juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rockfall

A **rockfall** or **rock-fall** is a quantity of rock that has fallen freely from a cliff face. The word is also used for collapse of rock from roof or walls of mine or quarry workings. A rockfall is "a fragment of rock (a block) detached by sliding, toppling, or falling, that falls along a vertical or sub-vertical cliff, proceeds down slope by bouncing and flying along ballistic trajectories or by rolling on talus or debris slopes".

A  rockfall can also be "the natural downward motion of a detached block or series of blocks with a small volume involving free falling, bouncing, rolling, and sliding". The mode of failure differs  from that of a rockslide.

## Mechanisms

Favourable geology and climate are the main causes of rockfall. These factors include intact condition of the rock mass, discontinuities within the rockmass, weathering susceptibility, ground and surface water, freeze-thaw, root-wedging, and external stresses. A tree may be blown by the wind, and this causes a pressure at the root level and this loosens rocks and can trigger a fall. The pieces of rock collect at the bottom creating a _talus_ or _scree_. Rocks falling from the cliff may dislodge other rocks and serve to create another mass wasting process, for example an avalanche.

A cliff that has favorable geology to a rockfall is sometimes called  _incompetent_. One that is not favorable to a rockfall, which is better consolidated, may be said to be _competent_.

In higher altitude mountains, rockfalls may be caused by thawing of rock masses with permafrost. In contrast, lower altitude mountains with warmer climates rockfalls may be caused by weathering being enhanced by non-freezing conditions.

## Mitigation

Rockfall events can be pevented. There are two main modes of prevention:

- With passive mitigation, the rockfall is not preventted, but the effects it has are kept small. The rocks may be caught by nets, rockfall catchment fences, galeries, ditches, embankments etc The rockfall still takes place but an attempt is made to control the outcome.
- With active mitigation, the rockfall is prevened. Some examples of these measures are rock bolting, slope retention systems, shotcrete, etc. Other active measures might be by changing the geographic or climatic characteristics in the initiation zone, e.g. altering slope geometry, dewatering the slope, revegetation

Design guides of passive measures with respect to the block trajectory control have been proposed by several authors.

## Effects on trees

The effect of rockfalls on trees can be seen in several ways. The tree roots may rotate, via the rotational energy of the rockfall. The tree may move via the application of translational energy. And lastly deformation may occur, either elastic or plastic. Dendrochronology can reveal a past impact, with missing tree rings, as the tree rings grow around and close over a gap; the callus tissue can be seen microscopically. A macroscopic section can be used for dating of avalanche and rockfall events.
Polish Memory Law

**Polish Memory Law**, officially called the **Amendment to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance** of 2018 in Poland, is a partly repealed law that would have made it criminal to claim that Poland was responsible for the Holocaust. The terms that made such speech criminal were removed after international protests.
Motor's Too Fast

"**Motor's Too Fast**" is a 1988 song by Australian singer James Reyne and was taken from his debut studio album _James Reyne_. It went to number 6 in Australia and number 26 in New Zealand.

## Track listings

- CD Single/ 7”
1. "Motor's Too Fast" - 3:34
1. "Counting on Me" -

- Vinyl / 12"
- A1	Motor's Too Fast
- A2	Mr. Sandman <small> (Live)</small>
- B1	Heaven On A Stick <small>(Live)</small>
- B2	Counting On Me <small>(Live)</small>

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Motor's Too Fast
- **caption**: CD single cover
- **type**: single
- **artist**: James Reyne
- **album**: **James Reyne (album), James Reyne**
- **a-side**: Motor's Too Fast
- **b-side**: Counting On Me
- **released**: June 1988
- **genre**: Pop rock
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **writer**: James Reyne, Simon Hussey
- **producer**: John Hudson
- **prev title**: Heaven on a Stick
- **prev year**: 1988
- **next title**: Always the Way
- **next year**: 1988
Ciudad BBVA

**Ciudad BBVA** () is a complex of seven buildings that houses the current operational headquarters of the Spanish banking institution Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria. The main building, known as **La Vela**, stands in the center of the complex and is 93 meters tall and has 19 floors.

It is located in the Las Tablas neighborhood of Madrid and is accessible from the A-1 (Autovía del Norte) and the M-40 ring road.

## Overview

It is a complex of eight horizontal buildings of three heights. Each of the horizontal buildings is named after a continent: Oceania, Asia, Antarctica, North America, Europe, Africa, South America and Zealandia.

The streets that separate them are named after the seas and oceans that unite the continents: Pacific, Indian, Mediterranean, Atlantic and Caribbean streets. In the center is a circular plaza of 100 meters in diameter where the main building stands, an irregular elliptical tower called The Sail. It is a building of 93 meters high and 19 floors, with 82 meters in diameter and only 16 meters wide.

In order to achieve the sail shape, a total of 35 different radii of curvature were designed, distributed on the exterior of the 19 floors. The name was chosen among its employees through an ideas competition. The complex consists of a total of 114,000 square meters of office space and its construction cost approximately 620 million euros, although other sources put the final investment at 900 million.

## Design

The complex was designed by the Pritzker Prize-winning Swiss architecture firm **Herzog & De Meuron** and earned LEED Gold certification from the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), one of the world's most demanding sustainable building standards.

