website
Steve Bégin

**Stéphan Bégin** (); born June 14, 1978) is a Canadian  ice hockey player. He played center for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League. He also played for the Nashville Predators, Montreal Canadiens, Dallas Stars, and Boston Bruins.

## Biography

At the age of six, Bégin started his hockey career in the minor hockey leagues. He and his friend Sébastien Hubert played together in MAHG (). Gilles Bégin, his father, did not want to buy new hockey gear so he started with girl skates. Since his first hockey game, Bégin knew he wanted to play in the NHL.

After two good seasons in MAHG where he was the best player on the ice, his class was novice. At nine years old, in his second season in novice category, Bégin ended the season with over 120 nets. The next year, he made the atom AA without difficulties. It was believed that he was too small to play AA but Bégin heard this and he started to change his style; he became more aggressive. In his second atom season, even if he was the smallest player, he was the one who protected the other kids.  Bégin continued his ascension to the NHL in playing pee-wee CC for his first year in this category and AA the second year. Bégin was a complete athlete; he was a hockey player, he played soccer and he did box in his youth.  He played AA at his first soccer season. At 14, he decided to put all his energy in hockey. At the age of 12, he started box training and he did box training until he had 20. In his first bantam season, he did the AA, He was in good shape because of his boxing training. Because of this, at the end of the year, a midget AAA hockey club, invited him to the camp. He was the last player to be subtracted but the coach told him that his place was reserved for the next season.

Bégin did two years in midget AAA and two year in LHJMQ (Ligue de Hockey Junior Majeur du Québec) with Val d’Or, before being drafted by Calgary in the NHL. He had his first chance in the big league in 1997-1998 season with the Flames.  In 488 regular games in the NHL, he had 52 goals and 48 passes for a total of 100 points. He made 36 points in play-off matches and since his start in the NHL he has spend 539 minutes on the penalty bench.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: 130205 Steve Begin Flames.png
- **image size**: 230px
- **team**: Calgary Flames
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **position**: Centre (ice hockey), Centre
- **shoots**: Left
- **former teams**: Nashville Predators
Montreal Canadiens
Dallas Stars
Boston Bruins
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 195
- **birth place**: Trois-Rivières, Quebec, QC, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: 40th overall
- **draft year**: 1996
- **draft team**: Calgary Flames
- **career start**: 1997
- **career end**: 2013
Chenani

**Chenani** () is a small town and subdistrict of Udhampur District in Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Aylesford, Nova Scotia

**Aylesford** is a farming community in the county of Kings in the  Annapolis Valley of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located between the North and South Mountains and located roughly 15 minutes from CFB Greenwood and 10 minutes from Berwick. The population was 834 in 2021.

Aylesford is located on the Evangeline Trail (Trunk 1) tourist route, named after the famous Acadian story about Evangeline. It is a service centre for the surrounding agricultural district. An important crop is cranberries which is grown on the peat bogs. Peat moss harvesting operations are also active.

Aylesford's largest tourist attraction, the Oaklawn Farm Zoo, was home to Rutledge, the heaviest living lion in captivity, as certified by Guinness World Records in 1997. Rutledge died in February 2009, three months short of his 18th birthday. The zoo also has a variety of other animals including tigers, Dromedary Camels, and a variety of monkeys.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Aylesford
- **settlement type**: Villages of Nova Scotia, Village
- **pushpin map**: Nova Scotia
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Aylesford, Nova Scotia
- **pushpin mapsize**: 275
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Kings County, Nova Scotia, Kings
- **seat type**: Electoral Districts     
List of Canadian federal electoral districts, Federal
- **seat**:
West Nova
- **parts type**: List of Nova Scotia provincial electoral districts, Provincial
- **parts**: Kings West
- **population as of**: Canada 2021 Census, 2021
- **population total**: 834
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Atlantic Standard Time, AST
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: ADT
- **utc offset dst**: -3
- **elevation m**: 32
- **postal code type**: Canadian Postal code
- **postal code**: List of B Postal Codes of Canada, B0P 1C0
- **area code**: Area code 902, 902 782
- **blank name**: Telephone Exchange
- **blank info**: 847
- **blank1 name**: National Topographic System, NTS Map
- **blank1 info**: 021H02
- **blank2 name**: Geographical Names Board of Canada, GNBC Code
- **blank2 info**: CABCE
Cornwallis Square

**Cornwallis Square** is a Canadian village in Kings County, Nova Scotia. It is located on the Cornwallis River. It was originally established in 1947 as the WCG Commission and was responsible for fire protection, recreation and sidewalks in Waterville, Cambridge, and Grafton. When the rural community of Woodville was included in the service area in the 1960s the name was changed to Cornwallis Square. The area's largest employer is Michelin.

