juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
ISO 8601

**ISO 8601** is an international standard to describe dates and times in the easiest way possible for computers to understand.

This standard is based on putting the biggest types of numbers first and the smallest types of numbers last. Because years are bigger than months, and months are bigger than days, they are put in the order of YEAR-MONTH-DAY.

A basic ISO date for today looks like --.

The basic ISO time is :.

Another very important principle is that when a computer or human puts ISO 8601 dates into alphabetical order, they are also in chronological order.

People can also use these dates, but it is currently not common for people in any country to write dates using this standard in their day-to-day lives, though many Asian countries follow YEAR-MONTH-DAY order, but the most formal date format would be DAY/MONTH/YEAR with all numbers 2 digits and slashes.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **title**: Date and time according to ISO 8601 <small>[]</small>
- **label1**: Date
- **label2**: Date and time in UTC
- **data2**:

- **label3**: Week
- **label4**: Date with week number
- **label5**: Date without year
- **label6**: Ordinal date
- **data6**: -
Geoff Capes

**Geoff Capes** (23 August 1949 – 23 October 2024) was an English shotput champion, two times world's strongest man and a champion budgerigar breeder (now president of the British Budgerigar Breeding Association.

He was born in 1949 in Holbeach, Lincolnshire. He is 6 foot 6 inches tall, which is unusually tall. He weighed 139 kg or 306 stone.

He used to be a policeman but retired when he became a shotputter in the 1970s. His best throw was in 1980 and was 20.5 metres. This record stood until 2003, over twenty years.

Capes once advertised caravans in South Yorkshire.

Capes died on 23 October 2024 in Stoke Rochford, Lincolnshire at the age of 75.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **image**: Geoff Capes 1980s.JPG
- **country**: Great Britain and England
- **birth name**: Geoffrey Lewis Capes
- **birth place**: Holbeach, Lincolnshire, England
- **death place**: Stoke Rochford, Lincolnshire, England
- **weight**: 170 kg
- **years active**: 1970–1989
Golden eagle

The **golden eagle** (_Aquila chrysaetos_) is one of the best-known birds of prey in the northern hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle. Golden eagles use their agility and speed combined with powerful feet and massive, sharp talons to snatch up prey. They eat hares, rabbits, marmots and other ground squirrels.

Once common across the Holarctic, it has gone from many areas heavily populated by humans. The species is still widespread. It lives in Eurasia, North America, and parts of North Africa.

Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It is one of the largest birds of prey in North America; only the  California condor gets larger. Golden eagles also live in the Scottish Highlands.

## Related pages

- Bald eagle
- Eagle
- Northern goshawk
Nodicia de Kesos

The **Nodicia de Kesos** (_Document of Kesos_) is the first text written in Spanish.

## Origins

The document was made between 959 and 974, and shows the evolution of the language from Latin to a romance language.

## The document

The document was made in Ardón, Kingdom of León, actually a municipality in the province of León, Spain. It is a report about some cheeses written for a monastery. It is now kept in the León Cathedral.

"Nodicia de /kesos que /espisit frater /Semeno: jn labore /de fratres jn ilo ba- /celare /de cirka Sancte Ius- /te, kesos U; jn ilo /alio de apate, /II kesos; en [que] /puseron ogano, /kesos IIII; jn ilo /de Kastrelo, I; /jn ila vinia majore, /II;

(2ª columna)/que lebaron en fosado, /II, ad ila tore; /que baron a Cegia, /II, quando la talia- /ron ila mesa; II que /lebaron Lejione; II /..s...en /u...re... /...que... /...c... /...e...u /...alio (?) /... /g... Uane Ece; alio ke le /ba de sopbrino de Gomi /de do...a...; IIII que espi- /seron quando llo rege /uenit ad Rocola; /I qua salbatore ibi /uenit."

## Related pages

- Kingdom of León
Malena Ernman

**Malena Ernman** (born as **Sara Magdalena Ernman**, 4 November  1970) is a Swedish opera singer (mezzo-soprano). Ernman has performed chansons, cabaret, jazz and appeared in musicals.

## Career

Malena Ernman is today one of Sweden's most popular opera singers and a member of The Royal Swedish Academy of Music. Ernman won Melodifestivalen in 2009 and represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 in Moscow, Russia.

## Family

Ernman is married to actor Svante Thunberg. They have two children including environmentalist Greta Thunberg. Ernman's father-in-law is actor Olof Thunberg.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Malena Ernman
- **img**: Malena Ernman.jpg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **origin**: Uppsala Municipality,
Uppsala County, Sweden
- **genre**: Opera, Jazz, Pop-Opera, Chanson, Cabaret
- **occupation**: Singing, Singer
- **years active**: 1998-
- **label**: Roxy Recordings Stockholm
Tönisvorst

**Tönisvorst** is a town in the district of Viersen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **name**: Tönisvorst
- **image photo**: Toenisvorst HausNeersdonk.jpg
- **image caption**: Castle
- **image coa**: Wappen der Stadt Tönisvorst.svg
- **image flag**: Banner Toenisvorst.svg
- **image plan**: Tönisvorst in VIE.svg
- **state**: Nordrhein-Westfalen
- **region**: Düsseldorf
- **district**: Viersen
- **elevation**: 36
- **area**: 44.33
- **population**: 30127
- **stand**: 2009-06-30
- **postal code**: 47918
- **area code**: 0 21 51 (St. Tönis)
0 21 56 (Vorst)
- **licence**: VIE
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 05 1 66 028
- **divisions**: 2
- **mayor**: Thomas Goßen
- **party**: CDU
Chinese Orthodox Church

The **Chinese Orthodox Church** is a church in China, which, before the Chinese Revolution in 1949 was estimated to have as 30,000 members. It was given independence from the French Orthodox Church in the mid 1930s. The church today has about 92,000 members.

