juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Liverpool

**Nicholas Joseph Orville Liverpool** (9 September 1934 – 1 June 2015) was a Dominican politician and jurist. He was the sixth President of Dominica, from 2 October 2003 to 17 September 2012.

Liverpool died on 1 June 2015 in Miami, Florida from a heart attack, where he was receiving medical treatment, aged 80.

## Other websites

- Official site of the President's Office, Commonwealth of Dominica

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nicholas Liverpool
- **image**: Nicholas Liverpool.jpg
- **office**: List of Presidents of Dominica, President of Dominica
- **primeminister**: Pierre Charles
Osborne Riviere
Roosevelt Skerrit
- **term start**: 2 October 2003
- **term end**: 17 September 2012
- **predecessor**: Vernon Shaw
- **successor**: Eliud Williams
- **birth place**: Grand Bay, Dominica, Grand Bay, Dominica
- **death place**: Miami, Florida, United States
- **party**: Independent (politician), Independent
- **spouse**: Verna Liverpool
- **alma mater**: University of Hull
Inns of Court School of Law
University of Sheffield
Lucien Bouchard

**Lucien Bouchard**  (; born December 22, 1938) is a Canadian retired lawyer, diplomat, politician and former Minister of the Environment of the Canadian Federal Government.

He was the founder and the first leader of the Bloc Québécois from 1991 to 1996, Leader of the Opposition in the Canadian House of Commons from 1993 to 1996, and leader of the Parti Québécois from 1996 to 2001. He served as the 27th Premier of Quebec from January 29, 1996, to March 8, 2001.

He became a central figure for the "Yes" side in the 1995 Quebec referendum, alongside the then Premier of Quebec and leader of the Parti Québécois, Jacques Parizeau, whom he succeeded. He is a recipient of the title of _Commander_ of the Légion d'Honneur.

Bouchard was born in Saint-Cœur-de-Marie, Québec. He was the son of Alice (née Simard) and Philippe Bouchard. He studied at Université Laval. Bouchard married Solange Dugas in May 2013.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Lucien Bouchard
- **honorific-suffix**: Queen's Privy Council for Canada, PC National Order of Quebec, GOQ Bachelor of Laws, LLB Bachelor of Social Science, BSoc
- **image**: Lucien Bouchard02.jpg
- **caption**: Lucien Bouchard at the National Order of Quebec in June 2013.
- **birth place**: Saint-Cœur-de-Marie, Quebec, Canada
- **office1**: Premier of Quebec, 27th Premier of Quebec
- **term start1**: 29 January 1996
- **term end1**: 8 March 2001
- **monarch1**: Elizabeth II
- **lieutenant governor1**: Martial Asselin
Jean-Louis Roux
Lise Thibault
- **predecessor1**: Jacques Parizeau
- **successor1**: Bernard Landry
- **office3**: Leader of the Parti Québécois
- **term start3**: January 27, 1996
- **term end3**: March 2, 2001
- **predecessor3**: Jacques Parizeau
- **successor3**: Bernard Landry
- **office4**: Jonquière (provincial electoral district), MNA for Jonquière
- **term start4**: 19 February 1996
- **term end4**: 8 March 2001
- **predecessor4**: Francis Dufour
- **successor4**: Françoise Gauthier
- **office5**: List of Leaders of the Official Opposition (Canada), Leader of the Opposition
- **term start5**: 4 November 1993
- **term end5**: 14 January 1996
- **predecessor5**: Jean Chrétien
- **successor5**: Gilles Duceppe
- **office6**: Secretary of State for Canada
- **term start6**: 31 March 1988
- **term end6**: 29 January 1989
- **predecessor6**: David Crombie
- **successor6**: Gerry Weiner
- **office7**: Lac-Saint-Jean, MP for Lac-Saint-Jean
- **term start7**: 20 June 1988
- **term end7**: 15 January 1996
- **predecessor7**: Clément M. Côté
- **successor7**: Stéphan Tremblay
- **office8**: Minister of the Environment (Canada), Minister of the Environment
- **term start8**: 8 December 1988
- **term end8**: 21 May 1990
- **predecessor8**: Thomas Michael McMillan, Thomas McMillan
- **successor8**: Robert de Cotret
- **party**: Parti Québécois (provincial, 1990–2010)
Bloc Québécois (federal, 1990–2010)
- **otherparty**: Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, Progressive Conservative (federal, c. 1984–1990)
- **spouse**: Solange Dugas (since May 18, 2013)
- **alma mater**: Université Laval
- **profession**: Lawyer
Winterset, Iowa

**Winterset** is a city in Madison County, Iowa, United States. The population was 5,353 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Madison County.
Winterset is part of the Des Moines − West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area. Winterset is the birthplace of actor John Wayne.
Stuart Whitman

**Stuart Maxwell Whitman** (February 1, 1928 – March 16, 2020) was an American actor. He is known for playing Marshall Jim Crown in the television Western _Cimarron Strip_, co-starred with John Wayne in _The Comancheros_ and received top billing in the extravagant aviation epic _Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines._

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Stuart Whitman
- **image**: Stuart Whitman in The Longest Day (publicity still).jpg
- **caption**: Stuart Whitman in _The Longest Day (movie), The Longest Day_ (1962)
- **birth name**: Stuart Maxwell Whitman
- **birth place**: San Francisco, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Montecito, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Skin cancer
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1951–2000
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 5
Alberto De Martino

**Alberto De Martino** (12 June 1929 – 2 June 2015) was an Italian movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Rome, Italy. He was known for his movies _O.K. Connery_, _Holocaust 2000_, and _The Pumaman_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alberto De Martino
- **birth place**: Rome, Italy
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **occupation**: Film director, screenwriter
- **yearsactive**: 1959-1985
Jean Ritchie

**Jean Ritchie** (December 8, 1922 – June 1, 2015) was an American folk music singer, songwriter, and Appalachian dulcimer player. Elektra records signed her and released three albums: _Jean Ritchie Sings_ (1952), _Songs of Her Kentucky Mountain Family_ (1957) and _A Time for Singing_ (1962). Ritchie was born in Viper, Kentucky.

