juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Criminal Tribes Act

The **Criminal Tribes Act** was one of the many laws passed on the 12th of October in 1871 by the British colonial government that applied to Indians based on their religion and caste identification. The _Criminal Tribes Act_ and its provisions used the term Tribes, which included castes within their scope. This terminology was preferred for various reasons, including Muslim sensitivities that considered castes by definition Hindu, and preferred Tribes as a more generic term that included Muslims. The origins behind the creation of the act concerned Revolt of 1857 where many tribal chiefs as Dhan Singh Gurjar were labelled traitors and considered rebellious. **Criminal Tribes Act of 1871** was amended, on the 28th of January in 1897; with the subtitle "An Act for the Registration of Criminal Tribes and Eunuchs", ordering that "criminal" eunuchs "dressed or ornamented like a woman in a public street… be arrested without warrant" and imprisoned.

The Criminal Tribes Act of 1871, expanded in scope through the 1920s, targeted numerous castes in colonial India. According to Simon Cole, a professor of Criminology, Law & Society, the law declared everyone belonging to certain castes to be born with criminal tendencies. They criminalized entire communities by categorizing them as habitual criminals. Because of this label, restriction on their movements was also imposed.

Adult male members of such groups were forced to report weekly to the local police.
Bong Go

**Christopher Lawrence** "**Bong**" **Tesoro Go** (; born June 14, 1974) is a Filipino politician. He is a Senator since 2019. He was Special Assistant to the President and Head of the Presidential Management Staff from June 2016 to October 2018 during the Rodrigo Duterte cabinet.

In October 2021, Go announced his candidacy for Vice President of the Philippines in the 2022 election. However the following month, he withdrew from the vice presidential election to run for President of the Philippines.

## Infobox (basketball biography)

- **embed**: yes
- **number**: 18
- **position**: Guard (basketball), Guard
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 6
- **league**: Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League
- **years1**: 2018–2019
- **team1**: Muntinlupa Cagers


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific prefix**: The Honorable
- **name**: Bong Go
- **office**: Senator of the Philippines
- **term start**: June 30, 2019
- **office1**: Chair of the List of Philippine Senate committees, Philippine Senate
Health and Sports Committee
- **term start1**: July 22, 2019
- **office2**: Special Assistant to the President (Philippines), Special Assistant to
the President of the Philippines
- **image**: Bong Go - August 22, 2018 (cropped).jpg
- **predecessor2**: Julia Abad
- **president2**: Rodrigo Duterte
- **successor2**: Jesus Melchor Quitain <small>()</small>
- **party**: PDP–Laban
- **otherparty**: Hugpong ng Pagbabago
- **birth name**: Christopher Lawrence Tesoro Go
- **birth place**: Davao City, Philippines
- **signature**: Bong Go signature.svg
- **alma mater**: Ateneo de Davao University
- **term start2**: June 30, 2016
- **term end2**: October 15, 2018
- **net worth**:
( 31, 2020)
Imee Marcos

**Maria Imelda Josefa** "**Imee**" **Romualdez Marcos** (; born November 12, 1955) is a Filipina politician. She has been a  Senator since 2019. She was governor of Ilocos Norte from 2010 to 2019 and a representative of Ilocos Norte's 2nd district from 1998 to 2007.

She is a daughter of former dictator Ferdinand Marcos and former first lady Imelda Marcos.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific prefix**: The Honorable
- **name**: Imee Marcos
- **image**: File:Imee_R._Marcos,_Senate_portrait_2025.png
- **caption**: Marcos in 2025
- **office**: Senate of the Philippines, Senator of the Philippines
- **term start**: June 30, 2019
- **office1**: Chair of the List of Philippine Senate committees, Philippine Senate
Cultural Communities Committee
- **term start1**: July 22, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Nancy Binay
- **office2**: Chair of the List of Philippine Senate committees, Philippine Senate
Economic Affairs Committee
- **term start2**: July 22, 2019
- **predecessor2**: Win Gatchalian
- **office3**: Chair of the List of Philippine Senate committees, Philippine Senate
Electoral Reforms and People's Participation Committee
- **term start3**: July 22, 2019
- **predecessor3**: Koko Pimentel
- **office4**: Governor of Ilocos Norte
- **vicegovernor4**: Angelo Barba
- **term start4**: June 30, 2010
- **term end4**: June 30, 2019
- **predecessor4**: Michael Marcos Keon
- **successor4**: Matthew Manotoc, Matthew Marcos Manotoc
- **office5**: Member of the
House of Representatives of the Philippines, Philippine House of Representatives
from Ilocos Norte's Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte#2nd District, 2nd district
- **term start5**: June 30, 1998
- **term end5**: June 30, 2007
- **predecessor5**: Simeon Valdez
- **successor5**: Bongbong Marcos
- **office6**: Member of the
Regular Batasang Pambansa
from Ilocos Norte's Ilocos Norte's at-large congressional district, at-large district
- **term start6**: July 23, 1984
- **term end6**: March 25, 1986
- **alongside6**: Antonio Raquiza
- **birth name**: Maria Imelda Josefa Romualdez Marcos
- **birth place**: Mandaluyong, Rizal, Philippines (now a part of Metro Manila)
- **party**: Nacionalista Party
- **otherparty**: Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
Hugpong ng Pagbabago
- **spouse**: Tommy Manotoc
- **partner**: Mark Chua
- **parents**: Ferdinand Marcos
Imelda Marcos
- **relatives**: Bongbong Marcos (brother)
Irene Marcos (sister)
Aimee Marcos (sister)
- **children**: 3, including Matthew Manotoc
- **net worth**:
( 31, 2020)
- **signature**: Imee-marcos-signature.svg
Chloe Fineman

