juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jordan Nikolić

**Jordan Nikolić** (; 11 May 1933 – 26 April 2018) was a Serbian folk singer. He sang traditional songs from Kosovo. He was born in Prizren, Yugoslavia. About a hundred of his voice recordings are saved in Radio Belgrade archives. Nikolić participated in Jugovizija (Yugoslavian Eurosong qualification contest) in 1976.

Nikolić died in Belgrade on 26 April 2018 from complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 84.
Earl Balfour

**Earl Frederick "Spider" Balfour** (January 4, 1933 – April 27 2018) was a Canadian NHL hockey player. He was born in Toronto, Ontario.

Balfour served as a forward from 1952 to 1961. He was a defensive forward and penalty-killing expert. Balfour won the Stanley Cup with the 1960–61 Chicago Black Hawks. He also played for the Toronto Maple Leafs. He retired after 288 games, posting 30 goals, 22 assists, 52 points and just 78 penalty minutes.

Balfour died on April 27, 2018 of prostate cancer in Guelph, Ontario, aged 85.
Esther Ofarim

**Esther Zaied**, better known by her married name **Esther Ofarim** (; born June 13, 1941), is an Israeli singer. She came second in the 1963 Eurovision Song Contest with the song "T'en vas pas", representing Switzerland. A

After marrying Abi Ofarim in 1961, she was half of the singing husband and wife duo, **Esther & Abi Ofarim**. The couple divorced in Germany in 1970. After they divorced, the duo broke up and she undertook a successful solo career.

## Other websites

- Esther's official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Esther Ofarim
- **image**: Ofarim Esther 66.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **alt**: Zaied, Esther
- **caption**: Esther Ofarim, 1966
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Esther Zaied
- **native name**: אסתר עופרים
- **native name lang**: Hebrew
- **birth place**: Safed, Mandatory Palestine, British Palestine
- **genre**: Folk music, Folk, pop, Music of Israel#Traditional Jewish Yemenite music, Jewish Yemenite
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter, musician
- **years active**: 1959–present
- **label**: Hed Arzi Music, Hed Arzi, Israphon, Philips Records, Philips, EMI Records, EMI
- **associated acts**: Abi Ofarim
Mel Lastman

**Melvin Douglas "Mel" Lastman** (March 9, 1933 – December 11, 2021), nicknamed "Mayor Mel" or "Mega City Mel", was a Canadian businessman and politician. He was the founder of the Bad Boy Furniture chain.  He served as the mayor of the former city of North York, Ontario, Canada from 1973 until 1997.

Lastman died on December 11, 2021, at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- City of Toronto, Mel Lastman profile

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: File:Mel Lastman.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **office**: 62nd Mayor of Toronto
- **term start**: January 1, 1998
- **term end**: November 30, 2003
- **predecessor**: Barbara Hall (politician), Barbara Hall
- **successor**: David Miller (Canadian politician), David Miller
- **office2**: 3rd North York, Mayor of North York
- **term start2**: January 1, 1973
- **term end2**: December 31, 1997
- **predecessor2**: Basil H. Hall
- **successor2**: Position abolished
- **birth name**: Melvin Douglas Lastman
- **birth place**: Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **death place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **party**: Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative
- **spouse**: Marilyn Bornstein
- **profession**: Businessman
- **website**: [http://www.toronto.ca/mel_lastman/index.htm City of Toronto Profile]
Mayor of Toronto

The **Mayor of Toronto** is the leader of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The mayor is directly-elected in municipal elections every four years alongside Toronto City Council.

## The office

The mayor is responsible for the administration of government services overseeing Toronto government departments and serves as the chairperson for meeting of Toronto City Council. The current mayor of Toronto is John Tory.

Art Eggleton is the longest-serving mayor of Toronto, serving from 1980 until 1991. No Toronto mayor has been removed from office. Toronto's 64th mayor, Rob Ford, lost a conflict of interest trial in 2012, and was ordered to vacate his position; but the ruling was stayed pending an appeal, which Ford won to remain in office.

## Living former mayors

As of February 17, 2023 there are six living former mayors of Toronto:

- David Crombie (1972–1978)
- John Sewell (1978–1980)
- Art Eggleton (1980–1991)
- Barbara Hall (1994–1997)
- David Miller (2003–2010)
- John Tory (2014-2023)

Rob Ford, June Rowlands and Mel Lastman are the most recent mayors that have died. Ford is the first mayor of Toronto after the amalgamation of Toronto to die.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Mayor
- **body**: Toronto
- **insignia**: Toronto, City of.svg
- **insigniacaption**: Municipal logo
- **image**: Olivia Chow at Mayoral Candidates Roundtable 2014 (cropped).jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **incumbent**: Olivia Chow
- **incumbentsince**: July 12, 2023
- **member of**: Toronto City Council
- **seat**: Toronto City Hall
- **appointer**: Direct election
- **termlength**: 4 years;
- **formation**: March 6, 1834 (historic)
December 1, 1998 (current)
- **inaugural**: (historic)
Mel Lastman (post-amalgamation)
- **salary**: Canadian dollar, CA$202,948.20
- **termlength qualified**: renewable
- **department**: Municipal government of Toronto, City of Toronto
Office of the Mayor
- **constituting instrument**: _City of Toronto Act_
- **deputy**: Deputy Mayor of Toronto, Deputy Mayor
David Crombie