Ritchie died in Berea, Kentucky, aged 92.

## Other websites

- Live 1976 recording of Ritchie performing "Nottamun Town" from the Florida Folklife Collection (made available for public use by the State Archives of Florida)
- Photographs of Jean Ritchie while artist in residence at UC Santa Cruz in 1978, from the UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections
- Videos on Woodsongs Archive

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer
- **instrument**: Appalachian dulcimer, Singing, Vocals
- **genre**: Folk music, Folk
- **label**: Folkways Records, Folkways, Elektra Records, Elektra, Sire Records, Sire, Greenhays, Flying Fish Records, Flying Fish, Riverside Records, Riverside, Tradition Records, Tradition, Argo, Collector, June Appal Recordings, Pacific Cascade Records, Warner Brothers


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jean Ritchie
- **image**: JeanRitchie.jpg
- **caption**: Jean Ritchie after a performance on April 26, 2008.
- **birth place**: Viper, Kentucky, U.S.
- **death place**: Berea, Kentucky, U.S.
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter
- **years active**: 1948–2015
- **spouse**: George Pickow (1950–2010; his death); 2 children
Irwin Rose

**Irwin A. Rose** (July 16, 1926 – June 2, 2015) was an American biologist. He was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Aaron Ciechanover and Avram Hershko, for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.

Rose was born in Brooklyn, New York to a Jewish family. He was married to Zelda Budenstein and had four children.

Rose died on June 2, 2015 in Deerfield, Massachusetts, aged 88.
Chapakot Municipality

**Chapakot** is a municipality in the southeastern part of Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. It is in the western region of Nepal. On 18 May 2014, the new municipality was formed by merging three existing villages. These were Ratnapur, Kuwakot and Chapakot. The office of the new municipality is the former Chapakot village development committee (VDC).

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Chapakot village had a population of 4,702. It had 1087 individual households. But now the total population is 12,742.  There are now 2,902 individual households. It is on a plain surrounded by hills. To the east of Chapakot was Ratnapur VDC. To the west was Kuwakot VDC. The Kali Gandaki divides it from Palpa District to the south.  To the north is Keware Bhanjyang.

## Other websites

- Chapakot Municipality

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Chapakot Municipality
- **native name**: चापाकोट नगरपालिका
- **settlement type**: Municipality
- **image skyline**: Chapakot Municipality.jpg
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Nepal
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Nepal
- **subdivision type1**: Zones of Nepal, Zone
- **subdivision name1**: Gandaki Zone
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Nepal, District
- **subdivision name2**: Syangja District
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population total**: 12742
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population blank1 title**: Ethnicities
- **timezone**: Nepal Time
- **utc offset**: +5:45
The Next Step (2013 TV series)

***The Next Step*** is a TV Program about a dance studio. It is filmed in Canada.

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: The-Next-Step-logo.png
- **genre**: Teen drama and dance
- **creator**: Frank Van Keeken
- **location**: **Production studio:**
Filmport Presentation Centre, Toronto

**Exterior and street shots:**
Colborne Street, Toronto, Colborne Street
Dundas Street
Front Street (Toronto), Front Street
Jarvis Street
University Avenue (Toronto), University Avenue
Yonge Street
- **starring**: List of The Next Step characters, Current and former cast
- **theme music composer**: Grayson Matthews
- **opentheme**: _Stand Up_
by Jessica Lee and Kit Knows
- **country**: Canada
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 9
- **num episodes**: 255
- **list episodes**: List of The Next Step episodes
- **camera**: Multi-camera
- **runtime**: 22–43 minutes
- **related**: _Lost & Found Music Studios_
- **alt**: The letters for the Next Step logo, created by small circles.
Black-headed parrot

The **black-headed parrot** is _Pionites melanocephalus_. It lives in forests, most often in humid places, and nearby wooded habitats. They are known as 'caiques'.

The bird is widespread in South America, and has two subspecies which are very similar. It lives north of the Amazon River and west of the Ucayali River in Brazil, northern Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It is quite common and lives in many protected areas.

They are usually in pairs or small noisy groups of 10 to 30. They eat flowers, fruit, and seeds and possibly insects. Males and females look the same: they have identical plumage.
Oliver Wallace

**Oliver George Wallace** (August 6, 1887 – September 15, 1963) was an English-born American composer and conductor. He scored 139 animated short movies for Walt Disney Studios. He also wrote scores for several Disney documentaries, and feature movies. Wallace worked for Disney studios for 27 years. He died in a Burbank, California hospital on September, 15, 1963.

In 1941 Wallace won an Oscar for scoring the music for the animated movie _Dumbo_. In 2008 he was honored with a Disney Legends award.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Oliver Wallace
- **image**: Oliver G Wallace, organist (SAYRE 10366).jpg
- **caption**: 1923
- **birth name**: Oliver George Wallace
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California
- **genre**: Film score, musical theatre, classical music, classical
- **background**: non_performing_personnel
- **occupation**: Composer
- **years active**: 1911–1963
Vaginal flora

**Vaginal flora** or **microbiota** are tiny microorganisms that are part of the healthy reproductive organs in a woman. Humans have many very small organisms that are a normal part of the human body.  These microorgansims can only be seen with a microscope.  These organisms are bacteria and fungi.  Almost all of them do not cause sickness, but it is still normal to have them inside or outside the body.

