juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sehol

**Sol** - a Chinese manufacturer of electric crossovers based in Hefei operating since 2018. The brand belongs to a Sino-Spanish joint-venture between the JAC Motors concern and the SEAT company.

## History

In April 2018, during the Beijing Auto Show, the premiere of the new electric cars Sol brand took place, which was established on the initiative of joint-venture between the Chinese concern JAC Motors and belonging to Volkswagen and the Spanish brand SEAT. The name 'Sol' comes from the Spanish word meaning 'sun', which refers to the origins of the brand's co-founder and renewable energy sources.

Originally, SEAT planned to start selling on the Chinese market under its own name, but this was opposed by the Chinese government, which co-owns the associated with JAC Motors. It was decided to implement SEAT technology under a new brand, which resulted in the creation of Sol.

The first model presented during the brand's premiere and so far the only one in the Sol portfolio is the electric city crossover E20X combining the stylistic features of SEAT vehicles with its twin model from the co-owner of the branch, JAC Refine S2.

From 2020, JAC began to rename Jiayue series products to Sol. The result was Sol A5, Sol X4, Sol X7, and Sol X8. The rebranding is actually a move to bring all sedans and crossovers under the Sol brand and keep the Refine brand with the MPV.

As of 2021, Sol was renamed into **Sehol**.

In 2023, several Sehol models such as the QX, A5 and X8 were rebranded to the JAC brand. JAC revealed that it has decided to phase out the Sehol brand in the future.

### Current models

- Sehol E10X (2021-present), city car, based on the restyled version of JAC iEV6E.
- Sehol A5, (2019–present), compact sedan, rebadged from Jiayue A5
    - Sehol E50A(2021–present), EV variant of A5
    - Sehol A5 Plus, (2021–present), a sportier variant of the A5
        - Sehol E50A Pro (2022-present), EV variant of A5 Plus
- Sehol X4 (2020–present), compact SUV, rebadged from Jiayue X4, based on the JAC Refine S4.
    - Sehol E40X (2021-present), EV variant of X4
- Sehol X6 (2022–present), compact SUV, based on the JAC Refine S5.
- Sehol X7 (2020–present), mid-size SUV, rebadged from Jiayue X7 based on the JAC Refine S7
- Sehol X8 (2020–present), mid-size SUV
- Sehol QX (2021-present), compact SUV

### Discontinued models

- Sehol E20X (2018-2022), subcompact SUV, based on the JAC Refine S2.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (brand)

- **name**: Sehol
- **type**: Automotive marque
- **currentowner**: JAC Group, JAC Motors
- **origin**: China
- **introduced**: 2018
- **related**: SEAT
- **markets**: China
- **previousowners**: Volkswagen Anhui, JAC Volkswagen (2018-2020)
- **website**: http://www.sol-auto.com.cn/home.html
Adel Karam

**Adel Karam** (; born 20 August 1961) is a Lebanese actor, comedian and TV presenter.

## Career

Karam started his acting career with the comedy show "S.L.CHI" at MTV Lebanon in 1980s, which later became a film, _S.L.Film_, in 1989. He later starred in comedy shows such as: "La Youmal" at Future TV and "Mafi Metlo" at MTV Lebanon.

He also acted in films and TV series such as: _Caramel_, _Where Do We Go Now?_, _The Insult_, _Dollar_, and _Perfect Strangers_. In addition, he hosted talk shows: _Hayda Haki_ (2003–2007) and its spiritual successor _Beit El Kell_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Adel Karam
- **image**: Adel_Karam,_Beit_El_Kell,_MTV_Lebanon_-_Jan_4,_2020.jpg
- **caption**: Adel Karam in 2020
- **birth place**: Beirut, Lebanon
- **nationality**: Lebanese
- **occupation**: Actor, comedian and TV presenter
- **yearsactive**: 1987–present
- **children**: 1
68th Academy Awards

The **68th Academy Awards** ceremony, organized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 1995 in the United States and took place on March 25, 1996, at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles beginning at 6:00 p.m. PST / 9:00 p.m. EST. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as _Oscars_) in 24 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by David Salzman and Quincy Jones and directed by Jeff Margolis. Actress Whoopi Goldberg hosted the show for the second time, having previously presided over the 66th ceremony in 1994. Three weeks earlier, in a ceremony held at the Regent Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, on March 2, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Richard Dreyfuss.

_Braveheart_ won five awards, including Best Picture. Other winners included _Apollo 13_, _Pocahontas_, _Restoration_, and _The Usual Suspects_ with two awards and _Anne Frank Remembered_, _Antonia's Line_, _Babe_, _A Close Shave_, _Dead Man Walking_, _Leaving Las Vegas_, _Lieberman in Love_, _Mighty Aphrodite_, _One Survivor Remembers_, _Il Postino: The Postman_, and _Sense and Sensibility_ with one. The telecast garnered almost 45 million viewers in the United States.
Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport

**Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport** is an airport in southeastern Romania. It is in the commune of Mihail Kogălniceanu. The airport includes the 57th Air Base of the Romanian Air Force.
Niharika Chouksey

**Niharika Chouksey** is an Indian actress. She made her television debut in 2021 by playing role of Nishtha Birla in _Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai_. In 2022, She also played the lead role of Faltu Singh Mittal in _Faltu_. Currently she is playing lead role of Anu Sharma in new television series _Tumm Se Tumm Tak._

## Early life and education

Niharika was born and raised in Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. She is pursuing arts and Information technology in Thakur Ramnarayan College of Arts.

