juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ove Kindvall

**Bengt Ove Kindvall** (16 May 1943 – 5 August 2025) was a Swedish professional footballer. He played as a striker. He started his career at IFK Norrköping, where he played until he joined Feyenoord in 1966 and became professional. He was thought to be one of Sweden's greatest ever players. He played for the Sweden men's national football team from 1965 until 1974.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ove Kindvall
- **full name**: Bengt Ove Kindvall
- **image**: Selectie Zweedse elftal voor WK voetbal in trainingskamp in Mönchen Gladblach n, Bestanddeelnr 927-2498.jpg
- **caption**: Kindvall with Sweden during the 1974 FIFA World Cup
- **image size**: 230
- **birth place**: Norrköping, Sweden
- **height**: 1.74 m
- **position**: Striker (association football), Striker
- **youthclubs1**: IFK Norrköping
- **years1**: 1962–1966
- **clubs1**: IFK Norrköping
- **caps1**: 84
- **goals1**: 70
- **years2**: 1966–1971
- **clubs2**: Feyenoord
- **caps2**: 144
- **goals2**: 129
- **years3**: 1971–1975
- **clubs3**: IFK Norrköping
- **caps3**: 94
- **goals3**: 30
- **years4**: 1975–1977
- **clubs4**: IFK Göteborg
- **caps4**: 58
- **goals4**: 30
- **totalcaps**: 344
- **totalgoals**: 259
- **nationalyears1**: 1961
- **nationalteam1**: Sweden men's national under-19 football team, Sweden U19
- **nationalcaps1**: 3
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1964
- **nationalteam2**: Sweden national under-21 football team, Sweden U21
- **nationalcaps2**: 2
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 1963–1964
- **nationalteam3**: Sweden national football B team, Sweden B
- **nationalcaps3**: 2
- **nationalgoals3**: 4
- **nationalyears4**: 1965–1974
- **nationalteam4**: Sweden men's national football team, Sweden
- **nationalcaps4**: 43
- **nationalgoals4**: 16
- **manageryears1**: 1979–1980
- **managerclubs1**: IFK Göteborg (chairman)
Terry Reid

**Terrance James Reid** (13 November 1949 – 4 August 2025) was an English rock singer-songwriter, and guitarist. His songs have been recorded by many artists including The Hollies; Crosby, Stills & Nash; Jackson Browne; Arrival; Marianne Faithfull; Cheap Trick; Jack White with The Raconteurs; Joe Perry; Rumer; Christopher Charles Romero; and Chris Cornell.

Reid's music career began in the early 1960s. He played for Peter Jay and the Jaywalkers. In the later '60s, Reid was the solo supporting act for the Rolling Stones, Cream, Jethro Tull and Fleetwood Mac tours.

He turned down offers by Jimmy Page to be the lead vocalist of the band that became Led Zeppelin, and Ritchie Blackmore to front Deep Purple.

Reid died on 4 August 2025 at a hospital in Rancho Mirage, California from problems caused by cancer at the age of 75.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Terry Reid
- **image**: Terry Reid.jpg
- **caption**: Reid in 1974
- **birth name**: Terrance James Reid
- **birth place**: St Neots, Cambridgeshire, England
- **death place**: Rancho Mirage, California, Rancho Mirage, California, United States, U.S.
- **years active**: 1961–2025
- **past member of**: Peter Jay and the Jaywalkers
Eldar Shengelaia

**Eldar Shengelaia** (; 26 January 1933 – 4 August 2025) was a Georgian movie director and screenwriter. He directed ten movies between 1957 and 1996. From 1990 to 2004, he was a member of the Parliament of Georgia. He was awarded the titles of the People's Artist of Georgia (1979) and of the Soviet Union (1988).

In 1985 he was a member of the jury at the 14th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1992 he was a member of the jury at the 42nd Berlin International Film Festival.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Eldar Shengelaya 2004.jpg
- **name**: Eldar Shengelaia
- **caption**: Shengelaya in 2004
- **office**: Member of the Parliament of Georgia
- **term start**: 14 November 1990
- **term end**: 22 April 2004
- **birth place**: Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, Transcaucasian SFSR, USSR (now Georgia (country), Georgia)
- **occupation**: Film director
Screenwriter
- **yearsactive**: 1957–2022
Talgat Musabayev

**Talğat Amankeldıūly Mūsabaev** (; 7 January 1951 – 4 August 2025) was a Kazakh test pilot, cosmonaut and politician. He flew on three spaceflights. His first two spaceflights were aboard the Russian space station _Mir_. His third spaceflight was a short visiting mission to the International Space Station. He retired as a cosmonaut in November 2003. Beginning in 2007 he was head of KazCosmos, Kazakhstan's National Space Agency.

From 13 July 2017 to 24 January 2023, he was Deputy of the Senate of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Musabayev died on 4 August 2025 at the age of 74.

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **child**: yes
- **type**: Roscosmos cosmonaut
- **current occupation**: Director of Aerospace Agency of Republic of Kazakhstan
- **time**: 341d 9h 48m
- **selection**: 11 May 1990
- **eva1**: 7
- **eva2**: 41 hours, 13 minutes
- **mission**: Mir EO-16 (Soyuz TM-19), Mir EO-25 (Soyuz TM-27), ISS EP-1 (Soyuz TM-32 / Soyuz TM-31)
- **insignia**:


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Talgat Musabayev
- **native name lang**: kk
- **image**: STS091-370-033 - STS-091 - Crewmember activity in the Mir Space Station - DPLA - 39bc4806133b3eaeb851218d6f99b87c (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Musabayev in 1998
- **office**: Member of the Senate of Kazakhstan, Senate
- **term start**: 13 July 2017
- **term end**: 24 January 2023
- **appointer**: Nursultan Nazarbayev
- **nationality**: Kazakhstan, Kazakh
- **birth place**: Kargaly, Zhambyl District, Almaty Region, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union
- **occupation**: Test pilot
- **party**: Amanat (political party), Amanat (2007–2025)
Stella Rimington

**Dame Stella Rimington** (13 May 1935 – 3 August 2025) was a British author and spy. She was the Director General of MI5 from 1992 to 1996. She was the first female to have this role and the first whose name was public on appointment.

