March 9

### Up to 1900

- 141 BC – Liu Che, known after his death as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne of the Han Dynasty in China.
- 1009 – Lithuania is mentioned in the annals of Quedlinburg.
- 1230 – Ivar Asen II of Bulgaria defeats Theodore Epirus in the Battle of Klokonitsa.
- 1276 – Augsburg becomes an Imperial Free City.
- 1500 – The fleet of Pedro Alvares Cabral leaves Lisbon. It intends to reach Calicut, India, but gets to present–day Brazil instead.
- 1566 – David Rizzio, private secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots, is murdered in the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh.
- 1741 – War of Jenkins' Ear: British forces lay siege to Cartagena in present–day Colombia.
- 1781 – American War of Independence: The Spanish _Infanteria de Marina_ under command of Bernardo de Galvez y Madrid occupy Pensacola, Florida. The Battle of Pensacola lasts until May 8.
- 1796 – Napoleon Bonaparte marries Josephine de Beauharnais.
- 1811 – Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Taguari.
- 1842 – Gold is discovered at Rancho San Francisco, California.
- 1842 – The opera Nabucco by Giuseppe Verdi has its first performance in Milan.
- 1847 – Mexican-American War: The first large amphibious (in–water) assault  in US history begins in Veracruz, Mexico.
- 1848 – The Bundestag in Frankfurt declares black, red and gold as the official German national colours.
- 1862 – American Civil War: The USS _Monitor_ and CSS _Virginia_ fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads in the first battle between two iron–clad warships.
- 1888 – Wilhelm I of Germany dies. Friedrich III of Germany becomes Kaiser, but dies only 99 days later due to laryngeal cancer.
- 1896 – Italian Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns.

### 1901 – 2000

- 1902 – The Italian football club Vicenza Calcio is founded.
- 1908 – In Italy, Inter Milan football club is founded by angry members of the Milan Cricket and Football Club, which only allows Italian nationals to participate.
- 1908 – A five–man team reaches the top of Mount Erebus in Antarctica.
- 1916 – Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack on Columbus, New Mexico.
- 1933 – Great Depression: Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to the United States Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.
- 1944 – World War II: Soviet Air Forces conduct a heavy bombing of Tallinn, Estonia, killing up to 800 people, mostly civilians.
- 1945 – World War II: The bombing of Tokyo by US forces begins.
- 1946 – Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster in Burnden Park, Bolton, northwest England, kills 33 people.
- 1954 – CBS programme _See It Now_, reporting on Senator Joseph McCarthy, is broadcast, contributing to the end of the McCarthy Era.
- 1956 – The Soviet military suppresses mass demonstrations in Georgia, which was part of the Soviet Union at the time.
- 1957 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake strikes the Andreanof Islands off Alaska, and triggers a Pacific–wide tsunami.
- 1959 – The first Barbie dolls are sold.
- 1960 – Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner first implants a shunt he invented, into a patient.
- 1961 – Sputnik 9 successfully launches.
- 1967 – Trans World Airlines Flight 553, a Douglas DC–9–15 aircraft, crashes into Concord Township, Ohio, following a collision with a Beechcraft Baron aircraft, killing 26 people.
- 1976 – 42 people die in the Cavalese cable car disaster.
- 1977 – Hanafi Siege: In a 39–hour stand–off, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, DC buildings, killing 2 people and taking 149 hostage.
- 1984 – Tim Witherspoon wins the Heavyweight Boxing Title, defeating Greg Page in Las Vegas, on points.
- 1987 – U2 album The Joshua Tree is released.
- 1989 – Eastern Air Lines files for bankruptcy.
- 1990 – Antonia Novello becomes the first female, and first Hispanic American, to become Surgeon General of the United States.
- 1991 – A massive demonstration against Slobodan Milosevic is held in Belgrade.
- 1997 – Comet Hale–Bopp is seen during the day in China, Mongolia and Siberia, as an eclipse also occurs.

