juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sudoku

(sometimes spelled as **Su Doku**, but also called ***Number Place*** or ***Nanpure***) is a puzzle that is very popular in Japan. It was created in Indianapolis in 1979 by Howard Garns and it appeared in Dell Magazines afterwards.

Sudoku puzzles are solved by logic and no math is required. As seen on the right, it consists of a grid which is usually made up of nine rows, nine columns, and nine boxes that are separated by thicker, darker lines. Some of these boxes will contain numerals from 1 to 9. To solve the puzzle, a person must fill in all the empty squares without using the same numeral twice in each column, row, or box, and without changing the numerals that are already in the grid.

These puzzles were created to be done using pencil and paper, and there are many books that contain collections of these puzzles with tips and strategies for completing them. They also appear in newspapers and magazines: typically, a different puzzle appears every day and the solution is printed somewhere else or in the next issue. Later, small handheld machines were created that generate Sudoku puzzles for the user to solve. More recently, though, the game can be played on the Internet or on mobile apps.

## Variations

There are many Sudoku variations that have been created since the original Sudoku's release.  The grid is most often 9 by 9, but can be different sizes, though, and separated into smaller grids in different ways. For example, there is a 6 by 6 grid with dark lines between the third and fourth columns and between two pairs of rows: the second and third rows, and the fourth and fifth rows. The numerals that must be filled in here are from 1 to 6.

Because no arithmetic is needed to solve Sudoku puzzles, the numerals can be replaced with letters or symbols. It is only their position that changes the solution to the puzzle, not their value.

On educational websites, such as Math Playground there are Sudoku games, such as 3-d Sudoku.

### Jigsaw Sudoku

Jigsaw Sudoku (also called Squiggly Sudoku, Odd Sudoku or JigSaw Doku) is just like a regular Sudoku puzzle, except that instead of the lines being perfect, they are different. Like regular Sudoku puzzles, you have to complete the grid.

### Samurai Sudoku

Samurai Sudoku is a Sudoku variation that has 5 overlapping Sudoku grids formed like a big X.  These puzzles are big and take a long time to complete.  Like regular Sudoku puzzles, you have to complete all 5 grids in order to complete the puzzle.

### Mini Sudoku

Mini Sudoku is played on a 6x6 grid with 3x2 regions. The object is the same as in Sudoku, but the puzzle only uses the numbers 1 through 6.

### Logic 5

Logic 5 is another Sudoku variation that uses 5x5 grids instead of 3x3 grids, and are in use at the Sudoku World Championships.

## Other websites

- – An active listing of _Sudoku_ links.
- Father of Sudoku puzzles next move BBC
Qatar Airways

**Qatar Airways** () is an airline. The airline is based in Doha, the capital city of Qatar. Its headquarters can be found at the Hamad International Airport in Doha. It is one of the fastest growing airlines in the world.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Qatar Airways
- **image**: Qatar Airways logo.svg
- **image size**: 250
- **iata**: QR
- **icao**: QTR
- **callsign**: QATARI
- **founded**: 22 November 1993
- **commenced**: 20 January 1994
- **hubs**: Hamad International Airport
- **frequent flyer**: Qatar Airways Privilege Club
- **fleet size**: 234
- **destinations**: 173
- **parent**: Qatar, Government of Qatar
- **num employees**: 50,110
George Reid

**Sir George Houston Reid** (25 February 1845 – 12 September 1918) was the fourth Prime Minister of Australia. He was the first Leader of the Opposition and leader of Free Trade Party. He moved to London after he retired and was elected to the House of Commons.

Reid was elected to the Australian Paliament in 1901 for the Division of East Sydney. He retired in 1910.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Rt.Hon Sir
- **name**: George Reid
- **image**: George Reid.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **caption**: Sir George Reid
- **order**: 4th
- **office**: Prime Minister of Australia
- **term start**: 18 August 1904
- **term end**: 5 July 1905
- **predecessor**: Chris Watson
- **successor**: Alfred Deakin
- **constituency**: Division of East Sydney, East Sydney (New South Wales)
- **order2**: 12th
- **office2**: Premier of New South Wales
- **term start2**: 3 August 1894
- **term end2**: 3 September 1899
- **predecessor2**: George Dibbs
- **successor2**: William Lyne, Sir William Lyne
- **birth place**: Renfrewshire, Scotland
- **party**: Free Trade Party, Free Trade/Anti-Socialist
Spider Riders

***Spider Riders*** is an  animated television series based on a trilogy novel series. It premiered on June 17, 2006, and was produced by Cookie Jar Entertainment and Bee Train.

## Synopsis

After wearing a manacle on his arm, Hunter Steele ends up entering the center of the Earth and seeing the inner world of _Arachna_. There, he and his friends ride on mechanical spiders and save Arachna from an army of insect mutants.

## Novels

The anime is based on each characters and stories in three parts for each books, including _Shards of the Oracle_, _Reign of the Soul Eater_ and _Quest of the Earthen_. The first book was written by Ted Anasti and Patsy Cameron-Anasti. Stephen D. Sullivan joined them and helped write the second and third books in the series. The books were first published in December 2004. They were published by Newmarket Press.

## Infobox (television)

- **country**: Canada
Japan
- **language**: English
Japanese
- **network**: Canada: Teletoon
Japan: TV Tokyo
 Kids Station
- **num episodes**: 52
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
Motherboard

The **motherboard,** also known as a **mainboard**, is the main circuit board in any electronic system. It's what holds together all the components needed for an electronic system to function. Although there may be other circuit boards attached to the motherboard, the motherboard is the largest.

## Name origin

The word was first used in 1965 in the magazine Electronics. The term was chosen to show both the physical size and importance of the board, being the "mother of all boards" in a computer system.