### Television

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|Ref.||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2018|Yeh Hai Mohabbatein|_Yeh Hai Mohabbatein_|Ananya|Cameo||
|2021|_Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai_|Nishtha Birla||||
|2022-2023|_Faltu_|Faltu Singh Mittal|Lead|||
|2023-2024|_Aaina - Roop Nahin, Haqeeqat Bhi Dikhaye_|Sunaina|Lead|||
|2025-present|_Tumm Se Tumm Tak_|Anu Sharma|Lead|||

### Films

|Year|Title|Role|Ref.||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2022|Janhit Mein Jaari|_Janhit Mein Jaari_|Simmi||
|2022|Jahaan Chaar Yaar|_Jahaan Chaar Yaar_|Sara||
|2023|A Winter Tale at Shimla|_A Winter Tale at Shimla_|Diya||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Niharika Chouksey
- **caption**: Photo of Niharika Chouksey
- **birth place**: Burhanpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
- **nationality**: Indian
- **citizenship**: Indian
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 2018 - Present
- **known for**: Faltu (TV series)
On Top of the World

"**On Top of the World**" is a 2013 song by American pop rock band Imagine Dragons. It is from their major-label debut EP _Continued Silence_ (2012) and later on their debut studio album _Night Visions_ (2012). It went to number 3 in Belgium (Wallonia), number 4 in South Africa, number 6 in Austria, number 10 in Australia, Italy and New Zealand, number 11 in Belgium (Flanders), number 13 in Germany, number 14 in the Netherlands and Switzerland and number 21 in the Czech Republic and Spain. It charted poorly in the United States where it made #79. The song was used on the soundtrack of the video game _FIFA 13_.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: On Top of the World
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Imagine Dragons
- **album**: Night Visions
- **released**: March 18, 2013
- **recorded**: 2011–12
- **studio**: Westlake Recording Studios, Los Angeles
- **label**: * KidinaKorner
* Interscope Records, Interscope
* Universal Music Group, Universal
- **writer**: * Ben McKee
* Dan Platzman
* Dan Reynolds
*
*
- **producer**: * Imagine Dragons
* Alex da Kid
- **prev title**: Demons (Imagine Dragons song), Demons
- **prev year**: 2013
- **next title**: Monster (Imagine Dragons song), Monster
- **next year**: 2013
Gandrung

**Gandrung** (Javanese: ꦒꦤ꧀ꦝꦿꦸꦁ) is a traditional dance from Indonesia. It is popular in Bali, Lombok, and Eastern Java among the Sasak, and Javanese people. The most famous is from Banyuwangi in Eastern Java, where the city is sometimes called "_the city of gandrung_". Originally, it was a dance for the rice goddess, but now it is more of a cultural dance than religious since the Javanese and Sasak people became Muslims in the 16th century.

Nowadays, Gandrung is danced at social events or for tourists. During the dance, traditional music is played, similar to the gamelan (Orchestra), with instruments like violins, gendangs, bonang, gongs, and xylophones. A singer usually sings with the music.

## Name

_Gandrung_ comes from the Javanese word for "love". It is believed the dance began as a way to show love for the rice goddess _Dewi Sri_ and as a fertility dance. But now, especially among Muslim Javanese and Sasak, it is more of a social and cultural dance. The dance is now about a girl searching for love, and is no longer for the rice goddess.

## Dance

Gandrung is often danced all night from around 9 p.m. until just before sunrise. Sometimes, it's performed for tourists in Bali or Grajagan Bay in Banyuwangi. People also dance it at special events like weddings or circumcisions.

The main dancer, called the gandrung, is usually a young unmarried girl or sometimes a boy dressed as a girl. They wear traditional clothes with a fan, shawl, and fancy headgear. Sometimes, there's more than one gandrung dancer.

At the start, the dancers are on the side of the stage with the music group. When the music begins, they dance to the center. If a dancer sees someone in the audience they want to dance with, they throw their shawl to them, inviting them onstage. Then, they dance together. After dancing, the audience member often gives a small amount of money.

Gandrung is also a way for boys and girls in central and eastern Lombok to show affection. They dance it outside in a circle. Similar dances are seen in other parts of Indonesia like ronggeng, tayuban, jaipongan, and joged.

## Music

Gandrung is danced to music played by a traditional group. This group usually has violins, drums, gongs, and xylophones. A singer sings during the dance. Also, every performance needs a _panjak_, also known as a pengudang or encourager. Their job is to cheer on the dancers and add some fun to the show. Sometimes, the kluncing player takes on this role.