## References

- _Kings County Register_, May 2007

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Cornwallis Square
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: Cornwallis Square Hall.png
- **imagesize**: 275px
- **image caption**: Cornwallis Square Village Hall
- **pushpin map**: Nova Scotia
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: **Location of Cornwallis Square, Nova Scotia**
- **pushpin mapsize**: 275
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Kings County, Nova Scotia, Kings
- **population as of**: Canada 2006 Census, 2006
- **timezone**: Atlantic Standard Time, AST
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: ADT
- **utc offset dst**: -3
- **postal code type**: Canadian Postal code
- **postal code**: List of B Postal Codes of Canada, B0P 1CO
- **area code**: Area code 902, 902
- **blank name**: Telephone Exchange
- **blank1 name**: National Topographic System, NTS Map
- **blank2 name**: Geographical Names Board of Canada, GNBC Code
Leelee Sobieski

**Liliane Gloria "Leelee" Sobieski** (born on June 10, 1983 near New York City) is an American actress who has acted in many movies and on television. Her notable motion pictures include _Deep Impact_ (1998) and _Public Enemies_; she also acted in the 1999 TV movie _Joan of Arc_. Sobieski was born in 1983, although some sources represent 1982 as her birth date.

## Acting career

Sobieski was first noticed by a talent scout in the cafeteria of a New York City private school. That encounter led to her audition for the role of Claudia in _Interview with the Vampire_ (1994), a role which ultimately went to Kirsten Dunst.  Sobieski portrayed the character of Anna Yates in the 1994 TV movie _Reunion_ starring Marlo Thomas. Next, she played a lead role in _A Horse for Danny_, a 1995 made-for-television film. In 1997, she snagged her first role in a studio film playing the daughter of Martin Short's character in the Tim Allen comedy _Jungle 2 Jungle_. In 1999, Sobieski appeared in Stanley Kubrick's _Eyes Wide Shut_. Recalling acting alongside Tom Cruise, Sobieski stated he was "very kind and considerate with me," and says her most vivid recollection of Stanley Kubrick was that he "genuinely seemed to hold something magic".

## Filmography

|Year|Title|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1995|__|Danny Bara|||
|1997|_Jungle 2 Jungle_|Karen|||
|1998|_Deep Impact_|Sarah Hotchner|||
|1998|__|Charlotte Anne "Channe" Willis|Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Most Promising Newcomer Nominated—Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actress – Feature Film||
|1999|_Never Been Kissed_|Aldys Martin|||
|1999|_Eyes Wide Shut_|Milich's daughter|||
|2000|_Here on Earth_|Samantha "Sam" Cavanaugh|Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Breakout Performance||
|2001|_My First Mister_|Jennifer|||
|2001|_Joy Ride_|Venna Wilcox|||
|2001|__|Ruby Baker|||
|2002|__|Sarah Silver|||
|2002|_Max_|Liselore von Peltz|||
|2006|_Lying_|Sarah|||
|2006|_Heavens Fall_|Victoria Price|||
|2006|_In a Dark Place_|Anna Veigh|||
|2006|__|Sister Honey|||
|2006|__|Lolita|||
|2007|_Walk All Over Me_|Alberta|||
|2007|_In the Name of the King: A Dungeon Siege Tale_|Muriella|Nominated—Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress||
|2007|_88 Minutes_|Lauren Douglas|||
|2009|_Finding Bliss_|Jody Balaban|||
|2009|_Night Train_|Chloe|||
|2009|_Public Enemies_|Polly Hamilton|||
|2010|_Acts of Violence_|Olivia Flyn|||
|2012|_Branded_|Abby Gibbons|||
|2016|__|Stalker|_filmed in 2010_||
Freeport, Nova Scotia

**Freeport, Nova Scotia** is a village in Digby Country, Nova Scotia and it is located on Long Island in the Bay of Fundy.

Located at the end of Digby Neck on Long Island, Freeport is a working fishing village built up around a tidal basin. This area is great for bird watching, beach combing, hiking trails, birds, whale watching, gift shops, accommodations, restaurants, and unique flora and fauna.

## History

Loyalists founded Freeport in 1784 establishing fishing and trading industries. Prior to this it had been inhabited by the Mi’kmaq Indians. Place names such as Petit Passage, Grand Passage and the Saint Mary’s Bay can be attributed to the French explorer, Champlain, who first visited the area in 1604. Black Loyalist,  Rose Fortune is believed to have lived here in 1795, giving birth to one of her children.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Freeport
- **settlement type**: Village
- **pushpin map**: Nova Scotia
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Freeport, Nova Scotia
- **pushpin mapsize**: 275
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Digby County, Nova Scotia, Digby
- **subdivision type3**: Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Digby, Nova Scotia (municipal district), Digby
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1784
- **area total km2**: 7.57
- **population as of**: 2021
- **population total**: 217
- **population density km2**: 28.7
- **timezone**: Atlantic Standard Time, AST
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: ADT
- **utc offset dst**: -3
- **elevation min m**: 0
- **elevation max m**: 5
- **postal code type**: Canadian Postal code
- **postal code**: List of B Postal Codes of Canada, B0V 1B0
- **area code**: Area code 902, 902
- **blank name**: Telephone Exchange
- **blank info**: 839
- **blank1 name**: National Topographic System, NTS Map
- **blank1 info**: 021B08
- **blank2 name**: Geographical Names Board of Canada, GNBC Code
- **blank2 info**: CAMZW
- **website**: www.freeportnovascotia.ca
Relay For Life

**Relay For Life** is a fundraising event for cancer held around the world. It was originally organised in the United States, by the American Cancer Society, a volunteer charity organisation. The event has now spread to more than 20 countries. The goal of the event is to raise money for cancer research and patients with cancer.

