juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mediacorp Channel 8

**Mediacorp Channel 8** is a television channel in Singapore. It is owned by Mediacorp.

The Chinese language channel was launched in 1963. It broadcasts news, dramas and variety shows. It operates 24 hours a day, every day. It used to be SBC 8. The channel shows programs from Singapore, Taiwan and China.

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Channel 8
- **logo**: Mediacorp Channel 8 2023.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **launch date**: (Test transmissions)
 (Official)
- **picture format**: 1080i HDTV

- **language**: Chinese language, Mandarin
- **network**: Mediacorp#Television, Mediacorp TV
- **owner**: Mediacorp, Mediacorp Pte Ltd
- **sister channels**: Channel U (Singapore), Channel U
Channel 5 (Singapore), Channel 5
Suria (TV channel), Suria
Vasantham (TV channel), Vasantham
CNA (TV network), CNA
- **country**: Singapore
- **area**: Singapore
- **headquarters**: Mediacorp Campus, 1 Stars Avenue, Singapore 138507
- **website**: http://tv.mewatch.sg/zh/channel8
- **terr serv 1**: VHF
- **terr chan 1**: Channel 8
- **terr serv 2**: Digital terrestrial television
- **terr chan 2**: Channel 3
- **iptv serv 1**: StarHub TV
- **iptv chan 1**: Channel 103 (HD)
- **iptv serv 2**: Singtel TV
- **iptv chan 2**: Channel 3 (HD)
- **online serv 1**: meWATCH
- **online chan 1**: Available on meWATCH website or mobile app
(Singapore only)
Promiscuity

**Promiscuity** is the practice of having casual sex frequently with different partners. In cultures where sexual activity happens only in exclusive committed relationships, promiscuity is criticized as a bad activity. A common example of behavior viewed as promiscuous is a one-night stand.

What sexual behavior is considered promiscuous varies between cultures, as does the frequency of promiscuity. A study published in 2005 found that promiscuous men and women are judged equally harshly. A recent poll showed that both genders tend to express strong preference for sexually conservative partners. However, later studies show evidence for a double standard.

Promiscuity is common in many animal species. Some species have promiscuous mating systems, ranging from polyandry and polygyny to mating systems with no stable relationships. Many species form stable pair bonds, but still mate with other individuals outside the pair.
Irena Sendler

**Irena Stanisława Sendler** (15 February 1910 – 12 May 2008) was a nurse and social worker in Warsaw, Poland. During World War II, when Poland was occupied by Nazis, she took about 2,500 Jewish children out of Poland with help from other members of the Żegota (pl) (The Polish Council to Aid Jews). She was caught, and the Nazis tortured her.

The Nazis were planning on killing her, but she avoided death.

## Related pages

- Hugo Armann

## Other websites

- _Irena Sendler:  In the Name of Their Mothers_  (PBS documentary, first aired May 2011)
- Irena Sendler  – Righteous Among the Nations – Yad Vashem
- Irena Sendlerowa on History's Heroes  – Illustrated story and timeline.
- Life in a Jar: The Irena Sendler Project
- Snopes discussion of an email regarding the Nobel Prize

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Irena Stanisława Sendler
- **image**: Irena Sendlerowa 1942.jpg
- **caption**: Irena Sendler in 1942
- **birth date**: 15 February 1910
- **occupation**: Nurse, Social worker
Carles Puigdemont

**Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó** (born 29 December 1962) was the 130th President of Catalonia. In 2017, he fled the country. His party, Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (_Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya_, CDC) won the elections in 2016.

## Removal

His status as President is a matter of dispute following Catalonia's declaration of independence from Spain on 27 October 2017. From the perspective of the Government of Catalonia, he remains Catalan President. From the perspective of the Government of Spain, he was removed from office by Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy on 28 October 2017. Puigdemont did not recognize his removal from office, stating that he will "work to build a free country".

On 30 October 2017, Puigdemont fled to Belgium in a move to avoid action from the Spanish judiciary. A month later, he was re-elected to the Parliament.

## Arrest

On 2 November, Spanish courts issued an European Arrest Warrant against Puigdemont and four other cabinet members to Belgian authorities. Two days later, they turned themselves in to the Belgian police. Hours later, he was released.

On 25 March 2018, while returning to Brussels from a trip to Finland, Puigdemont was stopped near the Danish border with Germany and arrested pursuant to the European warrant that had been reissued against him two days previously. On 5 April 2018, the Oberlandesgericht in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein ruled that Puigdemont would not be extradited on the charges of rebellion, and released him on bail.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honorable#Catalonia, The Very Honourable
- **name**: Carles Puigdemont
- **image**: File:Retrat oficial del President Carles Puigdemont cropped.jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Puigdemont in 2016
- **order1**: List of Presidents of the Generalitat de Catalunya, 130th
- **office1**: President of Catalonia
- **term start1**: 12 January 2016
- **term end1**: 28 October 2017
- **monarch1**: Felipe VI of Spain, Felipe VI
- **vicepresident1**: Oriol Junqueras
- **predecessor1**: Artur Mas
- **successor1**: Quim Torra
- **office2**: Member of the Parliament of Catalonia
for the Barcelona (Parliament of Catalonia constituency), Province of Barcelona
- **term start2**: December 2017
- **office3**: Member of the Parliament of Catalonia
for the Girona (Parliament of Catalonia constituency), Province of Girona
- **term start3**: 10 November 2006
- **term end3**: 27 October 2017
- **office4**: Mayor of Girona
- **term start4**: 1 July 2011
- **term end4**: 11 January 2016
- **office5**: Member of the Municipality Council of Girona
- **term start5**: 11 June 2007
- **term end5**: 11 January 2016
- **birth name**: Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó
- **birth place**: Amer, Girona, Amer, Catalonia, Francoist Spain, Spain
- **party**: Catalan European Democratic Party
- **otherparty**: Junts per Catalunya
- **children**: 2
- **residence**: Girona / Waterloo, Belgium, Waterloo
- **occupation**: Journalist
- **signature**: Signatura Carles Puigdemont.png
Hurricane Odile

**Hurricane Odile** was a hurricane (tropical cyclone) that happened in mid-September 2014. It made landfall in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. On September 15, 2014, Odile damaged several luxury resorts in Cabo San Lucas. Parts of several hotels collapsed and about 135 people were injured. Fifteen people were killed in the storm. At the time of the damage it had wind speeds of 140 miles per hour. Damage from Odile was 16.6 billion Mexican pesos ($1.22 billion in 2014 US dollars).

