juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Flag of El Salvador

The **flag of El Salvador** was created in 1912. It has two horizontal blue bands at the top and bottom and a white band in the middle with the Coat of arms of El Salvador in the center.

## Infobox (flag)

- **name**: Republic of El Salvador
- **image**: Flag of El Salvador.svg
- **alt**: Horizontal triband of blue-white-blue with the national coat of arms in the center of the white stripe
- **nickname**: ("Great Flag")
- **use**: 011111
- **proportion**: 189:335
- **design**: Horizontal triband of blue-white-blue with the Coat of arms of El Salvador, national coat of arms in the center of the white stripe
- **image2**: Civil Ensign of El Salvador.svg
- **alt2**: Horizontal triband of blue-white-blue with the text "DIOS UNION LIBERTAD" in the center of the white stripe
- **morenicks2**: Flag for use in public buildings and offices
Parade flag
- **use2**: 100000
- **proportion2**: 3:5 (public buildings and offices)
18:29 (parade)
- **design2**: Horizontal triband of blue-white-blue with the text "DIOS UNION LIBERTAD" in the center of the white stripe
Flag of Dominica

The **flag of Dominica** was created in 1978, with some small changes having been made in 1981, 1988, and 1990. The original flag was designed by playwright Alwin Bully in early 1978 as the country prepared for independence.

## Appearance

It has a green field with the centered cross of three bands: the vertical part is: yellow, black and white and the horizontal part is: yellow, black and white and the red disk superimposed at the center of the cross bearing a purple sisserou parrot facing the hoist-side encircled by ten green five-pointed stars.
Flag of Grenada

The national **flag of Grenada** was created in 1974.

## Appearance

It has a large rectangle with the large red border around it with six gold five-pointed stars with three centered on the top border and three centered on the bottom border divided into four triangles of gold (top and bottom) and green (hoist-side and fly-side) with the red disk superimposed at the centre bearing the gold five-pointed star and the nutmeg pod on the hoist-side of the triangle.
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis

The **flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis** was created in 1983.

## Appearance

It has a yellow-fimbriated black diagonal band bearing two white five-pointed stars divided diagonally from the lower hoist-side corner to the upper fly-side corner: the upper triangle is green and the lower triangle is red.
Flag of South Korea

The **flag of the South Korea**, also known as the **Taegukgi** (also spelled as _Taegeukgi_, literally "supreme ultimate flag"), has three parts: a white rectangular background, a red and blue Taeguk, symbolizing balance, in its center, and four black trigrams selected from the original eight, one toward each corner. The flag ratio is 2:3.

## Symbolism

The white background stands for purity, peace and justice. The red and blue Taeguk symbolizes absoluteness, the universe, space and its parts. The red part of Taeguk yang (which signifies bright, hot, light and positive) and blue yin (which signifies dark, cold and negative). These represent the eternal philosophical categories, goodness and evilness, sun and moon, light and darkness, day and night, masculine and feminine element, move and immobility, activity and passivity, life and death.

## History

In 1882 the flag of Korea was adopted by Korean empire with non specified trigrams. In 1882 the original design of Korean flag was designed by "Bak Yeong hyo"

### 1910 to 1945

During this period Korea was annexed by Japan. Which made for Japan to take over their culture and also flag during this period, and after the world 2 Korea took control of their flag again which meant on 1945 or world war 2 they have won the battle after 1945.

## Trigrams meaning

|Trigam|Meaning|
| --- | --- |
||Heaven, east, spring, air, justice|
||Moon, north, winter, water, life|
||Sun, west, autumn, fire, wisdom|
||Earth, south, summer, soil, fertility|
With 4 Trigrams together it represent principle of movement and harmony.

## Related pages

- Aegukga, the National anthem of South Korea

## Infobox (flag)

- **name**: Flag of South Korea
- **image**: Flag of South Korea.svg
- **proportion**: 2:3
- **design**: white rectangular background, a red and blue Taeguk and four black trigrams
- **nickname**: Taegukgi / Taeheukgi
- **morenicks**: (korean:태극기)Hanja: 太極旗
Flag of North Korea

The **flag of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea**, also known as the **Ramhongsaek Konghwagukgi** (literally "red-colored flag of the republic"), has a central red panel, bordered both above and below by a narrow white stripe and a broad blue stripe. The central red panel has a five-pointed red star in a white circle near the left side.

## Meaning

According to the CIA World Factbook:

- The red band stands for the country's revolutionary traditions
- The red star represents socialism
- The white symbolizes purity, strength, and dignity
- The blue stands for sovereignty, peace, and friendship
Mayar Badhon (TV series)

***Mayar Badhon*** is a Bengali television soap opera that premiered on 29 May 2017 and airs on STAR Jalsha. It is produced by Surinder Films and stars Jasmin Roy and Debottam Majumdar in lead roles and Nandini Chatterjee as the main antagonist. The show went off air on 17 June 2018 and it  got replaced by Ardhangini

## Cast

- Jasmin Roy As Gunja
- Debottam Majumdar as Riddhi
- Riya Banik as Ranja
- Nandini Chatterjee as Basundhara/Main Antagonist
- Shaurya Bhattacharya / John Bhattacharya as Aryan
- Uponita Banerjee as Tania
- Phalguni Chatterjee as Jethu
- Bhaswar Chatterjee as Kamal