Rimington died on 3 August 2025, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Official website
- BBC.co.uk 1993: Secret Service goes public
- TrashOtron.com Stella Rimington Interview at The Agony Column Podcast with Rick Kleffel on 25 July 2008

## Infobox (spy)

- **honorific prefix**: Dame
- **name**: Stella Rimington
- **image**: Stella Rimington (cropped).JPG
- **caption**: Rimington in 2016
- **allegiance**: United Kingdom
- **service**: MI5
- **serviceyears**: 1967–1996
- **rank**: Director General of MI5
- **birth name**: Stella Whitehouse
- **birth place**: South London, England
- **nationality**: British
- **children**: 2
Ercole Spada

**Ercole Spada** (26 July 1937 – 3 August 2025) was an Italian automobile designer. His most well known designs were made in the 1960s, for the Zagato design studio house. This is where he designed many sports cars by Aston Martin, Ferrari, and Maserati, as well as Alfa Romeo, Abarth, Fiat and Lancia were clothed by Spada's designs. Spada was born in Busto Arsizio, Italy.

Spada died on 3 August 2025 in Sestriere, Italy at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- Coachbuild.com encyclopedia: Spadaconcept
- Ercole Spada
- Ercole Spada on the page _BMW Designers_
Badra Gunba

**Badra Gunba**, born on March 14, 1981, is a politician from Abkhazia. He has been the president of Abkhazia since 2025. Before that, he was the vice president from 2020 to 2025 under President Aslan Bzhania.

Badra Gunba was born in Sukhumi when it was part of the Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He studied economics at Saratov State Agrarian University. In 2009, he became the Deputy Minister of Culture, and in 2011, he was promoted to Minister of Culture. In 2020, Aslan Bzhania chose Gunba as his running mate for the presidential election, and they both ran as Independents.

Aslan Bzhania won the 2020 presidential election, becoming president, and Badra Gunba became vice president on March 23, 2020. In November 2024, protests against Bzhania led to his resignation on November 19, and Gunba became acting president. In March 2025, Gunba ran for president, won the election, and was sworn in as president on April 2, 2025.

## Early life and education

Badra Gunba was born on March 14, 1981, in Sukhumi, part of the Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. He graduated from Sokhumi State University in 1998 and worked as an economics teacher at Abkhazian State University. In 2003, he earned a degree in accounting and auditing from Saratov State Agrarian University.

From December 2003 to August 2004, Badra Gunba worked for the Saratov city government as a specialist in the Department of Social Sphere and Apparatus Financing. He held various roles in the city's financial department from March 2004 to February 2006. In 2007, he earned a PhD from Saratov State Agrarian University.

## Abkhazia

From January 2009 to October 2011, Badra Gunba served as the Deputy Minister of Culture in Abkhazia. He then became the Minister of Culture from January 2011 to January 2014. In 2020, he was appointed Vice President of Abkhazia.

In November 2024, President Aslan Bzhania resigned after protesters took over government buildings. Badra Gunba became acting president and later won the 2025 presidential election against Adgur Ardzinba. Russia, which had cut off electricity to Abkhazia following Bzhania’s resignation, reportedly interfered in the election through Sergey Kiriyenko, a top Kremlin official, to support Gunba’s campaign.

On March 3, 2025, Badra Gunba appointed Vladimir Delba as the prime minister of Abkhazia.

## Personal life

Gunba has two children with his wife.
Jonathan Kaplan

**Jonathan Kaplan** (November 25, 1947 – August 1, 2025) was an American producer and director. He was known for his movie _The Accused_ (1988), which was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 39th Berlin International Film Festival. His movie _Love Field_ (1992), was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival.

Kaplan received five Emmy nominations for his roles directing and producing the television series _ER_.

Kaplan died from liver cancer at his home in Los Angeles, California on August 1, 2025, at the age of 77.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jonathan Kaplan
- **birth place**: Paris, France
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **years active**: 1972–2014
- **spouse**: Julie Selzer (1987–2001)
- **children**: 1
- **mother**: Frances Heflin
- **father**: Sol Kaplan
- **relations**: Van Heflin (uncle)
Marta Heflin (cousin)
Love Field (movie)

***Love Field*** is a 1992 American drama movie written by Don Roos and directed by Jonathan Kaplan. It stars Michelle Pfeiffer and Dennis Haysbert. It was released in the United States on December 11, 1992, by Orion Pictures. It is an example of the assassination of John F. Kennedy in popular culture. For her role, Pfeiffer earned an Academy Award for Best Actress nomination.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Love Field
- **director**: Jonathan Kaplan
- **writer**: Don Roos
- **cinematography**: Ralf D. Bode, Ralf Bode
- **editing**: Jane Kurson
- **music**: Jerry Goldsmith
- **runtime**: 102 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $18 million
- **gross**: $1 million
Hairspray (2007 movie)

***Hairspray*** is a 2007 musical romantic comedy movie based on the 2002 Broadway musical of the same name, which in turn was based on John Waters's 1988 comedy movie of the same name. It was was directed and choreographed by Adam Shankman.

It stars John Travolta, Michelle Pfeiffer, Christopher Walken, Amanda Bynes, James Marsden, Queen Latifah, Brittany Snow, Zac Efron, Elijah Kelley, Allison Janney, and Nikki Blonsky.

It is set in 1962 Baltimore, Maryland and the movie is about teenager Tracy Turnblad (Blonsky) as she tries to become famous as a dancer on a local television dance show and protests against racial segregation.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Hairspray
- **director**: Adam Shankman
- **screenplay**: Leslie Dixon
- **music**: Marc Shaiman
- **cinematography**: Bojan Bazelli
- **editing**: Michael Tronick
- **runtime**: 116 minutes
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $75 million
- **gross**: $203.5 million
Adam Shankman

**Adam Michael Shankman** (born November 27, 1964) is an American movie director, producer, writer, dancer, author, actor, and choreographer. He was a permanent judge on seasons 6–7 of the television program _So You Think You Can Dance_. He directed the movies _A Walk to Remember_, _Bringing Down the House_, _The Pacifier_, and the musicals _Hairspray, Rock of Ages_ and _Disenchanted_.

