juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Randolph County, Arkansas

**Randolph County** is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,571. The county seat is Pocahontas. It was founded on October 29, 1835.

The county is between the Ozark Mountains and Arkansas Delta.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Randolph County
- **state**: Arkansas
- **founded year**: 1835
- **founded date**: October 29
- **seat wl**: Pocahontas
- **largest city wl**: Pocahontas
- **area total sq mi**: 656.04
- **area land sq mi**: 651.83
- **area water sq mi**: 4.21
- **area percentage**: 0.6
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 18571
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: randolphcounty.arkansas.gov/
- **ex image**: Randolph County Arkansas Courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Randolph County courthouse in Pocahontas
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: John Randolph of Roanoke, John Randolph
Palestine, Texas

**Palestine** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Anderson County.

## Geograply

Palestine has a total area of 19.6 square miles.
Coat of arms of Sweden

The **coat of arms of Sweden** () has a lesser and a greater version.

## Related pages

- Flag of Sweden

## Infobox (coat of arms)

- **name**: Greater coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sweden
- **country**: Sweden
- **image**: Great coat of arms of Sweden.svg
- **image width**: 230
- **middle**: Great coat of arms of Sweden (without mantle).svg
- **middle width**: 180px
- **middle caption**: Version without the ermine mantling
- **lesser**: Great coat of arms of Sweden (shield and chain).svg
- **lesser width**: 120
- **lesser caption**: Version without the ermine mantling, the compartment and the supporters
- **image2**: Great coat of arms of Sweden (shield).svg
- **image2 width**: 75
- **image2 caption**: Version consisting of the crowned escutcheon only
- **armiger**: Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf
 King of Sweden, The King of Sweden
- **year adopted**: 1448
November 17, 1905
- **supporters**: two lions regardant, crowned and with forked tails (queue fourchée) Or armed gules, standing on a compartment Or
- **shield**: Azure, quartered by a cross Or with outbent arms, and an inescutcheon containing the dynastic arms of the Royal House. In the first and fourth fields three open crowns Or, placed two above one. In the second and third fields three sinisterbendwise streams argent, a lion crowned with an open crown Or armed gules. The inescutcheon is party per pale the arms for the House of Vasa (Bendwise azure, argent and gules, a vasa (sheaf of wheat) Or); and the House of Bernadotte (Azure, issuant from a wavy base a bridge with three arches and two towers embattled argent, in honour point an eagle regardant with wings inverted resting on thunderbolts Or, and in chief the Big Dipper constellation of the same).
- **crest**: Royal Crown of Sweden
- **orders**: Order of Seraphim
- **compartment**: Pedestal Or
- **other elements**: All surrounded by ermine mantling, crowned with a royal crown and tied up with tasseladorned strings Or


## Infobox (coat of arms)

- **name**: Lesser coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sweden
- **country**: Sweden
- **image**: Coat of arms of Sweden (shield and chain).svg
- **image width**: 120
- **lesser**: Coat of arms of Sweden.svg
- **lesser width**: 75
- **lesser caption**: Version without the Order of the Seraphim
- **armiger**: The Riksdag
Government of Sweden
King of Sweden
- **year adopted**: 1336
November 17, 1905
- **shield**: Azure, three coronets Or, placed two above one
- **crest**: Royal Crown of Sweden
- **orders**: Royal Order of the Seraphim
Challenge (TV channel)

**Challenge** is a British television channel, launched as ***The Family Channel*** on 1 September 1993. The channel was renamed and rebranded as _Challenge TV_ on Monday 3 February 1997, with most of the original programmes dropped from the schedule or moved to other channels. The channel mostly shows game shows from the UK and around the world, with some original productions. On 1 February 2011, Challenge replaced Channel One on the Freeview platform. On 3 December 2012, Challenge launched on the free-to-air satellite platform Freesat.

## Current programmes

- Blockbusters
- Bruce's Price is Right
- Bullseye
- The Chase
- Dale's Supermarket Sweep
- Dickinson's Real Deal
- Family Fortunes
- Play Your Cards Right
- Pointless
- Richard Osman's House of Games
- Tenable
- The Bidding Room
- Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
South African Communist Party

The **South African Communist Party** **(SACP)** is a communist party in South Africa. It was founded in 1921.

## Other websites

- South African Communist Party official website
Pauls Putniņš

**Pauls Putniņš** (12 November 1937 – 1 December 2018) was a Latvian playwright, journalist and politician.

## Biography

He was born in Riga, Latvia. He was a popular playwright in the 1980s and 1990s, he wrote 30 plays; some 25 of his works were staged across Latvia. A politician, he was a member of Latvian Writers' Union, he was elected to the Riga City Council. He retired in 2010.

Putniņš died in Riga on 1 December 2018 at the age of 81.
Modernization

**Modernization** is the transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian society to a secular, urban, industrial society. Modernization is the industrial society where it is a continuous and open-ended process.
Andrei Bitov

**Andrei Georgiyevich Bitov** (, 27 May 1937 – 3 December 2018) was a Russian writer. He was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. In 1988, he was one of the founders of the Russian PEN Club and was its President beginning in 1991. He also taught at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute.

Bitov was known for his works _Life in Windy Weather: Short Stories_, _A Captive of the Caucasus_, _Ten Short Stories_, _Pushkin House_, _The Monkey Link_ and _The Symmetry Teacher_. In 2018, he received the Order of Friendship.

Bitov died in Moscow on 3 December 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 81.