In 2014, it received ISO 14001 environmental management certification. A double layer of two glass panes separated by argon gas was used for soundproofing against the exterior.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: BBVA City
- **image**: Edificio_La_Vela.jpg
- **caption**: La Vela building in Ciudad BBVA.
- **building type**: Office
- **architectural style**: Neo-futurism
- **address**: Calle Sauceda, 28
- **location**: Madrid
- **location country**: Spain
- **start date**: 2009
- **completion date**: 2015
- **opened**: 2015
- **cost**: €620 million
- **owner**: BBVA
- **height**: 93 metres (height of **La Vela**)
- **architecture firm**: Herzog & de Meuron
Bernheim petition

The **Bernheim petition** was a petition made by Franz Bernheim, to the League of Nations in 1933. His petition opposed the Nazi anti-Jewish laws. Bernheim (a Jewish resident of Gleiwitz, German Upper Silesia) had been dismissed from his job as a manager at Gleiwitz Deutsches Familien-Kaufhaus in April 1933 due to those Nazi anti-Jewish laws.

## Basis

The petition was made based on the 1922 German–Polish Accord on East Silesia. It included provisions for the protection of minority rights and the set-up of a mixed German-Polish Commission for Upper Silesia.

## Content

The petition dealt with not only Bernheim's dismissal but also racism in Upper Silesia as a whole, quoting the provisions for firing "non-Aryan" public employees, notaries, lawyers, teachers, and medical professionals.

## Aftermath

The petition was accepted by the League. It led to compensations for Bernheim, but also to the cancellation of most racial provisions of the laws in Upper Silesia. However, when article 147 of the accord on East Silesia expired on July 15, 1937, racial provisions in German laws were applied in Upper Silesia as well.
Tau (Disambiguation)

**Tau** (Τ or τ) is the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet.

**Tau** may also refer to:

## Mathematics

- Tau (mathematical constant), a constant equal to  (6.28318...)

## Science and technology

- TAU (spacecraft), a proposal to send a space probe to a thousand units from the Earth
- Tau (particle), also called Tau lepton, an elementary particle
- Tau emerald, a species of dragonfly
- Tau neutrino a particle
- Tau protein, a biochemical protein
- Tau, the standard astronomical abbreviation for Taurus (constellation)

## Other

- Tau Day
Upper Nubia

**Upper Nubia** is the southernmost part of Nubia, upstream on the Nile from Lower Nubia. It is so called because the Nile flows north, so it is further upstream and of higher elevation in relation to Lower Nubia.

The extension of _Upper Nubia_ is rather ill-defined and depends on the researchers’ approach.

## History

Historically speaking _Upper Nubia_ comprises the areas of influence of the Nubian part of New Kingdom of Egypt or the kingdom of Kush or Meroe. Connecting the Mediterranean world with inner Africa, _Upper Nubia_ was crisscrossed by important trade routes and has been the cradle of diverse cultures.

|width="50%"|Civilization|width="25%"|Endurance from|width="25%"|Endurance to|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Kerma culture||||||
|New Kingdom of Egypt||||||
|Kingdom of Kush||||||
|Christian Nubia (Makuria and Alodia)||||||
|Funj Sultanate|C.E.1504|C.E.1821||||
|Egypt Eyalet|C.E.1517|C.E.1914||||
|Sultanate of Egypt|C.E.1914|February 22, C.E.1922||||
|Kingdom of Egypt|February 22, C.E.1922|June 18, C.E.1953||||
|Republic of Egypt|June 18, C.E.1953|February 22, C.E.1958||||
|Republic of the Sudan|January 1, C.E.1956|May 25, C.E.1969||||
|Democratic Republic of Sudan|May 25, C.E.1969|April 6, C.E.1985||||
|Republic of Sudan|April 6, C.E.1985|April 11, C.E.2019||||
|South Sudan|July 9, C.E.2011|present||||
Rolls-Royce Ghost

The **Rolls-Royce Ghost** is a full-sized luxury saloon(sedan) made by British automobile manufacturer, Rolls-Royce. It is the 2nd longest Rolls-Royce sedan, after the Rolls-Royce Phantom VIII. The current price of Rolls-Royce Ghost starts from 380000 to 440000 USD.

## Generations

There are two generations of this sedan.

### 1st generation

Rolls-Royce introduced the 1st generation Rolls-Royce Ghost Series I in 2010. And in 2014, the Ghost Series II has introduced. In 2020, the production of Rolls-Royce Ghost(1st generation) had stopped.

### 2nd generation

In 2020, Rolls-Royce introduced the 2nd generation Rolls-Royce Ghost as 2021 model. In the end of 2024, Rolls-Royce showed the Series II Ghost as a 2025 model.

## Variants

There are three variants of Rolls-Royce Ghost. They're Ghost, Ghost Extended and Black Badge Ghost.

### Ghost

This variant is the original model.

### Ghost Extended

This variant is also called Ghost Extended Wheelbase or Ghost EWB. It is a little bit longer than the original variant.

