juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ray Benson

**Ray Benson** (born March 16, 1951 ) is an American country singer. He has been the singer and leader of the band Asleep at the Wheel since it was founded in 1969. With the band, Benson has released 20 albums and won 9 Grammy Awards. In 2003, he released his first solo album. Benson is also a producer. He has worked on albums and singles for Dale Watson, Suzy Bogguss, Aaron Watson, Carolyn Wonderland, Willie Nelson, Aaron Neville, Brad Paisley, Pam Tillis, Trace Adkins, Merle Haggard, and Vince Gill.

## Personal life and early career

Ray Benson was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  to Jewish family. He started his band, Asleep at the Wheel, in 1969.

In March 2020, Benson was diagnosed with COVID-19.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Ray Benson
- **image**: Ray_Benson_15April2008.jpg
- **caption**: Ray Benson
- **background**: solo_singer
- **years active**: 1967-present
- **birth place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- **origin**: Galveston, Texas, United States
- **genre**: country music, Western swing
- **occupation**: singer, guitarist
Holger Juul Hansen

**Holger Juul Hansen** (August 14, 1924 – March 19, 2013) was an Danish actor.

Hansen was in many Danish movies and television shows. He was best known for his roles as the banker Hans Christian Varnæs, head of one of the two rival families in _Matador_, and as Doctor Moesgaard in _The Kingdom_.

Hansen was born on August 14, 1924 in Nyborg, Denmark. Hansen died on March 19, 2013 in Denmark from natural causes, aged 88.
Marty Allen

**Marty Allen** (born **Morton David Alpern**, March 23, 1922 – February 12, 2018) was an American comedian, actor, activist, and writer. Allen was known for his stand-up comedy jokes in nightclubs in California and in Las Vegas. He also wrote books about his career and support many foundations.

Allen was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to a Jewish family. He studied at Taylor Allderdice High School and at the University of Southern California. Allen was married to Frenchie Allen until her death in 1976. Then he was married to Katie Blackwell from 1984 until his death in 2018. He had no children.

Allen lived in Las Vegas, Nevada and in Los Angeles, California. He died of problems from pneumonia in Las Vegas on February 12, 2018. He was 95.

## Other websites

- An Interview with Marty Allen, May 2011
- Official site
Robin Stjernberg

**Robin James Olof Stjernberg** born 22 February 1991, Hässleholm, Sweden) is a Swedish pop singer. He represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö on 18 May 2013 with the song "You".
Adjustment disorder

**Adjustment disorder** happens when a person is unable to cope with or adjust to certain stressors. People who have adjustment disorder often have symptoms such as losing interest, being sad, crying, feeling anxious and constant worries. These symptoms are from outside stressors, although they resolve when individuals become used to the situations. The stressors may include, although are not limited to: hurricanes, being abused, accidents and traumatic events. This problem can happen at any age. In adults, however, adult women are diagnosed almost twice as often as men.
Rik Wilson

**Richard William Wilson** (June 17, 1962 – January 22, 2016) was an American sports trainer and retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played 7 seasons in the National Hockey League.

Wilson played 5 seasons game with the St. Louis Blues and then joined the Calgary Flames for 2 games. He ended his NHL career with the Chicago Blackhawks after playing 14 games with them. He retired from professional hockey in 1988. Wilson currently owns Power Play Performance Sports Training, a sports training center in St. Louis.

Wilson died on January 22, 2016 from unknown causes in St. Louis, Missouri at the age of 53.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image size**: 230px
- **position**: Defenceman, Defense
- **played for**: St. Louis Blues
 Calgary Flames
 Chicago Blackhawks
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 180
- **birth place**: Long Beach, California, Long Beach, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: St. Louis, Missouri, MO, USA
- **career start**: 1981
- **career end**: 1988
- **draft**: 12th overall
- **draft year**: 1980
- **draft team**: St. Louis Blues
Valerie Mahaffey

**Valerie Mahaffey** (June 16, 1953 – May 30, 2025) was an American actress who acted mostly for television programs. She appeared in _Desperate Housewives_, _Big Sky_ and _Young Sheldon_. She acted in some movies during her career such as _Jack and Jill_ and _Sully_. Maheffey won an Emmy Award in 1992.

Mahaffey was born in Sumatra, Indonesia to a Canadian mother and an American father. She was raised near Austin, Texas.

Mahaffey died of cancer on May 30, 2025 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 71.
Powell River, British Columbia

**Powell River** is a city in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Powell River is in the northern part of the Sunshine Coast region.

The population of Powell River was 13,943 in 2021. The mayor of Powell River is Ron Woznow. The historic townsite was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1995. Powell River has an ice hockey team, the Powell River Kings which play in the British Columbia Hockey League. Powell River was named a "Cultural Capital of Canada" in 2004 because of the its strong arts and cultural programs.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: City of Powell River
- **image skyline**: Powell River Aerial 2004.jpg
- **imagesize**: 280px
- **image caption**: An aerial view of Powell River in 2004
- **pushpin map**: Canada British Columbia
- **pushpin map caption**: Where Powell River is in British Columbia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Canada
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces and territories of Canada, Province
- **subdivision name1**: British Columbia
- **subdivision type2**: Regions of Canada#British Columbia, Region
- **subdivision name2**: Sunshine Coast (British Columbia), Sunshine Coast
- **subdivision type3**: Regional districts of British Columbia, Regional District
- **subdivision name3**: qathet Regional District
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: 1912
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1955
- **established title3**: Reincorporated as a City
- **established date3**: 2005
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Ron Woznow
- **leader title1**: City Council
- **area total km2**: 28.91
- **area metro km2**: 799.80
- **elevation m**: 50
- **elevation ft**: 164
- **population total**: 13,943
- **population as of**: 2021
- **population density km2**: 482.4
- **population metro**: 17,825
- **population density metro km2**: 22.3
- **population note**: 21,496 (district)
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, PST
- **utc offset**: −8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: −7
- **postal code type**: Canadian postal code#Forward sortation areas, Forward sortation area
- **postal code**: List of V postal codes of Canada, V8A
- **area code**: Area code 604, 604, Area code 778, 778, Area code 236, 236, Area code 672, 672
Reactive attachment disorder

