juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Prime Minister of Kazakhstan

The **Prime Minister of Kazakhstan** is the head of government of Kazakhstan and the second most powerful person in the country after the President of Kazakhstan. The Prime Minister heads the cabinet and advises the President in the every day plans of the functions of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.

## List of prime ministers (since 1991)

|No.|Picture|Name <small>(Birth–Death)</small>|colspan=2|Term of office|Party|President of Republic of Kazakhstan|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Sergey Tereshchenko <small>(1951–2023)</small>|14 October 1991|12 October 1994|Independent|||
||Akezhan Kazhegeldin <small>(1952–)</small>|12 October 1994|10 October 1997|People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity|||
||Nurlan Balgimbayev <small>(1947–2015)</small>|10 October 1997|1 October 1999|People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity|||
||Kassym-Jomart Tokayev <small>(1953–)</small>|1 October 1999|28 January 2002|Otan|||
||Imangali Tasmagambetov <small>(1956–)</small>|28 January 2002|13 June 2003|Otan|||
||Daniyal Akhmetov <small>(1954–)</small>|13 June 2003|10 January 2007|Otan (2003–2004) ↓ Nur Otan (2004–2007)|||
||Karim Massimov <small>(1965–)</small>|10 January 2007|24 September 2012|Nur Otan|||
||Serik Akhmetov <small>(1958–)</small>|24 September 2012|2 April 2014|Nur Otan|||
||Karim Massimov <small>(1965–)</small>|2 April 2014|8 September 2016|Nur Otan|||
||Bakhytzhan Sagintayev <small>(1963–)</small>|8 September 2016|21 February 2019|Nur Otan|||
||Askar Mamin <small>(1965–)</small>|21 February 2019|5 January 2022|Nur Otan|||
||Alihan Smaiylov <small>(1972–)</small>|5 January 2022|5 February 2024|Nur Otan|||
||Roman Sklyar <small>(1971–)</small>|5 February 2024|6 February 2024|Nur Otan|||
||Oljas Bektenov <small>(1980–)</small>|6 February 2024|Incumbent|Nur Otan|||

## Other websites

- Official Site of the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
- PrimeMinister.kz on Youtube

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Prime Minister of the
Republic of Kazakhstan
- **insignia**: Emblem of Kazakhstan latin.svg
- **insigniasize**: 100px
- **insigniacaption**: Emblem of Kazakhstan
- **image**: Oljas Bektenov (2024-02-06, cropped).jpg
- **incumbent**: Oljas Bektenov
- **incumbentsince**: 6 February 2024
- **style**: Mr Prime Minister

Excellency, His Excellency

- **residence**: Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- **appointer**: President of Kazakhstan
- **termlength**: Five years, renewable
- **precursor**: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
- **inaugural**: Sergey Tereshchenko
- **deputy**: First Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, First Deputy Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, Deputy Prime Minister
President of Kazakhstan

The **President of the Republic of Kazakhstan** is the head of state, commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Republic of Kazakhstan. The presidency was created on 24 April 1990, a year before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The first and, until March 2019, the only President of Kazakhstan was Nursultan Nazarbayev.

None of the presidential elections held in Kazakhstan have been considered free or fair by Western countries or international observers with issues noted including ballot tampering, multiple voting, harassment of opposition candidates and press censorship.

## List of officeholders

**Political parties**

- Status

- Symbols

Constitutional referendum

|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|Portrait|rowspan="2"|Name|rowspan="2"|Elected|colspan="3"|Term of office|rowspan="2"|Political party||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"||rowspan="3"|Nursultan Nazarbayev|1990|rowspan="3"|24 April 1990|rowspan="3"|20 March 2019|rowspan="3"||QKP||
|style="background:||1991 1999|Independent||||||||||
|style="background:||2005 2011 2015|Otan Nur Otan||||||||||
|rowspan="3"||rowspan="3"|Kassym-Jomart Tokayev|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|—|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|20 March 2019|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|12 June 2019|style="background:#e6e6aa;"|84 days|Nur Otan|
|style="background:"||2019|rowspan="2"|12 June 2019|rowspan="2"|Incumbent|rowspan="2"||Amanat||||
|style="background:"||2022|Independent||||||||||
**Note**

Until 16 December 1991 the head of state was called **President of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic**.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті
- **flag**: Flag of the President of Kazakhstan.svg
- **flagsize**: 175px
- **flagcaption**: Presidential standard
- **image**: Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (2019-04-03) 04.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **incumbent**: Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
- **incumbentsince**: 20 March 2019
- **residence**: Ak Orda Presidential Palace
- **succession**: Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan
- **appointer**: Direct popular vote
- **termlength**: 5 years, renewable
- **formation**: 24 April 1990
- **inaugural**: Nursultan Nazarbayev
- **website**: [http://akorda.kz/ akorda.kz]
 [http://www.akorda.kz/en/ www.akorda.kz/en]
Tim Peake

**Timothy Nigel Peake**  (born 7 April 1972) is a British astronaut and former Army Air Corps officer. He is the first British astronaut for the European Space Agency (ESA). He is a former crew member of the International Space Station (ISS). He is also the second astronaut to bear the flag of the United Kingdom. He is the seventh British-born astronaut in space. He served in the British Army from 1992 to 2009. He was made a Major in 2004.

Peake was born in Chichester, West Sussex. He is a degree holder of the University of Portsmouth. He is married to Rebecca. The couple have two sons.