## Other websites

- _Palace without a Tsar_
- The Baggage of Writer Andrei Bitov
- Biography
Geoff Murphy

**Geoffrey Peter Murphy**  (October 1938 – 3 December 2018) was a New Zealand movie director, producer and screenwriter. He was born in Wellington. Murphy was known for his works in _Goodbye Pork Pie_ (1981), _The Quiet Earth_ (1985), _Young Guns II_ (1990), _Freejack_ (1992) and _Under Siege 2: Dark Territory_ (1995). He also was a second-unit director for _The Lord of the Rings_ movie series.

Murphy died on 3 December 2018 in Wellington at the age of 80.

## Other websites

- Geoff Murphy at NZ On Screen
- Geoff Murphy  at New Zealand Film Commission
Bennwil

**Bennwil** is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bennwil
- **image photo**: Bennwil 080.JPG
- **municipality name**: Bennwil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Bennwil COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Bennwil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Waldenburg (district), Waldenburg
- **postal code**: 4431
- **municipality code**: 2882
- **area**: 6.51
- **elevation**: 515
- **neighboring municipalities**: Diegten, Eptingen, Hölstein, Langenbruck, Niederdorf, Basel-Landschaft, Niederdorf, Oberdorf, Basel-Landschaft, Oberdorf
Hölstein

**Hölstein** is a municipality in the district Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Hölstein
- **image photo**: Hoelstein 115.JPG
- **municipality name**: Hölstein
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Hölstein.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Hölstein.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Waldenburg (district), Waldenburg
- **postal code**: 4434
- **municipality code**: 2886
- **area**: 6.03
- **elevation**: 422
- **website**: www.hoelstein.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bennwil, Bubendorf, Diegten, Lampenberg, Niederdorf, Basel-Country, Niederdorf, Ramlinsburg, Tenniken, Zunzgen
Tenniken

**Tenniken** is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Tenniken
- **municipality name**: Tenniken
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Coat of arms of Tenniken.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Tenniken.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Sissach (district), Sissach
- **postal code**: 4456
- **municipality code**: 2863
- **area**: 4.66
- **elevation**: 430
- **website**: www.tenniken.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Diegten, Diepflingen, Hölstein, Thürnen, Wittinsburg, Zunzgen
Lampenberg

**Lampenberg** is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lampenberg
- **image photo**: Lampenberg 176.JPG
- **municipality name**: Lampenberg
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Coat of arms of Lampenberg.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Lampenberg.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Waldenburg (district), Waldenburg
- **postal code**: 4432
- **municipality code**: 2887
- **area**: 3.99
- **elevation**: 522
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bubendorf, Hölstein, Niederdorf, Basel-Landschaft, Niederdorf
Juliet Ace

**Ann Juliet Ace** (27 June 1938 – 6 August 2025) is a British dramatist and screenwriter. She was known for her works on _EastEnders_ and _The District Nurse_. She also wrote scripts for BBC Radio drama, including _The Archers_. She wrote the screenplay for _Cameleon_, which won the Golden Spire Award in 1998. She was born in Llanelli, Carmarthenshire in South Wales.

Ace lives in London. In September 2014 she was made a fellow of the renamed Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance.
Ace lived in London. She died on 6 August 2025, aged 87.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Juliet Ace
- **birth place**: Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, Wales
- **occupation**: Dramatist, screenwriter
- **language**: English, Welsh
- **education**: Rose Bruford College of Speech and Drama
- **children**: Dan Alexander, Catherine Alexander
Langenbruck

**Langenbruck** is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Langenbruck
- **image photo**: Langenbruck-Dorf.jpg
- **municipality name**: Langenbruck
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Langenbruck.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Langenbruck.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Waldenburg (district), Waldenburg
- **postal code**: 4438
- **municipality code**: 2888
- **area**: 15.69
- **elevation**: 734
- **website**: www.langenbruck.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bennwil, Egerkingen (SO), Eptingen, Hägendorf (SO), Holderbank, Solothurn, Holderbank (SO), Mümliswil-Ramiswil (SO), Oberdorf, Basel-Landschaft, Oberdorf, Waldenburg, Switzerland, Waldenburg
Sandy Alderson

**Richard Lynn "Sandy" Alderson** (born November 22, 1947) is an American baseball executive. He was the general manager of the New York Mets from 2010 to 2018. He was an executive with the Oakland Athletics, San Diego Padres and the commissioner's office of Major League Baseball.

In July 2018, Alderson was diagnosed with a returning form of cancer.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Sandy Alderson
- **birth place**: Seattle, Washington (U.S. state), Washington
- **position**: General Manager (baseball), General Manager
- **teams**: * Oakland Athletics (1981–1998)
* San Diego Padres (2005–2009)
* New York Mets (2010–2018)
- **highlights**: * 1989 World Series champion
* 3-time American League champion
* 1-time National League champion
* 2015 Baseball America ,  Baseball America Executive of the Year Award
John Andretti

**John Andrew Andretti** (March 12, 1963 – January 30, 2020) was an American race car driver. He was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He was the older brother of racer Adam Andretti and the nephew of Indianapolis 500 winner Mario Andretti. He won in CART, IMSA GTP, Rolex Sports Car Series, and NASCAR.

In April 2017, Andretti said that he was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer. He died from the disease in Mooresville, North Carolina on January 30, 2020 at the age of 56.
Ginger Baker

**Peter Edward** "**Ginger**" **Baker** (19 August 1939 – 6 October 2019) was an English drummer. He was a founder of the rock band Cream. His work in the 1960s earned him the title of "rock's first superstar drummer". Baker is known for his musical genres jazz fusion, heavy metal and world music.

