juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Brenles

**Brenles** was a municipality of the district Broye-Vully, in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Brenles, Chesalles-sur-Moudon, Cremin, Forel-sur-Lucens and Sarzens joined together to become the municipality of Lucens.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Brenles
- **image photo**: Brenles1.JPG
- **municipality name**: Brenles
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Blason commune CH Brenles (Vaud).svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Brenles.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully District, Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1683
- **municipality code**: 5662
- **area**: 3.83
- **elevation**: 765
- **population**: 165
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.brenles.ch
- **mayor**: Philippe Karlen
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **demonym**: Brenlois
- **neighboring municipalities**: Billens-Hennens (FR), Chavannes-sur-Moudon, Chesalles-sur-Moudon, Esmonts (FR), Lovatens, Sarzens, Siviriez (FR), Vuarmarens (FR)
Aromanian language

**Aromanian** (, _armãneashti_, or _armãneshce_), also known as **Macedo-Romanian** or **Vlach**, is an Eastern Romance language, similar to Meglenoromanian, or a dialect of the Romanian language spoken in Southeastern Europe. Its speakers are called Aromanians or Vlachs.

## Other websites

- Aromanian Language website
- Στα Βλάχικα – In Vlach: A website about the Vlach language in Greece
- Aromanian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words (from Wiktionary's Swadesh list appendix)
- Aromanian basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
- Asterios Koukoudis: Studies on the Vlachs
- Greek Helsinki Human Rights Organization: Aromanians (Vlachs) in Greece
- Conjugation of verbs in Aromanian and Istro-Romanian
- Romanian and the Balkans, with some references to Aromanian
- Greek Vlach website
- Consiliul A Tinirlor Armanj – CTARM , webpage about Youth Aromanians and their projects
- Armans Association from Serbia
- Armans Cultural Association from Romania

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Aromanian
- **nativename**: rrãmãneshti, armãneashti, armãneashce
- **states**: Greece, Albania, Romania, North Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Turkey.
- **speakers**: estimated 250,000
- **date**: 1997
- **ethnicity**: Aromanians
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Italic languages, Italic
- **fam3**: Romance languages, Romance
- **fam4**: Eastern Romance languages, Eastern Romance
- **fam5**: Balkan Romance languages, Balkan Romance
- **ancestor**: Proto-Romanian language, Proto-Romanian
- **script**: Latin script, Latin (Aromanian alphabet)
- **minority**:

- **iso2**: rup
- **iso3**: rup
- **glotto**: arom1237
- **glottorefname**: Aromanian
- **lingua**: 51-AAD-ba
- **notice**: IPA
Chadlia Caid Essebsi

**Chadlia Saïda Farhat Essebsi** (August 1, 1936 – September 15, 2019) was the former First Lady of Tunisia from 2014 through 2019. She was the wife of President Beji Caid Essebsi. She was Tunisia's fifth first lady, as well as the second following the Tunisian Revolution.

She died in Tunis of a heart attack on 15 September 2019, aged 83, less than two months after her husband.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image name**: Chadlia Caid Essebsi.jpg
- **caption**: Chadlia Saïda Farhat during the 1950s
- **office**: First Lady of Tunisia
- **term start**: December 31, 2014
- **term end**: July 25, 2019
- **predecessor**: Béatrice Marzouki
- **successor**: Siren Ennaceur
- **president**: Beji Caid Essebsi
- **birth name**: Chadlia Saïda Farhat
- **birth place**: Tunis, Tunisia
- **death place**: Tunis, Tunisia
- **children**: 4
Michael Shenstone

**Michael Shenstone** (June 25, 1928 – September 9, 2019) was a Canadian politician. He was born in Toronto. Shenstone was the Canadian ambassador to Saudi Arabia between 1974 and 1978 and to Austria from 1985 through 1990. He played a key role in releasing American hostages from Iran between 1979 through 1981.

Shenstone died in Mississauga, Ontario on September 9, 2019 at the age of 91.
Jim Greengrass

**James Raymond Greengrass** (October 24, 1927 – September 9, 2019) was an American professional baseball player. He appeared in 504 games over five seasons (1952–1956) in Major League Baseball for the Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs and Philadelphia Phillies.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Jim Greengrass
- **position**: Outfielder
- **image**: JimGreengrass1954bowman.jpg
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: Addison, New York
- **death place**: Chatsworth, Georgia
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: September 9
- **debutteam**: Cincinnati Reds
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: September 30
- **finalteam**: Philadelphia Phillies
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .269
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 69
- **stat3label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 282
- **teams**: *Cincinnati Reds, Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs (–)
*Philadelphia Phillies (–)
Addison, New York

