juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Duodecimal

The **duodecimal** system (also known as **base-12** or **dozenal**) is a base twelve number system. This means that it has 12 digits to represent numbers, instead of the 10 that decimal uses. In other words, it can represent numbers from zero to eleven with just one digit.

Twelve has more factors than any smaller number. As a result, duodecimal is considered better than decimal with fractions. Duodecimal can handle halves, thirds, quarters, and sixths with very simple fractions. Decimal only has very simple fractions for halves and fifths.

## How to represent 10 and 11 in duodecimal

There are no numerical symbols that represent 10 and 11 in duodecimal, so letters taken from the English alphabet are used, specifically **X** (from the Roman numeral for ten) and **E** (from the initial of eleven). Some people use **A** and **B** (as ann and bet) as well.

Edna Kramer in her 1951 book _The Main Stream of Mathematics_ used ***** and **#** for 10 and 11. The symbols were chosen because they are available in typewriters and push-button telephones.

This article uses **↊** (dec) and **↋** (elf) for 10 and 11.

## Duodecimal values

<div style=display:inline-grid>
|Decimal|Duodecimal|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align=right|0|align=right|0|
|align=right|1|align=right|1|
|align=right|2|align=right|2|
|align=right|3|align=right|3|
|align=right|4|align=right|4|
|align=right|5|align=right|5|
|align=right|6|align=right|6|
|align=right|7|align=right|7|
|align=right|8|align=right|8|
|align=right|9|align=right|9|
|align=right|10|align=right|↊|
|align=right|11|align=right|↋|
|align=right|12|align=right|10|
|align=right|13|align=right|11|
|align=right|23|align=right|1↋|
|align=right|24|align=right|20|
|align=right|25|align=right|21|
|align=right|50|align=right|42|
|align=right|60|align=right|50|
|align=right|100|align=right|84|
|align=right|140|align=right|↋8|
|align=right|500|align=right|358|
|align=right|720|align=right|500|
|align=right|1,000|align=right|6↋4|
|align=right|1,727|align=right|↋↋↋|
|align=right|1,728|align=right|1,000|
<div style=display:inline-grid>
|fraction (decimal)|Decimal|duodecimal||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align=left|1/2|align=left|0.5|align=left|0;6|
|align=left|1/3|align=left|0.|align=left|0;4|
|align=left|2/3|align=left|0.|align=left|0;8|
|align=left|1/4|align=left|0.25|align=left|0;3|
|align=left|1/5|align=left|0.2|align=left|0;|
|align=left|1/6|align=left|0.1|align=left|0;2|
|align=left|1/7|align=left|0.|align=left|0;|
|align=left|1/8|align=left|0.125|align=left|0;16|
|align=left|1/9|align=left|0.|align=left|0;14|
|align=left|1/10|align=left|0.1|align=left|0;|
|align=left|1/11|align=left|0.|align=left|0;|
|align=left|1/12|align=left|0.08|align=left|0;1|
|align=left|1/13|align=left|0.0|align=left|0;|
|align=left|1/24|align=left|0.041|align=left|0;06|
|align=left|1/144|align=left|0.0069|align=left|0;01|
Alberto Fouilloux

**Alberto Jorge Fouilloux Ahumada ** (22 November 1940 – 23 June 2018) was a Chilean football midfielder and striker. He earned 70 caps and scored 12 goals for the Chile national team during his career.

After retiring as a player Fouilloux went on to become a manager, serving as head coach of Huachipato and Colo-Colo.

Fouilloux died on June 23, 2018 aged 77 in Santiago of lung cancer.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Alberto Fouilloux
- **image**: Tito Fouillioux.jpg
- **fullname**: Alberto Jorge Fouilloux Ahumada
- **birth date**: November 22, 1940
- **birth place**: Santiago, Chile
- **death date**: June 23, 2018 (aged 77)
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **position**: Midfielder/Striker (association football), Striker
- **years1**: 1957–1969
- **years2**: 1970–1971
- **years3**: 1972
- **years4**: 1972–1974
- **years5**: 1975
- **clubs1**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **clubs2**: Club Deportivo Huachipato, Huachipato
- **clubs3**: Unión Española
- **clubs4**: OSC Lille, Lille
- **clubs5**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **nationalyears1**: 1960–1972
- **nationalteam1**: Chile national football team, Chile
- **nationalcaps1**: 70
- **nationalgoals1**: 12
- **pcupdate**: 4 April 2008
Phan Huy Lê

**Phan Huy Lê** (23 February 1934 – 23 June 2018) was a Vietnamese historian. He was born in Lộc Hà district. He was professor of history at the Hanoi National University.

