juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Korean International School of Hong Kong

The **Korean International School of Hong Kong** (KIS) was founded on March 1988. It is in Lei King Wan, Sai Wan Ho, Hong Kong, near Tai Koo Shing. Tai Koo Shing has many Koreans.

## Structure

The school has an English section and a Korean section. The Korean Section uses Korean textbooks. The students there prepare to take the KSAT (Suneung) so they can go to Korean universities. The English section uses English textbooks and follows the Cambridge International Primary Programme.

KIS has many facilities, like a tennis court, swimming pool, soft-surface playing fields, and a gymnasium. Students use the facilities for physical education classes and activities outside of classes. Higher grade students take a school trip to England.

There are many special parties during the year. Usually there is one party per month. Some of these parties are Play Day in April, Sports Day in May, Spring Concert in June, Halloween in October, and Fun Tie and Hat Day.

The students are in four "house teams"- Cougars, Eagles, Lions and Pandas. Each house has their own chant and their own colour.

## Investigation

In the past the school has had problems with bribery. A person in the cleaning company paid a bribe to a school officer. So the Independent Commission Against Corruption investigated the school and arrested one person. Koreans in Hong Kong were disappointed. They said they lost confidence in the school's management.
Cyon

**Cyon** is mobile phone brand of Korean LG Electronics. The brand was launched in 1997. Cyon represents the cutting-edge technology in cellphone market world-wide. Cyon adopts "Smart technology", development philosophy that reflects users' emotions, in manufacturing products. Cyon prioritizes customers' opinions and desires in new designs.

Cyon's headquarters are in Seoul, Korea. However, Cyon branched out to Europe, North America, South America and Asia with strategic marketing, gaining success.

## Products

Cyon's first generation cell-phones were bar-types. Upon entering year 2000, second generation came to be folder style. In 2002, the third generation of slide-phones were introduced. In 2007, Cyon presented touch phones with the latest technology. Cyon cellphones have functions such as cameras, wireless internet, DMB TV, Blue-tooth and USB memory chip.
Battle of the year

**Battle of the year** (acronym BOTY) is a worldwide breakdancing tournament held every year. In 1990, Thomas Hergenröther founded BOTY in Hannover, Germany. There were 9 crews and 400 visitors at that time. As break-dancing became more popular, BOTY grew in size and found a new location in Braunschweig, Germany.

Regional BOTY (BOTY France, BOTY Korea and so on) first takes place to choose a single crew that will represent each nation in the upcoming BOTY international. Representing crews compete against each other first in a showcase in which every crew presents their own choreographed performances within 6 minutes or so. According to the rankings of the showcase, 2 semi finals in total between 1st and 4th crew and 2nd and 3rd crew takes place. The final battle follows between the winners of the semi finals to judge the champion crew of the year.

Judging Criteria for a showcase include; synchronicity, stage-presence, theme & music and choreography.
Criteria for individual B-Boys include; top rock, footwork, freeze and power move.
Criteria for a battle include; response, routines, strategy and attitude.

## References

- http://www.battleoftheyear.de
Takahiro Matsumoto

**Takahiro "Tak" Matsumoto** (born March 27, 1961 in Toyonaka, Osaka) is a Japanese guitarist. He is the lead arranger of rock band B'z.
Foot binding

**Foot binding** is an old Chinese custom of wrapping girls' feet with cloth in order to stop them from growing with age. This tradition lasted until the early 20th century, when it was banned by the People's Republic of China.

Usually, the goal was to make the feet about  long, at most. Women who had their feet bound were usually impaired by permanent injuries for the rest of their lives. The physical consequences of foot binding stayed in Chinese society until very recently, according to a study published by the University of San Francisco.

## History

Some Chinese legends say people started binding women's feet as early as the Shang dynasty (1700–1027 BCE). However, writing says that foot binding began at the court of the Song dynasty (960–1279 CE).

After Manchuria created the Qing dynasty (1644-1912 CE), Manchurian emperors wrote many laws banning foot binding. However, the laws did not work very well. In 1874, a British priest led the first anti-footbinding committee in Shanghai.

After the collapse of the Qing dynasty, the republican government kept trying to stop foot binding. They gave fines (orders to pay money) to women who still had their feet bound after 1915.

During the early 20th century, western fashion was affecting China more and more. The People's Republic of China eventually outlawed foot binding, although this was not very successful in actually ending the practice. According to Xinhua News Agency, the last factory to make shoes for foot-bound women stopped making those shoes in 1998, in Harbin, China.

## Purpose

Foot binding was a sign of social status. If a woman's feet were bound, it was a sign that she was a higher-class woman who did not have to do hard work. However, foot binding slowly spread to the lower classes, who wanted to improve their social status. By the 17th century, Chinese girls of all social statuses had their feet bound.

Some people think that Chinese women were forced to bind their feet in order to please their husbands sexually. Some people also see foot binding as insulting to women. But other people argue that this view is biased against the Chinese culture in favor of modern Western standards.

## References

- "Foot binding" _Encyclopædia Britannica Online_ (2009). Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed 8 June 2009.

## Other websites

- The lingering influence of foot binding
- Painful Memories for China's Footbinding Survivors
- History and the culture of the Song dynasty
Udenhout

**Udenhout** is a town in The Netherlands. In 1232 the abbey of Tongerlo was started which grew into the village that is now called Udenhout.

Udenhout has been part of the municipality of Tilburg since 1997.