Shankman is gay.

## Other websites

- Interview with _The Advocate_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Adam Shankman
- **image**: AdamShankman.png
- **caption**: Adam Shankman in 2008
- **birth name**: Adam Michael Shankman
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **education**: Juilliard School
- **years active**: 1983–present
- **occupation**: Film director, producer, writer, dancer, author, actor, choreographer
King of the Cage

**King of the Cage** is a company that runs mixed martial arts fights.

It is a mixed martial arts promotion. It is based in Southern California, United States.
It was founded in 1998 by Terry Trebilcock Jr.

It has promoted a majority of its events at Native American casinos throughout the United States. KOTC also promotes events in Canada, Australia & Japan. King of the Cage events are also broadcast on most national pay-per-view platforms.

KOTC features mostly amateur as well as up and coming MMA stars and former mainstream combat fighters.
Dancing on My Own

"**Dancing on My Own**" is a song by Swedish singer-songwriter Robyn. It was released on 20 April 2010 as the lead single from her fifth studio album, _Body Talk Pt. 1_ (2010), the first in her _Body Talk_ series.

The song was inspired by events that Robyn saw while on her last tour then dancing throughout Stockholm. She has called the song her "favorite sad gay disco anthems".

The _Rolling Stone_ placed the song at number 20 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2021.

The song later earned a nomination for Best Dance Recording at the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards and was awarded Best Song at the Grammisgalan in Sweden.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Dancing on My Own
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Robyn
- **album**: Body Talk Pt. 1
- **genre**: *Electropop (album version)
*synth-pop (radio edit)
*Acoustic music, acoustic (Live Lounge)
- **label**: Konichiwa Records, Konichiwa
- **producer**: Patrik Berger
- **prev title**: The Girl and the Robot
- **prev year**: 2009
- **next title**: Hang with Me
- **next year**: 2010
Deportivo Centro Gallego

**Deportivo Centro Gallego** was a Cuban sports club based in Havana. It was founded by the Galician community in Cuba.

The last known season that their football team competed in was in 1955, when they finished last in the league.

## Honours

- **Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol de Cuba (8)**
    - **Winners**: 1931, 1932, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1945, 1947

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Centro Gallego
- **fullname**: Deportivo Centro Gallego
- **nickname**: Alacráns (Scorpions)
- **dissolved**: Unknown
- **league**: Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol de Cuba, Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol
Audrey Hobert

**Audrey Hobert** (born February 19, 1999) is an American pop singer-songwriter. She is known for writing several songs with Gracie Abrams on her 2024 album _The Secret of Us_. Hobert released her debut single, "Sue Me", in 2025. Hobert co-wrote the international hit song "That's So True". Hobert was a staff writer on every episode of the Nickelodeon sitcom _The Really Loud House_ (2022–2024).

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Audrey Hobert
- **image**: AudreyHobertJuly25.jpg
- **alt**: Hobert during a concert
- **caption**: Hobert in July 2025
- **years active**: 2019–present
- **relatives**: Malcolm Todd (musician), Malcolm Todd (brother)
- **alma mater**: New York University
- **website**: https://www.audreyhobert.net/
Manuel Chorens

**Manuel Chorens García** (born 22 January 1916, date of death unknown) was a Cuban footballer.

## Career

Chorens started his career at Centro Gallego in Cuba. In January 1934, he signed for Sporting Gijón, but didn't make any appearances for them and returned to Centro Gallego in March 1934.

Chorens played 32 times for Cuba. Notably, he played for them at the 1938 FIFA World Cup in France as the team's captain.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Manuel Chorens
- **fullname**: Manuel Chorens García
- **birth place**: La Coruña, Spain
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **years1**: –1934
- **clubs1**: Deportivo Centro Gallego, Centro Gallego
- **years2**: 1934
- **clubs2**: Sporting de Gijón, Sporting Gijón
- **caps2**: 0
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1934–
- **clubs3**: Deportivo Centro Gallego, Centro Gallego
- **nationalteam1**: Cuba national football team, Cuba
- **nationalcaps1**: 32
- **nationalgoals1**: ?
Air Bud (series)

***Air Bud*** movie series is a Comedy drama movie series based on Bud. It follows over a golden retriever who plays basketball and other sports. It eventually led to a buddies spin off: Air Buddies, Snow Buddies, Space Buddies, Spooky Buddies, Santa buddies, Treasure buddies, and Super Buddies.

## Film

- Air Bud
- Air Bud: Golden retriever
- Air Bud: World Pup
- Air Bud: Seventh Inning Fetch
- Air Bud: Spikes Back

## Spin-offs

- Air Buddies
- Snow Buddies
- Space Buddies
- Santa Buddies
- Spooky Buddies
- Treasure Buddies
- Super Buddies
Katie Morag

***Katie Morag*** (Scottish Gaelic: _Ceitidh Morag_) is a Scottish comedy children's television series that aired on BBC Alba and CBBC from November 3, 2013 to April 4, 2015.
Palace of Castel Gandolfo

The **Palace of Castel Gandolfo** (Italian: _Palazzo Pontificio di Castel Gandolfo_) is a historic building belonging to the Catholic Church, a former suburban papal residence and current museum.

It is located inside the extraterritorial zone of the papal villas of Castel Gandolfo, in the Alban Mountains, about twenty kilometers south of Rome. The pontiffs used to travel to Castel Gandolfo at least once a year, in summer.

## History

Purchased by the Apostolic Camera in July 1596 and incorporated as an inalienable patrimony of the Holy See on May 27, 1604, the territory of Castel Gandolfo was chosen as a place to spend vacations by many popes starting with Pope Urban VIII, who, shortly after his election as pontiff (1623), undertook the construction of a building on the plot of the Roman villa of Emperor Domitian, probably built in turn on the acropolis of ancient Alba Longa.

