juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Old Prussian language

**Old Prussian** was a Baltic language spoken in what is now northeastern Poland and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It was spoken by the indigenous peoples of Prussia, the Old Prussians. It declined after the Teutonic Knights conquered the territory in the 13th century but was spoken until about 1700 in and around East Prussia. It was named Old Prussian to show that it is different to the Slavic and Germanic languages used in Prussia afterwards. It became extinct in the early 18th century. Attempted revivals have made little progress.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Prussian
- **region**: Prussia (region)
- **image**: Catechismus in preüßnischer sprach, gecorrigiret und dagegen das deüdsche.jpg
- **extinct**: Early 18th century
- **ref**: e18
- **revived**: Attempted revival, with 50 L2 speakers (no date)
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic
- **fam3**: Baltic languages, Baltic
- **fam4**: Western Baltic languages, Western Baltic
- **iso3**: prg
- **glotto**: prus1238
- **glottorefname**: Prussian
- **lingua**: 54-AAC-a
- **map**: Idioma prusiano antiguo.png
- **mapsize**: 220px
Knaanic language

**Knaanic** (also called **Canaanic**, **Leshon Knaan**, **Judaeo-Czech**) is an extinct West Slavic Jewish language. It was spoken in the area known today as Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia. It became extinct in the late middle ages.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Knaanic
- **region**: Europe
- **extinct**: Late Middle Ages
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic
- **fam3**: Slavic languages, Slavic
- **fam4**: West Slavic languages, West Slavic
- **fam5**: Czech–Slovak languages, Czech–Slovak
- **iso3**: czk
- **linglist**: czk
- **glotto**: none
The Larry Sanders Show

***The Larry Sanders Show*** is an American sitcom. It is about Garry Shandling portraying a fictional host named Larry Sanders. It aired from 1992-1998.
Wheelock Whitney, Jr.

**Wheelock "Whee" Whitney, Jr.** (July 30, 1926 – May 20, 2016) was an American businessman, politician, educator, sports team executive and owner, philanthropist. Whitney was a successful investment banker from 1957 until 1972. When he left the industry, he taught at the Carlson School of Business.

Whitney was born in St. Cloud, Minnesota. He studied at Phillips Academy and Yale University.

Whitney was the 1964 Republican nominee for U.S. Senate from Minnesota. He lost to Eugene McCarthy, and the Republican nominee for governor of Minnesota in 1982, losing to Rudy Perpich.

He was the team executive for the Minnesota Twins. He was also a part-owner and president of the Minnesota Vikings football team for a number of years.

Whitney died under hospice care in Independence, Minnesota on May 20, 2016, aged 89.
Nick Lashaway

**Nick Lashaway** (March 24, 1988 – May 8, 2016) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles on _The X-Files_, _Girls_, and _The 40 Year Old Virgin_. He appeared in _The Last Song_. He played Brandon O'Neil in _My Soul to Take_.

Lashaway died in a car crash on May 8, 2016, in Framingham, Massachusetts, aged 28.

## Other websites

- Notice of death of Lashaway in Framingham, Massachusetts

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nick Lashaway
- **image**: Nick Lashaway (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Lashaway in July 2009
- **birth place**: Washington D.C., United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1998–2016
Renzo Piano

**Renzo Piano**, OMRI, OMCA (; born 14 September 1937) is an Italian architect and engineer. He won the Pritzker Prize in 1998. He is known for designing London's tallest skyscraper The Shard and The New York Times Building in New York City. He was born in Genoa, Italy.

In 2006, Piano was selected by _TIME_ as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. He was selected as the 10th most influential person in the "Arts and Entertainment" category of the 2006 Time 100.

In August 2013, he was appointed Senator for Life in the Italian Senate by President Giorgio Napolitano.
Ken Gorgal

**Kenneth Robert Gorgal** (February 13, 1929 – May 8, 2016) was an American football player. He was born in Peru, Illinois. He played in the National Football League for the Cleveland Browns, the Chicago Bears and the Green Bay Packers in the 1950s. He played college football at Purdue University.

After retiring from football, Gorgal went back to Chicago. He later held a seat on the Chicago Board of Trade, a major exchange.

Gorgal died on May 8, 2016 in Vero Beach, Florida at the age of 87.
Jim Ray Hart

**James "Jim" Ray Hart** (October 30, 1941 – May 19, 2016) was an American. He played for the National League's San Francisco Giants from 1963 to 1973 and the New York Yankees in 1973 and 1974. Hart batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Hookerton, North Carolina.

In a 12-season career, Hart posted a .278 batting average, with 170 home runs and 578 runs batted in (RBIs) in 1,125 Major League games played.

Hart died in Acampo, California on May 19, 2016 after a long-illness, aged 74.
Patricia M. Derian

**Patricia Murphy "Patt" Derian** (August 12, 1929 – May 20 2016) was an American civil rights and human rights activist. She was born in New York City, but was raised in Danville, Virginia. During the 1976 U.S. presidential election, Derian was deputy director of the Carter-Mondale campaign. Derian served as Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs from 1977 to 1981. She was known for being a critic of the Ronald Reagan presidency and his administration.

Derian died at her home in Chapel Hill, North Carolina from Alzheimer's disease on May 20, 2016, aged 86.
Robert Mandan

**Robert Mandan** (February 2, 1932 – April 29, 2018) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Chester Tate on the satirical sitcom _Soap_ from 1977 through 1981.