**Chloe Rose Fineman** (born July 20, 1988) is an American actress and comedian. Fineman began her career with The Groundlings improv troupe. She is known for being a cast member of _Saturday Night Live_ since 2019. In 2024, she appeared in the film _Despicable Me 4_ (2024).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chloe Fineman
- **caption**: Fineman in January 2020
- **birth name**: Chloe Rose Fineman
- **birth place**: Berkeley, California, United States, U.S.
- **alma mater**: New York University
- **years active**: 2011–present
- **known for**: _Saturday Night Live_
Bottes sauvages

**Bottes sauvages** are shoes.  They are boots.  They are tall, reaching up toward the knee.  They are made of leather.  People invented bottes sauvages by looking at Native American moccasins.  These boots are part of the traditional clothing of people from Quebec.
Dawn raids (New Zealand)

The **Dawn Raids** were a crackdown in New Zealand from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s on illegal overstayers from the Pacific Islands.

The raids were first announced in 1973 by Prime Minister Norman Kirk and were continued by his replacement Rob Muldoon.

These raids involved special police squads causing raids on the homes and workplaces of overstayers throughout New Zealand usually at dawn. Overstayers and their families were often prosecuted and then deported back to their countries.

In August 2021, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern made a formal apology for the raids.
Norman Kirk

**Norman Eric Kirk**  (6 January 1923 – 31 August 1974) was a New Zealand politician. He was the 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in 1974.

Kirk joined the New Zealand Labour Party in 1943.

Kirk died of a pulmonary embolism in Wellington on 31 August 1974 at the age of 51.

## Other websites

- Prime Ministers of New Zealand: Norman Kirk
- NZBC Network News – Prime Minister Norman Kirk's Death

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: Norman Kirk
- **image**: Norman Kirk, crop.jpg
- **order**: 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **1namedata**: Denis Blundell
- **term start**: 8 December 1972
- **term end**: 31 August 1974
- **deputy**: Hugh Watt
- **predecessor**: Jack Marshall
- **successor**: Bill Rowling
- **order1**: 19th
- **office1**: Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)Leader of the Opposition
- **term start1**: 16 December 1965
- **term end1**: 8 December 1972
- **deputy1**: Hugh Watt
- **predecessor1**: Arnold Nordmeyer
- **successor1**: Jack Marshall
- **order2**: 7th
- **office2**: Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party
- **term start2**: 16 December 1965
- **term end2**: 31 August 1974
- **predecessor2**: Arnold Nordmeyer
- **successor2**: Bill Rowling
- **office3**: 20th President of the New Zealand Labour Party, President of the Labour Party
- **term start3**: 12 May 1964
- **term end3**: 11 May 1966
- **vicepresident3**: Jim Bateman
- **predecessor3**: Martyn Finlay
- **successor3**: Norman Douglas (politician), Norman Douglas
- **constituency mp5**: Sydenham (New Zealand electorate), Sydenham
- **parliament5**: New Zealand
- **term start5**: 29 November 1969
- **term end5**: 31 August 1974
- **predecessor5**: Mabel Howard
- **successor5**: John Kirk (New Zealand politician), John Kirk
- **constituency mp6**: Lyttelton (New Zealand electorate), Lyttelton
- **parliament6**: New Zealand
- **term start6**: 30 November 1957
- **term end6**: 29 November 1969
- **predecessor6**: Harry Lake
- **successor6**: Tom McGuigan
- **birth place**: Waimate, Canterbury, New Zealand, Canterbury, New Zealand
- **death place**: Wellington, New Zealand
- **resting place**: Waimate Lawn Cemetery, Waimate, Canterbury, New Zealand
- **children**: 5, including John Kirk (New Zealand politician), John Kirk
- **relatives**: Jo Luxton (great-niece)
- **party**: New Zealand Labour Party, Labour
- **profession**: Railway engineer
- **signature**: Norman Kirk Signature-01.svg
- **caption**: Kirk in 1966
Gilsum, New Hampshire

**Gilsum** is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 752 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Gilsum community website
- Gilsum Public Library
- New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
Alstead, New Hampshire

**Alstead** is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,864 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Shedd-Porter Memorial Library
Masahito Hitosugi

(born July 3, 1969) is a Japanese forensic pathologist, researcher and educator. He is serving as a professor in legal medicine in Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.

## Early Career and Education

After graduating from the Jikei University School of Medicine in 1994, after working at Kawasaki City Kawasaki Hospital, completed the Jikei University School of Medicine. He moved to his current position after working as an assistant at Doshisha University and an associate professor at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University. He is also active in a wide range of fields, including being a university lecturer, a part-time police doctor at the Tochigi Prefectural Police Headquarters, and energetically working on many related committees and academic societies. His area of expertise is the pathophysiology of sudden death, thrombosis, and preventive medicine for traffic accidents.

