juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Leslie Orgel

**Leslie Eleazer Orgel** FRS (12 January 1927 – 27 October 2007) was a British chemist.

Born in London, Orgel received his B.A. and Ph.D in chemistry at Magdalen College, Oxford University.

He was one of the first people to see, in April 1953, Crick and Watson's model of DNA: at the time he worked at Oxford University's Chemistry Department.

In 1964 Orgel was appointed Senior Fellow and Research Professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, where he directed the Chemical Evolution Laboratory. He was also an adjunct professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of California, San Diego, and he was one of five principal investigators in the NASA-sponsored NSCORT program in exobiology. Orgel also participated in NASA's Viking Mars Lander Program as a member of the Molecular Analysis Team that designed the gas chromatography mass spectrometer instrument that robots took to the planet Mars.

Orgel’s lab came across an economical way to make cytarabine, a compound that is one of today’s most commonly used anti-cancer agents.

During the 1970s, Orgel suggested reconsidering the panspermia hypothesis, according to which the earliest forms of life on earth did not originate here, but arrived from outer space with meteorites.

Together with Stanley Miller, Orgel also suggested that peptide nucleic acids – rather than ribonucleic acids – constituted the first pre-biotic systems capable of self-replication on early Earth.

His name is popularly known because of Orgel's rules, credited to him, particularly Orgel's Second Rule: "Evolution is cleverer than you are".

In his book _The Origins of Life_, Orgel coined the concept of specified complexity, to describe the criterion by which living organisms are distinguished from non-living matter. He published over three hundred articles in his research areas.

Orgel died of cancer on 27 October 2007 at the San Diego Hospice & Palliative Care in San Diego, California.

## Awards

- Fellow of the Royal Society
- National Academy of Sciences
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences

## Publications

- Leslie E. Orgel, _An introduction to transition-metal chemistry: the ligand field theory_. 1961
- Leslie E. Orgel, _The origins of life: molecules and natural selection_. 1973
- Leslie E. Orgel and Stanley L. Miller, _The origins of life on the Earth_. 1974

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Leslie Eleazer Orgel
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: San Diego, California
- **nationality**:  United Kingdom, British
- **field**: Chemistry
- **work institution**: University of Oxford
University of Cambridge
- **alma mater**: University of Oxford
California Institute of Technology
University of Chicago
- **known for**: Orgel diagram
LGBT rights in Azerbaijan

The Azerbaijani law forbidding gay sex  was abolished in 2000.  A special edition of _Azerbaijan_, the official newspaper of the Parliament, published on 28 May, reported that the Parliament had approved a new Criminal Code, and that the President had signed a decree bringing it into force in September. The text of the new Criminal Code was also published. The old Article 113 (inherited from the Soviet era which punished anal sex between men with three years imprisonment) has been replaced with a new Article 150, which bans only forcible sexual acts.

## Modern times

When Azerbaijan became part of USSR,  homosexuality was a crime in Azerbaijan, although it was not in Russia.  After the independence of Azerbaijan in 1991, homosexual acts were legalized in 2000.

Although homosexual acts between consenting male adults were officially decriminalized, there were still reports about police abuses against gays, mainly male prostitutes. The victims wanted to remain anonymous. They were afraid of the police. (2001 Report of the International Helsinki Federation).

State-controlled media outlets use homosexuality as a tool to harass and discredit critics of the government and opposition journalists.

## Living conditions

|Same-sex sexual activity legal|(since 2000)|
| --- | --- |
|Equal age of consent|(since 2000)|
|Anti-discrimination laws in employment only||
|Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services||
|Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech)||
|Same-sex marriages||
|Recognition of same-sex couples||
|Step-child adoption by same-sex couples||
|Joint adoption by same-sex couples||
|Gays and lesbians allowed to serve openly in the military||
|Right to change legal gender|(Transgender people can change their gender but not their legal name)|
|Access to IVF for lesbians||
|Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples||
|MSMs allowed to donate blood||
LGBT rights in the Maldives

Homosexuality is illegal in the Maldives. In addition, the Maldives was one of the 67 signatory nations opposing the UN declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity, which failed to pass.

## Constitutional framework

In 2009 the Maldives enacted  a new Constitution that included a chapter on rights and freedoms, demonstrating the desire to embrace a new culture of human rights. However, this did not include any resolutions regarding LGBT human rights issues.

## Recognition of same-sex relationships

The Maldives does not recognize same-sex marriages, civil unions, or domestic partnerships.

## Discrimination protections

There is no legal protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.
Chrissie Maher

**Chrissie Maher**, OBE (born 1938) is a British advocate for the use of plain English. She is a co-founder of the Plain English Campaign. This organisation promotes the clear use of English, especially by businesses and official bodies. Her campaign began in 1971 when she founded the United Kingdom's first community newspaper, the _Tuebrook Bugle_. That gave her the chance to write articles saying that organisations should start using plain English. In 1974, Maher went on to start _The Liverpool News_. It was the UK's first newspaper for adults with reading difficulties. She was also a member of the UK's National Consumer Council. Later, she founded the Plain English Campaign at a demonstration in London in 1979.

As an example of the language issues Maher found objectionable: in 1994, she pointed out that Britain's National Health Service published a definition of the term "bed" that used 229 words.

For her efforts, Maher was awarded the OBE in 1993. In 1995, she was awarded an honorary MA degree by Manchester University. In 1997 she received an honorary doctorate from the Open University. In 2000, Maher was named "Information Pioneer of the Century" by the UK's National Information Forum. In 2010, Maher received an Honorary Fellowship from Liverpool John Moores University for her services to communication.