Different places have their own bands for the dance, like in Banyuwangi, Bali, and Lombok. The music might vary a bit depending on where it's played. People say the music is lively and natural. Many anthropologists have recorded the Gandrung music.
Preston, Missouri

**Preston** is a village in Hickory County, Missouri, United States.
Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux

**Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux** is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Église Saint-Paul de Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux.JPG
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Paul in Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Paul-Cap-de-Joux (Tarn).svg
- **arrondissement**: Castres
- **canton**: Plaine de l'Agoût
- **insee**: 81266
- **postal code**: 81220
- **mayor**: Laurent Vandendriessche
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Lautrécois et Pays d'Agout
- **elevation min m**: 127
- **elevation max m**: 300
- **area km2**: 17.01
Big Lake, Missouri

**Big Lake** is a village in Holt County, Missouri, United States.
Bigelow, Missouri

**Bigelow** is a village in Holt County, Missouri, United States.
Corning, Missouri

**Corning** is a ghost town in Holt County, Missouri, United States.
Fortescue, Missouri

**Fortescue** is a village in Holt County, Missouri, United States.
Brandsville, Missouri

**Brandsville** is a city in Howell County, Missouri, United States.
Mountain View, Missouri

**Mountain View** is a city in Howell County, Missouri, United States.
Willow Springs, Missouri

**Willow Springs** is a city in Howell County, Missouri, United States.
You Can Win If You Want

"**You Can Win If You Want**" is a 1985 song by German pop duo Modern Talking and is the second and final single from their debut studio album _The 1st Album_. It topped the single charts in Austria and Germany and made the top 10 in Belgium, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and Switzerland. It did poorly in the United Kingdom where it made #70.

## Track listings

- **7-inch single**
1. "You Can Win If You Want" (Special Single Remix) – 3:44
1. "One in a Million" – 3:42

- **12-inch maxi single**
1. "You Can Win If You Want" (Special Dance Version) – 5:19
1. "You Can Win If You Want" (Instrumental) – 3:43
1. "One in a Million" – 3:42

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You Can Win If You Want
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Modern Talking
- **album**: The 1st Album (Modern Talking album), The 1st Album
- **released**: 13 March 1985
- **recorded**: October 1984
- **genre**: Euro disco
- **label**: Hansa Records, Hansa
- **writer**: Dieter Bohlen
- **producer**: Dieter Bohlen
- **prev title**: You're My Heart, You're My Soul
- **prev year**: 1984
- **next title**: Cheri, Cheri Lady
- **next year**: 1985
The Ultimate Showdown of Ultimate Destiny

The **ultimate showdown of ultimate destiny**, or just the ultimate showdown, is a flash animation and song by Lemon Demon, and altffour in December 22nd, 2005.

The fight is started by Godzilla 'hopping' around Tokyo, Japan, and Batman 'burst from the shade' and proceeded to hit Godzilla with a bat grenade, then Shaq blocks him and 'opens up a can of Shaq-Fu'. Then a lot of people (eg. Jackie Chan, Abraham Lincoln, etc.) start fighting.

Chuck Norris eventually flies down from Heaven, and delivering a kick, that could 'shatter bones', into the crotch of Indiana Jones, and kills Batman, who is now Bruce Wayne. Soon on, 19 characters kill Chuck.

Around 50 people or things are depicted.

The fight is said to have gone on for a century, and the 'bloodiest battle' the world ever saw, and the winner is Mister Rogers, in a blood stained sweater.
Polypedates braueri

The **white-lipped tree frog**, **Java tree frog**, **upland tree frog**, or **Taiwan whipping frog** (_Polypedates braueri_) is a frog.  It lives in China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, and India. Human beings brought them to Guam by accident. People have seen them between 0 and 2200 meters above sea level.

This frog can live in forests, in fruit tree farms, and in bamboo. The female frog makes a nest out of foam on a plant over a pool and lays 400-500 eggs at a time. These frogs can lay eggs over many types of water, but they like shallow water with many plants the most.

Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place and because it can live in places that humans have changed. The frogs that live in Taiwan may be threatened by _Polypedates megacephalus_, which humans brought to Taiwan.
Henri Bernadotte

**Henri Bernadotte**  (Pau, October 14, 1711 - March 31, 1780) was a French lawyer. He is known for being the father of Charles XIV John of Sweden and predecessor of the current Swedish royal family.
Mandola

The **mandola** is similar to a mandolin. The mandolin is tuned to the same notes as a violin (G3-D4-A4-E5). The mandola is tuned to the same notes as a viola, replacing the high E with a low C (C3-G3-D4-A4).
Major Claus Enevold Paarss

**Major Claus Enevold Paarss** (18 February 1683 – 26 May 1762) was a Danish military officer and official. Retired from service, he was appointed governor of Greenland by King Frederick IV between 1728. Paarss was born in Thy in then Denmark–Norway in 1683 and commanded a Danish man-of-war and threeand 1730.  His contingent of colonists consisted of twenty soldiers, three sergeants, and two officers from the Danish artillery corps, along with twelve military convicts, ten unmarried mothers, and two female convicts who were to be wed to one another according to lots. He also carried a dozen horses. Paarss died in Korsør in 1762.
Duck and Cover (movie)

**Duck and Cover** is a United States civil defense movie for children from 1951. Like civil defense training movies for adults, this movie was prepared for children and was widely shown to United States school children in the 1950s. It teaches students what to do in the event of a nuclear explosion. The movie shows an animated tortoise named Bert the Turtle and schoolchildren who show how to protect oneself from a nuclear explosion by using the duck and cover position.

At the time, there was a Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and their relations were bad. This fear, mistrust and perceived threat between the two countries, led to an arms race with more modern weapons, and especially to a nuclear arms race with nuclear weapons, which they often tested. This led to a fear of World War III, which could be a nuclear war. The United States was also fighting the Soviet Union's allies North Korea and China in the Korean War. The Cold War also led to the Second Red Scare in the United States.

The movie was funded by the United States Federal Civil Defense Administration, was filmed in 1951 and was released in January 1952. The movie was written by Raymond J. Mauer, directed by Anthony Rizzo of Archer Productions, narrated by actor Robert Middleton and made with the help of schoolchildren from New York City and Astoria, New York.

