juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Arakkal Museum

The **Arrakkal Museum** is a museum dedicated to the Arakkal family, the only Muslim royal family in Kerala, South India. The museum is actually a section of the _Arakkalkettu_(Arakkal Royal Palace). The durbar hall section of the palace has been converted into a museum by the Government of Kerala. It was opened in July 2005 after a Rs. 9,000,000 renovation.

Although renovated by the government, the _Arakkalkettu_ is still owned by the _Arakkal Royal Trust_ and does not fall under the control of the country's archaeology department, the Archaeological Survey of India. The government had taken a keen interest in preserving the heritage of the Arakkal Family, which had played a prominent role in the history of Malabar. A nominal entry fee is charged by the _Arakkal Royal Trust_ from visitors to the museum.

## Location

The Arakkal Museum is in Ayikkara, next to the Kannur City. It is 2-3 kilometres from Kannur town.

## Other websites

- Arakkal Kettu dedicated to the nation, _The Hindu_, 31 July 2005.
- An article

## Infobox (museum)

- **name**: Arakkal Museum
- **native name**: അറക്കൽ മ്യൂസിയം
- **native name lang**: ml
- **logo**: Arakkal_Family_Seal.JPG
- **logo alt**: Seal of Arakkal kingdom
- **logo caption**: Seal of Arakkal kingdom
- **image**: Arakkal Kettu museum- kannur.jpg
- **caption**: Front side of the museum
- **former name**: Darbar hall of Arakkal
- **location**: Kannur
- **type**: Museum
- **accreditation**: Kerala Tourism Development Corporation
- **visitors**: 131,56 (2015)
- **curator**: Adi Raja Muhammed Rafi, son of current royal head Sainaba Aysha Beevi
- **owner**: Arakkal kingdom, Arakkal Royal Trust
- **car park**: Onsite(free)
Mount Kyllini

**Mount Kyllini** or **Mount Cyllene** , sometimes Ζήρια, is a mountain on the Peloponnese peninsula in Greece. It is famous for its association with the god Hermes. Mount Kyllini rises to  above sea level. This makes it the second highest point on the peninsula.  It is located near the border between the historic regions of Arcadia and Achaea—in the northeast of Arcadia. It is located west of Corinth, northwest of Stymfalia, north of Tripoli, and south of Derveni.

Much of the mountain is desolate and rocky. The area below  is largely forested.  There is an observatory at , at 22.67 east longitude and 37.97 north latitude. Roads pass near the southern and western slopes, but there are not many on the mountain itself, as much of the mountain is part of a park.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Mount Kyllini
- **photo**: Stymfalia-north 2006.jpg
- **photo caption**: Mount Kyllini as seen from Stymphalia
- **elevation m**: 2376
- **prominence m**: 1870
- **listing**: Ultra prominent peak, Ultra
- **map**: Greece
- **map caption**: Location in Greece
- **map size**: 280
- **label**: Mount Kyllini
- **label position**: right
- **location**: Western Corinthia, Greece
- **easiest route**: YDS class 2
Walperswil

**Walperswil** is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Walperswil
- **municipality name**: Walperswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Walperswil COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Seeland (administrative district), Seeland
- **postal code**: 3272
- **municipality code**: 0754
- **area**: 7.0
- **elevation**: 468
- **population**: 923
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: www.walperswil.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bargen, Berne, Bargen, Bühl bei Aarberg, Epsach, Hagneck, Kappelen, Siselen, Täuffelen
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group C

The **2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group C** was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group was made up of six teams: Germany, Czech Republic, Northern Ireland, Norway, Azerbaijan, and San Marino. Germany won the group and qualified for the world cup, while Northern Ireland finished 2nd and moved on to the second round.

## Table

|width=30 abbr="Position"|Pos|width=210|Team|width=30 abbr="Played"|Pld|width=30 abbr="Won"|W|width=30 abbr="Drawn"|D|width=30 abbr="Lost"|L|width=30 abbr="Goals for"|GF|width=30 abbr="Goals against"|GA|width=30 abbr="Goal difference"|GD|width=30 abbr="Points"|Pts|width=260 abbr="Points"|Moves on to|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|align=left||10|10|0|0|43|4|+39|**30**|align=center|Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup||||||||||
|2|align=left||10|6|1|3|17|6|+11|**19**|align=center|Second round||||||||||
|4|align=left||10|4|3|3|17|10|+7|**15**|align=center rowspan=4|||||||||||
|5|align=left||10|4|1|5|17|16|+1|**13**||||||||||||
|5|align=left||10|3|1|6|10|19|–9|**10**||||||||||||
|6|align=left||10|0|0|10|2|51|–49|**0**||||||||||||

## Goalscorers

- 5 goals

- Thomas Müller
- Sandro Wagner
- Joshua King

- 4 goals

- Michal Krmenčík

- 3 goals

- Afran Ismayilov
- Antonín Barák
- Vladimír Darida
- Julian Draxler
- Serge Gnabry
- Leon Goretzka
- Timo Werner
- Kyle Lafferty
- Josh Magennis
- Mohamed Elyounoussi

- 2 goals

- Theodor Gebre Selassie
- Jan Kopic
- Mario Gómez
- Jonas Hector
- Sami Khedira
- Joshua Kimmich
- André Schürrle
- Chris Brunt
- Steven Davis
- Jamie Ward

