juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Octave Landuyt

**Octave Landuyt** (26 December 1922 – 6 August 2024) was a Flemish painter, sculptor (bronze and ceramics), jewellery designer, graphic artist, industrial designer and designer of stage sets, costumes, textiles, furniture and carpets. He received various distinctions and prizes and represented in numerous museums and art collections in Belgium and internationally. Landuyt completed a full career as a teacher, initially at the Royal Athenaeum of Kortrijk, and from 1954 at the State Normal School in Ghent (now HoGent).

In 2022, the exhibition "Aurum Flandriae" was held in Antwerp in honor of his hundredth birthday.

Landuyt died on 6 Augusts 2024 at the age of 101 years old.

## Related links

- Landuyt at belgian-art-gallery.be
Blochius

***Blochius*** is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish from the Eocene. It is found only in the Tethys Ocean and known from Monte Bolca in Italy. It is the only genus of the family **Blochiidae** in the order Istiophoriformes.

## Description

_Blochius_ had a slender body reminiscent of a needlefish. Just like a swordfish, it had a pointy snout. It was small and thin, but attacked prey like a modern-day needlefish.

### Naming

This fish was first mentioned by Swiss scientist Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, who found a piece of a _Blochius_ skeleton. Later, in 1796, Giovanni Serafino Volta gave the fish a scientific name.

### Species

_Blochius_ has three species:

- _Blochius longirostris_ <small>Volta, 1796</small>
- _Blochius macropterus_ <small>de Zigno, 1887</small>
- _Blochius moorheadi_ <small>Eastman, 1911</small> (nomen dubium)

## References

1. <small>Fierstine, Harry L.; Monsch, Kenneth A. (2002). "Fossil history of billfishes (Xiphioidei)". _Bulletin of Marine Science_. **79** (3): 433–453.</small>
1. <small>G. S. Volta, _Ittiolitologia Veronese del museo Bozziano ora annesso a quello del conte Giovambattista Gazola e di altri gabinetti fossili veronesi con la versione latina_, Stamperia Guiliari, Verona, 1796–1808, 323 pp.</small>

## Other websites

- Data related to Blochius at Wikidata
Kapteyn's Star

**Kapteyn's Star** is a red subdwarf of spectral type M1. It is located about 12.83 light years away from the Earth in the constellation Pictor. It is the closest star with a halo to the Solar System. Since, it has an apparent magnitude of nearly 9, it is visible through binoculars or a telescope.

The star is 30% of the diameter of the Sun but just 1.2% as luminous. It may have been used to be part of the globular cluster Omega Centauri. In 2014, two planets, Kapteyn b and Kapteyn c, were thought to orbit the star. but had a mix of disagreements and agreements, but a study in 2021 showed that both "planets" were just effects of the star's rotation and activity.
The Fantastic Four: First Steps

***The Fantastic Four: First Steps*** is a 2025 superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics superhero team Fantastic Four. It is the 37th movie of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) and the second to be set outside of the franchise's main timeline, after _Deadpool & Wolverine_ (2024). It is also the fourth movie to be released based on the Fantastic Four, after 2005's _Fantastic Four_ and its 2007 sequel and the 2015 reboot. Two of the team's members' variants have previously appeared in the MCU. Pedro Pascal, Vanessa Kirby, Joseph Quinn, and Ebon Moss-Bachrach star as the Fantastic Four, while Shalla-Bal / Silver Surfer, Galactus, and Victor von Doom / Doctor Doom will also appear, played by Julia Garner, Ralph Ineson, and Robert Downey Jr., respectively. The movie was released on July 25, 2025 as part of the MCU's Phase Six.

## Infobox (film)

- **image**: The Fantastic Four First Steps - Logo.png
- **director**: Matt Shakman
- **producer**: Kevin Feige
- **cinematography**: Jess Hall
- **music**: Michael Giacchino
- **studio**: Marvel Studios
- **distributor**: Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Batouri

**Batouri** is a city in the East Region in Cameroon. It is the second largest city in the province by population, after the provincial capital Bertoua. About 33,500 people live there. It is near the border with the Central African Republic. Batouri has a tropical savanna climate (_Aw_ in the Köppen climate classification).
Llandysilio

**Llandysilio** is a village in Powys, Wales.
Hellenic Football Federation

The **Hellenic Football Federation** (**HFF**) () is the governing body of football in Greece. It is in charge of the men's and the women's national teams. The association was founded in 1926. It became a member of FIFA in 1927 and UEFA in 1954.
Mae Stephens

**Anna Mae Kelly** (born 24 March 2003), known as **Mae Stephens**, is an English pop singer. She was at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart in 2023 with her song "If We Ever Broke Up". It got popularity after being teased on Mae Stephens' TikTok account.

Mae Stephens is from Kettering, Northamptonshire.  Freddie Mercury and Sigrid are  her musical influencers.

## Career

As Anna Mae Kelly, she self-released two songs called "I Want You to Be Here" and "Devil Eyes" in March and April 2020 respectively. These were followed by two more self-released songs as her other name, Mae Stephens. They are "Infamous Kiss" (September 2020) and "White Lies" (March 2021). In 2021, Stephens was interviewed by the BBC about performing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In December 2022, Stephens let out small pieces of her song "If We Ever Broke Up" to TikTok. The clips went viral during January 2023.  A little bit after, Stephens was signed to EMI.  "If We Ever Broke Up" was let out as a full single in February 2023.

