juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fountain pen

A **fountain pen** is a pen which has a nib and a reservoir of ink.

The pen draws ink from the reservoir through a feed to the nib. The ink travels by a combination of gravity and capillary action. The nib is the part of the pen that writes on the paper. Different shapes and styles of nibs can change the amount of ink distributed and the thickness of your writing line. Most fountain pens have replaceable nibs. They can come in many different materials and styles and are ranked from extra-fine to extra broad.

Filling the reservoir with ink may be done manually, by a Pasteur pipette (eyedropper) or syringe. However, usually it is done by an internal filling mechanism which creates suction. A piston mechanism or a vacuum transfers ink directly through the nib into the reservoir. Some pens have removable reservoirs in the form of pre-filled ink cartridges.

## Nibs

According to Mathur "the modern fountain pen nib may be traced back to the original gold nib which had a tiny fragment of ruby attached to form the wear-point". Nibs tipped with platinum group alloys such as iridium have been used since the 1830s. Today, the main part of the nib are usually made of stainless steel and/or gold  The most popular gold content is 14 carat (58⅓%) and 18 carat (75%). The idea is that the nib should be flexible yet firm, and the tip extremely hard-wearing.

## Ink reservoir

Until the early 20th century, the ink in a fountain pen was kept directly in the barrel. The slim barrels were made of hard rubber, which came in two colours, black and red. Ink was put in these barrels with an eye-dropper. To do this, the user had to take off the nib section, put the ink in and replace the nib section. This operation required a quiet secluded place, which some people might not have.

In 1907, Walter A. Sheaffer patented the lever filler. This used a hinged lever set into the pen barrel which pressed down onto a bar which in turn compressed a rubber sac inside, creating a vacuum which pulled ink into the pen. This could be done without removing the nib section.

Introduced in 1912, this innovation was rapidly imitated by the other major pen makers. Parker introduced the button filler, which had a button hidden beneath a blind cap on the end of the barrel. When pressed, it acted on a pressure bar inside to depress the ink sac. Many other firms used a lever set flat along the barrel, which, when pulled, squeezed the rubber sac. It was the rubber sac which made all the difference between the founain pens of the 19th century and those of the 20th century. Other firms used a screw mechanism at the top end of the pen to squeeze the rubber sac.
John Habgood

**John Stapylton Habgood, Baron Habgood**,  (23 June 1927 – 6 March 2019) was a British Anglican bishop, academic, and life peer. He was Bishop of Durham from 1973 to 1983, and Archbishop of York from 18 November 1983 to 1995.

In 1995, he was made a life peer and was in the House of Lords after stepping down as Archbishop. He took a leave of absence in later life, and was one of the first peers to retire from the Lords in 2011.

Habgood died on 6 March 2019 at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Biography – John Habgood, on the Gifford Lectures site. 2000–2001 lectures are online.
- John Habgood – God debates at Cambridge website
- Contributions in the House of Lords
- "The Untidiness of Integration: John Stapylton Habgood" . Kevin Seybold, Volume 57 Number 2. June 2005. _PSCF_

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **embed**: yes
- **office**: Member of the House of Lords
 <small>Lord Temporal</small>
- **term start**: 8 September 1995
- **term end**: 3 October 2011
- **office2**: Member of the House of Lords
 <small>Lord Spiritual</small>
- **term start2**: 1973
- **term end2**: 1995


## Infobox (christian leader)

- **name**: The Lord Habgood
- **image**: John Stapylton Habgood (1981).jpg
- **caption**: Habgood in 1981
- **title**: Archbishop of York
- **province**: Province of York
- **diocese**: Diocese of York
- **enthroned**: 18 November 1983
- **term end**: 1995
- **predecessor**: Stuart Blanch, Baron Blanch, Stuart Blanch
- **successor**: David Hope, Baron Hope of Thornes, David Hope
- **other post**: Bishop of Durham (1973–1983)
- **ordination**: 1954
- **consecration**: 1973
- **birth name**: John Stapylton Habgood
- **religion**: Anglicanism, Anglican
Carolee Schneemann

**Carolee Schneemann** (October 12, 1939 – March 6, 2019) was an American visual experimental artist. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was known for her multi-media works on the body, narrative, sexuality and gender.

Schneemann received a B.A. from Bard College and a Master of Fine Arts from the University of Illinois. Her work was seen by research into visual traditions, taboos, and the body of the individual in relation to social bodies. Her works have been shown at the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the London National Film Theatre, and many other venues.

Schneemann died on March 6, 2019 at her home in New Paltz, New York from breast cancer at the age of 79.

## Other websites

- Obituary, Artlyst
- Carolee Schneemann's Website
- Carolee Schneemann in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art
- Carolee Schneemann: Kinetic Painting MoMA PS1
- Ubu.com page featuring _Fuses_
- Finding Aid for Carol Schneemann papers at the Getty Research Institute
New Paltz, New York

**New Paltz** () is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 14,407 at the 2020 census.
Llanito

**Llanito** or **Yanito** (pronounced ) is a dialect of Spanish heavily mixed with words from English and other languages, such as Ligurian; it is spoken at Gibraltar.
Robert Braithwaite (engineer)

**Robert Braithwaite**, CBE, DL (12 May 1943 – 7 March 2019) was a British entrepreneur and marine engineer. He was known as the Founder and President of the luxury powerboat manufacturer, alongside John Macklin, Sunseeker. He was born in Otley, Yorkshire.

