juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Kane County, Illinois

**Kane County** is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. In the 2020 census, it has a population of 516,522, making it the fifth-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Geneva, and its largest city is Aurora.

Kane County is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Kendall County, Illinois

**Kendall County** is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. In the 2020 census, it has a population of 131,869. Its county seat is Yorkville, and its most populous municipality is Oswego. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Oswego, Illinois

**Oswego**  is a village in Kendall County, Illinois, United States. The village population, in the 2020 census, is 34,585. Its population has more than doubled since the 2000 census count of 13,326. With that growth, Oswego is the largest city located completely within Kendall County.
Philmont, New York

**Philmont** is a village in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,377 at the 2020 census.
Diya (lamp)

A **Diya**, **diyo**, **deya**, **divaa**, **deepa**, **deepam**, or **deepak** is an oil lamp. It is used in the Indian subcontinent, mostly in India and Nepal. It is usually made from clay and a cotton wick dipped in ghee or vegetable oils. Diyas are native to the Indian subcontinent. It is often used in Hindu, Sikh, Jain and Zoroastrian religious festivals such as Diwali or the Kushti ceremony.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **title**: Diya Mohnot
- **caption**: Diya, or oil lamp, in different formations
Kali Puja

**Kali Puja** is also known as **Shyama Puja** or **Mahanisha Puja**. It is a festival celebrated in the honour of Hindu goddess Kali. It is celebrated on the new moon day of the Hindu month Kartik (October-November). It is mostly celebrated in West Bengal, Mithila region of Bihar, Odisha, Assam, Tripura and Bangladesh. It happens at the same time with the pan-Indian Lakshmi Puja day of Diwali. In this day Bengalis, Odias, Assamese and Maithils worship goddess Kali. Mahanisha puja is done by the Maithili people of Mithila region in India and Nepal.

## Infobox (holiday)

- **holiday name**: Kali Puja
- **image**: Maa Kali Barasat Roy Chowdhury Bari.jpg
- **observedby**: Hindus
- **date**: Decided by lunar calendar
- **observances**: Prayers, Religious rituals (see Puja (Hinduism), puja, prashad)
- **celebrations**: by worship
- **type**: Hindu
- **longtype**: Hindu
- **date2015**: 10 November
- **date2017**: 19 October
- **date2018**: 06 November
- **frequency**: annual
Mandiraja

**Mandiraja** is a sub-district in Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.  Its area is 52,61 km and the population in 2010 was 63.679 people. Mandiraja Subdistrict consists of 16 Villages 72 RW and 387 RT. The administrative center of Mandiraja sub-district is in the village of Mandiraja Kulon.

## Geographical Location

Mandiraja iis in the northern mountains of South Serayu to the zone of Serayu alluvial depression with an altitude between 50 and 450 meters above sea level, South of the hills covering 6 villages namely Salamerta, Glempang, Kebanaran, Somawangi, Jalatunda, and Kaliwungu while the other 10 villages  are lowlands. The highest point of Mandiraja is Igir hill 475 meters in the border between Somawangi village and Kebumen District. The big rivers in the Mandiraja District are the Kalisapi River and Serayu River.

## Boundary

Mandiraja District is between 7°28'37 South latitude and 109 East longitude and borders:
- North: Rakit sub-district and Purbalingga Regency
- East: Purwanegara sub-district
- West: Purwareja-Klampok
- South: Kebumen Regency

## Demography

Mandiraja sub-district is inhabited by various Javanese tribes. Besides the Javanese tribes in Mandiraja sub-district there are also other tribes such as Sundanese,Chinese, Arabic and other

## Religion

The majority of the population of Mandiraja sub-district embraced Islam and a small proportion embraced Catholicism,  in Kertayasa village and in part of the villages of Candiwulan, Somawangi and Mandiraja Kulon.

## Agriculture

Most of the productive land in Mandiraja sub-district is planted with rice and a small portion is planted with various vegetables and fruits. The village with the largest rice production is Purwasaba village.

## Culture

Mandiraja culture adheres to the Banyumasan culture and Javanese culture is quite different because the Banyumasan culture is absorbed in Sundanese culture. In Mandiraja District there are some very unique cultures such as Ebeg, Lengger, Kentongan and others.

## Food

Mandiraja sub-district has a wide variety of special foods including Mendoan and Sroto, Tahu Masak, Dawet, Sate and others.

## Villages

list of names of villages in Mandiraja sub-district :
- Mandirajakulon
- Mandirajawetan
- Banjengan
- Kebakalan
- Panggisari
- Candiwulan
- Kertayasa
- Purwasaba
- Glempang
- Kebanaran
- Salamerta
- Kaliwungu
- Somawangi
- Jalatunda
- Blimbing
- Simbang

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Kecamatan Mandiraja
- **settlement type**: Kecamatan
- **pushpin map**: Indonesia
- **pushpin map caption**: Location Mandiraja In Indonesia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Indonesia
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision name1**: Central Java
- **subdivision type2**: Regency
- **subdivision name2**: Banjarnegara
- **leader title**: Camat
- **leader name**: Drs H.Paryono.M.M
- **area total km2**: 52.61
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population total**: 63679
- **population density km2**: 1210
- **timezone**: Time in Indonesia, WIB
- **utc offset**: +7
- **area code**: 0286
Cherokee County

**Cherokee County** is the name of eight counties in the United States:
- Cherokee County, Alabama
- Cherokee County, Georgia
- Cherokee County, Iowa
- Cherokee County, Kansas
- Cherokee County, North Carolina
- Cherokee County, Oklahoma
- Cherokee County, South Carolina
- Cherokee County, Texas
Caldwell County

