juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gerry and the Pacemakers

**Gerry and The Pacemakers** were an English rock and roll group during the 1960s. Like The Beatles, they came from Liverpool and were also managed by Brian Epstein.

## Early days

Gerry Marsden was born on September 24, 1942, in Liverpool, England. His brother, Freddie, was born on October 23, 1940, in Liverpool. They formed a musical group called "The Mars Bars", with Gerry playing guitar and Freddie the drums. They changed the name to The Pacemakers because the Mars candy company said they would take them to court for using the name.

Les Chadwick (born John Leslie Chadwick) was born on May 11, 1943 in Liverpool. He worked in a bank before joining the band in 1959. He was their lead guitarist, but changed to bass. Les Maguire (born Leslie Maguire) was born on December 27, 1941 in Wallasey, Cheshire. He joined the band in 1960 after the group's piano player, Arthur McMahon, left the group.

## Success

The Pacemakers were the second band to be managed by Brian Epstein, who was also manager of "The Beatles. Brian had heard the band at the "Cavern Club" in Liverpool in 1962. Their first three songs in 1963, "How Do You Do It?", "I Like It" and "You'll Never Walk Alone", all went straight to number one on the charts. "You'll Never Walk Alone", first written by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II for the musical "Carousel", became the favourite song of supporters of the Liverpool Football Club. They even made a very successful full length movie in 1965 called _Ferry Cross The Mersey_. This was based on the song written by Gerry. The song made Liverpool's ferries world famous. Gerry also wrote eight other songs for the film.

The band enjoyed great success between 1963—1966, with such songs as "It's Gonna Be All Right".  This time was called the British Invasion because so many British bands were successful.  "[Our] songs were happy, the music simple and the lyrics nice to listen to," Gerry said. "We didn't try to change the world."

## Break up

The group broke up in 1967, and Gerry went on to work as an actor and performer in musical theater. He reformed The Pacemakers in 1972 with prominent Liverpool musicians Jose McLaughlin, Billy Kinsley and Pete Clarke. Gerry wrote a book about his life, _You'll Never Walk Alone_, which was published in 1993. Original band member, Freddie Marsden, died on December 9, 2006, at 66 years of age.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Gerry and The Pacemakers
- **background**: group_or_band
- **img**: Gerry and the Pacemakers group photo 1964.JPG
- **img capt**: Gerry and the Pacemakers (1964)
- **origin**: Liverpool, England
- **genre**: Beat music, Beat, Rock music, Rock, Pop music, Pop, British Invasion
- **years active**: 1959-1966
- **label**: Columbia (EMI) in the UK; Laurie Records in the US
- **past members**: Gerry Marsden
Freddie Marsden
Arthur Mack
Les Chadwick
Les Maguire
Left Behind (series)

The **Left Behind series** (or just **Left Behind**) is a fictional book series written by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins. The series takes place during, and after the rapture. Besides the best-selling fiction book series, there are also graphic novels, CDs, and a Left Behind: The Kids series.

## The books

Note: The first three books were written later in time, but are a prequel to the series.
1. ***The Rising***: Antichrist is Born: Before They Were Left Behind
1. ***The Regime***: Evil Advances: Before They Were Left Behind
1. ***The Rapture***: In the Twinkling of an Eye: Countdown to Earth's Last Days
1. ***Left Behind***: A Novel of the Earth's Last Days
1. ***Tribulation Force***: The Continuing Drama of Those Left Behind
1. ***Nicolae***: The Rise of Antichrist
1. ***Soul Harvest***: The World Takes Sides
1. ***Apollyon***: The Destroyer Is Unleashed
1. ***Assassins***: Assignment: Jerusalem, Target: Antichrist
1. ***The Indwelling***: The Beast Takes Possession
1. ***The Mark***: The Beast Rules the World
1. ***Desecration***: Antichrist Takes the Throne
1. ***The Remnant***: On the Brink of Armageddon
1. ***Armageddon***: The Cosmic Battle of the Ages
1. ***Glorious Appearing***: The End of Days
1. ***Kingdom Come***: The Final Victory

## Major characters

- **Rayford Steele** - Captain for _Pan-Continental_ in his mid-forties
- **Chloe Steele Williams** - Daughter of Rayford and wife of "Buck"
- **Cameron "Buck" Williams** - Journalist for _Global Weekly_ and the husband of Chloe
- **Bruce Barnes** - Assistant pastor at _New Hope Village Church_
- **Nicolae Jetty Carpathia** - A man from Romania who would become the antichrist

## The movies

Note: The first of the books were made into movies starring Kirk Cameron.
- Left Behind: The Movie
- Left Behind II: Tribulation Force
- Left Behind: World at War

## Other websites

- Official _Left Behind_ website

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Left Behind series
- **image**: Deixados para tras.png
- **author**: Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **genre**: Christian fiction
- **publisher**: Tyndale House Publishers
- **release date**: 31 December, 1995 through 3 April 2007
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover, Paperback; also made into Graphic novel and audiobook)
Master Chief

**Master Chief Petty Officer John-117** is a fictional person.  He is the main protagonist of the _Halo_ video game series. He is also called **Master Chief**, or **Spartan-117**.

Master Chief is a player character in _Halo: Combat Evolved_, _Halo 2_, _Halo 3_, _Halo 4, Halo 5: Guardians and Halo Infinite_.  He also is also featured in several novels and other games in the Halo series.