## References

- http://www.newstechcafe.com/2017/05/mayar-badhon-serial-on-star-jalsha-tv.html

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Drama
 Comedy
 Romantic comedy film, Romance
- **creator**: Surinder Films
- **writer**: Sayantani Bhattacharya
 Rupa Banerjee
 Priyanka Seth
- **director**: Rajat Paul
 Subhasish Mondal
- **starring**: Jasmin Roy
 Debottam Majumdar
- **opentheme**: _Mayar Badhon_ by Trisha Parui
- **composer**: Debjit Roy
- **country**: India
- **language**: Bengali language, Bengali
- **producer**: Surinder Singh
 Nispal Singh
- **location**: Kolkata
- **cinematography**: Paritosh Singh
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: Surinder Films
- **channel**: STAR Jalsha
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 276
- **related**: Jiji Maa
Anchiceratops

***Anchiceratops*** was a kind of plant-eating dinosaur. It had a long frill on the back of its head and three horns on its face. There were two long ones above its eyes and one shorter one on its nose. It was similar to _Triceratops_, which also had these features. _Anchiceratops_ was found in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, which is a fossil site in Alberta. There is just one species of _Anchiceratops_, _A. ornatus_.

## History of Finds

Barnum Brown found the first _Anchiceratops_ skulls in 1912. He gave them their name, _Anchiceratops ornatus_, in 1914, two years later. _Anchiceratops_ means "almost _Ceratops_" and _ornatus_ means "ornate". In 1924, C. M. Sternberg discovered another skull. It was smaller and had a long beak. In 1929, he named this species _A. longirostris_, meaning "long snout." However, in 1990, Leham decided that _A. longirostris_ was only the female of _A. ornatus_. Another study done by Dodson and Currie in the same year agreed with this idea. In 1925, Sternberg found a headless skeleton that he thought belonged to _Anchiceratops_. However, it could belong to _Arrhinoceratops_ or a new genus. Other skulls have been found but they have never been described.

## Description

_Anchiceratops_ could be 4.5 meters (15 feet) long and 1.5 tonnes (1.65 tons) in weight. If the unnamed skeleton belonged to _Anchiceratops_, then it would only be 4.3 meters (14 feet) and weigh just 1.2 tonnes (1.32 tons).

_Anchiceratops_ had a short nose horn that went forwards. The horns above its eyes (brow horns) were long and went a bit to the side. They were slightly curved. The frill was narrow and had many small hornlets on its outside edge. It did not angle upwards very far. The snout on some specimens is very long.

The skeleton that may belong to this dinosaur was strange. It was smaller than in most other ceratopsids. It had a long neck and strong arms, but it had a short tail with only 38 vertebrae instead of 45. The length of its thighbone was 74 centimeters and its shin was 51.5 centimeters long.

## Classification

_Anchiceratops_ was classified like this by Scott Sampson in 2010. This family tree shows many related ceratopsids.

## Paleoecology

_Anchiceratops_ lived in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation. _Arrhinoceratops_ and one other ceratopsid may also have lived there. When _Anchiceratops_ was alive the Horseshoe Canyon Formation was a floodplain with forests. _Anchiceratops_ seems to have liked marshy places, unlike  other ceratopsids that liked drier locations.
John Jacob Lavranos

**John Jacob Lavranos** (29 March 1926 – 1 February 2018) was a South African-Portuguese insurance broker and botanist. He had a special interest in succulents. He was born in Corfu, Greek Island. He settled in Loulé, Portugal a small town near Faro in southern Portugal in 1995 and donated most of his plants to the Gibraltar Botanic Gardens.

Lavranos died in Loulé from a stroke on 1 February 2018 at the age of 91.
Gelterkinden

**Gelterkinden** is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Gelterkinden
- **municipality name**: Gelterkinden
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Gelterkinden COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Gelterkinden.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Basel-Landschaft
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BL
- **district**: Sissach (district), Sissach
- **postal code**: 4460
- **municipality code**: 2846
- **area**: 9.79
- **elevation**: 404
- **website**: www.gelterkinden.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Böckten, Diepflingen, Ormalingen, Rickenbach, Basel-Landschaft, Rickenbach, Rümlingen, Rünenberg, Tecknau, Thürnen, Wittinsburg
Müstair

**Müstair** was a municipality in Inn in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. On 1 January 2009 the municipalities Müstair, Fuldera, Lü, Santa Maria Val Müstair, Tschierv and Valchava joined together to become the new municipality Val Müstair.

The easternmost point of Switzerland, at Piz Chavalatsch, is in the municipality.

The main tourist attraction in the area is the Benedictine Convent of Saint John.
Milan Křížek

**Milan Křížek** (; 9 March 1926, Lišov – 15 February 2018, České Budějovice) was a Czech composer, music teacher and viola player. During 1990-2001, Křížek taught the theory of music and composition at the Conservatoire in České Budějovice.

Until 1992 he was also employed as violist in the Opera Orchestra of the South Bohemian Theatre, in the South Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and in several other chamber ensembles.

His works include  _Concerto grosso for violin, viola and orchestra_ (1989), _Concerto for 14 string instruments, Sonata for viola solo_ (1996), _Sonatina danzante for flute and clarinet_ (2000), _Seven sequences for clarinet and percussions_ (2002), _Capriccia for soprano, flute, viola and percussion on verses of Konstantin Biebl_ (2005), _Concerto for violin and orchestra_ (2010), _Largo desolato for violin, viola and violoncello_ (2010) and _Collage IV for 3 violoncellos_ (2012).

Křížek died on 15 February 2018 in České Budějovice, Czech Republic at the age of 91.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Milan Křížek
- **image**: Milan Křížek-1986.jpg
- **caption**: Milan Křížek, 1986
- **birth place**: Lišov (České Budějovice District), Lišov, Czechoslovakia
- **death place**: České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- **occupation**: Composer, music teacher and Viola, viola player
- **era**: Contemporary
Jacques Dubochet

**Jacques Dubochet** (born 8 June 1942) is a retired Swiss biophysicist. He was born in Aigle, Switzerland.

He is a former researcher at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany, and an honorary professor of biophysics at the University of Lausanne in Switzerland.

