juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hayabusa (wrestler)

(29 November 1968 – 3 March 2016) was a Japanese professional wrestler. He was better known for wrestling under a mask as **Hayabusa**. He mainly worked for the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) promotion. He also wrestled for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) and in North America for Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA), Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), and one match with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW).

## Career

Ezaki debuted for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) at the 1994 Super J Cup, losing in the first round to Jushin Thunder Liger. He started wrestling under the Hayabusa gimmick in 1993 while he was working in Mexico.

In October 2001, Ezaki suffered a career-ending injury when he tried to perform a springboard moonsault off the middle rope, lost his footing, landed on his head, and cracked two of his vertebrae which left him paralyzed. In 2015, Ezaki had regained the use of his legs and was able to stand on his own and walk with a cane.

On 3 April 2015, Hayabusa took part in a press conference which announced the return of FMW. He had served as the executive producer of the promotion.

## Death

On 3 March 2016, Ezaki died from a subarachnoid hemorrhage at age 47. He was found dead in his home by the owner of a tavern that he was supposed to do a small concert for that day, but did not show up.

## Infobox (wrestler)

- **name**: Hayabusa
- **names**: Darkside of Hayabusa
Eiji Ezaki
H
Hayabusa
- **image**: Hayabusa FMW.jpg
- **birth place**: Yatsushiro, Kumamoto, Japan
- **trainer**: Tarzan Goto
- **debut**: May 5, 1991
- **retired**: October 22, 2001
Jeff Weaver (political staffer)

**Jeffrey "Jeff" P. Weaver** (born 1966) is an American political adviser. He was the campaign manager for the Bernie Sanders presidential campaign in 2016. Weaver served as the campaign manager during Bernie Sanders' successful Senate run in 2006. Weaver also served as chief of staff in Sanders’ House and Senate offices.

Weaver was born in St. Albans, Vermont. He studied at Boston University, the University of Vermont, and Georgetown University.
F. Lee Bailey

**Francis Lee Bailey Jr.**, commonly referred to as **F. Lee Bailey**, (June 10, 1933 – June 3, 2021) was an American criminal-defense lawyer. Bailey was born in Waltham, Massachusetts. He worked in Massachusetts and Florida.

Bailey represented Doctor Sam Sheppard on appeal after Sheppard was convicted of murdering his wife. Bailey managed to get Sheppard a retrial, in which Bailey was successful in getting Sheppard acquitted. Bailey was the lead lawyer in successfully defending Captain Ernest Medina in the court martial for the My Lai Massacre. Bailey, along with others, successfully defended O. J. Simpson in the trial where Simpson was accused of murdering his ex-wife, Nicole Brown.

In 2014, the Maine State Bar Association and the Maine Supreme Judicial Court denied Bailey's petition to have his law license reinstated.

Bailey died in Atlanta, Georgia on June 3, 2021, one week before his 88th birthday.
Stuffed animal fetishism

**Stuffed animal fetishism** (or _plushophilia_) is a sexual attraction to stuffed animals. People who have this fetish are sometimes called _plushies_. People who have a stuffed animal fetish are sometimes thought of as furries.
Albert Einstein Square

**Albert Einstein Square**  (, _Kikar Albert Einstein_) is a public square in Jerusalem, Israel. it is located in the entrance of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities at the Talbiya neighborhood in Jerusalem.

Albert Einstein visited Palestine in 1923 for 12 days. He gave the first lecture at the Mount Scopus campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Einstein was in favor of the Hebrew University, as well as Zionism and education in general. This is the reason the square is named for him. Also, a statue of Einstein is nearby in the gardens of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
Def Jam Vendetta

***Def Jam Vendetta*** is a 2003 professional wrestling video game published by Electronic Arts and developed by AKI Corporation and EA Canada. It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube. _Def Jam Vendetta_ was released on March 31, 2003 in North America, May 23, 2003 in PAL regions, and on August 21, 2003 in Japan. It featured hip hop musicians from the Def Jam Records label as fighters. The engine for the game was first designed for a sequel to EA's _WCW Mayhem_, but EA lost their WCW license when WCW was bought by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 2001.

## Reception

IGN rated the game a 8.9 out of 10. Jon Robinson of IGN said that the multiplayer was "smooth" and "slick". GameSpot rated the game 8.4 out of 10. Alex Navarro of GameSpot said "As a wrestling game, Def Jam Vendetta manages to succeed on most every level, providing surprisingly deep gameplay, quality graphics and sound, and a distinctive atmosphere".

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Syn Sophia, AKI Corporation
EA Canada
- **publisher**: Electronic Arts
- **released**: **PlayStation 2****GameCube**
- **genre**: Sports game, Sports, Fighting game, Fighting
- **modes**: Single player
multiplayer
- **platforms**: PlayStation 2, GameCube
Hassan al-Turabi

**Hassan 'Abd Allah al-Turabi** (c.1932 – 5 March 2016) was a Sudanese religious and Islamist political leader in Sudan. He has been called "one of the most important figures in modern Sudanese politics". He was born in Kassala, Sudan. Al-Turabi was leader of what was called the National Islamic Front (NIF). He served as Speaker of the National Assembly serving from 1996 through 1999. He later served as Secretary General of the Popular Congress Party from 1999 until his death in 2016.

