juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Meissner effect

The **Meissner effect** is when a magnetic field is pushed out of a superconductor when it becomes superconducting. If you were to put a superconductor in the field of a big magnet and you looked just inside the superconductor, you would see that the magnetic field was much smaller than it was outside. The deeper in you looked, the closer it would be to zero. This is one of the ways that superconductors are not the same as perfect conductors, which do let magnetic fields pass through them.

The effect was discovered by Walter Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They saw that because the magnetic field cannot go through the superconductor, the field right outside the superconductor becomes stronger.

One example of the Meissner effect is a magnet levitating above a superconducting plate cooled by liquid nitrogen. In order to stop the magnetic field from going into the superconductor, the superconductor acts like a magnet pointing the opposite direction. This repels the real magnet and stops it from coming any closer.
Gillian Rolton

**Gillian Rolton** (3 May 1956 – 18 November 2017) was an Australian Olympic equestrian champion. She competed in two Olympic Games, the 1992 Barcelona Games and 1996 Atlanta Games, winning a gold medal in team eventing both times on her horse, Peppermint Grove. She was only one of four Australians to win multiple equestrian Olympic gold medals. She was born in Adelaide, South Australia.

Rolton was awarded the Order of Australia Medal in the 1993 Australia Day honours "for service to sport as a gold medallist in the equestrian three-day event at the Olympic Games".

Rolton died of endometrial cancer in Adelaide on 18 November 2017 at the age of 61.
Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme

**Alex Ifeanyichukwu Ekwueme** GCON (October 21, 1932 – November 19, 2017) was a Nigerian politician. He was the first elected Vice-President of Nigeria, in office from 1979 to 1983. Ekwueme served during the Shehu Shagari administration. He was born in the Anambra State. He was a member of the National Party of Nigeria.

Ekwueme died of complications from a fall at a hospital in London on November 19, 2017 at the age of 85.
Milan Moguš

**Milan Moguš** () (April 27, 1927 – November 19, 2017) was a Croatian linguist and academician. He was born in Senj, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes <small>(now Croatia)</small>. He studied at the University of Zagreb. He served as the Chairman of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts from January 1, 2004 through November 11, 2010.

Moguš died on November 19, 2017 in Zagreb of coronary artery disease, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Milan Moguš biography at the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts website
Warren "Pete" Moore

**Warren "Pete" Moore** (November 19, 1939 – November 19, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and record producer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was known as the bass singer for Motown group The Miracles from 1955 onwards.

Moore was one of the group's original members. He was also a 2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee, and a BMI and ASCAP award-winning songwriter, and was the vocal arranger on all of the group's hits.

Moore died on his 78th birthday in Las Vegas, Nevada on November 19, 2017.

## Other websites

- _Songs Written by Pete Moore _ list with song positions and chart dates
- Interview with _Pete Moore_ of _The Miracles_ on the group's 2012 Rock Hall Induction
Jana Novotná

**Jana Novotná** (; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a professional Czech tennis player.

Novotna was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia . She played a serve and volley game among women during her career. She won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998 and was runner-up in three previous Grand Slam tournaments. She won a silver medal in doubles at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She won the silver medal in doubles and the bronze medal in singles at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Novotná also won 12 Grand Slam women's doubles titles and four mixed doubles titles. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1997, and achieved the No. 1 ranking in doubles. Novotná retired from the professional tour in 1999.

Novotná died of cancer in Brno on 19 November 2017 at the age of 49. She was in a relationship with Polish tennis player Iwona Kuczynska until her death.
Terry Glenn

**Terry Tyree Glenn** (July 23, 1974 – November 20, 2017) was an American college and professional football player. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for 12 seasons. He played college football for Ohio State University. He was drafted by the New England Patriots seventh overall in 1996, and also played for the Green Bay Packers and Dallas Cowboys.

Glenn died in a car crash in Irving, Texas on November 20, 2017 at the age of 43.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Green Bay Packers bio
Janusz Wójcik

**Janusz Marek Wójcik** (November 18, 1953 – November 20, 2017) was a Polish politician and former football player and coach. He was born in Warsaw. From 2005 to 2007, he was a member of the Sejm. He was a member of the Samoobrona.

Wójcik played in several clubs at home and abroad, including Agrykola, Gwardia, Ursus and Hutnik Warszawa, Ravalpandi (Pakistan) and the Toronto Falcons (Canada). He trained the Polish national football team. On 21 April 2008 he was appointed as Widzew Lodz manager.

In 2010 Wójcik was hired as manager for Omani club, Al-Nahda.

Wójcik died on November 20, 2017 in Warsaw at the age of 64.
Bob Clotworthy

**Robert Lynn "Bob" Clotworthy** (May 8, 1931 – June 1, 2018) was an American diver. He competed in the 3 m springboard at the 1952 and 1956 Olympics and won a bronze and a gold medal. He also won two medals at the 1955 Pan American Games. In 1980 he was added into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.

Clotworthy died on June 1, 2018 in Salt Lake City, Utah at the age of 87.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Bob Clotworthy
- **image**: Bob Clotworthy 1952.jpg
- **caption**: Clotworthy at the 1952 Olympics
- **fullname**: Robert Lynn Clotworthy
- **birth place**: Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: Salt Lake City, Utah
- **headercolor**: lightsteelblue
- **height**: 160 cm
- **weight**: 60 kg
- **sport**: Diving
- **club**: New York Athletic Club
- **show-medals**: yes
Víctor Hipólito Martínez

**Víctor Hipólito Martínez** (November 21, 1924 – November 20, 2017) was an Argentine lawyer and politician. He was best known for his position as Vice President of Argentina during the Raúl Alfonsín administration serving from 1983 to 1989. He was born in Córdoba, Argentina.