**Reactive attachment disorder** is a severe condition which affects children and is represented by markedly disturbed or substandard ways of socially relating onto others. The problem may take the form of constant failure to initiate social interaction or too much response to relative strangers. Obvious symptoms for those affected include a failure to form normal attachment to primary caregivers. This may result because of abuse, sudden separation, trauma or neglect. The condition begins to affect children usually between three and 36 months past birth.
Teresa of Ávila

**Teresa of Ávila**, also called **Saint Teresa of Jesus**, baptized as **Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada**, (March 28, 1515 – early or mid October 1582) was a well known Spanish mystic, Roman Catholic saint, Carmelite nun, writer of the Counter Reformation, and theologian of contemplative life through mental prayer. She was a reformer of the Carmelite Order and is considered to be a founder of the Discalced Carmelites along with John of the Cross.

In 1622, forty years after her death, she was canonized by Pope Gregory XV and was in 1970 named a Doctor of the Church by Pope Paul VI. Her books, which include her autobiography (The Life of Teresa of Jesus) and her seminal work El Castillo Interior (The Interior Castle) are an integral part of Spanish Renaissance literature as well as Christian mysticism and Christian meditation practices as she entails in her other important work, Camino de Perfección (The Way of Perfection).

## Quote

'Would it not be gross ignorance, my daughters, if, when a man was questioned about his name, or country, or parents, he could not answer? Stupid as this would be, it is unspeakably more foolish to care to learn nothing of our nature except that we possess bodies, and only to realise vaguely that we have souls...
(Interior Castle, chapter one)

## Other websites

- Christian Classics
Charles Baudelaire

**Charles Pierre Baudelaire** (9 April 1821 – 31 August 1867) was a French symbolist and modernist poet and art critic.

He is best known for his volume of poetry _Les Fleurs du mal_ (The Flowers of Evil) in 1857. Baudelaire was born in Paris, and studied law at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. Baudelaire's first publication was his art review _Salon of 1845._

## Other websites

- Works by or about Charles Baudelaire (Internet Archive)
Alienware

**Alienware Corporation** is an American company, and, computer hardware manufacturer. The main product they create is gaming computers. They are a subsidiary of Dell. Alienware is mainly engaged in assembling personal computers (including laptops) from component third-party manufacturers. The company's products are used for graphically heavy applications, such as video and audio editing and modeling.

## History

The company was founded in 1996 Nelson Gonzalez and Alex Agila.

Alienware was the first one who brought a number of new technologies to the market:

- First gamer's laptop.
- First laptop with dual graphics.
- Liquid cooling for all desktops as standard.
Until 2006, the company was independent. It was a small firm that served only six countries (USA, Canada and four countries in Western Europe) and worked with all four languages. In 2006, it was bought by Dell, and from that time Alienware plans to be presented worldwide.

In the modern portfolio, these are some Alienware products: two desktop gaming stations, three models of game laptops, two classes "replacement desktop" and one mobile, as well as a line of accessories.

## Other websites

Alienware website
Peggy Ann Garner

**Peggy Ann Garner** (February 3, 1932-October 16, 1984) was an American actress. She acted in many movies and television programs. She acted mostly during her childhood. She was born in Canton, Ohio. She died in California from pancreatic cancer.
Honeymoon in Vegas

***Honeymoon in Vegas*** is a 1992 romantic comedy movie. Sarah Jessica Parker and Nicolas Cage are featured. James Caan also acts in it. This movie was released on August 28 1992 by Columbia Pictures. It got positive reviews. Its box office intake was also good.
Fijian

**Fijian** might mean:

- Anything related to Fiji, a country in the Pacific Ocean
- Fijian language
Georgian

**Georgian** might mean

- Anything related to Georgia (country)
    - Georgian language
        - Georgian alphabet
    - Georgian people
- Anything related to Georgia (U.S. state)
- Georgian era, the period from 1714 to 1830, during the reigns of the British kings George I, George II, George III, and George IV

## Related pages

- Georgia, a disambiguation page
Simply Irresistible

***Simply Irresistible*** is a 1999 American romantic comedy-drama fantasy movie. The subject mixes magic, romance and love. Sarah Michelle Gellar, Patricia Clarkson and Amanda Peet are among the cast. This romantic comedy movie was released February 1999. The reviews were not good. And its box office performance was poor.
Back to the Known

***Back to the Known*** is the second EP released by Bad Religion. The EP was released in 1985. The name of the EP is a reference to the band no longer playing the progressive rock music of its previous album, 1983's _Into the Unknown_, and returning to its punk roots.

|colspan=4|Track listing|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1.|"Yesterday"|Graffin|2:39|
|2.|"Frogger"|Hetson|1:19|
|3.|"Bad Religion"|Gurewitz|2:10|
|4.|"Along The Way"|Graffin|1:36|
|5.|"New Leaf"|Graffin|2:53|
|colspan=4 align=right|Total length:10:37|||
Chancel

The **chancel** is a part of the architecture of many churches. It serves as a barrier between the part of the church accessible to lay people and the choir, which was reserved to the clergy. The rood screen has the same function, but a different layout. The Iconostasis is a kind of chancel which is richly decorated, and is used in Eastern Orthodox churches.