**Caldwell County** is the name of five counties in the United States:
- Caldwell County, Kentucky
- Caldwell County, Missouri
- Caldwell County, North Carolina
- Caldwell County, Texas
- Caldwell Parish, Louisiana
Ellis County

**Ellis County** is the name of three counties in the United States:
- Ellis County, Kansas
- Ellis County, Oklahoma
- Ellis County, Texas
Green County

**Green County** is the name of three counties in the United States:
- Green County, Kentucky
- Green County, Wisconsin
- Tom Green County, Texas

## Other

- Greene County
- Green Country, a tourism designation for Northeast Oklahoma
Greene County

**Greene County** is the name of several counties in the United States:
- Greene County, Alabama
- Greene County, Arkansas
- Greene County, Georgia
- Greene County, Illinois
- Greene County, Indiana
- Greene County, Iowa
- Greene County, Mississippi
- Greene County, Missouri
- Greene County, New York
- Greene County, North Carolina
- Greene County, Ohio
- Greene County, Pennsylvania
- Greene County, Tennessee
- Greene County, Virginia

## Other

- Green County
Greene County, Arkansas

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 45,736. The county seat is Paragould.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Greene County
- **state**: Arkansas
- **founded year**: 1833
- **founded date**: November 5
- **seat wl**: Paragould
- **largest city wl**: Paragould
- **area total sq mi**: 580
- **area land sq mi**: 578
- **area water sq mi**: 1.9
- **area percentage**: 0.3
- **census yr**: 2020
- **population total**: 45736
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **ex image**: Paragould AR 2011 06 23 002.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Courthouse in Paragould
- **web**: county.arkansas.gov/greene/
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Nathanael Greene
Greene County, Alabama

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,730; it was the least populous county in Alabama. The county seat is Eutaw. It was named in honor of Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene of Rhode Island. In the 2020 census, the county's population was 80.8% African-American.
Greene County, Indiana

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020, the population was 30,803. The county seat is Bloomfield.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Greene County
- **state**: Indiana
- **founded**: January 5, 1821
- **seat wl**: Bloomfield
- **largest city wl**: Linton
- **area total sq mi**: 545.92
- **area land sq mi**: 542.50
- **area water sq mi**: 3.42
- **area percentage**: 0.63%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 30803
- **density km2**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: http://www.co.greene.in.us/
- **named for**: Nathanael Greene
- **district**: 8th
- **footnotes**: Indiana county number 28
- **ex image**: Greene County Courthouse in Bloomfield front and western side distant.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Greene County Courthouse in Bloomfield
Greene County, Missouri

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 298,915, making it the fourth-most populous county in Missouri. The county seat is Springfield. The county was founded in 1833 and is named after American Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene.
Greene County, Illinois

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 11,985. The county seat is Carrollton.
Greene County, Georgia

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,915. The county seat is Greensboro. The county was founded on February 3, 1786 and is named for Nathanael Greene, an American Revolutionary War major general.
Greene County, Iowa

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,771. The county seat is Jefferson. The county is named after American Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene.
Grundy County

**Grundy County** is the name of four counties in the United States, all named in honor of Felix Grundy:
- Grundy County, Illinois
- Grundy County, Iowa
- Grundy County, Missouri
- Grundy County, Tennessee
Grundy County, Iowa

**Grundy County** is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,329. The county seat is Grundy Center. The county is named for Felix Grundy, former U.S. Attorney General.
Seguin, Texas

**Seguin** ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Guadalupe County. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,433.
Gervase Markham

**Gervase Markham** (21 June 1978 – 27 July 2018) was a British computer scientist, engineer and writer. He worked for the Mozilla Foundation, and was a lead developer of Bugzilla. He started working on the Mozilla project in 1999 and became the youngest paid employee of Mozilla.org at age 23.

Markham was born in Morland, Cumbria. He studied at Oxford University. Markham was diagnosed with salivary gland cancer in 2006. He died on 27 July 2018 from the disease at his home in Loughborough, Leicestershire, aged 40.
Anne Vermeer

**Anne Rinse Vermeer** (12 December 1916 – 26 July 2018) was a Dutch politician and economist. He was born in Tiel, Netherlands. Vermeer was a member of the Labour Party (PvdA). Vermeer was a member of thw House of Representatives from 1956 to 1963 and a Senator from 1966 to 1987. In between his time in congress, Vermeer was also  Mayor of Amersfoort from 1976 to 1982.

Vermeer died of respiratory failure in Amersfoort, Netherlands on 26 July 2018, aged 101.

## Other websites

- Parlement.com
Try Sutrisno

**Try Sutrisno** (, born 15 November 1935) is an Indonesian politician. He is the sixth vice president. He held office from 11 March 1993 to 10 March 1998.

## Other websites

- Profile at TokohIndonesia.com  (In Indonesian)
- Info on Tanjung Priok Incident

|-

|-

## Infobox (vice president)

- **name**: Try Sutrisno
- **image**: Try Sutrisno Official Portrait.jpg
- **order**: List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia, 6th
- **office**: Vice President of Indonesia
- **term start**: 11 March 1993
- **term end**: 11 March 1998
- **predecessor**: Sudharmono
- **successor**: B. J. Habibie
- **birth place**: Surabaya, East Java, Dutch East Indies
- **party**: Golkar
- **spouse**: Tuti Sutiawati
- **profession**: Military (retired)
- **signature**: Signature of Try Sutrisno.svg
- **branch**:  Indonesian Army
- **serviceyears**: 1959–1993
- **rank**:  General
- **commands**: Kodam Udayana
 Kodam Sriwijaya
 Kodam Jaya
The Indonesian National Armed Forces
- **battles**: Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia, PRRI Rebellion
 Indonesian occupation of East Timor, Insurgency in East Timor
 Insurgency in Aceh
Mohammad Hatta

**Mohammad Hatta** (;12 August 1902 – 14 March 1980) was Indonesia's first Vice President of Indonesia, later also being the country's Prime Minister. He fought for the independence of Indonesia from the Dutch.

