juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Vicki Lansky

**Vicki Lee Lansky** (née **Rogosin**; January 6, 1942 – January 15, 2017) was an American author and publisher. She wrote parenting books and other advice books. She wrote over forty books, first with _Feed Me I’m Yours_. Other books she wrote include _Divorce Book for Parents_, _101 Ways To Tell Your Sweetheart "I Love You"_ and five "101 Ways" books. Her books sold over six million copies.

Lansky was born in Louisville, Kentucky and grew up in Westchester, New York. She had two children with her first husband, Bruce. They later divorced. In 2008, she married Stephen M. Schaefer.

Lansky died from cirrhosis on January 15, 2017 in Plymouth, Minnesota. She was 75.
Cuvier's dwarf caiman

The **Cuvier's dwarf caiman** (_Paleosuchus palpebrosus_), also called a **musky caiman** and **dwarf caiman**, is a genus of Caiman native to northern and central South America. They are the smallest living crocodilians in South America. They live in freshwater lakes. It was first described by the French zoologist, Georges Cuvier, in 1807. They grow up to  long for males and  long for females. Cuvier's dwarf caiman weigh between  and . They live up to 40 years. Cuvier's dwarf caiman was first described by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier in
1807. It is one of only two species in the genus Paleosuchus. The Cuvier's dwarf caiman has an average length of 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for males. The average length for females is 1.2 m (3.9 ft). An adult weighs around 6 to 7 kg (13 to 15 lb). It has strong body armor, which provides protection against predators. Young dwarf caimans mainly
feed on invertebrates. It also eats small fish and frogs. Adults eat larger fish,
amphibians, and invertebrates, such as large molluscs. It is listed Least concern.

## Other websites

- Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) feeding video; YouTube
Věra Čáslavská

**Věra Čáslavská** (3 May 1942 – 30 August 2016) was a Czechoslovakian artistic gymnast and Czech sportswoman. She was very attractive, cheerful and popular with the general public. Věra Čáslavská won 22 international titles between 1959 and 1968, including seven Olympic gold medals, four World titles and eleven European championship. Čáslavská and Soviet Larisa Latynina, they are only two female gymnasts, who win the all-around gold medal at two consecutive Olympics. In years 1964 - 1968 she wasn’t never lose out in big competition in multicontest.

## Life

She was born in Prague. She did ballet and figure skating when she was small. In 2015 she met Eva Bosáková and with her they started to do gymnastics.

Shortly after the 1968 Olympics, Čáslavská was married with runner Josef Odložil**.** He was a silver medalist at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. They had ceremony at the Mexico City Cathedral.

In 1969 was born her daughter Radka and in 1974 son Martin. The couple divorced in 1987.

She became a president Václav Havel’s counselor for social issues and sport in January 1990 and since 1991 she worked as his assistant.

In next ten years she was alone and she don’t associate with anyone.  Čáslavská lived in a nursing home. She was treated with depression in mental home in Bohnice and added addiction on pharmaceuticals. Fortunately in 2007 she came back with great enthusiasm and she began helping Czech athletes. But in summer 2015 she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, which next year has worsened. In her final days she was taken to a hospital in Prague on 30 August, where she died at the age of 74. Her funeral took place in the narrow family circle on 8 September in 2016 and her remains were cremated at the crematorium Šumperk.

## Filmography

Věra 68 - it’s a feature movie, overhead Olga Sommerová.

## Interest

After Věra Čáslavská is named asteroid (26986) Čáslavská (improvised name 1997 VC5).
Night of January 16th

Night of January 16th (sometimes s The Night of January 16th) is a theatre play by Russian born American author Ayn Rand, inspired by the death of the "Match King", Ivar Kreuger.
https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-show/6547
Brachistochrone curve

A **Brachistochrone curve** is the fastest path for a ball to roll between two points that are at different heights. A ball can roll along the curve faster than a straight line between the points. And the bottom one would be faster then the top.

The curve will always be the quickest route regardless of how strong gravity is or how heavy the object is. However, it might not be the quickest if there is friction.

The curve can be found using calculus of variations and optimal control.

## Other websites

- The straight line, the catenary, the brachistochrone, the circle, and Fermat Unified approach to some geodesics (from 2014)
Heliodor Píka

General **Heliodor Píka** (July 3, 1897 Štítina – June 21, 1949 Plzeň ) was a Czechoslovakian army officer. He is also well known as representative of Czechoslovakian anti-Nazi resistance and a victim of communism.

## Early life

Heliodor Píka was born on July 3,1897 in Štítina near Opava. His father was Ignác Píka, who was a wheelwright. In 1915 he graduated from the Gymnasium in Opava. Originally, he wanted to study Pharmacy. In 1916 he was sent to the Galician front. On July 28, 1916, he was captured by Russian units in Berestechko. Later he joined Czechoslovakian legion.

## Czechoslovak Army

In 1917 he was sent to the Western front in France. In Le Havre he went through intensive military training. He fought there until 1919.

In 1920 he graduated from École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. He became a teacher at the Military academy in Hranice. In the 1930s, Píka acted as a military attaché to Romania and Turkey.

In 1941 he cooperated with Czechoslovakian units in USSR. They were supported by Czechoslovakian government in exile. He also attended the ceremonial signing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the war, he was promoted to major general and served as Deputy Chief of Staff.

