juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dana Carvey

**Dana Thomas Carvey** (born June 2, 1955) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He is best known for his work as a cast member on _Saturday Night Live_. He is also known for playing the role of Garth Algar in the _Wayne's World movies series_.

Carvey was born on June 2, 1955 in Missoula, Montana. He studied at College of San Mateo and at the University of San Francisco. Carvey was married to Leah Carvey from 1979 until they divorced in 1980. He married Paula Zwagerman in 1983. They have two sons.

## Other websites

- Dana Carvey fansite
- Maxim Rated Top SNL performer
- Interview on FOX News Radio (6 mins.)
- Dana Carvey at Emmys.com

## Infobox (comedian)

- **image**: Dana Carvey at the Governor's Ball following the 41st Annual Emmy Awards cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Carvey in September 1989
- **birth place**: Missoula, Montana, U.S.
- **birth name**: Dana Thomas Carvey
- **medium**: Stand-up comedy, Stand-up, movies, television
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: San Francisco State University
- **active**: 1978–present
- **genre**: Improvisational comedy, Improvisational, Observational comedy, observational, character comedy, satire
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 2
Anne McCaffrey

**Anne McCaffrey** (1 April 1926 – 21 November 2011) was an American writer of fantasy fiction. She is best known for her books about dragons, the Dragonriders of Pern. She was the first woman to win a Hugo and Nebula Award.

## Other websites

- McCaffrey Triad

### Other

-  – official website, Anne McCaffrey
- Pern Home – official website, Pern and The Dragonriders of Pern™
- Anne McCaffrey Guest of Honour at Eurocon 2007
- Remembrances by Peter Morwood

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Anne McCaffrey
- **image**: Anne McCaffrey Dragon Con (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Anne McCaffrey in 2008
- **birth name**: Anne Inez McCaffrey
- **birth place**: Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **death place**: Dragonhold-Underhill, County Wicklow, Ireland
- **occupation**: Writer
- **spouse**: Horace Wright Johnson (divorced)
- **nationality**: Irish (naturalised citizen)
- **period**: 1965–2011
- **genre**: Science fiction, romance
- **notableworks**: _Restoree_, Dragonriders of Pern, _The Ship Who Sang_
Rochester

**Rochester** might mean:

## Places

In the United Kingdom:
- Rochester, Kent

In the United States:
- Rochester, Indiana
- Rochester, Kentucky
- Rochester, Minnesota
- Rochester, New York
Little Men

***Little Men, or Life at Plumfield with Jo's Boys*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in 1871. The story is about Jo Bhaer and the children at her Plumfield Estate School. It has been adapted for movies and television.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Little Men
- **image**: Little Men 1st ed.jpg
- **caption**: Title page, 1st edition
- **author**: Louisa May Alcott
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Children's novel
- **publisher**: Roberts Brothers
- **release date**: 1871
- **media type**: Print
- **preceded by**: Little Women
- **followed by**: Jo's Boys
Jo's Boys

***Jo's Boys, and How They Turned Out: A Sequel to "Little Men"*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in 1886. It tells of what happened to the children at Plumfield as they grew to adulthood.

## Other websites

- _Jo's Boys_ on Project Gutenberg

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Jo's Boys
- **author**: Louisa May Alcott
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Children's book
- **publisher**: Roberts Brothers
- **release date**: 1886
- **media type**: Print
- **preceded by**: Little Men
Dora Baltea

**Dora Baltea** or **Doire Baltée** ( or _Duria Bautica_; Valdôtain dialect: _Djouire_; Piemontes: _Deura Bàotia_), is a river in northern Italy. It is a left-hand tributary of the Po River, and is about  long.

## Geography

Dora Baltea is formed on the Mont Blanc massif by the confluence, near Entrèves, of two small rivers: **Dora di Ferret**, that comes from the Pré de Bar Glacier in Val Ferret; and **Dora di Veny**, that comes from the Miage Glacier in Val Veny.

As it crosses the Aosta Valley, the Dora Baltea flows through the city of Aosta (where the Buthier, a small river, runs into it) and near all the main cities of the lower Aosta Valley: Châtillon, Saint-Vincent, Verrès and Pont-Saint-Martin. After it enters the Piedmont region, it passes through the city of Ivrea and a good part of Canavese, gets from its right hand the waters of the Chiusella and reaches the Po at Crescentino.

The watershed has an area of , and its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 96 cubic metres per second when it gets to the Po river.

