juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Amoghavarsha Conflicts with Palas

Amoghavarsha I of Rashtrakuta Empire raided the North Eastern India ruled by the Palas at that time, he was successful in defeating the Pala rulers i.e successfully raiding and devastating their territories.

## Raid

Around 866 A.D., after 860 A.D. (the year of the Konnur inscription), Amoghavarsha, the Rashtrakuta king, raided northeastern India. This happened shortly after the death of Devpala, a Pala king. At that time, three Pala provinces—Anga, Vanga, and Magadha—were broken up, which meant they no longer matched Amoghavarsha's rule.

Vigrahapala-I and Surapala were two Pala kings who ruled different parts of the empire at the same time. Surapala was likely a weak ruler, as no military actions are mentioned in his records, only religious sacrifices. He might have been defeated by Amoghavarsha and later overthrown by Vigrahapla I.

Vigrahapala I was probably the king of Anga. He faced defeat from the Rashtrakutas around 865 A.D. and then stepped down, handing over the throne to his son Narayanapala. Dr. H.C. Ray suggested that even though Vigrahapala I might have been peaceful like the ancient king Bimbisara's son Ajatasatru, it doesn't mean he didn't show respect to Amoghavarsha.

## Result

- According to some Pala inscriptions, Narayanapala defeated a Dravidian king who tends to be Amoghavarsha of the Rashtrakuta Empire. According to Historian AS Atllekar there were Indecisive skirmishes between Pala Empire and Rashtrakuta Empire. Both sides claim victory over each other.
- According to Historian Bindeshwari Prasad, Rashtrakuta Ruler Amoghavarsha Successfully raided North Eastern India defeating Vigrahapala I and Sarupala (According to some scholars Sarupala is none other than Narayanapala) the contemporary Ruler of Pala Empire. Dr.HC Raya mentions the same.
- According Sailendra Nath Sen Amoghavarsha of Rashtrakuta Empire successfully defeated Narayanapala of Pala Empire.
- R.C Majumdar also states that Narayanapala of Pala Empire was defeated by Amoghavarsha of Rashtrakuta Empire.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Raids of North–East India
- **place**: Northeast India, North Eastern India
- **result**: Rashtrakuta Empire, Rashtrakuta victory
- **combatant1**:  Rashtrakuta Empire
- **combatant2**:  Pala Empire
- **commander1**:  Rashtrakuta Empire#List of King, Amoghavarsha I
- **commander2**:  Pala Empire#List of rulers, Surapala
  Pala Empire#List of rulers, Vigrahapala I
  Pala Empire#List of rulers, Naryanapala
- **date**: 860/866 A.D
- **partof**: Rashtrakuta Empire, Rashtrakuta–Pala Empire, Pala Conflicts
- **territory**: No Territorial Changes took place during this conflict.
Respect and Freedom Party

The **Respect and Freedom Party** (Hungarian: _Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt_, **TISZA**) is a centre-right political party in Hungary. It was founded in 2020 and is led by Péter Magyar.

The party was founded in 2020 but gained national prominence in 2024 when it ran in the European Parliament and Budapest municipal elections. With just three months of preparation and no nationwide organization, it came in second in both elections. This rapid rise is unprecedented in Hungarian politics, making it the main challenger to Fidesz, which has governed for fourteen years.

## History

The party was founded in 2020 but the 2024 European Parliament election, it gained 29.6% of the votes, making it the leading opposition party against Fidesz.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Respect and Freedom Party
- **native name**: Tisztelet és Szabadság Párt
- **logo**: TISZA_2024.svg
- **colorcode**: #ED4551
- **president**: Péter Magyar
- **foundation**: October 23 2020
- **ideology**: Conservatism
- **headquarters**: Eger
- **country**: Hungary
- **colors**: Red
 Green
 Navy blue
- **position**: Centre-right
- **europarl**: European People’s Party
- **seats1 title**: National Assembly (Hungary), National Assembly
- **seats2 title**: European Parliament
- **seats3 title**: Counties of Hungary, County Assemblies
Mazda EZ-6

The **Mazda EZ-6** is a mid-size car produced by Mazda through its joint venture with Changan, called Changan Mazda, in China. It was first introduced in April 2024 at the Beijing Auto Show and became available for purchase in mid-2024. The car is designed as a five-door liftback and comes with a choice of a fully electric powertrain or an extended-range electric vehicle (EREV) configuration.

## History

The development of the Mazda EZ-6 was a collaborative effort between Mazda and Changan Automobile. It utilizes the Changan EPA1 platform, which is shared with models like the Deepal L07.

## Features

The Mazda EZ-6 has many features and the electric version is estimated to have a driving range of approximately 600 km (373 miles) under CLTC standards. The car is equipped with a 14.6-inch central display powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip, which controls functions such as climate control, seating, and multimedia. Other features include a 14-speaker Sony sound system, 64-color ambient lighting, and "zero-gravity" front seats The vehicle also includes a glass roof .

## Markets

The Mazda EZ-6 was initially launched in China and has been confirmed for release in European markets starting in 2024.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Mazda EZ-6
- **image**: Mazda EZ-6 003 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Mazda EZ-6 EV
- **manufacturer**: Mazda (Changan Mazda)
- **model code**: J90A (development code)
- **production**: 2024–present
- **assembly**: China: Nanjing, Jiangsu (Changan Mazda)
- **class**: Mid-size car (D-segment, D)
- **body style**: 5-door liftback
- **platform**: Changan EPA platform, Changan EPA1 platform
- **layout**: Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive (EV)
Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Front-engine, rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive (EREV)
- **motor**: Permanent magnet synchronous motor, AC induction/asynchronous, permanent magnet motors
- **drivetrain**: Range extender
- **predecessor**: Mazda6
Frederik Finisie

**Frederik Finisie** (c. 1958 – 5 December 2024) was a Surinamese politician.

As a member of the National Democratic Party (NDP) he served for 22 years as a member of the National Assembly from 1996 to 2018. From August 2018 to 2020 he was District Commissioner of Brokopondo. In 2021 he moved from NDP to General Liberation and Development Party.

