juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Eucla, Western Australia

Eucla is a small town in the state of Western Australia. It is located near the border with South Australia, on the Eyre Highway, which connects the two states. Eucla is one of the few settlements along the long stretch of road across the Nullarbor Plain.

## Location

Eucla is about 11 kilometers west of the South Australia border and around 1,430 kilometers east of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. It is in the area known as the Shire of Dundas.

## Population

As of the 2021 Census, the population of Eucla was 53 people. Most of the people in the area work in tourism, road services, or nearby stations (large farms).

## History

Eucla was founded in the 1870s. It was an important place for telegraph lines between Western Australia and the rest of the country. A telegraph station was built there in 1877. In the 1890s, a sandstorm partly buried the old station, and the ruins can still be seen today.

## Climate

Eucla has a semi-arid climate. This means it is mostly dry, with hot summers and mild winters. It is one of the few places on the Nullarbor with a small amount of greenery, due to underground water.

## Tourism

Eucla is a popular stop for people driving across Australia. It has a roadhouse, motel, fuel station, and basic services. Tourists often visit the Eucla Telegraph Station ruins and enjoy views of the Great Australian Bight.

## Time Zone

Eucla has its own unofficial time zone called Central Western Time (CWT), which is UTC+8:45. It is not officially recognized but is used locally by residents and businesses.

## Infobox (australian place)

- **type**: town
- **name**: Eucla
- **state**: wa
- **image**: Eucla Hotel Motel, 2017 (03).jpg
- **caption**: Eucla Motor Hotel, 2017
- **local map**: yes
- **zoom**: 8
- **established**: 1870s (gazetted in 1885)
- **postcode**: 6443
- **elevation**: 93
- **timezone**: UTC+8:45, CWST (unofficial)
- **utc**: +8:45
- **dist1**: 1434
- **dir1**: E
- **location1**: Perth
- **dist2**: 893
- **dir2**: E
- **location2**: Kalgoorlie
- **dist3**: 11
- **dir3**: W
- **location3**: WA-SA border
- **dist4**: 492
- **dir4**: W
- **location4**: Ceduna, South Australia, Ceduna
- **dist5**: 709
- **dir5**: E
- **location5**: Norseman, Western Australia, Norseman
- **lga**: Shire of Dundas
- **maxtemp**: 23.5
- **mintemp**: 12.4
- **rainfall**: 321.5
Pinjarra, Western Australia

Pinjarra is a town in the state of Western Australia. It is about 86 kilometres south of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. Pinjarra is in the Peel region, near the Murray River.

## History

Pinjarra is one of the oldest towns in Western Australia. It was settled by Europeans in the 1830s. The area was originally home to the Noongar people, the Aboriginal people of the southwest of Western Australia.

In 1834, the Pinjarra Massacre happened, where many Noongar people were killed by British soldiers. This is an important and sad part of the town’s history.

## Population

As of the 2021 census, about 5,200 people live in Pinjarra. The town has grown in recent years because more people are moving away from Perth to smaller towns.

## Economy

Pinjarra is known for aluminium production. The Alcoa alumina refinery near the town is one of the largest in the world. Farming and tourism are also important to the local economy.

## Transport

Pinjarra is on the South Western Highway, which connects Perth to Bunbury. It also has a train station on the Transwa Australind line, which goes between Perth and Bunbury.

## Attractions

- Hotham Valley Railway: A tourist steam train that runs on special days.
- Edenvale Heritage Precinct: A group of historic buildings and a museum.
- Murray River: A popular place for fishing, boating, and picnics.
- Ranger Red’s Zoo: A small zoo with Australian animals.

## Education

Pinjarra has primary and high schools, including Pinjarra Senior High School. There are also nearby schools in Mandurah and other towns.

## Infobox (australian place)

- **type**: town
- **name**: Pinjarra
- **established**: 1831
- **state**: wa
- **image**: Pinjarra 001.jpg
- **map type**: nomap
- **local map**: yes
- **zoom**: 12
- **caption**: Pinjarra
- **lga**: Shire of Murray
- **postcode**: 6208
- **maxtemp**: 19.2
- **mintemp**: 11.8
- **rainfall**: 941.4
- **dist1**: 82
- **location1**: Perth
- **dist2**: 21
- **location2**: Mandurah
- **dist3**: 25
- **location3**: Waroona, Western Australia, Waroona
- **dist4**: 25
- **location4**: Dwellingup, Western Australia, Dwellingup
- **dist5**: 43
- **location5**: Mundijong, Western Australia, Mundijong
- **elevation**: 9.58
Dwellingup, Western Australia

Dwellingup is a small town in Western Australia. It is located about 100 kilometers south of Perth, in the Peel region. The town is surrounded by forests and is a popular place for camping, hiking, and outdoor activities.

## History

Dwellingup was established in the early 1900s. The name "Dwellingup" comes from the Noongar Aboriginal language and is believed to mean “place of nearby water.”

The town was an important centre for the timber industry, and many people worked in sawmills. In 1961, a large bushfire destroyed much of Dwellingup, but the town was rebuilt.

## Geography

Dwellingup is located in a forest area, with many jarrah and marri trees. The town is on the Darling Range, a line of hills inland from the coast.

Nearby natural attractions include:
- Lane Poole Reserve
- Murray River
- Nanga Brook
- Scarp Pool

These places are popular for swimming, canoeing, and bushwalking.

## Climate

Dwellingup has a Mediterranean climate, with warm to hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.

Summer temperatures often reach above 30°C (86°F), while winters are cooler, with more rain, and daytime temperatures around 15°C (59°F).

