juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Yoshio Kato

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography

Kato was born in Saitama on August 1, 1957. After graduating from Osaka University of Commerce, he joined Japan Soccer League club Furukawa Electric (later _JEF United Ichihara_) in 1980. The club won the league champions in 1985/86. The club also won 1982 and 1986 JSL Cup. However, he could not play in the game much, as he was the team's reserve goalkeeper behind Choei Sato. Kato became a regular goalkeeper in later 1980s. He retired in 1993. He played 87 games in the league.

On June 9, 1980, Kato debuted for the Japan national team against Hong Kong. He played 8 games for Japan until 1981.

After retirement, Kato started coaching career at JEF United Ichihara from 1994. In 2000s, he became a goalkeeper coach for U-17 and U-20 Japan national team. In 2006, he became a goalkeeper coach for Japan national team. He coached Japan until 2010 World Cup under manager Ivica Osim and Takeshi Okada.

## Statistics

|-
|1980||rowspan="12"|Furukawa Electric||rowspan="12"|JSL Division 1||1||0||||||||||1||0
|-
|1981||1||0||||||||||1||0
|-
|1982||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1983||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1984||3||0||||||||||3||0
|-
|1985/86||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1986/87||17||0||||||||||17||0
|-
|1987/88||19||0||||||2||0||21||0
|-
|1988/89||19||0||||||0||0||19||0
|-
|1989/90||2||0||||||2||0||4||0
|-
|1990/91||1||0||||||5||0||6||0
|-
|1991/92||6||0||||||1||0||7||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="2"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||||||4||0||4||0
|-
|1993||18||0||0||0||3||0||21||0
87||0||0||0||17||0||104||0
87||0||0||0||17||0||104||0
|}

|-
|1980||3||0
|-
|1981||5||0
|-
!Total||8||0
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yoshio Kato
- **fullname**: Yoshio Kato
- **birth place**: Saitama, Saitama, Saitama, Saitama Prefecture, Saitama, Japan
- **position**: Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1973–1975
- **youthclubs1**: Hongo High School
- **youthyears2**: 1976–1979
- **youthclubs2**: Osaka University of Commerce
- **years1**: 1980–1993
- **clubs1**: JEF United Chiba, JEF United Ichihara
- **caps1**: 87
- **goals1**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 87
- **totalgoals**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1980–1981
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national football team, Japan
- **nationalcaps1**: 8
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Yasuhito Suzuki

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. His son Yuto Suzuki is also a footballer.

## Biography

Suzuki was born in Osaka Prefecture on December 19, 1959. After graduating from Settsu High School, he joined his local club Yanmar Diesel in 1978. However, he could not play in the game much, as he was the team's reserve goalkeeper behind Kazumi Tsubota. The club won the Japan Soccer League champions in 1980. He retired in 1982. He played 8 games in the league.

In August 1979, Suzuki was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 1979 World Youth Championship and he played in 3 games. In December 1980, he was selected the Japan national team for 1982 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on December 22, he debuted against Singapore. He played 4 games for Japan in 1980.

## Statistics

|-
|1978||rowspan="5"|Yanmar Diesel||rowspan="5"|JSL Division 1||0||0
|-
|1979||0||0
|-
|1980||8||0
|-
|1981||0||0
|-
|1982||0||0
8||0
8||0
|}

|-
|1980||4||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yasuhito Suzuki
- **fullname**: Yasuhito Suzuki
- **birth place**: Osaka Prefecture, Osaka, Japan
- **position**: Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1975–1977
- **youthclubs1**: Settsu High School
- **years1**: 1978–1982
- **clubs1**: Cerezo Osaka, Yanmar Diesel
- **caps1**: 8
- **goals1**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 8
- **totalgoals**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1979
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national under-20 football team, Japan U-20
- **nationalcaps1**: 3
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1980
- **nationalteam2**: Japan national football team, Japan
- **nationalcaps2**: 4
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
Nobutaka Suzuki

**Nobutaka Suzuki** (born 12 September 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Saarbrücken||rowspan="2"|Regionalliga||6||0||||||6||0
|-
|2003/04||1||0||||||1||0
|-
|2004/05||2. Bundesliga||0||0||||||0||0
|-
|2005/06||Eintracht Trier||Regionalliga||29||0||||||29||0

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||9||0||1||0||10||0
|-
|2008||33||1||0||0||33||1
|-
|2009||12||0||0||0||12||0
|-
|2010||J. League 1||||||||||||
36||0||||||36||0
54||1||1||0||55||1
90||1||1||0||91||1
|}

## References

- Shonan Bellmare
Alceu (footballer)

**Alceu** (born 7 May 1984) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.

## Club statistics

_Updated to 23 February 2016_.

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2002|Palmeiras|Série A|1|0|||||1|0|
|2003|Série B||||||||||
|2004|Série A|24|0|||||24|0||
|2005|19|0|||||19|0|||
|2006|24|1|||||24|1|||
|2007|Kashiwa Reysol|J1 League|28|1|1|1|2|1|31|3|
|2008|Consadole Sapporo|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0||
|2008|Náutico Capibaribe|Série A|||||||||
|2008|São Carlos||||||||||
|2009|Kashiwa Reysol|J1 League|0|0|–|0|0|0|0||
|2010|J2 League|6|0|0|0|–|6|0|||
|2015|Montedio Yamagata|J1 League|32|2|3|1|3|1|38|4|

## References

- Kashiwa Reysol
Kota Morimura

is a Japanese football player currently playing for Criacao Shinjuku.

## Career statistics

_Updated to end of 2018 season_.