### From 2001

- 2004 – John Allen Muhammad is sentenced to death for the Beltway sniper attacks.
- 2006 – NASA announces the possibility of water existing on Saturn's moon Enceladus.
- 2010 – The first same-sex marriages in Washington, DC are held.
- 2011 – The Space Shuttle Discovery is launched for the last time.
- 2011 – Enda Kenny becomes Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, succeeding Brian Cowen.
- 2015 – Villa Castelli helicopter crash: Two helicopters involved in a French Reality TV programme collide over western Argentina, killing 10 people, including 3 of France's most famous sportspeople.
- 2016 – A solar eclipse is seen over Eastern Asia and the Pacific Ocean. Totality is mainly seen over Indonesia and parts of the Western Pacific.
- 2018 – The 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, begin.

### Up to 1900

- 1213 – Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1271)
- 1285 – Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (d. 1318)
- 1454 – Amerigo Vespucci, Italian explorer and cartographer (d. 1512)
- 1564 – David Fabricius, German astronomer (d. 1617)
- 1568 – Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (d. 1591)
- 1629 – Tsar Alexis I of Russia (d. 1676)
- 1695 – Martin Sarmiento, Spanish writer and scholar (d. 1772)
- 1697 – Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (d. 1760)
- 1727 – Johann Gottlieb Preller, German cantor, composer and land surveyor (d. 1786)
- 1737 – Josef Muslivecek, Czech composer (d. 1781)
- 1749 – Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, French writer and politician (d. 1791)
- 1753 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (d. 1800)
- 1758 – Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroscientist (d. 1828)
- 1763 – William Cobbett, English writer (d. 1835)
- 1814 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet (d. 1861)
- 1824 – Amasa Leland Stanford, American businessman and politician (d. 1893)
- 1847 – Martin Pierre Marsick, Belgian violinist (d. 1924)
- 1856 – Eddie Foy, American singer and actor (d. 1928)
- 1856 – Tom Roberts, Australian artist (d. 1931)
- 1856 – Edward Goodrich Acheson, American chemist and technician (d. 1931)
- 1877 – Stuart Stickney, American golfer (d. 1932)
- 1881 – Ernest Bevin, British politician and trade unionist (d. 1951)
- 1882 – Arthur Beecher Carles, American painter (d. 1952)
- 1883 – Umberto Saba, Italian poet and writer (d. 1957)
- 1884 – Johan Salonen, Finnish wrestler (d. 1938)
- 1886 – Kenneth Edwards, American golfer (d. 1952)
- 1887 – Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and eugenicist (d. 1976)
- 1890 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician (d. 1986)
- 1891 – José P. Laurel, 3rd President of the Philippines (d. 1959)
- 1892 – Vita Sackville-West, British writer (d. 1962)
- 1894 – Frank Arnau, German writer (d. 1976)
- 1900 – Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat (d. 1948)

