juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Vancouver Warriors

The **Vancouver Warriors** is a professional box lacrosse team. It plays in the West Division of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). It is based in Vancouver, British Columbia. The team plays its home games in Rogers Arena. The team was announced on June 27, 2013. They started playing in the 2014 season.

The team was previously known as the Albany Attack from the 2000 season until the 2003 season. Later they played as the San Jose Stealth from the 2004 season until the 2009 season. They were the Washington Stealth from the 2010 season until the 2013 season.

On September 21, 2018, the team was renamed the Vancouver Warriors and were given a black and gold theme.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (hockey team)

- **team**: Vancouver Warriors
- **colour**: black
- **colour text**: gold
- **logosize**: 200px
- **city**: Vancouver, British Columbia
- **league**: National Lacrosse League
- **division**: Western
- **founded**: 2014 NLL season, 2014
- **arena**: Rogers Arena
- **colours**: Gold, white, black
- **owner**: Canucks Sports & Entertainment
- **gm**: Dwight Maetche
- **coach**: Troy Cordingley
- **name1**: Albany Attack
- **dates1**: 2000 NLL season, 2000–2003 NLL season, 2003
- **name2**: San Jose Stealth
- **dates2**: 2004 NLL season, 2004–2009 NLL season, 2009
- **name3**: Washington Stealth
- **dates3**: 2010 NLL season, 2010–2013 NLL season, 2013
- **name4**: Vancouver Stealth
- **dates4**: 2014 NLL season, 2014-2017 NLL season, 2017
Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)

The **Township of Langley** is a district municipality immediately east of the city of Surrey in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is south of the Fraser River and west of Abbotsford. It is part of Metro Vancouver.

It was started in 1827 as Fort Langley as a trading post. The Fraser Canyon Gold Rush in 1858 brought more settlers into the area. The Township of Langley was incorporated on April 26, 1873.

Neighborhoods within Langley include Aldergrove, Brookswood, Fernridge, Fort Langley, Milner, Murrayville, Willoughby, and Walnut Grove.

Trinity Western University and a Kwantlen Polytechnic University campus are located in Langley.

The Vancouver Giants of the Western Hockey League (WHL) and the Vancouver Bandits of the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL) both play at the Langley Events Centre. Vancouver FC of the Canadian Premier League (CPL) play in Willoughby at Willoughby Community Park Stadium.

## Other websites

- Official website
Metro Vancouver

**Metro Vancouver** is a regional district in British Columbia, Canada. It was created in 1966. For 40 years it was called "The Greater Vancouver Regional District", but now it is called "Metro Vancouver". Metro Vancouver is the political entity of the metropolitan area of Greater Vancouver.

The regional district includes 22 municipalities, one electoral area and one treaty First Nation. The district covers 2,877.36 square kilometres (1,111 square miles). Metro Vancouver administers several services common to the local government units, such as utilities.

About half of households in Metro Vancouver live in strata-titled properties.

## Membership

This regional district comprises 23 local authorities as members: 21 municipalities, one electoral area and one treaty First Nation.

|Member|Census subdivision|Population (2021)|Population (2016)|% change (2016–2021)|2021 provincial rank|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Anmore|Village|2,356|2,210|+6.6%|185th|
|Belcarra|Village|687|643|+6.8%|301st|
|Bowen Island|Island municipality|4,256|3,680|+15.7%|118th|
|Burnaby|City|249,125|232,755|+7.0%|3rd|
|Coquitlam|City|148,625|139,284|+6.7%|6th|
|Delta|City|108,455|102,238|+6.1%|10th|
|City of Langley|City|28,963|25,888|+11.9%|30th|
|Township of Langley|District municipality|132,603|117,285|+13.1%|8th|
|Lions Bay|Village|1,390|1,334|+4.2%|251st|
|Maple Ridge|City|90,990|82,256|+10.6%|15th|
|Metro Vancouver A|Regional district electoral area|18,612|16,133|+15.4%|39th|
|New Westminster|City|78,916|70,996|+11.2%|17th|
|City of North Vancouver|City|58,120|52,898|+9.9%|20th|
|District of North Vancouver|District municipality|88,168|85,649|+2.9%|16th|
|Pitt Meadows|City|19,146|18,573|+3.1%|37th|
|Port Coquitlam|City|61,498|58,612|+4.9%|19th|
|Port Moody|City|33,535|33,551|±0.0%|28th|
|Richmond|City|209,937|198,309|+5.9%|4th|
|Surrey|City|568,322|517,887|+9.7%|2nd|
|Tsawwassen|First Nation|2,256|816|+176.5%|191st|
|Vancouver|City|662,248|631,486|+4.9%|1st|
|West Vancouver|District municipality|44,122|42,473|+3.9%|23rd|
|White Rock|City|21,939|19,952|+10.0%|33rd|
|**Metro Vancouver**|**2,642,825**|**2,463,431**|**+7.3%**|**–**||
|style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaecf0" colspan="6"|**Source:** Statistics Canada|||||
United Church of Canada

The **United Church of Canada** is the largest Protestant Christian denomination in Canada, and the second largest Canadian Christian denomination after the Roman Catholic Church. It was started in 1925 when four Canadian churches decided to merge: the Methodist Church of Canada, the Congregational Union of Ontario and Quebec, two-thirds of the congregations of the Presbyterian Church in Canada, and the Association of Local Union Churches. In 1968, the Canadian branch of the Evangelical United Brethren Church decided to join the United Church of Canada.
Presbyterian Church in Canada

The **Presbyterian Church in Canada** is a Protestant Christian denomination in Canada. Presbyterian churches in Canada were started in the late 16th century by Scottish and French Huguenots immigrants. These churches became orgainized into four denominations in the early 1800s. The four denominations merged in 1875 as the Presbyterian Church in Canada. It became one of the largets Protestant denominations in English-speaking Canada by the early 20th century. In 1925, 70% of the Presbyterian congregations merged into the United Church of Canada. The Presbyterians who did not join in the union continued using the name Presbyterian Church in Canada.

