juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The King of Queens

***The King of Queens*** was an American television series set in Queens, New York City. The series was shown for nine seasons, from 1998 to 2007. After the last episode was broadcast on May 14, 2007, _The King Of Queens_ became the last American live action sitcom that began in the 1990s to end its run.

## Characters

- Doug Heffernan (played by Kevin James): Doug is a driver for the package delivery company, IPS (International Parcel Service), a spin-off of UPS. His actions are often caused by acting like a little kid and his love of food. He often develop bizarre schemes to get what he wants and more than likely lies to his wife, Carrie, in the process.
- Carrie Heffernan (played by Leah Remini): Carrie is Doug's wife. She never went to college, but works as a secretary for a law firm and later a real estate agency. Originally born as Simone Spooner, her name was traded for Carrie after her father lost it in a card game. She is known for being bossy and mean towards others, especially Doug.
- Arthur Spooner (played by Jerry Stiller): Carrie's widowed father. After losing his home in a fire, Carrie decided to have him live in the Heffernan's basement from then on.
- Deacon Palmer (played by Victor Williams): He is Doug's best friend, Deacon is the more responsible of the two.
- Spence Olchin (played by Patton Oswalt): Spence is another friend of Doug's. He is often viewed as the nerd of the group and lives with his mother.
- Danny Heffernan (played by Gary Valentine): Danny Heffernan is Doug's cousin. He is also seen hanging out with Doug, Spence, and Deacon.
- Holly Shumpert (2001–2005, 2007) (played by Nicole Sullivan): Holly is a cheerful, yet insecure dog-walker. She was hired by Doug and Carrie to walk Arthur.
- Richie Ianucchi (1998–2001) (played by Larry Romano): Was one of Doug's friends before leaving in the third season to go to another sitcom.

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Sitcom
- **opentheme**: "Baby All My Life I Will Be Driving Home To You" by Billy Vera <small>(1999–07)</small>
- **endtheme**: "Baby All My Life I Will Be Driving Home To You" (instrumental) <small>(season 2)</small>
- **composer**: Andrew Gross (seasons 1-2)
Jonathan Wolff (musician), Jonathan Wolff
Rich Ragsdale
Kurt Farquhar (2000–07)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 9
- **num episodes**: 207
- **list episodes**: List of The King of Queens episodes
- **producer**: Jim Kukucka
- **camera**: Multiple-camera setup, Multi-camera
- **runtime**: 21–22 minutes
- **network**: CBS
Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue

***Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue*** is a video game being made by Vivendi Games. It is part of the Barbie franchise.

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue
- **developer**: Blitz Games
Mobius Entertainment (GBA)
- **publisher**: Vivendi Universal Games
- **genre**: Adventure game
- **modes**: Single-player
- **platforms**: Xbox, PlayStation 2, Game Boy Advance
Barbie Horse Adventures: Riding Camp

***Barbie Horse Adventures: Riding Camp*** is a video game made by Activision for the Nintendo DS and PC in 2008. It is part of the Barbie franchise. The game is the sequel to _Barbie Horse Adventures: Wild Horse Rescue_.

## Other websites

- Activision press release

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Barbie Horse Adventures: Riding Camp
- **genre**: Action adventure game,
children's game,
racing video game, racing game,
roleplaying game
- **modes**: Single-player
- **platforms**: Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii, Xbox 360
Olm

The **olm** or **proteus** (_Proteus anguinus_) is an amphibian, native to the underground waters of the Dinaric karst that flow through the Soča river basin near Trieste in Italy, through to southern Slovenia, southwestern Croatia, and Herzegovina. It is the only species in the genus _Proteus_, the only European species of the family Proteidae, and the only European cave-dwelling chordate. It is also called the human fish or humanfish, because of its human-like skin (translated literally from Slovenian: _Človeška ribica_ and Croatian: _Čovječja ribica_), Cave Salamander, or White Salamander.
Encyclical

An **encyclical** originally was a letter sent by a bishop to all churches of a particular area.

In the Roman Catholic Church, the term is only used for letters sent by popes.

The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Anglican Communion still use the word in its original meaning.
Pontifical Academy of Sciences

The **Pontifical Academy of Sciences** dates back four centuries to its creation as the **Accademia dei Lincei** in 1603. Pope Pius IX changed the name to the **Pontifical Academy of the New Lincei** in 1847 to signify its new status as an official institution of the Pontifical State. Nearly a century later, it was reorganized as the Pontifical Academy of Science on October 28, 1936, by Pope Pius XI in a Motu proprio **In multis solaciis** (Latin "Among the many consolations").

## Mission

Although it reports directly to the Pontiff, the academy has considerable freedom in conducting its mission: the study of Science and the possible consequences for the human condition. Christian belief is not a prerequisite for membership to the academy, because first and foremost, it is a legitimate Scientific body that follows the Scientific Method. As of 2003 more than two dozen Nobel Prize winners (including Professor Ahmed Zewail, Chemistry 1999) and several Field Medal winners were counted as members. Plenary sessions are interdisciplinary events held every other year to review new developments and discus progress made towards their mission. Common working groups include astronomy and cosmology, cognition and brain science, and genetics.

## Reorganization

- _In multis solaciis_, issued 28 October 1936 by Pope Pius XI, on the topic of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

## Other websites

- Libreria Editrice Vaticana (1936): In multis solaciis
- The Pontifical Academy of Sciences official website
Malik Ghulam Muhammad

**Ghulam Muhammad** (20 April 1895 - 12 September 1956, ) served as third Governor-General of Pakistan from 1951 until 1955, and was also the 1st Finance Minister shortly before his death in 1956.
Igbo people

The **Igbo people** (Igbo: ** Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò**) or Ndi Oru na Igbo (Ndi Orunigbo) are an ethnic group in West Africa. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. The Igbo speak the Igbo language (Igbo: _Ásụ̀sụ̀ Ị̀gbò_). The Igbo people are found in Southeastern Nigeria, in an area referred to as Igboland (Igbo: _Àlà Ị̀gbò_). There are some Igbos in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.

