juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Martin Eric Ain

**Martin Eric Ain** (**Martin Stricker**; July 18, 1967 – October 21, 2017) was an American-born Swiss bass guitarist and songwriter. He was born in the United States. He was best known for being the former bassist of the influential extreme metal band Celtic Frost. He used the stage name Martin Eric Ain throughout his career in Celtic Frost.

Ain died on October 21, 2017 following a heart attack in Zürich, Switzerland, aged 50.

## Other websites

- Interview with Martin Eric Ain , _Broward-Palm Beach New Times_, 2006-10-19
- "Metal Israel Exclusive Kinda Interview with Martin Eric Ain"
Julian May

**Julian Clare May** (July 10, 1931 – October 17, 2017) was an American science fiction, fantasy, horror, science and children's writer. She had used several literary pseudonyms. She was best known for her _Saga of Pliocene Exile_ (_Saga of the Exiles_ in the United Kingdom), beginning with _The Many-Colored Land_ and _Galactic Milieu Series_ books. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.

May was married to author T. E. Dikty from 1953 until his death in 1991.

In August 2015, she was inducted into the First Fandom Hall of Fame in a ceremony at the 73rd World Science Fiction Convention.

May died on October 17, 2017 in Mercer Island, Washington at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Biography
Mercer Island, Washington

**Mercer Island** is a city in King County, Washington, United States located on an island of the same name in the southern portion of Lake Washington. Mercer Island is in the Seattle metropolitan area, with Seattle located to its west and Bellevue located to its east.

Mercer Island is connected to the mainland on either side via bridges carrying Interstate 90.

The population was 25,748 at the 2020 census.  This makes Mercer Island the most populated island in a lake within the United States.

## Other websites

- Mercer Island Reporter Local newspaper
George Saunders

**George Saunders** (born December 2, 1958) is an American writer of short stories, essays, novellas, children's books, and a novel. His writing has appeared in _The New Yorker_, _Harper's_, _McSweeney's_, and _GQ_. He also contributed a weekly column, _American Psyche_, to the weekend magazine of _The Guardian_ between 2006 and 2008.

## Awards

His story collection _In Persuasion Nation_ was a finalist for the Story Prize in 2007. In 2013, he won the PEN/Malamud Award and was a finalist for the National Book Award. Saunders's _Tenth of December: Stories_ won the 2013 Story Prize for short-story collections and the inaugural (2014) Folio Prize. His novel _Lincoln in the Bardo_ won the 2017 Man Booker Prize.

## Other websites

- "George Saunders Has Written the Best Book You'll Read This Year", Joel Lovell, _The New York Times Magazine_, January 3, 2013
- 2014 George Saunders interview with Jon Niccum, _Kansas City Star_
- 10 Free Stories by George Saunders Available on the Web

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: George Saunders
- **image**: George Saunders by David Shankbone.jpg
- **image size**: 200x300px
- **caption**: Saunders in September 2007
- **birth place**: Amarillo, Texas, Amarillo, Texas, U.S.
- **language**: English
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **period**: 1986–present
- **spouse**: Paula Redick
Kübler-Ross model

**Elisabeth Kübler-Ross** (July 8, 1926 – August 24, 2004) was a Swiss-American psychiatrist.

The **Kübler-Ross model**, or the **five stages of grief**, is a theory about the feelings of people who are dying.  The five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

The five stages came from Elisabeth Kübler-Ross' 1969 book _On Death and Dying_.

## Other websites

- On Death and Dying, by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
Japanophile

A **Japanophile** is someone with **Japanophilia**, or someone with a strong interest in or love of Japanese people, culture, and history. This term even has a Japanese equivalent, _shinnichi_ (kanji:親日, hiragana: しんにち) which literally translates to "pro-Japanese".
Area code 710

**Area code 710** is the area code used by the United States Government. It is part of the North American Numbering Plan.
Stan Kowalski

**Stan Kowalski** (May 13, 1926 – October 20, 2017) was an American professional wrestler. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He was one half of the tag team Murder Incorporated with partner Tiny Mills in the American Wrestling Association (AWA) from 1960 to 1975.

## Career

Kowalski turned to professional wrestling, debuting as Buddy Marco for a NWA promotion run by Tony Stecher.

In 1970, he went to New York to wrestle in the World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) as Krippler Karl Kovacs. In Pennsylvania, Kowalski and Bruno Sammartino set a record attendance and gate of $86,000.

## Personal life

Kowalski died of complications from Alzheimer's disease on October 20, 2017 in Minneapolis at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- The Biography of Minnesotan Wrestler Stan Kowalski
Dick Beyer

**Richard John "Dick" Beyer** (July 11, 1930 – March 7, 2019) was an American retired professional wrestler who was best known by his ring names, **The Destroyer** or **Doctor X**.

Beyer was born in New York City. He studied at Syracuse University.

eyer began as a "babyface" wrestler in the mid-1950s. His career as a "masked" wrestler, The Destroyer, began in 1962 in Los Angeles. He used the “figure-four-leg-lock” on his way to the Worldwide Wrestling Associates (WWA) championship on July 27, 1962.

Beyer went into semi-retirement in 1984. From 1984-95, Beyer taught physical education in the Akron, New York Central School District, where he also coached football, wrestling and swimming.

On November 4, 2017, it was announced that Beyer would be awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays, by the Japanese government for "a lifetime spent promoting goodwill and bi-cultural exchanges between Japan and the United States".

Beyer died on March 7, 2019 in Akron, New York, aged 88.