## Other articles

- List of Presbyterian denominations in North America
Canadian Conference of Mennonite Brethren Churches

The **Canadian Conference of Mennonite Brethren Churches** is a Protestant Christian denomination in Canada. It connects 250 Mennonite congregations across the country.
ProtonMail

**Proton Mail** is an email service founded in 2013. Proton Mail can encrypt users' emails, making them impossible to read to anyone without an encryption password. Proton Mail exists partly in response to news about surveillance done by the National Security Agency.
Proton Mail is run in Switzerland, where the United States does not have legal jurisdiction. They have run a successful campaign to raise money from donations.

## Other websites

- Proton Mail Website
Dravidian peoples

The **Dravidian peoples** are an ethnolinguistic group who speak the Dravidian languages.

## Ancient Dravidians and origin

According to scientists and historians, the Dravidian people are descendants of _Neolithic West Asian farmers from Iran_ which conquered and largely displaced the outnumbered native hunter gatherers of India. Dravidians are linked to the neolithic Zagros Mountain farmers, and this West Asian population forms the main ancestor of modern South Asians.

A genetic and biogeographical study (Das et al. 2016) concluded that Dravidian peoples belong to the Caucasoid race. According to the study, these proto-Dravidians migrated into India around 8,000 years ago from a region later known as Elam in modern day Iran. The authors suggest that this results support the Elamo-Dravidian hypothesis.

The Indus Valley civilization is suggested to be of Dravidian origin. Genetic tests show that the ancient Indus Valley Civilization was predominantly of neolithic Zagros mountain farmers ancestry (98%) and this ancestry component is linked to early Dravidians.

## Today

Today there are around 220 million Dravidian speakers worldwide. Most live in South India. Others live in parts of Central India, Eastern India, Bangladesh, Southern Pakistan, Sri Lanka the Maldives and Nepal. The biggest groups of Dravidians are the Tamil people, Telugu people, Kannada people, and the Malayali people. Smaller Dravidian communities with 1–5 million speakers are the Tulu people, Gondi people and Brahui people in Pakistan and Afghanistan.

## List of Dravidian people

|data-sort-type="text"|Name||Country|data-sort-type="number"|Population||Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Brahuis|,|4,873,000|Brahuis belong to the north-Dravidian subgroup.The majority are found in Baluchistan, Pakistan, with smaller amounts in Southwestern Afghanistan.|||||
|Kannadigas|,|36.9 million|Kannadigas belong to the south-Dravidian subgroup. Kannadigas are native to Karnataka, parts of northern Kerala,parts of southern Maharashtra, and northwest region of Tamil Nadu, India.|||||
|Malayalis|,,|38 million|Malayalis belong to south-Dravidian linguistic subgroup. Native to Kerala, southwestern Tamil Nadu, and Southern Karnataka.|||||
|Tamils|,|75 million|They belong to south-Dravidian linguistic subgroup. Tamils are native to Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, parts of Kerala, southern Andhra Pradesh, southern Karnataka and Sri Lanka.|||||
|Telugus|, ,,|74 million|They belong to the central/north Dravidian subgroup. Telugus are native to Andhra Pradesh, Telangana.|||||
|Tuluvas||2,000,000 (approx)|They belong to the south Dravidian subgroup, and are found in coastal Karnataka and northern Kerala (alternatively named Tulu Nadh).|||||
Mountain gazelle

The **mountain gazelle** (_Gazella gazella_) is a species of gazelle. It lives in Israel, Palestine, the Golan Heights, and Turkey   It lives in mountains, foothills, and coastal plains. It is the National animal of Israel.

## Description

Mountain gazelles are one of the few mammals, where the male and female have horns. Males have bigger horns with rings around them. Females also have horns, but they are thinner and shorter. Mountain gazelles are sexually dimorphic, which means that males are larger than females. Male can weigh from 17–29.5 kg. Females can weigh 16–25 kg. Mountain gazelles can run up to 80 km/h (50 mph).

## Habitat

Gazelles have adapted to live in dry, desert-like places. They spend most of their time at the top of mountains and hills. Mountain gazelles prefer to sleep on the tops of hills or mountains to avoid the heat in the day. Around dawn and dusk, they will be found leaving the hills to eat in light forests, fields, or desert plateaus.

## Feeding

It is a grazing species, though this varies with the amount of food available. They can survive for a long time without a source of water. During that time, they get freshwater from succulent plants and dew from plants.
Charles R. Larson

**Charles Robert Larson** (November 20, 1936 – July 26, 2014) was an American four-star Admiral of the United States Navy.

A 1958 graduate of the United States Naval Academy, Larson twice served as Superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland.  He also served as Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Command (CINCPAC).

Larson died in his home in Annapolis, Maryland, after a two-year battle with leukemia at the age of 77.