- 1 goal

- Araz Abdullayev
- Maksim Medvedev
- Dimitrij Nazarov
- Ruslan Qurbanov
- Rashad Sadygov
- Ramil Sheydayev
- Václav Kadlec
- Filip Novák
- Jaromír Zmrhal
- Julian Brandt
- Emre Can
- Mats Hummels
- Toni Kroos
- Shkodran Mustafi
- Mesut Özil
- Antonio Rüdiger
- Sebastian Rudy
- Kevin Volland
- Amin Younes
- Stuart Dallas
- Jonny Evans
- Gareth McAuley
- Conor McLaughlin
- Conor Washington
- Adama Diomandé
- Markus Henriksen
- Martin Linnes
- Martin Samuelsen
- Ole Selnæs
- Alexander Søderlund
- Mirko Palazzi
- Mattia Stefanelli

- 1 own goal

- Rashad Sadygov (against Norway)
- Chris Brunt (against Norway)
- Michele Cevoli (against Azerbaijan)
- Davide Simoncini (against Norway)
- Mattia Stefanelli (against Germany)

## Other websites

- Qualifiers – Europe: Round 1 , FIFA.com
- FIFA World Cup, UEFA.com
    - Standings – Qualifying round: Group C, UEFA.com
Walterswil, Bern

**Walterswil** is a municipality of the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Walterswil
- **municipality name**: Walterswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Walterswil BE COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Walterswil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Oberaargau (administrative district), Oberaargau
- **postal code**: 4942
- **municipality code**: 0959
- **area**: 7.9
- **elevation**: 658
- **population**: 541
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **popofyear**: 2012
- **website**: www.walterswil-be.ch
- **mayor**: Ernst Lanz
- **neighboring municipalities**: Affoltern im Emmental, Dürrenroth, Oeschenbach, Rohrbachgraben, Switzerland, Rohrbachgraben, Ursenbach, Wynigen
Wangen an der Aare

**Wangen an der Aare** is a municipality in Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Since 2024, Wangenried became a part of Wangen an der Aare.

## Other websites

- Official Website of the city of Wangen an der Aare

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wangen an der Aare
- **municipality name**: Wangen an der Aare
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wangen an der Aare COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wangen an der Aare.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Oberaargau (administrative district), Oberaargau
- **postal code**: 3380
- **municipality code**: 0992
- **area**: 6.8
- **elevation**: 423
- **population**: 2274
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.wangen-a-a.ch
- **mayor**: Fritz Scheidegger
- **neighboring municipalities**: Attiswil, Deitingen (SO), Flumenthal (SO), Walliswil bei Wangen, Wangenried, Wiedlisbach
Wangenried

**Wangenried** was a municipality in Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Since 2024, it became a part of Wangen an der Aare.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wangenried
- **image photo**: 2011-04-16-Balonveturo (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 049.JPG
- **municipality name**: Wangenried
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wangenried COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wangenried.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Oberaargau (administrative district), Oberaargau
- **postal code**: 3374
- **municipality code**: 0993
- **area**: 2.9
- **elevation**: 473
- **population**: 431
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.wangenried.ch
- **mayor**: Fritz Müller
- **mayor title**: Gemeindepräsident
- **executive name**: Gemeinderat
- **executive number of members**: 5
- **neighboring municipalities**: Deitingen (SO), Inkwil, Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee, Subingen (SO), Walliswil bei Wangen, Wangen an der Aare
Wanzwil

**Wanzwil** was a municipality in Wangen in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, Wanzwil and Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee became part of Heimenhausen.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wanzwil
- **municipality name**: Wanzwil
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wanzwil COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Wangen (district), Wangen
- **postal code**: 3372
- **municipality code**: 0994
- **area**: 0.6
- **elevation**: 455
- **population**: 208
- **populationof**: December 2007
- **popofyear**: 2007
- **website**: www.wanzwil.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Heimenhausen, Herzogenbuchsee, Niederönz, Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee
Railroad company

A **railroad company** or **railway company** is an organization that operates a railroad track or trains. The company can either be private or public. Some railway companies operate both the trains and the track. In other cases, particularly in European Union (EU), ownership of track and train operation is run by separate companies. In the United States the railroad track system is owned by the railroad companies. In the 1800s, the federal government gave large land grants to the railroads.

## Structure

Many countries have a national railway company that owns all track and operates all trains in the country. For example, the Russian Railways (the world's largest rail company by network size). Other countries have many different, sometimes competing, railway companies that operate each their own lines. This is true in the United States and Canada.

In Europe, the EU requires its members to split the railway companies into a number of different companies. Usually public owned companies own the track and other public companies (sometimes owned by regional governments) own the train cars. Franchising is then used to determine the right to operate the line for a limited time period. A number of private companies bid for the right to operate. Other companies offer track and train car maintenance.
Wattenwil

**Wattenwil** is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wattenwil
- **municipality name**: Wattenwil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wattenwil COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wattenwil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Thun (administrative district), Thun
- **postal code**: 3665
- **municipality code**: 0886
- **area**: 14.5
- **elevation**: 603
- **population**: 2728
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **popofyear**: 2012
- **website**: www.wattenwil.ch
- **mayor**: Peter Hänni
- **neighboring municipalities**: Blumenstein, Burgistein, Forst-Längenbühl, Gurzelen, Rüti bei Riggisberg
Wengi