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2007|FC Tokyo|J1 League|1|0|0|0|0|0|1|0|
|2008|2|0|0|0|0|0|2|0|||
|2009|Mito HollyHock|J2 League|46|5|1|0|-|47|5||
|2010|22|1|2|0|-|24|1||||
|2011|Giravanz Kitakyushu|33|3|2|0|-|35|3|||
|2012|19|0|1|0|-|20|0||||
|2013|32|4|1|1|-|33|5||||
|2014|Avispa Fukuoka|31|1|1|0|-|32|1|||
|2015|1|0|-|-|1|0|||||
|Machida Zelvia|J3 League|18|2|3|0|-|21|2|||
|2016|J2 League|39|1|1|0|-|40|1|||
|2017|36|2|1|0|-|37|2||||
|2018|31|2|0|0|-|31|2||||

### Appearances in major competitions

|rowspan="2"|Year|rowspan="2"|Competition|rowspan="2"|Category|colspan="2"|Appearances|rowspan="2"|Goals|rowspan="2"|Team Record|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2004|AFC U-17 Championship 2004|U-16|||0|Group Stage||||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Kota Morimura
 森村 昂太
- **fullname**: Kota Morimura
- **birth place**: Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
- **currentclub**: Criacao Shinjuku
- **clubnumber**: 29
- **position**: Midfielder (association football), Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 2001–2006
- **youthclubs1**: FC Tokyo Youth
- **years1**: 2007–2008
- **clubs1**: FC Tokyo
- **caps1**: 3
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2009–2010
- **clubs2**: Mito HollyHock
- **caps2**: 68
- **goals2**: 6
- **years3**: 2011–2013
- **clubs3**: Giravanz Kitakyushu
- **caps3**: 84
- **goals3**: 7
- **years4**: 2014–2015
- **clubs4**: Avispa Fukuoka
- **caps4**: 32
- **goals4**: 1
- **years5**: 2015–2020
- **clubs5**: Machida Zelvia
- **caps5**: 182
- **goals5**: 10
- **years6**: 2020–
- **clubs6**: Criacao Shinjuku
- **caps6**: 66
- **goals6**: 2
- **totalcaps**: 435
- **totalgoals**: 26
- **nationalyears1**: 2004
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national under-17 football team, Japan U-16
- **pcupdate**: 23/1/24 @ 06:45(AEST)
Nobuyuki Abe (footballer)

is a Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

_Updated to 23 February 2020_.

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2005|Ryutsu Keizai University||rowspan=2|JFL||11||0||colspan="2"|–||colspan="2"|–||11||0||||||||||
|2006|6|0|0|0|–|6|0||||
|2007|FC Tokyo|J1 League|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|
|2008|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||
|2009|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||
|2010|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||
|2011|Shonan Bellmare|J2 League|0|0|2|0|–|2|0||
|2012|37|0|1|0|–|38|0||||
|2013|J1 League|13|0|0|0|2|0|15|0||
|2014|J2 League|0|0|0|0|–|0|0|||
|2015|Giravanz Kitakyushu|24|0|1|0|–|25|0|||
|2016|24|0|2|0|–|26|0||||
|2017|Nagano Parceiro|J3 League|30|0|0|0|–|30|0||
|2018|13|0|0|0|–|13|0||||
|2019|10|0|1|0|–|11|0||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Nobuyuki Abe
- **birth place**: Higashiyamato, Tokyo, Japan
- **height**: 1.86 m
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 2000–2002
- **youthclubs1**: FC Tokyo U18
- **youthyears2**: 2005–2006
- **youthclubs2**: Ryutsu Keizai University F.C., Ryutsu Keizai University
- **years1**: 2007–2010
- **clubs1**: FC Tokyo
- **caps1**: 0
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2011–2014
- **clubs2**: Shonan Bellmare
- **caps2**: 50
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2015–2016
- **clubs3**: Giravanz Kitakyushu
- **caps3**: 48
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 2017–2020
- **clubs4**: Nagano Parceiro
- **caps4**: 58
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 2021
- **clubs5**: FC Tokyo
- **caps5**: 0
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 2022
- **clubs6**: Iwate Grulla Morioka
- **caps6**: 1
- **goals6**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 157
- **totalgoals**: 0
Kei Uemura

**Kei Uemura** (born 24 September 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="7"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||6||0||0||0||6||0
|-
|2005||2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2006||9||0||2||0||11||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2010||J. League 1||||||||||||
17||0||3||0||20||0
17||0||3||0||20||0
|}

## References

- Shonan Bellmare
Takumi Shimohira

**Takumi Shimohira** (born 6 October 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||3||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2008||15||0||2||0||3||0||7||0||27||0
|-
|2009||27||0||3||1||1||0||5||0||36||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
45||0||6||1||4||0||12||0||67||1
45||0||6||1||4||0||12||0||67||1
|}

## References

- Gamba Osaka
Shu Kurata

is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography

Kurata was born in Takatsuki on November 26, 1988. He joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka from their youth team in 2007. Although he did not play many matches, Gamba won the champions in the 2008 AFC Champions League. In 2010, he moved to J2 League club JEF United Chiba on loan and became a regular player. In 2011, he moved to J1 club Cerezo Osaka. In 2012, he returned to Gamba Osaka. However Gamba was relegated to J2 end of the 2012 season. In 2013, Gamba won the champions and returned to J1 in a year. In 2014, Gamba won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup.

In July 2019, Kurata was selected the Japan national team for 2015 East Asian Cup. At this tournament, he debuted against South Korea on August 5. He played 9 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2017.

## Statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="3"|J1 League||6||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2008||13||0||4||0||2||0||3||0||22||0
|-
|2009||3||0||0||0||0||0||1||0||4||0
|-
|2010||JEF United Chiba||J2 League||29||8||3||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||9
|-
|2011||Cerezo Osaka||J1 League||33||10||5||0||1||0||5||1||44||11
|-
|2012||rowspan="10"|Gamba Osaka||J1 League||31||7||4||1||2||0||3||1||40||9
|-
|2013||J2 League||28||8||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||8
|-
|2014||rowspan="8"|J1 League||30||6||6||3||11||2||colspan="2"|-||47||11
|-
|2015||31||5||4||1||4||0||11||2||50||8
|-
|2016||34||2||2||0||5||0||5||0||46||2
|-
|2017||33||8||2||0||2||0||4||0||41||8
|-
|2018||31||4||1||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||38||4
|-
|2019||31||7||1||0||8||3||colspan="2"|-||40||10
|-
|2020||34||4||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||38||8
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
367||69||37||5||45||5||32||4||481||83
367||69||37||5||45||5||32||4||481||83
|}

|-
|2015||1||0
|-
|2016||0||0
|-
|2017||8||2
|-
!Total||9||2
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Shu Kurata
- **image**: Shu Kurata 2017 (36700073003) (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Kurata playing for Gamba Osaka in 2017
- **fullname**: Shu Kurata
- **birth place**: Takatsuki, Osaka, Takatsuki, Osaka Prefecture, Osaka, Japan
- **position**: Midfielder
- **currentclub**: Gamba Osaka
- **youthyears1**: 2004–2006
- **youthclubs1**: Gamba Osaka
- **years1**: 2007–
- **clubs1**: Gamba Osaka
- **caps1**: 305
- **goals1**: 51
- **years2**: 2010
- **clubs2**: →JEF United Chiba (loan)
- **caps2**: 29
- **goals2**: 8
- **years3**: 2011
- **clubs3**: →Cerezo Osaka (loan)
- **caps3**: 33
- **goals3**: 10
- **nationalyears1**: 2015–2017
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national football team, Japan
- **nationalcaps1**: 9
- **nationalgoals1**: 2
- **club-update**: end of the 2020 season
Kenta Hoshihara

**Kenta Hoshihara** (born 1 May 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|}

## References

- Gamba Osaka
Kim Tae-yeon (footballer)

**Kim Tae-Yeon** (born 27 June 1988) is a South Korean professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Vissel Kobe||J. League 2||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2007||J. League 1||5||0||0||0||1||0||6||0
|-
|2008||Ehime||J. League 2||27||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||0
|-
|2009||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||47||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||48||2
|-
|2010||Fagiano Okayama||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
84||2||2||0||1||0||87||2
84||2||2||0||1||0||87||2
|}
Gakuto Kondo

**Gakuto Kondo** (born 10 February 1981) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics

_Updated to 20 February 2018_.
|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2007|Vissel Kobe|J1 League|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|
|2008|1|0|0|0|3|0|4|0|||
|2009|4|0|0|0|0|0|4|0|||
|2010|7|1|1|0|1|0|0|0|||
|2011|19|0|1|0|0|0|0|0|||
|2012|4|1|0|0|1|0|0|0|||
|2013|Mito HollyHock|J2 League|14|0|0|0|–|14|0||
|2014|FC Osaka|JRL (Kansai, Div. 1)|4|0|0|0|–|4|0||
|2015|JFL|0|0|0|0|–|0|0|||
|2016|0|0|–|–|0|0|||||
|2017|0|0|–|–|0|0|||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Gakuto Kondo
- **fullname**: Gakuto Kondo
- **birth place**: Toyokawa, Aichi, Japan
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthyears1**: 1999
- **youthclubs1**: Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University of
Health and Sport Sciences
- **youthyears2**: 2003–2006
- **youthclubs2**: Biwako Seikei Sport College
- **years1**: 2007–2012
- **clubs1**: Vissel Kobe
- **caps1**: 35
- **goals1**: 2
- **years2**: 2013
- **clubs2**: Mito HollyHock
- **caps2**: 14
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2014–2017
- **clubs3**: FC Osaka
- **caps3**: 4
- **goals3**: 0
- **club-update**: 31 January 2018
Matthew (ship)

The ***Matthew*** was a caravel sailed by John Cabot in 1497 from Bristol to North America, presumably Newfoundland.  After a voyage which had got no further than Iceland, Cabot left again with only one vessel, the _Matthew_, a small ship (50 tons), but fast and able.  The crew consisted of only 18 people.  The _Matthew_ departed either 2 May or 20 May 1497.  She sailed to Dursey Head (latitude 51°36N), Ireland, from where she sailed due west, expecting to reach Asia.  However, landfall was reached in North America on 24 June 1497.  His precise landing-place is a matter of much controversy, with Cape Bonavista or St. John's in Newfoundland the most likely sites.