### Black Badge Ghost

The Rolls-Royce Black Badge Ghost is the same size with the original variant. But, there are some differences between those two variants. For example, some of the things like the Rolls-Royce in Black Badge Ghost are black.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Rolls-Royce Ghost
- **manufacturer**: Rolls-Royce Motor Cars
- **model years**: 2010-present

2010-2020 (1st generation)
                2021-present (2nd generation)
- **class**: 4 door sedan
Opal (disambiguation)

**Opal** is a gemstone.

**Opal** or **OPAL** can also be

- Opal, or Suchata Chuangsri, winner of Miss World 2025

### Canada

- Opal, Alberta
- Opal Hills, Jasper National Park, Alberta
- Opal Cone, a volcano in British Columbia

### United States

- Opal, Missouri, an unincorporated community
- Opal, South Dakota, an unincorporated community
- Opal, Virginia, a census-designated place
- Opal, Wyoming, a town

### Biology and medicine

- Opal (apple), a variety of apple
- Opal (butterfly), common name for the butterfly genus _Chrysoritis_
- Omeprazole or Opal, a drug

- Opal, a stop codon

- Upal, a town in Xinjiang, China
- Opals (disambiguation)
Ukyō Maegawa

**Ukyō Maegawa** (前川 右京, Maegawa Ukyō, born May 18, 2003) is a professional baseball player. He is from Mie, Japan. He plays for the Hanshin Tigers. He is an outfielder and throws left-handed and bats left-handed.
Adin Ross

**Adin David Ross** (born October 11, 2000) is an American online star and streamer. He plays _NBA 2K_ and _Grand Theft Auto V_ and often works with celebrities. He used to stream on Twitch but was banned in 2023. In March 2025, Twitch removed the ban, and he returned to the platform. A few days before his ban, he had signed with the streaming service Kick.

## Awards and nominations

|Year|Ceremony|Category|Work|Result||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2024|The Streamer Awards|Best Streamed Collab|Stream with Donald Trump|||

## Infobox (twitch streamer)

- **embed**: yes
- **channel name**: AdinRoss
- **years active**: 2014–2023
- **followers**: 7.2 million


## Infobox (youtube personality)

- **embed**: yes
- **channel direct url**: AdinRoss
- **channel display name**: Adin Live
- **years active**: 2014–present
- **subscribers**: 4.5 million
- **views**: 1.4 billion
- **silver button**: y
- **silver year**: 2020
- **gold button**: y
- **gold year**: 2021
- **stats update**: June 1, 2025


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Adin Ross
- **image**: Adin Ross 2021 01 (cropped and rotated).png
- **caption**: Ross in 2021
- **birth name**: Adin David Ross
- **birth place**: Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.
- **organization**: Kick (service), Kick
2025 UEFA Super Cup

The **2025 UEFA Super Cup** will be played at the Stadio Friuli in Udine, Italy on the 13th of August 2025. It will be contested by French club Paris Saint-Germain, winners of the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League, and English club Tottenham Hotspur, winners of the 2024–25 UEFA Europa League.
Ali Sajad Hamraz

**Ali Sajad Hamraz** (born January 9, 2000) is a para taekwondo athlete from Afghanistan. He is the captain of the Afghanistan national para taekwondo team. Hamraz has represented his country in several national and international competitions.

He won the bronze medal at the 2021 Asian Para Taekwondo Championships in Lebanon. In 2022, he was ranked as the 8th best para taekwondo athlete in the world. He has also won gold medals in various national tournaments.

## Career highlights

- Gold medal – Afghanistan National Team Trials, 2019
- Gold medal – Kabul Open, 2020
- Best Para Taekwondo Player of Afghanistan, 2020
- Gold medal – Afghanistan Taekwondo League, 2018
- Bronze medal – Asian Para Taekwondo Championships, 2021
- 8th place in world para taekwondo ranking, 2022

## References

- Pajhwok – Interview with Hamrazzada (2025)
- آواپرس – معرفی پنج پارا تکواندوکار برتر
- Azadi Radio – Afghan para taekwondo athletes honored
- Didpress – Afghan para athletes win medals
- Anadolu Agency – Afghanistan ranked 7th in Asia
- BBC Persian – Afghanistan’s performance in para sports
- Bakhtar News – Afghan para athletes travel abroad
- Sputnik – National para team returns
- Pajhwok – Hard work leads to success: Hamrazzada

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Ali Sajad Hamraz
- **nationality**: Afghan
- **sport**: Para Taekwondo
- **team**: Afghanistan national para taekwondo team
- **show-medals**: yes
John Little

**John Little** may refer to:

## Politics

- John Little (congressman) (1837–1900), U.S. Representative from Ohio
- John Sebastian Little (1851–1916), U.S. Representative from Arkansas
- John William Little, Canadian politician
- John Fletcher Little (1843–1914), Irish physician and politician
- John Little (MP) for City of London

## Sports

- John Little (American football) (1947–1997), American football player
- John Little (basketball) (born 1984), American basketball player
- John Little (cricketer) (1927–2004), New Zealand cricketer
- John Little (footballer) (1930–2017), Canadian-born Scottish footballer

## Other people

- John Little (academic) (1928–2024), American academic and operations researcher
- John C. Little (1874–1957), British trade unionist
- John H. Little (born 1941), superintendent of Wentworth Military Academy
- John N. Little, president and co-founder of The MathWorks
- John R. Little (born 1955), dark fiction writer
- John Little (painter) (born 1928), Canadian artist
- John Little (writer) (born 1960), Bruce Lee scholar, bodybuilding/conditioning author, head of the film company JJL Enterprises LLC
- John B. Little (radiobiologist) (1929–2020), American radiobiologist
- John B. Little (mathematician) (born 1956), American mathematician and historian of mathematics

## Commercial

- John Little (department store), a retail chain in Singapore
Out of Our Heads

***Out of Our Heads*** is the fourth studio album by English rock band The Rolling Stones. The album was released on July 30, 1965.
Eupsophus migueli

**Miguel's ground frog**  (_Eupsophus migueli_) is a frog. It lives in Chile.

## Body

This frog is  33.5 to 42.0 mm long from nose to rear end. Not all frogs are exactly the same color. Mostly, the skin of the frog's back is red-brown or pink in color. The sides of the body are white. There is yellow color where the four legs meet the body. The belly is white in color.  There are light gray spots on the back. There are light gray rings near the ends of the legs, like bracelets. The iris if the eye is yellow in color with black lines.

