juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Graphic novel

A **graphic novel** is a type of comic book usually with a long storyline similar to those of novels. The term also encompasses comic short story anthologies, and in some cases bound collections of previously published comic book series (more commonly referred to as trade paperbacks).

Graphic novels are often bound in a better format than the comic magazines, using the same materials and methods as printed books, and are generally sold in bookstores and specialty comic book shops rather than at newsstands. Graphic novels are popular around the world. There are many Latino superheroes in American mainstream comics and graphic novels.

## Types of graphic novels

There are many kinds of graphic novels.  The most popular types are:

- Personal Narratives ("Perzines") are autobiographical stories about person experiences or opinions.
- Non-fiction graphic novels deal with major social issues such as war or immigration.
- Manga are Japanese style comics. People read Manga from top to bottom and right to left. This format comes from the traditional Japanese reading pattern.

## Famous graphic novels

- _Maus: A Survivors Tale, My Father Bleeds History_ by Art Spiegelman. This graphic novel is about the Holocaust.
- _Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood_ by Marjane Satrapi. This is a story about the Islamic revolution of 1979.
- _Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic_ by Alison Bechdel. This tells the story of a gay father who commits suicide. This is an example of a personal narrative.
- Duck: Two Years in the Oil Sands, by Kate Beaton, published September, 2022 by Drawn & Quarterly
- _Road to Perdition_ by Max Allan Collins.  This is a crime story that became a movie starring Tom Hanks and Jude Law.
- Fullmetal Alchemist, a Manga book.

## Further reading

- Tychinski, Stan. Brodart.com: "A Brief History of the Graphic Novel" (2004)
- Couch, Chris. "The Publication and Formats of Comics, Graphic Novels, and Tankobon", _Image & Narrative_ #1 (Dec. 2000)
- Aldama, Frederick Luis. _The Oxford Handbook of Comic Book Studies (_Sept. 2020)
Alan Moore

**Alan Moore** (born 18 November 1953 in Northampton) is an English writer most famous for his influential work in comics, including the acclaimed graphic novels _Watchmen_, _V for Vendetta_ and _From Hell_.

## Awards and recognition

- A number of Jack Kirby Awards
- Nominated for the Comics Buyer's Guide Fan Awards several times, winning for Favorite Writer in 1985, 1986, 1987, 1999, and 2000.
- CBG Fan Award for Favorite Comic Book Story (_Watchmen_) in 1987 and Favorite Original Graphic Novel or Album (_Batman: The Killing Joke_ with Brian Bolland) in 1988.
- Harvey Award for Best Writer for 1988 (for Watchmen), for 1995 and 1996 (for _From Hell_), for 1999 (for his body of work, including _From Hell_ and _Supreme_), for 2000 (for _The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen_), and for 2001 and 2003 (for _Promethea_).
- Eisner Award for Best Writer nine times, since 1988.
- In 1988, Moore and artist Dave Gibbons won a Hugo Award in the category Other Forms for _Watchmen_. The category was created for that year only, via a rarely-used provision that allows the Committee of the Worldcon to create any temporary Additional Category it feels appropriate (no subsequent committee has chosen to repeat this category).
- In 2005, Watchmen had the honour of being the only Graphic Novel to make it onto Time Magazine's **"All-Time 100 Novels"** list.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Alan Moore
- **image**: Alan Moore (2).jpg
- **caption**: Alan Moore on 2 February 2008
- **pseudonym**: Curt Vile, Jill de Ray,
 Translucia Baboon,
 The Original Writer
- **birth place**: Northampton, England,
 United Kingdom
- **occupation**: Comics writer, novelist,
 short story writer, musician, cartoonist, Magician (paranormal), magician, occultist
- **genre**: Science fiction, fiction,
 non-fiction, superhero, horror
- **notableworks**: _Batman: The Killing Joke_
_From Hell_
_Jerusalem (Moore novel), Jerusalem_
_The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen_
_The Ballad of Halo Jones_
_Lost Girls_
_Marvelman_
_Promethea_
_Swamp Thing (comic book), Swamp Thing_
_V for Vendetta_
_Voice of the Fire_
_Watchmen_
_Superman: Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow?_
_For the Man Who Has Everything_
Islamabad Capital Territory

- _For the capital city of Pakistan, see Islamabad._
- _For the third largest city of Indian-occupied Kashmir, see Islamabad Town_
|colspan="2" style="margin-left: inherit; background:#4F7942; color:white;text-align:center; font-size: medium;"|**Islamabad Capital Territory**|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"|Islamabad Capital Territory in Pakistan|||
|align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"|Islamabad Capital Territory in Pakistan (highlighted in dark red)|||
|Territorial capital|Islamabad|||
|Languages|Panjabi <Small>(official and national)</small> Urdu <Small>(official)</small> <Hr> Sindhi Pashto Balochi|||
|Population|1,151,868  Pakistan 2012 Census Preliminary Results  (2012)|||
|Revenue & NFC  - Share in national revenue  - Share receives|% (contribution) % (from fed. govt)|||
|Time zone|PST, UTC+5|||
|Number of zones|8|||
|Number of towns||||
|style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"|Number of UCs|style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"||
|President|Arif Alvi|||
|Prime Minister|Shehbaz Sharif|||
|High Court|Islamabad High Court|||
|align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"|Govt of Islamabad Official Website|||

The **Islamabad Capital Territory** (, ICT for short) is one of the two federal territories of Pakistan. The territory includes Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan.

