juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Phil Samis

**Philip Lawrence Samis** (December 28, 1927 – January 11, 2022) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He was a defenceman. He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League (NHL). He helped the Maple Leafs win the 1948 Stanley Cup. He also played in the American Hockey League (AHL) for the Pittsburgh Hornets and the Cleveland Barons. He helped Cleveland win the Calder Cup in 1951. He retired from hockey in 1953.

Samis was born in Edmonton, Alberta. After his playing career, he worked as a dentist.

Samis died on January 11, 2022, at a hospital in Greater Napanee, Ontario. He was 94.

## Other websites

- Phil Samis at HHOF.com
Michael Caputo

**Michael Raymon Caputo** (born March 24, 1962) is an American political analyst and lobbyist. He was born in Buffalo, New York. Caputo is a member of the Republican Party. In April 2020, he became the Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Public Affairs.

In September 2020, it was announced that Caputo was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma that had spread from his throat to his neck and head.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Michael Caputo
- **image**: Michael R. Caputo official photo.jpg
- **president1**: Donald Trump
- **office1**: Assistant Secretary of United States Department of Health and Human Services, Health and Human Services for Public Affairs
- **1namedata1**: Alex Azar
- **predecessor1**: Ryan Murphy (acting)
- **successor1**: Mark Weber (acting)
- **term start1**: April 16, 2020
- **term end1**: January 20, 2021
- **birth name**: Michael Raymon Caputo
- **birth place**: Buffalo, New York, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **education**: University at Buffalo (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
- **occupation**: Republican political strategist and media consultant
- **known for**: Reagan Administration adviser
George H. W. Bush campaign adviser
Carl Paladino campaign manager
Boris Yeltsin adviser
Vladimir Putin media consultant
Donald Trump campaign adviser
Squamous-cell carcinoma

**Squamous cell carcinomas** (SCCs),  also known as **epidermoid carcinomas**, is made up of a number of different types of cancer that result from squamous cells.

These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts.

## Types

- Squamous cell skin cancer: A type of skin cancer
- Squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung: A type of lung cancer
- Squamous cell thyroid carcinoma: A type of thyroid cancer
- Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A type of esophageal cancer
- Squamous-cell carcinoma of the vagina: A type of vaginal cancer
Karl-Günther von Hase

**Karl-Günther von Hase** (15 December 1917 – 9 May 2021) was a former German diplomat. He served as Ambassador of West Germany to the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1977. He also served as director-general (intendant) of the ZDF, the German public-service television broadcaster, from 1977 to 1982.

Von Hase was born in Gut Wangern, Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia. That area is now in Wrocław, a city in western Poland. He was married to Renate Stumpff, the daughter of general Hans-Jürgen Stumpff. The couple had five children. Hase turned 100 in December 2017 and died in May 2021 at the age of 103.
John Daly (golfer)

**John Patrick Daly** (born April 28, 1966) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour. He was born in Carmichael, California.

His two greatest moments of his career are his "zero to hero" victory in the 1991 PGA Championship, and his playoff victory over Costantino Rocca in the 1995 Open Championship.

In September 2020, Daly was diagnosed with bladder cancer.
Ma Rainey

**Gertrude** "**Ma**" **Rainey** (born **Gertrude Pridgett**, April 26, 1886 – December 22, 1939) was an American blues singer. She was one of the first generation of blues singers to record.

Rainey was known as The "Mother of the Blues".

Her first recording was made in 1923. In the next five years, she made over 100 recordings, including "Bo-Weevil Blues" (1923), "Moonshine Blues" (1923), "See See Rider Blues" (1924), "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" (1927), and "Soon This Morning" (1927).

Rainey died on December 22, 1939 in Rome, Georgia from a heart attack, aged 53.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Ma Rainey
- **image**: MaRainey.jpg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Gertrude Pridgett
- **birth place**: Columbus, Georgia, U.S.
- **death place**: Rome, Georgia, U.S.
- **years active**: 1899–1933
- **occupation**: Singing, Vocalist
- **label**: Paramount Records, Paramount
Bryant Burns

**Bryant Robert Burns** (born 24 March 1929) is an Australian politician. He is a member of the Labor Party. He served as a Senator for Queensland from 1987 until his retirement in 1996.

