juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Windows Phone 8

**Windows Phone 8** is the second generation of the Windows Phone. It was publicly released on October 29, 2012. It was similar to Windows 8. It is unsupported as of January 12, 2016. The phone could be updated to Windows Phone 8.1 for security patches. The first update was leaked on November 2, 2012. Microsoft released the final version, Update 3, on April 14, 2014, just six days after Windows XP's end of support.

## Development history

On June 20, 2010, Microsoft revealed the new Windows Phone 8 (codenamed Apollo). It was the first for Windows Phone from Microsoft, and it was released in 2012, Windows Phone 8 was changed by Windows CE, after the first release for Windows Phone 7. Windows Phone 8 was based on Windows Phone 7, the successor is Windows Phone 8.1, released in 2014. There were two supported platforms in Windows Phone 8.

Windows Phone 8 has supported platform for news was WVGA, except for the Windows Phone 7.

### Update 1

Update 1 for Windows Phone 8 was released on October 29, 2012. There had been Windows Store updates, the start screen had a green theme, white wallpaper, music and video. The update was leaked on the internet on November 2, 2012.

### Update 2

Update 2 for Windows Phone 8 was released on November 12, 2012. In the start menu, you could launch the Action Center. It was released on November 3, 2012.

### Update 3

Update 3 for Windows Phone 8 was released on April 14, 2014. The start screen had updated in the new OneNote.

### End of support

On January 12, 2016. Microsoft reached the final update for Windows Phone 8. Microsoft had no more security update(s) for the Windows Phone 8. Microsoft announced a successor to Windows Phone 8 which was the Windows Phone 8.1. After the end of support for Windows Phone 8, users must to be upgrade to Windows Phone 8.1, which was supported until July 11, 2017.

## Features not in Windows Phone 8

Cortana did not exist in Windows Phone 8 and could only be used in Windows Phone 8.1. SkyDrive (now known as OneDrive) was removed, and was added to the Internet Explorer app. The Windows Phone 8 had no update settings, and file history didn't exist.

## Related pages

- Windows 7
- Windows 8
- Windows 8.1
- Windows 10
- Windows Phone
- Windows Phone 7

## Other websites

- https://www.windowsphone.com
- https://microsoft.com/windows

## Infobox (os version)

- **name**: Windows Phone 8
- **logo**: Windows Phone 8 logo and wordmark (purple).svg
- **family**: Windows Phone
- **screenshot**: Windows Phone 8 en.svg
- **caption**: Start Screen from Windows Phone 8
- **ga date**: October 29, 2012; 12 years ago
- **release version**: Update 3 (Build 8.0.10532.166)
- **release date**: April 14, 2014; 10 years ago
- **preceded by**: Windows Phone 7
- **succeeded by**: Windows Phone 8.1
- **website**: https://microsoft.com/windowsphone
- **version of**: Windows Phone
- **developer**: Microsoft Corporation
- **support status**: Unsupported as of January 12, 2016; users must upgrade to Windows Phone 8.1 in order to receive security patches and support after that date
Lubomir Kavalek

**Lubomir (Lubosh) Kavalek** (, August 9, 1943 – January 18, 2021) was a Czech-American chess player.

He was awarded both the International Master and Grandmaster titles by FIDE in 1965. He won two Czechoslovak and three U.S. championships, and was ranked as the world's #10 player in 1974.

Kavalek was also a chess coach, organizer, teacher, commentator, author and award-winning columnist. He was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia.

Kavalek died on January 18, 2021 in Renton, Washington at the age of 77.
Ákos Kriza

**Ákos Kriza** (10 February 1965 − 18 January 2021) was a Romanian-born Hungarian politician and health economist. Kriza was a member of the Fidesz Party. He was Mayor of Miskolc from October 3, 2010 to October 13, 2019. He was born in Oradea, Romania.

Kriza died on 18 January 2021 in Miskolc at the age of 55.
Chuck Mills

**Morton J.** "**Chuck**" **Mills** (December 1, 1928 – January 18, 2021) was an American college football coach. Mills was born in Chicago, Illinois.

His career lasted from 1957 to 1997. He was the head coach at Pomona College, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, the United States Merchant Marine Academy, Utah State University, Wake Forest University, Southern Oregon University, and the United States Coast Guard Academy.

Mills died on January 18, 2021 in Honolulu, Hawaii from pneumonia caused by multiple organ failure, aged 92.
Henryk Ostrowski

**Henryk Ostrowski** (1960 – 18 January 2021) was a Polish politician and farmer. He was a member of the Sejm from 2001 to 2005. He was a member of the Self-Defence of the Republic. Ostrowski was born in Szprotawa, Poland.

Ostrowski died on 18 January 2021 in Szprotawa, aged 60.
Jimmie Rodgers (pop singer)

**James Frederick Rodgers** (September 18, 1933 – January 18, 2021) was an American folk pop singer. He was popular in the 1950s and 1960s. He was known for his singles "Honeycomb", "Kisses Sweeter than Wine" and "Secretly".

