juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Chris Andersen

**Christopher Claus Andersen** (born July 7, 1978) is an American former basketball player. Andersen was born in Long Beach, California, grew up in Iola, Texas, and played one year at Blinn College. He was nicknamed "**Birdman**" by Junior Harrington, another former NBA player, for having wing tattoos on his inner biceps. He received a two-year ban from the NBA in 2006 for violating the league's drug policy, but was reinstated on March 4, 2008. During his 17-year, career, he played for the Denver Nuggets, New Orleans Hornets, Miami Heat, Memphis Grizzlies, and Cleveland Cavaliers and won a championship with the Heat in 2013. He also played for the Chinese Basketball Association. He now plays in the Big3 League.

## Infobox (basketball biography)

- **name**: Chris Andersen
- **image**: Chris "Birdman" Andersen 2009.jpg
- **caption**: Andersen with the Denver Nuggets, Nuggets in July 2009
- **position**: Center (basketball), Center / Power forward (basketball), Power forward
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 245
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **birth place**: Long Beach, California, Long Beach, California, United States
- **high school**: Iola High School (Texas), Iola (Iola, Kansas, Iola, Texas)
- **college**: Blinn College, Blinn (1997–1999)
- **draft year**: 1999
- **career start**: 1999
- **career end**: 2017
- **career number**: 15, 11, 1, 12, 7, 00
- **years1**: 1999–2000
- **team1**: Jiangsu Dragons, Jiangsu Nangang
- **years2**: 2000
- **team2**: New Mexico Slam
- **years3**: 2000–2001
- **team3**: Fargo-Moorhead Beez
- **years4**: 2001
- **team4**: Sugarland Sharks
- **years5**: 2001
- **team5**: Fayetteville Patriots
- **years6**: –
- **team6**: Denver Nuggets
- **years7**: –,
- **team7**: New Orleans Pelicans, New Orleans Hornets
- **years8**: –
- **team8**: Denver Nuggets
- **years9**: –
- **team9**: Miami Heat
- **team10**: Memphis Grizzlies
- **team11**: Cleveland Cavaliers
- **highlights**: * List of NBA champions, NBA champion (2013 NBA Finals, 2013)
* Big3, BIG3 champion (2018 Big3 season, 2018)
* BIG3 Defensive Player of the Year (2018)
- **bbr**: anderch01
- **profile**: chris_andersen
Asclepias cordifolia

***Asclepias cordifolia*** (also known as the **heart-leaf milkweed** or **purple milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant. It is not the same as _Asclepias purpurascens_, which is also known as purple milkweed.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to western North America.  Heart-leaf Milkweed is found in woodlands, rocky slopes, and lava flows.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias cordifolia_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias cordifolia_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
- _Asclepias cordifolia_ at Plantaxa
Purple milkweed

**Purple milkweed** is a common name of two plants in the genus _Asclepias_:

- _Asclepias cordifolia_, found in western North America and usually called _Heart-leaf Milkweed_
- _Asclepias purpurascens_, found in eastern North America
Asclepias curassavica

***Asclepias curassavica*** (also known as the **scarlet milkweed**, **Mexican butterfly weed**, or **bloodflower**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It  comes from Central America and South America.  It grows many places in the world.  It gets flowers from spring to fall.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias curassavica_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias curassavica_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
- _Asclepias curassavica_ at FLORIDATA
Asclepias curtissii

***Asclepias curtissii*** (also known as **Curtiss's milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to Florida.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias curtissii_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Assassination of Julius Caesar

The **assassination (murder) of Julius Caesar** was the result of a conspiracy by forty Roman senators, the self-styled _Liberatores_. They were led by Cassius and Brutus.

## Attack and death

The senators stabbed Caesar to death in the _Theatre of Pompey_ on the Ides of March, 15 March 44 BC. Caesar was the dictator of the Roman Republic at the time. He had been declared _dictator perpetuo_ (dictator for life) by the Senate. This declaration resulted in many senators fearing that Caesar wanted to overthrow the Senate in favour of a tyranny.

The assassination led to civil war. The Second Triumvirate led to the ascendancy of Caesar's adopted heir Octavian to the position of emperor, and the end of the Republic leading to the Roman Empire. In the end, by murdering Caesar, the Liberators caused the end of the Republic they supported.

## List of conspirators

The known members of the plot were:
- Gaius Cassius Longinus
- Marcus Junius Brutus
- Servius Sulpicius Galba
- Quintus Ligarius
- Lucius Minucius Basilus
- Servilius Casca
- Gaius Servilius Casca (Servilius Casca's brother)
- Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus
- Tillius Cimber
- Caius Trebonius
- Caecilius
- Bucolianus (Caecilius' brother)
- Rubrius Ruga
- Marcus Spurius
- Sextius Naso
- Minucius Basilus
- Pontius Aquila

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: Assassination of Julius Caesar
- **image**:
- **image size**: 250px
- **image upright**: 1.16
- **caption**: _The Death of Julius Caesar (Camuccini), The Death of Julius Caesar_ by Vincenzo Camuccini, 1806
Asclepias eriocarpa

***Asclepias eriocarpa*** (also known as the **woollypod milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It is also known as **Indian Milkweed** and **Kotolo**.  It is in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to the western United States.  This species is found in dry, barren habitats.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias eriocarpa_ at USDA PLANT Database
- _Asclepias eriocarpa_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
Asclepias erosa

***Asclepias erosa*** (also known as the **desert milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to the southwestern United States.  It blooms from May to July.  This species is found in dry slopes.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias erosa_ at USDA PLANT Database
- _Asclepias erosa_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
Asclepias exaltata

***Asclepias exaltata*** (also known as the **poke milkweed** or **tall milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant. It is in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.

