juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Michigan's 2nd congressional district

**Michigan's 2nd congressional district** is a United States congressional district in Western Michigan. From 2003 to 2013, it was made-up of the counties of Benzie, Manistee, Wexford, Mason, Lake, Oceana, Newaygo, Muskegon, Ottawa, and the northern portion of Allegan and the northwest portion of Kent.

## Major cities

- Allendale
- Fremont
- Grand Haven
- Grandville
- Holland
- Hudsonville
- Kentwood
- Ludington
- Muskegon
- Muskegon Heights
- Norton Shores
- Spring Lake
- Walker
- Wyoming
- Zeeland

## Voting

|colspan="3"|Election results from presidential races||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Year|Office|Results|||
||2020|President|align="right"|Trump 55 - 43%|
||2018|Senate|align="right"|James 55 - 43%|
||2018|Governor|align="right"|Schuette 52 - 43%|
||2016|President|align="right"|Trump 56 - 38%|
||2012|President|align="right"|Romney 56 - 43%|
||2008|President|align="right"|McCain 51 - 48%|
||2004|President|align="right"|Bush 60 - 39%|
||2000|President|align="right"|Bush 59 - 38%|
||1996|President|align="right"|Dole 50 - 41%|
||1992|President|align="right"|Bush 45 - 34%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: Michigan
- **district number**: 2
- **image caption**: Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023
- **representative**: John Moolenaar
- **party**: Republican
- **residence**: Caledonia
- **percent urban**: 74.26
- **percent rural**: 25.74
- **population**: 791,423
- **population year**: 2023
- **median income**: $63,043
- **percent white**: 87.8
- **percent hispanic**: 4.7
- **percent black**: 2.0
- **percent asian**: 0.5
- **percent native american**: 0.7
- **percent more than one race**: 4.0
- **percent other race**: 0.3
- **cpvi**: R+15
Zeeland, Michigan

**Zeeland** ( ) is a city in Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. About 5,719 lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Zeeland, Michigan
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: City Hall 2020.jpg
- **image map**: Ottawa_County_Michigan_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Zeeland_Highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Zeeland within Ottawa County, Michigan
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Michigan, County
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision name1**: Michigan
- **subdivision name2**: Ottawa County, Michigan, Ottawa
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total sq mi**: 3.01
- **area land sq mi**: 2.99
- **area water sq mi**: 0.02
- **area total km2**: 7.80
- **area land km2**: 7.75
- **area water km2**: 0.05
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 5719
- **population density sq mi**: 1912.07
- **population density km2**: 738.21
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 649
- **elevation m**: 198
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 49464
- **area code**: Area code 616, 616
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 26-89260
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1616917
- **website**: http://www.ci.zeeland.mi.us/
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Hudsonville, Michigan

**Hudsonville** is a city in Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  About 7,629 people lived here since the  2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Hudsonville, Michigan
- **settlement type**: City
- **nickname**: Michigan's Salad Bowl
- **image skyline**: Hudsonvillewelcomesign.jpg
- **image caption**: Hudsonville Welcome Sign in 2023.
- **image map**: Ottawa_County_Michigan_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Hudsonville_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location of Hudsonville within Ottawa County, Michigan
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Michigan, County
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision name1**: Michigan
- **subdivision name2**: Ottawa County, Michigan, Ottawa
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 10.67
- **area land km2**: 10.67
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 4.12
- **area land sq mi**: 4.12
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 7629
- **population density sq mi**: 1852.15
- **population density km2**: 715.19
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 630
- **elevation m**: 201
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 49426
- **area code**: Area code 616, 616
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 26-39800
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0628773
- **website**: http://www.hudsonville.org/
Richard Laird

**Richard Laird** (July 4, 1939 – December 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1978 to 2014. He was born in Rome, Georgia.

Laird died of COVID-19 on December 14, 2020, in Carrollton, Georgia at age 81.
Jack Page (politician)

**John G. Page III** (January 18, 1950 – December 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 29th district from 1993 to 2010. He was born in Kokura, Kyushu, Japan.

Page died of COVID-19 on December 14, 2020, in Gadsden, Alabama at age 70.
Anthony Casso

**Anthony Salvatore Casso** (May 21, 1942 – December 15, 2020), nicknamed "**Gaspipe**", was an Italian-American mobster and former underboss of the Lucchese crime family.

Casso was known as a "homicidal maniac" in the Italian-American Mafia.

He is suspected of having done dozens of murders, and had confessed to involvement in between 15 and 36 murders.

Following his arrest in 1993, Casso became one of the highest-ranking members of the Mafia to turn informant. In 1998, he was sentenced to 455 years in prison for racketeering, extortion, and murder.

Casso died on December 15, 2020 while in prison in Tucson, Arizona from COVID-19 at the age of 78.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Anthony Casso
- **image name**: AnthonyCassoNJmugshot.jpg
- **image caption**: 1993 FBI mugshot of Anthony Casso
- **birth name**: Anthony Salvatore Casso
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **death place**: Tucson, Arizona, U.S.
- **other names**: Gaspipe
- **allegiance**: Lucchese crime family
- **conviction**: Racketeering, extortion, murder (1998)
- **conviction penalty**: 455 years imprisonment
- **occupation**: Mobster
- **children**: 2
Kálmán Sóvári

**Kálmán Sóvári** (21 December 1940 – 16 December 2020) was a Hungarian footballer. He played for Újpesti Dózsa as a defender. He played 17 games for the Hungary national football team from 1960 to 1966. He was born in Budapest.

