juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Përmet District

The **District of Përmet** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Gjirokastër County. There are 22,029 people. The capital is Përmet.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Përmet
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Përmet District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Përmet District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **subdivision name1**: Gjirokastër County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Përmet
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Pogradec District

The **District of Pogradec** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Korçë County. There are 70,575 people.  The capital is Pogradec.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Pogradec
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Pogradec District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Pogradec District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **subdivision name1**: Korçë County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Pogradec
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Pukë District

The **District of Pukë** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Shkodër County. There are 24,323 people. The capital is Pukë.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Pukë
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Pukë District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Pukë District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Rrëshen
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Sarandë District

The **District of Sarandë** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is in Vlorë County. There are 48,474 people. The capital is the city of Sarandë.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Sarandë
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Sarandë District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Sarandë District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Sarandë
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Shkodër District

The **District of Shkodër** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Shkodër County. There are 185,646 people. The capital is Shkodër.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Shkodër
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Shkodër District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Shkodër District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Rrëshen
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Skrapar District

The **District of Skrapar** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Berat County. There are 10,200 people.  The capital is Çorovodë.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Skrapar
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Skrapar District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Skrapar District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Corovode
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Tepelenë District

The **District of Tepelenë** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Gjirokastër County. There are 23,800 people. The capital is Tepelenë.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Tepelenë
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Tepelenë District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Tepelenë District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Albania
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Rrëshen
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest

***Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest*** (which was earlier called ***Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve***) is a New Year's show that was originally hosted by Dick Clark until he had a stroke during 2004. It airs on ABC. It takes place in Times Square on December 31 of every year. It shows the yearly New Year's Eve ball drop. On December 31, 2004, Regis Philbin hosted the show because of Clark's stroke. The show has been hosted by Ryan Seacrest on New Year's Eve since December 31, 2005. Seacrest hosted with Clark until Clark's death in 2012.

Singer Rita Ora and Comedian Jeannie Mai have reported for this show from Los Angeles and Times Square, respectively.

## Show's history

In the December 31, 1999 show, it was called _ABC 2000 Today_ because 2000 would mark a new millennium. Peter Jennings hosted this show.
Tirana District

The **District of Tirana** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. It is part of Tirana County. There are 717,426 people living there. people. The capital is Tirana.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Tirana
- **native name**: Rrethi i Tiranës
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Albania_District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Tirana District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **subdivision name1**: Tirana County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Tirana
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 1238
- **population total**: 717,426
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Tropojë District

The **District of Tropojë** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Kukës County. There are 16,260 people. The capital is Bajram Curri.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Tropojë District
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Tropojë District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing the district within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Tropojë
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Vlorë District

The **District of Vlorë** is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania.  It is part of Vlorë County. There are 151,314 people. The capital is Vlorë.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: District of Vlorë
- **native name lang**: sq
- **settlement type**: Districts of Albania, District
- **image map**: Vlorë District.svg
- **map caption**: Map showing Vlorë District within Albania
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Albania, County
- **seat type**: Capital (political), Capital
- **seat**: Rrëshen
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population as of**: 2010
- **population density km2**: auto
Albanian Armed Forces

The **Albanian Armed Forces** were formed after the declaration of independence in 1912. There is the General Staff, the Albanian Army, the Albanian Air Force and the Albanian Naval Defense Forces.

The Albanian Army is helped by the United States, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, the United Kingdom, Greece, Turkey, Switzerland, Denmark and Belgium.

## History

Although there were earlier Albanian armies the modern forces were founded in 1912.

In 1928 it had 8.000 soldiers.

The army grew up to 511.000 soldiers during the communist era due to forced conscription.

There are 14,500 troops and 2,000 civilians, trained to NATO standards.
Mount Korab

**Mount Korab** is the highest mountain of North Macedonia and Albania.  Its peak is a border between the two countries.

Mount Korab is pictured in the Coat of arms of North Macedonia.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Mount Korab
- **photo**: Korab (detail).jpg
- **photo caption**: Mount Korab
- **elevation m**: 2764
- **prominence m**: 2169
- **map**: Albania
- **map caption**: Location on Albania/North Macedonia border
- **map size**: 240
- **label position**: right
- **listing**: List of countries by highest point, Country high point
Ultra prominent peak, Ultra
- **location**: Albania
North Macedonia
Albanian lek

The **lek** is the money used in Albania. For values higher than 1 it is called _lekë_.  100 qindarka make 1 lek but qindarka are not used any more.

The lek was formed in 1926 by King Zog and it is named after Alexander the Great.

## Other websites

- Banknotes of Albania
Principality of Arbër

The **Principality of Arbër**, also known as **Arbanon** or **Arbëria**, was the first Albanian state.  It existed during the Middle Ages. It was formed around 1190. The Principality ended in 1255.

