juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Krispy Kreme

**Krispy Kreme** is the name of an international chain of doughnut shops that was made by Vernon Rudolph in 1937. The real parent company of Krispy Kreme is Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc.

While selling all types of doughnuts, Krispy Kreme's signature is a glazed doughnut that is traditionally served warm.

Loblaws supermarkets and Petro-Canada gas stations in Canada have Krispy Kreme. In the United Kingdom Tesco supermarkets, Tesco Extra and Moto service stations carry Krispy Kreme products.

## Puerto Rico

On May 6, 2008, the first Krispy Kreme shop in Puerto Rico opened, followed by two additional places in 2010 and one location in 2011.

## Texas

In 2002, Krispy Kreme opened a restaurant-style shop in the Amarillo area in Texas.

## Canada

The 18 stores that opened in Canada were reduced to four. Two of them are in Quebec while the other two stores are in Mississauga, Ontario and Delta, British Columbia. A small seasonal shop was recently opened in Wasaga Beach, Ontario. The Wasaga Beach receives its doughnuts from the Mississauga shop every morning. Another small store recently opened on November 3, 2010 in Toronto at Bathurst and Harbord Streets in the city's Harbord Village neighborhood.  This store got shipments from the Mississauga store. Krispy Kreme's Canadian assets were put up for sale in 2005 seven weeks after the U.S.-based doughnut company had the firm that owns the stores in Canada placed under bankruptcy protection.

## Japan

In Japan, over 27 shops of Krispy Kreme doughnuts opened around the country.

## Infobox (company)

- **company name**: Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc.
- **company logo**: Krispy Kreme logo.svg
- **company type**: Public company, Public ()
- **foundation**: 1937
- **location**: Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
- **num employees**: 3,700 (2011)
- **industry**: Restaurant
- **products**: Doughnuts
Sausage Rolls
Soft drinks
Hot Drinks
- **revenue**: 362 million United States dollar, USD (2011)
- **net income**: 7.6 million United States dollar, USD (2011)
- **homepage**: [http://krispykreme.com/ krispykreme.com]
Infinite (Eminem album)

***Infinite*** is the debut studio album by American rapper Eminem. It was released on November 12, 1996. It was produced by Jeff & Mark Bass, Denaun Porter, DJ Head, Eminem and DJ Rec. The album was given 2.5 out of 5 stars by Allmusic.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Infinite
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **released**: November 12, 1996
- **recorded**: December 1995 - June 1996
- **genre**: Hip hop music, Hip hop
- **label**: Web Entertainment
- **next title**: Slim Shady EP
- **next year**: 1997
The Slim Shady LP

***The Slim Shady LP*** is the second studio album and the major-label debut by American rapper, Eminem. It was released on February 23, 1999 and was produced by Dr. Dre, Eminem, Mark & Jeff Bass, and Mel-Man. The album got critical and commercial success. It debuted at number two on the _Billboard_ 200 charts. The first single from the album is "My Name Is". It earned Eminem a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was included in _Rolling Stone Magazine_<nowiki/>'s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. The three songs "If I Had", "'97 Bonnie & Clyde" (originally titled "Just the Two of Us"), and "Just Don't Give a Fuck" originated from Slim Shady EP.

## Track listing

**Notes**
- signifies a co-producer.
- signifies a pre-production.
- On the clean version of the album, "Bitch", "Cum on Everybody", "Just Don't Give a Fuck", and "Still Don't Give a Fuck" are respectively retitled "Zoe", "Come on Everybody", "Just Don't Give", and "Still Don't Give".
- Some online platforms (such as Myspace) include an alternate clean version of the album which completely removes the song "Guilty Conscience".

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Slim Shady LP
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **released**: February 23, 1999
- **recorded**: 1997–1998
- **studio**: Studio 8 (Ferndale, Michigan)
- **genre**: * Hip hop music, Hip hop
* horrorcore
* comedy hip hop
- **length**: 59:39
- **label**: * Aftermath Entertainment, Aftermath
* Interscope Records, Interscope
* Web Entertainment, Web
- **producer**: * Dr. Dre
* Eminem
* Bass Brothers, Mark & Jeff Bass
* Melvin "Mel-Man" Bradford, Mel-Man
- **prev title**: Slim Shady EP
- **prev year**: 1997
- **next title**: The Marshall Mathers LP
- **next year**: 2000
Gampopa

**Gampopa Sonam Rinchen** (1079–1153) is Tibetan Buddhist teacher - lama, holder of the Kagyu school, one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.

He was the most important (or son like) student of Milarepa.

In his young years Gampopa was a physician in Dagpo region of S. Tibet. Before studying under Milarepa, Gampopa had studied the Kadampa tradition, which belongs to gradual Mahayana path. He searched for, and eventually met Milarepa, and attained realization of ultimate reality under his guidance.

He combined the Lamrim teachings and methods from the Kadampa masters with the Mahamudra insights of Milarepa. Among his many writings, one of the most notable is the Jewel Ornament of Liberation, originally titled _Damcho Yishingyi Norbu Tarpa Rinpoche Gyan_.

Four of his disciples  founded the four "major" Kagyu schools:
- Barom Kagyu founded by Barompa Darma Wangchug
- Phagdru Kagyu founded by Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo
- Karma Kagyu, also known as the Kamtsang Kagyu School, founded by Düsum Khyenpa the 1st Karmapa
- Tsalpa Kagyu founded by Zhang Yudragpa Tsondru Drag
The Marshall Mathers LP

***The Marshall Mathers LP*** is the third studio album by American rapper, Eminem. _The Marshall Mathers LP_ was released on May 23, 2000 and was produced by Dr. Dre, Mel-Man, Bass Brothers, Eminem and The 45 King. _The Marshall Mathers LP 2_, which is the sequel to _The Marshall Mathers LP_, was released on November 5, 2013.

