juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Stevie at the Beach

***Stevie at the Beach*** is the fourth album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder released on the Tamla (Motown) label on June 23, 1964. He wouldn't release another album until _Up-Tight_ which was released in 1966, two years later.

## Track listing

1. "Castles in the Sand" (Hal Davis, Marc Gordon, Mary O'Brien, Frank Wilson) - 2:11
1. "Ebb Tide" (Robert Maxwell, Carl Sigman) - 1:45
1. "Sad Boy" (Dorsey Burnette, Gerald Nelson) - 2:28
1. "Red Sails in the Sunset" (Hugh Williams) - 2:01
1. "The Beachcomber" (Stevie Wonder) - 1:46
1. "Castles in the Sand (Instrumental)" (Davis, Gordon, O'Brien, Wilson) - 1:52
1. "Happy Street" (George Everette Hemric, Jule Styne) - 2:19
1. "The Party at the Beach House" (Frank Wilson) - 2:03
1. "Hey Harmonica Man" (Marty Cooper, Lou Josie) - 2:38
1. "Beachstomp" (Hal Davis,  Frank Wilson) - 2:38
1. "Beyond the Sea" (Charles Trenet, Jack Lawrence) - 2:46

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Stevie at the Beach
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Stevie Wonder
- **released**: June 22, 1964
- **recorded**: 1963–64
- **label**: Motown, Tamla
- **length**: 24:27
- **prev title**: With a Song in My Heart (Stevie Wonder album), With a Song in My Heart
(1963)
- **next title**: Up-Tight
(1966)
Arden Hayes

**Arden Hayes** (born January 30, 2008) is a middle school student from Southern California, United States. Because of his great knowledge of American presidents, he became famous at the age of five, in addition to reciting Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and being able to identify the countries of the worlds and their capitals.

His interest in  American presidents, started when he was learning about who was born on his birthday, and he realized that he was born the same day that Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

On July 2, 2013, Arden appeared on _Jimmy Kimmel Live!_ to demonstrate his knowledge of the U.S. presidents. On November 5, 2013, Arden appeared again on _Jimmy Kimmel Live!_, and this time showed his knowledge of the countries of the world and their capitals, in addition to decline a free Sony Xperia Tablet Z because he preferred to wait until Christmas to receive an Apple iPad. He appeared on _Jimmy Kimmel Live!_ for third time on April 2, 2014, to show his knowledge of the  elements in the periodic table.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Arden Hayes
- **birth place**: Southern California, California, U.S.
- **parents**: Casey and Lynn Hayes
Ernst Fuchs

**Ernst Fuchs** (February 13, 1930 – November 9, 2015) was an Austrian painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, architect, stage designer, composer, poet, and singer. He was born in Vienna. He was one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism. In 1972, he bought the Otto Wagner Villa in Hütteldorf, which he restored and transformed. The villa was inaugurated as the Ernst Fuchs Museum in 1988.

Fuchs died at the age of 85 on November 9, 2015 in Vienna.
Tommy Hanson

**Thomas J. "Tommy" Hanson Jr.** (August 28, 1986 – November 9, 2015) was an American professional baseball pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Atlanta Braves and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. Hanson made his MLB debut with Atlanta that season, and played with the Braves through 2012. He pitched his final season in 2013 with the Angels, who had acquired him in a trade.

On November 9, 2015, Hanson was reported to be in a coma with "catastrophic organ failure." He died at Piedmont Hospital in Atlanta later that night at the age of 29.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Tommy Hanson
- **image**: MG 4626 Tommy Hanson (re-cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Hanson with the Atlanta Braves in 2009
- **position**: Starting pitcher
- **birth place**: Tulsa, Oklahoma
- **death place**: Atlanta, Georgia
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: June 7
- **debutyear**: 2009
- **debutteam**: Atlanta Braves
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: September 28
- **finalyear**: 2013
- **finalteam**: Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Win–loss record (pitching), Win–loss record
- **stat1value**: 49–35
- **stat2label**: Earned run average
- **stat2value**: 3.80
- **stat3label**: Strikeouts
- **stat3value**: 648
- **teams**: * Atlanta Braves (–)
* Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim ()
Pat Eddery

**Patrick James John "Pat" Eddery** (18 March 1952 – 10 November 2015) was an Irish flat racing jockey and horse trainer. He was born in Newbridge, County Kildare.

He rode three winners of the Epsom Derby, and was Champion Jockey eleven times. He is co-holder of the record for most wins in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. He rode the winners of 4,632 British flat races, a figure passed only by Sir Gordon Richards.

Eddery died on 10 November 2015 from cirrhosis, aged 63. He had long battled alcoholism.

## Infobox (equestrian)

- **name**: Pat Eddery
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, OBE
- **image**: Golden Fleece.jpg
- **alt**: Image of Eddery on a bay horse
- **caption**: Eddery in 1982
- **full name**: Patrick James John Eddery
- **nationality**: Irish
- **discipline**: Horse racing
- **birth place**: Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland
- **death place**: Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England
- **horse**: Polygamy, Grundy, Scintillate, Detroit, Storm Bird, Kings Lake, Golden Fleece, Assert, Lomond, El Gran Senor, Rainbow Quest, Dancing Brave, Moon Madness, Warning, Zafonic, Quest for Fame, Toulon, Moonax, Bosra Sham, Lady Carla, Silver Patriarch
Laurent Vidal

**Laurent Vidal** (18 February 1984 – 10 November 2015) was a French professional triathlete, three time French Champion (2009, 2011 and 2012) and two time Olympian. In Beijing 2008 he placed 36th while he took the 5th place in London 2012. He was born in Sete.