Braithwaite died in the early hours of 7 March 2019, aged 75.
Pino Caruso

**Giuseppe Caruso** (12 October 1934 – 7 March 2019), best known as **Pino Caruso**, was an Italian actor, author and television personality. He was born in Palermo, Italy. He was known for his roles in _La governante_, _The Sunday Woman_ and in _Il ficcanaso_. Caruso was the president of the Italian Actors Union from 1979 to 1989.

Caruso died of complications from Parkinson's disease in Rome on 7 March 2019, aged 84.
Guillaume Faye

**Guillaume Faye** (; 7 November 1949 – 7 March 2019) was a French journalist and writer. He was born in Angoulême, France. In 1987, Guillaume Faye withdrew from politics. In 1990, he took part in Skyrock radio station as 'Skyman'. He also appeared in _Telematin_ episodes on the France 2 TV channel from 1991 to 1993. He took part in the _Rivarol_.

Faye died of complications from lung cancer on 7 March 2019, aged 69.

## Other websites

- Avant-Guerre: Chronique d’un cataclysme annoncé (Pre-War: Account of an Impending Cataclysm)._
- Le coup dEtat mondial: Essai sur le Nouvel Impérialisme Américain._
Carmine Persico

**Carmine John Persico Jr.** (August 8, 1933 – March 7, 2019), also known as "**Junior**", "**The Snake**" and "**Immortal**", was an American criminal and convicted racketeer. He was the long-time boss of the Colombo crime family from 1973 until his death. He was serving a sentence of 139 years in federal prison from 1987, until his death. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Persico died on March 7, 2019 in Durham, North Carolina from complications of diabetes, aged 85.

## Other websites

- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. CARMINE PERSICO, a/k/a "Junior,"
- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. CARMINE PERSICO, a/k/a "The Snake," a/k/a "Junior,"
- American Mafia.com Mob Hits 1991
William Powers Jr.

**William Charles Powers Jr.** (May 30, 1946 – March 10, 2019) was an American attorney, academic, and university administrator. He was the 28th president of the University of Texas at Austin, becoming the second-longest serving president in the university's history. He held the position from February 1, 2006 to July 2, 2015. Powers Jr. was born in Los Angeles, California.

Powers Jr. died from complications of a fall in Austin, Texas on March 10, 2019, aged 72.

## Other websites

- The University of Texas: Office of the President
- William C. Powers' Biography at the Office of the President
- The University of Texas School of Law: William C. Powers Profile
- Reeve, Hamilton. "Powers Will Give Up UT-Austin Presidency in June"
- Texas Admissions Brawl
Kelly Catlin

**Kelly Catlin** (November 3, 1995 – March 7, 2019) was an American professional racing cyclist. She rode for UCI Women's Team. Catlin won gold medals in the women's team pursuit at the 2016, 2017 and 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. She also won a silver medal in the same event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Catlin was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. She was a triplet.

Catlin killed herself on March 7, 2019 at Stanford University in Stanford, California. She was 23. Months before her death, she had a  concussion.
Michael Gielen

**Michael Andreas Gielen** (20 July 19278 March 2019) was an Austrian conductor and composer who promoted contemporary music in opera and concert.

He first worked in Vienna and was Generalmusikdirektor (GMD) of the Royal Swedish Opera. He conducted world premieres such as György Ligeti's _Requièm_, Karlheinz Stockhausen's _Carré_, and Bernd Alois Zimmermann's opera _Die Soldaten_ and his _Requiem für einen jungen Dichter_. He directed the Frankfurt Opera from 1977 to 1987. During his era, the company became one of the leading operas.

Gielen was also principal conductor of the Belgian National Orchestra (1969–1973), the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra (1980–1986) and the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra (1986–1999).

Gielen died on 8 March 2019 in Mondsee, Austria from pneumonia, aged 91.

## Other websites

- Michael Gielen University of Hamburg
- Michael Andreas Gielen, Music Information Center Austria

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Michael Gielen
- **image**: Uraufführung der Oper "Ein Traumspiel" von Komponist Aribert Reimann (Kiel 35.662).jpg
- **image upright**: 1.2
- **caption**: Joachim Klaiber, Aribert Reimann, and  Michael Gielen
- **birth name**: Michael Andreas Gielen
- **birth place**: Dresden, Weimar Republic, Germany
- **death place**: Mondsee (town), Mondsee, Austria
Ian Lawrence

**Ian William Lawrence**  (1937 – 8 March 2019) was an Australian-born New Zealand lawyer and politician. He was the Mayor of Wellington, the capital city of New Zealand, from 1983 to 1986. Lawrence was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He was a member of the conservative Wellington Citizens' Association.

Lawrence was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to local government and the community.

Lawrence died in Jerusalem on 8 March 2019 from stomach cancer. He was 82.
Alberto Bucci

**Alberto Bucci** (25 May 1948 – 9 March 2019) was an Italian professional basketball coach. He was president of Virtus Bologna from 2016 to 2019. He won three Italian championships and four Italian Cups. Bucci was widely thought of as one of the greatest Italian coaches of all time. He was born in Bologna, Italy.

Bucci died in Bologna from pancreatic cancer on 9 March 2019, aged 70.

## Other websites

- Italian League Coach Profile
Bernard Binlin Dadié

**Bernard Binlin Dadié** (10 January 1916 – 9 March 2019) was an Ivorian novelist, playwright, poet, and administrator. He was the Minister of Culture in the government of Ivory Coast from 1977 to 1986. He was born in Assinie, Ivory Coast. He wrote folktales about colonialism.

Dadié's works were seen in Steven Spielberg's 1997 movie _Amistad_ where the text of Dadié's poem, "Dry Your Tears, Afrika" (“Sèche Tes Pleurs“) was used for a song of the same name.

