juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Pepe le Pew

**Pepé Le Pew** is an animated skunk created by Chuck Jones in 1945. His original name was "Stinky". The Pepe le Pew cartoon, _For Scent-imental Reasons_ (1949) was the only Chuck Jones-directed Looney Tunes cartoon that won the Academy Award for Best Animated short. He speaks with a French accent.
Fraidy Cat

**Fraidy cat** (also known as **scaredy cat**) is a slang term for a person who is very skittish or fearful.

**Fraidy Cat** may mean:
- _Fraidy Cat_ (movie), a 1942 Tom and Jerry cartoon short
- "Fraidy Cat" (_Garfield and Friends_), a 1988 episode of _Garfield and Friends_
- _Fraidy Cat_ (TV series), a cartoon series
- Fraidy Katt (band), a Canadian band
- _Fraidy Cat_, a 2008 animated horror short movie from S4 Studios
Woolworths Supermarkets

**Woolworths** is a group of Australian supermarkets.  It is known by locals as 'Woolies'. It is the largest supermarket chain in Australia.

As of October 2008, the business had 780 Australian supermarkets and 667 liquor stores in Australia. It owns 201 supermarkets in New Zealand. It also owns 271 hotels and the discount department store chain _Big W_ and an electronics retail chain _Dick Smith_.

Shops in Victoria used to be known as Safeway until 2008, when Woolworths Limited announced that all Safeway stores would become Woolworths stores in line with the rest of Australia. The New South Wales company had taken over the Victorian chain in the 1980s but had not changed the shop names (and in fact rebranded existing Woolworths stores as Safeway). In August 2008 there were 189 supermarkets in Victoria that were to be changed from being called _Safeway_ to _Woolworths_.

Woolworths was the first Australian supermarket to offer petrol discounts when a certain amount of money was spent in the shop.

In 2009 Apple launched a legal challenge against Woolworths, claiming their logo, resembling a curl of fruit peel in the shape of a 'w', was superficially similar to the Apple logo.

On 11 March 2020, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic to legacy shooting of enhanced community quarantine, The supermarket is temporarily disallowed.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Woolworths Supermarkets
- **image**: Mtb woolies 1.jpg
- **image caption**: A Woolworths store in Mount Barker, South Australia
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **foundation**: 1924
- **location city**: Bella Vista, New South Wales
- **location country**: Australia
- **key people**: Michael Luscombe, CEO
- **num employees**: 175,000
- **industry**: Retail
- **revenue**: Sales of Australian dollar, A$42.3 Billion (2007)
- **parent**: Woolworths Limited
Privatization

**Privatization** is when a nationalized company or government agency is sold by the government to investors who want to buy it.
One Canada Square

**One Canada Square** is the second tallest building in the United Kingdom. It is  tall. It is in Canary Wharf.

## Other websites

- Official Canary Wharf website

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: One Canada Square
- **image**: File:London MMB S6 Canary Wharf.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: One Canada Square, Canary Wharf; the second-tallest building in the United Kingdom
- **highest region**: the United Kingdom
- **highest start**: 1990
- **highest prev**: Tower 42
- **highest end**: 2012
- **highest next**: The Shard
- **start date**: 1988
- **building type**: Commercial
- **location**: Canary Wharf
London,
United Kingdom
- **architectural**: above ground level, AGL
 above sea level, ASL
- **floor count**: 50
- **elevator count**: 32 + 3 freight + 2 firemen
- **cost**: £624 million
- **architect**: César Pelli & Associates
Adamson Associates
Frederick Gibberd Coombes & Partners
- **structural engineer**: MS Yolles & Partners
Winston Group
Waterman Partnership
- **main contractor**: Sir Robert McAlpine
Ellis Don
Lehrer McGovern
Bovis
Balfour Beatty
Olympia & York
+ approximately 40 sub-contractors
- **developer**: Olympia & York
- **owner**: Canary Wharf Group plc (current majority shareholder is Songbird Estates plc)
- **management**: Canary Wharf Group plc
Chevrolet Monte Carlo

**Chevrolet Monte Carlo** was a car produced by Chevrolet from 1970 through 1988 and 1995 through 2007. Beginning with the fifth generation the Monte Carlo became the replacement for the Lumina coupé, when the Lumina was discontinued GM opted for a new look which gave the car its own unique look. The car was later refreshed and made to look like a coupé version of the 2006 Impala. The model was discontinued in 2007, Chevrolet Camaro replaced the car as Chevrolet's entry level coupé. However, GM has stated the possibility of a future Monte Carlo.
Plymouth Superbird

**Plymouth Superbird** was a car made by Plymouth Motor Company in 1970 only. It was the sister design to the Dodge Charger Daytona.
Dodge Charger Daytona

**Dodge Charger Daytona** was a car made by Dodge. It was only ever made in 1969. It was the sister design to the Plymouth Superbird.
Opel Combo

The Opel Combo is a panel van and leisure activity vehicle made by the German company Opel.

It has different names in other countries such as the Vauxhall Combo (Great Britain), Chevrolet Combo (Chile) and Holden Combo (Australia and New Zealand).

The Combo was introduced in 1994, and a second generation model was introduced in 2001.