Mandan died on April 29, 2018 in Los Angeles, California of prostate cancer at the age of 86.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Robert Mandan
- **image**: Robert Mandan 1977.JPG
- **caption**: Mandan in 1977
- **birth place**: Clever, Missouri, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1958-2006
- **spouse**: Sherry Dixon
Wendy Davis (politician)

**Wendy Russell Davis** (born **Wendy Jean Russell**; May 16, 1963) is an American lawyer and  Democratic politician. She was born in West Warwick, Rhode Island, but was raised in Fort Worth, Texas.

Davis represented District 10 in the Texas Senate from 2009 to 2015. She previously served on the Fort Worth City Council.

Davis ran for the office of Governor of Texas in the 2014 election but lost to Greg Abbott with 59-38 percent.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Wendy Davis
- **image**: Wendy Davis in 2013.jpeg
- **state senate**: Texas
- **district**: Texas Senate, District 10, 10th
- **term start**: January 9, 2009
- **term end**: January 13, 2015
- **predecessor**: Kim Brimer
- **successor**: Konni Burton
- **office1**: Member of the Fort Worth, Texas, Fort Worth City Council
from the 9th district
- **term start1**: May 1, 1999
- **term end1**: January 8, 2008
- **predecessor1**: Cathy Hirt
- **successor1**: Joel Burns (politician), Joel Burns
- **birth name**: Wendy Jean Russell
- **birth place**: West Warwick, Rhode Island, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Jeff Davis
- **children**: Amber
Dru
- **alma mater**: Tarrant County College
Texas Christian University
Harvard Law School, Harvard University
Boris Schnaiderman

**Boris Solomonovitch Schnaiderman** (Russian Борис Соломонович Шнайдерман; 17 May 1917 – 18 May 2016) was a Brazilian translator, writer and essayist. He was of Jewish descent.

He became a naturalized citizen of Brazil in 1941 and fought in World War II with the Brazilian Expeditionary Force.

In 2003 he received the Prize of Translation by the Academia Brasileira de Letras. He was the first person who translated to Portuguese classical Russian books directly from the Russian language.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Boris Schnaiderman
- **birth name**: Борис Соломонович Шнайдерман
- **birth date**: 17 May 1917
- **birth place**: Uman, Ukraine
- **death place**: São Paulo, Brazil
- **nationality**: Brazil, Brazilian
(1941－2016)
- **awards**: Academia Brasileira de Letras
Medal of Pushkin, Recipients of Russian civil awards and decorations
- **occupation**: translation, Translator, writer, essayist
- **known for**: the first person who translated to Portuguese language, Portuguese classical Russian books directly from the Russian language
Agostinho Neto

**António Agostinho Neto** (17 September 1910 – 10 September 1979) was an Angolan politician and poet. He was the first President of Angola, serving from 1975–1979 after he leading the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in the war for independence that lasted from 1961–1974.

He died of inoperable cancer on 10 September 1979 in a hospital in Moscow, Russia, aged 68.

## Career as a writer

His works of poetry were written mostly between 1946 and 1960.. He published three books of poetry during his lifetime.. Poems included collections like _Sacred Hope_, which was published in 1974. He was the first member voted into the Anglo Writers Union and The Center for African Studies in Lisbon. He was given the Lotus Prize by the Conference of Afro-Asian Writers.

## Other websites

- Agostinho Neto on Encyclopedia

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: António Agostinho Neto
- **image**: President MPLA, heer Neto door Den Uyl ontvangen premier Den Uyl en A Neto (r), Bestanddeelnr 927-8518 (cropped).jpg
- **office1**: 1st President of Angola
- **term start1**: 11 November 1975
- **term end1**: 10 September 1979
- **primeminister1**: Lopo do Nascimento <small>(1975-1978)</small>
- **predecessor1**: _Position estabilished_
- **successor1**: José Eduardo dos Santos
- **office2**: Chairman of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
- **term start2**: 10 December 1956
- **term end2**: 10 September 1979
- **predecessor2**: _Position established_
- **successor2**: José Eduardo dos Santos
- **birth place**: Ícolo e Bengo, Bengo (province), Bengo, Portuguese Angola, Overseas Province of Angola, Portugal
- **death place**: Moscow, Soviet Union
- **party**: MPLA
- **spouse**: Maria Eugénia da Silva
- **caption**: Official Portrait, 1975
Miguel de la Quadra-Salcedo

**Miguel de la Quadra-Salcedo y Gayarre** (April 30, 1932 – May 20, 2016) was a Spanish journalist and Olympic athlete. He was born in Madrid. He was the director and founder of cultural program Aventura 92 (Adventures 92). He was mainly known by the Basque-Navarre people.

Quadra-Salcedo died in Madrid on May 20, 2016 at the age of 84.

## Other websites

- VideoConference
You Don't Own Me

**"You Don't Own Me"** is a popular song. This single was recorded by Lesley Gore when she was 17 years old in 1963. It was written by Philadelphia songwriters David White and John Madara. The song hit #2 on the _Billboard_ Pop Singles Chart in the United States. It was #2 for three straight weeks during February 1964.

The song is about a woman telling her man he should never tell her what to do or what to say. The man should also not put her on display.  It is considered to be a feminist anthem with a connection to the civil rights movement.