In Canada, this event is organised by the Canadian Cancer Society. Teams of 10 people compete in relays and consist of people representing corporations, communities, families and friends. The first Relay For Life in Canada was held in 1999, and raised CA$85,000. Since then, the number of relays and participants has increased each year. In 2011, $55 million was raised. To participate, one team need to be formed and registered online to the official website of the Canadian Cancer Society or with a paper form. Each member has to raise a minimum of CA$100 in donation or by selling luminaries. Luminaries are special candles that are placed in bags and carry the names of cancer survivors and loved ones who have died. In a moving ceremony after sunset, luminaries placed around the track are lit in honour of cancer survivors and in memory of those who have lost the battle against cancer.

## Other websites

- Relay For Life website
- American Cancer Society Relay For Life
- Relay For Life International
- Canadian Cancer Society Relay For Life
- Cancer Research UK Relay For Life
- New Zealand Relay For Life
- Australian Relay For Life
Flag football

**Flag football** is a version of American or Canadian football. The rules are not very different to those of the regular game. Instead of tackling players to the ground, the other team must pull a flag or flag belt off of the player carrying the ball.  Flag football is a game played with no padding. Full contact is not allowed. The first game of flag football was played in the 1930s.  It was later played on military bases in the 1940s as a game for the military.

Flag football games are 36 minutes long.  They are divided into two 18-minute halves. The only time the clock is stopped is in the last two minutes.

### Beach Flag Football

Normally played on beaches with normal Flag Football rules.

## Scoring

To score a touchdown, a player must cross the ball over the goal line. This is worth 6 points.  There are 1 options for an extra point. The scoring team can try to run the ball into the endzone from either the 3 yard line or the 10 yard line. The 3 yd line is worth 1 point and the 10 yd line is worth 2.  If the flag of the player who has the ball is pulled while that person is in their own end zone, it is called a safety. The other team gets two points for this.
Nichi Vendola

**Nicholas "Nichi" Vendola** (born 26 August 1958 in Bari) is an Italian politician. He is the leader of the political party Left Ecology Freedom (_Sinistra Ecologia Libertà_).
Bioterrorism

**Bioterrorism** refers to the use of biological agents with the intent to cause panic, illness, or death. There are biological agents in nature, but they can be changed artificially in order to make them more effective. There are many methods of spreading biological agents. Biodefense is defense against bioterrorism, often in the form of a vaccine or medicine.

There are three categories of biological agents. The first is category A, the highest priority agents. Biological agents in category A pose a high risk to national security. These include anthrax and smallpox. The second, category B, includes biological agents such as brucellosis and melioidosis. These are a risk to national security. Category C, the third, includes emerging diseases that could be a risk in the future, such as hantavirus.

## Related pages

- Biological weapon
- Terrorism

## References

- "Emergency Preparedness and Response."  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2012. .

- MedlinePlus: Trusted Health Information for You. MedlinePlus: Trusted Health Information for You, n.d. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. .
The Predator

***The Predator*** is the third studio album by Ice Cube. It was released in November 1992, half a year after the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Almost all the singles on _The Predator_ sample songs from the 1960s, the 1970s and the 1980s. The songs "Wicked" and "Check Yo Self" were released to very good reviews.
Fashion in the 1920s

**Fashion** was a big part of the 1920s. It was a time when people wanted something new. They wanted to look good and be unique. The fashion industry in the Western world saw growth during this time.

Flappers were a big subculture in the Western world during the 1920s. Flappers were women who wore short skirts, and feathers in their hair, which was usually in a bob. They sometimes smoked and drank, and were very rebellious. Later on, their dresses became fashionable in the 1920s.

## References

- _Fashion_. Compton's by Britannica, v 6.0. 2009. eLibrary. Web. 04 Dec. 2012.
- Murphy, Robert. _Schiaparelli in Bazaar_. Harper's Bazaar. 01 Apr. 2012: 232. eLibrary. Web. 04 Dec. 2012.
Michiko Kichise

** Michiko Kichise ** is a Japanese actress. She is part of the FLaMme talent management agency. She is 167 cm tall. After graduating from high school, she worked in a salon and a coffee shop. A talent scout discovered her while she was working in the cafe. When she was 20 years old, she moved to Tokyo and began work with the Blooming Agency in Minami Aoyama. She modeled for the magazine _Domani_ from 1995 to 2007.

Kichise began to appear in television series and commercials in 1997. She appeared in her first movie in 1998. She married a businessman in 2010. Kichise won an Elan d'or Prize (エランドール賞|Erandōru Shō) from the All Nippon Producers Association in 2011. In 2012, Kichise was one of the top 20 actresses by earning. She was paid as much as ¥1,600,000 for each episode of television.