He turned 100 in January 2016 and died in Abidjan on 9 March 2019 at the age of 103.

Dadié received several awards in recognition of his literary career, with one of the last being the _Grand Prix des Mécènes_ of the GPLA in 2016.
Harry Howell

**Henry Vernon Howell** (December 28, 1932 – March 9, 2019) was a Canadian professional hockey player. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario. Howell played for the NHL with the teams New York Rangers, Oakland Seals and the Los Angeles Kings. Howell was added into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1979.

Howell died at a care facility in Hamilton of complications from Alzheimer's disease on March 9, 2019 at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Anderson, Dave. "Two Rangers Sweaters Will Rise Where a Cup Banner Didn't," _The New York Times_, Sunday, February 22, 2009.
Beverly Byron

**Beverly Barton Byron** (née **Butcher**; July 27, 1932 – February 9, 2025) was an American politician. Byron was a member of the Democratic Party. She was the U.S. Representative representing the 6th congressional district of Maryland from January 3, 1979, to January 3, 1993. She was replaced by Roscoe Bartlett.

Byron was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She studied at Hood College in Frederick, Maryland.

Byron died at her home in Frederick, Maryland from heart failure on February 9, 2025, at the age of 92.

## Other websites

- Byron Family Papers, circa 1860s-1993, 66 linear feet, at the University of Maryland Libraries Special Collections.
- Beverly Barton Butcher Byron Papers, 1961-1993, 136.50 linear feet at the University of Maryland Libraries Special Collections.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Beverly Byron
- **image name**: Beverly Byron.jpg
- **birth name**: Beverly Barton Butcher
- **birth place**: Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
- **death place**: Frederick, Maryland, Frederick, Maryland, U.S.
- **state**: Maryland
- **district**: Maryland's 6th congressional district, 6th
- **term start**: January 3, 1979
- **term end**: January 3, 1993
- **preceded**: Goodloe Byron
- **succeeded**: Roscoe Bartlett
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**:

- **father**: Harry C. Butcher
- **alma mater**: Hood College
World Trade Center (2001–present)

The **World Trade Center** is an almost completed complex of skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, New York City, U.S. It is built on the site of the original complex that was destroyed during the September 11 attacks of 2001. There are six skyscrapers in the complex. As of 2025, four of them have been built. There is a PATH Transit station, a New York City Subway station, and a memorial for 9/11. One World Trade Center is part of it, which is the tallest building in North America.

## WTC buildings

- One World Trade Center
- 2 World Trade Center (under construction)
- 3 World Trade Center
- 4 World Trade Center
- 5 World Trade Center (on hold)
- 7 World Trade Center

## Related pages

- List of tallest buildings

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: World Trade Center
- **status**: Under construction
- **image**: Lower_Manhattan_from_Jersey_City_September_2020_HDR_panorama_(cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **location**: New York City
- **groundbreaking date**: 2002
- **owner**: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, The Durst Organization
- **antenna spire**: 1 WTC:
- **main contractor**: Tishman Realty & Construction, Tishman Realty & Construction Company
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

**Excessive daytime sleepiness**  (or **EDS**) is a medical condition where people often feel sleepy during the day, even though they had enough sleep at night. EDS occurs with many sleep disorders. It is a defining feature of some sleep disorders such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea or Circadian rhythm sleep disorder. EDS is difficult to treat without knowing its cause. There are certain drugs that can help with EDS. In general, many treatments of the underlying disease (which causes the sleepiness) will also take into account EDS. The drugs which can treat EDS are usually stimulants.
Swifton, Arkansas

**Swifton** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Sparkman, Arkansas

**Sparkman** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Na. Muthukumar

**Nagarajan Muthukumar** (12 July 1975 – 14 August 2016)  was an Tamil poet, lyricist, and author. He was born in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India.

Muthukumar was best known for his Tamil language movie songs. He received the most number of Filmfare Awards for Best Lyricist in Tamil and was a two-time recipient of the National Film Award for Best Lyrics for his works in _Thanga Meenkal_ (2013) and _Saivam_ (2014).

Muthukumar, who had been suffering from jaundice for long, died on the morning of 14 August 2016, at his Chennai residence due to cardiac arrest. He was aged 41.
Marion County, South Carolina

**Marion County** is a county in the state of South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 29,183 people lived there. Its county seat is Marion.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Marion County
- **state**: South Carolina
- **ex image**: Mt. Olive Baptist Church, 301 Church St., Mullins, South Carolina.JPG
- **ex image cap**: Mt. Olive Baptist Church in Mullins, South Carolina
- **founded**: 1798
- **named for**: Francis Marion
- **seat wl**: Marion
- **largest city wl**: Marion
- **city type**: community
- **area total sq mi**: 494.17
- **area land sq mi**: 489.37
- **area water sq mi**: 4.80
- **area percentage**: 0.97
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 29183
- **population density sq mi**: 59.63
- **web**: www.marionsc.org
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **district**: 7th
- **motto**: "It's just right!"
Clarendon, Texas

**Clarendon** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
İrsen Küçük

**İrsen Küçük** (1940 – 10 March 2019) was a Turkish Cypriot politician. He was the Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus from 2010 to 2013. He was the nephew of Republic of Cyprus's first Vice-President Dr Fazıl Küçük.

Küçük died on 10 March 2019 in North Nicosia, Northern Cyprus from heart failure, aged 79.
Hal Blaine

**Hal Blaine** (born **Harold Simon Belsky**; February 5, 1929 – March 11, 2019) was an American rock drummer and session musician. He was one of the most known session drummers. He was known for his works with the Wrecking Crew. He also performed alongside Frank Sinatra.

