juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tammy Wynette

**Virginia Wynette Pugh** (usually known as **Tammy Wynette**, May 5, 1942 – April 6, 1998), was an American country music singer. She was born in Mississippi.

The best-known of her songs is "Stand by Your Man". She had 17 number-one hits during her career.

She died of pulmonary thrombosis.

## Personal life

Wynette was married 5 times. Her third husband was George Jones, also a singer of country music.

## Discography

- Singles
- "Stand by Your Man" (1968)

- Studio albums

- _Your Good Girl's Gonna Go Bad_ (1967)
- _ My Elusive Dreams_  (1967)
- _Take Me to Your World / I Don't Wanna Play House_ (1968)
- _D-I-V-O-R-C-E_ (1968)
- _Stand by Your Man_ (1969)
- _Inspiration_ (1969)
- _The Ways to Love a Man_ (1970)
- _Tammy's Touch_ (1970)
- _The First Lady_ (1970)
- _Christmas with Tammy_ (1970)
- _We Sure Can Love Each Other_ (1971)
- _We Go Together_  (1971)
- _Bedtime Story_ (1972)
- _Me and the First Lady_  (1972)
- _My Man_ (1972)
- _We Love to Sing About Jesus_  (1972)
- _Let's Build a World Together_  (1973)
- _We're Gonna Hold On_  (1973)
- _Another Lonely Song_ (1974)
- _Woman to Woman_ (1974)
- _George & Tammy & Tina_  (1975)
- _I Still Believe in Fairy Tales_ (1975)
- _'Til I Can Make It on My Own_ (1976)
- _Golden Ring_  (1976)
- _You and Me_ (1976)
- _Let's Get Together_ (1977)
- _One of a Kind_ (1977)
- _Womanhood_ (1978)
- _Just Tammy_ (1979)
- _Only Lonely Sometimes_ (1980)
- _Together Again_  (1980)
- _You Brought Me Back_ (1981)
- _Soft Touch_ (1982)
- _Good Love & Heartbreak_ (1982)
- _Even the Strong Get Lonely_ (1983)
- _Sometimes When We Touch_ (1985)
- _Higher Ground_ (1987)
- _Next to You_ (1989)
- _Heart Over Mind_ (1990)
- _Honky Tonk Angels_  (1993)
- _Without Walls_ (1994)
- _One_  (1995)

## Related pages

- List of country musicians from Mississippi

## Other websites

- Tammy Wynette official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Tammy Wynette
- **img**: Tammy Wynette.JPG
- **img capt**: Tammy Wynette in 1975
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Virginia Wynette Pugh
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- **origin**: Itawamba County, Mississippi, United States
- **instrument**: Vocals, Guitar
- **genre**: Country music, Country
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter
- **years active**: 1966 – 1998
- **label**: Epic Records, Epic <small>(1966 – 1998)</small>
MCA Records, MCA <small>(1995)</small>
- **url**: [http://www.tammywynette.com/ Tammy Wynette Official Site]
Tricity

***Triciti*** (Polish Trójmiasto) is the unofficial name of an urban area with 3 cities: Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot in Pomeranian Voivodeship. Tricity is a big centre for tourism.
Kaliningrad Oblast

**Kaliningrad Oblast** (, _Kaliningradskaya oblast_) is an exclave of Russia bordered by Poland, Lithuania and Baltic Sea. The capital of Kaliningrad Oblast is Kaliningrad, formerly Königsberg.

It is quite unusual, first because it is not attached to Russia. It is an exclave on the Baltic coast, with no land connection to the rest of Russia. It has a population of 941,873 (2010 Census). It has a continental climate (_Dfb_ in the Koeppen climate classification).

Its territory was part of historical East Prussia (German: Nord-Ostpreussen), which was an exclave of Germany from 1919 until 1945. That year, it was occupied by the Soviet Union as a result of the World War II. The region was later annexed to the Soviet Union under border changes of the Potsdam Agreement, when it was attached to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). Most of its German population were fled west to West Germany during the last months of the war. The rest were expelled between 1944 and 1950. Russian settlers were moved in and the population is now mainly Russian. As of the 2010 census, only a small number of ethnic Germans remain; most of the several thousand who live in the oblast are recent immigrants from other parts of the former Soviet Union.

## Infobox (russian federal subject)

- **en name**: Kaliningrad Oblast
- **ru name**: Калининградская область
- **image map**: Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Kaliningrad Oblast.svg
- **image coa**: Coat of Arms of Kaliningrad Oblast.svg
- **coa caption**: Coat of arms of Kaliningrad Oblast, Coat of arms
- **image flag**: Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast.svg
- **flag caption**: Flag of Kaliningrad Oblast, Flag
- **anthem ref**: _none_
- holiday
- holiday_ref
- **political status**: Oblast
- **political status link**: Oblasts of Russia
- **federal district**: Northwestern Federal District, Northwestern
- **economic region**: Kaliningrad economic region, Kaliningrad
- **adm ctr type**: Administrative center
- **adm ctr name**: Kaliningrad
- **pop 2010census**: 941873
- **pop 2010census rank**: 56th
- **urban pop 2010census**: 77.6%
- **rural pop 2010census**: 22.4%
- pop_density
- pop_density_as_of
- pop_density_ref
- **pop latest**: 1002114
- **pop latest date**: January 2019
- **area km2**: 15100
- **area km2 rank**: 76th
- **established date**: April 7, 1946
- **license plates**: 39, 91
- **iso**: RU-KGD
- **gov as of**: October 2016
- **leader title**: Governor of Kaliningrad Oblast, Governor
- **leader name**: Anton Alikhanov
- **legislature**: Oblast Duma
- **website**: http://www.gov39.ru
- website_ref
- **date**: October 2016
Coat of arms of Poland

A official **Coat of Arms of Poland** is the White Eagle with golden crown in its head on red shield.

