juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Grand Canyon (1991 movie)

***Grand Canyon*** is a 1991 American drama movie directed by Lawrence Kasdan and stars Danny Glover, Kevin Kline, Steve Martin, Alfre Woodward, Mary McDonnell, Mary-Louise Parker, Tina Lifford. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was a minor box office failure, but the reviews from movie critics were generally positive. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1992.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Grand Canyon
- **director**: Lawrence Kasdan
- **producer**: Michael Grillo
Lawrence Kasdan
Charles Okun
- **writer**: Lawrence Kasdan
Meg Kasdan
- **music**: James Newton Howard
- **cinematography**: Owen Roizman
- **editing**: Carol Littleton
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **runtime**: 137 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **gross**: $40,991,329 (worldwide)
Izumi Matsumoto

, known by his pen name , was a Japanese manga artist. He was best known for _Kimagure Orange Road_. His career started in 1982. Some of his works were on _Weekly Shōnen Jump_. He was born in Takaoka, Toyama.

In November 2019, Terashima revealed that he had been diagnosed with spinal stenosis. Matsumoto died at 61 on October 6, 2020.
Spinal stenosis

**Spinal stenosis** is a narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen. It can cause pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots.

Symptoms may include pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs.

Symptoms usually get worse over time. Severe symptoms may include bladder and bowel problems or sexual dysfunction.
Sexual dysfunction

**Sexual dysfunction** is a medical problem in which a person or a couple have problems during any stage of sex, This can make it hard for them to have an arousal or orgasm.

Sexual dysfunction happens when a person feels extremely uncomfortable for a minimum of six months. Sexual dysfunctions can have a profound impact on an individual's perceived quality of sexual life.

There are certain drugs that change the ways hormones are processed. These drugs can also lead to a sexual dysfunction. These drugs are used to treat symptoms such as depression.
Pat Hooper

**Patrick Hooper** (12 May 1952 – 9 October 2020) was an Irish Olympian and long-distance runner. He was born in Dublin. He represented Ireland in the marathon at European and Olympic level. His marathon _personal best_ time was 2:17:46. He participated in the 1980 Summer Olympics coming in 40th place.

He was the older brother of three-time Olympian and marathoner Dick Hooper.

Hooper died on 9 October 2020 in Dublin, aged 68.
Edward Nabunone

**Anderias Hiler Eduardus "Edward" Nabunone** (21 April 1968 – 12 October 2020) was an Indonesian long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 5000 metres and the 10,000 metres  at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Nabunone died on 12 October 2020 at the age of 52.
Rashid Haider

**Rashid Haider** (15 July 1941 – 13 October 2020) was a Bangladeshi writer. His novels include _Khancay_ (1975), _Nashta Josnay Ekon Aranya_ (1982), _Sadh Ahlad_ (1985), _Andha Kathamala_ (1987), _Asamabriksha_ (1987) and _Mabuhai_ (1988). He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 2014 by the government of Bangladesh. He was born in Pabna.

In February 2020, Haider had a stroke. He died later that year, on 13 October, at the age of 79.
Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport

**Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport** () or **Belgrade Airport** ()  is an airport in Belgrade, Serbia. It is run by the French company Vinci Airports. The Serbian national plane company uses Belgrade Nikola Tesla as their hub. It was founded on 13 March 1992; 28 years ago. In 2019 it had seen 6,159,000 passengers and 20,064 tons of cargo pass through it.

## Infobox (airport)

- **name**: Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport
- **nativename**: <small>Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд</small>
- **nativename-r**: <small>_Aerodrom Nikola Tesla Beograd_</small>
- **image**: Logo of Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport.svg
- **image-width**: 150
- **image2**: BAM-68-Kompleks AB-JAT-MVB.jpg
- **image2-width**: 250
- **iata**: BEG
- **icao**: LYBE
- **type**: International airport, International
- **owner**: Government of Serbia - 83.5%
- **operator**: Vinci SA, VINCI Airports Serbia Types of business entity#Serbia, d.o.o.
- **city-served**: Belgrade
- **location**: Zemun, Serbia
- **hub**: <div>
* Air Serbia
* Aviolet
* Wizz Air</div>
- **elevation-f**: 336
- **elevation-m**: 102
- **website**: [http://www.beg.aero beg.aero]
- **pushpin map**: Serbia Belgrade#Serbia
- **pushpin label**: **BEG**
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Belgrade
- **metric-rwy**: Yes
- **r1-number**: 12/30
- **r1-length-f**: 11155
- **r1-length-m**: 3400
- **r1-surface**: Airport runway, Asphalt/Airport runway, concrete
- **stat-year**: 2019
- **stat1-header**: Passengers
- **stat1-data**: 6159000
- **stat2-header**: Aircraft movements
- **stat2-data**: 70356
- **stat3-header**: Cargo volume
- **stat3-data**: 20064
- **footnotes**: Source: Official website
Serbian Aeronautical Information Publication, AIP at Eurocontrol


## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport
- **traded as**: Belgrade Stock Exchange, BELEX: [http://www.belex.rs/trgovanje/hartija/dnevni/AERO AERO]
- **type**: Joint-stock company
- **native name**: Аеродром Никола Тесла Београд
- **native name lang**: srb
- **location**: Aerodrom Beograd 59, Belgrade, Serbia
- **key people**: Saša Vlaisavljević
Vesna Stanković Jevđević
- **revenue**: Euro, €588.05 million
- **net income**: €449.73 million
- **assets**: €779.12 million
- **equity**: €686.20 million
- **owner**: Government of Serbia (83.15%)
Others
- **num employees**: 1,556
- **parent**: Vinci SA, Vinci Airports
- **industry**: Airport operations
Jack Skellington

**Jack Skellington** is the main character of the 1993 movie _Nightmare Before Christmas_. Jack is the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town, a world based on Halloween. Jack is voiced by Chris Sarandon. Danny Elfman provided Jack's singing voice. The character is shown on various merchandise.

