juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Richard and Mary Parker

**Richard and Mary Parker** are fictional characters appearing in Marvel Comics, commonly in _Spider-Man_ stories. They first appeared in _The Amazing Spider-Man Annual_ # 5 in 1968 created by Stan Lee and Larry Lieber.

## Overview

Richard Parker is the younger brother of Benjamin 'Uncle Ben' Parker, he is married to Mary Parker whose maiden name is Fitzpatrick and the father of Peter Parker / Spider-Man. Since the first issue Peter was raised by his Aunt May and Uncle Ben but it didn't explain where his parents were. In their first appearance in a flashback it is revealed that they were murdered by the supervillain Albert Malik also known as the Red Skull. In comics from the 1990's it is revealed that Richard Parker was recruited into the CIA by Nick Fury, that he was pretending to be a Russian double agent and that he and his wife were killed in a plane crash caused by sabotage. Harry Osborn later creates robots that look just like Richard and Mary to trick Peter Parker into thinking that his parents are still alive and then reveals that they are not to destroy him.

## In other media

In Spider-Man the Animated Series, Richard and Mary were mentioned in the episode “ Six Forgotten Warriors”. They were believed to be Russian spies but Peter found the truth by sneaking into a Russian records building. They were actually American spies trying to figure out what the Russians were doing. Peter went into the building as Spider-Man but convinced Jonah to get him into Moscow via a possible report on Spider-Man being there. Unfortunately there was no more story beyond this as Peter told aunt may but the story ended without conclusion.

In the 2012 movie _The Amazing Spider-Man_, Dr. Richard Parker is a scientist who disappeared after he and his wife left their son Peter Parker with his Uncle Ben and Aunt May. He is also responsible for the creation of the genetically engineered superspider that bites Peter and gives him his powers.
Red Hills (Kansas)

The **Red Hills** (also called **Gypsum Hills**) is a physiographic area. It is mostly in Clark, Comanche and Barber counties in southern and central Kansas. This land has a lot of red rock. It does not fit the normal description of the Great Plains land of Kansas.

## Other websites

- Red Hills Focus Area-U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
- Gypsum Hills on Kansastravel.org
Crime in Kansas

This article refers to crime in the U.S. state of Kansas.

## Statistics

In 2008, there were 106,141 crimes reported in Kansas, including 113 murders.

## Capital punishment laws

Capital punishment is allowed in Kansas.
Falfurrias, Texas

**Falfurrias** ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Brooks County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,609 at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- City of Falfurrias official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Falfurrias, Texas
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "The Land of Heart's Delight"
- **image skyline**: Brooks County Courthouse, Falfurrias, Texas.JPG
- **image caption**: The Brooks County Courthouse in Falfurrias
- **image map**: TXMap-doton-Falfurrias.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Falfurrias, Texas
- **image map1**: Brooks County Falfurrias.svg
- **mapsize1**: 250px
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Texas
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Texas, County
- **subdivision name2**: Brooks County, Texas, Brooks
- **government type**: Council-Manager
- **leader title**: City Council
- **leader title1**: City Administrator
- **established date**: 1948
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 7.41
- **area land km2**: 7.41
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 2.86
- **area land sq mi**: 2.86
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 4609
- **population density km2**: 622.00
- **population density sq mi**: 1610.98
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **elevation m**: 35
- **elevation ft**: 115
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 78355
- **area code**: Area code 361, 361
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 48-25368
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1335669
Floresville, Texas

**Floresville** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Wilson County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Floresville, Texas
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Floresville, TX, water tower IMG_2657.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: <span style="font-size:100%;">Floresville water tower</span>
- **image map**: Wilson County Floresville.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Floresville in Wilson County, Texas, Wilson County, Texas
- **pushpin map**: Texas#USA
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Texas, County
- **subdivision name1**: Texas
- **subdivision name2**: Wilson County, Texas, Wilson
- **government type**: Council-manager government
- **leader title**: City Council
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 19.99
- **area total sq mi**: 7.72
- **area land km2**: 19.92
- **area land sq mi**: 7.69
- **area water km2**: 0.07
- **area water sq mi**: 0.03
- **elevation m**: 119
- **elevation ft**: 390
- **population total**: 7203
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 403.89
- **population density sq mi**: 1046.03
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 78114
- **area code**: Area code 830, 830
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 48-26160
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1357499
Bongkel

The **Bongkel** is a musical instrument from Indonesia. It is made from bamboo in the Banyumasan region.
Rif Dimashq Governorate

**Rif Dimashq Governorate** ( __, literally, the "Governorate of the Countryside of Damascus", Damascus Suburb) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and al-Suwayda (comprising the historic Hauran region) in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city-governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

## Districts

The governorate is divided into ten districts ( ; manatiq). There were nine district until February 2009, when Qudsaya District was created from parts of Markaz Rif Dimashq and Al-Zabadani districts. The districts are further divided into 37 sub-districts.There is a small village belonging to the Damascus countryside (Ghouta) called Aqraba, which is characterized by its fields and agricultural orchards.  ( ;nawahi).

