juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
ATR 72

The **ATR 72** is a twin-engine turboprop commercial airliner for regional and short-haul travel built in France and Italy by ATR. It was developed from the ATR 42. The ATR 72 has a maximum seating capacity of 78 and is crewed by two people.

The number "72" in its name is derived from the aircraft's standard seating configuration in a passenger-carrying configuration, which could accommodate 72 to 78 passengers in a single-class combination. To date, the entire ATR series has been completed on the company's final assembly line in Toulouse, France.

## Development

During the mid-1980s, ATR
The ATR 42 is the initial version of this type and was unveiled in 1981, taking off for the first time on August 16, 1984. The ATR 72 is very similar in design to the basic ATR 42 but with an additional 4.5 meters of span and modified wings.

The ATR 72 was unveiled in 1985 during the Paris-Le Bourget International Air and Space Show and made its maiden voyage on October 27, 1988. Exactly one year later, on October 27, 1989, the Finnish airline Kar Air became the first company to put these aircraft into service.

## Design

The ATR 72 is a regional airplane with turboprop engines that can carry up to 78 passengers. It uses two Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100 engines with four or six-blade propellers from Hamilton Standard. Older models have PW124B engines (2,400 horsepower), while newer ones use PW127 engines (2,750 horsepower) for better takeoff performance at high-altitude airports like Andorra.

About 30% of the wing is made from carbon fiber, making the plane lighter. Normally, the ATR 72 doesn't have an auxiliary power unit, but when installed, it goes in the C4 cargo area. Many ATR 72 planes use a "Hotel Mode," which stops the right propeller while the engine keeps running to provide power and air on the ground.

Most ATR 72s board passengers through the rear door, which is unusual for passenger planes. The front door is often used for cargo. Finnair ordered its ATR 72s with front passenger doors to use jet bridges at Helsinki Airport. Air New Zealand uses standard rear-door models that also work with some jet bridges. A tail stand is always placed during boarding or exiting to prevent the aircraft’s nose from tipping up.

Passengers board through the rear door, while the front door is used for loading cargo.

## Infobox (aircraft)

- **name**: ATR 72
- **image**: File:F-WWEZ (948) ATR.72-212A(500) FlyFireFly TLS 30AUG11 (6097869500) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Firefly (airline), Firefly ATR 72
- **type**: Regional airliner#Turboprop regional aircraft, Turboprop regional airliner
- **national origin**: France/Italy
- **manufacturer**: ATR (aircraft manufacturer), ATR
- **first flight**: 27 October 1988
- **introduction**: 27 October 1989 (Finnair)
- **status**: In production, In service
- **primary user**: Wings Air
- **more users**: IndiGo
Azul Linhas Aereas
Air New Zealand
- **produced**: 1988–present
- **number built**: 1,233
- **developed from**: ATR 42
- **developed into**: ATR 52 (not built)
Jozefin Marku

**Jozefin Marku** (also known as **Jozi Marku**, born 19 March 1996) is an Albanian singer. He studied classical singing at the Jordan Misja Artistic High School in Tirana. He first appeared in public with the song "Kur ti je me mu", a collaboration with Albanian maestro Edmond Zhulali.

In 2025, he was a contestant in the fourth season of the Albanian reality TV show _Big Brother VIP Albania_. On the semi-final night, 13 April 2025, he physically attacked another contestant, Besart Kelmendi (also known as Gjesti), and was eliminated from the show. He was briefly arrested by the Tirana police after the incident.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Jozefin Marku
- **birth name**: Jozefin Marku
- **alias**: Jozi
- **birth place**: Laç, Albania
- **occupation**: Singer
Straight-three engine

The **Inline-three engine** or **Straight-three** is an internal combustion engine with three cylinders. The cylinders are positioned in a straight line along one crankshaft. It can be powered by different types of fuels, including gasoline, diesel and natural gas.

Inline threes are used in cars less often than inline fours. Due to generally smaller engine sizes, inline threes tend to use less fuel to operate and less resources to build.
Clean (Shane & Shane album)

***Clean*** is the fourth studio album by Shane & Shane. The album was released on October 19, 2004.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Clean
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Shane & Shane
- **released**: October 19, 2004
- **genre**: Worship, Contemporary worship
- **length**: 43:01
- **label**: Inpop
- **producer**: Will Hunt
- **prev title**: Upstairs
- **prev year**: 2004
- **next title**: Pages (album), Pages
- **next year**: 2007
Chingjen Naran Panganba

**Chingjen Naran Panganba ()**, also known as **Chingjel Naral Panganba ()**, is a prince of the Chenglei dynasty in ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). He is notably mentioned in the classical Meitei literary work known as the Chengleiron, one of the earliest works of ancient Meitei literature. His stories are mythologized in Meitei mythology and folklore. He is deified and worshipped in traditional Meitei religion of Sanamahism. He is portrayed as a man of supernatural strength and extraordinary abilities, born to the Chenglei royal family. Over time, his name has come to symbolize exceptional physical power and courage in Meitei civilisation.

## Birth

Chingjen Naran Panganba was born to King Thangyi Khongjromba of the Chenglei dynasty and Penu Leimaren, daughter of the deity Soraren. His birth took place while his father was away at the frontier of the kingdom, leading the construction of defensive earthen ramparts. The legend says that shortly after birth, still with the umbilical cord attached, the infant left his mother and set out to find his father.