The White Eagle came from a legend about Lech.
Christianization

**Christianization** is when a country, nation or region changes their faith to Christianity. It can be started when a local ruler is baptized.
Adam Sandler

**Adam Richard Sandler** (born September 9, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, film producer, and screenwriter. He is best known for comedy movies, such as _Happy Gilmore_, _The Wedding Singer_, _Little Nicky_, _Spanglish_, _I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry_, _You Don't Mess with the Zohan_ and _Uncut Gems_. He also starred in a dramatic role for _Reign Over Me_.

Sandler was born in New York City, and grew up in New Hampshire. His family is Jewish, and descends from Russian Jewish immigrants on both sides.

## Other websites

- Adam Sandler at Biography.com

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Adam Sandler
- **image**: Adam Sandler at Berlinale 2024.jpg
- **caption**: Sandler in 2024
- **birth name**: Adam Richard Sandler
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York City, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Tisch School of the Arts
- **children**: 2
Anguis

**Anguis** is a member of legless lizards also known as **slowworms** or **blindworms**. belonging to the genus **Anguidae**. Even though they are lizards, slow worms have lost their legs and are usually mistaken for snakes.

## Classification

Subfamily Anguinae
- Genus _Anguis_
    - _Anguis cephalonnicus_ - Peloponnese Slow Worm
    - _Anguis fragilis_
Anguis fragilis

***Anguis fragilis*** (the **slow-worm**, or **blindworm**) is a lizard which is limbless (meaning it has no legs or arms). It has a wide distribution in Europe and Asia, and is one of the few reptiles native to Britain.

When a slow-worm is in danger it can shed (break off) its tail and escape. It can then grow back a new, shorter tail, which it cannot shed.

The female often has a stripe along the back and the male may have blue spots.

Instead of laying eggs, the females give birth to live young (viviparous birth). In the days leading up to birth the female can often be seen basking in the sun on a warm road.

Slow-worms are often called snakes, but they are not. Slow-worms can blink, but snakes cannot.  They shed their skin in patches like other lizards, rather than the whole skin as most snakes do.

Adult slow-worms grow to be about 50 centimetres long. They are known for their very long life. One was said to have been fifty four years old.

There are not as many slow-worms as there used to be. Many places where they used to live have been built on. In gardens they can be killed by cats.
Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio

***Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio*** is a broadcast presentation of Major League Baseball on ESPN Radio.  The games include the Opening Day game, the Sunday Night Baseball games, Saturday afternoon games, holiday games (like Memorial Day games) and September pennant race games. The All-Star Game and all of the playoffs can also be heard on ESPN Radio including the Division Series, League Championship Series and the World Series.

In addition to affiliate stations on AM/FM radio, ESPN Radio's game broadcasts are also on XM Satellite Radio.  They are not included in the subscription "Gameday Audio" package on MLB.com, however.

## History

On September 27, 1997, ESPN outbid CBS Radio to become the exclusive national radio broadcaster of Major League Baseball. This was very surprising, considering that CBS Radio had been the national broadcaster since 1976.

The agreement lasted seven years through 2004 and gave ESPN Radio the rights to broadcast numerous games including opening Day, _Sunday Night Baseball_, Saturday _Game of the Week_, holiday games, September pennant race games, the All-Star Game and all of the playoffs, including the World Series.

Then on October 21, 2004, ESPN Radio extended its then seven year relationship with Major League Baseball with a five year, $55 million dollar contract extension through the 2010 season.

The agreement also added a weekly program devoted to baseball, which became _The Baseball Show_ from 3 p.m. ET to 7 p.m. ET on Sundays during the regular season. The program is hosted by John Seibel and Steve Phillips.

## Broadcasters

ESPN Radio's lead broadcasting crew consists of Gary Thorne and Dave Campbell.  Thorne succeeded Dan Shulman, who had called for the network since 2002; Shulman, in turn, had been preceded by Charley Steiner from 1998-2002. Campbell replaced Kevin Kennedy as analyst in 2000. The pregame host for all of the games since its debut has been Joe D'Ambrosio.

The broadcast team for the World Series and one League Championship Series is Jon Miller and Hall of Famer Joe Morgan. During all of the games there is also the _ESPN Radio SportsCenter_ every twenty minutes with live cut ins during the games.

## Infobox (radio show)

- **show name**: MLB on ESPN Radio
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **format**: Major League Baseball
- **runtime**: 3 hours (approximate)
- **starring**: Gary Thorne
Dave Campbell
Joe D'Ambrosio
- **country**: United States, USA
- **home station**: ESPN Radio (1998-)
- **first aired**: March 31, 1998 in baseball, 1998
- **last aired**: Present
Calixa Lavallée

**Calixa Lavallée**, (born Quebec, 28 December 1842; died Boston, 21 January 1891), was a Canadian-American composer.  For many years he was a travelling musician.  Later he worked hard to improve music education in Canada.  He is famous for composing the music for the Canadian national anthem "O Canada".