The movie is in the public domain and is widely available on the Internet, on websites such as YouTube. The movie is also available on DVD.

In 2004, the movie was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

## Other websites

- _Duck and Cover_ at the TCM Movie Database

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Duck and Cover
- **image**: Bert2.png
- **caption**: A poster for the movie that features Bert the Turtle.
- **director**: Anthony Rizzo
- **writer**: Raymond J. Mauer
- **narrator**: Robert Middleton
- **distributor**: Archer Productions
- **runtime**: 9 min 15 sec
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Speedy (DC Comics)

**Speedy** is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character is the sidekick to Green Arrow and a member of Team Arrow.

### Roy Harper

Originally Speedy was **Roy Harper**, the legal ward of Oliver Queen. As a young super-hero, he fights crime using martial arts and trick arrows. Eventually he would out-grow this position and graduate to calling himself Arsenal, then later Red Arrow. He was a member of the Teen Titans in his youth. Roy Harper was created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp, first appearing in _More Fun Comics_ #73 (1941).

### Mia Dearden

**Mia Dearden** is the second and current Speedy. She is a young girl adopted by Oliver Queen, who rescued her from a trafficking ring. Mia Dearden was created by Kevin Smith and Phil Hester, first appearing in _Green Arrow (Volume 3) #2_. (2001)

## Powers and abilities

Like Robin, Speedy does not have powers and is very skilled in hand-to-hand combat. Speedy is also exceptionally adept in archery, as he once was a former sidekick of archer superheroes such as Green Arrow.
Poul Hansen Egede

**Poul Hansen Egede** (9 September 1708 – 6 June 1789)  who was the **Superintendent of Greenland**, he was a theologian, missionary, and scholar who was principally concerned with the Lutheran mission among the Kalaallit people in Greenland Paul Egede died in Copenhagen in 1789, having published in that year his journal of his life in Greenland.
Yowlah

The **Yowlah**, (Arabic: اليولة or العيالة, al-ʿayyalah or al-ʿiyyalah) also known as **Al-Yola**, is a traditional folk dance of the United Arab Emirates. The person who performs the dance is called a **Yawil**. The dance is also performed in Oman and Qatar. It is commonly performed at weddings and celebrations. It involves men and women dancing separately to traditional music, along with sounds of drums and other instruments. Started as a Bedouin war dance, it was originally performed by men turning their rifles or swords in round shape after a victory in battle. The dance includes people of all age from children to old.

## Transformation

In the past, men used real weapons which had bullets but today they use the light weight weapons similar to Kalashnikov rifles, and also without bullets. Children mostly use sticks instead of weapons as they are easier to use. Mohammed Al-Yateen, who led the _Dubai Military Association band_ explains that,> _"performing the Yowlah was tougher in the past, because in those times, the rifles were heavier compared to today. It's an art that showcases a man's strength, as not everyone can master the skill required to perform the Yowlah."_

Balancing the weapon with skillful hand movements is also very important for this folk dance.

## The Dance

The Yawil, who leads the dance, uses a weapon or sometimes a wooden piece shaped like a weapon, in the dance. The dance is started by walking slowly with the weapon, then quickly rotating the weapon in a circle, then throwing the weapon into the air at a medium distance, and the yawil then receives the weapon while sitting on one knee.

In the old days, men used to sing "challah" without any drums or rhythms. But now, rhythms have become an important part of this art. In the old days, men would stand in rows and sing verses repeatedly, making the place echo with their voices. The first row would sing a verse to the tune of "challah war," and then the second row would reply with another verse. This would continue, making the sound of the singing louder and louder.

## World records

In November 2014, _yowlah_ (with the name of Al-Ayyala) was recorded on UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage Items of Humanity.

On 26 November 2010, Guiness Book of World Records recorded the largest Yowlah dance in Fujairah where 285 participants from three different tribes performed at a final event of the traditional sword competition for the Crown Prince of Fujairah.

## Related pages

- Al-ras (drum)
Spider-Woman

**Spider-Woman** is one of Marvel Comics' most popular superheroines, and as such, she has a traction of various alternate versions and characters who had taken her mantle.

The first Spider-Woman, **Valerie the Librarian**, made her first appearance in _Spidey Super Stories_ #6 (December 24th, 1974). While **Jessica Drew**, the most famous Spider-Woman, made her debut in _Marvel Spotlight_ #32 (November 9th, 1976); in spite of her name, Jessica Drew is very rarely related to Spider-Man in any way. The second major version is **Julia Carpenter**, who first appeared in _Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #6_ in June of 1984, and the third major version is **Mattie Franklin**, who first appeared in _The Spectacular Spider-Man_ #262 (October 1998).

Several alternate reality incarnations of the character have additionally received notoriety, including the Ultimate Spider-Woman, Ashley Barton, and Gwen Stacy.

## In other media

The character has since appeared in different forms of media, such as action figures, movies, television series, and video games as well.
Spider-Woman (Jessica Drew)

**Spider-Woman** (real name **Jessica Miriam "Jess" Drew**) is a fictional character and superheroine in Marvel Comics. The character was created by Archie Goodwin and the late Marie Severin, and first appeared in _Marvel Spotlight_ #32 in February of 1977. She is the first **Spider-Woman** in the Marvel Universe, an ally of Spider-Man and his numerous spider allies, and member of the Avengers, Lady Liberators, and Daughters of Liberty.