As a young man, he visited the Netherlands (where the Dutch are from) and argued for Indonesian independence from the Dutch. Later, he helped publish a magazine called _Indonesia Merdeka_ (which means Free Indonesia).

When he returned to Indonesia, the Japanese invaded. He hope that they would support Indonesian independence and collaborated with them. However, he was disappointed when it became clear that they too wanted to colonize Indonesia.

After the Japanese left, he joined Sukarno in declaring independence. He was Indonesia's first Vice President while Sukarno was president.

Hatta died on 14 March 1980 in Jakarta and was buried in Jakarta's Tanah Kusir public cemetery.

## Awards

- Order of the Sacred Treasure (1943)
- Bintang Gerilya (1952)
- Honorary doctoral Indonesia University "UI" (1958)

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Mohammad Hatta
- **image**: Mohammad Hatta 1950.jpg
- **caption**: Mohammad Hatta in 1950
- **office**: 1st Vice President of Indonesia
- **term start**: 18 August 1945
- **term end**: 1 December 1956
- **president**: Sukarno
- **successor**: Hamengkubuwono IX
- **office2**: 3rd Prime Minister of Indonesia
- **term start2**: 29 January 1948
- **term end2**: 20 December 1949
- **president2**: Sukarno
- **predecessor2**: Amir Sjarifoeddin
- **successor2**: Susanto Tirtoprodjo (acting)
Mohammad Natsir
- **office3**: 4th Minister of Defence (Indonesia), Minister of Defence of Indonesia
- **term start3**: 29 January 1948
- **term end3**: 4 August 1949
- **president3**: Sukarno
- **predecessor3**: Amir Sjarifoeddin
- **successor3**: Hamengkubuwono IX
- **office4**: 4th Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia), Foreign Minister of Indonesia
- **term start4**: 20 December 1949
- **term end4**: 6 September 1950
- **president4**: Sukarno
- **predecessor4**: Agus Salim
- **successor4**: Mohammad Roem
- **birth place**: Fort de Kock, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies
- **death place**: Jakarta, Indonesia
- **nationality**: Indonesia
- **party**: Indonesian National Party
- **spouse**: Rahmi Rachim
- **children**: Meutia Hatta
Gemala Hatta
Halida Hatta
- **signature**: Signature of Mohammad Hatta.png
Jusuf Kalla

**Muhammad Jusuf Kalla** (; born 15 May 1942) is an Indonesian politician. He was the 12th Vice President of Indonesia from 2014 through 2019. He was also the 10th Vice President from 2004 to 2009. He ran as Golkar's presidential candidate in the 2009 presidential election, but lost the election. Since 2009 Kalla has served as the Chairman of the Indonesian Red Cross Society.

Before Kalla said he would run as a running mate for Joko Widodo in the 2014 presidential election, polling numbers showed Kalla as the front-runner of the elction. He is the first person to hold two non-consecutive terms as Vice President of Indonesia.

## Other websites

- Profile at TokohIndonesia
- Official Site of Jusuf Kalla
- Jusuf Kalla's Blog
- Official Site of Sahabat Muda Jusuf Kalla-Wiranto
- Official Site of Jusuf Kalla and Wiranto for Presidential Election 2009

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: File:Jusuf Kalla, official vice-presidential portrait (2014).jpg
- **office**: List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia, 10th and List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia, 12th Vice President of Indonesia
- **president**: Joko Widodo
- **term start**: 20 October 2014
- **term end**: 20 October 2019
- **predecessor**: Boediono
- **successor**: Ma'ruf Amin
- **president1**: Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
- **term start1**: 20 October 2004
- **term end1**: 20 October 2009
- **predecessor1**: Hamzah Haz
- **successor1**: Boediono
- **office2**: Leader of Golongan Karya Party
- **term start2**: 9 October 2004
- **term end2**: 9 October 2009
- **predecessor2**: Akbar Tandjung
- **successor2**: Aburizal Bakrie
- **office3**: Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare
- **term start3**: 10 August 2001
- **term end3**: 22 April 2004
- **president3**: Megawati Soekarnoputri
- **predecessor3**: Basri Hasanuddin
- **successor3**: Abdul Malik Fadjar
<small>(ad interim)</small>
- **office4**: Ministry of Trade (Indonesia), Minister of Trade and Industry
- **term start4**: 29 October 1999
- **term end4**: 24 August 2000
- **president4**: Abdurahman Wahid
- **predecessor4**: Rahardi Ramelan
- **successor4**: Luhut Binsar Panjaitan
- **birth name**: Muhammad Jusuf Kalla
- **birth place**: Watampone, South Sulawesi, Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese-occupied East Indies
- **nationality**: Indonesian
- **spouse**: Mufidah Miad Saad
- **party**: Golkar, Golkar Party
- **children**: Muchlisa Kalla
Muswira Kalla
Imelda Kalla
Solichin Kalla
Chaerani Kalla
- **alma mater**: Hasanuddin University <small>(Doctorandus, Drs.)</small>
INSEAD <small>(Master of Business Administration, M.B.A.)</small>
University of Malaya <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
Sōka University <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
Indonesia University of Education <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
Hasanuddin University <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
Syiah Kuala University <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
University of Brawijaya <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
University of Indonesia <small>(Honorary degree, Dr.h.c.)</small>
- **profession**: Businessman
Celeste Rodrigues

**Maria Celeste Rebordão Rodrigues** <small>GCIH</small> (14 March 1923 – 1 August 2018) was a Portuguese _fadista_ (fado singer) and the younger sister of Amália Rodrigues. She was born in Fundão, Portugal. Rodrigues was known for her songs such as _Lenda das Algas_ (Legend of the Algae), _Já é tarde_ (It is already late) and _Fado Celeste_ achievements.