## History of Udenhout

There was a pilgrim who arrived after long reis going in Udenhout. He knocked in a castle whose lord was hospitable. He knew that he could spend the night. When he did not aanklopte castle or one of his employees open, but a buck driver. They were descendants of Hugo de bokkerijder. They were murdered and their lord moved into the castle. The pilgrim told how God would think about. But, they are not much of. The pilgrim was thrown from the castle. He walked across and looked at again. But the castle was gone. God had heard his word and the goats driver punished. Since then we call this the castle sunk castle. There is also a district that is named after this castle and also the shape and construction of a real castle. But the actual castle is still not found.

## Restaurants and Cafes in Udenhout

- Bosch en Duin
- Gasterij Groenendaal
- Eetcafé 27-01
- De Rustende Jager
- De Stoofpot
- 't Plein
- 't Gommelen
- De Voorkamer
- L'Abeille
- De Heksenkethel
- Boslust
- Chinees rest. Diamant
- Chinees rest. Lei Ping
- Cafetaria Den Berk
- Cafetaria 't Haantje
- Grillroom Pizzeria STAR
- Hotel Wilshof
- 't Centrum
- De Schol
- De Hemeltjes
- 't Vosje

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Udenhout
- **image flag**: Udenhout vlag.svg
- **image shield**: Udenhout wapen.svg
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Netherlands
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision name1**: North Brabant
- **subdivision type2**: Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Tilburg
- **population**: 8766
- **population as of**: 2005
- **blank name sec1**: Transport
- **blank1 name sec1**: Major roads
- **blank1 info sec1**: Rijksweg 65, N65
- **area code type**: Dialing code
- **area code**: 013
- **postal code**: 5071
HY

**HY** is a Japanese rock music band formed in year 2000 by five high school friends in Okinawa. Their name comes from the initials of their hometown, Higashi Yakena. The band became popular by performing music in the streets. Their first album _Departure_ (Okinawa-only) sold out immediately. In 2002, the band did a live performance with American group, Linkin Park.

## Members

- Hideyuki Sinzato born December 4, 1983 - guitar, vocals, rap
- Syun Naka born October 5, 1983 - drums, rap
- Sinsuke Kyoda born July 17, 1983 - bass
- Izumi Nakasone born January 11, 1983 - keyboard, vocals
- Yuuhei Miyazato born February 1, 1984 - guitar

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: HY
- **img**: JN07hy1.jpg
- **img capt**: HY performing at the J!-ENT LIVE, on March 19, 2007
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Okinawa, Japan
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock
- **years active**: 2000present
- **label**: Higashiyakena Soundbuilder (Management Agency/Record Label)
Avex Group (Official Distributor)
TV Asahi, TV Asahi Music (Management Agency/Music Publishing)
- **url**: [http://www.hymode.net/ HY Official Site]
- **current members**: Yūhei Miyazato
Shun Naka
Shinsuke Kyoda
Hideyuki Shinzato
Izumi Nakasone
Mount Kisco

**Mount Kisco** is a village and a town in Westchester County, in the state of New York. One story says it was named after an Algonquian  Native American chief who once lived in the area. There is another story which says that the name came from the Algonquian word meaning the "edge of creekland", or "a muddy place". It is a suburban town about 40 minutes from New York City by car. There is also a train to New York. The village has more than 10,000 people, who live in an area of 3.1 square miles. There are approximately 2,500 families living in Mount Kisco.

Mount Kisco is a part of the Bedford School District, which has five elementary schools, one middle school, and a high school. The village is run by a Mayor and four trustees. It has a commercial hub in the center of the village. Around the Mount Kisco Library are the shopping corridors on South Moger Avenue. Mount Kisco is a relatively quiet town; however, it is currently suffering from increased traffic.

## History

Before Europeans came to live in the area in the 1600s, the area was called Lenape by the Native Americans. The village of Mount Kisco became official in 1878. In 1978, it joined with several other small villages to form the town of Mount Kisco.

The first policeman, John Daniels, started work in Mount Kisco on May 7, 1877. He was paid 100 dollars a year.  The first female policeman was Donna Fotovich who started work in 1985.

## Other websites

- The Mount Kisco Library
- Bedford School District
Kinki Kids

**KinKi Kids** is a Japanese J-pop band. The members are Koichi Doumoto and Tsuyoshi Doumoto. They formed the duo in 1992, and they came out in 1997. They are from Kinki region. So, the duo named KinKi kids after Kinki region. They have same family name, but they are not relatives.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: KinKi Kids
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Japan
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **years active**: –present
- **label**: Johnny's Entertainment
- **associated acts**: Johnny & Associates, J-Friends
- **current members**: Koichi Domoto
Tsuyoshi Domoto
Scott Young

**Scott Young** may refer to:

## Sportspeople

- Scott Young (American football) (born 1981), American football guard for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League
- Scott Young (ice hockey b. 1965) (born 1965), retired Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman
- Scott Young (ice hockey b. 1967) (born 1967), retired American professional ice hockey right winger
- Scott Young (Scottish footballer) (born 1977), Scottish footballer and manager
- Scott Young (Welsh footballer) (born 1976), Welsh football player
- Scott Young (footballer, born 1969), English footballer

## Others

- Scott Young (politician) (born 1961), Mayor of Port Coquitlam, British Columbia
- Scott Young (writer) (1918–2005), Canadian writer and sports journalist
Scott Young (ice hockey b. 1967)

**Scott Young** (born October 1, 1967 in Clinton, Massachusetts) is an American retired professional ice hockey right winger.

