juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Grelling–Nelson paradox

The **Grelling–Nelson paradox** is a logical paradox, which is a statement that cannot be true or false.

The paradox relates to how adjectives work. All adjectives describe something, including the properties of words. Some adjectives' meanings can also describe a property of themselves. For example, the word _pentasyllabic_ is an adjective that means "having five syllables", which describes the word _pentasyllabic_ because that word does have five syllables. Adjectives that describe themselves are called _autological_. Some adjectives' meanings describe something that is the opposite of themselves. For example, the word _hyphenated_ means "having a hyphen", but the word _hyphenated_ does not have a hyphen in it. Adjectives that describe the opposite of themselves are called _heterological_.

The Grelling–Nelson paradox comes about when you ask whether the word _heterological_ is autological (meaning it describes itself) or heterological (meaning it describes the opposite of itself).
- If it is autological, it describes itself, but since _heterological_ means "describes the opposite of itself", that means it is really describing the opposite of itself. This is a contradiction.
- If it is heterological, it describes the opposite of itself, but that also means it describes itself because _heterological_ means "describes the opposite of itself". That would mean it is autological, so the same contradiction happens again.
This means the word _heterological_ can never be heterological or autological. It also means the sentence "the word _heterological_ is heterological" can never be true or false. Likewise, the sentence "the word _heterological_ is autological" can never be true or false. This is what makes this case a paradox.

The Grelling–Nelson paradox is related to Russell's paradox in set theory, which asks if a set made up of other sets that are not members of themselves can be a member of itself. It works like this. Imagine an adjective being a set of everything that can be described by that adjective. For example, you can understand the adjective _green_ as a set made up of every object that is green. If a word is autological and describes itself, that means it is a member of its own set. On the other hand, if a word is heterological, and describes the opposite of itself, that means it is not a member of its own set. In this way, the word _heterological_ can be understood as being the set of all sets that are not members of themselves, so the Grelling–Nelson paradox becomes the same type of problem as Russell's paradox.
Climax, Minnesota

**Climax** is a city in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 243 in 2020 .

## Geography

It is located on Sand Hill River, a part of the Red River of the North.

U.S. Highway 75 and Minnesota Highway 220 are the main roads.

## Name

Climax was named after a chewing tobacco company.

The slogan is "Climax. More than just a feeling."

A newspaper reported a person from Fertile, Minnesota died in Climax, Minnesota. Her death headline was _Fertile Woman dies in Climax_.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Climax, Minnesota
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Climax, Minnesota street view.jpg
- **imagesize**: 275px
- **image caption**: Broadway (Minnesota State Highway 220, Highway 220) in Climax, including City Hall (2021)
- **image map**: Polk_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Climax_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Climax, Minnesota
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Minnesota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Minnesota, County
- **subdivision name2**: Polk County, Minnesota, Polk
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Jim Litch
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1896
- **established title1**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date1**: August 18, 1897
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 2.429
- **area land km2**: 2.429
- **area water km2**: 0.000
- **area total sq mi**: 0.938
- **area land sq mi**: 0.938
- **area water sq mi**: 0.000
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population est**: 243
- **pop est as of**: 2022
- **population total**: 243
- **population density km2**: 100.05
- **population density sq mi**: 259.06
- **timezone1**: Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **elevation ft**: 866
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 56523
- **area code**: Area code 218, 218
Fertile, Minnesota

**Fertile** ( ) is a city in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 804 in 2020.

Every year, the Polk County Fair is held in Fertile. This is Fertile's main attraction during the summer.

## Name

The city was named after Fertile, Iowa.

Fertile has sand dunes from the former Lake Agassiz. The Fertile Sand Hills are Minnesota's only dunes.

Minnesota State Highways 32 and Minnesota Highway 102 are the main roads.

The Agassiz Recreational Trail goes through the city. It is a 53-mile abandoned railroad.

A newspaper reported a person from Fertile, Minnesota died in Climax, Minnesota. Her death headline was _Fertile Woman dies in Climax_.

## Economy

Most of the business in Fertile comes from farming, hunting, and fishing.

## References

<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fertile
- **settlement type**: City
- **nickname**: "The Flower City"
- **image skyline**: File:Fertile, Minnesota-09.jpg
- **image caption**: Commercial Businesses on Mill Street
- **image map**: Polk_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Fertile_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Fertile, Minnesota
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Minnesota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Minnesota, County
- **subdivision name2**: Polk County, Minnesota, Polk
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 5.38
- **area land km2**: 5.38
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 2.08
- **area land sq mi**: 2.08
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population est**: 788
- **pop est as of**: 2021
- **population total**: 804
- **population density km2**: 149.53
- **population density sq mi**: 387.28
- **timezone1**: Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1135
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 56540
- **area code**: Area code 218, 218
Beerwah, Queensland

**Beerwah, Queensland** is a rural town in the Sunshine Coast Region of Queensland, Australia, located about 80 km north of Brisbane. It had a population of 7,734 people as of the 2021 census.

## Notable people

- Bob Irwin
- Steve Irwin
- Bindi Irwin
Palatalization (phonetics)

**Palatalization** changes a sound so that it is made while the tongue is close to the palate.

In the IPA, the symbol for palatalization is a lowercase superscript _j_, ʲ, and is put after a consonant letter to show that the sound is palatalized (for example [bʲ], which marks a palatalized bilabial plosive).

## Infobox (ipa)

- **above**: Palatalization
- **ipa-number**: 421
- **decimal**: 690
Mnarani ruins

The **Mnarani ruins** are the remains of two mosques  on the Indian Ocean coast of Kenya, south of Malindi. These remains date back to the 15th century.