## Other websites

- ViaGlobal Group official website

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Charles R. Larson
- **birth place**: Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- **death place**: Annapolis, Maryland
- **placeofburial label**: Place of burial
- **image**: Adm Charles R Larson - official portrait, Superintendent of US Naval Academy.jpg
- **caption**: Admiral Charles Larson as superintendent of the US Naval Academy
- **allegiance**: United States, United States of America
- **branch**: United States Navy
- **serviceyears**: 1958–1998
- **rank**: Admiral
- **commands**: Superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy
U.S. Pacific Command
- **unit**: (XO)
 (CO)
Commander, Submarine Development Group One
- **awards**: Defense Distinguished Service Medal
Navy Distinguished Service Medal (7)
Legion of Merit (3)
Bronze Star Medal, Bronze Star
Presidential Service Badge
- **laterwork**: Board of Directors, Northrop Grumman
Political candidate
Paul Schell

**Paul Schell** (**Paul Schlachtenhaufen**; October 8, 1937 – July 27, 2014) was an American politician. He served as the 50th Mayor of Seattle, Washington. He served as mayor from 1998 to 2002.

Schell died at the Swedish Medical Center in Seattle, Washington.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Paul Schell
- **image**: Seattle Mayor Paul Schell, 1999.jpg
- **caption**: Paul Schell, 1999
- **office**: 50th List of Mayors of Seattle, Mayor of Seattle
- **term start**: January 1, 1998
- **term end**: January 1, 2002
- **predecessor**: Norm Rice
- **successor**: Greg Nickels
- **birth name**: Paul Schlachtenhaufen
- **birth place**: Fort Dodge, Iowa
- **death place**: Seattle, Washington (state), Washington
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **alma mater**: University of Iowa
Columbia Law School
- **profession**: lawyer, urban planner, real estate developer
Dark Horse (song)

**"Dark Horse"** is a song by American singer Katy Perry from her fourth studio album, _Prism_.  The song features American rapper Juicy J.  "Dark Horse" was originally released as a promotional single from _Prism_. After its unexpected success, it was released as the album's third single on December 17, 2013.  "Dark Horse" became Perry's ninth number-one single in the United States. It was also number one in Canada.  The song reached number four in the United Kingdom.

On the year-end charts, "Dark Horse" was the second-best performing song of 2014 in the US.  It was number 6 in Canada at the end of the year.  In the UK, it was number 20 on the end-of-year chart.

"Dark Horse" was certified Diamond (10× Platinum) in the United States for sales and streams equal to 10 million copies sold.  It was nominated for the Best Pop Duo/Group Performance award at the 57th Grammy Awards.

## Background

The song is a hip hop and trap song. It is three minutes and thirty-five seconds long.

## Music video

The music video shows Perry and Juicy J in an Egyptian setting. Katy Perry is shown as an Egyptian queen. She appears to zap any man who doesn't please her. She changes costumes many times in the video.

On August 24, 2014, the video won Best Female Video at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards.

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from _Prism_ album liner notes.

- Katy Perry – lead vocals, backing vocals, songwriter
- Juicy J – featured vocals, backing vocals, songwriter
- Sarah Hudson – songwriter
- Dr. Luke – producer, songwriter
- Max Martin – producer, songwriter
- Cirkut – producer, songwriter

## Formats and track listings

- **Digital download – Japan version**
1. "Dark Horse" (featuring TEE) – 3:35

- **CD single**
1. "Dark Horse" – 3:35
1. "Dark Horse" (Johnson Somerset Remix) – 9:01

## Other websites

- Comparison of "Dark Horse" with Flame's "Joyful Noise"

## Infobox (single)

- **name**: Dark Horse
- **type**: Single
- **artist**: Katy Perry featuring Juicy J
- **album**: Prism (album), _Prism_
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **chronology**: Katy Perry
- **prev title**: Unconditionally
- **prev year**: 2013
- **title**: Dark Horse
- **released**: December 17, 2013
- **length**: 3:35
- **year**: 2013
- **next title**: Birthday (song), Birthday
- **next year**: 2014
Unconditionally

**"Unconditionally"** is a song by American pop singer-songwriter Katy Perry. It was the second single from her fourth studio album, _Prism_, and it appears as the fifth track from that album.  The song is a pop rock and power pop song. It is about a woman not wanting anything more from her lover than he already gives.  She will love him no matter what.

## Music video

It begins with Perry, sitting on the ground while mouthing the lyrics of the song and staring at the viewer. As she finishes the first verse, the camera shifts to a ballroom, in which elegantly-dressed dancers start to dance. The song's chorus kicks in, and Perry is now found in the ballroom, in the middle of all the dancers. As the second verse begins, she has an owl on her arm, which she lets go and flies. The bird represents "something strong, free [and] powerful", according to Bonacorso, who added: "She lets it go into the world[,] and that literally [means] letting this force within her go wild. That's an important part of love[,] is that you have to let it go." The video also shows Perry, with a golden dress and cross-shaped earrings, with flames on her body. By the second repetition of the chorus, a bed gets lit on fire, which the director included to refer to love that "can burn you like an inferno". As the song reaches its climax, Perry gets hit by a car, with tiny broken debris from it shattering behind her, while she remains stationary and unharmed. This scene symbolizes the experience of true love, that changes "your world" and "hits you out of the blue". This scene cuts back to the ballroom, where Perry is surrounded by a similar explosion of "colorful" flowers, which is used to contrast the more violent nature of falling in love and the softer part of it, the "joyful and wonderful" feelings.