Sóvári died on 16 December 2020 in Budapest at the age of 79.
Lorenzo Taliaferro

**Lorenzo Taliaferro** (December 23, 1991December 16, 2020) was an American football fullback. He played college football at Coastal Carolina. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in 2014. He was born in Yorktown, Virginia.

Taliaferro died on December 16, 2020 in Williamsburg, Virginia from a heart attack, aged 28.
Adela de Torrebiarte

**Adela Ana María del Rosario Camacho Sinibaldi de Torrebiarte** (March 30, 1949 – December 15, 2020) was a Guatemalan politician. She was born in Guatemala City, Guatemala. She was a member of the Commitment, Renewal and Order.

She was Minister of the Interior from 2007 to 2008. De Torrebiarte was President of the National Football Federation from 2016 to 2017. In 2020, she became a member of the Congress of the Republic of Guatemala.

De Torrebiarte died of lung cancer in Guatemala City on 15 December 2020.
Renê Weber

**Renê Carmo Kreuz Weber** (16 July 1961 – 16 December 2020), was a Brazilian football player and manager. He was born in Roque Gonzales, Rio Grande do Sul.

In 1986, he played for the national team. He mainly played for Fluminense and Vitória.

On 16 December 2020, Weber died in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 59 from COVID-19.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Renê Weber
- **fullname**: Renê Carmo Kreuz Weber
- **birth place**: Roque Gonzales, Rio Grande do Sul, Roque Gonzales (Rio Grande do Sul, RS–Brazil)
- **death place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 1983
- **clubs1**: Sport Club Internacional, Internacional
- **years2**: 1984–1987
- **clubs2**: Fluminense FC, Fluminense
- **years3**: 1987–1991
- **clubs3**: Vitória S.C., Vitória de Guimarães
- **years4**: 1992
- **clubs4**: Fluminense FC, Fluminense
- **years5**: 1993
- **clubs5**: America Football Club (RJ), America
- **nationalyears1**: 1986
- **nationalteam1**: Brazil national football team, Brazil
- **manageryears1**: 2002
- **managerclubs1**: America Football Club (RJ), America
- **manageryears2**: 2003
- **managerclubs2**: Club Sporting Cristal, Sporting Cristal
- **manageryears3**: 2004–2005
- **managerclubs3**: Brazil national under-20 football team, Brasil U20
- **manageryears4**: 2005–2006
- **managerclubs4**: Al Shabab Al Arabi Club (Dubai), Al Shabab
- **manageryears5**: 2006–2007
- **managerclubs5**: Sharjah FC, Sharjah
- **manageryears6**: 2007
- **managerclubs6**: Criciúma Esporte Clube, Criciúma
- **manageryears7**: 2007–2008
- **managerclubs7**: Vila Nova Futebol Clube, Vila Nova
- **manageryears8**: 2008–2009
- **managerclubs8**: Sociedade Esportiva e Recreativa Caxias do Sul, Caxias
- **manageryears9**: 2009
- **managerclubs9**: Grêmio FBPA, Grêmio (assistant)
- **manageryears10**: 2010
- **managerclubs10**: Figueirense Futebol Clube, Figueirense
- **manageryears11**: 2010
- **managerclubs11**: Associação Atlética Anapolina, Anapolina
- **manageryears12**: 2010–2011
- **managerclubs12**: Al-Shaab CSC, Al-Shaab
- **manageryears13**: 2013
- **managerclubs13**: Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama, Vasco da Gama (assistant)
- **manageryears14**: 2013
- **managerclubs14**: São Paulo Futebol Clube, São Paulo (assistant)
- **manageryears15**: 2014
- **managerclubs15**: Clube Atlético Mineiro, Atlético Mineiro (assistant)
- **manageryears16**: 2015
- **managerclubs16**: Nova Iguaçu Futebol Clube, Nova Iguaçu
- **manageryears17**: 2018–2019
- **managerclubs17**: DPMM FC
Sigillaria

***Sigillaria*** is a lycopod fossil of the late Carboniferous and early Permian. They were typical coal forest trees similar to the _Lepidodendron_. These swamp forest trees grew to 50 meters. They were anchored by an extensive network of branching underground roots.

It was a lycopod, an early land plant. This was one of the trees which made up the Carboniferous coal-forests.

It had thin grasslike leaves that grew on the stem. The stem of the plant was green. Sigillaria reproduced with spores. It went extinct about 300 million years ago.
Hennadiy Kernes

**Hennadiy Adolfovych Kernes** (,  27 June 1959 – 17 December 2020) was a Ukrainian politician. In 2010, he became Mayor of Kharkiv. He was born in Kharkiv.

Kernes was hospitalized in September 2020 with COVID-19 in Berlin. He died on 17 December 2020 from kidney failure caused by COVID-19 at the age of 61.
Satya Deo Singh

**Satya Deo Singh** (27 February 1945 – 17 December 2020) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1991 and resigned in 1998. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was President of Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha from 1980 to 1985. Singh was born in Kolkata, West Bengal.

Singh died on 17 December 2020 in Kolkata from cardiac arrest caused by COVID-19, aged 75.
Rosaly Papadopol

**Rosaly Davidman Papadopol** (23 February 1956 – 16 December 2020) was a Brazilian actress. She was born in São Paulo, São Paulo. Her career began in 1975. Papadopol was known for her roles as Florinda in the 1987 drama _Night Angels_ and as Sofia in the 2001 crime _Bellini and the Sphinx_.