In 2013, Baker was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In September 2019, his family announced he was critically ill and asked fans to keep him in their prayers. While it was announced Baker was holding his own three days later; he eventually died on 6 October 2019 at the age of 80.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Ginger Baker
- **alt**: Baker behind an elaborate drum kit
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Peter Edward Baker
- **birth place**: Lewisham, London, England
- **death place**: Canterbury, Kent, England
- **years active**: 1954–2019
Johnny Beattie

**John Gerard Beattie MBE**, (9 November 1926 – 9 July 2020) was a Scottish actor and comedian. He was born in Glasgow. He was known for appearing on the sketch show _Scotch & Wry_ and the sitcom _Rab C. Nesbitt_. Later in life, he became known for playing Malcolm Hamilton in the soap opera _River City_.

Beattie was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 2007.

Beattie died on 9 July 2020 under hospice care in Clydebank, Scotland at the age of 93.
Howard S. Becker

**Howard Saul Becker** (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was known for his works to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music.  Becker also wrote extensively on sociological writing styles and methodologies.

Becker's 1963 book _Outsiders_ created the foundations for labeling theory. He worked at the University of Chicago.

Becker died in San Francisco, California on August 16, 2023 at the age of 95.
Nino Benvenuti

**Giovanni "Nino" Benvenuti** (born 26 April 1938 died 20 May 2025) is a retired Italian boxer and actor. He was an amateur welterweight boxer he won the Italian title in 1956–60, the European title in 1957 and 1959, and an Olympic gold medal in 1960. An actor, he is known for his roles in _Sundance and the Kid_ (1969) and then in _Mark Shoots First_ (1975).

Benvenuti was born in Isola d'Istria, at that time in Italy (now in Slovenia). After the war, his family fled to Italy due to the consequences of the war treaty and the hostilities created by the Yugoslav government.  He was added in the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1992.

In 1961, Benvenuti married Giuliana Fonzari; they had four sons and adopted a Tunisian girl. They later divorced, and Benvenuti married Nadia Bertorello, with whom he had one daughter.

Benvenuti died on 20 May 2025, at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (boxer)

- **name**: Nino Benvenuti
- **image**: Nino Benvenuti.jpg
- **caption**: Benvenuti in 2010
- **realname**: Giovanni Benvenuti
- **nickname**: Nino
- **weight**: 79.5 kg
- **nationality**: Italian
- **birth place**: Izola, Isola d'Istria, Kingdom of Italy, Italy
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **style**: Orthodox stance, Orthodox
- **total**: 90
- **wins**: 82
- **ko**: 35
- **losses**: 7
- **draws**: 1
- **show-medals**: yes
Mark Wilson (magician)

**James "Mark" Wilson** (April 11, 1929 – January 19, 2021) was an American magician and author. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He was known for becoming the first major "television magician" and for showing illusions on television format.

Wilson died on January 19, 2021 at the age of 91.
David Berglas

**David Berglas** (30 July 1926 – 3 November 2023) was a British magician and mentalist. He was one of the first magicians to appear on UK television. In the 1950s, Berglas created what is now referred to as the "Holy Grail" of card magic, known as "The Berglas Effect." The effect was first named "The Berglas Effect" by Jon Racherbaumer in his 1984 book _At The Table_

## Movies

- The 1967 version of __Casino Royale__
- Stanley Kubrick's **'Barry Lyndon**'
- Albert R. Broccoli's  **'Octopussy**'
- George Lucas's __Willow__
- Tim Burton's __Batman__

## Honours

Berglas was awarded an MBE in the 2019 New Year Honours List.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: David Berglas
- **image**: David Berglas appearing on "After Dark", 8 July 1989.jpg
- **caption**: David Berglas (1989)
- **occupation**: psychology, psychological magician (paranormal), magician and mentalist.
John Bird (actor)

**John Bird** (22 November 1936 – 24 December 2022) was an English satirist, actor and comedian. He is best known for his work with John Fortune. Bird was born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, England.

Bird is known for his works in _A Dandy in Aspic_ (1968), _30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia_ (1968), _This, That and the Other_ (1969), _Take A Girl Like You_ (1970), _Jabberwocky_ (1977), _The Seven-Per-Cent Solution_ (1976), and _Yellow Pages_ (1988).

Bird died from complications of a stroke at Pendean House Care Home in Midhurst, West Sussex, on 24 December 2022, aged 86.

### Film

- _Red and Blue_ (1967)
- _A Dandy in Aspic_ (1968)
- _30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia_ (1968)
- _This, That and the Other_ (1969)
- _Take A Girl Like You_ (1970)
- _The Breaking of Bumbo_ (1970)
- _The Alf Garnett Saga_ (1972)
- _The Seven-Per-Cent Solution_ (1976)
- _Jabberwocky_ (1977)
- _Yellow Pages_ (1985)
- _A Fish Called Wanda_ (1988)
- _The Strange Case of Delfina Potocka: The Mystery of Chopin_ (1999)

### Television

- _That Was the Week That Was_ (1962–1963)
- _Not So Much a Programme, More a Way of Life_ (1964–1965)
- _My Father Knew Lloyd George_ (1965)
- _If It Moves File It_ (1970)
- _The Melting Pot_ (1975)
- _Blue Remembered Hills_ (1979)
- _The Dangerous Brothers_ (1980)
- _Marmalade Atkins_ (1981–4)
- _King Lear_ (1982)
- _Travelling Man_ (1984)
- _A Very Peculiar Practice_ (1986–8)
- _Yes, Prime Minister_ (1988)
- _Joint Account_ (1989–90)
- _El C.I.D._ (1990–2)
- _Cluedo_ (1993)
- _To Play the King_ (1993)
- _Sooty & Co._ (1993)
- _One Foot in the Grave_ (1995)
- _Chambers_ (1996–9)
- _Bremner, Bird and Fortune_ (1999–2007)
- _Jonathan Creek_ (2000, 2014)
- _Absolute Power_ (2003–5)
- _Bert and Dickie_ (2012)
- _Midsomer Murders_ (2017)

### Theatre

- _One Way Pendulum_ (1988)

### Radio

- _Chambers_ (1996–9)
- _Absolute Power_ (2000–6)
- _Desolation Jests_ (2016)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John Bird
- **birth name**: John Michael Bird
- **birth place**: Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, England
- **death place**: Midhurst, West Sussex, England
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1962–2017
- **spouse**:

- **alma mater**: King's College, Cambridge
Barbara Taylor Bradford

**Barbara Taylor Bradford** OBE, (10 May 1933 – 24 November 2024) was a British-American novelist. Her debut novel, _A Woman of Substance_, was published in 1979 and has sold over 30 million copies worldwide. It ranks as one of the top-ten bestselling novels of all-time. She was born in Leeds, Yorkshire.

