juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Van Nuys

**Van Nuys** is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California. As of 2022, the population is 112,086.

The town was founded in 1911 and named for Isaac Newton Van Nuys, one of its developers. It was annexed by Los Angeles on May 22, 1915.

## Other websites

- Map of Los Angeles neighborhoods
Deaths in January 2018

The following is a list of **notable deaths in January 2018**. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Months". Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.

Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, nationality, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and most importantly a source.
Rampage (2018 movie)

***Rampage*** is an American science fiction monster movie directed by Brad Peyton. It is loosely based on the video game series of the same name by Midway Games. The movie stars Dwayne Johnson, Naomie Harris, Malin Åkerman, Joe Manganiello, Jake Lacy, P. J. Byrne, Marley Shelton, and Jeffrey Dean Morgan.

It is produced by Warner Bros. and set in Chicago, Illinois.

New Line Cinema will release the movie on April 20, 2018 in 3D and IMAX.
2017 UK Independence Party leadership election

The **2017 UK Independence Party leadership election** was held on 29 September 2017. UKIP members voted for who they want to lead the party. Henry Bolton won the election after receiving 30% of the vote.

The election was called for after the party's poor performance in the 2017 general election.

Nigel Farage decided not to run for the UKIP leadership position.

## Candidates

- Henry Bolton, former British Army office and police officer.
- Jane Collins, a UKIP MEP.
- David Kurten, a UKIP member of the London Assembly.
- Aidan Powlesland
- John Rees-Evans
- Anne Marie Waters, anti-Islam activist.
- Peter Whittle, Deputy Leader of UKIP.

## Results

|Pos.|width=160 colspan=2|Candidate|Votes|%||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align=center|1|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||**Henry Bolton**|**3,874**|align=right|**30.00%**|
|align=center|2|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||Anne Marie Waters|2,755|align=right|21.33%|
|align=center|3|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||David Kurten|2,201|align=right|17.04%|
|align=center|4|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||John Rees-Evans|2,021|align=right|15.65%|
|align=center|5|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||Peter Whittle|1,413|align=right|10.94%|
|align=center|6|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||Jane Collins|566|align=right|4.38%|
|align=center|7|bgcolor= #70147A width=1||Aidan Powlesland|85|align=right|0.66%|

## After the election

Bolton said that his victory stopped UKIP from becoming a fascist party. Waters left UKIP and created her own political party, For Britain, in October. Rees-Evans also left UKIP and created his own political party, Affinity.
Bulgarian Communist Party

The **Bulgarian Communist Party** (Bulgarian: Българска комунистическа партия; shortened **BCP**) was the ruling political party in Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990.

The party led a coup against the tsarist government in 1944.

Todor Zhivkov was leader of the party and Bulgaria from 1954 until 1989. He was the longest-serving leader of any Eastern Bloc nation. The party's first leader was Dimitar Blagoev.

On 11 December 1989, leader Petar Mladenov announced that the party was giving up its guaranteed right to rule. In 1990, the party became much more moderate and was no longer a communist party. In April 1990, the party changed its name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP).

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Bulgarian Communist Party
- **leader2 title**: Last leader
- **leader2 name**: Alexander Lilov
- **logo**: LogoBKP.svg
- **flag**: Bandera del Partido Comunista Búlgaro.png
- **colorcode**: red
- **ideology**: Communism
Marxism-Leninism
- **country**: Bulgaria
- **position**: Far-left politics, Far-left
- **successor**: Bulgarian Socialist Party
Type 56 assault rifle

The **Type 56** is a Chinese assault rifle which is a copy of the Soviet AK-47 assault rifle. The Type 56 was first used by the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong during the Vietnam War along with the Soviet AK-47 and AKM assault rifles. The Type 56 is used by many armies and battlefields in Africa, Western Asia and Asia.

## Variants

- Type 56: Copy of the AK-47.
- Type 56-1: Copy of the AKS-47.
- Type 56-2: Same as the Type 56-1 but with a side folding stock instead of a under folding stock.

## Users

The Type 56 assault rifle is used in many countries. These include:

## Users

- Locally produced under small modification of the Albanian Army needs. Main armament of the army until recently when it's being replaced with ARX-160, and M4A1.
- Boko Haram : Type 56 and Type 56-1
- : Burundian rebels.
- : Used by Croatia in its war of independence.
- : Purchased in the 1990's and used by Finnish Army rerserve personnel. Now in long-term storage.
- : Used by the Nepalese Army and formerly by the People's Liberation Army rebels
- : Contras.
- : South Sudan Liberation Movement, South Sudan Democratic Movement, Sudan People's Liberation Army and Lou Nuer militias.
- During the war that ended on 19th May 2009 between the Sri Lankan government armed forces and the LTTE terrorist group.
    - Lord Resistance Army
- : Captured from Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War.