## Composition

The painted, base material of a motherboard is composed of fiberglass yarn strands that have been woven together and coated with a liquid resin and set to dry. This combination of woven fiberglass and resin is sent through an oven at a high temperature. When it comes out, it hardens and becomes stronger than it was before. The finished material, called pre-preg, is layered together and then painted, typically green. It forms the base material of the motherboard. It acts as an electrical insulator and holds everything in place.

Copper is used to form the communication pathways that connect all the different parts on the motherboard. It is used because of its excellent ability to conduct electricity.

“On-board” is a term used to refer to anything that is permanently embedded onto the motherboard. Electrical parts are soldered onto the motherboard. These parts include transistors and resistors. Other parts that are attached to the motherboard are able to be removed in the future so that they can be upgraded. The CPU is an example of a part that is usually removable.

Parts that are not "on-board" can be bought as a card. Some of these parts include RAM and CPU. Computers today usually have a memory port, 2 or more USB ports, a parallel port (for use with old printers usually), audio & microphone jacks, a network port and ports for the keyboard and mouse. There are also some rare motherboards that have plugs only for very specific parts.

All of the slots and plugs both inside and outside the computer case are shaped a certain way to accept a certain type of part. Some will not even accept parts even one generation behind, such as the CPU and memory. Others, like the video plug, have not changed in years. Some of the plugs, such as the video, keyboard and mouse plugs, are a special color. These colors make it easier to pair the plug to the port. The motherboard may also be referred to as a printed circuit board (PCB), though it is essentially a gigantic PCB and can be considered the 'primary' PCB.
High-definition television

**High-definition television (HDTV)** is a television broadcasting system which uses a higher resolution than a normal television. With HDTV, people can see sharper pictures than with old television, giving a more vivid and clear screen.

Most HDTV systems use digital signals with a 16:9 aspect ratio (width to height). This is different to SDTV (standard-definition television) which uses analog signals and a 4:3 aspect ratio.

HDTV picture resolution is at least twice that of the SDTV of the 20th century, so it can present a more vivid screen than analog television or DVD. HDTV can control resolution efficiently.

Many videos on the website YouTube, a free video sharing app that lets people upload and view videos, are in 1080p60 HDR and 1440p60 HDR.

There are different standards. Common ones are:
- 2560×1440, progressive scan, requiring about 3,68 Megapixels per frame. This is known as **1440p** or _WQHD_. It became commonplace in the 2010s. It is slowly replacing many 1080p-computer-monitors in the everyday use and is a YouTube HD standard.
- 1920×1080, progressive scan, requiring about 2,07 MPixels per frame. This is known as **1080p**. It has been used very frequently for different types of screens in the 21st century and is a TV broadcasting standard.

As a comparison, PAL+ is at 1024x576 pixels, and NTSC at 853x480 pixels.

## Other websites

- US Government HDTV and DTV official site
- Canadian Digital Television official website
- ATSC
Napoleon Dynamite

- _For the television series based on the film, see Napoleon Dynamite (TV series)._
***Napoleon Dynamite*** is a 2004 American comedy movie by John Hess and starring Jon Heder.

## Story

Napoleon is an unusual school teenager who lives in Preston, Idaho. He does not have a good home life. Napoleon lives with his older brother Kip and their grandmother. Napoleon’s grandmother goes to see some friends. Napoleon and Kip are left to stay with their uncle Rico. One day Napoleon meets Pedro. They become good friends. Pedro runs for school president. Pedro has to compete with the most popular girl in school, Summer Wheatly, to win the school vote. Napoleon meets a girl named Deb who he begins to like. Deb, Napoleon and Pedro keep working for Pedro to beat Summer Wheatly for president. Napoleon dances in a skit at the announcing of the president for Pedro. Kip gets married and Pedro becomes school president. Napoleon and Deb live a happy life together.

## Main Characters

|Actor|Character|
| --- | --- |
|Jon Heder|Napoleon Dynamite|
|Jon Gries|Uncle Rico|
|Efren Ramirez|Pedro Sanchez|
|Aaron Ruell|Kip|
|Diedrich Bader|Rex|
|Tina Majorino|Deb|
|Sandy Martin|Grandma|
|Haylie Duff|Summer Wheatly|

## Other websites

- Fox Searchlight: Napoleon Dynamite
- Official Napoleon Dynamite Fan Club
- Filming Locations
Monster (movie)

***Monster*** is a 2003 American crime drama movie. It is a true story about female American serial killer Aileen Wuornos. Wuornos is played by Charlize Theron. She received an Academy Award for her role. The movie also features Christina Ricci as Wuornos' girlfriend. The movie was directed by first time director Patty Jenkins.
Andrew Fisher

**Andrew Fisher** (29 August 1862 – 22 October 1928) was the fifth Prime Minister of Australia. He was Prime Minister three times. His government helped create the Royal Australian Navy and make Australia's own paper money. When he retired he moved to London.

Fisher was born in Crosshouse, Scotland, where he was educated at the Crosshouse Primary School. At the age of 10 he left school to work in the coal mines. In 1885, he moved to Australia where he worked in the coal mines at Burrum and Gympie. He was elected to the Queensland Parliament in 1892. In 1901 he married Margaret Irvine. Fisher was elected in 1901 to the seat of Wide Bay in the first Australian parliament.

When Fisher was Prime Minister a number of important projects were undertaken. The Commonwealth Bank was set up, the Northern Territory of South Australia was transferred to the Commonwealth, the federal capital of Canberra was founded, and the construction of the trans-Australian railway line linking Perth to the other capital cities was begun. As well as introducing maternity allowances, Fisher acknowledged the need for greater political equality for women.

