juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Princeton, British Columbia

**Princeton** is a Canadian district municipality in British Columbia, Canada. Princeton is in the Similkameen region of British Columbia. The population of Princeton as of 2021 is 2,894. The current mayor of Princeton is Spencer Coyne. Princeton is also known for it's castle, which is on the outskirts of Princeton. The castle is now a resort.

## Other websites

- City of Princeton's Official website
Merritt, British Columbia

**Merritt** is a Canadian city in British Columbia, Canada. Marritt is in the south-central Interior of British Columbia and also in the Nicola Valley. As of 2021, Marritt had 7,051 people. The current mayor of Merritt is Michael Goetz. Merritt is home to a BCHL (British Columbia Hockey League) team called the Merritt Centennials which is the oldest ice hockey team in the league. In 2008, the Country Music Hall of Fame relocated from Calgary to Merritt.

## Other websites

- City of Merritt's Official website
Rayleigh scattering

**Rayleigh scattering** is the way that light scatters when it hits a very small object.  This theory is valid if the wavelength of the light is much bigger than the object. It is named after Lord Rayleigh but was also the work of Raman and Krishnan as it is part of the Raman scattering theory.

This is also why the sky looks blue when it is daytime. Rayleigh Scattering means that light of shorter wavelength, blue light, will come into the air and bounce around in the air before going towards the ground, making the sky look blue.
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh

**John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh**, OM (12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919) was an English Physicist.  He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1904.  He discovered argon and Rayleigh scattering.
Big Fat Liar

***Big Fat Liar*** is an 2002 teen comedy movie that was produced by Michael Goldman, Marie Cantin, Brian Robbins and Michael Tollin and was directed by Shawn Levy. Big Fat Liar was released on February 8, 2002 in North America. The movie received mixed reviews with a 44% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 36 out of 100 from Metacritic.

## Cast

- Frankie Muniz as Jason Shepherd
- Paul Giamatti as Marty Wolf
- Amanda Bynes as Kaylee
- Amanda Detmer as Monty Kirkham
- Donald Faison as Frank Jackson
- Michael Bryan French as Harry Shepherd
- Christine Tucci as Carol Shepherd
- Sandra Oh as Mrs. Phyllis Caldwell
- Alex Breckenridge as Janie Shepherd
- Rebecca Corry as Astrid Barker
- Jaleel White as Himself
- Russell Hornsby as Marcus Duncan
- Lee Majors as Vince
- Sean O'Bryan as Leo
- Amy Hill as Joscelyn Davis
- John Cho as Dustin 'Dusty' Wong
- Taran Killam as Brett
- Jake Minor as Aaron
- Sparkle as Grandma Pearl
- Ted Rooney as Summer School Teacher
- Michelle Griffin as Shandra Duncan
- Shawn Levy as Wolf Party Guest
- Kenan Thompson as a partygoer
- Dustin Diamond as himself
- Brian Turk as Masher

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Big Fat Liar
- **director**: Shawn Levy
- **producer**: Michael Goldman
Marie Cantin
Brian Robbins
Michael Tollin
- **writer**: Dan Schneider, Brian Robbins (Story)
Dan Schneider (Screenplay)
- **starring**: Frankie Muniz
Paul Giamatti
Amanda Bynes
- **music**: Christophe Beck
Douglas Romayne
- **cinematography**: Jonathan Brown
- **editing**: Stuart Pappé
Kimberly Ray
- **distributor**: Universal Pictures
- **released**: February 8, 2002
- **runtime**: 88 mins.
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $16 million
- **gross**: $52,970,014
Kunal Nayyar

**Kunal Nayyar** (born 30 April 1981) is a British-Indian actor. He is best known for playing _Rajesh Koothrappali_, an astrophysicist on the television series, _The Big Bang Theory_. He also played a terrorist in the series, _NCIS_. He was born in London, England and was raised in New Delhi, India.

## Other websites

- Kunal Nayyar's Official twitter
3 Juno

**3 Juno** (symbol: ) is a main belt asteroid discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding on September 1, 1804. Juno was the third asteroid discovered in the Solar System and is named after Juno, the Roman goddess that is the queen of all gods.

Juno is an S-type asteroid, and is estimated to contain 1% of the total mass of the asteroid belt.

Juno orbits at a slightly closer distance to the Sun than Ceres or Pallas. Its orbit is inclined at around 12° to the ecliptic, but has very big eccentricity in its orbit.

Juno is in the Juno clump, a group of asteroids that share similar orbits, the biggest asteroid of the Juno clump is (32326) 2000 QO62 being 6 kilometers.
Monzón

**Monzón** is a city in Aragón, in Spain. It is about 60 km east of the capital of the province (Huesca). As of the 2010 census, 17,115 people lived there.

The city has a long history. In it, the James I of Aragon was trained in its castle by the knights templar, being a strategic spot between Segre and Cinca valleys. Furthermore, the city owned the Aragonese corts in many times.

Cardinal Richelieu and Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares signed a treaty here, ending the conflict over Valtelline in 1626.

In the present, Monzón has a sporty tradition, with its slogan _Monzón, cuna de deportistas_ (Monzón, birthplace of sportmen). Among them are Conchita Martínez, the only Spanish woman to win the most important and ancient tournament in tennis, Wimbledon, and Eliseo Martín, bronze medal winner in the 3000m steeplechase in the Paris World Championships (2003) - the only non African athlete to get a medal in those Champìonships since 1993.