## Infobox (former country)

- **conventional long name**: Principality of Arbër
- **common name**: Arbër
- **continent**: Europe
- **region**: Balkans
- **country**: Albania
- **era**: Medieval
- **status**: Empire
- **status text**: Principality
- **government type**: Principality
- **year start**: 1190
- **year end**: 1255
- **p1**: Byzantine Empire
- **flag p1**: Flag of PalaeologusEmperor.svg
- **s1**: Kingdom of Albania
- **flag s1**: Image-Blason Sicile Péninsulaire.svg
- **image map**: Map of the Principality of Arbanon.png
- **image map caption**: Principality of Arbër at its maximum extension
- **capital**: Kruja
- **common languages**: Albanian
- **religion**: Eastern Orthodox
- **leader1**: Progon of Kruja, Progon (first)
- **leader2**: Golem of Kruja, Golem (last)
- **year leader1**: fl. 1190-1198
- **year leader2**: fl. 1253-1255
- **title leader**: Prince (_archon_)
League of Lezhë

The **League of Lezhë** (2 March 1444 – 25 April 1479) was a group of Albanian principalities.  It was formed in Lezhë on 2 March 1444. It was the first time most of Albania was united. It was started by Skanderbeg to fight the Ottoman Armies.

## Infobox (former country)

- **conventional long name**: League of Lezhë
- **common name**: League of Lezhë
- **continent**: Europe
- **region**: Balkans
- **country**: Albania
- **era**: Middle Ages
- **status**: Confederation
- **status text**: Union of all Albanian Principalities
- **government type**: Principality
- **year start**: 1444
- **year end**: 1479
- **date start**: 2 March
- **date end**: 25 April
- **p1**: Muzakaj Principality of Berat
- **p2**: Principality of Kastrioti
- **flag p2**: Coat of arms of the House of Kastrioti.svg
- **p3**: Principality of Dukagjini
- **p4**: Princedom of Albania
- **flag p4**: Stema e Karl Topisë.png
- **p5**: State of Arianiti
- **s1**: Ottoman Albania
- **flag s1**: Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1844).svg
- **s2**: Republic of Venice
- **flag s2**: Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of the House of Kastrioti.svg
- **symbol**: Coat of arms of Albania
- **symbol type**: Coat of arms
- **capital**: Lezhë
- **common languages**: Albanian language, Albanian
- **religion**: Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholic,
Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox
- **leader1**: Skanderbeg
- **leader2**: Lekë Dukagjini
- **year leader1**: 1444–1468
- **year leader2**: 1468–1479
- **title leader**: List of Albanian monarchs, Monarch
- **legislature**: Assembly of Noblemen
- **area km2**: 73000
- **today**:
Yttrium(III) oxide

**Yttrium oxide** is Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It is an air-stable, white solid substance. Yttrium oxide is used as a common starting material for both materials science as well as inorganic compounds.

## Other websites

- Yttrium oxide information at Webelements.
- External MSDS Data Sheet .
Karen Allen

**Karen Allen** (born October 5, 1951 in Carrollton, Illinois) is a theatre and movie actress. Mainly a stage actress, she started by playing small parts in movies. She is best known as Marion Ravenwood in _Raiders of the Lost Ark_ (1981). Allen also costarred in the sequels _Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull_ (2008), and _Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny_ (2023).
Bullet to the Head

***Bullet to the Head*** is a 2012 action thriller movie. Sylvester Stallone and Christian Slater star. The earlier plays a hitman.

## Plot

In New Orleans, hitman Jimmy Bobo and his partner Louis Blanchard kill a corrupt former Washington, D.C. policeman, Hank Greely. Bobo leaves a prostitute, Lola, alive. Later, at a bar, Blanchard is murdered by a man named Keegan. The man also threatens to kill Bobo.

Bobo and Detective Taylor Kwon meet each other in a bar. Kwon informs Bobo he knows Bobo and Blanchard killed Greely. Bobo leaves, and Kwon tries to follow him. Kwon is attacked by corrupt cops who were ordered by a man named Robert Morel to prevent Kwon from further investigating about Greely. Bobo rescues Kwon and takes him to a tattoo parlor. There, Bobo's estranged daughter, Lisa, treats Kwon's wounds. They later go to a massage parlor, where Bobo interrogates a middleman named Ronnie Earl, the man who hired Bobo and Blanchard on Morel's behalf. Ronnie Earl tries to kill Bobo. Bobo then kills Ronnie Earl, though his gun jams.

Bobo and Kwon agree to work together. They kidnap Morel's lawyer Marcus Baptiste and take him to Bobo's house. Baptiste is forced to give them a USB flash drive, which details Morel's plans to acquire housing projects and demolish them. Baptiste reveals Keegan is an ex-mercenary hired to be Morel's enforcer. After that, Bobo shoots him in the head.

## Cast

- Sylvester Stallone as James "Jimmy Bobo" Bonomo
- Sung Kang as Detective Taylor Kwon
- Sarah Shahi as Lisa Bonomo
- Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje as Robert Nkomo Morel
- Christian Slater as Marcus Baptiste
- Jason Momoa as Keegan
- Jon Seda as Louis Blanchard
- Holt McCallany as Hank Greely
- Brian Van Holt as Ronnie Earl
- Weronika Rosati as Lola
- Dane Rhodes as Lieutenant Lebreton
- Marcus Lyle Brown as Detective Towne
- Douglas M. Griffin as Baby Jack

## Reception

Rotten Tomatoes gave _Bullet to the Head_ a 47% rating. Metacritic gave the movie a 48 score, meaning "mixed or average reviews". Jay Weissberg of _Variety_ magazine called it a "kickass actioner driven by personality rather than plot."

