juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group G

The **2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group G** was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group was made up of six teams: Spain, Italy, Albania, Israel, Macedonia, and Liechtenstein. Spain won the group and qualified for the world cup, while Italy finished 2nd and moved on to the second round.

## Table

|width=30 abbr="Position"|Pos|width=210|Team|width=30 abbr="Played"|Pld|width=30 abbr="Won"|W|width=30 abbr="Drawn"|D|width=30 abbr="Lost"|L|width=30 abbr="Goals for"|GF|width=30 abbr="Goals against"|GA|width=30 abbr="Goal difference"|GD|width=30 abbr="Points"|Pts|width=260 abbr="Points"|Moves on to|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|align=left||10|9|1|0|36|3|+33|**28**|align=center|Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup||||||||||
|2|align=left||10|7|2|1|21|8|+13|**23**|align=center|Second round||||||||||
|3|align=left||10|4|1|5|10|13|-3|**13**|align=center rowspan=4|||||||||||
|4|align=left||10|4|0|6|10|15|-5|**12**||||||||||||
|5|align=left||10|3|2|5|15|15|0|**11**||||||||||||
|6|align=left||10|0|0|10|1|39|–38|**0**||||||||||||

## Goalscorers

- 6 goals

- Ciro Immobile

- 5 goals

- Diego Costa
- Isco
- Álvaro Morata
- David Silva

- 4 goals

- Andrea Belotti
- Ilija Nestorovski
- Vitolo

- 3 goals

- Armando Sadiku
- Tomer Hemed
- Antonio Candreva
- Aleksandar Trajkovski

- 2 goals

- Bekim Balaj
- Odise Roshi
- Tal Ben Haim II
- Daniele De Rossi
- Iago Aspas

- 1 goal

- Ansi Agolli
- Ledian Memushaj
- Eliran Atar
- Dan Einbinder
- Lior Refaelov
- Eytan Tibi
- Eran Zahavi
- Federico Bernardeschi
- Giorgio Chiellini
- Éder
- Manolo Gabbiadini
- Lorenzo Insigne
- Graziano Pellè
- Maximilian Göppel
- Arijan Ademi
- Ezgjan Alioski
- Enis Bardhi
- Ferhan Hasani
- Visar Musliu
- Boban Nikolov
- Goran Pandev
- Stefan Ristovski
- Aritz Aduriz
- Thiago Alcântara
- Asier Illarramendi
- Nacho Monreal
- Nolito
- Sergio Ramos
- Sergi Roberto
- Rodrigo

- 1 own goal

- Maximilian Göppel (against Spain)
- Peter Jehle (against Albania)
- Darko Velkovski (against Spain)

## Other websites

- Qualifiers – Europe: Round 1 , FIFA.com
- FIFA World Cup, UEFA.com
    - Standings – Qualifying round: Group G, UEFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group H

The **2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group H** was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group was made up of six teams: Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Estonia, Cyprus, and Gibraltar. Belgium won the group and qualified for the world cup, while Greece finished 2nd and moved on to the second round.

## Table

|width=30 abbr="Position"|Pos|width=210|Team|width=30 abbr="Played"|Pld|width=30 abbr="Won"|W|width=30 abbr="Drawn"|D|width=30 abbr="Lost"|L|width=30 abbr="Goals for"|GF|width=30 abbr="Goals against"|GA|width=30 abbr="Goal difference"|GD|width=30 abbr="Points"|Pts|width=260 abbr="Points"|Moves on to|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|align=left||10|9|1|0|43|6|+37|**28**|align=center|Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup||||||||||
|2|align=left||10|5|4|1|17|6|+11|**19**|align=center|Second round||||||||||
|3|align=left||10|5|2|3|24|13|+11|**17**|align=center rowspan=4|||||||||||
|4|align=left||10|3|2|5|13|19|–6|**11**||||||||||||
|5|align=left||10|3|1|6|9|18|-9|**10**||||||||||||
|6|align=left||10|0|0|10|3|47|–44|**0**||||||||||||

## Goalscorers

- 11 goals

- Romelu Lukaku

- 6 goals

- Eden Hazard
- Konstantinos Mitroglou

- 5 goals

- Dries Mertens
- Thomas Meunier
- Edin Džeko

- 4 goals

- Pieros Sotiriou
- Mattias Käit

- 3 goals

- Christian Benteke
- Yannick Ferreira Carrasco
- Vedad Ibišević
- Edin Višća
- Joonas Tamm
- Vasilis Torosidis

- 2 goals

- Jan Vertonghen
- Axel Witsel
- Izet Hajrović
- Haris Medunjanin
- Emir Spahić

- 1 goal

- Toby Alderweireld
- Michy Batshuayi
- Nacer Chadli
- Thorgan Hazard
- Ermin Bičakčić
- Dario Đumić
- Kenan Kodro
- Senad Lulić
- Miralem Pjanić
- Toni Šunjić
- Avdija Vršajević
- Demetris Christofi
- Vincent Laban
- Constantinos Laifis
- Valentinos Sielis
- Henri Anier
- Ilja Antonov
- Siim Luts
- Sergei Mošnikov
- Konstantin Vassiljev
- Sergei Zenjov
- Lee Casciaro
- Anthony Hernandez
- Liam Walker
- Kostas Fortounis
- Giannis Gianniotas
- Petros Mantalos
- Kostas Stafylidis
- Georgios Tzavellas
- Alexandros Tziolis
- Zeca

- 1 own goal

- Emir Spahić (against Belgium)
- Ragnar Klavan (against Belgium)
- Roy Chipolina (against Cyprus)
- Scott Wiseman (against Greece)

## Other websites

- Qualifiers – Europe: Round 1 , FIFA.com
- FIFA World Cup, UEFA.com
    - Standings – Qualifying round: Group H, UEFA.com
Suthachai Yimprasert

**Suthachai Yimprasert** (April 28, 1956 – September 27, 2017) was a Thai historian who wrote _Phan Ching Chart Thai_ (English: Plot to Take Over the Nation) and _Adyakam Rat Nai Vikrit Kan Plianplaeng_ (English: State Crime Amidst Change Crisis).