The name _Odile_ was later retired (taken out of the names used for future hurricanes because of high damage). It was replaced with _Odalys_ for the 2020 Pacific hurricane season.

## Infobox (hurricane)

- **name**: Hurricane Odile
- **type**: hurricane
- **year**: 2014ƒ
- **basin**: EPac
- **formed**: September 10, 2014
- **dissipated**: September 19, 2014
- **remnant low**: September 18
- **image location**: Odile Sept 14 2014 1755Z.jpg
- **image name**: Hurricane Odile as a Category 4 hurricane on September 14, 2014
- **1-min winds**: 120
- **pressure**: 918
- **damages**: 1220
- **fatalities**: 11 direct, 4 indirect
- **areas**: Mexico, Southwestern United States, Texas
- **hurricane season**: 2014 Pacific hurricane season
House of Fortune

***House of Fortune*** () is a Singaporean drama television series. It is produced and shown on Mediacorp Channel 8. It began its run from 19 January 2016. There are 20 episodes. It stars Zhu Houren, Thomas Ong, Kym Ng, Tong Bing Yu, Yao Wenlong, Xiang Yun, Shane Pow, Ya Hui, Bonnie Loo and Sora Ma as the main characters. The series revolves around a creative director and his wife, who are beset by financial trouble and move in with an elderly relative, with their eye on his bungalow. With the same goal in mind, his sister and her failed songwriter husband move in too and vie for control of the house.

## Cast

- Zhu Houren as Qian Laoshi
- Thomas Ong as Qian Renjie
- Kym Ng as Qian Meiling
- Tong Bing Yu as Luo Shuping
- Yao Wenlong as Wu Guolun
- Xiang Yun as Chen Xiulian
- Shane Pow as Bai Zhengyu
- Ya Hui as Wu Xixi
- Bonnie Loo as Qian Ningning
- Aden Tan as Wu Jiaming
- Sora Ma as Hu Simin
- Daren Tan as Bobby
- Bukoh Mary as May
- Wendy Tseng as Mary
- Nico Chua as Helen
- Ong Ai Leng as Gao Lishen
- Zen Chong as Henry
- Anthony Png as Lawrence

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Drama
 Comedy
- **runtime**: approx. 45 minutes (excluding advertisements)
- **executive producer**: Winnie Wong
- **starring**: Zhu Houren
 Thomas Ong
 Kym Ng
 Tong Bing Yu
 Yao Wenlong
 Xiang Yun
 Shane Pow
 Ya Hui
 Bonnie Loo
 Sora Ma
- **country**: Singapore
- **location**: Singapore
- **language**: Chinese
- **network**: MediaCorp, Mediacorp Channel 8
- **num episodes**: 20
Peace & Prosperity

***Peace & Prosperity*** (Chinese: 富贵平安) is a Singaporean drama television series. It is produced and shown on Mediacorp Channel 8. It began its run from 4 April 2016. There are 170 episodes. It stars Xiang Yun, Desmond Tan, Julie Tan, Zhang Wei, Belinda Lee, Tong Bing Yu, Dawn Yeoh, Tracy Lee, Michelle Wong, Terence Cao, Ben Yeo, Jeffrey Xu, Romeo Tan, Shane Pow, Marcus Chin, Lin Meijiao, Yao Wenlong, Ling Xiao, Jayley Woo, Zhu Houren, Priscelia Chan and Seraph Sun as the main characters. The story revolves around the lives of the Huang family who have been running a TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) clinic for three generations. The family-run business is searching for its next successor, as the young generation of Huangs are not interested in TCM and have yet to prove themselves capable of running the business.

## Cast

- Xiang Yun as Shen Ping An
- Desmond Tan as Hong Yingxiong
- Julie Tan as Huang Zihong
- Zhang Wei as Huang Datong
- Belinda Lee as Huang Ziting
- Tong Bing Yu as Huang Zishan
- Dawn Yeoh as Huang Zijun
- Tracy Lee as Huang Ziyu
- Michelle Wong as Huang Zixin
- Terence Cao as He Sheng
- Romeo Tan as Lan Baojie
- Ben Yeo as Bryan Li
- Jeffrey Xu as Lu Xiaoqiang
- Shane Pow as Huang Zihao
- Marcus Chin as Huang Yuanhao
- Lin Meijiao as Lin Shuzhi
- Yao Wenlong as Xiao Tiantian
- Ling Xiao as Xiao Fangfang
- Jayley Woo as Megan Yeo
- Zhu Houren as Ouyang Yixiu
- Priscelia Chan as Ouyang Fengying
- Seraph Sun as Xu Cuihua