## Infobox (weapon)

- **name**: Type 56 assault rifle
- **caption**: The Type 56 assault rifle
- **type**: Assault rifle
- **is ranged**: yes
- **service**: 1956–now
- **used by**: See #Users, Users
- **wars**: Vietnam War and many other conflicts in Africa and Asia
- **design date**: 1956
- **production date**: 1956–now
- **variants**: Type 56
Type 56-1
Type 56-2
- **weight**: 8.5 lbs (3.9 kg) empty
10.5 lbs (4.8 kg) loaded
- **length**: 34.3 in (87 cm)
- **part length**: 16.4 in (41.6 cm)
- **cartridge**: 7.62×39mm
- **caliber**: 7.62 mm
- **action**: Gas operation (firearms), Gas-operated, rotating bolt
- **rate**: 600 rounds/minute
- **velocity**: 710~730 meters/second
- **range**: 400 meters
- **feed**: 30 round magazine
- **sights**: Iron sights
William Wright

**Sir William Thompson Wright** (September 1927 – 24 July 2022) was a Northern Irish business owner and former Unionist politician. Wright grew up in Ballymena.

In the 1970s, Wright joined the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party, and was elected as its Chairman.  He stood for the party in North Antrim at the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention election in 1975, and was elected.  He later followed the party leaders in joining the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), and was elected to Ballymena Borough Council.

In the 2011 Birthday Honours, he was awarded the CBE. In the 2018 Queen's Honours list, he received a knighthood.
He died in the early hours of 24 July 2022.
Recy Taylor

**Recy Elisabeth Taylor** (December 31, 1919 – December 28, 2017) was an African-American kidnapping and rape victim and activist.

## Incident

On September 3, 1944, she was kidnapped while leaving church and gang-raped by six white men. Even though the men admitted the rape to authorities, two grand juries subsequently declined to indict the men, meaning no charges were ever brought against her six assailants.

In 2011, the Alabama House of Representatives apologised on behalf of the state "for its failure to prosecute her attackers."

## Death

Taylor died of congestive heart failure in her sleep at a nursing home in Abbeville, Alabama on December 28, 2017, just three days before her 98th birthday.

## Other websites

- Treading the Tightrope of Jim Crow; Montgomery NAACP. _The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks._

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Recy Taylor
- **birth name**: Recy Elisabeth Taylor
- **birth place**: Abbeville, Henry County, Alabama, United States
- **death place**: Abbeville, Alabama, Abbeville, Alabama, U.S.
- **occupation**: Sharecropper
Hulst

**Hulst**, Zeelandic and East Flemish: _('t) Ulst_, is a municipality and village in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 27,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.<br/ >
About 11,000 people were living in the village in 2017.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt, and the Belgian Province of East Flanders.

Hulst received city rights in 1180.

The nature reserve of the Drowned Land of Saeftinghe (Dutch: _Verdronken land van Saeftinghe_) lies in the municipality.
Terneuzen

**Terneuzen**, Zeelandic and East Flemish: _Terneuzen_ or _Neuzen_, is a municipality and town in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 55,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.<br/ >
About 25,000 people were living in the town in 2015.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt, and the Belgian Province of East Flanders.

Terneuzen received city rights in 1584.

The south entrance of the Western Scheldt Tunnel is in Terneuzen.
Sluis

**Sluis**, Zeelandic and West Flemish: _Sluus_, is a municipality and village in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands. It was formed in 2003 from two smaller towns.

About 24,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.<br/ >About 2,400 people were living in the village in 2014.

About 23,000 people lived in the municipality in 2021.

The municipality borders the Western Scheldt and the North Sea, and also the Belgian Provinces of West and East Flanders.

Sluis received city rights in 1290.
Action camera

An **action camera** is a small video camera made for sticking to a person while playing sport or traveling on a vehicle. This kind of camera is for used for filming an event in a way that people watching the film feel like they are looking from the eyes of person who are doing activities in the event themselves (first-person perspective). While action camera is made for filming, it can also take pictures. All films and pictures it took will be kept on a tiny card that you can pull them out and watch them later.

Action camera is made to be small and very light, so that a person who wear it does not feel its weight while doing his or her things. And it usually uses wide-angle lens to film as many details around as possible. Inside the camera, there is a battery that lasts long enough for you to film for few hours. Action camera is also made to be stronger than normal video camera, so that it keeps filming even when the wearing person moves at high speed or crashes into something.

Camera sellers usually give you a hard clear plastic box that fits with the camera when you buy it. When they do, you should store the camera in this box every time you are going to film something. This box will have holes, a belt, or a metal rod which you can use for tying it to a person, or screwing it on an object that person wears (usually a helmet). Some kind of these boxes can stop water from coming into it when closed, so you may use them to film under water without breaking the camera as well.

## Related pages

- Dashboard camera, which looks like an action camera, but made for sticking on a vehicle instead of person.
- Webcam, a small video camera that is made to be used with a computer.
Michael Massee

**Michael Groo Massee** (September 1, 1952 – October 20, 2016) was an American actor. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Massee was perhaps best known for accidentally shooting Brandon Lee during the filming of the 1994 movie _The Crow_. He was also known for his role as Ira Gaines in _24_ and The Gentleman in the 2012 movie _The Amazing Spider-Man_. He also reprised this role in the 2014 sequel _The Amazing Spider-Man 2_.

