Thurgau

**Thurgau** is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population is 228,200 (2003). The capital is Frauenfeld.

## Geography

To the north of Thurgau is Lake Constance, across which are Germany and Austria. The river Rhine makes the border in the northwest. To the south is the Canton of St. Gallen; to the west are the cantons of Zürich and Schaffhausen.

The area of the canton is 991 km<sup>2</sup> and is usually divided into three hilly areas. One of these is along Lake Constance to the north. Another is inland between the rivers Thur and Murg. The third one makes the southern border of the canton and comes together with the Hörnli mountain in the pre-Alps.

## History

In prehistoric times the lands of the canton were inhabited by people of the Pfyn culture along the lake. During Roman times the canton was part of the province _Raetia_ until in 450 the lands were settled by the Alamanni. It was only in the 8th century that the canton became a political unit similar to what it is known today, as a Gau of the Frankish Empire. At the time, however, the area was not so clearly defined and changed frequently. Overall, the size of the Thurgau was larger, but during the Middle Ages the canton became smaller in size. The dukes of Zähringen and the counts of Kyburg took over much of the land.
The town of Zürich was part of the Thurgau until it became _reichsunmittelbar_ in 1218. When the Kyburg dynasty became extinct in 1264 the Habsburgs took over that land. The Swiss confederation allied with ten freed bailiwicks of the former Toggenburg seized the lands of the Thurgau from the Habsburgs in 1460, and it became subject territory of Zürich.

In 1798 the land became a canton for the first time as part of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 the canton of Thurgau became a member of the Swiss confederation. The current cantonal constitution dates from 1987.

## Economy

The canton of Thurgau is known for farm produce such as apples, pears, and other fruits and vegetables. The many orchards in the canton are used for the making of cider. Wine is produced in the Thur valley.

There is also industry in the canton of Thurgau. The main industries are printing, clothing and arts and crafts. Small and middle-sized businesses are important for the economy. Many of these are concentrated around the capital.

## Demographics

The population is mostly German speaking. Most of the population are Protestants with the rest being Roman Catholics.

## Districts

The Canton of Thurgau is divided into eight districts, and each is named after its capital:

- Steckborn with capital **Steckborn**.
- Frauenfeld with capital **Frauenfeld**.
- Kreuzlingen with capital **Kreuzlingen**.
- Weinfelden with capital **Weinfelden**.
- Bischofszell with capital **Bischofszell**.
- Diessenhofen with capital **Diessenhofen**.
- Münchwilen with capital **Münchwilen**.
- Arbon with capital **Arbon**.

## Municipalities

There are 80 municipalities in the canton (as of April 2004):

## Other websites

- Official site
- Official statistics

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Thurgau
- **official name**: Canton of Thurgau

- **settlement type**: Cantons of Switzerland, Canton
- **image flag**: Flag of Canton of Thurgau.svg
- **image shield**: Wappen Thurgau matt.svg
- **shield size**: 80x80px
- **map alt**: Map of Switzerland, location of Thurgau highlighted
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Frauenfeld
- **parts type**: Subdivisions
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Municipalities of the canton of Thurgau, 80 municipalities
- **p2**: Districts of Switzerland#Thurgau, 5 districts
- **leader title**: List of cantonal executives of Switzerland, Executive
- **leader name**: Regierungsrat (5)
- **leader title1**: List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland, Legislative
- **leader name1**: Grosser Rat (130)
- **population density km2**: auto
- **iso code**: CH-TG
- **blank name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Highest point
- **blank info sec1**: : Hohgrat
- **blank1 name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Lowest point
- **blank1 info sec1**: : Thur (Rhine), Thur at the cantonal border in Neunforn
- **blank name sec2**: History of Switzerland#Order of accession of the cantons, Joined
- **blank info sec2**: 1803
- **blank1 name sec2**: Languages
- **blank1 info sec2**: German language, German