Martínez died on November 20, 2017 at a clinic in Villa Allende, Córdoba, Argentina of complications from pneumonia at the age of 92.
Kamala (wrestler)

**James Harris** (May 28, 1950 – August 9, 2020) was an American professional wrestler and author. For most of his career, Harris wrestled under the ring name **Kamala**, using a "wild savage" gimmick. He was born in Senatobia, Mississippi.

On November 7, 2011, Harris had his left leg amputated below the knee due to complications of high blood pressure and diabetes, a condition he has had since 1992, but not accepting dialysis treatment, forcing him to retire on 2010.

On November 19, 2017, Harris underwent "life-saving" emergency surgery at a hospital in Oxford, Mississippi. The cause for the surgery was not disclosed. Following the surgery, he was put on life support due to complications resulting from the surgery.

On August 5, 2020, he tested positive for COVID-19 and was hospitalized in Oxford, Mississippi. He died four days later from cardiac arrest caused by diabetes and COVID-19, aged 70.
Tongkang LRT Station

**Tongkang LRT Station**  is an LRT station on the Sengkang LRT Line West Loop in Sengkang, Singapore. It was opened in January 2005. At the same time, the Punggol LRT East Loop opened.

## Name

The station's name refers to a light boat (_tongkang_) that was used for transportation on rivers. It was named _Tongkang_ because the area it was located in used to be closely related with water activities. Also, there was a Malay village named _Kampong Tongkang Pechah_ located southward, near to Gerald Drive & Jalan Kechubong.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: light rail
- **name**: Tongkang
- **structure**: elevated
- **platform**: island
- **tracks**: 2
- **levels**: 2
- **bicycle**: yes
- **opened**: 29 January 2005
- **electrified**: yes
- **ada**: yes
Ryza Cenon

**Rhiza Ann Cenon Simbulan**, popularly known as _Ryza Cenon_, is a Filipina actress, dancer, and model.

## Biography

Ryza Cenon was born on December 21, 1987 in Nueva Ecija, Philippines.

In 2004, she auditioned in the talent show _StarStruck Season 2_ of GMA Network along with fellow stars Megan Young, Mike Tan, and LJ Reyes. She became the _Ultimate Female Survivor_ of the StarStruck Season 2 in the same year. As an actress she appeared on several TV shows of GMA Network like _Darna_ (2004), _Majika_ (2006), _Fantastic Man_ (2007), and _Machete_ (2011).

She became famous when she starred as the mistress Georgia Ferrer in the Philippine afternoon drama series _Ika-6 na Utos_ (2016).

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Ryza Cenon in 2017.jpg
- **caption**: Ryza Cenon
- **birth name**: Rhiza Ann C. Simbulan
- **birth place**: Nueva Ecija, Philippines
- **occupation**: actress and Model (person), model
- **yearsactive**: 2004-present
Merrill Cook

**Merrill Cook** (born May 6, 1946 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American businessman and politician of the Republican Party.

He was a member of the United States House of Representatives for Utah from 1997 to 2001.

Cook studied at the University of Utah and at Harvard University.

He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Karen Shepherd

**Karen F. Shepherd** (born July 5, 1940 in Silver City, New Mexico) is an American politician of the Democratic Party.

She was a member of the United States House of Representatives for Utah from 1993 to 1995.

Shepherd studied at the University of Utah and at Brigham Young University.
Yanam

**Yanam** is a town in the Yanam district, Union territory of Puducherry, India. This town along with nearby villages form the district in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh.

## Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, the total population of Yanam is 55,626. The literacy rate of the city is 79.47%
Firozabad district

**Firozabad district** is a district in Uttar Pradesh, India. The district headquarters is Firozabad city. This district is a part of the Agra Division.

## Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, the Firozabad district has a population of 2,496,761. This gives it a ranking of 173rd in India (out of a total of 640 districts).

## Religions

The city has some popular Hindu temples, mainly Vaishno Devi Dham, the Kela Devi Temple, and the Gopal ashram (Hanuman temple).

There are many Jain temples in Firozabad including the well-known Chadamilal Jain temple, the Shri Shuparshnath Jain mandir in Gher Khokal (Mahaveer Chowk) and Chandprabhu Jain mandir in Khidki.

## Culture

An annual fair is held in Chandwar on October 2 . The Jama Masjid, constructed by the 16th century Mughal emperor Akbar' is the oldest mosque in the district.
Machilipatnam

**Machilipatnam,** also known as Masulipatnam, is a city in the Krishna district. It is a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of Krishna district. It is also the headquarters of Machilipatnam mandal in Machilipatnam revenue division of the district. The ancient port town served as the settlement of European traders from the 16th century, and it was a major trading port for the British, Dutch and French in the seventeenth century.

## Population

As of  2011 Census of India, Machilipatnam had a population of 170,008.
Machilipatnam mandal

**Machilipatnam mandal** is one of the 50 mandals in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Machilipatnam revenue division and the headquarter is located at Machilipatnam town.As of 2011 Census of India, the mandal had a population of 238,962.As of 2011 Census of India, this mandal has 29 settlements. It includes 1 town and 28 villages in the mandal.
Earl of Bothwell

**Earl of Bothwell** was a title in Scotland. It was created twice. It was first created in 1488 and lasted until 1567. The second creation was in 1587.
Indawgyi Lake

**Indawgyi Lake** ( ) is one of the largest inland lakes in Southeast Asia. It is located in Mohnyin Township in the Kachin State of Myanmar. The lake measures  east to west, and  north to south.
Ned Jarrett

**Ned Jarrett** (born October 12, 1932) is a retired race car driver and two-time NASCAR Grand National Series champion. He was born in Conover, North Carolina. He was best known for his calm attitude and he became known as **"Gentleman Ned Jarrett"**. He is the father of former drivers Glenn Jarrett and Dale Jarrett and grandfather of Jason Jarrett.

