juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The King of Kings

***The King of Kings*** is a 1927 silent movie. It was directed by Cecil B. DeMille. It is a religious movie about the last weeks of Jesus before his crucifixion. H. B. Warner starred as Jesus. One of the last sequences of the movie, the Resurrection, is in Technicolor. A giant gate built for this movie was later used in _King Kong_ in 1933. The same gate was one of the sets torched for the "burning of Atlanta" scene in 1939 in _Gone with the Wind_. _The King of Kings_ was the first movie that premiered at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Los Angeles, California. The date was May 18, 1927.

## Other websites

- _The King of Kings_ at TCM Database
- Criterion Collection essay by Peter Matthews
Mary Pickford

**Gladys Louise Smith** (April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979), (known professionally as **Mary Pickford**) was a Canadian silent movie actress. She was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in _Coquette_. She was married to actor Charles "Buddy" Rogers.

Pickford was co-founder of United Artists. She was one of the original 36 founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. She married silent movie star Douglas Fairbanks. They lived in a Hollywood home called Pickfair.

She was called "America's Sweetheart" during the silent film era, and is on the list of the AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars. She is put as the 24th-top female star from the Classical Hollywood Cinema era.

### Sources

- <small>Total pages: 680.</small>

## Further reading

- Gladys goes to Hollywood at _100 Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces_, by Merna Forster, via Google Books, pp. 204 sq.

- Mary Pickford at the Women Film Pioneers Project
- About Mary Pickford, from the Mary Pickford Foundation website
- Mary Pickford CBC Radio interview May 25, 1959
- Mary Pickford at the _Encyclopædia Britannica_
- Footage of Mary Pickford with Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks in 1919
- Mary Pickford at Virtual History
- Mary Pickford–Buddy Rogers correspondence, 1943–1976, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
- Mary Pickford scrapbook, 1915–1917, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
- Mary Pickford papers, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
- _Mary Pickford – Whose Real Name is Gladys Smith_ from _Current Opinion Magazine_, June, 1918

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mary Pickford
- **image**: Mary Pickford cph.3c17995u.jpg
- **caption**: Pickford in 1910
- **birth name**: Gladys Louise Smith
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, U.S.
- **burial place**: Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale), Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California
- **citizenship**: British subject (1892–1978)
Canada (1978–1979)
- **awards**: Hollywood Walk of Fame
- **years active**: 1900–1955
- **party**: Republican
- **children**: 2
- **parents**: Charlotte Hennessey and John Charles Smith
- **signature**: Autograph Mary Pickford.svg
Mark Clayton (American football, born 1982)

**Mark Jermaine Clayton** (born July 2, 1982) is a former American football player. He played as a  wide receiver for the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League. Clayton played for the University of Oklahoma Sooners from 2001 to 2004, before he was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the first round (25th overall) of the 2005 NFL Draft. Clayton's best season was in 2006 with Baltimore, when he had 67 catches, 939 receiving yards, and five touchdowns. Clayton struggled with injuries in his two seasons with St. Louis.

## Infobox (nfl player)

- **name**: Mark Clayton
- **image**: Mark Clayton (3846789466).jpg
- **image size**: 275
- **caption**: Clayton in 2009
- **number**: 89
- **position**: Wide receiver
- **birth place**: Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lbs**: 195
- **high school**: Sam Houston High School (Arlington, Texas), Arlington (TX) Sam Houston
- **college**: Oklahoma Sooners football, Oklahoma
- **draftyear**: 2005
- **draftround**: 1
- **draftpick**: 22
- **pastteams**: * Baltimore Ravens (–)
* St. Louis Rams (–)
- **highlights**: * 2× First-team College Football All-America Team, All-American (2003 College Football All-America Team, 2003, 2004 College Football All-America Team, 2004)
* 2× First-team All–Big 12 Conference, Big 12 (2003, 2004)
* BCS National Championship Game, BCS national champion (2001 Orange Bowl, 2000)
- **statlabel1**: Reception (American football), Receptions
- **statvalue1**: 260
- **statlabel2**: Receiving yards
- **statvalue2**: 3,448
- **statlabel3**: Touchdown, Receiving touchdowns
- **statvalue3**: 14
- **statlabel4**: Rushing yards
- **statvalue4**: 118
- **statlabel5**: Touchdown, Rushing touchdowns
- **statvalue5**: 2
- **nflnew**: markclayton/2506361
- **pfr**: C/ClayMa01
Douglas Fairbanks

**Douglas Fairbanks** was a silent movie actor. He was born on May 23, 1883. He is best known for _The Thief of Bagdad_, _Robin Hood_, and _The Mark of Zorro_. He was a "swashbuckler" in the movies. A swashbuckler is an athletic, romantic hero. He married Mary Pickford in 1920. They lived in a Hollywood home called Pickfair. He was called "The King of Hollywood". His movie career went south when the "talkies" came along. Fairbanks was also a screenwriter, a director, and a producer. He was a founding member of both United Artists and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He hosted the first Oscars Ceremony in 1929. He died on December 12, 1939. His son, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. was also an actor.

## Other websites

- The Douglas Fairbanks Museum
- AFI Catalog Silent Films entry for Douglas Fairbanks
- Douglas Fairbanks(exclusively a stage star in 1910); PeriodPaper.com
Alluvial fan

An **alluvial fan** is a fan-shaped deposit of soil and rocks. It forms where a fast-flowing river spreads out over a flat plain. They are usually found in between mountain ranges that are crumbling away. If it rains a lot, the fan area will usually flood.

## Alluvial plain

An alluvial plain is a mostly flat landform where sediment is deposited over time. The cause is the same: one or more rivers coming from highland regions. A floodplain is  the smaller area over which the rivers flood at a particular period of time, and the alluvial plain is the larger area, where floodplains have shifted over geological time.