## Infobox (christian denomination)

- **image**: File:哈尔滨圣母守护教堂.jpg
- **caption**: Church of the Intercession, Harbin
- **leader title3**: Bishops
- **leader name3**: 0
- **division type**: Parishes
- **division**: 13
- **members**: 15000
Manager (baseball)

A **manager** is the head coach of a baseball team.  His job is to tell the players on the team what to do and make decisions about how the team should play, like who will play in what position.
In the past, managers were usually players. Since they were players, these managers wore the same uniform as the rest of the team. Managers who were not players, such as Connie Mack, would not be dressed in uniform. Today, managers dress in the same uniform as the team, even though most managers today are not players. Managers in Major League Baseball and for many other teams as well are usually former players themselves. Their playing experience may give them more knowledge on the game that they can use to help their team.
Polychoron

|colspan=3|Graphs of six convex regular 4-polytope.|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|4-simplex (5-cell)|4-orthoplex (16-cell)|4-cube (Tesseract)||||
|valign=top|24-cell|valign=top|120-cell|valign=top|600-cell|

In geometry, a **polychoron** (plural: **polychora**) is a figure in four dimensions. The word comes from Greek _poly_, which means _many_ and _choros_ which means _room_, or _space_. Sometimes the figure is called **4-polytope** or **polyhedroid**. The analogue figure in two dimensions is a polygon, and the one in three dimensions is a polyhedron.

## Other websites

- Four dimensional figures page
- Jonathan Bowers: Uniform polychora
Flame nebula

The **Flame Nebula**, also known as **NGC 2024**, is a nebula in the constellation Orion. It has no well defined edge. It is about 900 to 1,500 light-years away.

The nebula is part of the Orion complex. This is a star-making area that also has the famous Horsehead Nebula in it. The bright star Alnitak (ζ Ori), the most eastern star in the Belt of Orion, shines a glow of electrons into the Flame nebula.

## Other websites

- NGC 2024 at Astrophotography
Ardón

**Ardón** is a municipality in the province of Llión (Spain).

The Nodicia de Kesos, first document in Leonese language, was found in this place.

## Related pages

- Leonese language
Polytope

A **polytope** is figure in geometry. It is a geometric object with flat sides, in any number of dimensions. A polygon is a polytope in two dimensions, a polyhedron in three dimensions, and so on. Sometimes the number of dimensions is shown as a number, as in a polyhedron being a 3-polytope or a tesseract a convex regular 4-polytope.

## Related pages

- Regular polytope
Mir Jafar

**Syed Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur** ( – 5 February 1765) often known as **Mir Jafar**, his full, formal name **Shuja ul-Mulk, Hashim ud-Daula, Nawab Ja'afar 'Ali Khan Bahadur, Mahabat Jang** was a Bengali Shia Muslim remembered for the agreement he made with the British when he was Nawab of Bengal. This agreement meant that the Army of Bengal surrendered to the British army and were killed at the Battle of Plassey. This was the start of the British rule in Bengal.

He is remembered by the people of Bengal and Pakistan. The word "mirjafar" in Bengali and the phrase "meer jafar" in Urdu now are often used to mean traitor.

Mir Jafar was an influential figure in the history of Bengal during the 18th century. He was born in the early 1690s and hailed from a noble family. Mir Jafar initially served as a commander in the army of Nawab Alivardi Khan, the ruler of Bengal. However, in 1757, during the Battle of Plassey, he betrayed the Nawab and colluded with the British East India Company. This treacherous act resulted in the British victory over the Nawab's forces, marking a significant turning point in the colonization of India by the British. In return for his betrayal, Mir Jafar was installed as the puppet Nawab of Bengal by the British. His reign as Nawab was marred by corruption and subservience to the British, which led to discontent among the people. Mir Jafar's name became synonymous with betrayal, and he is almost exclusively remembered as a traitor in South Asian history.
Convex set

In Euclidean space, a region is a **convex set** if the following is true. For any two points inside the region, a straight line segment can be drawn. If every point on that segment is inside the region, then the region is convex.

The point is that a convex curve forms the boundary of a convex set. So, any shape which is concave, or has a hollow, cannot be a convex set.

## Related pages

- Convex function
Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad

**Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad** (also spelled **Khandakar Mushtaq Ahmed**;  – 5 March 1996) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was the President of Bangladesh from 15 August to 6 November 1975, after the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
Shah Azizur Rahman

**Shah Azizur Rahman** (; 23 November 1925 – 1 September 1989) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. However, he was the subject of considerable controversy for his collaboration with the Pakistan Army against the struggle to establish Bangladesh.

He was Prime Minister under President Zia. He was a veteran parliamentarian. He was famous for his razor sharp tongue. He was fluent in several languages.
Mutualism (biology)

**Mutualism** is a relationship between two organisms in which both benefit. It is a type of symbiosis which improves the biological fitness of both parties. The two organisms usually come from widely different types, often from different phyla or even kingdoms. The term is not used for any cooperation between animals of the same species.

Edouard van Beneden (18091894) introduced the term into evolutionary biology and ecology in the 1870s.

Examples:
- Mycorrhiza: relationship between roots of plants and fungi.
- Rhizobia: relationship between roots of plants and bacteria which promotes nitrogen fixation.
- Many relationships between insects and flowering plants, where the insect gets food, and the plant gets transfer of pollen.
- Gut flora: many relationships between gut bacteria and herbivores. The bacteria digest cellulose, and get a regular supply of nutrients. Almost no animal can digest cellulose by itself.
- Lichen: an extremely close relationship between algae and fungi. Probably a mutualistic relationship, but less clearly.
- Figs: each fig tree species is pollinated by its own wasp species.
- Cleaner fish: small fish which pick parasites and dead matter from the mouth and body of much larger fish. The larger fish responds to the 'dance' of the cleaner by going passive.
Regular polytope

In mathematics, a **regular polytope** is a shape with sides and vertices that are symmetrical. Like other polytopes, regular polytopes are found in any number of dimensions.