Rodrigues lived in Lisbon and Washington, D.C.. She died in Lisbon on 1 August 2018 from a stroke, aged 95.
Umbayee

**Umbayee** (ഉമ്പായി; 1950 – 1 August 2018) was an Indian folk musician and composer. He worked in the Ghazal genre. Umbayee was born in Mattancherry, Kerala. Umbayee was known for his unique style of singing.
Burleson, Texas

**Burleson** is a city in Texas. During the 2020 Census, there were 47,641 people living in Burleson. Burleson is in both Johnson and Tarrant counties and is a suburb of Fort Worth.

Kelly Clarkson was living in Burleson when she won the first American Idol contest.
Cleburne, Texas

**Cleburne** is a city and county seat of Johnson County, Texas, United States. At the 2020 U.S. Census, the population was 31,352. The city is named after Patrick Cleburne, a Confederate General.  Lake Pat Cleburne, the reservoir that provides water to the city and surrounding area, is also named after Pat Cleburne.
Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex

The **Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex** (officially called the **Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, TX Metropolitan Statistical Area** by the US Office of Management and Budget) is a large metropolitan area of Texas which includes the 11 counties in the area. Residents of the area also refer to it as the **Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex**, **DFW**, or **the Metroplex**. It is the economic and cultural hub of the region. DFW is the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States.
Louise Tobin

**Mary Louise Tobin** (born November 11, 1918) is an American jazz singer. Tobin was born in Aubrey, Texas, but raised in Denton, Texas. She appeared with Benny Goodman, Bobby Hackett, Will Bradley, and Jack Jenney. Tobin introduced _I Didn't Know What Time It Was_ with Benny Goodman’s band in 1939.

Her biggest hit with Goodman was _There'll Be Some Changes Made_, which was number two on the _Hit Parade_ in 1941 for 15 weeks.
Aubrey, Texas

**Aubrey** is a city in Denton County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,006 at the 2020 census.
Tenafly, New Jersey

**Tenafly**  is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 census, the borough's population was 15,409. Tenafly is a suburb of New York City.
Susan Egan

**Susan Farrell Egan** (born February 18, 1970) is an American actress, singer, dancer and comedian. She is known for her work on the Broadway stage. She is best known for the role of Belle in the Broadway musical adaptation of _Beauty and the Beast_ (1994), as well as the voice of Megara in _Hercules_ (1997), and the voice for Rose Quartz/Pink Diamond on _Steven Universe_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Susan Egan
- **image**: Susan Egan Photo Op GalaxyCon San Jose 2024.jpg
- **caption**: Egan in 2024
- **birth name**: Susan Farrell Egan
- **birth place**: Seal Beach, California, U.S.
- **alias**: Susan Farrell Egan
Susan Farrel Egan
the queen of broadway
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **party**: Republican
- **occupation**: Actress, singer, dancer, voice actress, comedian
- **years active**: 1982–present
- **children**: 2
Seal Beach, California

**Seal Beach** is a city in Orange County, California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,242. Seal Beach is located in the westernmost corner of Orange County. To the northwest, just across the border with Los Angeles County, lies the city of Long Beach.
Coral bleaching

**Coral bleaching** occurs when stony corals turn white.

Stony corals are simple animals that form large reefs. The animals live in an endosymbiotic relationship with single-celled algae. To get sunlight the corals live just below sea level. The algae make food products for the coral polyp by photosynthesis.

Coral polyps are sensitive to changes in their environment. This includes the temperature of the water they live in. Under stress, coral polyps may expel the algae which live inside their tissues. The algae provide up to 90% of the coral's energy.  Bleached corals continue to live but begin to starve after bleaching. Some corals recover.

Warmer sea water temperatures caused by global warming is the leading cause of coral bleaching.

The United Nations Environment Programme says that the longest recorded global bleaching events happened between 2014 and 2016.  Coral was killed on an unprecedented scale. In 2016, bleaching of coral on the Great Barrier Reef killed between 29 and 50 percent of the reef's coral.
In 2017, the bleaching got into the central region of the reef. The interval between bleaching events has halved between 1980 and 2016.

Recent research showed that the coral-algae relationship is much older than was thought. This suggests it has survived many climate changes.

Some corals change color instead of turning white when they are bleached.  The colors can be very bright.  In May 2020, scientists from the University of Southampton said that the colors act like sunscreen and protect the coral cells from light.  The scientists said this means some corals can lose their algae for a while and might have developed bright colors as a way to make it easier for the algae to come back and to stay alive until then.
Mike Chattey

**Michael Stanley Kemp Chattey OBE**, better known as _Mike Chattey_ (born 9 January 1952) has been the Head of Fundraising at the Conservative Party since 2001 and is the interim chief executive officer since 2019.

In June 2016, Chattey was awarded an OBE in David Cameron's resignation honours list  and gained an OBE for “political service” in his role of Head of Fundraising.

Mike Chattey has been married to Baroness Charlotte Vere since 2016.

## Responsibilities

Mike as Head of Fundraising has responsibility for the donation and fundraising efforts of the Conservative Party including managing the parties extensive donor clubs  as well as presiding over the annual Tory Party Fundraising Ball

Chattey conducts his role of Head of Fundraising from the partty’s central office, known as CCHQ  in the Treasurer's Department.