It covers an area of 1165.5 square kilometers; this mean it is greater in area than Faroe Islands but smaller than Mauritius. Of this area, Islamabad city covers an area of 906 sqkm.

|**Territory flag**||
| --- | --- |
|Flag of Islamabad||
|Emblem of Islamabad||
|Rhesus Macaque||
|Indian rose-ringed parakeet||
|Fern tree||
|Red rose||
|Field hockey||
Lablachère

** Lablachère ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lablachère
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Joyeuse
- **insee**: 07117
- **postal code**: 07230
- **mayor**: Jean-Pierre Laporte
- **term**: 2008-2014
- **elevation m**: 289
- **elevation min m**: 160
- **elevation max m**: 451
- **area km2**: 26.38
- **population**: 1520
- **population date**: 1999
Laboule

** Laboule ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Laboule
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Valgorge
- **insee**: 07118
- **postal code**: 07110
- **mayor**: Jean Pierre Caretti
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Pays Beaume Drobie
- **elevation m**: 550
- **elevation min m**: 393
- **elevation max m**: 1410
- **area km2**: 17.45
- **population**: 132
- **population date**: 2004
Lachamp-Raphaël

** Lachamp-Raphaël ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lachamp-Raphaël
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Antraigues-sur-Volane
- **insee**: 07120
- **postal code**: 07530
- **mayor**: Dominique Allix
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 1329
- **elevation min m**: 1058
- **elevation max m**: 1445
- **area km2**: 14.09
- **population**: 117
- **population date**: 1999
Lachapelle-Graillouse

** Lachapelle-Graillouse ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lachapelle-Graillouse
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Coucouron
- **insee**: 07121
- **postal code**: 07470
- **mayor**: Michel Bernard
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 1120
- **elevation min m**: 868
- **elevation max m**: 1233
- **area km2**: 20.48
- **population**: 237
- **population date**: 1999
Hercules in the Underworld

***Hercules in the Underworld*** is the fourth made-for-TV movie in the series _Hercules: The Legendary Journeys_. When villagers begin disappearing it is discovered that they had fallen through a crack in the earth which goes straight to Hades. Hercules once again comes to the rescue and  faces one of his most difficult challenges, and must prove himself as a man as well as a god.

## Plot synopsis

In the centre of a village the ground begins to open up and a strange green light emanates from within. Two drunken men see the light and walk over to take a closer look. As they approach a gaseous vapour begins pouring out of the fissure and in a flash of light the two men are charred with only their bones remaining.

The following day Hercules is working in the smithy with Nessus, the Centaur. He watches the children playing outside when a woman, Iole, comes looking for him. She says she's from the village of Gryphon and that they need Hercules' help. Hercules agrees to help, but Deianeira tells the girl to rest first.

Hercules and Iole continue onto Gryphon, when they arrive the people take him to the area where the hole has opened up in the ground. He walks through the village seeing fire and destructions and dead bodies strewn on the floor.

With the kiss her memories return and Hercules makes a deal with Hades that if he can capture Cerberus, then Deianeira can go back to Earth with him. Hercules goes after Cerberus, he finds Hades' men trying and failing to capture him. Hercules fights and defeats Cerberus and chains him up again. Once Cerberus is chained the hole in the ground closes up and Deianeira appears. Back on Earth the villagers thank Hercules for helping them and he and Deianeira go home.

## Series Continuity and notes

- Nessus, Hades, and the Cerberus all play into the labors of Hercules, although not in the fashion portrayed here.  The capture of Cerberus was supposedly the last labor of Hercules where he brings Cerberus to the surface world at the demand of King Eurystheus, not a request of Hades.  He returned Cerberus to Hades only after the twelfth labor was completed.
- The scene where Deianara was abducted by the Centaur and where Hercules shot him with an arrow was supposedly the last days of Hercules as a mortal.  When he was caught by the fire, Hercules chose to be cremated alive to hasten his death but was transformed by Zeus into a full god.  Also Deianara is the second wife and her death was by suicide, Megara is the first wife.

## Main cast

- Kevin Sorbo as Hercules
- Tawny Kitaen as Deianeira
- Anthony Quinn as Zeus

## Other websites

- Hercules in the Underworld at Whoosh.org

## Infobox (television)

- **released**: November 7, 1994
- **writer**: Andrew Dettmann
Daniel Truly
- **director**: Bill L. Norton
Lagorce, Ardèche

**Lagorce** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lagorce
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Vallon-Pont-d'Arc
- **insee**: 07126
- **postal code**: 07150
- **mayor**: Jean François Egon
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 130
- **elevation min m**: 96
- **elevation max m**: 700
- **area km2**: 69.49
- **population**: 700
- **population date**: 1999
Lanarce

** Lanarce ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lanarce
- **image**: Außenansicht der Auberge Rouge.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Coucouron
- **insee**: 07130
- **postal code**: 07660
- **mayor**: Giselle Fracchia
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **elevation m**: 1185
- **elevation min m**: 1094
- **elevation max m**: 1412
- **area km2**: 22.37
- **population**: 179
- **population date**: 2006
Lanas

**Lanas** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lanas
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Villeneuve-de-Berg
- **insee**: 07131
- **postal code**: 07200
- **mayor**: Marie France Rivière
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Vinobre
- **elevation m**: 130
- **elevation min m**: 127
- **elevation max m**: 318
- **area km2**: 9.85
- **population**: 325
- **population date**: 1999
Larnas

