juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Albrecht Altdorfer

**Albrecht Altodorfer** was a German painter, engraver and builder of the Renaissance. He was probably born around the year 1480, in Altdorf, Lower Bavaria, or Regensburg. He died on 12 February 1538 in Regensburg. Together with Wolf Huber, he is seen as one of the main people in the Danube school. The danube school was an art movement that spread along the Danube, in Germany and Austria. With Albrecht Dürer he founded the Little Masters (original: _Kleinmeister_) of Nuremberg.

## Related pages

- German art
Ben Bailey

**Benjamin Ray "Ben" Bailey** (born October 30, 1970) is an American comedian, taxicab driver, and game show host. He is best known as the host of the Discovery Channel game show _Cash Cab_. He was born in Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States.

Bailey was the host of _Cash Cab_, a television game show played in a taxi that Bailey drives around New York City, from 2005 until the show's end in 2012. He was nominated for an "Outstanding Game Show Host" award at the Daytime Emmy Awards in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011. He won in 2010 and 2011. He was also the host of the 2011 NBC game show _Who's Still Standing?_.

## Other websites

- Ben Bailey's official website
Elmer Gantry

***Elmer Gantry*** is a 1960 drama movie about a con man and a female evangelist selling religion to small town America. Directed by Richard Brooks, the movie is based on the 1927 novel of the same name by Sinclair Lewis and stars Burt Lancaster and Jean Simmons.

Actor Pat Hingle was originally cast as Elmer Gantry. After he was injured from a  fall down an elevator shaft, the part was given to Lancaster. Lancaster won an Academy Award for his role.
Hang 'Em High

***Hang 'Em High*** is a 1968 American Western movie directed by Ted Post and produced and co-written by Leonard Freeman. It stars Clint Eastwood as Jed Cooper, an innocent man who survives being hanged, Inger Stevens as a widow who helps him, Ed Begley as the leader of the gang that tried to hang him, and Pat Hingle as the judge who hires Jed as a US Marshal.
Body Language (Kylie Minogue album)

***Body Language*** is the ninth studio album by Australian singer Kylie Minogue. It was recorded during the summer of 2003 in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Spain, and released on 20 November 2003 by Parlophone. The album contains three official singles, "Slow", "Red Blooded Woman" and "Chocolate".

## Other websites

- _Body Language_ on Kylie Minogue's official website

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Body Language
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Kylie Minogue
- **recorded**: 2003
- **genre**: * Pop music, Pop
* dance-pop
* Contemporary R&B, R&B
- **length**: 47:51
- **label**: Parlophone
- **producer**: * Baby Ash
* Chris Braide
* Cathy Dennis
* Johnny Douglas
* Electric J
* Julian Gallagher
* Kurtis Mantronik
* Karen Poole
* Rez
* Richard Stannard
* Sunnyroads
- **prev title**: Fever (Kylie Minogue album), Fever
- **prev year**: 2001
- **next title**: X (Kylie Minogue album), X
- **next year**: 2007
Fabián Alarcón

**Fabián Ernesto Alarcón Rivera** (born April 14, 1947) was President of Ecuador from 6 February 1997 to 9 February 1997 and from February 11, 1997 to August 10, 1998.

Alarcón was born in Quito. He was head of the Congress from 1991 to 1992 and then again from August 1995 to February 1997, when he was made acting president due to the impeachment of President Abdalá Bucaram.

## Other websites

- Official Website of the Ecuadorian Government about the country President's History

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Fabián Alarcón
- **image**: Retrato oficial de Fabián Ernesto Alarcón Rivera.jpg
- **nationality**: Ecuadorian
- **order**: President of Ecuador
<small>Caretaker government, Interim </small>
- **term start**: February 11, 1997
- **term end**: August 10, 1998
- **predecessor**: Rosalía Arteaga
- **successor**: Jamil Mahuad
- **vicepresident**: Rosalía Arteaga and Pedro Aguayo Cubillo
- **term start2**: February 6, 1997
- **term end2**: February 9, 1997
- **predecessor2**: Abdalá Bucaram
- **successor2**: Rosalía Arteaga
- **order3**: President of the Ecuadorian Congress
- **term start3**: August 1995
- **term end3**: February 6, 1997
- **predecessor3**: Heinz Moeller
- **successor3**: Heinz Moeller
- **president3**: Abdalá Bucaram (1996-1997)
Sixto Durán Ballén (1995-1996)
- **term start4**: August 14, 1991
- **term end4**: 1992
- **president4**: Rodrigo Borja Cevallos, Rodrigo Borja
- **predecessor4**: Wilfrido Lucero
- **successor4**: Edilberto Bonilla
- **birth place**: Quito, Ecuador
- **party**: Alfarista Radical Front
Gustavo Noboa

**Gustavo José Joaquín Noboa Bejarano** (21 August 1937 – 16 February 2021) was an Ecuadorian politician. He was the 42nd President of Ecuador from 22 January 2000 to 15 January 2003. Before, he was the Vice President during Jamil Mahuad's government from 1998 to 2000.

Noboa was born on 21 August 1937 in Guayaquil, Ecuador. He was married to María Isabel Baquerizo. In March 2006, Noboa was put under house arrest for mishandling Ecuador's foreign debt.

