juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gilbert Kalish

**Gilbert Kalish** (born July 2, 1935) is an American pianist and educator. He was born in New York City. During his career, Kalish was nominated for three Grammy Awards.

He made the world premiere recordings of Charles Ives' _Largo for Violin and Piano_, _In Re Con Moto et al._, _Largo Risoluto_ No. 1 & 2, _A Set of Three Short Pieces_ (movements: Largo cantabile: Hymn, Scherzo: Holding Your Own, Adagio cantabile: The Innate) and songs _The All-Enduring_, _The Innate_, and _Song (She is not fair)_.

Kalish is Leading Professor and Head of Performance Activities at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. From 1968 to 1997 he was a faculty member of the Tanglewood Music Center.
Aristides Gomes

**Aristides Gomes** (born 8 November 1954) was the Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau, from April 2018 until February 2020. He was previously Prime Minister before from 2 November 2005 to 13 April 2007.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **image**: Aristides Gomes en 2019.jpg
- **name**: Aristides Gomes
- **order**: 14th Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau
- **term start**: 16 April 2018
- **term end**: 28 February 2020
- **president**: José Mário Vaz
- **predecessor**: Artur Silva
- **successor**: Nuno Gomes Nabiam
- **term start1**: 2 November 2005
- **term end1**: 13 April 2007
- **president1**: João Bernardo Vieira
- **predecessor1**: Carlos Gomes Júnior
- **successor1**: Martinho Ndafa Kabi
- **party**: Republican Party for Independence and Development, PRID
- **otherparty**: African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde, PAIGC
João Bernardo Vieira

**João Bernardo** "**Nino**" **Vieira** (, 27 April 1939 – 2 March 2009) was the President of Guinea-Bissau from 1980 to 1984, for the second time from 1984 to 1999, and for the third time from 2005 to 2009.

Vieira was killed by soldiers on 2 March 2009. The military officially denied these allegations

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: João Bernardo Vieira
- **image**: João Bernardo Vieira.jpg
- **order**: 2nd President of Guinea-Bissau
- **primeminister**: Carlos Gomes Júnior, Carlos Gomes
Aristides Gomes
Martinho Ndafa Kabi
Carlos Correia
Carlos Gomes Júnior, Carlos Gomes
- **term start**: 1 October 2005
- **term end**: 2 March 2009
- **predecessor**: Henrique Rosa <small>(Acting)</small>
- **successor**: Raimundo Pereira <small>(Acting)</small>
- **vicepresident2**: Paulo Correia
Iafai Camará
Vasco Cabral
- **term start2**: 16 May 1984
- **term end2**: 7 May 1999
- **predecessor2**: Carmen Pereira <small>(Acting)</small>
- **successor2**: Ansumane Mané
- **vicepresident3**: Victor Saúde Maria
- **primeminister3**: Victor Saúde Maria
- **term start3**: 14 November 1980
- **term end3**: 14 May 1984
- **predecessor3**: Luís de Almeida Cabral
- **successor3**: Carmen Pereira <small>(Acting)</small>
- **order4**: 3rd Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau
- **president4**: Luís de Almeida Cabral
- **term start4**: 28 September 1978
- **term end4**: 14 November 1980
- **predecessor4**: Constantino Teixeira
- **successor4**: Victor Saúde Maria
- **birth place**: Bissau, Portuguese Guinea
- **death place**: Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
- **party**: PAIGC
Independent (politician), Independent
- **spouse**: Isabel Vieira
Carlos Correia

**Carlos Correia** (6 November 1933 – 14 August 2021) was a Guinea-Bissau politician. He was Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau from 17 September 2015 to 12 May 2016. Before, he was Prime Minister from 27 December 1991 to 26 October 1994, from 6 June 1997 to 3 December 1998, and from 5 August 2008 to 25 December 2008.

Correia died on 14 August 2021 at the age of 87.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Carlos Correia
- **office**: 5th Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau
- **president**: José Mário Vaz
- **term start**: 17 September 2015
- **term end**: 12 May 2016
- **predecessor**: Baciro Djá
- **successor**: Baciro Djá
- **president1**: João Bernardo Vieira
- **term start1**: 6 August 2008
- **term end1**: 2 January 2009
- **predecessor1**: Martinho Ndafa Kabi
- **successor1**: Carlos Gomes Júnior, Carlos Gomes
- **president2**: João Bernardo Vieira
- **term start2**: 6 June 1997
- **term end2**: 3 December 1998
- **predecessor2**: Manuel Saturnino da Costa
- **successor2**: Francisco Fadul
- **president3**: João Bernardo Vieira
- **term start3**: 27 December 1991
- **term end3**: 26 October 1994
- **predecessor3**: Victor Saúde Maria
- **successor3**: Manuel Saturnino da Costa
- **birth place**: Bissau, Portuguese Guinea

- **party**: African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
Buranovskiye Babushki

**Buranovskiye Babushki** (, ; , _Brangurtyś pesänajos_; meaning "Buranovo Grannies") is a Russian ethno-pop band made up of eight elderly women from the village of Buranovo, Udmurtia.

Buranovskiye Babushki represented Russia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan, with the song "Party for Everybody". They finished in second place behind Loreen from Sweden.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Buranovskiye Babushki
- **image**: Buranovskiye Babushki 2011 12.jpg
- **image size**: 300
- **landscape**: yes
- **caption**: Buranovskiye Babushki in 2011
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Buranovo, Udmurt Republic, Buranovo, Udmurtia, Russia
- **genre**: Pop, Ethnomusicology, ethno
- **years active**: 1970s–present
Howard Storm (author)

**Howard Storm** (born October 26, 1946) is an American Christian minister, writer, and painter. He is a former professor and chairman of the art department at Northern Kentucky University.