## TV Series

- _The Hanawa Sisters_ (TBS / 2011) - Fujiko Hanawa
- _BOSS Season 2_ (Fuji TV / 2011) - Reiko Narahashi
- _The Woman of Steel Season 2_ (TV Asahi / 2011) - Haga Ineko
- _Guilty, Akuma to Keiyakushita Onna_ (Fuji TV / 2010) - Mari Enomoto
- _The Woman of Steel_ (TV Asahi / 2010) - Haga Ineko
- _Bloody Monday 2_ (TBS, 2010)
- _Liar Game 2_ (Fuji TV, 2009)
- _BOSS_ (Fuji TV, 2009)
- _Moso Shimai_ (NTV, 2009)
- _Tenchijin_ (NHK, 2009)
- _Bloody Monday_ (TBS, 2008)
- _Taiyo to Umi no Kyoshitsu_ (Fuji TV, 2008)
- _Maou_ (TBS, 2008)
- _Around 40_ (TBS, 2008)
- _Pandora_ (WOWOW, 2008)
- _Nodame Cantabile Sp_ (Fuji TV, 2008)
- _Joshi Deka!_ (TBS, 2007)
- _Hataraki Man_ (NTV, 2007)
- _Liar Game_ (Fuji TV, 2007)
- _Serendip no Kiseki Miracle of Serendip_ (NTV, 2007)
- _Nodame Cantabile_ (Fuji TV, 2006)
- _Attention Please_ (Fuji TV, 2006, ep1)
- _Densha Otoko Deluxe_ (Fuji TV, 2006)
- _Fukigen na Gene_ (Fuji TV, 2005, ep6-7)
- _Division 1 Hannin Deka_ (Fuji TV, 2004)

## Filmography

- _Sogen no Isu_ (2013)
- _Girls For Keeps_ (2012) - Yoko Kosaka
- _In His Chart_ (2011) - Tomura
- _Runway Beat_ (2011)
- _Boku to tsuma no 1778 no monogatari_ (2011)
- _Nodame Cantabile: The Movie II_ (2010)
- _Shikeidai no Elevator_ (2010)
- _Liar Game: The Final Stage_ (2010)
- _Nodame Cantabile: The Movie I_ (2009)
- _Byakuya_ (2009)
- _Jump_ (2004)
- _Yomigaeru Kinro_ (1998)
- _Chugoku no Chojin_ (1998)

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Michiko Kichise
- **birth place**: Asakura, Fukuoka, Japan
- **homepage**: http://www.kichisemichiko.com/
Aquarius (constellation)

**Aquarius** is a constellation of the zodiac. It sits between Capricornus and Pisces. Its name is Latin for "water-carrier" or "cup-carrier", and its symbol is  (Unicode ♒), which represents water.  The astronomer Ptolemy listed Aquarius when he made a list of 48 constellations.  It is also one of the 88 modern constellations.

Aquarius is a constellation also known as the Water Bearer and was a servant to the gods. He was also a human at one time. He was the son of King Tors. When he was human, his name was Ganymede. Usually when you see him in the sky, you can see him pouring water into the mouth of a fish; or Pisces.

There is a story of Ganymede when he was watching over his father’s sheep, he was captured and held captive by the Goddess of the Dawn.

In another version of the story, Zeus is captured by Ganymede. Than Zeus calls over his pet eagle to grab Ganymede and take him to the top of Mount Olympus and serve as a servant to the gods.

One man named Robert Graves thought that the origin of Aquarius was in Egypt. He thought that Aquarius represented the Nile River. He also thought that Aquarius was the God of the Nile. The Nile is just a river, but Robert thought that the river was water pouring out of Aquarius’ jar to make the Nile.

As a constellation, he comes after the constellation Capricornus just by one month and is south of the constellation Pegasus and north of Pisces, the brightest star in the night sky.

## Deep-sky objects

- Helix Nebula
- Saturn Nebula

## References

- Aquarius, the Water Bearer. Pepperdine University, n.d. Web. 20 Dec. 2012. <http://faculty.pepperdine.edu/dgreen/>.
- Lesikar, Arnold V. "Constellation List." Constellation List. St. Cloud State University, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2012. <http://domeofthesky.com/clicks/constlist.html>.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Aquarius
- **abbreviation**: Aqr
- **genitive**: Aquarii
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the Water-Bearer
- **ra**: 23
- **dec**: −15
- **family**: Zodiac
- **quadrant**: SQ4
- **areatotal**: 980
- **arearank**: 10th
- **numbermainstars**: 10, 22
- **numberbfstars**: 97
- **numberstarsplanets**: 11
- **numberbrightstars**: 2
- **numbernearbystars**: 7
- **brighteststarname**: Beta Aquarii, β Aqr (Sadalsuud)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.91
- **neareststarname**: EZ Aquarii, EZ Aqr
- **stardistancely**: 11.27
- **stardistancepc**: 3.45
- **numbermessierobjects**: 3
- **meteorshowers**: March Aquariids
Eta Aquariids
Delta Aquariids
Iota Aquariids
- **bordering**: Pisces (constellation), Pisces
Pegasus (constellation), Pegasus
Equuleus
Delphinus
Aquila (constellation), Aquila
Capricornus
Piscis Austrinus
Sculptor (constellation), Sculptor
Cetus
- **latmax**: 65th parallel north, 65
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: October
Chiriquí Province

**Chiriquí** is a province of the Republic of Panama. The population is of 409 821 (2010) and the capital is David.
Beugnon