## Tributaries

The main tributaries of the Dora Baltea are (beginning at the source):

- In Valle d'Aosta
    - Dora di Verney
    - Dora di Valgrisenche
    - Dora di Rhêmes
    - Savara
    - Grand Eyvia
    - Buthier
    - Saint-Barthélemy
    - Marmore
    - Evançon
    - Ayasse
    - Lys
- In the Piedmont
    - Chiusella

## Discharge

The mean monthly discharges (in m³) for the years 1951-1991 in the confluence with the Po river were:

|44.6|40.8|53.5|85.1|175.8|223.9|154.2|98.2|81.8|75.3|68.6|49.7|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dic|

## Sports

Dora Baltea is a popular place for the practice of sports like canoeing, kayaking and similar water sports.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Dora Baltea
- **other name**: Doire Baltée
- **image**: Baltea a rondissone.jpg
- **image caption**: The river near Rondissone
- **source1 location**: Entrèves near Courmayeur
- **mouth location**: Po (river), Po near Crescentino
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Italy
- **discharge1 avg**: (mouth)
- **map**: Doire Baltée.png
- **map caption**: Dora Baltea location
- **tributaries left**: Buthier, Saint-Barthélemy, Marmore, Évançon, Lys (Dora Baltea), Lys
- **tributaries right**: Doire de Verney, Savara, Grand'Eyvia, Chalamy, Ayasse, Chiusella
Jaime Herrera Beutler

**Jaime Herrera Beutler** (born November 3, 1978) is an American politician. She is a member of the Republican Party. She was a representative for Washington in the United States House of Representatives from 2011 to 2023.

Jaime Herrera Beutler with nine other members of the Republican party and all of the Democrats voted to impeach Donald Trump a second time.

In August 2022, Herrera Beutler lost the Republican nomination in her re-election campaign against Trump-supported primary challenger Joe Kent.

## Infobox (congressman)

- **name**: Jaime Herrera Beutler
- **image**: Jaime Herrera Beutler, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
- **state**: Washington (U.S. state), Washington
- **district**: Washington's 3rd congressional district, 3rd
- **term start**: January 3, 2011
- **term end**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor**: Brian Baird
- **successor**: Marie Gluesenkamp Perez
- **state house2**: Washington
- **district2**: 18th
- **term start2**: November 2007
- **term end2**: January 2011
- **preceded2**: Richard Curtis (politician), Richard Curtis
- **succeeded2**: Ann Rivers
- **birth place**: Glendale, California
- **residence**: Camas, Washington
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Daniel Beutler
- **website**: [http://herrerabeutler.house.gov/ Official website]
Ryan Stanton

**Ryan Stanton** (born July 20, 1989, in St. Albert, Alberta) is a Canadian ice hockey defenceman. He played for the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He also played for the Washington Capitals and Chicago Blackhawks.

Before he played in the AHL and NHL, Stanton played 4 seasons in the Western Hockey League with the Moose Jaw Warriors. On March 12, 2010, the Chicago Blackhawks signed Stanton as a free agent. He played his first game with the IceHogs on March 6, 2010. Stanton was called up to the Blackhawks roster on April 26, 2013.

On September 30, 2013, Stanton was claimed off of waiver by the Vancouver Canucks.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Ryan Stanton Canucks.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **team**: Ontario Reign
- **former teams**: Chicago Blackhawks
Washington Capitals
Vancouver Canucks
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **position**: Defenceman
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 1
- **weight lb**: 190
- **birth place**: St. Albert, Alberta, St. Albert, Alberta, AB, Canada, CAN
- **draft**: Undrafted
- **career start**: 2010
Tristan

**Tristan** () is a legendary character from Cornish folklore. He was one of the main characters of the story of Tristan and Isolde. He was also one of the Knights of the Round Table in the Matter of Britain. He is son of Meliodas and Elizabeth the king and queen of lioness. He is sent to Ireland by his uncle the King of Cornwall, to bring back Isolde so that the king can marry her. However, Tristan and Isolde accidentally fall in love. As a Knight of the Round Table, Sir Tristan was a well-known archer and a close friend to King Arthur.
Orange juice

**Orange juice** (shortened to OJ) is juice of oranges which is made by squeezing the fruit. It comes in several varieties, such as blood orange. It has a lot of Vitamin C. Orange Juice also has folic acid in it, which can be harsh on a sensitive stomach.
Tropicana Products

**Tropicana Products** is a multinational American company. It makes soft drinks. It was founded in 1947. The company was established in Florida, but the current headquarters are in Chicago. The company specializes in orange juice. It is owned by PepsiCo, which owns other food brands including Gatorade and Frito-Lay.
Blohm & Voss Bv 142

The **Blohm & Voss Bv 142** was a German reconnaissance aircraft of World War II. Its maiden flight was in October 1938. It was built at the beginning like an airliner. But just one was used by Lufthansa. The others were used by Luftwaffe for far reconnaissance. Fragile and unwieldy, it was stopped in 1942, just two years after it commissioned. Only four examples were built.
Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction

The **Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction** (often shortened to _BZR_ or _BZ_) is an example of a chemical oscillator. It is often used to illustrate a chaotic system. The BZR is made of several chemical reactions, that occur in sequence. It shows chemical oscillation, which is unusual for chemical reactions. At first it was thought to be a measurement error, or an artifact. It was thought that according to the Second law of thermodynamics, this should not occur. According to this law, a system that is in an unordered state will not assume an ordered state on its own, that is without the provision of energy. However, this is only applicable in a closed system, and does not apply to the BZ reaction.

The reactions are theoretically important because they show that chemical reactions do not have to be dominated by  equilibrium thermodynamic behavior. These reactions are far from equilibrium and remain so for a significant length of time. In this sense, they provide an interesting chemical model of nonequilibrium biological phenomena. The mathematical models of the BZ reactions themselves are of theoretical interest.