## Other websites

- Tim Peake  at the European Space Agency website
Maria (given name)

**Maria** [ m_uh_-**ree**-_uh_ ] is a female given name in many languages. Maria has been a favored name for hundreds of years and remains popular to this day. It boasts a fascinating past and profound significance. Originally derived from the Hebrew name Miriam, which signifies "bitterness" or "rebellion," Maria has evolved to possess a more optimistic connotation. Nowadays, it is linked with virtues like resilience, elegance, and innocence. It is the Latin form of the female name Miriam. The name was used for Atlantic tropical cyclones. In September 2017, Hurricane Maria hit Dominica, the United States Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. This name was ranked #106 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

## Notable people with the first name

- Maria Antonia of Spain, Spanish infanta (1729-1785)
- Maria I of Portugal, Portuguese monarch
- Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain, Dauphine of France (1726-1746)
- Maria Bello, American actress and writer
- María de Villota, tor racing driver
- Maria Menounos, American actress, journalist and television presenter
- Maria Shriver, American journalist, author, a member of the Kennedy family. former First Lady of California and founder
- María Fernanda Ampuero, (1976), Ecuadorian writer and journalist.
Rest energy

**Rest energy** (E<sub>0</sub>) is the energy equivalent of a resting (i.e., immobile) particle. Based on relativity theory, an equivalence relation exists between mass and energy. The energy is equal to the product of mass and the square of the speed of light: E = mc<sup>2</sup> . For example, the rest energy of a proton is . The rest energy of a 1 g mass is about .
Prison Break

***Prison Break*** is an American television serial crime drama series. Created by Paul Scheuring, the series is shown on Fox. The first run of the show had four seasons, with 81 episodes from August 29, 2005 to May 15, 2009. A fifth season which aired nine episodes from April 4 to May 30, 2017. As of March 2019, a sixth season is being made, but was not shown.

The series is about two brothers, Lincoln Burrows (Dominic Purcell) and Michael Scofield (Wentworth Miller). Burrows has been sentenced to death for a crime he did not commit, and Scofield creates a detailed plan to help his brother escape prison and clear his name. Robin Tunney, Robert Knepper, Amaury Nolasco, Sarah Wayne Callies, Peter Stormare, Marshall Allman, Wade Williams, Paul Adelstein and Rockmond Dunbar also star, along with many others.

## Other websites

- https://www.fernsehserien.tv/prison-break.shtml

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Prison Break logo.svg
- **caption**: _Prison Break_ logo
- **genre**: Serial drama
Crime fiction, Crime drama
Thriller (genre), Action thriller
- **creator**: Paul Scheuring
- **composer**: Ramin Djawadi
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
Spanish language, Spanish
Arabic language, Arabic
- **num seasons**: 5
- **num episodes**: 90
- **list episodes**: List of Prison Break episodes
- **executive producer**: Marty Adelstein
Neal H. Moritz
Dawn Parouse
Brett Ratner
Paul Scheuring
Matt Olmstead
Kevin Hooks
Michael Pavone
Dawn Olmstead
Vaun Wilmott
Michael Horowitz
Nelson McCormick (director), Nelson McCormick
- **location**:
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Joliet, Illinois
Dallas, Dallas, Texas
Pensacola, Florida
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia

Panama City, Panama City, Panama
Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
Ouarzazate, Ouarzazate, Morocco
- **cinematography**: Fernando Argüelles
Jeffrey C. Mygatt
Robert LaBonge
Chris Manley
Robbie Greenberg
- **editor**: Etienne Des Lauriers
Scott Eilers
Eric Seaburn
Warren Bowman
Kaja Fehr
James Coblentz
- **runtime**: 42 minutes
- **company**: Original Film
Adelstein/Parouse Productions
20th Century Fox Television
- **first aired**: **Original series**:

- **last aired**:
**Revival**:
 –
- **related**: _Breakout Kings_
- **channel**: Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox
Sarwar Danish

**Muhammad Sarwar Danish** (), (born 1961) is a politician from Afghanistan. He was Vice President of Afghanistan from 2014 to 2021. Before, he was Acting Minister of Justice from 2004 to 2010 and Acting Minister of Higher Education from 2010 to 2014. Danish became its first Governor of Daykundi province in 2004, when it became separate from Urozgan province.

Danish was born in 1961 in the Ishtarlay District of Daykundi province in central Afghanistan. He belongs to the Hazara group and his father's name is Muhammad Ali.

Danish completed his higher education in Iraq, Syria and Iran. He has degrees in law, journalism and Islamic studies. He received a Masters in Fiqh. From 1982 to 2001, he made various publications. Danish has written 15 books and 700 academic essays. He is fluent in Dari, Pashto and Arabic language.

## Karzai administration

After the Taliban regime ended and the Karzai administration started, Danish was part of the 2002 loya jirga. He was a member of the Constitutional Drafting Commission through a decree by President Hamid Karzai. He was also a participant in the Constitutional Loya Jirga.