## Adventures

Upon locating his king-father, Chingjen Naran Panganba offered his services. In an unnatural display of strength, he managed to carry massive loads of earth (remblai) in only five steps, enough to form a hillock. In another event, he pulled down a large tree growing by a stream and used it as a seat for bathing. Other people climbed onto the tree, but when the child dismounted, the tree sprang back upright, throwing them off and killing them. This tree became known as misi, meaning “killer tree.”

These superhuman tasks surprised the king, who tried to request his son to stay. However, Chingjen Naran Panganba refused and journeyed westward over the mountains in search of further adventures.

## Related pages

- Yaoreima
- Toibi Leima
Toibi Leima

**Toibi Leima ()** was a princess of the Luwang dynasty in ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). She was the wife of King Thangyi Taobung Khongdouba of the Chenglei dynasty. Her story is told in the historical-mythological classical Meitei language text Chengleiron, one of the earliest known literary works of Manipur. She is remembered for her grace, suffering, and eventual recovery, and her life illustrates the emotional and social experiences of royal women in ancient Meitei literature (early Manipuri literature).

## Family

Toibi Leima was born into the Luwang royal family, one of the ruling classes in the ancient principalities of Manipur. As a princess, her marriage to Thangyi Taobung Khongdouba, a member of the Chenglei dynasty, was a political alliance between two prominent royal families. She gave birth to two sons with Khongdouba, continuing the Chenglei royal bloodline.

## Illness and neglect

After becoming a mother, Toibi Leima fell seriously ill with a disease that reportedly altered her appearance. Instead of caring for her, her husband Khongdouba neglected her. She returned to her parental home for treatment and healing. Her illness and exile from her husband’s household show the challenges faced by women in traditional royal society, particularly during times of personal hardship.

## Recovery and reunion

Over time, Toibi Leima recovered from her illness and regained her youthful beauty. During a hunting trip, her husband unexpectedly saw her again and was deeply moved by her appearance. Despite their past, he forcibly brought her back with the help of a crafty servant, using cunning rather than reconciliation.

This incident is known for its emotional complexity, themes of abandonment, resilience, beauty, and power dynamics in marriage. It is also notable for showing the psychological depth of both characters, Toibi Leima’s quiet endurance and Khongdouba’s remorseful desire to reclaim her.

## Importance in literature

Toibi Leima’s story is one of the most human-centered episodes in Chengleiron, which otherwise shows legendary and mythical themes. Her experience contrasts with the superhuman feats of characters like Chingjen Naran Panganba and shows the emotional depth of women’s roles in ancient Manipuri society.

The writer of Chengleiron describes her suffering and recovery with sympathy and detail, showing a rare sensitivity to female experience. This portrayal adds literary richness to the text and shows early Manipuri storytelling’s attention to emotional and moral complexity.

## Related pages

- Yaoreima
- Haoreima
- List of Meitei princesses
- List of Khuman queens
- Meitei queens of Tripura
- Meitei goddesses
Haonu Chakhanu

**Haonu Chakhanu ()**, also known as **Haonu Chakha Saphabi ()**, is an ancient Meitei woman mentioned in the classical Meitei literary work Numit Kappa (The Shooting Down of the Sun). She is the wife of Khwai Nongchengpam Piba, the slave who rebelled against his two masters, with the action of shooting down the elder sun, Tauhuireng Ahanpa. She plays an important supporting role, helping her husband, that shows her emotional and domestic dimensions, as well as the quiet strength of women in early Meitei cultural narratives.

## Overview

Haonu Chakhanu is a dutiful wife and silent collaborator in her husband’s bold and dangerous plan to shoot down the sun. Her contribution to the plot is indirect yet essential as she obeys her husband’s request to fetch strong, resilient bamboo from her natal home, which he uses to craft the bow and arrows for his mission. She was not a quite domestic partner but also as a quiet enabler of a world-changing event.

## Character and traits

Haonu Chakhanu is known for her obedience, loyalty, and emotional restraint. During the week-long preparation for the attack, her husband strictly instructs her to remain indoors, to focus on her weaving, to avoid chatting with neighbors or drawing attention to their household. She agreed to her husband's instructions without any question, showing discipline and discretion. Importantly, despite the importance of her husband’s plan, she is not informed by her husband about the details. Her husband, keeps the mission a secret, showing both the Meitei cultural norms of silence and distance in critical matters, as well as her husband's solitary burden.

## Involvement

Haonu Chakhanu participates in her husband’s archery training, serving as a passive target to test his precision. He shoots an arrow to split her earring as she walks uphill with a water pitcher. He strikes a piece of arum root, placed on her head without harming her. He cuts a tightly stretched thread she holds, self testing his skill.

## Related pages

- Tauhuireng Ahanpa
- Numitsana Khomadon
- Korou Nongmai Hanpi
- Chakpa Lamlang Amaipi
Battle of Franklin

The **Battle of Franklin** was fought on November 30, 1864, in Franklin, Tennessee. It was part of the Franklin–Nashville Campaign of the American Civil War. It was one of the worst battles in the war for the Confederate States Army. Confederate Lieutenant General John Bell Hood's Army of Tennessee made many frontal assaults against areas with lots of fortification. The Confederate Army was trying to attack the Union forces under Major General John Schofield. The Army of Tennessee wanted to stop the Union Army from retreating to Nashville. The Army of Tennessee was not able to do this.

The Confederate made a frontal assault to Schofield's army. The assault had 6 infantry divisions. The six divisions had eighteen brigades with 100 regiments. This assault had 20,000 men in total. This assault was sometimes called  "Pickett's Charge of the West". This charge led to many losses in the Army of Tennessee. There were 14 confederate generals with casualties (six killed, seven wounded, and one captured). There were 55 regimental commanders were casualties. After the army lost against George H. Thomas in the Battle of Nashville, the Army of Tennessee retreated.

