juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sacking of Osceola

The **Sacking of Osceola** was a Kansas Jayhawker attack to move pro-slavery Southerners at Osceola, Missouri on September 23, 1861. It was not approved by the Union military. The attack happened from an informal group of anti-slavery Kansas "Jayhawkers". The town of 2,077 people was plundered and burned to the ground. 200 slaves were freed and nine local citizens were court-martialed and killed. It was led by James H. Lane.

## Aftermath

Lane's raid created hatred that led to William Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas. That raid led to four counties of western Missouri under General Order No. 11 to be evacuated.

## Other websites

- Civilwarstlouis.com history

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Sacking of Osceola
- **partof**: the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War, Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
- **date**: September 23, 1861
- **place**: Osceola, Missouri
- **result**: Union (ACW), Union victory
*Plundering and burning of Osceola
*200 slaves freed
*Outrage and hatred among Missourans lead them to sacking of Lawrence
- **combatant1**: Kansas Irregular Jayhawkers
- **combatant2**: Citizens of Osceola
- **commander1**: James H. Lane (Senator), James H. Lane
- **commander2**: _unknown_
- **strength1**: Kansas Brigade
- **strength2**: _unknown_
- **casualties1**: 17 killed
8 wounded
- **casualties2**: 9 executed
Drumhead court-martial

A **drumhead court-martial** is a court-martial that happens on the battlefield to hear important charges of crimes that happened during the battle.

The term is said to come from the use of a drumhead as an improvised writing table.

## Origins

The earliest recorded use is in an English memoir of the Peninsular War (1807). The term sometimes is similar to summary justice. It has an implied lack of judicial neutrality, as noted in the transcripts of the trial at Nuremberg of Josef Bühler.
Death by burning

**Death by burning** (also known as **immolation**) is an execution method involving combustion or touching to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of capital punishment. Many societies have used it as punishment for crimes such as treason, heresy and witchcraft. The best known execution of this type is **burning at the stake** where the condemned is tied to a big wooden stake and a fire lit under them.

Macrophage cells accumulate at the site of the burn. Macrophages in turn stimulate the production of cytokines, TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor), reactive nitrogen intermediates, and interleukins-6. Macrophages undergo phagocytosis of damaged cells and cellular debris. TNF- alpha induces apoptosis of damaged cells.

## Other websites

- CapitalPunishmentUK.org
- List of deaths by fire throughout history
James Montgomery (colonel)

**James Montgomery** (December 22, 1814 – December 6, 1871) was a Jayhawker during Bleeding Kansas. He was also a controversial Union colonel during the American Civil War. Montgomery was a strong supporter of abolitionist ideas and individual liberty, and he used extreme actions against pro-slavery people.

## Early life and Bleeding Kansas

James Montgomery was born on December 22, 1814 in Austinburg, Ashtabula County, Ohio; his parents were James and Mary Baldwin Montgomery.  He moved to Kentucky in 1837 with his parents, and he taught school there. He married, but his first wife died shortly after the wedding, so he married again to Clarinda Evans.  They moved to Pike County, Missouri in 1852, and then to Jackson County, and finally to Bates County while waiting for Kansas to be open to settlement.

In 1854 Montgomery bought land near present-day Mound City, Kansas. There, he became a leader of local Free-state men and was a strong abolitionist. In 1857 he organized and led a "Self-Protective Company", using it to move pro-slavery people out of the area. Fights with other pro-slavery people led territorial governor James W. Denver to send U.S. Army soldiers in to restore order.  Montgomery sometimes worked with the abolitionist John Brown and thought about doing a raid to rescue Brown after his capture in Virginia, but snow in Pennsylvania upset his plan.

## Civil War

On July 24, 1861, Montgomery was hired as a colonel of the 3rd Kansas Infantry of U.S. Senator James H. Lane's Kansas brigade, with Montgomery as second-in-command of the brigade.

## Later life

After the war, Montgomery went back to his farm in Linn County, Kansas, where he died on December 6, 1871.

## Other websites

- Civil War St. Louis website, article about Jayhawking by Castel
- Col. James Montgomery from Cutler's _History of the State of Kansas_
- Clan Montgomery Society International Genealogical Database
- James Montgomery at the Battle of Olustee

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: James Montgomery
- **birth place**: Austinburg, Ohio, Austinburg, Ohio
- **death place**: Linn County, Kansas, Linn County, Kansas
- **resting place**: National Cemetery, Mound City, Kansas
- **image**: JasMontgomery.jpg
- **caption**: James Montgomery, ca. 1858
- **party**: Free State Party (Until 1859)
GOP, Republican Party (1859-1871)
- **allegiance**: United States of America
- **branch**: United States Army
Union Army
- **serviceyears**: 1861–1865
- **rank**:  Colonel (United States), Colonel
- **commands**: 3rd Regiment Kansas Volunteer Infantry, 3rd Kansas Infantry
2nd Regiment South Carolina Volunteer Infantry (African Descent), 2nd South Carolina
6th Regiment Kansas Militia Infantry, 6th Kansas State Militia
- **battles**: American Civil War
* Sacking of Osceola
* Raid at Combahee Ferry
* Battle of Olustee
* Battle of Westport
Charles R. Jennison

**Charles Rainsford Jennison** also known as **"Doc" Jennison** (June 6, 1834 – June 21, 1884) was a member of the anti-slavery group during Bleeding Kansas. He was also a famous Jayhawker, and a member of the Kansas State Senate in the 1870s. He later served as a Union colonel and as a leader of Jayhawker militias during the American Civil War.