In 2000, he authored _My Descent Into Death_, which talks about his near-death experience. Storm's near-death experience has been talked about in literature on near-death studies.

Storm has retold his story on NBC's _Today Show_, _The Oprah Winfrey Show_, _48 Hours_, _Discovery Channel_ and _Coast to Coast AM_.

## Other websites

- Howard Storm's NDE story published on the NDE website
- Howard Storm at Google Video
- Excerpt from _My Descent into Death_ on _USA Today_, February 21, 2005.
- Howard Storm on Youtube
- Howard Storm Official Website

## Infobox (clergy)

- **image**: Howard Storm.png
- **name**: Howard Storm
- **birth name**: Howard Storm
- **birth place**: Newton, Massachusetts, Newton, Massachusetts, United States
- **church**: United Church of Christ
- **congregations**: Covington United Church of Christ, Covington, Ohio
- **title**: Senior Pastor, Covington United Church of Christ
- **website**: http://www.howardstorm.com/
Rina Lazo

**Rina Lazo Wasem** (October 23, 1923 – November 1, 2019) was a Guatemalan-Mexican painter. Lazo was born Guatemala City.

She began her career in mural painting with Diego Rivera as his assistant. She worked with him from 1947 until his death in 1957. Lazo was known for her mural works than canvases although the latter have been exhibited in Mexico and other countries making her one of Guatemala's better known artists. She was a member of the Mexican muralism movement.

Lazo died on November 1, 2019 in Mexico City of cardiac arrest at the age of 96. She was married to artist Arturo García Bustos.
Ken Blaiklock

**Kenneth Victor Blaiklock** OBE (6 December 1927 – 20 September 2020) was a British Antarctic surveyor. He took part in Sir Vivian Fuchs's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition that completed the first overland crossing of Antarctica. He reached the South Pole by dog sled for the first time since Amundsen. He has been awarded the Polar Medal with three bars.

His daughter is British politician, Catherine Blaiklock.

Blaiklock died on 20 September 2020, aged 92.
B. V. Doshi

**Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi**  (26 August 1927 – 24 January 2023) was an Indian architect. His best known designs are IIM Bangalore, IIM Udaipur, NIFT Delhi, Amdavad ni Gufa, CEPT University, and the Aranya Low Cost Housing development in Indore.

In 2018, he became the first Indian architect to receive the Pritzker Prize. He was also awarded the Padma Shri.

Doshi died in Ahmedabad, Gujarat on 24 January 2023, at the age of 95.

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: B. V. Doshi
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, OAL
- **image**: Balkrishna Doshi.JPG
- **nationality**: Indian
- **birth name**: Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi
- **birth place**: Pune, Bombay Presidency, British India
- **death place**: Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- **practice**: Vastu Shilpa Consultants
- **significant buildings**: Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, IIM-Bangalore, Indian Institute of Management Udaipur, IIM Udaipur, National Institute of Fashion Technology New Delhi
- **awards**: Padma Shri
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
 Pritzker Prize
Aga Khan Award for Architecture
- **alma mater**: Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art, J. J. School of Architecture, Mumbai
Peter Zumthor

**Peter Zumthor** (; born 26 April 1943) is a Swiss architect. He won the 2009 Pritzker Prize.

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Peter Zumthor
- **image**: Peter Zumthor.jpg
- **caption**: Peter Zumthor at the Venice Biennale of Architecture, 16th Venice Biennale of Architecture in May 2018
- **nationality**: Swiss people, Swiss
- **birth place**: Basel, Switzerland
Richard Rogers

**Richard George Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside**  (23 July 1933 – 18 December 2021) was an Italian-British architect. He was known for his modernist and functionalist designs in high-tech architecture. Rogers was born in Florence, Italy. In 2007, Rogers won the Pritzker Prize.

Rogers died on 18 December 2021 in London at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners website
- Large list of major Richard Rogers skyscrapers with data and images
- Rogers, Stirk, Harbour and Partners projects portfolio
- Pritzker Prize 2007
- Richard Rogers presents the 2007 Annual Discourse at the Royal Institute of British Architects (video)
- The 1995 BBC Reith Lectures: Sustainable City by Richard Rogers
- Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections
Paulo Mendes da Rocha

**Paulo Mendes da Rocha** (October 25, 1928 – May 23, 2021) was a Brazilian architect. He was known for his cultural buildings to São Paulo and was widely thanked for reshaping the city.

Mendes da Rocha was Professor at the Architecture College of University of São Paulo, known as FAU-USP, until 1998.

He was honored with the Mies van der Rohe Prize (2000), the Pritzker Prize (2006) and the  Venice Biennale Golden Lion for lifetime achievement (2016).

Mendes da Rocha died of lung cancer at a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil on May 23, 2021 at the age of 92.

## Other websites

- Pritzker Prize – profile
- CityMayors.com profile
- New York Times profile
- NPR profile
- Objekto

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Paulo Mendes da Rocha
- **image**: Paulo Mendes Da Rocha-Arquisur 2009 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: (2009)
- **nationality**: Brazilian
- **birth place**: Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- **death place**: São Paulo, São Paulo (state), Brazil
- **alma mater**: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
- **significant buildings**: Serra Dourada Stadium, Gymnasium in the Paulistano Athletics Club, Pinacoteca do Estado, National Coach Museum
- **awards**: Pritzker Architecture Prize (2006)
Glenn Murcutt

**Glenn Marcus Murcutt** AO (born 25 July 1936) is a British-born Australian architect. He won the 1992 Alvar Aalto Medal, the 2002 Pritzker Architecture Prize and the 2009 American Institute of Architects Gold Medal. He is the only Australian to win the Pritzker Prize. He is thought to be Australia's most famous architect.