But Monzon has also been home to Olympic athletes, including Javier Moracho (110 m hurdles) - Spanish record holder for almost 20 years - the decathlete Álvaro Burrell, and the renowned pole vaulter Javier Gazol.
Jackie Gayda

**Jacquelyn Suzanne Gayda** (born November 3, 1981) is an American retired professional wrestler and valet. She is best known for wrestling with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). She won the second season of Tough Enough. She was married to Charlie Haas from 2005 to 2020.

## Championships and awards

- **World Wrestling Entertainment**
    - Tough Enough II (with Linda Miles)
- **Total Nonstop Action Wrestling**
    - Knockout of the Year in 2005
- **Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
    - Worst Worked Match of the Year in 2002 (with Christopher Nowinski vs. Bradshaw and Trish Stratus on _Raw_ on July 7).

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **image**: JackieHaas6.13.09ByLuigiNovi.jpg
- **birth name**: Jacquelyn Suzanne Gayda
- **caption**: Gayda in 2009
- **names**: Jackie
**Jackie Gayda**
Just Jackie
Jackie Haas
Miss Jackie
- **height**: 5 ft 7 in
- **weight**: 132 lb
- **children**: 4
- **birth place**: Strongsville, Ohio, Strongsville, Ohio, U.S.
- **trainer**: Al Snow
Chavo Guerrero Jr.
Hardcore Holly
Jacqueline Moore
Charlie Haas
- **debut**: 2002
- **retired**: 2011
Disco Inferno (wrestler)

**Glenn Gilbertti** (born November 12, 1968 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American professional wrestler who was best known for wrestling with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) under the ring name, **Disco Inferno**. He currently works as a host at the Sapphire Gentlemen's Club, which is a strip club in Las Vegas, Nevada.

## Championships and awards

Gilbertti won many championships during his professional wrestling career:

- **Great Championship Wrestling**
    - GCW Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - GCW Tag Team Championship (one time) with Johnny Swinger
    - GCW Television Championship (three times)
    - GCW United States Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Impact Pro Wrestling (New Zealand)**
    - Armageddon Cup in 2008
- **Mid-Eastern Wrestling Federation**
    - MEWF Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **North Georgia Wrestling Association**
    - NGWA Tag Championship (one time) (with Ashley Clark)
- **Palmetto Pride Championship Wrestling**
    - PPCW Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Swiss Wrestling Federation**
    - SWF Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **World Championship Wrestling**
    - WCW Cruiserweight Championship (one time)
    - WCW World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Alex Wright)
    - WCW World Television Championship (two times)
- **Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
    - Best Gimmick in 1995

## Infobox (wrestler)

- **name**: Glenn Gilbertti
- **names**: **Disco Inferno**
Disqo
**Glenn Gilbertti**
La Cucharacha
- **image**: GlenGilberti.jpg
- **caption**: Gilbertti in 2008.
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, Brooklyn, New York City, New York
United States, U.S.
- **billed**: Brooklyn, New York
- **trainer**: Steve Lawler
- **debut**: November 20, 1991
Ceratophyllum

***Ceratophyllum*** is a genus of flowering plants, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions.

_Ceratophyllum_ grows completely submerged, usually, though not always, floating on the surface, and does not tolerate drought. The plant stems can reach 1–3 m in length. At intervals along nodes of the stem they produce rings of bright green leaves, which are narrow and often much-branched. The forked leaves are brittle and stiff to the touch in some species, softer in others.
Christoph Leitgeb

**Christoph Leitgeb** (born 14 April 1985 in Graz) is a former Austrian football player. He played  in the Austrian Bundesliga for F. C. Red Bull Salzburg and Sturm Graz as a midfielder. He also played in the national team and was a member of Austria's team at Euro 2008.

## Career

He started playing football in the youth teams of SK Sturm Graz in his hometown. In the 2005–06 season he played his first match in the first team of Sturm Graz. The first goal he scored was on 22 April 2006 against Red Bull Salzburg. After two seasons with Sturm Graz he signed with FC Red Bull Salzburg. In his first year he played regularly, but in his second year he had problems with his knees. The following years he came back and played very often from the beginning.

After spending 12 years in Salzburg he went back to SK Sturm Graz. In 2020 he ended his career and works now as scout for SK Sturm.

## International career

His first international match was in a friendly against Croatia on 23 June 2006. (1–4). He played 41 times for Austria.

## Career statistics

|Club|Season|League|Cup|Continental|Total|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Sturm Graz|2005–06|Bundesliga|20|1|1|0|—|21|1|
|2006–07|34|4|0|0|34|4||||
|Red Bull Salzburg|2007–08|Bundesliga|31|4|—|6|0|37|4|
|2008–09|16|0|1|0|3|0|20|0||
|2009–10|33|5|1|0|14|0|48|5||
|2010–11|36|1|1|0|11|0|48|1||
|2011–12|23|2|3|0|8|0|34|2||
|2012–13|22|4|3|0|2|0|27|4||
|2013–14|22|1|5|0|9|0|36|1||
|2014–15|18|0|3|1|10|0|31|1||
|2015–16|3|0|0|0|4|0|7|0||
|2016–17|8|0|3|0|0|0|11|0||
|2017–18|11|0|2|0|3|0|16|0||

### International

|National team|Year|Apps|Goals||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="8"|Austria|2006|7|0|
|2007|9|0|||
|2008|8|0|||
|2009|2|0|||
|2010|1|0|||
|2012|3|0|||
|2013|6|0|||
|2014|5|0|||