The character is never seen without his green-colored armor and helmet. He is one of the most recognizable characters from Halo. Several action figures of the character are available.
Arrowhead

An **arrowhead** is point of an arrow, or a shape resembling such a point.

Arrowheads are found all over the United States.  Archaeologically they are usually made of stone: primarily being flint, obsidian, or chert; but in many excavations bone, wooden and metal arrowheads have been found.

In North America,  Arrowheads are sometimes mistakenly attributed to the Historic Period American Indians, but are actually from North America's prehistoric ancestors; some arrowheads date back to over 15,000+ years old (Paleo-Clovis Culture).

In Scandinavia during the Viking age a wide range of arrowheads were used for a variety of tasks.

Arrowheads are attached to arrow shafts and may be "thrown" (similar to a spear thrower), or fired from a bow.

## Related pages

Stone tool

## Other websites

- Texas Arrowheads
- Midwest Arrowheads
- Relic Shack Arrowheads
- Texas Points Arrowheads
Obsidian (disambiguation)

**Obsidian** is a type of volcanic glass.

**Obsidian** may also refer to:

## Places

- Obsidian, Idaho, a town in Custer County, Idaho

### Episodes

- "Obsidian", a television episode of the animated series _Adventure Time: Distant Lands_

### Fictional entities

- Obsidian, a synonym for dragonglass, which kills White Walkers and their soldiers in _Game of Thrones_

### Gaming

- Obsidian Entertainment, a video game developer

## Computing

- Obsidian (software), a note-taking application
Kurud

**Kurud** is a town found in the center of the state of Chhattisgarh in India.
Germanic paganism

**Germanic paganism** was a religion that was a form of paganism. It was practiced in Central and Northern Europe before Christianity came there. The best-known form is now called Norse mythology.

As a polytheistic religion, German paganism had many gods. The main ones seem to have been Odin, Thor and Tyr, which may have been the most important one.

## Modern influence

|Day|Origin|
| --- | --- |
|Monday|Moon's day|
|Tuesday|Tiw's (Tyr's) day|
|Wednesday|Wóden 's (Odin's) day|
|Thursday|Þunor's (Thor's) day|
|Friday|Frigg's day|
|Sunday|Sun's day|

The Germanic gods have affected elements of everyday western life in most countries that speak Germanic languages. An example is the names of the days of the week: some of them come from Germanic deities. In English and Dutch, Saturn was not replaced. Saturday is named after the Sabbath in German and is called "washing day" in Scandinavia.

Many place names in England (such as Woodway House, Wansdyke, Thundersley and Frigedene) are named after the old deities of the English people.

More recently, people have created a modern form of Germanic paganism, called Asatru.
Miguel Ángel Asturias

**Miguel Ángel Asturias Rosales** (October 19, 1899 - June 9, 1974) was a writer and diplomat from Guatemala. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1967 for his _Banana Trilogy_. He also wrote _El Hombre que lo tenía todo todo todo_.

He was very important for literature in his country.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- prizes/literature/laureates/1967/asturias-bio.html Nobel org

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Miguel Angel Asturias
- **image**: MiguelAngelAsturias.JPG
- **birth place**: Guatemala City, Guatemala
- **death place**: Madrid, Spain
- **occupation**: Novelist
- **nationality**: Guatemalan
- **genre**: Surrealism, magic realism, dictator novel
- **notableworks**: _El Señor Presidente_, _Men of Maize_
Hindustan

The term **Hindustan** may relate to various aspects of three geographical areas:
- India
- Indian subcontinent
- A region in northern India, east and south of Yamuna river, between the Vindhya mountains and the Himalayas, where Hindi/Hindustani language is spoken

**Hindustan** can also refer to the following:
- Hindustan Motors, an Indian car manufacturer
- HMS _Hindustan_, one of the eight ships of the King Edward VII class battleships
- "Hindustan" (1918), a popular published song written and composed by Oliver G. Wallace and Harold Weeks
- _Hindustan Times_, a major Northern Indian English language daily newspaper
- HAL Airport (Hindustan Airport), the major airport of Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Hindustan, Indiana, United States, a small town just south of Martinsville, Indiana

## Related pages

- Hindustani language
Open proxy

An **open proxy** is a proxy server which any Internet user can use. Generally, a proxy server allows users within a network group to store and forward Internet services such as DNS or web pages, so that not as much bandwidth is used and it is more controlled. With an "open" proxy, however, any user on the Internet is able to use this forwarding service.

By using some open proxies ("anonymous" open proxies), users can hide their true IP address.  Anonymous open proxies will also make the user more anonymous and secure when browsing the web or using other internet services: a user's true IP address can be used by a hacker to get information from the user's computer.

Sometimes people will abuse open proxies, and so they are often seen as a problem.  Using open proxies can be sometimes dangerous as person providing them can be collecting user information.

## Other websites

- Open Proxy Network
- Service VPN
- List of sites that provide lists of open proxies

es:Proxy#Proxy Abierto
Zombie (computing)

A **zombie computer** (often shortened as **zombie**) is a computer attached to the Internet that has been compromised by a hacker, a computer virus, or a trojan horse.

Generally, a compromised machine is only one of many in a botnet, and the hacker will make the computer do unwanted things from far away. Most owners of zombie computers do not know that their system is being used in this way. Because the owner tends to not know, these computers are compared to zombies.
Rapture

The **Rapture** (meaning "to carry to another place") is a future event in Christian theology where Jesus Christ will return to Earth to bring his followers to Heaven. In Christianity it is believed that following this amazing event, the world will go through what is called _the tribulation_. Then later following, will come the _millennium_ (a thousand years).

