juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
East of England Ambulance Service

The **East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust** (EEAST)  provides ambulance services in the counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk, in the East of England. The service is free, which means people who are hurt do not have to pay money to be driven to a hospital. Under the Patient's Charter every person in the United Kingdom is allowed to use an ambulance if there is an emergency.

The East England Ambulance Service do not only drive people to hospitals, they also help heal people who are injured and are too far from a hospital.

## History

The trust was formed on 1 July 2006, when three ambulance services came together. They were the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Ambulance and Paramedic Service NHS Trust, the East Anglian Ambulance NHS Trust, and the Essex Ambulance Service NHS Trust. The result was an ambulance service covering an area of over  with a population of 5.8 million people, and one which answers over 500,000 emergency calls every year.

In 2009, the Trust got in trouble by the Care Quality Commission because the ambulances were dirty and the employees did not know how to handle many medical procedures.

## Statistics and resources

In 2009 and 2010, the company went to 668,451 emergency calls, including 207,626 high-priority "category A" emergencies. It arrived at 75.67% of these "category A" calls within eight minutes, and 96.04% within 19 minutes.

The company has the following vehicles and stations in operation:

- 273 emergency ambulances
- 237 ambulances not for emergencies
- 215 marked fast-response cars
- 25 big incident support vehicles; cleanup equipment, and mobile control rooms
- 110 ambulance stations and response posts
- 3 Health Emergency Operations Centers (control rooms) in Bedford, Chelmsford and Norwich

The company has a driving school. This school has trained more than 220 employees in emergency driving.

3,994 people work at the ambulance company.

## Related pages

- Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom

## Other websites

- East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust
Geastrum quadrifidum

***Geastrum quadrifidum*** or the **rayed earthstar**, or **four-footed earthstar**, is an inedible species of mushroom. It is a species of  _Geastrum_, or earthstar fungi. It was first described scientifically by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1794. It is found in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australasia. The fungus is a saprobe. It feeds on dead wood and plant materials.
Physical dependence

**Physical dependence** is a term used in medicine: If a drug is taken regularly, a certain level of tolerance may have developed. Abruptly stopping to use the drug will cause drug withdrawal symptoms. If the drug has been taken for a longer period of time, or the dosage was higher, the withdrawal symptoms will be more severe. Well known drugs with withdrawal symptoms include opioids, alcohol, and may of the drugs knownn as neuroleptics

Physical dependence in medicine is a state where the body adapts to the presence of a specific substance, often a medication or chemical, to the point where it becomes necessary for normal functioning. When this substance is suddenly stopped or reduced, withdrawal symptoms may occur as a result.

## Definition

Physical dependence is a physiological state that occurs when the body adapts to the presence of a specific substance, leading to changes in bodily functions. This dependence can occur with a wide range of substances, including prescription medications such as opioid painkillers, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants, as well as chemicals like alcohol and nicotine

## Causes

Physical dependence can occur due to several factors, including:

- Long-term use: Using substances for an extended period can lead to physical dependence.
- High doses: Taking high doses of substances can increase the risk of physical dependence.
- Medical history: Individuals with a certain medical history, such as sleep disorders or anxiety, may be more susceptible to physical dependence

## Symptoms

Withdrawal symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and range from mild symptoms like anxiety and tension to severe symptoms like sweating, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain. In some cases, withdrawal symptoms can be severe and require medical attention.

## Treatment

Treatment for physical dependence often involves gradually reducing the dosage to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Sometimes, alternative or additional medications may be prescribed to alleviate these symptoms. Psychotherapy can also be beneficial in supporting individuals in dealing with the psychological challenges associated with stopping the substance.

## Related pages

- Addiction
Gabre Gabric

**Ljubica "Gabre" Gabric** (17 October 1914 – 16 December 2015) was a Croatian-born Italian track and field athlete. She competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics and in the 1948 Summer Olympics. Her best discus throw was 43.35 m (1939).

She was the widow of Sandro Calvesi, mother-in-law of Eddy Ottoz and the grandmother of Laurent Ottoz and Patrick Ottoz.

## Other websites

- Biography

## Infobox (athlete)

- **headercolor**: pink
- **name**: Gabre Gabric
- **fullname**: Ljubica Gabric
- **image**: Gabre Gabric.jpg
- **nationality**: Italy, Italian
- **sport**: Athletics (sport), Athletics
- **event**: Discus throw
- **club**: Venchi Unica Torino
- **birth place**: Imotski, Croatia
- **death place**: Brescia, Italy
- **pb**: *Discus throw: 43.35 m (1939)
- **country**: Italy national athletics team, Italy
Licio Gelli

**Licio Gelli** (; April 21, 1919 – December 15, 2015) was an Italian financier, politician, and writer. He was known for his role in the Banco Ambrosiano scandal. He was revealed in 1981 as being the Venerable Master of the clandestine lodge Propaganda Due (P2).

## Early life

Gelli was born in Pistoia, Tuscany. During the 1930s, Gelli volunteered for the Blackshirts expeditionary forces sent by Mussolini in support of Francisco Franco's rebellion in the Spanish Civil War.

## Nobel Prize nomination

In 1996, Gelli was nominated as a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature, supported by Mother Teresa and Naguib Mahfouz.

## Death

Gelli died in Arezzo, Tuscany from respiratory failure at the age of 96.