Also in 2010 Maher was selected Public Affairs Achiever of the Year and Outstanding Achiever of the Year for the ‘Women in Public Life’ awards.

Tom McArthur, editor of the _Oxford Companion to the English Language_ said, "In all the history of the language, there has never been such a powerful grassroots movement to influence it as the Plain English Campaign."

## Other websites

- Plain English Campaign Homepage
Faust (1926 movie)

***Faust*** is a 1926 German silent movie. It was  directed by F. W. Murnau. It stars Gösta Ekman as Faust, Emil Jannings as Mephisto, and Camilla Horn as Gretchen. The story is about an old man who sells his soul to the devil. In return he becomes young again. The movie uses both traditional tales of Faust and Goethe's play. The movie was difficult and expensive to make. _Faust_ was Murnau's last German movie. He moved to the United States to direct _Sunrise_. The "Bald Mountain" scene in the movie inspired the "Night on Bald Mountain" segment in Walt Disney's _Fantasia_.

## References

- Eisner, Lotte H. 1973. _Murnau_. University of California Press. .

## Other websites

- _Faust _ at the Arts & Faith Top100 Spiritually Significant Films  list
- DVD review by Gary Johnson

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Faust
- **image**: Faust (1926).webm
- **writer**: Hans Kyser
- **starring**: Gösta Ekman (senior), Gösta Ekman
Emil Jannings
Camilla Horn
William Dieterle, Wilhelm Dieterle
Frida Richard
Yvette Guilbert
- **director**: F. W. Murnau
- **producer**: Erich Pommer
- **music**: Werner Richard Heymann _(in the premiere)_
 William Axt _(US, uncredited)_
- **cinematography**: Carl Hoffman
- **distributor**: Universum Film AG, UFA (Germany)
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (USA)
- **runtime**: 106 minutes
- **language**: Silent film
German language, German intertitles
- **country**: Weimar Republic
- **budget**: 2 million marks
Synapomorphy

A **synapomorphy** is a common character. It is a term in cladistics, meaning a trait which is present in two or more species by common descent. It is a type of homologous character or homology.

More precisely, it is shared by two or more taxa and their most recent common ancestor, whose own ancestor in turn does not possess the trait. Thus, it is not just an ancestral trait, but a recently evolved distinguishing trait. It helps to distinguish between two trees of descent which would otherwise be equally likely.

## References

de:Apomorphie#Unterteilung von Apomorphien
Conquest of the Pole

***Conquest of the Pole*** () is a 1912 silent movie. It was directed and produced by Georges Méliès. It was based on the book _The Adventures of Captain Hatteras_ by Jules Verne. The movie is about a race to the north pole by different groups of balloonists. A complicated scene in the movie has a frost giant who tries to eat the crew.
View of Delft

***View of Delft*** is an oil painting. It was painted by Johannes Vermeer between about 1660 and 1661. The painting shows Vermeer's hometown. It is one of his most popular pictures. It is one of three paintings of Delft by Vermeer. The others are _The Little Street_ and the lost painting _House Standing in Delft_. In 2011, the painting was featured on gold and silver commemorative coins issued by the Royal Dutch Mint.
Philip Larkin

**Philip Arthur Larkin** CH, CBE, FRSL (9 August 1922 – 2 December 1985) was a English poet and novelist.

Larkin was born and raised in Coventry, Warwickshire, where he attended primary and secondary school. He graduated from St John's College, Oxford with a double first in English language and literature.

Larkin spent the latter years of his life in Hull, where he was a librarian at the University of Hull. Larkin died in Hull, Humberside, of oesophageal cancer.
Drake

**Drake** may mean:

## People

- Drake (musician), Canadian rapper, singer and actor

## Places

- Drake Passage between Cape Horn and Antarctica

## Other uses

- A male duck
- Drake is a word used to describe (particular types of) dragon or similar creatures.

- Drake equation
- Drake, Caldari battlecruiser in the video game _EVE Online_
- In J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth pseudo-mythology, "drake" (and "worm") is a word for dragon
Skyler Gisondo

**Skyler Gisondo** (born July 22, 1996) is an American actor. Gisondo is probably best known for his roles as Bryan Pearson on _The Bill Engvall Show_, Tommy Doyle in Rob Zombie's _Halloween_, and B-Dawg in the _Air Buddies_ series. He has also been in TV shows such as _ER_, _Everybody Loves Raymond_, _Cold Case_, _Criminal Minds_, _My Name Is Earl_, _House_ and _CSI_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Skyler Gisondo
- **birth place**: Palm Beach, Florida, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: Sweden
- **alias**: Skyler Gisonndo, Skyler Gissondo, Skyler Gissonndo
- **occupation**: Actor, voice artist, comedian, former child actor
- **domestic partner**: like klara and jennifer
Lee Remick

**Lee Ann Remick** (December 14, 1935 – July 2, 1991) was an American actress. She was born in Quincy, Massachusetts. She played the female lead in _Anatomy of a Murder_, _Days of Wine and Roses_ and _The Omen_.

Remick won a Golden Globe award in 1973. In 1975 she won a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA award.

Remick died of kidney cancer in Los Angeles, California.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lee Remick
- **image**: Lee Ann Remick, London, 1974.jpg
- **caption**: Remick in 1974
- **birth name**: Lee Ann Remick
- **birth place**: Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Renal cell carcinoma, Kidney cancer
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1957–1989
- **spouse**: Bill Colleran (1957–1968; divorced; 2 children)
 Kip Gowans (1970–1991; her death)
Miranda Lambert

**Miranda Leigh Lambert** (born November 10, 1983) is an American country music artist who gained fame as a finalist on the 2003 season of _Nashville Star_, where she finished in third place and later signed to Epic Records. She was married to country singer Blake Shelton whom divorced in 2015. She married NYPD officer Brendan McLoughlin on January 26, 2019.