## Description

The remains of two mosques are located on the southern side of Kilifi Creek. The settlement at the site dates back to the 14th century, and the site also contains a number of tombs.
People left this settlement in the early 17th century, due to a lack of fresh water and attacks by neighbors.

Access to the Mnarani ruins is subject to an entry ticket.

## In popular culture

- The ruins of Mnarani are described in Andrei Gusev's novel _“Невозвращенец”_ (“The Non-Returnee”), in the second part.

## Related pages

- Jumba la Mtwana
- Ruins of Gedi

## Infobox (historic site)

- **name**: Mnarani ruins
- **image**: Mnarani Ruins.jpg
- **caption**: View of the Mnarani ruins
- **location**: Kilifi County, Kenya
- **locmapin**: Kenya
- **map width**: 275
- **map relief**: yes
- **map caption**: Location of the Mnarani ruins
Cesar Aguilar

**Cesar Aguilar** is an American politician. He is a member of the Arizona House of Representatives for the Democratic Party. He was elected in 2022. He was born in Phoenix, Arizona and graduated from Northern Arizona University.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Cesar Aguilar
- **image**: Cesar Aguilar by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Aguilar in 2023
- **office**: Member of the Arizona House of Representatives from the 28th district
- **term start**: January 9, 2023
- **predecessor**: Melody Hernandez
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **website**: https://www.aguilar4az.com/
- **alongside**: Quantá Crews
Preparation

**Preparation** can be

- Preparation (dental), the method by which a tooth is prepared when taking away decay and making a form that will give enough retention for a dental restoration
- Preparation (music), treatment of dissonance in tonal music
- Preparation, Iowa, a ghost town

- Prepared dosage form
- Prepared drug
- Prepared food
- Prepared supplement
- Special modifications to instruments, see
    - Prepared piano
    - Prepared guitar
- Fossil preparation, some kind of work on fossils
- Preparation time, time to prepare speeches in policy debate
- _The Preparation_, a 2017 South Korean movie
- _Preparations_ (album), a 2007 album by Prefuse 73

## Related pages

- Preparation H, popular hemorrhoids medicine
- Preparation for the Gospel, early Christian book
- Prep (disambiguation)
- Preparationism
- Prepare (disambiguation)
- Preparedness (disambiguation)
Vanguard Animation

**Vanguard Films & Animation Studio** or **Vanguard Animation** is an independent American computer animation studio founded in 2002, by producer John H. Williams. known for _Valiant_ in 2005, _Space Chimps_ in 2008 and _Happily N'Ever After_ in 2006. as of 2025, **Vanguard Animation** has notable upcoming films.

## Feature films

|rowspan="2"|Film|rowspan="2"|Release date|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|August 19, 2005|||
|rowspan="2"|January 5, 2007|||
|rowspan="2"|July 18, 2008|||
|October 5, 2010||||
|rowspan="2"|November 4, 2016|||
|October 19, 2018||||
|January 8, 2021||||
|May 28, 2021||||
|August 14, 2020||||
|rowspan="2"|May 12, 2023|||

### Upcoming films

|Title|
| --- |
|_The Bods_|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
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|TBA|
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|TBA|
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|TBA|
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|TBA|
|TBA|

### In development

|Title|
| --- |
|Untitled **Vanguard Animation** film|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
|TBA|
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Oak Grove, Louisiana

**Oak Grove, Louisiana** may refer to:

- Oak Grove, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, an unincorporated community
- Oak Grove, West Carroll Parish, Louisiana, an town
Screw theory

**Screw theory** is a Mathematical formulation of vector pairs used in physics (dynamics of rigid bodies.

Screws are fasteners which twist and move up and down a screw hole because of helical riveting.
We can express this movement in terms of vectors and understand many aspects of how far the screw has turned, gone in or out, etc. from the manipulation of mathematical operations on screws. We usually deal with multiplication of matrices in screw theory.

## See also

- Screw axis
- Newton–Euler equations uses screws to describe rigid body motions and loading.
- Twist (differential geometry)
- Twist (rational trigonometry)
Nahid

**Nahid** is the Persian name for the Iranian goddess Anahita.

**Nahid** can be

- _Nahid_ (movie), 2015 Iranian film
- _Nahid_ (magazine), Ottoman magazine
- Nahid-1, Iranian satellite

## People with the given name

- Nahid Kiani (born 1998), is an Iranian taekwondo practitioner.
- Nahid Islam (born 1998), is a Bangladeshi student activist.
Hussein

**Hussein** is a name.

## Surname

- Qusay Hussein (born 1966),  was an Iraqi politician and military leader
- Saddam Hussein (born 1937), was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary
    - Uday Hussein (born 1964), was the oldest son of Saddam Hussein
- Abdul Razak Hussein (born 1922), was the second Prime Minister of Malaysia
- Nur Hassan Hussein (born 1937), was a Somali politicians
- Osman Hussein (born 1951), is a Sudanese politician
- Abdirizak Haji Hussein (born 1924), was Prime Minister of Somalia from 1964 to1967.

## Givenname

- Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz, was the Sharif of Mecca
- Hussein Salem  (1933), was an Egyptian-Spanish businessman
- Hussein Moheb,  is a Yemeni singer

## Middle name

- Mohamed Hussein Tantawi (born 1935), was an Egyptian field marshal and politician.
- Mohamed Hussein Roble (born 1968), is a Somali politician
Tirhuta script

**Tirhuta**, also called **Mithilakshar** or **Maithili** script, was traditionally used to write the Maithili language, spoken by about 35 million people in the Mithila region. It was also used for writing Sanskrit. Tirhuta belongs to the same script family as Bengali–Assamese, Newari, Odia, and Tibetan.