**David Edward Crombie**  (born April 24, 1936) is a Canadian politician,  professor and consultant.  Crombie served as Mayor of Toronto from 1972 to 1978.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **image**: File:Former mayor David Crombie, in front of Crombie Park, 2016 03 18 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: David Crombie, 2016
- **office1**: Secretary of State for Canada
- **term start1**: June 30, 1986
- **term end1**: March 30, 1988
- **primeminister1**: Brian Mulroney
- **predecessor1**: Benoît Bouchard
- **successor1**: Lucien Bouchard
- **office2**: Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs, Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development
- **term start2**: September 17, 1984
- **term end2**: June 29, 1986
- **primeminister2**: Brian Mulroney
- **predecessor2**: Doug Frith
- **successor2**: Bill McKnight
- **office3**: Minister of Health and Welfare Canada, National Health and Welfare
- **term start3**: June 4, 1979
- **term end3**: March 2, 1980
- **primeminister3**: Joe Clark
- **predecessor3**: Monique Bégin
- **successor3**: Monique Bégin
- **riding4**: Toronto Centre, Rosedale
- **parliament4**: Canadian
- **term start4**: 1978
- **term end4**: 1988
- **predecessor4**: Donald Stovel Macdonald
- **successor4**: David MacDonald (Canadian politician), David MacDonald
- **office5**: 56th Mayor of Toronto
- **term start5**: December 1, 1972
- **term end5**: November 30, 1978
- **predecessor5**: William Dennison (Canadian politician), William Dennison
- **successor5**: Fred Beavis, acting
- **birth place**: Swansea, Toronto, Swansea, Ontario
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **party**: Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative
- **spouse**: Shirley Crombie
- **children**: Jonathan Crombie, Jonathan, Robin, Carrie
- **occupation**: Professor
Art Eggleton

**Arthur C. "Art" Eggleton**,  (born September 29, 1943) is a Canadian politician. He was a Senator representing Ontario from 2005 to 2018. He was the longest serving Mayor of Toronto, serving from 1980 to 1991.

Eggleton has held several federal government posts, including President of the Treasury Board and Minister of Infrastructure from 1993–1996, Minister for International Trade from 1996–1997, and Minister of National Defense from 1997 until 2002.

## Other websites

- Liberal Senate Forum
- Official Website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Arthur C. Eggleton
- **honorific-suffix**: Queen's Privy Council for Canada, PC
- **image**: Arthur Eggleton Defense Minister of Canada (cropped).jpg
- **imagesize**: 180px
- **office1**: Senate of Canada, Senator for Ontario
- **term start1**: March 24, 2005
- **term end1**: September 29, 2018
- **nominator1**: Paul Martin
- **appointed1**: Adrienne Clarkson
- **riding2**: York Centre
- **parliament2**: Canadian
- **term start2**: October 25, 1993
- **term end2**: June 28, 2004
- **predecessor2**: Bob Kaplan
- **successor2**: Ken Dryden
- **office3**: 59th Mayor of Toronto
- **term start3**: December 1, 1980
- **term end3**: November 30, 1991
- **predecessor3**: John Sewell
- **successor3**: June Rowlands
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **party**: Senate Liberal Caucus, Independent Liberal
- **otherparty**: Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal <small>(until 2014)</small>
- **spouse**: Camille Bacchus
- **children**: Stephanie Vass
- **residence**: Toronto
- **cabinet**: Minister of National Defence (1997–2002)
Minister for International Trade (1996–1997)
Minister responsible for Infrastructure (1993–1996)
President of the Treasury Board (1993–1996)
- **occupation**: Accountant
Jerrod Carmichael

**Jerrod Carmichael** ( ; born June 22, 1987) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and writer. Carmichael is best known for creating and playing the lead role in the semi-biographical NBC sitcom _The Carmichael Show._

## Life and career

Carmichael was born and raised in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In 2005, he graduated from Robert B. Glenn High School.

Carmichael's early comedic influences were stand-ups Richard Pryor, Bill Cosby, Sinbad, and George Carlin.

Carmichael moved to Los Angeles at the age of 20. His first time doing stand-up was an open-mic night at The Comedy Store in West Hollywood. Carmichael then appeared in the "New Faces" showcase at the 2011 Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal. Carmichael's star role was in the 2014 film _Neighbors._

He has released two stand-up HBO comedy specials: _Jerrod Carmichael: Love at the Store_ (2014) and _Jerrod Carmichael: 8_ (2017).

In June 2019, Carmichael was hired by Quentin Tarantino to co-write a film adaptation based on the _Django/Zorro_ crossover comic book series.

In 2022, Carmichael openly came out as gay.

### Movie

|Year|Title|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2014|_Neighbors_|Garf|||
|2016|_The Meddler_|Freddy|||
|2016|_Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising_|Garf|||
|2017|_The Disaster Artist_|Actor Friend|||
|2017|_Transformers: The Last Knight_|Jimmy|||
|2017|_Ferdinand_|Paco (voice)|||
|2018|_Mid-90s_|Security Guard|_Post-production_||

### Television

|Year|Title|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2013|_The Goodwin Games_|Elijah|3 episodes||
|2013|_Comedy Bang! Bang!_|Pranked Guy|Episode: "Zoe Saldana Wears a Tan Blouse & Glasses"||
|2013|_Axe Cop_|Guy (voice)|Episode: "Babysitting Uni-Baby"||
|2014|_Jerrod Carmichael: Love at the Store_|Himself|Stand-up special||
|2014–2015|_Lucas Bros Moving Co._|Jerrod (voice)|14 episodes||
|2015–2017|_The Carmichael Show_|Jerrod Carmichael|32 episodes; also creator, writer and executive producer||
|2017|_Jerrod Carmichael: 8_|Himself|Stand-up special||

### Music videos

|Year|Song|Artist|Role|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2017|"Moonlight"|Jay-Z|Ross Geller|

## Infobox (comedian)

- **embed**: yes
- **medium**: Stand-up comedy, television, film, acting, writing, producing
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **genre**: Observational comedy, satire
- **subject**: Popular culture, Pop culture, race relations


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jerrod Carmichael
- **image**: Jerrod Carmichael at the Del Monte Speakeasy (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Carmichael in May 2013
- **birth place**: Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S
Cirilo Bautista

**Cirilo F. Bautista** (July 9, 1941 – May 6, 2018) was a Filipino poet, fictionist, critic and writer of nonfiction. He was awarded with the National Artist of the Philippines award in 2014. He was born in Manila.