## Awards and achievements

- **1986**: Hockey East Rookie of the Year
- **1987**: World Junior Championship All-Star Team
- **1991**: Stanley Cup with the Pittsburgh Penguins
- **1996**: Stanley Cup with the Colorado Avalanche

### Regular season and playoffs

|colspan="3"  bgcolor="#ffffff"||rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="5"|Regular season|rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="5"|Playoffs||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1985–86|Boston University|HE|38|16|13|29|31|—|—|—|—|—|
|1986–87|Boston University|HE|33|15|21|36|24|—|—|—|—|—|
|1987–88|U.S. National Team|Intl|56|11|47|58|31|—|—|—|—|—|
|1987–88|Hartford Whalers|NHL|7|0|0|0|2|4|1|0|1|0|
|1988–89|Hartford Whalers|NHL|76|19|40|59|27|4|2|0|2|4|
|1989–90|Hartford Whalers|NHL|80|24|40|64|47|7|2|0|2|2|
|1990–91|Hartford Whalers|NHL|34|6|9|15|8|—|—|—|—|—|
|1990–91|Pittsburgh Penguins|NHL|43|11|16|27|33|17|1|6|7|2|
|1991–92|U.S. National Team|Intl|10|2|4|6|21|—|—|—|—|—|
|1991–92|HC Bolzano|ITL|18|22|17|39|6|5|4|3|7|7|
|1992–93|Quebec Nordiques|NHL|82|30|30|60|20|6|4|1|5|0|
|1993–94|Quebec Nordiques|NHL|76|26|25|51|14|—|—|—|—|—|
|1994–95|Frankfurt Lions|DEL|1|1|0|1|0|—|—|—|—|—|
|1994–95|Landshut EV|DEL|4|6|1|7|6|—|—|—|—|—|
|1994–95|Quebec Nordiques|NHL|48|18|21|39|14|6|3|3|6|2|
|1995–96|Colorado Avalanche|NHL|81|21|39|60|50|22|3|12|15|10|
|1996–97|Colorado Avalanche|NHL|72|18|19|37|14|17|4|2|6|14|
|1997–98|Mighty Ducks of Anaheim|NHL|73|13|20|33|22|—|—|—|—|—|
|1998–99|St. Louis Blues|NHL|75|24|28|52|27|13|4|7|11|10|
|1999–00|St. Louis Blues|NHL|74|24|15|39|18|6|6|2|8|8|
|2000–01|St. Louis Blues|NHL|81|40|33|73|30|15|6|7|13|2|
|2001–02|St. Louis Blues|NHL|67|19|21|40|26|10|3|0|3|2|
|2002–03|Dallas Stars|NHL|79|23|19|42|30|10|4|3|7|6|
|2003–04|Dallas Stars|NHL|53|8|8|16|14|4|1|0|1|2|
|2004–05|Memphis Riverkings|CHL|3|2|1|3|0|—|—|—|—|—|
|2005–06|St. Louis Blues|NHL|79|18|31|49|52|—|—|—|—|—|

### International

|Year|Team|Comp|GP|G|A|Pts|PIM|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1985|United States|WJC|7|1|2|3|4|
|1986|United States|WJC|7|1|3|4|8|
|1987|United States|WJC|7|7|2|9|2|
|1987|United States|WC|4|0|1|1|2|
|1988|United States|OG|6|2|6|8|4|
|1989|United States|WC|10|0|7|7|6|
|1992|United States|OG|8|2|1|3|2|
|1994|United States|WC|8|3|1|4|4|
|1996|United States|WCH|7|2|2|4|4|
|2002|United States|OG|6|4|0|4|2|

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Scott Young
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **played for**: Hartford Whalers
 Pittsburgh Penguins
 Quebec Nordiques
 Colorado Avalanche
 Anaheim Ducks, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
 St. Louis Blues
 Dallas Stars
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 190
- **ntl team**: United States
- **birth place**: Clinton, Massachusetts, Clinton, MA, United States, USA
- **draft**: 11th overall
- **draft year**: 1986
- **draft team**: Hartford Whalers
- **career start**: 1988
- **career end**: 2006
Scott Young (ice hockey b. 1965)

**Scott Young** (born May 26, 1965 in Oakville, Ontario) is a former professional ice hockey player who played in the minor leagues in North America and in Britain's top level leagues.