The area gets more rain than many other inland towns, because of its forested and hilly location.

## Demographics

Dwellingup is a small town with a population of about 400 people. Most people are Australian-born, and English is the main language spoken at home.

The town has a close-knit community and welcomes many visitors and tourists, especially on weekends and holidays.

## Economy

The local economy is based on:
- Tourism
- Forestry
- Alcoa bauxite mining (nearby)
- Farming in nearby areas

Many people come to Dwellingup for eco-tourism and adventure tourism, such as mountain biking and hiking.

## Transport

Dwellingup can be reached by road from Perth via South Western Highway and Del Park Road. There is no regular train service, but the town is home to the Hotham Valley Tourist Railway, which runs historic steam trains for tourists.

## Attractions

Attractions in Dwellingup include:
- Hotham Valley Tourist Railway
- Lane Poole Reserve
- Munda Biddi Trail – a long cycling trail through forests
- Bibbulmun Track – a long-distance hiking trail that passes near the town
- Dwellingup History and Visitor Information Centre

## Infobox (australian place)

- **type**: town
- **name**: Dwellingup
- **state**: wa
- **image**: Dwellingup History and Visitor Information Centre, November 2019.jpg
- **caption**: Dwellingup History and Visitor Information Centre
- **lga**: Shire of Murray
- **local map**: yes
- **zoom**: 12
- **est**: 1910
- **elevation**: 267
- **maxtemp**: 21.9
- **mintemp**: 9.6
- **rainfall**: 1233.0
- **dist1**: 97
- **dir1**: S
- **location1**: Perth
Proceratophrys phyllostomus

***Proceratophrys phyllostomus*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home

Scientists saw the frog on the dead leaves on the ground in forests that were never cut down and forests that were cut down and are growing back. Scientists saw the frog between 680 and 800 meters above sea level.

Scientists found the frog near Reserva Particular Do Patrimônio Natural and Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi but they did not see the frog inside these places.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say they do not know if the frog is in danger or how much danger it is in. People change the places where the frog lives to make farms, tree farms, and places for cows to eat grass. Scientists say that only some of the forest is being cut down now and not many people are making new farms. They think other places that were forest may be growing back.
Zack Wheeler

**Zachary Harrison Wheeler** (born May 30, 1990) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has also played in MLB for the New York Mets.

Wheeler was born to a baseball-playing family in Smyrna, Georgia.  He moved to Dallas, Georgia, shortly before the start of high school. There, he pitched for East Paulding High School. He led the team to a state playoff appearance in 2009. He pitched a no-hitter against Mill Creek High School. The San Francisco Giants chose Wheeler sixth overall in the 2009 MLB Draft. He decided to sign with the team rather than go to Kennesaw State where he had planned to play baseball. Wheeler played for the Giants' minor league teams in 2010 and 2011. He was traded to the Mets in July 2011.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Zack Wheeler
- **image**: Zack_Wheeler_Phillies_2022.png
- **caption**: Wheeler with the Philadelphia Phillies in 2022
- **team**: Philadelphia Phillies
- **number**: 45
- **position**: Pitcher
- **birth place**: Smyrna, Georgia, U.S.
- **bats**: Left
- **throws**: Right
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: June 18
- **debutyear**: 2013
- **debutteam**: New York Mets
- **statyear**: August 10, 2025
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Win–loss record (pitching), Win–loss record
- **stat1value**: 113–75
- **stat2label**: Earned run average
- **stat2value**: 3.28
- **stat3label**: Strikeouts
- **stat3value**: 1,814
- **awards**: *3× Major League Baseball All-Star Game, All-Star (2021 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2021, 2024 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2024, 2025 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, 2025)
*All-MLB Team, All-MLB First Team (2024)
*Gold Glove Award (2023)
*List of Major League Baseball annual strikeout leaders, NL strikeout leader (2021)
- **teams**: *New York Mets (–, –)
*Philadelphia Phillies (–present)
Ionic liquid

An **ionic liquid** is a liquid made mostly of ions. The term is sometimes used to just mean **room-temperature ionic liquids**, which are liquid at below . Molten salts are another type of ionic liquid.

Ionic liquids are sometimes called "designer solvents", as an ionic liquid be prepared with specific different cations and anions to produce liquids with specific chemical and physical properties.

The first room-temperature ionic liquid was ethylammonium nitrate.
Proceratophrys salvatori

***Proceratophrys salvatori*** is a frog.  It lives in Brazil.

## Home

Scientists saw the frog in high grassy places. It lives on the ground near water, for example in forests around streams and rivers. This frog may be awake at night.  Scientists saw the frog between 100 and 1100 meters above sea level.

Scientists found the frog in some protected parks.

## Young

The tadpoles swim in streams that dry up for part of the year.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say the frog is not in danger of dying out. People turned the forest into places for animals to eat grass and then turned those places into soybean farms, sugar farms, and tree farms. Chemicals from these farms can also hurt this frog.
The Little People

***The Little People*** (Scottish Gaelic: **Na Daoine Beaga**) is a Scottish children's fantasy television series which aired on BBC Alba from January 14, 2003 to May 21, 2008.
Fantasy comedy

**Fantasy comedy** (also called **comic fantasy**) is a subgenre of fantasy that is primarily humorous in intent and tone. Typically set in imaginary worlds, fantasy comedy often involves puns on, and parodies of, other works of fantasy.
Shigeru Oda

was a Japanese politician and lawyer who was a judge on the International Court of Justice from 1976 until 2003. He was vice-president of the court from 1991 to 1994. He was born in Sapporo, Japan.

