juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Miele

**Miele** is a German manufacturer of domestic appliances, commercial equipment and fitted kitchens. Its headquarter is in Gütersloh, Germany. The company was founded in 1899 by Carl Miele and Reinhard Zinkann, and has always been a family owned and run company.

Miele is notable. It exports to 47 countries, and especially to the USA, where its corporate headquarters is in Princeton N.J. The company has won awards. Miele was recognized as Best Company and also achieved a top-five place in the category Best Product Brand. Miele was honoured as Best Domestic Appliance Brand in the UK by Which? in 2007 and again in 2008, being only one of two brands to win twice in a row. They won again in 2010.

It competes against brands such as Küppersbusch, Gaggenau, Fagor, Viking Range, Dacor, Asko, Jenn-Air, and Thermador.

Miele's slogan in German is _immer besser_ which literally translates to "always/continuously better".

## Other websites

- Miele official website (in German)
Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn

**Michael John Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn**,  (3 July 1945 – 29 April 2018) was a British politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Springburn from 1979 to 2005, and then for Glasgow North East until 2009. He sat as a Labour MP until his election as Speaker of the House of Commons in 2000, and was Speaker for nine years until his resignation in 2009. He also stood down from the House of Commons on the following day.

Martin died in the morning of the 29 April 2018 of a short-illness at the age of 72.

## Other websites

- Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Michael Martin MP
- TheyWorkForYou.com – Michael Martin MP
- Biography and profile in the _Sunday Times_ 27 July 2008
- Conservative MPs accuse Speaker of bias and threaten to walk out
- Profile, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 24 February 2008

## Infobox (speaker)

- **image**: Michael Martin MP.jpg
- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Lord Martin of Springburn
- **caption**: Martin in the House of Lords, 2015
- **office**: Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom), Speaker of the House of Commons
- **term start**: 23 October 2000
- **term end**: 21 June 2009
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **primeminister**: Tony Blair
Gordon Brown
- **predecessor**: Betty Boothroyd
- **successor**: John Bercow
- **office1**: Chairman of Ways and Means#List of First Deputy Chairmen of Ways and Means, First Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means
- **term start1**: 14 May 1997
- **term end1**: 23 October 2000
- **1blankname1**: Speaker
- **1namedata1**: Betty Boothroyd
- **predecessor1**: Geoffrey Lofthouse, Baron Lofthouse of Pontefract, Geoffrey Lofthouse
- **successor1**: Sylvia Heal
- **office2**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Glasgow North East (UK Parliament constituency), Glasgow North East
<small>Glasgow Springburn (UK Parliament constituency), Glasgow Springburn (1979–2005)</small>
- **majority2**: 10,134 (35.7%)
- **term start2**: 3 May 1979
- **term end2**: 22 June 2009
- **predecessor2**: Richard Buchanan (politician), Richard Buchanan
- **successor2**: Willie Bain
- **birth name**: Michael John Martin
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **nationality**: British
- **spouse**: Mary Martin
- **party**: Crossbencher, Crossbench
- **otherparty**: Labour Party (UK), Labour (1966–2000)
Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom), Speaker (2000–09)
- **children**: Paul Martin (Scottish politician), Paul Martin
Lester James Peries

Sri Lankabhimanya **Lester James Peries** (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකාභිමාන්‍ය **ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්**) (5 April 1919 – 29 April 2018) was a Sri Lankan movie director, screenwriter, and movie producer. He was known for his works _Rekava_, _Gamperaliya_, _Nidhanaya_, _Golu Hadawatha_, _Kaliyugaya_, _Awaragira_ and _Yuganthaya_.

His movie _Wekande Walauwa_ was Sri Lanka's first ever submission for the Academy Awards.

## Other websites

- Sri Lanka Sinhala Cinema Database – Dr. Lester James Peries
- Official Website of Lester James Peries in association with Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Sri Lanka
- ආචාර්ය ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස් ලොව ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨතම සිනමාකරුවා වෙයි
- ඔබට සුබ උපන් දිනයක් වේවා
- ආචාර්ය ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස් ගැන සිනමා කිවිඳිය සුමිත්‍රා පීරිස්ගේ ආදරණීය හෙළිදරව්ව

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sri Lankabhimanya
 Lester James Peries
- **image**: Lester 1.jpg
- **birth place**: Dehiwela, British Ceylon
- **death place**: Colombo, Sri Lanka
- **years active**: 1949–2006
- **spouse**: Sumitra Peries (1964–2018; his death)
- **parents**: Dr. James Peries, Mrs. Winifred Jayasuriya
- **relatives**: Erica Leitan, Ivan Peries, Noel Peries
- **occupation**: Film director, Film producer and Screenwriter
Sumitra Peries

"Kala Keerthi" **Sumitra Peries** (24 March 1934 – 19 January 2023) is a Sri Lankan movie director and diplomat. She is known as the "Poetess of Sinhala Cinema". She also held the post of Sri Lanka's ambassador to France, Spain and the United Nations in the late 1990s. Her best known works are _Gehenu Lamai_, _Ganga Addara_ and _Yahaluvo_. She was married to director Dr. Lester James Peries.

## Other websites

- Female genius behind the camera
- Official Website of Lester James Peries in association with Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Sri Lanka

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sumitra Peries
- **birth place**: Avissawella, British Ceylon
- **death place**: Colombo, Sri Lanka
- **spouse**: Lester James Peries (1964–2018)
Faure Gnassingbé

**Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé Eyadéma** (; born 6 June 1966) is a Togolese politician. He has been the President of Togo since 2005. Before his election, he was appointed by his father, President Gnassingbé Eyadéma, as a Minister from 2003 to 2005.