**Addison** is a town in Steuben County, New York, United States. The population was 2,397 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Addison, New York
- **settlement type**: Administrative divisions of New York#Town, Town
- **image skyline**: NY 417 east entering Addison town.jpg
- **image caption**: New York State Route 417, NY 417 eastbound entering the town of Addison.
- **pushpin map**: New York
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Steuben County, New York, Steuben County
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1796
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 66.53
- **area total sq mi**: 25.69
- **area land km2**: 66.16
- **area land sq mi**: 25.55
- **area water km2**: 0.37
- **area water sq mi**: 0.14
- **elevation ft**: 998
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 2397
- **population density km2**: 38.24
- **population density sq mi**: 99.04
- **timezone1**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1 dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 14801
- **area code**: Area code 607, 607
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-101-00287
- **website**: [https://www.townofaddison.info Town of Addison]
Chatsworth, Georgia

**Chatsworth** is a city in Murray County, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Dalton, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 4,874 at the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Murray County.
Dalton, Georgia

**Dalton** is a city in Whitfield County, Georgia, United States. It is the county seat of Whitfeld County and the principal city of the Dalton, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 34,417.
Rudi Gutendorf

**Rudolf Gutendorf** (30 August 1926 – 13 September 2019) was a German football manager and player. He was known for managing the highest number of national teams – a total of 19 teams plus Iran's Olympic team in 1988 and the China Olympic team in 1992. He played for TuS Koblenz from 1944 through 1953. He was born in Koblenz, Germany.

Gutendorf died on 13 September 2019 at the age of 93.
Alex Grammas

**Alexander Peter Grammas** (April 3, 1926 – September 13, 2019) was an American professional baseball infielder, manager and coach. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. Grammas played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Redlegs and Chicago Cubs. He threw and batted right-handed, and was listed as  tall and .

Grammas coached the Cubs, the Pittsburgh Pirates, the Reds, the Atlanta Braves and the Detroit Tigers.

Grammas died at his home in Vestavia Hills, Alabama on September 13, 2019 at the age of 93.
Bussy-sur-Moudon

**Bussy-sur-Moudon ** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bussy-sur-Moudon
- **municipality name**: Bussy-sur-Moudon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Bussy-sur-Moudon COA.svg
- **image photo**: Bussy-sur-Moudon1.JPG
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1514
- **municipality code**: 5663
- **area**: 3.09
- **elevation**: 628
- **population**: 191
- **populationof**: 2003
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lucens, Moudon, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Oulens-sur-Lucens
Champtauroz

**Champtauroz** is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Champtauroz
- **municipality name**: Champtauroz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Champtauroz COA.svg
- **image photo**: Champtauroz.JPG
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1537
- **municipality code**: 5812
- **area**: 3.05
- **elevation**: 692
- **population**: 116
- **populationof**: 2003
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chavannes-le-Chêne, Chêne-Pâquier, Combremont-le-Grand, Combremont-le-Petit, Démoret, Treytorrens (Payerne), Vuissens (FR)
Lovatens

**Lovatens** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lovatens
- **municipality name**: Lovatens
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Lovatens COA.svg
- **image photo**: Lovatens1.JPG
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1682
- **municipality code**: 5674
- **area**: 3.47
- **elevation**: 712
- **population**: 149
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.lovatens.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Billens-Hennens (FR), Brenles, Curtilles, Dompierre, Vaud, Dompierre, Prévonloup, Sarzens
Ropraz

**Ropraz** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Ropraz
- **municipality name**: Ropraz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Ropraz COA.svg
- **image photo**: Ropraz1.JPG
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1088
- **municipality code**: 5798
- **area**: 4.83
- **elevation**: 746
- **population**: 351
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.ropraz.ch
- **mayor**: Philippe Jordan
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Carrouge, Vaud, Carrouge, Corcelles-le-Jorat, Hermenches, Montpreveyres, Vucherens
Hermenches

**Hermenches** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district  in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Chavannes-sur-Moudon

**Chavannes-sur-Moudon** is a municipality in the of Broye-Vully district  in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Chevroux, Switzerland

**Chevroux** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Chevroux
- **municipality name**: Chevroux
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Chevroux COA.svg
- **image photo**: ChevrouxVD.JPG
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1545
- **municipality code**: 5813
- **area**: 4.37
- **elevation**: 454
- **population**: 391
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.chevroux.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bevaix (NE), Boudry (NE), Cortaillod (NE), Forel, Fribourg, Forel (FR), Gletterens (FR), Grandcour
Corcelles-le-Jorat

**Corcelles-le-Jorat** is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Corcelles-le-Jorat
- **municipality name**: Corcelles-le-Jorat
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Corcelles-le-Jorat COA.svg
- **image photo**: Corcelles-le-Jorat.JPG
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Corcelles-le-Jorat.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1082
- **municipality code**: 5785
- **area**: 7.94
- **elevation**: 783
- **population**: 429
- **populationof**: 2004
- **website**: www.corcelles-le-jorat.ch
- **mayor**: Daniel Ruch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **demonym**: Les Corçallins
Lè Grante-Coraille
- **neighboring municipalities**: Peney-le-Jorat, Hermenches,  Ropraz, Montpreveyres, Froideville (Vaud), Froideville, Villars-Tiercelin
Curtilles