On 10 November 2015, Vidal died at the age of 31 after a heart attack in Gigean.
André Glucksmann

**André Glucksmann** (; 19 June 1937 – 10 November 2015) was a French philosopher, activist and writer. He was a member of the French new philosophers.

## Early life

Glucksmann was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France to a Jewish family. He studied at the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud in Lyon, France.

## Career

Glucksmann became well-known during the 1970s for his support of the Vietnamese boat people. He was an outspoken critic of Nazism and communism.

Later in life, he was known for his views and beliefs of the September 11 attacks. He wrote a book about how god had nothing to do with the 9/11 attacks called _Dostoyevsky in Manhattan_. Glucksmann supported military action in Afghanistan and Iraq. He was highly critical of Russian foreign policy, supporting a call for Chechen independence.

In August 2008 he co-signed an open letter with Václav Havel, Desmond Tutu, and Wei Jingsheng calling upon the Chinese authorities to respect human rights both during and after the Beijing Olympic Games.

## Death

Glucksmann died of cancer on 10 November 2015 in Paris, France, aged 78.

## Other websites

- Philosopher André Glucksmann: A Dark Vision of the Future of Europe

## Infobox (philosopher)

- **region**: Western philosophy
- **era**: 20th-century philosophy
21st-century philosophy
- **image**: André Glucksmann (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: André Glucksmann in January 2012
- **name**: André Glucksmann
- **birth place**: Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **school tradition**: Continental philosophy
New Philosophers, Nouveaux Philosophes
Samantha Cristoforetti

**Samantha Cristoforetti** (born April 26, 1977) is an Italian European Space Agency astronaut, Italian Air Force pilot an engineer. She is the first Italian woman in space and until 2017, held the record for the woman with most time spent in space with 199 days and 16 hours. This record is now held by Christina Koch. Cristoforetti is also the first person in prepare an espresso in space.

## Biography

Cristoforetti was born in Milan in 1977. She spent her childhood in Malè, Val di Sole, Trentino, Italy. When she was 18, she took a US foreign exchange program and attended Space Camp.

On July 3, 2012, the European Space Agency assigned to Cristoforetti a long-duration mission to the ISS in 2014.

## Other websites

- ESA biography
- Samantha Cristoforetti at ESA website.

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **name**: Samantha Cristoforetti
- **image**: Samantha Cristoforetti portrait.jpg
- **type**: Italian Space Agency, ASI/ESA Astronaut
- **nationality**: Italy, Italian
- **status**: Active
- **birth place**: Milan, Italy
- **current occupation**: Astronaut
- **rank**: Captain, Italian Air Force
- **time**: 199d 16h 42m
- **selection**: 2009 ESA Group
- **mission**: Soyuz TMA-15M (Expedition 42/43)
- **insignia**:
Appellate court

An **appellate court**, commonly called an ***appeals court***, ***court of appeals*** (American English), ***appeal court*** (British English), ***court of second instance*** or ***second instance court***, is any court of law that hears an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In most jurisdictions, the court system is divided into at least three levels. The trial court, which initially hears cases and reviews evidence and testimony to determine the facts of the case. There is at least one intermediate appellate court. The top level is a supreme court (or court of last resort) which primarily reviews the decisions of the intermediate courts. A jurisdiction's supreme court is that jurisdiction's highest appellate court. Appellate courts nationwide can operate by varying rules.

The authority of appellate courts to review decisions of lower courts varies widely from one jurisdiction to another. In some places, the appellate court has limited powers of review.  "Generally speaking, an appellate court's judgment provides 'the final directive of the appeals courts as to the matter appealed, setting out with specificity the court's determination that the action appealed from should be affirmed, reversed, remanded or modified'".
Tim Valentine

**Itimous Thaddeus "Tim" Valentine, Jr.** (March 15, 1926 – November 10, 2015), generally known as **Tim Valentine**, was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from North Carolina from 1983 to 1995.

He was in the United States Air Force from 1944 to 1946.

Valentine died at his home in Rocky Mount, North Carolina on November 10, 2015 from heart failure at the age of 89.

## Other websites

- U.S. Congress Biographical Directory entry
- NC Spin profile

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Tim Valentine.jpg
- **name**: Tim Valentine
- **birth place**: Rocky Mount, North Carolina, Rocky Mount, North Carolina, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Rocky Mount, North Carolina, U.S.
- **state**: North Carolina
- **district**: North Carolina's 2nd congressional district, 2nd
- **term start**: January 3, 1983
- **term end**: January 3, 1995
- **preceded**: Lawrence H. Fountain
- **succeeded**: David Funderburk
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
Photograph (Ed Sheeran song)

"**Photograph**" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran for his second studio album, _x_ (2014). Sheeran co-wrote the song with Snow Patrol member Johnny McDaid.

"Photograph" served as the fifth and final single from the album. It reached the top five on the main singles charts in more than five countries. In the US, where it peaked at number ten, "Photograph" became the third single from the album to have reached within the top ten. In the UK, it reached number 15 and has since been certified platinum for sales of 600,000 units. The single has also been certified double platinum in Australia and Canada, and platinum in New Zealand.

The single's release on 11 May 2015 followed the premiere of the music video on 9 May 2015.