## History

The _Lalitavistara_, an old Buddhist text, mentions the Vaidehi script. Around the late 600s AD, big changes happened in the writing style used in the northeast of India. This change first appeared in the writings of King Adityasena. Over time, the eastern version of this new script became the Maithili script, which later became popular in places like Assam, Bengal, and Nepal.

The earliest written evidence of the Maithili script comes from the 7th century AD. It appears in inscriptions by King Adityasena on the Mandar Hill Stone in Bounsi, Banka district, Bihar. These inscriptions are now kept in the Baidyanath Temple in Deoghar and are important for understanding the early form of the Maithili script. The script has been used throughout Mithila from Champaran to Deoghar.

## Current status

The use of the Maithili script has been declining over the past 100 years, which has also led to a decline in the culture. Even though Maithili is recognized by the constitution, its growth is held back because the script is not widely used today.

Today, the Maithili language is mostly written in the Devanagari script, but the Tirhuta script is still occasionally used by religious pundits and culturally aware families for ceremonial letters (pātā), documents, and cultural events, with ongoing efforts to revive and expand its use.

Maithili was officially recognized as one of Nepal’s 14 provincial languages and was added to the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution in 2003, confirming its status as an independent language. However, only the Devanagari script is officially used today.

### Consonant letters

Tirhuta script uses its own signs for the positional decimal numeral system.

## Unicode

Tirhuta script was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2014 with the release of version 7.0.

## Infobox (writing system)

- **type**: Abugida
- **name**: Tirhuta
- **altname**: 𑒞𑒱𑒩𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒰
- **sample**: Tirhuta script.svg
- **image size**: 160px
- **languages**: Maithili language, Maithili, Sanskrit
- **time**: c. 7th century–present day
- **fam1**: Proto-Sinaitic script
- **fam2**: Phoenician alphabet
- **fam3**: Aramaic alphabet
- **fam4**: Brahmi script, Brāhmī
- **fam5**: Gupta script, Gupta
- **fam6**: Siddhaṃ alphabet, Siddhaṃ
- **fam7**: Gaudi script, Gaudi
- **sisters**: Bengali–Assamese script, Bengali–Assamese, Odia script, Odia
- **iso15924**: Tirh
- **unicode**: [https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U11480.pdf U+11480–U+114DF]

[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11175r-tirhuta.pdf Final Accepted Script Proposal]
- **note**: none
Ovidio Guzmán López

**Ovidio Guzmán López** (born 29 March 1990), better known as **El Ratón**_,_ is a Mexican former drug lord and former high-ranking member of the Sinaloa Cartel, a criminal group based in the state of Sinaloa. He is the son of the drug lord Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, Mexico's most-powerful drug lord.

López was suspected of being a leader within a Sinaloa Cartel faction often referred to as Los Chapitos. He was captured on 5 January 2023 and remanded to Federal Social Readaptation Center No. 1, until he was extradited to the U.S. on 15 September 2023, where he was awaiting trial. In 2025, López pleaded guilty to drug trafficking and running drug-cartel operations.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Ovidio Guzmán López
- **image**: Wanted Poster, Ovidio Guzmán López (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: Wanted Poster, Ovidio Guzmán López
- **birth name**: Ovidio Guzmán López
- **birth place**: Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
- **other names**: _El Ratón_
_El Nuevo Ratón_
- **criminal charge**: Conspiracy to Distribute 5 Kilograms or More of Cocaine, 500 Grams or More of Methamphetamine, and 1,000 Kilograms or More of Marijuana, Intending and Knowing that such substances will be Unlawfully Imported into the United States (21 U.S.C., Title 21 U.S.C. §§ , , and )
- **conviction penalty**: 10 years (Mandatory minimum) to Life
- **conviction status**: Incarcerated in U.S. federal custody
- **parents**: Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, Joaquín Guzmán Loera
- **relatives**: Joaquín Guzmán López (brother), Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar (half-brother), Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar (half-brother)
- **reward amount**: US$5,000,000
- **capture status**: Extradited to U.S.
- **wanted by**: Attorney General of Mexico, FGR
 Federal Bureau of Investigation, FBI, Homeland Security Investigations, HSI
- **country**: Mexico
- **apprehended**: 5 January 2023
- **imprisoned**: Metropolitan Correctional Center, Chicago, MCC Chicago (pretrial)
- **allegiance**: Sinaloa Cartel
- **honorific suffix**: El Ratón
Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar

**Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar** (born 15 August 1983), better known as **El Chapito**, is a Mexican drug lord who succeeded his imprisoned father Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán as the leader of the Sinaloa Cartel in 2017.

According to U.S. government sources and observers of the narcotics trade, Iván Archivaldo, his brother Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar and half-brothers Ovidio Guzmán López and Joaquín Guzmán López have taken over the faction of the cartel previously led by their father. They are commonly referred to as the "Los Chapitos."  Ovidio Guzmán López was apprehended on 5 January 2023 and extradited to the U.S. where he is now imprisoned on drug trafficking charges, while Joaquín Guzmán López was apprehended on the 25 July 2024 and is currently going through court procedures.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **image**: IAGS  Wanted Poster.jpg
- **caption**: Wanted Poster for Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar
- **birth place**: Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
- **other names**: “El Chapito”
 “El Tocallo”
 “El Menor”
- **parents**: Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán
Alejandrina Salazar Hernández
- **criminal status**: Wanted
- **birth name**: Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar
- **honorific suffix**: El Chapito
Gulshan Kumar

**Gulshan Kumar Dua** (5 May 1956 – 12 August 1997) was an Indian music and film producer who started the T-Series music label in 1983. By the 1990s, he made T-Series one of the biggest music companies in India.