An essential aspect of the BZ reaction is called"excitability": under the influence of stimuli, patterns develop in what would otherwise be a perfectly calm medium. Some clock reactions such as Briggs–Rauscher and BZ using the tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride as catalyst can be made to show self-organising activity through the influence of light.

Similar processes were already known in the 19th century. Wilhelm Ostwald gave a detailed account in 1899 and 1900, describing the oscillations of Chrome in Hydrochloric acid and of iron in Nitric acid. Boris Pavlovich Belousov accidentally discovered the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction in the 1950s. Ilya Prigogine was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1977. His research focused on systems which were far away from an equilibrium state, the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction was included. Beloussow was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1980, after his death. The Lenin prize was the highest distinction for scientific achievement in the Soviet Union.
Siebel Si 204

The **Siebel Si 204** was a World War II-era German light transport aircraft built by Siebel. After the war it was also built in Czechoslovakia as **Aero C3** and in France as **SNCAN NC-701 Martinet**. Siebel Si 204 was a twin-engine monoplane that can carry about ten passengers. Major user were the Luftwaffe.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Siebel Si 204
- **image**: File:Letecké_muzeum_Kbely_(120).jpg
- **caption**: **Siebel Si 204** in a museum.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Transport aircraft
- **national origin**: Nazi Germany
- **manufacturer**: Siebel.
- **first flight**: 1938
- **status**: Retired
- **primary user**: Luftwaffe
PZL TS-8

The **PZL TS-8** is a Polish military training aircraft built between 1957 and 1959. It was used by the Polish air force until 1978. It was sold to just one other air force in the world, Indonesia, and only 250 models were built. It was a single engine monoplane that can carry a crew of two peoples, trainer and student.
Moomins

The **Moomins** () are the main characters in a series of books and a comic strip by Swedish-speaking Finnish illustrator and writer Tove Jansson, originally published in Swedish by Schildts in Finland.

They are a family of white, roundish fairy tale characters with large snouts that make them look like hippopotamuses. The carefree and adventurous family live in their house in Moominvalley, though in the past, their part-time residences have included a lighthouse and a theatre. They have had many adventures along with their various friends.

In all, nine books were released in the series, together with five picture books and a comic strip being released between 1945 and 1993.

The Moomins have since been the subject for many television series, movies and even a theme park called Moomin World in Naantali, Finland.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: The Moomins
- **image**: Muumipeikko.jpg
- **caption**: Moomintroll in Muumimaailma, Naantali. 2010
- **title orig**: Mumintroll
- **translator**: * To English: Elizabeth Portch, Thomas Warburton, Kingsley Hart
- **author**: Tove Jansson
- **illustrator**: Tove Jansson
- **country**: Finland
- **language**: Swedish language, Swedish
- **genre**: Children's fantasy
- **publisher**: Drawn and Quarterly, Macmillan Publishers (United States), Macmillan, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Schildts, Zangavar, Sort of Books
- **media type**: Print, digital
Anggun

**Anggun Cipta Sasmi** (<small>Indonesian pronunciation:</small> [aŋˈɡun ˈt͡ʃipta ˈsasmi]; born 29 April 1974) is an Indonesian and French-naturalised singer-songwriter. Born in Jakarta, she began performing at the age of seven and recorded a children's album two years later. With the help of famed Indonesian producer Ian Antono, in 1986 Anggun released her first rock-influenced studio album, _Dunia Aku Punya_. She became further well known with the single "Mimpi" (1989), which was listed as one of the 150 Greatest Indonesian Songs of All Time by _Rolling Stone_. She followed it with a series of singles and three more studio albums, which established her as one of the most prominent Indonesian rock stars of the early 1990s.

Anggun left Indonesia in 1994 to pursue an international career. After two years struggling in London and Paris, Anggun met French producer Erick Benzi and signed to Sony Music Entertainment. Her first international album, _Snow on the Sahara_ (1997), was released in 33 countries and became the best-selling album by an Asian artist outside Asia. The album spawned her signature hit "Snow on the Sahara", which reached number one in several countries. Since her international breakthrough, Anggun has released five English-language studio albums and six French-language studio albums, as well as a soundtrack album to the Danish film _Open Hearts_ (2002). She represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan, with the song "Echo (You and I)". She joined the judging panel of talent shows _X Factor Indonesia_ (2013) and _Asia's Got Talent_ (2015); the former made her the highest-paid judge in Indonesian television history.

Anggun is the Asian artist with the highest album sales outside Asia, with her releases being certified gold and platinum in some European countries. She is the first Indonesian artist to have success in European and American record charts. She has received a number of accolades for her achievements, including the Chevalier des Arts et Lettres from the Government of France and the World Music Award for World's Best-Selling Indonesian Artist. Aside from her musical career, Anggun has been involved in numerous environmental and humanitarian works. She has been appointed as the global ambassador of the United Nations twice, first for the International Year of Microcredit in 2005 and then for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2009 onwards.