Other singers have covered the song, like Dusty Springfield, Joan Jett and Grace Sewell.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You Don't Own Me
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Lesley Gore
- **album**: Lesley Gore Sings of Mixed-Up Hearts
- **b-side**: Run Bobby, Run
- **released**: December 11, 1963
- **recorded**: September 21, 1963
- **genre**: *Doo-wop
*R&B
*blue-eyed soul
- **length**: 2:31
- **label**: Mercury Records, Mercury
- **producer**: Quincy Jones
- **prev title**: She's a Fool
- **prev year**: 1963
- **next title**: That's the Way Boys Are
- **next year**: 1964
Frutigen

**Frutigen** is a municipality in Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Frutigen tourism

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Frutigen
- **municipality name**: Frutigen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Frutigen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Frutigen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Frutigen-Niedersimmental (administrative district), Frutigen-Niedersimmental
- **postal code**: 3714
- **municipality code**: 0563
- **area**: 71.8
- **elevation**: 800
- **population**: 6718
- **populationof**: Dec 2010
- **website**: www.frutigen.ch
- **mayor**: Ruedi Egger
- **neighboring municipalities**: Adelboden, Diemtigen, Kandergrund, Kandersteg, Reichenbach im Kandertal
- **twintowns**: Teteven (Bulgaria)
Burgistein

**Burgistein** is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website of Burgistein

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Burgistein
- **municipality name**: Burgistein
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Burgistein COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Burgistein.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Thun (administrative district), Thun
- **postal code**: 3664
- **municipality code**: 0863
- **area**: 7.5
- **elevation**: 763
- **population**: 1021
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **website**: www.burgistein.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Gurzelen, Kirchdorf, Switzerland, Kirchdorf, Lohnstorf, Noflen, Riggisberg, Rüti bei Riggisberg, Seftigen, Wattenwil
William Safire

**William Lewis Safir** (December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009), better known as **William Safire** (), was an American author, columnist, journalist, and presidential speechwriter.

He was best known as a long-time political columnist for the _New York Times_ and the author of "On Language" in the _New York Times Magazine_, a column on popular etymology, new or unusual usages, and other language-related topics from its inception.

Safire died from pancreatic cancer at a hospice in Rockville, Maryland, on September 27, 2009, aged 79.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: William Safire
- **birth name**: William Lewis Safir
- **image**: President Bush presents William Safire the 2006 President Medal of Freedom (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Safire receiving the 2006 Presidential Medal of Freedom
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, United States
- **death place**: Rockville, Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, United States
- **occupation**: Author, columnist, lexicographer, journalist, political speechwriter
- **nationality**: American
- **genre**: Non-fiction
- **subject**: Politics
- **spouse**: Helene Belmar Julius
Sándor Tarics

**Sándor Tarics** (23 September 1913 – 21 May 2016) was a Hungarian water polo player. He won a gold medal in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Budapest.

He attended the 2012 London Olympics as the oldest living Olympic champion and turned 100 in September 2013.

Tarics died in San Francisco, California on 21 May 2016 at the age of 102.
Friedrich Schattleitner

**Friedrich Schattleitner** (28 September 1923 – 4 May 2016) was an Austrian sport shooter. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics, where he finished 35th among a field of 86 competitors in the 50 m rifle - prone position event. He was born in Kalwang.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Friedrich Schattleitner
- **birth place**: Kalwang, Austria
- **sport**: Shooting sport, Sports shooting
- **show-medals**: yes
Sylvia Kauders

**Sylvia Kauders** (December 1, 1921 – May 5, 2016) was an American movie, TV and theater actress. She was known for many small but known  roles on Broadway and in movies.

She was known for her roles in _American Splendor_, _Analyze That_, _Predator 2_, _City Hall_, two Woody Allen movies: _Crimes and Misdemeanors_ (1989) and _Manhattan Murder Mystery_ (1993). She appeared  in _Inside Llewyn Davis_ (2013) by Joel and Ethan Coen.

Kauders died on May 5, 2016 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from a heart attack, aged 94.

## Other websites

- IMDB

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sylvia Kauders
- **birth date**: December 1, 1921
- **birth place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **death date**: May 5, 2016 (aged 94)
- **death place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **death cause**: Heart Attack
- **years active**: 1980–2016
- **occupation**: Actress
- **birth name**: Sylvia Wolinsky
- **spouse**: Randle Kauders
Tonita Castro

**Tonita Castro** (1952/53 – May 8, 2016) was a Mexican-born American actress. She was born in Guadalajara, Mexico. She appeared on  television shows such as _Little Britain USA_, _The Sarah Silverman Program_, _Kroll Show_, _Life in Pieces_, and _Dads_. She also appeared on movies such as _Imagine That_, _Funny People_, _Our Family Wedding_, _Bad Ass_, _Seeking a Friend for the End of the World_ and _The Book of Life_.

Castro died on May 8, 2016 from stomach cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 63.
Gaston Berghmans

**Gaston Petrus Bernardina Berghmans** (11 March 1926 – 21 May 2016) was a Flemish actor and comedian. From 1972 through 1993, he and Leo Martin formed a comic duo called Gaston and Leo. They also made four mvoies together: _The boat to Spain_ (1982), _Thugs_ (1984), _The Panic Sowers_ (1986) and _Gaston en Leo in Hong Kong_ (1988).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gaston Berghmans
- **image**: Gaston Berghmans 1997 mh.jpg
- **birth place**: Merksem, Belgium
- **death place**: Schoten, Belgium
- **occupation**: actor, comedian
- **children**: 1
Marion Tournon-Branly

**Marion Tournon-Branly** (23 September 1924 – 15 May 2016) was a French architect. She was born in Paris. His father was architect Paul Tournon and mother was painter Élisabeth Branly. She studied at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. She worked with her father and Auguste Perret.

