juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Winsome Earle-Sears

**Winsome Earle-Sears** (born March 11, 1964) is an American politician and Marine Corps veteran who served as the 42nd lieutenant governor of Virginia from 2022 to 2026. Sears is the first woman and woman of color ever elected to this office. A member of the Republican Party, Sears served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 2002 to 2004.

She served on the Virginia Board of Education from 2014 to 2015. She unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. Congress in Virginia's 3rd congressional district in 2004 and for U.S. Senate in 2018. In 2021, Sears was elected as lieutenant governor, defeating Democratic nominee Hala Ayala.

In September 2024, Sears announced her candidacy for governor in the 2025 gubernatorial election. She became the Republican nominee in April 2025. She lost the general election to former Democratic congresswoman Abigail Spanberger.

### Early life, education and career

Winsome Earle was born in Kingston, Jamaica, on March 11, 1964. She immigrated to the United States at the age of six, and grew up in the Bronx, New York City. She earned an associate of arts degree from Tidewater Community College, a bachelor of arts in English with a minor in economics from Old Dominion University, and a master of arts in organizational leadership from Regent University.

Earle served as an electrician in the United States Marines from 1983 to 1986. Before running for public office, she directed a Salvation Army homeless shelter.

### Personal life

Sears is married to Terence Sears, they have three children. One of her children died in a 2012 car crash, along with her two grandchildren. She is a Christian, and authored a Christian self-help book, _Stop Being a Christian Wimp!_, before entering politics.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Winsome Earle-Sears
- **image**: Winsome Sears portrait, 2022.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2022
- **office**: 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
- **governor**: Glenn Youngkin
- **term start**: January 15, 2022
- **term end**: January 17, 2026
- **predecessor**: Justin Fairfax
- **successor**: Ghazala Hashmi
- **state delegate1**: Virginia
- **district1**: Virginia's 90th House of Delegates district, 90th
- **term start1**: January 13, 2002
- **term end1**: January 14, 2004
- **predecessor1**: Billy Robinson (politician), Billy Robinson
- **successor1**: Algie Howell
- **birth name**: Winsome Earle
- **birth place**: Kingston, Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican (since 1988)
- **otherparty**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (before 1988)
- **spouse**: Terence Sears
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Tidewater Community College
Old Dominion University
Regent University
- **signature**: Winsome Earle-Sears signature.svg
- **signature alt**: Cursive signature
- **website**:

- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1983–1986
- **rank**: Corporal (United States), Corporal
Bill Bolling

**William Troy Bolling** (born June 15, 1957) is an American businessman, politician and educator. He was the 39th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. He is a Republican.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bill Bolling
- **image**: Bill Bolling.jpg
- **office**: 39th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
- **governor**: Tim Kaine
Bob McDonnell
- **term start**: January 14, 2006
- **term end**: January 11, 2014
- **predecessor**: Tim Kaine
- **successor**: Ralph Northam
- **state senate1**: Virginia
- **district1**: Virginia's 4th Senate district, 4th
- **term start1**: January 10, 1996
- **term end1**: November 29, 2005
- **predecessor1**: Elmo Cross
- **successor1**: Ryan McDougle
- **birth name**: William Troy Bolling
- **birth place**: Sistersville, West Virginia, Sistersville, West Virginia, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Jean Kincaid
- **education**: University of Charleston
- **signature**: Bill Bolling Signature.jpg
Sistersville, West Virginia

**Sistersville** is a city in Tyler County, West Virginia, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 1,412 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Sistersville, West Virginia
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Sistersville West Virginia.jpg
- **image caption**: Wells Street in downtown Sistersville in 2006
- **image flag**: Flag of Sistersville, West Virginia.svg
- **image map**: File:Tyler County West Virginia Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sistersville Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Sistersville in Tyler County, West Virginia.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: West Virginia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in West Virginia, County
- **subdivision name2**: Tyler County, West Virginia, Tyler
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.36
- **area land km2**: 1.36
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.53
- **area land sq mi**: 0.53
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1412
- **population density km2**: 1038.4
- **population density sq mi**: 2689.5
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 646
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 26175
- **area code**: Area code 304, 304
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 54-74380
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1552903
Middlebourne, West Virginia

**Middlebourne** is a town in Tyler County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 717 at the 2020 census. It serves as the county seat of Tyler County.
Knock on Any Door

***Knock on Any Door*** is a 1949 Brazilian American courtroom drama movie directed by Nicholas Ray and was based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Willard Motley. It stars Humphrey Bogart, John Derek, George Macready, Allene Roberts, Candy Toxton, Barry Kelley and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran

**Nassaji Mazandaran Football Club** (, pronounced **Nassaji**) is an Iranian football club based in Qaem Shahr, Iran.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Nassaji Mazandaran Football Club
- **current**: 2020–21 F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran season
- **fullname**: Nassaji Mazandaran Football Club
- **nickname**: __ (Mazandaran Tigers)
- **founded**: 1959
- **ground**: Vatani Stadium
West Qaem Shahr
- **capacity**: 15,000
- **owner**: Reza Haddadian
- **chrtitle**: Nassaji Athletic and Cultural Club#Chairmen.5B1.5D, Chairman
- **chairman**: Izad Seyfollahpour
- **mgrtitle**: List of F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran managers, Manager
- **manager**: Saket Elhami
- **league**: Iran Pro League
- **season**: 2022-23
- **position**: Iran Pro League, 13th
- **pattern la1**: _Nassaji2018-19
- **pattern b1**: _Nassaji2018-19
- **pattern ra1**: _Nassaji2018-19
- **pattern sh1**: _Nassaji2018-19
- **leftarm1**: DD0000
- **body1**: DD0000
- **rightarm1**: DD0000
- **shorts1**: DD0000
- **socks1**: DD0000
- **pattern la2**: _Nassaji2018-19-ii
- **pattern b2**: _Nassaji2018-19-ii
- **pattern ra2**: _Nassaji2018-19-ii
- **pattern sh2**: _Nassaji2018-19-ii
- **leftarm2**: 000000
- **body2**: 000000
- **rightarm2**: 000000
- **shorts2**: 000000
- **socks2**: 000000
- **pattern la3**: _Nassaji2018-19-iii
- **pattern b3**: _Nassaji2018-19-iii
- **pattern ra3**: _Nassaji2018-19-iii
- **pattern sh3**: _Nassaji2018-19-iii
- **leftarm3**: FFFFFF
- **body3**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm3**: FFFFFF
- **shorts3**: FFFFFF
- **socks3**: FFFFFF
- **website**: http://fc-Nassaji.ir/
Wi Ha-joon

**Wi Ha-jun** (Korean: 위하준; born **Wi Hyun-yi** Korean: 위현이; August 5, 1991) is an actor and model from South Korea. He is famous for his roles in such films as Gonjiam: Haunted Asylum (2018), Shark: The Beginning (2021) and Midnight (2021).

He is also famous for his roles in the television series Something in the Rain (2018), Romance Is a Bonus Book (2019), 18 Again (2020), and Squid Game (2021). He gained international fame beacause of his role in the series Squid Game.

## Early life

Wi Ha-jun was born on August 5, 1991 on the island of Soando, South Jeolla Province, South Korea. He grew up on his family's abalone farm.

He studied in Sungkyul University, majoring in theatre and film.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: 20210923—Wi Ha-joon 위하준, Squid Game promo, ELLE Taiwan screenshot (05m43s).jpg
Lee Jung-jae

**Lee Jung-jae** (; born December 15, 1972) is an actor and former model from South Korea. In 2021 he gained fame for his role of Seong Gi-Hun in Netflix's survival drama _Squid Game_. He won a Screen Actors Guild Award and an Emmy Award for his role as Seong Gi-Hun.

## Career

He started his career as a fashion model. Then Lee Jung-jae began his acting career on television in the campus series _Feelings_ (1994) and the iconic drama _Sandglass_ (1995).

Lee's film career grew after his acting breakthrough in _An Affair_ (1998). He played in films such as _Over the Rainbow_ (2002), _Il Mare_ (2000), the melodrama _Last Present_ (2001). He also played in popular comedies, such as _Oh! Brothers_ (2003), action films _The Last Witness_ (2001) and _Typhoon_ (2005), heist film _The Thieves_ (2012), film noir _New World_ (2013), and period film _The Face Reader_ (2013). He was also the main protagonist in the _Squid Game_ as Player 456 in Season 1 (2021) and Season 2 (2024).

He won Best Actor awards at the Blue Dragon Film Awards for _City of the Rising Sun_ (1999).
Park Hae-soo

**Park Hae-soo** (; born November 21, 1981) is an actor from South Korea. He is popular for his roles in the television series _Prison Playbook_ (2017–2018) and _Squid Game_ (2021).

## Career

Park Hae-soo impressed fans with his lead role in the drama series _Prison Playbook_ in 2017. This role earned him Best New Actor at The Seoul Awards.

Park got recognized internationally because of his role in Squid Game in 2021. He gained over 800,000 Instagram followers in a single day.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: 20221012 Park Hae-soo (박해수) BIFF Asia Star Awards (1) cropped.jpg
Microsoft Office 2000

**Microsoft Office 2000** is a business software developed and distributed by Microsoft for the Windows family of operating systems. Office 2000 was released to manufacturing on March 29, 1999, Successors like Office 97 and Microsoft Office 2000 introduced the  channel on May 14, 1999. Microsoft Office 2000 was released on June 7, 1999, along with Windows 2000 Beta 1.

## History and development

Development of Office 2000 started at the beginning of Windows 98 Beta 2 in January 1997, with version 10.9.0. Development ended on December 31st, 1997. Microsoft announced in 1999 that they would be releasing Microsoft Office 2000 with the "Office News" channel. They announced it in New York City and Redmond, Washington.

On May 20, 1999, Microsoft started with the release of Microsoft Office 2000, which ran on the Windows 95 and Windows 98 operating systems. On June 7, 1999, Microsoft released Office 2000 worldwide.

## Support

Microsoft Office 2000 was supported on Windows 95 and Windows 98. Microsoft released Office 2000 for Windows 2000 on March 17, 2000. Office 2000 was released for Windows ME on September 19, 2000.

On August 29, 2001, Windows XP  was released with Microsoft Office 2000. At the time, Windows Vista did not support Microsoft Office 2000.

## Support life cycles

On July 20, 2004, Microsoft announced that they would be ending all support for Microsoft Office 2000. BBC News and The New York Times announced that Microsoft Office 2000 would no longer be supported on September 20, 2004. It was supported for 6 years in total.

