juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Michael Tilson Thomas

**Michael Tilson Thomas** (born  December 21, 1944), is an American conductor, pianist and composer.  He is the conductor of the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra.

## Life

Tilson Thomas was born in Los Angeles, California.  His grandparents were well known actors of the Yiddish theatre.  Tilson Thomas studied at the University of Southern California.

After being assistant conductor at the Bayreuth Festival his first important opportunity came in 1969 when the conductor William Steinberg became unwell during a concert with the Boston Symphony Orchestra.  Tilson Thomas took over conducting the rest of the concert.   He stayed with the orchestra as assistant conductor until 1974, making several recordings with them.  He was conductor of the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra from 1971 to 1979. During this time he conducted a series of Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic. From 1981 to 1985 he was the main guest conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra. Tilson Thomas started a new orchestra, the New World Symphony, in Miami, Florida in 1987, to give talented young people a chance to play with a good orchestra.  From 1988 to 1995, he was principal conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra, and since 1995 he has been their main guest conductor. In 1995, he became conductor (music director) of the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra.

Tilson Thomas has conducted many styles of music, especially American music such as that of Charles Ives and Aaron Copland. He also recorded all nine symphonies of Gustav Mahler.

In 2009 Tilson Thomas created the YouTube Symphony Orchestra to give a concert that could be watched on YouTube.  The orchestra was made up of young players from 30 different countries.

Tilson Thomas is openly gay.

## Other websites

- Michael Tilson Thomas official website
Esa-Pekka Salonen

**Esa-Pekka Salonen** (born 30 June 1958) is a Finnish conductor and composer. He is conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic and the Philharmonia Orchestra in London. He and his family live in Los Angeles, California.

## Life

Salonen was born in Helsinki, Finland. He studied at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki, learning the French horn, composition and conducting. Later he studied composition with several composers including Einojuhani Rautavaara.

He started conducting in 1979 with the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, mainly in order to conduct his own compositions. In 1983 he was asked at short notice to conduct the Philharmonia Orchestra when Michael Tilson-Thomas was ill. This concert made him well known as a conductor.

Salonen was principal conductor of the Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1984 to 1995.

He first conducted in the United States in 1984 with the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In 1989 he became Principal Guest Conductor of the orchestra and soon became music director. He has had this title ever since.

In 1992, he took the orchestra to the Salzburg Festival where they gave concert performances and well as playing in the opera house for the opera _Saint-François d'Assise_ by Olivier Messiaen. They toured throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia, and performed at the Lucerne Festival in Switzerland, the BBC Proms in London, in Cologne for a festival of Salonen's own compositions, and in 1996 at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris for a Stravinsky festival conducted by Salonen and Pierre Boulez. The orchestra sounded very good in the Paris concert hall, and it made people realize that they needed a better concert hall in Los Angeles. Soon the Walt Disney Concert Hall was built there.

In 2008, Salonen became the main conductor of the Philharmonia Orchestra. He will leave his job with the Los Angeles Philharmonic in 2009. He wants to have more time to compose.

Salonen married Jane Price who used to play with the Philharmonia Orchestra. They have three children.

## Other websites

- Esa-Pekka Salonen - Official Website
Emergency telephone

An **emergency telephone** is a special telephone that can be used in an emergency situation. Such telephones can usually  be found on highways, and other big roads. They can also be found in places where people feel unsafe, such as big parks or the campuses of universities. Emergency telephones are also placed at spots where many people commit suicide, like bridges or cliffs.

Emergency phones are usually connected directly to emergency services, there is no need to dial a telephone number. Lifting the receiver or pushing a button will make the call. Very often, emergency telephones will also tell the other side where they are. This is because people may not know where they are, or they may be in shock because of an accident that just happened.

There are many special rules that apply to emergency telephones. They need to be in special colors, because color-blind people may not be able to tell the difference between certain colors. They also need to be easy to use. In an emergency situation, many people do not have time to think about how to operate them.
F-Zero

***F-Zero*** is a racing video game first made for the SNES, where Captain Falcon made his debut. It involves racing around a track at high speeds. Other games in the _F-Zero_ series are _F-Zero X_ for Nintendo 64, _F-Zero: Maximum Velocity_ for Game Boy Advance. _F-Zero GX_ for Nintendo GameCube and _F-Zero: GP Legend_ for Game Boy Advance.

## References

- Notes

- References

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Nintendo EAD
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **director**: Kazunobu Shimizu
- **producer**: Shigeru Miyamoto
- **composer**: Masaru Tajima
Mitsuteru Furukawa
Naoto Ishida
- **series**: _F-Zero (franchise), F-Zero_
- **platforms**: Super Nintendo Entertainment System, Virtual Console (Wii, Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, New Nintendo 3DS), Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online
- **released**: **Super Nintendo Entertainment System:**
**Virtual Console (Wii):**
**Virtual Console (Wii U):**
**Virtual Console (New 3DS):**
**Super Nintendo Entertainment System - Nintendo Switch Online:**

- **genre**: Racing video game, Racing
- **modes**: Single-player, multiplayer
Gujarati people

**Gujarati people** (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી લોકો Gujǎrātī loko?), or **Gujaratis**, is an umbrella term used to describe traditionally Gujarati-speaking people who can trace their ancestry to the state of Gujarat within the Republic of India.
Steller's sea cow

**Steller's sea cow** (_Hydrodamalis gigas_) is an extinct aquatic mammal.

It is a member of the order Sirenia, which today consists of dugongs and manatees. Discovered in 1741, Steller's sea cow weighed about 10 tonnes. It fed on kelp, and lived in shallow waters around the Bering Sea. Hunted relentlessly for their meat, they died out 27 years after their discovery. The reduction in the kelp supply may also have contributed to their extinction.
Schinus areira

**Schinus areira** is a tree of the sumac family. The pepper tree _Schinus areira_ is a weed in Australia. It is often grown as shade or street tree.