Massee died of stomach cancer in Los Angeles on October 20, 2016 at the age of 64.
Niffer

**Niffer** is a commune that is in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Oberbruck

**Oberbruck** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References

- INSEE commune file

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Oberbruck
- **image**: Oberbruck, Mairie.jpg
- **caption**: The town hall of Oberbruck
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Oberbruck (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Thann-Guebwiller
- **canton**: Masevaux
- **insee**: 68239
- **postal code**: 68290
- **mayor**: Jacques Behra
- **intercommunality**: Vallée de la Doller et du Soultzbach
- **elevation m**: 460
- **elevation min m**: 455
- **elevation max m**: 1120
- **area km2**: 4.3
- **population**: 461
- **population date**: 2006
Oberentzen

**Oberentzen** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References

- INSEE commune file

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Oberentzen
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Oberentzen (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Thann-Guebwiller
- **canton**: Ensisheim
- **insee**: 68241
- **postal code**: 68127
- **mayor**: René Mathias
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Centre Haut-Rhin
- **elevation m**: 204
- **elevation min m**: 201
- **elevation max m**: 211
- **area km2**: 8.81
- **population**: 528
Oberhergheim

**Oberhergheim** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References

- INSEE commune file

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Oberhergheim
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Oberhergheim (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Thann-Guebwiller
- **canton**: Ensisheim
- **insee**: 68242
- **postal code**: 68127
- **mayor**: Paul Hegy
- **term**: 2001–2008
- **intercommunality**: Centre Haut-Rhin
- **elevation m**: 202
- **elevation min m**: 197
- **elevation max m**: 207
- **area km2**: 19.86
- **population**: 1188
- **population date**: 2006
Oberlarg

**Oberlarg** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. In 2014, 142 people lived there.
Obermorschwihr

**Obermorschwihr** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Obermorschwiller

**Obermorschwiller** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Obersaasheim

**Obersaasheim** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. In 2014, 1,022 people lived there.
Oderen

**Oderen** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References

- INSEE commune file

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Oderen
- **image**: Oderen (68) depuis Trehkopf.jpg
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Oderen (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Thann-Guebwiller
- **canton**: Cernay
- **insee**: 68247
- **postal code**: 68830
- **mayor**: Francis Allonas
- **term**: 2001–2008
- **intercommunality**: Vallée de Saint-Amarin
- **elevation m**: 460
- **elevation min m**: 445
- **elevation max m**: 1264
- **area km2**: 19.12
- **population**: 1337
- **population date**: 2006
Oltingue

**Oltingue** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Orbey

**Orbey** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Orschwihr

**Orschwihr** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. In 2014, 1,070 people lived there.
Erica Garner

**Erica Garner** (May 29, 1990 – December 30, 2017) was an American activist. She fought for police reform, especially in the use of force during arrests. Garner became involved in activism after her father, Eric Garner, died in 2014. A New York City police officer put him in a chokehold during an arrest and killed him.

Garner said that she believed her father's death had more to do with police misconduct than race, and in 2017, she rejected a meeting with the United States Justice Department to discuss the police killing her father.

During the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries, Garner supported Bernie Sanders, and appeared in an advertisement for him.

Garner died in a Brooklyn hospital while in a coma after she had a serious heart attack on December 30, 2017. She was 27 years old.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Erica Garner
- **image**: Erica Garner at 2016 protest.jpg
- **image upright**: 1.2
- **caption**: Garner at a protest, 2016.
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **nationality**: American
- **children**: 2
- **occupation**: Activist
- **years active**: 2014–2017
- **father**: Eric Garner
Jean-Pierre Lehmann

**Jean-Pierre Lehmann** (29 August 1945 – 21 December 2017) was an American-born Swiss economist. He was born in Washington, D.C.. He was professor of international political economy at IMD and the founding director of The Evian Group at IMD. In August 2011, he was appointed senior fellow at the Fung Global Institute  (FGI).

Lehmann died on 21 December 2017 of a pulmonary embolism in Lausanne, Switzerland at the age of 72.

## Other websites

- www.imd.org/eviangroup  (Evian Group @ IMD Official Website)
- www.imd.org
- www.fungglobalinstitute.org
John C. Portman Jr.

**John Calvin Portman Jr.** (December 4, 1924 – December 29, 2017) was an American neofuturistic architect and real estate developer. He was born in Walhalla, South Carolina. He was known for popularizing hotels and office buildings with multi-storied interior atria.

Portman also had a large impact on the cityscape of his hometown of Atlanta, with the Peachtree Center, Hyatt, Westin, and Marriott hotels.

Portman died on December 29, 2017 in Atlanta of heart failure, aged 93.

## Other websites

- Portmanusa.com: website of the Portman architectural firm
- Portmanholdings.com: website of the Portman real estate development firm
- Johnportmanfilm.com: 'John Portman: A Life of Building'  — _film about Portman's life and works, aired on PBS stations in June 2013_.
Khalid Shameem Wynne

**Khalid Shameem Wynne** (28 August 1953 – 30 December 2017) was a Pakistani four star general. Wynne served as the 14th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee before retiring on 7 October 2013.

Before to his promotion, the official statement said that "General Wynne was appointed as Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee by President Asif Ali Zardari, on the advice of Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani."

He also served as field operational Commander of the XII Corps in Quetta from 2007 till 2010, overseeing the Baloch insurgency and the fallout of the war in the Tribal Areas.