## Tribulation

The _tribulation_ (or the _great tribulation_) is supposed theory of a period of time somewhere around the _rapture_, where the Antichrist comes to power and controls the world. It is not entirely agreed among Christians whether the rapture occurs before (Pre-tribulation view), in the middle of (Pre-wrath view), or after the end of (Post-tribulation view) the tribulation, but most Christians seem to hold a Pre-tribulation view. Most Christians agree that the period lasts around seven years.

## Millennium

The _Millennium_ is the period following the _rapture_, and the _tribulation_, that Christians believe they will live in glory on the Earth. They also believe that Jesus Christ will be in total control over earth for _1,000_ years (a millennium).

### Books

In 1950, the novel _Raptured_ by _Ernest Angley_ was published, and in 1995, the first of the Left Behind series was published. These and other books have made the story of the _rapture_ and the _tribulation_ popular.

### Movies

The _Rapture_ story has been retold in many movies. The most well-known production company is Cloud Ten Pictures. Which have created the _Left Behind film series_ (Left Behind: The Movie, Left Behind II: Tribulation Force, and Left Behind: World at War), as well as several other movies. Some other notable end times movies are A Thief in the Night and The Omega Code.

## Other websites

- RaptureReady
- RaptureAlert
- ReligiousTolerance
- NewFoundationsPubl
Zeeland

**Zeeland** (also called **Zealand**) is a province in Netherlands. It is on the south-western part of the country. About 391,000 people are living in Zeeland (2023).

## Geography

Zeeland is a good example of land partly reclaimed from water or marshes. It is a large river delta at the mouth of several major rivers.

Most of the province lies below sea level and was reclaimed from the sea. What was a muddy landscape, flooding at high tide and reappearing at low tide, became a series of small man-made hills that stayed dry. The people of the province connected the hills by making dikes. This made a chain of dry land which grew bigger, and gave the province its present shape.

The North Sea flood of 1953 swamped vast amounts of land. Building the protective Delta Works also changed the face of the province. Dams, tunnels and bridges are a vital part of the province's road system. The final touch to this process came in 2003 when the Western Scheldt Tunnel was opened. It was the first solid connection between both banks of the Western Scheldt and ended the era of water separating the islands and peninsulas of Zeeland.

### Municipalities

Location of the municipalities of Zeeland.

## Other websites

- Zeeland Tourist Board
- GCatholic - Breda diocese

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Zeeland
- **native name**: Zeeland / Zeêland
- **settlement type**: Province
- **image skyline**: Duinen P1390194.jpg
- **image caption**: Duinen van Domburg (municipality of Veere)
- **image flag**: Flag of Zeeland.svg
- **image shield**: Zeeland wapen.svg
- **map caption**: Location
- **image map1**: Prov-Zeeland-OpenTopo.jpg
- **map caption1**: Map
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Netherlands
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: 1815
- **seat**: Middelburg, Netherlands, Middelburg
- **area total km2**: 2933
- **area land km2**: 1780
- **area water km2**: 1154
- **elevation max m**: 52
- **elevation min m**: -2
- **population as of**: 2023
- **population total**: 391000
- **population density km2**: 220
Savior

***Savior*** (or **Saviour**) refers to a someone who has saved another from danger. It can also refer to someone who has helped people achieve Salvation. Many religions have a Savior, though the way they use the idea varies.

## Abrahamic religions

Christianity's savior is Jesus, the Christ.(Gospel of Matthew 1:21) In Judaism, Jesus is not considered a savior. They believe that the Messiah, their own concept of a savior, has not yet come. In Islam, their savior is Mahdi.

## Indian religions

In Hinduism, Shiva, Vishnu, and Devi are referred to as saviors.
Pebibyte

The **pebibyte** (symbol: **PiB**) is a large unit of measurement of information.

1 pebibyte = 2<sup>50</sup> bytes = 1 125 899 906 842 624 bytes = 1024 tebibytes.
It is related to the petabyte which is 10<sup>15</sup> bytes.

1024 pebibytes make one exbibyte.
Exbibyte

The **exbibyte** (symbol: **EiB**) is a large unit of information. The exbibyte is 1024 pebibytes or 1 152 921 504 606 846 976 bytes. The exbibyte is closely related to, but not the same as, the exabyte which is decimal.

1024 exbibytes make 1 zebibyte.
Okrouhlička

**Okrouhlička** is a small village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 199 people live there. It covers 6,84 km². Okrouhlička was first documented in 1307.
Water buffalo

**Water buffaloes** are a kind of bovine. There are **Wild Asian Water Buffaloes** and **domestic buffaloes** or **domestic Asian water buffalo**. They are bred in Asia, South America and in Southern Europe. They were bred from the Wild Asian Water Buffalo, which is now an endangered species.

Today, these buffaloes are used for their milk, which has more fat than that of cows. The milk is processed to make Mozzarella, and curd. Feral populations are sometimes used to manage uncontrolled growth of vegetation around wetlands. They will simply graze it off. This keeps such bodies of water usable by birds and other wildlife.

Females normally give birth to calves every other year. Young bulls  usually stay with herds of mothers, which have about 30 buffalo, for three years after birth. They then go on to form small all-male herds.

Water buffalo have been kept by humans for more than 5,000 years. They have helped humans with their meat, horns, hides, milk, butterfat, and power, plowing and transporting people and crops.

