juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rise (Katy Perry song)

**Rise**" is a song co-written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Katy Perry.  The song was released on July 14, 2016.  It was used in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.  She released the song because "[she] was inspired to finish it now, rather than save it for [her] next album, because now more than ever, there is a need for our world to unite."

"Rise" has topped the iTunes charts of over 25 countries worldwide, including the U.S., UK, Canada, and Australia.  The song entered the Australian ARIA Singles Chart at number 1 and reached number 3 in Scotland.  The song reached the top 20 in the US and Canada.  On October 17, 2017, the song was certified platinum in the US.

## Music video

One music video for the song features Olympic athletes practicing for the Games.  However, an official video was released and shows Perry climbing through different terrains with a red parachute.

## Reception

Critics have said that the song was powerful and uplifting but received mixed reviews.  Daniel Kreps from _Rolling Stone_ called producer Max Martin an "extraordinaire," while Brandon Caldwell from the _Houston Press_ said that the song "just doesn’t fit the template of inspirational, fiery and get America ready to beat the rest of the world in sporting competitions. It just doesn’t fit the Olympics. Now, in terms of beating world issues? 'Rise' may have something there."

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from Qobuz.

- Katy Perry – lead vocals, backing vocals, songwriter
- Max Martin – producer, songwriter, backing vocals, programming, strings, trumpet
- Ali Payami – producer, songwriter, drums, electric bass, guitar, horn, keyboards, percussion, programming, strings
- Savan Kotecha – songwriter
- Sam Holland – recording engineer
- Jeremy Lertola – assistant recording engineer
- Cory Bice – assistant recording engineer
- Serban Ghenea – mixer
- John Hanes – mix engineer

## Formats and track listings

- **Digital download**
1. "Rise" – 3:23

- **CD**
1. "Rise" – 3:23
1. "Rise" (instrumental) – 3:23

- **Digital download (remixes)**
1. "Rise" (Purity Ring remix) – 3:32
1. "Rise" (Monsieur Adi radio edit) – 4:01
1. "Rise" (Tālā remix) – 3:18

## References

Songwriting credits from iTunes metadata.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Rise
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Katy Perry
- **released**: July 14, 2016
- **studio**: * MXM Studios (Stockholm, Sweden)
* MXM Studios (Los Angeles, California)
- **genre**: Electronic music, Electronic
- **length**: 3:23
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **prev title**: This Is How We Do
- **prev year**: 2014
- **next title**: Chained to the Rhythm
- **next year**: 2017
Time in China

China has one time zone.
It is officially called **China Standard Time (CST)**.
It is 8 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+08:00).
There is no daylight saving time.

## Use

The capital of China is Beijing.
It is at about 116° east.
The solar time zone for Beijing is UTC+7:45:32.
The time zone UTC+08:00 matches the solar time zone for 120° east.
The complete hour UTC+08:00 is a compromise to be compatible to other time zones on earth.

Because Beijing is the capital, and the UTC+08:00 time zone is about right for the capital’s location, people usually call China Standard Time, , in English **Beijing Standard Time (BJT)**.

Xinjiang unofficially uses UTC+06:00.
Many locations north and south of Xinjiang use this time zone.
However, the main population, the Uyghur people, also use the time zone as a political statement, to express disagreement with the central government in Beijing.

The UTC+08:00 time zone is also used in Taiwan.
However, because of political reasons it is usually called _Taipei Time_ or _Taiwan Time_.
Similarly, in Hong Kong the time zone is called _Hong Kong Time_.

## Changes

- China was founded in 1949. Before 1949 there were 5 time zones. Geographically, China is in almost 5 time zones.
- Daylight saving time was removed in 1992.

## Criticism

Some people say that (except for 112 – 128° E) the usage of UTC+08:00 was harmful.
China should have five time zones.
The country’s west, especially in Xinjiang, see sunrise as late as 10 a.m. CST, making children go to school in the dark, and sunsets in the summer as late as midnight.

## Sources

</references>
2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt

A coup d'état attempt took place in Turkey on 15 July 2016, when a group of people tried to take over the government because they disagreed with the way the president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, was running the country. It is believed that most of these people were from the Turkish Army. Over 100 people were killed and over 1,000 injured. Thousands of soldiers were arrested because they joined the rebellion or for other reasons. Hundreds fled to Greece or other foreign countries. Thousands of teachers, judges and other government employees were fired in the 2016 Turkish purges because of claims.
Rapperswil, Bern

**Rapperswil** is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is  north of the capital Bern.  On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Ruppoldsried merged into Rapperswil.  On 1 January 2016, the former municipality of Bangerten merged into Rapperswil.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rapperswil
- **municipality name**: Rapperswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rapperswil BE official COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rapperswil BE.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Seeland (administrative district), Seeland
- **postal code**: 3251, 3255, 3256
- **municipality code**: 0310
- **area**: 18.2
- **elevation**: 521
- **population**: 2420
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: www.rapperswil-be.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bangerten, Deisswil bei Münchenbuchsee, Grossaffoltern, Messen (SO), Münchenbuchsee, Ruppoldsried, Scheunen, Schüpfen, Wengi, Zuzwil, Bern, Zuzwil
Army of Mississippi