## Album

- _Dunia Aku Punya_
- _Elevation_

## Other websites

- Anggun official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **years active**: 1986 - present


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Anggun
- **honorific suffix**: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres
- **image**: Anggun - Trianon Paris - juin 2012 (7386536046).jpg
- **alt**: A black-haired woman with a grey coat getting interviewed
- **caption**: Anggun C Sasmi at Le Trianon (theatre), Le Trianon, Paris, in June 2012
- **birth name**: Anggun Cipta Sasmi
- **alias**: Anggun C Sasmi
- **birth place**: Jakarta, Indonesia
Henschel Hs 123

The **Henschel Hs 123** is a biplane built in Nazi Germany as a dive bomber. Known like a _Sturzkampfflugzeug_ this single-engine was used for the Spanish Civil War and after for the World War II against Polish, Belgian, and French troops. Spanish air force used some **Hs 123**.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Henschel Hs 123
- **image**: File:Henschel_Hs_123_on_ground.jpg
- **caption**: **Henschel Hs 123**.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Sturzkampfflugzeug, Stuka aircraft
- **national origin**: Nazi Germany
- **manufacturer**: Henschel.
- **first flight**: 1935
- **introduction**: 1938
- **status**: Retired
- **primary user**: Luftwaffe
Eurocopter EC665 Tiger

The **Eurocopter EC665 Tiger** is a new generation of attack helicopter built in France and Germany by Eurocopter. At the beginning of 2013, countries using this were Australia, France, Germany, and Spain. The **Tiger** () is a twin-turbine helicopter built in metal. Weapons are rockets, 30mm cannon, and missiles.

France used this helicopter in the Afghanistan war and in 2013 war in Mali against al-Qaeda.

## Bibliography

- Jackson, Robert, _Helicopters: Military, Civilian, and Rescue Rotorcraft_ (The Aviation Factfile).  London: Grange Books Ltd, 2005. .
- Gaillard, Pierre, _Avions et hélicoptères militaires d'aujourd'hui_ Paris, France : Larivière éditions, 1999.  .

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Eurocopter EC665 Tiger
- **image**: File:Eurocopter_Tigre_de_l'aviation_légère_de_l'armée_de_terre.jpg
- **caption**: Eurocopter Tiger of the France, French Army.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Attack Helicopter
- **national origin**: France & Germany
- **manufacturer**: Eurocopter.
- **first flight**: April 27th 1991.
- **introduction**: 2005
- **status**: Active
- **primary user**: French Army
Paul Ireland

**Paul Ireland** (born 1970) is a Scottish actor from Ardrossan, North Ayrshire, Scotland. He is best known for his role as Duncan Hayes in _Neighbours_.
George Washington Parke Custis

**George Washington Parke Custis** (April 30, 1781 - October 10, 1857) was an American writer, orator, and agricultural reformer. He was the grandson of Martha Washington through her first husband, John Parke Custis. When his father Jack died at the end of the American Revolution, George and his sister Eleanor Custis moved to Mount Vernon.  George W. P. Custis was the grandson of Martha Dandridge Custis Washington (wife of George Washington). His father John Parke Custis was the stepson of George Washington. His mother was Eleanor Calvert Custis Stuart. He and his sister Nelly were officially the wards of his mother's second husband (their stepfather, Dr. David Stuart). His father, his father's sister Patsy, his own sister Eleanor (Nelly) and he grew up at George Washington's Mount Vernon.

In 1804, Custis married Mary Lee Fitzhugh. They had four children.  Only one, Mary Anna Randolph Custis, survived.  In 1818, Custis completed Arlington House in Alexandria, Virginia. He displayed a large number of Mount Vernon relics there.

In 1831, his daughter married Lt. Robert E. Lee. The two remained in Arlington House. They had 7 children. Lee helped Custis manage his business affairs. Custis died in his bedroom at Arlington House in 1857.

## References

- NPA:George Washington Parke Custis
José Carlos Ruiz González

**Jose Carlos Ruiz Gonzalez** (born November 4, 1971 in Los Realejos, Tenerife, Canary Islands) is a judo athlete from Spain. He has a disability: He is blind and is a B2 type athlete. He competed in judo at the 2000 Summer Paralympics and he won third place in the men's Up to 60 kg group.
María Monica Merenciano

**María Monica Merenciano Herrero** (born August 1, 1984 in Lliria, Valencia) is a judo athlete from Spain. She has a disability: She is blind and a B2 type athlete. She competed in judo at the 2004 Summer Paralympics and was the number three person to finish in the Up to 63 kg women's group.  She competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics and finished number three in the Up to 57 kg women at both Games.
María Del Mar Olmedo Justicia

**María Del Mar Olmedo Justicia** (born August 10, 1983 in  Almería) is a judo athlete from Spain. She has a disability: She is blind and a B3 type athlete. She competed in judo at the 2004 Summer Paralympics.  She was the number two judo athlete in the women's + 70 Kilogram group.
Electroencephalography

**Electroencephalography** is a way to record certain patterns of brain activity, on the skin of the head . Nerve cells use electricity to transmit information. It is one of the methods of diagnosis which can be used for conditions that affect the nerves. An **electroencephalogram** is a recorded electroencephalography. Both are abbreviated EEG. Electroencephalography is used to detect epilepsy, coma, sleep and brain death. Special adaptations exists to research sleep, for example the length of sleep rhythms. Sleep occurs in different phases, the specially adapted EEG can show the length of these phases.