## Home

People find this frog under logs near streams in forests with Nothofagus plants. Sometimes people find them in small pieces of rainforest or on pine tree farms that have many smaller plants growing on them.  Scientists saw this frog between 30 and 650 meters above sea level.

## Young

The adult female frog lays eggs in holes on the sides of hills. The tadpoles are 18.4 - 19.6 mm long with the tail. The tadpoles do not have any color in their bodies or tails.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is in danger of dying out.  People change the places where the frog lives to make towns, places for visitors, and farms, for example pine and eucalyptus tree farms. People also change the forest to make places to raise mink and sheep. Fires and too many visitors to the frog's home can also cause problems.
Spanish Renaissance literature

**Spanish Renaissance literature** developed during the 15th and 16th centuries, influenced by Italy's cultural movements. This period emphasized humanism, focusing on human experiences and the revival of classical Greek and Roman ideas.

## Poetry

Spanish Renaissance poetry was shaped by two main traditions:
- Traditional poetry: Continued medieval forms like short verses and popular songs.
- Italian-influenced poetry: Introduced by poets such as Juan Boscán and Garcilaso de la Vega, this style adopted Italian forms like the sonnet and eleven-syllable lines. Themes included idealized love, nature, and classical mythology.

Two notable poetic schools emerged:
- Salmantine School: Represented by Fray Luis de León, known for concise language and philosophical themes.
- Sevillian School: Led by Fernando de Herrera, characterized by elaborate style and extensive compositions.

## Religious literature

The era also saw significant religious writings:
- Asceticism: Focused on self-discipline and moral improvement.
- Mysticism: Explored personal experiences of divine union.

Key figures include:
- Santa Teresa de Jesús: Wrote about her spiritual journey in works like The Interior Castle.
- San Juan de la Cruz: Known for poems like Dark Night of the Soul, expressing the soul's longing for God.

## Prose

Prose literature expanded with works such as:
- _La Celestina_ by Fernando de Rojas: A blend of drama and narrative, depicting complex characters and social critique.
- _Lazarillo de Tormes_: An anonymous novel introducing the picaresque genre, portraying a young man's adventures and societal observations.

## Theater

Theater evolved from religious plays to more secular themes. Early works included moral and allegorical plays, setting the stage for the flourishing of Spanish drama in the Golden Age.

This period laid the foundation for Spain's literary achievements, blending traditional forms with new humanist ideas.
Gigglebiz

***Gigglebiz*** is a British sketch comedy children's television series. It was broadcasted on CBeebies since September 7, 2009.
El Salto del Hanabanilla

**El Salto del Hanabanilla**, also called **Hanabanilla**, is a Cuban village. The village is in the municipality of Manicaragua, Villa Clara Province. The town has 137 homes. There are 436 people in this town. El Salto del Hanabanilla is also a famous mountain resort for its homonym lake.

## Related pages

- List of cities in Cuba

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: El Salto del Hanabanilla
- **other name**: Hanabanilla
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: File:HanabanillaLake.JPG
- **imagesize**: 280px
- **image caption**: Hanabanilla Lake
- **pushpin map**: Cuba#Villa Clara Province
- **pushpin label position**: none
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of El Salto del Hanabanilla in Cuba
- **pushpin mapsize**: 280
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Cuba, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Villa Clara Province, Villa Clara
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Cuba, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Manicaragua
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1802
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population total**: 436
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **elevation m**: 350
- **area code**: +35 422
2025 Somerset–London tornado

During the late-night hours of May 16, 2025, a devastating tornado hit Eastern Kentucky. Also known as the **London tornado**, or the **Somerset-London tornado**, it caused severe-to-catastrophic damage in cities of Somerset and London. It killed 19 people, 17 of which were in London, and injured many more. This was the deadliest tornado since the 2021 Western Kentucky tornado. It was also the worst tornado to ever strike the area, which rarely sees strong tornadoes, and especially violent and deadly ones. Many homes and businesses were destroyed, and emergency workers helped people throughout the night.
Amish way of life

The **Amish** are a group of traditional Christian communities known for their simple lifestyle, strong faith, and separation from modern society. Their way of life is guided by religious beliefs and community rules.

## Core beliefs and values

The Amish live by four main values:
- Faith: Their daily lives reflect their religious beliefs, emphasizing humility, discipline, and devotion to God.
- The Amish Village
- Family: Families are central to Amish life. They often have many children, and multiple generations live together, supporting each other.
- Community: Amish communities are close-knit. Members help each other, especially during events like barn raisings or times of need.
- Simplicity: They avoid modern conveniences to live humbly and focus on spiritual matters.