## Execution

At the time of the February coup, General Píka was ill. In March 1948, he had to stay at the military hospital in Prague. While he was recovering, General Reicin ordered him to be arrested and interrogated. He was falsely accused of spying and of High treason. In January 26 to 28, 1948 he was tried and sentenced to death. The execution took place in the prison in Plzeň on June 21, 1948.

## Rehabilitation

Thanks to Milan Píka, who was Píkas son, his case was reviewed. A military court proved that there is no single piece of evidence, which would convict him. On December 13, 1968 he was cleared of all charges and fully rehabilitated.
Dermot Gallagher (civil servant)

**Dermot Anthony Gallagher** (1944 – 15 January 2017) was an Irish civil servant. He served as the Secretary General of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He left office as Secretary-General on 24 January 2009 and was replaced by David Cooney, former Ambassador to the United Kingdom. He was known for serving as Ireland's ambassador to the United States and for helping establishing peace with Northern Ireland.

## Early life

Gallagher was born in Carrick-on-Shannon, Leitrim. He studied and taught at the University College Dublin. His diplomatic career began in 1969.

## Career

During his diplomat career, Gallagher worked in London, New York City at the United Nations Headquarters, in Brussels and in San Francisco, California. He was made "deputy chief of the cabinet" at the European Commission. In 1971, he married his wife, Maeve Farrell.

He was appointed Ambassador to the United States in 1991 where he developed a wide range of friendships and contacts. One of these was Bill Clinton, then governor of Arkansas. During his time as ambassador, he helped secure a U.S. visa for Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams. After his posting in Washington D.C., he returned home in 1997 with the title of Second Secretary General. Along with Bertie Ahern, Gallagher wanted to establish peace with Northern Ireland.

### Later career

In February 2009 he was nominated to be Chairman of the Garda Síochána Ombudsman Commission and was appointed Chairman of University College Dublin Governing Authority.

## Death

Gallagher died on 15 January 2017 in Dublin, aged 72. On his death, President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, said: "Mr Gallagher dedicated a lifetime to public service, serving with distinction as ambassador to the United States and making a significant contribution to the peace process in Northern Ireland.
Han Peixin

**Han Peixin** () (October 1921 – January 15, 2017) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Xiangshui County, Jiangsu.

## Career

He was Communist Party of China Committee Secretary and governor of his home province of Jiangsu. He first served as governor for a year from 1982 through 1983 and later secretary from 1983 through 1989. He was a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress (1978–1983), 6th National People's Congress (1983–1988) and 7th National People's Congress (1988–1993).

## Death

Peixin died in Jiangsu, China on January 15, 2017 from cardiac arrest at the age of 95.
Jiří Navrátil

**Jiří Navrátil** (10 September 1923 – 16 January 2017) was a Czech scout leader and anti-communist activist. He served as the President of Junák, the Czech Scout and Guide association.

## Early life

Navrátil was born in Germany. In 1937. he became a Scout in Prague.

## Prison years

He was arrested and held several months by the Gestapo during World War II. In 1949, he tried to oppose the Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia with other Scouts. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison, and was released in 1960.

## Career

During the Prague Spring in 1968, Navrátil was one of the refounders of Junák, the Czech Scout movement. The movement was suppressed again in 1970. Following the Velvet Revolution in 1989, he became one of the main Leaders of the third restoration of Junák.

He was one of the important people of the 1999 10th European Conference of Guiding and Scouting in Prague, in which President Václav Havel gave the opening speech.

## Awards

In 2002, Navrátil was awarded the 292nd _Bronze Wolf_, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

## Death

Navrátil died on 16 January 2017 in Prague at the age of 93.
Eugene Cernan

**Eugene Andrew** "**Gene**" **Cernan** (; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017), (CAPT, USN, Ret.) was an American naval officer and Naval Aviator, electrical engineer, aerospace engineer, fighter pilot, and NASA astronaut.

Cernan was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Bellwood, Illinois and in Maywood, Illinois. He studied at Purdue University and at the Naval Postgraduate School.

He traveled into space three times: as Pilot of Gemini 9A in June 1966, as Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as Commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing.

On Apollo 17, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon and the most recent man to walk on the Moon since he was the last to re-enter the Lunar Module _Challenger_ after the mission's third and final mission. Cernan was also a backup crew member for the Gemini 12, Apollo 7 and Apollo 14 space missions.

Cernan died on January 16, 2017 at a hospital in Houston, Texas, aged 82.

## Other websites

- Last Man on the Moon
- Gene Cernan flies the Windows-based "Eagle Lander 3D" Simulator
- Eugene Cernan at the Internet Movie Database
- Spacefacts biography of Eugene Cernan
- Cernan at Encyclopedia of Science
- Cernan at Spaceacts
- Cernan at International Space Hall of Fame
Jan Jánský

**Jan** **Jánský** (30 March 1873 in Prague,Czech Republic - 8 September 1921 in Černošice) was a neurologist and psychiatrist. He was the first to divide human blood into the four types (A, B, AB, 0) of the AB0 blood group system. His discovery saved millions of lives.

## His life

He studied medicine at Charles University in Prague. From 1899 he worked in a psychiatric clinic. He became a professor at Charles University and a doctor of medicine.

### World war I

He served as a doctor for 2 years on the front lines. After suffering a heart attack in 1916, he was dismissed from the army. After that he was in charge of the department of Neurology and Forensic Psychiatry at the Central Military Hospital in Prague.

He suffered from angina pectoris. Jánský died of Coronary artery disease.

