juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sacrifice (2011)

**Sacrifice (2011)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on May 15, 2011 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the seventh Sacrifice event that TNA held.

There were nine matches on the card. The main event saw Sting defeat Rob Van Dam to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.

Sacrifice gained mixed reviews. James Caldwell of Pro Wrestling Torch thought that the show had an "Awful undercard and decent-to-acceptable second-half of the card". He said that "Overall, TNA was missing a match like Steiner vs. Morgan, which they began hyping at the first set of TV tapings, to better bridge the middle of the show to the main event matches. Instead, the show had too many matches the crowd had no emotional investment in."

## Matches

|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**#**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Results**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Stipulations**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Times**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|Mexican America (Anarquia and Hernandez) (with Sarita and Rosita) defeated Ink Inc. (Jesse Neal and Shannon Moore)|Tag team match|9:39|||||
|2|Brian Kendrick defeated Robbie E (with Cookie)|Singles match|6:41|||||
|3|Mickie James (c) defeated Madison Rayne|Singles match for the TNA Women's Knockout Championship; if James was the winner, Tara's contract with Rayne would be nullified and Tara would be free to work in TNA.|6:57|||||
|4|Kazarian (c) defeated Max Buck|Singles match for the TNA X Division Championship|11:21|||||
|5|Crimson defeated Abyss|Singles match|10:43|||||
|6|Beer Money, Inc. (James Storm and Robert Roode) (c) defeated Immortal (Chris Harris and Matt Hardy)|Tag team match for the TNA World Tag Team Championship|13:51|||||
|7|Tommy Dreamer defeated A.J. Styles|No Disqualification match|13:04|||||
|8|Kurt Angle and Chyna defeated Jeff and Karen Jarrett|Mixed tag team match|10:19|||||
|9|Sting (c) defeated Rob Van Dam|Singles match for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship|12:43|||||
|colspan="4" align=center|(c) – refers to the champion(s) heading into the match|||||||

## Other websites

- Official TNA Sacrifice website

## Infobox (wrestling event)

- **name**: Sacrifice (2011)
- **tagline**: "Will One Man's Legacy Fulfill Another Man's Dream?"
- **promotion**: Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
- **date**: May 15, 2011
- **attendance**: 1,100
- **venue**: Impact Zone, Impact! Zone
(Universal Studios Florida)
- **city**: Orlando, Florida, Orlando, Florida
- **lastevent**: Lockdown (2011)
- **nextevent**: Slammiversary IX
- **event**: TNA Sacrifice, Sacrifice
- **lastevent2**: Sacrifice (2010)
- **nextevent2**: Sacrifice (2012)
Near field communication

**Near field communication** (often shortened to **NFC**) is the name for a standard that uses radio communication technology to send data over short distances. Usually, the distance covered is in the order of four centimeters. The standard is mostly used for micropayment systems. Another common use is to store tickets, such as those used for trains and buses on a re-usable smartcard. Many universities equip their student ID cards so they can be used to pay small amounts, for example a cup of coffee in a cafeteria.

Each device is either active or passive; some can assume both roles.
- The devices that communicate need to be very close to each other (or touch each other). This system is often used for ticketing applications
- Bluetooth is sometimes used in addition, to bridge medium distances. This is often used with security tokens for access control. That way, the two devices simply need to be close to each other, in the order of 10-15 cm; touching is no longer required.
Gaslight (movie)

***Gaslight*** is a 1944 American crime drama mystery thriller movie. It was based on the play _Gas Light_. The movie is about a man trying to steal jewels that belong to his wife. He tries to make his wife insane so that she will not interfere. Charles Boyer and Ingrid Bergman play the man and the wife. Angela Lansbury plays their maid, Nancy.

This movie was released on May 4, 1944. The movie won two Academy Awards and was nominated for five others.

The term _gaslighting_ comes from the title of the movie.
Cooperative binding

**Cooperative binding** is when the number of small molecules binding to a macromolecule depends on the concentration of those small molecules around the macromolecule.

This is a type of molecular binding, which is where molecules attach to each other in a stable way without decaying or breaking that bond rapidly.

## Example

A popular example of cooperative binding is between hemoglobin and oxygen. In the lungs, there is a very high concentration of oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs. So the oxygen bonds to haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin. When this travels around the body in the blood and reaches areas of low oxygen concentration, the oxygen is released from the haemoglobin.

## Other websites

- Khan Academy-Haemoglobin
Laura (movie)

***Laura*** is a 1944 American film noir. The movie is about a murder investigation in New York City. Dana Andrews plays the detective. Gene Tierney plays the title character. Judith Anderson plays Ann.

The movie was released on October 11, 1944. It got positive review from critics. The movie won an Academy Award and was nominated for four others.
Mary Rowlandson

**Mary (White) Rowlandson**, later **Mary Talcott** (c. 1637January 5, 1711) was a colonial American woman. She was captured by Indians during King Philip's War. She was held in captivity for three months before being ransomed. Six years after her ordeal, she wrote _The Sovereignty and Goodness of God: Being a Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson_. It was published in 1682. This text is considered an American leader in the literary genre of captivity narratives. It went through four printings in 1682. It was widely read in colonial New England and in England. It is considered the first American "bestseller."

## Early years

Mary White was born about 1637 in Somersetshire, England. The family left England sometime before 1650. They settled at Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1653, they moved to Lancaster, Massachusetts. Lancaster was on the Massachusetts frontier. She married Reverend Joseph Rowlandson there in 1656. They had four children between 1658 and 1669. Their first daughter died young.