She has four solo albums released as of 2011 and one with country supergroup Pistol Annies. Some of her most known songs are "Gunpowder and Lead", "Kerosene", "The House That Built Me", "White Liar", "Heart Like Mine", and "Baggage Claim".

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _Kerosene_ (2005)
- _Crazy Ex-Girlfriend_ (2007)
- _Revolution_ (2009)
- _Four the Record_ (2011)
- _Platinum_ (2014)
- _The Weight of These Kings_ (2016)
- _Wildcard_ (2019)
- _Palomino_ (2022)
- _Postcards from Texas_ (2024)

- Collaborative albums
- _The Marfa Tapes_ (with Jack Ingram and Jon Randall) (2021)

- Singles
- "Fastest Girl in Town" (2012)
- "Tin Man" (2017)

## Related pages

- List of country musicians from Texas

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Miranda Lambert
- **img**: Miranda Lambert at 2010 ACMA.jpg
- **img capt**: Lambert in the press room at the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards in April 2010.
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Miranda Leigh Lambert
- **birth place**: Longview, Texas, USA
- **origin**: Lindale, Texas, USA
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals, guitar
- **genre**: Country music, Country, country rock, Western
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter
- **years active**: 2001–present
- **label**: Epic Records, Epic
Columbia Records, Columbia Nashville
RCA Records Nashville
Arista Records, Arista Nashville
Republic Records, Republic Nashville
- **associated acts**: Carrie Underwood
Gretchen Wilson
Jack Ingram
Jon Randall
Pistol Annies
- **url**: [https://www.mirandalambert.com/ mirandalambert.com]
Blake Shelton

**Blake Tollison Shelton** (born June 18, 1976) is an American country singer and television personality. Shelton is signed to Warner Nashville. Some of his most known songs are "Ol' Red", "Some Beach", "Hillbilly Bone", "Kiss My Country Ass", "Honey Bee", "God Gave Me You", and "Drink on It". He has been a judge on _The Voice_ since April 2011.

## Early life

He was born in Ada, Oklahoma.

## Personal life

Shelton was married to country singer Miranda Lambert from 2011 until 2015.  He is currently in a relationship with singer Gwen Stefani.   The couple announced their engagement on October 27, 2020, and married at a chapel on July 3, 2021, at Shelton's Oklahoma ranch.

The two collaborated on the song "You Make It Feel like Christmas", featured on Stefani's 2017 Christmas album of the same

## Singles

- "Sangria (see Sangria; 2015)
- "I Lived It" (2018)
- "Minium Wage (2021)
- "Come Back as a Country Boy" (2021)

## Related pages

- List of country musicians from Oklahoma

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **origin**: Nashville, Tennessee
- **years active**: 2000–present


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Blake Shelton
- **image**: Blake Shelton July 2017 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Shelton in July 2017
- **birth name**: Blake Tollison Shelton
- **birth place**: Ada, Oklahoma, United States
- **spouse(s)**:

Gwen Stefani (m. 2021-present)
Battle of Balaclava

The **Battle of Balaclava** was a battle of the Crimean War. It was on 25 October 1854 by the Ottoman Empire, the French Empire, and the United Kingdom against the Russian Empire. The battle ended with a Russian victory. Two of the most important events of the Crimean
War took place during the Battle of Balaclava.

## The Thin Red Line

The 93rd Highland Regiment, which was dressed almost only in red, formed a line that was two men thick and stood its ground despite a charge by the Russian cavalry.

## The Charge of the Light Brigade

The charge was made by the 4th and 13th Light Dragoons, 17th Lancers, and the 8th and 11th Hussars, under the command of Major General the Earl of Cardigan. Many people died in the charge since 278 of the over 670 soldiers were killed. The event inspired the poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, of the same name.
HP

The shortcut **HP** can mean

- Hewlett-Packard, a electronics company
- Harry Potter, a book series about magic
- Himachal Pradesh, a state in India
- HP postcode area, a group of UK postal districts
- Hit Points, a stat common in role-playing games
Plano, Texas

**Plano** is a city in the state of Texas in the United States. It is the ninth largest city in the state. Over 280,000 people live there. It has a humid subtropical climate (_Cfa_ in the Koeppen climate classification).

Plano has the headquarters of many large businesses, including:
- Frito-Lay
- Dell Services, a division of Dell
- HP Enterprise Services, a division of Hewlett-Packard
- Dr Pepper Snapple Group
- Siemens PLM Software, a division of the Siemens group
- Ericsson
- J. C. Penney
- Capital One Financial Services
- Pizza Hut
Fargo (1996 movie)

***Fargo*** is a 1996 American black comedy-drama crime thriller movie. The Coen brothers made this movie, which is set in 1987. Frances McDormand, Steve Buscemi and William H. Macy star in the movie as a detective, a criminal, and a car salesman, respectively. It is a dark comedy about the police investigation of some murders and bad business activities.

In 2006 it was put into the United States National Film Registry because the group thought it was culturally, historically, or aesthetically important enough to be recognized in their collection. It inspired a TV series _of the same name_

Part of the movie is set in Fargo, North Dakota. The majority is set in Minneapolis and Brainerd, Minnesota. It shows the culture and accent of many of the people who live there.
Viktor Kozin

**Viktor Mikhailovich Kozin** () (born February 22, 1953) is a Russian naval engineer, ship designer and inventor of a new method of icebreaking, called the resonance method of ice destruction. He received his Assistant Professorship in Technical Sciences (Ph.D.) for his work _Mechanics of deformable solids_ in Vladivostok in 1994. He became a full Professor in 1996 and was awarded the title Honored Inventor of the Russian Federation in 2000. Since 2008 he is a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS).