In the April 2015 presidential election, Gnassingbé won a third term, defeating his main challenger, Jean-Pierre Fabre, by a margin of about 59% to 35%, according to official results. Many Togolese are tired of the Gnassingbés ruling Togo and have been protesting against his government. They say that France, which used to run Togo as part of its empire, put the family in power.

In October 2021, Faure Gnassingbé received the “HeForShe” distinction from UN Women on Friday for his policy of promoting women, and gender equity and equality, announced the government portal République Togolaise. HeForShe (Lui pour Elle) is a global solidarity movement led by UN Women for greater equality and gender equity. Friday received the 'HeForShe' distinction from UN Women, for its policy of promoting woman, and gender equity and equality, announces the government portal Togolese Republic. HeForShe (Him for Her) is a global solidarity movement led by UN Women for greater equality and gender equity.

On May 3, 2025, Faure Gnassingbé was sworn in as President of the Council.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Violent rioting, deaths follow disputed election in Togo, Wikinews
- Togo Elections on Tv

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Faure Gnassingbé
- **image**: Faure Gnassingbé 2014.png
- **office**: 4th President of Togo
- **term start**: 4 May 2005
- **primeminister**: Koffi Sama
Edem Kodjo
Yawovi Agboyibo
Komlan Mally
Gilbert Houngbo
Kwesi Ahoomey-Zunu
Komi Sélom Klassou
- **predecessor**: Bonfoh Abass
- **term start2**: 5 February 2005
- **term end2**: 25 February 2005
- **primeminister2**: Koffi Sama
- **predecessor2**: Gnassingbé Eyadéma
- **successor2**: Bonfoh Abass
- **birth place**: Lacs, Togo, Afagnan, Togo
- **party**: Union for the Republic (Togo), UNIR
Rally of the Togolese People, RPT
- **spouse**: Nana Ama Kuffour
- **relations**: Gnassingbé Eyadéma
Kpatcha Gnassingbé, Kpatcha
- **alma mater**: Paris Dauphine University
George Washington University, George Washington
Taro Kono

is a Japanese politician. He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. He is a member of the House of Representatives. He was Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Prime Minister Shinzo Abe cabinet from 3 August 2017 until 11 September 2019.

On 3 September 2021, Kono announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic Party leadership in the 2021 election. He lost the election to former Foreign Affairs Minister Fumio Kishida on 29 September.

In August 2024, Kono announced his second candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership election to replace Prime Minister Fumio Kishida. He lost the election to former Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba on 27 September 2024.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Taro Kono
- **native name lang**: ja
- **image**: Tarō Kōno 20100712 (cropped).jpg
- **office**: Minister for Digital Transformation
- **primeminister**: Fumio Kishida
- **term start**: 10 August 2022
- **term end**: 1 October 2024
- **predecessor**: Karen Makishima
- **successor**: Masaaki Taira
- **office1**: Minister for Administrative Reform and Regulatory Reform
- **primeminister1**: Yoshihide Suga
- **term start1**: 16 September 2020
- **term end1**: 4 October 2021
- **predecessor1**: Ryota Takeda
- **successor1**: Karen Makishima
- **primeminister2**: Shinzo Abe
- **term start2**: 7 October 2015
- **term end2**: 3 August 2016
- **predecessor2**: Haruko Arimura
- **successor2**: Kozo Yamamoto
- **office3**: Minister of Defense (Japan), Minister of Defense
- **primeminister3**: Shinzo Abe
- **term start3**: 11 September 2019
- **term end3**: 16 September 2020
- **predecessor3**: Takeshi Iwaya
- **successor3**: Nobuo Kishi
- **office4**: Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan), Minister for Foreign Affairs
- **primeminister4**: Shinzo Abe
- **term start4**: 3 August 2017
- **term end4**: 11 September 2019
- **predecessor4**: Fumio Kishida
- **successor4**: Toshimitsu Motegi
- **office5**: Chairperson of the National Public Safety Commission, Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission
- **primeminister5**: Shinzo Abe
- **term start5**: 7 October 2015
- **term end5**: 3 August 2016
- **predecessor5**: Eriko Yamatani
- **successor5**: Jun Matsumoto (politician), Jun Matsumoto
- **term start6**: 21 October 1996
- **predecessor6**: _Constituency established_
- **birth place**: Hiratsuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Kanagawa, Japan
- **spouse**: Kaori Kono
- **party**: Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), Liberal Democratic
- **father**: Yōhei Kōno
- **alma mater**: Georgetown University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2021
- **children**: 1
- **relatives**: Ichirō Kōno
(paternal grandfather)
Kenzō Kōno (great-uncle)
:ja:河野治平, Jihei Kōno
(great-grandfather)
:ja:田川平三郎, Heizaburo Tagawa
(great-grandfather)
Heiko Maas

**Heiko Josef Maas** (born 19 September 1966) is a German politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Angela Merkel, and took office on 14 March 2018.

He served as Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection from 17 December 2013 to 14 March 2018. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.