Finisie died at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo on 5 December 2024, at the age of 66.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frederik Finisie
- **image**: Frederik Finisie 2018, 6 (cropped).png
- **caption**: Finisie in 2018
- **birth date**: c. 1958
- **death place**: Paramaribo, Suriname
- **nationality**: Surinamese
- **occupation**: politician
Dessert spoon

A **dessert spoon** is a spoon for eating desserts. It is similar to a soup spoon, but with an oval bowl instead of a round one.
Soup spoon

A **soup spoon** is a spoon for drinking soup. It is similar to a dessert spoon, but with a deep, round bowl to hold liquid.
Cruel Intentions (series)

***Cruel Intentions*** is an American drama and romance television series. It is based on the 1999 movie of the same name, which itself was inspired by the French novel Les Liaisons Dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos.

## Plot

The story follows two step-siblings, Caroline Merteuil and Lucien Belmont, who are rich, powerful, and ruthless. They attend the prestigious Manchester College near Washington, D.C. The siblings will do anything to stay at the top of the social ladder, including manipulation and betrayal.

When a scandal threatens to expose the corrupt system of the school's elite societies, they create a dangerous plan. They involve Annie Grover, the daughter of the Vice President of the United States, in their schemes. The show explores themes like power, love, loyalty, and morality.

## Main cast

- Sarah Catherine Hook as Caroline Merteuil
- Zac Burgess as Lucien Belmont
- Savannah Smith as Annie Grover

## Production

The series was created by Phoebe Fisher and Sara Goodman. It is produced by Sony Pictures Television and Amazon MGM Studios. The show streams on Amazon Freevee.

## Reception

The show has received mixed reviews. Some praised its bold storytelling and modern themes, while others criticized it for not living up to the original movie. It has a rating of 3.2/5 based on six user reviews.

## Trivia

- The series updates the original movie's setting and themes for a modern audience.
- It explores how social media and technology affect relationships and power dynamics.

## Episodes

The first season premiered in 2024 and includes eight episodes:

- Alpha
- Beta
- Gamma
- Delta
- Epsilon
- Zeta
- Eta
- Theta

## Sources

https://www.fernsehserien.tv/eiskalte-engel.shtml
Mazda CX-8

The **Mazda CX-8** is a mid-size crossover SUV produced by Mazda. It was first introduced in late 2017 and is known for being a three-row SUV, The CX-8 is similar in design to the Mazda CX-5 but is longer and It was Mazda’s flagship SUV in Japan and is available in multiple countries.

## History and Features

The Mazda CX-8 was unveiled on September 14, 2017, and launched in Japan in December 2017. the vehicle is available in configurations for six or seven passengers. Initially, the SUV was offered with a 2.2 L Skyactiv-D diesel engine. In 2018, Mazda added petrol engine options, including a 2.5 L Skyactiv-G engine, both naturally aspirated and turbocharged.

## Markets

The CX-8 was initially released in Japan, where it recieved over 12,000 orders shortly after launch. It was also introduced in Australia, where it was available with both diesel and petrol engines. In New Zealand, the SUV was released with a diesel option and underwent updates in 2019 and 2023. The model was marketed in Malaysia and Vietnam with various trims, and it continued to be sold in these regions after Japan's production ended. The vehicle was also available in countries like Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore, offering different engine options and seating configurations.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Mazda CX-8
- **image**: Mazda CX-8 Sport, 2021 front (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: 2021 Mazda CX-8 Sport
- **model code**: KG
- **manufacturer**: Mazda
- **class**: Mid-size crossover SUV
- **body style**: 5-door SUV
- **related**: Mazda CX-5#KF, Mazda CX-5 (KF)
Mazda CX-9#TC, Mazda CX-9 (TC)
- **transmission**: 6-speed Skyactiv#Skyactiv-Drive, _Skyactiv-Drive_ Automatic transmission, automatic
- **designer**: Yuki Harada
- **successor**: Mazda CX-80 (Japan, Australia and New Zealand)
LMP – Hungary's Green Party

The **LMP – Hungary's Green Party** (Hungarian: _LMP – Magyarország Zöld Pártja_, **LMP**) is a centrist political party in Hungary. It was founded in 2009. The party focuses on environmental protection, fighting corruption, and supporting green energy.

LMP wants Hungary to be more eco-friendly and fair. They support better public transportation, renewable energy, and protecting forests and rivers. The party also works for social justice and equal opportunities for all people.

In 2025, the party's group in the National Assembly ended because many people left the party. Officially, the three LMP politicians are now in Parliament as independent members. In a podcast interview on June 29, Péter Ungár basically said that he has stopped being active in politics and that it is possible LMP might also end.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: LMP - Hungary's Green Party
- **native name**: LMP - Magyarország Zöld Pártja
- **logo**: Symbol_of_LMP_hungarys_green_party.svg
- **logo size**: 100px
- **colorcode**: #36ca8b
- **leader**: Péter Ungár
- **foundation**: 2009
- **ideology**: Green politics
Eco-socialism
European Union, Pro-europeanism
Green politics, Green liberalism
Syncretic politics
- **headquarters**: Budapest
- **country**: Hungary
- **native name lang**: hu
Everybody's Hungary People's Party

The **Everybody’s Hungary People’s Party** (Hungarian: _Mindenki Magyarországa Néppárt_, **MMN**) is a centre-right political party in Hungary. The party was founded by Péter Márki-Zay.