## Infobox (ship begin)


## Infobox (ship image)

- **ship image**: The Mathew cruising Cardiff Bay (2799993543).jpg
- **ship image size**: 200px
- **ship caption**: A replica of _The Matthew_ in Cardiff Bay


## Infobox (ship career)

- **ship country**: England
- **ship name**: The Matthew
- **ship builder**: Bristol Classic Boat Company, Storms'l Services
- **ship laid down**: 1994
- **ship launched**: 1996
- **ship homeport**: Bristol


## Infobox (ship characteristics)

- **ship type**: replica caravel
- **ship displacement**: 85
- **ship tons burthen**: 50
- **ship length**: Length overall:
- **ship decks**: 2
- **ship power**: 200hp Caterpillar 3116
- **ship propulsion**: sail, engine
- **ship sail plan**: caravel
Yosuke Ishibitsu

**Yosuke Ishibitsu** (born 23 July 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vissel Kobe.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Vissel Kobe||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||27||1||2||0||3||0||32||1
|-
|2008||28||2||2||0||5||0||35||2
|-
|2009||30||2||3||2||5||1||38||5
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
85||5||7||2||13||1||105||8
85||5||7||2||13||1||105||8
|}

## References

- Vissel Kobe
Object (grammar)

An **object** in grammar is the target of an action, and occurs in any sentence with a transitive verb. It is an element in the clause which follows the verb, as in:
- _The cat ate **breakfast***.
- _She hit **him and then said go away from here***

These are **direct objects**. The following are **indirect objects**:
- _The dog brought **Jane** his lead_.
- _I sent my **son** a letter_.
The structure of these sentences is (S/V/O/O) where S = subject, V = verb and O = object. The first object is an _indirect object_, the second is a _direct object_. Notice that, in the last example, you sent a letter, not your son. The sentence makes perfect sense without the indirect object.

An equivalent sentence to the last example is:
- _I sent a letter to my son_.
Here some grammarians also see _son_ as the indirect object (_letter_ is the term which cannot be left out).<sup>p720</sup>
Subject (grammar)

The **subject** in grammar is the agent (the 'doer') in an active sentence such as: _Alan kissed Jane_.

However, there is a difficulty. The following two sentences are identical in meaning:
- _Our children planted a tree_.
- _A tree was planted by our children_.
Only in the first sentence is _our children_ the grammatical subject. So there is a difference between the logical subject and the grammatical subject.<sup>p996</sup> Also, many sentences have no subject, for instance:
- _Come here!_
- _Identifying the thief may take some time_.

If a sentence does have a subject, then the rest of the sentence may be called the _predicate_.
Frigate

A **frigate** () is a warship. The term has been used for warships of many sizes and roles for a few centuries.  During the age of sail they were small, agile ships that were extensively used in the American War of Independence, and later against the British.  Their main use was shore defense.

In the modern day the term _Frigate_ covers a broad range of ships. This is primarily for political reasons. The generally accepted term is of a warship less that 6, 000 dwt and greater that around 2, 000 dwt. Its primary purpose is usually anti-submarine warfare. It can also be a long range patrol vessel or in smaller navies an anti-air vessel.
Eugène Gigout

**Eugène Gigout** (23 March 1844 – 9 December 1925) was a French organist and composer of European late-romantic music for organ.

## Early life

Gigout was born in Nancy, and died in Paris.

A student of Camille Saint-Saëns, he served as the organist of Saint-Augustin Church in Paris for 62 years. He became known as a teacher. Also, his output as a composer was large and of high quality. Renowned as an expert improviser, he also founded his own music school. His nephew-by-marriage, Leon Boëllmann, became another fine organist and composer for the organ (but died at the very young age of 35).

## Works

The _10 pièces pour orgue_, composed in 1890, are Gigout's most famous compositions. They are the _Toccata in B minor_, his best-known composition, which turns up as a common encore at organ concerts. Also fairly often performed, and to be found in the same collection, is a _Scherzo in E major_.

Other compositions by Gigout sometimes played nowadays are _Grand Choeur Dialogué_ and _Marche Religieuse_. Gigout's works are now available on many commercial recordings.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Eugène Gigout
- **image**: WelteEugeneGigout.jpg
- **caption**: Recording with Eugène Gigout for the Welte-Philharmonic-Organ, 1912
- **birth date**: 23 March 1844
Schola Cantorum

**La Schola Cantorum** is a private music school in Paris. It was started in 1894 by Charles Bordes, Alexandre Guilmant and Vincent d'Indy. It was to make up for the Paris Conservatoire's emphasis on opera. Its past students are many significant figures in 20<sup>th</sup> century music.
Voice (grammar)

**Voice** in grammar expresses the way the action (or state) that the verb expresses relates to the subject or object.

In English grammar, there are two voices: _active_ and _passive_. When a clause is in the active voice, the subject is the doer of the action. When a clause is in the passive voice, the subject is the receiver of the action. The active voice is much more commonly used than the passive voice.

- Active voice: _Jane **chose** the furniture_.
- Passive voice: _The furniture **was chosen** by Jane_.

This example shows how the word order changes the emphasis of the sentence. The first clearly answers the question "Who chose the furniture?" The second is more of an incidental comment.

The active voice is usually easier to say, and easier to understand than the passive voice. When a person learns a language, it is learnt first, and uses fewer words than the passive voice. Therefore, given an equal choice, the active voice is usually chosen.
Transitivity (mathematics)

In logic and mathematics, **transitivity** is a property of a binary relation. It is a prerequisite of an equivalence relation and of a partial order.

## Definition and examples

In general, given a set with a relation, the relation is transitive if whenever ***a*** is related to ***b*** and ***b*** is related to ***c***, then ***a*** is related to ***c***. For example:

- Size is transitive: if A>B and B>C, then A>C.
- Subsets are transitive: if A is a subset of B and B is a subset of C, then A is a subset of C.
- Height is transitive: if Sidney is taller than Casey, and Casey is taller than Jordan, then Sidney is taller than Jordan.
- Rock, paper, scissors is not transitive: rock beats scissors, and scissors beats paper, but rock doesn't beat paper. This is called an **intransitive relation**.

Given a relation , the smallest transitive relation containing  is called the transitive closure of , and is written as .