## Infobox (character)

- **color**: orange
- **name**: Jack Skellington
- **image**: Frightfully Fun Parade - 34056699740.jpg
- **image size**: 120px
- **caption**: Jack and Sally at Disneyland.
- **first**: _The Nightmare Before Christmas_ (1993)
- **creator**: Tim Burton
- **voice**: Chris Sarandon (speaking)
Danny Elfman (singing)
- **noinfo**: yes
Rocky III

***Rocky III*** is a 1982 American sports drama movie. It was directed, written by, and starred, Sylvester Stallone. The movie is about a famed boxer fighting against Clubber Lang. It is the sequel to _Rocky II_.

It was followed by _Rocky IV_ in 1985.

## Cast

- Sylvester Stallone as Robert "Rocky" Balboa, Sr., a heavyweight champion.
- Talia Shire as Adrian Balboa, Rocky's wife.
- Burt Young as Paulie Pennino, Adrian's brother; a meat-packing plant worker by trade, Paulie lets Rocky train in the freezer.
- Carl Weathers as Apollo Creed, Rocky's friend and heavyweight champion. The character was based on real-life boxing great Muhammad Ali.
- Burgess Meredith as Mickey Goldmill: Rocky's manager and trainer, a former bantamweight fighter from the 1920s and the owner of the local boxing gym.
- Mr. T as Clubber Lang, Rocky's next opponent and killer of Mickey Goldmill.

## Sequels

- Rocky IV (1985)
- Rocky V (1990)
- Rocky Balboa (2006)
- Creed (2015)
- Creed II (2018)

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Rocky III
- **director**: Sylvester Stallone
- **producer**: Robert Chartoff
Irwin Winkler
- **writer**: Sylvester Stallone
- **starring**: Sylvester Stallone
Burgess Meredith
Talia Shire
Burt Young
Carl Weathers
Mr. T
- **music**: Bill Conti
- **cinematography**: James Crabe
- **editing**: Richard Halsey
Scott Conrad
- **distributor**: United Artists
- **runtime**: 99 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Taman Negara

**Taman Negara** is a national park in Malaysia. The park has been legally protected since the late 1930s. The size of the park is little under 4,500 kilometres square. It's one of the oldest deciduous rainforests (deciduous means the leaves fall off every year) in the world - nearly 130 million years old!

Activities close by include a canopy walkway, a cave system and rapids. Tourists can also enjoy birdwatching, jungle trekking and views of the Tahan River.

The park covers three states called Pahang, Kelantan and Terengganu.

Some rare animals are found in this park, like Malayan tigers, Asian elephants and many kinds of birds.

## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Taman Negara
- **alt name**: King George V National Park
- **iucn category**: II
- **photo**: Taman Negara Sungai Tembeling.JPG
- **photo caption**: View of Tembeling River, Sungai Tembeling from atop the canopy walkway.
- **map**: Malaysia
- **relief**: yes
- **location**: Malaysia
- **nearest city**: Kuala Tembeling
- **area km2**: 4343
- **established**: 1938/1939
- **governing body**: Department of Wildlife and National Parks
Los Angeles FC

**Los Angeles Football Club**, commonly known as **Los Angeles FC**, or simply **LAFC**, ia an American professional soccer franchise based in Los Angeles, California. They competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Western Conference. The team plays their home games at BMO Stadium (known before 2023 as Banc of California Stadium). Their main rival is LA Galaxy, and the rivalry is known as El Tráfico.

### Team

|style="background:#000; color:#FFF; border:2px solid #C39E6D;" scope="col"colspan="3"|International|
| --- | --- |
|style="background:#FFF; color:#000; border:2px solid #C39E6D;" scope="col""text-align:center"||

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Los Angeles FC
- **image**: Los Angeles Football Club.svg
- **upright**: 0.8
- **short name**: LAFC
- **nickname**: The Black and Gold
- **stadium**:
Los Angeles, California
- **capacity**: 22,000
- **season**: 2022 Major League Soccer season, 2022
- **alt**: Team logo
- **chrtitle**: Chairmen
- **mgrtitle**: Co-Presidents
- **coach**: Bob Bradley
- **league**: Major League Soccer
- **position**: Western Conference (MLS), Western Conference: 1st
Overall: 1st
2022 MLS Cup Playoffs, Playoffs: Champions
- **website**: https://lafc.com
- **american**: true
- **pattern la1**: _lafc22h
- **pattern b1**: _fener1819h
- **pattern ra1**: _lafc22h
- **pattern sh1**: _adidasonblack2011
- **pattern so1**: _3_stripes_on_black
- **leftarm1**: 101217
- **body1**: 101217
- **rightarm1**: 101217
- **shorts1**: dbb540
- **socks1**: dbb540
- **pattern la2**: _leicester2122a
- **pattern b2**: _leicester2122a
- **pattern ra2**: _leicester2122a
- **pattern sh2**: _adidasnavy
- **pattern so2**: _leicester2122a
- **leftarm2**: D6F3F1
- **body2**: D6F3F1
- **rightarm2**: D6F3F1
- **shorts2**: D6F3F1
- **socks2**: D6F3F1
Designated Player Rule

The **Designated Player Rule**, nicknamed the **Beckham Rule**, allows Major League Soccer franchises to sign up to three players that would be considered outside their salary cap (either by offering the player higher wages or by paying a transfer fee for the player). The rule was adopted ahead of the 2007 MLS season, and it enables teams to compete for star players in the international soccer market. The rule is one of two ways which MLS teams may exceed their salary cap, the other being allocation money. As of December 2019, there have been 209 Designated Players in league history.

