juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Chic McLelland

**Charles McLelland** (24 March 1953 – 26 December 2020), also known as **Chic McLelland**, was a Scottish football player and manager. He played for Aberdeen, Motherwell, Dundee and Montrose. His playing career lasted from 1973 to 1990. His managing career lasted from 1990 to 1991.

McLelland was born in Glasgow. He died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 63.

### Appearances and goals by club, season and competition

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|Scottish Cup|colspan="2"|League Cup|colspan="2"|Europe|colspan="2"|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="11"|Aberdeen|1970–71|rowspan="5"|Scottish Division One|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|
|1971–72|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||||
|1972–73|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||||
|1973–74|15|1|0|0|0|0|0|0|15|1|||||
|1974–75|33|1|4|0|6|0|0|0|43|1|||||
|1975–76|rowspan="5"|Scottish Premier Division|30|0|2|0|6|0|0|0|38|0|||
|1976–77|25|1|3|0|9|0|0|0|37|1|||||
|1977–78|25|0|5|0|6|0|2|0|38|0|||||
|1978–79|26|0|3|0|8|1|4|1|41|2|||||
|1979–80|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|||||
|rowspan="3"|Motherwell|1979–80|rowspan="2"|Scottish First Division|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|
|1980–81|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|||||
|rowspan="3"|Dundee|1981–82|rowspan="2"|Scottish Premier Division|15|0|3|0|1|0|0|0|19|0|
|1982–83|1|0|0|0|5|0|0|0|6|0|||||

## Managerial record

|rowspan="2"|Team|rowspan="2"|From|rowspan="2"|To|colspan="5"|Record|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Montrose|1990|1991|74|26|31|17|35.14%|

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Chic McLelland
- **fullname**: Charles McLelland
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthclubs1**: Eastercraigs
- **years1**: 1973–1979
- **clubs1**: Aberdeen F.C., Aberdeen
- **caps1**: 154
- **goals1**: 3
- **years2**: 1979–1981
- **clubs2**: Motherwell F.C., Motherwell
- **caps2**: 51
- **goals2**: 1
- **years3**: 1981–1983
- **clubs3**: Dundee F.C., Dundee
- **caps3**: 16
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1983–1990
- **clubs4**: Montrose F.C., Montrose
- **caps4**: 176
- **goals4**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 397
- **totalgoals**: 4
- **nationalyears1**: 1976
- **nationalteam1**: Scotland national under-23 football team, Scotland U23
- **nationalcaps1**: 2
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1990–1991
- **managerclubs1**: Montrose F.C., Montrose
Tito Rojas

**Julio César Rojas López** (June 14, 1955 – December 26, 2020) known as **Tito Rojas** a.k.a. **"El Gallo Salsero"** was a Puerto Rican salsa singer. He was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico. His career began in 1972. He was known for his albums: _Tres Mujeres_ (1987), _Sensual_ (1990), _Vida_ (2010), _Independiente_ (2011) and _El Viajero_ (2014).

Rojas died on December 26, 2020, at the age of 65, after suffering a heart attack in Humacao.
Humacao, Puerto Rico

**Humacao** () is a municipality in Puerto Rico.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Humacao
- **native name**: <small></small>
- **native name lang**: es
- **settlement type**: City and Municipalities of Puerto Rico, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Humacao skyline from City Hall.JPG
- **image caption**: Downtown Humacao from its city hall
- **image flag**: Flag of Humacao.svg
- **image shield**: Escudo de Humacao, Puerto Rico.svg
- **nicknames**: _"La Perla del Oriente", "La Ciudad Gris", "Roye Huesos"_
- **anthem**: _"Humacao, Hijo del Taíno Bravío"_
- **image map**: Locator-map-Puerto-Rico-Humacao.svg
- **mapsize**: 300px
- **map caption**: Map of Puerto Rico highlighting Humacao Municipality
- **subdivision type**: Commonwealth (United States insular area), Commonwealth
- **subdivision name**: Puerto Rico
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: April 1722
- **parts type**: Barrios of Puerto Rico, Barrios
- **parts**: 13 barrios
- **p1**: Antón Ruíz
- **p2**: Buena Vista, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Buena Vista
- **p3**: Candelero Abajo
- **p4**: Candelero Arriba
- **p5**: Cataño, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Cataño
- **p6**: Collores, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Collores
- **p7**: Humacao barrio-pueblo
- **p8**: Mabú
- **p9**: Mambiche
- **p10**: Mariana, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Mariana
- **p11**: Punta Santiago, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Punta Santiago
- **p12**: Río Abajo, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Río Abajo
- **p13**: Tejas, Humacao, Puerto Rico, Tejas
- **leader party**: Partido Nuevo Progresista
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Reynaldo _Rey_ Vargas
- **leader title1**: Senatorial dist.
- **leader name1**: Puerto Rico Senatorial district VII, 7 – Humacao
- **leader title2**: Representative dist.
- **leader name2**: 35
- **area total km2**: 143.63
- **area land km2**: 117
- **area water km2**: 26.63
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population total**: 50,896
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population demonym**: Humacaeños
- **population blank1 title**: Racial groups
<small>(United States Census, 2000, 2000 Census) </small>
- **population blank1**: 69.7% White people, White
12.9% Black people, Black
0.4% Native Americans in the United States, American Indian/Alaska Native, An
0.3% Asian people, Asian
0.0% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Pi
9.7% Some other race
6.9% Two or more races
- **timezone1**: Atlantic Standard Time, AST
- **utc offset1**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 00791, 00792, 00741
- **area code**: Telephone numbers in Puerto Rico, 787/939
- **blank name sec1**: List of highways in Puerto Rico, Major routes
- **blank info sec1**:
Nomvuzo Shabalala

**Nomvuzo Francisca Shabalala** (1960 – 26 December 2020) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party. From 2011 to 2016 she was the deputy mayor of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. In 2018, Shabalala was elected a member of the National Assembly.

