juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Wyrms (novel)

***Wyrms*** (1987) is a science fiction book that was written by Orson Scott Card. The story looks at desire, wisdom, and human will.

## Other websites

- About the book _Wyrms_ from Card's website

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Wyrms
- **author**: Orson Scott Card
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **genre**: Science fiction
- **publisher**: Tor Books
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover & Paperback)
- **pages**: 263 pp
- **isbn**: 978-0-7653-0560-2
- **release date**: 1987
2008 WWE draft

The **2008 World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) Draft** was the fifth yearly (and sixth overall) Draft held by WWE. The Draft was held on June 23, 2008 in San Antonio, Texas from the AT&T Center. The Draft took place live for three hours on WWE's flagship program, _Raw_, which aired on the USA Network.

### Background

The Draft was announced by WWE Chairman, Vince McMahon on the May 26 2008 episode of _Raw_. During the announcement, he stated that every WWE Superstar, Diva, and Commentators were eligible to be drafted.

#### Televised draft

|Pick #|Brand (To)|Superstar/Diva|Brand (From)|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|Raw|Rey Mysterio|SmackDown!|||
|2|SmackDown!|Jeff Hardy|Raw|||
|3|Raw|CM Punk|ECW|||
|4|ECW|Matt Hardy|SmackDown!|Matt Hardy was the WWE United States Champion at the time he was drafted, making the United States Championship ECW exclusive.||
|5|SmackDown!|Jim Ross|Raw|rowspan="2"||
|6|Raw|Michael Cole|SmackDown!|||
|7|Raw|Batista|SmackDown!|||
|8|SmackDown!|Umaga|Raw|||
|9|Raw|Kane|ECW|Kane was ECW Champion when drafted thus making the title Raw exclusive.||
|10|SmackDown!|Mr. Kennedy|Raw|||
|11|SmackDown!|Triple H|Raw|Triple H was WWE Champion when drafted thus making the title SmackDown exclusive.||

#### Supplemental draft

|Pick #|Brand (To)|Superstar/Diva|Brand (From)|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|ECW|Mark Henry|SmackDown!||
|2|Raw|Jamie Noble|SmackDown!||
|3|SmackDown!|Trevor Murdoch|Raw||
|4|SmackDown!|Big Daddy V|ECW||
|5|Raw|Deuce|SmackDown!||
|6|SmackDown!|DH Smith|Raw||
|7|ECW|Hornswoggle|SmackDown!||
|8|ECW|Super Crazy|Raw||
|9|Raw|Chuck Palumbo|SmackDown!||
|10|SmackDown!|Brian Kendrick|Raw||
|11|Raw|Matt Striker|ECW||
|12|SmackDown!|Maria|Raw||
|13|SmackDown!|Shelton Benjamin|ECW||
|14|ECW|Finlay|SmackDown!||
|15|SmackDown!|Carlito|Raw||
|16|Raw|Layla|ECW||
|17|Raw|Kofi Kingston|ECW||

## Related pages

- WWE Brand Extension
- WWE Draft Lottery
- WWE Raw

## References

pl:WWE Draft#WWE Draft 2008
Poplar Forest

The **Poplar Forest** is the retreat home of Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States of America. It is near Lynchburg, Virginia.

His wife inherited the 4,819 acre plantation and he built an octagonal retreat  home there which was basically complete in the year 1812.  The home contains a central dining room in the shape of a cube, measuring 20 feet on all sides and lit from a skylight above. Currently under restoration, the building gives a fascinating glimpse of how things were built in those days, as well as showing off a few of Jefferson's inventions such as the triple sash window. Jefferson used the property as a respite from the busy Monticello, which was always welcoming visitors, and spent most of his time there only with close family members. He had a library containing 700 volumes and he used his time there to communicate with his 'absent friends', in other words, to catch up on his written correspondence.
Interstate 8

**Interstate 8** or **I-8** is an Interstate Highway that runs from Interstate 10 near Casa Grande, Arizona to San Diego, California. The route is  long.

## Infobox (road/browselinks/usa)

- **state**: CA


## Infobox (road/browselinks/usa)

- **state**: AZ


## Infobox (road)

- **country**: USA
- **type**: I
- **route**: 8
- **maint**: Caltrans and Arizona Department of Transportation, ADOT
- **length mi**: 350.34
- **established**: 1964
- **map custom**: yes
- **map notes**: I-8 highlighted in red
- **direction a**: West
- **terminus a**: Sunset Cliffs Boulevard / Nimitz Boulevard in San Diego, San Diego, CA
- **direction b**: East
- **terminus b**: in Casa Grande, Arizona, Casa Grande, AZ
- **states**: California, Arizona
- **counties**: **CA:** San Diego County, California, San Diego, Imperial County, California, Imperial
**AZ:** Yuma County, Arizona, Yuma, Maricopa County, Arizona, Maricopa, Pinal County, Arizona, Pinal
- **browse**:
Bill Moggridge

**William Grant Moggridge**, RDI (25 June 1943 – 8 September 2012) was a British industrial designer and co-founder of the Silicon Valley-based design firm IDEO. He helped design what was arguably the first laptop computer, the GRiD Compass. He was in favour of user-centered design process in product development cycles and also worked towards popularizing interaction design as a mainstream discipline.

