Hinduism in Pakistan

**Hinduism** is the second-largest religion in Pakistan, with 2.17% of the population being Hindus, around 5.2 million people, according to the 2023 Pakistani census. However, the Pakistan Hindu Council claims 8-10 million Hindus, making up 4% of the population. Umerkot District has the highest percentage of Hindus, at 52.2% of the population. Tharparkar District has the most Hindus in total, with 714,698 people.

Most Hindus in Pakistan live in Punjab and Sindh. They speak different languages like Sindhi, Gujarati, Telugu, Tamil, Seraiki, Aer and Dhatki. In rural Sindh, the diversity of beliefs often makes it hard to define Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Islam strictly. Even though Pakistan is mostly Muslim, Sindh has a strong Hindu heritage.

## Persecution

Hindus are one of the most persecuted minorities in Pakistan. When the country was created, Hindus accounted for 19.2% of Pakistan's population. In 2025, Hindus account for merely 1.6% of the country's population. The steep decline in Pakistani Hindus population is a continous result of systematic rape, abduction and forced marriage of underaged Hindu girls by Muslims. Forced coversions of Hindus and organized killings by the fraudulent use and weaponization of Islamic blasphemy laws have led to the dwindling population of this persecuted minority.

The Pakistani constitution officially prohibits non-Muslims from holding positions in the country like president, prime minister and chief justice. The Pakistani justice system is negligent in protecting minorities, as is well documented in journals and studies on the websites of the United Nations and Pew Research Center.

### Population

The official number of Hindus living in Pakistan was 5.2 million, or 2.17% of the population, in the country's 2023 census. However, demographic experts of Pakistan and various Hindu politicians in the have given different estimates based on their research:
|Source/claimed by|Population|Year of claimed|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Pakistan Hindu Council|8,000,000|2020|
|Gulf News (U.A.E based)|8,800,000|2019|
|The Economic Times (according to an official estimation)|7,500,000|2021|
|According to Hindu community of Pakistan|9,000,000|2021|
|Claimed by Mangla Sharma, member provincial assembly (MPA) from Muttahida Quami Movement-Pakistan (MQM-P)|10,000,000|2020|

### Percentage by district

Following is a table showing the percentage of Hindus in the districts of Pakistan:
|**Administrative Unit**|**District**|**Percentage of Hindus**|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="24"|**Sindh**|**Umerkot**|style="background: #FF0800"|**54.53%**|
|**Tharparkar**|style="background:orange"|**43.39%**|||
|**Mirpurkhas**|style="background:orange"|**38.74%**|||
|**Tando Allahyar**|style="background:orange"|**34.17%**|||
|**Badin**|style="background:  #fad67d"|**23.61%**|||
|**Tando Muhammad Khan**|style="background: #fad67d"|**22.25%**|||
|**Sanghar**|style="background: #fad67d"|**21.79%**|||
|**Matiari**|style="background: #fad67d"|**16.66%**|||
|**Hyderabad**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**8.22%**|||
|**Ghotki**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**6.19%**|||
|**Karachi South**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**4.01%**|||
|**Jamshoro**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3.87%**|||
|**Shaheed Benazirabad**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3.86%**|||
|**Sukkur**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3.55%**|||
|**Kashmore**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3.22%**|||
|**Thatta**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3%**|||
|**Sujawal District**|style="background: #faecc8"|**2.91%**|||
|**Khairpur**|style="background: #faecc8"|**2.76%**|||
|**Jacobabad**|style="background: #faecc8"|**2.16%**|||
|**Malir**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.77%**|||
|**Naushahro Feroze**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.64%**|||
|**Larkana**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.45%**|||
|**Shikarpur**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.4%**|||
|**Karachi East**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.38%**|||
|rowspan="2"|**Punjab**|**Rahim Yar Khan**|style="background: #FFB6C1"|**3.12%**|
|**Bahawalpur**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.12%**|||
|rowspan="5"|**Balochistan**|**Sibi**|style="background: #faecc8"|**2.4%**|
|**Lasbela**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.58%**|||
|**Jaffarabad**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.34%**|||
|**Kacchi**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1.04%**|||
|**Mastung**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1%**|||
|rowspan="2"|**Khyber Pakhtunkhwa**|**Kohat**|style="background: #faecc8"|**1%**|