Noboa died at a hospital in Miami, Florida from a heart attack while having brain cancer surgery on 16 February 2021, aged 83.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Gustavo Noboa
- **image**: Gustavo noboa.jpg
- **order**: 42nd President of Ecuador
- **term start**: 22 January 2000
- **term end**: 15 January 2003
- **vicepresident**: Pedro Pinto Rubianes
- **predecessor**: Jamil Mahuad
- **successor**: Lucio Gutiérrez
- **order2**: Vice President of Ecuador
- **president2**: Jamil Mahuad
- **term start2**: 10 August 1998
- **term end2**: 21 January 2000
- **predecessor2**: Pedro Aguayo Cubillo
- **successor2**: Pedro Pinto Rubianes
- **order3**: Governor of Guayas
- **president3**: Osvaldo Hurtado, Osvaldo Hurtado Larrea
- **term start3**: March 1983
- **term end3**: August 1984
- **successor3**: Jaime Nebot
- **birth name**: Gustavo José Joaquín Noboa Bejarano
- **birth place**: Guayaquil, Ecuador
- **death place**: Miami, Florida, United States
- **nationality**: Ecuadorian
- **spouse**: María Isabel Baquerizo
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union (Ecuador), Popular Democracy
- **alma mater**: University of Guayaquil
James Whale

**James Whale** (22 July 1889 – 29 May 1957) was an English movie director, theatre director, and actor. He is best remembered for his horror movies. These include _Frankenstein_ (1931), _The Old Dark House_ (1932), _The Invisible Man_ (1933) and _Bride of Frankenstein_ (1935). He also directed the movie musical _Show Boat_ (1936).

Whale was born into a large family.  Early on, he discovered his artistic talent and studied art. With the outbreak of World War I, Whale joined the British Army. He became an officer. He was captured by the Germans. During his time as a prisoner of war, he became interested in theatre. After the war, he became an actor, set designer, and director. He moved to the United States to direct a Broadway play, and then moved to Hollywood to direct movies.

Whale lived in Hollywood for the rest of his life with his longtime companion, producer David Lewis. Whale directed a dozen movies for Universal Studios between 1930 and 1936, developing a style influenced by German Expressionism.

After string of movies failures, Whale's directing career was over by 1941. He continued to direct for the stage, painted, and travelled. His retirement years were comfortable until strokes in 1956 left him in pain. Whale committed suicide on 29 May 1957 by drowning himself in his backyard swimming pool.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: James Whale
- **image**: Whale-mescall-bride opt2.jpg
- **caption**: James Whale
- **birth place**: Dudley, Worcestershire, England
- **death place**: Hollywood, California
- **partner**: David Lewis (producer), David Lewis
 Pierre Foegel
- **years active**: 1919–52
- **notable works**: _Frankenstein (1931 movie), Frankenstein_ (1931)
_The Invisible Man (1933 movie), The Invisible Man_ (1933)
_Bride of Frankenstein_ (1935)
_Show Boat_ (1936)
Ayelet Zurer

**Ayelet Zurer** (born 28 June 1969) is an Israeli actress. She is known for her roles in _Angels & Demons_, _Fugitive Pieces_, and in _Man of Steel_. She was born in Tel Aviv.

Zurer was born to a Jewish family. She has been married to Gilad Londovski since 2003. They had one child.

## Other websites

- Ayelet Zurer at Theiapolis.com
- Ayelet Zurer at E-Online

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ayelet Zurer
- **image**: איילת זורר.png
- **caption**: Zurer in 2003
- **birth place**: Tel Aviv, Israel
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **children**: 1
Antje Traue

**Antje Traue** (born January 18, 1981) is a German actress. She is known for her roles in _Pandorum_, _Kleinruppin Forever_, _5 Days of War_, and in _Man of Steel_.

Traue was born on January 18, 1981, in Mittweida, Saxony, Germany.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: MJK30855 Antje Traue (Berlinale 2017).jpg
- **name**: Antje Traue
- **caption**: Antje Traue at the 67th Berlin International Film Festival (2017)
- **birth place**: Mittweida, Germany
- **occupation**: Celebrity
- **years active**: 1997 - present
Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu

**Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu** (22 January 1971 – 25 July 2017, often known simply as **Gurrumul**), was an indigenous Australian musician. He was best known as a singer and musician. Most of his songs are sung in Galpu, Gumatj or Djambarrpuyngu, which are all languages of the Yolngu people of northeastern (northern territory) Arnhem Land. He plays the guitar, drums, keyboards and _yidaki_ (didgeridoo).

Gurrumul was born at Galiwin'ku, on Elcho Island, off the coast of Arnhem Land. He belongs to the Gumatj clan of the Yolngu, and his mother is from the Galpu clan. He was born blind. Although a few of his songs are written and sung in English, he does not speak the language. He is also said to be very shy, and does not normally speak during performances.

Gurrumul was a founding member of the band Yothu Yindi. He played in this band for almost ten years, until 1995. He formed Saltwater Band a few years later and remains their lead singer. He released his first solo album, _Gurrumul_, in 2008. It was highly successful, and won several awards. It peaked at #3 on the ARIA Charts and #1 on the independent chart. Gurrumul was nominated for four ARIA awards, and won two of them (Best World Music Album and Best Independent Release). He also won three Deadly Awards: Artist of the Year, Album of the Year for _Gurrumul_ and Single of the Year for "Gurrumul History (I Was Born Blind)". At the Independent Music Awards, he won Best New Independent Artist, as well as Best Independent Release and Best Independent Blues/Roots Release for _Gurrumul_. He won the award for Best Independent Blues and Roots Album again in 2011, for _Rrakala_.

Yunupingu died at Royal Darwin Hospital, Northern Territory on 25 July 2017 of kidney and liver failure. He was aged 46.

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _Gurrumul_ (2008)
- _Rrakala_ (2011)

## Other websites

- Record company bio
- Video of Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu performing at YouTube
- National Indigenous Times – Issue 151 Yunupingu's voice creates waves throughout the world
- Gurrumul obituary

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Gurrumul
- **image**: Gurrumul Yunupingu @ Fremantle Park (17 4 2011) (5648206079).jpg
- **caption**: Gurrumul in April 2011
- **native name**: Gudjik Gurrumul Yunupingu
- **native name lang**: gnn
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Galiwin'ku, Northern Territory, Australia
- **death place**: Darwin, Northern Territory, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- **genre**: Folk music, Folk
- **occupation**: Musician
- **years active**: 1988–2017
- **label**: Skinnyfish Music
- **associated acts**: Yothu Yindi
Saltwater Band
Looptroop Rockers

**Looptroop Rockers** is a reggae, hiphop and electro band from Västerås, Sweden, they sing in both English and Swedish but mostly English. The band's former name was just **Looptroop**.

