juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Office Depot

**Office Depot** is an American office supply retailer headquartered in Boca Raton. They sell office supplies like computers in the United States.

It was founded in 1986. The first Office Depot store opened at the Lakes Mall in Fort Lauderdale in 1986. It has since grew to 1,400 locations in the United States. It was merged with OfficeMax in 2013.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (company)

- **company name**: Office Depot, Inc.
- **image**: Palo Alto Office Depot storefront.jpg
- **company type**: Office supply store
- **foundation**: 1986
- **founder**: F. Patrick Sher
- **location**: Boca Raton, Florida
- **key people**: Gerry Smith
- **area served**: United States
- **industry**: Retail
- **products**: Office Supplies, Computers
- **homepage**: http://www.officedepot.com/
1999 in music

This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1999.

### October

|colspan="2"|Date|Album|Artist|Notes|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98; textcolor:#000;"|**O C T O B E R**|style="text-align:center;"|12|_I Want It All_|Warren G|-|

### November

|colspan="2"|Date|Album|Artist|Notes|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a; textcolor:#000;"|**N O V E M B E R**|style="text-align:center;"|23|_Blue_|Third Eye Blind|-|
Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election

On July 21, 2024, U.S. President Joe Biden announced he was ending his campaign for a second term as president through social media. He supported Vice President Kamala Harris as a Democrat candidate in the 2024 United States presidential election. Concerns about his age and health made many Democrats concerned about a second Biden term. During a presidential debate in June 2024, Biden looked sick, spoke in a hoarse voice, and was not able to remember some statistics. After the debate, many people said that Biden should leave the election.

On April 25, 2023, Biden said he would run for reelection to a second term in the 2024 election. At this point, a poll said that Biden's approval rating was 37%. Many potential voters said that they were concerned about the economy. During his 2024 campaign, Biden said he would support economy growth and recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic. He said that he wanted to "finish the job" many times.

The first presidential debate of 2024 was on June 27, between Biden and former president Donald Trump. Biden was criticized, and many people said he spoke badly. Many newspapers and people said that Trump won the debate. Many people asked questions about Biden's health. Some asked him to stop his campaign. At first, Biden wanted to stay a candidate.  On July 21, he quit his candidacy. He said that it was best for his party and country. He wanted Kamala Harris to be president after him. However, Harris lost the election on November 5 to Trump.

Biden is the first incumbent president that could run for reelection but didn't since Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968. He is the first incumbent U.S. president to not run for reelection after winning the primaries.
Legionnaire E33k UAV

The Legionnaire E33k is an **unmanned aerial vehicle** currently in testing with the Russian ground forces. It is made by Tikhiye Krylya (Quiet Wings) Group, a subsidiary of Russian joint-stock arms manufacturing company Kalashnikov Concern.

## Purpose

The drone will reportedly be used to transport supplies.

## Specifications

The Legionnaire E33k reportedly weighs 29.9 kilograms, has a wingspan of four meters, has a range of 200 kilometers with a payload of three kilograms and 50 kilometers with a payload of 10 kilograms, and can fly for up to 150 minutes (2 and a half hours).

## History

The drone was successfully tested on July 17th.
Rathaus-Glockenspiel

The **Rathaus-Glockenspiel** is a large clock. It is in the Marienplatz Square in Munich. It is famous for its large characters. Twice a day, the clock recreates scenes from Munich's history. The first story that it shows is the marriage of Duke Wilhelm V to Renata of Lorraine in 1568. After that, it shows the story of the Schäfflerstanz. This is also called the coopers' dance.

## History

The clock has 43 bells and 32 figures. These were added to the Neues Rathaus (New Town Hall) in 1908. Every day at 11 a.m. and 12 p.m. (as well as 5 p.m. from March to October), the clock recreates two stories from Munich’s history from the 16th century. These stories take about 15 minutes.

The top half of the Glockenspiel tells the story of the marriage of the local Duke Wilhelm V (who also founded the Hofbräuhaus) to Renata of Lorraine (Renate von Lothringen). There is also a joust with knights of horses. These horses represent Bavaria (in white and blue) and Lothringen (in red and white). The Bavarian knight (Bayerische Ritter) wins.

After the first story, the second story happens. The _Schäfflertanz_(otherwise called the coopers' dance) plays out on the bottom half of the clock. This story shows the end of a plague that happened in 1517.  The coopers were said to have danced in the streets. These coopers supported residents to leave their homes again after being scared by the plague. The coopers were loyal to the duke. Their dance symbolized perseverance and loyalty to authority. The dance is done in Munich every seven years. In 1700, the dance was said to be a tradition. However, the dance was only written down in 1871.

At the end of the show, a very small gold rooster at the top of the Glockenspiel chirps three times. It shows that it is the end of the stories.

## Restoration

In 2007, the glockenspiel had a restoration. It was supported by the German Foundation for Monument Protection.

## Other websites

- An illustrated story about the Glockenspiel
- Waiting on the Glockenspiel
- Life-size characters: https://www.munich.travel/en/topics/urban-districts/glockenspiel-new-city-hall
Wayback Machine (Peabody's Improbable History)

The **Wayback Machine** or **WABAC Machine** is a fictional time machine from the "Peabody's Improbable History" segment of the 1960s cartoon _The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show_.