In 2017, he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution".

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Jacques Dubochet
- **image**: Jacques Dubochet, 2017 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Dubochet in 2017
- **birth place**: Aigle, Switzerland
- **citizenship**: Switzerland
- **fields**: Structural biology
Cryo-electron microscopy
- **workplaces**: European Molecular Biology Laboratory
University of Lausanne
- **education**: École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
University of Geneva
University of Geneva  University of Basel
- **thesis title**: Contribution to the use of dark-field electron microscopy in biology
- **thesis year**: 1974
- **doctoral advisor**: Eduard Kellenberger
- **known for**: Cryo-electron microscopy
- **awards**: Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Wellston, Ohio

**Wellston** is a city in Ohio in the United States. 5,412 people lived there in the 2020 census. It is in Jackson County.

The school district there has four different schools:
- Bundy Elementary School
- Wellston High School
- Wellston Intermediate School
- Wellston Middle School
Rudy Regalado

**Rudolph Valentino Regalado** (May 21, 1930 - February 12, 2018) was an American Major League Baseball player. He was an infielder for the Cleveland Indians from 1954 to 1956, and played in the 1954 World Series. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Regalado died on February 12, 2018 in San Diego, California of a pulmonary embolism at the age of 87.

## Other websites

, or Baseball Reference MiLB
- Venezuelan Professional Baseball League statistics
Ainsley Gotto

**Ainsley Gotto** (14 February 1946 – 25 February 2018) was an Australian public servant and interior designer. She was the private secretary to Prime Minister John Gorton in the late 1960s. She was born in Annerley, Queensland.

Gotto began work as a typist at the Department of Immigration, but left after a few months to work for a private firm. After a year, she returned to government work at the Trade Commission Service.

When Gorton stepped down as prime minister in March 1971, Gotto stayed in his service when he became Minister for Defence, but resigned from the public service in 1972.

Gotto died at a hospital in Woollahra, Sydney of cancer-related complications on 25 February 2018 at the age of 72.
Everybody Knows (Leonard Cohen song)

"**Everybody Knows**" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen and collaborator Sharon Robinson. It has often been covered and used in soundtracks. "Everybody Knows" was first released on Cohen's album _I'm Your Man_, February 1988.

The lyrics include references to AIDS, social problems, and relationship and religious issues.

A cover of the song by Sigrid plays during the opening credits of _Justice League_.
Popular Problems

***Popular Problems*** is the thirteenth studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen. It was released on September 19, 2014 in Friday-release countries (such as France and Ireland) and on September 22, 2014 elsewhere.

Most of the songs were new, though Cohen did debut "Born in Chains" onstage in 2010 and "My Oh My" was played during a soundcheck the same year.

Upon its release the album received uniformly positive reviews from critics. _The New York Times_ gave a moderately positive review, calling Cohen "one of rock’s most profound aphorists".

The album peaked at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart, selling 20,000 copies in its first week.
You Want It Darker (song)

"**You Want It Darker**" is a single by Canadian poet and musician Leonard Cohen. It was released on October 21, 2016, three weeks before Cohen's death. The song is the title track from Cohen's album _You Want It Darker_.

It earned Cohen a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance.
Various Positions

***Various Positions*** is the seventh studio album by Leonard Cohen, It was released in December 1984 (and February 1985). It marked not only his turn to the modern sound, but also, after the harmonies and backing vocals from Jennifer Warnes on the previous _Recent Songs_ (1979). The album included Cohen's best known work "Hallelujah".

_Various Positions_ made the top ten in Spain, Portugal, and Scandinavia, and fared modestly well in the United Kingdom.  In the original 1985 _Rolling Stone_ review, Don Shewey complimented Lissauer's "lucid and beautiful production".
Dance Me to the End of Love

"**Dance Me to the End of Love**" is a 1984 song by Leonard Cohen. It was first performed by Cohen on his 1984 album _Various Positions_. It has been recorded by many artists and in 2009 was described as "trembling on the brink of becoming a standard." The song has many references to Greek gods.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Dance Me to the End of Love
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Leonard Cohen
- **album**: Various Positions
- **released**: December 1984
- **recorded**: June 1984
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop, Jazz
- **length**: 4:38
- **label**: Columbia Records, Columbia
- **writer**: Leonard Cohen, David Campbell (composer), David Campbell
- **producer**: John Lissauer
I'm Your Man (Leonard Cohen song)

"**I'm Your Man**" is a song written by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen, first released on the album of the same name. Originally released as a single in 1988, it reached number 57 in the French charts after Cohen's death in 2016. "Everybody Knows" was first released on Cohen's album _I'm Your Man_, February 1988.

Rolling Stone said, "Set to a cheesy drum-machine beat and sotto voce horn riffs, with more than a little suggestion of a country ballad, Cohen conversationally throws himself at the feet of a woman he's done wrong. He'd never beg for her forgiveness, of course. But if he did: 'I'd crawl to you baby and I'd fall at your feet/And I'd howl at your beauty like a dog in heat....'"
I'm Your Man (Leonard Cohen album)

***I'm Your Man*** is the eighth studio album by Leonard Cohen, released in 1988. The album marked Cohen's further move to a more modern sound.

_I'm Your Man_ was recorded in Los Angeles and Montreal and employed four producers: Roscoe Beck, Jean-Michel Reusser, Michel Robidoux, and Cohen himself.