**Curtilles** is a municipality in the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Curtilles
- **municipality name**: Curtilles
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Curtilles COA.svg
- **image photo**: Église de Curtilles.JPG
- **image caption**: The church of Saint-Pierre at Curtilles
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Curtilles.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Broye-Vully (district), Broye-Vully
- **postal code**: 1521
- **municipality code**: 5669
- **area**: 4.95
- **elevation**: 516
- **population**: 282
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.curtilles.ch
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chesalles-sur-Moudon, Dompierre, Vaud, Dompierre, Lovatens, Lucens, Moudon, Sarzens, Seigneux
Treytorrens

**Treytorrens (Payerne)** is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website
Don't Call Me Angel

"**Don't Call Me Angel (Charlie's Angels)**" is a song recorded by American singers Ariana Grande, Miley Cyrus, and Lana Del Rey.  It was released on September 13, 2019, as the theme song to the upcoming remake of the film _Charlie's Angels_.  It is an  pop and R&B song. All three artists wrote the song with Savan Kotecha, Alma-Sofia Miettinen, and its producers, Max Martin and Ilya.

## Infobox (song)

- **type**: single
- **artist**: Ariana Grande, Miley Cyrus, and Lana Del Rey
- **album**: Charlie's Angels
- **released**: September 13, 2019
- **length**: 3:10
- **label**: Republic
Lol Mahamat Choua

**Lol Mahamat Choua** (June 15, 1939 – September 15, 2019) was a Chadian politician. He was his country's head of state for four months in 1979. He was the President of the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP) political party.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Lol Mahamat Choua
- **order**: 4th President of Chad
- **term start**: April 29, 1979
- **term end**: September 3, 1979
- **vicepresident**: Negué Djogo
- **predecessor**: Goukouni Oueddei
- **successor**: Goukouni Oueddei
- **birth place**: Mao, Chad, Mao, French Equatorial Africa <small>(present day Chad)</small>
- **death place**: N'Djamena, Chad
- **party**: Rally for Democracy and Progress (Chad), Rally for Democracy and Progress
Roberto Leal (singer)

**António Joaquim Fernandes** (November 27, 1951 – September 15, 2019), known as **Roberto Leal**, was a Portuguese-Brazilian singer-songwriter. He sold more than 17 million albums, and received 30 golden records and 5 platinum records. He was born in Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal.

In an opinion poll by Datafolha in Rio de Janeiro, asking what was the first famous Portuguese person people could think of, Leal came in first, with 15%, ahead of Pedro Álvares Cabral (9%) and Luís de Camões (4%). Some of Leal best known songs are: "Bate o Pé", "Clareou", "O Vinho de Meu Amor", and "Marrabenta".

In 2007 and 2010, he released albums both in Portuguese and Mirandese languages.

In January 2019, Leal revealed that he had skin cancer. He died at the age of 67 on September 15, 2019 at a São Paulo hospital. The cause of death was kidney failure caused by skin cancer-related medicine.
Phyllis Newman

**Phyllis Newman** (March 19, 1933 – September 15, 2019) was an American actress, activist and singer. She won the 1962 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her role as Martha Vail in the Broadway-theatre production of _Subways Are for Sleeping_. She was nominated twice for the Drama Desk Award.

Newman was a breast cancer survivor. She died on September 15, 2019 in New York City at the age of 86. The cause of death was lung disease-related problems.

## Other websites

- Phyllis Newman's Website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Phyllis Newman
- **image**: File:Phyllis Newman 1966.jpg
- **caption**: Newman in 1966.
- **birth place**: Jersey City, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress, singer, activist
- **years active**: 1952–2019
B. J. Khatal-Patil

**Bhikajirao Jijaba Khatal-Patil** () (March 26, 1919 – September 16, 2019), popularly known as _Dada_ or _Khatal Saheb_, was an Indian politician, writer and activist. He was a member of the Indian National Congress (INC). Khatal-Patil was born in Sangamner, Ahmednagar District. He was a member of the Maharashtra legislative assembly between 1962 through 1978 and again through 1980 through 1985.

Khatal-Patil died on September 16, 2019 at his home in Sangamner of pneumonia at the age of 100.
Mike Stefanik

**Michael Stefanik** (May 20, 1958 – September 15, 2019) was an American professional stock car racing driver. He competed mainly in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour. He was a seven-time champion in the Modified series, Stefanik was named the second greatest NASCAR Modified driver of all-time in 2003. His nine total championships (two in the Busch North Series) tie him with Richie Evans for most in NASCAR history. He was born in Wilbraham, Massachusetts.