The **Army of Mississippi** (also called the **Confederate Army of the Mississippi**) was a Confederate army during the American Civil War. It should not be confused with the Union Army of the Mississippi. It was formed on March 29, 1862. The commander was Full General Albert Sidney Johnston with Full General P. G. T. Beauregard as second-in-command. After Johnston's death at the Battle of Shiloh, Beauregard took over. After that there were a series of commanders. In November 1862, the Army of Mississippi was renamed the Army of Tennessee. The second army called the Army of Mississippi was created in December 1862, under Lieutenant general John C. Pemberton. This army had a confusing number of additional names. The II corps, under Major general Sterling Price was called the "Army of West Tennessee". It was also called the Army of the West. When both corps (I corps and II corps) were changed into divisions in January 1863, they dropped the name Army of Mississippi. Leonidas Polk had commanded I corps. In May 1864, Polk's troops joined with Joseph E. Johnston's Army of Tennessee to form the third Army of Mississippi. Polk was killed in June 1862 after which the army was simply called Alexander P. Stewart's corps.
Holding company

A **Holding company** is a company, which has the purpose of owning stock  (or shares) of other companies. In most cases, such companies do not sell products or services, they manage the companies they (partly) own. Probably one of the best known holding companies was the "Standard Oil of New Jersey", founded in 1889, which is called ExxonMobil today.
In general, there are three forms:
1. the holding company owns stock/shares of other companies; activities are limited to managing the companies.
1. in addition to the above, the companies have a common management, which take the strategic decisions.
1. in addition to item 1, the management influences the distribution of capital to its daughter companies. The holding is mainly used for managing financial resources.
Confolens

**Confolens** () is a commune in southwestern France. Confolens is the administrative centre of a largely rural area, which has had an important growth of tourism in recent years.

It is one of the two subprefectures of the Charente department and the capital of the  canton of  Charente-Vienne.

## History

On 1 January 2016, the former _commune_ Saint-Germain-de-Confolens was merged with the _commune_ of Confolens.

## Geography

Confolens is at the confluence of the Vienne and Goire rivers. The name of this place comes from the Latin word _confluens_ that means "confluence".

The city is at  from Angoulême,  from Limoges and  from Poitiers, the three largest cities that are closest to Confolens.

It has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The _communes_ that are around Confolens are Brillac, Esse, Saint-Maurice-des-Lions, Ansac-sur-Vienne, Hiesse and Lessac.

### Climate

The climate of Confolens, in the Köppen climate classification, is **Cfb** - Oceanic climate with template summers.

## Population

With a population of 2,721, Confolens has a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

The inhabitants of Confolens are known, in French, as _Confolentais_ (women: _Confolentaises_).

## Administration

Confolens is a subprefecture of the Charente department since 1800. It is also the capital of the canton of Charente-Vienne.

## People from Confolens

- Émile Roux (1853-1933), a medical doctor and bacteriologist who was a close collaborator of Louis Pasteur.

## Twin cities

Confolens is a twin town of:
- Pitlochry, Scotland, since 2007
- Georgenthal, Germany, since 2007

## Related pages

- Arrondissement of Confolens
- Communes of the Charente department

## Other websites

- Ville de Confolens - official website

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Confolens
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Confolens (Charente).svg
- **image**: Confolens vue.JPG
- **caption**: View of Confolens from the Sainte-Catherine hill
- **arrondissement**: Confolens
- **canton**: Charente-Vienne
- **intercommunality**: Confolentais
- **mayor**: Jean-Noël Dupré
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **elevation m**: 152
- **elevation min m**: 127
- **elevation max m**: 222
- **area km2**: 23.63
- **population demonym**: Confolentais
- **population**: 2721
- **population date**: 2013
- **insee**: 16106
- **postal code**: 16500
- **website**: [http://www.mairie-confolens.fr/ www.mairie-confolens.fr]
Bluebird

The **bluebirds** are a group of medium-sized, mostly insectivorous or omnivorous Passerine birds. They are in the genus _Sialia_ of the thrush family (Turdidae).

Bluebirds are one of the few thrush genera in the Americas. They have blue, or blue and rose beige, plumage. Female birds are less brightly colored than males, although color patterns are similar and there is no noticeable difference in size between the two sexes.

Bluebirds are territorial and prefer open grassland with scattered trees. Predators of young bluebirds in the nests may include snakes, cats, and raccoons. Bird species competing with bluebirds for nesting locations include the common starling, American crow, and house sparrows. House sparrows take over the nesting sites of bluebirds, killing young, smashing eggs, and probably killing adult bluebirds.

Bluebirds species include:

- Eastern bluebird, _Sialia sialis_
- Western bluebird, _Sialia mexicana_
- Mountain bluebird, _Sialia currucoides_
Lemon Tree (Fool's Garden song)

"**Lemon Tree**" is a 1995 song by indie rock band Fools Garden. It became a major hit in Europe and Asia. The song is about a person's depressions and his miserable mind.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Lemon Tree
- **caption**: Song about depression and artist's mental blockade who doesn't allows him to be happy
- **artist**: Fool's Garden
- **album**: Dish of the Day (album), Dish of the Day
- **b-side**: "Finally"
- **released**: April 1995 (USA)
 October 1995 (UK and Europe)
July 1996 (Europe re-issue)
- **recorded**: 1994
- **genre**: Pop music, baroque pop, Britpop
- **length**: 3:11
- **label**: Electrola, Intercord
- **writer**: Peter Freudenthaler,
 Volker Hinkel
- **producer**: Peter Freudenthaler,
Volker Hinkel, Bernd Hasebrink,
Thomas Mangold, Roland Röhl,
Ralf Wochele
- **prev title**: Wild Days
- **prev year**: 1994
- **next title**: Wild Days#1996 re-release track listing, Wild Days
- **next year**: 1996
Corps

A **corps** is a military unit usually made up of two or more divisions. In the United States Army, a corps is the largest tactical unit that can plan and carry out its own missions. The term can also be applied to a military unit with a specific function such as a Quartermaster Corps or an Intelligence Corps. It can be applied to a branch of a military such as the United States Marine Corps. It can also mean a body of officers such as a Cadet Corps. The word has other uses. A group of people engaged in the same work can be called a corps. An example is the Peace Corps. The word comes from the Old French _cors_ meaning "body, person, corpse, life". That word, in turn, is based on the Latin word _corpus_ meaning "body".
Carnivorous fungus

**Carnivourous fungi** are fungi that get some of their nutrients from trapping animals. These animals are microscopic, or very small. Over two hundred species are known.