## Other websites

- Heiko Maas  at wahl.de

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Heiko Maas
- **image**: 2017-11-29-Heiko Maas-Maischberger-5685.jpg
- **office**: Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs
- **chancellor**: Angela Merkel
- **term start**: 14 March 2018
- **term end**: 8 December 2021
- **predecessor**: Sigmar Gabriel
- **successor**: Annalena Baerbock
- **office2**: Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection, Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection
- **chancellor2**: Angela Merkel
- **term start2**: 17 December 2013
- **term end2**: 14 March 2018
- **predecessor2**: Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger, Sabine Leutheusser-
Schnarrenberger
Ilse Aigner
- **successor2**: Katarina Barley
- **office3**: Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party in Saarland
- **term start3**: 16 November 2000
- **term end3**: 10 March 2018
- **predecessor3**: Reinhard Klimmt
- **successor3**: Anke Rehlinger
- **office4**: Politics of Saarland, Deputy Minister President of Saarland
- **1namedata4**: Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
- **term start4**: 9 May 2012
- **term end4**: 17 December 2013
- **predecessor4**: Peter Jacoby
- **successor4**: Anke Rehlinger
- **office5**: Politics of Saarland, Minister for the Economy, Labour, Energy and Transport of Saarland
- **1namedata5**: Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
- **term start5**: 9 May 2012
- **term end5**: 17 December 2013
- **predecessor5**: Peter Jacoby
- **successor5**: Anke Rehlinger
- **office6**: Politics of Saarland, Minister for Energy, Transport and the Environment
- **1namedata6**: Reinhard Klimmt
- **term start6**: 9 November 1998
- **term end6**: 29 September 1999
- **predecessor6**: Willy Leonhardt
- **successor6**: Stefan Mörsdorf
- **office7**: Member of the Bundestag
 for Saarland
- **term start7**: 24 September 2017
- **predecessor7**: Elke Ferner
- **office8**: Member of the Landtag of Saarland
- **term start8**: 16 October 1994
- **term end8**: 17 December 2013
- **birth name**: Heiko Josef Maas
- **birth place**: Saarlouis, West Germany
- **party**: Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party
- **alma mater**: Saarland University
- **signature**: Heiko Maas Signature.svg
Ingemar Hedberg

**Ingemar Harald Robert Hedberg** (8 March 1920 – 19 May 2019) was a Swedish sprint canoeist. He competed in the early 1950s. He won the silver medal in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. Hedberg also won three gold medals at the 1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Copenhagen.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **image**: Ingemar Hedberg SOK.jpg
- **birth place**: Örebro, Sweden
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **sport**: Canoe racing
- **club**: Brunnsvikens Kanotklubb, Stockholm
- **show-medals**: yes
Mozambican Civil War

The **Mozambican Civil War** was a civil war fought in Mozambique from 1977 to 1992. Like many regional African wars during the late twentieth century, the Mozambican Civil War was affected by the Cold War politics. The war was fought between Mozambique's ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) and insurgent forces of the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO).

he Mozambican Civil War destroyed much of Mozambique's rural infrastructure, including hospitals, rail lines, roads, and schools. FRELIMO's security forces and RENAMO insurgents were accused of committing numerous human rights abuses, including using child soldiers and salting a significant percentage of the countryside indiscriminately with land mines.
Sovereign (British coin)

The **sovereign** is a gold coin of the United Kingdom, with a nominal value of one pound sterling.

It has been struck from 1817 until the present day. it was originally a circulating coin accepted in Britain and elsewhere in the world. Now it is a bullion coin and is sometimes mounted in jewellery.

A **bullion coin** is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. The United Kingdom defines investment coins as "coins that have been minted after 1800, have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are, or have been, legal tender in their country of origin".

In most recent years, it has the well-known design of Saint George and the Dragon on the reverse—the initials () of the designer, Benedetto Pistrucci, is to the right of the date.

The British government promoted the use of the sovereign as an aid to international trade. The Royal Mint took lightweight gold coins out of circulation. From the 1850s until 1932, the sovereign was also struck at colonial mints, initially in Australia, and later in Canada, South Africa and India. They have been struck again in India since 2013 for the local market. The sovereigns issued in Australia initially carried a unique local design, but by 1887, all new sovereigns bore Pistrucci's George and Dragon design. Strikings there were so large that by 1900, about 40 per cent of the sovereigns in Britain had been minted in Australia.

With the start of the First World War in 1914, the sovereign vanished from circulation in Britain, replaced by paper money, and it did not return after the war, though issues at colonial mints continued until 1932. The coin was still used in the Middle East, and demand rose in the 1950s, which the Royal Mint eventually responded to by striking new sovereigns in 1957. It has been struck since then both as a bullion coin and, beginning in 1979, for collectors. Though the sovereign is no longer in circulation, it is still legal tender in the United Kingdom.
La rosa de Guadalupe

***La Rosa de Guadalupe*** (English language: ***Guadalupe's Rose*** or ***The Rose of Guadalupe***)  is a Mexican anthology supernatural drama television series. It was created by Carlos Mercado Orduña and produced by Miguel Ángel Herros for Televisa. This series connects to the Catholic religion, specifically to the Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe. It premiered on February 5, 2008. As of 2017, the actress Helena Rojo is the presenter of each episode.

Starting in May 2017, "La rosa de Guadalupe" began broadcasting episodes with more crude stories. These stories touch more explicit topics such as rape, incest, sexual harassment, murder, drug addiction, etc.

On July 22, 2017, the 1000th episode "The bastard sister" was aired.
Álvaro Noboa

**Álvaro Fernando Noboa Pontón** (born November 21, 1950) is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. He was born in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Noboa has been actively involved in politics, unsuccessfully running for the office of President of Ecuador in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009 and 2013.  In 2007, however, he was elected national assemblyman. In 2013 Noboa ran for office for the fifth time unsuccessfully.