A two-dimensional regular polytope is a regular polygon, and a three-dimensional regular polytope is a **regular polyhedron**. Even though these groups include different shapes, they are based on the same idea of the shapes having regular symmetry. Regular polytopes have regular facets (faces, as seen from the 3D viewpoint), and their vertex figures are regular.

Each number of dimensions has a different set of regular polytopes. However, all of them have a simple shape. The simplest of regular polytopes is the triangle in 2D, the tetrahedron in 3D, and the pentachoron in 4D.
Moudud Ahmed

**Moudud Ahmed** (May 24, 1940 – March 16, 2021) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad between 1979 until 1982, 1986 until 1996 and 2001 until 2006.

Ahmed was the Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 1988 to 1989 as part of General Ershad's Jatiyo's party. He was also the Minister of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs as part of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) of Begum Khaleda Zia's term between 2001 and 2006. In 2010 he became one of the leaders of the BNP.

From 1989 until 1990, Ahmed was Vice President of Bangladesh during the final year of Hussain Muhammad Ershad presidency.

Ahmed was hospitalized for lung congestion and kidney problems in Singapore on February 1, 2021. He died a month later on March 16, at the age of 80.
Ziaur Rahman

**Ziaur Rahman** ( Ziaur Rôhman; 19 January 1936 – 30 May 1981) was a Bangladeshi war hero, politician and statesman. He was the President of Bangladesh from 1976 until 1981 and founded the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), one of the two largest political parties in the country. His widow, Begum Khaleda Zia, has been Prime Minister of Bangladesh three times.
Vertex figure

In geometry, a **vertex figure** is the figure that results when the area around a vertex (corner) of a polyhedron or other kind of polytope is sliced off. The vertex figure of a polytope looks like a shape from the previous dimension. For example, the vertex figure of a cube is a triangle.

The shape of a vertex figure on a polyhedron comes from how many of its faces are connected at one vertex. For example, the octahedron has a vertex figure shaped like a square (a four-sided shape) because its vertices each have four triangles connecting together.

Besides its number of sides, the exact shape of a vertex figure is different if the faces are meet in a different way. For example, each vertex of a cuboctahedron has four faces meeting: two triangles and two squares. The polygon faces’ different numbers of sides means that the vertex figure, a rectangle, has two different lengths for its sides.

When the vertex figures of one polyhedron have exactly the same shape as the faces of another polyhedron, and the other polyhedron’s vertex figures match the faces of the first polyhedron, the two polyhedra are dual to each other.
Khaleda Zia

**Begum Khaleda Zia** (; (15 August 1946 – 30 December 2025) was Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 1991 to 1996, and also from 2001 to 2006. She was the first woman Prime Minister in Bangladesh. Zia is the widow of assassinated President of Bangladesh Ziaur Rehman. She lead the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) from 1984 until her death in 2025. She was the first female prime minister of Bangladesh and the second female prime minister in the Muslim world after Benazir Bhutto.

On 23 November 2025, Zia was hospitalised in "very critical" condition and was taken to a hospital in Dhaka. On 30 December 2025, Zia died from a long-illness.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Khaleda Zia
- **native name**: খালেদা জিয়া
- **native name lang**: bn
- **image**: Begum Zia Book-opening Ceremony, 1 Mar, 2010.jpg
- **caption**: Khaleda in 2010
- **office**: 10th Prime Minister of Bangladesh
- **term start**: 10 October 2001
- **term end**: 29 October 2006
- **predecessor**: Latifur Rahman
- **successor**: Iajuddin Ahmed
- **term start1**: 20 March 1991
- **term end1**: 30 March 1996
- **predecessor1**: Kazi Zafar Ahmed
- **successor1**: Muhammad Habibur Rahman
- **office2**: Bangladesh Nationalist Party, Chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party
- **term start2**: 10 May 1984
- **term end2**: 30 December 2025
- **successor2**: Tarique Rahman
- **2blankname2**: General Secretary
- **2namedata2**: A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury (1984–1990)
Abdus Salam Talukder (1990–1996)
Abdul Mannan Bhuiyan (1996–2007)
Khandaker Delwar Hossain (2007–2011)
Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir (2011–2025)
- **predecessor2**: Abdus Sattar (president), Abdus Sattar
- **office3**: Leader of the Opposition (Bangladesh), Leader of the Opposition
- **term start3**: 29 December 2008
- **term end3**: 9 January 2014
- **predecessor3**: Sheikh Hasina
- **successor3**: Rowshan Ershad
- **term start4**: 23 June 1996
- **term end4**: 15 July 2001
- **predecessor4**: Sheikh Hasina
- **successor4**: Sheikh Hasina
- **birth name**: Khaleda Khanam Putul
- **birth place**: Jalpaiguri, Bengal Presidency, British India
- **death place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **party**: Bangladesh Nationalist Party
- **father**: Iskandar Majumder
- **mother**: Taiyaba Majumder
- **office5**: Member of Parliament (Bangladesh), Member of Parliament
- **constituency5**: Feni-1
- **term start5**: 20 March 1991
- **term end5**: 15 July 2001
- **predecessor5**: Zafar Imam
- **successor5**: Sayeed Iskander
- **constituency6**: Feni-1
- **predecessor6**: Sayeed Iskander
- **successor6**: Shirin Akhter
- **term start6**: 29 December 2008
- **term end6**: 9 January 2014
- **constituency7**: Bogra-6
- **predecessor7**: Zafar Imam
- **successor7**: Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar
- **term start7**: 1 October 2001
- **term end7**: 29 October 2006
Bush Hill Park railway station

**Bush Hill Park railway station** is in the London Borough of Enfield in north London. It is in Travelcard Zone 5, on the Enfield Town branch of the Lea Valley Lines. The station, and all trains serving it, is operated by London Overground.