## Further reading

- Ginsborg, Paul (2003). _Italy and Its Discontents_, London: Palgrave Macmillan  (Review Institute of Historical Research  | Review New York Times )

## Other websites

- Site of Italian newspaper "Il Piave" where Gelli writes regularly

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Licio Gelli
- **image**: Licio Gelli in paramenti.jpg
- **caption**: Gelli in 1981
- **birth place**: Pistoia, Tuscany, Italy
- **death place**: Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy
- **occupation**: Financier, freemason, politics
- **nationality**: Italy, Italian
- **organization**: Propaganda Due (until 1982)
- **party**: National Fascist Party
<small>(1939-1943)</small>
Republican Fascist Party
<small>(1943-1945)</small>
- **spouse**: Wanda Vannacci (1944-1993; her death)
Gabriela Vasile (2006-2015; his death)
- **children**: Raffaello (1947)
Maria Rosa (1956)
Maurizio (1959)
John Cabot

**John  Cabot** (, (1449 – 1499) was an Italian navigator and explorer. In 1497, sailing westward from England in his ship _Matthew_, he landed in what he thought was Asia. In fact he came to North America, in what is now eastern Canada, which he claimed for King Henry VII. he landed in what is now known as Bonavista, Newfoundland. A town in the most eastern province of Canada. He died in England in 1499.

## Early years

Giovanni Caboto (his Italian name) was probably born in Genoa about 1469. Most of his early life was not written about because so much of his history is missing. When he was still young, his family moved over to Venice. Venice was a much larger seaport than Genoa and at the time was the most important in all of Europe. Growing up there, he learned a great deal about sailing and the sea. Cabot became an excellent sailor. His father was a trader and taught Giovanni (John) all about the spice trade.

Cabot married a young woman named Mattea (female form of the name Matthew) in about 1474. They had three sons, who Cabot taught to sail, and they also became great sailors. By this time he was a merchant and traveled widely. He and his family then moved to the port of Bristol, England about 1495.

## Voyage to North America

He set sail from Bristol. Cabot sailed across the North Atlantic in about 70 weeks. His ship, the _Matthew_ had a crew of 69 men. During the voyage they saw enormous quantities of cod fish. Fishermen would soon follow to take advantage of the rich fishing of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.
Euler–Bernoulli beam theory

**Euler–Bernoulli beam theory** (also known as **engineer's beam theory** or **classical beam theory**) is a simple method to calculate bending of beams when a load is applied. This applies to  small deflections (how far something moves) of a beam without considering effects of shear deformations. Therefore, it can be considered a special case of the Timoshenko beam theory. It was first introduced around 1750. It gained popularity during the development of the Eiffel Tower and the Ferris wheel in the late 19th century. After that, it was used in many engineering fields including mechanical engineering and civil engineering. Although other advanced methods have been developed, the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is still widely used because of its simplicity.

## History

Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli were the first to put together the theory in 1750.
At the time, science and engineering were viewed differently than today. Mathematical theories such as the Euler-Bernoulli Beam theory were not trusted for practical engineering use. Bridges and buildings continued to be designed using the same methods until the late 19th century. This is when the Eiffel Tower and Ferris wheel showed the validity of the theory on a larger scale.

## Static beam equation

The Euler–Bernoulli equation describes the relationship between the beam's deflection and the applied load is as shown below:
Where  describes the deflection  of the beam in the  direction at some position .  is a distributed load, in other words a force per unit length (analogous to pressure being a force per area); it may be a function of , , or other variables.
Shameful Secrets

***Shameful Secrets***, also known as ***Going Underground***, is an American television movie. It was aired on ABC on October 10, 1993. It is about a child custody battle between Maryanne Walker-Tate (played by Joanna Kerns) and her abusive husband Daniel Tate (played by Tim Matheson).
William Ruto

**William Samoei arap Ruto** (born 21 December 1966) is a Kenyan politician who is the 5th President of Kenya since 2022. He was the Deputy President of Kenya from 2013 to 2022.

Before becoming Deputy President, he had many ministerial positions including the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Higher Education. He was Secretary General of KANU, the former ruling political party. Ruto was a member of Parliament for Eldoret North Constituency between December 1997 and January 2013. He won the seat in the 1997 Kenyan election after defeating Reuben Chesire.

Ruto was charged with crimes including murder by the International Criminal Court. The trial has been ongoing since 10 September 2013. The charges against him were dropped in 2016 due to lack of evidence by Fatou Bensouda.

