juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Niobrara County, Wyoming

**Niobrara County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2,467 people lived there. Its county seat is Lusk. Its eastern boundary abuts the west lines of the states of Nebraska and South Dakota.

## History

Niobrara County was created on February 21, 1911.

The county was named for the Niobrara River, which rises near Lusk.

## Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which  is land and  (0.07%) is water.

### Bordering counties

- Weston County – north
- Custer County, South Dakota – northeast
- Fall River County, South Dakota – east
- Sioux County, Nebraska – southeast
- Goshen County – south
- Platte County – southwest
- Converse County – west

### Towns

- Lusk (county seat)
- Manville
- Van Tassell

### Census-designated place

- Lance Creek

### Unincorporated communities

- Keeline
- Riverview

## Other websites

- Niobrara County, Wyoming official website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Niobrara County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **ex image**: Stagecoach Museum Lusk WY.jpg
- **ex image size**: 220px
- **ex image cap**: Stagecoach Museum in Lusk
- **founded**: February 21, 1911 (authorized)
1913 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Lusk
- **largest city**: Lusk
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 2628
- **area land sq mi**: 2626
- **area water sq mi**: 1.9
- **area percentage**: 0.07%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 2467
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: http://www.niobraracounty.org
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Niobrara River
Platte County, Wyoming

**Platte County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 8,605 people lived there. Its county seat is Wheatland.

## History

Platte County was created on February 21, 1911. The county was named for the North Platte River, which flows through the northeastern part of the county.

## Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which  is land and  (1.3%) is water. It is the third-smallest county in Wyoming by area.

### Bordering counties

- Niobrara County (northeast)
- Goshen County (east)
- Laramie County (south)
- Albany County (west)
- Converse County (northwest)

### Towns

- Chugwater
- Glendo
- Guernsey
- Hartville
- Wheatland (county seat)

### Census-designated places

- Chugcreek
- Lakeview North
- Slater
- Westview Circle
- Y-O Ranch
- Whiting

### Unincorporated communities

- Bordeaux
- Diamond
- Dwyer
- Dwyer Junction
- Uva
- Wendover

### Ghost towns

- Sunrise

## Other websites

- Platte County, Wyoming official website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Platte County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **ex image**: WheatlandWY PlatteCountyCourthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Platte County Courthouse in Wheatland
- **flag**: Flag of Platte County, Wyoming.svg
- **founded**: February 21, 1911 (authorized)
1913 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Wheatland
- **largest city**: Wheatland
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 2111
- **area land sq mi**: 2084
- **area water sq mi**: 27
- **area percentage**: 1.3%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 8605
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: plattecountywyoming.com
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **named for**: North Platte River
- **district**: At-large
Sheridan County, Wyoming

**Sheridan County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 30,921 people lived there. Its county seat is Sheridan.

### City

- Sheridan (county seat)

### Towns

- Clearmont
- Dayton
- Ranchester

### Census-designated places

- Arvada
- Big Horn
- Parkman
- Story

### Unincorporated communities

- Acme
- Banner
- Beckton
- Burgess Junction
- Kleenburn
- Leiter
- Ucross
- Ulm
- Wolf
- Wyarno

## Other websites

- Sheridan County, Wyoming official website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Sheridan County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **flag**: Flag of Sheridan County, Wyoming.gif
- **founded year**: 1888
- **founded date**: March 9
- **seat wl**: Sheridan
- **largest city wl**: Sheridan
- **area total sq mi**: 2527
- **area land sq mi**: 2524
- **area water sq mi**: 3.1
- **area percentage**: 0.1%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 30921
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.sheridancounty.com
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **ex image**: SHERIDAN COUNTY COURTHOUSE.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Sheridan County Courthouse
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Philip Sheridan
Sublette County, Wyoming

**Sublette County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 8,728 people lived there. Its county seat is Pinedale. The county was created on February 15, 1921.

### Towns

- Big Piney
- Marbleton
- Pinedale (county seat)

### Census-designated places

- Bondurant
- Boulder
- Cora
- Daniel

### Unincorporated community

- Calpet

## Other websites

- Sublette County, Wyoming official website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Sublette County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **ex image**: Overlooking Pinedale, WY from the east in the winter, Dec 2016.jpg
- **ex image size**: 220px
- **ex image cap**: Pinedale, Wyoming
- **founded**: February 15, 1921(authorized)
1923 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Pinedale
- **largest city**: Pinedale
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 4936
- **area land sq mi**: 4887
- **area water sq mi**: 49
- **area percentage**: 1.0%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 8728
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.sublettewyo.com
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **named for**: William Sublette
- **district**: At-large
Sheridan, Wyoming

**Sheridan** is a city in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the county seat of Sheridan County.
Sweetwater County, Wyoming

**Sweetwater County** is a county in southwestern Wyoming, United States. As of the 2020 census, 42,272 people lived there. Its county seat is Green River. Its southern boundary line abuts the north lines of the states of Colorado and Utah.

## History

Sweetwater County was created on December 17, 1867.

## Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which  is land and  (0.6%) is water. It is the largest county in Wyoming by area.