## Track listing

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes and Tidal

**Notes**
- signifies a co-producer
- Dina Rae goes uncredited as being featured
- signifies a remixer

## Reception

It was widely praised by music and hip-hop critics, and is considered one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. The album was given 5 out of 5 stars by Allmusic.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Marshall Mathers LP
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **recorded**: 1999–2000
- **genre**: * Horrorcore
* hardcore hip hop
- **length**: 72:04
- **label**: * Aftermath Entertainment, Aftermath
* Interscope Records, Interscope
* Polydor Records, Polydor
* Universal Music Group, Universal
- **producer**: * Dr. Dre (also Executive producer, exec.)
* Eminem
* Bass Brothers, F.B.T.
* Melvin "Mel-Man" Bradford, Mel-Man
* The 45 King
- **prev title**: The Slim Shady LP
- **prev year**: 1999
- **next title**: The Eminem Show
- **next year**: 2002
Trill consonant

A **trill** consonant is a consonant that is made by vibrating an articulator, or hitting it many times against something else. For example, the <rr> in the Spanish word "perro" is an alveolar trill, commonly known as a rolled r, where the tongue is hit many times against the alveolar ridge, or the place just behind the teeth. This vibration is caused by a flow of air.

There are three trill consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet. These are:

- - alveolar trill
- - bilabial trill, where the lips are trilled.
- - uvular trill, where the uvula is trilled.
The Eminem Show

***The Eminem Show*** is the fourth studio album by American rapper Eminem. It was released on May 26, 2002 and was produced by Eminem, Jeff Bass, Dr. Dre, and Mr. Porter. The album was given 4 out of 5 stars by Allmusic. In 2022, the album was certified twelve-times-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for sales of over twelve million copies.

## Track listing

**Notes**
- signifies a co-producer.
- signifies an additional producer.
- Early clean versions of the album replace "Drips" with 4 seconds of silence. Later clean versions feature an edited version of the song.
- Another censored version of the album did not allow the words "goddamn", "prick", "bastard", "piss", "bitch", "ass", "shit" and "fuck" to be left uncensored.
- "Curtain Close (skit)" is performed by Ken Kaniff, who Eminem portrays at the end of the album before continuing on with the persona on _Relapse_ in 2009, as displayed in the album booklet.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Eminem Show
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **released**: May 26, 2002
- **recorded**: 2001–02
- **genre**: * Hip hop music, Hip hop
* rap rock
* political hip hop
- **length**: 77:19
- **label**: * Shady Records, Shady
* Aftermath Entertainment, Aftermath
* Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: * Eminem
* Jeff Bass
* Dr. Dre
* DJ Head
* Mr. Porter
- **prev title**: The Marshall Mathers LP
- **prev year**: 2000
- **next title**: Encore (Eminem album), Encore
- **next year**: 2004
Encore (album)

***Encore*** is the fifth studio album by American rapper Eminem. _Encore_ was released on November 12, 2004 and was produced by Dr. Dre, Eminem, Luis Resto, Mike Elizondo and Mark Batson. The album was given 3 out of 5 stars by Allmusic. It was nominated for Best Rap Album, Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for the song "Encore" and Best Rap Solo Performance for "Mockingbird" at the 48th Grammy Awards.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Encore
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **released**: November 12, 2004
- **recorded**: 2003-2004
- **prev title**: The Eminem Show
- **prev year**: 2002
- **next title**: Curtain Call: The Hits
- **next year**: 2005
Relapse (album)

***Relapse*** is the sixth studio album by American rapper, Eminem. _Relapse_ was released on May 15, 2009. It was produced by Dr. Dre, Eminem, Dawaun Parker, Mark Batson, Trevor Lawrence, Doc Ish, Boi-1da. The album was given 4 out of 5 stars by Allmusic.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Relapse
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Eminem
- **recorded**: 2005–2009
- **prev title**: Curtain Call: The Hits
- **prev year**: 2005
- **next title**: Relapse (Eminem album)#Relapse: Refill, Relapse 2 and Recovery, Relapse: Refill
- **next year**: 2009
Demersal

**Demersal** animals live on or near the bottom of the sea or lakes. The term is usually applied to fish.

They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word _demersal_ comes from the Latin _demergere_, which means _to sink_.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column. Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four percent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 percent.
S&M Airlines

***S&M Airlines*** is the second studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. _S&M Airlines_ was released on September 5, 1989. The producer of the album was Brett Gurewitz. The last track on the album is a cover of the Fleetwood Mac song, "Go On Your Way".

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: S&M Airlines
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: NOFX
- **released**: September 5, 1989
- **recorded**: March 1989
- **genre**: Punk rock, hardcore punk
- **length**: 33:42
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Epitaph Records, Epitaph
- **producer**: Brett Gurewitz
- **prev title**: Liberal Animation
- **prev year**: 1988
- **next title**: Ribbed
- **next year**: 1991
Ribbed

***Ribbed*** is the third studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. _Ribbed_ was released on March 26, 1991. The producer of the album was Brett Gurewitz. _Ribbed_ was also the last album produced for the band by Brett Gurewitz.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Ribbed
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: NOFX
- **released**: March 26, 1991
- **recorded**: September 1990
- **genre**: Punk rock
- **length**: 28:37
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Epitaph Records, Epitaph
- **producer**: Brett Gurewitz
- **prev title**: S&M Airlines
- **prev year**: 1989
- **next title**: Maximum Rocknroll (album), Maximum Rocknroll
- **next year**: 1992
Selena Etc.