On 12 April 2022, Kenya Kwanza political coalition endorsed Ruto as its presidential candidate for 2022 elections. He would win the election with 50.5% of the vote, beating former Prime Minister Raila Odinga in August 2022.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: William Ruto 2023.jpg
- **caption**: Ruto in 2023
- **office**: 5th President of Kenya
- **term start**: 13 September 2022
- **deputy**: Rigathi Gachagua
Kithure Kindiki
- **predecessor**: Uhuru Kenyatta
- **office1**: Deputy President of Kenya
- **president1**: Uhuru Kenyatta
- **term start1**: 9 April 2013
- **term end1**: 13 September 2022
- **predecessor1**: Kalonzo Musyoka (Vice President)
- **successor1**: Rigathi Gachagua
- **office2**: Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Kenya), Minister for Higher Education
- **president2**: Mwai Kibaki
- **primeminister2**: Raila Odinga
- **term start2**: 21 April 2010
- **term end2**: 19 October 2010
- **successor2**: Hellen Jepkemoi Sambili (acting)
- **office3**: Ministry of Agriculture (Kenya), Minister of Agriculture
- **president3**: Mwai Kibaki
- **primeminister3**: Raila Odinga
- **term start3**: 17 April 2008
- **term end3**: 21 April 2010
- **predecessor3**: Kipruto Rono Arap Kirwa
- **successor3**: Margret Nyambura
- **office4**: Minister of Home Affairs
- **president4**: Daniel Toroitich arap Moi
- **term start4**: 30 August 2002
- **term end4**: December 2002
- **predecessor4**: George Saitoti
- **successor4**: Moody Awori
- **office5**: National Assembly (Kenya), Member of Parliament
for Eldoret North Constituency, Eldoret North
- **term start5**: 1998
- **term end5**: 2013
- **predecessor5**: Reuben Chesire
- **successor5**: Constituency abolished
- **birth name**: William Kipchirchir Samoei Arap Ruto
- **birth place**: Kamagut, Kenya
- **party**: Kenya African National Union (before 2005)
Orange Democratic Movement (2005–2011)
United Republican Party (Kenya), United Republican Party (2012–2016)
Jubilee Party of Kenya, Jubilee Party (2016–2021)
United Democratic Alliance (Kenya), United Democratic Alliance (2021–present)
- **children**: 7
- **education**: University of Nairobi (Bachelor of Science, BSc, Master of Science, MSc, Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
Willamette Valley

The **Willamette Valley** () is a  long valley in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.  The entire valley is in the state of Oregon. The valley contains the political and cultural areas of Oregon.  It is home to about 70 percent of its population.  This includes Portland, its largest city, and  Salem, the state capital. The Willamette River flows the entire length of the valley.  The valley is surrounded by mountains on three sides - the Oregon Coast Range to the west, the Cascade Range to the east, and the Calapooya Mountains to the south.

The valley's many waterways are important to the economy of Oregon.  They continuously put highly fertile alluvial soils on the valley's broad, flat plain. The valley was widely publicized in the 1820s as a 'promised land of flowing milk and honey'. Throughout the 19th century it was the destination for the oxen-drawn wagon trains of people on the Oregon Trail.

Today the valley is home to "Oregon Wine Country". Tt contains more than 19,000 acres of vineyards and 500+ wineries.
Indian softshell turtle

The **Indian softshell turtle** (_Nilssonia gangetica_), or **Ganges softshell turtle** is a species of softshell turtle. It lives in rivers such as the Ganges and Mahanadi in India and Bangladesh. Its shell can be up to  in length. It feeds mostly on fish, amphibians, carrion and other animal matter, but also eats aquatic plants. The turtle is listed as a vulnerable species.

The turtle has a long neck and a long nose, which means it is able to easily keep the tip of the nose out of the water to breathe. It has an oval shaped shell, which is also fairly flat and smooth which means it is able to swim very fast.

These turtles are often kept in the temple ponds of Odisha where they are considered sacred.

The Indian softshell turtle is under threat as 30 to 40 tons of turtle meat is sold in markets every week. The shells are also used to make masks, which are sold to tourists. The turtles' habitat is also being changed by the building of dams, drainage works, and increasing levels of fishing and farming.
Akseli Gallen-Kallela

**Akseli Gallen-Kallela** (26 April 1865 – 7 March 1931) was an artist from Finland. He started his career with realistic pictures of poor people from the countryside, and continued with romantic paintings of the themes of the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic. His work was considered very important for the Finnish national identity. He pioneered major changes in Finnish art.

In addition to paintings Gallen-Kallela made prints, frescoes and designed textiles and furniture. His house and studio _Kalela_ became a work of total art.

When Finland became independent, Gallen-Kallela designed uniforms and medals for its army.

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Akseli Gallen-Kallela
- **image**: Akseli Gallen-Kallela.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **birth place**: Pori, Grand Duchy of Finland, Finland
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **nationality**: Finns, Finnish
- **field**: Painting
- **movement**: Romantic nationalism, Realism (arts), Realism, Symbolism (arts), Symbolism
Root hair

A **root hair** of a vascular plant, is a tubular outgrowth of a hair-forming cell on the epidermis of a plant root.

They are lateral extensions of a single cell, and invisible to the naked eye and light microscope. The function of root hairs is to collect water and mineral nutrients from the soil. This solution goes up through the roots to the rest of the plant.

Root hair cells survive for 2 to 3 weeks and then die off. New root hair cells are continually being formed at the tip of the root. This way, the root hair coverage stays the same.A **root hair** of a vascular plant, is a tubular outgrowth of a hair-forming cell on the epidermis of a plant root.

They are lateral extensions of a single cell, and invisible to the naked eye and light microscope. The function of root hairs is to collect water and mineral nutrients from the soil. This solution goes up through the roots to the rest of the plant.

Root hair cells survive for 2 to 3 weeks and then die off. New root hair cells are continually being formed at the tip of the root. This way, the root hair coverage stays the same.

## Related pages

- Mycorrhiza
Tenualosa ilisha

***Tenualosa ilisha*** (**ilish**, **hilsa**, **hilsa herring** or **hilsa shad**) is a species of fish in the  Clupeidae (herring) family.

It is a popular food dish in South India, East India and in the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The fish contributes about 12% of the total fish production and about 1% of GDP (money earned) in Bangladesh. About 450,000 people are directly involved with catching it for a living. About four to five million people are involved in the trade.