**Beugnon** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Beugnon
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Beugnon (Yonne).svg
- **insee**: 89041
- **postal code**: 89570
- **arrondissement**: Auxerre
- **canton**: Saint-Florentin
- **elevation min m**: 105
- **elevation max m**: 136
- **area km2**: 7.70
Bierry-les-Belles-Fontaines

**Bierry-les-Belles-Fontaines** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Bierry-les-Belles-Fontaines
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Bierry-les-belles-fontaines 89.svg
- **insee**: 89042
- **postal code**: 89420
- **arrondissement**: Avallon
- **canton**: Chablis
- **elevation min m**: 220
- **elevation max m**: 371
- **area km2**: 26.90
Blannay

**Blannay** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Blannay
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: BlannayF89 église IMF9544.jpg
- **insee**: 89044
- **postal code**: 89200
- **arrondissement**: Avallon
- **canton**: Joux-la-Ville
- **mayor**: Marie-Claire Limosin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Avallon, Vézelay, Morvan
- **elevation min m**: 132
- **elevation max m**: 306
- **area km2**: 7.26
Bleigny-le-Carreau

**Bleigny-le-Carreau** is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Bleigny-le-Carreau
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **insee**: 89045
- **postal code**: 89230
- **arrondissement**: Auxerre
- **canton**: Auxerre-3
- **elevation min m**: 149
- **elevation max m**: 291
- **area km2**: 10.29
Hamilton Hill (comics)

**Hamilton Hill** is a fictional Batman character who is the corrupt mayor of Gotham City. He appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He helps the Gotham Crime boss such as Rupert Thorne to help him find Batman's secret identity. He hired an assassin to kill Harvey Bullock.

## In other media

He was voice by Lloyd Bochner in _Batman: The Animated Series_. He was also played by Michael Murphy in _Batman Returns_.

## Other websites

- Hamilton Hill  at DC Comics Wiki
Poison Ivy (character)

**Poison Ivy** (**Dr.** **Pamela Lillian Isley, PhD**) is a fictional supervillainess Batman character who has appeared in American comic books published by DC Comics. Poison Ivy was created by Robert Kanigher and Sheldon Moldoff, and made her debut in _Batman_ #181 (June 1966). Her crime-partner is Harley Quinn.

## Fictional character biography

She has the physical appearance of a plant with the power to talk to plants into doing evil things. She used to be a doctor who cared for animals until falling into chemicals which gave her the power to talk to plants.

Poison Ivy was created by Robert Kanigher and Carmine Infantino. Infantino said that the character was created because of Catwoman on the 1966 _Batman_ series and the need for more female villains.

## Powers and abilities

Poison Ivy uses mutant plants, will-bending pheromones and toxins from plants and her own bloodstream for her criminal activities.

## In other media

The character has been featured in different forms of media, including toys, movies, television series, and video games. She is played by Uma Thurman in _Batman & Robin_. She is voiced by Diane Pershing.

## Other websites

- The Origin of Poison Ivy - www.dccomics.com
Harley Quinn

**Harley Quinn** (**Dr.** **Harleen Frances Quinzel, PhD**) is a fictional Batman character who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. She was created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timmis and made her debut in _The Batman Adventures_ #12 (September 1993). She is the girlfriend and partner in crime of the Joker and best friends with Poison Ivy.

## Fictional character biography

Quinn's origin story features her as a former psychologist at Gotham City's Arkham Asylum who was manipulated by and fell in love with the Joker, her patient, eventually becoming his accomplice and lover. The character's alias is a play on the stock character Harlequin from the 16th-century Italian theater _commedia dell'arte_.

She dresses up like a jester or harlequin in red, black, and white. Later she dresses in shorts and tops with blonde hair, which is half pink and half blue in pigtails.

Harley Quinn was created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm for the 1992 _Batman: The Animated Series_ and was meant to appear in only one episode. However, she quickly became popular and became a well known comics character soon after.

## Powers and abilities

Harley Quinn's abilities include expert gymnastic skills, proficiency in weapons and hand-to-hand combat, complete unpredictability, immunity to toxins, and enhanced strength, agility, and durability. Quinn often wields clown-themed gag weapons, with an oversized mallet being her signature weapon.

## In other media

She was voiced by Arleen Sorkin in _Batman: The Animated Series_. Harley Quinn makes her live-action cinematic debut in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) film _Suicide Squad_ (2016), where she is portrayed by Margot Robbie. Robbie reprises her role in _Birds of Prey_ (2020) and _The Suicide Squad_ (2021), with elements of her portrayal's design consequentially incorporated into comics. Singer and actress Lady Gaga portrayed the character in _Joker: Folie à Deux_ (2024).

## Other websites

- Harley Quinn's Haven  - the largest and most comprehensive website dedicated to Harley Quinn since 1997
Riddler

The **Riddler** (**Edward Nigma,** later **Edward Nygma** or **Edward Nashton**) is a fictional Batman character and supervillain who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He leaves Batman all of his best riddles and puzzles to help Batman know where he will strike next or what he will do. He wears a green suit with a big purple question mark on it and also a cane with a question mark on it. He sometimes wear a hat also with a question mark.

