juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Charlatan

A **charlatan**, also called a **swindler** or **mountebank**, is someone who pretends to be a doctor to get money, power or fame.

## Etymology

The English word comes from French _,_ a seller of medicines who might advertise his presence with music and an outdoor stage show. The best known of the charlatans in Paris was Tabarin, who inspired the 17th-century playwright Molière. The word is also similar to the Spanish word __, which describes someone who loves talking.

Etymologists trace _charlatan_ ultimately from Italian. It may have come from two different words, or a mixture of the two. One possible origin word is _,_ which means 'to chatter or prattle'. Another is the word _cerretano,_ meaning a resident of the village Cerreto di Spoleto in Umbria, which was known for tricking others in the 16th century.

## Related pages

- Scam
- Snake oil
- Disinformation
Sparks Fly (song)

“Sparks Fly” is a song by singer Taylor Swift for her third album “Speak Now”. It was released with the album on 2010, and in 2023 she re-recorded it and released it as “Sparks Fly (Taylor’s Version)”, along with her rerecorded album “Speak Now (Taylor’s Version). It was written by Swift in 2006 and produced by her and Nathan Chapman after receiving fan requests. It is a pop rock song. It's production includes electric guitars and fiddles.

It was released by Big Machine Records on July 18, 2011 to the country radio in the US. Its music video was released on August 10, 2011. Some critics praised it for catchiness and lyrics, while others regarded the lyrical imagery to be somewhat unoriginal. The song won a Teen Choice Award for Choice Music — A Country Song.

The song peaked at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Hot Country Songs and was certified platinum by the RIAA.

## Awards and nominations

"**Sparks Fly**" received three awards and one nomination.
|Year|Title|Award|Result|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="4"|2012|rowspan="2"|BMI Country Awards|Publisher of the Year||
|Top 50 Songs||||||
|American Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards|Favourite Song|||||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice Country Song|||||

### Weekly charts

|Chart (2011-2012)|Peak position|
| --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|97|
|style="text-align:center;"|64|

### Year-end charts

|Chart (2011)|Position|
| --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|37|

## Release history

|scope="col"|Region|scope="col"|Date|scope="col"|Format|scope="col"|Label|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|July 18, 2011|Country radio|rowspan="2"|Big Machine Records|||||
|August 10, 2011|Limited edition CD single|||||||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Sparks Fly
- **border**: yes
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Taylor Swift
- **album**: Speak Now
- **written**: 2006
- **studio**: * Pain in the Art (Nashville)
* Capitol Studios, Capitol (Los Angeles)
- **genre**: Pop rock
- **label**: Big Machine Records, Big Machine
- **writer**: Taylor Swift
- **producer**: * Taylor Swift
* Nathan Chapman (record producer), Nathan Chapman
- **prev title**: The Story of Us (song), The Story of Us
- **prev year**: 2011
- **next title**: Ours (song), Ours
- **next year**: 2011
Gary Anandasangaree

**Sathiyasangaree "Gary" Anandasangaree** () is a Canadian politician and a lawyer who has been the Minister of Public Safety since 2025. He was the minister of Crown–Indigenous relations and northern affairs from 2024 until 2025 and minister of justice and attorney general of Canada for two months in 2025. He was elected to the House of Commons in the 2015 federal election. He is the member of Parliament (MP) for Scarborough—Rouge Park.

## Career

On July 26, 2023, Anandasangaree became the Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations.

In the 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, he supported Mark Carney.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Gary Anandasangaree
- **native name lang**: ta
- **image**: 2025 Gary Anandasangaree - (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Anandasangaree in 2025
- **office**: Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness, Minister of Public Safety
- **primeminister**: Mark Carney
- **term start**: May 13, 2025
- **predecessor**: David McGuinty
- **office1**: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Minister of Justice
Attorney General of Canada
- **primeminister1**: Mark Carney
- **term start1**: March 14, 2025
- **term end1**: May 13, 2025
- **predecessor1**: Arif Virani
- **successor1**: Sean Fraser (politician), Sean Fraser
- **office2**: Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs
- **primeminister2**: Mark Carney
Justin Trudeau
- **term start2**: December 20, 2024
- **term end2**: May 13, 2025
- **predecessor2**: Himself (Crown–Indigenous Relations)
Dan Vandal (Northern Affairs)
- **successor2**: Rebecca Alty (Crown–Indigenous Relations)
Rebecca Chartrand (Northern Affairs)
- **office3**: Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency, Minister responsible for the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency
- **primeminister3**: Justin Trudeau
- **term start3**: December 20, 2024
- **term end3**: March 14, 2025
- **predecessor3**: Dan Vandal
- **successor3**: Rebecca Chartrand
- **office4**: Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations
- **primeminister4**: Justin Trudeau
- **term start4**: July 26, 2023
- **term end4**: December 20, 2024
- **predecessor4**: Marc Miller (politician), Marc Miller
- **successor4**: _Himself_
- **riding5**: Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park
<small>Scarborough—Rouge Park (federal electoral district), Scarborough—Rouge Park (2015–2025)</small>
- **parliament5**: Canadian
- **term start5**: October 19, 2015
- **predecessor5**: _Riding established_
- **birth name**: Sathiyasangaree Anandasangaree
- **birth place**: Jaffna, Sri Lanka
- **citizenship**: Canada
Sri Lanka (former)
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **party**: Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal
- **residence**: Markham, Ontario, Canada
- **profession**: Lawyer
- **parents**: V. Anandasangaree
Attempted assassination of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud

On 18 March 2025, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, president of Somalia, was attacked by al-Shabaab in a roadside bombing assassination attempt near Villa Somalia. He was on his way to Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu. Mohamud survived the attack.

