juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cauquenes Province

**Cauquenes Province** () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). The provincial capital and largest city is Cauquenes.

## Geography

The Cauquenes province has an area of , the smallest province in the Maule region. The provincial capital, Cauquenes, is about  southwest of Santiago.

The province is bordered to the north by the Talca province, to the east by the Linares province, to the south by the Ñuble province (Bío Bío region) and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.

## Population

(last national census), there were 57,088 people living in the province, giving it a population density of  inhabitants/km². The urban population was 38,660 persons ( of the total).

The largest city of the province is Cauquenes, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 30,771.

## Administration

As a province, Cauquenes is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 8 communes (_comunas_). The city of Cauquenes serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.
|Code|Comuna|Capital|Area <small>(km²)</small>|Population <small>(2002)</small>|Density||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"||||||||
|07201|**1** Cauquenes|Cauquenes|align="right"|2,126.3|align="right"|41,217|align="right"||
|07202|**2** Chanco|Chanco|align="right"|529.5|align="right"|9,457|align="right"||
|07203|**3** Pelluhue|Pelluhue|align="right"|371.4|align="right"|6,414|align="right"||
|colspan=3|**Total of the Cauquenes province**|**3,027.2**|**57,088**|****|}||||

## Related pages

- Provinces of Chile

## Other websites

- Territorial division of Chile
- Gobierno Regional del Maule  Official website
- Province of Cauquenes website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cauquenes
- **native name**: Provincia de Cauquenes
- **native name lang**: es
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Chile, Province of Chile
- **image seal**: Logotipo de la Gobernación de Cauquenes.svg
- **image map**: Provincia de Cauquenes.svg
- **mapsize**: 160px
- **map alt**: Location in the Maule Region
- **map caption**: Cauquenes, in red, in the Maule Region
- **pushpin map**: Chile
- **pushpin map narrow**: yes
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Chile
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Chile, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Maule Region, Maule
- **parts type**: Communes of Chile, Comunas
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Cauquenes
- **p2**: Chanco, Chile, Chanco
- **p3**: Pelluhue
- **seat type**: Capital city, Capital
- **seat**: Cauquenes
- **government type**: Province, Provincial
- **leader title**: Governor
- **leader name**: Gerardo Villagra Morales
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 3027.2
- **population total**: 57088
- **population as of**: 2002 Census
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Time in Chile, CLT
- **utc offset**: -4
- **timezone dst**: Time in Chile, CLST
- **utc offset dst**: -3
- **website**: [http://www.gobernacioncauquenes.gov.cl Official website]
Acanthuroidei

**Acanthuroidei** is a suborder of Perciformes, the largest order of fishes.

Members of this suborder have a vertically-shaped body covered with small scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family. It is derived from the Greek words _akantha_ and _oura_, which loosely translate as "thorn" and "tail".

## Families

- Family Luvaridae <small>Gill, 1885</small> (Louvars)
- Family Zanclidae <small>Bleeker, 1876</small> (Moorish idols)
- †Family Massalongiidae <small>Tyler & Bannikov, 2005</small>
- †Family Acanthonemidae <small>Bannikov, 1991</small>
- Family Acanthuridae <small>Bonaparte, 1835</small> (Surgeonfishes)
    - Subfamily Nasinae <small>Fowler & Bean, 1929</small>
    - Subfamily Acanthurinae <small>Bonaparte, 1835</small>
        - Tribe Prionurini <small>J.L.B. Smith, 1966</small>
        - Tribe Zebrasomini <small>Winterbottom, 1993</small>
        - Tribe Acanthurini <small>Bonaparte, 1835</small>
Julian Brazier

**Sir Julian William Hendy Brazier**  (born 24 July 1953) is a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Canterbury from 1987 to 2017.

## Infobox (mp)

- **honorific prefix**: Knight Bachelor, Sir
- **name**: Julian Brazier
- **honorific suffix**: Efficiency Decoration, TD
- **image**: Julian Brazier solo.jpg
- **office**: Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom), Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Reserves
- **term start**: 14 July 2014
- **term end**: 16 July 2016
- **primeminister**: David Cameron
- **office1**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency), Canterbury
- **term start1**: 11 June 1987
- **term end1**: 3 May 2017
- **predecessor1**: David Crouch
- **successor1**: Rosie Duffield
- **birth place**: Dartford, Kent, England
- **nationality**: United Kingdom, British
- **spouse**: Katharine Elizabeth Blagden
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: Brasenose College, Oxford
- **website**: [http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/mr-julian-brazier/77 parliament..julian-brazier]
- **allegiance**: United Kingdom
- **branch**: British Army
- **serviceyears**: 1972–1985
- **rank**: Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), Captain
- **unit**: Special Air Service
Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom), Parachute Regiment
- **mawards**: Efficiency Decoration
St Botolph Building

The **St Botolph Building** is an office building in Houndsditch, London. The commercial office opened in January 2011.

It is one of a number of landmark buildings recently developed to the east of the Gherkin in the City of London. It is in the centre of the UK insurance industry.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: St Botolph Building
- **image**: St Botolphs Building, London.jpg
- **caption**: Viewed from the South, standing in the Aldgate Gyratory system, with part of St Botolph's church, Aldgate, visible to the right (April 2015)
- **building type**: Office
- **architectural style**: Postmodern architecture, Post-modern / High-tech architecture, High-tech
- **cost**: £195m estimated
- **location**: London,
United Kingdom
- **status**: complete
- **floor count**: 15
- **completion date**: December 2010
- **opened date**: 2011
- **architect**: Grimshaw Architects
- **structural engineer**: Arup Group Limited, Arup
GR 8 (galaxy)

**GR 8**, or **UGC 8091**, is a gas-rich dwarf galaxy. The NED database gives the distance between this galaxy and the Earth as about 7.9 million light years. Although near the Milky Way, it is not decided whether it is a member of the Local Group.