Bautista works include _Boneyard Breaking_, _Sugat ng Salita_, _The Archipelago_, _Telex Moon_, _Summer Suns_, _Charts_, _The Cave and Other Poems_, _Kirot ng Kataga_, and _Bullets and Roses: The Poetry of Amado V. Hernandez_. His novel _Galaw ng Asoge_ was published by the University of Santo Tomas Press in 2004.

Bautista died on May 6, 2018 in Manila of neuroendocrine cancer at the age of 76.

## Other websites

- Cirilo F. Bautista home page
- Mindanao Creative Writers Group Inc.
- U.S.T. Creative Writing Workshop, Baguio City
- About Culture and the Arts
Ben Miller

**Bennet Evan Miller** (born 24 February 1966) is an English actor, author, comedian and director. He is best known as one half of comedy double act Armstrong and Miller, with Alexander Armstrong. Miller starred in the Channel 4 sketch show _Armstrong and Miller_, as well as the BBC sketch show _The Armstrong & Miller Show_. Miller also played the lead role of Richard Poole in the first two series of the BBC Crime Drama _Death in Paradise_.

## Bibliography

- _The Boy Who Made the World Disappear_ (2019)
- _The Day I Fell into a Fairytale_ (2020)
- _How I Became a Dog Called Midnight_ (2021)
- _The Night We Got Stuck in a Story_ (2022)
- _Once Upon a Legend_ (2023)
- _Diary of a Big Bad Wolf_ (2024)

## Other websites

- _The Armstrong & Miller Show_ official website
- Ben Miller hands out his very own BAFTAs

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ben Miller
- **image**: Ben Miller.jpg
- **caption**: Miller at the 2008 BAFTA Television Awards
- **birthname**: Bennet Evan Miller
- **birth place**: London, England
- **occupation**: Actor, author, comedian, director
- **yearsactive**: 1989–present
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: St Catharine's College, Cambridge
Noah Taylor

**Noah George Taylor** (born 4 September 1969) is an English-Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as David Helfgott in _Shine_, Locke in HBO series _Game of Thrones_, Mr. Bucket in _Charlie and the Chocolate Factory_ and Danny in _He Died with a Felafel in His Hand_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Noah Taylor
- **image**: Noah Taylor (29694898461).jpg
- **caption**: Taylor in 2016
- **birth name**: Noah George Taylor
- **birth place**: London, England, U.K.
- **nationality**: British-Australian
- **occupation**: Actor and artist
- **years active**: 1987–present
- **spouse**: Dionne Harris (m. 2012)
Freddie Highmore

**Alfred Thomas "Freddie" Highmore** (born 14 February 1992) is an English Actor and Director. He is known for his film roles in _Women Talking Dirty_ (1999), _Finding Neverland_ (2004), _Charlie and the Chocolate Factory_ (2005), and _The Spiderwick Chronicles_ (2008). He has appeared as a television actor in 2 TV series: as Norman Bates in the A&E drama series _Bates Motel_ (2013–2017), and as autistic resident surgeon Dr. Shaun Murphy in _The Good Doctor_ (2017–2020) on ABC TV.

Highmore won a Saturn Award in 2007. He also twice won the Critic's Choice awards for Best Young Performer in a film.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Freddie Highmore headshot 2013.jpg
- **image size**: 220
- **caption**: Freddie Highmore at GQ Men of the Year Awards 2021
- **birth name**: Alfred Thomas Highmore
- **nationality**: English people, English
- **education**: Highgate School, London
- **alma mater**: Emmanuel College, Cambridge
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1999-present
- **father**: Edward Highmore
- **mother**: Sue Latimer
William Gillock

**William Gillock** (July 1, 1917 - September 7, 1993) was an American composer.  He was born in La Russell, Missouri. He taught music and composed piano music.

## Early life and education

Gillock studied music at Central Methodist College (called Central College at that time), in Fayette, Missouri.  His instructor was N. Louise Wright.

## Later life

He moved to New Orleans as a young man.  He taught music there for many years.  Later, he stopped teaching and moved to Texas.  In Texas, "
he was the first and only judge for the first twenty-one years of the Junior Pianists’ Guild, which involved over fourteen hundred students."

## Music

Gillock wrote piano music for children.  Some of his compositions were solo pieces, and some were ensemble pieces. He taught music at many workshops.    Because his music was very melodic, he was called "the Schubert of children’s composers."

His music is often played at piano festivals.

## Honors

Gillock was given the Award of Merit for Service to American Music by the National Federation of Music Clubs five times.

## Later life and death

He died in Dallas on September 7, 1993.

## Legacy

In March 2018, the AADGT held a piano competition in honor of Gillock.

The ABRSM exam syllabus includes his works.

## Further reading

- _Dictionary of International Biography-Men of Achievement_.
- _International Who's Who of Musicians_.
- Bona, N.J., 1995. _An Analytical Guide to Teaching and Performing Selected 'Lyric Preludes' of William Gillock_ (Doctoral dissertation, University of Miami).
- Duarte, K.S., 2004. ''The Piano Music of William Gillock (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma).
Naser Cheshm Azar

**Naser Cheshm Azar** (31 December 1950 – 4 May 2018) was an Iranian pianist, composer, and arranger. Cheshm Azar was known for his vocal music (for a singer or choir), instrumental music, electronic music, and music which combines multiple genres. He was master in classical music, musical theatre, blues, folk music, jazz, and popular music. He was born in Ardabil, Iran.

Naser Cheshm Azar died of a heart attack in Tehran on 4 May 2018 at the age of 68.