Kozin was awarded a diploma from the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1999) and won grants from the Russian Ministry of Education (2006). He received multiple prizes for his academic and scientific achievements in the theory of watercraft statics and dynamics, design of vessels, hydraulics and hydromechanics, ship and submarine construction. He is the author of two textbooks in naval engineering and 12 works on the methods of education in the area of naval design.

## References

- Encyclopedia - SCIENTISTS OF RUSSIA - scientists from the CIS and countries of CIS
- Scientific Electronic Library - monographs published by the publishing house of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

## Other websites

- Telecast "Time, City, People, 2002 ". About Kozin VM STRC "Komsomolsk" Part 1
- Telecast "Time, City, People, 2002 ". About Kozin VM STRC "Komsomolsk" Part 2

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Victor Kozin
- **image**: Kozin-viktor-.jpg
- **alt**: Kozin Victor
- **birth place**: Sita, Khabarovsky Kray, Russia
- **citizenship**: Russia
- **fields**: shipbuilding, mechanics, applied mathematics, inventor, theoretical physics
- **workplaces**: Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University, KnAGTU Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Pedagogical University, KnAGPU
- **alma mater**: Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical Institute, KnATI
- **footnotes**: [http://www.artkaif.com/viktor-kozin facebook.com/viktor.kozin]
The Gold Rush

***The Gold Rush*** is a 1925 silent movie. It was written, directed, and produced by Charlie Chaplin. He stars in the movie, too. The movie is set in the Yukon during the Klondike Gold Rush. Chaplin plays the Little Tramp. It was a character he created. The Little Tramp appeared in many Chaplin movies. In this movie, the Little Tramp has many adventures with other prospectors. He falls in love with a saloon girl. Critics liked the movie. One critic wrote, "Here is a comedy with streaks of poetry, pathos, tenderness, linked with brusqueness and boisterousness. It is the outstanding gem of all Chaplin's pictures, as it has more thought and originality than even such masterpieces of mirth as _The Kid_ and _Shoulder Arms_."  In 1992 _The Gold Rush_ was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. Chaplin hoped that people would remember him for this movie.

## Other websites

- The Greatest Films: _The Gold Rush_
- Bibliography
The Thief of Bagdad

***The Thief of Bagdad*** is a 1924 silent movie. It was directed by Raoul Walsh. It stars Douglas Fairbanks. The plot was adapted from _One Thousand and One Nights_. The movie is about a thief who falls in love with the daughter of the Caliph of Baghdad. Fairbanks was very athletic. This movie provided many moments for gymnastics.  The movie was Fairbanks's favorite among all his movies.

_Thief_ gave Fairbanks a new direction. He was a comedy star, but after this movie he became a "swashbuckler". The movie had many special effects such as flying carpets and monsters and magical Djinn. The Arabian-style set was huge. The movie was remade twice: once in 1940 with Sabu and then in 1961 with Steve Reeves. The Fairbanks version was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry in 1996.

## References

- Whitford, Eileen. 2007. _Pickford: The Woman Who Made Hollywood_. The University Press of Kentucky. .

## Other websites

- _The Thief of Bagdad_ at Rotten Tomatoes
Sinbad the Sailor

**Sinbad the Sailor** is a fictional character in the _One Thousand and One Nights_ (_The Arabian Nights_). He is a sailor. His stories take place in the days of Haroun al-Rashid. Sindbad is an Arab from Baghdad (modern day Iraq). He has many adventures. He meets monsters such as The Old Man of the Sea and the Roc. There are seven stories about Sinbad's journeys. They are sometimes a part of the Scheherazade stories. The Sinbad stories have been made into movies and animated cartoons.

## Other websites

- Story of Sindbad The Sailor
- 21 Illustrations by the German cartoon pioneer Stefan Mart, from _Tales of the Nations_ (1933)
- Sindbad's Middle-European reincarnation
Mount Vernon

**Mount Vernon** was the plantation home of George Washington, the first President of the United States. It is located near Alexandria, Virginia. The house was designed by Washington and built of wood in 1757. It is in the neoclassical Georgian architectural style. Mount Vernon is on the banks of the Potomac River. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is owned and maintained in trust by The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. It is open every day of the year. Mount Vernon is on the tentative list of World Heritage Sites in the United States.

The property was long called Little Hunting Creek Plantation but Lawrence Washington, George's older half-brother, renamed it for Edward Vernon, his commander in the Royal Navy. Laurence died in 1753 and George eventually inherited the estate.

## Related pages

- List of World Heritage Sites in the United States

## Other websites

- Official website of Mount Vernon
- National Historic Landmark: Mount Vernon
- National Shrine: Bringing George Washington Back to Life
- "Life Portrait of George Washington", broadcast from Mount Vernon
Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton

***Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton*** is the second album by American rapper, Eazy-E. The album was released on November 24, 1995. The producers of the album were DJ Yella, Naughty by Nature, Rhythm D, K Loc, Mike E. Clark. It was Eazy-E's last full length album before he died. It was released posthumously about eight months after his death. The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The song "Ole School Shit" was a diss track to Tha Dogg Pound, Dr. Dre, Tweedy Bird Loc and Snoop Doggy Dogg. The song "Wut Would You Do" was also a diss track to Snoop Doggy Dogg, Tha Dogg Pound, Suge Knight and Dr. Dre.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton
- **type**: album
- **artist**: Eazy-E
- **released**: November 24, 1995
- **recorded**: 1993-1995
- **producer**: * Eazy-E (Executive producer|)
* DJ Yella
* Naughty by Nature
* DJ Bobcat, Bobcat
* Tony G
* Stone Tha Lunatic
* Roger Troutman
- **prev title**: It's On (Dr. Dre) 187um Killa, It's On (~~Dr. Dre~~) 187<sup>um</sup> Killa
- **prev year**: 1993
- **next title**: Eternal E
- **next year**: 1995
Rajesh Khanna