**Larnas** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Larnas
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Larnas (Ardèche).svg
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Bourg-Saint-Andéol
- **insee**: 07133
- **postal code**: 07220
- **mayor**: Marc Boulay
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Rhône aux gorges de l'Ardèche
- **elevation m**: 250
- **elevation min m**: 120
- **elevation max m**: 364
- **area km2**: 13.5
- **population**: 90
- **population date**: 1999
Laurac-en-Vivarais

** Laurac-en-Vivarais ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Laurac-en-Vivarais
- **image**: Laurac03.jpg
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Laurac-en-Vivarais (Ardèche).svg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Largentière
- **insee**: 07134
- **postal code**: 07110
- **mayor**: Jean-Louis Champetier
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 192
- **elevation min m**: 149
- **elevation max m**: 373
- **area km2**: 8.97
- **population**: 784
- **population date**: 1999
Marzahn

**Marzahn** is a locality within the borough Marzahn-Hellersdorf of Berlin.

Marzahn became part of Greater Berlin in 1920, as a part of the Lichtenberg district. In 1979, the large housing estate of Marzahn was separated from Lichtenberg to become an East Berlin borough in its own right and in 1986 the new Hellersdorf district (including Kaulsdorf and Mahlsdorf) was split from it. Berlin's 2001 administrative reform led to the former boroughs of Marzahn and Hellersdorf fusing into a single new borough.

In the north the locality includes the neighbourhoods of _Bürknersfelde_ and _Ahrensfelde_, an overbuilt strip of land which once belonged to the Brandenburg municipality of Ahrensfelde and was incorporated into Berlin in 1990.

The historic village of Marzahn was first mentioned as _Morczane_ in a 1300 deed by Margrave Albert III of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, when he granted the estates to the Friedland Cistercian abbey (in today's Neuhardenberg). After the Thirty Years' War it fell to Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg.

Marzahn was the site of a labour camp (today a water treatment plant), where Roma were interned from July 16, 1936 on, two weeks prior to the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, away from visitor's eyes. As a part of the  Nazi _Porajmos_ extermination policy, up to 2000 inmates remained there until in 1943 they were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau, where most of them were gassed. In 1941 the large factory of the _Carl Hasse & Wrede_ machine tool company (now Knorr-Bremse) was erected, where hundreds forced labourers were employed. The victims were buried at the nearby _Parkfriedhof_, a memorial marks the site.

In 1987, Marzahn hosted the _Berliner Gartenschau_ a horticulture show on the occasion of Berlin's 750th anniversary. The area today called _Erholungspark Marzahn_ includes the _Gärten der Welt_ (Gardens of the World) project showing a Chinese, Japanese, Balinese and Korean garden, labyrinths modelled on Hampton Court Palace and Chartres Cathedral as well as a garden of the Italian Renaissance.

## Transportation

Marzahn is served by the S-Bahn lines S7 and S75 at the stations _Springpfuhl_, _Poelchaustraße_, _Marzahn_, _Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße_, _Mehrower Allee_ and _Ahrensfelde_. Tramway connections to the inner city are provided by the _M6_ and _M8_ lines of the Berlin Straßenbahn.

## Other websites

- http://www.adam-jones.net/?album=marzahn  Photo essay of the area
Helicobacter pylori

***Helicobacter pylori*** (_H. pylori_)  is a spiral shaped bacterium that lives in or on the lining of the stomach. It causes more than 90 percent of ulcers, which are sores in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). Before 1982, when this bacterium was discovered, doctors thought that spicy food, acid, stress and lifestyle caused most ulcers. Because doctors now know that most ulcers are caused by an _H. pylori_ infection, they can be cured with the correct antibiotics.

_Heliobacter pylori_ was first discovered by Australian scientists, Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren. They won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2005 for their work.
Schöneberg

**Schöneberg** is a locality of Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a separate borough including the locality of Friedenau. Together with the former borough of Tempelhof it is now part of the new borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg.

## History

The village was first documented in 1264 by Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg. In 1751 Bohemian weavers founded **Neu-Schöneberg** also known as **Böhmisch-Schöneberg**, along the current Hauptstraße.

During the Seven Years' War on 7 October 1760 Schöneberg and its village church were completely destroyed by a fire due to the joint attack on Berlin by Austrian and Russian troops.

**Alt & Neu Schöneberg** were combined as one entity in 1874 and received town privileges in 1898. In 1920 Schöneberg became a part of Greater Berlin. Its town hall Rathaus Schöneberg was completed in 1914. After World War II it served as the city hall of West Berlin until 1991 when the administration of the reunited City of Berlin moved back to the Rotes Rathaus in Mitte.