## Background

Ed Sheeran wrote "Photograph" in May 2012 with Johnny McDaid, musician and background singer of the Irish band Snow Patrol. Sheeran toured with the band as a support act in some North American dates. McDaid had a three-note piano loop that became the basis of "Photograph". The song was created when Sheeran, while in a hotel room in Kansas City, was humming "loving can hurt, loving can hurt" to the loop that was playing on McDaid's laptop. Sheeran said: "I started humming, and then [McDaid] put a beat behind it."

## Lawsuit

On 9 June 2016, it was reported that Sheeran was being sued by songwriters Martin Harrington and Thomas Leonard, writers of Matt Cardle's 2011 single "Amazing", for $20 million for copyright infringement. The lawsuit says: "Given the striking similarity between the chorus of Amazing and Photograph, (the) defendants knew when writing, publishing, recording, releasing, and distributing Photograph that they were infringing on a pre-existing musical composition." The lawsuit was privately settled in April 2017.

In March 2022, while in court for a separate lawsuit over his song "Shape of You", Sheeran said that he settled the "Photograph" complaint on the advice of his lawyers, as the case was "more trouble than it was worth".

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Photograph
- **artist**: Ed Sheeran
- **album**: x (Ed Sheeran album), x
- **written**: Snow Patrol,Johnny McDaid
Line of Actual Control

The **Line of Actual Control** (LAC) is the effective border between India and China. The LAC is 4,057-km long and traverses three areas of northern Indian states: western (Ladakh, Kashmir), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh) and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh). Quote: "India is used to incursions by Chinese troops across the 3488-km LAC in all the three sectors—western (Ladakh), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh) and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh)— in a bid to strengthen China's claim over disputed areas and ensure New Delhi does not change its Tibet policy."

Chinese Prime Minister Zhou Enlai used the phrase in a letter addressed to Indian Prime Minister **Nehru** dated October 24, 1959. In a letter dated November 7, Zhou told Nehru that the LAC consisted of "the so-called McMahon Line in the east and the line up to which each side exercises actual control in the west". During the Sino-Indian War (1962), Nehru claimed not to know where the line was: "There is no sense or meaning in the Chinese offer to withdraw twenty kilometers from what they call 'line of actual control'. What is this 'line of control'? Is this the line they have created by aggression since the beginning of September? Advancing forty or sixty kilometers by blatant military aggression and offering to withdraw twenty kilometers provided both sides do this is a deceptive device which can fool nobody."  It should be noted that these incursions were in response to India's "forward policy" in which India began to contest areas controlled by China, including some that were not included in the McMahon Line.
Wrongful death claim

**Wrongful death** is a claim  against a person who may be held liable for another person's death. A wrongful death lawsuits may be based on claims of negligence, misconduct, or a criminal act such as murder.

If the person accused of causing a wrongful death is charged with a crime, the wrongful death lawsuit may be filed after a criminal trial. It is possible to win a wrongful death lawsuit even if the person is acquitted of a crime that caused the death, because even though both trials may use the same evidence a wrongful death case has a lower standard of proof.

The claim is brought in a civil action, usually by close relatives, based on tort laws. Common law did not allow for wrongful deatlh lawsuits, as the right to bring a wrongful death claim belonged to the deceased person and died along with that person. In the United States, state and federal laws now allow for wrongful death cases in all U.S.jurisdictions.

## Damages

In law, damages are an award of  compensation, usually of money, paid to a person who has suffered a loss or injury. Damages for wrongful death may include:

- Loss of future earnings
- Loss of Benefits
- Loss of companionship
- Pain, suffering and/or mental anguish
- medical bills, funeral costs

Some states also allow recovery of punitive damages, an additional award that is intended to reform or deter the defendant and others from doing the same thing again. When available, punitive damages are normally awarded only for the most extreme cases, involving gross negligence, recklessness or intentional acts that result in death.
Up-Tight

***Up Tight*** (also known as ***Up-Tight Everything's Alright***) is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder. It was released on May 4, 1966 by Tamla. The album reached No.33 on the Billboard Pop Album charts and No.2 on the R&B Albums charts. The album has the popular hit "Uptight (Everything's Alright)".

## Track listing

1. "Love a Go Go" (Beth Beatty, Ernie Shelby) - 2:46
1. "Hold Me" (Morris Broadnax, Clarence Paul, Wonder) - 2:36
1. "Blowin' in the Wind" (Bob Dylan) - 3:46
<small>(additional vocals by Clarence Paul)</small>
1. "Nothing's Too Good for My Baby" (Henry Cosby, Sylvia Moy, William Stevenson) - 2:39
1. "Teach Me Tonight" (Sammy Cahn, Gene De Paul) - 2:39
<small>(additional vocals by The Four Tops)</small>
1. "Uptight (Everything's Alright)" (Wonder, Moy, Cosby) - 2:54
1. "Ain't That Asking for Trouble" (Moy, Paul, Wonder) - 2:49
1. "I Want My Baby Back" (Harvey Fuqua, Cornelius Grant, Eddie Kendricks, Norman Whitfield) - 2:49
1. "Pretty Little Angel" (Paul, Mike Valvano, Wonder) - 2:12
1. "Music Talk" (Ted Hull, Paul, Wonder) - 2:52
1. "Contract on Love" (Janie Bradford, Lamont Dozier, Brian Holland) - 2:06
1. "With a Child's Heart" (Vicky Basemore, Cosby, Moy) - 3:08

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Up Tight
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Stevie Wonder
- **released**: May 4, 1966
- **recorded**: 1965-66
- **length**: 33:16
- **label**: Motown, Tamla
- **prev title**: Stevie at the Beach
 (1964)
- **next title**: Down to Earth (Stevie Wonder album), Down to Earth
 (1966)
Penza Oblast

**Penza Oblast** (, _Penzenskaya oblast_) is a  administrative division of Russia.

## Geography

Penza Oblast has over 3000 rivers; the overall length is 15,458 km. In the waters of the Oblast, there are about 50 species of fish.