The album includes some of the singer's most popular songs and concert staples, including the single "Ain't No Cure for Love", "First We Take Manhattan", "Tower of Song", and "Everybody Knows", which was a collaboration with Cohen's backup singer Sharon Robinson.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: I'm Your Man
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Leonard Cohen
- **released**: February 2, 1988
- **recorded**: August - November 1987
- **studio**: Studio Tempo, Montreal (Quebec),
Rock Steady, Los Angeles (United States)
- **genre**: Soft rock, contemporary folk
- **length**: 40:41
- **label**: Columbia Records, Columbia
- **producer**: Leonard Cohen, Roscoe Beck, Jean-Michel Reusser, Michel Robidoux
- **prev title**: Various Positions
(1984)
- **next title**: The Future (Leonard Cohen album), The Future
(1992)
First We Take Manhattan

"**First We Take Manhattan**" is a song written by Leonard Cohen. It was originally recorded by Jennifer Warnes on her 1986 Cohen tribute album _Famous Blue Raincoat_, which consisted entirely of songs written or co-written by Cohen.

Ben Hewitt writing for _The Guardian_ in 2015 drew attention to the lyric's apocalyptic nature, imagining Cohen "greedily eyeing world domination like a Bond villain".

Joe Cocker covered "First We Take Manhattan" on his 1999 album _No Ordinary World_.

## An explanation

Cohen explained himself in a backstage interview: "I think it means exactly what it says. It is a terrorist song. I think it's a response to terrorism. There's something about terrorism that I've always admired. The fact that there are no alibis or no compromises. That position is always very attractive. I don't like it when it's manifested on the physical plane – I don't really enjoy the terrorist activities – but Psychic Terrorism. I remember there was a great poem by Irving Layton that I once read, I'll give you a paraphrase of it. It was 'well, you guys blow up an occasional airline and kill a few children here and there', he says. 'But our terrorists, Jesus, Freud, Marx, Einstein. The whole world is still quaking.'"
The Future (Leonard Cohen album)

***The Future*** is the ninth studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen, released in 1992. Political events and history are found elsewhere on the album, with Cohen making references to Tiananmen Square, Stalin, World War II and Hiroshima.

The title track was originally called "If You Could See What's Coming Next", and underwent extensive rewrites, taking up almost sixty pages in Cohen's notebook, while "Closing Time" took two years with Cohen even starting over from scratch on the song as late as March 1992.
Suzanne (Leonard Cohen song)

"**Suzanne**" is a song written by Canadian poet and musician Leonard Cohen in 1968. First published as a poem in 1966, it was recorded as a song by Judy Collins in the same year. Cohen performed it as his debut single, from his 1967 album _Songs of Leonard Cohen_.

In 2006, Pitchfork Media listed the song #41 on their list of "The Top Songs of the 1960s".
So Long, Marianne

"**So Long, Marianne**" is a 1967 song written by Canadian poet and musician Leonard Cohen. It was featured on his debut album, _Songs of Leonard Cohen_. Pitchfork Media placed it at number 190 on their list of "The 200 Greatest Songs of the 1960s."
Songs of Leonard Cohen

***Songs of Leonard Cohen*** is the debut album by Canadian folk singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen. It was released on December 27, 1967 on Columbia Records. The best known song from the album is "So Long, Marianne".

_Songs of Leonard Cohen_ foreshadowed the kind of chart success Cohen would go on to achieve. It reached number 83 on the _Billboard_ 200 and achieving gold status in the US only in 1989, but peaked at number 13 on the UK Albums Chart, and spent nearly a year and a half on it.
Take This Waltz (song)

"**Take This Waltz**" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen. It was originally released as part of the 1986 Federico García Lorca tribute album _Poet in New York_ (_Poeta en Nueva York_) and as a single.

The song was later included in Cohen's 1988 studio album _I'm Your Man_. The song's lyrics are a loose translation, into English, of the poem "Pequeño vals vienés" (Little Viennese Waltz) by the Spanish poet Federico García Lorca (one of Cohen's favorite poets). The poem was first published in Lorca's seminal book _Poeta en Nueva York_.

The song reached number one in Spain in 1986.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Take This Waltz
- **artist**: Leonard Cohen
- **album**: I'm Your Man (Leonard Cohen album), I'm Your Man
- **released**: 1986
- **recorded**: Studios Montmartre, Paris
- **label**: Columbia Records, CBS Records
- **writer**: Leonard Cohen
Federico García Lorca
- **producer**: Michel Reusser, Leonard Cohen
Bountiful, Utah

**Bountiful** is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 45,762.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Bountiful Utah
Kundo Phooler Mala

***Kundo Phooler Mala*** is an Indian Bengali television Soap Opera that premiered on 29 May 2017 at 6:00PM and aired on Star Jalsha. Produced by Magic Moments Motion Pictures, It started Indrajit Chakraborty and Rukma Roy in lead roles, Debolina Dutta in a negative role and Laboni Sarkar, Sohini Sanyal, Bharat Kaul, Shankar Chakraborty in supporting roles. The Show Went  Off Air on 18 March 2018.