Papadopol died of lymphoma on 16 December 2020 in São Paulo at the age of 64.
Stephen Tjephe

**Stephen Tjephe** (1 August 1955 – 16 December 2020) was a Burmese Roman Catholic prelate. Tjephe was born in Danoku, Myanmar. He became a priest in 1984. In 2009, Pope Benedict XVI made Tjephe the Titular Bishop of Nova Barbara. In 2015, Pope Francis made him Bishop of Loikaw.

Tjephe died on 16 December 2020 in Loikaw, Myanmar at the age of 65.
Penang F.C.

**Penang Football Club** (or simply known as **Penang FC**) is a Malaysian professional football club based in George Town, Penang that currently plays in the Malaysia Premier League.

It was unofficially founded in 1920.

## Other websites

- Penang FA official website

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Penang Football Club
- **nickname**: The Panthers
_(Harimau Kumbang)_
- **ground**: City Stadium (Penang), City Stadium
- **capacity**: 20,000
- **season**: 2020 Malaysia Premier League, 2020
- **current**: 2020 Penang FA season
- **pattern la1**: _yellowborder
- **pattern b1**: _vgrey
- **pattern ra1**: _yellowborder
- **leftarm1**: 0e0ea3
- **body1**: 0e0ea3
- **rightarm1**: 0e0ea3
- **shorts1**: 0e0ea3
- **socks1**: 0e0ea3
- **pattern la2**: _blueborder
- **pattern b2**: _blueshoulders
- **pattern ra2**: _blueborder
- **leftarm2**: fcff02
- **body2**: fcff02
- **rightarm2**: fcff02
- **shorts2**: fcff02
- **socks2**: fcff02
- **pattern b3**: _whiterightsash
- **leftarm3**: ff0000
- **body3**: ff0000
- **fullname**: Penang Football Club
- **founded**: (Unofficial)
  (Official)
- **chrtitle**: President
- **chairman**: Amar Pritpal Abdullah
- **coach**: Tomas Trucha
- **league**: Malaysia Super League
- **position**: Malaysia Premier League, 1st (promoted)
- **website**: http://www.fapenang.my/
Namat Abdullah

**Namat Abdullah** (30 March 1946 – 17 December 2020) was a Malaysian football player. He was born in Penang, Malaysia. Abdullah played for Penang F.C. between 1967 and 1977. He also played for the national team between 1967 and 1975.

Abdullah died on 17 December 2020 in Perak, Malaysia from stomach cancer at the age of 74.
Maciej Grubski

**Maciej Tomasz Grubski** (20 August 1968 – 17 December 2020) was a Polish politician. He was a member of the Civic Platform. From 2007 to 2019, Grubski was a member of the Senate of Poland. Grubski was born in Łódź, Poland.

Grubski died on 17 December 2020 in Łódź from COVID-19 at the age of 52.
Happiest Season

***Happiest Season*** is a 2020 American romantic comedy movie directed by Clea DuVall. The movie stars Kristen Stewart, Mackenzie Davis, Alison Brie, Aubrey Plaza, Dan Levy, Mary Holland, Victor Garber and Mary Steenburgen.

The movie is about a woman who has a hard time to tell her conservative parents that she is a Lesbian and in a relationship with her roommate during Christmas.

It was released in the United States on November 25, 2020 by Hulu to strong positive reviews.
Michael Hogan (Canadian actor)

**Michael Hogan** (born 1949) is a Canadian actor. He is known for his roles as Colonel Saul Tigh in the 2004 _Battlestar Galactica_ series, Billy in _The Peanut Butter Solution_, the voice of  Armando-Owen Bailey in the _Mass Effect_ series, Gerard Argent in _Teen Wolf_ and the voice of General Tullius in _The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim_.

On February 17, 2020, Hogan had a brain injury after falling and hitting his head which caused him to have memory loss and paralysis.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Michael Hogan 2018.jpg
- **caption**: Hogan at the 2018 FedCon
- **name**: Michael Hogan
- **birth place**: Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada
- **spouse**: Susan Hogan (actress), Susan Hogan
- **children**: 4, including Gabriel Hogan, Gabriel
- **alma mater**: National Theatre School of Canada
- **occupation**: Actor
Ann Cusack

**Ann Cusack** (born May 22, 1961) is an American actress. She was born in New York City. Cusack is the sister of actors John Cusack and Joan Cusack. Cusack is known for her comedy roles in _A League of Their Own_ (1992), _Multiplicity_ (1996) and _The Informant!_ (2009).
Mary Holland

**Mary Holland** (born June 24, 1985) is an American actress and comedian. She was born in Galax, Virginia. In 2015, Holland was cast in the Starz series _Blunt Talk_, playing Shelly Tinkle. She also played Shawnee Tanz on _Veep_.
Jeffrey Donovan

**Jeffrey Thomas Donovan** (born May 11, 1968) is an American actor. He played Michael Westen in the television series _Burn Notice_.

He starred in the movies _Hitch_, _Believe in Me_, _Changeling_ and _Come Early Morning_. He played Robert F. Kennedy in Clint Eastwood's _J. Edgar_ (2011) and his brother John F. Kennedy in Rob Reiner's _LBJ_.