## Ideology

It has a 12-point plan that includes the rule of law, freedom of the press, siding with the West, joining the Eurozone, and securing borders against illegal immigration.

The party was created to build a conservative political group in Hungary that aims to change the system, ending corruption and careless politics without any clear future plan.

As the Hungarian member of the European People's Party, it aims to represent Hungarian national interests and European values.

## Infobox (political party)

- **native name**: Mindenki Magyarországa Néppárt
- **logo**: Mindenki_Magyarországa_Mozgalom_logo.png
- **logo size**: 100px
- **colorcode**: #011166
- **leader**: Péter Márki-Zay
- **foundation**: 16 September 2023
- **ideology**: Christian democracy
 Liberal conservatism
 Economic liberalism
 Patriotism
- **headquarters**: Budapest
- **country**: Hungary
- **colors**: Blue
- **membership**: 6,000
- **position**: Centre-right
Bulawayo

**Bulawayo** is the second largest city in Zimbabwe. It is the largest city in the country's Matabeleland region. The city's population, based on the 2022 census, is listed as 665,940.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Bulawayo
- **nickname**: 'City of Kings', 'Skies', 'Bompton' or 'Bulliesberg'
- **settlement type**: City and Provinces of Zimbabwe, province
- **motto**: Si ye phambili (Let us go forward)
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image skyline**: Bulawayo CBD.jpg
- **image caption**: View of Bulawayo's Central Business District (CBD) from Pioneer House by Prince Phumulani Nyoni. The CBD is 5.4 square kilometres and is in a grid pattern with 17 avenues and 11 streets.
- **image flag**: Flag of Bulawayo.svg
- **image shield**: Bulawayo Zimbabwe COA.svg
- **image map**: Bulawayo district.png
- **map caption**: Location of Bulawayo Province
- **image map1**: Bulawayo in Zimbabwe (adm).svg
- **map caption1**: Bulawayo highlighted in red in Zimbabwe
- **pushpin map**: Zimbabwe#Africa#World
- **parts type**: Divisions

- **parts**: 4 districts, 29 wards, 156 suburbs
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Zimbabwe, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Bulawayo Province, Bulawayo
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Zimbabwe, District
- **subdivision name2**: City of Bulawayo
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor of Bulawayo, Mayor
- **leader name**: David Coltart (Citizens Coalition for Change, CCC)
- **leader title1**: City council, Council
- **leader name1**: Bulawayo City Council
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1840
- **established title2**: Incorporated (town)
- **established date2**: 1897
- **established title3**: Incorporated (city)
- **established date3**: 1943
- **area total km2**: 545.8
- **area land km2**: 479
- **area water km2**: 66.8
- **area metro km2**: 1706.8
- **population as of**: 2022 census
- **population total**: 665,952
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central Africa Time, CAT
- **utc offset**: +2
- **timezone dst**: not observed
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **elevation m**: 1358
- **area code**: 029
- **blank name**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info**: Humid subtropical climate, Cwa
- **blank name sec1**: Human Development Index, HDI (2021)
- **blank info sec1**: 0.693
 · List of Zimbabwean provinces by Human Development Index, 1st of 10
Richard Hudson (American politician)

**Richard Lane Hudson Jr.** (born November 4, 1971) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 9th congressional district since 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party.

In December 2020, Hudson was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of _Texas v. Pennsylvania_, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court that tried to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election.

## Other websites

- Congressman Richard Hudson official U.S. House website
- Richard Hudson for Congress

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Richard Hudson
- **image**: Richard Hudson official congressional photo.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2016
- **office**: Chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee
- **leader**: Kevin McCarthy
Mike Johnson
- **term start**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor**: Tom Emmer
- **office1**: Republican Conference Secretary of the United States House of Representatives, Secretary of the House Republican Conference
- **leader1**: Kevin McCarthy
- **term start1**: January 3, 2021
- **term end1**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor1**: Jason Smith (American politician), Jason Smith
- **successor1**: Lisa McClain
- **office2**: Member of the
 U.S. House of Representatives
 from North Carolina
- **term start2**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor2**: Larry Kissell
- **constituency2**: (2013–2023)
 (2023–present)
- **birth name**: Richard Lane Hudson Jr.
- **birth place**: Franklin, Virginia, Franklin, Virginia, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 1
- **education**: University of North Carolina, Charlotte (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Krishna II's Attack on Palas

Krishna II of the Rashtrakuta Empire along with his ally Commander Malla I of Velanadu defeated Narayanapala of the Pala Empire during 908 A.D. Krishna II may have annexed Orissa as it was lost by Narayanapala after the Rashtrakuta Invasion while Ranasthambha, the king of sulki conquered Radha province of Pala Empire.