The plant is found in eastern North America. It blooms from late spring to early summer. The flowers are green and white. Poke milkweed is found in moist woodland habitats. It grows well in moist soil and sunny or partly shaded places. It grows from 0.6 to 1.5 meters tall (2–5 feet).

## Other websites

- _Asclepias exaltata_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias fascicularis

***Asclepias fascicularis*** (also known as the **narrow-leaf milkweed** or **Mexican whorled milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to the western United States.  It blooms from June to September.  This species is found in dry areas and valleys.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias fascicularis_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias fascicularis_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
Asclepias humistrata

***Asclepias humistrata*** (also known as the **sandhill milkweed** or **pinewoods milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to the southeastern United States. It blooms in early summer. The flowers are pink. It is found in sandy woodlands and sandy hills. Sandhill Milkweed grows well dry soil and sunny places. It grows from 0.3 to 0.9 meters tall (1–3 feet).

## Other websites

- _Asclepias humistrata_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias incarnata

***Asclepias incarnata*** is a species of milkweed plant.  It is also known as the **swamp milkweed**, the **rose milkweed**, the **pink milkweed**, the **swamp milkweed**, and **white Indian hemp**.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to North America.  It blooms from June to August.  The flowers are pink. Swamp milkweed is found in wet meadows, prairies, swamps, and marshes.  It likes moist soil and sunny or partly shaded places.  It grows to a height of .

## Other websites

- _Asclepias incarnata_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias incarnata_ at Evergreen Native Plant Database
Brand New Eyes

***Brand New Eyes*** (written _brand new eyes_) is an album by the band Paramore. It was put out on September 29, 2009 in the United States and Canada. It has reached the top of the music charts in many countries, meaning many people bought the album.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Brand New Eyes
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Paramore
- **recorded**: January–March 2009
- **studio**: Lightning Sound Studios, Hidden Hills, California
- **length**: 40:18
- **label**: Fueled by Ramen
- **prev title**: The Final Riot!
- **prev year**: 2008
- **next title**: 2010 Summer Tour EP
- **next year**: 2010
Asclepias nivea

***Asclepias nivea*** (also known as the **Caribbean milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias nivea_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias physocarpa

***Asclepias physocarpa*** (also known as the **swan plant**, **balloonplant**, or **balloon cotton-bush**) is a species of milkweed plant. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It has been naturalized in Hawai'i and has also been naturalized in other parts of the world.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias physocarpa_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias purpurascens

***Asclepias purpurascens*** (also known as the **purple milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant.  The species _Asclepias cordifolia_ is also sometimes called purple milkweed.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to North America.  It blooms from June to July.  The flowers are a pink-purple color.  This species is found in savannas, prairies, and meadows.  Purple Milkweed likes to grow in clay or sandy soil and in sunny or partly shaded places.  It grows to a height of 0.6 to 1.2 meters (2–4 feet).

## Other websites

- _Asclepias purpurascens_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias purpurascens_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias speciosa

***Asclepias speciosa*** (also known as the **showy milkweed** or **Greek milkweed**) is a species of **milkweed** plant. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to western North America.  It blooms from May to July.  This species is found in savannas, prairies, meadows, and fields.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias speciosa_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias speciosa_ at Treatment from the Jepson Manual
- _Asclepias speciosa_ at Evergreen Native Plant Database
Asclepias subverticillata

***Asclepias subverticillata*** (also known as the **horsetail milkweed** or **whorled milkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to the western United States.

## Other websites

- _Asclepias subverticillata_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Seizure response dog

A **seizure response dog** is a dog who is specially trained to help its owner during a seizure.  These dogs' jobs may include:
- Getting help, by finding a human, hitting an alarm, or using a pre-programmed phone to call 911
- Protecting their owner from getting hurt, either by pulling unsafe things away, or by blocking people who try to walk into obstacles and onto streets
- Bracing the person having the seizure so they don't fall or hurt themselves, or turning the person on their side
- Waking the unconscious owner during or after a seizure
Certain kinds of dogs are able to predict that a person is about to have an epileptic seizure.  This gives the person time to get to a safe place before the seizure starts.  Usually, people say that dogs develop this behavior spontaneously (on their own), or over some time. There have been some studies where dogs were trained to alert to seizures when they were given rewards for correctly predicting seizures - but these studies were only partly successful.

Some untrained dogs may help their owners during a seizure, but there are also reports of dogs that have reacted aggressively or even died as a result of witnessing or anticipating their owner's seizure.
Asclepias syriaca

***Asclepias syriaca*** (also known as the **common milkweed**, **butterfly flower**, **silkweed**, **silky swallow-wort**, and **Virginia silkweed**) is a species of milkweed plant. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to North America.  It blooms from June to August.  The flowers are green and purple.  This species is found in prairies, meadows, and fields.  Common Milkweed likes damp to dry soil and sunny or partly shaded places.  It is about 0.5 to 1.5 meters in height (1½-5 feet).

## Other websites

- _Asclepias syriaca_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Asclepias syriaca_ at Evergreen Native Plant Database
Butterfly flower

**Butterfly flower** is a common name for different plants:

- _Asclepias syriaca_, found across North America
- _Schizanthus_, a plant genus
Silky Swallow-wort

**Silky Swallow-wort** is a common name of two plants in the genus _Asclepias_:

- _Asclepias syriaca_
- _Asclepias tuberosa_
Guitar chord

A **guitar chord** is made up of two or more notes, played on a guitar at one time. Chord voicings, that is the choice of individual notes in the chord, can be changed for many different purposes and playing styles.