Rodgers died on January 18, 2021 at the age of 87.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Jimmie Rodgers 1968.JPG
- **caption**: Rodgers in 1968
- **name**: Jimmie Rodgers
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: James Frederick Rodgers
- **birth place**: Camas, Washington, U.S.
- **instruments**: Vocals, guitar, piano
- **genre**: Folk music, Folk, Traditional pop music, traditional pop, rock and roll, Country music, country
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 1957–2021
- **label**: Roulette Records, Roulette
Dot Records, Dot
A&M Records, A&M
Camas, Washington

**Camas**  is a city in Clark County, Washington. About 26,065 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Camas, Washington
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Camas, Washington aerial view.jpg
- **image caption**: Aerial view of Camas and the Columbia River, looking northwest
- **image map**: Clark_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Camas_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Camas in Washington
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Washington (state), Washington
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Washington, County
- **subdivision name2**: Clark County, Washington, Clark
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 42.06
- **area land km2**: 36.45
- **area water km2**: 5.61
- **area total sq mi**: 16.24
- **area land sq mi**: 14.07
- **area water sq mi**: 2.17
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 26065
- **population density km2**: 669.84
- **population density sq mi**: 1734.85
- **population demonym**: Camasonian
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, PST
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **elevation m**: 23
- **elevation ft**: 75
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 98607
- **area code**: Area code 360, 360, Area code 564, 564
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 53-09480
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1512059
Gatot Sudjito

**Gatot Sudjito** (28 October 1960 – 18 January 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was a member of the Golkar party. Sudjito was born in Sidoarjo Regency, Indonesia. From 2014 until his death, he was a member of the People's Representative Council.

Sudjito died on 18 January 2021 in Malang, Indonesia from COVID-19, aged 60.
Don Sutton

**Donald Howard Sutton** (April 2, 1945 – January 18, 2021) was an American professional baseball pitcher and broadcaster. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1966 to 1988. He played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Houston Astros, Milwaukee Brewers, Oakland Athletics, and California Angels. He was born in Clio, Alabama.

In 1998, Sutton was honored in the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

Sutton died on January 18, 2021 in Rancho Mirage, California from cancer, aged 75.
Giovanni Zucchi

**Giovanni Zucchi** (14 August 1931 – 19 January 2021) was an Italian rower. He competed in the 1956, 1960, and the 1964 Summer Olympics, winning bronze in 1960. He won five gold medals at European Rowing Championships. Zucchi was born in Mandello del Lario, Italy.

Zucchi died on 19 January 2021, aged 89.
Sibusiso Moyo

**Sibusiso Busi Moyo** (1961 – 20 January 2021) was a Zimbabwean politician and Army major general. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Trade from 2017 until his death. Moyo was born in Mberengwa, Zimbabwe.

Moyo died on 20 January 2021 from COVID-19 in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Lâm Quang Thi

Lieutenant General **Lâm Quang Thi** (7 May 1932 – 19 January 2021) was a Vietnamese senior military officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He was active from 1950 to 1975 including the Vietnam War. Thi was born in Bạc Liêu, French Indochina.

Thi died on 19 January 2021 in Fremont, California at the age of 88 from COVID-19.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Lâm Quang Thi
- **image**: General Lâm Quang Thi.jpg
- **birth place**: Bạc Liêu, French Indochina
- **death place**: Fremont, California, Fremont, California, U.S.
- **branch**: Army of the Republic of Vietnam
- **serviceyears**: 1950–1975
- **rank**:  Lieutenant General
- **commands**: 9th Division (South Vietnam), 9th Infantry Division
 Vietnamese National Military Academy
 I Corps (South Vietnam), I Corps
- **battles**: Second Indochina War, Vietnam War
Danial Jahić

**Danial Jahić** (1 July 1979 – 19 January 2021) was a Serbian athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

On 19 January 2021, Jahić died at the age of 41 from COVID-19.
Nombulelo Hermans

**Nombulelo Lilian Hermans** (1 January 1970 - 18 January 2021) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress. She was in a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa from 2019 until her death in 2021.

Hermans died from COVID-19 on 18 January 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nombulelo Hermans
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of Parliament, MP
- **office**: Member of the National Assembly of South Africa
- **term start**: 13 June 2019
- **term end**: 18 January 2021
- **birth date**: 1 January 1970
- **birth place**: South Africa
- **death place**: South Africa
- **nationality**: South African
- **party**: African National Congress
- **profession**: Politician
Xavier Hunault

**Xavier Hunault** (29 January 1923 – 16 January 2021) was a French politician. From 1959 to 1989, he was Mayor of Châteaubriant. From 1962 to 1993, Hunault was a member of the National Assembly. He was born in Châteaubriant.

Hunault died on 16 January 2021, aged 97.
John Joseph Ryba

**John Joseph Ryba Jr.** (August 10, 1929January 9, 2021) was an American politician and public administrator. Ryba was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1993 to 2003, representing Green Bay. Ryba was born in Chicago, Illinois.