## Battle

Krishna II, the Rashtrakuta king, likely defeated Narayanapala in battle, as he is said to have been the teacher who made the Gauda people take an oath of humility. However peace was established between the two kingdoms with a marriage alliance, Narayanapala married his son Rajyapala to the daughter of Tunga, who some believe was Jagattunga, the son of Krishna II. Part of Radha may have been taken over by the Sulki king, Maharajadhiraja Ranasthambha. Malla I of Velanadu also claimed to have conquered the Vangas, Magadhas, and Gaudas, and he might have fought alongside Krishna II as a military leader.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Krishna II's Attack on Gauda
- **place**: Pala Empire, North Eastern India
- **result**: Peace treaty
- **combatant1**:  Rashtrakuta Empire
Sulkis
- **combatant2**:   Pala Empire
- **commander1**:  Rashtrakuta Empire#List of King, Krishna II
 Malla I
- **commander2**:  Pala Empire#List of rulers, Naryanapala
- **date**: 908 A.D
- **partof**: Rashtrakuta Empire, Rashtrakuta–Pala Empire, Pala Conflicts
- **territory**: * Part of Radha captured by Sulki king, Ranasthambha.
Ameerega yoshina

***Ameerega yoshina*** is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Body

The adult frog is 26 - 35 mm long from nose to rear end. This frog has small front feet for a frog its side.  There are yellow stripes from the eyes to the rear end.  Other than that, these frogs can be different colors depending on where they live.  Frogs that live near Contamana have brick-red or orange backs and green-gold or yellow-green bellies. Frogs from Callanayacu can have orange or red backs but are usually orange and they have blue bellies with black marks on them.  In both groups of frogs, the legs can be black, light olive green, or any color in between.

## Name

Scientists named this frog _yoshina_ for the word _yoshin_, which means "evil spirit" in the Panoan language. They named it this because the frog is hard to see and because its voice sounds strange.

## Home

People have seen this frog in two places, one in Serranía de Contamana and the other in Cordillera Azul.  It lives in forests that human beings have not changed. People have seen it near streams.  People see the adult frogs under logs or under dead leaves on the ground.  Scientists saw the frog between 230 and 600 meters above sea level.

The frog lives in at least one protected park, Cordillera Azul National Park. It also lives just outside Sierra del Divisor National Park.

## Young

The male frog sits on the dead leaves on the ground and calls to the female frogs. The tadpoles swim in pools of water that are not deep and are in the forest.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in danger of dying out. People change the places where the frog lives, especially near Río Huallaga. People cut down forests to make farms, for example palm oil, coffee, and banana farms. In Seirra del Divisor, people change the places the frog lives by building roads, building pipes to move oil, digging good rocks out of the ground and digging oil out of the ground. People also come into the forest to get wood to build with but this is against the law.
Zhang Qiongyue

**Zhang Qiongyue** (; born 12 March 2004) is a Chinese rifle shooter. She won a bronze medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics, a gold and a bronze at the  and other medals.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Zhang Qiongyue
- **image**: Zhang Qiongyue (8565513) (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: Image of Zhang holding her Olympic bronze medal
- **caption**: Zhang Qiongyue at the 2024 Summer Olympics
- **native name**: 张琼月
- **native name lang**: zh
- **birth place**: Jilin City, China
- **sport**: Rifle Shooting sports, shooting
- **country**: China
- **show-medals**: no
2022 FIFA World Cup controversies

The **awarding of the 2022 FIFA World Cup to Qatar** has raised a number of concerns and controversies regarding Qatar's suitability as a host country and the fairness of the FIFA World Cup bidding process. Criticism from various media outlets, sports experts and human rights groups highlighted issues such as Qatar's poor football history, the expected high cost, the local climate, bribery in the bidding process and Qatar's record of human rights violations although other parts of the world do not focus as much on these concerns.

The choice of hosting the World Cup in Qatar has been the source of considerable controversy. Criticism focused on Qatar's multiple human rights violations, particularly the treatment of migrant workers, women and the position on LGBT rights, leading to allegations of " sportswashing." Others have cited Qatar's intense heat and lack of a strong football culture, as well as evidence of bribery for hosting rights and widespread corruption within FIFA. Several countries, clubs and players declared boycotts of the event, and former FIFA president Sepp Blatter twice said that granting hosting rights to Qatar was a "mistake".

## Human rights

Various groups and media outlets have expressed concern about Qatar's suitability to host the event, due to serious questions about respect for human rights.

In October 2022, some European national teams announced that their respective team captains wear armbands alluding to support the LGBT. A few days before the start of the World Cup, FIFA warned that players wearing such a badge would be reprimanded, so the European federations backed down on their intentions to wear a badge in LGBT colours.

IIn an interview for the German television channel ZDF, one of the ambassadors of the World Cup, former international player Khalid Salman, declared that ‘homosexuality is a mental damage’. Following these statements, representatives of the organising committee interrupted the interview.
2022 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony

The **2022 FIFA World Cup opening ceremony** takes place on 20 November at Al-Bayt Stadium in Al-Khor, Qatar.

It will be broadcast at 18:00 UTC+03 (local time), prior to the match between hosts Qatar and Ecuador on first day of Group A.

Italian artistic director Marco Balich, who has already worked on a number of Olympic Games ceremonies, is in charge of organising the show.

A series of concerts is also planned, featuring Jeon Jungkook, the South Korean singer of BTS, and the American rapper Lil Boy, two names that have been confirmed. A number of other artists have been lined up to take part in the competition, including Maître Gims, Robbie Williams, the Black Eyed Peas, David Guetta, Maroon 5, J. Balvin, Major Lazer and Enrique Iglesias.

## Speakers

- Morgan Freeman, American actor;
- Marcel Desailly, 1998 world champion with France, came to present the World Cup trophy;
- Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar.
8Wines

**8Wines** is a premium wine importer, online retailer, négociant, and wholesaler based in Prague, Czech Republic, founded in 2015. The company specializes in sourcing unique wines often unavailable in local markets or on other online platforms.