**Selena Etc.** is American singer Selena's clothing store chain. She began designing and manufacturing in 1993 and opened two boutiques. The two stores were in Corpus Christi and the other in San Antonio. Both had beauty salons. _Hispanic Business_ reported that the singer earned over $5,000,000 dollars from these boutiques. One was going to open in Monterrey, Mexico in 1995 but did not because of her death. In 2009, Chris Perez, widower of Selena, had to close the stores due to the recession of 2007.

## Other websites

- official website
Through the Years/A Traves de los Años

***Through the Years/A Traves de los Años*** is a album by American singer Selena. The album contained an unreleased song called "Feelings". The song was recorded when Selena was only 7 years old.

The album peaked at number 28 on the Top Latin Albums Chart and was certified Gold by the RIAA.

## Track listing

1. Feelings (unreleased)
1. Como Te Quiero Yo A Ti
1. Tu Solamente Tu
1. Tu No Sabes
1. Que
1. Sukiyaki
1. Amame, Quiereme
1. Yo Te Amo
1. Ya Ves
1. Yo Te Sigo Queriendo
1. Amame
1. No Debes Jugar
1. La Llamada
1. Fotos Y Recuerdos
1. Ya No
1. Dreaming of You
1. Puede Ser

### Weekly charts

|Chart (2007)|Peak position|
| --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|28|
|style="text-align:center;"|13|

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Through the Years / A Traves de los Años
- **type**: Greatest Hits
- **artist**: Selena
- **released**: April 3, 2007 <small>(U.S.)</small>
- **recorded**: 1994
- **genre**: Tejano music, Tejano/Latin pop
- **length**: 43:00
- **label**: EMI Latin, EMI
- **producer**: A.B. Quintanilla
- **prev title**: Dos Historias
(2006)
- **next title**: La Leyenda
(2010)
Wet 'n Wild (brand)

**Wet 'n Wild** is a chain of waterparks including Wet 'n Wild Orlando and Wet 'n Wild Hawaii. Orlando's Wet 'n Wild is across the street from Universal Studios Orlando. Wet 'n Wild is owned by Universal Parks in Orlando.

## Other websites

- Wet 'n Wild website
Alice Paul

**Alice Stokes Paul** (January 11, 1885 – July 9, 1977) was an American suffragist and activist. Along with Lucy Burns and others, she led a successful campaign for women's suffrage. Her work resulted in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920. Burns was part of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and had been treated badly as Paul was but went to save women rights by suffering. Burns met Paul in the police station in London when both were arrested because they were protesting in front of the British Parliament

Paul was the original author of a proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution in 1923. The ERA would not get to the Senate for a vote until 1972. That year, it was approved by the Senate and submitted to the state legislatures for ratification. Approval by 38 states was required to ratify the amendment. Not enough states (only 35) voted in favor before the deadline. However, people still work to have the states pass the ERA passed by Congress in the 1970s. Other people are working to add a new equality amendment to the US Constitution. Also, almost half of the states have adopted the ERA into their state constitutions.

## References

- Adams, Katherine H. and Michael L. Keene. _Alice Paul and the American Suffrage Campaign_.  University of Illinois Press, 2007.
- Walton, Mary. _A Woman's Crusade: Alice Paul and the Battle for the Ballot_.  Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

## Other websites

- (Westfield Friends Burial Ground, Cinnaminson, New Jersey)
- The Alice Paul Institute
- Alice Paul  at Lakewood Public Library:  Women In History
- The Sewall-Belmont House & Museum—Home of the historic National Woman's Party
- Biographical sketch  at the University of Pennsylvania
White Trash, Two Heebs and a Bean

***White Trash, Two Heebs and a Bean*** is the fourth studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. _White Trash, Two Heebs and a Bean_ was released on November 5, 1992. The producer of the album was Donnell Cameron, NOFX. The original album title was going to be _White Trash, Two Kikes, and a Spic_ but guitar player Eric Melvin changed it after feeling guilty. It is also the first album with guitar player El Hefe.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: White Trash, Two Heebs and a Bean
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: NOFX
- **released**: November 5, 1992
- **recorded**: August 1992
- **genre**: Punk rock, skate punk, ska punk
- **length**: 28:37
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Epitaph Records, Epitaph
- **producer**: Donnell Cameron, NOFX
- **prev title**: Maximum Rocknroll (album), Maximum Rocknroll
- **prev year**: 1992
- **next title**: Punk in Drublic
- **next year**: 1994
Punk in Drublic

***Punk in Drublic*** is the fourth studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. _Punk in Drublic_ was released on July 19, 1994. The producers of the album were Ryan Greene and Fat Mike. It is NOFX's most successful album and peaked at #12 on _Billboard_'s Heatseekers chart.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Punk in Drublic
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: NOFX
- **released**: July 19, 1994
- **recorded**: 1993-1994
- **genre**: Punk rock
- **length**: 39:54
- **language**: English language, English
- **label**: Epitaph Records, Epitaph
- **producer**: Ryan Greene, Fat Mike
- **prev title**: White Trash, Two Heebs and a Bean
- **prev year**: 1992
- **next title**: I Heard They Suck Live!!
- **next year**: 1995
Canton of Lucerne

**Lucerne** (German: _Luzern_, Swiss German: _Lozärn_, French: _Lucerne_, Italian: _Lucerna_, Romansh: _Lucerna_) is a canton of Switzerland. It can be found in the centre of Switzerland. As of 31 December 2018, the canton has 409,557 people lived there. The capital is Lucerne.