## Daily life

- Language: At home, they speak Pennsylvania Dutch, a German dialect, and use English for interactions outside their community.
- Clothing: Amish dress plainly. Men wear dark suits and hats; women wear long dresses and head coverings.
- Education: Children attend school up to the 8th grade, focusing on practical skills for community life.
- Work: Many Amish are farmers or craftsmen, producing goods like furniture and quilts. They value hard work and self-sufficiency.
- Technology: They limit the use of modern technology, avoiding electricity and cars to maintain community bonds and simplicity.
- Transportation: Travel is typically by horse-drawn buggy. Some communities allow bicycles or scooters.

## Religious practices

- Worship: Services are held every other Sunday in homes, featuring hymns, Bible readings, and sermons in German.
- Leadership: Church leaders are chosen by the community and serve for life. They have no formal theological training.
- Baptism: Young adults choose to be baptized, usually between ages 18 and 22, committing to the church and its rules.

## Community rules and discipline

- Ordnung: An unwritten set of rules guiding daily life, including dress, technology use, and behavior.
- Shunning: Members who break church rules and don't repent may be socially avoided until they return to the community's ways.
- Rumspringa: A period during adolescence when youth explore the outside world before deciding to join the church.

## Interaction with the outside world

While the Amish separate themselves from mainstream society, they do engage in business with non-Amish people, selling goods and services. However, they avoid activities like voting, military service, and accepting government aid, relying instead on community support.
Slave marriages in the United States

Before the American Civil War, slave marriages were usually not legal in the United States. Enslaved African Americans were treated as property, not as people, and had no civil or political rights. This did not change until slavery was abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

## Slave Codes

Slave codes were laws created by states and the federal government starting in 1705 to control the lives of enslaved African Americans. These laws treated enslaved people like property—just like animals or tools on a farm.

They were not allowed to:

- Sign legal agreements
- Own property
- Control their time or movements

Anything they had legally belonged to their enslaver. They could not legally marry or keep their families together. After the slave rebellions, it became illegal to teach them to read or write. In 1856, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sandford that enslaved people were not U.S. citizens and had no constitutional rights because they were considered property.

## Historiography

Since the mid-1970s, some historians—like Herbert Gutman, John Blassingame, Jacqueline Jones, Ann Malone, and Eugene D. Genovese—have argued that most enslaved children were raised by both their parents. But more recent studies, including a review of census and slave records from Loudoun County, Virginia, suggest otherwise. According to historian Brenda E. Stevenson, enslaved fathers often could not play a strong role in the family. Many enslaved mothers led their families alone, and their husbands often lived on different plantations, known as having "abroad" spouses. As a result, enslaved men might have close relationships with more than one woman.

However, Herbert Gutman found a slave register from a South Carolina plantation that covered almost 100 years. It showed that some enslaved men and women had long-lasting marriages. He also found similar examples in other states like Virginia, northern Louisiana, North Carolina, and Alabama.

Slave traders often broke up families by selling them to the Deep South and Southwest, especially in the years before the Civil War. Even so, many enslaved people tried hard to find and reunite with their loved ones. Historians still debate how much the interstate slave trade actually broke up families.
Jofrito

**Jofrito** is a town in the state of Querétaro in Mexico. About 2,000 people live there.
Juriquilla

**Juriquilla** is a town in the state of Querétaro in Mexico. About 39 244 people live there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Juriquilla
- **native name**: Ex-hacienda de Juriquilla
- **image skyline**: Juriquilla, Querétaro skyline torres Juriquilla Santa Fe 3.jpg
- **imagesize**: 275px
- **pushpin map**: Mexico
- **pushpin mapsize**: 300px
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Mexico
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: Querétaro
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Querétaro, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Querétaro Municipality, Querétaro
- **leader title**: Municipal President
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: May 19, 1522
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population total**: 39,244
- **population metro**: 6,786
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **timezone**: Central Standard Time, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: Central Daylight Time, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **elevation m**: 2400
- **postal code type**: Postal code
Kiana (singer)

**Kiana** (born **Anika Bostelaar**) (Etten-Leur, Netherlands, June 5, 1981) is a Dutch singer, best known from the (former) British pop group Girl Thing. Before joining this group, she appeared in commercials on Dutch television.

The only single she has released so far is called _King of the Dancefloor_, composed and written by Joachim Vemeulen Windsant and Maarten Ten Hove, and produced/remixed in Italy by Paolo Sandrini, known for his collaborations with Gigi d'Agostino among others.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **alias**: Anika Bostelaar
- **genre**: Pop music, pop, dance
Human trafficking in the United States

**In the U.S., human trafficking** often happens near international airports and cities with large immigrant communities, especially in California, Texas, and Georgia. Victims can be children, teens, men, or women, and they may be from the U.S. or other countries.

According to federal law (18 USC § 1589), it's illegal to force someone to work through threats, pressure, or fear. In 2017, the U.S. was ranked as a "Tier 1" country by the State Department, meaning it was actively working to fight human trafficking.

## Where forced labor happens

A 2011 U.S. State Department report said most victims of forced labor come from countries like Thailand, India, Mexico, the Philippines, Haiti, Honduras, El Salvador, and the Dominican Republic. Many are brought to the U.S. through visa programs meant for students or temporary workers. These people often end up working in jobs like hospitality, landscaping, construction, food service, and farming — where they can be taken advantage of.