Burns was born in Rockhampton, Queensland. He married Lorraine in 1953. The couple had seven children. After his first wife's death, he married his second wife, Annette.
Trackless train

A **trackless train** is a bus made to look like a train. It has many carriages and often looks like a steam train.
Bill Nankivell

**William Field Nankivell** (born 7 September 1923) is a former Australian politician. He was a member of the Liberal Party. He represented the South Australian House of Assembly seats of Albert (1959–1970) and Mallee (1970–1979). He was a member of the Parliamentary Committee on Land Settlement (1963–1968), Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works (1968–1973) and Public Accounts Committee (1973–1977)

Nankivell was born in Mount Gambier, South Australia. He served in the Royal Australian Air Force during World War II from 1944 to 1945.
Pericarp

Many seed plant<nowiki/>s have edible fruit. The part of the fruit outside the structure which contains the seeds, is called **pericarp**. Very often it corresponds to the part of the fruit that is eaten.
Vern Law

**Vernon Sanders Law** (born March 12, 1930) is an American former baseball pitcher. He played sixteen seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates. During his years at Pittsburgh, 1950 to 1951 and 1954 to 1967, he became a World Series champion (1960) and a two-time All-Star.

Law was born in Meridian, Idaho. He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. His son, Vance (born 1956), played for many MLB teams.
The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit

***The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit*** is a 1956 American drama movie directed by Nunnally Johnson and was based on the 1955 novel of the same name by Sloan Wilson. It stars Gregory Peck, Jennifer Jones, Fredric March, Marisa Pavan, Lee J. Cobb, Arthur O'Connell, Keenan Wynn, Connie Gilchrist and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Phil Gould

**Philip** or **Phil Gould** may also refer to:

- Philip Gould, Baron Gould of Brookwood (1950–2011), British political consultant and advertising executive
- Phil Gould (musician) (born 1957), British drummer, songwriter and singer
- Phil Gould (rugby league) (born 1958), Australian rugby league broadcaster, journalist, administrator and former player and coach
Homer Rice

**Homer C. Rice** (February 20, 1927 – June 10, 2024) was an American football player, coach and college athletics administrator. He was born in Bellevue, Kentucky. While serving as the athletic director of Georgia Tech, Rice developed the "Total Person Program" which is now the model for NCAA Life Skills program that is in place at universities throughout the United States. He was also head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL) from 1978 to 1979.

Rice died on June 10, 2024 at the age of 97.

## Other websites

- Homer Rice at Pro-Football-Reference.com
Tones and I

**Toni Watson**, better known as **Tones and I** (born 13 May 1993), is an Australian singer and songwriter. Her second single, "Dance Monkey", was released in May 2019. It reached number one in over 30 countries. Later, in November 2019, she broke the record for the most weeks at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart by any artist with 16 weeks. By mid-January 2020, "Dance Monkey" had spent its 24th and final week at the top spot. The single beat Bing Crosby's all-time Australian record for his version of "White Christmas", which spent 22 weeks at number one. Her first extended play, _The Kids Are Coming_, was released in August 2019.

Tones and I was born in Mount Martha on the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria. Her year of birth is not widely known, with it being reported as either 1993 or 2000.
Carla Federica Nespolo

**Carla Federica Nespolo** (4 March 1943 – 4 October 2020) was an Italian politician. She was the President of National Association of Italian Partisans from 2017 until her death. She was a member of the Italian Parliament between 1976 to 1992. Nespolo was born in Novara, Italy. She was a member of the Italian Communist Party.

Nespolo died on 4 October 2020 from a long-illness, aged 77.
Michael Houghton

**Michael Houghton** (born 1949) is a British scientist. He co-discovered Hepatitis C in 1989. He also co-discovered the Hepatitis D genome in 1986.