## History

The regional center of Penza was built in 1663 as a Russian fortress.

## Economy

Penza Oblast is a part of the Volga economic region.

## People

Population of this oblast: 1,386,186 (2010).

Ethnic composition (2010):
- Russians - 86.8%
- Tatars - 6.4%
- others - 6.8%

### Notable people

- Aristarkh Lentulov, avant-garde artist
- Mikhail Lermontov, poet, writer, dramaturge, painter and officer.
- Victor Skumin, philosopher, writer, psychologist, psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and medical doctor.

## Related pages

- Russia

## Other websites

- People born in Penza Oblast

## Infobox (russian federal subject)

- **en name**: Penza Oblast
- **ru name**: Пензенская область
- **image map**: Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Penza Oblast.svg
- **image coa**: Coat of arms of Penza Oblast.svg
- **coa caption**: Coat of arms of Penza Oblast
- **image flag**: Flag of Penza Oblast.svg
- **flag caption**: Flag of Penza Oblast
- **anthem**: _Anthem of Penza Oblast_
- holiday
- holiday_ref
- **political status**: Oblast
- **political status link**: Oblasts of Russia
- **federal district**: Volga Federal District, Volga
- **economic region**: Volga economic region, Volga
- **adm ctr type**: Administrative center
- **adm ctr name**: Penza
Legal liability

**Legal liability** is the legal responsibility a person has for their actions. It includes the responsibility to compensate another person for any harm or damages caused to them. Legal liability includes lawful obligations required by civil actions or torts. It can also include terms set by a contract, taxes, or fines given by government agencies.

To win a civil lawsuit the plaintiff must prove the defendant's legal liability. This requires proving the defendant failed to act in some way that caused harm to the plaintiff. To succeed the plaintiff must also show the connection of how a failure to act caused him or her injury or harm.
Alaska Purchase

Alaska was originally part of the Russian Empire. In 1867, the Russian Empire sold the territory to the United States. This is known as the **Alaska Purchase**.
Insular Celtic languages

**Insular Celtic languages** are the six Celtic languages that originated in the British Isles. All surviving Celtic languages are from the Insular Celtic group; the Continental Celtic languages (the other group) are now extinct. The six Insular Celtic languages of modern times can be divided into 2 groups:
- The Goidelic languages: Irish, Manx, and Scottish Gaelic They are also called "Q-Celtic" because of the use of a Q sound (spelled with a C or a K).
- The Brittonic languages: Breton, Cornish, and Welsh (another language, Cumbric, is extinct). Brittonic Celtic is also called "P-Celtic" because of the use of the letter P.
By the 4th century BC most people in the British Isles spoke a Celtic language. When the Irish abbot and missionary Columba met the Pictish king Bruide they needed a translator. Columba spoke Q-Celtic while the Picts spoke P-Celtic.
Idiophone

An **idiophone** is a type of musical instrument that makes sound from the material of the instrument itself. They do not use reeds, strings or resonators. Most percussion instruments that are not drums are idiophones. Idiophones make their sound by hitting, rubbing or shaking. Drums are not idiophones. Neither are stringed instruments. Examples of idiophones include the triangle, wood block, maracas, bell, and gong.
Underwater Observatory Marine Park Eilat

**Underwater Observatory Marine Park Eilat** () is a park, conservation centre and aquarium in Eilat, Israel. It also has an underwater observatory in the Red Sea. It is located at the south of Eilat's Coral Beach Nature Reserve.  It was founded in 1974 and was the first of its kind in Israel. It is the biggest public aquarium in Israel, and it has over 800 species.

## Other websites

- Coral World

## Infobox (zoo)

- **zoo name**: Coral World Underwater Observatory, Eilat
- **image**: PikiWiki Israel 8126 underwater observatory in eilat.jpg
- **image width**: 250px
- **image caption**: The Underwater Observatory, with the glass-bottom boat
- **date opened**: 1974
- **location**: Eilat, Israel
- **num animals**: 20,000
- **num species**: 850
- **members**: Coral World International
- **exhibits**: Underwater observatory, Shark World, Rare Fish exhibit, Coral 2000, Amazon Hut, Red sea circular exhibit, Sea turtle exhibit
Phil Taylor (musician)

**Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor** (21 September 1954 – 11 November 2015) was a English rock drummer in the British heavy metal band Motörhead from 1975–1984 and 1987-1992 recording ten studio albums and the live album _No Sleep 'til Hammersmith_. The classic mark IV Motörhead line-up consisted of Lemmy, Philthy Animal Taylor and Fast Eddie Clarke.

Taylor died in London of liver failure on 11 November 2015 at the age of 61.