## Related pages

- EMI
- Pseudonym
- UK Singles Chart

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Mae Stephens
- **birth name**: Anna Mae Kelly
- **birth place**: Kettering, Northamptonshire, England
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 2020–present
- **label**: EMI Records, EMI
Tajikistan Football Federation

The **Tajikistan Football Federation** (; **TFF**) is the governing body of football in Tajikistan. It is in charge of the men's and the women's national teams. The association was founded in 1936. It became a member of FIFA and AFC in 1994.
Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran

The **Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran** (; **FFIRI**) is the governing body of football in Iran. It is in charge of the men's and the women's national teams. The association was founded in 1920. It became a member of FIFA in 1948 and AFC in 1958.
Pammee

Pammee 페미 is a fennec fox and she is a character in YooHoo and friends 유후와 친구들 and she is a best friend of YooHoo the bush baby, and voiced by: Yoo Ji-won species: Fennec fox Eye color: pink Hair color: white and pink Home: arabia-Yootopia Friends: YooHoo-Lemmee-Chewoo-Roodee Enemies: Big boss-Oops and Koops
Henry Kronfle

**Henry Fabián Kronfle Kozhaya** (born 1972) is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. He has been the President of the National Assembly since November 2023. He has been a member of the National Assembly since 2017. He is running for President of Ecuador in the 2025 general election.

In August 2024, Kronfle registered to run for president in the 2025 general election under the Christian Social Party ticket.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Henry Kronfle
- **image**: Henry Kronfle, (23-11-2023) 1.1.jpg
- **caption**: Kronfle on 2023
- **office1**: List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Ecuador, President of the National Assembly
- **term start1**: 18 November 2023
- **predecessor1**: Virgilio Saquicela
- **birth place**: Guayaquil, Ecuador
- **party**: Social Christian Party (Ecuador), Social Christian Party
Football Association of the Czech Republic

The **Football Association of the Czech Republic** (; **FAČR**) is the governing body of football in the Czech Republic. It is in charge of the men's and the women's national teams. The association was founded in 1901. It became a member of FIFA in 1907 and UEFA in 1954.

During the formation of Czechoslovakia, it was known as the **Czechoslovak Football Association** (; **ČSAF**) from 1923 to 1993 and was controlled the Czechoslovakia national football team.
Guadalupe Llori

**Esperanza Guadalupe Llori Abarca** (born 1962) is an Ecuadorian politician. She was prefect of Orellana Province from 2005 to 2008 and again from 2009 to 2018. She is a member of the Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement. She was the President of the National Assembly of Ecuador from May 2021 to May 2022.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Guadalupe Llori
- **image**: Guadalupe Llori, 5 de abril de 2022.jpg
- **office1**: List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Ecuador, President of the National Assembly
- **term start1**: 15 May 2021
- **term end1**: 31 May 2022
- **predecessor1**: César Litardo
- **successor1**: Virgilio Saquicela
- **office2**: Orellana Province, Provincial Prefect of Orellana
- **term start2**: 2009
- **term end2**: 2018
- **predecessor2**: Alberto Zambrano
- **term start3**: 2005
- **term end3**: 2008
- **predecessor3**: Colon Caicedo
- **successor3**: Alberto Zambrano
- **office4**: Puerto Francisco de Orellana, Mayor of Puerto Francisco de Orellana
- **term start4**: 2000
- **term end4**: 2004
- **predecessor4**: Eduardo Montaño Cortés
- **successor4**: Anita Rivas
- **birth date**: 1962
- **birth name**: Esperanza Guadalupe Llori Abarca
- **birth place**: Puerto Francisco de Orellana, Ecuador
- **occupation**: Politician
- **party**: Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement – New Country, Pachakutik
Virgilio Saquicela

**Javier Virgilio Saquicela Espinoza** (born 8 July 1972) is an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician who was the President of the National Assembly of Ecuador from 2022 to 2023. He was mayor of Azogues between 2014 and 2019. He was removed as President of the National Assembly after President Guillermo Lasso dissolved the National Assembly on 17 May 2023.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Virgilio Saquicela
- **image**: SESIÓN NO. 771 DEL PLENO DE LA ASAMBLEA NACIONAL. ECUADOR, 05 DE ABRIL DEL 2022 (51985006010).jpg
- **office1**: List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Ecuador, President of the National Assembly
- **term start1**: 31 May 2022
- **term end1**: 17 May 2023
- **predecessor1**: Guadalupe Llori
- **successor1**: Henry Kronfle
- **office2**: Mayor of Azogues
- **term start2**: 2014
- **term end2**: 2019
- **birth name**: Javier Virgilio Saquicela Espinoza
- **birth place**: Azogues, Ecuador
- **party**: :es:Democracia Sí, MDS (2021–present)
- **otherparty**: Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement – New Country, MUPP (2004–2014)
Creating Opportunities, CREO (2014–2019, 2021–present)
Llandrinio

**Llandrinio** is a village in Powys, Wales.
Andorran Football Federation

The **Andorran Football Federation** (; **FAF**) is the governing body of football in Andorra. It organizes the football league Primera Divisió, the Copa Constitució and Andorran Supercup and the Andorra national football team. The association was founded in 1994. It became a member of FIFA and UEFA in 1996.
Kadaň

**Kadaň** () is a town in Chomutov District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. About 18,000 people live there. It is on the Ohře river.