## Other websites

- Naser Cheshmazar  _dailyvideoreports.net_
- Nasser Cheshmazar _imdb.com_
- .isna.ir _.isna.ir_ _(Persian Language)_
- .irna.ir _.irna.ir_ _(Persian Language)_
Renate Dorrestein

**Renate Maria Dorrestein** (25 January 1954 – 4 May 2018) was a Dutch writer, journalist and feminist. She won the _Annie Romein_ prize in 1993. She started working as a journalist for a magazine called _Panorama_. She published her first novel (_Buitenstaanders_) in 1983. She was born in Amsterdam.

Dorrestein died on 4 May 2018 of esophageal cancer in Amsterdam at the age of 64.
Paolo Ferrari

**Paolo Ferrari** (26 February 1929 – 6 May 2018) was an Italian actor. He appeared in 45 movies between 1938 and 2018. He made his acting debut at 9 years old, in Alessandro Blasetti's _Ettore Fieramosca_. He became first known as "the balilla Paolo", a character he played in numerous radio programs for children and teenagers during the fascist era.

Ferrari died in Rome on 6 May 2018 of complications from pneumonia at the age of 89.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Paolo Ferrari.jpg
- **caption**: Paolo Ferrari in 1961
- **name**: Paolo Ferrari
- **birth place**: Brussels, Belgium
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1938-2018
Tarcisio Gitti

**Tarcisio "Ciso" Gitti** (18 April 1936 – 6 May 2018) was an Italian lawyer and politician. He was born in Gardone Val Trompia. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1979 and served until 1994.

Gitti was Undersecretary of the Treasury from 30 July 1897 to 22 July 1989, and President of COPASIR from 29 January 1991 to 22 April 1992. From 1992 to 1994, he was Vice President of the Chamber of Deputies.

Gitti died in Brescia, Italy of Parkinson's disease-related complications on 6 May 2018, aged 82.
Khaled Mohieddin

**Khaled Mohieddine** (August 17, 1922 – May 6, 2018) was an Egyptian Communist politician and a major in the Egyptian Army. He fought in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which overthrew the monarchy under King Farouk.

Mohieddine held important roles throughout Gamal Abdel Nasser's presidency. He founded the leftist political party National Progressive Union Party (Tagammu) in 1976. Under Mohieddine's leadership, Tagammu became a significant opposition force during Hosni Mubarak's rule.

Mohieeddin died on May 6, 2018 at a hospital in Cairo of congestive heart failure at the age of 95.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Khaled Mohieddine
- **image**: Khalid Muhyi al-Din-1952-54.jpg
- **birth place**: Kafr Shukr, Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt
- **death place**: Cairo, Egypt
- **occupation**: Chief editor of al-Masa (1956–59)
 Secretary of ASU Press Committee (1964–65)
 Head of NPUP (1976–)
- **rank**: Major (rank), Major
- **battles**: Egyptian Revolution of 1952
- **nationality**: Egyptian
Flula Borg

**Flula Borg** (born March 28, 1982) is a German actor, comedian, musician, and YouTube personality who is better known as **DJ Flula** or simply **Flula** (sometimes stylized as **f|u|a**). He currently lives in Los Angeles, California. Borg has appeared in several feature movies, including _Pitch Perfect 2_, and a number of popular TV shows. He has collaborated with both well-known YouTubers, including Rhett and Link, Miranda Sings, Smosh, Jacksfilms, and many more, and mainstream celebrities such as Sir Mix-A-Lot, RZA, and Dirk Nowitzki. In 2015, he was named one of _The Hollywood Reporter_s Top 25 Digital Stars as well as one of Variety's 10 Comics to Watch.

## Other websites

- Flula's official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Flula Borg
- **image**: Flula Borg Vlogbrothers 2016.jpg
- **caption**: Borg in 2016
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Flula Borg
- **birth place**: Erlangen, West Germany
- **years active**: 2007–present
- **website**: [http://www.flulaborg.com/ www.flulaborg.com]
Natalia Cordova-Buckley

**Natalia Cordova-Buckley** (born November 25, 1982) is a Mexican actress. She was born in Mexico City. Cordova-Buckley is best known for playing Elena "Yo-Yo" Rodriguez on _Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D._ and as the voice of Frida Kahlo in Disney-Pixar _Coco_ (2017).
Nabih Berri

**Nabih Berri** (; born 28 January 1938) is a Lebanese politician. He has been the Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon since 1992. He heads the Amal Movement.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nabih Berri
  نبيه بري
- **image**: Nabih Berri.jpg
- **office**: List of Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon, Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon
- **president**: Elias Hrawi
Émile Lahoud
Michel Suleiman
Michel Aoun
- **predecessor**: Hussein el-Husseini
- **term start**: 20 October 1992
- **birth place**: Bo, Sierra Leone
- **party**: Amal Movement
- **spouse**: Randa Berri
- **nationality**: Lebanese nationality law, Lebanese
- **website**: www.nabihberry.com
Saad Hariri

**Saad El-Din Rafik Al-Hariri** (; born 18 April 1970) is a Lebanese politician. He was the 33rd Prime Minister of Lebanon from December 2016 to January 2020. He was also the Prime Minister from November 2009 to June 2011.

On 29 October 2019, amid the 2019 Lebanese protests, Hariri announced his resignation, and that of his cabinet.

## Other websites

- Future Movement's Official Site
- March 14 Alliance's Official Site
- To Live and Die in Beirut, A portfolio of Saad Hariri

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Saad Al Hariri

- **image**: President of Russia Vladimir Putin & Prime Minister Lebanon Saad Hariri in Sochi, 13 September 2017 (3) (Cropped).jpg
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon, 33rd Prime Minister of Lebanon
- **president**: Michel Aoun
- **deputy**: Ghassan Hasbani
- **term start**: 18 December 2016
- **term end**: 21 January 2020
- **predecessor**: Tammam Salam
- **successor**: Hassan Diab
- **president1**: Michel Suleiman
- **deputy1**: Elias Murr
- **term start1**: 9 November 2009
- **term end1**: 13 June 2011
- **predecessor1**: Fouad Siniora
- **successor1**: Najib Mikati
- **office2**: Leader of the Future Movement, Future Movement Party
- **term start2**: 20 April 2005
- **predecessor2**: Rafic Hariri
- **birth place**: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- **citizenship**: Lebanese nationality law, Lebanese
Saudi Arabian nationality law, Saudi
French nationality law, French
- **party**: Future Movement
- **otherparty**: March 14 Alliance
- **alma mater**: Georgetown University
- **website**:

- **spouse**: Lara Al Azem (m. 1998)
- **residence**: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Émile Lahoud

**Émile Jamil Lahoud** () (born 12 January 1936) is a Lebanese politician. He was President of Lebanon from 1998 to 2007.