## Other websites

- Areal of S.areira
Bilal ibn Ribah

**Bilal ibn Ribah** (578-638) was one of the companions of Muhammad. Bilal was an Ethiopian black slave.

## Life history

Bilal ibn Rabah (, also called Bilal al-Habashi) was an Ethiopian born in Mecca in the late 6th century, sometime between 578 and 582.Bilal was an Ethiopian slave. Bilal's owner was Umayyah ibn Khalaf, an enemy of Islam. When Bilal learned about Muhammad and became Muslim, his master started punishing him. When Muhammad heard about this, he ordered Abu Bakr to buy Bilal's freedom and Bilal -who was now free- joined Muhammad's companions.

Muhammad choose Bilal as the first muezzin. A muezzin is someone who leads the call to daily prayer. Sometimes Bilal walked the streets to call Muslims to come to prayer but most of the times, he said the Adhan from the top of the mosque.

Some years later, when the Muslim army walked towards Mecca, everyone ran to their homes and closed all doors and windows. They were afraid that the Muslims were going to kill them, because of the bad things they did to the Muslims many years ago. But, the Muslims went towards the Kaaba, the worship house believed to be built by Abraham and his elder son, Ishmael. Bilal, shouted out loud to the people of Mecca that they were all safe: "All those who lay down arms are safe. All those in the house of Abu Sufyan are safe. All those behind closed doors are safe."

After Muhammad died, Bilal never said the Adhan again - except on two occasions. Once in Syria and the second time, in Medina, when Muhammad's grandson, Hasan ibn Ali asked him to do so.

Bilal died in Damascus between 638 and 642 (AD).

## Legacy

Hadith books are the collections of Muhammad's sayings.

Muhammad used to say about Bilal:

When Bilal was chosen as the Muezzin, some people complained to Muhammad. They believed only an Arab can be a Muezzin, because Bilal could not pronounce the Arabic words correctly and he used to pronounce "s" instead of "sh". When Muhammad heard their complaint, he said:
Aisha

**Aisha bint Abu Bakr** (614–678; ) was the third wife of Muhammad. Aisha is given honour in Islam, especially in the Sunni branch. She is often called by Muslims _Umm-al-mu'minin_, which means "Mother of the Believers".

Aisha was the daughter of Abu Bakr of Mecca. according to ibn hisham hadith she was 6 years old when Muhammad married her and 9 or 10 years old when he consummated the marriage with her. coincidently.  this is disputed by some scholars who use historical sources and from other statements of ibn hisham to prove she was older, some of the numbers include  22-23 or 14-15 (according to calculation of her sister age who was 10 years older, she lived until 73 AH and aged 100 at her death, if this is rounded then another calculation using fatima's age (born 605. five years before first revelation) put her at 600 of birth, and her age at death be 95, which results in 14-15 of her sister onsummation)) (calculation of fatima's age who is considered 5 years older)  and her remembering revelation of surah qamar (otherwise being 1 year old) and 17-18  and other ages. this view is not held by the majority of scholars who kept tight to hadith of ibn hisham. She was Muhammad's favorite wife according to sunnis, and he married seven others after her. She was the only virgin that he ever married. She  was also a scholar of  Islamic jurisprudence and narrated the fourth most  ahadeeth from him.

She was married to Muhammad for nine years until his death in 632. Aisha lived fifty more years in and around Medina.

## Shia view

Unlike the Sunni branch of Islam, Shiites view Aisha as a evil woman for her actions. They reject her title of "the Mother of the Believers" and send curses upon her for her actions. Many Shiites also celebrate the death of Aisha by sending more curses upon her and celebrating with food.

## Infobox (person)

- **honorific prefix**: Mother of the Believers
- **name**: Aisha bint Abu Bakr
- **image**: Ayesha bint Abi Bakr.png
- **caption**: Caligraphy of her name
- **native name**: عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ
- **native name lang**: ar
- **birth date**: 614
- **death date**: 678
Deputy

A **deputy** is a person who helps someone do their job when they are not there.  "Deputy" is a rank or title.  It usually refers to someone who is "second-in-command".  For example: a "Deputy Master" is someone who will take over the responsibilities of the Master when the Master is not there.  A "deputy conductor" will conduct an orchestra when the main (principal) conductor is not there.  It is similar to an "assistant".  Someone who is working as a deputy will **deputize** (stand in for someone else).

Sometimes other terms are used such as "vice".  A vice-president will take over the responsibilities of the president when he (or she) is not there or is ill.
André Previn

**André Previn** (born **Andreas Ludwig Prewin**; April 6, 1929 – February 28, 2019) was a German-American pianist, conductor, and composer.

## Life

André Previn was born as Andreas Ludwig Priwin to a Jewish family in Berlin, Germany. He may have been born in 1930, but cannot be sure as his birth certificate was lost when he emigrated to the United States with his family in 1939 to escape the Nazis. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1943.

When he arrived in America he lived in Los Angeles. He started to be well known by composing movie scores for Hollywood movies.