The band has 9 albums and some EPs. The members of the group are Promoe, Supreme. Embee and CosM.I.C, the producers is DvsG (David vs. Goliath) and Burning Heart Records. The band were created in 1991 by Promoe and Embee, the band was complete in 1996. Now it’s the biggest Swedish export in Hiphop.

The name Looptroop comes from loops (the beat is repeating over and over till the end of the song) and ‘troop’ stands for Freedom Writers because they sing about the government.

## Albums

- 2000 – _Modern Day City Symphony_ (2LP/CD)
- 2000 – _Modern Day City Symphony Instrumentals_ (LP)
- 2002 – _The Struggle Continues_ (2LP/CD)
- 2002 – _The Struggle Continues Instrumentals_ (LP)
- 2005 – _Fort Europa_ (2LP/CD)
- 2005 – _Fort Europa Instrumentals_ (LP)
- 2008 – _Good Things_ (2LP/CD)
- 2011 – _Professional Dreamers_ (2LP/CD)
- 2013 – _Mitt Hjärta Är En Bomb_ (2LP/CD)

## Singles

- Don't Hate the Player (2002)
- Fly Away (2002)
- Looptroopland (2002)
- Long Arm of the Law (2000)
- Ambush in the Night (1999)
- Schlook from Birth (1998)
- Heads or Tails (1998)
- From Beyond K-Line (1998)
- The Way Beyond (1998, mixtape)
- From the Waxcabinet (1996)
- Unsigned Hype (1997)
- Punx Not Dead (1999, MC)
- From the Waxcabinet (1996, MC)
- Threesicksteez (1995, MC)
- Superstars (1993, MC)
Eyespot

An **eyespot** is a simple organ in biology used to detect light. It may be called an **ocellus**, or **pigment pit**. They are quite common in small, simple invertebrates, such as _Planaria_. They do not have lenses or any means of focussing. Therefore, they can sense light from dark, but do not give the animal a visual scene as our eyes do.

In many simple animals the eyespot senses light with a pigment molecule called an opsin. Then a nerve fibre goes from the eyespot to the simple nervous system. This allows the animal to move in response to (for example) a shadow passing over it.

Eyespots also occur in single-celled protists like _Euglena_ and _Chlamydomonas_, where it is connected to the flagellum. This allows the information from the light patch to influence the cells's movement.

The first fossils of eyes that have been found to date are from the early Cambrian period (about 540 million years ago). This period saw a burst of apparently rapid evolution, called the "Cambrian explosion". One idea is that the evolution of eyes started an arms race which led to a rapid spate of evolution. Much earlier than this organisms would have used light spots for light sensitivity, but did not have a visual scene for rapid navigation.
Koenigsegg

**Koenigsegg Automotive AB** () is a Swedish company that makes cars. They make "super cars", a mixture of sports cars and a fast cars. The main office is in Ängelholm, Sweden. 1994

## History

The creator and manager of Koenigsegg is Christian E. H. von Koenigsegg. In 1994 he created Koenigsegg as a small company, after years of planning. The designer David Crafoord designed the concept car for Koenigsegg's original drawings. Then, they built a prototype that could be driven. They tested the car for several years and developed it further. In 2002, the company started the series production of the model CC 8S. Koenigsegg CC 8S was named by the Guinness Book of Records for the world's most powerful car with its 1,050 horsepower.

## Cars

Koenigsegg's fastest car is Koenigsegg 2021 Jesko Absolut, It can go up to a top speed of 563 km/h (350 mph). It does 0-400-0 km/h (0-249-0 mph) in 27.83 seconds.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Koenigsegg Automotive AB
- **logo**: Koenigsegg logo.svg
- **type**: _Aktiebolag_
- **founder**: Christian von Koenigsegg
- **location city**: Ängelholm
- **location country**: Scania, Sweden
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **industry**: Automotive industry, Automotive
- **num employees**: ~400 (February 2021)
- **owner**: Christian von Koenigsegg
- **homepage**: [https://www.koenigsegg.com/ koenigsegg.com]
Managed motorway

**Managed motorways** in the United Kingdom are motorways which use **active traffic management**. Their aim is to increase traffic capacity at times of peak traffic flow. They use variable speed limits and hard shoulder running at busy times. A "hard shoulder" is an inner lane which in normal times is only used for emergencies.

Active traffic management was first used in 2005. The system is now in operation on sections of the M1, M4, M6, and M42, and there are proposals for its use on sections of the M5, M25, M60 and M62.

Benefits include smoother traffic flows, more reliable journey times, fewer road traffic collisions, and reduced noise and harmful vehicle emissions. Where only variable speed limits are used, it is called a **controlled motorway**.
Mooreana trichoneura

***Mooreana trichoneura*** is commonly known as the 'yellow flat'. It is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae. It has a wingspan of 32-36mm. Butterflies like this are called 'flats' because they fly quickly and usually rest on the underside of a leaf with their wings open flat.

Its host plant is _Mallotus paniculatus_, in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. The yellow flat is usually found in lowland forests up to 833m (2500ft).

The yellow flat has a wide distribution. It ranges from India to Thailand to Malaysia and can even be found in the Philippines. In the 4th quarter of 2012, it was discovered in Singapore.
Predator (movie)

***Predator*** is a 1987 American science fiction horror/action movie. It was directed by John McTiernan. The movie stars Arnold Schwarzenegger, Carl Weathers, Jesse Ventura, and Kevin Peter Hall. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. The story follows a special forces team, led by 'Dutch' (Arnold Schwarzenegger).

