juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Somerville, Massachusetts

**Somerville** ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is directly to the northwest of Boston.

As of 2020, the United States Census lists the city with a total population of 81,045 people, making it the most densely populated municipality in New England. As of 2020, it was the 19th most densely populated incorporated municipality in the country. It was founded in 1842, when it was separated from Charlestown.

Cartoonist Paul Ryan and football player Howie Long were born here.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Somerville Chamber of Commerce
- Somerville Community Corporation

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Somerville, Massachusetts
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: DavisSqSomervilleMass20040313.jpg
- **image caption**: Davis Square, Somerville
- **image seal**: Seal of Somerville, Massachusetts.svg
- **motto**: "Municipal Freedom Gives National Strength"
- **image map**: Middlesex County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Somerville highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
- **pushpin map**: Massachusetts#USA
- **pushpin label**: Somerville
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Massachusetts, County
- **subdivision name2**: Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Middlesex
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1629
- **established title2**: Purchased
- **established date2**: 1639
- **established title3**: Incorporated <small>(town)</small>
- **established date3**: 1842
- **established title4**: Incorporated <small>(city)</small>
- **established date4**: 1872
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 10.94
- **area total sq mi**: 4.22
- **area land km2**: 10.68
- **area land sq mi**: 4.12
- **area water km2**: 0.26
- **area water sq mi**: 0.10
- **elevation m**: 4
- **elevation ft**: 12
- **population total**: 81045
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 7588.17
- **population density sq mi**: 19652.04
- **population demonym**: Somervillian, Villen
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 02143–02145
- **area code**: Area code 617, 617 / Area code 857, 857
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 25-62535
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS ID
- **blank1 info**: 0612815
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **subdivision type3**: List of regions in the United States, Region
- **subdivision name3**: New England
Munich, North Dakota

**Munich** is a city in Cavalier County in the state of North Dakota, United States. The population was 190 at the 2020 census.

It was founded in 1904 and is named after the German city of Munich.
Constitution Party (United States)

The **Constitution Party**, previously known as the **U.S. Taxpayers' Party**, is a national political party in the United States. It promotes American nationalism, paleoconservatism, Christian values, the anti-abortion movement, and greater attention to the U.S. Constitution. It has around 100,000 members.

### Presidential

|Year|width=180|Candidate|Votes|width=50|%|+/– %||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|rowspan=3|Howard Phillips|align=right|43,369|align=right|0.04%|N/A|
|1996|align=right|184,656|align=right|0.19%|align=center|0.15||
|2000|align=right|98,020|align=right|0.09%|align=center|0.10||
|2004|Michael Peroutka|align=right|143,630|align=right|0.12%|align=center|0.03|
|2008|Chuck Baldwin|align=right|199,750|align=right|0.15%|align=center|0.03|
|2012|Virgil Goode|align=right|122,389|align=right|0.09%|align=center|0.06|
|2016|Darrell Castle|align=right|203,090|align=right|0.15%|align=center|0.06|
|2020|Don Blankenship|60,080|0.04|0.11||||
|2024|Randall Terry|N/A|N/A|N/A||||

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Constitution Party
- **colorcode**: #A356DE
- **leader1 title**: Chairperson
- **leader1 name**: Frank Fluckiger
- **founded**: 1991
- **headquarters**: Lancaster, Pennsylvania, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
- **membership**: 97,893
- **country**: United States
- **ideology**: Christian right
Conservatism in the United States, Conservatism
Fiscal conservatism
Paleoconservatism
Social conservatism in the United States, Social conservatism
- **position**: Right-wing
Willem Janszoon

**Willem Janszoon Blaeu** (; ), sometimes abbreviated to **Willem Jansz**, was a Dutch navigator and colonial governor.  Willem was one of the first people to find Australia before Captain James Cook found it.
Princess Eugenie

**Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank** (Eugenie Victoria Helena; born 23 March 1990), is a member of the British royal family. She is the younger daughter of Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor and Sarah Ferguson. She is a granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II. Since July 2021, Eugenie has been eleventh in the line of succession to the British throne.

## Early life

Princess Eugenie was born at The Portland Hospital for Women and Children in London. She is the second child of Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor and Sarah Ferguson. She has one sister, Princess Beatrice. She baptised at St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham.

## Personal life

Princess Eugenie married Jack Brooksbank on 12 October 2018 at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. First child, August Brooksbank, was born in 9 February 2021 at Portland Hospital. She gave birth to a second son, Ernest George Ronnie Brooksbank, on 30 May 2023 at Portland Hospital in London.

## Titles

- 23 March 1990 – 12 October 2018: Her Royal Highness Princess Eugenie of York
- 12 October 2018 – present: Her Royal Highness Princess Eugenie, Mrs. Jack Brooksbank

## Infobox (person)

- **embed**: yes
- **alma mater**: Newcastle University


## Infobox (royalty)

- **image**: Princess Eugenie, 2017.jpg
- **caption**: Princess Eugenie in 2017
- **birth name**: Princess Eugenie of York
- **birth place**: Portland Hospital, London, England
- **issue**: August Brooksbank Ernest Brooksbank
- **full name**: Eugenie Victoria Helena
- **house**: House of Windsor, Windsor
- **father**: Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor
- **mother**: Sarah Ferguson
- **religion**: Church of England
Small intestine cancer

In oncology, **small intestine cancer**, also **small bowel cancer** and **cancer of the small bowel**, is a cancer of the small intestine. It is rare compared to other gastrointestinal cancers such as stomach cancer and colorectal cancer.