Shabalala died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 60. The cause of death was problems caused by COVID-19.
Kadambur R. Janarthanan

**Kadambur R. Janarthanan** (22 October 1929 – 26 December 2020) was an Indian politician and trade unionist. He was born in Tamil Nadu, India. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1984. He left the parliament in 1996 only to serve again from 1998 to 1999.

Janarthanan died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 91.
Leader of the Opposition (Scotland)

The **Leader of the Opposition** is an informal term given to the leader of the largest party not in government in the Scottish Parliament. Since 27 September 2024, this has been Russell Findlay of the Scottish Conservative Party.

## List of Leaders of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament

- Alex Salmond (Scottish National Party) - 12 May 1999 - 26 September 2000
- John Swinney (Scottish National Party) - 26 September 2000 - 3 September 2004
- Nicola Sturgeon (Scottish National Party) - 3 September 2004 - 17 May 2007
- Jack McConnell (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 May 2007 - 15 August 2007
- Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 15 August 2007 - 14 September 2007
- Wendy Alexander (Scottish Labour Party) - 14 September 2007 - 28 June 2008
- Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 28 June 2008 - 14 September 2008
- Iain Gray (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 September 2008 - 17 December 2011
- Johann Lamont (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 December 2011 - 24 October 2014
- Jackie Baillie (Scottish Labour Party) - 24 October 2014 - 13 December 2014
- Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 December 2014 - 13 June 2015
- Iain Gray – (Scottish Labour Party) – 13 June 2015 – 15 August 2015
- Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) – 15 August 2015 – 6 May 2016
- Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 6 May 2016 - 15 September 2018
- Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 15 September 2018 – 3 May 2019
- Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 3 May 2019 – 29 August 2019
- Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 29 August 2019 – 30 July 2020
- Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 11 August 2020 –  6 May 2021
- Douglas Ross (Scottish Conservative Party) – 6 May 2021 – 27 September 2024
- Russell Findlay (Scottish Conservative Party) – 27 September 2024 – present

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Leader of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament
- **style**: Member of the Scottish Parliament, Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP)
- **image**: Official portrait of Russell Findlay MSP (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: Leader of the Opposition
- **incumbent**: Russell Findlay
- **incumbentsince**: 6 May 2021
- **termlength**: While leader of the largest political party not in government
- **inaugural**: Alex Salmond
- **formation**: May 1999
Ruma

**Ruma** () is a town and municipality in the Srem District of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011, 30,076 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **native name lang**: sr
- **official name**: Ruma
- **settlement type**: List of cities in Serbia, Town and Municipalities and cities of Serbia, municipality
- **image shield**: COA Ruma small.png
- **image map**: Municipalities of Serbia Ruma.png
- **map caption**: Location of the municipality of Ruma within Serbia
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Subdivisions of Serbia, Province
- **subdivision type2**: List of regions of Serbia, Region
- **subdivision name2**: Syrmia
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of Serbia, District
- **subdivision name3**: Srem District, Srem
- **subdivision type4**: Municipalities of Serbia, Municipality
- **subdivision name4**: Ruma
- **parts type**: Settlements
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: 17
- **leader party**: Serbian Progressive Party, SNS
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Slađan Mančić
- **area blank1 title**: Town
- **area blank1 km2**: 68.66
- **area blank2 title**: Municipality
- **area blank2 km2**: 582.02
- **elevation m**: 112
- **population as of**: 2011 census
- **population blank1 title**: Town
- **population blank1**: 30076
- **population density blank1 km2**: auto
- **population blank2 title**: Municipality
- **population blank2**: 54339
- **population density blank2 km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Serbia, Postal code
- **postal code**: 22400
- **area code type**: Telephone numbers in Serbia, Area code
- **area code**: +381(0)22
- **blank name**: Vehicle registration plates of Serbia, Car plates
- **blank info**: RU
More Cowbell

"**More Cowbell**" is a comedy sketch. It is a part of _Saturday Night Live_. It was first shown on television on April 8, 2000. The sketch is shown as a fake episode of _Behind the Music_. It is about the real band Blue Öyster Cult making a sound recording for the song "(Don't Fear) The Reaper". Will Ferrell is shown in the sketch as a man playing the cowbell. He plays the cowbell very loud and annoys the members of Blue Öyster Cult. Christopher Walken is in the sketch as a music producer that keeps asking for the cowbell to be louder.