They are on a mission to rescue hostages in Central America. The group does not know that they are being hunted by a technologically advanced alien, the Predator. _Predator_ was written by Jim and John Thomas in 1985. Filming began in April 1986.

## Production

The movie cost about $15 million to make. It was released in the United States on June 12, 1987. _Predator_ made $98,267,558 at the box office. At first, the reviews to _Predator_ were negative. Much of this was because of a weak plot.  Two sequels, _Predator 2_ (1990) and _Predators_ (2010) were made. There have also been two movies with the _Alien_ franchise. These are _Alien vs. Predator_ (2004) and _Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem_ (2007).

## Cast

- Arnold Schwarzenegger as Major Alan "Dutch" Schaefer.
- Carl Weathers as George Dillon, a former teammate of Dutch and a CIA agent.
- Elpidia Carrillo as Anna, a guerrilla, captured by Dutch's troops.
- Richard Chaves as Jorge "Poncho" Ramirez.
- Jesse Ventura as Blain Cooper, who fought with Mac in the Vietnam War.
- Bill Duke as Mac Eliot, a close friend of Blain's.
- Sonny Landham as Billy Sole, a Native American tracker.
- Shane Black as Rick Hawkins, the team's radio operator.
- R. G. Armstrong as Major General Homer Phillips, the coordinator of the mission.
- Kevin Peter Hall as The Predator. Hall also plays the end scene helicopter pilot. Peter Cullen did the voice of the Predator.

## Box office

_Predator_ was #1 at the US box office in its opening weekend with a gross of $12 million. Only _Beverly Hills Cop II_ made more money in 1987. The movie earned a total of $98,267,558. Of this, $59,735,548 was from the US & Canadian box office. $38,532,010 was made overseas.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Predator
- **caption**: Theatrical poster
- **director**: John McTiernan
- **producer**: Lawrence Gordon (producer), Lawrence Gordon
John Davis (producer), John Davis
- **writer**: Jim Thomas (screenwriter), Jim Thomas
John Thomas (screenwriter), John Thomas
Shane Black(Uncredited)
- **starring**: Arnold Schwarzenegger
Carl Weathers
Bill Duke
Jesse Ventura
Kevin Peter Hall
- **music**: Alan Silvestri
- **cinematography**: Donald McAlpine
- **editing**: Mark Helfrich (film editor), Mark Helfrich
John F. Link
- **studio**: Lawrence Gordon (producer), Gordon Company
 Silver Pictures
Davis Entertainment
 [https://imdb.wikia.com/wiki/Family_Public_Telepictures FPT Communications]
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **runtime**: 107 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $15,000,000
- **gross**: $98,267,558
Tor Johnson

**Tor Johnson** (born **Tor Johansson**, 19 October 1903 – 12 May 1971) was a Swedish professional wrestler and movie and television actor. During his wrestling career, he was billed as the Super-Swedish Angel.

Johnson was born in Sweden, the son of Karl J. Johansson and Lovisa Petersson. He began appearing in movies in 1934, usually as boxers or wrestlers. In the 1940s, he played lumbering thugs and scowling plug-uglies. He appeared with Bob Hope and Bing Crosby in _Road to Rio_ (1947), in _Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion_ (1950), and with Shirley Jones in the movie version of _Carousel_ (1956).

He is best known though for his appearances in the low budget movies directed by Ed Wood. He played Lobo in _Bride of the Monster_ and _Night of the Ghouls_, and the zombified Inspector Clay in _Plan 9 from Outer Space_.

In the early 1960s, he had guest appearances as wrestlers, thugs, and circus strongmen in various television series including _Peter Gunn_, _Bonanza_, and _The Shirley Temple Show_. Johnson died in San Fernando, California, from heart failure in 1971. He was buried at the Eternal Valley Memorial Park in Newhall, California.

## Other websites

- Tor Johnson bio.shtml) on (re)Search my Trash

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Tor Johnson
- **image**: PlanNine 10.jpg
- **caption**: Johnson in _Plan 9 from Outer Space_
- **birthname**: Tor Johansson
- **birth place**: Sweden
- **death place**: San Fernando, California, San Fernando, California, U.S.
- **othername**: Super Swedish Angel
Thor Johnson
- **occupation**: Wrestler, actor
- **yearsactive**: 1934–1961
Colony of Virginia

The **Colony of Virginia** (also known as **Virginia Colony**) was the first of thirteen colonies in North America.

## Location

When the Virginia Colony was first settled, it was a huge geographic area that was England's claim on all of North America.

After the United States was formed, the new government formed all of these areas from the Colony of Virginia:

- The entire state of Illinois
- The entire state of Indiana
- The entire state of Kentucky
- The entire state of West Virginia
- Parts of Ohio
- Virginia

## Name

The name Virginia was first applied by Sir Walter Raleigh and Queen Elizabeth I in 1584.

After the English Civil War in the mid-17th century, King Charles II nicknamed the Virginia Colony "The Old Dominion". This name honored the Colony's loyalty to the British Crown during the Commonwealth of England era (a period from 1649-1660 when the monarchy was ended).

## History

European explorers first found modern-day Virginia in the late 16th century. In 1584 England tried to establish its first colony in the New World: the Roanoke Colony. Because of the Anglo-Spanish War, nobody could return to re-supply the colony for four years. When ships finally arrived in 1590, the Roanoke colonists were mysteriously gone.

In 1607 Virginia was settled again at Jamestown by people working for the Virginia Company of London. This time, the colony succeeded. Jamestown became the first successful English settlement in the New World. However, the Virginia Company had its charter cancelled in 1624 for not making a profit. This meant they lost the legal rights to control the Virginia Colony.

At this point, the British Crown took over the colony. It remained an English colony until the American Revolution. Virginia was one of the first colonies to be made a state in the new United States of America.