## Credits and personnel

- Vocals: Katy Perry
- Songwriting: Katy Perry, Lukasz Gottwald, Max Martin, Henry Walter
- Production: Dr. Luke, Max Martin, Cirkut
Credits adapted from _Prism_ album liner notes.

## Track listing

- **CD**
1. "Unconditionally" – 3:48
1. "Unconditionally" (instrumental) – 3:48
Soccer kick

A **soccer kick**, also known as a **soccer ball kick**, is a kick that is close to kicks used in association football. It is the  term for a kick performed against a kneeling, rising or on the ground opponent by a fighter who is in a standing or semi-standing position, mostly to the head of the opponent on the ground. The soccer kick was used in the first match of the Ultimate Fighting Championship at UFC 1 in 1993. Gerard Gordeau used a soccer kick to win the match against Teila Tuli. The soccer kick also knocked out some of Tuli's teeth.
Tertiary source

A **tertiary source** (also called thirdhand) is an index or a summary of primary and secondary sources. In research, tertiary sources are used as a guide to help find primary and secondary sources of information. Tertiary sources are very useful to find search terms for online literary searches. While tertiary sources are easy to find they are usually not considered useful for college-level research projects.

## Examples

Some examples of tertiary sources are encyclopedias, dictionaries, newspapers and Magazines. Encyclopedias are useful to gain a general overview of a subject. At best they are a starting point in doing research. They are useful to gain an immediate understanding of otherwise unfamiliar subjects. Encyclopedias, however, are not usually a reliable source for the details of a subject. As your research progresses they should be replaced with secondary or primary sources. Newspapers and magazines should be used with some caution. Some are reliable but many tend to misrepresent or oversimplify research reported in secondary sources.

## Secondary or tertiary?

The distinction between sources can be relative to a specific field of study. In some academic disciplines the distinction between a secondary and tertiary source can sometimes be confusing. Almanacs, fact books and handbooks can at times be considered tertiary while at other times secondary sources. Some manuals and textbooks would be considered tertiary sources while others would be secondary sources. Many of these sources have to be evaluated or vetted to determine which they are. Another view taken by the Purdue University guide (_Writing a research paper_, 2010) refers to the "distance" a source is from the original research. A primary source _is_ the research; the raw data. A secondary source reports on primary sources and includes interpretation (or explanations), analysis and commentary. A tertiary source is the furthest from the original research. In most cases their purpose is to provide a general introduction to a topic. In many scholarly fields, tertiary sources are not used for research.

## Related pages

- Primary source
- Secondary source
- Research
- Source text
Potato blight

**Potato blight** is a type of fungal disease. One well known example of potato blight was the disease which caused the Irish potato famine of 1845 to 1852, and the 1846 Highland potato famines.

The disease caused lots of famine. It was caused by an oomycete _Phytophthora infestans_. The oomycetes or water moulds are similar to fungi, but they are in a different Kingdom.

## Overview

_Phytophthora infestans_ in Ireland caused over one million to starve to death and another two million people to move from affected countries. During the 1840s the blight damaged crops in Scotland and Europe also. It was the only important cash crop in Ireland, which explains its greater effect there. Also, most of the Irish crop was one variety, the Irish Lumper.

The first recorded instances of the disease were in the United States, in Philadelphia and New York City in early 1843. It crossed the Atlantic Ocean with a shipment of seed potatoes for Belgian farmers in 1845.  All of the potato-growing countries in Europe were affected, but the potato blight hit Ireland the hardest.   The lack of genetic variability created a susceptible host population for the organism.

## Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering for resistant cultivars is developing.  A resistance gene effective against most known strains of blight has been found in a wild relative of the potato. It is introduced by genetic engineering into cultivated varieties of potato.
'Splosion Man

***Splosion Man*** (originally Explosion Man) is a 2009 platform videogame developed by Beard, Inc and Twisted Pixel Games for the Xbox 360 arcade system.

In 2011 a sequel was released: Ms.Splosion Man, equally for Xbox 360 Arcade System.

## Plot

The game tells the story of 'Splosion Man, being able to explode, who must defeat three difficult bosses.
Compendium

A **compendium** (plural: compendia) is a collection of information on a particular topic. The amount of information is usually short but detailed. A compendium will often summarize a larger work, putting it into fewer words. It is usually not intended to be read from beginning to end. Instead a compendium is used to look up facts. It is very often called a reference work

The word compendium comes from the Latin word "compenso". It means "to weigh together or balance". The Internet has large numbers of compendia in the form of databases. Searching a database make it very easy to find facts and information. This is causing concern that print compendia (in the form of books) may eventually go away.

## Examples

One example would be the _Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church_. It is organized into 598 questions and answers which summarize the teachings of the Catholic Faith.

The Bible is another example of a compendium. It is a group of many books put together to form the Old Testament and the New Testament.

Bartlett's Familiar Quotations is a compendium of wise sayings by famous people.

