juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Saint-Maurice District

**Saint-Maurice** is a district in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It contains the following municipalities:

- Collonges
- Dorénaz
- Evionnaz
- Finhaut
- Massongex
- Mex
- Salvan
- Saint-Maurice
- Vernayaz
- Vérossaz
Sierre District

**Sierre** is a district of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It contains the following municipalities:

- Ayer
- Chalais
- Chandolin
- Chermignon
- Chippis
- Grimentz
- Grône
- Icogne
- Lens
- Miège
- Mollens
- Montana-Vermala
- Randogne
- Sierre
- Saint-Jean
- Saint-Léonard
- Saint-Luc
- Venthône
- Veyras
- Vissoie
Sion District

**Sion** is a district of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It contains the following municipalities:

- Arbaz
- Grimisuat
- Salins
- Savièse
- Sion
- Veysonnaz
Visp District

**Visp** is a district in the canton of Valais in southern Switzerland. It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px;">
|colspan="1" align=left bgcolor="#EFEFEF" width="190"|**Name of the Municipality**|colspan="1" align=center bgcolor="#EFEFEF" width="100"|**Population** <small>(31 Dec. 2002)</small>|colspan="1" align=center bgcolor="#EFEFEF" width="100"|**Area in km²**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Baltschieder|1128|31.4||||
|Eisten|258|38.0||||
|Embd|354|13.4||||
|Grächen|1367|14.3||||
|Lalden|688|1.4||||
|Randa|424|54.5||||
|Saas Almagell|399|110.3||||
|Saas Balen|400|30.2||||
|Saas Fee|1607|40.6||||
|Saas Grund|1142|24.6||||
|St. Niklaus|2379|89.3||||
|Stalden|1229|10.5||||
|Staldenried|595|14.3||||
|Täsch|837|58.7||||
|Törbel|520|17.3||||
|Visp|6586|13.2||||
|Visperterminen|1445|51.6||||
|Zeneggen|255|7.5||||
|Zermatt|5625|242.7||||
</div>
Steckborn District

**Steckborn** is a former district of the canton of Thurgau. The capital city was Steckborn.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Berlingen|784|4.0|
|Eschenz|1574|12.0|
|Herdern|928|13.7|
|Homburg|1435|24.1|
|Hüttwilen|1371|17.6|
|Mammern|562|5.5|
|Müllheim|2536|8.7|
|Pfyn|1862|13.0|
|Raperswilen|408|7.7|
|Salenstein|1212|6.6|
|**Steckborn**|3398|8.8|
|Wagenhausen|1554|11.2|
|**Total**|17,624|132.9|
</div>
Frauenfeld District

**Frauenfeld** is a district of the canton of Thurgau. The capital city, and the capital of Thurgau, is the city of Frauenfeld.

These municipalities are in the district:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Aadorf|7379|20.0|
|Felben-Wellhausen|2307|7.3|
|**Frauenfeld**|21,933|27.4|
|Gachnang|3271|9.7|
|Hüttlingen|841|11.6|
|Matzingen|2405|7.7|
|Neunforn|944|11.4|
|Stettfurt|1062|6.4|
|Thundorf|1260|15.6|
|Uesslingen-Buch|1033|14.0|
|Warth-Weiningen|1180|8.3|
|**Total**|43,615|139.4|
</div>
American badger

The **American badger** (_Taxidea taxus_) is an animal usually found in the Great Plains area of North America.

It looks similar to the European badger, but it is  not closely related to them. It is found in the western, central, and eastern United States, northern Mexico, and south-central Canada.

The American badger's habitat lives in open grasslands eating prey (such as mice, squirrels, and groundhogs). The badger likes areas such as prairies  with sandy loam soils where it can dig easily for its prey. They are found in many places from high alpine meadows to sea level.

American badgers are excellent diggers, and can tunnel rapidly through the soil using their powerful forelimbs.

Badgers are carnivorous.  Unlike many carnivores that stalk their prey in open country, badgers catch most of their food by digging. They can tunnel after ground-dwelling rodents with amazing speed.
Kreuzlingen District

**Kreuzlingen** is a district of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city is Kreuzlingen.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Altnau|1913|6.7|
|Bottighofen|1937|2.4|
|Ermatingen|2606|10.4|
|Gottlieben|327|0.4|
|Güttingen|1357|9.5|
|Kemmental|2137|28.4|
|**Kreuzlingen**|17,583|11.5|
|Langrickenbach|1070|10.9|
|Lengwil|1239|8.9|
|Münsterlingen|2459|5.4|
|Tägerwilen|3579|11.6|
|Wäldi|955|12.3|
|**Total**|**37,162**|**118.4**|
</div>
Weinfelden District

**Weinfelden** is one of the eight districts of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city is Weinfelden.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Amlikon-Bissegg|1193|14.4|
|Berg|2958|13.1|
|Birwinken|1282|12.3|
|Bürglen|3133|11.7|
|Bussnang|1979|19.0|
|Märstetten|2340|9.9|
|**Weinfelden**|9504|15.5|
|Wigoltingen|2115|17.2|
|**Total**|**24,504**|**113.1**|
</div>
Bischofszell District

**Bischofszell** is a former district of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city was Bischofszell.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Amriswil|11,477|19.1|
|**Bischofszell**|5485|11.7|
|Erlen|3039|12.2|
|Hauptwil-Gottshaus|1865|12.5|
|Hohentannen|599|8.0|
|Kradolf-Schönenberg|3181|10.9|
|Sulgen|3402|9.1|
|Zihlschlacht-Sitterdorf|1991|12.2|
|**Total**|**31,039**|**95.7**|
</div>
Diessenhofen District