### Bordering counties

- Fremont County (north)
- Carbon County (east)
- Moffat County, Colorado (south)
- Daggett County, Utah (southwest)
- Summit County, Utah (west-southwest)
- Uinta County (southwest)
- Lincoln County (west)
- Sublette County (northwest)

### Cities

- Green River (county seat)
- Rock Springs

### Towns

- Bairoil
- Granger
- Superior
- Wamsutter

### Census-designated places

- Arrowhead Springs
- Clearview Acres
- Eden
- Farson
- James Town
- Little America
- McKinnon
- North Rock Springs
- Point of Rocks
- Purple Sage
- Reliance
- Sweeney Ranch
- Table Rock
- Washam

### Other unincorporated communities

- Blairtown
- Creston
- Quealy
- Red Desert
- Riner

### Ghost towns

- Bryan
- Linwood (mostly within the State of Utah)
- Table Rock
- Winton

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Sweetwater County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **ex image cap**: Rock Springs, Wyoming, Rock Springs City Hall, 2007
- **ex image**: DowntownRS.jpg
- **flag**: Flag of Sweetwater County, Wyoming.svg
- **area codes**: Area code 307, 307
- **founded year**: 1867
- **founded date**: December 17
- **seat wl**: Green River
- **largest city wl**: Rock Springs
- **area total sq mi**: 10491
- **area land sq mi**: 10427
- **area water sq mi**: 64
- **area percentage**: 0.6%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 42272
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.sweetwatercountywy.gov
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Sweetwater River (Wyoming), Sweetwater River
Uinta County, Wyoming

**Uinta County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 20,450 people lived there. Its county seat is Evanston.

### City

- Evanston (county seat)

### Towns

- Bear River
- Lyman
- Mountain View

### Census-designated places

- Carter
- Fort Bridger
- Lonetree
- Robertson
- Urie

### Unincorported communities

- Aspen

### Ghost towns

- Almy
- Bear River City
- Piedmont

## Other websites

- Official county website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Uinta County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **flag**: Flag of Uinta County, Wyoming.gif
- **founded**: December 1, 1869
- **seat wl**: Evanston
- **largest city**: Evanston
- **area total sq mi**: 2088
- **area land sq mi**: 2081
- **area water sq mi**: 6.3
- **area percentage**: 0.3%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 20450
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **web**: www.uintacounty.com
- **ex image**: Uinta County Courthouse Evanston Wyoming.jpeg
- **ex image cap**: Uinta County Courthouse in Evanston
- **named for**: Uinta Mountains
- **district**: At-large
Washakie County, Wyoming

**Washakie County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 7,685 people lived there. Its county seat is Worland. The county was created on February 21, 1911.

### City

- Worland (county seat)

### Town

- Ten Sleep

### Census-designated places

- Airport Road
- Mc Nutt
- South Flat
- Washakie Ten
- West River
- Winchester

### Unincorporated community

- Big Trails

## Other websites

- Washakie County, Wyoming Official Website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Washakie County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **ex image**: Indian Totem, Worland, Wyoming (4402346136).jpg
- **ex image size**: 220px
- **ex image cap**: Indian Totem in Worland
- **founded**: February 21, 1911 (authorized)
1913 (organized)
- **seat wl**: Worland
- **largest city**: Worland
- **area total sq mi**: 2243
- **area land sq mi**: 2239
- **area water sq mi**: 4.2
- **area percentage**: 0.2%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 7685
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.washakiecounty.net
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **named for**: Chief Washakie
- **district**: At-large
Weston County, Wyoming

**Weston County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 census, 6,838 people lived there. Its county seat is Newcastle. Its east boundary line abuts the west line of the state of South Dakota.

## History

Weston County was created on March 12, 1890.

### City

- Newcastle (county seat)

### Town

- Upton

### Census-designated places

- Hill View Heights
- Osage

### Unincorporated communities

- Clareton
- Four Corners

### Ghost towns

- Buckhorn
- Cambria
- Tubb Town

## Other websites

- Official county website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Weston County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **flag**: Flag of Weston County, Wyoming.gif
- **founded**: March 12, 1890
- **seat wl**: Newcastle
- **largest city**: Newcastle
- **area total sq mi**: 2400
- **area land sq mi**: 2398
- **area water sq mi**: 1.9
- **area percentage**: 0.08%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 6838
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: westongov.com
- **ex image**: Weston County Courthouse Wyoming.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Weston County Courthouse in Newcastle
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **district**: At-large
- **named for**: Jefferson B. Weston
Henrietta, Texas

**Henrietta** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Clay County.

## History

Henrietta was created in 1874.

## Geography

Henrietta has a total area of 5.2 square miles.

## People

Henrietta has 3,111 people living there.

## Well-known people

- Charlene Arthur

## Infobox (settlement)

- **image skyline**: Clay Co Courthouse Henrietta, TX.JPG
1962 Indian presidential election

The Election Commission of India held the indirect third presidential elections of India on 7 May 1962.

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was elected as the Indian president in 1962.