Jarrett was added into the 2011 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame on May 18 2011.

## Other websites

- Drivers statistics at racing-reference.info
- International Motorsports Hall of Fame
- Oceanside Rotary Club of Daytona Beach Hall of Fame
- Transcript of Jarrett's July 4, 1984 interview of President Ronald Reagan on MRN Radio
- Talladega Walk of Fame
- Account of the 1965 Southern 500
- Biography
John Gordon

**John Gordon** (19 November 1925 – 20 November 2017) was an English writer of supernatural fiction. He wrote fifteen fantasy novels (including _The Giant Under The Snow_), four short story collections, over fifty short stories and a teenage memoir. He was born in Jarrow, Tyne & Wear.

Gordon died on 20 November 2017 at his Norwich, Norfolk home of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 92.

## Other websites

- John Gordon at Amazon
- A review of _Fen Runners_ at The Bookbag
John Gordon (disambiguation)

**John**, **Johnny**, **Jonathan** or **Jon Gordon** may refer to:

- John Gordon (1925–2017), English writer of teenage supernatural fiction
- John Gurdon (born 1933), British biologist, 2012 winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- John R. Gordon (born 1964), English screenwriter
- John Gorton (1911–2002), 19th Prime Minister of Australia
- John A. Gordon (born 1946), deputy director of the CIA, Homeland Security advisor
- John Gordon (badminton) (born 1978), New Zealand badminton player
- John Gordon (cricketer) (1886–1933), English cricketer
- John Steele Gordon (born 1944), American business and economics writer
John A. Gordon

**John Alexander Gordon** (August 22, 1946 – April 19, 2020) was an American politician and military personnel. He was Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He served as the President George W. Bush's Homeland Security Advisor from 2003 to 2004.

Gordon died on April 19, 2020 in Columbia, Missouri at the age of 73.

## Other websites

- Biography

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Gordon
- **image**: John A Gordon.jpg
- **office**: 2nd United States Homeland Security Advisor
- **president**: George W. Bush
- **term start**: April 30, 2003
- **term end**: May 28, 2004
- **predecessor**: Tom Ridge
- **successor**: Frances Townsend, Fran Townsend
- **office1**: Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security, Undersecretary of Energy for Nuclear Security
- **president1**: Bill Clinton
George W. Bush
- **term start1**: June 29, 2000
- **term end1**: June 27, 2002
- **predecessor1**: Position established
- **successor1**: Linton Brooks
- **office2**: Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
- **president2**: Bill Clinton
- **term start2**: October 31, 1997
- **term end2**: June 29, 2000
- **predecessor2**: George Tenet
- **successor2**: John E. McLaughlin, John McLaughlin
- **birth place**: Jefferson City, Missouri, Jefferson City, Missouri, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Columbia, Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.
- **education**: University of Missouri, University of Missouri, Columbia
Naval Postgraduate School
New Mexico Highlands University
- **serviceyears**: 1968–2000
- **rank**:  General (United States), General
- **commands**: 90th Strategic Missile Wing
- **mawards**: Legion of Merit
Rodney Bewes

**Rodney Bewes** (27 November 1937 – 21 November 2017) was an English television actor and writer. He was best known for playing Bob Ferris in the BBC television sitcom _The Likely Lads_ (1964–66) and in its sequel _Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads?_ (1973–74).

Bewes died a week before his 80th birthday on 21 November 2017 in Manchester of vascular dementia.

## Other websites

- Feature from Wales on Sunday, archived by The Free Library
- Daily Mail article from 2010

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rodney Bewes
- **image**: Rodney Bewes 2004 (cropped).jpg
- **birth place**: Bierley, West Yorkshire, Bierley, West Riding of Yorkshire, England
- **death place**: Manchester, Greater Manchester, England
- **occupation**: Actor, performer, scriptwriter
- **yearsactive**: 1952–2009
- **spouse**: Sylvia N Tebbitt (m. 1963, divorced)
Daphne Black (m. 1973–2015, her death)
Zoltan Istvan

**Zoltan Istvan Gyurko**, professionally known as **Zoltan Istvan** (born 1973), is an American transhumanist, journalist, entrepreneur and Libertarian futurist.

Formerly a reporter for the National Geographic Channel. He wrote for _Vice's Motherboard_, _Wired_, _The Huffington Post_, _TechCrunch_ and _Newsweek_.

In late 2014, Istvan announced his plans to run for President of the United States in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. In 2017, Istvan announced his plans to run for Governor of California in the 2018 election as a member of the Libertarian Party.

In November 2017, Istvan announced his plans to run for President of the United States in the 2020 presidential election for the Libertarian Party. In January 2019, he announced that he withdrew from the Libertarian primary.

In November 2019, Istvan announced his candidacy for the Republican Party's nomination in the 2020 United States presidential election, hoping to win the GOP nomination against President Donald Trump.