It is also the National fish of Bangladesh. Other names include: palla fish, hilsha, ellis, ilish, (Bengali:ইলিশ): ilish, (Oriya:ଇଲିଶି): ilishii, Sindhī: پلو مڇي pallu machhi, (Telugu:పులస): pulasa or polasa.

## Related pages

- Bengali cuisine
Meyerasaurus

***Meyerasaurus*** is an extinct genus of plesiosaur. An almost complete fossil was found in Holzmaden, Baden-Württemberg, southeastern Germany. It was a medium-sized,  3.35 m (11.0 ft) long, pliosaur.

The specimen was collected from shale over 150 years ago. The shale dates to the early Jurassic, about 183–180 million years ago (mya). The specimen was described as a species of _Plesiosaurus_ a hundred years ago. It got its new name in 2010.

Most members of its family, the Rhomaleosauridae, have been found in England. They were found in the lower Blue Lias deposits which date to the earliest Jurassic, just above the boundary with the Triassic.
In the Line of Duty: The FBI Murders

***In the Line of Duty: The F.B.I. Murders*** is a 1988 television crime movie starring David Soul. It is about a real event that happened in April 1986 and has since become known as "Bloody Friday". Two former army buddies, Mike Platt (played by David Soul) and Bill Matix (Michael Gross), commit a series of murders and bank robberies in Miami, Florida. A group of F.B.I. agents led by Benjamin Grogan (Ronny Cox), was assigned to the investigation. The story ends with one of the bloodiest clashes in FBI history, the 1986 FBI Miami shootout. It took place in the middle of a residential suburb in broad daylight. The movie was released on November 27, 1988.
Diatonic scale

The **diatonic scale** is one of the scales used in music. It is also called **heptatonic scale**, because it uses seven distinct pitch classes or tones. For each octave there are five whole steps and two half steps. The two half steps are separated by two or three whole steps.  The word "diatonic" comes from the Greek , meaning progressing through tones.

The seven pitches of any diatonic scale can be obtained using a chain of six perfect fifths. An example of this would be  the seven natural pitches which form the C-major scale. It can be constructed from a stack of perfect fifths starting from F:
- F—C—G—D—A—E—B
This property of the diatonic scale is called Pythagorean tuning. It was historically relevant and contributed to the worldwide diffusion of diatonic scales, because it allowed musicians to tune musical instruments easily by ear.

Any sequence of seven successive natural notes, such as C-D-E-F-G-A-B, and all transpositions, are diatonic scales. Piano keyboards are designed to play natural notes, which are diatonic scales, with their white keys. A diatonic scale can be also described as two tetrachords separated by a whole tone.

The term _diatonic_ originally referred to the diatonic genus, one of the three genera of the ancient Greeks. In musical set theory, Allen Forte classifies diatonic scales as set form 7–35.

The following scales are diatonic:
- Modes, mainly used in  Church music
- The altered scale, which is widely used for Jazz music
- harmonic minor or the melodic minor.

Examples of scales that are not diatonic are whole-tone scales, as well as the gypsy scales, which are often used for folk music.

## Other websites

- Diatonic Scale  on Eric Weisstein's Treasure trove of Music
- The diatonic scale on the guitar
Deepto TV

**Deepto TV** () is a private HD television channel in Bangladesh. The channel started broadcasting on 18 November 2015. The channel has daily drama serials. It also shows Bengali-dubbed programs from other countries.

## Other websites

- website

## Infobox (tv channel)

- **name**: Deepto TV
দীপ্ত টিভি
- **launch date**: 18 November 2015
- **picture format**: HDTV
- **owner**: Kazi Media Limited
- **parent**: Kazi Farms Group
- **key people**: Kazi Zahedul Hasan
- **slogan**: আলোয় ভুবন ভরা
Aloy Bhubon Bhora
- **country**: Bangladesh
- **language**: Bengali language, Bengali
- **area**: Bangladesh Territory
- **headquarters**: 7/A/GA, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka
- **web**: [http://www.deepto.tv Ofiicial website]
- **sat serv 1**: Apstar _7
**(Pan Asia)**
- **sat chan 1**: Apstar, 76.5°East C Band
- **sat serv 2**: Dish Network <small>(United States, USA)</small>
- **sat serv 3**: স্কাই <small>(United Kingdom, UK and Republic of Ireland, Ireland)</small>
- **cable serv 1**: United Communication Service, UCS <small>(Bangladesh)</small>
- **cable serv 2**: Prisma Digital <small>(Bangladesh)</small>
- **cable serv 3**: Rogers Cable <small>(Canada)</small>
- **iptv serv 1**: Bell Fibe TV <small>(Canada)</small>
Vanessa Paradis

**Vanessa Chantal Paradis** (born 22 December 1972) is a French singer, model and actress.

She became a child star at age of 14 with the great worldwide success of her single "Joe le taxi". Since 1991, she has been a spokesmodel for Chanel. She was in a relationship with American actor Johnny Depp from 1998 to 2012, and they have two children: Lily-Rose and John "Jack" Christopher Depp III. She is also the older sister of Alysson Paradis, who is also an actress.

## Other websites

- Vanessa Paradis  at Universal Music

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Vanessa Paradis
- **image**: Vanessa Paradis Cannes 2016 2.jpg
- **caption**: Paradis in 2016
- **birth name**: Vanessa Chantal Paradis
- **birth place**: Paris, France
- **partner**: Lenny Kravitz (1992–1997)
Johnny Depp (1998–2012)
- **children**: 2, including Lily-Rose Depp
- **relatives**: Alysson Paradis (sister)
Database of Molecular Motions

The **Database of Macromolecular Motions** is a bioinformatics computer database on the Internet. It attempts to divide motions of protein and some RNA biological molecules into different types.