## Other websites

- Official town website
- Official tourism website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kadaň
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Kadaň 2016-10-16.jpg
- **image caption**: Panorama of the town with the Ohře River
- **image flag**: Flag of Kadaň.svg
- **image shield**: Coat of arms of Kadaň.svg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Ústí nad Labem Region, Ústí nad Labem
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name2**: Chomutov District, Chomutov
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Jan Losenický
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1183
- **area total km2**: 65.62
- **elevation m**: 300
- **population as of**: 2024-01-01
- **population total**: 18165
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 432 01
Ohře

The **Ohře** () is a river in Germany and the Czech Republic and is a left tributary of the Elbe. The Ohře is  long. The river starts in the Fichtel Mountains, near the Bavarian town of Weißenstadt. It flows through the towns of Cheb, Loket, Sokolov, Karlovy Vary, Klášterec nad Ohří, Kadaň, Žatec, Louny, Libochovice, Budyně nad Ohří and Terezín. It flows into the Elbe at Litoměřice.
Hyloxalus sylvaticus

The **forest rocket frog** (_Hyloxalus sylvaticus_) is a frog.  It lives in  Peru. Scientists think it could live in Ecuador too.

## Body

The adult male frog is 25.7  mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 30.0 long.  There are disks on its toes for climbing. There is extra skin on the toes of all four feet.  The skin of the frog's back is dark green-brown in color to light copper brown in color. There are dark brown and black marks on the back. There is light dark gray and brown on the toes with some light gray.  The top of the mouth is tan in color. The stripes on the sides of the body are light brown in color. The front of the neck, back of the belly, and bottoms of the back legs are dark yellow or orange in color. The chest and the rest of the belly are gray in color with black marks. The iris of the eye is bronze in color with black marks. The male frog's male organs are white in color.

The male frog's voice sounds like a trill.

## Home

This frog lives on the east side of the Andes Mountains and in a place called the Huancabamba Depression. This frog lives in cloud forests. During the day, it looks for food near streams. At night, people find it under rocks, in streams, and near streams. People have seen this frog between 1920 and 3250 meters above sea level.

## Young

Scientists think the female frog lays eggs on dead leaves on the ground. After the eggs hatch, the male adult frogs carry the tadpoles on their backs. They carry them to muddy parts of streams. Scientists saw frogs carrying tadpoles and tadpoles swimming in muddy water in February.

The tadpole is 13.0 mm long not counting the tail and 29.4 mm long counting the tail.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out because people cut down forests to make farms, for example potato farms and because the fungal disease chytridiomycosis kills the frog.

Because this frog lives at the tops of mountains, scientists think climate change could kill it. Climate change could make its home too dry.  Other frogs from lower on the mountains could climb up looking for cooler places to live. Then all the frogs would try to eat the same food.
Her Loss

***Her Loss*** is a collaborative studio album by Canadian rapper Drake and British-American rapper 21 Savage. _Her Loss_ was released on November 4, 2022.

On October 22, 2022, Drake would reveal both the name _Her Loss_ and release date for the album in the middle of the music video for the song "Jimmy Cooks". However, the album's release would have to be pushed back until November 4 because Drake's producer 40 had contracted COVID-19 while they were finishing the mixing and mastering of the album.

Drake and 21 would promote the album by doing a press run of fake events like performing a fake version of a Tiny Desk Concert, creating fake issues of _Vogue_ with both Drake and 21 on the cover, and having a deepfake interview on _The Howard Stern Show_, and a performance of the song "On BS" on a fake set of _Saturday Night Live_ switch help from actor Michael B. Jordan. The two would end up being sued by Condé Nast, a publisher for _Vogue_ for not using their property and trademarks with their permission. Both parties would end up settling the $4 million lawsuit for an unknown amount of money.

The album's cover art was made by Paris Aden and was proposed by Lil Yachty. It features a photography of stripper and model Quiana "Qui" Yasuka, known as Suki Baby.

The album debuted at #1 on the _Billboard_ 200, selling 404,000 album-equivalent units. It was both Drake's twelfth and 21 Savage's third number-one album in the United States. Every song on the album made it on to the _Billboard_ Hot 100 chart.

_Her Loss_ would be certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album would be nominated for Best Rap Album at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards. It would win Top Rap Album at the 2023 _Billboard_ Music Awards.