Bradford died on 24 November 2024 in New York City at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Barbara Taylor Bradford's blog
Terry Carter

**Terry Carter** (born **John Everett DeCoste**; December 16, 1928 – April 23, 2024) was an American actor and movie director. He was known for his roles as Sgt. Joe Broadhurst on the seven-year TV series _McCloud_ and as Colonel Tigh on the original _Battlestar Galactica_. He was born in New York City.

Carter died in New York City on April 23, 2024 at the age of 95.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Terry Carter
- **image**: Loz terry carter.png
- **caption**: Carter in 2015
- **birth name**: John Everett DeCoste
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, filmmaker
- **spouse**: Anna DeCoste (1964–1990)
Beate Glatved DeCoste (1991–2006)
Selome Zenebe DeCoste
(2009–2024)
- **yearsactive**: 1957–2012
Peter Cellier

**Peter Cellier** (born 12 July 1928) is an English actor. He is known for his role as Sir Frank Gordon in _Yes Minister_ and then _Yes, Prime Minister_ in the 1980s.

## Other websites

- Curriculum vitae

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Cellier
- **image**: Peter Cellier.JPG
- **caption**: Photo by Tim Drury
- **birth name**: Peter F. Cellier
- **birth place**: Hendon, Middlesex, England
- **nationality**: British
- **occupation**: Actor
Stevie Chalmers

**Thomas Stephen Chalmers** (26 December 1935 – 29 April 2019) was a Scottish footballer. He was born in Glasgow. He played as a centre-forward. He is best known for scoring the winning goal for Celtic in the 1967 European Cup Final. From 1964 to 1966, he played for the national team.

In 2017, it was confirmed that Chalmers had dementia. He died on 29 April 2019, at the age of 83.

### Club

|colspan=2|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Continental|colspan=2|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan=2|Dumbarton|1|0|||||0|0|1+|0+|
|colspan=2|Celtic|263|155|47|29|60|31|38|13|408|228|
|colspan=2|Greenock Morton|32|8|0|0|4|3|0|0|36|11|
|colspan=2|Partick Thistle|44|6|||||||44+|6+|

### International appearances

|colspan=3|Scotland national team||
| --- | --- | --- |
|1964|2|2|
|1965|—||
|1966|3|1|

### International goals

- _Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first._
|No.|Date|Venue|Opponent|Score|Result|Competition|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1.|3 October 1964|Ninian Park, Cardiff||**1**–1|2–3|1964–65 British Home Championship|
|2.|21 October 1964|Hampden Park, Glasgow||**2**–0|3–1|1966 FIFA World Cup qualification|
|3.|25 June 1966|Hampden Park, Glasgow||**1**–0|1–1|Friendly match|

## Honours

**Celtic**
- European Cup: 1966–67
- Intercontinental Cup <small>runners-up: 1967</small>
- Scottish League Championship (4): 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69
- Scottish Cup (3): 1964–65, 1966–67, 1968–69
- Scottish League Cup (4): 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70
- Glasgow Cup (4): 1961–62, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1966–67

**Scotland**
- Home Championship: 1966–67

## Other websites

- Player profile  at _The Celtic Wiki_
- Player profile at _The Partick Thistle History Archive_

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Stevie Chalmers
- **fullname**: Thomas Stephen Chalmers
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **position**: Forward (association football)#Centre-forward, Centre forward / Forward (association football)#Outside forward, Outside right
- **youthyears1**: 1953–1955
- **youthyears2**: 1955–1956
- **youthclubs1**: Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C., Kirkintilloch Rob Roy
- **youthclubs2**: Newmarket Town F.C., Newmarket Town
- **years1**: 1956–1959
- **clubs1**: Ashfield F.C., Ashfield
- **years2**: 1959
- **caps2**: 1
- **goals2**: 0
- **clubs2**: Dumbarton F.C., Dumbarton (trialist)
- **years3**: 1959–1971
- **caps3**: 261
- **goals3**: 155
- **clubs3**: Celtic F.C., Celtic
- **years4**: 1971–1972
- **caps4**: 32
- **goals4**: 8
- **clubs4**: Greenock Morton F.C., Morton
- **years5**: 1972–1975
- **caps5**: 44
- **goals5**: 6
- **clubs5**: Partick Thistle F.C., Partick Thistle
- **totalcaps**: 338
- **totalgoals**: 169
- **nationalyears1**: 1962–1967
- **nationalteam1**: Scottish Football League XI, Scottish League XI
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1964–1966
- **nationalteam2**: Scotland national football team, Scotland
- **nationalcaps2**: 5
- **nationalgoals2**: 3
Michael Charlton

**Michael Charlton** (born 1 May 1927) is an Australian-born British journalist and broadcaster. He was born in Sydney. He worked for the BBC in the United Kingdom for many years.