Stefanik was killed in an airplane crash near Sterling, Connecticut September 15, 2019 at the age of 61.
Wilbraham, Massachusetts

**Wilbraham** is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a suburb of the City of Springfield, and part of the Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 14,613 at the 2020 census.
Sterling, Connecticut

**Sterling** is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 3,578 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sterling, Connecticut
- **settlement type**: New England town, Town
- **image skyline**: Post Office, Sterling CT.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Sterling's Post Office
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1794
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state
- **subdivision type2**: County (United States), County
- **subdivision name2**: Windham County, Connecticut, Windham
- **subdivision type3**: Councils of governments in Connecticut, Region
- **subdivision name3**: Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut, Northeastern CT
- **area total km2**: 70.7
- **area land km2**: 70.5
- **area water km2**: 0.2
- **area total sq mi**: 27.3
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 3578
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **area land sq mi**: 27.2
- **area water sq mi**: 0.1
- **elevation m**: 117
- **elevation ft**: 384
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 06377, 06373
- **area code**: Area codes 860 and 959, 860/959
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 09-73420
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0213512
Ric Ocasek

**Richard Theodore Otcasek** (March 23, 1944 – September 15, 2019), known as **Ric Ocasek** (), was an American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and painter He was best known as the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist and primary lyricist for the rock band the Cars. His best known songs were "Just What I Needed", "My Best Friend's Girl", "You Might Think" and "Drive", the first and latter on which bandmate Ben Orr sang lead vocals. Ocasek was born in Baltimore, Maryland and raised in Cleveland, Ohio.

In 2018, Ocasek was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Cars.  Unlike most bands that made it big, The Cars did not do recreational or illicit drug use.  The Cars were known to drink and stay up late and record most of their music throughout the night hours.

Ocasek was found dead in his New York City apartment on September 15, 2019 from hypertension and heart disease at the age of 75.

## Other websites

- Ric Ocasek VH1 artist page
- Ric Ocasek AOL artist page
- [ Ric Ocasek Allmusic artist page]
Pitch bend

A **pitch bend** is a music effect on where one note will slide to another note. Pitch bends is a technical term that is used in MIDI technology and there are some genres of music such as rock and video game where pitch bends are often heard. The first synthesizer with a pitch wheel was the Minimoog, in 1970.
Kodela Siva Prasada Rao

**Kodela Siva Prasada Rao** (2 May 1947 – 16 September 2019) was an Indian politician. He was born in Kandlagunta, Andhra Pradesh. Rao was a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (APLA) from 1983 through his death. He was the Speaker of the APLA from 2014 until his death.

On 16 September 2019, Rao died at a hospital in Hyderabad after hanging himself at the age of 72.
Paul Cronin

**Paul Cronin** (8 July 1938 – 13 September 2019) was an Australian actor. He was known for his roles in the Australian television series _Matlock Police_ and _The Sullivans_. He won the Silver Logie five times. Cronin was born in Jamestown, South Australia.

Cronin died on 13 September 2019 in Melbourne at the age of 81.
John Ralston (American football)

**John R. Ralston** (April 26, 1927 — September 14, 2019) was an American football player, coach, and sports executive. He was born in Oakland, California and raised in Norway, Michigan.

Ralston was the head football coach at Utah State University (1959–1962), Stanford University (1963–1971), and San Jose State University (1993–1996). He also coached the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL) from 1972 to 1976 and the Oakland Invaders of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983.

Ralston was added into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1992.

Ralston died on September 14, 2019 in Sunnyvale, California at the age of 92.
Norway, Michigan

**Norway** is a city in Dickinson County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 2,840 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Iron Mountain, MI–WI Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Norway, Michigan
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Downtown Norway Michigan.jpg
- **imagesize**: 275
- **image caption**: Downtown at Main Street and U.S. Route 2
- **pushpin map**: Michigan#USA
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin label**: Norway
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of Michigan##Location within the United States
- **image map**: Norway, Michigan location 2020.png
- **mapsize**: 250
- **map caption**: Location within Dickinson County, Michigan, Dickinson County
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Michigan
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Michigan, County
- **subdivision name2**: Dickinson County, Michigan, Dickinson
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City manager, Manager
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1877
- **established title1**: Incorporated
- **established date1**: 1891
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 24.73
- **area land km2**: 24.51
- **area water km2**: 0.22
- **area total sq mi**: 9.55
- **area land sq mi**: 9.46
- **area water sq mi**: 0.08
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 2840
- **population density sq mi**: 300.21
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: −06:00
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −05:00
- **elevation m**: 290
- **elevation ft**: 951
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code, ZIP code(s)
- **postal code**: 49870
- **area code**: Area code 906, 906
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 26-59220
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0633751
Neil Hartigan

**Neil F. Hartigan** (born  May 4, 1938) is an American Democrat. He was Illinois Attorney General, the 40th Lieutenant Governor, and a justice of the Illinois Appellate Court.

Hartigan also was the Democratic nominee for Governor in 1990, but lost the race to Republican Jim Edgar.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Neil Hartigan
- **image**: File:Neil F. Hartigan.jpeg
- **office**: 38th Illinois Attorney General, Attorney General of Illinois
- **governor**: James R. Thompson
- **term start**: January 12, 1983
- **term end**: January 14, 1991
- **predecessor**: Tyrone C. Fahner
- **successor**: Roland Burris
- **office1**: 40th Lieutenant Governor of Illinois
- **governor1**: Daniel Walker
- **term start1**: January 8, 1973
- **term end1**: January 10, 1977
- **predecessor1**: Paul Simon (politician), Paul Simon
- **successor1**: Dave O'Neal
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **profession**: Attorney and Politician
- **spouse**: Marge Dunne
Tijjani Muhammad-Bande

**Tijjani Muhammad-Bande** (OFR) (born December 7, 1957) is a Nigerian political scientist, administrator and career diplomat. He was the President of the United Nations General Assembly from 2019 to 2020.