|Districts|Population (Census 2004)||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Markaz Rif Dimashq|align="right"|837,804|
|Douma|align="right"|433,719|
|Al-Qutayfah|align="right"|119,283|
|Al-Tall|align="right"|115,937|
|Yabroud|align="right"|48,370|
|An-Nabek|align="right"|80,001|
|Al-Zabadani|align="right"|63,780|
|Qatana|align="right"|207,245|
|Darayya|align="right"|260,961|
|Qudsaya|align="right"|105,974|
|_Total Governorate_|align="right"|2,273,074|

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Rif Dimashq Governorate
- **native name**: مُحافظة ريف دمشق
- **native name lang**: ar
- **settlement type**: Governorates of Syria, Governorate
- **image map**: Rif Dimashq in Syria (+Golan hatched).svg
- **map caption**: Map of Syria with Rif-dimashq highlighted
- **coor pinpoint**: Damascus
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **parts type**: Mintaqah, Manatiq (Districts)
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: 10
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Douma, Syria, Douma
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 18032
- **population total**: 2,836,000
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
- **blank name sec1**: Syria#Languages, Main language(s)
- **blank info sec1**: Arabic language, Arabic
- **timezone1**: Eastern European Time, EET
- **utc offset1**: +2
- **timezone1 dst**: Eastern European Summer Time, EEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +3
- **iso code**: SY-RD
Damascus Governorate

**Damascus Governorate** ( __) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. Completely surrounded by the Rif Dimashq Governorate, it consists only of the city of Damascus, the capital of Syria, and the suburb of Yarmouk Camp.

The governorate's area is around 107 km<sup>2</sup>, encompassing the area of the city of Damascus and the Yarmouk Camp, while the population is around 1,711,000.

## Geography

Damascus occupies a strategic location on a plateau which rises 680 m (2,230 ft) above sea level and about 80 km (50 mi) inland from the Mediterranean, sheltered by the Anti-Lebanon mountains, supplied with water by the Barada River. The Anti-Lebanon mountains which mark the border between Syria and Lebanon, bock precipitation from the Mediterranean sea, so that the region of Damascus is sometimes subject to droughts. However, in ancient times this was mitigated by the Barada River, which originates from mountain streams fed by melting snow. Damascus is surrounded by the Ghouta, an irrigated farmland where many vegetables, cereals, and fruits have been farmed since ancient times.

The governorate occupies an area of 107 km<sup>2</sup>, 79 km<sup>2</sup> of which is urban (77 in Damascus, 2 in Yarmouk Camp) while the rest is occupied by Mount Qasioun which overlooks the city.

## Climate

Damascus has a cold desert climate (_BWk_) in Köppen-Geiger system, due to the rain shadow effect of the Anti-Lebanon mountains and the prevailing ocean currents. Summers are dry and hot with less humidity. Winters are cool and somewhat rainy; snowfall is infrequent. Annual rainfall is around , occurring from October to May.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Damascus Governorate
- **native name**: مُحافظة دمشق
- **native name lang**: ar
- **settlement type**: Governorates of Syria, Governorate
- **image map**: Damascus in Syria (+Golan hatched).svg
- **map caption**: Map of Syria with Damascus highlighted
- **coor pinpoint**: Damascus
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Syria
- **parts type**: Mintaqah, Manatiq (Districts)
- **parts style**: para
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Damascus
- **leader title**: Governor
- **leader name**: Adel al-Olabi
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population total**: 1,711,000
- **population as of**: 2010 est.
- **population density km2**: auto
- **blank name sec1**: Syria#Languages, Main language(s)
- **blank info sec1**: Arabic language, Arabic
- **timezone1**: Eastern European Time, EET
- **utc offset1**: +2
- **timezone1 dst**: Eastern European Summer Time, EEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +3
- **iso code**: SY-DI
2019 Atlantic hurricane season

The **2019 Atlantic hurricane season** was the fourth consecutive season of above-average and damaging seasons dating back to 2016. This hurricane season has 20 tropical cyclones and 18 named storms in total in which tropical cyclones were formed in the Northern Hemisphere at the Atlantic basin. The season officially began on June 1, 2019, and ended on November 30, 2019.

Subtropical Storm Andrea formed on May 20, making 2019 the fifth consecutive season in which storms formed before the official start of the hurricane season; this breaks the record of four consecutive years set in 1951-1954. Barry became the first hurricane of the season in early July. Hurricane Dorian became a first major hurricane of the season in late August, and later became a Category 5 hurricane on September 1, making 2019 the fourth consecutive season to feature at least one Category 5 hurricane (Matthew in 2016; Irma and Maria in 2017; Michael in 2018). Tropical Storm Imelda formed on September 17 and caused catastrophic flooding over Southeast Texas, making Imelda one of the wettest tropical cyclones in U.S. history. Hurricane Lorenzo became a second Category 5 hurricane of the season on September 29, making 2019 one of the Atlantic hurricane seasons to feature more than one Category 5 hurricane; and also, this made Lorenzo the easternmost Category 5 hurricane on record, surpassing Hurricane Hugo in 1989. The season ended with Tropical Storm Sebastian on November 25.