## EEG waves

One way that scientists study EEG recordings is by looking at different waves in the EEG. These waves do not move across the body, but occur as changes in the signal at one place over time. They are studied using mathematical techniques for separating a signal into different frequencies. The slowest waves are called delta, and they occur at 1 to 4 cycles per second. Delta occurs in sleep and during anesthesia. The next frequency is called theta, and it occurs at 4 to 8 cycles per second. Theta is seen when a person is trying to keep many different things, such as numbers or words, in memory. It is also seen when a person is drowsy. After theta comes alpha, a wave occurring at 8 to 12 cycles per second. Alpha is seen over the back of the head when a person has his or her eyes shut. It is also seen when a person is resting or meditating. Faster than alpha is beta, a wave that occurs at 12 to 30 cycles per second. It is seen when a person is getting ready to move or no longer resting. It is also seen when a person takes benzodiazepine drugs. Finally, gamma is the fastest wave seen in EEG, occurring at 30 to 100 cycles per second. It is seen when a person is thinking or paying attention to something.
Book of Shadows

The **Book of Shadows** is a mix of religious text and personal diary content caried by many Wiccans. Gerald Gardner started the idea and said Wiccans should write down rituals and magical instructions inside.

## Related pages

- Grimoire
Regional language

A **regional language** is a language spoken in an area that is part of a larger nation state.

Internationally, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, _"regional or minority languages" means languages that are:_
1. _traditionally used within a given territory of a State by nationals of that State who form a group numerically smaller than the rest of the State's population; and _
1. _different from the official language(s) of that State_

A regional language is, in terms of political status, different from the official language of the country where it is spoken. The regional languages are sometimes recognized and protected by the regional government or the state: many states across the world recognize regional languages, and give them a status, as is the case, for example, of Wallonia, Spain, Italy or Switzerland. In other cases the state does not grant official status as an official language of the country; it is the case with the regional languages of France, which can be studied but cannot be used in the government or any public service, where only French is official.

## Status and trends

In some cases, a regional language may be the main or official language of another country; that is the case, in Europe, of French in the Valle d'Aosta, or Slovene in Austria.

Status changes may take place either by laws within a state or is by political and territorial changes.

An example of the first case is Belgium, where only French was the official language since the independence in 1831. In 1878, it was allowed that the provinces and districts where Flemish was spoken to use either French or Flemish; then, in 1938, Flemish became the official language of the northern part of Belgium.

For the second case, an example is the fragmentation of the Soviet Union where some regional languages, such as Latvian, Romanian or Georgian, became official languages in the new states formed after the fragmentation: Latvia, Moldova and Georgia.

In a federal state, an official language in a province, region or state, can be a regional language in other parts. That is the case, for example, in Canada, where French is the official language in the province of Quebec but is a regional one in other provinces.

## Related pages

- Minority language
- Provincial language
- National language
- Official language
The Longest Yard

***The Longest Yard*** (1974) is a comedy-drama movie starring Burt Reynolds, Eddie Albert, Enrique Peña Nieto, and Bernadette Peters. It is about a football team of prison inmates which plays against a team of prison guards.
The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas

***The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas*** is a 1982 American musical comedy movie starring Burt Reynolds, Jim Nabors, and Dolly Parton. It is based on a Broadway musical written by Peter Masterson.
Scranton

**Scranton** might mean:

Cities in the United States:
- Scranton, Arkansas
- Scranton, Iowa
- Scranton, Pennsylvania
Tupolev Tu-22

The **Tupolev Tu-22** is a former Soviet bomber of the Cold War. It is a twin-turbojets built entirely of metal with a swept-wing. It can carry about 6,000 kg of bombs in internal bay. It was used only by the USSR, Libya, and Iraq. The bomber could carry 3 crew members. NATO called the Tu 22 as _Blinder_. Tupolev Tu-22M is a modernized variant.

## Operational uses

Soviets forces used some **Tu-22** as high-speed reconnaissance planes.

Iraq used there bombers in Iran-Iraq War.

Libyan air force used the **Tupolev Tu-22** in September 1987 for bombing N'Djamena and the French infantry. The bomber was shoot down by a MIM-23 Hawk's missile of the Armée de l'Air.

## Bibliography

- Frawley, Gerard, _The international directory of military aircraft 2002/2003_ .  London: Aerospace Publication, 2002. .
- Gaillard, Pierre, _Avions et hélicoptères militaires d'aujourd'hui_ Paris, France : Larivière éditions, 1999.  .