### Born in Schöneberg

- Blixa Bargeld, musician, born 12 January 1959
- Marlene Dietrich, actress, born 27 December 1901, Sedanstraße 65 (today: Leberstraße 65), Rote Insel, died 6 May 1992 in Paris, buried in the Städtischer Friedhof III cemetery, Friedenau
- Gisèle Freund, photographer, born 19 December 1908, Bayerisches Viertel, died 31 March 2000 in Paris
- Wilhelm Furtwängler, conductor, born 25 January 1886, Maaßenstraße 1 at Nollendorfplatz, died 30 November 1954 in Ebersteinburg, Baden-Baden
- Alfred Lion, co-founder of the Blue Note jazz record label, born 21 April 1909, Gotenstraße 7, died 2 February 1987 in New York City
- Helmut Newton, photographer, born 31 October 1920, Innsbrucker Straße 24, died 23 January 2004 in West Hollywood, buried in the Städtischer Friedhof III cemetery, Friedenau
- Nelly Sachs, writer, holder of the 1966 Nobel Prize for Literature, born 10 December 1891, Maaßenstraße 12, died 12 May 1970 in Stockholm
- Willi Stoph, politician, born 9 July 1914, Rote Insel, died 13 April 1999 in Berlin

### Dwelt in Schöneberg

- Hans Baluschek (1870–1935) _Ceciliengärten_ housing estate, 1929-1933
- August Bebel (1840–1913) Hauptstraße 97
- Gottfried Benn (1886–1956) Bozener Straße 20
- David Bowie (1947–2016) Hauptstraße 155, 1976–1978
- Ferruccio Busoni (1866–1924) Viktoria-Luise-Platz 11, buried in Städtischer Friedhof III cemetery, Friedenau
- Albert Einstein (1879–1955) Haberlandstraße 5, 1914-1933
- Hans Fallada (1893–1947) Luitpoldstraße 11
- Sepp Herberger (1897–1977) Bülowstraße
- Christopher Isherwood (1904–1986) Nollendorfstraße 17
- Klaus Kinski (1926–1991) Wartburgstraße 3, from 1930-1944
- Hildegard Knef (1925–2002) Sedanstraße 68
- Else Lasker-Schüler (1869–1945) Motzstraße 7
- Friedrich Naumann (1860-1919) Naumannstrasse
- Iggy Pop (born 1947) Hauptstraße 155, 1976–1978
- Rudolf Steiner and Marie Steiner-von Sivers Motzstraße 30, 1903-1923
- Claire Waldoff (1884–1957) Regensburger Straße 33, 1919–1933
- Billy Wilder (1906–2002) Viktoria-Luise-Platz 11 from (1927 to 1928)
- Paul Zech Naumannstraße 78
Schöneberg (disambiguation)

**Schöneberg** may refer to:

- Schöneberg, a district of Berlin, Germany
- Schöneberg, Brandenburg, a municipality in the district of Uckermark, Brandenburg, Germany
- Schöneberg, Altenkirchen, a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
- Schöneberg, Bad Kreuznach, a municipality in the district of Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Hercules: The Legendary Journeys (video game)

***Hercules: The Legendary Journeys*** is an action adventure video game with _Beat 'em up_ elements that was released on November 17, 1997, on the Nintendo 64 and Game Boy Color, developed by PS1 and published by Titus Software, based on the television series.

## Description

Ares, Hercules' brother, forms a plan to dethrone Zeus with the help of Hera. With Zeus ill, a struggle for power corrupts the immortal realm. The Gods, unaware of the true nature of the disturbance, flee to the mortal realm in a search to find the reason for the turmoil. Hercules, a man whose strength is like nothing ever seen, is the only one who can save the world, both mortal and immortal, and his father from certain doom. Take control of the legendary hero as you travel around the land in search of a cure, and to stop Ares from completing his plan.

## Related pages

- Xena: Warrior Princess
- Young Hercules
Xena: Warrior Princess (video game)

***Xena: Warrior Princess*** is a "beat 'em up" video game that was released on the PlayStation in September 30, 1999, developed by _VU Games_ and published by Electronic Arts, based on the television series.

## Description

Playing as the television series' title character, you must rescue your companion, Gabrielle, from a fate worse than death and fight the forces responsible for her capture in the first place. The game is played from a third-person perspective and revolves around slashing, jumping, and kicking your way through a series of 3D environments. Various button combinations produce special combo moves like those seen on the show, but since mashing the buttons alone appears to work well, you will not be inclined to learn the combinations. Xena can also use power-ups, which she will find along the way, as well as her trademark chakram. Once you throw the chakram, the perspective switches to that of the whirling circle, which you are able to aim, after a fashion. Once it hits something, it is propelled back. The downside to using it is that Xena is defenseless while the weapon is in the air, so you have got to use it wisely when you are under fire from archers perched up above or from multiple opponents on the ground. You use the chakram to flip switches, cut chains, and pick off opponents from a distance. These opponents sometimes become tougher targets because of the hostages they keep so near to them.

## Other consoles

- _Xena: Warrior Princess_ for the Game Boy Color was developed and released by Titus Software in 2000.
- _Xena: Warrior Princess_ for the PS2 only released in Europe.

## Related pages

- Xena: Warrior Princess video games
- Hercules: The Legendary Journeys

## Other websites

- Xena: Warrior Princess at Mobygames.com
Xena: Warrior Princess: The Talisman of Fate

***Xena: Warrior Princess: The Talisman of Fate*** is a fighting video game. It was released on the Nintendo 64. The game was created by Saffire and published by Titus Software. It is based on the _Xena: Warrior Princess_ television series.

## Description

It seems that Xena and Despair (the Champion of Dahak) have both said the Talisman of Fate belongs to them. Whoever controls it will have power over all of mankind. Because of this, Xena does not want it to belong to someone who would do bad things with it. A battle takes place, but the Fates themselves decide that the only way to who should have the talisman is to have a tournament. Each of Earth's greatest heroes and villains will fight in the tournament.

## Game play

Up to four people can play. Each player controls one of the many characters from the series and tries to beat everyone else with punches, kicks, and many special moves. Xena has her sword, the Chakram, and a torch that lets her breathe fire; Gabrielle has her staff, some very good kicks, and a meditation-into-projectile attack. The game is 3D.