### Motörhead

- _On Parole_ (1975/1979)
- _Motörhead_ (1977)
- _Overkill_ (1979)
- _Bomber_ (1979)
- _Ace of Spades_ (1980)
- _No Sleep 'til Hammersmith_ (1981)
- _Iron Fist_ (1982)
- _Another Perfect Day_ (1983)
- _Rock 'n' Roll_ (1987)
- _1916_ (1991)
- _March ör Die_ (1992)

### Other recordings

- _The Muggers_ (album) _The Muggers Tapes_ Live recording from a brief spell of about 4 gigs Phil drummed with Fast Eddie Clarke on guitar, John 'Speedy' Keen, also on guitar, and Billy Wrath on bass. The album was released as a 'bonus' to a 'Best of Motorhead' release.
- _Philthy Phil & Fast Eddie (album) Naughty Old Santa's Christmas Classics_ (1989)
- _GMT One By One_ 12" single (1989)
- _GMT War Games_ CD release of same tracks + one other (1991)
- _The Deviants Have Left The Planet_ (album) drummed with Ladbroke Grove pals Mick Farren on vocals, Larry Wallis on guitar, etc. (1999)
- _Sheep In Wolves' Clothing_ Motorheadbangers fan club tribute CD. The Deviants Mick Farren vocals, Andy Colquhoun, guitar, David Ito, bass and Philthy, drums; re-recorded the Motorhead / Farren song 'Lost Johnny' for the CD - released 7 April 2008.

### Other appearances

- Taylor appears, dressed in drag, part way through the Girlschool promotional video for their song "Yeah, Right".
- _Classic Albums - Ace Of Spades_ DVD. Taylor is in interview and playing drums on several of the _Ace Of Spades_ albums classic tracks.

## Other websites

- Phil Taylor at MySpace
- The Web of Spider at MySpace

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor
- **image**: Phil Taylor (1982).jpg
- **caption**: Phil Taylor in 1982
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Phil Taylor
- **alias**: "Philthy Animal", "Philthy Phil"
- **birth place**: Hasland, Chesterfield, England
- **instrument**: Drum kit, Drums
- **genre**: Heavy metal music, Heavy metal, speed metal, hard rock
- **years active**: 1975–2015
- **associated acts**: Motörhead, Waysted
Down to Earth (Stevie Wonder album)

***Down to Earth*** is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder, released on November 16, 1966 on the Tamla label. It was his second album to have been released in 1966, as _Up-Tight_ had been released earlier on in the year.

## Track listing

Side One
1. "A Place in the Sun" (Ron Miller, Bryan Wells) 2:52
1. "Bang Bang" (Sonny Bono) 2:42
1. "Down to Earth" (Ron Miller, Avery Vanderberg) 2:50
1. "Thank You Love" (Henry Cosby, Sylvia Moy, Wonder) 2:55
1. "Be Cool, Be Calm (And Keep Yourself Together)" (Cosby, Moy, Wonder) 2:43
1. "Sylvia" (Cosby, Moy, Wonder) 2:34

Side Two
1. "My World Is Empty Without You" (Holland-Dozier-Holland) 2:53
1. "The Lonesome Road" (Gene Austin, Nat Shilkret) 3:06
1. "Angel Baby (Don't You Ever Leave Me)" (Cosby, Moy) 2:45
1. "Mr. Tambourine Man" (Bob Dylan) 2:30
1. "Sixteen Tons" (Merle Travis) 2:42
1. "Hey Love" (Morris Broadnax, Clarence Paul, Wonder) 2:41

## Personnel

- Stevie Wonder – harmonica, keyboards, drums, percussion, vocals
- The Originals - backing vocals
- The Andantes - backing vocals
- Benny Benjamin – drums
- James Jamerson – bass
- The Funk Brothers – instrumentation
- Clarence Paul and Henry Cosby – producers

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Down to Earth
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Stevie Wonder
- **released**: November 16, 1966
- **length**: 33:13
- **recorded**: 1965-66
- **label**: Motown, Tamla
- **prev title**: Up-Tight
(1966)
- **next title**: I Was Made to Love Her (album), I Was Made to Love Her
(1967)
Klaus Roth

**Klaus Friedrich Roth** (29 October 1925 – 10 November 2015) was a German-British mathematician. He was known for his work on diophantine approximation, the large sieve, and irregularities of distribution.

## Early life

He was born in Breslau, Prussia. He studied at St Paul's School in London from 1939 to 1943 and then attended Cambridge University, graduating from Peterhouse, Cambridge in 1945. In 1946 he began research at University College London, under the supervision of Theodor Estermann.

## Career

He became a professor at University College London in 1961, and moved to a chair at Imperial College London in 1966, a position he held until official retirement in 1988. He then  remained at Imperial College as Visiting Professor until 1996.

## Death

Roth died in Iverness, Scotland on 10 November 2015 at the age of 90.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Klaus Roth
- **birth name**: Klaus Friedrich Roth
- **birth place**: Wrocław, Breslau, Province of Lower Silesia, Weimar Germany, Germany
- **death place**: Inverness, Scotland
- **citizenship**: Germany
United Kingdom
- **field**: Mathematics
- **workplaces**: Imperial College London
- **doctoral advisor**: Theodor Estermann
- **alma mater**: Cambridge University
- **known for**: diophantine approximation
discrepancy theory
David Atlas

**David Atlas** (May 25, 1924 – November 10, 2015) was an American meteorologist. He was one of the pioneers of radar meteorology. He worked for the US Air Force. He was professor at the University of Chicago and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), researcher at NASA and private consultant.

Atlas was born May 25, 1924, in Brooklyn, New York City, from Jewish parents who immigrated from Poland and Russia. He studied at the City College of New York. He retired in 1994.

Atlas died on November 10, 2015 from complications following a stroke at a nursing home in Newark, New Jersey at the age of 91.
Gene Amdahl

**Gene Myron Amdahl** (November 16, 1922 – November 10, 2015) was an American computer architect and high-tech entrepreneur. He was known for his work on mainframe computers at IBM alongside Fred Brooks and Gerrit Blaauw and later his own companies, especially Amdahl Corporation.  He formulated Amdahl's law, which states a fundamental limitation of parallel computing.