She designed villas, elementary schools, buildings for the Fleury Abbey and the modern church of the Fontenelle Abbey.

Tournon-Branly died in Paris on 15 May 2016, aged 91.
Benjamin de Roo

**Benjamin hielke de Roo** (11 February 1940 – 17 May 2016) was an Dutch-born Australian gymnast. He was born in Enschede, the Netherlands. In 1957 his family immigrated to Australia. In 1960, he became Australian citizen. He competed for Australia at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics.

De Roo died at a hospital in Katoomba, New South Wales on 17 May 2016 from complications of a stroke, aged 76.
Ashure

**Ashure** () is a traditional pudding. Ashure is made from grains, dried fruits and nuts. There are no animal products (butter, milk, cheese, etc.) and ashure is vegan. Sufi Muslims make it to celebrate the Day of Ashura.

The Armenian version of the grain pudding ashure is called anoushabour. Since Armenians serve this pudding during Christmas and on New Year's Eve.

## Related pages

- Day of Ashure
Gritstone

**Gritstone** or **grit** is a hard, coarse-grained, siliceous sandstone. This term is especially applied to sandstones quarried for building material.

British gritstone was used for millstones to mill flour, to grind wood into pulp for paper and for grindstones to sharpen blades. "Grit" is often applied to sandstones with angular sand grains. It may commonly contain small pebbles or breccia.

**Millstone Grit** is an informal term for gritstones  found in the Peak District and Pennines of northern England. These sediments were laid down in the late (upper) Paleozoic era, in the Carboniferous period, in deltaic conditions. The Millstone Grit Group is a formal stratigraphic term for this sequence of rocks.
Goofy and Wilbur

***Goofy and Wilbur*** is an animated cartoon short. It was made by Walt Disney Productions. It was released by RKO Radio Pictures on March 17, 1939. It was the first cartoon with Goofy in a solo role without either Mickey Mouse or Donald Duck.

In this cartoon Goofy goes fishing with his pet grasshopper, Wilbur. They have nothing but bad luck. The smarter dog, Goofy, and his dumb insect friend catch fish in a fishing net using Wilbur as bait. This cartoon shows a lot of violence, because Wilbur is nearly, or perhaps actually, killed.

The cartoon is known for its 13 slapstick adventures during the eight minutes of action. It was released two years after _Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs_ (1937) and a year before _Pinocchio_ and _Fantasia_ (both in 1940).

## Plot

Goofy and his friend Wilbur, a tame grasshopper, team up for a fishing expedition.  Goofy decides to use Wilber as bait, but he realizes too late that his friend might actually get eaten by a fish. Goofy has a boat he is rowing and a net, but no fishing rod. Wilbur, being a live bug, becomes the perfect choice for bait inside their fishing net, which will attract the fish as food.

Wilber's life depends on Goofy to save the little bug, who becomes the bait for a half-dozen fish. As Wilber gets tricked again and again, he is at last swallowed by a frog; then that frog gets eaten by a stork, all while Goofy desperately attempts a chasing rescue.  In the end Wilbur hatches out of the stork egg, and to Goofy's relief, seems okay. It is not explained how Wilber ended up in the egg of the stork. One blog writer says: "I wonder if Goofy has had a psychotic break at the end of the cartoon, and the reappearance of Wilbur is simply a delusion."

## Releases

- 1939 – Original release in movie theaters
- 1956 – _Walt Disney anthology television series_, episode #2.22: "On Vacation" (TV)
- 1977 – _Donald Duck's Summer Magic_ (in movie theaters)
- 1981 – "Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Cartoon Collections Volume Two" (on laserdisc)
- c. 1983 – _Good Morning, Mickey!_, episode #59 (TV)
- c. 1992 – _Mickey's Mouse Tracks_, episode #46 (TV)
- c. 1992 – _Donald's Quack Attack_, episode #32 (TV)
- c. 1997 – _The Ink and Paint Club_, episode #1.25: "Goofy Goofs Around" (TV)
- 2002 – "Walt Disney Treasures: Wave Two: The Complete Goofy" (on DVD)
- 2006 – "Walt Disney's Funny Factory with Goofy" (DVD)

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Goofy and Wilbur
- **director**: Dick Huemer
- **producer**: Walt Disney
- **story**: Otto Englander
- **starring**: George Johnson
- **music**: Paul Smith (movie and television composer)
- **cinematography**: Art Babbitt
Izzy Klein
Ed Love
Wolfgang Reitherman
Bernard Wolf
- **studio**: Walt Disney Animation Studios, Walt Disney Productions
- **distributor**: RKO Pictures, RKO Radio Pictures
- **runtime**: 8 minutes 5 seconds
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Gate of Yemen

**Gate of Yemen** () is the main gate of the old city of Sana'a, the capital of Yemen. The gate is in a square in the northern wall of the old city. It was built in the 17th Century by the Turks.
English National League

The National League is a league for Association football teams in England (though some teams come from Wales). It is the fifth highest division of the English football league system. The league is made up of professional and non professional clubs.