Ryba died on January 9, 2021 in De Pere, Wisconsin at the age of 91.
Robinson Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania

**Robinson Township** is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is about  west of Pittsburgh. 15,503 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Robinson Township, Pennsylvania
- **settlement type**: Township (Pennsylvania), Township
- **image skyline**: Robinsontownship.jpg
- **image caption**: View of The Mall at Robinson
- **image map**: Allegheny County Pennsylvania incorporated and unincorporated areas Robinson township highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Allegheny County and state of Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Pennsylvania, County
- **subdivision name2**: Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Allegheny
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 39.72
- **area land km2**: 39.42
- **area water km2**: 0.31
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 15503
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 42-003-65352
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **website**: https://townshipofrobinson.com/
- **area total sq mi**: 15.34
- **area land sq mi**: 15.22
- **area water sq mi**: 0.12
- **population density sq mi**: auto
Robinson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania

**Robinson Township** is a township in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,707 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Robinson Township
- **settlement type**: Township (Pennsylvania), Township
- **image map**: Map of Robinson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania Highlighted.png
- **map caption**: Location of Robinson Township in Washington County
- **image map1**: Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Washington County.svg
- **map caption1**: Location of Washington County in Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Washington County, Pennsylvania, Washington County
- **subdivision type4**: Municipality
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total sq mi**: 21.28
- **area land sq mi**: 21.22
- **area water sq mi**: 0.06
- **area total km2**: 55.11
- **area land km2**: 54.96
- **area water km2**: 0.15
- **population total**: 1707
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density sq mi**: 80.44
- **population density km2**: 31.06
- **timezone1**: Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset1**: -4
- **timezone1 dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -5
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **area code**: Area code 724, 724
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 42-125-65376
Cry Macho (movie)

***Cry Macho*** is an American neo-Western drama movie directed and produced by Clint Eastwood. He also stars in the movie. It is based on the 1975 novel of the same name by N. Richard Nash. The movie was produced by Eastwood's Malpaso Productions. It was theatrically released by Warner Bros. Pictures, and digitally on HBO Max, on September 17, 2021.
N. Richard Nash

**Nathan Richard Nusbaum** (June 8, 1913 – December 11, 2000), known as **N. Richard Nash**, was an American writer and dramatist. He was best known for writing Broadway shows, including _The Rainmaker_.

## Other websites

- N. Richard Nash Papers  at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research
- Britannica article on Nash
- Article on Nash and _The Rainmaker_
- AllMovie profile of Nash

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: N. Richard Nash
- **birth name**: Nathan Richard Nusbaum
- **birth place**: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Fiction, theatre
- **occupation**: Writer, dramatist
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 3
Decatur, Tennessee

**Decatur** ( ) is a town in Meigs County, Tennessee, United States. 1,563 people lived here at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Meigs County.
Decaturville, Tennessee

**Decaturville** is a town in and the county seat of Decatur County, Tennessee, United States. 807 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Decaturville, Tennessee
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Decaturville-Main-St-tn.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Main Street and Pleasant Street
- **image map**: File:Decatur County Tennessee Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Decaturville Highlighted 4719900.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Decaturville in Decatur County, Tennessee.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Tennessee
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Tennessee, County
- **subdivision name2**: Decatur County, Tennessee, Decatur
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 4.28
- **area land km2**: 4.28
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 1.65
- **area land sq mi**: 1.65
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 807
- **population density km2**: 188.59
- **population density sq mi**: 488.50
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 158
- **elevation ft**: 518
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 38329
- **area code**: Area code 731, 731
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 47-19900
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1282275
Parsons, Tennessee

**Parsons** is a city in Decatur County, Tennessee, United States. 2,100 people lived here at the 2020 census. Parsons is the largest city by population in Decatur County.
Shabestar

**Shabestar** (; also known as **Chabiastar**, **Shabiastar**, and **Shabistar**) is a city and is the capital of Shabestar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.  As of the 2011 census, its population was 25,663.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Shabestar
- **settlement type**: City
- **pushpin map**: Iran
- **mapsize**: 150px
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Iran, Province
- **subdivision name1**: East Azerbaijan Province, East Azerbaijan
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Iran, County
- **subdivision name2**: Shabestar County, Shabestar
- **population as of**: 2016 Census
- **population total**: 22,181
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Iran Standard Time, IRST
- **utc offset**: +3:30
- **timezone dst**: Iran Daylight Time, IRDT
- **utc offset dst**: +4:30
Bo Welch

**Robert W. "Bo" Welch III** is an American production designer, art director, film and television director and occasional actor.