In 1967, Previn became conductor of the Houston Symphony Orchestra and in 1968 conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He stayed with the LSO for eleven years. His television series _André Previn's Music Night_ helped to make classical music popular in Britain. From 1976 to 1984, Previn was conductor of the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra (PSO), with whom he made another television series called _Previn and the Pittsburgh_. He was also principal conductor of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.

In 1985 he became conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic, but because of disagreements he resigned in 1989.

Previn made many recordings and composed many movie scores and other musical works. He also toured and recorded as a jazz pianist. Later he concentrated on composing classical music.

Previn received many prizes and honours. In the United Kingdom he was knighted in 1996. He is particularly remembered in Britain for a guest appearance he made on the Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show in 1971 where Eric Morecambe (who called him Andrew Preview) pretended to play the Piano Concerto by Edvard Grieg with Previn conducting. When Previn told him he was playing all the wrong notes, Morecambe grabbed him by his jacket and said that he was playing "all the right notes, but not necessarily in the right order".

## Personal life

Andre Previn was married five times. His fifth marriage was to the German violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter for whom he wrote a violin concerto. They divorced in 2006.

Previn died on February 28, 2019 at home in Manhattan aged 89.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: André Previn
- **image**: Andre Previn (on In Tune, BBC Radio, 2012).jpg
- **birth name**: Andreas Ludwig Prewin
- **birth place**: Berlin, Germany
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **citizenship**: Germany
United States (from 1943)
- **occupation**: pianist, Conductor (music), conductor, composer
- **spouse**: Betty Bennett (m. 1952–1958, divorced)
Dory Previn (m. 1959–1970, divorced)
Mia Farrow (m. 1970–1979, divorced)
 Heather Mary Hales (m. 1982–1999, divorced)
Anne-Sophie Mutter (m. 2002–2006, divorced)
Gramophone

**Gramophone** can refer to several things:

- A type of phonograph, a machine for recording and replaying sound
- Gramophone record, a disc for storing analogue sound
- _Gramophone_ (magazine), a British magazine about classical music
- Gramophone Company, a British record company, existing from 1897 to 1931
Franz Welser-Möst

**Franz Welser-Möst** (born Linz, 16 August 1960) is an Austrian conductor. He is the conductor (music director) of the Cleveland Orchestra.

## Life

Franz Leopold Maria Möst was born in Linz, Austria. He learned to play the violin, but after being injured in a car accident he changed to conducting.

In 1985 he changed his stage-name to "Welser-Möst" after the town of Wels where he grew up. He soon started to be invited to conduct major orchestras. He appeared at the Salzburg Festival in 1985, then conducted the London Philharmonic Orchestra in 1986 and, from 1989 he appeared a lot in the United States. He conducted the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra, Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, New York Philharmonic and Chicago Symphony Orchestra. In 1990, Welser-Möst became main (principal) conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. He received a lot of criticism and left the LPO in 1996.

In 1995, he went to the Zurich Opera House where he conducted many operas including complete cycles of Wagner's Ring Cycle. He left the Zurich post in 2008.

Since 2002, Welser-Möst has been conductor of the Cleveland Orchestra.

In 2007, the Austrian government made him musical director (Generalmusikdirektor) of the Vienna State Opera beginning in September 2010.

He has made many recordings.

## Other websites

- Franz Welser-Möst biography  at The Cleveland Orchestra
Commerzbank Tower

**Commerzbank Tower** is a skyscraper in Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany. At 259 meters, or 850 feet (300 meters with antenna included), it is Germany's tallest skyscraper and the third tallest building in Europe. It was completed and opened in 1997.

Commerzbank Tower is located in Frankfurt's district _Innenstadt_ in the centre of the city. It is home to the headquarters of the second largest German bank, Commerzbank.

## History

From 1970 onwards, the previous head offices were centralised in Frankfurt am Main, where the legal seat has also been located since 1990. In the early 1990s, Commerzbank sought to build a new skyscraper in the center of Frankfurt am Main. The aim was to consolidate a large part of the rented locations in the city. The extraordinary skyscraper was designed by Lord Norman Foster. Since 1997, the tower has been a prominent feature of the Frankfurt skyline and is regarded as a model for environmentally friendly and energy-saving architecture.

## Architecture

The floor plan forms a triangle with slightly outwardly curved sides. The tower appears open and transparent due to the atrium, also triangular. A double-skin facade encloses the building. The stepped top of the tower creates a striking building termination and sets an expressive sign for the banking district. The building was constructed from 1994 to 1997 and cost 600 million DM. It has 56 floors and an area of 109,200 square metres. The architect who designed the building is Norman Foster. The skyscraper weighs about 200,000 tonnes and contains 18,800 tonnes of steel - twice as much as the Eiffel Tower in Paris.

## Green Building

The architect and his client worked together to make the Commerzbank tower innovatively environmentally- and climate-friendly. Natural ventilation and environmentally-friendly air conditioning create a long-term contribution to climate protection. The tower has been supplied entirely with "green" electricity since the beginning of 2008 and - like all Commerzbank buildings - is cleaned exclusively with biodegradable cleaning products. In 2009 the city of Frankfurt awarded the Commerzbank tower the "Green Building Frankfurt" award.

## Present

The magnificent building at the Kaiserplatz in Frankfurt is the Commerzbank's Head Office, and 2.800 people work there.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Commerzbank Tower
- **floor count**: 56
- **start date**: 1994
- **opening**: 1997
- **building type**: Commercial offices
- **cost**: 600 million DM
- **developer**: Commerzbank
- **architect**: Norman Foster
- **structural engineer**: Arup
Krebs und Kiefer
- **main contractor**: Hochtief AG
Messeturm

**MesseTurm** is a skyscraper in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany. In English it is known as the _Trade Fair Tower_. It is Germany's second tallest, and at the time of its building, it was the tallest building in Europe. It is the fourth tallest building in Europe. It is 257 metres (840 feet) tall.