## Other websites

- Architecture Foundation Australia Glenn Murcutt Master Class and Portfolio of Murcutt Projects
- Four-minute video clip Glenn Murcutt leading the annual Murcutt International Master Class
- Arthur and Yvonne Boyd Education Centre
- Public talk with Glenn Murcutt
- Location of Glenn Murcutt Buildings on checkonsite  Location of Glenn Murcutt Buildings

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Glenn Murcutt
- **image**: 27-11-04 Murcutt y yo 022.jpg
- **caption**: Glenn Murcutt in 2004
- **nationality**: Australian people, Australian
- **birth place**: London, England
- **significant buildings**: Marie Short House (1975), Fredericks House (1982), Ball-Eastaway House (1983), Magney House (1984), Marika-Alderton House (1994), Arthur and Yvonne Boyd Education Centre (1999)
- **awards**: Royal Australian Institute of Architects Gold Medal, RAIA Gold Medal (1992)
Alvar Aalto Medal (1992)
Pritzker Architecture Prize (2002)
AIA Gold Medal, American Institute of Architects Gold Medal (2009)
Rafael Moneo

**José Rafael Moneo Vallés** (born 9 May 1937) is a Spanish architect. He won the Pritzker Prize for architecture in 1996 and the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 2003.

## Other websites

- Architectural renderings of the Chace Center (early stages of design)
- Children's Hospital of Madrid
- Harvard University Laboratory for Integrated Science and Engineering
- The Moneo Gallery: Works of José Rafael Moneo Vallés
- "Prado museum unveils spacious new extension" (2 April 2007)
- Pritzker Architecture Prize Laureate
- Short biography at www.greatbuildings.com

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Rafael Moneo
- **image**: Rafael Moneo 2011 (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Rafael Moneo (2011)
- **nationality**: Spain, Spanish
- **birth name**: José Rafael Moneo Vallés
- **birth place**: Tudela,_Navarre, Tudela, Navarre, Spain
- **awards**: Rolf Schock Prizes in Visual Arts <small>(1993)</small>
Pritzker Architecture Prize <small>(1996)</small>
Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture <small>(2012)</small>
Álvaro Siza Vieira

**Álvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira**,  (born 25 June 1933), is a Portuguese architect, and architectural educator. He is internationally known as **Álvaro Siza** () and in Portugal as **Siza Vieira** (). In 1992, he won the Pritzker Architecture Prize.

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Álvaro Siza Vieira
- **image**: Siza Vieira na Exponor.JPG
- **caption**: Álvaro Siza Vieira in 2012
- **birth name**: Álvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira
- **birth place**: Matosinhos, Portugal
- **nationality**: Portuguese
- **alma mater**: University of Porto
- **awards**: Pritzker Prize (1992), Royal Gold Medal (2009), International Union of Architects#UIA Gold Medal, UIA Gold Medal (2011), Golden Lion for lifetime achievement (2012)
- **significant buildings**: Porto School of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Porto
Luis Barragán

**Luis Ramiro Barragán Morfín** (March 9, 1902 – November 22, 1988) was a Mexican architect and engineer. His work were inspired by  contemporary architects visually and conceptually.  Barragán's buildings are visited by international students and professors of architecture.

Barragán won the Pritzker Prize, the highest award in architecture, in 1980. His personal home, the Luis Barragán House and Studio, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.

Barragán died on November 22, 1988, in Mexico City of Parkinson's disease at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Website of the Barragan Foundation
- Luis Barragan's house and studio (in Spanish)
- Artists Rights Society, Barragán's U.S. Copyright Representatives
- Luis Barragan's work

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Luis Barragán
- **image**: Luis Barragán Morfín.JPG
- **nationality**: Mexican
- **birth place**: Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- **death date**: November 22, 1988 (aged 86)
- **death place**: Mexico City, Mexico
- **significant buildings**: Torres de Satélite
- **awards**: Pritzker Prize
Chou Wen-chung

**Chou Wen-chung** (; July 28, 1923 – October 25, 2019) was a Chinese American composer of contemporary classical music. He was seen as one of the first Chinese composers who tried to translate authentic oriental melo-rhythms into the terms of modern Western music.

Chou died in New York City on October 25, 2019 at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Chou Wen-chung official site
- Chou Wen-chung: Composer of Confluence by Michelle Vosper, _Spiralis Music Trust_, 2018
- Chou Wen-chung interview by Bruce Duffie, 1995
- "Chou Wen-chung: Living with History"  NewMusicBox, 2013
- "An interview with Chou Wen Chung", Preston Wright, _American Public Media_, with Philip Blackburn, American Composers Forum, July 2002
- Chou Wen-Chung video interview by Thomas Crampton 2007
- Art of the States: Chou Wen-chung three works by the composer, Chou Wen-chung
- Chou Wen-chung going strong at 91 NYTimes, October 1, 2014

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Chou Wen-Chung
- **native name**: 周文中
- **native name lang**: zh
- **image**: Chou Wen-chung, Chinese American composer of contemporary. classical music.jpg
- **birth place**: Yantai, Shandong, China
- **death place**: New York City, United States, U.S.
- **citizenship**: United States (from 1958)
- **education**: Harvard University <small>(M.A.)</small>
New England Conservatory of Music <small>(B.A.)</small>National Chunking University <small>(B.S.)</small>
Akron, New York