His responsibilities were:

- Second voice president of Afghanistan
- Minister of high education
- Minister of justice

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Muhammad Sarwar Danish

- **image**: Danish in September 2014.jpg
- **office**: Vice President of Afghanistan, Second Vice President of Afghanistan
- **term start**: 29 September 2014
- **term end**: 15 August 2021

- **president**: Ashraf Ghani
- **predecessor**: Karim Khalili
- **office1**: Ministry of Higher Education (Afghanistan), Minister of Higher Education
- **term start1**: 1 January 2010
- **term end1**: 29 September 2014
- **president1**: Hamid Karzai
- **predecessor1**: Mohammad Azam Dadfar
- **successor1**: Abdollah Obeid
- **office2**: Ministry of Justice (Afghanistan), Minister of Justice
- **term start2**: 23 December 2004
- **term end2**: 1 January 2010
- **president2**: Hamid Karzai
- **predecessor2**: Abbas Karimi
- **successor2**: Habibullah Ghaleb
- **office3**: List of governors of Daykundi, Governor of Daykundi Province, Daykundi
- **term start3**: 28 March 2004
- **term end3**: 22 December 2004
- **successor3**: Abdul Hai Neamati
- **birth place**: Ishtarlay District, Daykundi Province (now in Urozgan Province), Afghanistan
- **birthname**: Muhammad Sarwar
- **nationality**: Afghanistani
- **blank1**: Ethnic groups in Afghanistan, Ethnicity
- **data1**: Hazara people, Hazara
- **party**: Hezbe Wahdat
- **residence**: Auckland, New Zealand
Dominic Purcell

**Dominic Haakon Myrtved Purcell** (born 17 February 1970) is an Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as Lincoln Burrows in the Fox drama series _Prison Break_ (2005–2009, 2017–present), and Mick Rory / Heat Wave in The CW's _The Flash_ and _Legends of Tomorrow_. For his role as Burrows, he won an AACTA Award for Best Actor in 2007.

Purcell was born in Wallasey, Cheshire, England. His mother is of Irish ancestry and his father is Norwegian. He grew up in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. He was married to Rebecca Williamson from 1998 until their divorce in 2008. The couple have four children. He has also dated American actress AnnaLynne McCord.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dominic Purcell
- **image**: Dominic Purcell by Gage Skidmore 2 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Purcell at the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con.
- **birth name**: Dominic Haakon Myrtved Purcell
- **birth place**: Wallasey, Cheshire, England
- **nationality**: Australian
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1991–present
- **children**: 4
Wenche Kvamme

**Wenche Kvamme** (19 June 1950 – 9 March 2019) was a Norwegian singer and actress. She was born in Bergen, Norway.

She began her stage career at Nationaltheatret in 1977. She was appointed at the Bergen theatre Den Nationale Scene in 1978. She was best known for her roles in television shows include **' (1991), **' (1996–2000), and __ (2002–2003).

Kvamme died in Bergen on 9 March 2019 from breast cancer, aged 68.
Ilona Novák

**Ilona Novák** (May 16, 1925 – March 14, 2019) was a Hungarian swimmer and Olympic champion. She competed at the 1948 Olympic Games in London, where she finished 4th in 100 m backstroke and 5th in 4 × 100 m freestyle relay.

At the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki she received a gold medal in 4 × 100 m freestyle relay as captain of the Hungarian team. She was added into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1973.

She was born in Budapest and died on March 14, 2019 in Budapest, aged 93.
Jason David Frank

**Jason David Frank** (September 4, 1973 – November 19, 2022) was an American actor and martial artist. He was best known for his role as Tommy Oliver in the _Power Rangers_ franchise.

He committed suicide on November 19, 2022.

### Television

- _Mighty Morphin Power Rangers_ – Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger (1993–1996)
- _Mighty Morphin Alien Rangers_ – Tommy Oliver (1996)
- _Power Rangers Zeo_ – Tommy Oliver / Red Zeo Ranger (1996)
- _Power Rangers Turbo_ – Tommy Oliver / Red Turbo Ranger (1997)
- _Power Rangers Wild Force_ – Tommy Oliver / Red Zeo Ranger (2002)
- _Power Rangers Dino Thunder_ – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Black Dino Ranger (2004)
- _Power Rangers Megaforce_ – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger (2014)
- _Power Rangers Ninja Steel_ – Dr. Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger / White Ranger / Red Zeo Ranger / Black Dino Ranger / Robot Tommy (2018)

### Movies

- _Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie_ – Tommy Oliver / White Ranger (1995)
- _Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie_ – Tommy Oliver / Red Turbo Ranger (1997)
- _Power Rangers_ – Angel Grove Citizen (2017)
- _Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: Once & Always_ – Tommy Oliver / Green Ranger Voice (2023)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jason David Frank
- **image**: Jason David Frank by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Jason David Frank at the 2017 Phoenix Comicon
- **birth name**: Jason David Frank
- **birth date**: September 4, 1973
- **birth place**: Covina, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, Mixed martial arts, mixed martial artist
- **years active**: 1993–2022
- **spouse**: Erik Frank (1971-2001; his death)
Shawna Frank (1994–2001; his death)
Tammie Frank (2003–2022; his death)
- **children**: 4
Okwui Enwezor

**Okwui Enwezor** (23 October 1963 – 15 March 2019) was a Nigerian curator, art critic, writer, poet, and educator. He lived in New York City and Munich.

In 2014, he was ranked 24 in the _ArtReview_ list of the 100 most powerful people of the art world.

His writings have appeared in many journals, catalogs, books, and magazines including: _Third Text_, _Documents_, _Texte zur Kunst_, _Grand Street_, _Parkett_, _Artforum_, _Frieze_, _Art Journal_, _Research in African Literatures_, _Index on Censorship_, Engage, _Glendora_, and _Atlantica_.