The guitar is very capable and useful for playing chords; but it does have some differences with other instruments. Most guitars only have six strings. This means that for the very largest of chord-voicings it is often necessary to not use one or more tones from the chord. The layout of notes on the fretboard sometimes means that the notes in a chord are not played in tonal order, or make possible a chord that is composed of more than one note of the same pitch. Many chords can be played with the same notes in more than one place on the fretboard.

Guitars can vary both in the number of strings they have. They can also be tuned differently. Most guitars used in popular music have six-strings and are tuned: E-A-D-G-B-e. Usually the string with the highest pitch (the thinnest) is called the first string, and the string having the lowest pitch (the thickest) is called the sixth.
Asclepias tuberosa

***Asclepias tuberosa*** (also known as the **butterfly flower**) is a species of milkweed plant.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to North America.  It blooms from June to September.  The flowers are orange, red-orange, or yellow.  This species is found in prairies, meadows, and fields.  It likes well-drained soil and sunny or partly shaded places.  Butterfly Weed grows from 0.3 to 0.9 meters tall (1–3 feet).

It has many other names, including the butterfly weed, the Canada root, the chigger flower (or chiggerflower), the fluxroot, the Indian paintbrush, the Indian posy, the orange milkweed, the orange swallow-wort, the Pleurisy Root, the silky swallow-wort, the tuber root, the yellow milkweed, the white-root, and the windroot.

## Common names

Butterfly Weed has many common names.  Here is a list of them:
<div float="left">

- Canada Root
- Chigger Flower
- Chiggerflower
- Fluxroot
- Indian Paintbrush
- Indian Posy
- Orange Milkweed

- Orange Swallow-wort
- Pleurisy Root
- Silky Swallow-wort
- Tuber Root
- Yellow Milkweed
- White-root
- Windroot

</div>

## Other websites

- _Asclepias tuberosa_ at USDA PLANT Database
- _Asclepias tuberosa_ at Evergreen Native Plant Database
Indian Paintbrush

**Indian Paintbrush** is a common name for different plants:

- _Asclepias tuberosa_, found across North America
- _Castilleja_, a plant genus
- Cichorieae, a plant tribe
Intel Core i7

**Intel Core i7** is a name that the company Intel uses for the computer processors it makes for high-end desktop and laptop computers and tablets. Intel uses this name for the fastest processors that they think will be used to build the most powerful consumer devices. The 'Core' part of the name, which refers to the processor's core, has been used by Intel since 2006, but the first Core i7 processor was released 3 years later in 2009.

There are different types of Core i7 processor. The name does not name a type. Instead, it is the name for all of the fast processors that Intel thinks should be sold to consumers. Intel uses two other "Core i-" names for its processors for consumers: "Core i5" and "Core i3." The "Core i5" processors are mostly as fast as i7 processors, but lack the Hyper Threading technology which allows each core to be used twice simultaneously giving the impression of doubling the cores.

Intel uses a different name, Xeon, for processors that Intel makes for "server" computers for businesses (and some rare laptops). Some of the "Core i7" processors are almost the same as some of the "Xeon" processors, but each of the Xeon processors is a little bit different than the "Core i7" processor, because a "server" computer is not the same as a consumer computer. Intel also makes other "Xeon" processors that are not the same as any "Core i7" processor. Unlike the **Core i7**, Xeon processors support ECC (error correcting) memory, and multiple CPUs on the same motherboard. However, Alder Lake processors have officially supported ECC memory if used with a W680 motherboard and ECC memory.

## Infobox (cpu)

- **name**: Core i7
- **image**: Intel core i7 940 top R7309478 wp.jpg
- **image size**: 175px
- **produced-start**: From 2008
- **slowest**: 1.3
- **slow-unit**: GHz
- **fastest**: 4.2
- **fast-unit**: GHz
- **qpi-slowest**: 4.8
- **qpi-slow-unit**: GT/s
- **qpi-fastest**: 8
- **qpi-fast-unit**: GT/s
- **manuf1**: Intel
- **core1**: Bloomfield
Lynnfield (microprocessor), Lynnfield
Clarksfield (microprocessor), Clarksfield
Clarksfield XM
- **size-from**: 45 nm, 32 nm, 22 nm, 14 nm, 10 nm, and
Intel 7
- **arch**: x86, x86-64, MMX (instruction set), MMX, Streaming SIMD Extensions, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2
- **microarch**: Nehalem
 Sandy Bridge
 Sandy Bridge-E
 Ivy Bridge
 Ivy Bridge-E
 Haswell
 Haswell-E
 Broadwell
 Skylake
Comet Lake
 Rocket Lake
 Alder Lake
 Raptor Lake
- **sock1**: LGA 1366
LGA 1156
mPGA-989
LGA 2011
LGA 1155
rPGA-988B
BGA 1023
LGA 1150
BGA 1364
BGA 1168
Socket G3
LGA 2011-3
LGA 1151
BGA 1356
BGA 1515
BGA 1440
LGA 1200
LGA 1700
- **numcores**: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 , or 16
Asclepias verticillata

***Asclepias verticillata*** (**Whorled Milkweed** or **Horsetail Milkweed**) is a particular kind of milkweed used as a medicinal plant. It is native to North America. It blooms in the summer. The flowers are white or pale green. It is found in fields, open woodlands, and prairies. Whorled Milkweed likes dry soil and sunny or partly shaded places. It grows from 0.3 to 0.9 meters tall (1–3 feet).
Sacred dance

**Sacred dance** is a kind of dance that encompasses all movements that are religious in nature.  An example of a sacred dance is the dance done by a whirling dervish.
Population genetics

**Population genetics** is the branch of genetics which studies the genetic composition of populations. It brings together genetics, evolution, natural selection, breeding, statistics and mathematics. Mathematical and computer models are produced, and field research is done to test the models.