## Honours

- Red Bull Salzburg
- Austrian Football Bundesliga: 2008–09, 2009–10, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
- Austrian Cup: 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Christoph Leitgeb
- **image**: FC Admira Wacker Mödling vs. FC Red Bull Salzburg (Cup) 2017-04-26 (103).jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Leitgeb with FC Red Bull Salzburg, Red Bull Salzburg in 2017
- **birth place**: Graz, Austria
- **position**: Attacking midfielder, Central midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1991–2003
- **youthclubs1**: Sturm Graz
- **years1**: 2003–2005
- **years2**: 2005–2007
- **years3**: 2007–2019
- **years4**: 2019–2020
- **clubs1**: Sturm Graz Amateure
- **clubs2**: Sturm Graz
- **clubs3**: FC Red Bull Salzburg, Red Bull Salzburg
- **clubs4**: SK Sturm Graz, Sturm Graz
- **caps2**: 54
- **goals2**: 5
- **caps3**: 229
- **goals3**: 17
- **caps4**: 4
- **goals4**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 287
- **totalgoals**: 22
- **nationalyears1**: 2006–2014
- **nationalteam1**: Austria national football team, Austria
- **nationalcaps1**: 41
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **club-update**: 23 September 2019
- **nationalteam-update**: 16 November 2014
CHERUB

***CHERUB*** is a series of young adult spy books. It is written by English author Robert Muchamore. The series is about a division of the British Security Service named CHERUB. CHERUB takes on children, mostly orphans, as spies. CHERUB stands for **C**harles **H**enderson's **E**spionage **R**esearch **U**nit **B**. This was revealed in the book _Secret Army_, a book in Muchamore's other series, _Henderson's Boys_.

## Infobox (novel series)

- **name**: CHERUB
- **books**: **Series One**
1. The Recruit
2. Class A
3. Maximum Security
4.  Killing
5. Divine Madness
6. Man vs Beast
7. The Fall
8. Mad Dogs
9. The Sleepwalker
9. Dark Sun (mini book)
10. The General
11. Brigands MC
12. Shadow Wave
**Series Two**
1. People's Republic
2. Guardian Angel
3. Black Friday
- **author**: Robert Muchamore
- **country**: Great Britain
- **genre**: Spy fiction
- **publisher**: Hodder Children's Books
- **media type**: Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Diocese of Exeter

The **Diocese of Exeter** is a diocese of the Church of England including the whole of Devon, and it is one of the largest in England. The head of the diocese is the bishop, The Right Reverend Mike Harrison, and the cathedral is in the city of Exeter. It is part of the Province of Canterbury. Two other bishops and four archdeacons help the bishop of the diocese oversee all the Anglican parishes and congregations of Devon. There are 506 parishes in this diocese. Before the founding of the Diocese of Truro in 1876 the whole of Cornwall was also part of the Diocese of Exeter.

## Further information

- exeter.anglican.org Diocese of Exeter official website
- Ancient Diocese of Exeter - From the _Catholic Encyclopedia_
Portrait of an American Family

***Portrait of an American Family*** is the first studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on July 19, 1994. The producers of the album were Trent Reznor and Marilyn Manson. The bassist for the band, Gidget Gein, was fired after the making of the album.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Portrait of an American Family
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: July 19, 1994
- **recorded**: August–December 1993
- **genre**: Alternative metal
industrial metal
- **length**: 61:05
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Nothing Records, Nothing/Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Trent Reznor
Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
- **next title**: Smells Like Children
- **next year**: 1995
Antichrist Superstar

***Antichrist Superstar*** is the second studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on October 8, 1996. The producers of the album were Trent Reznor, Dave Ogilvie, Marilyn Manson and Sean Beavan. There were many protest from religious and civic groups such as the American Family Association because of the band's anti-Christian views.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Antichrist Superstar
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: October 8, 1996
- **recorded**: 1996
- **genre**: Industrial metal
Alternative metal
Industrial rock
- **length**: 77:26
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Nothing Records, Nothing/Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Trent Reznor
Dave Ogilvie
Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
Sean Beavan
- **prev title**: Smells Like Children
- **prev year**: 1995
- **next title**: Remix & Repent
- **next year**: 1997
Mechanical Animals

***Mechanical Animals*** is the third studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on September 14, 1998. The producers of the album were Michael Beinhorn, Marilyn Manson and Sean Beavan. The album received controversy from Wal-Mart because of the album's artwork which features Manson covered from head to toe in latex paint. His genitals are covered by a thin cup of plastic that creates the androgynous appearance of an alien figure that he calls _Omēga_.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Mechanical Animals
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: September 14, 1998
- **recorded**: 1997
- **genre**: Glam rock
Industrial rock
Electronic rock
- **length**: 62:38
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Nothing Records, Nothing/Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Michael Beinhorn
Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
Sean Beavan
- **prev title**: Remix & Repent
- **prev year**: 1997
- **next title**: The Last Tour on Earth
- **next year**: 1999
Welsh Springer Spaniel

The **Welsh Springer Spaniel** is a breed of dog and a member of the spaniel family. They are similar to the English Springer Spaniel and historically have also been called the **Welsh Spaniel** and the **Welsh Cocker Spaniel**. This breed is usually energetic and helps hunters. They are used as a flushing dog. They are closely related to the English Springer Spaniel and the Cocker Spaniel.