## Districts

The Canton of Lucerne has six districts:
- Entlebuch
- Hochdorf
- Lucerne-Land
- Lucerne-Stadt
- Sursee
- Willisau

## Municipalities

The Canton of Lucerne has 82 municipalities ():

## Other websites

- Official Site
- Public Records Office / State Archive
- Official Statistics
- Geoportal  GIS

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kanton Luzern
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Switzerland, Canton
- **image shield**: Wappen Luzern matt.svg
- **shield size**: 80x80px
- **map alt**: Map of Switzerland, location of Lucerne highlighted
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Lucerne
- **parts type**: Subdivisions
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Municipalities of the canton of Lucerne, 87 municipalities
- **leader title**: List of cantonal executives of Switzerland, Executive
- **leader name**: Regierungsrat (5)
- **leader title1**: List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland, Legislative
- **leader name1**: Kantonsrat (120)
- **population density km2**: auto
- **iso code**: CH-LU
- **blank name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Highest point
- **blank info sec1**: : Brienzer Rothorn
- **blank1 name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Lowest point
- **blank1 info sec1**: : Reuss (river), Reuss plain at Honau, Switzerland, Honauer Schachen
- **blank name sec2**: History of Switzerland#Order of accession of the cantons, Joined
- **blank info sec2**: 1332
- **blank1 name sec2**: Languages
- **blank1 info sec2**: German
Basel-Landschaft

The **Canton of Basel-Landschaft** is a canton of Switzerland. The capital is Liestal.

## Districts

There are five districts:
- Arlesheim with capital Arlesheim
- Laufen with capital Laufen
- Liestal with capital Liestal
- Sissach with capital Sissach
- Waldenburg with capital Waldenburg

## Municipalities

There are 86 municipalities:

## Other websites

- Official statistics

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kanton Basel-Landschaft
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Switzerland, Canton
- **image shield**: Wappen Basel-Landschaft matt.svg
- **shield size**: 80x80px
- **map alt**: Map of Switzerland, location of Basel-Landschaft highlighted
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Liestal
- **seat1 type**: Largest city
- **seat1**: Allschwil
- **parts type**: Subdivisions
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Municipalities of the canton of Basel-Landschaft, 86 municipalities
- **p2**: Districts of Switzerland#Canton of Basel-Country, 5 districts
- **leader title**: List of cantonal executives of Switzerland, Executive
- **leader name**: Regierungsrat (5)
- **leader title1**: List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland, Legislative
- **leader name1**: Landrat (90)
- **population density km2**: auto
- **iso code**: CH-BL
- **blank name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Highest point
- **blank info sec1**: : Hinteri Egg
- **blank1 name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Lowest point
- **blank1 info sec1**: : confluence of the river Birs with the Rhine, at Birsfelden
- **blank name sec2**: History of Switzerland#Order of accession of the cantons, Joined
- **blank info sec2**: 1501
- **blank1 name sec2**: Languages
- **blank1 info sec2**: German language, German
Basel-Stadt

**Basel-Stadt** is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland. The capital is Basel. It is the smallest canton by area.

## Municipalities

There are three municipalities:
|colspan="1" bgcolor="#BEBEBE" width="220"|**Municipality**|colspan="1" bgcolor="#BEBEBE" width="140"|**Population** <small>()</small>|colspan="1" bgcolor="#BEBEBE" width="110"|**Area**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Basel||||||
|Bettingen||||||
|Riehen||||||

## Other websites

- Official statistics

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: Cantons of Switzerland, Canton
- **image shield**: Wappen Basel-Stadt matt.svg
- **shield size**: 80x80px
- **map alt**: Map of Switzerland, location of Basel-Stadt highlighted
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Basel
- **parts type**: Subdivisions
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Municipalities of the canton of Basel-Stadt, 3 municipalities
- **leader title**: List of cantonal executives of Switzerland, Executive
- **leader name**: Executive Council of Basel-Stadt, Executive Council (7)
- **leader title1**: List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland, Legislative
- **leader name1**: Grand Council of Basel-Stadt, Grand Council (100)
- **population density km2**: auto
- **iso code**: CH-BS
- **blank name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Highest point
- **blank info sec1**: : St. Chrischona
- **blank1 name sec1**: List of cantons of Switzerland by elevation, Lowest point
- **blank1 info sec1**: : Rhine shore, national border at
- **blank name sec2**: History of Switzerland#Order of accession of the cantons, Joined
- **blank info sec2**: 1501
- **blank1 name sec2**: Languages
- **blank1 info sec2**: German language, German
Canton of Neuchâtel

**Neuchâtel** is a French-speaking canton in western Switzerland. As of 2018, 176,850 people lived there. The capital is Neuchâtel.

## Geography

To the northeast it borders the canton of Bern, to the northwest France (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). Lake Neuchâtel lies southeast of the canton, while the canton of Vaud is southwest of the canton of Neuchâtel. The canton lies in the central area of the Jura Mountains.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Official statistics
PlayStation Vita

The  is a handheld game console made by Sony Computer Entertainment. It is the replacement model to the PlayStation Portable. It was released in Japan on December 17, 2011. It was released in Europe, North America, South America and Singapore on February 22, 2012. It was released in Australia on February 23, 2012.

It competed with the Nintendo 3DS. It is part of the eighth generation of gaming.