Oda turned 100 in October 2024. He died on 4 September 2025, at the age of 100.
Joseph Dube

**Joseph Douglas "Joe" Dube** (February 15, 1944 – September 8, 2025) was an American weightlifter and strongman competitor. He won a bronze medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics. At the time of his death, he was the last senior male American weightlifter to win the world title in weightlifting, which he won in 1969. Dube was born in Altha, Florida.

Dube died on September 8, 2025 in Jacksonville, Florida at the age of 81.
Builder Brothers Dream Factory

***Builder Brothers Dream Factory*** is a Canadian animated children's television series. It premiered on Treehouse TV on March 26, 2023. Created in collaboration with Drew Scott and Jonathan Silver Scott of the Property Brothers television franchise, it centres on animated versions of the Scott brothers as children, using their imagination and creativity to try to help their neighbourhood solve problems.
Stuart Craig

**Stuart Craig**  (14 April 1942 – 7 September 2025) was a British production designer. He designed movie sets and was known for his works with set decorator Stephenie McMillan. He was known for his works on all of the _Harry Potter_ movies. Craig was born in Norfolk, England.

Craig was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, and won three: in 1982 for _Gandhi_, in 1998 for _Dangerous Liaisons_, and in 1996 for _The English Patient_.

Craig died from problems caused by Parkinson's disease on 7 September 2025, at the age of 83.
Isoelectronicity

**Isoelectronicity** is a property of chemical species, which includes atoms, molecules, and ions. Two molecular entities are **isoelectronic** if they have the same number of valence electrons and the same structure of chemical bonds, even if the chemical elements involved are different.

The word **isoelectronic** comes from the prefix _iso-_, meaning "same".

## Examples

Chemical elements that share a group in the periodic table are isoelectronic. Metallic beryllium, magnesium, calcium, and strontium all have two valence electrons.

Many main group elements form ions that are isoelectronic to noble gases. The sodium cation  and fluorine anion  are both isoelectronic to neon.

Carbon monoxide  and nitrogen  are isoelectronic because each atom has a lone pair and a triple bond. They are also isoelectronic to the nitrosonium cation  and cyanide anion .

Ethenone  is isoelectronic with , a tautomer of diazomethane. Diazomethane's other tautomer, , is isoelectronic with cyanamide, .

Acetone  and azomethane  are not isoelectronic. Although they have the same number of valence electrons, the structure of their chemical bonds is different.
Stefano Benni

**Stefano Benni** (12 August 1947 – 9 September 2025) was an Italian satirical writer, poet and journalist. His books were translated into around 20 foreign languages. He was born in Bologna, Italy.

Benni died on 9 September 2025 in Bologna from problems caused by a stroke, aged 78.

## Some works

- _Terra,_ Pantheon Books, New York, 1985.
- _Timeskipper,_ translator Antony Shugaar, Europa Editions, New York, 2008.
- _Margherita Dolce Vita_, translator Antony Shugaar, Europa Editions, New York, 2008.
- _The story of Cyrano de Bergerac,_ Pushkin Children's Books, London, 2014.

## Other websites

- Official website (Italian)
- "The Story of First-Aid and Beauty Case"
2025 Nepalese Gen Z protests

In September 2025, massive protests, commonly known as the **Gen Z protests** took place across Nepal, mainly organized by students and young citizens.

## Background

The protests began following a nationwide ban on many popular social media platforms and due to the growing anger against the government for corruption and nepotism. The protests quickly became violent against public officials and vandalism of government buildings. Several government buildings were burned and several well known politicians and socialites were injured. Many young people said they joined the protests because they felt the government was not listening to their concerns.

### Notable attacks

Former prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba and his wife Arzu Rana Deuba were injured while their house was set on fire. They were handed to the police by protestors. Deputy prime minister Prakash Man Singh's house and car were set on fire, followed by the house of former president Bidya Devi Bhandari at Bhangal, Kathmandu. Former prime minister Jhala Nath Khanal's residence was also attacked and set on fire, injuring his wife Rajyalaxmi Chitrakar.

Protestors set fire to many government buildings: part of Singha Durbar, the administrative headquarters of Nepal; the adjacent building of the Supreme Court of Nepal; the president's residence at Sital Niwas; the prime minister's residence at Baluwatar, and the headquarters of the Communist Party UML.

## Aftermath

On 9 September 2025, Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli, along with many other government ministers, resigned and left the country in response to the protests. That same day, it was reported that President Ram Chandra Poudel was going to resign, but it was later confirmed that he did not plan to resign.

The government lifted the ban on social media platforms on 9 September.

During the protests, there were talks about bringing back the King of Nepal, with former king Gyanendra of Nepal being seen as a "symbol of resistance".

On 12September, Sushila Karki was appointed as interim prime minister of Nepal. The protests had died down by 13 September.