**Akron** is a village in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 2,888 at the 2020 census.

Akron is located at  (43.019309, -78.494644). The village is northeast of Buffalo.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Akron, New York
- **settlement type**: Village (United States), Village
- **image map**: Erie County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Akron highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Erie County, New York, Erie County and the state of New York (state), New York.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New York, County
- **subdivision name2**: Erie County, New York, Erie
- **subdivision type3**: Town (New York), Town
- **subdivision name3**: Newstead, New York, Newstead
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 5.21
- **area land km2**: 5.21
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 2.01
- **area land sq mi**: 2.01
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 2888
- **population density km2**: 554.34
- **population density sq mi**: 1435.39
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 226
- **elevation ft**: 741
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 14001
- **area code**: Area code 716, 716
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-00441
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0942224
Oncilla

The **oncilla** (_Leopardus tigrinus_), also known as the **northern tiger cat**, **little spotted cat**, and **tigrillo**, is a small spotted cat. Its range from Central America to central Brazil. Over this huge territory there are differences which some think should be subspecies.

It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because the population is threatened by deforestation and conversion of habitat to agricultural land.
Pallas's cat

**Pallas's cat** (_Otocolobus manul_) is also called the **manul**. It is a small wild cat with a very wide distribution in the grasslands and montane steppes of Central Asia.

It is affected by its habitat getting smaller by being destroyed, with fewer prey, and is also hunted by poachers. It is classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.

Pallas's cat was first described in 1776 by the German naturalist Peter Simon Pallas.
Rusty-spotted cat

The **rusty-spotted cat** (_Prionailurus rubiginosus_) is one of the cat family's smallest members. Historical records are known only from India and Sri Lanka. In 2012, it was also recorded in the western Terai of Nepal.

Since 2016, the global wild population is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. It is fragmented and affected by the loss and destruction of its prime habitat, deciduous forest.
Rabindra Mishra

**Rabindra Mishra** is the ex editor in chief of BBC News Nepali, founder of Help Nepal Network and president of Sajha Party.
Kiosk

In English speaking countries, a **kiosk** is a small booth offering goods and services. For example, it might sell packaged food, drinks, cigarettes and newspapers. They can still be seen on some train stations.

In Paris the old kiosks which sold newspapers, cigarettes and tickets are being replaced. The replacements are said to be more functional but less charming.

In oriental countries like Persia or Turkey, a kiosk is larger and grander than in other countries. It is a self-standing building.
Sachsenhausen concentration camp

**Sachsenhausen concentration camp** (officially called **Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen**, or **KZ Sachsenhausen**) was a Nazi concentration camp that existed from 1936 to 1945. It was located near Oranienburg, just north of Berlin. Even though it was located in Oranienburg, it is different from Oranienburg concentration camp.

Between 1936 and 1945, over 200.000 people were detained at KZ Sachsenhausen. Medical experiments were carried out in KZ Sachsenhausen to test the effectiveness of drugs. People from Sachsenhausen were also forced to help produce goods used for war (such as weapons, or ammunition).

## List of notable inmates

- Stepan Bandera, Andriy Melnyk, Yaroslav Stetsko and Taras Bulba-Borovets, Ukrainian nationalist leaders interned between July 1941 and autumn 1944
- Tadeusz Banachiewicz, a Polish professor and astronomer
- Józef Klukowski, an Olympic medal-winning Polish sculptor
- Arthur Löwenstamm, rabbi of Spandau Synagogue
- Reverend Martin Niemöller, the author of the statement "First they came ..."
- Hans von Dohnányi, a German jurist who rescued Jews and fought the Nazi German regime, executed in April 1945
- Gottfried Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen, grandson of Otto von Bismarck, an SS officer with foreknowledge of the 20 July plot to assassinate Hitler
- Trygve Bratteli, a Norwegian Labour Party figure, who later served as Norway's Prime Minister between 1973 and 1976
Oranienburg concentration camp

**Oranienburg concentration camp** was a Nazi concentration camp located near the city center of Oranienburg, north of Berlin. The camp is one of the earliest concentration camps, and existed from 1933 to 1934. About 3.000 people were held there. Eight people who died there are known by name. Please note, the camp is not identical with KZ Sachsenhausen (also in Oranienburg, existed 1936-45)
Oranienburg

**Oranienburg** (Slavic languages: _Bóźow_) is a town in Germany, with about 45.000 people. It is located a few kilometers north of Berlin. It was originally settled by Slavic people, and was probably called Bochzowe. Germanic settlers arrived in the 12th century, and kept the original name. Because of the strategic location, a castle was built in the 13th century. The first known reference occurred in 1216, as "Bothzowe". City rights were awarded in 1232.  The name Bothzowe, lives on in Bötzow. In 1483, the castle lost its importance, and Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg built a new residence there, he used for hunting.  During the thirty years war, Bötzow was pillaged, and burnt down.
Brian Warboys

**Brian Warboys** (born 30 April 1942), retired in September 2007. He was Professor of Software Engineering at the University of Manchester from 1985 until he retired. He was subsequently appointed as Professor Emeritus and continues to undertake research. Before joining the university he had worked for ICL. At the time the UK's largest computer manufacturer. During the 1970s he had been the chief designer of ICL's VME operating system. He is also the author of several non-fiction books.

## ICL VME

Warboys worked for ICL from 1963 to 1985. During the 1970s, he was Chief Designer of VME.
VME/B was an advanced operating system and was logical and straightforward to use. Amongst IT professionals it was deemed superior to IBM equivalents.