## Indian attack

At sunrise in February 1676 during King Philip's War, Lancaster was attacked by Narragansett, Wampanoag and Nipmuc Indians. They killed 13 people. At least 24 were taken captive. Many of the captives were injured. Rowlandson and her three children, Joseph, Mary, and Sarah, were among those taken in the raid. Rowlandson's 6-year-old daughter, Sarah, died from her wounds after a week of captivity. For nearly three months, Rowlandson and her children were forced to stay with the Indians. The Indians travelled through the wilderness to carry out other raids. They also wanted to hide from the English militia. Rowlandson suffered very much. She described her sufferings in great detail in her book.

## Ransom and later life

On May 2, 1676, Rowlandson was ransomed for £20. The money was raised by the women of Boston. In 1677, Reverend Rowlandson moved his family to Wethersfield, Connecticut. He became pastor in April of that year. He died in Wethersfield in November 1678. Church officials gave his widow a pension of £30 per year. Rowlandson and her children moved to Boston. On August 6, 1679, Rowlandson married Captain Samuel Talcott and took his last name. She died on January 5, 1711. Rowlandson is thought to have written the story of her captivity in Boston. The original manuscript has not survived. It was published both in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and in London in 1682.

## Other websites

- Mary Rowlandson - Captive in 1675/76
- _"Soveraignty and Goodness of God"_
Got7

**Got7** (; romanized as _Gatsebeun_; stylized as **GOT7**) is a multi-national K-pop  boy group formed in 2014.  Got7 has seven members. The leader JB, Mark, Jackson, Jinyoung, Youngjae, BamBam and Yugyeom. They are a multinational group with members from South Korea, Hong Kong, Thailand, and the United States. Got7 released their debut EP, _Got It?_, on January 20, 2014.  On October 22, 2014, they debuted in Japan with the release of their first Japanese single, "Around the World".

## Debut

Two members of GOT7 made their debut as “JJ Project” in 2012. On January 16, 2014, the two members joined the other five members and re-debuted as “GOT7”. Their debut EP “Got It?” was released on January 20, 2014. Their Japanese single “AROUND THE WORLD” was released January 22, 2014. Their activities in Japan ended in 2020.

## Members

Mark is the oldest member of GOT7, but JB is the leader of this group. JB, Jinyoung, Youngjae, Yugyeom are all Korean. Mark is from the United States. Jackson is from Hong Kong and BamBam is Thai.

## Additional information

This idol group was formed by GOT7 Entertainment. GOT7 is a member of G7 Nation. All members were trainees of JYP Entertainment. Jinyoung is active as an actor. JB is in two units of GOT7 members. One unit is “JJ Project” with Jinyoung and the other is “Jus2” with Yugyeom. The music videos of "Just right", "Lullaby", and "Never Ever" have over 100 million views.

## Award history

Since their debut in 2014, they received 56 awards and 148 nominations. In 2014, Got7 won Best New Artist Group at the Seoul Music Awards and received three nominations at the 29th Golden Disk Awards, winning the Newcomer Award and China Goodwill Star Award.  In 2020, they got awards “WORLDWIDE FANS’ CHOICE” in MAMA (Mnet Asian Music Awards) and “year’s artists awards” in TMA (THE FACT MUSIC AWARDS).

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: GOT7
- **background**: group_or_band
- **image**: Got7right.jpg
- **image size**: 320px
- **caption**: GOT7  performing _Just Right_ at the 2015 Summer K-POP Festival.   From left to right: JB, Jackson, Jinyoung, Yugyeom, Mark, Youngjae, BamBam
- **origin**: Seoul, South Korea
- **years active**: 2014–present
- **current members**: *Mark
*JB
*Jackson Wang, Jackson
*Jinyoung (singer)
*Youngjae
*BamBam (singer), BamBam
*Yugyeom
Assassin bug

**Assassin bugs** are the **Reduviidae**. They are a large cosmopolitan family of "true bugs" or Hemiptera.

They are almost all terrestrial ambush predators.

Most members of the family are easy to recognise: they have a relatively narrow neck, sturdy build and formidable curved proboscis. Large specimens should be handled with care, if at all, because they may defend themselves with a very painful stab from the proboscis.
Crab cake

**Crab cakes** are a popular dish from the Chesapeake Bay region of Maryland. They are a mix of crab meat and seasonings. They usually contain bread picked apart in small pieces, mayonnaise, mustard, parsley, beaten egg, paprika and pepper.

Traditionally, crab cakes are fried in vegetable oil. They can be served between saltine crackers or on a roll. A typical size is 1/5 to ¼ lb. Often they are eaten with French fries and a soda or beer.

The earliest recipe found for crab cakes is in Edinburgh in 1849 where they are described as cutlets.
Anatoly Berezovoy

**Anatoly Nikolayevich Berezovoy** (, 11 March 1942 – 20 September 2014) was a Soviet cosmonaut.

Berezovoy was born in Enem, Adyghe Autonomous Oblast, Russian SFSR in a Ukrainian family. He had two children.

On 27 April 1970 he was selected as a cosmonaut and flew as Commander on Soyuz T-5. He retired on 31 October 1992 due to medical reasons after injuries he received as a victim of an armed robbery. From 1992 to 1999, he was a Deputy President Russian Space Federation.

Berezovoy died on September 20, 2014 in Moscow, Russia, aged 72.

