juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Electronic body music

**Electronic body music** (**EBM**, also known as **aggropop**) is a music genre that mixes together parts of industrial music and electronic dance music. It first became popular in Belgium.

## Infobox (music genre)

- **name**: Electronic body music
- **bgcolor**: silver
- **color**: black
- **popularity**: Small
- **subgenrelist**: List of electronic music genres
The Birthday Massacre

**The Birthday Massacre** is a synth rock band based in Toronto, Canada. The band was officially formed in 1999, known at that time as **Imagica**, a name taken from a novel by Clive Barker called Imajica. In 2001 they changed their name to The Birthday Massacre. They have released 5 studio albums and they announced in January 2013 that they are working on a 6th album. In 2013 they did a tour with Emilie Autumn. In 2014 The Birthday Massacre will release their sixth album.

## Career

In 2002 The Birthday Massacre released their first album, _Nothing and Nowhere_. In 2005 _Violet_ was released. _Walking with Strangers_ was released in 2007. During the spring and summer of 2009, the band went on tour with bands I Am Ghost and Dommin in North America and Europe.

## Members

- Chibi - Vocals (1999-present)
- Rainbow - Guitar and Programming (1999-present)
- Michael Falcore - Guitar (1999-present)
- Rhim - Drums (2003-Present)
- O-en - Keyboards (2004-present)
- Nate Manor – bass (2010-present)

### Former members

- Dank - Keyboards (2000-2001)
- Aslan - Bass (2000-2007)
- Adm - Keyboards (2002-2004)
- Brett Carruthers (2004)
- O.E. - Drums (2001-2003), Bass (2007-2010)

### Demos

- _Demo 1_ (2000) (as Imagica)
- _Demo 2_ (2001) (as Imagica)

### Albums

- Nothing and Nowhere (2002)
- Violet (2004)
- Walking with Strangers (2007)
- Looking Glass EP (2008)
- Pins and Needles (2010)
- Hide and Seek (2012)

### DVD

- _Blue_ (2005)
- ""Live Bootleg DVD"" (2006)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: The Birthday Massacre
- **img**: The Birthday Massacre 2011.jpeg
- **img capt**: The Birthday Massacre at a photo shoot in 2011
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **years active**: 1999–present
- **genre**: Synth rock, goth rock, industrial rock, darkwave
- **label**: Metropolis Records
 Repo Records
- **url**: [http://www.thebirthdaymassacre.com/ www.thebirthdaymassacre.com]
- **current members**: Chibi (singer)
 Rainbow (guitar)
 Michael Falcore (guitar)
 O.E. (bass)
 O-en (keyboards)
 Rhim (drums)
- **past members**: Dank (2000-2001)
 Adm Shedden, Adm (2002-2004)
 Aslan Osiris (2000-2007)
 O.E. (2001-2010)
Clive Barker

**Clive Barker** (born 5 October 1952) is an English author, movie director and visual artist. He was born in Liverpool. He is openly gay.

## Novels

<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2">
- (1985) _The Damnation Game_
- (1986) _The Hellbound Heart_
- (1987) _Weaveworld_
- (1988) _Cabal_
- (1989) _The Great and Secret Show_ (first "Book of the Art")
- (1991) _Imajica_
- (1992) _The Thief of Always_
- (1994) _Everville_ (second "Book of the Art")
- (1996) _Sacrament_
- (1998) _Galilee_
- (2001) _Coldheart Canyon: A Hollywood Ghost Story_
- (2001) _Tortured Souls (novelette)
- (2002) _Abarat_ (first book of the Abarat Quintet)
- (2004) _Abarat: Days of Magic, Nights of War_ (second book of the Abarat Quintet)
- (2007) _Mister B. Gone_
- (2008) _Absolute Midnight_ (third book of the Abarat Quintet)
- (2008) _The Scarlet Gospels_
</div>

### Directed

<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2">
- (1973) _Salome_
- (1978) _The Forbidden_
- (1987) _Hellraiser_
- (1990) _Nightbreed_
- (1995) _Lord of Illusions_
- (2009) _Tortured Souls: Animae Damnatae_
</div>

### Produced

<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2">
- (1988) _Hellbound: Hellraiser II_
- (1992) _Hellraiser III: Hell on Earth_
- (1992) _Candyman_
- (2006) _The Plague_
- (2008) _The Midnight Meat Train_
- (2008) _Born_ (pre-production)
- (2009) _Clive Barker Presents Hellraiser_ (pre-production)
</div>

### Written

<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2">
- (1986) _Rawhead Rex_
- (1987) _Transmutations_
- (2008) _Book of Blood_ (post-production)
- (2008) _Born'' (pre-production)
</div>
Hellraiser

***Hellraiser*** is a 1987 American horror movie exploring the themes of sadomasochism, pain as a source of pleasure, and morality under duress and fear. It is based on the novella _The Hellbound Heart_ by Clive Barker, who also wrote the screenplay and directed the movie.

_Hellraiser_ was number 19 on the cable channel Bravo's list of the _100 Scariest Movie Moments_.

This movie had a sequel, _Hellbound: Hellraiser II_.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Hellraiser
- **director**: Clive Barker
- **producer**: Christopher Figg
- **writer**: Clive Barker
- **starring**: Doug Bradley
Andrew Robinson
Clare Higgins (actress), Clare Higgins
Sean Chapman
Oliver Smith (actor), Oliver Smith
Ashley Laurence
- **music**: Christopher Young
- **cinematography**: Robin Vidgeon
- **editing**: Richard Marden
 Tony Randel
- **distributor**: New World Pictures
- **released**: September 11, 1987 in movies, 1987
- **runtime**: 94 minutes
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $1,000,000 (estimated)me
- **gross**: £763,412 (UK)
$14,564,027 (USA)
Sesame

**Sesame** (_Sesamum indicum_) is a flowering plant in the genus _Sesamum_. It grows to a height of 5-6feet.
Pedaliaceae

**Pedaliaceae** (**pedalium family** or **sesame family**) is a flowering plant in the _Scrophulariales_ family. Sesame, formally _Sesamum indicum_, is the source of sesame seeds.
Organized crime

**Organized crime** is an act committed by a group or groups of people, usually mobsters, mafias, gangsters, drug cartels, insurgents, terrorists and other criminals, who work to make money or achieve certain motive illegally.