In 2018, Blaine received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Blaine died on March 11, 2019 at the age of 90 in Los Angeles.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Hal Blaine
- **image**: Hal Blaine in 1995.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **caption**: Blaine recording at the Record Plant in 1995
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Harold Simon Belsky
- **birth place**: Holyoke, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop, rock and roll
- **occupation**: Musician
- **years active**: 1940s–2019
- **associated acts**: The Wrecking Crew (music), Wrecking Crew, The Beach Boys, The Byrds, Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Johnny Rivers, Simon & Garfunkel, Neil Diamond, John Denver, Barbra Streisand, Captain & Tennille
Martín Chirino

**Martín Chirino López** (1 March 1925 – 11 March 2019) was a Spanish sculptor. He was the co-founder of the group El Paso (The Step) in 1957. Chirino worked mainly with iron and his work was categorized as abstract art. Chirino was born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. In 1979 his exhibition "Afrocan" at the Grace Borgenicht Gallery received positive reviews by the New York press.

In October 2014, he was appointed as honorary member of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando.

Chirino died on 11 March 2019 in Madrid from prostate cancer, aged 94.
Daniel Tijolo

**Daniel Silva dos Santos**, also known as **Daniel Tijolo** (May 30, 1982 – February 10, 2019), was a Brazilian defensive midfielder. He played several years in Japan. He was born in Cabo Frio, Brazil. He played for Ventforet Kofu, Nagoya Grampus and for Oita Trinita.

He died of lung cancer in Cabo Frio on February 10, 2019 at the age of 36.

## Club statistics

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2009|Ventforet Kofu|J2 League|44|2|1|0|–|45|2|
|2010|28|1|1|0|–|29|1|||
|2011|J1 League|28|1|0|0|1|0|29|1|
|2012|Nagoya Grampus|30|0|3|0|2|0|35|0|
|2013|24|1|1|0|2|0|27|1||
|2014|Oita Trinita|J2 League|11|2|–|–|11|2||
|2015|28|0|2|0|–|30|0|||

## Other websites

- Profile at Oita Trinita
- Daniel se apresentam no Cruzeiro
- Guardian Stats Centre

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Daniel
- **image**: Daniel Silva dos Santos.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **fullname**: Daniel Silva dos Santos
- **birth place**: Cabo Frio, Brazil
- **death place**: Cabo Frio, Brazil
- **position**: Midfielder#Defensive midfielder, Defensive Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 2001–2002
- **youthclubs1**: Rio das Ostras
- **years1**: 2003
- **years2**: 2004
- **years3**: 2005–2009
- **years4**: 2006
- **years5**: 2007
- **years6**: 2007
- **years7**: 2007–2008
- **years8**: 2009–2011
- **years9**: 2012–2013
- **years10**: 2014
- **years11**: 2014
- **years12**: 2014–2016
- **clubs1**: Associação Desportiva Cabofriense, Cabofriense
- **clubs2**: Mixto-MT
- **clubs3**: Associação Desportiva Cabofriense, Cabofriense
- **clubs4**: → Paysandu Sport Club, Paysandu (Loan)
- **clubs5**: → Ituano Futebol Clube, Ituano (Loan)
- **clubs6**: → Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, Cruzeiro (Loan)
- **clubs7**: → Associação Desportiva São Caetano, São Caetano (loan)
- **clubs8**: Ventforet Kofu
- **clubs9**: Nagoya Grampus
- **clubs10**: Associação Desportiva Cabofriense, Cabofriense
- **clubs11**: Vila Nova Futebol Clube, Vila Nova
- **clubs12**: Oita Trinita
- **caps6**: 5
- **goals6**: 0
- **caps8**: 100
- **goals8**: 4
- **caps9**: 54
- **goals9**: 1
- **caps10**: 10
- **goals10**: 1
- **caps11**: 2
- **goals11**: 0
- **caps12**: 39
- **goals12**: 2
- **pcupdate**: 10 June 2015
Ivan Irwin

**Ivan Duane Irwin** (March 13, 1927 – February 11, 2019) was an American-born Canadian professional ice hockey defenseman. He played 155 games in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers and Montreal Canadiens. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Irwin was raised in Toronto, Ontario.

Irwin died in Ajax, Ontario on February 11, 2019 from pneumonia, aged 91.
Jeffrey Hart

**Jeffrey Peter Hart** (February 23, 1930 – February 16, 2019) was an American cultural critic, essayist and columnist. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. Hart was Professor Emeritus of English at Dartmouth College. Hart took a leave of absence from Dartmouth in 1968 to work for the abortive presidential campaign of Governor of California Ronald Reagan. This role led to brief service as a White House speechwriter for Richard Nixon.

Hart died on February 16, 2019 in Fairlee, Vermont of complications from dementia, aged 88.
Fairlee, Vermont

**Fairlee** is a town in Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 988 at the 2020 census. It includes the village of Ely. Fairlee is home to Lake Morey, which claims to have the longest ice skating trail in the United States.