## Refefences

**Citations**

**Bibliography**

- **Memoirs and primary sources**
- . First published 1880 for the Hood Orphan Memorial Fund by G.T. Beauregard.

**Further reading**

## Other websites

- Battle of Franklin: **Battle Maps**, histories, photos, and preservation news (Civil War Trust)
- **Animated map** of the Battle of Franklin  (Civil War Trust)
- A blog-database for descendants of the Battle of Franklin
- Google Map of the Battle of Franklin
- Battle of Franklin.net
- Animated history of the Franklin-Nashville Campaign
- Save the Franklin Battlefield, Inc.
- Carter House Museum
- Carnton Plantation
- McGavock Confederate Cemetery
- _West Point Atlas_ map, Battles of Spring Hill and Franklin
- Historic map of Franklin, Tennessee Civil War Preservation Association
- On this date in Civil War history – Battle of Franklin – November 30, 1864

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Battle of Franklin
- **image**: Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864.jpg
- **image size**: 300
- **caption**: _Battle of Franklin_, by Kurz and Allison (1891)
- **partof**: the American Civil War
- **place**: Franklin, Tennessee, Franklin, Tennessee
- **result**: Union victory
- **combatant1**: (Union (American Civil War), Union)
- **commander1**: John Schofield
 David S. Stanley
- **commander2**: John Bell Hood
- **units1**: Army of the Ohio
- **units2**: Army of Tennessee
- **strength1**: 27,000
- **strength2**: 27,000–31,000
- **casualties1**: **2,326** (total: 189 killed, 1,033 wounded, 1,104 missing/captured)
- **casualties2**: Schofield's estimate: **6,252**
(1,750 killed,
3,800 wounded,
702 missing/captured)
Hood's report: **4,500**
Franklin–Nashville campaign

The **Franklin–Nashville campaign**, also called **Hood's Tennessee campaign**, was a series of many battles in the Western Theater. These happened from September 18 to December 27, 1864, in Alabama, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia. This was part of the American Civil War.

The Confederate Army of Tennessee was led by Lieutenant General John B. Hood. They started from Atlanta and threatened Major General William T. Sherman's communications. At first, Sherman's army tried to attack Hood's army. However, he decided to return to Atlanta and began his March to the Sea. This left Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas's army to deal with Hood.

Hood wanted to defeat Maj. Gen. John Schofield's army before it joined Thomas's army. That happened at the Battle of Spring Hill on Tuesday, November 29. However, the Confederate attacks were done badly. Also, the U.S. forces had strong leadership. This allowed Schofield to escape. The next day, Hood made many frontal assaults against Schofield's army at the Battle of Franklin. Hood had many casualties from this battle. Schofield left the area and joined with Thomas in Nashville, Tennessee. On December 15–16, Thomas's bigger army attacked Hood's worse army. Thomas's army won against Hood's army in the Battle of Nashville. This led to Hood retreating to Tupelo, Mississippi. Hood resigned after the battle.

## References

**Citations**

**Bibliography**

## Further reading

- Hood, Stephen M. _John Bell Hood: The Rise, Fall, and Resurrection of a Confederate General_. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2013. .
- Knight, James R. _Hood's Tennessee Campaign: The Desperate Venture of a Desperate Man_. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2014. .

## Other websites

- Franklin–Nashville campaign at American History Central
- Franklin–Nashville campaign at Ohio Civil War Central

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Franklin–Nashville campaign
- **partof**: the American Civil War
- **image**: Battle of Nashville.jpg
- **image size**: 300px
- **caption**: Union Army, Union army at Nashville, Tennessee, Nashville, December 1864
- **date**: 18 September – 27 December 1864
- **place**: Alabama in the American Civil War, Alabama, Georgia in the American Civil War, Georgia, and Tennessee in the American Civil War, Tennessee
- **result**: Union (American Civil War), Union victory; end of large-scale fighting in the Western Theater of the American Civil War, Western Theater.
- **combatants header**: Belligerents
- **combatant1**: (Union (American Civil War), Union)
- **commander1**: George H. Thomas
 John Schofield
- **commander2**: John Bell Hood, John B. Hood
- **units1**: Army of the Cumberland
Army of the Ohio
- **units2**: Army of Tennessee
- **strength1**: * 65,501 (Nov. 20)
* 75,194 (Nov. 30)
* 75,153 (Dec. 10)
- **strength2**: * 44,719 (Nov. 6)
* 36,426 (Dec. 10)
- **casualties1**: 6,598 (725 KIA, 4,424 WIA, 1,445 MIA/POW)
~7,000
- **casualties2**: 15,097 (2,277 KIA, 8,017 WIA, 4,742 MIA/POW)
~10,000 (not including deserters, missing, and captured)
1989 firebombing of the Riverdale Press

The **1989 firebombing of the _Riverdale Press**_ was an attack where 2 firebombs were thrown at the offices of the _Riverdale Press_ in the Bronx, New York City on February 28, 1989. The building was damaged. 2 California bookstores were also damaged in similar attacks.