## Related pages

- Corruption
- Illegal drug trade
- Money laundering
The Singles 1992–2003

***The Singles 1992-2003*** is a greatest hits album by the American alternative rock band No Doubt. It was released on November 25, 2003 (the same day as _Boom Box_, a box set album by No Doubt.) The album contained all of the singles the band had released at the time, except for "Squeal" and "Doghouse" (two singles from their album _The Beacon Street Collection_ that never became popular.) However, it also included two songs that were not singles: "Trapped in a Box" from their first album _No Doubt_, and a cover version of the song "It's My Life" by Talk Talk.

## List of songs

1. "Just a Girl"
1. "It's My Life"
1. "Hey Baby"
1. "Bathwater"
1. "Sunday Morning"
1. "Hella Good"
1. "New"
1. "Underneath It All"
1. "Excuse Me Mr."
1. "Running"
1. "Spiderwebs"
1. "Simple Kind of Life"
1. "Don't Speak"
1. "Ex-Girlfriend"
1. "Trapped in a Box"

## Infobox (album)

- **type**: Greatest hits
- **name**: The Singles 1992-2003
- **artist**: No Doubt
- **released**: November 25, 2003
- **recorded**: Various times and places between 1991 and 2003
- **label**: Interscope Records, Interscope
- **genre**: Alternative rock
ska-Punk rock, punk
pop rock
Nathan Kress

**Nathan Karl Kress** also **Nate Kress** (born November 18, 1992) is an American teen actor and voice actor.

### Early life

Nathan Kress was born in Glendale, California and resides in Southern California. He acts on the hit Nickelodeon show _iCarly as Freddie Benson._

### Career

When Kress was young, he would quote lines and monologues from television and perform for his family and friends. He began modeling, acting and voiceover work at 3 years old. At age 6, he took a break from acting, and at about age 10, asked his mom to begin homeschooling him so that he could pursue acting again. He voiced the role of Eizan Kaburagi from Nickelodeon's animated series, Shuriken School. He has also guest starred in The Suite Life of Zack and Cody as Jamie.  Kress has enjoyed playing dramatic roles in _House_, _Standoff_, and _Without a Trace_.

In early 2007, Nathan performed in a short film, _Bag_, for which he won a Jury Honorable Mention Award at the 168 Hour Film Festival for the role of Albert. _Bag_ also won the Festival award for Best Comedy.

### iCarly

On _iCarly_, Nathan's role is that of Freddie Benson, the technical producer for Carly's webshow, iCarly. Freddie is a computer whiz kid who has a crush on Carly (Miranda Cosgrove) and an ongoing feud with Sam (Jennette McCurdy). "It's weird," says Kress, "I have to pretend to love Carly and kiss Sam when actually we are just all really good friends." He co-stars with Miranda Cosgrove, Jennette McCurdy, and Jerry Trainor on iCarly.

## Television and film roles

|Year|Film/Television|Role||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|2005|_Chicken Little_|Additional Voices|
|_House M.D_|Scott|||
|_Shuriken School_|Eizan Kaburagi (voice)|||
|2005 - 2006|_Jimmy Kimmel Live_|Sketch characters||
|rowspan="2"|2006|_Standoff_|Young Matt|
|_Notes from the Underbelly_|Young Andrew|||
|rowspan="3"|2007|_The Suite Life of Zack and Cody_ In the episode "Back in the Game"|Jamie|
|_Magnus, Inc._|Jacob|||
|_Without a Trace_|Young Barry|||
|2007-2012|_iCarly_|Freddie Benson||
|2008|_Gym Teacher: The Movie_|Roland Waffle||

## Other websites

- Nathan Kress Profile
- http://www.nathankressfansite.ning.com/  Fansite

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nathan Kress
- **image**: Nathan Kress 2019 ( gm8Jp 4a5E).jpg
- **caption**: Kress on _Throw Back with Nickelodeon_ in 2019
- **birth name**: Nathan Karl Kress
- **birth place**: Glendale, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, director
- **years active**: 1995–present
- **children**: 3
- **known for**: _iCarly_
Monster truck

A **monster truck** is a vehicle usually styled after a pickup truck. It is changed or purposely built with very big wheels and suspension. Monster trucks are used for competition and popular entertainment.

Usually, a monster truck show involves the truck crushing smaller cars under its huge tires.
Harlem Globetrotters

The **Harlem Globetrotters** are an exhibition basketball team that combines athleticism and comedy. They are a "barnstorming" team, which means they travel around the world playing basketball in many different places.  Sometimes they play college or pro teams, but usually they play a team called the Washington Generals.

They were founded in 1925 in Chicago.  Almost all their players are African-American, which was unusual at the time of their founding (at that time, most professional basketball players were white).  In the 1930s and 1940s, they were one of the best basketball teams in the country, along with the New York Rens, another African-American basketball team.  By the 1950s, a lot of black players started playing in the NBA, and the Globetrobbers became a clown team.

The best-known Globetrotter is Meadowlark Lemon.  Wilt Chamberlain played for the Globetrotters for a while.  They were placed in the Basketball Hall of Fame as a team in 2001.
Burt Ward

**Burt Ward** (born **Bert John Gervis, Jr.**, on July 6, 1945) is an American television actor. He is best known for his work as Robin, the "Boy Wonder," in the 1960s television series _Batman_. In 1992 he wrote a book called “Burt Ward: My life in tights.”