## Cast

- Indrajeet Chakraborty as Anghsu (Main Male Lead)
- Rukma Roy as Ghunghur/Anooporna (Main Female Lead)
- Sonali Chowdhury / Debolina Dutta as Shukantala
- Bharat Kaul as Aniruddha
- Sohini Sanyal as Nandana
- Shankar Chakraborty as Shibnath
- Laboni Sarkar as Shibnath's wife
- Rajashree Bhowmik as Samnath's Wife
- Subhadra Chakraborty as Shibnath's Sister
- Joyjeet Banerjee as Bishnu
- Bulbuli Choubey Panja as Saeswati
- Sourav Chattejee as Anghsu's Brother
- Dwaipayan Das as Raja
- Arup Roy as Suman
- Ayesha Bhattacharya as Pola

## References

- http://www.newstechcafe.com/2017/05/koondo-phooler-mala-serial-on-star.html

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Drama
 Romance (love), Romance
- **creator**: Magic Moments Motion Pictures
- **developer**: Leena Gangophadayay
- **writer**: Leena Gangopadhyay
- **director**: Saibal Banerjee/ Diganta Sinha
- **creative director**: Leena Gangophadayay
- **presenter**: Magic Moments Motion Pictures
- **starring**: Rukma Roy
Indrajeet Chakraborty
Sohini Snyal
Bharat Kaul
Debolina Dutta
- **opentheme**: Kundo Phuler Mala
- **country**: India
- **language**: Bengali language, Bengali
- **producer**: Saibal Banerjee
- **location**: Kolkata
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: Magic Moments Motion Pictures
- **channel**: STAR Jalsha
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 294
Pan-Africanism

**Pan-Africanism** is a political movement about improving the position of Africa, and people with ancestors from Africa in the world. In essence, Pan-Africanism is the belief that people of African descent have common interests and should be unified. Pan-Africanists believe the slave trade and colonialism have hurt African nations and people, and the solution that they see is for Africans to unite politically.

## References

4. South African History Online. Retrieved 2021-12-22

## Related pages

- Julius Nyerere
- African Union
- Decolonization
- Kwame Nkrumah
Diomedes

**Diomedes** (, _Diomēdēs_ - "God-like cunning, advised by Zeus") was an ancient Greek hero and one of the central figures of the _Iliad_. Son of King Tydeus and Queen Deipyle, he was the leader of the Argive contingent during the Trojan War. Diomedes was, alongside Greater Ajax, regarded as one of the greatest of all the Achaean warriors, second only to Achilles in terms of prowess.
Hexadecagon

An **hexadecagon** or **hexakaidecagon** is a shape with 16 sides and 16 corners.

## Regular hexadecagon

A _regular hexadecagon_ is a hexadecagon in which all angles are equal and all sides are congruent. Its Schläfli symbol is {16} and can be constructed as a truncated octagon, t{8}, and a twice-truncated square tt{4}. A truncated hexadecagon, t{16}, is a triacontadigon, {32}.

### Area

The area of a regular hexadecagon with edge length _t_ is

Because the hexadecagon has a number of sides that is a power of two, its area can be computed in terms of the circumradius _R_ by truncating Viète's formula:

Since the area of the circumcircle is  the regular hexadecagon fills approximately 97.45% of its circumcircle.

## Dissection

Coxeter states that every parallel-sided 2_m_-gon can be divided into m(m-1)/2 rhombs. For the _regular hexadecagon_, _m_=8, and it can be divided into 28: 4 squares and 3 sets of 8 rhombs. This decomposition is based on a Petrie polygon projection of a 8-cube, with 28 of 1792 faces.  The list A006245 enumerates the number of solutions as 1232944, including up to 16-fold rotations and chiral forms in reflection.

## Skew hexadecagon

|{8}#{ }|{  }#{ }|{  }#{ }|
| --- | --- | --- |
|colspan=3|A regular skew hexadecagon is seen as zig-zagging edges of a octagonal antiprism, a octagrammic antiprism, and a octagrammic crossed-antiprism.||
A **skew hexadecagon** is a skew polygon with 24 vertices and edges but not existing on the same plane. The interior of such an hexadecagon is not generally defined. A _skew zig-zag hexadecagon_ has vertices alternating between two parallel planes.

A **regular skew hexadecagon** is vertex-transitive with equal edge lengths. In 3-dimensions it will be a zig-zag skew hexadecagon and can be seen in the vertices and side edges of a octagonal antiprism with the same D<sub>8d</sub>, [2<sup>+</sup>,16] symmetry, order 32. The octagrammic antiprism, s{2,16/3} and octagrammic crossed-antiprism, s{2,16/5} also have regular skew octagons.

## In art

In the early 16th century, Raphael was the first to construct a perspective image of a regular hexadecagon: the tower in his painting _The Marriage of the Virgin_ has 16 sides, elaborating on an eight-sided tower in a previous painting by Pietro Perugino.

Hexadecagrams (16-sided star polygons) are included in the Girih patterns in the Alhambra.

## Irregular hexadecagons

An octagonal star can be seen as a concave hexadecagon:
Lulu Belle Madison White

**Lulu (or Lula) Belle Madison White** (August 31, 1900 – July 6, 1957) was a teacher and civil rights activist in Texas during the 1940s and 1950s. In 1939, White was named as the president of the Houston chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) before becoming executive secretary of the branch in 1943. Under her leadership, the Houston chapter of the NAACP more than doubled in size from 1943 to 1948.
Pulaski, Tennessee

**Pulaski** is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the county seat of Giles County. 8,397 people lived there in the 2020 census.
Flag of Kuwait

The national **flag of Kuwait** () was created in 1961. It has green, white, and red horizontal bands with a black trapezoid next to the left side.
Pentacontagon

In geometry, a **pentacontagon** or **pentecontagon** or 50-gon is a fifty-sided polygon. The sum of any pentacontagon's interior angles is 8640 degrees.

## Regular pentacontagon

A _regular pentacontagon_ is represented by Schläfli symbol {50} and can be constructed as a quasiregular truncated icosipentagon, t{25}, which alternates two types of edges.