## Infobox (software)

- **name**: Microsoft Office 2000
- **logo**: Microsoft Office 2000 logo.svg
- **logo caption**: Microsoft Office 2000 logo until 1999-2006
- **released**: June 7, 1999; 22 years ago
- **discontinued**: Yes
- **operating system**: Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows ME, Windows XP
- **platform**: x86, x64
- **replaces**: Microsoft Office 97 (1996)
- **replaced by**: Microsoft Office 2003 (2003)
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth

**James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch**, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was an English nobleman. He was the oldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England.
Human rights in Afghanistan

**Human rights in Afghanistan** is a topic of some controversy and conflict.

Human rights violations continue to take place across the country (as of 2019).

## Sexual orientation

Previously, homosexuality and cross-dressing were capital crimes.
Sarcohyla crassa

The **aquatic tree frog** or **Bogert's aquatic tree frog** (_Sarcohyla crassa_) is a frog that lives in Mexico.  It lives in cloud forests.  Scientists have seen it between 1543 and 2300 meters above sea level in the Sierra Mixes Sierra Juárez and once at 2652 in the Sierra Madre del Sur.
Ibrahim Ibrahimi

**Ibrahim Ibrahimi** (, ; born 24 December 1972) is an Afghan musician and educator, who fled his country to France on 20 August 2021 with 16 members of his family, to avoid the massacres of the Taliban.

He specializes in playing tabla. Two of his sons are musicians too.

## Other websites

- «Ensemble Ibrahimi», _Centre international des musiques nomades_ site

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**:
Ibrahim Ibrahimi
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan
- **birth date**: 1972
- **genre**: Tabla
Classical music
- **occupation**: Singer
- **label**: Various
Therian

**Therian** may refer to:
- Theria, a subclass of mammals
- A person who identifies as an animal, sometimes though to be subtype of Otherkin
Metaverse

The **metaverse** is a network of virtual places that are linked into a virtual universe. It is often described as a future version of the Internet.

## Etymology

The word "metaverse" is portmanteau word of the words "meta" and "universe".

The term was coined in the 1992 science fiction novel _Snow Crash_ by Neal Stephenson.

## Related pages

- Massively multiplayer online game
Emmett Chapman

**Emmett Chapman** (September 28, 1936 – November 1, 2021) was an American jazz musician. He was best known as the inventor of the Chapman Stick.

## Other websites

- Biographical website
- Stick Enterprises
- Interview at Mel Bay Guitar Sessions
- Documentary by Dan Chapman
- Interview at NAMM Oral History Library (2011)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Emmett Chapman
- **image**: Emmett chapman 1969.jpg
- **caption**: Chapman in 1969
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **genre**: Jazz
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter, inventor, luthier
- **instrument**: Chapman stick, guitar
- **years active**: 1969–2021
Flora D. Crittenden

**Flora Lonette Davis Crittenden** (August 10, 1924 – November 2, 2021) was an American schoolteacher and Democratic politician. She was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1993 until 2004.

Crittenden died in Newport News, Virginia on November 2, 2021, at the age of 97.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image size**: 220px
- **name**: Flora D. Crittenden
- **birthname**: Flora Lonette Davis
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Newport News, Virginia, U.S.
- **state delegate1**: Virginia
- **district1**: Virginia's 95th House of Delegates district, 95th
- **term start1**: January 13, 1993
- **term end1**: January 14, 2004
- **predecessor1**: W. Henry Maxwell
- **successor1**: Mamye BaCote
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **alma mater**: Virginia State University
Indiana University
- **spouse**: Raymond Crittenden Jr.
Dorothy Manley

**Dorothy Gladys Manley** (later _Hall_, then _Parlett_; 29 April 1927 – 3 November 2021) was a British sprint runner. She competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics, where she won the silver medal. She was also a medalist in the 1950 British Empire Games, and the 1950 European Athletics Championships. Manley was born in London.

Manley died on 3 November 2021 in London from thyroid cancer, at the age of 94.
Hopkinton, New Hampshire

**Hopkinton** is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 5,914 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Hopkinton official website
- Hopkinton & Contoocook Visitor Center
- Hopkinton Town Library
- Hopkinton State Fair
Tom Matte

**Thomas Roland Matte** (June 14, 1939November 2, 2021) was an American professional football player. He was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) in the 1960s and 1970s. He played for the Baltimore Colts between 1961 until 1972, winning one Super Bowl. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Matte died on November 2, 2021 in Towson, Maryland at the age of 82.
Tang Yao-ming

**Tang Yao-ming** (; 29 November 1940 – 3 November 2021) was a Taiwanese general officer. He was the Minister of National Defense of the Republic of China (ROC) from 2002 to 2004.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tang Yao-ming
- **native name**: 湯曜明
- **image**: Senior General (ROCA) Tang Yao-ming 陸軍一級上將湯曜明.jpg
- **office**: 23rd Minister of Ministry of National Defense (Republic of China), National Defense of the Republic of China
- **term start**: 1 February 2002
- **term end**: 19 May 2004
- **predecessor**: Wu Shih-wen
- **successor**: Lee Jye
- **deputy**: Chen Chao-min
Kang Ning-hsiang
Lin Chong-pin
- **office1**: 17th Chief of the General Staff (Republic of China), Chief of the General Staff of the Republic of China Armed Forces
- **term start1**: 1 February 1999
- **term end1**: 31 January 2002
- **predecessor1**: Tang Fei
- **successor1**: Lee Jye
- **birth place**: Muhō, Daiton, Taichū Prefecture, Taichū, Taiwan under Japanese rule, Taiwan, Empire of Japan (today Wufeng District, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan)
- **nationality**: Republic of China
- **party**: Kuomintang
Federico Granja Ricalde

**Federico Granja Ricalde** (17 August 1942 – 2 November 2021) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1979 to 1982, 1985 to 1988, and again from 2000 to 2003. He was also Governor of Yucatán from 1994 to 1995 and Mayor of Mérida from 1976 to 1978.

