juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rudolf Szanwald

**Rudolf  Szanwald** (  6 July 1931 - 2 January 2013 ) was an Austrian football player. The goalkeeper participated in the 1958 World Cup in Sweden with the Austrian national team. He won two championships with Wiener Sport-Club and Austria Wien.

## Career

Rudi Szanwald joined Wiener Sport-Club in 1946 at the age of fourteen. He made his first appearance in the Staatsliga A in 1951/52. Soon  he became regular goalkeeper. In  1958 and 1959 he won the championship twice with Wiener Sport-Club . In the Europacup he reached the quarter-finals with the team. Notable was the 7-0 home victory in the European Cup against Italian champions Juventus on 1 October  1958.

After remaining loyal to Wiener Sport-Club for exactly twenty years as a player, the goalkeeper moved to SK Austria Klagenfurt in 1966 to end his career. Rudi Szanwald continued to deliver his usual strong performances and was therefore recruited by Austria Vienna in 1967. Szanwald won again two Austrian championships in 1969 and 1970.

## International

Due to strong competition from Kurt Schmied and later Gernot Fraydl, he only played 12 games for the national team. His first match was on 16 October 1955 versus Hungary. His last one was also versus Hungary on 5 September 1965.

## International statistics

|National team|Year|Apps|Goals||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="6"|Austria|1955|1|0|
|1958|3|0|||
|1960|1|0|||
|1962|3|0|||
|1964|1|0|||
|1965|3|0|||

## Manager

1970 he was hired as assistant coach at his former club, FK Austria Wien. He was dismissed that same year. At the beginning of 1976, he began coaching 1. Wiener Neustädter SC. However, he left the club at the end of the season. Shortly after the start of the 1990 season, he began working as goalkeeping coach at Wiener Austria Wien. He stayed until the end of the 1993 season.

## Honours

- 4 × Austrian Champion 1958, 1959, 1969, 1970
- Participation in the 1958 FIFA World Cup: Group stage (best 16)
- 12 international matches for Austria from 1955 to 1965

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Rudolf Szanwald
- **image**: Österrike 1958.jpg
- **caption**: Rudolf Szanwald 1.row middle
- **birth place**: Vienna, Austria
- **death place**: Vienna, Austria
- **height**: 185 cm
- **position**: Goalkeeper
- **years1**: 1946–1966
- **clubs1**: Wiener Sport-Club
- **years2**: 1966-1967
- **clubs2**: SK Austria Klagenfurt (2007), SK Austria Klagenfurt
- **years3**: 1967-1970
- **clubs3**: FK Austria Wien
- **nationalyears1**: 1955–1965
- **nationalteam1**: Austria national football team, Austria
- **nationalcaps1**: 12
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1970
- **managerclubs1**: FK Austria Wien assistance coach
- **manageryears2**: 1971
- **managerclubs2**: SC Wiener Neustadt, 1. Wiener Neustädter SC
- **manageryears3**: 1990-1993
- **managerclubs3**: FK Austria Wien  goalkeeper coach
Islam Shah Suri

**Islam Shah Suri** (born **Jalal Khan**; 1507 – 22 November 1554) also known as **Salim Shah Suri**, was King of Hindustan from 27 May 1545 until his death in 1554. He was the second ruler of the Sur Empire which ruled parts of India in the mid-16th century. He was the second son of Sher Shah Suri.

## History

After his father died, an emergency meeting of nobles chose Jalal Khan to be King instead of his elder brother Adil Khan, because they though he was better at being a military man. Jalal Khan was crowned Sultan (King) on 26 May 1545 and took the name "Islam Shah". He was still worried that his brother would threaten his power and tried to have him captured. But Adil Khan escaped and raised an army, while Islam Shah Suri was at Agra the rebel army arrived. In the battle Islam Shah won and Adil Khan fled east, never to be seen again.

Because some nobles had supported his brother - Islam Shah became suspicious, he became tough on the nobles forcing them to obey him. He continued his father's policies of running the empire efficiently but wasn't able to expand the empire. The Mughal emperor Humayun, who was forced out of power by Islam Shah's father, tried to get back in power but Islam Shah defeated him.

## Death

Islam Shah died on 22 November 1554. He was succeeded by his son Firuz Shah Suri, who was only twelve. But within a few days the boy ruler had been murdered by Sher Shah's nephew Muhammad Mubariz Khan. The unfinished tomb of Islam Shah lies about a kilometre to the north-west of Sher Shah Suri's tomb.

## Other websites

- Islam Shah Sur, the forerunner of Akbar in reforms and policies

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Islam Shah Suri
- **image**: Islam Shah Suri.jpg
- **caption**: Miniature of Islam Shah Suri
- **reign**: 27 May 1545 – 22 November 1554
- **coronation**: 27 May 1545
- **predecessor**: Sher Shah Suri
- **successor**: Firuz Shah Suri
- **birth name**: Jalal Khan
- **birth date**: 1507
- **birth place**: Delhi, Delhi Sultanate (present day India)
- **death date**: 22 November 1554 (aged 46–47)
- **issue**: Firuz Shah Suri
- **house**: Sur (tribe), Sur
- **spouse**: Bibi Bai
- **father**: Sher Shah Suri
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
- **dynasty**: Sur Empire
Library of Ashurbanipal

The **Library of Ashurbanipal** is a royal collection of over 30,000 pieces of text from the 7th century BCE. Ashurbanipal is considered the last great king of the Sargonid dynasty of Assyria. At the library, various texts in different languages could be found, including, for example, a cuneiform tablet of the Great Flood as told in the Epic of Gilgamesh. The remains were uncovered at the archaeological site at Kouyunjik Mound in Mosul, Iraq; once known as Nineveh, the capital of Assyria.
The Bjorck Family

***The Bjorck Family*** (Swedish: ***Familjen Björck***) is a 1940 Swedish comedy movie directed by Anders Henrikson. It stars Olof Winnerstrand, Frida Winnerstrand, Birgitta Arman, Margit Manstad, Gull Natrop, Carin Swensson and Anna-Lisa Baude.
Demechi

**Demechi** (Ukrainian: _Демечі_; Hungarian: _Dimicső_; Rusyn: _Демичі_) is a village in the Uzhhorodskyi Raion in the Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. Demechi is 3 km south-southeast of Uzhhorod.