Andrew Fisher is one of Australia's most successful prime ministers because of the changes he made. He was the first prime minister to have a majority in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. He was able to have more than 110 Acts passed into law.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rt Hon Andrew Fisher
- **image**: Andrew Fisher.jpg
- **order**: 5th Prime Minister of Australia
- **term start**: 13 November 1908
- **term end**: 2 June 1909
29 April 1910 – 24 June 1913
17 September 1914 – 27 October 1915
- **predecessor**: Alfred Deakin
Joseph Cook
- **successor**: Alfred Deakin
Joseph Cook
Billy Hughes
- **birth place**: Crosshouse, Scotland
- **party**: Australian Labor Party, Labor
- **constituency**: Division of Wide Bay, Wide Bay (Queensland)
David Schwimmer

**David Lawrence Schwimmer** (born November 2, 1966) is an American actor. He played Ross Geller, one of the six main characters in the television sitcom _Friends_.

## Early life

Schwimmer was born in Flushing, Queens, New York, to Arthur Schwimmer and Arlene Colman. He then lived in Valley Stream, Long Island, until he was two years old. He was raised in Los Angeles, California, where he attended Beverly Hills High School.

He attended Northwestern University’s summer “Cherub” program (the National High School Institute) in 1983. He later enrolled at the university as a theater student. In 1988, along with seven other Northwestern graduates, he co-founded Chicago's Lookingglass Theatre Company.

## Personal life

Schwimmer married Zoe Buckman in June 2010. He has a daughter Cleo Buckman Schwimmer. He lives in Los Angeles, California and New York City, New York.

## Filmography

|Year|Title|Role|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1991|_Flight of the Intruder_|Duty Officer|Film debut||
|1992|_Crossing the Bridge_|John Anderson|||
|rowspan="4"|1993|_Cannibal! The Musical_|Frank Miller||
|_Twenty Bucks_|Neil Campbell||||
|_The Pitch_|Vinnie|Short film|||
|_The Waiter_|Evil Waiter|Short film|||
|1994|_Wolf_|Cop|||
|1994-2004|_Friends_|Ross Geller|TV series||
|1995|_The Party Favor_|Unknown|Short film||
|1996|_The Pallbearer_|Tom Thompson|||
|rowspan="4"|1998|_Kissing a Fool_|Max Abbitt|Also executive producer|
|_Six Days Seven Nights_|Frank Martin||||
|_Apt Pupil_|Edward French||||
|_The Thin Pink Line_|Kelly Goodish/J.T.||||
|1999|_All the Rage_|Chris|||
|rowspan="2"|2000|_Love & Sex_|Jehovah's Witness|Uncredited|
|_Picking Up the Pieces_|Father Leo Jerome||||
|2001|_Hotel_|Jonathan Danderfine|||
|2003|_Great Family_|Tony Adams|||
|rowspan="2"|2005|_Duane Hopwood_|Duane Hopwood||
|_Madagascar_|Melman (voice)||||
|2006|_Big Nothing_|Charlie|||
|2007|_Run, Fatboy, Run_|Man Holding Dennis a Beer During Race|Uncredited||
|rowspan="2"|2008|_Nothing But the Truth_|Ray Armstrong||
|_Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa_|Melman (voice)||||
|rowspan="3"|2012|_John Carter_|Young Thark Warrior||
|_Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted_|Melman (voice)||||
|_The Iceman_|Josh Rosenthal||||
|2013|_Madly Madagascar_|Melman (voice)|Short film||
|2019|_The Laundromat_|Matthew Quirk|||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: David Schwimmmer
- **image**: DavidSchwimmer10TIFF.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Schwimmer in 2010
- **birth name**: David Lawrence Schwimmer
- **birth place**: Queens, New York (state), New York, United States of America, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **years active**: 1988 – present
- **children**: 1
- **alma mater**: Northwestern University
- **education**: Beverly Hills High School
- **notable works**: **Friends, Ross Geller** in _Friends_
Plutonium

**Plutonium** is the chemical element with the atomic number 94 and chemical symbol **Pu**.  It is a highly radioactive metal, and is the metal used in most nuclear weapons.  The chemical element plutonium has some different isotopes.  The most important isotope of plutonium is <sup>239</sup>Pu (or plutonium-239). It takes 24,110 years for half of a sample of plutonium-239 to decay, which is called its half-life. It can be made from natural uranium.  It is fissile and a nuclear fuel.

The isotope that has the longest half-life is <sup>244</sup>Pu (or plutonium-244). Plutonium-244 has a half-life of about 80 million years. The half-life of <sup>244</sup>Pu is long enough that some of this isotope of plutonium is found in very small amounts in nature.
Plutonium-238 is used in Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators.

Like other transuranium elements, plutonium can react with water, oxygen, carbon, halogens, nitrogen, and silicon. It forms oxides and hydrides in moist air, causing the plutonium sample to expand by up to 70%. Plutonium from the expanding sample can flake off and catch fire at room temperature. Plutonium is also toxic, although it is less toxic than many people think. The reactivity and toxicity of plutonium make it difficult to handle.

It is a solid, at 25 degrees Celsius (77 °F) at standard atmosphere (a pressure). Fresh plutonium has a silvery bright colour but takes on a dull grey, yellow or olive green tarnish when exposed to air.

## List of isotopes

- <sup>238</sup>Pu. The countries that produce the most (as of 2021), are the United States and Russia.
- <sup>239</sup>Pu
- <sup>240</sup>Pu
- <sup>241</sup>Pu
- <sup>242</sup>Pu
- <sup>244</sup>Pu
Superman Returns (video game)

***Superman Returns*** is a video game  based on the movie _Superman Returns_. It is available for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS and Game Boy Advance consoles.