## Points of Interest

Jánský was a promoter of blood donations. Donators of Czech Republic or Slovakia receive a medal. In 1953 he was the subject of a movie directed by Martin Frič.
Emil Zátopek

**Emil Zátopek** (19 September 1922 - 22 November 2000) was a Czechoslovak runner from town Kopřivnice. He is mostly known for winning 3 gold medals at the 1952 Summer Olympic games in Helsinki. He won in 5,000 metres, 10,000 metres runs and in marathon. He never ran a marathon before. But he decided at the last minute to start with others. He set former record with time 2:23:03,2.

## Personal life

Zátopek was born in Kopřivnice. He finished Industrial high school in Zlin. He studied at the Military Academy in Prague. His wife was Dana, also an olympic athlete. They were married in 1948. In Helsinki she competed in jevelin. She won a gold medal at the same day as Zátopek. His olympic rivals (friends) called him "Czech Locomotive". In 1997 he was called the best Czech athlete of 20th century. Then in 1999, he was declared the best Olympian in Czech history. Altogether he won six Olympic medals, five European Championship and he broke the records for 18 times. His life credo was: "_Are you running out of breath? Go faster!_"

## Career

His Career began at an elementary school in Zlin. There he ran at school events with good results. He accepted an invitation to train with Zlin´s athletes. He mostly trained by himself with his own running system. He ran  sections with multiple repetitions. In 1943 he tried his first 5,000 metres run and the year after that he set his first record at 2,000 metres track. His most successful event were Summer Olympic games in 1952 where he won 3 gold medals. After that he went through an operation for a hernia. Zátopek´s athlete career ended in 1958 then he worked as a minister (Christianity).
John W. Young

Captain **John Watts Young** (September 24, 1930 – January 5, 2018) was an American astronaut, naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and aeronautical engineer. He became the ninth person to walk on the Moon as Commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. Young was on the first orbital Space Shuttle mission, STS-1, in April 1981. He was the only person to have piloted, and been commander of, four different classes of spacecraft: Gemini, the Apollo Command/Service Module, the Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle.

Young was born in San Francisco, California. He studied at the Georgia Institute of Technology where he was a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity. In 1956, Young married Barbara White. They divorced in 1972. They had two children. Young died of complications from pneumonia in Houston, Texas on January 5, 2018 at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- Young's official NASA biography

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Young
- **image**: John Watts Young.jpg
- **caption**: John Young in 2002
- **nationality**: American
- **order**: US Navy
- **office**: test pilot
- **term start**: 1959
- **term end**: 1962
- **order2**: NASA
- **office2**: astronaut
- **term start2**: 1962
- **term end2**: 2004
- **birth name**: John Watts Young
- **birth place**: San Francisco, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **occupation**: United States Naval Aviator, Naval Aviator, test pilot
- **alma mater**: Georgia Institute of Technology, B.S. 1952
Len Deighton

**Leonard Cyril Deighton** (; born 18 February 1929), known as **Len Deighton**, is a British author. He is thought to be one of the top three spy novelists of his time (along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré).

He is a well known military historian, cookery writer, and graphic artist. His first book, _The IPCRESS File_, was an instant bestseller. The Sunday Times called him "the poet of the spy story".

Deighton was born in the London inner-city of Marylebone. He studied at St Marylebone Grammar School, at Saint Martin's School of Art and at the Royal College of Art. He is married to Ysabele Deighton.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Len Deighton
- **birth name**: Leonard Cyril Deighton
- **birth place**: Marylebone, London, England
- **nationality**: British
- **occupation**: Writer, illustrator
- **genre**: Spy fiction, military fiction, alternate history, non-fiction
- **language**: English
- **alma mater**: Royal College of Art
- **notableworks**: _The IPCRESS File_
The Bernard Samson novels
_SS-GB_
_Goodbye, Mickey Mouse_
_Oh! What a Lovely War_
_Bomber (novel), Bomber_
- **spouse**: Ysabele Deighton
- **children**: Alexander, Antoni
Sergei Makarov

**Sergei Mikhailovich Makarov** (; born 19 June 1958 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian former ice hockey right wing. He was a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He was voted one of six players to the International Ice Hockey Federation's (IIHF) Centennial All-Star Team. This was in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.
Aswat

**Aswat** (Arabic: أصوات) is a Palestinian group for lesbian rights. Rauda Morcos is the co-founder. Aswat means "voices" in the Arabic language. The formation of the group started in 2000.

## History

Aswat started around the year 2000 as an online forum for discussion on the internet.

ASWAT أصوات was the first group for LBTIQ Palestinians and started to meet there in 2001. After the Oslo Accords in 1993, many Palestinian groups were part of Israeli groups. But later, in the 2000s, many groups decided to be independent. In 2002, "Aswat: Palestinian Gay Women" started as an independent project with Kayan, a Palestinian feminist group in Haifa.

In March 2007, the group had its first conference in Haifa. The meeting had 350 people. The Islamic Movement protested outside the meeting with 30 people.

The group publishes Arabic literature about homosexuality. They published five newsletters in Arabic about gays and lesbians, and they published an Arabic glossary of terms of sexual orientation. They also published a book called "Home and Exile in Queer Experience".

## Books

- Home and Exile in Queer Experience (in Arabic), ( الداخل والمنفى في تجربة اللوطي ) 2006.
- My right to live as I choose, ("حقي أن أعيش،أن اختار أن أكون") 2007.
- Pause Girls, ( "وقفة بنات" ) 2009.
- Activist voices, ( "أصوات ناشطة" ) 2012.
- About Homosexuality, ( "عن المثليّة" ) 2013.

