juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bernard Kerik

**Bernard Bailey Kerik** (September 4, 1955 – May 29, 2025) was an American politician, consultant and police officer. He was the 40th Commissioner of the New York Police Department from 2000 to 2001, during which he oversaw the police response to the September 11 attacks.

Kerik was known for having two extramarital affairs while as commissioner, using a Battery Park City apartment that had been set aside for first responders at Ground Zero.

After the 2003 invasion of Iraq, President George W. Bush picked Kerik as the interior minister of the Iraqi Coalition Provisional Authority. In 2004, Bush nominated Kerik to be the U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security. However, Kerik soon withdrew his candidacy, because he hired an undocumented immigrant as a nanny.

In 2009, Kerik pleaded guilty to eight federal felony charges for tax fraud and making false statements. In February 2010, he was sentenced to four years in federal prison, of which he served three years.

In 2020, Kerik received a presidential pardon from President Donald Trump for his federal convictions for tax fraud, ethics violations, and criminal false statements. After the 2020 presidential election, Kerik supported President Trump's false claims of voter fraud and tried to help overturn the election results.

Kerik died on May 29, 2025 at a hospital in New York City at the age of 69. He was being treated for heart disease and skin cancer at the time of his death.

## Infobox (police officer)

- **embed**: yes
- **embed title**: Police and Corrections Career
- **department**:  Passaic County Sheriff's Office
 New York City Police Department
New York City Department of Correction
- **years**: 1981–1986 (PCSO)
1986–1994, 2000–2001 (NYPD)
1994–2000 (NYCDOC)
- **rank**:  New York City Police Commissioner, Commissioner


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bernard Kerik
- **image**: BernardKerik.JPG
- **office**: Ministry of Interior (Iraq), Minister of the Interior of Iraq
- **status**: Acting
- **1blankname**: Chief Executive
- **1namedata**: Paul Bremer
- **term start**: May 18, 2003
- **term end**: September 2, 2003
- **predecessor**: Mahmud Dhiyab
- **successor**: Nuri Badran
- **office1**: 40th New York City Police Commissioner, Police Commissioner of New York City
- **appointer1**: Rudy Giuliani
- **term start1**: August 20, 2000
- **term end1**: December 31, 2001
- **predecessor1**: Howard Safir
- **successor1**: Raymond Kelly
- **office2**: Commissioner of the New York City Department of Correction
- **appointer2**: Rudy Giuliani
- **term start2**: 1998
- **term end2**: 2000
- **predecessor2**: Michael Jacobsen
- **successor2**: Gary Lanigan
- **birth name**: Bernard Bailey Kerik
- **birth place**: Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 4
- **education**: Empire State College (Bachelor of Science, BS)
- **serviceyears**: 1974–1977
Alfonso Lista

**Alfonso Lista** is a municipality in the province of Ifugao, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, 34,061 people lived there.
Bauko

**Bauko** is a municipality in the Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, 32,021 people lived there.
Diffun

**Diffun** is a municipality in the province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, 56,102 people lived there.
Pentlandite

**Pentlandite** is a mineral containing nickel and iron. It is one of the main ores of nickel. It has the chemical formula . Most samples have slightly more nickel than iron.

## Refining

Pentlandite can be smelted using oxygen. This releases sulfur dioxide gas and leaves behind iron(III) oxide and nickel(II) oxide. The iron is then removed as slag.
Glorb

**Glorb** (also known as **GlorbWorldwide**) is a pseudonymous YouTuber and TikToker who specializes in rap music using AI-generated voices of characters from the animated series _SpongeBob SquarePants_.

## Infobox (tiktok personality)

- **embed**: yes
- **followers**: 811.5 thousand
- **likes**: 35.2 million
- **page**: glorbworldwide
- **stats update**: May 20, 2025


## Infobox (youtube personality)

- **name**: Glorb
- **channel handle**: @glorbworldwide
- **channel display name**: Glorb
- **years active**: 2023-present
- **genre**: Music (AI rap)
- **subscribers**: 961 thousand
- **views**: 281.7 million
- **language**: English
Element collecting

**Element collecting** is a hobby that involves gathering samples of chemical elements, often for display and study. It's a niche hobby that connects people to the periodic table and chemistry, with collectors sometimes using the table as a guide for their collections. Some collectors enjoy studying the properties of the elements, while others simply enjoy the aesthetic appeal of the collection.
Planetary degassing

**Planetary degassing** is the process by which gases trapped inside a planet are released to the surface and atmosphere. This usually happens through volcanic eruptions or other natural events that let gases escape from deep underground. When a planet first forms, some gases get stuck inside it. Over time, heat and pressure inside the planet push these gases out, especially through volcanoes. The gases that come out can include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, and nitrogen. This process is very important because it helps form the planet’s atmosphere, especially in the early part of its history.

Planetary degassing happens in several ways. One of the main ways is through volcanic eruptions, which bring hot, melted rock (called magma) and gas from deep underground up to the surface. Tectonic activity, which means the movement of large pieces of a planet’s outer layer, can also let gases escape. As a planet cools down over time, its inside separates into different layers. This change can push gases upward toward the surface. Even if there are no big eruptions, gases can slowly leak out through cracks in the ground or from the bottom of the ocean. Sometimes, asteroids or comets hit a planet and cause quick bursts of degassing. The force of the impact can heat up the surface, release gases trapped in rocks, or even melt parts of the crust.

Degassing has played an important role in shaping the atmospheres of planets. On early Earth, it was one of the main ways that gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor got into the air. These gases helped create clouds, rain, and even oceans. Similar things may have happened on other planets, like Venus and Mars, but with different results. Venus ended up with a thick, super-hot atmosphere, while Mars lost most of its atmosphere and became cold and dry. Degassing still happens on some moons today. For example, Io, one of Jupiter’s moons, has active volcanoes that release gas into space all the time. This shows that degassing is an important part of how planets and moons change over time.