## Infobox (civil conflict)

- **title**: 2025 Nepalese Gen Z protests
- **image**:
- **caption**: Protesters in Chitwan, 8 September 2025
- **date**: –
- **place**: Nepal
- **methods**: Political demonstration, Demonstrations • Student activism • Internet activism • Riots • Arson • Vandalism
- **status**: **Ongoing**

- **fatalities**: 22 (latest estimate)
- **injuries**: 347 (official)
422+ (unofficial estimate)
- **side1**: Protesters
*  Safal Workers' Street Committee
- **side2**: Government of Nepal
* Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
Frans Gommers

**François Gommers** (5 April 1917 in Antwerp, Belgium – 20 April 1996) was a Belgian footballer.

## Honours

- Belgian First Division: 1937–38, 1938–39

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: François Gommers
- **birth place**: Antwerp, Belgium
- **years1**: 1935–1946
- **years2**: 1946–1947
- **clubs1**: K. Beerschot V.A.C., Beerschot VAC
- **clubs2**: Standard de Liège
- **nationalyears1**: 1938
- **nationalteam1**: Belgium national football team, Belgium
- **nationalcaps1**: 2
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1952–1953
- **managerclubs1**: K. Beerschot V.A.C., Beerschot VAC
Jhala Nath Khanal

**Jhala Nath Khanal** (, ; born 20 May 1950) is a Nepalese politician who was the 35th Prime Minister of Nepal from February 2011 to August 2011. He was the chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) (CPN (UML)) and Leader of the Constituent Assembly Parliamentary Party of the CPN (UML).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jhala Nath Khanal
- **image**: Jhala Nath Khanal 2011-03-20.jpg
- **office**: 35th Prime Ministers of Nepal, Prime Minister of Nepal
- **president**: Ram Baran Yadav
- **term start**: 6 February 2011
- **term end**: 29 August 2011
- **predecessor**: Madhav Kumar Nepal
- **successor**: Baburam Bhattarai
- **office2**: Chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
- **term start2**: 2009
- **term end2**: 2014
- **predecessor2**: Madhav Kumar Nepal
- **successor2**: Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli
- **office3**: Minister for Ministry of Information and Communications (Nepal), Information and Communication
- **term start3**: 1997
- **term end3**: 1998
- **monarch3**: Birendra of Nepal
- **successor3**: Surya Bahadur Thapa
- **office4**: Member of Pratinidhi Sabha, Parliament, Pratinidhi Sabha
- **term start4**: 4 March 2018
- **term end4**: 18 September 2022
- **constituency4**: Ilam 1 (constituency), Ilam 1
- **term start5**: May 1991
- **term end5**: May 1999
- **predecessor5**: _Constituency created_
- **successor5**: Benup Raj Prasain
- **constituency5**: Ilam 1 (constituency), Ilam 1
- **office6**: Member of 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly, Constituent Assembly
- **term start6**: 28 May 2008
- **term end6**: 14 October 2017
- **predecessor6**: Benup Raj Prasain
- **constituency6**: Ilam 1 (constituency), Ilam 1
- **birth place**: Sakhejung, Ilam District, Ilam, Kingdom of Nepal, Nepal
- **party**: CPN (Unified Socialist)
- **otherparty**: CPN (UML)
Nepal Communist Party
- **caption**: Khanal in 2011
- **native name lang**: ne
- **spouse**: Rabilaxmi Chitrakar (died 2025)
Krishna Prasad Bhattarai

**Krishna Prasad Bhattarai** (Nepali: कृष्णप्रसाद भट्टराई; 13 December 19244 March 2011) also known as **Kishunji** was a Nepalese political leader. He was the Interim Prime Minister from 1990 to 1991 when the country was moving away from having a monarchy to support democratic multi-party system. He later became the 29th prime minister in 1999 and left office a year later.

Bhattarai died at Norvic International Hospital in Godawari Municipality, Nepal from kidney and congestive heart failure caused by bronchitis on 4 March 2011, aged 86.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Krishna Prasad Bhattarai
- **native name**: कृष्णप्रसाद भट्टराई
- **image**: Krishna Prasad Bhattarai.png
- **caption**: Krishna Prasad Bhattarai in 1977
- **office**: 29th List of Prime Ministers of Nepal, Prime Minister of Nepal
- **monarch**: Birendra of Nepal, Birendra
- **term start**: 31 May 1999
- **term end**: 22 March 2000
- **predecessor**: Girija Prasad Koirala
- **successor**: Girija Prasad Koirala
- **office1**: Prime Minister of Nepal, Interim Prime Minister of Nepal
- **monarch1**: Birendra of Nepal, King Birendra
- **term start1**: 19 April 1990
- **term end1**: 26 May 1991
- **predecessor1**: Lokendra Bahadur Chand
- **successor1**: Girija Prasad Koirala
- **office2**: President of Nepali Congress, 4th President of the Nepali Congress
- **term start2**: 17 January 1988
- **term end2**: 10 January 1992
- **successor2**: Girija Prasad Koirala
- **term start3**: 12 February 1976
- **term end3**: 16 January 1992 <small>(Acting)</small>
- **predecessor3**: Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala
- **office4**: 1st Speaker of the House of Representatives (Nepal), Speaker of the Pratinidhi Sabha
- **monarch4**: Birendra of Nepal, King Birendra
- **deputy4**: Mahendra Narayan Nidhi
- **predecessor4**: Position established
- **successor4**: Bal Chandra Sharma
- **term start4**: May 1959
- **term end4**: 26 December 1960
- **birth place**: Benares, Benares State, British Raj, British India (present-day Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India)
- **death place**: Godawari Municipality, Nepal
- **party**: Nepali Congress
- **nickname**: Kishunji, _Santa Neta_ (Saint Leader)
Jan Mastenbroek

**Johannes Christoffel Jan Mastenbroek** (5 July 1902 – 23 May 1978) was a Dutch football manager. He was the first manager of the Dutch East Indies, and managed them at the 1938 FIFA World Cup.

He was the chairman of the _Nederlandsch-Indische Voetbal Unie_ (Dutch East Indies Football Union) and the vice-president of the Dutch East Indies Olympic Committee.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Jan Mastenbroek
- **fullname**: Johannes Christoffel Jan Mastenbroek
- **birth place**: Dordrecht, Netherlands
- **death place**: Enschede, Netherlands
- **manageryears1**: 1934–1938
- **managerclubs1**: Indonesia national football team, Dutch East Indies
Israeli airstrike on Hamas leadership in Qatar

On 9 September 2025, during the Gaza war, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) did airstrikes attacking the leadership of Hamas in the Leqtaifiya (Lektaifiya) district of Doha, the capital of Qatar. The IDF said the event was the result of an Israeli strike focused at Hamas officials in the city.

