The Bahamas

**The Bahamas** (officially called **Commonwealth of The Bahamas**) are a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. The country's capital, Nassau, is on New Providence Island.

The Taino were the first people living there. In 1492, Christopher Columbus found the Americas by landing on another of the islands, San Salvador. The Eleutheran Adventurers soon came along, making a home in Eleuthera.

The islands' mostly black population speaks English, the country's main language.

The Bahamas are a popular place for people to visit for holidays, the 700 islands and cays attract many visitors from nearby America, as well as Europe and other countries.

## History

Lucayans were the first people to arrive in the Bahamas. They moved into the southern Bahamas from Hispaniola and Cuba around the 11th century AD, having come there from South America. They came to be known as the Lucayan. About 30,000 Lucayan lived the Bahamas when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. Columbus' first landfall in the New World was on an island named San Salvador, which some scholars believe to be present-day San Salvador Island.

The Spanish forced much of the Lucayan population to move to Hispaniola. They were used for forced labor. This and the exposure to foreign infectious disease led to most of the population of the Bahamas dying. Smallpox alone wiped out half of the population in what is now the Bahamas.

In 1670, King Charles II rented out the islands to the Carolinas, along with rights of trading, tax, and governing the country. During this time, the Bahamas became a haven for pirates, including the infamous Blackbeard. To restore proper government, Britain made the Bahamas a crown colony in 1718. The first governor was Woodes Rogers.

After the American War of Independence, the British resettled some 7,300 Loyalists and their slaves in the Bahamas from New York, Florida, and the Carolinas. The first group of loyalists left St. Augustine in East Florida in September 1783. These Loyalists established plantations on several islands. British Americans were outnumbered by the African-American slaves they brought with them, and ethnic Europeans remained a minority in the territory.
On 10 July 1973 The Bahamas gains full independence within British Commonwealth.

## People

Nearly 500,000 people live in The Bahamas. The ethnic groups of the population is:
 82% African descent
 15% European & Mixed descent
 3% Asian and other.

### Languages

The official language of the Bahamas is English, but they also speak a local dialect called Bahamianese. The Bahamian dialect is based on the West Country England accents along with South Hiberno English dialects with strong influences from West African languages.

## Geography and climate

In 1864 the Governor of the Bahamas reported that there were 29 islands, 661 cays, and 2,387 rocks in the colony.

The closest island to the United States is Bimini. The southeasternmost island is Inagua. The largest island is Andros Island. Nassau, capital city of The Bahamas, is on the island of New Providence.

All the islands are low and flat. The highest point in the country is Mount Alvernia on Cat Island. It is  high.

### Climate

The climate of The Bahamas is subtropical to tropical.  The Gulf Stream can be very dangerous in the summer and autumn.  This is when hurricanes pass near or through the islands. Hurricane Andrew hit the northern islands during the 1992 Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Floyd hit most of the islands during the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season.

There has never been a freeze reported in The Bahamas. The temperature can fall as low as .

## Districts

The Bahamas are divided into 32 districts and the town of New Providence.

The districts are:
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## Military

The Bahamas does not have an army or an air force.  The Royal Bahamas Defence Force (RBDF) is the navy.  The Defence Force has a fleet of 26 coastal and inshore patrol craft along with 2 aircraft and over 850 personnel including 65 officers and 74 women.

## Related pages

- Bahamas at the Olympics
- Bahamas national football team
- List of rivers of the Bahamas

## Other websites

- Government official website
- The Ministry of Tourism's official website

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Commonwealth of The Bahamas
- **common name**: The Bahamas
- **image flag**: Flag of the Bahamas.svg
- **flag type**: Flag of the Bahamas, Flag
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of the Bahamas.svg
- **national motto**: "Forward, Upward, Onward, Together"
- **national anthem**: "March On, Bahamaland"<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"></div>
- **royal anthem**: "God Save the King"<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"></div>
- **image map**: The Bahamas on the globe (Americas centered).svg
- **capital**: Nassau, Bahamas, Nassau
- **largest city**: capital
- **official languages**: English language, English
- **ethnic groups**: 90.6% Afro-Bahamian
4.7% White Bahamian, European
2.1% Mulatto
1.9% Demographics of the Bahamas#Ethnic groups, Other
0.7% Unspecified
- **ethnic groups year**: 2010
- **religion year**: 2010
- **demonym**: Bahamians, Bahamian
- **leader title1**: Monarchy of the Bahamas, Monarch
- **leader name1**: Charles III
- **leader name2**: Cynthia A. Pratt, Dame Cynthia A. Pratt
- **leader title3**: Prime Minister of the Bahamas, Prime Minister
- **leader name3**: Philip "Brave" Davis, Philip Davis
- **legislature**: Parliament of the Bahamas, Parliament
- **upper house**: Senate of the Bahamas, Senate
- **lower house**: House of Assembly of the Bahamas, House of Assembly
- **sovereignty type**: Independence
- **established event1**: from the United Kingdom
- **established date1**: 10 July 1973
- **area km2**: 13,878
- **area rank**: 155th
- **area sq mi**: 5358
- **percent water**: 28%
- **population census**: 351,461
- **population estimate rank**: 177th
- **population census year**: 2010
- **population density km2**: 25.21
- **population density sq mi**: 63.5
- **population density rank**: 181st
- **gdp ppp**: $12.612 billion
- **gdp ppp year**: 2018
- **gdp ppp rank**: 148th
- **gdp ppp per capita**: $33,494
- **gdp ppp per capita rank**: 40th
- **gdp nominal**: $12.803 billion
- **gdp nominal year**: 2018
- **gdp nominal rank**: 130th
- **gdp nominal per capita**: $34,102
- **gdp nominal per capita rank**: 26th
- **hdi**: 0.814
- **hdi year**: 2019
- **hdi change**: increase
- **hdi rank**: 58th
- **time zone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: −5
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **time zone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **drives on**: Right- and left-hand traffic, left
- **calling code**: Area code 242, +1 242
- **iso3166code**: BS
- **cctld**: .bs
- **footnote a**: Also referred to as _Bahamian dialect_ or _Bahamianese_