The name "Combo" was previously used on a 3-door panel van body style of the Opel Kadett E. It competes with vans/lesuire vehicles such as the Citroën Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Volkswagen Caddy/Life and the Fiat Doblo.
Citroën 2CV

**Citroën 2CV** was a car produced by Citroën from 1949 until 1990.

It was a cleverly designed basic car with a fabric roof, a soft suspension and an air cooled engine, that was designed to be cheap to buy and to run. The model is often known as the Tin Snail due to its looks.
Renault 4

**Renault 4** was a car produced by Renault from 1961 through 1992. The model is seen as Renault's version of the Citroen 2CV, due to its rugged design and simple running gear, because of its long run, it was updated many times in its life.
Škoda Roomster

The **Škoda Roomster** is a car produced by Škoda Auto since 2006. There is panel van version of the Roomster. It is called the **Praktik,** which wasn't sold in the UK. Production stopped in 2015, as more people were buying the Yeti.

## Engines

- _1.2 HTP_ 47 kW (64 hp) and 51 kW (69 hp)
- _1.2 TSI_ 63 kW (86 hp) and 77 kW (105 hp)
- _1.4 16V_ 63 kW (86 hp)
- _1.6 16V_ 77 kW (105 hp)
- _1.2 TDI_ 55 kW (75 hp)
- _1.4 TDI_ 51 kW (69 hp) and 59 kW (80 hp)
- _1.6 TDI_ 66 kW (90 hp) and 77 kW (105 hp)
- _1.9 TDI_ 74 kW (100 hp) and 77 kW (105 hp)
Volvo C30

**Volvo C30** is a car produced by Volvo since 2006. It was officially unveiled at the 2006 Paris Motor Show. It went on sale in mid-2006 in Europe as a 2006 model. Then it went on sale in Canada in March 2007 as a 2007 model, before finally going on sale in the United States in October 2007 as a 2008 model.

## References

Renault zoe

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Volvo C30
- **image**: Volvo C30 1.6 front 20100918.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Volvo Cars
- **production**: 2006–2013
- **model years**: 2007–2013
- **assembly**: Belgium: Ghent (Volvo Car Gent, VCG)
- **predecessor**: Volvo 480
- **successor**: Volvo V40 (P1), Volvo V40 II
- **class**: Compact car, Compact
- **body style**: 3-door hatchback
- **layout**: Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, Front-engine, front-wheel-drive
- **platform**: Volvo P1 platform
- **engine**: 1.2 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (Petrol engine, petrol)
1.8 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (Petrol engine, petrol)
1.8 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (flexifuel)
2.0 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (Petrol engine, petrol)
2.4 L Renault D4F Straight-five engine, I5 (Petrol engine, petrol)
2.5 L Renault D4F Straight-five engine, I5 _Volvo Modular engine#B5254T7, T5_ Turbocharger, turbo (Petrol engine, petrol)
1.6 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (Diesel engine, diesel)
2.0 L Renault D4F Inline-four engine, I4 (Diesel engine, diesel)
2.0 L Renault D4F Straight-five engine, I5 _Renault D4F engine, I4_ (Diesel engine, diesel)
2.4 L Renault D4F Straight-five engine, I5 _Renault D4F engine, I4_ (Diesel engine, diesel)
- **transmission**: 5-speed _Renault D4F_ Manual transmission, manual,
6-speed _Renault D4F_ Manual transmission, manual,
5-speed _Aisin AW55-50_ Automatic transmission, automatic,
6-speed Automatic transmission, automatic (Renault PowerShift transmission, PowerShift)
- **length**: (2007–2010)
 (2011–2012)
- **related**: Volvo S40, Volvo S40 II
Volvo V50
Volvo C70#Secondgeneration(2006-2013), Volvo C70 II
Renault Clio
Renault Twingo
Volkswagen Corrado

**Volkswagen Corrado** was a car produced by Volkswagen from 1988 through 1995.

## Engines

- _1.8 G60_ 118 kW (160 hp)
- _2.0_ 85 kW (115 hp)
- _2.0 16V_ 100 kW (136 hp)
- _2.9 VR6_ 140 kW (190 hp)
Volvo V70

**Volvo V70** is a car produced by Volvo from 1996 to 2016 in three generations. An off-road version, called XC70, is also available. It replaced the 850. The first generation had a sedan version called S70 (1996-2000). The second generation also had a sedan version called S60 (2000-2007), as did the third generation whose sedan version was called S80 (2006-2016).
It was replaced by the V90 in 2016.
Volvo V50

**Volvo V50** is a car produced by Volvo since 2004. It is the estate version of the second generation S40. It replaced the V40, which was an estate version of the first generation version of the S40. In 2012 it was replaced by a different car also called V40.

## Engines

- _1.6_ 74 kW (100 hp)
- _1.8_ 92 kW (125 hp)
- _2.0_ 107 kW (145 hp)
- _2.4_ 103 kW (140 hp)
- _2.4i_ 125 kW (170 hp)
- _T5_ 162 kW (220 hp) and 169 kW (230 hp)
- _1.6 D_ 80 kW (109 hp)
- _D2_ 84 kW (114 hp)
- _2.0 D_ 100 kW (136 hp)
- _D3_ 110 kW (150 hp)
- _D4_ 130 kW (177 hp)
- _D5_ 132 kW (180 hp)
Volvo V40

**Volvo V40** was a car produced by Volvo from 1995 through 2004. It was the estate version of the first generation S40. It was replaced by the V50 in 2004.