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Burt Ward
- **image**: Burt Ward (2005) Lightened.jpg
- **birthname**: Bert John Gervis, Jr.
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, California, United States, U.S.
- **occupation**: Movie, television actor
- **yearsactive**: 1964-present
- **spouse**: (divorced),
 (divorced),
Mariana Torchia (1985-19??),

- **children**: 2
- **homepage**: [http://www.robintheboywonder.com/ Robintheboywonder.com]
- **known for**: Playing "Robin (comics), Robin" in _Batman (TV series), Batman_
Batman (TV series)

***Batman*** is a 1960s American television series, based on the DC comic book character Batman. It aired on the ABC network for two and a half seasons from 1966 to 1968. Even though it was on TV for such a short time, the series had two new episodes each week, giving the show a total of 120 episodes (the equivalent of roughly five regular seasons).

## Cast

- Adam West - Batman/Bruce Wayne - A caped crusader whose parents were murdered when he was a child.
- Burt Ward - Robin/Dick Grayson - Batman's faithful partner and "boy wonder".
- Alan Napier - Alfred - Batman's loyal butler.
- Neil Hamilton - Commissioner James Worthington Gordon - Gotham City Commissioner of Police.
- Stafford Repp - Chief Miles O'Hara - Gotham City Chief of Police.
- Madge Blake - Aunt Harriet Cooper - Dick Grayson's maternal aunt.
- Yvonne Craig - Batgirl/Barbara Gordon - Commissioner Gordon's daughter and Batman's partner (Season 3).
- Byron Keith - Mayor John Linseed - Mayor of Gotham City (recurring).
- William Dozier - "Desmond Doomsday," the Narrator
The Big Four Supervillains:
- Cesar Romero --- aka Jack "The Joker" Napier
- Burgess Meredith- aka Oswald "The Penguin" Cobblepot
- Frank Gorshin   - aka Edward "The Riddler" Nygma  {also played by John Austin in one episode}
- Julie Newmar   -  aka Shelia "The Catwoman" Caryle {also played by Eartha Kitt and Lee Meriweather}

## Other websites

- Batmania UK :: 1966 Batman
- Museum of Broadcast Communications
- The 1966 Batman TV Tribute Site
- The BatCave Fan Site
- The Bat Pages **_Note:** this website contains the original screentests of Adam West, Burt Ward, and Lyle Waggoner._
- Batman: The Series @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond
- Batman: The Movie @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond
- BATMAN ON FILM
- Television Obscurities - Batgirl Promotional Short

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Batman and Robin 1966.JPG
- **caption**: Left to right: Burt "Robin" Ward; Adam "Batman" West
- **creator**: William Dozier
- **developer**: Lorenzo Semple Jr.
- **narrated**: William Dozier
- **opentheme**: "Batman Theme" by Neal Hefti
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 3
- **num episodes**: 120
- **list episodes**: List of Batman (TV series) episodes
- **executive producer**: William Dozier
- **producer**: Howie Horwitz
- **runtime**: 25 minutes
- **channel**: American Broadcasting Company, ABC
Graduate school

A **graduate school** (or **grad school**) is a school that gives advanced academic degrees, such as Master's degrees (M.S. or M.B.A.) and Doctoral degrees (Ph.D. or L.L.D. or D.D.S. etc.). A graduate student (or grad student) is a student who has earned a Bachelor's degree and is pursuing additional education in a specific field, though this is not always the case. In British English, the term "**postgraduate student**" is more common.

A graduate school is not always a separate school.

The term "graduate school" could be confusing because the verb "graduate" is also used to mean completing high school education or earning a Bachelor's degree. The verb is used for all those types of schools, but the meaning of the adjective "graduate" is changed to mean "postgraduate" in the term "graduate school". The small change in meaning can be viewed with an air of sophistication, where experienced students are often more aware of the issue, while novice students might not be aware, as being more naive.

## Related pages

- Business school
- Law school
- Medical school
SAT Reasoning Test

The **SAT Reasoning Test** (used to be called **Scholastic Aptitude Test** and **Scholastic Assessment Test**) is a test for college admissions in the United States. The SAT is owned, published, and created by the College Board, a non-profit organization in the United States, and was once owned by the Educational Testing Service (ETS). ETS now makes the exam. The SAT is usually taken by high school juniors and seniors.

As of March 5, 2016, the College Board has begun using a new SAT, which has four sections (reading, writing, math without calculator, math with calculator) plus an optional essay.

The reading section comes first. It is 65 minutes long, and has 52 questions. Unlike on the pre-2016 SAT, there are no vocabulary words or sentences to fill in.

The writing section, which is 35 minutes long and has 44 questions, comes next. It is similar to the old writing section.

The math section is split into two parts: one which lets students use calculators, and one which does not. The no-calculator section comes before the calculator section, and has 20 problems to be finished in 25 minutes. The calculator section has 38 problems to be done in 55 minutes.

Finally, the essay is 50 minutes long, but does not have to be taken by every student. The new essay is based on analyzing a passage, instead of answering a question about life experiences.

Scores on the new SAT range from 400 to 1600, as on the pre-2005 SAT.

### Before 2005

On the old SAT made before 2005, the top score was 1600. The two sections were Critical Reading and Mathematics. The scores in each area ranged from 200 to 800, 800 being the best score. The two scores were added together.

### From 2005 to 2016

From 2005 to 2016, the SAT had questions in three areas: Critical Reading, Mathematics, and Writing. Writing included a new essay section. The scores in each area go from 200 to 800, 800 being the best score. The scores in the three areas are added up, for a score between 600 and 2400. The average score is about 1500 in total. Getting near the highest or lowest scores is rare.

The test had ten sections, with the essay always coming first. There is also a section that is not scored. College Board said:

The sections are mostly 25 minutes long, but the later sections start to get shorter, with fewer questions. The whole test lasted 3 hours and 45 minutes.