## University of Manchester

Warboys was Professor of Software Engineering. He researched the development of techniques which enable dynamic evolution. This is the ability to change s/w whilst it is executing. It applied to the  design of very large systems.  In 1991, he became the founder and principal of the Informatics Process Group (IPG) in the School of Computer Science. IPG was established to advance the application of Process Modelling. Between 1997 and 2002 he led the EPSRC funded Compliant Systems Architecture (CSA) projects.
Within Europe he has headed the Manchester operating system team on the ESPRIT-funded EDS project. He also led the IPG's involvement in the ESPRIT Basic Research Activity PROMOTER on software process modelling and technology.
In 2001 he led the IPG's involvement in the Framework IV Basic Research Action PIE, process instance evolution. He later led the Archware project. in which he was also joint technical coordinator.

## Recognition

He was appointed the first ICL Fellow in 1984.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Brian Warboys
- **image**: Brianwarboys.jpg
- **birth place**: England
- **occupation**: Professor of
Software Engineering,
University of Manchester (retired)
- **website**: [http://www.cs.manchester.ac.uk/about-us/staff/profile/?ea=b.warboys Brian Warboys]
Chesalles-sur-Oron

**Chesalles-sur-Oron** was a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012, the former municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye joined together to become a new municipality called Oron.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Chesalles-sur-Oron
- **municipality name**: Chesalles-sur-Oron
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Chesalles-sur-Oron-coat of arms.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1608
- **municipality code**: 5784
- **area**: 2.00
- **elevation**: 788
- **population**: 189
- **populationof**: 2010
- **mayor**: Michel Jaquet
- **demonym**: Les Groseilles
- **neighboring municipalities**: Le Flon (FR), Saint-Martin, Fribourg, Saint-Martin (FR), Bussigny-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Palézieux, Oron-le-Châtel,  Chapelle (Glâne) (FR)
Oron, Vaud

**Oron** is a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2012, when the former municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye joined together to become the new municipality. On 1 January 2022, Essertes became a part of Oron.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Oron
- **image photo**: Église réformée d'Oron-la-Ville.jpg
- **image caption**: Reformed church of Oron-la-Ville
- **municipality name**: Oron
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Oron COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Oron 2012.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1607, 1608, 1610, 1612
- **municipality code**: 5805
- **area**: 24.60
- **elevation**: 631
- **population**: 5461
- **populationof**: 31 December 2017
- **popofyear**: 2017
- **website**: www.oron.ch
- **mayor**: Philippe Modoux
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **demonym**: Oronais, Oronaises
- **neighboring municipalities**: Auboranges (FR), Chapelle (Glâne) (FR), Palézieux, Rue, Switzerland, Rue (FR), Vuibroye
- **twintowns**: Bussac, Dordogne, Bussac (France)
Epesses

**Epesses** was a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is in the district of Lavaux-Oron on Lake Geneva (_Lac Léman_). On 1 July 2011, the former municipalities of Cully, Epesses, Grandvaux, Riex and Villette (Lavaux) joined together to become the new municipality called Bourg-en-Lavaux.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Epesses
- **image photo**: Lavaux - Dézaley.jpg
- **image caption**: Le Dézaley vineyards
- **municipality name**: Epesses
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Epesses-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Epesses.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1098
- **municipality code**: 5603
- **area**: 1.59
- **elevation**: 404
- **population**: 332
- **populationof**: December 2009
- **popofyear**: 2009
- **website**: www.epesses.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Cully, Switzerland, Cully, Forel (Lavaux), Meillerie (FR-74), Puidoux, Riex
- **twintowns**: Burgdorf, Switzerland, Burgdorf (Switzerland)
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

The **Co-operative Commonwealth Federation** (**CCF**) (, from 1955 the __) was a political party in Canada. It was a social-democratic and democratic-socialist party. Multiple groups helped form the CCF in 1932, in Calgary, Alberta. In 1961, it was succeeded by the New Democratic Party.

## Infobox (political party)

- **country**: Canada
- **name**: Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
- **native name**: _Fédération du Commonwealth Coopératif_
_Parti social démocratique du Canada_
- **colorcode**: #008000
- **chairman**: J. S. Woodsworth,
M. J. Coldwell,
F. R. Scott,
Percy Wright,
David Lewis (politician), David Lewis
- **leader1 title**: Secretary
- **leader1 name**: M. J. Coldwell,
David Lewis,
Lorne Ingle,
Carl Hamilton
- **ideology**: Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Agrarianism
- **position**: Left-wing politics, Left-wing
- **international**: Socialist International
- **foundation**: 1932 (Revived 2018)
- **dissolution**: 1961
- **predecessor**: Ginger Group, Labour candidates and parties in Canada, Independent Labour Party, United Farmers of Alberta
- **successor**: New Democratic Party
- **headquarters**: Ottawa, Ontario
- **colours**: Green and Yellow
Mézières, Vaud

**Mézières** was a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2016, the former municipalities of Carrouge, Ferlens and Mézières joined together to become a new municipality called Jorat-Mézières.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Mézières
- **image photo**: Mézières vaud.jpg
- **image caption**: Mézières
- **municipality name**: Mézières
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Mezieres-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Mézières VD.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1083
- **municipality code**: 5791
- **area**: 3.48
- **elevation**: 750
- **population**: 1059
- **populationof**: December 2007
- **website**: www.mezieres.ch
- **mayor**: Stéphane Saugy
- **mayor asof**: January 2009
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **demonym**: Les Méziérois
Les Grands Pantets
- **neighboring municipalities**: Carrouge, Vaud, Carrouge, Ferlens, Servion, Les Cullayes, Montpreveyres
Laverne, Oklahoma

**Laverne** is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Bibsys

**BIBSYS** is an administrative agency run by the Ministry of Education and Research in Norway. They help organize research data and library metadata.