After Gulshan Kumar's death in 1997, T-Series was taken over by his younger brother Krishan Kumar and his son Bhushan Kumar. His daughters, Tulsi Kumar and Khushalii Kumar, have also followed in his footsteps and become playback singers.

## References

- https://starsunfolded.com/gulshan-kumar/

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gulshan Kumar
- **caption**: Kumar in 1995
- **birth name**: Gulshan Kumar Dua
- **birth place**: Delhi, India
- **death place**: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- **death cause**: Murder
- **years active**: 1972–1997
- **organization**: T-Series (company), T-Series
- **known for**: Founding T-Series
- **children**: Bhushan Kumar (son)
Tulsi Kumar (daughter)
Khushalii Kumar (daughter)
- **family**: List of Hindi film families#Kumar family, Kumar family
Sandeep Raj

**Sandeep Raj** is an Indian film director, screenwriter, producer, and actor primarily known for his work in Telugu films. He gained recognition with his debut film _Colour Photo_ (2020) which received him the National Film Award.

## Career

Sandeep made his first direction with the film _Colour Photo_ starring Suhaas and Chandini, where he received National Film Award.

### As a director

|Year|Title|Notes|Ref.|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2020|_Colour Photo_|Directorial debut||
|2025||||

### As a actor

|Year|Title|Role|Ref.||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2019|_Agent Sai Srinivasa Athreya_|Ajay|||
|2022|_Mishan Impossible_|Farooq|||
|2024|_Ambajipeta Marriage Band_||||
|rowspan="3"|2025|_Daaku Maharaaj_|Manohar Naidu||
|Bhairavam|Puli Ravindra||||
|ALL INDIA RANKERS (A.I.R)|||||

## Personal life

Sandeep born and brought up in Vijayawada. On 7 December 2024, he got married to Chandini Rao.

## Awards and nominations

|Award|Category|work|Result|Ref.||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|National Film Awards|Best Feature Film in Telugu|rowspan="2"|_Colour Photo_|||
|South Indian International Movie Awards|Best Debut Director – Telugu|||||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sandeep Raj
- **birth place**: Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
- **spouse**: Chandini Rao
- **awards**: National Film Awards, National Film Award
- **known for**: Colour Photo
Racial inequality in the United States

**Racial inequality in the U.S.** means that people from different races often face unequal treatment and opportunities. This is largely due to a history of slavery, racism, and unfair systems that still affect people today—especially minority groups.In a 2021 survey, most economists (78%) agreed that economic differences between Black and white Americans are mostly caused by ongoing discrimination. There is a big wealth gap between races. For example, the gap between white and Black families grew from $85,000 in 1984 to $236,500 in 2009. Factors like home ownership, income, unemployment, education, and inheritance contribute to this.

In 1863, Black Americans owned just 0.5% of U.S. wealth. By 2019, that had only risen to about 1.5%. Slavery treated Black people as property. After slavery ended, many were trapped in poverty as sharecroppers. Black Americans were also excluded from programs like homesteading and Social Security. Many lost savings when the Freedman’s Bank collapsed. Because of these setbacks, Black families are less likely to inherit wealth and more likely to support relatives financially.

## Income effects

The racial wealth gap is clear when comparing the earnings and wealth of different racial groups. For instance, middle-class Black Americans make about 70 cents for every dollar a white person in the same class earns. Race is one of the biggest factors in determining wealth.

Researchers Krivo and Kaufman found that when income goes up, it helps white Americans build wealth more than it does for minorities. For example, a $10,000 raise increases home value for white Americans by about $17,770, but only by $15,900 for Black Americans, $15,150 for Hispanics, and $9,500 for Asians.
Anomaloglossus mitaraka

***Anomaloglossus mitaraka*** is a frog.  Scientists found it in French Guiana and Suriname. Scientists think it could also live in Brazil.
Mariliendre

**Mariliendre** is an Spanish comedy-drama television series. It first aired on Atresplayer on 27 April 2025 and stars Blanca Martínez Rodrigo. The programme mixes humour and emotions and focuses on relationships and family life.

## Premise

The main character, Marilì, is a woman who was left by her husband. He left her because he discovered he is gay. Now, Marilì wants to start a new life. She tries to understand herself better and also supports her son, who has his own problems. The programme talks about love, family, and how to accept others.

## Cast

- Chiara Francini as Marilì
- Alessandro Bandini as Andrea
- Giovanni Anzaldo as Gabriele
- Beatrice Schiros as Giada

## Production

The series was made in Spain. It was produced by Atresplayer from the original series produced by Atresmedia TV alongside Suma Content. It has six episodes. It was created by Javier Ferreiro.

## Reception

The programme received good reviews for its mix of humour and sensitive topics. Viewers liked the performance of Chiara Francini and the story about LGBTQ+ themes and acceptance.

## Infobox (television)

- **country**: Spain
- **language**: Spanish
- **num series**: 1
- **num episodes**: 6
- **runtime**: 30 minutes
- **network**: Atresplayer
Mescalero-Chiricahua language

The **Mescalero-Chiricahua language** originated from Apache Tribe in South Central New Mexico between 1000 and 1500 CE. The Apache tribe is known for its fierceness and cunning.