- "Population geneticists spend most of their time doing one of two things: describing the genetic structure of populations, or theorizing on the evolutionary forces acting on populations.

## A brief history

Starting, perhaps, with G. Udny Yule's paper in 1902, population theorists tackled key issues in genetics and evolution. G.H. Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg showed that if a population had random mating, no selection, migration or mutation, then the proportion of alleles would remain the same generation after generation. This was the Hardy–Weinberg law, the first great result of this new field of research.

Population genetics made great progress from 1918 to 1937. During this period, Ronald Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane and Sewall Wright worked on the connection between evolution and genetics, using new mathematical techniques, such as statistical probability. E.B. Ford and Theodosius Dobzhansky did field research on the genetics of natural populations of lepidoptera and _Drosophila_, respectively. Broadly speaking, this work proved that the newly rediscovered Mendelian genetics could be reconciled with Darwinian evolution. This laid the groundwork for the modern evolutionary synthesis, which took place in the following years, from about 1937 to 1953.

In the second half of the 20th century, population geneticists tackled a range of complex evolutionary problems, such as the evolution of sex, sexual selection, kin selection (altruism), mimicry and molecular evolution. The key figures included John Maynard Smith, Motoo Kimura and William Hamilton. Techniques developed for population genetics help to decide what contribution heredity and environment make in developmental biology.

## Genetic hitch-hiking and selective sweep

These concepts apply when a mutation is strongly favoured and "pulls along" nearby genes on its chromosome. The genes pulled along are genes which are previously under little selection. In a selective sweep, positive selection causes the new mutation to reach _fixation_ (be the only allele present at that locus in all members of the population) so quickly that linked alleles can "hitchhike" and also become fixed. Evidence is growing that this effect does happen.
Calotropis gigantea

**Crown flower** (_Calotropis gigantea_) is a species of plant.  It is also known as **Giant Milkweed**.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadodeae.  It is native to southeast Asia.  It has been naturalized in Hawai'i.

## Other websites

- _Calotropis gigantea_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Calotropis gigantea_ at Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
- _Calotropis gigantea_ at Purdue University: New Crop Resource Online Program
Calotropis procera

**Apple of Sodom** (_Calotropis procera_) is a species of plant.  It is also known as **Roostertree**.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.

It is native to North Africa, Central Africa, Western Asia, South Asia, and Indochina. It has been naturalized in Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Hawai'i, and southern California.

## Other websites

- _Calotropis procera_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Cynanchum laeve

**Sand Vine** (_Cynanchum laeve_) is a species of plant.  It is also known as **Honeyvine**, **Honeyvine Milkweed**, **Bluevine Milkweed**, **Climbing Milkweed**, and **Smooth Swallow-wort**.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to North America.  It blooms from June to August.  This species is found in a variety of habitats such as edges of woodlands, near stream edges, gardens, and fields.  This vine can grow to be 6 or more feet long.

## Other websites

- _Cynanchum laeve_ at USDA PLANTS Database
- _Cynanchum laeve_ at Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses
Hardy–Weinberg law

The **Hardy–Weinberg law** was developed independently by an English mathematician, G.H. Hardy, and a German doctor, Wilhelm Weinberg. This concept is also known as the _Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium_, _Hardy–Weinberg theorem_ or _Hardy–Weinberg principle_. Sometimes Weinberg's name is placed first.

The law is a foundation of population genetics, and it is still taught to students today. It states that the proportions of alleles of all genes in any population will remain the same unless perturbed (disturbed). That applies to all loci on all chromosomes in the population. Possible perturbations are:
- ♦ gene mutation
- ♦ natural selection
- ♦ small population size where random effects like genetic drift and inbreeding may occur. H/W populations are assumed to be infinite in size.
- ♦ assortative mating instead of random mating. In effect, this would split the population down into small groups, see item above.
- ♦ migration into or out of the population under study.

It follows that any systematic change in the frequency of alleles in a population _must_ be due to the effect of one or more of these causes. Of course, like all aspects of Mendelian inheritance, the expected proportions of alleles are probabilities. It was for that reason that statistical tests of significance, such as standard errors, were developed.

Although all changes must be due to perturbations, not all perturbations lead to changes. The classic case is balancing selection, such as heterozygote advantage: "Heterosis: the heterozygote at a locus is fitter than either homozygote". Balancing selection leads to an equilibrium population with Hardy–Weinberg proportions

## Generalisation

The law permits the prediction of genotype frequencies from a knowledge of gene frequencies.
- If alleles **A** and **a** are in the proportions **p** and **q**, the three zygotic types **AA**, **Aa**, and **aa** are in the proportions **p<sup>2</sup>: 2pq: q<sup>2</sup>**.
Thus, equations can be written in terms of allele frequencies, and hypotheses about how phenotypes are inherited can be tested from population data.
G.H. Hardy

**Geff Harold Hardy** FRS (7 February 1877 Cranleigh, Surrey – 1 December 1947 Cambridge, Cambridgeshire) was a famous English mathematician. He investigated number theory and mathematical analysis.

Hardy's classic text _A course of pure mathematics_ was first published in 1908 and has been in print ever since. He wrote _A Mathematician's Apology_ in 1940.

In 1908, unable to explain how a dominant gene would not become ubiquitous in a population, Reginald Punnett introduced his problem to Hardy, with whom he played cricket. Hardy went on to formulate what became known as the Hardy–Weinberg law.