The chancel is where the congregation receives the blood and body of Jesus. The  chancel is usually found in a Roman Catholic church. The bread and wine are changed to the body and blood of Jesus through transubstantiation. The Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 required clergy made sure that the area was inaccessible to the public. The main altar of the church is usually in the area behind the Chancel.
Salal

**Salal** is the common English name of a plant in the family Ericaceae. The Lewis and Clark Expedition found it in North America. The expedition took place from 1804 to 1806. Frederick Traugott Pursh first described it. The official botanical name is _Gaultheria shallon_. It is also known as **shallon** or **Gaultheria** in English. The plant was introduced to Great Britain in 1828. Today, it is often used for flower arrangements. It was also used as a cover for pheasants. The plant also has medicinal properties. It is used for treatment of inflammation and cramps. The plant is called "Shallon-Scheinbeere" in German language. The young leaves and berries can be eaten.
Fitts's law

**Fitts's law** is a theorem which states that the time needed to reach a surface is proportional to the distance from that surface, and to its size. Paul Fitts stated this theorem in 1954. Today, the theroem is mostly used for the development of user interfaces.
Deron Quint

**Deron Timothy Quint** (born March 12, 1976) is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman. He played parts of eleven seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Winnipeg Jets, Phoenix Coyotes, New Jersey Devils, Columbus Blue Jackets, Chicago Blackhawks, and New York Islanders.

He would also play for Eisbären Berlin and EHC Red Bull München of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL), as well as, Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, Traktor Chelyabinsk, Spartak Moscow, and CSKA Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

During his last season playing professional ice hockey, Quint would sign a one-year contract and would help EHC Red Bull München win the championship after they defeated EHC Wolfsburg four games to one. He would retire after the year.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Deron Quint
- **image**: Deron quint.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Quint during his time with Eisbären Berlin
- **birth place**: Durham, New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 2
- **weight lb**: 219
- **position**: Defenceman (ice hockey), Defense
- **shoots**: Left
- **played for**: Winnipeg Jets (1972–96), Winnipeg Jets
Phoenix Coyotes
New Jersey Devils
Columbus Blue Jackets
Chicago Blackhawks
Eisbären Berlin
New York Islanders
HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk
HC Spartak Moscow, Spartak Moscow
HC CSKA Moscow, CSKA Moscow
Traktor Chelyabinsk
EHC Red Bull München, EHC München
- **ntl team**: USA
- **draft**: 30th overall
- **draft year**: 1994
- **draft team**: Winnipeg Jets (1972–96), Winnipeg Jets
- **career start**: 1995
- **career end**: 2017
Shapley Supercluster

The **Shapley Supercluster** or **Shapley Concentration** (**SCl 124**) is the largest concentration of galaxies in our nearby universe.

It is a gravitationally interacting unit 650 million light years away (z=0.046). This means it pulls itself together, instead of expanding with the universe. It is an overdensity in the distribution of galaxies in the constellation of Centaurus.

## History

In the late 1920s, Harlow Shapley and his colleagues at the Harvard College Observatory started a survey of galaxies in the southern sky, using photographic plates obtained at the 24-inch Bruce telescope at Bloemfontein, South Africa. He found a 'cloud' in the constellation of Centaurus to be the most striking concentration of galaxies.

In recent times, the Shapley Supercluster was rediscovered, in a survey of galaxies at the University of Cambridge in England. In this paper, the supercluster was named after Shapley, in recognition of his pioneering survey of galaxies in which this concentration of galaxies was first seen. Around the same time, others had noticed a remarkable concentration of clusters in the Abell catalogue of galaxy clusters: they had named it the _Alpha concentration_.
Jake Bugg

**Jake Bugg** (born 28 February 1994) is an English singer and songwriter. He was born and raised in Nottingham. He was chosen by the BBC to participate in the Glastonbury Festival in 2011. He got a contract with a record label after that.

His first album, _Jake Bugg_, was released on 15 October 2012. It came top of the charts in the UK and in Scotland. He has published seven singles from his album: "Trouble Town", "Country Song", "Lightning Bolt", "Taste It", "Two Fingers", "Seen It All" and "Broken".

Bugg released his second album _Shangri La_ on 18 November 2013.

Bugg was nominated for "British Breakthrough Act" at the 2013 Brit Awards.

His third album _On My One_ was released on 17 June 2016.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Jake Bugg.jpg
- **caption**: Jake Bugg in 2012
- **name**: Jake Bugg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Jake Edwin Kennedy
- **birth place**: Nottingham, England
- **genre**: Indie rock, Indie folk, Blues
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals, guitar, harmonica, Bass guitar, bass
- **years active**: 2011–present
- **label**: Mercury Records, Mercury (2011–present)
Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games

***Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games*** is a sports video game created by Sega Sports R&D and published by Nintendo. It is the first video game to have both _Mario_ and _Sonic the Hedgehog_ characters. It was released for the Wii in November 2007 and for the Nintendo DS in January 2008. It was the official video game of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games.