It belongs to the Apachean branch of the Athabaskan language family.

The language is closely related to Navajo and Western Apache; more distantly related to Jicarilla, Plains Apache, and Hupa.
Nazakat Ahmad Ali Shah

**Nazakat Ahmad Ali Shah** (; also known as Nazakat Ali) is a Kashmiri businessman and tourist guide from Baisaran Valley, Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), India. Nazakat Ali was the cousin of Syed Adil Hussain Shah who died to save the lives of many tourists in the 2025 Pahalgam attack.

## Incident

On 22 April 2025, five armed militants attacked the tourists in the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir, killing 26 and injuring more than 20 others, Nazakat Ali saved the daughter of a BJP leader during a terror attack by declaring her his own to a terrorist.He also rescued 11 people safely after the attack, from Chhattisgarh’s Chirmiri town. When the terrorists opened fire, Nazakat Ali didn’t think twice and rushed the group to safety. However, he lost his cousin, Syed Adil Hussain Shah.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nazakat Ahmad Ali Shah
- **native name**: نزاکت احمد علی شاہ
- **native name lang**: ur
- **other names**: Nazakat Ali
- **birth name**: Syed Nazakat Ahmad Ali Shah
- **nationality**: Kashmiri
- **occupation**: Kashmiri businessman and tourist guide
- **known for**: Saved lives of many tourists
ATC code A11

### A11AA Multivitamins with minerals

- A11AA01 Multivitamins and iron
- A11AA02 Multivitamins and calcium
- A11AA03 Multivitamins and other minerals, including combinations
- A11AA04 Multivitamins and trace elements

### A11CA Vitamin A, plain

- A11CA01 Retinol (vitamin A)
- A11CA02 Betacarotene

### A11CC Vitamin D and analogues

- A11CC01 Ergocalciferol
- A11CC02 Dihydrotachysterol
- A11CC03 Alfacalcidol
- A11CC04 Calcitriol
- A11CC05 Colecalciferol
- A11CC06 Calcifediol
- A11CC20 Combinations
- A11CC55 Colecalciferol, combinations

### A11DA Vitamin B<sub>1</sub>, plain

- A11DA01 Thiamine (vitamin B<sub>1</sub>)
- A11DA02 Sulbutiamine
- A11DA03 Benfotiamine

### A11GA Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), plain

- A11GA01 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

### A11GB Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), combinations

- A11GB01 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and calcium

### A11HA Other plain vitamin preparations

- A11HA01 Nicotinamide
- A11HA02 Pyridoxine (vitamin B<sub>6</sub>)
- A11HA03 Tocopherol (vitamin E)
- A11HA04 Riboflavin (vitamin B<sub>2</sub>)
- A11HA05 Biotin
- A11HA06 Pyridoxal phosphate
- A11HA07 Inositol
- A11HA08 Tocofersolan
- A11HA30 Dexpanthenol
- A11HA31 Calcium pantothenate
- A11HA32 Pantethine
Mayfair Witches

**Mayfair Witches** is an American fantasy and horror television series. It started in 2023 and is based on books by Anne Rice. The show tells the story of a woman who learns that she is part of a powerful family of witches.

## Story

Dr. Rowan Fielding is a smart brain surgeon. One day, she finds out she is the new leader of a witch family called the Mayfairs. The family history goes back hundreds of years to the 17th-century in Scotland. Rowan starts to feel new powers and sees strange visions.

She also meets a dark and mysterious being called Lasher. He has a strong connection to her family. As she learns more, Rowan must stop a dangerous curse and protect her family from danger. The story moves between the past and present and mixes magic, family secrets, and mystery.

## Cast

- Alexandra Daddario as Rowan Fielding
- Jack Huston as Lasher
- Tongayi Chirisa as Ciprien
- Beth Grant as Carlotta Mayfair
- Harry Hamlin, Ben Feldman, Alyssa Jirrels, and Olive Abercrombie also appear

## Production

The series was filmed in New Orleans, Louisiana. Some scenes were filmed in the Garden District and at the Lafayette Cemetery No. 1. The old house used as the Mayfair family home is based on the real Soria-Creel House at Prytania Street. The production team worked with locals to show the city in an authentic way.

## Reception

People liked the dark style, the music, and the performance by Alexandra Daddario. Some critics said the story was a little slow, but most liked the mix of horror and fantasy. The series was popular and got a second season in 2024. A third season is planned for 2026, and it will take place in Salem.

### Season 1

1. The Witching Hour
1. The Dark Place
1. Second Line
1. Curiouser and Curiouser
1. The Thrall
1. Transference
1. Tessa
1. What Rough Beast

### Season 2

1. Lasher
1. Ten of Swords
1. Cover the Mirrors
1. Double Helix
1. Julien’s Victrola
1. Michaelmas
1. Tangled Web
1. The Innocents

## Main actress

**Alexandra Daddario** was born on March 16, 1986, in New York City. She became famous for her role in the _Percy Jackson_ movies. She also acted in _True Detective_, _White Lotus_, and movies like _San Andreas_ and _Baywatch_. Since 2023, she plays the lead role in _Mayfair Witches_. She is married to producer Andrew Form, and they had a child in 2024.

## Sources

- Mayfair Witches on Fernsehserien.tv

## Infobox (television)

- **title**: Mayfair Witches
- **original title**: Anne Rice's Mayfair Witches
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 2
- **num episodes**: 16
- **runtime**: about 45 minutes
- **network**: Sky Atlantic
- **first aired**: 2023
- **director**: Axelle Carolyn, Haifaa Al Mansour, Alexis Ostrander, Michael Uppendahl
Hydroperoxide

**Hydroperoxide** is the  functional group: an oxygen atom bonded to another oxygen atom which is itself bonded to a hydrogen atom. Organic compounds that have this group are also called hydroperoxides.