## History

The league was created in 1979 from the Northern Premier League and the Southern League. In 1987, teams began to be promoted to Football League Two, and since 2003, a second team was also promoted. The league was renamed from the Conference National to the National League in 2015. Vanarama also announced their sponsorship the same year, so the league became the **Vanarama National League**.

In 2004, two divisions were created below the main league, known as the National League North and National League South. In 2006, the league expanded from 22 to 24 teams.

## Champions

|Season|Champions|
| --- | --- |
|2013–14|Luton Town|
|2014–15|Barnet|
|2015–16|Cheltenham Town|
|2016–17|Lincoln City|
|2017–18|Macclesfield Town|
|2018–19|Leyton Orient|
|2019–20|Barrow|
|2020–21|Sutton United|
|2021–22|Stockport County|
|2022–23|Wrexham|

## Infobox (football league)

- **name**: English National League
- **founded**: 1977 (as _The Football Conference_) (45 years)
- **country**: * England
* Wales
- **teams**: 24
- **level**: 5
- **promotion**: * EFL League Two (2004-)
* Football League Third Division (1992-2004)
* Football League Fourth Division (1987-1992)
- **relegation**: * _National League North_
* _National League South_
- **league cup**: * FA Cup
* FA Vase
Finsterhennen

**Finsterhennen** () is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Finsterhennen
- **municipality name**: Finsterhennen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Finsterhennen BE COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Seeland (administrative district), Seeland
- **postal code**: 2577
- **municipality code**: 0493
- **area**: 3.6
- **elevation**: 445
- **population**: 528
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **website**: www.finsterhennen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Brüttelen, Kallnach, Lüscherz, Siselen, Treiten
Trub

**Trub** is a municipality of the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

The mountain Napf is in the municipality.

## Other websites

- Official website of Trub

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Trub
- **municipality name**: Trub
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Trub COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Trub.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Emmental (administrative district), Emmental
- **postal code**: 3556
- **municipality code**: 0908
- **area**: 62.0
- **elevation**: 790
- **population**: 1359
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **popofyear**: 2012
- **website**: www.trub.ch
- **mayor**: Peter Aeschlimann
- **neighboring municipalities**: Eggiwil, Escholzmatt (LU), Hergiswil bei Willisau (LU), Langnau im Emmental, Luthern (LU), Marbach, Lucerne, Marbach (LU), Romoos (LU), Sumiswald, Trubschachen
Koh-i-Noor

The **Koh-i-Noor** (also spelled **Koh-i-Nûr** and **Kooh-è Noor**) is a large, colourless diamond that was found near Guntur in Andhra Pradesh, India, possibly in the 13th century. The name means **Mountain of Light** in the Persian language.

Before it was cut for jewellery, it weighed . It was first owned by the Kakatiya dynasty. Ownership of the stone changed several times between various ruling groups in South Asia over the next few hundred years. The Koh-i-Noor ended up in the possession of Queen Victoria after the British conquest of the Punjab in 1849. It is now part of the British Crown Jewels, part of the Royal Collection held in trust by Queen Elizabeth II for her successors and the UK.

In 1852, Prince Albert, the husband of Queen Victoria, unhappy with its dull and irregular appearance, ordered it cut down from . It emerged 42 per cent lighter as a dazzling oval-cut brilliant weighing  and measuring 3.6 cm x 3.2 cm x 1.3 cm.

Since arriving in the U.K., it has only ever been worn by female members of the family, starting with Queen Victoria. After Queen Victoria's death, the Koh-i-Noor was set in the crown of Queen Alexandra, the wife of Edward VII. It was used to crown her at their coronation in 1902. The diamond was transferred to Queen Mary's crown in 1911, and finally to the Queen Mother's crown in 1937. When The Queen Mother died in 2002, it was placed on top of her coffin for her state funeral.

Today, the diamond is set in the front of the crown, as part of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom. It is seen by millions of visitors to the Tower of London each year.
Leonorilda Ochoa

**Leonorilda Ochoa Pagaza** (30 October 1937 – 22 May 2016) was a Mexican actress and comedian. She was on movies, television, and theatre productions. She became popular as La Pecas in the sitcom _Los Beverly de Peralvillo_ (1968-1973). She was born in Mexico City. She was in the movies _Capulina Speedy Gonzalez_ (1970), _Los Beverly de Peralvillo_ (1971) and _Que familia tan cotorra!_ (1973). Her last telenovelas were _Rubí_ (2004) and _Código postal_ (2006-2007).

Ochoa died of Alzheimer's disease in Mexico City on 22 May 2016, aged 78.
Flag of Chile

The national **flag of Chile** was adopted in 1817.

## Appearance

The flag shows two equally horizontal bands of white (top right); and red (bottom). There is a blue square (left of the white band). The squrare is the same height as the white band. The square shows a white five-pointed star in the center.

Protocol dictates that it can hang horizontally or vertically, but the star must always be located in the top-left corner.

The colors have meanings:

- Red: represents the blood of Chilean patriots who fought for independence.
- White: represents the snow of the Andes mountains.
- Blue: represents the blue of the skies.
- White star: stresses the fact that Chile is an unitarian republic. (a political system in which the central government controls its republic).

Note: the Chilean flag is similar to the flag of the American state of Texas.