## Schedule

The election schedule was announced by the Election Commission on 6 April 1962.

|S.No.|Poll Event|Date|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Last Date for filing nomination|16 April 1962||
|Date for Scrutiny of nomination|18 April 1962||
|Last Date for Withdrawal of nomination|21 April 1962||
|Date of Poll|7 May 1962||
|**Date of Counting**|colspan="2" style="text-align:center|**11 May 1962**|

## Results

Source: Web archive of Election Commission of India website
|Candidate|Electoral Values|
| --- | --- |
|**Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan**|**553,067**|
|Chowdhry Hari Ram|6,341|
|Yamuna Prasad Trisulia|3,537|
|**Total**|**562,945**|

## Infobox (election)

- **election name**: 1962 Indian presidential election
- **country**: India
- **type**: presidential
- **ongoing**: no
- **previous election**: 1957 Indian presidential election
- **previous year**: 1957
- **next election**: 1967 Indian presidential election
- **next year**: 1967
- **election date**: May 7, 1962
- **image1**: Photograph of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan presented to First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in 1962.jpg
- **nominee1**: **Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan**
- **party1**: Independent (politician)
- **home state1**: Andhra Pradesh
- **electoral vote1**: **553,067**
- **percentage1**: **98.2%**
- **image2**: No image.svg
- **nominee2**: Chowdhry Hari Ram
- **party2**: Independent (politician)
- **home state2**: Punjab (India), Punjab
- **electoral vote2**: 6,341
- **percentage2**: 1.1%
- **title**: President
- **before election**: Rajendra Prasad
- **before party**: Independent (politician)
- **after election**: Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- **after party**: Independent (politician)
Edward Shotter

**Edward Frank Shotter** (29 June 1933 – 3 July 2019) was an Anglican priest and author.   He is most notable for starting the London Medical Group in the mid-1960s. This was a forum for the discussion of the ethical issues of medicine.  He went on to enable the establishment of similar groups in other UK medical schools, and in the 1970s both to found the _Journal of Medical Ethics_, today among the most widely read and cited in its field, and the Institute of Medical Ethics, which today coordinates and supports teaching, learning and research in medical ethics nationwide. From 1966 to 1989 he was Director of Studies at the London Medical Group when he was appointed Dean of Rochester, a post he held until retirement in 2003.

Shotter died on 3 July 2019, four days after his 86th birthday.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **name**: Edward Frank Shotter
- **caption**: Shotter in December 2016
- **image**: Edward Shotter (2016).jpg
- **birth date**: 29 June 1933
Lisa Lu

**Lisa Lu Yan** (; born July 8, 1927) is a Chinese-born American actress and singer. She won the Golden Horse Awards three times in the 1970s. She was born in Beijing and raised in California. Lu is known for her roles in _The Mountain Road_, _Demon Seed_, Peter Bogdanovich's _Saint Jack_, _The Last Emperor_, _The Joy Luck Club_ and _Crazy Rich Asians_.
Bruce Laingen

**Lowell Bruce Laingen** (August 6, 1922 – July 15, 2019) was an American diplomat. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Malta from 1977 to 1979. He worked under the Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter presidencies. He was a World War II veteran. Laingen was best known for having been the most senior American official held hostage during the Iran hostage crisis.

He was the chargé d'affaires (head of diplomatic mission) at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran at the time of the crisis. He was born in Butterfield, Minnesota.

Laingen died on July 15, 2019 at a hospital in Bethesda, Maryland of problems caused from Parkinson's disease, aged 96.
Butterfield, Minnesota

**Butterfield** is a city in Watonwan County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 601 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Butterfield, Minnesota
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "Home Of The Butterfield Steam And Gas Engine Show"
- **image skyline**: Butterfield, MN.jpg
- **image map**: Watonwan_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Butterfield_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Butterfield, Minnesota
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Minnesota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Minnesota, County
- **subdivision name2**: Watonwan County, Minnesota, Watonwan
- **government type**: Mayor – Council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established date2**: April 5, 1885
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.05
- **area land km2**: 1.05
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.41
- **area land sq mi**: 0.41
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 601
- **population density km2**: 572.46
- **population density sq mi**: 1483.95
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1188
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 56120
- **area code**: Area code 507, 507
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 27-08992
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2393484
John Tanton

**John H. Tanton** (February 23, 1934 – July 16, 2019) was an American ophthalmologist, white nationalist and anti-immigration activist. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Tanton was the founder and first chairman of the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), an anti-immigration organization. He was the co-founder of the Center for Immigration Studies, an anti-immigration think tank; and NumbersUSA, an anti-immigration lobbying group.

He was chairman of U.S. English and ProEnglish. He was the founder of The Social Contract Press. He founded the pro-eugenics organization Society for Genetic Education.

Tanton died in Petoskey, Michigan on July 16, 2019 from Parkinson's disease at the age of 85.
Petoskey, Michigan

**Petoskey** is a city and coastal resort community in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was about 5,877 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Emmet County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Petoskey, Michigan
- **settlement type**: City
- **imagesize**: 275
- **pushpin map**: Michigan
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin label**: Petoskey
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of Michigan
- **image map**: Petoskey, Michigan location2.png
- **mapsize**: 250
- **map caption**: Location within Emmet County, Michigan, Emmet County
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. states, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Michigan, County
- **subdivision name2**: Emmet County, Michigan, Emmet
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City manager, Manager
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1879 (village)
1895 (city)
- **area total km2**: 13.82
- **area land km2**: 13.33
- **area water km2**: 0.49
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 5877
- **population density sq mi**: 1141.83
- **population density km2**: 440.88
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 669
- **area total sq mi**: 5.33
- **area land sq mi**: 5.15
- **area water sq mi**: 0.19
- **elevation m**: 202
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code, ZIP code
- **postal code**: 49770
- **area code**: Area code 231, 231
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 26-63820
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0634731
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **named for**: Petosegay
Ernie Broglio

**Ernest Gilbert Broglio** (; August 27, 1935 – July 16, 2019) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals and Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball from 1959 to 1966. He was born in Berkeley, California. Broglio was best known as the "other player" in the controversial trade that sent future Baseball Hall of Fame outfielder Lou Brock from the Cubs to the Cardinals in June 1964.