Although he was the promoter of its construction, Urban VIII never lived in this palace, preferring to reside in the nearby Villa Barberini, which belonged to his nephew Taddeo Barberini. The first pontiff to vacation there was Pope Alexander VII, who completed the main façade and the western wing of the palace, works on which Gian Lorenzo Bernini worked.

However, starting in 1870, after the end of the Papal States, it was abandoned by the popes, like all the other residences they had outside of Rome, to be "locked up" in the Vatican as a sign of protest against the Italian State.

In 1929, after the creation of Vatican City State, the papal villas of Castel Gandolfo (to which the nearby Villa Barberini was added) were declared a papal extraterritorial domain and with Pius XI the palace of Castel Gandolfo once again became the summer residence of the popes.

Pope Pius XII died at the palace in 1958, as did Pope Paul VI in 1978.  Pope John Paul II had a swimming pool built at the palace, which was criticized by some. Paparazzi used the opportunity to take photos of him.

From February 28 to May 2, 2013, Pope Benedict XVI temporarily resided here after resigning from the Petrine ministry. Since April 2014, along with eleven other properties, it obtained the privilege of extraterritoriality and exemption from expropriations and taxes.

On October 21, 2016, by decision of Pope Francis, the palace ceased to be a papal summer residence and became a museum. However, after his death and the beginning of the pontificate of Pope Leo XIV, the palace was once again used as a summer residence.

## Other websites

- , slide show
- A History of the Popes and Castel Gandolfo

## Infobox (historic site)

- **name**: Palace of Castel Gandolfo
- **native name**: Palazzo Apostolico di Castel Gandolfo
- **native language**: it
- **image**: Pontifical Palace (Castel Gandolfo).jpg
- **locmapin**: Italy
- **area**: 135-acre
- **governing body**: Holy See
- **beginning label**: 13th century
- **caption**: The facade of the Apostolic Palace of Castel Gandolfo in 2015
Sarcoprion

***Sarcoprion*** is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid holocephalans from the Permian of Greenland. Like other eugeneodonts in the Helicoprionidae family such as _Agassizodus_ and _Helicoprion_, _Sarcoprion_ possessed tooth whorls on the symphysis of the jaw. Its only species is ***S. edax***.

## Classification

_Sarcoprion edax_ was first described in 1952, based on fossil remains found in Greenland in areas of land dating back to the end of the Permian.

## Description

_Sarcoprion_ had a thin, pointed snout with small tooth whorls. However, the tooth spiral had a significant size reduction and extent here compared to the other taxa. _Sarcoprion_ had two pectoral fins and a triangular dorsal fin on its top. Abdominal and anal fins were not present. Behind the lower jaw were five slightly curved gill slits.

The tooth whorl on the lower jaw bore sharp, compact tooth crowns, while a row of backward facing, triangular teeth was present on the roof of the mouth. The preserved material does not show evidence of a distinct upper jaw, implying it may have been fused to the cranium, reduced, or lost entirely.

The most complete known specimen of _Sarcoprion_ consists only of a partial cranium and lower jaws.

Unlike the more famous genus _Helicoprion_, the spiral was not complete but instead arranged in a semicircle.

## Behavior

Similar to today's mako sharks, _Sarcoprion_ may have reacted smaller, fairly fast-swimming prey. At high speed it grabbed his prey and clamped it between his rostrum and his lower jaw. With the tooth whorl, the prey was then sliced in sensitive areas.

## Related pages

- Edestus
- Helicoprion
- Romerodus
Rwanda Television

**Rwanda Television** (**RTV**, formerly **TVR**) is the oldest and main television channel in Rwanda. Owned by Rwandan Broadcasting Agency (RBA), which also owns Radio Rwanda, the channel airs programming in Rwanda's national language, Kinyarwanda.

### (RBA)-Rwanda Television

Rwanda Television is the first and main channel.

### (RBA)-Kigali Channel 2 (KC2)

KC2 is the second channel, focusing on entertainment and youth.

## Infobox (broadcasting network)

- **name**: RBA-Rwanda Television
- **network logo**: RTV LOGO 2014.png
- **type**: Public
- **airdate**: 31 December 1992
- **founded**: 1992
- **headquarters**: Kigali, Rwanda
- **broadcast area**: National
- **language**: English language, English
French language, French
Kinyarwanda
Swahili language, Swahili
- **owner**: Rwandan Broadcasting Agency (RBA)


## Infobox (broadcasting network)

- **network name**: RBA-Kigali Channel 2
- **network logo**: KC2 LOGO 2019.png
- **network logo size**: 190px
- **type**: Public
- **airdate**: mid 2019
- **founded**: 2019
José Magriñá

**José Antonio Magriñá Rodeiro** (14 December 1917 — 2 August 1988) was a Cuban footballer. He played for Cuba at the 1935 Central American and Caribbean Games and the 1938 FIFA World Cup, scoring a goal against Romania.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: José Magriñá
- **fullname**: José Antonio Magriñá Rodeiro
- **birth place**: Cuba
- **death place**: Cuba
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **clubs1**: Iberia Havana
- **clubs2**: Deportivo Centro Gallego, Centro Gallego
- **nationalteam1**: Cuba national football team, Cuba
- **nationalcaps1**: 5
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
BeTV

**BeTV** may refer to:

- BeTV (Asia Pacific), a cable and satellite TV channel in Asia-Pacific.
- BeTV (Belgium), a Belgian satellite group company.
- BeTV (Burundi), a private-owned Burundian TV channel in Bujumbura, the former capital city.
Birbal Negi

**Birbal Negi** was a military commander from the Kumaon Kingdom. He is known for leading 4,000 Kumaoni soldiers in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, where he fought alongside the Durrani Empire.

## Delhi court incident

After the battle, the Emperor in Delhi wished to meet the Kumaoni commanders. However, Rahmat Khan, feeling jealous, blocked this meeting. Instead, he gave gifts to Hari Ram Joshi in the Emperor’s name and sent him back to Kumaon. Rahmat Khan falsely claimed that the Kumaoni troops had already returned to the hills due to the heat in the plains.