## Gameplay

Players can play 24 events. Both versions have different events. The events are based off of the actual Olympic events played in real life. 16 characters are playable. They are separated into four categories: all-around, speed, power, and skill. In the Wii version, the player can also play as a Mii created in the Mii Channel.

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Sega Sports R&D
- **designer**: Shigeru Miyamoto <small>(supervisor)</small>
- **series**: _Mario & Sonic_
- **genre**: Sports game, Sports
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer game, multiplayer
- **platforms**: Wii, Nintendo DS
Altınyazı, Mucur

**Altınyazı** is a village in Turkey. It is in the Kırşehir Province. The population is around 220. The village was founded about 2000 years ago. The old name of Altınyazı was **Aflak**, after an old Seljukid general who died here.
Edward G. Robinson

**Edward G. Robinson** (born **Emanuel Goldenberg**; December 12, 1893 – January 26, 1973) was a Romanian-American actor. He was known for his roles as Rico in _Little Caesar_ and as Rocco in _Key Largo_. Other well-known roles include Barton Keyes in the movie _Double Indemnity_, Dathan  in _The Ten Commandments_, and his final role as Sol Roth in _Soylent Green_. He won an honorary Academy Award in 1973, two months after his death. He was listed in the 25 Greatest Male Actors of All Time.

## Early life

Robinson was born on December 12, 1893 in Bucharest, Romania to a Jewish-Yiddish family. After his brother was attacked by the Mafia, Robinson and his family moved to New York City in February 1903.

### Education

He studied at Townsend Harris High School and at City College of New York. He then studied to become an actor at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. His career began in 1913, ten years after moving to the United States.

## Personal life

Robinson was married to Gladys Lloyd from 1927 until they divorced in 1956. Then he was married to Jane Robinson from 1958 until his death in 1973. He had one son with Gladys and one step-daughter from his last marriage. Robinson was a Liberal Democrat.

### Death

Robinson died on January 26, 1973 in his home in Los Angeles, California from bladder cancer, aged 79. He was buried at Beth-El Cemetery in Queens, New York.

## Other websites

- Photographs and literature

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Edward G. Robinson
- **image**: Edward G. Robinson - still.jpg
- **caption**: 1930s publicity photo
- **birth name**: Emanuel Goldenberg
- **birth place**: Bucharest, Kingdom of Romania, Romania
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Bladder cancer
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1913–73
- **awards**: Academy Honorary Award, Honorary Academy Award (1973)
Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award (1969)
- **spouse**:
Carole Lombard

**Carole Lombard** (October 6, 1908 – January 16, 1942) was an American actress. She was one of the highest paid movie stars in Hollywood with the total of $500,000. She was listed as one of the greatest female actors of all time.

Lombard was born on October 6, 1908 in Fort Wayne, Indiana United States She studied at Virgil Jr. High School and then at Fairfax High School. She was married to William Powell from 1931 until they divorced in 1933. Then she was married to Clark Gable from 1939 until her death in 1942. She had 3 stepchildren. Lombard died on January 16, 1942 in a plane crash in Mount Potosi, Nevada, United States of America aged 33 years old.

## Other websites

- Carole Lombard at Virtual History
- Carole Lombard at Find a Grave
Empire Records

***Empire Records*** is a 1995 teen romantic comedy movie. The subject is a record store in Delaware that tries to remain independent. Liv Tyler, Renée Zellweger and Robin Tunney play store officials. _Empire Records_ got negative reviews from critics. The movie performed very poorly in the box office. The movie was released in September 1995.
Its soundtrack was rated excellent by many critics.
June Lockhart

**June Kathleen Lockhart** (June 25, 1925 – October 23, 2025) was an American actress. She acted primarily on television programs. She worked mostly in the 1950s and 1960s. She played Timmy's mother in the long-running _Lassie_. She appeared later in _Lost In Space_. She also played Doctor Janet Craig in the sitcom _Petticoat Junction_. She was born in New York City. She was given a Special Tony Award in 1948.

Lockhart turned 100 in June 2025. She died four months later on October 23, 2025 at her home in Santa Monica, California from natural causes.
Jane Withers

**Jane Withers** (April 12, 1926 – August 7, 2021) was an American child actress. She played Josephine the Plumber in Comet Cleaner ads in the 1960s and 1970s. She acted primarily in movies. She also acted on television. Withers was born in Atlanta, Georgia.

Withers died on August 7, 2021 in Burbank, California at the age of 95.

## Other websites

- Biographical information and vintage photographs of Jane Withers

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jane Withers
- **image**: Jane Withers Argentinean Magazine AD.jpg
- **birth name**: Jane Withers
- **birth place**: Atlanta, Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, U.S.
- **death place**: Burbank, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **yearsactive**: 1929–2002
- **spouse**: William P. Moss Jr.
<small>(m.1947-1954; divorced)</small>
Kenneth Errair
<small>(m.1955-1968; his death)</small>
- **awards**: Award, ★ Hollywood Walk of Fame
Award, ★ Young Artist Former Child Star Lifetime Achievement Award, Young Artist Former Child Star     "Lifetime Achievement" Award
C. Aubrey Smith

**Sir Charles Aubrey Smith** CBE(July 21, 1863 – December 20, 1948) was an English actor and cricket player. He was known for his roles in _The Four Fathers_ (1939), _Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde_ (1941), and in _And Then There Were None_ (1945).