In 2012 Volvo introduced a a different car also _Volvo V40_. It is a completely new design and it shares nothing but its name with the older V40.
Volvo S40

**Volvo S40** is a car produced by Volvo from 1995 to 2012 in two generations. Both generations had an estate versions. For the first generation it was called V40 (1995-2004), for the second generation it was called V50 (2004-2012)
Ashley Ward

**Ashley Ward** (born 24 November 1970) is an English former professional footballer who played as a centre forward.

## Personal life

He is married to Dawn Ward.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ashley Ward
- **fullname**: Ashley Stuart Ward
- **birth place**: Middleton, Greater Manchester, Middleton, Lancashire, England
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthclubs1**: Cheadle Town F.C., Cheadle Town
- **years1**: 1989–1991
- **clubs1**: Manchester City F.C., Manchester City
- **caps1**: 1
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 1991
- **clubs2**: → Wrexham A.F.C., Wrexham (loan)
- **caps2**: 4
- **goals2**: 2
- **years3**: 1991–1992
- **clubs3**: Leicester City F.C., Leicester City
- **caps3**: 10
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1992
- **clubs4**: → Blackpool F.C., Blackpool (loan)
- **caps4**: 2
- **goals4**: 1
- **years5**: 1992–1994
- **clubs5**: Crewe Alexandra F.C., Crewe Alexandra
- **caps5**: 61
- **goals5**: 25
- **years6**: 1994–1996
- **clubs6**: Norwich City F.C., Norwich City
- **caps6**: 53
- **goals6**: 18
- **years7**: 1996–1997
- **clubs7**: Derby County F.C., Derby County
- **caps7**: 40
- **goals7**: 9
- **years8**: 1997–1998
- **clubs8**: Barnsley F.C., Barnsley
- **caps8**: 46
- **goals8**: 20
- **years9**: 1998–2000
- **clubs9**: Blackburn Rovers F.C., Blackburn Rovers
- **caps9**: 54
- **goals9**: 13
- **years10**: 2000–2003
- **clubs10**: Bradford City A.F.C., Bradford City
- **caps10**: 84
- **goals10**: 17
- **years11**: 2003–2005
- **clubs11**: Sheffield United F.C., Sheffield United
- **caps11**: 33
- **goals11**: 5
- **totalcaps**: 388
- **totalgoals**: 110
Bit-level parallelism

**Bit-level parallelism** is a form of parallel computing based on increasing processor word size, depending on very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology. Enhancements in computers designs were done by increasing bit-level parallelism

Increasing the word size reduces the number of instructions the processor must execute in order to perform an operation on variables whose sizes are greater than the length of the word. (For example, consider a case where an 8-bit processor must add two 16-bit integers. The processor must first add the 8 lower-order bits from each integer, then add the 8 higher-order bits, requiring two instructions to complete a single operation. A 16-bit processor would be able to complete the operation with single instruction)

Historically, 4-bit microprocessors were replaced with 8-bit, then 16-bit, then 32-bit microprocessors, then 64-bit microprocessors. 32-bit processors has been a standard in general purpose computing for about 20 years, but now 64-bit processors are taking the lead.
Instruction level parallelism

**Instruction-level parallelism** (ILP) is a measure of how many operations in a computer program can be performed "in-parallel" at the same time (termed:_"simultaneously"_). Consider the following program:

1. e = a + b
 2. f = c + d
 3. g = e * f

Operation 3 depends on the results of "e" and "f" which are calculated from operations 1 and 2, so "g" cannot be calculated until both of "e" and "f" are computed.  However, operations 1 and 2 do not depend on any other operation, so they can be computed simultaneously.  If we assume that each operation can be completed in one unit of time then these three instructions can be completed in a total of two units of time, giving an ILP factor of 3/2; which means 3/2 = 1.5 greater than without ILP.

One of the goals of compilers and processors designers is to use as much ILP as possible. Ordinary programs are written execute instructions in sequence; one after the other, in the order as written by programmers. ILP allows the compiler and the processor to overlap the execution of multiple instructions or even to change the order in which instructions are executed.

How much ILP exists in programs depends on the application type, for example, in graphics and scientific applications the amount can be very large while in cryptography the amount much less.

Micro-architectural techniques that use ILP include:
- Instruction pipelining where the execution of multiple instructions can be partially overlapped.
- Superscalar execution in which multiple execution units are used to execute multiple instructions in parallel.
- Out-of-order execution where instructions execute in any order but without violating data dependencies (remember in previous example "g" must wait for "e" and "f").
- Register renaming which is a technique used to avoid unnecessary serialization of program operations caused by the reuse of registers by those operations, in order to enable out-of-order execution.
- Speculative execution which allow the execution of complete instructions or parts of instructions before being sure whether this execution is required.
- Branch prediction which is used to avoid delays (termed:_"stalls"_) cause of control dependencies to be resolved. Branch prediction is used with speculative execution.

In recent years, ILP techniques have been used for performance improvements in conditions where the difference between processor operating frequencies and memory access times is large. As of 2008, a cache "miss" costs several hundreds of CPU cycles in a main memory access; with much longer latency compared when the processor finds that the memory location is in the cache. Hence, this technique was proved to be insufficient to save the CPU time from waiting for the off-chip data. Instead, the industry is moving towards improving higher levels of parallelism using techniques such as multiprocessing and multithreading.

## Other websites

- Wired magazine article that refers to the above paper
- Approaches to addressing the Memory Wall
Data parallelism

**Data parallelism** (also known as **loop-level parallelism**) is a form of parallel computing for multiple processors using a technique for distributing the data across different parallel processor nodes.  It contrasts to task parallelism as another form of parallelism.

In a multiprocessor system where each one is executing a single set of instructions, data parallelism is achieved when each processor performs the same task on different pieces of distributed data. In some situations, a single execution thread controls operations on all pieces of data.  In others, different threads control the operation, but they execute the same code.

For example, if we are running code on a 2-processor system (CPUs A and B) in a parallel computing environment, and we want to do a task on some data D, it is possible to tell CPU A to do that task on one part of D and CPU B on another part of D simultaneously (at the same time), in order to reduce the runtime of the execution.