The bombing was shortly after the newspaper made an editorial that defended Salman Rushdie in the controversy over _The Satanic Verses_.
Moirang (linguistics)

In linguistics, **Moirang** (), also known as **Moilang** (), denotes a historical dialectal variety of the Meitei language (also known as Manipuri) associated with the Moirang clan and its former Moirang kingdom. The Moirang polity was one of the seven principal Yek Salai clans within the traditional Meitei confederacy. Historically prominent in ancient Moirang, this dialect exerted a notable influence on the development of Meitei by contributing a distinct lexical stratum. Vocabulary of Moirang origin is frequently attested in classical Meitei manuscripts and early literary sources. Owing to these characteristics, the Moirang dialect has attracted sustained scholarly attention, particularly in Tibeto-Burman linguistics, where it is examined for evidence relevant to the historical evolution, internal variation, and clan-based stratification of the Meitei language.

## Vocabularies

|Moirang words|Latin transliterations|Equivalents in another variant/dialect of Meitei language|Latin transliterations|English translation|Note(s)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||laija||tarang|water|it is often collectively said as tarang laija, in which tarang is originated from Khuman (linguistics) speech, as a part of semantic reduplication in Meitei vocabulary|
||taipang||mee/mi|human being|it is often collectively said as taipang mi, in which mee/mi is originated from Ningthouja/Mangang speech, as a part of semantic reduplication in Meitei vocabulary|
||arak||akhang|suddenly|it is often collectively said as arak akhang, in which akhang is originated from Ningthouja/Mangang speech, as a part of semantic reduplication in Meitei vocabulary|
||chingu||lai|god/divine being|it is often collectively said as chingu lai, in which lai is originated from Ningthouja/Mangang speech, as a part of semantic reduplication in Meitei vocabulary|
||sawa||uchek|bird|it is often collectively said as uchek sawa or sawa uchek, in which uchek is originated from Ningthouja/Mangang speech, as a part of semantic reduplication in Meitei vocabulary|

## Related pages

- List of rulers of Moirang
- Moirang Ningthourol Lambuba
- Chothe Thangwai Pakhangba
- Epic cycles of incarnations in Moirang
- Moirang Sai
- Moirang Kangla

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Moirang
- **altname**: Moilang
- **image**: An ancient Meitei language text about the Moirang Kangleirol (Moirang Kangleiron) written in old Meetei script.jpg
- **imagecaption**: Vast majority of the traces of Moirang linguistically originated words are found in the ancient Meitei language manuscript texts (PuYas), written about the Moirang Kangleirol traditions
- **region**: Moirang kingdom
- **creator**: Moirang Salai, Moirangs
- **ethnicity**: Moirang Salai, Moirangs
- **extinct**: merged into Meitei language
- **era**: Ancient Kangleipak
- **script**: Meetei Mayek
- **nation**: Moirang kingdom
- **development body**: Moirang clan
- **notice**: IPA
The Great Louse Detective

"**The Great Louse Detective**" is the sixth episode of the fourteenth season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on December 15, 2002.

## Infobox (simpsons episode)

- **season**: 14
- **episode**: 6
- **director**: Steven Dean Moore
- **writer**: John Frink and Don Payne (writer), Don Payne
- **production**: EABF01
- **guests**: * Kelsey Grammer as Sideshow Bob
- **couch gag**: When Homer Simpson, Homer uses the remote, the family travels back in time to the prehistoric era and the Roman times.
- **commentary**: Matt Groening
Al Jean
John Frink
Ian Maxtone-Graham
Matt Selman
Tim Long
Michael Price (writer), Michael Price
Tom Gammill
Dan Castellaneta
Steven Dean Moore
Mike B. Anderson
David Silverman (animator), David Silverman
- **prev**: Helter Shelter (The Simpsons), Helter Shelter
- **next**: Special Edna
Água Branca, Alagoas

**Água Branca** is a Brazilian municipality situated in the state of Alagoas.

## Historic center

The historic center of the city includes churches, houses, the Baron of Água Branca's house, Nossa Senhora do Rosário Square, Matriz Square, and Fernandes Lima Square. This area is one of the main attractions. It is not only beautiful but also a great piece of art, with Baroque and Colonial styles.

Municipal law number 447/71, dated April 18, 2001, lists the historic center and nearby areas, including its historical and ecological sites. This law is recorded with the Financial Department of the Água Branca City Government.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Água Branca
- **settlement type**: Municipality
- **image skyline**: Ruas da cidade (5189004999).jpg
- **image flag**: Bandeira Água Branca.png
- **image seal**: Brasão Água Branca.png
- **image map**: Alagoas Municip AguaBranca.svg
- **pushpin map**: Brazil
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Brazil
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Brazil, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast
- **subdivision type2**: States of Brazil, State
- **subdivision name2**: Alagoas
- **population demonym**: _aguabranquense_
- **area total km2**: 473,845
- **population total**: 19,008
- **population as of**: 2022 census
Khamnung Iwaithang

**Khamnung Iwaithang** or **Khamnung Iwangthang**, was the second ruler of the Angom dynasty of Ancient Kangleipak (present-day Manipur). He was the of Chingwalaki Pureiromba (or shortly Pureiromba), the founder of Angom dynasty, and Pithetleima Leihou Ningthou Chanu.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Khamnung Iwaithang
- **title**: Angom Ningthou
- **predecessor**: Pureiromba, Chingwalaki Pureiromba
- **successor**: Chingmit Yoirenba
- **spouse**: Pithetleima Leihou Ningthou Chanu
- **issue**: Chingmit Yoirenba
- **house**: Angom dynasty
- **father**: Chingwalaki Pureiromba
- **mother**: Pithetleima Leihou Ningthou Chanu
- **occupation**: Chief and Monarch of Angom dynasty
- **religion**: Sanamahism
Bausch Health Companies Inc.