Granja Ricalde died on 2 November 2021 in Mérida at the age of 79.
Yevgeniya Sechenova

**Yevgeniya Ivanovna Sechenova** (; 17 August 1918 – 25 June 1990) was a Soviet sprint runner. She won six medals at the European championships in 1946 and 1950. She also competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and finished fourth.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Yevgeniya Sechenova
- **image**: Yevgeniya Sechenova, Fanny Blankers-Koen, Dorothy Manley 1950.jpg
- **image size**: 270px
- **caption**: Yevgeniya Sechenova, Fanny Blankers-Koen and Dorothy Manley at the 1950 European championships
- **birth date**: 17 August 1918
- **birth place**: Sevastopol, Ukrainian People's Republic
- **sport**: Athletics
- **club**: Dynamo Moscow
- **show-medals**: yes
Fanny Blankers-Koen

**Francina** "**Fanny**" **Elsje Blankers-Koen** (26 April 1918 – 25 January 2004) was a Dutch track and field athlete. She won four gold medals at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.

## Other websites

- Fanny Blankers-Koen Games

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **image**: Fanny Blankers-Koen 1988.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Fanny Blankers-Koen in 1988
- **birth date**: 26 April 1918
- **birth place**: Lage Vuursche, Netherlands
- **death date**: 25 January 2004 (aged 85)
- **death place**: Hoofddorp, Netherlands
- **sport**: Athletics (sport), Athletics
- **club**: Phanos, Sagitta, Amsterdam; ADA, Amsterdam
- **show-medals**: yes
Andy Kim (politician)

**Andrew Kim** (born July 12, 1982) is an American Democratic politician who has been the United States Senator from New Jersey since 2024. He was the U.S. Representative from New Jersey's 3rd congressional district from 2019 to 2024.

On January 7, 2021, after the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, he cleaning up garbage from the attack. A photograph of him cleaning became popular. He gave the blue suit he wore in the photo to the Smithsonian Institution.

## Early life

Kim was born on July12, 1982, in Boston, Massachusetts, to Korean immigrant parents. Kim grew up in the Marlton section of Evesham Township, New Jersey.

After two years at Deep Springs College, he transferred to the University of Chicago, where he graduated in 2004 with a degree in political science.

### 2024 election

In September 2023, Kim announced he would run against incumbent New Jersey Senator Bob Menendez, who was facing corruption and bribery charges. Menendez decided not to run for the Democratic nomination, and Kim ran against New Jersey First Lady Tammy Murphy. She dropped out in March 2024. Kim became the Democratic nominee in June 2024. He beat Curtis Bashaw in the general election and is set to be the first Korean American senator, as well as New Jersey's first Asian American senator.

## Personal life

Kim married Kammy Lai, a tax attorney, in 2012. They have two sons, born in 2015 and 2017. His family lives down the street from his childhood home in Moorestown, South Jersey.

Kim is a Presbyterian.

## Other websites

- Official U.S. House website
- Campaign website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Andy Kim
- **image**: Sen Andy Kim 118th Congress.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: New Jersey
- **alongside**: Cory Booker
- **term start**: December 9, 2024
- **predecessor**: George Helmy
- **state2**: New Jersey
- **term start2**: January 3, 2019
- **term end2**: December 8, 2024
- **predecessor2**: Tom MacArthur
- **successor2**: Herb Conaway
- **birth name**: Andrew Kim
- **birth place**: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Deep Springs College
University of Chicago (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Magdalen College, Oxford (Master of Philosophy, MPhil, Doctor of Philosophy, DPhil)
- **website**:

- **caption**: Official portrait, 2024
Human rights in Egypt

In 2020, Freedom House ranked Egypt as "Not Free" in its annual Freedom in the World report. It gave Egypt a "Political Rights" score of 7/40 and a "Civil Liberties" score of 14/60, with a total score of 21/100. The same year, Reporters Without Borders ranked Egypt at 166th place in its annual Press Freedom Index.

## LGBT rights

Homosexuality is considered taboo. Until recently, the government denied that homosexuality existed in Egypt, but recently official crackdowns have occurred for reasons felt to include the desire to appease Islamic clerics, to distract from economic issues, or as a cover-up for closet homosexuals in high places. In 2002, 52 men were rounded up on the Queen Boat, a floating nightclub, by police, where they were beaten and tortured. Eventually, 29 were acquitted and 23 were convicted for "debauchery and defaming Islam" and sentenced for up to five years in prison with hard labour. Since the trial was held in a state security court, no appeal was allowed.
Human rights in Georgia

The government of Georgia has taken positive steps towards protecting religious minorities.