**Rajesh Khanna** (29 December 1942  18 July 2012) was an Indian actor in movies. He became very famous in Bollywood after Shakti Samantha's movie _Aradhana_. Rajesh played both the father and son in that movie. Some of his well-known movies are _Anand_, _Kati Patang_, _Safar_, _Sacha Jhuta_, _Raja Rani_, _Bawarchi_ and _Amar Prem_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rajesh Khanna
- **image**: Rajesh Khanna Profile.jpg
- **birth name**: Jatin Khanna
- **birth date**: 29 December 1942
- **birth place**: Amritsar, Punjab, India, Punjab, India
- **death date**: 18 July 2012 (aged 69)
- **death place**: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- **death cause**: Cancer
- **alias**: Jatin Khanna
Kaka
RK
- **years active**: 1966–2012 (actor)
- **occupation**: Film actor and producer
- **spouse**: Dimple Kapadia (1973–1984 separated)
- **children**: Twinkle Khanna
Rinke Khanna
- **relatives**: Akshay Kumar
Megalomania

**Megalomania** is an extreme obsession with power and self-importance, often involving exaggerated or delusional beliefs about one's abilities or status. People with megalomania have delusional fantasies that they are more relevant (important) or powerful than they truly are. They have inflated self esteem and overestimate their powers and beliefs. People with megalomania tend to exhibit a disposition that is less inclined towards humbleness.

The word "megalomania" is no longer used in the mental health field, and is not mentioned in either the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD). Instead, this condition is now called narcissistic personality disorder. The condition affects both men and women.

The word "megalomania" comes from two Greek words: "μεγαλο" (megalo-), meaning large or great, and "μανία" (mania), meaning madness or frenzy.

## Related pages

- Arrogance
- Confidence
- Dunning–Kruger effect
- Narcissism
The Great Train Robbery

***The Great Train Robbery*** is a 1903 western silent movie. It was written, directed, produced, and photographed by Edwin S. Porter. It is 12 minutes long. It is thought to be an important step in making movies. It expanded upon Porter's previous movie _Life of an American Fireman_. The movie used many new moviemaking techniques. These techniques included cross cutting, camera movement, and on-location shooting. Some prints of the movie were also hand colored in certain scenes. It was shot in Milltown, New Jersey. The movie has been chosen for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.

## Other websites

- Download from the Library of Congress)+@field(COLLID+edison))) (in MPEG-1, RealVideo or QuickTime format)
- Great Films: _The Great Train Robbery_
Les Patineurs

***The Skaters Waltz*** (1882) is a waltz by Émile Waldteufel. It is known as **Les Patineurs Valse** in French, and **Die Schlittschuhläufer-Walzer** in German. It was inspired by the Cercle des Patineurs (skating rink) at the Bois de Boulogne in Paris. Glissando notes and bells suggest a winter's day.  The waltz was published by Hopwood & Crew. It was dedicated to Ernest Coquelin, the younger brother of two celebrated actor brothers of the Comédie Française. It has been used as background music for several movies.

- Waltz 1
<score vorbis="1">
 \relative g'' {
  \new PianoStaff <<
   \new Staff { \key fis \minor \time 3/4
    \tempo \markup {
     \column {
   }
    }
    cis,,2.( e2 fis4) fis2.~ fis d2.( fis2 gis4) gis2.~ gis b( a2 cis,4) e2.( <d fis>2 cis4) <cis gis'>2. <b gis'> <a a'>~ <a a'>4 r r
   }
   \new Staff { \key fis \minor \time 3/4 \clef bass
   a, <e' a> <e a> cis <e a> <e a> b <d e gis> <d e gis> e, <d' e gis> <d e gis> b <d e gis> <d e gis> e, <d' e gis> <d e gis> cis <e a> <e a> cis <e a> <e a> fis, <a' fis cis> <a fis cis> fis, <a' fis cis> <a fis cis> b, <a' fis d> <a fis d> b, <a' fis d> <a fis d>e, <d' e gis> <d e gis> e, <d' e gis> <d e gis> a <cis e> <cis e> <cis e> r r
   }
  >>
 }
</score>

- Waltz 4
<score vorbis="1">
 \relative c' {
  \new PianoStaff <<
   \new Staff { \key b \minor \time 3/4
    \tempo \markup {
     \column {
 }
   }
      fis'2.( cis4 d fis) b,2.~ b g'( dis4 e g) cis,2.~ cis a' eis4( fis a d,2.) cis4 d fis e,2. dis4\p( e a) d,2.~ d4 r r
   }
   \new Dynamics {
    s\mf
      }
   \new Staff { \key b \minor \time 3/4 \clef bass
      d, <fis a d> <fis a d> fis <a d> <a d> g <b d> <b d> fis( g b e,) <g b e> <g b e> g <b e> <b e> a <cis e> <cis e> gis( a cis fis,) <a cis> <a cis> fis <a cis> <a cis> b, <fis' b d> <fis b d> d <fis b d> <fis b d> e <g b d> <g b d> a, <g' a cis> <g a cis> d <fis a> <fis a> <fis a> r r
   }
  >>
 }
</score>

## Other websites

- Les Patineurs Valse MIDI at Classical Music Archives
- Les Patineurs Valse Sheet Music at the Petrucci Music Library (subject to change))
Blue Danube Waltz

***On the Beautiful Blue Danube, Op. 314*** is a waltz composed by Johann Strauss II in 1867 for the Vienna Men's Singing Society.  It was written for four-part choir with orchestra or piano. The words were written by Josef Weyl. It was first performed on 15 February 1867 by the Vienna Men's Singing Society and the orchestra of the Forty-Second Infantry Regiment directed by Rudolph Weinwurm. It was performed without voices on March 4 and again on March 10 in the same format at a benefit for Strauss's brothers. It was a sensation when performed at the Paris Exposition the same year. This performance marked the beginning of Strauss's international reputation. The waltz was published in 1867 by Carl Anton Spina.