## _The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show_

The Wayback Machine is the main element of the "Peabody's Improbable History" segment. It was invented by Mr. Peabody, a genius, polymath, and bow tie-wearing beagle, as a birthday gift for his adopted pet boy, Sherman. With the Wayback, Peabody and Sherman have all sorts of adventures through different times and places. Examples of the places or people visited are
the Marquess of Queensberry and the rules of boxing, the imprisonment and memoirs of Casanova, and Jim Bowie and the Bowie knife.  The machine apparently later returned Mr. Peabody and Sherman to the present, although the return trip was never shown. The segment traditionally ended with a pun.

The Wayback is also a translator.

Either of the names "Wayback" or "WABAC" are in common usage, with the term "WAYBACK" are spoken out during the segment in which Mr. Peabody and Sherman visit the "Charge of the Light Brigade".  The precise meaning of the acronym WABAC is unknown. According to Gerard Baldwin, one of the show's directors, the name "WABAC" is a reference to the UNIVAC I.  Mid-century, large-sized computers often had names that ended in "AC" (generally for "Automatic/Analogue Computer" or similar), such as ENIAC or UNIVAC. The term "Wayback" suggests the common expression "way back in [some former time]".

## _Mr. Peabody and Sherman_ film (2014)

The movie studio DreamWorks Animation announced in 2006 and again in 2012 that they were creating an animated movie entitled _Mr. Peabody & Sherman_, which was released March 7, 2014. The WABAC machine is a central element to the plot. In the movie, the acronym is revealed to be Wavelength Acceleration Bidirectional Asynchronous Controller (WABAC).

## See also

- _Back to the Future_ (film)
- DeLorean time machine
- Memory hole
- TARDIS
- Time travel
ToeJam & Earl

***ToeJam & Earl*** is an action roguelike video game. It was published by Sega and was developed by Johnson Voorsanger Productions.

It was released on October 15, 1991 in North America, in November 1991 in Europe, and on March 13, 1992 in Japan. The game was released on the Sega Genesis. The game would later be released in December 2006 for the Wii's Virtual Console, on November 2012 for both the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade, and on December 16, 2021 for the Nintendo Switch Online + Expansion Pack.

The game had low sales but later became a sleeper hit.

The game is about two alien rappers named ToeJam and Earl. The player controls the two as they adventure through randomly generated levels to try and find pieces of their broken spaceship which was destroyed after they crashed on Earth so they can escape.

A sequel titled _ToeJam & Earl in Panic on Funkotron_ was released on December 1993.

## Reception

The game recieved positive reviews by game critics. Critics said that they liked the graphics, humor, music and that they had fun playing the game. However, critics also felt that the combat was slow and it was too easy.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: ToeJam & Earl
- **developer**: Johnson Voorsanger Productions
- **publisher**: Sega
- **producer**: Scott Berfield
- **designer**: Greg Johnson (game designer), Greg Johnson
- **programmer**: Mark Voorsanger
- **composer**: John Baker
- **platforms**: Sega Genesis, Genesis
- **genre**: Action game, Action, roguelike
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
Jeremy Allen White

**Jeremy Allen White** (born February 17, 1991) is an American actor. He played Phillip "Lip" Gallagher in the comedy-drama series _Shameless_ (2011–2021) and chef Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto in the comedy-drama series _The Bear_ (2022–present). For the latter, he received a Primetime Emmy Award and two Golden Globe Awards.

## Early life

Jeremy Allen White was born in the Brooklyn borough of New York City on February 17, 1991, to parents Eloise Ziegler and Richard White. He grew up in Brooklyn's Carroll Gardens neighborhood. His mother is from North Carolina. Throughout elementary school, White was a dancer who performed ballet, jazz, and tap dance. Upon entering a new middle school dance program at the age of 13, he decided to pursue acting. He attended the Professional Performing Arts School in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan.

## Personal life

White met actress Addison Timlin in 2008 when they were both 17 while filming _Afterschool_. They married in 2019. They have two daughters, born October 2018 and December 2020. Timlin filed for divorce in May 2023. He has been in a relationship with Spanish singer Rosalía since that fall.

## Career

White had his first acting roles in 2006, first in the film _Beautiful Ohio_ and then in the series _Conviction_. In 2011, he landed his breakout role as Phillip "Lip" Gallagher on the Showtime series _Shameless_. He also appeared in _Homecoming_ in 2018.

### Film

|Year|Title|Role|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2006|_Beautiful Ohio_|Young Clive|||
|rowspan="2"|2007|_The Speed of Life_|Sammer||
|_Aquarium_|David||||
|rowspan="2"|2008|_The Fourth_|Ryan|Short film; writer; producer|
|_Afterschool_|Dave||||
|2009|_Gloria & Eric_|Eric|Short film||
|2010|_Twelve_|Charlie|||
|2012|_The Time Being_|Gus|||
|rowspan="2"|2013|_Movie 43_|Kevin Miller|Segment: "Homeschooled"|
|_Bad Turn Worse_|Bobby||||
|2014|_Rob the Mob_|Robert Uva|||
|2017|_Chasing You_|Ben|||
|rowspan="2"|2018|_After Everything_|Elliot||
|_Cornflower_|Ladle|Short film|||
|rowspan="2"|2020|_The Rental_|Josh||
|_Viena and the Fantomes_|Freddy||||
|2021|_The Birthday Cake_|Tommaso|||
|rowspan="3"|2023|_Fremont_|Daniel||
|_Fingernails_|Ryan||||
|_The Iron Claw_|Kerry Von Erich||||
|TBA|_You Can't Win_ †|Smiler|Post-production||