The album features the singles "Rich Flex" and "Circo Loco" which were both released on November 11, 2022 and "Spin Bout U" which was released on February 24, 2023.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Her Loss
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Drake (musician), Drake and 21 Savage
- **released**: November 4, 2022
- **studio**: * The Chapel <small>(Toronto)</small>
* Leading by Example <small>(Atlanta)</small>
- **genre**: Hip hop
- **length**: 60:33
- **label**: * OVO Sound, OVO
* Republic Records, Republic
- **producer**: * B100
* Banbwoi
* Boi-1da
* Cheeze Beatz
* Dez Wright
* Earl on the Beat
* Elijah Fox
* Working on Dying, F1lthy
* FortyOneSix
* Gentuar Memishi
* Go Grizzly
* Kid Masterpiece
* KrishnaMusic
* Kyson
* Lil Yachty
* Luke Crowder
* Mcevoy
* Metro Boomin
* Noel Cadastre
* Nyan Lieberthal
* Oz (record producer), Oz
* Rio Leyva
* SkipOnDaBeat
* Squat Beats
* Tay Keith
* Taz Taylor (record producer), Taz Taylor
* The Loud Pack
* Vinylz
* Wheezy
- **prev title**: What a Time to Be Alive
- **prev year**: 2015
- **next title**: More Life
- **next year**: 2017
Loglan

**Loglan** is a constructed language made to test the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis. Dr. James Cooke Brown made the language starting in 1955 with the goal of making it so different from natural languages that learners would think in differently if the hypothesis was true. Loglan was the first logical language, although the most famous one is Lojban. Lojban was inspired by Loglan.

Brown founded **The Loglan Institute** (TLI) to expand the language and other applications of it. Although he released many publications about its design, he continued to claim legal restrictions on its use. Because of this, a group of his followers later formed the Logical Language Group to create the language Lojban along the same principles, but with the intention to make it freely available and encourage its use as a real language. In addition, Lojban had a new vocabulary.

## Goals

Loglan (a shorter version of "logical language") was made to test if people speaking a "logical language" would in some way think more logically, as the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis might predict. The language's grammar is based on predicate logic. The grammar was intended to be simple enough to be teachable and manageable, yet complex enough to allow people to think and speak in the language.

Brown wanted Loglan to be as culturally neutral as possible and metaphysically parsimonious, which means that the language has few "categories" necessary to be used. In English an example of a necessary (or obligatory) category is the time-tense of verbs, as all verbs must have a tense.

Brown also wanted the language to be completely regular and unambiguous. Readers can only understand a sentence in one way. Additionally, the syllables of words were made so that a series of syllables can be separated into words in only one way, even if the word separation is not easily known from pauses in speech. It has few phonemes (sounds that make up syllables), so that speakers with "accents" can be understood more often. To make the vocabulary easier to learn, words were made to be partly the same with related words in the eight most widely spoken languages in the world in 1955.

## Alphabet

In the final version of 1989 the alphabet used to write Loglan was the same as the alphabet used to write English, with 26 letters. Each letter represented a phoneme.
ScratchJr

**ScratchJr** is a visual programming language designed to introduce programming skills to children aged 5 to 7 years old. The app is considered an introductory programming language. It is available for free to iOS, Android and Chromebook.

ScratchJr is a coding language modeled after Scratch, which is used by over 10 million people worldwide. Programming in Scratch requires basic reading skills, so the creators saw a need for another programming language which would provide a easier way to learn programming at a younger age and without any reading or math needed to understand it.

## Infobox (programming language)

- **logo**: File:ScratchJr Logo.png
- **screenshot**: File:ScratchJr Interface.png
- **developer**: MIT Media Lab
- **operating system**: Android (operating system), Android, iOS and ChromeOS
Free City of Cracow

The **Free City of Cracow** was a city state created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included the Polish city of Cracow and its surrounding land.

It was controlled by each its three neighbors (Russia, Prussia, and Austria). In 1846, in the aftermath of the failed , the Free City of Cracow was taken over by the Austrian Empire. It was a leftover of the Duchy of Warsaw, which was partitioned among the three states after the Congress in 1815.

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory
- **common name**: Cracow
- **image flag**: Flag of Kraków.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of the Free City of Cracow.svg
- **image map**: Free City of Kraków 1815.svg
- **capital**: Kraków, Cracow (Kraków)
- **religion**: Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholic, Judaism
- **government type**: Constitutional republic
- **legislature**: Assembly of Representatives (Kraków)
- **area km2**: 1188.8
- **status**: City-state
- **status text**: Protectorate of Austrian Empire, Austria, Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, and Russian Empire, Russia
- **year end**: 1846
- **year start**: 1815
- **coa size**: 95px
- **image map caption**: Location of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory within Europe
- **image map2 caption**: Territory of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory (orange) and its three neighbours (Kingdom of Prussia, Austrian Empire and Russian Empire)
- **title leader**: President of the Senate
- **year leader1**: 1815–1831
- **leader1**: Stanisław Wodzicki
- **event start**: Congress of Vienna, Established
- **date start**: 3 May
- **event1**: November Uprising
- **date event1**: 29 November 1830
- **event end**: Kraków Uprising
- **date end**: 16 November
- **p1**: Duchy of Warsaw
- **s1**: Grand Duchy of Kraków
- **s2**: Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
- **today**: Poland
Rangiora

**Rangiora** is the largest town in the Waimakariri District, New Zealand. It is located 29 kilometers north of Christchurch and 11 kilometers northwest of Kaiapoi. It has several primary schools and a high school in the town. In 1973 it recorded the hottest temperature of 42.4 degrees.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 11