## Related tests

The PSAT is also fee-based, and is practice for the real SAT.

The NMSQT is the **National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test**. It's a qualifying test for the National Merit Scholarship Program.

The **SAT Subject Tests** were one hour long tests in mathematics, science, history, English, and foreign languages. They were all multiple choice and scores ranged from 200 to 800 points. No subject tests will be held after June 2021.

## Similar articles

- ACT (test), a college entrance exam, competitor to the SAT
- SHSAT, a high school entrance exam in New York

## Other websites

- SAT and SAT Subject Tests
Lucky Luciano

**Charles "Lucky" Luciano** (born **Salvatore Lucania**; November 24, 1897 – January 26, 1962) was a Sicilian-American mobster. Luciano is considered to have been the father of modern organized crime and the mastermind of the postwar expansion of the international heroin trade. He was the first official boss of the modern Genovese crime family.

_Time_ magazine named Luciano among the top 20 most influential builders and titans of the 20th century.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Charles Luciano
- **image**: LuckyLucianoSmaller.jpeg
- **birth place**: Lercara Friddi, Sicily, Italy
- **death place**: Naples, Italy
- **death cause**: Myocardial infarction
- **criminal charges**: Heading prostitution racket
- **criminal penalty**: 30-50 years
- **occupation**: Boss of the Genovese crime family, founder and Chairman of the The Commission (mafia), Commission
ACT (test)

The **ACT** is an achievement test for college admissions in the United States made by ACT, Inc.  It was first given in Fall 1959 by Everett Franklin Lindquist as a competitor to the College Board's Scholastic Aptitude Test, now the SAT Reasoning Test.  Some students who perform poorly on the SAT find that they perform better on the ACT and vice versa.  The ACT test is made of 4 tests: English, Math, Reading, and Science reasoning.  In February 2005, an optional writing test was added to the ACT, like changes to the SAT that took place later in March of the same year.  All four-year colleges and universities in the U.S. accept the ACT.

## Related pages

- Global Assessment Certificate
- SAT, the main competitor to ACT's examination

## Other websites

- ACT, Inc.
- Website for test takers
- ACT Club
- ACT Education Solutions
- ACT International Services
Pakistan Declaration

The **Pakistan Declaration** (titled **Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?**) was a pamphlet published in January 1933 by Choudhary Rahmat Ali in which the word Pakistan was used for the first time.

The pamphlet was written when Pakistan was part of British India. The pamphlet asked that "the five Northern units of India"  - **P**unjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (**A**fghan Province), **K**ashmir, **S**indh and Baluchis**tan** (or Pakstan) become an independent state and not part of India.

After the pamphlet was published the name of Pakistan became very popular and led to the Pakistan Movement. Fourteen years after the pamphlet was published, in 1947, Pakistan became an independent state.
Pamphlet

A **pamphlet** is a small book without a hard cover or binding. It can be made up of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths (called a **leaflet**).

It can also be made up of a few pages that are folded in half and stapled at the crease to make a simple book. In order to count as a pamphlet, UNESCO requires the pamphlet to have 'at least 5 but not more than 48 pages' not including the cover page; a longer item is a book.

Pamphlets can contain anything, such as user instructions information for kitchen appliances, or religious and political ideas. Pamphlets have been important in history, publishing a lot of pamphlets can help spread ideas, for instance during revolutions pamphlets were used to influence people. Pamphlets are also important in advertising as they are cheap to produce and can be distributed easily to customers.
Pattaya

**Pattaya** (, ) is a city in Thailand. It is on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, about 165 km southeast of Bangkok.

## Tourism

In 2016, 65% of the tourists (coming to the city) were foreigners. Of foreigners there were most Chinese, followed by Russians, and then by Koreans, and then by Indians, and then by Germans.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Pattaya
- **official name**: Pattaya City เมืองพัทยา
- **native name**: พัทยา
- **settlement type**: Special Governed City
- **image skyline**: Montage Pattaya.jpg
- **imagesize**: 260px
- **image caption**: From left: Nong Nooch Tropical Botanical Garden, Nong Nooch Garden, Pattaya sunset, Pattaya Beach, The Sanctuary of Truth, Walking Street
- **image seal**: Pattaya_seal.png
- **pushpin map**: Thailand
- **pushpin mapsize**: 285
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Pattaya on the Gulf of Thailand
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Thailand
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision name1**: Chonburi Province, Chonburi
- **subdivision type2**: Mueang
- **subdivision name2**: Mueang Pattaya
- **government type**: Self-administrating municipality
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Pol.Maj.Gen. Anan Charoenchasri
- **area total km2**: 22.2
- **population total**: 107,406
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population note**: Registered residents only
- **timezone**: UTC+07:00, ICT
- **utc offset**: +7
- **postal code**: 20150
- **blank name**: ISO 3166-2:TH, ISO 3166-2
- **blank info**: TH-S
- **website**: [http://www.pattaya.go.th/ www.pattaya.go.th]
Vernon Chatman

**Vernon Chatman** (born October 31, 1972) is an Emmy Award winning American television producer, writer, voice actor, comedian and musician. He is best known as the voice of "Towelie" on the cartoon series _South Park_.