In 1997, already owning 24% of Bonita Bananas, Noboa purchased another 25% of the shares, the holding company for the family business.  Presently, he runs the Noboa Group of Companies and Noboa Corporation, with more than 110 companies in Ecuador.

His son, Daniel Noboa Azin, is the current President of Ecuador.

## Other websites

- PRIAN campaign official website
- Ecuador's Presidential Election: Background on Economic Issues, issue brief from the Center for Economic and Policy Research
Napoleon Chagnon

**Napoleon Alphonseau Chagnon** ( ; August 27, 1938 – September 21, 2019) was an American anthropologist, professor of anthropology at the University of Missouri in Columbia. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Chagnon was known for his long-term ethnographic field work among the Yanomamö.

Chagnon died at the age of 81 on September 21, 2019 in Traverse City, Michigan.

## Other websites

- Brockmann, John. "Edge Special Event feat. Napoleon Chagnon", _Edge.org_, 6 June 2013.
- Grossman, Andrew. "Napoleon Chagnon's Waterloo", _The Dartmouth Review_, 30 October 2000.
- Wallace, Scott. "Napoleon in Exile", _National Geographic Adventure Magazine_, April 2002.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Napoleon Chagnon
- **birth place**: Port Austin, Michigan
- **death place**: Traverse City, Michigan
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: University of Michigan (B.A., M.A., Ph.D.)
- **thesis title**: Yanomamö Warfare, Social Organization and Marriage Alliances
- **thesis year**: 1966
- **doctoral advisor**: Leslie White
- **known for**: Reproductive theory of violence, ethnography of Yanomamö
- **influences**: Meyer Fortes, Sewall Wright, E.O. Wilson
Angélica María

**Angélica María** (born **Angélica María Hartman Ortiz** on September 27, 1944) is an American-born Mexican actress and a Latin Grammy Award-winning singer-songwriter. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She is the mother of singer Angélica Vale.

Between June 2013 and 2014, Angelica formed part of the jury of the Spanish-language version of The X Factor, which was broadcast starting that summer on MundoFox in the United States.

## Other websites

- Angélica María at the Telenovela Database
- Angélica María's Publicist's Official Mini-Site
- _Angelica Maria_: Official site in Spanish
- Angélica María's music at Liquid Spins
Angélica Vale

**Angélica Vale** (born **Angélica María Vale Hartman**; November 11, 1975) is a Mexican-American actress, singer, and comedian. She is known also as the daughter of Angélica María.

She is known for her role as the protagonist of _La Fea Más Bella_ (_The Prettiest Ugly Girl_), a Mexican telenovela, with her real-life mother. She starred in the webnovela _No me hallo_ as Luchita Guerra.

Early in 2012, Vale was a team captain on the Mexican TV Show _Parodiando_, of Televisa network. Vale became a U.S. citizen in 2016, while retaining her Mexican citizenship.

## Other websites

- at tv.com
- Webnovela No Me Hallo – Angelica Vale

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Angélica Vale
- **image**: 2009 Ice Age 3 Los Angeles Premiere (3).jpg
- **caption**: Vale in 2009
- **birth name**: Angélica María Vale Hartman
- **birth place**: Mexico City, Mexico
- **citizenship**: Mexican (1975–present)
American (2016–present)
- **other names**: La Vale
- **parents**: Raul Vale
Angélica María
- **spouse**: Otto Padrón (2011–present)
- **children**: Angélica Masiel (b. 2012)
Daniel Nicolás (b. 2014)
- **years active**: 1975–present
- **occupation**: Actress, singer, comedian
Marco Antonio Solís

**Marco Antonio Solís Sosa** (born December 29, 1959) is a Mexican singer, musician, composer, actor, and record producer.

Solís has been awarded five Latin Grammy Awards, two Lo Nuestro Awards, has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and has been inducted into the Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame.

## Other websites

- Official site (Spanish)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer
- **years active**: 1970–present
- **associated acts**: Los Bukis


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Marco Antonio Solís
- **image**: MarcoAntonioSolisCollage-1-1000 adjusted.jpg
- **alt**: Marco Antonio Solís Sosa in Trozos de Mi Alma 2 (2016)
- **caption**: Solís in a publicity photo for his 2006 album _Trozos de Mi Alma 2_
- **birth name**: Marco Antonio Solís Sosa
- **birth place**: Ario de Rosales, Michoacán, Mexico
- **occupation**: Singer, musician, composer, actor, record producer, businessman
- **spouse**: Beatriz Adriana (divorced)

- **children**: 4
Benny Fredriksson

**Benny Holger Fredriksson** (2 July 1959 – 17 March 2018) was a Swedish actor and theatre director. He was born in Hägersten, Sweden. He served as CEO of Kulturhuset Stadsteatern in Stockholm from 2002 to 2017.

After sixteen years as CEO, Fredriksson resigned in December 2017 and took his own life three months later, after receiving harsh criticism in the wake of Me Too movement for his alleged tough leadership style and sexual abuse allegations. However, after his death, it was revealed some allegations towards him were false.

Fredriksson committed suicide on 17 March 2018, while on vacation in Sydney, Australia at the age of 58.
Corticosteroid

**Corticosteroids** are a class of steroid hormones made in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates. The term is also used for the synthetic analogues of these hormones.