## Related pages

- Chile

- Chilean government
- unitary state
- unitary
- republic

## Other websites

- Description in _Flags of the World_
Coat of arms of Chile

The **Coat of Arms of Chile** consist of a shield holding the national symbol of a star in a blue and red field.  This shield is supported by a condor and huemul.

At the top of the shield are three feather plumes in the colors of the national flag.  The center shield has the star found on the national flag on a blue and red background.  The blue represents the sky, and the red represents the blood of martyrs, as well as the Andes.  The condor and huemel are animals found in Chile.  The crowns they wear are naval crowns, and represent the rich naval history of Chile.

## Related pages

- Chile
Chilean peso

The **peso** is the money of Chile. It was divided into 100 _centavos_. The number is written with a **$**  sign and then the number.

In 2011, 483.36 pesos were equal to one United States dollar.  In 2014, 570.01 pesos are equal to one United States dollar.

## Related pages

- Chile

## Other websites

- Banknotes of Chile

## Infobox (currency)

- **currency name in local**: Peso chileno
- **iso code**: CLP
- **using countries**: Chile
- **inflation rate**: 3.0%
- **inflation source date**: 2013 ([http://www.bcentral.cl/eng/index.asp INE/Central Bank])
- **symbol**:  or Dollar sign, $
- **used coins**: 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 pesos
- **used banknotes**: 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000, 20,000 pesos
- **issuing authority**: Banco Central de Chile
- **issuing authority website**: www.bcentral.cl
- **mint**: Casa de Moneda
- **mint website**: www.cmoneda.cl
Ayora

**Ayora** is a town in the Community of Valencia. It has 5,303 people. It is in the district of Valle de Ayora and the province of Valencia.

Ayora is in the inland and near Castilla-La Mancha. Sierra Palomera and Sierra del Mugrón are the mountains to the west. Muela de Cortes and Pico Caroig are the mountains to the east. The flat land to the south connects with Almansa. The river valley runs to the north. It connects with Confrentes.
Nick Menza

**Nicholas "Nick" Menza** (July 23, 1964 – May 21, 2016) was a German-born American professional drummer and songwriter. He was best known for his work in Megadeth from 1989 to 1998 and in 2004. He recorded drums on four of Megadeth's albums: _Rust in Peace_ (1990), _Countdown to Extinction_ (1992), _Youthanasia_ (1994) and _Cryptic Writings_ (1997).

Menza died on May 21, 2016 from heart failure while performing with his band, OHM, in Los Angeles, California, aged 51.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Nick Menza
- **caption**: Nick Menza with Megadeth
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth place**: Munich, West Germany
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **instrument**: Drums, vocals, percussion, guitar, bass, keyboards
- **genre**: Heavy metal music, Heavy metal, hard rock, thrash metal
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter
- **years active**: 1981–2016
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capital, Combat Records, Combat, Shrapnel Records, Shrapnel, EMI Records, EMI Music Greece
- **associated acts**: Megadeth, Marty Friedman, Memorain, Anthony Gallo, Christian Nesmith, SIN 34, Orphaned to Hatred, Chris Poland, OHM (band), OHM, Warrior (band), Warrior
Alexander Van der Bellen

**Alexander Van der Bellen** (born 18 January 1944) is an Austrian politician and economist. He is the President of Austria since 2017. He won the 2016 election after multiple court battles and narrow victories. He was sworn into office on 26 January 2017 officially becoming the president. Van der Bellen is the country's second green president and the first to be directly elected by popular vote. He was re-elected in 2022.

## Early life

Van der Bellen was born in Vienna. His father was Russian and his mother was Estonian. He is the son of aristocratic refugees from Russia's Bolshevik Revolution. They first escaped from Pskov to Estonia.

In 1962, he graduated from the Akademisches Gymnasium in Innsbruck. He studied economics at the University of Innsbruck. He received a doctorate in 1970.

## Political career

Van der Bellen is a retired professor of economics at the University of Vienna. He is a member of the Austrian Green Party. He served as a member of the National Council from 1994 to 2012. He was the chairman of the parliamentary club and federal spokesperson of his party from 1997 to 2008.

### Presidency (since 2017)

He ran as a nominally independent candidate supported by the Green Party in the 2016 presidential election, and finished second in the first round before winning the second round against far-right candidate Norbert Hofer. A second election was ordered since the votes were too narrow. In December 2016, Van der Bellen won the election with more votes. He became the first Austrian president to be directly elected by popular vote. He took office on 26 January 2017.

He was re-elected in October 2022 with almost 57% of the vote.

## Political views

Van der Bellen supports green and social liberal policies, and is supportive of the European Union.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Alexander Van der Bellen
- **image**: Bundespräsident Alexander Van der Bellen beim Städtetag 2024 (cropped).jpg
- **office**: President of Austria
- **chancellor**: Christian Kern
Sebastian Kurz
Brigitte Bierlein
Sebastian Kurz
Alexander Schallenberg
Karl Nehammer
Alexander Schallenberg (acting)
Christian Stocker
- **term start**: 26 January 2017
- **predecessor**: Heinz Fischer
- **office2**: Leader of the The Greens – The Green Alternative, Green Party
- **term start2**: December 1997
- **term end2**: 3 October 2008
- **predecessor2**: Christoph Chorherr
- **successor2**: Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek
- **birth place**: Vienna, Nazi Germany
- **party**: Social Democratic Party of Austria, Social Democratic Party

The Greens – The Green Alternative, Green Party
Independent politician, Independent
- **spouse**: Brigitte
Doris Schmidauer

- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: University of Innsbruck
- **caption**: Alexander Van der Bellen in 2024
- **signature**: Unterschrift Alexander Van der Bellen (2017).png
John Brophy

**John Brophy** (January 20, 1933 – May 23, 2016) was a Canadian ice hockey coach and former hockey player. He was born and raised in Antigonish, Nova Scotia.