Phan was the author of many studies on village society and Vietnamese history in general. He was thought by many as "doyen of Vietnamese historians." He was also director of the Center for Vietnamese and Intercultural Studies at Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

Phan died of heart disease on 23 June 2018 in Hanoi, aged 84.
Lee Nak-yon

**Lee Nak-yon** (, born 20 December 1951), also known as Lee Nak-yon, is a South Korea politician. He was the 45th Prime Minister of South Korea. He founded the New Future Democratic Party in 2024. He was the party's nominee for President of South Korea in the 2025 snap presidential election until he dropped out a month before the election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lee Nak-yon
- **image**: South Korean Prime Minister Lee - 2017 (36854542136) (cropped).jpg
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of South Korea, 45th Prime Minister of South Korea
- **president**: Moon Jae-in
- **term start**: 31 May 2017
- **term end**: 14 January 2020
- **deputy**: Kim Dong-yeon
Kim Sang-gon
- **predecessor**: Yoo Il-ho
- **successor**: Chung Sye-kyun
- **office1**: Governor of South Jeolla Province
- **term start1**: 1 July 2014
- **term end1**: 10 May 2017
- **predecessor1**: Park Jun-young
- **successor1**: Kim Gap-seop
- **office2**: Member of the National Assembly of South Korea, National Assembly
- **term start2**: 30 May 2000
- **term end2**: 15 May 2014
- **predecessor2**: Kim In-gon
- **successor2**: Lee Gae-ho
- **constituency2**: Damyang County, Damyang, Hampyeong County, Hampyeong, Yeonggwang County, Yeonggwang and Jangseong County, Jangseong
- **birth place**: Yeonggwang County, Yeonggwang, South Korea
- **party**: Democratic Party of Korea, Democratic
- **spouse**: Kim Suk-hee
- **children**: 1
- **signature**: Lee Nak-yon signature.svg
- **education**: Seoul National University
- **native name lang**: ko


## Infobox (korean name)

- **rr**: I Nak-yeon
- **mr**: I Nak-yŏn
Lee Hong-koo

**Lee Hong-Koo** (born May 9, 1934; Hangul: 이홍구; Hanja: 李洪九) is a former Korean academic and politician. He served as a former Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea, former South Korean Ambassador to the United Kingdom and United States, and founding Chairman of the East Asia Institute in Seoul.

## Other websites

- Lee Hong-koo Naver Profile
Lho Shin-yong

**Lho Shin-yong** (Korean: 노신영, 28 February 1930 – 21 October 2019) was a South Korean politician, diplomat and intelligence chief. He served as the 18th Prime Minister, the 18th Foreign Minister and the 12th Director of the Agency of National Security Planning (ANSP, now National Intelligence Service) of the fifth South Korean republic.

Lho died in Seoul on 21 October 2019 at the age of 89.
Violeta Rivas

**Ana María Francisca Adinolfi** (known by her stage name, **Violeta Rivas**; 4 October 1937 – 23 June 2018) was an Argentine singer and actress. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She was known for singing in the music program _El Club del Clan_.

She performed _¡Que Suerte!_ in Uruguay, which became her greatest hit. Rivas toured Latin America singing melodic songs. After the 1960s, she continued to perform in other films and to sing other songs such as _Colorado_, _El Baile del Ladrillo_, _El Cardenal_, and others.

Rivas died of a stroke in Buenos Aires on 4 October 1937, aged 80.
Pavel Vranský

**Pavel Vranský** (29 April 1921 – 24 June 2018) was a Czech brigadier general. He was known for serving during the Siege of Tobruk. He is a  recipient of the War Cross and Medal of Merit He was born in Lipník nad Bečvou.

Vranský died on 24 June 2018 in Lipník, aged 97.
Nitish Kumar

**Nitish Kumar** (born 1 March 1951) is an Indian politician. He was the chief minister of Bihar from 2015 until 2022. He is the President of Janata Dal (United). He is best known for constantly switching sides between alliances, earning the name 'Paltu Ram' (turncoat).
Francine Muyumba

**Francine Fuhara Muyumba** (born 18 February 1987) is a Congolese youth leader serving as President of the Pan African Youth Union. In 2011, Muyumba became the first International Student to be elected President of the University of Namibia Student Representative Council. The other International student to have held the position was Joseph Kalimbwe seven years later.