## Related pages

- River delta

## Other websites

- Irrigation in the alluvial fan of Punata, Bolivia
- Irrigation in the alluvial fan of Garmsar, Iran
- Flood recession cropping in the alluvial fan of Okavango, Botswana
- Irrigation in alluvial fans in Baluchistan
- Irrigation of alluvial fans
Robin Hood (1922 movie)

***Robin Hood*** is a 1922 silent movie. It stars Douglas Fairbanks. _Robin Hood_ was the first movie to have a Hollywood  premiere. The premiere was held at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre on October 18, 1922.

The movie's full title is _Douglas Fairbanks in Robin Hood_. It was one of the most expensive movies of the 1920s. It cost about $1,000,000 to make. The movie is about the famous English outlaw. The movie received mostly good reviews.

In spite of the movie's careful construction, it received some negative responses. Vachel Lindsay thought the movie was "a heavy exhibit of armor that does not move." He thought it a failure because the first half of the movie was basically spectacle.

Nonetheless, _Robin Hood_ was thought at the time to be a milestone in the development of movie art. It would be overshadowed however by the hugely popular Errol Flynn movie of 1938.

## References

- Vance, Jeffrey. 2008. _Douglas Fairbanks_. University of California Press.
- Zollo, Paul. 2002. _Hollywood Remembered: An Oral History of Its Golden Age_. Taylor Trade Publications.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Robin Hood
- **image**: Douglas Fairbanks Robin Hood 1922 film poster.jpg
- **producer**: Douglas Fairbanks
- **director**: Allan Dwan
- **writer**: Douglas Fairbanks
- **starring**: Douglas Fairbanks
Wallace Beery
Enid Bennett
Sam De Grasse
Alan Hale, Sr., Alan Hale
- **music**: Victor Schertzinger
- **cinematography**: Arthur Edeson & Charles Richardson
- **editing**: Bill Nolan (animator), William Nolan
- **distributor**: United Artists
- **runtime**: 127 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent film
English language, English intertitles
- **gross**: $1 million (US/Canada)
Truman

**Truman** may refer to any of the Following

- Harry S. Truman, former president of the United States
- The Truman Show, an American television show
- Truman Capote, an American author
Jonathan Demme

**Robert Jonathan Demme** (February 22, 1944 – April 26, 2017) was an American filmmaker. He was born in Baldwin, New York. He was best known for directing _The Silence of the Lambs_, for which he won an Academy Award. He directed and co-produced _Philadelphia_ and _Rachel Getting Married_.

His nephew Ted Demme (1963–2002) was a filmmaker.

On April 26, 2017, Demme died in New York City at the age of 73 due to complications from esophageal cancer and heart disease.
Defensive tackle

A **defensive tackle** is a position in American and Canadian football.

Defensive tackles typically line up in the center of the defensive line.  As some of the largest players (in size) on the field, defensive tackles try to make it hard for the quarterback to throw the ball by blocking offensive linemen and tackles who protect the quarterback. They rarely do anything else.

In the National Football League, defensive tackles may wear numbers in the 50s, 60s, 70s, and 90s, but may wear any number they chose in college football.
Coffin Bay National Park

**Coffin Bay National Park** is a large national park on the west coast of the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. It is  west of Port Lincoln. The park protects a range of different coastal areas including high cliffs, surf beaches, quiet bays and huge sand dunes. A large area of the park is on the Coffin Bay Peninsula. Much of the park is only accessible by four-wheel drive vehicles or boat.

Aboriginal stories say a great fire came from the ocean. Two men stopped the fire by dumping the sand dunes on top of it.

One of the trees found in the park is the Drooping Sheoak, Allocasuarina verticillata, and it is being replanted to restore some of the grassy woodlands. Western Grey Kangaroos, lizards and emus can be found through the park.

## Infobox (protected area of australia)

- **name**: Coffin Bay National Park
- **location map**: South Australia
- **iucn category**: II
- **image**: Coffin Bay National Park limestone cliffs.jpg
- **caption**: Avoid Bay, on the park's west coast
- **lat**: -34.582222
- **long**: 135.321944
- **map scale**: 1000000
- **relief**: yes
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **nearest town or city**: Port Lincoln, South Australia, Port Lincoln
- **area**: 309.76
- **managing authorities**: Department for Environment and Heritage
- **url**: http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/parks/Find_a_Park/Browse_by_region/Eyre_Peninsula/Coffin_Bay_National_Park
Surface runoff

**Surface runoff** is the excess water that flows over land when the soil below it is flooded. This is a big part of the water cycle. This a prime cause for soil erosion and degradation of soil.
Way Down East

***Way Down East*** is a 1920 silent movie. It was directed by D. W. Griffith. The movie stars Lillian Gish as Anna and Richard Barthelmess as David. The movie is based on a 19th-century play by Lottie Blair Parker.

This movie is famous for its exciting climax. Lillian Gish's character is rescued from certain death on an icy river. _Way Down East_ is the fourth highest grossing silent movie in movie history. It brought in more than $4,500,000 at the box office in 1920. Some parts of _Way Down East_ were shot in an early Technicolor process.

## Main cast

- Anna Moore, a poor country girl - Lillian Gish
- David Bartlett, son of Squire Bartlett - Richard Barthelmess
- Squire Bartlett, David's father - Burr McIntosh
- Lennox Sanderson, father of Anna's baby - Lowell Sherman

## Story

Anna Moore is tricked into a fake marriage by the rich Lennox Sanderson. She gets pregnant, and he leaves her. She has the baby on her own. The baby dies. Anna wanders until she gets a job with Squire Bartlett. His son David falls in love with her. She rejects him because of her past.