In 1998, he was made a Fellow  of the Computer History Museum "for his fundamental work in computer architecture and design, project management, and leadership."

Amdahl died of pneumonia after suffering from Alzheimer's disease during the last years of his life in Palo Alto, California, aged 92.

## Other websites

- Oral history interview with Gene M. Amdahl Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.  Amdahl discusses his graduate work at the University of Wisconsin and his design of WISC. Discusses his role in the designing of several computers for IBM including the STRETCH, IBM 701, and IBM 704. He discusses his work with Nathaniel Rochester and IBM's management of the design process. Mentions work with Ramo-Wooldridge, Aeronutronic, and Computer Sciences Corporation

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Gene Amdahl
- **image**: Amdahl march 13 2008.jpg
- **caption**: Gene Amdahl addressing a UW–Madison Alumni gathering, March 13, 2008
- **birth place**: Flandreau, South Dakota
- **death place**: Palo Alto, California
- **citizenship**: USA
- **nationality**: American
- **fields**: Entrepreneur
Computer science
- **workplaces**: degrees in theoretical physics from the University of Wisconsin.
- **alma mater**: South Dakota State University (B.S., 1948)
University of Wisconsin–Madison (M.S.; Ph.D., 1952)
- **doctoral advisor**: Robert G. Sachs
- **thesis title**: The Logical Design of an Intermediate Speed Digital Computer
- **thesis url**: http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~bezenek/Stuff/amdahl_thesis.pdf
- **thesis year**: 1953
- **known for**: founding Amdahl Corporation; formulating Amdahl's law;  IBM 360, 704
- **awards**: National Academy of Engineering (1967)
 Computer History Museum Fellow (1998)
Individual retirement account

An **individual retirement account** or **IRA** is a form of "individual retirement plan". It is simply a savings account with large tax advantages. An IRA is not itself an investment. It is where an investor keeps assets such as stocks, bonds and mutual funds. A 401(k) is set up by an employer, but an IRA may be started by an individual. Other IRAs may be opened by small business owners and those who are self-employed.

## Types of IRAs

There are different types of IRAs: Traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP-IRAs and SIMPLE IRAs. They vary as to tax filing status. Also they have different rules and conditions.
- **Traditional IRA** - Contributions to a traditional IRA are, depending on income, tax status and whether the taxpayer has a retirement plan sponsored by his or her employer. In 2023, a taxpayer can contribute $6,500 to a traditional or Roth IRA. If over age 50, the catch-up contribution limit is an additional $1,000. Either amount can be reduced if the taxable compensation (wages for example) are less than limit set for the IRA contribution.
- **Roth IRA** - contributions to Roth IRAs are not tax deductible. The amount that can be contributed is usually the same as a Traditional IRA.
- **SEP-IRA** - Businesses of any size who want to set up an IRA for employees can use the SEP (Simplified Employee Pension Plan) IRA .
- **SIMPLE IRA** - A SIMPLE (Savings Incentive Match PLan for Employees) IRA is for employees and employers to set up an IRA. This is for small businesses that do not have a retirement plan.

## Prohibited asset types

Internal Revenue Code Section 408 prohibits IRA investments in life insurance and in collectibles  such as artwork, rugs, antiques, metals (there are exceptions for certain kinds of bullion), gems, stamps, coins, alcoholic beverages, and certain other tangible personal property.

## Participant-directed accounts

A participant-directed account (also called a self-directed IRA) is an IRA which is provided by some financial institutions in the United States. It allows alternative investments for retirement savings. Some examples of such alternative investments are: real estate, private mortgages, private company stock, oil and gas limited partnerships, precious metals, horses, and intellectual property. There is a risk of fraud when investing in Self-Directed retirement accounts.

## Other websites

- What Is an IRA? Fidelity
- IRA vs. 401(k) - What's the Difference? UpMarket
Savings account

**Saving accounts** are a type of deposit account kept by banks that pay interest. They let a person keep some of their money in the bank for immediate use. They also earn money through interest. Having a savings account in a bank allows a person to have money available for an emergency. Savings accounts may be opened at most banks, credit unions and trust companies.

The other major types of deposit account are the transactional account (usually known as a "checking" or "current" account), money market account and time deposit.
Wakeland High School

**Justin Wakeland High School** is a public high school that is in the city of Frisco, Texas, United States.  It is a part of the Frisco Independent School District in the west center area of Collin County.  It opened for the first time to students on August 14, 2006.

Most sophomores and juniors came from Frisco High School because of the city and district's growth. Freshmen come from Griffin Middle School most of the time, and others come from Staley Middle School.  In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

The school is named for Justin Wakeland, who was the superintendent of the Frisco ISD for 19 years from 1978 to 1997.

The school has a television show called WIN-TV._ _It comes on every two to three weeks. It has many segments and interviews about events happening at Wakeland High School. _Wakeland Access_, the school newspaper, has articles about events happening at the school.

A lot of sports are offered at Wakeland.

## Infobox (school)

- **image**: Wakelandlol.png
Defense in depth (computing)

**Defense in Depth** (also known as **layered security** and **layered defense**) is an information assurance (IA) concept. It uses multiple layers of security controls (defenses) placed throughout an information technology (IT) system. The multiple layers are not of the same security tool. It uses several different kinds of security with each protecting against a different security attack.

## Background

Defense in depth is originally a military strategy. It seeks to delay rather than prevent the advance of an attacker by yielding space to buy time.  The National Security Agency (NSA) changed the concept to be a comprehensive approach to information and electronic security.