## History

The village was set up by the Czechoslovak government after the Treaty of Trianon to reduce the local Hungarian population. They discovered a spring with healing water near the village, where they built a bath.

From 1938 to 1944, it was part of Hungary again. In 1945, the village became part of the Soviet Union. Since 1991, it has been part of Ukraine.

After 1991, the spa went out of business.

## Population

According to the 2001 census, 399 people lived in Demechi.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Demechi
- **native name**:  Демечі
- **native name lang**: uk
- **other name**:  Dimicső
- **settlement type**: Village
- **population total**: 399
- **population density km2**: auto
- **area code**: +380 0312
- **postal code**: 89464
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**:  Ukraine
- **subdivision type1**: Oblast
- **subdivision type2**: Raion
- **subdivision name1**:  Zakarpattia Oblast
- **subdivision name2**:  Uzhhorodskyi Raion
Firuz Shah Suri

**Firuz Shah Suri** (4 May 1542 – December 1554) was King of Hindustan from 22 November 1554 until his assassination in 1554. He was the son of Islam Shah Suri and when Islam Shah Suri died in 1554 Firuz Shah Suri became Sultan (King).

When Firuz Shah became Sultan in November 1554 however he was assassinated within days of his coronation by one of his cousins (his father's nephew) Muhammad Mubariz Khan. When Muhammad Mubariz Khan took power he became known as Muhammad Shah Adil Suri.

## Related pages

- History of India
- Sur Empire

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Firuz Shah Suri
- **reign**: 22–25 November 1554
- **predecessor**: Islam Shah Suri
- **successor**: Muhammad Shah Adil
- **house**: Sur (tribe), Sur
- **father**: Islam Shah Suri
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
- **dynasty**: Sur Empire
- **birth date**: 4 May 1542
Minervarya andamanensis

The **Andaman frog**, **Andaman wart frog**, **Andaman rain-pool frog**, **Andamanese Mintervaryan frog**, **Andamanese cricket frog**, or **chestnut brown frog** (_Minervarya andamanensis_) is a species of frog. It lives in Thailand and in India on the Andaman Islands and the Bay of Bengal.

## Home

This frog lives in grassy places, mangrove forests, forests that have never been cut down, and forests that are growing back. People also see it in rice farms. Scientists saw this frog as high as 400 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog in two protected parks: Mount Harriet National Park, which is on South Andaman Island, and Rani Jhansi Marine National Park, which is in Ritchie's Archipelago, a group of islands.

## Young

This frog lays eggs after monsoon rains. They lay eggs in pools of water that dry up later.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. Human beings sometimes hit this frog on roads. Scientists found the dangerous fungus _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_ on the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands, so they think the disease chytridiomycosis could kill this frog.
Muhammad Shah Adil

**Muhammad Adil Shah** (Muhammad Mubariz Khan; died 1557) was Sultan of the Sur Empire from December 1554 until his defeat in January 1555. He was the last Suri ruler of the united empire, after which the empire fell into civil war.

## Early life

He was the son of Nizam Khan, the younger brother of the Sultan Sher Shah Suri. Adil's sister, Bibi Bai, was married to Islam Shah Suri. His real name was Muhammad Mubariz Khan.

## Rule

Muhammad Mubariz Khan came to power after killing his twelve year old cousin Firuz Shah Suri in 1554, when the came to power he changed his name to Muhammad Adil Shah.

He came to power as the last Sultan of the united empire. He made Hemu his Wazir.

Shah Adil tried to get the nobles and the army on his side by giving them large sums of money and titles but because he had killed the rightful ruler who was only 12 this led to serious consequences for him and the empire.

Ibrahim Khan Sur, who was in charge of Agra, rebelled took and then over Delhi for himself. At the same time, Ahmad Khan Sur, the governor of Lahore, declared independence calling himself Sikandar Shah.

Also Muhammad Khan Sur in Bengal also revolted, calling himself Shams-ud-din Muhammad Shah Ghazi. The empire had split into four main regions, Delhi and Agra under Ibrahim Shah Suri, Panjab under Sikandar Shah Suri, Bengal under Shams-ud-din Muhammad Shah, and the area from Agra to Bihar under Muhammad Adil Shah.
|Region|Ruler|Base of Power|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Delhi to Agra|Ibrahim Shah Suri|Delhi|
|Punjab|Sikandar Shah Suri|Lahore|
|Bengal|Shams-ud-din Muhammad Shah|Gaur (Gaurah)|
|Agra to Bihar|Muhammad Adil Shah|Patna|

Sikandar Shah Suri went on to fight Ibrahim near Agra in 1555 and won, capturing both Delhi and Agra.

As the fighting got worse, the old Mughal Emperor Humayun realised he had a chance to get back to power so he returned from Kabul in November 1554. His army quickly took over important areas like Lahore, Jalandhar, and Sirhind. As the Mughal armies marched they defeated their enemies and captured Delhi.

Even while this was happening the fighting among the Suris did not stop. Hemu, who was Shah Adil’s prime minister, won two battles against one of the rebel leaders near Kalpi and Khanua.