In 2017, Muyumba was chosen among the 100 Influential young Africans.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Francine Furaha Muyumba
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **office**: President of Panafrican Youth Union, the official youth body of the African Union
- **term start**: 2014
- **office1**: President of the Student Representative Council of the University of Namibia
- **term start1**: 2010
- **term end1**: 2011
- **predecessor1**: Job Amupanda
- **successor1**: Nahas Angula Jr
- **birth place**: Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **alma mater**: University of Namibia
- **residence**: Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **occupation**: Youth Activist
- **website**: http://francinemuyumba.com/
Nickel–zinc battery

A **nickel–zinc battery**, abbreviated **NiZn**, is a type of rechargeable battery. It is similar to the nickel cadmium battery but with a higher voltage of 1.6 V. Large nickel–zinc battery systems have been known for over 100 years. Since 2000, development of a stabilized zinc electrode system has made this technology competitive with other commercially available rechargeable battery systems. Cells in "AA" and "AAA" sizes are available. Nickel–zinc batteries are not as toxic as nickel–cadmium batteries, and they are less of a fire risk than lithium–ion batteries. The energy density is higher than nickel–cadmium, but not quite as high as lithium–ion.
University of Namibia

The **University of Namibia (UNAM)** is the largest university in Namibia. It was founded by an act of the National Assembly on 31 August 1992 and has 12 campuses, 8 faculties and 5 schools spread across the country. It has close to 24,000 studying on full time, part time and distance learning.

## Campuses

- Windhoek Main Campus
- Hage Geingob Campus
- Khomasdal Campus
- Nuedamm Campus
- Rundu Campus
- Henties Bay Campus
- Southern Campus
- Hifikepunye Pohamba Campus
- Oshakati Campus
- Jose Dos Santos Campus
- Katima Mulilo Campus

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: University of Namibia
- **image**: Unamt.jpg
- **image alt**: 250px
- **caption**: University of Namibia, Windhoek Main campus
- **vice chancellor**: Kenneth Matengu
- **students**: 24 000
- **city**: Windhoek
- **country**: Namibia
- **language**: English
- **sports**: UNAM FC
- **logo**: File:Logo UNAM Namibia.png
Depolarizer

A **depolarizer** or **depolariser** is a substance used in a primary cell to prevent buildup of hydrogen gas bubbles. This would interfere with the working of the cell.  Manganese dioxide is a widely used depolarizer.
Fire-tube boiler

A **fire-tube boiler** is a type of boiler in which hot gases pass from a fire through many tubes. These run through a sealed container of water. The heat of the gases passes through the walls of the tubes, and this heats the water and creates steam.

Most steam locomotives have fire-tube boilers.
Motor–generator

A **motor–generator** is a device for converting electrical power to another form. Motor–generator sets are used to convert frequency, voltage, or phase of power. They may also be used to isolate electrical loads from the electrical power supply line. Large motor–generators were widely used to convert industrial amounts of power while smaller motor–generators were used to convert battery power to higher voltages.

Nowadays, motor–generators have largely been replaced by semiconductor devices. Examples include rectifiers for converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and inverters for converting DC to AC.
AAR wheel arrangement

**AAR wheel arrangement** is a system for classifying locomotives used in North America. It is a simplified form of the UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements.

## Examples

- A1A-A1A Two bogies or wheel assemblies under the unit. Each bogie has two powered axles and one unpowered axle
- B-B Two bogies or wheel assemblies under the unit. Each bogie has two powered axles
- C-C Two bogies or wheel assemblies under the unit. Each bogie has three powered axles
Wheel arrangement

For **wheel arrangement** systems, see:

- AAR wheel arrangement
- UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements
- Whyte notation
Ken Albiston

**Kenneth Ian Albiston** (11 November 1926 – 20 June 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for Richmond and Melbourne in the VFL. He served in the royal air force during the last years of World War II. He was born in Balwyn, Victoria.

Albiston died on 20 June 2018 in Melbourne, Victoria at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- DemonWiki profile

## Infobox (afl biography)

- **name**: Ken Albiston
- **image**: Ken Albiston 1952.jpg
- **caption**: Albiston in 1952
- **fullname**: Kenneth Ian Albiston
- **birth place**: Balwyn, Victoria
- **originalteam**: Melbourne High School Old Boys
- **height**: 171 cm
- **weight**: 68 kg
- **statsend**: 1954
- **years1**: 1946–1951
- **club1**: Richmond Football Club, Richmond
- **games goals1**: 58 (76)
- **years2**: 1952–1954
- **club2**: Melbourne Football Club, Melbourne
- **games goals2**: 45 (49)
- **games goalstotal**: 103 (125)
Richard Benjamin Harrison

**Richard Benjamin Harrison Jr.** (also known by the nicknames **The Old Man** and **The Appraiser**; March 4, 1941 – June 25, 2018) was an American businessman and reality television personality. He was born in Danville, Virginia, but raised in Lexington, North Carolina. He was best known as the co-owner of the World Famous Gold & Silver Pawn Shop, as featured on the History channel series _Pawn Stars_.