Data parallelism is used by many applications especially data processing applications; one of the examples is database applications. Most real programs use a combination of data parallelism and task parallelism.
Task parallelism

**Task parallelism** (also known as **Thread level parallelism**, **function parallelism** and **control parallelism**) is a form of parallel computing for multiple processors using a technique for distributing execution of processes and threads across different parallel processor nodes. It contrasts to data parallelism as another form of parallelism.

In a multiprocessor system, task parallelism is achieved when each processor executes a different thread (or process) on the same or different data. The threads may execute the same or different code. Different execution threads communicate with one another usually to pass data as they work.

As a simple example, if we are running code on a 2-processor system (CPUs "a" & "b") in a parallel computing environment and we want to do tasks "A" and "B", it is possible to tell CPU "a" to do task "A" and CPU "b" to do task 'B" simultaneously (at the same time), in order to reduce the runtime of the execution.

Task parallelism is used by multi-user and multitasking operating systems, and applications depending on processes and threads, unlike data processing applications (see data parallelism). Most real programs use a combination of Task parallelism and Data parallelism.
Interrupt latency

In Realtime Operating Systems (**RTOS**), **interrupt latency** is the time between the generation of an interrupt by a device (or a peripheral) and servicing the device which generated the interrupt. For many operating systems (OS), the OS code is programmed so that devices are serviced as soon as the device's interrupt handler is executed. Interrupt latency depends on the CPU, interrupt controllers, interrupt masking, and the operating system's (OS) "interrupt handling methods".
Flavors of Entanglement

***Flavors of Entanglement*** is the seventh studio album by rock singer Alanis Morissette. This studio album was released June 10, 2008 in the United States, June 9, 2008 in Australia, and on May 30, 2008 in Europe. Some singles from this album were: "Underneath", "Not As We", and "In Praise of the Vulnerable Man".

### 2008

- "Underneath"
- "In Praise of the Vulnerable Man"
- "Not As We"

## Track listing

1. "Citizen of the Planet" – 4:22
1. "Underneath" – 4:07
1. "Straitjacket" – 3:08
1. "Versions of Violence" – 3:36
1. "Not As We" – 4:45
1. "In Praise of the Vulnerable Man" – 4:07
1. "Moratorium" – 5:35
1. "Torch" – 4:50
1. "Giggling Again for No Reason" – 3:48
1. "Tapes" – 4:26
1. "Incomplete" – 3:30

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Flavors of Entanglement
- **type**: Album
- **artist**: Alanis Morissette
- **released**: May 30, 2008
- **recorded**: 2007–2008
- **genre**: Pop rock
- **length**: 46:14
- **label**: Maverick Records, Maverick
- **producer**: Guy Sigsworth
- **prev title**: Alanis Morissette: The Collection
(2005)
- **next title**: Havoc and Bright Lights
- **next year**: 2012
Thread switching latency

The **thread switching latency** is the time needed by the operating system to switch the CPU to run another thread. In some operating systems running on some hardware, switching between threads belonging to the same process is much faster than switching to a thread from different process (because threads from different processes require a more complicated process context switch).

During the thread switching, the CPU must save all of the current thread's execution data to memory, and load another thread's execution data from memory. Since reading and writing from memory requires some latency, we can define the thread switching latency as the amount of time needed to complete this operation. There is no virtual memory switching required in a thread switch, unlike a process switch.

## Related pages

- Process switching latency
- Context switch
Process switching latency

The **process switching latency** is the time needed by the operating system to perform the **process** context switch to continue executing another process.

## Related pages

- Thread switching latency
- context switching
Penguin (character)

The **Penguin** (**Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot**) is a fictional character and an enemy of Batman appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character made his first appearance in _Detective Comics_ #58 (December 1941) and was created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger. He is one of Batman's most oldest enemies and he and some other Batman villiains are Batman's rogues gallery.

## Fictional character biography

Born Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot, the Penguin was teased very much in his childhood due to his short stature, obesity, and bird-like nose. These traits made him an outcast in his rich, debutante family. Their rejection drove him to become evil.

The Penguin is a Gotham City mobster who calls himself the "Gentleman of Crime". He is most often seen wearing a monocle, top hat, and tuxedo while carrying his umbrella as a weapon. The character appears most times as a short, fat man with a long nose.

## Powers and abilities

The Penguin uses high-tech umbrellas as different tools. His umbrellas have been used as guns, gas guns, swords/knives, a mini-helicopter and many other unconventional tools. The Penguin owns and runs a nightclub called the Iceberg Lounge which provides a cover for his criminal activity.

## In other media

The character has subsequently been adapted to different forms of media, including movies, tv shows and video games as well. He was played by Burgess Meredith in the 1960s television series _Batman_ and in _Batman: The Movie_. He was played by Danny DeVito in _Batman Returns_, Robin Lord Taylor in the 2014 TV series _Gotham_. He was played by Colin Farrell in the 2022 movie _The Batman_ and in the 2024 limited series _The Penguin_.

The Penguin has repeatedly been named one of the best Batman villains and one of the greatest villains in comics. Penguin was ranked #51 in IGN's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time.
Batman (1966 movie)

***Batman***, also known as _Batman: The Movie_, is a spin-off of the 1960s series. The Joker, The Penguin, The Riddler and Catwoman appear in the movie. The movie stars Adam West.
Context switch

A **context switch** is the computing process of saving and restoring the state (context) of a CPU such that multiple processes can share a single CPU resource. The context switch is an essential feature of a multitasking operating system.

Context switches are usually time consuming and much of the design of operating systems is to minimize the time of context switches.

A context switch can mean a register context switch, a task context switch, a thread context switch, or a process context switch. What will be switched is determined by the processor and the operating system.