In June 2018, Enwezor was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. He died on 15 March 2019 in Munich from the disease at the age of 55.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Okwui Enwezor
- **image**: File:Okwui Enwezor 01.JPG
- **birth name**: Okwuchukwu Emmanuel Enwezor
- **birth place**: Calabar, Nigeria
- **death place**: Munich, Germany
- **relatives**: Bernadette Enwezor (mother)
- **spouse**: Jill S Davis, Muna El Fituri
- **children**: Uchenna Soraya Enwezor
- **occupation**: Curator
- **nationality**: Nigerian
Dave Hood Jr.

**Charles David Hood Jr.** (April 24, 1954 – March 15, 2019) was a Republican politician. He was a Judge on the Seventh Judicial Circuit of Florida. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing the 25th District from 2012 to 2014. Hood Jr. was born near Leesville, Louisiana.

Hood Jr. died on March 15, 2019 in Ormond Beach, Florida from brain cancer, aged 64.

## Other websites

- Florida House of Representatives - Dave Hood, Jr.
- Judges of the Seventh Judicial Circuit - Judge C. David Hood Jr.
- Judge Hood Sues to Eliminate Opponent From Ballot
Wiesław Kilian

**Wiesław Kilian** (25 July 1952 – 15 March 2019) was a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005 getting 7,524 votes in Wrocław. He was a member of the Law and Justice. He joined Poland Comes First when that party split from Law and Justice in 2010. He was re-elected to the Sejm in 2010 and served until his death.

Kilian died on 15 March 2019 in Warsaw from cardiac arrest, aged 66.

## Other websites

- Wiesław Kilian - parliamentary page  - includes declarations of interest, voting record, and transcripts of speeches.
Jorge Insunza Becker

**Jorge Insunza Becker** (21 April 1936 – 17 March 2019) was a Chilean communist politician. He was member of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile between 1969 until 1973. He went into exile. He was responsible for the propaganda of the Salvador Allende Command.

Insunza Becker died on 17 March 2019 from a stroke in Santiago de Chile, aged 82.
Andre Williams

**Zephire Andre Williams** (November 1, 1936 – March 17, 2019) was an American R&B musician. He started his career in the 1950s at Fortune Records in Detroit. His most famous songs include the hits "Jail Bait," "Greasy Chicken," "Bacon Fat" (1957) and "Cadillac Jack" (1966). He was known for his R&B hit "Shake a Tail Feather". He was born in Bessemer, Alabama.

In 2012, Williams was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame.

Williams died from colorectal cancer in Chicago, Illinois on March 17, 2019 at the age of 82.

## Other websites

- Andre Williams on Bloodshot Records
- Full Discography
- In The Red Records
- 3voor12.nl (show on dutch radio in 2001)
- Indiezone.de (review of Augsburg show in 2006)
Chuck Harmon

**Charles Byron Harmon** (April 23, 1924 – March 19, 2019) was an American professional baseball utility player in Major League Baseball. He was born in Washington, Indiana. Harmon played for the Cincinnati Redlegs (1954–1956), St. Louis Cardinals (1956–1957) and Philadelphia Phillies (1957). He batted and threw right-handed.

Harmon died on March 19, 2019 in Golf Manor, Ohio at the age of 94.

## Sources

- Chuck Harmon Official Site
- Baseball Library
- Center for Negro League Baseball Research
- Cincinnati Historical Society Library
- Indiana Baseball Hall of Fame
Golf Manor, Ohio

**Golf Manor** is a village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 3,814 at the 2020 census. Golf Manor is located at  (39.187109, -84.446365).
Marlen Khutsiev

**Marlen Martynovich Khutsiev** (; 4 October 1925 – 19 March 2019) was a Georgian-born Soviet and Russian movie director. He was best known for his cult movies from the 1960s, which include _I Am Twenty_ and _July Rain_. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1986.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Marlen Khutsiev
- **post-nominals**: People's Artist of the USSR, PAU
- **image**: Marlen Khutsiev 01.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Marlen Khutsiev in 2018
- **birth place**: Tbilisi, Georgia (country), Georgia, USSR
- **death place**: Moscow, Russia
- **occupation**: Director, screenwriter
- **years active**: 1952–2019
- **spouse**: Irina Solovyova
- **awards**:
Randy Jackson (baseball)

**Ransom Joseph "Randy" Jackson** (February 10, 1926 – March 20, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) player. He played for the Chicago Cubs (1950–1955), Los Angeles Dodgers (1956–1958; two seasons in Brooklyn, one in Los Angeles), Cleveland Indians (1958–1959), and ended his career back with the Cubs (1959).

Jackson died at his home in Athens, Georgia on March 20, 2019, aged 93.

## Other websites

- Randy Jackson bio @ WhenitwasaGame.net
- Info @ BaseballLibrary.com
- Stats @ Baseball-Almanac.com

## Infobox (mlb player)

- **name**: Randy Jackson
- **image**: Randy Jackson 1953.jpg
- **caption**: Jackson in 1953.
- **position**: Third baseman
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: Little Rock, Arkansas
- **death place**: Athens, Georgia
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: May 2
- **debutyear**: 1950
- **debutteam**: Chicago Cubs
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: September 25
- **finalyear**: 1959
- **finalteam**: Chicago Cubs
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average
- **stat1value**: .261
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 103
- **stat3label**: Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 415
- **teams**: *Chicago Cubs (–)
*Brooklyn Dodgers (–)
*Los Angeles Dodgers ()
*Cleveland Indians (–)
*Chicago Cubs ()
- **highlights**: *2× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (1954 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1954, 1955 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 1955)
Terje Nilsen

**Terje Nilsen** (26 November 1951 – 20 March 2019) was a Norwegian singer-songwriter. Nilsen's greatest hit is the song "Mjelle", written in 1974, which appeared on the album "Æ" released in 1977.