In 1961 he was the inaugural presenter of _Four Corners_, an Australian current affairs programme. In 1963 he was the recipient of the Australian Gold Logie award.
Leah Chase

**Leah Chase** (January 6, 1923 – June 1, 2019) was an American chef, author and television personality. She was born in New Orleans but was raised in Madisonville, Louisiana, before moving back to New Orleans to attend catholic school. Chase was known as the **Queen of Creole Cuisine**. She supported African-American art and Creole cooking. Her restaurant, Dooky Chase, was known as a gathering place during the 1960s among many who participated in the Civil Rights Movement.

Chase died on June 1, 2019 in New Orleans, Louisiana at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Leah Chase New Orleans Online
- Lifetime Achievement Award – Leah Chase  Southern Foodways Alliance (2000)
- Allen, Carol _Listen, I Say Like This_ (biography of Leah Chase) (2002)
- Leah Chase of Dooky Chase Restaurant St. Mary's Academy Newsletter

## Infobox (chef)

- **name**: Leah Chase
- **image**: LeahChaseAp08Crop.jpg
- **caption**: Leah Chase in April 2008
- **birth place**: New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
- **death place**: New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
- **spouse**: Edgar "Dooky" Chase II (m. 1946; died 2016)
- **children**: 4
- **style**: Creole
- **education**: _Colonial Restaurant_, French Quarter, New Orleans, United States
- **restaurants**: _Dooky Chase_
Madisonville, Louisiana

**Madisonville** is a town in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 850 at the 2020 census.
Charles Clarke

**Charles Rodway Clarke** (born 21 September 1950) is an English Labour Party politician. He was born in London. Clarke was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010. He was Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006.

## Other websites

- Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Charles Clarke MP
- TheyWorkForYou.com – Charles Clarke MP
- BBC News – Charles Clarke profile 17 October 2002
Roy Clarke

**Royston Clarke**  OBE (born 28 January 1930) is an English comedy writer. He was born in Austerfield, West Riding of Yorkshire. Clarke is best known for creating the sitcoms _Last of the Summer Wine_, _Keeping Up Appearances_, _Open All Hours_ and its sequel series, _Still Open All Hours_.
John Cocks

**John Cocks** (23 August 1966 – 6 February 2019), also known as **John 'Cocksy' Cocks**, was a New Zealand celebrity builder and television presenter. He was most notable for working on the _My House My Castle_ series in the 1990s for New Zealand's TV2.

In 2016, he was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. He died from the disease on 6 February 2019 at his home in Tairua, New Zealand, aged 52.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John 'Cocksy' Cocks
- **image**: JohnCocks2017.jpg
- **birth place**: New Zealand
- **death place**: Tairua, New Zealand
- **nationality**: New Zealand
- **occupation**: Celebrity Builder
- **years active**: 1998–2019
- **spouse**: Dana Coote
 (m. 2017)
- **children**: 3
Martin Cooper

**Martin** "**Marty**" **Cooper** (December 26, 1928 - ) is an American engineer. He was born in Chicago. Cooper is a pioneer in the wireless communications industry. He is known for creating the first mobile phone.
Kenneth Cope

**Kenneth Charles Cope** (14 April 1931 – 11 September 2024) was an English actor. He was best known for his roles as Marty Hopkirk in _Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)_, Jed Stone in _Coronation Street_ and Ray Hilton in _Brookside_. Cope was born in Liverpool, England.

Cope was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2013. He died on 11 September 2024 from problems caused by the disease in Southport, England at the age of 93.
Michael Craig

**Michael Francis Gregson** (born 27 January 1928), known professionally as **Michael Craig**, is a British actor and screenwriter. He was born in Pune, British India. He is known for his work in theatre, movie and television both in the United Kingdom and Australia.

In movies, he is known for his roles in _Campbell's Kingdom_ (1957),  _Sea of Sand_ (1958), _The Silent Enemy_ (1958), _Sapphire_ (1959), _Doctor in Love_ (1960), _Mysterious Island_ (1961), _The Iron Maiden_ (1962), _Modesty Blaise_ (1966), _Turkey Shoot_ (1982), _Ride a Wild Pony_ (1975) and _Appointment with Death_ (1988).

## Other websites

- Final stage review
Jon Culshaw

**Jonathan Peter Culshaw** (born 2 June 1968) is an English actor, comedian and impressionist. He is best known for his work on the radio comedy _Dead Ringers_ since 2000.

Culshaw has voiced many characters for ITV shows including _2DTV_ (2001), _Spitting Image_ (1994–96) and _Newzoids_ (2015–2016), as well as appearing in _The Impressions Show_ alongside Debra Stephenson from 2009 until 2011.

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Jon Culshaw
- **image**: Jon Culshaw.jpg
- **caption**: Culshaw at the premiere of Miss Potter in 2006
- **birth name**: Jonathan Peter Culshaw
- **birth place**: Ormskirk, Lancashire, England
- **nationality**: British
- **active**: 1980s–present
- **genre**: Impressionist (entertainment), Impressions, sketch comedy
Clive Cussler

**Clive Cussler** (July 15, 1931 – February 24, 2020) was an American adventure novelist and explorer. Cussler was born on July 15, 1931, in Aurora, Illinois, as **Clive Eric Cussler**. He was known for his novels which feature character Dirk Pitt. In 1976, Cussler wrote his third book, which is about the _Titanic_ being raised, _Raise the Titanic!_. They have reached _The New York Times_ fiction best-seller list more than 20 times. In 1980, Clive Cussler’s _Raise the Titanic!_ was adapted into Jerry Jameson’s feature film _Raise the Titanic_. Cussler is the founder and chairman of the real-life National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA). He later died in Paradise Valley, Arizona, on February 24, 2020. At that time, Cussler was aged 88.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **embed title**: Military Service
- **allegiance**: United States
- **branch**: United States Air Force
- **serviceyears**: 1950-1953
- **rank**: Sergeant


## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Clive Cussler
- **image**: Clive Cussler (2011).jpg
- **imagesize**: 250
- **caption**: Cussler in 2011
- **birth name**: Clive Eric Cussler
- **birth place**: Aurora, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Paradise Valley, Arizona, U.S.
- **occupation**: Novelist
- **alma mater**: Pasadena City College
- **period**: 1973–2020
- **genre**: Adventure novel, Adventure
- **notableworks**: _Dirk Pitt_ series
Paul Dewar

**Paul W. Dewar** (January 25, 1963 – February 6, 2019) was a Canadian educator and politician. He was born in Ottawa, Ontario. He was the New Democratic Party (NDP) Member of Parliament (MP) for the riding of Ottawa Centre from 2006 to 2015.

On February 14, 2018, Dewer had surgery for a brain tumour. He was later diagnosed with terminal glioblastoma, a rare form of brain cancer. Dewar died from the disease on February 6, 2019 in Ottawa, aged 56.
Divide and conquer algorithm

The **Divide and Conquer algorithm** (also called the **Divide and Conquer method**) is a basis for many popular sorting algorithms. An algorithm is simply a series of steps to solve a problem. The general idea of divide and conquer is to take a problem and break it apart into smaller problems that are easier to solve.

This idea can be seen in many popular algorithms. A helpful way to think of this idea, would be when a person looks through a dictionary. For example, if they are looking for the word “Dog”, and land on a page with the word “Firetruck”, the person knows that all the pages to the right of firetruck will not contain dog.  They know this because D comes before F in the alphabet. This logic allows a person to spend less time searching, because every time they arrive on a page with the wrong letter, they know that they can ignore the pages to the right or left of that page. This is an example of dividing a problem up into smaller pieces. An algorithm that uses this idea is binary search. For example, to find an item in a sorted list, one would start by looking at the middle item. By comparing the item in the middle to the item one is looking for, one can tell which half of the list the item cannot be in. They only need to look in the other half. One would use this logic again on that half of the list, and so on until there is only one item they need to look at. This way they broke apart the problem of “where in the list is this item” into “which half of the list is this item in” and “where in that half of the list is this item.” Skipping half of the items each time lets them do much less work than looking at every item in the list.
Terrance Dicks

**Terrance Dicks** (14 April 1935 – 29 August 2019) was an English author and former television screenwriter, script editor and producer. Dicks had a long association with the BBC science-fiction series _Doctor Who_, also working as a writer and script editor from 1968 to 1974. He was known as "the most prolific contributor to _Doctor Who_".

Terrance died at his home in Hampstead, London after he short-illness on 29 August 2019 at the age of 84.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Terrance Dicks
- **birth name**: Terrance W. Dicks
- **birth place**: East Ham, Essex, England
- **death place**: Hampstead, London, England
- **alma mater**: Downing College, Cambridge
- **occupation**: Television screenwriter
Script editor
Producer
Children's author
- **known for**: _Doctor Who_ TV scripts, novelisations and novels
- **spouse**: Elsa (née Germaney)
- **children**: 3 sons
Fred Dinenage

**Frederick Edgar Dinenage** MBE (born 8 June 1942) is an English television presenter, broadcaster and author. He was born in Birmingham, West Midlands. He is known for presenting _How_, _How 2_, and _ITV News Meridian_.

## Early life and education

Dinenage was born in Birmingham. He was educated at Portsmouth Grammar School, an independent school in Portsmouth.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Fred Dinenage
- **image**: Fred_Dinenage_HOW_carwash.jpg
- **caption**: Fred Dinenage in 2013
- **imagesize**: 300
- **birth name**: Frederick Edgar Dinenage
- **birth place**: Birmingham, West Midlands, England
- **known for**: Presenting _How (TV series), How_, _How 2_, _ITV News Meridian_
- **education**: Portsmouth Grammar School
- **employer**: ITV Meridian
- **occupation**: Journalist and broadcaster
- **spouse**: Beverley Summers (1967-present)
- **children**: Caroline Dinenage
 Christopher Dinenage
 Sarah Dinenage
While loop

In computer science, a **while loop** is a statement which is used to execute code repeatedly based on a condition. Simply, it can be thought of as a repeating if statement.

## Overview

The while loop consists of two parts: the condition and a block of code. The condition is evaluated and if it is true, the block of code is executed. This repeats until the condition evaluates to false. As a pre-test loop, the while loop checks the condition before the block is executed. In contrast, the do-while loop checks the condition _after_ the loop has executed. A while loop would typically be used when you don't know the number of times you would like to loop over the block of code. Instead, code would continue looping until a particular condition is met. When the number of times a loop is to be executed is already known before the execution of the loop, a for loop would be a better choice.

A template of a while loop is shown below:

## Example

Example code in the C programming language is shown below.

In this example, the loop first checks to see if the variable x is less than 5. Because it is, it will enter the  loop, printing the value of x and then increment x by 1. After completing the code block, it will continue to repeat the code block until x is equal to 5. When x is equal to five, the condition evaluates to false and the code exits the while loop. A loop that continues repeating forever is possible if the condition is always true. When this happens, it is up to the developer to create a statement to exit the loop. An example of this is shown below:  In the above example, the condition while always be true. To exit the loop, a break statement is used when a specific condition inside the loop evaluates to true.
For loop

In computer science, a **for-loop** (or “for loop”) is used to run specified lines of code repeatedly. In different languages, there are different keywords to specify this statement—ways to identify a for loop—but they all do the same task. Most languages use either “for” or “do” as keywords.