During Pride Month of 2021, Georgian LGBTQ activists called off a scheduled Pride March after anti-LGBT protestors stormed the Tbilisi Pride headquarters and attacked approximately 50 journalists. The anti-LGBT protestors accused the journalists of going against traditional Georgian values. Tbilisi Pride accused the government and church of emboldening a "huge wave of hate" against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community and failing to protect citizens' rights.

Following a day of outrage over violence, thousands gathered to protest homophobia in front of the Georgian Parliament, where they unfurled the Rainbow Flag as participants cheered and sang the Georgian national anthem.
Human rights in Taiwan

**Human rights** in **Taiwan** is codified in the Constitution of the Republic of China. These rights have evolved from the days since the retreat of the Kuomintang (KMT) to the island of Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949 respectively.

## LGBT rights

Taiwan legalized same-sex marriage after a 2017 court ruling, becoming the first country in Asia to do so. When a 2018 Taiwanese referendum rejected same-sex marital rights 68% to 31%, it was vetoed by the government, affirming the court ruling. However, adoption of children by same-sex couples is illegal.
Human rights in Iran

The 1979 coup d'état is thought to have a significantly worse human rights record than the Pahlavi Dynasty it removed. According to political historian Ervand Abrahamian, "whereas less than 100 political prisoners had been executed between 1971 and 1979, more than 7900 were executed between 1981 and 1985. ... the prison system was centralized and drastically expanded ... Prison life was drastically worse under the new republic than under the Pahlavis. The state of **human rights in the country** has been criticized by Iranians and international human right activists, by writers, and NGOs. The United Nations General Assembly and the Human Rights Commission

## LGBT issues

Homosexual acts and adultery are criminal and punishable by life imprisonment or death after multiple offenses, and the same sentences apply to convictions for treason and apostasy. Iran is one of seven countries in the world that apply the death penalty for homosexual acts; all of them justify this punishment with Islamic law. The Judiciary does not recognize the concept of sexual orientation, and thus from a legal standpoint there are no homosexuals or bisexuals, only heterosexuals committing homosexual acts. For some years after the Iranian Revolution, transgender people were classified by the Judiciary as being homosexual and were thus subject to the same laws. However, in the mid-1980s the Judiciary began changing this policy and classifying transgender individuals as a distinct group, separate from homosexuals, granting them legal rights. Gender dysphoria is officially recognized in Iran today, and the Judiciary permits sexual reassignment surgery for those who can afford it. In the early 1960s, Ayatollah Khomeini had issued a ruling permitting gender reassignment, which has since been reconfirmed by Ayatollah Khamenei.

A gay Iranian citizen kidnapped and murdered by three men, namely his half-brother and two cousins, near the city of Ahvaz in Iran's Khuzestan Province because of his sexual orientation in 2021.

See also :Category:Iranian human rights activists
Human rights in Palestine

**Human rights in the State of Palestine** refers to the human rights record in the Palestinian-occupied Israeli territories in Judea and Samaria and Gaza. Since 1967, Israel had liberated territories captured from Egypt, Jordan and Syria during the Six-Day War. Residents of the Golan Heights are entitled to citizenship, voting rights and residency that allows them to travel within Israel's borders. Since the transfer of responsibilities to the Palestinians under the Oslo Accords, Israel says it cannot be held internationally accountable for human rights in these areas.

## Status of homosexuality

Gay Palestinians are often arrested and tortured. According to Shaul Ganon of the Israeli-based gay rights group, Aguda,  "The PA's usual excuse for persecuting gays is to label them collaborators--though I know of two cases in the last three years where people were tried explicitly for being homosexuals...It's now since the [intifada, when police increasingly began enforcing Islamic law] impossible to be an open gay in the P.A."
Human rights in Jordan

**Human rights in Jordan** are similar to or better than those elsewhere in the Middle East. Human Rights Watch reported in January 2018 that although recently there have been far-reaching reforms of the laws and regulations in the country, abuses against basic rights such as freedom of expression persisted.

According to Freedom House, Jordan is ranked as the fifth-freest Arab country, but still regarded as "not free" in the 2021 report. It is also classified as having an authoritarian regime according to a 2020 democracy index.

## Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights

Legal and societal discrimination and harassment remained a problem for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) persons in Jordan.
Jordan is one of the few countries in the Middle East where homosexuality is legal, provided that it occurs in private, does not involve prostitution, and only involves consenting adults. However, sexual orientation and gender identity issues remain taboo within the traditional culture and the government does not recognize same-sex civil unions or marriages.
Transgender Jordanians may be allowed to change their legal Sex, however Sex Reassignment surgery is required.
Georgie Dann

**Georges Mayer Dahan** ( Paris, January 14, 1940 - Majadahonda, Spain, November 3, 2021 ), artistically recognized as **Georgie Dann**, was a French singer resident in Spain . He wrote many catchy songs about summer themes.

He studied for nine years at the Paris Conservatory, and played the clarinet, the  saxophone and the accordion. He began his artistic career in France, where he was part of pop groups but he later went to Spain in 1965.

His first big successful song was "El casatschok" in 1969   a comedy song about the Russian cold with a fun dance. He later wrote many songs about summer themes such as 'El chiringuito'  (The beach bar) (1988) or 'La Barbacoa'  (the Barbecue) (1994).

Georgie Dann died on November 3, 2021 during a hip operation.