## Other websites

- Town of Fairlee

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fairlee, Vermont
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Connecticut Valley at Fairlee, VT and Orford, NH.jpg
- **image caption**: Fairlee from Morey Mountain
- **image map**: fairlee_vt_highlight.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Located in Orange County, Vermont
- **image map1**: Map of USA VT.svg
- **mapsize1**: 195px
- **map caption1**: Location of Vermont with the US
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Vermont
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Vermont, County
- **subdivision name2**: Orange County, Vermont, Orange
- **established title**: Chartered
- **established date**: 1761
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 54.6
- **area land km2**: 51.8
- **area water km2**: 2.8
- **area total sq mi**: 21.1
- **area land sq mi**: 20.0
- **area water sq mi**: 1.1
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 988
- **population density sq mi**: 49.4
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 440
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 05045
- **area code**: Area code 802, 802
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 50-25675
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1457398
- **website**: [http://www.fairleevt.org/ www.fairleevt.org]
Marie-Claire Bancquart

**Marie-Claire Bancquart** (21 July 1932 – 19 February 2019) was a French poet, essayist, professor emerita and literary critic. She was the recipient of the Grand prix de la Critique littéraire of the Académie Française.

Her poetry was known for its visceral nature, often exploring the human body as a means of exploring emotion and humanity. Bancquart was born in Aveyron, France. In addition to her many volumes of poetry, Bancquart has also published books and essays on subjects such as surrealism and Anatole France.

Bancquart died in Paris from bone cancer on 19 February 2019, aged 86.
Dick Boushka

**Richard James Boushka** (July 29, 1934 – February 19, 2019) was an American basketball player. He competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics winning the gold medal. Boushka was born in Springfield, Illinois. Boushka played at Saint Louis University.

Boushka died on February 19, 2019 in Port St. Lucie, Florida from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 84.
Fred Gloden

**Frederick Jean Gloden Jr.** (December 21, 1918 – February 25, 2019) was an American football halfback. He played one season with the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League. He played college football at Tulane University. He was also a member of the Miami Seahawks of the All-America Football Conference.

Gloden served in the United States Navy during World War II. Gloden was the second oldest living former NFL player, after Jack Smith. He was born in Dubuque, Iowa.

Gloden died on February 25, 2019 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the age of 100.
Jack Smith (end)

**John Bullas Smith** (August 11, 1917 – June 6, 2015) was an American football end in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and the Washington Redskins. He studied at Stanford University. Smith was born in Los Angeles, California.
Stanley Price (writer)

**Stanley Price** (12 August 1931 – 28 February 2019) was a British novelist and playwright. He wrote for the theatre, movie and television. He was born in London. Price was known for writing the screenplays for _Arabesque_, _Gold_ and _Shout at the Devil_. For television, he wrote _A Royal Scandal_. Price was born in London.

Price died on 28 February 2019 in London at the age of 87.
Summer Wars

is a 2009 Japanese animated science fiction movie. It was directed by Mamoru Hosoda and produced by Madhouse. It was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures Japan. Production of the movie started in 2006. The first trailer of the movie was released in April 2009.

_Summer Wars_ premiered in Japan on August 1, 2009. It won the 2010 Japan Academy Prize for Animation of the Year. It also won the 2010 Japan Media Arts Festival's Animation Division Grand Prize and the Anaheim International Film Festival's Audience Award for Best Animated Feature. It was nominated for the 2009 Golden Leopard award at the Locarno International Film Festival.

## Infobox (name module)

- **kanji**: サマーウォーズ
- **romaji**: Samā Wōzu


## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Summer Wars
- **border**: yes
- **director**: Mamoru Hosoda
- **screenplay**: Satoko Okudera
- **story**: Mamoru Hosoda
- **music**: Akihiko Matsumoto
- **cinematography**: Yukihiro Matsumoto
- **editing**: Shigeru Nishiyama
- **studio**: Madhouse (company), Madhouse
- **distributor**: Warner Bros., Warner Bros. Pictures Japan
- **runtime**: 114 minutes
- **country**: Japan
- **language**: Japanese
- **gross**: United States dollar, US$18.4 million
Butanone

**Butanone**, also called **methyl ethyl ketone** (**MEK**), is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH<sub>3</sub>C(O)CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>. It is a simple ketone with four carbon atoms. It smells sharp and sweet, like butterscotch and acetone mixed. It is soluble in water and is used as a solvent.
Pentanone

**Pentanone** can mean any of these ketones that have five carbon atoms:

- 2-Pentanone (Methyl propyl ketone, MPK)
    - 3-Methyl-2-butanone (Methyl isopropyl ketone, MIPK)
- 3-Pentanone (Diethyl ketone, DEK)
2-Pentanone

**2-pentanone**, or **methyl propyl ketone** (**MPK**), is an organic compound. It is a ketone and is very similar to butanone, but it is more expensive to make. Because of this, it isn't used as a solvent as often as butanone. Some of it is found in tobacco.
3-Pentanone

**3-Pentanone**, also called **diethyl ketone**, is an organic compound. It is a ketone with five carbon atoms. It smells like acetone and is soluble in water. It is used as a solvent in paint and is used to make vitamin E.
Ljubomir Popović

**Ljubomir** "**Ljuba**" **Popović** (14 October 1934 – 12 August 2016) is a Serbian-born French surrealist painter. He was known for his many erotic and unusual subject matters. He was also known for his short documentary movie _L'amour monstre de tous les temps_ (1978) by Walerian Borowczyk. He was born in Tuzla, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (modern-day Bosnia).

Popović died on 12 August 2016 in Belgrade, Serbia at the age of 81.

## Main works

- _Les pèlerins d'Emmaüs_ (1960-1962)
- _L'apparition_ (1967-1968)
- _La Tentation de Saint Antoine_ (1972)
- _Le Jugement de l'âme_ (1984)
- _Le Théâtre de la cruauté_ (1990)
- _L'Innocence dévorée_ (2001)
W. Carter Merbreier

**W. Carter Merbreier** (August 2, 1926 – August 9, 2016) was an American television personality. He was ordained Lutheran minister and former police chaplain for the Philadelphia Police Department. Merbreier created and co-hosted the long-running syndicated children's television series _Captain Noah and His Magical Ark_ from 1967 to 1994.