Moggridge was the author of _Designing Interactions_, published in October 2006.

He was also involved in design education in the United Kingdom and the United States; teaching at the Royal College of Art, the London Business School and Stanford University.

## References

- Designing Interactions  - book home page
- Talk at the Innvovationsforum Interactiondesign,  Germany 2007
Before I Self Destruct

***Before I Self Destruct*** is 50 Cent's fourth album. It was released in 2009.

On the track "The End of My Career", on one of 50 Cent's mixtapes, he said that he has already recorded 12 tracks for the album.
Udanoceratops

**Udanoceratops** had a very large skull (1.5 times the size of the next largest protoceratopid Montanoceratops) with no nasal horn. It most resembles Leptoceratops but with larger nasal apertures, less teeth in the upper jaw and more in the lower jaw - there are also differences in its teeth and skull bones. It has a mixture of advanced and primitive features and may turn out to be a ceratopsid.
Thai

**Thai** might mean:

- Something related to the country Thailand
- Thai people, the people of Thailand
- Thai language, the language of Thailand
- Thai food, the food of Thailand
Antonio Pappano

**Antonio Pappano** (born December 30, 1959 in Epping) is a British conductor and pianist of Italian origin. He is the conductor of the orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London, and l'Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome.

Pappano was born in England, but his family had come from Italy. When he was 13 years old, he moved with his family to Connecticut, in the United States. There he had his musical training, learning to play the piano as well as composition and conducting. He became a rehearsal accompanist at the New York City Opera.

Pappano is the youngest conductor to lead the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House in London, accompanying both the Royal Opera and Royal Ballet. He is also an excellent piano accompanist.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Antonio Pappano
- **image**: Antonio Pappano.JPG
- **caption**: Pappano (right) being given the Vittorio de Sica prize from Italian President Giorgio Napolitano in 2010
- **birth date**: December 30, 1959
Boris Berezovsky (pianist)

**Boris Berezovsky** (Russian: Бори́с Вади́мович Березо́вский; born Moscow, 4 January 1969) is a famous Russian pianist. Berezovsky studied at the Moscow Conservatory. In 1988 he became well known in the West when he gave a recital in the Wigmore Hall in London. Two years later he won the gold medal at the 1990 International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.

Boris Berezovsky gives concerts all over the world. He plays concertos with many of the great orchestras including the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, Orchestre de la Monnaie, Rotterdam Philharmonic, Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra, NDR Hamburg, Hessischer Rundfunk, New Japan Philharmonic, City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and with conductors such as Kurt Masur, Wolfgang Sawallisch, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Mikhail Pletnev and Antonio Pappano. Berezovsky has also made many recordings.

Berezovsky has a daughter, Evelyne Berezovsky (born 1991), who is also a pianist. He now lives in Brussels. Boris is an excellent jazz pianist and performs with his trio in Russian clubs.
Balto

**Balto** was the name of a Siberian Husky, born in 1923 and died 1933. A sled dog, he was the back up for a dog named Togo. Balto took part in the 1925 serum run to Nome. He got a lot of fame, more than Togo, for being part of the journey. Many people say that Togo should have gotten the attention that Balto got because Togo had done  the most work. Leonhard Seppala bred, named, raised, and trained Balto but did not race with him. In a 1927 _New York Times_ article, he claimed that a forgotten dog, named Fox, had been co-lead with Balto on Kaasen’s team. He did not believe that Balto could have led the team by himself. Gunnar Kaasen was Balto’s musher.

In January 1925, Nome, Alaska, needed medicine for a diphtheria epidemic. First, a ship tried to bring the medicine but ice was closing into the Bering Sea. The ship could not get to Nome. Next, they tried to bring the medicine by airplane. They could not because there was a blizzard (a severe snowstorm). The winds were too strong for the plane.

The medicine was sent by train from Anchorage, Alaska to Nenena, Alaska. Then, sled dogs took turns carrying the medicine to Nome. The dog that ran the longest was Togo. Balto was the final dog. He led the team into Nome. The medicine saved many children (almost all of the children). Balto, the other dogs, and the men who carried the medicine were given a hero's welcome. A few months later in New York City, a statue of Balto was placed in Central Park and is still there today.

## The serum run

In January 1925, doctors realized that a diphtheria epidemic was likely to sweep through Nome's young people. It could kill many people. The only serum that could stop it was in Anchorage, almost  away. The only aircraft that could get the medicine to Nome was taken out of winter storage, but its engine was frozen, and the airplane would not start.