## Publications

- 2008,1 January

## Awards

- Best Paper Award, The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine (Co-author) 2017
- The Technological Contribution Award, Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. 2016
- Best Paper Award, Japan Council of Traffic Science (Co-author) 2016
- International Health Professional of the Year, Cambridge, England 2010
- Best Paper Award, Japan Council of Traffic Science 2010
- Kenichi Uemura Award, Japan Society for Medical English Education 2010
- Japan Society for Transportation Science, _Best Paper Award_ 2010
- Japan Society for Medical English Education, _Kenichi Uemura Award_ 2010
- Best Presentation Award, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers, Annual Congress 2008
- Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan,  _Best Presentation Award_ 2008
- Best Presentation Award, Japan Society of Automotive Engineers, Annual Congress (Co-author) 2007

## Other websites

- KAKEN
- Justia

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Masahito Hitosugi
- **native name**: 一杉正仁
- **birth date**: 3 July 1969
- **birth place**: Tokyo,Japan
- **nationality**: Japanese
- **spouse**: Naoko Hitosugi
- **children**: Akari Hitosugi
- **alma mater**: Jikei University School of Medicine
- **occupation**: Forensic Pathologist, Educator
Folly Beach, South Carolina

**Folly Beach** is a partly-private coastal city in Charleston County, South Carolina. Folly Beach is on the Atlantic coastal region of eastern South Carolina. The number of people living in the city was 2,682 according to the 2020 United States Census.

On September 21 or 22, 1989, Hurricane Hugo moved onto shores northeast of Charleston, Folly Beach and Mount Pleasant. These places were affected by Hugo's weaker winds. The Washout, a very well known place that people like to visit, was created not long after Hugo entered the area.

The city was established in 1937 or 1938.
Bow, New Hampshire

**Bow** is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 8,229 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Town of Bow official website
- New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
Viv Richards

**Viv Richards** (born in 1952) is a former West Indian cricketer.

Richards is from Antigua. He played for Somerset and the West Indies.

Wisden elected him one of the five cricketers of the 20th century.
Interstate 310 (Louisiana)

**Interstate 310** (**I-310**) is a short spur route of I-10 west of New Orleans, located in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, United States.

It begins at on I-10 just west of Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport. It goes south as an elevated freeway across the LaBranche Wetlands. The highway crosses the Mississippi River, and ends at US 90 in Boutte.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: LA
- **type**: I
- **route**: 310
- **length mi**: 11.709
- **formed**: 1983
- **history**: I-310 planned in 1977 and opened in stages between 1983 and 1993.
- **spur type**: I
- **spur of**: 10
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: west of Kenner, Louisiana, Kenner
- **junction**: in St. Rose, Louisiana, St. Rose
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Boutte, Louisiana, Boutte
- **parishes**: St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, St. Charles
- **previous type**: LA
- **previous route**: 309
- **next type**: LA
- **next route**: 310
Interstate 220 (Mississippi)

**Interstate 220** (**I-220**) is a bypass around Jackson, Mississippi. It provides an interstate connection for Interstate 55 and Interstate 20 without going through downtown. The highway was Mississippi's first three-digit interstate, complete by 1981.

I-220 begins at I-20. It continues north, with an interchange at Clinton Boulevard that provides access to Capitol Street and Bullard Street. After turning to the northeast, I-220 ends at I-55.

Legally, the route of I-220 is defined in Mississippi Code § 65-3-3.

## Infobox (road)

- **route**: 220
- **state**: MS
- **type**: I
- **length mi**: 12.01
- **established**: 1981
- **spur type**: I
- **spur of**: 20
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Jackson, Mississippi, Jackson
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: in Ridgeland, Mississippi, Ridgeland
- **counties**: Hinds County, Mississippi, Hinds, Madison County, Mississippi, Madison
- **previous type**: MS
- **previous route**: 198
- **next type**: MS
- **next route**: 245
Celebrity sex tape

A **celebrity sex tape** is typically an amateur pornographic video recording involving one or more famous people which has, intentionally or unintentionally, been made available publicly.

Kim Kardashian and Paris Hilton are some of the celebrities who become famous for their sex tapes.
Interstate 115

**Interstate 115** (**I-115**) is a  auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. state of Montana. It connects I-15/I-90 to Butte. The highway begins at an interchange with I-15/I-90 through generally rural areas in western Butte. It has an interchange with Excelsior Avenue before ending. The entire route was upgraded to interstate standards during the 1960s, and was further upgraded in 2005.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: MT
- **type**: I
- **route**: 115
- **spur type**: I
- **spur of**: 15
- **length mi**: 1.194
- **established**: 1971
- **direction a**: West
- **terminus a**: in Butte, Montana, Butte
- **direction b**: East
- **terminus b**: in Butte
- **counties**: Silver Bow County, Montana, Silver Bow
- **previous type**: I
- **previous route**: 94
- **next type**: MT
- **next route**: 117
Sarcohyla celata

The **Oaxaca tree frog** (_Sarcohyla celata_) is a frog that lives in Mexico.  It lives in cloud forests.  Scientists have seen it between 2640 and 2890 meters above sea level in the Sierra Juárez in Oaxaca.
Alford, Lincolnshire

**Alford** is a town in Lincolnshire, England. It is about  northwest of the coastal resort of Skegness, at the foot of the Lincolnshire Wolds, which form an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The population was recorded as 3,459 in the 2011 census, and estimated at 3,789 in 2019.
National Database and Registration Authority

The **National Database & Registration Authority (NADRA)** () is an independent and autonomous agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan.

## Descriptive

The ID card has the following information on it:

1. Legal Name,
1. Gender (male, female, or transgender),
1. Father's name (Husband's name for married females),
1. Identification Mark,
1. Date of Birth,
1. National Identity Card Number,
1. Family Tree ID Number,
1. Current Address,
1. Permanent Address,
1. Date of Issue,
1. Date of Expiry,
1. Signature,
1. Photo, and Fingerprint (Thumbprint) NADRA also records the applicant's religion, but this is not noted on the CNIC itself.