Merbreier was born on August 2, 1926 in Prospect Park, Pennsylvania and died on August 9, 2016 in Audubon, Pennsylvania at the age of 90.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: W. Carter Merbreier
- **birth place**: Prospect Park, Pennsylvania, Prospect Park, Pennsylvania, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Audubon, Pennsylvania, Audubon, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **television**: _Captain Noah and His Magical Ark_
- **spouse**: Patricia Merbreier
- **children**: 1 daughter
- **mother**: Retta Carter
- **father**: Adolphe Merbreier
Glenn Yarbrough

**Glenn Robertson Yarbrough** (January 12, 1930 – August 11, 2016) was an American folk singer and guitarist. He was the lead singer (tenor) with the Limeliters from 1959 to 1963. He was known for his songs "Baby the Rain Must Fall", "It's Gonna Be Fine", "San Francisco Bay Blues". He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Yarbrough died of problems from dementia in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 86.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Glenn Yarbrough
- **image**: Glenn Yarbrough.png
- **caption**: Yarbrough in 1965
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Glenn Robertson Yarbrough
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee, United States, U.S.
- **birth place**: Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
- **instrument**: Vocals, Guitar
- **genre**: Folk music, Folk
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 1951–2010
- **label**: RCA Victor
- **associated acts**: The Limeliters
Charles Toubé

**Charles Toubé** (22 January 1958 – 4 August 2016) was a Cameroonian football player. He played for Tonnerre Yaoundé and Cameroon national football team. He was born in Yaoundé.

Toubé died at a hospital in Douala on 4 August 2016 at the age of 58.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Charles Toubé
- **fullname**: Charles Toubé
- **birth place**: Yaoundé, French Cameroon
- **death place**: Douala, Cameroon
- **position**: Midfielder (football), Midfielder
- **years1**: 1977–1982
- **clubs1**: Tonnerre Yaoundé
- **caps1**: ?
- **goals1**: ?
- **nationalyears1**: 1978–1984
- **nationalteam1**: Cameroon national football team, Cameroon
- **nationalcaps1**: 9
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Tyronza, Arkansas

**Tyronza** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Stephens, Arkansas

**Stephens** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Century egg

A **century egg** is a cured duck egg. They are made by putting the egg in a mix of clay, salt, quicklime, and ash. A century egg is not really 100 years old. People call it a century egg because it looks different and takes months to make. Century eggs can also be made from quail or chicken eggs.

## Infobox (food)

- **name**: Century egg
- **image**: Century egg sliced open.jpeg
- **caption**: A century egg sliced open
- **alternate name**: preserved egg, hundred-year egg, thousand-year egg, thousand-year-old egg, millennium egg, black egg, blacking egg, skin egg
- **country**: Chinese cuisine, China
- **main ingredient**: Egg (food), Egg preserved in clay, wood ash, ash, salt, Calcium oxide, quicklime, and rice hulls
- **variations**: duck egg, duck, chicken egg, chicken or quail egg, quail eggs
Charlene, Princess of Monaco

**Charlene, Princess of Monaco** (born 25 January 1978), is the wife of Prince Albert II. She is a former Olympic swimmer.

## Early life

Charlene was born at Mater Dei Hospital in Bulawayo, Rhodesia, She is eldest child of Michael Wittstock and Lynette Wittstock, Wittstock family also from Germany. She have two brothers is calling as Gareth and Sean her family, Her brother is a coffee house businessman in Monaco, Another brother as a promotions and events businessman in South Africa. Her great-great-grandparents is an emigrated to South Africa from the Pomeranian village of Zerrenthin in northern Germany in 1861 to escape hardship. In South Africa, the Wittstocks worked as handyworkers and unsuccessfully prospected for diamonds.

She studied at Tom Newby Primary school in Benoni, South Africa.

Titles and Styles

25 January 1978-1 July 2011

1 July 2011 Her Serene Highness Princess Charlene of Monaco

National Honours

Monaco: Knight Grand Cross of Order of Saint-Charles (16 November 2012)

Monaco: Recipient of the Medal for Physical Education and Sports, First Class (1 July 2011)

Foreign Honours

France: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (6 June 2025)

Italy: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Italy (28 July 2014)

Malta: Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Dame Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Order of Saint John (22 April 2025)

Poland: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland (28 September 2012)

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **name**: Charlene
- **succession**: Princess consort of Monaco
- **reign**: 1 July 2011 – present
- **image**: Charlene, Princess of Monaco-6.jpg
- **caption**: Princess Charlene at the wedding of Princess Madeleine of Sweden in June 2013
- **birth name**: Charlene Lynette Wittstock
- **birth place**: Bulawayo, Rhodesia
(today Zimbabwe)
- **father**: Michael Kenneth Wittstock
- **mother**: Lynette Humberstone
- **occupation**: Swimmer
- **signature**: Signature_of_HSH_Princess_Charl%C3%A8ne_of_Monaco.jpeg
Archimedes number

**Archimedes' number** is named after the Greek Archimedes.

In viscous fluid dynamics, the Archimedes number (**Ar**)  is used when the motion of fluids is affected by density differences.
It is a dimensionless number, the ratio of  gravitational forces to viscous forces.