## Early life and Education

Chattey attended school at Milton Abbey School in Dorset between 1974 and 1979, before he temporarily moved to the North Carolina in order to attend University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1980. Chattey also attended the University of the West of England from 1980 to 1984 gaining a 2:1 in Business Studies.

## Career

Mike Chattey spent 2 years as regional salesman in the south west for Calor Gas. He then moved to London to start a 15-year career in Advertising predominately for Evans Hunt Scott and Leo Burnett Advertising working on South African Airways, COI, Kelloggs, Procter & Gamble, McDonalds, Kodak, Sun Alliance and Commodore Computers. He was hired by Lord Ashcroft in 2002 to join The Conservative Party's Treasurers' Department. He was promoted to Head of Fundraising in 2012.

## Controversy

- In October 2015, Chattey came under fire after a Buzzfeed investigation found that the Conservative Party’s fundraising department had accepted over £1.3million from Lycamobile, their biggest corporate donor at the time.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mike Chattey
- **image**: File:Mike chattey obe new.jpg
- **office**: Chief Executive of the Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party
- **status**: Acting
- **1blankname**: Chairman of the Conservative Party, Chairman
- **1namedata**: James Cleverly
Ben Elliot
Amanda Milling
Oliver Dowden
Sir Jake Berry
Nadhim Zahawi
- **term start**: 24 July 2019
- **predecessor**: Mick Davis, Sir Mick Davis
- **office1**: Conservative Party (UK), Head of Fundraising and Deputy
 Treasurer of the Conservative Party
- **term start1**: 21 December 2001
- **leader1**: Iain Duncan Smith
Michael Howard
David Cameron
Theresa May
Boris Johnson
Liz Truss
Rishi Sunak
- **1blankname1**: Treasurer of the Conservative Party, Treasurer
- **1namedata1**: Mick Davis, Sir Mick Davis
Ehud Sheleg
- **predecessor1**: Jane Keene
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **alma mater**: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Enrique Verástegui

**Enrique Fidel Verástegui Peláez ** (24 April 1950 – 27 July 2018), was a Peruvian poet, physicist, philosopher and mathematician. He was born in Lima. In 1975 he recorded his poems for the Library of Congress of the United States and worked for El Colegio de México. On 1976 he received the Guggenheim Fellowship.

In 1978, representing the Peruvian community, he reads his poems before the tomb of César Vallejo, which earned him the congratulations of Julio Ramón Ribeyro, consul of Peru to UNESCO.

Verástegui died in Lima on 27 July 2018 from a heart attack, aged 68.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Enrique Verástegui
- **image**: Enrique_Verástegui.jpg
- **caption**: Enrique Verástegui in 2011
- **birth date**: 24 April 1950
- **birth place**: Lima, Perú
- **death place**: Lima, Perú
- **alma mater**: National University of San Marcos
- **occupation**: Economist, poet, essayist, philosopher, storyteller, novelist, playwright, scriptwriter, musician, watercolorist, physicist, logician and mathematician
- **awards**: Guggenheim Fellowship
- **spouse**: Carmen Ollé
- **children**: Vanessa Verástegui Ollé
Prime Minister of Peru

The **President of the Council of Ministers of Peru**, informally called **"Premier"** (form of address) or **"Prime Minister"**, is in charge of the Council of Ministers, and is appointed by the President, but must be approved by the Congress as with all members of the Council.

The Prime Minister of Peru is, however, not the head of government, since in Peru the President is the one who serves as the head of government. Peru is one of the few countries in Latin America that has a Prime Minister.

The current prime minister is Denisse Miralles since 2026.

## Other websites

- Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros  (government website)
- World Statesmen – Peru

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Presidency of the Council of Ministers
- **insignia**:
- **insigniacaption**: Great Seal of the State
- **flag**: PCM-PCM.png
- **flagsize**: 250px
- **flagcaption**: Ministerial Logo
- **department**: Cabinet of Peru
- **image**: Denisse_Miralles_-_César_Manuel_Quispe_Luján_es_ratificado_como_ministro_de_la_Producción_(cropped).jpg
- **incumbent**: Denisse Miralles
- **incumbentsince**: 24 February 2026
- **style**: Excellency, His/Her Excellency
- **status**: Deputy head of government
- **appointer**: President of Peru
- **inaugural**: Juan Manuel del Mar
- **formation**: December 1856
- **salary**: Peruvian sol, S/. 30,000 (monthly)
Lubomír Metnar

**Lubomír Metnar** (born 6 October 1967 in Olomouc) is a Czech politician and former policeman. He is the Ministry of Defence in the second government of Andrej Babiš, since June 2018. From December 2017 to June 2018, he was Ministry of the Interior in the first cabinet of Andrej Babiš.
President of Peru

The **President of Peru** () officially called the **President of the Republic of Peru** () is the head of state and head of government of Peru and represents the republic in official international matters.

## Terms

Presidents are elected for five-year terms, with no opportunity for immediate reelection.  A former president can run again after being out of office for a full term. The change of government takes place on July 28, which is the date of independence from Spain and thus a national holiday.

## Removal

There are only five ways the office of President of Peru can be left empty:
1. Death of the President of the Republic.
1. His permanent moral or physical disability, declared by Congress.
1. Acceptance of his resignation by Congress.
1. Leaving the national territory without permission of the Congress or not returning to it within the established period.
1. Dismissal, after having been sanctioned for any of the infractions mentioned in Article 117 of the Constitution.