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Family
- **runtime**: approx. 22-23 minutes (excluding advertisements)
- **writer**: Ng Kah Huay
 Ang Chee Chuan
 Goh Chwee Chwee
- **executive producer**: Wong Kuang Yong
- **starring**: Xiang Yun
 Desmond Tan
 Julie Tan
 Zhang Wei
 Belinda Lee
 Tong Bing Yu
 Dawn Yeoh
 Tracy Lee
 Michelle Wong
 Terence Cao
 Ben Yeo
 Jeffrey Xu
 Romeo Tan
 Shane Pow
 Marcus Chin
 Lin Meijiao
 Yao Wenlong
 Ling Xiao
 Jayley Woo
 Zhu Houren
 Priscelia Chan
 Seraph Sun
- **country**: Singapore
- **location**: Singapore
- **language**: Chinese
- **network**: MediaCorp, Mediacorp Channel 8
- **num episodes**: 20
Katoor dynasty

The **Katur/Katoor dynasty** ruled the ancient kingdom of Chitral and parts of the Hindukush region Afghanistan. The name mehtar or mitar is used for the ruler in ancient Erina language.
Golden Temple

The **Golden Temple**, or **Golden Gurdwara** is the holiest shrine of Sikhs. It was built during Mughal rule in late 16th century by Shri Guru Arjan Dev and a copy of the holy Sikh scripture _Adi Guru Granth Sahib_ was placed inside the **Gurdwara** in 1604. The first brick of the temple was put in place by a local Sufi saint in the region who was close to Sri Guru Arjan Dev. Its sanctum walls were covered in marble and the dome was beautified with gold foil by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in the 19th century during the time of Sikh Empire. More than 100,000 people visit this monument every month

**Sri Harmandir Sahib** (formerly known as **Sri Hari Mandir Sahib**) is the official and original name of the Golden Temple.<sup>[1]</sup> It is in the city of Amritsar, Punjab, India. The **Gurudwara** is surrounded by a sacred pool called "sarover"and group of buildings important to the Sikh religion. The complex is the most important pilgrimage site in Sikhism and it is also called Sri Darbar Sahib. One of these buildings in the complex is the Sri Akal Takht, the highest religious authority for Khalsa Sikhs. Another building is the langar, where a free simple vegetarian meal is served to all without any discrimination. The **Gurudwara** is a place of worship for men and women from all walks of life and all religions to come and worship God. The four entrances (representing the four directions) to get into the Harmandir Sahib also symbolise the openness of the Sikhs towards all people and religions.

The present-day gurdwara was rebuilt in 1764 by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia with the help of other Sikh Misls following its desecration and destruction by invading Afghan forces. In the early nineteenth century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh founded the Sikh Empire and covered the upper floors of the gurdwara with gold, which gives it its distinctive appearance and its English name.<sup>[10]</sup> It contains the Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji, the holy Sikh scripture. On 4th July 1955, Indian Army entered the complex wearing shoes and caused destruction in the complex. Also, in June 1984 the Golden Temple complex was blown apart by tanks, snipers, grenades and rocket launchers by the Indian Army troops who were trying to quell a rebellion by the pro-independence Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Sri Harmandir Sahib
 Golden Temple
ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਮੰਦਰ ਸਾਹਿਬ
- **alternate names**: _Darbar Sahib_
_Golden Temple of Amritsar_(Harmandir Sahib)
- **image size**: 300px
- **caption**: The Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple)
- **location town**: Amritsar
- **map type**: India Punjab#India
- **map size**: 200
- **completion date**: 1589 (Temple), 1604 (with Adi Granth)
- **construction start date**: December 1581
- **website**: [http://new.sgpc.net/sriharmandirsahib/ Sri Harmandir Sahib (Gurmukhi)]
Dover MRT station

**Dover MRT Station (EW22)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is part of the East West MRT Line. The station was opened on 18 October 2001. It is the first MRT station to be built over an existing MRT line and hence it had 2 Side platforms instead of the normal Island platform.

The station is near Singapore Polytechnic.

The station code was W7A. In July 2001 it was changed to EW22.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **image**: EW22 Dover MRT Station platform 202412.jpg
- **image caption**: The platform of Dover MRT station
- **address**: 200 Commonwealth Avenue West
Singapore 138677
- **other**: Bus stops, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: Side
- **levels**: 2
- **tracks**: 2
- **parking**: Yes (Singapore Polytechnic)
- **bicycle**: Yes
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation)
- **former**: Polytechnic
Joo Koon MRT station

**Joo Koon MRT Station (EW29)** is a MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the East West MRT Line. It was the terminus station until the Tuas West extension is completed. The station code was originally W14 before the opening.

However every alternate trains will still terminate here despite the opening of the TWE. The other half of the westbound train will then proceed to Tuas after Joo Koon.

## History

This station was announced in 2004. Construction began on May 2006 and was completed in 28 February 2009.

### Joo Koon rail accident

The Joo Koon rail accident occurred on 15 November 2017, when two trains met into accident causing 36 injuries. The stationary train was in the process of being detrained due to a train fault. This incident is the second train collision in Singapore MRT's history, after the Clementi rail accident in 1993. Both trains were operating under the recently installed Thales SelTrac CBTC signalling system at time of incident, and the Minister of Transport Khaw Boon Wan expressed that he was "disturbed" by an initial finding that a "critical safety software" was inadvertently removed from the stationary train, possibly due to a malfunctioning signalling circuit, had led to the accident.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station
- **image**: EW29 Joo Koon MRT platforms 20220403 135711.jpg
- **image caption**: The island platform of Joo Koon MRT station.
- **address**: 91 Joo Koon Circle
Singapore 629116
- **other**: Joo Koon Bus Interchange, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platforms**: 2 (1 island platform)
- **levels**: 1
- **tracks**: 2
- **parking**: Yes (NTUC FairPrice, FairPrice Hub)
- **bicycle**: Yes
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains, SMRT Trains Ltd (SMRT Corporation)
- **map type**: Singapore Rail
- **map caption**: Joo Koon station in Singapore
- **map dot label**: Joo Koon
- **map alt**: Singapore MRT/LRT system map
- **map size**: 300px
- **map label position**: bottom
Super Elastic Bubble Plastic

**Super Elastic Bubble Plastic** was the brand name for a children's toy. It was made from the 1970s through the 80s by Wham-O. The bubbles contained polyvinyl acetate dissolved in acetone. They also had ethyl acetate added. The acetone evaporated when the bubbles were inflated through a drinking straw. This left behind a solid plastic film. They were also highly flammable. The product was dangerous to children if spilled. It also gave off noxious fumes. The fumes could become concentrated inside the straw, making it dangerous to inhale through the straw while inflating a bubble. The toy was not recommended for children under 5. Because of these problems, Super Elastic Bubble Plastic was eventually discontinued.
Expo MRT station

**Expo MRT Station (CG1/DT35)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is an interchange station along the East West MRT Line and Downtown MRT Line. It is located near the Singapore Expo.