## Box office

_Bullet to the Head_ was Stallone's worst opening weekend box office in 32 years. The movie only took in almost $22 million, failing to bring back its $55 million budget.

## Awards

Stallone was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actor in this movie.
Respirator

A **respirator** is a kind of mask that is used to protect someone from breathing in dusts, fumes, or gases that might hurt them. Respirators come in many types and sizes. They are used by the military and industrial workers. They are also used by doctors in hospitals. To keep people safe, respirators keep air going _to_ the filter by sealing to the face. This is not like a surgical mask, which does not seal to the face. This then causes air to go _by_ the filter.

A **filtering facepice respirator** is a respirator that is not made of plastic or rubber. They last for a shorter time.

**Atmosphere-supplying respirators** are respirators that use a gas cylinder to hold breathable air. They are often used by firefighters.

A type of respirator is a N95. Another is called an SCBA.

## Beards

For men, some beards may up the amount of air that goes by the filter or respirator. To keep the face seal, NIOSH has a beard guide. This guide can be seen in the picture.

## Related pages

- Fume hood
- Gas mask
- N95
Small shelly fossils

**Small shelly fossils** (**SSF**), or **small shelly fauna**, are tiny fossils, many only a few millimetres long. They have a record from the latest stages of the Ediacaran to the early Cambrian period. Almost all are from earlier rocks than more familiar fossils such as trilobites. Most SSFs were preserved by being covered quickly with phosphate. This method of preservation is mainly limited to the later Ediacaran and early Cambrian periods, so the animals that made them may have arisen earlier and continued after this time.

Some of the fossils represent the entire skeletons of small organisms, including the mysterious _Cloudina_ and some snail-like molluscs. However, the bulk of the fossils are fragments or parts of larger organisms, including sponges, molluscs, slug-like halkieriids, brachiopods, echinoderms, and onychophoran-like organisms that may have been close to the ancestors of arthropods.

One of the early explanations for the appearance of the SSFs – and the evolution of mineralized skeletons – is a sudden increase in the ocean's concentration of calcium. However, many SSFs are made of other minerals, such as silica. The first SSFs appear around the same time as organisms first started burrowing to avoid predation, so it is likely that they represent early steps in an evolutionary arms race between predators and increasingly well-defended prey. Nevertheless, it is still true that the animals used minerals that were most easily accessible.

The small size and (usually) broken nature of SSFs makes them difficult to identify and classify. However, they provide evidence for how the main groups of marine invertebrates evolved, and for the pace and pattern of evolution in the Cambrian explosion. They include the earliest known representatives of some modern phyla, and they have the great advantage of presenting a nearly continuous record of early Cambrian organisms whose bodies include hard parts.
Bo Bice

**Harold Elwin "Bo" Bice, Jr** (born November 1, 1975) is an American singer. He was a runner-up on _American Idol_.

In 2003, Bice was arrested for possession of marijuana, drug paraphernalia and public intoxication. He avoided jail time by agreeing to enter a drug program.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **background**: solo_singer
- **name**: Bo Bice
- **image**: Bo Bice.jpg
- **caption**: Bo Bice at Walt Disney World.
- **birth name**: Harold Elwin Bice, Jr.
- **birth place**: Huntsville, Alabama, United States
- **website**: [http://www.bobice.com www.BoBice.com]
- **occupation**: Musician
- **years active**: 2005–present
- **instrument**: Acoustic guitar, electric guitar, lap steel guitar, mandolin, harmonica, piano, saxophone, Singing, vocals
- **genre**: Southern rock, hard rock,  country rock
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA, Sugarmoney, Saguaro Road/Lofton Creek
- **associated acts**: SugarMoney, Melinda Doolittle
Walter Pidgeon

**Walter Davis Pidgeon** (September 23, 1897 – September 25, 1984) was a Canadian actor. He was born in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. He starred in many movies, including _Forbidden Planet_. He died in Santa Monica, California on September 25, 1984, two days after his 87th birthday.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Walter Pidgeon
- **image**: Walter Pidgeon-publicity.JPG
- **office1**: President of the Screen Actors Guild
- **term start1**: 1952
- **term end1**: 1957
- **successor1**: Leon Ames (actor), Leon Ames
- **predecessor1**: Ronald Reagan
- **birth name**: Walter Davis Pidgeon
- **birth place**: Saint John, New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, Santa Monica, California, USA
- **occupation**: Actor
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**:
Albanians

The **Albanians** (Albanian: Shqiptarët) is a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and Kosovo, who speak Albanian language as their mother tongue. They also form a significant minority in North Macedonia.