Al-Turabi died in Khartoum, Sudan on 5 March 2016. He was aged 84.
Berta Cáceres

**Berta Isabel Cáceres Flores** (4 March 1971 – 2 March 2016) was a Honduran environmental activist and indigenous leader of the Lenca people.

She was co-founder and coordinator of the Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras (COPINH). She won the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2015.

## Assassination

On March 2, 2016, two armed intruders shot Cáceres to death in her home in La Esperanza, Honduras, after years of threats against her life. She was 44 years old.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Berta Cáceres
- **image**: Berta Cáceres (cropped).jpg
- **birth name**: Berta Isabel Cáceres Flores
- **birth place**: Honduras
- **death place**: La Esperanza, Honduras
- **death cause**: Assassination (gunshot wounds)
- **nationality**: Honduran
- **years active**: 1993–2016
- **occupation**: Environmentalist
- **known for**: Goldman Prize
Spaghetti strap

A **spaghetti strap** is a support for clothing with  very thin straps. It is often used for garments such as swimwear, camisoles, crop tops, bras, cocktail dresses, and evening gowns.
Alcohol by volume

**Alcohol by volume**  (often shortened to **ABV**)  tells how much ethanol there is in an alcoholic drink. The quantity is measured at a temperature  of .
Common levels of alcohol are 3-5 percent for cider, 4-7 percent for beer, and 12-14 percent for wine. Distilled alcoholic drinks ( called spirits)  contain more than twenty percent ethanol.

A directive of the European Union of 1976 says that the alcohol content of alcoholic drinks must be measured using the ABV measurement described above.

## Other ways of measuring alcohol content

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1777-1850) and Johann Georg Tralles (1763-1822) developed other means of measuring alcohol content. These units are usually measured in degrees, noted °GL, or °GT. The scale Gay-Lussac developed is almost equal to the ABV scale described above. There may be slight different, because Gay-Lussac measured the alcohol content at 15° centigrade, and not 20°.

## Related pages

- Alcoholic proof
Yakutia Airlines

**Yakutia Airlines** ("Авиакомпания Якутия") is a Russian airline. It started in 1992 with the name "Sakha Avia". In 2002, the name was changed to "Yakutia Airlines". Today, Yakutia goes from Russia to Asia, Europe and the USA.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Yakutia Airlines
- **fleet size**: 12
- **destinations**: 40
- **founded**: 1992
- **commenced**: 2002
- **headquarters**: Yakutsk, Russia
- **hubs**: *Yakutsk
- **focus cities**: *Krasnodar
*Moscow
- **website**: [http://www.yakutia.aero/]
Barren Island

**Barren island** is in the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. India's only active volcano is there.
Probability density function

In probability and statistics, a **probability density function** is a function that characterizes any continuous probability distribution. For a random variable _X_, the probability density function of X is sometimes written as . The integral of the probability density function in the interval  yields the probability that a given random variable with the given density is contained in the interval provided. By definition, the probability density function is non-negative throughout its domain, on which the integral sums up to 1.

## Probability density versus probability mass function

The probability mass function is to a discrete probability distribution what the probability density function is to a continuous probability distribution. The probability density function is necessary to be able to work with continuous distributions.

A random variable with a continuous probability distribution can take on any value within that distribution. Casting a dice will give the numbers 1 to 6, with a probability of , but this is not a continuous function, as only the numbers 1 to 6 are possible.

In contrast, two people will not have the same height or the same weight. Using a probability density function, it is possible to determine the probability for people between  and , or between  and , even though there are infinitely many values between these two bounds.
Model airplane

A **model airplane** is a small sized Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. It may be a replica of an existing airplane or an imaginary aircraft.

Model aircraft are generally divided into two basic types, flying and non-flying. Non-flying models are also called static, display, or shelf models. Flying models range from simple toy gliders to powered scale models. Some can be very large, especially when used to simulate the conditions of a real flight. Static models range from mass-produced toys to highly accurate models used for museum display.

Aircraft manufacturers and researchers use wind tunnel models. They are used for testing new designs and development of new ones. Sometimes only part of the aircraft is modeled.

## Related pages

- Glow fuel
Heidi Cruz

**Heidi Suzanne Cruz** (née **Nelson**; born on August 7, 1972) is an American investment manager at Goldman Sachs. She is the spouse of Republican Texas senator and 2016 U.S. presidential candidate Ted Cruz.

## Personal life

Heidi Suzanne Cruz was born on August 7, 1972 in San Luis Obispo, California, and grew up in a Seventh-day Adventist family. Cruz's interest in politics began when she traveled to Washington, D.C. with her parents when she was 8.

She graduated with a B.A. in Economics and International Relations from Claremont McKenna College in 1994. She was active in Claremont McKenna's Republican group, but was asked to resign after spying on Bill Clinton's campaign for reelection. In 1995, she received a Masters of European Business from Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management in Brussels, Belgium and in 2000, she graduated with a M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.

Heidi married Ted Cruz on May 27, 2001. Heidi met Ted Cruz while the two were working together on George W. Bush's 2000 presidential campaign. In April 2008, Cruz gave birth to her first child, Caroline Camille Cruz. Her second daughter, Catherine Christiane Cruz, was born in 2011.

## Career

In 2003, she worked for the Bush administration on economic policy, eventually becoming the director for the Western Hemisphere on the National Security Council under National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice in 2003. She left Washington DC in 2004 to support Ted Cruz's run for elective office in Texas.

Cruz has worked for three investment banks, JP Morgan Chase, Merrill Lynch, and Goldman Sachs.