## Storms

For a record fifth consecutive year, activity began before the official start of the season when Subtropical Storm Andrea formed on May 20. No storms formed in the month of June, but activity resumed in July when Hurricane Barry formed. Tropical Depression Three formed soon afterwards. After the dissipation of Three less than 24 hours later, the activity again suppressed. However, nearly a month later, on August 21, Tropical Storm Chantal formed, making the 2019 hurricane season the second latest starting season of the 21st century. Early on August 24, Chantal dissipated. Later that day, Dorian formed. On August 26, a tropical depression formed off the coast of North Carolina Carolina.

## Infobox (hurricane season)

- **basin**: Atl
- **year**: 2019
- **track**: 2019 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png
- **first storm formed**: May 20, 2019
- **last storm dissipated**: November 25, 2019
- **strongest storm name**: Hurricane Dorian, Dorian
- **strongest storm pressure**: 910
- **strongest storm winds**: 160
- **average wind speed**: 1
- **total depressions**: 20
- **total storms**: 18
- **total hurricanes**: 6
- **total intense**: 3
- **damagespre**: >
- **damages**: 11611
- **fatalities**: 98 total (86 direct, 12 indirect)
- **five seasons**: 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, 2017, 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, 2018, **2019**, 2020 Atlantic hurricane season, 2020, 2021 Atlantic hurricane season, 2021
- **season timeline**: Timeline of the 2019 Atlantic hurricane season
- **west pacific season**: 2019 Pacific typhoon season
- **east pacific season**: 2019 Pacific hurricane season
- **north indian season**: 2019 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Des Coleman

**Desune Franklin "Des" Coleman** (born 14 March 1969) is a British actor, singer
and weather presenter. He is known for his role of Lenny Wallace in BBC's _EastEnders_. In 2007 and a standby weather presenter for Laura Tobin on the ITV breakfast programme _Good Morning Britain_. He became the weatherman for BBC's _East Midlands Today_ but was fired in 2011. In 2016, he joined ITV Central's _ITV News Central_ as the weather presenter.

Coleman spent time in prison in his twenties. While at acting school, Coleman was diagnosed with a form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. He is in remission.

In November 2018, Coleman was rushed to hospital after a collapse due to hemorrhage in the bowels. He underwent surgery to remove tumors in his bowel and spent two days on life-support. He made a recovery three months later in February 2019.

## Other websites

- Ratpack singer's weather calling

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Des Coleman
- **birth name**: Desune Franklin Coleman
- **birth place**: Derbyshire, Derbyshire, England
- **othername**: Des, Desune
- **occupation**: Weather presenter
Singer
Actor
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **employer**: Notts TV
ITV News Central, ITV News Central Weather
- **known for**: ITV News Central
BBC Radio Derby
East Midlands Today (2007–11)
- **television**: EastEnders (1996–1999)
The Bill (2003)
ITV News Central, ITV News Central Weather
ITV Weather
The One Show (current)
- **notable works**: Lenny Wallace in _EastEnders_
2003 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup

The **2003 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup** was the eighth edition of the tournament. It was the first World Cup held in Africa, co-hosted by South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Kenya. Australia won the tournament for the third time, defeating India in the final.

## Other websites

- Cricket World Cup 2003 at BBC Sport
- Cricket World Cup 2003 at ESPN Cricinfo
- Cricket World Cup 2003 at Guardian.co.uk Sport

## Infobox (cricket tournament)

- **name**: 2003 Cricket World Cup
- **administrator**: International Cricket Council
- **cricket format**: One Day International
- **tournament format**: Round-robin tournament, Round-robin and Single-elimination tournament, Knockout
- **host**: South Africa
Zimbabwe
Kenya
- **champions**: Australia men's national cricket team, Australia
- **count**: 3
- **runner up**: India men's national cricket team, India
- **participants**: 14
- **matches**: 54
- **player of the series**: Sachin Tendulkar
- **most runs**: Sachin Tendulkar (673)
- **most wickets**: Chaminda Vaas (23)
- **previous year**: 1999
- **previous tournament**: 1999 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup
- **next year**: 2007
- **next tournament**: 2007 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup
- **fromdate**: 9 February 2003
- **todate**: 23 March 2003
Dieter Enders

**Dieter Enders** (17 March 1946 – 29 June 2019) was a German organic chemist. He was known for his work creating asymmetric synthesis, such as using modified prolines as asymmetric auxiliaries. He was born in Butzbach, Hesse. Enders worked at RWTH Aachen University in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

Enders died on 29 June 2019 in Aachen at the age of 73.

## Other websites

- Dieter Enders Home Page
- Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Dieter Enders
Astrid North

**Astrid North** (born **Astrid Karina North Radmann**; 24 August 1973 – 25 June 2019) was a German soul singer and songwriter. She was the singer of the German band . She released five albums with them. She was also a guest singer of the band  for which she published three albums. North was born in Berlin.

North died on 25 June 2019 from pancreatic cancer in Berlin, aged 45.
M. J. Radhakrishnan

**M. J. Radhakrishnan** (1957/1958 – 12 July 2019) was an Indian cinematographer. He worked in Malayalam movies. He was born in Punalur, Kollam. His best known works included _Deshadanam_, _Karunam_ and _Naalu Pennungal_.