### 1901 – 1950

- 1902 – Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1903 – Albert Gregory Meyer, American cardinal (d. 1965)
- 1905 – Gerardus Philippus Helders, Dutch politician (d. 2013)
- 1911 – Clara Rockmore, Lithuanian–American theremin performer (d. 1998)
- 1916 – Puey Ungpakorn, Thai bureaucrat (d. 1999)
- 1918 – Mickey Spillane, American writer (d. 2006)
- 1918 – George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party (d. 1967)
- 1920 – Franjo Mihalic, Croatian–Serbian runner and coach (d. 2015)
- 1923 – James L. Buckley, American politician
- 1923 – Walter Kohn, Austrian–born physicist (d. 2016)
- 1923 – André Courrèges, French fashion designer (d. 2016)
- 1924 – Peter Scholl-Latour, German journalist and writer (d. 2014)
- 1925 – Ernest Braun, Austrian–British academic and writer (d. 2015)
- 1925 – C. William Miller, American politician (d. 2006)
- 1926 – Joe Franklin, American radio and television host (d. 2015)
- 1929 – Zillur Rahman, 15th President of Bangladesh (d. 2013)
- 1929 – Desmond Hoyte, President of Guyana (d. 2002)
- 1930 – Stephen Fumio Hamao, Japanese cardinal (d. 2007)
- 1930 – Taina Elg, Finnish–American actress and dancer
- 1930 – Ota Filip, Czech novelist and journalist (d. 2018)
- 1930 – Ornette Coleman, American jazz saxophonist, trumpeter and composer (d. 2015)
- 1931 – Billy Frank, Jr., American environmental activist (d. 2014)
- 1931 – Jackie Healy-Rae, Irish politician (d. 2014)
- 1931 – Leon Febres Cordero, President of Ecuador (d. 2008)
- 1931 – Gilles Perrault, French writer and journalist
- 1932 – Rodolfo Quezada Toruño, Guatemalan cardinal (d. 2012)
- 1932 – Qayyum Chowdhury, Bangladeshi painter (d. 2014)
- 1932 – Walter Mercado, Puerto Rican astrologer and critic
- 1933 – Mel Lastman, Canadian politician, 62nd Mayor of Toronto
- 1933 – Lloyd Price, American musician
- 1933 – David Weatherall, English physician and geneticist
- 1934 – Yuri Gagarin, Soviet pilot and cosmonaut, first person to travel into space (d. 1968)
- 1934 – Joyce Van Patten, American actress
- 1935 – Andrew Viterbi, Italian–American electronic engineer and businessman
- 1936 – Mickey Gilley, American musician and singer
- 1936 – Marty Ingels, American actor (d. 2015)
- 1937 – Bernard Landry, Quebec politician
- 1937 – Harry Neale, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1937 – Brian Redman, English racing driver
- 1938 – Tom Adams, English actor (d. 2014)
- 1938 – Lill-Babs, Swedish singer (d. 2018)
- 1942 – John Cale, Welsh musician (The Velvet Underground)
- 1942 – Mark Lindsay, American musician of Paul Revere and the Raiders
- 1943 – Bobby Fischer, American–Icelandic chess player (d. 2008)
- 1944 – Lee Irvine, South African cricketer
- 1945 – Katja Ebstein, German singer
- 1945 – Robin Trower, English musician
- 1945 – Dennis Rader, American serial killer
- 1946 – Alexandra Bastedo, English actress (d. 2014)
- 1946 – Bernd Hölzenbein, German footballer
- 1947 – Emiliano Mondonico, Italian footballer (d. 2018)
- 1947 – Keri Hulme, New Zealand writer
- 1948 – Emma Bonino, Italian politician
- 1948 – Chris Thompson, English singer and guitarist
- 1948 – Eric Fischl, American painter, sculptor and printmaker
- 1949 – Neil Hamilton, Welsh politician (Conservative Party and UKIP)

### 1951 – 1975

- 1951 – Zakir Hussain, Indian tabla player
- 1951 – Helen Zille, South African politician
- 1952 – Bill Beaumont, English rugby player
- 1952 – Uliana Semenova, Latvian basketball player
- 1954 – Bobby Sands, Northern Irish political activist, IRA member and hunger striker (d. 1981)
- 1955 – Teo Fabi, Italian racing driver
- 1955 – Ornella Muti, Italian actress
- 1955 – Pat Murphy, American science fiction writer
- 1956 – Shashi Tharoor, Indian politician
- 1956 – David Willetts, British politician
- 1957 – Mona Sahlin, Swedish politician
- 1958 – Linda Fiorentino, American actress
- 1958 – Martin Fry, English singer
- 1958 – Jack Kenny, American television producer and writer
- 1959 – Takaaki Kajita, Japanese physicist
- 1959 – Lonny Price, American actor and director
- 1960 – Elsa Cayat, French psychoanalyst and writer (d. 2015)
- 1962 – Pete Wishart, Scottish musician and politician (Scottish National Party)
- 1963 – Jean-Marc Vallée, Canadian movie director and screenwriter
- 1964 – Juliette Binoche, French actress
- 1964 – Valérie Lemercier, French actress, singer and director
- 1964 – Herbert Fandel, German football referee
- 1965 – Antonio Saca, former President of El Salvador
- 1965 – Mike Pollock, American actor
- 1968 – Youri Djorkaeff, French footballer
- 1968 – Maggie Aderin-Pocock, English space scientist
- 1968 – Johnny Kelly, American drummer
- 1969 – Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player
- 1970 – Martin Johnson, English rugby player and coach
- 1970 – Shannon Leto, American musician and actor
- 1970 – David Guido Pietroni, Italian movie director and producer
- 1971 – Diego Torres, Argentine singer
- 1972 – Jean Louisa Kelly, American actress and singer
- 1973 – Matteo Salvini, Italian politician
- 1975 – Roy Makaay, Dutch footballer
- 1975 – Juan Sebastian Veron, Argentine footballer