## Early life and Bleeding Kansas

Charles R. Jennison was born on June 6, 1834 in Antwerp, Jefferson County, New York.  His family moved to Wisconsin in 1846 where Jennison studied medicine.  Marrying at 20 years old, Dr. Jennison moved to Osawatomie, Kansas in 1858 and to Mound City, Kansas shortly thereafter.  Jennison was considered the most brutal jayhawkers.  Whereas some other importnat leaders of irregulars in the Bleeding Kansas border conflict shared these traits, Jennison was different because he plundered for personal gain.  Jennison worked with James Montgomery in opposing pro-slavery settlers and irregulars believed to be working with Border Ruffians.

## Civil War

Even before the start of the war, Jennison became a captain of the Mound City Guards on February 19, 1861.

## After the war

Jennison was elected to the Kansas Legislature from Leavenworth County in 1865, re-elected in 1867, and elected to the Kansas State Senate in 1872. He died at Leavenworth, Kansas June 21, 1884.

## Other websites

- Civil War St. Louis website, article about Jayhawking by Castel
- 7th Regiment Kansas Cavalry from Cutler's _History of the State of Kansas_
- 15th Regiment Kansas Cavalry from Cutler's _History of the State of Kansas_
- "White Radicals for Racial Equality: An Intercultural Perspective on the Kansas Free State Struggle, 1854-1864" by, Charles Reitz

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Charles Rainsford Jennison
- **birth place**: Antwerp (town), New York, Antwerp, New York (state), New York
- **death place**: Leavenworth, Kansas, Leavenworth, Kansas
- **image**: Col. Charles R. Jennison.jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Charles R. Jennison as a Union Colonel
- **nickname**: "Doc"
- **allegiance**: United States of America
- **party**: GOP, Republican
- **serviceyears**: 1861–1864
- **rank**:  Colonel (United States), Colonel
- **commands**: 7th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, Jennison's Jayhawkers (7th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry)
15th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, 15th Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
George Henry Hoyt

**George Henry Hoyt** (November 25, 1837 – February 2, 1877) was an abolitionist and attorney for John Brown. During the American Civil War, he served as a Union cavalry officer and captain of the Kansas Red Leg scouts. He became a brevet brigadier general by war's end. Following the war, Hoyt served as the sixth Attorney General of Kansas.

## Early life and John Brown's Trial

George Henry Hoyt was born in Athol, Massachusetts, on November 25, 1837. He was the only surviving son of Athol physician and abolitionist George Hoyt and his wife Avelina Witt Hoyt. In 1851, the Hoyts moved to Boston, where George studied law. Lysander Spooner, abolitionist anarchist and good friend of Dr. Hoyt, strongly influenced young George's views of abolition, as did radical orator Wendell Phillips.

## Later life

Hoyt died in Athol on February 2, 1877, aged 39.

## Other websites

- 7th Regiment Kansas Cavalry from Cutler's _History of the State of Kansas_
- 15th Regiment Kansas Cavalry from Cutler's _History of the State of Kansas_

## Infobox (politician)

- **image**: Hoyt - AG Photo.jpg
- **caption**: George H. Hoyt, ca. 1864
- **name**: George Henry Hoyt
- **order**: 6th
- **office**: Kansas Attorney General
- **term start**: January 14, 1867
- **term end**: January 11, 1869
- **governor**: Jerome D. Brumbaugh
Addison Danford
- **preceded**: Jerome D. Brumbaugh
- **succeeded**: Addison Danford
- **birth place**: Athol, Massachusetts, Athol, Massachusetts
- **death place**: Athol, Massachusetts
- **spouse**: Mary Anzonette Cheney
- **profession**: Lawyer, Attorney, Union Army, Union soldier
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
William T. Anderson

**William T. Anderson** (1840 – October 26, 1864), also known as **"Bloody Bill" Anderson**, was one of the deadliest and most famous pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. Anderson led a group of volunteer rangers who attacked Union loyalists and federal soldiers in the states of Missouri and Kansas.

## Early life

William T. Anderson was born in 1840 in Hopkins County, Kentucky, to William C. and Martha Anderson. His siblings were Jim, Ellis, Mary Ellen, Josephine and Janie. His schoolmates remembered him as a well-behaved, quiet child.  During his childhood, Anderson's family moved to Huntsville, Missouri, where his father got a job on a farm, and the family became well-respected. In 1857, they moved to the Kansas Territory, going southwest on the Santa Fe Trail and settling  east of Council Grove.

The Anderson family supported slavery, though they did not own slaves. They moved to Kansas most likely for economic rather than political reasons.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: William T. Anderson
- **image**: Bloody-bill-anderson.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Anderson,  summer 1864
- **birth date**: 1840
- **placeofburial**: Pioneer Cemetery
Richmond, Missouri
- **birth place**: Hopkins County, Kentucky, Hopkins County, Kentucky
- **death place**: Orrick, Missouri, Albany, Missouri
- **nickname**: Bloody Bill
- **branch**: Partisan Ranger Act, Partisan rangers
- **serviceyears**: 1863–64
- **rank**: Captain (United States O-3), Captain
- **unit**: Quantrill's Raiders
Steven Cohen

**Steve A. Cohen** (born June 11, 1956 in Great Neck, New York) is an American billionaire investor, hedge fund manager, philanthropist, and art collector. He is the founder of ***Point72 Asset Management*** and the now-closed ***S.A.C. Capital Advisors***. Both funds are based in Stamford, Connecticut. In 2020, he became the owner of New York Mets.