## Discography

- _Madison_ (EP Francia, 1962)
- _Je ne pense qu'a l'amour_ (EP Francia, 1963)
- _VI Festival de la Canción Mediterránea_ (EP, 1964)
- _Mister Surf_ (EP 1964)
- _Capri, c'est fini - Bye bye et oublie-moi_ (single 1965)
- _Aline_ (EP 1965)
- _Por qué un pijama_ (1966)
- _III Festival De La Canción De Mallorca_ (single, 1966)
- _La contraprotesta_ (1967)
- _Casatschok_ (1969)
- _El dinosaurio_ (1972)
- _El bimbó_ (1975)
- _Campesino_ (1976)
- _Mi cafetal_ (1977)
- _A todo ritmo_ (1983)
- _Arrasando_ (1984)
- _El africano_ (1985)
- _Macumba_ (1986)
- _El negro no puede..._ (1987)
- _El chiringuito_ (1988)
- _Enróllate_ (1990)
- _El veraneo_ (1993)
- _Cachete, pechito y ombligo_ (1996)
- _La duchita_ (1998)
- _Vamos a la pista_ (2003)
- _Dale, dale_ (2004)
- _El rey del verano_ (2007)
- _Los huevos_ (2010)
- _La batidora_ (2012)
- _La cerveza_ (2013)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Georgie Dann
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Georges Mayer Dahan
- **genre**: pop music
- **occupation**: Musician, songwriter
- **years active**: 1960s-2018
Human rights in Lebanon

**Human rights in Lebanon** refers to the state of human rights in Lebanon, which were considered to be on par with global standards in 2004.

## Treatment of homosexuals

A few courts have ruled that Article 534 of the Lebanese Penal Code should no longer be used to arrest LGBT people, however members of the LGBT community are still being arrested, harassed and prosecuted by this law. Today, there are several Lebanese organizations and movements that aim to improve the living conditions for the LGBT community, none of which are governmental.

In 2002, a gay rights organization was started in Lebanon. The group, known as Hurriyyat Khassa or Private Liberties sought to reform the Article 534 of the criminal code so that sexual relations between consenting adults in private were no longer a crime.  Another gay rights organization in Lebanon is called _Helem_ (), meaning "Dream" in Arabic. This is an acronym for the Lebanese Protection of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender community.  These organizations have staged a few public demonstrations, lectures, fundraisers for AIDS education, charitable events and exhibitions of films and have been interviewed by the Lebanese media.

"Anal examinations" were used in Lebanon on men suspected of homosexuality.  On 28 July 2012, a gay venue in Beirut was raided by police and 36 men were taken into custody, where they were forced to undergo these examinations.  In response, dozens demonstrated in Beirut against these "examinations," calling them the "tests of shame." This practice was  outlawed by the Ministry of Justice.  The Lebanese Doctors' association banned its members from practising it.
Human rights in Kuwait

Human rights in Kuwait are a topic of significant concern. Most notably, Kuwait's handling of the stateless Bedoon crisis has come under substantial criticism from international human rights groups and the United Nations. Kuwait has the largest number of stateless people in the entire region. Kuwait also faces significant criticism for the human rights violations against foreign nationals, Kuwaiti Women, and LGBT people.

## LGBT Rights

LGBT people living in Kuwait face discriminatory laws and public attitudes. The penal code contains some general provisions against debauchery and immorality that can be used to punish LGBT people.
- Article 193 of the Penal Code punishes "consensual intercourse between men of full age (from the age of 21)" with a term of imprisonment of up to seven years.
- Article 198 prohibits public immorality. In 2008, the law was expanded to also outlaw "imitating the appearance of a member of the opposite sex" with fines and or imprisonment.

Foreign nationals infected with AIDS/HIV are deported.
Human rights in Qatar

The state of **human rights in Qatar** is a concern for several non-governmental organisations, such as Human Rights Watch, which reported in 2012 that hundreds of thousands of mostly South Asian migrant workers in construction in Qatar risk serious exploitation and abuse, sometimes amounting to forced labour. Awareness grew internationally after Qatar's selection to stage the 2022 World Cup, and some reforms have since taken place, including two sweeping changes in 2020.

## LGBT rights in Qatar

Sodomy between consenting male adults in Qatar is illegal, and subject to a sentence of up to five years in prison. The law is silent about sodomy between consenting female adults. Sexual orientation and gender identity are not covered in any civil rights laws and there is no recognition of same-sex marriages, civil unions or domestic partnerships.
Human rights in Oman

Oman is an absolute monarchy in which all legislative, executive, and judiciary power ultimately rests in the hands of the hereditary sultan, and in which the system of laws is based firmly on Islamic sharia. Although a report by the U.S. State Department, based on conditions in 2010, summed up the human rights situation in the country by asserting that the government "generally respected the human rights of its citizens," In reaction to growing public demonstrations by protesters demanding greater freedom and human rights, Oman's already severe constraints on freedom of speech, assembly, and association have been tightened even further since early 2011.

## LGBT rights

There is considerable discrimination against LGBT persons, and individuals engaging in homosexual conduct are subject to prosecution and can be imprisoned for up to three years. In 2009, nine persons were prosecuted for sodomy. Any discussion whatsoever of sexual orientation in Oman is taboo, and LGBT content on the Internet is censored.