Small intestine cancer can be subdivided into duodenal cancer (the first part of the small intestine) and cancer of the jejunum and ileum (the later two parts of the small intestine).

Duodenal cancer has more in common with stomach cancer, while cancer of the jejunum and ileum have more in common with colorectal cancer. The Five year survival rates are 65%.
Armando Merodio

**Armando Merodio Pesquera** (23 August 1935 – 21 June 2018) was a Spanish footballer. He was known for playing with Athletic Bilbao between 1958 and 1963.

Merodio died on 21 June 2018 from congestive heart failure in Barcelona, aged 82.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Armando Merodio
- **fullname**: Armando Merodio Pesquera
- **birth place**: Barcelona, Spain
- **death place**: Bilbao, Spain
- **position**: Forward (association football)#Striker, Striker
- **youthclubs1**: Gallarta
- **youthclubs2**: CD Getxo, Getxo
- **youthclubs3**: Amurrio Club, Amurrio
- **years1**: 1954–1956
- **clubs1**: Barakaldo CF, Barakaldo
- **caps1**: 22
- **goals1**: 4
- **years2**: 1956–1963
- **clubs2**: Athletic Bilbao
- **caps2**: 88
- **goals2**: 35
- **years3**: 1963–1965
- **clubs3**: Real Murcia, Murcia
- **caps3**: 55
- **goals3**: 13
- **years4**: 1965–1966
- **clubs4**: Recreativo de Huelva, Recreativo
- **caps4**: 9
- **goals4**: 2
- **years5**: 1966–1967
- **clubs5**: SD Indautxu, Indautxu
- **caps5**: 15
- **goals5**: 3
- **totalcaps**: 189
- **totalgoals**: 57
- **nationalyears1**: 1953
- **nationalteam1**: Spain national under-18 football team, Spain U18
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
Édouard-Jean Empain

**Édouard-Jean, 3rd Baron Empain** (7 October 1937 – 21 June 2018)
was a French-Belgian industrialist. He was best known by the general public for his kidnapping in 1978.

Between 1969 and 1981, Baron Empain was CEO of the Schneider group (Schneider-Empain).

On 23 January 1978, Baron Empain, was picked up as usual from his home. The car was later blocked and several armed men removed the driver from the vehicle and bundled him into the van, while the Baron was quickly handcuffed and the kidnappers made off in his car. He would be released two months later to police officials in March. The kidnappers were arrested.

Baron Empain died in Paris on 21 June 2018 from thyroid cancer, aged 80.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Édouard-Jean Empain
- **title**: Baron
- **birth name**: Édouard-Jean Empain
- **birth place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **nationality**: France, French-Belgium, Belgian
- **spouse**: Silvana Betuzzi (1957–1978)
Jacqueline Ragonaux (m. 1990)
- **children**: 3
- **occupation**: Industrialist
Peter Hardeman Burnett

**Peter Hardeman Burnett** (November 15, 1807 – May 17, 1895) was an American politician. He was the first Governor of California, Burnett was also a white supremacist. He tried to ban black people from California and supported genocide of the state's indigenous peoples. He was Governor from December 20, 1849 to January 9, 1851. He was also the first California Governor to resign.

## Other websites

- Peter Hardeman Burnett at the Roman Catholic Encyclopedia
- Peter Burnett biography at the California State Library
- Guide to the Peter H. Burnett Papers at The Bancroft Library
- He wrote this book in 1860 and can be read for free at Google Books  The path which led a Protestant lawyer to the Catholic Church
- Peter H. Burnett. California Supreme Court Historical Society. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
- Past & Present Justices. California State Courts. Retrieved July 19, 2017.

## Infobox (politician)

- **image**: Peter H. Burnett (cleaned up).jpg
- **name**: Peter Hardeman Burnett
- **order**: 1st
- **office**: Governor of California
- **term start**: December 20, 1849
- **term end**: January 9, 1851
- **lieutenant**: John McDougall (California politician), John McDougall
- **predecessor**: Bennet C. Riley
- **successor**: John McDougall
- **office2**: List of Oregon judges, 5th Supreme Judge of the Provisional Government of Oregon
- **term start2**: September 6, 1845
- **term end2**: December 29, 1846
- **predecessor2**: James Nesmith
- **successor2**: Jesse Quinn Thornton
- **office3**: Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court
- **term start3**: January 13, 1857
- **term end3**: October 12, 1857
- **appointer3**: Governor J. Neely Johnson
- **predecessor3**: Solomon Heydenfeldt
- **successor3**: Stephen J. Field
- **birth place**: Nashville, Tennessee
- **death place**: San Francisco, California
- **spouse**: Harriet Rogers
- **profession**: Author, lawyer, politician, failed general store owner, failed saw mill owner, failed farmer and failed distiller
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **signature**: Peter Burnett Signature.svg
Bill Speakman

**William Speakman-Pitt**, VC (21 September 1927 – 20 June 2018), known as **Bill Speakman**, was a British Army soldier and a recipient of the Victoria Cross. He was the first person to receive an honor from Queen Elizabeth II.