## Related pages

- Compilation
- Abstract
- Epitome
- Text corpus

## Other websites

- A compendia of compendium
Sony Corporation of America

**Sony Corporation of America** is the American subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. The company is in charge of Sony's business in the United States.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Sony Corporation of America
- **logo**: Sony logo.svg
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **founder**: Akio Morita
- **hq location**: Metropolitan Life North Building, 25 Madison Avenue
- **hq location city**: New York City
- **hq location country**: U. S.
- **num employees**: 33,234
- **parent**: Sony, Sony Group Corporation
- **subsid**: Sony Entertainment
Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation
Sony Mobile Communications
Bonnie McKee

**Bonnie Leigh McKee** (born January 20, 1984) is an American actress and a singer-songwriter. Her first studio album, _Trouble_, was released in 2004. She released the lead single "American Girl" from her yet untitled second album in 2013.

McKee has worked on albums and songs released by Katy Perry. She has also written for Avril Lavigne, Kesha and Miranda Cosgrove.

McKee was born in Vacaville, California
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment

**Sony Pictures Home Entertainment** (abbreviated as **SPHE**) is the home video distribution division of Sony Pictures Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Entertainment.

## Overview

The company is responsible for the distribution of the Sony Pictures library for home entertainment. It mainly releases from the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group which consists of Columbia Pictures, TriStar Pictures, Sony Pictures Classics, and Screen Gems. It also releases productions from Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions (Triumph Films, Destination Films, Stage 6 Films and Affirm Films).

SPHE also releases and distributes products from Revolution Studios and The Criterion Collection. Since June 20, 2007, SPHE has handled distribution of children's content formerly handled by Sony BMG's Sony Wonder label.

In 2024, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment began to release Disney titles on home video after Disney closed down it's own home video business.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Inc.
- **logo**:
- **logo caption**: Logo since 2004
- **former name**: Columbia Pictures Home Entertainment (1978–1982)
RCA/Columbia Pictures International Video (1981–1991)
RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video (1982–1991)
Columbia TriStar Home Video (1991–2001)
Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment (2001–2004)
- **type**: Division (business), Division
- **industry**: Home Entertainment
- **fate**: Physical media operations transferred to Universal Pictures Home Entertainment#Studio Distribution Services, LLC, Studio Distribution Services
- **founded**: ; Burbank, California, United States
- **hq location**: Sony Pictures Studios, 10202 West Washington Boulevard
- **hq location city**: Culver City, California, Culver City
- **hq location country**: United States
- **key people**: Keith LeGoy (President (corporate title), President)
- **products**: DVD
Blu-ray
Electronic sell-through, EST
Video on-demand, VOD
- **services**: Digital & physical distribution
- **parent**: Columbia Pictures (1978–1991)
RCA (1982–1991)
Sony Pictures, Sony Pictures Entertainment (1991–present)
- **subsid**: Sony Pictures Kids Zone
Kartoon Studios (equity stake)
Big Picture Productions (Iberia)
CBS/Fox Video

**CBS Video Enterprises**, referred to as **CBS Video** was a home video company that was formed in 1975 by the Columbia Broadcasting System. Its CBS shows, Cinema Center Films and CBS Theatrical Films movies, CBS Music Video releases on videocassette and LaserDisc. In 1979, it teamed up with MGM to form MGM/CBS Home Video to create MGM films and shorts on videocassette and laserdisc. In 1982, United Artists was acquired by MGM and renamed to MGM/UA Home Video and merged with 20th Century Fox Video to form CBS/Fox Video. In 1990, it was reverted to CBS Video and in 1991, it was renamed to Fox Video, alternating with CBS/Fox name until 1998. In 1999, CBS created **CBS DVD** for DVD releases of CBS shows and films. In 2009, CBS Video and CBS DVD changed its name to CBS Home Entertainment to create new releases of shows and films on DVD and Blu-ray.

**The CBS/Fox Company**, or **CBS/Fox Video** was formed in 1982 when CBS formed a 50-50 venture with 20th Century Fox. In 1985 CBS/Fox got the North American rights to most of the film library of the British Broadcasting Corporation. In 1990 they had 6.5% of the market for home videos. Their revenues were about $249 million. CBS and 20th Century Fox also changed their roles in CBS/Fox. In 1998 CBS/Fox Video became a part of 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.

Playhouse Video was a sub-label of CBS/Fox Video. A series of Mr. Rogers programs was released under the Playhouse label beginning in 1986.
20th Century Fox Home Entertainment

**20th Century Studios Home Entertainment** was established in 1976 as Magnetic Video Corporation. It was also known as 20th Century Fox Video, **CBS/Fox Video** and Fox Video. The company is best known for distributing the two highest-grossing movies of all time, _Titanic_ and _Avatar_. **CBS/Fox** became **Fox Video** in 1991. It still used the CBS/Fox name until 1998. It was renamed as 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment in 1995. It also used the Fox Video name until 1999. Since 2019, Disney owns 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. In 2024, Disney closed down the division in favor of Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.

## Before 1982: Magnetic Video Corporation

Magnetic Video Corporation was an American home video/audio duplication service established in 1968 by Andre Blay and based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, was the first company to release theatrical motion pictures to home video for consumers in 1976. In 1979, Fox purchased Magnetic Video from Blay, reincorporating it as "20th Century Fox Video" in 1982. It is currently known as "20th Century Home Entertainment" since 2020.
Third sex

**Third sex** (or **third gender**) mean people who are seen as neither man nor woman. It can also mean the social category in societies who recognize three or more genders. The term "third" is usually understood to mean "other".