Brophy spent most of his career in minor professional leagues, including 18 years as a player in the Eastern Hockey League and 13 seasons as a coach in the East Coast Hockey League. From 1986 to 1988, he was head coach of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League.

Brophy died in his sleep at his home in Antigonish on the morning of May 23, 2016 from a long-illness, aged 83.
Aar de Goede

**Arie "Aar" de Goede** (21 May 1928 – 16 May 2016) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Democrats 66. He served in the House of Representatives (1967–1973), European Parliament (1979–1984) and Senate (1986–1987). As part of the executive he was State Secretary of Finance between 1973 and 1977.

De Goede died in Zoeterwoude on 16 May 2016, aged 87.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Aar de Goede
- **image**: Aar de Goede 1979 (1).jpg
- **office1**: Member of the House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives
- **term start1**: 23 February 1967
- **term end1**: 11 May 1973
- **office2**: Undersecretary, State Secretary of Ministry of Finance (Netherlands), Finance
- **term start2**: 11 May 1973
- **term end2**: 19 December 1977
- **primeminister2**: Joop den Uyl
- **office3**: Member of the European Parliament
- **term start3**: 17 July 1979
- **term end3**: 23 July 1984
- **office4**: Member of the Senate (Netherlands), Senate
- **term start4**: 3 June 1986
- **term end4**: 23 June 1987
- **birth place**: Vlaardingen, Netherlands
- **death place**: Zoeterwoude, Netherlands
- **party**: Democrats 66
Suberin

**Suberin** is a waxy, waterproof substance that is found in plants. It is described as having a 'rubbery' material. Suberin blocks the movement of water and solutes. It is in the walls of cork cells. Suberin is named after the cork oak, _Quercus suber_.
Lamboing

**Lamboing** was a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Lamboing, Diesse and Prêles merged into the new municipality of Plateau de Diesse.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lamboing
- **municipality name**: Lamboing
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Lamboing COA.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Jura bernois (administrative district), Jura bernois
- **postal code**: 2516
- **municipality code**: 0722
- **area**: 9.1
- **elevation**: 820
- **population**: 680
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: www.lamboing.ch
- **mayor**: Monique Courbat
- **neighboring municipalities**: Diesse, Evilard, Nods, Switzerland, Nods, Orvin, Prêles, Tüscherz-Alfermée, Twann
Steffisburg

**Steffisburg** is a municipality in Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the municipality Schwendibach became part of Steffisburg.

## Other websites

- Official website of Steffisburg

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Steffisburg
- **municipality name**: Steffisburg
- **municipality type**: city
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Steffisburg COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Steffisburg.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Thun (administrative district), Thun
- **postal code**: 3612, 3613
- **municipality code**: 0939
- **area**: 13.5
- **elevation**: 585
- **population**: 15515
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **popofyear**: 2012
- **website**: www.steffisburg.ch
- **mayor**: Jürg Marti
- **mayor title**: Gemeindepräsident
- **executive name**: Gemeinderat
- **executive number of members**: 7
- **parliament name**: Grosser Gemeinderat
- **parliament number of members**: 34
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fahrni, Heimberg, Switzerland, Heimberg, Homberg, Switzerland, Homberg, Schwendibach, Thun
- **twintowns**: Jindřichův Hradec, Jindrichuv Hradec (Czech Republic)
Hebron Old Jewish Cemetery

**Hebron Jewish Cemetery** is an ancient cemetery in Hebron. the cemetery was open in 1290 near the "Cave of the Patriarchs (Tel Rumeida of today)".
The Last Judgment (Toma din Suceava)

***The Last Judgment*** is a fresco by Toma din Suceava at the Moldovita Monastery in Romania. The name of the work in Romanian is "Judecata de Apoi".

_The Last Judgment_ covers the west wall of the monastery.  It shows the day of judgment with a river of fire and the dead coming out of the sea. Prince Mohammed is one of the heretics. There are 105 paintings of angels near the roof.

The Moldovita Monastery also has famous frescos of the _Siege of Constantinople_ and the _Tree of Jesse_, showing Christ's genealogy.

## Prince Rares and the artists

The Moldovita Monastery is a UNESCO site.  It was started in 1532 by Prince Petru Rares, the illegitimate son of Stephen the Great. It was built on the location of an old stone church built by Alexandru cel Bun (1400-1432).  The old church fell in the early 16th century because of rain and landslides.

Petru Rares ruled Moldavia between 1527-1538 and 1541-1546.  He had new ideas for the churches in Bukovina. Rares hired artists to cover the walls of the churches with complicated designs of saints, prophets, and scenes from the life of Jesus.

The best preserved monasteries are in Sucevita, Moldovita, Voronet, Humor, Suceava, Pătrăuţi, and Probota.  Seven monasteries were put on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1993. The Moldovita Monastery was consecrated to the Annunciation (Romanian: "Bunei Vestiri") on March 25.  It is one of five monasteries in northern Moldavia with frescoes painted on the outside walls.