## History

The station was opened 10 January 2001 for the East West Line and on 21 October 2017 for the Downtown line. It was originally named Somapah. This station was the last station to use the old MRT station coding, E13 before it eventually phased out on 31 July 2001.

The station has been connected from the East West Line to the Downtown Line through the former public underpass from 2001 to 2011. Exit A is an unpaid linkway from the East West Line to the Downtown Line.

## Design

The station is designed with a titanium structure and a cantilevered roof with a modern, space-age look.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) interchange and terminus
- **image**: CG1 DT35 Expo Exit D.jpg
- **image caption**: Exit D of Expo station
- **address**: 21 Changi South Avenue 1
Singapore 486065 (EWL)
2 Expo Drive
Singapore 485985 (DTL)
- **other**: Bus, taxi
- **platform**: 4 (island platform, 2 island platforms)
- **levels**: 2
- **tracks**: 4
- **parking**: Yes (Changi City Point, Singapore Expo)
- **bicycle**: Yes (External)
- **passengers**: 6,988 per day
- **pass year**: April 2021
- **opened**: (East West line)
 (Downtown line)
- **opening**: (Thomson-East Coast line)
- **electrified**: Yes
- **accessible**: Yes
- **owned**: Land Transport Authority
- **operator**: SMRT Trains, SMRT Trains Ltd (SMRT Corporation) (East West and Thomson–East Coast lines)
SBS Transit, SBS Transit DTL Pte Ltd (ComfortDelGro Corporation) (Downtown line)
- **map type**: Singapore Rail
- **map caption**: Expo station in Singapore
- **map dot label**: Expo
- **map alt**: Singapore MRT/LRT system map
- **map size**: 300px
- **map label position**: right
Papanasam, Tirunelveli

**Papanasam** is a town in Tirunelveli district. This town is where the Thamirabarani River rises. In one of Papanasam's temples, a ritual is held to wash away sins. People throw the clothes they wear into the Thamirabarani River. The movie acted by Kamalahaasan was shot in and named Papanasam.
Chandragupta Maurya

**Chandragupta Maurya** was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India. He was born in a humble family. He was picked up, taught and counselled by Chanakya (also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupta), a Hindu Brahmin by origin who wrote the Arthashastra. Together, Chandragupta and Chanakya laid the foundation for one of the largest empires in Indian history.

Chandragupta Maurya defeated Seleucus I Nicator, one of the Hellenistic Successor satrapies of Alexander the Great and married a daughter of Seleucus, according to both the _Mahavamsa_ and the _Bhavishya Purana_. He was the ruler until 297 BC. He became a Jain monk and died of starvation at Shravanabelagola of Karnataka around 295 BC.

Shashigupta, a ruler of the Punjab region during the during the 4th century BCE has been identified by some as Chandragupta Maurya. Though other scholars take this theory lightly. According to the Buddhist sources the Muraos tribesmen of eastern India were the ancestors of the Mauryas who under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya in the 4th century BCE seized power in Magadha.

## Infobox (person)

- **embed**: yes
- **alma mater**: University of ancient Taxila, Taxila University


## Infobox (royalty)

- **title**: चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य
- **image**: Chandragupt maurya Birla mandir 6 dec 2009 (31) (cropped).JPG
- **image size**: 285
- **alt**: Modern statue of Chandragupta Maurya at Birla Temple, Delhi
- **caption**: Modern statue of Chandragupta Maurya at Birla Temple, Delhi
- **birth date**: c. 350 BCE
- **birth place**: Pataliputra, Magadha
<small>(Present day Bihar, India)</small>
- **death date**: c. 295 BCE
- **death place**: Chandragiri hill, Chandragiri, Maurya Empire
<small>(Present day Karnataka, India)</small>
- **succession**: Emperor of Magadha
- **predecessor**: Dhana Nanda
- **reg-type**: Amatya
- **successor**: Bindusara
- **consort**: Durdhara
- **spouse**: Durdhara
<small>A Seleucid Princess</small>
- **issue**: Bindusara
- **dynasty**: Maurya Empire, Maurya
- **religion**: Hinduism
Ramanathapuram district

**Ramanathapuram district** is one of the 37 districts in Tamil Nadu. Indian President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was born there. It is located in south east direction of tamilnadu.It is coastal area with more palmyra trees. It is famous for its fishing and Production of palm sap, palm sugar,palm jaggery etc.It is one of the biggest districts in tamilnadu by area space.Most of the people doing agriculture as their main occupation.

**Main cities**

Paramakudi, Kamuthi, Sayalkudi,Ramanathapuram, Uchipuli, Mandapam, Rameswaram area the main cities of Ramanathapuram district.