The rule is named after David Beckham. Beckham was the first player signed under this rule, signing a five-year contract with the Los Angeles Galaxy with a guaranteed annual salary of $6.5 million.
Geometric distribution

In probability, the **geometric distribution** with probability of success , written , is a discrete probability distribution defined on non-negative integers. It is used to model the number of trials needed to obtain a first success, where the probability of success of each trial is .

An example involving geometric distribution is the number of times a coin needs to be tossed in order to get the first head.

The geometric distribution is the discrete analogue of the exponential distribution.

## Related pages

- Bernoulli distribution
Predator 2

***Predator 2*** is a 1990 American science fiction horror action movie. It is a standalone sequel to 1987's _Predator_. It starrs Danny Glover as an LAPD officer and main protagonist, who tries to catch the main antagonist, the extraterrestrial Predator in Los Angeles.

## Cast

- Danny Glover as Detective Lieutenant Michael "Mike" R. Harrigan
- Gary Busey as Special Agent Peter Keyes
- Bill Paxton as Detective Jerry Lambert

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Predator 2
- **caption**: Theatrical poster
- **director**: Stephen Hopkins
- **producer**: Lawrence Gordon (producer), Lawrence Gordon
John Davis (producer), John Davis
- **writer**: Jim Thomas (screenwriter), Jim Thomas
John Thomas (screenwriter), John Thomas
- **starring**: Danny Glover
Gary Busey
Bill Paxton
- **music**: Alan Silvestri
- **cinematography**: Donald McAlpine
- **editing**: Mark Helfrich (film editor), Mark Helfrich
John F. Link
- **studio**: Lawrence Gordon (producer), Gordon Company
 Silver Pictures
Davis Entertainment
 [https://imdb.wikia.com/wiki/Family_Public_Telepictures FPT Communications]
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **runtime**: 108 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $20-30 million
- **gross**: $57.1 million
Charlotte Forman

**Charlotte Forman** (1715–1787) was a journalist, translator, political essayist and activist. Between 1756 and 1780, she wrote political essays and news from abroad for newspapers under pseudonyms (false names). The false name she used in the newspapers _Gazetteer_ and _The Public Ledger_ was "Probus".

She was not famous in her lifetime, but she has become more well known in recent years. This is because she was one of the few women at that time who wrote essays on politics and trade. Back then, people thought those were men's areas of interest. Because of sexism, most people thought Forman's essays were written by men.

Scholars say her essays show great knowledge and morality.

## Early life

Forman's father was Irish Jacobite Charles Forman, and her mother was called Mary. Forman had five brothers and sisters.

Charles Forman was a clerk in the English war office. When James Francis Edward Stuart tried become king of England, Ireland and Scotland (and make royal House of Stuart the rulers of these countries) in the Jacobite rising of 1715, Forman was late in sending orders to the English general Charles Wills, who was fighting the Jacobites. Therefore, we do not know whether Charlotte was born in England or France, but she did later write that she had been "nursed in the palace of the Trianon" in France.

She lived in London for most of her life in poverty, and  went into debtors' prison for a short time in 1767.

## Writing career

Forman wrote a many political essays for the _Gazetteer_ and _London Daily Advertiser_ between 1756 and 1760, then carried in in the _Public Ledger_ in 1760. Both newspapers were for merchants, traders, and shopkeepers in London, and had information about to international trade, such as news about shipping and offers of wholesale and retail goods..

Forman's essays in the _Gazetteer_ and the _Public Ledger_, all signed as Probus, were written in the before and during the Seven Years' War. About 200 surviving essays comment on  diplomatic news and general news reports, as well as looking into the interests of England, Prussia, France, Holland, Austria, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Denmark. She always supported the English war effort, and kept telling readers that England could defeat France, as well as defending Frederick the Great and William Pitt from critics. She also argued against an early peace, as she thought it would give France too much leeway.

Letters written between her and with Radical satirist and politician John Wilkes have beensaid to give modern readers "graphic evidence of the struggles of an independent woman in the 18th century attempting to support herself by writing". She said she was a literary day labourer.

She is not known to have published anything under her own name, although there are many works published anonymously which now cannot be attributed.
Frank the Pug

**Frank the Pug** or **Agent F** is an alien that poses as a pug and is a character in the _Men in Black_ franchise. He was voiced by Tim Blaney. He has appeared in all but one of the movies.

## Species

According to _Men in Black II_, he is actually a Remoolian.
Eight Crazy Nights

***Eight Crazy Nights*** is a 2002 American animated holiday comedy movie that was produced by Jack Giarraputo and was directed by Seth Kearsley. It stars Adam Sandler and is set in New Hampshire.

## Cast

- Adam Sandler as Davey Stone, Whitey Duvall, Elenore Duvall and reindeer
- Rob Schneider as Narrator

## Ratings

_Eight Crazy Nights_ gained mainly negative reviews.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Eight Crazy Nights
- **director**: Seth Kearsley
- **producer**: Adam Sandler
Jack Giarraputo
- **writer**: Adam Sandler
Allen Covert
Brooks Arthur
- **starring**: Adam Sandler
Rob Schneider
- **music**: Teddy Castellucci
- **editing**: Amy Budden
- **studio**: Happy Madison Productions
- **distributor**: Columbia Pictures
- **released**: November 27, 2002
- **runtime**: 90 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **gross**: $23.8 million
Back in the USSR (movie)

***Back in the USSR*** is a 1992 American Japanese Russian thriller movie directed by Deran Sarafian and starring Frank Whaley, Roman Polanski, Natalya Negoda, Andrew Divoff, Dey Young, Brian Blessed, Constantine Gregory. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
The Sweatbox

***The Sweatbox*** is a 2002 American documentary movie designed to show behind-the-scenes footage of _Kingdom of the Sun_ (the original version of _The Emperor's New Groove_). It showed transformation from _Kingdom of the Sun_ to _The Emperor's New Groove_, including the director, musician Sting (whose wife created the documentary), artists and voice cast being dismayed by the new direction. The major theme is creative-executive conflicts.