Broglio died on July 16, 2019 from cancer in San Jose, California at the age of 83.
Howard Engel

**Howard Engel** CM (April 2, 1931 – July 17, 2019) was a Canadian mystery writer and CBC producer. He was well known for his novel series of Benny Cooperman detective novels. Engel was a founder of Crime Writers of Canada. He was born in St. Catharines, Ontario.

Engel died of pneumonia on July 17, 2019 in Toronto at the age of 88.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Howard Engel
- **image**: Howard Engel3.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Engel in 2007
- **birth place**: St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **occupation**: Writer, producer
- **genre**: Drama, crime fiction
- **notableworks**: _Benny Cooperman_ series
- **spouse**: Marian Engel
(m. 1962; div. 1978)
Janet Hamilton
- **children**: 3
Pumpsie Green

**Elijah Jerry "Pumpsie" Green** (October 27, 1933 – July 17, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) infielder. He played with the Boston Red Sox from 1959 to 1962) and for the New York Mets in 1963. He was a switch-hitter who threw right-handed. He was listed as  tall and . Green was born in Boley, Oklahoma.

Green died at a hospital in San Leandro, California on July 17, 2019 at the age of 85.
Boley, Oklahoma

**Boley** is a town in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,091 at the 2020 census. Boley was made a town in 1903 as a Black pioneer town with a few Native Americans among its citizens.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Boley, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: 100th Birthday Rodeo & Bar-B-Q Festival, Boley, Oklahoma.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Boley 100th Birthday Rodeo & Bar-B-Q Festival
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Boley.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Boley, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, Okfuskee
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: May 10th, 1905
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 4.19
- **area land km2**: 4.18
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **area total sq mi**: 1.62
- **area land sq mi**: 1.61
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1091
- **population density km2**: 261.00
- **population density sq mi**: 675.96
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 860
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74829
- **area codes**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-07500
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2411705
Ian Chappell

**Ian Michael Chappell** (born 26 September 1943) is a retired Australian cricketer and commentator. He played for South Australia and Australia. He captained Australia between 1971 and 1975. He was born in Unley, South Australia.

Chappell was known as "**Chappelli**". He is thought to be one of the greatest captains of cricket.

He retired in 1980. He became a cricket commentator, working for Channel Nine. Chappell was added into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1986, the FICA Cricket Hall of Fame in 2000 and the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame in 2003. In July 2009, Chappell was added into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.

In July 2019, Chappell announced that he had skin cancer.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Ian Chappell
- **image**: File:Chappelli2.jpg
- **fullname**: Ian Michael Chappell
- **nickname**: Chappelli
- **birth place**: Unley, South Australia
- **heightm**: 1.80
- **batting**: Right-handed
- **bowling**: Right-arm leg spin
- **role**: Batting order (cricket)#Top order, Top-order batter
- **family**: Greg Chappell (brother)
Trevor Chappell (brother)
Vic Richardson (grandfather)
- **international**: true
- **internationalspan**: 1964–1980
- **country**: Australia
- **testdebutdate**: 4 December
- **testdebutyear**: 1964
- **testdebutagainst**: Pakistan
- **testcap**: 231
- **lasttestdate**: 6 February
- **lasttestyear**: 1980
- **lasttestagainst**: England
- **odidebutdate**: 5 January
- **odidebutyear**: 1971
- **odidebutagainst**: England
- **odicap**: 2
- **lastodidate**: 14 January
- **lastodiyear**: 1980
- **lastodiagainst**: England
- **club1**: Southern Redbacks, South Australia
- **club2**: Lancashire County Cricket Club, Lancashire
- **year2**: 1963
- **columns**: 4
- **column1**: Test cricket, Test
- **matches1**: 75
- **runs1**: 5,345
- **bat avg1**: 42.42
- **100s/50s1**: 14/26
- **top score1**: 196
- **deliveries1**: 2,873
- **wickets1**: 20
- **bowl avg1**: 65.80
- **fivefor1**: 0
- **tenfor1**: 0
- **best bowling1**: 2/21
- **catches/stumpings1**: 105/–
- **column2**: One Day International, ODI
- **matches2**: 16
- **runs2**: 673
- **bat avg2**: 48.07
- **100s/50s2**: 0/8
- **top score2**: 86
- **deliveries2**: 42
- **wickets2**: 2
- **bowl avg2**: 11.50
- **fivefor2**: 0
- **tenfor2**: 0
- **best bowling2**: 2/14
- **catches/stumpings2**: 5/–
- **column3**: First-class cricket, FC
- **matches3**: 262
- **runs3**: 19,680
- **bat avg3**: 48.35
- **100s/50s3**: 59/96
- **top score3**: 209
- **deliveries3**: 13,143
- **wickets3**: 176
- **bowl avg3**: 37.57
- **fivefor3**: 2
- **tenfor3**: 0
- **best bowling3**: 5/29
- **catches/stumpings3**: 312/1
- **column4**: List A cricket, LA
- **matches4**: 37
- **runs4**: 1,277
- **bat avg4**: 39.90
- **100s/50s4**: 0/13
- **top score4**: 93not out, *
- **deliveries4**: 202
- **wickets4**: 5
- **bowl avg4**: 28.40
- **fivefor4**: 0
- **tenfor4**: 0
- **best bowling4**: 2/14
- **catches/stumpings4**: 20/–
- **date**: 13 November
- **year**: 2007
- **source**: http://content.cricinfo.com/australia/content/player/4560.html Cricinfo
Wesley Pruden

**James Wesley Pruden Jr.**, known as **Wesley Pruden** (December 18, 1935 – July 17, 2019) was an American journalist and author. He was the editor-in-chief of _The Washington Times_ from 1992 until his retirement in 2008.