## Early comic book history

Riddler first appeared in "Detective Comics" #140 in October 1948 which ended with him appearing to drown.  The Riddler’s second appearance was in “Detective Comics” # 142 in December 1948 in which he wanted revenge against Batman and Batman’s sidekick Robin.  Then in May 1965, Julius Schwartz published a comic book called “Batman” Volume 1 # 171, the third ever appearance of The Riddler in which his evil plan involves tricking Batman and Robin into thinking he had stopped being evil and become good. The Riddler became used as an antagonist in the Batman comic books much more often are the 1966 Batman television show starring Adam West came out and had The Riddler as a major villain.

## In other media

The Riddler has been used in a lot of things based on the comics, including TV shows, movies, toys and video games. He was played by Frank Gorshin and John Astin in the 1960s Batman show and by John Glover in _Batman: The Animated Series_. He was also voiced by Robert Englund in _The Batman_. He was played by Jim Carrey in _Batman Forever_. Conan O'Brien voices him in the 2017 movie _The Lego Batman Movie_. Corey Michael Smith played The Riddler in the prequel television show Gotham giving him an origin story. Paul Dano plays the character for the 2022 movie _The Batman_.

## Other websites

- Edward Nygma's Puzzle Web Site  : puzzles, games and stories featuring the animated series Riddler.

## Infobox (comics character)

- **character name**: Riddler
- **image**: NYCC 2011 - The Riddler (6310757623).jpg
- **converted**: y
- **caption**: Cosplayer as the Riddler.
- **real name**: Edward Nigma (later Nygma or Nashton)
- **publisher**: DC Comics
- **debut**: _Detective Comics_ #140 (October 1948)
- **creators**: Bill Finger (writer)
Dick Sprang (artist)
- **species**: Human
- **cat**: super
- **subcat**: DC Comics
- **villain**: y
- **sortkey**: The Riddler
- **powers**: * Genius-level intellect
* Criminal mastermind
* Skilled inventor, engineer, and escape artist
* Utilizes complex riddles, puzzles, and lethal contraptions
- **partners**: Penguin (character), Oswald Cobblepot (Penguin)
Clayface

**Clayface** is a series of fictional Batman villains who have the power to turn into any form because he is made out of clay. He has appeared in American comic books published by DC Comics.

## Fictional character biography

In most cases, Clayface was played by actor **Basil Karlo** who used a type of skin medicine to help his skin which would later cause him to have the clay appearance.

## Powers and abilities

All Clayfaces possess the ability to shapeshift and change the form of their bodies. This gives them the power to look like any person they chose as well create weapons out of their limbs to attack enemy and also melt. More recent powers added to Clayface's mantle is the ability to melt objects by just looking at them and also being able to pass on powers to ordinary humans. Because of Clayface's body nearly all physical attacks are useless. Clayface can also use his body to smother victims until lifeless.

## In other media

The character has appeared in toys, television series, and video games as well. He was voiced by Ron Perlman in _Batman: The Animated Series_.
Killer Croc

**Killer Croc** (**Waylon Jones**) is a fictional character seen in comic books by DC Comics. He is mainly a villain in Batman comics. Created by Gerry Conway, Don Newton and Gene Colan, the character was introduced in _Batman_ #357 (March, 1983). The character has an apperance similar to a lizard or a crocodile. He is very strong and a good swimmer.

## Fictional character biography

Before he became Killer Croc, Waylon Jones was a wrestler.

## In other media

The character was voiced by Aron Kincaid in _Batman: The Animated Series_. He was played by Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje in the 2016 movie _Suicide Squad_.
Mad Hatter (DC Comics)

The **Mad Hatter** (**Jervis Tetch**) is a fictional Batman character who appears in comic books by DC Comics. Created by Bill Finger and Lew Sayre Schwartz, the Mad Hatter made his first appearance in _Batman_ #49 (October 1948). He is based on the character of the same name from Lewis Carroll's famous novel _Alice's Adventures in Wonderland_.

## Fictional character biography

Tetch used to be a scientist who invented mind-control things before being fired. He dresses-up as the Mad Hatter from _Alice's Adventures in Wonderland_.

## Powers and abilities

He usually uses had-guns, poison smoke guns, or mind-control things.

## In other media

The Mad Hatter has been substantially adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including feature movies, television series, and video games. He has been voiced by Roddy McDowall in the DC animated universe and Peter MacNicol in the _Batman: Arkham_ video game series, among others. He has also been portrayed in live-action by David Wayne in the 1960s _Batman_ series, and Benedict Samuel in the Fox series _Gotham_. A variation of the character named **Liam Crandle** appeared in the third season premiere of the Arrowverse series _Batwoman_, portrayed by Amitai Marmorstein.
Man-Bat

**Man-Bat** (**The Werebat** or **Dr. Robert K. Langstrom**) is a fictional Batman character who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics.

## Fictional character biography

He used to be a scientist until drinking a chemical that makes him turn into a half bat half man. His name can sometimes be confused with Batman.