Some video game websites said this game would come out for computers (PC), but Electronic Arts chose not to make a PC version of this game. There was going to be a Gamecube version, but it was cancelled because of a 2006 contract with Major League Baseball as well as to avoid competition with two other movie-licensed games (_Charlotte's Web_ and _Dreamgirls_).
Malay

**Malay** has several meanings:

## People and language

- Malays, ethnic group located mainly in the Malay peninsula, and parts of Sumatra and Borneo
- Malay language, the language of the Malays; spoken in Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei
    - Malaysian language, the official form of the Malay language in Malaysia
    - Indonesian language, the official form of the Malay language in Indonesia
    - Old Malay language(s), possible ancestor(s) of the Malay language
- Malay race, a mostly historical racial category corresponding to the Austronesian peoples

## Geography

- Malay Peninsula, a peninsula in Southeast Asia
- Malay Archipelago, the group of islands located between mainland Southeast Asia and Australia
- Several _communes_ in France:
    - Malay, Saône-et-Loire, in the Saône-et-Loire _département_
    - Malay-le-Grand, in the Yonne _département_
    - Malay-le-Petit, in the Yonne _département_

## Politics and history

- Malaysia, the modern country
- Malay states, the nine states of Malaysia that have hereditary rulers
- Melayu Kingdom, a kingdom in Indonesia that was part of the Srivijaya empire

## Animals

- Malayan tiger, a subspecies of tiger
- Malayan tapir, a subspecies of tapir
- Malayan gharial, a species of reptile

## Related pages

- Malaya (disambiguation)
Boron

**Boron** is a chemical element. It has the chemical symbol **B**. It has the atomic number 5. It is a metalloid (it has properties of a metal and a non-metal). Much boron is found in chemical compounds in its ore borax. Boron is never found free in nature.

Two types of boron are found (allotropes). Amorphous boron is a brown powder and metallic (crystalline) boron is black and hard and a weak conductor at room temperature. Boron is the 5th element in the periodic table and is part of the Earth's surface.
Pure boron is used as a dopant (a substance added to semiconductors to change how it behaves with electricity) in the semiconductor industry. Chemical compounds of boron are important as to make strong materials not weigh very much, as nontoxic insecticides and preservatives, and for chemical synthesis.

Plants need boron in them to live. Very small amounts of boron are needed in animal's bodies so that they are very healthy. How it keeps animals healthy is not known in detail.

Boron was discovered by Sir Humphry Davy, an English chemist, in 1808.

Boron melts at 2075 °C (3767 °F), and boils at 4000 °C (7232 °F).

## Infobox (boron)
Fireplace

A **fireplace** is a brick or metal structure used to hold a fire. Fireplaces are most often used for heating but they can also be used for cooking. The part of the fireplace that holds the fire is called a _firebox_ or a _firepit_. There is a chimney or flue above the firebox that lets the smoke from the fire go outside.

Until the early 1900s, most homes had one or more fireplaces as a source of heat for the residents of the house. In the mid-1900s, gas, oil, and electric heaters became more common and fireplaces were used less often as a source of heat. In the late 1900s, fireplaces were less commonly built in new houses.

## Other websites

- Fireplace -Citizendium
Dubnium

**Dubnium** is a chemical element. It has the symbol **Db** and it has the atomic number 105. It is a very radioactive element that does not exist in nature. It has to be made in a lab. It is a transuranium element created by bombarding californium-249 with nitrogen-15 nuclei. The isotope that has the longest half-life only has a half life of 32 hours. Dubnium is a transactinide element.

## History

The Soviet Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) had said they first discovered the element in 1968, followed by the American Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in 1970. Both teams shared their names for the new element and used them without formal approval. The long-standing argument was settled in 1993 by an official investigation of the discovery claims by the Transfermium Working Group, formed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, resulting in credit for the discovery being officially shared between both teams. The element was then named _dubnium_ in 1997 after the town of Dubna, the site of the JINR.

## Uses

There are no current uses for Dubnium seeing as its too radioactive and ts short half life makes it almost impossible to work with.

## Chemistry

Hypothesized research says that dubnium is a member of group 5 in the 6d series of transition metals, placing it under vanadium, niobium, and tantalum. Dubnium should share most properties, such as its valence electron configuration and having a mainly +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few exceptions due to relativistic effects. Limited research of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have shown that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends.
Upland, California

**Upland** is a city in San Bernardino County, California. As of the 2020 census, 79,040 people lived in Upland. It became a city on May 15, 1906, after previously being named North Ontario and a part of Ontario.

Upland used to be famous for skateboarding because of its skate park, The Pipeline, but the park was demolished in the 1980s.

The rapper Litefoot was born in Upland.
Neuchâtel

**Neuchâtel** is a city in Switzerland. It is the capital of Canton of Neuchâtel. As of 2003, the city had a population of 31,571 people. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Corcelles-Cormondrèche, Peseux and Valangin merged to form the municipality of Neuchâtel.

## Other websites

- City of Neuchâtel official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Neuchâtel
- **municipality name**: Neuchâtel
- **municipality type**: city
- **imagepath flag**: Neuchâtel-Commune.svg
- **imagepath coa**: Neuchatel city coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Neuchâtel.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Neuchâtel
- **iso-code-region**: CH-NE
- **district**: Neuchâtel (district), Neuchâtel
- **postal code**: 2000
- **municipality code**: 6458
- **area**: 18.05
- **elevation**: 430
- **population**: 31571
- **populationof**: December 2003
- **popofyear**: 2003
- **website**: www.neuchatelville.ch
- **mayor**: Antoine Grandjean
- **neighboring municipalities**: Auvernier, Boudry, Chabrey (VD), Colombier, Neuchâtel, Colombier, Cressier, Neuchâtel, Cressier, Cudrefin (VD), Delley-Portalban (FR), Enges, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Hauterive, Neuchâtel, Hauterive, Peseux, Switzerland, Peseux, Saint-Blaise, Switzerland, Saint-Blaise, Savagnier, Valangin
- **twintowns**: Aarau (Switzerland), Besançon (France), Sansepolcro (Italy)
70s

## Events

- Year 78 – the beginning of the Saka Era South Asian calendar system.
- Year 79 – Mount Vesuvius erupted, destroying Pompeii and Herculaneam.
- Didache written.