The two main classes of corticosteroids are glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. They do a wide range of physiological processes:

- stress response,
- immune response,
- regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

**Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed** (13 May 1905 – 11 February 1977) was the fifth President of India from 1974 to 1977 and also the 2nd President of India to die in office.

## Early life

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was born on 13 May 1905 at the Hauz Qazi area of Old Delhi, India.He met Jawaharlal Nehru in England in 1925. He joined the Indian National Congress. He actively participated in the Indian freedom movement. In 1942 he was arrested in the Quit India movement. He was send to prison for 3 1/2 years as punishment by the British rule. He was a member of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee from 1936. He was the member of All India Congress Committee from 1947 to 1974.

## As President

Fakhruddin was chosen for the President election by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1974. In 20 August 1974, he was elected as the President of India.He became the second Muslim to be elected as the President. He was the second Indian president to die in office. He died on 11 February 1977 due to a heart attack, at the age of 72.

## References

- _Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed_, by M. A. Naidu, 1975
- _Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed_, by Attar Chand. Pub. Homeland, 1975.

## Other websites

- Legends of Assam
- Fifth Lok Sabha Members Official Bioprofile

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
- **image**: Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 1977 stamp of India.jpg
- **office**: 5th President of India
- **primeminister**: Indira Gandhi
- **vicepresident**: B. D. Jatti
Gopal Swarup Pathak
- **term start**: 24 August 1974
- **term end**: 11 February 1977
- **predecessor**: V. V. Giri
- **successor**: B. D. Jatti <small>(Acting)</small>
- **birth place**: Delhi, British India
(now India)
- **death place**: New Delhi, India
- **party**: Indian National Congress
- **alma mater**: University of Cambridge
Inner Temple
- **profession**: Lawyer
- **spouse**: Begum Abida Ahmed
- **children**: 3
- **office2**: Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
- **successor2**: Ismail Hossain Khan
- **constituency2**: Barpeta (Lok Sabha constituency), Barpeta
- **term2**: 1967-1977
- **predecessor2**: Renuka Devi Barkataki
- **office3**: Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
Edappadi K. Palaniswami

**Edappadi K. Palaniswami** is an Indian politician. He is the Former  Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. From 2023, Palaniswami is the general secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, a  Dravidian party.

## Early life

Edappadi K. Palaniswamy was born on 12th May 1954. He was born in Siluvampalayam village in Salem district. His father's name is Mr.Karuppa Gounder . His Mother's name is Thavasi Ammal.

## Politics

Palaniswami has won the state assembly elections four times from the Edapadi constituency. He won the elections in the years of 1989, 1991, 2011 and 2016.
M. K. Alagiri

**Muthuvel Karunanidhi Alagiri** commonly known as **M. K. Alagiri**, is an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu. He was the former Cabinet Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers from 13 June 2009 – 20 March 2013.

## Birth

Alagiri was born on 30 January 1951. He was the second son of former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Karunanidhi. He was born to M. Karunanidhi and his second wife Dayalu Ammal. Azhagiri after his marriage on 10 December 1972, settled in Madurai. His wife is Kanthi Azhagiri.

## Controversies (quarrel and fights)

M. Karunanidhi always wanted his son M. K. Stalin to be his successor as the leader of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party. Alagiri didn't hold any post in DMK party. But he had the command in Madurai region. Alagiri was the important person who made DMK win in 2008 by-elections. After these victories, he was appointed as the organizing secretary of DMK in southern Tamil Nadu districts. Following this Alagiri was given the ticket for Madurai Lok Sabha Constituency in 2009 general election. He won it and became a Cabinet Minister.

There were lots of publicly held fights between the supporters of Stalin and Alagiri. This reached its peak when the Dinakaran daily's office were bombed by Alagiri supporters.Dinakaran is a part of the Sun TV group owned by Kalanidhi Maran (son of Murasoli Maran), the grand-nephew of Karunanidhi. This was because the daily published the result of a opinion polls. The poll was about people's wish of who will become the next leader of DMK. The results said that 70% of the people support Stalin while only 2% support Alagiri. In this attack case, 3 were dead .

He was removed from the DMK party as member and as Secretary of South Zone on 24 January 2014.
Dinakaran

Dinakaran is a Tamil daily newspaper distributed in India. It was founded by K. P. Kandasamy in 1977. It is currently owned by the Sun Network group. Dinakaran is the second largest distributed Tamil daily in India after _Dina Thanthi_.It is printed in 12 cities across India. These cities are Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Nagercoil, Pondicherry, Salem, Tiruchirappalli, Tirunelveli and Vellore.

## Attack case

Dinakaran published the result of a opinion polls. The poll was about people's wish of who will become the next leader of DMK. The results said that 70% of the people support Stalin while only 2% support Alagiri. Dinakaran daily's office were bombed by Alagiri supporters. In this attack case, 3 were dead . This led to the resignation of Central Minister Dayanidhi Maran, brother of Kalanidhi Maran from the Union Cabinet.
Dina Thanthi

**Dina Thanthi** (known as **Daily Thanthi** in English) is a Tamil daily newspaper. It was founded by S. P. Adithanar in Madurai in 1942. Dina Thanthi is the first largest distributed Tamil daily newspaper in India. It is also the ninth largest daily newspaper in India by distribution.It is printed in 16 cities across India. These are:Bangalore, Chennai, Mumbai, Pondicherry, Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Erode, Madurai, Nagercoil, Salem, Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Tirunelveli, Tirupur and Vellore. It also prints an international edition in Dubai, United Arab Emirates for the Middle East market.