The blast killed at least 10 people, seven security personnel and three civilians, and injured 20 others. Among the victims was 31-year-old Somali Radio Risaala journalist Mohamed Abukar Dabaashe, who became the first journalist killed in Somalia in 2025.

## Infobox (historical event)

- **title**: Attempted assassination of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
- **partof**: the Somali Civil War (2009–present), Somali Civil War
- **image**: Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President of Somalia - 2023.jpg
- **caption**: Hassan in October 2023
- **timezone**: East Africa Time, EAT
- **location**: Hamar Jajab District, near Villa Somalia, Mogadishu, Somalia
- **type**: List of people who survived assassination attempts, Assassination attempt
- **target**: Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
- **perpetrator**: Al-Shabaab (militant group), Al-Shabaab (claimed)
- **outcome**: Failure to assassinate Hassan Sheikh
- **reported deaths**: 10
- **reported injuries**: 20
Limerence

**Limerence** is a state of mind resulting from romantic feelings for someone. It involves intrusive and melancholic thoughts – or tragic concerns for the object of one's affection – along with a desire for a relationship.

## Overview

Psychologist Dorothy Tennov made the word _limerence_ to describe a concept based on her work in the 1960s, when she interviewed over 500 people on the topic of love. As per Tennov, limerence can be seen as falling in love, infatuation, or lovesickness.

Many experts have seen _infatuation_ as a synonym for limerence. However, Tennov and other experts said that _infatuation_ had a negative meaning, sometimes as a pejorative, to refer to situations including a teenager being obsessed with a celebrity.

In Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love, _infatuation_ refers to romantic passion without intimacy or commitment. Sternberg himself believed limerence to be the same as infatuation.

## Prevalence

Not everyone experiences limerence. Tennov estimated that 35% of men and 50% of women experience limerence. Experiencing limerence sometimes comes with social stigma as it is often seen as sickly. Tennov noted that limerence was not a mental illness, despite it sometimes being "highly disruptive and extremely painful [...] irrational, silly, embarrassing, and abnormal".

## Components

The components as described in _Love and Limerence_ include but not limited to:

> * acute desire for reciprocation
> * acute sensitivity to any act, thought or condition that can be interpreted positively
> * intrusive thoughts about the object of your passionate desire (the limerent object or "LO")
> * fear of rejection and sometimes incapacitating but always unsettling shyness in LO's presence
> * temporary relief from unrequited limerent passion via vivid imagination of LO's actions as reciprocation
> * mood dependence on LO's actions or, more accurately, your interpretation of LO's actions regarding the probability of reciprocation
> * a remarkable ability to emphasize what is admirable in LO and to avoid dwelling on the negative, even to respond with a compassion for the negative and turn it into a positive feature

## Controversy

In 2008, Albert Wakin, a professor who knew Tennov at the University of Bridgeport, and Duyen Vo, a graduate student, pointed out the similarities between limerence and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), or substance abuse.

They presented their work to the American Association of Behavioral and Social Sciences (AABSS) conference and suggested that much more research would be needed before proposals could be made to the American Psychological Association (APA) to include limerence in the _Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders_ (DSM). They then did an unpublished study, which found that 25‒30% of their participants had had a limerent relationship.

Anthropologist Helen Fisher later commented on Wakin's and Vo's study, "They are associating the negative aspects of it with the term, and that can be a disorder." Fisher is one of those who originally compared limerence to OCD, proposing that romantic love is a "natural addiction", which can be either positive or negative.
Tampere University

**Tampere University** (short: **TAU**) is a public university in Tampere, Finland. It is Finland's second-largest university by number of students. The university started on January 1, 2019. It was formed by combining the University of Tampere and Tampere University of Technology.

## History

The University of Tampere began in 1925 in Helsinki as a small school teaching public administration, management, and journalism. In 1930, it became the School of Social Sciences. By 1960, it had grown and moved to Tampere. In 1966, it was renamed the University of Tampere.

### Faculties

Tampere University has seven faculties – which are main parts of different areas of science within a university. They are:

- Information Technology and Communication Sciences
- Management and Business
- Education and Culture
- Medicine and Health Technology
- Built Environment
- Engineering and Natural Sciences
- Social Sciences

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Tampere University
- **native name**: Tampereen yliopisto
- **native name lang**: finnish
- **image**: File:Tampere University logo.svg
- **former names**: University of Tampere, Tampere University of Technology (combined)
- **motto**: _Ihminen ratkaisee_
- **motto lang**: finnish
- **mottoeng**: _Human Potential Unlimited_
- **type**: Public university, Public
- **principal**: Keijo Hämäläinen
- **academic staff**: 4,200 (2021)
- **students**: 21,500<tunifact/>
- **city**: Tampere
- **province**: Pirkanmaa
- **country**: Finland
- **campus**: Centrum, Hervanta, Kauppi (University Hospital)
- **colors**: Violet
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

The **Laser Interferometer Space Antenna** (**LISA**) is a planned space probe by the European Space Agency

## More information

The LISA mission is made to find gravitational waves, tiny waves in the fabric of spacetime from astronomical sources like binary black holes coilliding and a compact binary of stars, and possibly other sources.

The LISA concept has three spacecraft that are in a triangle with each side being 2.5 milion kilometrers long.

## Mission

The LISA mission's main objective is to find and study gravitational waves that are made by black holes and others. Each of the three LISA spacecraft has two telescopes, two lasers and two test equipment.