## Deaths

- Pliny the Elder.
The Silence of the Lambs (movie)

***The Silence of the Lambs*** is a 1991 American crime horror thriller movie. It was directed by Jonathan Demme. It stars Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins.  It is based on the novel by Thomas Harris. The movie is about psychopathic psychiatrist and cannibal Dr. Hannibal Lecter and FBI agent Clarice Starling. The movie was released in 1991.

## Background

In the movie, Clarice Starling, a young FBI worker, is sent to see the Dr. Lecter in prison to ask his advice on catching a serial killer called Buffalo Bill. Buffalo Bill has been kidnapping women and killing them.

When the movie was being made, the FBI helped with the making of the movie. They used the movie to try to have more women join the FBI.

## Awards

Jonathan Demme won an Academy Award for Best Director. Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins both won Academy Awards. The movie also won Oscars for Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Picture. It became the third and most recent movie (the other two being 1934's _It Happened One Night_ and 1975's _One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest_) to win Academy Awards in all the major five categories: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Adapted Screenplay. It is also the only horror movie to have won the Oscar for Best Picture.

Hopkins' performance as Lecter is one of the shortest lead acting Oscar-winning performances ever. Hopkins is only on screen for seventeen minutes in the movie.

## Related pages

- The Top 100 Crime Novels of All Time

## Other websites

- The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo
- Criterion Collection essay by Amy Taubin

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Silence of the Lambs
- **director**: Jonathan Demme
- **screenplay**: Ted Tally
- **music**: Howard Shore
- **cinematography**: Tak Fujimoto
- **editing**: Craig McKay (movie editor), Craig McKay
- **studio**: Strong Heart Productions
- **distributor**: Orion Pictures
- **runtime**: 118 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $19 million
- **gross**: $272.7 million
Ammerland

**Ammerland** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Oldenburg and the districts of Oldenburg, Cloppenburg, Leer, Friesland and Wesermarsch.

## Geography

The central point of the district is the Zwischenahner Meer near the resort town of Bad Zwischenahn, a lake with an area of 5.5 km<sup>2</sup> (_Meer_ is the German word for "sea", but in the local Low German, as in Dutch, it means "lake").

## Cities and municipalities

|Cities|Municipalities|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Westerstede||#Apen #Bad Zwischenahn #Edewecht #Rastede #Wiefelstede|

## Other websites

- Parklandschaft Ammerland Tourism website
- Führs & Fröhling Website

## Infobox (district de)

- **image skyline**: Oldenburg nach Bad Zwischenahn Landesgartenschau 29.JPG
- **name**: Ammerland
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Westerstede
- **area**: 728
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03451
- **population**: 110,000
- **population as of**: 2000
- **density**: 151
- **carsign**: WST
- **url**: [http://www.ammerland.de ammerland.de]
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Ammerland.svg
- **image flag**: File:Flagge Landkreis Ammerland.svg
Aurich (district)

**Aurich** is a district (_Landkreis_) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the North Sea, the districts of Wittmund and Leer, and the city of Emden.

## Cities and municipalities

|align=left width=25%|Cities|align=left width=25%|Free municipalities|colspan=2 align=center width=50%|Samtgemeinden|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Aurich #Norden #Norderney #Wiesmoor||#Baltrum #Dornum #Großefehn #Großheide #Hinte #Ihlow #Juist #Krummhörn #Südbrookmerland||**1. Brookmerland** # Leezdorf # Marienhafe<sup>1</sup> # Osteel # Rechtsupweg # Upgant-Schott # Wirdum||**2. Hage** # Berumbur # Hage<sup>1</sup> # Hagermarsch # Halbemond # Lütetsburg|
|||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde||||||

## Other websites

- Island of Norderney
- Island of Juist
- Island of Baltrum

## Infobox (district de)

- **image skyline**: Juist, Bahnhofstraße -- 2014 -- 3684-8.jpg
- **image caption**: Juist, Bahnhofstraße a municipality in Aurich
- **name**: Aurich
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Aurich
- **area**: 1287
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03452
- **population**: 190.066
- **population as of**: 2002
- **density**: 146
- **carsign**: AUR, NOR
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Aurich COA.svg
- **image flag**: File:Flagge Landkreis Aurich.svg
Bentheim

**Bentheim** may be:

## Places

- County of Bentheim, a state of the Holy Roman Empire from _ca._ 1228 to 1806, in present-day Lower Saxony, Germany, roughly the same area as the modern County of Bentheim district
- County of Bentheim (district), a district (_Landkreis_) in Lower Saxony, Germany
- Bentheim Castle (_Burg Bentheim_), an early medieval castle in Bad Bentheim, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Bad Bentheim, a town in Lower Saxony, Germany in the district of Grafschaft Bentheim known as Bentheim until 1979
- Bentheim, a community in Overisel Township, Michigan, United States

## Animals

- Bentheimer Landschaf, a breed of domesticated sheep found in Germany
- Bentheim Black Pied pig, a breed of domestic pig found in Germany

## Art

- _Bentheim Castle_ (Dublin), a 1653 oil on canvas painting by the Dutch painter Jacob van Ruisdael
Celle (district)

**Celle** () is a district (_Landkreis_) in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Towns and municipalities

|align=left width=33%|Towns|colspan=2 align=center width=67%|Collective municipalities (_Samtgemeinden_)|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Bergen #Celle **Free municipalities** #Eschede #Faßberg #Hambühren #Südheide #Wietze #Winsen Unincorporated area #Lohheide||* **1. Flotwedel** # Bröckel # Eicklingen # Langlingen # Wienhausen<sup>1</sup>||* **2. Lachendorf** # Ahnsbeck # Beedenbostel # Eldingen # Hohne # Lachendorf<sup>1</sup> * **3. Wathlingen** # Adelheidsdorf # Nienhagen # Wathlingen<sup>1</sup>|
||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde|||||