## Related pages

- Bill Ackman
- Paul Tudor Jones
- Irving Kahn
- Ray Dalio
- Warren Buffett

## Other websites

- Point72 Asset Management website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Steve A. Cohen
- **other names**: Steve Cohen
- **birth place**: Great Neck, New York
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **alma mater**: The Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania
- **occupation**: Hedge fund manager
- **known for**: Founding and leading:
S.A.C. Capital Advisors &
Point72 Asset Management
Insider Trading Record Fine $1.8bn
- **net worth**: US$14.1 billion (February 2020)
- **spouse**: ,

- **children**: 7
Frank James

**Alexander Franklin "Frank" James** (January 10, 1843 – February 18, 1915) was a Confederate soldier and guerrilla; in the post-Civil War period, he was an outlaw. The older brother of outlaw Jesse James, Frank was also part of the James–Younger Gang.

## Other websites

- Official website for the Family of Frank & Jesse James: Stray Leaves, A James Family in America Since 1650
- John Koblas, author of several Jesse James books
- A short profile of the James brothers
- Biographical information for the James Family
- The James brothers' familiar connection to other notorious outlaws
- An examination of the James Legend
- Summary of the Battle of Wilson's Creek where Frank fought
- Summary of the Battle of Lexington where Frank fought
- A history of Missouri during the Civil War
- A site devoted to the Missouri Partisan Rangers and their history
- A description of the raid at Lawrence, Kansas

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frank James
- **image**: Frank James.jpg
- **caption**: James in 1898
- **birth name**: Alexander Franklin James
- **birth place**: Kearney, Missouri, Clay County, Missouri, U.S.
- **death place**: Clay County, Missouri
- **spouse**: Annie Ralston James
- **children**: 1
William E. Miller

**William Miller** was an American politician from the state of New York who served in the US House for 7 terms from 1951 to 1965. Miller was a conservative Republican. In 1964, he ran for president but lost the primaries to fellow conservative Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. Miller was Goldwater's running mate. He also served as the 44th Chair of the Republican National Committee.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: William E. Miller
- **image**: William E. Miller.jpg
- **caption**: Miller
- **office**: 44th Chair of the Republican National Committee
- **term start**: June 2, 1961
- **term end**: June 15, 1964
- **predecessor**: Thruston Ballard Morton, Thruston Morton
- **successor**: Dean Burch
- **office2**: 11th Chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee
- **term start2**: 1960
- **term end2**: 1961
- **predecessor2**: Richard M. Simpson
- **successor2**: Bob Wilson (politician), Bob Wilson
- **office3**: Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from New York (state), New York
- **constituency3**: (1951–1953)
 (1953–1965)
- **term start3**: January 3, 1951
- **term end3**: January 3, 1965
- **predecessor3**: William L. Pfeiffer
- **successor3**: Henry P. Smith III
- **office4**: District Attorney of Niagara County, New York
- **term start4**: 1948
- **term end4**: 1951
- **predecessor4**: John S. Marsh
- **successor4**: Jack E. Gellman
- **birth name**: William Edward Miller
- **birth place**: Lockport (city), New York, Lockport, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Buffalo, New York, U.S.
- **restingplace**: Arlington National Cemetery
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 4, including Stephanie Miller, Stephanie
- **education**: University of Notre Dame (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Albany Law School (Bachelor of Laws, LLB)
- **unit**: Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army, Judge Advocate General's Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1942–1946
- **rank**: First lieutenant#U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Air Force, First Lieutenant
- **battles**: World War II
Wisconsin's 8th congressional district

**Wisconsin's 8th congressional district** is a district in Northeast Wisconsin, represented by Republican Mike Gallagher of Green Bay, Wisconsin.

## Politics

The district is quite politically conservative. In the 2018 Election, when it voted to elect a Representative, Republican Mike Gallagher trounced Democrat Beau Liegeois, winning nearly two-thirds of the vote. It last elected a Democrat for the US House in 2008.
Wisconsin Senate

The **Wisconsin State Senate** is the upper house of the Wisconsin Legislature. It has 33 seats. Currently, Republicans have the majority with 19 seats. Democrats have 14 seats. Their pay is $50,950 a year.

The President of the Senate is Republican Roger Roth. The Majority Leader is Republican Scott L. Fitzgerald. The Minority Leader is Democrat Janet Bewley.

It is in the Wisconsin State Capitol in Madison, Dane County, Wisconsin.

## Other websites

- Official website
Val-de-Vie

**Val-de-Vie** is a commune. It is found in the region Normandy in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery (the seat), La Brévière, La Chapelle-Haute-Grue and Saint-Germain-de-Montgommery.
Saint-Benoît, Aude

**Saint-Benoît** is a commune of 105 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Benoît
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: St-benoit-2019 (4).jpg
- **caption**: The church and surroundings in Saint-Benoît
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Benoît (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Limoux
- **canton**: La Haute-Vallée de l'Aude
- **insee**: 11333
- **postal code**: 11230
- **mayor**: Serge Bacave
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes des Pyrénées Audoises, Pyrénées Audoises
- **elevation m**: 450
- **elevation min m**: 406
- **elevation max m**: 766
- **area km2**: 21.31
Saint-Couat-d'Aude