However Adil Shah was no longer emperor and was basically a regional king until finally he was defeated and killed by Khizr Khan Sur of Bengal in 1557,

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Muhammad Adil Shah
- **image**: Copper Half Paisa of Adil Shah Suri.jpg
- **caption**: Copper Half Paisa of Adil Shah Suri
- **succession**: 7th Sur Empire, Sultan of the Sur Empire
- **reign**: 25 November 1554 – January 1555
- **predecessor**: Firuz Shah Suri
- **successor**: Ibrahim Shah Suri
- **death date**: 1557
- **house**: Sur (tribe), Sur
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
- **full name**: Muhammad Mubāriz Khān
- **dynasty**: Sur Empire, Sur
Muhammad Riaz Shahid

**Sheikh Riaz Shahid Yaseen** (born 1 January 1983) is a Pakistani politician who served as President of PML(N) Youth Wing from 2005 to 2007.

## Early life

He was born at Faisalabad on 1 January 1983.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Muhammad Riaz Shahid
- **honorific-suffix**: MPA
- **office1**: Member of the Provincial Assembly of Punjab
- **term start1**: 25 November 2002
- **term end1**: 3 November 2007
- **constituency1**: PP-66 (Faisalabad-XVI)
- **nationality**: Pakistani
- **party**: Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (2010-present)
- **otherparty**: Pakistan Peoples Party 1970-2010
- **termend**: 1 November 1983
- **termstart**: 10 August 1979
- **parents**: Ch Barkat Ali
- **children**: 7
- **birth name**: Riaz Shahid
- **birth place**: Hoshiarpur, India
- **succeeded**: Chaudhary Sher Ali
- **office**: Mayor of Faisalabad
- **order**: 1st
- **predecessor**: Office established
Ibrahim Shah Suri

**Ibrahim Shah Suri** was King of Hindustan from January 1555 until his defeat in February 1555. He came to power after rebelling against Adil Shah and so became Sultan (king) but later he was defeated by Sikandar Shah Suri who then became Sultan.

## Rule

Ibrahim Shah Suri was the governor of Agra in 1555, when he rebelled against the sultan. Adil Shah sent his army to stop the revolt, but Ibrahim defeated Adil's army and marched towards Delhi. After capturing Delhi, he became Sultan Ibrahim Shah Suri in January 1555. But in the next month (February 1555), Sikandar Shah Suri defeated him at Farah, 32 km from Agra even though Ibrahim's army had more men then him. Sikandar took over both Delhi and Agra.

## Later days

After losing Delhi and Agra, Ibrahim began then fought with Adil Shah. But he was defeated by Adil's army led by his advisor Hemu twice, first near Kalpi and next near Khanua. He escaped to the fort of Bayana, but then Hemu's army arrived and he was in danger. However he was safe for a while when Hemu returned to help Adil Shah. Later, Ibrahim made a hill fort in the Nurpur kingdom and then attacked Mughals in Gurdaspur but in the end the Mughals were too powerful and he fled.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Ibrahim Shah Suri
- **succession**: Sur Empire, Sultan of Hindustan
- **reign**: January 1555 – February 1555
- **predecessor**: Muhammad Adil Shah
- **successor**: Sikandar Shah Suri
- **death date**: 1567/1568
- **house**: Sur dynasty
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
- **dynasty**: Sur dynasty
Sikandar Shah Suri

**Sikandar Shah Suri** (died 1559) was the last ruling King of Hindustan from the Sur dynasty. He became Sultan (king) in February 1555 until his defeat on 22 June 1555. He was the second-to-last ruler of the Sur Empire. His defeat by Humayun and loss of Delhi was the end of the Sur Empire's 15-year rule over the throne of Hindustan, but the Suris continued to rule the eastern parts of the empire for another year.

## Early life

Sikandar Shah Suri's real name was Ahmad Khan Suri. He was the brother-in-law of sultan Muhammad Adil Shah. He was the Sur Empire's governor of Lahore before rebelling against Delhi in 1555.

## Rule

After rebelling he became an independent sultan and he ruled over Punjab - once Punjab was under his control he then marched towards sultan Ibrahim Shah Suri's forces. Sikandar defeated Ibrahim in a battle at Farah near Agra and took over both Delhi and Agra. While Sikandar was busy fighting against Ibrahim, the old Mughal emperor Humayun captured Lahore in February 1555 and another part of his forces captured Dipalpur. Next, the Mughal army occupied Jalandhar and then they marched to Sirhind.

To stop them, Sikandar sent a force of 30,000 cavalrymen (men on horses) but they were defeated by the Mughal army in a battle at Machhiwara and Sirhind was taken over by the Mughals. Sikandar, then led an army of 80,000 cavalrymen himself and met the Mughals at Sirhind. On 22 June 1555 he was defeated by the Mughal army and was forced to retreat to the Sivalik Hills in northern Punjab. The Mughals then marched to Delhi and took it over.

## Last days

In late 1556, Sikandar went back into action again, he defeated Mughal general Khizr Khwaja Khan at Chamiari (now in Amritsar district) and began to collect taxes with Kalanaur as his capital. The Mughals then sent forces against him and finally on 7 December 1556 Akbar along with Bairam Khan left Delhi to deal with him. Sikandar again retreated and took refuge at Fort Mau in the Nurpur kingdom. After six months of fighting and resistance from the fort, Sikandar surrendered on 25 July 1557. His local supporter, Raja Bakht Mal, Raja of Nurpur, was imprisoned at Lahore and later beheaded on orders of Bairam Khan. Sikandar was sent to Bihar where he died in 1559.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Sikandar Shah Suri
- **image**: Sikandar Shah Suri, in front of Akbar, 25 July 1557.jpg
- **caption**: Sikandar Shah Suri, in front of Akbar, at the surrender of the Siege of Mankot, 25 July 1557. _Akbarnama_ (1590-95)
- **succession**: Sur Empire, Sultan of Hindustan
- **reign**: February 1555 – 22 June 1555
- **predecessor**: Ibrahim Shah Suri
- **successor**: Humayun<hr>Adil Shah Suri
- **death date**: 1559
- **death place**: Bihar, Mughal Empire
- **dynasty**: Sur Empire, Sur
- **religion**: Sunni Islam
When I Was 17

***When I Was 17*** is an American reality television series made for MTV. The show ran from May 1, 2010 until November 19, 2011.