## Related pages

- Galaxy
- Dwarf galaxy
- Virgo (constellation)

## Other websites

- Irregular Galaxy GR 8, the Footprint Galaxy

## Infobox (galaxy)

- **name**: GR 8
- **image**: GR 8 o PGC 44491.jpg
- **caption**: GR8 (Gibson Reaves 8), galaxy in Virgo (constellation), Virgo
- **epoch**: J2000
- **constellation name**: Virgo (constellation), Virgo
- **appmag v**: 14.7
- **type**: ImV, dwarf galaxy
- **notes**: With a lot of gas and one of the nearest galaxies to the Milky Way
- **names**: Gibson Reaves 8, PGC 44491, UGC 8091, DDO 155, GR8
Wacław Potocki

**Wacław Potocki** (1621 – 1696) was a Polish Baroque poet.

## Biography

Wacław Potocki was born in the village named Wola Łużańska near the town of Biecz in Southern Poland. He was a member of noblemen family. They were Polish Brethren, Christians of the Minor Reformed Church. He was married to Katarzyna Morsztyn. After all Polish Brethren, were given order either to become Roman Catholic or to go out of Poland forever, he changed his faith. Wacław Potocki died at Łużna in 1696. He was buried in Francuscan Church in Biecz.

## Works

Wacław Potocki wrote a lot. He is the author of _Ogród fraszek_ (_The Garden of Verses_) that consists of more than 2000 short poems. Another book by Potocki, named _Moralia_ is composed of more than 2 000 pieces, too. This was based on _Adagia_ by Erasmus of Rotterdam. He wrote many poems, sometimes in ottava rima. His best known work is an epic poem _Wojna chocimska_ (_The War of Chocim_). It was compared by Claude Backvis, a Belgian scholar, to John Milton's Paradise Lost. It narrates about the great battle against the Turks. The battle was fought in 1621, when the poet was born. The poem was written fifty years after. It is in heroic couplets. Lines of the poem consist of thirteen syllables with feminine rhymes.

## Other websites

- Full text of Wacław Potocki's Wojna chocimska in Polish.
Esociformes

**Esociformes** are a small order of ray-finned fish (the Actinopterygii). There are two families, the Umbridae (mudminnows) and the Esocidae (pikes).

The Esocidae are named after the pike genus _Esox_.  One highly successful species is _Esox lucius_ or northern pike.

The Esociform fishes live in freshwater, in North America and northern Eurasia.
The order is very similar to the Salmonidae.

### Esocidae

The family Esocidae has three extant genera (_Esox_, _Novumbra_, and _Dallia_) that comprise a holarctic distribution.

### Umbridae

Umbridae is another family. So far, the genus _Umbra_ is the only extant genus. The other genera have gone extinct.
Matilda (name)

**Matilda** (or **Mathilda**) is a female first name. The name comes from Gothic language. It also comes from the Old High German words _maht_ (meaning "might" and "strength") and _hild_ (meaning "battle).  The pronunciation of the name is [ m_uh_-**til**-d_uh_ ].

The name has been popular in Scandinavian countries. _Mathilde_ appeared in the Top 10 most popular names for girls in Denmark in 2008. _Mathilde_ was also very popular in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The name has also risen in popularity in other European countries.

As _Matilda_, the name was most popular in the United States between 1880 and 1910. During those years, it was in the Top 200 names for girls. It went out of the Top 1,000 names in the United States by 1964. However, it reappeared 44 years later in the Top 1,000 names.

## Translations

- Machteld (Dutch)
- Maddie (English)
- Mafalda (Italian), (Portuguese)
- Mahaut (French)
- Mallt (Welsh)
- Matelda (Italian)
- Mathilda (English), (Swedish)
- Mathilde (Danish), (Dutch), (French), (German), (Norwegian), (Italian)
- Matild (Hungarian)
- Matilda (English), (Finnish), (Swedish), (Slovak), (Italian), (Croatian)
- Matilde (Italian), (Portuguese), (Spanish), (Danish), (Galician)
- Matti (English)
- Mattie (English)
- Ματθίλδη (Mathilde, Mathildi) (Greek)
- Matty (English)
- Matylda (Czech), (Polish)
- Maud (Dutch), (English)
- Maude (English), (French)
- Maudie (English)
- Mechteld (Dutch)
- Mechtild (German)
- Mechtilde (German)
- Tilda (English), (Finnish), (Spanish), (Swedish)
- Tilde (Danish)
- Tille (Danish)
- Tilli (English)
- Tillie (English)
- Tilly (English)
- Tylda (Czech)

## People

- Matilda Cuomo, former First Lady of New York State
- Empress Matilda, daughter of Henry I and claimant to English throne (1102–1167)
Bethany (given name)

**Bethany** [beth-uh-nee]is a female first name. It comes from the Biblical place Bethany, the town where Lazarus lived in the New Testament.The origin of the name Bethany can be traced back to the Hebrew term bethania, which translates to "house of figs."In Bethany, Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead and thus overcame the sorrow, lamentation, and affliction of Mary and Martha. In English-speaking countries, Bethany has been very popular. It was the 59th most popular name for England and Wales in 2010. In 1999, it had gone as high as number 11. In the United States, the name was the 87th most popular in the late 1980s. This name is ranked #646 on the "Popular Names in 2021".

_<nowiki/>'Beth'<nowiki/>_ and _<nowiki/>'Betty_' are short versions of this name. _Beth_ can also be a short version of the female name Elizabeth.