Officials chose to move the medicine by sled dog. The serum was transported by train from Anchorage to Nenana. At Nenana, the first musher began the trip as part of a relay to deliver the serum to Nome. More than 20 mushers took part. They had to deal with a blizzard with  temperatures and strong winds. News coverage of the race was worldwide.

## Movies

On December 22, 1995, Universal Pictures released the animated movie _Balto_. The movie was based on the events of the 1925 serum run, although there are big differences. They also made two sequels to the original. A final fan-made movie was directed by Stefan Balugani.

## Other websites

- Balto Online Forum
- Balto Online
Colin Davis

Sir ** Colin Rex Davis**, CH, CBE, (Weybridge, Surrey, 25 September 1927 – London, England, 14 April 2013), was a British conductor. He was born in Weybridge, Surrey, UK. Davis went to school at Christ's Hospital before studying the clarinet at the Royal College of Music in London. He was not allowed to take conducting lessons there because he did not play the piano well enough. He still managed to get some experience as conductor of the Kalmar Orchestra with other music students.

In 1952 Davis worked at the Royal Festival Hall, and in the late 1950s conducted the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. He started to become well known when he was suddenly asked to conduct Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera _Don Giovanni_ at the Royal Festival Hall because Otto Klemperer was ill. A year later, in 1960, he conducted Mozart's _The Magic Flute_ at Glyndebourne because Thomas Beecham was ill.

In the 1960s he worked at Sadler's Wells Opera and with the London Symphony Orchestra. He was Chief Conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra. In 1971 he took over from Georg Solti as principal conductor at the Royal Opera House. He stayed there until 1986. He particularly liked conducting the operas of Michael Tippett, giving the first performances of _The Knot Garden_ (1970), and _The Ice Break_ (1977). In 1977 he became the first English conductor to appear at the Bayreuth Festival where he conducted _Tannhäuser_.

Davis was Principal Guest Conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1972 to 1984. He was Chief Conductor at the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1983 to 1993. In 1991, Davis was given the honorary title 'Conductor Laureate' of the Staatskapelle Dresden, the first conductor in the orchestra's history to hold that title. In 1995, Davis became Principal Conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He stayed there until 2006, when the orchestra gave him the title of President. From 1998 to 2003, he was also Principal Guest Conductor of the New York Philharmonic.

He has received many honours, including CH and CBE

In 1949, Davis married the soprano April Cantelo. They had two children, Suzanne and Christopher. Their marriage ended in 1964, and in that same year, Davis married the young Iranian woman who had been the family _au pair_, Ashraf “Shamsi” Naini. To satisfy both the Iranian and British authorities, the couple were married three times, once in Iran and twice in the UK, in the Iranian Embassy as well as in a regular UK civil ceremony. They have five children.

On 14 April 2013, it was announced via the London Symphony Orchestra, of which Davis had been the president, that he had died that evening, aged 85, after a short illness.

Davis was not related to the conductor Sir Andrew Davis.
Sea caves

**Sea caves**, also called **littoral caves**, are a type of cave. They are a hollow chamber in a coastal cliff, made by the pounding power of crashing waves. "_Sea arches_" and "_sea stacks_" are also carved from these rocky cliffs. Sea waves carry on both erosional and depositional activities .The process of sea erosion is called marine erosion.
Province of Bari

**Bari** was a province in the region of Apulia in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Bari
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Bari
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Italy
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Apulia
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Bari
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 48
- **area total km2**: 5,138
- **population as of**: 2005
- **population total**: 1,594,109
- **population density km2**: 310
- **registration plate**: BA
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 70001-70100
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 080, 0883
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 072
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Vincenzo Divella
- **image map**: Bari posizione.png
- **image flag**: Flag of Metropolitan City of Bari.svg
- **image shield**: Provincia di Bari-Stemma.png
Province of Brindisi

**Brindisi** is a province in the region of Apulia in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Brindisi
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Brindisi
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Apulia
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Brindisi
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 20
- **area total km2**: 1,839
- **population as of**: 2001
- **population total**: 402,093
- **population density km2**: 219
- **registration plate**: BR
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 72012-72015, 72017-72018, 72020-72027, 72029
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 080, 0831
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 074
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Michele Errico
- **image map**: Brindisi posizione.png
- **image shield**: Provincia di Brindisi-Stemma.svg
Province of Foggia

**Foggia** is a province in the region of Apulia in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Foggia
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Foggia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Apulia
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Foggia
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 64
- **area total km2**: 7,190
- **population as of**: 2005
- **population total**: 686,856
- **population density km2**: 96
- **registration plate**: FG
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 71100
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 0881
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 071
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Carmine Stallone
- **image map**: Foggia posizione.png
- **image shield**: Provincia di Foggia-Stemma.svg
Province of Lecce