**Saint-Couat-d'Aude** is a commune of 404 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Couat-d'Aude
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Église Saint Cucufat.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Saint-Couat-d'Aude
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Couat-d'Aude (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Narbonne
- **canton**: La Montagne d'Alaric
- **insee**: 11337
- **postal code**: 11700
- **mayor**: Solange Sanchis-Forin
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Piémont d'Alaric
- **elevation m**: 75
- **elevation min m**: 48
- **elevation max m**: 96
- **area km2**: 5.38
Saint-Couat-du-Razès

**Saint-Couat-du-Razès** is a commune of 51 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Couat-du-Razès
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: St-couat-du-razes-2019 (2).jpg
- **caption**: A general view of Saint-Couat-du-Razès
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Couat-du-Razès (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Limoux
- **canton**: La Région Limouxine
- **insee**: 11338
- **postal code**: 11300
- **mayor**: Frédéric Sadori
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Limouxin et Saint-Hilairois
- **elevation m**: 320
- **elevation min m**: 340
- **elevation max m**: 681
- **area km2**: 6.4
Saint-Denis, Aude

**Saint-Denis** is a commune of 512 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Denis
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Entrée de Saint- Denis (Aude) route de Brousses et Villaret.jpg
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Denis (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Carcassonne
- **canton**: La Malepère à la Montagne Noire
- **insee**: 11339
- **postal code**: 11310
- **mayor**: Raymond Sentenac
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Cabardès Montagne Noire
- **elevation m**: 528
- **elevation min m**: 280
- **elevation max m**: 645
- **area km2**: 8.21
Sainte-Camelle

**Sainte-Camelle** is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## References

- INSEE
- Sainte-Camelle on ING

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Camelle
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Carcassonne
- **canton**: La Piège au Razès
- **insee**: 11334
- **postal code**: 11410
- **mayor**: Bernard Vidal
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Hers et Ganguise
- **elevation m**: 230
- **elevation min m**: 227
- **elevation max m**: 360
- **area km2**: 9.52
Sainte-Colombe-sur-l'Hers

**Sainte-Colombe-sur-l'Hers** is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Colombe-sur-l'Hers
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Town Hall Sainte Colombe sur l'Hers.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Sainte-Colombe-sur-l'Hers
- **arrondissement**: Limoux
- **canton**: La Haute-Vallée de l'Aude
- **insee**: 11336
- **postal code**: 11230
- **mayor**: Lucien Clergue
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Chalabrais
- **elevation m**: 400
- **elevation min m**: 389
- **elevation max m**: 764
- **area km2**: 10.61
Sainte-Eulalie, Aude

**Sainte-Eulalie** is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Eulalie
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Sainte-Eulalie (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Carcassonne
- **canton**: La Malepère à la Montagne Noire
- **insee**: 11340
- **postal code**: 11170
- **mayor**: Jean-Paul Pouzens
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Cabardès-Canal du Midi
- **elevation m**: 119
- **elevation min m**: 109
- **elevation max m**: 134
- **area km2**: 6.5
BMW M3

The **BMW M3** is a high-performance version of the BMW 3 Series. It has been produced for every generation since the E30 M3 was introduced in 1986.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: BMW M3
- **image**: 2024 BMW M3 CS xDrive Auto 4.jpg
- **manufacturer**: BMW M, BMW M GmbH
- **production**: 1986–2018
 2020–present
- **class**: Compact executive car (D-segment, D)
- **layout**: Front-engine, rear-wheel drive layout, Front-engine, rear-wheel drive
- **related**: BMW 3 Series
BMW M4
Sainte-Valière

**Sainte-Valière** is a commune of 563 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Sainte-Valière
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Sainte-Valière.jpg
- **caption**: A general view of Sainte-Valière
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Sainte-Valière (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Narbonne
- **canton**: Le Sud-Minervois
- **insee**: 11366
- **postal code**: 11120
- **mayor**: Viviane Durand
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Canal du Midi en Minervois
- **elevation m**: 80
- **elevation min m**: 28
- **elevation max m**: 115
- **area km2**: 6.39
Saint-Ferriol

**Saint-Ferriol** is a commune of 116 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Ferriol
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Castle of Saint-Ferriol002.JPG
- **caption**: The chateau in Saint-Ferriol
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Saint-Ferriol (Aude).svg
- **arrondissement**: Limoux
- **canton**: La Haute-Vallée de l'Aude
- **insee**: 11341
- **postal code**: 11500
- **mayor**: Fernand Grauby
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Aude en Pyrénées
- **elevation m**: 400
- **elevation min m**: 273
- **elevation max m**: 634
- **area km2**: 9.85
NA-95 (Mianwali-I)

**NA 95** (Mianwali I) is a National Assembly constinuency in Pakistan.
|Member|Since|Last Election|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Imran Khan|2018|2018|
Areas involved: Isa Khel, Daud Khel, Kalabagh and some areas of Mianwali Tehsil.

Members of This Constinuency from 2018.

|Party|Candidate|Votes|
| --- | --- | --- |
|PTI|Imran Khan|163,538|
|PML-N|Obaidullah Shadikhel|50,015|
|TLP|Touqeer Ul Husnain Shah|16,712|
|IND|Nawab Malik Amir Muhammad Khan|7,163|
|MMA|Amir Ullah|2,331|
|PPPP|Muhammad Khalid Khan|1,588|
|Others|6 Candidates|3,348|
Arcenant

**Arcenant** is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department.
Orain

**Orain** is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department.
Saint-Frichoux

**Saint-Frichoux** is a commune of 255 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Saint-Frichoux
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Saint-Frichoux - Mairie.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall in Saint-Frichoux
- **arrondissement**: Carcassonne
- **canton**: Le Haut-Minervois
- **insee**: 11342
- **postal code**: 11800
- **mayor**: Roger Cominelli
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Haut Minervois
- **elevation m**: 125
- **elevation min m**: 51
- **elevation max m**: 100
- **area km2**: 6.33
The Happy Years

***The Happy Years*** is a 1950 American romantic comedy movie directed by William A. Wellman and is based on the novel _The Varmint_ by Owen Johnson. It stars Dean Stockwell, Darryl Hickman, Scotty Beckett, Leon Ames, Leo G. Carroll, Robert Wagner. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

## Plot

John Humperdink Stover, a troublemaker expelled from several schools, gets one last chance at a new academy to mature and receive a proper education. He befriends Tough McCarty and Tennessee Shad but continues to fight and play pranks on Connie Brown. Facing expulsion again, Stover has a change of heart and decides to reform, making his father proud.