## Related pages

- Symmetric relation
Beer Sheba

**Beer Sheba** is a city on the northern edge of the Negev region in Israel. It is the home of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.

## Notable sites

- The Abrahams Well International Visitors Center archaeological museum.
- Israeli Air Force Museum, at the nearby Hatzerim air force base.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Beer Sheba
- **native name**: (Hebrew language, Hebrew)

(Arabic language, Arabic)
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Aerial photo of Beersheba.JPG
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: View of Beer Sheba from the air
- **image shield**: Coat of arms of Beersheba.svg
- **shield size**: 75px
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: South  (_Mehoz Ha’Darom_)
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Rubik Danilovich
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: about 4,000 Common Era, B.C.E.
- **area total km2**: 117.5
- **population as of**: 2009
- **population total**: 187,900
- **population metro**: 592,800
- **timezone**: Israel Standard Time (IST)
- **utc offset**: +2
- **timezone dst**: Israel Summer Time (IDT)
- **utc offset dst**: +3
- **area code**: +972 (Israel) + 8 (South)
- **website**: [http://www.beer-sheva.muni.il beer-sheva.muni.il]
Desert scorpion

The **desert scorpion** (_Hadrurus arizonensis_) is the largest scorpion in North America. It reaches a length of .

Scorpions are arachnids, with eight legs. Their body has two body parts, called abdomen and cepholothorax.

## Habitat

The desert scorpion’s habitat is the desert. It is a warm place where the hottest days can reach . Desert scorpions range is south west.  In extreme weather conditions, the extra layer of fat under scorpion’s exoskeleton helps it to survive. It lives in sandy places in the desert like sand dunes.

It is a burrowing scorpion, but often found under rocks. Its diet consists of large insects, spiders, and small vertebrates. This is an aggressive and active scorpion. Like all scorpions, it is nocturnal. Also like all scorpions, the giant desert hairy scorpion gives birth to live young, which stay on the mother's back for a week or more before leaving.

## References

- Mann, Rachel 2002. _Desert life_. Scholastic Inc.
- York, Penelope 2002. _Bugs_. DK.
- Johnson Jinny 1996. _Children’s guide to insects and spiders_. Simon and Schuster.
Black widow

**Black widows** are spiders. Their scientific name is _Latrodectus mactans_. They share the genus name _Latrodectus_ with several similar spiders (sometimes called "widow spiders").

The female spider is shiny black and has a round abdomen with a red hourglass pattern on its underside. They are closely related to another group called _Steatoda_ (sometimes called "false widow spiders). That group contains species that are not dangerous to humans. All of the true widow spiders can give bites that are harmful to human beings and may kill children or people who are not in good health.

Female widow spiders are rather large. They have a body length of approximately 0.5 inch. The males of the widow spiders are much smaller than the females.

Both the widow spiders and the _Steatoda_ spiders belong to a larger group that includes many kinds of spiders that make similar kinds of webs and have the same general body shape.

## Habitat

Black widow spiders live in warm places all over the world. They like to build their webs in safe places under something like an overturned box sitting on the ground. Often they are found under the seats of outdoor toilets. They like to be left alone, so they rarely come inside places where people live.

## Biting

Like other spiders, black widows bite for two reasons: to kill things to eat and to protect themselves. They catch flying insects in their webs and bite them so that they will stop fighting to get free. When people put their hands into this spider's web they might get bitten by mistake, but usually people get bitten when they squeeze a spider and the spider defends itself. Unfortunately, humans are very sensitive to the venom that the spider gives in its bite. The good thing is that widow spiders almost always run away if they can. If something big hits their web then they drop straight down to the ground and run away.

## Diet

Black widows eat mostly flies and moths. The female black widow is infamous for eating males of its kind, hence the "widow" in black.

## Sources

- Stidworthy, John 2000. _Creepy crawlies_. Parragon Publishing,
- Resnick, Jane 1996. _Spiders_. Kids Books.
Pill bug

**Armadillidiidae** is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. They are commonly known as **pill bugs** or **potato bugs** or **rollie pollies**. Pill bugs are not insects, but are crustaceans. Crustaceans are animals with hard shells made from many pieces for protection.

Pill bugs look like gray pills. The pill bug's abdomen has seven segments. Pill bugs have flat bodies. The pill bug has three basic body parts called the head, thorax, and abdomen, moce and they can be many sizes.

The head has three eyes (simple and compound) and a mouth. Pill bugs have two sets of antennae. One of the sets is visible to see. The thorax holds the legs. The abdomen holds the exopods of uropods and is attached to some crustaceans' abdomens. Pill bugs consume decaying organic matter, like rotten plants, rotten animals, old garbage, and even bits of food in animal dung. This diet allows for Pill bugs to return essential nutrients to the soil, improving its structure. Pill bugs do not breathe through lungs; they have gills. Because of this, they need to be in a damp place or they will die. They also prefer dark rocks or any other dark place to stay that is dark. They are more active at night and early morning because of the darkness. Pill bugs are not beneficial to potted plants. If you notice your potted plants have one or two of them crawling around on the plant, there are probably many more that you don't see feeding off of the roots.

Pill bugs reproduce by laying eggs in a moist environment, where the female carries them in a specialized pouch called a marsupium until they hatch into miniature versions of adults.Pill bugs have the typical lifespan of an isopod, living two years average and five years maximum.

For some people, looking for pill bugs in their garden is helpful to their garden and also enjoyable, especially for small children. To some people, keeping pill bugs as pets is also an enjoyable thing. To keep a pill bug as a pet, its area where it is kept in must be moist and/or damp, with plants that are fresh and plants that have begun to rot.
Ready to Fall

"**Ready to Fall**" is the first single by melodic hardcore band Rise Against from their fourth studio album, _The Sufferer & The Witness_ (2006).