Birbal Negi remains an important figure in Kumaon's military history for his role in the Panipat campaign and the events that followed.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Birbal Negi
- **allegiance**: Kumaon Kingdom, Durrani Empire
- **rank**: Commander
- **unit**: Kumaoni contingent
- **battles**: Third Battle of Panipat (1761)
Nantram Negi

**Nantram Negi** (also known as **Nati Ram Negi** or **Guldar**) (1756–1781) was a Jaunsari warrior from present-day Uttarakhand. He is remembered for his bravery in battles against the Mughal Empire and Rohilla forces.

## Early life

Nantram was born in Maleth (or Berat Khai) village in Jaunsar-Bawar. From a young age, he showed great skill in traditional combat and martial arts.

## Military career

He served under Raja Shamsher Prakash of Sirmaur and became a battalion commander. Nantram led attacks against Mughal forces near the Yamuna River and beheaded a Mughal commander, forcing the enemy to retreat.

In 1781, he attacked Rohilla forces at Rehri Sadar and killed their commander, Ghulam Qadir Khan. He was martyred in that battle.

## Legacy

Nantram is honored in Jaunsari folk culture. He is remembered in songs (_Harul_), dances (_Harul Rasa_), and rituals in local temples. He is widely known as "Veer Guldar."

## In popular culture

His story is told in songs like _Negi Nati Ram Harul_ and in regional programs and performances.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nantram Negi
- **caption**: Folk hero of Jaunsar-Bawar
- **birth date**: 1756
- **birth place**: Jaunsar-Bawar, Sirmur State, Sirmaur Kingdom (present-day Uttarakhand, India)
- **death date**: 1781
- **nationality**: Indian
- **occupation**: Commander, Military leader
- **known for**: Battles against Mughal and Rohilla forces
- **title**: Veer Guldar
Palais des congrès de Paris

The **Palais des congrès de Paris**, in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, is a business, congress and exhibition center of the capital, located at the Porte Maillot, on the border between Paris, the Bois de Boulogne and Neuilly-sur-Seine. The Palais des Congrès is part of the same complex as a skyscraper, the Hôtel Hyatt Regency Paris Étoile.

The Palais des Congrès is, first and foremost, as its name suggests, a major commercial center with halls, shops, restaurants, meeting rooms and exhibition spaces.

## Other websites

- Palais des congrès de Paris

## Infobox (museum)

- **name**: Palais des congrès de Paris
- **logo**: Logo Palais des congrès de Paris.svg
- **image**: L'escalier du Palais des Congrés à Paris.jpg
- **location**: 2 Place de la Pte Maillot, 75017 Paris
- **type**: Building
- **publictransit**: *Paris Métro Line 1, Porte Maillot (Paris Métro)
- **website**: [https://experiences.viparis.com/lieux/palais-des-congres-de-paris Palais des congrès de Paris]
Vatican Observatory

The **Vatican Observatory** (Italian: _Specola Vaticana_) is an astronomical research institution. Its chief, works for the papacy.

The research institution is subordinate to the papacy and recognized as one of the oldest astronomical observatories in the world.

## Overview

All its researchers are Jesuits who also have training, most of them doctorates, in astronomy. Its current director is the American, Guy Consolmagno. The observatory holds a summer school every two years in which astronomy students from all over the world spend a month in Castel Gandolfo studying a particular topic.

Currently, it has two operational headquarters: the main group of researchers makes up the Vatican Observatory Research Group, located at the facilities of the Steward Observatory of the University of Arizona in the United States, while the headquarters is located in the Palace of Castel Gandolfo, Italy. The latter shares a building with the papal residence in said town, providing a favorable environment for scientific research.

## Leadership

- Francesco Denza, B (1891–1894)
- Giuseppe Lais, CO (1894–1898)
- Ángel Rodríguez de Prada, OSA (1898-1905)
- Johann Georg Hagen, SJ (1906–1930)
- Johan Stein, SJ (1930–1951)
- Daniel Joseph Kelly O'Connell, SJ (1952–1971)
- Patrick Treanor, SJ (1971–1978)
- George Coyne, SJ (1978–2006)
- José Gabriel Funes, SJ (19 August 2006 – 18 September 2015)
- Guy Consolmagno, SJ (18 September 2015 –19 September 2025)
- Anthony D’Souza, SJ (19 September 2025 –present)

## Infobox (observatory)

- **locmapin**: Italy
1st National Television Awards

The **1st National Television Awards** was at the Wembley Conference Centre. It was on 29 August 1995. The show was hosted by Eamonn Holmes.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Nominations|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Most Popular Actor|Robson Green (_Soldier Soldier_)|Ross Kemp (_EastEnders_) Robbie Coltrane (_Cracker_) David Jason (_A Touch of Frost_) Nick Berry (_Heartbeat_)|
|Most Popular Actress|Anna Friel (_Brookside_)|Helen Mirren (_Prime Suspect_) Julie Goodyear (_Coronation Street_) Letitia Dean (_EastEnders_) Melissa George (_Home and Away_)|
|Most Popular Drama Programme|_Soldier Soldier_ (ITV)|_Casualty_ (BBC1) _Band of Gold_ (ITV) _Heartbeat_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama|_Coronation Street_ (ITV)|_EastEnders_ (BBC1) _Emmerdale_ (ITV) _Brookside_ (Channel 4) _Home and Away_ (ITV/Seven Network) _Neighbours_ (BBC1/Network Ten)|
|Most Popular Talk Show|_Des O'Connor Tonight_ (ITV)|_The Oprah Winfrey Show_ (BBC2/Syndicated) _The Clive James Show_ (ITV) _Vanessa_ (BBC1)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter|Michael Barrymore|Noel Edmonds Shane Richie Chris Evans|
|Most Popular Factual Entertainment Show|_Animal Hospital_ (BBC1)|_The Big Breakfast_ (Channel 4) _Antiques Roadshow_ (BBC1) _This Morning_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Quiz Programme|_Strike It Lucky_ (ITV)|_Big Break_ (BBC1) _Play Your Cards Right_ (ITV) _Have I Got News For You_ (BBC2)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme|_Men Behaving Badly_ (BBC1)|_Mr. Bean_ (ITV) _Absolutely Fabulous_ (BBC1) _Birds of a Feather_ (BBC1)|
|Most Popular Comedy Performer|Brian Conley|Rowan Atkinson Joanna Lumley Richard Wilson|
|Most Popular Newcomer|Angela Griffin (_Coronation Street_)|Jacqueline Pirie (_Emmerdale_) Ian Kelsey (_Emmerdale_) Patsy Palmer (_EastEnders_)|
|The Top Young People's Programme|_Top of the Pops_ (BBC1)|_Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman_ (BBC1/ABC) _All New Baywatch_ (ITV/Syndicated) _Byker Grove_ (BBC1) _The Crystal Maze_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Family Programme|_Barrymore_ (ITV)|_Gladiators_ (ITV) _The Brian Conley Show_ (ITV) _Noel's House Party_ (BBC1)|
|Special Recognition Award|colspan="2"|Julie Goodyear|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 1st National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Eamonn Holmes
- **location**: Wembley Conference Centre, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 2nd National Television Awards, 1996
Telmatobius carrillae