He was the permanent representative of Nigeria to the United Nations and was the Vice-President of the General Assembly during its 71st session in September 2016.

On June 4, 2019 he was elected the President of the 74th session of the Assembly to replace María Fernanda Espinosa in September 2019.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Tijjani Muhammad-Bande
- **image**: Tijjani Muhammad-Bande (48791461812) (cropped).jpg
- **office**: President of the United Nations General Assembly
- **term start**: September 17, 2019
- **term end**: September 15, 2020
- **successor**: Volkan Bozkır
- **predecessor**: María Fernanda Espinosa
- **office1**: Nigeria and the United Nations, Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations
- **term start1**: 2017
- **term end1**: 2019
- **office2**: Director-General
 National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies
- **term start2**: April 2010
- **term end2**: February 2016
- **office3**: Vice Chancellor
Usman Danfodio University
- **term start3**: 2004
- **term end3**: 2009
- **office4**: Director-General
African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development
- **term start4**: January 2000
- **term end4**: February 2004
- **nationality**: Nigeria
- **children**: 4
- **alma mater**: Ahmadu Bello University <small>(B.Sc)</small>
Boston University <small>(M.A)</small>
University of Toronto <small>(Ph.D)</small>
Philippe Pétain

**Philippe Pétain** (24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951) was a French General  who served as leader of Vichy France between 1940 and 1944.

During World War I Pétain was the hero of the Battle of Verdun and led the French Army until the end of the war in 1918.

In 1940 during the Battle of France the French government asked him to govern the country. He surrendered to the Germans. From 1940 to late 1942, Vichy France was a client state of Nazi Germany. In November 1942 Pétain became a puppet of Nazi Germany as they fully occupied and disarmed Vichy France.

After the war, Pétain was tried and convicted for treason. He was originally sentenced to death, but due to his age and World War I service his sentence was commuted to life in prison. He died in 1951.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Philippe Petain
- **image**: Pétain - Portrait photographique 1941.jpg
- **caption**: Pétain in 1941
- **office**: Chief of the French State
- **term**: 11 July 1940 – 20 August 1944
- **birth date**: 24 April 1856
- **birth place**: Cauchy-à-la-Tour, Pas-de-Calais, Second French Empire
- **death place**: Port-Joinville, Vendée, France
- **office1**: Prime Minister of France
- **termend1**: 11 July 1940
- **termstart1**: 16 June 1940
- **termend2**: 16 June 1940
- **termstart2**: 18 May 1940
- **office2**: Deputy Prime Minister of France
Marginal sea

A **marginal sea** is a part of an ocean that is between the coastal zone and open ocean. Such a sea is partly enclosed by land and not as deep as the open ocean. There are many named marginal seas. However, there is some disagreement on what makes a sea a marginal sea or not.

## Related pages

- List of seas
- Inland sea
Lynx (web browser)

**Lynx** is a customizable text-based web browser for use on cursor-addressable character cell terminals. , it is the oldest web browser still in general use and active development, having started in 1992.

## History

Lynx was a product of the Distributed Computing Group within Academic Computing Services of the University of Kansas. It was first created in 1992 by a team of students and staff at the university (Lou Montulli, Michael Grobe and Charles Rezac) as a hypertext browser. It was used only to distribute campus information as part of a _Campus-Wide Information Server_. It was also used for browsing the Gopher space.

## Infobox (web browser)

- **name**: Lynx
- **screenshot**: Lynx-wikipedia.png
- **caption**: An older version of the normal English article displayed in Lynx
- **author**: Lou Montulli, Michael Grobe, Charles Rezac
- **programming language**: C (programming language)#ANSI C and ISO C, ISO C
- **operating system**: Unix-like, DOS, Windows
- **ver layout**: stacked
- **engine**: fork (software development), fork of libwww
- **language**: English language, English
- **genre**: Text-based web browser
- **license**: GNU General Public License#Version 2, GNU GPLv2
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War

The **Fourth Anglo-Dutch War** was fought between England and the Dutch Republic. The English carried out a mass slaughter of Dutch.
Penny Whetton

**Penelope Whetton** (5 January 1958 – 11 September 2019) was an Australian climatologist. She was an expert in regional climate change effects due to global warming and in the impacts of those changes. Her primary scientific focus was  Australia.