In 2005, she joined Goldman Sachs, serving as a private wealth manager and is currently the Region Head for the Southwest Region in the Investment Management Division of Goldman Sachs in Houston.

### 2016 presidential election

Ted Cruz said that the decision for him to run for president was difficult for his wife, because she was busy with her business career and raising their 2 children. She changed her mind after listening to a CD from her sister-in-law.

Cruz was involved in her husband's run for president. She made a few public appearances without him to help with the campaign. She also ran a lunch for Republican women in Reno, Nevada a few days before the Nevada primary.
Aki Kaurismäki

**Aki Kaurismäki**  (born 4 April 1957 Orimattila, Finland) is a movie director and a screenwriter from Finland. In his movies he shows understanding of people who are not very successful in life. He writes in the style of black comedy.

Kaurismäki made his first movie in 1983. It was based on _Crime and Punishment_ by Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

_The Man Without a Past_ won the Grand Prix award in the  Cannes Film Festival in 2002. It was also an Academy Award nominee for best foreign language movie. The plot is about a man who lost his memory, but gets help from many people whom he meets.

Other Kaurismäki movies include _Leningrad Cowboys Go America_ (1989), about a rock and roll band, and _Drifting Clouds_ (1996) about how an unemployed couple manages in life.

## Other websites

- Aki Kaurismäki by Orimattila Town Library.
- Aki Kaurismaki on Eurochannel with _A Film and Its Era: Le Havre_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Aki Kaurismäki
- **image**: Aki Kaurismäki.jpg
- **caption**: Aki Kaurismäki in 2012
- **birth place**: Orimattila, Finland
- **birth name**: Aki Olavi Kaurismäki
- **occupation**: Movie director, Movie producer, producer and screenwriter
- **awards**: **Grand Prix (Cannes Festival), Cannes Grand Prix**
2002 _The Man Without a Past_
**Cannes Film Festival, Cannes Ecumenical Jury Special Mention**
1996 _Drifting Clouds (film), Drifting Clouds_
**Cannes Film Festival, Cannes Prize of the Ecumenical Jury**
2002 _The Man Without a Past_
**FIPRESCI Award**
2011 _Le Havre (film), Le Havre_
**Jussi Award, Jussi for Best Film**
2006 _Lights in the Dusk_
**Jussi Award, Jussi for Best Debut Film**
1983 _Crime and Punishment (1983 movie), Crime and Punishment_
**Jussi Award, Jussi for Best Script**
1983 _Crime and Punishment (1983 movie), Crime and Punishment_
1996 _Drifting Clouds (film), Drifting Clouds_
2002 _The Man Without a Past_
2011 _Le Havre (film), Le Havre_
**Jussi Award, Jussi for Best Direction**
1990 _The Match Factory Girl_
1992 _La Vie de Bohème (film), La vie de bohème_
1996 _Drifting Clouds (film), Drifting Clouds_
2002 _The Man Without a Past_
**São Paulo International Film Festival, São Paulo Audience Award for Best Feature**
1996 _Drifting Clouds (film), Drifting Clouds_
Aleksis Kivi

**Aleksis Kivi** , born Alexis Stenvall, (10 October 1834 – 31 December 1872) was a Finnish writer. He wrote plays and poems and the first significant novel in the Finnish language, Seven Brothers (Finnish title: Seitsemän veljestä). He is considered one of the greatest authors in Finland.

Kivi was born in Nurmijärvi. He lived in time when all educated people in Finland spoke Swedish. He was the first professional writer who published his works in Finnish. Kivi, Mikael Agricola and Elias Lönnrot are regarded fathers of a national literature in Finnish.
Kalabhavan Mani

**Mani Raman** (1 January 1971 – 6 March 2016), commonly referred to by his stage name **Kalabhavan Mani**, was an Indian movie actor and singer. Mani started his career as a mimicry artist with the Kalabhavan troupe.

Mani was in over 200 movies. He was known for his character and villain roles.  He won the National Film Award and Kerala State Film Award in 1999 for his role as Ramu in _Vasanthiyum Lakshmiyum Pinne Njaanum_.He also acted in many Tamil films starring villain role.

Mani died in Kochi, Kerala on 6 March 2016. He had liver disease. Mani was aged 45.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kalabhavan Mani
- **image**: KalabhavanManiMay2010.JPG
- **caption**: Kalabhavan Mani in 2010
- **birth name**: Mani Raman Chenathunad Kunnisseri Veettil
- **birth place**: Chalakudy, Kerala, India
- **death place**: Kochi, Kerala, India
- **occupation**: Film actor, playback singer, music director
- **children**: Sree Lakshmy
- **parents**: Chenathunad Kunnisseri Veettil Raman
 Ammini Raman
- **years active**: 1995 – 2015
- **spouse**: Nimmy (m.2000)
- **notable works**: vasanthiyum lakshmiyum pinne njanum, summer in bethlahem, karimadikkuttan, kottaram veetil appoottan
Ray Tomlinson

**Raymond Samuel Tomlinson** (April 23, 1941 – March 5, 2016) was an American programmer. He created the first email system on the ARPANET system in 1971. He used the @ sign to separate the user from their machine, which has been used in email addresses ever since. He was added into the Internet Hall of Fame. He was born in Amsterdam, New York.