Many people thought that it was one of the best sketches of Saturday Night Live. _Rolling Stone_ named it the 9th best sketch of Saturday Night Live. "More Cowbell" became a catchphrase in popular culture.
Slovene Americans

**Slovene Americans** or **Slovenian Americans** are Americans of Slovene or Slovenian descent.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Slovene Americans
 _Ameriški Slovenci_
- **image**: USA Map Showing Slovenian Population by State.png
- **pop**: **171,923**
- **popplace**: California, Colorado, Illinois, Minnesota, New York (state), New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin
- **langs**: English language, American English, Slovene language, Slovene
- **rels**: Roman Catholic, Lutheran
Latvian Americans

**Latvian Americans** are Americans who are of Latvian ancestry. According to the 2008 American Community Survey, there are 93,498 Americans of full or partial Latvian descent.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Latvian Americans
<small>_Amerikas latvieši_
</small>
- **pop**: 93,498 (2008 American Community Survey)
- **popplace**: California, New York (state), New York, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota
- **langs**: American English, Latvian language, Latvian
- **rels**: Mostly Lutheranism with Roman Catholic minority
- **related**: Lithuanian Americans, Latvians
Turn

***Turn*** or ***Turn: Washington's Spies*** is an American television show. It is set during the American Revolutionary War.  It is about the spies and the beginning of espionage.  It was on television for four seasons.  It started in 2014.

## Development

_Turn_ is based on the Culper Ring, real spies from the Revolutionary War.  The television show was based on the book _Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring_, by Alexander Rose.  The book is not fiction.  Rose is one of the show's producers and writers.

## Story

A cabbage farmer named Abraham Woodhull (Jaime Bell) and his friends become spies for George Washington (Ian  Kahn).  The story covers the British plan to use counterfeit money, the time Benedict Arnold changed sides, and the execution of John André.

## Setting

Much of the story takes place on Long Island in New York.  It also shows other parts of the American colonies, including Manhattan, Philadelphia, and West Point.

## Accuracy

According to Long Island historian Margo Arceri, the show is "about 70 percent inaccurate."

## Results

Because of the television show, more tourists came to Long Island.  Many of the buildings where the real Culper Ring spies worked are still there.

## Related pages

- Culper spy ring

## Other websites

- _Turn_ on IMDB

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Drama
- **runtime**: approx. 44 minutes (per episode)
- **creator**: Craig Silverstein
- **starring**: Jaime Bell
 Seth Numrich
 Heather Lind
 Daniel Henshall
 Meegan Warner
 Kevin McNally
 Burn Gorman
 Angus MacFadyen
 JJ Feild
 Ian Kahn
 Samuel Roukin
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **network**: AMC (TV channel), AMC
Icelandic Americans

**Icelandic Americans** are Americans of Icelandic descent or Iceland-born people who reside in the United States. Icelandic immigrants came to the United States primarily in the period 1873–1905 and after World War II.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Icelandic Americans
- **total**: **42,716**
- **popplace**: Throughout much of the Western United States and Midwestern United States as well in parts of the Pacific Northwest
- **langs**: English language, English, Icelandic language, Icelandic
- **rels**: Protestantism (Lutheranism)
- **related**: Icelandic Canadians, Faroe Islands, Faroese Americans, Norwegian Americans, Scandinavian Americans, Icelanders
- **native name**: Íslenskir Bandaríkjamenn
Estonian Americans

**Estonian Americans** () are Americans who are of Estonian ancestry, mainly descendants of people who left Estonia before and especially during World War II. According to the 2013 American Community Survey, there were over 27,000 Americans of full or partial Estonian descent, up from 26,762 in 1990.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Estonian Americans
<small>_Ameerika eestlased_</small>
- **pop**: **28,122** (2015)
- **popplace**: CaliforniaNew York (state), New YorkNew JerseyWashington (state), WashingtonFlorida
- **langs**: American English, Estonian language, Estonian
- **rels**: Protestantism, Protestant (Lutheranism, Lutheran), Deism
- **related**: Estonian Canadians, Finnish Americans
Faroese Americans

**Faroese Americans** are Americans of Faroese descent or Faroe Islands-born people who reside in the United States. The Faroe Islands are a group of eighteen islands between Iceland and Norway, and they are a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. There are approximately 50,000 Faroese people living in the Faroe Islands today. It is not known how many Faroese Americans there are.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Faroese Americans
- **langs**: English language, English, Faroese language, Faroese
- **related-c**: Danish people, Danes, Danish Americans, Demographics of Greenland, Greenlanders, Greenlandic Americans, Danish Canadians, Danish Australians, Scandinavian Americans, Norwegian Americans, European Americans
Monacan Americans

**Monacan Americans** are Americans born in or with ancestry from the principality of Monaco. It can also refer to people born in the United States residing in Monaco.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Monacan Americans
- **image**: Monaco USA Locator.svg
- **caption**: Location of the United States and Monaco
- **population**: **486**
(2000 estimate)
- **popplace**: Monaco, United States
- **langs**: English language, English, French language, French, Monégasque dialect, Monégasque
- **rels**: Christianity (predominant)
Kazakh Americans

**Kazakh Americans** are Americans of full or partial Kazakh ancestry. Although in the 1960s the population of Kazakh origin in United States was estimated in 3,000 people, the Census 2000 puts the population size in less of 300 people. According to the American Community Survey in 2010-2012 there were more than 23,000 people born in Kazakhstan, but not all of them are of Kazakh ethnicity.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Kazakhstani Americans
- **population**: **Less than 300** (Kazakh descent, 2000 US Census)
**24,636**  (born in Kazakhstan, 2014)
- **popplace**: New York (state), New York, Montana, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, Minnesota, Virginia, Alaska, Washington (state), Washington, Wyoming, Pennsylvania and Kansas
- **langs**: American EnglishKazakh language, KazakhRussian language, Russian
- **rels**: Sunni Islam, some Russian Orthodox
- **related-c**: Others Turkic peoples
Kashubian Americans