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Vernon Chatman
- **imagesize**: 225px
- **caption**: Vernon in 2009
- **pseudonym**: Towelie, Clarence
- **birth name**: Vernon Chatman
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, United States, U.S.
- **medium**: Stand-up comedy, Stand-up, Television, Movies, Music
- **spouse**: Unknown
- **nationality**: American <small>(Multiracial American, Multiracial-American)</small>
- **active**: 1996–present
- **genre**: Satire, Political satire, Observational comedy, Black comedy, Cringe comedy, Alternative comedy, Surreal humor, Absurdist humor
- **subject**: Everyday life, Self-deprecation, Politics, Race relations, Spirituality, Pessimism, Human sexuality, Sexuality, Post-modernism
- **influences**: Trey Parker, Matt Stone, Richard Pryor, Louis C.K.
- **influenced**: P.F.F.R fans, Adult Swim fans
- **notable work**: _Wonder Showzen_, _Xavier: Renegade Angel_, _Delocated_, _The Heart, She Holler_, _Doggy Fizzle Televizzle_
Yasothon

**Yasothon** is a town in the Isan region of Thailand. It is far from Bangkok about 500 km. In the village people grow rice and houseplants. The weather is very hot in the summer (more than other provinces) and the famous festival is Bang Fai Rocket Festival. This festival is really beautiful, every year the visitor from all over the country come to visit this festival. The festival features large home-made rockets, fireworks displays, parades and beauty contests. Normally people have created the rockets for launched in to the sky; they believe that the god will send the planting season.

From Yasothon city of nearby province are Mukdahan, Nakhonpanom, Rio Et, Sisakat and Ubom Ratchathani.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Yasothon
- **native name**: ยโสธร
- **nickname**: Mueang Yot Nakorn (Proud Capital City)
- **image skyline**: Yasothon Municipal Hall.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Yasothon Municipal Hall
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Thailand
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Thailand
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Thailand, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Yasothon Province
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Thailand
- **subdivision name2**: Amphoe Mueang Yasothon
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1811
- **established title2**: Incorporated (town)
- **established date2**: 1814
- **established title3**: Incorporated (city) 1972
- **established date3**: 1972
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population as of**: 2005
- **population total**: 21,134
- **population blank1 title**: Ethnicities
- **population blank2 title**: Religions
- **postal code type**: Postal Code
- **postal code**: 35000
- **blank name**: Thai_highway_network#Northeastern_Thailand, Thai highway
- **blank info**:   [2169]
Thai food

**Thai food** is a type of food that was first made in Thailand. Thai food is often spicy, but does not have to be. Thai food is shared with every person at the table. The meal is not thrown away. The Thai believe that throwing food away would anger the "god of rice". Thai food is eaten with a fork and a large spoon.

## Dishes

- Thai green curry
- Pad Thai
- Thai chicken and sweet potato soup
Volkswagen Golf

The **Volkswagen Golf** is a small-family car. It has been made from 1974 to the present day by Volkswagen. It has been made in eight generations.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Volkswagen Golf
- **image**: Silver VW Scirocco I.jpg
- **caption**: Volkswagen Golf Mk9
- **manufacturer**: Volkswagen
- **production**: 1974–present
- **class**: Compact car/small family car (C-segment, C)
- **predecessor**: Volkswagen Beetle (first generation only, until Volkswagen New Beetle, 1998)
- **successor**: Volkswagen ID.3 (for e-Golf)
Capparis decidua

***Capparis decidua*** is commonly known as karir, kair, kirir, karril, Teent  etc. It is either a small tree with many branches or a shrub of the Thar desert and other hot and dry regions in southern Asia. It has a lot of thin, leafless branches, the small  leaves being found only on young shoots. It rarely grows above a height of 5 meters (15 feet).
These unripe fruits were used as a major dietary food item by the majority of people due to its exceptional nutritional and medicinal
properties.

The berries can be eaten and mixed with sangri (beans from the tree Prosopis cineraria) form a vegetable dish called "Kair sangri" in Rajasthan, India, which is a delicacy to many.khair is also used for preparing pickle and can be stored for long time .
They are highly tolerant to salinity of soil (8 mmhos) .
These plants grow in extremely scarce condition of water ( xerophytes )   like ber .
Capparis decidua, commonly known as karira, is a resilient and versatile plant species that thrives in harsh, arid environments. This hardy shrub or small tree, often found in the Indian subcontinent, Africa, and Saudi Arabia, has adapted to survive in regions with limited water availability. Its intricate network of slender, green branches, adorned with tiny, ephemeral leaves, creates a distinctive silhouette against the backdrop of barren landscapes. Despite its seemingly delicate appearance, C. decidua possesses remarkable drought tolerance and can withstand extreme heat and cold. Its deep root system enables it to access water from significant depths, while its ability to shed leaves during dry periods minimizes water loss. Beyond its ecological significance, C. decidua holds cultural and medicinal value in many regions. Various parts of the plant, including the roots, bark, leaves, flowers, and fruits, have been traditionally used in herbal remedies to treat a range of ailments, from digestive disorders to skin infections. The plant's culinary applications are equally diverse, with its young shoots and flower buds being prized ingredients in various cuisines. Whether as a source of food, medicine, or ecological restoration, Capparis decidua continues to play a vital role in the lives of communities inhabiting arid regions.
Pilgrims

- _A pilgrimage is a journey or travel, that is often done for a religious purpose_

The **Pilgrims** is the name for the early settlers of the Plymouth Colony, which is now Plymouth, Massachusetts. In 1620 they traveled to New England on a ship called the _Mayflower_.

There were 102 passenger<nowiki/>s on the ship. (One child was born on the _Mayflower_.) They were English Puritan<nowiki/>s who had left England years earlier to live in Leiden because of religious differences with the Church of England.

## Separatist beliefs

Unlike other Puritans who wanted to reform the Church of England, the Pilgrims wanted to separate from it, so they were called _Separatists_. The original settlers of Plymouth Colony are known as the **Pilgrim Fathers**, or simply as the Pilgrims.

The Mayflower was a cargo ship and was not meant for passengers.  It was uncomfortable and small.  Many Pilgrims got sick on the journey or soon after they arrived.

When they arrived in America, they built homes and farms.  They received help from the Wampanoag people.  The Wampanoag people taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn, hunt, and fish in the new land. They had a big feast for 3 days, which was the first Thanksgiving.