The piece begins with a slow introduction in the dominant key of A major. This introduction is followed by five small waltzes of two sections each. Melodies with large leaps are contrasted with linear melodies composed within a narrow range. The coda touches on the various melodies and concludes with a lively finish. The waltz was first played in the United States in its instrumental version on 1 July 1867 in New York. It was first played in Great Britain on 21 September 1867 in London at the promenade concerts in Covent Garden. The instrumental version is usually performed today. On New Year's Eve in Vienna, the waltz is broadcast on television and radio stations at midnight. It is an encore piece at the Vienna New Year's Day Concert.

## Other websites

- Sheet music for "On the Beautiful Blue Danube" for 1 piano, John Church Company, 1868.
Segmentation

**Segmentation** in biology means the division of some animal and plant bodies into a series of repeat sections or parts. It is common in some of the most successful groups of animals, such as arthropods, vertebrates and annelid worms.

Segmentation of the body allows different regions of the body to develop for different uses.

## Genes regulating development

We now know a good deal about how the development of segmented animals is controlled. In a series of experiments with the fruit-fly _Drosophila_, E.B. Lewis was able to identify a complex of genes whose proteins bind to the regulatory regions of target genes. The latter then activate or repress cell processes which direct the final development of the organism.

Furthermore, the sequence of these control genes show _co-linearity_: the order of the loci in the chromosome parallels the order in which the loci are expressed along the anterior-posterior axis of the body. Not only that, but this cluster of master control genes programs the development of all higher organisms.

Each of the genes contains a homeobox, a remarkably conserved DNA sequence. This suggests the complex itself arose by gene duplication.

In his Nobel lecture, Lewis said "Ultimately, comparisons of the [control complexes] throughout the animal kingdom should provide a picture of how the organisms, as well as the [control genes] have evolved".
Waltz of the Flowers

The "**Waltz of the Flowers**" (1892) is a piece of orchestral music from the second act of _The Nutcracker_, a ballet composed by Tchaikovsky.  Tchaikovsky told his fellow musicians he was working on a "fantastic" ballet called _The Nutcracker_: "It's awfully fun to write a march for tin soldiers, a waltz of the flowers, etc." The waltz is also the last number in his _Nutcracker Suite_.  The "Waltz of the Flowers" is very popular. It has been arranged for various instruments and for various combinations of instruments. Percy Grainger arranged the waltz for piano solo as _Paraphrase on Tchaikovsky’s Flower Waltz_.  Walt Disney Studios animated the waltz for the movie _Fantasia_.
_Waltz of the Flowers_ wins Academy Award for Animated Short Film characters: Thumbelina, Janessa, Chrysella from _Barbie Presents Thumbelina_.

## Other websites

- "Waltz of the Flowers", a compilation of images of Tchaikovsky accompanied by "Waltz of the Flowers"
- "Waltz of the Flowers", the Mariinsky Ballet (Kirov Ballet) in October 1993 at Mariinsky Theater in St Petersburg
- "Waltz of the Flowers" played on an organ
Okazaki, Aichi

is a Japanese city in Aichi Prefecture on the island of Honshu.

It has been recognized as a core city since 2003.

## History

In the Edo period, _Fujikawa-shuku_ was one of the fifty-three shogunate-maintained waystations (_shuku-eki_) along the Tōkaidō road which connected Edo and Kyoto.

### Universities and colleges

- National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- National Institute for Basic Biology
- Aichi Gakusen University
- Aichi Gakusen College
- Aichi Sangyo University
- University of Human Environments
- Okazaki Women's Junior College

## Sister cities

- Newport Beach, California, United States, Since November 1984
- Uddevalla, Sweden, since September 1968
- Hohhot, People's Republic of China, since August 1987

## People from Okazaki

- Yuki Fukaya – professional soccer player
- Motoo Kimura - biologist
- Takashi Kondō – voice actor
- Kotomitsuki Keiji – sumo wrestler
- Satoru Nakajima – race car driver
- Kazuki Nakajima – race car driver
- Hiromasa Yamamoto – professional soccer player

## Related pages

- _The Fifty-three Stations of the Tōkaidō_

## Other websites

- Okazaki website 

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Okazaki
- **native name**: 岡崎市
- **native name lang**: ja
- **image skyline**: Okazaki2.jpg
- **image flag**: Flag of Okazaki, Aichi.svg
- **image seal**: Emblem of Okazaki, Aichi.svg
- **image map**: Okazaki in Aichi Prefecture Ja.svg
- **map caption**: <small>Okazaki in Aichi Prefecture, Aichi</small>
- **pushpin map**: Japan
- **pushpin map caption**:  
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Japan
- **subdivision type1**: List of regions of Japan, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Chūbu region, Chūbu, Tōkai region, Tōkai
- **subdivision type2**: Prefectures of Japan, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Aichi Prefecture, Aichi
- **leader name**: Kōichi Shibata
- **leader title1**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 387.24
- **population total**: 373339
- **population as of**: August 2011
- **population density km2**: 964
- **timezone1**: Japan Standard Time
- **utc offset1**: +9
- **blank name sec1**: City Symbols
- **blank1 name sec1**: - Tree
- **blank1 info sec1**: Pine, Japanese black pine
- **blank2 name sec1**: - Flower
- **blank2 info sec1**: Wisteria
- **blank name sec2**: Phone number
- **blank info sec2**: 0564-23-6495
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
- **blank1 info sec2**: 2-9 Jūō-chō, Okazaki-shi, Aichi-ken 444-8601
- **website**: [http://www.city.okazaki.aichi.jp/index.htm City of Okazaki]
Apollo 7