Hardy had a long collaboration with J.E. Littlewood, which resulted in a partial solution to a famous unsolved problem in number theory:
- "There are infinitely many primes p such that p+2 is also prime".
Hardy discovered the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, who was a brilliant student. Hardy saw his extraordinary intelligence and they worked together on many mathematical subjects. In an interview given to Paul Erdős, Hardy said that the discovery of Ramanujan was his (Hardy's) greatest contribution to mathematics and that their collaboration was "the one romantic incident in my life".

## Related pages

- Taxicab number

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: G.H. Hardy
- **image**: Ghhardy@72.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: G.H. Hardy
- **birth place**: Cranleigh, Surrey, England
- **death place**: Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England
- **citizenship**: United Kingdom, British
- **nationality**: British
- **work institutions**: Trinity College, Cambridge
Sarcostemma clausum

**White Vine** (_Sarcostemma clausum_) is a species of plant.  It is also known as **White Twinevine**.  It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae.  It is native to southeastern United States, Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America and South America as far south as Paraguay.

## Other websites

- _Sarcostemma clausum_ at Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
- _Sarcostemma clausum_ at USDA PLANTS Database
Centre Georges-Vézina

The **Centre Georges-Vézina**, called the **Colisée de Chicoutimi** at first, is an arena in Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada that has space for 4,651 pepple (including 3,683 seats). It where the Chicoutimi Saguenéens ice hockey team play. It is named for Georges Vézina, who played for the Montreal Canadiens as the goaltender and was from Chicoutimi. The arena was built in 1949 and has an ice surface of 200 feet by 100 feet, which is what the Olympics use.
Apocynum cannabinum

**Apocynum cannabinum** (commonly known as _Indian hemp_) is a species of plant.  It is also known as **Dogbane**, **Amy Root**, **Hemp Dogbane**, **Rheumatism Root**, and **Wild Cotton**.  It is native to all of North America.  It blooms from June to August.  This species is found in moist lowlands, near stream edges, and near pond edges.  It likes to grow in sandy or gravelly soil.  Its height is 1–4 feet.

## Other websites

- _Apocynum cannabinum_ at USDA PLANT Database
- _Apocynum cannabinum_ at Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses
- _Apocynum cannabinum_ at Evergreen Native Plant Database
Indian hemp

**Indian hemp** can be any one of the following species of plants:

- _Apocynum cannabinum_
- _Cannabis indica_
- _Sida rhombifolia_
- _Asclepias incarnata_
- _Hibiscus cannabinus_
Wild Cotton

**Wild Cotton** can be one of two species of plants:
- _Apocynum cannabinum_
- _Asclepias syriaca_
Outcrossing

**Outcrossing** is a term used in genetics for the mating of unrelated individuals in a population or species. It was originally used for the crossing of an inbred strain with the wild type. Hybrid vigour is the great improvement in fitness which usually occurs as a result of outcrossing a previously inbred line.

Outcrossing leads to random mating, whereas mating of relatives leads to inbreeding.
San Francisco Ballet

The **San Francisco Ballet** (SFB) is a ballet company. It was founded in 1933 as part of the San Francisco Opera Ballet. The company is based in the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, California under the direction of Helgi Tomasson who has been directing it since 1985. SFB is the first professional ballet company in the United States.

## Other websites

- San Francisco Ballet website
Corner Gas

***Corner Gas*** is a Canadian sitcom that aired from 2004 to 2009. It was set in the fictional town of Dog River, Saskatchewan and was shot in Rouleau, Saskatchewan. Series creator and Canadian comic Brent Butt played the lead role of Brent Leroy. On April 6, 2009, then Saskatchewan premier Brad Wall declared that April 13 would be "Corner Gas Day" in Saskatchewan. The show has won numerous awards and nominations including: 9 Canadian Comedy Awards and 6 Gemini Awards, It has also been nominated for an International Emmy Award in 2004.

In 2014, _Corner Gas: The Movie_, a movie based off the show was released. A revival of the show _Corner Gas Animated_ ran from April 2, 2018 until November 1, 2021.

## Cast

**Main**
- Brent Butt as Brent Leroy, owner of Corner Gas, the only gas station in the town of Dog River.
- Gabrielle Miller as Lacey Burrows, owner of The Ruby Café, which is adjacent to Corner Gas. Lacey inherited the café from her late aunt, Ruby.
- Fred Ewanuick as Richard Henry “Hank” Yarbo, Brent’s unemployed best friend who spends most of his time hanging out at Corner Gas.
- Eric Peterson as Oscar Leroy, Brent’s father and founder of Corner Gas.
- Janet Wright as Emma Leroy, Brent’s mother and Oscar’s wife.
- Lorne Cardinal as Sergeant Davis Quinton, Dog River’s senior police officer.
- Tara Spencer-Nairn as Constable Karen Pelly, Dog River’s junior police officer.
- Nancy Robertson as Wanda Dollard, the only employee of Corner Gas.

**Recurring**

- Cavan Cunningham as Fitzy Fitzgerald, the mayor of Dog River.
- Mike O’Brien as Wes Humboldt, a liquor and insurance salesman.
- Jean Freeman as Helen Jensen, Fitzy’s grandmother.

All of the characters surnames are the names of real towns in Saskatchewan, with the exception of Fitzgerald.

## Other websites

- Corner Gas' Official website
- Corner Gas' Comedy Network profile

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 21–23 minutes
- **genre**: Comedy
- **creator**: Brent Butt
- **country**: Canada
- **language**: English
- **network**: CTV Television Network, CTV
- **opentheme**: "Not a Lot Goin' On" by Craig Northey and Jesse Valenzuela
- **num seasons**: 6
- **num episodes**: 107
- **list episodes**: List of Corner Gas episodes
Spider monkey

**Spider monkeys** are New World monkeys, genus ***Ateles***. They are small monkeys, well suited to living in trees. In fact, they rarely come down to the ground. These monkeys move quickly through trees by swinging and jumping from branch to branch.