## Related page

- Non-binary gender
MGM Home Entertainment

**MGM Home Entertainment** is a home entertainment company formed in 1998 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was the successor to MGM/UA Home Video. MGM Home Entertainment released MGM and UA movies, and TV shows on VHS, later laserdisc and DVD.

In 2005, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment started a distribution deal with MGM Home Entertainment. The following year, Sony ended the deal and MGM signed a new distribution deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. As a result, MGM Home Entertainment became a separate entity from Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
Bacon Deluxe

The **Bacon Deluxe** is a burger sandwich made by Wendy's restaurants. It is topped with four strips of smoked bacon. The double burger order has two beef patties, four strips of bacon, American cheese, ketchup and mayo. While the triple burger order has three beef patties, topped with four strips of bacon, American cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion and dill pickle with ketchup and mayo. The Bacon Deluxe was launched with an widespread media campaign and was priced at $3.99 for a single, $4.99 for a double and $5.99 for a triple. It is being launched alongside another Wendy's bacon sandwich: the Baconator.

## Other websites

- Bacon Deluxe on Wendy's
Margot Adler

**Margot Adler** (April 16, 1946 – July 28, 2014) was an American author, journalist, lecturer, Wiccan priestess and radio journalist. She was a New York correspondent for National Public Radio (NPR).

Adler died from endometrial cancer in her New York City home, aged 68.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Margot Adler
- **image**: Margot-adler-2004.jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Margot Adler in 2004
- **birth place**: Little Rock, Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Author; Journalist; Lecturer; Wiccan Priestess
Barbara Seaman

**Barbara Seaman** (born **Barbara Ann Rosner**; September 11, 1935 – February 27, 2008) was an American author, activist, and journalist. She was a principal founder of the women's health feminism movement.

Seaman died from lung cancer in Manhattan, New York, aged 73.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Barbara Seaman
- **image size**: 200px
- **birth name**: Barbara Ann Rosner
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York (state), New York
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York
- **occupation**: Activism, Activist, author, Journalism, journalist
- **years active**: 1950–2008
Sarah Jacobson

**Sarah Jacobson** (August 25, 1971, Norwalk, Connecticut – February 13, 2004 New York City) was an American independent filmmaker who wrote, produced, and filmed her own movies. She was known for her work _Mary Jane's Not a Virgin Anymore_.

Jacobson died from endometrial cancer in New York City, aged 32.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sarah Jacobson
- **birth place**: Norwalk, Connecticut
- **death place**: New York City, New York
- **occupation**: Film producer, film director, screenwriter
- **yearsactive**: 1993 in film, 1993–2004 in film, 2004
Robert Frederick Froehlke

**Robert Frederick Froehlke** (October 15, 1922 – February 12, 2016) was an American businessman, lawyer, and politician. He served as Secretary of the Army from July 1971 until May 1973.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Robert Frederick Froehlke
- **image name**: Robert Froehlke.jpg
- **caption**: Robert Frederick Froehlke
- **order**: 10th
- **office**: United States Secretary of the Army
- **term start**: July 1971
- **term end**: May 1973
- **predecessor**: Stanley R. Resor
- **successor**: Howard H. Callaway
- **birth place**: Neenah, Wisconsin
- **death place**: Scottsdale, Arizona
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **occupation**: Attorney
Insurance Executive
- **alma mater**: University of Wisconsin–Madison
University of Wisconsin Law School
- **spouse**: Nancy J. Barnes Froehlke (married 1949)
- **children**: Bruce, Jane, Ann, Scott
Martin Richard Hoffmann

**Martin Richard Hoffmann** (April 20, 1932 – July 14, 2014) was an American politician. He served as the United States Secretary of the Army between 1975 and 1977.

Martin was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts on April 20, 1932.

Hoffmann served as general counsel of the Department of Defense, 1974 - 75. He was appointed as Secretary of the Army from August 5, 1975 until February 13, 1977.

He died of cancer in Warren, Virginia, aged 82.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image name**: Martin Richard Hoffmann.jpg
- **caption**: Martin Richard Hoffmann
- **order**: 12th
- **office**: United States Secretary of the Army
- **president**: Gerald R. Ford
- **term start**: August 5, 1975
- **term end**: February 13, 1977
- **predecessor**: Norman R. Augustine (acting)
- **successor**: Clifford L. Alexander, Jr.
- **birth place**: Stockbridge, Massachusetts
- **death place**: Warrenton, Virginia
- **alma mater**: Princeton University (1954)
- **spouse**: Margaret Ann McCabe (1961)
John O. Marsh Jr.

**John Otho Marsh Jr.** (August 7, 1926 – February 4, 2019) was an American politician and a Professor at George Mason University School of Law. He served as the United States Secretary of the Army from 1981 to 1989, and as United States House of Representatives from Virginia from 1963 to 1971.