### Foreign honours

- : Grand Cross of the Order of Grimaldi (13 July 2001)

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Émile Lahoud

- **office**: President of Lebanon
- **honorific-suffix**: Order of Merit (Lebanon), OM National Order of the Cedar, ONC
- **image**: Lahoud in Brasil 1 (cropped).jpg
- **predecessor**: Elias Hrawi
- **primeminister**: Rafic Hariri
Selim Hoss
Rafic Hariri
Omar Karami
Najib Mikati
Fouad Siniora
- **successor**: Fouad Siniora
- **party**: Independent
- **birth place**: Baabdat, Greater Lebanon
- **alma mater**: Britannia Royal Naval College
Naval War College
- **branch**: Lebanese Navy
Lebanese Army
- **serviceyears**: 1956–1980
1980–1998
- **rank**: General
- **commands**: Commanders of the Lebanese Armed Forces, Commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces
- **battles**: Lebanese Civil War
- **term start**: 24 November 1998
- **term end**: 24 November 2007
Paul Goma

**Paul Goma** (; October 2, 1935 – March 25, 2020) was a Romanian-Moldovan writer and political critic. He was known for his activities as a dissident and leading opponent of the communist regime before 1989. After 2000, Goma has expressed opinions on World War II, the Holocaust in Romania and the Jews, claims which have led to widespread criticism for antisemitism.

On March 18, 2020, Goma was hospitalized in Paris after being infected with COVID-19. He died on March 25, 2020 from the infection, aged 84.

## Honours

- "Chevalier dans l'ordre des Arts et des Lettres" (France), 1986
- Writers' Union of Moldova's Prize for Prose, March, 1992.
- Writers' Union of Romania's Prize for Prose, May 25, 1992.
- "Honorary Citizen" by the Municipal Council of Timişoara, January 30, 2007.

## Other websites

- Paul Goma's site with downloadable recent writings

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Paul Goma
- **birth place**: Selişte, Orhei, Mana village, Kingdom of Romania
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **occupation**: Writer and dissident
- **citizenship**: Romania (1935-1977)
Moldova (2013-2020)
- **nationality**: Romanian
- **period**: 1966 to 2020
Simon MacCorkindale

**Simon Charles Pendered MacCorkindale** (12 February 1952 – 14 October 2010) was a British actor, movie director, screenwriter, composer and producer. He was born in Ely, Cambridgeshire. He was known for his roles in _Manimal_ as the lead character, _Dr. Jonathan Chase_. He also acted for the longer-running role of lawyer Greg Reardon in _Falcon Crest_.

MacCorkindale died of colorectal cancer on 14 October 2010 in London at the age of 58.
George Raft

**George Raft** (born **George Ranft**; September 26, 1901 – November 24, 1980) was an American actor, comedian and dancer. He was born in New York City.

Raft is mostly known for his gangster roles in the original _Scarface_ (1932), _Each Dawn I Die_ (1939), and Billy Wilder's 1959 comedy _Some Like It Hot_, as a dancer in _Bolero_ (1934), and a truck driver in _They Drive by Night_ (1940).

Raft died in Los Angeles, California of leukemia on November 24, 1980 at the age of 79.

## Other websites

- George Raft's FBI File at Internet Archive
- George Raft profile, Virtual-History.com
Buona Vista MRT station

**Buona Vista MRT station (EW21/CC22)** is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) interchange station on the East West Line and Circle Line in Queenstown, Singapore. This station is in close proximity to One-North, a high technology business parks made up of biomedical science, infocomm technology and media industries.

## History

Buona Vista station opened on 12 March 1988, as part of Phase 1B of the MRT line which runs from Outram Park to Clementi.

In the late 1990s to early 2000s, a temporary overhead bridge was built across North Buona Vista Road, leading into the concourse level.

With the construction of the Circle Line from 11 January 2005, the bridge was demolished and replaced with a newer one. The second storey of the EW Line station was also converted into a transfer level between the two lines. The Circle Line part was opened on October 8, 2011, while the two new exits share the same location as the original one.

Following the 25 March 2006 accident, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) made the decision in 2008 to install Platform Screen Doors in this station, whereby operations commenced on 10 June 2011.

The lifts were upgraded in August 2009 and had been the last station to be barrier-free, due to the big size of the station. Buona Vista MRT station is the second station to serve as an interchange between an above and underground MRT line, with the first being Paya Lebar. The station is fitted with high-volume low-speed fans, which commenced operations on 25 June 2012, the same day as the fans at Commonwealth.