## Powers and abilities

By taking his bat gland extract, Kirk Langstrom transforms himself into a bat-like creature. When taking an antidote or if the serum wears off, he reverts to human form. As the Man-Bat, his strength, resiliency, speed, and agility are all augmented to inhuman levels. He possesses an extra set of digits in his leathery wings that allows Kirk to fly. With his sonar radar, Kirk can emit high-pitch sound waves and hear those echoes when they bounce off of nearby objects, thus enabling him to navigate perfectly in the darkness. If in the Man-Bat form for long periods of time, he loses control over his bestial side that works purely on instinct, plus making him prone to harm friend or foe alike.

As Kirk Langstrom, he is a highly intelligent scientist in the fields of biochemistry and zoology (particularly chiropterology).

## In other media

The character has been featured in various media adaptations, such as feature movies, television series and video games. He was voiced by Marc Singer in _Batman: The Animated Series_ and Loren Lester in _Batman: Arkham Knight_.
Carmine Falcone

**Carmine "The Roman" Falcone** is a fictional Batman character who is the head of the Gotham Mafia. He appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is sometimes called **Don Falcone**. He has a son, Alberto Falcone who is known as the Holiday Killer. He also has a daughter Sofia Falcone who helps him. In some cases, Two-Face flipped his coin and killed Falcone. His body was robbed many times before being frozen by Mr. Freeze. His business was taken over by Sal Maroni.

## Background

Carmine Falcone first appeared in the four-part story _Batman: Year One_ written by Frank Miller and David Mazzucchelli in 1987. In the comics, Falcone is a powerful Mafia boss nicknamed "The Roman". He was the leader of Gotham City's organized crime.

The character is based on Marlon Brando's role as Don Vito Corleone from the 1972 movie _The Godfather_. The Falcone family was inspired by that of the Corleone family.

In _The Long Halloween_, gangster Vincent Falcone brings his badly wounded son, Carmine, to Thomas Wayne. He begs Wayne, one of the city's best doctors, to perform surgery at Wayne Manor. A young Bruce Wayne watches his father save Falcone's life. Years later at Thomas and Martha Wayne's funeral, Carmine Falcone, now part of his father's crime family, tells Bruce that he can always ask a favor of him should he need it.

In the comics he has two children, Sofia and Alberto who either work for him or are serial killers. In some comics, Falcone is the biological father of Selina Kyle.

## In other media

He has appeared in movies, television series, and video games. He was played by Tom Wilkinson in the 2005 Christopher Nolan movie _Batman Begins_.

Falcone was played by John Turturro in the 2022 Matt Reeves movie _The Batman_. Turturro did not return as Falcone in _The Batman_ spin-off miniseries _The Penguin_ because he did not like violence towards women shown in the show. He was replaced by Mark Strong.
Sal Maroni

**Salvatore "The Boss" Maroni** is a fictional Batman character who is head leader of the Gotham Mafia after Carmine Falcone was killed or taken to Arkham Asylum. He appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. In some cases, he was the man who made Harvey Dent turn into Two-Face.

## In other media

He was played by Eric Roberts in _The Dark Knight_.
Hugo Strange

**Hugo Strange** is a fictional character who appears in the _Batman_ comic books by DC Comics. The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, and first appeared in _Detective Comics_ #36 (Feb 1940). He is depicted as an enemy of the superhero Batman.

## Fictional character biography

He is depicted as a mad scientist and one of the few villains to know the true identity of the Batman. He is known for creating mutants, zombies, or growth hormones.

## Powers and abilities

Hugo Strange is a brilliant scientist who developed a serum called Alosun, which is a distillate of sun atoms. Ingestion of this serum gives him superhuman strength, the ability to fly, and invulnerability.

## In other media

The character has appeared in television series, and video games as well. He is voiced by Ray Buktenica in _Batman: The Animated Series_. He is also voiced by Frank Gorshin (who played the Riddler) in _The Batman_ and he is also played by BD Wong in the 2014 TV series _Gotham_.
Gillian B. Loeb

**Gillian B. Loeb** is a fictional Batman character in _The Dark Knight_ movies. He was the police commissioner of Gotham City until his death. He was replaced by James Gordon after his death. Loeb blames Batman for every crime in Gotham. He thinks Batman is a criminal.

## In other media

Loeb was played by Colin McFarlane in _Batman Begins_ and in _The Dark Knight_.
Tali Tali Pompey

**Tali Tali Pompey** (about 1945/1947 – 16 November 2011) was an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. She had a short career as an artist, beginning only in 2002. During this time, however, her work was taken in by several major public galleries.

## Life

Pompey was born on a sand dune near Finke, in the southern Northern Territory. This inspired her name; __ is the word for a sandhill in languages of the Western Desert. Pompey's parents were Yankunytjatjara people from lands further south, around Kalka and Kaṉpi in South Australia. Pompey grew up in the area around Finke, and then moved south to Ernabella when she was a young woman. At the time, this was a Christian mission set up for Aboriginal people coming in from the desert. While living in Ernabella, learned art and craft at the community's craft room. She learned how to sew, make batik, dye fabrics and spin sheep's wool to make rugs.

Pompey's husband, who she married at Ernabella, was a Pitjantjatjara elder and law keeper for the country around Kaltjiti. They moved to Kaltjiti after it was set up as an outpost in the 1960s. They had 8 children, including six boys and two girls.