The show featured celebrities being interviewed about their lives growing up as a teenager. Many famous names have been interviewed for the series such as Kobe Bryant, Drake, and Donald Trump.

## Other websites

- (Archive)

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Reality television
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 3
- **num episodes**: 56
- **runtime**: 30 minutes
- **company**: MTV Productions
- **network**: MTV
French National Centre for Scientific Research

The **French National Centre for Scientific Research** (, , **CNRS**) is a top public research organization in Europe and one of the most respected in the world. The CNRS is the biggest organization in Europe that does basic science research.

In 2016, the CNRS had 31,637 workers. This included 11,137 full-time researchers, 13,415 engineers and technical staff, and 7,085 contract workers. Its main office is in Paris, and it also has offices in cities like Brussels, Beijing, Tokyo, Singapore, Washington, D.C., Bonn, Moscow, Tunis, Johannesburg, Santiago de Chile, cities in Israel, and New Delhi.

## Organization

The CNRS is divided into 10 national institutes:
- Institute of Chemistry (INC)
- Institute of Ecology and Environment (INEE)
- Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (IN2P3)
- Institute of Biological Sciences (INSB)
- Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (INSHS)
- Institute for Computer Sciences (INS2I)
- Institute for Engineering and Systems Sciences (INSIS)
- Institute for Mathematical Sciences (INSMI)
- Institute for Earth Sciences and Astronomy (INSU)

## Other websites

- "The founding of CNRS" (1939), online and analysed on _BibNum_ <small>[click 'à télécharger' for English version]</small>

## Infobox (organization)

- **type**: Governmental organisation
- **purpose**: Fundamental research
- **headquarters**: Campus Gérard Mégie, 16th arrondissement of Paris
- **language**: French
- **leader title**: President
- **main organ**: Comité national de la recherche scientifique
- **budget**: (2021)
- **num staff**: 33,000 (2021)
Nanabhai Bhatt

**Nanabhai Bhatt** (12 June 1915 – 24 April 1999) was an Indian film director and producer who worked in Hindi and Gujarati cinema. He is known for making over a hundred fantasy and mythological films, including the blockbuster _Kangan_ (1959) starring Nirupa Roy and Ashok Kumar.  His first film, _Muqabala_ (1942), was the first to feature the double-role or "twins" phenomenon in Indian cinema, wherein lead actress Fearless Nadia alternated between the good sister and the gangster's moll. The formula was subsequently emulated in numerous Hindi films.

## Personal life

Bhatt was the patriarch of the Bhatt film family. He was in a relationship with Shia Muslim actress, Shirin Mohammad Ali since 1939. The couple had six children – Sheila Bhatt, Purnima Bhasin, Kumkum Saigal, Mahesh Bhatt, Heena Suri and Mukesh Bhatt. Later, Nanabhai married Hemlata Bhatt, with whom he had three children – Robin Bhatt, Parmesh Bhatt, Mamta Bhatt.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nanabhai Bhatt
- **other names**: Yeshwant Bhatt
Batuk Bhatt
- **birth place**: Porbandar, Porbandar State, Kathiawar Agency, British Raj, British India

- **death place**: Mumbai, Maharashtra
- **nationality**: Indian people, Indian
- **years active**: 19421988
- **spouse**: Hemlata Bhatt
- **partner**: Shirin Mohammad Ali
- **children**: 9 (including Mahesh Bhatt, Mukesh Bhatt & Robin Bhatt)
- **relatives**: See Bhatt family
Vitallium

**Vitallium** or **vitalium** is an alloy made of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. It is notably resistant to corrosion. It is a biomaterial used to make surgical tools and prosthetic implants such as joint replacements.

## Composition

The exact composition of vitallium alloys depends on their manufacturer. ISO standards define "cobalt chromium molybdenum casting alloy" as containing 26.5% to 30% chromium, 4.5 to 7% molybdenum, and the remainder cobalt. The Medical Subject Headings dictionary defines vitallium as containing 60% cobalt, 20% chromium, 5% molybdenum.

Small amounts of other ingredients can be added to alter its structure and properties.

## History

Vitallium was developed in the United States in 1932, and used in joint replacement. A vitallium implant given to English engineer Norman Sharp at age 23 was recognised as the world's longest-lasting hip replacement in 2016.
Non-Chalcedonian Christianity

The **Non-Chalcedonian Christianity** or **Anti-Chalcedonian Orthodox Churches** comprises the churches and denominations of Christianity that profess Monophysitism (the theology that Jesus Christ's humanity and divinity was united in one nature) and refuse to accept and upheld the Chalcedonian Definition, which was created at the Council of Chalcedon, the council following Ephesus, in 451 AD.

In contrast to Anti-Chalcedonians, Chalcedonian Christianity professes Dyophysitism (the theology that Jesus' humanity and divinty was inseparable). Anti-Chalcedonians reject Chalcedon for varying reasons, and thus stand in contrast to Chalcedonian Christianity. Today, those who belong to the Oriental Orthodox Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Coptic Church comprises most people belonging to the Anti-Chalcedonian Orthodox Churches.