There are major amounts of Igbo people found in other countries that are not in Africa. This is because some Igbos have moved to other countries and because they were forced to go to other countries by the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.

They live in decently large communities in countries such as the United States, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Barbados, Bahamas, and the United Kingdom.
Iskander Mirza

Major-General **Iskander Mirza**, CIE, OBE, or Iskander Mirza (, November 13, 1899 – November 12, 1969) was the last Governor-General of the Dominion of Pakistan (October 6, 1955 to March 23, 1956) and the first President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (March 23, 1956 to October 27, 1958).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Iskander Mirza
- **image**: Iskander Mirza.jpg
- **order**: 1st President of Pakistan
- **term start**: March 23, 1956
- **term end**: October 27, 1958
- **successor**: Ayub Khan
- **birth date**: November 13, 1899
- **birth place**: Murshidabad, British India
- **death place**: London, UK
- **party**: Republican PartghYDTfvxhj\
y
- **spouse**: Rifa'at Begum
Naheed Begum
Ayub Khan

General **Muhammad Ayub Khan** (14 May 1907 – 19 April 1974) was a general of the Pakistan Army and a self-proclaimed Field Marshal during the mid-1960s. A dictator who imposed martial law he also became the President of Pakistan from 1958 to 1969. He became Pakistan's first native Commander-in-Chief in 1951. He was the youngest full-rank general and self-appointed Field Marshal in Pakistan's military history.

Khan became president in 1958 as part of a non-violent coup. In the 1965 presidential election, people thought that Khan had cheated so he could win against Fatimah Jinnah.

## Other websites

- www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ayub Khan

- **order**: 2nd President of Pakistan
- **image**: Muhammed Ayub Khan.JPG
- **caption**: Muhammed Ayub Khan
- **predecessor**: Iskander Mirza
- **primeminister**: None
- **successor**: Yahya Khan
- **birth name**: Muhammad Ayub Khan
- **birth place**: Haripur District (now in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
- **death place**: Islamabad, Pakistan
- **citizenship**: British Indian Empire

- **alma mater**: Royal Military College, Sandhurst
- **branch**:

- **serviceyears**: 1928–1958
- **rank**:   Field Marshal
- **term start**: 27 October 1958
- **term end**: 25 March 1969
- **order3**: Minister of Defence
- **term start3**: 28 October 1958
- **term end3**: 21 October 1966
- **predecessor3**: Muhammad Ayub Khuhro, Ayub Khuhro
- **successor3**: Afzal Rahman Khan, Vice-Admiral Afzal Rahman Khan
- **term start4**: 24 October 1954
- **term end4**: 11 August 1955
- **predecessor4**: Muhammad Ali Bogra
- **successor4**: Chaudhry Muhammad Ali
- **primeminister4**: Khawaja Nazimuddin
Muhammad Ali Bogra
- **order5**: Minister of the Interior
- **term start5**: 23 March 1965
- **term end5**: 17 August 1965
- **predecessor5**: Khan Habibullah Khan, K. Habibullah Khan
- **successor5**: Chaudhry Ali Akbar Khan, Ali Akbar Khan
- **order6**: Commander in Chief of Pakistan Army
- **term start6**: 16 January 1951
- **term end6**: 27 October 1958
- **predecessor6**: General Douglas Gracey
- **successor6**: General Muhammad Musa Khan Hazara
- **order7**: President of Pakistan Muslim League
- **term start7**: 1962
- **term end7**: 1969
- **predecessor7**: Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar, I. I. Chundrigar
- **successor7**: Nurul Amin
Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry

**Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry** () (January 1, 1904 - June 2, 1982) was President of Pakistan from August 14, 1973 until he left on September 16, 1978.
Bad Liebenwerda

**Bad Liebenwerda** is a spa town in the Elbe-Elster district, in southwestern Brandenburg, Germany. It is on the river Schwarze Elster, 57 km northwest of Dresden, and 28 km east of Torgau.

## History

The first written mention is from 1231, as _Lievenwerde_. The meaning of the name is _Liev_, or _Lieb_ for life or loveley, and -_werde_ from _werda_ means island, high place in a wather. In the document of 1231, is also mentioned an Otto of Ileburg, Vogt of Lievenwerde, and a Plebanus Walterus, a priest. Liebenwerda had a Water castle with a Keep called Lubwarttower. the first mention as Liebenwerda as a city is from 1304. Liebenwerda was part of the Electorate of Saxony and Kingdom of Saxony till 1815. In reason of the Congress of Vienna the area became part of the Kingdom of Prussia as district Liebenwerda. Since 1905, has Liebenwerda a spa clinical and since 1925, has Liebenwerda the word _Bad_ as a part of the name.

## Culture and architecture

Bad Liebenwerda is home of the Gothic church of St. Nikolai. The tower of the church was rebuilt at the end of the 19th century after lightning struck the tower and caused a fire.
The Lubwarttower (Lubwartturm) is the oldest building in town. The tower was built around 1207, as part of the water castle. Next to this tower is the museum with an exposition about  Carl Heinrich Graun and his brothers. Also is there an exposition about Marionettes, other puppets and the puppet-players of south-east of Germany.
Bad Liebenwerda has a beautiful little park.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image coa**: DEU Bad Liebenwerda COA.svg
- **image photo**: Schlossstrasse bad Liebenwerda.JPG
- **image caption**: The Lubwartturm, Bad Liebenwerda
- **image plan**: Bad Liebenwerda in EE.png
- **state**: Brandenburg
- **district**: Elbe-Elster
- **elevation**: 86
- **area**: 138.41
- **population**: 10573
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 04924
- **area code**: 035341
- **licence**: EE, FI, LIB
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 12 0 62 024
- **mayor**: Thomas Richter
- **bürgermeistertitel**: Bürgermeister
- **party**: CDU
Ghulam Ishaq Khan

**Ghulam Ishaq Khan** (abbreviated as GIK) (Urdu/Pashto: غلام اسحاق خان) (January 20, 1915 – October 27, 2006) was President of Pakistan from August 17, 1988 until July 18, 1993.