### Television

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2006|_Conviction_|Jack Phelps|Episode: "Deliverance"|||
|rowspan="2"|2007–2008|rowspan="2"|_Law & Order_|Jeremy|Episode: "Melting Pot"|
|Andy Steel|Episode: "Driven"|||||
|2010|_Law & Order: Special Victims Unit_|Michael Parisi|Episode: "Torch"|||
|2011–2021|_Shameless_|Phillip "Lip" Gallagher|Main role; 134 episodes|||
|2018|_Homecoming_|Shrier|4 episodes|||
|2022–present|_The Bear_|Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto|Main role|||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jeremy Allen White
- **image**: Jeremy Allen White Springsteen-33 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: White in 2013
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 2006–present
- **children**: 2
Asura's Wrath

is an action video game. It was published by Capcom and was developed by CyberConnect2.

It was released on February 21, 2012 in North America, February 23, 2012 in Australia, February 23, 2012 in Japan, February 24, 2012 in Europe, and on March 9, 2012 in United Kingdom. The game was released on the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.

The game is portrayed in an episodic format. It is about Azura, a demigod in the Eight Guardian Generals. He gets betrayed by other demigods. He seeks revenge on them after they kidnap his daughter and murder his wife. Azura travels to the human world to hunt down and kill the rest of Guardian Generals.

There was DLC released for the game on . It is a two-dimensional fighting mode and features the characters Ryu/Evil Ryu and Akuma/Oni from _Super Street Fighter IV_ as enemies.

## Reception

The game recieved mixed and positive reviews by game critics. Critics said that they liked the story, presentation, and "interactive anime" style. However, critics also felt that the combat was repetitive and the quick-times events were not inspiring.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Asura's Wrath
- **developer**: CyberConnect2
- **publisher**: Capcom
- **director**: Seiji Shimoda
- **producer**: Kazuhiro Tsuchiya
- **artist**: Koki Yamaguchi
Yusuke Tokitsu
- **composer**: Chikayo Fukuda
- **writer**: Kei Shigema
Yasuhiro Noguchi
Seiji Shimoda
Tomohiro Takeda
Shinsaku Sawamura
- **engine**: Unreal Engine 3
- **platforms**: PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
- **genre**: Action game, Action, beat 'em up, rail shooter
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
Bacoor

**Bacoor** is a1st class Component city in the province of Cavite in the Philippines, is the 15th most populous city and the second largest city in the province after Dasmariñas.
General Trias

**General Trias** is a 1st class component city the province of Cavite, Philippines. It became a city since October 13, 2015. It is one of the fastest growing city in the province.
Santa Rosa, Laguna

**Santa Rosa City, Laguna** is a 1st class Component city in the province of Laguna, is the second largest city in terms of in government unit in the province, It is one of the fastest urban cities in Laguna.
Biñan

**Biñan City** is a 1st class Component city in the province of Laguna , it is part of the Urban Laguna as the suburban regional outisde Metro Manila, between the cities of San Pedro and Sta. Rosa.

The South Woods City is located at the city.
Houston, Ohio

**Houston** is a town in Ohio. It has a population of 378 people as of 2024. It was founded in 1924 by Jonathan Edri.
Cabuyao

**Cabuyao City** is a 1st class Component city in the province of Laguna or also known as _Tabuko City_, it is one of the richest municipalities known for its numerous industrial and residential inside the Urban Laguna.
San Pedro, Laguna

**San Pedro City, Laguna** is a 3rd class Component city in the province of Laguna, known its name for the patron of Saint Peter and the Rooster City and Sampaguita City in the province, The city is the Gateway of the South Luzon outside and inside of Metro Manila along kilometers in the city of Muntinlupa and Biñan.
San Pablo, Laguna

**San Pablo City, Laguna** is a 1st class Component city in Laguna province, also known as the "City of the Seven Lakes" and one of the oldest cities in the Philippines since 1940s. It is the largest city of Laguna before Calamba City the regional center of Calabarzon.
Chaitra Reddy

**Chaitra Reddy** is an Indian Actress, who mainly works in the Kannada and Tamil languages. She made her Sandalwood debut in _Rugged_. She is mainly known for her role of Kayal in the _Kayal_ Serial (2021).

Chaitra Reddy has gained recognition for her versatile acting skills in both television and films. Apart from her work in Kannada and Tamil industries, she has also appeared in various popular TV serials that have helped her build a strong fan base.

### Films

|Year|Name|Role|Language|Notes|Ref|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2019|_Rugged_|Nandini|Kannada|Film debut as lead actress||
|2022|_Valimai_|Latha|Tamil|Supporting Role||
|_Vishamakaran_|Tarangini|Lead Role||||

### Television

|Year|Name|Role|Language|Notes|Ref||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2014-2016|_Avanu Mathe Shravani_|Shravani|Kannada|TV Debut as a lead actress|||
|2016-2017|_Kalyanam Mudhal Kadhal Varai_|Priya|rowspan="2"|Tamil|Lead Role; Replaced actress Priya Bhavani Shankar||
|2017-2021|_Yaaradi Nee Mohini_|Swetha|Negative Role||||
|2019-2020|_Subhadra Parinayam_|Subhadra|Telugu|rowspan="3"|Lead role||
|2021–present|_Kayal_|Kayalvizhi Muthuvel|rowspan ="3"|Tamil|||
|2023|_Maaya Thotta_|Maya|||||
|2024-present|_Top Cooku Dupe Cooku (season 1)_|Contestant|||||

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: ChaitraR.jpg
- **caption**: Reddy in interview
- **birth name**: Chaitra Latha Reddy
- **birth place**: Bangalore, Karnataka
- **nationality**: Indian
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 2014–present
- **spouse**: Rakesh Samala
Sidharth Bharathan

**Sidharth Bharathan** (; born 26 May 1983) is an Indian actor, screenwriter and film director who mainly works in Malayalam films. He had his acting debut in _Nammal_ (2002) and directional debut in _Nidra_ (2012).