**Wengi** (Bernese German: _Wängi_, []) is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wengi
- **municipality name**: Wengi
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wengi COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wengi.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Seeland (administrative district), Seeland
- **postal code**: 3251
- **municipality code**: 0394
- **area**: 7.10
- **elevation**: 480
- **population**: 609
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.wengi-be.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Balm bei Messen (SO), Diessbach bei Büren, Grossaffoltern, Rapperswil, Bern, Rapperswil, Ruppoldsried, Schnottwil (SO)
Wichtrach

**Wichtrach** is a municipality of the administrative district Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2004, the former municipalities of Niederwichtrach and Oberwichtrach merged into the municipality of Wichtrach.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wichtrach
- **image photo**: Längenberg, heading W.jpg
- **municipality name**: Wichtrach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wichtrach COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wichtrach.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Bern-Mittelland (administrative district), Bern-Mittelland
- **postal code**: 3114
- **municipality code**: 0632
- **area**: 11.6
- **elevation**: 538
- **population**: 4017
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: www.wichtrach.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Gerzensee, Häutligen, Herbligen, Jaberg, Kiesen, Kirchdorf, Switzerland, Kirchdorf, Münsingen, Oberdiessbach, Oppligen, Tägertschi
Wiedlisbach

**Wiedlisbach** is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau of the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website of the municipality of Wiedlisbach

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wiedlisbach
- **municipality name**: Wiedlisbach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wiedlisbach COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Wiedlisbach.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Oberaargau (administrative district), Oberaargau
- **postal code**: 4537
- **municipality code**: 0995
- **area**: 7.5
- **elevation**: 465
- **population**: 2270
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.wiedlisbach.ch
- **mayor**: Martin Allemann
- **neighboring municipalities**: Attiswil, Oberbipp, Rumisberg, Walliswil bei Niederbipp, Walliswil bei Wangen, Wangen an der Aare
Anthocyanin

**Anthocyanin** is a chemical compound which makes the red colour in plants. For example, red cabbage has anthocyanins which make it red.

## Function

In flowers, bright-reds and purples attract pollinators. In fruits, the colourful skins also attract the attention of animals, which may eat the fruits and disperse the seeds.

In photosynthetic tissues (such as leaves and sometimes stems), anthocyanins have been shown to act as a "sunscreen". They protect cells from high-light damage by absorbing blue-green and ultraviolet light. Ionizing radiation can damage DNA.

There are some other suggestions. The red colour of leaves may camouflage leaves from herbivores blind to red wavelengths. The pigment may signal bad taste, since anthocyanin synthesis often comes with unpalatable phenolic compounds.

Making these pigments is done by a series of enzymes that are stuck on cell membranes.
Williamson County, Texas

**Williamson County** is a county in Central Texas. The county seat is Georgetown, Texas. The county population in 2020 was 609,017. The county is named after Robert McAlpin Williamson, a veteran in the Battle of San Jacinto and a previous community leader.

## History

Williamson County held humans for at least 11,200 years. In recent times, a prehistoric skeleton was found in Williamson County. The name of the skeleton is _Leanderthal Lady_. The town of Leander is named after the skeleton. _Leanderthal Lady_ was found after the Texas Department of Transportation found remnants while drilling core/dirt samples for a new highway.

Native Americans also lived in areas of Williamson County. The Tonkawa tribe lived in parts of the county. Other tribes lived in the area. These tribes included Kiowa, Yojuane, Tawakoni, and Mayeye Native Americans.

On September 1921, the remains of a hurricane moved over Williamson County. The rains fell over Thrall, Texas. The town received 39.7 inches of rain in 36 hours. The storm killed 87 near Taylor, Texas, and 93 in Williamson County. A total of 215 deaths were reported due to the rains.

On 27 May 1997, Williamson county had a tornado outbreak. The county had several tornadoes during the day. An EF-5 tornado _(rating determined on the Fujita Scale)_ struck Jarrell, Texas, killing 27 persons. An EF-3 tornado also struck Cedar Park, with one indirect death.

## List of communities

The following is a list of communities in Williamson county. Some communities are part of other counties.
- Austin _(partly in Travis County)_
- Bartlett _(partly in Bell County)_
- Brushy Creek
- Cedar Park _(partly in Travis County)_
- Coupland
- Florence
- Georgetown _(county seat)_
- Granger
- Hutto
- Jarrell
- Jollyville
- Jonah
- Leander _(partly in Travis County)_
- Liberty Hill
- Macedonia
- Norman's Crossing
- Round Rock _(partly in Travis County)_
- Schwertner
- Serenada
- Taylor
- Thorndale _(partly in Milam County)_
- Thrall
- Walburg
- Waterloo
- Weir
Susanna Griso

**Susanna Griso Raventós** (born 8 October 1969 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish journalist and TV hostess.

### Early life

She got a degree in journalism at Autonomous University of Barcelona and began to work in both radio stations, Ràdio Sant Cugat and Catalunya Ràdio.

In 1993 hosted TV3's magazines programmes: _Tres senyores i un senyor_ and _Fora de joc_, and after 1995: _Telenotícies_.

Between 1997 and 1998 she hosted the Catalonian News of TVE. In that channel covered the information about the Princess Lady Diana of Wales's funeral and the Princess Cristina de Borbón and Iñaki Urdangarin's wedding.

### Antena 3

In 1998 she was hired by Antena 3 to work at _Noticias 1_ with the host Matías Prats until 2006. Since then, she hosts the morning program: _Espejo público_.