**Lecce** is a province in the region of Apulia in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Lecce
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Lecce
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Apulia
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Lecce
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 97
- **area total km2**: 2,759
- **population as of**: 2001
- **population total**: 787,639
- **population density km2**: 285
- **registration plate**: LE
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 73001-73100
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 0832, 0833, 0836
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 075
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Giovanni Pellegrino
- **image map**: Lecce posizione.png
- **image shield**: Coat of Arms of the Province of Lecce.svg
Province of Taranto

**Taranto** is a province in the region of Apulia in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Taranto
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Taranto
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Apulia
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Taranto
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 29
- **area total km2**: 2,437
- **population as of**: 2005
- **population total**: 580,588
- **population density km2**: 238
- **registration plate**: TA
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 74100
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 099
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 073
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Giovanni Florido
- **image map**: Taranto posizione.png
- **image flag**: Flag_of_the_Province_of_Taranto.svg
- **image shield**: Provincia di Taranto-Stemma.svg
Spurgeon's

**Spurgeon's** (it used to be called **Spurgeon's Child Care**) is a charity based in England. It has international projects in Mexico, Africa and Eastern Europe. Spurgeon's was founded in 1867 by Charles Spurgeon. He started it to care for fatherless boys. The first girls were accepted in 1879.

## History

Spurgeon's originally started as an orphanage. It was called Stockwell Orphanage, and was started by Spurgeon in 1867. It was located in what is now Stockwell Park Estate, in Stockwell, London. It opened on 9 September 1869, and was originally for boys only. The orphanage had places for 250 children to live. These children were fed, clothed and taught at the orphanage. This all cost about £5,000 each year. The money to pay for this mainly came from donations.

The orphanage was a home for boys without fathers between the ages of six and ten. Even though the orphanage was created by Baptists, boys of any religion were accepted there. In 1879, other buildings for children to live in were added to the orphanage. This allowed the orphanage to begin letting girls live there also.

Stockwell Orphanage was open until London was bombed in the Second World War. It later turned into Spurgeon's Child Care (and then into Spurgeon's). It is now mainly in England, but has international projects in Mexico, Africa and Eastern Europe.

## Other websites

- Official Spurgeon's website
- History of the Stockwell Orphanage
Mastodon

**Mastodons** or **Mastodonts** are extinct elephant-like animals of the genus _Mammut_ and the family Mammutidae. Mastodons became extinct about 11,000 years ago.

Mastodons, with mammoths, modern elephants and various older families, are members of the order Proboscidea. As adults they stood between 2.5 and 3 meters (8-10 feet) at the shoulder and weighed between 3500 and 5400 kilograms (4-6 tons).

Mastodons were browsers on leaves and branches, as shown by their molar teeth.

## Two species

_M. americanum_ was the American mastodon, and _M. pacificus_ was the Pacific mastodon. They are the youngest and best-known species of the genus. Mastodons disappeared from North America as part of a mass extinction of most of the Pleistocene megafauna.

## Recent discovery

Stone tools and bones from a butchered mastodon were found at the bottom of a river in Florida. After a four-year investigation, researchers decided that humans lived there and made a meal of a mastodon 14,550 years ago.

## Related pages

- Woolly mammoth
Lost Boys (novel)

***Lost Boys*** (1992) is the first horror novel written by Orson Scott Card.

## Related pages

- About the book _Lost Boys_ from Card's website

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Lost Boys
- **image caption**: First edition cover
- **author**: Orson Scott Card
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English Language, English
- **genre**: Horror fiction, Horror
- **publisher**: HarperCollins
- **pub date**: 1992
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover & Paperback)
- **pages**: 448 pp
- **isbn**: 0-060-16693-2
Isleham

|colspan=2 align=center bgcolor="#ff9999"|Isleham|
| --- | --- |
|OS Grid Reference:||
|Lat/Lon:||
|Population:|2347 (2001 Census)|
|Dwellings:|937 (2001 Census)|
|Formal status:|village|
|County:|Cambridgeshire|
|Region:|East Anglia|
|Nation:|England|
|Post town:|Ely|
|Postcode:|CB7|
|Dialling Code:|01638|

**Isleham** is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Cambridgeshire.

## Other websites

- 2001 Census
- Isleham Village Website
- The Rising Sun Isleham Website
- Isleham FC Website
River Lark

The **River Lark** is a river in England. It flows into the River Great Ouse.
Pastwatch: The Redemption of Christopher Columbus

***Pastwatch: The Redemption of Christopher Columbus*** (1996) is the first science fiction book in the Pastwatch series, and is written by Orson Scott Card. The book's story about the explorer named Christopher Columbus. Most of the book is about scientists who traveled back to the 1400s to change European meetings with the Americas.