Wynne was killed in a car crash near Chakri, Punjab, Pakistan on 30 December 2017. He was 64 years old.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Khalid Shameem Wynne
- **image**: Khalid Wynne (close-up).jpg
- **caption**: General Khalid Shameem Wynne
- **office**: Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee
- **term start**: 8 October 2010
- **term end**: 8 October 2013
- **predecessor**: Tariq Majid
- **successor**: Ashfaq Pervez Kayani <small>(Later Retired)</small>
- **birth place**: Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, North-West Frontier Province, West Pakistan, Dominion of Pakistan
- **death place**: near Chakri Vakilan, Chakri, Punjab, Pakistan
- **death cause**: Road Accident
- **nickname**: _Wynne_
- **birth name**: Khalid Shameem Wynne
- **serviceyears**: 1972 - 2013
- **rank**:  General
- **unit**: Punjab Regiment (Pakistan), 20th Paratroopers Battalion, Punjab Regiment
- **commands**: Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (Pakistan), Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC)
Chief of General Staff (Pakistan), Chief of General Staff (CGS)
XII Corps (Pakistan), Southern Command, Quetta
Deputy Chief of General Staff (DCGS)
School of Infantry and Tactics, Quetta
41st Infantry Division, Quetta
- **battles**: Siachen conflict
Balochistan conflict
War in North-West Pakistan
- **awards**: Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Military)
Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Military)
Yacht charter

**Yacht chartering** is the renting a sailboat or motor yacht for sea traveling. This is a vacation activity, but it can be a corporate event.

There are two main kinds of the charter: bareboat and skippered. Bareboat charters are when a person is renting a boat and skippering it themselves. Skippered charter meaning that boat comes with a skipper but no additional crew.

Crewed charter means that the yacht is rented with a full crew. Usually the crew is based on the specific yacht. A captain, a chef, a decks hand and a hostess are a typical crew. In many destinations the crewed charter is taxed differently from a Skippered charter.
George Walker (composer)

**George Theophilus Walker** (June 27, 1922 – August 23, 2018) was an African-American composer, educator and autobiographer. He was the first to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music. He received the Pulitzer for his work _Lilacs_ in 1996.

## Early life

Walker was born in Washington, D.C.. He studied at Oberlin College.

## Career

Walker taught music at Columbia University, Wayne State University, Wellesley College, Temple University, Washington University in St. Louis, Williams College and Montclair State University.

In 1946, Walker composed his String Quartet no. 1. A string orchestra arrangement of the second movement of that work received its world premiere in a radio broadcast that was conducted by pianist Seymour Lipkin.

Walker was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1999. The following year, Walker was inducted into the American Classical Music Hall of Fame.

Washington, D.C. Mayor Marion Barry proclaimed June 17, 1997 as “George Walker Day”. in the nation's capitol.

His autobiography, "Reminiscences of an American Composer and Pianist", was released in 2009 by Scarecrow Press.

## Personal life

Walker was the father of two sons, violinist and composer Gregory T.S. Walker, and playwright Ian Walker.

Walker died on August 23, 2018 from a fall at a hospital in Montclair, New Jersey at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- George Walker official website
- A 2017 Conversation with George Walker (includes video excerpts)
- George Walker interview by Bruce Duffie
- 2012 George Walker interview by Ethan Iverson
- George Theophilus Walker, African American Composer & Pianist at AfriClassical.com
- George Walker, Composer   Documentary produced by NJTV

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: George Walker
- **image**: Benjamin Steinberg and Prof. George Walker.jpg
- **caption**: Walker, holding the score, in 1968
- **birth name**: George Theophilus Walker
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Montclair, New Jersey, U.S.
- **occupation**: Composer, educator, autobiographer
- **alma mater**: Oberlin College
- **years active**: 1940s – 2012
- **awards**: **Pulitzer Prize for Music** (1996)
Fire sprinkler

**Automatic sprinklers** or irrigators are one method of putting out a fire. They are usually part of a fire system based on a water reservoir for the supply of the system and a network of pipes. They are usually activated by detecting the effects of a fire, such as the increase in temperature associated with fire, or the smoke generated by combustion. Sometimes, sprinkler systems can be activated at the same time as the actual alarm at a pull station.
Kennington tube station

**Kennington** is a London Underground station on Kennington Park Road in Kennington. The station is at the crossroads of the Charing Cross, Bank and Morden branches of the Northern line. It is within the London Borough of Southwark. Its neighbouring stations to the north are Waterloo on the Charing Cross branch and Elephant & Castle on the Bank branch; the next station to the south is Oval. The station is in Travelcard Zone 2.

It is one of the station that has its notable loop, called **Kennington Loop**, similar to Timothy's Computer on Timothy North Metro and South Ferry on the New York City Subway. It would be extended to Battersea Power Station via Nine Elms in the near future, to serve the near-refurbished Battersea Power Station.
Christine King Farris

**Christine King Farris** (born **Willie Christine King**; September 11, 1927 – June 29, 2023) was the oldest child of Martin Luther King, Sr. and the sister of Martin Luther King, Jr..

She taught at Spelman College and was the author of several books and a public speaker on many topics. For many years, she was the Vice Chair and Treasurer of the King Center and has been active for several years in the International Reading Association, and many church and civic organizations, including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

King Farris held a tenure professorship at Spelman College for 48 years before her retirement in 2014. She died on June 29, 2023.