Human trafficking is most common in large cities with lots of international travel and big immigrant communities. The highest numbers of reported cases were in California, New York, Texas, and Florida. A U.S. Department of Justice report also listed California, Oklahoma, New York, and Texas as having the most survivors of human trafficking.
Rhincodon ferriolensis

The European Whale shark (***Rhincodon ferriolensis***) is an extinct species of Whale Shark that lived in Miocene epoch, in late Burdigalian age. It considered the direct ancestor of current Whale shark (_Rhincodon typus_).
Cadereyta de Montes Municipality

**Cadereyta de Montes** is a municipality in the state of Querétaro in Mexico.

## Demography

|**Settlements**|**Population**|
| --- | --- |
|**Total Municipality**|**69 075**.|
|**Cadereyta de Montes**|13,347|
|Vizarrón|2,513|
|Boyé|1,854|
Rhincodon

***Rhincodon*** is a genus of sharks of Orectolobiformes order that inclued two species. The Whale shark is the only representant of the genus.
Rhincodontidae

***Rhincodontidae*** is a family of sharks that inclued one living species: Whale Shark (_Rhincodon typus_). It lived in Paleocene to Recent, inclued one fossil genus: _Palaeorhincodon_.
RUNNING BOY: Secrets of the Star Soldier

"Running **Boy: Secret of the Star Warrior**" is a Japanese anime film produced by Filmlink International and released by Togo on July 20, 1986.
Córdoba, Veracruz

**Córdoba** is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz. In 2020, 204,721 people lived there.
Alvarado, Veracruz

**Alvarado** is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz. In 2020, 57,035 people lived there.
Metepec

**Metepec** is a city in the Mexican state of México. In 2020, 164,182 people lived there.
Xico, Valle de Chalco

**Xico** is a city in the Mexican state of México. It is the municipal seat of Valle de Chalco Municipality. In 2020, 384,327 people lived there.
Apodaca

**Apodaca** is a city in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. In 2020, 536,436 people lived there.
General Escobedo

**General Escobedo** is a city in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. In 2020, 454,967 people lived there.
Clarksville, Missouri

**Clarksville** is a city in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Curryville, Missouri

**Curryville** is a city in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Frankford, Missouri

**Frankford** is a city in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Annada, Missouri

**Annada** is a village in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Ashburn, Missouri

**Ashburn** is a village in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Eolia, Missouri

**Eolia** is a village in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Paynesville, Missouri

**Paynesville** is a village in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Tarrants, Missouri

**Tarrants** is a village in Pike County, Missouri, United States.
Camden Point, Missouri

**Camden Point** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Edgerton, Missouri

**Edgerton** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Houston Lake, Missouri

**Houston Lake** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Lake Waukomis, Missouri

**Lake Waukomis** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Northmoor, Missouri

**Northmoor** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Parkville, Missouri

**Parkville** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Platte Woods, Missouri

**Platte Woods** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Riverside, Missouri

**Riverside** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Tracy, Missouri

**Tracy** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Weatherby Lake, Missouri

**Weatherby Lake** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Weston, Missouri

**Weston** is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Farley, Missouri

**Farley** is a village in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Ferrelview, Missouri

**Ferrelview** is a village in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Iatan, Missouri

**Iatan** is a village in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Ridgely, Missouri

**Ridgely** is a village in Platte County, Missouri, United States.
Fair Play, Missouri

**Fair Play** is a city in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Morrisville, Missouri

**Morrisville** is a city in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Pleasant Hope, Missouri

**Pleasant Hope** is a city in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Aldrich, Missouri

**Aldrich** is a village in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Flemington, Missouri

**Flemington** is a village in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Supergirl (2026 movie)

***Supergirl*** is an upcoming American superhero movie based on the DC Comics superheroine Supergirl. It will be the second movie in the DC Universe (DCU), after _Superman_ (2025). The movie was directed by Craig Gillespie and written by Ana Nogueira. It stars Milly Alcock as Kara Zor-El / Supergirl and Matthias Schoenaerts, Eve Ridley, David Krumholtz, and Emily Beecham. It will be released on June 26, 2026.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Supergirl
- **director**: Craig Gillespie
- **writer**: Ana Nogueira
- **cinematography**: Rob Hardy (cinematographer), Rob Hardy
- **studio**: DC Studios
- **distributor**: Warner Bros. Pictures
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Halfway, Missouri

**Halfway** is a village in Polk County, Missouri, United States.
Tomás Mejía

**Tomás Mejía** (17 September 1820 – 19 June 1867) was a Mexican general during the First Mexican Republic.
Jalpan de Serra Municipality

**Jalpan de Serra** is a municipality in the state of Querétaro in Mexico.
Animal welfare in Nazi Germany

In **Nazi Germany**, the government introduced several laws to protect animals, reflecting the leadership's interest in animal welfare. However, these measures often served propaganda purposes and were inconsistently enforced.

## Key animal protection laws

- 1933 Animal Protection Law: This law prohibited unnecessary harm to animals, including overworking them, neglect, and certain procedures like docking dogs' ears or tails without anesthesia. It also banned force-feeding poultry and the inhumane killing of animals.
- Ban on Vivisection: In August 1933, Hermann Göring announced a ban on vivisection (animal experimentation) in Prussia, threatening violators with concentration camps. Despite this, the ban was later relaxed, and animal experiments continued under regulated conditions.