Radhakrishnan died on 12 July 2019 from cardiac arrest at a hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala at the age of 61.
Claudio Naranjo

**Claudio Benjamín Naranjo Cohen** (24 November 1932 – 12 July 2019) was a Chilean-born American psychiatrist and writer. He was known as an important person in integrating psychotherapy and the spiritual traditions. He was known as the co-creator of the Enneagram of Personality theories and a founder of the Seekers After Truth Institute.

Naranjo died on 12 July 2019 at his home in Berkeley, California at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Fundación Claudio Naranjo
- Claudio Naranjo's personal website
- Claudio Naranjo by Ginger Lapid-Bogda

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Claudio Naranjo
- **image**: ClaudioNaranjo.JPG
- **caption**: Naranjo in 2007
- **birth name**: Claudio Benjamín Naranjo Cohen
- **birth place**: Valparaíso, Chile
- **death place**: Berkeley, California, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: Chilean
- **citizenship**: Chile
- **employer**: University of Chile
- **spouse**: Married 4 times
Thousand Palms, California

**Thousand Palms** is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 7,967 at the 2020 census. Thousand Palms is located at .

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Thousand Palms, California
- **settlement type**: census-designated place
- **image map**: Riverside_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Thousand_Palms_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in Riverside County, California, Riverside County and the state of California
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: California
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name2**: Riverside County, California, Riverside
- **unit pref**: US
- **area total sq mi**: 23.641
- **area land sq mi**: 23.641
- **area water sq mi**: 0
- **area total km2**: 61.230
- **area land km2**: 61.230
- **area water km2**: 0
- **area water percent**: 0
- **elevation ft**: 246
- **elevation m**: 75
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 7967
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, PST
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 92276
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area codes
- **area code**: Area codes 442 and 760, 442/760
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature IDs
- **blank1 info**: ,
Rumen Surdzhiyski

**Rumen Ivanov Surdzhiyski** (Bulgarian: _Ру́мен Ивано́в Сурджийски_; 24 September 1943 – 11 July 2019) was a Bulgarian movie director and screenwriter. His career began in 1968. He was born in Glozhene, Vratsa Province, Bulgaria. Surdzhiyski was known for his movies _Swan_ (1976), _Snapshots as Souvenirs_ (1979) and _Place Under the Sun_ (1986).

Surdzhiyski died on 11 July 2019 in Sofia at the age of 75.

## Other websites

- National Academy for Theater and Film Arts (NATFA) “Krastyo Sarafov”
- Dobrich Drama Theatre "Yordan Yovkov"
Asasey hotel attack

On 12 July 2019, al-Shabaab militants launched an attack on the Asasey hotel in Kismayo, Somalia.

Two notable journalists were killed in the attack including a Somali Canadian, Hodan Nalayeh. Three Kenyans, three Tanzanians, two Americans and a Briton were also killed in the attack.

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **date**: 12 July 2019
- **fatalities**: 26 (+4)
- **injuries**: 56
- **location**: Asasey Hotel, Kismayo, Somalia
- **perp**: Al-Shabaab (militant group), Al-Shabaab
- **timezone**: UTC+03:00
- **type**: suicide attack, Suicide car bombing, mass shooting
- **weapons**: Explosives, guns
Hodan Nalayeh

**Hodan Nalayeh** (; ;  1976 – July 12, 2019) was a Somali-Canadian media executive, marketing consultant, social activist and businesswoman. She was the President of the Cultural Integration Agency and the Vice President of Sales & Programming Development of Cameraworks Productions International. She was also a television producer who worked on _American Idol_ and _So You Think You Can Dance_. She was born in Las Anod, Somalia.

She lived in Toronto, Ontario. Nalayeh and her husband Farid were killed during a terrorist attack at Hotel Asasey in Kismayo, Somalia, on July 12, 2019.

## Other websites

- International Award-Winning, Cameraworks Productions, Introduces VP, Sales & Programming Development - Hodan Nalayeh
Plains, Pennsylvania

**Plains** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Plains Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of the CDP was 4,293 at the 2020 census, out of 9,808 in the entire township.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Plains, Pennsylvania
- **settlement type**: Census-designated place
- **pushpin map**: Pennsylvania#USA
- **pushpin label**: Plains
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Pennsylvania##Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Pennsylvania, County
- **subdivision name2**: Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, Luzerne
- **subdivision type3**: Township (Pennsylvania), Township
- **subdivision name3**: Plains Township, Pennsylvania, Plains
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 3.31
- **area land km2**: 3.31
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 4293
- **population density km2**: 1298.22
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **area code**: 570
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 42-61112
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **area total sq mi**: 1.28
- **area land sq mi**: 1.28
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population density sq mi**: 3361.79
Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania

**Lackawanna County** is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 215,896. Its county seat and largest city is Scranton.
Joseph Edward Kurtz

**Joseph Edward Kurtz** (born August 18, 1946) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the fourth and current Archbishop of Louisville, Kentucky since 2007. He was the Bishop of Knoxville, Tennessee from 1999 to 2007. Kurtz also was the President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops between 2013 and 2016.