A for-loop has two parts: a header, and a body of code. The body consists of a set of instructions (lines of code) that run for each repetition of the loop. The header often declares how many loops to complete, generally indicated by either a loop counter or a loop variable. For-loops are typically used when the number of repetitions are known. For-loops are similar to “while-loops”, but usually have a known number of repetitions.

Sample for-loop in Python:

This for loop prints outs "Hello, world!" ten times.

The name for-loop comes from the English word for, which is the direct translation of the earlier German _für_, used by Heinz Rutishauser, who also helped define ALGOL 58 and 60.

A for-loop is available in most common programming languages. While for-loops in different languages will all fulfill the same task, there are differences on how each programming language deals with for loops.

## Loop Counter

In computer science, a loop counter is a variable that controls how many repetitions the loop will do. Often, the loop counter variable is an integer value that increments by 1 for each completed loop. However, loop counters can also decrement, and can have step sizes other than 1.

Loop counters change each iteration. With each repeat, there is a unique counter value. The loop counter is the deciding factor for when a loop should end and go onto the next section of code.

Common identifier names for loop counters are i, j, and k (and so on, if needed).
Daryl Dragon

**Daryl Frank Dragon** (August 27, 1942 – January 2, 2019) was an American musician and songwriter. He was known as **Captain** from the pop musical duo Captain & Tennille, with his former wife, Toni Tennille.

## Biography

In 1981, Dragon contributed to Carpenters' _Made In America_ album, programming synthesizers on "(Want You) Back In My Life Again". In 1996, Dragon played keyboard on a number of tracks on the self-titled album by pop punk band Size 14.

In 2009, Dragon was diagnosed with a neurological disorder which causes him to have tremors.

Dragon died on January 2, 2019 in Prescott, Arizona from renal failure at the age of 76.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Daryl Dragon
- **image**: Captain and tennille 1976.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **alt**: Captain & Tennille
- **caption**: Dragon with wife Toni Tennille, 1976.
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Daryl Frank Dragon
- **alias**: *Captain
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Prescott, Arizona, U.S.
- **years active**: 1959–2013
- **label**: A&M Records, A&M, Casablanca Records, Casablanca
Toni Tennille

**Cathryn Antoinette "Toni" Tennille** (born May 8, 1940) is an American singer-songwriter and keyboardist. She is best known as one-half of the 1970s duo Captain & Tennille with her former husband Daryl Dragon. Her best known song is "Love Will Keep Us Together".

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Toni Tennille
- **image**: Toni Tennille 1976 (cropped).JPG
- **alt**: Toni Tennille 1976
- **caption**: Toni Tennille in 1976
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Cathryn Antoinette Tennille
- **birth place**: Montgomery, Alabama, United States
- **occupation**: Singing, Singer, songwriter
- **instrument**: Vocals, keyboard instrument, keyboards, piano
- **label**: A&M Records, A&M, Casablanca Records, Casablanca
- **associated acts**: Captain & Tennille
Howard Finkel

**Howard Finkel** (June 7, 1950 – April 16, 2020) was an American professional wrestling ring announcer. He worked with WWE since 1977. He began working for Vince McMahon Sr.'s World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) in 1975 and was a ring announcer, beginning in  1977. Finkel was seen as one of the best ring announcers of all time.

Finkel died on April 16, 2020 in Madison, Connecticut from problems caused by a rare-form of brain disease at the age of 69.

## Job titles

- _WWF Superstars of Wrestling_ ring announcer
- _Heat_ ring announcer
- _Byte This_ host
- _Raw_ ring announcer (January 1993 - 1997)
- _SmackDown_ ring announcer
- House show ring announcer
- Madison Square Garden ring announcer
- Madison Square Garden color commentator
- WWE Hall of Fame announcer (WrestleMania)
- Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) ring announcer

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **name**: Howard Finkel
- **image**: Howard the fink.jpg
- **caption**: Finkel in April 2014
- **names**: **Howard Finkel**
El Dopo
The Fink
Finkus Maximus
- **birth place**: Newark, New Jersey, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Madison, Connecticut, U.S.
- **children**: 1
- **debut**: 1975
Bamber Gascoigne

**Arthur Bamber Gascoigne**  (24 January 1935 – 8 February 2022) was a British television presenter and author. He is best known for being the original quizmaster on _University Challenge_, which ran from 1962 to 1987. He was born in London.

Gascoigne died on 8 February 2022 in London at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- _HistoryWorld_ website
- Timesearch website
- Gascoigne at the Magdalene College alumni website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bamber Gascoigne
- **image**: Bamber Gascoigne.JPG
- **caption**: Gascoigne in 2006
- **birth name**: Arthur Bamber Gascoigne
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: Richmond, London, England
- **nationality**: British
- **known for**: Original quizmaster of  _University Challenge_
- **education**: Sunningdale School
Eton College
Magdalene College, Cambridge
Yale University
- **occupation**: Television presenter, historian, author
- **spouse**: Christina Ditchburn
- **website**: [http://www.historyworld.net/ _HistoryWorld_]
[http://www.timesearch.info/timesearch/ _Timesearch_]
Alasdair Gray

**Alasdair Gray** (28 December 1934 – 29 December 2019) was a Scottish writer and artist. His first novel, _Lanark_, published in 1981, was written over almost 30 years. It was described by _The Guardian_ as "one of the landmarks of 20th-century fiction."