Two basic trapping mechanisms have been observed in carnivorous fungi that are predatory on nematodes:
- constricting rings (active traps)
- adhesive structures (passive traps)

## References

- Hauser, J.T. 1985.   _Carnivorous Plant Newsletter_ **14**(1): 8-11. [reprinted from Carolina Tips, Carolina Biological Supply Company]

## Other websites

- Nematode Destroying Fungi
Army of the Mississippi

**Army of the Mississippi** was the name given to two Union armies during the American Civil War. Both operated around the Mississippi River and both were active for only a short time.

## First use

The first army was created on February 23, 1862. It was commanded by Major general John Pope. Pope's orders were to clear Confederate troops along the Mississippi River so the Union army could move through the area. On February 28, 1862, General Pope began to move against New Madrid, Missouri. The Army then fought at the Battle of Island Number Ten. The army next fought at the Siege of Corinth. After the capture of Corinth Pope was sent east to command the Army of Virginia. Major general William S. Rosecrans assumed command of the Army of the Mississippi. The army fought at the Battle of Iuka followed by the Second Battle of Corinth. His commanding officer, Ulysses S. Grant, was unhappy with his failure to go after the retreating Confederates after the Battle of Corinth. In October, 1862, Rosecrans was transferred to command the Army of the Ohio and the Army of the Mississippi was disbanded.

## Second use

In 1863 Major general John Alexander McClernand was put in command of the expedition against the Confederates down the Mississippi.  He was given command of two corps from the Army of the Tennessee. McClernand named his force the "Army of the Mississippi". McClernand was successful in capturing Arkansas Post but he acted without orders. On January 30, 1863, Grant personally took command of the army. The old XIII Corps and XV Corps were returned to the Army of the Tennessee on January 12, 1863.
Hugo Niebeling

**Hugo Niebeling** (2 February 1931 – 9 July 2016) was a German movie director and producer.

He was known for his work on industrial and music movies. He is thought to be one of the most important figures of these genres in Germany. His work has been said helped create the modern music video. His feature-movie documentary _Alvorada_ was nominated for an Academy Award in 1963.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hugo Niebeling
- **image**: HugoNiebelingFotoAlexanderTuschinski.jpg
- **caption**: Hugo Niebeling in December 2014.
- **birth place**: Düsseldorf, Germany
- **death place**: Hilden, Germany
- **occupation**: Film director
Film producer
- **years active**: 1956 – 2016
- **awards**: See list of awards in the article.
Erny Brenner

**Erny Brenner** (13 September 1931 – 9 July 2016) was a Luxembourgian association football player. He was a member of the Luxembourg national football team from 1955 to 1965. He was born in Dudelange, Luxembourg.

Brenner died on 9 July 2016 in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, aged 84.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Erny Brenner
- **fullname**: Erny Brenner
- **caption**: Brenner (back row, third from left) lining up for Luxembourg national football team, Luxembourg before a game against the Netherlands national football team, Netherlands on 30 October 1963
- **birth place**: Dudelange, Luxembourg
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **clubs1**: Aris Bonnevoie
- **clubs2**: Stade Dudelange
- **years1**: 1950–1952
- **years2**: 1952–1971
- **nationalteam1**: Luxembourg national football team, Luxembourg
- **nationalyears1**: 1955–1965
- **nationalcaps1**: 14
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalteam-update**: 8 March 2012
Robert Burren Morgan

**Robert Burren Morgan** (October 5, 1925 – July 16, 2016) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was the United States Senator from the state of North Carolina. He served as senator for a single term from 1975 until 1981.

Morgan died of heart failure on July 16, 2016 at his home in Buies Creek, North Carolina, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Civil Rights Greensboro: Robert Morgan
- Robert Morgan Papers (#268), East Carolina Manuscript Collection, J. Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Robert Burren Morgan
- **nationality**: American
- **image name**: Sen Robert B Morgan.jpg
- **jr/sr1**: United States Senator
- **state1**: North Carolina
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **term start1**: January 3, 1975
- **term end1**: January 3, 1981
- **preceded1**: Sam Ervin
- **succeeded1**: John Porter East, John P. East
- **order2**: North Carolina Attorney General#List of Attorneys General of North Carolina, 43rd
- **office2**: Attorney General of North Carolina
- **term start2**: January 3, 1969
- **term end2**: August 26, 1974
- **predecessor2**: T. Wade Bruton
- **successor2**: James H. Carson, Jr.
- **office3**: Member of the North Carolina Senate
- **term3**: 1955–1969
- **birth place**: Lillington, North Carolina, Lillington, North Carolina
- **death place**: Buies Creek, North Carolina
Kazimieras Uoka

**Kazimieras Uoka** (4 March 1951 – 16 July 2016) was a Lithuanian politician. He signed the 1990 Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.

He was born in Kaunas. Uoka graduated from Vilnius University in 1976. He was a leader of the labor movement in the early years of the independence movement.

Uoka died on 16 July 2016 in Vilnius, aged 65.
Torpor

**Torpor** is a physiological state of the body. It occurs in some small warm-blooded animals when food is scarce.

Some animals have periods of torpor every day, including hummingbirds.
So do some small mammals, for example, rodent species (such as mice), and bats. Many small marsupials also have daily periods of torpor.

Torpor is a well controlled thermoregulatory process. It is not the result of switching off thermoregulation.