## Career statistics

|colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff"||rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="6"|Regular season|rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="5"|Playoffs||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1985-86|Colgate University|NCAA|28|5|6|11|88||||||
|1986-87|Colgate University|NCAA|33|13|15|28|113||||||
|1987-88|Colgate University|NCAA|14|4|10|14|44||||||
|1988-89|Colgate University|NCAA|31|15|22|37|150||||||
|1988-89|New Haven Nighthawks|AHL|7|1|1|2|4|6|0|0|0|2|
|1989-90|New Haven Nighthawks|AHL|58|7|11|18|62|--|--|--|--|--|
|1990-91|New Haven Nighthawks|AHL|34|5|10|15|20|--|--|--|--|--|
|1990-91|San Diego Gulls|IHL|14|0|5|5|12|--|--|--|--|--|
|1990-91|Phoenix Roadrunners|IHL|5|0|0|0|2|--|--|--|--|--|
|1990-91|Knoxville Cherokees|ECHL|8|3|8|11|49|3|2|1|3|12|
|1991-92|Heerenveen Flyers|Hlnd|6|3|9|12|46||||||
|1992-93|Heerenveen Flyers|Hlnd|34|28|47|75|111||||||
|1993-94|Teeside Bombers|BHL|45|60|51|111|296||||||
|1994-95|Humberside Hawks|BHL|39|49|46|95|210||||||
|1995-96|Humberside Hawks|BHL|14|13|26|39|48||||||
|1995-96|Milton Keynes Kings|BHL|22|19|30|49|149||||||
|1996-97|Ayr Scottish Eagles|BISL|41|16|20|36|126||||||
|1997-98|Ayr Scottish Eagles|BISL|45|13|22|35|129||||||
|1998-99|Ayr Scottish Eagles|BISL|40|6|9|15|38||||||
|1999-00|Ayr Scottish Eagles|BISL|37|7|18|25|127|6|1|0|1|12|
|2000-01|Ayr Scottish Eagles|BISL|47|7|13|20|133|7|2|4|6|20|
|2001-02|Dundee Stars|BNL|44|35|49|84|167|8|5|6|11|20|
|2002-03|Dundee Stars|BNL|9|6|13|19|24||||||
|2002-03|Hull Thunder|BNL|24|11|20|31|114||||||
|2003-04|Dundee Stars|BNL|4|1|1|2|56||||||
|2003-04|Dundas Real McCoys|OHASr|4|0|3|3|0||||||
|2003-04|Cape Fear Fire Antz|SEHL|36|11|27|38|70|2|1|4|5|4|
|2004-05|Dundas Real McCoys|OHASr|24|8|15|23|39||||||
|2005-06|Dundas Real McCoys|OHASr|12|6|9|15|54||||||
Pico da Neblina

**Pico da Neblina** is Brazil's highest mountain. It is  high. It is located in Amazonas state, along the Venezuelan border. It is located in the Negro River Basin. Pico de Neblina, means "Mist Peak" in Portuguese.
Amazonas (Brazilian state)

**Amazonas** is the largest state of Brazil. It is in the North Region and borders Acre, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima and some countries of Latin America. Its main city is Manaus. In Amazonas is found the highest part of Brazil, the Pico da Neblina.

Its name was given because of the Amazons legend, and it is also the name of its major river, the second longest river in the world. Other rivers in Amazonas are Rio Juruá, Purus, Madeira, Rio Negro, Rio Içá, Rio Uaupés, and Rio Japurá.

The economy is based in mining, fishing, and industry.

## Other websites

- Official homepage
- Brazilian Embassy in London's Amazonas page

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Amazonas State
- **native name**: Estado do Amazonas
- **native name lang**: pt
- **settlement type**: States of Brazil, State
- **image flag**: Bandeira do Amazonas.svg
- **image shield**: Brasão do Amazonas.svg
- **image map**: Brazil State Amazonas.svg
- **map caption**: Location of State of Amazonas in Brazil
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital and Largest City
- **seat**: Manaus
- **leader title**: Governor (Brazil), Governor
- **leader name**: Wilson Lima (PSC)
- **leader title1**: Vice Governor
- **leader name1**: Carlos Almeida
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 1570745.7
- **area rank**: List of Brazilian states by area, 1st
- **population total**: 3,480,937
- **population as of**: 2010 census
- **population rank**: List of Brazilian states by population, 15th
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density rank**: List of Brazilian states by population density, 26th
- **population demonym**: Amazonense
- **demographics type1**: Gross domestic product, GDP
- **demographics1 title1**: Year
- **demographics1 info1**: 2006 estimate
- **demographics1 title2**: Total
- **demographics1 info2**: R$ 69,166,000,000 (List of Brazilian states by gross domestic product, 10th)
- **demographics1 title3**: Per capita
- **demographics1 info3**: R$ 23.043 (List of Brazilian states by gross domestic product, 9th)
- **demographics type2**: Human Development Index, HDI
- **demographics2 title1**: Year
- **demographics2 info1**: 2006
- **demographics2 title2**: Category
- **demographics2 info2**: 0.780 – <span style="color:#fc0">medium</span> (List of Brazilian states by Human Development Index, 13th)
- **timezone1**: Time in Brazil, UTC-4
- **utc offset1**: -03
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 69000-000 to 69290-000
69400-000 to 69890-000
- **iso code**: ISO 3166-2:BR, BR-AM
- **website**: [http://www.amazonas.am.gov.br amazonas.am.gov.br]
Jurua River

**Rio Jurua** is a river in western Brazil, Amazonas. Its course forms a part of the border with Peru.
Japurá River

**Japura River** or **Caquetá River** is a river in Brazil, Amazonas state. That is about  long. It begins in the Andes mountains in Columbia where it is called the Caquetá. The river flows through Columbia into Brazil where it is called the Japura. It empties into the Amazon river.
Woolwich Arsenal station

**Woolwich Arsenal station** is a National Rail and Docklands Light Railway interchange station in Woolwich, the London Borough of Greenwich in south-east London. It is a stop on the North Kent Line between London and Gillingham, served by Southeastern, and is the southern terminus of the Woolwich Arsenal branch of the Docklands Light Railway. The station faces General Gordon Square south-west of the station on the A200 road. It is named after the nearby Woolwich Arsenal. It is the only DLR station in Travelcard Zone 4.

### National Rail

The typical off-peak service from the station is:

- 4tph (trains per hour) to London Cannon Street via Greenwich (stopping service). Calling at all stations.
- 2tph to London Charing Cross via Greenwich (semi-fast service). Calling at all stations except Charlton, Maze Hill and Greenwich.
- 2tph to London Cannon Street via Charlton and Lewisham (stopping service). Calling at all stations
- 2tph to London Cannon Street via Sidcup and Lewisham (stopping service). Calling at all stations
- 2tph to Dartford (stopping service). Calling at all stations
- 2tph to Gillingham (semi-fast). Calling at all stations except Belvedere and Erith
- 2tph to Plumstead

The station is on the North Kent Line. Typical journey times to London are in the region of 30 minutes.

