juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hamamatsu festival

**Hamamatsu Festival (浜松まつり)** is a festival held in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, on May 3 to 5 every year. The Hamamatsu festival is not a religious festival but a city festival. In Japan, May 3 to 5 is a holiday called Golden week. Golden week is the longest national holiday in Japan. May 3 is Constitution Memorial Day, May 4 is Greenery Day, and May 5 is Children's Day. During the festival, people who live in each ward celebrate children, especially baby boys, and local restaurants pray for success and prosperity.

## History

The first Hamamatsu festival was held in 1558 to celebrate the birth of the son of the lord of Hamamatsu castle. The lord and his close advisers flew a kite with the son's name written on it. In the middle of the Edo era (1603~1868), not only in Hamamatsu but also all over Japan, it became popular to fly kites on the Children's Day (May 5). On that day, Japanese people usually celebrate and pray for boys' growth, good health, and bright futures.

## Kite festival

The Hamamatsu festival is famous for its large kites. At 11 am on May 3, more than 100 large kites fly in the sky.  The kite holders stand at the Nakataima Sand Dunes and release them all at the same time, signaled by a trumpet call. The Nakatajima Sand Dunes, is one of three largest sand dune areas in Japan. The Nakatajima Dunes overlook Enshu-nada sea, so the place has the strong winds needed for flying kites. The kites are decorated with baby boys' names and marks or designs of each town (_chō)_. People believe that the higher the kites fly, the healthier the baby boys grow up.

Participants in each town also fight using the kites: They intertwine the 5 mm thick kite strings and use the friction to cut their opponents' kite strings. This kite festival is held for three days in the daytime.

## Parade

At night, there is a parade.  The parade has 83 palace-like parade floats in the center of Hamamatsu. Parade floats are large, movable carts covered in scenery or sculptures.  Each small town has one float.  Girls ride on the floats and play traditional music using Japanese instruments like taiko drums, shinobue flutes, and bells. Other children, their families, and people who live in the town also carry a floats around the area. The audience watches the parade from the side of the road.
Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon

**Wat yai chai mongkhon** is a Buddhist temple in Ayutthaya, Thailand. built in 1357. It is the most important temple in Ayutthaya. It is a historical landmark and a popular tourist attraction.
Hyeokgeose

**Hyeokgeose** () was the first king of Silla (신라), the kingdom of ancient south-west Korea, from B.C. 57 to B.C. 935.

### Birth of Hyeokgeose

In B.C. 69, six village chiefs gathered with their children and announced that “We have been living disorderly. It because we do not have a Great Chief on our villages. So, let’s set someone on the throne who is a virtuous person and found a nation.” At that time, they found the strange light looked like thunderbolt on Yang-san (양산) .

When they climbed the mountain to observe the light, The light went up to the sky at Najung (난정), the foot of Yang-san. And They found a white horse that was bowing. The horse flew up to the sky after it howled a long time. As soon as it left, they looked through the place and they found a big purple egg. The people broke the egg, and they reached out one boy who looked nice and beautiful. When people washed him at Dongchun (동천), his body shines and birds and beasts came to dance and sing. Also the sky and the earth shook and the sun and the moon became clear. After then, people named him King Hyeokgeose, meaning bright ruler.

### Birth of Queen

When the son of the sky came down to the earth, he suggested that Hyeokgeose has to find good wife for him. At that time, Gyeryong (계룡), which is a dragon looked like rooster, came down from the sky to Alyeong-jung (알영정) in Sarang-ri (사량리) and bore a beautiful girl who had chicken beak under the dragon’s left rib. When people moved and washed her at Bookchun (북천) in Walsung (월성), the beak chipped off. So the people called the place Balchun (발천) and named her Alyeong.

### Marriage

The people built up the palace at the foot of South mountain and brought up two babies, who are Hyeokgeose and his wife to be a prince and princess.

### Death

After 61 years from he start to rule the country, he flew up to heaven. After seven days, the ashes of his body fell to the earth and scattered, and the soul of his queen ascended to join him in paradise. All the people cried the ashes of their great king and queen. So they tried to bury them in the same tomb, but a big snake showed up and protected the ashes. So the royal remains of each were divided into five parts and interred in pairs in the Northern Mausoleum, within the precincts of a temple called Tamom-sa (담엄사). The people called these the Five Mausoleums, or Sa-ning (Tomb of the Snake;사능). The Crown Prince succeeded to the throne and was given the title Namhae-wang.

## Reign

The prince was crowned king with Princess Alyeong. The country at that time was called Sorabol (서라벌) in native language. The name Silla was not used until a later time. during the reign of Kaerim-guk (계림국). The Great Chief of the Park family founded the kingdom of Silla and ruled over it for sixty-two years

## Origin of Family Name, Park

Since the prince had been born from an egg in the shape of the gourd called "park" in the native tongue, they gave him the family name Park (박). The princess was named Alyeong (알영) after the well where she was born.
Selenocysteine

**Selenocysteine**  is the 21st protein-building amino acid. It is almost the same as cysteine, but a selenium atom replaces the sulfur atom.
Hohtenn

**Hohtenn** is a village and former municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Hohtenn and Steg merged into the new municipality of Steg-Hohtenn.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Hohtenn
- **municipality name**: Hohtenn
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Hohtenn.PNG
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3949
- **municipality code**: 6196
- **area**: 7.06
- **elevation**: 825
- **population**: 233
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **website**: www.hohtenn.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Niedergesteln, Steg, Switzerland, Steg
Kippel

**Kippel** is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Kippel
- **municipality name**: Kippel
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Kippel COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Kippel.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3917
- **municipality code**: 6197
- **area**: 11.7
- **elevation**: 1376
- **population**: 383
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.kippel.ch
- **mayor**: Bernhard Rieder
- **neighboring municipalities**: Ferden, Kandersteg (BE), Niedergesteln, Wiler (Lötschen)
Animal track

An **animal track** is the imprint left behind in soil, snow, mud, or other ground surfaces that an animal walks across.