## Related pages

- Hibernation
- Dormancy
Moju Chowdhury Hat

**Moju Chowdhury Hat** or **Rahmat Khali** is a town and tourism in Lakshmipur Sadar Upazila of Lakshmipur District, in south-eastern Bangladesh. It is commonly known as **Moju Chowdhury Hat** but it used to be called Rahmat Khali. It was renamed _Moju Chowdhury_ in 1965. It is spelled as M.C.H. for short  (). This town is 12 km² south of Lakshmipur City. It is across the Meghna River from Bhola 38 km² to the southwest. Moju Chowdhury Hat is 76 km² east of Barisal. Moju Chowdhury Hat is itself municipality and a tourist destination. It is also a ransport hub for passengers from the Bhola Barisal Division and Chittagong Division, serving about four thousand people per day.

## History

Moju Chowdhury is named after a person.  Moju Chowdhury came to Rahmat Khali when it was still part of the Mughal Empire. Moju Chowdhury was the second of Pana Mia Hazi's four sons. He went to Lakshmipur Government Collage, where he studied landscapes.

## Geography

Moju Chowdhury Hat is located at  It has 145.56 households and a total area of 56.05 km².

## Related pages

- List of cities and towns in Bangladesh
- Divisions of Bangladesh
- Districts of Bangladesh
- Lakshmipur District

## Other websites

- Tourist Destination
- Travel guide & blogspot

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Moju Chowdhury Hat
- **settlement type**: Town
- **native name**: মজু চৌধুরীর হাট
- **nickname**: MCH
- **image skyline**: Moju chowdhury hat.jpg
- **image caption**: Moju Chowdhury Hat at Sunrise.
- **pushpin map**: Bangladesh
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Bangladesh
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Bangladesh
- **subdivision type1**: Division
- **subdivision name1**: Chittagong Division
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Lakshmipur District
- **subdivision type3**: Upazilas of Bangladesh, Upazila
- **subdivision name3**: Lakshmipur Sadar Upazila
- **timezone**: Bangladesh Standard Time, BST
- **utc offset**: +6
- **established title**: Established in
- **established date**: 1965
- **established title2**: Funded by Moju Chowdhury
- **established date2**: 1966
- **area total km2**: 145.18
- **elevation m**: 56.05
- **population total**: 42,000
- **population as of**: 2014
- **population density sq mi**: 145.18
- **postal code type**: postal code
- **postal code**: 3700
- **website**: [http://Charramonimohonup.lakshmipur.gov.bd/ Official Website of Moju Chowdhury Hat]
Fatshe leno la rona

"**Blessed Be This Noble Land**" is called "**Fatshe leno la rona**" () in the Tswana language. It is the national anthem of Botswana. Kgalemang Tumediso Motsete wrote the lyrics (words) and composed the music of this song in 1962. Four years later when the country got its independence from the United Kingdom, this anthem was adopted.

### Tswana version

|bgcolor="#68A9EE"|<div style="display:inline;color:#000000">**Setswana lyrics**</div>|bgcolor="#68A9EE"|<div style="display:inline;color:#000000">**Pronunciation**</div>|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|<poem>Fatshe leno la rona Ke mpho ya Modimo, Ke boswa jwa borraetsho; A le nne ka kagiso. <small>**Khorase:**</small> _Tsogang, tsogang! Banna, tsogang! Emang, basadi, emang, tlhagafalang! Re kopane le go direla Lefatshe la rona._ 'Ina lentle la tumo La tšhaba ya Botswana, Ka kutlwano le kagisano, E bopagantswe mmogo. <small>***Khorase***</small></poem>|<poem> /fatsʰɪ lɪnʊ la rʊna/ /kɪ mpʰʊ ja mʊdimʊ ǀ/ /kɪ bʊswa jwa bʊrraɪtsʰʊ ǀ/ /a lɪ nnɪ kɪ kaχisʊ ‖/ <small>**/kʰʊrasɪ/**</small> /tsʊχaŋ ǀ tsʊχaŋ ‖ banna ǀ tsʊχaŋ ‖/ /ɪmaŋ ǀ basadi ǀ ɪmaŋ ǀ tɬʰaχafalaŋ ‖/ /rɪ kʊpanɪ lɪ χʊ dirɪla/ /lɪfatsʰɪ la rʊna ‖/ /ina lɪntɬɪ la tumʊ/ /la tʃʰaba ja bʊtswana ǀ/ /ka kutɬwanʊ lɪ kaχisanʊ ǀ/ /ɪ bʊpaχantswɪ mmʊχʊ ‖/ <small>**/kʰʊrasɪ/**</small></poem>|||

### English version

- Blessed be this noble land,
- Gift to us from God's strong hand,
- Heritage our fathers left to us;
- May it always be at peace.

- <small>**Chorus:**</small>
    - _Awake, awake, O men, awake!_
    - _And women close beside them stand,_
    - _Together we'll work and serve_
    - _This land, this happy land!_

- Work of beauty and of fame,
- The name Botswana to us came
- Through our unity and harmony,
- We'll remain at peace as one.

- <small>***Chorus***</small>

## Infobox (anthem)

- **title**: Fatshe leno la rona
- **english title**: Blessed Be This Noble Land
- **prefix**: National
- **composer**: Kgalemang Tumediso Motsete
- **author**: Kgalemang Tumediso Motsete
- **adopted**: 1966
God Bless America

**"God Bless America"** is an American patriotic song. It was written by Irving Berlin in 1918. The song was revised in 1938. The latter was recorded by Kate Smith; it became her signature song.

In 1938, with the rise of Adolf Hitler, Berlin felt it was time to revive the song. On Armistice Day, 1938, Kate Smith performed the song on the radio.

The song is played at Major League Baseball games.