The relationship and has the form:

where:
- is the local external field (for example gravitational acceleration), ,
- is the density of the fluid, ,
- is the density of the body, ,
- is the dynamic viscosity, ,
- is the characteristic length of body, .
Lorna Doone

***Lorna Doone: A Romance of Exmoor*** is a novel written by Richard Doddridge Blackmore. The novel was published in 1869. The story begins in late 17th century in the United Kingdom towns of Devon and Somerset. The story shows the romance of a group of people living around the East Lyn Valley area of Exmoor. A 2003 BBC's survey The Big Read selected the novel as one of the Top 200 Books ever published.

## Other websites

- IMDb Listing of movies based on Lorna Doone
- HTML online text of _Lorna Doone_
- _Lorna Doone_ at Silver Sirens

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Lorna Doone
- **image**: Lorna Doone - cover - Project Gutenberg eText 17460.jpg
- **alt**: Cover of an illustrated 1893 edition of _Lorna Doone_
- **caption**: 1893 edition
- **author**: Richard Doddridge Blackmore, R D Blackmore
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Fiction
- **published**: 1869
- **publisher**: Sampson Low of publisher Son, & Marston
- **media type**: Print
Eurico Miranda

**Eurico Ângelo de Oliveira Miranda** (7 June 1944 – 12 March 2019) was a Brazilian politician and sports businessman. He was president of Vasco da Gama from 2014 until 17 January 2018. He was president of Vasco da Gama between 2001 and 2008. In politics, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1995 to 2002.

Miranda died on 12 March 2019 in Rio de Janeiro from brain cancer, aged 74.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Eurico Miranda
- **image**: CPIDFDQ - CPI do Futebol – 2015 (22184240451).jpg
- **office**: Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Federal Deputy for Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro
- **term start**: 1 January 1995
- **term end**: 31 December 2002
- **office1**: President of CR Vasco da Gama, Vasco da Gama
- **term start1**: 2 December 2014
- **term end1**: 17 January 2018
- **predecessor1**: Roberto Dinamite
- **successor1**: Alexandre Campello
- **term start2**: 22 January 2001
- **term end2**: 30 June 2008
- **predecessor2**: Antônio Soares Calçada
- **successor2**: Roberto Dinamite
- **birth name**: Eurico Ângelo de Oliveira Miranda
- **birth place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **death place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **education**: Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro
- **party**: Progressistas
- **otherparty**: Liberal Party (Brazil), Partido Liberal
- **spouse**: Sylvia Brandão Miranda
- **children**: 4
- **parents**: Álvaro Miranda
Alexandra de Oliveira Miranda
- **profession**: Jurist
- **signature**: Assinatura_Eurico_Miranda.jpg
Ghazali Jaafar

**Ghazali Jaafar** (6 May 1944 – 13 March 2019) was a Filipino military personnel and politician. He served for the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). He was the Chairman of the Bangsamoro Transition Commission (BTC). Briefly from 26 February 2019 until his death, he was the Speaker of the Bangsamoro Parliament.

Jaafar died at a hospital in Davao City of kidney failure on 13 March 2019, aged 75.
David Garman

**David Edmund Talbot Garman** OBE (9 May 1922 – 4 January 2019) was a British inventor and businessman. He was born in Thakeham, West Sussex, England. Garman invented the first portable powered bath lift in 1981 —a lift to assist people with mobility problems getting in and out of the bath. He was the founder and Chairman of Mangar International Limited, Mangar International (Holdings) Limited and Mangar 2013 Limited.

Garman died in Wales on 4 January 2019, aged 96.
Sue Povey

**Susan Povey** FMedSci (1942 – 11 January 2019), also known as **Sue**, was a British geneticist. From 1970 to 2000 she was at the Medical Research Council's Human Biochemical Genetics Unit at the Galton Laboratory.

She was a professor at University College London from 2000 to 2007, becoming Emeritus after retirement.

She was chair of the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee from 1996 to 2007. Povey was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) in 2000.

Povey died on 11 January 2019 at the age of 76.
Tom Warner

**Tom Warner** (February 6, 1948 – January 11, 2019) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Rochester, New York. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 1992 to 1999. Warner was the first Florida Solicitor General serving from 1999 to 2002.

Warner died of prostate cancer in Stuart, Florida on January 11, 2019 at the age of 70.
Dale Dodrill

**Dale Fike Dodrill** (February 27, 1926 – January 18, 2019) was an American football defensive tackle. He played nine seasons for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1951 to 1959.  He was born in Stockton, Kansas and studied at Colorado State University. In 1961, Dodrill started Dodrill Insurance in Denver, Colorado. After building a successful business, Dodrill sold Dodrill Insurance to his sons in 1991.

Dodrill died of complications from Alzheimer's disease on January 18, 2019 in Denver, Colorado, aged 92.
Paul Barrett

**Paul Franklyn "Legs" Barrett** (14 December 1940 – 20 January 2019) was a British talent agent and manager. He also was an actor. Barrett was the discoverer, mentor and first manager of Shakin' Stevens during the 1960s and 1970s. He also managed Wee Willie Harris, Bill Haley's original Comets, the Jets, Matchbox, Crazy Cavan and the Rhythm Rockers and Linda Gail Lewis.