Speakman died on 20 June 2018, aged 90.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Bill Speakman
- **image**: Bill Speakman VC.JPG
- **caption**: Private Bill Speakman in Korea
- **birth place**: Altrincham, Cheshire, England
- **death place**: London, England
- **allegiance**: United Kingdom
- **branch**: British Army
- **serviceyears**: 1945–1967
- **rank**: Sergeant
- **unit**: Black Watch
King's Own Scottish Borderers (att'h)
Special Air Service
- **battles**: Korean War
Malayan Emergency
Indonesian Confrontation
Aden Emergency
- **awards**: Victoria Cross
Order of Military Merit (South Korea), Taegeuk Cordon of the Order of Military Merit (South Korea)
Ernie Hunt

**Roger Patrick "Ernie" Hunt** (17 March 1943 – 20 June 2018) was an English footballer. He played in the Football League for Swindon Town, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Everton, Coventry City, Doncaster Rovers and Bristol City, and for the Los Angeles Wolves in the United Soccer Association.

At international level, he was capped three times for the England under-23 team.

Hunt died in Gloucestershire on 20 June 2018 of complications from Alzheimer's disease, aged 75.

## Other websites

- League stats at Neil Brown's site
- Stats and photo at Sporting Heroes

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ernie Hunt
- **fullname**: Roger Patrick Hunt
- **birth place**: Swindon, England
- **death place**: Gloucestershire, England
- **position**: Inside forward
- **youthyears1**: 1957–1959
- **youthclubs1**: Swindon Town F.C., Swindon Town
- **years1**: 1959–1965
- **clubs1**: Swindon Town F.C., Swindon Town
- **caps1**: 214
- **goals1**: 82
- **years2**: 1965–1967
- **clubs2**: Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C., Wolverhampton Wanderers
- **caps2**: 74
- **goals2**: 32
- **years3**: 1967
- **clubs3**: → Los Angeles Wolves
- **caps3**: 10
- **goals3**: 4
- **years4**: 1967–1968
- **clubs4**: Everton F.C., Everton
- **caps4**: 14
- **goals4**: 3
- **years5**: 1968–1973
- **clubs5**: Coventry City F.C., Coventry City
- **caps5**: 146
- **goals5**: 45
- **years6**: 1973
- **clubs6**: → Doncaster Rovers F.C., Doncaster Rovers (loan)
- **caps6**: 9
- **goals6**: 1
- **years7**: 1973–1974
- **clubs7**: Bristol City F.C., Bristol City
- **caps7**: 12
- **goals7**: 2
- **years8**: 1974–?
- **clubs8**: Atherstone Town F.C., Atherstone Town
- **clubs9**: Ledbury Town F.C., Ledbury Town
- **nationalyears1**: 1963–1966
- **nationalteam1**: England national under-23 football team, England U23
- **nationalcaps1**: 3
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Paul John Marx

**Bishop Paul John Marx, M.S.C.** (12 March 1935 – 19 June 2018) was a French-born Papua New Guinean Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Mutzig, France. He was the bishop of Kerema, Papua New Guinea from 6 December 1988 until 13 March 2010.

He was ordained by Archbishop Peter Kurongku as Priest Priest of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Kerema on 13 December 1985 and as Bishop of Kerema on 6 December 1988.

Marx died in Kerema on 19 June 2018 of cardiomyopathy at the age of 83.

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy
Jack Laxer

**Jack Laxer** (1927– June 12, 2018) was an American photographer. He was best known for his work in stereoscopy. His photographs of California modern architecture have been published in magazines and books, displayed in museums.

Beginning in 1951 he documented the designs of Louis Armet and Eldon Davis including Norms, Pann’s, and the Holiday Bowl. These images were included in Alan Hess’s book _Googie: Fifties Coffee Shop Architecture_, setting off a revival of interest in the style beginning in the 1980s.

Laxer died on June 12, 2018 in Culver City, California from pneumonia at the age of 91.
Theodore J. Sophocleus

**Theodore Jameson Sophocleus** (May 28, 1939 – June 8, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a pharmacist and a drug store chain executive. Sophocleus served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1993 to 1995 and again from 1999 until his death in 2018.

Sophocleus died of heart failure at a Baltimore hospital on June 8, 2018 at the age of 79.
Ravensburg

**Ravensburg** is a town in Upper Swabia in southern Germany. It is the capital of the district of Ravensburg, Baden-Württemberg.

As of 2002, it has about 48,000 people.

Ravensburg was first mentioned in 1088. In the Middle Ages, it was an Imperial Free City and an important trading centre. The "Great Ravensburg Trading Society" (_Große Ravensburger Handelsgesellschaft_) owned shops and trading companies all over Europe.

The historic town centre is still very much intact, including three town gates and over 10 towers of the medieval fortification.