## Early and Personal life

Sidharth was born on 26 May 1983 to film director Bharathan and actress K. P. A. C Lalitha. He was married to Anju Mohan Das since 12 December 2008 for about five years and later divorced in 2013. On 31 August 2019, he married Sujina and they have a daughter

### As an actor

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|Ref|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2002|_Nammal_|Shyam|Debut film||
|2004|_Youth Festival_|Arjun|||
|_Kakkakarumban_|Ramesan||||
|_Rasikan_|Sudhi||||
|_Ennittum_|Jeeth||||
|2012|_Nidra_|Raju|Also director||
|_Spirit_|Sameer||||
|2013|_Rebecca Uthup Kizhakkemala_|Arjun|||
|_Olipporu_|||||
|2015|_Njan Ninnodu Koodeyundu_||||
|2016|_Koppayile Kodumkattu_||||
|2023|_Vela_|SI Ashok Kumar|||
|2024|_Bramayugam_|Kodumon Potti's cook|||
||||Upcoming film||
||||Upcoming film||

### As a director

|Year|Title|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- |
|2012|_Nidra_||
|2015|_Chandrettan Evideya_||
|2017|_Varnyathil Aashanka_||
|2022|_Chathuram_||
|2023|_ Djinn_||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sidharth Bharathan
- **image**: Sidharth Bharathan 2017.jpg
- **birth place**: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- **alma mater**: SRM Institute of Science and Technology
- **years active**: 2002–present
- **children**: 1
- **spouse**:

- **father**: Bharathan
- **mother**: K. P. A. C Lalitha
Sclerotium

***Sclerotium*** is a genus, or group of fungi. It was first described in 1790. The _Sclerotium_ genus includes fungi that develop sclerotia and whose mycelia are unable to reproduce. Sclerotia are small circular structures that are typically brown or black in colour. A diverse range of fungi are found in this genus. _Sclerotium complanatum_ was the first official species in this genus. _Sclerotium rolfsii_ is the most common and most well-researched species in the genus _Sclerotium_. This is because S_. rolfsii_ is a destructive plant pathogen.

### Sclerotium Rolfsii

The most common plant pathogen of this group is _S. rolfsii_. _S. rolfsii_ is a very destructive fungus that causes disease. It can infect a wide variety of hosts, over 500 species across the world. Many of the hosts for this fungus are crops that are important to the economy, such as peanut, tomato, chickpea, onion, and sesame. _S. rolfsii_ causes Southern Blight mainly in environments that are hot and humid, particularly tropical and subtropical. Southern Blight refers to a variety of diseases including seedling damping-off, crown and root rot, and dry rot canker. When infecting plants, it releases chemicals that break down plant enzymes, called cellulases />. This causes the cell wall of plant cells to break down.

Like all members of this group, _S. rolfsii_ produces sclerotia. These sclerotia can remain in the soil for years after being produced. _S. rolfsii_ is considered a facultative parasite, meaning it does not rely on its host to complete its life cycle. Because this is a danger to crops throughout the world, fungicides are used to control it. There is concern that _S. rolfsii_ will develop resistance to many common fungicides used against it.

## Identification

You can distinguish members of this genus based on the sclerotia produced. Different species will have sclerotia of different sizes, numbers, and appearance. For example, the sclerotia of _S. rolfsii_ are dark brown, small, smooth, and occur in large numbers. The sclerotia of _S. delphinii_ are larger and red-brown in colour. The sclerotia of _S. coffeicola_ are large, tan, and do not occur in large numbers.

To identify the species reliably, one should look at a few things. First, look at the shape and size of the sclerotia. Second, look at the host or the organism that produced the sclerotia. Third, look at where in the world the fungus was found, because growth of different species in this genus varies on climate.

## Composition

Sclerotia are small, circular structures that are typically brown or black in colour. Each sclerotia has three distinct cell layers. The outer layer, called the **rind**, is a layer of dark coloured cells that are typically closely packed together. The middle layer of cells is called the **cortex**. The cells of the cortex are also tightly packed together. The cortex is thicker than the rind. The layer in the centre is called the **medulla**. The cells in this layer have a looser arrangement. Even though each sclerotia has these three layers, the cellular characteristics of these layers may vary across species.
Daedalichthys

***Daedalichthys*** is an extinct genus of palaeoniscoid fish from the Lower Triassic period. Not much is known about it, but experts may suggest it is 20 cm long.

## Related pages

- List of prehistoric bony fish genera
- Palaeoperca
- Serranidae

## References

1. <small>Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". _Bulletins of American Paleontology_. **364**: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-02-27.</small>
Andinobates fulguritus

The **yellowbelly poison frog**, **yellow-bellied poison-arrow frog**, or **yellow-bellied poison frog** (_Andinobates fulguritus_) is a frog.  It lives in Panama and Colombia.