Harrison was usually referred to by his nickname, "The Old Man".

Harrison died on June 25, 2018 in Las Vegas, Nevada from Parkinson's disease at the age of 77.

## Other websites

- Gold and Silver Dealer in USA
Jamsheed Marker

**Jamsheed Marker** (Hilal-e-Imtiaz) (24 November 1922 – 21 June 2018) was a Pakistani diplomat. He served as Ambassador to the United States serving from 17 September 1986 to 30 June 1989. He was the head of mission during the administrations of Prime Ministers Muhammad Khan Junejo and Benazir Bhutto. He helped negotiate the Soviet military withdrawal from Afghanistan.

Marker died on 21 June 2018 in Karachi at the age of 95.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jamsheed Marker
- **office**: Pakistan Ambassador to the United States
- **honorific-prefix**: Ambassador
- **predecessor**: Ejaz Azim
- **successor**: Zulfiqar Ali Khan
- **birth place**: Quetta, British India
- **death place**: Karachi, Pakistan
- **nationality**: Pakistan
- **alma mater**: The Doon School
Forman Christian College University
- **term start**: 17 September 1986
- **term end**: 30 June 1989
- **spouse**: Arnaz Minwalla
- **children**: 2
Francesco Forleo

**Francesco Forleo** (13 November 1941 – 24 June 2018) was an Italian politician and policeman. He served as a Deputy from 1987 to 1994. He was born in Turin.

Forleo died of dementia in Genoa on 24 June 2018 at the age of 76.
Etna, California

**Etna** is a city in the Scott Valley area of Siskiyou County, California, United States. The population was 678 at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- Official website of the city of Etna
Montague, California

**Montague** is a city in Siskiyou County, California, United States. The population was 1,226 at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- Official website of Montague
Ismael Balkhi

**Sayed Isma'el Balkhi** () was a poet, political activist and cleric in Afghanistan during the twentieth century. He was one of the thinkers and pioneers of the Islamic Movement of Afghanistan.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sayed Isma'el Balkhi
سید اسماعیل بلخی
- **birth date**: 1918
- **birth place**: Sar-e Pol Province, Afghanistan
- **death place**: Kabul, Afghanistan
- **burial place**: Kabul, Afghanistan
- **nationality**: Afghanistani
- **family**: Sayed family of Hazara people
Siskiyou County, California

**Siskiyou County** ( ) is a county in the northernmost part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,076. The county seat is Yreka.

Siskiyou County is in the Cascade Mountains on the Oregon border.
Yreka, California

**Yreka** ( ) is the county seat of Siskiyou County, California, United States. It is near the Shasta River at 2,500 feet (760 m) above sea level and covering about 10.1 sq mi (26 km2) area, of which most is land. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 7,807.

In 1941, it was proposed that Yreka were to be the capital city of the proposed Jefferson state, which would be made-up of southern Oregon and northern California.

## Other websites

- Official website
- Yreka Chamber of Commerce
- Siskiyou County Historical Society
- Siskiyou County Museum
- Siskiyou Daily News
- Images of Yreka from the Eastman’s Originals Collection ,  Special Collections Dept. , University of California, Davis.
Baikonur Cosmodrome

**Baikonur Cosmodrome** (; ) is a spaceport in southern Kazakhstan. It is the first and most active space port in the world. It is leased to Russia until 2050, and is managed by Roskosmos and the Russian aerospace forces. It was originally built by the Soviet Union in the late 1950s. There are many commercial, military and scientific rocket launches each year  All crewed Russian spaceflights are launched from Baikonur.

Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, was launched from Baikonur in 1957. Vostok 1, the first human spaceflight, was also launched from Baikonur, carrying Yuri Gagarin. The launchpad used for both of these missions was renamed Gagarin's Start.