MesseTurm is located in Frankfurt's district _Westend_. This is near the same named Trade Fair-Area in the centre of the city. It is home to the German headquarters of Reuters, Goldman Sachs and Credit Suisse.

The construction began in 1988. It was finished in 1991. It was the tallest building in Europe, between 1991 and 1997. In 1997, Commerzbank Tower became the tallest building in Germany. It was only two metres higher than MesseTurm. The construction of the building's foundation set a world record. The world record was for the longest continuous concrete pour. Ninety trucks poured concrete for 78 hours. They poured it into the  deep foundation.

There is a pyramid on the very top of MesseTurm. It is  tall. This makes it very different from other skyscrapers. Because of this shape, people in Germany often call it "The Pencil."
Book of Enoch

<span lang="mr" dir="ltr">The</span> **Book of Enoch** is a book claiming to be written by Enoch. He was the great-grandfather of Noah and son of Jared in the Bible. However, scholars consider it to be Pseudepigrapha. It is not part of the Bible canon and only the Ethiopian Orthodox Church says it is part of the Bible. The Book is an old Hebrew text, likely written in the 2nd century BC, and contains material on the origins of demons and giants, why some angels fell from heaven, an explanation of why Noah's Flood was morally necessary, and a description of the thousand-year reign of the Messiah. It is interesting to many Christians because the ninth verse of the first chapter is quoted in the Epistle of Jude 1:14-15.
Anton LaVey

**Anton Szandor LaVey** (April 11, 1930 – October 29, 1997), born **Howard Stanton Levey**, was the founder of the Church of Satan. He created a religion called LaVeyan Satanism. He wrote several books describing his beliefs. His first book was called _The Satanic Bible_. He reported a dramatic life story, although some say he lied about his past.

## Early life

**Anton Szandor LaVey** was born Howard Stanton Levey on April 11, 1930 in Chicago, Illinois. His family moved to the San Francisco Bay Area of California soon after he was born. He was talented with musical instruments, particularly the pipe organ and calliope. He read a lot. His biography says that he stopped going to high school to join the circus. When the carnival was not active, he played organ in burlesque houses. He then worked as a police photographer in San Francisco, though this has been questioned.

## Church of Satan

In the 1960s, LaVey began giving lectures at his house to a group of people he called his "Magic Circle." A member of this Circle told him that his ideas could become a religion. He agreed, and founded the Church of Satan in 1966. In 1969, he published _The Satanic Bible_. _The Satanic Bible_ was a collection of writings he had published in the past years that outlined his philosophies and the basics of the religion. It was influenced by Ayn Rand, Friedrich Nietzsche, H. L. Mencken, and other authors and philosophers. In 1971, LaVey published _The Compleat Witch_ (later released as _The Satanic Witch_). _The Satanic Witch_ was a manual of magic. In 1972, LaVey published _The Satanic Rituals_. This contained instructions for performing rituals. In the 1990s, LaVey published two books of essays, _The Devil's Notebook_ and _Satan Speaks_.

## Death

LaVey died on October 29, 1997. His death was caused by pulmonary edema (fluid in his lungs). This was brought on by his heart disease.

## Other websites

- Official website of the Church of Satan
- The Anton Szandor LaVey Memorial
Hurricane Ike

**Hurricane Ike** was one of the most damaging tropical cyclones in United States history, having caused about $38 billion dollars in damage. It was the sixth-costliest Atlantic hurricane in U.S. history. Hurricane Ike was the ninth named storm, fifth hurricane, third major hurricane and the most-intense hurricane of 2008 in terms of pressure.  Ike may have caused up to 195 deaths. Most deaths happened in Haiti and the U.S. together. Haiti was still recovering from Tropical Storm Fay, Hurricane Gustav, and Hurricane Hanna.

## Storm history

The storm that eventually became Hurricane Ike started near the west coast of Africa on August 28. The storm grew quickly as it moved to the west-northwest. On September 1, the storm formed into Tropical Depression Nine when the storm was over the central Atlantic Ocean. Later that day Tropical Depression Nine became Tropical Storm Ike.

## After the storm

In spring 2009, the name "Ike" was retired due to severe damage it caused, particularly in Texas. It was replaced by "Isaias" for the 2014 season.

## Infobox (hurricane)

- **name**: Hurricane Ike
- **type**: hurricane
- **year**: 2008
- **basin**: Atl
- **image location**: Ike 2008-09-04 1440Z.jpg
- **image name**: Hurricane Ike near peak intensity on September 4
- **formed**: September 1, 2008
- **dissipated**: September 14, 2008
- **1-min winds**: 125
- **pressure**: 935
- **damages**: 38000
- **deaths**: 103 direct, 92 indirect, 34 missing
- **areas**: Turks and Caicos, Bahamas, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Florida Keys, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi Valley, Ohio Valley, Great Lakes region, eastern Canada
- **hurricane season**: 2008 Atlantic hurricane season
- **name**: Hurricane Ike
Rafflesia

***Rafflesia*** is a genus of flowering plants.  They are found in southeastern Asia, on the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand and the Philippines. They are the biggest single flowers in the world. In one species the flowers can be over a meter (three feet) across.