The town's most popular festival is the "Rutenfest" in mid year.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Rutenfest
- Blaserturm.de
- More images of Ravensburg

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Ravensburg vom Sennerbad 2005.jpg
- **image caption**: Ravensburg, seen from the west
- **image coa**: Wappen Ravensburg.svg
- **image plan**: Ravensburg in RV.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Tübingen Government Region, Tübingen
- **district**: Ravensburg (district), Ravensburg
- **gemeindeverwaltungsverband**: Mittleres Schussental
- **elevation**: 450
- **area**: 92.04
- **population**: 47690
- **stand**: 2005-12-31
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08436064
- **postal code**: 88212–88214
- **area code**: 0751
- **licence**: RV
- **mayor**: Daniel Rapp
- **bürgermeistertitel**: Oberbürgermeister
- **party**: CDU


## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**: _Paritätische Reichsstadt Ravensburg_
- **conventional long name**: Mixed Imperial City of Ravensburg
- **common name**: Ravensburg
- **era**: Middle Ages
- **status**: City-state
- **empire**: Holy Roman Empire
- **government type**: Republic
- **year start**: 1276
- **year end**: 1803
- **event pre**: City founded
- **date pre**: before 1088
- **event start**: Gained _Reichsfreiheit_
- **event end**: German Mediatisation, Mediatised to Electorate of Bavaria, Bavaria
- **event post**: Acquired by Kingdom of Württemberg, Württemberg
- **date post**: 1810
- **p1**: Duchy of Spoleto
- **s1**: Electorate of Bavaria
- **flag s1**: Flag of Bavaria (lozengy).svg
- **capital**: Ravensburg
Hurricane Bud (2018)

**Hurricane Bud** was a severe Pacific hurricane in June 2018. The storm struck Baja California Peninsula and Northwestern Mexico. Bud was an unusual Category 4 hurricane when it hit Baja California Peninsula.

At her peak, Bud had winds of .
V354 Cephei

**V354 Cephei** is a red supergiant star that is 9,000 light years away from the Sun. It has a diameter that is between 690 and 1,520 times bigger than the Sun. This means it is among the largest known stars. It is in the constellation Cepheus.

## Related pages

- T Cephei
- Mu Cephei
- MY Cephei
- RW Cephei
- VV Cephei
Pollux (star)

**Pollux** is a red giant star. It is the brightest star in the Gemini constellation. It's diameter is . Once a type A star, Pollux has used all the hydrogen in its core and expanded to become a K-type giant star.

It is located at a distance of 34 light years, which makes it the closest giant star to the Sun. In 2006, an extrasolar planet (designated Pollux b, formally named Thestias) was confirmed to be orbiting the star at a distance of 1.64 AU in nearly a circular orbit.
Grey DeLisle

**Grey DeLisle** (born August 24, 1973) is an American voice actress, comedian, and singer-songwriter.

She is known for her voice roles as numerous characters of Wubbzy from  Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!, Vicky from _The Fairly OddParents_, Samantha "Sam" Manson from _Danny Phantom_, X.Z. Needlemeyer from _The Amazing World of Gumball_, Frankie Foster, Duchess and Goo from _Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends_, Azula from _Avatar: The Last Airbender_, Olivia / Mystery Puzzler from _Kingdom Gamers_, Ms. Chalice from _The Cuphead Show!_, Kimiko Tohomiko from _Xiaolin Showdown_, and Prince Puppycorn from _Unikitty!_.

She has also been the voice of Daphne Blake in the _Scooby-Doo_ cartoons and direct-to-videos and other appearances since 2000 as well as Basil in _Kate's Place_.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer
- **instrument**: Vocals


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Grey DeLisle
- **birth name**: Erin Grey Van Oosbree
- **image**: DSC 7678 (49645907452).jpg
- **caption**: DeLisle at Galaxy Con Richmond in 2020
- **birth place**: Fort Ord, California, U.S.
- **other names**: Grey DeLisle-Griffin
Grey Griffin
- **years active**: 1983–present
- **children**: 3
Basenji

The **Basenji** is a breed of dog. They are known for being one of the smartest dogs. Basenji are excellent at hunting. They are also hunting dogs which can help people find animals.

The Basenji is often said to be the "barkless" dog. They are also described as being "talking dogs", This is because they don't "bark" like other dogs. They make a unique sound which is like a yodel. They are clean dogs. Basenji are more cat-like than other dogs because of this. They spend a large amount of time cleaning themselves when they have any dirt on their coats. Like cats, Basenjis use their paws to clean themselves. This causes them to rarely have any smell about them.

Basenjis are around the size of a terrier. They have wrinkles on their foreheads. They are wonderfully friendly by nature as well as being inquisitive and confident. A Basenji forms a very strong and close bond with a family and in particular with one person in a household.
Arthur Eddington

**Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington**  (28 December 1882 – 22 November 1944) was an important English scientist. He was an astronomer, physicist, and mathematician in the early 20th century.

Eddington did his greatest work in astrophysics. He was also a philosopher of science and a populariser of science. The Eddington limit is named after him. It is the natural limit to the luminosity of stars, or the radiation generated by accretion onto a compact object (which is what causes the luminosity).

Around 1920, he anticipated the discovery and mechanism of nuclear fusion in stars. This was published in his paper "The Internal Constitution of the Stars". At that time, the source of stellar energy was a complete mystery; Eddington was the first to correctly speculate that the source was fusion of hydrogen into helium.