Albanians share a common ancestry, culture and history, the majority of ethnic Albanians are Muslim while a significant minority of them profess other religions such as Bektashi, and Catholics and Orthodox Christianity. Their National Hero is Skanderbeg. In the Ottoman Empire, Albanian Men were mostly represented in high ranks, like Muhammad Ali Pasha or Ali Pasha and the Köprülü family.
The Albanian Dynasty House of Zogu, was founded by King Zog I of Albania.
Muslim Albanian boys get circumcised with a sünnet-ceremony, this was taken at the time of the Ottoman Empire

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Albanians
- **image**: Map of the Albanian Diaspora in the World.svg
- **native name lang**: sq
- **pop**: 7 to 10 million
- **popplace**: 2,551,006 (2021)
 1,797,856 (2021)
- **tablehdr**: Other regions
- **pop1**: 970,000
- **pop2**: 500,000–600,000
- **pop3**: 446,245
- **pop36**: 500,000–6,000,000
- **pop4**: 30,439
- **pop5**: 61,687
- **pop6**: 17,513
- **pop7**: 6,186
- **pop8**: 3,998
- **pop9**: 99
- **pop11**: 70,000–100,000
- **pop12**: 54,000
- **pop13**: 19,891
- **pop14**: 10,391
- **pop15**: 8,223
- **pop16**: 953–2,133
- **pop17**: 10,000
- **pop18**: 5,000
- **pop19**: 1,512
- **pop20**: 17 - 31
- **pop21**: 200,000–300,000
- **pop22**: 200,000
- **pop23**: 28,212
- **pop24**: 27,200 (2019)
- **pop25**: 12,969
- **pop26**: 5,600–30,000
- **pop27**: 2,155
- **pop28**: 194,028
- **pop29**: 50,000
- **pop30**: 39,055
- **pop31**: 348
- **pop32**: 101
- **pop33**: 9
- **pop34**: 11,315
- **pop35**: 243
- **pop37**: 18,000
- **pop38**: 1,200
- **pop39**: 275
- **pop40**: 268
- **pop41**: 200–300
- **languages**: Albanian language, Albanian
- **rels**: **Majority**:
 Islam
Sunni Islam, SunniBektashi Order, BektashiNon-denominational Muslim, Non-denominational
**Minority**:
 Christianity
Catholic Church, Catholicism ()Eastern Orthodoxy ()Protestantism ()
**Other**:
Irreligion
- **footnotes**: 502,546 Albanian citizens, an additional 43,751 Kosovo Albanians, 260,000 Arbëreshë people and 169,644 Albanians who have acquired the Italian citizenship

Albanians are not recognized as a minority in Turkey. However approximately 500,000 people are reported to profess an Albanian identity. Of those with full or partial Albanian ancestry and others who have adopted Turkification, Turkish language, culture and identity their number is estimated at 1,300,000–5,000,000 many whom do not speak Albanian.
 The estimation contains Kosovo Albanians.
Greeks in Albania

The **Greeks of Albania** are ethnic Greeks who live in Albania. They are mostly in the south of the country.

The Greek language can only be spoken in 'minority zones'.

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Northern Epirotes
Βορειοηπειρώτες
- **image**: <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
</div>
- **image caption**: <small>SpyromiliosKonstantinos ZappasGeorgios Christakis-ZografosPyrros Dimas
Northern Epirote Declaration of Independence</small>
- **population**: est. over 215,000
- **genealogy**: Greeks of southern Albania/Northern Epirus
- **popplace**: Albania, Greece, United States, Australia
- **region1**: Albania and Greece
- **pop1**: est. 200.000
- **region3**: United States of America
- **pop3**: over 15,000 (est. 1965)
- **rels**: Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity
- **langs**: Greek language, Greek, Himariote Greek dialect (in the Himarë region)
<small>also Albanian language, Albanian and English language, English depending on the residing place</small>
Treaty of London (1913)

The **Treaty of London** was a treaty that was signed on 30 May 1913 and moved borders of countries after the First Balkan War. The Balkan League, made up of Serbia, Greece, Bulgaria, and Montenegro, won the war from the Ottoman Empire.

One important border to decide was Albania, which had declared its independence on 28 November 1912. All of the Ottoman Empire except Albania was given to the Balkan League.

Because not everyone was happy with the Treaty of London, the Second Balkan War started on June 13. Peace came after the Treaty of Bucharest was signed on 12 August 1913. It caused tension between what became the Allied Powers and the Central Powers and helped start World War I.
Kingdom of Bulgaria

The **Tsardom of Bulgaria** (), also called the **Third Bulgarian Tsardom** (), sometimes translated in English as **Kingdom of Bulgaria** (), was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe. It was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908, when the Bulgarian state became a Tsardom.

## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**:

- **year leader3**: 1943–1946
- **legislature**: National Assembly of Bulgaria, National Assembly
- **year deputy2**: 1944–1946 <small>(last)</small>
- **deputy2**: Kimon Georgiev
- **year deputy1**: 1908–1911 <small>(first)</small>
- **title deputy**: List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria, Chairman of the Council of Ministers
- **leader3**: Simeon II of Bulgaria, Simeon II
- **year leader2**: 1918–1943
- **leader2**: Boris III of Bulgaria, Boris III
- **year leader1**: 1908–1918
- **leader1**: Ferdinand of Bulgaria, Ferdinand
- **title leader**: List of Bulgarian monarchs, Tsar (King)
- **religion**: Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity (state religion, established religion)
- **stat year1**: 1915
- **stat area1**: 122134
- **stat pop1**: 4,580,000
- **currency**: Bulgarian lev, lev
- **capital**: Sofia
- **largest city**: capital
- **official languages**: Bulgarian language, Bulgarian
- **conventional long name**: Tsardom of Bulgaria
- **event1**: Balkan Wars
- **date event1**: 1912–1913
- **event2**: Treaty of Bucharest (1913), Treaty of Bucharest
- **date event2**: 10 August 1913
- **event3**: Bulgaria in World War I, World War I
- **date event3**: 1915–1918
- **event4**: Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, Treaty of Neuilly
- **date event4**: 27 November 1919
- **event5**: 1923 Bulgarian coup d'état, Coup d'état
- **date event5**: 9 June 1923
- **event6**: 1934 Bulgarian coup d'état, Coup d'état
- **date event6**: 19 May 1934
- **event7**: Boris III of Bulgaria#Early reign, Counter-coup by Boris III
- **date event7**: 1935
- **event8**: Treaty of Craiova
- **date event8**: 7 September 1940
- **event9**: Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944, Coup d'état
- **date event9**: 9 September 1944
- **date start**: 5 October
- **year start**: 1908
- **event end**: 1946 Bulgarian republic referendum, Monarchy abolished
- **royal anthem**: Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar, Химн на Негово Величество Царя
_Himn na Negovo Velichestvo Tsarya_

- **image coat**: State Achievement of Bulgaria 1908-1946.svg
- **national anthem**: Shumi Maritsa, Шуми Марица
_Shumi Maritsa_ (1886-1944)

- **national motto**: Unity makes strength, Съединението прави силата
_Saedinenieto pravi silata_

- **image map caption**: The Kingdom of Bulgaria in 1914, on the eve of World War I
- **image map**: Kingdom of Bulgaria (1942).svg
- **map caption**: Bulgaria in 1942
- **symbol type**: Coat of arms
(1927–1946)
- **symbol**: Coat of arms of Bulgaria
- **flag type**: Flag of Bulgaria, Flag
- **image flag**: Flag of Bulgaria.svg
- **flag s1**: Flag of Bulgaria.svg
- **s1**: People's Republic of Bulgaria
- **flag s2**: Flag of Yugoslavia (1918–1941).svg
- **s2**: Kingdom of Yugoslavia
- **flag p1**: Flag of Bulgaria.svg
- **p1**: Principality of Bulgaria
- **life span**: 1908–1946
Loretta Young

**Loretta Young** (born **Gretchen Young**, January 6, 1913 - August 12, 2000) was an American actress. Young was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, and moved to Hollywood, Los Angeles, California when she was three. Her sisters were actresses Polly Ann Young (1908-1997) and Sally Blane (1910-1997).

Young won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in _The Farmer's Daughter_. She won three Emmy Awards in the 1950s and a Golden Globe Award in 1986.

She was a devout Roman Catholic. She died of ovarian cancer in Los Angeles.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Loretta Young
- **image**: Loretta young studio portrait.jpg
- **birth name**: Gretchen Young
- **birth place**: Salt Lake City, Utah, US
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, US
- **resting place**: Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, Holy Cross Cemetery
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1917–2000
- **spouse**: Grant Withers
<small>(m.1930–1931; annulled)</small>
Tom Lewis
<small>(m.1940–1969; divorced)</small>
Jean Louis
<small>(m.1993–1997; his death)</small>
- **children**: Judy Lewis, Judith Young (w/Gable) (1935–2011)
Christopher Lewis (b. 1944)
Peter Lewis (musician), Peter Lewis (b. 1945)
Constitution of Albania

The **Constitution of Albania** started on 28 November 1998. It made Albania a parliamentary republic.  The constitution makes 140 deputies who elect the President of Albania and the Council of Ministers.  The Council is the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister.

## Related pages

- Constitution
- Constitutionalism
- Constitutional economics
President of Albania

The **president of Albania**  (), officially styled **President of the Republic of Albania** () is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the military and the representative of the unity of the Albanian people.

The president has the power to set the date of the elections for the Parliament as well as referendum, grants pardons and awards.