Animal tracks are used by hunters to track their prey, and by naturalists to identify animals living in an area.

Tracks can be fossilized over millions of years.  It is for this reason we are able to see fossilized dinosaur tracks in some types of rock formations.  These types of fossils are called trace fossils since they are a trace of an animal left behind rather than the animal itself. In paleontology, tracks often preserve as sandstone infill, forming a natural mold of the track.

## Related pages

- Trace fossil
The Bridge (poem)

**The Bridge** is a long poem by American author Hart Crane. The work was published for the first time in 1930. It was intended by the poet to be a modern epic poem. The poem has fifteen parts. Many of them are about New York City. The best-known part of the poem is its introductory part named _To Brooklyn Bridge_. _The Bridge_ is considered to be Hart Crane's most ambitious undertaking. It is sometimes, however, called a failure, too.

Hart Crane is a modern poet. But in this poem he used mostly iambic pentameter. This iambic pentameter is usually unrhymed (blank verse), but sometimes rhymed.

<poem>
_And Thee, across the harbor, silver paced_
_As though the sun took step of thee yet left_
_Some motion ever unspent in thy stride,—_
_Implicitly thy freedom staying thee!_
</poem>

Hart Crane is known for his attention to the sounds of language. He used alliteration, rhymes and internal assonance. The assonance, that is repeating of the same vowel, can be found in this strophe. The sound [i] occurs in many accented syllables in it.

<poem>
_How many dawns, ch**i**ll from his r**i**ppling rest_
_The seagull’s wings shall d**i**p and p**i**vot h**i**m,_
_Shedding white r**i**ngs of tumult, building high_
_Over the chained bay waters L**i**berty —_
</poem>

Alliteration, that is repeating of the same consonant, should be noticed in the next strophe.

<poem>
_O harp and altar, of the **f**ury **f**used,_
_(How could mere toil align thy choiring strings!)_
_Terrific threshold of the **p**rophet’s **p**ledge,_
**_P**rayer of **p**ariah, and the lover’s cry,_
</poem>

## Other websites

- Percy Hutchinson, Hart Crane's Cubistic Poetry in 'The Bridge'
- Pu Zhao, A Short Comment on Hart Crane’s Poem To Brooklyn Bridge
Nendeln

**Nendeln** is a village in Liechtenstein. It is in the municipality of Eschen.

## Geography

The village is in north-central Liechtenstein. It is on the main road Schaan-Schaanwald. The road links Liechtenstein with Buchs, Switzerland and Feldkirch, Austria.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Nendeln
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: Nendeln 070610.jpg
- **image caption**: Nendeln railway station
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Electoral district
- **subdivision name1**: Unterland (electoral district), Unterland
- **subdivision type2**: Municipality
- **subdivision name2**:  Eschen
- **elevation m**: 450
- **population as of**: 2003
- **population total**: 1,357
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Switzerland and Liechtenstein, Postal code
- **postal code**: 9492
- **area code**: (Telephone numbers in Liechtenstein, +423) ...
- **blank name**: Demonym
Schaanwald

**Schaanwald** is a village of Liechtenstein. It is in the municipality of Mauren.

## Geography

The village is in north-central Liechtenstein. It is on the main road that links Liechtenstein with Buchs, Switzerland and Feldkirch, Austria.

## Notable people

- Melitta Marxer

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Schaanwald
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: Haltestelle Schaanwald-North.jpg
- **image caption**: Schaanwald railway station
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Electoral district
- **subdivision name1**: Unterland (electoral district), Unterland
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Liechtenstein, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**:  Mauren
- **elevation m**: 450
- **population as of**: 2003
- **population total**: 1,000 <small>(about)</small>
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Switzerland and Liechtenstein, Postal code
- **postal code**: 9493
- **area code**: (Telephone numbers in Liechtenstein, +423) ...
- **blank name**: Demonym
American Eskimo Dog

The **American Eskimo dog** is a small breed of companion dog originating in Germany. The hair of American Eskimo dog is snowy white. Their hair also is long and thick, pure and luster, agile and flexible. American Eskimo belongs to the Spitz family. And all these breeds are from German Spitz. During the First World War, this breed was renamed “American Eskimo Dog.” There are three sizes of American Eskimo breed: toy, miniature and standard. The average lifespan of American Eskimo Dog is 12–15 years.

The best living places that are suit for American Eskimo Dog is active singles and seniors, apartments, family with children, houses with yards. This breed loves playing with human and it is very friendly with the children and stranger. Also, the nickname of American Eskimo Dog is “Eskie”.