**Diessenhofen ** is a former district of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city was Diessenhofen.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Basadingen-Schlattingen|1664|15.7|
|**Diessenhofen**|3222|10.0|
|Schlatt bei Diessenhofen|1525|15.5|
|**Total**|6411|41.2|
</div>
Münchwilen District

**Münchwilen** is one of the eight districts of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city is Münchwilen.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 December 2005)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Affeltrangen|2207|14.4|
|Bettwiesen|1058|3.8|
|Bichelsee-Balterswil|2457|12.1|
|Braunau|671|9.2|
|Eschlikon|3537|6.2|
|Fischingen|2596|30.7|
|Lommis|1059|8.6|
|**Münchwilen**|4607|7.8|
|Rickenbach|2400|1.6|
|Schönholzerswilen|744|10.9|
|Sirnach|6620|12.4|
|Tobel-Tägerschen|1328|7.0|
|Wängi|4074|16.4|
|Wilen|1926|2.2|
|Wuppenau|1016|12.1|
|**Total**|36,300|155.4|
</div>
Arbon District

**Arbon** is a district of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. The capital city is Arbon.

It contains the following municipalities:

<div style="padding:1em 20px 1em 20px; color:#000000;text-align:left;">
|**Municipality**|**Population** <small>(31 Dec 2009)</small> || width="100" align="center"| **Area, km²**||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Amriswil|11,941|19.1|
|**Arbon**|13,490|5.9|
|Dozwil|597|1.4|
|Egnach|4290|18.5|
|Hefenhofen|1187|6.1|
|Horn|2586|1.7|
|Kesswil|987|4.4|
|Roggwil|2736|11.9|
|Romanshorn|9640|8.7|
|Salmsach|1294|2.6|
|Sommeri|520|4.2|
|Uttwil|1712|4.3|
|**Total**|51,118|88.8|
</div>
Steckborn

**Steckborn** is a municipality in Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It was the capital city of Steckborn.

Steckborn is near Lake Constance. In 2005, 3,398 people lived there.

## History

People already lived in the area around Steckborn in the 100s. There are also Roman ruins of walls and other buildings. Probably in the 800s, the village became part of the territory of the monastery of Reichenau. This is the period when it is first written about.

## Trivia

- Karl Friedrich Gegauf, entrepreneur
- Fritz Gegauf, inventor of the sewing machine and founder of Bernina

## Other websites

- www.steckborn.ch
- BERNINA International site

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Steckborn
- **municipality name**: Steckborn
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Steckborn wappen.gif
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Steckborn.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8266
- **municipality code**: 4864
- **area**: 8.8
- **elevation**: 400
- **population**: 3398
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.steckborn.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Berlingen, Switzerland, Berlingen, Gaienhofen (Germany), Homburg, Switzerland, Homburg, Mammern, Öhningen (Germany), Raperswilen
Frauenfeld

**Frauenfeld** is the capital city of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It is also the capital city of the district of Frauenfeld.

### Early history

The city is first written about in 1246. It grew up around the Frauenfeld castle on the land of the Reichenau convent.

In 1264, it became the property of the Habsburgs. In 1374, the Habsburgs bestowed the right of judgment for all of Thurgau (which then included St. Gallen) on the Duke of Frauenfeld.

Twice in the 1700s, Frauenfeld was partly destroyed by fire, in 1771 and in 1788.

The fall of the old Old Swiss Confederacy in 1798 as a result of the French invasion brought an end to the gatherings in Frauenfeld.

### Modern history

In 1919, the municipalities of Langdorf, Kurzdorf, Huben, Herten, and Horgenbach became part of Frauenfeld. In 1998, Gerlikon, Schönenhof, and Zelgli joined Frauenfeld.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Frauenfeld
- **municipality name**: Frauenfeld
- **municipality type**: city
- **imagepath coa**: Frauenfeld-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Frauenfeld.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8500
- **municipality code**: 4566
- **area**: 27.4
- **elevation**: 417
- **population**: 21,965
- **populationof**: December 2004
- **website**: www.frauenfeld.ch
- **mayor**: Carlo Parolari (FDP)
- **places**: Gerlikon, Herten, Horgenbach, Huben, Kurzdorf, Langdorf, Schönenhof, Zelgli
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aadorf, Bertschikon bei Attikon (ZH), Ellikon an der Thur (ZH), Felben-Wellhausen, Gachnang, Hagenbuch (ZH), Matzingen, Thundorf, Switzerland, Thundorf, Uesslingen-Buch, Warth-Weiningen
- **twintowns**: Kufstein (Austria)
Benito Jeronimo Feijoo

**Benito Jerónimo Feijoo y Montenegro** (8 October 1676 - 26 September 1764) was a Galician neoclassical monk and scholar noted for encouraging scientific thought in Galicia and Spain.

He was born in Casdemiro, and joined the Benedictines at the age of 12, and had taken classes in Galicia, León, and Salamanca. He later taught theology and philosophy at the university of Oviedo, and died at Oviedo. Padre Feijoo studied in Salamanca, Spain, at the University of Oviedo, earning a professorship in theology.  Feijoo was a prominent essayist for the Spanish, and his critiques, letters, and plays helped change the steadfast beliefs of many during the 18th century.