## Other websites

- Aswat
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswat
Kaliningrad Time

**Kaliningrad Time (UZ1)** is a time zone in western Russia that applies to the city of Kaliningrad. It is 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+02:00) since October 2014. Originally, under president Dmitry Medvedev's law in 2011, Kaliningrad Time was UTC+03:00 hours, the same time as the Further-eastern European Time and Eastern European Summer Time in the summer. Russia does not currently observe daylight saving time (DST).
Hans Berliner

**Hans Jack Berliner** (January 27, 1929 – January 13, 2017) was a German-born American computer scientist and chess player. He was born in Berlin and of Jewish descent.

He was Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, was a former World Correspondence Chess Champion, from 1965–68. He was a Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess and an International Master for over-the-board chess. He directed the construction of the chess computer HiTech, and was also a published chess writer.

Berliner died on January 13, 2017 in Riviera Beach, Florida at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- Oral History of Hans Berliner
David Poythress

**David B. Poythress** (October 24, 1943 – January 15, 2017) was an American politician and military commander. He was born in Bibb County, Georgia.

He has served terms as Secretary of State and Commissioner of Labor of the state of Georgia. Poythress also served as the Adjutant General of the Georgia National Guard from 1999 until 2007, initially appointed by Governor Roy Barnes and reappointed by Governor Sonny Perdue. He retired as a Lieutenant General.

Pothyress died on January 15, 2017 in Cartersville, Georgia at the age of 73.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: David B. Poythress
- **image**: David Poythress 1.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **office**: Georgia Commissioner of Labor
- **term start**: 1993
- **term end**: 1999
- **predecessor**: Al Scott
- **successor**: Michael Thurmond
- **order1**: 22nd
- **office1**: Secretary of State of Georgia
- **governor1**: George Busbee
- **term start1**: January 1979
- **term end1**: January 1983
- **predecessor1**: Ben Fortson, Jr.
- **successor1**: Max Cleland
- **birth place**: Bibb County, Georgia, Bibb County, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, U.S.
- **death place**: Cartersville, Georgia, Cartersville, Georgia, U.S.
- **spouse**: Elizabeth Poythress
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **alma mater**: Emory University
- **profession**: Politician
- **branch**: United States Air Force
- **rank**: Lieutenant general (United States), Lieutenant General
M. M. Ruhul Amin

**M. M. Ruhul Amin** (23 December 1942 – 17 January 2017) was a Bangladeshi politician and judge. He served as the Chief Justice of Bangladesh from 1 June 2008 to 22 December 2009. He studied at the University of Dhaka. He was born in Lakshmipur District.

Amin died after an illness on 17 January 2017 in Bukit Merah, Singapore. He was 74.
Great Comet of 1811

The **Great Comet of 1811** (**C/1811 F1**) was a comet visible to the naked eye for about 260 days. This was a record until the appearance of Comet Hale–Bopp in 1997. In October 1811, at its brightest, it displayed an apparent magnitude of 0, with an easily visible tail.
Dion, Pieria

**Dion** was an Ancient Greek city in Pieria, Greece. It is now a village.
Chrysaor

**Chrysaor** was the brother of the winged-horse Pegasus.

## Infobox (deity)

- **type**: Greek
- **name**: Chrysaor
- **image**: Close up of Khrysaor at the pediment of Artemis temple in Corfu.jpg
- **caption**: Chrysaor, son of the Gorgon at the pediment of the Temple of Artemis, Corfu, Temple of Artemis in Corfu
- **consort**: Callirrhoe (Oceanid), Callirrhoe
- **parents**: Poseidon and Medusa
- **siblings**: Pegasus
- **children**: Geryon and Echidna (mythology), Echidna
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams

**Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams** (shortened to _CD&V_) is a Flemish political party in Belgium. It belongs to the political ideology of the Christian democrats.
Colo (gorilla)

**Colo** (December 22, 1956 – January 17, 2017) was an American Western gorilla. She was known as the first gorilla to be born in captivity anywhere in the world and as the oldest known gorilla in the world. Colo was born at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium near Powell, Ohio. Colo's name came from the place of her birth, **Col**umbus, **O**hio. Tomatoes were her favorite food.

Colo died in her sleep on January 17, 2017 at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, aged 60.

## Other websites

- Colo's family tree on Flickr
American Pharoah

**American Pharoah** (born 2011; foaled February 2, 2012) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He won the American Triple Crown and the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2015. In winning all four races, he became the first horse to win the "Grand Slam" of American horse racing. He won the 2015 Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year and 2015 Champion three-year-old.

He was bred and owned throughout his racing career by Ahmed Zayat of Zayat Stables, trained by Bob Baffert, and ridden in most of his races by Victor Espinoza. He now stands  at stud at Ashford Stud in Kentucky.

His sire was Pioneerof the Nile and his dam was Littleprincessemma.
Rockabye

**"Rockabye"** is a house and pop song from the electronic dance group Clean Bandit. The song also has Jamaican singer Sean Paul and British singer Anne-Marie. The song is about how hard it is to be a single mother. The song refers to the nursery rhyme "Rock-a-bye Baby."

On 28 October 2016, the song entered the UK Singles Chart at #7. The following week, it went to #3. In its third week, it reached #1. In the United Kingdom, the song became their second #1, after "Rather Be" in 2014.  The song also topped charts in Australia, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Denmark, Austria, Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Finland, and New Zealand.