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Celle
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Celle
- **area**: 1554
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03351
- **population**: 178,300
- **population as of**: 2001
- **density**: 115
- **carsign**: CE
- **url**: [http://www.landkreis-celle.de landkreis-celle.de]
- **landrat**: Klaus Wiswe
- **party**: CDU
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Celle.svg
- **image flag**: Flagge Landkreis Celle.svg
Cloppenburg (district)

**Cloppenburg** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Towns and municipalities

|Towns|Municipalities||
| --- | --- | --- |
|# Cloppenburg # Friesoythe # Löningen|# Barßel # Bösel # Cappeln # Emstek # Essen|<ol start=6> <li>Garrel <li>Lastrup <li>Lindern <li>Molbergen <li>Saterland </ol>|

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Cloppenburg
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Cloppenburg
- **area**: 1418
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03453
- **population**: 154,559
- **population as of**: 2004
- **density**: 109
- **carsign**: CLP
- **url**: [http://www.lkclp.de lkclp.de]
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Cloppenburg COA.svg
- **image flag**: Flagge Landkreis Cloppenburg.svg
Cuxhaven (district)

**Cuxhaven** is a district (_Landkreis_) in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Towns and municipalities

|align=left width=25%|Towns|colspan=2 align=center width=75%|Samtgemeinden|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Cuxhaven #Geestland **Free municipalities** #Beverstedt #Hagen im Bremischen #Loxstedt #Schiffdorf #Wurster Nordseeküste||**1. Börde Lamstedt** # Armstorf # Hollnseth # Lamstedt<sup>1</sup> # Mittelstenahe # Stinstedt **2. Hemmoor** # Hechthausen # Hemmoor<sup>1, 2</sup> # Osten||**3. Land Hadeln** # Belum # Bülkau # Cadenberge # Ihlienworth # Neuenkirchen # Neuhaus (Oste) # Nordleda # Oberndorf # Odisheim # Osterbruch # Otterndorf<sup>1, 2</sup> # Steinau # Wanna # Wingst|
||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde; <sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Other websites

- Official website
- Cuxland tourist website

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Cuxhaven
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Cuxhaven
- **area**: 2057.78
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03352
- **population**: 196,607
- **population as of**: 2013
- **density**: 96
- **carsign**: CUX
- **url**: [http://www.landkreis-cuxhaven.de landkreis-cuxhaven.de]
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Cuxhaven 2018.svg
- **image flag**: Flagge Landkreis Cuxhaven.svg
Diepholz (district)

**Diepholz** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Cities and municipalities

|align=left width=25%|Towns|colspan=3 align=center width=75%|Samtgemeinden|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Bassum #Diepholz #Sulingen #Syke #Twistringen **Free municipalities** #Stuhr #Wagenfeld #Weyhe||***1. Altes Amt Lemförde** # Brockum # Hüde # Lembruch # Lemförde<sup>1</sup> # Marl # Quernheim # Stemshorn ***2. Barnstorf** # Barnstorf<sup>1</sup> # Drebber # Drentwede # Eydelstedt ***3. Bruchhausen-Vilsen** # Asendorf # Bruchhausen-Vilsen<sup>1</sup> # Martfeld # Schwarme # Süstedt||***4. Kirchdorf** # Bahrenborstel # Barenburg # Freistatt # Kirchdorf<sup>1</sup> # Varrel # Wehrbleck ***5. Rehden** # Barver # Dickel # Hemsloh # Rehden<sup>1</sup> # Wetschen||***6. Schwaförden** # Affinghausen # Ehrenburg # Neuenkirchen # Scholen # Schwaförden<sup>1</sup> # Sudwalde ***7. Siedenburg** # Borstel # Maasen # Mellinghausen # Siedenburg<sup>1</sup> # Staffhorst|
||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde|||||||

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Diepholz
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Diepholz
- **area**: 1987
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03251
- **population**: 211,200
- **population as of**: 2000
- **density**: 106
- **carsign**: DH
- **url**: [http://www.diepholz.de diepholz.de]
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Diepholz COA.svg
Emsland

**Emsland** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is named after the river Ems.

## Cities and municipalities

(Population 2005)

**Free municipalities and towns**
1. **Emsbüren** (9,749)
1. **Geeste** (11,279)
1. **Haren**, town (22,754)
1. **Haselünne**, town (12,549)
1. **Lingen**, town (51,318)
1. **Meppen**, town (34,196)
1. **Papenburg**, town (34,519)
1. **Rhede** (4,228)
1. **Salzbergen** (7,436)
1. **Twist** (9,640)

**Samtgemeinden**
<ol start=11>
<li value=11>**Dörpen** (15,446)</li>
<li>**Freren** (10,834)</li>
<li>**Herzlake** (9,821)</li>
<li>**Lathen** (10,815)</li>
<li>**Lengerich** (9,083)</li>
<li>**Nordhümmling** (12,149)</li>
<li>**Sögel** (15,484)</li>
<li>**Spelle** (12,653)</li>
<li>**Werlte** (15,660)</li>
</ol>

|valign=top|**Dörpen** # Dersum # Dörpen<sup>1</sup> # Heede # Kluse # Lehe # Neubörger # Neulehe # Walchum # Wippingen **Freren** # Andervenne # Beesten # Freren<sup>1, 2</sup> # Messingen # Thuine **Herzlake** # Dohren # Herzlake<sup>1</sup> # Lähden|valign=top|**Lathen** # Fresenburg # Lathen<sup>1</sup> # Niederlangen # Oberlangen # Renkenberge # Sustrum **Lengerich** # Bawinkel # Gersten # Handrup # Langen # Lengerich<sup>1</sup> # Wettrup **Nordhümmling** # Bockhorst # Breddenberg # Esterwegen<sup>1</sup> # Hilkenbrook # Surwold|valign=top|**Sögel** # Börger # Groß Berßen # Hüven # Klein Berßen # Sögel<sup>1</sup> # Spahnharrenstätte # Stavern # Werpeloh **Spelle** # Lünne # Schapen # Spelle<sup>1</sup> **Werlte** # Lahn # Lorup # Rastdorf # Vrees # Werlte<sup>1, 2</sup>|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde; <sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Emsland
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Meppen (Germany), Meppen
- **area**: 2,881
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03454
- **carsign**: EL
- **url**: http://www.emsland.de
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Emsland COA.svg
Friesland (district)