Squire Bartlett learns of Anna's past. He throws her out into a blizzard. Anna becomes lost in the storm. David leads a search party. Anna floats down an icy river towards a steep waterfall. She is rescued by David. He marries her in the final scene.

## Response

Some modern critics like the movie, some do not. Paul Brenner has written, "Many of Griffith's features suffer from sententious moralizing, a sense of God speaking to the masses, and outright racism. But _Way Down East_ highlights the greatness of Griffith without having to sit through the Sermon on the Mount or the Ride of The Klan. In _Way Down East_, Griffith's psychotic nuttiness, for once, didn't get in the way of a good [movie]."

Critic Dennis Schwartz likes "the strong emotional performances of the diminutive Lillian Gish". He decides that "this old-fashioned bucolic soap opera doesn't translate well to modern-times. It's quintessential Griffith melodrama, a mix of opposing forces between those favoring Bible morality and the wealthy hedonists who mock God with their amorality ... [the movie] has an irritating moralistic Bible flavor in supporting monogamy ... The [movie]'s most exciting scene was made without any special effects, and is the only thing about the [movie] worth remembering."

## Other websites

- _Way Down East_ at SilentEra.com
- _Way Down East_ at _The Greatest Films_ by Tim Dirks
- _Way Down East_ at YouTube

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Way Down East
- **image**: Way Down East (film, 1920).webm
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **producer**: D. W. Griffith (uncredited)
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith (uncredited)
Joseph R. Grismer
Anthony Paul Kelly (scenario)
- **starring**: Lillian Gish
Richard Barthelmess
Lowell Sherman
Burr McIntosh
- **music**: Louis Silvers
William Frederick Peters
- **cinematography**: Billy Bitzer
Hendrik Sartov
- **distributor**: United Artists
- **runtime**: 145 minutes
107 minutes
(1931 re-release)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent film
English intertitles
- **gross**: $4,500,000
- **budget**: United States dollar, US$ 700,000
Lillian Gish

**Lillian Diana Gish** (October 14, 1893 – February 27, 1993) was an American actress. She was born in Springfield, Ohio. Gish came from a Episcopalian and Lutheran religious background. She was a descendant of a colonial minister and a Revolutionary War hero. Lillian was very young when her father abandoned his family.  She and her sister Dorothy joined the acting profession with their mother. In 1912, their friend Mary Pickford introduced the sisters to D. W. Griffith. They got contracts with Biograph Studios.  The sisters debuted in Griffith's short movie _An Unseen Enemy_ in 1912. Lillian starred in many of Griffith's most famous movies. These included _The Birth of a Nation_, _Intolerance_, _Broken Blossoms_, _Way Down East_, and _Orphans of the Storm_. One of the famous images of Gish's silent movie years is the climax of _Way Down East_. Her character floats unconscious on an ice floe towards a waterfall, her long hair floating in the water. She made "talkies" (movies with sound), too. Her sound movie work was off and on. She was in the controversial western _Duel in the Sun_ and _Night of the Hunter_. She did a lot of television work from the early 1950s until the 1980s. At the end of her career she appeared with Bette Davis  in the 1987 movie _The Whales of August_. She never married or had children. She died in her sleep of natural causes on February 27, 1993. She is buried next to her sister Dorothy at Saint Bartholomew's Episcopal Church in New York City. Gish's career lasted 75 years, from 1912 to 1987. She was given the nickname **The First Lady of American Cinema**. She is thought to have started many movie performance skills. The American Film Institute (AFI) named Gish 17th among the greatest female stars of all time. She received an Honorary Academy Award in 1971. In 1984 she received an AFI Life Achievement Award.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Lillian Gish Film Festival in Springfield, Ohio
- The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Film Theater
- Extensive Lillian Gish gallery
- Photographs and bibliography
- Lillian Gish  photographed by Edward Steichen in November 1934
- Maison 140

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lillian Gish
- **image**: Lilian Gish 8 Allan Warren.jpg
- **caption**: Gish in 1973
- **birth name**: Lillian Diana Gish
- **birth place**: Springfield, Ohio, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1902–1988
- **mother**: Mary Gish, Mary Robinson McConnell
- **relatives**: Dorothy Gish (sister)
- **signature**: Lillian Gish signature.png
John Newlands

**John Alexander Reina Newlands** (26 November 1837– 29 July 1898) was an English chemist who worked on the discovery of the Periodic Table of the Elements. He studied at the Royal College of Chemistry in London.

He arranged the chemical elements according to their atomic weight. He noticed a pattern with every eighth element, which he compared to octaves in music. He called this the Law of Octaves.
Fracture (geology)

In geology, a **fracture** is any kind of separation or break in a rock formation. Examples are joints or faults. These divides the rock into two or more pieces. A fracture can sometimes form a deep, wide crack in the rock. They are usually caused when the rock is not strong enough to hold up under too much stress. This makes the rock crack along its weakest point. Fractures can provide access for fluids, like water or hydrocarbons, to move into the rock.
Joint (geology)

In geology, a **joint** is a fracture dividing rock into two sections that moved away from each other. A joint does not involve shear displacement, and forms when tensile stress breaches its threshold. In other kinds of fracturing, like in a fault, the rock is parted by a visible crack that forms a gap in the rock.

Joints push out in various directions, usually vertically. They can have smooth, clean surfaces, or they can be scarred from sliding against another joint. Joints usually occur as sets, with each set made up of joints that are parallel to each other.