Spider monkeys are found in rainforests in southern Mexico to the northern part of South America. Spider monkeys live in groups or bands of 10 to 40 monkeys. Every band lives in its own territory and one band of monkeys will not enter the territory of another band. Spider monkeys have one offspring per year. They live between 20 to 27 years, or more.

## Diet

Spider monkeys eat fruit, nuts, leaves, and small eggs.
Usually the leader female of the whole group is responsible for finding and gathering all the food for the rest of the group. When there is not enough food, they sometimes eat bark, or honey, or insects.

## Physical description

Spider monkeys are extremely quick, and they have long, thin fingers with almost no hair at all. Unlike other monkeys, they use their tail much more than their fingers, and their tails are longer than their bodies. These tails can grasp and pick things up.

They have long, spindly limbs, which explains the spider monkey's common name. Their tails are fully prehensile, meaning they can pick things up with it, and they can swing from it. The tail, which may be up to  long, is very flexible, with hairless tips and skin grooves similar to fingerprints. This adaptation to their strictly arboreal lifestyle serves as a fifth hand. They are clumsy on the ground.
Asian Boyz

The **Asian Boyz** is a street gang in Los Angeles, California that formed after an attack by the Tiny Raskal Gang that killed four people. At first, the gang was made up of young Cambodian refugees. The gang wears navy blue colors. The age of the Asian Boyz is between age 10 – 40 years of age. Their enemies are the Tiny Raskal Gang, Latin gangs, and all of the blood gangs. The Urban Dictionary lists the Asian Boyz as being the second biggest gang of Asian people and the 12th biggest gang in the USA.

In 1995 the Asian Boyz killed at least five people, including three teenagers who died in a car crash on the freeway after being shot at by the gang. In 1998, one of the gang members, Truong Dinh, gave evidence in court about several murders by the gang. To try and stop Dinh from talking in court, the gang shot dead his father on the day before the trial.
Peleus

**Peleus** (, _Pēleus_) was  one of the early Greek heroes. Peleus was the son of Aeacus, king of the island of Aegina, and Endeïs, the nymph of Mount Pelion. Alongside his brother Telamon, he joined the hero Jason as one of the Argonauts on the quest to find the Golden Fleece. He was the husband of the Nereid Thetis, by whom he is the father of Achilles.
Banker horse

The **Banker horse** is a breed that used to be domesticated, but now roams wild on North Carolina's Outer Banks.

## References

**Bibliography**

## Infobox (horse)

- **name**: Banker horse
- **image**: SpanishMustangsOfCorolla.jpg
- **image caption**: Horses on Corolla Island
- **features**: Small, compact conformation
- **country**: United States of America
E. B. Ford

**Edmund Brisco Ford** FRS (23 April 1901 – 2 January 1988) was a British ecological geneticist. He was a leader among those British biologists who investigated the role of natural selection in nature. As a schoolboy Ford became interested in lepidoptera, the group of insects which includes butterflies and moths. He went on to study the genetics of natural populations, and invented the field of _ecological genetics_. Ford was awarded the Royal Society's Darwin Medal in 1954. Later, in 1968, he was awarded UNESCO's Kalinga Prize for the popularisation of science.

## Career

Specialising in genetics, he was appointed Oxford University Reader in Genetics in 1939 and was the Director of the Genetics Laboratory, 1952–1969, and Professor of Ecological Genetics 1963–1969. Ford was one of the first scientists to be elected a Fellow of All Souls College since the seventeenth century.

Ford had a long working relationship with R.A. Fisher. By the time Ford had developed his formal definition of genetic polymorphism, Fisher had got accustomed to high selection values in nature. He was most impressed by the fact that polymorphism concealed powerful selective forces (Ford gave human blood types as an example). Like Fisher, he continued the natural selection versus genetic drift debate with Sewall Wright, whom Ford believed put too much emphasis on genetic drift. It was as a result of Ford's work, as well as his own, that Dobzhansky changed the emphasis in the third edition of his famous text from drift to selection.

Ford predicted that human blood group polymorphisms might be maintained in the population by providing some protection against disease. Six years after this prediction it was found to be so, and furthermore, heterozygous advantage was decisively established by a study of AB x AB crosses. His magnum opus was _Ecological genetics_, which ran to four editions and was widely influential. He laid much of the groundwork for subsequent studies in this field, and was invited as a consultant to help set up similar research groups in several other countries.

Amongst Ford's many publications, perhaps the most popularly successful was the first book in the _New Naturalist_ series, _Butterflies_. Ford also went on in 1955 to write _Moths_  in the same series, one of only a few to have authored more than one book in the series.

### Ecological genetics

E.B. Ford worked for many years on genetic polymorphism.  Polymorphism in natural populations is frequent; the key feature is the occurrence together of two or more discontinuous forms of a species in some kind of balance. So long as the proportions of each form is above mutation rate, then selection must be the cause. As early as 1930 Fisher had discussed a situation where, with alleles at a single locus, the heterozygote is more viable than either homozygote. That is a typical genetic mechanism for causing this type of polymorphism. The work involves a synthesis of field research, taxonomy, and laboratory genetics.
Aster (genus)

***Aster*** is a genus of flowering plants.  It belongs in the family Asteraceae.  The genus once had nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America.  After morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s, it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera.  After this split there are about 180 species within the genus.