He is the co-recipient of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Michael Houghton
- **image**: Prof Michael Houghton.jpg
- **fields**: Microbiology
Virology
- **workplaces**: University of Alberta
Chiron Corporation
- **alma mater**: University of East Anglia
King's College London
- **thesis title**: RNA Polymerases and Transcription in the Chicken Oviduct
- **thesis url**: http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.459749
- **thesis year**: 1977
- **doctoral advisor**: James Chesterton
- **known for**: Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D
- **awards**: Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award (1992)
Robert Koch Prize (1993)
William Beaumont Prize (1994)
Lasker Award (2000)
Gairdner Foundation International Award (2013 – declined)
Nobel Prize for Medicine (2020)
Hepatitis D

**Hepatitis D** is a type of viral hepatitis caused by the **hepatitis delta virus** (**HDV**), a small particle that is like viroid and virusoid (plant viruses) that affects the liver, mainly the liver.

HDV is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. HDV is considered to be a satellite because it can appear if the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is present. It is said to be "defective" because it needs the hepatitis B virus to produce symptoms, otherwise it is harmless. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recently classified HDV as a class 1 carcinogen. It can cause liver cancer and liver cirrhosis.
Hepatitis E

**Hepatitis E** is inflammation of the liver caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV); it is a type of viral hepatitis.

Hepatitis E has mainly a fecal-oral transmission that is similar to hepatitis A, but the viruses are unrelated.

The earliest known epidemic of hepatitis E happened in 1955 in New Delhi, but the virus was not discovered until 1983, by Russian scientists investigating an outbreak in Afghanistan.

One of five known human hepatitis viruses: hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E.
Charles M. Rice

**Charles M. Rice** (born August 25, 1952) is an American virologist. His main area of research is hepatitis C virus. He is a professor of virology at the Rockefeller University. He was born in Sacramento, California.

Rice is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, member of the National Academy of Sciences and was president of the American Society for Virology from 2002 to 2003.

Along with Michael Houghton and Harvey J. Alter, he was awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
2020 New Caledonian independence referendum

An independence referendum was held in New Caledonia on 4 October 2020. Independence was rejected, with 53.26% of voters choosing against such a change. Turnout was 85.64%.

In accordance with the Nouméa Accord, New Caledonians are allowed up to three referendums on independence; the first in 2018, then two more in 2020 and 2022 if the previous ones had not resulted in independence, but one-third of members of the Congress of New Caledonia voted for another one. The first was held in November 2018, with voters rejecting independence by 57–43%.

In 2019, members of the Caledonian Union, Future with Confidence, the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) and the National Union for Independence requested another referendum be held.
Bob Wilson

**Bob Wilson** may refer to:

## Association footballers

- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1867) (1867–?), Irish international footballer of the 1880s
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1928) (1928–2006), English footballer for Preston North End and Tranmere Rovers
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1934), Scottish footballer for Norwich City and Gillingham
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1941), Scottish international football goalkeeper for Arsenal; later a broadcaster
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1943), English football goalkeeper
- Bob Wilson (New Zealand footballer), New Zealand international football (soccer) player

## Other sports players

- Bob Wilson (basketball) (1926–2014), American professional basketball player
- Robert Wilson (rugby league) (1879–1916), English rugby player of early 20th century
- Bob Wilson (rugby union) (1926–1985), Scotland international rugby union player
- Bob Wilson (baseball) (1925–1985), played for the 1958 L.A. Dodgers
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1907) (1907–1982), Australian rules footballer for Richmond
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1898) (1898–1986), Australian rules footballer for Carlton
- Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1945), former Australian rules footballer for Essendon
- Bob Wilson (cricketer) (born 1928), English cricketer
- Bob Wilson (American football) (1913–1999), American football player
- Bob Wilson (ice hockey) (born 1934), Canadian ice hockey player

## Other

- Bob Wilson (cartoonist) (born 1942), British cartoonist of the _Stanley Bagshaw_ series of children's cartoons
- Bob Wilson (economist) (born 1937), American economist and professor at Stanford University
- Bob Wilson (sportscaster) (1929–2015), former radio sportscaster for the Boston Bruins
- Bob Wilson (politician) (1916–1999), U.S. Representative from California
- Bob Wilson (singer) (born c. 1940), Californian singer-guitarist, first to record "(And Her Name Is) Scarlet"
- Robert Tudawali, Australian actor also known as Bob or Bobby Wilson
- The protagonist of Robert Heinlein's science fiction story "By His Bootstraps"

## Related pages

- Bob Wilson (Fatal Fury), fictional character from the _Fatal Fury_ series video games
- "Bob Wilson - Anchorman", a 2001 song by English indie rock band Half Man Half Biscuit
- Robert Wilson (disambiguation)
- Bobby Wilson (disambiguation)
- Bob Willson (born 1928), TV host
Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1943)

**Robert John Wilson** (23 May 1943 – October 2020) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Birmingham, England. He played for Aston Villa, Cardiff City and for Exeter City. His career lasted from 1961 to 1976.