**Pilgrim centres**

● Sri Ramanathaswamy temple, Rameswaram

● Sri kothandaramar temple, Dhanushkodi road, Rameswaram

● Sri bhadrakali amman temple, Rameswaram

● Sri Nambunayaki amman temple, Rameswaram

●Sri Mangalanathar temple, Thiru uthirakosamangai

●Sri Aadhi jaganathaperumal temple, Thirupullani

● Sri Sethu bandhana Aanjaneyar temple, Sethukarai

● Erwadi dargha, Erwadi

● Sri Veiluganatha Vinayar temple, Uppoor

●Sri Muthalamman Temple, Paramakudi

**Tourist places**

Agni theertham,Rameswaram, Arichalmunai,Dhanushkodi, Pamban bridge, Kundhukal, Villoondi theertham, Kushi beach, Thalaithoppu beach,Ramar patham etc.

**Railway stations in Ramanathapuram district**

1. Sudiyur-சூடியூர்-सूडियूर्
1. Paramakudi-பரமக்குடி-परमक्कुडि
1. Sathirakudi-சத்திரக்குடி-सत्तिरक्कुडि
1. Ramanathapuram-இராமநாதபுரம்-रामनाथपुरम्
1. Valantharavai -வாலாந்தரவை-वालान्तरवै
1. Uchippuli-உச்சிப்புளி-उच्चिप्पुळि
1. Mandapam Camp-மண்டபம் கேம்ப்-मण्डपम् केम्प्
1. Mandapam-மண்டபம்-मण्डपम्
1. Pamban-பாம்பன்-पाम्बन्
1. Rameswaram -இராமேஸ்வரம்-रामेश्वरम्
Teesta River

The **Teesta River** (or **Tista**) is a river in the Indian state of Sikkim. It is  long.

## Course

The Teesta river starts at Pahunri glacier, and flows south through rapids in the Sikkim Himalaya. The river goes by the town of Rangpo. It changes course southwards flowing into West Bengal, before joining the Brahmaputra River.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Teesta River
- **image**: River Teesta, Siliguri, West Bengal, India 09032019.jpg
- **image caption**: Teesta in Siliguri, West Bengal
- **map**: Teesta.png
- **map caption**: Path of the Teesta
- **pushpin map**: India Sikkim#India
- **pushpin map caption**: Source of Teesta river in Sikkim
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: India, Bangladesh
- **subdivision type2**: State
- **subdivision name2**: Sikkim, West Bengal, Rangpur Division
- **subdivision type4**: District
- **subdivision name4**: Kurigram District, Nilphamari District, East Sikkim district, Gangtok District, Pakyong District, North Sikkim, Mangan District, Kalimpong district, Darjeeling district, Cooch Behar district and Jalpaiguri district
- **subdivision type5**: City
- **subdivision name5**: Singtam,  Rangpo, Kalimpong, Jalpaiguri, Mekhliganj
- **source1**: Pauhunri, Zemu Glacier, Gurudongmar Lake, Tso Lhamo Lake
- **source1 location**: Sikkim, India
- **mouth**: Brahmaputra river
- **mouth location**: Phulchhari Upazila, Gaibandha, Bangladesh
- **tributaries left**: Rangpo River, Lachung River, Ranikhola, Relli River, Talung River, Dik Chhu, Lang Lang Chu
- **tributaries right**: Rangeet River, Ringyong Chhu, Ranghap Chhu
LACSA

**LACSA** was/is the flag carrier of Costa Rica. Pan Am founded the airline on October 17, 1945. The first flight was on June 1, 1946. In 1992, TACA Airlines bought 86% of LACSA. Most of LACSA's planes were repainted in the _TACA Airlines_ paint-job. The _original LACSA_ stopped flying in 2014. However, the _new LACSA_ is now a subsidiary of Avianca.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: LACSA
- **iata**: LR
- **icao**: LRC
- **callsign**: LACSA
- **founded**: 1945
- **commenced**: 1946
- **hubs**: Juan Santamaría International Airport
- **frequent flyer**: LACSA PASS
- **alliance**: Star Alliance
- **fleet size**: 26
- **company slogan**: _Nos encanta la gente_ (_We love the people_)
- **parent**: Avianca
- **headquarters**: San José, Costa Rica
Rangpo

**Rangpo** is a town in East Sikkim in the Indian state of Sikkim. The town borders West Bengal. It is on the Teesta river. All vehicles entering Sikkim have to stop here.

## Industrialization

Rangpo is now the center for almost all the pharmaceutical companies. The town is one of the fastest growing towns in the state.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Rangpo
- **settlement type**: town
- **pushpin map**: India Sikkim#India
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: India
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision name1**: Sikkim
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name2**: East Sikkim, East
- **government type**: Nagar Panchayat
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **elevation m**: 333
- **population total**: 10,450
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
- **demographics type1**: Languages
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Nepali language, Nepali, Bhutia language, Bhutia, Lepcha language, Lepcha, Limbu language, Limbu, Newari language, Newari, Kiranti languages, Rai, Gurung language, Gurung, Mangar, Sherpa language, Sherpa, Tamang language, Tamang and Sunwar language, Sunwar
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **registration plate**: SK
- **blank name sec1**: Literacy
- **blank info sec1**: 87.27%
Karaikal district

**Karaikal district** is one of the 4 districts of the Puducherry union territory. It is the 2nd biggest district of the union territory after the Puducherry district. The capital is Karaikal port city. The district is made of communes Kottucherry, Nedungadu, Thirunallar, Neravy and Thirumalairajanpattinam.

The Karaikal district formed an integral part of the Pallava kingdom in the 8th century. Thirunallar Saniswaran Temple and Karaikal Ammaiyar Temple can be found in the district.