It is disputed whether the Nestorian Church is Chalcedonian or not, because while the Nestorian Church refused to accept the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD, and split and broke off their communion with Rome, it is disputed whether they later became Chalcedonian or not, and sources differ on whether they accepted or refused the dyophisitc Chalcedonian Definition.
The Abbott and Costello Show

***The Abbott and Costello Show*** is an American television sitcom starring the comedy team of Bud Abbott and Lou Costello. The series premiered in syndication from September 1952 to May 1954 with two seasons and 52 episodes.
Dyophysitism

**Dyophysitism** (from Greek _Δύο_ "Duo" (Two) and  _Φύσις_ "Physis" (Nature)) is the theology that Jesus Christ had two distinct and inseparable natures – human and divine. It is different from Monophysitism, the theology that Jesus Christ either had one nature, or that Jesus's humanity and divinity was united in one nature. Denominations, branches, and churches of Christianity that profess Dyophysitism comprise Chalcedonian Christianity due to them accepting the Chalcedonian Definition, the dyophisitc theology of Jesus, which the Monophysite branches of Christianity rejected and therefore comprises Anti-Chalcedonian Orthodox Churches (Oriental Orthodoxy comprises virtually all of the Anti-Chalcedonian Orthodox Churches). Most denominations, branches, and churches of Christianity are Chalcedonian, and uphold the Dyophysitic theology of Jesus, in contrast to the Anti-Chalcedonian Orthodox Churches. At least 92.2% of all Christians worldwide belong to Chalcedonian churches and denominations that uphold the Dyophysitic theology and view regarding the natures of Jesus Christ, predominantly Latin Catholics which makes up a significant majority of the population in the Western world (especially in Europe) and Latin America.

## Related pages

- Monophysitism
- Miaphysitism
Balkan Air Force

The **Balkan Air Force**, was an Allied air formation that was active in the Balkan region (primarily in Yugoslavia). The BAF was composed of the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom, and the South African Air Force of the Union of South Africa. it was active from 7 June 1944 until 15 July 1945. The BAF mostly operated over the skies of Yugoslavia, supporting the Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito against Nazi Germany and the other Axis powers in the region. But some times supporting the Resistance movements in Greece and Albania.

## Allies

- Greek resistance
- Albanian Resistance

## Opponents

- **Axis powers**
    - (Until 9 September 1944)
    - Serbia (Until 4 October 1944)
    - (Until November 1944)
    - Montenegro (Until December 1944)
    - (Until 12 October 1944)
Rice Krispies Treats

**Rice Krispies Treats** are a confection. They are commonly made through binding WK Kellogg Co's Rice Krispies or another crisp rice cereal together with butter or margarine and marshmallow. Though they are traditionally home-made, Kellogg's began to market the treats themselves in 1995. Rice Krispies Treats products are currently manufactured and marketed by Kellanova.
Morann, Pennsylvania

**Morann** is an unincorporated community and a rural hamlet located in rural Gulich Township in southeastern Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Morann is located about 4.5 miles (2.8 kilometers) below the borough of Houtzdale and alongside Whiteside Run which passes through the town. Morann has a post office with the ZIP code 16663, which was opened on 19 June 1890 and located on the Ginter Morann Highway and still exists currently. The earliest known mention of the rural hamlet of Morann is from the schedule register of the whole United States from 1850.
Punk'd

***Punk'd*** is an American hidden camera–practical joke reality television series produced by MTV. The show was created by Ashton Kutcher and Jason Goldberg. It was also hosted by Kutcher. The show ran from March 17, 2003 until May 29, 2007.

The show originally was about pranking regular people but the concept was later changed after a couple sued Kutcher, MTV, and the Hard Rock Hotel for $10 million after a fake dead body prank. The concept was later changed to Kutcher and the team pranking celebrities and friends of Kutcher in a hidden camera setting from another room or building. The original show ran from March 17, 2003 until May 29, 2007.

A revival was ordered by MTV. It was first announced with Justin Bieber as the host but it later turned out to be a rotating cast of celebrities acting as host. Kutcher stayed on as an executive producer. It ran from March 29 until June 7, 2012. Another revival was ordered, this time for BET. It was hosted by internet celebrities King Bach and DeStorm Power. It ran from August 18 until October 6, 2015.

In 2020, a third revival was ordered and was broadcast on the streaming platform Quibi. Chance the Rapper served as the host for the revival and after Quibi was shut down, Roku bought the rights for the series to broadcast it on The Roku Channel. It ran from April 6, 2020 until December 10, 2021.

## Infobox (television)

- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 11
- **num episodes**: 94
- **network**: MTV
- **network3**: BET
Balli Kombëtar

The **Balli Kombëtar**, was an Nationalist movement during World War II. Founded in November 1942, it was formed as a Resistance movement to fight against the Axis powers in Albania. They faced opposition by the Communist National Liberation Movement led by Enver Hoxha. In August 1943, the both sides made an agreement to aim to regulate the Albanian resistance. By September the Italy had joined the Allies and Germany occupied Albania. Fearing attacks from lager superior forces, the Balli kombëtar made a deal with the Nazis and continued the war against the LANÇ and the Yugoslav Partisans. In 1944, with the Balkans being liberated by the allies and local resistance groups. The German forces in the region began retreating to safer places and Albania was liberated by the Albanian communists.
Sacred Name Movement

The **Sacred Name Movement** (**SNM**) is a group within Adventism that focuses on using the Hebrew name of God. Inspired by Clarence Orvil Dodd, the movement thinks using God's name is very important, like the Jewish festivals. People in SNM also usually follow many Old Testament laws, like keeping the Sabbath on Saturday, celebrating Torah festivals, and eating food laws called kashrut. The movement also does not believe in the Trinity, saying it is not in the Bible.
Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée

The **Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée** (or **MOM**) is a research center in Lyon, France. It studies the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and the early days of humans. It is named after its founder, historian Jean Pouilloux. Right now, it is led by Sabine Fourrier, who is a Research Director at the CNRS.
Beethoven Romance

***Beethoven Romance*** is a ballet made by New York City Ballet leader Peter Martins to Ludwig Van Beethoven’s Romance in F for violin and orchestra, Op. 50 (1805). The first show was on 2 February 1989 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center, with costumes by Heather Watts and lights by Mark Stanley.