Foods commonly eaten by the Pilgrims included bread, grains, corn, venison, turkey, mussels, lobster, eel, and clams.
G major

**G major** (or the **key of G**) is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Its key signature has one sharp, F.

Its relative minor is E minor, and its parallel minor is G minor.

## In popular culture

G major is the most common key for music to be in on the Spotify music streaming service. The key can easily be played on either a piano or a guitar, hence why it appears often in music.

## Infobox (scale)

- **scale name**: G major
- **image name**: G Major key signature.png
- **relative**: E minor
- **parallel**: G minor
- **first pitch**: G
- **second pitch**: A
- **third pitch**: B
- **fourth pitch**: C
- **fifth pitch**: D
- **sixth pitch**: E
- **seventh pitch**: F<sup>#</sup>
Classic female blues

**Classic female blues** music was played from 1920 to 1929. The most popular of female blues singers were Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, Mamie Smith, Ethel Waters and Rosa Henderson.
Delta blues

The **Delta blues** is one of the earliest types of blues music. It started in the Mississippi Delta (a place in the US that goes from Memphis to Mississippi). Guitar and harmonica are usually used to play it.

## Beginning

Delta blues music was first played in the 1920s. Tommy Johnson and Ishman Bracey were recorded by Victor in 1928. Robert Wilkins was first recorded by Victor in Memphis in 1928, and  Big Joe Williams and Garfield Akers were also recorded in Memphis in 1929 by Brunswick/Vocalion.

## List of artists

- Ishman Bracey
- Willie Brown
- R. L. Burnside
- Sam Chatmon
- Bob Cobb
- James Cotton
- Arthur Crudup
- CeDell Davis
- David Honeyboy Edwards
- Earl Hooker
- John Lee Hooker
- Son House
- Mississippi John Hurt
- Skip James
- Robert Johnson
- Tommy Johnson
- Blind Willie Johnson
- Junior Kimbrough

- Robert Lockwood, Jr.
- Robert Lowery
- Tommy McClennan
- Mississippi Fred McDowell
- Blind Willie McTell
- Charley Patton
- Paul Pena
- Pinetop Perkins
- Snooky Pryor
- Jimmie Rodgers
- Charles David Sharp
- Johnny Shines
- Sunnyland Slim
- Henry Sloan
- Willie "Big Eyes" Smith
- Hound Dog Taylor
- Chaz Van Gogh
- Muddy Waters
- Bukka White
- Big Joe Williams
- Howlin' Wolf

## Other websites

- Trail of the Hellhound - Delta Blues in the lower Mississippi Valley
- The Mississippi Delta Blues Society of Indianola

## Infobox (music genre)

- **bgcolor**: #0000E1
- **color**: white
- **name**: Delta Blues
- **stylistic origins**: Blues
- **instruments**: Guitar, Harmonica
- **derivatives**: Chicago blues, Detroit blues
Chuck (album)

***Chuck*** is the third album by Sum 41.  It was released on October 12, 2004.

## Charts

**Album**
|scope="col"|Chart (2004)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Australian Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|13||
|Canadian Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|2||
|French Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|9||
|Swiss Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|14||
|UK Album Charts|style="text-align:center;"|59||
|US Billboard 200|style="text-align:center;"|10||

**Singles**
|Year|Single|Chart|Position||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="7"|2004|rowspan="3"|"We're All to Blame"|Canadian Hot 100|style="text-align:center;"|8|
|U.S. Hot Modern Rock Tracks|style="text-align:center;"|10|||||
|U.S. Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks|style="text-align:center;"|36|||||
|rowspan="4"|"Pieces"|Canadian Hot 100|style="text-align:center;"|2|||
|German Singles Chart|style="text-align:center;"|84|||||
|U.S. Hot Modern Rock Tracks|style="text-align:center;"|14|||||
|U.S. Billboard Hot 100|style="text-align:center;"|107|||||
||2005||Some Say|Canadian Hot 100|style="text-align:center;"|10|

### Certifications

|Country|Certification|Sales|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Canada|2x Platinum|200,000 Units+|
|Japan|Gold|100,000 Units+|
|United States|Gold|500,000 Units+|

## Chuck Acoustic EP (Tour Edition Promo)

***Chuck Acoustic EP (Tour Edition Promo)*** is an acoustic EP released by Sum 41 in 2005 in Japan only.

### Track listing

1. "Pieces" (Acoustic) – 3:16
1. "No Brains" (Acoustic) – 3:03
1. "Over My Head (Better Off Dead)" (Acoustic) – 2:56
1. "Some Say" (Acoustic) – 3:42
1. "There's No Solution" (Acoustic) – 3:26

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Chuck
- **type**: Album
- **artist**: Sum 41
- **released**: September 29, 2004
<small>(in Japan)</small>
- **recorded**: Spring – Summer 2004 at Sound City, Vans Nuys, CA; Ocean Studios, Burbank, CA; Reaction Studios, Toronto, ON; Umbrella Sound Studios, Toronto, ON; Soundtrack Studios, New York, NY; Sidecar Studio, North Hollywood, CA
- **genre**: Melodic hardcore, alternative metal, alternative rock, punk rock
- **length**: 37:59
- **label**: Aquarius Records (Canada), Aquarius (Canada)
Island Records, Island/Mercury Records, Mercury (US)
- **producer**: Greig Nori
- **prev title**: Does This Look Infected?
- **prev year**: 2002
- **next title**: Underclass Hero
- **next year**: 2007


## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Chuck Acoustic EP (Tour Edition Promo)
- **type**: EP
- **artist**: Sum 41
- **released**: February 22, 2005
- **recorded**: 2004-2005
- **genre**: Acoustic rock, alternative rock
- **label**: Universal Records
- **producer**: Greig Nori, Deryck Whibley
- **prev title**: Chuck
- **prev year**: 2004
- **next title**: Go Chuck Yourself
(2005)
Sexual dimorphism

**Sexual dimorphism** is an idea in biology. It means that the male and the female of a species look different enough to see. The word comes from the Greek: _di_ (two) and _morphe_ (form).