## History

In the mid nineteenth century, the American Eskimo Dog was discovered in German colonial area in the United States. These dogs belong to the breed of German Spitz that came over from Europe with immigrants. Their early name is American Spitz. The American Eskimo Dog was famed in the United States at the end of nineteenth Century. In 1917, these dogs were renamed from American Spitz to American Eskimo Dog. (Even though their name does not have connection with American Eskimo culture.) They used to be watchdogs on farms to protect people's property. But at the end of nineteenth Century, the American Eskimo Dog prevailed in the circus. They attracted a lot of people’s attention because of their white coat, innate intelligence, trainability and amazing agility. Later, the American Eskimo Dog has become the first choice for household.

## Sizes

|Toy|9 - 12 inches (23 – 30 cm)|6 - 10 pounds (2.4 - 4.5 kg)|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Miniature|Over 12 (30 cm) up to 15 inches (38 cm)|10 - 20 pounds (4.5 – 9 kg)|
|Standard|Over 15 inches (38 cm) up to 19 inches (48 cm)|18 - 35 pounds (8 kg - 16 kg)|

## Temperament/Behavior

The American Eskimo Dog is full of vitality. They can make people who are around them feel happy. This breed wants to run, play, learn new tasks and solve problems. They are great watchdog that are always vigilant. But this breed loves barking. If you leave your dog at home by itself, it will bark the whole day. Your neighbors may complain because of barking. You cannot train the barking out of the Eskie, but you can teach them a stop barking command. American Eskimo Dogs need companionship, and if they stay alone, they will feel very dysphoric.

## Exercise requirement

Because this breed likes sports, the dog needs to have plenty of exercise every day. A lot of exercise can keep their health and make them happy. The toy and miniature sizes can be fed in apartments, but the standard sizes may need a yard or enough space to run.
Street cricket

**Street cricket** or backyard cricket, commonly referred to as Gully (Hindi:गली, meaning _Alley_) Cricket, is an informal version of the game of cricket.

It is played in many countries by people of all types and ages. It is played  in gardens, back yards, on the street, in parks, car parks, beaches and other places. The rules get adapted to local conditions. They play with bat or bat like wood  and use any kind of ball like plastic, sponge, paper and others.

## Overview

Street cricket sometimes uses rules from similar games, like baseball. For example, a batter who is out of his/her ground (safe area, like a base) can be touched by an opponent holding the ball to be tagged out, or the opponent might put a foot on the wicket while holding the ball to run out a batter, which is similar to a force out.

### Bete-ombro

Bete-ombro, also known as tacobol, bets, or pau na lata, is a Brazilian form of street cricket. There are two teams of two players, one which has the bat, and the other having the ball, and there are two wicket<nowiki/>s (often bottles). There are no 4s or 6s, and only the bat can be used to avoid runouts and stumpings. A player from one team throws the ball from one wicket to the other, while a player from the other team holding a bat stands at the other wicket. The batter can hit the ball and then run between the wickets to score runs, while his partner does the same but crossing him. If the ball is thrown at a wicket before a player from the batting team gets to it, then the teams swap.

### Plaquita

"La plaquita" or "la placa" is a similar game from the Dominican Republic. It involves two teams of two players, and two wickets (which can be license plates, known as "placas" in Spanish). Players from one team run between the wickets to score runs, but can't score anymore if the wicket is hit with the ball when that team's players are too far away from the wicket.

### Bat-en-bal

Bat-en-bal is played in Suriname, with only one set of stumps.
TWA Flight 800

**Trans World Airlines Flight 800** **(TWA 800)** was a scheduled flight from John F. Kennedy International Airport to Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport on July 17, 1996. The aircraft was a Boeing 747-100 carrying 212 passengers and 18 crew members. The plane exploded just 12 minutes after takeoff, tore apart and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near East Moriches, New York. There were no survivors. The cause was determined to be a spark that ignited the center wing fuel tank. It remains the third-deadliest aviation accident in U.S. history. It is one of the deadliest aviation accidents in Boeing 747 in history.

## Passengers and Crew

|Nationality||Passengers||Crew||Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||125|17|142||||
||42|0|42||||
||10|0|10||||
||9|0|9||||
||8|1|9||||
||7|0|7||||
||7|0|7||||
||6|0|6||||
||4|0|4||||
||4|0|4||||
||3|0|3||||
||2|0|2||||
||2|0|2||||
||2|0|2||||
||1|0|1||||
||1|0|1||||
||1|0|1||||
||1|0|1||||
||1|0|1||||
||1|0|1||||
|**Total**|**212**|**18**|**230**||||

Most of the 230 occupants on-board were from the United States, but 42 more came from France, 10 from Argentina, and 60 more from sixteen other countries.

The pilots on board TWA Flight 800 were Captain Ralph G. Kevorkian, Co-pilot Steven E. Snyder and Flight Engineer Richard G. Campbell. All had more than 30 years employment with Trans World Airlines. There was also a Flight Engineer Trainee on board Oliver Krick, who was starting the sixth leg of his initial operating experience training.

