Yuan dynasty

The **Yuan dynasty** was a Mongol dynasty that ruled Mongolia and China from 1271 to 1368. Before this dynasty, China was ruled by the Song dynasty. After the Yuan dynasty, the Ming dynasty ruled China. Genghis Khan and his army of Mongols conquered many parts of China. His grandson Kublai Khan added more parts of China to his kingdom. He founded the Yuan dynasty in 1271.

In the year of 1206, Genghis Khan ruled the Mobi tribes (a part of a country)  to establish the Mongol country at the Onon River. Jin was the main race in Mongolia, but Jin and Xia were in decline, Mongolia had attacked the Western Xia and Jin in August 1227, and Jin lost, so Mongolia occupied the whole north of China in March 1234.

In 1259, Möngke Khan died after the Song Yuan dynasty war. His brothers all wanted to be king. His fourth brother, Kublai, and his seventh brother, Ali Khan, fought to rule the Mobi tribes. And finally in 1264, Kublai won. Kublai made the name "DaYuan" in 1271 and proclaimed the Yuan Dynasty and said its founder was his grandfather Genghis. In 1276, Yuan ruled southern of Song, so yuan ruled the whole China in this year. In 1279, the Kublai subdued southern Song dynasty. The Yuan dynasty ruled China and brought different parts of China together that had been split since the late Tang dynasty. They were the first foreign dynasty to rule just about all of China.

For centuries, most of what the West knew about China came from the book by Marco Polo about his visit to Kublai's empire. The Yuan dynasty  ended in 1368 when the Ming dynasty took control.

## Related pages

- History of China

## Infobox (former country)

- **native name**: 大元

- **conventional long name**: Great Yuan
- **common name**: Yüan dynasty
- **region**: Eastern Asia
- **era**: Postclassical Era
- **status**: Khagan-ruled division of the Mongol Empire, division of the Mongol Empire
Conquest dynasty in China
- **empire**: Mongol Empire
- **government type**: Monarchy
- **year start**: 1271
- **year end**: 1368
- **event start**: Formal proclamation of the Yuan dynasty
- **date start**: 5 November
- **event end**: Fall of Khanbaliq
- **date end**: 14 September
- **event pre**: Genghis Khan founds Mongol Empire
- **date pre**: Spring, 1206
- **event1**: Battle of Xiangyang
- **date event1**: 1268–1273
- **event2**: Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty, Conquest of Southern Song
- **date event2**: 4 February 1276
- **event3**: Battle of Yamen
- **date event3**: 19 March 1279
- **event4**: Red Turban Rebellion
- **date event4**: 1351–1368
- **event post**: Formation of Northern Yuan dynasty
- **date post**: 1368–1388
- **p1**: Mongol Empire
- **p2**: Song dynasty
- **s1**: Northern Yuan dynasty
- **s2**: Ming dynasty
- **image map**: Yuan ch.png
- **image map caption**: Yuan dynasty circa 1294
<small>The situation of Goryeo was disputed</small>
- **image map2**: Yuan Provinces.png
- **image map2 caption**: Provinces of Yuan in 1330
- **capital**: Khanbaliq (Beijing)
- **common languages**: Mongolian language, Mongolian
Chinese language, Chinese
- **religion**: Buddhism (Tibetan Buddhism as _de facto_ state religion), Heaven worship, Shamanism, Taoism, Confucianism, Chinese folk religion, Church of the East in China, Chinese Nestorian Christianity, Catholic Church in China, Roman Catholic Christianity, History of the Jews in China, Judaism, Chinese Manichaeism, Islam, Legalism (Chinese philosophy), Legalism
- **currency**: Predominantly Banknote, Paper Currency (Chao (currency), Chao), with a small amount of Cash (Chinese coin), Chinese cash in use
- **leader1**: Kublai Khan
- **leader2**: Toghon Temür
- **year leader1**: 1260–1294
- **year leader2**: 1333–1368
- **title leader**: List of emperors of the Yuan dynasty, Emperor
- **stat year1**: 1290
- **stat pop1**: 77000000
- **title deputy**: Chancellor of China, Chancellor
- **stat year2**: 1293
- **stat pop2**: 79816000
- **stat year3**: 1310
- **stat area3**: 11000000
- **stat year4**: 1330
- **stat pop4**: 83873000
- **stat year5**: 1350
- **stat pop5**: 87147000