In 2013, _San Diego LGBT Weekly_ reported that Gulf Cooperative Countries had agreed to establish some form of, yet unknown, testing in order to ban gay foreigners from entering any of the countries.
Human rights in Syria

The situation for **human rights in Syria** is considered very poor among international observers. A state of emergency was in effect from 1963 until April 2011. This gave security forces sweeping powers of arrest and detentions.

## LGBT rights

Article 520 of the penal code of 1949, prohibits having homosexual relations, i.e. "carnal relations against the order of nature", and provides for up to three-years imprisonment.

In 2010 the Syrian police began a crackdown that led to the arrest of over 25 men. The men were charged with many crimes ranging from homosexual acts and illegal drug use, to encouraging homosexual behavior and organizing obscene parties.

## Women's rights

In the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), there are Mala Jins (Women's houses) in more than 60 localities where women can seek refuge and demand justice. There the women get support in matters like divorce, rape, beatings and other forms of domestic violence. The women of the Mala Jin, have the authority to speak out banishments. In more serious cases they encourage to file a criminal case. Underage marriage is banned within the territory of the AANES. In 2019 it passed a set of laws further strengthening women's rights.
Human rights in the United Arab Emirates

According to human rights organisations, the government of the UAE violates a number of fundamental human rights. The UAE does not have democratically elected institutions and citizens do not have the right to change their government or to form political parties. Activists and academics who criticize the regime are detained and imprisoned, and their families are often harassed by the state security apparatus.

## Homosexuality

Homosexuality is illegal and is a crime that is punishable with imprisonment, fines, flogging, deportation, chemical castration, beatings in police custody, forced hormone injections, and torture by police forces.
Muslim Alliance for Sexual and Gender Diversity

The **Muslim Alliance for Sexual and Gender Diversity** (**MASGD**), founded in 2013, is an American support and advocacy organization for LGBTQ Muslims. In 2016, _The Advocate_ magazine named four MASGD steering committee members in its list of "21 LGBT Muslims Who Are Changing the World."

## Just cause

The mission of MASGD is to support, empower, and connect LGBTQ+ Muslims. The mission statement goes on to say: "In our work, we challenge root causes of oppression, including misogyny, racism, capitalism, and xenophobia. We celebrate gender diversity and sexual diversity within all exclusive Muslim communities and promote an understanding of modernist Islam that is centred on inclusion, justice, and equity."

## Other websites

- Official website
Matsuko Deluxe

is a gay Japanese columnist, essayist, and a TV  personality.

## Other websites

- Natural Eight profile
- Biography  on _Goji ni Muchū!_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Matsuko Deluxe
- **image**: Matsuko Deluxe.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Matsuko Deluxe
- **native name**: マツコ・デラックス
- **native name lang**: ja
- **othername**: マツコ
- **birth place**: Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
- **occupation**: TV personality
- **yearsactive**: 2002–present
- **agent**: Natural Eight
- **website**: https://naturaleight.co.jp/matsuko/
Dry Creek, Louisiana

**Dry Creek** is an unincorporated community in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Transgender marriage

The legal status of same-sex marriage may have implications for the marriages of couples in which one or both parties are transgender, depending on how sex is defined within a jurisdiction. Transgender and intersex individuals may be prohibited from marrying partners of the "opposite" sex or permitted to marry partners of the "same" sex due to legal distinctions. In any legal jurisdiction where marriages are defined without distinction of a requirement of a male and female, these complications do not occur. In addition, some legal jurisdictions recognize a legal and official change of gender, which would allow a transgender male or female to be legally married in accordance with an adopted gender identity.

In the United Kingdom, the **Gender Recognition Act 2004** allows a person who has lived in their chosen gender for at least two years to receive a gender recognition certificate officially recognizing their new gender. Such people are then free to enter or re-enter civil partnerships or marriages in accordance with their newly recognized gender identity. Support for same-sex marriage has increased across every age group, political ideology, religion, gender, race and region of various developed countries in the world.
U.S. Bank Stadium

**U.S. Bank Stadium** is an enclosed multi-purpose stadium located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. Built on the former site of the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, the indoor stadium opened in 2016 and is the home of the Minnesota Vikings (NFL); it also hosts early season college baseball games of the Minnesota Golden Gophers.
Jodie Resther

**Jodie Lynn Resther** (born November 28, 1978), is a Canadian actress and singer. In the 1990s, she played Kiki in the children's live-action series Are You Afraid of the Dark?, and has been involved in various dramas including Extra! Extra!, Vampire High, Undressed, and Fries with That?. In cartoons, she has voiced Francine Alice Frensky in the PBS children's animated program Arthur. She voiced Tecna in the Cinélume dub of Winx Club, and also provided voices for Deus Ex: Human Revolution. Besides screen and voice acting, Resther has dabbled in music, releasing an R&B album titled _Real_ and a French-language album called _Ma Dualité_ on the DEJA Musique label.
Child marriage in Pakistan

**Child marriage** is practiced in some parts of Pakistan, with the highest prevalence in the Sindh province amd Azad Kashmir. It disproportionately affects the girl child. Early and child marriage are directly attributable to deep-rooted gender inequalities, traditional practices, and customs.
Robert Califf

**Robert Califf** (born 1951) is an American cardiologist and politician. He was the Commissioner of Food and Drugs from 2022 until 2025 during the Joe Biden administration. He held the same job from September 2015 to January 2017 during the Barack Obama presidency.