The monastery is in the style of Moldavian Gothic architecture.  It combines Gothic and Byzantine elements. It is a Romanian Orthodox monastery.

The Moldoviţa frescoes were completed by Toma of Suceava in 1537.  Toma of Suceava's painting is in the Italian Renaissance style, with humanized characters.

## The Last Judgment in art

The theme of death is a common subject for religious art, but the frescos in the monasteries in northern Moldavia are special.  These frescos are more complex than art in other areas of the former Byzantine Empire.  The Moldovan work was a model for Mount Athos.

The oldest image of the Last Judgment is from the seventh century CE.  It is in the _Christian Topography_ of Cosmas Indicopleustes. The manuscript is in the Vatican library. The first known frightening picture of the Judgment in fresco are from 1075.  They are in the church "San Angelo in Formis" near Naples.  The oldest mosaic with this theme is in Venice, in the church of Torcello. It is probably from the twelfth century.

## Other websites

- Churches of Moldavia photo gallery (UNESCO--public domain)
- The Christian Topography  by Cosmas Indicopleustes  fol 89r plate iii, scan of Codex Vat.gr.699 on Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana website
Canton of Capellen

**Capellen** () is a canton in Luxembourg.  Its capital is Capellen.

## History

On 1 January 2012, the _communes_ of Bascharage and Clemency were combined to make the new _commune_ of Käerjeng.

## Geography

With an area of , and a population (2017) of 47,209, the Capellen canton has a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The canton has the Redange canton to the north, the Mersch canton to northeast, the Luxembourg canton to the east and the Esch-sur-Alzette canton to the south. The canton borders, to the west, the _arrondissement_ of Arlon in Belgium.

## Communes

The Capellen canton consists of the following 10 communes (2017 population).
1. Dippach (4,178)
1. Garnich (2,099)
1. Hobscheid (3,518)
1. Käerjeng (10,232)), formed January 1, 2012 from:
    - Bascharage and
    - Clemency
1. Kehlen (5,903)
1. Koerich (2,528)
1. Kopstal (3,673)
1. Mamer (9,185)
1. Septfontaines (812)
1. Steinfort (5,081)

## Related pages

- Cantons of Luxembourg
- Districts of Luxembourg (a type of subdivision that no longer exists)
- List of cities in Luxembourg

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Canton of Capellen
- **native name**: Kanton Kapellen
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Luxembourg, Canton
- **image map**: Canton Capellen in Luxembourg.svg
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Luxembourg
- **subdivision type1**: Legislative constituency
- **subdivision name1**: Circonscription Sud (Luxembourg), Sud
- **subdivision type2**: Local administrative unit, LAU 1
- **subdivision name2**: LU00001
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Capellen
- **area total km2**: 199.2
- **area rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by area, 9th of 12
- **elevation max m**: 398
- **elevation max footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by highest point, 11th of 12)
- **elevation min m**: 242
- **elevation min footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by lowest point, 12th of 12)
- **population rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population, 3rd of 12
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population density, 3rd of 12
- **parts type**: Communes
<small>(List of cities in Luxembourg, cities in bold)</small>
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Dippach
Garnich
Habscht
Käerjeng
Kehlen
Koerich
Kopstal
Mamer
Steinfort
- **image shield**: Armoiries de Septfontaines 1.svg
Emergency medical services

Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are agencies that deal with medical emergencies, mostly by sending ambulances or other vehicles to help people who are severely ill or injured. Their job is to treat these people at the incident and to take them to a hospital if needed. There are several types types of staffing. Most Ambulances and other medical vehicles have personnel who provide Advanced levels of Emergency Medical Care. This is called Advanced Life Support (ALS). Sometimes it is called Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). Some ambulances or other medical vehicles also have staff with more basic training,and they are known as Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs). They provide Basic levels of Emergency Medical Care. This is called Basic Life Support (BLS). Sometimes there are both on Ambulances. Doctors sometimes assist with care.

The exact role of the emergency medical services varies by country. In some countries like the US and UK, their job is seen as bringing the patients from an incident to treatment. Until the 1970s, their ambulances carried patients to hospital and gave them little medical care. Since then, paramedics have been trained to give some medical care before they get to hospital. Other countries like France and Germany run them in a different way, where their job is seen as bringing treatment to the patients. In those countries, doctors work on ambulances and they try to treat patients at the scene rather than take them to the hospital.

The type of organization that provides emergency medical services also varies by country. This may be:
- A government EMS agency
- A fire department
- A hospital
- A business
- A non-profit organization, such as Red Cross and St John Ambulance

## Related pages

- Emergency medicine
- First aid
- Mass Gathering Medicine
- Battlefield medicine
- Wilderness medicine

## Further reading

- _Planning Emergency Medical Communications: Volume 2, Local/Regional Level Planning Guide_, (Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, US Department of Transportation, 1995).
- Prener, Christopher.  _Medicine at the Margins: EMS Workers in Urban America_ (Fordham University Press, 2022) online review

## Other websites

- "Emergency Medical Services in the European Union: report of an assessment project co-ordinated by the European Union"
- World Health Organization: Department of Violence and Injury Prevention "Prehospital Trauma Care Systems"
- Safety Guidelines: Emergency Response and Recovery Workers, by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health