## Other websites

- "THE DESTROYER"
Pampero Firpo

**Juan Kachmanian** (April 6, 1930 – January 9, 2020), better known as **Pampero Firpo**, was an Argentine-American professional wrestler of Armenian descent.

## Career

An early pioneer of hardcore wrestling, Kachmanian usually wrestled as a heel, although he would go on to have a run as a face after being fireballed by The Sheik. Other notable feuds in his career would include Nick Bockwinkel, Alberto Madril and Apollo Jalisco.

### Titles

Among the titles he held in his career were the NWA World Tag Team Championship (Texas version), the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship (Detroit version), the NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship and the NWA Hawaii Heavyweight Championship, as well as being the inaugural holder of the NWA Americas Heavyweight Championship.

### Moves

Using the bear hug and the El Garfio as his signature moves, Kachmanian popularized the drawn-out catchphrase 'ohhh yeah!' which would later become associated with Randy Savage. He retired in 1986 and then worked for the United States Postal Service in San Jose, California.

## Death

Firpo died on January 9, 2020 in San Jose, California at the age of 89.

## Other websites

- Online World of Wrestling profile

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **name**: Pampero Firpo
- **birth name**: Juan Kachmanian
- **image**: The Half-beast Man - Chicago Professional Wrestling - 26 April 1969 04 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Firpo in April 1969
- **names**: Pampero Firpo
Ervan the Armenian
Ivan the Terrible
The Missing Link
The Great Pampero
Wild Bull of the Pampas
- **height**: 5"8
- **weight**: 230 lbs
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: San Jose, California, U.S.
- **billed**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **trainer**: Rudy Dusek
- **debut**: 1953
- **retired**: 1986
Bill Mercer

**William Alfred "Bill" Mercer** (February 13, 1926 – March 22, 2025) was an American sportscaster, educator and author. He was born in Muskogee, Oklahoma. In 2002, he was honored into the Texas Radio Hall of Fame. Mercer was best known for doing the play-by-play announcing for World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) from 1982 to 1987.

Mercer was also a radio announcer for baseball, football, basketball and wrestling.  He was also a news reporter for Dallas, Texas, television station KRLD, covering the John F. Kennedy assassination in 1963.  He and fellow reporters George Phenix, Wes Wise and Bob Huffaker wrote, _When the News Went Live,_ about their experiences during that time.

In his 60-year career, Mercer did the play-by-play broadcasting for some minor league teams: First, the Muskogee Giants of the Class C Western Association, then the Dallas Rangers (Triple A baseball) from 1959–64, and the Dallas-Fort Worth Spurs (Texas League baseball) from 1965 to 1971.  He then moved up to broadcast for major league baseball's Texas Rangers (major league baseball) in 1972 (with Don Drysdale) and Chicago White Sox in 1974.

Mercer retired to Durham, North Carolina after a long residence in Richardson, Texas. He died on March 22, 2025 at the age of 99.
Railbus

The rail bus train can be found in many different countries, they are known as the pacer or the cooker trains in the United Kingdom due to the loud noises and how hot the air was in the trains.

They were made to respond to the outcry for more trains than buses, while saving money with a cheap design. They used the bodywork and engine of a bus and placed them on a train chassis.
M1917 Browning machine gun

The **M1917 Browning machine gun** is a .30-06 Springfield machine gun created by John Browning. It was used in World War I and in World War II. It is a heavy machine gun that weighed around 100 pounds with the tripod and 42 pounds without it.

It is a water-cooled machine gun, which allowed it to fire for a long period of time without it overheating. The water-cooling tank made it much heavier. During World War II, M1917 was mostly replaced by the M1919 because it was lighter and let soldiers move more quickly, but the M1917 was still used often.
Spanish Golden Age

"El Siglo de Oro," literally "the century of gold," was the Golden Age of Spain. It was a period of flowering in Spanish art and literature. It happened at about the same time that the Spanish Habsburg dynasty ruled the country. El Siglo de Oro does not have precise dates and is generally considered to have lasted more than a century. It began no earlier than 1492, with the end of Reconquista (Reconquest), Christopher Columbus's first sea voyage to the New World, and the publication of _Gramática de la lengua castellana_ by Antonio de Navarre. Politically, it ended no later than 1659, with the Treaty of the Pyrenees  which was ratified between France and Hapsburg Spain. The last great writer of the period, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, died in 1681, and his death is generally considered the end of El Siglo de Oro in art and literature.
Diorite

**Diorite** ( /ˈdaɪ.əˌraɪt/) is a melted rock that has cooled made mostly of the silicate minerals (materials made of silicon and oxygen). Diorite is  between  basalt and granite. Diorite is usually grey to dark-grey in color, but it can also be black or bluish-grey, and often has a greenish cast. It is distinguished from gabbro (basalt) because the material in diorite has more sodium and less calcium. Diorite may have small amounts of quartz, microcline, and olivine. Tiny amounts of muscovite may also be found.  If there is a lot of quartz it makes the rock type _quartz-diorite_ (>5% quartz) or tonalite (>20% quartz).

Diorite has an often speckled texture of coarse grain size.

Diorites may be associated with either granite or basalt intrusions, into which they may merge. Diorite results from the partial melting of a rock above the area where two tectonic plates merge under each other. It is commonly produced in volcanic arcs, and in cordilleran mountain building, such as in the Andes Mountains, as large batholiths. The extrusive volcanic equivalent rock type is andesite.