He played Dodd in the second season of the TV series _Fargo_ (2015).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jeffrey Donovan
- **image**: JeffreyDonovanUSONov09.jpg
- **caption**: Donovan in November 2009
- **occupation**: Actor
- **birth name**: Jeffrey Thomas Donovan
- **birth place**: Amesbury, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **children**: 3
- **yearsactive**: 1995–present
- **education**: Bridgewater State University
University of Massachusetts Amherst, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
New York University
Amesbury, Massachusetts

**Amesbury** is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts. About 17,366 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Amesbury, Massachusetts
- **nickname**: Carriagetown
- **motto**: "Make history here!"
- **image skyline**: Amesbury_Town_Hall.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Amesbury City Hall
- **image seal**: Seal of Amesbury, Massachusetts.png
- **image shield**: Logo of Amesbury, Massachusetts (arched).png
- **image blank emblem**: Logo of Amesbury, Massachusetts (horizontal).png
- **blank emblem type**: Wordmark
- **blank emblem size**: 100px
- **image map**: Essex County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Amesbury highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Essex County, Massachusetts, Essex County and Massachusetts
- **pushpin map**: USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Massachusetts
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Massachusetts, County
- **subdivision name2**: Essex County, Massachusetts, Essex
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1642
- **established title2**: Incorporated (town)
- **established date2**: 1668
- **established title3**: Incorporated (city)
- **established date3**: 1996
- **government type**: Mayor-council government, Mayor-council city
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 35.57
- **area total sq mi**: 13.73
- **area land km2**: 31.84
- **area land sq mi**: 12.29
- **area water km2**: 3.73
- **area water sq mi**: 1.44
- **settlement type**: City
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 545.48
- **population density sq mi**: 1412.79
- **elevation m**: 15
- **elevation ft**: 50
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 01913
- **area code**: Area code 351, 351 / Area code 978, 978
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 25-01260, 25-01185
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0618292
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population total**: 17366
Bokeem Woodbine

**Bokeem Woodbine** (born April 13, 1973) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Mike Milligan on the second season of _Fargo_, Daniel in season 2 of the WGN series _Underground_ and Herman Schultz/Shocker in the movie _Spider-Man: Homecoming_.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Bokeem Woodbine.jpg
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **name**: Bokeem Woodbine
- **caption**: Woodbine in 2011.
- **birth place**: Harlem, New York City, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1992–present
Royal Belgian Football Association

The **Royal Belgian Football Association** is the organization that controls football in Belgium. They won the FIFA Fair Play Award in 1992.

## Teams and competitions

- Men's national team
- Woman's national team
- First Division A
- First Division B
- Belgian Cup
- Belgian Supercup
- Women's competitions:
    - Super League
    - First Division
    - Second Division
    - Third Division
    - Belgian Women's Cup

## Other websites

- Official website
- Belgium  at FIFA site
- Belgium at UEFA site
Group 8 element

**Group 8** is a group of elements in the periodic table.

Group 8 has iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os) and hassium (Hs).

Group 8 is in the transition metals section.
Mekozhoor

**Mekozhoor** is a village in Kerala, Pathanamthitta. It is in the Panchayat called Mylapra.
Jacques Lambinon

**Jacques Lambinon** (born 28 September 1936 in Namur and died in Liège on 14 November 2015) was a Belgian botanist. He was a professor at the University of Liège and member of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium.

He is the main author of the _New Flora of Belgium, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Northern France and neighbouring regions_ which is used by thousands of students.

He was a recognized specialist of:

- Taxonomy of the vascular plants of Western Europe and the Mediterranean basin,
- Nature conservation (especially problems of introduced and reintroduced plants), scientific popularization of botany, botanical nomenclature
- Vegetation-entomofauna relationships (cecidology, co-evolution, pollination ...)
- Mycology and lichenology,
- Radioecology

Among his very numerous functions, we can mention his role in the direction of the herbarium (Vascular plants) of the University of Liege.

He was a member of many scientific committees such as the Flore de Corse or the National Botanical Conservatory of Bailleul.

He was editor, proofreader and relentless proofreader, he was editorial secretary of "Lejeunia, Revue de Botanique", secretary of the Society for the Exchange of Vascular Plants of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin and correspondent (since 1983) of the Med-Checklist editorial committee (Geneva & Berlin).

## Works

- Serusiaux E., & J Lambinon 1994
Bacidia clauzadei sp.nov., une espèce nouvelle de lichen foliicole produisant des cils conidiogènes. Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Provence, 45:349-35

- Verloove F. & Lambinon J 2006
The non native vascular flora of Belgium  Systematics and Geography of Plants 76: 217-220
Interstate 296

**Interstate 296** (**I-296**) is an Interstate Highway near Grand Rapids in Kent County, Michigan, United States. It runs between the Interstate 196 near Downtown Grand Rapids; and the Interstate 96 in Walker. It is around  long and is part of the U.S. Route 131 for most of the route. It first opened in December 1962, but is now not shown on signs and is only shown as the U.S. Route 131.

## Other websites

- I-296 at Michigan Highways
- I-296  at Interstate Guide—Photos of termini and scan of 1970s Michigan map before the freeway designation was "hidden"
- I-296 at kurumi.com

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: MI
- **route**: 296
- **type**: I
- **map notes**: I-296 highlighted in red
- **map alt**: I-296 runs north–south parallel to the Grand River connecting I-196 in Grand Rapids with I-96 in Walker, Michigan
- **spur type**: I
- **spur of**: 96
- **length mi**: 3.393
- **established**: December 17, 1962
- **history**: Approval granted to remove signage on December 3, 1979
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Grand Rapids
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: in Walker, Michigan, Walker
- **previous type**: MI
- **previous route**: 294
- **next type**: MI
- **next route**: 311
- **counties**: Kent County, Michigan, Kent
El cerco de Numancia

***El cerco de Numancia (The siege of Numancia)*** is a tragedy written in 1585 by the Spanish writer and soldier Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. It tells the story of the defeat of Numancia by the Roman Empire in the 2nd century BC.