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **image**: Березовой Анатолий Николаевич.jpg
- **name**: Anatoly Berezovoy
- **type**: Cosmonaut
- **nationality**: Soviet Union, Soviet
 Russian
- **birth place**: Enem (urban-type settlement), Enem, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, RSFSR, USSR
- **death place**: Moscow, Russia
- **occupation**: aviator, Pilot
- **rank**: Colonel, Soviet Air Force
- **selection**: List of astronauts by selection#1970, Air Force Group 5
- **evas**: 1
- **eva time**: 2 hours 33 minutes
- **space time**: 211 days 09 hours 04 minutes
- **missions**: Soyuz T-5 \Soyuz T-7
- **awards**: Hero of the Soviet Union
Fremont, Ohio

**Fremont** is a city in and the county seat of Sandusky County, Ohio, United States. The population was 15,930 at the 2020 census. It was the home of Rutherford B. Hayes, who was President of the United States from 1877 to 1881.
Altaf Gauhar

**Altaf Gauhar** or sometimes written **Altaf Gohar** (1923-2000) was a Pakistani civil servant, journalist and writer. He is best known for having helped to write the biography of the notorious Pakistani military dictator General.Ayub Khan.
Riffat Hassan

**Riffat Hassan** (born 1943 in Lahore) is a Pakistani-American feminist and Islamic scholar of the Quran.

She studied from Durham University, England and later moved to the United States. She has taught at schools including Oklahoma State University and Harvard University, and is currently a professor of Religious Studies at the University of Louisville, Kentucky

She is a strong supporter of 'Progressive Islam' and of the right of abortion and to the access to contraception for Muslim women.
Atomic Betty

***Atomic Betty*** is an  animated children's television series. It is produced by Atomic Cartoons, Breakthrough Films & Television, and Tele Images Kids. It is about a girl named Betty who enjoys school, daydreaming, science fiction movies and singing in her band.  She lives in Moose Jaw Heights, a fictional place in Saskatchewan. Atomic Betty is assisted by her pilot Sparky and a robot named X-5. She confronts the evil overlord Maximus I.Q. (including Minimus) and other intergalactic supervillains. Atomic Betty is a superstar throughout the galaxy.

## Infobox (television)

- **alt name**: Atomic Betty: Mission Earth (season 3)
- **genre**: Adventure game, Adventure
Comic science fiction
Magical girl
Science fantasy
Comedy
- **developer**: Kevin Gillis
- **open theme**: "Atomic Betty Theme" by Tajja Isen
- **end theme**: "Atomic Betty Theme Remix"
- **composer**: Lenz Entertainment
- **language**: English
French
- **num seasons**: 3
- **num episodes**: 79
- **list episodes**: List of Atomic Betty episodes
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
11 minutes (segments)
60 minutes (_The No L-9_ special)
- **channel**: **United States**
Cartoon Network
**Canada**
Treehouse TV (Seasons 1-2)
Family Channel (Canadian TV network), Family Channel (Season 3)
TVA (Season 3)
Tele-Quebec (Season 3)
Disney Junior (Canadian TV channel), Disney Junior (Seasons 1-2)
**France**
M6 (TV channel), M6 (Seasons 1–2)
Télétoon+, Télétoon (Season 3)
Planning Institute of Paris

The **Planning Institute of Paris** is a scientific research institute and university graduate training in the field of urban planning. It is in the Paris 12 Val de Marne University campus, France. The institute was established in 1919. It is a member of AESOP (Association of European Schools of Planning) and the French Urbanism Institute.

## Other websites

- Planning Institute of Paris
French Urbanism Institute

The **French Urbanism Institute (IFU)** is a scientific research institute in the Université de Marne-la-Vallée near Paris, France. The institute was established in 1969 after the establishment of the Planning Institute of Paris in 1919.

## Other websites

- French Urbanism Institute
For the Boys

***For the Boys*** is a 1991 romantic comedy-drama movie. It is about Dixie Leonard, a singer and actress in the 1940s. Leonard performs to entertain American war troops. Bette Midler plays Dixie Leonard. James Caan plays Eddie Sparks.

Some critics liked the movie. Some did not like it. It did not make much money.
Damon Wayans

**Damon Wayans, Sr.** (born September 4, 1960) is an American actor and stand-up comedian. He acts in both movies and television. He played Jimmy Dix in _The Last Boy Scout_. He also played Lewis Scott in _Celtic Pride_. He starred the ABC sitcom My Wife and Kids. He also starred in a short lived sitcom with his son called "Poppa's House.

He was born in New York City.
The Last Boy Scout

***The Last Boy Scout*** is a 1991 American action crime thriller movie. Damon Wayans plays Jimmy Dix. Bruce Willis plays Joe. Halle Berry plays Cory. Danielle Harris plays Darian.

This movie was released on December 13, 1991. It got mixed reviews from critics.

## Release Dates

|Country|Premiere|
| --- | --- |
||13 December 1991|
||21 December 1991|
||24 December 1991|
||10 January 1992|
||7 February 1992|
||12 February 1992|
||14 February 1992|
||20 February 1992|
||28 February 1992|
||28 February 1992|
||29 February 1992|
||6 March 1992|
||12 March 1992|
||20 March 1992|
||27 March 1992|
||27 March 1992|
||23 April 1992|
||24 April 1992|
||7 May 1992|
||8 May 1992|
||22 May 1992|
||29 May 1992|
||12 June 1992|
||12 February 1993|
Karl Jaspers

**Karl Theodor Jaspers** (23 February 1883 – 26 February 1969) was a German psychiatrist and philosopher. Jaspers contributed a lot to modern psychiatry: He was one of the first doctors who made a strict distinction between _understanding_ and _explaining_. Jaspers said that there is only an indirect path to the processes of the soul.