Kurtz was born in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania. He was raised in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In July 2019, Kurtz was diagnosed with a form of bladder cancer.

## Other websites

- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville Official Site
Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania

**Mahanoy City** (pronounced MAHA-noy) is a borough located  southwest of Wilkes-Barre and 13 miles southwest of Hazleton. It is located entirely within but is not part of Mahanoy Township. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,499.
Social gadfly

A **social gadfly** is a term for people who like to upset the status quo by asking upsetting or original questions. A gadfly tries to stimulate innovation by annoying others.

This word was coined by Socrates.
Georgian Bay Islands National Park

**Georgian Bay Islands National Park** () is a national park in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. The park is made up of 63 different small islands and parts of islands in Georgian Bay near Port Severn, Ontario. The largest island in the park is Beausoleil Island.

## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Georgian Bay Islands National Park
- **iucn category**: II
- **photo**: Glacier water sunset.jpg
- **photo caption**: Sunset in August 2018
- **map**: Canada Southern Ontario
- **map caption**: Location of _Georgian Bay Islands National Park_ in Canada
- **location**: Ontario, Canada
- **nearest city**: Midland, Ontario
- **area km2**: 13.5
- **established**: 1929
- **governing body**: Parks Canada
Orlando Pride

**Orlando Pride** is a soccer team founded in 2015.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Orlando Pride
- **image size**: 200px
- **fullname**: Orlando Pride
- **stadium**: Exploria Stadium
Orlando, Florida
- **capacity**: 25,500
- **owner**: Flávio Augusto da Silva <small>(majority)</small>
Phil Rawlins <small>(minority)</small>
- **mgrtitle**: Head Coach
- **manager**: Marc Skinner
- **league**: National Women's Soccer League
- **season**: 2018 National Women's Soccer League season, 2018
- **position**: 7th
- **website**: http://orlando-pride.com
- **current**: 2019 Orlando Pride season
- **pattern la1**: _orlpfc
- **pattern b1**: _orlpfc19h
- **pattern ra1**: _orlpfc
- **leftarm1**: 08A6DF
- **body1**: 633393
- **rightarm1**: 08A6DF
- **shorts1**: 633393
- **socks1**: 633393
- **pattern b2**: _pride18a
- **leftarm2**: FFFFFF
- **body2**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm2**: FFFFFF
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **socks2**: FFFFFF
Kanchi Natarajan Gandhi

**Kanchi Natarajan Gandhi** (born 1948) is a botanist and curator.

This author is usually abbreviated «Gandhi» when citing a botanical name.

## Taxa named by Gandhi

Piptochaetium fuscum Barworth, Cialdella et Gandhi
Cisco Systems

**Cisco Systems, Inc.** is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley. Cisco develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products. Through its numerous acquired subsidiaries, such as OpenDNS, WebEx, Jabber and Jasper, Cisco specializes into specific tech markets, such as Internet of Things (IoT), domain security and energy management.

Cisco stock was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is also included in the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index.

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, two Stanford University computer scientists. They pioneered the concept of a local area network (LAN) being used to connect geographically disparate computers over a multiprotocol router system. By the time the company went public in 1990, Cisco had a market capitalization of $224 million. By the end of the dot-com bubble in the year 2000, Cisco had a more than $500 billion market capitalization.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Cisco Systems, Inc.
- **logo**: Cisco logo blue 2016.svg
- **image**: Cisco Systems Headquarters (Building 10), Cisco San Jose Main Campus.jpg
- **image size**: 270px
- **image caption**: Building 10 of the Cisco San Jose Main Campus
- **type**: Public company, Public
- **founded**: in San Francisco, California, United States
- **hq location city**: San Jose, California
- **hq location country**: United States
- **subsid**: List of acquisitions by Cisco Systems
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **industry**: Networking hardware & Networking software, software
- **products**: List of Cisco products
- **num employees**: 74,200
Sunninghill Park

**Sunninghill Park** was a country house and estate of about  directly north of Cheapside.

The early 19th-century house burned down in 1947. A replacement was built on the grounds during the final years of the 1980s to be the official residence of the Duke of York from 1990 until 2004. It was sold in 2007. The house fell into disrepair and was demolished in 2016.

## First house

Sunninghill Park was originally part of Windsor Forest until 1630, when King Charles I granted it to Thomas Carey. The first significant house was built on the estate in the late Georgian period in the early 19th century, being a stucco building of two stories with later additions.

It served as the headquarters of the American Ninth Air Force from November 1943 to September 1944. The Crown Estate Commissioners purchased the property from Philip Hill in 1945. The main house was to be occupied by Princess Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth II) and her future husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, after their wedding in November 1947. However, the house burned down on 30 August 1947 before their wedding, so they rented Windlesham Moor instead. In the mid-1960s, the site was considered for a new home for Princess Margaret.

## Second house

In 1986, the walled garden of  was purchased from the Crown Estate Commissioners on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II. Construction began on a two-storey red brick house the following year, for it to be the home of the Duke and Duchess of York. It was completed in 1990.