## Other websites

- Young MLK The Tavis Smiley Show, January 15, 2003
- Education Update Interview with Christine King Farris
- Honoring Willie Christine King Farris’ 80th Birthday

## Infobox (scientist)

- **birth name**: Willie Christine King
- **name**: Christine King Farris
- **image**: Christine King Farris.jpg
- **caption**: Farris in 2011
- **birth place**: Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- **field**: Education
- **work institutions**: Spelman College, Columbia University
- **alma mater**: Spelman College, Columbia University
- **known for**: Civil rights, teaching, public service
- **children**: Angela Christine Farris Watkins
Isaac Newton Farris Jr.
- **death place**: Atlanta, Georgia, United States
J. Joseph Curran Jr.

**J. Joseph Curran Jr.** (born July 7, 1931) is an American politician. He is the longest serving elected Attorney General (1987 to 2007) in Maryland history, and the fourth Lieutenant Governor of Maryland from 1983 to 1987. His son-in-law, Martin J. O'Malley, served as the 61st Governor of Maryland.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: J. Joseph Curran.jpg
- **name**: J. Joseph Curran Jr.
- **office**: 44th Attorney General of Maryland
- **governor**: William Donald Schaefer
Parris Glendening
Bob Ehrlich
Martin O'Malley
- **term start**: January 21, 1987
- **term end**: January 17, 2007
- **birth place**: West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.
- **predecessor**: Stephen H. Sachs
- **successor**: Doug Gansler, Douglas Gansler
- **order2**: 4th Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
- **term start2**: January 19, 1983
- **term end2**: January 21, 1987
- **governor2**: Harry Hughes
- **predecessor2**: Samuel Bogley
- **successor2**: Melvin Steinberg
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **spouse**: Barbara Marie (Atkins) Curran
- **profession**: Attorney at law (United States), Attorney at law
- **serviceyears**: 1951–1955
- **battles**: Korean War
María Vicuña

**Maria Alejandra Vicuña** (born 13 February 1978) is an Ecuadorean politician. She is the Vice President of Ecuador under President Lenin Moreno from 2 October 2017 until 2018. She also served as the Housing and Urban Development Minister of Ecuador until 6 January 2018.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: María Vicuña
- **birth name**: María Alejandra Vicuña
- **image**: Maria Alejandra Vicuña asume funciones vicepresidenciales (c) - cropped.jpg
- **office**: Vice President of Ecuador
- **president**: Lenín Moreno
- **term start**: 6 January 2018
- **term end**: 6 December 2018

- **predecessor**: Jorge Glas
- **successor**: Otto Sonnenholzner
- **office1**: Minister of Urban Development and Housing
- **president1**: Lenin Moreno
- **term start1**: 24 May 2017
- **term end1**: 6 January 2018
- **predecessor1**: Lyne Miranda
- **successor1**: Adrián Sandoya Unamuno
- **birth place**: Guayaquil, Ecuador
- **nationality**: Ecuadorian
- **party**: PAIS Alliance
Hans Frauenfelder

**Hans Frauenfelder** (born July 28, 1922) is a Swiss-American physicist and biophysicist. He is known for his discovery of perturbed angular correlation (PAC) in 1951. In the modern day, PAC spectroscopy is widely used in the study of condensed matter physics.

Frauenfelder was born in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. He studied at ETH Zurich.

Within biophysics, he is known for experiment and theory in understanding the dynamical behavior of protein tertiary structure. In 1992, Frauenfelder won the Max Delbruck Prize.

Frauenfelder is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and a Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

## Other websites

- References on Perturbed Angular Correlation (PAC)
- PAC Spectroscopy
- Frauenfelder's homepage
- Frauenfelder's math genealogy
Alain Touraine

**Alain Touraine** (; 3 August 1925 – 9 June 2023) was a French sociologist.  He was the research director at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales. He founded the _Centre d'étude des mouvements sociaux_. He was best known for being the originator of the term "post-industrial society".

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1990.

Touraine died in Paris, France on 9 June 2023, at the age of 97.

## Other websites

- Answers.com on Alain Touraine
- Jacques Hamel compares aspects of Pierre Bourdieu and Alain Touraine
- Comments of Touraine at Forum Barcelona 2004

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alain Touraine
- **image**: Alain Touraine.jpg
- **birth place**: Hermanville-sur-Mer, France
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **education**: École Normale Supérieure
- **alma mater**: University of Paris
- **employer**: École des hautes études en sciences sociales
- **occupation**: Sociologist
- **relatives**: Marisol Touraine (daughter)
Robert Mundell

**Robert Alexander Mundell**, CC (October 24, 1932 – April 4, 2021) was a Canadian economist. He was a professor of economics at Columbia University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Mundell was also known for the Mundell–Fleming model and Mundell–Tobin effect.

He received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1999 for his pioneering work in monetary dynamics and optimum currency areas. Mundell is known as the "father" of the Euro, as he laid the groundwork for its introduction through this work and helped to start the movement known as supply-side economics which inspired Reaganomics.

Mundell died on April 4, 2021 in Siena, Tuscany from problems caused by bile duct cancer, aged 88.