The flowers smell like a dead animal, which attracts flies. The flies, which normally lay their eggs on rotten flesh, pollinate the _Rafflesia_ when they get inside.

_Rafflesia_ is a parasite, and does not use chlorophyll. The plant has no stem, leaves or true roots. It lives inside vines of the genus _Tetrastigma_ (Vitaceae). It spreads its absorptive organ, the haustorium, inside the tissue of the vine. The only part of the plant that can be seen outside the host vine is the flower.

## References

- Jamili Nais 2001. _Rafflesia of the world_. Kota Kinabalu: Sabah Parks.

## Other websites

- Parasitic Plant Connection: _Rafflesia_ Gallery
- Video: 'David Attenborough finds the Rafflesia'
Northern Fury FC

**Northern Fury F.C.** is a soccer club from Townsville, Queensland, Australia. The club was founded in 2008 and competed in the A-League as _North Queensland Fury FC_. On 1 March 2011, the club was removed from the league due to financial instability. On 3 October 2012, the club was re-formed as Northern Fury FC after it was granted a license to play in the NPL Queensland. Northern Fury play their home fixtures at Townsville Sports Reserve.

### Minor Trophies/Honours

- **Queensland Nickel Cup**
    - 2009/10 (NQ Fury V's Gold Coast United: {Contested Over 3 League Fixtures} NQ Fury W2/D0/L1)

- Chief Minister's Cup
- – 2009 (3–2 V's Adelaide United – Played In Darwin/NT 02/07/09)

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Northern Fury
- **fullname**: Northern Fury Football Club
- **nickname**: _The Fury_
- **shortname**: Northern Fury
- **founded**: 2008
- **ground**: Townsville Sports Reserve
- **capacity**: 5000
- **owntitle**: CEO
- **owner**: Consortium of Local Figures
- **chrtitle**: Director
- **chairman**: Rabieh Krayem
- **coach**: Ian Ferguson (footballer born 1967), Ian Ferguson
- **league**: National Premier League Queensland, NPL Queensland
- **season**: 2013 National Premier League Queensland, 2013
- **position**: 7th
- **website**: http://www.northernfury.com.au/
Edward Said National Conservatory of Music

The **Edward Said National Conservatory of Music** is a Palestinian music conservatory. It has branches in Ramallah, Jerusalem, and Bethlehem. More than 500 students can study music there.

When it was started in Ramallah in 1993 it was called The National Conservatory of Music. In September 2004 it was given its present name in honour of the Palestinian scholar and musician Edward Said.  The Edward Said National Conservatory of Music and the Al Kamandjati are the two main music schools for the two million Palestinians living in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.

The students of the conservatory study in an are where there is a lot of war and conflict with Israel.  Nevertheless there are a few projects where Israeli and Palestinian musicians have managed to work together.

The Palestine Youth Orchestra was started through the efforts of the Edward Said National Conservatory.  It is one of the best youth orchestras in the Arab world.

## Other websites

- The Edward Said National Conservatory of Music official site
SafetySuit

**SafetySuit** (or **Safety Suit** and **Safetysuit**) is an American rock band formed in 2008. They are famous for the hit singles _Someone Like You_ and _Stay_. Safety Suit has released only 1 hit studio album called Life Left to Go in July 2008.

### Songs

- _Someone Like You_ (2008)
- _Anywhere But Here_ (2008)
- _Stay_ (2009)

### Albums

- _Life Left to Go_ (2008)
- _Someone Like You - EP_ (2008)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: SafetySuit
- **img capt**: SafetySuit members, from left to right: Dave Garofalo, Jeremy Henshaw, Doug Brown & Tate Cunningham
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, USA
- **genre**: Alternative rock
Post-grunge
Pop rock
- **years active**: 2002–present
- **label**: Universal Motown Records, Universal Motown, Universal Republic Records, Universal Republic
- **current members**: Douglas Brown
Dave Garofalo
Jeremy Henshaw
Tate Cunningham
- **past members**: Jesse Carey
Curtis Lloyd
Life Left to Go

**Life Left to Go** is an album by alternative rock band SafetySuit. It was released in the summer of 2008. The album contains the tracks _Someone Like You (SafetySuit song)_, _Stay_, and _Anywhere But Here_.

## Track listing

1. "Someone Like You"
1. "Apology"
1. "Find the Way"
1. "Stay (SafetySuit song)"
1. "Something I Said"
1. "Anywhere But Here"
1. "Down"
1. "The Moment"
1. "Annie"
1. "What If"
1. "Gone Away"
1. "A Life Left to Go"

## Related pages

- SafetySuit
Someone like You (SafetySuit song)

**Someone Like You** is a hit single released of the album by SafetySuit called Life Left to Go. The single was released in February of 2008. The song was recorded along with the other tracks featured on the album Life Left to Go in 2006 and 2007.
Stay (SafetySuit song)

**"Stay"** is the 2nd hit single off the album by SafetySuit called _Life Left to Go_. The song was originally released in fall of 2008, but according to the seemingly major release date in the United Kingdom, it is known to be regularly released in January of 2009.

## Music Video

The video for the song was released on May 5th, 2009.
Vrilissia

**Vrilissia** () is a small Greek city. It is near Athens in Attica. Almost 40,000 people live there. It is located at the northeastern edge of the metropolis of Athens. The city is accessed by Attiki Odos, the suburban railway and metro transit.

Vrilissia is an area with lots of squares and parks. It has a small forested area near the mountain of Pendeli.

Vrilissia is a twin city of Naples, Italy and Ottweiler in Germany. In Ottweiler, a main bridge is named after the Greek city.