Smith was born on July 21, 1863 in London, England. He studied at the Charterhouse School and at St John's College, Cambridge. Smith was married to Isabella Wood from 1896 until his death in 1948. They had one child.

Smith died on December 20, 1948 in his home in Beverly Hills, California from pneumonia, aged 85. He was cremated. He was buried at St Leonard's Churchyard in Hove, East Sussex.

## Other websites

- Stage performances in Theatre Archive University of Bristol
- CricketArchive page on C. Aubrey Smith
Millennium Force

**Millennium Force** is a steel giga roller coaster built by Intamin at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. When it opened on May 13, 2000, it was the world's first giga roller coaster at 310 feet tall. It was also the world's tallest and fastest roller coaster for a short time until Steel Dragon 2000 opened later that year. It is also the second longest roller coaster in North America after The Beast at Kings Island.

## Other websites

- Official Millennium Force page
- Millennium Force  at The Point Online
- Millennium Force at Coaster-Net
- Roller Coaster Philosophy review of Millennium Force
- Millennium Force Detailed Review
- Construction video

## Infobox (roller coaster)

- **name**: Millennium Force
- **image**: Millennium Force (Cedar Point) 06.JPG
- **imagedimensions**: 250px
- **caption**: The  lift hill and 122° overbank turn of Millennium Force
- **location**: Cedar Point
- **section**: Frontier Trail
- **status**: Operating
- **year**: 2000
- **cost**: United States dollar, US$25,000,000
- **previousattraction**: Cedar Point#Family rides, Giant Wheel
- **type**: Steel
- **manufacturer**: Intamin
- **designer**: Werner Stengel
- **model**: Roller coaster#By height, Giga Coaster
- **track**: Out and back roller coaster, Out and back
- **lift**: Lift hill, Cable lift hill
- **height ft**: 310
- **drop ft**: 300
- **length ft**: 6595
- **speed mph**: 93
- **inversions**: 0
- **duration**: 2:20
- **angle**: 80
- **capacity**: 1,300
- **gforce**: 4.5
- **restriction in**: 48-78
- **trains**: 3
- **carspertrain**: 9
- **rowspercar**: 2
- **ridersperrow**: 2
- **virtual queue name**: Fast Lane (Cedar Fair), Fast Lane
- **virtual queue image**: Cedar Fair Fast Lane availability icon.svg
- **virtual queue status**: available
- **custom label 1**: Restraints
- **custom value 1**: T-bars With Seatbelt
- **rcdb number**: 594
Marjorie Lord

**Marjorie Lord** (July 26, 1918 – November 28, 2015) was an American actress. She acted mostly in television programs. She acted with Danny Thomas in _Make Room for Daddy_. She was the mother of actress Anne Archer. Lord was born in San Francisco, California.

Lord died in San Francisco on November 28, 2015 at the age of 97.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: The Middleton Family at the New York World's Fair - Marjorie Lord.jpg
- **caption**: Lord in _The Middleton Family at the New York World's Fair_
- **name**: Marjorie Lord
- **birthname**: Marjorie Wollenberg
- **birth place**: San Francisco, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 1935–2008
- **children**: 2, including Anne Archer
- **relatives**: Tommy Davis (Scientology), Tommy Davis (grandson)
- **occupation**: Actress
Carol Alt

**Carol Ann Alt** (born December 1, 1960) is an American model and actress.

She first became famous around 1983. She did commercials for Diet Pepsi, Hanes, General Motors and many more. She was also on a lot of magazine covers. Alt was born in New York City.

Alt appeared on the first season of _The Celebrity Apprentice_. She was eliminated before the final, coming third place out of 14 contestants.
Susanne Lothar

**Susanne Lothar** (15 November 1960 - 21 July 2012) was a German actress. She was born in Hamburg to actors Ingrid Andree and Hanns Lothar. She acted mostly in independent movies. She was in _The White Ribbon_ and _The Piano Teacher_. She also performed on stage. She died in Berlin in July 2012.
Sora (Kingdom Hearts)

**Sora** is the main character of the _Kingdom Hearts_ video game series.

He is a teenager from Destiny Islands. He is best friends with both Riku and Kairi since his early childhood. He fights with a weapon called a keyblade and fights alongside Donald Duck and Goofy in the Kingdom Hearts games. They travel to different Disney worlds to protect the people living there from villains.

He was featured at #5 on Famitsu's "Most Popular Characters as Voted On By Fans". He was also ranked at #19 on UGO Networks list of "Top 25 Japanese RPG Characters". He is voiced by Haley Joel Osment in the English version of the game and by Miyu Irino in the Japanese version.

## Other websites

- Sora  on IGN

## Infobox (vg character)

- **name**: Sora
- **image**:
- **caption**: Cosplay of Sora
- **series**: _Kingdom Hearts_
- **firstgame**: _Kingdom Hearts (video game), Kingdom Hearts_ (2002)
- **creator**: Tetsuya Nomura
- **artist**: Tetsuya Nomura
- **voiceactor**: Haley Joel Osment
Luke Manriquez (as a child)
- **japanactor**: Miyu Irino
Takuto Yoshinaga (as a child)
Nintendo World Store

The **Nintendo World Store** is a specialty store that sells Nintendo video games and merchandise. It is located at 10 Rockefeller Center in New York City. It is owned by Nintendo. It opened on May 14, 2005, replacing the Pokémon Center that was there before.