His two famous multi-volume collection of essays, _Teatro critico universal_ (1726-1739) and _Cartas eruditas y curiosas_ cover a range of subjects, from education, law, and medicine, to superstitions and popular beliefs.

Father Feijoo was a debunker of myths. He had great interest in natural science and many of his essays touch on topics related to this subject and to the many myths about creatures and lands that abounded at that time. One example of how far his naturalistic bent went can be found in a story told by Julio A. Feijoo, one of his descendents, born in Cuba in 1910. Father Feijoo believed that demonic possession was a psychological phenomenon. Once he was called upon to perform an exorcism, and in order to demonstrate that this phenomenon was more due to suggestibility than anything else, in performing a spurious exorcism on the "possessed" subject, he read from Bocaccio's famous bawdy work the _Decameron_. Upon hearing the Latin lines, the "possessed" individual settled down and declared himself to be free of demonic influence.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Benito Jerónimo Feijoo y Montenegro
- **image**: Benito Jerónimo Feijoo.jpg
- **image size**: 200 px
- **caption**: Portrait of Feijoo y Montenegro by Juan Bernabé Palomino
- **birth place**: Casdemiro, Ourense (province), Ourense
- **death place**: Oviedo
- **occupation**: Monk, scholar, essayist
Weinfelden

**Weinfelden** is a municipality in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.  It is the capital of the district of the same name.

In December 2004 it had about 9500 people.  Since it is in the middle of the canton, part of the canton's government is in the town. The Thurgau cantonal bank is also there. The grand council of the canton meets in Weinfelden during the winter.

### Early history

Already in the year 124 AD, there was a Roman bridge over the Thur at Weinfelden. The name _Weinfelden_ is first documented in 838.

Weinfelden was by far the biggest town in the canton of Thurgau. In 1798, Paul Reinhart and his committee led the area to freedom from the domination of the _Eidgenossen_. In 1803, Thurgau became an independent canton, through the mediation of Napoleon, with Frauenfeld as capital.

### Modern history

In 1830, Thomas Bornhauser spoke to a large crowd in Weinfelden, demanding a liberal constitution for the canton. It is one of the first (if not the first) such document.

Portraits of both Paul Reinhart and Thomas Bornhauser hang in the _Rathaus_.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Weinfelden
- **municipality name**: Weinfelden
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Weinfelden-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Weinfelden.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Weinfelden (district), Weinfelden
- **postal code**: 8570
- **municipality code**: 4946
- **area**: 15.5
- **elevation**: 432
- **population**: 9408
- **populationof**: 2002
- **website**: www.weinfelden.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Amlikon-Bissegg, Berg, Thurgau, Berg, Bürglen, Thurgau, Bürglen, Bussnang, Kemmental, Märstetten
Bernardino de Sahagún

**Bernardino de Sahagún** (1499 – October 23 1590) was a Spanish Franciscan missionary and priest to the Aztec (Nahua) people of Mexico. He is best known as the compiler of the _Florentine Codex,_ also known as __ (_General History of the Things of New Spain_).
Leopoldo Alas

**Leopoldo Alas y Ureña** (25 April 1851 – 13 May 1901), also known as **Clarín**, was a Spanish realist writer born in Zamora. He died in Oviedo on 13 May 1901.

Clarin lived in León and Guadalajara in his childhood, then he moved to Oviedo in 1865. There he studied _at_ high school and he started his law career. He lived in Madrid from 1871 to 1878, where he started his career as a journalist and he graduated with the thesis _Law and Morality_. He taught in Zaragoza from 1882 to 1883. In 1883 he returned to Oviedo to take up a position as teacher of Roman law.

His books include _La Regenta_. It is a long work, similar to Flaubert's _Madame Bovary_, one of the books that helped to inspire it. Other influences included Naturalism and _Kraussism_, a philosophical trend which made cultural and moral change in Spain.  He also wrote Nuevo viaje al Parnaso and La Literatura en 1881 (1882), working with Armando Palacio Valdes.

_La Regenta_ is special for its great number of characters and other stories around the main story of the novel. The main character is shown in a way that is not very clear. The downfall of the provincial lady who is between two very different men who want to marry her: the most handsome man in the city, who is the winner in the end, and the cathedral's priest. The way the priest is shown is a very important part of the book.

For the description of the provincial setting and the city's collective life, Clarín used styles such as the internal monologue or the free indirect style, which makes the story be told by the characters, not the narrator.

In 1890, he published a new novel, _Su único hijo_. Most critics do not think it is as good as _La Regenta_. _Su único hijo_ was originally meant to be the first of a series of three books, but these were not written. The only parts of them that exist are an outline and a few fragments of two of the novels. _Su único hijo_ was Clarín's last long book.

Clarín also wrote some stories and some journalistic articles.

Clarin remains a rather unknown figure in the Spanish literary world. He searched for God and was Humanist at the same time. This strange mix has led to there being different views on the meaning of his writings. _La Regenta_ in particular has many different views on what it could mean.

## Works

- _La Regenta_ (The Regent's Wife) (1884–85) [Novel]
- _Su único hijo_ (His Only Son) (1890) [Novel]
- _Doña Berta_ (1892)
- _¡Adiós, Cordera!_ (1892)
- _Cuentos morales_ (Moral Stories) (1896)
- _El gallo de Sócrates_ (Socrates' Rooster) (1900)

### Essays

- _Solos de Clarín_ (1881)
- _La literatura en 1881_ (1882)
- _Sermón perdido_ (1885)
- _Nueva campaña_ (1887)
- _Ensayos y revistas_ (1892)
- _Palique_ (1894)
Pasiphaë (moon)

**Pasiphaë** is one of Jupiter's moons. It was found in 1908 by Philibert Jacques Melotte and was named after Pasiphaë from Greek mythology, the wife of Minos and mother of Minotaur.