He is also famous for his work on the theory of relativity. Eddington wrote a number of articles that explained Einstein's theory of general relativity to the English-speaking world. World War I severed many lines of scientific communication and new developments in German science were not well known in England.  He also conducted an expedition to observe the solar eclipse of 29 May 1919. That gave one of the earliest confirmations of general relativity.The observations showed that light from stars which passed close by the Sun was slightly bent towards the Sun. This was predicted by the general theory of relativity. He became known for his popular expositions and interpretations of the theory.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Sir Arthur Eddington
- **image**: Arthur Stanley Eddington.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Arthur Stanley Eddington (1882–1944)
- **birth name**: Arthur Stanley Eddington
- **birth place**: Kendal, Westmorland, England
- **death place**: Cambridge,  England
- **citizenship**: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, British
- **nationality**: English people, English
- **fields**: Astrophysics
- **workplaces**: Trinity College, Cambridge
- **alma mater**: University of Manchester
Trinity College, Cambridge
- **doctoral students**: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Leslie Comrie
Gerald Merton
G. L. Clark
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin
Hermann Bondi
- **known for**: Eddington limit
Eddington number
Eddington–Dirac number
Eddington–Finkelstein coordinates
- **awards**: Royal Society Royal Medal (1928)
 Smith's Prize (1907)
 Royal Astronomical Society, RAS Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, Gold Medal (1924)
Henry Draper Medal (1924)
 Bruce Medal (1924)
Knights Bachelor (1930)
Order of Merit (1938)
Alfred Jewel

The **Alfred Jewel** is a small piece of Anglo-Saxon goldsmith's work made of enamel and quartz enclosed in gold. It was discovered in 1693, in North Petherton, Somerset, England, and is now one of the most popular exhibits at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. It is named after King Alfred, a famous king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex.
Mohali

**Mohali** is a city in the Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar district, Punjab, India. It is the headquarters of Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar district. It was officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh as SAS Nagar ("The City of Sahibzada Ajit Singh"). He was the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh. It is still known popularly as 'Mohali'.

## Demographics

As per 2011 census Mohali had a population of 176,170. In this males were 92,301 and females were 83,869. The literacy rate was 91.96% per cent. The sex ratio of Mohali is 909 females per 1000 males. Sikhism is the majority religion in Mohali. About 51.53% of the people are Sikhs. Hinduism is the second most followed religion here. 45.5% people in Mohali are Hindus. Minority religions here are Muslims, Christians, Buddhists and Jains.

## Religious places

- Gurdwara Singh Shaheedan
- Shri Thakur Dwara Mandir (Hanuman Mandir)
- Mandir Mata Raj Rajeshwari, located near the Khadhi Bhandaar office
- Shiv Mandir
- Jamia Masjid
- Badri Narayan Mandir
- Gurdwara Akal Ashram
- Sri Guru Harkrishan Sahib Gurdwara
- Sohana Hospital
- Sai Mandir
- Jamia-e-Ali Masjid
- Sahib Ganj Masjid
- Durga Mata Mandir
- Sri Hanuman Mandir
2018 California gubernatorial election

The **2018 California gubernatorial election** was held on November 6, 2018, to elect the governor of California. Then-incumbent Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom was elected the next governor of California.

## Background

In February 2015, while Gavin Newsom was lieutenant governor, he announced he would run for governor in 2018, to succeed term limited governor Jerry Brown.

In mid-2017, businessman John H. Cox announced his candidacy for governor in 2018. After previously running for public office many times.

## Election results

On November 6. 2018, Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom defeated republican candidate and businessman John H. Cox, in a wide and large margin.

## Inauguration

Newsom became the 40th governor of California on January 7, 2019.

## Infobox (election)

- **election name**: 2018 California gubernatorial election
- **type**: presidential
- **ongoing**: No
- **country**: California
- **previous year**: 2014
- **next year**: 2022 California gubernatorial election, 2022
- **nominee1**: Gavin Newsom
- **nominee2**: John H. Cox
- **party1**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **party2**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **before party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **after party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **image size**: x200px
- **image1**: File:Gavin Newsom by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **image2**: File:John H. Cox.jpg
- **home state1**: California
- **home state2**: Illinois
- **popular vote1**: **7,721,410**
- **percentage1**: **61.9%**
- **popular vote2**: 4,742,825
- **percentage2**: 38.1%
- **before election**: Jerry Brown
- **after election**: Gavin Newsom
- **map image**: File:2018 California gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
- **title**: Governor of California, Governor
- **running mate1**: Eleni Kounalakis
- **running mate2**: Cole Harris
Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar district

***Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar district*** is one of the 23 districts of Punjab, India. It was formed in April 2006. This is the 18th district of Punjab. This was created next to Pathankot district. It was officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh as ***SAS Nagar*** ("The City of Sahibzada Ajit Singh"). Sahibzada Ajit Singh was the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, SAS Nagar district had a population of 986,147. SAS Nagar has a sex ratio of 878 females for every 1,000 males, This district has a literacy rate of 84.9%.
Muthuvan language

***Muthuvan language*** is a Dravidian tribal language. This language is related to or came from Tamil. 16,800 people speak this language.
Diesel locomotive

A **diesel locomotive** is a locomotive powered by a diesel engine. The diesel engine drives the locomotive's wheels through a transmission system. Diesel locomotives are very popular worldwide, due to their ease of use and reliability. They can be more powerful than steam locomotives and do not need an expensive power grid like electric locomotives.

In the 1930s they were often used for runs of very short distances. After the middle 20th century they became the most common kind for long runs, too.