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Woolwich Arsenal
- **image name**: Woolwich Arsenal station MMB 04 376024.jpg
- **manager**: Southeastern (train operating company), Southeastern
- **fare zone**: 4
- **locale**: Woolwich
- **borough**: Royal Borough of Greenwich
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 1 November 1849
- **years2**: 12 January 2009
- **symbol**: rail
- **symbol2**: dlr
- **events2**: DLR opened
- **platforms**: 4 (2 underground platforms served by DLR)
- **railexits1314**: 3.551
- **railexits1415**: 3.572
- **railexits1516**: 3.696
- **railexits1617**: 3.648
- **railcode**: WWA
- **dft category**: C2
- **access**: yes
King George V DLR station

**King George V DLR station** is a station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), which opened on 2 December 2005. It is named after the King George V Dock nearby. Until January 2009, the station served as a temporary southern terminus for the King George V branch of DLR but the line has since been extended to Woolwich Arsenal under the River Thames.

The station is in the London Borough of Newham and is in Travelcard Zone 3.

## References

Extended to Woolwich Arsenal on 12 January 2009.

## Other websites

- Street map of King George V DLR station from multimap.com
- Docklands Light Railway website - King George V station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: King George V
- **image name**: File:King George V DLR stn look west.JPG
- **caption**: King George V DLR stn look west.
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 3
- **locale**: North Woolwich
- **borough**: London Borough of Newham
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 2 December 2005
- **platforms**: 2
- **access**: yes
London City Airport DLR station

**London City Airport DLR station** is a station on the Docklands Light Railway which serves the London City Airport, and so which opened in 2 December 2005. It is on the King George V branch. Trains run westbound to Bank in the City of London and eastbound to Woolwich Arsenal.

## Construction

Until extension works to Woolwich Arsenal this station was the main reason of the DLR for this branch.  It continues to be an important King George V branch station on the DLR.  It has an excellent airport direct service covered connection with adjacent airport terminal building, of which has direct services through River Thames and Kent to Lithuania. Although the station maintains the DLR philosophy of basic good design it makes various concessions to cater for airport passengers including a fully enclosed waiting room on central island platform. The station is in the London Borough of Newham and is in Travelcard Zone 3.

## Other websites

- Street map of London City Airport DLR station from multimap.com
- Docklands Light Railway website - London City Airport station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: London City Airport
- **image name**: London City Airport DLR Station.jpg
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 3
- **locale**: London City Airport, Silvertown
- **borough**: London Borough of Newham
- **years1**: 2 December 2005
- **events1**: Opened
- **platforms**: 2
- **access**: yes
Pontoon Dock DLR station

**Pontoon Dock** is a DLR station on the Woolwich Arsenal branch of the DLR, opened on 2 December 2005. It is in the east portion of Silvertown in the London Borough of Newham, and is in Travelcard Zone 3.

## Other websites

- Street map of Pontoon Dock DLR station from multimap.com
- Pontoon Dock DLR station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: Pontoon Dock
- **image name**: London DLR Pontoon Dock station.jpg
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 3
- **locale**: Silvertown
- **borough**: London Borough of Newham
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 2 December 2005
- **platforms**: 2
- **access**: yes
West Silvertown DLR station

**West Silvertown** is a station on the Docklands Light Railway, opened in December 2005.

## Opening and location

The first train departed on 2 December 2005.

It is on the Woolwich Arsenal branch. Trains run Westbound to Bank in the City of London and Eastbound to Woolwich Arsenal, passing through London City Airport station.

The station is in the London Borough of Newham and is in Travelcard Zone 3, while it is the closest to London City Airport for planes to different countries.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - West Silvertown station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: West Silvertown
- **image name**: West Silvertown DLR Station - geograph.org.uk - 1372588.jpg
- **caption**: Station entrance on northern side
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 3
- **locale**: Silvertown
- **borough**: London Borough of Newham
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 2005
- **platforms**: 2
- **access**: yes
Canning Town station

**Canning Town station** is a major inter-modal interchange station in East London. The station served by London Underground's Jubilee Line and the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), is also served by local buses operated on the behalf of London Buses. It is in Travelcard Zone 3.

## Future developments

The North London line platforms will be redeveloped as part of the Stratford International extension of the DLR from Canning Town to Stratford International via West Ham, which would see more frequent services to Stratford, and will connect London Underground to DLR at West Ham, so passengers to NLL destinations beyond will have to change.

On the DLR City Airport extension there is a station planned south-east of here called Thames Wharf, depending mainly on the regeneration of the area.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - Canning Town station page

**Current Services**

**Future Services**

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Canning Town
- **image name**: Canning Town stn northern entrance.JPG
- **caption**: Northern entrance to Canning Town station
- **manager**: London Underground
- **fare zone**: 3
- **locale**: Canning Town
- **borough**: London Borough of Newham
- **platforms**: 4
- **tubeexits05**: 7.725
- **tubeexits07**: 8.099
- **owner**: London Underground
- **years1**: 1847
- **years2**: 1994
- **years3**: 1999
- **years4**: 2005
- **years5**: 2006
- **events1**: Opened
- **events2**: DLR branch to Beckton started
- **events3**: Jublilee Line started
- **events4**: DLR branch to King George V opened
- **events5**: North London Line service discontinued
Critical thinking

**Critical thinking** is a smart way of thinking. It means looking carefully at information or problems and deciding if they are good or not. One has to think in a clear and organized way. One also has to ask questions, think about different ideas, and make choices based on proof and good reasons. Thinking ahead and analyzing things for the future is also part of critical thinking. It's not just about what's happening now, but also thinking about what might come next and how things could change in the future. Critical thinking is very important for making good decisions, solving problems, and handling difficult situations.