Known for its selection of rare wines from around the world, it has become a leader in online wine retail, particularly for exclusive offerings.

## History

8Wines was started to sell high quality U.S. wines to customers in Europe. Since then, it has added many different wines from other places, including Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina, as well as from European countries like France, Italy, and Spain. 8Wines has grown quickly and has a strong connection with more than 700 wineries around the world, which helps it offer unique wines.

In 2021, 8Wines received an investment from Chateau Purcari, a well known winery in Moldova. Purcari bought 10% of 8Wines. The partnership helped 8Wines offer more high quality wines from Central and Eastern Europe. Chateau Purcari is recognised as a leading winery in the region and was named the best winery from Central and Eastern Europe at the Decanter Award in 2023. 8 Wines contribute to Forbes Next Big Thing event by hosting a wine tasting.

## Recognition

8wines has grown quickly and achieved man y successes. It has been recognised in industry magazines as the fastest growing wine company in Europe. The company has a growth rate of 372.6% and an average annual growth rate of 67.8%.

## Awards

8Wines received Gold rating from Wine-Searcher for seven year in a row.

In 2024, Financial Times named 8Wines as one of the top 1,000 fastest growing companies in Europe.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: 8Wines
- **industry**: Wine Retailing
- **founded**: 19, January 2015
- **hq location**: Prague, Czech Republic
- **area served**: Europe
- **key people**: Vasliy Dinkov (CEO) Sergey Nekipelov (CTO)
- **num employees**: 20
- **website**: https://8wines.com/
Oracular Spectular

***Oracular Spectacular*** is the debut studio album by the American band MGMT, It was released on October 2, 2007, by RED Ink and on January 22, 2008, by Columbia.

## Track listing

**Notes**
- An earlier version of "Time to Pretend" appeared on _Time to Pretend EP_.
- An earlier version of "Kids" appeared on _We (Don't) Care_, _Climbing to New Lows_ and _Time to Pretend EP_.

## Personnel

- Andrew VanWyngarden – lead vocals, lead and rhythm guitars, synthesizers, bass guitar, drums, percussion
- Ben Goldwasser – keyboards, synthesizers, sampling, rhythm guitar, percussion, backing vocals

### Weekly charts

|Chart (2008)|Peak position|
| --- | --- |
|34||
|114||
|74||

### Year-end charts

|Chart (2008)|Position|
| --- | --- |
|16||
|35||
|93||
|77||
|65||
|Chart (2009)|Position|
| --- | --- |
|85||
|79||
|94||
|96||
|117||

## Certifications

<//ref>

## Awards

|Title|Award|Result||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|NME Awards 2009|Best Track of 2009|style="background:#dfd;"|Won|

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Oracular Spectacular
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: MGMT
- **released**: October 2, 2007
- **recorded**: 2004–2007
- **length**: 40:30
- **prev title**: Time to Pretend (EP), Time to Pretend
- **prev year**: 2005
- **next title**: Congratulations (album), Congratulations
- **next year**: 2010
Caroline Chew

**Caroline Rosanna Pei Jia Chew** (born 18 April 1992) is a Singaporean equestrian athlete and lawyer. She was at the 2018 World Equestrian Games and the 2014 Asian Games in dressage. She was also at the 2010 Youth Olympic Games for show jumping. She won many medals in the Southeast Asian Games. She was at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Career

Chew started riding horse when she was six years old. She did show jumping and was seventeenth place in the Singapore 2010 Youth Olympic Games.

Chew later went from show jumping to dressage. Chew was the first Singaporean dressage rider at the 2018 World Equestrian Games in Tryon. She was 56th place.

A new rider needed to be picked from the Dressage Grand Prix in Le Mans, France, for the 2020 Summer Olympics. Chew went to the Grand Prix and made a personal score of 69.674. She also got into the Olympics. Chew is the first Singaporean equestrian to be in the Olympic Games. Chew was later taken out from the Games because her horse was bleeding from the mouth.

## Personal life

Caroline Chew studied law at the Bristol University in England. She lives in London and works as a lawyer at Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer.

Her older sister Catherine Chew is a successful show-jumper. Catherine won silver and gold medals in the 2015 Southeast Asian Games in Singapore.

## Infobox (equestrian)

- **image**: Carolinechew.jpg
- **caption**: Chew in 2018
- **fullname**: Caroline Rosanna Pei Jia Chew
- **nationality**: Singaporean
Antisemitism in Europe

**Antisemitism**, also known as **Judeophobia**, has a long history in Europe. (Those who hold **antisemitic** views are called **antisemites**.) The worst instance of antisemitism in European history is the Holocaust. The Holocaust was done by German Nazis and affected most of peninsular Europe.

### 20th Century

The Nazis murdered 11 million people during World War 2. 6 million of them were Jewish by ethnicity or faith.

The Nazis knew who the Jews were because the Nazis made laws that said ethnic Jews had to wear a star of David on their clothing. Then the Nazis paid people (SS Officers) to go around and ask where ethnic Jews were. Then they murdered 11 million people, which is why it is called "Holocaust". Holocaust means "wholly burned".

### 21st century

In a 2013 research of 5,847 Jews in Europe, 76% thought that antisemitism had increased in the previous five years, while 29% had thought about moving countries as they felt unsafe. The cause of persistent antisemitism in Europe is under debate.