## Occurrence

Diorite is a relatively rare rock. It is found in Leicestershire (one name for microdiorite—markfieldite—exists due to the rock's being found in the village of Markfield) and Aberdeenshire, UK; Guernsey; Sondrio, Italy; Thuringia and Saxony in Germany; Finland; Romania; Northeastern Turkey; central Sweden; the Darrans range of New Zealand; the Andes Mountains.

An orbicular variety found in Corsica is called corsite.
Hugo van der Goes

**Hugo van der Goes** (about 1435 – 1482) was a famous painter of the late 15th century He was probably born in Ghent, Belgium. He painted altarpieces and portraits. He painted his masterpiece, the _Portinari Tryptich_ for a church in Florence. The painting shows the _Adoration of the Shepherds_, a story from the Gospel of Luke about the shepherds who visited the baby Jesus on the night he was born. The painting influenced other artists of the Italian Renaissance because of its realistic style.

Van der Goes became mentally ill on a visit to Cologne, Germany  in 1481. On his way home, he tried to kill himself. His friends took him to a monastery in Belgium to recover from his illness, but he died in Auderghem a few weeks later.
Parenthesome

**Parenthesomes** or  **septal pore caps**  are special parts of the cells of fungi. In many cases they look like parentheses. Their function  has not yet been studied fully. They do not always look the same, and their appearance is useful for differentiating between different species of fungi
Changqing Subdistrict

**Changqing Subdistrict** () is a subdistrict in Hefei, Anhui, China.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Changqing Subdistrict
- **native name**: 常青街道
- **native name lang**: zh
- **pushpin map**: China
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in China
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: China
- **subdivision type1**: Province of China, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Anhui
- **subdivision type2**: Prefecture-level city, Prefecture
- **subdivision name2**: Hefei
- **subdivision type3**: County (People's Republic of China), District
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: China Standard Time, China Standard
- **utc offset1**: +8
A Different World

***A Different World*** was an American teen/young adult sitcom. The series was created by Bill Cosby and Debbie Allen. The series was of the Hillman College, a fictional HBCU college in Virginia. The show aired on NBC.

The show was aired from September 24, 1987 to July 9, 1993.

There were many actors on the show, like Lisa Bonet, Jasmine Guy, Kadeem Hardison Marisa Tomei, Cree Summer, Dawnn Lewis, Ajai Sanders, Loretta Devine, Keshia Knight Pulliam and Jada Pinkett.

The show looked at strong topics, like epidemiology of HIV/AIDS, the Equal Rights Amendment, race and class relations.

In season 2, it came to the attention of Bill Cosby and the producers that the show wasn't truly looking at a historically black college. That's when Debbie Allen was hired as the chief creative force to revamp the series.
Jeanne Brousse

**Jeanne Brousse** (maiden name: **Maurier**; April 12, 1921 – October 19, 2017) was a French resistance member. She was born in Saint-Pierre-de-Curtille in the Savoie region of France.

Jeanne Brousse was a member of the French Resistance during World War II. In 1973 she was awarded the title of a Righteous Among The Nations. In 1981, Brousse was one of the founding members of the French chapter of the association of the Righteous Among The Nations. In 1987, she joined the French Yad Vashem committee, of which she remained the Vice President for several years.

In 2005, Jeanne Brousse was awarded the Legion of Honour.

Brousse died on 19 October 2017 in Annecy, France at the age of 96.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jeanne Brousse
- **image**: Jeanne Maurier (Brousse) circa 1942.png
- **alt**: Jeanne in 1942
- **birth name**: Maurier
- **birth place**: Saint-Pierre-de-Curtille, France
- **death place**: Annecy, France
- **nationality**: French
- **known for**: Righteous Among The Nations
Walter Lassally

**Walter Lassally** (18 December 1926 – 23 October 2017) was a German-born British-Greek cinematographer. He won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography in 1964 for the movie _Zorba the Greek_. He was born in Berlin. He moved to England in 1939. He was closely worked with the Free cinema movement in the 1950s, and the British New Wave in the early 1960s.

Lassally died on October 23, 2017 at a hospital in Crete, Greece from complications of surgery at the age of 90.

## Other websites

- Walter Lassally telling his life story at Web of Stories (video)
George Young (rock musician)

**George Redburn Young** (6 November 194622 October 2017) was a Scottish-born Australian musician, songwriter and record producer. He was a member of the 1960s Australian rock band the Easybeats, and with bandmate Harry Vanda he was a co-writer of the international hits "Friday on My Mind" and "Love Is in the Air", the latter recorded by John Paul Young (no relation). Vanda & Young were also the producers of some work by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC, formed by his younger brothers Malcolm and Angus Young.

Young died on 22 October 2017 in Australia, aged 70. His brother, Malcolm, died a few weeks later on November 18, 2017.

## Other websites

- Albert Music: Easybeats Facts

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: George Young
- **image**: George Young 1968.png
- **caption**: on VARA TV, 13 August 1968
- **birth name**: George Redburn Young
- **birth place**: Glasgow, Scotland
- **origin**: Sydney, Australia
- **instrument**: Guitar, bass guitar, piano
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock
- **years active**: 1964–1992 (as musician)
- **associated acts**: The Easybeats, Marcus Hook Roll Band, AC/DC, Flash and the Pan
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter, record producer
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
Al Hurricane

**Alberto Nelson Sanchez** (July 10, 1936 – October 22, 2017), known professionally as **Al Hurricane**, was an American singer-songwriter. He was dubbed "The Godfather" of New Mexico music. He released more than thirty albums, and was best known for his works to New Mexico’s unique style of Spanish music.

His signature look, which included an eye-patch, was due to an automobile accident that occurred during the 1960s.