## Infobox (person)

- **nationality**: United States
- **birth name**: James Wesley Pruden Jr.
- **birth place**: Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **occupation**: Journalist with _The Washington Times_
- **years active**: 1956–2019
- **alma mater**: University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Husaini Abdullahi

Vice-Admiral **Husaini Abdullahi** (3 March 1939 – 9 July 2019) was a Nigerian military admiral and politician. He was the military governor of Bendel State, Nigeria from March 1976 to July 1978 during the  military regime of General Olusegun Obasanjo.

Abdullahi died on 9 July 2019 at the age of 80.
Nikola Hajdin

**Nikola Hajdin** (Serbian Cyrillic Никола Хајдин); 4 April 1923 – 17 July 2019) was a Serbian construction engineer and  professor. He was the president of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts from 2003 to 2015 as a member of the Department of Technical Sciences. He was born in Vrbovsko, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Hajdin died on 17 July 2019 in Belgrade at the age of 96.
Charles Ceccaldi-Raynaud

**Charles Ceccaldi-Raynaud** (25 June 1925 – 18 July 2019) was a French lawyer and politician. A member of The Republicans, he was a member of the National Assembly from 1993 to 1995, and the Senate from 1995 to 2004, representing Hauts-de-Seine. He was Mayor of Puteaux from 1969 to 2004.

He was the author of a book about the Algerian War. He was born in Bastia, France. Ceccaldi-Raynaud died on 18 July 2019 at the age of 94.
Luciano De Crescenzo

**Luciano De Crescenzo** (; 20 August 1928 – 18 July 2019) was an Italian writer, actor, director and engineer. He was mainly known as an author and screenwriter. His best known screenplay was for the 1980 comedy _Il pap'occhio_.

## Death

De Crescenzo was hospitalized in Rome for pneumonia in July 2019. He died several days later on 18 July 2019 from the disease at the age of 90.

## Bibliography

- Tutti santi me compreso, Milano, A. Mondadori, 2011.
- Fosse 'a Madonna!, Milano, A. Mondadori, 2012.
- Garibaldi era comunista, Milano, A. Mondadori, 2013.
- Gesù è nato a Napoli, Milano, A. Mondadori, 2013.
- Ti porterà fortuna. Guida insolita di Napoli, Milano, A. Mondadori, 2014.

## Movies (director)

- _Così parlò Bellavista_ (1984)
- _Il mistero di Bellavista_ (1985)
- _32 dicembre_ (1987)
- _Croce e delizia_ (1995)

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Luciano De Crescenzo
- **image**: Decrescenzo2.jpg
- **caption**: Luciano De Crescenzo
- **birth place**: Naples, Italy
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **occupation**: writer, actor, director
Yao Lee

**Yao Lee** (), also credited as **Yao Li**, **Yiu Lei** and **Hue Lee** (19 July 1922 – 19 July 2019) was a Chinese singer. She was born in Shanghai. Yao was active from the 1930s to the 1970s. She was the sister of Yao Min. She was thought to be one of the Seven great singing stars of Shanghai in the 1940s. Her best known song was "Rose, Rose, I Love You" (1940).

Yao died on 19 July 2019 in Hong Kong at the age of 96.
Bob Beckwith

**Robert Beckwith** (April 16, 1932 – February 4, 2024) was an American firefighter. He was a member of the New York City Fire Department.

Beckwith became well known to the United States' after he stood next to President George W. Bush as the president gave a speech at the ruins of the World Trade Center after the attacks of September 11, 2001.

Photos of Beckwith and the president appeared on the front page of the _New York Daily News_ and the cover of _Time_ magazine.

Beckwith met several times with President Bush since then, spoken many times in public, and acted as a fundraiser for charities.

Beckwith died from cancer while under hospice care in Rockville Centre, New York, on February 4, 2024, at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- WPIX Interview with Beckwith following the killing of Osama bin Laden

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Bob Beckwith.jpg
- **caption**: Beckwith on September 14, 2001
- **birth name**: Robert Beckwith
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Rockville Centre, New York, Rockville Centre, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Cancer
- **occupation**: Firefighter
- **children**: 6
Danding Cojuangco

**Eduardo "Danding" Murphy Cojuangco Jr.** (10 June 1935 – 16 June 2020) was a Filipino businessman and politician. He was the chairman of San Miguel Corporation. It is the largest food and beverage corporation in the Philippines and Southeast Asia. He was the Governor of Tarlac from 1967 to 1969 and member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 1969 to 1972.