## Art in Transit

The artwork featured under the Art in Transit programme is _The Tree of Life_ by Gilles Massot. Located on the lift shaft in the underground station, the artwork depicts a eucalyptus tree located at the nearby Kent Ridge Park that has been digitally edited to create an effect similar to David Hockney's photo montages. The tree also represents the jungle greenery which used to exist next to the above-ground station and is a result of the deep impression left on the artist of the landscape and view of the area.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **image**: Interior of the Circle Line section of Buona Vista MRT Station, Singapore - 20110820.jpg
- **image caption**: Interior of the Circle Line Buona Vista MRT station.
- **address**: 100 North Buona Vista Road
Singapore 139345 (EWL)
150 North Buona Vista Road
Singapore 139350 (CCL)
- **other**: Bus, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated (East West Line)
Underground (Circle Line)
- **platform**: 4 (2 island platforms)
- **levels**: 2
- **tracks**: 4
- **parking**: Yes (The Star Vista, Rochester Mall)
- **bicycle**: Yes
- **opened**: (East West Line)
 (Circle Line)
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation) (East West and Circle Lines)
- **former**: North Buona Vista
Wilson Frost

**Wilson Frost** (December 27, 1925 – May 5, 2018) was an American politician. He served as Chicago alderman of the 34th Ward. In 1976, upon the death of longtime mayor Richard J. Daley, Frost declared that he was acting mayor.

In a power struggle that lasted several days, the entirely Democratic Chicago City Council determined that Frost was incorrect in his claim, and appointed Alderman Michael Anthony Bilandic as acting mayor instead. If he had been elected mayor, Wilson Frost would have been Chicago's first African American mayor. He was born in Cairo, Illinois.

Frost died on May 5, 2018 in Palm Desert, California at the age of 92.
Ray Szmanda

**Raymond Jack Szmanda, Sr.** (June 22, 1926 – May 6, 2018) was an American radio and television announcer. He became well known for his "Menards Guy," commercial role who has advertised for the home improvement store for more than 20 years. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Szmanda once appeared in a 1970s science fiction movie, _The Alpha Incident_ as the Official.  He also hosted the Wausau version of _High Quiz Bowl._

Szmanda died on May 6, 2018 in Antigo, Wisconsin of pneumonia caused by a fall at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Ray Szmanda's Website
Chase Bank

**JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.**, also known as **Chase Bank**, is a national bank headquartered in Manhattan, New York City. The bank was known as Chase Manhattan Bank until it merged with J.P. Morgan & Co. in 2000. Chase Manhattan Bank was formed by the merger of the Chase National Bank and The Manhattan Company in 1955.

The bank has been headquartered in Columbus, Ohio since its merger with Bank One Corporation in 2004. The bank acquired the deposits and most assets of Washington Mutual. The current CEO of the bank is Jamie Dimon.

Chase offers more than 5,100 branches and 16,000 ATMs nationwide. JPMorgan Chase & Co. has 250,355 employees (as of 2016) and operates in more than 100 countries. JPMorgan Chase & Co. had assets of US$2.49 trillion in 2016.

JPMorgan Chase is one of the largest banks of the United States.
Timeline of prehistoric Britain

Events from the **prehistory of Britain** (to 1 BC). The entries are backed by modern research in archaeology.

## Events

- c. **950,000** or **840,000** BC
    - 2010. Flints worked in south-eastern  Britain.
- c. **800,000** BC
    - Happisburgh early flint workings; footprints.
- c. **700,000** BC
    - Pakefield early flint workings.
- c. **500,000** BC
    - Eartham Pit, Boxgrove the oldest known human remains found in Britain.
- c. **250,000** BC
    - Swanscombe Man (actually a woman), the second oldest known human remains found in Britain.
- c. **180,000** BC
    - English Channel forms, separating Britain from the mainland.
- c. **26,000** BC
    - Cave-dwelling Upper Paleolithic peoples in Britain.
- c. **10,000** BC
    - Last Ice Age ends.
- c. **8300** BC
    - Mesolithic period begins.
    - Cheddar Man, the oldest complete human skeleton found in Britain.
- c**. 7600** BC
    - Howick house in Northumberland, a Mesolithic building.
- c. **4000** BC
    - Neolithic period begins in Britain, introducing the first agriculture.
- c. **3000** BC
    - First henge monuments.
- c. **2600** BC
    - Main phase of construction at Stonehenge begins, replacing earlier wooden and earthen works.
- c. **2300** BC
    - Arrival of the Beaker People in Britain.
- c. **1800** BC
    - Wessex culture brings bronze-working to Britain.
- c. **1600** BC
    - Last construction at Stonehenge.
- c. **1400** BC
    - Wessex culture replaced by more agrarian peoples; stone circles and early hillforts produced.
- c. **800** BC
    - Celts bring iron working to Britain; Hallstatt Culture.
- c. **400** BC
    - Parisi tribe from northern France settle in Yorkshire.
    - First brochs constructed.
- c. **330** BC
    - Pytheas of Massilia circumnavigates Britain.
- c. **300** BC
    - La Tene artwork introduced from northern France.
- c. **100** BC
    - First wave of Belgic invaders settle in the south-east, establishing the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes tribes.
    - First coins introduced.
- c. **80** BC
    - Second wave of Belgic invaders settle in Sussex, Berkshire, and Hampshire, establishing the Atrebates and Regnenses tribes.
- **55** BC
    - Commius, chieftain of the Atrebates, captured by the British after serving as an envoy to Rome.
    - 26 August – Julius Caesar lands between Deal and Walmer, wins skirmishes against the British, and frees Commius.
    - 31 August – Britons in war-chariots defeat the Romans. Romans return to Gaul.
- **54** BC
    - July – Julius Caesar invades Britain and defeats the Catuvellauni under Cassivellaunus.
    - September – Tribute fixed, and peace agreed between the Catevellauni and the Trinovantes, allied with Rome. Romans return to Gaul.
- **50** BC
    - Fleeing to Britain after a failed revolt in Gaul, Commius becomes chieftain of the Atrebates.
- **34** BC
    - Emperor Octavian makes an alliance with the Atrebates and Trinovantes.
- c. **25** BC
    - Tincommius, leader of the Atrebates, issues Roman-style coinage.
Swanscombe Heritage Park

**Swanscombe Heritage Park** or **Swanscombe Skull Site** is a  geological Site of Special Scientific Interest Swanscombe in north-west Kent. The site has two Geological Conservation Review sites, and a National Nature Reserve.