Between Edmonton Green railway station and Enfield Town railway station. _The 1851_ station.

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Bush Hill Park
- **symbol**: LOG
- **image name**: Bush Hill Park stn look south2.JPG
- **railcode**: BHK
- **manager**: London Overground
- **fare zone**: 5
- **locale**: Lower Edmonton/Bush Hill Park
- **borough**: London Borough of Enfield, Enfield
- **platforms**: 2
- **railexits0405**: 0.524
- **railexits0506**: 0.479
- **railexits0607**: 0.723
- **railexits0708**: 0.698
- **railexits0809**: 0.648
- **railexits0910**: 0.581
- **railexits1011**: 0.611
- **railexits1112**: 0.661
American lobster

The **American lobster** (_Homarus americanus_) is a species of lobster are found in the Atlantic Ocean on the east coast of North America.

**American Lobster**

A large bottom-dwelling crustacean; known for its meat, large claws, and reddish coloring that appears after cooking. Typically they occur from Maine to North Carolina with seven Lobster Conservation Management Areas. The resources and fisheries are managed by both the states and NOAA fisheries.

**Appearance**

The American Lobster is a crustacean with a shrimp-like body and ten legs. They also have two unequal claws, one with a large, thick crusher that smashes shells and the other as a sharp cutter that can tear flesh. The lobsters have two pairs of antennae, the longer of which is used for sensing and a shorter pair in addition. Known for their coloring, they are usually a greenish-brown, but have been famous for bright coloring that can sometimes be present due to rare genetic mutations. These mutations can cause them to be bright hues of blue, orange, or even calico. Their size can be very large, reaching up to 44 pounds and they can live a long time, even over 100 years [1].

**Habitat and Distribution**

Their populations are present from Maine to North Carolina within the North Atlantic where they live on rocky seafloors. As climate change is causing waters to rise in temperature, these lobsters are moving deeper due to their preference for cooler waters. The populations are highest in Maine, lowering in abundance moving south [1].

**Behavior**

This species is generally nocturnal, operating in solitary, and very territorial over their habitats. In the day, they hide in rocky dens while at night they come out to hunt. They are able to use chemoreception, which is the use of chemical sense, to find their food, preferring mollusks, crabs, and more. As the water temperature and seasons change, their activity patterns shift as well. Their specialized claws allow them to be opportunistic omnivores eating crabs, mussels, clams, starfish, sea urchins, fish, and other dead organisms [1].

Females choose males in the reproduction system through a “boxing” ritual. This is a courtship and dominance display where the males use their claws and tails to compete for females. It typically involves chasing, grappling, and tail flips in a dance where the male guards a female after she molts. This dance establishes dominance and winners are able to claim territories or access to females [2].

## Other websites

https://www.vcy.org/creation-moments/2024/11/05/the-loving-lobster/

https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Homarus_americanus/
Asian arowana

The ** Asian arowana** (_Scleropages formosus_) is a species of fish that live in slow moving streams and creeks in Southeast Asia and Australia; Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra and Thailand.
Javan hawk-eagle

The **Javan hawk-eagle** (_Nisaetus bartelsi_) is a medium-sized dark brown raptor in the family Accipitridae. The Javan hawk-eagle is the national bird of Indonesia.

The Javan hawk-eagle is believed to be monogamous. The female usually lays one egg in a nest high on top of a forest tree. Their diet consists mainly of birds, lizards, fruit bats and mammals.
Uttarkashi district

**Uttarkashi District** (), also known as **Uttar Kashi District**, is a district of Garhwal division of the Uttarakhand state in northern India.  Its headquarters are at Uttarkashi city.

Uttarkashi District town is high in the Himalaya range. The source of both the Ganges and Yamuna rivers are in the district. These attract thousands of Hindu pilgrims. The town is on the main route to Gangotri, has many Hindu temples, and is thought to be an important Hindu pilgrimage centre.

## Demographics

The 2011 census said that 329,686 people live in Uttarkashi district. This is around the same amount as the nation of Belize.  Because of this, it is 567th in India by the amount of people who live there (out of a total of 640).

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Uttarkashi District
- **native name**: उत्तरकाशी
- **settlement type**: District
- **subdivision name**: India
- **area total km2**: 109.3
- **elevation m**: 12
- **population total**: 329686
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
Simplex

In geometry, a **simplex** (plural: _simplices_ or _simplexes_), sometimes called _n-simplex_ is the _n_-dimensional analogue figure of the triangle. A triangle is a 2-simplex. The 0-simplex is the point, the 1-simplex is the line segment (line connecting two points). The 3-simplex is the tetrahedron, and the 4-simplex is the pentachoron.

A **regular simplex** is a simplex that is also a regular polytope. A regular _n_-simplex may be made from a regular (_n_ -  1)-simplex by connecting a new vertex to all the other vertices. All the edges have the same length.
Pentachoron

In geometry a **Pentachoron** is an object in four-dimensional (4D) space. It is a regular polytope and a 4-simplex. It is also called **hyperpyramid**, **5-cell** or **pentatope**. It has 5 points, 10 edges, 10 faces, and 5 cells. Cells are the four dimensional equivalent of faces. just like how a face is a 2d shape on a 3d shape, a cell is a 3d shape on a 4d one.