## Other websites

- The Crash of TWA Flight 800; YouTube

## Infobox (aircraft occurrence)

- **name**: Trans World Airlines Flight 800
- **image**: TWA800reconstruction.jpg
- **caption**: The reconstructed wreckage of TWA 800, stored at Calverton Executive Airpark by the NTSB
- **occurrence type**: Accident
- **summary**: In-flight breakup due to fuel tank explosion caused by short circuit
- **site**: New York Bight
near East Moriches, New York
- **occupants**: 230
- **passengers**: 212
- **crew**: 18
- **fatalities**: 230
- **survivors**: 0
- **aircraft type**: Boeing 747, Boeing 747-131
- **operator**: Trans World Airlines
- **iata**: TW800
- **icao**: TWA800
- **callsign**: TWA 800
- **tail number**: N93119
- **origin**: John F. Kennedy International Airport, John F. Kennedy Int'l Airport
New York City
- **stopover**:
Paris, France, Paris
- **destination**: Leonardo da Vinci Airport
Rome
Arrondissements of the Haute-Marne department

There are 3 **arrondissements in the Haute-Marne department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into _arrondissements_, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Haute-Marne are:
|INSEE code !! Arrondissement !! Capital !! Population (2014) !! width="50px" | Area (km²) !! Density (Inh./km²) !! _Communes_|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|521|Chaumont|Chaumont|64,970|2,476.3||159|
|522|Langres|Langres|44,332|2,162.9||157|
|523|Saint-Dizier|Saint-Dizier|71,371|1,571.4||111|

## History

Since its creation, the Haute-Marne department has had few changes:
- 1790 : creation of the department with six districts: Bourbonne, Bourmont, Chaumont, Joinville, Langres and Saint-Dizier; the capital was Chaumont.
- 1800 : creation of three arrondissements: Chaumont, Langres and Wassy.
- 1926 : the arrondissement of Wassy was eliminated.
- 1943 : Wassy was made again an arrondissement but the subprefecture was moved to Saint-Dizier.

## Related pages

- List of arrondissements of France
Arrondissements of the Marne department

There are 5 **arrondissements in the Marne department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into _arrondissements_, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Marne are:

|INSEE code !! Arrondissement !! Capital !! Population (2014) !! width="50px" | Area (km²) !! Density (Inh./km²) !! _Communes_|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|511|Châlons-en-Champagne|Châlons-en-Champagne|103,110|1,778.3||100|
|512|Épernay|Épernay|109,771|2,332.7||181|
|513|Reims|Reims|296,374|1,525.7||155|
|514|Vitry-le-François|Vitry-le-François|47,741|1,503.6||113|
|515|Sainte-Menehould|Sainte-Menehould|13,821|1,021.3||67|

## History

Since its creation, the Marne department has had few changes:
- 1790 : creation of the department with six districts: Châlons-sur-Marne, Reims, Épernay, Sézanne, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François; the capital was _Châlons-sur-Marne_ (now Châlons-en-Champagne).
- 1800 : creation of five arrondissements: Châlons-sur-Marne, Reims, Épernay, Sézanne, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François.
- 1926 : the arrondissement of Sainte-Menehould was eliminated.
- 1940 : Sainte-Menehould was made again an arrondissement.

## Related pages

- List of arrondissements of France
2016 Oakland warehouse fire

The **2016 Oakland warehouse fire** was a fire in Oakland, California on December 2, 2016. At around 11:30 PM Pacific Standard Time, a fire started in a warehouse. The warehouse, known as Ghost Ship, had been changed into places for people to live and into an artist collective. Those changes were done without permits.

At least 36 people died because of the fire. It was the deadliest building fire in Oakland history.
Vaganova Ballet Academy

The **Vaganova Ballet Academy** is a ballet school in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It was founded in 1738 by Empress Anna Loannovna (1693-1740)

The original name of the academy was the **Imperial Ballet School**. In the Soviet regime, the school was rebuilt as the **Leningrad State Choreographic Institute**. After that, in 1957, the name of the school became the **Vaganova Ballet Academy** by Agrippina Vaganova. Every year, over 3,000 children audition and only approximately 70 children are accepted. It has eight year curriculum, and 30 dancers complete the whole of the curriculum. Dancers who take the eight year course may join ballet companies all over the world.
Kishiwada Danjiri Festival

**Kishiwada Danjiri festival( 岸和田だんじり祭り）** is a festival which is held in Kishiwada, located in southern Osaka,  in Japan for abundant crops. There are some differnet Danjiri matsuri festivals in western Japan region, but Kishiwada one is the biggest. People pull Danjiri float , run, walk and play some traditional instrument.   The date which it is held is on saturday and Sunday just before the Respect-for-the Aged Day Holiday of September.

## Food

There are some special foods for this festival. Some people invite their relative or friends and make blue crabs, Kantoudaki and Kurumimochi. People in Kishiwada eat a blue swimming crabs which is caught in the sea near Senshu which is located in south Osaka. The best time of catching crabs coincidents with the festival so people had degun to eat it. Kantoudaki is a japanese food in which variety of ingredients such as egg, radish potatoes, octopus, beef are boiled together in a large pot of seasoned fish broth. It is easy to make a lot at one time so many people cook this dish in Danjiri festival. Kurumimochi is a kind of a rice cake covered with ground walnuts. This is a local sweet in Osaka, and people eat this for huge harvest.