It is the most common type of polymorphism. It may be caused by  sexual selection, that is, competition between members of the same species for partners to reproduce. Sexual dimorphism is inherited, which means the differences between males and females help the animal stay alive in some way.

The things that make the two sexes of a species different are called secondary sex characteristics. They are not directly part of the reproductive system. They are the product of sexual selection for traits which give an animal an advantage. By "advantage" is meant:  more likely to stay alive and reproduce. In humans, beards are a secondary sex characteristic.  Human beings do not use beards to make babies.  A man can even shave off his beard and he will still be able to have children.  But men grow beards and women do not, and they are easy to see.

The difference between sexes can include:
- Size: Males in some species have harems ('ownership' of a group of females). In this case the males are usually larger than the females, e.g. gorillas, lions.  In other species, the female is larger, usually because she makes the eggs.  E.g. some vultures and frogs.
    - Sexual dimorphism is extreme in rotifers, with the males (if present) always much smaller than the females. Even more extreme are the sea devils, whose tiny males physically fuse with the females to form a chimaera.
- Sometimes, one sex has additional features (used in courtship): antlers of deer, breasts of women,..
    - Hair (males often have more hair, e.g. the Gorilla)
    - Teeth: Asian elephants: only the males have tusks. African elephant: both sexes have tusks. pigs and walrusses: the males have very pronounced canines
    - Horns or antlers are often carried only by males.
- Colouring: sexual dimorphism in butterflies is common. Batesian mimicry is often seen only on females, while the males have the typical colours of their type. This is the usual explanation: females, often carrying the precious eggs, get the most benefit from looking like something that predators do not want to eat or by being hard to see at all. Males, which need to be recognised by females before mating takes place, need to be easy to see and recognise.

The main functions of sexual dimorphism are to improve the individual's chance of mating in various ways:
1. Mate selection. In this case, usually the males display, and the females select.
1. Territory defence. Males may signal to other males that they 'own' an area.
1. Fighting. If males carry weapons, they may use them to fight for mates. Weapons and size are multi-functional: they are used for defence against predators as well as against other males of their species.

Some animals show these differences only during mating season. Deer shed their antlers and peacocks shed their tails out of season. This minimises the key disadvantage of sexual dimorphism, which is, it makes the male much easier to be seen by predators.
Jonathan Swift

**Jonathan Swift** (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for Whigs then for the Tories), poet and cleric. He became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin.

He is remembered for books and poems he wrote like: _Gulliver's Travels_, _A Modest Proposal_, _A Journal to Stella_, _Drapier's Letters_, _The Battle of the Books_, _An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity_, and _A Tale of a Tub_. Swift is probably the most well known prose satirist in the English language. He is less well known for his poetry.

Swift originally published all of his work under pseudonyms — such as Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M.B. Drapier — or anonymously. He is known for being a master of two styles of satire; the Horatian and Juvenalian styles.

## Works

Swift was famous for his satires. The most recent collection of his prose works (Herbert Davis, ed. Basil Blackwell, 1965-) comprises fourteen volumes. A recent edition of his complete poetry (Pat Rodges, ed. Penguin, 1983) is 953 pages long. One edition of his correspondence (David Woolley, ed. P. Lang, 1999) fills three volumes.

## Legacy

John Ruskin named him as one of the three people in history who were the most influential for him.

## Other websites

- e-texts of Swift's works
    - at The Online Books Page
    - at Gulliver's Travels

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Jonathan Swift
- **image**: Jonathan Swift by Charles Jervas detail.jpg
- **imagesize**: 152px
- **birth place**: Dublin, Ireland<sup>1</sup>
- **death date**: 19 October 1745 (aged 77)
- **death place**: Ireland
- **occupation**: satire, satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer, poet, priest
Cato the Elder

**Marcus Porcius Cato** (Latin: <small>M·PORCIVS·M·F·CATO</small>) (234 BC, Tusculum–149 BC) was a Roman statesman, surnamed **the Censor** (_Censorius_), _Sapiens, Priscus_, or **the Elder** (_Major_), to distinguish him from Cato the Younger (his great-grandson).

He came of an ancient Plebeian family who all were noted for some military service but not for the discharge of the higher civil offices. He was bred, after the manner of his Latin forefathers, to agriculture, to which he devoted himself when not engaged in military service. But, having attracted the notice of Lucius Valerius Flaccus, he was brought to Rome, and successively held the offices of Cursus Honorum: Tribune (214 BC), Quaestor (204 BC), Aedile (199 BC), Praetor (198 BC), Consul (195 BC) together with his old patron, and finally Censor (184 BC).

Late in life, he encouraged the Romans to start the Third Punic War to destroy Carthage.
Magellan goose

The **Magellan goose** (_Chloephaga picta picta_) or **upland goose** is a bird of _Anatidae_ family. It is most commonly found in the southern part of South America, Tierra del Fuego. The Upland goose is a subspecies of _Chloephaga picta leucoptera_. The Upland Goose is one of the most conspicuous birds in the Falklands. The subspecies _Chloephaga picta leucoptera_ is only found in the Falklands. It is slightly larger than the South American subspecies.

## Other websites

- Stamp of Falklands
- facts sheet
The Rocker (movie)

***The Rocker*** is a comedy movie. It was released on August 20, 2008. The movie stars Rainn Wilson, Josh Gad, Christina Applegate, Teddy Geiger, Will Arnett, Emma Stone, and Bradley Cooper.  It was written by Maya Forbes & Wallace Wolodarsky. Wolodarsky is best known for his work on writing for _The Simpsons_.