The **Ancash water frog** (_Telmatobius carrillae_) is a frog.  It lives in Peru.

## Home

This frog lives in streams in puna places and rivers where the water is slow. Scientists saw this frog between 3680 and 4818 meters above sea level.

Scientists think the frog might live in Huascarán National Park but they have not written about seeing it there.

## Young

The frog has young in streams and rivers. Scientists think this frog has young all year.

## People

People catch frogs in _Telmatobius_ to sell and eat.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in some danger. Bad chemicals from mines can hurt this frog. Scientists think the fungal disease chytridiomycosis could kill the frog, but they have not found the fungus _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_ on the frog yet.
8th National Television Awards

The **8th National Television Awards** was at the Royal Albert Hall on 15 October 2002. The show was hosted by Trevor McDonald.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Nominations|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Most Popular Actor|David Jason (DI Jack Frost, _A Touch of Frost_)|John Thaw (Harry, _Buried Treasure_) Perry Fenwick (Billy Mitchell, _EastEnders_) Steve McFadden (Phil Mitchell, _EastEnders_) Alex Ferns (Trevor Morgan, _EastEnders_)|
|Most Popular Actress|Kacey Ainsworth (Little Mo Mitchell, _EastEnders_)|Jessie Wallace (Kat Slater, _EastEnders_) Julie Walters (Sheila Fitzpatrick, _My Beautiful Son_) Leah Bracknell (Zoe Tate, _Emmerdale_) Pauline Quirke (Faith Addis, _Down to Earth_)|
|Most Popular Drama|_Auf Wiedersehen, Pet_ (BBC One)|_Bad Girls_ (ITV) _Casualty_ (BBC One) _A Touch of Frost_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama|_EastEnders_ (BBC One)|_Brookside_ (Channel 4) _Coronation Street_ (ITV) _Emmerdale_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Programme|_Pop Idol_ (ITV)|_Another Audience with Ken Dodd_ (ITV) _Stars in Their Eyes_ (ITV) _The Simpsons_ (BBC Two/Fox)|
|Most Popular Talk Show|_V Graham Norton_ (Channel 4)|_Des O'Connor Tonight_ (ITV) _Parkinson_ (BBC One) _The Kumars at No 42_ (BBC Two)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter|Ant & Dec (_Pop Idol_)|Davina McCall (_Big Brother_) Graham Norton (_V Graham Norton_) Lily Savage (_Lily Savage's Blankety Blank_)|
|Most Popular Daytime Programme|_Bargain Hunt_ (BBC One)|_Countdown_ (Channel 4) _GMTV_ (ITV) _Neighbours_ (BBC One/Network Ten)|
|Most Popular Quiz Programme|_Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?_ (ITV)|_A Question of Sport_ (BBC One) _The Weakest Link_ (BBC Two) _They Think It's All Over_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme|_Cold Feet_ (ITV)|_Barbara_ (ITV1) _Friends_ (Channel 4/NBC) _Only Fools and Horses_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Comedy Performer|David Jason (_Only Fools and Horses_)|Alistair McGowan (_Alistair McGowan's Big Impression_) Billy Connolly (_Billy Connolly's World Tour_) Dawn French (_Ted and Alice_) Kathy Burke (_Gimme Gimme Gimme_)|
|Most Popular Factual Programme|_Big Brother_ (Channel 4)|_Animal Hospital_ (BBC One) _Crimewatch UK_ (BBC One) _The Blue Planet_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Newcomer|Kim Medcalf (_EastEnders_)|Brian Capron (_Coronation Street_) Diane Parish (_The Bill_) Emily Symons (_Emmerdale_) Sammy Winward (_Emmerdale_)|
|Special Recognition Award|colspan="2"|Ant & Dec|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 8th National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Trevor McDonald
- **location**: Royal Albert Hall, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **previous**: 7th National Television Awards, 2001
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 9th National Television Awards, 2003
9th National Television Awards

The **9th National Television Awards** was at the Royal Albert Hall on 28 October 2003. The show was hosted by Trevor McDonald.