## Biography

Jaspers was born in Saxony.  Jaspers father was a jurist and after a director of a bank. Jaspers was a "sickly child". Jaspers had from his youth low health from hereditary bronchiectasis which was diagnosed during April 1901, and is a degenerative disease. Jaspers was also diagnosed with "alleged secondary cardiac insufficiency" at some time during his youth.

Jaspers decided to study law at university, but changed to studying medicine from 1902 and achieved a medical degree during 1908. The subject of his thesis for graduation was homesickness and crime.  His entire career as a psychiatrist with patients was approximately six years, after which he quit and became a philosopher instead.

## Work

The most important thing Jaspers did for psychiatry was writing a book which was published during 1913 with the title _General Psychopathology_.

## Related pages

- Anglo-Saxons
- Delusion § History
- Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
Mortar (masonry)

**Mortar** acts as a kind of glue to keep stones and bricks together. When it is used, it is a kind of paste. Some kinds of mortar need to dry before they can act as a glue, in others, a chemical reaction is needed. Certain kinds of mortar can withstand fire for some time. The first kind of mortar was developed in Ancient Rome.
Polly Bergen

**Nellie Paulina Burgin** (July 14, 1930 – September 20, 2014), better known by her stage name **Polly Bergen**, was an American actress, singer, television host, and businesswoman.

## Biography

In 1958, Bergen won an Emmy Award for her role as Helen Morgan in the Playhouse 90 drama series _The Helen Morgan Story_. She also was awarded with a Tony Award in 2001 for her role as Carlotta Campion in _Follies_. In the early 1960s, she was nominated with two Golden Globe Award for _Cape Fear_ (1962) and _The Caretakers_ (1963). From 1957 to 1958, she hosted _The Polly Bergen Show_, an NBC comedy/variety show for 18 episodes. She also had an Emmy-nominated guest role in the television series _Desperate Housewives_ as Stella Wingfield from 2007 until 2011.

Bergen was born in Knoxville, Tennessee to a Southern Baptist family. She was married three times, all ending in divorce. She was first married to Jeffrey Endervelt from 1950 until 1955. She then married theatrical agent/movie producer Freddie Fields from 1956 until 1973. They had three children, two of which her adopted. She was later married to Jeffrey Endervelt from 1982 until 1990. During her marriage to Fields, she became Jewish.

Bergen died from heart failure on September 20, 2014 in Southbury, Connecticut. She was 84. She had emphysema since the 1990s, caused by fifty years of smoking.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Polly Bergen
- **image**: Polly Bergen 2012 Shankbone.JPG
- **caption**: Bergen in April 2012.
- **birth name**: Nellie Paulina Burgin
- **birth place**: Knoxville, Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Southbury, Connecticut, Southbury, Connecticut, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1949–2011
- **occupation**: Actress, singer, television host
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 3 (2 Adoption, adopted)
Dina Merrill

**Dina Merrill** (December 29, 1923 – May 22, 2017) was an American actress, socialite, businesswoman and philanthropist. She is known for her roles in _Operation Petticoat_, _The Sundowners_, _BUtterfield 8_, _The Courtship of Eddie's Father_, and in _Caddyshack II_.

Merrill died on May 22, 2017 at her East Hampton, New York home from dementia at the age of 93.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dina Merrill
- **image**: Dina Merrill 1968.JPG
- **caption**: Publicity photo of Merrill in 1968
- **birth name**: Nedenia Marjorie Hutton
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: East Hampton, New York, East Hampton, New York, U.S.
- **years active**: 1955–2003
- **occupation**: Actress
- **spouse**: Stanley M. Rumbough, Jr.
<small>(m.1946-1966; divorced)</small>
Cliff Robertson
<small>(m.1966-1986; divorced)</small>
Ted Hartley
<small>(m.1989-2017; her death)</small>
- **children**: 4 total (2, David and Heather) predeceased Merrill
- **relatives**: Barbara Hutton (cousin)
William Hall-Jones

**Sir William Hall-Jones**, KCMG (16 January 1851 – 19 June 1936) was the 16th Prime Minister of New Zealand from June 1906 until August 1906.  He was the interim Prime Minister after the death of Richard Seddon and the return from overseas of Joseph Ward.

## Other websites

- Prime Ministers Office Biography: William Hall-Jones

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **name**: Sir William Hall-Jones
- **honorific-suffix**: Order of St Michael and St George, KCMG
- **order**: 16th Prime Minister of New Zealand
- **image**: William Hall-Jones 2.jpg
- **term start**: 10 June 1906
- **term end**: 6 August 1906
- **monarch**: Edward VII
- **governor**: William Plunket, 5th Baron Plunket, William Plunket
- **predecessor**: Richard Seddon
- **successor**: Joseph Ward
- **birth place**: Folkestone, Kent, England
- **death place**: Wellington, New Zealand
- **spouse**: Fanny Smith
- **children**: 6
- **party**: New Zealand Liberal Party, Liberal
- **constituency**: Timaru
Lynbrook, New York

**Lynbrook** is a village in Nassau County, New York, USA. The population was 20,438 at the 2020 census. The **Incorporated Village of Lynbrook** is inside the Town of Hempstead. The Village of Lynbrook's current mayor is Alan C. Beach.
Jeanne Shaheen

**Cynthia Jeanne Bowers** (also **Jeanne Shaheen**; born January 28, 1947) is an American politician. She is a member of the U.S. Democratic Party.

In 1996, Shaheen became the first woman to be elected Governor of New Hampshire.

In 2008, Shaheen was elected to the United States Senate. Since 2011, she has been the senior senator from New Hampshire.