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Pasiphae
- **image**: Pasiphaé.jpg
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Philibert Jacques Melotte, P. J. Melotte
- **discovered**: January 27, 1908
- **mean orbit radius**: 24,094,770 km
- **eccentricity**: 0.2953
- **periapsis**: 16,980,250 km
- **apoapsis**: 31,209,300 km
- **period**: 764.082032 d (2.092 year, a)
- **avg speed**: 2.242 km/s
- **inclination**: 145.24° (to the ecliptic)
143.04° (to Jupiter's equator)
- **satellite of**: Jupiter
- **mean radius**: 20 km
18 km
- **surface area**: ~11,300 km²
- **volume**: ~113,000 km³
- **mass**: 3.0 kilogram, kg
- **density**: 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)
- **surface grav**: ~0.022 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup> (0.002 g)
- **escape velocity**: ~0.036 km/s
- **albedo**: 0.04 (assumed)
0.10
- **single temperature**: ~124 kelvin, K
Anthe (moon)

|colspan="2"|**Anthe**|
| --- | --- |
|Cassini Imaging Science Team||
|30 May 2007||
|197,700  km||
|0.001||
|1.03650 d||
|0.1°||
|Saturn||
|≈ 2 km||
|unknown||
|unknown||
|assumed synchronous||
|unknown||
|unknown||
|none||

**Anthe** is a very small moon of Saturn between the orbits of Mimas and Enceladus. It is also known as **Saturn XLIX** and its designation was **S/2007 S 4**. It is named after one of the Alkyonides; the name means _flowery_.

It was found by the Cassini Imaging Team in images taken on May 30, 2007. Once the find was made, a search of older Cassini images showed this small moon in observations from as far back as June 2004. It was first announced on July 18, 2007.
Kiviuq (moon)

**Kiviuq** is a non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett J. Gladman in 2000, and given the designation **S/2000 S 5**.

It was named in 2003 after a "giant" of Inuit mythology. Kiviuq (also spelled Keeveeok, Qiviuq or Kivioq) is a legendary and heroic Inuk, a sort of Inuit Odysseus. He has lived very long (or has had several lives), has wandered and journeyed, living all sorts of adventures whose details depend on the story-teller's local tradition.

Kiviuq is about 16 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 11.1 million kilometers in 450 days. It is a member of the Inuit group of non-spherical moons.

Kiviuq displays _light-red_ colours and the infrared spectrum very similar to Siarnaq and Paaliaq, further supporting the thesis of a possible common origin of the Inuit group in the break-up of a bigger body.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
Ijiraq (moon)

**Ijiraq** is a non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by the team of
Brett Gladman, John J. Kavelaars, _et al._ in 2000, and given the designation ****.

## Orbit

Ijiraq orbits Saturn at an average distance of 11,100,000 km in 451 days on an orbit very similar to Kiviuq's. The diagram illustrates its orbit in relation to other non-spherical moons of Saturn. The eccentricity of the orbits is represented by the yellow segments extending from the pericentre to the apocentre.

## Physical characteristics

While Ijiraq is a member of the Inuit group non-spherical moons, recent observations revealed that Ijiraq is redder than Paaliaq, Siarnaq and Kiviuq.

## Name

Kavelaars, an astronomer at McMaster University, suggested this name to help astronomical nomenclature to get out of its Greco-Romano-Renaissance rut. He spent several months trying to find names that were both multi-cultural and Canadian, consulting Amerindian scholars without finding a name that seemed good. In March 2001, he was reading an Inuit story to his children and had a revelation. The ijiraq plays at hide-and-seek, which is what these small moons of Saturn do: they are hard to find, and cold like the Canadian Arctic (the team of discoverers includes Canadians, Norwegians and Icelandic's—Nordicity is their common trait). Kavelaars contacted the author of the tale, Michael Kusugak, to get his assent, and the latter also suggested the names for Kiviuq and 90377 Sedna.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
Paaliaq (moon)

**Paaliaq** is a non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett J. Gladman, John J. Kavelaars, Jean-Marc Petit, Hans Scholl, Matthew J. Holman, Brian G. Marsden,
Philip D. Nicholson and Joseph A. Burns in early October 2000, and given the designation **S/2000 S 2**. It was named in August 2003 after a fictional shaman in the book _The Curse of the Shaman,_ written by Michael Kusugak, who supplied Kavelaars with the names of giants from Inuit mythology that were used for other Saturnian moons.

Paaliaq is thought to be about 22 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 15,200,000 km in 687 days. It is a member of the Inuit group of non-spherical moons.

Together with Kiviuq and Siarnaq, Paaliaq has _light-red_ colours, further supporting that the Inuit group might have been formed when a bigger body broken up.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
- Scott Sheppard pages
Hebrew Bible

The **Hebrew Bible**, which is also called the **Tanakh** is the Biblical canon of Hebrew scriptures, including the Torah, Nevi'im and Ketuvim. These texts are almost exclusively in Hebrew, with a few passages in Aramaic.

It means the same as the Jewish Tanakh and the Protestant Old Testament, but does not include the deuterocanonical portions of the Roman Catholic Old Testament and is meant for the text only, not for naming, numbering or ordering of books (what both Tanakh and Old Testament do).