In the United States, "Rockabye" began at #100 on _Billboard_ Hot 100 during the week of 24 December. It was Clean Bandit's first entry on the chart since "Rather Be" with Jess Glynne. The song reached number nine on the US Hot 100, becoming their second US top-ten hit after "Rather Be".

## Infobox (single)

- **name**: Rockabye
- **artist**: Clean Bandit featuring Sean Paul & Anne-Marie
- **released**: 21 October 2016
- **genre**: Tropical House music, house
- **label**: Warner Music, Warner
- **length**: 4:11
- **chronology**: Clean Bandit singles
- **type**: singles
- **prev title**: Tears
- **prev year**: 2016
- **title**: Rockabye
- **year**: 2016
- **next title**: I Miss You
- **next year**: 2017
Scottish Government

The **Scottish Government** is the national, devolved government of Scotland.  It has power over many aspects of government in Scotland, from providing health care, to justice, through to education.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **nativename**:

- **image**:
- **polity**: Scotland
- **address**: St Andrew's House
Edinburgh
- **leader title**: First Minister of Scotland, First Minister
- **appointed**: First Minister of Scotland, First Minister appointed by Monarch after parliamentary approval, further ministerial appointments by First Minister
- **main organ**: #Cabinet, Scottish Cabinet
- **chief1 name**: Leslie Evans
- **chief1 position**: Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government
- **budget**: £37.2 billion (2016-17)
- **responsible**: Scottish Parliament
- **url**: http://www.gov.scot
Donald Trump Jr.

**Donald John Trump Jr.** (born December 31, 1977), or known as **Don Jr.**, is an American businessman and television personality. He is the eldest child of President Donald Trump and his first wife Ivana Trump.

Trump serves as a trustee and executive vice president of the Trump Organization, running the company alongside his younger brother Eric. During their father's first presidency, the brothers continued to engage in deals and investments in foreign countries and collect payments at their U.S. properties from foreign governments.

He also served as a boardroom judge on the reality TV show featuring his father, _The Apprentice_. He authored the books _Triggered_ in 2019 and _Liberal Privilege_ in 2020.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Donald Trump Jr.
- **image**: Donald Trump, Jr. (53808883476) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Trump in 2024
- **nickname**: Don Junior
- **birth name**: Donald John Trump Jr.
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **education**: University of Pennsylvania (Bachelor of Science, BS)
- **known for**: Executive in the The Trump Organization, Trump Organization
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **partner**: Kimberly Guilfoyle (2018–2024)
- **children**: 5, including Kai Trump, Kai
- **family**: Family of Donald Trump, Trump family
Eric Trump

**Eric Frederick Trump** (born January 6, 1984) is an American businessman, philanthropist, activist, television personality. He is the third child and second son of President Donald Trump and his first wife Ivana Trump.

Trump is a trustee and executive vice president of his father's business, the Trump Organization, running it alongside his older brother Donald Jr. Trump and his brother took over the company during their father's presidency.

In 2006, he founded the Eric Trump Foundation, which raises money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Consensus 2025 - Eric Trump 10.jpg
- **caption**: Trump in 2025
- **birth name**: Eric Frederick Trump
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **education**: Georgetown University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
- **years active**: 2004–present
- **known for**: Executive at the The Trump Organization, Trump Organization
Former boardroom judge on _The Apprentice (American TV series), The Apprentice_
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican (2016–present)
 Independent politician, Independent (2002–2016)
- **children**: 2
- **family**: Family of Donald Trump, Trump family
Fred Trump

**Frederick Christ "Fred" Trump Sr.** (October 11, 1905 – June 25, 1999) was an American real estate developer and philanthropist. He had a daughter, Maryanne, who became an attorney and was appointed as a judge to the United States Court of Appeals. He also had a son Donald, who became the 45th and 47th President of the United States of America.

Trump's development company built and managed single-family houses in Queens, barracks and garden apartments for U.S. Navy personnel near major shipyards along the East Coast, and more than 27,000 apartments in New York City.

Trump was born in The Bronx, New York. He married Mary Anne MacLeod in 1936. Their marriage would last until Trump's death in 1999. Trump died in New Hyde Park, New York from pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease, aged 93.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Fred Trump
- **image**: File:Fred Trump in the 1980s (cropped2).jpg
- **birth name**: Frederick Christ Trump
- **birth place**: New York City, United States
- **death place**: New Hyde Park, New York, U.S.
- **resting place**: Lutheran All Faiths Cemetery, New York City
- **education**: Pratt Institute
Richmond Hill High School (Queens), Richmond Hill High School
- **occupation**: Head of The Trump Organization, Fred Trump Organization
- **parents**: Frederick Trump
Elizabeth Christ Trump
Maryanne Trump Barry

**Maryanne Trump Barry** (formerly **Desmond**; April 5, 1937 – November 13, 2023) was an American attorney and a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit after being appointed by President Bill Clinton. She served as judge from 1999 until her retirement in 2011.

Barry was born in New York City. She studied at Mount Holyoke College and at Columbia University. She later went to Hofstra University to earn her J.D.. From 1960 until their divorce in 1980, she was married to David Desmond. In 1982, she married John Barry. John died in 2000. Barry had one son, David.