Sanchez died of complications from prostate cancer on October 22, 2017 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, at the age of 81.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Al Hurricane
- **image**: Al Hurricane pointingtowards the crowd (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Hurricane performing in 2014
- **birth name**: Alberto Nelson Sanchez
- **birth place**: Dixon, New Mexico, U.S.
- **death place**: Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.
- **genre**: New Mexico music, Latin music (genre), Latin music, rock music, Norteño (music), Norteño, Ranchera, Country music, Country Western music (North America), Western, rock and roll, rockabilly, Corrido, Cumbia
- **instrument**: Vocals, Guitar (Gibson ES-335, Gibson 335, Gibson ES-137, 137, Gibson ES-335#Other, 347), Saxophone, Piano
- **years active**: 1962–2017
- **label**: Hurricane Records, Atlantis Records, EMI Capitol Records, Capitol, Discos Musart
Jasmine Guy

**Jasmine Guy** (born March 10, 1962) is an American actress, director, singer, dancer and model.  She is best known for playing Whitley Marion Gilbert in the 1987-93 sitcom NBC sitcom _A Different World_. She also played Erica in Disney Channel's _K.C. Undercover_.

For her work, Guy was nominated for and won 4 NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series from 1990 to 1993.

Guy was born in Boston, but raised in Atlanta.

Sources differ on Guy's birthdate. Some sources say she was born in 1962. Other sources mention 1964.

## Filmography

- _Cats Don't Dance_ (1997) ... Sawyer Cat (voice)
- _Looney Tunes: Back in Action_ (2003) ... Sawyer Cat (voice)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer
- **label**: Warner Bros. Records, Warner Bros.


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jasmine Guy
- **image**: Jasmine Guy.jpg
- **caption**: Guy, 2010.
- **birth place**: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **alma mater**: North Atlanta High School
- **yearsactive**: 1982–present
- **known for**: List of A Different World characters, Whitley Marion Gilbert–Wayne – _A Different World (TV series), A Different World_
 Roxy Harvey – _Dead Like Me_
- **children**: 1
- **awards**: NAACP Image Award – (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993) NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series, Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series (_A Different World_)
Tony Richardson

**Cecil Antonio** "**Tony**" **Richardson** (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English theatre and movie director and producer. His career lasted for fifty years. In 1964 he won the Academy Award for Best Director for the movie _Tom Jones_.  He also directed _The Loved One_, during which he worked with established stars including John Gielgud, Rod Steiger and Robert Morse.

He helped pay for the escape of a Wormwood Scrubs prison-imprisoned spy and double agent George Blake in 1966.

## Other websites

- BFI: Tony Richardson

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Tony Richardson
- **birth name**: Cecil Antonio Richardson
- **birth place**: Shipley, West Yorkshire, Shipley, West Riding of Yorkshire, England
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1952–1991
- **children**: 3, including Natasha Richardson, Natasha and Joely Richardson
- **relatives**: Daisy Bevan (granddaughter)
Al-Qaryatayn massacre

The **Al-Qaryatayn massacre** was a massacre of 128 civilians in the Syrian city of Al-Qaryatayn between its capture by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in 1 October 2017, and its recapture by the Syrian army in 21 October 2017. The victims were indiscriminately executed for being accused of cooperating with the Syrian government.
Paul J. Weitz

**Paul Joseph Weitz** (July 25, 1932 – October 23, 2017) was an American naval officer and aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and former NASA astronaut.

Weitz flew into space twice. He was a member of the three-man crew who flew on Skylab 2, the first manned Skylab mission. He was also Commander of the STS-6 mission, the first of the Space Shuttle _Challenger_ flights.

Weitz died on October 23, 2017 in Flagstaff, Arizona from myelodysplastic syndrome at the age of 85.

## Other websites

- Astronautix biography of Paul J. Weitz
- Spacefacts biography of Paul J. Weitz
- Weitz at Spaceacts
- Weitz at Encyclopedia of Science

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **name**: Paul J. Weitz
- **other names**: Paul Joseph Weitz
- **image**: Paul_Weitz.jpg
- **type**: NASA Astronaut
- **nationality**: American
- **birth place**: Erie, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **death place**: Flagstaff, Arizona, U.S.
- **occupation**: Naval aviator, test pilot
- **alma mater**: Pennsylvania State University, Penn State, B.S. 1954
Naval Postgraduate School, NPS, M.S. 1964
- **rank**:  Captain (naval), Captain, United States Navy, USN
- **selection**: List of astronauts by selection#1966, 1966 NASA Group 5
- **eva1**: 1
- **eva2**: 1 hour 36 minutes
- **time**: 33d 01h 13m
- **mission**: Skylab 2, STS-6
- **insignia**:
- **date of ret**: May 1994
- **awards**:
Guion Bluford

**Guion Stewart Bluford Jr.**, Ph.D. (born November 22, 1942), (Col, USAF, Ret.), is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut.

Bluford was the first African American in space. Before becoming an astronaut, he was an officer in the U.S. Air Force, where he remained while assigned to NASA, rising to the rank of Colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter _Challenger_ on the mission STS-8.