The "Tawrat" () is the Arabic name for the Torah within its context as an Islamic holy book believed by Muslims to be given by God (Allah) to prophets and messengers amongst the Children of Israel, and often refers to the entire Hebrew Bible.

## Usage

On the one hand, the term "Hebrew Bible" is not often used among adherents of either Judaism or Christianity. On the other hand, it is widely used in academic writing and interfaith discussion.

## Written versions

In Judaism, the version used today is the Masoretic Text. It was put together between the 6th and 10th centuries. Another version is the Septuagint, which was translated from Hebrew into Greek. The Septuagint was started between the 3rd and 1st centuries BCE.

## Further reading

- Kuntz, John Kenneth. _The People of Ancient Israel: an introduction to Old Testament Literature, History, and Thought_, Harper and Row, 1974.
- _Nothing old about it_ by Shmuley Boteach (Jerusalem Post, November 28, 2007).

## Other websites

- A Hebrew Bible from around the year 1300
Skathi (moon)

**Skathi** or **Saturn XXVII**, is a moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett Gladman, Kavelaars, et al. in 2000, and given the designation **S/2000 S 8**.

Skathi is about 6.4 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 15,576,000 km in 725.784 days, at an inclination of 149° to the ecliptic (150° to Saturn's equator) with an eccentricity of 0.246.

Skathi may have been formed from debris knocked off of Phoebe by big impacts at some point in the solar system's history.

Its name comes from Norse mythology, where Skaði is a giantess (female giant) who is the wife of the Vanir god Njord.
Targum

A **targum** (, plural: _targumim_) is an Aramaic translation of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) that was written or compiled in Israel or in Babylonia from the Second Temple period until the early Middle Ages (late first millennium).

Targum also means translation or interpretation. In Arabic Targem (verb) means to translate or interpret. (Mutargem = Translator/Interpreter).

## Other websites

- Targum Pseudo-Jonathan and Targum Onkelos at the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies - English translations by J.W. Etheridge
- The Aramaic Targum to Psalms  - a translation of the targum to Psalms by Edward M. Cook
- The Aramaic Targum to the Song of Songs - a translation of the targum to Shir HaShirim by Jay C. Treat
- The Aramaic Targum to Ruth - a translation of the targum to Ruth by Samson H. Levey
- The Aramaic Targum to Lamentations - a translation of the targum to Lamentations by C.M.M. Brady
- The Jewish Encyclopedia Entry on Targum
- The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon  - contains critical editions of all the _targumim_ along with lexical tools and grammatical analysis.
- Targum - Catholic Encyclopedia article
Adam Gilchrist

**Adam Craig Gilchrist** (born 14 November 1971 in Bellingen, New South Wales) is a former Australian cricketer. He was a wicket keeper and a left handed batsman. In his test career, Gilchrist hit 100 sixes, something nobody else in history has done. He holds the record of the second fastest century maker in history.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Adam Gilchrist
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of the Order of Australia, AM
- **image**: Adam Gilchrist of Australia (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Gilchrist in 2010
- **fullname**: Adam Craig Gilchrist
- **nickname**: Gilly, Churchy
- **birth place**: Bellingen, New South Wales, Australia
- **height**: 186 cm
- **batting**: Left-handed
- **hidedeliveries**: true
- **role**: Wicket-keeper-batter
- **international**: true
- **internationalspan**: 1996–2008
- **country**: Australia
- **testdebutdate**: 5 November
- **testdebutyear**: 1999
- **testdebutagainst**: Pakistan
- **testcap**: 381
- **lasttestdate**: 24 January
- **lasttestyear**: 2008
- **lasttestagainst**: India
- **odidebutdate**: 25 October
- **odidebutyear**: 1996
- **odidebutagainst**: South Africa
- **odicap**: 129
- **lastodidate**: 4 March
- **lastodiyear**: 2008
- **lastodiagainst**: India
- **odishirt**: 12, 18
- **t20idebutdate**: 17 February
- **t20idebutyear**: 2005
- **t20idebutagainst**: New Zealand
- **t20icap**: 2
- **lastt20idate**: 1 February
- **lastt20iyear**: 2008
- **lastt20iagainst**: India
- **club1**: New South Wales cricket team, New South Wales
- **club2**: Western Australia cricket team, Western Australia
- **year2**: 1994/95–2007/08
- **club3**: Deccan Chargers
- **year3**: 2008–2010
- **club4**: Middlesex County Cricket Club, Middlesex
- **year4**: 2010
- **club5**: Kings XI Punjab
- **year5**: 2011–2013
- **columns**: 4
- **column1**: Test cricket, Test
- **matches1**: 96
- **runs1**: 5,570
- **bat avg1**: 47.60
- **100s/50s1**: 17/26
- **top score1**: 204not out, *
- **catches/stumpings1**: 379/37
- **column2**: One Day International, ODI
- **matches2**: 287
- **runs2**: 9,619
- **bat avg2**: 35.89
- **100s/50s2**: 16/55
- **top score2**: 172
- **catches/stumpings2**: 417/55
- **column3**: First class cricket, FC
- **matches3**: 190
- **runs3**: 10,334
- **bat avg3**: 44.16
- **100s/50s3**: 30/43
- **top score3**: 204not out, *
- **catches/stumpings3**: 756/55
- **column4**: List A cricket, LA
- **matches4**: 356
- **runs4**: 11,326
- **bat avg4**: 34.95
- **100s/50s4**: 18/63
- **top score4**: 172
- **catches/stumpings4**: 526/65
- **date**: 4 December
- **year**: 2013
- **source**: http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia/content/player/5390.html ESPNcricinfo
Department store

A **department store** is a store that sells many different products. It does not sell the products of only one company, as some other stores do. In a department store a person can usually buy clothing, furniture, electronics, and sometimes paint, hardware, toiletries, cosmetics, photographic equipment, jewellery, toys, and Sports equipment. Department stores are often upmarket places.