Wilson died in October 2020 at the age of 77.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Bob Wilson
- **fullname**: Robert John Wilson
- **birth place**: Birmingham, England
- **death place**: Exeter, Devon, England
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1958–1961
- **youthclubs1**: Aston Villa F.C., Aston Villa
- **years1**: 1961–1964
- **years2**: 1964–1970
- **years3**: 1969
- **years4**: 1970–1976
- **clubs1**: Aston Villa F.C., Aston Villa
- **clubs2**: Cardiff City F.C., Cardiff City
- **clubs3**: → Bristol City F.C., Bristol City (loan)
- **clubs4**: Exeter City F.C., Exeter City
- **caps1**: 9
- **caps2**: 115
- **caps3**: 1
- **caps4**: 205
- **goals1**: 0
- **goals2**: 0
- **goals3**: 0
- **goals4**: 0
Bob Wilson (cricketer)

**Robert Colin Wilson**  (born 18 February 1928), known as **Bob Wilson**, is an English cricketer. He played for Kent from 1952 to 1967. He was born in Bapchild, Kent. He appeared in 365 first-class cricket matches for the county.
Bob Wilson (footballer, born 1934)

**Robert Smail Whitelaw "Bob" Wilson** (29 June 1934 – 24 October 2025) was a Scottish professional footballer. He was a half-back. He began his professional career with Aberdeen, before going on to play for a number of English clubs.

He was captain of the original incarnation of Accrington Stanley when the club resigned from The Football League in 1962.

Wilson died on 24 October 2025 at the age of 91.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Bob Wilson
- **fullname**: Robert Smail Whitelaw Wilson
- **birth place**: Musselburgh, Scotland
- **position**: Midfielder, Wing-half
- **youthclubs1**: Musselburgh Athletic F.C., Musselburgh Athletic
- **years1**: 1954–1957
- **years2**: 1957–1960
- **years3**: 1960–1961
- **years4**: 1961–1962
- **years5**: 1962–1963
- **years6**: 1963–
- **clubs1**: Aberdeen F.C., Aberdeen
- **clubs2**: Norwich City F.C., Norwich City
- **clubs3**: Gillingham F.C., Gillingham
- **clubs4**: Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891), Accrington Stanley
- **clubs5**: Chester City F.C., Chester City
- **clubs6**: GKN Sankey F.C., GKN Sankey
- **caps1**: 20
- **goals1**: 1
- **caps2**: 62
- **goals2**: 0
- **caps3**: 35
- **goals3**: 0
- **caps5**: 15
- **goals5**: 0
Bob Wilson (ice hockey)

**Robert Wayne Wilson** (born February 18, 1934) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in one National Hockey League game for the Chicago Black Hawks from 1953 to 1954. He was born in Sudbury, Ontario.
Robert B. Wilson

**Robert Butler "Bob" Wilson, Jr.** (born May 16, 1937) is an American economist.

He is the Adams Distinguished Professor of Management, Emeritus at Stanford University. He is known for his works to management science and business economics.

His works helped change the economics of industrial organization and organization theory using non-cooperative game theory. His research on nonlinear pricing has played an important role for large firms, particularly in the energy industry, especially electricity.

In 2020, he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences alongside Paul Milgrom "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats".