BIBSYS works with all Norwegian universities and university colleges as well as research institutions
and the National Library of Norway.

## Other websites

- Om Bibsys
Spyderco

**Spyderco** is a knife company founded by Sal Glesser in the United States. They pioneered the opening hole in the blade of a folding knife. This allows one-hand manual opening of the knife without the need for added thumb-studs or other features. It is headquartered in Golden, Colorado. It was founded	in 1978.

A large part of the firm's knife production is outsourced to foreign contractors in countries such as Japan, Taiwan, Italy, and China.

They have pioneered the use of new types of steel alloys and handle materials, also materials such as fiberglass reinforced nylon polymer.

## Other websites

- Spyderco's official forum
AK

**AK** and **A.K.** (but not Ak) may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

- _A.K._ (film), a 1985 film directed by Chris Marker
- AK (radio program), a weekly program produced by Alaska Public Radio Network from 2003 to 2008, later a segment on _Alaska News Nightly_
- AK (rapper), also known as AK the Razorman, American rapper from Atlanta, Georgia, member of hip hop group P$C
- AK-47 (rapper), American rapper from Chicago, Illinois, member of hip hop group Do or Die
- AK the Savior, American rapper from Brooklyn, New York, member of The Underachievers
- _Arknights_, the Chinese mobile game developed by Hypergryph

## Businesses and organizations

- AK Press, a collectively owned and operated independent publisher and book distributor that specializes in radical and anarchist literature
- AK Steel Holding Company, a US-based S&P 500 (NYSE:AKS) Steel Manufacturer
- _Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi_, the Turkish Justice and Development Party
- _Arbeiterkammer_, the Austrian Chamber of Labour
- Armia Krajowa (_Home Army_), underground resistance in Nazi-occupied Poland during World War II
- Ajnad al-Kavkaz, a Chechen-led militia in the Syrian Civil War

## Science

- AK, the herbarium code for Auckland War Memorial Museum
- Patient AK, a 16-year-old female patient who laughed when her brain was stimulated with electric current during treatment for epilepsy
- Actinic keratosis, a skin condition
- Applied kinesiology, a method using manual muscle testing that purportedly gives feedback on the functional status of the body

## Places

- Alaska, a state in the US whose postal abbreviation is "AK"
- Azad Kashmir, a region of Pakistan.

## Transport

- AirAsia (IATA code AK), a Malaysia-based airline
- Cargo ships (US Navy hull classification symbol AK)
- New Zealand AK class carriage passenger carriages used by KiwiRail on their Great Railway Journeys of New Zealand

## Other uses

- Akan language (ISO 639-1 code alpha-2 `ak`)
- Kalashnikov rifle (Avtomat Kalashnikova) an originally Soviet/Russian series of rifles, e.g. AK-47, AKM, AK-74, AK-101, AK-103, etc.
    - AK-47, shortened to "AK"
- Knight of the Order of Australia, awarded from 1976 to 1986, and 2014 to 2015
- Aktuaalne kaamera, a TV program of the Eesti Televisioon
- , the primary resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II

## Related pages

- Ak (disambiguation)
CA

**CA** may mean:
- Calcium, a chemical element by symbol
- California, a US state
- Canada, a country in North America
JCUKEN

**JCUKEN** (_ЙЦУКЕН_) is a keyboard layout used for Cyrillic languages. Before the Russian language was reformed in 1917, _JIUKEN_ (_ЙІУКЕН_) was the keyboard used.
Kielbasa

**Kielbasa** ( or ; from Polish **** ) is any type of meat sausage from Poland, and a staple of Polish cuisine. In American English the word typically refers to a coarse, U-shaped smoked sausage of any kind of meat, which closely resembles the _Wiejska_ _sausage_ (typically pork only) in British English.

## Other websites

- Polish Kielbasa (Polish Sausage)
- Czech klobásy recipe (In Czech)

## Infobox (food)

- **name**: Kielbasa
- **image**: Kielbasa.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Four types of kiełbasa made in Poland:  biała kiełbasa (white sausage), kiełbasa krakowska, the thin kabanos (pl. 'kabanos'), and kiełbasa wiejska (farmhouse sausage).
- **country**: Poland
- **region**: Central Europe
- **course**: Main
- **type**: Sausage
- **main ingredient**: Meat (pork, beef, turkey as food, turkey, lamb and mutton, lamb, chicken as food, chicken or veal)
Nicki

**Nicki** is a given name, Nicki is a unisex name of English origin. It is derived from the name Nicholas, which is derived from the Greek name Nikolaos, meaning “victory of the people”. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

and may refer to:

## Movie and television

- Nicki Aycox (born 1975), American actress best known for her roles as Syl on the series _Dark Angel_ and Stella Vessey on the dramedy _Ed_
- Nicki Chapman (born 1967), English television presenter who also works in the British pop music industry
- Nicki Clyne (born 1983), Canadian actress
- Nicki Hunter, American pornographic actress and director
- Nicki Paull, Australian actress
- Nicki Shields, English television presenter who also works as the Formula E pit lane reporter

## Other

- Nicki (singer), stage name of German pop singer Doris Andrea Hrda (born 1966)
- Nicki French (born 1964), English singer and dancer
- Nicki McNelly (born 1962), British Anglican priest
- Nicki Minaj (born 1982), Trinidadian rapper, singer and songwriter
- Nicki Sørensen (born 1975), Danish male professional road bicycle racer
EA (disambiguation)