## Organization

the management of this festival is organized by some neighborhood associations in each town. There is an association for Danjiri in each town in parallel with women's association and child association. there are some roles in this organization. The leader is called is called Tyoukaichou( 町会長）, and the person who assumes heavy responsibility. When some incident happen or the accident has caused someone's death, Tyoukaityou is reponsible. He rides in front of Danjiri float. The leader pulling Danjiri is called Eikousekininnsha(曳行責任者. He is the highest ranking person and he is also in front of Danjiri float.
Magistrate

A **magistrate** is a law officer who administers the law in a court. The term varies in its use in different countries.

In ancient Rome, a _magistratus_ was one of the highest ranking government officers. They had judicial and executive powers. A Roman consul was the highest magistrate.

## Recent examples

In some parts of the world, such as China, a magistrate was responsible for administration over a particular geographic area. Today, in some jurisdictions, a magistrate is a judicial officer who hears cases in a lower court. They usually deal with minor or preliminary matters. In England and Wales there are two types of magistrates: justices of the peace and district judges.
Linus Sebastian

**Linus Gabriel Sebastian** is a founder, editor-in-chief and Chief Vision Officer of Linus Media Group (LMG). He sometimes hosts YouTube channels Linus Tech Tips, TechLinked, Short Circuit, and others run by LMG. In 2015, Inc. Magazine ranked Sebastian 4th in a list of the "Top 30 Power Players in Tech".

## Personal life

Linus was born on August 20, 1986. He grew up in Maple Ridge, British Columbia. He has been married to Yvonne Ho since April 2011.
Super League

The **Super League** is a rugby league competition for clubs from the United Kingdom and France. The league started in 1996 and Wigan Warriors are the current champions, having won the 2016 title.

## Current teams

- Castleford Tigers
- Catalans Dragons
- Huddersfield Giants
- Hull F.C.
- Leigh Centurions
- Leeds Rhinos
- Salford Red Devils
- St Helens R.F.C.
- Wakefield Trinity
- Warrington Wolves
- Widnes Vikings
- Wigan Warriors

## Former teams

- Bradford Bulls
- Hull Kingston Rovers
- London Broncos
- Newcastle Thunder
- North Wales Crusaders
- Sheffield Eagles
- Workington Town

## Winners

- Leeds Rhinos (7): 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2015
- St Helens (6): 1996, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006 and 2014
- Bradford (4): 1997, 2001, 2003 and 2005
- Wigan (4): 1998, 2010, 2013 and 2016
Nissan Navara

**Nissan Navara** (also called **Nissan Frontier**) is a pickup truck from Nissan. The line began around 1997. It replaced the Datsun Hardbody trucks.

The Navara is named for the Navarre region in northern Spain.

The truck is available in two and four doors.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Nissan Navara
- **image**: 2018 Nissan Navara Tekna DCi Automatic 2.3.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Nissan
- **aka**: Nissan Frontier
Nissan NP300
- **production**: 1985–present
- **class**: Compact car, Compact pickup truck (D21/D22)
Mid-size pickup truck (D40/D23)
- **body style**: 2-door pickup truck
4-door pickup truck
- **chassis**: Body-on-frame
- **predecessor**: Datsun Truck#Datsun/Nissan 720, Datsun/Nissan 720
- **successor**: Nissan Frontier (D41) (North America)
- **caption**: 2018 Nissan Navara (UK)
Andrew Puzder

**Andrew Franklin "Andy" Puzder** (born July 11, 1950) is an American politician and businessman. He has been the 22nd United States Ambassador to the European Union since 2025. He was the chief executive of CKE Restaurants from 2000 until 2025. He received his Juris Doctor in 1978 from Washington University School of Law in St. Louis where he served as senior editor on the Law Review.

On December 8, 2016, Puzder was named as President-elect Donald Trump's nominee for United States Secretary of Labor. He withdrew as the nominee on February 15, 2017.

On January 22, 2025, President Trump announced his nomination of Puzder to serve as United States Ambassador to the European Union in his second administration. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 2, 2025 by a 53 to 44 vote.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: United States Ambassador to the European Union Andrew Franklin Puzder.jpg
- **office**: 22nd United States Ambassador to the European Union
- **term start**: September 11, 2025
- **president**: Donald Trump
- **predecessor**: Mark Gitenstein
- **birth name**: Andrew Franklin Puzder
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 6
- **education**: Cleveland State University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Washington University in St. Louis (Juris Doctor, JD)
Joseph Mascolo

**Joseph Mascolo** (March 13, 1929 – December 8, 2016) was an American musician and former dramatic actor.

Mascolo was born in West Hartford, Connecticut. He studied at the University of Miami and at the United States Military Academy. He began acting in 1957.

During his long career, he has acted in many movies such as _Jaws 2_, _Heat_ and _The Trail of the Incredible Hulk_. He was best known for playing super villain Stefano DiMera, a role he originated in 1982 on NBC's _Days of Our Lives_ until his retirement in January 2016.

Mascolo was married to Rose Maimone in 1953. She died in 1986. They had one son. Mascolo then married Patricia Schultz in 2005. He lived in Los Angeles. California. Mascolo was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2015 and suffered a crippling stroke the same year.

Mascolo died on December 8, 2016 at his home in Los Angeles from complication of the disease, aged 87. He was survived by his wife Patricia, his sister Marie, his son Peter and a step-daughter Laura.