### Area

One interior angle in a regular pentacontagon is 172°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 7°.

The area of a regular pentacontagon is (with )

and its inradius is

The circumradius of a regular pentacontagon is

Since 50 = 2 × 5<sup>2</sup>, a regular pentacontagon is not constructible using a compass and straightedge, and is not constructible even if the use of an angle trisector is allowed.

## Dissection

Coxeter states that every zonogon (a 2_m_-gon whose opposite sides are parallel and of equal length) can be dissected into _m_(_m_-1)/2 parallelograms.
In particular this is true for regular polygons with evenly many sides, in which case the parallelograms are all rhombi. For the _regular pentacontagon_, _m_=25, it can be divided into 300: 12 sets of 25 rhombs. This decomposition is based on a Petrie polygon projection of a 25-cube.

## References

- Naming Polygons and Polyhedra
Hexacontagon

A **hexacontagon** or **60-gon** is a shape with 60 sides and 60 corners.

## Regular hexacontagon

A _regular hexacontagon_ is represented by Schläfli symbol {60} and also can be constructed as a truncated triacontagon, t{30}, or a twice-truncated pentadecagon, tt{15}. A truncated hexacontagon, t{60}, is a 120-gon, {120}.

One interior angle in a regular hexacontagon is 174°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 6°.

### Area

The area of a regular hexacontagon is (with )

and its inradius is

The circumradius of a regular hexacontagon is

This means that the trigonometric functions of π/60 can be expressed in radicals.

### Constructible

Since 60 = 2<sup>2</sup> × 3 × 5, a regular hexacontagon is constructible using a compass and straightedge. As a truncated triacontagon, it can be constructed by an edge-bisection of a regular triacontagon.

## Dissection

Coxeter states that every zonogon (a 2_m_-gon whose opposite sides are parallel and of equal length) can be dissected into _m_(_m_-1)/2 parallelograms.

In particular this is true for regular polygons with evenly many sides, in which case the parallelograms are all rhombi. For the _regular hexacontagon_, _m_=30, and it can be divided into 435: 15 squares and 14 sets of 30 rhombs. This decomposition is based on a Petrie polygon projection of a 30-cube.

## References

- Naming Polygons and Polyhedra
Myrmidons

The **Myrmidons** (, _Myrmidones_) were a legendary people of Greek mythology. Native to the region of Thessaly, they were said to be the fiercest and strongest of all the warriors in Greece; during the Trojan War, they were led by Achilles, as described in Homer's _Iliad_. According to Greek myth, they were created by Zeus from a colony of ants, from which their name is derived - Greek _myrmex_ (), meaning "ant".
Emirate of Umm Al Quwain

**Umm al-Quwain** (; ) is the capital city and largest city of the emirate with the same name. of the seven sovereign emirates in the United Arab Emirates, in the north of the country. Mangroves populate the coast of the city, and the local economy is fishing.

Umm al-Quwain lies on the Arabian Gulf.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Umm al-Quwain
- **settlement type**: Emirate
- **image skyline**: Umm Al Quwain mangroves (7267363924).jpg
- **imagesize**: 250
- **image caption**: Mangroves near Umm al-Quwain
- **image flag**: Flag of Umm al-Qaiwain.svg
- **image shield**: Ae uaq-escudo.png
- **image map**: Umm al-Quwain in United Arab Emirates.svg
- **map alt**: 251
- **map caption**: Location of Umm al-Quwain in the UAE
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Emirates of the United Arab Emirates, Emirate
- **government type**: Absolute monarchy
- **leader title**: Emir
- **leader name**: Saud bin Rashid Al Mu'alla
- **area metro km2**: 755
- **population as of**: 2007
- **population metro**: 72000
- **utc offset**: +4
- **timezone**: UAE Standard Time
Pratidaan

***Pratidaan*** (); is a Bengali television Popular Soap Opera that premiered on August 21, 2017, and airs on STAR Jalsha. Produced by Boyhood Productions, it stars Sandipta Sen and Sheikh Rezwan Rabbani in lead roles and Tanuka Chatterjee in a Negative role. It replaced Star Jalsha's popular show _Milon Tithi_.

## Plot

Shimul is a very well educated girl and she wants to pursue her study further. She wants to get married in a family where she gets her due respect as a highly educated girl. But on the other hand her would be mother-in-law wants to get a bride who is altoegther illiterate. As the destiny had it her son meets Shimul, a girl of diametrically opposite character. They get married and she will have to teach life lessons to her arrogant husband, Neel, was not the kind of marriage Shimul was hoping for. Will they ever fall in love? What happens next?

## Cast

- Sheikh Rezwan Rabbani as Neil/Rony/Main Male Lead
- Sandipta Sen as Shimul/Main Female Lead/Mrs.Braginza
- Tanuka Chatterjee as Shanti/Main Antagonist
- Sahana Sen as Neil's Sister-in law
- Subrata Guha Roy as Neil's Uncle
- Debaparna Chakraborty as Neil's Sister-in law
- Nabanita Dutta as Pallabi/Antagonist
- Priya Malakar as Nisha
- Bharat Kaul as Nisha's Father
- Chumki Choudhury as Kalyani
- Sudip Banerjee as Ganapati
- Sudip Sarkar as Pranabesh
- Rukma Roy as Madhusree/Antagonist

## References

- http://www.newstechcafe.com/2017/07/protidan-serial-on-star-jalsha-tv-plot.html

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Drama
 Romance (love), Romance
- **creator**: Boyhood Productions
- **writer**: Concept
 Star Jalsha Creative Team
 Screenplay
 Sayantani Bhattacharya
 Dialogues
 Sourav Sengupta
- **director**: Siddhartha Paul
- **starring**: Sandipta Sen
 Sheikh Rezwan Rabbani
 Tanuka Chatterjee
- **opentheme**: _Pratidaan_
- **composer**: Debjit Roy
- **country**: India
- **language**: Bengali language, Bengali
- **producer**: Surinder Singh (producer), Surinder Singh
 Gurjit Singh
 Sushanta Das
- **location**: Kolkata
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: Boyhood Productions
- **channel**: STAR Jalsha
- **num seasons**: 4
- **num episodes**: 210
- **related**: Siddhi Vinayak
Ursula B. Marvin

**Ursula Bailey Marvin** (August 20, 1921 – February 12, 2018) was an American planetary geologist and author. She worked for the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.