The play is also known as _The Numancia_, _Comedy of the siege of Numancia_, _The destruction of Numancia_ and _Tragedy of Numancia_. Two handwritten copies of the play have survived.  One copy is in the National Library of Spain which is an actor's script from the 17th century. Another copy, the codex _Sancho Rayón_, is held by the Hispanic Society of America. This copy was made by Antonio of Sancha in 1784, with modern spelling, together with another play, the _Trip of the Parnaso_. Both copies are believed to be based closely on the original, although the modern editors prefer to use _The Numancia_ from the manuscript _Sancho Rayón_.
Arizona (1940 movie)

***Arizona*** is a 1940 American western movie directed by Wesley Ruggles and was based on the 1939 novel of the same name by Clarence Budington Kelland. It stars Jean Arthur, William Holden, Warren William, Porter Hall, Edgar Buchanan, George Chandler, Colin Tapley and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941.
Too Many Husbands

***Too Many Husbands*** is a 1940 American romantic comedy movie directed by Wesley Ruggles and was based on the 1919 play of the same name by W. Somerset Maugham. It stars Jean Arthur, Fred MacMurray, Melvyn Douglas, Harry Davenport, Dorothy Peterson, Meville Cooper and was distributed by Columbia Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941.
Monster's Ball

***Monster's Ball*** is a 2001 American romantic drama movie directed by Marc Forster and starring Billy Bob Thornton, Halle Berry, Heath Ledger, Peter Boyle, Sean Combs, Mos Def. It was distributed by Lionsgate Films and was nominated for 2 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 2002.
Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence

***Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence*** (Japanese: 戦場のメリークリスマス, Hepburn: Senjō no Merī Kurisumasu - "Merry Christmas on the Battlefield", also known in many European editions as , is a 1983 British Japanese New Zealand World War II movie directed by Nagisa Oshima and was based on the 1963 novel _The Seed and the Sower_ by Laurens van der Post. It stars David Bowie, Jack Thompson, Tom Conti, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Takeshi Kitano, Alistair Browning, Yuya Uchida and won a BAFTA Award in 1984.
Teairra Marí

**Teairra Marquisha Thomas** (born December 2, 1987) professionally known as **Teairra Marí**, is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, actress and model.

## Career

Marí was discovered by the American music mogul Jay Z while she was 16 years old. Jay Z signed her under his label Roc-A-Fella records. In the same year, she released her debut album, titled ‘Roc-A-Fella Records Presents Teairra Mari’, which turned out to be a major debacle. It was a critical success but struggled in garnering the expected sales numbers. This failure threatened to destroy her musical career even before it started and she exited from the label during the production of her second album. A few years later, she got another chance to redeem her career with the single ‘Hunt 4 U’, and its success enabled her to approach studios to produce her second album. It was eventually released with the title ‘At that Point’. She embarked into acting in 2009 with the film ‘The Magnificent Cooly-T’. Thereafter, she appeared in another film ‘Lottery Ticket’ in 2010. She has also released some mix tapes featuring some well known artists of this era and has tasted success with her latest album, ‘Night Shift’ which was released in 2017.

## Personal life

According to Teairra, she was in an-again-off-again relationship for nine years with Brandy Norwood's brother Ray J. In September 2014, Ray J claimed that Teairra was physically abusive to him during their relationship. In 2011, Teairra was arrested in Beverly Hills, California for allegedly assaulting a police officer. In July 2015, Mari was charged with battery after her Uber driver alleged that she punched him and stole his phone charger after he originally declined to let her charge her phone in his car. Nonetheless, the court case had ended in a mistrial when the judge had to excuse himself due to illness in early 2017.

## Discography

- _Roc-A-Fella Records Presents Teairra Marí_ (2005)
- _At That Point_ (2009)
- _Sex on the Radio_ (2012)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Tierra Mari, July 05.jpg
- **caption**: Teairra in 2005
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Teairra Marquisha Thomas
- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan, United States
- **years active**: 2003–present
Chips Ahoy!

**Chips Ahoy!** is the one of the largest cookie brands, baked and marketed by Nabisco, a subsidiary of Mondelēz International, that was started in 1963.

Chips Ahoy! currently has 28 unique flavors worldwide.
Michael S. Regan

**Michael Stanley Regan** (born August 6, 1976) is an American environmentalist and politician. Regan was the 16th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency from 2021 until 2025. He was the secretary of North Carolina's Department of Environmental Quality from 2017 until 2021.

He was an air quality specialist in the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

On December 17, 2020, it was reported that then President-elect Joe Biden nominated Regan to serve as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 11, 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Michael S. Regan official photo.jpg
- **office**: 16th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **deputy**: Janet McCabe
Jane Nishida (acting)
- **term start**: March 11, 2021
- **term end**: December 31, 2024
- **predecessor**: Andrew R. Wheeler
- **successor**: Lee Zeldin
- **office1**: 2nd Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
- **governor1**: Roy Cooper
- **term start1**: January 3, 2017
- **term end1**: March 11, 2021
- **predecessor1**: Donald van der Vaart
- **successor1**: Dionne Delli-Gatti
- **birth place**: Goldsboro, North Carolina
- **spouse**: Melvina
- **children**: 1
- **education**: North Carolina A&T State University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
George Washington University (Master of Public Administration, MPA)
Juan Pérez-Giménez

**Juan Manuel Pérez-Giménez** (March 28, 1941 – December 10, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Judge on the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico from 1979 until his death. He was chief judge of the court from 1984 to 1991. Pérez-Giménez was nominated to the court by President Jimmy Carter. He was born in Río Piedras, Puerto Rico.