## Body

The adult frog is 13.5 to 16.5 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of its back has some bumps on it. The skin of the belly has some bumps on it but not as many as on the back. The frog's nose looks round from the side. It has a round eardrum. There is no webbed skin on any of its four feet. The skin of the frog's back is gold, yellow, or yellow-green in color. It has black stripes. The sides of the body are black in color. The belly is yellow in color with some black marks. There are two black marks on the neck. The iris of the eye is black in color.

## Home

This frog lives on the ground in rainforests. People have seen this frog between 160 and 800 meters above sea level.

## Name

The frog's Latin name, _fulguritus_, means "struck by lightning."

## Young

The male frog looks for a good place to lay eggs. He shows the female where it is. After she lays her eggs, the male frog visits them. When the eggs hatch, the male frog carries the tadpoles on his back. He takes them to water in bromeliad plants.

Female frogs are old enough to lay eggs when they are nine months old.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out, but it is in some danger. Human beings change the places where it lives to make farms, make towns, and get wood to build with. Chemicals meant to kill pests and chemicals meant to make farm plants grow can also hurt this frog.

Some of the places this frog lives are protected parks: Parque Nacional Chagres and Area de Manejo Especial Nusagandi are two of them.
Congo Crisis

The **Congo Crisis** was a crisis that happened  in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, between 1960 and 1965. It began shortly after the country had become independent. It had been a colony of Belgium before. The country became independent on June 30, 1960. The crisis began almost immediately after the country had become independent. Unofficially, it ended, when  Joseph-Désiré Mobutu controlled all of the territory. When the country beame independent, there as hope and optimism, but there were also many challenges. Directly after independence, The central government was led by Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba. Congo is a large country, there are many ethnic groups. Some parts of the country also wanted to become independent of the Comgo. There were ethnic conflics. Lumbumba had to solve all of these issues.

As with many other conflicts in Africa, other countries also entered the conflict. They had economic interests, and wanted to get contol over natural resources. In the Congo crisis, this interference played an important role. These countries were Belgium, the United States, and the Soviet Union. It was the era of the Cold War, which was also marked by auch proxy conflicts.

Lmbumba tried to get the support of the Soviet Union. This led to more tensions with other countries. Later in 1960, Lumbumba was dismissed from office, under murky circumstances. This led to more instability. President Joseph Kasa-Vubu asked Belgium for help.  Congolese army leader Colonel Joseph Mobutu seized power in a coup in 1960. Western Powers backed  Mobuto, as they saw him as stabilizing force.  The conflict then escalated, into a fully-blown proxy conflict with many different fractions,which were each supported by different powers. Lumbumba was captured in 1961. Later he was murdered. This murder is believed to have been helped by Belgium. Possibly the CIA was involved too. This led to more instability.

The Congo Crisis led to a lot of instabiliy for a long time. In the end, there was the autohriatrian rule of  Mobutu Sese Seko, who would dominate Congolese politics for decades.

Evan after decades, the Congo still has problems related to this crisis. Some of these problems were regional tensions, and widespread corruption.
Philipp Semlic

**Philipp Semlic** (born April 21, 1983 in Vorau) is a former Austrian football player and current coach.

## Career

Semlic began his career at SVH Waldbach. For the 2006/07 season he moved to USC Sonnhofen. After four seasons at Sonnhofen, he ended his career in 2010 at the age of 27.

## Manager career

Semlic worked as a youth coach at TSV Hartberg from January 2010. From 2012 to 2013 he was also an assistant coach for the first team. After the 2012/13 season he left Hartberg. Semlic coached the SK Sturm Graz women's team as caretaker in September 2013. He soon e was replaced by Markus Hiden and remained as an individual coach for the Graz women. From January 2014 he was assistance coach to Roland Spreitzer at USC Sonnhofen.

In January 2015 he became the coach of the fifth-class amateurs of TSV Hartberg. For the 2016/17 season he became head coach of Hartberg's third-class first team together with Uwe Hölzl.  Under Semlic and Hölzl Hartberg was promoted to the 2nd league. After promotion, Semlic left Hartberger and became a coach at the SK Sturm Graz academy.

In January 2020 he became the coach of the second division club SV Lafnitz. After three and a half years, he left the club after the 2022/23 season. In autumn 2023, Semlic acquired the UEFA Pro License from the Austrian Football Association, the highest license for professional coaches.

During the 2023/24 winter break he then took over league rivals SKN St. Pölten. After eleven games in office, of which the SKN was only able to win three, Semlic resigned from his position in May 2024. For the 2024/25 season, Semlic took over the Bundesliga club WSG Tirol as Thomas Silberberger's successor.
Malandra Burrows

**Malandra Elizabeth Burrows** (_née_ **Newman**; born 4 November 1965) is an English actress and singer. She is best known for portraying the role of Kathy Glover in ITV soap opera _Emmerdale_ (1985–2001, 2005).

## Career

Burrows' acting career began with minor roles in the Channel 4 soap opera _Brookside_.

In November 1985, Burrows began portraying Kathy Bates in the ITV soap opera _Emmerdale_, becoming one of the programme's longest-running characters. She departed the show in December 2001. In late 2005, Burrows returned for four episodes for the funeral of long-running character, Seth Armstrong (Stan Richards).