**Bausch Health Companies Inc.** is a global American-Canadian pharmaceutical industry.

## Headquarters

It's international headquarters are located in Laval, Quebec, and its American headquarters are in Bridgewater, New Jersey.

## Products

The company creates and markets many pharmaceutical products in gastroenterology, hepatology, neurology, dermatology, dentistry, medical aesthetics, and international pharmaceuticals.
Bausch Health makes and markets branded pharmaceuticals, generic pharmaceuticals, and over-the-counter products in more than 90 countries and regions, including the United States, Canada, Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific and Latin America.

## History

In 1959, Milan Panić founded ICN Pharmaceuticals. Panić ran the company for 43 years. In 1994, ICN merged with SPI Pharmaceuticals Inc., Viratek Inc., and ICN Biomedicals Inc. In 2003, ICN Pharmaceuticals changed its name to Valeant Pharmaceuticals. In 2017, Valeant sold 3 of it's skin care brands (CeraVe, Acnefree, and AMBI) to L'Oréal. Then, in 2018, it changed it's name again into Bausch Health Companies Inc.
Roman Starovoyt

**Roman Vladimirovich Starovoyt** (; 20 January 1972 – 7 July 2025) was a Russian politician who was Minister of Transport from May 2024 to July 2025. He was Governor of Kursk Oblast from 2019 to 2024, Deputy Minister of Transport, and the leader of the Federal Road Agency. He was a member of the United Russia party.

Starovoyt was fired from being transport minister on 7 July 2025, and died from a gunshot wound in his car a few hours later.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Roman Starovoyt
- **caption**: Starovoyt in 2021
- **office**: Ministry of Transport (Russia), Minister of Transport
- **term start**: 14 May 2024
- **term end**: 7 July 2025
- **president**: Vladimir Putin
- **primeminister**: Mikhail Mishustin
- **predecessor**: Vitaly Savelyev
- **successor**: Andrey Nikitin (politician), Andrey Nikitin
- **office1**: 4th Governor of Kursk Oblast
- **term start1**: 16 September 2019
- **term end1**: 14 May 2024

- **predecessor1**: Alexander Mikhailov (politician), Alexander Mikhailov
- **successor1**: Alexei Smirnov (politician), Alexei Smirnov
- **birth place**: Kursk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
- **death place**: , Moscow Oblast, Russia
- **death cause**: Gunshot wound
- **nationality**: Russian
- **party**: United Russia
- **alma mater**: Baltic State Technical University
 Northwestern Management Institute
 Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Dismissal (employment)

**Dismissal** (often called **firing** or **sacking**) is the ending of employment by an employer when an employee does not want to leave. This action can be made by an employer for a number of reasons, including bad employee work, bad behaviour, or the employer cannot afford to pay the employee.
Firing

**Firing** may mean:

- Dismissal (employment), when an employer suddenly ends employment
- Firemaking, the act of starting a fire
- Burning; see combustion
- Shooting, specifically the discharge of firearms
- Execution by firing squad
- Pottery firing in a kiln or oven
- Pin firing, an old medical treatment applied to horses
- An action potential, where the depolarization of a neuron causes it to "fire" off an electrical signal down its axon
- Any material (such as firewood) that can be burned as fuel to release energy

## Related pages

- Fire and Fire (disambiguation)
- Fired (disambiguation)
- Firing squad (disambiguation)
- Fire-raising (disambiguation)
- Fire making
- Firestarter (disambiguation)
Xeno-canto

**Xeno-canto** is a science project. It is a website where volunteers can upload sounds of animals. The name xeno-canto means "strange sound".

The website was started in 2005. In  May 2015 Xeno-canto had collected some 243,000 recordings covering more than 9,300 bird species. By May 2025 the collection had grown to over a million recordings.

Xeno-canto is run by the Xeno-canto Foundation. It is supported  and hosted by the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, a research center and museum of natural history located in Leiden, the Netherlands.

In November 2024, Xeno-canto added  AvesEcho, an artificial intelligence algorithm. AvesEcho tries to identify European bird species from uploaded recordings.

By late 2024, the name Xeno-canto appeared in 5.000 scientific papers on Google Scholar.
Hepatology

|colspan="2" class="infobox-header"|Occupation|
| --- | --- |
|class="infobox-data"|Doctor, Medical Specialist|
|class="infobox-data"|Specialty|
|class="infobox-data"|Medicine|
|class="infobox-data"|* Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) OR * Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) OR * Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.) OR * Bacculareus Medicinae, Bacculareus Chirurgiae (M.B.Ch.B) AND * Internal Medicine Specialiazation AND * Gastroenterology Subspecialization AND * Extra training as a Gastroenterologist in Hepatology and Transplant Hepatology|
|class="infobox-data"|Hospitals, clinics|

**Hepatology** is the branch of medicine that studies the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas as well as managing their disorders. Although traditionally considered a field of skills of gastroenterology, rapid expansion has led in some countries to doctors specializing solely on this area, who are called **hepatologists**.
Bob Vylan

**Bob Vylan** is an English punk rap group from London, which was first started in 2017 in Ipswich. Their work mixes punk, hip hop, grime, and hardcore. The group writes words criticising the British establishment, inequality, racism, sexism, and homophobia. The members are **Bobby Vylan** who sings and  plays guitar; and **Bobbie Vylan** on drums. Both names are stage names that the band members use to hide their real names.

Bob Vylan and Kneecap were investigated by Avon and Somerset Police for things they said at the 2025 Glastonbury Festival. The singer of Bob Vylan, Bobby, was heard saying "death, death to the IDF" on stage, which caused some upset because it was broadcast live in the UK by the BBC. The United States cancelled the visa for the two members to perform there after this.