## People

- Bethany Mota , American vlogger
- Bethany Hall-Long , American politician
- Bethany Zummo , American Paralympic volleyball player
- Bethany Hamilton, American surfer
- Bethany Zummo, American Paralympic volleyball player

## Places

- Bethany, Oklahoma, city in Oklahoma, United States
Jackson, Nebraska

**Jackson** is a village in Dakota County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 207 at the 2020 census.

## History

Before Jackson was formed, the town Old St. John's was started about 1.5 miles north of where Jackson is on June 2nd, 1856 by a Catholic colony of sixty Irish immigrants led by Father Trecy. The colony was one of the first towns started in Dakota County, and the first group of Catholic people to start a town together in Nebraska. When the rising Missouri River started to make it dangerous to live there around 1860, all of the residents of Old St. John's moved south to what is now called Jackson.

Jackson was originally called Franklin, and was started with that name around 1860. The people who lived in there later found out that there was already a place in Nebraska that was called Franklin. To make things less confusing, they renamed the town after Andrew Jackson so nobody would get confused. St. Patrick's Catholic Church, which is in Jackson, is where the Nebraska State Historical Society put historical marker 34. The historical St. Patrick's Catholic church was built on land that was given to the church by the McCormick family around the time Jackson was started.

## Location

Jackson can be found at  (42.448789, -96.566207).

The United States Census Bureau says that the village takes up about , of land.
Hayride

A **hayride,** which can also be called a hayrack ride, is an American activity where people go on a ride in an open truck, or wagon pulled by a tractor. Inside of the ride there is hay or straw for the people to sit on. Hayrides in the past were a way to celebrate the Autumn harvest. Hayrides today are usually started to give farms or companies a way to make more money during the fall. Sometimes hayrides are run by companies that help farms set up hayrides for people.

## Haunted Hayrides

Hayrides on Halloween are called 'haunted hayrides'. During the fall, a hayride might let people stop near some pumpkins and pick one. These hayrides can put on a show with special effects and actors dressing up as ghosts, monsters, and other spooky creatures. Haunted hayrides attract people who like to get scared, and make money for farms during the Halloween season.

## Accidents

Even though hayrides are supposed to be a way for people to have fun, they can also be dangerous. Some hayrides have flipped over or gone off-road, hurting or killing people. Other kinds of accidents happen when hayrides crash into cars or trucks on the road.
Anastasia of Sirmium

**Anastasia of Sirmium** or **Saint Anastasia** was a Christian saint and martyr from the 4th century. She died at Sirmium in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda. Today that place is in the modern country of Serbia. Little is known about her life. Most stories about her began many years after her death. Some stories say she was a Roman. Others say she was born in Sirmium.  Roman Catholic tradition states that her mother was St. Fausta of Sirmium. She is venerated as a healer and an exorcist. Her relics lie in the Cathedral of St. Anastasia in Zadar, Croatia. She is one of seven women, along with the Blessed Virgin Mary, who were mentioned by name in the Mass.

Her feast day is December 22  in the Eastern Orthodox Church church. It is January 15 in the Roman Catholic Church.
Protacanthopterygii

**Procanthopterygii** is a superorder of teleost fishes. These fish mostly live in temperate waters, and in the northern hemisphere. They may live in both fresh and salt water.

Best-known examples of this group are the salmon, trout,  and pikes.

The main groups are:
- Argentiniformes
- Esociformes
- Osmeriformes
- Salmoniformes
Roggliswil

**Roggliswil** is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Roggliswil
- **municipality name**: Roggliswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Roggliswil LU.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Lucerne
- **iso-code-region**: CH-LU
- **district**: Willisau (district), Willisau
- **postal code**: 6265
- **municipality code**: 1142
- **area**: 6.22
- **elevation**: 560
- **population**: 661
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.roggliswil.ch
- **mayor**: Josef Steinmann-Kreienbühl
- **neighboring municipalities**: Altbüron, Grossdietwil, Pfaffnau
Schötz

**Schötz** is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Ohmstal merged into the municipality of Schötz.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Schötz
- **municipality name**: Schötz
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Coat of arms of Schötz.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Schötz.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Lucerne
- **iso-code-region**: CH-LU
- **district**: Willisau (district), Willisau
- **postal code**: 6247
- **municipality code**: 1143
- **area**: 10.84
- **elevation**: 504
- **population**: 4186
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.schoetz.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Alberswil, Ebersecken, Egolzwil, Ettiswil, Gettnau, Nebikon, Ohmstal, Wauwil
Heaven Help Us All

"**Heaven Help Us All**" is a 1970 song by Stevie Wonder and taken from his 12th studio album _Signed, Sealed & Delivered_. It went to number 9 in the United States, number 14 in Canada and number 29 in the United Kingdom.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Heaven Help Us All
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Stevie Wonder
- **album**: Signed, Sealed & Delivered
- **b-side**: "I Gotta Have a Song"
 "Give Your Love"
- **released**: 29 September 1970
- **recorded**: 1970
- **genre**: Soul music, Soul, pop music, pop
- **writer**: Ron Miller (songwriter), Ron Miller
- **producer**: Ron Miller, Tom Baird
- **prev title**: Signed, Sealed, Delivered, I'm Yours
- **prev year**: 1970
- **next title**: We Can Work It Out#Stevie Wonder, We Can Work It Out
- **next year**: 1971
Babiker Awadalla

**Babiker Awadalla** (2 March 1917 – 17 January 2019) was a Sudanese Arab nationalist politician. He was born in Gitena, White Nile State.

He held the position of Speaker of the Parliament from 1954 to 1957, and became Chief Judge in 1964. In 1966, he resigned from the court in protest of the government's refusal to reinstate the Sudanese Communist Party, which the court had held to be unconstitutionally banned from parliament. After 1972, he moved to Egypt, and later Dublin, Ireland, where he lived until his death.  He turned 100 in March 2017.