## Filmography

- As production designer
|Year|Movie|Other notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1985|_The Color Purple_|Nominated — Academy Award for Best Production Design||
|1986|_Violets Are Blue_|||
|1987|_The Lost Boys_|||
|rowspan="2"|1988|_The Accidental Tourist_||
|_Beetlejuice_||||
|1989|_Ghostbusters II_|||
|rowspan="2"|1990|_Edward Scissorhands_|BAFTA Award for Best Production Design|
|_Joe Versus the Volcano_||||
|1991|_Grand Canyon_|||
|1992|_Batman Returns_|Nominated — Awards Circuit Community Awards for Best Production Design||
|1994|_Wolf_|||
|1995|_A Little Princess_|Nominated — Academy Award for Best Production Design Nominated — Awards Circuit Community Award for Best Art Direction||
|1996|_The Birdcage_|LAFCA Award for Best Production Design Nominated — Academy Award for Best Production Design Nominated — ADG Award for Excellence in Production Design Nominated — Awards Circuit Community Award for Best Art Direction||
|1997|_Men in Black_|Nominated — Academy Award for Best Production Design Nominated — ADG Award for Excellence in Production Design||
|1998|_Primary Colors_|||
|2000|_What Planet Are You From?_|||
|2002|_Men in Black II_|||
|2008|_Space Chimps_|||
|2009|_Land of the Lost_|||
|2011|_Thor_|Nominated — Saturn Award for Best Production Design||
|2012|_Men in Black 3_|||
|2017–2019|_A Series of Unfortunate Events_|||

- As art director
|Year|Film|Other notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|1983|_The Star Chamber_||
|_Heart of Steel_||||
|rowspan="3"|1984|_Swing Shift_||
|_Best Defense_||||
|_The Hoboken Chicken Emergency_||||
|1985|_The Color Purple_|||
|1986|_Violets Are Blue_|||

- As director
|Year|Film|Other notes|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1999|_Secret Agent Man_|Series director|
|2001|_The Tick_|2 episodes|
|2003|_The Cat in the Hat_|Nominated — Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director|
|2017–2019|_A Series of Unfortunate Events_|5 episodes|

- As actor
|Year|Film|Role|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2002|_Men in Black II_|Astronaut|Uncredited|
|2012|_Men in Black 3_|Pedestrian|Uncredited|
|2014|_Tiebraker_|Father||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bo Welch
- **image**: Bo Welch-63924.jpg
- **caption**: Welch in 2024
- **birth name**: Robert W. Welch III
- **birth place**: Yardley, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **years active**: 1979–present
- **children**: 2
Moluccas frog

The **Moluccas frog** (_Papurana moluccana_) is a frog from the Moluccas in Indonesia.
Cap

A **cap** is a form of headgear or headware. Caps have crowns that fit very close to the head. They have been used in almost every society, especially those societies which have colder weather.

They made their first appearance as early as 3,200BC. Caps typically have a visor, but sometimes have no brim at all. They are popular in casual and informal settings, and are seen in sports and fashion.  They are designed for warmth, and often have a visor to block sunlight from the eyes. They come in many shapes, sizes, and are of different brands. Baseball caps are one of the most common types of cap.

In slang, "cap" is also a word for lying.
Maxime Verhagen

**Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen** (born 14 September 1956, Maastricht) is a former Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).

Verhagen studied history at Leiden University.

He was a member of the municipal council of Oegstgeest from 1989 to 1990, a member of the European Parliament from 1989 to 1994, a member of the House of Representatives from 1994 to 2007 and in 2010, and also parliamentary leader from 2002 to 2006 and in 2010.

From 2007 to 2010, he was foreign minister, in the Fourth Balkenende cabinet. He also was development cooperation minister in the same cabinet in 2010. From 2010 to 2012, he was both economics and agriculture minister, and deputy prime minister in the First Rutte cabinet.

Verhagen was leading the CDA from 2010 to 2012.

Since July 2013 he has been chairing Bouwend Nederland.

Maxime Verhagen is married with three children, and a member of the Catholic Church. He lives in Voorburg (province of South Holland).

## References

- Bio at Parlement.com
Poop deck

A **poop deck** is part of a ship. It is the deck that is the roof of a cabin. It is at the back of a ship. Usually, it is the highest deck. Note that _poop_ comes from French _poupe_, Latin _puppis_, which is the name of the stern of a ship.
1991 Georgian independence referendum

A referendum was held  on 31 March, 1991 in the Republic of Georgia. The question was: "Do you support the restoration of the independence of Georgia in accordance with the Act of Declaration of Independence of Georgia of May 26, 1918?"

## Results

|Choice|Votes|%|
| --- | --- | --- |
|For|3,295,493|99.5|
|Against|16,917|0.5|
|Invalid/blank votes|13,690|–|
|**Total**|**3,326,100**|**100**|
|colspan=3 align=left|Source: Nohlen _et al._||

## Other websites

- About this referendum
New York's 9th congressional district

**New York's 9th congressional district** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. The district is in New York City. The representative is Yvette Clarke.