## Fictional character biography

She is the daughter of Jonathan and Meriem, and was injected with a serum made of the blood of several uncommon species of spiders after being effected by Uranium. After her age accelerated, she was taken under HYDRA until she refused to assassinate Nick Fury, and later left and became the superheroine Spider-Woman. Jessica went onto become an ally of Spider-Man, another superhero who was bitten by a radioactive spider and gave him powers similar to hers. She later became a member of the Avengers, Lady Liberators, Spider-Army, an agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. and S.W.O.R.D.

## In other media

Jessica Drew has been described as one of Marvel's most notable and powerful female heroes. She made her cinematic debut in _Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse_ (2023) as **Jess Drew**, voiced by Issa Rae, who will reprise her role in _Spider-Man: Beyond the Spider-Verse_.
Spider-Woman (Mattie Franklin)

**Martha "Mattie" Franklin**, under the identity as **Spider-Woman**, is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The niece of J. Jonah Jameson, she is the third character to be called Spider-Woman.

## In other media

Mattie Franklin / Spider-Woman made her cinematic debut in the animated movie _Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse_ (2023), depicted as a member of Miguel O'Hara's Spider-Society, and is portrayed in live-action by Celeste O'Connor in the Sony's Spider-Man Universe movie _Madame Web_ (2024).
Thunderbolts (comics)

The **Thunderbolts** are an antihero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team consists mostly of reformed supervillains. Created by Kurt Busiek and Mark Bagley, the team first appeared in _The Incredible Hulk_ (vol. 2) #449 (January 1997).

## In other media

The team made its live-action cinematic debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) movie _Thunderbolts*_ (2025).
Voices (Matchbook Romance album)

***Voices*** is the second studio album by Matchbook Romance. The album was released on February 14, 2006.

## Track listing

1. "You Can Run, But We'll Find You" – 4:07
1. "Surrender" – 4:48
1. "My Mannequin Can Dance" – 3:56
1. "Goody, Like Two Shoes" – 7:10
1. "Monsters" – 4:04
1. "Say It Like You Mean It" – 4:22
1. "Portrait" – 4:26
1. "Singing Bridges (We All Fall)" – 5:12
1. "Fiction" – 3:26
1. "What a Sight" – 4:28
1. "I Wish You Were Here" – 15:46

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Voices
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Matchbook Romance
- **released**: February 14, 2006
- **recorded**: April – June, October 2005
- **studio**: Long View Farm
 <small>(North Brookfield, MA)</small>
- **genre**: Emo, post-hardcore, hard rock
- **length**: 61:45
- **label**: Epitaph Records, Epitaph
- **producer**: John Goodmanson
- **prev title**: Stories and Alibis
- **prev year**: 2003
Technological change

**Technological change** is when the use of technology in a society or culture changes over time. This process is also known as **technological development**.  Speaking from the point of view of economics, technological change makes it possible to get more output with the same input, or to get the same output, with less input. Technological change also affects the quality of the product, which often improves over time. As an example, the development of the steam engine was linked to the industrial revolution. Technological changes also affect society, society often n changes as a result of technological change. To stay with the example of the industrial revolution: In the industrial revolution, many factories were built, and people were needed to work in those factories. The work of the factory worker was very different from the work people did before. A whole social class of factory workers developed. As technological change improves efficiency, it is also very often linked to unemployment: Fewer people are needed to produce the same output, so some are laid off.

According to Joseph Schumpeter, there are five different types of technological development:

1. The launch of a new product
1. The introduction of a new production method
1. A new market becomes accessible, or is created
1. A new source is made available for the components or parts of a product
1. A new form of organizing a company is introduced

Studies have been done on people living in close contact with nature (sometimes called indigenous societies): Very often these people developed complex systems to keep traditions alive, and to avoid technological change if it isn't necessary. Claude Lévi-Strauss used the term "cold cultures" to describe this phenomenon.

## Criticism

People have also criticized technological change: Jean-Jacques Rousseau published a work called _Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men_  in 1755. In it, he writes that before the Industrial Revolution, people were able to live happily, in a state of nature. In it, he also says that private property leads to inequality among humans. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Luddites were opposed to certain technological changes introduced by the Industrial Revolution. In 1968, philosophers of the Frankfurt School became critical of technological change. In his encyclical _Laudato si'_ Pope Francis has an ambivalent position as to technology: He sees technology as  a key contributor to the environmental crisis and human suffering.

Pope Francis points out, that technology is viewed as "principal key to the meaning of existence" and asks the world to "resist" the "assault" of the technocratic paradigm.
Benoît Potier

**Benoît Potier**, born September 3, 1957 in Mulhouse, has been Chairman and CEO of Air Liquide since 2006, a French industrial group specializing in industrial gases and employing more than 66,000 people since the acquisition of Airgas in 2016.

He is a graduate of École Centrale Paris and INSEAD.

He is married and the father of 3 daughters.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Benoît Potier
- **image**: Forum des entreprises à l'École polytechnique X-forum.jpg
- **birth place**: Mulhouse, France
- **nationality**: France, French
- **occupation**: CEO of Air Liquide
- **alma mater**: École Centrale Paris
INSEAD
Native Son (1986 movie)

***Native Son*** is a 1986 American drama movie directed by Jerrold Freedman and is based on the 1940 novel _Native Son_ by Richard Wright. It stars Victor Love, Matt Dillon, Elizabeth McGovern, Geraldine Page, Oprah Winfrey, Carroll Baker and was distributed by Cinecom Pictures.
Ulric Browne

**Ulric Franklyn Browne** (born April 1957) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying Winston in the BBC soap opera _EastEnders_.