Awadalla was the oldest living former head of state or government, a title he has held from the death of Đỗ Mười on 1 October 2018. Awadalla died on 17 January 2019 in Dublin, aged 101.
Tom Hayden

**Thomas Emmet "Tom" Hayden** (December 11, 1939 – October 23, 2016) was an American social and political activist, author and politician. He was director of the Peace and Justice Resource Center in Los Angeles County, California. He was a member of the Chicago Seven.

Hayden was best known for his major role as an anti-war, civil rights and radical intellectual counterculture activist.  Hayden was the former husband of actress Jane Fonda and the father of actor Troy Garity.

Hayden died in Santa Monica, California from heart disease and from complications of a stroke on October 23, 2016, aged 76.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birth name**: Thomas Emmet Hayden
- **image**: Tom Hayden (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Hayden speaking at the Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum, April 2016
- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, U.S.
- **state senate**: California
- **district**: 23rd
- **term start**: 1992
- **term end**: 2000
- **predecessor**: Herschel Rosenthal
- **successor**: Sheila Kuehl
- **state assembly2**: California
- **district2**: 44th
- **term start2**: 1982
- **term end2**: 1992
- **predecessor2**: Mel Levine
- **successor2**: William Hoge (California politician), Bill Hoge
- **alma mater**: University of Michigan
- **spouse**: Casey Cason (1961–1962; divorced)
Jane Fonda (1973–1990; divorced)
 Barbara Williams (actress), Barbara Williams (1993–2016; his death)
- **children**: Troy Garity, Liam Hayden
Chung Won-shik

**Chung Won-shik** (5 August 1928 – 12 April 2020) was a South Korean politician, educator, soldier, and author. He was the 23rd Prime Minister of South Korea from 1991 through 1992. From 1951 to 1955, he served as an officer in the South Korean Army. Following that, he worked as a professor of Seoul National University. He served as South Korea's Education Minister from 1988 through 1990.

President Roh Tae-woo named him Acting Prime Minister on 24 May 1991. On 8 July 1991, he was appointed Prime Minister of South Korea. He ran for mayor of Seoul in 1995, but lost.

Chung died on 12 April 2020 in Seoul of kidney disease at the age of 91.
Foster Hewitt Memorial Award

The **Foster Hewitt Memorial Award** is an award named after Foster Hewitt and presented by the Hockey Hall of Fame to members of the radio and television industry who make outstanding contributions to their profession and the game of ice hockey during their broadcasting career. The award winners are selected by the NHL Broadcasters' Association.

This award should not be confused with the ACTRA Foster Hewitt Award, which was presented by ACTRA, the Canadian association of actors and broadcasters, for excellence in general sports broadcasting. That award was discontinued in 1986.

## Winners

- 1984 – Fred Cusick, Boston; Foster Hewitt, Toronto; Danny Gallivan, Montreal; Rene Lecavalier, Montreal
- 1985 – Budd Lynch, Detroit; Doug Smith, Montreal
- 1986 – Wes McKnight, Toronto; Lloyd Pettit, Chicago
- 1987 – Bob Wilson, Boston
- 1988 – Dick Irvin, Jr., Montreal
- 1989 – Dan Kelly, St. Louis, _Hockey Night in Canada_
- 1990 – Jiggs McDonald, Atlanta, New York Islanders, Los Angeles
- 1991 – Bruce Martyn, Detroit
- 1992 – Jim Robson, Vancouver, _Hockey Night in Canada_
- 1993 – Al Shaver, Minnesota
- 1994 – Ted Darling, Buffalo
- 1995 – Brian McFarlane, _Hockey Night in Canada_
- 1996 – Bob Cole, _Hockey Night in Canada_
- 1997 – Gene Hart, Philadelphia
- 1998 – Howie Meeker, _Hockey Night in Canada_, _The Sports Network_
- 1999 – Richard Garneau, Montreal
- 2000 – Bob Miller, Los Angeles
- 2001 – Mike Lange, Pittsburgh
- 2002 – Gilles Tremblay, Montreal
- 2003 – Rod Phillips, Edmonton
- 2004 – Chuck Kaiton, Hartford/Carolina
- 2005 – Sal Messina, New York Rangers
- 2006 – Peter Maher, Calgary
- 2007 – Bill Hewitt, Toronto
- 2008 – Mike "Doc" Emrick, Philadelphia, New Jersey, FOX, NBC
- 2009 – John Davidson, New York Rangers, _Hockey Night in Canada_, FOX, ABC, ESPN, NBC
- 2010 – Ron Weber, Washington
- 2011 – Mickey Redmond, Detroit
- 2012 – Rick Jeanneret, Buffalo
- 2013 – Harry Neale, Buffalo, Toronto, _Hockey Night in Canada_
- 2014 – Pat Foley, Chicago
- 2015 – Nick Nickson, Los Angeles
- 2016 – Sam Rosen, New York Rangers
Bob McKenzie

**Robert Malcomson "Bob" McKenzie** (born August 16, 1956) is a Canadian former hockey commentator. He covered professional ice hockey with TSN 1986 until 2025.

Growing up, McKenzie was a fan of the hometown Toronto Maple Leafs, and his favourite doughnut shop was Tim Hortons.

McKenzie provides analysis for _NHL on TSN_ telecasts, as well as for international hockey events, notably the annual IIHF World U-20 Hockey Championship. He also covered the NHL Entry Draft. Prior to joining TSN, McKenzie was editor-in-chief of _The Hockey News_ for nine years and a hockey columnist for _The Toronto Star_ for six years.

McKenzie is heard weekly on the TSN 1040   in Vancouver on the "Canucks Lunch with Rick Ball", as well on TSN Radio 690 (CKGM) in Montreal, on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday on the Morning Show at 8:05 a.m. He is also a frequent contributor to the Ottawa Senators pre-game show on TSN 1200 radio in Ottawa.