## Related pages

- Thirteen Colonies
- Jamestown, Virginia
- Roanoke Colony
- States of the United States
- History of the United States
Night of the Ghouls

***Night of the Ghouls*** is a 1959 horror movie written, directed, and produced by Ed Wood. It is a sequel of sorts to Wood's 1955 horror movie, _Bride of the Monster_.

The story is about a crook, Dr. Acula, who pretends to be able to contact the dead. He charges people large amounts of money to speak to their dead relatives. He summons a group of real ghosts who bury him alive.

The movie stars Kenne Duncan as Dr. Karl Acula, Duke Moore as Lt. Dan Bradford, Tor Johnson as Lobo, Valda Hansen as Sheila, Paul Marco as Patrolman Kelton, and Criswell as himself.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Night of the Ghouls
- **image**: Night of the Ghouls (1959).webm
- **director**: Ed Wood
- **producer**: Ed Wood
- **writer**: Ed Wood
- **starring**: Kenne Duncan
Duke Moore
Tor Johnson
- **cinematography**: William C. Thompson
- **editing**: Ed Wood
- **distributor**: Paramount Pictures
- **runtime**: 69 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Paul Marco

**Paul Marco** (June 10, 1927 – May 14, 2006) was an American actor. He often appeared in movies made by Ed Wood, including the "Kelton Trilogy": _Bride of the Monster_, _Night of the Ghouls_ and _Plan 9 from Outer Space_. In this trilogy, he played a bumbling, fearful policeman named Kelton.

## Biography

Marco was born in Los Angeles. He took lessons in drama, singing, and dancing at an early age. After graduating from Hollywood High School, he served in the United States Navy during World War II.

His first known movie role was a small part in the 1944 movie _Sweet and Low-Down_ with Benny Goodman. In the early 1950s, The Amazing Criswell predicted on national television that Paul Marco would go far in the movie business. Criswell introduced Marco to Ed Wood. In turn, Marco introduced Ed Wood to Bunny Breckinridge, a gay Shakespearean actor. Breckinridge lived with Marco for a time and co-starred in Wood's _Plan 9 from Outer Space_.

Marco depended on Wood for parts. He more or less retired as an actor as Ed Wood's movies shifted more and more towards pornography. In 1995, Marco recorded "Home on the Strange", in which he reprised his Kelton character for Dionysus Records. He revived Kelton once more in the 2005 science fiction satire/tribute film _The Naked Monster_. On May 14, 2006, Paul Marco died after a battle with hip problems and chronic illness. He was 78.

## Movie list

|colspan=4 style="background:#B0C4DE;"|Film|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1944|_Sweet and Low-Down_||rowspan=2|Uncredited||
|1952|_Hiawatha_|||||
|1955|_Bride of the Monster_|Officer Kelton|Alternative title: _Bride of the Atom_|||
|rowspan=2|1959|_Night of the Ghouls_|rowspan=2|Patrolman Paul Kelton|Alternative title: _Revenge of the Dead_|
|_Plan 9 from Outer Space_||||||
|1961|_The Young Savages_||rowspan=2|Uncredited||
|1965|_Rat Fink_|||||
|1989|_Horror Talk_|||||
|2005|_The Naked Monster_|rowspan=2|Kelton the Cop|||
|2009|_Kelton's Dark Corner: Trilogy One_|Direct-to-DVD release||||
|rowspan=2|1960|_The Donna Reed Show_|Plumber #3|1 episode||
|_77 Sunset Strip_|Jeep Driver|1 episode||||

## References

- Sloan, Will. (April 2005). "Can Your Heart Stand the Shocking Facts About Kelton the Cop A/K/A Paul Marco?" Filmfax, pp. 88–89

## Other websites

- Paul Marco's official website
- Keltonsdarkcorner.com

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Paul Marco
- **image**: Night of the Ghouls 1959 - Paul Marco.jpg
- **birthname**: Angelo Inzalaco
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **website**: http://www.winvisual.com/marco/index.html
Duke Moore

**Duke Moore**, (July 15, 1913 as **James Moore** – November 16, 1976), was an American actor. He appeared only in movies made by Ed Wood. Between 1953 and 1970, Moore appeared in the following Wood movies: _Crossroads of Laredo_; _Final Curtain_; _Night of the Ghouls_; _Plan 9 from Outer Space_; _The Sinister Urge_, and _Take it Out in Trade_. Moore died in Hollywood of a heart attack.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: PlanNine 06.jpg
- **caption**: **Duke Moore** and Carl Anthony in
_Plan 9 from Outer Space_
- **birthname**: James Moore
- **death place**: Hollywood, California
- **occupation**: Movie actor
Struga

**Struga** is a small city in the southwest of North Macedonia at the Lake Ohrid. The Black Drin river runs through the town, dividing it into a western and an eastern part. About 15,000 people live in Struga. They are a mix of Albanians, (Slavic) Macedonians, Turks and Romani.

Struga is known for its tourism, mostly in the summer, when people come to take a bath at the shores of the Lake Ohrid and of the river Black Drin.

Struga is also the capital of the municipality with the same name including the town itself as well as nearby villages.
Valley Springs, South Dakota

**Valley Springs** is a city in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Minnehaha County along the Minnesota state line. Valley Springs became a city in 1879, and 885 people lived there at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- City of Valley Springs website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Valley Springs, South Dakota
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: “The Front Door to South Dakota,”
- **image skyline**: Valley Springs.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Broadway Avenue in Valley Springs
- **image map**: Minnehaha_County_South_Dakota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Valley_Springs_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Minnehaha County, South Dakota, Minnehaha County and the state of South Dakota
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: South Dakota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in South Dakota, County
- **subdivision name2**: Minnehaha County, South Dakota, Minnehaha
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established title3**: Incorporated
- **established date3**: 1879
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 2.55
- **area land km2**: 2.55
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.99
- **area land sq mi**: 0.98
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 885
- **population density km2**: 347.03
- **population density sq mi**: 898.48
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1401
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 57068
- **area code**: Area code 605, 605
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 46-66260
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1267610
- **website**: [http://www.cityofvalleysprings.com/ City of Valley Springs, South Dakota]
Catalan independence movement

The **Catalan independence** or **separatism** is a political movement that supports the independence of Catalonia or the Catalan countries from Spain and France. The Catalan independence movement began in the 19th century. The separatists believe that Catalonia is a nation. Catalonia has its own language (Catalan language) and culture (Catalan culture).