## List of presidents (1925–present)

|No.|Portrait|Name|colspan=2|Term in office|Nominated by|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="8" bgcolor="#dfdde0" align=center|**Albanian Republic (1925–1928)**|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Ahmet Zogu**|1 February 1925|1 September 1928|rowspan="2"|Conservative Party|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|colspan="8" bgcolor="#dfdde0" align=center|**Republic of Albania (1991–present)**|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Ramiz Alia**|30 April 1991|3 April 1992|rowspan="2"|Party of Labour|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Sali Berisha**|9 April 1992|24 July 1997|rowspan="2"|Democratic Party|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Rexhep Meidani**|24 July 1997|24 July 2002|rowspan="2"|Socialist Party|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Alfred Moisiu**|24 July 2002|24 July 2007|rowspan="2"|Independent|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Bamir Topi**|24 July 2007|24 July 2012|rowspan="2"|Democratic Party|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Bujar Nishani**|24 July 2012|24 July 2017|rowspan="2"|Democratic Party|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|**Ilir Meta**|24 July 2017|24 July 2022|rowspan="2"|Socialist Movement for Integration|
|colspan="2"|__|||||||
|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|***Bajram Begaj*** __|24 July 2022|_Incumbent_|rowspan="2"|Independent|
|colspan="2"||||||||

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: President
- **body**: the
Republic of Albania
- **native name**: <small>Presidenti i Republikës së Shqipërisë</small>
- **insignia**: Seal_of_the_President_of_Albania.svg
- **insigniasize**: 110
- **insigniacaption**: Presidential Seal
- **image**: Sergio Mattarella con Bajram Begaj in visita ufficiale in Italia - Quirinale 26 maggio 2023 - 15 (BB cropped).jpg
- **incumbent**: Bajram Begaj
- **incumbentsince**: 24 July 2022
- **style**: President (government title), President
 Excellency, His Excellency
- **appointer**: Parliament of Albania, Parliament
- **residence**: Presidential Palace, Tirana, Pallati Presidencial
- **seat**: Tirana
- **termlength**: Five years
- **termlength qualified**: Renewable once
- **formation**: 30 April 1991
- **inaugural**: Ramiz Alia
- **salary**: 1,425 EUR per month
- **website**: [http://president.al/ www.president.al]
Prime Minister of Albania

The **prime minister of Albania**  (), officially styled **Prime Minister of the Republic of Albania** (), is the head of government of the Republic of Albania and as well the most powerful and influential person in Albanian politics.

The prime minister holds the executive power of the nation and represents the Council of Ministers and chairs its meetings.

The prime minister is appointed by the President of Albania.

The 33rd and current officeholder is Edi Rama, who started his first four-year-term on 15 September 2013.

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Prime Minister
- **body**: Albania
- **flag**: Kryeministri i Shqipërisë.svg
- **flagsize**: 150px
- **flagcaption**:
 Emblem of the Prime Minister
- **image**: Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama signs the guest book, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C. (February 5, 2020 - cropped).jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **incumbent**: Edi Rama
- **incumbentsince**: 13 September 2013
- **appointer**: President of Albania, President
- **residence**: Prime Minister's Office (Albania), Kryeministria
- **formation**: 29 November 1912
- **inaugural**: Ismail Qemali
- **website**: [http://www.kryeministria.al/ Official Page]
Napa, California

**Napa** is a city in the U.S. state of California.  It is the county seat of Napa County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: List of municipalities in California, City
- **name**: Napa, California
- **image map**: Napa County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Napa Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in Napa County, California, Napa County and the state of California
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: California
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name2**: Napa County, California, Napa
- **established title**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date**: March 23, 1872
- **total type**: City
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total sq mi**: 18.35
- **area land sq mi**: 18.05
- **area water sq mi**: 0.31
- **area total km2**: 47.53
- **area land km2**: 46.74
- **area water km2**: 0.79
- **area water percent**: 1.67
- **elevation ft**: 20
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 79246
- **population density sq mi**: 4348
- **population density km2**: 1679
- **population metro**: 138019
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone, Pacific (PST)
- **utc offset**: -8
- **timezone dst**: PDT
- **utc offset dst**: -7
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 94558, 94559, 94581
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **area code**: Area code 707, 707
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature IDs
- **blank1 info**: ,
Disney Parks, Experiences and Products

**Disney Parks, Experiences and Products** (formerly **Walt Disney Parks and Resorts**) is part of Disney Studios Corporation.

The best well-known when, Disney sold their 50% of Disneyland and Walt Disney World, Disney Consumer Products began licensing the characters of Disney such as Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, Pluto, Winnie the Pooh, Tigger, Snow White, Cinderella, Sheriff Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and Darth Vader among others for use in the parks.

## Disney resorts

- Disneyland Resort
- Walt Disney World Resort
- Tokyo Disney Resort
- Disneyland Paris
- Hong Kong Disneyland Resort
- Shanghai Disney Resort

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Disney Parks, Experiences and Products
- **logo**: Disney parks, experiences & products logo.svg
- **logo caption**: Corporate logo for the subsidiary
- **image**: Disney Parks.svg
- **image caption**: Disney Parks brand logo
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **location city**: Lake Buena Vista, Florida
Glendale, California
- **location country**: U.S.
- **key people**: Josh D'Amaro (Chairman)
- **products**: Books, Games, Clothing
- **services**: Theme parks, hotel, hotel lodging, cruise ship, cruises, timeshares, guided tours, travel packages, attraction design, licensing
- **parent**: The Walt Disney Company
Madeleine Astor