**Friesland** is a district (_Landkreis_) in Lower Saxony, Germany.

In the east the district is bounded by the Jade Bight, a shallow bay of the North Sea. The island of Wangerooge, one of the East Frisian Islands, is a part of Friesland.

## Cities and municipalities

|align=left width=50%|Cities|align=left width=50%|Municipalities|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Jever #Schortens #Varel||#Bockhorn #Sande #Haddien #Hooksiel #Hohenkirchen #Horum #Houmersiel #Minsen #Oldorf #Schillig #Waddewarden #Wiarden #Wangerooge #Zetel|

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Friesland
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Jever
- **area**: 608
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03455
- **carsign**: FRI
- **url**: [http://www.friesland.de friesland.de]
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Friesland COA.svg
- **image flag**: Landkreis Friesland flag.svg
Gifhorn (district)

**Gifhorn** is a Landkreis (district) in Germany in the state of Lower Saxony. It has about 175.000 inhabitants. Gifhorn is located in the north of Braunschweig.

## Towns and sub-administrations

In the district of Gifhorn there are 41 local communities.(numbers of inhabitants from the 30th June, 2005).

**Communities**
1. ** Gifhorn**, Town, autonomous community  (42.658)
1. ** Sassenburg** (10.946) Seat: Westerbeck
1. ** [Wittingen**, Town (12.268)

**Samtgemeinden** with their local communities

Seat of Samtgemeinde government

**Area without community** (uninhabited)
- Giebel (10,36 km²)
Göttingen (district)

**Göttingen** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany.

The western half of the district is covered by the Weserbergland mountains.

## Towns and municipalities

|align=left width=25%|Towns|colspan=3 align=center width=75%|Samtgemeinden|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Bad Grund #Bad Lauterberg #Bad Sachsa #Duderstadt #Göttingen #Hann. Münden #Herzberg am Harz #Osterode am Harz #Walkenried **Free municipalities** #Adelebsen #Bovenden #Friedland #Gleichen #Rosdorf #Staufenberg **Unincorporated area** * Harz (267.37 km², uninhabited)||***1. Dransfeld** # Bühren # Dransfeld<sup>1, 2</sup> # Jühnde # Niemetal # Scheden||***2. Gieboldehausen** # Bilshausen # Bodensee # Gieboldehausen<sup>1</sup> # Krebeck # Obernfeld # Rhumspringe # Rollshausen # Rüdershausen # Wollbrandshausen # Wollershausen||***3. Hattorf am Harz** # Elbingerode # Hattorf am Harz<sup>1</sup> # Hörden am Harz # Wulften am Harz||***4. Radolfshausen** # Ebergötzen<sup>1</sup> # Landolfshausen # Seeburg # Seulingen # Waake|
||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde; <sup>2</sup>town|||||||||

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Göttingen
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Göttingen
- **area**: 1753
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03159
- **population**: 329,538
- **population as of**: 2015
- **density**: 188
- **carsign**: GÖ, DUD, HMÜ, OHA
- **url**: [http://www.landkreis-goettingen.de landkreis-goettingen.de]
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Goettingen COA.svg
Goslar (district)

**Goslar** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. The Harz National Park is part of this district.

## Towns and municipalities

The following towns and municipalities are in Goslar:

|Towns|Free municipalities|Samtgemeinden|
| --- | --- | --- |
|#Bad Harzburg #Braunlage #Clausthal-Zellerfeld #Goslar #Langelsheim #Seesen|#Liebenburg|1. Lutter am Barenberge #Hahausen #Lutter am Barenberge<sup>1</sup> #Wallmoden|
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde; <sup>2</sup>town||

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Goslar
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Goslar
- **area**: 965.07
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03153
- **population**: 150,723
- **population as of**: 2006-06-30
- **density**: 156
- **carsign**: GS
- **url**: [http://www.landkreis-goslar.de/ www.landkreis-goslar.de]
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Goslar.svg
Harburg

**Harburg** may refer to:

## Locations

- Harburg, Hamburg, a borough of Hamburg
    - Harburg (quarter), the former Hanoveran city of Harburg upon Elbe, now quarter of Hamburg
- Harburg (district), Lower Saxony
- Harburg, Bavaria, a city in Bavaria
- Harburg-Wilhelmsburg, a Hanoveran city (1927–1937), now two quarters of Hamburg

## People

- Yip Harburg, US lyricist
Helmstedt (district)

**Helmstedt** is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Towns and municipalities

|align=left width=33%|Towns|colspan=2 align=center width=67%|Samtgemeinden|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||#Helmstedt #Königslutter #Schöningen **Free municipalities** #Lehre||***1. Grasleben** # Grasleben<sup>1</sup> # Mariental # Querenhorst # Rennau ***2. Heeseberg** # Beierstedt # Gevensleben # Jerxheim<sup>1</sup> # Söllingen||***3. Nord-Elm** # Frellstedt # Räbke # Süpplingen<sup>1</sup> # Süpplingenburg # Warberg # Wolsdorf ***4. Velpke** # Bahrdorf # Danndorf # Grafhorst # Groß Twülpstedt # Velpke<sup>1</sup>|
||<sup>1</sup>seat of the Samtgemeinde|||||