The park is in a former gravel quarry, Barnfield Pit. The area was already famous for numerous Palaeolithic-era handaxes—mostly Acheulean and Clactonian artifacts, some as much as 400,000 years old.

In 1935/1936 work at Barnfield Pit uncovered two fossilised skull fragments. These fragments were the remains of **Swanscombe Man**. The bones were later found to have belonged to a young woman. The Swanscombe skull were early Neanderthal, dating to the Hoxnian Interglacial around 400,000 years ago.

They are one of only two sites in Britain which have yielded Lower Palaeolithic human fossils, together with the 500,000-year-old _Homo heidelbergensis_ leg bones and teeth at Boxgrove.

The skull fragments were found in the lower middle terrace gravels at a depth of almost eight metres beneath the surface. Further excavations, carried out between 1968-1972 uncovered more animal bone and flint tools, and established the extent of a former shoreline that the bones were found on.

Most of the bone finds are now in the Natural History Museum in London, and the stone finds are at the British Museum. The other key paleolithic sites in the UK are Happisburgh, Pakefield, Pontnewydd, Kents Cavern, Paviland, and Gough's Cave.
Happisburgh

**Happisburgh**, pronounced "Hazeborough", is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is on the coast, to the east of a north-south road, the B1159. Its population is under 1,000.

This small place became a site of national archaeological importance in 2010. Flint tools over 800,000 years old were unearthed. This is the oldest evidence of human occupation anywhere in the UK. In May 2013, a series of early human footprints were discovered on the beach at the site, providing direct evidence of early human activity at the site. Rough seas had eroded the sandy beach. This uncovered some elongated hollows.

## Related pages

- Timeline of prehistoric Britain

## Infobox (uk place)

- **official name**: Happisburgh
- **country**: England
- **region**: East of England
- **shire district**: North Norfolk
- **shire county**: Norfolk
- **civil parish**: Happisburgh
- **static image**: Happisburgh Village Sign cropped.png
- **static image width**: 240px
- **static image caption**: Happisburgh village sign
- **population**: 889
- **area total km2**: 9.63
- **population ref**: ONS and Norfolk CC United Kingdom Census 2001, 2011 census
- **os grid reference**: TG 39 31
- **label position**: left
- **post town**: NORWICH
- **postcode area**: NR
- **postcode district**: NR12
- **dial code**: 01692
- **constituency westminster**: North Norfolk (UK Parliament constituency), North Norfolk
Firuz Shah Tughluq

**Sultan Firuz Shah Tughluq** (1309 – 20 September 1388) was a Muslim ruler of the Tughluq Dynasty, who reigned over the Delhi Sultanate from 1351 to 1388.

His father's name was Rajab (the younger brother of Ghazi Malik) who had the title: _Sipahsalar_. He succeeded his cousin Muhammad bin Tughlaq following the latter's death in 1351 at Thatta in Sindh, where Muhammad bin Tughlaq had gone in pursuit of Taghi the Muslim ruler of Gujarat. For the first time in the history of Delhi Sultanate, a situation was confronted wherein nobody was ready to accept the reins of power. With much difficulty, the camp followers convinced Firuz to accept the responsibility. In fact, Khawaja Jahan, the Wazir of Muhammad bin Tughlaq had placed a small boy on throne claiming him to be the son of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, who meekly surrendered afterwards. Firuz Shah Tughlaq thereafter reigned upon the throne of Delhi and took control of the Delhi Sultanate. Due to widespread unrest, his realm was much smaller than Muhammad's. Tughlaq was forced by rebellions to concede virtual independence to Bengal and other provinces. However, he reconquered Bengal in 1364. Firuz Shah Tughlaq was a religious Sunni Muslim who established Sharia across his entire sultanate. In Delhi, Firuz Shah Tughlaq constructed a jamia masjid called Jamia-i-Miri (_mosque of miri_) and asked all the Muslim scholars (ulama) and mystics to assemble there for the Friday prayers.

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Firoz Shah Tughlaq
- **title**: Malik Feroz ibn Malik Rajab
Sultan of Delhi
- **image**: Firoz Shah Taghlak.jpg
- **caption**: Firuz Shah Tughluq
- **reign**: 1351– 20 September 1388
- **predecessor**: Muhammad bin Tughluq
- **successor**: Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq II
- **dynasty**: Tughlaq Dynasty
- **father**: Malik Rajjab
- **mother**: Bibi Naila
- **birth date**: 1309
- **death date**: 20 September 1388  (aged 79)
- **death place**: Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh
- **place of burial**: Hauz Khas Complex, Delhi
- **religion**: Islam
Alpine orogeny

The **Alpine orogeny** (sometimes **Alpide orogeny**) is the building of mountain ranges in central and southern Europe and west Asia.
This mountain-building phase started in the later Mesozoic era. It happened as the two large continents Africa and India (plus a smaller plates) moved north and collided with Eurasia. This happened at the end of the Mesozoic era, and is slowly continuing today.

So this slow collision sqeezed the Eurasian plates, and caused mountains to build from the western edge far into Asia. These are the mountain ranges of the Alpide belt. They include (from west to east) the Atlas, the Rif, the Baetic Cordillera, the Cantabrian Mountains, the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennine Mountains, the Dinaric Alps, the Hellenides, the Carpathian Mountains, the Balkan Mountains, the Taurus, the Armenian Highlands, the Caucasus, the Alborz, the Zagros, the Hindu Kush, the Pamir, the Karakoram, and the Himalayas.

The Alpine orogeny also led to more distant and smaller geological features such as the chalk hills in southern England and northern France (the 'Weald–Artois Anticline'). The remains of this can be seen in the chalk ridges of the North and South Downs in southern England. Its effects are visible on the Isle of Wight, where the chalk and overlying Eocene strata are folded to near-vertical, as seen at Alum Bay and Whitecliff Bay, and on the Dorset coast near Lulworth Cove.