## Other websites

- Municipality site
- Vrilissia informational portal
Squall

A **squall** is a quick and big increase in wind speed which is usually linked to weather such as rain showers, thunderstorms, or heavy snow.
Oxford English Dictionary

The **Oxford English Dictionary** (or **OED**) is a dictionary. It is published by the Oxford University Press in England, and is the largest English dictionary.

It traces (or follows in detail) the historical development of the English language, and is a resource to writers and scholars. It describes how the language has been used.

The second edition came to 21,728 pages in 20 volumes, published in  1989. Number of main entries is 231,100 and number of main entries for out-of -date words is 47,100.

Work began on the dictionary in 1857, but it was not until 1884 that it began to be published in parts, under the name of _A New English Dictionary on historical principles; founded mainly on the materials collected by the Philological Society_. In 1895, the title _The Oxford English Dictionary_ (_OED_) was first used unofficially on the covers of the series, and in 1928 the full dictionary was republished in ten bound volumes. In 1933, _The Oxford English Dictionary_ was reprinted as twelve volumes with a one-volume supplement. More supplements came over the years until 1989, when the second edition was published. Since 2000, a third edition of the dictionary has been underway, approximately a third of which is now complete.

The first electronic version of the dictionary was done in 1988. The online version has been available since 2000, and as of April 2014 was receiving over two million hits per month. The third edition of the dictionary will probably only appear in electronic form; Nigel Portwood, chief executive of Oxford University Press, feels it unlikely that it will ever be printed.
Teatro Colón

The ***Teatro Colón*** (Spanish) (***Columbus Theatre***) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, is one of the world's best known opera houses.
In 2006 the theatre was closed so that work could be done to improve the inside of the building.  It reopened in 2010

There had been a theatre there in the middle of the 19th century.  The present building was opened in 1908.  The auditorium is horseshoe-shaped and has 2,487 seats.  The acoustics of the building are very good.  It is in the middle of Buenos Aires.

Many world famous conductors, composers and singers have appeared at the theatre.
Bim Bum Bam

***Bim Bum Bam***, (1982-2003), was an Italian children's and teens' television programme.

_Bim Bum Bam_ was produced by Alessandra Valeri Manera and created by Paolo Bonolis and Giancarlo Muratori.

## Mascotte

- Uan, the pink dog
- Ambrogio, the lion

## Cartoons/Anime

- I Puffi (_The Smurfs_) (1982; 1993)
- Kiss me Licia (1985; 1998; 2002)
- Carletto il principe dei mostri (_Kaibutsu-kun_) (1983)
- C'era una volta... Pollon (_Poron_)
- L'incantevole Creamy (1985; 1995; 2001)
- Snorky (_Snorks_) (1986)
- Foofur Superstar (_Foofur_) (1987; 1996-97)
- Teodoro e l'invenzione che non va (_Wowser_) (1989)
- Cristoforo Colombo (1992)
- Conte Dacula (_Count Duckula_) (1989)
- Bentornato Topo Gigio (1992)
- Calimero (1995)
- Sailor Moon (1995-2000)
- T-Rex (1994-95)
- James Bond Junior (1994-95)
- Mighty Max (1995)
- L'ispettore Gadget (_Inspector Gadget_) (1994-95)
- Tartarughe Ninja alla riscossa (_Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)_) (1994-95)
- The Real Ghostbusters (1994-95)
- Widget, un alieno per amico (_Widget The World Watcher_) (1993; 1996)
- The Mask: The Animated Series (1996-97)
- Scuola di polizia (_Police Academy: The Animated Series_) (1996; 2001)
- La fabbrica dei mostri (_Creepy Crawlers_)
- Iznogoud - Chi la fa l'aspetti (_Iznogoud_) (1996-97)
- Mr. Magoo (1996-97)
- Alf (1996-97)
- Robinson Bignè (_Robinson Sucroe_) (1996-97)
- Ace Ventura (two episodes) (1996-97)
- Casper (1998)
- Sale e Pepe (_Les Jules_) (1998)
- Pippi Calzelunghe (1998)
- Braccio di Ferro (_Popeye_) (1999)
- I gemelli del destino (_Destiny Twins_) (1999)
- Alvin Show (_Alvin and the Chipmunks_) (1999)
- Beethoven (_Beethoven_) (2000)
- Pokemon (2000-2002)
- Card Captor Sakura (1998-2000)

## Infobox (television)

- **creator**: Giancarlo Muratori
Paolo Bonolis
- **country**: Italy
- **language**: Italian
- **producer**: Alessandra Valeri Manera
- **runtime**: 2 hours
- **channel**: Italia 1 (1982–1990/1997–2002) Canale 5 (1991–1997)
Lithium (Nirvana song)

"**Lithium**" is a song by the American grunge band Nirvana which featured on their second album _Nevermind_. Kurt Cobain wrote the song. He said the song is about a man who became religious after his girlfriend died.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Lithium
- **artist**: Nirvana (band), Nirvana
- **album**: Nevermind
- **b-side**: "Been a Son" (live), "Curmudgeon", "D-7"
- **released**: July 21, 1992
- **recorded**: April 1990–June 1991
- **genre**: Grunge music, Grunge
- **length**: 4:16
- **label**: Geffen Records, DGC
- **writer**: Kurt Cobain
- **producer**: Steve Albini
Endocrinology

**Endocrinology** studies the working of the endocrine system and hormones.

It is the science of the endocrine system and hormones in a wide range of animals. Endocrinology is also a medical specialty. This means that when a doctor finishes studying medicine in general, they can choose endocrinology as the part of medicine they work in.