At the end of the show, Trevor McDonald, won the Special Recognition Award from the Prime Minister Tony Blair.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Also nominated|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Most Popular Actor|Shane Richie (Alfie Moon, _EastEnders_)|Brian Capron (Richard Hillman, _Coronation Street_) David Jason (DI Jack Frost, _A Touch of Frost_) Jason Merrells (Gavin Ferraday, _Cutting It_) Martin Clunes (William Shawcross, _William and Mary_)|
|Most Popular Actress|Jessie Wallace (Kat Slater, _EastEnders_)|Amanda Burton (Sam Ryan, _Silent Witness_) Amanda Redman (Alison Braithwaite, _At Home with the Braithwaites_) Sarah Parish (Allie Henshall, _Cutting It_) Suranne Jones (Karen McDonald, _Coronation Street_)|
|Most Popular Drama|_A Touch of Frost_ (ITV)|_Bad Girls_ (ITV) _Cutting It_ (BBC One) _The Bill_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama|_EastEnders_ (BBC One)|_Coronation Street_ (ITV) _Emmerdale_ (ITV) _Hollyoaks_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Programme|_Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway_ (ITV)|_Friday Night with Jonathan Ross_ (BBC One) _The Osbournes_ (Channel 4/MTV) _V Graham Norton_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Reality Programme|_I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!_ (ITV)|_Big Brother_ (Channel 4) _Jamie's Kitchen_ (Channel 4) _SAS – Are You Tough Enough?_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter|Ant & Dec|Davina McCall Graham Norton Jonathan Ross|
|Most Popular Quiz Programme Presented by Cat Deeley|_Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?_ (ITV)|_A Question of Sport_ (BBC One) _Have I Got News for You_ (BBC One) _The Weakest Link_ (BBC Two) _They Think It's All Over_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme|_My Family_ (BBC One)|_Cold Feet_ (ITV) _Friends_ (Channel 4/NBC) _Last of the Summer Wine_ (BBC)|
|Most Popular Factual Programme|_GMTV_ (ITV)|_A Life of Grime_ (BBC One) _Antiques Roadshow_ (BBC One) _Bargain Hunt_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Comedy Performer|James Nesbitt (_Cold Feet_)|Alistair McGowan (_Alistair McGowan's Big Impression_) Dawn French (_Wild West_) Robert Lindsay (_My Family_)|
|Most Popular Newcomer|Nigel Harman (_EastEnders_)|Charley Webb (_Emmerdale_) Daniel MacPherson (_The Bill_) Kate Ford (_Coronation Street_) Zoe Taylor (_The Royal_)|
|Special Recognition Award|colspan="2"|Sir Trevor McDonald|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 9th National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Trevor McDonald
- **location**: Royal Albert Hall, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **previous**: 8th National Television Awards, 2002
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 10th National Television Awards, 2004
10th National Television Awards

The **10th National Television Awards** was at the Royal Albert Hall on 26 October 2004. The show was hosted by Trevor McDonald.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Nominations|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Most Popular Actor|David Jason (DI Jack Frost, _A Touch of Frost_)|Bruno Langley (Todd Grimshaw, _Coronation Street_) James Nesbitt (Nick Zakian, _The Canterbury Tales_) Nigel Harman (Dennis Rickman, _EastEnders_) Shane Richie (Alfie Moon, _EastEnders_)|
|Most Popular Actress|Suranne Jones (Karen McDonald, _Coronation Street_)|Tina O'Brien (Sarah Platt, _Coronation Street_) Caroline Quentin (Maggie Mee, _Life Begins_) Jessie Wallace (Kat Slater, _EastEnders_) Zöe Lucker (Tanya Turner, _Footballers' Wives_)|
|Most Popular Drama|_The Bill_ (ITV)|_Bad Girls_ (ITV) _CSI: Crime Scene Investigation_ (Channel 5/CBS) _Footballers' Wives_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama|_Coronation Street_ (ITV)|_EastEnders_ (BBC One) _Emmerdale_ (ITV) _Hollyoaks_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Programme|_Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway_ (ITV)|_Strictly Come Dancing_ (BBC One) _Friday Night with Jonathan Ross_ (BBC One) _Pop Idol_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Reality Programme|_Big Brother_ (Channel 4)|_Hell's Kitchen_ (ITV) _I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!_ (ITV) _SAS Desert – Are You Tough Enough?_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter|Ant & Dec (_Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway_)|Davina McCall (_Big Brother_) Dermot O'Leary (_Big Brother's Little Brother_) Jonathan Ross (_Friday Night with Jonathan Ross_)|
|Most Popular Daytime Programme|_This Morning_ (ITV)|_Neighbours_ (BBC One/Network Ten) _GMTV_ (ITV) _Richard & Judy_ (Channel 4) _Today with Des and Mel_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Quiz Programme|_Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?_ (ITV)|_A Question of Sport_ (BBC One) _Have I Got News for You_ (BBC One) _The Vault_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme|_Little Britain_ (BBC Three)|_Friends_ (Channel 4/NBC) _Last of the Summer Wine_ (BBC One) _My Family_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Factual Programme|_Wife Swap_ (Channel 4)|_Crimewatch UK_ (BBC One) _Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares_ (Channel 4) _Top Gear_ (BBC Two)|
|Most Popular Newcomer|Sam Aston (_Coronation Street_)|Honeysuckle Weeks (_Foyle's War_) Patsy Kensit (_Emmerdale_) Tracy-Ann Oberman (_EastEnders_)|
|Most Popular Sporting Moment|colspan="2"|Jonny Wilkinson wins the Rugby World Cup|
|Special Recognition Award|colspan="2"|Caroline Quentin|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 10th National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Trevor McDonald
- **location**: Royal Albert Hall, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **previous**: 9th National Television Awards, 2003
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 11th National Television Awards, 2005
13th National Television Awards