## Related pages

- Hunting dog
- Sporting Group

## Infobox (dogbreed)

- **name**: Welsh Springer Spaniel
- **image**: Welsh Springer Spaniel 1.jpg
- **altname**: Welsh Springer
Welsh Starter
- **nickname**: Welshie
- **country**: Wales
- **coat**: Naturally straight flat and soft to the touch, never wiry or wavy
- **colour**: Rich red and white only. Any pattern is acceptable and any white area may be flecked with red ticking.
- **kc name**: The Kennel Club
- **kc std**: http://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/item/118
- **fcistd**: http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/126g08-en.pdf
National Space Science Data Center

The **National Space Science Data Center** (**NSSDC**) is an archive  that stores NASA space science mission data. "Space science" means astronomy and astrophysics, solar and space plasma physics, and planetary and lunar science. It also stores space physics mission data. The NSSDC was first established at the Goddard Space Flight Center in 1966.
Disneyland (disambiguation)

**Disneyland** is the original Disney theme park in Anaheim, California.

**Disneyland** may also refer to:

## Theme parks

- Magic Kingdom, a theme park similar to the original Disneyland, located near Orlando, Florida
- Tokyo Disneyland, a theme park near Tokyo, Japan
- Disneyland Park (Paris), a theme park at Disneyland Paris in France. Previously called _Euro Disneyland_ and _Disneyland Paris_
- Hong Kong Disneyland, a theme park at the Hong Kong Disneyland Resort in China

## Resorts

- Disneyland Resort, a resort complex in Anaheim, California
- Walt Disney World Resort, a resort complex in Lake Buena Vista near Orlando, Florida.
Ascorbic acid

**Ascorbic acid** is a sugar acid. It is white to light-yellow in colour, and comes in the form of crystals or powder. It can dissolve in water. Ascorbic acid was the first chemical compound to be synthesized, and identified, as vitamin C. Other types of vitamin C are salts and esters of ascorbic acid.

## Name

The name is derived from a- (meaning "no") and scorbutus (scurvy), the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.

## Chemistry

Ascorbic acid is a type of organic acid called a reductone. Unlike many other organic acids, it is not a carboxylic acid but an enediol.
Seneca Falls Convention

The **Seneca Falls Convention** was a meeting of people who supported Women's rights. It was at Seneca Falls, New York in on July 19 and July 20, 1848.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a women's rights activist, wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments" which talked about what changes needed to happen. One of these ideas was that men and women are equal, The document argued that women were treated like slaves, which at the time was common because of women's lack of rights compared to men.

Many of the activists at the Convention were Quakers. Quakerism is a pacifistic sect of Christianity.

At the Convention, the activists created a document called the Seneca Falls Declaration. Over one hundred activists signed the document. Not all of these activists were women; men signed too. One man at the meeting was Frederick Douglass.

## Unequal rights

At the time of the Convention, women did not have the right to vote, sign contracts, or buy property. If they were married, they had to give any money they earned to their husbands. Women were also paid less than men.

### Divorce

Many women who wanted divorces couldn't get them because the marriage laws were unequal and favored men. Many women were simply not allowed to divorce because of the rules at the time.

At the time, divorce was fault-based. A person who wanted a divorce needed specific proof that their spouse did something wrong. These things included cheating or cruelty. This is similar to old Catholic marriage.

Even though the Seneca Falls Convention did not directly help with the rights women have during marriage and divorce, women's rights were accelerating and movements at the time were working to make women equal. This convention and others like them helped women's suffrage and were important in taking the small steps needed to create change.
The Golden Age of Grotesque

***The Golden Age of Grotesque*** is the fifth studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on May 13, 2003. The producers of the album were Marilyn Manson, Tim Sköld and Ben Grosse. The album was supposed to be Marilyn Manson's departure from music.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Golden Age of Grotesque
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: May 13, 2003
- **recorded**: 2002–2003
- **genre**: Industrial metal, nu metal
- **length**: 57:32
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Nothing Records, Nothing/Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
Tim Sköld
Ben Grosse
- **prev title**: Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death)
- **prev year**: 2000
- **next title**: Lest We Forget: The Best Of
- **next year**: 2004
Eat Me, Drink Me

***Eat Me, Drink Me*** is the sixth studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on June 5, 2007. The producers of the album were Marilyn Manson and Tim Sköld. It was the last album to feature Tim Skold's contributions because he was replaced by Twiggy Ramirez in the following January.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Eat Me, Drink Me
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: June 5, 2007
- **recorded**: 2006-2007
- **genre**: Industrial metal
alternative metal
- **length**: 52:22
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
Tim Sköld
- **prev title**: The Golden Age of Grotesque
- **prev year**: 2003
- **next title**: The High End of Low
- **next year**: 2009
The High End of Low

***The High End of Low*** is the seventh studio album by American rock band, Marilyn Manson. It was released on May 20, 2009. The producers of the album were Sean Beavan, Marilyn Manson, Chris Vrenna and Jeordie White. Some critics said that they praised the album for showing a more human Manson after following his divorce, and is a return to the sound of the well-received Mechanical Animals.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The High End of Low
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **released**: May 20, 2009
- **recorded**: 2008
- **genre**: Industrial metal
Glam rock
- **length**: 72:12
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: Sean Beavan
Marilyn Manson (musician), Marilyn Manson
Chris Vrenna
Jeordie White
- **prev title**: Eat Me, Drink Me
- **prev year**: 2007
- **next title**: Untitled Marilyn Manson album
- **next year**: 2011
Duck and Cover

**Duck and cover** is a suggested method of protection from nuclear weapons. Duck and cover is a method where the person must lay face-forward towards a wall or under a table in the fetal position. Today it is used for earthquakes and tornadoes.