## Life

Lavallée was born into a French-Canadian family. Originally, his name was Calixte Paquet.  His father made musical instruments and played in a band.  He learned to play the piano, violin and cornet.  He went to the United States and played in a band during the American Civil War.  For many years he travelled, playing and teaching.  He became the music director and superintendent Grand Opera House which put on minstrel shows rather than proper operas.  When the theatre closed in 1872 he went back to Montreal.  His friends got enough money together to help him go to France to study at the Paris Conservatoire.  There he studied under famous teachers including Boieldieu.

When he went back to Canada he wanted to help to improve the state of music education there.  He small music school in Quebec but it was always difficult for him to get money from the authorities.  He composed the music to “O Canada” which soon became the Canadian national anthem.

Shortly after that he went to the United States again.  He became music director of the Roman Catholic cathedral in Boston and became very active with the Music Teachers’ National Association.  He died of tuberculosis in 1891. In 1933, his remains were taken back to Montreal where they were buried in the cemetery.

## His music

Besides the tune to _O Canada_, Lavallée wrote many works, including some comic operas: _Loulou_, _Tiq_ and _The King of Diamonds_.  Most of the music that was published consists of his lighter pieces, including a short piece for piano called _Papillon_ (_Butterfly_) which became extremely popular in North America as well as Europe.

## References

- The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie, 1980;
Sepsis

**Sepsis** is a very dangerous disease that occurs when an infection gets into a person's blood. People often use the word _sepsis_ to describe septicemia (blood poisoning), but septicemia is only one type of sepsis.

Sepsis is a severe, life-threatening reaction to a viral, bacterial, fungal, or other infection. If bacteria infects the blood, the infection is called _bacteremia_ (which can worsen into septicemia). A viral infection in the blood is called _viremia_, and a fungal infection that gets into the blood is called _fungemia_.

Most people who get infections do not develop sepsis. Normally a person's immune system can fight germs and overcome infections. But in sepsis something goes wrong. At some point, the pathogen gets into the person's blood or body tissues, and spreads the infection there.

Sepsis is a medical emergency which can cause death and requires immediate treatment.

## Symptoms

People with sepsis often get fevers and inflammations all over their bodies. These symptoms probably happen because the immune system is trying to fight the disease. The immune system reacts so strongly that it can damage a person's organs.

## Cause of death

In the United States, sepsis is the leading cause of death for ICU patients which do not have heart problems. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows it is the tenth most common cause of death overall.

Several types of people develop and die from sepsis more often than the average person:

- Older people
- People who are _immunocompromised_ (their immune system is weak - for example, because of chemotherapy)
- People with severe illnesses

About 1% to 2% of people who are hospitalized develop sepsis. However, people with sepsis take up almost 25% of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. It is a major cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, with mortality rates that range from:

- 20% for sepsis
- 40% for severe sepsis
- Over 60% for septic shock

## More severe forms

Sepsis can be severe or even cause septic shock. With severe sepsis, one or more organs fail to work. In septic shock, a person has sepsis _and_ a very low blood pressure.

## Treatment

Today, the bacterial forms of sepsis can be treated with antibiotics. Transfusions of un-infected blood may help. A person whose organs failed might need organ transplants.

It is extremely important for sepsis treatment to begin as quickly as possible. If it is not treated, the chances of death increase by 5% to 10% every hour.

About half of people who get sepsis, but do not get treatment, die from the condition. In most cases, quick treatment increases a person's chance of survival.

## Related pages

- Infection
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Fungus
- Septic shock

## Other websites

- Society of Critical Care Medicine  Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock (and other guidelines)
Caroline Spelman

**Dame Caroline Alice Spelman** <small>DBE MP</small> (née Cormack, born 4 May 1958) is an English politician. She was born in Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire. She is the Meriden constituency in England. She was first elected in the 1997 general election.

In May 2010 she became Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs in David Cameron's coalition cabinet, and was sworn as a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010. She served in this role until September 2012, when she was dismissed in a cabinet reshuffle. In 2015, she became Second Church Estates Commissioner.

She is a member of the Conservative Party.
Philip Hammond

**Philip Hammond, Baron Hammond of Runnymede**  (born 4 December 1955) is an English politician. He was born in Epping, Essex. He became Chancellor of the Exchequer in 2016. He became Secretary of State for Transport on 12 May 2010, and a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010. He was the first Member of Parliament for the Runnymede and Weybridge constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1997 general election. In 2017, he announced the Midlands Engine Strategy.