The **13th National Television Awards** was at the Royal Albert Hall on 31 October 2007. The show was hosted by Trevor McDonald.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Nominations|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Most Popular Actor <small>Presented by Amanda Holden</small>|David Tennant (_Doctor Who_)|Antony Cotton (_Coronation Street_) Charlie Clements (_EastEnders_) James Sutton (_Hollyoaks_)|
|Most Popular Actress|Lacey Turner (_EastEnders_)|Sue Cleaver (_Coronation Street_) Kara Tointon (_EastEnders_) Freema Agyeman (_Doctor Who_)|
|Most Popular Drama|_Doctor Who_ (BBC One)|_The Bill_ (ITV) _Shameless_ (Channel 4) _Life on Mars_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama <small>Presented by Al Murray</small>|_EastEnders_ (BBC One)|_Coronation Street_ (ITV) _Emmerdale_ (ITV) _Hollyoaks_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Programme|_Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway_ (ITV)|_An Audience with Take That Live_ (ITV) _Friday Night with Jonathan Ross_ (BBC One) _Deal or No Deal_ (Channel 4) _8 Out of 10 Cats_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Reality Programme <small> Presented by Kelly Brook and Brendan Cole</small>|_I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!_ (ITV)|_Shipwrecked: Battle of the Islands_ (Channel 4) _The Apprentice_ (BBC Two) _Big Brother_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter <small> Presented by Sharon Osbourne</small>|Ant & Dec|Fern Britton Jonathan Ross Graham Norton Paul O'Grady|
|Most Popular Talent Show <small>Presented by Darcey Bussell and Katherine Jenkins</small>|_The X Factor_ (ITV)|_Any Dream Will Do_ (BBC One) _Dancing on Ice_ (ITV) _Britain's Got Talent_ (ITV) _Strictly Come Dancing_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme <small>Presented by Matt Lucas and David Walliams as Lou and Andy</small>|_The Catherine Tate Show_ (BBC Two)|_My Family_ (BBC One) _Ugly Betty_ (Channel 4/ABC) _Harry Hill's TV Burp_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Factual Programme <small>Presented by Kirsty Young</small>|_Top Gear_ (BBC Two)|_This Morning_ (ITV) _The Jeremy Kyle Show_ (ITV) _The F Word_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Newcomer <small> Presented by Jake Wood and Charlie Clements</small>|Kym Ryder (_Coronation Street_)|Joseph Gilgun (_Emmerdale_) Gemma Merna (_Hollyoaks_) Jo Joyner (_EastEnders_)|
|Special Recognition Award <small>Presented by Lewis Hamilton</small>|colspan="2"|Jeremy Clarkson|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 13th National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Trevor McDonald
- **location**: Royal Albert Hall, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **runtime**: 120 minutes
- **previous**: 12th National Television Awards, 2006
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 14th National Television Awards, 2008
15th National Television Awards

The **15th National Television Awards** was at The O2 Arena on 20 January 2010. This was the first time that the awards were at the O2 Arena. It was also the first time the show was hosted by Dermot O'Leary.

## Awards

|Category|Winner|Nominations|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Outstanding Serial Drama Performance|Lacey Turner (Stacey Slater, _EastEnders_)|Katherine Kelly (Becky McDonald, _Coronation Street_) Simon Gregson (Steve McDonald, _Coronation Street_) Gray O'Brien (Tony Gordon, _Coronation Street_)|
|Outstanding Drama Performance|David Tennant (_Doctor Who_)|Philip Glenister (_Ashes to Ashes_) David Jason (_A Touch of Frost_) David Threlfall (_Shameless_)|
|Most Popular Drama <small>Presented by John Terry</small>|_Doctor Who_ (BBC One)|_The Bill_ (ITV) _Shameless_ (Channel 4) _Casualty_ (BBC One)|
|Most Popular Serial Drama <small>Presented by Joe McElderry</small>|_Coronation Street_ (ITV)|_EastEnders_ (BBC One) _Emmerdale_ (ITV) _Hollyoaks_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Star Travel Documentary <small>Presented by David Tennant</small>|_Stephen Fry in America_ (BBC One)|_Billy Connolly: Journey to the Edge of the World_ (ITV) _Joanna Lumley in the Land of the Northern Lights_ (ITV) _Piers Morgan On... Dubai_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Programme <small>Presented by Tess Daley and Danni Minogue</small>|_Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway_ (ITV)|_The Paul O'Grady Show_ (Channel 4) _I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!_ (ITV) _Big Brother_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Entertainment Presenter|Ant & Dec|Holly Willoughby Michael McIntyre Paul O'Grady|
|Most Popular Talent Show <small>Presented by Arlene Phillips</small>|_The X Factor_ (ITV)|_Strictly Come Dancing_ (BBC One) _Dancing on Ice_ (ITV) _Britain's Got Talent_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Comedy Programme|_Gavin & Stacey_ (BBC One)|_Benidorm_ (ITV) _The Inbetweeners_ (E4) _Harry Hill's TV Burp_ (ITV)|
|Most Popular Factual Programme <small>Presented by Christine Bleakley and Adrian Chiles</small>|_Loose Women_ (ITV)|_Top Gear_ (BBC Two) _The Apprentice_ (BBC One) _Come Dine with Me_ (Channel 4)|
|Most Popular Newcomer|Craig Gazey (Graeme Proctor, _Coronation Street_)|Neil McDermott (Ryan Malloy, _EastEnders_) James Sutton (Ryan Lamb, _Emmerdale_) Bronagh Waugh (Cheryl Brady, _Hollyoaks_)|
|Special Recognition Award <small>Presented by Bamber Gascoigne</small>|colspan="2"|Stephen Fry|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 15th National Television Awards
- **presenter**: Various
- **host**: Dermot O'Leary
- **location**: The O2 Arena, London
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **website**: http://www.nationaltvawards.com/
- **network**: ITV (TV network), ITV
- **runtime**: 150 minutes
- **previous**: 14th National Television Awards, 2008
- **main**: National Television Awards
- **next**: 16th National Television Awards, 2011
Space Chair

***Space Chair*** is a British television advertisement. It was made by Toshiba in 2009 to promote its Regza SD LCD televisions. The advertisement was a 60-second long video that was about a chair in near space. The chair was with a weather balloon. The chair was at .

## Other websites

- First version of the commercial, promoting the Regza LCD television
- Second version of the commercial, promoting the Satellite laptop
- _Escape vehicle no 6_, the art project on which _Space Chair_ was based
- _ Space Chair (Toshiba) verses Escape Vehicle No 6 (Simon Faithfull)_, YouTube comparison of Space Chair and Escape Vehicle on same screen

## Infobox (tv advert)

- **name**: Space Chair
- **client**: Toshiba
- **product**: Regza SD LCD television
Toshiba Satellite, Satellite T130 laptop computer
- **agency**: Grey Global Group, Grey London
- **director**: Andy Amadeo
- **production company**: Hungry Man (production company), Hungry Man
- **producer**: Matt Buels
- **concept**: Simon Faithfull
- **runtime**: 60 seconds
- **language**: English
- **budget**: £3,000,000 (campaign)
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **preceded by**: _Time Sculpture_
- **website**: http://www.toshiba.co.uk/innovation