**EA** is an initialism for Electronic Arts, an American video game company.

**EA**, **E.A.**, **Ea**, or **ea** may also refer to:

- Enterprise architecture, a framework to analyse an enterprise

- Exaampere (EA), an SI unit of electric current
- Activation energy (E<sub>a</sub>), in chemistry
- Exaannum (Ea), a unit of time

- Electron affinity
- Ethyl acetate

- Evolutionary algorithm, an optimization algorithm
Us

**US**, **U.S.**, or **Us** most often means:

- _Us_ (pronoun), the objective case of the English first-person plural pronoun _we_
- US, an abbreviation for the **U**nited **S**tates of America

**US**, **U.S.**, **Us**, **us**, or **u.s.** may also mean:

### Albums

- _Us_ (Brother Ali album) or the title song, 2009
- _Us_ (Empress Of album), 2018
- _Us_ (Mull Historical Society album), 2003
- _Us_ (Peter Gabriel album), 1992
- _Us_ (EP), by Moon Jong-up, 2021
- _Us_, by Maceo Parker, 1974
- _Us_, mini-album by Peakboy, 2019

### Songs

- "Us" (James Bay song), 2018
- "Us" (Jennifer Lopez song), 2018
- "Us" (Regina Spektor song), 2004
- "Us" (Gracie Abrams song), 2024
- "Us", by Azealia Banks from _Fantasea_, 2012
- "Us", by Celine Dion from _Let's Talk About Love_, 1997
- "Us", by Gucci Mane from _Delusions of Grandeur_, 2019
- "Us", by Spoon from _Hot Thoughts_, 2017

### Other media

- US Festival, two 1980s California music festivals organized by Steve Wozniak
- _Us_ (1991 film), a television film
- _Us_ (2019 film), a horror film by Jordan Peele
- _Us_ (novel), a 2014 novel by David Nicholls
    - _Us_ (British TV series), a BBC One four-part television comedy series based on the 2014 novel (aired in 2020)
- _US_ (play), a 1966 play by Peter Brook
- "Us" (_The Walking Dead_), the 50th episode of the television series _The Walking Dead_: season 4, episode 15 (of 16)
- _Us Weekly_, an American celebrity magazine
- _Us_ (Thai TV series), a Thai girls' love television series

## Schools

- University of Salzburg, a university in Austria
- University of Seville, a university in Spain
- , a university in Canada
- University of Szczecin, a university in Poland
- University School, a private all-boys day school in Hunting Valley, Ohio, US

## Businesses and organizations

- US Airways (IATA designator US, 1979-2015)
- US Organization, a Black nationalist group in the United States founded in 1965
- United Services Club or _US Club_, a golf club in Mumbai
- United Society, an Anglican charitable organization first founded in 1701
- United Synagogue, the union of British Orthodox synagogues founded in 1870
- , an ambulance company in Montreal, Canada
- Uniwide Sales, a now-defunct retail operator

## Other uses

- .us, Internet top-level domain for the United States
- Us, Val-d'Oise, France
- Ultrasound or ultrasonic
- Understudy, in theatre
- Union State, a politico-economic union consisting of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus
- United States Reports, in legal citations
- United States Supreme Court, in legal citations
- Upper Silesia
- Uranium monosulfide
- , Latin for "as above"
- Humans

## Related pages

- Microsecond (μs)
- United States (disambiguation)
- Uz (disambiguation)
- SU (disambiguation)
ES

**Es**, **ES**, or similar may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

- An alternate name for the musical note E♭ (E-flat)
- _E's_, a manga series by Satoru Yuiga
- _Es_ (film), the German title of _It_, a 1966 West German film directed by Ulrich Schamoni
- _ES_ (Eternal Sabbath), a manga by Fuyumi Soryo
- _ES_, a supplement of the _Evening Standard_ newspaper

## Businesses, organizations, and products

- Gibson ES Series, a line of guitars
- Lexus ES, a series of automobiles
- E-mini S&P, a futures contract on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (symbol ES)
- Eurostar (National Rail abbreviation ES)
- DHL International Aviation ME (IATA airline code ES)

## Language

- Es, a phonetic spelling of the Latin alphabet letter S
- -es, a word ending
- Spanish language (ISO 639 alpha-2 language code)
- Es (cyrillic), a letter in the Cyrillic alphabet that looks like the Latin letter C

## Places

- Spain (ISO 3166-1 country code)
    - .es, top-level Internet domain for Spain
- El Salvador (FIPS 10-4 country code)
- Espírito Santo, a state in Brazil (ISO 3166-2:BR code)
- Eš, a village in the Czech Republic
- ES, an abbreviation for "elementary school", as seen on some maps, etc. (_e.g._, Matsukage ES, Yawatahama, Japan)
- CIA cryptonym for Guatemala

### Computing

- .es, the top-level Internet domain for Spain
- Es (operating system), an operating system originally developed by Nintendo and since 2008 by Google
- es (Unix shell), a Unix command shell and functional programming language
- ES EVM, a Soviet series of IBM computer clones
- ES register, in x86 computer architecture
- ECMAScript, popularly known as JavaScript
- Elasticsearch, a search engine
- Elementary stream, part of the MPEG communication protocol
- Expert system, software which automates decision making

### Other uses in science and technology

- Edison screw, a type of lightbulb socket whose sizes are preceded with ES (e.g. ES14, ES27)
- Einsteinium, the chemical element with symbol Es
- Embryonic stem cell, a type of pluripotent stem cell derived from an early-stage embryo
- Exasecond (Es), an SI unit of time
- Exasiemens (ES), an SI unit of electric conductance