The larger the triangle, the more sensitive the detector is to long gravitational waves.

## LISA Pathfinder

A European Space Agency test mission that is called LISA Pathfinder was launched in 2015 to test the things needed for LISA to work.

## Infobox (spacecraft)

- **mission type**: Gravitational waves observation
- **previous mission**: Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics, ATHENA
- **programme**: European Space Agency Science Programme, Cosmic Vision
- **operator**: ESA
- **start date**: 2035 (planned)
- **launch rocket**: Ariane 6
- **orbit semimajor**: 1 AU
- **orbit period**: 1 year
- **orbit epoch**: Planned
Corruption in Guinea-Bissau

**Corruption in Guinea-Bissau** is very widespread. The country has one of the highest rates of corruption in the world.

## Causes

Corruption in Guinea-Bissau has many causes. As of 2014, government mismanagement had "created an environment conducive to corruption on a grand scale." This meant that conditions in the government made it easy to commit widespread corruption.

Corruption is also difficult to expose and fight. The country's judicial system is slow, and citizens have no right to access information. These conditions help to keep corruption secret and make it difficult to defeat it.

Another problem is that Guinea-Bissau is a hub of international drug trafficking. One source states:> Abject poverty, state collapse, lack of <nowiki/>[wealth] and endemic corruption have made Guinea Bissau a heaven for the Colombian drug lords.

#### Giving a corruption score

In Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index for 2024, Guinea-Bissau scored 21 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). This was considerably lower than the average score among sub-Saharan African countries: 33. Among those countries, the highest score was 8 and the lowest was 72.

Guinea-Bissau's score on the Index dropped one point from 2023 to 2024. Previously, the score had improved or remained stable every year between 2019 - 2023, after hitting its low point of 16 in 2018.

#### Ranking countries

In addition to giving each country a corruption score, the Index also compares and ranks scores from 180 countries. The country ranked first in this list is perceived to have the most honest public sector. In 2024, Guinea-Bissau ranked 158th among the 180 countries in the Index.

Among these 180 countries, the average score on the Corruption Perceptions Index was 43. The best score - ranked at the top of the list - was 90. The worst score, ranked 180th in the list of countries, was 8.

### Other measures

In 2013, Guinea-Bissau scored below the averages for both Africa and West Africa on the Mo Ibrahim Foundation’s Index of African Governance.
Tannic acid

**Tannic acid** is a term for a mixture of related chemical compounds that are used to make leather. These chemicals are an example of tannins, a larger group of bitter-tasting chemicals that attach to proteins.

## Chemistry

The name "tannic acid" was introduced in 1796, for an extract of oak bark, though the use of similar chemicals is as old as the leather industry. The exact composition of tannic acid was unknown until the early 20th century, when Emil Fischer identified tannic acid as a mixture of various gallic acid esters of glucose.

Tannic acid is unusual because it does not have any of the  functional groups that normally make organic compounds acidic. Instead, its acidity comes from the  groups, similarly to phenol.
Hydroxy group

In organic chemistry, the **hydroxy group** or **hydroxyl group** is a functional group (a piece of a molecule that helps describe how it behaves) that is made from an oxygen atom connected to a hydrogen atom. It has the chemical formula .

The hydroxyl group is very important in organic chemistry; alcohols, carboxylic acids, and sugars all contain hydroxyl groups.

## Name

Official IUPAC nomenclature refers to the  functional group as a "hydroxy group", with "hydroxyl" referring to the related free radical, . "Hydroxyl" is still widely used as a common name for the functional group.

## Chemistry

Hydroxyl groups can act as both acids and bases (they are amphoteric), but they are generally weak unless combined with other functional groups.

The combination of a hydroxyl group and carbonyl on the same carbon atom is a carboxylic acid group, which is the most common kind of acidic group in organic chemistry. Phenols are more acidic than other alcohols because of how the hydroxyl interacts with the aromatic ring.
Muhammad bin Nayef

**Muhammad bin Nayef Al Saud** (Arabic: ) (born 30 August 1959) also known by his initials as **MBN** or **MbN** is a former Saudi Arabian politician and businessman. He had been crown prince, he became the first deputy prime minister of Saudi Arabia chosen by King Salman from 2015 to 2017.

## Early life

Muhammad bin Nayef born in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on 30 August 1959. He is one of the ten children of Nayef bin Abdulaziz.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **full name**: Muhammad bin Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
- **image**: Prince Mohammed bin Naif bin Abdulaziz 2013-01-16.jpg
- **caption**: Muhammad in 2013
- **alt**: Prince Muhammad smiling
- **reign**: 29 April 2015 – 21 June 2017
- **predecessor**: Muqrin bin Abdulaz
- **successor**: Mohammed bin Salman
- **reign1**: 23 January 2015 – 29 April 2015
- **predecessor1**: Muqrin bin Abdulaziz
- **successor1**: Mohammed bin Salman
- **succession2**: Council of Political and Security Affairs (Saudi Arabia), Chairman of the Council of Political and Security Affairs
- **reign2**: 29 April 2015 – 21 June 2017
- **successor2**: Mohammed bin Salman
- **succession3**: Ministry of Interior (Saudi Arabia), Minister of Interior
- **reign3**: 5 November 2012 – 21 June 2017
- **predecessor3**: Ahmed bin Abdulaziz
- **successor3**: Abdulaziz bin Saud
- **birth place**: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- **spouse**: Reema bint Sultan Al Saud
- **house**: House of Saud, Al Saud
- **father**: Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
- **mother**: Al Jawhara bint Abdulaziz Al Jiluwi
Siegfried of Luxembourg

**Siegfried** (or **Sigfried**) ( – 28 October 998) was count in the Ardennes, and is known in European historiography as founder and first ruler of the Castle of Luxembourg in 963 AD, and ancestor and predecessor of the future counts and dukes of Luxembourg. He was also an advocate of the abbeys of St. Maximin in Trier and Saint Willibrord in Echternach.