Wild water buffalo are endangered. They live only in a small number of protected areas in countries like India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Thailand.
Lípa (Havlíčkův Brod District)

**Lípa** is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 1024 people live there. It covers 14,7 km². Lípa was first documented in 1351.
Věžnička

**Věžnička** is a village in the Jihlava District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 116 people live there. It covers 4.51 km². Věžnička was first documented in 1502.
Kamenná (Jihlava District)

**Kamenná ** is a village in the Jihlava District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 171 people live there. It covers 6,33 km². Kamenná was first documented in 1308.
Větrný Jeníkov

**Větrný Jeníkov** is a village in the Jihlava District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 582 people live there. It covers 12,22 km². Větrný Jeníkov was first documented in 1226.
Florida State University

**Florida State University** is a school in Tallahassee, in the north part of Florida, U.S.A. It is one of the two most important public universities in Florida, together with the University of Florida. More than 40,000 students go to school there, usually starting after high school (secondary school) at an age of about 18 years. About 9,000 of the students already have a degree (diploma) from college, and are learning even more, to earn an advanced degree.

The University is made up of 16 colleges: Arts and Sciences; Business; Communication; Criminology and Criminal Justice; Education; Engineering; Human Sciences; Information; Law; Medicine; Motion Picture, Television and Recording Arts; Music; Nursing; Social Sciences; Social Work; and Visual Arts, Theatre and Dance.

Florida State University is more than 150 years old. The fees to attend the school (tuition) in 2006 were $3,175 for people from Florida and $16,306 for people from other places, for each term (about 4 months).

Their athletics program, the Seminoles have 17 varsity teams and have claimed 3 national championships (1993, 1999, 2013) in football.

## Other websites

- F.S.U. website
- F.S.U. sports website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Florida State University
- **image**: FSUWestcottBuilding-2.jpg
- **caption**: Wescott Building
- **motto lang**: Latin
- **mottoeng**: Strength, skill, character
- **established**: 1851
- **type**: Public
- **endowment**: $549 million
- **president**: T. K. Wetherell
- **staff**: 5,942
- **students**: 41,575
- **undergrad**: 32,525
- **postgrad**: 9,050
- **city**: Tallahassee, Florida, Tallahassee
- **state**: Florida
- **country**: United States
- **campus**: Urban area, Urban
- **athletics**: NCAA Division I FBS
- **nickname**: Seminoles
- **mascot**: Seminole Tribe, Chief Osceola and Renegade
- **website**: [http://www.fsu.edu/ www.fsu.edu]
Southern Baptist Convention

The **Southern Baptist Convention** **(SBC)** is a United States-based Christian denomination. While most of the churches that make up the SBC are in the USA, some are outside of the USA. The Convention began in the Southern United States, it is now "in name only" that the denomination is Southern and more members are in that region than in other regions. The name _Southern Baptist Convention_ refers both to the denomination and to its annual meeting of members. They split from the northern Baptists in 1845 over the slavery question. At the time, the SBC was against ending slavery. In 1995 the SBC apologized and denounced slavery as evil and sinful. Some Southern Baptists refer to the convention as the Great Commission Baptist Convention, which the denomination also accepts.

The Southern Baptist Convention has many avenues of ministry, including but not limited to compassion ministries such as Disaster Relief and children's homes, seminaries for training and equipping men and women for ministry and theological/philosophical education, the International Mission Board and North American Mission Board equipping and sending missionaries to spread the Gospel and seek the lost and glorify God. The SBC is different from other denominations as it respects and upholds each individual church's right of autonomy. This means the SBC has no jurisdiction, power, or direct influence on how a state convention, local association, or church operates. In fact, the SBC is the only denomination operating with a bottom-to-top leadership and voting style. Each church sends messengers (voters) to the associational meeting (if applicable), state convention, and the meeting of the SBC. One of the goals of this style of operation is to keep everything clear, above reproach, and (above all) biblical.

|Year|Membership|
| --- | --- |
|1845|350,000|
|1860|650,000|
|1875|1,260,000|
|1890|1,240,000|
|1905|1,900,000|
|1920|3,150,000|
|1935|4,480,000|
|1950|7,080,000|
|1965|10,780,000|
|1980|13,700,000|
|1995|15,400,000|
|2000|15,900,000|
|2005|16,600,000|
|2015|15,300,000|
|colspan="2"  align=center|Source|

## Other websites

- Official SBC website

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Southern Baptist Convention
- **motto**: Reaching the world for Christ.
- **formation**: May 8-12, 1845
- **type**: Protestant * Christianity, Christian
- **headquarters**: Augusta, Georgia
- **website**: http://www.sbc.net/
Dilemma (song)

|align="center" bgcolor="khaki" colspan="3"|Dilemma|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="2" valign="top"|15 October 2002|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"||||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|4:49|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"||||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"||||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|Ryan Bowser|||||
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Hot in Herre (2002r.)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Dilemma </small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Air Force Ones (2002r.)</small>|
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Separated (1999r.)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Dilemma </small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Stole (2002r.)</small>|
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>On The Grind (9)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Dilemma (10)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Splurge (11)</small>|
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Stole (1)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Dilemma (2)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Haven't Told You (3)</small>|
**"Dilemma"** is the 2002 hit single by the rapper Nelly. The song featured Kelly Rowland from Destiny's Child. It was  released from the 2002 album _Nellyville_. "Dilemma" was Kelly Rowland's first international solo song away from Destiny's Child. She had previously appeared on Avant's "Separated", which was released in the United States only. It was also the first single from her debut album _Simply Deep_.  It is based melodically on and uses lyrical elements of Patti LaBelle's "Love, Need and Want You" from her 1983 album _I'm In Love Again_. LaBelle also plays a part in the music video, as Kelly Rowland's mother. Kelly Rowland's part in "Dilemma" was originally offered to Christina Aguilera, but Aguilera declined the offer. Two years later, Nelly approached Aguilera once again for the recording of "Tilt Ya Head Back", a critically-acclaimed but less successful track (in terms of the Billboard Hot 100 chart) on Nelly's later album _Sweat_.