Nilsen died on 20 March 2019 in Bergen from lung cancer, aged 67.

In 2002 he received the Gammleng Award from _The Fund for Performing Artists_ in Norway.

## Other websites

- Article in _Norsk pop- og rockleksikon_ (Norwegian encyclopedia for pop and rock) from 2005

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Terje Nilsen
- **background**: solo_singer
- **image**: Terje Nilsen Oslo Jazzfestival 2018 (202001).jpg
- **caption**: Terje Nilsen at the stage in 2018
- **birth place**: Svolvær, Lofoten, Norway
- **death date**: 20 March 2019 (aged 67)
- **death place**: Bergen, Norway
- **occupation**: singer, songwriter
Teuscher

**Teuscher** is a chocolatier located in Zurich, Switzerland. It was founded in 1932 by Dolf Teuscher, Sr. Dolf Teuscher, Jr. now runs the company. It has recently scaled down its operations.

It former flagship was located on Zürich's famed Storchengasse but now consolidated into Felix Café locations on Bellevueplatz and Bahnhofstrasse. Most of its international outlets have closed. The remaining locations are in Seoul, Abu Dhabi and United States (New York City, Chicago, Beverly Hills and San Francisco).

Its most famous product is the Champagne Truffle.

## Other websites

- Official site
Noto (font)

**Noto** is a font group from Google. They are made to be used in as many different languages as possible. The font has a SIL Open Font License, which means that anyone is free to use the font. Noto fonts in total have more than 60,000 characters.

It also has emojis in this font group. These emojis are used by a lot of Google services.
Dentures

**Dentures** (also known as false teeth) are meant to solve dental problems of humans. They should not be worn overnight. Famous people who wore them for years include George Washington. The history goes back as early as 7th century BC.

## Production

Dentures can be made of different materials, such as acrylic, nylon, or metal. Depending on the teeth they replace, there are different designs.

## How they work

Properly fitted dentures help with speech and eating. They may also boost self-confidence. They can also help to prevent the face from sagging over time and may offer protection to the remaining teeth.

## Types

There are many types of false teeth available. They include partial dentures and full dentures.

All need fitting so that they match your teeth's shape, size, and color. The fitting can be done by a specialist called a prosthodontist or by a general dentist, many of whom also fit dentures.
Francis Quinn

**Francis Anthony Quinn** (September 11, 1921 – March 21, 2019) was an American Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1946. He served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Sacramento, California from 1980 to 1993. He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Quinn died on March 21, 2019, at the age of 97. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living bishop in the United States.

## Other websites

- Francis Quinn at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
Noel Hush

**Noel Sydney Hush**  (15 December 1924 – 20 March 2019) was an Australian chemist. He was known for his work at the University of Sydney where he was Head of Theoretical Chemistry. His main focuses were theoretical chemistry, chemical physics and quantum chemistry.

## Early life and education

Hush moved to Britain in 1950, and worked at the University of Manchester and the University of Bristol. He returned to Australia in 1971, and began working at the University of Sydney. He retired in 1989.

Hush was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He died on 20 March 2019, at the age of 94.
Deo, Bihar

**Deo** is a town in the Aurangabad district of Indian state of Bihar. It is the district's third-largest town in population, and the third-largest town in area.

## Geography

Deo is located at  It has an average elevation of 89 metres (291 feet).

## Demographics

India census, Deo had a population of 171620. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Deo has an average literacy rate of 89%, more than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 61%. In Deo, 29% of the population is under 6 years of age.

### Local Transport

City buses, auto-rickhaws, taxis, and cycle rickshaws the usual  local transport.

### Roadways

Regular bus service is from Deo to Aurangabad, Patna, TATA, Ranchi, Kolkata, Dhanbad and Goh.

## Economy

Deo has a big market for the local area.

## Schools and colleges

- Maharana Pratap College
- Raja Jagnanth Inter College
- Brijrani Kumari Kanya Inter College
- R.J High School
- Girls High School
- Sarshwati Shishu Mandir
- T.R Convent
- DAV Public School
- Vivekanand Mission School

## Tourism

Deo Sun Temple is a Hindu temple nearby main road and Deo Market Road. Near the Deo Fort, a fort of Deo King And Deo Fort Near Of Deo Sun Temple Main Road is a Religion place and tourist destination for the All over India.

## Health

- Deo Govt Hospital Near Old Police Station.
- Prema Devi Hospital
- Deo Hospital

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Deo
- **other name**: Deo, Aurangabad (Bihar)
- **nickname**: Deo, Bihar
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Sun-temple_DEO_Aurangabad_Bihar,India.jpg
- **image caption**: Deo Sun Temple
- **pushpin map**: India Bihar
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Bihar, India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: India
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision name1**: Bihar
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name2**: Aurangabad
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: N/A (Deo town was State before India Independence)
- **named for**: DEO
- **governing body**: MLA
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area rank**: 3
- **area total km2**: 18
- **elevation m**: 89
- **population total**: 171620
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Hindi language, Hindi,
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 824202
Chris Eubank

**Christopher Livingstone Eubank Sr.** (born 8 August 1966) is a British former professional boxer. He competed from 1985 to 1998. He held the WBO middleweight and super-middleweight titles. He is ranked by BoxRec as the third best British super-middleweight boxer of all time. He was known for his skills in being able to take powerful punches. Of his 52 fights, he won 45 (23 by knockout), lost five and drew twice.