## Discontinuation

It was discontinued on Amazon on October 12, 2017 and worldwide on March 1, 2019.

## PlayStation 4 Connection

All games made for the PlayStation 4, with the exception of games requiring the use of special devices such as PlayStation Camera, are playable on the Vita through Remote Play. With the use of a Vita, PS4, and PS4 game, this allows a PS4 game to be run on the PS4, but its screen sent to the Vita, with the Vita being used for the controller, and the image and sound being sent to the Vita's screen and speakers instead of a television. The end result is similar to what a Wii U console does with its GamePad controller through Off-TV Play. The Vita technically has Remote Play functionality with the PlayStation 3 as well, though very few PS3 games supported the feature due to limitations with the less-powerful PS3 hardware. More PS3 games are available for streaming on the Vita through Sony's cloud gaming service PlayStation Now, though they are streamed over the internet in the form of cloud computing rather than directly from a physical PS3 console. First added in 2014, the service was announced to be removed from the Vita on August 15, 2017.

## Infobox (information appliance)

- **title**: PlayStation Vita
- **logo**: PlayStation Vita logo.svg
- **image**: PlayStation Vita illustration.svg
- **manufacturer**: Sony Computer Entertainment
- **family**: PlayStation
- **type**: Handheld game console
- **generation**: History of video game consoles (eighth generation), Eighth generation
- **discontinued**: October 12, 2017 (Amazon)

- **cpu**: up to 2 GHz Quad-core ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore
- **gpu**: Quad-core PowerVR SGXMP, PowerVR SGX543MP4+
- **camera**: Front and back 0.3MP cameras
- **sound**: Stereo speakers, microphone
- **ram**: 512 MB RAM, 128 MB VRAM
- **media**: PlayStation Vita card#PlayStation Vita game card, PS Vita Card
- **storage**: PS Vita memory card (4, 8, 16 or 32 GB)
- **display**: 5-inch (16:9) OLED multi-touch capacitive touchscreen, approximately 17 million colors, 960 × 544 qHD @ 220 ppi
- **dimensions**: _(h)_
 _(w)_
 _(d)_
- **input**: * Touchscreen
* Rear touchpad
* Sixaxis motion sensing
* Three-axis electronic compass
* D-pad
* 12 × Buttons
<small>(, , , , L, R, Start, Select, PS, Volume ±, Power)</small>
* 2 × Analog sticks
- **weight**: <small>**Wi-Fi:**

**3G:**
</small>
- **connectivity**: IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11b-1999, b/IEEE 802.11g-2003, g/IEEE 802.11n-2009, n Wi-Fi, 3G, Bluetooth#Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR, Bluetooth 2.1+EDR
- **onlineservice**: PlayStation Network
- **units sold**: 10.27 million (as of April 24, 2015)
- **compatibility**: PlayStation Portable (download only)
- **predecessor**: PlayStation Portable
La Salle University

**La Salle University** is a private, co-educational, Roman Catholic university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The university has about 7,554 students. It was founded in 1863. The current president of the university is Bro. Michael McGinniss.

## Sports

The athletics teams of the university are called the Explorers. They have 23 varsity teams and they compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference.

## Other websites

- La Salle University's Official website
- La Salle Explorers' Official athletics website
George Washington University

The **George Washington University** is a private, coeducational university in Washington, D.C.. The university has about 24,531 students. It was founded on February 9, 1821. The current president of the university is Steven Knapp.

## Sports

The athletics teams of the university are called the Revolutionaries. They have 22 varsity teams and they compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference.

## Other websites

- George Washington University's Official website
- George Washington Revolutionaries Official athletics website
Monoculture

**Monoculture** is growing a single crop in a large area.  Farmers decide what is the best crop, and grow only that. This is very common in modern agriculture, as it simplifies the farm and allows relatively few people to harvest large amounts.  Often the crop of a large area is not merely a single species, but a single variety.  Monocultures have problems, however: Pests and diseases that attack only one kind of plant can spread more easily when they only find that kind.

Each kind of plant also needs particular nutrients from the soil.  Fertilizers are used to supply that nutrient.  Crop rotation is used in some areas.

## Related pages

- Plantation
Rahonavis

***Rahonavis*** is a genus of bird-like feathered dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous, 70–65 million years ago (mya) of what is now northwestern Madagascar.

It is known from a partial skeleton found in a quarry. _Rahonavis_ was a small predator, at about  long, with the typical _Velociraptor_-like raised sickle claw on the second toe.

## Classification

_Rahonavis_ has quill knobs on its ulna (forearm bone), which led at first to its inclusion among the birds. However, the rest of the skeleton is rather typically dromaeosaurid.

Makovicky and colleagues consider _Rahonavis_ to be closely related to the South American dromaeosaurids _Unenlagia_ and _Buitreraptor_, and thus a member of the subfamily Unenlagiinae. Norell and colleagues (2006) also found _Rahonavis_ to lie within the Unenlagiinae, as the sister taxon to _Unenlagia_ itself. A 2007 study by Turner and colleagues again found it to be closely related to _Unenlagia_.  However, studies published since 2009 that have found many traditional "dromaeosaurids", including the unenlagiines, closer to Avialae than to dromaeosaurines. A cladistic analysis recovered _Rahonavis_ as a probable relative of _Jeholornis_ and _Jixiangornis_.

## Paleobiology

_Rahonavis_ was one-fifth larger than the closely related _Archaeopteryx_, about the size of a modern raven.