**Kashubian Americans** are Americans of Kashubian descent. The two earliest Kashubian American settlements in the United States were located around Winona, Minnesota, and Portage County, Wisconsin, which are across the Mississippi River from each other.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Kashubian Americans
- **population**: Less than **300**
- **popplace**: Midwestern United States, Midwest
- **langs**: American English, Kashubian language, Kashubian, Polish language, Polish
- **rels**: Christianity
Sorbian Americans

**Sorbian Americans** or **Wendish Americans** are Americans of Sorb/Wend descent. The largest community of Sorbs in the United States is in Texas, with a population of around 588 Sorbs/Wends.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Sorbian Americans
- **population**: 1,858
- **langs**: English language, English, Sorbian languages, Sorbian (Upper Sorbian language, Upper Sorbian, Lower Sorbian language, Lower Sorbian), German language, German
- **rels**: Christianity
- **related**: Czech Americans, Kashubian Americans, Polish Americans, Silesian Americans, Slovak Americans and other West Slavic peoples, West Slavic Americans
Liechtensteiner Americans

**Liechtensteiner Americans** are Americans of Liechtensteiner descent.

## History

The first Liechtensteiner emigrants of which have record emigrated in United States in the early 1830s. However, first great wave of Liechtensteiner emigrants arrived to the United States on April 7, 1851, settling in New Orleans; and in 1852 other group emigrated to Dubuque, Iowa (including stonemasons, bricklayers and carpenters). Eventually, many of the Liechtensteiner emigrants of Dubuque left the city and got farms nearby. However, the Liechtensteiner emigration was reduced during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Later, when the construction of railroads began "lying the country together and opening up the West", other Liechtensteiners emigrated to United States to work in the construction of railroads.

During the following decades, many other Liechtensteiners emigrated to places such as Guttenberg, Iowa and Wabash, Indiana. However, between 1885 and 1907, Liechtensteiner emigration slowed, limited to a few individuals and families. Less than 30 Liechtensteiners emigrated during that period to United States. Reducing migration was due to the large increase in economic activity from the establishment of first textile factories in the 1880s.

The First World War caused an economic crisis in Liechtenstein (which originated, among other things, because the Entente allies stopped the "import of raw materials" into the country and the "massive speculation by the national bank"), so the Liechtenstein emigration to United States was retaken. Most of the new Liechtensteiner emigrants settled in urban areas, especially in Chicago and Hammond, Indiana, but there were Liechtensteiners throughout the country.

After the Second World War, a few more Liechtensteiners emigrated to the United States, the largest number arriving in 1948, when fifteen individuals or families came to this country. The reduction of the Liechtenstein emigration was due to improvements in economic conditions of Liechtenstein.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Liechtensteiner Americans

- **total**: 1,244

- **total year**: 2000
- **langs**: American EnglishGerman language, German (Alemannic German)
- **rels**: Roman Catholicism
Cajuns

The **Cajuns**, also known as _Acadians_, are an ethnic group mainly living in the U.S. states of Louisiana and Texas, and in the Canadian maritime provinces consisting in part of the descendants of the original Acadian exiles-French-speakers from Acadia in what are now The Maritimes of Eastern Canada.

## Related pages

- Cajun cuisine

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Cajuns
_Cadiens_
- **flag**: Flag of Acadiana.svg
- **flag caption**: Since 1974, this Flag of Acadiana, flag has officially identified the Acadians who migrated to Louisiana.
- **pop**: 1.2 million (2002 estimate)
- **regions**: : 928,313
- **pop1**: 815,259
- **pop2**: 546,354
- **langs**: French (Louisiana French)
 English (Cajun English)
 Louisiana Creole
- **rels**: Christianity: Predominantly Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholicism
- **related**: Acadians, Métis people, Métis, French people, French, French Americans, French Canadians, Spaniards, Isleño, Spanish Americans,  Basque Americans, French-speaking Quebecer, Québécois, Louisiana Creole people, Louisiana Creoles, French Haitians
Uruguayan Americans

**Uruguayan Americans** (,  or ) are Americans of Uruguayan ancestry or birth. The American Community Survey of 2006 estimated the Uruguayan American population to number 50,538, a figure that notably increased a decade later.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **pop**: **60,013** (2018)
- **popplace**: Florida, California, New York (state), New York, Texas
- **langs**: American English, Spanish language, Spanish, Italian language, Italian, Riverense Portuñol language, Portuñol
- **rels**: Roman Catholicism, Atheism, Irreligion, Protestantism, Judaism
- **related**: Argentine Americans, other Latin Americans
Bolivian Americans

**Bolivian Americans** (,  or ) are Americans of at least partial Bolivian descent.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Bolivian Americans
- **pop**: **116,646** (2018)
0.04% of the U.S. population (2018)
- **rels**: Predominantly Roman Catholic, Protestant, Atheism, Atheist, Irreligion, Non religious
Costa Rican Americans

**Costa Rican Americans** () are Americans of at least partial Costa Rican descent.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **population**: **154,784**
0.05% of the U.S. population (2018)
- **popplace**: New York Metro Area, Los Angeles metropolitan area, Greater Los Angeles, South Florida
- **langs**: American English, Spanish language, Spanish
- **rels**: Predominantly Roman Catholic, minority Protestant
Nancy Kress

**Nancy Kress** (born January 20, 1948) is an American science fiction writer. She began writing in 1976. She has achieved her greatest notice since her Hugo and Nebula Award winning novella _Beggars in Spain_. The book, in 1993, became a novel.