The **scheduler** is the part of the operating systems that manage context switching, it perform context switching in one of the following conditions:

1. **Multitasking:** One process needs to be _switched out of_ (termed "yield" which means "give up") the CPU so another process can run. Within a preemptive multitasking operating system, the scheduler allows every task (according to its priority level) to run for some certain amount of time, called its _time slice_ where a timer interrupt triggers the operating system to schedule another process for execution instead.
If a process will wait for one of the computer resources or will perform an I/O operation, the operating system schedules another process for execution instead.
1. **Interrupt handling**: Some CPU architectures (like the Intel x86 architecture) are interrupt driven. When an interrupt occurs, the scheduler calls its _interrupt handler_ in order to serve the interrupt after switching contexts; the scheduler suspended the currently running process till executing the interrupt handler.
1. **User and kernel mode switching:** When a transition between user mode and kernel mode is required in an operating system, a context switch is not necessary; a mode transition is _not_ by itself a context switch.  However, depending on the operating system, a context switch may also take place at this time.

Context switching can be performed primarily by software or hardware. Some CPUs have hardware support for context switches, else if not, it is performed totally by the operating system software. In a context switch, the state of a process must be saved somehow before running another process, so that, the scheduler resume the execution of the process from the point it was suspended; after restoring its complete state before running it again.

## Other websites

- Context Switch Definition - by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
Diamond Jubilee

A **diamond jubilee** is a celebration of a 60th anniversary for a person.
King Louie

**King Louie** is a fictional orangutan who kidnaps Mowgli in Disney's 1967 animated musical adaptation of The Jungle Book. He was played by Louis Prima. He does not appear in Rudyard Kipling's original book, as orangutans are not native to India. But the movie is "inspired by" rather than "based on" the Kipling stories. King Louie has been called an example of a racial stereotype in Disney movies.

## Spin-Offs

King Louie was played by Jim Cummings in TaleSpin and Jungle Cubs.

## Remakes

In The Jungle Book (1994 film) King Louie was played by a real orangutan.

In The Jungle Book (2016 film), King Louie was played by Christopher Walken.
Cinderella II: Dreams Come True

***Cinderella II: Dreams Come True*** is a 2002 American direct-to-video movie directed by John Kafka. It is the first sequel to Disney's animated movie _Cinderella_ (1950). Another sequel, _Cinderella III: A Twist in Time_, was made in 2007.

## Summary

The movie explores Cinderella's "happily ever after" life as a princess in three stories, with help from the Fairy Godmother. In the first segment (Aim To Please), Cinderella's awkward first days at the palace, when she tried so hard to fit in that she forgot to be herself. In the second one (Tall Tail), how Jaq felt so left out that he wished to be a human, named Sir Hugh. And in the third one (An Uncommon Romance), how Cinderella taught one of her nasty stepsisters how to smile which leads to her own true love, who is a baker.

## Voice Cast

- Jennifer Hale as Cinderella. She was voiced by Ilene Woods in the original film.
- Rob Paulsen as Jaq/Grand Duke/The Baker/Sir Hugh/Bert/Flower Vendor. Both the King and Grand Duke were voiced by Luis van Rooten in the original film.
- Corey Burton as Gus. Jaq and Gus were voiced by Jimmy MacDonald in the original film.
- Andre Stojka as The King.
- Russi Taylor as the Fairy Godmother, Drizella Tremaine, Mary Mouse, Beatrice, Countless Le Grande and Daphne. Fairy Godmother was voiced by Verna Felton in the original film. Drizella was voiced by Rhoda Williams in the first film
- Susanne Blakeslee as Lady Tremaine. She was voiced by Eleanor Audley in the original film.
- Tress MacNeille as Anastasia Tremaine. She was originally voiced by Lucille Bliss.
- Holland Taylor as Prudence
- Christopher Daniel Barnes as Prince Charming. He was voiced by William Edward Phipps in the original film.
- Frank Welker as Lucifer/Pom-Pom/Bruno. Lucifer was voiced by June Foray in the original film. Bruno was also voiced by MacDonald in the first film.

## Other websites

- _Cinderella II: Dreams Come True_ at Rotten Tomatoes
- Cinderella II: Dreams Come True - The Official Disney DVD Website

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Cinderella II: Dreams Come True
- **director**: John Kafka
- **producer**: Mary Thorne
Mary Alice Drumm
- **writer**: Jill E. Blotevogel, Jill Blotevogel
Tom Rogers
Jule Selbo
- **starring**: Jennifer Hale
Corey Burton
Russi Taylor
Christopher Daniel Barnes
Gina La Piana
- **music**: Michael Tavera
- **editing**: Julie Ann Lau
- **studio**: Walt Disney Pictures
Walt Disney Television Animation
- **distributor**: Walt Disney Home Entertainment
- **runtime**: 73 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Cindy McCain

**Cindy Lou Hensley McCain** (born May 20, 1954) is an American businesswoman and politician. McCain is the Executive Director of the World Food Programme since 2023. She was the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture from 2021 to 2023. She was the wife of Republican Senator John McCain. During the Donald Trump presidency, she became a critic of the president and the Republican Party.

In the 2020 presidential election, she was one of the few key Republicans who supported form Vice President Joe Biden over President Trump.

In late November 2020, McCain was seen as a possible pick for an ambassador role in the Biden administration. In May 2021, it was reported that President Biden would nominate McCain to be the United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture. McCain was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on October 26, 2021.