Joints become more and more obvious when the rock is weathered (eroded by the elements). When water gets into the joints, this can lead to the formation of big caves and underground rivers.
Pollyanna (1920 movie)

***Pollyanna*** is a 1920 silent movie. It stars Mary Pickford. It was directed by Paul Powell. It was based on Eleanor H. Porter's novel _Pollyanna_. It was Pickford's first movie for United Artists. It became a great success. It would be regarded as one of the movies that defined Pickford's "little girl" movies. She was 27, but played a 12 year old girl. The movie made $1.1 million (that was about $10 million in 2008). This was a lot of money at the time.
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923 movie)

***The Hunchback of Notre Dame*** is a 1923 silent movie based on Victor Hugo's novel. It was directed by Wallace Worsley, produced by Carl Laemmle and Irving Thalberg, and starred Lon Chaney, Sr.. The 1939 movie starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O'Hara. It was Universal's "Super Jewel". It was their most successful silent movie. It had $3 million. The movie is set in 15th century Paris. Chaney's performance and spectacular make-up as the tortured bell-ringer of Notre Dame are famous. The movie made Chaney a superstar. It set a standard for horror movies including Chaney's own _The Phantom of the Opera_ in 1925.
The Mark of Zorro (1920 movie)

***The Mark of Zorro*** is a 1920 silent movie. It stars Douglas Fairbanks and Noah Beery. This "swashbuckler" adventure was the first movie version of _The Mark of Zorro_. It was based on the 1919 story "The Curse of Capistrano" by Johnston McCulley. This book introduced the masked hero, Zorro. The screenplay was adapted from the book by Fairbanks (as "Elton Thomas") and Eugene Miller.

The movie was produced by Fairbanks for his own production company, Douglas Fairbanks Pictures Corporation. It was the first movie released through United Artists. This company was formed by Fairbanks, Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, and D. W. Griffith. The movie has been remade twice, once in 1940 (starring Tyrone Power) and again in 1974 (starring Frank Langella).
Swashbuckler movie

**Swashbuckler movies** are movies about rough, manly swordsmen. A swashbuckling hero has high ideals. He rescues damsels in distress. His enemy is usually a dastardly villain. Swashbucklers who combine outstanding courage, sword fighting skill, resourcefulness, chivalry, and a distinctive sense of honor and justice include The Three Musketeers, The Scarlet Pimpernel, Robin Hood, and Zorro.

Swashbuckler movies are one of the most flamboyant Hollywood genres. These movies are unrealistic. They are often set in the Renaissance, in Arabia, or on pirate ships. Sets are elaborate. Costumes are lavish. Swashbuckler movies attract big audiences. These audiences want to forget their boring everyday lives. They can escape their lives in the adventure, romance, and daring stunts of the swashbuckler movie. Famous actors who portrayed swashbucklers are Errol Flynn and Douglas Fairbanks.

The stories came from romantic costume novels like those written by Alexandre Dumas, père and Rafael Sabatini. Last but not least, thrilling music was an important part of the movie formula. There were three great cycles of swashbuckler films: the Douglas Fairbanks period of 1920-1929, the Errol Flynn period of 1935-1941, and a period in the 1950s that included movies such as _Ivanhoe_. The British television series _The Adventures of Robin Hood_ made the genre even more popular. The genre has been revived in the _Pirates of the Caribbean_ series of movies.
Tomboy

A **tomboy** is a girl who does things which are similar to the gender role of a boy.

They might also wear masculine-type clothes and play games and take part in activities which are often quite physical. This type of thing is usually thought to be done more by boys.

The opposite of a tomboy is a femboy (a boy who does things which are similar to the gender role of a girl).
West Point (1928 movie)

***West Point*** is a 1928 silent movie. The story and screenplay were written by Raymond L. Schrock. Titles were written by Joseph Farnham. The movie was directed by Edward Sedgwick. It was produced by Maj. Raymond G. Moses. The movie was shot on location at West Point and vicinity. _Photoplay_ gave the movie a nice review, commenting: "Bill Haines' starring vehicle ... treats everything in a humorous vein in the beginning, getting many laughs." The same story was used for _Dress Parade_ in 1927 starring William Boyd and Bessie Love. The 1928 movie has been released to DVD.

## Story

Brice Wayne (played by Billy Haines) is an arrogant, impudent, and flippant West Point cadet. He realizes that he does not have the proper school spirit. He plays football, but is dismissed from the team shortly before the Army-Navy match. Brice resigns from the Military Academy. He retracts when his friends Tex McNeil (played by William Bakewell) and Betty Channing (played by Joan Crawford) encourage him to stay. Restored to the team, Brice scores the big goal in the game against Navy.
Pope Victor

**Pope Victor** may mean

- Pope Victor I (189–199)
- Pope Victor II (1055–1057)
- Pope Victor III (1086–1087), a saint of the Roman Catholic Church

There were also two antipopes who chose to be called Victor IV.
- Antipope Victor IV (1138)
- Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)
Martine McCutcheon

**Martine McCutcheon** (born Martine Kimberley Sherrie Ponting on 14 May 1976) is a British actress and singer. She was born in Hackney, London. She played Tiffany Mitchell in _EastEnders_ from 1995 to 1998. She played Natalie in _Love Actually_.

In September 2012, McCutcheon married singer Jack McManus. On 4 February 2015, she gave birth to her son, Rafferty Jack McManus. In August 2024, she separated from McManus.