These small microorganisms are called microbiota by researchers.  There are microbiota in the stomach, the skin, the mouth, the eyes, and microbiota in the vagina.  The microbiota in humans help to stop infections caused by other bacteria.  Vaginal microbiota help keep the vagina healthy. They help prevent infection caused other bacteria.  Bacteria that cause sickness or infection are called pathogens. The normal vaginal microbiota stop pathogens from growing.

When a woman sees a doctor because she has fluid coming out of her vagina, the doctor might test the woman for bacteria pathogens.  Pathogens can grow too fast.  They can grow faster than the normal and healthy vaginal microbiota.  An infection can make fluid come out of the vagina.  This is called vaginal discharge.  A good and healthy bacteria that keeps the vagina free from sickness is called Lactobacillus.  There other good bacteria that keep the vagina healthy.  Some of their names are: Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium, and Actinomyces.

If a woman catches a sexually transmitted disease, it will change the vaginal microbiota.  The healthy vaginal microbiota can not stop or cure a sexually transmitted infection.

## Related pages

- Vagina
Alexander Gould

**Alexander Jerome Gould** (born May 4, 1994) is an American actor and voice actor. He is best known for voicing Nemo in _Finding Nemo_, Twitch in _How to Eat Fried Worms_ and Shane Botwin in _Weeds_.

## Early life

He was born in Los Angeles, California on May 4, 1994. His parents are Tom Gould and Valerie Gould. He has two sisters, Emma Gould, and Kelly Gould. Both are also actors. Gould has been an actor since the age of two. He had roles in the Television Series' Malcolm in the Middle and Ally McBeal. He voiced the title character, Nemo, in the animated movie _Finding Nemo_. He also starred in How to Eat Fried Worms. He received a Young Artist Award for each.  He won his third Young Artist Award in the Showtime series _Weeds_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alexander Gould
- **image**: Alexander Gould (cropped).jpeg
- **caption**: Gould in October 2009
- **birth name**: Alexander Jerome Gould
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, United States
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **relatives**: Emma Gould, Kelly Gould
- **notable works**: Nemo in _Finding Nemo_
Bambi in _Bambi II_
Twitch in _How to Eat Fried Worms (movie), How to Eat Fried Worms_
Shane Botwin in _Weeds (TV series), Weeds_
Fernando de Araújo (East Timorese politician)

**Fernando de Araújo** (26 February 1963 – 2 June 2015) was an East Timorese politician. He was the President of the National Parliament from 8 August 2007 until 30 July 2012. He also served as the acting President of East Timor from 13 February until 17 April 2008.

Araújo was born in Manutaci, Ainaro District, in what was then Portuguese Timor. At the age of 12, he witnessed all 18 members of his family massacred by the Indonesian Army. He studied literature in Bali, Indonesia. He was married to Jacqueline Aquino Siapno of Dagupan City, Philippines.

Araújo died from a cerebral infarction on 2 June 2015 in Dili, aged 52.
Kirill Pokrovsky

**Kirill Vladimirovich Pokrovsky** (; 25 March 1962 – 1 June 2015) was a Russian composer and performer. He wrote the soundtrack for the _Divinity_ series of video games produced by Larian Studios. He was born in Moscow.

Pokrovsky died on 1 June 2015 in Belgium, aged 53.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Kirill Pokrovsky
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **native name**: Покровский Кирилл Владимирович
- **native name lang**: ru
- **birth place**: Moscow, Russia
- **death place**: Belgium
- **genre**: Soundtracks, World music, world, New Age music, new age
- **occupation**: Musician, composer, performer
Slim Richey

**Michael** "**Slim**" **Richey** (February 11, 1938 – May 31, 2015) was an American guitarist, fiddle player, bandleader and publisher. He was known for his long white beard and electric guitar style on jazz, swing and country music. He called himself "the most dangerous guitar player in Texas". He began his career in 1960 and worked with artists such as Kat Edmonson, the Jazz Pharoahs, and the Jitterbug Vipers. He was born in Austin, Texas.

Richey died from lymphoma on May 31, 2015 in Austin, aged 77.
Gerald Götting

**Gerald Götting** (9 June 1923 – 19 May 2015) was a German politician. He was the East German President of the People's Chamber from 12 May 1969 until 29 October 1976.

Götting was born in Nietleben, Province of Saxony, now part of Halle, Saxony-Anhalt. During World War II, he served in the Reichsarbeitsdienst and later in the Wehrmacht. He was briefly held as a prisoner of war by U.S. forces in 1945.

Götting died after a long illness on 19 May 2015 in Berlin, aged 91.
Alan Bond

**Alan Bond** (22 April 1938 – 5 June 2015) was a British-born Australian businessman.

Bond was known for his role in the WA Inc scandals of the 1980s. He was also known for bankrolling challenges for the yachting trophy the America's Cup. Because of this he won the Australian of the Year in 1978, along with Galarrwuy Yunupingu. He finally won the trophy in 1983, which had been held by the New York Yacht Club since 1851. In 1987, he paid $1 billion for the Nine television network from Kerry Packer's PBL, before selling the network back to PBL in 1990 for $250 million. In 1997, he was sentenced to seven years in prison for fraud, and was released in 2000.

Bond was born in Hammersmith, London, England. He moved to Western Australia in 1950 at the age of 12. He was married to Eileen Hughes from 1955 until their divorce in 1992. He was later married to Diana Bliss from 1995 until her suicide in 2012. He had  four children.

Bond suffered issues after open heart surgery and was put into an induced coma on 2 June 2015 at a Perth hospital. Bond died on 5 June 2015 after surgical complications at the age of 77.
Bill Shorten

**William Richard** "**Bill**" **Shorten** (born 12 May 1967) is an Australian politician. He was the Leader of the Labor Party and Leader of the Opposition from 13 October 2013 to 30 May 2019.