## Other websites

- Zoltan Istvan's personal site
- Transhumanist Party's website

## Infobox (politician)

- **image**: Zoltan Istvan public profile photo.jpg
- **caption**: Zoltan Istvan Gyurko, 2017
- **birth name**: Zoltan Istvan Gyurko
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **residence**: Mill Valley, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **otherparty**: Libertarian Party (United States), Libertarian (2017–2018)
Transhumanist Party, Transhumanist (before 2017)
- **known for**: Transhumanist politics
- **alma mater**: Columbia University
- **occupation**: Journalist and entrepreneur
- **spouse**: Lisa M. Memmel, MD
Ham sandwich theorem

The **ham sandwich theorem** is a math theorem that says that a number of objects in the same number of dimension can be cut into two equal parts with a cut that is one dimension less.

### One dimension

One dimension is a line. A section of the line can be cut exactly in half with a single point.

### Two dimensions

Two dimensions is a flat sheet. Two shapes on this sheet can be cut exactly in half with a single line.

### Three dimensions

Three dimensions is space. Three objects in space can be cut exactly in half with a single flat sheet.

### Four dimensions

Four dimensions is a hyperspace. Four hyper-objects can be cut exactly in half with a single space.

## Name

The theorem is called the ham sandwich theorem because a sandwich with bread, cheese, and ham consists of three ingredients and lies in three-dimensional space. Thanks to the ham sandwich theorem it is possible to make one cut with a knife to divide the bread, the cheese, and the ham fairly between both sides.
Layar LRT Station

**Layar LRT Station**  is an LRT station on the West Loop of the Sengkang LRT Line. It is on the western side of Sungei Punggol (Punggol River). It was opened together with the East Loop of the Punggol LRT Line.

## Name

"_Layar_" means "sail" in Malay. It is related to moving.

## Other websites

- SBS Transit Website
Sengkang

**Sengkang** is a town in Singapore in its north-eastern part. Seletar and Punggol are north of it, Pasir Ris and Paya Lebar are on its east, Hougang and Serangoon are on its south and Yishun and Ang Mo Kio are on its west.

It used to be a fishing village. Then, it was built-up very quickly by the Housing and Development Board (HDB). 4 neighbourhoods make up the town.

## Name

_Sengkang_ is a Chinese word meaning "prosperous harbour". The name came from a road called Lorong Sengkang. It was near Lorong Buangkok.

## History

There used to be farms and forests, and the only building was the Punggol Rural Centre. In 2005, it was removed to make space for newer buildings.

Its theme is "Town of the Seafarer", based on its rich history.

## Zones

Sengkang is split into 7 zones.
- Rivervale, Singapore
- Compassvale
- Anchorvale
- Fernvale, Singapore
- Sengkang Town Centre
- Sengkang West
- Lorong Halus North

## Transportation

Many buses and the Sengkang LRT Line serve the town. Sengkang MRT and LRT Station and Buangkok MRT Station are the MRT stations in Sengkang. They are on the North East MRT Line.

## Other websites

- Sengkang Town Council
- Ang Mo Kio Town Council
Renjong LRT Station

**Renjong LRT Station**  is an LRT station in Sengkang, Singapore. It opened on January 2005. At the same time, the east loop of Punggol LRT Line opened.

## Name

There was a road called Lorong Rending near the station, so the station got its name from the road.

## Other websites

- SBS Transit Website
11:11

"**11:11**" is a song recorded by the South Korean singer Taeyeon. It was published as a digital single on November 1, 2016 by SM Entertainment. The song was written by Kim Eana and produced by Christian Vinten and Chelcee Grimes.

## Background and release

On October 28, 2016, Taeyeon announced that she would release a digital single titled "11:11". The song is described as a pop ballad that features the melody of quiet acoustic guitar that adapts to the atmosphere of late autumn. The lyrics are about the reminiscences of a girl about making wishes with her old love when the clock ticks 11:11.

"11:11" and his music video were released on November 1st. Taeyeon filmed a live acoustic performance of the song, which was released on November 8.

## Reception

"11:11" debuted at number two in the Gaon Digital Chart of South Korea from October 30 to November 5, 2016 and sold 238,197 digital copies during its first week of release. It was the second single from November 2016 on Gaon Digital Chart, which was behind "TT" by Twice. "11:11" charted at number 89 on the Gaon Year-end Digital Chart of 2016, and sold 668,462 digital units in South Korea in 2016. It additionally peaked at number 5 on the _Billboard_ World Digital Songs chart.

_Billboard_ ranked the song at number 7 on their top 20 K-pop songs of 2016. As of March 2017, "11:11" sold over 900,000 digital copies in South Korea.

## Charts

|Chart (2016)|Peak position|
| --- | --- |
|2||
|5||

### Year-end chart

|scope="col"|Chart (2016)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|89||||

## Sales

|Region|Sales|
| --- | --- |
|+1,196,393||

## Release history

|Region|Date|Format|Label|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|November 1, 2016|Digital download|SM Entertainment||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: 11:11
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Taeyeon
- **album**: My Voice
- **length**: 3:49
- **label**: SM Entertainment
- **writer**: Kim Eana
- **prev title**: Why (song), Why
- **prev year**: 2016
- **next title**: Fine (song), Fine
- **next year**: 2017
Red Army FC

**Red Army Football Club**, is a South Sudanese footballing club cored in Aweil, South Sudan; it plays in South Sudan Premier League (SSPL).

## History

Since Red Army came to being on December 15, 2013, it first faced the toughest games which relegated it to second division initially, but as of 2016; it consolidated its strength that promotes it to first division. Its president is Jacob Garang who is also the founder of Red Army.

As of 2016, on November 1st, Red Army was knocked out by military club in penalties 4-3. article content follows.