## Related pages

- Duck and Cover (movie)
- Tornado drill
Schizophreniform disorder

**Schizophreniform disorder** is a mental illness. Usually, people suffering from this disorder show certain symptoms of schizophrenia, but they do not have all of them, or the symptoms are not present long enough. To be recognised as schizophrenia, the symptoms need to be present a full six months. If symptoms are not present for that time period, the illness may be classified as shizophreniform disorder.

The disorder can be treated in much the same way as schizophrenia. There are certain antipsychotic drugs and therapies that can help treat the symptoms.
Posidoniaceae

**Posidoniaceae** is a family of flowering plants. The APG II system classification accept this genus as constituting the sole genus which it places in the order Alismatales, in the clade monocots.
Arma-Goddamn-Motherfuckin-Geddon

"**Arma-Goddamn-Motherfuckin-Geddon**" is a industrial rock song by the American rock band Marilyn Manson and is the first single from their seventh studio album _The High End of Low_, which was released in 2009. There is a remix of the song by the Swedish rock band, Teddybears. The song reached number 37 on the U.S. Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Arma-Goddamn-Motherfuckin-Geddon
- **artist**: Marilyn Manson (band), Marilyn Manson
- **album**: The High End of Low
- **released**: May 18, 2009
- **recorded**: Hollywood, California, USA
- **genre**: Industrial rock
- **length**: 3:42
- **writer**: Marilyn Manson
- **prev title**: We're From America
- **prev year**: 2009
Geological formation

A **formation**, or rock formation, is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy.

A formation consists of a certain number of rock strata. They have similar lithology (rocks), sedimentary facies (appearance) or other properties. Formations are not defined on the thickness of the rock strata, and the thickness of different formations can therefore vary widely.

The concept of formally defined layers or strata is central to stratigraphy. A formation can be divided into 'members' and are themselves packed together in 'groups'.

Formations were initially described as time markers, based on relative dating and the law of superposition. The divisions of the history of the Earth were the formations described and put in chronological order by the geologists and stratigraphers of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Rock formations are formed by sedimentary deposition in environments which may persist for hundreds of millions of years. For example, the Hammersley Basin in Pilbara, Western Australia, is a Proterozoic sedimentary basin where up to 1200 million years of sedimentation is preserved intact. Here, up to 300 million years is represented by a single unit of banded iron formation and shale.

## In order

- Stratigraphic **groups**
    - **Formations**
        - **Members**
            - **Stratum** (the smallest unit)
Laurie Holden

**Heather Laurie Holden** (born December 17, 1969) is an American- Canadian actress, model and human rights activist. She is the daughter of actors Lawrence Holden (aka Glenn Corbett) and Adrienne Ellis. Her stepfather is British director Michael Anderson. Laurie was born in Los Angeles and raised in Toronto. She began her career when she played Rock Hudson's daughter in _The Martian's Chronicles_ (1980).  Her best known roles are _Marita Covarrubias_ in the movie/series _The X-Files_ (1996-2002), Olivia Murray in _The Shield_ (2008), and  _Andrea_ in _The Walking Dead_ (2010-2013). She co-starred with Jim Carrey in _The Majestic_ (2001), played Cybil Bennett in the horror movie _Silent Hill_ (2006) and Amanda Dunfrey in _The Mist_ (2007). In 2014, she starred to the comedy _Dumb and Dumber To_, alongside Jim Carrey, Jeff Daniels and Kathleen Turner. In 2015, she appeared as Dr. Hannah Tramble, an ER surgeon, in the third season of _Chicago Fire_. It was announced Holden would reprise her role as Dr. Tramble in a planted spinoff, _Chicago Med_. Holden will co-star opposite Epatha Merkerson and Yaya Dacosta in the ensemble medical drama. The series is being conceived and written by _Chicago Fire_ creators/executive producers Derek Haas and Michael Brandt.

Holden has dual citizenship - Canadian and American. Her year of birth is given as 1969 by some sources.

She was nominated to Gemini Awards in 1996 for _Due South_ TV Series. In 2011, she was nominated to Saturn Awards and Scream Awards for _The Walking Dead_. In 2013, she win the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress in Television.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Laurie Holden
- **image**: Laurie Holden.JPG
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, United States
- **birth name**: Heather Laurie Holden
- **credits**: * "Marita Covarrubias" in _The X-Files_
* "Andrea" in _The Walking Dead (TV series), The Walking Dead_
Speed metal

**Speed metal** is an sub-genre of heavy metal music that originated in the late 1970s from NWOBHM and hardcore punk roots. It is described by _Allmusic_ as "extremely fast, abrasive, and technically demanding" music.

Motörhead is often credited as the first band to invent/play speed metal. Some of speed metal's earlier influences include Deep Purple's "Fireball" and Queen's "Stone Cold Crazy" (which was eventually covered by the thrash metal band Metallica), from their 1974 album _Sheer Heart Attack_, and Deep Purple's song "Highway Star", from their album _Machine Head_. The latter was called 'early speed metal' by Robb Reiner of speed metal band Anvil. Led Zeppelin's "Communication Breakdown", first released in January 1969, could also be said to be an early template for speed metal as mentioned in Mac Randall's.

Speed metal eventually evolved into thrash metal. Although many tend to equate the two subgenres, there is a distinct difference between them. In his book _Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal_, Ian Christe states that "...thrash metal relies more on long, wrenching rhythmic breaks, while speed metal... is a cleaner and more musically intricate subcategory, still loyal to the dueling melodies of classic metal."
Peugeot 508

The **Peugeot 508** is a car produced by Peugeot since 2010. It replaced both the smaller Peugeot 407 and the larger Peugeot 607. It got facelifted in 2015 and received a new generation in 2018.