On May 7, 2015, McKenzie surpassed 1,000,000 followers on Twitter. He goes by the Twitter handle @TSNBobMcKenzie and his account has been verified by Twitter.

In October 2014, McKenzie began appearing as a full-time contributor on NBCSN.

On July 1, 2025, McKenzie decided to retire from commentating after a 48-year career.

He currently resides in Whitby, Ontario.

## Other websites

- TSN.ca biography of Bob McKenzie

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bob McKenzie
- **image**: Bob McKenzie at Winter Olympics.jpg
- **caption**: McKenzie at the 2010 Winter Olympics
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **known for**: The NHL on TSN, coverage of men's ice hockey at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games
- **occupation**: Sportscaster
- **employer**: The Sports Network, TSN
Elmer Ferguson

**Elmer Ferguson** (February 25, 1885 – April 26, 1972) was a Canadian sports journalist. Born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Ferguson moved to Montreal in 1910 and became the sports editor of the Montreal Herald in 1913. Ferguson was one of the most respected and promiant columnists of his time. He became a Hockey Hall of Fame media honouree in 1982 and was the namesake of the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award.

## Career

At the age of six, Ferguson started selling newspapers on the streets of Moncton, New Brunswick and became a copy boy with the Moncton Transcript when he was 17. He soon became a sports writer with the paper and became the news editor in 1910. With Ferguson as editor, the Moncton Transcript became the first Maritime newspaper to print a full sports page every day.

Soon after, Ferguson left for Montreal where he got a job as an editor at the Montreal Herald. He became sports editor of the paper in 1913 and soon became a well known sports journalist with his column "The Gist and the Jest of It". He was sports editor for the paper for 39 years and continued to write columns until the Herald folded in 1957. He continued to write columns for The Montreal Star until a few months before his death in 1972.

In addition to his work in the print media, he was also a colour commentator on radio broadcasts for the Montreal Maroons (1933–1938) and the Montreal Canadiens (1938–1967), where he was partnered with Hall of Fame broadcasters Doug Smith and Danny Gallivan.

Ferguson was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame as a builder in 1968. In 1984, Ferguson was recognized as one of the first Hockey Hall of Fame media honourees. The award that is given out was named the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award in his honour.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Elmer Ferguson
- **birth place**: Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
- **death place**: Montreal, Quebec
- **occupation**: journalist, sportswriter
Gil Vicente

**Gil Vicente** (1470-1540) was a Portuguese poet and playwright.

## Biography

Gil Vicente was born in 1470 in the town of Guimarães. He came to Lisbon as a boy. He studied law but did not take any scholarly degree. In 1493 he was prince Manoel's teacher of rhetorics. Some of his poems were included into Cancioneiro Geral by Garcia de Resende. He wrote plays. He was an actor, too. He was married to Branca Bezerra and had four children. His daughter Paula was known a learned woman at the court.

## Works

Gil Vicente wrote poetry and plays. He wrote both in Portuguese and in Spanish. He is called the father of Portuguese drama. His works were translated into English by Aubrey F. G. Bell. Among his poems there are vilancetes, pastoral poems. A famous example is _Adorae montanhas_.

## Bibliography

- Aubrey F. G. Bell, _Gil Vicente_, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1921.
- _Four plays of Gil Vicente_. Edited from the editio princeps (1562), with Translation and Notes by Aubrey F. G. Bell, Cambridge 1920.
- _Lyrics of Gil Vicente_ with Portuguese text. Translated by Aubrey F. G. Bell, B. H. Blackwell, Oxford 1914.
Ardèche (river)

The **Ardèche** () is a  long river in south-central France, a right-bank tributary of the River Rhône. The river gives its name to the French department of Ardèche.

## Geography

The Ardèche river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 64.8 cubic metres per second at Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche in the Gard department.

### Course

The Ardèche river starts in the Massif Central, within the _Parc naturel régional des Monts d'Ardèche_ ("Regional nature park Mountains of Ardèche"), in the _commune_ of Astet (Ardèche department), at an elevation of about .

It then flows roughly to the southwest and, after the towns of Aubenas and Ruoms, it gets into its famous gorge (or canyon) below Vallon-Pont-d’Arc.

The valley of the Ardèche is very scenic, in particular a  section known as the Ardèche Gorges (or the Canyon of Ardèche). The walls of the river here are limestone cliffs up to  high. A kayak and camping trip down the gorge is not technically difficult and is very popular in the summer. The most famous feature is a natural  stone arch across the river known as the **Pont d'Arc**.

Finally, the river flows into the Rhône river, on the right side, near the _commune_ Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard department.

### Communes

The Ardèche passes through the following regions, departments and communes:

**Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes**
- **Ardèche** :

- Astet
- Mayres
- Barnas
- Thueyts
- Pont-de-Labeaume
- Fabras
- Lalevade-d'Ardèche
- Vals-les-Bains
- Labégude
- Ucel
- Aubenas
- Saint-Privat
- Saint-Didier-sous-Aubenas
- Saint-Étienne-de-Fontbellon
- Vogüé
- Lanas
- Saint-Maurice-d'Ardèche
- Balazuc
- Chauzon
- Pradons
- Ruoms
- Labeaume
- Saint-Alban-Auriolles
- Sampzon
- Vallon-Pont-d'Arc
- Salavas
- Labastide-de-Virac
- Saint-Remèze
- Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche
- Saint-Just

**Occitanie**
- **Gard** :
- Aiguèze
- Saint-Julien-de-Peyrolas
- Saint-Paulet-de-Caisson
- Pont-Saint-Esprit

## Main tributaries

The main tributaries of the Ardeche river are:

**Left tributaries**:
- Fontolière - 21 km
- Volane - 21 km
- Sandron - 18 km
- Luol - 19 km
- Auzon - 26 km
- Ibie - 33 km

**Right tributaries**:
- Lignon - 21 km
- Ligne - 23 km
- Beaume - 44 km
- Chassezac - 85 km

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Other websites

- Banque Hydro - Station V5064010 - The Ardèche at Saint-Martin-d’Ardèche (Sauze St. Martin) - (option Synthèse)

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Ardèche
- **image**: ArdèchePontD'Arc.jpg
- **image caption**: The Pont d'Arc over the Ardèche River.
- **map**: Ardèche.png
- **source1 location**: Massif Central
- **mouth location**: Rhône
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Federica Mogherini

**Federica Mogherini** (; born 16 June 1973) is an Italian politician. She was the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission in the Juncker Commission from 2014 to 2019.

## Other websites

- Page in the Chamber Web Site

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Federica Mogherini
- **image**: Federica Mogherini Official.jpg
- **office**: Rector (academia), Rector of the College of Europe
- **term start**: 1 September 2020
- **predecessor**: Jörg Monar
- **office1**: High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy
- **term start1**: 1 November 2014
- **term end1**: 30 November 2019
- **predecessor1**: Catherine Ashton
- **successor1**: Josep Borrell
- **office2**: Vice-President of the European Commission
- **president2**: Jean-Claude Juncker
- **successor2**: Josep Borrell
- **term start2**: 1 November 2014
- **term end2**: 30 November 2019
- **office3**: Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy), Minister of Foreign Affairs
- **primeminister3**: Matteo Renzi
- **term start3**: 22 February 2014
- **term end3**: 31 October 2014
- **predecessor3**: Emma Bonino
- **successor3**: Paolo Gentiloni
- **office4**: Member of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies
- **term start4**: 13 May 2008
- **term end4**: 30 October 2014
- **constituency4**: List of Italian constituencies, Lazio 1
- **birth name**: Federica Maria Mogherini
- **birth place**: Rome, Italy
- **party**: Democratic Party (Italy), PD (since 2007)
Democrats of the Left, DS (1998–2007)
Democratic Party of the Left, PDS (1991–1998)
Italian Communist Party, PCI (1988–1991)
- **otherparty**: European Socialist Party, PES (since 2014)
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats, S&D (since 2014)
- **children**: 2
- **father**: Flavio Mogherini
- **education**: Sapienza University of Rome
- **signature**: Signature Federica Mogherini.jpg
- **caption**: Mogherini in 2014
Paolo Gentiloni

**Paolo Gentiloni Silveri** (; born 22 November 1954 in Rome) is an Italian politician. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in December 2016 after the resignation of Matteo Renzi. He served until 1 June 2018.

He is a member of the Democratic Party. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 31 October 2014 through 12 December 2016. He was also Minister of Communications during the government of Romano Prodi.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Paolo Gentiloni
- **image**: Paolo Gentiloni EC 2019 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2019
- **office**: European Commissioner for Economy
- **president**: Ursula von der Leyen
- **term start**: 1 December 2019
- **term end**: 30 November 2024
- **predecessor**: Pierre Moscovici
- **successor**: Valdis Dombrovskis
- **office1**: Prime Minister of Italy
- **president1**: Sergio Mattarella
- **term start1**: 12 December 2016
- **term end1**: 1 June 2018
- **predecessor1**: Matteo Renzi
- **successor1**: Giuseppe Conte
- **office2**: Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Foreign Affairs
- **primeminister2**: Matteo Renzi
- **term start2**: 31 October 2014
- **term end2**: 12 December 2016
- **predecessor2**: Federica Mogherini
- **successor2**: Angelino Alfano
- **office3**: Ministry of Communications (Italy), Minister of Communications
- **primeminister3**: Romano Prodi
- **term start3**: 17 May 2006
- **term end3**: 8 May 2008
- **predecessor3**: Mario Landolfi
- **successor3**: Claudio Scajola
- **office4**: List of Presidents of the Democratic Party (Italy), President of the Democratic Party
- **1namedata4**: Nicola Zingaretti
- **term start4**: 17 March 2019
- **term end4**: 22 February 2020
- **predecessor4**: Matteo Orfini
- **successor4**: Valentina Cuppi
- **office5**: Member of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chamber of Deputies
- **term start5**: 30 May 2001
- **term end5**: 2 December 2019
- **constituency5**: List of Italian constituencies#Piedmont 2, Piedmont (2001–2006)
List of Italian constituencies#Lazio 1, Lazio (2006–2018)
Rome (2018–2019)
- **birth name**: Paolo Gentiloni Silveri
- **birth place**: Rome, Italy
- **party**:
Proletarian Unity Party (Italy), PdUP
The Democrats (Italy), Dem
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, DL
Democratic Party (Italy), PD
- **education**: Sapienza University of Rome
- **signature**: Gentiloni firma.svg
Rafto Prize

The **Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize** is a prize founded in the memory of the Norwegian human rights activist, Thorolf Rafto (1922-1986). The prize is now $20,000. It began in 1987 and is awarded each year. The prize ceremony takes place on the first Sunday of November in Bergen, Norway at the National Theatre of Bergen.