Some department stores sell products cheaper than other stores. They are then called discount department stores.
Bughouse chess

***Bughouse chess*** (also known as **transfer chess** or **exchanged chess**) is a version of the game chess. It is played by four people in two teams. Each team has two players. Teammates sit next to each other, and use opposite coloured pieces. (This means that one player on a team will have white pieces and the other will have black pieces.) The game is played on two chessboards. Two chess clocks can also be used. Two games of chess are played in at the same time. If a player one game captures a piece, following the regular rules of chess, they give that piece to their partner to use in the other game. The partner can put the piece on the board instead of making a normal move. Pawns can not be placed on their first or eighth row, but other pieces can be placed in any empty square on the board.

If one player wins, that team wins the match.

The game is usually played with a clock, which is often set from as short as one minute (usually when played online) to five minutes or longer. If a player runs out of time, that player's team loses.

There are many variations in how to play bughouse; most of these variations have to do with pawns.

## Related pages

- Crazyhouse
Maiasaura

***Maiasaura*** was a large, plant-eating, duck-billed dinosaur. _Maiasaura_ was the first dinosaur which was found alongside its young, eggs, and nests. This suggests that _Maiasaura_ nurtured its young.

## About _Maiasaura_

_Maiasaura_ lived about 80 to 65 million years ago in the Upper Cretaceous period. It ate plants, leaves and berries. Its name _Maiasaura_ means “Good Mother Lizard”. The name refers to the find of nests with eggs, embryos and young animals, in a nesting colony. These showed that Maiasaura fed its young while they were in the nest. It was the first time such evidence was got for a dinosaur.

Fully grown _Maiasaura_ measured about 9 metres long, 2-2.5 metres tall and weighed around 1800 kg.

## Where they lived

_Maiasaursa_ fossils have been found in Montana, United States, and Alberta, Canada.
Bait

**Bait** is something used to attract prey. People have used it for thousands of years. Fishermen use bait to catch fish. There are many different types of bait depending on the kind of animal.  Frequently the bait is cast using a fishing rod and reel.  For a shark, adult squid is often used. When trying to get a salmon, crab is commonly used. Some fishermen use plastic bait. Recently, fishermen have been using electronic lures. Bait can be used to catch most animals.
Dennis Kucinich

**Dennis John Kucinich** (born October 8, 1946) is a United States Representative from Ohio. He was a hopeful for President of the United States in 2008. He is a Democrat. Kucinich was raised in Cleveland, and was elected Mayor of the city in 1977. His tenure as mayor was a hard one, and he lost reelection to Republican challenger George Voinovich in 1979. Kucinich got back into politics in the 1990s, and became a member of the United States House of Representatives in the 1994 elections. A political progressive, he ran for president twice in 2004 and 2008.

In December 2020, Kucinich filed paperwork to run for Mayor of Cleveland in the 2021 election. He finished in 3rd place with 16.54%.
Tusk

**Tusks** are very long teeth that some animals have. Tusks are made of ivory. Ivory is very rare and expensive. Many warthog, walrus, mammoth, and elephants are killed for their tusks. One third of a tusk is in the walrus and elephant’s head.

## Other websites

- Carved Ivory Tusk
Bill Richardson

**William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III** (November 15, 1947 – September 1, 2023) was an American politician. He was the Governor of the United States state of New Mexico from 2003 until 2011. He was a candidate for President of the United States in the 2008 election. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary in the Clinton administration. He was a Democrat.

Richardson died at his summer home in Chatham, Massachusetts, on September 1, 2023, at the age of 75.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birthname**: William Blaine Richardson III
- **image**: Bill Richardson at the LBJ Library (3).jpg
- **order**: 30th
- **office**: Governor of New Mexico
- **lieutenant**: Diane Denish
- **term start**: January 1, 2003
- **term end**: January 1, 2011
- **predecessor**: Gary Johnson
- **successor**: Susana Martinez
- **order2**: 9th
- **office2**: United States Secretary of Energy
- **president2**: Bill Clinton
- **term start2**: August 18, 1998
- **term end2**: January 20, 2001
- **predecessor2**: Federico Peña
- **successor2**: Spencer Abraham
- **office3**: 21st United States Ambassador to the United Nations
- **president3**: Bill Clinton
- **term start3**: February 13, 1997
- **term end3**: August 18, 1998
- **predecessor3**: Madeleine Albright
- **successor3**: Richard Holbrooke
- **state4**: New Mexico
- **district4**: New Mexico's 3rd congressional district, 3rd
- **predecessor4**: District Created
- **successor4**: William T. Redmond, William Redmond
- **term start4**: January 3, 1983
- **term end4**: February 13, 1997
- **birth place**: Pasadena, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Chatham, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **spouse**: Barbara Richardson
- **alma mater**: Tufts University
- **profession**: Diplomat
Management consulting, Business consultant
Rudy Giuliani

**Rudolph William Louis** "**Rudy**" **Giuliani**  (born May 28, 1944) is a politician from New York in the United States. He is a Republican and campaigned to become President of the United States in 2008. Giuliani was mayor of New York City from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2001. Giuliani became more well known during and after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. In 2001, _Time_ magazine named him "Person of the Year" and he received an honorary knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II in 2002, and acclaimed as one of the greatest mayors in American history.