## Process

To  engage in reflective thinking about a statement of truth and avoid being easily fooled, questions about it can be written as clearly and simply as possible, making certain that all terms are well understood by giving definitions if necessary. Critical thinking is a method for determining whether a claim is true, false, sometimes true and sometimes false, or partly true and partly false. To establish the truth of a claim, one requires evidence or information to verify its legitimacy. Information is found in libraries, online sources, and through interviews with experts in the respective fields. Trained librarians can help in researching library materials, and some are proficient in helping with computer and internet resources. Then critically evaluating the context in which a claim is made, judging the quality of information (updated, thorough, well-informed, and impartial), understanding any biases present through asking probing questions, and recognizing how the pieces of information relate to each other, one can ascertain the accuracy of the statement of truth or a claim. To better understand biases one can use various methods, these include thinking about different ideas and reasons why people might disagree, checking what we think is true, being aware of how information is presented, spotting ways where the author is trying to convincing, recognizing how things that happened before can be similar to what might happen now if they share similar parts or situations, etc.

Critical thinking tools come from different fields of study like statistics, logistics, semantics, experimental research methodology, psychology, sociology, etc.

## Related pages

- Age of Enlightenment
- Argument
- Critic
- Dialectic
- Disinformation
- International Philosophy Olympiad
- Logic
East India DLR station

**East India** is a station on Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in Blackwall in east London. It takes its name from the nearby disused East India Docks, of the Port of London, where Blackwall ships trading with the Indian subcontinent entries, along the Saffron Islands.

It is on the Beckton branch of the DLR, and is in Travelcard Zones 2 and 3. It opened, with the Beckton Branch, on 28 March 1994.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - East India station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: East India
- **image name**: EastindiaDLR.jpg
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 2
- **fare zone 1**: 3
- **locale**: Blackwall, London, Blackwall
- **borough**: London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Tower Hamlets
- **platforms**: 2
Blackwall DLR station

**Blackwall** is a station on Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in east London. The station is close to the northern entry to the Blackwall road tunnel under the Thames.

It is the eastern terminus of the London buses route 15 from Charing Cross tube station.

## Geography

Blackwall station is on the Beckton branch of the DLR between Poplar and East India stations, and is in Travelcard Zone 2.

## History

The DLR station opened, with the Beckton Branch, on the 28 March 1994. There was a previous station on the same site, called Poplar station, which was served by the London and Blackwall Railway from 6 July 1840 to 3 May 1926. Blackwall station on the London and Blackwall Railway was actually farther east. The location of these two stations on the London and Blackwall Railway can be seen in the bottom-right hand corner of the Map of Poplar, 1885.

There is a crossover west of the station which allows trains from Beckton, Poplar or Woolwich Arsenal to reverse here.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - Blackwall station page
- Map of Poplar, 1885.

## Infobox (london station)

- **name**: Blackwall
- **image name**: BlackwallDLR.jpg
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 2
- **locale**: Blackwall, London, Blackwall
- **borough**: London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Tower Hamlets
- **platforms**: 2
Wayuu

The **Wayúu** are a tribe of native people living in La Guajira Peninsula, between Colombia and Venezuela.

## Geography

The Wayúu live in La Guajira Peninsula in Colombia and Venezuela. La Guajira Peninsula is on the Caribbean Sea coast. The two main rivers that flow through this area are; the Racheria River in Colombia and El Limon River in Venezuela. The Wayúu and other people that live there create ponds to keep water stored from the rain season.
Vinoba Bhave

**Vinoba Bhave** (1895-1982), was a philosopher and revolutionist of India. Often called Acharya (Sanskrit for teacher). He was a pupil of Mahatma Gandhi (1869~ 1948), who was called "Mahatma", meaning a great sage. Vinoba Bhave also lived following the doctrine of ahimsa, which means nonviolence. His ideas were also influenced by his grandfather, father, and mother. His grandfather taught him about the purity of spirit. His father, who was yoga ascetic, taught him how to think scientifically. His mother taught him what faith is. He got the Bharat Ratna award by Indian government in 1983. The Gita has also been translated into Marathi language by him with the name as Geetai means mother Geeta.[2]

There are a lot of accomplishments he made. The most famous thing is "Budan", which is an idea of sharing lands with the poor. He argued that land is not something that can be occupied. He insisted that land owners should donate their one sixth of their land to people who do not have land. He campaigned to give rice to hungry people. And he also did a campaign of self-supporting and self-sufficient. These worked successfully and he became a great man of India.
Cheongsam

**Cheongsam (长衫)**  is typical, traditional clothing for Chinese women. Also known as Qipao (Ch'ipau).

A cheongsam usually has two long slits at either side of the hem for convenient movement and display of the legs. Unlike a short skirt, the slits of cheongsam show a woman's legs when she walks.

A more formal description is: a longer, figure-fitting, one piece garment with a standing collar, an asymmetric left-over-right opening (youren) and two side slits.