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Rangiora
- **settlement type**: Urban areas of New Zealand, Secondary urban area
- **image skyline**: Rangiora Town Hall.jpg
- **image caption**: Rangiora's town hall in 2018.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: New Zealand
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of New Zealand, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Canterbury Region, Canterbury
- **subdivision type2**: Territorial authority
- **subdivision name2**: Waimakariri District
- **subdivision type3**: Ward
- **subdivision name3**: Rangiora-Ashley Ward
- **subdivision type4**: Community
- **subdivision name4**: Rangiora-Ashley Community
- **seat type**: Electorates
- **leader title**: Territorial Authority
- **leader name**: Waimakariri District Council
- **leader title1**: Regional council
- **leader name1**: Environment Canterbury
- **leader title2**: Mayor of Waimakariri
- **leader title3**: Waimakariri (New Zealand electorate), Waimakariri MP
- **leader title4**: Te Tai Tonga, Te Tai Tonga MP
- **area total km2**: 17.70
- **population density km2**: auto
- **postal code type**: Postcodes in New Zealand, Postcode(s)
- **postal code**: 7400
Fabio Alperowitch

**Fabio Alperowitch** is a Brazilian businessman, investor and is a co-founder of FAMA Investimentos, one of the leading independent asset management firms in Brazil, recognized for its focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria in investment strategies.

## Early Life and Education

Alperowitch was born in Brazil. He pursued higher education in Brazil and abroad, obtaining degrees and certifications that contributed to his expertise in the financial sector.

## Career

Alperowitch began his career in finance in the 1990s, a period marked by significant economic changes in Brazil. In 1993, he co-founded FAMA Investimentos with the aim of creating an asset management firm that not only focused on financial returns but also on the social and environmental impacts of investments. This approach was relatively novel at the time, especially in Brazil, where the concept of ESG was still emerging.

Under Alperowitch’s leadership, FAMA Investimentos became a pioneer in the field of socially responsible investment in Brazil. The firm developed a reputation for its rigorous analysis of companies, evaluating not just financial performance but also corporate governance, environmental practices, and social responsibility. This approach attracted a clientele interested in ethical investing and positioned FAMA as a leader in sustainable finance.
Kaduna Polytechnic

**Kaduna Polytechnic** is one of the oldest and largest polytechnic institutions in Nigeria, located in Kaduna State. It has played a significant role in the development of technical and vocational education in the country, providing a wide range of programs and producing a substantial number of skilled professionals.

## History

Kaduna Polytechnic was established in 1956 as the Kaduna Technical Institute, making it one of the earliest technical institutions in Nigeria. The primary aim of the institute was to address the growing demand for technical and vocational training in the country, particularly in the Northern Region. At its inception, the institute offered a limited number of courses, focusing mainly on engineering and technical disciplines.

In 1968, the institution was elevated to the status of a polytechnic, and its name was changed to Kaduna Polytechnic. This upgrade marked a significant expansion in the range of courses offered, as well as an increase in student enrollment. The polytechnic began offering diploma and higher national diploma (HND) programs in various fields, including engineering, science and technology, business studies, environmental studies, and arts and humanities.

Over the years, Kaduna Polytechnic grew rapidly, both in terms of infrastructure and academic programs. The institution became known for its commitment to providing practical, hands-on training, preparing students for careers in industry, business, and public service. By the 1970s, it had established itself as a leading center for technical education in Nigeria.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Kaduna Polytechnic
- **image**: Kaduna State Polytechnic 01.jpg
- **type**: Public university, Public
- **rector**: Dr. Suleiman Umar
- **students**: 15,000 (2011)
- **city**: Kaduna South LGA
- **state**: Kaduna State
- **country**: Nigeria
- **campus**: Urban area, Urban
Centre d'Estudis Colombins

The **Centre d'Estudis Colombins** (CEC) is an association dedicated to the study of the historical links between Christopher Columbus and the discovery of America and the Catalan world, particularly, in the possible Catalanity of Christopher Columbus. The Center was born in 1989 following a cycle of conferences organized by Òmnium Cultural in Barcelona.

The association is a functional delegation of Òmnium Cultural with its own legal character, which brings together experts, scholars and sympathizers, each with a defined function, interested in research, study and promotion of the historical ties that exist, from any aspect of science, between the Catalan Countries, the Discoverer and other Discoveries, in principle, to the subsequent events of the conquest and colonization.

Pere Català i Roca, Joaquim Arenas i Sampera, Miquel Porter Moix, Francesc Albardaner, Nito Verdera, Miquel Manubens, and Charles J. Merrill, among others, are or have been part of the CEC.

Among the organization's activities are the preparation and edition of the Centre's Bulletin, the _Tertúlia Colombina_, a forum where local and foreign scholars present topics that are the result of their research or study, conferences, colloquiums and round tables at the request of associations and entities, and the publication and dissemination of works produced by members and the promotion of the publication of books that refer to Columbus and the Catalan world.