Shorten was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He is of English and Irish ancestry. He has been married twice and has a daughter. He is a Catholic.

Shorten lost to become Prime Minister of Australia in the 2016 federal election to Malcolm Turnbull and again in the 2019 election to Scott Morrison. After his 2019 defeat, Shorten said he would step down as party leader. He was replaced by Anthony Albanese.

In June 2022, Shorten became Minister for Government Services and Minister for the National Disability Insurance Scheme in the Albanese government.
Bashi Channel

The **Bashi Channel** is a waterway between Taiwan and the Philippines. It is part of the Luzon Strait in the Pacific Ocean. It lies between Y'Ami Island of the Philippines and Orchid Island of Taiwan. The Philippines call Orchrid Island Botel Tobago. Many undersea cables use this channel. It is also important for military operations. Both Taiwan and the Philippines say the channel belongs to them.
Undersea cable

An **undersea cable** or **submarine communications cable** is a cable that is laid in the sea or in waterways. Usually such cables either carry electricity or they are used for telecommunication. Cables longer than about  use direct current, because the loss is too big with alternating current. Such cables are also built in a very rugged way.
Free! (anime)

**Free!** Iwatobi Swim Club is a Japanese anime based on swimming.

## Plot

The main story is about four boys on a swim team. The boys were on a swim team together in elementary and middle school and were split up before high school. Two of the boys, Haruka Nanase and Makoto Tachibana were reunited by fate to both attend Iwatobi High School. Luckily for them, when the new arrival of first years came, the third member from their original swim team Nagisa Hazuki also arrived to Iwatobi High School. Haruka and Makoto were astonished to be reunited with another friend of theirs, however something was missing. The final member to their childhood swim team, Rin Matsouka. Rin had been studying abroad in Australia and recently came back to Japan to go to high school at Samezuka Academy. When Haruka, Makoto, and Nagisa all caught up, they run into the younger sister of their old friend Rin, Gou Matsouka, who fills the boys in about Rin's whereabouts and goals. They are all determined and decide to start their own swim club to have the opportunity to see Rin once more. With Gou as the manager and Makoto as the captain, the Iwatobi Swim Club needed one more thing to complete their team, a fourth member. The boys advertised everywhere however no one wanted to join. Until one day, Nagisa had stumbled across a first year who had a similarity with he and the other two boys on the team, he had a girly name.
Disney Legends

**Disney Legends** Awards are given to individuals whose work has made significant contributions to The Walt Disney Company. The award was created in 1987. It was designed to honor those employees whose accomplishments have helped create Disney magic. More than 200 people have received the Disney Legends award. A selection committee chooses who will receive the award. It is given out at a special ceremony.
Carrie (horror series)

**Carrie** is a horror series by Stephen King and released from 1974-2013.

## Novel

- Carrie (1974)

## Films

- Carrie (1976)
- Carrie 2: The Rage (1999)
- Carrie (1976) (2002 remake)
- Carrie (1976) (2013 remake)
Aviacsa

**Aviacsa** was a Mexican airline. It started operations in 1990. Aviacsa was a low-cost carrier based in Mexico City. In 2009 the Mexican government refused to allow Aviacsa to fly because of safety concerns. Aviacsa appealed the decision in court. Meanwhile, the FAA removed Aviacia's airworthiness certificate in the United States until it could resolve the safety issues in Mexico. Aviacsa ceased operations in July 2009. It was sold to the Madero Group in 2010. In 2011, Aviacsa was going to start flying again. However, it didn't happen because the airline owed a lot of money to the Mexican Government. Aviacsa stopped all operations for good on May 4, 2011. Interjet took over many of Aviacsa's old routes.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Aviacsa
- **logo**: Aviacsa Logo.svg
- **iata**: 6A
- **icao**: CHP
- **callsign**: AVIACSA
- **parent**: Aeroexo, SA.
- **company slogan**: La Línea Aérea de México
- **founded**: 1990
- **ceased**: 2011
- **headquarters**: Benito Juárez International Airport
Mexico City, Mexico
- **key people**: Andrés Fabre(CEO)
- **hubs**: Mexico City International Airport
- **frequent flyer**: Aviacpass
- **fleet size**: 20
- **destinations**: 8
- **website**: http://www.aviacsa.com/
Ahmed Zewail

**Ahmed Zewail** (1946-2016) was an Egyptian chemist. He invented femtochemistry and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1999.

Chemical reactions were once thought impossible to measure, because they happen in only a few femtoseconds. His Nobel award was for using laser technology to measure extremely fast chemical reactions. The laser technology showed how molecules changed during the reaction. He was on the scientific advisory team for the President. Zewail encouraged basic Egyptian education and knowledge.

## Related pages

- List of Egyptian scientists

## References

- "Ahmed Zewail." Gale Biography in Context. Detroit: Gale, 2004. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
- "Ahmed H. Zewail".  Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2015.
- "Zewail, Ahmed Hassan." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.
- "ZEWAIL - EGYPT SUPPORTS KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY." AllAfrica. 16 Mar. 2015 eLibrary. Web. 29 May. 2015.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Ahmed Zewail
- **native name**: **أحمد حسن زويل**
- **native name lang**: ar
- **image**: Ahmed Zewail HD2009 Othmer Gold Medal portrait.JPG
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Ahmed Zewail in 2009
- **birth name**: Ahmed Hassan Zewail
- **birth place**: Damanhour, Egypt
- **death place**: Pasadena, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: Egyptian
American
- **thesis title**: Optical and magnetic resonance spectra of triplet excitons and localized states in molecular crystals
- **thesis url**: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/54507972
- **thesis year**: 1975
- **known for**: Femtochemistry
Daniel James Jr.