In 1989, she joined the Atmospheric Research division of CSIRO (later becoming CMAR CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research). She was one of the lead authors of the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Whetton was born in Melbourne. She was married to Senator Janet Rice. In 2003, she had sexual reassignment surgery. Whetton died on 11 September 2019 in Sisters Beach, Tasmania at the age of 61.
Luigi Colani

**Luigi Colani** (born **Lutz Colani**; 2 August 1928 – 16 September 2019) was a German industrial designer. He was born in Berlin. His long career began in the 1950s when he designed cars for companies including Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Volkswagen, and BMW.

Colani died in Karlsruhe on 16 September 2019 at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Colani Design Germany GmbH
- Colani Trading AG
- Japanese Colani fan web site
- 3 pictures of the Kitchen Satellite
- Website of his son's design company and his Instagram  and IMDb pages
- Article in the New York Times: Colani’s Concepts Make Concept Cars Look Tame (2007)
Steve Dalachinsky

**Steven Donald Dalachinsky** (September 29, 1946 – Septemeber 16, 2019) was an American poet. He was from New York City.

He was a 2014 recipient of a Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, received the Franz Kafka Prize, Acker Award, PEN Oakland/Josephine Miles Literary Award and was nominated for a 2015 Pushcart Prize.

Dalachinsky died of a stroke on September 16, 2019 at a hospital in Long Island, New York at the age of 72.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Steve Dalachinsky
- **image**: Image:Steve Dalachinsky by David Shankbone.jpg
- **caption**: At the 2007 Brooklyn Book Festival
- **birth name**: Steven Donald Dalachinsky
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Long Island, New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Poet
- **notableworks**: *_A Superintendent’s Eyes_
*_The Final Nite & Other Poems: Complete Notes from a Charles Gayle Notebook_
- **spouse**: Yuko Otomo
- **awards**: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
H. S. Dillon

**Harbrinderjit Singh Dillon** (23 April 1945 – 16 September 2019) was an Indonesian Sikh and political/human rights activist. He was Assistant to the Minister of Agriculture and Commissioner of the National Commission on Human Rights. He was an outspoken critic of corruption in Indonesia.

Dillon died on 16 September 2019 at a hospital in Jakarta at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- HS Dillon, a fearless campaigner - March 09, 2005. Interview, personal background and list of positions.
- Indonesians in Focus: H. S. Dillon - H. S. Dillon and governance reform  _planetmole.org_
- The Association for Human Rights Reporting Standards (FIHRRST)
Sakahoko Nobushige

**Sakahoko Nobushige** (born as **Yoshiaki Fukuzono**; 18 June 1961 – 16 September 2019) was a Japanese sumo wrestler. His highest rank was _sekiwake._ He later became the head coach of Izutsu stable. He was the elder brother of Terao Tsunefumi. Nobushige was born in Kagoshima, Japan. Sakahoko made his professional debut in January 1978.

Sakahoko died of pancreatic cancer on 16 September 2019 at the age of 58.

## Other websites

- Article on brothers in sumo
Khem Singh Gill

**Khem Singh Gill** (1 September 1930 – 17 September 2019) was an Indian academic, geneticist and plant breeder. He was a former Vice-Chancellor of the Punjab Agricultural University from 1990 through 1993.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Khem Singh Gill
- **image**: Dr. Khem Singh Gill.png
- **birth place**: Kaleke, Moga District, Punjab Province (British India), Punjab, India
- **occupation**: Geneticist
Plant breeder
Academic
- **yearsactive**: Since 1951
- **spouse**: (Late) Surjit Kaur Gill
- **children**: Dr. Baljit Singh Gill
Dr. Davinder Kaur Saran
Ranjit Singh Gill
- **known for**: Genetics
Plant breeding
- **awards**: Padma Bhushan
Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, ICAR Team Research Award
FICCI Award
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, ICAR Golden Jubilee Award
ISOR Silver Jubilee Award
Brian McClendon

**Brian McClendon** (born 1964) is an American software designer, developer, and engineer. He was a co-founder and angel investor in Keyhole, Inc.. Keyhole is a geospatial data visualization company that was purchased by Google in 2004. Google bought it so they could create Google Earth. He was inducted into the National Academy of Engineering in 2015.

## Early life

McClendon grew up in Lawrence, Kansas. His childhood home, Meadowbrook Apartments in Lawrence, is the default center point of Google Earth. He graduated from Lawrence High School in 1982. He graduated from the University of Kansas in 1986 with a degree in electrical engineering.

### Technology

McClendon became a vice president at Google in 2004. This was when Google purchased Keyhole. Keyhole's main application suite, Earth Viewer, formed the basis of Google Earth.

He left Google to join Uber in June 2015. He did this to work on mapping.

In March 2017, he quit Uber (though was still an adviser) to return to his hometown. He said he was interested in Kansas politics.

### Politics

In January 2018, he said he would run for Kansas Secretary of State as a Democrat. He had no opponent in the primary election. He was selected as the Democratic candidate. He was defeated in the general election by the Republican candidate Scott Schwab.