## Other websites

- Redarmy.com

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Red Army F.C.
- **fullname**: Red Army Football Club
- **shortname**: RAFC
- **nickname**: Sudan People's Liberation Army, The Victorious
- **ground**: Aweil Stadium
- **capacity**: 1,500
- **chrtitle**: President
- **chairman**: Jacob Garang
- **mgrtitle**: Head Coach
- **manager**: Mayen Guot
- **league**: South Sudan Premier League
- **season**: South Sudan Premier League, 2016
- **position**: **13th** place
- **current**: 2017 South Sudan Premier League
- **pattern la1**: _redshoulders
- **pattern ra1**: _redshoulders
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _blackshoulders
- **pattern ra2**: _blackshoulders
- **leftarm2**: FFFF00
- **body2**: FFFF00
- **rightarm2**: FFFF00
- **shorts2**: FFFF00
- **socks2**: FFFF00
PFC Levski Sofia

**Levski** () is a professional association football team from Sofia, Bulgaria. The team plays in the First Professional Football League. With 26 league titles, it is one of the most successful teams in Bulgaria. The club is named after Vasil Levski, and was founded on 24 May 1914. The team's home stadium is Vivacom Arena - Georgi Asparuhov Stadium.

The club's nicknames are _Sinite_ (The blues), _Otbora na naroda_ (The Team of the People) and _Sinyata lavina_ (The Blue Avalanche).

### Domestic

**Bulgarian A Group**
    - **Champions (26 times):** 1933, 1937, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948–49, 1950, 1953, 1964–65, 1967–68, 1969–70, 1973–74, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1987–88, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2008–09

**Bulgarian Cup**
    - **Winners (25 times – record):** 1942, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1984, 1986, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007

**Bulgarian Supercup**
    - **Winners (3 times):** 2005, 2007, 2009

**Tsar's Cup / Cup of the Soviet Army / Cup of Bulgaria**
    - **Winners (6 times – record):** 1933, 1937, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1988

**Ulpia Serdika Cup**
    - **Winners (4 times – record):** 1926, 1930, 1931, 1932

### International

**Balkans Cup**
    - **Runners-up (2):** 1961, 1963

### Regional

**Sofia Championship**
    - **Winners (11 times – record):** 1922–23, 1923–24, 1924–25, 1928–29, 1932–33, 1936–37, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1944–45, 1945–46, 1947–48

## Other websites

- Official website
- UEFA Profile
PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv

**Lokomotiv** () is a professional association football club from Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The team plays in the First Professional Football League. The team's home stadium is Lokomotiv Stadium. The club was founded on 25 July 1926. The club is one of the best supported clubs in Bulgaria. The club's biggest rival is Botev Plovdiv.

The club's nicknames are _Smarfovete_ (The Smurfs) and _Zheleznicharite_ (The Railwaymen).

## Titles

**Bulgarian A Group:**
- Winners (1): 2003–04
- Runners-up (1): 1972–73

**Bulgarian Cup:**
- Runners-up (4 [7<sup>†</sup>]): 1960, 1971, 1982, 2012; [1940 (as Sportclub), 1942 (as Sportclub), 1948 (as Slaviya-Chengelov)]

**Cup of the Soviet Army**
- Winners (1): 1983

**Bulgarian Supercup:**
- Winners (1): 2004
- Runners-up (1): 2012

## Other websites

- Official fan-website
- Historical fan-website
Subprefectures in France

In France, a **subprefecture** () is the administrative center of a departmental arrondissement that does not contain the prefecture for its department. The term also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title _commissaire adjoint de la République_.

Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon, and Marseille are divisions of the city (or commune) rather than the prefecture, and so are not arrondissements in the same sense.

## Related pages

- List of arrondissements of France
Zibelemärit

The **Zibelemärit** (Bernese German dialect; English: Onion market) is an annual market with aspects of a fair in the old town of Bern, Switzerland. It takes place the fourth Monday in November.

## History

Historical research indicates that the Zibelemärit originated in the 1850s with marmettes, farmer's wives from around Murten, coming to Bern at around St. Martin's Day to sell their produce. According to a local story, the Zibelemärit is a much older festivity though. According to this legend, the Bernese awarded the people from the nearby city of Fribourg the right to sell onions in the city in reward for their aid after a fire that destroyed much of Bern in 1405.

## Customs

As the name indicates, it is mainly onions that are sold on the Zibelemärit. Bernese farmers, who are proud of their decorative onion tresses and onion wreaths, also sell other onion products on the market, including Zwiebelkuchen (onion pie), onion soup and onion sausages. Decorative chains of sugar onions are also popular with children.

The Zibelemärit opens very early in the day, at around 03:00 to 04:00. Later in the morning, the narrow alleys are usually packed tight with people, which is what the Bernese call the Gstungg. A general confetti battle in which mostly children participate ensues at four o'clock in the afternoon, officially ending the market.

## References

- Zibelemärit on g26.ch
Peter Berling

**Peter Berling** (20 March 1934 – 20 November 2017) was a German actor, movie producer and writer. He was born in Międzyrzecz, Poland. In several of his medieval novels Berling has drawn on conspiracy theories based on the Priory of Sion.

Berling died on 20 November 2017 in Rome, aged 83.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Berling
- **image**: Peter Berling (1996) by Erling Mandelmann.jpg
- **caption**: Peter Berling in 1996
- **birth place**: Międzyrzecz, Posen-West Prussia
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
Munster cheese

**Munster cheese** (), **Munster-géromé**, or (Alsatian) **Menschterkaas**, is a soft cheese from Vosges. It is produced in the village with the same name. It is made from the milk of cows.
Pigniu

**Pigniu** was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It is part of the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.