## Other websites

- Official website
Love Actually

***Love Actually*** is a 2003 British romantic comedy-drama movie. The large majority of it is set in London, with parts of it set in Marseille, France and Wisconsin, United States. It features several interlinked stories of love. It was written and directed by Richard Curtis. It stars Hugh Grant, Liam Neeson, Colin Firth, Laura Linney, Emma Thompson, Alan Rickman, Keira Knightley, Martine McCutcheon, Bill Nighy and Rowan Atkinson.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Love Actually
- **director**: Richard Curtis
- **producer**: Duncan Kenworthy
Tim Bevan
Eric Fellner
Debra Hayward
Liza Chasin
- **writer**: Richard Curtis
- **starring**: Hugh Grant
Liam Neeson
Colin Firth
Laura Linney
Emma Thompson
Alan Rickman
Keira Knightley
Martine McCutcheon
Bill Nighy
Rowan Atkinson
- **music**: Craig Armstrong (composer), Craig Armstrong
- **editing**: Nick Moore (film director), Nick Moore
- **cinematography**: Michael Coulter
- **studio**: StudioCanal
Working Title Films
DNA Films
- **distributor**: Universal Studios, Universal Pictures
- **runtime**: 136 minutes
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
Portuguese
- **budget**: $45 million ()
£30 million
- **gross**: $246,942,017
Saint-Cyr-l'École

**Saint-Cyr-l'École** is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is 21.4 km (13.3 mi) from the center of Paris.

In 2006, about 16,365 people lived here.

## Education

From 1993 to 1996, the main campus of the Service d'exploitation de la formation aéronautique was in the commune.
Floodplain

A **floodplain** is the flat area around a river that is covered in times of flood.  A floodplain is a very fertile area due to the rich alluvium (fine sediment) deposited by floodwaters. This makes floodplains a good place for agriculture. A build-up of alluvium on the banks of a river can create levees, which raise the riverbank.
Satch Boogie

**Satch Boogie** is the fifth track from Joe Satriani's 1987 album _Surfing With The Alien_. The piece is a hard driving rock boogie in shuffle time. The solo is a mixture of A pentatonic blues and Dorian mode, the chord sequence is: A D F# A. The tapping solo uses Satriani's signature Pitch Axis Theory composition style, the central pitch in this case is A and the broken chords revolve around this note.

## Other websites

- How to play Satch Boogie
Monomer

A **monomer** is a single atom or molecule which is able to join with other monomers to make new substances called polymers. The words come from the Greek language where _mono_ means "one", _poly_ means "many", and _meros_ means "a part". A feature of monomers is that they have two carbon atoms which are joined, called a carbon double bond. The double bond allows the monomer to make the long chains of polymers. There are thousands of different monomers. Examples of monomers include monosaccharide which is simple sugar, glycerol, amino acid and nucleotide. The most made monomer is ethylene.

## References

hu:Molekula#Monomer
Anne Tenney

**Anne Tenney** (born 1954 in Sydney) is an Australian movie and television actress. She is best known for her role as Molly Jones in the television drama _A Country Practice_ and as Sal Kerrigan in _The Castle_.

## Career

Tenney started her career with guest roles in several Australian drama series, before becoming a part of the cast of _A Country Practice_ in 1981. She left the program in 1985.
She then got roles in many other television series. These include _Police Rescue_, _Brides of Christ_, _E Street_, _Water Rats_, _Always Greener_, _All Saints_ and _headLand_.

She also appeared in 1997 movie _The Castle_.

## Awards

In 1985 and 1986, Tenney won the 'Most Popular Actress' award at the Logies.

## Personal

She is married to actor Shane Withington. He played her husband on _A Country Practice_.

## Infobox (person)

- **birth name**: Anne Tenney
- **birth place**: Sydney
- **occupation**: Actress
- **spouse**: Shane Withington
Elio Di Rupo

**Elio Di Rupo** (born 18 July 1951) is a Belgian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Belgium from 2011 to 2014. He was the leader of Parti socialiste. He was born in Morlanwelz, Wallonia to Italian parents. Di Rupo is openly gay. In 2024, he was eleted to the European Parliament, having served before from 1989 to 1994.

Di Rupo is the first openly gay man to lead a sovereign state. He was also the first openly gay man to win the position in his own right in an election.

Di Rupo is also mayor of Mons and previously alderman of the same city.

He is an atheist and a Freemason.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Elio Di Rupo
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of the European Parliament, MEP
- **image**: 1718636580832 20240612 DI RUPO Elio BE 10B.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2024
- **office**: Prime Minister of Belgium
- **monarch**: Albert II of Belgium, Albert II
Philippe of Belgium, Philippe
- **term start**: 6 December 2011
- **term end**: 11 October 2014
- **predecessor**: Yves Leterme
- **successor**: Charles Michel
- **office1**: Minister-President of Wallonia, Minister-President of Wallonia
- **term start1**: 13 September 2019
- **term end1**: 15 July 2024
- **predecessor1**: Willy Borsus
- **successor1**: Adrien Dolimont
- **term start2**: 6 October 2005
- **term end2**: 20 July 2007
- **predecessor2**: André Antoine
- **successor2**: Rudy Demotte
- **term start3**: 15 July 1999
- **term end3**: 4 April 2000
- **predecessor3**: Robert Collignon
- **successor3**: Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe
- **office4**: Parti Socialiste (Belgium), Leader of the Socialist Party
- **term start4**: 22 November 2014
- **term end4**: 21 October 2019
- **predecessor4**: Paul Magnette
- **successor4**: Paul Magnette
- **term start5**: 16 September 1999
- **term end5**: 6 December 2011
- **predecessor5**: Philippe Busquin
- **successor5**: Thierry Giet
- **office6**: Mayor of Mons, Belgium, Mons
- **term start6**: 8 October 2000
- **term end6**: 3 December 2018
- **predecessor6**: Maurice Lafosse
- **successor6**: Nicolas Martin
- **birth place**: Morlanwelz, Belgium
- **party**: Parti Socialiste (Belgium), Socialist Party
- **alma mater**: University of Mons-Hainaut
University of Leeds
- **signature**: Accession Treaty 2011 Elio Di Rupo signature.svg
- **office7**: Member of the European Parliament for
Belgium
- **constituency7**: French-speaking electoral college
- **term start7**: 16 July 2024
- **term start8**: 1989
- **term end8**: 1994
Payment protection insurance

**Payment protection insurance** (commonly abbreviated PPI) is a special insurance. People who get a loan  can get an insurance against dying, having an accident or becoming unemployed during the period of this loan. If the person taking the loan dies, the rest of the loan is paid by the insurance company; if they become unable to work because of an accident, or because of unemployment, the insurance company will pay the installments.