The rivers Arasalar, Veerasolan River, Kodamurutti River, Kaveri River's other tributaries reach the sea here. The Karaikal Port is one of the biggest in South India. The Karaikal Airport is being constructed. It will be the first airport built entirely with private capital.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Karaikal District
- **native name**: காரைக்கால் மாவட்டம்
- **settlement type**: District of the U.T. of Puducherry
- **image skyline**: File:WikiprojectIndiacities pondicherry.GIF
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision name1**: Puducherry
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name2**: Karaikal
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population total**: 200,222
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
- **demographics type1**: Languages
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Tamil language, Tamil
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 609 602
- **area code type**: Telephone code
- **area code**: 91 (0)4368
- **registration plate**: PY-02
Palm-leaf manuscript

In Southeast Asia, Palm leaves were used as a material to write on. Their use is known in the 5th century BC, but may have started earlier. To prepare them for writing, palm leaves are cooked, dried, and polished. Due to the nature of palm leaves, the manuscripts use "landscape format". These leaves are between  and  wide, but only  to  high.

Old manuscripts are prone to putrefaction, and they are commonly consumed by silverfish.
Putrefaction

**Putrefaction** is a natural process of decay. Microorganisms break down organic materials. Usually it occurs after the death of a plant or an animal. The process consists of many steps. The total time it takes is dependent on various factors, such as the availability of oxygen.

Putrefaction involves fermentation. Putrefaction is important, because elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur which are bound in the dead matter are converted into a form that is usable by plants.
Teck Whye LRT Station

**Teck Whye LRT Station (BP4)** is an LRT station in Singapore. It is along the Bukit Panjang LRT Line. It was opened on 6 November 1999. The station is near ITE College West.

## Former Codes

Formerly the code was: A4 (1999 - 2001)

## Following Stations

Previous: Keat Hong (BP3)
Next: Phoenix (BP5)
Oasis LRT Station

**Oasis LRT Station (PE6)** is an LRT station in Singapore. It is along the Punggol LRT Line.

## Timeline

- 15 June 2007: Station opened

## Following Stations

Previous: Kadaloor (PE5)
Next: Damai (PE7)
EDHEC Business School

**EDHEC Business School** is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 5 places, in Paris, Lille and Nice, France, in the United Kingdom (London) and in Singapore. It was created in 1906.

EDHEC specializes in the fields of economics, finance and management.

## Other websites

- EDHEC website
Johann Ambrosius Bach

**Johann Ambrosius Bach** (22 February 1645 – ) was a German musician and the father of Johann Sebastian Bach.

Ambrosius was born in Erfurt, Germany. His father, Christoph Bach (1613–1661) was also a musician, as was his twin brother Johann Christoph Bach (1645–1693). Ambrosius was employed as a violinist in Erfurt.

In 1671, Ambrosius moved his family to Eisenach, where he was employed as a court trumpeter and director of the town musicians. He married his first wife Maria Elisabeth Lämmerhirt on 1 April 1668, and they had eight children. Four of these children became musicians, including Johann Sebastian. Marie died and was buried on 3 May 1694. On 27 November 1694 Ambrosius married Barbara Margaretha. This was her third marriage; both her former husbands, including Johann Günther Bach, had died. She had two young daughters. Ambrosius became very sick, and died in Eisenach less than three months later. Barbara was unable to look after all the children, so Johann Jacob Bach and Johann Sebastian Bach, moved in with the eldest son, Johann Christoph Bach.

## Other websites

- Johann Ambrosius Bach on the Sojurn Web site
- Johann Ambrosius Bach on the Bach Cantatas Web site
Chinatown MRT station

**Chinatown MRT Station (NE4/DT19)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is an interchange station along the North East MRT Line and Downtown MRT Line.  It was the first MRT station with both lines operated by SBS Transit.

On the North East Line, it lies between the Outram Park and Clarke Quay MRT stations and between Telok Ayer and Fort Canning MRT stations on the Downtown Line. It is directly below and serves the ethnic district of Chinatown. The construction of the station was considered an engineering achievement, due to the busy traffic on the roads above and a number of nearby historical buildings that had to be preserved during the construction. The section of track between Telok Ayer and this station is the shortest between any two stations on the MRT network; it takes around 35 to 40 seconds for a train to travel between the stations. The distance between Chinatown and the next station, Clarke Quay, is the shortest distance between two MRT stations in Singapore, a mere 360 metres.

## History

This station is said to be the most challenging station to build on the North-East line, due to the large number of buildings above ground, most with reinforced concrete or timber piles and all in marine clay. Another feat was that they had to preserve Garden Bridge, a large overhead bridge on bore piles, while building the station below. The tidal Eu Tong Sen Canal was also diverted into four two-meter diameter steel pipes slung under the temporary traffic decks (two on each side). Part of the New Bridge Road was often closed between 12 January 1998 and 20 October 2001 for the construction of Chinatown MRT Station. This station was named People's Park before it was renamed in 1999. It was originally H3 / C3 before opening.
Woodleigh MRT station

**Woodleigh MRT Station (NE11)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the North East MRT Line. The station is built on part of the former Bidadari Cemetery.

The station was built in 2003. It remained closed for 8 years, with the train passing through without stopping, until it opened in 2011 to facilitate for recent developments around the area

## Timeline

- 20 June 2003: Station built
- 20 June 2011: Station opened along with Damai (PE7)

## Former Codes

Formerly the code was: P5 (before opening)
Clarke Quay MRT station

**Clarke Quay MRT Station (NE5)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the North East MRT Line.

## History

The station was opened on 20 June 2003. The station has one of the lowest riderships along the North East Line, probably because it is on the wrong side of the Singapore River, and also partly due to the lack of developments surrounding the station and its proximity with Chinatown. It was formerly H4 / C4, before the opening.

The station is located on the opposite side of the Singapore River where Clarke Quay is actually situated. The distance between Clarke Quay and the previous station, Chinatown, is the shortest distance between two MRT stations in Singapore, a mere 360 metres. The reverse bungee ride, the Ministry of Sound nightclub and Club MoMo are located near to the station.
Simei MRT station

**Simei MRT station (EW3)** is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the East West line in Tampines, Singapore. This station mainly serves Simei, a residential estate which is part of the larger Tampines New Town.