Each cell in the pentachoron is a tetrahedron.

Each of the pentachoron's points are connected to every other point in it.

The Dual polytope of the pentachoron is itself.

The biggest 3d view of the pentachoron is a triangular prism.
Bikaner division

**Bikaner Division** is one of the administrative geographical unit, called a division, of the Republic of India in Rajasthan province.
Jodhpur division

**Jodhpur Division** is one of the administrative geographical units, called a division, of the Republic of India.
Hakka

**Hakka** may refer to:

- Hakka people
- Hakka language, a branch of the Chinese language
- Hakka architecture
- Hakka cuisine
- _Hakka_ (genus), a genus of jumping spiders
Hakka language

**Hakka** is a dialect of the Chinese language spoken mainly in southern China by the Hakka people and their descendants now living in East and Southeast Asia and countries around the world.

## Further reading

- _The Hakka Dialect. A Linguistic Study of its Phonology, Syntax and Lexicon_, by Mantaro J. Hashimoto. (Cambridge University Press, 1973).

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Hakka
- **imagecaption**: Hak-kâ-fa/Hak-kâ-va (_Hakka/Kejia_) written in Chinese characters
- **image**: Kejiahua.png
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **nativename**: 客家語/客家语/客家話/客家话
- **states**: China, Thailand, Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan (due to presence of Taiwanese community in Tokyo-Yokohama Metropolitan Area), Singapore, Indonesia, Mauritius, Suriname, South Africa, India, Vietnam and other countries where Hakka Chinese-speaking migrants have settled.
- **region**: in China: Eastern Guangdong province; adjoining regions of Fujian and Jiangxi provinces
- **ethnicity**: Hakka people (Han Chinese)
- **speakers**: 30 million
- **date**: 2007
- **ref**: ne2007
- **familycolor**: Sino-Tibetan
- **fam2**: Sinitic languages, Sinitic
- **fam3**: Chinese language, Chinese
- **nation**: none (bill (proposed law), legislative bills have been proposed for it to be one of the "national languages" in the Republic of China)
- **minority**: one of the statutory languages for public transport announcements in the ROC; government sponsors Hakka-language television station to preserve language
- **script**: hanzi, romanization
- **map**: Idioma hakka.png
- **iso3**: hak
- **glotto**: hakk1236
- **glottorefname**: Hakka Chinese
- **notice**: IPA


## Infobox (chinese)

- **title**: Hakka
- **s**: 客家话
- **t**: 客家話
- **h**: Hak-kâ-fa
IPA :[hak<sub>1</sub>-ka<sub>44</sub>-va<sub>53</sub>]
- **gan**: Khak-ka-ua
- **p**: Kèjiāhuà
- **j**: haak3 gaa1 waa2
- **y**: haak gā wá
- **poj**: Kheh-oē (客話)
Leonese Language Day

**Leonese Language Day** (_Día de la Llingua Llïonesa_) is a celebration of the Leonese language. This celebration was started in the city of Llión, province of Llión, Spain. It was the result of a protocol signed between Leonese Provincial Government and the Cultural Association for Leonese Language El Fueyu. The celebration is run by the Llión City Council.

Some things that happen during the celebration are a display of traditional Leonese music, as well as the display of some works about Leonese language. There are also books about the Leonese language and Leonese films.

## I Leonese Language Day

Leonese Language Day started on June 10, 2006. The celebration was organized by the _Asociación Cultural de la Llingua Llïonesa El Fueyu_ with the help of the Asociación Berciana en Defensa de la Llingua Llïonesa El Toralín, _La Barda_ (Leonese language association from Salamanca) and _Pro Monumenta_. There were traditional Leonese musical actuations and it was presented the book in Leonese language "Cuentos del Sil", and several personalities from the cultural, universitary, politic leonese world with young Leonese language students recited poems in Leonese language. It counted with the support of Leonese Provincial Government

## II Leonese Language Day

This second Leonese Language Day was celebrated on December 16, 2007. The celebration was organized by the Leonese City Council with the help of several associations. At the celebration a documentary called _Asina falamos_ was shown, as well as a play called _Fuei a corteixar a Robles_.

## III Leonese Language Day

The third Leonese Language Day was run by the Leonese City Council, with help of several Leonese associations like puntuLLI. That celebration was  on December 30. There were meetings about the Leonese Language at the celebration.

## IV Leonese Language Day

At the fourth Leonese Language Day there were musicians like Rodrigo Martínez, Banda de Gaitas, and Ciudá de Llión. During the celebration diplomas were given to the people who done Leonese language lessons in School.

## Related pages

- Leonese language
- Asociación Cultural de la Llingua Llïonesa El Fueyu
- Asociación Berciana en Defensa de la Llingua Llïonesa El Toralín
- Cuentos del Sil

## Other websites

- Official new of the signement of the Protocl between the Leonese Provincial Government and Leonese Language Association for developing the Leonese Language Day
- Leonese Language Association
- Leonese Language Association from El Bierzu
- Top Level Domain for Leonese Language
- Asociación de Profesores y Monitores de Llingua Llïonesa
PuntuLLI

The **Asociación PuntuLLI** (dot LLI) is an association that promotes the creation of a Top Level Domain for the Leonese Language and Culture.

Similar campaigns started in Scotland (dot SCO), Wales (dot CYM), Berlin (dot Berlin) or New York (dot New York).

PuntuLLI is recognised by cityTLD as a Top Level Domain official initiative.

## Origins

The campaign for reaching a .lli domain started on January 2007 looking for the support of associations and institutions. Between the organizations that support this requirement to the ICANN there are associations about culture, language, sport or nature.

## Objectives

This association promotes the creation of a .lli domain in Internet, according to the ICANN policy of giving Top Level Domains for the languages and cultures. In this sense, puntuLLI promotes a Leonese language and cultural domain.