This form of insurance has often been criticised because it is expensive; also the insurance and the people selling the insurance usually have high margins on these kinds of insurance.
Otoya Yamaguchi

was a Japanese political activist and assassin. He killed Inejirō Asanuma, the head of the Japanese Socialist Party (JCP).  On October 12, 1960, the killing was broadcast live by NHK television.

## Assassin

Yamaguchi was an assassin because he killed a politically active man. His reasons for the murder were political.

Yamaguchi was a member of a radical group. In 1960, he killed Inejiro Asanuma, a Socialist, when he was at a public meeting. Soon after, Yamaguchi killed himself in a juvenile center. He wrote on the wall of the room in which he hung himself. His last words were written using a paste made from tooth powder and water. He wrote "Seven lives for my country ..." which was a reference to the last words of 14th century samurai Kusunoki Masashige.

### Legacy

Yasushi Nagao captured the assassination in a dramatic photograph.  The image won the 1960 World Press Photo award.

Nobel Prize-winning writer Kenzaburō Ōe based his book _Seventeen_ on Yamaguchi.

## Related pages

- John Wilkes Booth
- Gavrilo Princip
- Lee Harvey Oswald
- Osama bin Laden
- Kim Gu

## Other websites

- 1960 World Press Photo by Yasushi Nagao
Hercules (1958 movie)

***Hercules*** is a 1958 movie. It is based on the Ancient Greek tales of Hercules, Jason, the Argonauts, and the Golden Fleece. Steve Reeves stars as Hercules. A massive "saturation" promotional campaign was launched in the United States for the movie.

## History

It opened in 175 theatres alone in the New York City area. _Hercules_ became a big hit as a result, and Steve Reeves became a big star. _Hercules_ paved the way for dozens of flicks starring oily bodybuilders as mythological heroes battling monsters, despots, and evil queens.  The movie had a sequel called _Hercules Unchained_. It also starred Reeves.

## Other websites

- _New York Times_ Tribute to Steve Reeves
Sword-and-sandal

**Sword and sandal movie** is a movie  genre. They have an ancient Greek, Roman, or Biblical setting. Sometimes called "peplum" movies from the garment worn by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

The central character in these movies is usually a muscular hero like Hercules or Samson. He wears a short peplum and battles monsters, evil despots, and  kings or queens. This oil-slicked, nearly-nude hero is rewarded at the end of the movie with the cheers of his people, clan, or tribe  and the hand of a lovely princess.

These movies were mostly made in Italy and some in Spain. Italian moviemakers modelled peplum movies on the big budget Hollywood epics like Charlton Heston's _Ben-Hur_ (1959) or Kirk Douglas' _Spartacus_ (1960). The genre was very important in Italian moviemaking from 1957 to 1965, but was shoved aside in 1965 by the "Spaghetti Western".

Critics often thought peplum movies were poor stuff. They treated them with contempt. Italian director Vittorio Cottafavi called the genre "Neo-Mythology". Elizabeth Taylor's _Cleopatra_ (1963) and Sophia Loren's _The Fall of the Roman Empire_ (1964) are generally considered big-budget sword and sandal movies that mark the end of the genre.
Muscular Christianity

**Muscular Christianity** is a movement which started during the Victorian era. It stressed the need for active Christian activism and belief of vigorous masculinity. It is most associated with the English writers Charles Kingsley and Thomas Hughes, and in Canada with Ralph Connor. Kingsley and Hughes promoted physical strength and health (at least for men) as well as an active pursuit of Christian ideals in personal life and politics.

Muscular Christianity has continued itself through organisations that combine physical and Christian spiritual development. It is influential within both Catholicism and Protestantism.

## Other websites

- _The Manly Christ: a New View_. Robert Warren Conant. 1904.
- _The Masculine Power of Christ; or, Christ Measured as a Man_. Jason Noble Pierce. 1912.
Sean Stone

**Sean Ali Stone** (born 1984) is an American movie director, producer, cinematographer, screenwriter and actor. He is the elder son of Oliver Stone.

## Filmography

- As actor
- _Salvador_ (1986) as Boyle's Baby
- _Wall Street_ (1987) as Rudy Gekko
- _Born on the Fourth of July_ (1989) as Young Jimmy Kovic
- _JFK_ (1991) as Jasper Garrison
- _The Doors_ (1991) as Young Jim Morrison
- _Heaven & Earth (1993)
- _Natural Born Killers_ (1994) as Kevin
- _Nixon_ (1995)_ (1997) as Donald Nixon
- _U Turn_ (1997)
- _Any Given Sunday_ (1999)
- _Fighting Against Time: Oliver Stone's Alexander_ (2005) himself as narrator
- _Resurrecting Alexander_ (2005) himself as narrator
- _Perfect Is the Enemy of Good_ (2005) himself as narrator
- _W._ (2008)
- _Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps_ (2010)
- _Nevo_ (2011) as Stephan
- _Graystone_ (2011) as Sean
- _American Road_ (2011) as Jack Kerouac
- _Don't Pass Me By_ (2012) as Josh Malek