The song won Best Melodic Rap Performance at the 45th Annual Grammy Awards.

## Formats and tracklistings

- International Vinyl

_Side A_
1. "Dilemma" (radio edit)
1. "Dilemma" (UK Garage radio edit)

_Side B_
1. "Dilemma" (Jason Nevin's club remix)

- International CD

1. "Dilemma" (radio edit)
1. "Dilemma" (Jason Nevin's remix edit)
1. "King's Highway"
1. "Dilemma" (video)
Bring Me to Life

"**Bring Me to Life**" is the first single from Evanescence's multi-platinum first album _Fallen_. At the 2004 Grammy Awards the song won the award for Best Hard Rock Performance.

## Track listing

The single for "Bring Me to Life" was released shortly before Evanescence's debut album _Fallen_. These are two of the most widely available versions of the single; other, mainly localized, versions have also been released worldwide.

- **CD Single (First pressing; Australia only)** <small>(Released 22 April 2003)</small>
1. "Bring Me to Life" (Album version) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:56
1. "Bring Me to Life" (Bliss mix) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:59
1. "Farther Away" (Album version) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:58
1. "Missing" (Album version) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 4:15

- **CD Single (Subsequent pressings)** <small>(Released 20 May 2003)</small>
1. "Bring Me to Life" (Album version) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:56
1. "Bring Me to Life" (Bliss mix) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:59
1. "Farther Away" (Album version) <small>(Lee, A./Hodges, D./Moody, B.)</small> — 3:58
1. "Bring Me to Life" (Music video) — 4:14

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Bring Me to Life
- **border**: yes
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Evanescence
- **album**: Fallen (Evanescence album), Fallen
- **b-side**: *"Farther Away"
*"Missing"
- **recorded**: 2002
- **studio**: Ocean Productions, Ocean Studios, Burbank, California, U.S.
- **length**: (album version)
- **label**: Wind-up
- **writer**: *Amy Lee
*Ben Moody, Benjamin Moody
*David Hodges
- **producer**: Dave Fortman
- **next title**: Going Under
- **next year**: 2003
Charybdis

**Charybdis** is a sea monster in Ancient Greek mythology. It was said that she was a daughter of Poseidon and that when she breathed in and out, the sea would rise and fall. She was also the sister of Scylla. When angry, she would turn into a whirlpool and suck in anything within half a mile.
Scylla

**Scylla** was a sea monster in Greek mythology. She was said to be the daughter of Poseidon. Scylla was a water-dwelling version of the Hydra and the sister of Charybdis.

Some myths explain Scylla's beginnings. One says she was one of the daughters of Phorcys, the Greek God of the Deep. Another says that Scylla was a very pretty fairy who was liked by Poseidon, but the jealous Amphitrite turned her into a monster by poisoning the water where Scylla would swim.

One says that a jealous Circe poured a potion into the seawater and then made Scylla transform into a monster with four eyes and six long necks with ugly heads. Her body had 12 tentacle looking legs and a tail. She attacked the ships of nearby people.

In another myth, Heracles (also known as Hercules) came across Scylla when traveling and then killed her. The sea-god Phorcys then restored her to life.

She was then turned into a femboy by Odysseus
Going commando

**Going commando** means wearing no underwear.

People have many different reasons for 'going commando.' Some people do it to feel comfortable. Other people do it because their culture (the group they grew up with) does not have underwear. ‘Going commando’ refers to wearing no underwear but still wearing clothes on your bottom half (trousers, etc).

## Benefits

In women, 'going commando' might reduce the risk of developing yeast infection<nowiki/>s associated with warm damp environments. Tight underwear or undies that aren't from cotton can retain moisture in the genital area and makes it susceptible to bacteria. Nonetheless, there's no research on whether 'going commando' reduces yeast infection. In general, loose fitting and cotton undies should be worn.
Smurfette

**Smurfette** is the main protagonist in _The Smurfs_. She is the only female smurf in The Smurf Village. Most of the other smurfs like her because of her beauty. She is not the smartest smurf. Often she gets caught in traps while looking at herself in the mirror. She does not seem to have an attraction for many of the other smurfs.

Later other female smurfs appeared, although it is unclear how they came into being. But a lump of Clay remains of an even larger Smurfette have been found. The Blonde hair, Blue skin and eyes of two girls found in Walt Disney 2020 suggestion an animal that stood 17 meters tall, with a full body height of some 25 meters this giant have been called nicknamed Giant Smurfette. And yet a girl Smurf called Colossal Smurfette seems to have been larger. The remain a living Smurf once more suggested this an animal in excess of 30 meters tall that may have weights as tall as 140 tons. If she’s alive today Colossal Smurfette would be able to look over the top of 19 story building.