## Past winners

The first person to receive the prize was Jiří Hájek (1913–1993), a Czech politician and diplomat. He was one of the founders of Charter 77, an organization that worked for human rights in Czechoslovakia. Some other winners of the Rafto Prize are:
- Aung San Suu Kyi from Burma (1990)
- The people of East Timor, represented by José Ramos-Horta (1993)
- Kim Dae-jung from South Korea (2000)
- Shirin Ebadi from Iran (2001)
Hagramayao Jinahari

***Hagramayao Jinahari***,  also known as _Rape in The Virgin Forest_, is a 1995 Indian crime movie directed by Jwngdao Bodosa. It received many awards. The movie is in the Bodo language. The Bodo language is spoken by the Bodo people of India. It is one of the official languages of the Indian state of Assam. The movie starred Tikendrajit Narzary as Budang and Onjali Basumatary as Budang's daughter Mithinga.
Battle of Kororāreka

The **Battle of Kororāreka** was a battle in New Zealand between Maori warriors and the British Army. It took place on 11 March 1845 in the small town of Kororāreka. Today that town is called Russell. The town is on the North Island of New Zealand. The Māori were unhappy with the problems in the town. They cut down the flag pole flying the British flag. Each time the Maori cut down the flag pole, the British Army made a new one. This happened three times. When the British Army put the flag pole back a fourth time, the Māori attacked the town. Hōne Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti were the leaders of the Māori. William Hulme was the leader of the British soldiers. The Maori had many more fighters than the British. There were 600 Māori warriors and only 140 British soldiers. The Māori won the battle. The town was destroyed in the fighting. The British Army left the town. The British citizens living there also left. British and American ships waiting in the harbour took them to Auckland.
Alayaron (movie)

***Alayaron*** (English: _The Dawn_) is one of the first Bodo feature movies. It was released in 13 March 1986 at Ganga Talkies, Kokrajhar. It was directed by Jwngdao Bodosa, based upon the short story Mwdwi arw Gwlwmdwi (Tears and Sweat) by Nilkamal Brahma. The movie stars Amar Narzary and Rohila Brahma. It was also the winner of the National Film Award in 1986.

## Directed by

- Jwngdao Bodosa

## Written by

- Nilkamal Brahma
- Heramba Narzary

## Based on

Mwdwi arw Gwlwmdwi
- Nilkamal Brahma

## Starring

- Amar Narzary
- Rohila Brahma
- Tikendrajit Narzary

## Genre

- Drama

## Release date

- 13 March 1986

## Country

- India

## Language

- Bodo

## Cast

- Amar Narzary as Gwmbwr
- Rohila Brahma as Hangna

## Related pages

- Bodo people
Circinus galaxy

The **Circinus galaxy** (ESO 97-G13) is a Seyfert galaxy, very bright and emitting huge amounts of electromagnetic radiation.

Circinus is in a constellation of the same name, Circinus (constellation). It is one of the closest and nearest galaxies to the Milky Way. It is probably slightly further away than Centaurus A.

The galaxy just 4 degrees below the galactic plane and 13 million light years from our galaxy. Its outer ring is 700 light years from the galaxy's centre, and the inner ring just 130 light years from the centre. You can see the galaxy with a small telescope.

The galaxy was not noticed until 1977 because it lies close to the plane of the Milky Way and is obscured by galactic dust.

## Other websites

- Active Galaxy Circinus-ESA/HUBBLE
- The Circinus Galaxy-ESO

## Infobox (galaxy)

- **name**: Circinus galaxy
- **image**: Circinus.galaxy.750pix.jpg
- **caption**: Circinus galaxy seen with Hubble Telescope
- **epoch**: J2000
- **constellation name**: Circinus
- **z**: 426±25 km/s
- **dist ly**: 13 Mly
- **type**: Seyfert galaxy
- **notes**: Visible with just a little telescope
- **names**: ESO 97-G13, LEDA 50779, WKK 3050, CGS 007, RR 269b, 2MIG 1950, HIZSS 086, 11HUGS 368, GMA99 1, SPB 246, SWIFT J1412.9-6552
Seyfert galaxy

**Seyfert galaxies** are a type of galaxy. They are named after Carl Seyfert who first described them in 1943.

These galaxies are one of the two main types of active galaxies. The other large group are quasars. Seyfert galaxies have quasar-like nuclei: they are very distant luminous  sources of electromagnetic radiation. Their very high surface brightness has spectra with strong, high-ionisation emission lines. However, unlike quasars, their host galaxies are clearly visible.

Seyfert galaxies are about 10% of all galaxies, and are some of the most intensely studied objects in astronomy. They are thought to be powered by the same phenomena as quasars, although they are closer and less luminous than quasars. These galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers which are surrounded by accretion discs of in-falling material. The accretion discs are believed to be the source of the observed ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet emission lines and absorption lines are the best way to analyse the surrounding material.

Seen in visible light, most Seyfert galaxies look like normal spiral galaxies. However, when studied under other wavelengths, it becomes clear that the luminosity of their cores is as big as the luminosity of whole galaxies the size of the Milky Way.

## Examples

Here are some notable examples of Seyfert galaxies:
- Circinus galaxy has rings of gas ejected from its center
- Centaurus A, apparently the brightest Seyfert galaxy as seen from Earth. It is a giant elliptical galaxy: a radio galaxy notable for its relativistic jet spanning more than a million light years in length.
- Messier 51a (NGC 5194), the Whirlpool Galaxy, one of the best known galaxies in the sky.
- Messier 81 (NGC 3031), a popular target for amateur astronomy and the second brightest Seyfert galaxy in the sky after Centaurus A
- Messier 87 (NGC 4486), central galaxy of the Virgo Cluster and the biggest galaxy in the Local Supercluster. It is a radio galaxy notable for its 4,400 light-year long relativistic jet powered by an immense supermassive black hole with the mass of (3.5 ± 0.2)-6.3 billion solar masses
- NGC 1672 has a nucleus engulfed by intense starburst regions
Relativistic jet

**Relativistic jets** are very powerful jets of plasma with speeds close to the speed of light. They are emitted by the central black holes of some active galaxies (notably radio galaxies and  quasars), and by the black holes of massive stars and neutron stars. Their lengths can reach several thousand or even hundreds of thousands of light years.