## Awards

|Year|Prize|Category|Result|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2006|Antena de Oro|Host/ess|Won|
|2008|Micrófono de Oro|Best Host/ess|Won|
|2010|Premios Ondas|Best TV Program|Won|
|2014|Joan Ramón Mainat|Best TV Program|Won|

## Other websites

- Página web oficial
Electric blanket

An **electric blanket** is a blanket with electric heating.

The first electric blanket was invented in 1912 by an American Medic named Dr. Sidney Irwin Russell. The public did not want the heated blanket until an English company started to produce and market heated blankets to the public in 1920.

Some modern "low voltage" electric blankets have small carbon fiber wires and use 12-24 volts.
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu

**Nguyen Van Thieu** or _Nguyễn Văn Thiệu_ was the leader of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1975. He was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. Thieu became head of a military junta, meaning the military controlled the government. He was then elected president.

Thieu quit being president on 21 April 1975. He then left the country. On 30 April 1975 the city of Saigon was taken by North Vietnam. This marked the end of the Vietnam War.

## Death

Thieu died in 2001. He was 78 years old. He died in Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. He had a stroke at his home in Foxborough.  He had been put on a respirator. He was cremated and buried in Boston.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
- **termstart2**: 14 June 1965
- **termend1**: 21 April 1975
- **termstart1**: 31 October 1967
- **spouse**: Madame Nguyen Van Thieu
- **death place**: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **birth place**: Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, Ninh Thuận Province, French Indochina
- **party**: National Social Democratic Front
- **image**: Nguyễn Văn Thiệu.jpg
- **primeminister2**: Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
- **office2**: Head of State of the Republic of Vietnam, Chairman of the National Leadership Committee of the Republic of Vietnam
- **vicepresident1**: Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
<small>(1967-1971)</small>
Trần Văn Hương
<small>(1971-1975)</small>
- **successor1**: Dương Văn Minh
- **primeminister1**: Nguyễn Văn Lộc
Trần Văn Hương
Trần Thiện Khiêm
Nguyễn Bá Cẩn
- **predecessor1**: Phan Khắc Sửu
- **office1**: President of South Vietnam, 2nd President of South Vietnam
- **signature**: Signature of Nguyễn Văn Thiệu.svg
- **termend2**: 31 October 1967
U Nu

U **Nu** (; ; 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995) was the first Prime Minister of Burma. He served from 4 January 1948 to 12 June 1956, again from 28 February 1957 to 28 October 1958, and finally from 4 April 1960 to 2 March 1962.

Burma gained independence from Britain on 4 January 1948. Nu became the first prime minister of the new country. He quit being prime minister in 1956. He again served as prime minister between Ba Swe and Ne Win.

Nu was one of the leaders of the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League (AFPFL) from 1942 to 1963. The AFPFL had two groups of power. Nu's group won the 1960 election. He then became prime minister. On 2 March 1962 General Ne Win took control of the government. Nu was then kept in an army camp. Nu continued to claim he was the legal prime minister. In 1988 he tried to form his own government with Win Maung as president.

Nu wrote an autobiography called _Ta-Tei Sanei Tha_ (_Naughty Saturday-born_). It was published in India by Irrawaddy Publishing (U Maw Thiri) in 1975. He wrote several other books including _The People Win Through_ (1951), _Burma under the Japanese_ (1954), _An Asian Speaks_ (1955), and _Burma Looks Ahead_ (1951).

## Religion

U Nu was a popular spiritual leader of his country. During the 1960 election he promised to make Buddhism the official state religion. On 29 August 1961, Parliament passed a law making Buddhism the state religion.  Ne Win removed the law in 1962.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Nu

- **image**: Staatsgreep in Birma, premier U nu, Bestanddeelnr 913-5820 (cropped).jpg
- **order**: Prime Minister of Myanmar, Prime Minister of Burma
- **president**: Sao Shwe Thaik
 Ba U
- **term start**: 4 January 1948
- **term end**: 12 June 1956
- **successor**: Ba Swe
- **term start2**: 28 February 1957
- **term end2**: 28 October 1958
- **predecessor2**: Ba Swe
- **successor2**: Ne Win
- **president2**: Ba U
- **term start3**: 4 April 1960
- **term end3**: 2 March 1962
- **predecessor3**: Ne Win
- **successor3**: Ne Win
- **president3**: Win Maung
- **birth place**: Wakema, Myaungmya District, British Burma
- **death place**: Bahan Township, Yangon, Myanmar
- **party**: Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
- **alma mater**: Yangon University, University of Rangoon
Iodine test

The **iodine test** is a test that is able to detect starch using iodine as a chemical indicator. Example uses include brewing beer, and determining when apples are ripe and can be harvested.

If starch is present, the iodine solution will turn dark blue/purple. If there is no starch, the iodine will stay brown.
Mauritanian Association for Human Rights

The **Mauritanian Association for Human Rights** or _Association Mauritanienne des Droits de l'Homme_ (AMDH) (Arabic: للجمعية الموريتانية لحقوق الإنسان ) is a Mauritanian NGO. The organization started in 1991.  It works for human rights and watches for human rights violations. Fatimata M’baye is the co-founder and president.