During the Francisco Franco dictatorship, Catalans and the Catalan language were oppressed. Recently, the number of people who support Catalan independence has increased. In 2012 there was a demonstration in Barcelona with 1.500.000 people. The majority of the parliament in Catalunya wants to have a referendum on independence, and 55% identify as separatists.

The Estelada flag is the symbol of the Catalan independence movement.
Jalil Zandi

**Jalil Zandi** (2 May 1951 – 1 April 2001) was an Iranian flying ace in the Iran-Iraq War. He was an F-14 Tomcat pilot. He had the most victories in the air combat in the Iran-Iraq War: 11 victories ( 8 confirmed victories and 3 probable victories). His victories include 4 MiG-23s, 2 Su-22s, 2 MiG 21s and 3 Mirage F1s). He was also the most successful F-14 pilot ever.

He had the rank of brigadier general.

He died with his wife Zahra Mohebshahedin in 2001 in a car accident near Tehran. He is buried in Behesht-e Zahra cemetery in the south of Tehran.
John Le Mesurier

**John Le Mesurier** (born **John Elton Le Mesurier Halliley**; 5 April 1912 – 15 November 1983) was an English actor and comedian. He is best remembered for his comedic role as Sergeant Arthur Wilson in the BBC television situation comedy _Dad's Army_ (1968–77).

Le Mesurier was born on 5 April 1912 in Bedford, Bedfordshire, England. He studied at the Sherborne School.

Le Mesurier was married to June Melville from 1940 until they divorced in 1949. Then he was married to Hattie Jacques from 1949 until they divorced in 1965. Then he was married to Joan Malin from 1966 until his death in 1983. He had two sons.

Le Mesurier died from a stomach hemorrhage caused by cirrhosis of the liver in Ramsgate, Kent, England, aged 71.
Free Realms

***Free Realms*** was a massively multiplayer online role-playing game. It is set in a fantasy-themed world, named "Sacred Grove". It was made by Sony Online Entertainment for PC, Mac and PlayStation 3. The game was released on 29 April 2009. On March 31, 2014, the game was officially shut down.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Free Realms
- **image**: Logo of Free Realms.png
- **developer**: Sony Online Entertainment, SOE San Diego
- **publisher**: Sony Online Entertainment
- **released**: **PC**
April 28, 2009
**PlayStation 3**
March 29, 2011
**Mac**
November 2, 2010
- **genre**: Massively multiplayer online game, Massively multiplayer online adventure game
- **modes**: Multiplayer video game, Multiplayer, Collectible card game, CCG
- **platforms**: PlayStation 3 (PlayStation Network, PSN), Microsoft Windows, Windows, Mac OS X, Mac
Cellular automaton

A **cellular automaton** is a model used in computer science and mathematics. The idea is to model a dynamic system by using a number of cell<nowiki/>s. Each cell has one of many possible states. With each "turn" or iteration the state of the current cell is determined by two things: its current state, and the states of the neighbouring cells.

A very famous example of a cellular automaton is Conway's Game of Life. Stanislaw Ulam and John von Neumann first described cellular automata in the 1940s. Conway's Game of Life was first shown in the 1970s.

## Biology

Some things in nature happen because of cellular automata.

The patterns of certain seashells are made by natural cellular automata. Examples can be seen in the genera _Conus_ and _Cymbiola_. The pigment cells are in a narrow band on the shell's lip. Each cell secretes pigments based on what pigment cells around it are doing. The cell band leaves the colored pattern on the shell as it slowly grows. For example, the species _Conus textile_ has a pattern that looks similar to Wolfram's rule 30 cellular automaton.

Plants control how much gas they have with a cellular automaton. Each stoma on the leaf acts as a cell.

Moving wave patterns on the skin of cephalopods can be simulated with a two-state, two-dimensional cellular automaton, each state corresponding to either an expanded or retracted chromatophore.

Threshold automata have been made to act similar to neurons. These can do complex things, such as recognition and learning.

Fibroblasts are similar to cellular automata. This is because each fibroblast only interacts with others next to it.

## Related pages

- Automaton
Henry Morgentaler

**Heniek "Henry" Morgentaler**, <small>CM</small> (March 19, 1923 – May 29, 2013), was a Polish-born Canadian physician and pro-choice activist who fought many legal battles about expanding abortion rights in Canada. When he was young during World War II, Morgentaler was imprisoned at the Łódź Ghetto and later at the Dachau concentration camp. He survived the Holocaust.

He was a humanist and received the Order of Canada in 2008.

Morgentaler was born on March 19, 1923 in Łódź, Poland. He was married to Chava Rosenfarb from 1945 until they divorced in 1975. Morgentaler died on May 29, 2013 in Toronto, Canada from a heart attack, aged 90.

## Other websites

- The Morgentaler Clinic
- The Morgentaler Decision turns 20, _National Review of Medicine,_ 2008-01-15 (accessed 2011-08-30)
- Abortion crusader deeply divides Canadian society (2009-01-14) _CBC_
- Abortion rights: significant moments in Canada's history (2009-05-21) _CBC_
- CBC Digital Archives – Dr. Henry Morgentaler: Fighting Canada's Abortion Laws
- Supreme Court of Canada, _R v. Morgentaler_ (1988) (1 S.C.R. 30)
- CBC: Abortion law ruled unconstitutional (January 28, 1988)
Andrew Greeley

**Andrew M. Greeley** (February 5, 1928 – May 29, 2013) was an American Roman Catholic priest, educator, sociologist, journalist, philanthropist, and popular author.