## Appearances

- Mark Dindal
- Sting
- Roger Allers
- Andreas Deja
- David Spade
- Patrick Warburton
- Eartha Kitt
- John Goodman
- Thomas Schumacher
- Roy E. Disney
- David Hartley
- Randy Fullmer
- David Reynolds
- Peter Schneider
- Don Hahn
- Joe Ranft
- John Musker
- Ron Clements
- Gary Trousdale
- Kirk Wise
- Dale Baer
- Tony Bancroft
- Tom Jones
- Owen Wilson
- Marc Shaiman
- Bruce W. Smith
- John Debney

## Other websites

- _Sweatbox_ Documentary Unedited Version

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Sweatbox
- **image**: SweatboxDocumentaryCard.png
- **caption**: Titlecard
- **director**: Trudie Styler
John-Paul Davidson
- **producer**: Trudie Styler
John-Paul Davidson
- **music**: David Hartley (musician), David Hartley
- **cinematography**: Neil Brown
- **editing**: Susanne Rostock
- **studio**: Walt Disney Pictures
Xingu Films
- **distributor**: Buena Vista Pictures
- **runtime**: 95 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Spyro Reignited Trilogy

***Spyro Reignited Trilogy*** is a platform video game that was published by Activision. It serves as a remaster and remake of the first three Spyro games: _Spyro the Dragon_, _Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage!_ and _Spyro: Year of the Dragon_.

## Other websites

- Spyro the Dragon's Official website

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Toys for Bob
- **publisher**: Activision
- **released**: November 10, 2018
- **modes**: Single-player
- **platforms**: Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Xbox One
All Dogs Go to Heaven

***All Dogs Go to Heaven*** is a 1989 American British Irish animated movie directed by Don Bluth, starring Burt Reynolds, and Dom DeLuise.

## Cast

- Burt Reynolds as Charlie B. Barkin, a brash German Shepherd and a former con artist.
- Dom DeLuise as Itchy Itchiford, a paranoid, anxious but loyal Dachshund and Charlie's best friend.
- Judith Barsi (Lana Beeson, singing voice) as Anne-Marie, a 7-year-old orphan girl with the ability to talk to and understand animals. This was Barsi's final film role before her murder in 1988, the end credits song "Love Survives" was dedicated in her memory.
- Vic Tayback as Carface Carruthers, a violent, sadistic Bulldog gangster. This was Tayback's final film role before his death in 1990.
- Charles Nelson Reilly as Killer, a misnamed, fidgety, neurotic and spectacles-wearing Schnoodle who is Carface's comic relief sidekick.
- Loni Anderson as Flo, a female Rough Collie and one of Charlie's friends.
- Melba Moore as a Whippet angel who welcomes deceased dogs into Heaven.
- Ken Page as King Gator, an American alligator and voodoo witch doctor living below the streets of New Orleans.
- Rob Fuller and Earleen Carey as Kate and Harold, a kindly married couple who later become Anne-Marie's adoptive parents.
- Godfrey Quigley as Terrier, a dog that appears when Itchy tells everyone Anne-Marie is in danger.
- Anna Manahan as Stella Dallas, a horse that appears when Anne-Marie, Charlie and Itchy are at the derby.
- Candy Devine as Vera, a female gambling dog.
- Dan Molina (uncredited) as the hellhound in Charlie's nightmare and at the finale.

## Sequel

The movie has a sequel, _All Dogs Go To Heaven 2_.
Anastasia (1997 movie)

***Anastasia*** is a 1997 American animated movie with music and songs. Don Bluth and Gary Goldman directed it. It starred Meg Ryan, John Cusack, Kelsey Grammer, Hank Azaria and Christopher Lloyd.

## Plot

The movie is about the Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia and the idea that she might have survived the murder of her family by the evil sorcerer Rasputin, with amnesia. (In reality, Anastasia was murdered with her family, after the Russian Revolution, on 17 July 1918, by the Bolshevik secret police.)
Telly Monster

**Telly Monster** is a worrying reddish purple monster from Sesame Street. He loves triangles.
This Is My Life (movie)

***This Is My Life*** is a 1992 American comedy movie directed by first time director Nora Ephron and was based on the novel _This Is Your Life_ by Meg Wolitzer. It stars Julie Kavner, Gaby Hoffmann, Samantha Mathis, Carrie Fisher, Dan Aykroyd, Caroline Aaron, Kathy Najimy, Estelle Harris and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
The Odd Couple (movie)

***The Odd Couple*** is a 1968 American comedy movie directed by Gene Saks and based on the Neil Simon's play of the same name. It stars Walter Matthau, Jack Lemmon, Herb Edelman, John Fiedler, David Sheiner, Billie Bird, Larry Haines, Carole Shelley and Monica Evans. It was nominated for two Academy Awards and was followed by the sequel _The Odd Couple II_.
Jacinda Barclay

**Jacinda Barclay** (18 February 1991 – 13 October 2020) was an Australian sportswoman. She played Australian rules football, baseball and American football at high levels. She played for her country in five Women's Baseball World Cups. She also played American football for the Chicago Bliss in the Legends Football League and Australian football for the Greater Western Sydney Giants in the AFL Women's (AFLW). Due to her success across different sports, _The Sydney Morning Herald_ called Barclay "the Sonny Bill Williams of women's sport" in 2016.

Barclay grew up in Chidlow, Western Australia. She died on 13 October 2020 in Chidlow at the age of 29.

## Other websites

- Jacinda Barclay  at AustralianFootball.com
Cover Up (1949 movie)

***Cover Up*** is a 1949 American mystery movie directed by Alfred E. Green and starring William Bendix, Dennis O'Keefe, Art Baker, Barbara Britton, Ann E. Todd, Doro Merande, Hank Worden, Russell Armes. It was distributed by United Artists.
Aluminium-26

**Aluminium-26** (**<sup>26</sup>Al**, **Al-26**) is a radioactive isotope of aluminium. It decays by either positron emission or electron capture to magnesium-26. The half-life of <sup>26</sup>Al is 7.17×10<sup>5</sup> years. A small amount of aluminium-26 is made when atoms hit cosmic ray protons.

When aluminium-26 decays it also produces gamma rays and x-rays. Because it is radioactive, it is usually kept behind at least 5 centimetres (2 in) of lead. We use special tools to transfer, use, and store aluminium-26.
Olivier Corpet

**Olivier Corpet** (4 September 1949 – 6 October 2020) was a French author and writer. He was co-founder, then director of the Institute for Contemporary Publishing Archives for 24 years. He was born in Paris.

Corpet began working as an engineer for the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

In 1986, he helped co-found Ent'revues, an association based on the research group.

Corpet founded the Institute for Contemporary Publishing Archives with Pascal Fouché and Jean-Pierre Dauphin in 1988. He was Director until 2013, when he resigned for health-related reasons.

Corpet died in Paris on 6 October 2020 at the age of 71.
Fred Nitz

**Fred Nitz** is a wheelchair athlete from Queensland. He represented Australia at the 1982 Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled in Hong Kong. He won medals in all of his events, winning 3 golds (200m, 400m and 4 x 400m) and 2 silvers (100m and 1500m Paraplegic 2 class). He was one of 157 Australian athletes to compete at the 1982 Games, where Australians won a total of 315 medals.
Eye of the Tiger

**"Eye of the Tiger"** is a 1982 hard rock song under the American rock band Survivor. This rock ballad was from the hard rock studio album of the same name. It was recorded under the request of the actor Sylvester Stallone for his boxing drama movie _Rocky III_. That happened when rock group Queen didn't give him permission to use the song "Another One Bites the Dust" in his movie. The movie version had tiger growls within it.

In the United States, "Eye of the Tiger" hit #1 on the U.S. _Billboard_ Hot 100. It stayed at #1 for six weeks.

The song was nominated for a 1982 Academy Award for Best Original Song. This was the only nomination for _Rocky III_. It lost to "Up Where We Belong" from _An Officer and a Gentleman_. It was also nominated for a 1983 Grammy Award for Song of the Year. It lost, though, to Willie Nelson's hit "Always on My Mind".

In 2012, Survivor sued Republican presidential candidate Newt Gingrich in Illinois federal court. Gingrich had been using "Eye of the Tiger" without asking permission in his political rallies dating back to 2009.
Operation Amsterdam

***Operation Amsterdam*** is a 1959 British World War II action movie directed by Michael McCarthy and was based on the novel _Adventures in Diamonds_ by David E. Walker. It stars Peter Finch, Eva Bartok, Tony Britton, Alexander Knox, Malcolm Keen, Christopher Rhodes, Oscar Quitak and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Merge sort

**Merge sort** (or **mergesort**) is an divide and conquer algorithm for sorting a list of items first presented by John von Neumann in 1945. It is similar to quicksort, developed in 1960, by Tony Hoare. The difference is that with merge sort, dividing the lists is trivial, and merging them together isn't. With quicksort, dividing the lists is more complex, but the merging step is trivial.

## Usage

Merge sort is a stable sorting algorithm, while quicksort is not. It has a worst-case complexity of . Merge sort is also highly parallelizable. It can be used for solving the inversion counting problem.

## Algorithm

The Algorithm works by splitting the list to be sorted in half repeatedly, until each sub-list contains only one item. This can be stored in a computer as a list of lists.

The merging process then takes place, giving the sorting algorithm its name. Each sub-list, containing 1 item, can be merged together with the next sub-list to form a sub-list with 2 items that are sorted. These sub-lists containing 2 items are then merged with the next sub-list. This process is then repeated until 1 sorted list is produced and the algorithm terminates.

This process can be written down in the following steps:

- If the list contains only one item, then return the list.
- Divide the list into two sub-lists of half the size of the original list.
- Apply the algorithm to each of the two sub-lists.
- Merge the two sorted lists.
Stable sorting algorithm

A sorting algorithm is called **stable** if it preserves the order of elements with the same sorting key. Otherwise it is called **unstable**.
Merge sort is an example of a stable sorting algorithm, quicksort is an example of an unstable sorting algorithm.
Note that being stable has nothing to do with how difficult it is to do the sorting (known as complexity). Bubble sort is very easy to implement, but takes a very long time. It is a stable sorting algorithm.
Heapsort is very efficient, but it is not stable.

Formally stability may be defined as, how the algorithm treats equal elements. Let A[] be an array, and let ‘<‘ be a strict weak ordering on the elements of A[].  A sorting algorithm is stable if: i < j and A[i]=A[j] implies pi(i) < pi(j) where pi is the sorting permutation (sorting moves A[i] to position pi(i)).

**Which sorting algorithms are stable?**

Some Sorting Algorithms are stable by nature, such as Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Merge Sort, Count Sort, etc.

**Which sorting algorithms are unstable?**

Quick Sort, Heap Sort etc., can be made stable by also taking the position of the elements into consideration. This change may be done in a way that does not compromise a lot on the performance and takes some extra space.
Geoff Peddle

**Geoffrey Curtis Ralph "Geoff" Peddle** (1 January 1963 – 8 October 2020) was a Canadian Anglican prelate. He was the bishop of the Diocese of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador from 2014 to 2020. Peddle was born in Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador.

Peddle died on 8 October 2020 at the age of 57.
Helmut Giesbrecht

**Helmut Giesbrecht** (February 18, 1943 – October 9, 2020) was a Ukrainian-born Canadian educator and politician. He represented Skeena in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1991 to 2001 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member. From 1981 to 1985, he was Mayor of Terrace, British Columbia.

Giesbrecht died on October 9, 2020, aged 77.
John J. Creedon

**John Joseph Creedon** (August 1, 1924 – October 11, 2020) was an American businessman. He was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company from 1983 to 1989. Creedon was born in New York City.

Creedon died on October 11, 2020 in Larchmont, New York at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- USS Caliente (AO-53)
- French American School of New York

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John Creedon
- **image**: John J Creedon with his 10th grandchild Zara- 2014-07-07 01-26.jpg
- **birth name**: John Joseph Creedon
- **birth place**: New York City
- **death place**: Larchmont, New York
- **occupation**: Businessman
- **known for**: President & C.E.O Of Metlife from 1983-1989
Larchmont, New York

**Larchmont**  is a village located within the Town of Mamaroneck in Westchester County, New York, approximately  northeast of Midtown Manhattan. The population of the village was 6,630 at the 2020 census.
Heapsort

**Heap sort** or **heapsort** is a sorting algorithm. It was presented in 1964, and helped make a data structure known as heap popular. Heapsort divides the input into a sorted and an unsorted region. It then takes the largest element from the unsorted region and inserts it into the sorted region. The unsorted region is kept as a heap, which allows finding the largest element quickly. Heapsort is not stable. It has a worst-case complexity of O(n*log(n)).
Donald Pellmann

**Donald Pellmann** (August 12, 1915 – October 11, 2020) was an American centenarian multi world-record-setting masters athlete. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Pellmann held the current M90 world record (for men aged 90 or above) in the long jump, high jump, discus throw, and indoor pole vault.

He participated in the 100 metres, triple jump, shot put, and javelin throw.

Pellmann died on October 11, 2020 in Santa Clara, California from problems caused by a broken hip at the age of 105.
Jay Porter

**J. W. "Jay" Porter** (January 17, 1933 – October 11, 2020) was an American Major League Baseball player. He appeared with the St. Louis Browns in 1952, Detroit Tigers between 1955 and 1957, Cleveland Indians in 1958, Washington Senators in 1959, and St. Louis Cardinals in 1959. Porter was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma.

Porter died of respiratory failure on October 11, 2020 in Jupiter, Florida at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- Sports Illustrated 10 Greatest Characters in Detroit Tigers History
- BaseballLibrary.com Profile
- Baseball-Almanac Profile
Jean Cardot

**Jean Cardot** (20 July 1930 – 13 October 2020) was a French sculptor. He was born in Saint-Étienne, France. He was elected a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts on 9 November 1983 and president in 1992 and 1997. He made statues in Paris of Sir Winston Churchill 1998 on the Right Bank of the Seine in front of the Petit Palais.

Cardot died on 13 October 2020 in Paris. He was 90 years old.
Académie des Beaux-Arts

The **Académie des Beaux-Arts** (, _Academy of Fine Arts_) is a French learned society. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France. The current President of the Academy (2016) is .

The Academy was created in 1816 in Paris as a merger of the Académie de peinture et de sculpture (Academy of Painting and Sculpture, founded 1648), the Académie de musique (Academy of Music, founded in 1669) and the Académie d'architecture (Academy of Architecture, founded in 1671).

## Other websites

- Institut de France website
Nevzat Güzelırmak

**Nevzat Güzelırmak** (1 January 1942 – 12 October 2020) was a Turkish football defender and later manager. He played 18 times for Turkey from 1962 to 1968. He also played for Göztepe S.K. between 1960 to 1975.

Güzelırmak died on 12 October 2020 at the age of 78.
The Incident (movie)

***The Incident*** is a 1967 American crime thriller movie directed by Larry Peerce and was based on the teleplay _Ride with Terror_ by Nicholas E. Baehr. It stars Martin Sheen, Beau Bridges, Ruby Dee, Tony Musante, Ed McMahon, Victor Arnold, Thelma Ritter, Donna Mills, Jan Sterling, Jack Gilford, Brock Peters, Robert Fields and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Göztepe S.K.

**Göztepe Spor Kulübü** (, Göztepe Sports Club) also known as **Göztepe**, is a Turkish sports club based in the Göztepe and Güzelyalı neighborhoods of İzmir.

The club became the Turkish champions in 1950. In 1969 Göztepe became the first Turkish football team to play a semi-final in European competitions.
Fernando Lopes (swimmer)

**Fernando Lopes** (21 November 1964 –  October 2020) was an Angolan swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

Lopes died in October 2020 at the age of 55.
Carlos M. Rivera

**Carlos M. Rivera** (1934 – October 12, 2020) was an American firefighter. He was the first Hispanic commissioner in the New York City Fire Department's 127-year history. He was appointed the 27th Fire Commissioner of the City of New York by Mayor David N. Dinkins on January 1, 1990. He resigned on August 31, 1993.

Rivera died on October 12, 2020 in New York City at the age of 86.
Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party

The **Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China** () was the head of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The position was established at the 8th National Congress in 1945 and abolished at the 12th National Congress in 1982, being replaced by that of the General Secretary. The CCP Chairman was elected by the Central Committee in plenary session and had full powers over the Central Committee, the Politburo and its Standing Committee.