## Other websites

- Official website
- E-Paper Website
- Dina Thanthi Newspaper History
Chinese mystery snail

The **Chinese mystery snail** (_Bellamya chinensis_) is a large freshwater snail. It is known for its scarce shell and edible antenna, it is very unusual. It also eats dung and was discovered in 1324 A.D. It can grow up to 5.1 cm long.
Younian dialect

**Younian language** or **Younian dialect** ( _yōunian_) is a kind of Pinghua dialects. It is used in some villages of Red Yao in Longsheng County, Guilin, and Guangxi. There were more than 10,000 native speakers in 1997.
Brad Williamson (ice hockey)

**Brad Williamson** (born July 4, 1977) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman.

## Awards and honors

|Honours|Year||
| --- | --- | --- |
|WCHA Defensive Player of the Year|1998–99||
|All-WCHA First Team|1998–99||
|AHCA West First-Team All-American|1998–99||
|CHL Most Outstanding Defenceman|2006–07||

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Brad Williamson
- **image size**: 230px
- **played for**: ***American Hockey League, AHL***
Rochester Americans
***International Hockey League (1945–2001), IHL***
Cincinnati Cyclones
Houston Aeros (1994–2013), Houston Aeros
***ECHL***
South Carolina Stingrays
***Central Hockey League, CHL***
Colorado Eagles
***Germany***
EV Ravensburg
- **position**: Defenceman, Defence
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 181
- **birth place**: Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- **draft**: Undrafted
- **career start**: 1999
- **career end**: 2009
Loretta Sanchez

**Loretta Sanchez** (born January 7, 1960) is an American politician. She is from California. Sanchez served in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2017.

## Early life

Loretta Sanchez was born in California. Her parents were immigrants from Mexico. She grew up in Anaheim, California. In Anaheim, she went to a public school. She was a very good student. As a child, people were mean to Sanchez because she was Hispanic. This made Sanchez very sad. Later, she went to college at Chapman University in Orange County, California.

She and her husband were part of the Republican Party. Sanchez did not like how immigrants, women, and people who are gay were being treated. She left the Republican Party and joined the Democratic Party. Her sister, Linda Sanchez is also a U.S. Representative from California.

## Her change

Sanchez helped schools that needed money and helped fight for human rights. She was elected twice to be in the U.S. Congress. She helped many people who were poor and disrespected to be treated equally.

## First election

She competed with Bob Dornan for a spot in the U.S. House of Representatives. She disagreed with him about the rights of gay people and rights of gun owners. Sanchez beat him by fewer than 1,000 votes. Dornan said that she cheated. She won the election because people wanted her to be an American representative in the U.S. Congress. Sanchez spoke only about simple problems when she was running for a spot in the U.S. House of Representatives. For example, she talked about education and jobs. She did not talk about more complex problems such as immigration.

## Senate run

Sanchez ran for the United States Senate in 2016. Sanchez lost in the November election to California Attorney General Kamala Harris.

## References

- "Loretta Sanchez." _Notable Hispanic American Women_, Gale, 1998. _Biography In Context_, Accessed 3 May 2018.
Ignazio Cassis

**Ignazio Cassis** (born 13 April 1961) is a Swiss physician and politician. He was the President of the Swiss Confederation from 2022 to 2023. He is a member of the FDP.The Liberals and was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 20 September 2017. He has served since 1 November 2017 as head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He was born in Sessa, Switzerland.

Cassis took office on 1 November 2017 as head of the Department of Foreign Affairs, succeeding Didier Burkhalter.

## Other websites

- Biography of Ignazio Cassis on the website of the Swiss Parliament .
- Profile of Ignazio Cassis with election results on the website of the Swiss Federal Council.

|-

|-

|-

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ignazio Cassis
- **image**: Ignazio Cassis (2023).jpg
- **caption**: Cassis in 2023
- **office**: President of the Swiss Confederation, President of Switzerland
- **vicepresident**: Alain Berset
- **term start**: 1 January 2022
- **term end**: 31 December 2022
- **predecessor**: Guy Parmelin
- **successor**: Alain Berset
- **office1**: Vice President of Switzerland
- **termstart1**: 1 January 2021
- **termend1**: 31 December 2021
- **president1**: Guy Parmelin
- **predecessor1**: Guy Parmelin
- **successor1**: Alain Berset
- **office2**: Head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Department of Foreign Affairs
- **term start2**: 1 November 2017
- **predecessor2**: Didier Burkhalter
- **office3**: List of members of the Swiss Federal Council, Member of the Swiss Federal Council
- **term start3**: 1 November 2017
- **predecessor3**: Didier Burkhalter
- **birth name**: Ignazio Daniele Giovanni Cassis
- **birth place**: Sessa, Ticino, Switzerland
- **party**: FDP.The Liberals
- **spouse**: Paola Rodoni
- **alma mater**: University of Zurich
University of Lausanne
- **residence**: Montagnola, Ticino
Computer-aided design

**Computer-aided design** (**CAD**) is the use of computer software to help create, change, analyse or optimize designs. It is meant to help the designer create better quality, more precise, and neater designs. It also helps improve communication of the design by creating documentation for it as well as a database for manufacturing. CAD is used in many places such as architecture and product design.

Designing using CAD can take longer than the traditional way of drawing on paper and costs more because of the software. Also, people often need to be trained to understand CAD.