## Opinions of the movie

Based on 92 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, _The Rocker_ had an overall approval rating of 40 percent, with a weighted average score of 5.2/10.  _Entertainment Weekly_ gave it a **C-**, saying "the movie ... shamelessly ... rips off _School of Rock_, recycling its flaky-educator loser-of-the-gods premise, only this time in high school"

## Box office

_The Rocker_ was released on August 20, 2008 in the United States. It did not make as much money at the box office as it was expected to make. It opening at #12 with $2.64 million for its first weekend. The movie earned less than $7 million overall during its entire theatrical run. One of the stars of the movie, Emma Stone, had another movie (_The House Bunny_) open the same weekend. It earned much more than _The Rocker_, opening at #2.

## Cast

- Rainn Wilson as Robert “Fish” Fishman, drummer
- Christina Applegate as Kim
- Josh Gad as Matt Gadman, keyboardist
- Teddy Geiger as Curtis Wood, lead vocalist and guitarist
- Emma Stone as Amelia, bassist
- Will Arnett as Lex

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Rocker
- **director**: Peter Cattaneo
- **producer**: Fox Atomic
- **writer**: Maya Forbes & Wallace Wolodarsky
Story by Ryan Jaffe
- **starring**: Rainn Wilson
Christina Applegate
Teddy Geiger
Josh Gad
Will Arnett
Emma Stone
- **music**: Tony Carrasco
- **cinematography**: Anthony B. Richmond
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **released**: August 20, 2008
- **runtime**: 102 Minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $15 million
- **gross**: $8.8 million (as of September 10, 2008)
Fierce Creatures

***Fierce Creatures*** is a 1997 British comedy movie. The movie was written by John Cleese and directed by Fred Schepisi and Robert Young.

The story is based around a British zoo. It has recently been bought by New Zealand businessman Rod McCain (played by Kevin Kline) and put under the management of Rollo Lee (Cleese). In order to gain more money, Lee decides to use a "fierce creatures" policy. This means that only animals which could kill people would be kept in the zoo.

The movie was a Spiritual sequel to _A Fish Called Wanda_ and used the same main cast.

## Cast

- John Cleese as Rollo Lee
- Jamie Lee Curtis as Willa Weston
- Kevin Kline as Vince McCain/Rod McCain
- Michael Palin as Adrian 'Bugsy' Malone
- Robert Lindsay as Sydney Lotterby
- Ronnie Corbett as Reggie Sea Lions
- Carey Lowell as Cub Felines
- Bille Brown as Neville
- Derek Griffiths as Garry Ungulates
- Cynthia Cleese as Pip Small Mammals
- Richard Ridings as Hugh Primates
- Maria Aitken as Di Harding

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Fierce Creatures
- **director**: Fred Schepisi
Robert Young (director), Robert Young
- **producer**: John Cleese
Michael Shamberg
- **writer**: John Cleese
- **starring**: John Cleese
Jamie Lee Curtis
Kevin Kline
Michael Palin
Robert Lindsay (actor), Robert Lindsay
Ronnie Corbett
Derek Griffiths
Maria Aitken
- **music**: Jerry Goldsmith
- **cinematography**: Adrian Biddle
- **distributor**: Universal Pictures
- **released**: United States, US - January 24 1997
United Kingdom, UK - 14 February 1997
- **runtime**: 93 min.
- **language**: English
The Bucket List

***The Bucket List*** is a 2007 American comedy-drama movie. It was written by Justin Zackham and directed by Rob Reiner. The movie stars Jack Nicholson, Morgan Freeman, Sean Hayes, Beverly Todd, and Rob Morrow. The story follows two men who have terminal cancer (Nicholson and Freeman) on a road trip with a wish list of things to do before they "kick the bucket".

## The "Bucket List"

1. Witness something truly majestic
1. Help a complete stranger for a common good
1. Laugh till I cry
1. Drive a Shelby Mustang
1. Kiss the most beautiful girl in the world
1. Get a tattoo
1. Skydiving
1. Visit Stonehenge
1. Spend a week at Louvre
1. See Rome
1. See the pyramids
1. Get back in touch (previously "Hunt the big cat")

## Other websites

- Official site
- The Bucket List at Yahoo! Movies

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Bucket List
- **director**: Rob Reiner
- **producer**: Craig Zadan
Neil Meron
Travis Knox
Justin Zackham
- **writer**: Justin Zackham
- **starring**: Jack Nicholson
Morgan Freeman
Sean Hayes (actor), Sean Hayes
Beverly Todd
Rob Morrow
- **cinematography**: John Schwartzman
- **distributor**: Warner Bros.
- **released**: December 25, 2007 (limited)
January 11, 2008 (wide)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: United States dollar, $45 million
- **gross**: $174,310,293
Shōjo

**Shōjo** (少女) is a Japanese word meaning "girl". The characters, or kanji, mean "little" and "woman". The word is mainly used to describe a demographic for anime and manga- girls 7-19.

## Origin

Like many Japanese words, the characters of the word shōjo come from Chinese. The first known use of the word comes from a Chinese book called _The Book of the Later Han_. In Chapter 86, young girls are mentioned:> 盤瓠種，昔帝嚳時患犬戎入寇, 乃訪募天下，有能得犬戎之將吳將軍頭者，購黃金千鎰，邑萬家，又妻以**少女**
> Translation: The myth of Yao: the country is being invaded by barbarians, the king is looking for warriors who are able to take the head of the general of the invading army, and for this the king will award a thousand Yi of gold, many houses, and **young girl**(s) as their wife/wives.The word was brought to Japan in the 7th century, when they began using a Chinese-style legal system. During this time, shōjo meant girls from 17 to 20.

## Modern Use

Nowadays, the word shōjo is legally used to mean any woman or girl under 20. This is like how shounen is used to mean men or boys under 20.

Outside of legal use, the word shōjo is used to refer to things for girls or about girls, like shōjo manga, shōjo anime, and shōjo fashion.

## Related pages

- Shounen (media)