The most outstanding contributions in studies or collaborations of the entity are the following:

- Calligraphy After noting that the calligraphy of Columbus is not Italian or Castilian, the paleography professors Mossèn Gabriel Roura ( University of Girona ) and Montserrat Sanmartí ( University Rovira i Virgili ) confirm that the calligraphy is Catalan and similar to that of other contemporary Catalans of Columbus.
- Lexicometrics. Based on the frequencies of phonetic interferences in the Spanish writings of Columbus, Lluís de Yzaguirre i Maura, a professor at Pompeu Fabra University, identifies the mother tongue as Eastern Catalan of Old Catalonia and excludes the Genoese dialect and the 'Occitan of the segle xv.
- Genetic identification. The Center collaborates with José Antonio Lorente Acosta, professor of forensic medicine at the University of Granada, who analyzes the DNA of the remains of Christopher Columbus, his brother Diego and his son Hernando. A first conclusion is that the age of Diego Columbus does not correspond to that of Giaccomo Colombo. The comparison of Christopher's DNA with a large population sample of possible Columbus families of different origins is currently under study.

## Other websites

- El Centre d'Estudis Colombins demana a l'Ajuntament de Barcelona un carrer amb el nom de Luis Ulloa

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Centre d'Estudis Colombins
- **formation**: 1989
Storm Isha

Storm Isha was a powerful windstorm that affected Northwestern Europe in January 2024.
The storm was named by the United Kingdom’s Met Office on 19 January 2024.

In England and the Netherlands, yellow and orange wind warnings were issued.
In Ireland and Scotland red wind warnings were issued.
In Sweden, snowstorm warnings were issued.

In total there were 4 fatalities as result of the storm.
In Ireland 2 individuals died, a woman who collided with a tree, and a man who got caught in flooding.
In Scotland an elderly man died when his car hit a fallen tree, and in Northern Ireland another man died when his car collided with a fallen tree.

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, thousands of power outages were reported due to the storm.

## Highest wind gust per country

|Country|Gust|Location|
| --- | --- | --- |
|||RRH Brizlee Wood, Northumberland|
|||The Cairnwell, Aberdeenshire|
|||Capel Curig, Snowdonia|
|||IJmuiden|
|||Brocken|
|||Varde|

## Infobox (storm)

- **name**: Storm Isha
- **affected**: United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany & Scandinavia
- **fatalities**: 4
- **gusts**: , 21 January 2024, The Cairnwell
- **formed**: 19 January 2024
- **dissipated**: 23 January 2024
Wawasan 2020

**Wawasan 2020**, or **Vision 2020**, was introduced by Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in 1991. The goal was for Malaysia to become a fully industrialized and self-sufficient nation by 2020. This plan aimed for 7% annual economic growth from 1990 to 2020, increasing the GDP from RM115 billion in 1990 to RM920 billion by 2020. The Vision 2020 plan included three key phases: the National Development Policy (1991-2000), the National Vision Policy (2001-2010), and the New Economic Model (2011-2020) with the National Transformation Programme (NTP).
National Development Policy

The **National Development Policy** was a plan by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad to grow Malaysia’s economy and help everyone benefit. It began in 1991 and lasted 10 years before being replaced by the National Vision Policy in 2001.

## Related pages

- Wawasan 2020
MSC Malaysia

**MSC Malaysia**, formerly the **Multimedia Super Corridor**, is a special business zone in Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Selangor, and parts of Negeri Sembilan. Launched by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad on 12 February 1996, it aimed to help Malaysia become a modern, knowledge-based country by 2020.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: MSC Malaysia
- **native name**: _Koridor Raya Multimedia_
- **official name**: Multimedia Super Corridor
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Malaysia
- **settlement type**: Economic corridor
- **established title**: Created
- **subdivision type1**: States
- **subdivision name1**: Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan
Gerakan Tanah Air

**Gerakan Tanah Air** (GTA, _Homeland Movement_ or _Homeland Party_) is a group of Malay political parties started by former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in August 2022. Mahathir said GTA would compete in the next election against the ruling Barisan Nasional. The group applied for official registration on 6 September 2022, but did not win any seats in the 2022 General Election.

## Infobox (political party)

- **country**: Malaysia
- **name**: Homeland Movement
- **lang1**: Malay
- **name lang1**:

- **abbreviation**: GTA
- **slogan**: _Malaysia Unggul dan Bermaruah
 Malaysia, eminent and honourable_
- **foundation**: 4 August 2022
- **registered**: 1 September 2022
- **membership year**: 2022
- **membership**: Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA)
 Barisan Jemaah Islamiah Se-Malaysia (BERJASA)
 Parti Perikatan India Muslim Nasional (IMAN)
- **ideology**: Early Malay nationalism, Malay nationalism
Islam and democracy, Islamic democracy
Mahathirism
- **position**: Right-wing politics, Right-wing to Far-right politics, far-right
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
- **international**: -
- **colours**: -
- **anthem**: -
- **seats1 title**: Dewan Negara seats
- **seats2 title**: Parliamentary seats
- **seats3 title**: State legislative assemblies of Malaysia, State Legislative Assemblies
- **seats4 title**: Chief ministers in Malaysia, State Chief Ministers
- **website**: https://tanahairku.my
- **footnotes**: GTA
- **symbol**: Gerakan Tanah Air flag.px
- **founder**: Mahathir Mohamad
BET Jams

**BET Jams** is an American pay television channel airing hip-hop and urban contemporary music videos on a thrice-daily automated wheel schedule of eight hours outside of temporary "roadblock" closures during Paramount Global's awards events, with all of its programming currently denoted in hour blocks as _BET Jams – Music Videos_ within electronic program guide listings. The channel launched on May 1, 2002, as MTV Jams, and carried that name until October 5, 2015, and was placed under BET's purview as MTV drifted away from music programming along with _106 & Park_. _MTV Jams Hits_, a compliation album based on the channel, was released in June 2002 by Columbia and Epic. The network space itself launched on August 1, 1998, as MTVX, carrying modern rock videos, and was re-focused around hip-hop music on that date, to some controversy from MTVX's former viewers.
Alan Gratz

**Alan Michael Gratz** (born January 27, 1972) is the author of 19 novels for young adults. They include _Prisoner B-3087_, _Code of Honor_, _Grenade_, _Something Rotten_, _Ground Zero_ and _Refugee_.