Céline Dion and LeAnn Rimes did cover versions of the song.
Cochineal

The **cochineal** (_Dactylopius_ _coccus_) is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the natural dye carmine is made.

The insect lives in tropical and subtropical South America, Mexico and Arizona. Its larvae eat cacti in the genus _Opuntia_, feeding on plant moisture and nutrients. These insects are found on the pads of prickly pear cacti, then are brushed off and dried.

The insect produces carminic acid, which deters predation by other insects. Carminic acid is extracted from the body and eggs, then mixed with aluminium or calcium salts to make carmine dye, also known as cochineal. Today, carmine is primarily used as a colorant in food and in lipstick.
Charente (river)

The **Charente** (Saintongeais: _Chérente_, ) is a river in southwestern France that flows through the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Two departments, Charente and Charente-Maritime, are named after the river.

It rises in the Massif Central and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Rochefort.

## Geography

The Charente river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

### Course

The Charente river starts in western Massif Central, in the _commune_ of Chéronnac, Haute-Vienne department,  at an elevation of about . It flows to the northwest for about  and then flows through the north of the Charente department.

The river keeps flowing to the northwest and gets into the Vienne department. After the _commune_ of Civray, the river turns to the southwest and gets back into the Charente department. After Angoulême, the river turns west and, after  Cognac, to the northwest.

Finally, the river flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Rochefort.

The river is navigable (it is deep, wide and slow enough for a ship to pass), mainly with  recreational boats from Angoulême to its mouth.

The Charente flows through 4 departments and 120 _communes_, all in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region:
- Haute-Vienne: three _communes_.
- Vienne: ten _communes_ and the cities Charroux and Civray.
- Charente: 78 _communes_  and the cities Gond-Pontouvre, Angoulême, Châteauneuf-sur-Charente, Jarnac and Cognac.
- Charente-Maritime: 35 _communes_ and the cities Saintes, Tonnay-Charente et Rochefort.

## Main tributaries

The main tributaries of the Charente river are:

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Other websites

- Banque Hydro - Station R5200010 - La Charente à Chaniers
- Dictionnaire des canaux et rivières de France - Rivière Charente
- Site web officiel du Site Natura 2000 FR5400-472 "Moyenne vallée de la Charente, Seugne et Coran"

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Charente
- **image**: Charente à Tonnay.jpg
- **image caption**: The Charente in Tonnay-Charente
- **map**: La Charente et ses affluents principaux.png
- **map caption**: The Charente and its main tributaries
- **source1 location**: Haute-Vienne
- **mouth location**: Atlantic Ocean
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Nate Thurmond

**Nathaniel "Nate" Thurmond** (July 25, 1941 – July 16, 2016) was an American basketball player. He spent the majority of his 14-year career in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with the Golden State Warriors. He played the center and power forward positions.

Thurmond was a seven-time All-Star and the first player in NBA history to record an official quadruple-double. Thurmond was named both a member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History.

He was known to fans as "Nate the Great", Thurmond has had his No. 42 jersey retired by both the Golden State Warriors and the Cleveland Cavaliers.

Thurmond died at the age of 74 on July 16, 2016 after a short battle with leukemia in San Francisco.

## Infobox (basketball biography)

- **name**: Nate Thurmond
- **image**: Nate Thurmond 1969.jpeg
- **caption**: Thurmond with the Warriors in 1969
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 11
- **weight lb**: 235
- **birth place**: Akron, Ohio
- **death place**: San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- **nationality**: American
- **high school**: National Inventors Hall of Fame STEM High School, Central (Akron, Ohio)
- **college**: Bowling Green Falcons men's basketball, Bowling Green (1960–1963)
- **draft round**: 1
- **draft pick**: 3
- **draft year**: 1963
- **draft team**: Golden State Warriors, San Francisco Warriors
- **career position**: Power forward (basketball), Power forward / Center (basketball), Center
- **career number**: 42
- **career start**: 1963
- **career end**: 1977
- **years1**: –
- **team1**: Golden State Warriors, San Francisco / Golden State Warriors
- **years2**: –
- **team2**: Chicago Bulls
- **years3**: –
- **team3**: Cleveland Cavaliers
- **highlights**: * 7× List of NBA All-Stars, NBA All-Star (–, , , )
* 2× NBA All-Defensive Team, NBA All-Defensive First Team (, )
* 3× NBA All-Defensive Second Team (–)
* NBA All-Rookie Team, NBA All-Rookie First Team ()
* 50 Greatest Players in NBA History, NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team
* No. 42 retired by the Golden State Warriors#Retired numbers, Golden State Warriors
* No. 42 retired by the Cleveland Cavaliers#Retired numbers, Cleveland Cavaliers
* Consensus second-team NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans, All-American (1963 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans, 1963)
* 3× First-team All-Mid-American Conference, MAC (1961–1963)
- **stat1label**: Point (basketball), Points
- **stat1value**: 14,437 (15.0 ppg)
- **stat2label**: Rebound (basketball), Rebounds
- **stat2value**: 14,464 (15.0 rpg)
- **stat3label**: Assist (basketball), Assists
- **stat3value**: 2,575 (2.7 apg)
- **bbr**: thurmna01
- **letter**: t
- **hof player**: nate-thurmond
- **cbbaskhof year**: 2006
Bloeme Evers-Emden

**Bloeme Evers-Emden** (; 26 July 1927 – 18 July 2016) was a Jewish-Dutch academic and child psychologist. She researched the phenomenon of "hidden children" during World War II and wrote four books on the subject in the 1990s.

Her interest in the topic grew out of her own experiences during World War II, when she was forced to go into hiding from the Nazis and was arrested and deported to Auschwitz on the last transport leaving the Westerbork transit camp on 3 September 1944. Together with her on the train were Anne Frank and her family, whom she had known in Amsterdam. She was freed on 8 May 1945.