## Original cast

- Kyra Nichols
- Adam Lüders
Four Bagatelles

***Four Bagatelles*** is New York City Ballet leader Jerome Robbins' only ballet made with the music of Beethoven: Bagatelles, Op. 33, Nos. 4, 5, and 2 (in order of use) and Bagatelles, Op. 126, No. 4. The first show took place on Thursday, 10 January 1974 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center. The ballet came back for the 2008 Jerome Robbins event.

## Original cast

- Gelsey Kirkland
- Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux

## References

- NYCBallet website
- _Playbill_, NYCB, Tuesday, June 10, 2008
- _Playbill_, City Center, Wednesday and Thursday, September 30 – October 1, 2009
- _New York City Ballet News_, Spring 2008

- _Repertory Week_, NYCB, Spring season, 2008 repertory, week 7
The Crimson Circle (1929 movie)

***The Crimson Circle*** () is a 1929 British German crime movie directed by Frederic Zelnik and was based on the 1922 novel of the same name by Edgar Wallace. It stars Lya Mara, Fred Louis Lerch, Stewart Rome, Albert Steinrück, Otto Wallburg, Hans Albers and Bruno Ziener.
Carrefour Argentina

**Carrefour Argentina** is a retail hypermarket and supermarket chain in Argentina, originally from France and a subsidiary of the Carrefour Group.

## History

Carrefour arrived in Argentina in 1982, opening its first hypermarket in San Isidro, Buenos Aires. Over time, it expanded with different store formats like Market and Express.

From 2006 to 2009, the company invested 1.25 billion pesos, opened 45 new stores, and reopened 117 under the Carrefour brand. By 2009, it had over 20,000 employees, 11.6 billion pesos in revenue, and around 4,400 suppliers.

In 2001, Carrefour doubled its size by acquiring Supermercados Norte, becoming the largest retailer in the country. Today, Carrefour has over 650 stores in 22 provinces and is one of the biggest private employers in Argentina.

## Possible sale in 2025

In July 2025, Carrefour began the process of selling its operations in Argentina. The group selected Deutsche Bank to analyze its assets in the country and prepare a list of candidates.

However, it has not yet been determined whether the sale will be total or partial, as the transaction is in its initial stages.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Carrefour Argentina
- **logo size**: 220px
- **image**: El_Mercado_Carrefour_Express.jpg
- **image caption**: Carrefour Market located in Recoleta, Buenos Aires.
- **type**: Private company, Private
- **key people**: David Collas (CEO)
- **location city**: Cuyo 3367, Buenos Aires Province
- **location country**: Argentina
- **area served**: Argentina
- **services**: Cash and carry (wholesale), Cash and carry, warehouse club, discount store, hypermarket, supercenter, superstore, supermarket
- **num employees**: +18.000
Byeon Woo-seok

**Byeon Woo-seok** (; Hanja: 卞宇錫;; born 31 October 1991) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his roles in popular Korean television dramas and movies. Byeon gained widespread recognition for his acting skills and charming screen presence.

## Early life and education

Byeon Woo-seok was born on January 28, 1996, in Seoul, South Korea. He attended Hanyang University where he studied theatre and film. He developed an interest in acting at a young age, participating in various school plays and local theater performances.

### Early career

Byeon Woo-seok made his acting debut in 2014, appearing in supporting roles in television dramas. He initially gained attention for his roles in various K-dramas and movies, where he showcased his acting talent. His breakthrough role came in 2019 with the television series _WWW_, where he played a supporting role and earned positive reviews for his portrayal of a charming and determined character.

### Notable roles

In 2020, Byeon Woo-seok starred in the hit series _Youth of May_, where he played the role of Lee Soo-chan. His performance was widely praised, and the series was well-received by audiences, further solidifying his position as a rising star in the Korean entertainment industry.

Byeon Woo-seok's performances have continued to impress both critics and audiences, and he has quickly become a sought-after actor for leading roles in high-profile dramas and movies. His ability to portray a wide range of characters with depth and authenticity has earned him recognition and awards in the Korean entertainment industry.

### Movie career

Besides his work in television, Byeon Woo-seok has appeared in various movies. His filmography includes roles in romantic comedies, historical dramas, and thrillers. His ability to adapt to different genres has contributed to his growing popularity in both television and cinema.

## Personal life

Byeon Woo-seok is known for his calm demeanor and private lifestyle. He is active on social media and often shares updates with his fans. As of now, he is considered one of the top emerging actors in South Korea.

### Television

- _Search: WWW_ (2019) – Supporting Role
- _Youth of May_ (2021) – Lee Soo-chan
- _[Other notable TV Shows]_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Byeon Woo-seok
- **image**: Byeon Woo-seok in June 2024.jpg
- **image upright**: 1.2
- **alt**: Byeon Woo-seok at a press event
- **caption**: Byeon Woo-seok at the premiere of *Record of Youth*
- **native name**: 변우석
- **native name lang**: ko
- **birth name**: Byeon Woo-seok
- **birth place**: South Korea
- **nationality**: South Korean
- **citizenship**: South Korean
- **education**: Seoul Institute of the Arts
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 2012–present
- **known for**: *Search: WWW*, *Record of Youth*, *Twenty Five, Twenty One*
- **notable works**: *Search: WWW* (2019), *Record of Youth* (2020), *Twenty Five, Twenty One* (2022)
- **height**: 189 cm
- **height ft**: 6 ft 0.5 in
- **television**: *Search: WWW*, *Record of Youth*, *Twenty Five, Twenty One*
- **signature**: Byeon Woo Seoks Signature.png
Hydrogenoxalate

**Hydrogenoxalate**, also spelled **hydrogen oxalate** and historically known as **bioxalate**, is an ion with the chemical formula . It is a conjugate base of oxalic acid and conjugate acid of oxalate, found in moderately acidic solution.
Willenhall E-ACT Academy

**Willenhall E-ACT Academy** (used to be called **Willenhall School Sports College**) is an 11–18 mixed secondary school and sixth form academy in Willenhall, West Midlands, England.