## Other websites

- His Personal Website
Associação Chapecoense de Futebol

**Associação Chapecoense de Futebol** is a football club which plays in Brazil.

## League title

- Copa Sudamericana : 1
    - 2016

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Chapecoense
- **fullname**: Associação Chapecoense de Futebol
- **founded**: 1976
- **ground**: Arena Condá, Chapecó, Brazil
- **capacity**: 20.000
- **chairman**: Ivan Tozo
- **manager**: Gilmar Dal Pozzo
- **league**: Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, Série B
- **season**: 2024
- **image**: Logo Associação Chapecoense de Futebol.svg
Virtual reality

**Virtual reality** (often just called **VR**) is the name of reality for computer technology that makes a person feel like they are somewhere else.  It uses software to produce images, sounds, and other sensations to create a different place so that a user feels like he or she is really part of this other place.  That other place can be a real place (to take a tour in another country, for instance) or imaginary (playing a game).

A user uses a headset which consists of a screen to project the content, and speakers to produce sounds. The technology to do this needs special display screens or projectors and other devices.  Often the picture will change when the user moves their head, they may be able to "walk" through this virtual space and to see things in that space from different directions, and maybe move things in that space.  **Haptic feedback** might also be used to help make it seem more real - haptic feedback uses special gloves that make it feel like you touched something in real life.

Virtual reality is different than **augmented reality**, which shows the real place that a person is in, but changes or adds to it.  Pokémon Go is an example of augmented reality. Augmented reality headsets are also commercially available such as the Microsoft HoloLens.
Martisberg

**Martisberg** was a municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Martisberg and Betten merged into the new municipality of Bettmeralp.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Martisberg
- **municipality name**: Martisberg
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Martisberg COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3994
- **municipality code**: 6178
- **area**: 3.0
- **elevation**: 1367
- **population**: 16
- **populationof**: Dec 2013
- **popofyear**: 2013
- **website**: -
- **neighboring municipalities**: Betten, Grengiols, Lax, Switzerland, Lax
Mörel, Switzerland

**Mörel** was a municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Mörel and Filet merged into the new municipality of Mörel-Filet.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Mörel
- **image photo**: Moerel.jpg
- **image caption**: Mörel
- **municipality name**: Mörel
- **municipality type**: former
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3983
- **municipality code**: 6179
- **area**: 1.2
- **elevation**: 746
- **population**: 450
- **populationof**: Dec 2008
- **popofyear**: 2008
- **website**: www.moerel.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Filet,  Switzerland, Filet, Riederalp, Termen
Bettmeralp

**Bettmeralp** is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

Before the merger, Bettmeralp was the name of a village and ski resort in Betten.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Betten and Martisberg merged into the new municipality of Bettmeralp.

## Other websites

- Official website of the municipality of Bettmeralp

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bettmeralp
- **municipality name**: Bettmeralp
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Betten COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Bettmeralp 2014.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3991, 3994
- **municipality code**: 6205
- **area**: 29.36
- **elevation**: 1970
- **population**: 440
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: gemeinde.bettmeralp.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fiesch, Fieschertal, Filet, Switzerland, Filet, Grengiols, Lax, Switzerland, Lax, Martisberg, Naters, Riederalp
Vincent Laforet

**Vincent Laforet** (born 1975, Switzerland) is a French American director and photographer.

Laforet shared the 2002 Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography. The other photographers who won were: Stephen Crowley, Chang Lee, James Hill, and Ruth Fremson. The group worked for _The New York Times_. They covered events outside of the United States after the September 11 attacks.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Vincent Laforet
- **birth date**: 1975
- **birth place**: Switzerland
- **nationality**: France, French United States, American
- **known for**: Reverie, Pulitzer Prize, Director, Filmmaker, Photographer, Mobius
- **education**: Dalton School
- **alma mater**: Northwestern University
- **employer**: LAFORET VISUALS Inc.
- **occupation**: Director
- **children**: Noah, Eliana
- **website**: [http://www.laforetvisuals.com/ Laforet Visuals]
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta

**Ponte Preta** is a Brazilian soccer club.

## Other websites

- Ponte Preta official website

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Ponte Preta
- **image**: Logo AA Ponte Preta.svg
- **upright**: 0.6
- **current**: 2 019–20 Ponte Preta. season
- **fullname**: Associação Atlética Ponte Preta
- **nickname**: Macaca (Monkey)
- **founded**: 1900
- **ground**: Estádio Moisés Lucarelli
- **capacity**: 22,500
- **chrtitle**: President
- **website**: http://www.pontepreta.com.br
- **pattern la1**: _pontepreta20h
- **pattern b1**: _pontepreta20h
- **pattern ra1**: _pontepreta20h
- **pattern sh1**: _pontepreta20h
- **pattern so1**: _pontepreta20h
- **leftarm1**: FFFFFF
- **body1**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm1**: FFFFFF
- **shorts1**: FFFFFF
- **socks1**: FFFFFF
- **pattern b2**: _pontepreta20a
- **pattern sh2**: _pontepreta20a
- **pattern so2**: _pontepreta20a
- **leftarm2**: 000000
- **body2**: 000000
- **rightarm2**: 000000
- **shorts2**: 000000
- **socks2**: 000000
- **american**: true
Clube Náutico Capibaribe