**Smurfette** usually wears a white dress, white shoes, a Smurf hat and white panties under her dress (her panties are shown in every Smurf movie for a brief amount of time and a few times in the cartoon series), but in the comic book story "You Don't Smurf Progress", Smurfette is shown wearing her pink lingerie, and people speculate that she also owns a few frilly panties (due to her personality), but it is still unknown if she actually does or not.
Smuggler's Run

***Smuggler's Run*** released in Japan as  is an early video game developed by Angel Studios (now Rockstar San Diego) and published by Rockstar Games for the PlayStation 2 console. In the game you drive multiple vehicles including trophy trucks, SUVs, and cars. The game is rated T for teen and you can hit cops and animals but they will not die.

One sequel to the game was produced: _Smuggler's Run 2_, which was released for the Sony PlayStation 2 on October 30, 2001. The game was later ported to the Nintendo GameCube on August 7, 2002 and renamed _Smuggler's Run: Warzones_.

The original _Smuggler's Run_ is now a part of the Sony Greatest Hits series of games that have reached a particular sales milestone for the Sony PlayStation 2.

## Plot Summary

In the game you are a drug and weapons smuggler battling against rival factions. You must completed objectives such as drop offs, races, and smash-up derbies. This game is been questioned because it is very repetitive.

## Critical reception

Although some reviews criticize the game for being repetitive and frustrating, the overall response was positive. It achieved an average score of 79/100 on review aggregator Metacritic.

## Japanese versions

In Japanese versions, there are no cars, peoples, or animals on the stage.

## Other websites

- Official _Smuggler's Run_ web site

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Smuggler's Run
- **developer**: Rockstar San Diego, Angel Studios <small>(PS2)</small>
Rebellion Developments, Rebellion <small>(GBA)</small>
- **publisher**: Rockstar Games
Destination Software (GBA)
- **designer**: Wing S. Cho <small>(PS2)</small>
- **engine**: Angel Game Engine
- **series**: _Smuggler's Run_
- **released**: **PlayStation 2**
**Game Boy Advance**

- **genre**: Racing video game, Racing
- **modes**: Single-player, 2 person Multiplayer
- **platforms**: Game Boy Advance, PlayStation 2
My Gym Partner's A Monkey

***My Gym Partner's a Monkey*** is a show on Cartoon Network. It is about a human boy named Adam Lyon who used to go to a normal human school but the principal says he is an animal because he spelled "Lyon" with an _i_. He then goes to Charles Darwin Middle School (named after the scientist Charles Darwin) and he makes friends with the animals at the school.

## Characters

- **Adam Lyon** is the only human student at Charles Darwin Middle School. He is 12 years old.
- **Jake Spidermonkey** is a monkey that Adam met during gym class, and Adam's closest friend at school. He wears a red T-shirt and a blue baseball cap.
- **Ingrid Giraffe** is the tallest student at Charles Darwin Middle School. She has a "crush" on Adam, which Ingrid tries to keep a secret. Her voice actress is Grey DeLisle.
- **Lupe Toucan** is Ingrid's best friend. She talks with a Mexican accent. Like Ingrid, her voice actress is Grey DeLisle.
- **Slips Python** is an easy-going snake who believes almost anything. He somehow wears a shirt, even though he has no arms.
- **Virgil "Bull" Sharkowski** is the school bully. This shark wears braces on his teeth, and water-filled headphones to help him breathe on land.
- **Principal Pixiefrog** is the principal of Charles Darwin Middle School. He is a short frog.
- **Coach Gills** is the gym teacher at CDMS. She talks with a manly voice.
- **Ms. Chameleon** is the drama teacher.
- **Windsor Gorilla** is one of the smarter students at Charles Darwin. He and Slips are close friends.

## Infobox (television)

- **creator**: Julie McNally Cahill
Tim Cahill (producer), Timothy Cahill
- **theme music composer**: Tom Sheppard
Pat Irwin
- **opentheme**: "My Gym Partner's a Monkey" by Nika Futterman and Tom Kenny
- **composer**: Tom Sheppard
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **executive producer**: Julie McNally-Cahill
Timothy Cahill
- **num seasons**: 4
- **num episodes**: 56 (102 segments)
- **list episodes**: List of My Gym Partner's a Monkey episodes
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
11 minutes for normal segments
22 minutes for special segments
44 minutes for TV movies
Systems science

**Systems science** is the interdisciplinary field of science, that studies the principles of systems in nature, in society and in science itself.

Types of systems science are systems theory, cybernetics and chaos theory, and all kinds of similar sciences.

The aim of systems science is to develop interdisciplinary foundations for all science. This foundation is used in a variety of areas, such as engineering, biology, medicine and social sciences.

## Related pages

- Chaos theory
- Complex systems
- Complexity
- Control theory
- Cybernetics
- Systems engineering
- Systems theory
Systems theory

**Systems theory** is the study of the nature of systems in nature, society, and science.  More specifically, systems theory is a framework to analyze or describe any group of things which work together to produce some result. This can be a single organism, any organization or society, or any electronic, mechanical or informational artifact.

Systems theory as a technical and general academic area of study. It was founded by Ludwig von Bertalanffy and others in the 1950s.