## Infobox (airport)

- **name**: Baikonur Cosmodrome
- **nativename-r**: _Kosmodrom Baykonur_
- **image**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Soyuz launch pad.jpg
- **caption**: Baikonur Cosmodrome's "Gagarin's Start" Soyuz (rocket family), Soyuz launch pad before the rollout of Soyuz TMA-13, 10 October 2008.
- **image2**: Soyuz_TMA-5_launch.jpg
- **caption2**: A Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz rocket takes off from Baikonur
- **lid**: GC0015
- **type**: Spaceport
- **owner-oper**: Roscosmos State Corporation, Roscosmos
 Russian Aerospace Forces
- **location**: Kazakhstan
- **timezone**: UTC+06:00
- **utc**: UTC+06:00, +06:00
- **elevation-f**: 300
- **elevation-m**: 90
- **metric-elev**: y
Proton (rocket family)

**Proton** is an expandable launch vehicle used for both commercial and Russian government launches. It is still in use as of 2018. All Protons are built at Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, and are then launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome. It can launch around 22.8 tonnes to Low Earth orbit, and it can launch around 6.3 tonnes to Geostationary orbit. It is expected to be retired before 2030.

It was originally created as a super heavy Intercontinental ballistic missile. The first Proton rocket was launced in 1965. Proton's design was kept secret until 1986. It launched several sections of the Mir space station, and also launched two modules to the ISS.
North British Locomotive Company

The **North British Locomotive Company** (NBL) was created in 1903 through the merger of three Scottish locomotive manufacturing companies. They were Sharp, Stewart and Company and Neilson, Reid and Company  and Dübs and Company. This created the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe at the time.

The company closed in 1962.
Volatility

In economics, the term **volatility** is used to measure how much the price or value of an economic good or service changes over time. Goods or services where the price changes a lot are said to have a _high volatility_, those that don't have a _low volatility_. The word come from the Latin verb "volare" meaning "to fly".

In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a "volatile" market. An asset's volatility is a key factor when pricing options contracts. In statistical terms, volatility is the standard deviation of a market or security’s annualised returns over a given period - essentially the rate at which its price increases or decreases. Historical volatility is calculated using a series of past market prices, while implied volatility looks at expected future volatility, using the market price of a market-traded derivative like an option.

## Causes of volatility

Market volatility is caused by a host of several factors

- Political and economic factors
- Industry and sector factors
- Company performance
- Volatility overseas
Josh Hawley

**Joshua David Hawley** (born December 31, 1979) is an American politician. He is the senior United States Senator of Missouri since January 3, 2019.

He was the Attorney General of Missouri from 2017 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.

He was born in Springdale, Arkansas. Hawley studied at Stanford University and at Yale University. He is a former law clerk to Chief Justice John Roberts of the Supreme Court.

In October 2017, Hawley announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. He defeated Claire McCaskill in the general election in November 2018.

## Other websites

- Missouri Attorney General
- Hawley for Senate

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Josh Hawley
- **image**: Josh Hawley.jpg
- **birth name**: Joshua David Hawley
- **birth place**: Springdale, Arkansas, United States, U.S.
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Missouri
- **alongside**: Eric S. Schmitt
- **term start**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor**: Claire McCaskill
- **office1**: 42nd Attorney General of Missouri
- **term start1**: January 9, 2017
- **term end1**: January 9, 2019
- **governor1**: Mike Parson
- **predecessor1**: Chris Koster
- **successor1**: Eric Schmitt
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Erin Morrow
- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: Stanford University
Yale University
Geoff Case

**Geoff Case** (18 September 1935 – 22 June 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Victoria, Australia.

Case was a tough midfielder and played his 122 VFL games for Melbourne, which included the 1955, 1957, 1959 and 1960 winning grand finals.  He also represented the VFL, but retired at the relatively young age of just twenty-six in 1962.

Case died on 22 June 2018 in Melbourne at the age of 82.

## Infobox (afl biography)

- **name**: Geoff Case
- **image**: Geoff Case 1954.jpg
- **fullname**: Geoffrey Alan Case
- **originalteam**: Melbourne Grammar School
- **height**: 183 cm
- **weight**: 81 kg
- **position**: Half-back flank, utility
- **guernsey**: 7
- **statsend**: 1962
- **years1**: 1953–1962
- **club1**: Melbourne Football Club, Melbourne
- **games goals1**: 123 (34)
- **careerhighlights**: *4× Australian Football League, VFL premierships: 1955 VFL Grand Final, 1955, 1957 VFL Grand Final, 1957, 1959 VFL Grand Final, 1959, 1960 VFL Grand Final, 1960
*Melbourne Football Club#Hall of Fame, Melbourne Hall of Fame
Deanna Lund

**Deanna Lund** (May 30, 1937 – June 22, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Oak Park, Illinois. Lund was best known for her role in the Irwin Allen television series _Land of the Giants_, where she played the character of Valerie Ames Scott.

Lund died on June 22, 2018 at her home in Century City, California of pancreatic cancer, aged 81.