## Other websites

- Website
- NAE Profile

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Brian McClendon
- **image**: Brian McClendon 7-21-11.jpg
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Beth Ellyn McClendon
- **education**: University of Kansas, University of Kansas, Lawrence (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Alan Mulally

**Alan Roger Mulally** (born August 4, 1945) is an American engineer, business executive, and former President and Chief Executive Officer of the Ford Motor Company. He retired from Ford Motor Company on July 1, 2014. Ford had been struggling during the late-2000s recession. Mulally made it profitable again. Because of him, Ford was the only American major car manufacturer to avoid a bailout fund given by the government. On July 15, 2014, he was chosen to be on the Google Board of Directors.

Mulally was the executive vice president of Boeing and the CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes (BCA). He started his career with Boeing as an engineer in 1969. He was mostly credited with BCA's :simple:wikt:resurgence against Airbus in the mid-2000s. In 2015, Mulally was inducted into the International Air & Space Hall of Fame at the San Diego Air & Space Museum.

## Early life

Mulally was born in Oakland, California. He was the son of Lauraine Lizette (Clark) and Charles R. Mulally, who met at a USO dance. Mulally grew up in his mother's hometown of Lawrence, Kansas. This was where he was a member of Plymouth Congregational Church. He considered Rev. Dale Turner "a mentor and an inspiration". He used to sit at the front of the church to study the minister's influence on the congregation. Mulally said that he was motivated at the age of 17 by president John F. Kennedy's challenge to send a man to the moon.

### Education

Mulally graduated from the University of Kansas. It was also his mother's alma mater. He graduated with Bachelor of Science (1968) and Master of Science (1969) degrees in aeronautical and astronautical engineering. He was also a member of the Kappa Sigma Fraternity.

## Other websites

- Biography: Alan Mulally at Ford Motor Company
- Profile at _Bloomberg Businessweek_
- Alan Mulally's federal campaign contributions from Newsmeat

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alan Mulally
- **image**: Alan Mulally 2013-01-30 001.jpg
- **caption**: Mulally in 2013
- **birth name**: Alan Roger Mulally
- **birth place**: Oakland, California, U.S.
- **spouse**: Nicki Mulally
- **children**: 5
- **alma mater**: University of Kansas, Lawrence (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Master of Science in Management, MSM)
- **known for**: Former President and CEO of Ford Motor Company
 Former CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes
Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye

The **Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye** is a well-known hospital in the Poissy and Saint-Germain-en-Laye, close to Paris. It was created in 1997.
It is partner of the Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

## Further reading

- CHIPS

## Infobox (hospital)

- **name**: Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital
- **org/group**: _Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris_
- **location**: Poissy, Saint-Germain-en-Laye
- **region**: Île-de-France
- **country**: France
- **healthcare**: Public
- **type**: Teaching
- **emergency**: Yes
- **beds**: 1209
- **website**: http://www.chi-poissy-st-germain.fr/
Manuel Delgado Parker

**Manuel Delgado Parker** (November 18, 1936 – 16 September 2019) was a Peruvian businessman. He was born in Lima. He founded the media company Grupo RPP. In 1990 Manuel founded the Society of Latin America Broadcasting, made up of the main radio networks of Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela Bolivia and Argentina. He was responsible for leading Panamericana Televisión during the 1990s.

Delgado Parker died on 16 September 2019 in Lima at the age of 82.
Cokie Roberts

**Mary Martha Corinne Morrison Claiborne Roberts** (née **Boggs**; December 27, 1943 – September 17, 2019), known as **Cokie Roberts**, was an American journalist, political commentator and bestselling author.

Her career as a political reporter and analyst included working for National Public Radio and ABC News. She also appeared on _Morning Edition_, _The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour_, _World News Tonight_, and _This Week_.

In 2002, Roberts was diagnosed with breast cancer. She died from problems of the disease in Washington, D.C. on September 17, 2019 at the age of 75.

## Other websites

- Cokie Roberts Interview with Chris Matthews, Plum TV
- Official biography – NPR
- Recent NPR stories by Cokie Roberts – NPR
- Video Interviews with Cokie Roberts – Charlie Rose
- Women of Influence – National Endowment for the Humanities
- 1994 Commencement Speech  – Wellesley College
- Oral History of the U.S. House of Representatives  – Cokie Roberts gives a first-hand account of growing up in the capital.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Cokie Roberts
- **image**: Cokie Roberts.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Roberts at the LBJ Presidential Library in 2017
- **birth name**: Mary Martha Corinne Morrison Claiborne Roberts
- **birth place**: New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **nationality**: United States
- **known for**: Journalist, author, pundit, television
- **alma mater**: Wellesley College
- **employer**: NPR, ABC Studios, ABC, PBS
- **occupation**: Journalist, author
- **title**: Contributing Senior News Analyst
- **children**: Rebecca Roberts
Lee Roberts
- **parents**: Hale Boggs
Lindy Boggs
- **relatives**: Barbara Boggs Sigmund (Sister, deceased)
 Thomas Hale Boggs, Jr., Tommy Boggs (Brother, deceased)
William C. C. Claiborne (ancestor)
DeLesseps Story Morrison (second cousin, once removed)
Hale Boggs

**Thomas Hale Boggs Sr.** (February 15, 1914 – disappeared October 16, 1972) was an American Democratic politician and a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Orleans, Louisiana. He was the House majority leader and a member of the Warren Commission.