## Filmography

|Year|Title|Role|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1983|rowspan="2"|_Brookside_|Sue|Episode: "Campaign Plan"|
|1985|Lisa Morrissey|2 episodes|||
|1985–2001, 2005|_Emmerdale_|rowspan="2"|Kathy Glover|Regular role; 1,528 episodes|
|1998|_Emmerdale: Revenge_|Spin-off film|||
|2002|_The Weakest Link_|rowspan="5"|Herself|Contestant; 1 episode|
|2004|_Simply the Best_|Contestant; 2 episodes|||
|2006|_I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!_|Contestant (series 6)|||
|2022|''Lorraine|1 episode|||
|2023|_The Big Soap Quiz_|Episode 12|||

## Other websites

- Interview post leaving Emmerdale

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Malandra Burrows
- **caption**: Malandra Burrows
- **birth name**: Malandra Elizabeth Newman
- **birth place**: Liverpool, Woolton, Liverpool, Lancashire, England
- **othername**: Malandra Newman
- **years active**: 1972–present
- **known for**: _Emmerdale_
- **children**: 1
Psychologs

|class="infobox-label" scope="row"|Editor in Chief|
| --- | --- |
|colspan="2" class="infobox-image"|<div class="infobox-caption">Psychologs Magazine</div>|
|class="infobox-data"|Arvind Otta|
|class="infobox-data"|Mental Health Magazine|
|class="infobox-data"|Monthly|
|class="infobox-data"|Utsaah Psychological Services Pvt. Ltd.|
|class="infobox-data"|India|
|class="infobox-data"|Delhi|
|class="infobox-data"|English|
|class="infobox-data"|Official Website|
|class="infobox-data"|2583-4193|
**Psychologs **is a mental health print magazine publishing in English in Delhi, India. The magazine focuses on mental health well being and the rights of the person with mental illness in India.  It's a space for mental health professionals to share their knowledge, expertise and perspectives on various mental health topics with the people who need information on mental health wellbeing through articles, interviews and expert opinion.

## Circulation and readership

Monthly circulation of print magazine is 1,50,000 in India, with 12.25 readers per magazine. Psychologs Magazine's directory for mental health professionals and rehabilitation professionals is widely used in India.

## Notable contributors

There are many notable contributors like:

- Jagannath Prasad Das
- Girishwar Misra

## Other websites

- Psychologs.com
Climate of Norway

Norway is a country located in Scandinavia in Northern Europe.
Norway has both an oceanic climate and a continental climate.
Sometimes summers can be warm, however mostly they aren’t.
In most parts of Norway, winters are usually very cold.

## Temperature Records

The highest temperature ever recorded in Norway was  on 20 June 1970 in Nesbyen, the lowest temperature ever recorded in Norway was  on 1 January 1886 in Karasjok.

## Highest temperatures measured in Norway

|Location|Temperature|Date|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Oslo||27 July 2018|
|Bergen||26 July 2019|
|Stavanger||26 July 2018|
|Drammen||3 August 1982|
|Kristiansand||6 August 1975|
|Tromsø||1 July 1972|
|Trondheim||22 July 1901|
|Mosjøen||27 July 2019|
|Notodden||27 July 2018|
|Hammerfest||2 July 2022|
|Frosta||17 July 2025|
|Longyearbyen||25 July 2020|
|Jan Mayen||21 June 1953|

## Lowest temperatures measured in Norway

|Location|Temperature|Date|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Oslo||19 January 1941|
|Bergen||11 January 1987|
|Tromsø||3 February 1966|
|Jan Mayen||22 February 1963|
|Longyearbyen||4 March 1986|
Ivan, Texas

**Ivan, Texas** is a small town in the U.S. state of Texas in Stephens county at the junction of 67 Road. As of 2020, it had a population of at least thirteen. It became a town in the 1970's with a population of more than sixty-one. It is situated  southeast to Possum Kingdom State Parkin Caddo, Texas, and southwest to Breckenridge, Texas.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Ivan, Texas
- **settlement type**: Town
- **pushpin map**: United States
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type2**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name2**: Texas
- **subdivision type3**: Region
- **subdivision name3**: North Texas
- **subdivision type4**: List of counties in Texas, County
- **subdivision name4**: Stephens County, Texas, Stephens, Texas
Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign

The **2024 presidential campaign of Kamala Harris** was an unsuccessful presidential campaign of Kamala Harris, the 49th vice president. Harris ran for president in the 2024 presidential election after she began her campaign on July 21, 2024, after Joe Biden ended his campaign. That day, Biden said he supported her to be the next president.

Harris was not a candidate in any of the Democratic primary elections. Joe Biden won the primary elections, but the delegates at the 2024 Democratic National Convention are allowed to vote for her, because Biden ended his campaign.

By July 22, most of the delegates said they would vote for Harris, enough for her to become the presumptive nominee. On August 6, 2024, Harris picked Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her running mate.