Barry died of cardiac arrest on November 13, 2023 while under hospice care for cancer at her apartment in New York City at the age of 86.
William A. Hilliard

**William A. Hilliard** (May 28, 1927 – January 16, 2017) was an American journalist. He was editor of _The Oregonian_, the major daily newspaper in Portland, Oregon, from 1987 to 1994 and was that newspaper's first African-American editor.  He was also president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors in 1993–94.

## Early life

Hilliard was born in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Benson Polytechnic High School, at Portland State University, at University of Oregon and at Pacific University.

## Career

Hilliard worked at _The Oregonian_ from 1952 to 1994, starting as a copy boy, and then rising to clerk, sports reporter, religion and general assignment reporter, and in 1965 assistant city editor.  In 1971, he became city editor, and in 1982 was named executive editor.

Hilliard served as president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors (ASNE) in 1993–94.  He remained editor of _The Oregonian_ until retiring in 1994, although during the last year of his tenure with the paper he gave his designated successor, executive editor Sandra M. Rowe, effective control of the editor's duties and focused his attention on ASNE duties.

In 1998, Hilliard was given the Oregon Newspaper Hall of Fame Award by the Oregon Newspaper Publishers Association.

## Death

Hilliard died on January 16, 2017 in Portland, Oregon at the age of 89.

## Other websites

- Hilliard biography at Blackpast
- Hilliard in _Jet_, June 18, 1953
- Hilliard in _Jet_, April 19, 1993

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: William A. Hilliard
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Portland, Oregon, Portland, Oregon, U.S.
- **occupation**: Editor, writer, journalist
- **alma mater**: Benson Polytechnic High School
Portland State University
University of Oregon
Pacific University
Oscar López Rivera

**Oscar López Rivera** (born January 6, 1943) is a Puerto Rican nationalist. He was one of the leaders of the FALN.

## Imprisonment

In 1981, López Rivera was convicted and sentenced to 55 years in federal prison for conspiracy, use of force to commit robbery, interstate transportation of firearms, and conspiracy to transport explosives with intent to destroy government property.

In 1988, he was sentenced to an additional 15 years in prison for conspiring to escape from the Leavenworth federal prison.

López Rivera was among the 14 convicted FALN members offered conditional clemency by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1999, but rejected the offer.

The imprisonment of López Rivera was opposed or supported by individuals and groups representing political, religious, and other constituencies. Some called him a terrorist, but others said he was a political prisoner. Several U.S. Congressmen supported Oscar López Rivera's release from prison such as Senators Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren.

### Commutation

On January 17, 2017, President Barack Obama lowered López Rivera's sentence and was released from prison on May 17, 2017. At the time, he was the longest-incarcerated member of the FALN.

## Other websites

- _Book Review: Puerto Rican Independentista Oscar López Rivera’s 32 Years of Resistance to Torture. Written by Hans Bennett._
- - Contains the partial, list of prominent figures who were "jailed" for López Rivera.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Oscar López Rivera
- **native name**: Oscar López Rivera
- **native name lang**: Spanish
- **image**: File:Oscar López Rivera.png
- **birth place**: San Sebastián, Puerto Rico
- **criminal charge**: Seditious conspiracy, use of force to commit robbery, interstate transportation of firearms and ammunition to aid in the commission of a felony
- **criminal penalty**: Prison for 55 years; extended 15 years for later conspiracy to escape
- **criminal status**: Sentence commuted by President Obama, sentence ended in May 2017
- **awards**: Bronze Star Medal
Christopher C. Kraft Jr.

**Christopher Columbus "Chris" Kraft Jr.** (February 28, 1924 – July 22, 2019) was an American NASA engineer and manager. He was important in the creation of the agency's Mission Control operation.

## Early life

Kraft Jr. was born in Phoebus, Virginia. He studied at the Virginia Tech and graduated in 1944.

## Career

Kraft was hired by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the organization before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). He worked for over ten years in aeronautical research before being asked in 1958 to join the Space Task Group, a small team entrusted with the responsibility of putting America's first man in space. He was given the job to the flight operations division, Kraft became NASA's first flight director.

He was on duty during such historic missions as America's first manned spaceflight, first manned orbital flight, and first spacewalk.

He retired in April 1982.

In 2011, the Mission Control Center building was named after him.

## Personal life

In 1950, Kraft married Betty Anne Turnbull. They had two children. He was an Episcopalian. Kraft died on July 22, 2019 in Houston, Texas, aged 95, two days after the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moonwalks.

## Other websites

- Chris Kraft at the National Aviation Hall of Fame*http://www.nationalaviation.org/national-aviation-hall-of-fame-reveals-names-of-four-to-be-inducted-in-class-of-2016/
- National Aviation Hall of Fame

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Christopher C. Kraft Jr.
- **birth name**: Christopher Columbus Kraft Jr.
- **image**: Chris Kraft.jpg
- **caption**: Chris Kraft as director of Johnson Space Center in 1979
- **birth place**: Phoebus, Virginia, Phoebus, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Tech, B.S. 1944
- **occupation**: NASA Flight Director, flight director
Director of Johnson Space Center
- **awards**: ASME Medal
Roger W. Jones Award for Executive Leadership <small>(1979)</small>
- **spouse**: Betty Anne Kraft (m. 1950)
- **children**: 2
Peter Jones (Australian politician)

**Peter Vernon Jones**  (28 January 1933 – 16 January 2017) was an Australian politician. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1974 to 1986 from the seat of Narrogin. He was the Deputy Leader of the National Country Party in Western Australia. He was later a member of the Liberal Party.