## Transmission systems

- Mechanical transmission uses a gearbox, shaft or chain (diesel-mechanical).
- Electric transmission works by generating electricity which is in turn used to power the wheels (diesel-electric). This is the kind most used.
- Hydraulic transmission uses a hydraulic transmission system (diesel-hydraulic).
Halina Aszkiełowicz-Wojno

**Halina Aszkiełowicz-Wojno** (4 February 1947 – 22 June 2018) was a former Polish volleyball player. She was a member of Poland women's national volleyball team in 1965–1973, a bronze medalist of the Olympic Games Mexico 1968, medalist of the European Championship (silver in 1967, bronze in 1971).

Aszkiełowicz-Wojno died on 22 June 2018 at the age of 71.
FOXP2

***FOXP2*** is a gene which codes for a protein needed for speech and language.

It codes for "Forkhead box protein P2", which is needed for the proper development of speech and language in humans. Versions of this gene occur in many vertebrates, where it generally plays a role in communication (for instance, the development of bird song).

_FOXP2_ is the first gene found which affects speech and language.  The gene is more active in females than in males. In humans, mutations of _FOXP2_ cause a severe speech and language disorder.

_FOXP2_ is popularly dubbed the "language gene", but this is only partly correct since there are other genes involved in language development. It directly regulates a number of other genes, including _CNTNAP2_, _CTBP1_, and _SRPX2_.

Two amino acid substitutions distinguish the human _FOXP2_ protein from that found in chimpanzees.  Evidence suggests that these changes affect the functions of _FOXP2_.
Langdon, North Dakota

**Langdon** is a city in Cavalier County in the state of North Dakota, United States. It is the county seat of Cavalier County. The population was 1,909 at the 2020 census. Langdon was  made the county seat in 1884. It was incorporated in 1885.
Multiple unit (disambiguation)

**Multiple unit** may refer to:
- Diesel multiple unit
- Electric multiple unit
- Diesel electric multiple unit
- Battery electric multiple unit
- Gas turbine multiple unit
- Hybrid multiple unit
Hannah, North Dakota

**Hannah** is a city in Cavalier County in the state of North Dakota, United States. The population was 8 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1897.
Magalì Vettorazzo

**Maria "Magalì" Vettorazzo** (16 March 1942 – 18 June 2018) was an Italian female pentathlete. She competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and finished in 21st place. Vettorazzo was born in Preganziol, Italy.

Vettorazzo died on 18 June 2018 at the age of 76.
Katriina Elovirta

**Katriina Elovirta** (15 February 1961 – 19 June 2018) was a Finnish female association footballer. She was a well known international match referee. She served as a referee with FIFA between 1995 and 2003. She also worked as a development manager for the Finnish Football Association until her death.

Elovirta died at age 57 after a long illness on 19 June 2018.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Katriina Elovirta
- **birth place**: Iisalmi, Finland
- **death place**: Espoo, Finland
- **position**: Midfielder
- **clubs1**: Helsinki United
- **nationalteam1**: Finland women's national football team, Finland
Laurence Street

**Commodore Sir Laurence Whistler Street**, AC, KCMG, KStJ, QC (3 July 1926 – 21 June 2018) was an Australian jurist. He was born in Sydney. He served as the fourteenth and second youngest Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales from 1974 to 1988 and Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales from 1974 to 1989.

Street died on the night of 21 June 2018 in Sydney at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- [https://web.archive.org/web/20061019203411/http://www.laurencestreet.com.au/bio.htm Biography from official website
Nahum Korzhavin

**Nahum (Naum) Moiseyevich Korzhavin** (; real surname **Mandel**, ; 14 October 1925 – 22 June 2018) was a Russian-American poet. He was born in Kiev of Jewish descent, He worked and lived in Boston, Massachusetts during most of his career. In 2005 Korzhavin participated in _They Chose Freedom_, a four-part television documentary on the history of the Soviet dissident movement. He wrote many memoirs and novels about dissidents.

Korzhavin died in Chapel Hill, North Carolina on 22 June 2018 at the age of 92.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- Poet Naum Korzhavin, a Big Book Author
Olga Krzyżanowska

**Olga Teresa Krzyżanowska** (10 September 1929 – 22 June 2018) was a Polish politician. She was born in Warsaw. Krzyżanowska served as a Senator of Poland and a Member of the Sejm from 1989 to 2005.

Krzyżanowska died on 22 June 2018 in Gdansk from respiratory failure at the age of 88.
Dick Leitsch

**Richard Joseph Leitsch** (May 11, 1935 – June 22, 2018), also known as **Richard Valentine Leitsch** and more commonly **Dick Leitsch**, was an American LGBT rights activist. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He was president of gay rights group the Mattachine Society in the 1960s. He led many walkouts and sit-ins during protests to support the LGBT community. During the Stonewall riots, Leitsch was the first gay journalist to report on the riot.

Lietsch died from liver cancer in Manhattan on June 22, 2018, aged 83.

## Other websites

- "The Advocate Archives: Dick Leitsch Account of Stonewall
- Village Society for Historic Preservation: Before Stonwall: The Sip-In at Julius'"
- Remembering a 1966 'Sip-In' for Gay Rights"
- York Times Before the Stonewall Riots, 50th Anniversary of the Sip-In"
Geoffrey Oryema

**Geoffrey Oryema** (16 April 1953 – 22 June 2018) was a Ugandan-born French musician. Oryema was born in Soroti, Uganda. He was smuggled out of the country and moved to France where his career would be based from. He sang in the languages of his youth, Swahili and Acholi, the languages of the lost country, the 'clear green land' of Uganda, and he also sang in English and French.