It was a school that was used to be known as Willenhall Comprehensive School and had a Sports College and Science College status. It got its present name after changing into an academy in 2012.

## Colleges

Willenhall E-ACT Academy has four "colleges": blue, green, red, and yellow. The colleges play against each other in a wide variety of competitions both sporting and academic.

## Inspections

In March 2015, the inspection group OFSTED noted that the school "requires improvement", but by March 2017 this had declined further, to "inadequate", with pupils' behaviour bringing negativity over it. For example, in May 2017, students threw food at Ofsted Inspectors.In June 2017, staff members of the National Union of Teachers and NASUWT unions carried out a strike, over 'unreasonable' control and the safety of staff, with a further two strike days planned for July of the same year.

## Infobox (school)

- **name**: Willenhall E-ACT Academy
- **motto**: Nos iactare dux in cibum
- **address**: Furzebank Way
- **city**: Willenhall
- **county**: West Midlands (county), West Midlands
- **postcode**: WV12 4BD
- **country**: England
- **former name**: Willenhall School Sports College
- **type**: Academy
- **local authority**: Walsall Council
- **trust**: E-ACT
- **ofsted**: Yes
- **head teacher**: Tim Marston
- **gender**: Mixed-sex education, Mixed
- **age range**: 11–16
- **enrollment**: 1,009
- **capacity**: 1,350
Paklei Namsa

**Paklei Namsa** (), also known as **Paklei Namsha, Malem Leisa**, or **Malem Leisha** (), is a traditional religious practice of placing a small amount of earth on the forehead as a mark of respect and spiritual devotion in the Sanamahi religion. It is mainly practised by the Meitei people of Kangleipak (modern day Manipur).

## Mythological origin

According to Meetei tradition of Nongkhong Koiba, following the advice of mother goddess Ima Leimalel Sitapi (representing the earth), Pakhangpa circled his father's seat seven times and bowed down, touching his forehead to the earth. At the moment of bowing, earth touched Pakhangpa’s forehead, forming the origin of Paklei Namsa.

## Meaning and etymology

In Meitei language, Paklei is made of Pak (broad or widespread) and Lei (earth or soil), Namsa is made of Nam (to put) and Sa (body or forehead). Together, Paklei Namsa means "putting earth on the forehead." The act symbolizes deep gratitude to Mother Earth, who is believed to be a deathless, ever-giving mother caring for all living beings throughout time.

## Daily practice and variations

The tradition is still followed today. Many elderly Meetei, whether Hindu converts or Sanamahi followers, touch the ground with their right hand’s middle finger upon waking and then touch their forehead. This is a sign of respect to the earth before stepping on it for the day.

To apply Paklei Namsa, a small amount of earth is placed on the left palm with water. It is mixed into a paste. The middle finger of the right hand is used to apply it to the forehead.

## Misunderstandings and external influences

Over time, some people have mistakenly interpreted Paklei Namsa as "chandan" (sandalwood paste) or used imported soil. This has been influenced by cultural changes during the Hindu rule in Kangleipak, particularly during the reign of King Churachand Singh.

During that period, substances like Gopi Chandan from Brindaban and black soil were introduced for ceremonial use. These practices caused confusion about the traditional meaning of Paklei Namsa. However, traditionally, any naturally available soil color from Mother Earth is considered suitable.

The original Paklei Namsa does not rely on external materials or symbolism from other cultures. It comes directly from the Meetei relationship with the Earth, which they see as the ultimate, loving, and tireless mother of all life.

## Related pages

- Lai Haraoba
- Ngamu Usin
- Chang Thokpa
- Meitei philosophy
- Philosophy of Sanamahism
- Philosophy of Meitei script
- Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok Puya
- Ancient Meitei literature
Chinese famine of 1942–1943

From 1942 to 1943, a major famine happened in Henan, China. It is estimated that between 700,000 and 3,000,000 people died because of lack of food. Another 3,000,000 refugees left Henan to look for food. The causes of the famine included drought and locust.

This humanitarian disaster is considered part of World War II history, because of the fact that Henan was surrounded by the Japanese on three sides. A lot of the Chinese soldiers, who fought in the war, came from Henan. As a result, the farmers could not store enough food.

## Related page

- Second Sino-Japanese War
- Great Chinese Famine
When You Get a Little Lonely

***When You Get a Little Lonely*** is the only studio album by Maureen McCormick. The album was released on April 4, 1995.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: When You Get a Little Lonely
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Maureen McCormick
- **released**: April 4, 1995
- **recorded**: 1994–1995
- **studio**: Nightingale Studios (Nashville)
Tempo Recording (Hollywood)
- **genre**: Country music, Country
- **length**: 34:41
- **label**: Phantom Hill
- **producer**: Barry Coffing
Khumomba

**Meidingu Khumomba** was a king of the Ningthouja dynasty of Medieval Manipur He reigned from **1262 CE** to **1277 CE**. He was the second son of Meitei king Chingthang Lanthaba, the younger brother of Meitei king Puranthaba and the elder-half brother of Thingbai Selhongba.

During his reign, he constructed a Hanuman temple in his kingdom.**** The Khuman clan was also invaded by the Kabos from the Kabaw Valley during his reign. He helped the Khumans and together, they defeated the Kabos who could not overpower the strong forces of the two groups. He also seized the village of Thanga.