The modern Cheongsam was developed in Shanghai in the 1920s. Several alterations have been made to the design. It was popular in China from the 1920s to 1940s, as many noble and high-class women wore it. Although the cheongsam is thought to be traditional Chinese clothing, it is modern.

The traditional Qipao evolved from Manchu women's Changpao during the Qing Dynasty.
Kikuyu

**Kikuyu** is the largest tribe in Kenya. They are 22% of Kenya's population and are of Bantu ethnicity.

## History

There are two theories explaining where the Kikuyu came from. First, it is believed the Kikuyus came from Central Africa, where all the Bantus once lived. They then moved south towards present day Tanzania where the migrating group separated again and the Kikuyus moved towards Mount Kenya, where they settled. The second theory is that they came from a mythical place called Shungwaya, which is present day Somalia.

According to Kikuyu creation stories, Ngai (their God) made a man, called Gikuyu, and his wife, Mumbi, and settled them on Mount Kenya. Gikuyu and Mumbi had nine daughters who form the major groups of the Kikuyu people. Due to the fertile soil on Mount Kenya and the hard work of the Kikuyu people, they grew more than they needed and started trading with their neighbours, the Maasai (a Nilotic tribe). The Kikuyus swapped their farm produce and crops for the animal products from the Maasai, who kept livestock. It is also believed that the Maasai are the ones who married the nine daughters of Gikuyu and  Mumbi.

## Kikuyu language

Members of the Kikuyu tribe speak the Kikuyu language. The Kikuyu greeting is "Wi mwega?" which means "Are you fine?". There are a few Kikuyu dialects depending on region. Kikuyus from Nyeri, for instance, have other forms of greeting including: "Wakia Maitu" greeting an elderly female, "Wakia Awa" greeting an elderly male, and "Wanyua" for agemates.

The Kikuyu language is also similar to other languages like Meru, Mbeere, and Embu which are believed to have been once part of the Kikuyu tribe but moved away and formed their own tribes. Even though English and Kiswahili are the main languages spoken in Kenya across tribes, the Kikuyu language is still spoken a lot today as a sense of cultural pride.

## Famous Kikuyu people

Famous people from this tribe include: Jomo Kenyatta (the first president of the republic of Kenya), Mwai Kibaki (the third president of Kenya), Uhuru Kenyatta (the fifth president of the republic of kenya and the son of Jomo) and Wangari Maathai (the first African female Nobel Peace Prize winner and environmental activist)

## Other websites

- _Kikuyu.com_
- _Kikuyu origin_
Incheon International Airport

**Incheon International Airport** is the largest international airport in South Korea where all international flights leave and arrive every day. Gimpo Airport located near city Seoul used to be the international airport for Korea. However as the population grew and needs for places to stay increased in the area, Gimpo Airport no longer could expand its capacity to meet the growing demands for international flights. To solve the problem, a construction plan for a new  24 hour airport was started in 1992. Incheon International Airport is in Incheon City Jung-gu Unseo-dong (37°27′5″N, 126°26′4″E). Incheon International Airport Railroad (A'REX) and Incheon International Airport Highway were built to join the airport to Seoul. The airport is operated by Incheon International Airport Corporation (IIAC) and it is owned by the government of South Korea.

## History

Incheon International Airport opened on March 29th, 2019. It was built on reclaimed land between Yongjongdo and Youngyudo. First stage of building started in 1992 and it took eight years and four months to finish. It cost 7.8 trillion Won. This allowed Incheon International Airport to have up to 170,000 flights, 27,000,000 passengers and 1,700,000 tons of cargo per year. Stage Two began in 2002 and was completed on June 20th 2008. The airport now has the capacity of holding 410,000 flights, 44,000,000 passengers, and 4,500,000 tons of cargo per year. When the airport is finished in 2020, it will have two passenger terminals, four satellite concourses, 128 gates, and four parallel runways. It will be able to have up to 100 million passengers, and 7 million tons of cargo per year.
Lao language

**Lao** or **Laotian** is a language and is the official language of Laos. It is also spoken in the northeast part of Thailand. Lao, like the other languages of Laos, is written in an abugida writing system. The languages has variations, but the Vientiane dialect is considered the standard written form of Lao.

Lao and Thai are both Tai languages and are very similar to each other. In fact, speakers of northern Thai dialects and Lao claim that they can largely understand each other, making the dialects mutually intelligible.

## History

Lao is one of the Tai languages, spoken in what is now northern Vietnam and southern China. Mongol invaders and expansion in China pushed the Tai people south towards India. Their language was influenced by other languages in the region like the Mon-Khmer and the Austronesian languages. The written form of Lao originally came from the Pali language in India. The script form was brought to the region by Buddhists about two thousand years ago.

Lao script is based on the Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. However, the writing system was simplified several times, both during the French rule and the communist rule, to make it easier for native Lao speakers to read aloud written Lao.

## Vocabulary

Lao has mainly native Lao words. Because of Buddhism, however, it has been influenced by other languages that contributed mostly religious terms. Lao has influenced Khmer and Thai  and vice versa.  The writing has many foreign loanwords, very similar to how Latin and Greek have influenced other European languages.