Marsh, Jr. died on February 4, 2019 from congestive heart failure in Raphine, Virginia, aged 92.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Marsh, John O 2.jpg
- **office**: 14th United States Secretary of the Army
- **president**: Ronald Reagan
George H. W. Bush
- **term start**: January 30, 1981
- **term end**: August 14, 1989
- **predecessor**: Percy A. Pierre, Percy Pierre (Acting)
- **successor**: Michael P. W. Stone
- **office1**: Counselor to the President
- **president1**: Gerald Ford
- **alongside1**: Robert T. Hartmann, Robert Hartmann, Rogers Morton
- **term start1**: August 9, 1974
- **term end1**: January 20, 1977
- **predecessor1**: Anne Armstrong
Dean Burch
Kenneth Rush
- **successor1**: Edwin Meese (1981)
- **office2**: Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs
- **president2**: Richard Nixon
- **term start2**: April 17, 1973
- **term end2**: February 15, 1974
- **predecessor2**: Rady A. Johnson
- **successor2**: John M. Maury
- **state3**: Virginia
- **term start3**: January 3, 1963
- **term end3**: January 3, 1971
- **predecessor3**: Burr Harrison
- **successor3**: J. Kenneth Robinson, Kenneth Robinson
- **birth place**: Winchester, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Raphine, Virginia, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (Before 1980s)
Republican Party (United States), Republican (1980s–2019)
- **education**: Washington and Lee University (Bachelor of Laws, LLB)
- **serviceyears**: 1944–1947 (Active)
1947–1951 (Reserve)
1951–1976 (Guard)
- **unit**: United States Army Reserve
Army National Guard
- **rank**:  Lieutenant colonel (United States), Lieutenant Colonel
- **battles**: Allied-occupied Germany
Vietnam War
Clifford Alexander Jr.

**Clifford Leopold Alexander, Jr.** (September 21, 1933 – July 3, 2022) was an American lawyer, businessman and politician. He was the first African-American Secretary of the Army. He served as Secretary of the Army from February 1977 to January 1981.

Alexander Jr. died on July 3, 2022 in New York City from heart failure, aged 88.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birth name**: Clifford Leopold Alexander, Jr.
- **image**: Alexander, Clifford L.jpg
- **order**: 13th
- **office**: United States Secretary of the Army
- **president**: Jimmy Carter
- **term start**: February 1977
- **term end**: January 1981
- **predecessor**: Martin R. Hoffmann
- **successor**: John O. Marsh, Jr.
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Harvard University, Yale Law School
- **occupation**: lawyer, businessman, government official
James Shigeta

**James Shigeta** (June 17, 1929 – July 28, 2014) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles in the movies _Flower Drum Song_ (1961) with Nancy Kwan and _Die Hard_ (1988) with Bruce Willis and Alan Rickman. He started his career in the early 1960s and his last role was in 2009.

He shared the 1960 Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Male Newcomer with actors George Hamilton, Troy Donahue and Barry Coe.

Shigeta was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. He was a Sansei or third-generation American of Japanese ancestry. He served in the U.S. Marine Corps for two-and-a-half years during the Korean War.

Shigeta died on July 28, 2014 in Los Angeles, California from respiratory failure, aged 85.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: James Shigeta
- **image**: Bridge to the Sun (1961) Press Photo of James Shigeta (cropped).jpg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: James Shigeta
- **birth place**: Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California
- **occupation**: Actor, singer
- **years active**: 1959–2014
Warren, Virginia

**Warren** is an unincorporated community in Albemarle County, Virginia.

Walker House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Warren
- **settlement type**: Unincorporated community
- **pushpin map**: Virginia
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the Commonwealth of Virginia
- **map caption**: Location within Albemarle county
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Virginia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Virginia, County
- **subdivision name2**: Albemarle County, Virginia, Albemarle
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2000, 2000
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone (North America), Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1494290
Problem (song)

"**Problem**" is a song by American recording artist Ariana Grande, featuring guest vocals from Australian recording artist Iggy Azalea. The song was released by Republic Records on April 28, 2014. It is the first single from Ariana Grande's second studio album _My Everything_ (2014). The song first appeared at number three on the _Billboard_ Hot 100. It later peaked at number two on the chart. It sold 438,000 copies in its first week on sale. Lyrically, the song is about "the feeling of being absolutely terrified to re-approach a relationship that's gone sour -- but you want to more than anything."

The song reached number one in the UK (where it became the first song to enter on top based on streaming alone).  It also topped the charts in New Zealand and reached the top ten in nine other countries.

The Recording Industry Assocation of America certified the song sextuple-platinum on June 15, 2015, for sales of over six million copies in the US alone.

## Music video

The video stars Grande and Azalea performing choreography with backup dancers against spiral backgrounds.  Grande's then-boyfriend, rapper Big Sean, appears in the video. Sean also whispered the hook, "I got one less problem without you," throughout the song but is not credited.  As of March 2018, the music video has surpassed one billion views on YouTube.

## Other websites

- Lyric video on Vevo

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Problem
- **alt**: A picture of a woman sit down in a chair wearing white thigh high socks, crop top and shot, not are black. Behind her there is a brown brick wall and to the side of her are the words "Problem Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea" in white chalk writing. Her right hand is touching her long brunette-hair.
- **border**: yes
- **artist**: Ariana Grande featuring Iggy Azalea
- **album**: My Everything (Ariana Grande album), My Everything
- **recorded**: 2013
- **studio**: Conway Recording Studios, Conway
(Los Angeles, California)
Wolf Cousins Studios, Wolf Cousins
(Stockholm, Sweden)
- **label**: Republic Records, Republic
- **chronology**: Ariana Grande singles
- **prev title**: Santa Baby#Ariana Grande version, Santa Baby
- **prev year**: 2013
- **next title**: Break Free (song), Break Free
- **next year**: 2014
Yevgeny Samoteykin

**Yevgeny Matveyevich Samoteykin** (); 18 October 1928 – 20 July 2014) was a Soviet Russian diplomat. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He was the Ambassador of the Soviet Union to Australia and to a lesser-degree, Nauru, Fiji and Vanuatu. He served from 24 April 1983 until 22 August 1990. He was also the Ambassador to Papua New Guinea from 1986 until 1990.