During a concert in Amsterdam on 13 September of that year, the band called the recently assassinated American right-wing political activist, Charlie Kirk, an "absolute piece of shit" and to "rest in piss" (a distortion of the Christian phrase, "Rest in peace", which is used for the dead), caused the group more controversy.

The band led another "Death to the IDF" chant during the same concert. Bobby Vylan also told the audience "Fuck the fascists, fuck the Zionists. Go find them in the streets".

A planned Bob Vylan concert in Tilburg was cancelled, after these chants.

The chants were condemned by the mayor of Amsterdam, Femke Halsema, and several Dutch MPs from different political parties, including Geert Wilders of PVV, Joost Eerdmans of JA21, and Caroline van der Plas of BBB. The chairman of the "Center for Information and Documentation Israel", said it was a call for a pogrom, and compared it to the November 2024 Amsterdam riots, when Israeli supporters of the Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. soccer team were attacked. Concertgoers briefly blocked a tram after the show, chanting "Death to the IDF". The "Public Prosecution Service of the Netherlands", an organisation of Dutch public prosecutors, said it would be investigating the incidents.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Bob Vylan
- **image**: BOB VYLAN in Los Angeles on October 9th 2022. Photographed by Ithaka Darin Pappas.jpg
- **caption**: Bobbie Vylan and Bobby Vylan in Los Angeles, 2022
- **alias**: The Bobs
- **origin**: Ipswich, England
- **years active**: 2017–present
- **current members**: * Bobby Vylan
* Bobbie Vylan
Avon and Somerset Police

**Avon and Somerset Police** is the police service for the five unitary authority areas of Bristol, Bath and North East Somerset, North Somerset, Somerset, and South Gloucestershire, all in South West England.

, the force had 2,965 police officers, 299 special constables, and 330 police community support officers.

, Avon and Somerset Police had 3,330 Police Constables and 235 Special Constables.

## Infobox (law enforcement agency)

- **agencyname**: Avon and Somerset Police
- **motto**: Serve. Protect. Respect.
- **preceding1**: Somerset and Bath Constabulary
- **preceding2**: Part of Gloucestershire Constabulary
- **preceding3**: Bristol Constabulary
- **employees**: 6,098 (2020)
- **volunteers**: 533 (2020)
- **budget**: £328.5 million
- **legalpersonality**: Police force
- **country**: England
- **subdivtype**: Police area
- **subdivname**: Avon and Somerset
- **map**: England Police Forces (Avon and Somerset).svg
- **mapcaption**: Map of police area
- **sizepopulation**: 1.72 million
- **legaljuris**: England and Wales, England & Wales
- **constitution1**: Police Act 1996
- **police**: Yes
- **local**: Yes
- **headquarters**: Portishead, Somerset, Portishead
- **sworntype**: Police officer
- **unsworntype**: Police community support officer
- **unsworn**: 330 (2020)
- **electeetype**: Police and crime commissioner, Police and Crime Commissioner
- **minister1name**: Clare Moody
- **chief1name**: Sarah Crew
- **chief1position**: Chief constable
- **unittype**: Divisions
- **unitname**: 6
- **stationtype**: Police station, Station
- **stations**: 29
- **vehicle1type**: Police car
- **vehicle2type**: Police motorcycle
- **animal1type**: Police dog
- **animal2type**: Mounted police, Police horse
Pygmoelian

"**Pygmoelian**" is the sixteenth episode of the eleventh season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on February 27, 2000.

## Infobox (simpsons episode)

- **season**: 11
- **episode**: 16
- **director**: Mark Kirkland
- **writer**: Larry Doyle (writer), Larry Doyle
- **production**: BABF12
- **blackboard**: "Dodgeball stops at the gym door"
- **couch gag**: The Simpsons sit down as normal. Marge Simpson, Marge notices the name “Matt Groening” written on the carpet, gets up, and wipes the name off. Matt Groening then comes in and rewrites his name on the floor.
- **commentary**: Mike Scully
George Meyer
Larry Doyle (writer), Larry Doyle
Matt Selman
Carolyn Omine
Mark Kirkland
- **prev**: Missionary: Impossible
- **next**: Bart to the Future
Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga

The **Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga** (Latin: _Dioecesis Balangensis_) is a Roman Catholic diocese having jurisdiction in the province of Bataan, Philippines. It was established on March 17, 1975, canonically erected on November 8, 1975 which separated Bataan from the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of San Fernando in Pampanga, and part of the Ecclesiastical Province of San Fernando, Pampanga. The diocese's seat and bishop's office is Balanga Cathedral and residence is at 57 Paterno St., Balanga City, Bataan.

Its current bishop is Rufino Sescon, Jr., who is the diocese's fifth bishop since March 1, 2025.