## Background

The operation was codenamed **Pisgat HaEsh**. According to reports, the targets were many senior Hamas figures: Khalil al-Hayya, a senior leader in Gaza; Zaher Jabarin, who is responsible for Hamas's operations in the West Bank; Muhammad Ismail Darwish, head of the group's Shura Council; and Khaled Mashal, the former overall leader of Hamas and head of its international branch.

According to reports, the attack took place while Hamas officials were talking about President Donald Trump's proposal for a ceasefire in Gaza.

Hamas said that its leadership survived the attack, but that six people were killed.

## Aftermath

After the attack, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that "the [attacks] against the top terrorist chieftains of Hamas was a wholly independent Israeli operation [...] Israel initiated it, Israel conducted it, and Israel takes full responsibility." U.S. President Donald Trump spoke to Qatari Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani and thanked him for Qatar's "support and friendship to our country," while saying that another attack "will not happen again on their soil."
Muhammad Ismail Darwish

**Muhammad Ismail Darwish** (), also known as **Abu Omar Hassan** (), is a Lebanese-born Palestinian politician who has been the chairman of the Hamas Shura Council since October 2023.

On 9 September 2025, Darwish was at the Hamas Headquarters in Doha, Qatar during an airstrike by Israel that was targeting him. He survived the attack.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Muhammad Ismail Darwish

- **image**: Muhammad Ismail Darwish during an interview with Khamenei.ir website.jpg
- **caption**: Darwish in 2025
- **office**: Chairman of the Hamas Shura Council
- **term start**: 17 October 2023
- **preceded**: Osama Mazini
- **office1**: Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
- **term start1**: 16 October 2024
- **alongside1**: Khaled Mashal, Khalil al-Hayya, Zaher Jabarin, and an unnamed Hamas official
- **status1**: Acting
- **predecessor1**: Yahya Sinwar
- **birth name**: Muhammad Ismail Darwish
- **birth place**: Palestinian refugee camp, Lebanon
- **nationality**: Palestinians, Palestinian
- **party**: Hamas
- **residence**: Doha, Qatar
Khalil al-Hayya

**Khalil al-Hayya** (; born 5 November 1960) is a Palestinian politician who was the deputy chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau from August to October 2024. He has been one of the acting quinquevirate leadership of Hamas, alongside Khaled Mashal, Zaher Jabarin, and Muhammad Ismail Darwish since 2024. He is also a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council since January 2006 as a representative of Gaza City.

On 9 September 2025, it was reported that Hayya was targeted by Israel in an airstrike in Qatar, but survived.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Khalil al-Hayya
- **image**: Khalil al-Hayya 2022 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Al-Hayya in 2022
- **birth place**: Gaza City, Administration of the Gaza Strip by Egypt, Egyptian Gaza Strip
- **residence**: Doha, Qatar
- **office**: Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
- **term start**: 16 October 2024
- **alongside**: Khaled Mashal, Zaher Jabarin, Abu Omar Hassan, Muhammad Ismail Darwish, and an unnamed Hamas official
- **term label**: Acting
- **predecessor**: Yahya Sinwar
- **office1**: List of leaders of Hamas, Deputy Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
- **predecessor1**: Saleh al-Arouri
- **1blankname1**: Chairman
- **1namedata1**: Yahya Sinwar
- **office2**: Member of the Palestinian Legislative Council
- **term start2**: 25 January 2006
- **constituency2**: Gaza City
- **nationality**: Palestinians, Palestinian
- **party**: Hamas
- **alma mater**: Islamic University of Gaza (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
 University of Jordan (Master of Arts, MA)
 University of the Holy Quran and Islamic Sciences (Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
- **native name lang**: ar
- **nickname**: Abu Osama (_Kunya (Arabic), kunya_)
Khaled Mashal

**Khaled Mashal** (born 28 May 1956) is a Palestinian politician who has been the second chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau from 1996 until May 2017. He has been the acting leader of Hamas twice, from July 2024 until August 2024 and since October 2024. He was seen as one of the most well known leaders of Hamas since the death of Ahmed Yassin, alongside Ismail Haniyeh and Yahya Sinwar.

On 9 September 2025, it was reported that Mashal was present in the Hamas headquarters building in Doha, Qatar when it was struck by Israeli air strikes.

## Personal life

Mashal married Amal Saleh Al-Boureni in 1980 or 1981.  He has three daughters and four sons. Currently, he lives in Qatar, where he moved in 2012.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Khaled Mashal

- **image**: Khaled Meshaal 01 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Mashal in 2009
- **office**: List of leaders of Hamas, Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
- **term label**: Acting
- **term start**: 16 October 2024
- **alongside**: Khalil al-Hayya, Zaher Jabarin, Abu Omar Hassan, Muhammad Ismail Darwish, and an unnamed Hamas official
- **predecessor**: Yahya Sinwar
- **term start1**: 31 July
- **term end1**: 6 August 2024
- **term label1**: Acting
- **predecessor1**: Ismail Haniyeh
- **successor1**: Yahya Sinwar
- **term start2**: 1996
- **term end2**: 6 May 2017
- **predecessor2**: Mousa Abu Marzook
- **successor2**: Ismail Haniyeh
- **birth place**: Silwad, Jordanian West Bank
- **party**: Hamas
- **residence**: Silwad, West Bank (1956–1967)
 Kuwait City, Kuwait (1967–1990)
 Amman, Jordan (1990–1999)
 Doha, Qatar (1999–2001)
 Damascus, Syria (2001–2012)
Doha, Qatar (2012–present)
- **alma mater**: Kuwait University (Bachelor of Science, BSc)
- **children**: 7
Zaher Jabarin

**Zaher Jabarin** (; born 18 September 1968) is a Palestinian politician who is a member of the Political Bureau of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas). He is the head of the Office of Martyrs, Wounded, and Prisoners, and financial administrator in the Hamas Movement.