**Daniel James, Jr.** (February 11th, 1920 – February 25th, 1978) was the first African-American four-star general officer in the United States military. He received his pilot training with the Tuskegee airmen during World War II. He flew planes during the Korean, and Vietnam Wars. He was a flight instructor in the United States Air Force. On receiving his fourth star he became commander-in-chief of the North American Aerospace Defense Command in 1975.

He died of a heart attack February 25th, 1978 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. On March 2, 1978, General James was buried at Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors. His widow, Dorothy W. James, died on May 2, 2000, in San Antonio, Texas. She is buried next to General James at Arlington.

## Decorations and Service Awards

James won the following awards (Each oak leaf cluster and service stars represents one additional award):
- Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
- Air Force Distinguished Service Medal w/1 oak leaf cluster
- Legion of Merit w/1 oak leaf cluster
- Distinguished Flying Cross w/2 oak leaf clusters
- Meritorious Service Medal
- Air Medal w/13 oak leaf clusters
- Army Commendation Medal
- Combat Readiness Medal
- Good Conduct Medal
- American Defense Service Medal
- American Campaign Medal
- World War II Victory Medal
- National Defense Service Medal w/1 service star
- Korean Service Medal w/4 service stars
- Vietnam Service Medal w/2 bronze service stars
- Air Force Longevity Service Award Ribbon w/7 oak leaf clusters
- Armed Forces Reserve Medal
- Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon
- Republic Of Korea Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon
- United Nations Service Medal
- Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal
- Defense Distinguished Service Medal
Misty Copeland

**Misty Copeland** (born September 10, 1982) is a ballet dancer for American Ballet Theatre (ABT). She made history in 2007 as the third African American to be promoted to the rank of soloist in two decades. She is the fourth African-American soloist, and the first in two decades with ABT.

On June 30, 2015, Copeland became the first African American woman to be promoted to principal dancer in ABT's 75-year history

She starred as Odette in George Balanchine's Swan Lake. Copeland is considered a prodigy because she rose to stardom despite not starting ballet until the age of 13. She is the fourth African-American soloist, and the first in two decades with ABT.

The ABT is one of the three leading classical ballet companies in the United States.

## Other websites

- Carlotti, Valentino D. "ABT: Dancers" . Misty Copeland. Web. 29 May 2015.
- "The Official Website of Misty Copeland" . Misty Copeland. Web. 29 May 2015.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Misty Copeland
- **image**: From the ballet Coppelia cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Misty Copeland dancing in _Coppelia_ in 2014
- **birth name**: Misty Danielle Copeland
- **birth place**: Kansas City, Missouri, United States
- **education**: San Pedro High School
- **occupation**: Ballerina with American Ballet Theatre
- **years active**: 1995–present
Qubool Hai

***Qubool Hai*** (English: _I Accept_) is a soap opera on Zee TV. The show tells about the Muslim community. It wants to break stereotypes about Islam.

The program has received praise for leading the way for more TV shows about Muslim culture and family life. It was produced by 4 Lions Films and by Divine Multimedia.

The program uses both drama and romance. It tells about the lives of three characters, Zoya, Ayaan and Asad. The three are really different from each other but their lives have been brought together by fate. Producer Gul Khan said, "The show is about a journey of life, its trials and tribulations and acceptance of one's fate. It is said that God gives us the strength to change what we can and the courage to accept what we can't".

The story usually takes place in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It moved to Punjab, India for a month in April 2014. This was because the story jumped ahead 20 years to tell about the life of Asad and Zoya's daughter, Sanam. Production was back in Bhopal in May 2014, because Sanam went back to the city where her mother and father lived.

The program is still airing in June 2015, and has shown more than 680 episodes. With so many episodes and character changes, a number of different actors have played the various roles. The Show ended After 856 Episodes. It was one of the longest Indian soap opera running in this period.

## Characters

- Zoya is a modern and energetic woman who questions stereotypes. She listens to all who give her advice, but decides by what her emotional heart is saying. She has respect for her culture but does not follow rituals. Surbhi Jyoti played the part of Zoya in Season One.
- Ayaan is a happy and carefree young man. He falls in love with many pretty women, but will not settle down with any of them. Ayaan is very fond of his mother and his step-brother, Asad. He has a close relationship with Asad. Even though he came from a broken family, he seems emotionally stable.
- Asad only wants to become successful in life. He is a perfectionist and is not interested in being in love. His father left the family while he was still growing up. This caused him to have a disturbed and unstable childhood. Even so, he is making a success of himself.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Soap opera
- **writer**: Jainesh Ejardar
 Faizal Akhtar
 Divya Sharma
 Aparajita Sharma
- **creator**: Mrinal Jha (Undercover Productions Ltd)
Gul Khan (producer), Gul Khan
- **director**: Amandeep Singh
 Arif Ali
 Ajay.S.Mishra
- **starring**: #Cast, See Below
- **theme music composer**: Raju Singh
- **country**: India
- **language**: Hindi-Urdu
- **producer**: Gul Khan (producer), Gul Khan
 Nissar Parvez (4 lions)
 Karishma Jain
- **camera**: Multi-camera
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: 4 Lions Films
Divine Multimedia
- **channel**: Zee TV
- **num seasons**: 4
- **num episodes**: 856
Marissa Mayer

**Marissa Mayer** was the president and CEO of Yahoo! until 2017. She started as the head of the company in 2012.

Mayer went to college at Stanford University. She studied computer science there. After college, she went to Google in 1999 as the first female engineer when she was 24 years old. She worked at Google until 2012.

When she went to Yahoo!, the company was losing money. She helped them improve. During her first year, their stock prices increased by 75%.