Greeley was born on February 5, 1928 in Oak Park, Illinois to an Irish family. He was raised a Catholic. Greeley studied at Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary and at St. Mary of the Lake Seminary. He retired in 2009 after an injury.

Greeley suffered skull fractures in a fall in 2008 when his clothing got caught on the door of a taxi as it pulled away; he was hospitalized in critical condition. He remained in poor health. Greeley died on May 29, 2013 at his Chicago home. He was 85.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Andrew M. Greeley's page at Macmillan.com
- Greeley/Bernardin/Kennedy controversy: a description of the conflict between Greeley, Joseph Bernardin and the writer Eugene Kennedy, by a Greeley partisan

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Andrew Greeley
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **caption**: Andrew Greeley
- **birth place**: Oak Park, Illinois, US
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois, US
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Priest, Author
- **yearsactive**: 1966–2009
- **website**: http://www.agreeley.com/
Coriaria ruscifolia

***Coriaria ruscifolia*** are shrubs or small trees with bright red fruits like berries. The fruits and the leaves are very poisonous.

## Common names

This species has many names in Latin America. Some of them are:
- Chile: deu, dehue-lahuen, deó, hiuque, matarratones ("kill mice"), veu.
- Peru: mio-mio, saca-saca, mio venenosa, raqui-raqui
- Ecuador: piñán, shanshi, shanchi or zhanzhi, tinta.
- Colombia: reventadera; barbasco, chanchi, mortiño borrachero.
- Venezuela: tisís, helecho de playa, helecho uvite.
- Guatemala: moco tinto, moco de chompipe.
- Mexico: helecho de tierra, tlalocopetate, tlalocopatlat.

## Systematics

_Coriaria ruscifolia_ was described for the first time by Linnaeus in 1753 in _Species Plantarum_ (Vol. 2, page 1037), from a plant from Peru.

The species is divided in two subspecies:
1. _C. ruscifolia_ subsp. _ruscifolia_
1. _C. ruscifolia_ subsp. _microphylla_ (Poir.) L. E. Skog, with two synonyms:
    1. _C. microphylla_ Poir.
    1. _C. thymifolia_ Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

## Description

Shrub up to 4 metres high. Dark green leaves on the top and pale gray on the underside. Flowers grouped in terminal inflorescences on lateral branches, sepals are green to red, small petals, yellow or red anthers. Fruits look like berries but they are small nuts (achenes). The fruits are covered by the petals.

The number of chromosomes is 40.

The plants of _C. ruscifolia_ subsp. _microphylla_ can fix nitrogen from the air because they have bacteria in their roots.

## Where it grows

***C. ruscifolia*** grows in the Americas and some Pacific Islands:
- _C. ruscifolia_ subsp. _ruscifolia_: Western slopes of Andes (and other mountain ranges) from Mexico to Peru, western Venezuela, and cool mountains of New Guinea and New Zealand and other Pacific islands.
- _C. ruscifolia_ subsp. _microphylla_: Central and southern Chile, New Zealand and other Pacific islands.

## Uses

It is a very toxic plant. Fruits are hallucinogens exciting the nervous system. The leaves have tannin and serve for tanning (making leather out of skins). It is recommended as an ornamental.

In Chile, the fruits are used mixed with bread to kill mice and rats.

## Other websites

- _Coriaria ruscifolia_ L. in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- _Coriaria ruscifolia_ in Encyclopedia of Life - EOL
The Little Mermaid (statue)

***The Little Mermaid*** () is a statue in Copenhagen, Denmark. It sits on a rock in the harbor. It was inspired by a performance of a ballet based on the fairy tale _The Little Mermaid_ by Hans Christian Andersen. It is  tall.  Sculptor Edvard Eriksen created the bronze statue. It was presented to the public on 23 August 1913.

The statue was the idea of Carl Jacobsen, son of the founder of Carlsberg. He asked ballerina, Ellen Price of Copenhagen's Royal Theatre, to pose for the statue. Only the statue's head was modelled on Price. She did not agree to pose in the nude, so the sculptor's wife, Eline Eriksen, posed for the body.

The Little Mermaid has been the victim of vandalism many times since the 1960s.  Her head has been cut off, and she has had paint poured over her several times. In September 2003, the statue was knocked off its base with explosives. The statue has always been repaired after such acts.

## Other websites

- The Little Mermaid  360 degree QuickTime VR panorama from Copenhagen
Dean Brooks

**Dean Kent Brooks** (July 22, 1916 – May 30, 2013) or **Dean R. Brooks** was an American physician and actor.

## Early life

Brooks was born on July 22, 1916 in Everett, Washington. He studied at University of Kansas Medical School.

## Career

He was the head of the Oregon State Hospital in 1975 when the movie _One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest_ was filmed there, which is why he appeared in the movie. He starred as Dr. John Spivey M.D.. Brooks was the superintendent of Oregon State Hospital for 27 years from 1955 to 1982. Brooks was first licensed in Oregon to practice psychiatry in 1950. He retired from the practice of Psychiatric Medicine in 1999.

## Later life

He was married to Ulista Jean Moser until her death in 2006. They had two daughters.