### From 1976

- 1976 – Ben Mulroney, Canadian television host
- 1978 – Lucas Neill, Australian footballer
- 1980 – Chingy, American rapper and writer
- 1980 – Matthew Gray Gubler, American actor
- 1983 – Luke Charteris, Welsh rugby player
- 1983 – Clint Dempsey, American footballer
- 1983 – Maite Perroni, Mexican singer-songwriter and actress
- 1984 – Julia Mancuso, American skier
- 1986 – Brittany Snow, American actress
- 1987 – Bow Wow, American rapper
- 1987 – Stacey Dooley, English television presenter
- 1988 – Alodia Gosiengfiao, Filipino model, actress and singer
- 1989 – Taeyeon, South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)
- 1989 – Artem Borodulin, Russian figure skater
- 1989 – Klariza Clayton, English actress
- 1990 – Daley Blind, Dutch footballer
- 1990 – Bilel Ifa, Tunisian footballer
- 1990 – Tatsuki Machida, Japanese figure skater
- 1991 – Jade Etherington, English skier
- 1993 – Suga, South Korean rapper, singer and actress
- 1994 – Morgan Rielly, Canadian ice hockey player
- 2018 – Princess Adrienne, Duchess of Blekinge, Swedish royal

### Up to 1900

- 1202 – Sverre of Norway
- 1440 – Saint Frances of Rome, Italian nun (b. 1384)
- 1566 – David Rizzio, Italian secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1533)
- 1649 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman (b. 1606)
- 1649 – Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier (b. 1590)
- 1661 – Cardinal Mazarin, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1602)
- 1808 – Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (b. 1739)
- 1825 – Anna Laetitia Barbauld, English poet, essayist and writer (b. 1743)
- 1831 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752)
- 1847 – Mary Anning, English paleontologist (b. 1799)
- 1851 – Hans Christian Orsted, Danish physicist (b. 1777)
- 1888 – Kaiser Wilhelm I of Germany (b. 1797)
- 1895 – Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (b. 1836)
- 1897 – Jamal-al-Din Afghani, Afghan politician and activist (b. 1838)
- 1897 – Sondre Norheim, Norwegian skier (b. 1825)

### 1901 – 2000

- 1918 – Frank Wedekind, German writer (b. 1864)
- 1926 – Usui Mikao, Japanese founder of Reiki healing (b. 1865)
- 1936 – Sri Yukteswar Giri, Indian guru and swami (b. 1855)
- 1936 – Sidney Johnston Catts, Governor of Florida (b. 1863)
- 1945 – Margot Frank, sister of Anne Frank (b. 1926)
- 1952 – Alexandra Kollontai, Russian revolutionary, diplomat and writer (b. 1872)
- 1954 – Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (b. 1912)
- 1955 – Miroslava, Czech–Mexican actress (b. 1925)
- 1962 – Zdenek Nejedly, Czech historian, literary critic and musicologist (b. 1878)
- 1971 – Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church (b. 1902)
- 1974 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr., American physiologist (b. 1915)
- 1981 – Max Delbrück, German–American physicist and geneticist (b. 1906)
- 1983 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist (b. 1905)
- 1983 – Faye Emerson, American actress (b. 1917)
- 1988 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Chancellor of West Germany (b. 1904)
- 1992 – Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1913)
- 1993 – C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian (b. 1909)
- 1994 – Fernando Rey, Spanish actor (b. 1917)
- 1996 – George Burns, American actor and singer (b. 1896)
- 1997 – Terry Nation, Welsh writer and screenwriter (b. 1930)
- 1997 – The Notorious B. I. G., American rapper (b. 1972)