## Early life

Ulric Franklyn Browne was born in England in April 1957.

Browne studied at Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts in Peckham, South London.

## Career

Browne made his debut as an actor on 26 November 1985, with the role of market trader Winston in the BBC One soap opera _EastEnders_. His character rarely speaks. His first line was "bloody pedestrians" said to Den Watts. He is the longest-serving male extra and second longest-serving extra, behind Jane Slaughter's Tracey.

Browne has worked as a secretary at Aircraft Management Support Limited in Exeter, Devon since 2 October 1992.

Browne has appeared in four _Children in Need_ television spin-offs from _EastEnders_; _Pudding Lane_ on 26 November 1999, _What Not To Wear_ with Trinny Woodall and Susannah Constantine on 19 November 2004, _Motown Tribute_ on 20 November 2009, and _EastEnd Meets WestEnd_ on 17 November 2017.

Browne appeared in two 1988 episodes of the BBC children's television drama series _Grange Hill_; he was credited as House DJ on 15 January and as Hip Hop DJ on 12 February. He appeared in three episodes of the ITV police procedural series _The Bill_; he was credited as Benny Hughes on 5 October 1987, Seed on 31 January 1989 and Chas Hendrie on 31 July 2003.

Browne made his film debut on 7 March 2004, as Tiko in the action thriller film _The Quiet Storm_.

Browne has performed in panto.

## Personal life

Browne is married to Debs.

### As an actor

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|Ref.|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1985–present|_EastEnders_|Winston|1190 episodes||
|1985|_Black Silk_|Julio|1 episode||
|1988|_Gems_|Driver|1 episode||
|1988|_Grange Hill_|House DJ, Hip Hop DJ|2 episodes||
|1989|_Screen One_|Marcus|1 episode||
|1987; 1989; 2003|_The Bill_|Benny Hughes, Seed, Chas Hendrie|3 episodes||
|1999|_Pudding Lane_|Winston|_Children in Need_ spin-off||
|2004|_The Quiet Storm_|Tiko|||
|2004|_What Not To Wear_|Winston|_Children in Need_ spin-off||
|2009|_Motown Tribute_|Winston|_Children in Need_ spin-off||
|2017|_EastEnd Meets WestEnd_|Winston|_Children in Need_ spin-off||

### As himself

|Year|Show|Notes|Ref.|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2021|_The Big Breakfast_|1 episode||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ulric Browne
- **image**: Ulric Browne 2022.jpg
- **caption**: Browne in 2022
- **birth name**: Ulric Franklyn Browne
- **birth place**: England
- **nationality**: English people, English
- **alma mater**: Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1985–present
- **known for**: Role of Winston (EastEnders), Winston in _EastEnders_
- **spouse**: Debs
- **signature**: Ulric_Browne_autograph.jpg
Pearl River (China)

**Pearl River** is the name of a river in southern China. The river flows into the South China Sea near Macau. The whole river system has a length of .  It is China's third-longest river system, after that of the Yangtze, and Yellow River. By volume, it is second-largest, after the Yangtze. There are many large industrial cities along the river. It is important for transportation. Hong Kong is about  from its estuary.  Other large cities along the river are Guangzhou, Foshan, and Dongguan. Each of these cities has more than a million people living in it. Another important city that is close is Shenzhen. Many parts along the river are highly-industrialized cities.
Pearl River

**Pearl river** may refer to:

## In United States

- Pearl River County, a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi.
- Pearl River, Louisiana, a town in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, United States.
- Pearl River, New York, a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Orangetown, Rockland County, New York, United States.

## In China

- Pearl River (China), a river in Southern China.
Foshan

**Foshan** is a city in central Guangdong province, in China. It is also called **Fatshan**. In 2020, about 9.5 million people lived in the city, and about 65 million in its urban area. It is about  from Guangzhou. It is part of the nine cities that form the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area. It lies on the western side of the delta of the Pearl River.
New Social Contract

**New Social Contract**, Dutch: _Nieuw Sociaal Contract_ (shortened _NSC_), is a Dutch political party.

New Social Contract was established in 2023. It focuses on governmental renewal.
Their leader and founder is Pieter Omtzigt.

Number of seats in the 2023 elections: 20 (/).

## Other websites

- Website of New Social Contract

## Infobox (political party)

- **country**: the Netherlands
- **name**: New Social Contract
- **native name**: Nieuw Sociaal Contract
- **logo**: NSC partijlogo.svg
- **colorcode**: Gold
- **abbreviation**: NSC
- **founder**: Pieter Omtzigt
- **leader**: Pieter Omtzigt
- **chairperson**: _Vacant_
- **split**: Christian Democratic Appeal
- **membership**: 9,979
- **membership year**: January 2024
- **ideology**: Christian democracy
- **position**: Centrism, Centre to Centre-right politics, centre-right
- **seats1 title**: Senate (Netherlands), Senate
- **seats2 title**: House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives
- **seats3 title**: European Parliament
- **seats4 title**: Benelux Parliament
- **youth wing**: Jong Sociaal Contract
- **europarl**: European People's Party Group
- **regional**: Benelux Parliament, Christian Group
- **colours**: Shades of blue#Dark blue, Dark blue
 Yellow
Bottom-up and top-down design

The terms **bottom-up design** and **top-down design** are used when organizing or classifying information. The terms are also used in different fields of engineering when talking about building more complex systems.