An acoustic version of this song was done live on the CJZN Radio station in Victoria, British Columbia, on January 18, 2007, before a Billy Talent concert featuring Rise Against, Anti-Flag, and Moneen.

On March 12, 2009, the song became a downloadable song in the video game, _Guitar Hero World Tour_. It is also shown in Tap Tap Revenge 3 on the iPhone and iPod Touch as a downloadable double song pack with Audience of One. The song was also shown in 2009 action movie 12 Rounds.

## Music video

The video was made in 2006. It is about pollution and its effects on the environment. The video is 3 minutes and 52 seconds long. It cuts between shots of the band playing and shots of animals being saved or dying, if not already dead. This is from many environmental dangers made by humans. At the end of the video, lead singer Tim McIlrath says, "Every action has a reaction. We've got one planet, one chance."

There was also a version played on television. There are also ones that are more graphic. This was never really released. But it is available on some websites. The video serves a testimony to veganism. Rise Against is an active supporter of PETA, an animal rights organization, and the band members are all active vegetarians.

## Chart performance

The song got to number 13 on the _Billboard_ Modern Rock Tracks chart. It is the lowest charting single from _The Sufferer & the Witness_. Although, it was the band's second highest charting single.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Ready to Fall
- **artist**: Rise Against
- **album**: The Sufferer & the Witness
- **released**: October 2006
- **recorded**: Fort Collins, Colorado
- **genre**: Melodic Hardcore
- **length**: 3:50
- **label**: Geffen Records, Geffen
- **writer**: Rise Against/Tim McIlrath
- **producer**: Jason Livermore, Bill Stevenson
- **prev title**: Paper Wings
- **prev year**: 2005
- **next title**: Prayer of the Refugee
- **next year**: 2006
Soccer City

**Soccer City** is a sports stadium in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was first built in 1987. At that time, it was named the FNB Stadium.

## Renovation

In 2009, the stadium was improved.  More seats were added. New locker (dressing) rooms and new floodlights were built.

## FIFA World Cup

The stadium co-hosted the 2010 FIFA World Cup. It is one of the 10 stadiums where World Cup matches were played.

**2010 World Cup Matches**

All times are given in South African Standard time (UTC+2).
|Date||Time||Group||Team #1||Team #2|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Friday, 11 June|16:00|Group A|South Africa|Mexico|||||
|Monday, 14 June|13:30|Group E|Netherlands|Denmark|||||
|Thursday, 17 June|13:30|Group B|Argentina|Korea Republic|||||
|Sunday, 20 June|20:30|Group G|Brazil|Côte d'Ivoire|||||
|Wednesday, 23 June|20:30|Group D|Ghana|Germany|||||
|Sunday, 27 June|20:30|Round of 16|1B|2A|||||
|Friday, 2 July|20:30|Quarter-finals|W49|W50|||||
|Sunday, 11 July|20:30|Final|W61|W62|||||

## Nelson Mandela

On June 29, the South African  government announced that a memorial service for Nelson Mandela would be held 10 to 14 days after his death at Soccer City. Mandela died on December 5, 2013 and a memorial service was held at Soccer City.

## Post World Cup Use

FNB Stadium is mostly used for concerts and local 5-a-side tournaments.  When South Africa's most popular soccer team, the [Kaizer Chiefs] play in the stadium, they attract approximately 15,000 fans, during rival soccer matches and derbies  they attract approximately more than 75 000 fans when they play there among the rotating venues that they use.

## Other websites

- Official Soccer City Site
- Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)

## Infobox (stadium)

- **stadium name**: Soccer City
- **location**: Johannesburg, South Africa
- **built**: 1987
- **renovated**: 2009
- **former names**: FNB Stadium
- **seating capacity**: 88,460
Acacia

***Acacia*** is a genus of shrub or tree are belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described in Africa by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1773. Many non-Australian species tend to be thorny, whereas the majority of Australian Acacias are not.

## Defences

Acacias are heavily defended against herbivores. Different species have different combinations of defenses:
1. Thorns (except Australia)
1. Chemicals: bitter tannins and psychoactive alkaloids are common in Acacias. Some species have up to 40% tannins in their bark
1. Ants: in Africa and Central Americs, symbiosis with ants can deter all sizes of enemy, from elephants to caterpillars and stem-boring beetles.  Some species of ants will also fight off competing plants around the acacia, cutting off the offending plant's leaves with their jaws and ultimately killing it. Other associated ant species appear to do nothing to benefit their hosts.

Products from the acacia plants have often been used for medicinal purposes.

## Gum arabic

Various species of acacia yield gum. True gum arabic is the product of _Acacia senegal_, abundant in dry tropical West Africa from Senegal to northern Nigeria.

_Acacia arabica_ is the gum-Arabic tree of India, but yields a gum inferior to the true gum-Arabic.

## The Whistling Thorn (Acacia drepanolobium)

This species of acacia grows two kinds of thorns. The main defense is provided by pairs 5cm long arranged nearly at a right angle. Smaller stipular spines grow between the pairs of big thorns. These emerge from hollow galls, bulbous swellings 2 to 3cm across. One of four different species of ant lives in each of these igloos, which they open up by cutting holes into them. A dying bush whistles as the wind blows over these entrances. Most acacias make toxins that rush to leaves that are under attack by browsers. The whistling thorn does not. It is infested with stinging ants that swarm out and prepare to bite anything they can when the branch is disturbed. Most browsers seem to avoid infested bushes, perhaps because the ants stink of formic acid.
Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts

Many East Asian scripts can be written both **horizontally** and **vertically**.