## Infobox (noble)

- **name**: Siegfried
- **image**: Siegfried I of Luxembourg.jpg
- **noble family**: House of Ardenne

House of Ardenne–Luxembourg
- **father**: Wigeric of Lotharingia
- **mother**: Cunigunda of France
- **spouse**: Hedwig of Nordgau
- **successor**: Henry l, Henry V, Duke of Bavaria
- **title**: List of monarchs of Luxembourg, Count of Luxembourg
Henry V, Count of Luxembourg

**Henry V the Blondell** (1216 – 24 December 1281), called **the Great**, was the Count of Arlon from 1226 to his death, Lord of Ligny from 1240 to his death, Count of Luxembourg and Laroche from 1247 to his death, and the Marquis of Namur between 1256 and 1264 as **Henry III**. He was the son and successor of Waleran III, Duke of Limburg and Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg.

In 1226, following the death of his father Waleran III, Henry inherited the county of Arlon.

In 1240 Henry married Margaret, daughter of Henry II of Bar and Philippa of Dreux. Henry's marriage to Margaret brought him Ligny-en-Barrois as her dowry, though, by a clause in the marriage contract, it remained under the feudal suzerainty of the County of Bar. In contempt of this, Henry paid homage in 1256 to King Theobald II of Navarre in the latter's capacity as Count of Champagne. Henry's brother-in-law Count Theobald II of Bar took advantage of the conflict then raging between Duke Frederick III of Lorraine and the bishops of Metz. Henry V was a partisan of the duke and so Theobald took the side of the bishop. Henry was captured in battle at Prény on 14 September 1266. On 8 September 1268, King Louis IX of France arbitrated between the two counts and Henry was freed and repossessed of Ligny, but under the suzerainty of the Barrois.

## Issue

From Margaret he had the following issue:

- Henry VI (died 1288), Count of Luxembourg
- Waleran I (died 1288), Count of Ligny & Roussy. He is the forefather and founder of what became the French branch of the House of Luxembourg, the so-called house of _Luxembourg-Ligny_.
- Isabelle (1247–1298), married Guy of Dampierre
- Philippa (1252–1311), married John II, Count of Holland
- Marguerite (lady of Macheren), living 1302
- Felicitas
- Jeanne (died 1310), Abbess at the Abbey of Clairefontaine

He also had at least two illegitimate sons including:

- Henry, bastard of Luxembourg (died 1288), married Isabelle of Houffalize, heiress of Houffalize
- Baldwin

All of his sons perished in the Battle of Worringen in 1288.

## Infobox (noble)

- **name**: Henry V
- **title**: Count of Luxembourg
- **image**: File:Henry le Blond.jpg
- **caption**: Henry V, Count of Luxembourg
- **spouse**: Margaret of Bar
- **noble family**: House of Luxembourg (founder)
- **father**: Waleran III, Duke of Limburg
- **mother**: Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg
- **birth date**: 1216
Kid Krow

**Kid Krow** is the debut album of singer songwriter, Conan Gray. It came out on March 19th, 2020. Its most popular songs are Heather and Maniac, with a new one rising up to fame, The Cut That Always Bleeds (shortened to TCTAB).

The songs in this album are:

Comfort Crowd

Wish You Were Sober

Maniac

(Online Love)

Checkmate

Fight Or Flight

Afluenza

(Can We Be Friends?)

Heather

Little Legue

The Story

Most of the songs in Kid Krow were singles, such as Comfort Crowd and The Story.
Pressure (The Kinks song)

"**Pressure**" is a 1979 song by British band The Kinks and is the third single from their 18th studio album _Low Budget_. It was released as a single in the United Kingdom and France.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Pressure
- **type**: single
- **artist**: the Kinks
- **album**: Low Budget (album), Low Budget
- **released**: 30 November 1979 (UK)
- **recorded**: January–June 1979
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock
- **length**: 2:27
- **label**: Arista Records, Arista
- **writer**: Ray Davies
- **producer**: Ray Davies
- **prev title**: Moving Pictures (The Kinks song), Moving Pictures
- **prev year**: 1979
- **next title**: Better Things (The Kinks song), Better Things
- **next year**: 1981
Chenghua Emperor

The **Chenghua Emperor** (9 December 1447 – 9 September 1487), born Zhu Jianshen and later renamed Zhu Jianru in 1457, was the ninth emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1464 to 1487. He succeeded his father, Emperor Yingzong.

Born in 1447, Zhu Jianshen was the son of Emperor Yingzong. At just two years old, his father was captured by Mongols during the Tumu Crisis, leading to Yingzong’s deposition. His younger brother became the Jingtai Emperor, and Yingzong was forced into captivity and later house arrest. He was named crown prince again in 1457 after the Jingtai Emperor was overthrown. Zhu Jianshen became emperor in 1464 at the age of 16, following his father's return to the throne.

Early in his reign, the Chenghua Emperor enacted tax cuts and worked to strengthen state power. However, over time, his rule was increasingly influenced by corrupt eunuchs, such as Wang Zhi and Liang Fang. These officials gained considerable power, leading to widespread corruption. The emperor's preference for favorites over qualified officials and his focus on personal pleasure weakened the state, while peasant uprisings were violently suppressed.