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Helmstedt
- **state**: Lower Saxony
- **capital**: Helmstedt
- **area**: 674
- **kreisschlüssel**: 03154
- **population**: 98,277
- **population as of**: 2005
- **density**: 146
- **carsign**: HE
- **url**: [http://www.helmstedt.de helmstedt.de]
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Helmstedt COA.svg
George Cleveland

**George Cleveland** was a Canadian actor. He was born on September 17, 1885 in Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada.  He was the Grandfather in the television series _Lassie_. He died July 15, 1957.
Othello

***The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice*** is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare around 1603. It was first performed on 1 November 1604 at Whitehall Palace in London. More recently, Othello was shown on Masterpiece Theater on PBS. The opera _Otello_ of Giuseppe Verdi is based on this play.

## Outline

At the start of the play Othello, a Moorish general in the army, promotes Cassio to lieutenant. Iago, his ensign, is angry and jealous, so he plots against Cassio by making him look bad and making Othello uncertain about keeping him as his lieutenant. Some of the things he does are to get him drunk and to start a fight with someone else from the army. Iago also tells Othello that his wife, Desdemona, is cheating on him with Cassio. Cassio is demoted and Iago is promoted to lieutenant. Othello kills Desdemona and is then told by Iago's wife, Emilia, that Iago plotted against him. He goes after Iago, and injures him but does not kill him. Othello then kills himself next to his wife after saying sorry to Cassio for what he has done.

## Characters of Othello

- Othello
- Iago
- Roderigo
- Montano
- Cassio
- Brabantio
- Desdemona
- Bianca
- Emilia
Commonwealth Games

The **Commonwealth Games** is a multinational, multi-sport event. Held every four years, it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. Attendance at the Commonwealth Games is typically around 5,000 athletes.

The idea for a competition between members of the British Empire was first suggested by the Reverend Astley Cooper in 1891. The first such event, then known as the **British Empire Games**, was held in 1930. The name changed to **British Empire and Commonwealth Games** in 1954, to **British Commonwealth Games** in 1970 and assumed the current name of the Commonwealth Games in 1978.

## Editions

The following cities have hosted the Commonwealth Games, and their predecessors

### British Empire Games

- 1930 British Empire Games - Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- 1934 British Empire Games - London, England
- 1938 British Empire Games - Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- 1950 British Empire Games - Auckland, New Zealand

### British Empire and Commonwealth Games

- 1954 - Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- 1958 - Cardiff, Wales
- 1962 - Perth, Australia
- 1966 - Kingston, Jamaica

### British Commonwealth Games

- 1970 - Edinburgh, Scotland
- 1974 - Christchurch, New Zealand

### Commonwealth Games

- 1978 - Edmonton, Canada
- 1982 - Brisbane, Australia
- 1986 - Edinburgh, Scotland
- 1990 - Auckland, New Zealand
- 1994 - Victoria, Canada
- 1998 - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- 2002 - Manchester, England
- 2006 - Melbourne, Australia
- 2010 - Delhi, India
- 2014 - Glasgow, Scotland
- 2018 - Gold Coast, Australia
- 2022 - Birmingham, England

## Related pages

- List of Commonwealth Games cities
Aly & AJ

**78violet** (formerly **Aly & AJ**) are an American music group. The members are Amanda Michalka and her sister, Alyson who is two years older.

## Members

- Alyson (nicknamed "Aly"): helps writing the music and songs. She is one of the two guitarists.
- Amanda (nicknamed "AJ"): helps writing the songs and constructing the music.

Aly & AJ lived in Seattle, Washington in the early 1990s, then moved back to Southern California. They learned to play the piano at the age of six. They both were in the movie _My Super Sweet 16 The Movie_.

## Albums

- Into the Rush (2005)
- Acoustic Hearts of Winter (2006)
- Insomniatic (2007)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: 78violet
- **img**: Alyson and AJ Michalka.jpg
- **img capt**: Aly & AJ performing in 2007
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Torrance, California, United States
- **genre**: Teen pop
Dance-pop
- **years active**: 2004 – present
- **label**: Hollywood Records
- **current members**: Alyson Michalka
Amanda Michalka
Middlesbrough

**Middlesbrough** is a town in North Yorkshire in northeast England. About 135,000 people live there. It is part of North Yorkshire.

The name is often spelt incorrectly as 'Middlesborough' but 'Middlesbrough' is correct. The town is sometimes called Boro by people who live in the town or near it.

## Sports

It has a Championship football club: Middlesbrough F.C..
Indianapolis 500

The **Indianapolis 500** is an automobile race held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, which is near Indianapolis, Indiana. It is one of the biggest racing events in the world. Every year more than 200,000 people come there to watch the race. It occurs once a year on the day before Memorial Day. This event gives its name to the IndyCar class, a type of open-wheel race car that races in it. Fans of this race sometimes call the race the Indy 500.

### The early years

The Indianapolis Motor Speedway complex was built in 1909 as a gravel-and-tar track and hosted an assortment of small events, including ones for NASCAR, Indycar, and many others.
Mahout

A **mahout** (ORIGIN from Hindi mahāvat) is a person who drives an elephant. Usually, a mahout starts as a boy, when he is given a young elephant so that they become attached to each other.

The most common tool used by mahouts is a goad called _anlius_, or _ankusha_ - a sharp hook used to guide a tamed elephant by prodding on the back of its head.
Denomination

**Denomination** could mean:

- Religious denomination, such as a:
    - Christian denomination
    - Jewish denomination
    - Islamic denomination
    - Buddhist denomination
- Denomination (currency)
- Denomination (postage stamp)
- Protected designation of origin, a protected product name, usually by region of production
- Any name can be considered a "denomination" of the thing being named.