## Description

It was originally made by Mark B. Gerstein, Werner G. Krebs and Nat Echols in the molecular biophysics and biochemistry group at Yale University. People can use an Internet page to search this computer database for a particular motion by either the protein name or Protein Data Bank number. However, many people find this computer database by just coming over from the Internet page for the protein entry at the Protein Data Bank. For proteins found in both computer databases, this different computer database often gives a link back to the Internet page for the protein on this Internet site.

The computer database includes an Internet tool or free Software as a service (the "Morph server") which lets
non-experts see certain protein motions through the generation of short motion pictures. The motion pictures are made automatically by computer software on the Internet site. When done the Internet site sends an email with the motion picture information back to the user.

The "Morph Server" tool was originally a research tool rather than a tool for making motion pictures, and thus offered
only limited user control over rendering, color, and point of view, and the original method
sometimes required a fair amount of computer time to complete. Since the site's
initial introduction in 1996, the Internet site has been made better
to try to fix some of these issues as well
as add new things.
Other people have now made alternative systems, such as MovieMaker  from the University of Alberta.

## Other websites

- The Database of Macromolecular Motions (molmovdb)
- Book Chapter on Protein Motions  from website of RH Austin  at Princeton University
Helge Solum Larsen

**Helge Solum Larsen** (14 January 1969 – 18 December 2015) was a Norwegian businessman and politician. He was a member of the Liberal Party. He served as deputy leader of the party from 2010 to 2012.

From 1994 to 1997 he was leader of the Young Liberals of Norway, the youth wing of the Liberal Party. He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Rogaland during the terms 1997–2001 and 2005–2009.

Larsen died from a sudden illness on 18 December 2015, aged 46.
Buckshot Hoffner

**Sebastian Fabian Hoffner**, known by his nickname **Buckshot Hoffner** (January 20, 1924 – December 17, 2015), was an American politician. He was a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives and North Dakota State Senate for 18 years in total.

He was born and raised in Esmond, North Dakota. He was a veteran of World War II. Hoffner served as a Democrat in three separate stints in the House of Representatives: from 1962 to 1966, 1968 to 1972 and 1983 to 1984 in addition to serving as the House's minority leader in the 1971 session. During his eight years in the Senate from 1972 to 1980, he was its minority leader from 1975 to 1980.

Hoffner died on December 17, 2015 in Bismarck, North Dakota from heart failure, aged 91.
Harry Zvi Tabor

**Harry Zvi Tabor** (7 March 1917 – 15 December 2015) was a British-born Israeli physicist. He was known as the father of Israeli solar energy.  Tabor was also involved in bringing Israel's solar energy program to international awareness.

Tabor was born in London. He died in Jerusalem on 15 December 2015 at the age of 98.

## Awards and recognition

- 1975 – Royal Society Energy Award
- 1979 – Inducted in Solar Hall of Fame
- 1981 – International Solar Energy Society Award
- 1981 – Krupp Foundation Energy Award
- 1994 – Passive Low Energy Architecture International Award
- 1995 – Israeli Knesset Quality of Life Award
- 2014 – Israeli President's Medal of Distinction
Hal Brown

**Hector Harold "Hal" Brown** (December 11, 1924 - December 17, 2015), nicknamed "Skinny", was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played from  through  for the Chicago White Sox, Boston Red Sox, Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees, and Houston Colt .45s.

He batted and threw right-handed; nicknamed 'Skinny Brown' by his parents because he was obese as a child. Brown weighed  and stood  tall during his active career. Brown was born in Greensboro, North Carolina.

Brown died in Greensboro, North Carolina, aged 91.

## Other websites

- Baseball Library
- Retrosheet
- _The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia_ – Gary Gillette, Peter Gammons, Pete Palmer. Publisher: Sterling Publishing, 2005. Format: Paperback, 1824pp. Language: English.
Peter Dickinson

**Peter Malcolm de Brissac Dickinson** OBE FRSL (16 December 1927 – 16 December 2015) was an English author and poet. He was best known for children's books and detective stories.

Dickinson won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association for both _Tulku_ (1979) and _City of Gold_ (1980), each being called as the year's outstanding children's book by a British subject. Through 2012 he is one of seven writers to win two Carnegies; no one has won three.

For his contributions as a children's writer Dickinson was a finalist for the Hans Christian Andersen Medal in 2000.

Dickinson died on his birthday in Winchester, Hampshire, England from an illness, aged 88.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Peter Dickinson
- **birth name**: Peter Malcolm de Brissac Dickinson
- **birth place**: Livingstone, Zambia, Livingstone, Northern Rhodesia
- **death place**: Winchester, Hampshire, England
- **occupation**: Writer, poet
- **nationality**: British
- **education**: Eton College (1941–46)
- **alma mater**: King's College, Cambridge (1948–51)
- **period**: 1968–2015
- **genre**: Crime fiction, children's novels and picture books
- **children**: 4
Combine harvester

A **combine harvester**, also called a combine, is a machine that harvests crops. Its name comes from doing three separate parts of harvesting crops at once:
- reaping: cutting and collecting crops when they are ready for harvesting,
- threshing: separating the parts of a crop that can be eaten by people from the parts that can't.
- winnowing: removing the already separated parts of the crop that can't be eaten by people, the chaff, while keeping the part that can be eaten, the grain.