Oryema died on 22 June 2018 in France of cardiac arrest at the age of 65.

## Other websites

- Official Website
- Long Tale Recordings
- Yahoo! Music Biography
Vinnie Paul

**Vincent Paul Abbott** (March 11, 1964 – June 22, 2018), also known as **Vinnie Paul**, was an American heavy metal drummer, guitarist, songwriter and producer. He was born in Abilene, Texas. He was best known for being the former drummer, and co-founder, of the heavy metal band Pantera. He was a member of Hellyeah. He also co-founded the heavy metal band Damageplan in 2003 with his younger brother, Dimebag Darrell.

Paul died on June 22, 2018 in Las Vegas, Nevada at the age of 54. It was later revealed that Abbott had died from a "dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease."

## Other websites

- Official Pantera website
Waldir Pires

**Francisco Waldir Pires de Souza** (21 October 1926 – 22 June 2018) was a Brazilian politician. He served as Minister of Defence under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, before being fired in 2007. From 1987 to 1989, he served as Governor of Bahia. He was born in Acajutiba, Brazil.

Pires died on 22 June 2018 in Rio de Janeiro of multiple organ failure at the age of 91.
Koro Wētere

**Koro Tainui Wētere**  (22 June 1935 – 23 June 2018) was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Māori Affairs from 1984 to 1990. He was a member of the Ngāti Maniapoto tribe.

Wētere died in Te Kuiti on 23 June 2018, one day after turning 83.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Koro Wētere
- **image**: Koro Wētere.tiff
- **order**: 34th
- **office**: Minister of Māori Affairs
- **primeminister**: David Lange
Geoffrey Palmer (politician), Geoffrey Palmer
Mike Moore (New Zealand politician), Mike Moore
- **term start**: 26 July 1984
- **term end**: 2 November 1990
- **predecessor**: Ben Couch
- **successor**: Winston Peters
- **constituency mp2**: Western Maori
- **parliament2**: New Zealand
- **term start2**: New Zealand general election, 1969, 1969
- **term end2**: New Zealand general election, 1996, 1996
- **predecessor2**: Iriaka Matiu Ratana
- **birth name**: Koro Tainui Wētere
- **death place**: Te Kuiti, New Zealand
- **party**: New Zealand Labour Party, Labour
- **relations**: Nanaia Mahuta (niece)
Lalu Prasad Yadav

**Lallu Prasad Yadav** (born 11 June 1948) is an Indian politician from Bihar. He is the former Chief Minister of Bihar. He became the Chief Minister of Bihar in 1990, but was made to resign in 1997 several times. He was a member of parliament of the 15th Lok Sabha. He is also president and founder of the Rashtriya Janata Dal.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lallu Prasad Yadav
- **image**: Lalu Prasad Yadav addressing the EEC - 2006 (cropped).jpg
- **birth place**: Gopalganj, Bihar, India
- **party**: Rashtriya Janata Dal
- **native name**: लालू प्रसाद यादव
Bogie

A **bogie** (called a **truck** in North American English) is a chassis, with wheels, attached to a rail vehicle, such as a boxcar. A bogie usually has four or six wheels. Each rail vehicle has a pair of bogies. The bogies can turn slightly to allow the rail vehicle to pass easily around curves in the railway track.
Nalchik

**Nalchik** (; Kabardian:  //;  //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia. It is in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. In 2010, 240,203 people lived there. It was occupied during World War II from 1942 to 1943 by Romanian troops, and was also the site of a forced labor camp, not far from the nearest valley in the area,known for it's systematic abuses, assaults, and tortures, of Russian citizens, nearly all of them targeted who were not Roman Catholic and/or Eastern Orthodox. It was liberated on a cold winter very early January day.
Elista

**Elista** ( or ; , _Elst_) is the capital city of Kalmykia, Russia. In 2010, 103,749 people lived there.
Innamaadhoo (Raa Atoll)

**Innamaadhoo** (Dhivehi: އިއްނަމާދޫ)

This island is an inhabited island in Raa atoll. Like other islands, this island is made out of sand from corals.

## People

The inhabitants are Maldivians and they speak their language, Dhivehi.

## Economy

The economy of Innamaadhoo is built on carpentry. So, when you look at the whole country, the most carpenting experts are mostly from Innamaadhoo. From very small fishing boats to giant safari boats are built in this island. Even if wheat was grown few decades back, farming is not a very wide field. If we look at fishing, the islanders used to fish a lot in the 90's. So, putting salt on fish was a very wide field. But now, as the field perished, fishermen and fish-sellers are very less. The reason is believed to be because carpentry gives a lot of money (carpentry is a very good money-maker). In the field of tourism, inhabitants aren't directly contributing. It may be because there is no resort nearby. But diving boats, row boats, and ferries, etc. (needed for resorts) are built a lot here.
Soglio, Switzerland

**Soglio** is a village and a former municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Graubünden close to the border with Italy. It is part of the municipality of Bregaglia.
Stampa

**Stampa** is a former municipality of the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

On 1 January 2010 the municipalities of Bondo, Castasegna, Soglio, Stampa, and Vicosoprano merged into a new municipality of Bregaglia.