An article in Khaosod (a newspaper) said that he "became one of the most respected names in modern historical writing" [in Thailand].

_The Nation_ (a newspaper) called  him a _noted_ historian. Tnews "a hardline pro-junta news website, praised him as a “lover of democracy” in its tribute".

## Early life

He was a student activist, and on 6 October 1976 he and other leftist students gathered after an overnight protest at Thammasat [University], police commandos and right-wing militia members stormed the campus and butchered scores of students. ... [he] saw several of his friends gunned down in the massacre, decided armed uprising was the only solution. He fled to the southern jungle, joined the Communist rebels", and became a guerrilla fighter.

He got his Bachelor’s Degree from Srinakharinwirot University, Master's Degree from Chulalongkorn University and Doctor's Degree from University of Bristol.
Kientzheim

**Kientzheim** was a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Kaysersberg-Vignoble.

## References

- INSEE

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Kientzheim
- **image coat of arms**: FR 68 Blason Kientzheim.svg
- **arrondissement**: Colmar-Ribeauvillé
- **canton**: Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
- **insee**: 68164
- **postal code**: 68240
- **mayor**: Joseph Fritsch
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Vallée de Kaysersberg
- **elevation m**: 225
- **elevation min m**: 220
- **elevation max m**: 662
- **area km2**: 4.83
- **population**: 819
- **population date**: 2006
Kaysersberg-Vignoble

**Kaysersberg-Vignoble** is a new commune in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. It was incorporated on 1 January 2016 by the combination of the former communes of Kaysersberg, Kientzheim and Sigolsheim.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Kaysersberg-Vignoble
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Colmar-Ribeauvillé
- **canton**: Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
- **insee**: 68162
- **postal code**: 68240
- **mayor**: Pascal Lohr
- **term**: 2016-2020
- **intercommunality**: Vallée de Kaysersberg
- **elevation min m**: 188
- **elevation max m**: 924
- **area km2**: 35.45
- **population**: 4617
- **population date**: 2012
Kiffis

**Kiffis** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Kingersheim

**Kingersheim** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi

**Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi Lasa** (22 March 1927 – 28 September 2017) was a Spanish movie director, producer, screenwriter and movie editor. He was born in Madrid, Spain. In the mid-1960s he directed a series of action movies designed for the wider European market including _Scaramouche_ (_The Adventures of Scaramouche_) in 1963 _and Estambul 65_ (_That Man in Istanbul_) in 1965. He made some English-language movies, most notably _They Came to Rob Las Vegas_.

He directed 13 feature movies, wrote eleven and produced eight.

In 1981, he was a member the jury at the 31st Berlin International Film Festival.

Isasi-Isasmendi died on 28 September 2017 in Ibiza, Spain at the age of 90.
Jürgen Roth

**Jürgen Roth** (4 November 1945 – 28 September 2017) was a German publicist and investigative journalist. He was born in Frankfurt on Main, Germany. He was known for his works in _Armut in der Bundesrepublik_, _Der Sumpf_ and for _Absturz_.

Roth died on 28 September 2017 in Frankfurt at the age of 71.
Oleg Protopopov

**Oleg Alekseyevich Protopopov** (; 16 July 1932 – 3 November 2023) was a Russian-Swiss pair skater. He was born in Leningrad, Russian SFSR.

Protopopov represented the Soviet Union. With his wife Ludmila Belousova he is a two-time Olympic champion (1964, 1968) and four-time World champion (1965–1968). In 1979 the pair defected to Switzerland and became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and exhibitions through their seventies.

Protopopov died on 3 November 2023 in Grindelwald, Switzerland at aged 91.

## Related pages

- The Protopopovs

## Other websites

- Pairs on Ice profile
Benjamin Whitrow

**Benjamin John Whitrow** (17 February 1937 – 28 September 2017) was an English actor. He was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actor for his role as Mr Bennet in the 1995 BBC version of _Pride and Prejudice_.

Whitrow voiced the role of Fowler in the 2000 animated movie _Chicken Run_. His other movie appearances include _Quadrophenia_ (1979), _Personal Services_ (1987) and _Bomber_ (2009).

Whitrow died on 28 September 2017 at the age of 80.

## Other websites

- Benjamin Whitrow at bbc.co.uk Drama

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Benjamin Whitrow
- **birth name**: Benjamin John Whitrow
- **birth date**: 17 February 1937
- **birth place**: Oxford, Oxfordshire, England
- **death date**: 28 September 2017 (aged 80)
- **education**: Dragon School
Tonbridge School
Royal Academy of Dramatic Art
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1964–present
- **children**: 3, including Angus Imrie
Mont Mézenc

**Mont Mézenc** is a French mountain in the _Massif du Mézenc_, part of the Massif Central in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is on the border of the Ardèche and Haute-Loire departments and is the highest mountain of both departments.

The mountain is in the "Natural regional park of the Mountains of Ardèche" ().