Four presidents of Peru have resigned: Guillermo Billinghurst (forced resignation), Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Alberto Fujimori, and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski.

Martín Vizcarra was impeached and removed from office on 10 November 2020. Pedro Castillo was impeached and removed from office after attempting to dissolve Congress as a self-coup d'état attempt on 7 December 2022.

## Living former presidents of Peru

As of 2026, there were nine living former presidents of Peru. In order of office they are:

The most recent president to die was Alberto Fujimori (1990–2000), who died on 11 September 2024.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: President
- **body**: the Republic of Peru
- **insignia**: Gran Sello de la República del Perú.svg
- **insigniasize**: 125px
- **insigniacaption**: Coat of arms of Peru#Variants, Great Seal of the State
- **flag**: Insignia of the President of Peru.svgborder
- **flagsize**: 125px
- **flagcaption**: Presidential standard
- **style**: His Excellency
- **termlength**: Five years

- **appointer**: Peruvian general election, 2016, Direct popular election
- **image**: César Manuel Quispe Luján es ratificado como ministro de la Producción 1 (Cropped).png
- **incumbent**: José María Balcázar
- **incumbentsince**: 18 February 2026
- **residence**: Government Palace (Peru), Government Palace
- **deputy**: Vice President of Peru
- **formation**: February 28, 1823
- **inaugural**: José de San Martín
 José de la Riva Agüero
- **website**: [http://www.presidencia.gob.pe/ www.presidencia.gob.pe]
Javier Valle Riestra

**Javier Maximiliano Alfredo Hipólito Valle Riestra González Olaechea**, (January 5, 1932 – July 6, 2024) was a Peruvian lawyer, jurist and politician. He was born in Lima. He is a known member of the Peruvian Aprista Party. He held several public offices, among them the most controversial being President of the Council of Ministers in the government of Alberto Fujimori (1998).

From 2006 to 2011, Valle Riestra was a member of the Congress representing Lima.

## Other websites

- Official Site
President of El Salvador

The **president of** **El Salvador** (Spanish: _presidente de_ _El Salvador_), officially the **president of the** **Republic of El Salvador** (Spanish: _presidente de_ _la República de El Salvador_), is the head of state and head of government of El Salvador. Under the Constitution of El Salvador, the president heads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander in chief of the Salvadoran Armed Forces. The office is currently held by Nayib Bukele, who was sworn in on 1 June 2019.

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: President
- **body**: the Republic of ElSalvador
- **native name**: _Presidente de la República de ElSalvador_
- **insignia**: Seal of the President of El Salvador.svg
- **insigniasize**: 150
- **insigniacaption**: Presidential Seal
- **image**: Presidente Nayib Bukele (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: A vertical upper-body portrait of Nayib Bukele smiling, facing the camera, and wearing a business suit and the presidential sash of El Salvador
- **incumbent**: Nayib Bukele
- **incumbentsince**: 1 June 2019
- **department**: Politics of El Salvador#Executive branch, Executive branch of the government of ElSalvador
- **style**: Señor Presidente

El Honorable

Su Excelencia

- **type**: Head of state
Head of government
Commander-in-chief
- **residence**: Casa Presidencial (El Salvador), Casa Presidencial
- **appointer**: Elections in El Salvador, Elected by the citizenry
- **termlength**: Five years
- **termlength qualified**: renewable
- **constituting instrument**: Constitution of El Salvador, Constitution of ElSalvador (1983)
- **first**: Juan José Guzmán
- **succession**: #Succession, Line of succession
- **deputy**: Vice President of El Salvador, Vice President of ElSalvador
- **salary**: per month (2017)
- **flag**: Flag of El Salvador.svg
- **flagsize**: 130
- **flagcaption**: Presidential Standard
Alfredo Cristiani

**Alfredo Félix Cristiani Burkard**, popularly known as **Alfredo Cristiani** (born November 22, 1947) is a Peruvian politician. He was the President of El Salvador from 1989 to 1994. Cristiani was born in San Salvador. He is a member of the ARENA. Cristiani is of Swiss decent.

## Other websites

- Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)
Antonio Saca

**Elías Antonio "Tony" Saca González** (born March 9, 1965) is a Salvadoran politician. He was the President of El Salvador from 2004 to 2009. Saca was a member of the ARENA until 2010 when he switched to the GANA from 2013. Saca was born in Usulután, El Salvador.

## Other websites

- The Presidential website
- Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)
- President Bush Meets with President Saca of El Salvador
Fakir Musafar

**Roland Loomis** (August 10, 1930 – August 1, 2018), known professionally as **Fakir Musafar**, was an American performance artist and early artist of the modern primitive movement. He worked with and taught body modification techniques such as body piercing, tightlacing, scarification, tattooing, and flesh hook suspension.

In May 2018, Musafar announced on his website that he was suffering from terminal lung cancer. He died from the disease on August 1, 2018 in Menlo Park, California, aged 87.

## Other websites

- National Geographic documentary Taboo
- Biography
- Body Modification E-zine interview
- Excerpt of interview - Discusses modern primitives, from RE/Search

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Fakir Musafar
- **image**: Fakir Musafar.JPG
- **birth name**: Roland Loomis
- **birth place**: Aberdeen, South Dakota
- **death place**: Menlo Park, California, U.S.
- **spouse**: Cléo Dubois
- **website**: [http://www.fakir.org www.Fakir.org]
Herbert King (actor)

**Herbert King** (1963 – 2 August 2018) was a Colombian actor. He was born in Santa Marta, Colombia.

His career started the 2000s with a role in the telenovela _Alejo, the search for love_, followed by _Pedro el escamoso_, _Pasión de Gavilanes_, _La saga, negocio de familia_, _La Tormenta_, _En los tacones de Eva_, _Nuevo rico, nuevo pobre_.