Tomlinson died of a heart attack in Lincoln, Massachusetts. He was aged 74.
Albert Edelfelt

**Albert Gustaf Aristides Edelfelt** (21 July 1854 – 18 August 1905) was a Finnish painter. He painted a lot of history subjects and portraits.

Edelfelt studied and exhibited in Paris. He was invited to paint portraits of many famous people abroad. This way culture of Finland became famous many years before the country became independent.

Edelfelt was above all a painter, but he also worked as a graphic artist and illustrator. His famous works include the illustrations for Johan Ludvig Runeberg's  partiotic collection of poems, the 'Ensign Stål' stories (1894 - 1900).
Finnhorse

**The Finnhorse** or **Finnish Horse**  is a horse breed developed in Finland. The Finnhorse is the national horse breed of Finland. It is suitable both for riding and to pull vehicles in races and as a workhorse.

Studbook of Finnhorses was founded 1907.  The horse is 156 cm high. It has many colours, but the main colours are brown and black. The Finnhorse has often white markings on the face and the legs.

## Infobox (horse)

- **name**: Finnhorse
- **image**: Finnhorse_stallion.jpg
- **image caption**: Finnhorse stallion, trotter section
- **altname**: Finnish Horse, Finnish Universal, Suokki
- **country**: Finland
- **group1**: Hippos
- **std1**: http://www.hippos.fi/hippos/englanti/finnhorse.php
- **features**: Dry and strongly muscled, with strong bone and good hooves. Most often of chestnut (coat), chestnut colour.
Kenneth M. Curtis

**Kenneth Merwin Curtis** (born February 8, 1931) is an American lawyer and former politician. He was born in Leeds, Maine.

Curtis, a member of the Democratic Party. He was the Secretary of State of Maine serving from 1965–1966. He became the 68th Governor in 1967. He held that office until 1975. Curtis served as chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1977 to 1978. He was the Ambassador to Canada from 1979 to 1981.

Curtis now lives in Florida. He is a superdelegate.

## Other websites

- curtisthaxter.com  Kenneth Curtis biography

## Infobox (governor)

- **name**: Kenneth M. Curtis
- **image**: File:Photo SOS 026 Kenneth M Curtis.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **order1**: 68th
- **office1**: Governor of Maine
- **term start1**: January 5, 1967
- **term end1**: January 2, 1975
- **predecessor1**: John H. Reed
- **successor1**: James B. Longley
- **office2**: Secretary of State of Maine
- **term start2**: 1965
- **term end2**: 1966
- **preceded2**: Paul A. MacDonald
- **succeeded2**: Joseph T. Edgar
- **birth name**: Kenneth Merwin Curtis
- **birth place**: Leeds, Maine
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
Excise

An** excise** or **excise tax** is an indirect tax charged on certain goods. As an indirect tax, they are charged by the producer or the merchant who then has to pay the government. For the same reason they are also not considered a sales tax. Excise taxes are commonly part of the retail price of a product such as gasoline, alcohol or cigarettes. Excise taxes may be charged by both state and federal governments.

## Excise vs sales tax

Excise taxes are different from sales tax in two important ways. First, excise is charged only on specific goods. Sales tax can apply to most things a person might buy although certain jurisdictions may exempt food or clothing. Excise taxes are usually applied to luxury goods or products linked to health issues such as tanning salons or cigarettes. Secondly, sales tax is charged as a percentage of the purchase price. An excise tax is usually a fixed amount added to the price. It can be hard to tell how much excise tax a person pays because it is part of the purchase price. Sales tax is added to the price and is usually shown on the receipt.

## US excise taxes

In the United States, excise taxes make up about 4 percent of all federal revenues. This is lower than many other countries. The Constitution refers to excise tax as an indirect tax. Some states in the United States have different names for excise taxes. For example, in the state of Massachusetts the excise tax charged on automobiles is called an "ad valorem tax".

## Other websites

- Difference Between Tax and Duty
- Seven ways Americans pay taxes
Resolution

**Resolution** may refer to:

## General topics

- Resolution (debate), the statement which is debated in policy debate
- Resolution (law), a written motion adopted by a deliberative body
- Resolution (logic), a rule of inference used for automated theorem proving
- Resolution (music), the move of a note or chord from dissonance to consonance
- New Year's resolution, a commitment that an individual makes at New Year's Day
- _Resolution_ (beam engine), an early steam engine at Coalbrookdale
- Dispute resolution, the settlement of a disagreement

## Measurement resolution

- Display resolution, the number of distinct pixels in each dimension that can be displayed on a display device
- Resolution (audio), a measure of digital audio quality
- Spectral resolution, the capability of an optical system to distinguish different frequencies
- Sensor resolution, the smallest change a sensor can detect in the quantity that it is measuring
- Resolution of a spectrometer, the ability to distinguish two close-lying energies (or wavelengths, or frequencies, or masses)
    - Resolution (mass spectrometry), the ability to distinguish peaks in a mass spectrum
- Image resolution, a measure of the amount of detail in an image
- Printing resolution, the number of individual dots a printer can produce within a unit of distance (e.g., dots per inch)

## Business or organization

- Corporate resolution, a legal document defining which individuals are authorized to act on behalf of a corporation

## Places

- Resolution Island (Nunavut), in the Arctic region of Canada
- Resolution Island, New Zealand, the largest (uninhabited) island in Fiordland, in the southwest of New Zealand
- Resolution, United States Virgin Islands