Shaheen was born in Saint Charles, Missouri.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jeanne Shaheen
- **image**: Shaheen Senate Portrait.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: New Hampshire
- **alongside**: Maggie Hassan
- **term start**: January 3, 2009
- **predecessor**: John E. Sununu, John Sununu
- **office1**: List of Governors of New Hampshire, 78th Governor of New Hampshire
- **term start1**: January 9, 1997
- **term end1**: January 9, 2003
- **predecessor1**: Steve Merrill
- **successor1**: Craig Benson
- **state senate2**: New Hampshire
- **district2**: 21st
- **term start2**: December 2, 1992
- **term end2**: December 4, 1996
- **predecessor2**: Position established
- **successor2**: Katie Wheeler
- **birth name**: Cynthia Jeanne Bowers
- **birth place**: St. Charles, Missouri, St. Charles, Missouri, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Bill Shaheen
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg University
University of Mississippi, University of Mississippi, Oxford
Antony Kidman

**Antony David** "**Tony**" **Kidman**  (10 December 1938 – 12 September 2014) was an Australian psychologist, biochemist and writer. He was a faculty member of the University of Technology, Sydney for more than 43 years until his death. At the time of his death, he was also the Director of Health Psychology Unit.

Kidman was born in Sydney, New South Wales. He was of Scottish ancestry. He married Janelle in 1964. They had two daughters: Academy Award-winning actress Nicole Kidman (born 1967) and journalist and television presenter Antonia Kidman (born 1970). In 2005, he was made a Member of the Order of Australia.

Kidman died from a heart attack on 12 September 2014 in Singapore, aged 75.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Antony Kidman
- **birth name**: Antony David Kidman
- **birth place**: Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- **death place**: Singapore
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **yearsactive**: 1960s–2014
- **occupation**: Psychologist, biochemist, writer
- **spouse**: (his death)
- **children**: Nicole Kidman (born 1967)
Antonia Kidman (born 1970)
Francisco Feliciano

**Francisco Feliciano** (19 February 1941 – 19 September 2014) was a Filipino composer and conductor. He was a National Artist of the Philippines for Music. Feliciano was born in 1941, in Morong, Rizal. In 2014, Feliciano was named one of six National Artists of America, together with five other persons.

Feliciano died in Manila, Philippines from unknown causes, aged 73.
Ghostbusters (song)

"**Ghostbusters**" is a 1984 song recorded by Ray Parker, Jr. as the theme to the movie of the same name starring Bill Murray, Harold Ramis and Dan Aykroyd.

The song reached number one on the _Billboard_ Hot 100 on August 11, 1984. It stayed there for three weeks. It was at number two on the UK Singles Chart on September 16, 1984. It stayed there for three weeks. The song re-entered the UK Top 75 on November 2, 2008, at No. 49.

It was nominated at the Academy Award for Best Music, Original Song, but lost to Stevie Wonder's "I Just Called to Say I Love You".
Iain MacCormick

**Iain Somerled MacDonald MacCormick** (28 September 1939 – 19 September 2014) was a Scottish politician. He was a member of the Scottish National Party (SNP). He was MP for Argyllshire from 28 February 1974 until 7 April 1979. He was also a member of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) from 1981 until 1988.

MacCormick was educated in Glasgow. He also worked as a high school teacher in his town.

MacCormick died on 19 September 2014 in Oban, Argyll and Bute, aged 74. The day before he voted in the Scottish independence referendum.

## Other websites

- Iain MacCormick at TheyWorkForYou
Rootkit

A ***rootkit*** is a computer virus which allows someone to take control on your computer. It is very dangerous.

It is a stealthy type of software, typically malicious, designed to hide the existence of certain processes or programs from normal methods of detection. It allows continued secret access to a computer.

Rootkits can be a single piece of code or multiple tools working together to affect the targets computer.
Groundhog Day (movie)

**Groundhog Day** is a 1993 American fantasy comedy movie. It was directed and co-written by Harold Ramis. It stars Bill Murray, Andie MacDowell, Chris Elliott, Brian Doyle-Murray, Stephen Tobolowsky, Angela Paton and Michael Shannon with David Pasquesi. It was also co-written by Danny Rubin. The movie is about a weatherman in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania who finds himself in a time loop after covering Groundhog Day. He begins to re-think his life after hedonism and suicide attempts.

The movie was released on February 12, 1993 and got good reviews. It made $70,906,973 at the box office.
Bladderwort

**Bladderworts** plant are  ***Utricularia***, a genus of carnivorous plants.
There are about 230 species. They occur in fresh water and wet soil as terrestrial or aquatic species. They live in every continent except Antarctica. Bladderworts are cultivated for their flowers, which are rather like those of snapdragons and orchids.

All _Utricularia_ are carnivorous and capture small organisms by means of bladder-like traps. Terrestrial species tend to have tiny traps that feed on minute prey such as protozoa and rotifers swimming in water-saturated soil.

The traps range in size from 0.2 mm to 1.2 cm. Aquatic species, such as _U. vulgaris_ (common bladderwort), have bladders that are usually larger and can feed on water fleas _(Daphnia)_, nematodes, even tiny fish, mosquito larvae and young tadpoles.

Despite their small size, the traps are extremely sophisticated. In aquatic species, prey brush against trigger hairs connected to the trapdoor. The bladder, when "set", is under negative pressure: when the trapdoor is triggered, the prey, with the water around it, is sucked into the bladder. Once the bladder is full of water, the door closes again. The whole process takes only ten to fifteen thousandths of a second.