The placement of protection mechanisms, procedures and policies is intended to increase the dependability of an IT system. Multiple layers of defense can prevent espionage. They also prevent direct attacks against critical systems. In terms of computer network defense, defense in depth measures should not only prevent security breaches but also buy an organization time to detect and respond to an attack.

## Onion model

Defense in depth has long been explained by using the onion as an example of the various layers of security. The outer layer contains the firewall. Middle layers contain various controls. The data is in the center protected by the other defenses.

A newer concept is the kill chain. Borrowed from the military it is a method of detecting and breaking an opponent's kill chain. Lockheed Martin adapted this concept to information security, using it as a method for modeling intrusions on a computer network.

## Related pages

Using more than one of the following layers constitutes defense in depth.

- Antivirus software
- Authentication and password security
- Biometrics
- Encryption
- Firewall (networking)
- Hashing passwords
- Intrusion detection systems (IDS)
- Logging and auditing
- Multi-factor authentication
- Vulnerability scanners
- Physical security (e.g. deadbolt locks)
- Internet Security Awareness Training
- Virtual private network (VPN)
- Sandboxing
- Intrusion Protection System (IPS)

## Other websites

- Defense in Depth has Always Been a Valid Concept
Talleres de Córdoba

**Club Atlético Talleres** is a sports club club that plays in Argentina's second division. Talleres' main rival is Belgrano de Córdoba.

Talleres is the only team in Córdoba that has won an international competition. It was the Copa Conmebol in 1999.

### National

- **Copa Hermandad (1)**: 1977
- **Primera B Nacional (3)**: 1996, 1997-98, 2016
- **Torneo Federal A (2)**: 2012–13, 2015

### International

- **Copa Conmebol (1)**: 1999

### Regional

- **Liga Cordobesa de Fútbol (27)**: 1915, 1916, 1918, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1934, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1944, 1945, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1953, 1958, 1960, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Talleres de Córdoba
- **image**: Escudo Talleres 2015.svg
- **fullname**: Club Atlético Talleres
- **nickname**: _La T, Albiazul, Matador_
- **ground**: _Estadio La Boutique_,
Córdoba, Argentina, Córdoba, Córdoba Province (Argentina), Córdoba Province
- **capacity**: 18,500
- **chairman**: Andrés Fassi
- **manager**: Juan Pablo Vojvoda
- **league**: Argentine Primera División, Primera División
- **season**: 2017–18 Argentine Primera División, 2017–18
- **position**: 5th
- **pattern la1**: _talleres2019h
- **pattern b1**: _talleres2019h
- **pattern ra1**: _talleres2019h
- **pattern sh1**: _talleres2019h
- **leftarm1**: 000040
- **body1**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm1**: 000040
- **shorts1**: 000040
- **socks1**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la2**: _talleres2019a
- **pattern b2**: _talleres2019a
- **pattern ra2**: _talleres2019a
- **pattern sh2**: _talleres2019a
- **leftarm2**: 000040
- **body2**: 000040
- **rightarm2**: 000040
- **shorts2**: 000040
- **socks2**: 000040
La Jura

***La Jura*** is an Italian opera in five acts, with music and libretto by Gavino Gabriel. It was first performed in Cagliari, in 1928. On April 8, 1958 it was performed in Naples.

## Principal characters

- Jaconi  - tenor
- Pasca - soprano
- Anghilesa - mezzo-soprano
- Burédda - baritone
- Filianu - bass
- Matalena - mezzo-soprano
Frankee

**Nicole Francine Aiello** (born June 9, 1983) is an American  R&B singer-songwriter and model known by her stage name, **Frankee**. She grew up with her parents, Matthew and Francine, and her two siblings, elder brother Matthew Jr. and younger sister Monique. Nicole was given the nickname "Frankee," which came from her middle name (and is also her grandfather's nickname). She is best known for her debut single "F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)" which is a answer back to fellow American R&B singer-songwriter Eamons debut single "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)".

## Career

"F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)" reached number one in the United Kingdom in May 2004, and Australia in June 2004. She then released her debut studio album later on that year.
She then left her label in 2006 and signed with Big Management She has also modelled for _FHM_ and _Maxim_ magazines.

### Albums

- 2004: _The Good, The Bad, The Ugly_
- 2006: Watch Me <small>(shelved)</small>

### Singles

|align="center"width="214" rowspan="2"|Year|align="center"width="320" rowspan="2"|Title|align="center"width="200" colspan="10"|Peak chart positions|align="center"width="200" rowspan="2"|Album||||||||||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|2004|"F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)"|align="center"|29|align="center"|21|align="center"|1|align="center"|1|align="center"|5|align="center"|22|align="center"|20|align="center"|14|align="center"|2|align="center"|33|rowspan="2"|_The Good, the Bad, the Ugly_|
|"How You Do"|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|||||
|rowspan="1"|2006|"Watch Me"|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|align="center"|—|

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Frankee
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Nicole Francine Aiello
- **birth place**: Staten Island, New York City, United States
- **years active**: 2003–present
- **associated acts**: Eamon (singer), Eamon
Window envelope

The **window envelope** is an envelope with transparent plastic window in it so you can see what it is and who it's from. It was invented and patented by Americus Callahan in 1901. It was first called an "outlook envelope." Callahan planned to use very thin rice paper as the window, but now clear plastic is used.
The Good, the Bad, the Ugly (Frankee album)

***The Good, the Bad, the Ugly*** is the debut studio album by American recording artist Frankee, released in 2004. Her debut single "F.U.R.B." is an answer song to Eamon's "Fuck It (I Don't Want You Back)". To date it is the only album released by Frankee.