The district is located entirely within Brooklyn. It includes the neighborhoods of Brownsville, Crown Heights, East Flatbush, Flatbush, Kensington, Park Slope, Prospect Heights, Midwood, Sheepshead Bay, Marine Park, Gerritsen Beach, and Prospect Lefferts Gardens.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|Clinton 59 – 32%|
|1996|President|align="right"|Clinton 66 – 27%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Gore 67 – 30%|
|2004|President|align="right"|Kerry 56 – 44%|
|2008|President|align="right"|Obama 84 – 15%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Obama 85 – 14%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Clinton 84 – 14%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 9
- **image name**: New York US Congressional District 9 (since 2013).tif
- **image width**: 400
- **image caption**: New York's 9th congressional district since January 3, 2013
- **representative**: Yvette Clarke
- **party**: Democratic
- **residence**: Brooklyn
- **percent urban**: 100
- **percent rural**: 0
- **population**: 720,316
- **population year**: 2019
- **median income**: $69,754
- **percent white**: 28.22
- **percent black**: 49.5
- **percent asian**: 6.9
- **percent native american**: 0.16
- **percent hispanic**: 12.02
- **percent other race**: 3.2
- **cpvi**: D+34
New York's 1st congressional district

**New York's 1st congressional district** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located on Long Island. The district currently is represented by Republican Nick LaLota.

The district has the counties of Suffolk County, Smithtown, Brookhaven, Riverhead, Southold, Southampton, East Hampton, and Shelter Island. The very wealthy neighborhoods of the Hamptons are also in the district.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|GHW Bush 40–38%|
|1996|President|align="right"|B. Clinton 51–36%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Gore 52–44%|
|2004|President|align="right"|GW Bush 49–49%|
|2008|President|align="right"|Obama 52–48%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Obama 50–49%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Trump 54–42%|
|2020|President|align="right"|Trump 51–47%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 1
- **image caption**: Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2025
- **representative**: Nick LaLota
- **party**: Republican
- **residence**: Amityville
- **percent urban**: 94.94
- **percent rural**: 5.06
- **population**: 775,252
- **population year**: 2023
- **median income**: $132,619
- **percent white**: 72.3
- **percent hispanic**: 14.9
- **percent black**: 4.3
- **percent asian**: 5.1
- **percent more than one race**: 2.7
- **percent other race**: 0.7
- **cpvi**: R+4
New York's 20th congressional district

**New York's 20th congressional district** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located in the middle of New York. It includes all of Albany and Schenectady counties, and parts of Montgomery, Rensselaer, and Saratoga counties. Democrat Paul Tonko represents the district since 2013.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|Clinton 45 - 41%|
|1996|President|align="right"|Clinton 54 - 37%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Bush 51 - 44%|
|2004|President|align="right"|Bush 54 - 46%|
|2008|President|align="right"|Obama 51 - 46%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Obama 59.2 - 38.8%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Clinton 54.0 - 40.5%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 20
- **image name**: New York US Congressional District 20 (since 2013).tif
- **image width**: 400
- **image caption**: New York's 20th congressional district since January 3, 2013
- **representative**: Paul Tonko
- **party**: Democratic
- **residence**: Amsterdam
- **percent urban**: 88.69
- **percent rural**: 11.31
- **population**: 725,669
- **population year**: 2019
- **median income**: $71,156
- **cpvi**: D+7
New York's 6th congressional district

**New York's 6th congressional district** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York City. The district is part of Queens. It is represented by Democrat Grace Meng. The district has voted for a Democrat every election since 1983. Over 714,000 people live in the district.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|Clinton 75 - 18%|
|1996|President|align="right"|Clinton 85 - 11%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Gore 87 - 11%|
|2004|President|align="right"|Kerry 84 - 15%|
|2008|President|align="right"|Obama 63 - 36%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Obama 68 - 31%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Clinton 65 - 32%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 6
- **image name**: New York US Congressional District 6 (since 2013).tif
- **image width**: 400
- **image caption**: **New York 's 6th congressional district - since January 3, 2013.**
- **representative**: Grace Meng
- **party**: Democratic
- **residence**: Queens
- **percent urban**: 100
- **percent rural**: 0
- **population**: 714,299
- **population year**: 2019
- **median income**: $70,529
- **percent white**: 33.2
- **percent black**: 3.3
- **percent asian**: 40.5
- **percent native american**: 0.3
- **percent hispanic**: 20.04
- **percent other race**: 0.6
- **cpvi**: D+16
New York's 19th congressional district

**New York's 19th congressional district** is a congressional district in New York. It is in the middle of the state and north of New York City. The counties of Columbia, Delaware, Greene, Otsego, Schoharie, Sullivan, and Ulster are all in the district, and parts of Broome, Dutchess, Montgomery, and Rensselaer counties are also in the district. The 19th district borders Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut to the east, and Pennsylvania to the southwest. This district is represented by Democrat Josh Riley.