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Tupolev Tu-22
- **image**: File:Engels_Air_base_museum_03.jpg
- **caption**: **Tu-22** at Engels air base in Russia.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Bomber
- **national origin**: USSR
- **manufacturer**: Tupolev.
- **first flight**: 1959
- **introduction**: 1962
- **status**: Retired
- **primary user**: Soviet Air Force.
- **number built**: 313
Inference

**Inference** is a process of deriving new knowledge, given existing knowledge, and a number of rules. In logic, there are three different forms:
- Deduction. Given some facts, and some rules, derive new knowledge. The best known case of this are syllogisms: All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is mortal. This is usually called deduction.
- Induction. In a car, the brake is used; the car slows down; therefore: using the brake will slow down the car. This is called induction.
- Abduction. Using the brake in a car will slow down the car; the car slows down; probably, the brake was used. This is called abduction.

## In other fields

- Inference in language, the opposite of implication (grammar)
- Inference (statistics) means to draw conclusions from data
- Type inference, determine type of variable or word
Combinatorial optimization

**Combinatorial optimization** is a branch of discrete mathematics. The problems looked at revolve around finding an optimal object from a set of objects, or finding an ordering of the objects in the set that is optimal according to some criteria. Examples are finding the Minimum spanning tree in a graph or the Travelling Salesman Problem. Many of the problems looked at have also been solved using linear programming.
Wollemia

***Wollemia*** is a genus of coniferous tree in the family Araucariaceae. It is a "living fossil", recently found in 1994. Its fossil record dates back 200 million years, and it was thought to be long extinct.

_Wollemia nobilis_ was discovered in 1994 in a temperate rainforest wilderness area of the Wollemi National Park in New South Wales. in a remote series of narrow, steep-sided sandstone gorges near Lithgow,  150 kilometres north-west of Sydney.

In both botanical and popular literature the tree has been called the **Wollemi Pine**. It is not a true pine (genus _Pinus_) nor a member of the pine family (Pinaceae), but is related to _Agathis_ and _Araucaria_ in the family Araucariaceae.

The Wollemi pine is classified as Critically Endangered (CR – D) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List 2002. It is legally protected in Australia. A Recovery Plan has been drawn up, outlining strategies for the management of this fragile population; the overall objective is to ensure that this species remains viable in the long-term.
Restless legs syndrome

**Restless leg syndrome** (also **restless legs syndrome**) is a serious neurological disorder. It involves an irresistible urge to move certain regions of the human body to stop odd or uncomfortable sensation. This condition often involves the legs, torso, the head or the arms. Moving an affected part of the body modulates sensations, which may provide temporary relief. Around 75% of people who have RLS have problems involving iron. Other possible issues include varicose veins, sleep troubles, conditions involving blood sugar, ADHD or fibromyalgia.
Premenstrual syndrome

**Premenstrual syndrome** is a collection of emotional symptoms and conditions, with or without conditions that are physical. To actually declare PMS, certain emotional symptoms are present, the most common of which include stress, anxiety, problems falling asleep (insomnia) and mood issues. The condition affects many females.
Little Chesterford

**Little Chesterford** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 205 people living in Little Chesterford. Little Chesterford is on the River Cam.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Little Chesterford
- **population**: 205
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Little Hallingbury

**Little Hallingbury** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1403 people living in Little Hallingbury.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Little Hallingbury
- **population**: 1403
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Little Sampford

**Little Sampford** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 256 people living in Little Sampford.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Little Sampford
- **population**: 256
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Manuden

**Manuden** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 636 people living in Manuden.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Manuden
- **population**: 636
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Strethall

**Strethall** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 22 people living in Strethall. The name "Strethall" comes from 'Nook of land by a Roman Road'.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Strethall
- **population**: 22
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Takeley

**Takeley** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 2308 people living in Takeley.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Takeley
- **population**: 2308
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Ugley

**Ugley** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 402 people living in Ugley. Ugley has a church called St Peter.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Ugley
- **population**: 402
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Wicken Bonhunt

**Wicken Bonhunt** is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 233 people living in Wicken Bonhunt. Wicken Bonhunt is in between Newport and Clavering.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Wicken Bonhunt
- **population**: 233
- **shire district**: Uttlesford
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Lambourne

**Lambourne** is a village and civil parish in Epping Forest, Essex, England. In 2011 there were 2013 people living in Lambourne.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Lambourne
- **population**: 2013
- **shire district**: Epping Forest
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Eight Cousins

***Eight Cousins, or The Aunt-Hill*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in 1875. It tells the story of orphan Rose Campbell and her eight aunts.
Frating

**Frating** is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England. In 2011 there were 537 people living in Frating. Frating church is now a private home.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Frating
- **population**: 537
- **shire district**: Tendring
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Rose in Bloom

***Rose in Bloom*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in Boston by Roberts Brothers in 1876. The book is a sequel to _Eight Cousins_. It is about Rose Campbell's entry into society.
Acun Ilıcalı

**Acun Ilıcalı** (born 29 May 1969, Edirne) is a Turkish producer and presenter. He is also the founder and owner of Acun Medya.

## Early life

Acun Ilıcalı was born in May 29, 1969 in Edirne. He completed his basic education in Edirne. He went to high school in İstanbul at Kadıköy Maarif College and Anatolian High School. He enrolled in ELT department at Istanbul University but he dropped out and decided to work on television.