A chemical that has a hydroperoxide connected to an acyl group is called an organic peroxy acid.

Hydroperoxides are chemical unstable compounds. A technical usage of such compounds is the sharpless epoxidation.
Cumene process

The **cumene process** or **Hock process** is a chemical reaction used in the chemical industry. It makes phenol and acetone, two important commodity chemicals, from benzene and propylene. It is named for cumene, which is made as the first step of the process.

The cumene process happens in three steps. First, a Friedel-Crafts reaction attaches the propylene molecule to the benzene ring, making cumene. The cumene is then exposed to oxygen, changing it into cumene hydroperoxide (an autoxidation reaction). Finally, the hydroperoxide goes through a rearrangement reaction called the **Hock rearrangement**, and breaks apart into the phenol and acetone products.

Acid catalysts are needed for both the Friedel-Crafts reaction and the Hock rearrangement.
Dallas Police Department

The **Dallas Police Department**, established in 1881, is the principal law enforcement agency serving the city of Dallas, Texas.

## Other websites

- Dallas Police and Firefighters employee website
- Dallas Black Police Association
- Dallas Police Department memorial 1910
- Dallas K13 Police Department website

## Infobox (law enforcement agency)

- **agencyname**: Dallas Police Department
- **abbreviation**: DPD
- **patch**: Patch of the Dallas Police Department.png
- **patchcaption**: Patch
- **employees**: 3,581 (2020)
- **budget**: $517 m (2020)
- **country**: United States
- **divtype**: State
- **divname**: Texas
- **subdivtype**: City
- **subdivname**: Dallas
- **sizepopulation**: 1,345,076 (2018)
- **legaljuris**: Dallas
- **governingbody**: Dallas City Council
- **headquarters**: 1400 S. Botham Jean Blvd., Dallas, Texas
- **sworntype**: Officers
- **sworn**: 3,168 of 4,000 (_2025_)
- **unsworntype**: Civilians
- **unsworn**: 574 (2020)
- **chief1name**: Daniel C. Comeaux
- **chief1position**: Chief of Police
- **stations**: Source:
- **aircraft1type**: Helicopter
- **aircraft1**: 2
- **boat1type**: Police Boat
- **boats1**: 2
- **vehicle1type**: Marked police cars
- **vehicles1**: 1200
- **vehicle2type**: Unmarked vehicles
- **vehicles2**: 900
- **vehicle3type**: Motorcycles
- **vehicles3**: 40
George Ross (delegate)

**George Ross Jr** (May 10, 1730 – July 14, 1779) was a Founding Father of the United States who signed the Continental Association and the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Pennsylvania. He was also the uncle of the man who married Betsy Griscom in 1773, more famous under her married name, Betsy Ross. In 1952, Ross, George Washington, and Robert Morris appeared on a three-cent stamp commemorating Betsy Ross.George Ross was born in May of 1730 in Newcastle, Delaware, into very large family. His father was a minister, educated at Edenburgh, and the Ross children received a sound classical education at home. George then proceeded to read law at the office of his older brother,Initially a Tory, he served as Crown prosecutor for 12 years from 1768 to 1776. His sympathies began to change, and he became a strong supporter of the colonial assemblies in their disputes with Parliament. In 1768 he was elected to the provincial legislature of Pennsylvania. He was elected to Continental Congress in 1774, 1776, and 1777. He was a colonel in the Continental Army in 1776. In 1776, he undertook negotiations with the northwestern Indians on behalf of his colony, and that year he acted as vice president of the state constitutional convention, so then that led to helping draft a declaration of rights. He was re-elected to the Continental Congress in January 1777 but resigned that same year because of poor health. He was vice president of the Pennsylvania constitutional convention and was the Judge of the Admiralty Court of Pennsylvania in 1779. In 1778, while he was acting as admiralty judge, a congressional court of appeals overruled his decision in a case involving a dispute between a citizen of Connecticut and the state of Pennsylvania. He refused to acknowledge the authority of the higher court to counter state decisions, which initiated a dispute between manifestation of the states' rights controversy and did not subside until 1809. He resigned from the Continental Congress in 1777 because of poor health and was appointed to the Pennsylvania Court of Admiralty where he died in 1779 at age 49. He was buried at Christ Church Burial Ground in Philadelphia.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: George Ross
- **image**: George Ross (NYPL NYPG94-F149-419961) (cropped).tif
- **birth place**: New Castle, Delaware, New Castle, Delaware Colony
- **death place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- **resting place**: Christ Church Burial Ground, Philadelphia
- **known for**: signer of the United States Declaration of Independence
- **signature**: George Ross signature.png
Tsuneko Okazaki

**Tsuneko Okazaki** is a Japanese biologist who discovered Okazaki fragments with her husband. Okazaki fragments are short DNA fragments that indicate newly made DNA.

## Early life

Okazaki was born in 1933. She graduated from Nagoya University, where she got her Ph.D. in biology and met her husband, Reiji Okazaki.

## Career

Okakazi worked with her husband to discover Okazaki fragments. They did not have much money or high-quality materials for their research, but they were still able to make their discovery. Her work was beneficial to many others. She was recognized for advocating for better support for women in science. She also continued to advocate for lower education costs. In 1969, this resulted in her winning the L’OREAL prize sponsored by UNESCO. When her husband died of Leukemia, she continued to research. Her neighbors and family members helped take care of her kids while she worked. Overall, she was a very influential woman in science and helped many people understand the concept of DNA replication.