This process is closely connected to whether a planet can support life. The gases released during degassing can change the planet’s climate. For example, carbon dioxide can trap heat, and water vapor can help form oceans. These gases, called volatiles because they easily turn into gas, are very important for life. Without degassing, a planet might stay dry, have no air, and not be able to support life. By studying how degassing works, scientists can learn more about how life may have started on Earth and where life might be possible on other planets.
Mond process

The **Mond process** is a way to make pure nickel metal. It works because nickel easily reacts with carbon monoxide to make a volatile compound, while most other metals do not. It is an important example of a chemical transport reaction.

## Process

The Mond process starts with impure nickel or nickel(II) oxide. This solid is treated with syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Hydrogen is a reducing agent that chanegs the oxide to the metal:
The metal reacts with the carbon monoxide, making a coordination complex called nickel tetracarbonyl:
Nickel tetracarbonyl is volatile: it easily becomes a gas. When the carbonyl sublimes, impurities like cobalt or iron are left behind.

After it is separated from the impurities, the carbonyl gas is heated. At around , it breaks down back into the nickel metal and carbon monoxide:
The purified nickel metal crystallises onto a prepared surface. This surface can be an object to be plated with nickel, or a small piece of nickel that grows to make a larger, purer ingot.

## History

The Mond process is named for Ludwig Mond, who discovered nickel carbonyl in 1890. This was the first metal carbonyl discovered. Mond developed his discovery into the process that is now named after him. Mond patented it in 1898, and started the Mond Nickel Company to commercialise it.

## Safety

The nickel tetracarbonyl made during the Mond process is very toxic. It is known to cause cancer and can be deadly if breathed in.
Microsoft Gaming

**Microsoft Gaming** is an American video game company. It is the games Division of Microsoft, Phil Spencer founded the company in 2022.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Microsoft Gaming
- **logo**: Microsoft logo (2012).svg
- **image**: Microsoft campus - panoramio.jpg
- **image caption**: Headquarters in Redmond, Washington
- **type**: Division (business), Division
- **industry**: Video games
- **founder**: Phil Spencer
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **brands**: Xbox
- **key people**: Phil Spencer (CEO)
Dave McCarthy (COO)
Tim Stuart (CFO)
- **num employees**: 20,100
- **num employees year**: 2024
- **parent**: Microsoft
- **divisions**: Xbox Game Studios
- **subsid**: Activision Blizzard
ZeniMax Media
Ai Weiwei

**Ai Weiwei** ( ; , <small>IPA:</small> ; born 28 August 1957) is a Chinese contemporary artist, documentarian, and activist. Ai grew up in northwest China. He lived in harsh conditions because his father was exiled. Ai Weiwei was an activist. He was critical Chinese Government's human rights and democracy. He made many investigations on government corruption in China. He investigated the Sichuan schools corruption scandal after the end of "tofu-dreg schools" in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. In April 2011, Ai Weiwei was arrested at Beijing Capital International Airport for "economic crimes." He was in jail for 81 days. After he was arrested, Ai Weiwei became a very important architect, cultural instigator, and political commentator.

Ai Weiwei has made lots of poetry, sculptures, photographs, and public works. He was allowed to leave China in 2015. He has since lived in Portugal, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

## Further reading

- Medium, _Artists on the Cutting Edge_, by Addison Fach, 1 December 2017
- _WideWalls_ magazine, Excessivism – A Phenomenon Every Art Collector Should Know, by Angie Kordic
- _Gallereo_ magazine, The Newest Art Movement You've Never Heard of, 20 November 2015
- The Huffington Post, Excessivism: Irony, *Imbalance and a New Rococo, by Shana Nys Dambrot, art critic, curator, 23 September 2015
- Spalding, David. _@large: Ai Weiwei on Alcatraz_, 2014. Print. @Large: Ai Weiwei on Alcatraz
- Ai, Weiwei; Anthony Pins. _Ai Weiwei: Spatial Matters : Art Architecture and Activism_, 2014. Print. Ai Weiwei: spatial matters : art architecture and activism

## Other websites

- Ai Weiwei exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts London
- Ai Weiwei  at De Pont Museum of Contemporary Art
- Ai Weiwei. _Study of Perspective._ Photographic series produced 1995–2011. _Public Delivery_

## Infobox (chinese)

- **child**: yes
- **title**: Ai Weiwei
- **c**: 艾未未
- **p**: Ài Wèiwèi
- **showorder**: st
- **w**: Ai<sup>4</sup> Wei<sup>4</sup>-wei<sup>4</sup>
- **y**: Ngaaih Meih-meih


## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Ai Weiwei
- **image**: Aj Wej-wej I (2017).jpg
- **caption**: Ai in 2017
- **birth place**: Beijing, China
- **spouse**: Lu Qing
- **father**: Ai Qing
- **nationality**: Chinese
- **movement**: Excessivism
- **works**: _Sunflower Seeds (artwork), Sunflower Seeds_
Beijing National Stadium
- **education**: Beijing Film Academy
- **native name**: 艾未未
Interglossa

**Interglossa** is a simple, made-up language created in 1943 by British scientist Lancelot Hogben. He designed it to help people from different countries communicate easily, especially in science and technology.

## Key features

- No word changes: In Interglossa, words don't change form. This means the same word can be used in different ways without adding endings or changing spelling.
- Simple grammar: The language uses word order and a few helper words to show meaning, similar to how Chinese works.
- Small vocabulary: It has about 880 basic words, mostly from Greek and Latin, which are common in science.
- Easy spelling: Each letter represents one sound, and spelling is regular and phonetic.