NADRA has registered over 90% of women in the Pakistan. Although NADRA has started issuing ultra modern SCNIC (Smart Computerized National Identity Card) too having information both in English and Urdu languages respectively.

## History

After the 1971 war resulted in East-Pakistan gaining independence as Bangladesh, a new statistical database system was needed to ensure the safety of Pakistan's citizens as well as the national security of the country as questions were being raised over who was a Pakistani and who was not. So the Bhutto regime introduced a national registration act in the Parliament of Pakistan to establish an authority to issue photo IDs to all registered Pakistani citizens.

## Related pages

- Pakistani passport

## Other websites

- CNIC  at NADRA
- NADRA ONLINE CARD UK
Smallfoot (movie)

***Smallfoot*** is a 2018 American  computer-animated musical comedy movie.

## Production

It was produced by the Warner Animation Group and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The story is based on the unpublished children's book _Yeti Tracks_ by Sergio Pablos. The movie was co-written and directed by Karey Kirkpatrick.

## Release

_Smallfoot_ was theatrically released in the United States on September 28, 2018. It received a mostly positive reception from critics and grossed over $214 million worldwide.

## Plot

The plot follows a tribe of Himalayan Yeti who come across a human being, with each species thinking the other was just a myth.

## Voice cast

The movie stars the voices of Channing Tatum, James Corden, Zendaya, Common, LeBron James, Gina Rodriguez, Danny DeVito, Yara Shahidi, Ely Henry, and Jimmy Tatro.
- Channing Tatum as Migo
- James Corden as Percy Patterson
- Zendaya as Meechee
    - Jennifer Hale as Meechee's singing voice (uncredited)
- Common as Stonekeeper
- LeBron James as Gwangi
- Gina Rodriguez as Kolka
- Danny DeVito as Dorgle
- Yara Shahidi as Brenda
- Ely Henry as Fleem
- Jimmy Tatro as Thorp
- Patricia Heaton as Mama Bear

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Smallfoot
- **cinematography**: Stephen W. Childers
- **editing**: Peter Ettinger
- **music**: Heitor Pereira
- **distributor**: Warner Bros. Pictures
- **runtime**: 96 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $80 million
- **gross**: $214 million
Joan of the Tower

**Joan of the Tower** (5 July 1321 – 7 September 1362) was the queen of Scotland from 1329 to her death as the first wife of David II of Scotland. She was the daughter of Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

## Life

Joan was the youngest daughter of King Edward II of England and Isabella of France. She was born in the Tower of London on 5 July 1321.

According to the Treaty of Northampton, Joan was married on 17 July 1328 to David, the son and heir of Robert I of Scotland at Berwick-upon-Tweed. At the time of the marriage, Joan was 7 and David was 4. The marriage lasted for 34 years.

## Sources

- Ashley, Mike. _The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens_. London: Robinson Publishers, 1999.
- Marshall, Rosalind. _Scottish Queens 1034–1714_. East Linton: Tuckwell Press, 2003.
- Panton, James. _Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy_. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2011.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **house**: House of Plantagenet, Plantagenet
- **death place**: Hertford Castle, Hertfordshire
- **death date**: 7 September 1362 (aged 41)
- **birth place**: Tower of London, London
- **birth date**: 5 July 1321
- **mother**: Isabella of France
- **father**: Edward II of England
- **name**: Joan of the Tower
- **coronation**: November 1331
- **reign**: 7 June 1329 – 7 September 1362
- **succession**: List of Scottish consorts, Queen consort of Scotland
- **image size**: 200px
- **image**: Joan Queen of Scotland.jpg
- **burial place**: Christ Church Greyfriars, London
Nisha Rao

**Nisha** **Rao** is a Pakistani transgender lawyer and activist. In 2020, she became the first transgender law graduate in Pakistan.

## Career

Rao began her law career by participating in various advocacy events. She later associated herself with various Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as a volunteer and a legal adviser. She joined the Gender Interactive Alliance (GIA), which works for the rights of the transgender community.

As a lawyer, Nisha has dealt with over 50 cases regarding the transgender community.

## Future plans

Nisha plans to help the transgender community through her NGO. She wants to set up a helpline where transgender people can be guided by other community members. She also has plans to build a transgender old age home in the near future.

## Other websites

- Nisha Rao interview
- Nisha Rao life story

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nisha Rao
- **image**: Nisha_Rao-1-.jpg
- **birth place**: Lahore, Pakistan
- **nationality**: Pakistani
- **education**: Law, LL.B
- **alma mater**: University of Karachi
- **occupation**: Lawyer, activist
- **url**: https://www.nisharao.com
Collapse of the World Trade Center

The **collapse of the World Trade Center** occurred during the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, after each of the Twin Towers was hit by a commercial airliner. One World Trade Center (WTC 1, or the North Tower) was hit at 8:46 a.m. EST. It collapsed at 10:28 a.m. Two World Trade Center (WTC 2, or the South Tower) was hit at 9:03 a.m. It collapsed at 9:59 a.m.