## Characters

- Xena
- Gabrielle
- Autolycus
- Joxer
- Caesar
- Ares
- Velasca
- Lao Ma
- Callisto
- Ephiny
- Despair

## Other websites

- Xena: Warrior Princess: The Talisman of Fate at Nintendojo.com

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Xena: Warrior Princess:
The Talisman of Fate
- **developer**: Saffire Corporation
- **publisher**: Titus Software
- **designer**: Steven H. Taylor
Walter Park
Alan Tew
- **composer**: Eric Nunamaker
- **genre**: Fighting game, Fighting
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
- **platforms**: Nintendo 64
Trauma Center: Under the Knife

***Trauma Center: Under the Knife***, known in Japan as , is a medical simulation video game made by Atlus for the Nintendo DS game console.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Trauma Center: Under the Knife
- **developer**: Atlus
- **director**: Kazuya Niinou (DS)
 Daisuke Kanada (Wii)
- **producer**: Katsura Hashino
 Hiroshi Kato (Wii)
- **writer**: Shogo Isogai
- **programmer**: Nobuyoshi Miwa
Tomoaki Kasuya
Naoaki Hashimoto
- **composer**: Kenichi Kikkawa
Shoji Meguro
Kenichi Tsuchiya
- **series**: _Trauma Center (video game series), Trauma Center_
- **released**: **Nintendo DS****Wii**
- **genre**: Simulation game, Simulation, Visual novel
- **modes**: Single-player
- **platforms**: Nintendo DS, Wii
Oscar Niemeyer

**Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho** (December 15, 1907  December 5, 2012) was a Brazilian architect who is thought to be an important name in worldwide modern architecture. He was a pioneer in the idea of using reinforced concrete for buildings.

Buildings made by Niemeyer often have a lot of empty space, making odd patterns. The biggest work he made was the plan for the city of Brasília.

Politically, Niemeyer was a communist, which sometimes had a bad effect for him: When the military dictatorship of Brazil happened in 1964, Niemeyer was forced into exile in Paris. Fidel Castro once said  "Niemeyer and I are the last Communists of this planet."

In 1988, Niemeyer won the Pritzker Prize.

In 2012, he died of cardiac arrest due to a respiratory tract infection.

## Other websites

- May 2006 Interview with Niemeyer, age 98, in Metropolis Magazine
- Oscar Niemeyer, A Legend of Modernism , a book
- Niemeyer in Brasília history
- Images of The Museum of Contemporary Art, Niteroi, Cathedral of Brasília, and Memorial dos Povos Indigenas (Memorial for the Indigenous People)

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Oscar Niemeyer, Pic, 9 - edit.jpg
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **caption**: Oscar Niemeyer in 1977
- **name**: Oscar Niemeyer
- **birth name**: Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho
- **nationality**: Brazilian
- **birth place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **death place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Royal Ontario Museum

The **Royal Ontario Museum** or **ROM**, is a major museum for culture and natural history in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

It is the largest museum in Canada and fifth largest in North America. It has more than six million things on display and over 40 galleries. It has notable collections of dinosaurs, Near Eastern and African art, East Asian art, European history, and Canadian history.
Centenarian

A **centenarian** is a person who has reached the age of 100 years. Because life expectancies worldwide are below 100, the word centenarian is usually linked to longevity. The United States has the most centenarians, while Japan is second.

Much more rare is a supercentenarian, who is a person that has lived to be at least 110.  Famous supercentenarians have included Harry Patch, who was the last surviving British soldier of the First World War trenches.  He died on 25 July 2009 (aged 111).  For the last seven days of his life he was Britain's oldest man.  Henry Allingham, another First World War veteran, had died a week earlier (aged 113).

## Other websites

- Centenarians’ Road
- The Okinawa Centenarian Study
- New England Centenarian Study
- Salt of the Red Earth: Wit, wisdom and portraits of 100 Oklahoma centenarians
- Living to 100 and Beyond: Search for Predictors of Exceptional Human Longevity
- Mortality of Centenarians
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Laval-d'Aurelle

** Laval-d'Aurelle ** is a former commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Saint-Laurent-les-Bains-Laval-d'Aurelle.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Laval-d'Aurelle
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès
- **insee**: 07135
- **postal code**: 07590
- **mayor**: Raymond Louche
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Cévenne et Montagne Ardéchoise
- **elevation m**: 600
- **elevation min m**: 600
- **elevation max m**: 1180
- **area km2**: 8.72
- **population**: 48
- **population date**: 1999
Laveyrune

** Laveyrune ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Laveyrune
- **image**: Laveyrune from the south.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès
- **insee**: 07136
- **postal code**: 48250
- **mayor**: Jean-Marie Jourdan
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Cévenne et Montagne Ardéchoise
- **elevation m**: 977
- **elevation min m**: 974
- **elevation max m**: 1365
- **area km2**: 13.44
- **population**: 126
- **population date**: 1999
Lavillatte

** Lavillatte ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lavillatte
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Coucouron
- **insee**: 07137
- **postal code**: 07660
- **mayor**: Jérôme Gros
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 1140
- **elevation min m**: 1060
- **elevation max m**: 1405
- **area km2**: 18.6
- **population**: 87
- **population date**: 1999
Laviolle