## Election history

|Year|Results||
| --- | --- | --- |
|1992|align="left"|George H. W. Bush 42 - 40%|
|1996|align="left"|Bill Clinton 48 - 41%|
|2000|align="left"|George W. Bush 49 - 47%|
|2004|align="left"|George W. Bush 54 - 45%|
|2008|align="left"|Barack Obama 53 - 45%|
|2012|align="left"|Barack Obama 52.1 - 45.9%|
|2016|align="left"|Donald Trump 40.0 - 56.0%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 19
- **image caption**: Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2025
- **representative**: Josh Riley
- **party**: Democratic
- **residence**: Ithaca
- **percent urban**: 36.51
- **percent rural**: 63.49
- **population**: 769,461
- **population year**: 2023
- **median income**: $65,983
- **percent white**: 79.9
- **percent hispanic**: 6.8
- **percent black**: 4.3
- **percent asian**: 3.5
- **percent more than one race**: 4.8
- **percent other race**: 0.7
- **cpvi**: D+1
New York's 27th congressional district

The **27th congressional district of New York** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in western New York.  It includes all of Orleans, Genesee, Wyoming, and Livingston counties and parts of Erie, Monroe, Niagara, and Ontario counties. The district was last represented by Republican Chris Jacobs from 2020 until 2023. The district used to be represented by Republican Chris Collins but he left his job after he was found guilty of insider trading a special election was held to take Chris Collin's job. Chris Jacobs won the election.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|Bush 42–33%|
|1996|President|align="right"|Clinton 43–43%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Gore 53–41%|
|2004|President|align="right"|Kerry 53–45%|
|2008|President|align="right"|McCain 54–44%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Romney 55.3–42.9%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Trump 59.7–35.2%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 27
- **obsolete**: yes
- **created**: 1820
- **eliminated**: 2020
- **years**: 1823–2023
New York's 13th congressional district

**New York's 13th congressional district** is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives located in New York City. The representative is Democratic congressman Adriano Espaillat. The district is the smallest congressional district in the U.S. Upper Manhattan and parts of the West Bronx are the places the district is in.

## Election history

|Year|Office|Results||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1992|President|align="right"|Bush 48 - 39%|
|1996|President|align="right"|Clinton 51 - 40%|
|2000|President|align="right"|Gore 52 - 44%|
|2004|President|align="right"|Bush 55 - 45%|
|2008|President|align="right"|McCain 51 - 49%|
|2012|President|align="right"|Obama 93 - 6%|
|2016|President|align="right"|Clinton 92 - 5%|

## Infobox (u.s. congressional district)

- **state**: New York
- **district number**: 13
- **image name**: New York US Congressional District 13 (since 2013).tif
- **image width**: 400
- **image caption**: New York's 13th congressional district since January 3, 2013
- **representative**: Adriano Espaillat
- **party**: Democratic
- **residence**: Manhattan
- **english area**: 10.25
- **percent urban**: 100.00
- **percent rural**: 0.00
- **population**: 751,661
- **population year**: 2019
- **median income**: $46,298
- **percent white**: 4.03
- **percent black**: 29.66
- **percent asian**: 4.62
- **percent native american**: 0.35
- **percent hispanic**: 54.38
- **percent other race**: 6.96
- **cpvi**: D+43
Dharmaśāstra

***Dharmaśāstra*** () is a genre of Sanskrit theological texts, and refers to the treatises (śāstras) of Hinduism on dharma.
Thermopause

The **thermopause** is part of the planet Earth's atmosphere.  It is the top of the thermosphere.
Fear Strikes Out

***Fear Strikes Out*** is a 1957 American biographical drama movie directed by first time director Robert Mulligan and was based on the 1955 memoir of the same name by Jimmy Piersall. It stars Anthony Perkins, Karl Malden, Adam Williams, Perry Wilson and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Australian plate

**Australian plate** is a major plate tectonic that is a section of Indo-Australian plate. Australia is located centrally on the Australian plate and is remarkably stable tectonically. The Australian plate and Indian plate are two separates plate, in the most recent issue of Earth and Planetary Science Letter (vol. 133).
Casanova's Big Night

***Casanova's Big Night*** is a 1954 American comedy movie directed by Norman Z. McLeod and starring Bob Hope, Joan Fontaine, Audrey Dalton, Basil Rathborne, Hugh Marlowe, Arnold Moss, John Carradine, John Hoyt, Hope Emerson, Lon Chaney Jr., Raymond Burr, Vincent Price. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
The Kid from Brooklyn

***The Kid from Brooklyn*** is a 1946 American musical comedy movie directed by Norman Z. McLeod and was a remake of the 1936 movie _The Milky Way_. It stars Danny Kaye, Virginia Mayo, Vera-Ellen, Steve Cochran, Eve Arden, Walter Abel and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.
The Razor's Edge

***The Razor's Edge*** is a 1946 American romantic drama movie directed by Edmund Goulding and was based on the 1944 novel of the same name by W. Somerset Maugham. It stars Tyrone Power, Gene Tierney, John Payne, Anne Baxter, Clifton Webb, Herbert Marshall, Lucile Watson, Frank Latimore, Elsa Lanchester and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 4 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1947.