## Geography

Mont Mézenc is the highest mountain of the eastern border of the Massif Central. It is formed by two summits that are separated for a distance of about :

1. The southern summit is the highest with an altitude of ; it is in the _commune_ of Borée, Ardèche department, and is the highest point in this department.
1. The northern summit has an altitude of , where the _communes_ La Rochette (Ardèche), Chaudeyrolles (Haute-Loire) and Les Estables (Haute-Loire) meet. It is the highest point of the Haute-Loire department. There is an iron cross on top of this summit; it was put there by French prisoners when they returned from Germany.

The Mont Mézenc has a volcanic origin; it is a dome of _phonolite_, a kind volcanic rock. The mountain is covered by grasslands and heaths.

## Other websites

- Un matin sur le mont chauve des Cévennes

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Mont Mézenc
- **photo**: Mont_Mézenc_-_France.JPG
- **photo alt**: View of Mont_Mézenc
- **photo caption**: The two summits of Mont Mézenc : the northern summit to the left and the southern summit to the right.
- **elevation m**: 1753
- **prominence m**: 793
- **location**: Ardèche and Haute-Loire Departments of France, departments, France
- **range**: Massif Central
- **easiest route**: from Les Estables
- **map**: France
- **map caption**: France
Tom Alter

**Thomas Beach "Tom" Alter** (22 June 1950 – 29 September 2017)  was an Indian actor  of American descent. He was a television actor, best known for his work in Bollywood, and the theatre.

Alter was born in Mussoorie, Uttar Pradesh, India (now in Uttarakhand). He was the son of American Christian missionaries of English and Scottish ancestry.

In 2008, he was awarded Padma Shri by the Indian government.

Tom Alter' son  released a statement of his father's demise which said, "It is with sadness we announce the death of our beloved Tom Alter, actor, writer, director, Padma Shri, and most importantly our loving father!". Alter died of skin cancer on 29 September 2017 at his home in Mumbai, India at the age of 67.
Ludmila Belousova

**Ludmila Yevgenyevna Belousova** (; 22 November 1935 – 29 September 2017) was a Russian-Swiss pair skater. She was born in Ulyanovsk, Russian SFSR.

## Career

Belousova represented the Soviet Union. With her partner and husband Oleg Protopopov she was a two-time Olympic champion (1964, 1968) and four-time World champion (1965–1968). In 1979 the pair defected to Switzerland and became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and exhibitions through their seventies.

Belousova died on 29 September 2017 in Interlaken, Switzerland at the age of 81.

## Related pages

- The Protopopovs

## Other websites

- Pairs on Ice profile

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Ludmila Yevgenyevna Belousova
- **image**: Ludmila Belousova 1965.jpg
- **caption**: Belousova in October 1965
- **birth name**: Людмила Евгеньевна Белоусова
- **birth date**: 22 November 1935
- **birth place**: Ulyanovsk, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR
- **death place**: Interlaken, Switzerland
Dmitry Smolsky

**Dmitry Smolski** (July 25, 1937 – September 29, 2017) was a Belarusian composer. He was born in Minsk, Belarus. He was an Honored Artist of Belorussian SSR (1975) and a laureate of the State Prize of BSSR (1980). He also received the National Artist of the Republic of Belarus (1987), laureate of the Order of Francysk Skaryna (2013), professor.

Smolsky was the father of Victor Smolski, guitarist of the German sympho metal band Almanac.

Smolsky died on September 29, 2017 in Minks from complications of pneumonia at the age of 80.
Magdalena Ribbing

**Magdalena Ribbing** (30 July 1940 – 29 September 2017) was a Swedish writer, journalist, etiquette expert and lecturer. She married radio journalist Thomas Hempel in 1981. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden.

Between 1970 and 2000 Ribbing worked as a political reporter for Dagens Nyheter, and from 1993 until 1999 she was the editor in chief of the Namn & nytt department of the paper. Ribbing was a "Sommarpratare" (Summer Presenter) on the Sveriges Radio show Sommar i P1 twice, on 13 June 1994 and 21 June 2000.

On 29 September 2017, Ribbing died after a fall in her home in Stockholm at the age of 77.
Deaths in October 2017

The following is a list of **notable deaths in October 2017**. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Previous months". Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.
- Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, nationality, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and most importantly a source.
__TOC__
Joe Tiller

**Joseph Henry "Joe" Tiller** (December 7, 1942 – September 30, 2017) was an American football player and coach. He was born in Toledo, Ohio.

Tiller served as the head football coach at the University of Wyoming from 1991 to 1996 and Purdue University from 1997 to 2008, having a career college football record of 126–92–1. Tiller was known as one of the innovators of the spread offense. He played for the Calgary Stampeders and for the Montana State Bobcats.

Tiller died on September 30, 2017 in Buffalo, Wyoming at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Purdue profile
Lüen

**Lüen** was a municipality of the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Lüen, Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lüen
- **image photo**: Lüen Ansicht2.jpg
- **image caption**: Lüen village
- **municipality name**: Lüen
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Lüen wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Lüen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Plessur (district), Plessur
- **postal code**: 7027
- **municipality code**: 3925
- **area**: 3.46
- **elevation**: 990
- **population**: 84
- **populationof**: 2010
- **website**: www.lueen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Castiel, Switzerland, Castiel, Praden, St. Peter-Pagig, Tschiertschen
Kirchberg, Haut-Rhin

**Kirchberg** is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Waylon Smithers

**Waylon Joseph Smithers Jr.**, usually referred to as **Mr. Smithers** or simply **Smithers**, is a character in the animated television series _The Simpsons_. He is voiced by Harry Shearer and made his first appeared in the episode "Homer's Odyssey", although his voice could be heard in the series premiere "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire". He is the consummate executive and personal assistant of Springfield Nuclear Power Plant's owner Mr. Burns.