## Advantages and disadvantages

|href="manufacturing"|Advantages|href="architecture"|Disadvantages|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Creates a better design|href="paper"|Takes longer to produce the design||
|href="Category:Design"|Creates a more precise design|href="Category:Computer science"|Costs more than doing it by hand|
|Creates a neater design|Need to train people to use it|||

## Types

- 3D Wire-frame modeling
- Parametric modeling
- Direct or explicit modeling

## Examples where CAD is used

- Architecture
- Product design
- Shop/building design

## Related pages

- Computer-aided manufacture (CAM)
- CAD/CAM
Kitzbühel

**Kitzbühel** is a small medieval town in Tyrol, Austria. It is the administrative center of the Kitzbühel district (_Bezirk_). As of 2018, 8,272 people live there.

It is in the Kitzbühel Alps along the river Kitzbüheler Ache and about 100 km (62 mi) east of the state capital Innsbruck.

Kitzbühel is a ski resort of international renown and its ski season lasts from mid October to early May. During winter and early spring it is frequented primarily by upper-class clientele from Austria and from abroad.

## Other websites

- Tourist office Kitzbühel
- Kitzbühel Gigapixel Panorama (20.000 Megapixel)
- Kitzbühel Ski Slopes Photo Gallery
- Bergbahn Kitzbühel - mountain railway
- Museum Kitzbühel - Alfons Walde
Dii Consentes

The **Dii Consentes** (Latin: "[the] council of the divine") was the principal group of deities within Ancient Roman religion, equivalent to the Twelve Olympians. As listed by the poet Ennius in the late 3rd Century BC, they consisted of:

- _Jupiter, Juno, Vesta, Minerva, Ceres, Apollo, Diana, Venus, Mars, Vulcan, Mercury, and Neptune_.
Candy Lightner

**Candace Lynne "Candy" Lightner** (born May 30, 1946) is the founding president of Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD).

On May 3, 1980, Lightner’s 13-year-old daughter, Cari, was killed by a hit-and-run drunk driver at Sunset and New York Avenues in Fair Oaks, California. The sentence given to the repeat offender of driving while intoxicated (DWI) outraged Lightner who then organized Mothers Against Drunk Driving.

She served as president of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee from October 1994 to March 1995.
Michiko Nishiura Weglyn

**Michiko Nishiura Weglyn** (November 29, 1926 – April 25, 1999) was a Japanese-American activist and clothing designer, whose goal was to raise awareness about concentration camps during World War II. After United States Attorney General Ramsey Clark lied and said that the concentration camps did not exist in the US, Weglyn made it her goal to tell people the truth about the concentration camps.

## Early Life

Weglyn was born on November 29, 1926, on her family’s farm in Stockton, California. She was one of two sisters and had a loving mother and father, Tomojiro and Misao Weglyn. Before going to school in the mornings, Weglyn fed the chickens and the horses to prove to her father she was just as useful as a boy. In 1926, boys were often considered more important than girls.

## Concentration Camp

Weglyn was put in a concentration camp, in Gila River, Arizona. This camp was for Japanese Americans during World War II. Many Americans believed that Japanese people were helping Japan, perhaps planning another attack after Pearl Harbor. Later in her life, Weglyn heard the attorney general, Ramsey Clark, deny that America ever had concentration camps. He said that the concentration camps that had affected Weglyn's life never happened. Of course, this was a lie, and Weglyn was telling the truth about her past experiences. Weglyn later decided to write a book called, _Years of Infamy: The Untold Story of America’s Concentration Camps_, to share the horror and torture that she experienced. She wrote to raise awareness. This is why she is considered an activist, who helped inspire others to share their stories.

## Life as a Designer

Weglyn was one of the first Japanese-American female designer known internationally. Throughout her career she made beautiful pieces of clothing to fit actors/actresses needs. She was known as a designer who could hide the actors/actresses flaws.
Sandra Cisneros

**Sandra Cisneros** (born December 20, 1954) is an author from Chicago, Illinois. She is famous for her book "The House on Mango Street". It has sold six million copies and been translated into over 20 languages. The House on Mango Street is a series of vignettes. A vignette is a brief incident or scene. The girl in the novel goes through changes from childhood to adulthood. Sandra studied at Loyola University of Chicago and the University of Iowa. Her books are about issues between other races, classes, and genders.

## Family

Sandra is the second child of Ernesto Cisneros de Moral and Elvira Cordero Anguiano. They had seven children together, one girl and six boys. There was one other daughter, but she died as a baby. Sandra's father wanted his family of boys. During her childhood, because of sexism, her father pushed her over the limits. Her father moved the family between Mexico City and Chicago, causing Sandra to be shy during her childhood. She didn't make close friends for pretty long. Her mother was a strong woman who wanted Sandra to achieve her goal.

## Awards

- American Book Award - 1985
- Lannan Literary Award for Fiction - 1991
- Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for Fiction - 1993
- MacArthur Fellowship Award - 1995
- Texas Medal of Arts - 2003
- National Medal of Arts - 2016 (Presented by Barack Obama)

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Sandra Cisneros
- **caption**: Cisneros in 2022
- **birth place**: Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, US
- **occupation**: Novelist, poet, short story writer, artist
- **nationality**: Mexican-American
- **period**: 1980–present
- **notableworks**: _The House on Mango Street_, _Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories_
- **awards**: American Book Award, MacArthur Fellows Program, MacArthur Genius Grant
Gertrude Caroline Ederle

**Gertrude Caroline Ederle** (October 23, 1905 – November 30, 2003) was the first woman to swim the English Channel.

## Early life

Ederle’s birthdate was October 23, 1905. Her family came from Germany to New York. Her mother taught her to swim. Ederle decided she wanted to be a swimmer.