In April 2023, McCain became the Executive Director of the World Food Programme.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Cindy McCain
- **image**: Cindy McCain, U.S. Permanent Representative.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2022
- **office**: Executive Director of the World Food Programme
- **1namedata**: António Guterres
- **term start**: April 5, 2023
- **predecessor**: David Beasley
- **office1**: 12th List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture, United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture
- **president1**: Joe Biden
- **term start1**: November 5, 2021
- **term end1**: April 5, 2023
- **predecessor1**: Kip E. Tom
- **successor1**: Rodney Hunter (Chargé d'Affaires)
- **birth name**: Cindy Lou Hensley
- **birth place**: Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 4, including Meghan McCain, Meghan
- **relatives**: Jim Hensley (father)
- **education**: University of Southern California (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Master of Arts, MA)
Thread (computer science)

A **thread** in computer science is short for a _thread of execution_. Threads are a way for a program to _split_ itself into two or more simultaneously (or pseudo-simultaneously) running tasks. Threads and processes differ from one operating system to another.

In general, a thread is contained inside a process and different threads in the same process share the same resources. Different processes in the same multitasking operating system do not share the same resources.

Threads are lightweight, in terms of the system resources they consume, as compared with processes.

## Sources

- David R. Butenhof: _Programming with POSIX Threads_, Addison-Wesley,
- Bradford Nichols, Dick Buttlar, Jacqueline Proulx Farell: _Pthreads Programming_, O'Reilly & Associates,
- Charles J. Northrup: _Programming with UNIX Threads_, John Wiley & Sons,
- Mark Walmsley: _Multi-Threaded Programming in C++_, Springer,
- Paul Hyde: _Java Thread Programming_, Sams,
- Bill Lewis: _Threads Primer: A Guide to Multithreaded Programming_, Prentice Hall,
- Steve Kleiman, Devang Shah, Bart Smaalders: _Programming With Threads_, SunSoft Press,
- Pat Villani: _Advanced WIN32 Programming: Files, Threads, and Process Synchronization_, Harpercollins Publishers,
- Jim Beveridge, Robert Wiener: _Multithreading Applications in Win32_, Addison-Wesley,
- Thuan Q. Pham, Pankaj K. Garg: _Multithreaded Programming with Windows NT_,  Prentice Hall,
- Len Dorfman, Marc J. Neuberger: _Effective Multithreading in OS/2_, McGraw-Hill Osborne Media,
- Alan Burns, Andy Wellings: _Concurrency in ADA_, Cambridge University Press,
- Uresh Vahalia: _Unix Internals: the New Frontiers_, Prentice Hall,
- Alan L. Dennis:  _.Net Multithreading _, Manning Publications Company,
- Tobin Titus, Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati, Srinivasa Sivakumar, Tejaswi Redkar, Sandra Gopikrishna: _C# Threading Handbook_, Peer Information Inc,
- Tobin Titus, Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati, Srinivasa Sivakumar, Tejaswi Redkar, Sandra Gopikrishna: _Visual Basic .Net Threading Handbook_, Wrox Press Inc,

## Other websites

- Multiple Threading in C# , Association for Technotechmedia, August 2016, by Isha Chopra
- Article "Query by Slice, Parallel Execute, and Join: A Thread Pool Pattern in Java " by Binildas C. A.
- Ars Technica article about multithreading, etc
- Answers to frequently asked questions for comp.programming.threads
- The C10K problem
- Article "The Free Lunch Is Over: A Fundamental Turn Toward Concurrency in Software" by Herb Sutter
- Article "The Problem with Threads " by Edward Lee
- parallel computing community
- POSIX threads explained by Daniel Robbins
- Multithreading in the Solaris Operating Environment
- Developer's Reference and tutorial
Cinderella III: A Twist in Time

***Cinderella III: A Twist in Time*** (also called ***Cinderella: A Twist in Time*** in Europe and the United Kingdom) is as 2007 American second sequel to Disney's animated movie _Cinderella_.

## Summary

Lady Tremaine gets the fairy godmother's wand and goes back through time, reversing all of which the fairy godmother did in the original movie. Everything that she had made (the dress, the horses and the carriage) which were the reasons why and how Cinderella went to the royal ball are now gone. So, with all the magic gone, will there be a happily ever after all? It's up to Cinderella to return the wand back to the Fairy Godmother so that she can restore all of the magic once again.

## Voice cast

- Jennifer Hale as Cinderella
- Tami Tappan Damiano as Cinderella (singing voice, credited as Tami Tappan)
- Susanne Blakeslee as Lady Tremaine
- Rob Paulsen as Jaq, Grand Duke & Bishop
- Corey Burton as Gus
- C. D. Barnes as Prince Charming
- Tress MacNeille as Anastasia
- Russi Taylor as The Fairy Godmother & Drizella
- Andre Stojka as The King
- Frank Welker as Lucifer
- Holland Taylor as Prudence
Additional voices were provided by Jeff Bennett.

## Release

Cinderella III: A Twist in Time was released on February 6, 2007 and went back to the Disney Vault on January 31, 2008.

