Chongqing

**Chongqing** (Simplified Chinese: 重庆, Traditional Chinese: 重慶; pinyin: Chóngqìng; Postal System Pinyin: Chungking) is a city and a district in Central China.
The Chongqing district is the most populated district of China and has 31,442,300 inhabitants (2005).

## History

Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba that began in 11th century BC, when the Ba people began living here until they were destroyed by the State of Qin in 316 BC.
The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州).

In 581 AD (Sui Dynasty), Chongqing was renamed to Yu Prefecture (渝州).

In 1102 the city was renamed Gong Prefecture.

In 1189 renamed Yu Prefecture to Chongqing Subprefecture.

In 1362 (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebel leader, established Daxia Kingdom at Chongqing for a short time.

In 1621, another short-lived kingdom of Daliang was established there.

In 1891, Chongqing became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners.

Since 1929, Chongqing was a municipality of the Republic of China.
Chongqing was the provisional capital of the government of Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Chinese-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945.
The Japanese bombed Chongqing very hard in World War II.

In 1954, the municipality was reduced to a provincial city of the People's Republic.

## Geography

- Geographic coordinates: 105°17'-110°11' East, 28°10'－32°13' North
- Annual average temperature: 18 °C (64 °F)
- Temperature range: 0 to 47 °C
- Total annual hours of sunshine: 1000-1200
- Annual precipitation: 1000–1400 mm
- Neighbours: Hubei (east), Hunan (east), Guizhou (south), Sichuan (west), Shaanxi (north)

## Twin cities

- Washington, D.C., United States
- Düsseldorf, Germany
- Seattle, United States
- Hiroshima, Japan
- Toronto, Canada
- Brisbane, Australia
- Toulouse, France
- Leicester, England
- Detroit, Michigan, United States

## Universities and Colleges

- Chongqing Institute of Technology
- Chongqing Jiaotong University
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing Technology and Business University
- Chongqing Three Gorges University
- Chongqing University (founded in 1929)
- Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Fuling Teachers College
- Sichuan Fine Arts Institute
- Sichuan International Studies University
- Southwest University
- Southwest University of Political Science and Law
- Third Military Medical University
- Western Chongqing University

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: Direct-controlled municipality of the People's Republic of China, Municipality
- **total type**: Municipality
- **image skyline**: Chongqing montage newest 2013.png
- **image caption**: Clockwise from top: Yuzhong District, Jiefangbei CBD Skyline, Baidicheng, Baidicheng temple, E'gongyan Bridge, Qutang Gorge, and the _Great Hall of the People_.
- **image map**: Chongqing in China (+all claims hatched).svg
- **map caption**: Location of Chongqing Municipality within China
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: People's Republic of China
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: ca. 316 BCE
- **parts type**: Divisions
 - County-level division, County-level
 - Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level, Township-level
- **parts**:
List of administrative divisions of Chongqing, 19 districts, 19 counties
1259 towns, townships, and subdistricts
- **government type**: Direct-controlled municipality of the People's Republic of China, Municipality
- **leader title**: Party chief of the Communist Party of China, CPC Secretary
- **leader name**: Sun Zhengcai
- **leader title1**: .
- **leader title2**: Congress Chairman
- **leader name2**: .
- **leader title3**: Conference Chairman
- **leader name3**: .
- **area total km2**: 82403
- **elevation m**: 237
- **population total**: 28846170
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population demonym**: Chongqinger
- **timezone**: China Standard Time, China Standard
- **utc offset**: +8
- **postal code type**: Postal code of China, Postal code
- **postal code**: 4**000** 00 - **4099** 00
- **area code**: Telephone numbers in China, 23
- **blank name**: Gross domestic product, GDP
- **blank info**: 2016
- **blank1 name**:  - Total
- **blank1 info**: CNY 1750 billion
US$ 254.5 billion (List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP, 23rd)
- **blank2 name**:  - Per capita
- **blank2 info**: CNY 39,500
US$ 6,191 (List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP per capita, 13th)
- **blank3 name**: Human Development Index, HDI (2008)
- **blank3 info**: 0.783 (List of China administrative divisions by HDI, 18th) — <span style="color:#fc0;">medium</span>
- **blank4 name**: Licence plates of the People's Republic of China, Licence plate prefixes
- **blank4 info**: A, B, C, F, G, H
- **blank5 name**: ISO 3166-2
- **blank5 info**: CN-50
- **blank6 name**: City flower
- **blank6 info**: Camellia japonica, Camellia
- **blank7 name**: City tree
- **blank7 info**: Ficus lacor
- **website**: