juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Michael Chertoff

**Michael Chertoff** (born November 28, 1953) is an American attorney. He was the second United States Secretary of Homeland Security under President George W. Bush.  He was the co-author of the USA PATRIOT Act. He served as a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, as a federal prosecutor, and as Assistant U.S. Attorney General. He succeeded Tom Ridge as U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security on February 15, 2005.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Michael Chertoff
- **image**: Michael Chertoff, official DHS photo portrait, 2007.jpg
- **office**: 2nd United States Secretary of Homeland Security
- **president**: George W. Bush
Barack Obama
- **term start**: February 15, 2005
- **term end**: January 21, 2009
- **predecessor**: Tom Ridge
- **successor**: Janet Napolitano
- **office2**: United States Assistant Attorney General#Criminal Division, United States Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division
- **president2**: George W. Bush
- **term start2**: 2001
- **term end2**: 2003
- **predecessor2**: James K. Robinson
- **successor2**: Christopher A. Wray
- **office1**: Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
- **nominator1**: George W. Bush
- **term start1**: June 10, 2003
- **term end1**: February 15, 2005
- **predecessor1**: Morton Ira Greenberg, Morton Greenberg
- **successor1**: Michael Chagares
- **office3**: United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey, U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey
- **president3**: George H. W. Bush
Bill Clinton
- **term start3**: 1990
- **term end3**: 1994
- **predecessor3**: Samuel Alito
- **successor3**: Faith S. Hochberg, Faith Hochberg
- **birth place**: Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth, New Jersey, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Meryl Justin
- **children**: Philip
Emily
- **education**: Harvard University <small>(A.B., Juris Doctor, J.D.)</small>
Jack Riley (actor)

**John Albert** "**Jack**" **Riley Jr.** (December 30, 1935 – August 19, 2016) was an American actor. He was known for playing Elliot Carlin on _The Bob Newhart Show_, and for voicing Stu Pickles in the _Rugrats_ franchise. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Riley died in Los Angeles, California on August 19, 2016 from pneumonia, aged 80.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jack Riley
- **birth name**: John Albert Riley, Jr.
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1962–2013
- **children**: 2
- **death cause**: Pneumonia
Tonawanda, New York

**Tonawanda** (officially known as the _City of Tonawanda_) is a small city in New York, USA.  It is located in Erie County, near Buffalo, New York.

Tonawanda borders the Niagara River and the Erie Canal.
Jhulelal (Sufism)

**Jhulelal** (Sindhi/Urdu: جهوللال), refers to Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, a prominent Sunni Muslim of the Suhrawardy Sufi order. The term has been popularized by the song Dama Dam Mast Qalandar, in which Lal Shabaz Qalandar has been referred to as "Jhulelal Qalandar". The term Jhulelal means "red bridegroom".
Tommy Page

**Thomas Alden "Tommy" Page** (May 24, 1967 – March 3, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and pianist. He was best known for his 1990 hit single, "I'll Be Your Everything". He later became a music industry executive for _Billboard magazine_.

## Career

Page worked with many artists such as New Kids on the Block, Sa-Fire, La Casa, Sally Yeh, Donna De Lory, Amy Mastura, Ashley Tisdale, Tiffany, Green Day, Michael Bublé, Alanis Morissette, Josh Groban, and David Foster.

Page was born in Glen Ridge, New Jersey and raised in West Caldwell, New Jersey. He studied at James Caldwell High School. Page had three children with his partner, Charlie.

Page died on March 3, 2017 in New York City in an apparent suicide, aged 46.
Carl Adam Lewenhaupt

**Carl Adam Göstasson _"Noppe"_ Lewenhaupt** (1 August 1947 – 28 February 2017) was a Swedish count, businessman and restaurateur.

Lewenhaupt worked at a bank and warehouse in London and New York. In the mid 1990s, he created and started Geddesholm Callcenter, one of Swedens largest call-centers, better known as Avesta teletjänst, which he sold in 2002. The same year he along with Erik Lallerstedt started the members only club _Noppe_ at Östermalm in Stockholm.

Lewenhaupt was found dead on 28 February 2017 in a river outside Gärdet in Stockholm.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Carl Adam Lewenhaupt
- **image**: Carl Adam Lewenhaupt 2012-10-27 001.jpg
- **caption**: Carl Adam Lewenhaupt, 2012
- **birth place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **death place**: Gärdet, Stockholm, Sweden
Taygetus

**Taygetus** is a mountain range in Peloponnese peninsula of Southern Greece. The highest mountain of this range is known as the "Profitis Elias" or the "Prophet Elias".
Michael M. Ryan

**Michael McFoster Ryan** (March 19, 1929 – March 1, 2017) was an American actor. Ryan was best known for his long-running role as John Randolph on the serial _Another World_ (1964-1979). He was also known for his movie roles in _Tootsie_ and _Slayground_.

Ryan died on March 1, 2017 under hospice care in Kansas City, Missouri at the age of 87.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Michael M. Ryan
- **image**: Michael M. Ryan Another World 1965.JPG
- **caption**: Ryan in a publicity photo for _Another World (TV series), Another World_, 1965
- **birth name**: Michael McFoster Ryan
- **birth place**: Wichita, Kansas, Wichita, Kansas, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Kansas City, Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1960–1990
- **spouse**: Camille Yoder
Bill Hougland

**William Marion "Bill" Hougland** (June 20, 1930 – March 6, 2017) was an American basketball player and businessman. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was also a member of the Kansas Jayhawks' 1952 NCAA Men's Basketball National Championship team.

Hougland played for the Phillips 66ers from 1952 through 1958.

He was part of the American basketball team, which won the gold medal. He played all eight matches. Four years later he won his second gold medal as part of the American team.

After his sports career, Hougland served as Vice-President of Koch Industries until his retirement in 1991.

Hougland was born in Caldwell, Kansas. He studied at the University of Kansas. Houghland died on March 6, 2017 in Lawrence, Kansas, aged 86.

## Other websites

- Profile: Bill Houghland
Florence S. Jacobsen

**Florence Smith Jacobsen** (April 7, 1913 – March 5, 2017) was an American religious leader. She was a member with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). She served as the sixth General President of the Young Women's Mutual Improvement Association from 1961 to 1972.

Jacobsen died in Salt Lake City, Utah on March 5, 2017 at the age of 103.

## Other websites

- Janet Peterson and LaRene Gaunt (1993). _Keepers of the Flame: General Presidents of the Young Women_ (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book)
- Lavina Fielding, “Florence Smith Jacobsen: In Love with Excellence,” _Ensign_, June 1977, pp. 25–26

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Florence S. Jacobsen
- **image**: Florence S. Jacobsen.jpg
- **caption**: Jacobsen in 1962
- **birth date**: April 7, 1913
- **birth place**: Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
- **death date**: March 5, 2017 (aged 103)
- **death place**: Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
- **alma mater**: University of Utah
- **spouse**: Ted Jacobsen (until his death in 2009)
- **children**: 3
- **parents**: Willard Richards Smith
Florance Grant
- **relatives**: Joseph F. Smith <small>(grandfather)</small>
Heber J. Grant <small>(grandfather)</small>
- **awards**: Junius F. Wells Award
- **office**: Young_Women_(organization)#Chronology_of_the_general_presidency_of_the_Young_Women, 6th Young Women (organization), Young Women General President
- **appointed**: David O. McKay
- **predecessor**: Bertha S. Reeder
- **successor**: Ruth H. Funk
- **term start**: 1961
- **term end**: 1972
M. S. Swaminathan

**Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan** (7 August 1925 – 28 September 2023) was an Indian geneticist, politician and international administrator. From 2007 to 2013, he was a member of the Rajya Sabha.

## Career

He is known for his  role in India's Green Revolution a program under which high-yield varieties of wheat and rice seedlings were planted in the fields of poor farmers. Swaminathan is also known as "Indian Father of Green Revolution" for his leadership and success in creating and further developing varieties of wheat in India. He is the founder and chairman of the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.

From 1972 to 1979 he was director general of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. He was Principal Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture from 1979 to 1980. He served as Director General of the International Rice Research Institute (1982–88) and became president of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in 1988.

## Death

Swaminathan died on 28 September 2023, at age 98.

## Honors

In 1999, _Time_ magazine placed him in the 'Time 20' list of most influential Asian people of the 20th century.

## Other websites

- Islamic banking may solve farmer suicide crisis: Swaminathan – TCN News
- _Listen_:(8:46) to Dr. M. S. Swaminathan speaking at
 U. N. World Summit on Sustainable Development, p.83 27 August 2002
- Prof MS Swaminathan's Inspiring Talk on Biotechnology and Food Security at BITS Pilani Rajasthan
- Green Revolution Champion Prof MS Swaminathan at BITS Pilani

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: M. S. Swaminathan
- **image**: Monkombu Sambasivan Swaminathan - Kolkata 2013-01-07 2674.JPG
- **caption**: Swaminathan at the 100th Indian Science Congress
- **birth place**: Kumbakonam, Tanjore District, Madras Presidency, British India
- **death place**: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- **work institutions**: MS Swaminathan Research Foundation
- **alma mater**: H H M University College Thiruvananthapuram
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
University of Wisconsin-Madison
- **known for**: High-yielding varieties of wheat in India
- **influences**: Norman Borlaug, Dr. Norman Borlaug
- **spouse**: Mina Swaminathan
- **children**: Soumya Swaminathan (Scientist), Soumya Swaminathan
Arthur B. McDonald

**Arthur Bruce McDonald** (born August 29, 1943) is a Canadian astrophysicist. McDonald is the director of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute. He holds the Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario.

McDonald was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics with Japanese physicist Takaaki Kajita.

## Other websites

- Arthur B. McDonald and Oscillating Neutrinos
- Arthur B. McDonald Quotes With Pictures

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Arthur B. McDonald
- **birth name**: Arthur Bruce McDonald
- **image**: D810 5139 Arthur B. McDonald, physics (22960078224).jpg
- **caption**: Arthur B. McDonald in Stockholm in December 2015
- **birth place**: North Sydney, Nova Scotia
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **field**: Astrophysics
- **doctoral advisor**: William Alfred Fowler
- **known for**: Solving the solar neutrino problem
- **thesis title**: Excitation energies and decay properties of T = 3/2 states in <sup>17</sup>O, <sup>17</sup>F and <sup>21</sup>Na.
- **thesis year**: 1970
- **thesis url**: http://thesis.library.caltech.edu/9095/
Moshe Safdie

**Moshe Safdie**, CC, FAIA (born  July 14, 1938) is an Israeli-Canadian architect, urban designer, educator, theorist, and author. He is known for designing the Habitat 67, which paved the way for his international career. He won the Wolf Prize in 2019.

## Other websites

- The Safdie Hypermedia Archive-- McGill Univ.
- Safdie Architects
- Historic Places in Canada
- CBC Digital archives-- "Moshe Safdie: Hero of Habitat"
- Moshe Safdie at the TED (conference), 2002
- Fallout  Zvi Elhyani, Maayan Magazine, 2005
- Power People: Moshe Safdie  Zvi Elhyani, Volume, 2005
- Salt Lake City Library on ARCHUtah
- Interview on Charlie Rose August 23, 2011
- Kauffmann Center for the Performing Arts, Kansas City, MO
- http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/the-architecture-of-moshe-safdie-a-man-of-the-world/

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Moshe Safdie
- **image**: Moshe Safdie.jpg
- **caption**: Moshe Safdie
- **nationality**: Israeli, Canadian
- **birth place**: Haifa, Mandatory Palestine
- **practice**: Safdie Architects
- **alma mater**: McGill University 1961
- **significant buildings**: Habitat 67
Yad Vashem
Holocaust History Museum
Asian University for Women
Khalsa Heritage Memorial Complex
Marina Bay Sands
Hebrew College
Altair (building), Altair
Crystal Bridges
- **significant projects**: Mamilla, Alrov Mamilla Quarter
- **awards**: AIA Gold Medal
Order of Canada
Gold Medal of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
Wolf Prize in Arts (Architecture)
British Association for Applied Linguistics

The **British Association for Applied Linguistics** (**BAAL**) is an academic society. Members are professional applied linguists, language teachers, and other people interested in these topics. BAAL is in the United Kingdom. BAAL has more than 800 members. They meet at different places in the UK. The association publishes conference proceedings and a regular newsletter. It also gives scholarships to students. Tess Fitzpatrick, Professor of Applied Linguistics in the Centre for Language and Communication Research at Cardiff University, is the chair from 2015-2018.

BAAL's Annual Meeting happens every September in the UK. BAAL is part of the _Association Internationale de Linguistique Appliquee_ (International Association of Applied Linguistics, AILA). In the UK, it is a registered charity. BAAL meetings usually have a theme.The theme of the 40th conference at the University of Edinburgh was 'Technology, Ideology and Practice in Applied Linguistics'.

## History

The association started in the 1960s. At that time, more people were becoming interested in the new science of modern linguistics and they were especially interested in practical results. One important area of applied linguistics is language teaching and learning. Also at this time, the European Union was becoming more important, so people in Europe needed better language teaching.

Peter Strevens, the Chair in Applied Linguistics at the University of Essex first had the idea to start BAAL. At a meeting at Birkbeck College in July 1965, the original idea for BAAL was to study mainly language teaching and machine translation. However, at the first full meeting in 1967 in Reading, Berkshire the group decided to study many different topics. BAAL became the UK member of AILA, and Pit Corder was its first Chair. At first, membership was only for academics because BAAL wanted people to think it was a group of experts, not a teachers' meeting. However, by the early 1970s it became easier to join BAAL. Since 1985, anyone can join. There are no requirements to become a member. In 1980, the Association began to publish a journal called, _Applied Linguistics_.

## References

- British Association for Applied Linguistics (1997) _Notes on the History of the British Association for Applied Linguistics 1967-1997_.
- Trim J (1988) _Applied Linguistics in Society_. In Grunwell P (ed.) _Applied Linguistics in Society: British Studies in Applied Linguistics 3_. London: Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research. .

## Other websites

- British Association for Applied Linguistics - official site
- _Applied Linguistics_ - journal published by Oxford University Press, in collaboration with BAAL, the American Association for Applied Linguistics and the International Association for Applied Linguistics

## Related pages

- Applied linguistics
- Language acquisition
- Linguistics
Kulanu

**Kulanu**, Hebrew: כולנו , meaning _All of Us_, was an Israeli political party.

## Overview

Its ideology was centrist social liberal, and Zionist. It was interested mainly with economic matters. Its political leaders were Yifat Shasha-Biton and then Moshe Kahlon.

Kulanu was founded as a branch of Likud in 2014 and rejoined Likud in July 2019. It participated in the Fourth Netanyahu Government with 10 seats, and since April 2019 with 4 seats.
Thirty-fourth government of Israel

The **thirty-fourth government of Israel** was installed on May 14, 2015 and ended on May 17, 2020. Prime minister was Likud politician Benjamin Netanyahu.

Participating parties (with seats in the 20th Knesset in brackets):
- HaLikud (Likud) (30)
- Kulanu (10)
- HaBayit HaYehudi (The Jewish Home) (8)
- Shas (7)
- Yahadut HaTorah (United Torah Judaism) (6)
- Yisrael Beiteinu (5)

The Fourth Netanyahu Government can be characterized as a right-wing government with a great religious contribution.

## Other websites

- Government 34, Knesset website
- Government 34, Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs website
Stan Collymore

**Stanley Victor** "**Stan**" **Collymore** (born 22 January 1971) is an English former footballer. He played as a centre-forward from 1990 to 2001. He played for Nottingham Forest, Liverpool and Aston Villa and the England national football team.

Collymore was born in Stone, Staffordshire. He has depression.

### Club

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|National cup|colspan="2"|League cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|Nottingham Forest|1993–94|First Division|||0|0|4|5|–|–|||||
|1994–95|Premier League|37|22|2|1|4|2|–|–|43|25|||||
|rowspan="3"|Liverpool|1995–96|Premier League|31|14|7|5|4|0|2|0|–|44|19||
|1996–97|Premier League|30|12|2|2|0|0|5|2|–|37|16||||
|rowspan="3"|Aston Villa|1997–98|Premier League|25|6|4|1|1|0|7|1|–|37|8||
|1998–99|Premier League|20|1|1|2|0|0|3|4|–|24|7||||
|Fulham (loan)|1999–2000|Championship|6|0|0|0|3|1|–|–|9|1||||
|rowspan="3"|Leicester City|1999–2000|Premier League|6|4|0|0|0|0|–|–|6|4|||
|2000–01|Premier League|5|1|0|0|0|0|1|0|–|6|1||||
|Bradford City|1999–2000|Premier League|7|2|0|0|1|0|–|–|8|2||||
|Real Oviedo|1999–2000|Primera División|3|0|0|0|–|–|–|3|0|||||

## Honours

**Individual**
- PFA Team of the Year: 1993–94 First Division
- Premier League Player of the Month: January 1996

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Stan Collymore
- **image**: Stan Collymore, July 2018-2.jpg
- **caption**: Collymore in 2018
- **fullname**: Stanley Victor Collymore
- **birth place**: Tittensor, Staffordshire, England
- **position**: Striker (association football), Striker
- **youthyears1**: 1987–1988
- **youthclubs1**: Walsall F.C., Walsall
- **youthyears2**: 1988–1989
- **youthclubs2**: Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C., Wolverhampton Wanderers
- **years1**: 1989–1990
- **clubs1**: Stafford Rangers F.C., Stafford Rangers
- **caps1**: 35
- **goals1**: 11
- **years2**: 1990–1992
- **clubs2**: Crystal Palace F.C., Crystal Palace
- **caps2**: 20
- **goals2**: 1
- **years3**: 1992–1993
- **clubs3**: Southend United F.C., Southend United
- **caps3**: 30
- **goals3**: 15
- **years4**: 1993–1995
- **clubs4**: Nottingham Forest F.C., Nottingham Forest
- **caps4**: 65
- **goals4**: 41
- **years5**: 1995–1997
- **clubs5**: Liverpool F.C., Liverpool
- **caps5**: 64
- **goals5**: 28
- **years6**: 1997–2000
- **clubs6**: Aston Villa F.C., Aston Villa
- **caps6**: 46
- **goals6**: 7
- **years7**: 1999
- **clubs7**: → Fulham F.C., Fulham (loan)
- **caps7**: 6
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 2000
- **clubs8**: Leicester City F.C., Leicester City
- **caps8**: 11
- **goals8**: 5
- **years9**: 2000–2001
- **clubs9**: Bradford City A.F.C., Bradford City
- **caps9**: 7
- **goals9**: 2
- **years10**: 2001
- **clubs10**: Real Oviedo
- **caps10**: 3
- **goals10**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 287
- **totalgoals**: 110
- **nationalyears1**: 1995–1997
- **nationalteam1**: England national football team, England
- **nationalcaps1**: 3
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Henri Pirenne

**Henri Pirenne** (December 23, 1862 in Verviers – October 25, 1935 in Uccle) was a Belgian historian and academic. Pirenne is considered as one of the most important historians of Belgium.

## Biography

He studied at the University of Liège and was a professor at the University of Ghent. His focus was on Medieval history, the history of Belgium and economic history.

He developed the so-called _Pirenne thesis_ (nowadays out of date) in his book _Mohammed and Charlemagne_ (published after his death in 1937). According to this opinion Mediterranean economics were disturbed by the early Islamic conquests and not by the barbarian invasions some centuries before.

Pirenne resisted the Dutchification of the University of Ghent. When this university had completely become Dutch-language spoken in 1930, he moved to the Brussels region where died in 1935, aged 72.

## Works

- Histoire de Belgique (7 volumes) (1899-1932)
- The Formation and Constitution of the Burgundian State (Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries), The American Historical Review (1909)
- Belgian Democracy, Its Early History (1910, 1915)
- The Stages in the Social History of Capitalism, The American Historical Review (1914)
- Medieval Cities: Their Origins and the Revival of Trade (1927)
- A History of Europe (1936)
- Economic and Social History of Medieval Europe (1936)
- Mohammed and Charlemagne (1937)
Alberto Zedda

**Alberto Zedda** (2 January 1928 – 6 March 2017) was an Italian conductor and musicologist. He was known for his work relating to the 19th-century Italian repertoire. He was born in Milan.

Zedda studied the works of Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, Gaetano Donizetti, Vincenzo Bellini, Giuseppe Verdi, and most notably Gioachino Rossini. He was known for his research on vocal ornamentation and his aim at authentic performing style.

Zedda died on 6 March 2017 in Pesaro, Italy, aged 89.

## More readings

- Roland Mancini & Jean-Jacques Rouveroux, _Le guide de l'opéra_, Fayard, 1986.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Alberto Zedda.jpg
- **caption**: Zedda in 1957
- **birth place**: Milan, Kingdom of Italy, Italy
- **occupation**: Conductor, musicologist
- **genre**: 19th-century Italian repertoire
- **death place**: Pesaro, Italy
Clara Hughes

**Clara Hughes**, OC OM MSC  was born on September 27, 1972 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. She is a Canadian cyclist and speed skater who has won more than one Olympic medals in both events. She won two bronze medals in the 1996 Summer Olympics and four medals (one gold, one silver, two bronze) over the course of three Winter Olympics. She is known as a Canadian with the most Olympic medals.

Hughes is one of the few athletes who have competed in both the Summer and Winter Olympic games. Hughes is the only person ever to have won multiple medals in the winter and summer Olympics. Hughes is also the only Canadian to have won medals in both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Hughes was the first Canadian woman to win a medal in road cycling at the Olympics, winning two in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.

Hughes was named to both the Order of Manitoba and as an Officer of the Order of Canada because of her work in sports and for the help she had given to others. She works with Right to Play, a sports program that helps youth all over the world. After winning her gold medal in 2006, she donated $10,000 to Right to Play.

Throughout her career, Hughes received many other awards and trophies. She was named Female Athlete of the Year by Speed Skating Canada in 2004 for the long track. In 2006 she received a Sport and Community Trophy. She was then named to the 2006 List of Most Influential Women in Sport and Physical Activity. In the summer of the year 2010, she would receive a star on the Canada's Walk of Fame and on November 15, 2010, she was put into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.

She works for the Bell **Let's Talk Mental Health** program, including Bell **Let's Talk Day**. Hughes uses her past problems with depression to help others. "Hughes battled deep depression, which [almost ruined] her life, after winning two bronze medals in cycling at the 1996 Olympics." Since 2013, Hughes has started yearly bike rides across Canada to talk about mental health. In 2015, the CTV-produced documentary **Clara's Big Ride** premiered on the fifth annual Bell Let's Talk Day. Her memoir, _Open Heart, Open Mind_, was published in 2015.
Anthony C. Beilenson

**Anthony Charles "Tony" Beilenson** (October 26, 1932 – March 5, 2017) was an American Democratic Congressman from Southern California. He served ten terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1997.

Beilenson was born in New Rochelle, New York. He studied at Harvard University. He was Jewish. Beilenson died on March 5, 2017 in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack, aged 84.
Lois Capps

**Lois Ragnhild Grimsrud Capps** (born January 10, 1938) was the U.S. Representative for , serving in Congress from 1998 to 2017. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

Capps served on the U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce, where she was a member of the Energy and Air Quality Subcommittee and the Subcommittee on Health. She was a member of the New Democrat Coalition.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lois Capps
- **image**: Lois Capps.jpg
- **state**: California
- **term start**: January 3, 2013
- **term end**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor**: Elton Gallegly
- **successor**: Salud Carbajal
- **state1**: California
- **term start1**: January 3, 2003
- **term end1**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor1**: Elton Gallegly
- **successor1**: Kevin McCarthy (California politician), Kevin McCarthy
- **state2**: California
- **term start2**: March 17, 1998
- **term end2**: January 3, 2003
- **predecessor2**: Walter Capps
- **successor2**: Bill Thomas
- **birth name**: Lois Ragnhild Grimsrud
- **birth place**: Ladysmith, Wisconsin, Ladysmith, Wisconsin, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Walter Capps
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: Pacific Lutheran University
Yale Divinity School, Yale University
Gevirtz Graduate School of Education, University of California, Santa Barbara
Jim Broyhill

**James Thomas "Jim" Broyhill** (August 19, 1927 – February 18, 2023) was a Republican former U.S. Representative and Senator from the state of North Carolina. He represented much of the Foothills region of the state in the House from 1963 to 1986, and served in the Senate for four months in 1986.

Broyhill died at a retirement home in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, on February 18, 2023, at the age of 95.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jim Broyhill
- **image**: James Broyhill.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **order**: United States Senator
from North Carolina
- **term start**: July 14, 1986
- **term end**: November 4, 1986
- **appointed**: James G. Martin
- **predecessor**: John P. East
- **successor**: Terry Sanford
- **order2**: Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina's North Carolina's 10th congressional district, 10th district
- **term start2**: January 3, 1969
- **term end2**: July 14, 1986
- **predecessor2**: Basil Whitener
- **successor2**: Cass Ballenger
- **order3**: Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina's North Carolina's 9th congressional district, 9th district
- **term start3**: January 3, 1963
- **term end3**: January 3, 1969
- **predecessor3**: Hugh Quincy Alexander
- **successor3**: Charles R. Jonas
- **birth place**: Lenoir, North Carolina, U.S.
- **death place**: Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Louise Broyhill
- **children**: 3
- **profession**: Businessman
- **education**: University of North Carolina
Maryon Pittman Allen

**Maryon Pittman Allen** (November 30, 1925 – July 23, 2018) was an American journalist. She served as United States Senator from Alabama for five months in 1978, after her husband, Senator James B. Allen, died in office.

Allen died on July 23, 2018 in Birmingham, Alabama at the age of 92.

## Early life

Maryon Pittman was born in Meridian, Mississippi, in 1925. Her family moved to Birmingham, Alabama, where her father opened a tractor dealership. She went to public school there. From 1944 to 1947, she studied journalism at the University of Alabama but did not finish. In 1946, she married Joshua Mullins, and they had three children. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1959 when the children were still young.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Maryon Pittman Allen
- **image**: Maryon pittman allen.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Alabama
- **term start**: June 8, 1978
- **term end**: November 7, 1978
- **predecessor**: James Allen (U.S. Senator), James Allen
- **successor**: Donald Stewart (Alabama), Donald Stewart
- **birth place**: Meridian, Mississippi, Meridian, Mississippi, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Joshua Mullins
James Allen (U.S. senator), James Allen
- **children**: 3
2 stepchildren
- **alma mater**: University of Alabama, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
Lauch Faircloth

**Duncan McLauchlin** "**Lauch**" **Faircloth** (January 14, 1928 – September 14, 2023) was an American politician and businessman. He served one term as a Republican U.S. Senator from North Carolina from January 3, 1993 through January 3, 1999. He lost re-election in 1998 to John Edwards.

Faircloth was born in Sampson County, North Carolina.

Faircloth died at his home in Clinton, North Carolina, on September 14, 2023, at the age of 95.

## Other websites

- Oral History Interviews with Lauch Faircloth http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/I-0069/menu.html, http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/I-0070/menu.html from Oral Histories of the American South

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Lauch Faircloth (R-NC).jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 1993
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: North Carolina
- **term start**: January 3, 1993
- **term end**: January 3, 1999
- **predecessor**: Terry Sanford
- **successor**: John Edwards
- **office2**: 5th North Carolina Department of Commerce, North Carolina Secretary of Commerce
- **governor2**: Jim Hunt
- **term start2**: 1977
- **term end2**: 1985
- **predecessor2**: Donald R. Beason
- **successor2**: Howard Haworth
- **birth name**: Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth
- **birth place**: Sampson County, North Carolina, U.S.
- **death place**: Clinton, North Carolina, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (1950–1990)
Republican Party (United States), Republican (1990–2023)
- **children**: 1
- **serviceyears**: 1954–1955
Joseph Tydings

**Joseph Davies Tydings** (May 4, 1928 – October 8, 2018) was a Democratic member of the United States Senate, representing the state of Maryland from 1965 to 1971.

Tydings was born in Asheville, North Carolina. Tydings moved to Maryland after he was adopted by Millard Tydings, U.S. Senator from Maryland. After serving in the military, he got his law degree at the University of Maryland and entered into practice.

He served in the Maryland House of Delegates from 1955 to 1961, and as United States Attorney from 1961 until his resignation in 1963 to run for Senate.

Tydings won election to the Senate in 1964. However, his controversial stances on gun control and crime in the District of Columbia cost him re-election in 1970. He made another attempt at his old seat in 1976, but was defeated in the Democratic primary election by Paul Sarbanes.

He later served as a member of the Board of Regents of the University of Maryland, College Park and the University System of Maryland.

Tydings died in Washington, D.C., from cancer on October 8, 2018, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Timeline and Career of Senator Joseph Tydings
Dick Clark (Iowa politician)

**Richard Clarence "Dick" Clark** (September 14, 1928 – September 20, 2023) was an American politician. He represented the state of Iowa in the United States Senate from 1973 to 1979. Clark was a member of the Democratic Party.

All throughout the campaign, polls showed Clark losing to Jack R. Miller by a large margin. An important part of Clark's campaign was his 1,300-mile walk across the state to gain publicity. This caused him to win the election in an upset.

Clark was a very liberal senator, consistently being ranked among the most liberal in the Senate throughout his one term tenure.

As senator, he served on the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on Environment and Public Works and the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship.

Clark was known for his efforts against the apartheid government in South Africa, his opponent, Roger Jepsen, called him "the Senator from Africa".

Clark was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He completed his BA in 1953 at Upper Iowa University and his Masters in 1956 at the University of Iowa.  He then became a professor at Upper Iowa University.

Clark died in his sleep on September 20, 2023 in Washington, D.C., six days after his 95th birthday.

## Other websites

- Congressional Biography
- Description of Dick Clark's papers at the University of Iowa

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Richard C. Clark
- **image**: Senator dick clark.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Iowa
- **term start**: January 3, 1973
- **term end**: January 3, 1979
- **predecessor**: Jack Miller (politician), Jack Miller
- **successor**: Roger Jepsen
- **birth place**: Cedar Rapids, Iowa, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **branch**: United States Army
- **serviceyears**: 1950–1952
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
Mehdi Mousavi

**Mehdi Mousavi**, also **Mehdi Moosavi**, (Farsi: مهدی موسوی)(born 1974, 1975, or 1976) is an Iranian poet. He is known for poems on social issues. Mousavi was arrested in 2013, along with poet Fatemeh Ekhtesari.  Mousavi was sentenced to nine years in prison plus 99 lashes. A group of poets signed a petition asking for his release.  Mousavi escaped from Iran in January 2016.

## Arrest

On December 6, 2013, Fatemeh Ekhtesari and Mehdi Moosavi had planned to travel to Turkey for a literary workshop, but they were stopped at the airport.  They were told they were under a travel ban, and their passports were confiscated.  A few hours later they disappeared and did not appear again until December 24, 2014, when it was known they were in Section 2A of Evin Prison.  Torture and other abuse of prisoners is common in the prison, which is controlled by the Intelligence Division of the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps.  On January 14, 2014, Ekhtesari and Mousavi were released on bail. Their lawyer said Moosavi was sentenced to six years in prison for "insulting the holy sanctities", three years for "storing tear gas", and 99 lashes for "illicit relations". The amount of the bail was 200 million tomans, or about US$60,000.

## Work

Mehdi Mousavi is known for his collections of poetry, and as a leader in the "Postmodern Ghazal" movement, a radical poetry movement that challenges religious traditions.  Many of his works were banned in Iran and distributed underground. The authorities refused publication of two of his collections, "Suddenly" and "Beeping for the Sheep". Some of Mousavi's lyrics have been performed by Shahin Najafi, an Iranian singer in exile.

Published works include:
- The Angels Have Committed Suicide (2002)
- I Only Publish These for You (2005)
- The Little Bird Was Neither a Bird nor Little (2010)

## Other websites

- Four Poems by Mehdi Mousavi
Paul Wellstone

**Paul David Wellstone** (July 21, 1944 – October 25, 2002) was an American academic and politician who represented Minnesota in the United States Senate from 1991 until he was killed in a plane crash in Eveleth, Minnesota in 2002.

A member of the Democratic Farmer-Labor Party, Wellstone was a leader of the progressive wing of the national Democratic Party.

## Other websites

- Wellstone Action political training centers

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birthname**: Paul David Wellstone
- **image name**: Paul Wellstone, official Senate photo portrait.jpg
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Minnesota
- **party**: Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, Democratic-Farmer-Labor
- **alma mater**: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- **term**: January 3, 1991 – October 25, 2002
- **preceded**: Rudy Boschwitz
- **succeeded**: Dean Barkley
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C.
- **death place**: Eveleth, Minnesota
- **spouse**: Sheila Wellstone (1944–2002)
- **children**: David Wellstone
Mark Wellstone
Marcia Wellstone (1969–2002)
Rudy Boschwitz

**Rudolph Ely "Rudy" Boschwitz** (born November 7, 1930) is a former American Independent-Republican United States Senator from Minnesota. He served in the Senate from December 1978 to January 1991. In his re-election campaign in 1990, he was defeated by Paul Wellstone.

Boschwitz was born in Berlin to a Jewish family. His family moved from Nazi Germany to New York City to escape the Nazis. He was raised in New Rochelle, New York. He studied at New York University. Boschwitz served in the United States Army from 1954 through 1955. He is married to Ellen Boschwitz.

Boshwitz now serves on the Board of Directors of the Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs, is an AIPAC Board Member, and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

## Other websites

- Rudy Boschwitz: An Inventory of His Papers at the Minnesota Historical Society
Mack Mattingly

**Mack Francis Mattingly** (born January 7, 1931) served one term as a United States senator from Georgia. He was the first Republican to serve in the U.S. Senate from that state since Reconstruction.

Mattingly was born in Anderson, Indiana. He studied at Indiana University.

In 1980, Mattingly unseated longtime Democratic Senator Herman Talmadge, which was seen as an historic political upset.
Tom Carper

**Thomas Richard** "**Tom**" **Carper** (born January 23, 1947) is an American politician who was the United States Senator from Delaware from 2001 to 2025.

A member of the Democratic Party, Carper served in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1993 and was the 71st Governor of Delaware from 1993 to 2001.

In May 2023, Carper announced that he would not run for re-election in the 2024 election.

## Other websites

- Senator Tom Carper  official U.S. Senate site
- Tom Carper for Senate

- Profile at Delaware’s Governors
- Profile at The Political Graveyard
- Board member profile  at Jobs for America’s Graduates
- Military profile at Experiencing War, Library of Congress

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tom Carper
- **image**: Tom Carper, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Delaware
- **term start**: January 3, 2001
- **term end**: January 3, 2025
- **predecessor**: William V. Roth, Jr., Bill Roth
- **successor**: Lisa Blunt Rochester
- **office1**: Ranking Member of the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, Senate Environment Committee
- **term start1**: January 3, 2017
- **term end1**: January 3, 2025
- **predecessor1**: Barbara Boxer
- **successor1**: Shelley Moore Capito
- **office2**: Chair of the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, Senate Homeland Security Committee
- **term start2**: January 3, 2013
- **term end2**: January 3, 2015
- **predecessor2**: Joe Lieberman
- **successor2**: Ron Johnson
- **order3**: 71st List of Governors of Delaware, Governor of Delaware
- **lieutenant3**: Ruth Ann Minner
- **term start3**: January 19, 1993
- **term end3**: January 3, 2001
- **predecessor3**: Dale E. Wolf, Dale Wolf
- **successor3**: Ruth Ann Minner
- **state4**: Delaware
- **term start4**: January 3, 1983
- **term end4**: January 3, 1993
- **predecessor4**: Thomas B. Evans, Jr., Thomas Evans
- **successor4**: Michael Castle
- **office5**: Treasurer of Delaware
- **governor5**: Pierre S. du Pont IV, Pete du Pont
- **term start5**: January 18, 1977
- **term end5**: January 3, 1983
- **predecessor5**: Mary Jornlin
- **successor5**: Janet Rzewnicki
- **birth name**: Thomas Richard Carper
- **birth place**: Beckley, West Virginia, Beckley, West Virginia, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Diane Isaacs
Martha Stacy
- **education**: Ohio State University
University of Delaware, University of Delaware, Newark
- **serviceyears**: 1968–1991
- **rank**:  Captain (United States O-6), Captain
- **unit**: Naval flight officer, Naval Flight Officer
United States Navy Reserve, Navy Reserve
- **battles**: Vietnam War
Chris Coons

**Christopher Andrew "Chris" Coons** (born September 9, 1963) is the senior United States Senator from Delaware and a member of the Democratic Party.

Coons won a special election in 2010 to succeed Ted Kaufman, who had been appointed to the seat when Joe Biden resigned to become the vice president of the United States.

## Other websites

- Senator Chris Coons official U.S. Senate site
- Chris Coons for Senate

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Chris Coons
- **image**: Chris Coons, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Delaware
- **alongside**: Lisa Blunt Rochester
- **term start**: November 15, 2010
- **predecessor**: Ted Kaufman
- **office1**: Vice Chair of the United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics, Senate Ethics Committee
- **term start1**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Barbara Boxer
- **office2**: County Executive of New Castle County, Delaware, New Castle County
- **term start2**: January 4, 2005
- **term end2**: November 15, 2010
- **predecessor2**: Thomas P. Gordon, Thomas Gordon
- **successor2**: Paul Clark
- **office3**: President of the New Castle County, Delaware, New Castle County Council
- **term start3**: January 2, 2001
- **term end3**: January 4, 2005
- **predecessor3**: Stephanie Hansen
- **successor3**: Paul Clark
- **birth name**: Christopher Andrew Coons
- **birth place**: Greenwich, Connecticut, Greenwich, Connecticut, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Amherst College
Yale University
Alojz Benac

**Alojz Benac** (Plehan, Derventa, October 20, 1914 – Sarajevo, March 6, 1992). was a Bosnia-Herzegovinian archaeologist and historian.

He worked in the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1947 to 1967 (in the role of Director from 1957 to 1967). He then left to assume a professorship in archaeology and ancient history in the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Sarajevo (1968–78). He later became the founder and first Director of the Centre for Balkan Studies, within the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ANUBiH), of which he was General Secretary from 1971 to 1977 and President from 1977 to 1981

Benac focused his research on prehistory within the Western Balkans, and undertook numerous systematic archaeological excavations on sites including Arnautovići (Visoko), Crvena Stijena (Montenegro), Hrustovača in Hrustovo (Sanski Most), Obre I and II (Kakanj), Zecovi (Prijedor), Zelena Pećina in Blagaj (Mostar) and others.

## Related pages

- List of scientists from Europe

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Alojz Benac
- **image size**: 250
- **birth place**: Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austro-Hungary
- **death place**: Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia
- **field**: Archaeology
- **work institution**: University of SarajevoAcademy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- **alma mater**: University of BelgradeLjubljana University
- **known for**: Research on Prehistory of the BalkansDirector of Centre for Balkan Studies, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brian Schatz

**Brian Emanuel Schatz** (pronounced ; born October 20, 1972) is an American politician. He is the senior United States Senator for Hawaii. Schatz was appointed by Governor Neil Abercrombie to replace Senator Daniel Inouye after his death in 2012.

Schatz served in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1998 to 2006, where he represented the 25th Legislative District and was chairman of the Democratic Party of Hawaii from 2008 to 2010. He also worked as chief executive officer of Helping Hands Hawaii, an Oahu nonprofit social service agency.

Schatz ran for Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii in the 2010 Hawaii gubernatorial election as the running mate of Neil Abercrombie. He served as lieutenant governor until December 26, 2012, when Abercrombie appointed Schatz to serve out Daniel Inouye's U.S. Senate term until the 2014 special election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Brian Schatz
- **image**: Brian Schatz, official portrait, 113th Congress 2.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Hawaii
- **alongside**: Mazie Hirono
- **term start**: December 26, 2012
- **predecessor**: Daniel Inouye
- **office1**: 11th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
- **governor1**: Neil Abercrombie
- **term start1**: December 6, 2010
- **term end1**: December 26, 2012
- **predecessor1**: Duke Aiona
- **successor1**: Shan Tsutsui
- **office2**: Chair of the Democratic Party of Hawaii, Hawaii Democratic Party
- **term start2**: May 2008
- **term end2**: January 2010
- **predecessor2**: Jeani Withington
- **successor2**: Dante Carpenter
- **state house3**: Hawaii
- **district3**: 25th
- **term start3**: November 3, 2002
- **term end3**: November 7, 2006
- **predecessor3**: Kenneth Hiraki
- **successor3**: Della Au Belatti
- **state house4**: Hawaii
- **district4**: 24th
- **term start4**: November 3, 1998
- **term end4**: November 3, 2002
- **predecessor4**: Sam Aiona
- **successor4**: Kirk Caldwell
- **birth name**: Brian Emanuel Schatz
- **birth place**: Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Linda Kwok Kai Yun
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Pomona College
Joe Donnelly

**Joseph Simon "Joe" Donnelly, Sr.** (born September 29, 1955) is an American politician. Donnelly was the United States Ambassador to the Holy See from 2022 to 2024. He was the United States Senator from Indiana. He is a member of the Democratic Party, Donnelly was in the Senate from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2019.

In November 2018, Donnelly was defeated by Republican businessman Mike Braun.

In October 2021, President Joe Biden announced he would nominate Donnelly to be the U.S. Ambassador to the Vatican (Holy See). The United States Senate approved his nomination by a voice vote on January 20, 2022. On May 30, 2024, he announced that he would be stepping down from the post, effective July 8, 2024.

## Other websites

- Senator Joe Donnelly  official U.S. Senate site
- Joe Donnelly for Senate

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Joe Donnelly
- **image**: Joe Donnelly, U.S. Ambassador.jpg
- **office**: List of ambassadors of the United States to the Holy See, United States Ambassador to the Holy See
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: April 11, 2022
- **term end**: July 8, 2024
- **predecessor**: Callista Gingrich
- **successor**: TBD
- **jr/sr1**: Former United States Senator
- **state1**: Indiana
- **term start1**: January 3, 2013
- **term end1**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Richard Lugar
- **successor1**: Mike Braun
- **state2**: Indiana
- **term start2**: January 3, 2007
- **term end2**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor2**: Chris Chocola
- **successor2**: Jackie Walorski
- **birth name**: Joseph Simon Donnelly
- **birth place**: Massapequa, New York, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 2
- **education**: University of Notre Dame (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Juris Doctor, JD)