Gray died at a hospital in Glasgow of pneumonia-related problems on 29 December 2019, a day after his 85th birthday.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Alasdair Gray
- **image**: Alasdair Gray (1994) by Guenter Prust.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **death place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **occupation**: Novelist, artist, playwright, academic, teacher, poet, muralist, illustrator
- **genre**: Science fiction, dystopian novel, dystopianism, surrealism, Realism (arts), realism
- **movement**: Postmodern literature
- **notableworks**: _Lanark: A Life in Four Books_
 _1982, Janine_
 _Poor Things_
 _The Book of Prefaces_
Kurt Hamrin

**Kurt Roland Hamrin** (; born 19 November 1934, died 4 February 2024) is a Swedish retired footballer. He is the eighth highest goalscorer of all-time in Italy's Serie A, with 190 goals. He was a member of the Swedish team that reached the 1958 FIFA World Cup Final.

### Club

- ACF Fiorentina
- Italian Cup: 1960–61, 1965–66
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1960–61
- Mitropa Cup: 1966

- A.C. Milan
- Italian Serie A: 1967–68
- European Cup: 1968–69
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1967–68

### International

- Sweden
- 1958 FIFA World Cup: runner-up

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Kurt Hamrin
- **image**: Kurt Hamrin (1970).jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Kurt Hamrin in 1970
- **fullname**: Kurt Roland Hamrin
- **birth place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **death place**: Florence, Italy
- **position**: Midfielder#Winger, Winger
- **youthyears1**: 1946–1947
- **youthclubs1**: Huvudsta IS
- **youthyears2**: 1947–1948
- **youthclubs2**: Råsunda IS
- **youthyears3**: 1949–1951
- **youthclubs3**: AIK Fotboll, AIK
- **years1**: 1952–1955
- **clubs1**: AIK Fotboll, AIK
- **caps1**: 62
- **goals1**: 54
- **years2**: 1956–1957
- **clubs2**: Juventus F.C., Juventus
- **caps2**: 23
- **goals2**: 8
- **years3**: 1957–1958
- **clubs3**: Padova Calcio, Padova
- **caps3**: 30
- **goals3**: 20
- **years4**: 1958–1967
- **clubs4**: ACF Fiorentina, Fiorentina
- **caps4**: 289
- **goals4**: 150
- **years5**: 1967–1969
- **clubs5**: A.C. Milan
- **caps5**: 36
- **goals5**: 9
- **years6**: 1969–1971
- **clubs6**: S.S.C. Napoli, Napoli
- **caps6**: 22
- **goals6**: 3
- **years7**: 1971–1972
- **clubs7**: IFK Stockholm
- **caps7**: 10
- **goals7**: 5
- **totalcaps**: 472
- **totalgoals**: 249
- **nationalyears1**: 1953–1965
- **nationalteam1**: Sweden national football team, Sweden
- **nationalcaps1**: 32
- **nationalgoals1**: 17
Jerry Hardin

**Jerry Hardin** (born November 20, 1929) is an American actor. Hardin has appeared in movies and television roles, although he is perhaps best known as the character Deep Throat in the series _The X-Files_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jerry Hardin
- **birth place**: Dallas, Texas, United States
- **alma mater**: Southwestern University
 Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
- **yearsactive**: 1958–present
- **occupation**: Actor
- **spouse**: Diane Hardin
- **children**: Melora Hardin
 Shawn Hardin
David Hedison

**Albert David Hedison Jr.** (May 20, 1927 – July 18, 2019) was an American actor.

In 1959, he starred as Victor Sebastian in the short-lived espionage television series _Five Fingers_. He was known for his role as Captain Lee Crane in Irwin Allen's television series _Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea_ and as CIA agent Felix Leiter in two James Bond movies, _Live and Let Die_ and _Licence to Kill_.

Hedison had two daughters, Serena and Alexandra Hedison. Alexandra is married to actress Jodie Foster.

Hedison died on July 18, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 92.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: David Hedison
- **image**: 10.17.09DavidHedisonByLuigiNovi.jpg
- **caption**: Hedison at the Big Apple Comic Con, Big Apple Convention, 2009
- **birth name**: Albert David Hedison Jr.
- **birth place**: Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **other names**: Al Hedison
- **spouse**: Bridget Mori Hedison (1968–2016; her death)
- **children**: 2, including Alexandra Hedison
- **years active**: 1949–2005
- **occupation**: Actor
Nicky Henson

**Nicholas Victor Leslie Henson** (12 May 1945 – 15 December 2019) was an English actor. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1977. He was known for his roles in _Witchfinder General_ (1968), _There's a Girl in My Soup_ (1970), _Mosquito Squadron_ (1970) and _Psychomania_ (1971).

Henson died on 15 December 2019 from lymphoma, aged 74.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nicky Henson
- **birth name**: Nicholas Victor Leslie Henson
- **birth place**: London, England
- **yearsactive**: 1964–2019
- **occupation**: Actor
- **spouse**: Una Stubbs (1969–75)
Marguerite Porter (1986–2019)
- **children**: 3
Frazer Hines

**Frazer Hines** (born 22 September 1944) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Jamie McCrimmon in _Doctor Who_ and Joe Sugden in _Emmerdale_. Hines appeared in 117 episodes of the original series of _Doctor Who_; only the first four Doctors appeared in more episodes. He was born in Horsforth, West Riding of Yorkshire.
Michel Houellebecq

**Michel Houellebecq** (; born **Michel Thomas**; 26 February 1956) is a French author, filmmaker, and poet.

His first book was a biographical essay on the horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. Houellebecq published his first novel, _Whatever_, in 1994. His next novels _Atomised_, published in 1998, and _Platform_ followed in 2001 were also his best known works.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Michel Houellebecq
- **birth name**: Michel Thomas
- **image**: 2008.06.09. Michel Houellebecq Fot Mariusz Kubik 03.jpg
- **caption**: Houellebecq in 2008
- **birth place**: Saint-Pierre, Réunion, Saint-Pierre, Réunion
- **occupation**: Novelist, Film director, filmmaker and poet