## Reception

According to MGM records, the movie earned $680,000 in the US and Canada and $175,000 elsewhere, making a loss of $1,096,000 for the studio.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Happy Years
- **director**: William Wellman
- **producer**: Carey Wilson (writer), Carey Wilson
- **writer**: Harry Ruskin
- **starring**: Dean Stockwell
Darryl Hickman
Scotty Beckett
Leon Ames
Margalo Gillmore
- **music**: Leigh Harline
- **cinematography**: Paul C. Vogel
- **color process**: Technicolor
- **editing**: John Dunning (film editor), John Dunning
- **studio**: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
- **distributor**: Loews Cineplex Entertainment, Loew's, Inc.
- **released**: 1950
- **runtime**: 109-110 mins
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **budget**: $1,393,000
- **gross**: $855,000
Androsexuality

**Androsexuality** is a sexual orientation describing one's sexual attraction to men or masculinity, regardless of gender identity. It is the reverse of gynesexuality.
Gynesexuality

**Gynesexuality** or **gynosexuality** is a sexual orientation describing one's sexual attraction towards women, female individuals or to femininity, regardless of gender identity. It is the opposite of androsexuality.
Pofatu Database

The **Pofatu Database** is a resource for archaeologists and contains contextual and geochemical information on rock material and stone artefacts. This is used by archaeologists to determine the source of the material. In the spring of 2020, the data contained over 7700 samples from sites in the Pacific Ocean region. The samples are from both archaeological sites and geological sites. The geological samples are used for comparison, to identify the source of the archaeological samples. In addition, information on provenience, context, analytical methods and bibliography are maintained. "The database also provides instrumental details, analytical procedures and reference standards used for calibration purposes or quality control." The open-access database is supported by CNRS<nowiki/>and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft and was built in collaboration with research organizations from Australia, New Zealand, Germany, and the United States.

The database uses an open-source storage system (GitHub) and file formats that are common and non-proprietary.
This makes it easy to access and use the data and to retest it. Access to Pofatu is at  The data can be seen in the Pofatu web application.

## Other websites

- https://pofatu.clld.org/
Pink Elephants on Parade

"**Pink Elephants on Parade**" is a song from the 1941 movie _Dumbo_. It happens when Dumbo becomes drunk from drinking water mixed with champagne.
Moya Brennan

**Moya Brennan** (born **Máire Ní Bhraonáin** on 4 August 1952 in Gweedore, County Donegal, Ireland) is an Irish singer. She is famous for being a member of the folk group Clannad.

## Related pages

- Clannad

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Moya Brennan
- **background**: solo_singer
- **image**: Mairebrennan2.jpg
- **birth name**: Máire Ní Bhraonáin
- **birth place**: Gweedore, County Donegal, Ireland
- **genre**: New Age
- **years active**: 1970–present
- **label**: Universal
Fingers (1978 movie)

***Fingers*** is a 1978 American crime drama movie directed by James Toback and starring Harvey Keitel, Danny Aiello, Tanya Roberts, Jim Brown, Michael V. Gazzo, Tisa Farrow, Sam Coppola. It was distributed by Brut Productions and remake in 2005 as French movie _The Beat That My Heart Skipped_.
Chasseur (sauce)

***Sauce chasseur***, sometimes called "hunter's sauce", is a simple or compound brown sauce used in French cuisine. It is usually made using demi-glace or an espagnole sauce as a base, and often includes mushrooms and shallots. It may also include tomatoes and a finishing of fines herbes. Today, a simplified version of the sauce is produced industrially. This is what most people will associate with 'sauce chasseur'.

## History

Chasseur is named after the French word for "hunter", hinting at the traditional pairings of mushrooms with venison, rabbit, wild fowl, and other game meats. Traditionally, while returning from the hunt, the hunters picked the mushrooms they would use to prepare the game meat.

_Chasseur_ is thought to have been invented by Philippe de Mornay, who is also said to have invented Mornay sauce, Béchamel, sauce Lyonnaise and sauce Porto.
Hickory

**Hickories** are deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaves and large nuts. Hickory flowers are small, yellow-green catkins produced in spring. They are wind-pollinated and self-incompatible.
Report to the Commissioner

***Report to the Commissioner*** is a 1975 American crime drama movie directed by Milton Katselas and based on the novel of the same name by James Mills. It stars Yaphet Kotto, Michael Moriarty, Richard Gere, Susan Blakely, Hector Elizondo and William Devane and was distributed by United Artists.
Annie Get Your Gun (movie)

***Annie Get Your Gun*** is a 1950 American musical movie directed by George Sidney is based on the 1946 musical of the same name. It stars Betty Hutton, Howard Keel, Louis Calhern, Keenan Wynn, J. Carroll Naish and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 4 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1951.
Born Yesterday