She won the 1997 Lifetime Achievement Award from Women in Science and Engineering. Asteroid (4309) Marvin is named in her honour.

Marvin died at a retirement home in Concord, Massachusetts on February 12, 2018 at the age of 96.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Ursula B. Marvin
- **image**: Ursula B. Marvin.jpg
- **caption**: Marvin in 1978
- **birth place**: Burlington, Vermont, U.S.
- **death place**: Concord, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **fields**: Planetary geology
- **workplaces**: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
- **alma mater**: Tufts University,
 Harvard University-Radcliffe
- **known for**: _Continental Drift: Evolution of a Concept_
- **awards**: Lifetime Achievement Award from Women in Science and Engineering
- **spouse**: Thomas Crockett Marvin
Hina Jilani

**Hina Jilani** () (born 1953) is an advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and a human-rights activist from Lahore in Punjab, Pakistan.
Special Representative of the Secretary-General

A **Special Representative of the Secretary-General** is a highly respected expert who has been appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to represent her/him in meetings with heads of state on critical human rights issues. The representatives can carry out country visits to investigate allegations of human rights violations or act as negotiators on behalf of the United Nations.
Human Rights Commission of Pakistan

A **Special Representative of the Secretary-General** is a highly respected expert who has been appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to represent her/him in meetings with heads of state on critical human rights issues. The representatives can carry out country visits to investigate allegations of human rights violations or act as negotiators on behalf of the United Nations.

## History

Among issues it has covered are women's rights, including gender equality, violence against women, domestic violence, Hudood Ordinance, honour killing, Forced disappearance in Pakistan, abolition of capital punishment, LGBT rights, restrictions on press freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of movement, police brutality, and religiously-inspired violence. The commission is a member organisation of the Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development (FORUM-ASIA).

the chairperson is Zohra Yusuf, an activist and journalist. She joined HRCP in 1988, was elected a Council Member in 1990 then Vice Chairperson and Secretary General before becoming Chairperson in 2011.

## Aims

It describes its aims as:
- to work for the ratification and implementation by Pakistan of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and of other related Charters, Covenants, Protocols, Resolutions, Recommendations and internationally adopted norms;
- to promote studies in the field of human rights and mobilise public opinion in favour of accepted norms through all available media and forums, and to carry out every category of activity to further the cause;
- to cooperate with and aid national and international groups, organisations and individuals engaged in the promotion of human rights and to participate in meetings and congresses on human rights at home and abroad;
- to take appropriate action to prevent violations of human rights and to provide legal aid and other assistance to victims of those violations and to individuals and groups striving to protect human rights.
David Caron

**David D. Caron** (June 28, 1952 – February 20, 2018) was an American professor of law. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He did public international law, environmental law, and international arbitration. He was the dean of the King's College, London School of Law, and an emeritus professor of UC Berkeley School of Law.

Caron died on February 20, 2018 in London, England at the age of 65.
Government of India Act 1858

The **Government of India Act 1858** was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (21 & 22 Vict. c. 106) passed on August 2, 1858. Its provisions called for the liquidation of the British East India Company (who had up to this point been ruling British India under the auspices of Parliament) and the transference of its functions to the British Crown.

The **Act** ushered in a new period of Indian history, bringing about the end of Company rule in India. The era of the new British Raj would last until Partition of British India in August 1947, at which time all of the territory of the British Raj was granted Dominion status within the Dominion of Pakistan and the Dominion of India.
Indian Independence Act 1947

The **Indian Independence Act 1947** (1947 c. 30 (10 & 11. Geo. 6.)) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new Independent Dominions of India and Pakistan.  The Act received the royal assent on 18 July 1947, and Pakistan came into being on 14 August and India came into being on 15 August.

## Partition of Empire

There was much violence, and many Muslims from what would become India fled to Pakistan; and Hindus and Sikhs from what would become Pakistan fled to India. Many people left behind all their possessions and property to avoid the violence and flee to their new country.

## Repeal

The Indian Independence Act was subsequently repealed in Article 395 of the Constitution of India and in Article 221 of the Constitution of Pakistan of 1956, both constitutions being intended to bring about greater independence for the new states. Although the new constitutions did not have the legal authority to repeal the Act, the repeal was intended to establish them as independent legal systems based only on home-grown legislation. The Act has not been repealed in the United Kingdom, where it still has effect, although some sections of it have been repealed.
Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone

The **Hawaii-Aleutian time zone** subtracts ten hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-10) and nine hours during daylight saving time (UTC-9).

This time zone is called **Hawaii**-**Aleutian** **Standard** **Time** (HST) during standard time (Winter). It is called **Hawaii**-**Aleutian** **Daylight** **Time** (HDT) during daylight saving time (Summer).