One of the emperor's most notable relationships was with Wan Zhen'er, a palace lady who gained significant influence after bearing a child in 1464, though the child died young. Wan used her position to control the emperor’s harem, even going so far as to force abortions and reportedly poison women and children who might challenge her position. The emperor remained unaware of his actual heir, Zhu Youcheng, who was hidden until 1475.

The Chenghua Emperor also focused on military reforms and achieved notable victories against the Mongols in the 1470s. These successes marked the first major victories over the Mongols since 1449. Under his reign, the Ming dynasty strengthened defenses along the Great Wall of China, particularly in Shaanxi and Shanxi. An alliance with Joseon Korea was also forged, and the Ming engaged in wars against the Jurchen tribes of Manchuria.

The Chenghua Emperor died in 1487 after 23 years of rule. His son, Zhu Youcheng, succeeded him as the Hongzhi Emperor.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Chenghua Emperor
- **image**: MingXianzong1.jpg
- **caption**: Portrait on a hanging scroll
Billlie

**Billlie** (; stylized as ***Bi11lie*** or ***Billlǃə***) is a South Korean girl group made by Mystic Story. Billlie let out their first song on November 10, 2021. The group has seven members: Haram, Haruna, Moon Sua, Sheon, Siyoon, Sooah, and Tsuki.

## Members

- Haram
- Haruna
- Moon Sua
- Sheon
- Siyoon
- Sooah
- Tsuki

### Singles

- FLOWERLD (2021)
- Snowy Night (2021)
- GingaMingaYo (The Strange World) (2022)
- Patbingsu (with Yoon Jong‑shin) (2022)
- Ring Ma Bell (What a Wonderful World) (2022)
- GingaMingaYo (The Strange World)  (2022)
- Eunoia (2023)
- BYOB (Bring Your Own Best Friend) (2023)
- Dang! (Hocus Pocus) (2023)
- The Soul Savior: I Don’t Need a Superman (2023)
- January 0th (A Hope Song) {2024)
- Trampoline (2024)
- Remembrance Candy ()

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Billlie
- **image**: 241018 Billlie.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **alt**: Billlie in October 2024;
- **caption**: Billlie in October 2024
From left to right: Siyoon, Sheon, Tsuki, Moon Sua, Haram, Suhyeon, and Haruna
- **origin**: Seoul, South Korea
- **years active**: 2021–present
- **current members**: * Haram
* Haruna
* Moon Sua
* Sheon
* Siyoon
* Sooah
* Tsuki
Asha Noppeney

**Asha Noppeney** (born 1954, birth name: **Lonyangamoe**) is a German-Ugandan writer, disabled sports activist and nordic walking athlete. She is active in society, takes part in charity such as by doing charity runs to help people with disabilities and those in need.

## Early Life

Noppeney was born in Moroto Town, Uganda. Her birth name is Lonyangamoe.

Her father is Mohammed Nguku Lonyangamoe. He was a medicine man from Machakus in Kenya. Her mother, Nakenoi Zainabu. She comes from today’s South Sudan and is from the Topossa tribe, part of the Karamaojong peoples.

When she was seven, she lost her right leg in a bicycle accident.

## Education

Her education began in Uganda. She attended primary school in Kaabong and Kotido from 1962 to 1968 (7 years). Next, she went to senior secondary school at Bashir High School in Kampala from 1969 to 1972 (4 years). After that, she studied at Kololo High School in Kampala for 2 years, completing her A-levels from 1973 to 1974.

In 1977, she traveled to Paris to take a language course at Alliance Française. At the University Sorbonne in Paris, she studied languages in preparation for further studies. However, due to financial difficulties caused by civil wars in Uganda, she could not start a degree in Paris. Later, she learned translating into English and French at the Institut Catholique in Paris.

## Career

Asha Noppeney works as a manager at a doctor’s office and as a writer. Since 2005, she has been very active in disabled sports, focusing on athletics. She competed in the 2016 and 2019 New York City Marathon using Nordic walking. She also writes about her life and helps raise money for charity.

## Personal Life

She holds citizenship in both Germany and Uganda. She speaks German, French, and English.  She is married and resides in Eckersdorf, Germany.

## Awards

In recognition of her work, Asha Noppeney received the Bavarian Order of Merit in 2021.

On 4 December 2024, she was awarded the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. The German Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier recognized Noppeney for her volunteer work. She is praised for her efforts in helping people with disabilities and supporting children in need.

## Infobox (person)

- **birth name**: Lonyangamoe
- **birth place**: Moroto Town, Uganda
- **nationality**: Uganda, German
- **occupation**: doctor's assistant, writer, disabled sportsperson
- **employer**: retired
- **known for**: nordic walking as a disabled sportsperson, collecting donations
- **notable works**: _Tochter der Kriegernomaden_ (autobiographical novel)
Neatsville, Kentucky

**Neatsville** is an unincorporated community in Adair County, in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is located at the junction of Kentucky Route 206 and Kentucky Route 76. Its elevation is 705 feet (215 m). For unknown reasons, the town's name was spelled as **Neetsville** from 1876 until 1886, when the town's post office closed. In its early history from around the 1810s to 1900, Neatsville progressively grew to become a well-established, incorporated town. It has been relocated twice through the years, once due to flooding circa 1900–1902, which decimated the town, and once in the 1960s when the Green River was impounded to make way for the Green River Reservoir.
Kentucky Route 393

**Kentucky Route 393** (**KY 393**) is a  state highway in Oldham County, Kentucky, that runs from Kentucky Route 1818 southeast of Centerfield to U.S. Route 42 north of Buckner.
Heal the World Foundation

The original **Heal the World Foundation** was a nonprofit organization that was established in 1992 by singer Michael Jackson to promote global awareness and support for children and families in need. The foundation's creation was inspired by his charitable single of the same name. The foundation aimed to improve the quality of life for those in underprivileged situations, focusing on health, education, and social issues.