He was a member of the Conservative Party until 2019. He was suspended from the party after voting against the government in a bill to remove the possibility of a no-deal Brexit.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Lord Hammond of Runnymede
- **image**: Official portrait of Mr Philip Hammond crop 2.jpg
- **office**: Chancellor of the Exchequer
- **primeminister**: Theresa May
- **term start**: 13 July 2016
- **term end**: 24 July 2019
- **predecessor**: George Osborne
- **successor**: Sajid Javid
- **office1**: Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
- **primeminister1**: David Cameron
- **term start1**: 15 July 2014
- **term end1**: 13 July 2016
- **predecessor1**: William Hague
- **successor1**: Boris Johnson
- **office2**: Secretary of State for Defence
- **primeminister2**: David Cameron
- **term start2**: 14 October 2011
- **term end2**: 15 July 2014
- **predecessor2**: Liam Fox
- **successor2**: Michael Fallon
- **office3**: Secretary of State for Transport
- **primeminister3**: David Cameron
- **term start3**: 11 May 2010
- **term end3**: 14 October 2011
- **predecessor3**: Andrew Adonis, Baron Adonis, The Lord Adonis
- **successor3**: Justine Greening
- **office4**: Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury
- **leader4**: David Cameron
- **term start4**: 2 July 2007
- **term end4**: 11 May 2010
- **predecessor4**: Theresa Villiers
- **successor4**: Liam Byrne
- **leader5**: Michael Howard
- **term start5**: 10 May 2005
- **term end5**: 6 December 2005
- **predecessor5**: George Osborne
- **successor5**: Theresa Villiers
- **office6**: Shadow Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
- **leader6**: David Cameron
- **term start6**: 6 December 2005
- **term end6**: 2 July 2007
- **predecessor6**: Malcolm Rifkind
- **successor6**: Chris Grayling
- **office7**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
for Runnymede and Weybridge (UK Parliament constituency), Runnymede and Weybridge
- **term start7**: 1 May 1997
- **term end7**: 6 November 2019
- **predecessor7**: Constituency established
- **successor7**: Ben Spencer
- **majority7**: 22,134 (44.2%)
- **birth name**: Philip Anthony Hammond
- **birth place**: Epping, Essex, Epping, Essex, UK
- **nationality**: British
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **spouse**: Susan Williams-Walker
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: University College, Oxford
David Mundell

**David Gordon Mundell** (born May 27, 1962) is a British politician and is the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland. He is the Conservative Party Member of Parliament for the Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and Tweeddale constituency in the United Kingdom. Currently, he is the only Conservative Party MP who represents a Scottish constituency. In July 2016, Mundell became the Secretary of State for Scotland.

David Mundell was born in Dumfries, Scotland and was educated at the University of Edinburgh. In 1999 and 2003, he was elected as a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the South of Scotland region however resigned as an MSP following the 2005 General Election when he was elected as an MP. From December 2005 to the 2010 General Election, he was the Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland. After the 2010 election, a Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition was formed and because the Liberal Democrats have more Scottish MP's than the Conservatives, a Liberal Democrat was given the post of Scottish secretary.

On 13 January 2016, Mundell came out as gay on his personal website.

He was previously married to Lynda Carmichael but the couple have divorced. He has three children, one of whom, Oliver Mundell, is a Conservative candidate for the Scottish Parliament in May 2016.
Cheryl Gillan

**Dame Cheryl Elise Kendall Gillan** <small>DBE MP</small> (21 April 1952 – 4 April 2021) was a British politician.  She was the Secretary of State for Wales from 2010 to 2012. She was a Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the Chesham and Amersham constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1992 to 2021. Gillan was born in Cardiff, Wales.

She was first elected in the 1992 general election and became the Shadow Secretary of State for Wales in 2005. When the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition was formed on 11 May 2010, she became the Secretary of State for Wales. She was dismissed from this post in a cabinet reshuffle in 2012.

She was the Chair of the 1922 committee from May until September 2019. This is the powerful committee of backbench Conservative MPs in the House of Commons.

Gillan was diagnosed with breast cancer in June 2020. She died on 4 April 2021 in Epsom, England from the disease at the age of 68.
Owen Paterson

**Owen William Paterson** (born June 24, 1956 in Shropshire, England) is a British politician who was the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. He was a Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of North Shropshire in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

He was first elected in the 1997 general election and first entered the shadow cabinet in 2007.

## Other websites

- Owen Paterson MP  _official constituency website_
- Profile  at the Conservative Party
- Guide to new Cabinet members: Owen Paterson, _BBC News_, 13 May 2010
- _Debrett's People of Today_

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: Owen Paterson
- **image**: Official portrait of Rt Hon Owen Paterson MP crop 2.jpg
- **office**: Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
- **primeminister**: David Cameron
- **term start**: 4 September 2012
- **term end**: 14 July 2014
- **predecessor**: Caroline Spelman
- **successor**: Liz Truss
- **office1**: Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
- **primeminister1**: David Cameron
- **term start1**: 12 May 2010
- **term end1**: 4 September 2012
- **predecessor1**: Shaun Woodward
- **successor1**: Theresa Villiers
- **office2**: Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
- **term start2**: 2 July 2007
- **term end2**: 11 May 2010
- **leader2**: David Cameron
- **predecessor2**: David Lidington
- **successor2**: Shaun Woodward
- **office5**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
for North Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency), North Shropshire
- **term start5**: 1 May 1997
- **term end5**: 5 November 2021
- **predecessor5**: John Biffen
- **successor5**: Helen Morgan
- **majority5**: 22,949 (40.6%)
- **birth name**: Owen William Paterson
- **birth place**: Whitchurch, Shropshire, England
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Radley College
- **alma mater**: Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
- **caption**: Paterson in 2020
Alan Duncan

**Alan James Carter Duncan** (born 31 March 1957) is an English politician and a former Minister of State in the Department for International Development. He was born in Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire.

He is the Member of Parliament for the Rutland and Melton constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1992 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.