Eubank was born in Dulwich, London. He is of Jamaican ancestry. He has been married twice. He has five children. One of his sons, Chris Eubank Jr., is also a professional boxer.
Chris Eubank Jr.

**Christopher Livingstone Eubank Jr.** (born 18 September 1989) is a British professional boxer. He boxes as a super-middleweight and formerly as a middleweight. He has held the IBO super-middleweight title since February 2019, having also held it from 2017 to 2018. He also held the WBA interim and British middleweight titles between 2015 and 2016. He has had 30 pro fights, winning 28 (21 by knockout) and losing twice.

Eubank was born in Hove, East Sussex. He is the son of former two-weight world boxing champion Chris Eubank.
Canelo Álvarez

**Santos Saúl Álvarez Barragán** (; born 18 July 1990), commonly known as **Canelo** or **Saúl Álvarez**, is a Mexican professional boxer. He has held multiple world championships in four weight classes from light middleweight to light heavyweight, including unified titles in three of those weight classes and lineal titles in two. In 2021, Álvarez became the first and only boxer in history to become the undisputed champion at super middleweight, holding this distinction until July 2024. He has also held the _Ring_ magazine super middleweight title.

Álvarez is known as an excellent counterpuncher, being able to exploit openings in his opponents' guards while avoiding punches with head and body movement. He is also known as a formidable body puncher.

## Infobox (boxer)

- **name**: Canelo Álvarez
- **image**: Saúl Álvarez.png
- **caption**: Álvarez in 2017
- **nickname**: _Canelo_ ("Cinnamon")
- **height**: 5 ft 9 in
- **reach**: 70+1/2 in
- **birth place**: Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- **style**: Orthodox
- **total**: 65
- **wins**: 61
- **ko**: 39
- **losses**: 2
- **draws**: 2
The Ship of the Dead

***The Ship of The Dead*** is the third novel in Rick Riordan's trilogy series _Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard_, based on Norse mythology.
Empusa

**Empousa** or **Empusa** was a female spirit in Greek mythology. The origin of the figure is unclear. Her mother was probably Hectate. Empousa seems to have been a spirit used to frighten people. In appearance, she probably resembled Mormo and Lamia. She seems to have had the ability to change her appearance or shape (known as shapeshifting).

One of the first to describe her was the Ancient Greek poet Aristophanes, in his comedy The Frogs: When the Greek god Dionisus is on the way to the underworld with his slave Xanthias, Empusa appears in different forms (animals: cow, donkey, dog), and finally as a woman. One of her legs is made of iron, the other is made of cow dung.
Night-watchman state

A **night-watchman state** is part of libertarian philosophy. Those who believe in a night-watchman state are called "minarchists" and they believe in **minarchism**. This view believes a government's only function is to protect the rights of its citizens.

## Overview

The military,  police, and  court system are provided to protect citizens, while the free markets handle everything else. Minarchists believe that the most efficient way of providing products and services is through the use of free markets. This is the belief of free market capitalism or laissez-faire capitalism.

Citizens should be protected from aggression, theft, broken contracts and fraud. Also property laws, specifically private property laws need to be enforced.

Ayn Rand, Robert Nozick, and Austin Petersen, Ron Paul, Rand Paul, Friedrich Hayek, Ludwig Von Mises, and Frederic Bastiat are well known for adopting minarchism as a part of their beliefs.

This idea of a night-watchman state is related to libertarianism. It is especially relevant to the USA, and rarely used in other contexts. However, it has its origin in the social history of 19th century Great Britain.
The Way of Walking Alone

**The Way of Walking Alone**("**Dokkōdō**"), also translated as "The Path of Aloneness", "The Going My Way" or "The Way to Go Forth Alone", is a short book by the swordsman and philosopher Miyamoto Musashi in 1645.

## Related pages

- The Book of Five Rings, written by Miyamoto Musashi
Colin Thiele

**Colin Milton Thiele**  (16 November 1920 – 4 September 2006) was an Australian author and educator. He had over 100 published works. He was known for his children's books. His most famous works were _Storm Boy_, _Blue Fin_, the _Sun on the Stubble_ series and _February Dragon_. _Storm Boy_ was made into movie twice, the first in 1976 and the second in 2019. In 1976, he was made a Companion of the Order of Australia for his work in writing and teaching.

Thiele was born in Eudunda, South Australia. At the start of his life, he only spoke German as part of the German community in the Barossa Valley. He served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) during the Second World War. He was married to Rhonda. The couple had two daughters.

Thiele died of heart failure on 4 September 2006 in Brisbane, Queensland. He was 85. There was not many news reports of his death. This was because it happened on the same day as fellow Australian, zookeeper and conservationist, Steve Irwin.
Hyponymy and hypernymy

In linguistics, a **hyponym** is a word that can be changed with a different and less precise word without changing the overall meaning of the phrase. The different word is its **hyperonym,** **hypernym** or **superordinate term**. **Hyponymy** is a relation to a more generic word. A hyponym can be part of a group of words on a similar level that can all be replaced by the same hypernym. For example, _pigeon_, _crow_, _eagle_ and _seagull_ are all hyponyms (co-hyponyms) of _bird_ (their hypernym). In turn, bird is a hyponym of _animal_. In a sentence such as 'The pigeon is flying over the church.', it is possible to change the word pigeon to _bird_ or _animal_ without changing the overall meaning of the sentence. This is because _pigeon_ is a hyponym of both _bird_ and _animal_.