Places that are in Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone

**United States**

-Hawaii (No DST)

-Alaska (Western Aleutian Islands west of 169.5 degrees W)

**France**

Most of french polynesia.
Classical crossover

**Classical crossover** is a style of music where classical music is performed in a popular modern style that is different to how that music was originally performed. It can also refer to popular performers who normally play rock music or other popular music, but adapt their music into a classical music style like Orchestral music. There are other performers who take Classical repertoire and perform it in modern styles like rock or dance music. One example of this is the band called "Classical Made Modern".
Kogo language

**Kogo**, also called **Bakoko** and **Basoo**, is a Bantu language. It is spoken in Cameroon. North and South Kogo are as different from each other as they are from Basaa. They might be three dialects of one language.

## Writing

Kogo uses the Latin script. Its alphabet is based on the General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages and it has 7 vowels and 20 consonants.
|_Letters (upper case)_|A|B|Ɓ|C|D|E|Ɛ|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|Ŋ|O|Ɔ|P|S|T|U|V|W|Y|Z|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|_Letters (lower case)_|a|b|ɓ|c|d|e|ɛ|f|g|h|i|j|k|l|m|n|ŋ|o|ɔ|p|s|t|u|v|w|y|z|
|_IPA_||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Giorgi Maisashvili

**George (Gia) Maisashvili** () (November 24, 1962 – February 26, 2018) was a Georgian economist, human rights activist and politician. He was a presidential candidate in the Georgian presidential election of 2008. He was born in Tbilisi.

After the Georgian Civil War and the overthrowing of the democratically elected government by Eduard Shevardnadze in 1992, Maisashvili was forced to flee the country and was granted a political asylum by the United States.

Maisashvili died in Tbilisi on February 26, 2018 of gliablastoma at the age of 55.
Amtrak Cascades

The **Amtrak _Cascades**_ is a passenger train in the United States and Canada. It goes up and down the Pacific Northwest, from Vancouver to Seattle to Portland to Eugene, Oregon. It takes its name from the Cascade Mountains.

The train is run by Amtrak and gets money from Washington and Oregon. It stops in 18 cities. The _Cascades_ name started being used in 1998; trains were already running under different names.
James Colby

**James Leo Colby** (September 20, 1961 – February 23, 2018) was an American actor. Colby appeared in many Broadway plays and few stage productions in Connecticut.

Colby was known for his roles _The Pacemaker_ (1997), _Tower Heist_ (2011), _Safe_ (2012), _The Amazing Spider-Man 2_ (2014) and in _Patriots Day_ (2016). In television, he was known for his role as Sergeant Ray Dwyer in _Chicago P.D._ and Burleson in _Empire_.

Colby died on February 23, 2018 at the age of 56.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: James Colby
- **birth name**: James Leo Colby
- **birth place**: Arlington, Massachusetts, Arlington, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **years active**: 1993 – 2018
- **occupation**: Actor
Isosceles triangle

In geometry, an **isosceles triangle** is a triangle that has two sides of equal length. Sometimes it is specified as having two _and only two_ sides of equal length, and sometimes as having _at least_ two sides of equal length, the latter version thus including the equilateral triangle as a special case.
Examples of isosceles triangles include the isosceles right triangle, the golden triangle, and the faces of bipyramids and certain Catalan solids.

The mathematical study of isosceles triangles dates back to ancient Egyptian mathematics and Babylonian mathematics. Isosceles triangles have been used as decoration from even earlier times, and appear frequently in architecture and design, for instance in the pediments and gables of buildings.

The two equal sides are called the legs and the third side is called the base of the triangle. The other dimensions of the triangle, such as its height, area, and perimeter, can be calculated by simple formulas from the lengths of the legs and base.
Every isosceles triangle has an axis of symmetry along the perpendicular bisector of its base. The two angles opposite the legs are equal and are always acute, so the classification of the triangle as acute, right, or obtuse depends only on the angle between its two legs.
Makkal Needhi Maiam

**Makkal Needhi Maiam** (Translation: People's Justice Centre), is an Indian political party in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and union territory of Puducherry. It was founded by famous actor Kamal Haasan. This party was started (launched) in a public meeting at Madurai in 2018 February 21. He also launched his party flag in the meeting. The flag has a symbol with six hands locked with one another. This symbol represents the co-operation between the South Indian states (5 States and 1 Union Territory).

## Important ideologies

- Quality education
- Establishment of corruption free state
- Standing against Religious and Caste differences
- Bringing South Indian states together
- No permanent Chief Minister for the state
Search algorithm

A **search algorithm** is a method for finding a target value within a list. It checks each element of the list for the target value until a match is found or until all the elements have been searched.

Linear search is rarely practical because other search algorithms and schemes, such as the binary search algorithm and hash tables, allow significantly faster searching for all but short lists.
World of Coca-Cola

The **World of Coca-Cola** is a museum about the history of Coca-Cola, the world's most popular soft drink, and the company who makes it, The Coca-Cola Company.

The museum is in the city of Atlanta, Georgia and opened on May 24, 2007. It covers an area of .

## Other websites

- Official website of the museum
Penny Vincenzi

**Penelope Vincenzi** (, 10 April 1939 – 25 February 2018) was a British novelist. She was born in Bournemouth, England.

She wrote 17 novels and 2 collections of stories. Her sales by 2014 amounted to over 7 million copies.

She started work for the _Daily Mirror_ as a secretary, and after a year was working for Marjorie Proops, she knowing of her journalistic ambitions, let her help with research and small tasks.

Vincenzi was also a fashion journalist, she worked for various publications, including the _Daily Mirror_ and _Vogue_.

Vincenzi died on 25 February 2018, aged 78.