## History

Documents around the world have many different ways of writing. But there are mainly two ways of writing: writing horizontally (횡서, 橫書) or vertically (종서縱書).  There are two kinds of horizontal writing. One kind can be read from left to right (좌횡서, 左橫書); the other is read from right to left (우횡서, 右橫書). There are two kinds of vertical writing as well: from left to right (좌정서, 左縱書) or from right to left (우정서, 右縱書), both of these are written from top to bottom. Traditionally, the countries in the East Asian cultural sphere (such as Korea, China, Japan or Vietnam) write vertically from right to left. When it was necessary to write horizontally, they wrote horizontally from right to left. When the Western culture began influencing them, they began writing horizontally from left to right, which is now used widely.

Most Western languages are written horizontally from left to right, but Arabic and Hebrew are written horizontally from right to left. Mongol letters are written horizontally from left to right.

Long ago, people used hieroglyphs. Hieroglyphs were very flexible characters. They were often written from left to right in the first line, and then right to left in the second line, and so on. This is called boustrophedon. A person can tell which direction to read by which direction the hieroglyphs of animals and people were facing. If the hieroglyphs were facing left, then the line must be read from left to right. If they were facing right, they must be read from right to left.
Mimosoideae

**Mimosoideae** is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae. Members of this family usually have flowers with small petals and many stamens.

Some classification systems, for example the Cronquist system, treat Fabaceae in a narrow sense, raising Mimosoideae to the rank of family as Mimosaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group treats Fabaceae in the broad sense.
Affix

An **affix** is a piece added to a word, or root, which signals or changes its role in a sentence. It is part of grammar.<sup>p18</sup> Affixes may occur in various positions in a word:

- **Prefix**: before the word/root, for instance: **anti**-climax; **re**-write.
- **Suffix**: after the word/root, for instance: clima**ctic**; walk**ed**. Most plurals.
- Infix: Inside the word/root. Rare in English, example: the **m** in recu**m**bent.
- Interfix: between words, to connect them: the reduced _and_ in sun **'n** sand; editor-**in**-chief.

## Related pages

- Inflection
Enigma

**Enigma** may refer to:

- Enigma (machine), a machine used to encrypt messages during World War Two
- Enigma Variations, a set of short pieces written by Edward Elgar about his friends
New Caledonia national football team

**New Caledonia national football team** is the national football team of New Caledonia.

## Infobox (national football team)

- **name**: New Caledonia
- **nickname**: _Les Cagous_ (The Kagus)
- **association**: New Caledonian Football Federation, _Fédération Calédonienne de Football_
- **confederation**: Oceania Football Confederation, OFC (Oceania)
- **coach**: Thierry Sardo
- **most caps**: Pierre Wajoka (39)
- **top scorer**: Bertrand Kaï (20)
- **home stadium**: Stade Numa-Daly Magenta
- **fifa trigramme**: NCL
- **fifa max**: 93
- **fifa max date**: August 2013
- **fifa min**: 191
- **fifa min date**: April–May 2016
- **elo max**: 56
- **elo max date**: 5 September 1971
- **elo min**: 175
- **elo min date**: July 2002
- **pattern la1**: _newcaledonia1718h
- **pattern b1**: _newcaledonia1718h
- **pattern ra1**: _newcaledonia1718h
- **pattern sh1**: _newcaledonia1718h
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _thinredborder
- **pattern b2**: _newcaledonia1516a
- **pattern ra2**: _thinredborder
- **leftarm2**: FFFFFF
- **body2**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm2**: FFFFFF
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **socks2**: FFFFFF
- **first game**: 2–0
 (Nouméa, New Caledonia; 19 September 1951)
- **largest win**: 18–0
 (Papua New Guinea; 3 September 1991)
 18–0
 (Fiji; 1 July 2003)
- **largest loss**: 11–0
 (Auckland, New Zealand; 11 July 2002)
 7–1
 (Doha, Qatar; 24 March 2022)
- **regional name**: OFC Nations Cup
- **regional cup apps**: 5
- **regional cup first**: 1973 OFC Nations Cup, 1973
- **regional cup best**: Runners-up, 2008 OFC Nations Cup, 2008 and 2012 OFC Nations Cup, 2012
Midshipman

A **midshipman** is an officer cadet, or a commissioned officer. They are the lowest rank of officer in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use this rank are Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, India, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Kenya. Before 1968, it was used by the Royal Canadian Navy. But it was replaced with that of naval cadet upon the making of the Canadian Forces.
Impressionist music

The **impressionist movement in music** was a movement in Europen classical music. It was mostly in France. It began in the late 19th century and ended in the middle of the 20th century. There were two very famous composers of this movement, Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel. Debussy actually did not like the term 'Impressionist' in his works. English impressionist musicians include Cyril Scott (1879–1970) and  John Ireland (1879–1962). Other well-known composers labeled impressionist include Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, Manuel de Falla, Isaac Albéniz, Giacomo Puccini, Leoš Janáček, Alexander Scriabin and Kurt Atterberg

The first pieces of impressionist music were probably composed by Franz Liszt, the first such piece for orchestra is probably Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune, composed by Claude Debussy, between 1892 and 1894.