A hypernym is sometimes also called an **umbrella term** or a **blanket term**.

The word "hyponym" comes from the Greek _hupó_, "under" and _ónoma_, "name". Hypernym comes from the Greek _hupér_, "over" and _ónoma_, "name". A hyponym can also sometimes be a phrase. A word can be both a hypernym and a hyponym.

## Usage

In computer science this relationship is often called an "is-a" relationship. For example, the phrase 'Red is-a colour' describes the hyponymic relationship between _red_ and _colour_.

The idea of hyponymy is very important in language translation. This is because hyponyms are very common across languages. For example, in Japanese the word for 'older brother' is , and the word for 'younger brother' is . An English-to-Japanese translator needs to choose which Japanese word to use to translate the English word _brother_. This can be difficult during machine translation because this information is often not available.

## Related pages

- Subcategory
- Synonym
- Taxonomy

## Other websites

- Hypernym at Everything2.com
Bunia

**Bunia** is a city in the Ituri Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the capital of Ituri province. It was part of the Orientale Province until that province was split up into smaller provinces in 2015. As of 2012 it had an estimated population of 366,126.

It lies at an elevation of 1275 m on a plateau about 30 km west of Lake Albert in the Albertine Rift, and about 25 km east of the Ituri Forest.

The city is at the center of the Ituri conflict between the Lendu and Hema. In the Second Congo War the city and district were the scene of much fighting and many civilian deaths from this conflict, and related clashes between militias and Uganda-based forces. Consequently, the city is the base of one of the largest United Nations peace-keeping forces in Africa, and its headquarters in northeastern DRC. The area's natural resources include gold mines over which militias and foreign forces have been fighting.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bunia
- **official name**: _Ville de Bunia_
- **settlement type**: Provincial capital and city
- **image skyline**: Bunia.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Bunia from the air, looking north toward the Nyakasanza district
- **pushpin map**: Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **pushpin mapsize**: 250
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Ituri Province, Ituri
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Ferdinand Fimbo Lebilye
- **area total km2**: 57.6
- **population as of**: 2012
- **population total**: 366126
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central Africa Time
- **utc offset**: +2
- **elevation m**: 1277
- **blank name sec1**: Köppen climate classification, Climate
- **blank info sec1**: Tropical savanna climate, Aw
- **blank name sec2**: Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, National language
- **blank info sec2**: Swahili language, Swahili
Retroactive continuity

**Retroactive continuity**, or **retcon**, is when some detail in a fictional story, such as a movie, TV, or book series, is added, changed, or ignored in a later part of the series. It can happen for several different reasons, like fixing a plot hole or getting rid of a detail that was disliked by many people.

There are a few main types of retcons.

The first is addition. This is a new detail added to give the reader or viewer a new understanding of the story. This detail would not have been planned when a series was first being made. For example, many people who watched Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope complained that the Death Star had an easily spotted and poorly placed weak point. This made it easier to be destroyed. George Lucas, the writer of Star Wars, did not have an explanation why. However, the writers of its prequel, Rogue One, later explained this. They wrote the story so that character Galen Erso, who is the main character Jyn Erso's father, made its weak point easily seen and poorly placed on purpose. He did this so he could help the Rebel Alliance destroy it.

The second is alteration. This is a detail goes against details already given. This is called a contradiction. For example, in Metal Gear Solid 2, the villain Revolver Ocelot tells the main character Solid Snake that Big Boss was in his late fifties when he gave his genes to make clones. This was the year 1972. However, in the prequel Metal Gear Solid 3, Big Boss is the main character. The game is set in 1964, but Big Boss is nowhere even close to being in his late forties or early fifties, which is how old he is supposed to be.

The third is subtraction. This is a detail that gets ignored or forgotten later in a series. For example, in the movie X-Men Origins: Wolverine, the villain Colonel Stryker experiments on the superhero Deadpool and turns him into Weapon 11. This made fans of Deadpool so unhappy that when the Deadpool movie came out it completely ignored the story given in X-Men Origins.
Equivalent weight

**Equivalent weight** in chemistry is also known as **gram equivalent**. It is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance.

The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1.008 gram of hydrogen or 8.0 grams of oxygen or 35.5 grams of chlorine. These values are the atomic weight divided by the usual valence. For oxygen, as an example, that is 16.0g / 2.

Equivalent weight has the dimensions and units of mass, unlike atomic weight, which is dimensionless. The equivalent weight of a compound can be got by dividing the molecular weight by the number of positive or negative electrical charges carried by its ions (which result from dissolving the compound).
Capoid

**Capoid race** was a word for the Khoikhoi and San peoples. American anthropologist Carleton S. Coon invented the word in 1962. The words means "looking like a person from the Cape of Good Hope". Coon divided human beings into five races. He called these races _Capoid_, _Congoid_, _Mongoloid_, _Australoid_, and _Caucasoid_. Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of five races was wrong.
Big Boss

**Big Boss** is a recurring character in the _Metal Gear_ series of video games, who serves as a hero or villain. He used his genes to make three clones of himself, Solid Snake, Liquid Snake and Solidus Snake. Figuratively, this makes him their father. He began as a soldier for the CIA special forces team, the FOX Unit. He later created and led a special forces team called FOXHOUND.