## History

In 1799, the Russian Army under command of Field Marshal Suvorov crossed the Pigniu pass.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Pigniu
- **image photo**: Pigniu.jpg
- **municipality name**: Pigniu
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Pigniu wappen.svg
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7156
- **municipality code**: 3613
- **area**: 17.98
- **elevation**: 1301
- **population**: 33
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **website**: www.pigniu.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Andiast, Glarus Süd (GL), Rueun, Siat
Ion exchange chromatography

**Ion exchange chromatography** (or **ion chromatography**) is a process in chromatography that separates ions and polar molecules based on their attraction to the ion exchanger. It works on almost any kind of charged molecule—including large proteins, small nucleotides, and amino acids. The two types of ion chromatography are: "anion-exchange" and "cation-exchange" chromatography. They are used in protein purification, water analysis, and quality control.

Water-soluble and charged molecules such as proteins, amino acids, and peptides bind to moieties that are oppositely charged by forming ionic bonds to the insoluble stationary phase. The equilibrated stationary phase is made of ionizable functional groups where targeted molecules of mixtures are separated and quantified while passing through the column. A cationic stationary phase is used to separate anions, and an anionic stationary phase is used to separate cations. Cation exchange chromatography is used when the desired molecules to separate are cations, and anion exchange chromatography is used to separate anions.
Rueun

**Rueun** was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Rueun, Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Pitasch, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu and Siat merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rueun
- **image photo**: Rueun Dorf.jpg
- **municipality name**: Rueun
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rueun COA.svg
- **map**: Karte_Gemeinde_Rueun.png
- **languages**: Romansh
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7156
- **municipality code**: 3614
- **area**: 11.58
- **elevation**: 788
- **population**: 414
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **website**: www.rueun.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Andiast, Flond, Ilanz, Obersaxen, Pigniu, Schnaus, Siat, Waltensburg/Vuorz
Pitasch

**Pitasch** was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Pitasch, Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu, Rueun and Siat merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Pitasch
- **image photo**: Pitasch.jpg
- **municipality name**: Pitasch
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Pitasch wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte_Gemeinde_Pitasch.png
- **languages**: Romansh
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7111
- **municipality code**: 3578
- **area**: 10.81
- **elevation**: 1060
- **population**: 106
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **website**: www.pitasch.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Cumbel, Duvin, Riein, Safien, Sevgein
Kerzers

**Kerzers** () is a municipality of the district See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Papiliorama-Nocturama

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Kerzers
- **municipality name**: Kerzers
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Kerzers-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Kerzers.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Fribourg
- **iso-code-region**: CH-FR
- **district**: See (district), See
- **postal code**: 3210
- **municipality code**: 2265
- **area**: 12.23
- **elevation**: 450
- **population**: 4197
- **populationof**: January 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.kerzers.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fräschels, Golaten (BE), Gurbrü (BE), Kallnach (BE), Münchenwiler (BE), Niederried bei Kallnach (BE), Ried bei Kerzers, Treiten (BE), Wileroltigen (BE)
Communauté d'agglomération d'Agen

The **Communauté d'agglomération d'Agen** is an administrative entity in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine, in southern France. Administrative center: Agen. It was formed in January 2013 by the merger of the communauté d'agglomération d'Agen and the communauté de communes du canton de Laplume-en-Bruilhois, and was also joined by the commune Pont-du-Casse.

It covers 31 communes, and has a population of approximately 99,000. It is the largest such _communauté_ in Lot-et-Garonne.

## Communes

The 31 communes:

1. Agen
1. Astaffort
1. Aubiac
1. Bajamont
1. Boé
1. Bon-Encontre
1. Brax
1. Castelculier
1. Caudecoste
1. Colayrac-Saint-Cirq
1. Cuq
1. Estillac
1. Fals
1. Foulayronnes
1. Lafox
1. Laplume
1. Layrac
1. Marmont-Pachas
1. Moirax
1. Le Passage
1. Pont-du-Casse
1. Roquefort
1. Saint-Caprais-de-Lerm
1. Sainte-Colombe-en-Bruilhois
1. Saint-Hilaire-de-Lusignan
1. Saint-Nicolas-de-la-Balerme
1. Saint-Pierre-de-Clairac
1. Saint-Sixte
1. Sauvagnas
1. Sauveterre-Saint-Denis
1. Sérignac-sur-Garonne

## Other websites

- http://www.agglo-agen.net/index.php (in French)
Astaffort

** Astaffort ** is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in southwestern France. Astaffort has a mill, a river and the church of Sainte-Geneviève.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department

## References

- INSEE statistics

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Astaffort
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Astaffort Mill 2015 (3).jpg
- **caption**: The mill
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Astaffort (Lot-et-Garonne).svg
- **arrondissement**: Agen
- **canton**: Le Sud-Est agenais
- **insee**: 47015
- **postal code**: 47220
- **mayor**: André Garros
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Communauté d'agglomération d'Agen, CA Agen
- **elevation m**: 59
- **elevation min m**: 52
- **elevation max m**: 215
- **area km2**: 35.17
- **population**: 2068
- **population date**: 2009
APOEL FC

**APOEL FC** () is a professional football club from Cyprus. It is based in the capital, Nicosia.

## Honours

- **Cyprus Chanpionship** (18 in total): 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1952, 1965, 1973, 1980, 1986, 1990, 1992, 1996, 2002, 2004

- **Cyprus Cup** (17 in total): in 1937, 1941, 1947, 1951, 1963, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1976, 1978, 1979, 1984, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999.