## Life

Alan Gratz was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. He has a B.A. in creative writing and a master's degree in English education, both from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He worked for the school's newspaper, the _Daily Beacon_.

Gratz now lives in Portland, Oregon with his wife and children.

## Created works

- _Samurai Shortstop_ (Dial Books, 2006)
- _Something Rotten_ (Dial, 2007)
- _Fantasy Baseball_ (Dial, 2011)
- _Starfleet Academy: The Assassination Game_ (Simon Spotlight, 2012)
- _Prisoner B-3087_ (Scholastic, 2013)
- _The League of Seven_ (Tor Forge, 2014)
- _The Dragon Lantern: A League of Seven Novel_ (Tor Forge, 2015)
- _Code of Honor_ (2015)
- _The Monster War: A League of Seven Novel_ (Tor Forge, 2016)
- _Projekt 1065_ (Scholastic, 2016)
- _Ban This Book_ (Tor Forge, 2017)
- _Refugee_ (Scholastic, 2017)
- _Grenade_ (Scholastic, 2018)
- _Allies_ (Scholastic, 2019)
- _Resist_ (Scholastic, 2020)
- _Ground Zero_ (Scholastic, 2021)
- _Two Degrees_ (Scholastic, 2022)
- _Captain America: The Ghost Army_ (Scholastic, 2023)
- _Heroes_ (Scholastic, 2024)

## Made plays

- _The Legend of Sleepy Hollow_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 2004), made from the 1820 short story by Washington Irving
- _Measured in Labor: The Coal Creek Project_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 2004)
- _Young Nickory_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 1999)
- _The Gift of the Magi_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 1999),  made from the 1905 short story by O. Henry
- _Indian Myths and Legends_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 1998)
- _Sweet Sixteen_ (Knoxville Actors Co-op, 1998)

## Grants and awards

- Finalist, 2002 Marguerite de Angeli Contest (now known as the Delacorte Dell Yearling Contest for a First Middle-Grade Novel)
- Co-winner, 2003 Kimberly Colen Memorial Grant from SCBWI
- Winner of the 2017 National Jewish Book Award in the Young Adult Literature category for his book _Refugee_
- Winner of the 2018 Global Read Aloud in the Middle School/Junior High Choice category of his book Refugee
- Winner of the 2019–2020 Young Hoosier Book Award (Middle Grades) for _Refugee_
- 2020 Buxtehude Bull

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Alan Gratz
- **image**: Alan Gratz 5204316.jpg
- **birth place**: Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **occupation**: Author
- **education**: University of Tennessee (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
- **genre**: Young Adult Fiction, Historical Fiction
- **spouse**: Wendi Gratz
- **children**: Jo Gratz
Metal Magic

***Metal Magic*** is the debut studio album by American heavy metal band Pantera. It was released on June 10, 1983 by Metal Magic Records. The album is notable for its glam/heavy metal sound. It's influenced by Kiss, Van Halen and Judas Priest. This was before the band switched to their more well known groove metal sound. "Diamond" Darrell was 16 years old when the album released. Vince Abbott, his brother, was 19 years old.

## Reception

AllMusic writer Eduardo Rivadavia gave _Metal Magic_ a low score of 1.5 stars out of a possible 5. He described the album as "average hard rock." His favorite songs were "I'll Be Alright" and "Widowmaker". He said the album's "strongest asset" was Dimebag Darrell's guitar work.

## Track listing

All credits are from the original LP.

## Personnel

- Pantera
- Terry Glaze – vocals, guitars
- Darrell Abbott – guitars
- Rex Rocker – bass
- Vince Abbott – drums

- Production
- Jerry Abbott – production, engineering, mixing
- M.C. Rather – mastering
- Recorded at Pantego Sound, Pantego, Texas

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Metal Magic
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Pantera
- **released**: June 10, 1983
- **studio**: Pantego Sound, Pantego, Texas
- **length**: 39:37
- **label**: Metal Magic
- **next title**: Projects in the Jungle
- **next year**: 1984
Rita Simons

**Rita Joanne Simons** (born 10 March 1977) is an English actress and singer. She is best known for portraying the role of Roxy Mitchell in the BBC soap opera _EastEnders_ from 2007 to 2017, when her character was killed off, alongside her on screen character's sister Ronnie Mitchell (Samantha Womack). For her performance on the show Simons received many accolades, including the 2008 National Television Award for Most Popular Newcomer.