## Other websites

- Waylon Smithers at TheSimpsons.com

## Infobox (simpsons character)

- **name**: Waylon Smithers
- **appearance**: "Homer's Odyssey (The Simpsons), Homer's Odyssey" (1990)
Jennifer Lee

**Jennifer Michelle Lee** (born 1971) is an American movie director and a screenwriter. She is best-known for being the writer and director of the 2013 animated movie _Frozen_; she got an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature for this movie. She also co-wrote the 2012 movie _Wreck-It Ralph_.

Lee was born near Providence, Rhode Island as Jennifer Michelle Rebecchi. In 2019, he began a domestic partnership with actor Alfred Molina. They were married in 2021.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jennifer Lee
- **image**: Jennifer Lee.jpg
- **caption**: Lee at the premiere of Disney's _Frozen (2013 film), Frozen_ at the El Capitan Theatre on November 19, 2013.
- **birth name**: Jennifer Michelle Rebecchi
- **birth place**: Providence, Rhode Island, United States
- **alma mater**: University of New Hampshire
Columbia University School of the Arts
- **occupation**: Film director, screenwriter
- **known for**: _Wreck-It Ralph_
_Frozen (2013 film), Frozen_
_Zootopia_
- **years active**: 2004–present
- **spouse**: Robert Monn (m. 1999–?; divorced)

- **children**: 1
Arrondissements of the Haute-Savoie department

There are 4 **arrondissements in the Haute-Savoie department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into _arrondissements_, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of the Haute-Savoie are:

|INSEE code !! Arrondissement !! Capital !! Population <small>(2014)</small> !! Area <small>(km²)</small> !! Density <small>(Inh./km²)</small> !! _Communes_|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|741|Annecy|Annecy|276,382|1,261.6||80|
|742|Bonneville|Bonneville|184,093|1,558.2||61|
|743|Saint-Julien-en-Genevois|Saint-Julien-en-Genevois|180,562|660.3||72|
|744|Thonon-les-Bains|Thonon-les-Bains|142,090|907.7||68|

## History

Since its creation in 1860, the Haute-Savoie department has had few changes:
- 1860 : creation of the department from the northern part of the Duchy of Sardinia with four _arrondissements_: Annecy, Bonneville, Saint-Julien and Thonon. The capital was Annecy.
- 1926 : the arrondissement of Saint-Julien was eliminated.
- 1933 : Saint-Julien is again an arrondissement.

## Related pages

- Arrondissement of Annecy
- Arrondissement of Bonneville
- Arrondissement of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois
- Arrondissement of Thonon-les-Bains
- List of arrondissements of France
Bean (disambiguation)

A **bean** is a large seed of several plants in the family _Fabaceae_, including the seed of the common bean.

**Bean** or **beans** may also refer to:

## Places

- Bean, Kent, a village in north Kent in England
- Bean Lake (Cottonwood County, Minnesota)
- Bean Lake (Missouri)
- Bean River, a river in New Hampshire, United States
- Beantown, a nickname for Boston, Massachusetts, the home of Boston baked beans

## Other

- Mr. Bean, a British television character and series (1990–1995)
- Bean, a character from the Ender's Game series
- Beans, a character from Looney Tunes
- Bean Cars, an early British car company
- L.L.Bean, an American company
French Tech

**French Tech** is a French label awarded to metropolitan centers recognized for their ecosystem of startups, as well as a common brand that can be used by French innovative companies.

The French Tech aims in particular to give a strong visual identity to the French startups, as well as to encourage exchanges between them.

This label was created in 2013 by the French government.
Exotic atom

An **exotic atom** is an atom that has a particle replaced by a particle of the same charge. For example, Positronium, an exotic atom, contains an electron and a positron. The positron (which is the antiparticle of the electron) replaces a proton which would normally be found in that atom. Most exotic atoms are hard to discover, because they decay very quickly. Positronium on average has a half-life (how long until half of the object is gone via decay) of 0.125 nanoseconds. There are a few types of exotic atom.

## Muonic atom

A muonic atom is an exotic atom that has a muon, instead of an electron, orbiting the nucleus. Because a muon is much more massive than an electron, the muon orbits much closer to the nucleus.

## Hadronic atom

A hadronic atom is an exotic atom that has an electron replaced by a negatively charged hadron. The hadron could be a meson (such as a pion or a kaon, creating a pionic atom or a kaonic atom, respectively). Another hadronic atom is an antiproton (antiparticle of the proton) atom, that has an antiproton replacing an electron. This is known as an antiprotonic atom.

## Onium

An onium is an exotic atom that has a particle bound to its antiparticle. A good example is Positronium, which is an electron bound to a positron.

## Hypernuclear atom

A hypernuclear atom is an exotic atom that contains strange particles (a particle that is made of a strange quark) called hyperons.

## Related pages

- Positronium
- Antimatter
- Atom
- Hadron
- Meson
Plum pudding model

The **plum pudding model** is an early 20th century model of an atom (it was later found to be wrong). It was proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904, after the electron had been discovered by him, but before the atomic nucleus was discovered. Scientists knew that there was a positive charge in the atom that balanced out the negative charges of the electrons, making the atom neutral, but they did not know where the positive charge was coming from. Thomson's model showed an atom that has a positively charged _medium_, or space, with negatively charged electrons inside the medium. Soon after its proposal, the model was called a "plum pudding" model because the positive medium was like a pudding, with electrons like plums inside.