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Robert B. Wilson
- **birth name**: Robert Butler Wilson
- **birth place**: Geneva, Nebraska, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: Harvard University
- **doctoral advisor**: Howard Raiffa
- **doctoral students**: Claude d'Aspremont Lynden
Bengt R. Holmström
Paul Milgrom
Jean-Pierre Ponssard
Robert W. Rosenthal
Alvin E. Roth
Yuliy Sannikov
- **known for**: Game theory in industrial organization
 sequential quadratic programming
- **field**: Economist
 Operations research, Management science
- **work institution**: Stanford University (since 1964)
Harvard Law School
- **prizes**: Golden Goose Award (2014)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2015)
CME Group-MSRI prize (2017)
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2020)
Geneva, Nebraska

**Geneva** is a city in, and the county seat of, Fillmore County, Nebraska, United States.  The population was 2,136 at the 2020 census.
Southern Pines, North Carolina

**Southern Pines** is a town in Moore County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 15,545 as of the 2020 United States Census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Southern Pines, North Carolina
- **settlement type**: Town
- **named for**: Its location on the edge of the Longleaf pine belt
- **image skyline**: Amtrak Station - Southern Pines, North Carolina.jpg
- **image caption**: Southern Pines station
- **image map**: Moore County North Carolina incorporated and unincorporated areas Southern Pines highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Southern Pines in Moore County, North Carolina (bottom) and of Moore County in North Carolina (top)
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: North Carolina
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in North Carolina, County
- **subdivision name2**: Moore County, North Carolina, Moore
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established date**: 1887
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 45.99
- **area land km2**: 45.50
- **area water km2**: 0.49
- **area total sq mi**: 17.76
- **area land sq mi**: 17.57
- **area water sq mi**: 0.19
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 15545
- **population density km2**: 341.69
- **population density sq mi**: 884.95
- **population urban**: 50319 (List of United States urban areas, US: 506th)
- **population density urban km2**: 408.5
- **population density urban sq mi**: 1058.1
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation ft**: 512
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 28387-28388
- **area codes**: Area codes 910 and 472, 910, 472
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 37-63120
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2407374
- **website**: [http://www.southernpines.net/ www.southernpines.net]
Triple talaq in India

The debate has involved the Government of India and the Supreme Court of India, and is connected to the debate about a uniform civil code (Article 44, a Directive Principle of state policy, Constitution of India) in India. On 22 August 2017, the Indian Supreme Court tagged instant triple talaq (talaq-e-biddah) as unconstitutional. Three of the five judges in the panel concurred that the practice of triple talaq is unconstitutional. The other two declared the practice to be constitutional.
However, unconstitutionality is not the same as being declared illegal. India's Muslim neighbours are among 23 countries that have banned triple talaq already. The Quran established means to avoid hasty divorces. It prescribes two waiting periods of three months before the divorce is final in order to give the husband time to reconsider his decision. On 30 July 2019, the Parliament of India declared the practice of Triple Talaq illegal and unconstitutional, and made it a punishable act from 1 August 2019 which is deemed to be in effect from 19 September 2019.

Talaq-e-Ahsan and Talaq-e-Hasan however, remain legal. In Talaq-e-Hasan, the husband says "talaq" only once a month, usually when the wife is not menstruating. The couple then waits for a month following the initial declaration. The marriage remains intact and the couple can reconsider and make amends if the husband does not repeat the term the following month. The divorce however, becomes official if the husband says it three times within the third month. In Talaq-e-Ahsan, the  husband says "talaq" once and waits for a three-month iddat, or waiting period. The divorce is deemed void if the couple gets back together and moves back in together before the three months have passed. However, if reconciliation doesn't take place during this waiting period, it becomes final.
Rasheed Masood

**Rasheed Masood** (15 August 1947 – 5 October 2020) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. He was born in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He was a member of the Lok Sabha between 1977 to 1984, 1989 to 1996 and from 2004 to 2009. In 1990, he was the Minister of Health and Family Welfare.

Masood died on 5 October 2020 at a hospital in Roorkee, Uttarakhand from COVID-19 at the age of 73.
Follansbee, West Virginia

**Follansbee** is a city in Brooke County, West Virginia, United States. It is located along the Ohio River.  The population was 2,848 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Follansbee, West Virginia
- **settlement type**: City
- **nicknames**: City of Pride, Yokie
- **motto**: Follansbee Never Fails
- **image skyline**: Commercial block in Follansbee, West Virginia LCCN2015631977.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: A commercial block in Follansbee
- **image map**: File:Brooke County West Virginia Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Follansbee Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Follansbee in Brooke County, West Virginia.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: West Virginia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in West Virginia, County
- **subdivision name2**: Brooke County, West Virginia, Brooke
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 5.41
- **area land km2**: 4.77
- **area water km2**: 0.64
- **area total sq mi**: 2.09
- **area land sq mi**: 1.84
- **area water sq mi**: 0.25
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 2848
- **population density sq mi**: 1545.3
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 204
- **elevation ft**: 669
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 26037
- **area code**: Area code 304, 304
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 54-28204
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1554480
New Cumberland, West Virginia