## Vessels

- HMS _Resolution_, any of several Royal Navy ships
- HMNZS _Resolution_ (A14), Royal New Zealand Navy surveillance ship
- _Resolution_-class submarine, British Royal Navy
- _Resolution_ (1793 ship), an American trading vessel whose crew were massacred in 1794

## Mathematics

- Resolution (algebra), an exact sequence in homological algebra
- Standard resolution, the bar construction of resolutions in homological algebra
- Resolution (logic), an inference rule for refutation-based theorem proving
- Resolution of singularities in algebraic geometry

## Music

- "Resolution", a John Coltrane (1926–1967) song from _A Love Supreme_
- "Resolution", by Romantic Mode, the second opening theme for the anime After War Gundam X
- "Resolution", a poem by Bertolt Brecht
- "Resolution", a Mahavishnu Orchestra song from the album _Birds of Fire_
WWE 2K16

***WWE 2K16*** is a 2015 professional wrestling video game published by 2K Sports and developed by Yuke's and Visual Concepts. It was released for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. It is the seventeenth game in the _WWE games_ series. _WWE 2K16_ was released on October 27, 2015 in North America, October 30, 2015 in Europe, and on October 29, 2015 in Australasia. It will be released for Windows on March 11, 2016. Stone Cold Steve Austin is featured on the cover of the game.

It was announced by 2k that _WWE 2K16_ would have the "largest roster in the game's history", featuring over 120 playable characters, and almost double the 67 that were in _2K15_.

## Reception

The game received mixed reviews. IGN rated the game a 8.8 out of 10. Vince Ingenito of IGN said that the game was a "step in the right direction" for the series. He said that he liked the gameplay and the roster features, but did not like the overall inconsistency with the game. GameSpot rated the game a 4 out of 10. Don Saas of GameSpot said that he liked the 2K Showcase mode and the Jim Ross returning on commentary but also said that "Little else in the game makes much of a positive impression."

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Yuke's
Visual Concepts
- **publisher**: 2K Sports
- **series**: _WWE 2K_
- **released**: **PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PlayStation 4, Xbox One****Microsoft Windows**
- **genre**: Professional wrestling, Fighting game, fighting, Sports game, sports
- **modes**: Single player
multiplayer
- **platforms**: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One
Flint water crisis

The **Flint water crisis** is a drinking water contamination crisis in Flint, Michigan which began in April 2014. When the city changed its water source from treated Detroit Water and Sewerage Department water to the Flint River, it created a serious public health danger.

In Flint, between 6,000 and 12,000 children have been exposed to drinking water with high levels of lead. They may experience serious health problems. The water change is also a possible cause of an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease that has killed 10 people in the county.

On January 5, 2016, Michigan Governor Rick Snyder declared a state of emergency for Flint. President Barack Obama declared a federal state of emergency. He authorized additional help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Homeland Security almost two weeks later.
Legionnaires' disease

**Legionnaires' disease** is a form of pneumonia caused by any type of _Legionella_ bacteria. Over 90% of cases are caused by _Legionella pneumophila_.

The length of time between exposure to the bacteria and the appearance of symptoms is generally two to ten days. It can be as much as 20 days. People with Legionnaires' usually have fever, chills, and a cough. Some also have muscle aches, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, diarrhea or vomiting.

People of any age may have Legionnaires' disease. It is most common in middle aged and older people.

## Infobox (disease)

- **name**: Legionellosis
- **image**: Legionella_pneumophila_01.jpg
- **image width**: 240px
- **caption**: Image of _L. pneumophila_, responsible for over 90% of Legionnaires' disease cases
- **field**: Infectious disease, pulmonology
- **diseasesdb**: 7366
- **icd10**: ,
- **medlineplus**: 000616
- **emedicinesubj**: med
- **emedicinetopic**: 1273
- **meshid**: D007876
- **orphanet**: 549
Marley Shelton

**Marley Eve Shelton** (born April 12, 1974) is an American television and movie actress. She began her acting career in 1991. She has acted in different movie genres. She played Amanda in _Grand Canyon_. She also played Tricia Nixon Cox in _Nixon_ (1995). voice roles include, Nutri Ventures, The Powerpuff Girls as additional adr voices.

Shelton was born in Los Angeles, California.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Marley Shelton.jpg
- **caption**: Shelton at the 2007 Austin, Texas, Austin premiere of _Grindhouse (film), Grindhouse_
- **birth name**: Marley Eve Shelton
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1990–present
- **children**: 2
- **relatives**: Samantha Shelton <small>(sister)</small>
LaWanda Page

**LaWanda Page** (October 19, 1920September 14, 2002), born **Alberta Peal**, was an American actress and comedienne best known for her role as Aunt Esther in the 1970s NBC TV sitcom _Sanford and Son_. She later reprised the role in _Sanford Arms_ and _Sanford_.

## Early life and career

She was born on October 19, 1920 in Cleveland, Ohio.LaWanda Page and Redd Foxx were very close friends from the time they were pre-teens. They attended school and grew up together in St. Louis. Later on, they both entered the field of comedy separately and performed stage acts. Page later recorded several live comedy albums for the Laff Records label in the late 1960s and early 1970s under the LaWanda stage name. One release, a gold-selling album called _Watch It, Sucker!_, was titled after one of her Aunt Esther character's catchphrases to capitalize on her newfound TV fame. During her tenure as a stand-up comic, which lasted all the way to the 1990s, she was often called _The Queen of Comedy_, or _The Black Queen of Comedy_. Other than the expletive-free _Sane Advice_ album, released two years after the run of _Sanford and Son_, most of Page's albums and stand-up material were raunchy in nature.