It promoted various initiatives, including humanitarian aid, education programs, and efforts to raise awareness about the challenges faced by children worldwide. The organization's missions and projects often reflected Michael Jackson's legacy of caring for humanity and making a positive impact on society.
Maria Nyerere

**Maria Nyerere** (born **Maria Waningu Gabriel Magige**; 31 December 1930) is a Tanzanian educator and the widow of Julius Nyerere, the first President of Tanzania. She served as the country's inaugural First Lady from 1964 to 1985. His direct grandson is Kevin Nyerere a supporter of Pan-Africanism.

## Early life and education

Maria Nyerere was born in the Tanganyika Territory into a Roman Catholic family belonging to the Simbiti ethnic group. She was the seventh of nine children of Gabriel Magige and Hannah Nyashiboha.

She attended the White Sisters’ School in Nyegina, later continuing her studies on Ukerewe Island, and completed teacher training at Sumve Teacher Training College. She began her teaching career in 1947 at Nyegina Primary School in Musoma.

## Marriage and public role

In 1953, she married Julius Nyerere, then a schoolteacher and political activist. During the independence struggle, Maria supported her husband and maintained a household business to supplement their income in Dar es Salaam.

Following the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964, Julius Nyerere became the first President of the United Republic of Tanzania, and Maria served as the nation’s first First Lady until his retirement in 1985. During this period, she participated in public and charitable events and remained active in Catholic and women's organizations.

## Later life

After Julius Nyerere’s retirement, the couple returned to their native village of Butiama. Following his death in 1999, Maria remained a public figure, supporting educational and health-related initiatives.

In 2018, she was honored by the African Union as a “Female Icon of the African Anti-Colonial Liberation Struggle” during the 32nd AU Summit in Addis Ababa.

## Related pages

- Julius Nyerere
- Museum Nyerere Memorial House

## Bibliography

- Nyerere, Julius. _Freedom and Unity: A Selection from Writings and Speeches 1952–1965_. Oxford University Press, 1966. ISBN 978-0196430012.
- Nyerere, Julius. _Freedom, Non-Aligned and Peace_. Oxford University Press, 1980. ISBN 978-0195760516.
- Legum, Colin. _Africa Since Independence_. Indiana University Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0253335294.
- Becker, Felicitas. _Becoming Muslim in Mainland Tanzania, 1890–2000_. Oxford University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0199289792.
- Geiger, Susan. _TANU Women: Gender and Culture in the Making of Tanganyikan Nationalism, 1955–1965_. Heinemann, 1997. ISBN 978-0325000304.
- Pratt, Cranford. _The Critical Phase in Tanzania 1945–1968: Nyerere and the Emergence of a Socialist Strategy_. Cambridge University Press, 1976. ISBN 978-0521210432.

## Other websites

- Official Julius Nyerere Memorial Site
- African Union – 32nd Ordinary Session (2018 honour)
- Kevin Nyerere Holding (family foundation site)
Ben (Michael Jackson album)

***Ben*** is the second studio album by American singer Michael Jackson, released on August 4, 1972. The album is notable for its title track, "Ben," which is a ballad that became one of Jackson's signature songs. The song, which was also the theme for the movie of the same name about a boy and a rat, topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart, making Jackson the youngest artist to achieve a No. 1 hit at the time.

The album features a mix of pop and soul music and includes other tracks such as "Greatest Show on Earth," "My Girl," and "What Goes Around Comes Around." "Ben" showcases Jackson's impressive vocal range and emotive delivery, contributing to his rising status as a solo artist after his initial fame with The Jackson 5. The album received positive reviews and further established Jackson as a major force in the music industry.
Music & Me

***Music & Me*** is the third studio album by American singer Michael Jackson, released on April 13, 1973. It was released under the Motown label and features a collection of pop and soul tracks that showcase Jackson's vocal talents as a young artist. This album includes songs such as "With a Child's Heart," "Up Again," and "Happy," among others.

_Music & Me_ was relatively less commercially successful than some of his other albums, but it still demonstrated Michael Jackson's evolving artistry and his ability to connect emotionally with his audience, even at a young age. The album is notable for its heartfelt lyrics and Jackson's signature vocal style.
Michael (Michael Jackson album)

***Michael*** is the posthumous album by the American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released in 2010. Eight of the album's ten songs were written by Jackson. Jackson died in 2009 and will.i.am said before the album's release that the album should not be released.

## Critical response

_Rolling Stone_ gave the album three out of five stars.