## History

Before the construction of the station, the station was known as Tampines South. The name was changed to Simei in 1985, before the station's opening in 1989.

As like other above-ground stations built during the initial construction of the East West line, the station did not have platform screen doors. Following successful trials at Jurong East, Yishun and Pasir Ris stations, half height platform screen doors were installed and started operation on 3 July 2011. High-volume low-speed fans were also installed at the platform in 2011.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station
- **image**: EW3 Simei Platform.jpg
- **image caption**: The island platform of Simei MRT station.
- **address**: 30 Simei Street 3
Singapore 529888
- **other**: Bus, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: 2 (1 island platform)
- **levels**: 1
- **tracks**: 2
- **parking**: Yes (Eastpoint Mall, Singapore, Eastpoint Mall)
- **bicycle**: Yes
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains, SMRT Trains Ltd (SMRT Corporation)
- **former**: Tampines South
- **map type**: Singapore Rail
- **map caption**: Simei station in Singapore
- **map dot label**: Simei
- **map alt**: Singapore MRT/LRT system map
- **map size**: 300px
Sean Burke

**Sean Burke** (born January 29, 1967) is a Canadian retired NHL goalie. He played 18 seasons in the NHL. He is a 3-time All-Star in the NHL. He announced his retirement on September 18, 2007.

He was born in Windsor, Ontario, and grew up in Toronto, Ontario.
Gerard Gallant

**Gerard Gallant** (born September 2, 1963) is a Canadian NHL coach. He used to be the coach for the ice hockey team Vegas Golden Knights. He was fired in 2020 after just two and a half seasons. He used to be an NHL player. He was born in Prince Edward Island. He received the NHL All Star Game Coach for the 2015-16 season (Florida Panthers - Atlantic Division). He has two children.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Gerard Gallant 2018-02-04 2.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left Wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 190
- **played for**: Detroit Red Wings
 Tampa Bay Lightning
- **ntl team**: CAN
- **birth place**: Summerside, Prince Edward Island, Summerside, Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: 107th overall
- **draft year**: 1981
- **draft team**: Detroit Red Wings
- **career start**: 1984
- **career end**: 1995
Basseri

The **Basseri**  are a Persian nomadic and pastoral tribe of the Fars Province in Iran.Their migratory area is around Shiraz.The Basseri are a tribe of Khamseh confederation.

Basseries are Persian.They are the survivors of Pasargadean tribe, the biggest tribe of Persia in Achaemenid Empire period.They speak Persian with a different accent.They are Shia Muslims.

## Sources

- Ehsan Yousefi,nomads of Persia:The Basseri tribe;2014;Shiraz
Tanganyika laughter epidemic

The **Tanganyika laughter epidemic** is when an outbreak of laughter occurred in Tanganyika (which is modern day Tanzania), in 1962. It spread throughout nearby villages, infecting mostly young girls.
Syrah

**Shiraz** or **Syrah** is a variety of grape that is used to produce red wine. Originally, these grapes grew in the Rhone valley, but they are now cultivated all over the world to produce red wine.
Deaths in May 2016

The following is a list of **notable deaths in May 2016**. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Months".  Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.

- Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, nationality, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and most importantly a source.
__TOC__
Harry Kroto

**Sir Harold Walter Kroto**, FRS (born Harold Walter Krotoschiner, 7 October 1939 – 30 April 2016), known as **Harry Kroto**, was an English chemist.

Kroto shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley for their discovery of fullerenes. He spent a large part of his career at the University of Sussex, where he was an emeritus professor. Kroto was an early supporter of Asteroid Day.

Kroto was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1992.

Kroto died on 30 April 2016 in Lewes, East Sussex from complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at the age of 76.

## Other websites

- Harry Kroto personal website
- Florida State University page
- University of Sheffield page

## Infobox (scientist)

- **honorific prefix**: Sir
- **name**: Harry Kroto
- **image**: Harry_Kroto.jpg
- **caption**: Kroto in 2010
- **birth name**: Harold Walter Krotoschiner
- **birth place**: Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
- **death place**: Lewes, East Sussex, United Kingdom
- **nationality**: British
- **children**: David and Stephen
- **field**: Chemistry
- **influences**: Harry Heaney
- **alma mater**: University of Sheffield
- **thesis title**: The spectra of unstable molecules under high resolution
- **thesis year**: 1964
- **thesis url**: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/271097164
- **known for**: Buckminsterfullerene
Outram Park MRT station

**Outram Park MRT Station (EW16/NE3/TE17)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is an interchange station on the  East West MRT Line and North East MRT Line. It also be an interchange for the Thomson-East Coast MRT Line, where it became one of three triple line interchanges in Singapore on 13 November 2022.

## Timeline

- 12 December 1987: Station opened along East West Line
- 20 June 2003: North East Line opened, making Outram an interchange station
- 29 August 2012: Thomson-East Coast Line was announced, making a triple interchange station
- 13 November 2022: Thomson-East Coast Line will begin operation

## Following Stations

- East West Line
Previous: Tanjong Pagar (EW15)
Next: Tiong Bahru (EW17)

- North East Line
Previous: HarbourFront (NE1/CC29)
Next: Chinatown (NE4/DT19)

- Thomson-East Coast Line (U/C)
Previous: Havelock (TE16)
Next: Maxwell (TE18)

## Former Codes

- East West Line: W2 (1987 - 2001)
- North East Line: H2 (before opening)
- Thomson-East Coast Line: N/A
Alfa Romeo GTV (1995)

**Alfa Romeo GTV** (1995–2006) was a 2-door sportscar made in Italy by Alfa Romeo.

It was designed by Enrico Fumia (born 1948) of the Pininfarina design company.