Although numerous artists' reconstructions of _Rahonavis_ show it in flight, it is not clear that it could fly. There is even been some doubt that the forearm material, which includes the quill knobs, belongs with the rest of the skeleton. Some researchers have suggested that _Rahonavis_ represents a chimaera, with the forelimb of a bird mixed with the skeleton of a dromaeosaurid.

The nearby discovery of the primitive bird _Vorona berivotrensis_ shows that the possibility of a mix-up cannot be entirely excluded. However, many other scientists, including the original describers of _Rahonavis_, think its remains belong to a single animal. The wing bones are close to the rest of the skeleton. All the bones attributed to _Rahonavis_ were buried in an area "smaller than a letter-sized page", according to co-describer Luis M. Chiappe in his 2007 book _Glorified Dinosaurs_. Chiappe maintained that _Rahonavis_ could probably fly, noting that its ulna was large and robust compared to _Archaeopteryx_, and that this fact, coupled with the prominent quill knobs, suggest that _Rahonavis_ had larger and more powerful wings than that earlier bird. In addition, _Rahonavis_ shoulder bones show evidence of ligament attachments allowing the independent mobility needed for flapping flight. Chiappe concluded that _Rahonavis_ was capable of flight, though it would have been more "clumsy in the air than modern birds".
Gran Turismo 2

***Gran Turismo 2*** is the second racing game in the _Gran Turismo_ series. Game is developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment in 1999 for PlayStation. The game has over 500 cars  and over 20 tracks.
UEFA Women's Championship

The **UEFA Women's Championship** is the women's version of the UEFA European Football Championship. Germany has had the most titles so far (eight titles). The first champion of the tournament was Sweden
The tournament was founded in 1984. The current champions are Germany. Three of the tournaments have been part of the **European Competition for Representative Women's Teams** and all the rest have been _UEFA Women's Championship_.

## Results

|rowspan=2 width=5%|Editions|rowspan=2 width=5%|Years|rowspan=2 width=10%|Host nation||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|width = 1% rowspan=17|||||||||||
|width = 1% rowspan=17|||||||||||
|width="1%" rowspan=17|||||||||||
|1|1984|align=left|_No official host_|****|**1–1** (agg.)||colspan=3|and|4||
|2|1987|align=left||****|**2–1**|||**2–1**||4|
|3|1989|align=left||****|**4–1**|||**2–1**||4|
|4|1991|align=left||****|**3–1**|||**2–1**||4|
|5|1993|align=left||****|**1–0**|||**3–1**||4|
|6|1995|align=left|_No official host_|****|**3–2**||colspan=3|and|4||
|7|1997|align=left||****|**2–0**||colspan=3|and|8||
|8|2001|align=left||****|**1–0**||colspan=3|and|8||
|9|2005|align=left||****|**3–1**||colspan=3|and|8||
|10|2009|align=left||****|**6–2**||colspan=3|and|12||
|11|2013|align=left||****|**1–0**||colspan=3|and|12||
|12|2017|align=left||****|**4–2**||colspan=3|and|16||
|13|2022|align=left||****|**2–1**||colspan=3|and|16||
|14|2025|align=left||****|**1–1**||colspan=3|and|16||
|15|2029|||||colspan=3||16|||
Buddhism in Bangladesh

**Buddhism** is the third largest religion in **Bangladesh** with about 0.7% of population adhering to Theravada Buddhism. Most of the practitioners are from the south-eastern district of Chittagong and Chittagong Hill Tracts.
Soweto

**Soweto** is a part of Johannesburg, South Africa. The name used to stand for **Southwestern townships**. The vast majority of its residents are South Africans. Soweto is known for the Soweto Uprising which occurred in 1976.
Synagogue of Besançon

The **synagogue of Besançon** () is a synagogue in the French city of Besançon, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It was built in the center of the city between 1869 and 1871 by Pierre Manotte, and has a Moroccan style.

This Jewish shrine replaced an old flad that held everyone in Besançon, about 600 persons in the 1860s. The new building just can hold about 200 persons. All rites are Sephardi.

## Related pages

- Besançon
- Jewish cemetery of Besançon
Helle Thorning-Schmidt

**Helle Thorning-Schmidt**  (born 14 December 1966) is a Danish politician. She is the leader of the Danish Social Democrats and is the first female Prime Minister of Denmark. She left the government in 2015.

## Early life and education

Helle Thorning-Schmidt was born in Rødovre to Holger Thorning-Schmidt and his wife Grete. Thorning-Schmidt's father was a lecturer in mathematics and national economics at the University of Copenhagen. Her parents were both politically conservative and she grew up in the Copenhagen suburb of Ishøj.

## As Prime Minister

She was elected to Prime Minister of Denmark on September 15, 2011, and her government took over at October 3, 2011, from the liberal Lars Løkke Rasmussen.

She formed the government with the Social Liberal Party (Det Radikale Venstre) and the Socialist People's Party (Socialistisk Folkeparti). Together they had 77 seats, and with the support of their parliamentary basis, Unity (Enhedslisten), obtain the 89 seats. Furthermore, she has the support of the North Atlantic - two seats from Greenland and one from the Faroe Islands.