The debris from the collapsed buildings severely damaged or completely destroyed more than a dozen other nearby structures. That led to the collapse of 7 World Trade Center at 5:21 p.m. In the crashes, fires, and subsequent collapses, 2,763 people were killed. They included 2,192 civilians, 343 firefighters, and 71 law enforcement officers. They also included all of the passengers and crew on the airplanes, which included 147 civilians and the 10 hijackers.
Human rights in Bahrain

**Bahrain**s record on human rights has been described by Human Rights Watch as "dismal", and having "deteriorated sharply in the latter half of 2010". Their subsequent report in 2020 noted that the human rights situation in the country had not improved.

## LGBT concerns

Homosexuality is not illegal _per se_.  Criminal sanctions against LGBT people in Bahrain tend to come from several very broadly written laws against perceived "immorality".
Human rights in Pakistan

The situation of Human Rights in Pakistan () is complex as a result of the country's diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign Islamic democracy with a mixture of both Islamic and secular law. The Constitution of Pakistan provides for fundamental rights.  The Clauses also provide for an independent Supreme Court, separation of executive and judiciary, an independent judiciary, independent Human Rights commission and freedom of movement within the country and abroad. However these clauses are not respected in practice.

## LGBT concerns

Homosexuality is  illegal _per se_.  Criminal sanctions against LGBT people in Pakistan tend to come from several very broadly traditional cultured and Neo-Conservative ideology against perceived "immorality". Additionally the Government of Pakistan has itself admitted on several occasions that it has absolutely no control over the Military of Pakistan and related security agencies.
Human rights in Turkey

**Human rights in Turkey** are protected by a variety of international law treaties, which take precedence over domestic legislation, according to Article 90 of the 1982 Constitution. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) was not signed by Turkey until 2000.

## Human rights in Northern Cyprus

Human rights in Northern Cyprus are protected by the constitution of Northern Cyprus. However, there have been reports of violations of the human rights of minorities, democratic freedom, freedom from discrimination, freedom from torture, freedom of movement, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, right to education, right to life, right to property, and the rights of displaced persons.

### Rights of LGBT

Sexual intercourse between consenting adult females is legal in Northern Cyprus. Male homosexuality was still criminalised in Northern Cyprus until January 2014, while anti-homosexuality legislation formerly in effect in the Republic of Cyprus was repealed following a 1993 ruling by the European Court of Human Rights (_Modinos v. Cyprus_).

On 27 January 2014 Turkish Cypriot deputies passed an amendment repealing a colonial-era law that punished homosexual acts with up to five years in prison by a new Criminal Code. It was the last territory in Europe to decriminalise sexual relations between consenting, adult men. In response to the vote ,  Paulo Corte-Real from the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, a rights advocacy group said that "We welcome today's vote and can finally call Europe a continent completely free from laws criminalising homosexuality".
Huexotzingo

**Huexotzingo** is a small city in Mexico. It is about   northeast of Puebla. In 2022, about 60,000 people lived there. The city is mostly focused on agriculture. The Codex Hexotzingo, a document of a trial in the Middle Ages was located there. Today, the city is known for the producition of cider, and of fruit preserves. Also, the airport of Puebla is located in Huexotzingo. By car, Puebla can be reached in about 20 minutes, Mexico City is about an hour away.
Kurzgesagt

**Kurzgesagt** (in German Language stands for "In a nutshell") is a design studio and animator founded by Philipp Dettmer. They have a YouTube Channel and its studio focuses on educational minimalist content. They animate their videos using a flat design style. Their videos are about Science, Technology, Policies, Philosophy subjects.

The videos are narrated by Steve Taylor. The videos are usually 4 to 16 minutes long. Their works are available in English, German, and Spanish. They began creating videos in their Spanish Channel (En Pocas Palabras - Kurzgesagt) near the end of 2019 as of June 16th, 2025, they have 24.2 million subscribers and have 287 videos.

## Infobox (youtube personality)

- **embed**: yes
- **channel name**: Kurzgesagt
- **channel display name**: Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
- **years active**: 2013–present
- **subscribers**: 24.2 million
- **views**: 3.326 billion
- **silver button**: yes
- **silver year**: 2014
- **gold button**: yes
- **gold year**: 2015
- **diamond button**: yes
- **diamond year**: 2019
- **stats update**: 16 June 2025
<hr style="height:1.5px; background:#A2A9B1; border:none; margin:0.3em 0;">


## Infobox (infobox)

- **child**: yes
- **title**: Social media presence
- **label1**: TikTok
- **label2**: Instagram
- **label3**: Reddit
- **label4**: Facebook


## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
- **logo alt**: A blue circle with white and green lines on it, surrounded by lighter blue halos
- **logo size**: 200
- **logo caption**: Kurzgesagt's logo, a minimalist representation of Earth
- **motto**: In a Nutshell
- **formation**: 10 July 2013
- **founder**: Philipp Dettmer
- **type**: Privately held company
- **purpose**: Animation studio
- **location**: Munich, Germany
- **owner**: Philipp Dettmer
- **staff**: 90
- **staff year**: 2025
Lake Annette, Missouri

**Lake Annette** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Lake Winnebago, Missouri

**Lake Winnebago** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Peculiar, Missouri

**Peculiar** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Pleasant Hill, Missouri

**Pleasant Hill** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Raymore, Missouri

**Raymore** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Strasburg, Missouri

**Strasburg** is a city in Cass County, Missouri, United States.
Bayou Blue, Louisiana

**Bayou Blue** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Lafourche and Terrebonne parishes, in the U.S. state of Louisiana.
Louisiana State University of Alexandria

**Louisiana State University of Alexandria** (**LSU of Alexandria** or **LSUA**, formerly **Louisiana State University at Alexandria**) is a public university in Alexandria, Louisiana.
Gelora Bung Karno Stadium

**Gelora Bung Karno Stadium** is a main stadium in Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex, Jakarta, Indonesia.  It is officially called the **Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium** and also known as the **GBK Stadium**. The stadium was made for use during the 1962 Asian Games then reused during the 2018 Asian Games and 2018 Asian Para Games.