Far fewer people work in farming as a result of the combine harvester.
Greville Janner

**Greville Ewan Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone** (11 July 1928 – 19 December 2015) was a British politician, barrister and writer.

He was QC since 1971, he was a Labour MP from 1970 to 1997; and then a member of the House of Lords until he died. He was associated with a number of Jewish organisations including the Board of Deputies of British Jews, of which he was chairman from 1978 to 1984, and he was prominent in the field of education about the Holocaust.

Janner was alleged to have abused vulnerable children from 1955 to 1988.

Janner died on 19 December 2015 in London from Alzheimer's disease, aged 87 and months earlier he had been deemed unfit to stand trial over allegations of 33 years of sexually abusing vulnerable children.

## Infobox (mp)

- **image**: Lord janner.jpg
- **caption**: Janner in 2009
- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Lord Janner of Braunstone
- **honorific-suffix**: Queen's Counsel, QC
- **office**: Member of the House of Lords
- **term start**: 25 October 1997
- **term end**: 19 December 2015
- **office1**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Leicester West (UK Parliament constituency), Leicester West
- **predecessor1**: Constituency recreated
 Barnett Janner, Baron Janner, Barnett Janner (1950)
- **successor1**: Patricia Hewitt
- **term start1**: 28 February 1974
- **term end1**: 1 May 1997
- **office2**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Leicester North West (UK Parliament constituency), Leicester North West
- **predecessor2**: Barnett Janner, Baron Janner, Barnett Janner
- **successor2**: Constituency abolished
- **term start2**: 18 June 1970
- **term end2**: 28 February 1974
- **birth name**: Greville Ewan Janner
- **birth place**: Cardiff, Wales
- **death place**: London, England
- **death cause**: Dementia
- **resting place**: Willesden United Synagogue Cemetery
- **nationality**: British
- **spouse**: Myra Sheink
- **children**: 3
- **party**: Labour Party (UK), Labour
(suspended April 2015)
- **education**: St Paul's School (London), St Paul's School, London
- **alma mater**: Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Harvard Law School
- **profession**: Barrister
Prayer in C

**"Prayer in C"** is a song by the band Lilly Wood and the Prick.  It was originally released as a folk-pop song. The song was later remixed by DJ Robin Schulz in 2014. Schulz' remix peaked at number one on Billboard's Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart. It hit number one in many European countries including the UK and Belgium. It reached the top twenty in Canada.  The remix is a dance and house song.  It was included on Schulz' album, _Prayer_.

## Infobox (single)

- **name**: Prayer in C (Robin Schulz Remix)
- **artist**: Lilly Wood and the Prick and Robin Schulz
- **album**: Prayer (Robin Schulz album), Prayer
- **released**: 6 June 2014
- **recorded**: 2010–14
- **length**: 3:12
- **producer**: Robin Schulz
- **chronology**: Lilly Wood and the Prick singles
- **prev title**: Into Trouble
- **prev year**: 2014
- **title**: Prayer in C (Robin Schulz Remix)
- **year**: 2014
- **next title**: Shadows
- **next year**: 2015
Mutabar Tadjibayeva

**Mutabar Tadjibayeva** (_Uzbek: Mo'tabar Tojiboyeva_) is a journalist and human rights activist from Uzbekistan. She started the “Fiery Hearts Club” NGO. She also started the Uzbek news website Jarayon. In 2009 she received the International Women of Courage Award.

## Work

In August 2003, Tadjibayeva got people in a group to demonstrate against corruption. The police stopped the demonstration. Tadjibayaeva was hurt and went to the hospital. In 2005, Tadjibayeva wrote about the Andijan Massacre. Many people died when police stopped the demonstration. Tadjibayeva was in jail from October 2005 to June 2008.

## Awards

In 2005, the international organization "Peace Women Across the Globe", part of the Nobel Committee, added Tadjibayeva’s name to the list of "1000 women peace activists". This made her a candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize.

Mutabar Tadjibayeva was on a top 10 list of women who worked for human rights.

In 2008, Tadjibayeva received the Martin Ennals Award. When she received the award, she was still in prison.

For the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Fiery Hearts Club received the "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" Prize from France. Mutabar Tadjibayeva accepted the prize in Paris.

In March 2009, Tadjibayeva received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. State Department. Later she returned the award.

In 2011, Mutabar Tadjibayeva was on a list of ten most influential women in Central Asia.

## Other websites

- Jarayon Website "Fiery Hearts Club"
The Fly (1958 movie)

***The Fly*** is an American science fiction horror movie set in Montreal, Quebec. It is directed by Kurt Neumann and written by James Clavell. The movie is released on July 16, 1958 and distributed by 20th Century Fox.

It was followed by two sequels: _Return of the Fly_ and _Curse of the Fly_. A 1986 remake _The Fly_ was released on August 15, 1986.
Ambiga Sreenevasan

**Ambiga Sreenevasan** (born 1956) is a lawyer and human rights advocate from Malaysia. In 2009, she received the International Women of Courage Award.

## Life

Sreenevasan went to high school at Convent Bukit Nanasin Kuala Lumpur.  in 1979, she got a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) from the University of Exeter in England.  She became a lawyer in 1980. She worked in two London law firms, then she became a member of the Malaysian Bar in 1982. In July 2011, she received an Honorary Doctorate in Law (LLD) from the University of Exeter in England.