## Work

AMDH worked with three main areas of human rights violations: mass killings of black Mauritanian soldiers, deportation of soldiers and members of the press to the desert, and repatriation (sending back refugees) of large groups of Mauritanians from Senegal.
Las Lomas, California

**Las Lomas** is a town in Monterey County, California. At the 2020 census, 3,046 people lived there.
Arrondissements of the Creuse department

There are 2 **arrondissements in the Creuse department**. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into _arrondissements_, which may be translated into English as **districts** (in some cases, as **boroughs**). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The arrondissements of Creuse are:

|INSEE code !!Arrondissement !! Capital !! Population <small>(2014)</small> !! width=70px | Area <small>(km²)</small> !! Density <small>(Inh./km²)</small> !! _Communes_|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|231|Aubusson|Aubusson|37,123|2,538.8||118|
|232|Guéret|Guéret|83,458|3,026.5||140|

## History

Since its creation, the Creuse department has had few changes:
- 1790 : creation of the department with seven districts: Aubusson, Bourganeuf, Boussac, Évaux, Felletin, Guéret and La Souterraine; the capital was Guéret, alternating with Aubusson but soon only Guéret remained as capital.
- 1800 : creation of four arrondissements: Aubusson, Bourganeuf, Boussac and Guéret.
- 1926 : the arrondissements of Bourganeuf and Boussac were eliminated.

## Related pages

- Arrondissement of Aubusson
- Arrondissement of Guéret
- List of arrondissements of France
Heart block

**Heart block** is a type of heart disease.  The human heart uses electrical signals to make the heart beat.  Electricity travels down pathways in the heart to make each part of the heart beat at the right time.

When a person has a heart block, there is a “block” in one of these electrical pathways.  This blocks electricity from travelling normally through the heart.  This makes the heart beat more slowly.

In the most serious cases, the heart’s electrical pathways are blocked so badly that electricity cannot travel through the heart.  This means the heart’s electrical signals cannot control how the heart beats, or cannot make the heart beat at all.

## Symptoms

Many people with heart block have no symptoms at all.

Other people only have symptoms every once in a while.  Sometimes, their heart might skip a beat.  This can make the person feel dizzy; faint; or have palpitations (feel their heart pounding).

In the most serious cases of heart block, a person's heart cannot control their heart beats.  These cases can be treated with an artificial pacemaker.  This is a medical device that is placed into the heart.  It sends electrical signals to make the heart beat regularly.

## Causes

Some people are born with heart block.  This is called a congenital heart block.

More often, people get heart block later in life.  Heart block can be caused by:
- Other types of heart disease, like a heart attack
- Some infections, like diphtheria
- Some medicines, like beta-blockers (a type of medicine for high blood pressure)
- Having open-heart surgery

## Types of heart block

There are three main types of heart block.

### First-degree heart block

This is the least serious type of heart block.  It usually causes no symptoms.

### Second-degree heart block

In second-degree heart block, it takes longer and longer for the heart to send electrical signals from the middle of the heart to the ventricles, which pump blood to the body.  Eventually, this leads to a skipped heart beat.  This can cause dizziness and fainting.

### Third-degree heart block

This is the most serious type of heart block.  It is also called a complete heart block.  In this type of heart block, no electrical signals reach the heart's ventricles.  This means that the electrical signals cannot make the heart pump blood to the body.

Some people with third-degree heart block may have very few symptoms and may not need treatment.  However, some people with third-degree heart block have many different symptoms.  Third-degree heart block can be a medical emergency.  This type of heart block may be treated with a pacemaker.

## Diagnosis

Heart block can be diagnosed with an electrocardiogram (also called an ECG or an EKG).  This is a painless test.  During the test, pads are placed on a person's chest, arms, and legs.  They record the heart's electrical activity.

A cardiologist can help diagnose heart block and order other tests if they are needed.

## Related pages

- Heart
- Heart disease
- Cardiac arrhythmia
North Gyeongsang Province

**North Gyeongsang Province**  is a province in South Korea. Gyeongsang Province divided into North Gyeongsang and South Gyeongsang in 1896.

Daegu was the capital from 1896 to 1981, but Daegu left the province in 1981. The capital changed to Andong in 2016.

North Gyeongsang Province has 19% of South Korea's land.

## History

Gyeongsang Province was Jinhan and Byeonhan's territory in ancient times. Later Jinhan became Gaya and Byeonhan became Silla. Since Silla conquered Gaya, all of Gyeongsang Province became Silla's. When Silla collapsed and Goryeo was founded, Dongnambuseosa was established in the Gyeongsang area and it ruled the province. From Goryeo King Hyeonjong's period, the province started to be called Gyeongsang Province. In the Joseon Dynasty, which was founded after Goryeo, Gyeongsang Province was divided into Left Gyeongsang and Right Gyeongsang. In 1895, Gyeongsang Province was replaced by 4 districts. Later, in 1896, the districts were abolished, and today's North Gyeongsang and South Gyeongsang were formed. In 1981 Daegu Metropolitan City separated from the province. In 2023, very bad flooding happened there.

## Administrative Districts

Currently, North Gyeongsang has 10 cities (_si_) and 13 counties (_gun_).