## Purpose

Hogben wanted to create a language that was easy to learn and use, helping people from different backgrounds talk to each other, especially in scientific fields.

## Evolution

Later, in the 1970s, Interglossa was updated and renamed Glosa by Ron Clark and Wendy Ashby. They added more words and made some changes to improve it.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Interglossa
- **creator**: Lancelot Hogben
- **created**: 1943
- **setting**: international auxiliary language
- **fam2**: International auxiliary language, auxiliary language
- **posteriori**: Latin and Greek language, Greek
- **iso3**: igs
- **linglist**: igs
- **glotto**: inte1261
- **glottorefname**: Interglossa
Li Jie (Song dynasty)

**Li Jie** (李誡; 1065–1110) was an ancient Chinese architect and writer. He lived in the Northern Song dynasty. He wrote the _Yingzao Fashi_. The _Yingzao Fashi_ was a book about technical architecture and craftmanship.

## Other websites

- Yingzao Fashi: Twelfth-Century Chinese Building Manual by Qinghua Guo
Guan Daosheng

**Guan Daosheng**, also called Guan Zhongji or Lady Zhongji (her courtesy name) (; 字仲姬；1262–1319), was a Chinese painter and poet. She wrote and drew during the early Yuan dynasty. She is said to be "the most famous female painter and calligrapher in the Chinese history." She was also a popular poet from the Yuan dynasty.

## Other websites

- For a translation of Zhao Mengfu's poem, and Guan Daosheng's response entitled "Song of You and Me", see Classical Chinese Poems in English: 管道昇 Guan Daosheng: 我儂詞 Song of Me and You/ Clay Figures
- Ink Bamboo by Guan Daosheng
- For a translation of Guan Daosheng's poem titled "Married Love" Married Love by Guan Daosheng - Your Daily Poem
Marek Jan Chodakiewicz

**Marek Jan Chodakiewicz** (born July 15, 1962) is an American historian. He has been described as nationalist by mainstream historians.

## Early life

Chodakiewicz was born in Warsaw, Poland. He earned a BSc from San Francisco State University in 1988, an MA from Columbia University in 1990, an MPhil from Columbia University in 1992, and a PhD from Columbia University in 2001.

### Holocaust revisionism

Chodakiewicz has promoted controversial views about the Holocaust, including:

- "Many Jews collaborate[d] with Soviet Communists"
- "Jews [are] more likely to kill Poles after World War II"
- For these "reasons", the murder of Jewish survivors returning to their homeland was "not antisemitic"

Chodakiewicz also appeared in traditionalist Catholic media, like _Radio Maryja_, promoting conspiracy theories about Jews. In a 2001 interview by this radio, he accused "Jewish memoirists of bragging about the shooting of hundreds of Poles by "Jewish partisans". Despite Chodakiewicz's record of antisemitic writings, US President George W. Bush made him a member of the oversight board of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. He served until 2010.

## Reception

Many historians, including Princeton University professor Jan T. Gross and University of Toronto professor Piotr Wróbel criticized Chodakiewicz, saying that Chodakiewicz had written several pieces that trivialized the Holocaust and the violent antisemitism of many Polish Catholics. In his 2003 book _After the Holocaust: Polish Jewish Relations in the Wake of World War II,_ he underestimated the number of Jews that Polish Catholics had killed in post-war pogroms. He also accused Holocaust victims of being "Jewish Communists".

Historian Jan Grabowski criticized Chodakiewicz's views as "copious victim blaming". Other historians, including David Engel, Joanna Michlic and Laurence Weinbaum, shared the same opinion as Grabowski. In particularly, Weinbaum wrote,

referring to the Polish nationalists being upset with the revelation of the Jedwabne pogrom.

## Related pages

- Jan Żaryn
- David Irving
- Louis Farrakhan
- Richard C. Lukas
- Polish Memory Law
Yang Yuelou

**Yang Yuelou** (1844–17 July 1890) was a Qing dynasty Peking opera artist. Yang Yeulou was from Beijing. He played as many _sheng_ roles. He is best known for being arrested in Shanghai and being put under torture. He was arrested for kidnapping a wealthy comprador's daughter. This case was famous at the time. Later movies were about this case.

Yang Yuelou's third son, Yang Xiaolou, was also a famous Peking opera performer.

## In popular culture

Several actors have starred as Yang Yuelou in dramatizations of his 1873 case: Henry Lo in the 1986 Hong Kong TV series _Four Strange Cases of the Late Qing Dynasty_ (), Xu Xiaojian in the 1996 Chinese TV series _The Incredible Injustice to an Opera Actor_ (), and Mark Cheng in the 1999 Chinese martial arts film _Tragedy On and Off the Stage_ ().

## Infobox (chinese)

- **t**: 楊月樓
- **s**: 杨月楼
- **p**: Yáng Yuèlóu
Mei Qiaoling

**Mei Qiaoling** (25 September 1842 – 16 December 1882), born **Mei Fang**, courtesy name **Xiaobo** and art name **Huixian**, was an artist and actor. He was from the Qing dynasty. He acted in Peking opera. He acted in Beijing. He mostly played in _dan_ roles. This meant that he mostly played in women roles. Mei Qiaoling was born in Taizhou, Jiangsu. He was sold to a man in Suzhou at age 8. Mei was later sold to a theatrical troupe. He was then trained to become a performer. He was known to be fat. He earned the nickname "Fat Qiaoling" (). When he was 30, he became the leader of the Four Happiness Troupe (). This was one of the most famous troupes in Beijing.

His son Mei Yutian was also a performer. His grandson Mei Lanfang was the most accomplished Peking opera artist.

## In popular culture

In the 2002 comedy TV series _The Best Clown Under Heaven_ (), Mei Qiaoling is portrayed by Peking opera actor Song Xiaochuan ().