## Related pages

- Anti-Judaism and antisemitism
- Antisemitism in the Soviet Union
Peter Robinson (speechwriter)

**Peter Mark Robinson** (born April 18, 1957) is an American author, research fellow, television host and former speechwriter for then-Vice President George H. W. Bush and President Ronald Reagan.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Peter Robinson
- **image**: Peter Robinson (speechwriter) 1986 36.jpg
- **caption**: Robinson in 2019
- **birth place**: Vestal, New York, U.S.
- **known for**: Tear down this wall!, Berlin Wall Speech
- **office**: Speechwriter for the White House
- **office1**: Speechwriter, Chief Speechwriter for the Vice President of the United States, Vice President
- **termstart**: 1983
- **termend1**: 1983
- **termstart1**: 1982
- **termend**: 1988
- **president**: Ronald Reagan
- **president1**: Ronald Reagan
- **birth name**: Peter Mark Robinson
- **education**: Dartmouth College (Bachelor's degree, BA)
Christ Church, Oxford (Philosophy, politics and economics, BA)
Stanford University (Master of Business Administration, MBA)
Anthony R. Dolan

**Anthony R. Dolan** (July 7, 1948 – March 11, 2025) was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist. He was a speechwriter for President Ronald Reagan from March 1981 until the end of Reagan's second term in 1989.

Dolan died at a hospital in Alexandria, Virginia, on March 10, 2025, at the age of 76.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tony Dolan
- **image**: President Ronald Reagan with Tony Dolan (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Dolan in 1989
- **alt**: Ronald Reagan - Anthony Dolan - White House
- **office**: White House Director of Speechwriting, White House Chief Speechwriter
- **president**: Ronald Reagan
- **term start**: November 17, 1981
- **term end**: January 20, 1989
Acting: May 3, 1981 – November 17, 1981
- **predecessor**: Ken Khachigian
- **successor**: Chriss Winston (Director of Speechwriting)
- **birth place**: Norwalk, Connecticut, U.S.
- **death place**: Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **relatives**: Terry Dolan (activist), Terry Dolan (brother)
- **education**: Yale University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
John C. Kornblum

**John Christian Kornblum** (February 6, 1943 – December 21, 2023) was an American politician and businessman. He was the Ambassador to Germany from 1997 to 2001.

Kornblum died in Nashville, Tennessee, on December 21, 2023, at the age of 80.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Christian Kornblum
- **image**: John Kornblum, KAS Berlin, 2014.jpg
- **office**: United States Ambassador to Germany
- **president**: Bill Clinton
- **term start**: September 10, 1997
- **term end**: January 16, 2001
- **predecessor**: James D. Bindenagel (_acting_)
- **successor**: Daniel R. Coats
- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **office1**: 19th Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs
- **termstart1**: July 3, 1996
- **termend1**: August 1, 1997
- **preceded1**: Richard Holbrooke
- **succeeded1**: Marc Grossman
TASS

The **Russian News Agency TASS**, or simply **TASS**, is a Russian state-owned news agency. It was founded in 1904. It is the largest Russian news agency and one of the largest news agencies worldwide.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Russian News Agency TASS
- **logo**:
- **image**: Итар-Тасс.jpg
- **image size**: 300px
- **image caption**: TASS Soviet-era brutalist building in Moscow
- **type**: Federal State Unitary Enterprise
- **location**: Moscow, Russia
- **key people**: Andrey Kondrashov (director)
- **industry**: State media news agency
- **products**: News media
- **owner**: Wholly owned by Government of Russia, federal government (as federal unitary enterprise)
- **area served**: Worldwide
James Mann (writer)

**James Mann** (born 1946) is an American journalist and author. He has written non-fiction books, including three about America's relationship with China. Earlier in his career, he worked at _The Washington Post_, where he took part in the newspaper's Watergate coverage.

His magazine articles have appeared in _The New Republic_, _The Atlantic Monthly_, _The American Prospect_, and _The American Lawyer_.

## Other websites

- _Damage Bigly_ January 18, 2018 issue of _New York Review Books_
- discusses his book _The China Fantasy_ as part of  the University of Chicago's World Beyond the Headlines Series
- "James Mann", Conversations with History: Institute of International Studies, UC Berkeley

## Infobox (writer)

- **image**: File:James_Mann_(writer).jpg
- **caption**: James Mann interviews with VOA
- **genre**: journalism and non-fiction
- **notableworks**: _Rise of The Vulcans_
- **subject**: Foreign policy of the United States, American foreign policy and China–United States relations
- **birth place**: Albany, New York, U.S.
Ángela Álvarez

**Ángela Álvarez** (June 13, 1927 – December 6, 2024) was a Cuban-born American singer. She was known as the oldest Latin Grammy Award for Best New Artist winner ever. She shared the 2022 award in 2022. Her songs were first recorded on an album produced by her grandson, Carlos José Alvarez. Alvarez was in the 2022 remake of _Father of the Bride_, where she sang "Quiéreme mucho". She was born in Camagüey, Cuba.