A university called GIKI is also on the name of Ghulam Ishaq Khan

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ghulam Ishaq Khan
- **office**: 7th President of Pakistan
- **image**: Ghulam Ishaq Khan (cropped).JPG
- **term start**: 17 August 1988
- **term end**: 18 July 1993

- **predecessor**: Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
- **primeminister**: Benazir Bhutto
Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi, Ghulam Mustafa
 Balakh Sher Mazari
Nawaz Sharif
- **successor**: Farooq Leghari
- **prior term**: Wasim Sajjad
- **office1**: 2nd Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan, Chairman of the Senate
- **term start1**: 21 March 1985
- **term end1**: 12 December 1988
- **deputy1**: Sajjad Hussain Qureshi, Sajjad Hussain
- **predecessor1**: Khan Habibullah Khan, Habibullah Khan
- **successor1**: Wasim Sajjad
- **office2**: 13th Finance, Revenue and Economic Affairs Minister of Pakistan, Minister of Finance, Revenue & Economic Affairs
- **term start2**: 5 July 1977
- **term end2**: 21 March 1985
- **president2**: Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Zia-ul-Haq
- **predecessor2**: Abdul Hafiz Pirzada
- **successor2**: Mahbub ul Haq
- **order3**: Defence Secretary of Pakistan
- **term start3**: 12 October 1975
- **term end3**: 5 July 1977
- **predecessor3**: Fazal Muqeem Khan
- **successor3**: Major-General, Maj-Gen. Ghulam Jilani Khan
- **office4**: Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan), Chief of Army Staff
- **term start4**: 1 March 1976
- **term end4**: 17 August 1988
- **predecessor4**: Tikka Khan
- **successor4**: Mirza Aslam Beg
- **office5**: Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan
- **term start5**: 22 December 1971
- **term end5**: 30 November 1975
- **predecessor5**: Shahkur Ullah Durrani, Shahkur Durrani
- **successor5**: S. Osman Ali, S. O. Ali
- **birth place**: Ismail Khel, North-West Frontier Province, NWFP, British Raj, British India
- **death place**: Peshawar, North-West Frontier Province, NWFP, Pakistan
- **resting place**: Pawaka Graveyard University Town, Peshawar
- **nationality**: (1916–1947)
 (1947–2006)
- **alma mater**: University of Peshawar

Civil Services Academy Lahore, Civil Services Academy
K-9 and Company

***K-9 and Company*** was a 1981 television spin-off  of the original series of _Doctor Who_. It featured Sarah Jane Smith, played by Elisabeth Sladen, and K-9(mark 3), a robotic dog. Both characters had been companions of the Fourth Doctor, but they had not appeared together before, Sarah Jane Smith gained a companion/assistant of her own in the show: her aunt's ward Brendan Richards, played by Ian Sears. A single episode,  “A Girl's Best Friend”, was produced, but the series was not taken up, although it would form the basis for Sarah Jane Smith's and K-9's later appearances together in “the five doctors”, “school reunion” and the successful spinoff: “The Sarah Jane adventures”.

The show's theme music was composed by long-term _Doctor Who_ enthusiast and record producer Ian Levine.

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 50 minutes
- **producer**: John Nathan-Turner
- **starring**: Elisabeth Sladen
John Leeson (voice)
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **network**: BBC1
- **num episodes**: 1
- **related**: _Doctor Who_
_K-9 (TV series), K-9_
Eve Myles

**Eve Myles**  (born 26 July 1978 in Ystradgynlais, Powys), is a Welsh actress. She is most known for playing lead characters in _Belonging_ and _Doctor Who_ spin-off series _Torchwood_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Eve Myles
- **image**: File:Eve Myles 2013.jpg
- **caption**: Myles at the _Man of Steel (film), Man of Steel_ red carpet premiere in Sydney (2013)
- **birth place**: Ystradgynlais, Powys, Wales
- **occupation**: Actress
- **alma mater**: Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama
- **years active**: 1999–present
- **children**: 3
Gareth David-Lloyd

**Gareth David-Lloyd** (born 28 March 1981) is a Welsh actor. He is best known for his role as Ianto Jones in the British science fiction television programme _Torchwood_.

## Biography

He was born Gareth David Lloyd in Bettws, Newport. His first acting role was as a robot in a school play. When he was a teenager, he joined the Gwent Young People's Theatre in Abergavenny and The Dolman Youth Theatre in Newport.

While he was there, he appeared in several plays, including _Henry V_, in which he played the most important character. He studied at Coleg Gwent and then trained at the National Youth Theatre, before moving to Reading.

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Gareth David-Lloyd
- **image**: Gareth David-Lloyd by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: David-Lloyd in December 2015
- **birthname**: Gareth David Lloyd
- **birth place**: Bettws, Newport, Bettws, Newport, Wales, UK
- **occupation**: Actor
- **children**: 2
Motto

A **motto** is a word, phrase or sentence used to describe the meaning or point of a group or organisation. In the Western world, mottoes are often in Latin.