## Programs

- _Fear Factor_
- _Survivor_
- _Var mısın Yok musun_
- _Yetenek Sizsiniz_
- _Yok Böyle Dans_
- _O Ses Türkiye_
Fingringhoe

**Fingringhoe** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 783 people living in Fingringhoe.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Fingringhoe
- **population**: 783
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Under the Lilacs

***Under the Lilacs*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in 1878.

## Other websites

- Project Gutenburg
- Full text version of _Under the Lilacs_
An Old-Fashioned Girl

***An Old-Fashioned Girl*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was published in 1869.
Fordham

**Fordham** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 818 people living in Fordham. Fordham has a church called All Saints, 2 pubs, one called Shoulder of Mutton and the other called Three Horse Shoes. Fordham also has a village store, which includes the post office.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Fordham
- **population**: 818
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
A Long Fatal Love Chase

***A Long Fatal Love Chase*** is a book by Louisa May Alcott. It was written in 1866, but first published in 1995.
Great Horkesley

**Great Horkesley** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 2259 people living in Great Horkesley.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Great Horkesley
- **population**: 2259
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Great Tey

**Great Tey** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 937 people living in Great Tey.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Great Tey
- **population**: 937
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Little Horkesley

**Little Horkesley** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 216 people living in Little Horkesley.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Little Horkesley
- **population**: 216
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Peldon

**Peldon** is a village and civil parish in Colchester borough, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 501 people living in Peldon. Peldon has a church called St Mary the Virgin.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **official name**: Peldon
- **population**: 501
- **shire district**: Colchester borough
- **shire county**: Essex
- **region**: East of England
Toby Tyler

***Toby Tyler; or, Ten Weeks with a Circus*** is a children's novel. It was written by 'James Otis' (James Otis Kaler). It was first published in parts (serialization) in the magazine _Harper's Young People_ in 1877. It was then published as a book by Harper & Brothers in 1881. A sequel called _Mr. Stubb's Brother_ was published in 1883.

The story is about a boy who runs away from a foster home to join the circus. It was one of many "bad boy" books of the 19th century that were meant to show boys the consequences of being "bad". _Toby Tyler_ was made into a Walt Disney movie in 1960.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Toby Tyler
- **image**: Toby Tyler cover.jpg
- **author**: James Otis Kaler
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Children's novel
- **publisher**: Harper & Brothers
- **release date**: 1881
- **media type**: Print
- **followed by**: Mr. Stubb's Brother (1883)
James Otis Kaler

**James Otis Kaler**  (March 19, 1848 — December 11, 1912) was an American writer. Kaler was born and died in Maine. He wrote many, many books for children (mostly boys) using the pen name James Otis. His first book _Toby Tyler_ is his best known book. It was made into the Walt Disney movie _Toby Tyler_ in 1960.

## Other websites

- Works by James Otis at Internet Archive (original edition scanned books illustrated color)
- Original edition scanned books with illustrations at Google Books
- (plain text and HTML)
- James Otis (Kaler), a site devoted to Kaler and his work
Pilatus PC-12

The **Pilatus PC-12** is a lightweight transport aircraft. It is built in Switzerland. It is a single-turboprop. It is made of metal and composite material. It can carry between six and nine passengers.

### Military

Some Pilatus PC-12 are used by the military, includng Afghanistan, Bulgaria, Finland, Republic of South Africa, Switzerland, and USA. In this last country the Pilatus PC-12 is called **U-28A** and is used for special forces support.

### Civil

Most **Pilatus PC-12** aircraft are used by civilian owners, including business aircraft.

## Bibliography

- Frawley, Gerard, _The international directory of military aircraft 2002/2003_ .  London: Aerospace Publication, 2002. .
- Gaillard, Pierre, _Avions et hélicoptères militaires d'aujourd'hui_ Paris, France : Larivière éditions, 1999.  .
- Wilson, Stuart, _Airliners of the world_,  London: Aerospace Publication, 1999.

## Infobox (aircraft begin)

- **name**: Pilatus PC-12
- **image**: File:Pilatus.pc12.landing.arp.jpg
- **caption**: Swiss **Pilatus PC-12** landing.


## Infobox (aircraft type)

- **type**: Light Transport#Kinds of transportation, transport aircraft
- **national origin**: Switzerland
- **manufacturer**: Pilatus.
- **first flight**: 1991
- **introduction**: 1994
- **status**: Active
- **unit cost**: 3.3 millions $
Cuban Spanish

**Cuban Spanish** is a dialect of the Spanish language. It is the dialect spoken in Cuba. It shares many of the same features as other Caribbean dialects of Spanish.

Much of Cuban Spanish derives from the Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands of Spain. This is because large numbers of Canarian people moved to Cuba in the 19th and early 20th centuries. People from other Spanish communities, such as Galicians, Catalans, Basques and Asturians, also moved here, but did not have as much influence on the language as the Canarians did. Many words in Cuban Spanish come from the Canarian dialect, but some words are from other parts of Spain. There are also words that come from West African languages, French, or from the indigenous Taíno language.