### Death

Brooks died on May 30, 2013 in Salem, Oregon from natural causes, aged 96.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dean Brooks
- **birth name**: Dean Kent Brooks
- **birth place**: Everett, Washington, Everett, Washington (state), Washington, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Salem, Oregon, Salem, Oregon, U.S.
- **death cause**: Natural causes
- **nationality**: American
- **other names**: Dean R. Brooks
- **alma mater**: University of Kansas, University of Kansas Medical School
- **occupation**: Physician, actor
- **years active**: 1975; 1997
- **spouse**: Ulista Jean Moser
(?-2006; her death)
- **children**: two daughters
My Cousin Vinny

***My Cousin Vinny*** is a 1992 American criminal comedy movie. Joe Pesci and Marisa Tomei star. The subject of the movie is two young New Yorkers traveling across rural Alabama. They are put on trial for a murder they did not commit. Tomei plays Mona Lisa. Pesci plays Vincent ("Vinny" for short). This comedy movie was released in March 1992 in the United States. It received positive reviews from the critics.
Bulgarian Orthodox Church

The **Bulgarian Orthodox Church** is a major Christian denomination in Bulgaria. It has around 8-10 million members worldwide. The head of the church is the Patriarch of All Bulgaria.
Hangman

**Hangman** is a paper-and-pencil guessing game played by two or more people. One player thinks of a word, phrase, or sentence, and the other players have to try and guess it. They do so by calling letters or numbers that they think are in the word. The word is shown as a row of dashes. If a guessing player gives a letter or number that is in the word, the other player writes the letter or number in the places that they are in the word. If the letter or number is not in the word, the other player draws a part of a hanged man stick figure as a tally mark (a form of numeral used for counting). The game ends when:

- The guessing player completes the word, or correctly guesses the whole word.
- The other player completes the diagram of the hanged man.

The television game show _Wheel of Fortune_ is based off of Hangman. It uses a roulette-style wheel that players spin for cash and prizes.
Battle of Majuba Hill

The **Battle of Majuba Hill** was the main battle of the First Boer War.  It happened near Volksrust, South Africa on 27 February 1881.

While the battle was small it was important in history. It led to the signing of a peace treaty.  The treaty was between the British and the South African Republic.  It ended the First Boer War. Also the fire and movement tactics used by the Boers were years ahead of their time.  This battle and two before it convinced the British of the Boers strength.  During the Second Anglo-Boer War "Remember Majuba" became a rallying cry.

Some important British historians say that this defeat marked the beginning of the decline of the British Empire.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Battle of Majuba
- **partof**: First Boer War
- **image**: Majuba LondonNews.jpg
- **caption**: The Battle of Majuba, drawn by Richard Caton Woodville for the _Illustrated London News_
- **date**: 27 February 1881
- **place**: Majuba Hill, near Volksrust,
KwaZulu-Natal Province, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- **result**: Major Boer victory
- **combatant1**: South African Republic
- **combatant2**: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
- **commander1**: Nicolas Smit
Stephanus Roos
Danie Malan
Joachim Ferreira
- **commander2**: Sir George Pomeroy Colley
- **strength1**: 400-500 men
- **strength2**: 405 infantry
- **casualties1**: 1 dead
 5 wounded
- **casualties2**: 92 dead
 134 wounded
 59 captured
Thomas (name)

**Thomas** [ **tom**-_uh_s; taw-**mah** ] is a masculine given name. "Tom" or "Thom" are short versions of Thomas. "Tommy" is commonly used. The origin of the name Thomas can be traced back to the Aramaic name Ta'oma, which translates to "twin". The name gained popularity thanks to Saint Thomas, who was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ. Saint Thomas was recognized for his tendency to question and be uncertain, but he eventually became a firm believer and shared the teachings of Christianity worldwide. This name was ranked #46 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## People

- Thomas Carey, Big boy rowing man (1943-2022)
- Thomas Edison, American inventor and businessman (1847–1931)
- Thomas Hurd, Radiographer/Astrophotographer/Cyclist (1993-present)

## Infobox (given name)

- **name**: Thomas
- **gender**: Male
- **meaning**: _Twin_
- **origin**: Aramaic
- **related names**: Tam, Tom, Tŏmas, Tomas, Tomasz, Tommy, Tomo, Tomislav
Thomas (surname)

**Thomas** (and Tomas) is a common surname.  It is most often used by the British, French, German, Dutch, Danish, and Southern Indian Syrian Christians from Kerala (India).

Some notable people with this surname are:
- Ambroise Thomas, French opera composer
- Bert Thomas (1883–1966), British cartoonist
- Clarence Thomas, United States Supreme Court justice
- Dylan Thomas (1914–1953), Welsh poet
- Gerald Thomas, English film director
- Héctor Thomas, Venezuelan decathlete
- Kristin Scott Thomas, English actress
- Mansel Thomas Welsh composer and conductor
- Petria Thomas (born 1975), Australian swimmer
- Rufus Thomas, American R&B singer
- Shavar Thomas (born 1981), Jamaican footballer
Sondra Locke

**Sondra Locke** (May 28, 1944 – November 3, 2018) was an American actress who was known for starring mostly in movies. She starred as Laura Lee in _The Outlaw Josey Wales_ in 1976. The following year, she played Augustina Mally in _The Gauntlet_ (1977). Locke was born in Shelbyville, Tennessee.

Locke was nominated for Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Mick Kelly in _The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter_ (1968).

Locke died in Los Angeles, California on November 3, 2018 from cardiac arrest complicated by breast and bone cancer, aged 74.
The Gauntlet

***The Gauntlet*** is a 1977 action movie. It was directed by and stars Clint Eastwood. Eastwood plays Detective Ben Shockley. Sondra Locke plays Augustina Mally. The movie is about an alcoholic police officer and a related prostitute who become caught up in ambushes by corrupt police officers. This movie was got mixed reviews from critics. It earned $36 million. The movie was released in December 1977.
Sukhoi Su-17

**Su-17 Fitter** is a Soviet attack aircraft. It first entered into the Soviet Air Forces in 1970. Its other names in other communist countries and in the Middle East are Su-20 and Su-22. It is not active in Russia any more, but it is still active in Vietnam, Syria, Yemen, Poland and Angola.