## List of chairmen

1. Mao Zedong (19 June 1945 – 9 September 1976)
1. Hua Guofeng (7 October 1976 – 28 June 1981)
1. Hu Yaobang (29 June 1981 – 11 September 1982)

## List of vice chairmen

- 8th Central Committee (1956–1969)
    - Liu Shaoqi (expelled in 1968), Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Lin Biao (from 1959).
- 9th Central Committee (1969–1973)
    - Lin Biao (died in 1971).
- 10th Central Committee (1973–1977)
    - Hua Guofeng (First Vice-chairman from 6 April 1976, chairman from 9 September), Zhou Enlai (died in 1976), Wang Hongwen (arrested in 1976), Kang Sheng (died in 1975), Li Desheng, Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping (from 1975 to 1976, and from 1977).
- 11th Central Committee (1977–1982)
    - Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun, Li Xiannian, Wang Dongxing, Hua Guofeng (from 1981), Zhao Ziyang (from 1981).
Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi

**Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi** () (April 24, 1940 – October 12, 2020) was an Iranian archaeologist and anthropologist. He was born in Shahmirzad, Semnan Province.

Shahmirzadi was the author of over 60 research articles and books. Shahmirzadi's book, _Dictionary of Archeology English-Persian-Persian-English,_ published in 1997.

Shamirzadi died on October 12, 2020 in Tehran at the age of 80.

## Works

- 1978, _Introduction to Sociology_ (in Persian).
- 1994, _Fundamental of Archaeology, Prehistoric Iran, Prehistoric Mesopotamia and Art and Archeology of Ancient Egypt_ (in Persian).
- 1996, _English for Student of Archeology_.
- 1996, _Dictionary of Archaeology English-Persian-Persian-English_. ()
- 1996, _Iranian Houses_.
- 1998, _History of Early Iran_ (in Persian); co-authors with Dr. M. Haririan, Dr. J. Amoozgar, and N. Mirsaidi. (Fifth printing 2006).
- 1999, _Prehistoric Iran_; Iran From The Earliest Times to the Dawn of Urbanism.
- 2000, _Agh Tepe_; co-author with Jebraeil Nokandeh.
- 2004, _The Silversmiths of Sialk_ (in Persian). ()
- 2006, _Sialk, The Oldest Fortified Village of Iran_; Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, Iran.
Aldo Brovarone

**Aldo Brovarone** (24 June 1926 – 12 October 2020) was an Italian automobile designer. He was  the chief stylist for Pininfarina. He was known for his works including the Ferrari Dino GTS, Lancia Gamma Coupé and the Peugeot 504 and 504 Coupé. Brovarone was born in Vigliano Biellese, Italy.

Brovarone died on 12 October 2020 in Turin, Italy at the age of 94.
Ezra Schabas

**Ezra Schabas**,  (April 24, 1924 – October 12, 2020) was an American-born Canadian musician, educator and author. He began working in 1952. He was born in New York City. He was a leading musical educator, clarinetist, and administrator in Toronto's musical institutions.

He wrote several books on Canadian and American musical history, and he was appointed to the Order of Ontario and made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Shabas died on October 12, 2020 in Toronto at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Ezra Schabas archival papers  held at the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services
Chris Killip

**Christopher David Killip** (11 July 1946 – 13 October 2020) was a Manx photographer. He worked at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, from 1991 to 2017, as a Professor of Visual and Environmental Studies. Killip was well known for his black and white images of people and places. He was born in Douglas, Isle of Man.

Killip died in October 2020 at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Killip at Visual and Environmental Studies, Harvard University
- ULAN entry for Killip
- Killip's photographs  in the [British] Government Art Collection, Department of Culture, Media and Sport
- _Pirelli Work_, publisher's page.
- Chris Killip's personal website
Vitória F.C.

**Vitória Futebol Clube** is a Portuguese sports club from the city of Setúbal. Popularly known as **Vitória de Setúbal** (), the club was born under the original name Sport Victoria from the ashes of the small Bonfim Foot-Ball Club.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Vitória de Setúbal
- **upright**: 0.8
- **fullname**: Vitória Futebol Clube
- **founded**: 20 November 1910
- **ground**: Estádio do Bonfim
- **capacity**: 15,497
- **chairman**: Vítor Hugo Valente
- **manager**: Lito Vidigal
- **league**: Campeonato de Portugal (league), Campeonato de Portugal
- **season**: 2019–20 Primeira Liga, 2019–20
- **position**: Primeira Liga, 16th of 18
- **website**: https://vfc.pt/
- **pattern la1**: _vsetubal1920h
- **pattern b1**: _vsetubal1920h
- **pattern ra1**: _vsetubal1920h
- **pattern sh1**: _vsetubal1920h
- **pattern so1**: _vsetubal1920h
- **leftarm1**: FFFFFF
- **body1**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm1**: FFFFFF
- **shorts1**: FFFFFF
- **socks1**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la2**: _vsetubal1920a
- **pattern b2**: _vsetubal1920a
- **pattern ra2**: _vsetubal1920a
- **pattern sh2**: _vsetubal1920a
- **pattern so2**: _vsetubal1920a
- **leftarm2**: 006030
- **body2**: 006030
- **rightarm2**: 006030
- **shorts2**: 006030
- **socks2**: 006030
- **pattern la3**: _vsetubal1920t
- **pattern b3**: _vsetubal1920t
- **pattern ra3**: _vsetubal1920t
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- **pattern so3**: _gimnastic1617h
- **leftarm3**: 000000
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- **shorts3**: 000000
- **socks3**: 000000
Setúbal

**Setúbal** (, <small>also</small> , ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal.  The population in 2021 was 123,496.