Following the death of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother in 2002, it was announced that the Duke of York would be given her former home Royal Lodge in Windsor instead. The Duke of York and his former wife shared the family's home until 2004, when he moved to the Royal Lodge. He refurbished the Lodge and took out a mortgage on Sunninghill Park to pay for it. The Duchess of York moved out in 2006.

The house fell into an increasing state of disrepair. By 2009, it had "doors hanging open, weeds sprouting through the terrace paving, windows broken, grass growing through the cover over the empty swimming pool, peeling paintwork and a general air of dereliction." In July 2009, Bracknell Forest Borough Council thought about seizing the property under the Housing Act 2004 and using it as a homeless shelter, following several reported break-ins. In 2013 the owner was granted planning permission to demolish it and replace it with a larger house, and in 2014, photos showed the former royal home appeared to be seriously dilapidated. Demolition was temporarily halted when more than 100 bats were found roosting under its roof, but it eventually was demolished.

## Other websites

- Pathé film of the first house after it was destroyed by fire
SkyTeam Cargo

**SkyTeam Cargo** is a global cargo alliance in which all members are also members of the SkyTeam airline alliance. SkyTeam Cargo is the largest cargo alliance, it competes with the WOW Alliance.

Following the founding of the SkyTeam on 22 June 2000, the creation of its cargo division, _SkyTeam Cargo_, was announced in September that year. The alliance's inaugural members were Aeroméxico Cargo, Air France Cargo, Delta Air Logistics, and Korean Air Cargo, whose passenger airline operations are members of SkyTeam.

## Members

|style="background:#000f89; color:white; width:200px;"|Member airline|style="background:#000f89; color:white; width:60px;"|Joined|style="background:#000f89; color:white; width:250px;"|Division airline|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Aerolíneas Argentinas Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Aerolíneas Argentinas|||
|Aeroméxico Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Aeroméxico|||
|Air France Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Air France|||
|ITA Airways Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||ITA Airways|||
|China Airlines Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||China Airlines|||
|China Cargo Airlines|style="text-align:center;"||China Eastern Airlines|||
|China Southern Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||China Southern Airlines|||
|CSA Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Czech Airlines|||
|Delta Air Logistics|style="text-align:center;"||Delta Air Lines|||
|KLM Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||KLM|||
|Korean Air Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Korean Air|||
|Saudia Cargo|style="text-align:center;"||Saudia|||

## Other websites

- Official website of SkyTeam
Maraging steel

**Maraging steel** are iron-nickel alloys with cobalt, molybdenum, titanium and aluminium added. They do not have carbon. The term maraging comes from the strengthening mechanism, which is transforming the alloy to martensite with subsequent age hardening.
2019 Audi Cup

The **2019 Audi Cup** (the sixth edition of the Audi Cup) will be a two-day football tournament in Munich, Germany. The participating teams are Bayern Munich, Real Madrid, Tottenham Hotspur, and Fenerbahçe.

## Infobox (international football competition)

- **year**: 2019
- **dates**: 30–31 July
- **country**: Germany
- **num teams**: 4
- **confederations**: 1
- **venues**: 1
- **cities**: 1
- **prevseason**: Audi Cup 2017, 2017
Aranyaka

The **Aranyakas** (; Sanskrit: **' )  is the philosophy behind sacrifice of the ancient Hindu sacred texts, the Vedas. They are usually part of the later parts of Vedas, and are one of many layers of the Vedic text. The other parts of Vedas are the Samhitas (benedictions, hymns), Brahmanas (commentary), and the Upanishads (spirituality and abstract philosophy).

## Other reading

- Jan Gonda (1975), A History of Indian Literature: Volume 1, Vedic Literature: (Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas), Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, , **Chapter IX: The Āraṇyakas''' (For context, see other chapters as well).
Time in India

The Republic of India uses one time zone, which is Indian Standard Time (IST). This is 5:30 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. India does not observe Daylight Saving Time (DST).

## Other time zones

- Bombay Time (UTC+04:51)
- Madras Time (UTC+05:21)
- Calcutta Time (UTC+05:54)
- Chaibagaan Time (UTC+06:30)

## Related pages

- Daylight Saving Time
Eurovision Song Contest 2020

The **Eurovision Song Contest 2020** was a cancelled singing competition that was to be held in The Netherlands, after Duncan Laurence won the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song ”Arcade”.

## Cancellation

On 18 March 2020, it was announced that the contest would be cancelled due to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in Europe. It's the first in the history of the contest to be cancelled.

After the show was cancelled, the European Broadcasting Union organised a replacement show called Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light, to show the selected entries in place of the Grand Final on 16 May. Rotterdam remained as the host city of the next year's contest.