## Related pages

- Autopoiesis
- Chaos theory
- Fritjof Capra
Emotion (song)

|align="center" bgcolor="khaki" colspan="3"|Emotion|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="center" colspan="3"||||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|13 November 2001 <small>(Europe)</small> 20 November 2001 <small>(U.S.)</small> 4 December 2001 <small>(Australia)</small>|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|Pop|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|3:55|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|Columbia Records|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb|||||
|colspan="2" valign="top"|Beyoncé Knowles, Mark Feist|||||
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Bootylicious (2001r.)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Emotion </small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Nasty Girl (2001r.)</small>|
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Happy Face (9)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Emotion (10)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Dangerously in Love (11)</small>|
|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Say My Name (8)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Emotion (9)</small>|align="center" valign="top"|<small>Bug A Boo (10)</small>|
"Emotion" was remade by R&B group Destiny's Child in 2001, it was produced and arranged by Mark J. Feist. The song is a remake of Emotions by the Bee Gees and Samantha Sang.
McDonaldland

**McDonaldland** is a fictional universe made by McDonald's. The first character Ronald McDonald was made in 1963, and they created McDonaldland as a place for him and his friends to live. Ronald's usual friends are Grimace, The Hamburgler, and Birdie the Early Bird. Other people in McDonaldland include Mayor McCheese, Officer Big Mac, the McNugget Buddies, and the Happy Meal Gang.

In the 1970s and 1980s McDonald's had to change Mayor McCheese and Officer Big Mac, because they were too similar to another fictional world called _H.R. Pufnstuf_. People thought that McDonaldland got cancelled, but McDonald's was just trying to fix it by bringing in creative people from studios like SEGA and Klasky Csupo. The McDonaldland characters have slowly returned, and were even featured as Funko Pop figures in 2019 and 2021.
Atlético Madrid

**Club Atlético de Madrid** is a Spanish football team from Madrid, the capital city of Spain, that play in La Liga. They are managed by Diego Simeone and they play their home games at the Wanda Metropolitano. They have had famous players like Álvaro Morata, Antoine Griezmann, Kieran Trippier, Jan Oblak, and Renan Lodi.

In the number of titles, Atlético Madrid is the third most successful club in Spanish football, behind Real Madrid and Barcelona.

## Madrid Derby

Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid are city rivals, because both are from Madrid. They compete each year in what is called the _Madrid Derby_. Until recently, Atlético Madrid had struggled in the derby, carrying a 14-year winless streak into the 2012–13 season. This ended on 17 May 2013 after Atlético beat their city rivals Real Madrid 2–1 at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in the final of the 2012-13 Copa del Rey.

## Name

- 1903-1939 **Athletic Club de Madrid**
- 1939-1941 **Athletic Aviación**
- 1941-1946 **Atlético Aviación**
- 1946-present **Club Atlético de Madrid**

## Titles

- La Liga : 10
    - 1939/40, 1940/41, 1949/50, 1950/51, 1965/66, 1969/70, 1972/73, 1976/77, 1995/96, 2013/14, 2020/2021
- Copa del Rey (Kings Cup) : 10
    - 1959–60, 1960–61, 1964–65, 1971–72, 1975–76, 1984–85, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1995–96, 2012–13
- Supercopa de España (Spanish Super Cup) : 2
    - 1985, 2014
- Intercontinental Cup : 1
- UEFA Cup Winners Cup : 1
    - 1961–62
- UEFA Europa League : 2
    - 2009–10, 2011–12
- UEFA Super Cup : 1
    - 2010, 2012
- Intercontinental Cup: 1
    - 1974

## League position

|Season|League|Position|
| --- | --- | --- |
|2000/01|Segunda División|4th|
|2001/02|Segunda División|1st|
|2002/03|La Liga|11th|
|2003/04|La Liga|7th|
|2004/05|La Liga|11th|
|2005/06|La Liga|10th|
|2006/07|La Liga|7th|
|2007/08|La Liga|4th|
|2008/09|La Liga|4th|

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Atlético Madrid
- **fullname**: Club Atlético de Madrid
- **founded**: 1903
- **ground**: Wanda Metropolitano
- **capacity**: 70,460
- **chairman**: Enrique Cerezo
- **manager**: Diego Simeone
- **captain**: Gabriel Fernández
- **league**: La Liga
- **season**: 2024/25
- **position**: 3rd of 20
- **website**: https://www.atleticodemadrid.com/
- **pattern la1**: _atlmadrid2425h
- **pattern b1**: _atlmadrid2425h
- **pattern ra1**: _atlmadrid2425h
- **pattern sh1**: _atlmadrid2425h
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: 0000E8
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _atlmadrid2425a
- **pattern b2**: _atlmadrid2425a
- **pattern ra2**: _atlmadrid2425a
- **pattern sh2**: _atlmadrid2425a
- **leftarm2**: C1D3E1
- **body2**: C1D3E1
- **rightarm2**: C1D3E1
- **shorts2**: C1D3E1
- **socks2**: C1D3E1
- **pattern la3**: _atletico2425t
- **pattern b3**: _atletico2425t
- **pattern ra3**: _atletico2425t
- **pattern sh3**: _atletico2425t
- **leftarm3**: 0D1C45
- **body3**: 0D1C45
- **rightarm3**: 0D1C45
- **shorts3**: 0D1C45
- **socks3**: 0D1C45
Buttocks

The **buttocks** are two round parts of the lower body. They are on the back of the pelvic area and give padding when people sit. Buttocks are formed mainly from two large muscles on each side. These are the _gluteus maximus_ and the _gluteus medius_. They go from the hip to the top of the leg, so they are not there just for decoration. The role of the buttocks in sitting and in sexual arousal are secondary functions in our species. In some African populations, the buttocks look bigger because of extra fat. This condition is known as steatopygia. It is an inherited condition first noticed in the Khoisan (San people) of southern Africa and the pygmies of central Africa. Now it has been recognised in the people of the Andaman islands in the Indian Ocean.