## Activities

In 2008 PuntuLLI have collaborated with other initiatives for promoting the Leonese language like an sponsor, specially the Armwrestling World Championship, developed in Llión, the Leonese Country Pipe Bands Championship.
Leonese City Council selected puntuLLI as official developer of the Internet activities in the III Leonese Language Day.

## Supports

There are more than 800 people added and 44 organisations that support the campaign, via web, for reaching a Top Level Domain for Leonese language and culture webs.

## Similar campaigns

Actually there are campaigns for reaching TLDs for languages and cultures in Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Galicia, Basque Country, England, Quebec and Cornwall.

Similar campaigns, requesting a TLD for cities, are developed in Berlin, London, New York and Paris.

## Related pages

- Leonese language
- Kingdom of León
- ICANN
- Top Level Domain

## Sources

- Pardo, Abel "El Llïonés y las Tics". Mikroglottika Year Book 2008. Peter Lang. Frankfurt am Main. 2008. 
- Diario de León: "La Plataforma puntuLLI registra ya 6.000 visitas y más de 400 apoyos". January 31, 2007

## Other websites

- puntuLLI Association in Leonese language, English, Italian, Catalan and many other languages
ICANN

**ICANN** (, eye-can) is the **Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers**. ICANN is a non-profit corporation that was made on September 18, 1998.

## Functions

It oversees Internet-related tasks that used to be done by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority for the U.S. government. ICANN is located in Marina Del Rey, California, United States.

ICANN manages the assignment of domain names and IP addresses. To date, much of its work is about making new generic top-level domains.

## Other websites

- ICANN website

## Infobox (non-profit)

- **non-profit name**: ICANN
- **founded date**: September 18, 1998
- **location**: Marina del Rey, California
- **focus**: Manage the allocation of IP addresses and the Domain Name System (DNS) root
- **homepage**: [https://www.icann.org www.icann.org]
The Lone Gunmen (TV series)

***The Lone Gunmen*** was a short-lived television show based on the show _The X-Files_. It focused on the three geeks that occasionally helped Agents Mulder and Scully. Their names were John Byers, played by Bruce Harwood, Ringo Langly, played by Dean Haglund, and Melvin Frohike, played by Tom Braidwood (who used to work behind the scenes on _The X-Files_ until he was talked into taking the part of Frohike).

The series expanded the line-up to include a character named Jimmy Bond, played by Stephen Snedden, and Yves Adele Harlow, played by Zuleikha Robinson.

It is best known for predicting the events of 9/11 in its first episode.
Travelcard

A **Travelcard** is a  ticket used for most transport in London, including buses and the underground. The ticket is issued by Transport for London and National Rail and can be used on the services of either.

## History

Before Travelcards were used, travellers in Greater London had to pay every time they changed between
London Transport's bus and Underground services. This was a problem as it led to delays while purchasing the next ticket.

One ticket for all transport in London was one of the key promises made in 1981 by the newly-elected Labour Greater London Council, headed by council leader Ken Livingstone. The policy, with the slogan "Just The Ticket", meant that only one ticket was needed for London Transport bus and Underground services. They also reduced the price of transport. The price cut was then ruled illegal, but the one pricing scheme was mostly a success and was extended during the 1980s and 1990s as new transport routes were opened in London.

By 1985, there were two travelcards: the Travelcard itself, which covered only London Buses and the Underground, and the Capitalcard, which covered most bus, Underground and local British Rail (BR) services. The Travelcard replaced the original Capitalcard, while including its greater availability, around 1989.

The original "zonal" system was mainly in Greater London. The zone areas used both letters and numbers for the outermost zones such that bus availability ignored the letter while BR and Underground availability depended also upon the letter(s) - e.g. a Travelcard or Capitalcard valid in zone 3a (but not 3b or 3c) was valid on buses in zones 3a, 3b and 3c but only in zone 3a when used on the railway services.

## Transport modes

A Travelcard entitles the holder to use the following modes of transport within Greater London:

- London Buses, including some services that terminate outside of Greater London
- London Underground
- London Overground
- Docklands Light Railway
- National Rail except for the Heathrow Express
- Tramlink

Travelcards also entitle the holder to a 33% discount on some London River Services.
Top-level domain

A **top-level domain**, or **TLD**, are the letters that follow the final dot of the domain names.

There are several kinds of TLDs:

- **Infrastructure**: One TLD, the .arpa
- **Countries**: Usually they are codes with two letters according to ISO 3166.
- **Sponsored**: They are promoted by collectives, organizations, the US government or territories with its own language and culture.
- **Generic**: They are .com, .net, .org and .info.
- **Generic restricted**: .edu, .gov, .mil

## Related pages

- Country code top-level domain (includes a list)
Enfield Town railway station

**Enfield Town railway station** is the most central of many stations in Enfield, in northeast Greater London. It is the northern endpoint of the Enfield Town branch line from Liverpool Street, one of the Lea Valley Lines. With the other being **Cheshunt and Chingford**. The station, and all trains serving it, is operated by London Overground. The station is in Travelcard Zone 5.

Trains on the Hertford Loop Line pass through Enfield. Enfield Chase railway station is on the west along town centre.  The nearest station on the West Anglia Main Line is at Ponders End, with direct services to Hertford East and Liverpool Street.

## Buses

Buses from the station goes to Turnpike Lane tube station, Edmonton Green Railway Station, Southbury, Tottenham Hale station and Oakwood Underground.