**Clube Náutico Capibaribe** also known as **Náutico**, is a Brazilian sports club, including a professional football team, in Recife, Pernambuco. Náutico, as of 2021, is competing in the Série B.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Brasiliense
- **fullname**: Brasiliense Futebol Clube
- **founded**: 1931
- **ground**: Arena Pernambuco, São Lourenço da Matta, Brazil
- **capacity**: 45.000
- **chairman**: Marcos Freitas
- **league**: Campeonato Brasileiro Série C, Série C
- **season**: 2025
Raising Hope

***Raising Hope*** is an American sitcom. It aired from September 21, 2010, to April 4, 2014, on Fox.

The show aired during prime time, a block of television viewing time in the peak evening hours. The show averaged over 6 million viewers per episode in the first season. The show was also broadcast internationally. It aired in Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and the United Kingdom. It was broadcast by I.Sat in Latin America.

## Awards and nominations

|Year|Award|Category|Recipients|Outcome|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|2010|Satellite Awards|Best Television Series – Comedy or Musical|rowspan="2"|_Raising Hope_||
|Jamison Awards|Favorite Avery Laugh Award||||||
|rowspan="9"|2011|Casting Society of America|Outstanding Achievement in Casting – Television Pilot – Comedy|Dava Waite|||
|rowspan="2"|Emmy Awards|Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series|Martha Plimpton||||
|Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series|Cloris Leachman||||||
|People's Choice Awards|Favorite New TV Comedy|_Raising Hope_|||||
|Satellite Awards|Best Actress in a TV series – Comedy or Musical|Martha Plimpton|||||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice TV – Breakout Show|rowspan="2"|_Raising Hope_||||
|Television Critics Association Awards|Outstanding Achievement in Comedy||||||
|Critics' Choice Television Award|Best Actress in a Comedy Series|Martha Plimpton|||||
|Young Artist Awards|Best Performance in a TV Series – Recurring Young Actress 11–16|Kelly Heyer|||||
|rowspan="5"|2012|Motion Picture Sound Editors|Best Sound Editing – Music for Short Form Television|Sharyn M. Tylk and Susan Ham|||
|Young Artist Awards|Best Young Actress Recurring in a Television Series|Kelly Heyer|||||
|rowspan="2"|Critics' Choice Television Award|Best Comedy Actress|Martha Plimpton||||
|Best Comedy Actor|Garret Dillahunt||||||
|Emmy Awards|Outstanding Original Music and Lyrics|Matthew Thompson|||||

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Sitcom
- **creator**: Greg Garcia
- **starring**: Lucas Neff
Martha Plimpton
Garret Dillahunt
Shannon Woodward
Gregg Binkley
Cloris Leachman
Baylie and Rylie Cregut
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 4
- **num episodes**: 88
- **executive producer**: Greg Garcia, Gregory Thomas Garcia
Mike Mariano
Joey Gutierrez
Mark Stegemann
Michael Fresco (pilot only)
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: Amigos de Garcia Productions
Slowly I Turned Productions
20th Century Fox Television
- **network**: Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox
Citropsis articulata

***Citropsis articulata*** is a type of flowering plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae. It is native to tropical West Africa.

The plant and fruit are known by many names. Some of the names are: African cherry orange, West African cherry orange, Uganda cherry orange, Agbalumo, Udara, Otien, and Omuboro.
Mannheim Steamroller

The **Mannheim Steamroller** is a neoclassical new-age music group. It was founded by Chip Davis. The group is well-known for mixing classical music with new aged and rock music. They also do Christmas music.

Their music is done using the _Fresh Aire_ series of studio albums. They have sold over 28 million albums worldwide.

The Mannheim Steamroller was founded in 1974.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Mannheim Steamroller
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Omaha, Nebraska
- **genre**: Neoclassical new-age music, Christmas music, Holiday, progressive rock
- **years active**: 1974–present
- **label**: American Gramaphone
- **website**: [http://mannheimsteamroller.com/ MannheimSteamroller.com]
- **current members**: Chip Davis
Bobby Jenkins
Jackson Berkey
Rebecca Kia
Almeda Berkey
Roxanne Layton
Ron Cooley
Arnie Roth
Chuck Penington
Tom Sharpe (musician), Tom Sharpe
Joey Gulizia
Glen Smith
Logan Penington
Anna Lackaff
Mark Agnor
Bobby Kunkle
Christmas music

**Christmas music** is songs that relate to Christmas and New Year's. The music is normally heard during the holiday season.

Music was an early part of Christmas and its celebrations.

During the Middle Ages, the English people combined circle dances with singing and called them carols. Christmas carols in English first appeared in a 1426 work from John Audelay.

Traditional Christmas songs are "Silent Night", "Deck the Halls" and "God Rest You Merry Gentlemen".

Modern Christmas songs include "Jingle Bell Rock", "The Christmas Song", "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas", "Sleigh Ride", "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" and "I'll Be Home for Christmas".
Tā moko

“Ta Moko” means tattoo art in Maori.
Often these tattoos covered the whole face and were a symbol of rank, social status, power and prestige for the Maori people. Ta Moko is a visual language which connects the person who has it to his “whakapapa”. Whakapapa is the family, it’s the genealogical tree, so there is nothing which links religion to Ta Moko. Ta Moko symbolises identification with their origins. It is considered to be beautiful but ferocious because they have to frighten their enemies. The Maori facial tattoo was used as a kind of “identification card”.