## Translations

- **' ("The Redemption Of Christopher Columbus"), 1998
- **' ("The Redemption Of Christopher Columbus"), 1997

## Other websites

- About the book _The Redemption of Christopher Columbus_ from Card's website

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Pastwatch: the Redemption of Christopher Columbus
- **author**: Orson Scott Card
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **series**: Pastwatch series
- **genre**: Science fiction
- **publisher**: Tor Books
- **pub date**: 1996
- **media type**: Print (hardback & paperback)
- **pages**: 351
- **isbn**: 0-312-85058-1
- **dewey**: 813/.54 20
- **congress**: PS3553.A655 P37 1996
- **oclc**: 33277574
- **followed by**: Pastwatch: The Flood
New Park Street Chapel

The **New Park Street Chapel** was a Reformed Baptist church in Southwark, London. It was built in 1833. The Metropolitan Tabernacle at Elephant and Castle still worships there.

## Pastors both past & present

- William Rider, c1653-c1665 (12 yrs)
- Benjamin Keach, 1668-1704 (36 yrs)
- Benjamin Stinton, 1704-1718 (14 yrs)
- Dr. John Gill, 1720-1771 (51 yrs)
- Dr. John Rippon, 1773-1836 (63 years)
- Joseph Angus, 1837-1839 (2 yrs)
- James Smith, 1841-1850 (8 ½ yrs)
- William Walters, 1851-1853 (2 yrs)
- Charles Spurgeon, 1854-1892 (38 yrs)
- Arthur Tappan Pierson 1891-1893
- Thomas Spurgeon, 1893-1908 (15 yrs)
- Archibald G Brown, 1908-1911 (3 yrs)
- Dr. Amzi Clarence Dixon, 1911-1919 (8 years)
- Harry Tydeman Chilvers, 1919-1935 (15 ½ yrs)
- Dr. W Graham Scroggie, 1938-1943 (5 yrs)
- W G Channon, 1944-1949 (5 yrs)
- Gerald B Griffiths, 1951-1954 (3yrs)
- Eric W Hayden, 1956-1962 (6 yrs)
- Dennis Pascoe 1963-1969 (6 yrs)
- Dr. Peter Masters, 1970-present

## Other websites

- Metropolitan Tabernacle official site
- History page on official site
Exeter Hall

**Exeter Hall** was a hall on the north side of The Strand, London, England. It was built between 1829 and 1831. The hall could hold about 3,000 people. It was used for religious and philanthropic meetings.

## Other websites

- About the history and "passing of Exeter Hall"
William Jewell College

**William Jewell College** is a private, four-year Christian liberal arts college. It has around 1,274 undergraduate students. It is in Liberty, Missouri, United States

## Other websites

- William Jewell College website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: William Jewell College
- **image**: Jewell Quad 1 2008.jpg
- **caption**: Gano Chapel
- **motto lang**: Latin
- **established**: 1849
- **type**: Private
- **president**: David Sallee
- **undergrad**: 1,274
- **city**: Liberty, Missouri, Liberty
- **state**: Missouri
- **country**: United States
- **campus**: Suburban
- **athletics**: NAIA
- **nickname**: Cardinal (bird), Cardinals
- **mascot**: Cardinal
- **website**: [http://www.jewell.edu/ www.jewell.edu]
Liberty, Missouri

**Liberty** is a city in Clay County, Missouri. It is suburb of Kansas City, Missouri. At the 2020 census the city population was 30,167. It is the county seat of Clay County. Liberty is also home to William Jewell College.

## Other websites

- City of Liberty Web Site

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Liberty, Missouri
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: File:Liberty Courthouse.jpg
- **image caption**: Historic Clay County Courthouse in Liberty, Missouri
- **image map**: Clay_County_Missouri_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Liberty_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in the state of Missouri and in Clay County, Missouri, Clay County
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Missouri, County
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision name1**: Missouri
- **subdivision name2**: Clay County, Missouri, Clay
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: May 7, 1829 (as a town), 1851 (as a city)
- **government type**: Mayor-Council-Administrator
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total sq mi**: 29.16
- **area land sq mi**: 29.03
- **area water sq mi**: 0.13
- **area total km2**: 75.52
- **area land km2**: 75.19
- **area water km2**: 0.33
- **elevation ft**: 863
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 30167
- **population density sq mi**: 1039.09
- **population density km2**: 401.19
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 64068, 64069
- **area code**: Area code 816, 816
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2395700
- **unit pref**: Imperial
John 3:16

**John 3:16** (chapter 3, verse 16 of the Gospel of John) is a verse from the Christian Bible. It has been called the "Gospel in a nutshell." It is also thought to be one of the most important doctrines of Christianity.