## Track listing

1. "Hold My Hand" (featuring Akon)

2. "Hollywood Tonight"

3. "Keep Your Head Up"

4. "(I Like) The Way You Love Me"

5. "Monster" (featuring 50 Cent)

6. "Best of Joy"

7. "Breaking News"

8. "(I Can't Make It) Another Day" (featuring Lenny Kravitz)

9. "Behind the Mask"

10. "Much Too Soon"
Aarsha Chandini Baiju

**Aarsha Chandini Baiju** (born 8 November 2000) is an Indian actress who works in Malayalam movies. She made her acting debut in _Pathinettam Padi_ (2019) and later starred in the Karikku Fliq mini-series _Average Ambili_ (2021). She played the female lead in _Mukundan Unni Associates_ (2022).
Aarthi Ganeshkar

**Aarthi**, who is also called **Harathi**, is an Indian actress, comedian, and TV host who works in Tamil movies and TV dramas. She started as a child artist in the late 1990s and later appeared in stand-up comedy shows like _Super10_ and _Lollu Sabha_. She has acted in movies such as _Giri_ (2004), _Padikkadavan_ (2009), and _Kutty_ (2010).
Love Never Felt So Good

"**Love Never Felt So Good**" is a song by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson, released posthumously in 2014 as part of the album _Xscape_. The track features a blend of Jackson's signature pop and soul style, with infectious melodies and smooth grooves. It was co-written by Michael Jackson and Paul Anka and showcases themes of joy and the euphoric feeling of love.

The song received positive reviews from critics and fans, celebrating Jackson's timeless talent. It was also notable for its upbeat production and was included in various remixes and performances.
Aditi Aarya

**Aditi Aarya** (born 13 October 1996) is an Indian actress and singer who works in Indian movies. She won the Femina Miss India beauty pageant and made her acting debut in the Hindi movie _Aape Pein Siyaape_. She later played lead roles in _Munda Rockstar_ and _Khaao Piyo Aish Karo_.
Future Italian frescos

**Future Italian Frescos** (Italian: ***Futuri affreschi italiani***) is a 2018 Italian film about contemporary artist Salvatore Garau. The film explores Garau's artistic vision through a poetic visual narrative, connecting classical fresco traditions with his abstract, conceptual approach to space, surface, and spirituality.

## Synopsis

The film examines Garau’s reinterpretation of the fresco in a contemporary context, treating walls, voids, and silence as integral elements of artistic expression. Through evocative imagery and visual metaphors, the work presents a dialogue between Italian cultural memory and future-oriented aesthetics.

An expansive and deteriorating interior—long abandoned—bears silent traces of its past. Oversized canvases, echoing the grandeur of lost altarpieces, lean against the walls. Their classical forms, displaced in time, suggest a future that never arrived. The purpose of the space is unclear: a former gallery? a forgotten studio? What remains is a lingering presence, as if the walls themselves remember. Into this charged atmosphere steps an artist, who re-inhabits the void. As he paints, he responds to the silent energy still radiating from the room. The neglected altarpieces, suspended in decay, become the true protagonists of his dialogue with absence and memory.

## Festivals and Awards

_Future Italian Frescos_ has been selected and screened at several international film festivals:

- New York Film Festival
- International Film Festival of India
- Spain Film Festival (2021)
- Winner of Brazilia Festival of Brazilian Cinema (2021)

## Reception

The film has been noted for its meditative tone and innovative approach to the artist documentary format, receiving attention from both art critics and film programmers.

## Related pages

- Salvatore Garau
- Fresco
- Contemporary art
- Art film

## Other websites

- _Future Italian Frescos_ – full film on YouTube
- Article from _La Nuova Sardegna_ (2017)

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Future Italian Frescos
- **director**: Salvatore Garau
- **writer**: Salvatore Garau
- **starring**: Salvatore Garau
- **released**: 2018
- **country**: Italy
- **language**: Italian language, English
Workin' for a Livin' (Garth Brooks song)

"**Workin' for a Livin**'" is a song by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in December 17, 2007 as the second single from third compilation album _The Ultimate Hits_.

## Music video

The music video and premiered on January 17, 2008 on CMT.

It debuted at number 20 on CMT's Top 20 Countdown for the week of February 7, 2008.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Workin' for a Livin'
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Garth Brooks and Huey Lewis
- **album**: The Ultimate Hits
- **released**: December 17, 2007
- **recorded**: 2007
- **genre**: Country music, Country
- **length**: 2:44
- **label**: Big Machine Records, Big Machine, Pearl
- **writer**: Huey Lewis, Chris Hayes
- **producer**: Allen Reynolds
- **chronology**: Garth Brooks
- **prev title**: More Than a Memory
- **prev year**: 2007
- **next title**: Midnight Sun (song), Midnight Sun
- **next year**: 2008
LISA Pathfinder

**LISA Pathfinder**, used to be called **Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology-2**  (**SMART-2**)**,** was a European Space Agency spacecraft that was launched on December 3, 2015.

## More information

The mission tested technology needed for  Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), another mission by ESA that is planned to launch in 2035. The Vega rocket was used to launch LISA Pathfinder. The LISA Pathfinder was testing it's laser interferometer that would later be used for LISA.

## Related pages

- LISA, planned ESA space observatory.
- Einstien Telescope, a proposed gravitational wave detector.

## Infobox (spacecraft)

- **name**: LISA Pathfinder
- **names list**: Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology-2 (SMART-2)
- **mission duration**: 576 days
- **next mission**: BepiColombo
- **previous mission**: Gaia (spacecraft)
- **mission type**: Technology demonstration
- **programme**: Horizon 2000+
- **start date**: December 3, 2015, 04:04:00 UTC
- **deactivated**: June 30, 2017
- **disposal type**: Decommissioned
- **orbit reference**: Sun-Earth lagrange point
- **orbit epoch**: Planned
- **orbit apoapsis**: 800,000 km
- **orbit periapsis**: 500,000 km
- **launch rocket**: Vega_(rocket)
- **image**: LISA Pathfinder (14257775333).jpg
- **image alt**: _LISA Pathfinder_ spacecraft
- **image caption**: A model of the LISA Pathfinder
- **cospar id**: 2015-070A
- **satcat**: 41043
This Is It (concert residency)

**This Is It** was a planned concert series by American singer Michael Jackson which was supposed to happen at the O2 Arena in London, England. The concert series was wanted by a lot of people and was planned to have a series of performances that showed Jackson's greatest hits, detailed stage productions, and brand new technology.