## References

- Hanson, Jarice. "Mayer, Marissa." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.
- "Marissa Mayer." Newsmakers. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 2013. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
Wilma Mankiller

**Wilma Pearl Mankiller** (Cherokee: ᎠᏥᎳᏍᎩ ᎠᏍᎦᏯᏗᎯ; November 18`, 1945 – April 6, 2010) was the first female principal chief of a major Native American tribe. Mankiller dedicated her life to aid the advancement and recognition of the Cherokee Nation, a Native American tribe based in Oklahoma. In 1977, she was elected to be deputy principal chief of the Cherokee Nation. She eventually replaced her boss as the Principal Cherokee chief, the main leader of the Cherokee. She was officially elected as chief 1987. During her time as chief, many Cherokee became official members of the Nation. Her administration brought great improvements in healthcare, jobs, and education for the Cherokee Nation. Mankiller also founded the Institute for Cherokee Literacy, which serves to preserve Cherokee traditions and culture. In 1993, she became a member of the National Women’s Hall of Fame for her accomplishments. In 1998, she was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the highest honors a citizen of the United States can receive. Mankiller died on April 6, 2010 of Pancreatic Cancer.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Wilma Mankiller
- **image**: WilmaMankillerByPhilKonstantin.jpg
- **caption**: Mankiller in 2001
- **birth name**: Wilma Pearl Mankiller
- **birth place**: Tahlequah, Oklahoma, United States
- **death place**: Adair County, Oklahoma, United States
- **death cause**: Pancreatic cancer
- **office**: Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation
- **term start**: 1985
- **term end**: 1995
- **predecessor**: Ross Swimmer
- **successor**: Joe Byrd (Cherokee Chief), Joe Byrd
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: Skyline College, San Francisco State University
- **occupation**: Writer, author, tribal chief
- **spouse**:
Vivienne Tam

**Vivienne Tam** (, born 28 November 1957) is a fashion designer. The clothing she makes are a cross between Chinese and American cultures. This is important because most of the successful fashion designers were either American or French.

## Sources

- "Vivienne Tam." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 24. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
- "Vivienne Tam." Contemporary Fashion. Gale, 2002. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
Avi Beker

**Avi Beker** (3 May 1951 – 4 June 2015) was an Israeli writer, statesman, and academic. Beker served as the Secretary General of the World Jewish Congress from 2001 to 2003. He was born in Tel Aviv.

Beker died on 4 June 2015 of cancer, aged 64.
Leonid Plyushch

**Leonid Plyushch** (Ukrainian: Плющ Леонід Іванович; 26 April 1938 – 4 June 2015) was a Ukrainian mathematician and Soviet dissident. Plyushch became a dissident by taking a public stance on political hot topics of the time. He was arrested in January 1972 on charges of anti-Soviet activity, and was jailed for a year before his trial began.

Plyushch was born into a Ukrainian working-class family in 1938 in Naryn, Kirghizia. He died on 4 June 2015 in France, aged 77.

## Other websites

- PLYUSHCH, Leonid Ivanovych  at the Dissident Movement in Ukraine Virtual Museum

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Leonid Plyushch
- **birth place**: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, Kirghiz SSR, USSR
- **death place**: France
- **known for**: Soviet dissident
- **occupation**: Mathematician
Sybil Ludington

**Sybil Ludington** (April 5, 1761 – February 26, 1839) was a heroine of the American Revolutionary War. She was the daughter of 6-7 Colonel Henry Ludington. In 1773 he joined the rebel cause. He was the colonel of the local regiment. Sybil Ludington became famous for her night ride on April 26, 1777 to alert American colonial forces to the approach of the British Regulars. Her action was similar to the ride of Paul Revere. She rode more than twice the distance of Revere. She was only 16 years old at the time of her ride.
Claudette Colvin

**Claudette Colvin** (September 5, 1939 – January 13, 2026) was an American civil rights activist and nurse. Colvin was known for being arrested on March 2, 1955, for not giving up her seat to a white woman. She was 15 years old when this happened.

## 1955 arrest and trial

Following her 1955 arrest, Colvin was put on trial on several charges including violating the segregation ordinance. The court found her guilty. She was beaten up and ridiculed by white people after the incident. Colvin was placed on probation. The leader of the church she attended, Reverend Johnson bailed her out. In 1956, about one year after Colvin refused to give up her seat, her lawyer, Fred Gray, filed the landmark federal lawsuit: Browder v Gayle. This case stopped segregation on public transportation in Montgomery Alabama. Claudette’s incident was before Rosa Parks even though she is not acknowledged much. Around this time, Colvin was getting involved in the Youth Council of Montgomery of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Even though she got a light sentence from the court, she was branded a troublemaker. She dropped out of college and could not find a job.

## Personal life

She was born in Birmingham, Alabama. She grew up in Montgomery, Alabama.

Colvin moved to New York City in 1958. There she worked as a nurse assistant in a nursing home while living there. Colvin retired in 2004.

Colvin died on January 13, 2026 while in hospice care in Texas at the age of 86.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Claudette Colvin
- **image**: Claudette Colvin.jpg
- **caption**: Colvin in 1952 at age 13
- **birth name**: Claudette Austin
- **birth place**: Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
- **death place**: Texas, U.S.
- **known for**: Arrest at the age of 15 in Montgomery, Alabama for refusing to give up her seat to a white woman on a segregated bus, nine months before the similar Rosa Parks incident.
- **occupation**: Civil Rights Movement, Civil rights activist, nurse, nurse aide
- **years active**: 1969–2004 (as nurse aide)
- **era**: Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
- **children**: 2
TAT-1

**TAT-1** (Transatlantic No. 1) was the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system. It was laid between Oban, Scotland and Clarenville, Newfoundland. Two cables were laid between 1955 and 1956. One cable for each direction. It was inaugurated on September 25, 1956. The cable was able to carry 35 simultaneous telephone calls. A 36th channel was used to carry up to 22 telegraph lines.