These tattoos look like animals or geometric shapes. The most popular tattoo is “the tortoise”. Making the tattoos leaves scars. Traditional tools to make Ta Moko are albatross bone chisels and black ink. A Maori tattoo takes a lot of time to do; generally the Maori people start tattooing themselves in adolescence and they finish in adulthood. They take years to be finished. But a real Ta Moko is very painful. The tattoo artist removes skin by making wide cuts with a mallet and either a turtle scale or an Albatross bone.

Boys start to be tattooed around adolescence but we don’t know when women start to be tattooed.
Men’s tattoos can be found everywhere on their bodies; whereas women can only have tattoos on their foreheads, necks, lips, chins and backs.

The number of tattoos they have depends on their age, what the people have done in their lives and the place of the person in the tribe. For Maoris these tattoos are like a diary because they are a written record of all the important events and places a man has experienced in his life.
Sekkizhar

**Sekkizhar** is a Tamil poet and scholar. He lived during the period of Kulothunga Chola II. He was considered an excellent poet. Sekkizhar wrote _Periya Puranam_. It was originally 4253 poems describing the lives of 63 Shaiva Nayanars.

## Life of Sekkizhar

Sekkizhar was born in the village of Kundrathur in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He was a scholar in vedas as well as Tirumurai (later his work was also been added as a tirumurai). His real name is Ramadevan. He was an inmate in a Vaishnavite shrine near Kanchipuram. He started his works of _Periya Puranam_ when he was in Chidambaram. Among all Puranas in Tamil, Sekkizhar's Periya Puranam stands first. Kulothunga Chola II began to restore Tamil Shaivism that was begun by his ancestors because he was a great devotee of Lord Nataraja (Shiva) at Chidambaram. The king called upon Sekkizhar to compose a poem on the life of Shaiva saints.

In Tamil literature, Periya Puranam, the great poem works of Sekkizhar is considered the fifth veda. It had also took place as the twelfth tirumarai or Shiva canon.
Cuttack

**Cuttack** is the former capital of the state of Odisha in East India. It is the headquarters of the Cuttack district. Cuttack is nicknamed the "Millennium City" and the "Silver City". Cuttack has over 1000 years of history, and has a famous silver jewelry works. The High Court of Odisha is located in Cuttack. Cuttack is also called as the commercial capital of Odisha. This is due to the large number of trading and business houses in the city.

Cuttack and Bhubaneswar are often called the Twin-Cities of Odisha. The metropolitan area formed by the two cities has a population of 1.68 million in 2014. Cuttack is a Tier-II city as per the ranking system used by Government of India.
Deomali (mountain)

**Deomali** is a mountain peak in the Chandragiri-Pottangi subrange of the Eastern Ghats. It is located near Koraput town in the Koraput district of southern Odisha, India.At 1672 m Deomali is the highest mountain peak in the state of Odisha. It is also one of the tallest peaks of the Eastern Ghats. The peak has a good surrounding scenery.
Danish Football Association

The **Danish Football Union** (; **DBU**) is the leading body of football in Denmark. It is the organization of the Danish football clubs and runs the professional Danish football leagues and the Denmark national football team for men and women. It is founding member of both FIFA and UEFA. It was established in 1889 and is on of the oldest associations in world football.

### Men's

- Leagues
    - Superliga
    - 1. Division
    - 2. Division
    - 3. Division
    - Danmarksserien (4 groups)
- Cups
    - DBU Pokalen

### Women's

- Elite Divisionen
- First Division
- Danish Series  (3 groups)
- Danish Women's Cup

## UEFA Five years ranking 2025/26

- 13th place

## Other websites

- Official web site in Danish and English
Mörel-Filet

**Mörel-Filet** is a municipality of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Filet and Mörel merged into the new municipality of Mörel-Filet.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Mörel-Filet
- **municipality name**: Mörel-Filet
- **municipality type**: former
- **image photo**: Moerel.jpg
- **image caption**: Mörel-Filet
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Moerel-Filet COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Mörel-Filet 2009.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3983
- **municipality code**: 6203
- **area**: 8.4
- **elevation**: 746
- **population**: 692
- **populationof**: Dec 2007
- **popofyear**: 2007
- **website**: www.moerel-filet.ch
- **mayor**: Irmina Imesch-Studer
- **mayor title**: Gemeindepräsidentin
- **places**: Mörel, Switzerland, Mörel, Filet, Switzerland, Filet
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bettmeralp, Grengiols, Bister, Switzerland, Bister, Termen and Riederalp
Niedergesteln

**Niedergesteln** is a municipality in the district Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Niedergesteln
- **municipality name**: Niedergesteln
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Niedergesteln COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Niedergesteln.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Raron (district), Raron
- **postal code**: 3942
- **municipality code**: 6198
- **area**: 17.4
- **elevation**: 639
- **population**: 616
- **populationof**: Dec 2002
- **popofyear**: 2002
- **website**: www.niedergesteln.ch
- **mayor**: Josef Pfammatter
- **neighboring municipalities**: Eischoll, Ferden, Gampel, Hohtenn, Kippel, Raron, Steg, Switzerland, Steg, Turtmann, Unterbäch, Wiler (Lötschen)