### Rutherford's model

In 1909, not long after Thomson's model was proposed, Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden made an experiment with thin sheets of gold, to test Thomson's model. Their professor, Ernest Rutherford, expected the results to prove Thomson correct, but their results were very different to what they were expecting. In 1911, Rutherford discovered that the positive charges come from tiny particles called protons, and that the protons were in a tiny center called the nucleus, and that the electrons were orbiting around the nucleus.

### Niels Bohr's model

Rutherford's model was simple, but it was later disproved because electrons have charge, and they should be attracted to the positively charged nucleus. In 1913, Niels Bohr added 'energy levels' to the atomic model. Electrons do not fall into the nucleus because they are contained in energy levels, and to change to higher energy levels extra energy is needed, and to change to lower energy levels a release of energy is needed. It is not possible to change energy states without changing the energy of the electron. If an electron gets hit by a photon (a particle that carries electromagnetic radiation) it will gain extra energy and go into a higher energy level (it changes states), then it will jump back down to a lower energy level, releasing its contained energy. This new model was called the Bohr model or the Rutherford-Bohr model. This added a whole new branch of science:  Quantum physics.

### Quantum model

In 1926 Erwin Schrödinger used the idea that electrons act as a wave, as well as a particle; this is known as a wave-particle duality. With a particle, one can know where it is in space when looking at it. But with a wave, it is all over the place, so there is no clear definition of where exactly it is. This is known as quantum uncertainty. With an electron, the probability of being in one place is known, because it is a wave as well as a particle.

## Related pages

- Atomic theory
- Quantum mechanics
- John Dalton
- J. J. Thomson
- Ernest Rutherford
- James Chadwick
- Niels Bohr
- Arnold Sommerfeld
- Erwin Schrödinger
World Nuclear Association

The **World Nuclear Association** is an organisation that tries to educate people about nuclear energy, and helps companies that are in the nuclear industry.
Weetzen

**Weetzen** is a village in the town of Ronnenberg in Lower Saxony, Germany. In 2011, about 2000 people lived there.
Catherine Hardy Lavender

**Catherine Hardy Lavender** (née **Catherine Hardy**) (February 8, 1930 – September 8, 2017) was an American athlete.

Lavender competed mainly in the 100-meter dash.  She won an Olympic gold medal in the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1952 Olympic Summer Games in Helsinki, Finland. Later Hardy married, had children, and a 30-year teaching career in Atlanta schools. She was born in Carroll County, Georgia.

Lavender died of complications from pneumonia in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 87 on September 8, 2017.

## Other websites

- 1995-1996 Spirit of Legends Calendar of Black History; BellSouth, Carl Swearingen; 1995.
Knœringue

**Knœringue** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
James Madison Lee

**James Madison Lee** (October 15, 1926 – September 11, 2017) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army. He served as commander of United States Army Pacific (Western Command) from 1983 until his retirement in 1985. Lee also served in the Vietnam War and Korean War, commanding infantry in each. He was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. He retired in 1985.

Lee died of complications from dementia on September 11, 2017 in Wilmington at the age of 90.
Rinse Zijlstra

**Rinse Zijlstra** (19 April 1927 – 26 September 2017) was a Dutch politician. He was born in Oosterbierum. His older borther was former prime minister Jelle Zijlstra.

Zijlstra served in the House of Representatives from 1967 to 1973 as a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party. Between 1975 and 1981, Zijlstra was mayor of Smallingerland. He was elected to the Senate between 1983 and 1995, representing the Christian Democratic Appeal, which had absorbed the Anti-Revolutionary Party in 1980.

Zijlstra died in Beetsterzwaag of complications from Alzheimer's disease on 26 September 2017, aged 90.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rinse Zijlstra
- **image**: Rinse Zijlstra.jpg
- **office**: Senate (Netherlands), Senator
- **term start**: 1983
- **term end**: 1995
- **office1**: Mayor of Smallingerland
- **term start1**: 1975
- **term end1**: 1981
- **office2**: Member of the House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives
- **term start2**: 1967
- **term end2**: 1973
- **birth place**: Oosterbierum, Netherlands
- **death place**: Beetsterzwaag, Netherlands
- **nationality**: Netherlands, Dutch
- **party**: Christian Democratic Appeal
- **otherparty**: Anti-Revolutionary Party
Andreas Schmidt

**Andreas M. Schmidt** (23 November 1963 – 28 September 2017) was a German actor and theatre director. He was born in Finnentrop, West Germany. His first acting role was in the 1987 movie _Peng! Du bist tot!_. Schmidt was nominated three times at the Deutscher Filmpreis, winning once in 2009.

Schmidt was known for his roles in _Sommer vorm Balkon_ (2005), _The Counterfeiters_ (2007), _The Moon and Other Lovers_ (2008), and _Henri 4_ (2010).

Schmidt died on 28 September 2017 in Berlin of cancer at the age of 53.
Frank Hamblen

**Frank Alan Hamblen, II** (April 16, 1947 – September 30, 2017) was an American basketball coach and scout. He played college basketball at Syracuse. He was born in Terre Haute, Indiana. He was known for being the assistant coach of the Denver Rockets and for the Milwaukee Bucks. He was also the interim coach for the Los Angeles Lakers.

Hamblen died on September 30, 2017 of cardiac arrest in San Diego, California at the age of  70.

## Other websites

- NBA.com coach profile
- BasketballReference: Frank Hamblen
- OrangeHoops: Frank Hamblen
Jean-Marie Lehn

**Jean-Marie Lehn** (born September 30, 1939) is a French chemist. He received the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Donald James Cram and Charles J. Pedersen. He specializes in organic chemistry and supramolecular chemistry.