In Setubal is Portugal’s largest covered market, and the Igreja do Convento de Jesus church.
On the hill to the south of the city is the Forte de São Filipe, a fort constructed during the 16th century by the Spanish king, Philip II.
Augusto Matine

**Augusto Matine** (13 February 1947 – 13 October 2020) was a Portuguese footballer and manager.

He played as a midfielder mostly for Benfica and Vitória Setúbal at club level and 9 times for the Portugal national team. He managed the Mozambique national team, Estrela Amadora and home town clubs Ferroviário de Maputo and Desportivo de Maputo.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Augusto Matine
- **birth place**: Maputo, Lourenço Marques, Portuguese Mozambique, Mozambique
- **position**: Midfielder (association football), Midfielder
- **years1**: 1967–1971
- **clubs1**: S.L. Benfica, Benfica
- **caps1**: 23
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 1971–1972
- **clubs2**: Vitória F.C., Vitória Setúbal
- **caps2**: 28
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1972–1973
- **clubs3**: S.L. Benfica, Benfica
- **caps3**: 8
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1973–1976
- **clubs4**: Vitória F.C., Vitória Setúbal
- **caps4**: 84
- **goals4**: 5
- **years5**: 1976–1977
- **clubs5**: Portimonense S.C., Portimonense
- **caps5**: 25
- **goals5**: 2
- **years6**: 1977–1978
- **clubs6**: Lusitano G.C., Lusitano Évora
- **years7**: 1978–1979
- **clubs7**: C.D. Aves, Aves
- **years8**: 1979–1981
- **clubs8**: CF Estrela da Amadora, Estrela Amadora
- **caps8**: 31
- **goals8**: 2
- **years9**: 1981–1983
- **clubs9**: G.D. Torralta, Torralta
- **totalcaps**: 199
- **totalgoals**: 9
- **nationalyears1**: 1970–1973
- **nationalteam1**: Portugal national football team, Portugal
- **nationalcaps1**: 9
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **managerclubs1**: CF Estrela da Amadora, Estrela Amadora
- **manageryears2**: 2001–2002
- **managerclubs2**: Mozambique national football team, Mozambique
- **manageryears3**: 2003–
- **managerclubs3**: Clube Ferroviário de Maputo, Ferroviário de Maputo
- **manageryears4**: –2012
- **managerclubs4**: GD Maputo, Desportivo Maputo
Something in the Way

"**Something in the Way**" is a song by American rock band Nirvana, written by Kurt Cobain. It is the 12th song on their second album, _Nevermind_, released in September 1991. It is the final listed song on the album, although most copies of _Nevermind_ also feature the hidden track "Endless, Nameless".

"Something in the Way" was said to be based on a time when Cobain was homeless and slept underneath a bridge, close to his childhood home in Aberdeen, Washington. While Cobain did run away from home as a teenager, his sisters and biographer do not believe he actually slept under it.

In August 2020, the song charted for the first time after appearing in the first trailer for the 2022 superhero movie _The Batman_, peaking at number two on _Billboard's_ _US Rock Digital Songs Sales_ chart, and number five on their _US Alternative Digital Songs Sales_ charts. When the movie came out in March 2022, Spotify said there was a 1200% increase in streams of the song.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Something in the Way
- **artist**: Nirvana (band), Nirvana
- **album**: Nevermind
- **recorded**: May 1991
- **studio**: Sound City, Van Nuys and Devonshire, North Hollywood, Los Angeles, North Hollywood
- **genre**: Acoustic music, Acoustic rock
- **length**: 3:52 (20:37 with "Endless, Nameless (song), Endless, Nameless")
- **label**: DGC Records, DGC
- **writer**: Kurt Cobain
- **producer**: Butch Vig
John Richard Reid

**John Richard Reid**  (3 June 1928 – 14 October 2020) was a New Zealand cricketer. He was born in Auckland, New Zealand. He played for the national team between 1949 to 1965.

In 1962, Reid was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.

Reid died in Auckland on 14 October 2020, at the age of 92.
Lexicographic order

**Lexicographic Order** is, to put simply, Alphabetic order.

- in a mathematicalor programming context, this means that symbols are ordered by their value
- for example: 0, 00, 1, 11, 2, 22, etc.
Axion

An **axion** is a elementary particle theorized in 1977 by the Peccei–Quinn theory. It was used to solve the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). If these axions do exist in a specific mass range, they could be a possible part of cold dark matter. There is also evidence of solar axions (axions from the Sun). Also if these axions exist there is evidence that they can go faster than the speed of light.

## Infobox (particle)

- **name**: Axion
- **status**: Hypothetical
- **interaction**: Gravity, Electromagnetic force, electromagnetic
- **theorized**: 1977, Roberto Peccei, Peccei and Helen Quinn, Quinn
- **symbol**: A<sup>0</sup>
- **mass**: 10<sup>−5</sup> to 10<sup>−3</sup> electronvolt, eV/Speed of light, _c_<sup>2</sup>
- **width**: 10<sup>9</sup> to 10<sup>12</sup> GeV/c<sup>2</sup>
- **electric charge**: 0
- **spin**: 0
- **grouping**: Goldstone Boson
Alexander Tilloch Galt

**Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt**,  (Born September 6, 1817, died September 19, 1893) was a politician and a father of the Canadian Confederation.

He began working in Canada with the British American Land Company in Lower Canada's Eastern Townships. He was angry about the political deadlock in the united legislature of Canada East (Québec) and Canada West (Ontario). He first supported annexation to the United States, but later worked for a federal union of the British North American colonies. After Confederation, he moved from electoral politics into diplomacy. He continued to promote development in the Eastern Townships and later in southern Alberta.
Spallation

**Spallation** is a process whereby material is released from a body because of impact or stress. In impact mechanics, it is the release of material from a target during impact by a projectile. In planetary physics, it is the impact of a meteoroid on the surface of a planet and the effects of solar winds and cosmic rays on the atmosphere and surface of planets. In anthropology, spallation is a process used to make stone tools by knapping. In nuclear physics, spallation is the process in which a heavy nucleus releases many nucleons because it has been hit by a high-energy particle, thereby reducing its atomic weight.