Bladderworts are unusual and highly specialized plants. The bladder traps are recognized as one of the most sophisticated structures in the plant kingdom.
Harold & Kumar

***Harold & Kumar*** is an American series of stoner comedy movies. There are three movies in total. The movies star John Cho (Harold Lee), Kal Penn (Kumar Patel) and Neil Patrick Harris (himself). The first movie, _Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle_, was released on July 30, 2004. The second movie, _Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay_, was released on April 25, 2008. The third and final movie, _A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas_, was released on November 4, 2011. The reviews of each movie has been mixed, but they have all done well at the box office.
Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle

***Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle*** (also known as ***Harold & Kumar Get the Munchies***) is a 2004 American stoner comedy movie. It is the first movie in the _Harold & Kumar_ series. It is directed by Danny Leiner. It stars John Cho, Kal Penn, Neil Patrick Harris, Fred Willard, Bobby Lee, Christopher Meloni, Ryan Reynolds and Malin Åkerman. It is written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The movie was released on July 30, 2004 by Warner Bros. It received mixed reviews, but did well at the box office. The movie's sequel, _Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay_, was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros.

The movie is about two friends, Harold and Kumar, as they go to the fast food restaurant White Castle after smoking cannabis, but end up on a series of misadventures when they cannot find the restaurant.
Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay

***Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay*** is a 2008 American stoner comedy movie. It is the second movie in the _Harold & Kumar_ series. It stars John Cho, Kal Penn, Paula Garcés, Neil Patrick Harris, Jon Reep, Rob Corddry and Ed Helms. It is directed/produced/written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The movie was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros. It received mixed reviews, but did well at the box office.

The movie follows the event after _Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle_ with Harold and Kumar flying to Amsterdam in the Netherlands. They are then imprisoned and end up on a series of misadventures when they escape from Guantanamo Bay.
Secret ballot

A **secret ballot** is a type of vote where the voter's choices are anonymous. This is to make bribery or intimidation of voters more difficult. Secret ballots are good for many different voting systems. The most basic form may be blank pieces of paper. The voter writes only his or her choice, then places it into a sealed box. The box is emptied later for counting.

The French Constitution of 1795 states that "All elections are to be held by secret ballot". Britain followed later. The secret ballot was first used in Britain on 15 August 1872 in a by-election. The original ballot box, sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is kept at Pontefract museum.
Rob Bironas

**James Robert Douglas "Rob" Bironas** (January 29, 1978 – September 20, 2014) was an American Football placekicker. He played college football for the Georgia Southern University Eagles. He played 144 games in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Tennessee Titans. During his NFL career, he was named to the All-Pro team and was selected to play in the Pro Bowl in 2007. He has also played for the Charleston Swamp Foxes, Carolina Cobras, and New York Dragons of the Arena Football League (AFL). Bironas was released by the Titans on March 19, 2014.

On September 20, 2014, Bironas was involved in a car crash when he lost control of his SUV and swerved off of the road, hitting several trees and turning his vehicle upside down. He was taken to Vanderbilt University Medical Center, but was pronounced dead.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (nfl biography)

- **name**: Rob Bironas
- **image**: Rob-Bironas-TitansvsPackers-Nov-2-08.jpg
- **image size**: 275
- **caption**: Bironas with the Titans in November 2008
- **number**: 2
- **position**: Placekicker
- **birth place**: Louisville, Kentucky
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lbs**: 210
- **high school**: Trinity High School (Louisville), Trinity
(St. Matthews, Kentucky)
- **college**: Georgia Southern Eagles football, Georgia Southern
- **undraftedyear**: 2001
- **pastteams**: * Green Bay Packers ()*
* Charleston Swamp Foxes ()
* Tampa Bay Buccaneers ()*
* Carolina Cobras ()
* Pittsburgh Steelers ()*
* New York Dragons ()
* Tennessee Titans (–)
- **pastteamsnote**: yes
- **highlights**: * Pro Bowl (2008 Pro Bowl, 2007)
* First-team All-Pro (2007 All-Pro Team, 2007)
* _PFW_ Golden Toe Award (2007)
* Most field goals made in one game (8, 2007)
- **statlabel1**: Field goal (American and Canadian football), Field goals
- **statvalue1**: 239
- **statlabel2**: Field goal attempts
- **statvalue2**: 279
- **statlabel3**: Field goal %
- **statvalue3**: 85.6
- **statlabel4**: Long field goal
- **statvalue4**: 60
- **nfl**: BIR753911
- **pfr**: bironrob01
Grammar school

A **grammar school** is one of several different types of school in  the United Kingdom and some other English-speaking countries.

The term has been used for several centuries. Originally, they were schools teaching Latin. More recently, they are academically-oriented secondary schools.

In the late Victorian era grammar schools were reorganised for secondary education throughout England and Wales. Scotland had developed a different system. Grammar schools were also established in British territories overseas, where they have evolved in different ways.

They were described as "the selective tier of state-funded secondary education in England and Wales".
Grammar schools became "selective" in the mid-20th century, after World War II. This means they selected applicants whom they thought would get the most out of that kind of education. The selection was done by means of an 11+ test which included an IQ test. This was designed so that it was more based on native ability, rather than taught learning.

Labour governments in the 1960s and 70s made efforts to replace grammar schools with comprehensive schools. Comprehensive schools were open to children of all abilities, similar to high schools in the United States.