Alvarez died on December 6, 2024 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana at the age of 97.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Ángela Álvarez
- **birth place**: Camagüey, Republic of Cuba (1902–1959), Cuba
- **death place**: Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.
Laurent Ulrich

**Laurent Bernard Marie Ulrich** (born 7 September 1951) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church. He became Archbishop of Paris in May 2022. Ulrich has been a bishop since 2000. He was Archbishop of Lille from 2008 to 2022.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Archbishop
- **name**: Laurent Ulrich
- **honorific-prefix**: The Most Reverend
- **title**: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris, Archbishop of Paris
- **image**: Bouvines - Commémoration de la Bataille en 2014 (13.2) (cropped).jpg
- **church**: Catholic Church
- **archdiocese**: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris, Paris
- **see**: Paris
- **appointed**: April 26, 2022
- **enthroned**: May 23, 2022
- **predecessor**: Michel Aupetit
- **ordination**: December 2, 1979
- **ordained by**: Albert Decourtray
- **consecration**: September 10, 2000
- **consecrated by**: Louis-Marie Billé
- **birth place**: Dijon, French Fourth Republic, France
- **previous post**: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chambéry–Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne–Tarentaise, Archbishop of Chambéry–Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne–Tarentaise,
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lille, Archbishop of Lille
- **coat of arms**:
- **motto**:
(The joy of believing)
Carl the Collector

***Carl the Collector*** is an animated educational children's television series. The series premiered on November 14, 2024, it was aired on PBS Kids. It features the first series on the channel with a main character with autism spectrum disorder. The series features Carl, is an autistic anthropomorphic raccoon who enjoys keeping collections of everything.

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Children
- **creator**: Zachariah OHora
- **country**: United States
Canada
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 23 (45 segments)
- **company**: Fuzzytown Productions
- **network**: PBS Kids
Sugar bowl

A **sugar bowl** is a small bowl to contain sugar or sugar cubes, to be served with tea or coffee.
Pasteur Bizimungu

Pasteur Bizimungu is a Rwandan politician who served as the third President of Rwanda, holding office from 19 July 1994 until 23 March 2000. Bizimungu had previously held several positions under President Juvenal Habyarimana throughout the 1980s. On 7 June 2004 he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for attempting to form a militia, inciting violence, and embezzlement. President Pasteur Bizimungu, a moderate Hutu and member of the- (mainly Tutsi) RPF has been in power since the then-guerrilla RPA took Kigali in July, 1994. His family and political supporters suffered at the hands of extremist Hutus during the events of April, 1994. The RPF-led coalition government has brought a large measure of stability to the country. The USG has supported the current government. We have given over $600 million in emergency and humanitarian aid to the sub-regioni AID- has given substantial sums in development aid, DOD has provided humanitarian assistance and IMET trainingi various agencies have contributed money and personnel to efforts to ready the International Tribunal and Rwandan court system to try those suspected of crimes against humanity, including genocide. We have also supported the Rwandan government at the UN, including support for lifting the arms embargo against Rwanda. European governments believe that the USG is L---------~especially credible with the GOR. Despite considerable progress under very difficult circumstances, President Bizimungu's government has encountered several significant problems since taking power. The judicial system was decimated in 1994. There are over 55,000 prisoners in Rwandan jails in horrific conditions, most arrested since Bizimungu took office. Members of Congress, NGOs and the international community are concerned about this problem, and the GOR's apparent lack of response to it. Zaire has given Rwanda and the UNHCR until December 31 to show substantial progress on repatriating the one million Rwandans in Zaire, at which time Zaire threatens to repatriate them involuntarily, as they started to do in August. Rwandan troops have committed atrocities in April at Kibeho and again in September near Gisenyi, resulting in the deaths of several hundreds. Both incidents were promptly investigated with the full participation of the government (the investigation into the September incidents is not yet complete). The Government of Rwanda is keenly interested in receiving further development aid and diplomatic/political support from the USG. They have indicated an interest in obtaining non-lethal military equipment from DOD stocks. President Bizimungu has met with Defense Secretary Perry, AID Administrator Atwood, and Assistant Secretary of State George

**Born:** 1950 (age 74 years), Gisenyi Province

**Presidential term:** July 19, 1994 – March 23, 2000

**Education:** University of Rwanda, Strasbourg University

**Previous office:** President of Rwanda (1994–2000)

**Descendants:** Carine Cyuzuzo, Nicole Tamara, Alexander Tabera
Samsung Galaxy A16

**Samsung Galaxy A16** and **Samsung Galaxy A16 5G** are Android mid-range smartphones developed by Samsung, currently running Android 15 with One UI 7.0. Both models were announced on October 7, 2024, and were eventually released on October 25, 2024. The Galaxy A16 has storage options of 128GB and 256GB, and RAM options of 4GB, 6GB and 8GB. It comes in Blue Black, Grey and Light Green.

#### Camera

The Galaxy A16 comes with a 50 MP rear camera, a f/1.8 wide camera, a 2 MP f/2.4 macro camera and a 13 MP front camera.

#### Chipset

The Galaxy A16 4G comes with Mediatek Helio G99 (6 nm), and the A16 5G has either Mediatek Dimensity 6300 (6 nm) or Exynos 1330 (5 nm) depending on region.

#### Battery and Charging

The Galaxy A16 comes with a 5000mAh battery, and supports 25W fast charging.

#### Display

The Galaxy A16 comes with a Super AMOLED Display that has a 90hz refresh rate. Its display size is 6.7 inches.

#### Memory

The Galaxy A16 offers 128GB/256GB storage options, and 4GB/6GB/8GB RAM options depending on region. Micro sdXC cards are also supported, up to 1TB in size, to further increase the storage size.

### Software

Both 4G and 5G models come with Android 14 out of the box. Samsung Galaxy A16 and A16 5G currently use Android 15 as the main Operating system with Samsung's One UI 7.0. Both Galaxy A16 4G no 5G variant are set to receive 8 more major Android releases, and up to 19 more years of software support from Samsung.