In November 2024, the Harris-Walz ticked lost the election to then-former President Donald Trump and then-Ohio U.S. Senator JD Vance.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Kamala Harris for President 2024
- **campaign**: 2024 United States presidential election, 2024 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: **Kamala Harris**
49th Vice President of the United States (_2021–2025_)
**Tim Walz**
41st Governor of Minnesota (_2019–present_)
- **status**: Announced: July21, 2024
Presumptive nominee: July22, 2024
Official nominee: August5, 2024
Lost election: November6, 2024
- **cand id**: P80000722
- **fec date**: October16, 2024
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **headquarters**: Wilmington, Delaware
- **receipts**: 1,157,291,580.28
- **themesong**: "Freedom (Beyoncé song), Freedom" by Beyoncé featuring Kendrick Lamar (_Harris_)
"Small Town" by John Mellencamp (_Walz_)
History of the Jews in Russia

The history of Jews in Russia and nearby areas goes back at least 1,500 years. Jews in Russia have always been a large religious and ethnic group. At one point, the Russian Empire had the largest Jewish population in the world. In these regions, mostly Ashkenazi Jewish communities thrived and developed many important parts of modern Judaism. They also faced antisemitism, discriminatory policies, and violent attacks called pogroms. Since the beginning of the 21st century, some say there has been a "renaissance" in the Jewish community in Russia. However, the number of Jews in Russia has sharply decreased since the Soviet Union fell apart and continues to go down, although it is still one of the largest Jewish populations in Europe.
Pierre Lequiller

**Pierre Lequiller** (born 4 December 1949) is a French politician. He graduated from HEC Paris and Sciences Po. He was member of the National Assembly for Yvelines's 4th constituency, replaced by Marie Lebec.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Pierre Lequiller
- **image**: Pierre Lequiller par Claude Truong-Ngoc mai 2013.jpg
- **occupation**: Politics
- **alma mater**: HEC Paris
Sciences Po
Liya

**Abdulsalam Suliyat Modasola** well known as **Liya**, is a Nigerian singer, and songwriter.  She came into the music scene with the release of her first single under Davido Music Worldwide, titled "Melo", shortly after signing a record deal with the label in 2020. The accompanying music video for "Melo", was released on 8 December 2020, starring Davido, and directed by Dammy Twitch for DMW. She was formerly signed to Davido Music Worldwide from 2020 to early 2023. She began releasing songs independently in 2023.

## Discography

- Studio album and EP

- _Alari_ - EP (2021)

### Singles

|scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"|Title|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Year|colspan="3"|Chart positions|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Certifications|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Album|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|2020|—|—|—||rowspan="2"||||
|—|—|—||||||||
|—|—|—||_Alari_||||||
|rowspan="2"|2022|—|—|—||||||
|—|—|—||||||||

### Guest appearances

|scope="col" style="width:16em;"|Title|scope="col"|Year|scope="col"|Other artist(s)|scope="col"|Album|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="1"|2021|Ejoya|_Class of '21_|||||
|2022|Simi|_To Be Honest Tour_||||||

## Accolades

|Year|Event|Prize|Recipient|Result|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2022|The Headies|Best Vocal Performance (Female)|Liya for "Alari"||

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Liya
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Abdulsalam Suliyat Modasola
- **birth date**: 1999
- **origin**: Nigerian
- **genre**: Afro-Fusion
- **years active**: 2020–present
- **associated acts**: Davido
- **instrument**: Vocals
Santo Tomas, Batangas

**Santo Tomas City, Batangas** is a 1st class component city in the province of Batangas, The city is named of patron Saint Tomas, It borders the Calamba City, Los Baños, Tanauan and Malvar. Santo Tomas City is a vast city, it numerous residential and industrial outside Metro Manila and Urban Laguna.
The Exploration Company

**The Exploration Company** is an aerospace company aimed at advancing space exploration and technology. Its goal is to make space accessible for research, commercial, and exploration purposes. The company has been developing cutting-edge spacecraft and exploration systems.

## History

The Exploration Company was established by a group of aerospace engineers and entrepreneurs who wanted a future where space would be more accessible to both public and private sectors. The founders, drawing on their extensive experience in the aerospace industry, sought to create a company that could develop reliable and cost-effective solutions for space missions.

Initially, the company focused on designing and testing small satellites and exploration probes. These initial projects provided experience and laid the groundwork for more ambitious endeavours.

The Exploration Company soon secured significant contracts with various governmental space agencies and private sector clients. This period marked a rapid expansion in the company’s operations and capabilities. The Exploration Company has set its sights on manned missions and the establishment of permanent human presence on other celestial bodies. The company’s long-term vision includes the development of infrastructure for space habitats and the facilitation of space tourism.
The Gift Of Chess

**The Gift of Chess** is a global initiative dedicated to promoting the game of chess as a tool for education, personal development, and social change.

## History

The Gift of Chess was founded with the mission of making chess accessible to everyone, regardless of socioeconomic background. The organization’s founders believed that chess could be a powerful educational tool that enhances critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and cognitive development. By providing chess sets and educational resources, The Gift of Chess seeks to democratize access to the game and foster a love of learning and strategic thinking.

In its early years, The Gift of Chess focused on distributing chess sets to schools, community centers, and youth organizations. The initiative quickly gained traction, with donations and support pouring in from chess enthusiasts and philanthropists. The organization’s efforts were initially concentrated in underserved communities in the United States, but it soon expanded its reach to other countries.