As a result, in the 1960s and 1970s some grammar schools became fully independent and charged fees. Many others were abolished or became comprehensive. In both cases, many of these schools kept "grammar school" in their names. There are still 164 state-run grammar schools in existence.
Valeria Golino

**Valeria Golino** (born 22 October 1965) is an Italian director and actress. She played Susanna in _Rain Man_. She played Ramada in _Hot Shots!_.

Golino was born in Naples, Italy. She was raised in Sorrento and Athens.
Paradise (movie)

***Paradise*** is a 1991 drama movie. It is about a young couple torn apart by family tragedy. Don Johnson plays Ben Reed. Melanie Griffith plays Lily Reed. Elijah Wood plays Willard. Thora Birch plays Billie.

This movie was released on October 4, 1991.
George Radwanski

**George Radwanski** (February 28, 1947 – September 18, 2014) was a Canadian public servant, policy adviser, journalist and author. In his journalism career, Radwanski won two National Newspaper Awards for editorial writing.

In 1971, he published _No Mandate But Terror_ with Kendal Windeyer, an account of the October Crisis.  In 1978, he published _Trudeau,_ a best-selling political biography of then-Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau.

Radwanski died of a heart attack on September 18, 2014 in Montreal, Quebec, aged 67.
Sacrifice (2010)

**Sacrifice (2010)** was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on May 16, 2010 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the sixth Sacrifice event that TNA held.

There were nine matches on the card. The main event saw Rob Van Dam defeat A.J. Styles to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship.

## Matches

|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**#**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Results**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Stipulations**|style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|**Times**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|The Motor City Machine Guns (Alex Shelley and Chris Sabin) defeated Beer Money, Inc. (James Storm and Robert Roode) and Team 3D (Brother Devon and Brother Ray)|Three-way tag team match to become the #1 contenders for the TNA World Tag Team Championship|13:13|||||
|2|Rob Terry (c) defeated Orlando Jordan|Singles match for the TNA Global Championship|7:45|||||
|3|Douglas Williams defeated Kazarian (c)|Singles match for the TNA X Division Championship|13:50|||||
|4|Madison Rayne (c) defeated Tara|Title vs. Career match for the TNA Women's Knockout Championship|6:28|||||
|5|The Band (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall) (c) defeated Ink Inc. (Jesse Neal and Shannon Moore)|Tag team match for the TNA World Tag Team Championship|8:47|||||
|6|Abyss defeated Desmond Wolfe (with Chelsea)|Chelsea vs. Ring match; If Abyss won, he would get Chelsea's services for 30 days and if Wolfe won, he would have received Hulk Hogan's Hall of Fame ring.|9:27|||||
|7|Jeff Hardy defeated Mr. Anderson|Singles match|13:57|||||
|8|Sting defeated Jeff Jarrett|Singles match|0:14|||||
|9|Rob Van Dam (c) defeated A.J. Styles (with Ric Flair)|Singles match for the TNA World Heavyweight Championship|24:47|||||
|colspan="4" align=center|(c) – refers to the champion(s) heading into the match|||||||

## Other websites

- Official TNA Sacrifice website

## Infobox (wrestling event)

- **name**: Sacrifice (2010)
- **tagline**: "What Sacrifice Would You Be Willing To Make?"
- **theme**: "Shake It Out" by Manchester Orchestra
- **promotion**: Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
- **date**: May 16, 2010
- **attendance**: 1,100
- **venue**: Impact Zone, TNA Impact! Zone
(Universal Studios Florida)
- **city**: Orlando, Florida, Orlando, Florida
- **lastevent**: Lockdown (2010)
- **nextevent**: Slammiversary VIII
- **event**: TNA Sacrifice, Sacrifice
- **lastevent2**: Sacrifice (2009)
- **nextevent2**: Sacrifice (2011)
Vince Callahan

**Vincent Francis "Vince" Callahan Jr.** (October 30, 1931 – September 20, 2014) was an American politician. He served for 40 years as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates.

From January 1968 to January 2008, he represented the 34th district in the Virginia House of Delegates. At the time of his retirement, he was the longest-serving Republican in the Virginia General Assembly.

On September 20, 2014, Callahan died of West Nile virus at the age of 82.

## Other websites

- Bio, courtesy of the Virginia General Assembly

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Vince Callahan
- **state delegate**: Virginia
- **district**: 34th
- **term start**: January 12, 1983
- **term end**: January 9, 2008
- **preceded**: John Watkins (Virginia politician), John C. Watkins
- **succeeded**: Margaret Vanderhye, Margaret G. Vanderhye
- **state delegate2**: Virginia
- **district2**: 49th
- **term start2**: January 13, 1982
- **term end2**: January 12, 1983
- **preceded2**: Bobby Scott (U.S. politician), Robert C. Scott
- **succeeded2**: Warren G. Stambaugh
- **state delegate3**: Virginia
- **district3**: 18th
- **term start3**: January 12, 1972
- **term end3**: January 13, 1982
- **state delegate4**: Virginia
- **district4**: 27th
- **term start4**: January 10, 1968
- **term end4**: January 12, 1972
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **death place**: Richmond, Virginia
- **residence**: McLean, Virginia, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party of Virginia, Republican
James C. Marsters

**James Carlyle Marsters** (April 5, 1924 – July 28, 2009) was a deaf  American orthodontist. In 1964, he helped invent the first teletypewriter device that could be used with telephone lines. The device let deaf people communicate by telephone. Although Robert Weitbrecht did much of the actual design work, Marsters promoted the device's use.

Marsters was born in Norwich, New York.