## Other websites

- Robert Mundell's homepage
- Single Global Currency Association – Bretton Woods 2024
- his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas.
- Economista canadiense. Profesor en la Columbia University de New York.
- The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences
- The Kiel Institute Global Economy Prize
- Nobel biography for laureate Mundell
- IDEAS/RePEc

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Robert Mundell
- **image**: Robert Mundell 2013.jpg
- **image size**: 150px
- **caption**: Mundell in 2013
- **birth place**: Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- **death place**: Siena, Tuscany, Italy
- **nationality**: Canadians, Canadian
- **workplaces**: Johns Hopkins University (1959–61, 1997–98, 2000–01)
 University of Chicago (1965–72)
Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Switzerland (1965–75)
 University of Waterloo (1972–74)
 McGill University (1989–1990)
 Columbia University (1974 – present)
 Chinese University of Hong Kong (2009 – present)
- **field**: Monetary economics
- **alma mater**: London School of Economics
UBC Vancouver School of Economics
University of Washington
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Waterloo
- **doctoral advisor**: Charles Kindleberger
- **doctoral students**: Jacob A. Frenkel
Rudi Dornbusch
Carmen Reinhart
- **influences**: Ludwig Von Mises
- **influenced**: Arthur Laffer
Jude Wanniski
Michael Mussa
- **known for**: Mundell–Fleming model
Optimum currency areas
Research on the gold standard
- **awards**: Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1999)
Adrienne

**Adrienne** is a female first name. It is the female form of Adrien. The name can be also spelled **Adrianne**.The pronunciation of the name is [ **ey**-dree-en, -_uh_n; _French_ a-dree-**en** ].  This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

The meaning of the name is "from the city of Hadria." It also means "the dark one."

There are a few fictional characters with the name, such as Adrienne Johnson from _Days of our Lives_.

## People named Adrienne

- Adrienne Albert (born 1941), composer
- Adrienne Ames (1907–1947), American actress
- Adrienne Arsenault (born 1967), Canadian journalist
- Adrienne Bailon (born 1983), member of girl group The Cheetah Girls
- Adrienne Barbeau (born 1945), American actress
- Adrienne Beames (born 1942), Australian long-distance runner
- Adrienne Bolland (1896–1975), French test pilot and first woman to fly over the Andes
- Adrienne Clarke (born 1938), Australian botanist and former Lieutenant Governor of Victoria
- Adrienne Clarkson (born 1939), Canadian journalist and former Governor General of Canada
- Adrienne Corri (born 1933), Scottish actress
- Adrienne Fazan (1906–1986), American Academy Award-winning film editor
- Adrienne Frantz (born 1978), American actress and singer-songwriter
- Adrienne Goodson (born 1966), American former professional basketball player
- Adrienne Jackson (born 1995), American Recording Artist
- Adrienne Kennedy (born 1931), African-American playwright
- Adrienne Krausz (born 1967), Hungarian pianist
- Adrienne de La Fayette (1759–1807), wife of Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette
- Adrienne Lau, American singer and actress
- Adrienne Lecouvreur (1692–1730), French actress
- Adrienne Maloof (born 1961), American businesswoman and television personality
- Adrianne Palicki (born 1983), American actress
- Adrienne Posta (born 1948), English actress
- Adrienne Rich (1929–2012), American poet and essayist
- Adrienne Roy (born 1953), comic book colorist
- Adrienne Shelly (1966–2006), Russian-American filmmaker and actress
- Adrienne Du Vivier (1626–1706), one of the first white women settlers in Montreal
Adrienne Shelly

**Adrienne Shelly** (also known as **Adrienne Levine**; June 24, 1966 – November 1, 2006) was an American actress, movie director and screenwriter. Shelly was born in Queens, New York.

She wrote, co-starred in and directed the 2007 movie _Waitress_. She was also known for her roles in independent movies.

In 2000, Shelly won a U.S. Comedy Arts Festival Film Discovery Jury Award. She won the award for the 1999 movie _I'll Take You There_. Shelly also guest-starred in _Law & Order_ and _Oz_.

## Murder and trial

On November 1, 2006, Shelly was found hanging in the shower of her Greenwich Village work studio apartment. It was originally thought she had killed herself. But an illegal immigrant from Ecuador, a construction worker, confessed to killing Shelly. He was later sentenced to 25 years in prison for first-degree manslaughter.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Adrienne Shelly
- **image**: Adrienne Shelly as Dannie.jpg
- **caption**: Adrienne Shelly in 1992
- **birth place**: Queens, New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York City, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Murder by strangulation
- **birth name**: Adrienne Levine
- **spouse**: Andy Ostroy (1994–2006; her death)
- **children**: Sophie Ostroy (b.2003)
- **occupation**: Actress, director, screenwriter
- **years active**: 1989–2006
MusicBrainz

**MusicBrainz** is an music database. It is similar to the freedb project that aims to start an open data music database. The database captures information about artists, their recorded works, and start the relationships between them.

## Client software

- Amarok — KDE audio player
- Banshee — multi-platform audio player
- Beets — automatic CLI music tagger/organiser for Unix-like systems
- Clementine — multi-platform audio player
- CDex — Microsoft Windows CD ripper
- Demlo — a dynamic and extensible music manager using a CLI
- iEatBrainz — Mac OS X, deprecated
- foo_musicbrainz component for foobar2000 — music library/pudio Player
- Jaikoz — Java mass tag editor
- Max — Mac OS X CD ripper and audio transcoder
- Mp3tag — Windows metadata editor and music organizer
- MusicBrainz Picard — cross-platform album-oriented tag editor
- MusicBrainz Tagger — deprecated Microsoft Windows tag editor
- puddletag — a tag editor for PyQt under the GPLv3
- Rhythmbox music player — an audio player for Unix-like systems
- Sound Juicer — GNOME CD ripper
- Zortam Mp3 Media Studio — Windows music organizer and ID3 tag editor

Freedb clients could also access MusicBrainz data through the freedb protocol by using the MusicBrainz to FreeDB gateway service, mb2freedb. The gateway was shut down on March 18, 2019.