In this context, a **top-down** approach means that people look at the more general case first, and later break down the information into more specialized cases. It is also known as **stepwise refinement.** When designing software, people speak about _decomposition_, or _specialization_. . A top–down approach starts with the big picture, then breaks down into smaller segments.

**Bottom-up** works the other way around. People first design more specialized systems, and then look what these systems have in common. The subsystems then become special cases or extensions of the more general system, and their complexity is reduced, to only handle the cases where they are different from the more general system, or where they extend it.  People speak about generalizing several components.

When talking in a more general way, there are the concepts of deductive and inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning starts with the more general case to the more specialized case. Inductive reasoning takes several of the more specialized  cases, and tries to find similarities or patterns, generalizing them. Still other words, which are more widely used in engineering are decomposition and aggregation. Decomposition is about looking at the parts, aggregation is about combining several of those parts.
New York City Fire Department

The **New York City Fire Department**, also known as the **Fire Department of the City of New York** (**FDNY**), is the complete fire department for New York City. It helps in fire prevention. It also provides EMS across all five parts of the city. In addition to dealing with fires and medical emergencies, the FDNY does many other things, such as rescuing people in challenging situations, defending against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats (CBRN), and responding to and analyzing situations where buildings may collapse. The FDNY uses a wide range of general and specialized vehicles, tools, and equipment to carry out its different tasks.

The FDNY headquarters is at 9 MetroTech Center in Downtown Brooklyn, while the FDNY Fire Academy is on Randalls Island. The International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) locals are 94, 854, and 4959. EMS is represented by DC 37 Locals 2507 for EMTs and paramedics, and Local 3621 for officers.

## History

The New York City Fire Department traces its roots to 1648 when the first fire ordinance was adopted in the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (now part of the Dutch Empire). Upon arriving, Peter Stuyvesant appointed four fire wardens to oversee the chimneys of wooden houses. Owners faced penalties for improperly maintained chimneys. The initial fire wardens were Martin Krieger, Thomas Hall, Adrian Wyser, and George Woolsey.

## Infobox (fire department)

- **name**: New York City Fire Department (FDNY)
- **logo**: Emblem of the New York City Fire Department.svg
- **logo caption**: FDNY logo
- **flag caption**: Flags of New York City#Fire Department, Flag
- **motto**: "New York's Bravest"
EMS Motto: "New York's Best"
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: Lists of populated places in the United States, City
- **established**:
(origins go back to 1648)
- **annual calls**: For 2018:
* Emergency Medical Services total call volume: 1,862,159
* Fire Suppression total call volume: 619,378
* Structural fires: 27,053
* Non-structural fires: 13,730
* Non-fire emergencies: 256,560
* Medical emergencies: 300,598
* Malicious false alarms: 21,437
- **employees**: 11,000+Uniformed Firefighting Personnel
4,274 Uniformed Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Personnel
2,096 Civilian Employees
- **annual budget**: $2,030,337,688
- **staffing**: Career
- **chief**: John Hodgens
- **commissioner**: Laura Kavanagh
- **iaff**: 94, 854, and 4959
- **divisions**: 9
- **battalions**: 53
- **stations**: 254
- **engines**: 197
- **trucks**: 143
- **squads**: 8
- **rescues**: 5
- **wildfire engines**: 10
- **fireboats**: 3x year-round, 6x seasonal
- **ambulances**: 450
- **hazmat**: 1
- **firstresponderblsorals**: Certified First Responder-Defibrillator (CFR-D),Basic Life Support (BLS),and Advanced Life Support (ALS)
- **usar**: 1
Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl

**Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl** is a town in Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. About 6,000 people live there. It is the largest wine producing town in Germany.

## Localities

Vogtsburg has 9 districts:
- Achkarren
- Alt-Vogtsburg
- Bickensohl
- Bischoffingen
- Burkheim
- Niederrotweil
- Oberbergen
- Oberrotweil
- Schelingen

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Luftbild Oberrotweil.jpg
- **image coa**: DEU Vogtsburg COA.svg
- **image plan**: Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl in FR.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
- **elevation**: 190-557
- **area**: 37.40
- **postal code**: 79235
- **area code**: 07662
- **licence**: FR
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 15 133
- **website**: [https://www.vogtsburg.de/ www.vogtsburg.de]
- **mayor**: Benjamin Bohn
- **leader term**: 2015–23
Dugout canoe

A **dugout canoe**, or dugout is a boat that is made by hollowing out a tree. The name is sometimes shortened to dugout.  Other names for this kind of boat are  **logboat** and **monoxylon**. _Monoxylon_ (_μονόξυλον_) (pl: _monoxyla_) is Greek –  _mono-_ (single) + _ξύλον xylon_ (tree) – and is mostly used in classic Greek texts. In German, they are called **Einbaum** ("one tree" in English). Some, but not all, pirogues are also made in this manner.

Dugouts are the oldest boat type archaeologists have found.  The items found date back about 8,000 years to the Neolithic Stone Age. This is probably because they are made of massive pieces of wood, which tend to preserve better than others, such as bark canoes.