## Infobox (stadium)

- **stadium name**: Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium
- **native name**: Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno
- **nickname**: _GBK_, _SUGBK_, _Stadion Utama_, _Stadion Senayan_
- **image size**: 280px
- **location**: Gelora, Tanah Abang, Gelora, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- **broke ground**: (entire complex)
- **former names**:
(until 24 September 1962)
 (1969–17 January 2001)
- **closed**: 2016–2018
- **renovated**: 2016–2018
- **website**: [https://gbk.id/stadion-utama/ GBK.id/stadion-utama/]
- **owner**: Government of Indonesia

- **operator**: Pusat Pengelolaan Komplek Gelora Bung Karno (Gelora Bung Karno Complex Management Center)
- **surface**: Zoysia, Zeon Zoysia
- **architect**: Frederich Silaban
- **cost**: United States dollar, $12,500,000 (1958, entire complex)
Indonesian rupiah, Rp769.69 billion (2016–2018)
- **tenants**: Indonesia national football team
Persija Jakarta (2008–2016, 2018–2020)
- **capacity**: 77,193
<small></small>
- **record attendance**:

(23 February 1985)
- **suites**: 4
Dean Shek

**Dean Shek** (17 June 1949 – 20 September 2021),  also known as **Dean Shek Tin**, was a Hong Kong actor and producer. He was best known as Professor Kai-hsien in the 1978 movie _Drunken Master_, Lung Sei in the 1987 movie _A Better Tomorrow II_, and Snooker in the 1990 movie _The Dragon from Russia_.

Shek died from cancer on 20 September 2021, at the age of 72. He had been diagnosed with the disease two months before his death.

## Infobox (chinese)

- **child**: yes
- **t**: 石天
- **s**: 石天
- **p**: Shí Tiān
- **j**: Sek6 Tin1


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **alias**: Charlie Shek
- **origin**: Hong Kong


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dean Shek
- **image**: File:Dean Shek 20160409.jpg
- **caption**: Shek at _The Wit and Wisdom of Cinema City_ event held at the Hong Kong Film Archive in 2016
- **birth name**: Lau Wai-sing
劉偉成 (Traditional Chinese characters, Traditional)
刘伟成 (Simplified Chinese characters, Simplified)
Liú　Ｗěi　Ｃhéng (Standard Chinese, Mandarin)
Ｌau4 Wai2 Sing4 (Cantonese)
- **birth place**: Beijing, China
- **occupation**: Actor, film producer, film director, screenwriter, film presenter
- **years active**: 19681992
- **spouse**: Lau Chun-yue (19792021)
Gulraiz Akhtar

**Gulraiz Akhtar** (2 February 1943 – 1 November 2021) was a Pakistani field hockey player. He was born in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He won his first gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

## Position

Gulraiz used to play on left-half position.
Jonathan Gledhill

**Jonathan Michael Gledhill** (14 February 1949 – 1 November 2021) was an English Anglican clergyman. He was the Bishop of Southampton from 1996 to 2003, and the Bishop of Lichfield from 2003 to 2015. He was born in Windsor, Berkshire, England.

He announced he had Parkinson's disease, shortly before his retirement from ministry in 2015. Gledhill died on 1 November 2021, at the age of 72.
Yuri Klepikov

**Yuri Nikolaevich Klepikov**  (; 24 August 1935 – 1 November 2021) was a Russian screenwriter and actor. His career began in 1966. A screenwriter, he was known for his works in _The Story of Asya Klyachina_ (1966), _The Seventh Companion_ (1967), _Mama Married_ (1969), _Dauria_ (1971), _The Ascent_ (1976) and _Boys_ (1983).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Yuri Klepikov
- **birth place**: Chelyabinsk, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
- **death place**: Saint Petersburg, Russia
- **occupation**: Screenwriter, actor
- **yearsactive**: 1966–2021
Seeco Patterson

**Alvin "Seeco" Patterson** (born **Francisco Willie**, 30 December 1930 – 1 November 2021) was a Cuban-born Jamaican percussionist. He was a member of The Wailers Band. He was born Havana, Cuba.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Alvin "Seeco" Patterson.jpg
- **name**: Alvin "Seeco" Patterson
- **birth name**: Francisco Willie
- **alias**: Alvin "Seeco" Patterson, Seeco, Pep, Willie Pep
- **origin**: Kingston, Jamaica
- **instrument**: Percussions (bongo drum, congas, tambourine, Cowbell (instrument), cowbell, etc.)
- **genre**: Reggae
- **occupation**: Percussionist
- **years active**: 1969–1990
- **associated acts**: Bob Marley & The Wailers, The Wailers Band
Sabah Fakhri

**Sabah al-Din Abu Qaws** (), also known as **Sabah Fakhri** (; May 2, 1933 – November 2, 2021), was a Syrian tenor singer. He was well known for his strong vocals. His songs were seen as Maqamat and harmonic.

In 1998, Fakhri became a member of the Syrian parliament.