## Infobox (chinese)

- **child**: yes
- **p**: Méi Qiǎolíng
- **altname**: Mei Fang
- **p2**: Méi Fāng
- **altname3**: Mei Xiaobo
- **p3**: Méi Xiǎobō
- **altname4**: Huixian
- **p4**: Huìxiān
- **l4**: Intelligent fairy


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mei Qiaoling
- **birth name**: Mei Fang
- **birth place**: Taizhou, Jiangsu, Taizhou, Jiangsu, Qing dynasty, Qing Empire
- **death place**: Beijing, Zhili, Qing Empire
- **occupation**: Peking opera and _kunqu_ performer
- **employer**: Four Happiness Troupe
- **known for**: _Dan role, Dan_ roles
Tan Xinpei

**Tan Xinpei** (23 April 1847 – 10 May 1917) was a Chinese Peking opera artist. Tan Xinpei played in many _sheng_ roles. Tan Xinpei was thought to be the most important Peking opera performer in his generation. He was also the only actor in China's first movie. This movie was _Dingjun Mountain_ (1905).

Over 40 of Tan Xinpei's family members were Peking opera performers. His grandson Tan Fuying was a famous opera performer.

There are audio recordings of Tan Xinpei that still exist.

## Movies

|Year|Title|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"||_Dingjun Mountain_|rowspan="2"|Opera Lord|first Chinese film|
|_Chang ban po_||||||

## Infobox (chinese)

- **child**: yes
- **t**: 譚鑫培
- **s**: 谭鑫培
- **p**: Tán Xīnpéi


## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Tan Xinpei Dingjunshan 1905.jpg
- **caption**: Tan in a surviving still of _Dingjun Mountain (film), Dingjun Mountain_ (1905)
- **birth place**: Wuchang District, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- **death place**: Beijing, China
- **occupation**: Peking opera, Peking opera artist, actor
- **years active**: 1905
Show Me Your Love

***Show Me Your Love***  is the debut studio album by Ukrainian singer Tina Karol, released on May 16, 2006 by Lavina Music.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Show Me Your Love
- **type**: Studio
- **artist**: Tina Karol
- **released**: May 16, 2006
- **genre**: Pop
- **label**: Lavina Music
- **producer**: Mikhail Nekrasov
- **next title**: Nochey
- **next year**: 2007
Pole of attraction

**"Pole of Attraction"** is the second studio album by Ukrainian singer Tina Karol, released on December 25, 2007 by Astra Records.  The album is the third in the singer’s discography.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Pole of attraction
- **type**: Studio
- **artist**: Tina Karol
- **released**: December 25, 2007
- **genre**: Pop
- **label**: Astra Records
- **producer**: Evgeny Ogir, Olesya Ryabinina, Brian Rowling, Paul Mihan
- **prev title**: Night
- **prev year**: 2006
- **next title**: 9 lives
- **next year**: 2010
Bai Renfu

**Bai Renfu** (, c. 1226−1306), also called **Bai Pu** (), was a Chinese playwright. Bai Renfu was from the Yuan dynasty.

He wrote 16 plays. 3 of these plays still exist.
- _Over the Wall_ (裴少俊牆頭馬上 _Péi Shǎo Jùn Qiáng Tóu Mǎ Shàng_)
- _Rain on the Paulownia Tree_ (唐明皇秋夜梧桐雨 _Táng Míng Huáng Qiū Yè Wú Tóng Yǔ_) about  Emperor Xuanzong and Lady Yang Guifei:
- _Romance of the East Wall_ (董秀英花月東牆記 _Dǒng Xiù Yīng Huā Yuè Dōng Qiáng Jì_)

## References

- Crump, J. I. (1990). _Chinese Theater in the Days of Kublai Khan_. (Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies The University of Michigan) .
Walkers

**Walkers** is a British snack food company owned by PepsiCo most known for making many potato chips.
Luo Guanzhong

**Luo Ben** (c. 1330–1400, or c.1280–1360), also called **Guanzhong** (<small>Mandarin pronunciation: </small>), was a Chinese novelist. He lived during the Ming dynasty. He is also known by his pseudonym **Huhai Sanren** ().  Luo Guanzhong wrote the _Romance of the Three Kingdoms_. This book is one fo the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature.

## Related pages

- _Romance of the Three Kingdoms_, text that he probably wrote

## Bibliography

- _Can Tang Wudai Shi Yanzhuan_ (残唐五代史演義, "The End of Tang Dynasty and the Period of the Five Dynasties")
- _Fenzhuang Lou_ (粉妝樓, "Cosmetical Building")
- _Romance of the Three Kingdoms_
- _Sui Tang Zhizhuan_ (隋唐志傳)
- _Sui Tang Liangchao Zhizhuan_ (隋唐兩朝志傳, "The Chronicle of the Sui and Tang Dynasties)
- _The Three Sui Quash the Demons' Revolt_ (attributed)
- _Water Margin_ (editing)

## Other websites

- Andrew West, The Textual History of Sanguo Yanyi - Authorship

## Infobox (person/wikidata)

- **fetchwikidata**: ALL


## Infobox (chinese)

- **t**: 羅貫中
- **s**: 罗贯中
- **p**: Luó Guànzhōng
- **w**: Lo Kuan-chung
- **y**: Lòh Gunjūng
- **j**: Lo<sup>4</sup> Gun<sup>3</sup> Zung<sup>1</sup>
- **altname**: Birth name
- **t2**: 羅本
- **s2**: 罗本
- **p2**: Luó Běn
- **w2**: Lo Pen
- **y2**: Lòh Bún
- **j2**: Lo<sup>4</sup> Bun<sup>2</sup>
- **altname3**: Also known as
- **t3**: 湖海散人
- **s3**: 湖海散人
- **p3**: Húhǎi Sǎnrén
- **w3**: Ho-hai San-jen
- **l3**: Leisure Man of Lakes and Seas
- **y3**: Wùhhói Sáanyàhn
- **j3**: Wu<sup>4</sup> Hoi<sup>2</sup> Saan<sup>2</sup> Jan<sup>4</sup>
Slave (James Reyne song)

"**Slave**" is a 1991 song by Australian singer James Reyne and is the leading single from his third studio album _Electric Digger Dandy_. It went to number 10 in Australia.