## Other websites

- Guion "Guy" Bluford _Penn State African American Chronicles_ profile and interview
- Guy Bluford interviewed on _Conversations from Penn State_

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **name**: Guion Bluford
- **birth name**: Guion Stewart Bluford Jr.
- **type**: NASA Astronaut
- **image**: Guion Bluford.jpg
- **nationality**: American
- **status**: Retired
- **birth place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **occupation**: Fighter pilot, engineer
- **alma mater**: Pennsylvania State University, Penn State, B.S. 1964
Air Force Institute of Technology, AFIT, M.S. 1974, Ph.D. 1978
University of Houston–Clear Lake, UHCL, MBA 1987
- **rank**: Colonel, United States Air Force, USAF
- **selection**: List of astronauts by selection#1978, 1978 NASA Group 8
- **time**: 28d 16h 33m
- **mission**: STS-8, STS-61-A , STS-39, STS-53
- **insignia**:
Dhanteras

**Dhanteras** (Hindi: धनतेरस), also known as **Dhanatrayodashi** () or **Dhanvantari Trayodashi**, is the first day of the festival of Diwali in India and the festival of Tihar in Nepal.

Dhanteras is celebrated on the thirteenth lunar day of Krishna Paksha ("dark fortnight" in the moon's cycle) in the Vikram Samvat Hindu calendar month of Ashwin. Dhanvantari, who is also worshipped on Dhanteras, is the god of Ayurveda who brought and shared the wisdom of Ayurveda for the betterment of mankind and to bring relief from the suffering of disease with Ayurvedic remedies.

The Indian ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy), announced its decision to observe Dhanteras as the “National Ayurveda Day.” This day was first observed on October 28, 2016.

## Infobox (holiday)

- **type**: Hindu
- **longtype**: Religious, India and Nepal
- **image**: Godofayurveda.jpg
- **caption**: Dhanwantari
- **observedby**: Hindus
- **begins**: Paksha, Krishna Trayodashi
- **date2015**: 09 November
- **date2016**: 28 October
- **date2017**: 17 October
- **celebrations**: 1 day
- **frequency**: Annual
The New Mutants (movie)

***The New Mutants*** is a 2020 American superhero  horror movie. It is the thirteenth film of the X-Men film series and it was released on August 28, 2020. The movie is directed by Josh Boone. It stars Anya Taylor-Joy, Maisie Williams, Charlie Heaton, Henry Zaga, Blu Hunt, and Alice Braga.

## Infobox (movie)

- **based on**: New Mutants
by Chris Claremont
Bob McLeod
- **cinematography**: Peter Deming
- **country**: United States
- **director**: Josh Boone
- **distributor**: 20th Century Studios
- **language**: English
- **name**: The New Mutants
- **producer**: Simon Kinberg
Karen Rosenfelt
Lauren Shuler Donner
- **runtime**: 94 minutes
- **screenplay**: Josh Boone
Knate Lee
- **starring**: Anya Taylor-Joy
Maisie Williams
Charlie Heaton
Henry Zaga
Blu Hunt
Alice Braga
- **studio**: Marvel Entertainment
Kinberg Genre
The Donners' Company
TSG Entertainment
Wilhelm Ostwald

**Wilhelm Ostwald** (23 September 1853 - 4 April 1932) was a Latvian-German chemist born in Riga, Latvia, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

He is known to have studied in the Riga State Gymnasium No.1.

His parents are Elizabeth Leuckel and Gottfried Wilhelm Ostwald. His son is Wolfgang Ostwald.
Wilhelm Ostwald was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 and it is Latvia's only Nobel prize. Although he was a German chemist, he was born in Latvia so the Nobel prize went to Latvia.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Wilhelm Ostwald
- **image**: Wilhelm Ostwald by Nicola Perscheid.jpg
- **caption**: Wilhelm Ostwald by Nicola Perscheid
- **birth name**: Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald
- **birth place**: Riga, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire (now Latvia)
- **nationality**: Baltic German by birth. Prussian, Germans, German (after 1871)
- **death place**: Großbothen near Leipzig, Weimar Republic, Germany
- **field**: Chemistry, Physical chemistry
- **work institution**: University of Dorpat
Riga Polytechnicum
University of Leipzig
- **alma mater**: University of Dorpat
- **doctoral advisor**: Carl Schmidt (chemist), Carl Schmidt
- **doctoral students**: Arthur Amos Noyes
Georg Bredig
 Paul Walden
Frederick George Donnan
- **known for**: Catalysis
Mole (unit), Coining the term 'Mole'
HSL and HSV
Liesegang rings (geology), Liesegang rings
Ostwald dilution law
Ostwald process
Ostwald ripening
Ostwald's rule
viscometer, Ostwald viscometer
Pipette, Ostwald-Folin Pipette
Ostwald–Freundlich equation
- **prizes**: Faraday Lectureship Prize (1904)
Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1909)
Ugo Fangareggi

**Ugo Fangareggi** (30 January 1938 – 20 October 2017) was an Italian actor and voice actor. He was born in Genoa, Italy. He was best known for the role of Mangold in Mario Monicelli's _The Incredible Army of Brancaleone_.

Fangareggi died of Parkinson's disease at the age of 79.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ugo Fangareggi
- **image**: 4 marmittoni alle grandi manovre 11.png
- **caption**: in _4 marmittoni alle grandi manovre_, 1974
- **birth place**: Genoa, Italy
- **death date**: (aged 79)
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **occupation**: actor
Langenhagen

**Langenhagen** is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **name**: Langenhagen
- **image coa**: DEU Langenhagen COA.svg
- **image plan**: Langenhagen in H.svg
- **state**: Niedersachsen
- **district**: Hanover
- **elevation**: 51
- **area**: 71.99
- **population**: 51004
- **stand**: 2006-06-30
- **postal code**: 30851, 30853
30855, 30839
- **area code**: 0511
- **licence**: H
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 03 2 41 010
- **divisions**: 6 districts
- **website**: http://www.langenhagen.de
- **mayor**: Friedhelm Fischer
- **party**: SPD
ESPCI Paris

**ESPCI Paris** (officially the **École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la Ville de Paris**; _The City of Paris Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Educational Institution_) is a engineering graduate school in France. It is a constituent school of the University PSL (Northern France).

Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
- _Ingénieur ESPCI Paris_ (ESPCI Paris Graduate engineer Masters level program)
- PhD doctorate studies
- Master of Science
- Massive Online Open Course.

Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ESPCI Paris.

## Research labs

Research activities at ESPCI relate to the following topics:
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Biology
- Biotechnology

## Notable graduate

- Marie Curie, first woman to win a Nobel Prize

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris
- **image**: ESPCI ParisTech, 23 June 2011.jpg
- **established**: 1882
- **type**: Public, Graduate engineering school
- **city**: Paris
- **country**: France
- **affiliations**: PSL Research University
- **website**: http://www.espci.fr
Mustafa Adrisi

General **Mustafa Adrisi** ( – 28 July 2013) was Vice President of Uganda. He served from 1977 to 1978 and was one of President Idi Amin's closest allies. In 1978, after Adrisi was injured in a suspicious auto accident, troops loyal to him decided to rebel. Amin sent soldiers against the rebelling people, some of whom had fled across the Tanzanian border. This led to the Uganda–Tanzania War.

In the late 1990s, Mustafa Adrisi was living quietly in Arua, West Nile, in a house provided by the Ugandan government, and had recently gone back to complete his primary school certificate. He died in 2013.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mustafa Adrisi
- **office**: Vice President of Uganda
- **term start**: January 1977
- **term end**: November 1978
- **president**: Idi Amin
- **predecessor**: John Babiiha
- **successor**: Paulo Muwanga
Ambert

**Ambert** is a _commune_ in the Puy-de-Dôme department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central-southern France.

It is a subprefecture of the department and the capital of the _arrondissement_ of Ambert.

## Geography

Ambert is in the southeast of the Puy-de-Dôme department, at  to the south of Thiers,  to the east of Issoire and  to the southeast of Clermont-Ferrand.

The _commune_ is in the plain of Ambert, surrounded by mountains: the _Monts du Forez_ to the east and the _Monts du Livradois_ to the west. The town is along the Dore, a tributary of the Allier river.

Ambert has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The distances from Clermont-Ferrand to other cities are:
- Paris, the national capital - ;
- Lyon, the regional capital - ;
- Bordeaux - ;
- Marseille - ;
- Montpellier - ;
- Nantes - ;
- Nice - ;
- Strasbourg - ;
- Toulouse - .

Ambert is surrounded by the _communes_:

### Climate

The climate of Ambert, in the Köppen climate classification, is **Cfb** - Oceanic climate with template summers.

## Population

The inhabitants of Ambert are known, in French, as _Ambertois_ (women: _Ambertoises_).

With a population of 6,794, Ambert has a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

**Evolution of the population in Ambert**

## Administration

Ambert is a subprefecture of the Puy-de-Dôme department. It is also the capital of the _arrondissement_ of Ambert and the administrative centre () of the canton of Ambert, formed 30 _communes_, including Ambert, with 18,178 inhabitants <small>(2014)</small>.

It is part of the intercommunality _Ambert Livradois Forez_.

### Sister cities

Ambert is twinned with:
- Annweiler, Germany, since 1988
- Saitama, Japan, since 1989
- Gorgonzola, Italy, since 2002.

## Related pages

- Arrondissements of the Puy-de-Dôme department
- Communes of the Puy-de-Dôme department

## Other websites

- City council website
- Office of tourism website

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Ambert
- **commune status**: Subprefectures in France, Subprefecture and Communes of France, commune
- **image**: Ambert JPG01.jpg
- **caption**: Town hall (originally the grain market)
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Ambert (Puy-de-Dôme).svg
- **arrondissement**: Ambert
- **canton**: Ambert
- **mayor**: Myriam Fougère
- **term**: 2014–2020
- **elevation m**: 527
- **elevation min m**: 514
- **elevation max m**: 1365
- **area km2**: 60.48
- **population**: 6794
- **population date**: 2014
- **intercommunality**: Ambert Livradois Forez
- **insee**: 63003
- **postal code**: 63600
- **website**: [http://www.ville-ambert.fr/ www.ville-ambert.fr]
Dianbu, Anhui

**Dianbu** () is a town in and the seat of Feidong County in the eastern suburbs of Hefei, the capital of Anhui province, People's Republic of China.

## Subdivisions

There are multiple several subdivisions;
- Qingqing District, Hefei (青春社区)
- Zhennan, Hefei (镇南社区)
- Zhenxi, Hefei (镇西社区)
- Zhenbei, Hefei(镇北社区社区)
- Huayuan, Hefei (花园社区)
- Duihe, Hefei(对河社区)
- Paitou, Hefei(排头社区)
- Dingguang, Hefei (定光社区)
- Tangyang, Hefei (唐杨社区)
- Guangtai, Hefei (光大社区)
- Xishanyi, Hefei (西山驿社区)
- Beitang, Hefei (陂塘社区)
- Shuangqiao, Hefei (双桥社区)
- Zhongxin, Hefei (中心社区)
- Anhe, Hefei (安乐村)
- Tanglinhuizumanzu Village (塘林回族满族村)
- Huatanming, Hefei (花滩民族村)
- Mahan, Hefei(马厂村)
- Longxi, Hefei(龙西村)
- Anji, Hefei(昂集村)
- Jianshe, Hefei(建设村)
- Yangwang, Hefei (杨王村)
- Hepu, Hefei(合浦村)
- Pangdian, Hefei (半店村)
- Qunli, Hefei (群力村)
- Da'an, Hefei (大安村)
- Zhaogang, Hefei (赵岗村)
- Yangba, Hefei (杨坝村)
- Sangyuanheyixin, Hefei (桑园村和一心村