**Madeleine Astor** (19 June 1893 – 27 March 1940) was an American socialite, who survived the sinking of the RMS Titanic. She was married to John Jacob Astor IV. Madeleine died on March 27, 1940. She died from heart failure, but some rumors say she overdosed on drugs.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Madeleine Astor
- **image**: Madeleine Astor 2.jpg
- **birth name**: Madeleine Talmage Force
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York
- **death place**: Palm Beach, Florida
- **spouse**: John Jacob Astor IV
(m. 1911–1912)
William Karl Dick
(m. 1916–1933)
Enzo Fiermonte
 (m. 1933–1938)
- **children**: John Jacob Astor VI
 William Karl Dick, Jr.
 John Henry Dick
- **known for**: Surviving the sinking of the RMS Titanic
Civil Rights Act of 1964

## Infobox (u.s. legislation)

- **name**: Civil Rights Act of 1964
- **fullname**: An Act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States of America to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes.
- **enacted by**: 88th
- **public law url**: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-78/pdf/STATUTE-78-Pg241.pdf
- **cite public law**: 88-352
- **title amended**: Title 42 of the United States Code, Title 42: Public Health and Welfare
- **introducedin**: United States House of Representatives, House
- **introducedbill**: H.R. 7152
- **introducedby**: Emanuel Celler (Democratic Party (United States), D–New York (state), NY)
- **introduceddate**: June 20, 1963
- **committees**: United States House Committee on the Judiciary, Judiciary
- **passedbody1**: United States House of Representatives, House
- **passeddate1**: February 10, 1964
- **passedvote1**: 290–130
- **passedbody2**: United States Senate, Senate
- **passeddate2**: June 19, 1964
- **passedvote2**: 73–27
- **agreedbody3**: United States House of Representatives, House
- **agreeddate3**: July 2, 1964
- **agreedvote3**: 289–126
- **signedpresident**: Lyndon B. Johnson
- **signeddate**: July 2, 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965

The **Voting Rights Act of 1965** is a law of the United States. It made it easier for African-Americans and non-English speaking citizens to vote. In some parts of the United States, people were forced to pay a poll tax or take a literacy test before being allowed to vote. This process kept many African-Americans from voting. The Voting Rights Act made all of those practices illegal.
Bok choy

**Bok choy** (also known as pak choi, boc choy, and pok choi) is classified as a Chinese cabbage.  It is part of the cabbage family and does not have the same stringiness. The dark green, crinkly leaves of the most common type are like Romaine lettuce.

## History

The Chinese, who have been cultivating the plant for more than 5000 years,  commonly refer to bok choy as pak choi or "white vegetable." Another common name is white cabbage.

## Infobox (cultivar)

- **name**: Bok choy
- **image**: Bok Choy.JPG
- **image width**: 250px
- **image caption**: _Brassica rapa chinensis_, called "bok choy" in the United States
- **species**: _Brassica rapa_
- **group**: Chinensis, Pekinensis groups
- **origin**: China, before the 15th Century
Amadora

**Amadora** () is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The city and municipality has 175,872 people in eleven _freguesias_ (parishes). It has an area of 23.77 square kilometres. It is the most densely populated municipality of Portugal.

It is a suburb of Lisbon, and both cities share the same subway, bus and train network. It is  a residential city, and the landscape includes apartments, parks and industrial areas. Amadora also has immigrants from Angola, Cape Verde and Brazil.

Each year, Amadora organizes the Amadora International Comics Festival.

## Parishes

- Alfornelos
- Alfragide
- Brandoa
- Buraca
- Damaia
- Falagueira
- Mina
- Reboleira
- São Brás
- Venda Nova
- Venteira

## Other websites

- Câmara Municipal da Amadora - official municipal Web site
- Amadora International Comics Festival  - official festival Web site
- Latest photos and urban developments of Amadora.

## Infobox (portuguese subdivision)

- **type**: municipality
- **official name**: Amadora
- **image flag**: Pt-amd1.png
- **flag border**: no
- **image shield**: Cidade_da_Amadora.png
- **image location**: LocalAmadora.svg
- **region**: Lisboa Region, Lisbon
- **metro**: Lisbon metropolitan area, Lisbon
- **district**: Lisbon District, Lisbon
- **parishes**: 6
- **leader name**: Carla Tavares
- **leader party**: Socialist Party (Portugal), PS
- **area total**: 23.78
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population total**: 171,719
- **website**: http://www.cm-amadora.pt
Magica

**Magica** is a Romanian power metal band.

### Current members

- Ana Mladinovici - Vocals
- Bogdan "Bat" Costea - Guitar
- Tibi Dutu - Bass
- Emy - guitar
- Sebastian Natas - drums

### Former Members

- Valentin "ÎngerAlb" Zechiu (2002–2008) _E-Bass_
- Cristi "Beavis" Bârlă (2003–2008) _Drums_
- Sorin Vlad (2007–2008) _E-bass_
- Bogdan Avrigeanu (2008-2011) - Bass
- 6fingers - keyboards

### Studio albums

- _The Scroll of Stone_  (2002)
- _Lightseeker_  (2004)
- _Hereafter_  (2007)
- _Wolves and Witches_  (2008)
- _Dark Diary_  (2010)
- _Center of the Great Unknown_ (2012)