## Related pages

- Enfield Lock railway station
- Enfield Chase railway station

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Enfield Town
- **symbol**: overground
- **image name**: Enfield Town stn building 2015.JPG
- **manager**: London Overground
- **fare zone**: 5
- **locale**: Enfield
- **borough**: London Borough of Enfield
- **platforms**: 3
- **railexits1314**: 1.825
- **railexits1415**: 1.973
- **raillowint1415**: 49
- **railexits1516**: 2.107
- **raillowint1516**: 479
- **railexits1617**: 2.222
- **raillowint1617**: 1,283
- **railcode**: ENF
- **dft category**: C2
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 1849
- **access**: yes
- **gridref**: TQ330965
Edmonton Green railway station

**Edmonton Green railway station** is in the London Borough of Enfield in north east London, and is in Travelcard Zone 4. It is on the Seven Sisters branch of the Lea Valley Lines. It is served by London Overground during off peak and peak times and Abellio Greater Anglia during peak times. It is in the centre of Edmonton, London.

### Services

There are 2tph to Cheshunt and Enfield Town, making 4tph to Liverpool Street station.

#### Interchange

Silver Street railway station is located south of Edmonton Green.

#### Junction

There is a junction north of Edmonton Green station, for trains to Enfield Town and Cheshunt (via Turkey Street station).

### Layout

The station has two platforms, and there are 4tph to Enfield Town Railway Station during peak times.

## History

The station was opened as Edmonton Green on July 22, 1872 and was renamed to Lower Edmonton on July 1, 1883. The station reverted to its original name in 1992 to better reflect the name of the area, from Edmonton to Lower Edmonton that serves. It is located close to Edmonton Green shopping centre. It is near the former site of Lower Edmonton (low level) railway station.

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Edmonton Green
- **image name**: Edmonton Green stn entrance.JPG
- **caption**: Edmonton Green station, July 2008
- **railcode**: EDR
- **manager**: London Overground
- **fare zone**: 4
- **locale**: Edmonton, London, Edmonton
- **borough**: London Borough of Enfield, Enfield
- **platforms**: 2
- **railexits0405**: 1.153
- **railexits0506**: 0.926
- **railexits0607**: 1.888
- **railexits0708**: 2.293
- **railexits0809**: 1.987
- **railexits0910**: 1.814
- **railexits1011**: 1.894
- **railexits1112**: 2.904
Avoirdupois system

The **avoirdupois system** is a system for measuring weight. It is based on a pound of 16 ounces or 7,000 grains (453.59 grams). It is the system used in the United States. It is still used by many people in Canada, United Kingdom, and Ireland.
Paul Blart: Mall Cop

***Paul Blart: Mall Cop*** is a 2009 American comedy movie starring Kevin James, Keir O'Donnell, and Jayma Mays. It was released on January 16, 2009, in the United States by Columbia Pictures.

## Cast

- Kevin James as Paul Blart
- Keir O'Donnell as Veck Sims
- Jayma Mays as Amy
- Raini Rodriguez as Maya Blart
- Shirley Knight as Mrs. Blart
- Stephen Rannazzisi as Stuart
- Peter Gerety as Chief Brooks
- Bobby Cannavale as Commander Kent
- Adam Ferrara as Sergeant Howard
- Adhir Kalyan as Pahud
- Erick Avari as Vijay
- Jamal Mixon as Leon
- Allen Covert as Jerky Security Guy
- Bas Rutten as Drill Instructor
- Jason Ellis as Prancer
- Mike Escamilla as Vixen
- Mike Vallely as Rudolph

## Reception

The movie received negative reviews from critics, but was met with critical acclaim from critics, namely movie-buff Emre Kahraman, who said of the movie "HOW U DO DIS," and "this is the most highly respected Italian film of ALL TIME." _Rotten Tomatoes_ said that 29% of critics gave positive reviews, based on 81 reviews. Another website, Metacritic, gave the movie a 41/100 approval rating, based on 21 reviews from critics.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Paul Blart: Mall Cop
- **caption**: Theatrical Release Poster
- **director**: Steve Carr
- **producer**: Adam Sandler
Kevin James (actor), Kevin James
Barry Bernardi
- **writer**: Kevin James
Nick Bakay
- **starring**: Kevin James
Jayma Mays
Keir O'Donnell
Peter Gerety
Bobby Cannavale
Adam Ferrara
- **music**: Waddy Wachtel
- **cinematography**: Russ T. Alsobrook
- **editing**: Jeff Freeman
- **studio**: Happy Madison Productions, Happy Madison
- **distributor**: Columbia Pictures
- **released**: January 16, 2009 (USA), March 20, 2009 (UK)
- **runtime**: 88 min.
- **country**: Cinema of the United States, United States
- **language**: English
Stitch! The Movie

***Stitch! The Movie*** is a direct-to-video animated spin-off of _Lilo & Stitch_, released on August 26, 2003. Although it follows the original movie, it is often considered more of a pilot for the spinoff series _Lilo & Stitch: The Series_. The movie introduces Jumba's 625 experiments. Without the credits, the movie is only 57 minutes long.

## The story

Stitch, Jumba, and Pleakley are all living with Lilo and Nani. But no one knows that Jumba had secretly deactivated all 625 of his other experiments and brought them with him. The ex-captain Gantu, hired by Jumba's former partner, Dr. Jacques von Hämsterviel, goes to find them and captures Jumba to force him into telling where they are. Now, Lilo and Stitch have to save Stitch's ohana from being used for chaos. Two experiments are activated in this movie: 221, "Sparky", with the ability to cause big electric surges, and 625 who has all the abilities of Stitch but is lazier. At least he makes good sandwiches!

## Production

The movie's original title was going to be _Lilo & Stitch: A New Ohana_. At some time, there was a decision to only have Stitch's name in the names of both the movie and the following series, which was planned to be called _Stitch! The Series_. Eventually, this was changed, making this movie and the series have different names. The _Stitch!_ name, with the exclamation point, was later used as the name of an anime series five years after this movie's release.