She won many awards for her actions.
Eth (letter)

The Letter **Eth** comes from the Sumberlandish people In northern Finland to 100 BC to 600 AD the Sumberlandish used "eth" and "ḟ" those 2 letters were a verison of the word "TH" and it used to be called ḟợh and "etợh" ợ was just the two letters "u" and "o" in a word combined it sounded like "oh,cok".
Isatou Ceesay

**Isatou Ceesay** is a Gambian environmental activist and social entrepreneur. Her work convinced two countries, The Gambia and Senegal, to ban plastic bags in 2015. She is the Director of the Gambia Women’s Initiative (WIG).  She began teaching women in her village to recycle trash. They made bags that people could reuse many times.  Ceesay worked with more and more women. Now, she helps women all over The Gambia start businesses that let them earn money to live. Ceesay received the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2011 and the International Alliance for the Defense of Women Award in 2012. Miranda Paul wrote a book about her in 2015.  It is titled One Plastic Bag: Isatou Ceesay and the Recycling Women of The Gambia.

Ceesay was always bothered by garbage around her village, N'Jau. The garbage harmed the environment and the people and animals living there.  Old plastic bags were one of the most common kinds of trash. Ceesay and several other women started the Njau Recycling and Income Generating Group in 1997. A Peace Corps worker from the United States also helped. Her name is Peggy Sedlak. Together they figured out how to clean plastic bags. They cut them into strips of "plarn" (short for "plastic yarn") and crochet them into reusable items. Their nonprofit also helped women earn money by selling the purses and other items they made from old plastic bags.

Some people in their village did not like their organization.  Some people thought it was embarrassing to sort trash to find plastic bags.  Other people did not like women earning money for their families.  They thought earning money was work for men.  The Recycling Centre kept doing its work anyway.

A Swedish non-profit called Future In Our Hands hired Ceesay in 2009.  Her new job allowed Ceesay to work all over the country.  Ceesay used her relationships all over The Gambia to also spread the Recycling Center's ideas to over seventy-five communities around the country. The Recycling Center later changed its name to The Gambia Women’s Initiative.  It now helps women earn money to live by creating different businesses. The businesses are usually environmentally sustainable. Gambia Women’s Initiative has trained more than 5000 women. It is also the longest-running grassroots organization in The Gambia.
Jim Doughan

**James Francis** "**Jim**" **Doughan** ( ) (born August 2, 1959) is an American actor, teacher, and writer, best known for his roles as Detective Doyle in _The Mask_ (1994), Detective Allen and Lucky in _Stuart Little_ (1999), and the soccer coach in _ Stuart Little 2_ (2002). He is currently a performing arts teacher at Harvard-Westlake School in Los Angeles, California.
Poggle the Lesser

**Poggle the Lesser** was the Archduke of Geonosis and a prominent Separatist leader during the Clone Wars. A cunning and ambitious Geonosian, Poggle played a critical role in the formation of the Confederacy of Independent Systems and the early stages of the Clone Wars, including overseeing the construction of key weapons for the Separatist cause.
Freikorps in the Baltic

The **Frekorps in the Baltic** were German volunteer paramilitary units that operated in the Baltic states, mainly Latvia and Estonia. They existed between 1918 and 1920, during the chaotic aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution. These groups were part of the broader German Freikorps movement, composed largely of demobilized German soldiers, nationalists, and anti-communists.
Airbus A330neo

The **A330neo** is a wide body aircraft made by Airbus.

## Infobox (aircraft)

- **name**: Airbus A330neo
- **logo**: Logo Airbus A330neo.svg
- **image**: Airbus A330neo first take-off (cropped).jpg
- **image caption**: The A330-900 on its maiden flight, seen in the Airbus Industrie livery
- **aircraft role**: Wide-body aircraft, Wide-body airliner
- **national origin**: Multi-national
- **manufacturers**: Airbus
- **status**: In service
- **primary user**: Delta Air Lines
- **number built**: 155
- **construction date**: 2015present
- **introduction**: 15 December 2018 with TAP Air Portugal
- **related**: Airbus A330 MRTT, Airbus A330 MRTT+
- **developed from**: Airbus A330
Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar

**Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar** (born 17 May 1986), better known as **Alfredillo**, is a Mexican drug lord and high-ranking member of the Sinaloa Cartel, a criminal group based in the state of Sinaloa. He is the son of the drug lord Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, Mexico's most powerful drug lord. Salazar is suspected of being a leader within a Sinaloa Cartel faction often referred to as Los Chapitos.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **alt**: Wanted Poster
- **parents**: Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, Joaquín Guzmán Loera
Alejandrina María Salazar Hernández
- **relatives**: Joaquín Guzmán López (half-brother), Iván Archivaldo Guzmán Salazar (brother), Ovidio Guzmán López (half-brother)
- **wanted by**: Attorney General of Mexico, FGR
 Federal Bureau of Investigation, FBI, Homeland Security Investigations, HSI
- **allegiance**: Sinaloa Cartel
- **name**: Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar
- **birth name**: Jesús Alfredo Guzmán Salazar
- **image**: File: Jesus Alfredo Guzmán Salazar.jpg
- **other names**: _Alfredito_
 _El Chapito_
- **birth place**: Zapopan, Jalisco, México
- **status**: Wanted
- **honorific suffix**: Alfredillo
Theodor Brinek Jr.