**New Cumberland** is a city in and the county seat of Hancock County, West Virginia, United States, along the Ohio River. It is part of the Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,020 as of the 2020 census.
Wellsburg, West Virginia

**Wellsburg** is a city in and the county seat of Brooke County, West Virginia, United States. It is part of the _Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area_. The 2020 census said it had a population of 2,450.
John Joseph Campion

**John Joseph Campion** (January 17, 1963 – October 2, 2020) was an Irish-American businessman and philanthropist. In 1987, he founded Showpower, Inc. His company gave portable generators for the Rolling Stones, U2, Kiss and AC/DC. Campion was chairman and chief executive officer of APR Energy. He was born in Cork, Ireland.

Campion died on October 2, 2020 in California, aged 57.
WAP (song)

"**WAP**" (an acronym for "Wet-Ass Pussy") is a song recorded by American rapper Cardi B featuring American rapper Megan Thee Stallion. It was released through Atlantic Records on August 7, 2020, as the lead single from Cardi's upcoming second studio album.

"WAP" is a hip hop song and uses many sexual innuendos.

It has received mixed reviews from people liking the song for having a sex-positive message, while others found it to be extremely offensive because of the strong sexual language.
Spiny tree frog

The **spiny tree frog** (_Ranoidea spinifera_) is a tree frog from New Guinea.  It lives near Purari River, between 1000 and 1500 meters above sea level.
Hugh Griffith

**Hugh Emrys Griffith** (; 30 May 1912 – 14 May 1980) was a Welsh screen and stage actor. He is best known for playing Sheik Ilderim in the movie _Ben-Hur_ (1959). For this role, he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Some of his other notable credits include _Exodus_ (1960), _Mutiny on the Bounty_ (1962), _Tom Jones_ (1963) and _Oliver!_ (1968).

Griffith was born in Marian-glas, Anglesey. His sister was actress and teacher Elen Roger Jones. On 14 May 1980, Griffith died of a heart attack at his London home. He was 67.
Bunnik

**Bunnik** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. The population of Bunnuk is 15,192 as of 2019.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bunnik
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: BunnikNHkerk.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: Reformed Church
- **image flag**: Flag of Bunnik.svg
- **image seal**: Bunnik wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Ruud van Bennekom
- **area total km2**: 36.97
- **population total**: 13,768
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 372.4
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3980–3981, 3984–3985
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 030, 0343
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0312
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
De Bilt

**De Bilt** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 42,824 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: De Bilt
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Sandwijck-De_Bilt_(3).JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: Sandwijck De Bilt
- **image flag**: Vlag de Bilt.svg
- **image seal**: De Bilt wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Sjoerd Potters
- **area total km2**: 66.12
- **population total**: 42,050
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 636.0
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3615, 3720–3723, 3730–3732, 3737–3739
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 030, 0346
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0310
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
De Ronde Venen

**De Ronde Venen** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 44,059 people lived there. Since 2011, Abcoude is part of the municipality of De Ronde Venen.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: De Ronde Venen
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image flag**: Flag of Ronde Venen.svg
- **image seal**: De Ronde Venen wapen 2016.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Maarten Divendal
- **area total km2**: 99.92
- **population total**: 42,712
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 427.5
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 1390–1391, 1396, 1426, 1427, 3640–3643, 3645, 3646, 3648
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0294, 0297
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0736
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Eemnes

**Eemnes** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 9,113 people lived there.

S

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Eemnes
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Zicht_op_Eemnes3.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: Zicht op Eemnes
- **image flag**: Eemnes vlag.svg
- **image seal**: Eemnes wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Roland van Benthem
- **area total km2**: 31.04
- **population total**: 8,660
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 279.0
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3755
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 035
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0317
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
IJsselstein