- As director, producer, cinematographer, screenwriter
- _Fighting Against Time: Oliver Stone's Alexander_ (2005) (as qriter, producer, director, cinematographer)
- _The Death of Alexander_ (2005) (as producer, director, cinematographer)
- _Resurrecting Alexander_ (2005) (as producer, director, cinematographer)
- _Perfect Is the Enemy of Good_ (2005) (as producer, director, cinematographer)
- _Nuremberg: A Vision Restored_ (2007) (as producer, director, cinematographer)
- _Singularity_ (2008) (as writer, producer, director)
- _Graystone_ (2011) (as writer, director)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sean Ali Stone
- **image**: Sean Christopher Stone(5).jpg
- **caption**: Sean Stone in 2012
- **birth place**: New York City, United States
- **birthname**: Sean Christopher Stone
- **othername**: Sean Stone
Sean C. Stone
- **yearsactive**: 1986-present
- **occupation**: Actor, movie producer, producer, Movie director, director, cinematographer, screenwriter
- **parents**: Oliver Stone
Elizabeth Burkit (née Cox)
Oswald (TV series)

***Oswald*** is a children's television series produced by Decode Entertainment and HIT Entertainment. The show aired on Noggin in the United States on August 20, 2001. In the United Kingdom, the series escort a British dub using an American voice actors by Skylark Sound Studios using a British with a British accents by The Sound Company Ltd. on Channel 5 and Milkshake! in 2003. Only the episodes were dubbed.

The show was added to Paramount+ (at the time CBS All Access) in January 2021.

## Plot

The show is set in Big City, a colorful world populated by anthropomorphic animals, mythological creatures and humanoid beings. Each episode follows the daily experiences of an anthropomorphic blue octopus named Oswald, accompanied by his pet hot dog Weenie, and their life in the cheerful and whimsically-designed community of Big City. The show concentrates on Oswald's friends - Henry, a penguin, and Daisy, a flower, among others – and his patient methods of coping with or tolerating different situations and dilemmas, along with his thoroughly optimistic outlook on life.

## Broadcast

- The American show originally aired on Nick Jr. and Noggin in the United States in 2001.

## Partial U.K. English redub

- There is a U.K. English style redub which used in the U.S. English voice cast by Skylark Sound Studios using in the U.K. English with the U.K. English accents by The Sound Company Ltd. when voicing the characters.

## Reception

The series received four out of five stars on Common Sense Media.

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 22―24 minutes
- **creator**: Dan Yaccarino
- **developer**: Lisa Eve Hubman
 Dan Yaccarino
- **director**: Fredrick Stroppell
- **executive producer**: Dan Yaccarino
Neil Court
Steven DeNure
- **starring**: Fred Savage
Debi Derryberry
David Lander
Crystal Scales
Laraine Newman
Daran Norris
J. Grant Albrecht
Mel Winkler
Dan Yaccarino
- **country**: United States
- **language**: American English
- **network**: Nickelodeon
 Noggin
 Nick Jr. Channel
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 26 (52 segments)
- **company**: Decode Entertainment
HIT Entertainment
Oswald

**Oswald** may refer to:

- _Oswald_ (TV series), a television series from Nick Jr., or the title character of the show
- Oswald (given name), a  given name
- Oswald von Wolkenstein
- Lee Harvey Oswald
- Pelswick Oswald the Third
- Oswald of Northumbria
- Clara Oswald, a character from the British series _Doctor Who_
Jason and the Argonauts (1963 movie)

***Jason and the Argonauts*** is a 1963 movie. It stars Todd Armstrong as Jason. The movie is about the quest for the Golden Fleece. It was directed by Don Chaffey. The special effects were the creation of stop-motion animation expert Ray Harryhausen. The movie is famous for its monsters and the battle with the skeletons.  _Hercules_ is another movie on the Golden Fleece theme that was made about the same time. It stars legendary bodybuilder Steve Reeves.
Ulysses (1954 movie)

***Ulysses*** is a 1954 3-D Italian adventure movie. It is based on Homer's poem _The Odyssey_, and tells of Odysseus's attempts to return home to Ithaca after the Trojan War. Silvana Mangano plays two roles, as Penelope, the faithful wife of Ulysses and the sorceress, Circe. Kirk Douglas stars the Greek hero, Ulysses. Anthony Quinn plays Antinous.
Childhood

**Childhood** is the period between birth and puberty.  Childhood ends when a human being begins puberty. The state or period of being a child is called childhood.  In many places, childhood ends at puberty, or legally at a fixed age of majority.  The child becomes an adult, sometimes with a rite of passage.  Another word for teenagers and adolescents is "youth".
Engen

**Engen** (延元) was a  of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after _Kemmu_ and before _Kōkoku_.  This period started in February 1336 and ended in April 1340.  The monarchs during this time were  and .  The Northern Court pretender in Kyoto was .

## Events of the _Engen_ era

- **17 May 1336** (_Engen 1, 6th day of the 4th month_): Former-Emperor Go-Fushimi died.
- **19 September 1339** (_Engen 4, 16th day of the 8th month_): Emperor Go-Daigo died.
- **1340** (_Engen 5_): Sightings of a "broom star" (comet) are recorded.

## Northern Court _nengō_

- Kemmu, 1329-1338
- Ryakuō, 1338-1342

## Related pages

- Muromachi period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

|Engen|1st|2nd|3rd|4th|5th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1336|1337|1338|1339|1340|
Kōkoku

**Kōkoku** (興国) was a  of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after _Engen_ and before _Shōhei_.  This period started in April 1340 and ended in December 1346.  The monarch during this time were was .  The Northern Court pretender in Kyoto was .

## Events of the _Kōkoku_ era

- **1342** (_Kōkoku 3_):  was removed from his position as _daijō daijin._
- **1344** (_Kōkoku 5_): Shogun Ashikaga Takauji offered prayers at Iwashimizu Hachiman-gū.