He was born in Rosheim, France.

Lehn was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1988.

## Related pages

- List of Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Jean-Marie Lehn
- **image**: Jean-Marie Lehn par Claude Truong-Ngoc octobre 2018.jpg
- **image size**: 280px
- **caption**: Jean-Marie Lehn, 2018
- **birth place**: Rosheim, Bas-Rhin, France
- **nationality**: France
- **field**: Supramolecular chemistry
- **known for**: Cryptands
Barney Gumble

**Barnard** "**Barney**" **Gumble** is a fictional character in the animated television series _The Simpsons_. Dan Castellaneta is the voice actor for him. He was first seen in the first episode of the show ("Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire"). He is Homer Simpson's best friend. He is very drunk, but he became sober in the episode "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses".

## Other websites

- Barney Gumble at TheSimpsons.com

## Infobox (simpsons character)

- **name**: Barney Gumble
- **gender**: Male
- **appearance**: "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire" (1989)
Transcaucasian SFSR

The **Transcaucasian SFSR** was a Soviet republic consisting of modern Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan with its capital in Tbilisi. It lasted from 1922 to 1936.  The Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia was also a part of the Transcaucasian SFSR, while it exiusted (1921 - 1931). After protests, Lavrenty Beria dispanded the republic in 1936. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia again became independent republics (part of the Soviet Union). The Abchasian SFSR had been merged into Georgia earlier.
Lumbrein

**Lumbrein** was a municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. The municipalities of Cumbel, Degen, Lumbrein, Morissen, Suraua, Vignogn, Vella, and Vrin merged on 1 January 2013, into the new municipality of Lumnezia.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lumbrein
- **municipality name**: Lumbrein
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Lumbrein wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Lumbrein.png
- **languages**: Romansh
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7148
- **municipality code**: 3595
- **area**: 37.86
- **elevation**: 1405
- **population**: 363
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: www.lumbrein.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Obersaxen, St. Martin, Graubünden, St. Martin, Sumvitg, Vals, Switzerland, Vals, Vignogn, Vrin
Karl Ravens

**Karl Ravens** (June 29, 1927 – September 8, 2017) was a German politician.

Ravens was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He served as the Federal Minister of Regional Planning, Construction and Urban Development for West Germany from 1974 to 1978.

He was also a member of the synod of the Evangelical Church in Germany from 1979 to 1981.

Ravens was born in Achim, Lower Saxony, and died in Hanover, at the age of 90.
Hansje Bunschoten

**Hansje Bunschoten** (3 May 1958 – 1 October 2017) was a freestyle swimmer and television presenter from the Netherlands. She competed for her native country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. As a member of the Dutch Relay Teams she finished in fifth place, both in the 4 × 100 m medley and the 4 × 100 m freestyle.

Bunschoten was born in Hilversum and died of complications from breast cancer in Berlin on 1 October 2017 at the age of 59.
Edmond Maire

**Edmond Maire** (24 January 1931 – 1 October 2017) was a French labor union leader. He was the secretary general of the French Democratic Confederation of Labour from 1971 to 1988. He was dismissive of strike actions and supported a more equal division of labour.

Maire died on 1 October 2017 in Paris at the age of 86.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Edmond Maire
- **image**: Edmond Maire par Claude Truong-Ngoc.jpeg
- **caption**: Edmond Maire in 1978
- **birth place**: Epinay-sur-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, France
- **education**: Collège-lycée Jacques-Decour
- **alma mater**: Conservatoire national des arts et métiers
- **children**: Jacques Maire
Plant community

A **plant community** (sometimes "photosynthesis" or "photosynthesis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types.
Larissa Volpert

**Larisa Ilinichna Volpert** (30 March 1926  – 1 October 2017 ) was a Soviet-Russian chess Woman Grandmaster and Soviet-Russian-Estonian philologist of Jewish descent.

She was three times  Soviet women's chess champion (1954, 1958, and 1959). She earned the Woman International Master title in 1954 and the Woman Grandmaster title in 1977.

Volpert was born in Leningrad and died in Tallinn, Estonia at the age of 91.
Robert Elsie

**Robert Elsie** (June 29, 1950 – October 2, 2017) was a Canadian scholar who specialized in Albanian literature and folklore. He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was known for his works _Albanian Literature : A Short History_ and _The Highland Lute (Lahuta e Malcís): The Albanian National Epic_. As a translator, Elsie offered the reader “a selection of songs from the best known cycle of Albanian epic verse”.

Elsie died of complications from ALS in Bonn, Germany on October 2, 2017 at the age of 67.

## Other websites

- Elsie's personal site.
Arthur Janov

**Arthur "Art" Janov** (; (August 21, 1924 – October 1, 2017) was an American psychologist, psychotherapist, and the creator of primal therapy, a treatment for mental illness that involves repeatedly descending into, feeling, and experiencing long-repressed childhood pain. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Janov directed a psychotherapy institute called the Primal Center in Santa Monica, California. Janov was the author of many books, most notably _The Primal Scream_ (1970).

Janov died in his sleep of respiratory arrest after suffering a stroke at his home in Malibu, California on October 1, 2017 at the age of 93.

## Other websites

- Dr Arthur Janov's Primal Center
- Janov's Reflections on the Human Condition Arthur Janov's Blog
- _Grand Delusions—Psychotherapies Without Feeling_ (2005)  unpublished manuscript available at the Primal Center's website
- Life Before Birth website
Julie Payette

**Julie Payette** (born October 20, 1963) is a Canadian businesswoman, former astronaut, engineer, and was the 29th Governor General of Canada.