### VHS

- _Live in Paris_ (2005)

## Other websites

- Magica at Rockdetector
- Magica  at AFM Records
- Magica at Encyclopaedia Metallum

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Magica
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Constanţa, Romania
- **genre**: Power metal
Symphonic metal
Gothic metal
- **years active**: 2002-present
- **label**: Sigma Records
Bestial Records
Underclass-music France
AFM Records
- **associated acts**: Interitus Dei
Web
Phonopia
Fortuneteller
- **website**: [http://www.metalmagica.ro www.metalmagica.ro]
- **current members**: Ana Mladinovici
Bogdan "Bat" Costea
Tibi Dutu
Emy
Sebastian Natas
- **past members**: 6 fingers
Valentin "ÎngerAlb" Zechiu
Cristi "Beavis" Bârlă
Sorin Vlad
Symphonic metal

**Symphonic metal** is a genre that combines heavy metal with symphonic music.

## Notable bands

- Nightwish
- Within Temptation

## Infobox (music genre)

- **name**: Symphonic metal
- **color**: crimson
- **bgcolor**: white
- **stylistic origins**: New Wave of British Heavy Metal, NWOBHM, symphonic rock, progressive metal, neo-classical metal, gothic metal, power metal, baroque rock, classical music.
- **cultural origins**: mid-late 1990s, Continental Europe (mainly Scandinavia and the Netherlands)
<small>(this regards symphonic metal proper; for symphonic variations on other styles of metal, especially extreme metal, the cultural origins are in late 1980s-early to mid 1990s in Switzerland and Scandinavia)</small>
- **instruments**: Singer, Vocals − Electric guitar, Guitar - Bass guitar, Bass - Keyboard instrument#Electrophones, Keyboards - Piano - Drum kit, Drums - Violin - other acoustic and electronic instruments - occasionally backing choirs
- **popularity**: Almost mainstream in parts of Europe, moderately large cult following elsewhere.
- **fusiongenres**: #Symphonic power metal, Symphonic power metal
Gothic metal, Symphonic gothic metal
Symphonic black metal
Cello rock, Cello metal
Lucien Petipa

**Joseph Lucien Petipa** (22 December 1815  7 July 1898) was a French ballet dancer and choreographer. He was born in Marseille, France to choreographer and dancer Jean Petipa. He was the brother of Ballet Master of the Russian Imperial Ballet, Marius Petipa. Lucien made his Paris debut on 10 June 1840 in _La Sylphide_ with Fanny Elssler. He partnered Carlotta Grisi in the first _Giselle_, the first _Paquita_, and many other ballets of the 1840s. He choreographed his first full-length ballet, _Sacountala_, in 1858. He choreographed a few other ballets, but devoted himself mostly to developing dancers. Between 186068, he was Ballet Master at the Paris Opéra Ballet, and later Professor of Mime at the Conservatory. In 1882, he produced his most popular and most successful ballet _Namouna_. He died in Versailles.

## Notes

- Beaumont, Cyril W. (1996). _A Ballet Called Giselle_. Dance Books. pp. 75–7 .
Bob Brown

**Robert James Brown**, also known as **Bob** (born 27 December, 1944), is a former Australian Greens Senator and former Parliamentary leader of the Australian Greens. He was the first openly gay member of the Parliament of Australia and the first openly gay leader of a political party in Australia. Prior to that, he served as a member for Denison in the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1983 to 1993 and Leader of the Tasmanian Greens from their foundation in 1992 to 1993. On 13 April, 2012, Brown resigned as Greens leader and was succeeded by his deputy Christine Milne and indicated his intention to resign from the Senate in June. In May 2012 the replacement was selected and has been named as Peter Whish-Wilson who is an economist and winemaker who has previously stood for the greens and assumed office on 21 June 2012 and Senator Brown resigned on 15 June 2012.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dr. Bob Brown
- **image**: Brown, Bob (2007) crop.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **office**: Australian Senate, Senator for Tasmania
- **term start**: 1 July 1996
- **term end**: 15 June 2012
- **successor**: Peter Whish-Wilson
- **constituency**: Tasmania
- **order2**: 1st
- **office2**: Australian GreensLeader of the Australian Greens
- **term start2**: 28 November 2005
- **term end2**: 13 April 2012
- **deputy2**: Christine Milne
- **predecessor2**: _new office_
- **successor2**: Christine Milne
- **birth date**: 27 December 1944
- **birth place**: Oberon, New South Wales, Australia
- **party**: Australian Greens (1996-present)
- **otherparty**: Tasmanian Greens (1992-1993)
- **partner**: Paul Thomas
- **occupation**: Politician
- **profession**: Doctor
Basketball court

A **basketball court** is a place on which people play basketball. They are found within sports buildings and outside, and usually in front of people watching.

Basketball courts can be different sizes. A National Basketball Association court is .
Archaeometallurgy

**Archaeometallurgy** is a kind of archaeology. It is the study of metals in the past, specifically the content, production, and use of metals.

## Methods

Archaeometallurgy research is the analysis and comparison of the chemical composition of samples.