## History

The first transatlantic telegraph cable had been laid in 1858 (see Cyrus West Field).  It only operated for a month, but was replaced with a successful connection in 1866.  A radio-based transatlantic telephone service was started in 1927. It charged £9 for three minutes.  A telephone cable was discussed at that time. But it was not practical until a number of technological advances arrived in the 1940s.

The developments that made TAT-1 possible were coaxial cable, polyethylene insulation, very reliable vacuum tubes for the submerged repeaters and an improvement in carrier equipment.  Transistors were not used, being a recent invention of unknown longevity.
Tom Lewis (Australian politician)

**Thomas Lancelot (Tom) Lewis** AO (23 January 1922 – 25 April 2016) was a New South Wales politician. He served as Premier of New South Wales and Minister in the cabinets of Sir Robert Askin and Sir Eric Willis. He became Premier following Askin's retirement from politics and held the position until he was replaced by Willis in a party vote. Lewis was first elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Electoral district of Wollondilly for the Liberal Party of Australia from 1957 until his resignation in 1978.
Goff Letts

**Godfrey Alan** "**Goff**" **Letts**  (18 January 1928 – 10 March 2023) was an Australian politician. He was the Majority Leader of the Northern Territory from 1974 to 1977.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Goff Letts
- **image**: Goff Letts 1976.jpg
- **caption**: Letts in 1976
- **office1**: 1st Chief Minister of the Northern Territory, Majority Leader of the Northern Territory
- **term start1**: 19 October 1974
- **term end1**: 12 August 1977
- **deputy1**: Paul Everingham (1974–1975)
Bernie Kilgariff (1975)
Grant Tambling (1975–1977)
- **predecessor1**: Office created
- **successor1**: Paul Everingham
- **parliament2**: Northern Territory
- **constituency mp2**: Electoral division of Victoria River, Victoria River
- **term start2**: 1974
- **term end2**: 1977
- **predecessor2**: First holder
- **successor2**: Jack Doolan (politician), Jack Doolan
- **birth date**: 18 January 1928
- **birth place**: Donald, Victoria, Australia
- **death date**: 10 March 2023 (aged 95)
- **death place**: Stawell, Victoria, Stawell, Victoria, Australia
- **birthname**: Godfrey Alan Letts
- **nationality**: Australian
- **party**: National Party of Australia, Country (1966–1974)
Country Liberal Party, CLP (1974–1981)
Independent (1981–2023)
- **cabinet**: Letts Executive
Eric Neal

**Sir Eric James Neal** AC CVO FTSE HonFAIB (3 June 1924 – 2 September 2025) was an English-born Australian politician. He was the Governor of South Australia 1996-2001, Commissioner of Sydney from 1987 to 1988, and until the start of 2010, the Chancellor of Flinders University.

Neal was born in London, England and migrated with his family to Adelaide in February 1927.

Neal turned 100 in June 2024. He died on 2 September 2025 in Adelaide at the age of 101.

## Other websites

- Press release of appointment as Chancellor of Flinders University
- University of South Australia - Sir Eric Neal library
- Biography of Chancellor of Flinders University
- Australian Institute of Building Honorary Fellows
- Sir Eric Neal on the Flinders uni Wiki
- A U Soccer Club

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Sir Eric Neal
- **image**: Sir Eric Neal in Adelaide, South Australia 2016.jpg
- **honorific-suffix**: Companion of the Order of Australia, AC Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, CVO Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, FTSE Australian Institute of Building, HonFAIB
- **nationality**: Australian
- **order**: 32nd Governor of South Australia
- **term start**: 1996
- **term end**: 2001
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **premier**: Dean Brown (1996)
John Olsen (1996-2001)
- **predecessor**: Roma Mitchell, Dame Roma Mitchell
- **successor**: Marjorie Jackson-Nelson
- **order2**: List of Mayors and Lord Mayors of Sydney#Commissioners (1987–1988), Chief Commissioner of Sydney
- **term start2**: 1987
- **term end2**: 1988
- **predecessor2**: Doug Sutherland (Sydney mayor), Doug Sutherland
<small>as Lord Mayor</small>
- **successor2**: Jeremy Bingham
<small>as Lord Mayor</small>
- **birth place**: London, England, UK
- **death place**: Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Phillip Bennett

General **Sir Phillip Harvey Bennett** (27 December 1928 – 1 August 2023) was an Australian politician. He is a retired senior officer of the Australian Army. He served as Chief of the Australian Defence Force from 1984 to 1987, and later as Governor of Tasmania from 1987 to 1995.

## Other websites

- Korean War Nominal Roll
- Vietnam War Nominal Roll

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: General (Australia), General
- **name**: Sir Phillip Bennett
- **image**: Sir Phillip Bennett preparing to lay wreath, May 7, 1992.JPEG
- **order**: 23rd
- **office**: Governor of Tasmania
- **term start**: 19 October 1987
- **term end**: 2 October 1995
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II, Queen Elizabeth II
- **predecessor**: James Plimsoll, Sir James Plimsoll
- **successor**: Guy Green (judge), Sir Guy Green
- **birth place**: East Fremantle, Western Australia
- **nationality**: Australian
- **spouse**: Margaret, Lady Bennett
- **occupation**: Soldier
- **allegiance**: Australia
- **serviceyears**: 1946–1987
- **rank**: General (Australia), General
- **branch**: Australian Army
- **commands**: Chief of the Defence Force (Australia), Chief of the Defence Force (1984–87)
Chief of Army (Australia), Chief of General Staff (1982–84)
1st Division (Australia), 1st Division (1977–79)
1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1967–69)
1st Commando Regiment (Australia)#History, 2nd Commando Company (1958–61)
- **battles**: Korean War
Malayan Emergency
Vietnam War
* Battle of Coral–Balmoral
- **mawards**: Companion of the Order of Australia
Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Distinguished Service Order
Venerable Order of Saint John, Knight of the Order of St John
Mentioned in Despatches
Legion of Merit, Commander of the Legion of Merit (United States)
Duke Aiona

**James "Duke" Aiona** (born June 8, 1955) is a Republican state government official for the U.S. state of Hawaii. He was the Lieutenant Governor from 2002 to 2010. During his first term in 2002, he made a campaign to stop drug abuse including crystal methamphetamine and underage drinking. He was the rival of Democrat David Ige who defeated him in the 2014 election for governor.