He is openly gay and in a civil partnership with James Dunseath.
Francis Maude

**Francis Anthony Aylmer Maude** (born 4 July 1953) is an English politician who served as Minister for the Cabinet Office and Paymaster General from 2010 to 2015. Maude was Member of Parliament (MP) for North Warwickshire from 1983 to 1992 and then for Horsham from 1997 to 2015. He was first elected in the 1983 general election for the North Warwickshire constituency but lost in 1992. He returned to parliament in the 1997 general election.

Maude was born in Abingdon-on-Thames, Berkshire. He is a member of the Conservative Party.
Eric Pickles

**Eric Jack Pickles** (born 20 April 1952 in Keighley, West Riding of Yorkshire, England) is a British politician and was Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government. He is the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Brentwood and Ongar in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

He was first elected in the 1992 general election and entered the Shadow Cabinet in 2007. He was the Chairman of the Conservative Party from January 2009 to May 2010, when he was replaced by Sayeeda Warsi, Baroness Warsi and was appointed the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government instead. Pickles is standing down at the 2017 general election.
Peter Ainsworth

**Peter Michael Ainsworth** (16 November 1956 – 6 April 2021) was an English politician and was Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. He was the Member of Parliament for the East Surrey constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1992 general election, but decided not to stand for reelection in 2010.

He was a member of the Conservative Party.

Ainsworth died on 6 April 2021 at the age of 64.
Chris Grayling

**Christopher Stephen Grayling** (born 1 April 1962) is an English politician and former Secretary of State for Transportation. He is the Member of Parliament for the Epsom and Ewell constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 2001 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.

## Privy Council

He was appointed as a Privy Counsellor on 9 June 2010.
Nick Herbert

**Nicholas Le Quesne Herbert** (born 7 April 1963) is an English politician and the Member of Parliament for the Arundel and South Downs constituency.  He was the current Shadow Justice Secretary, and is currently Minister of State for Police/Justice, with his time split between the Home Office and the Ministry of Justice. He is . He was first elected in the 2005 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.
Theresa Villiers

**Theresa Anne Villiers** (born 5 March 1968) is an English politician. In July 2019, she became Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs for the Boris Johnson ministry. She stopped doing this job in 2020. She was first elected in the 2005 general election. She is the Member of Parliament (MP) for Chipping Barnet and the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland . Villiers was the Minister of State for Transport from 2010 to 2012.

She was appointed as a Privy Counsellor on 9 June 2010.

She is a member of the Conservative Party.
Andrew Lansley

**Andrew David Lansley** (born 11 December 1956 in Hornchurch, Essex, England) is a British politician who was the Secretary of State for Health in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government from 2010 - 2012. He was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the South Cambridgeshire constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. He was first elected as an MP in the 1997 general election. He stepped down at the 2015 general election.

He was made a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010.
David Willetts

**David Linsay Willetts** (born 9 March 1956) is an English politician. He was born in Birmingham. He is the current Minister of State for Universities and Science in the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. He is the Member of Parliament for the Havant constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1992 general election.

He is a member of the Conservative Party.
Missionary

A **missionary** is a person who tries to convert people to his own faith. In Christianity, this is called Christian mission or evangelism. Missionaries are usually sent from churches or worship places of the religion. They can also do other things, such as deliver medicines and cure diseases. Most major religions of the world have _missionaries_.

Some famous Christian missionaries are:

- St. Paul
- Thomas the Apostle
- Saint Patrick
- Saints Cyril and Methodius
- Francis Xavier
- Johnny Appleseed
- George Muller
- John Wesley
- Charles Wesley, brother of John
- George Whitefield
- David Livingstone
- Hudson Taylor
- Florence Nightingale
- Sadhu Sundar Singh
- Albert Schweitzer
- Gladys Aylward
- Eric Liddell
- E. Stanley Jones
- Mother Teresa

## Related pages

- Evangelism
- Religious conversion

## Other websites

- Missionaries.org
Partnership

A **partnership** is when two or more people work together to complete a task. Those people are **partners**. Some partnerships are created by a legal contract. Partners may share a business together for the profit of each other. If one business partner ends up making money they both share the profit. Some partners are not individuals but corporations or other groups.
Ruth Graham

**Ruth Bell Graham** (June 10, 1920 – June 14, 2007) was the wife of evangelist Billy Graham. She was born at Qingjiang, Kiangsu, China as **Ruth McCue Bell**, the second of five children. Her parents, Dr. and Mrs. L. Nelson Bell, were medical missionaries at the Presbyterian Hospital 300 miles north of Shanghai.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- Official website on BillyGraham.org

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ruth Bell Graham
- **image**: Ruth Bell Graham - L0055 860Fo30141612210075 (cropped).jpg
- **birth name**: Ruth McCue Bell
- **birth place**: Huai'an, Qingjiang, Kiangsu, China
- **death place**: Montreat, North Carolina, United States of America, USA
- **occupation**: Philanthropist, Poet, Author, Painter
- **spouse**: Billy Graham (m. 1943–2007)
- **children**: Franklin Graham, Franklin, Nelson, Virginia, Anne Graham Lotz, Anne and Ruth
Magnús Eiríksson

**Magnús Eiríksson** (born 22 June 1806 in Skinnalón, Iceland; died 3 July 1881 in Copenhagen, Denmark) was an Icelandic theologian. He lived in Copenhagen at the same time as Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) and Hans Lassen Martensen (1808-1884) and viewed their opinions on religion and Christianity with a critical eye.

Magnús Eiríksson was a Lutheran who developed a Unitarian conviction.