## Other uses

- _Es_, the German term for the id, one of the psychic apparatus defined in Sigmund Freud's structural model of the psyche
- _Série économique et sociale_, a specialization within the French academic "baccalauréat" degree
- Expected shortfall, a measure of risk
Lukas Bärfuss

**Lukas Bärfuss** (born 30 December 1971 in Thun, Switzerland) is a Swiss writer. He writes in German. He has won many prizes in literature. These prizes include the Mülheimer Dramatikerpreis in 2005 for the play _Der Bus (Das Zeug einer Heiligen)_,  the Swiss Book Prize () in 2008 for _Hundert Tage,_ the Anna Seghers-Preis in 2008, the Hans Fallada Prize in 2010, the Solothurner Literaturpreis in 2014, the Nicolas Born Prize in 2015, the Johann-Peter-Hebel-Preis in 2016, and the most important German literature prize the Georg-Büchner-Preis in 2019.

Bärfuss writes critically about Switzerland in his novels and theatrical work. He also has written novels based on personal events and genocide in Rwanda.
Les Thioleyres

**Les Thioleyres** was a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012, the municipalities Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye joined together to become the new municipality called Oron.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Les Thioleyres
- **municipality name**: Les Thioleyres
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Les Thioleyres-coat of arms.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1607
- **municipality code**: 5801
- **area**: 1.93
- **elevation**: 708
- **population**: 213
- **populationof**: 2010
- **mayor**: René Brugger
- **demonym**: Les Thiolérus
- **neighboring municipalities**: Les Tavernes, Palézieux, Granges (Veveyse) (FR), Puidoux
Ecoteaux

**Ecoteaux** was a municipality in Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012, the municipalities Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye joined together to become the new municipality called Oron.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Ecoteaux
- **municipality name**: Ecoteaux
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Ecoteaux-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Ecoteaux.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Lavaux-Oron (district), Lavaux-Oron
- **postal code**: 1612
- **municipality code**: 5787
- **area**: 3.55
- **elevation**: 766
- **population**: 356
- **populationof**: 2010
- **mayor**: Anne-Marie Delley
- **demonym**: Les Escotaliens
Les Crapauds
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bussigny-sur-Oron, Maracon, Remaufens (FR), Attalens (FR), Bossonnens (FR), Palézieux, Chesalles-sur-Oron
Ishwari Prasad Gupta

**Ishwari Prasad Gupta** (5 February 1931 in Arrah – 12 December 2018 in Delhi) was an Indian politician. He was a Joint Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Chief Secretary to the Government of Tripura and Lt. Governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ishwari Prasad Gupta
- **image**: File:IP Gupta.jpg
- **caption**: I.P. Gupta <small>IAS</small>
- **order**: 7th
- **office**: Lieutenant Governor of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- **term start**: 23 December 1996
- **term end**: 25 May 2001
- **predecessor**: Vakkom Purushothaman
- **successor**: Nagendra Nath Jha
- **birth date**: 5 February 1931
- **birth place**: Arrah (Bihar) India
- **death date**: 12 December 2018
- **death place**: New Delhi India
- **spouse**: Sushila Gupta
- **children**: Pramod Gupta & Vinod Gupta (son)
Pushpa Verma & Poonam Singh (daughter)
- **profession**: Retired Indian Administrative Service
Syed Shahnawaz Hussain

**Syed Shahnawaz Hussain** was born in Supaul, Bihar in 1968, is a National Spokesperson of the Bharatiya Janata Party and a former Cabinet Minister.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **native name**: सैयद शाहनवाज़ हुसैन
- **birth place**: Supaul, Bihar, India
- **residence**: New Delhi
- **office**: Minister of Textiles (India)
- **primeminister**: Atal Bihari Vajpayee
- **term start**: 24 May 2003
- **term end**: 22 May 2004
- **predecessor**: Kashiram Rana
- **successor**: Shankersinh Vaghela
- **office1**: Member of Parliament
 for Bhagalpur (Lok Sabha constituency), Bhagalpur
- **term1**: 2006-2014
- **predecessor1**: Sushil Kumar Modi
- **successor1**: Shailesh Kumar Mandal
- **party**: Bharatiya Janata Party
- **spouse**: Renu Sharma
- **children**: Adeeb Hussain, Arbaaz Hussain
- **occupation**: Politician
Mascarene Islands

The **Mascarene Islands**, () or **Mascarenes**, is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar.

They include Mauritius, Réunion and Rodrigues. Their name comes from the Portuguese navigator Pedro Mascarenhas, who first visited them in April 1512.

The islands were formed by the volcanism of the Réunion hotspot beneath the Mascarene Plateau. They are a distinct ecoregion with a unique flora and fauna.

Extinct animals include the dodo (a flightless pigeon), and the Rodgrigues solitaire. The islands also had giant tortoises, and still has some endemic birds and reptiles.

Before the ships found the islands, the islands had no humans. Now they have many people, and the original ecology of the islands is being destroyed.

The Mascarene Islands are a French overseas department. Mauritius styles itself the **Republic of Mauritius**, and is self-governed.

This ecoregion covers the three main islands, Réunion, Mauritius, and Rodrigues, and a number of smaller islets of the Mascarene Islands. The largest islands are the French Dependent Territory of Réunion (2,500 km2), and the island of Mauritius (1,900 km2), which together with Rodrigues (110 km2) forms the single independent nation of Mauritius. The nearest landmass is Madagascar, 680 km northwest of Réunion.
Tatums, Oklahoma

**Tatums** is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Ravia, Oklahoma

**Ravia** is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.