***Born Yesterday*** is a 1950 American comedy movie directed by George Cukor and based on the 1946 play of the same name by Garson Kanin. It stars Judy Holliday, Broderick Crawford, William Holden, Howard St. John and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1951 and was remade in 1993.
Broken Arrow (1950 movie)

***Broken Arrow*** is a 1950 American western movie directed by Delmer Daves and based on the 1947 novel _Blood Brother_ by Elliott Arnold. It stars James Stewart, Jeff Chandler, Debra Paget, Basil Ruysdael, Will Geer and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1951.
Francis the Talking Mule

***Francis the Talking Mule*** is a 1950 American fantasy comedy movie directed by Arthur Lubin and is the first movie in the series of novels by David Stern. It stars Donald O'Connor, Patricia Medina, Chill Wills, Tony Curtis, Frank Faylen, Robert Warwick and was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Mohawk (movie)

***Mohawk*** is a 1956 American historical drama movie directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Scott Brady, Rita Gam, Neville Brand, Lori Nelson, Allison Hayes, John Hoyt, John Hudson. It was distributed by the 20th Century Fox.
American Enterprise Institute

The **American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research**, also known as the **American Enterprise Institute** (**AEI**), is a think tank in Washington, D.C. that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. AEI is an independent nonprofit organization supported mostly by grants and donations from foundations, corporations, and people.

It was created in 1938. AEI's stated goal is "to defend the principles and improve the institutions of American freedom and democratic capitalism—limited government, private enterprise, individual liberty and responsibility, vigilant and effective defense and foreign policies, political accountability, and open debate". AEI mostly believes in conservatism and neoconservatism, although it is officially non-partisan (does not officially support any political party).

AEI is governed by a Board of Trustees that has 28 members. It is made up of executives and former executives from various corporations. Approximately 185 authors are associated with AEI.

## Other websites

- Organizational Profile – National Center for Charitable Statistics (Urban Institute)
- EDIRC listing (provided by RePEc)
- Christopher DeMuth, "Think-Tank Confidential: What I learned during two decades as head of America's most influential policy shop", _The Wall Street Journal_, October 11, 2007

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: American Enterprise Institute
- **image**:

- **caption**: The AEI building near DuPont Circle in Washington, D.C.
- **size**: 150px
- **abbreviation**: AEI
- **type**: Public policy think tank
- **headquarters**: Washington, D.C.
- **location**: United States
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Robert Doar
- **tax id**: 53-0218495
- **revenue**: $75,066,910
- **revenue year**: 2016
- **expenses**: $55,822,303
- **expenses year**: 2016
Center for Strategic and International Studies

The **Center for Strategic and International Studies** (**CSIS**) is a think tank in Washington, D.C., in the United States. CSIS was created as the "Center for Strategic and International Studies" of Georgetown University in 1962. The center does policy studies and strategic analyses of political, economic and security issues throughout the world. They specifically focus on issues about international relations, trade, technology, finance, energy and geostrategy.

In the University of Pennsylvania's 2019 _Global Go To Think Tanks Report_, CSIS is ranked the number one think tank in the United States across all subjects, the "Top Defense and National Security Think Tank" in the world, and the 4th best think tank in the world overall. CSIS has been named the number one think tank for Defense and National Security every years since 2013, and has been named the 'Center of Excellence'.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Center for Strategic and International Studies
- **image**:
- **caption**: The CSIS building near Scott Circle in Washington, D.C.
- **abbreviation**: CSIS
- **motto**: Providing strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to decisionmakers
- **type**: Foreign policy think tank
- **tax id**: 52-1501082
- **status**: 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization
- **headquarters**: 1616 Rhode Island Avenue Northwest, Washington, D.C., NW
- **location**: Washington, D.C., United States
- **leader title**: President (corporation), President
- **leader name**: John Hamre, John J. Hamre
- **leader title2**: Chairman, Board of Trustees
- **leader name2**: Thomas Pritzker, Thomas J. Pritzker
- **endowment**: $12,522,632
- **revenue**: $43,431,720
- **revenue year**: 2014
- **expenses**: $38,935,803
- **expenses year**: 2014
- **employees**: 354
- **employees year**: 2014
- **volunteers**: 274
- **volunteers year**: 2014
- **affiliations**: Georgetown University (1962–1987)
Se2grXII

**Se2grXII** originally marked **LXX<sup>IEJ 12</sup>** is a manuscript of the Septuagint dated to the 1st century and written on a parchment in the form of a scroll. This manuscript was found in the Judean Desert, probably in a Nahal Hever cave. This fragment is marked with number 943 on the list of manuscripts of the Septuagint according to the classification of Alfred Rahlfs.

## Characteristic

This manuscript was discovered in August 1952 in the Judean Desert by Bedouins, who claimed to be from Wadi Seiyâl, but nobody knows the exact place of origin. It was bought by the Palestine Archaeological Museum (now the Rockefeller Museum). This manuscript received the designation Se2grXII (the second manuscript from the Seiyâl collection, written in Greek, containing a scroll of twelve minor prophets).

Nine other fragments of the scroll of minor prophets were found in 1961 in "Horror Cave" (cave No. 8 in the Nahal Hever Valley) by a team of Israeli archaeologists led by Jigael Jadin. Therefore, cave No. 8 located south of Qumran is now considered to be almost a reliable place of origin for the scroll. All the fragments set has now been given the name Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever.

This manuscript contains a tetragram in Jonah 3:3.