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Dianbu
- **native name**: 店埠镇
- **native name lang**: zh-cn
- **settlement type**: Town (China), Town
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: People's Republic of China
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the People's Republic of China, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Anhui
- **subdivision type2**: Prefecture-level city
- **subdivision name2**: Hefei
- **subdivision type3**: Counties of the People's Republic of China, County
- **subdivision name3**: Feidong
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **elevation m**: 19
- **elevation ft**: 62
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: China Standard Time, China Standard
- **utc offset1**: +8
- **postal code type**: List of postal codes in China, Postal code
- **postal code**: 231600
- **area code**: 0551
Topaz Solar Farm

**Topaz Solar Farm** is located near San Luis Obispo, California.  It is one of the biggest solar farms in the world.
I. V. Sasi

**Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran** (28 March 1948 – 24 October 2017), better known as **I. V. Sasi**, (മലയാളം: ഐ.വി. ശശി) was an Indian movie director. He made over 150 movies in various Indian languages and genres. He was known for his Malayalam movies of the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, although he directed a few Tamil and Hindi movies as well.

In 2015, he was awarded the J. C. Daniel Award, the highest award in Malayalam cinema.

Sasi died at his home in Saligramam, Chennai on 24 October 2017 at the age of 69 at 10:30 am, due to a massive heart attack.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: I. V. Sasi
- **image**: IV Sasi 62nd Filmfare Awards South (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Sasi at the 62nd Filmfare Awards South
- **birth name**: Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran
- **birth place**: Calicut, Malabar District, Madras State, India (present day Kerala, India)
- **death place**: Saligramam, Chennai, India
- **othername**: Sasi
- **occupation**: Movie director
- **children**: Anu, Ani
Girija Devi

**Girija Devi** (8 May 1929 – 24 October 2017) was an Indian classical singer of the Seniya and Banaras gharanas. She performed classical and light classical music and helped elevate the profile of thumri.

## Early career

Devi agreed to not perform privately for others, but gave her first public concert in Bihar in 1951. She worked as a faculty member of the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Kolkata in the 1980s and of the Banaras Hindu University during the early 1990s, and taught several students to preserve her musical heritage. Devi often toured and continued to perform in 2009.

## Musical career

Devi sang in the Banaras gharana and performed the _purabi ang_ _thumri_ style typical of the tradition, whose status she helped elevate.

## Death

Devi died on 24 October 2017 of cardiac arrest at the age of 88.

## Awards

- Padma Shri (1972)
- Padma Bhushan (1989)
- Padma Vibhushan (2016)
- Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1977)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Girija Devi
- **background**: solo_singer
- **image**: Girija_Devi_at_Bhopal_(1).JPG
- **caption**: Devi performing in Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal (July 2015)
- **birth place**: Varanasi, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, United Provinces, British India
- **death date**: 24 October 2017 (aged 88)
- **genre**: Hindustani classical music
- **instrument**: vocal
- **years active**: 1949–2017
Glenn Barr

**Albert Glenn Barr** OBE (19 March 1942 – 24 October 2017) was a Northern Irish politician. He was born in Derry, Northern Ireland.

Barr was an activist of Ulster nationalism. For a time during the 1970s he straddled both Unionism and Loyalism due to simultaneously holding important positions in the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party and the Ulster Defence Association.

Barr died ￼at Altnagelvin hospital on 24 October 2017 at the age of 75.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **allegiance**: Ulster Defence Association
- **serviceyears**: 1971–1975
- **rank**: Brigadier
- **commands**: North-West Brigade
- **battles**: The Troubles
- **battles label**: Conflict


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Glenn Barr
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, OBE
- **image**: Glenn Barr.jpg
- **birth name**: Albert Glenn Barr
- **birth place**: Derry, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
- **death place**: Derry, Northern Ireland
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **nationality**: United Kingdom, British
- **years active**: 1969-2017
- **organization**: Ulster Workers' Council
- **known for**: Politician, loyalist activist, community worker
- **notable works**: _Beyond the Religious Divide_ (co-author)
- **title**: Joint Deputy Leader of the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party
- **term**: 1975–1978
- **predecessor**: Ernest Baird
- **successor**: none
- **party**: Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party
Ebrahim Ashtiani

**Ebrahim Ashtiani** (Persian: ابراهیم اشتیانی; January 4, 1942 – October 24, 2017) was an Iranian football player. He played for the Iran national football team and spent most of his career at Persepolis.

His son Ardalan is also a professional football player.

After the retirement of Persepolis captains Jafar Kashani and Homayoun Behzadi, Ashtiani became captain of the club when he was only 28 making him the youngest captain of Persepolis, a record that was broken by Alireza Haghighi in 2010. He retired in the summer of 1976 at the age of 30.

Ashtiani won the Asian Cup in Thailand in 1972 as well as the football tournament of the 1974 Asian Games in Tehran. He made 35 appearances for the Iran national football team from 1969 to 1974.