**Apollo 7** was a mission in the NASA's Apollo program. It was the first crewed mission in the Apollo program and the first crewed US space flight after Apollo 1 disaster. The mission was a C type mission. Apollo 7 was launched on October 11, 1968 and stayed in space for 10 days, 20 hours, 9 minutes and three seconds. It orbited the Earth. Apollo 7 was the first crewed launch of the Saturn IB launch vehicle and the first three-person US space mission. The crew were Commander Walter M. Schirra, with Command Module Pilot Donn Eisele and Lunar Module Pilot R. Walter Cunningham. The mission was designed to test the re-made Block II Apollo Command/Service Module. The crew orbited in Earth orbit so that they could check life-support, propulsion and control systems. The mission was a success. It gave NASA the confidence to launch Apollo 8 later.

## Other websites

- NASA NSSDC Master Catalog

## Infobox (spaceflight)

- **name**: Apollo 7
- **image**: Apollo 7 during the first live television transmission from space.jpg
- **image caption**: The crew of Apollo 7 transmitted the first live television broadcast aboard an American crewed spacecraft.
- **insignia**: AP7lucky7.png
- **mission type**: Crewed CSM test flight
- **operator**: NASA
- **cospar id**: 1968-089A
- **satcat**: 3486
- **orbits completed**: 163
- **spacecraft**: Apollo (spacecraft), Apollo CSM-101
- **manufacturer**: Rockwell International, North American Rockwell
- **launch date**:  UTC
- **launch rocket**: Saturn IB SA-205
- **launch site**: Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Cape Kennedy Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 34, LC-34
- **landing date**:  UTC
- **landing site**: North Atlantic Ocean

- **orbit epoch**: October 13, 1968
- **orbit reference**: geocentric orbit, Geocentric
- **orbit regime**: Low Earth orbit
- **orbit inclination**: 31.6 degrees
- **orbit period**: 89.79 minutes
- **apsis**: gee
- **crew size**: 3
- **crew callsign**: Apollo 7
- **crew photo**: The Apollo 7 Prime Crew - GPN-2000-001160.jpg
- **crew photo caption**: Left to right: Eisele, Schirra, Cunningham
- **previous mission**: Apollo 6
- **next mission**: Apollo 8
- **programme**: Apollo program
Arata Isozaki

is a Japanese architect.

## Early life

Isozaki was born in Ōita.

He studied with Kenzo Tange, Kisho Kurokawa, and Fumihiko Maki at the University of Tokyo. He graduated in 1954.

## Career

Isozaki worked for Kenzo Tange & Urtec from 1954 to 1963. He started his own design office in 1963.

In 2005, Arata Isozaki started another office in Italy called Arata Isozaki & Andrea Maffei Associates.

Isozaki was awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize in March 2019.

## List of projects

- Ōita Prefectural Library, Ōita, Japan, 1966
- Kitakyushu Municipal Museum of Art, Kitakyushu, Japan, 1974
- Kitakyushu Central Library, Kitakyushu, Japan, 1975
- West Japan General Exhibition Center, Kitakyushu, Japan, 1977
- Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles, California, US, 1987
- Art Tower Mito, Japan, 1990
- _Palau Sant Jordi_ for the 1992 Summer Olympics, Barcelona, Spain, 1990
- Team Disney,  Orlando, Florida, US, 1992
- _Domus Casa Del Hombre_, La Coruña, Spain, 1995

- Kyoto Concert Hall, Kyoto, Japan, 1995
- Granship Convention Center, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan, 1999
- University of Central Asia's three campuses in Tekeli, Kazakhstan; Naryn, the Kyrgyz Republic; and Khorog, Tajikistan, 2004
- _Torino Palasport Olimpico_, Turin, Italy, 2006
- Diamond Island, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2006
- Himalayas Center, Shanghai, China, 2008
- ...
- 2011 — Maranello Library, Maranello, Italy
- 2012 — Bologna Station, Bologna, Italy
- 2014 — Citylife, Milan, Italy

## Honors

- Royal Institute of British Architects, Royal Gold Medal, 1986

## Other websites

- Arata Isozaki & associates website

## Infobox (architect)

- **image**: Arata Isozaki.jpg
- **image size**: 140
- **name**: Arata Isozaki
- **nationality**: Japanese
- **birth place**: Ōita, Ōita, Ōita, Japan
- **awards**: Royal Gold Medal, 1986
Pritzker Architecture Prize, 2019
Rumour Has It (Adele song)

"**Rumour Has It**" is the fourth hit single from the Adele album _21_. It was released on 5 November 2011. The song was given lots of positive reviews from music critics in. The song was written by Adele along with Ryan Tedder of OneRepublic, who also produced the song.  It reached number 16 on the charts in the US and Canada.  In the US, it was certified double-Platinum for shipments of over two million copies.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Rumour Has It
- **artist**: Adele (singer), Adele
- **album**: 21 (album), 21
- **released**: 5 November 2011
- **recorded**: 2011
- **label**: XL Recordings, XL
- **producer**: Ryan Tedder
- **prev title**: Set Fire to the Rain
- **prev year**: 2011
- **next title**: Turning Tables (Adele song), Turning Tables
- **next year**: 2011
What Makes You Beautiful

"**What Makes You Beautiful**" was the first single released by the British-Irish boyband One Direction. It is from their album _Up All Night_ (2011). It was released by Syco Records on 11 September 2011. Written by Rami Yacoub, Carl Falk and Savan Kotecha and produced by Yacoub and Falk, "What Makes You Beautiful" is a teen pop song.