## Works

- _Yā Hādī al-‘Ess_ / _Mālek Yā Ḥelwa(t) Mālek_
- _Khamrat el-Ḥobb_
- _Yā Ṭīra(t) Ṭīrī_
- _Fōg el-Nakhal_ (Iraqi song)
- _’Adduka al-Mayāss_
- _Yā Māl el-Shām_
- _Muwashshaḥ Imlīlī_ / _Yā Shādī el-Alḥān_
- _Eba‘atlī Jawwāb_
- _Ah Yā Ḥelō_

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Sabah Fakhri
- **native name**: صباح فخري
- **native name lang**: ara
- **birth name**: Ṣabaḥ al-Din Abu Qaws
- **birth place**: Aleppo, Syria
- **genre**: Music of Syria, Syrian, Arabic Music, Muwashahat, Qudud Halabiya
- **occupation**: Singer
- **instrument**: Vocals
- **years active**: 1965–2010
- **death place**: Lebanon
Hiroshi Ogawa (politician)

was a Japanese politician. He became the governor of Fukuoka Prefecture in 2011. In 2015, he was re-elected for a second term and for a third term in 2019. Ogawa was born in Fukuoka, Japan.

In September 2021, Ogawa resigned after being diagnosed with terminal lung cancer. He died from the disease on 2 November 2021 in Fukuoka, aged 72.
Viktor Putyatin

**Viktor Putyatin** (; 12 September 1941 – 2 November 2021) was a Soviet fencer. He won silver medals in the team foil events at the 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics. Putyatin was born in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union.

Putyatin died in Kyiv, Ukraine on 2 November 2021, aged 80.
Bruce Harrell

**Bruce Allen Harrell** (born October 10, 1958) is an American politician and attorney. He is the Mayor of Seattle since 2022. He was the mayor before for a short time in 2017. He was a member of the Seattle City Council. He was first elected to the city council in 2007 and was re-elected in 2011 and 2015, and did not run again in 2019. Harrell narrowly lost re-election to activist Katie Wilson in the 2025 mayoral election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bruce Harrell
- **image**: Bruce Harrell 2020.jpg
- **office**: 57th Mayor of Seattle
- **term start**: January 1, 2022
- **predecessor**: Jenny Durkan
- **successor**: Katie Wilson (elect)
- **term label1**: Acting
- **term start1**: September 13, 2017
- **term end1**: September 18, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Ed Murray (Washington politician), Ed Murray
- **successor1**: Tim Burgess (politician), Tim Burgess
- **office3**: Member of the Seattle City Council
- **constituency3**: District 2
- **term start3**: January 3, 2016
- **term end3**: January 6, 2020
- **predecessor3**: Kshama Sawant
- **successor3**: Tammy Morales
- **constituency4**: Position 3
- **term start4**: January 3, 2008
- **term end4**: January 3, 2016
- **predecessor4**: Peter Steinbrueck
- **successor4**: Kshama Sawant
- **office2**: President of the Seattle City Council
- **term start2**: January 5, 2016
- **term end2**: January 5, 2020
- **predecessor2**: Tim Burgess
- **successor2**: Lorena González
- **birth name**: Bruce Allen Harrell
- **birth place**: Seattle, Washington (state), Washington, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Joanne Harrell
- **education**: University of Washington (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Juris Doctor, JD)
City University of Seattle (Master of Science, MS)
Ed Gainey

**Edward C. "Ed" Gainey** (born February 19, 1970) is an American Democratic politician. He is the 61st Mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania since 2022. He is a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives since 2013. He was elected mayor in 2021. He lost his re-election primary bid to Corey O'Connor in 2025.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ed Gainey
- **image**: Ed Gainey (51832725053).jpg
- **office**: 61st List of mayors of Pittsburgh, Mayor of Pittsburgh
- **term start**: January 3, 2022
- **predecessor**: Bill Peduto
- **successor**: Corey O'Connor _(elect)_
- **state house1**: Pennsylvania
- **district1**: Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 24, 24th
- **term start1**: January 1, 2013
- **term end1**: January 3, 2022
- **predecessor1**: Joseph Preston Jr.
- **successor1**: Martell Covington
- **birth place**: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Michelle Coburn
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Morgan State University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Mattie Parker

**Mattie Parker** (born 1983 or 1984) is an American politician. She has been the Mayor of Fort Worth, Texas since 2021. She was the youngest mayor of a major American city when she was elected.

Parker was elected mayor after winning 54% of the vote in the 2021 election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mattie Parker
- **image**: Mattie Parker.jpg
- **office**: 45th Mayor of Fort Worth, Texas, Mayor of Fort Worth
- **term start**: June 15, 2021
- **predecessor**: Betsy Price
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **education**: University of Texas, Austin (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Texas A&M University School of Law,  Texas A&M University (Juris Doctor, JD)
Tishaura Jones

**Tishaura Oneda Jones** ( ; born March 10, 1972) is an American politician. She was the Mayor of St. Louis, Missouri from 2021 until. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Jones was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 2008, serving until 2013. She was Treasurer of St. Louis from 2013 to 2021. She lost her re-election campaign to Cara Spencer in 2025.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tishaura Jones
- **image**: Tishaura Jones crop.jpg
- **alt**: Jones speaking at a New America forum, wearing a tweed coat and a pearl necklace
- **office**: 47th Mayor of St. Louis
- **term start**: April 20, 2021
- **term end**: April 15, 2025
- **predecessor**: Lyda Krewson
- **successor**: Cara Spencer
- **office1**: Treasurer of St. Louis
- **term start1**: January 1, 2013
- **term end1**: April 20, 2021
- **predecessor1**: Larry Williams
- **successor1**: Adam Layne
- **state house2**: Missouri
- **district2**: 63rd
- **term start2**: January 2009
- **term end2**: January 2013
- **predecessor2**: Robin Wright-Jones
- **successor2**: Bryan Spencer
- **birth name**: Tishaura Oneda Jones
- **birth place**: St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 1
- **education**: Hampton University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Saint Louis University (Master of Health Administration, MHA)
- **website**:
Shontel Brown