As The Gift of Chess grew, it established partnerships with various educational institutions, non-profit organizations, and chess federations around the world. These collaborations enabled the organization to reach a wider audience and provide more comprehensive support. The Gift of Chess began organizing tournaments, workshops, and training sessions to further promote the game and support emerging talents.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: The Gift of Chess
- **formation**: EST December 2020
- **founder**: Russell Makofsky
- **purpose**: Humanitarian
- **headquarters**: 308 West 46th Street, New York City, New York, New York, 10036
- **language**: English
- **key people**: Tony Ballard (Director of Prison Outreach)

Tunde Onakoya (Director of Educational Outreach)

Josh Julian (Director of Refugee Outreach)

Susan Namangale (Global Head of The Gift of Chess)
- **affiliations**: United Nations
- **staff**: 30 Ambassadors
- **volunteers**: 1000+
- **website**: https://www.thegiftofchess.org
Tanauan, Batangas

**Tanauan City, Batangas**, is a 1st class Component city in the province of Batangas, It borders the Calamba City to the northeast, Santo Tomas City to the east, Taal, to the west and Malvar to the southwest.

Tanauan is a chartered city among with Lipa before Calaca and Santo Tomas.
Trece Martires

**Trece Martires City**, is a 1st class Component city in the province of Cavite, is the (_de facto_) capitol before Imus. Trece Martires is situated at the middle of the province.

The city is named after the thirteen martyrs in the Philippine history.
Tayabas

**Tayabas City** is a 1st class Component city in the province of Quezon. It borders in Lucena City, Mauban, Lucban and Sampaloc.
Teater Tun Siti Hasmah

The play ***Teater Tun Siti Hasmah*** is about Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, the wife of former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. Directed by Erma Fatima, it starred Lisa Surihani, Eja, Nazim Othman, and Esma Danial. The play shows Siti Hasmah's early life as a doctor and her journey to becoming Malaysia's first lady. It was performed in November 2012 at Istana Budaya, Malaysia's main theater venue known as the "Palace of Culture."
Angeles City

**Angeles City** is a 1st class Highly urbanized city in the province of Pampanga, It named known for as the "Angel City" of the Philippines it is situated at the junction road of the capital city of San Fernando City.
God Hand

is a beat 'em up video game. It was published by Capcom and was developed by Clover Studio.

It was released on September 14, 2006 in Japan, October 10, 2006 in North America, February 16, 2007 in Europe, and on February 21, 2007 in Australia. The game was released for the PlayStation 2. The game would later be released for download as a PS2 Classic on the PlayStation 3.

The game is about a martial artist named Gene who has the "God Hand", a godly power within his arms. He uses this power to defeat demons and stop the Four Devas from bringing a Demon King named Angra back to life and destroying the world.

## Reception

The game received mixed and average reviews by game critics. Critics said that they liked the combat, large amount of moves, and humor. However, critics also felt that the gameplay was repetitive and level design was not very creative.

IGN would write a notorious negative review of the game, giving it a 3/10 and saying that it was a "boring, annoying and frustrating game." They would later change their minds and write an article in 2019, saying that the game was "amazing".

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: God Hand
- **image**: God Hand logo black.svg
- **developer**: Clover Studio
- **publisher**: Capcom
- **director**: Shinji Mikami
- **producer**: Atsushi Inaba
- **designer**: Hiroki Kato
- **programmer**: Kiyohiko Sakata
- **artist**: Masaki Yamanaka
- **writer**: Hiroki Kato
- **composer**: Masafumi Takada
Jun Fukuda
- **platforms**: PlayStation 2
- **genre**: Beat 'em up
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player
Istana Budaya

**Istana Budaya**, also called the **Palace of Culture**, is Malaysia's main place for theater, music, and opera. It's in Kuala Lumpur, near the National Art Gallery. It was opened in 1999 by Malaysian Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad.

From September 24 to October 4, 2010, Istana Budaya hosted _Mahathir, the Musical_.
The Fairly OddParents (franchise)

***The Fairly OddParents*** is a media franchise created by Butch Hartman for Nickelodeon. It officially began as a series, in 2001 originated from the shorts on _Oh Yeah! Cartoons_ from 1998. As a result of the series, by-products were launched, including video games, theme park attractions, figurines, and toys.

## Series

- _The Fairly OddParents_ (1998-2000, 2001-2017)
- _The Fairly OddParents: Fairly Odder_ (2022)
- _The Fairly OddParents: A New Wish_ (2024-present)

## Films

- _The Fairly OddParents: Abra-Catastrophe_ (2003)
- _The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour_ (2004)
- _Jimmy Timmy Power Hour 2: When Nerds Collide_ (2006)
- _Jimmy Timmy Power Hour 3: The Jerkinators_ (2006)

- _A Fairly Odd Movie: Grow Up Timmy Turner_ (2011)
- _A Fairly Odd Christmas_ (2012)
- _A Fairly Odd Summer_ (2014)
- Untitled _The Fairly OddParents_ animated film (TBA)

## Video Games

- _Enter the Cleft_ (2002)
- _Breakin' Da Rules_ (2003)
- _Shadow Showdown_ (2004)

- _Clash with the Anti-World_ (2006)
Polyscytalum

The genus _Polyscytalum_ is a group of fungi that is important for its role as a pathogen of potatoes.

## Habitat

The usual habitat of _Polyscytalum_ fungi is the colder and damper regions of Europe and Asia.

## Disease

The fungus _Polyscytalum pustulans_ (formerly known as _Oosporia pustulans)_ can cause potato skin spot disease. The infection most often enters the potato plant through the lenticel at the base of the base of the stem. Once inside, the fungus will spread across the roots of the plant and infect any new potatoes the plant grows. The infection results in raised circular patches of rot on the potato tubers. These only appear after around 6–12 weeks of storage.

The disease is usually spread by planting infected potatoes in the ground. The fungus can also live in the soil for up to 5 years and then infect healthy potatoes directly from there.