This manuscript was published by B. Lifschitz from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in the _Israel Exploration Journal_ in 1962. The original designation of the manuscript indicates that the Israel Exploration Journal volume XII was published (LXX<sup>IEJ 12</sup>).

It is stored in the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem (Gr. Se2grXII).
Mercury-Redstone 3

**Mercury-Redstone 3**, or ***Freedom 7***, was the first United States human spaceflight, on May 5, 1961. It was piloted by astronaut Alan Shepard. It was the first flight with people of Project Mercury. The project had the objective of putting an astronaut into orbit around the Earth and returning him safely. Shepard's mission was a 15-minute suborbital flight with the primary goal of demonstrating his ability to withstand the high g-forces of launch and re-entry.
Panteón Francés

The **Panteón Francés de la Piedad** ("French Cemetery of the Mercy") is a cemetery in Mexico City in which several notable people are interred.

It is located in the southern section of the city, adjacent to the medical center, the Centro Medico Metro station, and the Colonia Buenos Aires neighborhood. Note that there is another "Panteón Francés" in the northwest section of the city, near Panteones metro station;  not the same cemetery.
Arcadia Publishing

**Arcadia Publishing** is an American publisher. They publish neighborhood, local, and regional history of the United States in pictorial form. Arcadia Publishing also owns the History Press, which publishes text-driven books on American history and folklore.

## History

It was created in Dover, New Hampshire, in 1993 by United Kingdom-based Tempus Publishing. It became independent after being bought by its CEO in 2004. The company office is in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.

It has a catalog of more than 12,000 titles, and italong with its subsidiary, The History Presspublishes 900 new titles every year.

In May 2017, Arcadia bought Palmetto Publishing Group, a Charleston-based self-publishing service that had been in business since 2015.

In 2018, Arcadia was bought by Lezen, a new company owned by Lili and Michael Lynton.

## The History Press

The History Press is a subsidiary publishing house that is owned by Arcadia. Its books are mostly about "narratives of local heroes, tragic losses, collections of homegrown recipes, historic mysteries, and everything in between."

The History Press was originally a US subsidiary of the UK-based publisher of the same name. In 2014, the US-based part of The History Press was sold to Arcadia Publishing.

### Legendary Locals

_Legendary Locals_ is an imprint of _The History Press_.

## Other websites

- Arcadia Publishing: Expands Distribution to Reach More Readers
- Alexander Street and Arcadia Publishing Launch Local History Collection Containing Hundreds of Thousands of Images and Texts

## Infobox (publisher)

- **name**: Arcadia Publishing
- **parent**: Lezen
- **founded**: 1993
- **country**: United States
- **headquarters**: Charleston, South Carolina
- **distribution**: self-distributed
- **keypeople**: David Steinberger, CEO
- **publications**: Books
- **imprints**: The History Press, Legendary Locals
- **numemployees**: 108
Babruvahana

***Babruvahana*** (also known as ***Babhruvahana*** or ***Babhnu Vahana***) is a character in Vyasa's epic, the _Mahabharata_. He is one of the sons of Arjuna, a Pandava. Chitrangada was his mother. She bore him during the period of his (Arjuna's) exile (refer Arjuna Vanavasa Parva of Mahabharata). Arjuna leaves Chitrangada because  Arjuna's wife Ulupi from the Naga clan betrays him. Ulupi was envious of Arjuna's marriage to Chitrangada. Babruvahana was adopted as the son of his maternal grandfather and reigned at Manipura as his successor. He dwelt there in a palace of great splendour, surrounded with wealth and signs of power. Later he came to know Arjuna was his father, and when he came to see his father, Arjuna did not recognise him and said he was a wanderer. He had a wife, Kimveka from whom he had a son named Aarusha and a daughter named Aarushi.
Riad Ismat

**Mohammad Riad Hussain Ismat** () (11 July 1947 – 13 May 2020) was a Syrian writer, critic and theatre director. He was Minister of Culture from 3 October 2010 to 23 June 2012 during the Bashar al-Assad presidency. He later moved to Chicago where he taught at Columbia College. He was born in Damascus.

Ismat died on 13 May 2020 in Evanston, Illinois from COVID-19, aged 72.
Astrid Kirchherr

**Astrid Kirchherr** (20 May 1938 – 12 May 2020) was a German photographer and artist. She was known for her works with the Beatles  and her photographs of the band's original members – John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Stuart Sutcliffe and Pete Best – during their early days in Hamburg.

Her early work was shown in Hamburg, Bremen, London, Liverpool, Chicago, New York City, Washington, D.C., Tokyo, Vienna and at the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame. She published three limited-edition books of photographs.

Kirchherr was born in Hamburg. She died there on 12 May 2020 from cancer, aged 81.
Dick Taylor

**Richard Clifford Taylor** (born 28 January 1943) is an English rock guitarist and pianist. He best known as the guitarist and founding member of The  Pretty things. Taylor was an early bassist for the Rolling Stones, but left the band to study at Sidcup Art College. He was born in Dartford, Kent.
Judd Trump

**Judd Trump** (born 20 August 1989) is an English snooker player from Bristol who won the World Championship in 2019 and is the world number two. One of 11 players to win all Triple Crown events at least once, he has won 17 ranking titles.

After winning the English Under-13 and Under-15 events and reaching the World Under-21 semi-finals, Judd Trump turned professional in 2005, aged 16. He won his first ranking title at the 2011 China Open, beating Selby 10 - 8 in the final. The following month, he reached the final of the 2011 World Championship, but lost 15 - 18 to John Higgins. He won his first Triple Crown event later that year when he won the 2011 UK Championship, defeating Mark Allen 10 - 8 in the final.