In October 1972, Boggs was travelling with congressman Nick Begich, of Alaska, and two others when the plane disappeared while flying from Anchorage to Juneau, Alaska. He was declared dead in declared dead in _absentia_ in December 1972.

## Related pages

- List of people who disappeared mysteriously: 1910–1990

## Other websites

- Hale Boggs Telex — Debunked

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hale Boggs
- **image**: Hale Boggs.png
- **office**: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, House Majority Leader
- **1blankname**: Speaker
- **1namedata**: Carl Albert
- **deputy**: Tip O'Neill
- **term start**: January 3, 1971
- **term end**: January 3, 1973
- **predecessor**: Carl Albert
- **successor**: Tip O'Neill
- **office1**: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, House Majority Whip
- **leader1**: John William McCormack
- **term start1**: January 10, 1962
- **term end1**: January 3, 1971
- **predecessor1**: Carl Albert
- **successor1**: Tip O'Neill
- **state2**: Louisiana
- **term start2**: January 3, 1947
- **term end2**: January 3, 1973
- **predecessor2**: Paul H. Maloney
- **successor2**: Lindy Boggs
- **term start3**: January 3, 1941
- **term end3**: January 3, 1943
- **predecessor3**: Paul H. Maloney
- **successor3**: Paul H. Maloney
- **birth name**: Thomas Hale Boggs
- **birth place**: Long Beach, Mississippi, United States, U.S.
- **death date**: Disappeared
- **death place**: Alaska, United States, U.S.
Declared death in absentia, Declared dead _in absentia_

- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Lindy Boggs, Lindy Claiborne
- **children**: Cokie Roberts, Cokie
Thomas Hale Boggs Jr., Tommy
Barbara Boggs Sigmund, Barbara
- **education**: Tulane University (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Bachelor of Laws, LLB)
Declared death in absentia

A person may be legally **declared dead **, i.e. a **legal presumption of death** may be declared, despite without proof of the person's death, such as the finding of remains (e.g., a corpse or skeleton) of that person. Such a declaration is usually made when a person has been missing for a long amount of time. If there is lack of evidence that the person is still alive after a period of time, then they could be legally declared dead. Amelia Earhart was declared dead _in absentia_.
Board of education

A **board of education**, **school committee** or **school board** is the board of directors or board of trustees of a school, local school district or anything like those.

## In the United States

For over a century, **local boards** were responsible for public education funding, standards, instruction, and results. To a extent is still true. At their height in the 1930s, there were as many as 127,500 boards. Some rural states had more school board members than teachers. Such boards looked over school systems serving agrarian and industrial economies.
School district

A **school district** is a special-purpose district that runs local public primary and secondary schools in various nations.

## United States

In the U.S, public schools belong to school districts. They are governed by **school boards.**

School districts in the Midwest and West often cross city borders. School districts in New England and the Mid-Atlantic regions tend to stay inside of city, township, and/or county boundaries.

A **unified school district** includes both elementary schools and secondary schools (middle schools and high schools). There are also some school districts that operate only high schools, or only elementary schools.

## More reading

- Yan, Wenfan (Indiana University of Pennsylvania). "A Comparison of Rural School Districts" ( ). The Center for Rural Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania General Assembly. September 2006.
- "How Small Is Too Small? An Analysis of School District Consolidation" ( ). Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) (Fiscal and policy advisor of the California Legislature). May 2, 2011.

## More websites

- 2002 Census of Governments
- U.S. School Districts Online
Special-purpose district

**Special districts** (also known as **special service districts, special district governments**, **limited purpose entities**,  or **special-purpose districts** in the United States) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments. They have a lot of independence in their administration and funding. They are created to do a single task or a many similar tasks. The U.S. Census Bureau says that school districts aren't _special district governments_.  In 2007, the U.S. had more than 37,000 special district governments.

## Related pages

- Local government

## More reading

- Friedman, L. M. A history of American law. (3rd). Simon & Schuster: New York. 2005.
- Krane, D., Rigos, P. N., and Hill, M. B. Home rule in America: A fifty-state handbook. CQ Press. 2001.
- Mergent's Municipal and Government Manual
- Zimmerman, J. F. The New England town meeting. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1997.

## Other websites

- A Citizen's Guide to Special Districts in California
- California Special Districts Association
- U.S. Census Bureau
- U.S. Census Bureau/Governments Organization/Volume 1
- Government Accounting Standards Board
- 2006 Government Finance and Employment Classification Manual, U.S. Census Bureau
- 2007 Governments Integrated Directory, U.S. Census Bureau
- IRS tax-exempt bond information
- Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington
- Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Special District Accountability Program
- State and Local Government Review - current and past issues
- Bloomberg News
- Last Week Tonight with John Oliver: Special Districts (HBO)