In _Metal Gear Solid 3_, Big Boss failed to rescue a scientist named Sokolov, because his mentor, the Boss, changes sides from the United States to the Soviet Union. It is later explained that the government ordered her to change sides because she was the only soldier Volgin would respect and trust enough to keep the Philosophers' legacy during World War II. The Boss later reunites with her former team of fellow soldiers, the Cobra Unit. She knew Big Boss, who was called Naked Snake in the game, would have to kill her as part of his mission, but she wanted to pass on her goal for him to complete. After he discovers the real reason for the Boss's death, he loses his patriotism and wants to unite the world under one government. This is so that the world's governments would not threaten to destroy each other with nuclear weapons. The government gives him a new code name, Big Boss. He dislikes the code name, because it reminded him that it was given to him for killing the Boss. She was one of the only he really cared for.

In Metal Gear 1 & 2, Big Boss attempts to use Metal Gear to destroy all world governments, but FOXHOUND agent Solid Snake (who is also one of Big Boss's clones) destroys it and stops him.
Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater

***Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater*** is the fifth game for the _Metal Gear_ series. It added many new gameplay features to the series. It marked the first game using camouflage in the environment. It is the prequel game for the timeline and the first game, which introduces Big Boss, Solid Snake's former commander, enemy and father.

## Plot

In 1964, the CIA sends Big Boss, who was then called Naked Snake, to a secret Soviet airbase in Pakistan. He is sent to rescue Sokolov. Sokolov is a Soviet scientist who left the Soviet Union with his wife and daughter. The United Stated sent him back to the USSR because US wanted the USSR  to take nuclear missiles out of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis. He is then forced to build a secret weapon called the Shagohod. This is a tank that can fire nuclear missiles in places that would otherwise be hard to do so. This building of this weapon is being overseen by Volgin. He is a Soviet officer who wants to destroy both the KGB and the Western world. Naked Snake almost completes his mission until his mentor, the Boss, betrays him. She does this by changing sides from the United States to the Soviet Union. After the mission fails, he is brought back to America.

One week later, he is sent back to the same Soviet base on a new mission, Operation Snake Eater. He must complete four tasks, rescue Sokolov, destroy the Shagohod, kill the Boss and the Cobra Unit, which is a team of supernatural soliders, and kill Volgin.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater
- **developer**: Konami Computer Entertainment Japan
- **publisher**: Konami
- **series**: _Metal Gear_
- **genre**: Action-adventure game, Action-adventure, Stealth game, stealth
- **modes**: Single-player
- **director**: Hideo Kojima
- **producer**: Hideo Kojima
- **designer**: Hideo Kojima
- **programmer**: Kazunobu Uehara
- **artist**: Yoji Shinkawa
Contradiction

A **contradiction** is when there are two or more statements that cannot all be true at the same time. A contradiction in logic can also be used to denote a self-contradictory statement, in which case it sometimes denoted by the symbol  or .

A story that shows what a contradiction is comes from China. In this story, there is a merchant who sells both spears and shields. He says that his spears are so sharp that they could break through any shield. At the same time, he says that his shields are so strong that they could block any spear. This is a contradiction, because these two statements cannot both be true. Either spear will break the shield or the shield will block the spear, but not both. For this reason, the word for contradiction in Chinese is _máodùn_ (矛盾), which literally means "spear and shield".

In Aristotle's logic, it is said that two contradictory propositions cannot both be true. For example, the propositions "A is B" and "A is not B" are mutually exclusive, meaning that only one, and not both, can be true. For example, the statements "the Pope is Catholic" and "the Pope is not Catholic" cannot both be true. Only one of the statements, and not the other, is true.

## Related pages

- Law of noncontradiction
- Paradox
- Reductio ad absurdum
Rebel Alliance

**The Rebel Alliance** (or **The Alliance to Restore the Republic**) was a group of people and aliens in the Star Wars series that fought the Galactic Empire and brought back freedom and democracy to the Star Wars galaxy. Important characters in the Rebel Alliance were Princess Leia, Bail Organa, Mon Mothma, Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, Chewbacca, R2-D2, and C-3PO, as well as Jyn Erso, Kanan Jarrus, and Admiral Ackbar.

After the Republic turned into the Empire, small cells of rebels loosely fought the Empire, led by Bail Organa. These cells later joined together into a larger Rebellion, stealing the plans of the Death Star and destroying it. Later, the Rebels fought again and destroyed the second Death Star, ending the Empire and restoring the Republic. Many of the Rebels would later join the Resistance against the First Order.
Code name

A **code name** is a secret name used to refer to a name, word, project or person. Spies are often referred to by their code name to make discovery more difficult. Code names may also be used in industrial espionage to protect secrets  from business rivals.

Secrecy is not the only reason for their use. Standard words and phrases are easier to hear on radio channels like walkie-talkies.

Code names became numerous in World War II. Names like Operation Barbarossa and Operation Overlord and the Manhattan Project became famous.
X-Men Origins: Wolverine

***X-Men Origins: Wolverine*** is a prequel to the X-Men movies. It is about the life of Wolverine before he became one of the X-Men.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: X-Men Origins: Wolverine
- **director**: Gavin Hood
- **music**: Harry Gregson-Williams
- **cinematography**: Donald McAlpine
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **runtime**: 107 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $150 million
- **gross**: $373.1 million
Snapple

**Snapple** is a flavored beverage in the United States. It was created in 1972 and is owned by the company Keurig Dr Pepper. It is based in Plano, Texas.

## Other websites

- Snapple website