His last movie role was in the 2017 movie _Loving Pablo_ alongside Javier Bardem and Penelope Cruz.

King died on August 2, 2018 from a heart attack in the Clinic La Colina in Bogotá, aged 55.
Winston Ntshona

**Winston Ntshona** (6 October 1941 – 2 August 2018) was a South African playwright and actor. He won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play in 1975. He was born in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Ntshona wrote the 1973 play _The Island_. He also wrote _Sizwe Banzi is Dead_, which he also co-wrote. Ntshona starred in the play _Full Frontal_ at the Royal Court Theatre in London.

Ntshona died on 2 August 2018 from a long-illness in New Brighton, South Africa, aged 76.
Kenneth Copeland

**Kenneth Max Copeland** (born December 6, 1936) is an American author, musician, public speaker, and televangelist. His work deals with the Charismatic Movement. Copeland has been known for preaching a message called the prosperity gospel, but some people criticize it.

People also criticize Copeland for his anti-vaccination stance, which the say caused a large measles outbreak in his church and for using donations from his church for personal needs such as a $17.5 million private airplane.

With a net worth of USD $300 million, Copeland is the world's richest pastor.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kenneth Copeland
- **image**: File:Kenneth Copeland 2011.jpg
- **caption**: Kenneth Copeland in 2011
- **birth name**: Kenneth Max Copeland
- **birth place**: Lubbock, Texas, Lubbock, Texas, U.S.
- **occupation**: Author
Speaker, pastor
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **movement**: Word of Faith
- **spouse**:

- **children**: John Copeland
Kellie Swisher
Terri Pearsons
- **parents**: Aubrey Wayne Copeland, Venita PearlOwens
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
Alec Martinez

**Alec Martinez** (born July 26, 1987) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman. He currently plays for the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League. He previoulsy played for the Los Angeles Kings. He was selected by the Boston Bruins with the 95th overall pick in the 2008 NHL Entry Draft after playing for Miami University for 3 seasons. He has won the Stanley Cup with the Kings in 2012 and 2014.

In 2014, in double overtime in Game 5, he scored the Stanley Cup winning goal against the New York Rangers after he had previously scored the series winner in the Western Conference finals against the Chicago Blackhawks in Game 7.

|colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff"||rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="5"|Regular season|rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||colspan="5"|Playoffs||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2004–05|Cedar Rapids RoughRiders|USHL|58|10|11|21|30|11|1|2|3|8|
|2005–06|Miami RedHawks|CCHA|39|3|8|11|31|—|—|—|—|—|
|2006–07|Miami RedHawks|CCHA|42|9|15|24|40|—|—|—|—|—|
|2007–08|Miami RedHawks|CCHA|42|9|23|32|42|—|—|—|—|—|
|2008–09|Manchester Monarchs|AHL|72|8|15|23|42|—|—|—|—|—|
|2009–10|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|4|0|0|0|2|—|—|—|—|—|
|2009–10|Manchester Monarchs|AHL|55|7|23|30|26|16|0|3|3|10|
|2010–11|Manchester Monarchs|AHL|20|5|11|16|14|—|—|—|—|—|
|2010–11|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|60|5|11|16|18|6|0|1|1|2|
|2011–12|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|51|6|6|12|8|20|1|2|3|8|
|2012–13|TPS|SM-l|11|1|1|2|8|—|—|—|—|—|
|2012–13|Allen Americans|CHL|3|1|1|2|0|—|—|—|—|—|
|2012–13|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|27|1|4|5|10|7|0|2|2|8|
|2013–14|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|61|11|11|22|14|26|5|5|10|12|
|2014–15|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|56|6|16|22|10|—|—|—|—|—|
|2015–16|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|78|10|21|31|40|1|0|0|0|0|
|2016–17|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|82|9|30|39|24|—|—|—|—|—|
|2017–18|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|77|9|16|25|34|4|0|0|0|0|
|2018–19|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|60|4|14|18|8|—|—|—|—|—|
|2019–20|Los Angeles Kings|NHL|41|1|7|8|17|—|—|—|—|—|
|2019–20|Vegas Golden Knights|NHL|10|2|6|8|6|20|2|6|8|4|

## Awards and honors

|Award|Year|
| --- | --- |
|colspan="2"|College|
|All-CCHA First Team|2007–08|
|AHCA West Second-Team All-American|2007–08|
|CCHA All-Tournament Team|2008|
|colspan="3"|NHL|
|Stanley Cup (Los Angeles Kings)|2012, 2014|

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Alec Martinez - Los Angeles Kings.jpg
- **caption**: Martinez pictured in 2013.
- **image size**: 230px
- **team**: Vegas Golden Knights
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **former teams**: Los Angeles Kings
- **position**: Defenceman, Defense
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 1
- **weight lb**: 215
- **birth place**: Rochester Hills, Michigan, Rochester Hills, Michigan, U.S.
- **ntl team**: United States
- **draft**: 95th overall
- **draft year**: 2007
- **draft team**: Los Angeles Kings
- **career start**: 2008
Greene County, Virginia

**Greene County** is a county in Virginia in the eastern United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,552. The county seat is Stanardsville.