**Theodor Brinek Jr.** (May 9, 1921 – January 24, 2000) was an Austrian football midfielder and later football coach.

## Career

Like his father, Theodor Brinek Sr., Theodor Brinek Jr. also began his football career at SC Wacker Wien. He narrowly missed winning the championship several times during World War II. His most successful timewith Wacker came in the late 1940s with club colleagues like Gerhard Hanappi. In 1947, Theodor Brinek Jr. succeeded in both the championship and the cup.

1953 he moved to France. After two seasons at AS Monaco and another in Switzerland with Servette Geneva, he ended his playing career at Wiener AC. He also played for several clubs in the Viennese lower classes.

## International

He played 17 matches for Austria and scored two goals. His first match was on 10 November 1946 versus Switzerland. His last match was on 26 April 1953 versus Hungary. In this match he was also captain of the team.

## International statistics

|National team|Year|Apps|Goals||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="7"|Austria|1946|2|0|
|1947|3|2|||
|1948|3|0|||
|1949|1|0|||
|1951|1|0|||
|1952|5|0|||
|1953|2|0|||

- _Scores and results list Austria's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each  Brinek goal._

|scope="col"|No.|scope="col"|Date|scope="col"|Venue|scope="col"|Opponent|scope="col"|Score|scope="col"|Result|scope="col"|Competition|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|9 September 1947|Praterstadion ,   Vienna ,   Austria||3-0|5-1|Friendly match||||||||
|2|5-0|||||||||||||

## Manager

By the 1955/56 season, Brinek was not only active on the pitch. He also was active on the coaching bench with the Swiss football club Servette Geneva. Returning to Austria, he also worked as a player-coach for Wiener AC, LASK, and Wacker Innsbruck between 1956 and 1960. Then he was cooach during the 1962–63 season at the Greek first division club Iraklis Saloniki. 1963 he returned to Austria and became a coach again at Wacker Innsbruck, later at Wacker Wien and Kremser Sportclub.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Theodor Brinek
- **image**: Theodor Brinek Jr. (1953).jpg
- **caption**: Theodor Brinek(1953 )
- **fullname**: Theodor Brinek
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 1939-1953
- **years2**: 1953-1955
- **years3**: 1955-1956
- **clubs1**: SC Wacker Wien
- **clubs2**: AS Monaco F.C., AS Monaco
- **clubs3**: Servette FC, Servette Genf
- **clubs4**: Wiener AC
- **nationalyears1**: 1946-1953
- **nationalteam1**: Austria national football team, Austria
- **nationalcaps1**: 17
- **nationalgoals1**: 2
- **manageryears1**: 1955-1956
- **manageryears2**: 1956
- **manageryears3**: 1957-1958
- **manageryears4**: 1959-1960
- **manageryears5**: 1962-1963
- **manageryears6**: 1963-1965
- **manageryears7**: 1965-1966
- **manageryears8**: 1968-1969
- **managerclubs1**: Servette FC, Servette Genf
- **managerclubs2**: Wiener AC
- **managerclubs3**: LASK
- **managerclubs4**: FC Wacker Innsbruck
- **managerclubs5**: Iraklis Saloniki
- **managerclubs6**: FC Wacker Innsbruck
- **managerclubs7**: SC Wacker Wien
- **managerclubs8**: Kremser SC
Al-Fayha FC

**Al-Fayha** is a Saudi Arabian football club from Al-Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia. It was founded on 1953. It currently plays on Saudi Professional League. It currently play home stadium on Al-Majma'ah Sports City.

## History

On 2017, Al-Fayha was promoted to Saudi Professional League for the first time.

On 1 September 2024, Chris Smalling joined Al-Fayha.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Al-Fayha Club
- **fullname**: Al-Fayha Club
- **nickname**: _Al-Burtuqali_ (The Orange)
_Tawahin Sudair_ (The Mills of Sudair)
- **ground**: Al-Majma'ah Sports City
- **capacity**: 7,000
- **chairman**: Tawfiq Al-Modaiheem
- **manager**: Pedro Emanuel
- **league**: Saudi Pro League
- **season**: 2023-24 Saudi Pro League, 2023-24
- **position**: Pro League, 9th of 18
- **current**: 2024–25 Al-Fayha FC season
- **pattern la1**: _pumaflash2122nr
- **pattern b1**: _pumaflash2122nr
- **pattern ra1**: _pumaflash2122nr
- **shorts1**: 0044FF
- **socks1**: F36532
- **pattern la2**: _pumaultimate2122p
- **pattern b2**: _pumaultimate2122p
- **pattern ra2**: _pumaultimate2122p
- **leftarm2**: 000040
- **rightarm2**: 000040
- **shorts2**: 000040
- **socks2**: 000040
- **pattern b3**: _pumavision2122w
- **leftarm3**: FFFFFF
- **body3**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm3**: FFFFFF
- **shorts3**: FFFFFF
- **socks3**: FFFFFF
Dafallah al-Haj Ali

**Dafallah al-Haj Ali** (born 1951) is a Sudanese politician. He became the Acting Prime Minister of Sudan in April 2025 after Osman Hussein's resignation in 2025.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dafallah al-Haj Ali
- **office**: List of heads of government of Sudan, Prime Minister of Sudan
- **status**: Acting
- **president**: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
- **term start**: 30 April 2025
- **term end**: 31 May 2025
- **predecessor**: Osman Hussein
- **successor**: Dr. Kamil Idris
- **birth place**: Jubayt, Sudan, Jubayt, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
<small>(Modern-day Sudan)</small>