The endocrine system consists of several glands in different parts of the body. They secrete hormones directly into the blood. Hormones have many different functions and modes of action.

Hormones are active in metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion, mood, stress, lactation, movement, reproduction, and perception. Another field is behavioral endocrinology.

## Medical aspects

Medical understanding of hormones began in the 19th century with Graves' disease, caused by a swelling of the thyroid gland. Since the mid-19th century many medical conditions have been found caused by hormone imbalance, that is, too much or too little of a hormone.

An endocrinologist can help people who have diseases related to their endocrine system. Diseases that an endocrinologist would treat include:
- diabetes mellitus
- hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
- Cushing's syndrome
These are just examples; there are many other endocrine diseases.

An endocrinologist can find out if a person has one of these diseases by doing tests. They can test a person's blood to find out if they have too much or too little of a hormone. An example of this is Type 1 diabetes. People who have Type 1 diabetes do not have enough of a hormone called insulin. Endocrinologists usually do not treat patients directly, but give advice to physicians about what how patients might be helped.

Endocrine disorders fall into three groups:
1. too little hormone: hormone deficiency
1. too much of a hormone: hormone excess
1. tumours (benign or malignant) of endocrine glands

Most medical applications concern the lack of balance between hormones, and sometimes the complete lack of a necessary hormone. For example, most forms of hyperthyroidism are associated with an excess of thyroid hormone and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone.

### Helping transgender people

Endocrinologists can advise on hormone treatment for transgender persons. A transgender person might want their body to look different so that they look more like their chosen gender. For example, a transgender woman might want less facial hair so that she looks less like a man to other people.

## Related pages

The main pages which explain endocrinology are:

- Endocrine system
- Hormone
Body fat

In histology, **adipose tissue** or **body fat** or just **fat** is a tissue made up of cells called adipocytes. They store nutrients called fats in fat cells. Adipose tissue produce different compounds which are called adipokines. They include leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta and others.
Flying Spaghetti Monster

The **Flying Spaghetti Monster** is the god of **Pastafarianism**. It is often seen as a parody religion and thus has become popular with people opposed to the idea that God or gods created the world. Followers of the Flying Spaghetti Monster are sometimes called _Pastafarians_. The multiverse theory has suggested that what began as a spoof has become potentially real in the infinite universes and their countless creatures with at least some matching the general description of the FSM. Bobby Henderson first described the Flying Spaghetti Monster in 2005 in a letter to the Kansas State Board of Education. Henderson wrote the letter to protest rules about teaching intelligent design in public schools. The Board of Education required teachers to teach intelligent design.

The Church's website (spaghettimonster.org) contains several sighting of 'His Noodlieness', multiple propaganda resources and an ordination package available for $59. This package contains a paper certificate of ordination, a black/silverresin wallet card and two vinyl car decals. The package also comes with free shipping. As the church states, 'Great. Consider yourself a member.  You’ll notice there’s no hoops to jump through. You don’t need to pay anything.'

## Related pages

- Evolution
- Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District

Official church of the flying spaghetti monster
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

**Campeonato Brasileiro Série A** is a football league in Brazil.

## Clubs 2021

- América Mineiro
- Atlético Mineiro
- Atlético Paranaense
- Bahia
- Chapecoense
- Corinthians
- Cuiabá
- Juventude
- Red Bull Bragantino
- Flamengo
- Fluminense
- Grêmio
- Internacional
- Palmeiras
- Fortaleza
- Ceará
- Santos
- São Paulo
- Sport
- Atlético Goianiense

## Titles by Clubs

|Titles|Clubs|
| --- | --- |
|10|Palmeiras|
|8|Santos, Flamengo|
|7|Corinthians|
|6|São Paulo|
|4|Vasco da Gama,Fluminense|
|3|Internacional,Cruzeiro|
|2|Grêmio, Botafogo, Bahia|
|1|Atlético Mineiro, Guarani, Atlético Paranaense, Coritiba, Sport Recife|

## Related pages

- Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
- Campeonato Brasileiro Série C

## Infobox (football league)

- **leaguename**: Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
- **country**: Brazil
- **confederation**: CONMEBOL
- **founded**: 1959
- **level**: 1
- **number of teams**: 20
- **relegation to**: Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
- **current champions**: Cruzeiro E.C., Cruzeiro
- **season**: 2013
- **most successful club**: Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras, Palmeiras, Santos F.C., Santos
Sand plantain

**Sand plantain** (_Plantago afra_), It is generally described as an annual forb. It has two seeds, reddish-brown, narrow-elliptic, shining, 2–3 mm long.It is native to Malta and Mediterranean regions, Afghanistan to Pakistan.
.

## Other websites

- Vervolg ob de Avbeeldingen der artseny-gewassen met derzelver Nederduitsche en Latynsche beschryvingen
- Sarihan E. et al. 2005. Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 7,879–881
Messianic Judaism

**Messianic Judaism** is a movement of Jews who believe that Jesus (called by them with his Hebrew name _Yeshua_) is the Jewish Messiah, and who perform this belief in a Jewish way (observing the regulations of the Torah etc.). They are called _Messianic Jews_. The main branches of Judaism do not consider Messianic Judaism to be Judaism, but rather a form of Christianity, because Judaism rejects Jesus/Yeshua as the Jewish Messiah.
Playoffs

The **playoffs**, **postseason**, or **finals** are a series of games played after the regular season of a particular sports league. They are played by the most successful teams of the season. It is used to determine the season's champion. The teams that play in the playoffs are the ones with the most wins or points during the regular season.