Payette has completed two spaceflights, STS-96 and STS-127, logging more than 25 days in space. She served as chief astronaut for the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and has served as capsule communicator at NASA Mission Control Center in Houston.

She resigned on January 21, 2020. She was the first Governor General to leave office due to scandal.

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **child**: yes
- **type**: Canadian Space Agency, CSA astronaut
- **selection**: List of astronauts by selection#1992, 1992 CSA Group
- **time**: 25 days 11 h 57 min
- **mission**: STS-96, STS-127
- **insignia**:


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Her Excellency the Right Honourable
- **name**: Julie Payette
- **image**: Julie Payette 2017.jpg
- **alt**: Julie Payette in Ottawa in 2017
- **office**: 29th Governor General of Canada
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **primeminister**: Justin Trudeau
- **term start**: October 2, 2017
- **term end**: January 21, 2021
- **predecessor**: David Johnston
- **successor**: Mary Simon
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **spouse**: François Brissette (Divorce, div. 1999)
William Flynn (div. 2015)
- **children**: 1 son (aged )
- **residence**: Rideau Hall
- **education**: McGill University
University of Toronto
University of Texas tower shooting

The **University of Texas tower shooting** was a school shooting in the United States. It happened on August 1, 1966. It took place in Austin, Texas at University of Texas at Austin.

Sixteen people were killed in the incident. A 17th victim succumbed to his injuries in 2001.

Charles Whitman was the mass murderer. It has been suggested that Whitman's violent impulses, with which he struggled for years, were caused by a tumor on his brain. Whitman had killed his wife and his mother hours earlier.

After the shootings, the observation deck was closed. The many bullet holes were repaired. The tower was closed again in 1975 after four suicides. It reopened in 1999 after security features were put up.

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: University of Texas Tower shooting
- **image**: The Tower, University of Texas at Austin (ca 1980).jpg
- **caption**: Main building of the University of Texas
- **location**: University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, U.S.
- **time**: **Stabbing:**  12:15 a.m. – 3:00 a.m.
**Shooting:** 11:48 a.m. – 1:24 p.m.
- **timezone**: UTC-06:00
- **type**: School shooting, mass shooting, familicide, matricide, uxoricide, mass murder, stabbing
- **fatalities**: 18 (including Whitman and an unborn child)
- **injuries**: 31
- **perpetrator**: Charles Whitman
- **weapons**: * Remington 700, Remington 700 ADL (6mm Remington, 6mm)
* M1 carbine, Universal M1 carbine
*
* Sears model 60 Semi-automatic shotgun (Gauge (bore diameter), 12 gauge)
* Smith & Wesson Model 19, S&W Model 19 (.357 Magnum)
* Luger P08 (9mm)
* Galesi-Brescia (.25 ACP)
* Knife
St James's Park

**St James's Park** is one of the oldest parks in the City of Westminster in London. It is  large and is surrounded by buildings including two palaces: Buckingham Palace, Green Park, Queen's Gardens, the Victoria Memorial, Horse Guards, Birdcage Walk. It opens every day and welcomes more than five million visitors per year. In the park there is a small lake called St James's Park Lake with two islands: West Island and Duck Island (a duck reserve).
Stephen Paddock

**Stephen Craig Paddock** (April 9, 1953 – October 1, 2017) was an American mass murderer, who orchestrated the 2017 Las Vegas shooting.

Paddock killed 60 and injured 487 people during a country music festival on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada on October 1, 2017. After being discovered by the police in Mandalay Bay resort, he committed suicide by shooting himself.

According to police, Paddock acted alone. His motive remains unknown. There has been some discussion around brain pathology.

He was born in Clinton, Iowa and grew up in Tucson, Arizona and Sun Valley, Los Angeles. He lived in Mesquite, Nevada, and was a retired accountant.

His father Benjamin Hoskins Paddock (1926–1998) was a bank robber.

## References

- NBC News

## Infobox (criminal)

- **image**: Stephen Paddock surveillance still.jpg
- **caption**: Stephen Paddock
- **birth name**: Stephen Craig Paddock
- **birth place**: Clinton, Iowa, Clinton, Iowa, U.S.
- **death place**: Paradise, Nevada, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
- **occupation**: Accountant, real estate investor
- **known for**: Perpetrator of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting
- **parents**: Benjamin Hoskins Paddock, Benjamin Paddock
- **date**: October 1, 2017
- **time**: 10:0510:15p.m.
- **targets**: Route 91 Harvest music festival audience
- **locations**: Las Vegas Strip, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
- **fatalities**: 61 (including himself)
- **injuries**: 851
Paul Modrich

**Paul Lawrence Modrich** (born June 13, 1946) is an American biochemist. He is known for his research on DNA mismatch repair. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015, together with Aziz Sancar and Tomas Lindahl.

He was born on June 13, 1946, in Raton, New Mexico to Laurence and Margaret Modrich. He has a younger brother Dave. His father was a biology teacher and coach for basketball, football and tennis at Raton High School where he graduated in 1964.

## His work

He works primarily on strand-directed mismatch repair. His lab demonstrated how DNA mismatch repair serves as a copyeditor to prevent errors from DNA polymerase. Matthew Meselson previously proposed the existence of recognition of mismatches. Modrich performed biochemical experiments to study mismatch repair in _E. coli_. They later searched for proteins associated with mismatch repair in humans.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Paul L. Modrich
- **image**: Paul L. Modrich 0116.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Paul L. Modrich, Nobel Laureate in chemistry in Stockholm December 2015
- **birth name**: Paul Lawrence Modrich
- **birth place**: Raton, New Mexico, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States
- **alma mater**: MIT, Stanford University (PhD)
- **known for**: Clarification of cellular resistance to carcinogens
- **website**: [http://www.biochem.duke.edu/paul-l-modrich-primary Paul L. Modrich]
- **field**: DNA mismatch repair
Reich President

The **Reich President** (German: _Reichspräsident_) was the president (head of state) of the German Reich during the Weimar Republic (1919-1933) and Nazi Germany (1933-1945).