Greene County was founded in 1838 from Orange County. The county is named for American Revolutionary War hero Nathanael Greene.
Greene County, Mississippi

**Greene County** is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,530. The county seat is Leakesville. The county was founded in 1811 and is named after American Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Greene County
- **state**: Mississippi
- **ex image**: Leaksville Junior High School.jpg
- **ex image size**: 220px
- **ex image cap**: Leaksville Junior High School
- **founded**: 1811
- **seat wl**: Leakesville
- **largest city wl**: Leakesville
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 719
- **area land sq mi**: 713
- **area water sq mi**: 5.9
- **area percentage**: 0.8
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 13530
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.greenecountyms.gov
- **district**: 4th
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: Nathanael Greene
Etowah County, Alabama

**Etowah County** is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,436. The county seat is Gadsden. The name is from a Cherokee word meaning "edible tree". It is the smallest county in Alabama, but one of the most densely populated.
Fayette County, Alabama

**Fayette County** is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. In 2020, 16,321 people lived there. The county seat is Fayette.
Franklin County, Alabama

**Franklin County** is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,113. The county seat is Russellville. The name is in honor of Benjamin Franklin, famous statesman, scientist, and printer.

Franklin County was founded on February 6, 1818.
Geneva County, Alabama

**Geneva County** is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,659. The county seat is Geneva. The county was named after its county seat, which in turn was named after Geneva, New York which was named after Geneva, a Swiss city.
Hale County, Alabama

**Hale County** is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,785. The county seat is Greensboro. It is named in honor of Confederate officer Stephen Fowler Hale.
Henry County, Alabama

**Henry County** is a county on the southeastern border of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,146. The county seat is Abbeville. The county was named for Patrick Henry (1736–1799), famous orator and Governor of Virginia.

Henry County was founded on December 13, 1819.
Sir Dinadan

**Sir Dinadan** is a legendary character in the King Arthur stories. He is one of the Knights of the Round Table. His father is King Camdore. His brothers are Percival, Bor, and Aglovale. His cousin is Sir Pinel le Savage.

Dinadan was once stuffed in a dress by Lancelot, and paraded around the room. Everyone enjoyed this, including Dinadan

Dinadan was known for his fear, fiery temper and sense of humor, and fought off thirty knights on at least two occasions. Thomas Malory refers to him as Arthur's third best knight, only lower than Lancelot and Tristan.
LOL (Basshunter album)

***LOL <(^^,)>*** is the studio album by Swedish musician Basshunter. It was released on 28 August 2006.

### Weekly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2006-2008)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|24||||

### Year-end charts

|Chart (2006)|Position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Denmark (IFPI Denmark)|style="text-align:center;"|26|

### Certifications

|Region|Certification|Certified units/sales|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Denmark (IFPI Denmark)|2× Platinum|40,000|
|Finland (Musiikkituottajat)|Platinum|33,365|
|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"|<small>* sales based on certification alone ^ shipments based on certification alone <sup>x</sup> unspecified figures based on certification alone <sup>‡</sup> sales+streaming figures based on certification alone</small>||

## Other websites

- Basshunter's official website

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: LOL <(^^,)>
- **type**: Studio
- **artist**: Basshunter
- **released**: 28 August 2006
- **recorded**: 2006 at Basshunter Studio and PJ Harmony Studio
- **genre**: Eurodance
- **length**: 54:25
- **label**: *Warner Music Sweden
*Ultra Records
- **prev title**: Welcome to Rainbow
- **prev year**: 2006
- **next title**: The Old Shit (Basshunter album), The Old Shit
- **next year**: 2006
Lakshmi Puja

**Lakshmi Pooja** (), is a Hindu religious festival celebrated once in a year. It is celebrated on the Amavasya (new moon day) of Krishna Paksha (Dark fortnight). In the Vikram Samvat Hindu calendar it is celebrated in the month of Ashwin or Kartik. The puja is done on the third day of Tihar and is considered as the main event of Deepawali.

In Hinduism, Lakshmi is goddess of wealth and lord Vishnu's wife. It is believed that in this day she visits her followers and give them gifts and blessings. To welcome the Goddess, people clean their houses and make it bright with lights. They also prepare good food and sweets for offerings.
Now You're Gone – The Album

***Now You're Gone – The Album*** is the studio album by Swedish musician Basshunter. It was released on July 14, 2008.

### Weekly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2008-2009)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|6||||
|14||||
|45||||

### Year-end charts

|Chart (2008)|Position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|United Kingdom (Official Charts Company)|style="text-align:center;"|45|
|Chart (2009)|Position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)|style="text-align:center;"|14|

## Other websites

- Basshunter's official website

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Now You're Gone – The Album
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Basshunter
- **released**: 14 July 2008
- **recorded**: 2008
- **length**: 55:51
- **producer**: Basshunter
- **prev title**: The Old Shit (Basshunter album), The Old Shit
- **prev year**: 2006
- **next title**: Bass Generation
- **next year**: 2009
Bass Generation

***Bass Generation*** is the studio album by Swedish musician Basshunter. It was released on  September 25, 2009.

### Weekly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2008-2009)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|14||||
|15||||
|34||||
|41||||

### Certifications

|Region|Certification|Certified units/sales|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Gold|100,000||
|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"|<small>* sales based on certification alone ^ shipments based on certification alone <sup>x</sup> unspecified figures based on certification alone <sup>‡</sup> sales+streaming figures based on certification alone</small>||

## Other websites

- Basshunter's official website

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Bass Generation
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Basshunter
- **border**: yes
- **genre**: Dance music, Dance
- **prev title**: Now You're Gone – The Album
- **prev year**: 2008
- **next title**: Calling Time
- **next year**: 2013
Calling Time

***Calling Time*** is the studio album by Swedish musician Basshunter. It was released on May 13, 2013.

## Charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2013)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|25||||

## Other websites

- Basshunter's official website

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Calling Time
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Basshunter
- **border**: yes
- **genre**: Dance music, Dance
- **prev title**: Bass Generation
- **prev year**: 2009