## Animal experiments

Although initial laws aimed to restrict animal testing, in practice, such experiments persisted and even expanded. Researchers conducted studies on animals to advance medical knowledge, including cancer research and the effects of smoking. Some experiments were precursors to human testing, highlighting a contradiction between stated policies and actual practices.

## Hunting and wildlife

Hunting was popular among Nazi officials, including Hermann Göring, who was appointed Reich Master of the Hunt. While some regulations were introduced to manage hunting practices, these often aligned with the personal interests of the leadership rather than genuine conservation efforts.

## Animals in warfare

During World War II, the Nazi regime utilized animals such as horses, dogs, and oxen for military purposes. Approximately 200,000 dogs were employed for tasks like messaging and guarding. This extensive use strained veterinary resources, affecting animal care in civilian sectors.

## Education and propaganda

Animal protection was incorporated into educational curricula, and public campaigns promoted the Nazi image as defenders of animals. However, these efforts often served to distract from the regime's broader oppressive policies.
Landa de Matamoros Municipality

**Landa de Matamoros** is a municipality in the state of Querétaro in Mexico.
Adolf Hitler and vegetarianism

Adolf Hitler, the leader of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, followed a vegetarian diet during the later years of his life. However, the reasons behind his dietary choices and the consistency of his vegetarianism are subjects of debate.

## Early dietary habits

Before World War II, Hitler's diet included meat. Reports indicate that he consumed dishes like stuffed squab, sausages, and caviar. In 1937, Ilse Hess noted that Hitler stopped eating meat except for liver dumplings, a claim supported by other sources. Some accounts suggest that he occasionally consumed ham and caviar, which would not align with a strict vegetarian diet.

## Shift to vegetarianism

In 1938, Hitler's doctors recommended a meat-free diet due to his health issues, including stomach problems. From 1942 onwards, he publicly identified as a vegetarian. Eyewitnesses, such as his food taster Margot Wölk and secretary Traudl Junge, confirmed that his meals were meatless during this period. However, some of his staff secretly added animal products like bone marrow to his food without his knowledge.

## Reasons for vegetarianism

Several factors may have influenced Hitler's dietary choices:
- Health concerns: He suffered from digestive issues and believed that a vegetarian diet alleviated his symptoms.
- Animal welfare: Hitler was reportedly distressed by animal suffering and opposed practices like vivisection.
- Ideological beliefs: Some suggest that his vegetarianism was influenced by the composer Richard Wagner's ideas or as a psychological response to personal events, such as the death of his niece.

## Public image and propaganda

Nazi propaganda, led by Joseph Goebbels, portrayed Hitler as a man of discipline and self-control, emphasizing his abstention from meat, alcohol, and tobacco. This image aimed to present him as a virtuous and dedicated leader. However, some historians argue that this portrayal was exaggerated or manipulated for public relations purposes.

## Scientific analysis

In 2018, French forensic scientists examined Hitler's dental remains and found no traces of meat fibers, supporting claims that he adhered to a vegetarian diet in his final years.
Decline of Buddhism in the Indian subcontinent

Buddhism began in India and was once a major religion there. Over time, especially between the 4th and 14th centuries CE, Buddhism gradually declined in the Indian subcontinent. This happened due to various reasons, both from within the Buddhist community and from outside influences.

## Internal factors that led to decline

- Divisions within Buddhism: Buddhism split into different groups like Theravāda, Mahāyāna, and Vajrayāna. These divisions caused confusion and weakened the unity of the religion.
- Corruption and decay in monasteries: Some Buddhist monks and monasteries became wealthy and involved in worldly affairs, moving away from the original teachings of Buddhism. This made the religion less appealing to many people.
- Loss of royal support: After the reigns of supportive kings like Ashoka and Harsha, fewer rulers promoted Buddhism. Without royal backing, Buddhism lost resources and influence.

## External factors that contributed

- Rise of Hinduism: Hinduism became more popular, especially with movements like Bhakti that emphasized personal devotion. This attracted many people who might have otherwise followed Buddhism.
- Muslim invasions: Between the 10th and 12th centuries, Muslim rulers invaded parts of India. They destroyed important Buddhist centers like Nalanda University, leading to a significant decline in Buddhist practices.
- Economic challenges: Buddhist monasteries often relied on donations and land grants. Over time, they lost these sources of income, making it hard to sustain their activities.

## Survival and revival

Despite the decline, Buddhism didn't disappear entirely. It remained strong in places like Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan. In the 19th and 20th centuries, there were efforts to revive Buddhism in India, notably by figures like Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, who encouraged many to embrace Buddhism as a way to fight social discrimination.
SENS Research Foundation

The **SENS Research Foundation** is a non-profit group that studies how to use medicine to repair the body and fight aging. It started in 2009 and is based in Mountain View, California, USA. Every year, it shares a report about the work it has done.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: SENS Research Foundation
- **logo**: SENS-Research-Foundation.png
- **founder**: Aubrey de Grey, , , ,
- **type**: 501(c)#501.28c.29.283.29, 501(c)(3)
- **purpose**: Rejuvenation (aging), Rejuvenation
- **location**: Mountain View, California, Mountain View, California, United States
- **region**: Global
- **methods**: Strategies for engineered negligible senescence, SENS
- **key people**: (CEO)  (Chairman), , , , , , ,
Homer and Her Sisters

"**Homer and Her Sisters**" is the ninth episode of the thirty-sixth season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on December 15, 2024.