## Works

Here are some works by Eiríksson, with the Danish title on the right:
- _On Baptists and Infant Baptism_ (_Om Baptister og Barnedaab_), Copenhagen 1844.
- _Faith, Superstition and Unbelief_ (_Tro, Overtro og Vantro_), Copenhagen 1846.
- _Dr. Martensen’s Printed Moral Paragraphs_ (_Dr. Martensens trykte moralske Paragrapher_), Copenhagen 1846.
- _Speculative Orthodoxy_ (_Speculativ Rettroenhed_), Copenhagen 1849.
- [Theophilus Nicolaus], _Is Faith a Paradox and ‘by Virtue of the Absurd’?_ (_Er Troen et Paradox og “i Kraft af det Absurde”?_ ), Copenhagen 1850.
- _About the Gospel of John_ (_Om Johannes-Evangeliet_), Copenhagen 1863.
- _Paul and Christ_ (_Paulus og Christus_), Copenhagen 1871.
- _Jews and Christians_ (_Jøder og Christne_), Copenhagen 1873.
Nusa Penida

**Nusa Penida** is an island to the southeast of Bali, Indonesia. The island is a subdistrict of the Klungkung regency. There are two small islands nearby: Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan. The Badung Strait separates the island from Bali while the Lombok Strait separates it from Lombok.
Diving is very popular around the island and there are many Macaques living on the island.
Sakoku

**Sakoku** (Japanese: 鎖国, literally "country in chains" or "lock up of country") was the foreign policy of Japan under which no foreigner or Japanese could enter or leave the country on penalty of death. The policy was enacted by the Tokugawa Shogunate under Tokugawa Iemitsu through a number of edicts and policies from 1633-1639 and remained in effect until 1854 with the arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry and the opening of Japan. It was still illegal to leave Japan until the Meiji Restoration (1868).

But Japan was not completely isolated under the _sakoku_ policy. Rather, it was a system in which strict regulations were applied to commerce and foreign relations by the shogunate.

## End of seclusion

On July 8, 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry of the U.S. Navy with four warships demanded that Japan open to trade with the West. The following year 1854, Perry returned with seven ships and forced the Shogun to sign the "Treaty of Peace and Amity", establishing formal diplomatic relations between Japan and the United States.

## References

- Hall, John Wesley. (1955) _Tanuma Okitsugu: Foreruner of Modern Japan._ Cambridge: Harvard University Press.....

## Other websites

- Numismatist in Commodore Perry's fleet (1853-54)
Borneo

**Borneo** is the third largest island in the world. It is in the center of maritime southeast Asia. Geologically and biologically it is related to Asia. This island is part of three different countries. Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei each have part of Borneo. Indonesia's region is called "Kalimantan" (although Indonesians use this word for the whole island). Malaysia's region of Borneo is called East Malaysia or Malaysian Borneo. The independent nation of Brunei is a small part of the island. Borneo has a rainforest that is in danger because it is valuable. Lumber companies cut trees here illegally.

## Geography

Borneo is surrounded by the South China Sea to the north and northwest, the Sulu Sea to the northeast, the Celebes Sea and the Makassar Strait to the east, and the Java Sea and Karimata Strait to the south. It has an area of 743,330 km² (287,000 square miles). Borneo is home to a few of the oldest rainforests in the world.

## Wildlife

Borneo is home to a vast array of wildlife, including the endangered orangutan, as well as other animals such as monkeys, elephants, snakes, parrots, clouded leopards, hornbills, tarsiers and deer.

## Population

The island will have a population of 24 million by 2040 if it grows at the current rate. However, relocation of the capital of Indonesia to Nusantara may boost its population growth rate even more. The population of Nusantara alone had grown from just around 153,000 in 2022 to 488,409 in 2024, recording a very high growth of +219.2% in just 2 years.
Baffin Island

**Baffin Island** () is an island in the territory of Nunavut near the Arctic Circle.  It is the largest member of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. It is the largest island in Canada and the fifth largest island in the world, with an area of 507,451 km² (195,928 sq mi). It has a population of around 13,000 people as of the year 2021. It is named after the British explorer William Baffin. The island was known to the Norse as Helluland.
Ken Spreitzer

**Kenneth J. Spreitzer** wrote the original PC program called "UnInstaller". It was first licensed to MicroHelp and now (Feb 1998) sold by CyberMedia.  After writing the program, Mr. Spreitzer went on to found Maximized Software.

Mr. Spreitzer is a graduate of the University of California, Irvine in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences. He was also the radio personality "Captain Sensible" as heard on KUCI.

## Other websites

- Maximized Software

pt:Instalação (computação)#Desinstalador

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kenneth J. Spreitzer
- **image**: Ken Spreitzer.jpg
- **imagesize**: 100px
- **caption**: Ken Spreitzer circa 2000
- **occupation**: Programmer
- **website**: http://www.maximized.com
Brandy & Mr. Whiskers

***Brandy & Mr. Whiskers*** is an American animated television series from Disney Channel. It is about a female dog named Brandy and a rabbit named Mr. Whiskers. They both get stuck in the Amazon Rainforest together and have to work together to survive.