Jones was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He married Margaret Antonia Maslin in 1960. They had three children.

Jones died on 16 January 2017 in Perth, Western Australia. He was 83.
Ronald Buxton

**Ronald Carlile Buxton** (20 August 1923 – 10 January 2017) was a British politician and civil engineer. He was a member of the Conservative Party. He served as a Member of Parliament for Leyton from 1965 to 1966.

Buxton was born in Norfolk. He married Phyllida in 1959. They had four children.

Buxton died on 10 January 2017 at the age of 93.
Nigel Spearing

**Nigel John Spearing** (8 October 1930 – 8 January 2017) was a British politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He served as a Member of Parliament for South Newham from 1974 to 1997. Before this, he served as a Member of Parliament for Acton from 1970 to 1974. He was born in Hammersmith, London.

Spearing died from Alzheimer's disease on 8 January 2017. He was 86.
Les Lazarowitz

**Leslie** "**Les**" **Lazarowitz** (October 2, 1941 – January 6, 2017) was an American sound engineer. He was active between 1971 and 1999. He was nominated for two Academy Awards in the Best Sound category. He was best known for movies including _Taxi Driver_ (1976), _Raging Bull_ (1980), _Tootsie_ (1982), _Carlito's Way_ (1993) and _Groundhog Day_ (1993).

Lazarowitz died from cancer on January 6, 2017 in Florida. He was 75.
Claude Lebey

**Claude Lebey** (born **Claude Jolly**; 20 November 1923 – 10 January 2017) was a French food critic and writer. He was known for writing the food book _Guide Lebey_. He also wrote for the news magazines _Paris Match_ and _L'Express_. He co-presented a show on TF1 between 1974 and 1981.

Lebey died on 10 January 2017 in Provence at the age of 93.
Steve Wright (bassist)

**Steve Wright** ( – January 16, 2017) was an American bass guitarist. He played with The Greg Kihn Band. He was from El Cerrito, California.

Wright died from a heart attack on January 16, 2017 in Sacramento, California.
Sergei Aman

**Sergei Amanovich Khummedov** (, born 12 February 1957), better known by the pen name **Sergei Aman** (), is a Russian writer and journalist.

Sergei Aman was born in former Soviet Union in Turkmenia. He graduated the Moscow State University in 1985.

In 1995 Sergei Aman became a journalist of the daily "Moskovskij Komsomolets". Also he worked in "Vechernyaya Moskva", "Stupeni", "The New Medical Gazette", magazine "Auto M".

The most famous book of Sergei Aman  is "Journalists" (novel). He published this novel in 2013. Also he wrote the love story _Nights after_ in the book “On the Edge of Magellanic Clouds”.
In 2018 Sergei Aman  published the novel "Everything Will Be Okay, We're All Going to Die!"

Sergei Aman lives in Moscow. His hobby is sport fishing from a boat.

## Other websites

- Official website of Sergei Aman 
- Sergei Aman in Facebook

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Sergei Aman
- **image**: Сергей Хуммедов (Сергей Аман).jpg
- **birth name**: Sergei Amanovich Khummedov
- **birth place**: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
- **occupation**: writer, novelist, journalist
- **language**: Russian language, Russian
- **nationality**: Russians, Russian
- **period**: 1997 – present
- **notableworks**: Journalists (novel);
 Everything Will Be Okay, We're All Going to Die!
- **children**: 1
Brenda C. Barnes

**Brenda C. Barnes** ( – January 17, 2017) was an American businesswoman. She served as the chief executive officer of Sara Lee from 2005 to 2010. She was also the first female CEO of PepsiCo from 1996 to 1997.

Barnes died from a stroke on January 17, 2017 in Naperville of Chicago, Illinois. She was 63. Her three children outlived her.
Yaron Ben-Dov

**Yaron Ben-Dov** (11 January 1970 – 6 January 2017) was an Israeli footballer. He played for Ironi Rishon LeZion, Maccabi Netanya and Hapoel Tel Aviv. He was born in Netanya.

Ben-Dov died after an illness on 6 January 2017 at the age of 46.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yaron Ben-Dov
- **fullname**: Yaron Ben-Dov
- **birth place**: Israel
- **youthyears1**: 1981–1989
- **youthclubs1**: Maccabi Netanya
- **years1**: 1989–1993
- **years2**: 1993–1994
- **years3**: 1994–1997
- **clubs1**: Maccabi Netanya
- **clubs2**: Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C., Hapoel Tel Aviv
- **clubs3**: Hapoel Ironi Rishon LeZion F.C., Ironi Rishon LeZion
- **caps1**: 48
- **caps2**: 31
- **caps3**: 71
- **goals1**: 2
- **goals2**: 0
- **goals3**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 150
- **totalgoals**: 2
- **nationalyears1**: 1992
- **nationalteam1**: Israel national football team, Israel
- **nationalcaps1**: 1
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Srirangam

**Srirangam** is an island in the Kaveri River. It is a part of the city of Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu, India. It is a famous place because it is one of the 108 Divya Desams, or holy places, according to Hinduism.

Srirangam is border by the Kaveri River and its tributary Kollidam River. Srirangam can be considered the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, as it covers an area of about 631000 m2 with a perimeter of 4km (10,710 ft).