### DVD Features

- Games and Activities
_Bibbidi-Bobbidi Game_

_Cinderella's Ballroom_ (DVD-ROM)
- Music and More
_"I Still Believe" Music Video By: Hayden Panettiere_
- Backstage Disney
_Backstage At Disney Cruise Line's "Twice Charmed"_

_First Look At The New DVD, "Disney Princess Enchanted Tales"_

## Other websites

- Cinderella III: A Twist in Time DVD Official Disney Website

- Director Frank Nissen on _Cinderella III: A Twist in Time_

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Cinderella III: A Twist in Time
- **writer**: Steve Bencich
Ron J. Friedman
Eddie Guzelian
Robert Reece
Colleen Millea Ventimilia
- **director**: Frank Nissen
- **producer**: Margot Pipkin
- **studio**: Walt Disney Pictures
- **distributor**: Buena Vista Pictures
- **language**: English
- **released**: February 6, 2007
- **starring**: Jennifer Hale
Lola Sanchez
Susanne Blakeslee
Lesli Margherita
Corey Burton
Tami Tappan
- **runtime**: 76 minutes
- **music**: Alan Zachary
Michael Weiner
Joel McNeely
Tilde de Paula

**Tilde de Paula** (born November 14, 1972) is a Swedish television host and presenter. She was born and raised in Chile and has won many awards for her television work in Sweden.
Sofia Wistam

**Sofia Wistam** (may 15 1966) is a Swedish television host and radio talk show host.
Gry Forssell

**Gry Forssell** (born February 16, 1973 in Växjö, Sweden) is a Swedish television presenter on TV4.

## Life

Forssell grew up in Luleå. After high school, she became a presenter at Sweden's public TV, Sveriges Television (SVT). She worked  on shows like _PM_ and _Pickup_. She also appeared as an actress in an episode of _Ronny and Ragge_, playing a character named Bettan.

She later hosted shows like _Filmguiden_ (TV1000), _Vinnare med V75_, _På plats_ (TV4), and _Sommartoppen_ (Sveriges Radio P3) from 1994 to 1999. Forssell also co-hosted the lifestyle program _Silikon_ with Ulrika Eriksson from 1998 to 2001. She also appeared in TV ads for Comviq.

In 2004, Forssell became a radio host at Mix Megapol. She hosted the morning show _Gry Forssell med vänner_ (previously _Äntligen morgon_) with Jakob Öqvist and Karolina Widerström. The show won the Radio Academy’s "Best Morning Show" award in 2005 and 2008.

In 2014, Forssell started a podcast called _Hemma hos Gry_ with her husband Alexander Kossek and Malin Stenbäck. The podcast includes interviews with famous people.

Forssell also appeared in the TV show _På spåret_ in 2023/24 and 2024/25, with Jonas Rhodiner.

## Radio and TV shows

- _Byhåla 2_ (SVT, 1992)
- _PM_ (SVT, 1992–1993)
- _Pickup_ (SVT, 1993)
- _Filmguiden_ (TV1000, 1995)
- _På plats_ (TV4, 1995)
- _Sommartoppen_ (Sveriges Radio P3, 1995–2000)
- _Silikon_ (TV3, 1998–2001)
- _Sommarkrysset_ (TV4, 2006–2008, 2010)
- _Körslaget_ (TV4, 2008–2013)
- _Gladiatorerna_ (TV4, 2011)
- _O, Helga Natt_ (TV4, 2014)
- _Sveriges Bästa_ (TV4, 2018–2019)
Cynthia McKinney

**Cynthia McKinney** (born March 17, 1955) is an American politician. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia. She was the 2008 presidential candidate for the Green Party. She was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia from 1993 until 2003 and again from 2005 until 2007.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Cynthia McKinney
- **image**: Cynthia McKinney.jpg
- **term start**: January 3, 2005
- **term end**: January 3, 2007
- **predecessor**: Denise Majette
- **successor**: Hank Johnson
- **office**: Member of the
United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives
from Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **constituency**: (1993–97)
 (1997–2003)
- **term start1**: January 3, 1993
- **term end1**: January 3, 2003
- **predecessor1**: Constituency reestablished
- **successor1**: Denise Majette
- **birth name**: Cynthia Ann McKinney
- **birth place**: Atlanta, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, United States, U.S.
- **otherparty**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (before 2007)
Green Party of the United States, Green (2007–present)
- **spouse**: Coy Grandison (divorced)
- **children**: 1
- **education**: University of Southern California (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Tufts University (Master of Arts, MA)
Antioch University (Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
Task (computers)

A **task** is a set of program instructions that are loaded in memory, then the address registers is loaded with the initial address to start running the task. It is defined as _"an execution path through address space where part of a plan will be accomplished after executing the task'"_.

Processes are often called tasks in embedded operating systems so "task" gives a meaning of a real-time (also small) application, which differs from a **process**. A process is an instance of a computer program. The kernel creates a process by allocating some memory (in kernel address space and user address space), loading program code from a disk or another part of memory into the newly allocated space, building the process tables and other operating systems structures, calculating the initial address then executes the process as one or more tasks.

Both "task" and "process" should be distinguished from event, which takes place at a **specific** time and **place**, and which can be planned for in a computer program. In a computer graphical user interface (GUI), an event can be as simple as a mouse click or keystroke.

## Notes

1. Today, "tasks" and "processes" refer essentially to the same entity. although they have somewhat different terminological histories, now they are used by most peoples as synonyms.
1. Today, the term "process" is generally preferred over "task", **except** when referring to "multitasking", since the alternative term, "multiprocessing", is too easy to confuse with "multiprocessor" (which is a computer with two or more CPUs), so if "multiprocessing" is used, it is always refers to "multiprocessor".

## Related pages

- Thread (computer science)
- Process (computing)
- Multitasking
Brock

Brock may refer to:

- Brock (Pokémon), a character
- Eddie Brock, a Spider-Man character
Eddie Brock

**Edward Charles Allan  Brock** is a fictional character from Marvel Comics and appears in the Spider-Man comic book universe. He made his first appearance in _The Amazing Spider-Man_ #299 (April 1988). He is best known for being the host of **Venom**.

## Publication history

He first appeared in _The Amazing Spider-Man_ #299 (April 1988).