## Other websites

- – official site
- MusicBrainz info at the BBC Music site

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: MusicBrainz
- **logo**: MusicBrainz Logo (2016).svg
- **commercial**: No
- **type**: Online music encyclopedia
- **registration**: Optional (required for editing data)
- **language**: English
- **num users**: ~250,000 active ever
- **content license**: Part Creative Commons Zero (open data) and part CC-BY-NC-SA (not open); commercial licensing available
- **programming language**: Perl with PostgreSQL database
- **owner**: MetaBrainz Foundation
- **author**: Robert Kaye
- **current status**: Online
- **logo caption**: Logo 2016.
International Biographical Centre

The **International Biographical Centre** is a publisher that specializes in producing biographical publications such as the _Dictionary of International Biography_, _Great Men and Women of Science_ and the other Vanity Awards. It owned by Melrose Press Ltd. It is in Ely, Cambridgeshire in the United Kingdom.

## Biographical reference books

- _2000 Outstanding Europeans of the 21st Century_
- _2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 20th Century_
- _2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century_
- _2000 Outstanding Scientists - 2010_
- _The Cambridge Blue Book_
- _Dictionary of International Biography_
- _Great Men and Women of Science_
- _International Who's Who in Music_
- _Men of achievement_
- _Outstanding People of the 20th Century_
- _Outstanding People of the 21st Century_
- _Outstanding Scientists of the 21st Century_
- _Who’s Who in the 21st Century_
- _World Who's Who of Women_

## Other websites

- International Biographical Centre website
- Photos of some of the IBC medals
Dhaka International Film Festival

**Dhaka International Film Festival** (**DIFF**) is a biennial movie festival held in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was established in 1992.

## Awards

The festival authority chooses and invites Asian and Australian movies to participate in different sections. The sections are:
- Retrospective
- Cinema of the World
- Women Filmmakers
- Children’s Film
- Short and Independent
- Spiritual Films

## Other websites

- www.dhakafilmfestival.org Official Website
Christine Lakin

**Christine Lakin** (born January 25, 1979 in Dallas) is an American actress. She is best known for acting on the ABC television situation-comedy _Step by Step_.
The Centaurus

**The Centaurus** is a 64 floored skyscraper in Jinnah Avenue, F-8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan. It was designed by  WS Atkins, a British architect and his partners. It is made of 3 skyscrapers with a 36-storey hotel, 23-storey offices and 5-storey shopping mall. The Centaurus' construction started in  2005 and finished in 2011.

The Centaurus Shopping Mall has different shops and on the forth floor, there is the food court with food restaurants including McDonald's and KFC. It also includes the **Fun City** and **Cineplex.**
Johnson County War

The **Johnson County War**, also known as the **War on Powder River** and the **Wyoming Range War**, was a fight over farmland. It happened in Johnson County, Wyoming between 1889 and 1893. The fights started when cattle companies started ruthlessly punishing accused rustlers in the area. Many of the “rustlers” were actually innocent settlers that competed with the companies for land, livestock and water rights. As tensions swelled between the large established ranchers and the smaller settlers in the state, violence finally reached a peak in Powder River Country, when the ranchers hired armed gunmen to invade the county. The gunmen's initial incursion in the territory aroused the small farmers and ranchers, as well as the state lawmen, and they formed a posse of 200 men that led to a grueling stand-off. The siege ended when the United States Cavalry on the orders of President Benjamin Harrison relieved the two forces, although further fighting persisted in the following months.

The events have since become a highly mythologized and symbolic story of the Wild West, and over the years variations of the storyline have come to include some of its most famous historical figures. In addition to being one of the most well-known range wars of the American frontier, its themes, especially class warfare, served as a basis for numerous popular novels, films, and television shows in the Western genre.
Payerne

**Payerne** is a municipality of the Swiss canton of Vaud. It was the capital of the district of Payerne, and is now part of the district of Broye-Vully.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Payerne
- **municipality name**: Payerne
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Picswiss VD-49-06.jpg
- **image caption**: The towers of the Abbey and the Reformed church above Payerne
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Payerne VD COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Payerne.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Payerne (district), Payerne
- **postal code**: 1530
- **municipality code**: 5822
- **area**: 24.19
- **elevation**: 456
- **population**: 8065
- **populationof**: 2007
- **website**: www.payerne.ch
- **mayor**: Michel Roulin
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **places**: Corges, Etrabloz, Vers-chez-Perrin, Vers-chez-Savary
- **demonym**: Les Payernois
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bussy, Fribourg, Bussy (FR), Corcelles-près-Payerne, Cugy, Fribourg, Cugy (FR), Fétigny, Switzerland, Fétigny (FR), Grandcour, Montagny, Fribourg, Montagny (FR), Morens (FR), Rueyres-les-Prés (FR), Torny (FR), Trey, Vaud, Trey
- **twintowns**: Paray-le-Monial (France)
Pignia

**Pignia** is a former municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Since 2009, it was part of the municipality of Andeer.
Rongellen

**Rongellen** is a municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rongellen
- **municipality name**: Rongellen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rongellen COA.svg
- **map**: German
- **languages**: Karte Gemeinde Rongellen.png
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Hinterrhein (district), Hinterrhein
- **postal code**: 7430
- **municipality code**: 3711
- **area**: 2.02
- **elevation**: 1003
- **population**: 61
- **populationof**: Dec 2016
- **popofyear**: 2016
- **website**: www.rongellen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lohn, Graubünden, Lohn, Sils im Domleschg, Thusis, Zillis-Reischen
Gerd Cintl

**Gerd Cintl** (11 December 1938 – 26 December 2017) was a German rower. He competed for the United Team of Germany in the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Düsseldorf, Germany. In 1960, he was a crew member of the German boat which won the gold medal in the coxed fours event.