## Other websites

- Official site
Constance Adams

**Constance Adams** (16 July, 1964 – 25 June, 2018) was an American space architect. She worked in the space program.  In the late 1990s she was employed by Lockheed Martin Space Operations, to support the NASA’s Mars exploration research efforts at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Among other projects, Adams was involved in developing the Lockheed-Martin design of an inflatable module for the International Space Station.

Adams died of colorectal cancer in Houston on June 25, 2018, aged 53.
Tony Evers

**Anthony Steven Evers** (born November 5, 1951) is an American politician and educator who has been the 46th and current Governor of Wisconsin since 2019. He was elected governor in 2018, defeating then-incumbent Governor Scott Walker. He was re-elected in 2022.

## Political career

Before becoming Governor, he served as the 26th Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin from 2009 to 2019. Evers serves as President of the Council of Chief State School Officers and was Wisconsin's Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction from 2001 to 2009.

## Governor of Wisconsin

Evers was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Wisconsin in the 2018 gubernatorial election. His running mate is community organizer Mandela Barnes. Evers won the election by 1%.

In February 2019, Evers's administration prepared a budget proposal that included proposals to legalize the medical use of marijuana for patients with certain conditions. Evers's marijuana proposals were opposed by Republican leaders in the Legislature.

On March 12, 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Evers declared a public health emergency in the state. The next day, he ordered all schools in the state to close by March 18, with no possibility of reopening until at least April 6. On March 17, Evers added a statewide ban on public gatherings of more than 10 people. This was expanded to a statewide "safer at home" on March 25, originally set to expire on April 25, with people allowed to leave their homes only for essential business and exercise.

Evers was re-elected governor in 2022, defeating businessman Tim Michels.

In July 2023, Evers made a line-item veto to the state budget for fiscal years 2024 and 2025 that increased school funding of $325 a year until 2425. He did this by removing the hyphen and "20"s from where the budget bill mentioned the 2024–2025 school year. In April 2025, the Wisconsin Supreme Court said the veto was legal; in the majority opinion.

In July 2025, Evers announced that he would not run for re-election in 2026.

## Health

Evers had esophageal cancer before undergoing intensive surgery in 2008.

## Other websites

- Governor Tony Evers official State of Wisconsin website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tony Evers
- **image**: 0Y0A6086-2-2 (52428075040) (1).jpg
- **order**: 46th
- **office**: Governor of Wisconsin
- **lieutenant**: Mandela Barnes
Sara Rodriguez
- **term start**: January 7, 2019
- **predecessor**: Scott Walker
- **office1**: 26th Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction
- **governor1**: Jim Doyle
Scott Walker (politician), Scott Walker
- **term start1**: July 6, 2009
- **term end1**: January 7, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Elizabeth Burmaster
- **successor1**: Carolyn Stanford Taylor
- **birth name**: Anthony Steven Evers
- **birth place**: Plymouth, Wisconsin, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **residence**: Wisconsin Governor's Mansion, Governor's Mansion
- **education**: University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Wisconsin, Madison (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Master of Arts, MA, Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
Lance Franklin

**Lance Franklin** (or **Buddy Franklin**) was born on 30 January 1987. In his early life he had grown up to love AFL and view as many matches as he could, but his passion did not just stop there, he was a star on the AFL field as a young boy and eventually pursued his passion to the point he is at now, an international level.

Franklin was born in Perth, Western Australia, into a family of Indigenous Australians (Noongar-Wajuk) and grew up in Dowerin supporting the Melbourne Football Club. When he was 15, he won a sports scholarship and was educated at Wesley College. He played one senior game for the Perth Football Club in 2004, kicking one goal, and represented Western Australia at the 2004 AFL Under 18 Championships.

Franklin has won two premierships, four All-Australian team awards, two Coleman Medals and a Peter Crimmins Medal in his time at Hawthorn, he also kicked the AFL Goal of the Year twice (in 2010 and 2013). He also was nominated for the AFL Rising Star award in the 2005 season. After winning his second premiership at Hawthorn, Franklin moved to the Sydney Swans at the end of the 2013 season, before representing Australia in the 2013 International Rules Series. Franklin had an incredible impact at Sydney, where he won three All-Australian selections and two more Coleman Medals.
Grigory Barenblatt

**Grigory Isaakovich Barenblatt** (; July 10, 1927 – June 21, 2018) was a Russian mathematician. He was born in Moscow. He was an emeritus Professor in Residence at the Department of Mathematics of the University of California, Berkeley and Mathematician at Department of Mathematics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Barenblatt was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1993.

Barenblatt died on June 21, 2018 at the age of 90.