### Other film and television appearances

In 1977 Page appeared in an episode of _The Love Boat_, _Martin,_ _227,_ _Family Matters,_ and _Diff'rent Strokes._ She appeared on _Circus Of The Stars_ as a fire eater.

## Death

Page died of complications from diabetes on September 14, 2002. She is interred in an outdoor crypt at Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.

Her daughter, the evangelist Clara Estella Roberta Johnson, died on June 4, 2006, in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 69.

## Discography

- _Mutha Is Half a Word_ (1971)
- _Watch It, Sucker!_ (1972)
- _Back Door Daddy_ (1972; featuring Skillet & Leroy)
- _Preach On Sister, Preach On!_ (1973)
- _Pipe Layin' Dan_ (1973)
- _Sane Advice_ (1979)

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: LaWanda Page
- **image**: LaWanda Page 1977.jpg
- **caption**: LaWanda Page in 1977
- **birth name**: Alberta Peal
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, United States
- **death place**: Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, United States
- **nationality**: United States, American
Atmosphere of Mars

The **atmosphere of Mars** is the layer of gases surrounding Mars. It is mainly made up of carbon dioxide. The average atmospheric pressure of the Martian surface (6.0 mbar) is much lower than that of the Earth (1,013 mbar). The pressure is well below the Armstrong limit, meaning that water boils at the normal temperature of the human body: 98.6 °F (36.6 °C).

The Martian atmosphere contains 96% carbon dioxide, 1.9% argon, 1.9% nitrogen, and traces of oxygen, carbon monoxide, water and methane, and so on. Ever since the discovery of methane in 2003, scientists say that this might indicate life. It has also been suggested that is may be caused by geochemical processes, volcanic or hydrothermal activity.

The atmosphere of Mars is quite dusty, giving the Martian sky a light brown or orange-red color when seen from the surface. Data from NASA pointed out that the dust particles are 1.5 micrometres diameter.

On 18 March 2015, NASA found an aurora that is not fully understood and an unexplained dust cloud in the atmosphere of Mars.

Liquid water on Mars was once commonplace, which means the atmosphere was thicker. Many studies have found that the atmosphere of Mars has been weakened over time due to solar winds. On Earth, the magnetic field protects us from most of the wind. Mars used to have a magnetic field, but cooling of the core has resulted in the magnetic field being lost.
Solar Wind Composition Experiment

The **Solar Wind Composition Experiment** (SWC) was an experiment that took place on the Moon during the Apollo program (Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15 and 16). It was done to measure the solar wind outside of Earth's magnetosphere. It was the first notable measurement of isotopic solar material.

The experiment was suggested by a Swiss team headed by Johannes Geiss of the University of Bern and Peter Eberhardt of the Swiss Institute of Technology. It was partially funded by the Swiss Government.

The SWC experiment was done by getting a aluminum sheet and facing it towards the sun. The foil was to collect the ion types and energies of the solar wind on the lunar surface. After the experiment, the sheet was placed into a Teflon bag, and sent back to Earth to be studied. The experiment was successful and found Helium, Neon and Argon isotopic compositions coming from the sun.

## Other websites

- Experiment Operations During Apollo EVAs: Solar Wind Composition
Caesar's Comet

**Caesar's Comet** (**C/-43 K1**) is also known as 'Comet Caesar' and the 'Great Comet of 44 BC'. It was one of the most famous comets of ancient times. Many Romans thought the comet's seven-day appearance was a sign of the deification of recently assassinated dictator, Julius Caesar (100–44 BC).

Caesar's Comet was one of only five comets known to have had a negative absolute magnitude and may have been the brightest daylight comet in history. It was not periodic, and it had a parabolic orbit. The comet might now be more than 800 AU from the Sun.
Do You Know the Way to San Jose

**"Do You Know the Way to San Jose"** is a 1968 popular song. It is about a person from San Jose, California who wants to go back to her hometown. Dionne Warwick performed it.

The song sold over a million copies. Warwick won her first Grammy Award for it.

The song was Warwick's first song after "(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls"/"I Say a Little Prayer". It was released in April 1968.

The song was later sung by Connie Francis, Rita Reys, Neil Diamond, Nancy Sinatra and others.
Don't Make Me Over

**"Don't Make Me Over"** is a 1962 popular ballad. It was written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David. Dionne Warwick sang this song.

The song reached #5 on the _Billboard_ R&B charts.

The song was later recorded by other artists, such as Jennifer Warnes and Julia Holter.
Julia Holter

**Julia Holter** (born December 18, 1984) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, composer and artist. Her first studio album, _Tragedy_, was released in 2011. She released a second album, _Ekstasis_, in March 2012. This album was compared to works by such artists as Laurie Anderson, Kate Bush, Joanna Newsom and several others. _Ekstasis_ received many positive reviews.

Holter joined Domino Recording Company. She then released her 3rd album _Loud City Song_. The album was a critical success.