Pérez-Giménez died on December 10, 2020 in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico at the age of 79.
James Atwell

**The Very Reverend James Edgar Atwell, MA, BD** (3 June 1946 – 12 December 2020) was an English Anglican priest who was Dean of Winchester from 2006 to 2016. Atwell was born in Calne, Wiltshire.

Atwell died on 12 December 2020 at the age of 74.
Sal Rocca

**Sal Rocca** (October 29, 1946 – December 13, 2020) was an Italian-born American politician and real estate developer. He was born in Casalvieri, Italy. He was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives from 1975 to 1980, 1983 to 1994, and 2001 to 2004.

Before 1992, he was a member of the Democratic Party. Afterwards, Rocca was a Republican. Rocca was raised in Detroit, Michigan.

Rocca died of COVID-19 in Troy, Michigan on December 13, 2020 at the age of 74.
Segundo Galicia Sánchez

**Segundo Galicia Sánchez** (August 11, 1938 – December 14, 2020) was a Peruvian professor and sociologist. He was born in Virú, Peru. He was a full-time professor and researcher, "C" holder of the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, (UAS), Mexico. He also was a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores.

Galicia Sánchez died on December 14, 2020 in Mazatlán, Mexico at the age of 82.
John Obiero Nyagarama

**Nyagarama** (1946 – 18 December 2020), formally known as **John Obiero Nyagarama**, was a Kenyan politician. He was the first Governor of Nyamira County from 2013 until his death. He was a member of the Orange Democratic Movement. Nyagarama was born in Nyamira County, Kenya.

Nyagarama was diagnosed with COVID-19 on 15 December 2020 and was hospitalized in Nairobi, Kenya. He died three days later from respiratory failure caused by the infection, aged 74.
Rahah Noah

**Rahah binti Mohamed Noah** (11 June 1933 – 18 December 2020) was a Malaysian socialite. She was the widow of former Malaysian Prime Minister Abdul Razak Hussein. Noah was born in Muar, Johor.

Noah died on 18 December 2020 in Kuala Lumpur at the age of 87.
Jeremy Bulloch

**Jeremy Bulloch** (16 February 194517 December 2020) was an English actor. He was best known for the role of the bounty hunter Boba Fett in _The Empire Strikes Back_ and _Return of the Jedi_. Bulloch was born in Market Harborough, Leicestershire.

Bulloch died on 17 December 2020 in London from Parkinson's disease-related problems, aged 75.
Pierre Buyoya

**Pierre Buyoya** (24 November 1935 – 17 December 2020) was a Burundian politician and soldier. He was the President of Burundi two times from 1987 to 1993 and from 1996 to 2003. Buyoya was the second longest-serving Burundian president.

Buyoya died on 17 December 2020 in Paris from COVID-19 at the age of 85.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Pierre Buyoya
- **image**: Pierre Buyoya at Chatham House 2013 crop.jpg
- **caption**: Buyoya in 2013
- **office**: 3rd List of Presidents of Burundi, President of Burundi
- **vicepresident**: Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira
Mathias Sinamenye
Domitien Ndayizeye
- **primeminister**: Pascal-Firmin Ndimira
- **term start**: 25 July 1996
- **term end**: 30 April 2003

- **predecessor**: Sylvestre Ntibantunganya
- **successor**: Domitien Ndayizeye
- **primeminister1**: Adrien Sibomana
- **term start1**: 9 September 1987
- **term end1**: 10 July 1993
- **predecessor1**: Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
- **successor1**: Melchior Ndadaye
- **birth place**: Rutovu, Ruanda-Urundi

- **death place**: Paris, France
- **spouse**: Sophie Buyoya
- **party**: Union for National Progress
- **alma mater**: École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
Hypovolemic shock

**Hypovolemic shock** is a medical emergency and an advanced form of hypovolemia. It is caused by low amounts of blood and/or fluid inside the human body to let the heart pump enough blood to the body.

Hypovolemic shock happens when there is a low amount of intravascular volume to the point of heart failure. The hypovolemic shock could be due to severe dehydration or from blood loss.
His Kind of Woman

***His Kind of Woman*** is a 1951 American crime movie directed by John Farrow and Richard Fleischer and starring Robert Mitchum, Jane Russell, Vincent Price, Tim Holt, Charles McGraw, Raymond Burr, Marjorie Reynolds, Leslie Banning. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.
Stanley Cowell

**Stanley Cowell** (May 5, 1941 – December 17, 2020) was an American jazz pianist. He was the co-founder of the Strata-East Records label. Cowell was born in Toledo, Ohio.

During the late 1980s, Cowell was part of a regular quartet led by J.J. Johnson. Cowell taught in the Music Department of the Mason Gross School of the Arts at Rutgers University in New Jersey.

Cowell died at a hospital in Dover, Delaware from hypovolemic shock-related problems on December 17, 2020 at the age of 79.
Enrico Ferri (politician)

**Enrico Ferri** (17 February 1942 — 17 December 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. He was born in La Spezia, Italy. Ferri was a member of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party.