The language is spoken differently from east to west. The eastern part of the island had large plantations where many African slaves worked during the 18th and 19th centuries. Therefore, the east has a stronger influence from African languages (such as Yoruba and Kikongo) than the west. It is closer to Dominican Spanish than to the Spanish spoken in the western part of the island. The Haitian Creole language influenced the eastern Cuban culture after the Haitian Revolution. Some words of the eastern dialect can be traced back to Haitian Creole words used every day locally. Some Cubans can still speak Haitian Creole.

## Other websites

- Spanish in Cuba

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Cuban Spanish
- **nativename**: Español Cubano
- **speakers**: million
- **date**: 2011
- **script**: Latin script, Latin (Spanish alphabet)
- **familycolor**: Indo-European
- **fam2**: Italic languages, Italic
- **fam3**: Romance languages, Romance
- **fam4**: Western Romance languages, Western
- **fam5**: Ibero-Romance languages, Ibero-Romance
- **fam6**: West Iberian languages, West Iberian
- **fam7**: Spanish
- **isoexception**: dialect
- **glotto**: none
- **ietf**: es-CU
- **notice**: IPA
Water for Elephants

***Water for Elephants*** is a novel by Sara Gruen. It was published in 2006 by Algonquin Books. The story is about a 23 year old Polish American orphan who joins a circus during the Great Depression. Themes are love and romance, murder, and cruelty to animals. The story was made into a 2011 movie starring Robert Pattinson, Reese Witherspoon, Christoph Waltz, Jim Norton, and Hal Holbrook.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Water for Elephants
- **author**: Sara Gruen
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Circus
Crime
Historical
Romance
- **publisher**: Algonquin Books
- **release date**: 2006
- **media type**: Print
Boeing C-32

The **Boeing C-32** is a military variant of the 757 airliner. It is used by the United States Air Force for VIP and U.S. Federal Government transport. When used by the Vice President of the United States, it is called _Air Force Two_.
Air Force Two

***Air Force Two*** is the air traffic call sign of any U.S. Air Force aircraft carrying the vice president of the United States. They usually fly in one of the two specially changed Boeing 757, C-32 kept by the U.S. Air Force.
Maison de la Mutualité

The **Maison de la Mutualité** is a French convention center. It was built in 1930. It is in the 5th _arrondissement_ of Paris. It is often associated with left-wing political meetings. It is also a theater.
Toby Tyler (movie)

***Toby Tyler*** is a 1960 Walt Disney movie starring Kevin Corcoran as Toby. It is based on the book _Toby Tyler_ by James Otis Kaler.
Kevin Corcoran

**Kevin Anthony "Moochie" Corcoran** (June 10, 1949 – October 6, 2015) was an American director, producer, and former child actor. He worked as a child in many of Walt Disney's most popular movies of the late 1950s and 1960s. These include _Savage Sam_, _Old Yeller_, _Toby Tyler_, _Pollyanna_, _The Shaggy Dog_, and _Swiss Family Robinson_.

Corcoran died from colon cancer at the age of 66.

## Other websites

- Allmovie bio
- Disney Legends profile
- Profile on The Original Mickey Mouse Club Show website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kevin Corcoran
- **birth place**: Santa Monica, California, Santa Monica, California, U.S.
- **death place**: Burbank, California, Burbank, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Colorectal cancer
- **birthname**: Kevin Anthony Corcoran
- **othername**: "Moochie"
- **notable works**: Moochie, Toby Tyler
- **alma mater**: California State University, Northridge
- **occupation**: Child Actor/Producer/Director
- **years active**: 1954–2009
- **spouse**: Laura Soltwedel (1972–2015)
Old Yeller

***Old Yeller*** is a children's book by Fred Gipson. It was published in 1956. It is about a Texas family and their dog. The book was awarded a Newbery Honor in 1969. _Old Yeller_ was followed by two sequels _Savage Sam_ and _Little Arliss_. The book was made into a Walt Disney movie of the same name starring Kevin Corcoran, Fess Parker, Tommy Kirk, Dorothy McGuire, and Spike in 1958.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Old Yeller
- **author**: Fred Gipson
- **illustrator**: Carl Burger
- **country**: United States of America
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Children's novel
- **pub date**: 1956
- **media type**: Print
- **followed by**: Savage Sam
The Story of a Bad Boy

***The Story of a Bad Boy*** is a book by Thomas Bailey Aldrich.  It is based in part on his life as a boy in New Hampshire. The book is considered the first in the "bad boy" genre of literature. The story was first published in parts (serialization) in 1869 in the magazine _Our Young Folks_. It was published in book form in 1870.

## Other websites

- _The Story of a Bad Boy_ at Project Gutenberg
- _The Story of a Bad Boy_ at Internet Archive
- Aldrich House  at Strawbery Banke,

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: The Story of a Bad Boy
- **image**: Story of a Bad Boy title page.jpg
- **caption**: First edition title page
- **title orig**: The Story of a Bad Boy
- **author**: Thomas Bailey Aldrich
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Semi-autobiographical novel
- **publisher**: Fields, Osgood, & Co.
- **release date**: 1870
- **media type**: Print