Lägh da Cavloc is in the Val Forno.
Silvaplana

**Silvaplana** () is a municipality of the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden and the name of a lake in the municipality.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Silvaplana
- **municipality name**: Silvaplana
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Silvaplana COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Silvaplana.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Maloja (district), Maloja
- **postal code**: 7513
- **municipality code**: 3790
- **area**: 44.71
- **elevation**: 1815
- **website**: www.gemeinde-silvaplana.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bever, Switzerland, Bever, Bivio, Samedan, St. Moritz, Sils im Engadin/Segl
Soglio

**Soglio** can mean:

## Places

- Italy
- Soglio, Piedmont, a _comune_ in the Province of Asti

- Switzerland
- Soglio, Switzerland, a municipality in the canton of Graubünden
Schongau

**Schongau** can mean:
- Schongau, Bavaria, a town in Germany
- Schongau, Switzerland, a municipality in the canton of Lucerne
Ringsted

**Ringsted** is a city in Denmark with a population of around 20,000.

Ringsted is about 60 km from the capital Copenhagen.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Ringsted
- **image skyline**: Ringsted_-_ved_Sct._Hans_Gade.jpg
- **image caption**: Saint Bendt's Church (_Skt. Bendts Kirke_) in Ringsted, Denmark
- **image shield**: Coat of arms of Ringsted.svg
- **pushpin map**: Denmark
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin mapsize**: 250px
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Denmark
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Denmark
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Denmark, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Region Zealand, Zealand (_Sjælland_)
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Denmark, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Ringsted Municipality, Ringsted
- **area total km2**: 295.48
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population total**: 21866
- **population metro**: 33573
- **population density km2**: auto
- **elevation m**: 54
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 4100
- **area code**: (+45) 57
- **website**: http://www.ringsted.dk/
Fontvieille, Monaco

**Fontvieille** is the southernmost ward in the Principality of Monaco. It was developed by an Italian architect, Manfredi Nicoletti, between the 1970s and the 1990s.

Fontvieille is twinned with Santa Maria a Monte, Italy, since 1991.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **population density km2**: 10931
- **image skyline**: Monaco004.jpg
- **image map**: Fontvieille in Monaco.svg
- **website**: [http://www.visitmonaco.com/ www.visitmonaco.com]
- **settlement type**: Ward of Monaco
- **population total**: 3602
- **population as of**: 2008
- **mapsize**: 300px
- **map caption1**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **map caption**: Location in Monaco
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **area total km2**: 0.329516
- **image caption**: Harbour of Fontvielle
Vladikavkaz

**Vladikavkaz** (, lit. _ruler of the Caucasus_,) formerly known as **Ordzhonikidze** () and **Dzaudzhikau** (), is the capital city of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia. It is in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, on the Terek River. As of 2024, 300,000 people lived there.

It is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus.

The city is an industrial and transportation center. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemicals, clothing and food products.
Corcelles

**Corcelles** is the name or part of the name of several places:

## Switzerland

- Corcelles, Bern, in the canton of Bern
- Corcelles-Cormondrèche, in the canton of Neuchâtel
- Corcelles-le-Jorat, in the canton of Vaud
- Corcelles-près-Concise, in the canton of Vaud
- Corcelles-près-Payerne, in the canton of Vaud
- Corcelles-sur-Chavornay, in the canton of Vaud

## France

- Corcelles, Ain, in the Ain department
- Corcelles-en-Beaujolais, in the Rhône department
- Corcelles-Ferrières, in the Doubs department
- Corcelles-les-Arts, in the Côte-d'Or department
- Corcelles-lès-Cîteaux, in the Côte-d'Or department
- Corcelles-les-Monts, in the Côte-d'Or department
Villeret

**Villeret** can mean:

- Villeret, Aisne, France
- Villeret, Aube, France
- Villeret, Switzerland, a municipality in the canton of Bern
- Jacques Villeret, French actor
Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway

The **Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway** (DNSR) was a cross-country railway running north–south between Didcot, Newbury and Winchester in England.

The line opened in stages between 1882 and 1885. Owing to lack of money, it never reached Southampton, so trains from Winchester to Southampton went by another route.

The line closed between 1960 and 1962 and some sections have become cycle routes. There are plans to build a cafe, the "Handlebar Cafe", on the cycle route near Winchester.
David Plouffe

**David Plouffe** (; born May 27, 1967) is an American political strategist who helped propel the Barack Obama Presidential campaign to success in the 2008 US Elections where he served as campaign manager.

In 2017, he joined Facebook owner Mark Zuckerberg's wife, Priscilla Chan's charity organization, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, after leaving Uber as a lead effort and advocacy.

Plouffe was born in Wilmington, Delaware to Frances Vincent and James Plouffe.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: David Plouffe
- **image**: David Plouffe official portrait.jpg
- **office**: Senior Advisor to the President of the United States, Senior Advisor to the President
- **president**: Barack Obama
- **term start**: January 10, 2011
- **term end**: January 25, 2013
- **predecessor**: David Axelrod
- **successor**: Daniel Pfeiffer, Dan Pfeiffer
- **birth place**: Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: University of Delaware, University of Delaware, Newark
- **image size**: 150px