## Related pages

- Slogan
Crane

**Crane** may mean:

- Crane (name)
- Crane (bird)
- Crane (machine) Industrial machine for lifting

## Given name

- Crane Brinton (1898–1968), American historian
- Crane (musician) (born 1956), . American trumpeter and vocalist
- Crane Kenney, American Major League Baseball executive
- Crane Wilbur (1886–1973), American writer, actor and director

### Barbados

- The Crane, Saint Philip, Barbados

### United States

- Crane, Indiana
- Crane Army Ammunition Activity in Crane, Indiana
- Crane, Missouri
- Crane, Oregon
- Cranesville, Pennsylvania
- Crane, Texas
- Crane, Virginia
- Crane Beach, in Ipswich, Massachusetts
- Crane Island (Washington), one of the San Juan Islands

## Movies

- _The Crane_, a 1992 movie
- _The Cranes Are Flying_, a 1957 movie

## Music

- Cranes (band), a British alternative rock band
- Crane School of Music, a school in Potsdam, New York, United States
Scarlet macaw

The **scarlet macaw** (_Ara macao_) is a type of parrot.  It is native to humid evergreen forests of tropical South America.

Its range is from south-eastern Mexico to Amazonian Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil in lowlands up to   (at least formerly) up to . It has suffered from local extinction through habitat destruction and capture for the parrot trade, but locally it remains fairly common.  It is the national bird of Honduras.

## Other websites

- Scarlet Macaw in-depth research article.
- Tambopata Macaw project  long term research project in south east Peru
- World Parrot Trust  Parrot Encyclopedia — Species Profiles
- Scarlet macaw videos on the Internet Bird Collection
- Page of photographs of Scarlet and green-winged macaws at a clay lick from Parrots International
- Scarlet macaw photo on PBase
- Stamps  (15 countries) with RangeMap

- _Ara macao_ conservation and reintroduction in Costa Rica
- Scarlet macaw in illegal traffic in Nicaragua
- The Scarlet Macaw Genome Project
Vulgar Latin

**Vulgar Latin**, or **Common Latin**, is one of the two types of Latin, an old language that was spoken by the Romans. Vulgar Latin is not spoken anymore, but its many dialects eventually became what are now Romance languages (such as Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese and Romanian). Vulgar Latin was spoken by the regular people (_vulgus_ in Latin means "common"): farmers, workers and others without a great deal of education.

## Origin

Classical Latin is the type of Latin that was first spoken by the Romans. As time went by, fewer and fewer people spoke Classical Latin, and in the end, the language changed to become Vulgar Latin. After a while, only scholars spoke Classical Latin, but books were still written in it.

Latin is no longer spoken as a native language, but many educational institutions teach it as a second language, and many Roman Catholic Church officials are fluent in it.

## Grammar

Vulgar Latin is similar to Classical Latin but has some differences in pronunciation and vocabulary. Latin has five basic cases for nouns,

## Other websites

- Grandgent, Charles Hall, _An introduction to vulgar Latin_ (1907) (.pdf, .djvu) on www.archive.org

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Vulgar Latin
- **altname**: Proto-Romance
- **states**: Roman Republic, Roman Empire
- **era**: Classical antiquity, Antiquity; developed into Romance languages 6th to 9th centuries
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Italic languages, Italic
- **fam3**: Latino-Faliscan languages, Latino-Faliscan
- **fam4**: Latin
- **script**: Latin alphabet
- **map**: Roman Empire Trajan 117AD.png
- **mapcaption**: The Roman Empire in 117 AD
- **isoexception**: historical
- **linglist**: lat-vul
- **glotto**: none
- **notice**: IPA
Snoring

**Snoring** sometimes happens during sleep and it can affect some people more than others, or some not at all. The parts which vibrate during snoring are at the back of the nose and throat. They may partly block the passage of air, so causing the characteristic rumbling sound.

Snoring can be a problem, and tends to get worse with age. It is sometimes best to sleep on the side (left side), which can reduce snoring.

## References

- Nestor, James 2020. _Breath: the new science of a lost art_. Riverhead Books. ISBN 978-0735213616
- Chokroverty S. 2007. _100 Questions & Answers about sleep and sleep disorders_. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p124. ISBN 978-0763741204
Life on Mars (TV series)

***Life on Mars*** is an award winning British science fiction and police drama television series. It was first broadcast on BBC One between January 2006 and April 2007.

The programme tells the story of DCI Sam Tyler of the Manchester Police (played by John Simm), after being hit by a car in 2006, he is in the year 1973. There, he works for Manchester Police CID as a DI under DCI Gene Hunt (played by Philip Glenister). Over the course of the series, Tyler faces various problems, most frequently regarding the differences between his modern approach to policing and the more old-fashioned way of his colleagues. It is unclear whether he is insane, in a coma, or if he really has travelled back in time.

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 60 minutes
- **creator**: Matthew Graham
Tony Jordan
Ashley Pharoah
- **starring**: John Simm
Philip Glenister
Liz White (actress), Liz White
Dean Andrews
Marshall Lancaster
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **network**: BBC One
- **producer**: Kudos (production company), Kudos Film & Television
- **num episodes**: 16
- **list episodes**: List of Life on Mars episodes
Ashes to Ashes (TV series)

***Ashes to Ashes*** is a British television crime drama series set in London. It is a sequel to the 2006-2007 series _Life on Mars_. It is a Kudos Film & Television production for the BBC, and was broadcast on BBC One. It was first shown on 7 February 2008.

Philip Glenister, who plays Gene Hunt, has said in an interview that "he does not think any show featuring his character should be made afterwards."

The second series was broadcast from 20 April - 8 June 2009. The third and final series was shown from 2 April to 21 May 2010.

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Time travel in fiction, Time travel
Police procedural
- **creator**: Matthew Graham
Ashley Pharoah
- **company**: Kudos (production company), Kudos Film & Television
- **starring**: Philip Glenister
Keeley Hawes
Dean Andrews
Marshall Lancaster, Marshall Lancaster
Montserrat Lombard
- **theme music composer**: Edmund Butt
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English language, English
- **num series**: 3
- **num episodes**: 24
- **list episodes**: List of Ashes to Ashes episodes
- **producer**: Beth Willis
- **executive producer**: Jane Featherstone
- **runtime**: 60 minutes
- **network**: BBC One
Butters Stotch

**Leopold "Butters" Stotch** (voiced by Matt Stone) is a popular fictional character in the animated television series _South Park_. His nickname is a play on the word _butterscotch_. The creators have said in more than one DVD commentaries that Butters is one of their "top 3 favorite characters". Butters is based on Eric Stough, the animation director of the show.