## Engines

- _1.6 VTi_ 85 kW (115 hp) and 88 kW (120 hp)
- _1.6 THP_ 110 kW (150 hp) and 115 kW (156 hp)
- _1.6 HDi_ 82 kW (112 hp)
- _2.0 HDi_ 103 kW (140 hp) and 120 kW (163 hp)
- _2.2 HDi_ 150 kW (204 hp)
Till the World Ends

**"Till the World Ends"** is a 2011 single by Britney Spears. The song is second from her seventh studio album _Femme Fatale_. The song was released on March 11, 2011.

## Kesha and Nicki Minaj remix

A remixed version of "Till the World Ends", featuring pop singer Kesha and rapper Nicki Minaj, was leaked online on April 22, 2011.

## Other remixes

A Bollywood version of the song was made by Indian music producer duo Salim and Sulaiman Merchant, and released on DesiHits.com, a website for South Asian music and entertainment news.

Michigan band Salem released a slowed-down version of the song, and made a music video.

A remix featuring R. Kelly was leaked online on July 4, 2011.
Radiation hardening

**Radiation hardening** is the designing of electronic parts and systems so they can withstand the damage done by ionizing radiation.  Such radiation occurs in outer space and when flying at high altitudes in the Van Allen radiation belts. They also occur in nuclear explosions, and near nuclear reactors and other sources of radiation.

There are many techniques which can achieve hardening. The **MRAM**, Magnetoresistive random access memory, is proposed as the solution to long-lasting electronic memory. This is the heart of radiation resistance, because if the system memory is undamaged, the system can be rebooted.
Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories

***Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories*** is the second game in the _Kingdom Hearts_ series, and was released in Japan on November 11, 2004 and in North America on December 7, 2004. It was made for Game Boy Advance.

## Story

The game begins with Sora, Donald and Goofy arriving in Castle Oblivion, where they visit recreations of the worlds they visited before. Each world is on a different floor, and as they move to higher floors, they lose their memories. They are replaced by new ones. When Sora forgets Kairi, she is replaced in his memory by a girl named Naminé. Sora encounters a group called Organization XIII. The group built Castle Oblivion to erase Sora's memories and trick him into joining them. In the end, Naminé tells Sora she erased his memories, and gives him the choice to keep his new memories or have his old ones restored. If his memory is fixed, he will forget everything that happened in Castle Oblivion. He chooses to get his old memories back and tells Naminé he could never forget her. His story ends with him being put to sleep, because it will take Naminé one year to restore his memories. After completing Sora's story, the player can play as Riku, who travels through Castle Oblivion's basement levels. Riku encounters other members like Sora. Riku recalls what he did about Sora and resists Ansem's power.

## Re:Chain of Memories

_Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories_ is a reissue of the game made for the PlayStation 2. It has added cutscenes and battles that were not in the Game Boy version of _Chain of Memories_. It was released together with _Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix +_ in Japan on March 29, 2007, and was released as a standalone title in North America on December 2, 2008.

## Other websites

- _Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories_ - Square Enix's North American official website
- _Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories_ - Square Enix's North American official website
- _Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix+_ - Square Enix's Japanese _Final Mix+_ official website
- Official TOKYOPOP _Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories_ North American manga site
Vic Hadfield

**Victor Edward Hadfield** (born October 4, 1940 in Oakville, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He is best known for playing with the New York Rangers where he is one of the most popular players in the history of the team. He also played with the Pittsburgh Penguins for the last three seasons of his career.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image size**: 200px
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left wing
- **played for**: **National Hockey League, NHL**:
New York Rangers
Pittsburgh Penguins
**American Hockey League, AHL**:
Buffalo Bisons (AHL), Buffalo Bisons
Baltimore Clippers
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 174
- **ntl team**: Canada
- **birth place**: Oakville, Ontario, Oakville, Ontario, Canada
- **career start**: 1959
- **career end**: 1977
Marcus Krüger

**Marcus Krüger** (born 27 May, 1990 in Stockholm, Sweden) is an NHL ice hockey center that currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks. He has also played for the Djurgårdens IF of the SEL for 5 seasons before being recalled by the Blackhawks on March 23, 2011. He was drafted with the 149th overall pick in the 2009 NHL Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks. He signed a three-year contract with the Chicago Blackhawks in June 2010 but he decided to stay with Djurgården during the first year of the contract, later he was recalled from Djurgården to Chicago on 23 March 2011. He scored his first NHL goal in a 5-2 win against the Columbus Blue Jackets on October 29, 2011. On June 24, 2013, He won the Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2 in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals.

## Awards

- Stanley Cup (2013) - <small>with the Chicago Blackhawks</small>
- 2010 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (bronze medal)

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Marcus Kruger - Chicago Blackhawks.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Krüger with the Blackhawks in December 2014
- **team**: Chicago Blackhawks
- **former teams**: Djurgårdens IF Hockey, Djurgårdens IF (Swedish Hockey League, SEL)
Carolina Hurricanes
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **position**: Centre (ice hockey), Centre
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 172
- **ntl team**: SWE
- **birth place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **draft**: 149th overall
- **draft year**: 2009
- **draft team**: Chicago Blackhawks
- **career start**: 2009
Cecil Browne

**Cecil Browne** (February 13, 1896 – August 13, 1985) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He played 13 games for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Browne was named the "Manitoba's Athlete of the Century" in 1970. He quit playing professional hockey because of an injury. He was the AHA Scoring Champion in 1927, is an “Honoured Member” of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame and was inducted into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum in 1980.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **played for**: Chicago Blackhawks
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **image size**: 200px
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 165
- **birth place**: Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- **career start**: 1927
- **career end**: 1927
Daniel Cleary

**Daniel Michael Cleary**  (born December 18, 1978) is a former Canadian ice hockey left and right winger that played for the Detroit Red Wings. He also played for the Chicago Blackhawks for 2 seasons, the Edmonton Oilers for 4 seasons and the Phoenix Coyotes for 1 season. He was drafted with the 13th overall pick in the 1997 NHL Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks. He also played with the Belleville Bulls of the OHL.