She wrote columns for the Jewish weekly _Nieuw Israëlietisch Weekblad_.

## References

- Portrait of Bloeme Emden with a Jewish star, circa 1942
- Oral history interview with Bloeme Evers-Emden (1999) at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Bloeme Evers-Emden
- **birth name**: Bloeme Evers
- **birth date**: 5 July 1927
- **birth place**: Amsterdam, Netherlands
- **death date**: 18 July 2016 (aged 89)
- **death place**: Herzliya, Israel
- **resting place**: Israel
- **occupation**: Academic, child psychologist
- **language**: Dutch
- **nationality**: Dutch
- **subject**: Hidden children of World War II
- **notableworks**: _Geleende Kinderen_ (Borrowed Children)
_Ondergedoken Geweest, Een Afgesloten Verleden?_ (Hidden During the War: A Closed-Off Past?)
_Geschonden Bestaan_ (Shattered Existence)
_Je ouders delen_ (Sharing Your Parents)
- **spouse**: Hans Evers
- **children**: Raphael Evers
- **awards**: Order of Orange-Nassau, Orde van Oranje-Nassau
Qandeel Baloch

**Fouzia Azeem** (; March 1, 1990 – July 15, 2016), better known by the name **Qandeel Baloch** (), was a Pakistani model, actress, feminist activist and social media celebrity. Baloch became famous due to her videos discussing her daily routine and many controversial issues.

## Career

Baloch first received recognition from the media in 2013, when she auditioned for _Pakistan Idol_; her audition went viral and she became an Internet celebrity. She was one of the top 10 most searched for persons on the internet in Pakistan and both celebrated and criticized for her videos and posts.

## Death

On July 15, 2016, Baloch was strangled while she was asleep in her parents' house in Multan. Her brother Waseem confessed to the murder saying she was "bringing disrepute" to the "family's honour".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Qandeel Baloch
- **image**: Qandeel Baloch (3x4 cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Qandeel Baloch in early 2014
- **birth name**: Fouzia Azeem
- **birth date**: March 1 1990
- **birth place**: Multan, Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab, Pakistan
- **death place**: Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
- **death cause**: Homicide by asphyxia
- **resting place**: Basti Thaddi, Dera Ghazi Khan District, DGK, Punjab, Pakistan
- **nationality**: Pakistan, Pakistani
- **other names**: Qandeel Baloch
- **occupation**: Model, actress, activist, singer, television personality
- **years active**: 201316
- **children**: 1
Janez Bernik

**Janez Bernik** (6 September 1933 – 15 July 2016) was a Slovenian painter and academic. He was born in Gunclje, now part of Ljubljana. His works include painting, sculpture, graphic design, illustration, tapestry, book design, and poetry. He won the Prešeren Fund Award in 1963.

Bernik died on 15 July 2016 in the Municipality of Prebold, Slovenia, aged 82.
Billy Name

**Billy Name** (**William Linich, Jr.**, February 22, 1940 – July 18, 2016) was an American photographer, filmmaker and lighting designer. He was the archivist of the Warhol Factory, from 1964 to 1970. His brief romance and friendship with Andy Warhol led to collaboration on Warhol's work, including his movies, paintings and sculpture.

## Other websites

- Warholstars.com profile of Billy Name

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Billy Name
- **image**: Billy Name (Greenman) by David Shankbone.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Billy Name
- **birth name**: William Linich, Jr.
- **birth place**: Poughkeepsie, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Poughkeepsie, New York, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **field**: photographer, filmmaker, lighting designer, archivist
Duncan M. Gray Jr.

**Duncan Montgomery Gray, Jr.** (September 21, 1926 – July 15, 2016) was an American bishop and activist. He was the 7th Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Mississippi (a middle judicatory of the Episcopal Church, USA). He was a priest in the southern United States. Gray was best known for his work as a civil rights activist, and his story was included in the University of Southern Mississippi's Civil Rights Digital Archive.
Sharon Runner

**Sharon Runner** (May 17, 1954 – July 14, 2016) was an American politician. She was a Republican California State Senator. She represented the 21st Senate District at the time of her death, and lastly represented the 17th Senate District from 2011 to 2012.

She was also a member of the California State Assembly from 2002 to 2008, representing the 36th district.   She was the wife of California State Board of Equalization Member George Runner. From 2004 to 2008, then-Senator George Runner and then-Assemblywoman Sharon Runner were the first husband and wife in California history to serve at the same time in the California State Legislature.

Runner died at her home in Lancaster, California on July 14, 2016 from complications of respiratory failure, aged 62.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sharon Runner
- **image**: SR medium shot color.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **state senate**: California
- **district**: California's 21st State Senate district, 21st
- **term start**: March 19, 2015
- **term end**: July 14, 2016
- **predecessor**: Steve Knight (politician), Steve Knight
- **successor**: TBD
- **state senate2**: California
- **district2**: California's 17th State Senate district, 17th
- **term start2**: February 18, 2011
- **term end2**: December 3, 2012
- **predecessor2**: George Runner
- **successor2**: Steve Knight (politician), Steve Knight _(redistricted)_
- **state assembly3**: California
- **district3**: California's 36th State Assembly district, 36th
- **term start3**: December 2, 2002
- **term end3**: November 30, 2008
- **predecessor3**: George Runner
- **successor3**: Steve Knight (politician), Steve Knight
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Lancaster, California, Lancaster, California, U.S.
- **spouse**: (her death)
- **alma mater**: Antelope Valley College
- **profession**: Businesswoman
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **residence**: Lancaster, California, U.S.
- **website**: http://runner.cssrc.us
Helena Benitez

**Helena Zoila Tirona Benitez** (June 27, 1914 – July 14, 2016) was a Filipino academic and administrator of the Philippine Women's University. She served in the Senate of the Philippines from 1967 until Congress was closed when martial law was declared in 1972, and at the Batasang Pambansa from 1978 until it was abolished in 1986.