## Infobox (character)

- **name**: Butters Stotch
- **series**: South Park
- **first**: "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe" (1997)
- **creator**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
Eric Stough
- **designer**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
- **voice**: Matt Stone
Skylar James Sandak (young)
- **fullname**: Leopold Stotch
- **gender**: Male
- **occupation**: Student, Willy's Chilly Ice Cream Parlor worker, Denny's, Denny's Applebee's Max manager (future)
- **family**: Stephen Stotch (father)
Linda Stotch (mother)
- **relatives**: Grandma Stotch (grandmother)
Budd (uncle)
Nelly (aunt)
- **lbl23**: Residence
- **data23**: South Park, Colorado, United States
- **lbl21**: Birthday
- **data21**: September 11, Lihue, Hawaii
- **species**: Human
- **lbl22**: Aliases
- **data22**: Confederate Messenger Butters
Marjorine
Professor Chaos
Archeologist Butters
Inspector Butters
Postman Butters
Victor Chaos
Mantequilla
- **significantother**: Charlotte (ex-girlfriend)
Stan Marsh

**Stanley David Marsh** is a fictional character in the animated television series _South Park_. He is voiced by  the series co-creator Trey Parker. He is also one of the 4 main characters in the series with Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick. Stan is usually known as the serious and sensitive person of the group. Stan is able to think clearly and is good-natured. Stan usually tries to come up with logical solutions to their outrageous situations.

Stan's character is goody based on the personality of co-creator Trey Parker. He is best friend of Kyle Broflovski and their friendship is important in several episodes.

## Character

Stan lives in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. He and his friends are fourth graders and go to the same elementary school. He lives with his friend Kyle Broflovski. Stan is modeled after his voice actor Trey Parker, and has the same birthday with him on October 19.

## Other websites

- South Park Studios
- South Park Wikia

## Infobox (character)

- **name**: Stan Marsh
- **series**: South Park
- **creator**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
- **designer**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
- **voice**: Trey Parker
- **first**: _The Spirit of Christmas (short film), Jesus vs. Frosty_ (1992, short)
- **fullname**: Stanley Marsh
- **alias**: Toolshed
Billy
Raven
- **occupation**: Former paperboy
student
online whiskey consultant (_South Park: Post COVID_)
Chief Master Sergeant at United States Space Force (revised future in _South Park: Post COVID: The Return of COVID_)
- **family**: Randy Marsh (South Park), Randy Marsh (father)
Sharon Marsh (mother)
Shelly Marsh (sister)
Sparky (pet)
- **relatives**: Marvin Marsh (paternal grandfather)
Grandma Marsh (paternal grandmother)
Jimbo Kern (maternal uncle)
Flo Kimble (great-aunt; deceased)
- **significantother**: Wendy Testaburger (on-again, off-again relationship, on-again, off-again girlfriend; lovers in the revised Future)
- **nationality**: American
- **data23**: South Park, Colorado, United States
- **lbl23**: Residence
Because We Want To

"**Because We Want To**" is a pop song performed by British singer Billie. The song was written by Wendy Page, Jim Marr, D. Rambo and J. Richmond, and produced by Page and Marr for Billie's first album _Honey to the B_ (1998). It was Billie's first single on 29 June 1998 and reached the top ten in Ireland and Sweden. In the UK, the song reached number one and Billie became the youngest artist to release a number one single in the country in over forty years. It was the official song of the 1999 Women's World Cup.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Because We Want To
- **artist**: Billie Piper, Billie
- **album**: Honey to the B
- **b-side**: "G.H.E.T.T.O.U.T."
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **length**: 3:48
- **label**: Innocent Records, Innocent, Virgin Records, Virgin
- **writer**: Skin Games, Wendy Page, Jim Marr, D. Rambo, J. Richmond
- **producer**: Page, Marr
- **next title**: Girlfriend (Billie Piper song), Girlfriend
- **next year**: 1998
Honey to the B

***Honey to the B*** is the first album by pop singer Billie Piper, released in 1998 (see 1998 in music). Billie (she was known at the time only by her first name) was the first British female singer to have a first single start at #1 on the UK pop charts.

## UK track listing

1. "Because We Want To" (Marr/Page/Rambo/Richmond) - 3:48
1. "Girlfriend" (Rambo/Richmond) - 3:50
1. "Officially Yours" (Mitra) - 3:26
1. "She Wants You" (Laws/Sheyne) - 3:38
1. "Love Groove" (Marr/Page/Piper) - 4:29
1. "Party on the Phone" (Marr/Page) - 4:14
1. "Saying I'm Sorry Now" (Rambo/Richmond) - 4:00
1. "You've Got It" (Green/McLaughlin) - 3:43
1. "I Dream" (Marr/Page) - 5:33
1. "Honey to the Bee" (Marr/Page) - 5:03
1. "Whatcha Gonna Do" (Rambo/Richmond) - 4:33
1. "Don't Forget to Remember" (Marr/Page) - 4:47

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Honey to the B
- **type**: Studio Album
- **artist**: Billie Piper
- **released**: 19 October 1998
- **recorded**: 1998
- **genre**: Popular music, Pop
- **length**: 51:04
- **label**: Virgin Records, Virgin
- **producer**: Jim Marr and Wendy Page
- **next title**: Walk of Life
- **next year**: 2000
Scratchy and Co

***Scratchy and Co*** was a CITV television series. It was shown over the different times in the mid to late 1990s:
- May - December 1995
- May - August 1996
- January - April 1997
- January - April 1998

It replaced _What's Up Doc?_ as the Saturday morning ITV show.