She released _Have You in My Wilderness_ in 2015. The album was very successful.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Julia Holter
- **image**: Julia Holter (Haldern Pop 2013) IMGP2430 smial wp.jpg
- **caption**: Julia Holter in 2013
- **background**: solo_singer
- **origin**: Los Angeles, California
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals, Electronic keyboard, keyboard, Organ (music), organ, harpsichord, Drum kit, drums
- **genre**: Art pop, baroque pop, Electronic music, electronic, Ambient music, ambient, experimental music, experimental
- **occupation**: composer, musician
- **years active**: 2006 – present
- **label**: Leaving, RVNG, Domino Recording Company, Domino (current)
- **associated acts**: Nite Jewel, Linda Perhacs
- **website**: http://juliashammasholter.com/
Article One of the United States Constitution

**Article One** of the United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government, the United States Congress.  The Congress is a bicameral legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate

Section 1: Legislative power vested in Congress
Collard greens

**Collard greens** (or **collards**) are loose leafed cultivars of _Brassica oleracea_. Collard greens are part of the acephala group of the species, which includes kale and spring greens.

Collard greens are known for their large, dark colored and edible leaves. They are also known as a garden ornamental.

Collard greens are available year round. They are tastier and more nutritious in cold months, after the first frost.
Elizabeth Garrett

**Helen Elizabeth Garrett**, commonly known as **Elizabeth Garrett**, (1963 – March 6, 2016), was an American professor of law and an academic administrator. In 2010, she became Provost and Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs at the University of Southern California. On July 1, 2015, she became the 13th president of Cornell University.

Garrett died on March 6, 2016 from colon cancer at her New York City home. She was aged 52.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Elizabeth Garrett
- **image**: Elizabeth Garrett (2012).jpg
- **caption**: Garrett participating in the groundbreaking of Wallis Annenberg Hall at USC on November 8, 2012.
- **office**: List of presidents of Cornell University, 13th President of Cornell University
- **term start**: July 1, 2015
- **term end**: March 6, 2016
- **predecessor**: David J. Skorton
- **office1**: Provost of the University of Southern California
- **term start1**: 2010
- **term end1**: 2015
- **birth name**: Helen Elizabeth Garrett
- **birth date**: 1963
- **birth place**: Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, U.S.
- **death date**: March 6, 2016 (aged 52)
- **death place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **spouse**: Andrei Marmor
- **alma mater**: University of Oklahoma <small>(Bachelor of Arts, B.A.)</small>
University of Virginia School of Law, University of Virginia <small>(Juris Doctor, J.D.)</small>
Paul Ryan (cartoonist)

**Paul Ryan** (September 23, 1949 – March 6, 2016) was an American comic book and comic strip cartoonist. Ryan worked  for Marvel Comics and DC Comics on a number of super-hero comics. Until his death in 2016, he worked on _The Phantom_ for King Features Syndicate. He was born in Somerville, Massachusetts.

Ryan died in Worcester, Massachusetts of cancer on March 6, 2016. He was aged 66.
Adrian Hardiman

**Adrian Hardiman** (21 May 1951 – 7 March 2016) was an Irish judge. He was the justice of the Supreme Court of Ireland. He served from 7 February 2000 until his death on 7 March 2016.

Hardiman was born in Dublin, Ireland. He studied at Belvedere College, at University College Dublin, and at the King's Inn. Hardiman died in Dublin, Ireland from a heart attack. He was aged 65.

## Other websites

- Irish Courts Service
- University College Dublin
- The Honorable Society of the Kings Inns
- The Literary and Historical Society (L&H)
- List of Irish Times winners
- UCC Philosoph wiki database of debaters
Vernon L. Smith

**Vernon Lomax Smith** (born January 1, 1927) is an American professor of economics. He worked at Chapman University's Argyros School of Business and Economics and School of Law in Orange, California. Smith shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Economics with Daniel Kahneman.

He is the founder and president of the International Foundation for Research in Experimental Economics, a Member of the Board of Advisors for The Independent Institute, and a Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute in Washington D.C..

In 2004 Smith was honored with an honorary doctoral degree at Universidad Francisco Marroquín, the institution that named the Vernon Smith Center for Experimental Economics Research after him.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **image**: Vernon L. Smith 2011.jpg
- **name**: Vernon L. Smith
- **birth place**: Wichita, Kansas
- **nationality**: United States
- **field**: Experimental economics
- **influences**: Friedrich von Hayek, Hayek, Richard S. Howey
- **alma mater**: University of Kansas
Radiometer

A **radiometer** or **roentgenometer** is a device for measuring the radiant flux (power) of electromagnetic radiation. Generally, a radiometer is an infrared radiation detector or ultraviolet detector.

## Types

- The name Radiometer is frequently used to refer to a Crookes radiometer ("light-mill"). This is an early device wherein a rotor  in a partial vacuum spins when exposed to light.
- The Nichols radiometer is a newer and more sensitive radiometer than the Crookes type. It measures radiation pressure. It has two small mirrors suspended on a quartz fiber.
- A microwave radiometer operates in the microwave wavelengths. The radiometer contains argon gas to enable it to rotate.
- The MEMS radiometer can operate on the same principles of Nichols or Crooke radiometers.  It can operate over a wide spectrum of wavelength and particle energy levels.
Reading Rainbow

***Reading Rainbow*** is an American educational children's television series that aired on PBS Kids from July 11, 1983 to November 10, 2006. It was hosted by LeVar Burton. The show t encouraged children to read and think. In 2012, an iPad and Kindle Fire educational interactive book was launched with the _Reading Rainbow_ name.

The public television series won over 200 broadcast awards, including a Peabody Award and 26 Emmy Awards. Eleven of those awards were in the "Outstanding Children's Series" category.