**Shontel M. Brown** (born June 24, 1975) is an American politician. She is a member of the United States House of Representatives for Ohio's 11th congressional district since 2021. She is a member of the Democratic Party. She was also a member of the Cuyahoga County Council from 2015 until 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Shontel Brown
- **image**: Shontel Brown, official portrait (119th Congress).jpg
- **state**: Ohio
- **term start**: November 4, 2021
- **predecessor**: Marcia Fudge
- **office1**: Member of the Cuyahoga County Council
from the 9th district
- **term start1**: January 1, 2015
- **term end1**: November 4, 2021
- **predecessor1**: Ellen Connally
- **successor1**: Meredith Turner
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: Cuyahoga Community College (Associate of Science, AS)
Jack Ciattarelli

**Jack M. Ciattarelli** (born December 12, 1961) is an American politician and businessman. He was the Republican nominee for governor in the 2025 gubernatorial election. He was the party's nominee before for the 2021 election.

Ciattarelli was in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2011 to 2018. He is a Republican. He finished second in the primary race for governor in 2017, to Kim Guadagno.

Ciattarelli won the Republican gubernatorial nomination on June 8, 2021. He ran against Democratic Governor Phil Murphy in the general election on November 2. He narrowly lost the election to Governor Murphy, in a race that was closer than expected. Shortly afterwards, he said he would run for governor again in 2025. He won the nomination again in June 2025. His campaign is supported by President Donald Trump. He lost the election in November to Democratic congresswoman Mikie Sherrill.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jack Ciattarelli
- **image**: Jack Ciattarelli.jpg
- **caption**: Ciattarelli in 2016
- **state assembly**: New Jersey
- **district**: New Jersey's 16th legislative district, 16th
- **term start**: December 5, 2011
- **term end**: January 9, 2018
- **predecessor**: Peter J. Biondi
- **successor**: Roy Freiman
- **birth place**: Somerville, New Jersey, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 4
- **education**: Seton Hall University (Bachelor of Science, BS, Master of Business Administration, MBA)
Felicia Moore

**Felicia A. Moore** is an American Democratic politician. She is the President of the Atlanta City Council since 2017.

On January 28, 2021, Moore announced her candidacy for Mayor of Atlanta in the 2021 Atlanta mayoral election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Felicia Moore
- **image**: FeliciaMoore2017.png
- **office**: President of the Atlanta City Council
- **term start**: January 2, 2018
- **predecessor**: Ceasar Mitchell
- **office1**: Member of the Atlanta City Council
from the 9th district
- **term start1**: January 1998
- **term end1**: January 2, 2018
- **predecessor1**: Jared Samples
- **successor1**: Dustin Hillis
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: Central State University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Central Michigan University (Master of Science, MS)
Franconia, New Hampshire

**Franconia** is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. At the 2020 census, 1,083 people lived there.

## Other websites

- New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
Justin Bibb

**Justin Bibb** (born April 26, 1987) is an American nonprofit leader, businessman and politician. He is the Mayor of Cleveland since 2022. He is the co-chair of Teach for America.

In January 2021, Bibb announced his candidacy for Cleveland Mayor in the 2021 election. He was elected in a landslide victory in November, becoming Cleveland's 4th African American mayor.

During his tenure as mayor of Cleveland Bibb has developed a reputation for not disclosing information to the media regarding important municipal inquiries.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Justin Bibb
- **office**: 58th Mayor of Cleveland
- **term start**: January 2, 2022
- **predecessor**: Frank G. Jackson
- **birth name**: Justin Morris Bibb
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: American University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Case Western Reserve University (Juris Doctor, JD, Master of Business Administration, MBA)
Great Falls, Virginia

**Great Falls** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States.  The population as of the 2020 census was 15,953.
Jason Miyares

**Jason Stuart Miyares** (born February 11, 1976) is an American politician and attorney who was the 48th attorney general of Virginia from 2022 until 2026. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 2016 to 2022. Miyares is the first Latino elected to this office, as well as a statewide office in Virginia.

In November 2025, Miyares lost his re-election campaign to former Democratic state legislator Jay Jones.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jason Miyares
- **image**: Attorney General Jason Miyares (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Miyares in 2025
- **office**: 48th Attorney General of Virginia
- **governor**: Glenn Youngkin
- **term start**: January 15, 2022
- **term end**: January 17, 2026
- **predecessor**: Mark Herring
- **successor**: Jay Jones
- **state delegate1**: Virginia
- **district1**: Virginia's 82nd House of Delegates district, 82nd
- **term start1**: January 13, 2016
- **term end1**: January 12, 2022
- **predecessor1**: Bill DeSteph
- **successor1**: Anne Ferrell Tata
- **birth name**: Jason Stuart Miyares
- **birth place**: Greensboro, North Carolina, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Page Atkinson
- **children**: 3
- **education**: James Madison University (Bachelor of Business Administration, BBA)
College of William and Mary (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **signature**: Jason S. Miyares Signature.png