## Northern Court _nengō_

- Ryakuō, 1338-1342
- Kōei, 1342–1345
- Jōwa, 1345–1350

## Related pages

- Muromachi period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

|Kōkoku|1st|2nd|3rd|4th|5th|6th|7th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1340|1341|1342|1343|1344|1345|1346|
Anglo-Saxon runes

The **Anglo-Saxon runes** are runes. They were used from the 5th to the 8th century. They extend Elder Futhark from 24 to between 26 and 33 characters. Like the Elder Futhark, it is named after the first few letters in the series: These transliterate to **Futhorc** in modern English. The script was used to record Old English and Old Frisian. Inscriptions using Futhorc are rare after the 9th century. They completely disappear after the Norman conquest  (1066).

## Infobox (writing system)

- **name**: Futhorc
- **sample**: Franks Casket vorne links.jpg
- **caption**: Franks Casket contains a riddle in Futhorc
- **type**: Alphabet
- **languages**: Old English and Old Frisian
- **time**: 5th through 11th centuries
- **fam1**: Phoenician alphabet
- **fam2**: Greek alphabet (Cumae alphabet, Cumae variant)
- **fam3**: Old Italic alphabet?
- **fam4**: Elder Futhark
- **sisters**: Younger Futhark
Shōhei

- _For the Japanese era from 931 through 938, see Jōhei._

was a Japanese era name (年号, _nengō_, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after Kōkoku and before Kentoku.  This period started in December 1346 and ended in July 1370.

The monarchs during this time were  and .  The Northern Court pretenders in Kyoto were ,  and .

## Events of the _Shōhei_ era

- **2 December 1348** (_Shōhei 3, 11th day of the 11th month_): Former-Emperor Hanazono died.
- **1349** (_Shōhei 4_): Go-Murakami fled to A'no.
- **1350** (_Kannō 5_): Yoshinori guarded Kyoto.
- **1350**–**1352** (_Shōhei 5–7_): Armed conflict, variously known as the  or _Kannō no Juran_.
- **1352** (_Shōhei 7_): Emperor Go-Murakami captured former-emperors Kōgon, Kōmyō and Sukō; and they were permitted to return to Kyoto in 1357 (_Shōhei 12_).
- **1354** (_Shōhei 9_): Kitabatake Chikafusa dies.
- **1358** (_Shōhei 13_): Death of Ashikaga Takauji; Ashikaga Yoshiakira was appointed as the new shogun.
- **1361** (_Shōhei 16_): Snowfall was unusually heavy; and there was also a disastrous fire in Kyoto as well as a violent earthquake.
- **1368** (_Shōhei 23_): Ashikaga Yoshimitsu became the third shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
- **29 March 1368** (_Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month_): Go-Murakami died; and his oldest son received the succession.

## Northern Court _nengō_

- Jōwa, 1345–1350
- Kannō, 1350–1352
- Bunna, 1352–1356
- Enbun, 1356–1361
- Kōan, 1361–1362
- Jōji, 1362–1368
- Ōan, 1368–1375

## Related pages

- Muromachi period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

|Shōhei|1st|2nd|3rd|4th|5th|6th|7th|8th|9th|10th|11th|12th|13th|14th|15th|16th|17th|18th|19th|20th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1346|1347|1348|1349|1350|1351|1352|1353|1354|1355|1356|1357|1358|1359|1360|1361|1362|1363|1364|1365|
|Shōhei|11st|12nd|13rd|14th|15th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1366|1367|1368|1369|1370|
Hercules vs. the Moon Men

***Hercules Against the Moon Men*** is a 1964 Italian/French movie. It was directed by Giacomo Gentilomo. It stars Alan Steel (real name Sergio Ciani). The movie blends (mixes) elements from Roman, Greek, Cretan and Egyptian mythologies. In the original Italian language version, the hero was not Hercules. The hero was Maciste. Maciste was a hero in Italian silent movies. Its original Italian title was _Maciste e la regina di Samar_ (_Maciste and the Queen of Samar_). Its French title was _Maciste contre les hommes de pierre_ (_Maciste Against the Men of Stone_). The English distributors dubbed the hero Hercules, because Maciste was not well known to American audiences.

## Story

A race of evil moon men land on Earth. For years, they have terrorized the city of Samar. They have made the people of Samar give them children to be sacrifices. Now, the queen of Samar has made an pact with the moon men to take control of the world. She wants to become the most powerful woman alive. The people of Samar do not like all the chaos. They cheer when the mighty Hercules shows up to end it all.
Kentoku

**Kentoku** (建徳) was a Japanese era name (年号, _nengō_, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after _Shōhei_ and before _Bunchū_.  The period started in July 1370 and ended in April 1372. The Southern Court monarch in Yoshino during this time was .  The Northern Court pretender in Kyoto was .

## Events of the _Kentoku_ era

- **1370** (_Kentoku 1_): Imagawa Sadayo sent to subdue Kyūshū.

## Northern Court _nengō_

- Ōan, 1368–1375

## Related pages

- Muromachi period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

|Keichō|1st|2nd|3rd|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1370|1371|1372|
Bunchū

**Bunchū** (文中) was a Japanese era name (年号, _nengō_, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period after _Kentoku_ and before _Tenju_.  This period started in October 1372 and ended in May 1375.  The Southern Court monarch in Yoshino during this time was .  The Northern Court pretender in Kyoto was .

## Events of the _Bunchū_ era

- **1373–1406** (_Bunchū 2_–_Ōei 13_): Embassies between China and Japan.
- **1374** (_Bunchū 3_): En'yū became the head of the Northern Court.

## Northern Court _nengō_

- Ōan, 1368–1375

## Related pages

- Muromachi period

## Other websites

- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

|Bunchū|1st|2nd|3rd|4th|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||1372|1373|1374|1375|