The Alpine orogeny was the last of the three major phases of orogeny in Europe that made its geology. The Caledonian orogeny which formed the Old Red Sandstone continent was the first. The second was the Variscan orogeny. That was when Pangaea formed as Gondwana and the Old Red Sandstone continent collided in the middle to late Palaeozoic.
Rockstar North

**Rockstar North Limited** (former **DMA Design Limited**) is a Scottish video game developer based in Edinburgh, Scotland.

The company was founded as **Acme Software** in Dundee in 1984.  The founders were classmates David Jones, Russell Kay, Steve Hammond, and Mike Dailly. It was renamed DMA Design in 1987. During its early years, the publishing company Psygnosis backed DMA Design, and it focused mainly on making games for the Amiga, Atari ST and Commodore 64 game systems. During this time, DMA created successful shooters such as _Menace_ and _Blood Money_, but it soon turned to platform games after the release of _Lemmings_ in 1991. _Lemmings_ was an international success and led to several sequels and spin-offs. After developing _Unirally_ for Nintendo, DMA Design was set to become one of their main second-party developers, but this partnership ended after Nintendo's disapproval of _Body Harvest_.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Rockstar Games UK Limited
- **logo**: Rockstar North Logo.svg
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **industry**: Video game industry
- **founded**: in Dundee, Scotland
- **hq location city**: Edinburgh
- **hq location country**: Scotland
- **num employees**: 360+
- **num employees year**: 2013
Charles W. Steger

**Charles William Steger Jr.** (June 16, 1947 – May 6, 2018) was an American architect and engineer. He was the 15th president of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States.

Steger was President during the Virginia Tech massacre of April 16, 2007, in which 32 people were killed and another 17 were injured by Seung-Hui Cho in two buildings on opposite sides of the sprawling campus. Steger called the shootings "a tragedy of monumental proportions."

On May 14, 2013, Steger announced that he would step down as the President of Virginia Tech. He was succeeded on June 1, 2014 by Timothy D. Sands, Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost at Purdue University.

Steger died on May 6, 2018 in his home in Blacksburg, Virginia at the age of 70.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Charles W. Steger
- **image**: Charles Steger ECU.jpg
- **order**: 15th
- **title**: President of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- **term start**: January 7, 2000
- **term end**: May 31, 2014
- **predecessor**: Paul Torgersen, Paul E. Torgersen
- **successor**: Timothy Sands, Timothy D. Sands
- **birthname**: Charles William Steger Jr.
- **birth place**: Richmond, Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Blacksburg, Virginia, Blacksburg, Virginia, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Virginia Tech
- **signature**: Charles Steger signature.png
Ermanno Olmi

**Ermanno Olmi** (24 July 1931 – 5 May 2018) was an Italian movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Bergamo, Italy. He was best known for his movie _The Tree of Wooden Clogs_ (L'Albero degli zoccoli), which was awarded the Palme d'Or at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival. In 1983 his movie _Walking, Walking_ was screened out of competition at Cannes.

Olmi died of complications from Guillain–Barré syndrome in Asiago, Italy on 5 May 2018 at the age of 86.
Jesús Kumate Rodríguez

**Jesús Kumate Rodríguez** (13 November 1924 – 7 May 2018) was a Mexican physician and politician. He was born in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico. He served as the Secretary of Health during the Presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari from 1988 to 1994. He was awarded Legion of Honour, _Chevalier_ and _Officier_. His family were immigrants from Japan.

Kumate Rodríguez died of respiratory failure in Mexico City on 7 May 2018 at the age of 93.

## Other websites

- _Curriculum Vitae_ – Jesús Kumate Rodríguez
Won't You Be My Neighbor? (movie)

***Won't You Be My Neighbor?*** is a 2018 documentary movie directed by Morgan Neville. It is about the life and philosophy of Fred Rogers, the host and creator of _Mister Rogers' Neighborhood_. The trailer was released on what would have been Rogers' 90th birthday, March 20, 2018.

## Release

The movie premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival and was released on June 8, 2018. The movie received very good reviews and has a 99% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

It has made $22 million in the box office making it the highest grossing biographical-documentary of all time.

## Awards

It was nominated for numerous awards, won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary Feature, and was chosen by _Time_ magazine as one of its top ten films of 2018.

## Background

In November 2018, Morgan revealed that the original title of the movie was _The Radical Mister Rogers_, but after the election of Donald Trump, the term "radical" had a negative connotation according to Morgan.

PBS aired the movie on February 9, 2019, as part of the network's _Independent Lens_ series.

On July 27, 2018 the movie became the highest-grossing biographical documentary of all-time, and on August 12 passed _Bowling for Columbine_ to become the 12th-highest-grossing documentary overall.

## Cast

- Joanne Rogers as herself.
- François Clemmons as himself.
- Yo-Yo Ma as himself.
- Joe Negri as himself.
- Tom Junod as himself.
- David Newell as himself.
- Fred Rogers as himself in archival recordings.

## Related pages

- _A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood_
Joe Negri

**Joseph Harold Negri** (born June 10, 1926) is an American jazz guitarist and educator. He is best known for starring as "Handyman Negri" in _Mister Rogers' Neighborhood_.

He appeared on the 1959 children's television program _Adventure Time_. He also worked closely with Fred Rogers while his career was based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Negri appeared, along with pianist and fellow Pennsylvanian Johnny Costa, on the 1954 TV series, _67 Melody Lane_, hosted by Ken Griffin. They played two songs: "After You've Gone" and "Little Brown Jug" the latter accompanied by Griffin at the organ. He also recorded with the Three Suns.

## Other websites

- Official site

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Joe Negri
- **image**: Joe Negri.jpg
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Joseph Harold Negri
- **birth place**: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **genre**: Jazz
- **occupation**: Musician, educator
- **instrument**: Guitar
- **years active**: 1929–present