## Track listings

- CD Single/ 7”
1. "Slave" (James Reyne, Jim Vallance) - 4:13
1. "Outback Woman" - 3:38

- 12"
- A1 "Slave"
- B1 "Outback Woman" (Reyne, Tony Joe White)
- B2 "I Will Walk Beside You" (Reyne, Simon Hussey)

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Slave
- **caption**: CD single cover
- **type**: single
- **artist**: James Reyne
- **album**: Electric Digger Dandy
- **b-side**: Outback Woman
- **released**: May 1991
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop/Rock music, rock
- **label**: Virgin Records
- **writer**: James Reyne, Jim Vallance
- **producer**: Simon Hussey
- **prev title**: Trouble in Paradise
- **prev year**: 1989
- **next title**: Any Day Above Ground
- **next year**: 1991
Aspergillus fumigatus

***Aspergillus fumigatus*** is a species of fungus in the genus _Aspergillus_.  It is one of the most common _Aspergillus_ species to cause disease in people that have an immunodeficiency.
Mashadakhel

**Mashadeakhel** (also **Mashadakhel**) was a Nubian king who probably ruled in the second or third century C.E. He’s so far known only from the Pyramid Beg W113 in Meroe. His name is recorded there in Meroitic script on a fragment of an offering tablet. It is doubtful that this is his pyramid. The tablet may have been stolen in ancient times.

## Biography

His origin is uncertain, and his name is unusual for a Kushite king. He is mentioned only in an inscription on a sacrificial tablet in pyramid W113 at Meroe. There is considerable doubt among scholars as to whether this burial was of Mashadeahel.

He was probably a usurper who overthrew King Ariesebohe (a female relative) around the C.E.220s and was able to hold on to the throne for almost 20 years. He was overthrown around C.E.246. Tekerideamani became the successor.

## Literature

- Inge Hofmann: "Contributions to Meroitic Chronology", St. Augustin near Bonn 1978, p. 155, ISBN 3921389801
- László Török, in: "Fontes Historiae Nubiorum, Vol. III", Bergen 1998, pp. 954–955, ISBN 8291626073

## Infobox (pharaoh)

- **name**: Mashadeakhel
- **role**: List of monarchs of Nubia, Nubian pharaoh, king (kore)
Thanks for Coming

***Thanks for Coming*** (Spanish: ***Gracias por venir***) is a 2023 Chilean drama movie directed by first time director Taiyo Yamazaki and starring Daniel Candia, Alejandro Trejo, Alejandra Yáñez, América Navarro and Roberto Villena.
Natural slavery

**Natural slavery** is the idea that saome people are slaves by nature, while others are slaves by convention or by law. Aristotle first wrote about this, in his book politics. In this book, he defines a natural slave as "_anyone who, while being human, is by nature not his own but of someone else_"; he also writes  "he is of someone else when, while being human, he is a piece of property; and a piece of property is a tool for action separate from its owner." From this, Aristotle defines natural slavery in two phases. The first is the natural slave's existence and characteristics. The second is the natural slave in society and in interaction with their master. According to Aristotle, natural slaves' main features include being pieces of property, tools for actions, and belonging to others.
Kithure Kindiki

**Abraham Kithure Kindiki** (born 17 July 1972) is a Kenyan politician, lawyer and a former law professor who is the 3rd and current deputy President of Kenya since 1 November 2024. He was the Cabinet Secretary for Interior and National Administration from 2022 to 2024. He was the Senator for Tharaka-Nithi County from 2013 to 2022.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Kithure Kindiki
- **image**: File:Kithure Kindiki in office.jpg
- **caption**: Kindiki in 2023
- **office1**: 13th Deputy President of Kenya
- **term start1**: 1 November 2024
- **president1**: William Ruto
- **predecessor1**: Rigathi Gachagua
- **office2**: Deputy Party Leader of the United Democratic Alliance (Kenya), United Democratic Alliance
- **term start2**: 11 November 2024
- **leader2**: William Ruto
- **predecessor2**: Rigathi Gachagua
- **office3**: Cabinet Secretary for Interior
- **term start3**: 22 October 2022
- **term end3**: 31 October 2024
- **president3**: William Ruto
- **predecessor3**: Fred Matiang'i
- **successor3**: Musalia Mudavadi (acting)
- **office4**: Senate of Kenya, Senator for Tharaka-Nithi County
- **term start4**: 4 March 2013
- **term end4**: 9 September 2022
- **predecessor4**: Position established
- **successor4**: Mwenda Getaya
- **birthname**: Abraham Kithure Kindiki
- **birth date**: 17 July 1972 (Age 52)
- **birth place**: Tharaka, Meru District, Kenya, Meru District, Eastern Province, Kenya
- **party**: United Democratic Alliance (Kenya), United Democratic Alliance (2021–present)
- **occupation**: Politician, lawyer
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Lenana School
The French Connection (movie)

***The French Connection*** is a 1971 American neo-noir action thriller movie directed by William Friedkin. It stars Gene Hackman, Roy Scheider, and Fernando Rey. The screenplay, by Ernest Tidyman, is based on Robin Moore's 1969 book of the same name.