President Joe Biden renominated Califf to head the Food and Drug Administration on November 12, 2021. On February 15, 2022, the United States Senate confirmed his nomination by a 50-46 vote.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Robert Califf
- **image**: Robert M. Califf, FDA Commissioner.jpg
- **office**: 22nd and 25th Commissioner of Food and Drugs
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: February 17, 2022
- **term end**: January 20, 2025
- **predecessor**: Stephen Hahn (oncologist), Stephen Hahn
- **successor**: Marty Makary
- **president2**: Barack Obama
- **term start2**: February 22, 2016
- **term end2**: January 20, 2017
- **predecessor2**: Margaret Hamburg
- **successor2**: Scott Gottlieb
- **birth place**: Anderson, South Carolina, Anderson, South Carolina, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: Duke University (Bachelor of Science, BS, Doctor of Medicine, MD)
Newmarket, New Hampshire

**Newmarket** is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 9,430 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Newmarket official website
Littleton, New Hampshire

**Littleton** is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 6,005 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Littleton official website
- Littleton Area Chamber of Commerce
- Littleton Information and Activities
- Littleton Public Library
Masaharu Matsushita

, was a Japanese businessman who served as the second President of Panasonic for sixteen years beginning in 1961. He was the son-in-law of Panasonic's founder, Kōnosuke Matsushita. Masaharu Matsushita has been credited with expanding Panasonic into a global brand during a time of high economic expansion in Japan.

### Foreign honour

- : Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia#Commander|Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (P.S.M.) (1993)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Masaharu Matsushita

- **image size**: 250px
- **birth date**: September 17, 1912
- **birth place**: Tokyo Prefecture, Tokyo, Empire of Japan
- **alma mater**: University of Tokyo
- **death place**: Osaka, Japan
- **known for**: 2nd President of Panasonic
- **father**: Hirata Shodo
- **spouse**: Sachiko Matsushita
- **mother**: Shizuko Hirata
- **relatives**: Kōnosuke Matsushita（장인어른）
 Hirata Tosuke (Grandfather)
Maeda Toshisada (uncle)
 Mitsui Hachirōemon, Mitsui Takakimi 11th head of the Mitsui family (Uncle)
Yamagata Isaburō (Great-uncle)
Yamagata Aritomo (Great-Great-uncle)
- **children**: Masayuki Matsushita
Hiro Matsushita
- **occupation**: Businessman, business executive
Yamagata Isaburō

Prince  was a Japanese politician, cabinet minister, and Japanese Inspector-General of Korea. His wife was the daughter of Katō Hiroyuki.

## Decorations

- Order of the Sacred Treasure, Third Class (27 December 1902; Fourth Class: 28 December 1898; Fifth Class: 26 June 1897; Sixth Class: 21 June 1895)
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (21 July 1909; Second Class: 1 April 1906)
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers (24 September 1927; posthumous)

## Other websites

- National Diet Library Bio and Photo

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Yamagata Isaburō
- **image**: Yamagata Isaburoh.png
- **caption**: Prince Yamagata Isaburō
- **native name**: 山縣 伊三郎
- **birth place**: Yamaguchi prefecture, Japan
- **father**: Yamagata Aritomo
- **mother**: Toshiko Yamagata
- **occupation**: Politician, cabinet minister
Exeter, New Hampshire

**Exeter** is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 16,049 people lived there.

It is home to Phillips Exeter Academy, a famous private boarding school.

## Other websites

- Exeter Historical Society
- SAU 16, Exeter Area School District
- Exeter Public Library
Alba Flores

**Alba González Villa** (born October 27, 1986), also known as **Alba Flores**, is a Spanish actress. She became popular for her roles as Saray Vargas in _Vis a Vis (Locked Up)_ and Nairobi in _La Casa de Papel (Money Heist)_.

She is the only daughter of musician and composer Antonio Flores and Ana Villa, a theatrical producer.

While working with Álex Pina in _Vis a Vis_, the producer called her and asked if she was interested in joining his new show _La Casa de Papel (Money Heist)_. She won a Iris Award for Best Actress as well as several nominations for her work as Nairobi.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Alba Flores 2017.jpg
- **caption**: Flores in 2017
- **name**: Alba Flores
- **birth name**: Alba González Villa
- **birth place**: Madrid, Spain
- **occupation**: Actress
- **height**: 176 cm
- **years active**: 2004–present
Auto rickshaw

**Auto–rickshaws** are modernized versions of the rickshaw. They are common in Asia.  They have three wheels and generally have open sides.  They are often hired like taxi<nowiki/>s in cities for short journeys.  The drivers sits in the front and there is room for 2 passengers. There are also types which carry goods.  The first ones were built by Mazda in the 1930s.

## Around the world

Auto–rickshaws are most common in India and Thailand, but are available in many different countries across all continents.

### Names

Around the world, auto–rickshaws have different names like cocotaxi in Cuba, or Mototaxi in Peru, Tuktuk in India.
Patrol

A **patrol** is commonly a group of people like law enforcement officers, military personnel, or private security contractors. These people are assigned to watch over a specific geographic area.

In military, patrol units are sent for gathering information, combat, or both. Outside the military, patrol officers are Police officers are given areas to keep watch over. This is done to know if there are any problems or disputes in the area.

The term need not be so formal, and it applies wider than just humans. Many animals patrol their territory. They may mark the boundary with scent, and challenge any member of the species who enters the territory. This so-called "agonistic behaviour" occurs because resources are limited.