The film was released wide by Twentieth Century Fox on December 25, 1946, in 300 locations across the United States.
Firmin Ngrébada

**Firmin Ngrébada** (born 1968) was the prime minister of the Central African Republic from February 25, 2019 until June 15, 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Firmin Ngrébada
- **office**: Prime Minister of the Central African Republic
- **term start**: 25 February 2019
- **term end**: 15 June 2021
- **president**: Faustin-Archange Touadéra
- **predecessor**: Simplice Sarandji
- **successor**: Henri-Marie Dondra
Zoë Bell

**Zoë E. Bell** (born 17 November 1978) is a New Zealand stuntwoman and actress. Some of her best known stunt work was doubling for Lucy Lawless in _Xena: Warrior Princess_ and for Uma Thurman in _Kill Bill_.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Zoe Bell 2019 by Glenn Francis (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Bell in 2019
- **birth name**: Zoë E. Bell
- **birth place**: Waiheke Island, New Zealand
- **occupation**: Actress, stuntwoman, stunt coordinator
- **yearsactive**: 1992–present
Don Stroud

**Donald Lee Stroud** (born September 1, 1943) is an American actor, musician, and surfer.

Stroud appeared with Clint Eastwood in two movies, _Coogan's Bluff_ (1968) and _Joe Kidd_ (1972).

He played Sheriff Bob Sharp in the 2012 movie _Django Unchained_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Don Stroud
- **image**: Don-stroud-trailer.jpg
- **caption**: Stroud in trailer for "Coogan's Bluff", 1968.
- **birth name**: Donald Lee Stroud
- **birth place**: Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Actor, musician, surfer
- **years active**: 1967–present
- **spouse**:
Lindsay Hartley

**Lindsay Nicole Korman** (born April 17, 1978) is an American actress. She played Theresa Lopez-Fitzgerald Crane Winthrop on _Passions_, Cara Castillo on _All My Children_ and Arianna Hernandez on _Days of Our Lives_. She was born in Palm Springs, California.
Beyond soap operas, Hartley has acted in numerous Lifetime and Hallmark movies, written and directed several films, and continues to work in television and film. She was married to actor Justin Hartley from 2004 to 2012, and they have one daughter.
Carmen Carrera

**Carmen Carrera** (born April 13, 1985) is an American reality television personality, model, burlesque performer, and actress. She is known for appearing on the third season of the Logo reality television series _RuPaul's Drag Race_.

Carrera is a transgender woman and a transgender rights activist.

## Infobox (model)

- **name**: Carmen Carrera
- **image**: Carmen Carrera.jpg
- **caption**: Carmen Carrera at New York Fashion Week in September 2011
- **birth place**: Elmwood Park, New Jersey, U.S.
- **yearsactive**: 2011–present
- **occupation**: Model, actress, showgirl
- **agency**: Wilhelmina Models
Elmwood Park, New Jersey

**Elmwood Park** is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. In the 2020 United States Census, 21,422 people lived here.
Fantastic Mr. Fox (movie)

***Fantastic Mr. Fox*** is a 2009 American stop motion animated comedy movie directed by Wes Anderson. It is based on Roald Dahl's 1970 children's novel of the same name.

The movie stars the voices of George Clooney, Meryl Streep, Jason Schwartzman, Bill Murray, Willem Dafoe, Michael Gambon, and Owen Wilson.

It was released on November 13, 2009. The movie also received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and Best Original Score, but lost  both to _Up_.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Fantastic Mr. Fox
- **director**: Wes Anderson
- **music**: Alexandre Desplat
- **cinematography**: Tristan Oliver
- **editing**: Andrew Weisblum
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **runtime**: 87 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $40 million
- **gross**: $46.5 million
Boris Zaborov

**Boris Zaborov** (; 16 October 1935 – 20 January 2021) was a Soviet Belarusian artist. He moved to Paris, France in 1980 to begin a career in painting. He was born in Minsk.

Zaborov died on 20 January 2021 in Paris at the age of 85.

## Other websites

- Boris Zaborov on Artnet
Mike Sadek

**Michael George Sadek** (May 30, 1946 – January 20, 2021) was a Major League Baseball catcher. He spent his entire major league career with the San Francisco Giants. His career lasted from 1975 to 1981.

Sadek died on January 20, 2021 in San Andreas, California from heart and lung disease, aged 74.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Mike Sadek
- **position**: Catcher
- **image**: Mike Lum in 1981.JPG
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Sadek behind the plate in a game against the Cubs
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **birth place**: Minneapolis, Minnesota
- **death place**: San Andreas, California
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: April 13
- **debutyear**: 1973
- **debutteam**: San Francisco Giants
- **finalleague**: MLB
- **finaldate**: June 10
- **finalyear**: 1981
- **finalteam**: San Francisco Giants
- **statleague**: MLB
- **stat1label**: Batting average (baseball), Batting average
- **stat1value**: .226
- **stat2label**: Home runs
- **stat2value**: 5
- **stat3label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat3value**: 74
- **teams**: *San Francisco Giants (, –)
John Baptist Kaggwa

**John Baptist Kaggwa** (23 March 1943 – 20 January 2021) was a Ugandan Roman Catholic prelate. He was Bishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Masaka from 10 January 1998 until his retirement on 16 April 2019. From 19 December 1994 until 10 January 1998, Bishop Kaggwa was Coadjutor Bishop of Masaka, Uganda. Kaggwa was born in Bulenga, Wakiso District, Uganda.