At the 44th Academy Awards, the movie earned eight nominations and won five, for Best Picture, Best Actor (Hackman), Best Director, Best Film Editing, and Best Adapted Screenplay. It was also nominated for Best Supporting Actor (Scheider), Best Cinematography and Best Sound Mixing.

In 2005, the Library of Congress picked the movie for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant".

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The French Connection
- **director**: William Friedkin
- **producer**: Philip D'Antoni
- **screenplay**: Ernest Tidyman
- **music**: Don Ellis
- **cinematography**: Owen Roizman
- **editing**: Gerald B. Greenberg
- **distributor**: 20th Century-Fox
- **runtime**: 104 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **budget**: $1.8–2.2 million
- **gross**: $75 million (worldwide )
My Life as a Vlog

"**My Life as a Vlog**" is the twelfth episode of the thirty-fourth season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on January 1, 2023.

## Infobox (simpsons episode)

- **title**: My Life as a Vlog
- **series**: The Simpsons
- **season**: 34
- **episode**: 12
- **director**: Debbie Bruce Mahan
- **writer**: Jessica Conrad
- **production**: OABF05
- **guests**: *Bob the Drag Queen as himself
*Michael Rapaport as Mike Wegman
*Monét X Change as herself
- **prev**: Top Goon
- **next**: The Many Saints of Springfield
- **season article**: The Simpsons season 34
- **episode list**: List of The Simpsons episodes
Adis Duderija

**Dr. Adis Duderija** is a contemporary Islamic scholar and a Muslim academic known for his work on combating Wahhabism. He is currently serving as an associate professor and chair of Islamic studies at Griffith University.

## Works

- Constructing a Religiously Ideal', Believer', and', Woman', in Islam: Neo-traditional Salafi and Progressive Muslims' Methods of Interpretation
- Literature Review: Identity Construction in the Context of Being a Minority Immigrant Religion: The Case of Western-born Muslims

## Other websites

- Adis Dudreija 's profile on Google Scholar
Natalia (singer)

**Natalia Rodríguez Gallego** (Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Cádiz, December 11, 1982), known simply as **Natalia**, is a Spanish singer, songwriter and presenter.

He became known in the first edition of the Spanish talent show _Operación Triunfo_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Natalia
- **website**: [http://www.nataliaoficial.com/ Web oficial]
[http://www.facebook.com/nataliaoficialmusic Facebook Oficial]
 [http://www.twitter.com/NataliaOficial_ Twitter Oficial]
 [http://www.youtube.com/nataliahits YouTube Oficial]
March of Friuli

The **March of Friuli** was a Carolingian march. The March was in the historical region of Friuli. This area is now in the modern province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia in north-eastern Italy.

In 776, the Franks conquested the Lombard Kingdom. This meant that Frankist dukes would rule the Duchy of Friuli. They slowly expanded to the east of this area to where the Slavs and Avars were. In 828, the area controlled by the Franks was reorganized. The central area (Friuli) would be ruled by local counts. These local counts were later margraves. In 843, the region was added to the Middle Francia. The area was ruled by margraves (sometimes also called dukes) from the house of Unruochings. The region was part of post-Carolingian Italy until 952. In 952, the area was given to the Duchy of Bavaria as the March of Verona. The March of Verona had parts of modern Italy and Slovenia.

### Dukes

- 776–787 Marcarius
- 789–799 Eric
- 799–808 Hunfrid
- 808–817 Aio
- 817–819 Cadalaus
- 819–828 Balderic

### Margraves

- 830–866 Eberhard (also _dux Foroiuli_)
- 866–874 Unroch (III)
- 874–890 Berengar, also Holy Roman Emperor
- 891–896 Walfred
- 896–924 Berengar, also Holy Roman Emperor
- 924–952 Berengar II

## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**: Margraviatus Forumiulii
- **conventional long name**: March of Friuli
- **common name**: Friuli
- **era**: Early Middle Ages
- **empire**: Carolingian Empire
- **government type**: March (territory), March
- **year start**: 828
- **year end**: 952
- **p1**: Duchy of Friuli
- **s1**: March of Verona
- **image map**: Awarenmark-frankenreich-es.svg
- **image map caption**: March of Friuli and the surrounding lands
- **leader1**: Eberhard of Friuli, Eberhard <small>(first)</small>
- **leader2**: Berengar II of Italy, Berenger II <small>(last)</small>
- **year leader1**: 846-866
- **year leader2**: 924-952
- **title leader**: Margrave of Friuli
Bythos

**Bythos** is a conception in the gnostic philosophy. It corresponds to the concept of Monad. It is named that way, to correspond the concept of father, as the father of the autogenes and also the emanator of the first pure emanation barbelo. Bythos itself described as having perfection, and innefability, and all regards corresponding to the concept of monad. He is described as not the creator of the known world, but rather the emanator of the aeons, on which the last and youngest aeon created the abominable one.

Bythos itself mentioned in Apocryphon of John. However, Bythos is unclear whether it is personal or not, perhaps it is a personified concept.
Hylorina sylvatica

The **emerald forest frog**  (_Hylorina sylvatica_) is a frog.  It lives in Chile and Argentina on the east side of the Andes Mountains.

## Body

The adult male frog is 53-56 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 60-66 mm long. The male frog has brighter color than the female frog does. All adult frogs change color.  At night, the frogs are dark green in color. During the day, they are bright emerald green with two bright copper-colored band stripes. The adult male frog has some yellow color on the vocal sac that he uses to call.  The pupil of the eye is narrow and opens side to side in an oval shape.

## Home

People find this frog under logs and rocks in wet places in forests with Nothofagus plants. Scientists saw this frog as high as 1000 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog inside at least ten protected parks.

## Reproduction

This frog needs wetlands with many plants around them to lay its eggs. The female frog lays eggs in the water. This animal stays a tadpoles for a long time. It spends one whole winter as a tadpoles. So this frog cannot use temporary pools or ponds that dry up for part of the year.