In 2016, his personal wealth was around US$1.1 billion. He was born in Paniqui, Tarlac. He founded the Nationalist People's Coalition in 1992. He ran for President of the Philippines in 1992, but came in third place losing to Fidel V. Ramos.

Cojuangco Jr. died in Manila on 16 June 2020 from heart failure and pneumonia caused by cancer, aged 85.
Peping Cojuangco

**José Sumulong Cojuangco Jr.** (born **José Cojuangco y Sumulong** on September 19, 1934), more popularly known as **Peping Cojuangco**, is a Filipino politician. He was a Philippine Congressman and the 9th president of the Philippine Olympic Committee from 2004 to 2018.

He is the younger brother Corazon Aquino and uncle of Benigno Aquino III, both were Philippine presidents.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: José S. Cojuangco Jr.
- **image**: Peping Cojuangco.jpg
- **order**: 9th
- **office**: President of the Philippine Olympic Committee
- **term start**: January 2005
- **term end**: March 5, 2018
- **predecessor**: Celso Dayrit
- **successor**: Ricky Vargas, Victorico P. Vargas
- **office1**: Member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines, Philippine House of Representatives from Legislative districts of Tarlac#1st District, Tarlac's First District
- **term start1**: June 30, 1987
- **term end1**: June 30, 1998
- **predecessor1**: _Vacant_
<small>Post last held by Eduardo Cojuangco Jr.</small>
- **successor1**: Gilbert Teodoro, Gilberto C. Teodoro Jr.
- **term start2**: December 30, 1961
- **term end2**: December 30, 1969
- **predecessor2**: Jose J. Roy
- **successor2**: Eduardo Cojuangco Jr.
- **office3**: Municipal Mayor of Paniqui, Tarlac
- **term start3**: 1959
- **term end3**: 1961
- **birth place**: Intramuros, Manila, Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, Philippine Islands
- **residence**: Dasmariñas Village, Makati, Metro Manila
- **party**: Lakas ng Bayan, LABAN (c. 1978)
PDP-Laban (1983-1988)
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, LDP (1988-1997)
Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino, KAMPI (1997-2009)
- **spouse**: Tingting Cojuangco, Margarita de los Reyes
- **children**: 5 (inc. Mikee Cojuangco-Jaworski, Mikaela Ma. Antonia)
Marly Sarney

**Marly de Pádua Macieira Sarney** (born December 4, 1932) is a Brazilian socialite and philanthropist. She is the wife of the former President José Sarney. She was First Lady of Brazil during the presidency of her husband, between 1985 and 1990.

Sarney married José Sarney on July 12, 1952. She was born in São Luís, Brazil.
Anacrusis

In music and poetry, an **anacrusis** (plural _anacruses_) is a very short introduction.  The word comes from the  (anákrousis), which means literally, "pushing up". It is a set of notes or syllables, perhaps just a single one. It comes before the first beat of a musical phrase, or a  line of poetry. It is not part of any musical phrase, or line of poetry which might have come before it. The word is sometimes used in publishing. It is very short, and not the literary or musical introduction, foreword, or with a preface). In music it is often called a "pick up" note.
Steve Smith

**Steve Smith** may refer to:
- Steve Smith (cricketer), (born 1989), Australian international cricketer
- Steve Smith (American Dad!), (born 1991), fictional character in the animated television series American Dad!
Pramod Kharel

**Pramod Kharel** (; born 6 November 1979) is a Nepalese singer. He is also judge of The Voice Of Nepal.

## Discography

- Prapti
- Pranaya
- Prabeg

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Pramod Kharel
- **image**: Pramod Kharel.JPG
- **caption**: Kharel singing national song during 2013 ACC Twenty20 Cup
- **birth name**: प्रमोद खरेल
- **birth place**: Jhapa District, Jhapa, Nepal
- **genre**: Modern Songs, Playback singer
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: (1999 – present)
Pontotoc County, Mississippi

**Pontotoc County** is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 31,184 people lived there. Its county seat is Pontotoc.

## Other websites

- Official county website

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Pontotoc County
- **state**: Mississippi
- **type**: County (United States), County
- **ex image**: Pontotoc County Courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Pontotoc County Courthouse in Pontotoc
- **image flag**: Flag of Pontotoc City and County, Mississippi.svg
- **founded**: 1836
- **seat wl**: Pontotoc
- **largest city wl**: Pontotoc
- **area total sq mi**: 501
- **area land sq mi**: 498
- **area water sq mi**: 3.3
- **area percentage**: 0.7
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 31184
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: http://pontotoccoms.com/
- **district**: 1st
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Chickasaw language, Chickasaw word for the region meaning either "Typha, cattail prairie" "land of hanging grapes"
Amite County, Mississippi

**Amite County** is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi on the southern border with Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, 12,720 people lived there. Its county seat is Liberty. The county is named after the Amite River which runs through the county. It was founded in 1809.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Amite County
- **state**: Mississippi
- **founded**: 1809
- **seat wl**: Liberty
- **largest city wl**: Gloster
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 736
- **area land sq mi**: 730
- **area water sq mi**: 1.5
- **area percentage**: 0.2
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 12720
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: http://www.amitecounty.ms
- **ex image**: Amite county ms courthouse 2018.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Amite County courthouse in Liberty
- **district**: 3rd
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Amite River
Fort Stockton, Texas