## Other websites

- Official website of APOEL FC
- Official website of APOEL fans

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: APOEL
- **image**: APOEL (logo with stars).svg
- **fullname**: Athletikos Podosferikos Omilos Ellinon Lefkosias
- **nickname**: _Τhrylos_ (The Legend)
- **ground**: GSP Stadium,
Nicosia, Cyprus
- **capacity**: 22,859
- **owner**: APOEL Football Limited
- **chairman**: Prodromos Petrides
- **manager**: George Donis
- **league**: Cypriot First Division
- **season**: 2022/23
- **position**: 2nd
- **website**: http://www.apoelfc.com.cy
- **pattern la1**: _apoel1718h
- **pattern b1**: _apoel1718h
- **pattern ra1**: _apoel1718h
- **leftarm1**: FFE517
- **body1**: FFE517
- **rightarm1**: FFE517
- **shorts1**: FFE517
- **socks1**: FFE517
- **pattern la2**: _mancity1617t
- **pattern b2**: _apoel1718a
- **pattern ra2**: _mancity1617t
- **pattern sh2**: _shorts
- **pattern so2**: _socks
- **leftarm2**: FF6600
- **body2**: FF6600
- **rightarm2**: FF6600
- **shorts2**: FF6600
- **socks2**: FF6600
- **pattern b3**: _apoel1718t
- **pattern sh3**: _nikeblack
- **pattern so3**: _socks
- **leftarm3**: 000030
- **body3**: 000030
- **rightarm3**: 000030
- **shorts3**: 000030
- **socks3**: 000033
Fire bucket

The **fire bucket** is simply a bucket filled with water or sand which is used to prevent or extinguish fires. Typically, fire buckets are painted bright red and have the word fire stencilled on them. Fire buckets are a low-technology method of fighting small fires.
Stuffed peppers

**Stuffed peppers** () is one of the traditional cooked dishes of Libyan cuisine. It is made of green peppers stuffed with minced meat, parsley, cheese and onions.

## Ingredients

- green peppers or red pepper
- A little chopped parsley
- 100 g grated cheese
- 150 g minced meat
- Chopped onion
- 3 eggs
- Spices: Spice, black pepper, red pepper
- salt
- cooking oil for frying.

## How to prepare

Mix the meat with parsley, onion, eggs, and cheese, then put all the spices on it after that  Grind the peppers and put a little flour on the face and then fry them and serve them with tomato sauce.

## Other countries

The dish of stuffed peppers exists in other countries and cultures.  It is sometimes cooked and served as a main course for vegetarians and vegans and has different recipes and preparation methods.  The dish is traditionally prepared with bell peppers, although in some places, poblano peppers (a type of mild chili pepper) are used.

## Related pages

- List of stuffed dishes
Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Annecy

**Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Annecy** is the _communauté d'agglomération_, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Annecy. It is located in the Haute-Savoie department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France. It was created in January 2017 by the merger of the former _communauté de l'agglomération d'Annecy_ and four communautés de communes. Its population was 203,078 in 2014, of which 128,422 in Annecy proper.

## Composition

The **Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Annecy** consists of the following 34 communes:

1. Alby-sur-Chéran
1. Allèves
1. Annecy
1. Argonay
1. Bluffy
1. Chainaz-les-Frasses
1. Chapeiry
1. Charvonnex
1. Chavanod
1. Cusy
1. Duingt
1. Entrevernes
1. Épagny-Metz-Tessy
1. Fillière
1. Groisy
1. Gruffy
1. Héry-sur-Alby
1. La Chapelle-Saint-Maurice
1. Leschaux
1. Menthon-Saint-Bernard
1. Montagny-les-Lanches
1. Mûres
1. Nâves-Parmelan
1. Poisy
1. Quintal
1. Saint-Eustache
1. Saint-Félix
1. Saint-Jorioz
1. Saint-Sylvestre
1. Sévrier
1. Talloires-Montmin
1. Veyrier-du-Lac
1. Villaz
1. Viuz-la-Chiésaz

## Infobox (french communauté)

- **nom**: Communauté d'agglomération
du Grand Annecy
- **rég**: Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
- **dépt**: Haute-Savoie
- **création**: January 2017
- **nbcomm**: 34
- **siège**: Annecy
- **pop**: 203078
- **datepop**: 2014
- **dens**: auto
- **siteweb**: [https://www.grandannecy.fr www.grandannecy.fr]
Agglomeration community of Annemasse – Les Voirons

The agglomeration community **Annemasse - Les Voirons** is an intercommunal structure in Haute-Savoie, France. It consists of the town Annemasse and 11 neighbouring communes. It is located at the Swiss border, east of Geneva, between the mountains Salève and Voirons.

## History

In 1966, the communes of Ambilly, Annemasse, Etrembières, Gaillard, Ville-la-Grand and Vétraz-Monthoux formed the _syndicat intercommunal à vocations multiples_ of the Annemasse agglomeration. This cooperation became a communauté de communes on January 1, 2002. The _communauté de communes_ of the Annemasse agglomeration and the _communauté de communes_ of the Voirons merged to form the present agglomeration community in 2007.