The store is a two-story building. The first floor has Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, and _Pokémon Black 2 and White 2_ sections. The second floor has a section with Wii consoles available for anyone to play. In addition, there are also Nintendo 3DS consoles available to play in the store. Some of the things that are sold there are exclusive to the store, meaning that they can only be bought there.

The store holds special tournaments and shows for new games. Early copies of the game and prizes are given out to the winners.

## Other websites

- Official website
Fran Warren

**Frances Wolfe** (better known as **Fran Warren**; 4 March 1926 – 4 March 2013) was an American actress and singer. She had several hit songs. She acted in a few movies. She was born in and died near New York City.
Carriel Sur International Airport

The **Carriel Sur International Airport** (, ) is an international airport near Concepción, Chile. It is 8 km from downtown. The airport was opened on January 3, 1968. This is second largest airport in Chile after Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport. This airport is operated by Sociedad Concesionaria Aerosur S.A.. The airport has flights to Santiago de Chile, Puerto Montt, Temuco and Pucón.

## Other websites

- Carriel Sur's official website
Next to Me (song)

"**Next to Me**" is a 2012 romantic single from Emeli Sandé. The song is about timing, romance and being close to somebody. This single hit #1 in Europe. It was a moderate success in the United States during 2012.
Back to December

**"Back to December"** is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. It is from her third studio album, _Speak Now_ (2010).

The song was released in the United States on November 15, 2010. It was the second single from _Speak Now_. According to Swift, "Back to December" is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. The song is about breakup and wanting to go back to former times. Its lyrics are a remorseful plea for forgiveness for breaking up with a former lover. This single got very high reviews from the critics. It was a hit in the United States in 2010. It peaked at #3 on the _Billboard_ Hot Country Songs chart and at #6 on the Hot 100 chart.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Back to December
- **cover**: Back to December 2010.png
- **artist**: Taylor Swift
- **album**: Speak Now
- **released**: November 15, 2010
- **recorded**: 2010
- **genre**: Country pop
- **length**: 4:54
- **label**: Big Machine Records, Big Machine
- **writer**: Taylor Swift
- **prev title**: Mine (song), Mine
- **prev year**: 2010
- **next title**: Mean (song), Mean
- **next year**: 2011
Fifteen (song)

**"Fifteen"** is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. The song is about heartbreak at age 15, being sad and coping with it. This single was a moderate hit in the United States. The release date was September 2009.

## Personnel

Adapted from the liner notes of _Fearless_
- Taylor Swift – vocals, songwriter, producer
- Nathan Chapman – producer
- Drew Bollman – assistant mixer
- Chad Carlson – recording engineer
- Justin Niebank – mixer

## Accolades

|Year|Organization|Award|Result|Ref.||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan=2|BMI Awards|Award-Winning Songs||rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"||
|Publisher of the Year||||||
|MTV Video Music Awards|Best Female Video|||||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice Country Song||==Charts== ===Weekly charts=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"|||
|35||||||
|55|} ===Year-end charts=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"|||||
|style="text-align:center;"|28|||||
|} ==References==||||||

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Fifteen
- **border**: yes
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Taylor Swift
- **album**: Fearless (Taylor Swift album), Fearless
- **recorded**: 2008
- **studio**: Blackbird (Nashville, Tennessee, Nashville)
- **genre**: * Country pop
* guitar pop
- **length**: 4:54
- **label**: Big Machine Records, Big Machine
- **writer**: Taylor Swift
- **producer**: * Taylor Swift
* Nathan Chapman (record producer), Nathan Chapman
- **prev title**: You Belong with Me
- **prev year**: 2009
- **next title**: Two Is Better Than One
- **next year**: 2009
Rebecca Hall

**Rebecca Maria Hall** (born 3 May 1982) is an English actress. She acts in both movies and television shows. Her movies are the independent type. She was born near London, England. Her father is stage director Peter Hall. She won the British Academy Television Award for her role in the movie _Red Riding: In the Year of Our Lord 1974_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Rebecca Hall
- **image**: Rebecca Hall (Berlin Film Festival 2010).jpg
- **caption**: Hall in 2010
- **birth name**: Rebecca Maria Hall
- **birth place**: London, England
- **alma mater**: St Catharine's College, Cambridge
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **children**: 1
Margaret Leighton

**Margaret Leighton** (26 February 1922-13 January 1976) was an English actress. She acted in many television shows and movies all across western Europe and North America. Leighton was born in England. She died from multiple sclerosis.
Thalassaemia

**Thalassaemia** (or **thalassemia**) is a genetic disorder of the blood which originated in the Mediterranean region.

## Causes

This disease is caused by the weakening and destruction of red blood cells. This is caused by mutant genes which affect how the body makes hemoglobin. Haemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells which carries oxygen. Those with thalassaemia make less haemoglobin and fewer circulating red blood cells than normal, which results in mild or severe anemia.

## Genetics

Carriers are heterozygous for the thalassaemia allele, meaning only one of their two alleles is mutant. There are a number of different versions of thalassaemia. Each one is caused by a mutation in a different position in the genome. In that respect, thalassaemia resembles another genetic disorder affecting haemoglobin, sickle-cell disease.