It starred Mark Speight as "Scratchy" and Elliot Henderson-Boyle as "Reg". The main gimmick of the series was Speight and Henderson-Boyle wearing "solid rubber wigs" and very unusual jackets. A stylistic of this was similar to _Max Headroom_.
Day & Night (song)

**"Day & Night"** is a single by Billie Piper, released in 2000. The song was Piper's 3rd UK #1 single.

## Track listings

UK Single CD1

Cat. #: SINCD11
1. _ Day & Night (Stargate Mix)_
1. _ Day & Night (Almighty Club Mix)_
1. _ Day & Night (Robbie Rivera's Bombastic)_
1. _ Day & Night Video + Picture Gallery_

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Day & Night
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Billie Piper
- **album**: Walk of Life (album), Walk of Life
- **b-side**: Tinted Eyes
- **released**: 15 May 2000
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **length**: 3:15
- **label**: Innocent Records, Innocent, Virgin Records, Virgin
- **writer**: Billie Piper, Eliot Kennedy, Mark Cawley, Mike Percy (musician), Mike Percy, Tim Lever
- **producer**: Steelworks, Stargate (production team), Stargate
- **prev title**: Thank ABBA for the Music
- **prev year**: 1999
- **next title**: Something Deep Inside
- **next year**: 2000
Walk of Life (album)

***Walk of Life*** is the second album by pop singer Billie Piper, released in 2000. Piper's second album did not match the successful start in terms of album sales despite producing three Top 30 singles - "Day and Night" went to #1 and "Something Deep Inside" managed to get to #4 and "Walk of Life" finishing at #25 on the UK charts.

Despite good reviews, the album was not released in the US. Piper then decided have a break from the music industry and concentrate on acting.

## Track listing

1. "Day & Night"
1. "Something Deep Inside"
1. "Walk of Life"
1. "Safe with Me"
1. "Bring It On"
1. "Ring My Bell"
1. "The Tide Is High"
1. "Run That By Me"
1. "Promises"
1. "Because of You"
1. "What Game Is This?"
1. "Misfocusing"
1. "Makin' My Way (Anyway That I Can) - Pokemon Official Soundtrack"

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Walk of Life
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Billie Piper
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop, dance-pop
- **length**: 41:04
- **label**: Innocent Records, Innocent, Virgin Records, Virgin
- **prev title**: Honey to the B
- **prev year**: 1998
- **next title**: The Best of Billie
- **next year**: 2005
BBC Parliament

**BBC Parliament** is a British television channel from the BBC. It broadcasts live and recorded coverage of the British House of Commons and House of Lords, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly, and occasionally from the General Synod of the Church of England. The channel does not broadcast reports from the European Parliament. It is available on Sky Channel 504, terrestrial (Freeview) Channel 230 and Virgin Media Channel 605.

Before being taken over by the BBC, the channel was known as **The Parliamentary Channel** (from 1992 to 1998).

## Infobox (television channel)

- **logo**: BBC Parliament 2022.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **logo alt**: BBC Parliament Logo
- **picture format**: 576i 16:9 Standard-definition television, SDTV
- **area**: United Kingdom and elsewhere in Europe and United States
- **owner**: BBC
- **terr serv 1**: Freeview (UK), Freeview
- **terr chan 1**: Channel 232
- **sat serv 1**: Freesat
- **sat chan 1**: Channel 201
- **sat serv 2**: Sky UK, Sky <small>(UK only)</small>
- **sat chan 2**: Channel 504
- **sat serv 3**: Astra 2E <small>(Astra 28.2°E, 28.2°E)</small>
- **sat chan 3**: 10788 V 22000 5/6
- **cable serv 1**: Virgin Media <small>(UK)</small>
- **cable chan 1**: Channel 605
- **online serv 1**: BBC iPlayer
- **online chan 1**: [https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/live/bbcparliament Watch live] (UK only)
- **online serv 2**: TVPlayer
- **online chan 2**: [http://www.tvplayer.com/watch/bbcparliament Watch live] (UK only)
County Westmeath

**Westmeath** is a county in the middle of Ireland. Westmeath and Meath once formed a fifth province in Ireland known as Mide. Westmeath is known as the **lakeland county**. Its main town is Mullingar.
Roy Scheider

**Roy Richard Scheider** (November 10, 1932 – February 10, 2008) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as police chief Martin Brody in the 1975 movie _Jaws_, his Academy Award nominated roles as Joe Gideon in the movie _All That Jazz_ and Buddy Russo in _The French Connection_, and as Captain Nathan Bridger in Steven Spielberg's Emmy Award winning television series _seaQuest DSV._ He played "Heywood Floyd " in the 1984 film _2010_.

Scheider's mother was an Irish-American Roman Catholic; his father was a German-American Protestant. Scheider had a daughter from his first marriage, and a son and daughter from his second marriage. He had a form of cancer called multiple myeloma, and died of an staphylococcal infection, aged 75.

## Other websites

- The Roy Scheider Resource
- Obituary  in The Times
- Roy Scheider  at the Starpulse Biography site
- Roy Scheider  at _The New York Times_
- Roy Scheider - Obituary and public tribute
- Plum TV Hamptons Tribute
- William Friedkin on Roy Scheider

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Roy Scheider
- **image**: Roy Scheider 2007.jpg
- **caption**: Scheider in Krakow, Poland on April 28, 2007 during the production of _Iron Cross_
- **birthname**: Roy Richard Scheider
- **birth place**: Orange, New Jersey, Orange, New Jersey, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Little Rock, Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.
- **death cause**: Staphylococcal infection caused by multiple myeloma
- **occupation**: Actor
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **alma mater**: Rutgers University
Franklin & Marshall College
- **spouse**: Cynthia Bebout Scheider (1962–1989, divorced)
Brenda Siemer Scheider (1989–2008, his death)
- **children**: 3, including Christian Scheider
- **parents**: Roy Scheider
Anna (née Crosson)
- **yearsactive**: 1952–2008
Platform game

A **platform game**, or **platformer**, is a genre of video game. Platformer gameplay is about jumping between platforms or over obstacles. The player controls these jumps and must use skill to avoid their character falling off of platforms or missing jumps.  This kind of gameplay, even in other genres, is called "platforming". Games where jumping is not controlled by the player, such as _The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time_, are not thought of as platform games.