** Laviolle ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France with a population of 130 as of 1999.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Laviolle
- **image**: Laviolle.JPG
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Antraigues-sur-Volane
- **insee**: 07139
- **postal code**: 07530
- **mayor**: Maxime Nougier
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 700
- **elevation min m**: 560
- **elevation max m**: 1364
- **area km2**: 13.84
- **population**: 130
- **population date**: 1999
Le Lac-d'Issarlès

**Le Lac-d'Issarlès** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Le Lac-d'Issarlès
- **image**: France Ardeche Lac d Issarles 01.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Coucouron
- **insee**: 07119
- **postal code**: 07470
- **mayor**: Michel Gardes
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 997
- **elevation min m**: 874
- **elevation max m**: 1322
- **area km2**: 14.35
- **population**: 253
- **population date**: 1999
Le Plagnal

** Le Plagnal ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Le Plagnal
- **image**: Le Plagnal.JPG
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès
- **insee**: 07175
- **postal code**: 07590
- **mayor**: Louis Faucher
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Cévenne et Montagne Ardéchoise
- **elevation m**: 1160
- **elevation min m**: 1056
- **elevation max m**: 1463
- **area km2**: 16.07
- **population**: 53
- **population date**: 1999
Le Roux, Ardèche

**Le Roux** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Le Roux
- **image**: Panneauleroux.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Montpezat-sous-Bauzon
- **insee**: 07200
- **postal code**: 07560
- **mayor**: Patrick Coudène
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 830
- **elevation min m**: 627
- **elevation max m**: 1348
- **area km2**: 16.43
- **population**: 43
- **population date**: 1999
Le Teil

**Le Teil** is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Le Teil
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Teil (Le).svg
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Viviers
- **insee**: 07319
- **postal code**: 07400
- **mayor**: Olivier Peverelli
- **term**: 2008-2014
- **intercommunality**: Rhône Helvie
- **elevation m**: 73
- **elevation min m**: 55
- **elevation max m**: 460
- **area km2**: 26.59
- **population**: 7999
- **population date**: 1999
Lentillères

** Lentillères ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lentillères
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Aubenas
- **insee**: 07141
- **postal code**: 07200
- **mayor**: Jean Labrot
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Vinobre
- **elevation m**: 550
- **elevation min m**: 298
- **elevation max m**: 864
- **area km2**: 8.72
- **population**: 175
- **population date**: 1999
Les Ollières-sur-Eyrieux

**Les Ollières-sur-Eyrieux** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France. The nearest towns are Privas and Saint-Sauveur-de-Montagut.

## History

The first records of a settlement go back to the 12th century. It is located on the banks of the Eyrieux river (a tributary to the Rhône river), Les Ollières (as it is often shortened to by the local people) became a central location for the treatment and processing of silk in the early 1700s.

### Les Ollières in the 21st century

The village has now become a tourist location, attracting many Dutch, German, Swiss and English tourists to its many camp sites during the summer months. Although some tourists have started to renovate old cottages and set up permanent or holiday homes in the area.

For the people of Les Ollières a daily bus service runs to Valence and Privas. The introduction of an occasional cinema also provides entertainment for people of the village and the neighboring villages.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Les Ollières-sur-Eyrieux
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Privas
- **insee**: 07167
- **postal code**: 07360
- **mayor**: Gilbert Valette
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Eyrieux aux Serres
- **elevation min m**: 157
- **elevation max m**: 400
- **area km2**: 7.58
- **population**: 797
- **population date**: 1999
Les Salelles, Ardèche

**Les Salelles** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Les Salelles
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Les Vans
- **insee**: 07305
- **postal code**: 07140
- **mayor**: Alain Faucuit
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Pays des Vans
- **elevation m**: 406
- **elevation min m**: 152
- **elevation max m**: 543
- **area km2**: 5.61
- **population**: 213
- **population date**: 1999
Les Vans

** Les Vans ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Les Vans
- **image**: Les Vans 08.JPG
- **image coat of arms**: Blason LesVans.svg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Les Vans
- **insee**: 07334
- **postal code**: 07140
- **mayor**: Bruno Vigier
- **term**: 2004-2008
- **intercommunality**: Pays des Vans
- **elevation m**: 170
- **elevation min m**: 126
- **elevation max m**: 948
- **area km2**: 31.09
- **population**: 2727
- **population date**: 2004
Lespéron

** Lespéron ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lespéron
- **image**: Egliselesperon.JPG
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Lespéron (Ardèche).svg
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Coucouron
- **insee**: 07142
- **postal code**: 07660
- **mayor**: Jean Linossier
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 1040
- **elevation min m**: 910
- **elevation max m**: 1355
- **area km2**: 24.99
- **population**: 273
- **population date**: 1999
Loubaresse, Ardèche

**Loubaresse** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Loubaresse
- **image**: France Ardeche Loubaresse 03.jpg
- **caption**: View of Loubaresse
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Valgorge
- **insee**: 07144
- **postal code**: 07110
- **mayor**: Marie-Pierre Malcles
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **elevation m**: 1200
- **elevation min m**: 871
- **elevation max m**: 1433
- **area km2**: 8.99
- **population**: 32
- **population date**: 1999
George Berkeley

**George Berkeley** (12 March 1685 – 14 January 1753), or **Bishop Berkeley**, was an Irish bishop and philosopher.

Berkeley was one of the three 'British Empiricists', philosophers around the late 1600s and 1700s who believed in 'empiricism', the philosophy that everything we learn comes through our senses. The other British Empiricists included the Englishman John Locke and Scotsman David Hume.