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: North Gyeongsang Province
- **native name lang**: ko
- **settlement type**: Provinces of South Korea, Province
- **translit lang1**: Korean
- **translit lang1 type**: Hangul
- **image flag**: Flag of North Gyeongsang Province.svg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: South Korea
- **subdivision type1**: Region
- **subdivision name1**: Yeongnam
- **seat type**: List of capitals in South Korea, Capital
- **seat**: Andong
- **parts type**: Subdivisions
- **parts**: 10 cities; 13 counties
- **leader title**: Governor of North Gyeongsang Province, Governor
- **leader name**: Lee Cheol-woo

- **area total km2**: 19,030
- **area rank**: 1st
- **population total**: 2,700,328
- **population as of**: October, 2014
- **population density km2**: 141.7
- **population rank**: 3rd
- **demographics type1**: Metropolitan Symbols
- **demographics1 title1**: Flower
- **blank name sec1**: Dialect
- **blank info sec1**: Gyeongsang dialect, Gyeongsang
- **population demonym**: Gyeongbukite
- **translit lang1 type1**: Hanja
- **translit lang1 type2**: McCune‑Reischauer
- **translit lang1 info2**: Kyŏngsang-bukto
- **translit lang1 type3**: Revised Romanization
- **translit lang1 info3**: Gyeongsangbuk-do
- **demographics1 info1**: Lagerstroemia, Crape-myrtle
- **demographics1 title2**: Tree
- **demographics1 info2**: _Zelcova_
- **demographics1 title3**: Bird
- **demographics1 info3**: Heron, Common heron
Ne Win

**Ne Win** was a Former Military Dictator of Burma, Burmese politician and military commander. He was President of Burma from 1962 to 1981. Before being President he was Prime Minister. Ne Win founded the Burma Socialist Programme Party in 1962.

On 2 March 1962 Ne Win overthrew the legitimate elected government led by U Nu in Burma. He became head of state as Chairman of the Union Revolutionary Council and also Prime Minister. His new government ended the constitution. They also removed the Burma parliament. In 1964 he made the Burma Socialist Programme Party the only political party in Burma.

On 2 March 1974, Ne Win ended the Revolutionary Council and made the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma. He was elected president (not by people). Then he chose Brigadier General Sein Win as Prime Minister.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Ne Win
- **image**: Ne Win in 1959, Jerusalem.jpg
- **caption**: Ne Win in 1959
- **order**: 4th President of Burma
- **term start**: 2 March 1962
- **term end**: 9 November 1981
- **predecessor**: Win Maung
- **successor**: San Yu
- **order2**: 3rd Prime Minister of Burma
- **term start2**: 29 October 1958
- **term end2**: 4 April 1960
- **predecessor2**: U Nu
- **successor2**: U Nu
- **birth name**: Shu Maung
- **birth date**:
also given as  or
- **birth place**: Paungdale, Bago Division, Pegu Province, Lower Burma, British Raj, British India
- **death place**: Yangon, Myanmar
- **resting place**: Ashes scattered into Hlaing River
- **nationality**: Burmese
- **party**: Burma Socialist Programme Party
- **spouse**: Than Nyunt
Tin Tin
Khin May Than
Ni Ni Myint
June Rose Bellamy, Yadana Nat Mei
- **children**: Kyaw Thein
 Ngwe Soe
Aye Aung
 Sandar Win
Phyo Wai Win
Kyemon Win
- **alma mater**: Rangoon University
- **signature**: Ne Win Signature.svg
- **serviceyears**: 1931–74
- **rank**:  General
Wiggiswil

**Wiggiswil** is a municipality of the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Wiggiswil
- **municipality name**: Wiggiswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Wiggiswil view from the south.jpg
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Wiggiswil COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Bern-Mittelland (administrative district), Bern-Mittelland
- **postal code**: 3053
- **municipality code**: 0553
- **area**: 1.4
- **elevation**: 554
- **population**: 99
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: -
- **neighboring municipalities**: Ballmoos, Deisswil bei Münchenbuchsee, Moosseedorf, Münchenbuchsee, Urtenen-Schönbühl
Hua Guofeng

**Hua Guofeng** (16 February 1921 – 20 August 2008) was a Chinese communist politician who serve as Chairman of the Communist Party of China from 7 October 1976 to 28 June 1981. He was chosen to lead by Mao Zedong.

Hua was born 16 February 1921 in Jiaocheng County, Shanxi, China. He was named **Su Zhu**. He died 20 August 2008 in Beijing, China.

On 6 October 1976, Hua ended the Cultural Revolution. He also had the Gang of Four arrested. In 1979 he visited leaders in Europe. He was the first Chinese leader to visit since 1949.
Sulz, Lucerne

**Sulz** was a municipality of the district of Hochdorf in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. Since 1 January 2009, it became part of the municipality of Hitzkirch.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Sulz
- **municipality name**: Sulz
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Pic Sulz.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Sulz LU.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Lucerne
- **iso-code-region**: CH-LU
- **district**: Hochdorf (Amt), Hochdorf
- **postal code**: 6284
- **municipality code**: 1042
- **area**: 3.84
- **elevation**: 661
- **population**: 186
- **populationof**: Dec 2007
- **popofyear**: 2007
- **website**: -
- **neighboring municipalities**: Beinwil (Freiamt) (AG), Gelfingen, Hämikon, Hitzkirch, Lieli, Switzerland, Lieli, Müswangen
Buchrain, Switzerland

**Buchrain** is a municipality of the district Lucerne-Land in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Buchrain
- **municipality name**: Buchrain
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Buchrain COA.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Buchrain.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Lucerne
- **iso-code-region**: CH-LU
- **district**: Lucerne-Land (district), Lucerne-Land
- **postal code**: 6033 Buchrain
6035 Perlen
- **municipality code**: 1052
- **area**: 4.8
- **elevation**: 456
- **population**: 6132
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.buchrain.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Dierikon, Ebikon, Emmen, Switzerland, Emmen, Eschenbach, Lucerne, Eschenbach, Inwil, Switzerland, Inwil, Root, Switzerland, Root
Dierikon