## Other websites

- Fundamental origins of ship types
- Ship replicas in the world
- For more information on Tocher's voyage
Payung dance

The **Payung dance** (Jawi: **تاري ڤايوڠ**) is a traditional dance of the Minangkabau and Malay people from Sumatra, Indonesia. It is similar to other dances from Sumatra but with a Minangkabau touch. In this dance, dancers use umbrellas called "payung." It is usually done by three or four dancers and shows the love and connections between young people. The dance comes from the Western Sumatra region of Indonesia.

People perform the Payung dance during different events like shows, exhibitions, parties, and weddings. It is a important part of Minangkabau culture. Men use umbrellas while women use shawls in the dance. The umbrella represents protection, showing how men protect their families. Women's shawls symbolize love and loyalty in marriage. This is shown when the woman's shawl is placed on the man's shoulder.

## Name

In the Indonesian and Minangkabau languages, "payung" or "payuang" means "umbrella" or "parasol." This word comes from old Sundanese. The dance is called Payung dance because it uses umbrellas as the main props. The umbrellas represent safety and protection in marriage.

## History

The umbrella dance is a big part of the Minangkabau tribe's culture. It is mostly done by young Minangkabau people. But it's more than just entertainment. It also shows how couples should act in a loving relationship, following Islamic religious and traditional Minangkabau rules.

Long ago, during the time when the Dutch were ruling Sumatra, there were plays that people watched for fun. These plays sometimes included the umbrella dance. At first, the umbrella dance was just something extra in the plays, mainly for fun. But in the 1920s, it became really popular, and people liked it a lot.

In the 1960s, the umbrella dance was one of the most liked dances among the Minangkabau people. Some of them had never seen a Minangkabau dance before watching the umbrella dance. It often showed up in dance shows, either by itself or with other dances.

In the 2000s, a dancer and teacher named _Syofiyani Yusaf_ from Bukittinggi worked on it and improved it, keeping its Minangkabau style but making it easier for anyone to learn.

Today, umbrella dance is performed at a lot of events, both in and outside of West Sumatra. Many students, from elementary to high school, learn the umbrella dance. They join art clubs in different places in West Sumatra. Some schools, like _Vocational High School 7 Padang_ and the _Padangpanjang Indonesian Arts Institute_, even teach the umbrella dance as part of their classes.

## Dress

In Payung dance, female dancers wear traditional Malay clothes like kebaya tops, songket bottoms, hair in a bun, and a low, golden crown-like headdress called "suntiang." Male dancers wear long-sleeved shirts called "bay belanga" with a "cekak musang" collar, matching trousers, a side cloth made from songket, and a typical Minang head covering or black kopiah (peci).
Bahlingen

**Bahlingen** is a municipality in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image photo**: Bahlingen 017.650.jpg
- **image coa**: Wappen Bahlingen Kaiserstuhl.svg
- **image plan**: Bahlingen am Kaiserstuhl in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 217
- **area**: 12.66
- **postal code**: 79353
- **area code**: 07663
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 002
- **website**: [https://www.bahlingen.de/ www.bahlingen.de]
- **mayor**: Harald Lotis
- **leader term**: 2018–26
Biederbach

**Biederbach** is a municipality in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Biederbach COA.svg
- **image plan**: Biederbach in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 423
- **area**: 31.36
- **postal code**: 79215
- **area code**: 07682
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 003
- **divisions**: 19
- **website**: [http://www.biederbach.de/ www.biederbach.de]
- **mayor**: Rafael Mathis
- **leader term**: 2018–26
Denzlingen

**Denzlingen** is a municipality in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: Wappen denzlingen.svg
- **image photo**: Denzlingen 001.650n.jpg
- **image plan**: Denzlingen in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 234
- **area**: 16.95
- **postal code**: 79211
- **area code**: 07666
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 009
- **website**: [http://www.denzlingen.de/ www.denzlingen.de]
- **mayor**: Markus Hollemann
- **leader term**: 2017–25
- **party**: ÖDP
Elzach

**Elzach** (Low Alemannic: _Elze_) is a town in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is on the river Elz and is 26 km northeast of Freiburg.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Drei Stufen des Sehens.jpg
- **image coa**: DEU Elzach COA.svg
- **image plan**: Elzach in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 361
- **area**: 75.28
- **postal code**: 79215
- **area code**: 07682
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 010
- **website**: [http://www.elzach.de/ www.elzach.de]
- **mayor**: Roland Tibi
- **leader term**: 2020–28
Endingen am Kaiserstuhl

**Endingen am Kaiserstuhl** is a town in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: EndingenAmKaiserstuhlPanorama5.jpg
- **image coa**: Wappen Endingen.png
- **image plan**: Endingen am Kaiserstuhl in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 186
- **area**: 26.72
- **postal code**: 79346
- **area code**: 07642
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 012
- **divisions**: 4
- **website**: [http://www.endingen.de/ www.endingen.de]
- **mayor**: Tobias Metz
- **leader term**: 2018–26
Forchheim am Kaiserstuhl

**Forchheim am Kaiserstuhl** is a municipality in Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: Wappen Forchheim (Kaiserstuhl).svg
- **image plan**: Forchheim in EM.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Freiburg
- **district**: Emmendingen
- **elevation**: 187
- **area**: 10.78
- **postal code**: 79362
- **area code**: 07642
- **licence**: EM
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 3 16 013
- **website**: [http://www.forchheim-am-kaiserstuhl.de/ www.forchheim-am-kaiserstuhl.de]
- **mayor**: Christian Pickhardt
- **leader term**: 2020–28