Encyclopedia

An **encyclopedia** is a collection, usually a book or website, of information. Some are known as encyclopedic dictionaries. An encyclopedia contains a lot of information.

### Overview

All encyclopedias were printed, until the late 20th century, when some were on CDs and the internet. 21st century encyclopedias are mostly online by internet. The largest encyclopedia in the English language is English Wikipedia, which has more than 6 million articles. The second largest is the _Encyclopædia Britannica_, which is the largest one that is printed. Either kind of encyclopedia can inform people on various topics.

### Ancient times

Book series were used to summarize all knowledge have been published for thousands of years. A famous early one was called _Natural History_ by Pliny the Elder. The name "encyclopedia" is from the 16th century and meant "complete knowledge". The French _Encyclopédie_ of Denis Diderot was the first that had major parts written by many people from all around the world.

### Modern times

After the printing press was invented, dictionaries with long definitions began to be called encyclopedias that were books that has articles or subjects For example, a dictionary of science, if it included essays or paragraphs, it was thought of as an encyclopedia or knowledgeable book on the subject of science. Some encyclopedias then put essays on more than one subject in alphabetical order instead of grouping them together by subject. The word, encyclopedia, was put in the title of some encyclopedias.

#### Publishers

Companies such as _Britannica_ were started for the purpose of publishing encyclopedias for sale to individuals, and for public use in libraries. Akin to dictionaries, these publishers hired hundreds of experts to write articles. Some internet encyclopedias allowed their paying customers to submit articles from other encyclopedias. Other internet encyclopedias accepted writing from non-paying users – users not signed in – of the encyclopedia.

## Types of encyclopedias

There are different types of encyclopedias. Some are general and have pages on lots of topics. The English language _Encyclopædia Britannica_ and German _Brockhaus_ are general encyclopedias. Some are about specific topics.

#### Specialized encyclopedias

There are encyclopedias of medicine or philosophy. Others include the _Dictionary of National Biography_, the _Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships_, and _Black's Law Dictionary_. There are also encyclopedias that cover many topics with one perspective or one cultural bias, including the Conservapedia and _Great Soviet Encyclopedia_.

There are two main ways of organizing printed encyclopedias: from A to Z or by categories. Most encyclopedias go by A to Z. Many dictionaries have similar information to encyclopedias.

#### Encyclopedic dictionaries

- The Compact Edition of the _Oxford English Dictionary_. Volume I A–M,  volume II NZ. 1971. Oxford University Press.
- _Webster’s Third New International Dictionary_ . . . Unabridged . . . Merriam-Webster. 1961. Encyclopedia. Springfield, MA: G & C Merriam Company.
- _Fowler's Modern English Usage_. Fowler H.W; 2nd revised edition by Gower E. Oxford University Press.

## Related pages

- Taoism
- Confucianism
- Western philosophy
- _Encyclopaedia Hebraica_
- _Encyclopaedia Metallum_
- _Encyclopædia Britannica_
- Ancient Greek philosophy

## Other websites

- JustPedia