If the jet speed is close to the speed of light, the effects of the special theory of relativity are significant. The mechanics behind how jets are created, and what they are made of, are still a matter of debate. Jet composition might vary.

Massive galactic central black holes have the most powerful jets. Similar jets on a much smaller scale develop from neutron stars and black holes in other stars. Even weaker and less relativistic jets may be associated with many binary star systems.

The general hypothesis among astrophysicists is that the formation of relativistic jets is the key to explaining the production of gamma-ray bursts. These jets have Lorentz factors of ~100 or greater (that is, speeds over roughly 0.99995c), making them some of the fastest celestial objects known at present.
I Zw 36

**I Zwicky 36** (often shortened to **I Zw 36**) is a blue compact dwarf galaxy, meaning that it is small for a galaxy, that its stars are close together and that it gives off blue light. The stars in I Zwicky 36 are young for stars, no older than three million years.

## Recent observations

Astronomers studied I Zw 36 (≈Z⊙/14) using the Hubble Space Telescope. Before that, they took pictures using ultraviolet light using the pre-COST Faint Object Camera (FOC) and Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). FOC seemed to show that I Zw 36 had large, hot stars but NICMOS said it had cold stars that were small or medium sized. Some evidence shows the stars were active and then the galaxy became compact and blue. The evidence of luminous and asymptotic branches of stars suggests they formed several million years ago. The giant red branches of the galaxy may have at least 1-2 billion years.

## Related pages

- Dwarf galaxy

## References

<div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div>

## Other websites

- SIMBAD Astronomical Dabatase Results for Mrk 209

## Infobox (galaxy)

- **name**: I Zw 36
- **image**: A_messy_star_factory.jpg
- **caption**: I Zw 36, by Hubble Telescope
- **epoch**: J2000
- **constellation name**: Canes Venatici
- **z**: 0.000941
- **radius**: 282 km/s
- **notes**: Blue compact galaxy also known as Markarian 209, with not so many stars
- **names**: Markarian 209, PG 1223+488, UGCA 281, LEDA 40665, TC 211, Haro 29, Im 98
Cadmium nitrate

**Cadmium nitrate** is an inorganic compound. The general formula of the compound is Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.

## Uses

Cadmium nitrate is used for colouring glass and porcelain. It is also used as flash powder in photography.

## Preparation

Cadmium nitrate is prepared by dissolving cadmium or its oxide or its hydroxide, or its carbonate, in nitric acid followed by crystallization method:
- CdO + 2HNO<sub>3</sub> → Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O
- CdCO<sub>3</sub> + 2 HNO<sub>3</sub> → Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O
- Cd + 4 HNO<sub>3</sub> → 2 NO<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O + Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
Palladium(II) nitrate

**Palladium(II) nitrate** is the inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO3)<sub>2</sub>. It is a red-brown solid with a tendency to absorb water. It is a solid at 25 degrees Celsius at standard atmosphere (a pressure).

## Preparation

Palladium nitrate can be made by dissolving palladium oxide hydrate in dilute nitric acid, followed by crystallization. The nitrate crystallizes as yellow-brown deliquescent prisms. The compound also may be got by treating palladium metal with nitric acid.

## Related pages

- Palladium
- Nitrate
Yuriko Koike

**Yuriko Koike** (born 15 July 1952) is a Japanese politician and the current governor of Tokyo. She is a member of the far-right organization Nippon Kaigi.

She was born and raised in Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture. She dropped out of University in Japan, who moved to the Middle East and studied Arabic. She graduated from Cairo University in Egypt, and she began to work an interpreter and translator of Arabic. She worked as a journalist in the 1980s and entered politics in the 1990s.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Yuriko Koike
- **native name lang**: ja
- **image**: File:Yuriko Koike cropped 1 20251119 menkai 1.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **office**: Governor of Tokyo
- **term start**: 1 August 2016
- **deputy**: Mitsuchika Tarao
Hiroshi Kajihara
Kei Takechi
Manabu Miyasaka
- **predecessor**: Yōichi Masuzoe
- **office1**: Minister of Defense (Japan), Minister of Defense
- **primeminister1**: Shinzō Abe
- **term start1**: 4 July 2007
- **term end1**: 27 August 2007
- **predecessor1**: Fumio Kyūma
- **successor1**: Masahiko Kōmura
- **office2**: Minister of State for Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs
- **primeminister2**: Junichirō Koizumi
- **term start2**: 27 September 2004
- **term end2**: 26 September 2006
- **predecessor2**: Toshimitsu Motegi
- **successor2**: Sanae Takaichi
- **office3**: Minister of the Environment (Japan), Minister of the Environment
- **primeminister3**: Junichirō Koizumi
- **term start3**: 22 September 2003
- **term end3**: 26 September 2006
- **predecessor3**: Shun'ichi Suzuki (politician), Shunichi Suzuki
- **successor3**: Masatoshi Wakabayashi
- **office4**: Member of the House of Representatives (Japan), House of Representatives
for Tokyo 10th district, Tokyo's 10th district
- **term start4**: 11 September 2005
- **term end4**: 30 August 2009
- **predecessor4**: Kōki Kobayashi
- **successor4**: Takako Ebata
- **birth place**: Ashiya, Hyōgo, Japan
- **party**: Independent politician, Independent
Americium dioxide

**Americium dioxide** is a black compound made with Americium. As a solid, AmO<sub>2</sub> has the same structure as fluorite (CaF<sub>2</sub>).

## Uses

Americium-Aluminium alloys are made when  americium dioxide is melted and mixed with aluminium and a fluxing agent.  These alloys can be used to make atoms of some elements. These elements have a higher atomic number than Uranium.