Pompey started painting for the community's art centre, Kaltjiti Arts, in 2002. She painted regularly and became quickly noticed by critics. In 2003, one of Pompey's paintings, titled _Pita_, was chosen as a finalist for the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award. Another of her works, _Para - Desert Gums_, was chosen as a finalist for the competition in 2010.

In the ten years that she worked as an artist, Pompey's works became well represented in Australian collections. In 2007, she suffered a mild stroke, which affected the movement in her left hand. She recovered and then continued to paint up until her death. She died on 16 November 2011, in Alice Springs.

## Artwork

Pompey's paintings depict features of the central Australian landscape, such as sand hills, flowers and trees. These are painted with a soft-focus, hazy look. Most of her paintings are minimalist in style, combining basic shapes of colour with dotted fields or lines. She was known for thick brushstrokes and a wide use of colour.

Pompey's designs were also used in a series of rugs made by Kaltjiti Arts, which combined traditional Kashmiri techniques with Australian Western Desert designs.

Pompey's work has been exhibited widely in Australia, mostly in group exhibitions. The Mossenson Galleries in Melbourne held two solo exhibitions of Pompey's work. The first was in 2005. The second was in 2012, after her death, and showed a selection of her final works.

Examples of her paintings are now held in the National Gallery of Victoria, and the Art Gallery of South Australia.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Tali Tali Pompey
- **birth date**: Circa, c. 1945/47
- **birth place**: Finke, Northern Territory
- **death place**: Alice Springs, Northern Territory
- **nationality**: Australians, Australian
- **occupation**: Painter
- **years active**: 2002 – present
- **organization**: Kaltjiti Arts
- **style**: Aboriginal art, Western Desert art
- **children**: 6 sons, 2 daughters
Rupert Thorne

**Rupert Thorne** is a fictional Batman character, who is the crime boss of Batman. Many people think that he hired Joe Chill to kill Bruce Wayne's parents. He helped Mayor Hamilton Hill to be elected and re-elected and corrupting him throughout his term. Throne had hired many people to try to kill Bruce Wayne.

## In other media

He was voiced by John Vernon in _Batman: The Animated Series_.
Harvey Bullock (character)

**Harvey Bullock** is a fictional Batman character  who is a detective who is loyal to Commissioner James Gordon, but does not trust Batman. He is a corrupt detective in one case while in another case he is a good cop.

## In other media

He was voiced by Robert Costanzo in _Batman: The Animated Series_.
Roland Daggett

**Roland Daggett** is a fictional character in the _Batman_ media franchise. He appears in American comic books published by DC Comics.

## Fictional character biography

He is the owner of Daggett Industries and a rival of Bruce Wayne. Daggett is the creator of Clayface. He has tried to corrupt Wayne Enterprises. Daggett uses his medicine company to create a virus in dogs and cats. He was the only person with a cure to the virus. He planned to use the cure to become a hero to the people of Gotham and to make a large amount of money.

## In other media

He was voiced by Ed Asner in _Batman: The Animated Series_. He was played by Ben Mendelsohn as **John Daggett** in _The Dark Knight Rises_.
Arnold Flass

Detective **Arnold John Flass** is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, and is commonly associated with the Batman franchise.

## Fictional character biography

He is a corrupt detective who sells drugs and gives money to drug dealers or the Gotham Mafia. He was the first police-partner of (back then) officer James Gordon when Gotham City was an unsafe place (before Batman).

## In other media

He was played by Mark Boone Junior in _Batman Begins_.
Joe Chill

**Joe Chill** is a fictional Batman character who was the mugger who killed Bruce Wayne's parents when he was young. He was the reason why Batman became Batman from his parents death. Chill was killed during a trial.

## In other media

He was played by Richard Brake in _Batman Begins_.
Victor Zsasz

**Victor Zsasz** is a fictional Batman character from the DC Comics universe who is a serial killer in Gotham City. He has the number of people he had killed written in tally marks on his skin. He uses a pocket knife to kill. He was killed by an anarchist Heat Wave.

## In other media

He was played by Tim Booth in _Batman Begins_ and will be played by Chris Messina in _Birds of Prey_ (2020).
Firefly (DC Comics)

**Firefly** (**Garfield Lynns**) is a fictional Batman character who dresses up as a firefly and shoots gas or poison from a gun. He appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer France Herron and artist Dick Sprang, first appearing in _Detective Comics_ #184 in 1952.

## Fictional character biography

He also uses visual effects. He uses his wings to travel to places. He has a suit that keeps the toxic fumes to go into his lungs. He was once a visual effects artist.

## Powers and abilities

Firefly is known for his expertise in pyrotechnics and fire-based weaponry. He often uses a variety of gadgets, including a jetpack that allows him to fly and flamethrowers that he uses to create chaos and destruction. His skills in engineering and pyrotechnics make him a formidable foe, especially in urban environments.

## In other media

Michelle Veintimilla played the character in the television series _Gotham_. Brendan Fraser was going to play him in the cancelled movie _Batgirl_, set in the DC Extended Universe.
Michael Akins

**Michael Akins** is a fictional Batman character from the DC Comics universe who succeeded James Gordon as commissioner of Gotham City when Gordon retired after his wife was killed by the Joker. A couple years later Gordon had again became commissioner of Gotham.