**Fort Stockton** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Pecos County.
Giddings, Texas

**Giddings** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Lee County.
Kerrville, Texas

**Kerrville** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Kerr County.
Adams County, Mississippi

**Adams County** is a county found in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 29,538 people lived there. The county seat is Natchez. The county was created on April 2, 1799. It is named for John Adams, the second President of the United States.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Adams County
- **state**: Mississippi
- **founded**: 1799
- **seat wl**: Natchez
- **largest city wl**: Natchez
- **area total sq mi**: 488
- **area land sq mi**: 462
- **area water sq mi**: 25
- **area percentage**: 5.2
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 29538
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: https://www.adamscountyms.net/
- **district**: 2nd
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: John Adams
- **ex image**: Adams County Courthouse, Natchez, MS IMG_6982.JPG
- **ex image size**: 250
- **ex image cap**: The Adams County Courthouse at 201 South Wall Street in Natchez was built in 1821 and enlarged in 1925.
Alcorn County, Mississippi

**Alcorn County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, 34,740 people lived there. Its county seat is Corinth. The county was founded in 1870. It is named in honor of Governor James L. Alcorn.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Alcorn County
- **state**: Mississippi
- **founded**: 1870
- **seat wl**: Corinth
- **largest city wl**: Corinth
- **area total sq mi**: 401
- **area land sq mi**: 400
- **area water sq mi**: 1.3
- **area percentage**: 0.3
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 34740
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.alcorncounty.org
- **ex image**: Alcorn County Courthouse Mississippi.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Alcorn County Courthouse and Confederate statue
- **ex image size**: 225px
- **district**: 1st
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: James L. Alcorn
Springerville, Arizona

**Springerville** is a town of Apache County in the state of Arizona in the United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,717 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Springerville official website
- Round Valley History
- Springerville News
- "Springerville, Arizona", at City-Data.com
- Springerville & Eagar Scenic Attractions
- Madonna of the Trail | August Leimbach website
Crowding out (economics)

In economics, **crowding out** happens when the government starts buying or selling more stuff in the market. This affects other people and businesses--usually in a bad way.

For example, if the government buys more stuff, it may have to borrow more. By borrowing more there will be a higher interest rate (see supply and demand). This will make it harder for other companies and people to borrow. The government is said to "crowd out" the market.
Slack (software)

**Slack** is an online messaging app with fancier features. Stewart Butterfield helped create it. It was originally for a video game. But then they just made it a simple messaging app and dropped the video game idea. "Slack" stands for "Searchable Log of All Conversation and Knowledge."

Slack has a workspace - it's a shared place where a team uses Slack. People can join a workspace if they get an invitation or a special link. Slack uses channels, which are like chat rooms. A channel can be public (anyone in the group can join) or private (only invited people can join). People can also send direct messages to one person or to a small group. A group chat can later become a private channel.

Slack can connect to many other apps, like Google Drive, Trello, Dropbox, and GitHub. It can also connect to calendars and other services.

Slack provides mobile apps for iOS and Android in addition to their web browser client and desktop clients for MacOS, Windows, and Linux (beta).

Slack is a freemium product. This means people can use it for free, but some extra features cost money.

Slack uses channels, which are like chat rooms. A channel can be public (anyone in the group can join) or private (only invited people can join). People can also send direct messages to one person or to a small group. A group chat can later become a private channel.

All content, including files, conversations, and people, is searchable within Slack. Users can express their reactions in the form of emojis to any message.

Slack can connect to many other apps, like Google Drive, Trello, Dropbox, and GitHub. It can also connect to calendars and other services. Slack provides mobile apps for iOS and Android in addition to their web browser client and desktop clients for  Windows, macOS, and Linux (beta).

## Other websites

- Ebook "How to Use Slack"

## Infobox (software)

- **title**: Slack
- **name**: Slack (software)
- **logo**: Slack_Technologies_Logo.svg
- **author**: Stewart Butterfield, Eric Costello, Cal Henderson, and Serguei Mourachov
- **developer**: Slack Technologies
- **ver layout**: Stacked
- **programming language**: Electron (software framework), Electron (C++, JavaScript, etc.)
- **operating system**: Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android (operating system), Android, Windows Phone, Commodore 64
- **genre**: Collaborative software
- **license**: Proprietary software, Proprietary
Peter Thiel

**Peter Andreas Thiel** (teel; born October 11, 1967) is an American entrepreneur. He helped create PayPal, Palantir Technologies and Founders Fund. In 2018, he supposedly had $2.5 billion.

Thiel was born in Frankfurt. As a baby, he moved with his family to the United States. He spent some time in Southern Africa. He studied philosophy at Stanford University, graduating with a B.A. in 1989. He then went on to the Stanford Law School and received his J.D. in 1992. He worked as a lawyer, speechwriter, and trader. He founded Thiel Capital in 1996. He co-founded PayPal in 1999. He was chief executive officer until he sold the company to eBay in 2002 for $1.5 billion.

He founded Clarium Capital, a global macro hedge fund. He launched Palantir Technologies, a big data analysis company, in 2004 and continues to serve as its chairman as of 2018. He helped create Founders Fund, a venture capital firm.