## Work

Sreenevasan was the president of the Malaysian Bar Council from 2007 to 2009.  She was also the head of  Bersih, an NGO for free and fair elections.

Because Sreenevasan wanted to help with problems between ethnic groups, she received hate mail and death threats.  Hundreds of people from religious groups and conservative members of government protested against Sreenevasan at the Bar Council building and called for her arrest.

In 2008, as President of the Malaysian Bar she helped start LAWASIA, the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute and Transparency International-Malaysia, to study abuse of power.

### Bersih demonstration

Sreenevasan was head of Bersih 2.0, the organisation behind the July 2011 demonstration in Kuala Lumpur.  There were 20,000 people at the demonstration. Sreenevasan said the main problems for Malaysia were "unhappiness... in the Sarawak [election], unhappiness about corruption, [and] unhappiness about the lack of independence of our institutions."

Sreenevasan said the problems from the first demonstration in 2007 were not fixed, so there was another demonstration.

## Other websites

- Ambiga Sreenevasan, "Malaysia’s Many Scandals", _The New York Times_, August 20, 2015
Red Fisher

**Red Fisher** (22 August 1926 – 19 January 2018) was a Canadian retired sports journalist. His columns focused on the National Hockey League and its Montreal Canadiens team. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. he began his hockey coverage in _The Montreal Star_ newspaper in 1954 where he remained as writer and sports editor until that paper's demise in 1979. He retired in 2012.

Fisher died in Montreal on 19 January 2018 at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- _Montreal Gazette_: Red Fisher , accessed 11 November 2006

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Red Fisher
- **image**: Red Fisher.jpg
- **caption**: Fisher in December 2009
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **death place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **occupation**: Sports journalist
- **years active**: 1954-2012
Wazhma Frogh

**Wazhma Frogh** is a women's rights activist from Afghanistan. In 2009, she received the International Women of Courage Award.

## Life

In the eighth grade, Frogh taught her landlord's children, so that the landlord would reduce her rent.  She wanted money so she and her sisters could go to school. At age 17, she worked as an intern at a newspaper in Pakistan.  Because of her job, she saw the difficult lives of the women in Afghan refugee camps.

## Work

From 1992 to 2001, Frogh lived in Peshawar, Pakistan, while she started programs for women in Aghanistian. In 2002 Frogh finished the first study of women’s conditions in Nuristan, Afghanistan. Frogh also helped start women's centers in the Kandahar, Ghazni, Herat, and Parwan provinces of Afghanistan.

Frogh helped start the Afghan organization "Research Institute for Women".  She became the director. In 2013, she wanted to visit the United States after she wrote about a militia commander in a report to NATO. The militia commander was a repeat abuser of rights. The militia commander threaten Frogh and her sisters.  The Institute of Inclusive Security invited Frogh to come to the U.S. as a visiting fellow, but her visa was refused. Frogh also wrote for _The Guardian_ on the subject of Afghanistan.

## Other websites

Wazhma Frogh's blog
Chris Diamantopoulos

**Christopher "Chris" Diamantopoulos** (born May 9, 1975; ) is a Greek-Canadian actor and comedian. He is known for playing Moe Howard in the 2012 _The Three Stooges_ film, and for voicing Mickey Mouse in the 2013 TV series of the same name.

## Selected filmography

- _The Adulterer_ (2000)
- _Drop Dead Roses_ (2001)
- _Law & Order_ (2002, TV series)
- _Third Watch_ (2003, TV series)
- _Frasier_ (2004, TV series)
- _Nip/Tuck_ (2004, TV series)
- _Charmed_ (2004, TV series)
- _American Dreams_ (2004, TV series)
- _Kevin Hill_ (2004, TV series)
- _Jake in Progress_ (2005, TV series)
- _Behind the Camera: The Unauthorized Story of Mork & Mindy_ (2005, TV)
- _The Sopranos_ (2006, TV series)
- _Wedding Daze_ (2006)
- _Boston Legal_ (2006, TV series)
- _Three Days to Vegas_ (2007)
- _Raines_ (2007, TV series)
- _The Starter Wife_ (2007, TV miniseries)
- _State of Mind_ (2007, TV series)
- _24_ (2010, TV series)
- _The Kennedys_ (2011, TV miniseries)
- _Up All Night_ (2011–2012, TV series)
- _The Three Stooges_ (2012)
- _Community_ (2013, TV series)
- _The Office_ (2013, TV series)
- _Arrested Development_ (2013, TV series)
- _Family Guy_ (2013, TV series)
- _American Dad!_ (2013, TV series)
- _Mickey Mouse_ (2013–present, TV series)
- _The Art of the Steal_ (2013)
- _Doctor Lollipop_ (2013, web cartoon)
- _Dr. Cabbie_ (2014)
- _Episodes_ (2014, TV series)
- _Hannibal_ (2014, TV series)
- _About a Boy_ (2014, TV series)
- _Silicon Valley_ (2015–present, TV Series)
- _The Truth About Lies_ (2015)
- _Batman Unlimited: Animal Instincts_ - (2015, Direct-to-video)

## Animated films

- _Diary of a Wimpy Kid (2021 movie)_
- _Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (2022 movie)_
- _Diary of a Wimpy Kid (animated movie series)_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chris Diamantopoulos
- **image**: Chris Diamantopoulos 4th Annual Norma Jean Gala (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Diamantopoulos at the 4th Annual Norma Jean Gala in March 2015
- **birth name**: Christopher Diamantopoulos
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **occupation**: Actor, comedian
- **yearsactive**: 2000–present
- **children**: 2
Selma Reis

**Selma Reis** (24 August 1960 – 19 December 2015) was a Brazilian actress and singer. She was born in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro. She acted in many telenovelas and miniseries for Rede Globo, including _Caminho das Índias_, _Páginas da Vida_, _Presença de Anita_ and _Chiquinha Gonzaga_. After 1987, she released a debut album, the first of eleven releases.