**Dierikon** is a municipality of the district Lucerne-Land in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Dierikon
- **municipality name**: Dierikon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Dierikon COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Dierikon.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Lucerne
- **iso-code-region**: CH-LU
- **district**: Lucerne-Land (district), Lucerne-Land
- **postal code**: 6036
- **municipality code**: 1053
- **area**: 2.78
- **elevation**: 432
- **population**: 1438
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.dierikon.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Adligenswil, Buchrain, Switzerland, Buchrain, Ebikon, Root, Switzerland, Root, Udligenswil
Barra do Bugres

**Barra do Bugres** is a city in Brazil, with about 30,000 people. It is located in the state of Mato Grosso Do Sul. It is located at the confluence of the Paraguay River and the Bugres River. Local economy is focused on agriculture. The city is about  from the state capital, Cuiabá.
Function (biology)

**Function** in biology is what a part of the body or cell does in relation to the whole. It is the reason some part or process occurred in a system which evolved by natural selection.

A similar definition is "the function of a component in an organism is the contribution it makes to that organism's fitness".

The term is used especially in physiology, in phrases like "the function of the kidneys is to excrete urea from the body" or "the function of the heart is to push blood around the body". It is incorrect to use the word 'purpose' instead of 'function', because the word 'purpose' implies forethought.
Amar Singh (cricketer)

**Ladhabhai Nakum Amar Singh**  (4 December 1910 – 21 May 1940) was an Indian cricketer. His full name was Ladhabhai Nakum Amar Singh Lodha. He was a right arm fast bowler and an effective lower order batsman. Amar Singh was the first Indian to receive a Test cap. He was born in Rajkot, Gujarat on 4 December 1910.

Amar Singh played for the Indian cricket team, Hindus cricket team and various teams in the first class cricket matches. He took 28 wickets and scored 292 runs in 7 Test cricket matches, playing for the Indian cricket team.

Amar Singh died due to typhoid on May 21 1940 in Jamnagar, Gujarat.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Amar Singh Ladha Nakum
- **fullname**: Nakum AmarSingh Ladhabhai
- **birth place**: Rajkot, Gujarat, British India
- **death place**: Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
- **nickname**: Lodha
- **role**: All-Rounder
- **family**: Ladha Ramji (brother)
- **batting**: Right-hand bat
- **bowling**: Right-arm fast-medium
- **columns**: 2
- **column1**: Test cricket, Tests
- **matches1**: 7
- **runs1**: 292
- **bat avg1**: 22.46
- **100s/50s1**: 0/1
- **top score1**: 51
- **deliveries1**: 2,182
- **wickets1**: 28
- **bowl avg1**: 30.64
- **fivefor1**: 2
- **tenfor1**: 0
- **best bowling1**: 7/86
- **catches/stumpings1**: 3/–
- **column2**: First-class cricket, First-class
- **matches2**: 92
- **runs2**: 3,344
- **bat avg2**: 24.23
- **100s/50s2**: 5/18
- **top score2**: 140not out, *
- **deliveries2**: 23,689
- **wickets2**: 506
- **bowl avg2**: 18.35
- **fivefor2**: 42
- **tenfor2**: 14
- **best bowling2**: 8/23
- **catches/stumpings2**: 77/–
- **international**: true
- **country**: India
- **internationalspan**: 1932-36
- **testdebutagainst**: England
- **testcap**: 1
- **testdebutdate**: 25 June
- **testdebutyear**: 1932
- **lasttestdate**: 15 August
- **lasttestagainst**: England
- **lasttestyear**: 1936
- **source**: http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/26228.html ESPN Cricinfo
- **date**: 9 May
- **year**: 2020
Pietro Martorana

**Pietro Martorana ** (1705 – 1759), was an Italian painter. He was a member of a family of artists from Palermo. He was one of the main representatives of the classic late Baroque painting in Sicily.

Martorana painted frescos in Palermo in the churches of Santa Rosalia, St. Chiara and St. Carlo. With Olivio Sozzi. He decorated the palace of Michele Gravina Branciforte, prince of Butera in Palermo.

## Related pages

- Baroque
- Gioacchino Martorana
- List of Italian painters

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Pietro Martorana
- **birth name**: Pietro Martorana
- **birth date**: 1705
- **birth place**: Palermo, Italy
- **death place**: Baroque painting
- **field**: frescos
Siad Barre

**Mohamed Siad Barre** was the President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991.

In 1969 President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was assassinated. The military took power of the government. Major General Barre became the leader of the country. The new government used a form of socialism called scientific socialism. The country was renamed to the Somali Democratic Republic.