On September 9, 2025, it was reported that Jabarin was present in the Hamas headquarters building in Doha, Qatar when it was struck by Israeli air strikes.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Zaher Jabarin
- **native name lang**: ar
- **office**: Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau
- **term start**: 16 October 2024
- **alongside**: Khaled Mashal, Khalil al-Hayya, Muhammad Ismail Darwish, and an unnamed Hamas official
- **status**: Acting
- **predecessor**: Yahya Sinwar
- **term start1**: 2021
- **office2**: Leader of the Hamas Financial Bureau
- **term start2**: mid-2010s
- **office3**: Leader of Hamas in the West Bank
- **term start3**: 2024
- **predecessor3**: Saleh al-Arouri
- **constituency3**: Israeli occupation of the West Bank , West Bank, Occupied Palestinian Territory , Palestine
- **office4**: Deputy leader of Hamas in the West Bank
- **term start4**: 2021
- **term end4**: January 2024
- **constituency4**: Israeli occupation of the West Bank , West Bank, Occupied Palestinian Territory , Palestine
- **office5**: List of leaders of Hamas, Member of Hamas politburo
- **status5**: Incumbent
- **term end5**: Incumbent
- **allegiance**: Palestinian political violence, Palestinian resistance
- **branch**: Qassam Brigades (Hamas)
- **serviceyears**: 1987 to 1993
- **battles**: First Intifada
- **birth place**: Salfit, West Bank, Palestine.
- **nationality**: Palestinian
- **party**: Hamas
- **residence**: Turkey
- **portfolio**: Martyrdom in Palestinian society , Martyrs, Wounded, and Palestinians in Israeli custody , Prisoners
- **blank1**: Palestinians in Israeli custody , Prisoner of Israel
- **data1**: * 1993 to 2011 (18 years)
* 1988 (11 months)
Parmanand Jha

**Parmanand Jha** (; born 1946) is a Nepali politician who was the first Vice President of Nepal from 23 July 2008 to 31 October 2015.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: परमानन्द.jpg
- **caption**: Jha in 2011
- **name**: Parmanand Jha
<small>परमानन्द झा</small>
- **order**: 1st
- **office**: Vice President of Nepal
- **president**: Ram Baran Yadav
Bidya Devi Bhandari
- **primeminister**: Girija Prasad Koirala
Prachanda, Pushpa Kamal Dahal
Madhav Kumar Nepal
Jhala Nath Khanal
Baburam Bhattarai
Khil Raj Regmi
Sushil Koirala
Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli
- **term start**: 23 July 2008
- **term end**: 31 October 2015
- **predecessor**: Position established
- **successor**: Nanda Kishor Pun
- **birth place**: Darbhanga district, Bihar Province, British India
- **nationality**: Nepali people, Nepali
- **party**: Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal, Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum
Worthington, Indiana

**Worthington** is a town in Jefferson Township, Greene County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,393 at the 2020 United States census. It is part of the Bloomington, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Worthington, Indiana
- **settlement type**: Town
- **blank emblem type**: Logo
- **blank emblem size**: 130px
- **image skyline**: Commercial south of First, Worthington.jpg
- **imagesize**: 230px
- **image caption**: Downtown Worthington
- **image map**: File:Greene County Indiana Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Worthington Highlighted 1885598.svg
- **mapsize**: 230px
- **map caption**: Location of Worthington in Greene County, Indiana.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Indiana
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Indiana, County
- **subdivision name2**: Greene County, Indiana, Greene
- **subdivision type3**: List of townships in Indiana, Township
- **subdivision name3**: Jefferson Township, Greene County, Indiana, Jefferson
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area land sq mi**: 0.77
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **area total km2**: 2.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.77
- **area land km2**: 2.00
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 1393
- **population density sq mi**: 1804.40
- **population density km2**: 696.44
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 518
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 47471
- **area code**: Area code 812, 812
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 18-85598
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2397756
Jefferson Township, Greene County, Indiana

**Jefferson Township** is one of fifteen townships in Greene County, Indiana, United States.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,959.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Jefferson Township
- **settlement type**: Civil township, Township
- **image skyline**: Greene - Jefferson.jpg
- **imagesize**: 310px
- **image caption**: View of Worthington, in Jefferson Township
- **image map**: Map highlighting Jefferson Township, Greene County, Indiana.svg
- **mapsize**: 295px
- **map caption**: Location in Greene County
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Indiana
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Indiana, County
- **subdivision name2**: Greene County, Indiana, Greene
- **government type**: Indiana Township Trustee, Indiana township
- **area total sq mi**: 32.55
- **area land sq mi**: 32.41
- **area water sq mi**: 0.14
- **area water percent**: 0.43
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1959
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **elevation m**: 182
- **elevation ft**: 597
- **blank name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank info**: 0453485
Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale

***Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale*** is a 2025 historical drama movie directed by Simon Curtis from a screenplay by Julian Fellowes. It is the sequel to _Downton Abbey: A New Era_ (2022) and the third and final movie in the _Downton Abbey_ franchise. Many of the cast members that played in the first two movies of the series will return. Paul Giamatti and Dominic West return to their roles as Harold Levinson from the television series and Guy Dexter from the previous movie, respectively, while Joely Richardson, Alessandro Nivola, Simon Russell Beale and Arty Froushan join the cast into possible new roles that have not been revealed.

_Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale_ is scheduled to be released by Focus Features on 12 September 2025.

## Premise

The movie follows the Crawley family and the Downton Abbey staff as they enter the 1930s. When Mary finds herself at the center of a public scandal caused by her divorce and the family faces financial trouble, the entire household grapples with the threat of being embarrassed and losing their social status. The Crawleys must embrace change as the staff prepare for a new chapter with the next generation leading Downton Abbey into the future.

## Production

In March 2024, Imelda Staunton, who portrayed Lady Maud Bagshaw in the movie _Downton Abbey: A New Era_, confirmed that a third and final movie in the _Downton Abbey_ franchise was being planned, with the main cast returning. In May, Paul Giamatti and Dominic West were announced to be returing to their their roles as Harold Levinson and Guy Dexter respectively, alongside Joely Richardson, Alessandro Nivola, Simon Russell Beale and Arty Froushan in untold roles. On 27 March 2025, the title was revealed as _Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale_.

### Filming

Principal photography began on 13 May 2024 and wrapped in August.

## Release

The premiere of the movie was in New York City on 8 September 2025. The movie is scheduled to be fully released to the public in cinemas on 12 September 2025, and on 11 September 2025 in Australia.

As part of a long-term deal with Amazon Prime Video for live-action movie from Universal and Focus, the movie will first stream on Peacock for the first four months of the pay-TV window, before moving to Prime Video for the next ten, then returning to Peacock for the remaining four.

### Critical response

On the review gathering website Rotten Tomatoes, 91% of the 23 critics' reviews are positive.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale
- **caption**: Theatrical release poster
- **director**: Simon Curtis (filmmaker), Simon Curtis
- **screenplay**: Julian Fellowes
- **cinematography**: Ben Smithard
- **editing**: Adam Recht
- **studio**: Carnival Films
- **distributor**: Focus Features
- **runtime**: 124 minutes
- **language**: English
Philippe Bouvard

**Philippe Bouvard** (born 6 December 1929) is a former French television and radio presenter. From 1977 to 2014, he hosted the French radio program Les Grosses Têtes on RTL (formerly Radio Luxembourg), from 1982 to 1986 he hosted the television program Le Petit Théâtre de Bouvard, and hosted the radio program Allô Bouvard on RTL from 2014 until his retirement in 2025 at age 95, after a career of more than 60 years in radio.
Alan Warren (sailor)

**Alan Kemp Warren** (born 13 December 1935) is a British sailor. He won a silver medal in the Tempest class with David Hunt at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
Juan Santisteban

**Juan Santisteban Troyano** (born 8 December 1936) is a Spanish former football midfielder and manager.

### Player

- Real Madrid
- La Liga: 1956–57, 1957–58, 1960–61, 1963–64
- European Cup: 1956–57, 1957–58, 1958–59, 1959–60

### Manager

- Spain U23
- Mediterranean Games: 2005

- Spain U19
- UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship: 2007

- Spain U17
- UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship: 2007, 2008, Runner-up 2003, 2004
- FIFA U-17 World Cup: Runner-up 1991, 2003, 2007

- Spain U16
- UEFA European Under-16 Football Championship: 1991, 1997, 1999, 2001, Runner-up 1992, 1995

### Individual

- UEFA President's Award: 2001

## Other websites

- National team data
- NASL profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Juan Santisteban
- **image**: Juan Santisteban crop.jpg
- **caption**: Santisteban in 2007
- **fullname**: Juan Santisteban Troyano
- **birth place**: Seville, Francoist Spain, Spain
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1952
- **youthclubs1**: Real Betis
- **youthyears2**: 1952–1956
- **youthclubs2**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid
- **years1**: 1955–1961
- **clubs1**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid
- **caps1**: 83
- **goals1**: 2
- **years2**: 1961–1963
- **clubs2**: F.B.C. Unione Venezia, Venezia
- **caps2**: 39
- **goals2**: 2
- **years3**: 1963–1964
- **clubs3**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid
- **caps3**: 3
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1965–1966
- **clubs4**: Real Betis
- **caps4**: 5
- **goals4**: 1
- **years5**: 1967–1968
- **clubs5**: Baltimore Bays
- **caps5**: 39
- **goals5**: 2
- **nationalyears1**: 1957–1959
- **nationalteam1**: Spanish national football team, Spain
- **nationalcaps1**: 7
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1968–1969
- **managerclubs1**: Real Madrid Castilla, Plus Ultra
- **manageryears2**: 1974–1977
- **managerclubs2**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid (youth)
- **manageryears3**: 1977–1979
- **managerclubs3**: Real Madrid Castilla, Castilla
- **manageryears4**: 1979–1981
- **managerclubs4**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid (assistant)
- **manageryears5**: 1981–1982
- **managerclubs5**: Real Madrid Castilla, Castilla
- **manageryears6**: 1982–1984
- **managerclubs6**: Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid (assistant)
- **manageryears7**: 1984–1987
- **managerclubs7**: Real Madrid Castilla, Castilla
- **manageryears8**: 1988–2001
- **managerclubs8**: Spain national under-16 football team, Spain U16
- **manageryears9**: 1990–2008
- **managerclubs9**: Spain national under-17 football team, Spain U17
- **manageryears10**: 2002–2004
- **managerclubs10**: Spain national under-21 football team, Spain U21
- **manageryears11**: 2005
- **managerclubs11**: Spain national under-23 football team, Spain U23
- **manageryears12**: 2007
- **managerclubs12**: Spain national under-19 football team, Spain U19
Rolando García (Chilean footballer)

**Rolando Moisés García Jiménez** (born 15 December 1942) is a former Chilean footballer. He played for Chile in the 1974 FIFA World Cup.