|Translation|John 3:16|
| --- | --- |
|Greek|Οὕτως γὰρ ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν κόσμον, ὥστε τὸν υἱὸν τὸν μονογενῆ ἔδωκεν, ἵνα πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν μὴ ἀπόληται ἀλλ᾽ ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον.|
|Vulgate (Latin)|Sic enim Deus dilexit mundum, ut Filium suum unigenitum daret: ut omnis qui credit in eum, non pereat, sed habeat vitam æternam.|
|Wycliffe's Bible|For God louede so the world that he ȝaf his oon bigetun sone, that ech man that beliueth in him perische not, but haue euerlastynge lijf.|
|Tyndale Bible|For God so loveth the world, that he hath given his only son, that none that believe in him, should perish: but should have everlasting life.|
|Douay–Rheims Bible|For God so loved the world, as to give his only begotten Son; that whosoever believeth in him, may not perish, but may have life everlasting.|
|New King James Version|For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life.|
|New Revised Standard Version|For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but may have eternal life.|
|New American Standard Bible|For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.|
|English Standard Version|For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.|
|New International Version|For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.|
|New Living Translation|For this is how God loved the world: He gave his one and only Son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life.|
|New English Translation|For this is the way God loved the world: He gave his one and only Son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life.|
|Christian Standard Bible|For God loved the world in this way: He gave his one and only Son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life.|
Le Chatelier's principle

**Le Châtelier's principle** is a principle used in Chemistry and Physics to describe how a system at equilibrium reacts to external changes.

## Overview

It is used to show how the point of equilibrium of a system will move to oppose a change in the conditions of the system, following Newton's third law. This is most commonly seen in reversible reactions in chemistry, where a chemical reaction has reached a point where the formation of products happens at the same rate the products decay back into reactants. This principle can then be used to increase the amount of desired products made by moving equilibrium towards that side in chemical industries.

### Concentration

If the concentration of reactants in a reaction increases, the point of equilibrium moves towards the products as this gets rid of the excess reactants and cancels the change. Similarly, if the concentration of products increases, the equilibrium moves towards the reactants.

### Pressure

If the pressure of a system increases, the point of equilibrium will shift to the side with less moles, as that side will occupy less volume and therefore will reduce the pressure.

### Temperature

If the temperature of a system is increased, the point of equilibrium moves towards whichever side is more endothermic as this will take in the excess energy as part of the products and so cancels the change of increased temperature.

### Electromagnetism

This principle is also shown by Lenz's law, which states that a changing magnetic flux will produce an opposing magnetic flux (and therefore a magnetic and electric field) in any nearby metals. This will then produce a second current in the nearby metal in the opposite direction to the original current.

## Other websites

- Le Chatelier's principle
- Lenz's law
Continental United States

The **continental United States** is the area of the United States that is located in the continent of North America. It includes 49 of the 50 U.S. states (48 of which are located south of Canada and north of Mexico, known as the "lower 48 states," the other being Alaska) and the District of Columbia, which contains the federal capital, Washington, D.C. The only state that is excluded is Hawaii, which is a state consisting of islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not part of North America but rather, Oceania.

"On May 14, 1959, the U.S. Board on Geographic Names issued the following definitions based partially on the reference in the Alaska Omnibus Bill, which defined the Continental United States as "the 49 States on the North American Continent and the District of Columbia..." The Board reaffirmed those definitions on May 13, 1999."

Some sources incorrectly mix up the "continental United States" with the "contiguous United States," which consists simply of the lower 48 states and the District of Columbia). The contiguous United States, also known as the "United States Mainland" does not include Alaska, Hawaii, or any other territory under the control of the United States.

Alaska is unique among the U.S. states since it is part of the North America since it is attached via Canada. That makes it part of the "continental United States". However, Alaska is not part of the "contiguous United States" because it is not attached directly to the lower 48 states.
Bible Belt

The **Bible Belt** is term for a part of the United States in which many people believe in conservative Evangelical Protestantism. This makes it a dominant part of the culture. The Bible Belt is mainly located in the Southern United States.
British people

**Britons**, **British people**, or **the British** are people from Britain – either from the United Kingdom or the island of Great Britain. In history, the people of the British Empire, and later the British Commonwealth, were also named British or Britons.

The first people to be named Britons were the people of ancient Britain, the ancient Britons. The ancient Romans named the people of Britain in . People from Roman Britain called themselves in . Bede used the spelling in , the spelling of which was possibly learned from the Old English word of the same meaning.

Originally, the word Briton in the English language meant a person from one of the Brythonic languages-speaking peoples in Great Britain and northern France: mostly the people of Strathclyde, Wales, Cornwall, and Brittany. This meaning of the word was used in Middle English from the 13th century and after. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Briton could also be a name for Welsh people.

The use of Britons to mean all the people of Britain was not common in the English language before the early 18th century. It became more usual after the Acts of Union 1707 joined together the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The word Briton was frequently used in the 18th and 19th centuries with the suggestion of "qualities of bravery and fortitude". The rare word "Britoness" was sometimes used in the past for women from Britain. Famous British scientists like Stephen hawking and Isaac newton are known for influencing the world.

## Citizenship

To become a naturalised British citizen, many different things must be considered. Unlike some countries, a person is not a citizen of Britain just because they were born there. When they were born and the citizenship status of thieir parents can affect if the can be a citizen. Other things that may affect being a citizen of Britain include being married to a British citizen, having indefinite leave to remain (ILR) and then living in the UK for 12 months or if the person had "settled status".