## Related page

- Kangleipak kingdom
- Ancient Manipur
- Meitei dynasty
- Khuman dynasty
- Meitei people

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Khumomba
- **title**: Meitei Ningthou
- **reign**: 1262 C.E - 1277 C.E
- **reign-type**: Monarchy
- **coronation**: 1262 C.E
- **predecessor**: Puranthaba (Meitei king), Puranthaba
- **successor**: Moiramba
- **suc-type**: Successive son
- **birth name**: Khumompa
- **spouse**: Yanglou Ngambi
- **house**: Ningthouja dynasty
- **father**: Chingthang Lanthaba
- **mother**: Ningthoupokpi
- **occupation**: Monarch of the Ningthouja dynasty
- **religion**: Sanamahism
Turkish war crimes

Since the establishment of Republic of Turkey, Turkey commited war crimes like in the Syrian Civil War, Turkish invasion of Cyprus and so on.

Even before its establishment, Three Pashas commited genocides in World War One against Armenian, Greek and Assyrian victims. Massacres also continued during the Turkish War of Independence by both sides. Turkey still continues to deny the genocides. After 1923, war crimes also occured during the Syrian Civil War and Second Libyan Civil War.

#### Hamidian Massacres

Hamidian massacres were the mass killings of Armenian and Assyrian victims during 1894-97, which ordered by Abdulhamid II. Massacre resulted with the death of 300,000 civilians.

#### Late Ottoman Genocides

During the last years of the Ottoman Empire, CUP government radicalized and genocided Greek, Armenian and Assyrian people. According to Rudolph Joseph Rummel's statistics, the Turks massacred from 3,500,000 to 4,300,000 Armenian, Greek, Assyrian and other christian groups.

### Turkish War of Independence

During the Turkish War of Independence, Ankara government was responsible for massacres of Armenians, Greeks and other christian populations. Vahagn Avedian states the Turkish War of Independence were nothing more than a "ethnic cleansing campaign to get rid of christians".

## Syrian civil war

During Syrian civil war, Turkey was accused by supporting Islamic State generally by pro-Kurdish persons. Pro- Kurdish party in Turkey, HDP also claimed Turkey allowed ISIL soldiers cross Turkish - Syrian border and siege Kobanî. It is claimed that in 2018, at least 66 civilian were killed during Turkish airstrikes. In 2019, an Amnesty International article had accused Turkey and its allies with doing war crimes. In 2024, Turkish drone strikes in Tishreen dam caused 413 thousand Kurds left without electricity and drinkable water.

## Libyan Civil War (2014-2020)

SOHR claims that Turkey used child soldiers in Libya.

## See also

- War crime
Directive 2012/18/EU

**Directive 2012/18/EU** (also called **Seveso-III Directive**) (full title: _Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directive 96/82/EC_) is a European Union directive. It is to control major chemical accident hazards. It is implemented in national legislation. National chemical safety authorities have to enforce it.
Chingthang Lanthaba

**Chingthang Lanthaba** was a king of the Ningthouja dynasty of Medieval Manipur who ruled from 1230 CE to 1241 CE. He invaded the Khumans and defeated them.

He was the father of Puranthaba, Khumomba and Thingbai Selhongba, and the son of Thawanthaba.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Chingthang Lanthaba
- **title**: Meitei Ningthou
- **reign-type**: Monarchy
- **reign**: 1230 CE - 1241 CE
- **predecessor**: Thawanthaba
- **successor**: Thingbai Selhongba
- **issue**: Puranthaba (Meitei king), Puranthaba, Khumomba, Thingbai Selhongba
- **house**: Ningthouja dynasty
- **father**: Thawanthaba
- **religion**: Sanamahism
Scientific consensus

**Scientific consensus** is the common opinion or agreement of most scientists in a certain field at a specific time.

Agreement is reached through scientists talking at conferences, publishing their work, others repeating their experiments to check results, discussions among experts, and reviewing each other's work.
Ceramide

**Ceramides** are a family of waxy lipid molecules. A ceramide has sphingosine and a fatty acid joined by an amide bond.  Ceramides are found in high gatherings within the cell membrane of eukaryotic cells, since they are lipids that make up sphingomyelin, one of the major lipids in the lipid bilayer.

Opposite to previous assumptions that ceramides and other sphingolipids found in cell membrane were supporting structural elements, ceramide can participate in a many cellular signalings: likedifferentiation, proliferation, and programmed cell death (PCD) of cells.

## History

The word _ceramide_ comes from the Latin _cera_ (wax) and _amide_. Ceramide is a part of vernix caseosa, the waxy or cheese-like white stuff found coating the skin of newborn human infants.
Minervarya kalinga

The **Kalinga cricket frog**  or **Kalinga rice frog** (_Minervarya kalinga_) is a species of frog. It lives in India.

## Home

This frog lives in forests on mountains. It can live in forests that are growing back. People saw it in Soppinabetta forest. Scientists saw this frog between 500 and 1210 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw this frog in two protected places: Papikonda National Park and Satpura Tiger Reserve.

## Young

This frog lays eggs at the edges of streams, in paddy fields, and in ditches and swamps.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. In the Eastern Ghat Mountains, human beings change the places where the frog lives to make farms and build dams. In other places, humans dig in the ground for bauxite.
Bushbuckridge

**Bushbuckridge** (also known as **Mapulaneng**) is a town in Bushbuckridge Local Municipality, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga, South Africa. The town grew around a trading store that opened in 1884. It is named after the large herds of bushbuck found here in the 1880s, and the prominent ridge in the southeastern part of the municipality.

The suburbs and countryside south of Bushbuckridge are part of a place called Bushbuckridge NU. In 2011, about 1,070 people lived there. The area is about .

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bushbuckridge
- **official name**: Mapulaneng
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: BushBuckridge moutains.jpg
- **image caption**: Mountains in BushBuckridge during day time.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: South Africa
- **subdivision type1**: Province
- **subdivision name1**: Mpumalanga
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Ehlanzeni
- **subdivision type3**: Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Bushbuckridge
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population density km2**: auto