**IJsselstein** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 34,160 people lived there.

It received city rights in 1331.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: IJsselstein
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: IJsselstein.IJssel.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of IJsselstein
- **image flag**: Flag of IJsselstein.svg
- **image seal**: IJsselstein wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Patrick van Domburg
- **area total km2**: 21.07
- **population total**: 30,922
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 1,468
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3401–3404
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 030
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0353
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Leusden

**Leusden** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 30,030 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Leusden
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Leusden_Stad.JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Leusden
- **image flag**: Flag of Leusden.svg
- **image seal**: Leusden wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Frans Backhuijs
- **area total km2**: 58.54
- **population total**: 28,833
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 492.5
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3791, 3792, 3830–3835
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 033, 0342
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0327
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Bubo

A **bubo** (Greek βουβών, _boubôn_, 'groin') is adenitis or inflammation of the lymph nodes and is an example of reactive lymphadenopathy.
Bubo (disambiguation)

A **bubo** is a rounded swelling on the skin of a person afflicted by the bubonic plague.

**Bubo** may also refer to:

- _Bubo_ (bird), the horned owl and eagle-owl genus
- Bubo, Duke of the Frisians (died 734)
- Bubo, a mechanical owl in the 1981 film _Clash of the Titans_
- Bubo, a Muppet owl on _Barrio Sésamo_
- Bubo, a Great Horned Owl in the _Guardians of Ga'Hoole_ series
- Bubo, a character in the television series _The Trap Door_
- Bubo, short for Buboicullaar, a Star Wars alien from Return of the Jedi who was later featured in Tales From Jabba's Palace as the star of one of many short stories
Abcoude

**Abcoude** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2011, it has been part of the municipality of De Ronde Venen.
Vianen

**Vianen** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht, and of South Holland. The municipality was merged with the former municipalities of Leerdam and Zederik on 1 January 2019. The name of the new municipality is  Vijfheerenlanden, which is a part of the province of Utrecht.
Maarn

**Maarn** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2006, it has been part of the new municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Amerongen

**Amerongen** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2006, it has been part of the new municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Doorn

**Doorn** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2006, it has been part of the new municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Utrechtse Heuvelrug

**Utrechtse Heuvelrug** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 49,515 people lived there.

It was created on 1 January 2006 from the former municipalities of Amerongen, Doorn, Driebergen-Rijsenburg, Leersum, and Maarn.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Utrechtse Heuvelrug
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Utrechtse_Heuvelrug_bij_Amerongen.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Utrechtse Heuvelrug
- **image flag**: Utrechtse Heuvelrug vlag.svg
- **image seal**: Utrechtse Heuvelrug wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Frits Naafs
- **area total km2**: 132.0
- **population total**: 48,887
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 370.4
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3941, 3951, 3953, 3956, 3958, 3959, 3971, 3972
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0343
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 1581
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Driebergen-Rijsenburg

**Driebergen-Rijsenburg** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2006, it has been part of the new municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Leersum

**Leersum** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2006, it has been part of the new municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Lopik

**Lopik** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 14,473 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Lopik
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Polsbroek_2.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Lopik
- **image flag**: Lopik vlag.svg
- **image seal**: Lopik wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Laurens de Graaf
- **area total km2**: 75.57
- **population total**: 13,513
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 178.8
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3405, 3410–3413, 3415
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0182, 030, 0348
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0331
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Montfoort

**Montfoort** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 13,996 people lived there.

Montfoort received city rights in 1329.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Montfoort
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Montfoort_vogelvlucht_01.JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Montfoort
- **image flag**: Montfoort vlag.svg
- **image seal**: Montfoort wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Petra van Hartskamp-de Jong
- **area total km2**: 37.57
- **population total**: 13,283
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 353.6
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3417
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0348
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0335
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Nieuwegein

**Nieuwegein** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 63,036 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Nieuwegein
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Amsterdam-Rijnkanaal.JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Nieuwegein
- **image flag**: Flag of Nieuwegein.svg
- **image seal**: Coat of arms of Nieuwegein.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Marijke van Beukering
- **area total km2**: 23.51
- **population total**: 62,343
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 2,652
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3430–3439
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 030
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0356
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Mortal Engines (movie)

***Mortal Engines*** is a 2018 science fiction action adventure movie from Universal Pictures based on the 2001 novel of the same name by Philip Reeve.