## English Channel

Ederle had the world's quickest time for women in swimming. She swam across the English Channel, which is 21 miles long. She swam in a record time of 14 hours and 39 minutes. It was a world record for 35 years. She was the 6th person to swim across the English Channel and the first woman to do so.

## Olympics

Ederle was a swimmer in the Olympics. She won one gold medal and two bronze medals in the 1924 summer Olympics.

## Support for Women's swimming

Ederle believed that women could be talented swimmers. She helped the Women’s Swimming Association. She was also famous for her bravery by being the first woman to swim the English Channel.
Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins

**Sarah Winnemucca** (born 1844) was a protester for Native American rights during the 1800s. Winnemucca was part of the Paiute group in Nevada. Winnemucca wrote an autobiography, _Life Among the Paiutes: their Wrongs and their Claims_. Her autobiography is about her fight to stop the government from treating the Native Americans unfairly. Winnemucca opened two schools for Indian children.

## Early Life

Winnemucca was born in 1844 near Humboldt Sink, Nevada. She was the fourth child in her family. Her father was named Chief Winnemucca and her mother was named Tuboitonie. At birth, she was named Thocmetony.  This word means shell flower. Then she changed her name to Sarah. During her life, her group was kept on a reservation.

## Education

The most education she had was three weeks at a Californian Catholic School.

## Achievements

Winnemucca first talked about how the American government took over the Native American land. She became famous by speaking about the government’s unfair treatment of the Native American people. Winnemucca also met with Rutherford B. Hayes, an American President. She talked in many cities about how the Paiutes were being treated badly. She wrote an autobiography that was the first autobiography written by a Native American woman. Overall, Winnemucca is known for her support of peace between the American government and the Native Americans. She died on October 16th, 1891.
Emmabuntüs

**Emmabuntüs** is a Linux distribution derived from Ubuntu/Debian and designed to facilitate the repacking of computers donated to humanitarian organizations like the Emmaüs Communities.

The name Emmabuntüs is a portmanteau of Emmaüs and Ubuntu.

## Features

Emmabuntüs can be installed, in its entirety, without an Internet connection as all of the required packages are included within the disk image. The disk image includes packages for multiple languages and also optional non-free codecs that the user can choose whether to install or not.

Emmabuntüs was developed to function correctly on 10 years old computers, which were previously running Windows XP or more up-to-date Windows versions, and equipped with a minimum of 1 Gigabyte of RAM for  the 32 bits versions. This allows associations like YovoTogo & JUMP Lab'Orione to recycle computers in order to equip high schools in Togo, or the Emmabuntüs collective to equip kindergarten and elementary schools in the Paris area.

## Desktop environment

The desktop environment are Xfce and LXQt with Cairo-Dock.

## Applications

Multiple applications are installed that perform the same task in order to provide a choice for each user that uses the system.
Emmanuntüs also includes educational software like Gcompris, TuxPaint, TuxMath, TuxType, Scratch, etc. It also contains Kiwix, an off-line Wikipedia reader allowing Emmabuntüs to become an self-contained (without Internet access) Free Culture Server, including Wikis like Vikidia, or books in the ePub format.

## Related pages

- GNU/Linux
- Debian
- Xfce
- List of Linux distributions

## Other websites

- https://emmabuntus.org/ - Emmabuntüs Homepage

## Infobox (os)

- **name**: Emmabuntüs
- **logo**: Emmabuntus_DE3_En.png
- **logo size**: 100px
- **screenshot**: Emmabuntus-DE3-en-Desktop_XFCE.png
- **screenshot size**: 250px
- **caption**: Emmabuntüs Debian Edition 3 ("Debian 10 Stretch") with Xfce
- **developer**: Collectif Emmabuntüs
- **family**: Unix-like
- **working state**: Current
- **source model**: Open source
- **frequently updated**: yes
- **language**: Multilingual
- **updatemodel**: Advanced Packaging Tool, APT
- **package manager**: dpkg (Synaptic (software), Synaptic)
- **supported platforms**: x86, i386, x86-64, AMD64
- **kernel**: monolithic kernel, Monolithic: Linux kernel, Linux
- **userland**: GNU , GNU Core Utilities
- **ui**: Xfce
- **license**: Free software licenses
(mainly GPL)
Agildo Ribeiro

**Agildo Ribiero** (April 24, 1932 – April 28, 2018) was a Brazilian actor. He was born in Rio de Janeiro. He was known for his role in the 1959 movie _Three Loves in Rio_.

Ribeiro died in Rio de Janeiro on April 28, 2018 of heart failure at the age of 86.
Derek Keys

**Derek Lyle Keys** (30 August 1931 – 29 April 2018) was a South African politician. He served as Minister of Finance from 1992 to September 1994, in the cabinets of F. W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela.

Keys died on 29 April 2018 at the age of 86.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Derek Keys
- **image**: Derek Keys.jpg
- **office**: Minister of Finance (South Africa), Minister of Finance
- **president**: F. W. de Klerk
 Nelson Mandela
- **term start**: May 1992
- **term end**: 19 September 1994
- **predecessor**: Barend du Plessis
- **successor**: Chris Liebenberg
- **birth name**: Derek Lyle Keys
- **birth place**: Johannesburg, Union of South Africa, South Africa
- **alma mater**: University of the Witwatersrand
Deaths in May 2018

The following is a list of **deaths that should be noted in May 2018**. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting.

Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source.