## Personal life

She is married to Stephen Kinnock, only son of British politician Neil Kinnock.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Helle Thorning-Schmidt
- **image**: Helle Thorning-Schmidt at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland on 17 January 2024 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Thorning-Schmidt in 2024
- **office**: Prime Minister of Denmark
- **monarch**: Margrethe II of Denmark, Margrethe II
- **deputy**: Margrethe Vestager
- **term start**: 3 October 2011
- **term end**: 28 June 2015
- **predecessor**: Lars Løkke Rasmussen
- **successor**: Lars Løkke Rasmussen
- **birth place**: Rødovre, Denmark
- **nationality**: Danish
- **party**: Social Democrats (Denmark), Social Democrats
- **spouse**: Stephen Kinnock <small>(1996–present)</small>
- **children**: 2 daughters
- **alma mater**: University of Copenhagen
College of Europe
- **signature**: Accession Treaty 2011 Helle Thorning-Schmidt signature.svg
Samantha Stosur

**Samantha Jane "Sam" Stosur**  (born 30 March 1984) is an Australian professional tennis player.  She won the 2011 US Open singles title and was a finalist at the 2010 French Open.  Stosur is ranked World No. 5 and her career high in singles is World No. 4, achieved on 21 February 2011. She is a former world No. 1 on the WTA Tour in doubles with Lisa Raymond from the United States.She is currently Australian Number  1.
Pallas

**Pallas** () was a Titan from Greek mythology. He was associated with war, killed by Athena in the contest to fight for Zeus. Most sources say he was the son of Crius and Eurybia, the brother of Astraeus and Perses, and the husband of Styx. He was the father of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia. In addition, he has been named as the father of Scylla, Fontes, and Lacus. Some say he was the son of Megamedes and father of Selene, and is also recorded as the father of Eos.

The city Pellene, in Achaea, was named after Pallas, as was the asteroid 2 Pallas.

## Related pages

- Athena, sometimes called "Pallas Athena"
Childhood obesity

**Childhood obesity** consists of excess body fat that adversely affects children's health and well being. Obesity for children is _especially_ dangerous because many overweight children will become overweight adults. Health problems related to overweight kids include but are not limited to Type 2 diabetes in adolescence and young adulthood, heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure, diseases which until recently were not common in children and teenagers.
Fricative consonant

A **fricative consonant** is a consonant that is made when you squeeze air through a small hole or gap in your mouth. For example, the gaps between your teeth can make fricative consonants; when these gaps are used, the fricatives are called sibilants. Some examples of sibilants in English are , , , and .

English has a fairly large number of fricatives, and it has both voiced and voiceless fricatives. Its voiceless fricatives are [s], , [f], and [θ], and its voiced fricatives are [z], [ʒ], [v], and [ð]

## Sibilant fricatives

This is a list of sibilant fricatives.

- voiceless coronal sibilant, as in English _sip_
- voiced coronal sibilant, as in English _zip_
- voiceless palat-alveolar sibilant (domed, partially palatalized), as in English _ship_
- voiced palat-alveolar sibilant (domed, partially palatalized), as the _s_ in English _vision_
- voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant (laminal, palatalized)
- voiced alveo-palatal sibilant (laminal, palatalized)
- voiceless retroflex sibilant (apical or subapical)
- voiced retroflex sibilant (apical or subapical)

## Non-sibilant fricatives

- voiceless bilabial fricative
- voiced bilabial fricative
- voiceless labiodental fricative, as in English _fine_
- voiced labiodental fricative, as in English _vine_
- voiceless dental fricative, as in English _thing_
- voiced dental fricative, as in English _that_
- voiced alveolar fricative trill
- voiceless palatal fricative
- voiced palatal fricative
- voiceless velar fricative
- voiced velar fricative
- voiceless palatal-velar fricative
- voiceless uvular fricative
- voiced uvular fricative
- voiceless pharyngeal fricative
- voiced pharyngeal fricative
- voiceless epiglottal fricative
- voiced epiglottal fricative

## Lateral fricatives

- voiceless coronal lateral fricative
- voiced coronal lateral fricative

## Pseudo-fricatives

- voiceless glottal transition, as in English _hat_
- breathy-voiced glottal transition

In many languages, such as English, the glottal "fricatives," like the  in English "hat", are not really fricatives because throughout the length of time it takes to produce this speech sound, the state of the gaps or holes in your mouth remains unchanged, without being joined by any manner, fricative or otherwise. They may be mistaken for real glottal constriction in a number of languages, such as Finnish.

## Other websites

- Fricatives in English
Central limit theorem

In probability theory and statistics, the **central limit theorems**, abbreviated as **CLT**, are theorems about the limiting behaviors of aggregated probability distributions. They say that given a large number of independent random variables, their sum will follow a stable distribution. If the variance of the random variables is finite, then a Gaussian distribution will result. This is one of the reasons why this distribution is also known as _normal_ distribution.

The best known and most important of these is known as _the central limit theorem_. It is about large numbers of random variables with the same distribution, each with an identical finite variance and expected value.

More specifically, if  are _n_ identical and independently distributed random variables with mean  and standard deviation , then the distribution of their sample mean, , as _n_ gets large, is approximately normal with mean  and standard deviation . Furthermore, the distribution of their sum, , as _n_ gets large, is also approximately normal, with mean  and standard deviation .

There are different generalisations of this theorem. Some of these generalisations no longer require an identical distribution of all random variables. In these generalisations, another precondition makes sure that no single random variable has a bigger influence on the outcome than the others. Examples are the Lindeberg and Lyapunov conditions.

The name of the theorem is based on a paper George Pólya written in 1920, _About the Central Limit Theorem in Probability Theory and the Moment problem_.