## Characters

- Brandy Harrington – Kaley Cuoco
- Mr. Whiskers – Charlie Adler and Billy West
- Cheryl and Meryl – Sherri Shepherd
- Ed – Tom Kenny
- Lola Boa – Alanna Ubach
- Margo – Jennifer Hale
- Gaspar Le Gecko – Andre Sogliuzzo

## Episodes

|Season|Number of episodes|First Airdate|Last Airdate|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|style="text-align: left; top"|Season 1|style="text-align: center; top"|21|style="text-align: center; top"|August 21, 2004|style="text-align: center; top"|August 12, 2005|
|style="text-align: left; top"|Season 2|style="text-align: center; top"|18|style="text-align: center; top"|February 3, 2006|style="text-align: center; top"|August 25, 2006|

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Animated television series
Children's television series
- **runtime**: 30 minutes
- **creator**: Russell Marcus
- **director**: Timothy Björklund, John McIntyre, Steve Loter
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **network**: Disney Channel
- **num seasons**: 2
- **num episodes**: 39
- **list episodes**: List of Brandy & Mr. Whiskers episodes
Dwyane Wade

**Dwyane Tyrone Wade Jr.** (born January 17, 1982) is an American basketball player. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. His parents divorced a short time after he was born. He attended college at Marquette University on a scholarship. He was on scholarship for basketball but he did not play his first year because of academic problems. The next year he started on Marquette and led them to a good season. The year after that he led the _Marquette Golden Eagles_ to the Final Four in the NCAA tournament.

Wade went on to the NBA and was selected as the 5th pick overall in the NBA draft by the Miami Heat. He had a good rookie season in the NBA, averaging 15 points per game and 6 assists per game. He soon became a superstar and led the Heat to an NBA championship in 2006. Wade was named the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the 2006 NBA Finals, in which the Heat beat the Dallas Mavericks.

## Other websites

- Dwyanewade.com
- NBA profile
Himalayan wolf

The **Himalayan wolf** is a proposed clade within the Tibetan wolf (_Canis lupus filchneri_) subspecies. Its mitochondrial DNA is basal to all other wolves including other Tibetan wolves. The taxonomic status of this wolf clade was disputed: the separate species _Canis himalayensis_ was proposed, based on two limited DNA studies.
Angelroda

**Angelroda** is a former municipality of the district Ilm-Kreis Rural District, in Thuringia, Germany. On 31 December 2019, it became part of the municipality Martinroda.

## Infobox (german location)

- **art**: Ortsteil
- **municipality**: Martinroda, Ilm-Kreis, Martinroda
- **image coa**: Wappen_Angelroda.JPG
- **state**: Thüringen
- **district**: Ilm-Kreis
- **elevation**: 385
- **area**: 4.94
- **population**: 377
- **stand**: 2018-12-31
- **postal code**: 99338
- **area code**: 036207
- **licence**: IK
- **website**: [http://www.angelroda.de/ www.angelroda.de]
- **mayor**: Udo Lämmer
- **party**: CDU
Elgersburg

**Elgersburg** is a municipality in the Ilm-Kreis Rural District, in Thuringia, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **image coa**: DEU Elgersburg COA.svg
- **image plan**: Elgersburg in IK.svg
- **state**: Thüringen
- **district**: Ilm-Kreis
- **verwaltungsgemeinschaft**: Geratal
- **elevation**: 490
- **area**: 9.49
- **population**: 1222
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 98716
- **area code**: 03677
- **licence**: IK
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 16 0 70 011
- **mayor**: Ingolf Schwarze
- **party**: CDU
Hull, Florida

**Hull, Florida** is an unincorporated community in Southwest DeSoto County, Florida. About 150 people live there.

Hull had a creosote tie treating plant for the Charlotte Harbor and Northern Railroad. The railroad was bought by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad in the 1920s.  The Seaboard Railroad kept using the creosote plant through the 1950s.  In the late 1920s, Hull became the junction of a new line of the SAL to Fort Myers and Naples.  Passenger service was done on the branch.  This line was stopped in 1953.
Seii

**Seii** (;  1326 – c. 1354) was the 2<sup>nd</sup> king of the Okinawan kingdom of Chūzan. He ruled after his father, Tamagusuku, in 1336, when he was only ten years old.
Cecil Rhodes

**Cecil Rhodes** (5 July 1853 - 26 March 1902) was an English-born South African businessman and politician. He was the son of an Anglican vicar. He came from an English grammar school and at the age of 16 was sent to the British colony of Natal in South Africa due to poor health. There he became involved in diamond mining and founded the world-renowned De Beers diamond company.

He later returned to England briefly to study at Oriel College, Oxford. He was the starter of Rhodesia. He started the British South Africa Company.  He led it to expand British territory to the north and form the colony of Rhodesia.

When he was 27, he entered parliament, in 1881. He became Prime Minister of Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896. He was supported by the Afrikaner Bond in the Cape Colony until he betrayed them by supporting a rebellion against their relatives, the Boers of the South African Republic. He set up the Jameson Raid, led  by his close friend Leander Starr Jameson in 1895.  The raid was an unauthorised attack on Paul Kruger's South African Republic (or Transvaal). After that the Bond forced him to resign.  His heart was weak, and after years of ill health he died in 1902. He was buried in what is now Zimbabwe; his grave has been a controversial site.

He supported the Liberal Party and the Irish Parliamentary Party in domestic politics, in the UK.

He started the Rhodes scholarship<nowiki/>s in his will. They let citizens of British colonies, the United States and Germany to study at Oxford on a scholarship if they demonstrated certain academic and character qualities. He was a Freemason. The scholarship has benefited prime ministers of Malta, Australia and Canada, United States President Bill Clinton, and many others.