### From 2001

- 2003 – Bernard Dowiyogo, President of Nauru (b. 1946)
- 2004 – Albert Mol, Dutch actor (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Geir Ivarsøy, Norwegian programmer, co–founder of Opera Software ASA (b. 1957)
- 2006 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (b. 1932)
- 2007 – Brad Delp, American singer and musician (b. 1951)
- 2010 – Granny D, American political activist (b. 1910)
- 2012 – Jose Tomas Sanchez, Filipino cardinal (b. 1920)
- 2013 – Viren J. Shah, Indian politician, 21st Governor of West Bengal (b. 1926)
- 2014 – Carlos Moreno, Argentine actor (b. 1938)
- 2014 – Gerard Mortier, Belgian opera director and administrator (b. 1943)
- 2014 – Glenn McDuffie, American World War II sailor (b. 1927)
- 2014 – Mohammed Fahim, Vice President of Afghanistan (b. 1957)
- 2014 – William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (b. 1925)
- 2015 – Jack Harte, Irish politician (b. 1920)
- 2015 – James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead, Northern Irish politician (b. 1920)
- 2015 – David B. Frohnmayer, American attorney (b. 1940)
- 2015 – Windell Middlebrooks, American actor (b. 1979)
- 2015 – Juanita Morrow Nelson, American activist (b. 1923)
- 2015 – Frei Otto, German architect (b. 1925)
- 2015 – French sportspeople killed in the Villa Castelli helicopter crash in Argentina:
    - Florence Arthaud, French sailor (b. 1957)
    - Camille Muffat, French swimmer (b. 1989)
    - Alexis Vastine, French boxer (b. 1986)
- 2016 – Clyde Lovellette, American basketball player (b. 1929)
- 2016 – Nana Vasconcelos, Brazilian jazz musician (b. 1944)
- 2016 – Sergio Arellano Stark, Chilean military officer (b. 1921)
- 2016 – Jon English, English–Australian musician and actor (b. 1949)
- 2016 – Ray Griff, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
- 2016 – Robert Horton, American actor (b. 1924)
- 2016 – Bill Wade, American football player (b. 1930)
- 2017 – Anthony Delhalle, French motorcycle racer (b. 1982)
- 2017 – Hla Myint, Burmese economist (b. 1920)
- 2017 – Kasugafuji Akihiro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1966)
- 2017 – Barbara Helsingius, Finnish singer, poet and fencer (b. 1937)
- 2018 – Chris Gedney, American football player (b. 1970)
- 2018 – Jo Min-ki, South Korean actor and professor (b. 1965)
- 2018 – Jung Jae-sung, South Korean badminton player (b. 1982)
- 2018 – George A. Sinner, American politician, Governor of North Dakota (b. 1928)
- 2018 – Ion Voinescu, Romanian footballer (b. 1929)
- 2018 – Oskar Gröning, German war criminal (b. 1921)
- 2018 – Ali Asghar Khodadoust, Iranian surgeon (b. 1935)
- 2018 – Millie Dunn Veasey, American activist (b. 1918)
- 2019 – Jed Allan, American actor (b. 1935)
- 2019 – Alberto Bucci, Italian basketball coach (b. 1948)
- 2019 – Bernard Binlin Dadié, Ivorian novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1916)
- 2019 – Vladimir Etush, Russian actor (b. 1922)
- 2019 – Harry Howell, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932)

## Observances

- Teacher's Day (Lebanon)