## Complications

Thalassaemia can cause significant complications, including pneumonia, iron overload, bone deformities and cardiovascular illness. However, this inherited disease of red blood cells gives a degree of protection against malaria, which is or was common in the regions where the trait is common. This selective survival advantage for carriers (known as heterozygous advantage) is responsible for keeping the mutation in populations way above its mutation rate.

## Treatment

It is possible to cure patients with thalassaemia with bone marrow transplants from compatible donors. However, this method requires an HLA-matched compatible donor.

## Infobox (disease)

- **name**: Thalassaemia
- **medlineplus**: 000587
- **emedicinesubj**: ped
- **emedicinetopic**: 2229
- **meshid**: D013789
Prima Donna (song)

"**Prima Donna**" is a 2010 song from Christina Aguilera. It is about empowerment of women. The single was released in June 2010. It received positive reviews from critics.
Cepheid variable

**Cepheids** are a type of very luminous variable stars. There is a strong direct relationship between a Cepheid's luminosity and its pulsation period. This makes Cepheids important standard candles for the galactic and extragalactic distance scales.

Cepheid variables are divided into several subclasses which have clearly different masses, ages, and evolutionary histories:
1. Classical Cepheids
1. Type II Cepheids
1. Anomalous Cepheids
1. Dwarf Cepheids

The first cepheid known was Delta Cephei in the constellation Cepheus, found by John Goodricke in 1784. Delta Cephei is of great importance because its distance is extremely well known, thanks in part to it being in a star cluster, and the precise Hubble Space Telescope/Hipparcos parallaxes.

Cepheids are one of two ways in which the rate of expansion of the Universe can be measured.

### Classical Cepheids

**Classical Cepheids** (also known as Population I Cepheids, Type I Cepheids, or Delta Cephei variables) pulsate with very regular periods of the order of days to months.  Classical Cepheids are population I young variable star<nowiki/>s which are 4–20 times more massive than the Sun, and up to 100,000 times more luminous. Cepheids are yellow supergiants of spectral class F6 – K2. When they pulsate, their radii change by ~25%. For the longer-period I Carinae this means millions of kilometers for a pulsation cycle.

### Type II Cepheids

**Type II Cepheids** (also termed Population II Cepheids) are population II variable stars which pulsate with periods between 1 and 50 days. Type II Cepheids are typically metal-poor, old (~10 giga years), low mass objects (~half the mass of the Sun). Type II Cepheids are divided into several subgroups by period.

Type II Cepheids are used to fix the distance to the galactic center of the Milky Way, globular clusters, and galaxies.

### Anomalous Cepheids

A group of pulsating stars on the instability strip have periods of less than two days, similar to RR Lyrae variables but with higher luminosities. Anomalous Cepheid variables have masses higher than type II Cepheids, RR Lyrae variables, and our Sun. It is unclear whether they are young stars on a "turned-back" horizontal branch, blue stragglers formed through mass transfer in binary systems, or a mix of both.

### Double-mode Cepheids

A small proportion of Cepheid variables have been observed to pulsate in two modes at the same time, usually the fundamental and first overtone, occasionally the second overtone. A very small number pulsate in three modes, or an unusual combination of modes including higher overtones.
GloFish

**Glofish** are fish which glow in the dark. They glow because scientists changed their DNA to make them fluorescent. The seahorse and the zebra fish are two types of fish that have been used to make GloFish.
Lazarus Saturday

**Lazarus Saturday** is the day before Palm Sunday in the Orthodox Church. It celebrates the raising of Lazarus from the dead by Jesus (Gospel of John chapter 11). It is the start of Holy Week.

## Other websites

- Goarch.org
Joe Weider

**Josef Edwin "Joe" Weider** (November 29, 1919 – March 23, 2013) was a Canadian-American bodybuilder, trainer, businessman, and television personality. He was the founder of Mr. Olympia.

Weider was born on November 29, 1919 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada to a Polish-Jewish family. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. His brother was Ben Weider. Weider was married to Betty Brosmer from 1961 until his death in 2013. They had no children. Weider died on March 23, 2013 from heart failure in Los Angeles, California, aged 93.

## Other websites

- Joe Weider: His Fitness Legacy  Article on Weider at Homegymsonline.com
- "Joe Weider True Story" by bodybuilding champion Leroy Colbert
- Weider biographical sketch at IFBB website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Joe Weider
- **birth name**: Joseph Weider
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, United States
- **other names**: The Master Blaster
- **known for**: Creating: The Mr. Olympia Contest & The International Federation of BodyBuilders, IFBB
- **occupation**: Publisher, Fitness Icon, Nutrition Business pioneer
- **spouse**: Hedwiges "Vicky" Uzar (divorced)
Betty Brosmer (m. 1961–2013, his death)
- **children**: Lydia Ross
- **relatives**: Ben Weider (brother, deceased)
Eric Weider (nephew)
George Pullman

**George Mortimer Pullman** (March 3, 1831 – October 19, 1897) was an American engineer and businessman. At the time of his death, he bequeathed 1.2 million dollars for a free school of manual training in the town of Pullman.

Pullman invented the Pullman sleeping car. He founded a company town, Pullman. He did all of his business in Chicago. He was supported by President Grover Cleveland during the Pullman Strike in Chicago.