Barrett died on 20 January 2019 at the age of 78.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Paul "Legs" Barrett
- **image**: Paul 'Legs' Barrett.jpg
- **caption**: Paul 'Legs' Barrett in his office
- **background**: non_performing_personnel
- **birth name**: Paul Franklyn Barrett
- **origin**: Blackwood, Caerphilly, Blackwood, Wales
- **occupation**: Rock and roll music manager and agent, author
- **years active**: 1958–2019
- **associated acts**: Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets, Dave Edmunds, Wee Willie Harris, Bill Haley and the Comets, The Jets (British rockabilly band), The Jets, Matchbox (band), Matchbox, Crazy Cavan and the Rhythm Rockers, Screaming Jay Hawkins, Linda Gail Lewis.
- **website**: [http://www.rockabillyhall.com/PaulBarrett.html rockabillyhall.com]
St. Francis, Arkansas

**St. Francis** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Rosemarie Bowe

**Rosemarie Bowe Stack** (born **Rose Marie Bowe**; September 17, 1932 – January 20, 2019) was an American model and actress. She was best known for her movie roles in the 1950s. She was born in Butte, Montana and raised in Tacoma, Washington.

Bowe was married to actor Robert Stack from 1956 until his death in 2003. She was known for her role in _The Adventures of Hajji Baba_. She also starred in John Cassavetes' _Big Trouble_ (1986).

Bowe's great-nephew is SNL comedian Taran Killam.

In October 1969, Bowe was in a car accident in Sacramento, California, and had serious internal injuries. She crashed into a concrete culvert. Kathleen Lund, the wife of Art Lund was killed in the accident. Art Lund filed a $750,000 wrongful death suit, saying Stack was driving at an "excessive speed" during the accident.

Bowe died on January 20, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Rosemarie Bowe at Glamour Girls of the Silver Screen
- Rosemarie Bowe on the cover of _Life_ magazine, June 23, 1952
Turrell, Arkansas

**Turrell** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Richard Bodycombe

**Richard Bodycombe** (April 29, 1922 – January 23, 2019) was an American major general in the United States Air Force. He was Commander of the United States Air Force Reserve Command.

As chief of Air Force Reserve he served as the principal adviser on Reserve matters to the Air Force Chief of Staff. As commander of AFRES he had full responsibility for the supervision of U.S. Air Force Reserve units around the world.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Richard Bodycombe
- **image**: MGEN Bodycombe, Richard.jpg
- **birth place**: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
- **allegiance**: United States, United States of America
- **branch**: United States Air Force
- **serviceyears**: 1944–1982
- **rank**: Major General (United States), Major General
- **awards**: Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, Distinguished Flying Cross, Air Medal with oak leaf cluster, Air Force Commendation Medal, Army Commendation Medal and Purple Heart.
Wooster, Arkansas

**Wooster** is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Hagarville, Arkansas

**Hagarville** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Johnson County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 142 at the 2020 census.
John Jeffries

Sir **John Francis Jeffries**  (28 March 1929 – 25 January 2019) was a New Zealand politician and judge. He was a judge on the High Court from 1976 until his retirement in 1992. He was the 14th Deputy Mayor of Wellington City from 1971 to 1974. Jeffries was born in Wellington. He was a member of the Labour Party.

Jeffries died on 25 January 2019 in Wellington, aged 89.
Jan Wahl

**Jan Boyer Wahl** (April 1, 1931 – January 29, 2019) was an American children's author. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He was an author of over 120 works, and was known primarily for his award-winning children's books, including _Pleasant Fieldmouse_, _The Furious Flycycle_, and _Humphrey's Bear_.

Wahl died on January 29, 2019 in Toledo, Ohio from prostate cancer, aged 87.
Paul Talalay

**Paul Talalay** (31 March 1923 – 10 March 2019) was a German-born American pharmacologist. He was born in Germany.

Talalay was the John Jacob Abel Distinguished Service Professor of Pharmacology and Director of the Laboratory for Molecular Sciences at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. He was the founder of The Brassica Chemoprotection Laboratory for the study of edible plants that creates protective enzyme activity in the body and may help prevent the development of cancer.

Talalay died on 10 March 2019 from congestive heart failure in Baltimore, Maryland, aged 95.
Altstätten

**Altstätten** is a municipality in Rheintal in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Altstätten
- **image photo**: Altstätten Panorama.jpg
- **municipality name**: Altstätten
- **municipality type**: town, municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Altstätten SG COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Altstätten.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: St. Gallen
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SG
- **district**: Rheintal (Wahlkreis), Rheintal
- **postal code**: 9450
- **municipality code**: 3251
- **area**: 39.46
- **elevation**: 455
- **elevation description**: Cross of Rorschacher- and Churerstrasse
- **website**: www.altstaetten.ch
- **mayor**: Ruedi Mattle
- **mayor asof**: March 2014
- **mayor party**: independent
- **mayor title**: Stadtpräsident
- **list of mayors**: List of mayors of Altstätten
- **parliament name**: none (Bürgerversammlung)
- **executive name**: Stadtrat
- **executive number of members**: 7
- **places**: Lüchingen, Hueb, Unter-Kobelwies, Kornberg, Gätziberg, Warmesberg, Hinterforst Lienz, Plona
- **neighboring municipalities**: Eichberg, St. Gallen, Eichberg, Feldkirch, Austria, Feldkirch (AT-8), Gais, Switzerland, Gais (AR), Marbach, St. Gallen, Marbach, Oberegg District, Oberegg (AI), Oberriet, Ruggell (LI), Rüte (AI), Rüthi, Sennwald, Trogen (AR)
A. Ernest Fitzgerald

**Arthur Ernest "Ernie" Fitzgerald** (July 31, 1926 – January 31, 2019) was an American engineer. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He was a member of the Senior Executive Service in the United States Air Force. He was well known as a U.S. government whistleblower. In 1968, Fitzgerald reported a $2.3 billion cost overrun in the Lockheed C-5 aircraft program. As a result, he was fired by Secretary Melvin Laird under the orders of President Richard Nixon.

Fitzgerald died on January 31, 2019 in Falls Church, Virginia, aged 92.