## Awards

- He was named to the OHL First All-Star Team in 1996 and 1997
- He was named to the AHL Second All-Star Team in 2000
- He was named the Carhartt “Hardest Working” Player of the Month of January 2008
- Stanley Cup in 2008 with the Detroit Red Wings

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **played for**: Detroit Red Wings
Chicago Blackhawks
Edmonton Oilers
Phoenix Coyotes
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **image**: Daniel_Cleary.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right/left wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 211
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **birth place**: Carbonear, Newfoundland, Carbonear, Newfoundland and Labrador, NF, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: 13th overall
- **draft year**: 1997
- **draft team**: Chicago Blackhawks
- **career start**: 1998
- **career end**: 2017
Nolan Baumgartner

**Nolan Baumgartner** (born March 23, 1976 in Calgary, Alberta) is a Canadian retired ice hockey defenceman. He played a total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Washington Capitals for 4 seasons, the Chicago Blackhawks for 1 season, the Vancouver Canucks for 4 seasons, the Pittsburgh Penguins for 1 season, the Philadelphia Flyers for 1 season and the Dallas Stars for 1 season. He was drafted with the 10th overall pick in the 1994 NHL Draft by the Washington Capitals. He also played with the Kamloops Blazers of the WHL.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **played for**: Vancouver Canucks
Washington Capitals
Chicago Blackhawks
Pittsburgh Penguins
Philadelphia Flyers
Dallas Stars
- **image**: Nolan Baumgartner 2009.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **position**: Defenceman, Defence
- **shot**: Right
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 2
- **weight lb**: 195
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **birth place**: Calgary, Alberta
- **draft**: 10th overall
- **draft year**: 1994
- **draft team**: Washington Capitals
- **career start**: 1996
- **career end**: 2012
Parchment

**Parchment** is a thin material made from animal skin. The most common use for parchment was as a material for writing on, for the pages of a book. It is different to leather in that parchment is limed but not tanned. The better qualities of parchment are named vellum.
David Mendes da Silva

**David Miquel Mendes da Silva Gonçalves** (; born 4 August 1982) is a Dutch former professional footballer of Cape-Verdian ancestry.  He plays as defender or defensive midfielder. He is known for his dribbling and his tackling.

He started his career with Sparta Rotterdam.  He played with Rotterdam for five years.  In 2003 he was on loan to Ajax Amsterdam for part of the season. His next team was NAC Breda. He played with them for two years.  From 2006 to 2010 he played for AZ Alkmaar. Under coach Louis van Gaal he won the Dutch Championship in the 2008–09 season and the UEFA Champions League. He scored against Arsenal London in the 93rd minute on 20th October 2009. In 2010 he went to FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.

### Club honours

**AZ Alkmaar**
- **Dutch Championship**
    - **Winner (1):** 2008–09
- **Dutch Super Cup**
    - **Winner (1):** 2009

## Other websites

- Homepage Red Bull Salzburg:Player profile David Mendes(German)

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: David Mendes da Silva
- **image**: David Mendes da Silva96.JPG
- **image size**: 220
- **caption**: Mendes da Silva with FC Red Bull Salzburg, Red Bull Salzburg in 2012
- **fullname**: Davide Miquel Mendes da Silva Gonçalves
- **birth place**: Rotterdam, Netherlands
- **height**: 1.86 m
- **position**: Midfielder (association football), Defensive midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Activitas
- **youthclubs2**: Sparta Rotterdam
- **years1**: 1999–2004
- **clubs1**: Sparta Rotterdam
- **caps1**: 117
- **goals1**: 8
- **years2**: 2003
- **clubs2**: → AFC Ajax, Ajax (loan)
- **caps2**: 0
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2004–2006
- **clubs3**: NAC Breda
- **caps3**: 56
- **goals3**: 5
- **years4**: 2006–2010
- **clubs4**: AZ Alkmaar, AZ
- **caps4**: 109
- **goals4**: 9
- **years5**: 2010–2013
- **clubs5**: FC Red Bull Salzburg, Red Bull Salzburg
- **caps5**: 43
- **goals5**: 4
- **years6**: 2013–2015
- **clubs6**: Panathinaikos F.C., Panathinaikos
- **caps6**: 38
- **goals6**: 0
- **years7**: 2016–2017
- **clubs7**: Sparta Rotterdam
- **caps7**: 9
- **goals7**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 363
- **totalgoals**: 26
- **nationalyears1**: 2007–2009
- **nationalteam1**: Netherlands national football team, Netherlands
- **nationalcaps1**: 7
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 2015–2016
- **managerclubs1**: Panathinaikos F.C., Panathinaikos (assistant)
Hurricane Igor

**Hurricane Igor** was a destructive tropical cyclone which passed by Bermuda and struck the Island of Newfoundland. This storm was a powerful Category Four hurricane with winds as high as 155 miles per hour. Igor brushed Bermuda as a minor hurricane with minimal damage. In Newfoundland, however, the storm caused $200 million in damage, making Igor the most destructive Atlantic tropical cyclone on record to strike the region. The name **Igor** was retired and replaced by **Ian** for the 2016 Atlantic season.