Pullman was born on March 3, 1831 in Brocton, New York. He was raised in Albion, New York. Pullman was married to Hattie Amelia Sanger from 1867 until his death in 1897. They had four children. Pullman died on October 19, 1897 in Chicago, Illinois from a heart attack, aged 66. He was buried at Graceland Cemetery.

## Other websites

- George M. Pullman Educational Foundation
- PBS: Chicago
- Pullman House in Colorado
- 1910 Steel Pullman Business Car
- Chicago Historical Society
Compound fruit

The term **compound fruit** is sometimes used when it is not clear which of several fruit types a fruit belongs to. A compound fruit is "composed of two or more similar parts".

A compound fruit may be:
- An aggregate fruit, in which one flower contains several separate ovaries, which grow together during development.
- A multiple fruit, in which several flowers, each with an ovary, develop into small fruits that grow together into a larger fruit.
- A simple fruit formed from a compound ovary.

Grapes grow in clusters, but are not compound fruits. Each grape is grown from one ovary in one flower, and they are not attached to one another.
Boeing 80

The **Boeing 80**, sometimes called the **Boeing Model 80** or just the **Model 80**, was an American airliner. It was a biplane with three engines. The Boeing 80 was built by the Boeing Airplane Company. It could carry mail and passengers.

## Development and design

Boeing Air Transport was started on February 17, 1927 by William Boeing. On July 1, 1927, planes from Boeing Air Transport started flying mail from San Francisco to Chicago. At first, the Boeing Model 40A was used for this.

Boeing decided to make a plane to carry passengers. In 1928 it designed the Model 80. The Boeing 80 could carry 12 people. The pilots sat in a cockpit in front of the passengers.

The first Boeing 80 took off on July 27, 1928. Three more Boeing 80s were made before Boeing started to make the Boeing 80A. The Boeing 80A was longer and it could carry 18 people. It also had better engines. It first took off on July 18, 1929.

## History

The Boeing 80 first flew for Boeing Air Transport on September 20, 1928. It soon turned out to be successful. The Boeing 80A started being used in September 1929.

In May 1930, Boeing Air Transport hired eight female flight attendants. They first flew on May 15. The Boeing 80 and 80A were used until the Boeing 247 replaced them in 1934.

## Different types of Boeing 80

- **Model 80** - first type of Boeing 80 (four of these were made)
- **Model 80A** - more aerodynamic and had new engines (10 of these were made)

## Users

- Boeing Air Transport
- Monterey Peninsula Airways
- Morrison-Knudsen Company
- Robert Campbell Reeve
- Standard Oil, California
- United Airlines

## Boeing 80s which still exist

One Boeing 80A was found in a dump at Anchorage Airport in 1960. It was fixed up and it is now in the Museum of Flight in Seattle.

## References

- Notes

- Bibliography

- Bowers, Peter M. _Boeing Aircraft since 1916_. London: Putnam, 1989. .
- Davies, Ed. "Boeing's Airline: The Life and Times of Boeing Air Transport, Part One". _Air Enthusiast_, No. 127, January/February 2007, pp. 64–74. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing.
- Davies, Ed. "Boeing's Airline: The Life and Times of Boeing Air Transport, Part Two". _Air Enthusiast_, No. 128, March/April 2007. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 62–73.
- Taylor, H.A. "When Boeing Flew the Mails". _Air Enthusiast_, Twenty-two, August–November 1983, pp. 64–74. Bromley, UK: Pilot Press.

## Other websites

- "Night Flyers At 10,000 Feet Hurdle The Rockies", _Popular Science,_ August 1931, about the Boeing 80
- "How Many Parts Has The Modern Airplane", _Popular Mechanics,_ January 1932, article about making a Boeing 80

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Model 80
- **image**: Image:Model80.jpg


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Airliner
- **manufacturer**: Boeing
- **first flight**: July 27, 1928
- **introduced**: 1928
- **retired**: 1934
- **primary user**: United Airlines, Boeing Air Transport
- **number built**: 16
- **unit cost**: $75,000 (Model 80A)
Boeing Monomail

The **Boeing Model 200 Monomail** was an American mail plane. It was built in the 1930s by Boeing. It flew for the first time on 6 May 1930.

The Boeing Monomail was a monoplane instead of a biplane. The wing was strong and did not need bracing. Its wheels could be retracted. Only one plane was made for the US Army to look at.  The plane eventually began to fly main from San Francisco to Chicago.

Another version was made, the **Model 221**. It was made longer by 8 inches. This meant it could carry passengers, but less cargo. This version first flew on 18 August 1930.

There were no good engines for the Boeing Monomail to use. By the time good engines could be used, new planes had been made which were better than the Monomail. One of these was the Boeing 247.

## Types of Boeing Monomail

- Model 200
- mailplane (one was built)
- Model 221
- mailplane which could carry six passengers (one was built)
- Model 221A
- Model 200 and 221 changed into airliners

## Users

- Boeing Air Transport
- United Air Lines

## References

- Boeing History - Boeing Monomail Transport Retrieved June 17, 2006.

## Other websites

- Fiddlergreen.net: _Monomail_
- Colorado Wreck Chasing: _Glendo Crash Site_

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Model 200 and 221 Monomail
- **image**: Image:Monomail.jpg
- **caption**: A United Airlines Model 221


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Airliner
- **manufacturer**: Boeing
- **first flight**: 6 May 1930
- **retired**: 1933
- **status**: Retired
- **primary user**: United Airlines
- **number built**: 2
- **developed into**: Boeing YB-9