Marsters died in Pasadena, California from heart disease and West Nile virus, aged 85.
Linda Griffiths

**Linda Pauline Griffiths** (7 October 1953 – 21 September 2014) was a Canadian actress and playwright. She was known for her roles in _Lianna_, _Overdawn at the Memory Bank_, _The Execution of Raymond Graham_, _Sword of Gideon_, _A Town Torn Apart_, and in _Boys Briefs 2_.

Griffiths died in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from breast cancer, aged 60.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Linda Griffiths
- **image**: Linda Griffiths CTM interview 2013.jpg
- **caption**: Linda Griffiths in 2013
- **birthname**: Linda Pauline Griffiths
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **death place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **death cause**: Breast cancer
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **occupation**: Actress, playwright
- **yearsactive**: 1980–2014
I Wanna Be Down

**"I Wanna be Down"** is a 1994 major hit song by Brandy Norwood. The single is about her flirting with a boy, whom she tries to show that she is sexy. The song was released in September 1994.

The song hit #6 on _Billboard_ Hot 100. It also hit #1 on _Billboard_ Hot R&B Singles Chart for four weeks.
Best Friend (song)

**"Best Friend"** is a 1995 song by Brandy Norwood. The song was released in June 1995.

The song peaked at #7 on the Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs Chart. It peaked at #34 on the _Billboard_ Hot 100.

The song was used on Norwood's show _Moesha_.
George Sluizer

**George Sluizer** (25 June 1932 – 20 September 2014) was a Dutch movie director. His best known movies were _Utz_ (1992), _The Vanishing_ (1993) and _Dark Blood_ (2012). He also made documentary movies.

Sluizer was born in Paris, France. His parents were Dutch and Norwegian. He claimed to see Israeli politician Ariel Sharon kill two Palestinian children in Lebanon sometime in 1982, which was not reported on until 2010.

Sluizer died from cardiovascular disease on 20 September 2014 in Amsterdam, North Holland, aged 82. He had been in ill-health since 2007.
Eric Lynch

**Eric Shaun Lynch** (March 11, 1975 – September 20, 2014), also known as **Eric the Midget** or **Eric the Actor**, was an American actor and radio personality. He was a member of _The Howard Stern Show's_ Wack Pack from 2002 until his death. He also appeared in television series such as _In Plain Sight_, _Fringe_, _Legit_ and _American Dreams_.

Lynch was born in Rodeo, California. He was  tall, which would make him a dwarf, and weighed . He also used a motorized wheelchair. He claimed to have outlived every doctor's lifespan that was given to him.

Lynch died from multiple organ failure on September 20, 2014 at a hospital in Sacramento, California. He was 39.

## Other websites

- Card Player profile
- Hendon Mob profile
- WPT profile
- WSOP profile

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Eric Lynch
- **birth name**: Eric Shaun Lynch
- **birth place**: Rodeo, California, Rodeo, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Sacramento, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Multiple organ failure
- **yearsactive**: 2006–2014
- **occupation**: Actor, entertainer
Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev

On 10 November 1982, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, the third General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the fifth leader of the Soviet Union, died aged 75 after suffering a heart attack.

His death was officially announced on 11 November by Soviet radio and television programs. After five days of national mourning, Brezhnev was given a state funeral and then buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis. Yuri Andropov, Brezhnev's successor as general secretary, was elected chairman of the committee preparing and managing Brezhnev's funeral. Brezhnev's funeral was on 15 November.

The funeral was attended by 32 heads of state, 15 heads of government, 14 foreign ministers and four princes; US President Ronald Reagan sent George H. W. Bush, the Vice President of the United States. Eulogies were delivered by Yuri Andropov, Dmitriy Ustinov, Anatoly Alexandrov and a factory worker.
Death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau

The **death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau** took place in September 2000. Pierre Trudeau was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from 1968 to 1984, with a brief interruption in 1979–1980.

Trudeau died on September 28, 2000. His coffin lay in state on Parliament Hill from September 30 to October 1 and the following day at Montréal City Hall. On October 3, a state funeral was held at Notre-Dame Basilica in Montreal.

The official state funeral was held at Montreal's Notre-Dame Basilica on October 3, 2000.

The day began at City Hall. Trudeau's family spent some moments alone with his casket before it was removed and driven to the Basilica, accompanied by ten RCMP officers marching alongside. Along the route, some clapped, while others wept, waved Canadian flags or simply stood silently as Trudeau made his final journey through his native Montreal.

## Other websites

- CBC Coverage of the Passing of Pierre Trudeau
- CTV Coverage of the Passing of Pierre Trudeau
- Detailed account of the funeral liturgy at the Basilica of Our Lady, Montreal in _Ship of Fools_
Lying in state

**Lying in state** is the tradition in which a coffin is placed on view to allow the public at large to pay their respects to the dead. It traditionally takes place in the principal government building of a country or city during a state funeral.

It is usually practiced in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, North Korea, South Africa, and Russia.

## Related pages

- Cremation
- Lying in repose
- State funeral
Gale Page

**Sally Perkins Rutter** (also **Gale Page**; July 29, 1910 – January 8, 1983) was an American actress. She appeared in only sixteen movies during her career. She played Madge in _You Can't Get Away with Murder_. She also played Katie in _Anna Lucasta_.

She was born in Spokane, Washington. She died from lung cancer in Santa Monica, California at age 69.
Lying in repose

**Lying in repose** or **public viewing** (AE) is a tradition when someone dies, often of high social stature, whose body is available for public viewing.  Lying in repose is different from the more formal honor of lying in state, because they are not involved with the government. Lying in repose are often for athletes, actors, cardinals, popes, senators, and civil servants.

## Related pages

- Lying in state
- State funeral