Slang words for the butt include booty, buttocks, bum, butt-cheeks,
Toyota Camry

The **Toyota Camry** (; Japanese: トヨタ・カムリ) is a car made by Toyota since 1980. The name "Camry" comes from the Japanese word _kanmuri_ (冠, かんむり), which means "crown".

Hybric vehicles are being made (as of 2025).

## Sales

The Camry is Toyota's best-selling car in the United States and is in the Top 5 best selling cars in the US.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Toyota Camry
- **image**: 2025 Toyota Camry Hybrid SE Upgrade AWD in Midnight Black Metallic, front right, 2024-11-06.jpg
- **caption**: 2025 Toyota Camry SE
- **manufacturer**: Toyota
- **production**: 1982–present
- **layout**: Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive
Kingdom of Kush

**Kush** civilization had its center in the region of Nubia. This was in northern Sudan of today. We know about it through the Egyptians who moved south around 2500 BC. When the Middle Kingdom of Egypt ended, an independent kingdom of Kush developed. About 1500 BC Egyptians moved southwards again, but this time met organized resistance. Historians are not sure whether this resistance came from many city states or a single unified empire. The Egyptians won, and the region became a colony of Egypt under the control of Thutmose I. The region supplied Egypt with resources.

In the eleventh century BC internal disputes in Egypt caused colonial rule to collapse and an independent kingdom arose based at Napata in Nubia. This kingdom was ruled by locals who overthrew the colonial regime. But Kush had many beliefs and gods in common with Egypt.

## In the Bible

The name given to this civilization comes from the Old Testament where Cush (Hebrew: כוש) was one of the sons of Ham (Son of Noah) who settled in Northeast Africa. The Bible refers to Cush on a number of occasions. Moses wife, Tzipporah, is described as a Kushite in the book of Numbers.

## Related pages

- Meroe

## References

- Jean Leclant. "The empire of Kush: Napata and Meroe"  _UNESCO General History of Africa_
- A. Hakem with I. Hrbek and J. Vercoutter. "The civilization of Napata and Meroe" _UNESCO General History of Africa_
- P.L. Shinnie. "The Nilotic Sudan and Ethiopia c. 660 BC to c. AD 600" _Cambridge History of Africa - Volume 2_ Cambridge University Press, 1978.

## Other websites

- Ancient Gold Center Discovered on the Nile
- On Kush
- Voyage au pays des pharaons noirs Travel in Sudan : pictures and notes on the nubian history
- Scholars Race to Recover a Lost Kingdom on the Nile from the _New York Times_.

## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**: <hiero>k-G1-S:N25</hiero>

_Kuluš_
 _Nubia, Kush_
- **conventional long name**: Kingdom of Kush
- **common name**: Kush
- **government type**: Monarchy
- **year start**: 1070 BC
- **year end**: AD 350
- **event1**: Capital moved to Napata
- **date event1**: 780 BC
- **event2**: Capital moved to Meroe
- **date event2**: 591 BC
- **p1**: New Kingdom of Egypt
- **s1**: Nobatia
- **s2**: Makuria
- **s3**: Aksumite Empire
- **image map**: Africa in 400 BC.jpg
- **capital**: Kerma; Napata; later Meroe
- **common languages**: Meroitic language, Meroitic, Old Nubian language, Nubian
- **religion**: Nubian religion
Ancient Egyptian religion
- **year leader1**: c. 1070
- **year leader2**: 340–355
- **title leader**: List of monarchs of Kush, King
- **stat year1**: Egyptian phase
- **stat pop1**: 100000
- **stat year2**: Meroite phase
- **stat pop2**: 1,150,000
- **today**:
Cybernetics

**Cybernetics** is the study of control and communication in the animal and the machine. Norbert Wiener added: "Information is information, not matter or energy".<sup>155</sup>

Ross Ashby defined it as: "the art of steermanship... co-ordination, regulation and control will be its
themes, for these are of the greatest biological and practical interest... it treats, not things but ways of
behaving. It does not ask “what is this thing?” but “what does it
do?” Ashby continued:
- "Cybernetics stands to the real machine—electronic, mechanical, neural, or economic—much as geometry stands to a real object in our terrestrial space".

Louis Couffignal said cybernetics was "the art of ensuring the efficacy of action".

Cybernetics was from the first an inter-disciplinary field of study. It included people from at least a dozen academic disciplines. There were two events which sparked it off after World War II. The first was that scientists from different backgrounds had, during the war, worked together on various military projects. They learned a good deal about how to cooperate with their various partners. The second event was the invention of computers during the war.

The countries which started cybernetics were Britain and the United States, but the idea spread quickly to France, Russia and other countries. Another, more famous, example of 'interdisciplinary studies' was molecular and cell biology.

## The building block

Imagine a simple system such as a central heating system.

A goal-directed or control system has these four parts:
1. Sensor (S): test the system's environment.
1. Goal (G): the specification of the desired state of the system.
1. Error Detection (E): a method for finding the difference between the present state and the goal state.
1. Effector (E'): operations the system can make to get the environment closer to the goal.

The device which does this is called a thermostat.

## Later years

Cybernetics started rapidly, and some of the greatest thinkers of the post-war era were interested in it. When this generation died, and some of the hopes for artificial intelligence and robotics were slow to produce results, cybernetics fell somewhat out of favour.

## Related pages

- Feedback
- Homeostasis
- Self-organisation
- General systems theory
- Technological singularity
Complexity

**Complexity** is a property of an object with many parts and a complicated arrangement. It is also the state of being complex. Its opposite is simplicity.

## Related pages

- Physics
- Linguistics
- Complex system
- Computer science