Kress later won the Nebula Award for Best Novella for another book: _After the Fall, Before the Fall, During the Fall_ in 2013. She also won in 2015 for the book _Yesterday's Kin_.

Kress, in addition to her novels, has written a number of short stories. She is a regular columnist for _Writer's Digest_.

Kress was born in Buffalo, New York.
Ina Garten

**Ina Rosenberg Garten** (pronounced EYE-nuh; born February 2, 1948) is an American author and host of the Food Network show _Barefoot Contessa_. She was a staff member of the White House Office of Management and Budget. Garten has a number of best-selling cookbooks, magazine products and a popular Food Network television show.

Garten was born in Brooklyn, New York.

### Books

- _The Barefoot Contessa Cookbook_ (1999), Clarkson Potter,
- _Barefoot Contessa Parties! Ideas and Recipes For Easy Parties That Are Really Fun_ (2001)
- _Barefoot Contessa Family Style: Easy Ideas and Recipes That Make Everyone Feel Like Family_ (2002)
- _Barefoot in Paris: Easy French Food You Can Make at Home_ (2004)
- _Barefoot Contessa at Home: Everyday Recipes You'll Make Over and Over Again_ (2006)
- _Barefoot Contessa Back to Basics: Fabulous Flavor from Simple Ingredients_ Clarkson Potter. 2008. .
- _Barefoot Contessa: How Easy Is That?_ Clarkson Potter. 2010. .
- _Cooking for Jeffrey: A Barefoot Contessa Cookbook_ Clarkson Potter. 2016.

### Magazine columns

- "Entertaining is Fun!" (_Martha Stewart Living_ 1999–present)
- "Entertaining." (_O, The Oprah Magazine_ 2003–present)
- "Ask the Barefoot Contessa." (_House Beautiful_ 2006–present)

### Television

- _From Martha's Kitchen: Ina Garten's Kitchen Clambake_ (2000)
- _Barefoot Contessa_ (2002–present)
- _Chefography_ (2006-2010)
- _30 Rock_ (2010-2011)
2020 Nashville bombing

On December 25, 2020, a recreational vehicle (RV) exploded in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States, injuring three people and damaging many buildings.

Human remains were found at the site of the explosion. The explosion took place at 166 Second Avenue North between Church Street and Commerce Street at 6:30 am.

Many people heard gunshots, and loudspeakers on the vehicle telling people to evacuate before the explosion happened.

The explosion was felt many miles away from the crime site. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is leading the investigation.

Authorities said the next day that the attack was likely a suicide bombing. The FBI named a 63-year-old man as a person of interest in the investigation. The FBI searched his home in Nashville on December 26. However it was later confirmed that the perpetrator of the bombing, Anthony Quinn Warner, was killed in the explosion.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **id**: Q104511862
- **geomask**: Q23197
- **zoom**: 13


## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: 2020 Nashville bombing
- **location**: 166 Second Avenue North
Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **image**: SecondAvenueCommercialDistrictNashville.jpg
- **caption**: The bombing occurred on this block of the Second Avenue Commercial District.
- **time**: 6:30 am Central Time Zone, CST (12:30Coordinated Universal Time, UTC)
- **target**: Unknown
- **weapon**: Car bomb
- **fatalities**: 1 (the perpetrator)
- **injuries**: 8
- **type**: Suicide bombing
- **perpetrator**: Anthony Quinn Warner
- **motive**: Suicide driven by life stressors (Suspected)
Ned Wynn

**Ned Wynn** (April 27, 1941 – December 20, 2020) was an American actor and screenwriter. He was born in New York City. He played Alonzo in _The Absent-Minded Professor_ (1961) and _Son of Flubber_ (1963). He also played Luke in _Stagecoach_ (1966).

Wynn was the son of actor Keenan Wynn and grandson of Ed Wynn.

Wynn died on December 20, 2020 in Sonoma County, California from Parkinson's disease-related problems, aged 79.
William Magee (politician)

**William D. "Bill" Magee** (June 21, 1939 – December 24, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a  member of the New York State Assembly, who represented the 121st Assembly District from 1991 until 2018. He was born in Oneida, New York. He was also a businessman.