## Bishops of Balanga (official and temporary)

||scope="col" style="width:120px;"|Portrait|scope="col"|Name <small>(Birth–Death)</small>|scope="col"|Position Tenure or Term|scope="col"|Sede Vacante Administrator before installation into office (non-apostolic or diocesan administrator)|scope="col"|Coat of arms|scope="col"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|||||||||||||
|November 8, 1975– June 18, 1998 <small>(8,258 days)</small>|||<small>Longest-serving Bishop of Balanga</small>||||||||||
|2|||||||||||||
|June 18, 1998– August 28, 2003 <small>(1,827 days)</small>|||<small>Shortest-serving Bishop of Balanga</small>||||||||||
|3|||||||||||||
|May 3, 2004–November 4, 2009 <small>(2,011 days) Installed into office: July 3, 2004</small>|Antonio "Tony" S. Dumaual (1942–2023) <small> (Lived: 81 years) (Died: July 21, 2023) (Funeral: July 31, 2023) (August 28, 2003–July 3, 2004 (310 days))</small>||<small>First Bishop of Balanga from the Archdiocese of Manila and outside Ecclessiastical Province of San Fernando, Pampanga, the youngest bishop to take the position and office, and the first to took the position and office separately</small>||||||||||
|4|||||||||||||
|April 1, 2010– July 22, 2023 <small>(4,860 days) Installed into office: July 8, 2010</small>|Victor dela Cruz Ocampo (1952–2023) <small> (Lived: 71 years) (Died: March 16, 2023) (Funeral: March 27, 2023) (November 5, 2009–July 8, 2010 (245 days))</small>||<small>Longest serving living Bishop of Balanga since October 2015, and served on all years of Catholic Church's involvement on the appointing pope Benedict XVI both as pope and pope-emeritus (April 1, 2010–January 5, 2023) and the deaths of two and one funeral of sede vacante diocesan administrators on Santos' final year as Bishop of Balanga (March 16–27 (Victor dela Cruz Ocampo); July 21–22, 2023 (Antonio "Tony" S. Dumaual))</small>||||||||||
|July 22, 2023– March 1, 2025 <small>(588 days)</small>|||<small>Archbishop of San Fernando, Pampanga since October 27, 2014 and served the laying in state and funeral of one diocesan administrator (July 22–31, 2023 (Antonio "Tony" S. Dumaual))</small>||||||||||
|5|||||||||||||
|March 1, 2025–present|||||||||||||
The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth

***The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth*** is an American direct-to-video musical puppet preschool television series which ran from April 3, 1994 to January 15, 1995 with ten episodes, produced by Bomp Productions and MCA/Universal Home Video.
Your Mama Don't Dance

**Your Mama Don't Dance** is a blues rock song from 1972. It is by the singers Loggins and Messina.

It is about parents in the 1950s and 60s not liking rock and roll music. It also talks about the teenagers back then being rebellious and having sex in the backseat of cars.

The Bootleg Family Band sang a version of the song in 1973. Y&T also sang a version of it in 1985. Finally, the glam metal band Poison sang a version of it in 1989.
Afar people

The **Afar** (), also known as the **Danakil**, **Adali,Teltal, and** **Odali**, are a Cushitic ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa. They primarily live in the Afar Region of Ethiopia and in northern Djibouti, as well as the southern coast of Eritrea. They inhabit the Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea, the Afar Region of Ethiopia, and the Tadjourah and Obock Regions of Djibouti. The Afar speak the Afar language, which is part of the  Afroasiatic language family. Afars are the only inhabitants of the Horn of Africa whose traditional lands or areas border both the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.

## Location

The Afar people inhabit the Southern Red Sea Region in Eritrea, the Afar Region of Ethiopia, and the Tadjourah Region and Obock Region of Djibouti.

## Society

The Afar people are divided into two classes : Asaimara (“The Red Ones”) and Adoimara (“The White Ones”). Cooperation in larger units is only induced by warfare. The Àfars think their color designations (Asaimara, and Adoimara) came from the reddish soil of the interior desert and the white saline coastal soils.

## Clothing and adornment

The Afar tribe is famous for its elaborately curled ‘dayto’ do and the butter-covered ‘asdago’ afro styles.  The Afar wear brightly colored wraps. The Afar men carry the jile, a famous curved knife. Afar women intricately braid their hair in tight, fine plaits, often incorporating beads, shells or small coins.

## Salt trade

The Afar are known for the salt trade. They mine the salt and break the salt using simple tools, like axes or sticks, to break it into large slabs or blocks (amole). Workers shape and smooth out the salt so they are ready for trade. These slabs (amole) are then loaded onto camels or donkeys, and they form long caravans. The caravans travel for days or weeks to towns and markets in the Ethiopian highlands. Historically, salt was used as money in the form of amole salt bars. Salt mining still provides income for the Afar people.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Afar
- **native name**:
العفر(Arabic)

- **image**: Coiffure afar 2.jpg
- **image caption**: An Afar individual
- **population**: 3,350,000 (2019–2022)
- **popplace**: Horn of Africa
- **pop1**: 2,700,000 (2022)
- **pop2**: 342,000 (2019)
- **pop3**: 304,000 (2022)
- **languages**: Afar language, Afar
- **religions**: **Significant Majority:**
 Sunni Islam, Islam
- **related groups**: Saho people, Saho • Somalis in Ethiopia, Somalis • Beja people, Beja • Cushitic peoples
Evolution (Martina McBride album)

***Evolution*** is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Martina McBride. It was released in August 26, 1997.
The China Quarterly

***The China Quarterly*** is a scholarly journal that publishes research about China. It covers topics in politics, history, sociology, culture, law, and the economy. The journal focuses mainly on modern and contemporary China, including the People’s Republic of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and overseas Chinese communities.

The journal is published four times a year by Cambridge University Press. It is one of the most respected academic journals in the field of China studies. It is read by scholars, students, and people interested in Chinese affairs around the world.

## History

_The China Quarterly_ was first published in 1960 in London. It was started by the Congress for Cultural Freedom, an organization that supported free expression during the Cold War. In the 1970s, the journal became fully academic and independent. Today, it is published on behalf of the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London.