## Other websites

- Samsung Galaxy A16 5G
- Samsung Galaxy A16

## Infobox (mobile phone)

- **name**: Samsung Galaxy A16
Samsung Galaxy A16 5G
- **image**: Samsung Galaxy A16 5G 2025.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **brand**: Samsung Galaxy
- **manufacturer**: Samsung Electronics
- **series**: Samsung Galaxy A series
- **networks**: **A16 4G:** 2G / 3G / 4G LTE
**A16 5G:** 2G / 3G / 4G LTE / 5G NR
- **predecessor**: Samsung Galaxy A15
- **successor**: Samsung Galaxy A17
- **type**: Smartphone
- **form**: Slate phone, Slate
- **size**: H
  W
  D
- **soc**: **A16 4G:** Mediatek Helio G99 (6nm)
**A16 5G:** Exynos 1330 (5 nm), Mediatek Dimensity 6300 (6 nm)
- **cpu**: Octa-core (2x2.4 GHz Cortex-A78 & 6x2.0 GHz Cortex-A55) or Octa-core (2x2.4 GHz Cortex-A76 & 6x2.0 GHz Cortex-A55)
- **gpu**: Mali-G68 MP2, Mali-G57 MC2
- **memory**: 4GB, 6GB, 8GB
- **storage**: 128GB, 256GB
- **memory 6**: Supports Micro SD cards up to 1TB in size
- **sim**: Nano-SIM
- **battery**: 5000mAh
- **charging**: 25W Super Fast Charging (Charger not included in the box)
- **display**:
1080 x 2340 px resolution, 19.5:9 ratio (~396 ppi density)
Super AMOLED, 90Hz, 800 nits (HBM)
- **sound**: Mono Speaker
- **connectivity**: Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, dual-band, Wi-Fi Direct
Bluetooth	5.3, A2DP, LE
- **input**: * Multi-touch Touchscreen, screen
* USB-C, USB Type-C 2.0
* Fingerprint scanner
* Accelerometer
* Gyroscope
* Compass
- **water resist**: IP54
- **caption**: Samsung Galaxy A16 5G's front
Bart Lensink

**Bartholomeus Marinus “Bart” Lensink** (28 August 1925 – December 2024) was a Dutch zoologist. He was the fifth director of the zoo Natura Artis Magistra in Amsterdam from 1973 to 1990.

## Biography

Born in The Hague, Lensink received his doctorate in 1963 with a thesis on the distribution of Acrididae in nature reserve . He then worked for some time at the  (National Service for the IJsselmeerpolders) and for nine years as a biology teacher in Brielle. He then became principal of the .

In 1973, Lensink succeeded Ernst Frederik Jacobi as director of Artis. During Lensink's directorship, the approach to animals changed. The animal became central and no longer the pleasure of the visitor, keeper or director. For example, before his directorship, keepers would walk with monkeys and have them perform tricks to please the public. The number of species was reduced by a third, from 1529 species in 1972 to 1051 in 1990.

Lensink died in December 2024 at the age of 99 years old.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bart Lensink
- **image**: Afscheidsreceptie dr EF Jacobi als directeur van Artis, dr Jacobi (links) en, Bestanddeelnr 926-7115 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Lensink in 1973
- **birth name**: Bartholomeus Marinus Lensink
- **birth place**: The Hague, Netherlands
- **nationality**: Dutch
- **occupation**: zoologist
Olga Desmond

**Olga Desmond** (born **Olga Antonie Sellin**; 2 November 1890 – 2 August 1964) was a German dancer, actress, art model and living statue.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Otto Skowranek. Olga Desmond, c. 1908. 09.png
- **caption**: Olga Desmond in 1908
- **name**: Olga Desmond
- **birth place**: Olsztyn, Allenstein, East Prussia, German Empire
- **birth name**: Olga Antonie Sellin
- **death place**: East Berlin, Berlin, East Germany
- **yearsactive**: 1906–1922
Sirhind

**Sirhind**  is a town in the Fatehgarh Sahib district of Punjab, India. It is also a municipal council.

## History

Sirhind, now known as Fatehgarh Sahib, is a historic town in Punjab, India. It's situated on the Grand Trunk Road, between Ludhiana and Ambala. The town has a rich history dating back to the 12th century and was once an important center of trade and commerce.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, Sirhind was a key location in the conflicts between the Mughal Empire, the Sikhs, and the Afghans. The town was occupied by various rulers, including the Mughals, the Sikhs, and the Afghans.,

One of the most significant events in Sirhind's history was the martyrdom of Guru Gobind Singh's two younger sons, aged 9 and 7, who were executed by the Mughal governor, Wazir Khan, in 1705. This event led to a long-standing feud between the Sikhs and the Mughals.,

In 1710, the Sikhs, led by Banda Singh Bahadur, attacked Sirhind and killed Wazir Khan. The town was later occupied by the Afghans and then by the Sikhs again. In 1764, the Dal Khalsa, a Sikh army, defeated the Mughal governor, Zain Khan, and occupied Sirhind.

Today, Sirhind is a thriving town with several historic monuments, including the Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib, which commemorates the martyrdom of Guru Gobind Singh's sons. The town also has a mausoleum of Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi, a famous Sufi saint.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sirhind
- **settlement type**: Town
- **pushpin map**: India Punjab#India
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Punjab, India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision name1**: Punjab, India, Punjab
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name2**: Fatehgarh Sahib district, Fatehgarh Sahib
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population total**: 60852
- **population as of**: 2013
- **population density km2**: auto
- **demographics type1**: Languages
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Punjabi language, Punjabi
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **registration plate**: PB-23
- **footnotes**: [http://punjabgovt.nic.in/tourism/FatehgarhSahib.htm]