The film is set in a post-apocalyptic world where entire cities have been mounted on wheels and motorised, and practice municipal Darwinism.
Oudewater

**Oudewater** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht, and a former municipality of South Holland. In 2019, 10,201 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Oudewater
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Oudewater_127.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Oudewater
- **image flag**: Flag of Oudewater.svg
- **image seal**: Oudewater wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Danny de Vries
- **area total km2**: 38.90
- **population total**: 9,740
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 250.4
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3420, 3421
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0348
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0589
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Breukelen

**Breukelen** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Since 2011, it has been part of the new municipality of Stichtse Vecht.

## Related pages

- Nyenrode Business University
Renswoude

**Renswoude** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 5,259 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Renswoude
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Kasteel_Renswoude_en_onderdelen_-_52.JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Renswoude
- **image flag**: Flag of Renswoude.svg
- **image seal**: Renswoude wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Petra Doornenbal-van der Vlist
- **area total km2**: 18.40
- **population total**: 4,055
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 220.4
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3927
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0318
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0339
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Gemma Collins

**Gemma Clair Collins** (born 31 January 1981) is an English reality television star, media personality and businesswoman. She is known for her dramatic personality and is often referred to as "the GC". Collins became famous after appearing on _The Only Way Is Essex_.

Collins was born in Romford. She was bullied in school. Collins left school at 16 and believed she would become famous.

## Television appearances

In 2011, she began appearing on the ITVBe reality series _The Only Way Is Essex_, appearing until 2019.

After becoming famous from appearing on _The Only Way Is Essex_, Collins appeared as a contestant on several reality shows including _I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here_, _Celebrity Big Brother_, _Celebs Go Dating_, _MasterChef_, _Dancing on Ice_ and _The Great British Bake-Off_.

Collins had her own reality show titled _Gemma Collins: Diva._ She also had a show named _Self-Harm and Me_, where she talked about her mental health.

## Other ventures

She has also published a book titled _The GC: How to be a Diva_. Collins admitted to using a ghostwriter to write the book.

Collins has also released a clothing line, a perfume, hand sanitizers and face masks. She has also had clothing deals with Boohoo.com and InTheStyle.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gemma Collins
- **image**: Gemma Collins outside the BBC Broadcasting House on 2 August 2019.jpg
- **caption**: Gemma Collins in 2019
- **birth name**: Gemma Clair Collins
- **birth place**: Romford, England
- **years active**: 2011–present
Laudanum

**Laudanum** is the name of a tincture containing opium. A tincture is usually an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Laudanum is dissolved extracts from the opium poppy (_Papaver somniferum_ Linnaeus) in alcohol (ethanol).

Paracelsus thought that it was good for treating almost anything. According to Paracelus, laudanum consists of about 9 parts wine, and one part opium. Other ingredients, such as henbane, mandrake and deadly nightshade were commonly added. Since its discovery in the 16th century, laudanum was often used to treat different diseases. Its popularity and use is comparable to the modern drug aspirin. Its main effect was that of the opium: it was a painkiller, and a sedative.

The main problem is that opium causes addiction. This was only understood in the 19th century. Towards the end of the 19th century, there were good alternative drugs. England banished opiates from open sale in the 1920s, and Germany regulated their use in 1929.

Laudanum, like other opiates, was used as a painkiller, and a sedative. Until the 1970s it was used to treat clinical depression. Laudanum is dangerous to children as it is easy to overdose. Today, laudanum is still used to treat severe cases of diarrhea which sometimes occur with chemotherapy.
Rhenen

**Rhenen** is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 20,004 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Rhenen
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities of the Netherlands, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Rhenen_9.jpg
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Rhenen
- **image flag**: Flag of Rhenen.svg
- **image seal**: Rhenen wapen.svg
- **pushpin map**: Netherlands
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Netherlands, Province
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Hans van der Pas
- **area total km2**: 42.08
- **population total**: 17,344
- **population as of**: January 1, 2001
- **population density km2**: 412.2
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 3910–3912
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 0317, 0318
- **blank name sec2**: Community Identification Number, CIN
- **blank info sec2**: 0340
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address