Magee died on December 24, 2020 in Nelson, New York at the age of 81.
Oneida, New York

**Oneida** () is a city in Madison County, New York.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Oneida, New York
- **settlement type**: Administrative divisions of New York (state)#City, City
- **image skyline**: MainStreetOneidaNy.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Oneida Main Street in a 1907 postcard
- **pushpin map**: New York
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of New York
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New York, County
- **subdivision name2**: Madison County, New York, Madison
- **government type**: mayor-council government, Mayor-Council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established title**: Chartered
- **established date**: 1901
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 57.33
- **area land km2**: 57.12
- **area water km2**: 0.21
- **area total sq mi**: 22.14
- **area land sq mi**: 22.05
- **area water sq mi**: 0.08
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 10329
- **population density km2**: 180.84
- **population density sq mi**: 468.37
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 131
- **elevation ft**: 430
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 13421
- **area code**: Area code 315, 315
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-053-54837
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0959363
- **native name lang**: one
Wampsville, New York

**Wampsville** is a village found inside the Town of Lenox in Madison County, New York. About 573 people lived here as of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Madison County.
Lenox, New York

**Lenox** is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. 8,768 lived here as of the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Lenox, New York
- **settlement type**: Administrative divisions of New York#Town, Town
- **pushpin map**: New York
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of New York
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New York, County
- **subdivision name2**: Madison County, New York, Madison
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 93.99
- **area land km2**: 93.93
- **area water km2**: 0.06
- **area total sq mi**: 36.29
- **area land sq mi**: 36.27
- **area water sq mi**: 0.02
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 8768
- **population density km2**: 93.35
- **population density sq mi**: 241.76
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 119
- **elevation ft**: 390
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-053-41905
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0979139
Nelson, New York

**Nelson** is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. About 1,890 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Nelson, New York
- **settlement type**: Administrative divisions of New York#Town, Town
- **image skyline**: US 20 wb in Nelson, NY, July 2023.jpg
- **image caption**: Hamlet of Nelson within the town along U.S. Route 20 in New York, US 20 westbound
- **pushpin map**: New York#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of New York
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: New York (state), New York
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New York, County
- **subdivision name2**: Madison County, New York, Madison
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 114.10
- **area land km2**: 111.52
- **area water km2**: 2.58
- **area total sq mi**: 44.06
- **area land sq mi**: 43.06
- **area water sq mi**: 1.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1890
- **population density km2**: 16.95
- **population density sq mi**: 43.89
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 458
- **elevation ft**: 1503
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 13035
- **area code**: Area code 315, 315
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 36-053-49770
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0979251
Amit Mitra

**Amit Mitra** (born 20 December 1947) is an Indian economist and politician. He is a member of the All India Trinamool Congress and the current Finance, Commerce & Industries Minister of the government of Indian state of West Bengal.

He is the current MLA in the West Bengal state assembly from the Khardaha state assembly constituency. He was awarded Padma Shri at 2007. He beat Asim Dasgupta, the ex-West Bengal Finance Minister  in the 2011 West Bengal state assembly election

He was the Secretary general of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Amit Mitra
- **image**: Amit Mitra - Kolkata 2011-08-02 4269.JPG
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **caption**: Mitra in 2011
- **birth place**: Calcutta, West Bengal, India
- **office**: Ministry of Information Technology and Electronics (West Bengal), Minister of Information Technology and Electronics & e-Governance
- **term start**: 2018
- **governor**: Keshari Nath Tripathi
Jagdeep Dhankhar
- **1blankname**: Chief Minister
- **1namedata**: Mamata Banerjee
- **predecessor**: Bratya Basu
- **office1**: Minister for Finance & Excise,Commerce & Industries
Government of West Bengal
- **term start1**: 2011
- **predecessor1**: Asim Dasgupta
- **governor1**: M. K. Narayanan
D. Y. Patil
Keshari Nath Tripathi
Jagdeep Dhankhar
- **office2**: West Bengal Legislative Assembly, Member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly
- **constituency2**: Khardaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency), Khardaha
- **term start2**: 2011
- **predecessor2**: Asim Dasgupta
- **nationality**: Indian people, Indian
- **party**: All India Trinamool Congress, Trinamool Congress
- **occupation**: Economist
Politician
- **relatives**: Bela Mitra (mother)
 Haridas Mitra (father)
- **spouse**: Meera Balakrishnan
- **children**: 1 daughter
- **awards**: Padma Shri (2007)
- **honorific prefix**: Honourable
Danny Hodge

**Daniel Allen Hodge** (May 13, 1932 – December 25, 2020) was an American wrestler and boxer. He was born and raised in Perry, Oklahoma. He was known for being able to crush apples with one hand. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Hodge died of Alzheimer's disease-related problems in Perry on December 25, 2020 at the age of 88.
Barry Lopez

**Barry Holstun Lopez** (January 6, 1945December 25, 2020) was an American writer. He won the National Book Award for Nonfiction for _Arctic Dreams_ (1986) and his _Of Wolves and Men_ (1978) was a National Book Award finalist.

Lopez died on December 25, 2020 from prostate cancer in Eugene, Oregon at the age of 75.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Barry Lopez
- **birth place**: Port Chester, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Eugene, Oregon
- **alma mater**: University of Notre Dame (B.A, M.A)
- **notable works**: _Of Wolves and Men_ (1978)
_Arctic Dreams_ (1986)
Gregorio Salvador Caja

**Gregorio Salvador Caja** (11 July 1927 – 26 December 2020) was a Spanish linguist. Salvador Caja was born in Cúllar, Granada, Spain. His works were about structural semantics. He wrote for the Spanish newspaper ABC. Salvador Caja was elected to the Real Academia Española on 5 June 1986.

Salvador Caja died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 93.
French Sailing Federation

The **French Sailing Federation** (**FFV**) () is the governing body of sailing in France.