There are many other famous temples near Srirangam. They include Rockfort Temple, Samayapuram Mariamman Temple, and Vayalur Murugan Temple.
Ion Besoiu

**Ion Besoiu** (11 March 1931 – 18 January 2017) was a Romanian actor. He played the lead role in the television series _Toate pînzele sus_. He appeared in movies when Romania was under a Communist one-party state rule. Those movies include _Thirst_ (1961), _Michael the Brave_ (1970), _The Actor and the Savages_ (1975), _Mihail, câine de circ_ (1979), _The Last Assault_ (1985). His later roles included _Loverboy_ (2011) and _Bucharest Non Stop_ (2015). He was born in Sibiu.

Besoiu died on 18 January 2017 in Bucharest at the age of 85.
Gustav Frištenský

**Gustav Frištenský** (18 May 1879 – 6 April 1957) was a Czech strongman and Greco-Roman wrestler. He competed in the first half of the 20th century. During his career, he competed in almost 10,000 fights. His first fight was when he was just 19 years old and the last one was when he was 72. Frištenský was a legend among Czech strongmen.

## Life

Gustav Frištenský was born in Kamhajek (now part of the village of Křečhoř). He had 3 brothers and 2 sisters. When he was child, he was small so nobody thought he could become famous sportsman. As teenager he started to lift weights and wrestle. He was learning to be a blacksmith but after suffering serious burns on his hand by a horseshoe, he left his craft. Frištenský went to Brno and he became a butcher in the butchery of Moritz Soffer. He trained in the gymnasium of the Hellas sports club. Soon, he left his job in butchery and started to focus on wrestling. In 1900, Frištenský participated in an international competition in Prague. There he won in weightlifting, wrestling and the discus throw. In 1901 he became the Moravia champion in wrestling and discus throw. In 1902, he became the Austria-Hungary champion. The following year he was the European champion.

## Professional career

But Frištenský was still an amateur. After these achievements, he became a professional. He worked for the Kludský circus. Frištenský traveled around the world including the United States. Finally, he returned to his homeland. Frištenský married Miroslava Ellederová in Litovel. In 1917, he stayed in Litovel permanently. He and his wife built a house next to the Morava River. Frištenský traveled to the US again and wrestled in New York in front of an audience of 30,000. In 1921, Frištenský became the Czechoslovakia champion. In 1929, he became a professional European champion. During World War II, Frištenský joined the resistance movement. Soon, afterwards he became a prisoner of war and his wife had to bribe a Nazi prison commander to free him. After the war, in 1945, Frištenský left the Sport world and lived in Litovel. In 1947, he became a widower. In 1956, Frištenský received a title "Merited Master of Sports". He died on 6 April 1957.

## Other websites

- Gustav Fristensky, Part I; YouTube
Dzemijetul Hajrije

**Dzemijetul Hajrije** is the oldest Muslim organization in the United States.  It is a benevolent society started in 1906 to help Muslim immigrants from Bosnia.

## History

In the late 1800s, many young men came from Bosnia to Chicago to work in construction.  They built roads, buildings, and tunnels for the Chicago commuter train system. Many Bosnians worked on the tunnels for Arif Dilich’s Paschen Construction Company, a large company in Chicago. The Dzemijetul Hajrije was like a family to the many young single men.  It had religious services and special activities for Eid and other holidays. It helped pay for medical expenses and funerals.

Many Muslims also lived in Gary, Indiana and worked in the steel mills. Another group of Bosnian Muslims went to work in the copper mines in Butte, Montana. Dzemijetul Hajrije started chapters in Gary, Indiana in 1913, Wilpen, Pennyslvania in 1915, and Butte, Montana in 1916. They did not have a mosque, but they met in coffeehouses.  In 1956 the last Bosnian coffeehouse closed.

After World War II more Bosnians immigrated to Chicago.  Many were well-educated, but they had to take jobs as taxi cab drivers, factory workers, and janitors. In the early 1950s, they asked Sheik Kamil Avdich, a religious scholar, to be their first imam.  They started the Muslim Religious and Cultural Home.  In 1957, they opened a mosque on Halsted Street. In 1968, they changed their name to the Bosnian American Cultural Association.  In the 1970s they bought land in Northbrook for a larger mosque, the Islamic Cultural Center of Greater Chicago.
Nagham Nawzat Hasan

**Nagham Nawzat Hasan** (Arabic: نغم نوزات حسن ) or **Nagham Nawzat** is a doctor from Iraq. In 2015 she received the International Women of Courage Award.

Nagham Nawzat Hasan is a Kurdish Yazidi gynecologist. She works with Yazidi girls who were kidnapped by the Islamic State (ISIS).

After the city of Sinjar fell in 2014, ISIL killed many Yezidi men and enslaved many Yezidi women.  Hasan rescued many Yezidi girls. She gave psychological and medical help. She visits Yezidi people in refugee camps to encourage girls to visit her clinic. She started a program against sexual abuse called "_I am Yezidi – I am against harassment._"

## Awards

- Solidar Human Rights Silver Rose award, 2016.
- International Women of Courage Award, 2016.

## Other websites

- 2016 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr 
- Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)
Sinjar

**Sinjar** () is a town in the Sinjar District of the Nineveh Governorate in northwestern Iraq. It is located about five kilometers south of the Sinjar Mountains. Its population in 2013 was estimated at 88,023. Its local inhabitants are exclusively Yazidi. The main language spoken by the Yazidis in the town is the Kurmanji dialect of the Kurdish language. In August 2014, it was the site of the Sinjar massacre which was conducted by ISIS towards the local Yazidi population following their capture of the town.