Kaggwa died on 20 January 2021 at a hospital in Kampala, Uganda from COVID-19 at the age of 77.
Lars Westman (writer)

**Lars Gustaf Westman** (16 April 1934 – 16 January 2021) was a Swedish writer and journalist. Westman was the grandson of architect Carl Westman and the artist Elin Westman. He was a journalist at _Stockholms-Tidningen_ and the magazine _We_. In 2012, he published the book _Till Saltsjöbaden_.

Westman died on 16 January 2021, aged 86.
James D. Heiple

**James D. Heiple** (September 13, 1933 – January 18, 2021) was an American lawyer and Republican politician. He was elected as a Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court in 1990. He was its chief justice from 1997 until his retirement 2000. Heiple was born in Peoria, Illinois.

Heiple died on January 18, 2021 at a hospital in Peoria from a cerebral hemorrhage, aged 87.
Tom Prebble

**Thomas Kenneth Prebble**  (November 1945 – 17 January 2021) was a New Zealand educationalist and university administrator. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand.

In the 2019 New Zealand Honours, Prebble was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit.

Prebble died on 17 January 2021 in Palmerston North, New Zealand aged 75.
Barbara Gronemus

**Barbara (née Barry) Gronemus** (November 21, 1931 – January 17, 2021) was an American politician and farmer. Gronemus was born in Norwalk, Wisconsin. She was a Democratic Party member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1982 through 2008.

Gronemus died in Blair, Wisconsin on January 17, 2021 at the age of 89.
Norwalk, Wisconsin

**Norwalk** is a village in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Norwalk, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Village (United States), Village
- **image skyline**: Norwalk, Wisconsin.jpg
- **image map**: File:Monroe County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Norwalk Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Norwalk in Monroe County, Wisconsin.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Monroe County, Wisconsin, Monroe
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 2.67
- **area land km2**: 2.67
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 1.03
- **area land sq mi**: 1.03
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 611
- **population density km2**: 229.0
- **population density sq mi**: 593.2
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 310
- **elevation ft**: 1017
- **postal code**: 54648
- **area code**: Area code 608, 608
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-58575
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1570539
Blair, Wisconsin

**Blair** is a city in Trempealeau County, Wisconsin.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Blair, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Blair, Wisconsin.jpg
- **image caption**: Junction of U.S. Route 53 and Wisconsin Highway 95 in the foreground
- **image map**: File:Trempealeau County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Blair Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Blair in Trempealeau County, Wisconsin.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, Trempealeau
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 11.36
- **area land km2**: 11.14
- **area water km2**: 0.22
- **area total sq mi**: 4.39
- **area land sq mi**: 4.30
- **area water sq mi**: 0.09
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1325
- **population density km2**: 118.9
- **population density sq mi**: 308.0
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 260
- **elevation ft**: 853
- **area code**: Area code 608, 608
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-08075
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1561910
Gerald Wiegert

**Gerald Alden "Jerry" Wiegert** (July 12, 1944 – January 15, 2021) was an American automotive engineer and businessman. He was the founder of two companies, Vector Motors and Aquajet. Wiegert was born in Dearborn, Michigan.

Wiegert died on January 15, 2021 at the age of 76.

## Other websites

- Vector Motors
- Aquajet  official site
Benjamin de Rothschild

**Benjamin de Rothschild** (30 July 1963 – 15 January 2021) was a French banker. He is the owner of the Edmond de Rothschild Group from 1997 until his death. He was the son of Edmond Adolphe (1926–1997) and Nadine (born 1932). In 1972, he created the professional offshore sailing racing team Gitana Team.

On 15 January 2021 De Rothschild  suffered a heart attack and died, at his home in Pregny-Chambésy, Switzerland. He was 57.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Benjamin de Rothschild
- **birth place**: Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
- **death place**: Pregny-Chambésy, Switzerland
- **nationality**: French
- **education**: Cours Hattmer
Institut Florimont
Pepperdine University
- **occupation**: Banker
- **height**: 1.80 m
- **parents**: Edmond Adolphe de Rothschild
(1926–1997)
Nadine de Rothschild, Nadine Lhopitalier
 (b. 1932)
Nadine de Rothschild

**Nadine de Rothschild** (née **Nadine Nelly Jeannette Lhopitalier**; born 18 April 1932) is a French author and former actress.

She appeared in _The Sleepwalker_, _Women of Paris_, _Children of Love_, _Madame du Barry_, _Girls at Sea_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nadine de Rothschild
- **image**: Nadine de Rothschild.jpg
- **birth name**: Nadine Nelly Jeannette Lhopitalier
- **birth place**: Saint-Quentin, Aisne, Saint-Quentin, France
- **occupation**: Actress and author
- **spouse**: Edmond Adolphe de Rothschild
 (m. 1963; his death 1997)
- **children**: Benjamin de Rothschild (1963–2021)
Elephas

***Elephas*** is one of two living genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae. The Asian elephant is the only living species of this genus. Some of the extinct species are _Elephas beyeri, Elephas ekorensis, Elephas hysudricus, Elephas hysudrindicus, and Elephas planifrons._
Paincourtville, Louisiana

**Paincourtville** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Assumption Parish, Louisiana, United States. 857 people lived here at the 2020 census.