## Track listing

1. "I Do Me"
1. "How You Do"
1. "In Love with Me"
1. "I'm Leaving"
1. "Gotta Man"
1. "Who the Hell Are You"
1. "Him"
1. "I Told You So"
1. "Hell No"
1. "Don't Be Mad"
1. "F.U.R.B. (Fuck You Right Back)"

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Good, the Bad, the Ugly
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Frankee
- **released**: 2004
- **recorded**: 2004
- **label**: Marro
- **genre**: *Hip hop music, Hip hop
*Soul music, soul
*Contemporary R&B, R&B
Jihadi John

**Muhammad Emwazi** (Arabic: مُحَمَّد جَاسِم عَبْد ٱلْكَرِيم عَلِيَّان ٱلظُّفِيرِي; born **Muhammad Jassim Abdulkarim Olayan al-Dhafiri**, 17 August 1988 – 12 November 2015) was a Kuwaiti-born British Arab terrorist. He moved to London in 1994. He was thought to be the person seen in several videos produced by the militant group ISIL. The videos showed the beheadings of captives in 2014 and 2015. A group of his hostages nicknamed him  "**Jihadi John**" since he was part of a four-person terrorist cell with British accents whom they called "The Beatles".

On the night of 12 November 2015, US officials reported that Emwazi had been hit by a drone strike in Al-Raqqah, Syria. The following day, UK officials stated a “high degree of certainty” that Emwazi was killed. He was declared dead later that day.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **allegiance**: Al-Nusra Front <small>(2012–13)</small>

Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Islamic State <small>(2013–15)</small>
- **serviceyears**: 2012–2015
- **battles**: **Syria**
* Syrian Civil War
* American-led intervention in Syria


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mohammed Emwazi
- **caption**: Emwazi wearing a mask in a video of a killing.
- **native name**: مُحَمَّد جَاسِم عَبْد ٱلْكَرِيم عَلِيَّان ٱلظُّفِيرِي
- **birth name**: Muhammad Jassim Abdulkarim Olayan Al-Dhafeer, al-Dhafiri
- **birth place**: Al Jahra, Kuwait
- **death place**: Raqqa, Syria
- **death cause**: Drone strike
- **native name lang**: ar
- **other names**: "Mohammed Emwazi"
"John the Beatle"
"Jailer John"
Abu Abdullah al-Britani
Abu Muharib al-Yemeni
Mohammed al-Ayan
Muhammad ibn Muazzam
Mohammed Al-Zuhary
Abu Muharib al-Muhajir
Jihadi John
- **citizenship**: British
- **education**: BSc (lower second-class honours) in Information Systems with Business Management from the University of Westminster (2009)
- **known for**: Islamic State beheading incidents
Sheridan, Indiana

**Sheridan** is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,106.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Sheridan, Indiana
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: South Main in Sheridan.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Main Street
- **image map**: File:Hamilton County Indiana Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sheridan Highlighted 1869354.svg
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **map caption**: Location of Sheridan in Hamilton County, Indiana.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Indiana
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Indiana, County
- **subdivision name2**: Hamilton County, Indiana, Hamilton
- **subdivision type3**: List of townships in Indiana, Township
- **subdivision name3**: Adams Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, Adams
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 3106
- **population density sq mi**: 1499.76
- **population density km2**: 579.09
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **area land km2**: 5.36
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **area total km2**: 5.37
- **area total sq mi**: 2.08
- **area land sq mi**: 2.07
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **elevation ft**: 948
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 46069
- **area code**: Area code 317, 317
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 18-69354
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2397655
- **website**: [http://www.sheridan.org/ www.sheridan.org]
Maithili language

**Maithili** (Maithili: मैथिली; ; _Maithilī_) is an Indo-Aryan language. It is spoken in Nepal and northern India. It is spoken by 34.7 million people. Of those, 2.8 million are Nepalese people. It is the second largest national language of Nepal. In ancient times, Maithili language was written in Mithilakshar. Now it is written in Devanagari script.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Maithili
- **nativename**: मैथिली, মৈথিলী
- **imagecaption**: The word "Maithili" written in Devanagari and Tirhuta script
- **states**: India and Nepal
- **nation**:

- **region**: Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Koshi Province (Nepal), Koshi Province, Bagmati Province, Rangpur Division
- **ethnicity**: Maithil
- **speakers**: million
- **date**: 2000–2001
- **ref**: e16
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian
- **fam3**: Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan
- **fam4**: Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, Eastern
- **fam5**: Bihari languages, Bihari
- **script**: Tirhuta (Mithilakshar)
Kaithi (Maithili style)
Devanagari script, Devanagari
- **iso2**: mai
- **iso3**: mai
- **glotto**: mait1250
- **glottorefname**: Maithili
Raute language

**Raute** is a minor Tibeto-Burman language. It is spoken in Dadeldhura District, Mahakali Zone, Nepal. Half of its speakers are nomadic.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Raute
- **region**: Nepal
- **ethnicity**: Raute people
- **speakers**: 460
- **date**: 2011 census
- **ref**: e18
- **speakers2**: wandering Raute (25, no date) are monolingual
- **familycolor**: Sino-Tibetan
- **fam2**: (Tibeto-Burman languages, Tibeto-Burman)
- **fam3**: Raji–Raute languages, Raji–Raute
- **iso3**: rau
- **glotto**: raut1239
- **glottorefname**: Raute