## Planned contestants

|Country|Broadcaster|Artist|Song|Language|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|RTSH|Arilena Ara|"Fall from the Sky"|English||
|AMPTV|Athena Manoukian|"Chains on You"|English||
|SBS|Montaigne|"Don't Break Me"|English||
|ORF|Vincent Bueno|"Alive"|English||
|İTV|Efendi|"Cleopatra"|English||
|BTRC|VAL|"Da vidna" <small>()</small>|Belarusian||
|VRT|Hooverphonic|"Release Me"|English||
|BNT|Victoria|"Tears Getting Sober"|English||
|HRT|Damir Kedžo|""|Croatian||
|CyBC|Sandro|"Running"|English||
|ČT|Benny Cristo|"Kemama"|English||
|DR|Ben and Tan|"Yes"|English||
|ERR|Uku Suviste|"What Love Is"|English||
|Yle|Aksel|"Looking Back"|English||
|France Télévisions|Tom Leeb|" (The Best in Me)"|French, English||
|GPB|Tornike Kipiani|"Take Me as I Am"|English||
|NDR|Ben Dolic|"Violent Thing"|English||
|ERT|Stefania|"Supergirl"|English||
|RÚV|Daði og Gagnamagnið|"Think About Things"|English||
|RTÉ|Lesley Roy|"Story of My Life"|English||
|IPBC|Eden Alene|"Feker Libi" <small>()</small>|English, Amharic||
|RAI|Diodato|""|Italian||
|LTV|Samanta Tīna|"Still Breathing"|English||
|LRT|The Roop|"On Fire"|English||
|PBS|Destiny|"All of My Love"|English||
|TRM|Natalia Gordienko|"Prison"|English||
|AVROTROS|Jeangu Macrooy|"Grow"|English||
|MRT|Vasil|"You"|English||
|NRK|Ulrikke|"Attention"|English||
|TVP|Alicja|"Empires"|English||
|RTP|Elisa|""|Portuguese||
|TVR|Roxen|"Alcohol You"|English||
|C1R|Little Big|""|English, Spanish||
|SMRTV|Senhit|"Freaky!"|English||
|RTS|Hurricane|"Hasta la vista"|Serbian||
|RTVSLO|Ana Soklič|""|Slovene||
|RTVE|Blas Cantó|""|Spanish||
|SVT|The Mamas|"Move"|English||
|SRG SSR|Gjon's Tears|""|French||
|UA:PBC|Go_A|"Solovey" <small>()</small>|Ukrainian||
|BBC|James Newman|"My Last Breath"|English||
Due to the rules of the Contest, the entries from the cancelled 2020 Contest were not allowed to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021. However, many of the original artists returned with new songs while others were replaced.
Brian Giles

**Brian Stephen Giles** (JAYH-ulz; born January 20, 1971) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. During his career he played for the Cleveland Indians, Pittsburgh Pirates and San Diego Padres. The left-handed Giles was a two-time All-Star and had a career line of .291/.400/.502 with 287 home runs, 411 doubles, 1,078 runs batted in (RBI), and 1,183 walks in 1,847 games.  Although a bit suspect with the glove, Giles was a do-it-all batter at the plate, posting one of the highest OPS of all-time.  During his prime, Giles carried a stagnant Pittsburgh Pirates offense as the main batting prowess outside of Aramis Ramírez in the lineup and posted an OPS over 1.  He received MVP votes every year during this time.

Giles was known for his unique, low-crouched batting stance at the plate, similar to Jeff Bagwell.

His younger brother, Marcus Giles, is a former Major League infielder who was most notable for playing with the Atlanta Braves organization.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Brian Giles
- **image**: Brian Giles 2008.jpg
- **caption**: Giles with the San Diego Padres
- **position**: Outfielder
- **bats**: Left
- **throws**: Left
- **birth place**: El Cajon, California
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: September 16
- **debutyear**: 1995
- **debutteam**: Cleveland Indians
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: June 18
- **finalyear**: 2009
- **finalteam**: San Diego Padres
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .291
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 287
- **stat3label**: Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 1,078
- **teams**: * Cleveland Indians (–)
* Pittsburgh Pirates (–)
* San Diego Padres (–)
- **awards**: * 2× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (2000 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2000, 2001 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2001)
Benito Santiago

**Benito Santiago Rivera** (born March 9, 1965) is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball catcher, who played for twenty seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB).  In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Santiago was considered the premier catcher in the National League (NL).  Santiago was not a great batter and showed little pop at the plate, but he is considered one of the greatest defensive catchers of all time.  As a veteran catcher, he was known for his patience with helping rookie pitchers adapt to the new challenges posed by the major leagues.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Benito Santiago
- **image**: Billy Davis and Benito Santiago (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Santiago and Billy Davis (Arizona politician), Billy Davis in 2009
- **position**: Catcher
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: Ponce, Puerto Rico
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: September 14
- **debutyear**: 1986
- **debutteam**: San Diego Padres
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: April 11
- **finalyear**: 2005
- **finalteam**: Pittsburgh Pirates
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .263
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 217
- **stat3label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 920
- **teams**: * San Diego Padres (–)
* Florida Marlins (–)
* Cincinnati Reds ()
* Philadelphia Phillies ()
* Toronto Blue Jays (–)
* Chicago Cubs ()
* Cincinnati Reds ()
* San Francisco Giants (–)
* Kansas City Royals ()
* Pittsburgh Pirates ()
- **highlights**: * 5× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (1989 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1989–1992 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1992, 2002 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2002)
* NLCS MVP (2002 NLCS, 2002)
* NL Rookie of the Year (1987)
* 3× Gold Glove Award (1988–1990)
* 4× Silver Slugger Award (1987, 1988, 1990, 1991)
* San Diego Padres Hall of Fame
Jason Kendall