The plan was announced in March 2009 and was planned to run from July 2009 to February 2010, with a total of 50 shows. However, Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, a few weeks before the first show was supposed to begin.

After he died, the plans for concert performances were made into a documentary called _Michael Jackson's This Is It_, which had rehearsal footage, behind-the-scenes glimpses, and performances of the songs that were supposed to be in the show. The film was released in October 2009 and got positive reviews, with many saying good things about Jackson's enduring talent and charisma.
Park Place

**Park Place** is a large mall on the East Side of Tucson, Arizona, United States. The anchor stores are Century Theatres, Dillard's, Round 1 Entertainment, Total Wine & More, Ulta Beauty, and Old Navy. There is one vacant anchor store that was once Macy's.

## History

Park Place was originally called **Park Mall** in May 1975, but was renewed in the beginning in 1998 and renamed Park Place the next year. The mall is named after Sears Park, which was originally located at the same site and included what was originally a standalone Sears store (which first opened in the fall of 1965), which became the mall's major anchor (the "Sears Park" site is presently limited to its extreme southern and western portion). The original stores that opened along with Sears were additional anchors The Broadway (became Macy's in 1996), Furr’s Cafeteria, Mann Theatres, and Diamond's (became Dillard's in 1986), as well as 51 other stores. In 2015, Sears Holdings spun off 235 of its properties, including the Sears at Park Place, into Sertiage Growth Properties. The Sears store later closed in 2018 as part of the company's ongoing financial woes, and was replaced by a Round1 in October 2019. The electric substation on the premises is named Sears Substation because it was there a decade before the mall was built. From 1970 to 1996 the owner was the mall's original developer, Joseph Kivel.<sup>[_citation needed_]</sup> On May 28, 2020, it was announced that Macy's would be closing in late 2020. After Macy's closed, Dillard's became the only traditional anchor store left.

In the summer of 2023, the mall was under new ownership and management as the mall was sold to Pacific Retail for $87 million from Brookfield Properties.

## Renewal (1998-2000)

The 1,100,000-square-foot (100,000 m<sup>2</sup>), $100 million renewal, completed in 2001, was recognized that year as a Reader's Pick for Best Contemporary Art in _Tucson Weekly_'s Best of Tucson awards. The renewal included the addition of an Old Navy, Borders, and Abercrombie & Fitch.

The mall features two anchor stores (Dillard's and Round One Entertainment), a food court, a Southwest-themed children's play area, and a cineplex with 20 screens. A number of full-service restaurants are also located on site.

## References

- https://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue2/1995/05/27/29343-two-malls-part-of-kivel-s-legacy/
- https://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue2/1999/11/19/190613-park-mall-floor-to-hide-time-capsule-until-2040/
- https://www.kold.com/story/38133807/sears-park-place-round1-bowling-entertainment/<nowiki/>https://tucson.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/rio-nuevo-plan-adds-el-con-park-malls/article_ecad6a14-9ac3-11e1-a34f-0019bb2963f4.html

## Other websites

- https://parkplacemall.com/
- https://historicalaerials.com
Unforgivable Sinner

"**Unforgivable Sinner**" is a 1998 debut single by Norwegian singer Lene Marlin and is the leading single from her debut studio album _Playing My Game_. It went to number 1 in Norway, number 2 in Italy, number 13 in the United Kingdom, number 15 in Scotland, number 48 in Australia, number 32 in New Zealand and number 37 in France. Three different music videos were made for the song.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Unforgivable Sinner
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Lene Marlin
- **album**: Playing My Game
- **b-side**: Maybe I'll Go
- **length**: 3:59
- **label**: Virgin Records, Virgin
- **writer**: Lene Marlin
- **producer**: * Hans G
* Jørn Dahl
- **chronology**: Lene Marlin
- **next title**: Sitting Down Here
- **next year**: 1999
Zalkod

**Zalkod** is a village in Sárospatak District of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Its population in 2024 was 184.

## Location

It lies on the left bank of the Bodrog and the right bank of the Tisza.

The neighbouring settlements are Viss to the north-east, Kenézlő to the east, Szabolcs to the south-east, Timár to the south, Bodrogkeresztúr to the south-west, Bodrogkisfalud to the west and Olaszliszka to the north-west.

## History

Zalkod is an old village from the 1200s. Its name was first written as _Zalgoch_ in a church tax list. In 1406, it belonged to the Újfalussy family, and in 1470, to the Óbégányi family. At the end of the 18th century and start of the 19th century, families like Csapó, Hangácsy, Komjáthy, and Poroszlay owned it. In the early 20th century, it was owned by the heirs of Mór Rothmann.

### Mayors

- 1990–1994: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 1994–1998: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 1998–2002: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 2002–2006: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 2006–2010: István Szendi (Hungarian Socialist Party)
- 2010–2014: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 2014–2019: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 2019–2024: Gizella Papp (independent)
- 2024–: József Takács (independent)

## Population

In 2022, 85.3% of the population identified as Hungarian, 1.1% said Roma, 0.5% said Rusyn, and 1.1% said other non-local nationalities (14.7% did not answer; because of dual identities, the total can be more than 100%). For religion, 32.1% were Roman Catholic, 6% were Reformed, 15.8% were Greek Catholic, 0.5% were other Christian, and 0.5% had no religion (44.6% did not answer).