**GTV** was a  coupe with tiny rear seats. "GTV" means _Gran Turismo Veloce_ (in Italian) and had a little space for luggage for longer trips. The cabriolet **Spider**  had no back seat and almost no space for luggage. The engines were 1.8, 2, 3 and 3.2-liter.  In 2003 the front looks were changed.

GTV was replaced in 2004 and 2005 by the  Alfa Romeo GT and the Alfa Romeo Brera, and in 2006 the Brera _Spider_.
Splendid astrapia

The **splendid astrapia** (_Astrapia splendidissima_) is a bird-of-paradise about 39 cm long. The male is black with an iridescent yellow-green mantle (cloak). It has a blue-green throat, dark green below. The tail feathers are short, broad and white with black tips. The female has a brown plumage and dark head.

Little is known about this bird. It lives in the mountain forests of the west central highlands of New Guinea. Its diet is fruit, insects, lizards and frogs.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries & Nippon Sharyo C751B

**Kawasaki Heavy Industries & Nippon Sharyo C751B** was the third generation rolling stock used on the Singapore MRT system. The trains operated on the East West Line and North South Line.

The trains began operation on 28 January 2000. They were built by Kawasaki and Nippon Sharyo. 21 six-carriage trains were built in Kobe, Japan. All C751B trains were removed from service by 30 September 2024, and the train cars were preserved or scrapped by 11 December 2024. each the same builder plates under the train numbers.

## Related pages

- Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151
- Siemens C651
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries & CSR Qingdao Sifang C151A
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries & CSR Qingdao Sifang C151B
Bedok MRT station

**Bedok MRT Station (EW5)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the East West MRT Line.

Underpasses connect the station to both sides of the road. The station also links to Bedok Mall and the Bedok Bus Interchange.

## Timeline

- 4 November 1989: Station opened

## Following stations

Previous: Tanah Merah (EW4)
Next: Kembangan (EW6)

## Former codes

Formerly the code was: E8 (1989 - 2001)
Kembangan MRT station

**Kembangan MRT Station (EW6)** is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the East West MRT Line. The station is above-ground with platform screen doors.

## Timeline

- 4 November 1989: Station opened

## Following stations

Previous: Bedok (EW5)
Next: Eunos (EW7)

## Former codes

Formerly the Code was: E7 (1989 - 2001)
Simi

**Simisola Bolatito Ogunleye** (born ), also known as **Simi**, is a Nigerian singer and songwriter best known for her hit singles "Tiff" and "Jamb Question". She was signed to X3M Music since 2014

## Early life

Simi was born in Surulere on 19 April 1988, Lagos State. She graduated from Covenant University where she majored in Mass Communication.

## Career

In 2006, Simi released her first project titled _Ogaju_, a gospel music studio album that was entirely produced by Samklef.

In 2014, Simi released an EP tited _Restless_, a 5-track cover of popular international songs which earned her a record deal with X3M Music in April 2014.

## Personal Life

Simi got married to a singer named Adekunle Gold on January 9, 2019 after dating for five years. She gave birth to  a girl on May 30, 2020.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Simi
- **image**: Simi singer born 1988 at NdaniTV session 01.png
- **image size**: 220px
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Simisola Bolatito Ogunleye
- **birth place**: Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter, vocalist
- **instrument**: Vocals
- **years active**: 2006–present
- **label**: X3M
Durham Light Infantry

The Durham Light Infantry was a light Infantry regiment in the British Army from 1881-1968. It started in 1881 after the merger of the 68th and 106th.

## Formation

It was formed in 1881 by a joining of the 68th (Durham) Regiment of Foot (Light Infantry) and the 106th Regiment Of Foot (Bombay Light Infantry) along with the Militia and Volunteers of Durham county.

They served notably in the Second Boer War,  World War 1, World War II, the Korean War, and the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation.

In 1968 the regiment was merged with the Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry, King's own Yorkshire Light Infantry and the King's Shropshire Light Infantry to form The Light Infantry. The Light Infantry joined with the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment, Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment and the Royal Green Jackets to form The Rifles.

## Victoria Crosses

The Durham Light Infantry had 8 of its members to be awarded with the Victoria Cross, the highest award available in the British military.

In November 1915 Pte. Thomas Kenny of the 13th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In October 1916 Lieutenant Colonel Roland Bradford of the 9th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In May 1917 Pte Michael Heaviside of the 15th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In July 1917 2nd Lieutenant Frederick Youens of 13th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In December 1917 Captain Arthur Moore Lascelles of the 14th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In March 1918 Pte Thomas Young of the 9th Battalion was awarded with a VC

In May 1940 2nd Lieutenant Richard Annand of the 2nd Battalion was awarded with a VC

in June 1942 Pte Adam Herbert Wakenshaw of the 9th Battalion was awarded with a VC

## Battle Honours

- Salamanca
- Vittoria
- Pyrenees
- Nivelle
- Orthes
- Peninsula
- Alma
- Inkerman
- Sevastapol
- Reshire
- Bushire
- Koosh-Ab
- Persia
- New Zealand
- South Africa 1899-1902
- Ypres
- Hooge
- Loos
- Somme
- Delville Wood
- Arras
- Messines
- Polyogn Wood
- Lys
- Passchendaele
- Kemmel
- Hindenburg Line
- Selle
- Sambre
- Flanders
- Macedonia
- Egypt
- Afghanistan
- Dyle
- Arras
- Dunkirk
- Rauray
- Syria
- Tobruk
- El Alamein
- El Kourzia
- Cosina
- Salerno
- Burma
- Middle East
- Malta
- Athens
- Greece
- Korea