Benitez also founded the Bayanihan Dance Company.

Benitez died on July 14, 2016 in Manila, aged 102.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Helena Benitez photo.jpg
- **office2**: Senate of the Philippines, Senator of the Philippines
- **term start2**: December 30, 1967
- **term end2**: September 23, 1972
- **office1**: Interim Batasang Pambansa, Member of the Interim Batasang Pambansa from Southern Tagalog
- **term start1**: June 12, 1978
- **term end1**: June 5, 1984
- **office**: Regular Batasang Pambansa, Member of the Batasang Pambansa from Cavite
- **term start**: July 23, 1984
- **term end**: March 25, 1986
- **birth name**: Helena Zoila Tirona Benitez
- **birth place**: Manila, Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, Philippine Islands
- **nationality**: Filipino
- **parents**: Conrado Benitez (father)
Francisca Tirona (mother)
- **alma mater**: Philippine Women's University
George Washington University
University of Chicago
Iowa State College
- **occupation**: educator and politician
Péter Esterházy

**Péter Esterházy** (14 April 1950 – 14 July 2016) was a Hungarian writer. He was born in Budapest. He was one of the most widely known contemporary Hungarian and Central European writers.  He has been called a "leading figure of 20th century Hungarian literature" and his books are thought to be significant contributions to postwar literature.

Esterházy died of pancreatic cancer in Budapest on 14 July 2016, aged 66.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Péter Esterházy
- **image**: Péter Esterházy 2010.jpg
- **birth place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **death place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **occupation**: Writer
- **language**: Hungarian
- **nationality**: Hungarians, Hungarian
- **alma mater**: Eötvös Loránd University
- **notableworks**: _Celestial Harmonies_ (_Harmonia Caelestis_, 2000)
- **spouse**: Margit Reén
- **children**: 4
- **awards**: Kossuth Prize
Dronne

The **Dronne** () is a river in southwestern France, right tributary of the Isle river. It flows through the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

Its name appears, in an old form, in two _communes_ of the Dordogne departmentː Saint-Méard-de-Drône and Saint-Pardoux-de-Drône. Its modern name appears in three _communes_ː Aubeterre-sur-Dronne, Saint-Méard-de-Drône, Saint-Pardoux-de-Drône.

## Geography

The Dronne river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

### Course

The Dronne starts in the Massif Central, in the _commune_ of Bussière-Galant, Creuse department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It starts in the _Parc naturel régional Périgord Limousin_ at an altitude of about .

It flows to the southwest and, finally, the river flows into at Coutras, in the Gironde department, at an altitude of about .

The Dronne flows through 5 departments and 52 _communes_, all in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region; the main _communes_ areː
- Haute-Vienne : Bussière-Galant
- Dordogne : Saint-Pardoux-la-Rivière, Champagnac-de-Belair, Brantôme, Bourdeilles, Mialet, Tocane-Saint-Apre, Ribérac, Saint-Aulaye, La Roche-Chalais
- Charente : Aubeterre-sur-Dronne
- Charente-Maritime : Saint-Aigulin
- Gironde : Les Églisottes-et-Chalaures, Coutras

## Main tributaries

The main tributaries of the Charente river are:

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Other websites

- Banque Hydro - Station P8462510 - La Dronne à Coutras

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Dronne
- **image**: Saut-Chalard-hiver 08.JPG
- **image caption**: The Dronne at the rapids near Champs-Romain
- **pushpin map**: France#France Nouvelle-Aquitaine
- **source1 location**: Massif Central
- **mouth location**: Isle (river), Isle
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Michael J. Elliott

**Michael J. Elliott**, OBE (31 May 1951 – 14 July 2016) was a British journalist and executive. He was the president and chief executive officer of the anti-poverty advocacy organization ONE. He was awarded an OBE in 2003 for services to journalism.

Elliott previously held senior executive positions at _Time_ magazine, _Newsweek_, and _The Economist._

Elliott died on 14 July 2016 in Washington, D.C. from bladder cancer, aged 65.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Michael J. Elliott
- **image**: File:Michael Elliott 20090128.jpg
- **caption**: Michael Elliott, speaks at the World Economic Forum annual meeting in 2009
- **birth place**: Liverpool, England
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **death cause**: Bladder cancer
- **alma mater**: Oxford University
- **occupation**: President and CEO, ONE
Gary S. Paxton

**Gary Sanford Paxton** (**Larry Wayne Stevens**; May 18, 1939 – July 16, 2016) was an American record producer, recording artist, and Grammy and Dove Award winning songwriter.

Paxton was a member of the Skip & Flip and The Hollywood Argyles and was the producer of two number one Billboard Hot 100 singles: "Alley Oop for The Hollywood Argyles in 1960 and "Monster Mash" for Bobby "Boris" Pickett in 1962.

Paxton died on July 16, 2016 in Branson, Missouri from complications of hepatitis C, aged 77.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Gary S. Paxton
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Larry Wayne Stevens
- **birth place**: Coffeyville, Kansas, Coffeyville, Kansas, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Branson, Missouri, Branson, Missouri, U.S.
- **instrument**: Vocalist
- **genre**: Novelty song, Novelty music, Gospel music
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter, record producer
- **years active**: 1959–2016
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA, Garpax Records, Garpax, NewPax Records, NewPax
Abu Omar al-Shishani

**Tarkhan Tayumurazovich Batirashvili** (; 11 February 1986 – presumedly dead in July 2016), known by his nom de guerre **Abu Omar al-Shishani** (, _Abū ‘Umar ash-Shīshānī_, "Abu Omar the Chechen") or **Omar al-Shishani** (, _‘Umar ash-Shīshānī_, "Omar the Chechen"), was a Chechen jihadist militant. He served as a commander for the Islamic State in Syria, and previously as a sergeant in the Georgian Army. In 2013, Batirashvili joined the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and rapidly became a senior commander in the organization, directing a series of battles and ultimately earning a seat on ISIL's shura council.