Cintl died on 26 December 2017 at the age of 79.
Didier Burkhalter

**Didier Burkhalter** (born April 17, 1960) is a Swiss politician. He was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Burkhalter is a member of FDP.The Liberals. He was elected as a member of the Swiss Federal Council on 16 September 2009. He succeeded Pascal Couchepin on 1 November 2009 when he became head of the Federal Department of Home Affairs (the Swiss interior minister). Since 1 January 2012, he serves as head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. In 2014, he was President of the Swiss Confederation. He served as Chairman-in-Office of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) in 2014. He left the Federal Council on 31 October 2017 (replaced by Ignazio Cassis).

## Other websites

- Presidential year 2014
- Swiss OSCE Chairmanship 2014
- Curriculum Vitae of Federal Councillor Didier Burkhalter
- FDFA Homepage

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## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Didier Burkhalter
- **image**: Didier Burkhalter.jpg
- **office**: Head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Department of Foreign Affairs
- **term start**: 1 January 2012
- **term end**: 31 October 2017
- **predecessor**: Micheline Calmy-Rey
- **successor**: Ignazio Cassis
- **office1**: President of the Swiss Confederation, President of Switzerland
- **vicepresident1**: Simonetta Sommaruga
- **term start1**: 1 January 2014
- **term end1**: 31 December 2014
- **predecessor1**: Ueli Maurer
- **successor1**: Simonetta Sommaruga
- **office2**: Vice President of Switzerland
- **president2**: Ueli Maurer
- **term start2**: 1 January 2013
- **term end2**: 31 December 2013
- **predecessor2**: Ueli Maurer
- **successor2**: Simonetta Sommaruga
- **office3**: Head of the Federal Department of Home Affairs, Department of Home Affairs
- **term start3**: 1 November 2009
- **term end3**: 31 December 2011
- **predecessor3**: Pascal Couchepin
- **successor3**: Alain Berset
- **office4**: List of members of the Swiss Federal Council, Member of the Swiss Federal Council
- **term start4**: 1 November 2009
- **term end4**: 31 October 2017
- **predecessor4**: Pascal Couchepin
- **successor4**: Ignazio Cassis
- **office5**: Chair of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
- **term start5**: 1 January 2014
- **term end5**: 31 December 2014
- **predecessor5**: Leonid Kozhara
- **successor5**: Ivica Dačić
- **birth place**: Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- **party**: FDP.The Liberals
- **spouse**: Friedrun Sabine Burkhalter
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: University of Neuchâtel
Osenbach

**Osenbach** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Ostheim, Haut-Rhin

**Ostheim** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department.
Coalisland

**Coalisland** (Irish: **Oileán an Ghuail**) is a small town in County Tyrone, Ulster, Northern Ireland. Its district for parliament and football is Mid Ulster.  Four miles from Lough Neagh, it was formerly a centre for coal mining. It was the site of several armed conflicts between 1969 and 2001 during the Troubles.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **official name**: Coalisland
- **irish name**: Oileán an Ghuail
- **static image**: Coalisland heading south.jpg
- **static image caption**: View from the north of the town
- **map type**: Ireland
- **label position**: none
- **unitary northern ireland**: Mid-Ulster District, Mid-Ulster
- **population**: 5700
- **population ref**: (United Kingdom Census 2011, 2011 Census)
- **country**: Ireland
- **post town**: DUNGANNON
- **postcode area**: BT
- **postcode district**: BT71
- **dial code**: 028
- **constituency westminster**: Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)
- **constituency ni assembly**: Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)
- **lieutenancy northern ireland**: County Tyrone
- **hide services**: yes
Arson in royal dockyards

**Arson in royal dockyards** was a crime in the United Kingdom and the British Empire.  The crime was made by the **Dockyards etc. Protection Act 1772** (12 Geo. 3 c.24) passed by the Parliament of Great Britain and was made to protect Royal Dockyards and ships from arson attacks.

It remained one of the few crimes punished with death after reform of the death penalty in 1861, and this stayed in effect even after the death penalty was stopped for murder in 1969. However, the crime was then removed from law by the Criminal Damage Act 1971.

## Case of John the Painter

Only one prosecution was brought under the Act. In that case, the Scottish saboteur John the Painter (also known as James Hill or John Aitken) was prosecuted and executed in 1777 for setting the rope house at Portsmouth Royal Dockyard on fire. He was hanged from the mizzenmast of the frigate , the highest gallows erected in British history. It was set up at Portsmouth Royal Dockyards in view of the damage he had caused. The crowd of witnesses numbered some 20,000.