## Other websites

- Official site
- ISAF MNA Microsite

## Infobox (sport governing body)

- **name**: French Sailing Federation
- **abbrev**: FFV
- **sport**: Sailing (sport), Sailing
- **location**: Paris
- **president**: Nicolas Hénard
- **secretary**: Sylvie Harlé
- **url**: http://www.ffvoile.org
Mike Sutton (footballer)

**Michael John Sutton** (5 October 1944 – 26 December 2020) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Norwich, England. His playing career lasted from 1962 to 1984. He played for Norwich City, Chester City, Carlisle United and Great Yarmouth Town.

Sutton died of dementia-related problems on 26 December 2020 at the age of 76.
Sunil Kothari

**Sunil Kothari** (20 December 1933 – 27 December 2020) was an Indian dance historian, scholar and critic. He was a professor at Ravindra Bharti University in Kolkata. He started his career with _The Times of India_. He also taught at Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics. In 2001, he was honored with the Padma Shri.

Kothari died on 27 December 2020 from cardiac arrest in Kolkata, one week after his 87th birthday.
Hector and the Search for Happiness (movie)

***Hector and the Search for Happiness*** is a 2014 comedy-drama movie directed by Peter Chelsom. It was based on François Lelord's book.

The movie stars Simon Pegg, Rosamund Pike, Toni Collette, Jean Reno, Stellan Skarsgård, Barry Atsma and Christopher Plummer with Togo Igawa.

The movie was released on 15 August 2014 to negative reviews and has a 37% on Rotten Tomatoes.
Barry Atsma

**Barry Atsma** (born 29 December 1972) is an English-born Dutch actor. Atsma played Michael in the 2014 comedy-drama _Hector and the Search for Happiness_ and Christie in the 2018 British television series _The Split_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Barry Atsma
- **image**: Barry-atsma.jpg
- **birth place**: Bromley, England
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1993, 2000–present
Nicolas Hénard

**Nicolas Hénard** (born 16 September 1964 in Calais) is a French skipper. He is the current president of the French Sailing Federation.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Nicolas Hénard
- **nationality**: French people, French
- **birth place**: Calais
- **years active**: 1980-1992
- **sport**: Sailing (sport), Sailing
Togo Igawa

, known professionally as , is a Japanese actor. He was born in Tokyo. Igawa is known for his roles in British movies. His career began in 1979.

Igawa is known for his roles in _Revolver_, _Memoirs of a Geisha_ and _The Last Samurai_. He also voiced Hiro in many _Thomas & Friends_ movies.
One Blackfriars

**One Blackfriars** is a skyscraper in London located at No. 1 Blackfriars Road in Bankside. It has 52 floors and 274 apartments, a hotel and retail shops. The building is  tall. It is also known as **The Vase** or **The Boomerang** due to its shape.

## Design

The shape was inspired by the shape of glass vase Lansetti designed by Timo Sarpaneva in 1952.

## Construction

Construction of the tower started in 2013. It includes 13 studio houses, 78 one bedroom houses, 120 two bedroom houses, 56 three bedroom houses, 6 four bedroom houses and 1 three apartment house. The tower was finished in 2019.
Peter Chelsom

**Peter Chelsom** (born 20 April 1956) is a British movie director, screenwriter, and actor. He has directed the movies _Hector and the Search for Happiness_, _Serendipity_, <nowiki/>and _Shall We Dance?_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Chelsom
- **birth place**: Blackpool, Lancashire, England
- **yearsactive**: 1979–present
- **occupation**: Director, screenwriter, actor
- **image**: Peter Chelsom on set a crop.jpg
- **caption**: Chelsom on set of _The Space Between Us_, summer 2015
- **homepage**: [http://www.peterchelsom.net www.peterchelsom.net]
- **spouse**: Lindsay McCracken Chelsom
- **children**: 3
Carlos Eduardo Cadoca

**Carlos Eduardo Cintra da Costa Pereira** (April 23, 1940 – December 13, 2020), better known as **Carlos Eduardo Cadoca** or simply **Cadoca**, was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in Recife, Pernambuco.

Cadoca was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement, Social Christian Party and the Communist Party.

Cadoca was a member of the Recife city council from 1983 to 1995. He later was a member of the Pernambuco Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 1999. From 1999 to 2019, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies.

On December 13, 2020, Cadoca died in Recife from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 80.
Aaron Ehasz

**Aaron Gabriel Ehasz** (born June 16, 1973) is an American television writer and producer. He is known for being the co-executive producer of _Avatar: The Last Airbender_ and the co-creator of the Netflix series _The Dragon Prince_.

In November 2019, Ehasz was accused of sexism while working for Netflix.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Aaron Ehasz
- **image**: Aaron Ehasz (8220584965) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Ehasz at the Peabody Award, 68th Annual Peabody Awards
- **birth name**: Aaron Gabriel Ehasz
- **birth place**: Maryland, United States
- **occupation**: Television writer, Writer, Television producer, Producer
- **yearsactive**: 2000–present
- **known for**: _Avatar: The Last Airbender_ <small>(Head writer and co-executive producer)</small>
_The Dragon Prince_ <small>(Co-creator)</small>
- **education**: Harvard College
 Stanford University Graduate School of Business
- **spouse**: Melanie McGanney
Elizabeth Welch (divorced)
- **relatives**: Alex Ehasz
Cooper pair

A **Cooper pair** is a pair of free electrons within a solid that act together as one quasiparticle. In large numbers they cause superconductivity.