## Fictional character biography

He was a reporter once working at the Daily Bugle for J. Jonah Jameson until he was fired from his job by Jameson for lying him and covering the truth. He is the original Venom and one of Spider-Man's greatest foes. After being separated from the Venom symbiote and becoming Anti-Venom, he eventually became the second host of the symbiote Toxin, before being bonded with the Venom symbiote once again and resuming his role as the Lethal Protector. He is the archnemesis of Cletus Kasady.

## In other media

He has been known to be in television series, action figures, and video games. He is portrayed in movies by Topher Grace and Tom Hardy.
Process (computing)

In computing, a **process** is an instance of a computer program that is being executed by a computer.

Processes are important to computer systems that have the ability to run several computer programs concurrently. When a computer can run processes concurrently, it will switch between processes quickly to give the impression of running many processes at once. Process switching is controlled by the operating system of a device, and can differ depending on the device.

A computer program itself is just a passive collection of instructions, while a process is the actual execution of those instructions.

Several processes may be associated with the same program; for example, opening up several windows of the same program often means more than one process is being executed. In the computing world, processes are _formally_ defined by the operating systems (OS) running them and so may differ in detail from one OS to another; for example in Microsoft Windows environment each instance of the same application is called a task.

## Related pages

- Thread (computer science)
- Task (computers)
- Multitasking

## References

- Gary D. Knott (1974) _A proposal for certain process management and intercommunication primitives_ ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. Volume 8, Issue 4 (October 1974). pp. 7 – 44

## Other websites

- What Is Process - Computer Process Information Database
Imam Samudra

**Abdul Aziz** aka **Imam Samudra** aka **Qudama** (January 14, 1970, Serang, Banten - November 9, 2008, Bali, Indonesia) was an Indonesian criminal. He was sentenced to execution for his part in the 2002 Bali bombings. The execution was expected to be made during early November 2008. It was done on November 9. Samudra is one of three in a network of the Bali bombers who were sentenced to death.
Huda bin Abdul Haq

**Huda bin Abdul Haq** (February 1960 – 9 November 2008) was an Indonesian sentenced to death for his role in the 2002 Bali bombings. He is a senior and influential Jemaah Islamiah leader with ties to Osama bin Laden. The execution of Huda and Imam Samudra are expected to happened in early November 2008,and was handed down on November 9 by a firing squad.
Amrozi bin Nurhasyim

**Ali Amrozi bin Haji Nurhasyim** (also known as **Amrozi**; 5 July 1962 - 9 November 2008) was an Indonesian who was convicted for his part in the 2002 Bali terrorist bombing. He was executed along with two other men involved in the bombing in early November 2008. Ali was executed on November 9 by a firing squad.
Studs Terkel

**Louis** "**Studs**" **Terkel** (May 16, 1912 – October 31, 2008) was an American author, historian, actor, and broadcaster who lived in Chicago. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1985 for his work _The Good War_. This book collected stories from average people about their memory of World War Two.

The nickname "Studs" came from his character in a play, after the director would call him that to avoid confusion with another actor called Louis.

## Selected works

- _Giants of Jazz_ (1957) ISBN 1-56584-769-5
- _Division Street: America_ (1967)  ISBN  0-394-42267-8
- _Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression_ (1970)
- _Working: People Talk About What They Do All Day and How They Feel About What They Do_ (1974)
- _Talking to Myself: A Memoir of My Times_ (1977)
- _American Dreams: Lost and Found_ (1983)  ISBN
- _The Good War_ (1984)
- _Chicago_ (1986)
- _The Great Divide: Second Thoughts on the American Dream_ (1988)
- _Race: What Blacks and Whites Think and Feel About the American Obsession_ (1992)
- _Coming of Age: The Story of Our Century by Those Who’ve Lived It_ (1995)
- _My American Century_ (1997)
- _The Spectator: Talk About Movies and Plays With Those Who Make Them_ (1999)
- _Will the Circle Be Unbroken: Reflections on Death, Rebirth and Hunger for a Faith_ (2001)
- _Hope Dies Last: Keeping the Faith in Difficult Times_ (2003)
- _And They All Sang: Adventures of an Eclectic Disc Jockey_ (2005)  ISBN |1-59558-003-4
- _Touch and Go_ (2007)
- _P.S. Further Thoughts From a Lifetime of Listening_ (2008)

## Other websites

- Studs Terkel's Official Site
- Audio & Video Archive of Studs Terkel Interviews on Democracy Now!
- 2005 video of WFMT Critic-at-Large Andrew Patner's interview with Studs Terkel at the University of Chicago
- Direct link to Studs Terkel Video on InDepth of C-SPAN
- 1988 audio interview with Studs Terkel by Don Swaim of CBS Radio - RealAudio
- Studs Terkel - The Last Touch - interviews with Terkel by Alan Hall in 2004 and 2005 - streaming and podcast audio on ABC Radio National
- In October, 2008 looking forward to the historic election in America, he gave his last interview.
- 2007 video interview with Studs Terkel by Amy Goodman of Democracy Now!
- http://www.legacy.com/ChicagoTribune/GB/Guestbookview.aspx?PersonID=119583246 The Legacy.com page for Studs Terkel
- http://www.chicagotribune.com/video/?slug=chi-terkel-wn Video: Remembering Studs Terkel
- BBC Obituary: Pulitzer winner Terkel dies at 96 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7703428.stm
- Signature of Studs Terkel
- news.bbc.co.uk, BBC, Obituary: Studs Terkel

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Studs Terkel
- **image**: Studs Terkel 2007.jpg
- **caption**: Terkel at a 2007 rally about health care
- **birth place**: New York City, New York,
United States
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois,
United States