Thiel became Facebook's first outside investor by buying 10.2% for $500,000 in August 2004. He sold the majority of his shares in Facebook for over $1 billion in 2012, but remains on the board of directors. He also co-founded Valar Ventures in 2010, co-founded Mithril Capital.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Thiel
- **image**: Peter Thiel 2014 by Heisenberg Media.jpg
- **alt**: Man in his 40s with short, dark hair wearing a shirt and blazer
- **caption**: Thiel in 2014
- **birth name**: Peter Andreas Thiel
- **birth place**: Frankfurt, West Germany
- **education**: Stanford University (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Juris Doctor, JD)
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
Neomercantilism

**Neomercantilism** is a government policy that supports more exports, less imports, and more control over investment (capital movement). Also, the government has the power to make decisions involving money (currency). The goal is to increase foreign reserves, which gives the government more power over money.

## Origin

The idea comes from Keynesian economics. According to UNESCO, mercantilism is the belief that the state's wealth must be protected by the government. This makes the state's money a nationalistic concern.
Middle income trap

In economics the **middle income trap** happens when a country's GDP is stuck at some level and cannot increase.

The World Bank says that South Africa and Brazil have fell into the trap.

Economists think this happens because as a country sells more and gets richer, it pays higher wages. This increases the cost of selling stuff. So the countries lose their competitive advantage and get stuck, unable to sell more and get richer.

The World Bank says a country is in the 'middle-income range' if its gross national product per person stays between $1,000 to $12,000 (in 2011 prices).

## I don't want to fall into the trap

To avoid the trap, a country could find better ways to make goods and reduce the cost of making them. They could also find new people or countries to sell their goods to. An increasing middle class could also use their money to buy fancy stuff that helps further promote growth: this includes better education, better technology and infrastructure, studying science and technology to create more innovations.
Wichita metropolitan area, Kansas

The **Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area** is an area that has five counties in south central Kansas. Its main place is the city of Wichita. In 2024, the area had 661,217 people living there. It is the biggest metropolitan area that is entirely in the state of Kansas.

## Counties

- Butler
- Harvey
- Sedgwick
- Sumner

## Communities

Populations are from the 2020 census.

### Places with more than 300,000 people

- Wichita (Principal city) Pop: 397,532

### Places with 10,000 to 25,000 people

- Derby Pop: 25,625
- Newton Pop: 18,602
- Andover Pop: 14,892
- El Dorado Pop: 12,870
- Arkansas City Pop: 11,974
- Winfield Pop: 11,777
- Haysville Pop: 11,262

### Places with 5,000 to 10,000 people

- Augusta Pop: 9,256
- Park City Pop: 8,333
- Bel Aire Pop: 8,262
- Wellington Pop: 7,715
- Valley Center Pop: 7,340
- Mulvane Pop: 6,286
- Maize Pop: 5,735
- Goddard Pop: 5,084

### Places with 1,000 to 5,000 people

- Rose Hill Pop: 4,185
- Hesston Pop: 3,505
- Oaklawn-Sunview (census-designated place) Pop: 2,880
- Clearwater Pop: 2,653
- Kechi Pop: 2,217
- Cheney Pop: 2,181
- Halstead Pop: 2,179
- North Newton Pop: 1,814
- McConnell Air Force Base (census-designated place) Pop: 1,636
- Sedgwick Pop: 1,603
- Douglass Pop: 1,555
- Belle Plaine Pop: 1,467
- Colwich Pop: 1,455
- Towanda Pop: 1,447
- Conway Springs Pop: 1,086
- Oxford Pop: 1,048
- Caldwell Pop: 1,025

### Places with fewer than 1,000 people

- Garden Plain Pop: 948
- Benton Pop: 943
- Andale Pop: 941
- Burrton Pop: 861
- Mount Hope Pop: 806
- Eastborough Pop: 756
- Leon Pop: 669
- Whitewater Pop: 661
- Bentley Pop: 560
- Argonia Pop: 456
- Potwin Pop: 421
- South Haven Pop: 324
- Elbing Pop: 226
- Walton Pop: 219
- Geuda Springs (partial) Pop: 158
- Viola Pop: 115
- Cassoday Pop: 113
- Latham Pop: 96
- Mayfield Pop: 75
- Milan Pop: 56
- Hunnewell Pop: 44
Zion

**Zion** is one of the seventy names of Jerusalem, and in the Bible is the second name for Jerusalem after the name "Jerusalem".  The name "Zion" originally revolves around a certain area in the city.  It is customary to delineate the site in the eastern and southern part of Jerusalem during the Second Temple period, including the City of David, the Ophel and Mount Moriah.
Levite

A **Levite** or **Levi** (Hebrew language: לֵוִי) is a Jewish male descended from the Tribe of Levi on the father's side.

The Levites of the Book of Leviticus were priests. In that book and the Book of Numbers they help Moses make prayers to God in the tabernacle (a holy tent).

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Levites

- **total**: ~500,000–600,000 worldwide
- **pop1**: 240,000
- **pop2**: 200,000
- **pop3**: 16,000
- **pop4**: 12,000
- **langs**: Vernacular:
Hebrew, English language, English
 Historical:
Biblical Hebrew, Aramaic language, Aramaic
- **rels**: Judaism, Samaritanism
- **related**: Jews, Samaritans
- **footnotes**: Levites are the descendants of the Tribe of Levi, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Levites are integrated in Jewish and Samaritan communities, but keep a distinct status. There are estimated 300,000 Levites among Ashkenazi Jewish communities. Total percentage of Levites among Jews is about 4%.