## Early life

Simons was born on 10 March 1977 at Whipps Cross University Hospital in Whipps Cross, Leytonstone, London to Susan (__ Franks) and Mark Simons. Both of her parents are Jewish. She has an older brother, Ben. Through her paternal aunt's marriage, Simons is the niece of billionaire businessman Lord Sugar.

### Music career and early acting work

Before her acting career, Simons was in the group Girls@Play, who had a couple of hit singles before splitting up. Their songs included "Airhead" and a cover of Mel and Kim's "Respectable". Simons then joined a different group called Charli with three other members, including Shar from the Paradiso Girls, and released a single titled "Feel Me".

Simons made appearances in the Sky 1 dramas _Dream Team_ (2002) and _Mile High_ (2003; as Hannah), as well as the ITV drama _London's Burning_.

## Charity work

In December 2009, Simons visited her old secondary school, Watford Grammar School for Girls, to open the Christmas fair.

## Personal life

In August 2004, she married hairdresser Theo Silveston. They have twin daughters. The couple separated in 2018.

Simons is best friends with co-star Samantha Womack, who played her on-screen sister Ronnie Mitchell. She is also good friends with Danniella Westbrook, who played her on-screen cousin Sam Mitchell.

## Other websites

- _Inside Soap_ Awards 2008

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rita Simons
- **image**: Rita Simons 2016.jpg
- **caption**: Simons in 2016
- **birth name**: Rita Joanne Simons
- **birth place**: Whipps Cross, London, England
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 2000–present
- **other names**: Rita Silveston
- **television**: _Mile High_
_Dream Team (TV series), Dream Team_
_London's Burning (TV series), London's Burning_
_EastEnders_
 _I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (UK series 18), I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!_
_Hollyoaks_
- **children**: 2
- **relatives**: Alan Sugar (uncle)
- **known for**: Roxy Mitchell on _EastEnders_ (2007–2017, 2019, 2023)
El Chaco, Ecuador

**El Chaco** is a town in the Napo Province, Ecuador. It is the seat of the El Chaco Canton.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: El Chaco
- **image skyline**: Ciudad el chaco.jpg
- **image flag**: Bandera de El Chaco.png
- **pushpin map**: Ecuador
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Ecuador
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision name1**: Napo Province
- **subdivision type2**: Canton
- **subdivision name2**: El Chaco Canton
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Julio Perez Duque
- **area total km2**: 2.29
- **population as of**: 2022 census
- **population total**: 4353
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Ecuador Time, ECT
- **blank name**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info**: Tropical rainforest climate, Af
- **website**: [http://www.municipioelchaco.gov.ec municipioelchaco.gov.]
Loket

**Loket** () is a town in Sokolov District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. About 3,100 people live there. The town is known for the Loket Castle, a 12th-century Gothic castle.

## Twin towns

Loket is twinned with:
- Illertissen, Germany

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Loket
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Loket město s hradem (3).jpg
- **image caption**: A view of Loket
- **image flag**: Loket prapor.gif
- **image shield**: Loket_Sokolov_znak.png
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Karlovy Vary Region, Karlovy Vary
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name2**: Sokolov District, Sokolov
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Zdeněk Bednář
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1234
- **area total km2**: 26.73
- **elevation m**: 427
- **population as of**: 2024-01-01
- **population total**: 3071
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 357 33
Klášterec nad Ohří

**Klášterec nad Ohří** () is a town in Chomutov District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. About 14,000 people live there. The Ohře River flows through the town.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Klášterec nad Ohří
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Klášterec nad Ohří, pohled z radnice 02.jpg
- **image caption**: Klášterec nad Ohří
- **image flag**: Kno prapor.gif
- **image shield**: Coat of arms of Klášterec nad Ohří.gif
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Ústí nad Labem Region, Ústí nad Labem
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name2**: Chomutov District, Chomutov
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Štefan Drozd
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1352
- **area total km2**: 53.79
- **elevation m**: 320
- **population as of**: 2024-01-01
- **population total**: 14175
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 431 51
Libochovice

**Libochovice** () is a town in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. About 3,400 people live there. The Ohře River flows through the town.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Libochovice
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Libochovice-Schloss-3.jpg
- **image caption**: Libochovice Castle
- **image flag**: Libochovice vlajka.jpg
- **image shield**: Libochovice znak.png
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Ústí nad Labem Region, Ústí nad Labem
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name2**: Litoměřice District, Litoměřice
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Miroslav Zůna
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1336
- **area total km2**: 15.64
- **elevation m**: 166
- **population as of**: 2024-01-01
- **population total**: 3428
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 411 17
Budyně nad Ohří

**Budyně nad Ohří** () is a town in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. About 2,200 people live there. The Ohře River flows through the town.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Budyně nad Ohří
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Budyně nad Ohří 2018-05-08 Hradní jádro.jpg
- **image caption**: Budyně Castle
- **image flag**: Flag of Budyne nad Ohri.svg
- **image shield**: Budyně n H znak.png
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Ústí nad Labem Region, Ústí nad Labem
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name2**: Litoměřice District, Litoměřice
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Petr Medáček
- **leader party**: SNK ED
- **established title**: First mentioned
- **established date**: 1173
- **area total km2**: 33.57
- **elevation m**: 431
- **population as of**: 2024-01-01
- **population total**: 2174
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 411 18