Rudy was campaigning in 1993 with the show _Seinfeld_ where he appeared as the NYC Mayor candidate as the "over count" cholesterol man by eating too much yogurt. This "product placement" of Mayor Giuliani is often referred to as an excellent example of electioneering and boosted his popularity accordingly.

On January 12, 2017, President-elect Donald Trump named Giuliani his Cyber Security Adviser. Giuliani was also an important person in the Trump–Ukraine scandal, where he was accused of being one of the people who asked the Ukrainian government to investigate Joe Biden.

## Other websites

- Joinrudy2008.com  - Presidential campaign site

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rudy Giuliani
- **image**: File:Former Mayor Rudy Giuliani in 2025.jpg
- **office**: 108th Mayor of New York City
- **term start**: January 1, 1994
- **term end**: December 31, 2001
- **predecessor**: David Dinkins
- **successor**: Michael Bloomberg
- **office1**: United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York
- **president1**: Ronald Reagan
- **term start1**: June 3, 1983
- **term end1**: January 1, 1989
- **predecessor1**: John S. Martin Jr.
- **successor1**: Benito Romano
- **office2**: United States Associate Attorney General
- **president2**: Ronald Reagan
- **term start2**: February 20, 1981
- **term end2**: June 3, 1983
- **predecessor2**: John Shenefield
- **successor2**: D. Lowell Jensen
- **birth name**: Rudolph William Louis Giuliani
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York City, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican (1980–present)
- **otherparty**: Independent politician, Independent (1975–1980)
Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (before 1975)
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 2 (including Andrew Giuliani, Andrew)
- **education**: Manhattan College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
New York University (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **signature**: Rudy Giuliani Signature.svg
Albiorix (moon)

**Albiorix** is a non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by Holman, et al. in 2000, and given the designation **S/2000 S 11**.

Albiorix is the biggest member of the Gallic group of non-spherical moons.

It was named in August 2003 from one of the Celtic names for the god of tribal unity, better known as Toutatis.

Albiorix orbits Saturn at a distance of about 16,000,000 km and its diameter is estimated at 32 kilometers, assuming an albedo of 0.04. A day on Albiorix is 13 hours and 19 minutes long.

The diagram illustrates its orbit in relation to other prograde non-spherical moons of Saturn. The eccentricity of the orbits is represented by the yellow segments extending from the pericentre to the apocentre.

Different colours seen recently suggest a possibility of a big crater, suggesting that Erriapo and Tarvos could be pieces of Albiorix following a near break-up collision with another body.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
S/2007 S 2

**S/2007 S 2** is an unnamed moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 1, 2007, from observations taken between January 18 and April 19, 2007. Telescope used is the Subaru 8.3-m optical infrared telescope at Mauna Kea.

## Overview

S/2007 S2 is theorized to have a mean radius of 1.9 miles, assuming an albedo of 0.04. It is 6 kilometres in diameter and orbits Saturn at an eccentricity of about 0.218 and an inclination of about 176.68° at a mean distance of 10.4 million miles (average distance of 16,560,00 million kilometres) from Saturn. The satellite was first thought to be orbiting for about 793 Earth days from its first discovery. The satellite takes about 808 Earth days to complete one orbit.

Like Saturn's other irregular moons, S/2007 S2 is thought to be an object that was captured by Saturn's gravity, rather than having accreted from the dusty disk that surrounded the newly formed planet as the regular satellites are thought to have done.

## Other websites

- Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
- MPEC 2007-J09: _S/2007 S 2, S/2007 S 3_ May 1, 2007 (discovery and ephemeris)
- IAUC 8836: _S/2007 S 1, S/2007 S 2, and S/2007 S 3_ (subscription-only) May 11, 2007 (discovery)
Bebhionn (moon)

**Bebhionn** or **Saturn XXXVII** (provisional designation **S/2004 S 11**) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on May 4, 2005, from observations taken between December 12, 2004, and March 9, 2005.

Bebhionn is about 6 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 16,898,000 km in 820.130 days, at an inclination of 41° to the ecliptic (18° to Saturn's equator), and with an eccentricity of 0.333.

It was named in April 2007 after Bébinn, an early Irish mythology goddess of birth, renowned for her beauty.

## References

- Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
- Jewitt's New Satellites of Saturn page
- IAUC 8523: _New Satellites of Saturn_ May 4 2005 (discovery)
- MPEC 2005-J13: _Twelve New Satellites of  Saturn_ May 3, 2005 (discovery and ephemeris)
- IAUC 8826: _Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn_ (subscription-only) 2007 April 5 (naming the moon)
Erriapus (moon)

**Erriapus** or **Saturn XXVIII**, is non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett Gladman, John J. Kavelaars, et al. in 2000, and given the designation **S/2000 S 10**. It was named in August 2003 after Erriapo, a giant in Gaulish mythology. Later, the spelling was corrected to _Erriapus_.

Erriapus is about 10 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 17,300,000 km in 871 days.

Erriapus is a member of the Gallic group of non-spherical, sharing a similar orbit and displaying a similar _light-red_ colour, Erriapus is thought to have been formed in a break-up of a bigger body.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
Skoll (moon)

**Skoll** or **Saturn XLVII** (provisional designation **S/2006 S 8**) is non-spherical moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt and Jan Kleyna on June 26, 2006, from observations taken between January 5 and April 30, 2006.