Platform games began as 2D in the early 1980s, and 3D platformers became popular in the mid-1990s. The name describes games where jumping on platforms is a large part of the gameplay. However, platforming is not a pure genre, and often there are other types of genres mixed into it. For example, in a game like _Metroid_, the player controls a character not only to navigate obstacles, but to fight enemies.

As long as the actually jumping remains a main part of the gameplay, the game can still correctly be called a platformer. Because of this, there are many different types of platformers.
Relaxation

**Relaxation** is a process or behavior where someone relaxes. The goal is to become calmer and less anxious, stressed or angered. Relaxation can also lower muscle tension, blood pressure and slow heart and breath rates, among other health benefits.
Piranha

The **piranha** (also known as the **caribe** or **piraña**) is a ferocious, schooling, fresh-water fish.

It is native to warm lowland streams and lakes in South America, east of the Andes Mountains. Piranhas have been introduced to other places, including Northern Brazil, Hawaii, and parts of Central and North America. There are many species of piranha they belong to the genera _Pygocentrus_ and _Serrasalmus_. They reproduce by laying eggs.

## Diet

Piranhas are opportunistic carnivores (flesh-eaters). They eat aquatic and land animals that are in the water. Some of the prey includes fish, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, birds, lizards, amphibians, rodents, and carrion (dead meat that they find). These fish are diurnal (most active during the day).

## Predators

Many animals prey upon piranhas (especially young piranhas), including other piranhas, caimans, water snakes, turtles, birds, otters, and people.
Maximilian Kolbe

**Maximilian Kolbe** (8 January 1894 – 14 August 1941) was a Polish Franciscan priest (Conventual Franciscan). He is known for volunteering to die in place of another prisoner, Franciszek Gajowniczek, at the Auschwitz concentration camp in 1941.

## Early life

Kolbe was born in Zduńska Wola, Poland (then part of the Russian Empire). He was baptized _Raymund_. He joined the Conventual Franciscans and was ordained a priest in 1918.

## Work

In 1917, Kolbe helped to start the association _Militia of the Immaculata_ (_Militia Immaculatae_) in Rome.
He set up a large friary and printing house at Niepokalanów, near Warsaw, which printed the monthly magazine _Rycerz Niepokalanej_ (_Knight of the Immaculate_).
In 1930 he opened a mission house in Nagasaki, Japan, where a Japanese edition of the magazine (_Seibo no Kishi_) began to appear.

## Immaculata Militia

In 1917 Kolbe started a Catholic group called the Immaculata Militia (Militia Immaculatae). Its members consecrate themselves to the Virgin Mary and try to bring other people to Jesus through her. Kolbe used printing, radio, and new monasteries, including one in Japan, to spread this movement. The group is still active in many countries today.

## Arrest and death

During World War II, Kolbe was arrested by the German authorities and sent to Auschwitz. In July 1941 he offered to take the place of a prisoner chosen to die after an escape from the camp. After two weeks without food and water, he was killed on 14 August 1941 by a lethal injection.

## Veneration

Kolbe was beatified on 17 October 1971 and canonized on 10 October 1982. His feast day is 14 August.

## Related pages

- Immaculata Militia
- Auschwitz concentration camp
- Catholic Church
Hans Kleppen

**Hans Kleppen** (16 March 1907 – 12 April 2009) was a Norwegian who was a ski jumper in the 1920s. He won a bronze medal at the 1929 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Zakopane.

Kleppen, from Bø i Telemark, became 100 years old in March 2007 and, having been part of the 1928 Winter Olympics, was Norway's oldest living Olympian.

## Other websites

- Report on Hans Kleppen's 101st birthday  (Norwegian)
In the End

"**In The End**" is a song by Linkin Park. It appeared on their first album, _Hybrid Theory_. It was the fourth single from the album.

## Personnel

**Linkin Park**
- Chester Bennington – vocals
- Mike Shinoda – rap vocals, piano, sampler, beats programming
- Brad Delson – guitars, bass
- Joe Hahn – sampler, turntables
- Rob Bourdon – drums
**Production**
- Produced by Don Gilmore
- Executive producer: Jeff Blue
- Mixed at Soundtrack, NYC

### Weekly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2001–2002)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|4||||
|8||||
|14||||
|99||||
|align="center"|49|||

|scope="col"|Chart (2017)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|8||||
|10||||
|23||||
|11||||
|14||||

|scope="col"|Chart (2020–2024)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|66||||

### Monthly charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2024)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|38||||

### Year-end charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2001)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|94||||
|30||||
|131||||
|35||||
|scope="col"|Chart (2002)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|46||||
|83||||
|4||||
|12||||
|89||||
|31||||
|50||||
|27||||
|7||||
|8||||
|2||||
|scope="col"|Chart (2017)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|31||||
|scope="col"|Chart (2021)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|186||||
|scope="col"|Chart (2024)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|101||||
|78||||
|scope="col"|Chart (2025)|scope="col"|Position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|27||||
|52||||

### Decade-end charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2000–2009)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2||||
|2||||
|36||||
|65||||