Physicists explain superconductivity by describing what happens when temperatures get cold. The thermal energy in a solid or liquid shakes the atoms so they randomly vibrate, but this gets less as the temperature drops. Electrons carry the same negative electric charge which makes them repel each other. At higher temperatures each unbound electron behaves as if it were a free particle. There is a very weak attraction between electrons when they are in any solid or liquid. This is due to the way bound electrons distort the spacing of the atomic structure they find themselves in. At relatively rather large distances (many hundreds of nanometers apart) and low temperatures (near absolute zero), the attractive effect and lack of thermal energy allows pairs of electrons to hang together. This is called a cooper pair and it is a quasiparticle. It acts as if it were a new kind of particle in its own right even though it is made up of two fundamental electrons.

Many overlapping cooper pairs can exist in the same nanometer sized space. Since paired electrons constitute a boson the motions of all of the cooper pairs within a single superconductor synchronise.  They function as if they are a single entity. This is known as the Bose–Einstein condensation. The Cooper pairs  form this condensate, which is superfluid or super-conducting.  Small disturbances such as scattering of electrons are forbidden in this state  as long as the temperature remains low.  It moves as one showing no resistance to its motion. It is a superconductor.
Operculum

In fish, an **operculum** is a structure made of bone that covers and protects the gills.
Mohamed El Ouafa

**Mohamed El Ouafa** ( - 1948 – 27 December 2020) was a Moroccan politician. He was a member of Istiqlal Party. He was Minister of Education in  Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet from 2012 to 2013. Between 2000 and 2012 he was Ambassador to India, Iran and Brazil.

Ouafa died of COVID-19 on 27 December 2020 in Rabat, Morocco at the age of 72.
Yuichiro Hata

was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party of Japan. He was a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet from 1999 until his death. Hata was born in Tokyo.

He was the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism from June 4, 2012 until December 26, 2012 during the Yoshihiko Noda cabinet. Hata was the son of Prime Minister Tsutomu Hata.

Hata died in Tokyo on December 27, 2020 after being hospitalized with a fever, aged 53. He was about to be tested for COVID-19 at the time of his death.
Sergio Pintor

**Sergio Pintor** (16 November 1937 – 27 December 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was an Diocesan Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ozieri from 2006 to 2012. Pintor was born in Oristano, Italy. In 1961, he became a priest.

Pintor died on 27 December 2020 in Ozieri, Italy at the age of 83.
Carmen Calvo

**María del Carmen Calvo Poyato** (born 9 June 1957) is a Spanish politician and author. She became the Deputy Prime Minister of Spain in June 2018 and Minister of the Presidency, Relations with the Cortes and Equality in January 2020. Calvo is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party.

Calvo was born in Cabra, Spain. She studied at University of Seville and the University of Córdoba.

From 2004 until 2011, she was a member of the Congress of Deputies. In 2019, she was re-elected to the congress.

On 25 March 2020, Calvo tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. She made a recovery from the illness in May 2020.
Cabra, Spain

**Cabra** is a town in Córdoba province, Andalusia, Spain. About 20,940 lived here in 2005.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cabra
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Spain, Municipality
- **image skyline**: Collage de la ciudad de Cabra, Andalucía.png
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image caption**: **Top** (clockwise from left): Panoramic view of Cabra Castle (Castillo del Cabra), Cabra Assumption Church, **Second**:Alcántara Romero Park (Parque del Alcántara Romero), Cabra City Hall, **Third**:A Defensive wall, defensive wall in Cabra Castle, **Bottom**: :es:Fuente del Río, Fuente del Río (source of the Cabra River), Sierras Subbéticas Natural Park (:es:Parque Natural de las Sierras Subbéticas, Parque Natural de las Sierras Subbéticas)
- **image flag**: Bandera de Cabra (Córdoba).svg
- **image seal**: Escudo de Cabra (Córdoba).svg
- **pushpin map**: Spain
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Autonomous communities of Spain, Community
- **subdivision type2**: Provinces of Spain, Province
- **subdivision name2**: Province of Córdoba (Spain), Córdoba
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Fernando Priego
- **area total km2**: 229.2
- **population total**: 20,237
- **population as of**: January 1, 2021
- **population density km2**: 88.29
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +01:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 14940
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 14013
- **blank name sec2**: ISO 3166-2:ES, ISO 3166 code
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Alfonso Guerra

**Alfonso Guerra González** (born 31 May 1940) is a Spanish politician. From 1982 to 1991, he was Deputy Prime Minister of Spain.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Alfonso Guerra González
- **image**: Alfonso Guerra 2011.jpg
- **office1**: Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
- **primeminister1**: Felipe González
- **term start1**: 3 December 1982
- **term end1**: 15 January 1991
- **predecessor1**: Rodolfo Martín Villa
- **successor1**: Narcís Serra
- **office2**: Member of the Congress of Deputies (Spain), Congress of Deputies
- **term start2**: 15 June 1977
- **term end2**: 14 January 2015
- **constituency2**: Seville (Spanish Congress Electoral District), Seville
- **birth name**: Alfonso Guerra González
- **birth place**: Seville, Spain
- **party**: Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, PSOE
- **alma mater**: University of Seville