During the 2018 - 2019 snooker season,  he won his first Masters title, defeating Ronnie O'Sullivan 10 - 4 in the final, and completed his Triple Crown by winning his first World Snooker Championship, defeating Higgins 18 - 9. He also became the first snooker player to win over £1 million in prize money in a single season.

## Other websites

- Judd Trump at _worldsnooker.com_
- Global Snooker profile
- PABSA at _www.pabsa.org_

## Infobox (snooker player)

- **name**: Judd Trump
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, MBE
- **image**: Judd Trump May 2015 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Trump at the 2015 World Snooker Championship, 2015 World Championship
- **birth place**: Whitchurch, Bristol, England
- **professional**: 2005–present
- **high ranking**: **List of world number one snooker players, 1** (November–December 2012, February–March 2013, August 2019 – August 2021, October–November 2021)
- **official maximums**: 8
- **ranking wins**: 28
- **minor wins**: 4
- **world champ**: 2019 World Snooker Championship, 2019
Teresa Aquino-Oreta

**Maria Teresa Aquino-Oreta** (born **Maria Teresa Aquino Aquino**) (June 28, 1944 – May 14, 2020), better known as **Tessie Aquino-Oreta**, was a Filipino Liberal politician. She was born in Concepcion, Tarlac. She was a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 1987 to 1998 and Senator from 1988 to 2004.

Aquino-Oreta died on May 14, 2020 in Manila at the age of 75.
Henryk Jaskuła

**Henryk Jaskuła** (22 October 1923 – 14 May 2020) was a Polish yachtsman, sailing captain, and electrical engineer. He was the first Pole to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe. Jaskuła became the third man to circumnavigate the globe non-stop and single-handed on 20 May 1980. He was born in Radziszów, Poland.

Jaskuła died on 14 May 2020 in Przemyśl, Poland at the age of 96.
Khalid Mahmud (judge)

**Allama Khalid Mahmud** (17 October 1925 – 14 May 2020) was a Pakistani Sunni Islamic scholar. He was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. He created the Islamic Academy in Manchester. He was best known for his works related to Finality of the Prophethood. He was born in Lahore.

Mahmood died of problems caused by a fractured hip at a hospital in Manchester on 14 May 2020, aged 94.
Bob Watson

**Robert José Watson** (April 10, 1946May 14, 2020) was an American professional baseball player and sports executive. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Watson was a first baseman and left fielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees and Atlanta Braves from 1966 to 1984. Watson was a two-time All-Star during his playing career.

After retiring as a player, Watson coached for the Oakland Athletics and was general manager for the Astros from 1993 through 1995 and the Yankees from 1995 through 1998. The Yankees won the 1996 World Series.

He was MLB's vice president in charge of discipline and vice president of rules and on-field operations until 2010.

Watson was diagnosed with stage 4 kidney disease in 2016. He died on May 14, 2020 from the disease in Houston at the age of 74.
Claes Borgström

**Claes Gustaf Borgström** (21 July 1944 – 15 May 2020) was a Swedish lawyer and politician. He was Equality Ombudsman (_JämO_) from 2000 until 2007. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party and later joined the Left Party. He was born in Stockholm.

Borgström died in Stockholm on 15 May 2020 from COVID-19, aged 75.
Guido Cerniglia

**Guido Cerniglia** (3 February 1939 – 14 May 2020) was an Italian actor and theatre director. He was born in Palermo, Italy. He was known for his roles in _The Scientific Cardplayer_ (1972), _Alla mia cara mamma nel giorno del suo compleanno_ (1974) and in _Il giustiziere di mezzogiorno_ (1975).

Cerniglia died in Rome on 14 May 2020, aged 81.
Sergio Denis

**Héctor Omar Hoffmann Fenzel**, better known as **Sergio Denis** (16 March 1949 – 15 May 2020) was an Argentine pop singer-songwriter, pianist and actor. He was born in Coronel Suárez, Argentina. His best known songs were _Yo nunca supe más de ti_, _Cada vez que sale el sol_, _Cómo estás, querida_, _Te quiero tanto_ and _Un poco loco_.

He also recorded Spanish versions of songs by Paul McCartney, John Denver, The Mamas & the Papas and Leonard Cohen.

In March 2019, Denis fell while performing at a concert in Tucumán. He suffered from cerebral edema and was in a coma. Denis died of a stroke while in a coma on 15 May 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 71.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Granrex09 (cropped).JPG
- **caption**: Denis in 2009.
- **image size**: 215
- **birth name**: Héctor Omar Hoffmann Fenzel
- **birth place**: Coronel Suárez, Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **instrument**: Vocals, guitar
- **genre**: Pop
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter, composer, actor, author
- **years active**: 1969–2019
- **label**: Columbia Broadcasting System (1969–1975), TK Records, TK (1976) PolyGram (1977–1990) EMI Odeón (1991–1995) and Bertelsmann Music Group, BMG.
- **website**: http://www.sergiodenis.com.ar/
Ernie Gonzalez

**Ernie Gonzalez** (February 19, 1961 – May 15, 2020) was an American professional golfer. He played on the PGA Tour in the 1980s. He won the only title of his career in 1986. He became only the third left-handed golfer to win a Tour event. He was born in San Diego, California.

Gonzalez died on May 15, 2020 in Chicago of Alzheimer's disease-related problems, aged 59.