Samoteykin was born in Saint Petersburg. He graduated from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations in 1952.

Samoteykin died on 20 July 2014, aged 85.
Kulindadromeus

***Kulindadromeus*** is a herbivorous dinosaur, an ornithischian from the Jurassic of Siberia, Russia.

The fossil shows clear signs of feather-like structures on its body. This is important because it was not known whether this group had proto-feathers. These structures probably had the function of temperature regulation: they were not flight feathers.

The original specimen was a partial skull with lower jaws. The volcanic ash layers of the formation form a _Konservat-Lagerstätte_ with exceptional preservation. From 2010 onwards,  more fossil material has been discovered, including subadult and juvenile individuals.

## Features of the body surface

Specimens show large parts of its body surface (skin or 'integuent'). There are rows of scales on top of its tail and a covering of scales branching into feather-like structures. Until its discovery proto-feathers were thought to be only in the Theropoda. The feather remains discovered are of three types.

The first type consists of hair-like filaments covering the trunk, neck and head. These are up to three centimetres long and resemble the "dino-fuzz" already known from theropods like _Sinosauropteryx_. The second type shows groups of 1.5 centimetres-long filaments, each group coming from a base plate. These are on the upper arm and thigh.  The base plates are ordered in a hexagonal pattern but do not touch each other. The third type is unique. It was found on the upper lower legs and consists of bundles of six or seven ribbon-like structures, up to two centimetres long. Each ribbon is made from about ten parallel filaments up to 0.1 millimetres wide.

The filaments earlier reported in Ornithischia, on _Psittacosaurus_ and _Tianyulong_, could be homologous to the "protofeathers" found in non-avian theropods. This would imply that feathers are original to the Dinosauria as a whole and possibly to the Archosauria as a whole, since there are similar structures in the Pterosauria.

There are also three types of scales. Overlapping hexagonal scales, up to 3.5 millimetres in diameter, are present on the lower shins. Small round non-overlapping scales, less than one millimetre in cross-section, cover the hands, ankles and feet. The top of the tail is covered by five long rows of arched rectangular scales, measuring up to one by two centimetres. With these scales the trailing edge of each scale slightly overlaps the front edge of the scale behind it. In the middle, to the contrary, a small spur projects forward, covering the trailing edge of the preceding scale. The authors think the scales were not ossified scutes or osteoderms.
Bo Dallas

**Taylor Michael Rotunda** (born May 25, 1990) is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, where he competes on the Raw brand under the ring names **Bo Dallas** and **Uncle Howdy**. He is the leader of the faction The Wyatt Sicks.

Dallas has also competed for WWE's development territories Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) and NXT. During his time in FCW, Dallas was a three-time FCW Florida Heavyweight Champion and a two-time FCW Florida Tag Team Champion with his older brother Duke Rotundo/Husky Harris (later known as Bray Wyatt). While in NXT, Dallas was a one-time NXT Champion for 280 days. On the main roster, he won the WWE Raw Tag Team Championship (with Curtis Axel as part of the B-Team) and the WWE 24/7 Championship once each. He was released from WWE in 2021, but returned in 2022 as Uncle Howdy, managing his late brother Bray Wyatt. In 2024, after Wyatt's death, he formed the Wyatt Sicks.

## In wrestling

- **Finishing moves**
    - Belly-to-belly suplex – 2013; he used it as a signature move from 2014–present
    - _Bo-Dog_ (Springboard bulldog, with theatrics) – 2014–present
    - Double underhook DDT – 2013–present
    - Spear – 2012–2013
- **Signature moves**
    - Cravate
    - Dropkick
    - Inverted DDT
    - Multiple running knee drops, with theatrics
    - Multiple short-arm back elbows followed by a short-arm clothesline
    - Running big boot to a bent over opponent
    - Running crossbody
    - Running forearm smash
- **Nicknames**
    - "The Inspirational"

## Filmography

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2017|_The Marine 5: Battleground_|Alonzo||

## Championships and accomplishments

- **Florida Championship Wrestling**
    - FCW Florida Heavyweight Championship (3 times)
    - FCW Florida Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Duke Rotundo/Husky Harris
- ***Pro Wrestling Illustrated***
    - Ranked No. 73 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the _PWI 500_ in 2014
- **WWE**
    - WWE Raw Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Curtis Axel
    - WWE 24/7 Championship (1 time)
    - NXT Championship (1 time)

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **name**: Bo Dallas
- **image**: Bo Dallas may 2017 01.jpg
- **caption**: Dallas in 2017
- **birth name**: Taylor Michael Rotunda
- **birth place**: Brooksville, Florida, U.S.
- **family**: Mike Rotunda (father)
Bray Wyatt (brother)
Barry Windham (uncle)
Kendall Windham (uncle)
Blackjack Mulligan (grandfather)
- **names**: **Bo Dallas**
Bo Rotunda
Bo Rotundo
Mr. Florida
Mr. NXT
Tank Mulligan
Tank Rotunda
Tank Rotundo
Taylor Rotunda
Bo Washington
**Uncle Howdy**
- **height**: 6 ft 1 in
- **weight**: 234 lb
- **billed**: Brooksville, Florida
- **trainer**: Florida Championship Wrestling
- **debut**: 2008