## Philosophy

His philosophy was called "immaterialism", or "subjective idealism". His idealism said that all our ideas came through sensations, but our senses didn't tell us anything about the world.

He said that Locke's belief in matter was wrong. He said that even though we can see, hear, taste, touch and smell, there was no way of knowing that our senses were reacting to matter, because to find out how accurate our senses were, we would need to study the very thing we use to study. Instead, he said that our experiences are caused by God, a being that is also a mind, like us, and powerful enough to create all our ideas and senses.

## Life

Berkeley was born at his family home, Dysart Castle, near Thomastown, County Kilkenny, Ireland. He was educated at Kilkenny College and attended Trinity College, Dublin, completing a Master's degree in 1707.

## Bibliography

- _Philosophical Commentaries_ (1707–08, notebooks)
- _An Essay towards a New Theory of Vision_ (1709)
- _A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge_, Part I (1710)
- _Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous_ (1713)
- _De Motu (Berkeley's essay)|De Motu_ (1721)
- _Alciphron: or the Minute Philosopher_ (1732)
- _The Theory of Vision or Visual Language … Vindicated and Explained_ (1733)
- _The Analyst_ (1734)
- _The Querist_ (1735–37)
- _Siris_ (1744)

## Other websites

- A list of the published works by and about Berkeley as well as online links
- A bibliography on George Berkeley
- More easily readable versions of Principles of Human Knowledge, Three Dialogues, and Alciphron
- An extensive compendium of online resources, including a gallery of Berkeley's images

## Infobox (philosopher)

- **region**: Western Philosophy
- **era**: 18th century philosophy
- **color**: #B0C4DE
- **image**: John Smibert - Bishop George Berkeley - Google Art Project.jpg
- **caption**: Portrait of Berkeley by John Smybert, 1727
- **name**: George Berkeley
- **birth**: 12 March 1685
- **death**: 14 January 1753
- **school tradition**: Idealism, Empiricism
- **main interests**: Metaphysics, Epistemology, Philosophy of Language, Language, Mathematics, Perception
- **influences**: John Locke, Isaac Newton
- **influenced**: David Hume, Edmund Burke, Immanuel Kant, Arthur Schopenhauer, A.J. Ayer
- **notable ideas**: Subjective idealism, Subjective Idealism, The master argument, The Master Argument
- **signature**: George Berkeley signature.jpg
Colombier-le-Vieux

**Colombier-le-Vieux** is a commune in the Ardèche _department_ in south France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Colombier-le-Vieux
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Église de Colombier le Vieux.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Colombier-le-Vieux
- **arrondissement**: Tournon-sur-Rhône
- **canton**: Haut-Vivarais
- **insee**: 07069
- **postal code**: 07410
- **mayor**: Michel Bertrand
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Saint-Félicien
- **elevation m**: 420
- **elevation min m**: 210
- **elevation max m**: 486
- **area km2**: 15.49
- **population**: 630
- **population date**: 2008
Sceautres

**Sceautres** is a commune in the Ardèche department in south France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Colombier-le-Vieux
- **image**: Sceautres01.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Tournon-sur-Rhône
- **canton**: Saint-Félicien
- **insee**: 07069
- **postal code**: 07410
- **mayor**: Henri Couix
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Saint-Félicien
- **elevation m**: 420
- **elevation min m**: 210
- **elevation max m**: 486
- **area km2**: 15.49
- **population**: 551
- **population date**: 1999
Bakot

**Bakot** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Earthquake

Bakot was badly affected by the 2005 Pakistan earthquake, as the place where the earthquake happened was nearby.

## Location

Bakot is in the east of Abbottabad District and is next to the Muzaffarabad and Bagh districts of Kashmir. It is also next the following Union Councils within Abbottabad District: to the north by Nambal, to the south by Berote Kalan and to the west by Phalkot, Namli Maira, Nagri Bala.

## Subdivisions

The Union Council of Bakote is made up of three areas these are: Bakot, Moolia and Sagnal.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bakot
- **settlement type**: Union Councils of Pakistan, Union Council
- **image map**: Abbottabad_Thumb.png
- **map caption**: Bakot is in Abbottabad district, the names of the neighbouring districts to Abbottabad are also shown
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Subdivisions of Pakistan, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Pakistan, District
- **subdivision name2**: Abbottabad District, Abbottabad
- **subdivision type3**: Tehsil
- **subdivision name3**: Abbottabad Tehsil, Abbottabad
- **leader title**: Nazim
- **leader name**: Nazir Ahmed Abbasi
- **leader title1**: Naib Nazim
- **leader name1**: Zulfiqar Hussain
- **population total**: 23,153
Baldheri

**Baldheri** is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, the union council of Baldheri is named after the main village of the area.

## People

The population of Baldheri Union Council is 14,796.

## Location

The village of Baldheri itself is at 34°15'0N 73°12'0E  which is about 11 km east of Abbottabad city centre on the route towards Mansehra city on the main Mansehra Road. Mansehra is directly to the north, but because it is a very hilly area the roads do not go straight - so Baldheri is on the road from Mansehra to Abbottabad city.

Baldheri has a height of 1143 metres (3753 feet), the Union Council is between Ferozabad village to Tanan Village and Mangal to Halmaira.