## Cast

- Daveigh Chase: Lilo
- Chris Sanders: Stitch
- Paul Winchell: Stitch (roaring)
- Tia Carrere: Nani
- David Ogden Stiers: Dr. Jumba Jookiba
- Kevin McDonald: Agent Pleakley
- Ving Rhames: Cobra Bubbles
- Dee Bradley Baker: David Kawena
- Kevin Michael Richardson: Captain Gantu
- Jeff Bennett: Dr. Jacques von Hämsterviel, a rat-like alien.
- Zoe Caldwell: Grand Councilwoman
- Kunewa Mook: Hula Teacher
- Liliana Mumy: Mertle Edmonds
- Rob Paulsen: Experiment 625/Reuben, gopher-like creature
- Frank Welker: Experiment 221/Sparky/Stitch (growling)

## Related pages

- _Lilo & Stitch_
- _Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch_
- _Leroy & Stitch_

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Stitch! The Movie
- **caption**: Cover art for the _Stitch! The Movie_ DVD
- **writer**: Robert Gannaway
Jess Winfield
- **director**: Tony Craig
Robert Gannaway
- **producer**: Tony Craig
Jess Winfield
Robert Gannaway
- **studio**: Walt Disney Pictures
- **distributor**: Buena Vista Pictures
Walt Disney Home Entertainment
- **released**: August 26, 2003
- **starring**: Daveigh Chase
Chris Sanders (director), Chris Sanders
Tia Carrere
David Ogden Stiers
Kevin McDonald
Kevin Michael Richardson
- **runtime**: 64 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
And Then There Were None

***And Then There Were None*** is a famous mystery book by Agatha Christie. It was first published in 1939. It is sometimes called ***Ten Little Indians*** or ***Ten Little Niggers***. It has none of Agatha's famous detectives, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot, but it still has two detectives: Sir Legge and Inspector Maine. The book is about 10 people who come to an island. One by one, they all get murdered. The characters in the book try to find out who the murderer is. When they all die, Sir Legge and Inspector Maine investigate the murders. The book is still very popular today. It includes 10 main characters: Wargrave, Vera, Lombard, Macarthur, Mr. Rogers, Mrs. Rogers, Marston, Blore, Emily Brent, and Dr. Armstrong.

## Related pages

- The Top 100 Crime Novels of All Time
Dworshak Dam

**Dworshak Dam** is a concrete gravity dam in the western United States, on the North Fork Clearwater River in Clearwater County, Idaho. It originated for the lower Snake River drainage basin where the USACE (United States Army Corps of Engineers) researched it in 1953. They considered that this place in Idaho could be developed for reservoir storage and hydroelectric power generation.  And the government choice for the final site for Dworshak Dam was at a point on the North Fork of the Clearwater 1.9 miles (3.1 km).

It was built beginning in the year 1966. It was finished in 1972. The energy it gives totals 400 megawatts. Dworshak Dam is the 22nd tallest in the world. It is the 3rd tallest in the United States.

## Specifications

Dworshak Dam is a concrete dam. Standing 717 feet (219 m) high from the horizon, 632 feet (193 m) above the riverbed and measurement 3,287 feet (1,002 m) long along its crest. The top of the dam is 44 feet (13 m) wide at an elevation of 1,613 feet (492 m) above sea level. The main body of the structure can accommodate about 6,500,000 cubic yards (5,000,000 m3) water.

## Tourism and economy

Some people consider that one of the major benefits for building the Dworshak Dam was that it would provide recreation and improve the local economy. Each year between 110,000 and 140,000 people travel to Dworshak Dam; they mostly choose to visit during the summer high water months. Leisure activities include boating, water-skiing, camping, fishing, hiking and hunting.

## References

i
Arkansas River

The **Arkansas River** is a river in the United States. It flows southeast and is a tributary of the Mississippi River. It is about  long. It is the sixth longest river in the United States.

The Arkansas begins in the state of Colorado. Then, it flows through the states of Kansas and Oklahoma. It flows into the Mississippi River in Arkansas, which is named for the river. Riverboats go up the Arkansas River as far as Oklahoma.

It has several major tributaries. These are the Canadian River, the Cimarron River, and the Salt Fork Arkansas River.
Angel Falls

**Angel Falls** (; Pemon: _Kerepakupai Merú_ or _Parakupá Vená_) is the tallest waterfall in the world. It fell  but recently dropped to . It drops from a mountain called _Auyantepui_. It is in Venezuela. The drop is so far, that the water turns into mist when it reaches the bottom.

The Pemon name _Kerepakupai Merú_ or _Parakupá Vená_, named by the Pemon indigenous people, means "falls from the deepest place".

Ironically, the more famous name of the falls has nothing to do with the connotation that its water falls from the heavens. The falls are named for Jimmy Angel, who was an American airplane pilot who crashed at the top of the falls in 1937.

## Other websites

- Parques Nacionales y espacios protegidos de Venezuela
- El Salto Ángel en world-waterfalls.com  (en inglés)
- Vista Panorámica del Salto Ángel en viewat.org
Hakka people

**Hakka people** (Hakka language: _Hak-kâ_; Mandarin Chinese: _Kèjiā_) are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people. They live mainly in the provinces of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian in China and speak the Hakka language. The Hakkas have had an important influence on Chinese and overseas Chinese history: in particular, they have been a source of revolutionary, political and military leaders. Hakka people is a group of people that always move from place to place.

## References

- _The secret history of the Hakkas: the Chinese revolution as a Hakka enterprise_ by Mary S. Erbaugh, The China Quarterly, No. 132, December 1992, pp. 937-968.

## Other websites

- Hakka