## Infobox (simpsons episode)

- **season**: 36
- **episode**: 9
- **director**: Matthew Nastuk
- **writer**: Nick Dahan
- **production**: 36ABF03
- **guests**: * Susie Essman as Aunt Sadie
* Ike Barinholtz as Wayne the Grip
* Jay Pharoah as Drederick Tatum
- **prev**: Convenience Airways
- **next**: O C'mon All Ye Faithful
Flag of Albuquerque

The **flag of Albuquerque** () is colored red and the center with a yellow zia sun symbol. The emblem has a diameter of three-quarters the width of the center. The ratio of the flag is 2:3.

## Design and symbolism

The meaning of the colors of the flag are as follows:

|Name|width=100|Color|HEX Code|Meaning|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Red|style = "background-color: #C90016; color: #C90016||#C90016|reference colors of the flag of New Mexico (and thereby the flag of Castile and León)|
|Gold|style = "background-color: #FCC200; color: #FCC200"||#FFFFFF|ditto|

## Infobox (flag)

- **name**: Flag of Albuquerque
- **image**: Flag of Albuquerque, New Mexico.svg
- **proportion**: 2:3
Rocket Lab

**Rocket Lab** is an American aerospace company that constructs and launches space rockets and satellite equipment. It was founded in New Zealand in 2006 by Peter Beck, a self-taught rocket engineer.

Rocket Lab builds and launches one rocket that can reach a stable orbit: Electron. They are currently designing a larger rocket called Neutron. Governments, companies, and organizations can purchase launches from Rocket Lab.

## Electron

Electron is a small-lift launch vehicle capable of carrying up to 300 kg (661 lbs) into a low Earth orbit. It was designed to carry small satellites into space for companies and governments that do not need a larger rocket.Because of its small size, it is relatively cheap to launch, costing only US$ 6,000,000. It was first launched in 2017 from Rocket Lab's Mahia Launch Complex in New Zealand. It completed its 50th launch in June of 2024.

Rocket Lab currently picks up the first stage of the rocket after it falls into the ocean. They clean up the body, which is made of a carbon composite, and use the body in their other rockets. The company was even able to catch the first stage with a helicopter, which they plan to re-use. This directly caught booster will require less maintenance than an ocean splashdown.

## Neutron

Neutron is a partially re-usable medium-lift launch vehicle currently being tested. It will be capable of carrying up to 13,000 kg (28,660 lb) to a low Earth orbit, 1,800 kg (3,968 lb) to a geostationary orbit, and 1,500 kg (3306 lb) to the planets Mars or Venus. It was designed to carry satellites, cargo, and even people into space. The rocket's first stage is re-usable because it can land on an unmanned boat in the ocean. If the launch customer has a lighter payload, the rocket can even land at the launch site where it lifted off. Neutron's fairing, the part that keeps the payload safe during liftoff, is also recovered (unlike most other rockets), which makes it even easier to re-use.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Rocket Lab Corporation
- **logo**: Rocket Lab logo.svg
- **traded as**: Public
- **industry**: Aerospace
- **founded**: 2006 in New Zealand
- **founder**: Peter Beck
- **hq location**: Long Beach, California, United States
- **homepage**: https://www.rocketlabcorp.com/
Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria

**Pope Tawadros II** (born as **Wagih Subhi Baqj Sulayman** on  Coptic calendar: [25 Paopi 1668]) is the current and 118th pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria succeeding the late Pope Shenouda III as the pope of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria. He took office and his papacy began on 18 November 2012 9 [Hathor 1729], two weeks after he was elected to the papacy of the patriarchate.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **image**: Tawadros II.jpg
- **caption**: Pope Tawadros II in 2019
- **type**: pope
- **honorific-prefix**: Holiness (style), His Holiness
- **name**: Pope Tawadros II
- **title**: Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church, Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic See of Saint Mark the Evangelist of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
- **native name**: Tawadros II
- **church**: Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
- **archdiocese**: Patriarch of Alexandria, Alexandria and all of Africa
- **province**: Alexandria
- **diocese**: Alexandria
- **see**: Alexandria
- **enthroned**: 18 November 2012
 (Coptic calendar: 25 Paopi 1668]
- **predecessor**: Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria, Pope Shenouda III
- **ordination**: 1989
 [1705-1706]
- **consecration**: 15 June 1997
 [8 Paoni 1713]
- **consecrated by**: Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
- **birth name**: Wagih Subhi Baqj Sulayman
- **birth date**: [25 Paopi 1668]
- **birth place**: Mansoura, Egypt, Mansoura, Kingdom of Egypt (modern-day Egypt)
- **nationality**: Copts, Coptic Egyptians, Egyptian
- **religion**: Coptic Oriental Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodox  Christianity, Christian
- **residence**: Seat of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Coptic Orthodox Patriarchal Residence in Alexandria, Egypt
- **occupation**: Pharmacy, Pharmacist (formerly)
 Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church (currently)
- **alma mater**: Alexandria University in Alexandria, Egypt