## Subdivisions

The Union Council of Baldheri is made up of the following areas:
Baldheri, Gojri, Hal Maira Uta, Hal Maira Tarta, Jalalpura, More Kalan, Sajikot and Tannan

## Qalandarabad

Qalandarabad is major town in Baldheri Union Council and is famous throughout Hazara for its Chapal Kebabs.  The Bach Christian Hospital is in the town.

## Villages

The Union Council of Baldheri consists of the following villages:

1. Baldheri
1. Gogri
1. Halmaira
1. Mangal
1. Morkalaan
1. Neelay Pair
1. Qalandarabad
1. Sajikot
1. Ferozabad
1. Tannan
1. Tarhana Malik
1. Tarhana Mistri

## Geography

Like much of the Abbottabad area it is a very beautiful place, with fresh water streams running down from the hills and mountains. The main steam is called Mangal, and its water is very important for farming. There are primary schools almost in every village. Bach Christian Hospital is also here in Baldheri UC, this hospital was very important during the 2005 Pakistan earthquake that struck the area, due to its location on the Karakoram Highway.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Baldheri
- **settlement type**: Union Councils of Pakistan, Union Council
- **image map**: Abbottabad_Thumb.png
- **map caption**: Baldehri is in Abbottabad District
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Subdivisions of Pakistan, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Pakistan, District
- **subdivision name2**: Abbottabad District, Abbottabad
- **subdivision type3**: Tehsil
- **subdivision name3**: Abbottabad Tehsil, Abbottabad
- **leader title**: Nazim
- **leader name**: Asad Khan
- **leader title1**: Naib Nazim
- **leader name1**: Saqlain Sarwar
- **population total**: 15,744
Lussas

**Lussas** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lussas
- **image**: Lussas vue générale.jpg
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Villeneuve-de-Berg
- **insee**: 07145
- **postal code**: 07170
- **mayor**: Jean-Paul Roux
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Berg et Coiron
- **elevation m**: 270
- **elevation min m**: 199
- **elevation max m**: 632
- **area km2**: 16.45
- **population**: 776
- **population date**: 1999
Bandi Atti Khan

**Bandi Atai Khan** (also known as Banda Atai Khan) is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Location

Bandi Atai Khan is in the south of the district at 34°02'60"N, 73°13'0"E. It has a height of 1035 metres (3398 feet).

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bandi Atai Khan
- **settlement type**: Union Councils of Pakistan, Union Council
- **image map**: Abbottabad_Thumb.png
- **map caption**: Bandi Atai Khan is in Abbottabad District
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Subdivisions of Pakistan, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Pakistan, District
- **subdivision name2**: Abbottabad District, Abbottabad
- **subdivision type3**: Tehsil
- **subdivision name3**: Abbottabad
- **leader title**: Nazim
- **leader name**: Muhammad Aslam Khan
- **leader title1**: Naib Nazim
- **leader name1**: Sarfraz Khan
- **population total**: 13,853
Lyas

** Lyas ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Lyas
- **arrondissement**: Privas
- **canton**: Privas
- **insee**: 07146
- **postal code**: 07000
- **mayor**: François Veyreinc
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Privas Rhône et Vallées
- **elevation m**: 575
- **elevation min m**: 220
- **elevation max m**: 803
- **area km2**: 7.95
- **population**: 517
- **population date**: 1999
Malarce-sur-la-Thines

** Malarce-sur-la-Thines ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Malarce-sur-la-Thines
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Les Vans
- **insee**: 07147
- **postal code**: 07140
- **mayor**: Philippe Faure
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Cévennes et Vivaroises
- **elevation m**: 330
- **elevation min m**: 172
- **elevation max m**: 1062
- **area km2**: 37.34
- **population**: 248
- **population date**: 2004
Malbosc

** Malbosc  ** is a commune in the Ardèche _département_ in southern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Malbosc
- **arrondissement**: Largentière
- **canton**: Vans
- **insee**: 07148
- **postal code**: 07140
- **mayor**: Alice Icard
- **term**: 2001-2008
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Jalès
- **elevation m**: 450
- **elevation min m**: 210
- **elevation max m**: 907
- **area km2**: 21.43
- **population**: 172
- **population date**: 1999
Beerangali

**Beeran Gali** (also known as 'Berin Gali' or 'Baran Gali') is a Union Council of Abbottabad District, in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## History

This area used to be called _Baad Burhan_ and is mentioned by Al Biruni in his famous book Ta'rikh al-Hind, The Chronicles of India, from 1030. Al Biruni describes Baad Burhan as a beautiful area.

## Land

The area is between two mountains, Thandiani and Miranjani. It is at 34°11'40N 73°21'50E and has an average elevation of 2176 metres (7142 feet) above sea-level.

## Subdivisions

The Union Council is made up of the following areas:
Andarseri, Beerangali and Jhafar.

## People

Its population numbers about 12,300. The two main tribes are the Karlal or 'Kiraal' and the Quraishi.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Beeran Gali
- **settlement type**: Union Councils of Pakistan, Union Council
- **image map**: Abbottabad_Thumb.png
- **map caption**: Berin Gali is in Abbottabad district.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Subdivisions of Pakistan, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Pakistan, District
- **subdivision name2**: Abbottabad District, Abbottabad
- **subdivision type3**: Tehsil
- **subdivision name3**: Abbottabad Tehsil, Abbottabad
- **leader title**: Nazim
- **leader name**: Sardar Lal Khan Anwar
- **leader title1**: Naib Nazim
- **leader name1**: Sardar Muhammad Iqbal Khan
- **population total**: 12,329