## Release history

|scope="col"|Region|scope="col"|Date|scope="col"|Format|scope="col"||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|September 11, 2001||||||||
|October 9, 2001||||||||
|November 19, 2001|CD1|||||||
|November 26, 2001|DVD|||||||
|December 3, 2001|CD2|||||||
|March 27, 2002|Mini-album|||||||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: In the End
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Linkin Park
- **album**: Hybrid Theory
- **b-side**: * "Step Up"
* "In the End" (live BBC Radio One)
* "Points of Authority" (live at London Arena, Docklands Arena, London)
* "A Place for My Head" (live at Docklands Arena)
* "Pushing Me Away"
- **released**: October 9, 2001
- **genre**: * Nu metal
* rap rock
* alternative rock
- **label**: Warner Records, Warner Bros.
- **writer**: * Brad Delson
* Chester Bennington
* Joe Hahn
* Mike Shinoda
* Rob Bourdon
- **producer**: Don Gilmore
- **prev title**: Papercut (Linkin Park song), Papercut
- **prev year**: 2001
- **next title**: Pts.OF.Athrty
- **next year**: 2002
In Utero

***In Utero*** is the third and last studio album by the American rock band Nirvana. DGC Records released it on September 21, 1993. Nirvana wanted the album to be different from their last album _Nevermind_ and have a less clean sound. The album was recorded at Pachyderm Studios in Cannon Falls, Minnesota. The band recorded it in two weeks with producer Steve Albini. Producer Scott Litt also made small changes to the sound that Albini had produced.

When the album was released, it went into the _Billboard_ 200 at number one and was well liked by critics. Since its release, the album has sold over 15 million copies.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: In Utero
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Nirvana (band), Nirvana
- **released**: (UK)
 (US)
- **recorded**: February 12–26, 1993
- **studio**: Pachyderm Studio, Pachyderm, Cannon Falls, Minnesota
- **length**: 41:21
- **label**: DGC Records, DGC
- **producer**: Steve Albini
- **prev title**: Incesticide
- **prev year**: 1992
- **next title**: MTV Unplugged in New York
- **next year**: 1994
Scentless Apprentice

"**Scentless Apprentice**" is a song by the American grunge band, Nirvana. It was on their third album, _In Utero_, and a live version was on their live album, _From the Muddy Banks of the Wishkah_. Most of their songs were only written by the singer Kurt Cobain, but this song was written by all three members of the band.

The song was written in 1992. The band originally did not like the song, because it was too much of a generic grunge song, however they soon began to like it. They even thought of releasing it as the second single from _In Utero_ (after "Heart-Shaped Box") but this never happened.

The song is about a book that Kurt Cobain read, _Perfume_. The book and the song are about a boy who is born without body odor but has a strong sense of smell. Soon he becomes a murderer who kills female victims.

In the television show _Lost_, "Scentless Apprentice" is playing on one of the characters' car radios.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Scentless Apprentice
- **artist**: Nirvana (band), Nirvana
- **album**: In Utero
- **recorded**: February 1993
- **genre**: Grunge music, Grunge
- **length**: 3:47
- **writer**: Kurt Cobain, Dave Grohl, and Krist Novoselic
Japan Media Arts Festival

The **Japan Media Arts Festival** is a festival held in Japan. They give awards for art, entertainment, animation, and manga.
Kenny McCormick

**Kenneth James "Kenny" McCormick** is a fictional character in the animated television series _South Park_.

## Appearance

Kenny always wears an orange parka, which partially obscures his face. Kenny's voice is hard to understand because of his parka. This is done mainly because the things he says are usually vulgar, when compared to other characters. Even though his dialogue is not understood by the viewer, Stan, Kyle, and Cartman can understand him clearly.

## Family

Kenny comes from a very poor family. He is the most cosmopolitan of the four boys. Kenny is close friends with Eric Cartman, Stan Marsh, and Kyle Broflovski. The others often ask him to explain sexual terms they do not understand.

## Dying

It was an on-going part during the earlier episodes of the series that Kenny dies in most of the episodes. His death is not permanent. He usually returned for the next episode but characters rarely talk about him having ever died. Kenny's face is always somewhat hidden by his parka or other things that can cover his face.

In one episode in season five, Kenny dies from an illness and is not seen again for another season. During this time, the three boys look for a new fourth member. This included: Timmy Burch (briefly), and Tweek Tweak and Butters Stotch (who both shared the main role of fourth member).

## Infobox (character)

- **color**: #FF8B19
- **name**: Kenny McCormick
- **series**: South Park
- **first**: _The Spirit of Christmas (short film)#Jesus vs. Frosty, Jesus vs. Frosty_ (1992) (short)
- **creator**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
- **designer**: Trey Parker
Matt Stone
- **voice**: Matt Stone
Mike Judge (_South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, Bigger, Longer & Uncut_)
Eric Stough (unhooded)
- **full name**: Kenneth McCormick
- **gender**: Male
- **occupation**: Student, scientist (future)
- **relatives**: List of South Park characters#Grandpa McCormick, Grandpa McCormick (paternal grandfather)
- **nationality**: American
- **lbl23**: Residence
- **data23**: South Park, Colorado, U.S.
- **lbl24**: Died
- **data24**: 126 times
Pedagogy

**Pedagogy** is the art or science of being a teacher and of learning.

The word pedagogy comes from the Greek word _paidagōgeō_, which means "to lead the child."

History: In Ancient Greece, rich men had a slave to instruct their sons as a tutor, or to take them to the academy.  Girls were almost entirely home schooled, but many boys went to school even if they had a tutor.

## Academic degree

An academic degree is sometimes given for pedagogy. In the United States of America and Great Britain, you can earn a degree in education at the Bachelor's (undergraduate; BA or BS) or Master's (graduate; MA or MS) level. You can also earn an advanced degree called either a Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), or a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.); you can also get a degree for specific things, like a Doctor of Music degree in piano pedagogy.

## Criticism

Some people do not like the idea of pedagogy. They say that learning is something that a person does for themselves, not something that a person imposes on another person.

## Related pages

- Education
- Didactic method
- Educational psychology