Other things that may let a person apply for citizenship include having a British parent, being a citizen of another British country, not being a citizen of any country or having been a citizen in the past but giving up that citizenship. A person may also be able to apply if their parents came to the UK before 1973 and that person was also born in the UK or moved to it before they were 18. They must also have not moved away from the UK for more than two years.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: British people
- **population**:
- **region10**: British Overseas Territories
- **pop14**: 200,000
- **pop18**: 52,000
- **languages**: * **English language, English**

* Cornish language, Cornish
* Guernésiais
* Irish language, Irisha
* Jèrriais
* Llanito
* Manx language, Manx
* Welsh language, Welsh
*
*
* Immigrant languages
- **pop40**: 1,198
Scissor-tailed flycatcher

The **scissor-tailed flycatcher** (_Tyrannus forficatus_), also known as the **Texas bird-of-paradise** and **swallow-tailed flycatcher**, is a type of bird that lives in North America, in the United States and Mexico. It eats insects.  It is grey on top and light grey underneath with pink on the sides.  The wings are dark and it has a long black tail.  It is named "scissor-tailed" because its tail looks like a pair of scissors.  The tail is shorter when it is young, and the bird is not as colorful.

The scissor-tailed flycatcher is closely related to the kingbirds. It is also the state bird of Oklahoma. The common name is derived from its former Latin name-Muscivoria forficata, meaning "flying"-"scissors" and "to devour."  In Oklahoma, scissortails can be found on open prairies, along tree-lined roads, and along roadsides perched on fences, limbs and in isolated trees.  They consume a great number of grasshoppers, crickets, spiders, and other ground-dwelling insects  making them economically important and popular with farmers and ranchers.

Soon after the birds arrive in the state, the males begin their famous "sky dance," a popular site along roadsides during spring and early summer. After climbing about 100 feet in the air, the male makes a series of V-shaped flights, then plunges down in an erratic zigzag course often somersaulting  while uttering a rolling, cackling call.  The performance has been described as "an aerial ballet of incomparable grace." Nesting usually takes place in an isolated tree 7–30 feet  above ground. Often two broods of 4-6 each are raised during the summer.

Scissor-tailed flycatchers are easily identified by their long scissor-like tail, which may reach nine inches in length.  During flight the bird opens its tail like a pair of scissors and folds or closes the "scissors" when perching. The nape of its neck and its back are pearl gray, and the breast is white. Wings are sooty black with a touch of scarlet at the shoulders. The principal threat to scissortails is poaching.  A great number of birds have been killed by poachers who wanted only the bird's tail.
Eastern redbud

***Cercis canadensis*** L. (also known as the **eastern redbud**) is a large shrub or small tree native to eastern North America from southern Ontario, Canada south to northern Florida, United States. The tree is also the state tree of Oklahoma.
Black Mesa

**Black Mesa** is a mountain in Oklahoma. It is the highest point in the state.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Black Mesa
- **photo**: Black Mesa, Oklahoma high point.jpg
- **elevation**: 5,700 feet (4,963 feet in Oklahoma, the highest point in that state)
- **location**: Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, United States
- **topo**: United States Geological Survey, USGS Jacks Gap
- **type**: Mesa
- **easiest route**: hike
Exit

**EXIT** or **exit** (lat. _exit_ "he/she leaves", pl. _exeunt_) may mean:

- Exit, denoting a way out of a building, city, or place
- Emergency exit, or fire exit, used in case of an emergency
- Exit ramp, or slip road, used to leave an expressway or motorway
- Exit procedure, or exit interview, related to the termination of an employee
- Exit plan, commonly used to describe a plan for business owners to divest themselves of their business, or the planning for the termination of an operation
- Exit sign, indicating a point of egress

- Computing
- Exit (operating system), a system call to terminate a running program, process, task, or thread
- Exit (command), a termination command in UNIX, DOS, OS/2 and Microsoft Windows
- User exit, a predefined replaceable procedure in a software package

- Popular music
- EXIT (festival), a music festival in Serbia
- "Exit" (song), a song from U2's album _The Joshua Tree_
- _Exit_ (Tangerine Dream album), a 1981 album from the German band, Tangerine Dream
- _Exit_ (k-os album), a 2002 album from Canadian musician k-os
- Exit Records, a record label

- Arts and entertainment
- Exit, a theatrical term instructing an actor to leave the scene
- EXIT (performance art group), a performance art group in the 1970s
- Exit (comic), a French comic by Bernard Werber and Alain Mounier
- Exit (video game), a video game for the PSP, Xbox Live Arcade and Nintendo DS

- Politics
- Exit (group), three European organisations helping young people to leave the neo-Nazi scene
- EXIT (Australia), a pro-euthanasia group in Australia and other countries
- EXIT (Scotland), a pro-euthanasia group based in Scotland