The tadpoles are light brown on top and dark brown on the belly. They have a dark ring on the nose and a four-sided spot between the eyes.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out.  People change the places where the frog lives to get wood and make pine tree farms. Fish from other parts of the world might eat this frog.
Doolittle, Missouri

**Doolittle** is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States.
Cellular life

**Cellular life** is any Living organism which has cells. Most cellular life are single-celled organisms like bacteria or amoeba while some are multi-celluar like animals and trees.
Edgar Springs, Missouri

**Edgar Springs** is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States.
Newburg, Missouri

**Newburg** is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States.
St. James, Missouri

**St. James** is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States.
Duc Phuc

**Nguyen Duc Phuc** (born October 15, 1996), commonly known by his stage name **Duc Phuc**, is a Vietnamese male singer. He is widely known to the audience as the champion of the third season of the show _The Voice Vietnam_. In 2025 he won the show "Intervision".

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **nhạc cụ**: Giọng hát
- **năm hoạt động**: 2015 – nay
- **nguyên quán**: Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Duc Phuc
- **image**: Đức Phúc tại Siêu thử thách 2021 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Đức Phúc in 2021
- **birth name**: Nguyen Duc Phuc
Kern arc

The **Kern arc** is a rare sky phenomena.

This phenomenon is so rare that it has been reported six times. It has been photographed only once by Finnish astrophotographer Marko Mikkilä.

## Name

The Kern arc got its name from the Dutch scientist H.F.A. Kern, who was the first to see and report it on 8 October, 1895.

## Appearance

It looks like a white ring around the zenith, the point straight up from you. It belongs to the family of ice crystal halos, and although it looks different than the more common circumzenithal arc which is only half of an arc, they often appear at the same time.

## Cause

The Kern arc is created by the scattering of sunlight through specific ice crystal shapes, specifically triangles.
Hemipristis plicatilis

***Hemipristis plicatilis*** is an extinct species of wealsel sharks that lived in Cretaceous period. The species was been describried by Kiprijanoff V. in 1854.
Hemipristis

***Hemipristis*** is a genus of weasel shark that lived in Late Jurassic to recent. It contains one living species: Weasel Shark (_Hemipristis elongata_).

The genus was much more abundant in the past, containing several species in the same genus, now all extinct.

## Species

- Weasel shark (_Hemipristis elongata_) <small>Klunzinger, 1871</small>
- †_Hemipristis curvatus_ <small>Dames, 1883</small>
- †_Hemipristis serra_ <small>Agassiz, 1835</small>
- †_Hemipristis plicatilis_ <small>Klunzinger, 1871</small>
- †_Hemipristis tanakai_ <small>Tomita et al., 2023</small>
- †_Hemipristis intermedia_ <small>Cicimurri, Ebersole, Stringer, Starnes & Phillips, 2025</small>
- †_Hemipristis liui_ <small>Tao & Hu, 2008</small>
- †_Hemipristis_ sp. <small>Antunes, M.T. & Jonet, S. & Nascimento, A. (1981)</small>
Game Done Changed

"**Game Done Changed**" is the tenth episode of the thirty-fourth season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on December 4, 2022.

## Infobox (television episode)

- **series**: The Simpsons
- **season**: 34
- **episode**: 10
- **director**: Timothy Bailey
- **writer**: Ryan Koh
- **production**: OABF03
- **prev**: When Nelson Met Lisa
- **next**: Top Goon
- **season article**: The Simpsons season 34
- **episode list**: List of The Simpsons episodes
Hemipristis serra

***Hemipristis serra*** is an extinct species of weasel shark that lived in Oligocene to Miocene epochs_._ It estimates in 7 meters (22.9 ft) in lenght of maximum body size. He hunted small cetaceans and extinct sirenians, as the _Metaxytherium_. It's lived in South Florida, Mexico. The species was originaly named as _Hemipristis paucidens_ by Louis Agassiz in 1835, but It synomized in 1902 a junior synonym of this species by Hay.
2025 Blatten landslide

The **Blatten landslide**, sometimes called a rock-fall or ice-avalanche, or **glacier collapse**, is a natural disaster that occurred on May 28, 2025. The landslide destroyed most of the village of Blatten in the Lötschental in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The landslide was an avalanche, made of debris and ice. A glacier in the area of the Bietschhorn had collapsed and  caused the landslide. Monitoring equipment was in place, which allowed to evacuate the village on May 19, about 10 days before the event. A shepherd was first reported missing, but he likely died.

## Related pages

- Rock-fall

## References

- Theodor Hügi, Hugo Ledermann, Ernst Schläppi: _Sheet 1268 Lötschental (Atlas Sheet 82) – Explanations._ In: Swiss Geological Commission, National Hydrology and Geology (ed.) : _Geological Atlas of Switzerland 1:25 000_, 1988 ( online ).

## Other websites

- _Landslide in the Lötschental: Blatten VS before and after the landslide – the pictures_ . In: _srf.ch_ .
Bietschhorn

The **Bietschhorn** is a mountain in the Bernese Alps, on the border between the cantons of Berne and Valais. It has a height of  which makes it one of the highest peaks in the region. In the Lötschen valley (Lötschental) it is also called "Nesthorn". There's a glacier which is called "Nestgletscher" (Nest glacier). There's another mountain called Nesthorn, in Valais, nearby. A part of the Bietschhorn is called Kleines Nesthorn. This part rose to fame, because it was what started the 2025 Blatten landslide.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Bietschhorn
- **photo**: Bietschhorn01.jpg
- **photo size**: 285
- **photo caption**: The south face
- **elevation m**: 3934
- **prominence m**: 807
- **isolation km**: 13.4
- **parent peak**: Finsteraarhorn
- **listing**: List of mountains of the Alps above 3000 m, Alpine mountains above 3000 m
- **map**: Switzerland
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **location**: Valais, Switzerland
- **range**: Bernese Alps
- **first ascent**: 1859 by Leslie Stephen and party
Atelognathus

***Atelognathus*** is a group of frogs in the family Batrachylidae. People call them **Patagonia frogs** in English. They live in Patagonia, which is a place in Argentina and Chile.