### Communes

The communauté d'agglomération consists of the following 12 communes:
|INSEE Code|Commune|Inhabitants (2014)|
| --- | --- | --- |
|74012|Annemasse|35,402|
|74008|Ambilly|6,215|
|74040|Bonne|3,415|
|74094|Cranves-Sales|6,662|
|74118|Étrembières|2,334|
|74133|Gaillard|11,739|
|74145|Juvigny|671|
|74153|Lucinges|1,702|
|74158|Machilly|1,064|
|74229|Saint-Cergues|3,630|
|74298|Vétraz-Monthoux|8,515|
|74305|Ville-la-Grand|8,696|
|Total|12 communes|90,045|

### Communitary council

The conseil is composed of 79 delegates of municipal councils of member communes.

|Commune|Number of delegates|
| --- | --- |
|Ambilly|6|
|Annemasse|19|
|Bonne|4|
|Cranves-Sales|4|
|Etrembières|6|
|Gaillard|4|
|Juvigny|9|
|Lucinges|4|
|Machilly|4|
|Saint-Cergues|4|
|Vétraz-Monthoux|4|
|Ville-La-Grand|7|

## Other websites

- Official tourism site of Annemasse - Les Voirons agglomeration
- Official site of Annemasse - Les Voirons agglomeration
Dmitri Hvorostovsky

**Dmitri Aleksandrovich Hvorostovsky** PAR (, 16 October 1962 – 22 November 2017) was a Russian operatic baritone. He was born in Krasnoyarsk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. He was known for performing in _The Queen of Spades_. He was awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky in 2015 and the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" in 2017.

Hvorostovsky died in London of brain cancer on 22 November 2017 at the age of 55.

## Other websites

- Hvorostovsky.com, official website including details of audio and video recordings
- Performances , Operabase
- Dmitri Hvorostovsky Virtual Archive
- Early interview with Dmitri Hvorostovsky by Bruce Duffie, September 23, 1993 (at the time of his American Operatic debut in Chicago)
Frontotemporal dementia

**Frontotemporal dementia** (**FTD**), or **frontotemporal degeneration disease** or **frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder**, includes some types of dementia.

FTD is the clinical presentation of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. It is characterized by progressive neuronal loss predominantly involving the frontal or temporal lobes, and typical loss of over 70% of spindle neurons, while other neuron types remain intact.

Second only to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in prevalence, FTD accounts for 20% of young-onset dementia cases.

Common signs and symptoms include significant changes in social and personal behavior, apathy, blunting of emotions, and deficits in both expressive and receptive language.

Types: One type of FTD, is "semantic-variant primary progressive aphasia, ... that (mostly or) primarily (does something to, or) affects the areas in the brain responsible for speech and language", according to media; Furthermore, one [can have] trouble [remembering] faces and names.

## Related pages

- Lewy body dementia
- Vascular dementia
István Konkoly

**István Konkoly** (5 March 1930 – 20 November 2017) was a Hungarian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Szombathely from 1987 to 2006. He was born in Kerkaszentmiklós, Kingdom of Hungary.

Konkoly died on 20 November 2017 in Szombathely, Hungary at the age of 87.
Thanggam LRT Station

**Thanggam LRT Station**  is an LRT station in Sengkang, Singapore. It is part of the Sengkang LRT Line. It opened together with the rest of the west loop on January 2005. At the same time, the Punggol LRT Line's east loop opened. It is near Jalan Kayu.

## Name

_Thanggam_ is the Tamil word for gold. There is a road called Lorong Thanggam near it.

## Other websites

- SBS Transit Website

## Infobox (station)

- **name**:
Thanggam
丹甘
தங்கம்
Thanggam
- **type**: Light rail
- **image**: ThanggamLRT.JPG
- **image caption**: Platform of Thanggam LRT station.
- **address**: 40 Fernvale Road
Singapore 797699
- **other**: Bus, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: Island
- **levels**: 3
- **tracks**: 2
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SBS Transit (railway company), SBS Transit (ComfortDelGro)
Cheng Lim LRT Station

**Cheng Lim LRT Station** is an LRT station in Sengkang, Singapore.

## Timeline

- 1 January 2013
The station opened.
- 2018
Sengkang General and Community Hospital opens. It is connected to the station.

## Other websites

- SBS Transit Website
Mombar

**Mombar** is a sausage dish in that is popular in Egypt . There are similar dishes in some other countries. It is made from small intestine of sheep and it is stuffed with a rice and sauce of tomato.It is fried in butter, ghee or Cooking oil. .

## Ingredients

- Sheep intestines
- Rice
- Tomatoes
- Onion
- Garlic
- Coriander
- Oil
- Tomato sauce
- Spices

A piece of mombar (about 100 grams) contains about 149 calories. Some people make it in a healthy way for people with special dietary needs, such as people who are have Diabetes mellitus.

A serving of about 300 grams contains:
- Calories:501
- Fat: 14
- Saturated fat: 1
- Cholesterol: 0
- Carbohydrates:85
- Proteins: 8

## Naming

The mombar in Egypt are lambs or sheep small intestines stuffed with rice. Filling varies and rice remains the main ingredient for filling.

## Other websites

- Egyptian food from cooks.com
Wayne Cochran

**Wayne Cochran** (May 10, 1939 – November 21, 2017) was an American soul singer. He was known for his outfits and white pompadour hairstyle. He was sometimes referred to as **The White Knight of Soul**. Cochran was best known today for writing the song "Last Kiss", which he performed with the C.C. Riders. He was also known for his song "Goin' Back to Miami" which was used in the movie _The Blues Brothers_. He was born in Thomaston, Georgia.

Cochran died on November 21, 2017, in Miramar, Florida at the age of 78.

## Other websites

- Official Website of Wayne Cochran & The C.C. Riders (Active)
- Brief bio of Wayne Cochran''
Valentin Huot

**Valentin Huot** (1 May 1929 – 21 November 2017) was a French racing cyclist. He won the French national road race title in 1957 and 1958. He was born in Creyssensac-et-Pissot, France.

Huot died on 21 November 2017 in Manzac-sur-Vern, France of bronchopneumonia, aged 88.