When he was prime minister, Rhodes used his political power to take land from black Africans through the Glen Grey Act. To be able to vote, people needed to have a certain amount of money.  In  the Franchise and Ballot Act, he tripled that sum.  This  effectively barred black people from taking part in elections.

Many scholars think that he was a white supremacist. In his last years he was pursued by the Princess Catherine Radziwill, a Polish adventuress.

With the strengthening of international movements against racism, such as Rhodes Must Fall and Black Lives Matter, Rhodes' legacy is a matter of debate to this day. Critics cite his confiscation of land from the black indigenous population of the Cape Colony, and false claims that southern African archeological sites such as Great Zimbabwe were built by European civilisations.
Akira Toriyama

was a Japanese manga artist. He was the creator of many popular anime and manga series, most notably the Dragon Ball franchise. It has many media adaptions, and is now the most popular anime series and the second best-selling manga of all time. He was born in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

Toriyama died on March 1, 2024 from acute subdural hematoma, aged 68. He had planned to have surgery for a brain tumor a month earlier.

## References

<div class="noprint" style="display:none;"></div>
I. M. Pei

**Ieoh Ming Pei**  (April 26, 1917 – May 16, 2019) was a Chinese American architect. Pei was an important name in his field, with his buildings built all over the world. When he was a child, he learned basic knowledge about architecture from his father.

## Career

Pei made innovations in architecture, and won the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Medal for Architecture. He built the Allied Bank Tower in Dallas, Texas, as well as the Louvre Pyramid, which is the main entrance to the Louvre Museum in Paris. In 1983, Pei won the Pritzker Prize.

## Death

Pei died in the New York City borough of Manhattan on May 16, 2019. He was 102 years old.

## Sources

"I. M. Pei." Notable Asian Americans. Ed. Helen Zia and Susan B. Gall. Detroit: Gale, 1995. Biography in Context. Web. May 29, 2015.
"I. M. Pei." Newsmakers. Detroit: Gale, 1990. Biography in Context. Web. May 29, 2015.

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: I. M. Pei
- **birth name**: Ieoh Ming Pei
- **nationality**: American
- **image**: I.M. Pei.JPG
- **birth place**: Guangzhou, Guangzhou (Canton), Republic_of_China_(1912–1949), Republic of China
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **practice**: Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
- **significant buildings**: Louvre Pyramid
Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong, Bank of China Tower
Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, Javits Convention Center
East Building, National Gallery of Art
- **awards**: AIA Gold Medal
Isaac Bashevis Singer

**Isaac Bashevis Singer** (; November 11, 1903 – July 24, 1991) was a leading writer in Yiddish literature. Singer was a Jewish American from Poland. Singer won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1978, who also identified himself as vegetarian.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Isaac Bashevis Singer
- **image**: File:Dan Hadani collection (990044399930205171) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Isaac Bashevis Singer in 1969
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **birth place**: Leoncin, Congress Poland, Russian Empire
- **birth name**: Izaak Zynger
- **penname**: Bashevis,
 Warszawski ,
D. Segal
- **death place**: Surfside, Florida, United States
- **occupation**: Novelist, short story writer
- **language**: Yiddish
- **citizenship**: Poland, United States
- **genre**: prose, Fictional prose
- **notableworks**: _The Magician of Lublin (novel), The Magician of Lublin_
_A Day of Pleasure_
- **signature**: Isaac Bashevis Singer signature.jpg
John von Neumann

**John von Neumann** (December 28. 1903 – February 8. 1957) was a Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist.

He contributed to many fields, including:

- Set theory
- Functional analysis
- Quantum mechanics
- Ergodic theory
- Continuous geometry
- Economics
- Game theory
- Computer science
- Numerical analysis
- Systems theory
- Statistics

He is generally regarded as a prodigy, polymath and one of the most important mathematicians of the 20th century.

He was a member of a group called the 'Martians'. They were Hungarian immigrants to the US of extraordinary intellect. Others people in this group were Edward Teller, Paul Erdős, Leó Szilárd and Eugene Wigner.

## Noteworthy work

1. His textbook on quantum mechanics is one of the first on this topic.
1. His game theory is considered one of the most important tools in competitive strategic management and is also of high importance in biosciences.
1. He is the designer of the Von-Neumann architecture, which is basic to nearly all computers today.
1. He was one of the first proponents of artificial intelligence. He proposed the idea of self replicating machines. This is why a machine that can replicate itself is now commonly referred to as a 'Von Neumann machine'.
1. With Stanislav Ulam, he did some of the most important calculations in the Manhattan project.
1. He worked at the Institute of Advanced Studies the same time as Albert Einstein, Kurt Gödel and Robert Oppenheimer
1. Well known by computer scientists
1. Principles are included in every modern computer, tablet or phone.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: John von Neumann
- **image**: JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif
- **caption**: John von Neumann in the 1940s
- **birth place**: Budapest, Austria-Hungary, Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., United States
- **nationality**: Hungary, Hungarian, United States, American
- **field**: Mathematics
Iwan Roberts

**Iwan Wyn Roberts** (born 26 June 1968 in Bangor, Wales) is a Welsh football player. He played for the Welsh national team and several English teams, including Norwich City F.C. and Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C..

At Norwich, Roberts twice won the _player of the year_ trophy.

As a player, Roberts was a striker.