## Species

There are seven species in the genus:
- _Atelognathus nitoi_ <small>(Barrio, 1973)</small>
- _Atelognathus patagonicus_ <small>(Gallardo, 1962)</small>
- _Atelognathus praebasalticus_ <small>(Cei and Roig, 1968)</small>
- _Atelognathus reverberii_ <small>(Cei, 1969)</small>
- _Atelognathus solitarius_ <small>(Cei, 1970)</small>

Scientists used to think that _Chaltenobatrachus grandisonae_ was really _Atelognathus grandisonae_, but they moved it into a group by itself.
Seal of the vice president of the United States

The **Seal of the Vice President of the United States** is used to mark correspondence from the Vice President to other members of the Government, and is also used as a symbol of the Vice Presidency.

## Uses of the seal

The only official seal of the U.S. vice president is a brass die in their office, used to make wax impressions on official documents. It measures 1¾ inches (4.4 cm) across. Other versions, called facsimiles, are made by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing for things like stationery and invitations, when requested.

These other seals are often used as symbols to represent the vice president. They appear on podiums during speeches and on vehicles like Air Force Two, Marine Two, and limousines. The coat of arms, without the words around it, is also used on the Vice Presidential Service Badge and the vice president’s flag.

### Regulated use

In general, commercial use of the seal is prohibited by 18 USC 713 of the United States Code, and further defined by Executive Orders 11916 and 11649, the same statutes which protect the seal of the president of the United States.

## Infobox (coat of arms)

- **name**: Seal of the vice president
of the United States
- **image**: Seal of the Vice President of the United States.svg
- **image width**: 200
- **middle**: Seal of the Vice President of the United States (1948-1975).svg
- **middle width**: 170
- **middle caption**: Former seal, used from 1948 to 1975.
- **armiger**: Vice President of the United States
- **year adopted**: 1975
- **crest**: Behind and above the eagle a radiating Halo (religious iconography), glory or (heraldry), or, on which appears an arc of thirteen cloud puffs gray, and a constellation of thirteen Star (heraldry), mullets gray
- **shield**: pale (heraldry), Paleways of thirteen pieces argent and gules, a chief (heraldry), chief Azure (heraldry), azure
- **supporters**: An Bald eagle, American eagle charge (heraldry)#Birds 2, displayed holding in his dexter and sinister, dexter talon an olive branch Tincture (heraldry)#Proper, proper and in his Dexter and sinister, sinister a bundle of thirteen arrows gray, and in his beak a gray scroll inscribed <small>E Pluribus Unum, E PLURIBUS UNUM</small> sable (heraldry), sable
- **motto**: E pluribus unum
- **use**: On documents from the vice president to members of government, and as a symbol on vice presidential vehicles, podiums, and other places
Chaltenobatrachus grandisonae

The **Puerto Eden frog**  (_Chaltenobatrachus grandisonae_) is a frog.  It lives in Patagonia, which is in Chile and Argentina.

## Body

The adult male frog is 32.47 - 38.77 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 26.22 - 38.42 mm long. The skin of the frog's back is bright green in color with brown or reddish warts.  There are dark band stripes on the tops of the back legs. Younger frogs have more warts and brighter colors than adult frogs.  The bottoms of the legs are brown and partly clear. There is a dark brown band strope from the nose to the ear.  There is a dark mark under the eye to the mouth.  The iris of the eye is orange in color with gold spots and a dark line under the pupil. The pupil of the eye is shaped like a diamond.

## Home

People find this frog in forests, sometimes forests with bogs in them. Scientists saw this frog as high as 942 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog in one protected place: Laguna Caiquenes Protected Area in Chile.

## Reproduction

The female frog lays her eggs on branches or rocks just under the water in ponds. She lays 14-30 eggs at a time. The animals are tadpoles for about 10-12 weeks.  The tadpoles' skin is clear. Their bodies are brown with gold spots. Their eyes are gold with black spots. The tadpoles swim and grow in streams, ponds that stay all year, and ponds that dry up for part of the year.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out.  Because human beings do not go to the frog's home, they do not make too many changes to the places where the frog lives.
Pink Pony Club

"**Pink Pony Club**" is a song recorded by American singer Chappell Roan. It was released April 23, 2022, from her debut album, _The Rise and Fall of a Midwest Princess_ (2023). The song details Roan's move from the Midwest and Tennessee to California to achieve her dreams. It has also been described as a queer anthem.

In 2025, after going viral, the song matched the success of Roan's song, "Good Luck, Babe!" (2024) by reaching number four on the US _Billboard_ Hot 100 and topping the Pop Airplay chart. It also became Roan's first UK number-one. Roan has covered the song with English entertainer Elton John.

## Charts

|Chart (2022–2025)|Peak position|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align=left|US Pop Airplay (_Billboard_)|align=center|1|
|align-left|US Adult Contemporary (_Billboard_)|align=center|12|
|align=left|US Adult Pop Airplay (_Billboard_)|align=center|1|

## Infobox (song)

- **type**: single
- **artist**: Chappell Roan
- **album**: The Rise and Fall of a Midwest Princess
- **released**: April 23, 2022
- **genre**: Synth-pop
- **length**: 4:18
- **producer**: Nigro
- **prev title**: California
- **prev year**: 2020
- **next title**: My Kink Is Karma
- **next year**: 2022