## Related pages

- Standard error
Chocolate gravy

**Chocolate gravy** is a type of gravy made with fat, flour, cocoa powder and sometimes sugar. In the United States, there is a dish called biscuits and gravy, for which chocolate gravy is often used.
Waziristan

**Waziristan** (Pashto and ), "land of the Wazir" is a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan and covering about . It was part of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, which was not part of any of the country's four provinces. It is now part of the province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

## Legal status

Though declared by the rebels as a "state" or "emirate", there are questions whether the region should have that name. Those who support that the region is a state point to the facts that the federal government has little to no power in the region and that the area is ruled mostly by tribal elders. The Taliban are reported to control most of the region with its own style of Sharia rule, which the Pakistan government has been unable to stop. Such bold show of autonomy has led one writer in the _Wall Street Journal_ to remark that Waziristan was a "state within a state."
Chemical biology

**Chemical biology** is a science that combines the fields of chemistry and biology. It involves the application of chemical techniques and tools, often compounds produced through synthetic chemistry, to the study and manipulation of biological systems.

It is different from biochemistry. Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of biological molecules. For example, a biochemist studies the three-dimensional structure of a protein and how that structure relates to the chemistry of the protein. Also, biochemistry studies the way enzymes work. Chemical biologists use chemical principles to modulate systems. They do this to either investigate biology relationships or create new functions. In this way, the research done by chemical biologists is often closer to that of cell biology than biochemistry. Biochemists work in the chemistry of biology, but chemical biologists work in chemistry applied to biology.

## Other websites

- Chemical Biology - BioChemWeb.org
- Chemical Biology Doctoral Training Centre, Imperial College London
Abdominal obesity

**Abdominal obesity**, also called **central body obesity**, is a condition involving excess fat surrounding the abdomen and an increase in waist size in humans. Obesity in this area is linked to Type 2 Diabetes, insulin resistance and heart disease in humans of both genders.
John George Kemeny

**John George Kemeny** (31 May 1926 - 26 December 1992) developed BASIC with Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College, in 1964.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John George Kemeny
- **birth date**: 31 May 1926
- **birth place**: Budapest, Hungary
- **death place**: Hanover, New Hampshire
Odontochelys

***Odontochelys*** is the oldest known turtle to have been discovered. It was first described from three 220 million year-old specimens excavated in Upper Triassic rocks in Guizhou, China.

As a primitive turtle, _Odontochelys_ differed from modern turtles in several ways. Modern turtles possess a horny beak without any teeth in their mouth. In contrast, _Odontochelys_ fossils had teeth in their upper and lower jaws.

One of the most striking features of turtles, both modern and prehistoric alike, are their dorsal shells, forming an armored carapace over the body of the animal. _Odontochelys_ only had the bottom portion of a turtle's armor, the plastron. It did not yet have a solid carapace as most other turtles do. Instead of a solid carapace, _Odontochelys_ had broadened ribs like those of modern turtle embryos that still have not started developing the ossified plates of a carapace.

In a comparison of skull proportions, the skull of _Odontochelys_ is far more elongated in front of the eyes compared to other turtles. The tail of the prehistoric turtle was longer in proportion to its body than other turtles. In addition, the transverse processes found in the tail are not fused such as in later turtles.

Taken together, these anatomical differences mean that _Odontochelys_ has some of the most primitive features ever seen in a turtle and is somewhat of a transitional fossil. Some scientists, however, are skeptical of this idea. Reisz and Head suggest that _Odontochelys_ does not represent a turtle with a partly evolved shell, but that it is a descendant of an older, land–living turtle, and that the shell became reversed. Such shells can be seen on modern turtles, like the leatherback turtles (the genus _Dermochelys_).

It is likely that _Odontochelys_ was aquatic, as the fossil specimens were found in marine deposits full of  conodonts and ammonites. The primitive turtle swam in shallow marine waters close to shore.

The species' name, _Odontochelys semitestacea_ literally means "toothed turtle with a half-shell" - an apt description of its most striking physical characteristics.
Deal or No Deal (UK game show)

***Deal or No Deal*** is the British version of the game show franchise of the same name. It is presented by Noel Edmonds, and produced by Endemol. It began showing in 2005. Players can win £250,000 (US$388,800). The odds of winning it is only 4 in 1715 (1 in 429, or 2 in 858). This is because a player might take a offer from the banker.

The show is on Channel 4 at 4p.m. on weekdays. It runs for 60 minutes, including adverts.

## Gameplay

|Blues|Reds|
| --- | --- |
|1p|£1,000|
|10p|£3,000|
|50p|£5,000|
|£1|£10,000|
|£5|£15,000|
|£10|£20,000|
|£50|£35,000|
|£100|£50,000|
|£250|£75,000|
|£500|£100,000|
|£750|£250,000|
Before the game starts, different amounts of money are packed randomly into 22 suitcases. A player is selected, and the case that they have is randomly selected.

In front of the player is a game board with all the possible amounts that could be in his/her box. The player then opens 5 boxes. Five possible amounts that could be in the player's box are gone. Based on the amounts left (that could be in the players box), the "banker" may make an offer to buy the box from the player. The offer depends on the possible amounts that could be in the player's box according to what is left on the board. So if there are high amounts that are on the board (that could be in the person's box), the banker will pay more to buy the box. He might offer £10,000 instead of £3,500 or £1500. The player may take the offer by saying "deal" of refuse it by saying "no deal".

The player then opens 3 more boxes, and the banker will make another offer. If after 6 offers, the player says "no deal", they win whatever is in their box. If they says "deal" at an offer, the player takes home the offer. The game ends, but they play on to see what would have happened otherwise.

## Cancellation

Channel 4 axed the series in 2016. It ended with a special _Deal or No Deal on Tour_ series from 12 to 23 December 2016.