## Other websites

- Applied mechanics: an age old science perpetually in rebirth (pdf). The Timoshenko Medal acceptance speech by Grigory Barenblatt (to be published by ASME in summer 2006).
W. S. Merwin

**William Stanley Merwin** (September 30, 1927 – March 15, 2019) was an American poet. He was mainly active during the anti-Vietnam War era. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (in both 1971 and 2009), the National Book Award for Poetry (2005) and the Tanning Prize, one of the highest honors bestowed by the Academy of American Poets, as well as the Golden Wreath of the Struga Poetry Evenings.

In 2010, the Library of Congress named Merwin the seventeenth United States Poet Laureate to replace the outgoing Kay Ryan.

Merwin died at his home in Haiku, Hawaii on March 15, 2019 from a heart attack, aged 91.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: W. S. Merwin
- **image**: Merwin.jpg
- **birth place**: New York City
- **death place**: Haiku, Hawaii
- **occupation**: Poet
- **nationality**: American
- **education**: Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, PA 1944; Princeton University (attended)
- **period**: 1952–2019
- **genre**: Poetry, prose, translation
- **spouse**: Dorothy Jeanne Ferry
Dido Milroy
Paula Dunaway (1983–2017)
Charles Simic

**Charles Simic** (; born **Dušan Simić**; May 9, 1938 – January 9, 2023) was a Serbian American poet. He was the co-poetry editor of the _Paris Review_. He received the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1990 for _The World Doesn't End_, and was a finalist of the Pulitzer Prize in 1986 for _Selected Poems, 1963-1983_ and in 1987 for _Unending Blues_.

Simic was appointed the fifteenth Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 2007.
Simic married fashion designer Helene Dubin in 1964, and their union produced two children. In 1971, he became an American citizen. Simic died of complications of dementia on January 9, 2023, at the age of 84.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Charles Simic
- **image**: Charles simic 6693.JPG
- **birth name**: Dušan Simić
- **birth place**: Belgrade, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now Serbia)
- **death place**: Dover, New Hampshire, U.S.
- **occupation**: Poet
- **nationality**: Serbs, Serbian-Americans, American
- **awards**:
 Wallace Stevens Award (2007)
 Zbigniew Herbert International Literary Award (2014)
Michelle Clunie

**Michelle Renee Clunie** (born November 7, 1969) is an American actress, dancer and activist. She is best known for her roles as Melanie Marcus on Showtime's series _Queer as Folk_ and as Ellen Beals on _Make It or Break It_. She is currently a star on MTV’s _Teen Wolf_ as Mrs. Finch.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Michelle Clunie
- **image**: Michelle Clunie.jpg
- **caption**: Michelle Clunie in 2008
- **birth name**: Michelle Renee Clunie
- **birth place**: Portland, Oregon, Portland, Oregon, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1992–present
- **children**: 1
- **imagesize**: 220px
Creed discography

The discography for American alternative metal band Creed consists of 4 studio albums.

### Studio albums

|Year|Album details|
| --- | --- |
|1997|_My Own Prison_ * Release date: April 14, 1997 * Label: Blue Collar Records|
|1999|_Human Clay_ * Release date: September 28, 1999 * Label: Wind-up Records|
|2001|_Weathered_ * Release date: November 20, 2001 * Label: Wind-up Records|
|2009|_Full Circle_ * Release date: October 27, 2009 * Label: Wind-up Records|

## Infobox (artist discography)

- **artist**: Creed (band), Creed
- **studio**: 4
Deneb

**Deneb** (also named Arided, α Cygni, alpha Cygni, α Cyg) is the brightest star in the constellation of Cygnus.  It, along with Vega, and Altair make up the Summer Triangle asterism.

It has an apparent magnitude of 1.25, which means that it is the 20th brightest star in the night sky. However its distance from the sun and luminosity are difficult to calculate, but its distance is estimated to be approximately 2,600 light years away. It is thought to be between 55,000 and 196,000 times as luminous as the Sun.

Deneb is a blue supergiant that is 203 times larger than the Sun.

Deneb will be the Pole Star in the year 9800 AD.
John Francis Jackson

**John Francis Jackson**, DFC (23 February 1908 – 28 April 1942) was an Australian fighter ace and squadron commander of World War II. He had eight aerial victories, and led No. 75 Squadron during the Battle of Port Moresby in 1942. Born in Brisbane, he was a grazier and businessman. He had his own private plane when he joined the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Reserve in 1936. In 1939, at the start of the war, he was called up for active service. Jackson served with No. 23 Squadron in Australia before he was posted to the Middle East in November 1940. As a fighter pilot with No. 3 Squadron he flew Gloster Gladiators, Hawker Hurricanes and P-40 Tomahawks during the North African and Syria–Lebanon campaigns.