Playoffs are usually, but not always, done with a single-elimination system.
Lars

**Lars** is a male name. The pronunciation of the name is [lahrz; _Swedish_, _Norwegian_ lahrs]. It is derived from the Old Norse name _Laurentius_, which means "crowned with laurel."

It is generally used in Scandinavian countries and Germany. In the United States, Lars is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the country in 2021).

## People

- Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark
- Lars Ulrich, Danish musician

- Lars Onsager, American physical chemist and theoretical physicist (1903-1976)
- Lars Vilks, Swedish artist
- Lars Ahlfors, Finnish mathematician (1907-1996)
- Lars Ulrich, Danish drummer

## Infobox (given name)

- **name**: Lars
- **gender**: Male
- **origin**: Northern Europe
- **related names**: Lawrence
- **derived**: Laurentius
Boyce and Hart

**Boyce and Hart** were a musical and songwriting duo, who worked together in the 1960s and 1970s. **Sidney Thomas "Tommy" Boyce** (September 29, 1939 – November 23, 1994) and **Bobby Hart** (born **Robert Luke Harshman**; February 18, 1939 – September 10, 2025) wrote and produced hit records for The Monkees ("Last Train to Clarksville", "Valleri"), Jay and the Americans ("Come a Little Bit Closer"), Chubby Checker ("Lazy Elsie Molly"), and for themselves, with "I Wonder What She's Doing Tonight" and other songs.

Their biggest success was with the Monkees, as writers, producers and performers. Many of the early Monkees recordings featured Boyce and Hart's band, the Candy Store Prophets, before the Monkees were even selected from auditions. When the Monkees themselves took charge of their recordings, they still recorded Boyce and Hart's songs, and praised the duo to the public.

Ten years after the Monkees's heyday, two former members, Micky Dolenz and Davy Jones, teamed up with Boyce and Hart, touring and performing the band's hits. They also issued a new album on Capitol Records.

On November 23, 1994, Boyce died by suicide by gunshot. He was 55 years old.

Hart died on September 10, 2025, at age 86.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Tommy Boyce
- **image**: Tommy Boyce 2 (1970).jpg
- **birth name**: Sidney Thomas Boyce
- **birth place**: Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter
- **genre**: Pop
- **past member of**: Dolenz, Jones, Boyce & Hart
The Tommy Band


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Bobby Hart
- **image**: Bobby Hart 2 (1970).jpg
- **birth name**: Robert Luke Harshman
- **birth date**: February 18, 1939
- **birth place**: Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter
- **past member of**: Dolenz, Jones Boyce & Hart
Janesville, Wisconsin

**Janesville** is a city in the state of Wisconsin in the United States. It is the county seat of Rock County.  65,615 people were living in Janesville as of the 2020 census.  Janesville has an area of 34.8 square miles.

The first settlers arrived in Janesville in 1835. It incorporated as a city in 1835.

## Other websites

- City of Janesville

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: List of cities in Wisconsin, City
- **name**: Janesville, Wisconsin
- **nickname**: "Wisconsin's Park Place", "Bower City"
- **image skyline**: Downtown Janesville.jpg
- **image caption**: Downtown Janesville
- **image map**: File:Rock County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Janesville Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location of Janesville in Rock County, Wisconsin
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the contiguous United States
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: County (United States), County
- **subdivision name2**: Rock County, Wisconsin, Rock
- **leader title**: City manager
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1853
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 90.03
- **area land km2**: 88.47
- **area water km2**: 1.56
- **area total sq mi**: 34.76
- **area land sq mi**: 34.16
- **area water sq mi**: 0.60
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 65615
- **population rank**: List of municipalities in Wisconsin by population, 10th in Wisconsin
- **population metro**: 163687
- **population density km2**: 729.87
- **population density sq mi**: 1890.37
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **area code**: Area code 608, 608
- **timezone**: Central
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 53545–53548
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **website**: [https://www.janesvillewi.gov www.janesvillewi.gov]
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-37825
Malcolm Gladwell

**Malcolm Gladwell** (born September 3, 1963) is a British-Canadian journalist, author, and pop sociologist, living in New York City. He has written for _The New Yorker_ since 1996. He is well known as the author of the books, _The Tipping Point_ (2000), _Blink_ (2005), and _Outliers_ (2008).

Gladwell was born in Fareham, Hampshire to a Jamaican mother and English father. He moved to Elmira, Ontario at age six.

## Other websites

- Personal website
- TED Talks: Malcolm Gladwell on spaghetti sauce at TED in 2004
- Malcolm Gladwell's _New Yorker_ bio
Rosoideae

**Rosoideae** is a subfamily of plants in the rose family Rosaceae. These plants may be small trees, shrubs, or plants without wood. Many useful plants are in Rosoideae. Strawberries and Raspberries are two common fruits from Rosoideae. Roses are common flowers in Rosoideae.

## Other websites

- Botany at Hawaii U
First Leicester

**First Leicester** is the trading name of **Leicester Citybus Ltd.**, a bus company owned by the First Group. It runs buses in the city of Leicester England.

## Depot

In 2007,a new depot opened on Abbey Lane replacing the former premises on Abbey Park Road which go back to the company's municipal heritage. This site is now derelict pending redevelopment as apartments.

## Other websites

- First Leicester website
- First Leicester network map
- Star Trak  - Real-Time bus information
- The Leicester Transport Heritage Trust