"What Makes You Beautiful" sold 153,965 copies in its first week. In the United States, the single became the highest Billboard Hot 100 debut for a U.K. act since 1998.
C-sharp

**C-sharp** (also written as **C** or **C#**) could mean:

- C-sharp major, musical scale
- C-sharp minor, musical scale
- C# (programming language)
Kitakyushu Municipal Museum of Art

is an art museum in Japan. It is on a hill in Tobata ward of Kitakyushu in Fukuoka Prefecture.

The museum has 6,000 artworks.

The museum shows the work of Japanese artists, like Hokusai's woodblock print _The Great Wave off Kanagawa_ by Hokusai.

The collection of Western art includes a portrait of Edouard Manet and his wife painted by Edgar Degas in 1869.

The current building was designed by Arata Isozaki.  It was built in 1974.

## History

The municipal art collection was established in the 19th century.

## Other websites

- Kitakyushu Municipal Museum of Art website 
- "Campaign & Products," 2004 exhibition
Xerophile

**Xerophiles** are extremophile organisms that can grow and reproduce in conditions with almost no water.

Many moulds and yeasts are xerophilic. Mould growth on bread is an example of food spoilt by a xerophilic fungus.

Examples:
- _Trichosporonoides nigrescens_.
- Cacti are also a type of xerophile.
- Tardigrades can survive for almost a decade without exposure to water.
- Soil microbes of the Atacama Desert

## Related pages

- Xerophyte
Kaley Cuoco

**Kaley Christine Cuoco** (born November 30, 1985) is an American actress. She was born in Camarillo, California. She played major roles in _8 Simple Rules_ and _Charmed_. She plays the main female character Penny in _The Big Bang Theory_.

Cuoco married tennis player Ryan Sweeting on December 31, 2013. The couple said in September 2015 that they are going to divorce.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kaley Cuoco
- **image**: Kaley Cuoco by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Cuoco in July 2017
- **alias**: Kaley Cuoco-Sweeting
- **birth name**: Kaley Christine Cuoco
- **birth place**: Camarillo, California, U.S.
- **television**: _8 Simple Rules_, _Charmed_, _The Big Bang Theory_
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1992–present
Molly Ringwald

**Molly Kathleen Ringwald** (born February 18, 1968) is an American actress. She was born in Roseville, California. She is best known for her starring roles in John Hughes movies _Sixteen Candles_ (1984), _The Breakfast Club_ (1985), and _Pretty in Pink_ (1986).
Ensemble

An **ensemble** is a group of people who work or perform together. By extension, it can mean a coordinated outfit of clothing, or anything where a group contributes to a coordinated whole.

The term is most used in music. A musical ensemble is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal music. In classical music, trios or quartets often group together instruments from the same instrument family, such as string ensembles or wind ensembles. The term is also used in jazz, where the instruments typically include wind instruments.

An ensemble usually consists of three or four people with similar skill levels. The word originated in late middle English (as an adverb) meaning "at the same time". It is from French, based on the Latin _insimul_. The noun dates from the mid 18th century.
Dirty Dancing

***Dirty Dancing*** is a 1987 American romantic drama movie directed by Emile Ardolino. It is set in 1963 in the Catskill Mountains, New York. It stars Jennifer Grey as a 17 year old on vacation and Patrick Swayze as the resort's dance instructor. The movie did very well at the box office and it became a cult classic.

A remake was released in 2017.
New Japan Pro Wrestling roster

The **New Japan Pro Wrestling roster** is a list of professional wrestlers who are featured by New Japan Pro Wrestling.

## Roster

|style="background:#e3e3e3; width:15%;"|Ring name|style="background:#e3e3e3; width:15%;"|Real name|style="background:#e3e3e3; width:20%;"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||IWGP Tag Team Champion||||
|||IWGP Tag Team Champion||||
|||Co-head booker||||
|||IWGP Junior Heavyweight Champion Has a dual contract with New Japan and Dramatic Dream Team.||||
|||IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champion||||
|||IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champion||||
|||Co-head booker||||
|||NEVER Openweight Champion||||
|||IWGP Heavyweight Champion||||
|||Inactive; on a journey in the United Kingdom||||
|||IWGP Intercontinental Champion||||
|||Pro Wrestling Zero1||||
|||Inactive; on a journey in the United States||||

## Other websites

- Roster at njpw.co.jp
Ternary form

**Ternary form** is a musical form. It is also called song form or minuet and trio. These forms all have three distinct sections. The three sections are written in shorthand as ABA. The music in the A sections is the same, or very nearly the same. The music in the B section is different from the A sections. The B section usually provides some sort of musical contrast to the A sections. It may be composed in a different but related key, for example. The B section is often called the "trio", especially in minuets, scherzi, marches, polonaises, etc. The B section came to be called the "trio" because a Baroque composer consistently scored this section in his minuets for three instruments.

## Sources

- "Binary and ternary form" in the _Harvard Dictionary of Music_, 2nd ed. rev. and enlarged (1969). Willi Apel, ed. Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
- See "Trio (2)" in the _Harvard Dictionary of Music_, 2nd ed. rev. and enlarged (1969). Willi Apel, ed. Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press