Ashtiani died in Tehran of heart disease on 24 October 2017 at the age of 75.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ebrahim Ashtiani
- **image**: Ebrahim Ashtiani 2.jpg
- **image size**: 240
- **fullname**: Ebrahim Ashtiani
- **height**: 1.72 m
- **birth place**: Tehran, Iran
- **death place**: Tehran, Iran
- **position**: Defender (football), Defender
- **youthyears1**: 1961–1965
- **youthclubs1**: Shahin F.C., Shahin
- **years1**: 1964–1968
- **years2**: 1968–1976
- **years3**: 1969–1970
- **clubs1**: Shahin F.C., Shahin
- **clubs2**: Persepolis F.C., Persepolis
- **clubs3**: → Paykan F.C., Paykan (loan)
- **caps1**: 59
- **goals1**: 5
- **caps2**: 147
- **goals2**: 11
- **caps3**: 21
- **goals3**: 3
- **totalcaps**: 227
- **totalgoals**: 19
- **nationalyears1**: 1968–1974
- **nationalteam1**: Iran national football team, Iran
- **nationalcaps1**: 35
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
Agave deserti

The **desert agave** (_Agave deserti_) is an agave, which is a type of plant. It is found in deserts in southern California, Arizona, and Baja California.
Robert Campin

**Robert Campin** (c. 1375 – 26 April 1444) was a famous Flemish painter. He is also known as **The Master of Flémalle**. He painted altarpieces and portraits. Campin was a very successful painter. He made a lot of money and owned several houses in Tournai. For thirty years he was the most famous painter in Tournai. He had a large workshop where many painters worked for him. Campin's best known work is the _Mérode Altarpiece_. He painted it between 1425 and 1428.

No one knows where Campin was born. By 1406 he was a master painter in Tournai. By 1419 he had a large workshop there. Many cities and churches in Flanders bought his paintings. He was married to Ysabel de Stocquain. They had no children. In 1432 he had an affair with Laurence Polette. He was taken to court for this and banished (sent away) from Tournai for one year. Margaret of Burgundy admired his work. She convinced the court to let him pay a fine instead of banishment. Campin died in Tournai in 1444.
Leviathan (book)

***Leviathan***  is a famous book by Thomas Hobbes. Its full name is ***Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil***. Hobbes wrote the book in 1651. The name of the book comes from a sea monster called "Leviathan" in the Book of Job (one of the books in the Old Testament of the Bible).  In _Leviathan_, Hobbes writes about the structure of society and what makes a good government. It was a very early book on social contract theory. It influenced many other writers. He also wrote a version of the book in Latin in 1668. In this book, Hobbes argues for the power of government to avoid conflict with "the state of nature".

## Other websites

- A copy of the complete book published in 1651
Queue

A **queue** is a line of items.

Queue might also refer to:

- Queue area, where people wait in a queue, or line
- Queue (hairstyle), a Manchurian pigtail
- Queue (abstract data type), a data structure used in computer science, modeled on the real-world queue
- Queue (unit), a French liquid measure, used for wine and spirits.
La Noche Triste

**La Noche Triste** (Spanish for "The Sad Night") was a famous battle between the Spanish conquistadors and the Aztecs, a native people of Mexico. The battle took place on the shores of Lake Texcoco near the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan in the night between June 30 and July 1, 1520.

The Spanish side, led by Hernán Cortés, had 600 to 1000 Spanish soldiers and 20,000 native Mexican allies. The Aztecs, led by Cuitláhuac (the son of Moctezuma II), had 50,000 soldiers. The Aztec soldiers won the battle. They made the Spanish army leave their city. The Spanish army lost almost all their equipment and the gold they took from Tenochtitlan.  Between 400 and 800 Spanish soldiers were killed or captured. Between 2,000 and 4,000 native Mexican allies of the Spanish were killed or captured. The Aztecs lost about 1,000 soldiers.

Local enemies of the Aztecs rescued the survivors. They organized a bigger army, returned, and attacked in 1521, causing the Fall of Tenochtitlan
Additional Member System

The **Additional Member System** is an electoral system used to produce a more proportional result than Plurality voting, also known as First Past The Post. It is sometimes referred to as Mixed Member Proportional but these two electoral systems have different ways of allocating list seats. The term additional member system is almost only used in the United Kingdom but has been used to describe Italy's Electoral system from 1993 to 2005.

### Method of voting

In the Additional Member System the voter has two votes ; one vote goes to an local representative or multiple representatives from a geographical electoral district. This is commonly referred as a constituency vote. The other vote goes to a political party. This is commonly referred as a list vote and is to represent the voter in a wider region.

### Calculation

Firstly, the Constituency vote is counted: the votes are counted and the candidate with the most votes, even if the candidate did not reach a majority, wins the seat.

Next, each party's Member Score is calculated using a formula:

_V = Party List Vote_

_S = Seat already won_

Once the party's member score is calculated the list seats are given to each political party using the D'hondt formula.

## Example

In this Hypothetical Example there is 100,000 voters and there are: 3 political Parties, 10 total Seats (6 constituency seats and 4 list seats).

|rowspan="2"|Party|colspan="3"|Constituency|colspan="3"|Party List|rowspan="2"|Total Seats|rowspan="2"|Total Seat Share|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Party X|43,000|43%|4|45,000|45%|1|5|50%||
|Party Y|36,000|36%|2|36,000|36%|1|3|30%||
|Party Z|21,000|21%|0|19,000|19%|2|2|20%||

### List seats calculation

|Party|Votes|Member Score|/1|/2|/3|/4|Seats Allocated|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Party X|45,000|9,000|**9,000**|4,500|3,000|2,250|1|
|Party Y|36,000|12,000|**12,000**|6,000|4,000|3,000|1|
|Party z|19,000|19,000|**19,000**|**9,500**|6,333|4,750|2|

## Current usage

- The London Assembly
- The Scottish Parliament
- The Welsh Assembly