Ferri was Minister of Public Works from 1988 to 1989 during the Ciriaco De Mita cabinet. From 1992 to 1994, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. From 1993 to 1995, he was Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party. From 1989 to 1994, he was a Member of the European Parliament.

Ferri died on 17 December 2020 in Pontremoli, Italy after a long-illness, aged 78.
Pontremoli

**Pontremoli** (; ) is a small city in the province of Massa and Carrara, Tuscany region, central Italy.

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: Pontremoli
- **official name**: Comune di Pontremoli
- **image skyline**: PontremoliView.jpg
- **image shield**: Pontremoli-Stemma2.png
- **region**: Tuscany
- **province**: Province of Massa-Carrara, Massa and Carrara (MS)
- **frazioni**: See #List of frazioni, list
- **mayor**: Lucia Baracchini
- **area total km2**: 182
- **population total**: 7357
- **population as of**: 31 December 2015
- **population demonym**: Pontremolesi
- **elevation m**: 236
- **saint**: Saint Geminianus
- **day**: January 31
- **postal code**: 54027
- **area code**: 0187
Jacó Roberto Hilgert

**Jacó Roberto Hilgert** (27 January 1926 – 17 December 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Harmonia, Rio Grande do Sul. In 1952, he became a priest. He was the Bishop of Cruz Alta from 1976 to 2002.

Hilgert died on 17 December 2020 in Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul from cardiopulmonary arrest, aged 94.
Wacław Szybalski

**Wacław Szybalski** (9 September 1921 – 16 December 2020) was a Polish-American oncologist and biotechnologist. He worked at the McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research in the University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School. He discovered the Szybalski's rule. Szybalski was born in Lwów, Poland.

Szybalski died on 16 December 2020 in Madison, Wisconsin at the age of 99.
Benny Napoleon

**Benny Napoleon** (1955 – December 17, 2020) was an American attorney, law enforcement officer, and Democratic politician. He was the Sheriff of Wayne County, Michigan. He was also a 2013 candidate for Mayor of Detroit. From 2009 until his death, Wayne County Sheriff. Napolean was born in Detroit.

Napoleon was diagnosed with COVID-19 in November 2020. He died on December 17, 2020 in Detroit from the infection, aged 65.
Ignaz Puschnik

**Ignaz Puschnik** (5 February 1934 – 17 December 2020) was an Austrian football midfielder. He played for Austria from 1957 to 1964 and during the 1958 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Kapfenberger SV from 1956 to 1964. Puschnik was born in Vienna.

## Career

Puschnik spent his entire senior career at Kapfenberg SV.

## Death

Puschnik died on 17 December 2020 in Vienna at the age of 86.
Giovanni Sacco

**Giovanni Sacco** (25 September 1943 – 17 December 2020) was an Italian footballer. He played as a midfielder. Sacco was born in San Damiano d'Asti, Italy. He played for Juventus F.C., Atalanta B.C. and A.C. Reggiana 1919. His career lasted from 1962 to 1976.

Sacco died on 17 December 2020 in Asti, Italy from COVID-19 at the age of 77.
San Damiano d'Asti

**San Damiano d'Asti** is a _comune_ (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: San Damiano d'Asti
- **official name**: Comune di San Damiano d'Asti
- **image skyline**: S.Damiano Palazzo comunale.JPG
- **image shield**: San Damiano d'Asti-Stemma.svg
- **region**: Piedmont
- **province**: Province of Asti, Asti (AT)
- **frazioni**: Lavezzole, San Luigi, San Grato, San Giulio, San Pietro, Gorzano, Verneglio, Valmolina, Vascagliana, Torrazzo, Serra dei Costa, Ripalda
- **mayor**: Mauro Caliendo
- **area total km2**: 48.0
- **population total**: 8401
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population demonym**: Sandamianesi
- **elevation m**: 179
- **saint**: Saints Cosmas and Damian
- **postal code**: 14015
- **area code**: 0141
Saufatu Sopoanga

**Saufatu Sopoanga**  (22 February 1952 – 17 December 2020) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was the 8th Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2 August 2002 until 27 August 2004. Sopoanga was born in Nukufetau, Tuvalu.

Sopoanga died on 17 December 2020 at the age of 68.
Pelle Svensson

**Per Oskar "Pelle" Svensson** (6 February 1943 – 17 December 2020) was a Swedish Greco-Roman wrestler and lawyer. He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics and two gold medals at the World Championships in 1970 and 1971. Svensson was born in Sollefteå, Sweden, then moved to Chicago Illinois

Svensson died on 17 December 2020 from cancer in Sundsvall, Sweden at the age of 77.
Scott Hylands

**Scott Hylands Douglas** (born 1943) is a Canadian actor. His career began in 1969. Hylands was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He appeared in _Cannon_, _The Waltons_, _Baretta_, and _Ironside_.
Coal forest

**Coal forests** were huge areas of wetlands which covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas in the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) and Permian times.

At the time most continents were crowded together in the supercontinent Gondwana. They lay on the path of tropical rainfall. As vegetable matter from these forests decayed, enormous deposits of peat accumulated, which later changed into coal. Now those continents are wide apart, but they have the coalfields which those ancient forests left behind.

Much of the carbon in the peat deposits produced by coal forests came from photosynthetic splitting of carbon dioxide. This released oxygen into the atmosphere. This increased the oxygen level, perhaps as high as about 35%. This had the effect of making the air more easily breathable by animals with limited respiratory systems. This may explain the size of _Meganeura_ compared to modern dragonflies.