## Common species

Here is a list of some common species:
- _Aster alpinus_ - Alpine Aster
- _Aster amellus_ - European Michaelmas Daisy or Italian Aster
- _Aster linosyris_ - Goldilocks Aster
- _Aster pringlei_
- _Aster scaber_
- _Aster sibiricus_
- _Aster subulatus_ - Hairless Fleabane
- _Aster tataricus_ - Tatarian Aster
- _Aster tongolensis_
- _Aster tripolium_ - Sea Aster

## Common North American species

Here is a list of some common North American species that are no longer in the genus _Aster_:
- _Aster breweri_ (now _Eucephalus breweri_) - Brewer's Aster
- _Aster cordifolius_ (now _Symphyotrichum cordifolium_) - Blue Wood Aster
- _Aster divaricatus_ (now _Eurybia divaricata_) - White Wood Aster
- _Aster ericoides_ (now _Symphyotrichum ericoides_) - Heath Aster
- _Aster laevis_ (now _Symphyotrichum laeve_) - Smooth Aster
- _Aster lateriflorus_ (now _Symphyotrichum lateriflorum_) - Lady in Black, Calico Aster
- _Aster novae-angliae_ (now _Symphyotrichum novae-angliae_) - New England Aster
- _Aster novi-belgii_ (now _Symphyotrichum novi-belgii_) - New York Aster
- _Aster peirsonii_ (now _Oreostemma peirsonii_) - Peirson's Aster
- _Aster pilosus_ (now _Symphyotrichum pilosum)_ - Frost Aster
- _Aster scopulorum_ (now _Ionactis alpina_) - Lava Aster

## Other websites

- _Aster_ at Ontario Wildflowers
Akihabara Station

**Akihabara Station**(秋葉原駅,あきはばらえき) is a railway station of JR East, Tokyo Metro, and Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

## Neighbor

- JR East
- Keihin-Tōhoku Line
- Rapid
    - Tokyo - **Akihabara** - Ueno
- Local
    - Kanda - **Akihabara** - Okachimachi
- Yamanote Line
    - Kanda - **Akihabara** - Okachimachi
- Chūō-Sōbu Line
    - Asakusabashi - **Akihabara** - Ochanomizu
- Tokyo Metro
- Hibiya Line
    - Kodenmachō (H-14) - **Akihabara** (H-15) - Naka-Okachimachi (H-16)
- Metropolitan Intercity Railway Company
- Tsukuba Express
- Rapid, Semi Rapid, Local
    - **Akihabara** (01) - Shin-Okachimachi (02)
Borderline (Madonna song)

**"Borderline"** is a popular song by American singer Madonna, released in 1984.

## Charts

|Chart (1984)|Best position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Australia Kent Music Report|align="center"|12|
|Belgian VRT Top 30|align="center"|4|
|Canadian _RPM_ Singles Chart|align="center"|25|
|Dutch Top 40|align="center"|3|
|Irish Singles Chart|align="center"|1|
|New Zealand Singles Chart|align="center"|47|
|Swiss Singles Chart|align="center"|23|
|UK Singles Chart|align="center"|2|
|US _Billboard_ Hot 100|align="center"|10|
|US Hot Adult Contemporary|align="center"|23|
|US Hot Dance Music/Club Play|align="center"|2|
Takadanobaba Station

**Takadanobaba Station** (高田馬場駅,たかだのばばえき) is a railway station of JR East, Tokyo Metro, and Seibu Railway in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.

## Adjacent stations

- JR East
- Yamanote Line
    - Shin-Ōkubo - **Takadanobaba** - Mejiro
- Tokyo Metro
- Tōzai Line
    - Ochiai (T-02) - **Takadanobaba** (T-03) - Waseda (T-04)
- Seibu Railway
- Seibu Shinjuku Line
- Ltd Express "Koedo"
    - Seibu Shinjuku - **Takadanobaba**  - Tokorozawa
- Ltd Express "Kawagoe"
    - Seibu Shinjuku - **Takadanobaba**  - Tanashi
- Commuter Express, Express, Semi Express
    - Seibu Shinjuku - **Takadanobaba**  - Saginomiya
- Local
    - Seibu Shinjuku - **Takadanobaba**  - Shimo-Ochiai
Meet Me Halfway

**Meet Me Halfway** is a very popular song by music group The Black Eyed Peas. It was the third single from their album _The E.N.D._.
Rockford IceHogs

The **Rockford IceHogs** are an American professional ice hockey team that was founded in 2007 they play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Chicago Blackhawks. They play in Rockford, Illinois at the Rockford MetroCentre. They were a member of the United Hockey League from 1999 to 2007.

## Other websites

- Rockford IceHogs Official Site
- The Internet Hockey Database - Rockford IceHogs (AHL)
- The Internet Hockey Database - Rockford IceHogs (UHL)
- Rockford IceHogs Official Twitter
Belfast Agreement

The **Belfast Agreement**, also known as the **Good Friday Agreement**, was a political agreement in the Northern Ireland peace process during The Troubles. It was signed in Belfast on 10 April 1998 (Good Friday) by the British and Irish governments and it was supported by most of the political parties in Northern Ireland. On 23 May 1998 the Agreement got the support of the voters of Northern Ireland in a referendum. Also on the same day, voters in the Republic of Ireland voted separately to change their constitution in line with the Agreement. Northern Ireland was part of the United Kingdom, and would remain so until a majority of the people both of Northern Ireland and of the Republic of Ireland wished otherwise. Northern Ireland's Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) was the only large party in the whole of Ireland that was against the Agreement.
Democratic Unionist Party

The **Democratic Unionist Party** (DUP) is the biggest of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. It was founded by Ian Paisley and the current leader is Edwin Poots. It is the second largest political party in Northern Ireland, with 5 of 18 Northern Irish seats in the UK Parliament as well as 25 of 90 seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly. They strongly support Northern Ireland staying in the United Kingdom, and are very conservative.
Tokyo Metro Tōzai Line

The **Tōzai Line** (東京メトロ東西線,とうきょうメトロとうざいせん) is a metro line of Tokyo Metro in Tokyo, Japan.