**Jason Daniel Kendall** (born June 26, 1974) is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1996 through 2010 for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Oakland Athletics, Chicago Cubs, Milwaukee Brewers, and Kansas City Royals. He is the son of former catcher Fred Kendall, who played in the majors from 1969–1980.  Not known for his batting abilities and lacking in power, Kendall was a great defensive catcher.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Jason Kendall
- **image**: IMG 0178 Jason Kendall.jpg
- **caption**: Kendall with Kansas City Royals
- **position**: Catcher
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: San Diego, California
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: April 1
- **debutyear**: 1996
- **debutteam**: Pittsburgh Pirates
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: August 30
- **finalyear**: 2010
- **finalteam**: Kansas City Royals
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .288
- **stat2label**: Hit (baseball), Hits
- **stat2value**: 2,195
- **stat3label**: Home runs
- **stat3value**: 75
- **stat4label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat4value**: 744
- **teams**: * Pittsburgh Pirates (–)
* Oakland Athletics (–)
* Chicago Cubs ()
* Milwaukee Brewers (–)
* Kansas City Royals ()
- **awards**: * 3× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (1996 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1996, 1998 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1998, 2000 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2000)
Mike Matheny

**Michael Scott Matheny** (born September 22, 1970) is an American former professional baseball player and manager. He is currently a special adviser for player development for the Kansas City Royals. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for 13 seasons as a catcher for the Milwaukee Brewers, Toronto Blue Jays, St. Louis Cardinals and San Francisco Giants.  Matheny's best years were spent with the Cardinals.  He won four Rawlings Gold Glove Awards.  Matheny holds the National League record for most consecutive games caught without making an error as a catcher.  He is considered one of the greatest defensive catchers of all time.

Matheny later managed the St. Louis Cardinals. As manager, Matheny's teams won one National League (NL) pennant and three NL Central division titles. He bats and throws right-handed, stands 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall, and weighs 205 pounds (93 kg).

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Mike Matheny
- **image**: MikeMathenyphotoday2013.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Matheny with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2013
- **position**: Catcher / Manager (baseball), Manager
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: Columbus, Ohio
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: April 7
- **debutyear**: 1994
- **debutteam**: Milwaukee Brewers
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: May 31
- **finalyear**: 2006
- **finalteam**: San Francisco Giants
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .239
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 67
- **stat3label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 443
- **stat4label**: Managerial record
- **stat4value**: 591–474
- **stat5label**: Winning %
- **teams**: **As player**
* Milwaukee Brewers (–)
* Toronto Blue Jays ()
* St. Louis Cardinals (–)
* San Francisco Giants (–)
**As manager**
* St. Louis Cardinals (–)
- **highlights**: * 4× Rawlings Gold Glove Award, Gold Glove Award (2000, 2003–2005)
Torii Hunter

**Torii Kedar Hunter** (/ˈtɔːriː/; born July 18, 1975) is an American former professional baseball center fielder and right fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and Detroit Tigers from 1997 through 2015. Hunter was a five-time All-Star, won a major league record nine consecutive Gold Glove Awards as a center fielder, and was a two-time Silver Slugger Award winner.  Hunter was known for his trademark ability to rob batters of home runs at the outfield wall, particularly as the center fielder for the Twins.  Hunter is regarded as arguably the greatest defensive outfielder of all time.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Torii Hunter
- **image**: Torii Hunter on June 2, 2013.jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Hunter with the Tigers
- **position**: Center fielder / Right fielder
- **birth place**: Pine Bluff, Arkansas
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: August 22
- **debutyear**: 1997
- **debutteam**: Minnesota Twins
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: October 3
- **finalyear**: 2015
- **finalteam**: Minnesota Twins
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .277
- **stat2label**: Hit (baseball), Hits
- **stat2value**: 2,452
- **stat3label**: Home runs
- **stat3value**: 353
- **stat4label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat4value**: 1,391
- **teams**: * Minnesota Twins (–)
* Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (–)
* Detroit Tigers (–)
* Minnesota Twins ()
- **highlights**: * 5× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (2002 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2002, 2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2007, 2009 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2009, 2010 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2010, 2013 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2013)
* 9× Gold Glove Award (2001–2009)
* 2× Silver Slugger Award (2009, 2013)
* Minnesota Twins Hall of Fame
Escort agency

An **escort agency** is a company that provides escorts for clients, usually for sexual services. Individual girls who provide this kind of service are known as call girls. The practice is close to being prostitution.

There are escort agencies which provide escorts for occasions or for a visit to an event. This is a more legitimate service. Such agencies provide security, especially for females attending an event.
Tracy Edwards

**Tracy Edwards** is a sailboat racer. In 1989 she organized an 12-woman crew to participate in the _Whitbread Round the World Race_. It was rare for women to sail in those days. The duration of this race was nine months.

A documentary called _Maiden_ was made about the race.