Skoll is about 6 kilometres in diameter (assuming an albedo of 0.04), and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 17,600,000 km in 869 days, following a highly eccentric and inclined orbit.

It was named in April 2007 after Sköll, a giant wolf from Norse mythology, son of Fenrisulfr and twin brother of Hati.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt's pages
Siarnaq (moon)

**Siarnaq** or **Saturn XXIX**, is a non-spherical moon of Saturn. It was found by Brett J. Gladman, et al. in 2000 and given the designation **S/2000 S 3**.

It was named in August 2003 after the giant Siarnaq (also known as Sedna) in Inuit mythology, it is the biggest member of the Inuit group of non-spherical moons.

Siarnaq is thought to be about 40 kilometres in diameter and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 17,500,000 km in 895 days.

The diagram illustrates its orbit in relation to other prograde non-spherical moons of Saturn. The eccentricity of the orbits is represented by the yellow segments extending from the pericentre to the apocentre.

Siarnaq has light-red colours very similar to Paaliaq and Kiviuq, supporting that the moons formed during a break up of a bigger body.

## Other websites

- David Jewitt pages
- Scott Sheppard pages
Tarqeq (moon)

**Tarqeq** or **Saturn LII** (provisional designation **S/2007 S 1**) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on April 13, 2007, from observations taken between January 5, 2006 and March 22, 2007.

The semi-major axis of Tarqeq is 17,910,000 km and it orbits Saturn in 894.86 days. The orbit is at an inclination of 49.90° (to the ecliptic; 49.77°to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.1081. The diameter of the moon is 7 km. It is a member of the Inuit group of non-spherical moons.

Tarqeq is named after Tarqeq, the Inuit moon god.
Brunswick, Georgia

**Brunswick** is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia and the county seat of Glynn County. In 2020, the city had an population of 15,210 and a metropolitan population of 113,495. Brunswick is the principal city of the _Brunswick, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area_, which is often called _Metropolitan Brunswick_.

## Other websites

- City of Brunswick website
- Brunswick CVB
- The Brunswick News
- Downtown Development District
- Sidney Lanier
- Sidney Lanier Bridge
- Coastal Georgia Community College
- Historical markers in Glynn County
- Liberty ship marker and model
- Master list of Liberty ships
- History of Brunswick
- Ships for Victory" Photograph collection at the Brunswick-Glynn County Library that depict World War II cargo ship building activities from 1943 to 1945.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Brunswick, Georgia
- **settlement type**: City
- **image caption**: From top, left to right: Sidney Lanier Bridge, Old Brunswick City Hall, College of Coastal Georgia, Ritz Theatre (Brunswick, Georgia), Ritz Theatre, Glynn Academy, St. Athanasius Episcopal Church, Downtown
- **nicknames**: "Port City"
"Shrimp Capital of the World"
- **image flag**: Flag of Brunswick, Georgia.PNG
- **image map**: Glynn_County_Georgia_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Brunswick_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Glynn County, Georgia, Glynn County and the state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Georgia (U.S. state), County
- **subdivision name2**: Glynn County, Georgia, Glynn
- **government type**: City commission government, Council-Manager
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1738
- **established title2**: Founded
- **established date2**: 1771
- **established title3**: Incorporated
- **established date3**: 1856
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 64.99
- **area land km2**: 44.08
- **area water km2**: 20.91
- **area metro km2**: 3332
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 15210
- **population density km2**: 345.06
- **population density sq mi**: 893.71
- **population metro**: 113495
- **population density metro km2**: 34.1
- **population demonym**: Brunswickian
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation ft**: 14
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 31520-31525, 31527, 31561
- **area code**: Area code 912, 912
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 13-11560
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0354878
- **area total sq mi**: 25.09
- **area land sq mi**: 17.02
- **area water sq mi**: 8.07
Cocoa Beach, Florida

**Cocoa Beach** is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. The population was 11,354 at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- City of Cocoa Beach
- Thousand Islands

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cocoa Beach, Florida
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "Open for Business!"
- **image caption**: Cocoa Beach
- **image map**: Brevard_County_Florida_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Cocoa_Beach_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in Brevard County, Florida, Brevard County and the state of Florida
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Florida, County
- **subdivision name2**: Brevard County, Florida, Brevard
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 39.34
- **area land km2**: 12.06
- **area water km2**: 27.28
- **area total sq mi**: 15.19
- **area land sq mi**: 4.66
- **area water sq mi**: 10.53
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 11354
- **population density km2**: 941.07
- **population density sq mi**: 2437.53
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation m**: 3
- **elevation ft**: 10
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 32931
- **area code**: Area code 321, 321
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 12-33450
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0284502
Santee River

The **Santee River** is a river of South Carolina in the United States, 143 mi (230 km long). The Santee and its tributaries give the main drainage and navigation for the central coastal plain of South Carolina, emptying into the Atlantic Ocean about 440 mi (710 km) from its farthest headwater on the Catawba River in North Carolina. Much of the upper river is in the expansive horn-shaped Lake Marion reservoir.  The reservoir is made by the 8 mi (13 km) long Santee Dam.  The dam was built during the 1930s as a WPA project to give a major source of hydroelectric power for the state.

## Other websites

- South Carolina Dept. of Health and Environmental Control: Santee Basin
- Santee Nation History
- Santee Cooper Lake System
- Old Santee Canal Park
- Carolina Living: History of the Carolina Lakes
- Santee Canal (PDF)