U.S. officials reported that Batirashvili died from injuries several days after being the target of a 4 March 2016 U.S. airstrike, near the Al-Shaddadah district of Al-Hasakah Governorate in Northern Syria, however, the Islamic State denied these claims and its Amaq News Agency confirmed that Shishani was killed in July 2016 during fighting in the Iraqi city of Shirqat, south of Mosul, Iraq.
Carolyn See

**Carolyn See** (born **Caroline Laws**; January 13, 1934 – July 13, 2016) was an American educator and critic. She was the professor emerita of English at the University of California, Los Angeles.

See was the author of ten books, including the memoir, _Dreaming: Hard Luck and Good Times in America_, an advice book on writing, _Making a Literary Life_, and the novels _There Will Never Be Another You, Golden Days,_ and _The Handyman._ She was also a book critic for the Washington Post for 27 years.

See died on July 13, 2016 in Santa Monica, California from cancer, aged 82.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Carolyn See
- **image**: CAROLYNSEE0109.jpg
- **birth name**: Caroline Laws
- **birth place**: Pasadena, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California
- **spouses**: Richard See, Tom Sturak
- **children**: Lisa See, Clara Sturak
- **occupation**: Novelist, Professor, Critic
Hollis L. Harris

**Hollis Loyd Harris** (November 25, 1931 – July 14, 2016) was an American businessman. He served as President and COO of Delta Air Lines (1987-1990) and Chairman, President, and CEO of Continental Airlines (1990-1991), Air Canada (1992-1996), and World Airways (1999-2004).

In 1997, Harris and Steve Wolf signed a strategic agreement between Air Canada and United Airlines, producing what is now the Star Alliance, which grew to become the world's largest global airline alliance.

Harris died at the age of 84 on July 14, 2016 in Peachtree City, Georgia.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hollis L. Harris
- **image**: 20-02-454-harris.jpg
- **birth name**: Hollis Loyd Harris
- **birth place**: Carrollton, Georgia, U.S.
- **death place**: Peachtree City, Georgia, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Auburn University
Georgia Institute of Technology
- **occupation**: President of Delta Air Lines
CEO of Continental Airlines
CEO of Air Canada
CEO of World Airways
- **years active**: 1954–2004
- **spouse**: Joyce Dolores Entrekin
- **children**: Patricia (Patti)
David
Jeffrey
Héctor Babenco

**Héctor Eduardo Babenco** (February 7, 1946 – July 13, 2016) was an Argentine-born Brazilian movie director, screenwriter, producer and actor. He worked in several countries including Argentina, Brazil and the United States.

His best known movies are _Pixote_ (1980), _Kiss of the Spider Woman_ (1985), _Ironweed_ (1987), _At Play in the Fields of the Lord_ (1990) and _Carandiru_ (2003).

Babenco died on July 13, 2016 from a heart attack in São Paulo, Brazil, aged 70.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Héctor Babenco
- **image**: Hector Babenco.jpg
- **caption**: Babenco in São Paulo, Brazil
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: São Paulo, Brazil
- **occupation**: Film director and producer, screenwriter
- **yearsactive**: 1973–2016
Quota

A **quota** is a number that says how much or how many of something or someone is allowed or required. It comes from a Latin language word meaning "How many?" Examples include:
- Immigration quota
- Import quota
- Production quota
- Marketing quota
The Intern (2015 movie)

***The Intern*** is a 2015 American comedy movie co-produced, written, and directed by Nancy Meyers. The movie stars Robert De Niro, Anne Hathaway, Rene Russo, Anders Holm, Andrew Rannells, Adam DeVine, Christina Scherer, and Zack Pearlman with Linda Lavin. The movie was released on September 25, 2015 by Warner Bros.
Manuel G. Batshaw

**Manuel Gilman Batshaw**, (17 April 1915 – 18 July 2016) was a Canadian social worker. Batshaw was born in Montreal. He was best known for being the founder of Batshaw Youth and Family Centres. He spent more than 50 years in the field of social work in Quebec.

In the 1970s, he was active in helping Vietnamese boat people refugees. In 1975, he was in charge of an inquiry into abuses at institutions housing troubled young people, and the Batshaw Committee submitted a report. In 1993, five institutions were merged and were named the Batshaw Youth and Family Centres in his honour.

He received an honorary degree from McGill University in 1998 and the National Order of Quebec in 2003, as well as the Order of Canada.
Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet

***Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet*** (stylized as ***EXOLOGY CHAPTER 1: THE LOST PLANET***) is the first live album by South Korean boy band EXO. It was released on December 22, 2014 by S.M. Entertainment. It has 2 CDs and a total of 36 songs (1 CD and 18 songs), including individual tracks from each of the members and studio versions of some of his songs remixed (remix Korean and Mandarin/ Mandarin and Korean). The album was released in two versions: a normal version and a special version.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet
- **type**: Live album
- **artist**: Exo
- **recorded**: 2014
- **language**: Korean language, Korean
- **genre**: K-pop, dance, ballad
- **label**: S.M. Entertainment, KT Music
- **prev title**: Overdose (EP), Overdose
(2014)
- **next title**: Exodus (album), EXODUS
(2015)