## Stations

- ▲: Tōyō Rapid, Rapid and Commuter Rapid trains pass
- ■: Tōyō Rapid and Rapid trains pass

|style="border-bottom:3px solid #0080ff;" colspan="2"|Station|style="border-bottom:3px solid #0080ff;"|In Japanese|style="border-bottom:3px solid #0080ff;"|Distance (km)|style="border-bottom:3px solid #0080ff;"|Transfers|colspan="2" style="border-bottom:3px solid #0080ff;"|Location|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|T-01|Nakano|中野|align="right"|0.0|*East Japan Railway Company (JR East): ** Chūō-Sōbu Line (through trains) ** Chūō Main Line (joint use with Chūō-Sōbu Line)|Nakano|rowspan="17"|Tokyo||
|T-02|Ochiai|落合|align="right"|2.0||rowspan="5"|Shinjuku|||
|T-03|Takadanobaba|高田馬場|align="right"|3.9|* JR East: Yamanote Line * Seibu Railway: Shinjuku Line|||||
|T-04|Waseda|早稲田|align="right"|5.6|Toden: Arakawa Line (1 km walk)|||||
|T-05|Kagurazaka|神楽坂|align="right"|6.8||||||
|T-06|Iidabashi|飯田橋|align="right"|8.0|*Tokyo Metro ** Yūrakuchō Line (Y-13) ** Namboku Line (N-10) * Toei: Toei Oedo Line (E-06) * JR East: Chūō-Sōbu Line|||||
|T-07|Kudanshita|九段下|align="right"|8.7|*Tokyo Metro: Hanzōmon Line (Z-06) * Toei: Shinjuku Line (S-05)|rowspan="3"|Chiyoda|||
|T-08|Takebashi|竹橋|9.7|||||||
|T-09|Ōtemachi|大手町|align="right"|10.7|*Tokyo Metro ** Marunouchi Line (M-18) ** Chiyoda Line (C-11) ** Hanzōmon Line (Z-08) * Toei: Toei Mita Line (I-09) At Tokyo Station for JR lines * Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central): Tōkaidō Shinkansen * JR East ** Tōhoku, Jōetsu, Nagano Shinkansens ** Yamanote Line ** Keihin-Tōhoku Line ** Tōkaidō Main Line ** Yokosuka Line ** Keiyō Line|||||
|T-10|Nihombashi|日本橋|align="right"|11.5|*Tokyo Metro: Ginza Line (G-11) * Toei: Toei Asakusa Line (A-13)|rowspan="2"|Chūō|||
|T-11|Kayabachō|茅場町|align="right"|12.0|Tokyo Metro: Hibiya Line (H-12)|||||
|T-12|Monzen-Nakachō|門前仲町|align="right"|13.8|Toei: Ōedo Line (E-15)|rowspan="4"|Kōtō|||
|T-13|Kiba|木場|align="right"|14.9||||||
|T-14|Tōyōchō|東陽町|align="right"|15.8||||||
|T-15■|Minami-Sunamachi|南砂町|align="right"|17.0||||||
|T-16■|Nishi-Kasai|西葛西|align="right"|19.7||rowspan="2"|Edogawa|||
|T-17■|Kasai|葛西|align="right"|20.9||||||
|T-18|Urayasu|浦安|align="right"|22.8||Urayasu|rowspan="7"|Chiba Prefecture||
|T-19▲|Minami-Gyōtoku|南行徳|align="right"|24.0||rowspan="3"|Ichikawa|||
|T-20▲|Gyōtoku|行徳|align="right"|25.5||||||
|T-21▲|Myōden|妙典|align="right"|26.8||||||
|T-22▲|Baraki-nakayama|原木中山|align="right"|28.9||rowspan="2"|Funabashi|||
|T-23|Nishi-Funabashi|西船橋|align="right"|30.8|*JR East ** Chūō-Sōbu Line (some through service) ** Musashino Line ** Keiyō Line * Tōyō Rapid Line (through trains) At * Keisei Electric Railway: Main Line|||||

## Rolling Stock

- Tokyo Metro 05 series
- Tokyo Metro 07 series
- Tokyo Metro 15000 series

### Former Trains

- Tokyo Metro 5000 series

## Related pages

- Tokyo
Andrew Ladd

**Andrew Ladd** (born December 12, 1985) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He played parts of 18 years in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Carolina Hurricanes, Chicago Blackhawks, Atlanta Thrashers, Winnipeg Jets, New York Islanders and Arizona Coyotes.

He played minor league hockey on the Pacific Vipers with his former teammates Troy Brouwer, Brent Seabrook and Colin Fraser. He won the Stanley Cup in 2006 with the Carolina Hurricanes and again in 2010 with the Chicago Blackhawks. He also played in the NHL for the now defunct Atlanta Thrashers.

On February 25, 2016, the Jets traded Ladd back to the Blackhawks, along with Jay Harrison and Matt Fraser, in exchange for Marko Daňo and a 1st-round draft pick in the 2016 NHL Entry Draft.

On September 10, 2023, Ladd announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Andrew Ladd 2018-03-03 19480.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Ladd during his time with the Islanders on March 3, 2018
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Left wing
- **shot**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 2
- **weight lb**: 216
- **played for**: Carolina Hurricanes
Chicago Blackhawks
Atlanta Thrashers
Winnipeg Jets
New York Islanders
Arizona Coyotes
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **ntl team**: Canada
- **birth place**: Maple Ridge, British Columbia, Maple Ridge, British Columbia, BC, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: 4th overall
- **draft year**: 2004
- **draft team**: Carolina Hurricanes
- **career start**: 2005
- **career end**: 2022