## Related pages

- Quit (disambiguation)
Province of Padua

**Padua** () is a province in the region of Veneto in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Padua
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Padua
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Italy
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Veneto
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Padua
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 104
- **area total km2**: 2,142
- **population as of**: 2001
- **population total**: 849,857
- **population density km2**: 397
- **registration plate**: PD
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 35010-35032, 35034-35038, 35040-35048
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 049, 0425, 0429
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 028
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Vittorio Casarin
- **image map**: Padova posizione.png
Oded Fehr

**Oded Fehr** (; born 23 November 1970 in Tel Aviv) is an Israeli film and television actor. He acted in _The Mummy_.
Province of Venice

**Venice** () was a province in the region of Veneto in Italy.

## Infobox (province)

- **name**: Province of Venice
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Italy, Province
- **native name**: Venice
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Italy
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Italy, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Veneto
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Venice
- **blank name sec1**: No. of communes
- **blank info sec1**: 44
- **area total km2**: 2,467
- **population as of**: 2005
- **population total**: 829,418
- **population density km2**: 336
- **registration plate**: VE
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 30010, 30014-30016, 30020-30039
- **postal2 code type**: Telephone prefix
- **postal2 code**: 041, 049, 0421, 0422, 0426, 0431
- **area code type**: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT
- **area code**: 027
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Davide Zoggia
- **image map**: Venezia posizione.svg
- **image shield**: Provincia di Venezia-Stemma.svg
Irritator

***Irritator*** (say: _irr-irr-it-at-or_) is a genus of spinosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in what is now Brazil, in the Lower Cretaceous. Its fossils are known from the Romualdo Formation.

_Irritator_ had straight and cone-shaped teeth. Its jaws were low, long and slender, with the nostrils placed well back from the front of the snout (all consistent with fish-eating). _Irritator_ also had a narrow crest made of nasal bones on top of the skull. _Irritator_<nowiki/>'s name comes from the English word "Irritation". It was given its name due to the feelings of the scientists who described it when they found that fossil dealers had added plaster to the front of the snout.
Kate Hudson

**Kate Garry Hudson** (born April 19, 1979) is an American actress, movie director, screenwriter and producer. In 2001 she won Golden Globe for this role in _Almost Famous_ and was nominated for Oscar, but Marcia Gay Harden won.

## Biography

Kate is the younger child of musician Bill Hudson and Oscar-winning actress Goldie Hawn who were divorced in 1980. She has one older brother, Oliver Hudson. She also has one half-brother and three half-sisters.

## Career

Kate began a career as an actress in 1996.

In 2000 she played Penny Lane in _Almost Famous_ and won a Golden Globe for this role. She was also nominated for an Oscar for this role, but Marcia Gay Harden won.

She is also a movie director, screenwriter and producer.

## Personal life

From 2000 to 2007 she was married to musician Chris Robinson. They had one child, Ryder Russell Robinson (born on January 4, 2004).

She has been in a relationship with musician Matthew Bellamy since 2010.  They have one child, Bingham Hawn Bellamy (born on July 9, 2011).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kate Hudson
- **image**: Kate Hudson (8033413872) (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Hudson in 2012
- **birth name**: Kate Garry Hudson
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **known for**: Movie _Almost Famous_
- **occupation**: Actress, movie director, screenwriter, producer
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **spouse**: Chris Robinson (singer), Chris Robinson
<small>(m.2000-2007; 1 child)</small>
- **partner**: Matthew Bellamy
<small>(d.2010-present; 1 child)</small>
- **children**: 3
- **parents**: Bill Hudson (singer), Bill Hudson
Goldie Hawn
- **relatives**: Oliver Hudson (brother)
Wyatt Russell (half-brother)
Petroleum product

A **petroleum product** is an organic compound  made in oil refineries. They result from _refining_ (changing) crude oil (also called _Petroleum_) into more useful products.

Well-known petroleum products include:

- fuels
    - Gasoline
    - Diesel fuel
    - Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
    - fuel oil
    - Kerosene
- Asphalt (mainly used in asphalt concrete)
- Paraffin wax
- Tar

In addition, oil-refineries also sell other things that come from the refining process, most notably
- Propane and other gases
- Sulfur (and Sulfuric acid)
- Lubricants for machines with moving parts
- Different kind of industrial waxes

Some Petrochemicals, including plastics, are made from petroleum products.
Thomas Spurgeon

**Thomas Spurgeon** (20 September 1856–October 1917) was a British Reformed Baptist preacher. He was the pastor of the Metropolitan Tabernacle. He was one of two non-identical twin sons of the famous Charles Haddon Spurgeon (1834-1892).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Thomas Spurgeon
- **image**: Thomas Spurgeon.jpg
- **image size**: 175px
- **birth place**: London, England
- **occupation**: pastor
- **parents**: Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Charles & Susannah Spurgeon
- **nationality**: United Kingdom, British