The series canceled on November 10, 2006 and reruns ran until August 28, 2009.

The original team included Lynne Brenner Ganek, Ellen Schecter, and LeVar Burton.
Paul Webley

Professor **Paul Webley** CBE (19 November 1953 – 2 March 2016) was a British educator. He was the Director and Principal of the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London from 2006 to 2015.  From 2010 until his death in 2016, he served as Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the University of London.

He was a member of the Editorial Board of the _Journal of Economic Psychology_. He was the former President of the International Association for Research in Economic Psychology. Webley was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to higher education.

Webley died in London, England on 2 March 2016 from cancer. He was aged 62.
Sheila Varian

**Sheila Varian** (August 8, 1936 – March 6, 2016) was an American breeder and trainer of Arabian horses. She was born in Santa Maria, California. Her career began in 1963. She used _vaquero_-influenced methods of training horses.

Varian produced many famous Arabian horses who won many show horses in the United States. Varian received many awards from the United States Equestrian Federation. She was added into the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame in 2003.

Varian died in Arroyo Grande, California from ovarian cancer on March 6, 2016. She was aged 79.

## Other websites

- Thwaites, Jeanne. "Sid Spencer". Full excerpt of section on Spencer from _Horses in the West_, footnoted _above_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sheila Varian
- **image**: SheilaVarian.jpg
- **alt**: Sheila Varian; blonde caucasian woman wearing sunglasses and a pink shirt holding her hands on her hips and looking to her right
- **caption**: Sheila Varian, April 2010 at Varian Arabians
- **birth place**: Santa Maria, California
- **death place**: Arroyo Grande, California
- **occupation**: Arabian horse breeder, trainer, owner
- **known for**: Horsewoman, Cowgirl Hall of Fame inductee
Chivalric romance

**Chivalric romances** are stories, poems or songs. They were written about marvel-filled adventures. Knights  having heroic qualities went on quests. It is the emphasis on love and courtly manners which distinguishes it from other kinds of epic. Other types of epic are about masculine military heroism.

Romances were written in European languages of the Middle Ages.

The best known romance was King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. _Sir Gawain and the Green Knight_ is another example.
Comet Swift–Tuttle

**Comet Swift–Tuttle** (**109P/Swift–Tuttle**) is a periodic comet with an orbital period of 133 years. It fits the classical definition of a Halley-type comet with a period between 20 and 200 years. It was independently discovered by Lewis Swift  and Horace Parnell Tuttle in July 1862. It has a well-known orbit and has a comet nucleus 26 km in diameter.

Chinese records show that in 188 AD the comet reached apparent magnitude 0.1. In 1862, the comet was as bright as Polaris. The comet made a return appearance in 1992, and became visible with binoculars. In 2126 it will be a bright naked-eye comet reaching about apparent magnitude 0.7.

It is the parent body of the Perseid meteor shower, perhaps the best known shower and among the most reliable in performance.

## Near-Earth orbit

A close encounter with Earth is predicted for the comet's return to the inner Solar System in the year 4479, around Sept. 15; the closest approach is estimated to be 0.03–0.05 AU, with a probability of impact of 1, or 0.0001%.

Comet Swift–Tuttle has been described as "the single most dangerous object known to humanity". However, the probability of Earth impact per orbit is about a million to one against. It is estimated as 2 (0.000002%). It is the largest Solar System object that makes repeated close approaches to Earth with a relative velocity of 60 km/s.

An unusual aspect of its orbit is that it is captured into a 1:11 orbital resonance with Jupiter; it completes one orbit for every 11 of Jupiter.
Spenserian stanza

The **Spenserian stanza** is a fixed verse form invented by Edmund Spenser for his epic poem _The Faerie Queene_. Each stanza contains nine lines in total. The first eight lines are in iambic pentameter, that is consist of ten syllables, followed by a single alexandrine line in iambic hexameter, that is are made up of twelve syllables. The rhyme scheme of these lines is "a-b-a-b-b-c-b-c-c."

Many poets used the stanza after Spenser, for example Lord Byron (Chlide Harold's Pilgrimage), Percy Bysshe Shelley (Adonais), John Keats (The Eve of St. Agnes) and Alfred Tennyson (The Lotos-Eaters). Spenserian stanza remained a typical English form and it was never much popular outside England. Only few poets employed it in Central Europe, for example Juliusz Słowacki, Jan Kasprowicz and Jaroslav Vrchlický.
Biotti

**Biotti** is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

- Carlo Biotti, Italian jurist
- Chris Biotti, ice hockey player
African fish eagle

The **African fish eagle** (_Haliaeetus vocifer_) or the **African sea eagle** is a large species of eagle.

It is found throughout sub-Saharan Africa where there are large bodies of open water with plenty of fish. It is the national bird of Zimbabwe, Zambia and South Sudan.

This species looks a bit like the bald eagle. They are related, but live on different continents. The bald eagle lives in North America.
Caracol Televisión

**Caracol Televisión** is the most viewed national television network in Colombia, founded in 1969 and Caracol Internacional.

The Grupo Santodomingo is the Caracol Televisión's (or **Canal Caracol**) main actionist.

## Other websites

- Caracol Televisión
- Caracol TV Official Site
- Caracol TV International
- GOL Caracol
- http://www.wgentv.com/
- https://www.jumptv.com/es/channel/caracoltv/