## Infobox (hurricane)

- **name**: Hurricane Igor
- **type**: hurricane
- **year**: 2010
- **basin**: Atl
- **image location**: Igor 2010-09-13 1640Z.jpg
- **image name**: Hurricane Igor as a strong category 4 hurricane
- **formed**: September 8, 2010
- **dissipated**: September 21, 2010
- **1-min winds**: 135
- **pressure**: 924
- **damages**: 200
- **fatalities**: 4 direct
- **areas**: Cape Verde, Northeastern Caribbean, United States East Coast, Bermuda, Newfoundland (island), Newfoundland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon
- **hurricane season**: 2010 Atlantic hurricane season
Speed of Sound (roller coaster)

**Speed of Sound** is a Boomerang coaster in Walibi Holland in the Netherlands. It is manufactured by Vekoma and opened in 2000 as _La Via Volta_. It operated until 2007 when the park announced it would be shut down. In the same year, the train was sold to Pleasurewood Hills to be operating on Wipeout, also a boomerang coaster. On January 30, 2011, Walibi World announced that the roller coaster will reopen in 2011, with a new style train from Vekoma. The coaster was renamed to Speed of Sound and the track was painted orange.
The coaster also has a unique tunnel on the lift hill where the train go through before starting the ride.

## Other websites

- Speed of Sound on the Walibi Holland website

## Infobox (roller coaster)

- **name**: Speed of Sound
- **image**: Speed of Sound Walibi Holland 4.jpeg
- **previousnames**: La Via Volta
- **location**: Walibi Holland
- **section**: W.A.B Plaza
- **type**: Steel
- **type2**: Shuttle
- **type3**: Boomerang
- **status**: operating
- **manufacturer**: Vekoma
- **designer**: Vekoma
- **model**: Boomerang
- **lift**: Lift Hill, Chain Lift Hill
- **height ft**: 116.5
- **length ft**: 935
- **speed mph**: 47
- **inversions**: 3 inversions. Each completed both forwards and backwards.
- **duration**: 1:48
- **angle**: 56
- **capacity**: 760
- **gforce**: 5.2
- **restriction in**: 48
- **rcdb number**: 773
- **trains**: 1
- **carspertrain**: 7
- **rowspercar**: 2
- **ridersperrow**: 2
Royal Victorian Order

The **Royal Victorian Order** is a British honour. It is given by the King, to people who have served him, or his monarchy personally. Like the Orders of the Garter and Thistle, the Prime Minister does not suggest who should get the honour.

The Order was created in April 1896, by Queen Victoria, as a way of rewarding personal service to her. Today, people receive their award either privately from The King or another member of the Royal Family, or during an investiture.

Often, and on a State Visit, the King will invest people in the country visited before returning to the UK. The British Ambassador and others who have helped the Visit may be rewarded, as can foreigners, and it is often awarded by the Sovereign during official tours overseas. The first foreigners to get the Order were the Prefect of Alpes Maritimes and the Mayor of Nice, during Queen Victoria's visit to the south of France, in 1896.

The Chapel of the Order is The King's Chapel of the Savoy, a 'Royal peculiar', which for historic reasons is in the private possession of the Sovereign, in his or her right as the Duke of Lancaster. The Savoy Chapel is not very big, so now, the service for those who have been given the award is held in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, every four years. Many members of the Royal Family have been given the award, along with many other recipients, who include servants of The King, who have served the Monarchy for many years. The motto is _Victoria_.

## Ranks

In order, the ranks are:

- Knight or Dame Grand Cross (GCVO)
- Knight or Dame Commander (KCVO) or (DCVO, for women)
- Commander (CVO)
- Lieutenant (LVO)
- Member (MVO)

### Royal Victorian Medal

The Royal Victorian Medal was set up at the same time as the order.  It is for personal service to the Sovereign or the Royal Family, and as a mark of royal esteem.

Although the Medal is related to the Royal Victorian Order, it differs in appearance and in the way it is worn. The Medal is given to civilians and non-commissioned military personnel, often to people who have worked for the Sovereign for a long time.
Santa's Little Helper

**Santa's Little Helper** is a fictional character in _The Simpsons._ Santa's Little Helper is a greyhound and is the Simpson family pet. He first appeared in the episode, Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire where he was working as a race dog at a dog track and was abandoned by his owner after he finished in last place. He is then adopted by Homer and Bart. He is brown colored. In the episode The Canine Mutiny, he was shortly left alone by Bart after Bart gets a new dog named _Laddie_ (a parody of Lassie) with his credit card and the repo-men took him but is then re-adopted by Bart after he gets bored of Laddie and goes to search for Santa's Little Helper who was at the time working as a service dog for a blind man.

de:Die Simpsons (Familie)#Knecht Ruprecht

## Infobox (simpsons character)

- **name**: Santa's Little Helper
- **gender**: Male
- **job**: Retired racing dog
- **voiceactor**: Frank Welker (1989–2002)
Dan Castellaneta (2002–present)
- **mother**: She Biscuit
- **adoptive father**: Homer Simpson
Bart Simpson
- **adoptive mother**: Marge Simpson
- **brother**: Brother (name not revealed)
Offspring
- **appearance**: "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire" (1989)