The coal forests covered tropical Euramerica (Europe, eastern North America, northwesternmost Africa) and  China. Eventually, climate change devastated these tropical rainforests. The so-called Carboniferous rainforest collapse was caused by a cooler drier climate which broke up the rainforest ecosystem. The cause of this change was mountain uplift, no doubt caused by the continental plates squeezing against each other.  During most of the rest of Carboniferous times, the coal forests were restricted to North America (such as the Appalachian and Illinois coal basins) and central Europe.

At the very end of the Carboniferous period, the coal forests underwent a resurgence, expanding mainly in eastern Asia, notably China. They never recovered fully in Euramerica. The Chinese coal forests continued to flourish well into Permian times.

## Kinds of plants found in coal measures

- _Glossopteris_
- _Calamites_
- _Lepidodendron_
- _Sphenopsida_
- Pteridosperms
- Ferns

## Later coal measures

The conditions which led to the late Carboniferous coal measures returned twice later on. These occasions were in part of the Jurassic period, and the Eocene. The later Jurassic left coal measures in parts of Europe and Australia. The Waloon coal measures are where the fossils of _Iguanodon_ were found. The coal in Queensland, Australia is from the same time.

Conditions in the Paleocene and Eocene were also favourable to plant growth. The coal from this time is found in Chile, Nepal and in the so-called Eocene Okanagan Highlands in British Columbia and Washington State.
Aristóteles Sandoval

**Jorge Aristóteles Sandoval Díaz** (22 January 1974 – 18 December 2020) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. Sandoval was Governor of Jalisco from 2013 to 2018. Sandoval was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco.

Sandoval was assassinated on 18 December 2020 in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco at the age of 46.
Arsphenamine

**Arsphenamine**, also known as **Salvarsan** or compound 606, is a drug. It was introduced at the beginning of the 1910s. It was the first effective treatment for syphilis and African trypanosomiasis. This organoarsenic compound was the first modern antimicrobial {antibiotic} agent.

Arsphenamine was first synthesized in 1907 in Paul Ehrlich's lab by Alfred Bertheim.

The antisyphilitic activity of this compound was discovered by Sahachiro Hata in 1909. He surveyed hundreds of newly synthesized organic arsenical compounds. Ehrlich thought that by screening many compounds, a drug could be discovered which would have anti-microbial activity but not kill the patient.

Ehrlich's laboratory developed a more soluble (but slightly less effective) arsenical compound, Neosalvarsan (neoarsphenamine), which was easier to prepare.

## Related pages

- _Dr. Ehrlich's Magic Bullet_, 1940 movie about Ehrlich's quest to find a cure for syphilis.
Puerto Vallarta

**Puerto Vallarta** (, **PV** or simply **Vallarta**) is a Mexican beach resort city located on the Pacific Ocean's Bahía de Banderas in the Mexican state of Jalisco.

## Other websites

- Puerto Vallarta official government site
- Puerto Vallarta Tourism Official Website
- Puerto Vallarta News Site

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Puerto Vallarta
- **nickname**: P.V., Vallarta
- **image skyline**: Collage Puerto Vallarta.jpg
- **imagesize**: 275px
- **image seal**: Escudo de Puerto Vallarta.svg
- **image map**: Puerto Vallarta - Jalisco.svg
- **mapsize**: 275px
- **map caption**: Location within the state of Jalisco
- **pushpin map**: Mexico
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin mapsize**: 300
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States of Mexico, State
- **subdivision name1**: Jalisco
- **subdivision type2**: Municipalities of Guerrero, Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: Puerto Vallarta
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Ing. Arturo Dávalos Peña (Citizens' Movement (Mexico), Movimiento Ciudadano)
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: December 12, 1851
- **established title2**: Founded as
- **established date2**: _Las Peñas_
- **named for**: Ignacio Vallarta
- **area blank1 title**: Municipality
- **area blank1 sq mi**: 502.19
- **population as of**: 2014 (locality) and 2015
- **population note**: Metropolitan Area population includes cities in both Jalisco and Nayarit, Municipality includes other localities.
- **population total**: 221,200
- **population metro**: 379,886
- **population blank1 title**: Municipality
- **population blank1**: 275,640
- **population blank2 title**: Demonym
- **population blank2**: Vallartense
- **timezone**: Time in Mexico, Central Central Standard Time Zone, (US Central)
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: Central
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **elevation ft**: 23
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 48300
- **area code**: 322
- **website**: [http://visitpuertovallarta.com www.visitpuertovallarta.com]
Hawk Junction

**Hawk Junction** is a community with a local services board in the Canadian province of Ontario, found just north of Highway 101, about  east of Wawa.

The community was made by people of Italian, Scottish and French ancestry in 1909 when the Algoma Central Railway was made through the area. In 1923-1924 it was destroyed by fire. The community was rebuilt and is now a terminal for the Algoma Central Railway.

In September 2017, the last business, the Big Bear Hotel closed, leaving Hawk Junction without any services. Residents had needed to drive to the  town of Wawa for any services. It is a popular starting point for wilderness hunting and fishing trips. During the winter Hawk Junction is a major snowmobile drop off point. The Big Bear has now recently reopened its doors under a new owner.

## Demographics (from censuses)

|Census|Population|
| --- | --- |
|2006|244|
|2011|190|
|2016|158|
|2021|138|