## Infobox (journal)

- **title**: The China Quarterly
- **discipline**: Area studies
- **editors**: Timothy Hildebrandt, Jieyu Liu and Tim Pringle
- **publisher**: Cambridge University Press for SOAS University of London.
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **history**: 1960–present
- **frequency**: Quarterly
- **impact**: 2.5
- **impact-year**: 2022
- **issn**: 0305-7410
- **eissn**: 1468-2648
- **lccn**: 62000248
- **oclc**: 01554322
- **website**: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=CQY
- **link1**: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=CQY&tab=currentissue
- **link1-name**: Online access
- **link2**: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayBackIssues?jid=CQY
- **link2-name**: Online archive
SOAS University of London

The **School of Oriental and African Studies** (**SOAS University of London**) is a public research university in London, England, and a member institution of the federal University of London. It was founded in 1916. SOAS is one of the world's leading institutions for the study of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: SOAS University of London
- **image upright**: .7
- **caption**: Coat of arms
- **motto**: Knowledge is Power
- **type**: Public university, Public
- **endowment**: £57.1 million (2024)
- **budget**: £113.8 million (2023/24)
- **chancellor**: Anne, Princess Royal, The Princess Royal
(as Chancellor of the University of London)
- **president**: Zeinab Badawi
- **vice chancellor**: Adam Habib
- **chair**: Michael Hastings, Baron Hastings of Scarisbrick, Lord Hastings of Scarisbrick
- **city**: London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **campus**: Urban
- **mascot**: Arabian camel and Asian elephant
Rockstar San Diego

**Rockstar San Diego, Inc.** (formerly **Angel Studios, Inc.**) is an American video game developer owned by Rockstar Games since 2002. They are best known for developing the _Red Dead_ series, as well as the Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE).

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Rockstar San Diego, Inc.
- **logo**: Rockstar San Diego Logo.svg
- **former name**: Angel Studios, Inc. (1984–2002)
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **industry**: Video games
- **founder**: Diego Angel
- **hq location city**: Carlsbad, California
- **hq location country**: U. S.
- **products**: _Red Dead_
_Midnight Club_
- **parent**: Rockstar Games (2002–present)
- **divisions**: RAGE Technology Group
Rockstar Advanced Game Engine

The **Rockstar Advanced Game Engine** (**RAGE**), is a proprietary game engine developed by Rockstar San Diego's **RAGE Technology Group**. It is based off of it's predecessor, Angel Game Engine.

## Infobox (video game engine)

- **name**: Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE)
- **logo**: Rockstar Advanced Game Engine Logo.svg
- **developer**: RAGE Technology Group (Rockstar San Diego)
- **replaces**: Angel Game Engine
- **license**: Proprietary software, Proprietary
- **middleware**: Bink Video
Bullet (software), Bullet
Euphoria (software), Euphoria
Thangbi Lanthaba

**Thangbi Lanthaba** was a Meitei monarch of the Ningthouja dynasty (Manipur Kingdom) of Ancient Kangleipak (now Manipur). He ruled from 1302 CE to 1324 CE.

### Battle with Marings

**Thangbi Lanthaba** with his soldiers, attacked the _Maring_ tribes. They captured _Maring Manatol_ (the sword smith of their village), _Thingkari_ who looked like a woman, and _Haonu Leihoubi_ (the maiden), and _Leihouba_ (husband of the maiden), and _Khanglak Lanthouyang._

### Battle with Loipi tribes

**Thangbi Lanthaba** and his soldiers also attacked the _Loipi_ tribes at _Shekhu hill_ in the south and were victorious. They captured _Tengkongbi_ and _Marem Namngaba_.

## See also

- Sanongba Lasumthomba
- Ningthouja dynasty
- List of Meitei kings

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Thangbi Lanthaba
- **title**: Ningthou of Manipur
- **reign**: 1302 C.E - 1324 C.E
- **reign-type**: Monarch
- **coronation**: 1302 C.E
- **predecessor**: Moiramba
- **successor**: Ningthou Kongyamba
- **birth name**: Thangpi Lanthapa
- **spouse**: Iwangron Yoiren Tompokpi, Ningthoutara Chanu, Yumanu Chanu, Yangoil, Thongam Chanu, Leimathangda
- **house**: Ningthouja dynasty
- **father**: Moiramba
- **mother**: Nongbanlon Khumankhombi
- **occupation**: Monarch of Manipur Kingdom
- **religion**: Sanamahism
2004 U.S. Open (golf)

The **2004 United States Open Championship** was the 104th U.S. Open. The tournament was on June 17–20 at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club in Shinnecock Hills, New York. Retief Goosen won his second U.S. Open tournament. He was 2 strokes ahead of 2nd place, Phil Mickelson, the Masters

The tournament was late on Sunday. The weather was dry and windy. Goosen's last U.S. Open win was in 2001 in Southern Hills.

## Other websites

- USOpen.com – 2004

## Infobox (individual golf tournament)

- **name**: 2004 U.S. Open
- **image size**: 130
- **dates**: June 17–20, 2004
- **location**: Shinnecock Hills, New York
- **course**: Shinnecock Hills Golf Club
- **org**: United States Golf Association, USGA
- **tour**: PGA Tour
 European Tour
 Japan Golf Tour
- **par**: 70
- **field**: 156 players, 66 after cut
- **cut**: 146 (+6)
- **purse**: United States dollar, $6,250,000
Euro, €5,203,577
- **winners share**: $1,125,000
€936,644
- **champion**: Retief Goosen
- **score**: 276 (−4)
- **previous**: 2003 U.S. Open (golf), 2003
- **next**: 2005 U.S. Open (golf), 2005