In 1991 Somalia had a civil war. Barre was removed as the leader. He tried to take back the city of Mogadishu but lost. He then went into exile. Barre died on 2 January 1995.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Siad Barre

- **image**: Siad Barre.png
- **caption**: Military portrait of Major General Mohamed Siad Barre.
- **birth name**: Mohamed Siad Barre
- **birth date**: 6 October 1919
- **birth place**: Shilabo, Ogaden, Ethiopian Empire
- **death place**: Lagos, Nigeria
- **office**: 3rd List of Presidents of Somalia, President of Somalia
- **term start**: 21 October 1969
- **term end**: 26 January 1991
- **predecessor**: Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein
- **successor**: Ali Mahdi Muhammad
- **vicepresident**: Muhammad Ali Samatar
- **party**: Supreme Revolutionary Council (1969 - 1976)
Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party (1976 - 1991)
Somali United Front (1991 - 1992)
- **spouse**: Khadija Maalin
Dalyad Haji Hashi
- **relations**: Abdirahman Jama Barre
Roger Binny

** Roger Michael Humphrey Binny** (born 19 July 1955) is a former Indian cricket all rounder. He is best known for his impressive bowling performance in the 1983 Cricket World Cup in which India won the cup. Binny took the most wickets in the 1983 Cricket World Cup with 18 wickets.He was born in Bangalore, Karnataka on July 19, 1955. His full name is Roger Michael Humphrey Binny.

Binny's batting style is right arm batting. He bowling style is right arm fast bowling.

Binny's son Stuart Binny plays for an Indian cricket team. Roger Binny scored 830 runs in test cricket and 629 runs in One Day International matches. He took 47 wickets in test cricket and 77 wickets in One Day International matches.
Mohammad Mosaddegh

**Mohammad Mosaddegh** was an Iranian politician. He was elected Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until 1953. He was also an author, administrator, lawyer, and parliamentarian.

On 19 August 1953, Mosaddegh was removed from office by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and Britain's MI6. This was called Operation Ajax in the West. In Iran it is called the _28 Mordad 1332_ coup <small>("Mordad" is the Persian name for a summery month and the coup day was a Wednesday on 19 August 1953)</small>. The change in power was one reason for the Iranian Revolution in 1979.

Mosaddegh was named man of the year in 1951, by _Time_ magazine. He remains one of the most popular people in Iranian history.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Mohammad Mossadegh
- **office**: Prime Minister of Iran
- **term start**: 21 July 1952
- **term end**: 19 August 1953
- **monarch**: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- **predecessor**: Ahmad Qavam
- **successor**: Fazlollah Zahedi
- **term start2**: 28 April 1951
- **term end2**: 16 July 1952
- **monarch2**: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- **predecessor2**: Hossein Ala'
- **successor2**: Ahmad Qavam
- **birth place**: Tehran, Persia
- **death place**: Ahmadabad-e Mosaddeq, Iran
- **alma mater**: Sciences Po
University of Neuchâtel
- **party**: National Front (Iran), National Front
- **signature**: Mohammad_mossadegh_Signature.svg
Jan Sokol

**Jan Sokol** (18 April 1936 – 16 February 2021) was a Czech philosopher, translator and politician. He was son of architect Jan Sokol. He was a member of parliament from 1990 to 1992. He was minister of education from January to July 1998. In 2003, he was candidate for President of the Czech Republic. He was a member of Charles University faculty.

Sokol died on 16 February 2021, aged 84.

## Other websites

- Official website
Anastasio Somoza Debayle

**Anastasio "Tachito" Somoza DeBayle** was officially the 73rd and 76th President of Nicaragua. As the leader of Nicaragua's military he was really the leader of the country from 1967 to 1979.

Many people did not like Somoza as a leader. A group called the Sandinista National Liberation Front wanted to make Nicaragua a better country. They had support from inside and outside the country. In 1975 Somoza Debayle tried to stop the Sandinistas and anyone in Nicaragua who supported them. The Soviet Union and Cuba were giving the Sandinistas money to keep fighting the Somoza family. In 1979 the United States stopped supporting Somoza.

On 17 July 1979 Somoza quit the presidency. He fled to Miami but U.S. President Jimmy Carter would not allow him to enter the country. Somoza then went to Paraguay.

On 17 September 1980 the Sandinistas assassinated Somoza DeBayle.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Anastasio Somoza DeBayle
- **image**: President Anastasio Somoza Debayle of Nicaragua, before State Dinner - NARA - 194723-perspective-tilt-crop (cropped).jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **order**: President of Nicaragua
- **term start**: 1 December 1974
- **term end**: 17 July 1979
- **predecessor**: Liberal-Conservative Junta
- **successor**: Francisco Urcuyo
- **vicepresident2**: Francisco Urcuyo and Alfonso Callejas Deshón
- **term start2**: 1 May 1967
- **term end2**: 1 May 1972
- **predecessor2**: Lorenzo Guerrero Gutiérrez, Lorenzo Guerrero
- **successor2**: Liberal-Conservative Junta
- **birth place**: León, Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua
- **death place**: Asunción, Paraguay
- **spouse**: Hope Portocarrero (married 1950-divorced late 1970s.)
- **children**: Anastasio Somoza Portocarrero, Julio Somoza Portocarrero, Carolina Somoza Portocarrero, Carla Somoza Portocarrero, Roberto Somoza Portocarrero
- **party**: Nationalist Liberal Party (PLN)
Autism Speaks

Autism speaks was founded in February 2005 by Bob and Suzanne Wright. Their earlier groups were **Cure Autism Now** (founded in 1995) and the **National Alliance for Autism Research** (founded in 1994).

Autism Speaks is a controversial network. It used to view autism as a disease, which caused controversy in the autistic community. Autism is not a disease, which is why it upset many people. Autism Speaks has also said that it's possible to cure autism, which we know is **not true**. There is no cure for autism.