## Personal life

She was married to photographer Locca Faria, with whom she had a son. The couple separated but remained friends for the last three years of her life.

In July 2014, Reis was diagnosed with brain cancer. Reis died at a hospital in Teresópolis, Brazil from the disease, aged 55. She was cremated in a Lutheran service in Nova Friburgo.
Red Star OS

**Red Star OS** is the operating system used by computers in North Korea. The latest version of the operating system is Red Star 3 and it looks almost exactly like macOS. Before Red Star 3 came out, Red Star looked more like Windows instead of macOS. Red Star OS also has its very own web browser called Naenara which means "my country" in Korean. It has a modified version of Mozilla Firefox and it has the North Korean internet called Kwangmyong.

## Infobox (os)

- **name**: Red Star OS
- **screenshot**: Redstar3.0.png
- **developer**: Korea Computer Center, North Korea
- **latest release version**: Red Star 3.0
- **language**: Korean language, Korean
- **working state**: Current
- **family**: Unix-like
Maureen McGovern

**Maureen McGovern** (born July 27, 1949) is an American singer and Broadway actress. She is well known known for her renditions of songs such as "The Morning After" from the 1972 movie _The Poseidon Adventure_.

McGovern was born in Youngstown, Ohio. In August 2022, McGovern was diagnosed with a rare form of dementia.
Because You Loved Me

"**Because You Loved Me**" is a 1996 pop-R&B ballad by Canadian singer Celine Dion. Its lyrics are about the protagonist thanking a loyal loved one for guiding, encouraging and protecting her and for making her who she is. It was originally written for the movie _Up Close and Personal_. Diane Warren, who wrote the song (and others for artists like Cher, Aerosmith, Monica, and Lady Gaga), said the song was a tribute to her father. "Because You Loved Me" won Warren a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television, or Other Visual Media.

"Because You Loved Me" is the second track on Dion's album _Falling into You_. The song was at the top of the U.S. _Billboard_ Hot 100 for six weeks. It finished as the third-best performing song of 1996 there.  It also reached number one in Canada and Australia and reached number five in the UK.  It was certified Platinum in the US for sales and shipments of over one million copies.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Because You Loved Me
- **artist**: Celine Dion, Céline Dion
- **album**: Falling into You
- **released**: February 1996
- **length**: 4:33
- **writer**: Diane Warren
- **producer**: David Foster
- **prev title**: It's All Coming Back to Me Now
- **prev year**: 1996
- **next title**: River Deep, Mountain High
- **next year**: 1996
Delirium (Ellie Goulding album)

***Delirium*** is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding.  The album was released on 6 November 2015.  It features the lead single "On My Mind", which reached the top five in the United Kingdom and the top twenty in the United States.  The hit song "Love Me like You Do", recorded for the movie _Fifty Shades of Grey_, is also included on the album.  _Delirium_ has reached number two on the album charts in Canada and the top three in the US, UK, and Australia.
IPhone 6S

The **iPhone 6S** and **iPhone 6S Plus** are two smartphones designed by Apple Inc. They were released on September 25, 2015. They replace the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus, respectively.  These "S" models have a rose gold finish. They have cameras on the front (5 megapixels) and back (12 megapixels). The screens are  for the 6S and  for the 6S Plus.  The storage capacities are 16, 64, and 128 gigabytes.  A new feature, Force Touch, is on these models and is also on the Apple Watch.  Live Photos is a new feature that allows users to take moving photos.
Deaths in 2016

The following is a list of **notable deaths in 2016**. For notable deaths for each month, please see "Months".  Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.

## Months

- January
- February
- March
- April
- May
- June
- July
- August
- September
- October
- November
- December

## Other websites

- _The Guardian_, UK obituaries
- Obituaries, _Los Angeles Times_
- Obituaries, _Chicago Tribune_
- _The New York Times_, US obituaries
- _The Sydney Morning Herald_, Australian obituaries
- _The Telegraph_ obituaries
Deaths in January 2016

The following is a list of **notable deaths in January 2016**. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Previous months".  Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.

- Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, nationality, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and most importantly a source.
__TOC__
Patricia Elliott

**Patricia Elliott** (July 21, 1938 – December 20, 2015) was an American actress. She was born in Gunnison, Colorado. She was known for her roles as Renée Divine Buchanan in the soap opera _One Life to Live_ and as Countess Charlotte Malcolm in the Stephen Sondheim musical _A Little Night Music_. She won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical in 1973.

Elliott died in New York City, from cancer, aged 77.
Carol Burns

**Carol Burns** (22 February 1947 – 21 December 2015) was an Australian actress. She was born in Brisbane, Queensland. She worked in Australia and in the United Kingdom. She began her career in 1967. Burns was known for her role as Franky Doyle in the soap opera _Prisoner_.

Burns died of cancer at her home in Brisbane at the age of 68.

## Other websites

- Queensland Theatre Company – The Glass Menagerie