The impressionism of Debussy is achieved through a number of means the overall aim of which were to weaken the teleological (Purpose driven) harmonic structure of classical (functional) western harmony. In functional harmony a path is set that leads inexorably to a final cadence at which the tonic is clearly affirmed, dissonance whether through the use of suspensions or 7th chords etc. is correctly prepared and then resolved creating a flow of tension and release. By contrast, many of Debussy's dissonances simply flow onto another dissonance in chains of seventh chords etc. Another way that Debussy holds tonality in suspense is through the use of the pentatonic and whole-tone scales in both melody and harmony. The story of modernist music has been a response to the extreme chromaticism of radical romantic composers such as Wagner and Liszt. The ones who felt compelled to complete the task took music to the chromatic extreme of atonality, others found ways to continue to write music using recognisable harmonic sequences and tonal (therefore recallable) melody by emancipating the dissonance and freeing it from its functional straightjacket. Debussy played a massive part in developing the vocabulary for this kind of composition. All non-atonal composers of the modernist era owe a debt to Debussy, including Stravinsky, Bartok, Messiaen and possibly even Steve Reich.

## Related pages

- Impressionism

## Infobox (music genre)

- **name**: Impressionist music
- **bgcolor**: 507070
- **color**: AACCCC
- **stylistic origins**: Reaction to 19th century Romanticism
- **cultural origins**: Late 19th century in Paris, France
- **instruments**: woodwind, String section, strings, harp, piano, small Chamber music, chamber
- **popularity**: ca. 1890 to 1940
Neoclassicism music

**Neoclassicism in music** was popular in the twentieth-century. Mostly between the two World Wars. This kind of music is when composers try to come back to beautiful ways with the broadly defined way of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity, economy, and emotions. Neoclassicism had two distinct national lines of development. They were French and German. Neoclassicsim was a beautiful trend rather than a movement. Many composers normally do not think of themselves as "neoclassicists." But some really do have some elements of the style.
Vincent d'Indy

**Paul Marie Theodore Vincent d'Indy** (27 March 1851–2 December 1931) was a French composer and music teacher. Born in Paris, he was encouraged to learn music by his uncle who had studied with César Franck. D'Indy later also studied with Franck at the Paris Conservatoire. He liked the music of Lizst, Beethoven and Wagner. He went to the first performance of Wagner's _Ring_ at Bayreuth in 1876. He organized performances of works by Rameau and Monteverdi whose work had been mostly forgotten. He was a very conservative in his views on music, and after his proposed changes to the Conservatoire were ignored, he set up his own music school, the Schola Cantorum in 1894.

## Works

He wrote a large number of musical compositions including operas, overtures, symphonies, choral works, piano works, string sextets, string quartets, folk song arrangements, and a cello sonata. One of his well known works is the "Symphonie sur un Chant Montagnard Français" (1886) ("Symphony on a French Mountain Song").

He also wrote books including a biography of César Franck, and a book on how to write music.
Edgard Varèse

**Edgard Victor Achille Charles Varèse**, whose name was also spelled **Edgar Varèse** (December 22, 1883 – November 6, 1965), was a French composer who spent the greater part of his career in the United States.

Varèse's music has an emphasis on timbre and rhythm. He made up the term "organized sound." This phrase means that some timbres and rhythms can be grouped together. Although his finished works only last about three hours, he has been thought as an influence by many big composers of the late 20th century. His use of new instruments and electronic resources led to his being known as the "Father of Electronic Music" while Henry Miller described him as "The stratospheric Colossus of Sound".
Text grammar

A **text grammar** is the study of texts above the level of the sentence. It shows how texts are put together so as to convey ideas, facts, messages, and fiction.

A similar term is discourse analysis. Both are mostly concerned with natural language use; discourse analysis would include spoken language. Speech is also the parent of **rhetoric**, the ancient study of persuasive speaking. In a similar way, literary criticism parallels text grammar, because both concentrate on the printed word. A text grammar approach puts emphasis on the linguistic structure of a text, rather than its cultural or symbolic meaning.

A text is a coherent body of sentences. Coherent means they are linked by a consistent _theme_. The text ends when _completion_ is signalled. For example, when a problem introduced at the start is solved, or when a promised discussion has reached a conclusion.

## Text types

Each text focuses on certain things. If texts are grouped by what they are doing, then there are five basic text types:
1. Description. Common in science and technology.
1. Narration. Covers the passage of time, and is common in the humanities.
1. Exposition. In which the narrator or writer offers a detailed analysis and explanation of some issue.
1. Argumentation. In which the communicator compares alternative points of view, judges and persuades.
1. Instruction. In which the communicator tells readers what to do. Uses "action-demanding sentences in sequence".
Many texts, of course, can and do have a mixture of two or more of these types.
Discourse analysis

**Discourse analysis** is a subject which studies a text or a conversation. This is a subject in linguistics which does not study sentences, like in syntax, but the entire text or conversation. The text or conversation is known as discourse. Discourse analyst prefer to use real life discourse in their studies, rather than invented sentences like in traditional linguistics. This way of studying real life discourse is called corpus linguistics.

Discourse analysis is related to text linguistics. However, text linguistics studies how discourse is structured so that they are connected (how sentences are joined to each other). Discourse analysis studies this, and also how the discourse is connected to the context. This context includes who the people talking or writing are, the social and cultural context. Also, it studies the way mode, which is the way the language is represented (is it a letter, speech, email, Internat chat?), influences discourse. Discourse analysis is also interested in the genre (topic) of the discourse.

Discourse analysis is studied not only in linguistics, but also in sociology, anthropology, psychology, communication studies and translation studies.

## Other websites

- Daniel L. Everett, statement concerning James Loriot, p. 9
- The Discourse Attributes Analysis Program and Measures of the Referential Process .
- Linguistic Society of America: _Discourse Analysis_, by Deborah Tannen
- Strategies for analysing a case study