## Sources

- "James (Duke) R Aiona Jr." State Directory. Bethesda, MD: Carroll Publishing, 2009. Biography in Context. Web. 4 June 2015.
- Lynne Duke Washington Post Staff Writer. "The Right to Bear Barbs; Court Says 'Hateful' Speech, 'Million Youth March' Are Protected."Washington Post. 03 Sep. 1999: A02. eLibrary. Web. 04 Jun. 2015.

## Other websites

- Official campaign website
Evelyn Boyd Granville

**Evelyn Boyd Granville** (May, 1, 1924 – June 27, 2023) was the first African American to get a doctoral degree in math from Yale. She was born in Washington, D.C.. Around this time period, not many Americans acknowledged African Americans, especially African American women. She became a professor at Fisk University. She also worked for IBM and for NASA on the Project Vanguard and Project Mercury space programs. She also taught at California State University in Los Angeles. She spent most of her career as an applied mathematician for the Diamond Ordinance Fuze Laboratories.

She died at her apartment in Silver Spring, Maryland on June 27, 2023, at the age of 99.

## Sources

- "Evelyn Boyd Granville." World of Computer Science. Gale, 2006. Biography in Context. Web. 8 May 2015.
- "Evelyn Boyd Granville." Almanac of Famous People. Gale, 2011. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
Madhur Jaffrey

**Madhur Jaffrey**, CBE (born 13 August 1933) is an Indian cook and writer. She has been recognized in many magazine articles. Sixteen of her books are cookbooks.  The other four are stories. One of her cookbooks is _Madhur Jaffrey's World Vegetarian: More Than 750 Meatless Recipes from Around the Globe_. One of her stories is "Robi Dobi: The Marvelous Adventures of an Indian Elephant." In her recipes, she often uses many spices and herbs. She was married to actor Saeed Jaffrey.

## Bibliography

- "Madhur Jaffrey." Contemporary Authors Online. Detroit: Gale, 2007. Biography in Context. Web. 29 May 2015.
- Ollie Dabbous, Ollie Dabbous. "Gourmet Comfort Food The Chef's Guide to One-pot Cooking ; From Braised Plaice with Samphire to Fig and Honey Cake, Chef Ollie Dabbous Shares Seasonal Recipes That You Can Cook in a Casserole Series:." News International Associated Services Ltd.. 4 oct. 2014: 12 DB - ELibrary. Web. 29 May 2015.

## Infobox (chef)

- **child**: yes
- **style**: Indian cuisine, Indian
- **restaurants**: Dawat, New York City (1986 to present)
- **television**: _Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cookery_ (1982), _Far Eastern Cookery_ (1989), _Listening To Volcanoes_ (1990), _ From Manna to Microwave_ (1990), _Madhur Jaffrey’s Flavours of India_ (1995), _Friends for Dinner_ (2001), _Ready, Steady Cook_ (2001), _Cooking Live_ (2001)
- **awards**: James Beard Foundation Award

* 2006 Cookbook Hall of Fame _An Invitation to Indian Cooking_

* 2004 International Cookbook _From Curries to Kebabs_

* 2002 International Cookbook _Madhur Jaffrey's Step-by-Step Cooking_

* 2000 International Cookbook _Madhur Jaffrey’s World Vegetarian_

* 1994 Cookbook of the Year _Madhur Jaffrey’s A Taste of the Far East_

* 1994 International Cookbook  _Madhur Jaffrey’s A Taste of the Far East_

Guild of Food Writers Award

* 2004 Cookery Book of the Year _The Curry Bible_

* 1999 Cookery Book of the Year _Madhur Jaffrey’s World Vegetarian_

International Association of Culinary Professionals Bert Greene (cookbook author), Bert Greene Award

* 2003 Best Food Journalism in a Magazine _Passage to Pakistan_, Saveur

New York Women in Film & Television Muse Award

* 2000 Outstanding Vision and Achievement

Governor's New York State Division of Women Award for Excellence 1999

Food Arts magazine Silver Spoon Award 1998

Taraknath Das Foundation Award 1993


## Infobox (person)

- **honorific suffix**: CBE
- **name**: Madhur Jaffrey
- **native name**: मधुर जाफ़री
- **native name lang**: Hindi Language, Hindi
- **image**: Madhur Jaffrey crop.jpg
- **caption**: Jaffrey at a book signing in Vancouver in October 2010.
- **birth name**: Madhur Bahadur
- **birth place**: Civil Lines, Delhi, Civil Lines, Delhi, British Raj, British India
- **education**: Miranda House
B.A. English, 1953
Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
Acting Diploma with Honours, 1957
- **spouse**: Saeed Jaffrey (1958–1966)
Sanford Allen (1969 to present)
- **children**: Zia Jaffrey _(b. 1959)_
Meera Jaffrey _(b. 1960)_
Sakina Jaffrey _(b. 1963)_
- **height**: 5'2" (158 cm)