The Reich President was the successor of the German emperor. He had more power than the current Federal President (_Bundespräsident_).

The Reich President was elected for a seven-year term by the German people, and could be re-elected. He was the head of the army, appointed and relieved the Reich Chancellor (_Reichskanzler_), and could also send away the Reichstag.

The Reich President was supposed to exercise the legislative power with the Reichstag but due to the instable situation of the Weimar Republic, he was often bypassing the Reichstag by using special legislation. This was the case during the early years of the Reich Presidency and especially in the early 1930s. During the Hitler period the Reichstag was just show.

## Presidents

Weimar Republic:
- Friedrich Ebert (1919-1925, SPD, died in office)
- Hans Luther (1925, no political party, acting)
- Walter Simons (1925, no political party, acting)
- Paul von Hindenburg (1925-1933, no political party, re-elected in 1932)

Nazi Germany:
- Paul von Hindenburg (1933-1934, no political party, died in office)
- Adolf Hitler (1934-1945, NSDAP, killed himself)
- Karl Dönitz (1945, NSDAP, imprisoned)

## References

- _Presidents and Assemblies_, Chapter 4. Matthew Soberg Shugart, John M. Carey. Cambridge University Press. 1992.
Renens

**Renens** is a municipality of the district Ouest lausannois in the Swiss canton of Vaud.

It is a suburb of the city of Lausanne.

## Other websites

- Renens Homepage

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Renens
- **municipality name**: Renens
- **municipality type**: city
- **image photo**: RenensChateau.jpg
- **image caption**: Renens castle
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Renens COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Renens.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Vaud
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VD
- **district**: Ouest lausannois District, Ouest Lausannois
- **postal code**: 1020
- **municipality code**: 5591
- **area**: 2.96
- **elevation**: 415
- **population**: 18511
- **populationof**: December 2003
- **popofyear**: 2003
- **website**: www.renens.ch
- **mayor**: Marianne Huguenin
- **mayor asof**: 2007
- **mayor party**: POP
- **mayor title**: Syndic
- **demonym**: Les Renanais
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lausanne, Crissier, Prilly
- **twintowns**: Dietikon (Switzerland)
Birsfelden

**Birsfelden** (Swiss German: _Birsfälde_) is a municipality in Arlesheim in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Birsfelden
- **municipality name**: Birsfelden
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Coat of arms of Birsfelden.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Birsfelden.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Arlesheim (district), Arlesheim
- **postal code**: 4127
- **municipality code**: 2766
- **area**: 2.52
- **elevation**: 259
- **population**: 10'469
- **populationof**: Dec 2016
- **website**: www.birsfelden.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Basel (BS), Grenzach-Wyhlen (DE-BW), Muttenz, Riehen (BS)
- **twintowns**: Plan-les-Ouates (Switzerland)
Obersaxen Mundaun

**Obersaxen Mundaun** is a new municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Mundaun and Obersaxen merged into the new municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun.

## Other websites

- Official website of the municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Obersaxen Mundaun
- **image photo**: Obersaxen westwärts.jpg
- **image caption**: Obersaxen
- **municipality name**: Obersaxen Mundaun
- **municipality type**: Municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Obersaxen Mundaun COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Obersaxen-Mundaun 2016.png
- **languages**: Romansh/German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7134 Obersaxen
7137 Flond
7138 Surcuolm
- **municipality code**: 3988
- **area**: 70.11
- **elevation description**: Meierhof
- **population**: 1139
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: www.obersaxenmundaun.swiss
- **places**: Obersaxen, Mundaun, Flond, Surcuolm
- **neighboring municipalities**: Breil/Brigels, Degen, Switzerland, Degen, Lumbrein, Rueun, Sumvitg, Trun, Switzerland, Trun, Vella, Vignogn, Waltensburg/Vuorz
BuzzFeed

***BuzzFeed*** is an internet media company based in New York City. It has offices around the world. ***BuzzFeed*** was founded in 2006 by Jonah Peretti and John S. Johnson III.

## Other websites

- _BuzzFeed_
Obersaxen

**Obersaxen** () was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Obersaxen and Mundaun merged into the new municipality of Obersaxen Mundaun.

## Villages

Platenga, Affeier, Egga, Misanenga, Miraniga, Meierhof, Giraniga, St. Joseph, Tschappina and St. Martin.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Obersaxen
- **image photo**: Obersaxen westwärts.jpg
- **municipality name**: Obersaxen
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Obersaxen Mundaun COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Obersaxen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Surselva (district), Surselva
- **postal code**: 7134
- **municipality code**: 3612
- **area**: 61.54
- **elevation**: 1281
- **elevation description**: Meierhof
- **population**: 838
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: www.gemeinde-obersaxen.ch
- **places**: Platenga, Affeier, Egga, Misanenga, Miraniga, Meierhof, Giraniga, St. Joseph, Tschappina, St. Martin
- **neighboring municipalities**: Breil/Brigels, Degen, Switzerland, Degen, Flond, Lumbrein, Rueun, Sumvitg, Surcuolm, Trun, Switzerland, Trun, Vella, Vignogn, Waltensburg/Vuorz