## Other websites

- FIFA profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Rolando García
- **fullname**: Rolando Moisés García Jiménez
- **birth place**: Santiago, Chile
- **position**: Defender (association football), Right-back
- **youthclubs1**: Walter Müller
- **years1**: 1964–1967
- **clubs1**: Bádminton F.C., Ferrobádminton
- **caps1**: 33+
- **goals1**: 1+
- **years2**: 1968–1973
- **clubs2**: Deportes Concepción (Chile), Deportes Concepción
- **caps2**: 180
- **goals2**: 5
- **years3**: 1974–1975
- **clubs3**: Colo-Colo
- **caps3**: 51
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1976–1980
- **clubs4**: Deportes Concepción (Chile), Deportes Concepción
- **caps4**: 124
- **goals4**: 5
- **nationalyears1**: 1971–1975
- **nationalteam1**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **nationalcaps1**: 19
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
- **manageryears1**: 1983
- **managerclubs1**: Deportes Concepción (Chile), Deportes Concepción
- **manageryears2**: 1985
- **managerclubs2**: Deportes Concepción (Chile), Deportes Concepción
- **manageryears3**: 1986
- **managerclubs3**: Unión La Calera
- **manageryears4**: 1987
- **managerclubs4**: Chile national football team, Chile B
- **manageryears5**: 1987–1988
- **managerclubs5**: Deportes Valdivia
- **manageryears6**: 1988
- **managerclubs6**: Unión San Felipe
- **manageryears7**: 1989
- **managerclubs7**: C.D. Antofagasta, Deportes Antofagasta
- **manageryears8**: 1990
- **manageryears9**: 1991
- **managerclubs9**: Ñublense
- **manageryears10**: 1992
- **managerclubs10**: Deportivo Valdivia
- **manageryears11**: 1992–1995
- **managerclubs11**: Huachipato FC, Huachipato
- **manageryears12**: 1995
- **managerclubs12**: Deportes Linares
- **manageryears13**: 1996
- **managerclubs13**: Ñublense
- **manageryears14**: 1996
- **managerclubs14**: Deportes Ovalle
- **manageryears15**: 1997
- **managerclubs15**: C.D. Cobresal, Cobresal
- **manageryears16**: 1998
- **managerclubs16**: San Marcos de Arica, Deportes Arica
- **manageryears17**: 1999–2001
- **managerclubs17**: Deportes Linares
Ulf Schmidt

**Ulf** "**Uffe**" **Christian Johan Schmidt** (born 12 July 1934) is a former Swedish tennis player. He competed for AIK from Stockholm. In 1958, he and Sven Davidson won the doubles event at Wimbledon, after defeating the top seeds Ashley Cooper and Neale Fraser in the final.

### Doubles (1 title)

|Result|Year|style="width:130px"|Championship|Surface|style="width:125px"|Partner|style="width:125px"|Opponents|style="width:100px" class="unsortable"|Score|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Win|1958|Wimbledon|Grass|Sven Davidson|Ashley Cooper Neale Fraser || 6–4, 6–4, 8–6||||||

## Infobox (tennis biography)

- **name**: Ulf Schmidt
- **fullname**: Ulf Christian Johan Schmidt
- **birth place**: Nacka, Sweden
- **turnedpro**: 1951<small> (amateur tour)</small>
- **retired**: 1962
- **singlestitles**: 14
- **highestsinglesranking**: No. 8 (1958<small>, The Daily Telegraph, Lance Tingay</small>)
- **australianopenresult**: QF (1959 Australian Championships – Men's singles, 1959)
- **frenchopenresult**: 3R (1956 French Championships – Men's singles, 1956, 1958 French Championships – Men's singles, 1958)
- **wimbledonresult**: QF (1956 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles, 1956, 1957 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles, 1957)
- **usopenresult**: SF (1958 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles, 1958)
- **australianopendoublesresult**: QF (1959)
- **wimbledondoublesresult**: **W** (1958)
Roberto Leopardi

**Roberto Rafael Leopardi Laporta** (born 19 July 1933) is a former Uruguayan footballer. He played for Uruguay at the 1954 FIFA World Cup.
He later won the 1956 South American Championship with Uruguay.

## Other websites

- FIFA profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Roberto Leopardi
- **fullname**: Roberto Rafael Leopardi Laporta
- **birth place**: Uruguay
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 1952-1957
- **clubs1**: Club Nacional de Football, Nacional
- **years2**: 1957-1959
- **clubs2**: Genoa CFC, Genoa
- **years3**: 1959-1960
- **clubs3**: LR Vicenza, Vicenza
- **years4**: 1960-1961
- **clubs4**: Club Nacional de Football, Nacional
- **years5**: 1961-1962
- **clubs5**: Peñarol
- **years6**: 1962-1963
- **clubs6**: Miramar Misiones
- **years7**: 1964-1965
- **clubs7**: Deportivo Galicia
- **nationalyears1**: 1954-1956
- **nationalteam1**: Uruguay national football team, Uruguay
- **nationalcaps1**: 7
- **nationalgoals1**: 0