For politeness, pronouns (and more formal pronouns) are used, as well as ending statements with ແດ່ (dè ) or ເດີ້ (deu ). Negative statements are made more polite by ending with ດອກ (dok ). The following are formal register examples.
- (khop chai lai lai deu, ) _Thank you very much._
- (khanoi hét bo dai dok, ) _I cannot._
- (khai pa too hai dè, ) _Open the door, please._

## Other websites

- Laotian Language 101, YouTube
- Learn Basic Lao Language
- Linguistics of Tonal Languages, YouTube

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Lao
- **nativename**: ()
- **familycolor**: Kradai
- **states**: Laos, Thailand
- **speakers**: 5,225,552 (2006), roughly 20 million if Isan speakers are included.
- **fam1**: Kradai languages, Kradai
- **fam2**: Tai languages, Tai
- **fam3**: Southwestern Tai languages, Southwestern
- **fam4**: East Central Tai languages, East Central
- **fam5**: Lao-Phutai languages, Lao-Phutai
- **nation**: Laos
- **iso1**: lo
- **iso2**: lao
- **iso3**: lao
Sukiyaki

**Sukiyaki** is a very popular one-pot meal in Japan. The main ingredient (or stuff) is thin sliced beef, and it is simmered in a skillet or pan in the sukiyaki sauce with many vegetables and other ingredients. The word "yaki" means "sautee" or "grill" in Japanese. The word is used because the beef in sukiyaki is sauteed in the hot skillet.

## History

In Japan, because of religious beliefs people were forbidden to eat beef, venison, horse, mutton and other meat from Asuka era to Meizi era. issue of religion. Cattle and horse were also work animals, therefore if people eat cattle and horse meat, people were punished. This custom was publicly decided by the then emperor on April 1, 675. But it is said that the real intention of this custom was to raise cultivation of rice product. This is a commandment (or rule) of Buddhism. But difficulty in making a living meant that people secretly ate boar and venison meat. Over time  people ate beef secretly.

The first sukiyaki store opened in Kyoto at the last days of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The Meiji emperor ate beef. He liked taste of sukiyaki. After that, the emperor lifted the ban on eating beef. People were allowed to eat beef publicly. In the west it is called “Sukiyaki”, in the east it is called “Gyunabe”. It is popular all over Japan. Sukiyaki’s contents do not change now. It is thinly sliced beef cooked in an iron pot, with bean curd, sliced onion, mushroom and other kinds of seasoning. Then the beef and vegetables are picked directly from the pan by chopstick and eaten by dipping them into a small bowl containing raw egg. Sukiyaki became symbol of cultural enlightenment.

## Preparation

Each Japanese region has a preferred way of cooking sukiyaki. Japan can be divided into two regions. The big variation is between _Kansai_ (western Japan) and _Kanto_ (eastern Japan). In the Kanto (Tokyo) region, sukiyaki is based on _Gyunabe_ that was in fashion in _Meiji_ period. Before cooking sukiyaki, people prepare the soup stock mixing a seasonings (soy sauce, sugar, _sake_ and _mirin_) together. They then stew beef in it.

In the _Kansai_ region, people grill meat in the pan greased with lard. After that, they put the other ingredients over these, and the liquid is poured into the pan. They do not grill meat and the ingredients that make the meat tough, and they do not grill the meat and watery vegetables at a same time. This is the_ Kansai_ style of cooking sukiyaki.
The border between the styles of cooking sukiyaki is becoming unclear. Some people say that the border between eastern and western is in Aichi. But recently, ready-made stock, pre-mixed with seasoning used to flavor sukiyaki is sold all over Japan, so the border is no longer clear.

## Other websites

- JAPAN MEAT INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER in English
- 財団法人 日本食肉消費総合センター  in Japanese
Poplar DLR station

Poplar is a Docklands Light Railway station serving a junction of all four lines.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - Poplar station page
- Map of Poplar, 1885.
- Photograph of one of the platforms at Poplar

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: Poplar
- **image name**: Poplar DLR platforms 2 and 3.jpg
- **caption**: Platforms 2 and 3 at Poplar DLR station
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 2
- **locale**: Poplar, London, Poplar
- **borough**: London Borough of Tower Hamlets
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 31 August 1987
- **platforms**: 4
- **access**: yes
- **original**: Docklands Light Railway
Shawm

The **shawm** was a musical instrument of the woodwind family that was played in Europe during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.  The modern oboe was developed from the shawm.  Like the modern oboe, the shawm was played by blowing into a double reed.  It was usually made from one piece of wood, with a flare at the end (like a trumpet).  It sounded very loud, and was mostly used outdoors.

In German the shawm is called _Schalmei_ or _Pommer_.  The first word may have come from the Latin word _calamus_  meaning "reed or stalk".  There were many kinds of shawm over the centuries in Europe and they had a variety of names.  There were also several different sizes.

.
Westferry DLR station

**Westferry DLR station** is a station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), in the Poplar district of east London. The station is in Travelcard Zone 2. To the west is Limehouse station, whilst to the east the DLR splits, with one branch going to Poplar station and the other to West India Quay station

It was built midway between the site of the old Limehouse and West India Docks stations on the disused London and Blackwall Railway. Limehouse Police Station is located nearby, as is St Anne's Church, built by Nicholas Hawksmoor.

## Other websites

- Docklands Light Railway website - Westferry station page

## Infobox (london station)

- **symbol**: dlr
- **name**: Westferry
- **image name**: File:Westferry DLR station MMB 13.jpg
- **caption**: Looking eastbound towards Canary Wharf
- **manager**: Docklands Light Railway
- **fare zone**: 2
- **locale**: Poplar, London, Poplar
- **borough**: London Borough of Tower Hamlets
- **map type**: Greater London
- **events1**: Opened
- **years1**: 1987
- **platforms**: 2
- **access**: yes