Jackson was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross and Mentioned in Despatches for his actions in the Middle East. In March 1942, while serving in the South West Pacific theatre, he was promoted to squadron leader. He was in command of No. 75 Squadron at Port Moresby in Papua, operating P-40 Kittyhawks. Described as "rugged, simple" and "true as steel", Jackson, aged 34, was nicknamed "Old John" by his much younger squadron members. He was praised for his leadership during the defence of Port Moresby. He was killed in action on 28 April 1942. His younger brother Les took over No. 75 Squadron, and also became a fighter ace. Jacksons International Airport, Port Moresby, is named in John Jackson's honour.
Ōmokoroa

**Omokoroa** is a small urban area in the Western Bay of Plenty District of New Zealand. The suburb is thought part of Greater Tauranga (contributing towards its population of ), and is within the Bay of Plenty electorate.
Falcon 9

{{Infobox rocket
| name           = Falcon 9
| logo           = Falcon 9 logo.svg
| logo_alt       = Logo of the Falcon 9
| image          = SpaceX Demo-2 Launch (NHQ202005300044) (cropped).jpg
| alt            = Ground-level view of a Falcon 9 lifting off from its launch pad
| caption        = A Falcon 9 lifting off from LC-39A carrying Demo-2.

| function       = Orbital launch vehicle
| manufacturer   = SpaceX
| country-origin = United States
| cpl            = {{plainlist|
- New: US$62 million (2020),
- Reused: US$50 million (2019)
}}
| height         = {{plainlist|
- **FT**: {{cvt|70|m}}
- **v1.1**: {{cvt|68.4|m}}
- **v1.0**: {{cvt|54.9|m}}
}}
| diameter       = {{cvt|3.7|m}}
| mass = {{plainlist|
- **FT**: {{cvt |549 |t|lb}}
- **v1.1**: {{cvt|506|t|lb}}
- **v1.0**: {{cvt|333|t|lb}}
}}
| stages         = 2
| capacities =
  {{Infobox rocket/payload
  |location      = Low Earth orbit (LEO)
  |inclination   = 28.5°
  |kilos         = {{plainlist|
- **FT**: {{cvt |22.8 | t| lb}} Expended
{{cvt|15.6| t| lb}} when landing on ASDS
- **v1.1**: {{cvt|13.1| t| lb}}
- **v1.0**: {{cvt|10.4| t| lb}}
    }}
  }}
  {{Infobox rocket/payload
  |location      = Geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO)
  |inclination   = 27.0°
  |kilos         = {{plainlist|
- **FT**: {{cvt|8.3| t| lb}} Expended
{{cvt|5.5| t| lb}} when landing on ASDS
{{cvt|3.5| t| lb}} when RTLS
- **v1.1**: {{cvt|4.8| t| lb}}
- **v1.0**: {{cvt|4.5| t| lb}}
    }}
  }}
  {{Infobox rocket/payload
  |location      = Mars transfer orbit
  |kilos         = **FT**: {{cvt|4| t| lb}}
  }}
Paterson Clarence Hughes

**Paterson Clarence** "**Pat**" **Hughes**, DFC (19 September 1917 – 7 September 1940) was an Australian fighter ace of World War II. He served with the Royal Air Force (RAF). During the Battle of Britain he shot down 17 enemy aircraft. This was the highest number of aircraft shot down by an Australian during the battle, and the third highest by an Australian during World War II. Hughes was killed in action on 7 September 1940.

Hughes was born in Numeralla, New South Wales. He joined the Royal Australian Air Force in 1936. After graduating as a pilot, he joined the RAF. In July 1937, he joined No. 64 Squadron, which operated Hawker Demon and, later, Bristol Blenheim fighters. Posted to No. 234 Squadron at the start of World War II, Hughes began flying Supermarine Spitfires. He shared in the squadron's first victory on 8 July 1940, when with two other Spitfires, he shot down a German Junkers Ju 88 attacking ships near Lands End. Hughes was known for attacking his targets at extremely close range. He probably died after his Spitfire was struck by parts from a German Dornier Do 17 bomber that he had just shot down near London. Hughes was able to get out of the plane, but his parachute did not open. After his death he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. Hughes was buried in England.

## Other websites

- National Archives of Australia: Personal File
- Sutton & Wawne Museum: A brief biography of the Australian fighter pilot killed during the Battle of Britain, and buried in Sutton churchyard in 1940
- Battle of Britain Historical Society: Saturday, September 7th 1940

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Paterson Clarence Hughes
- **birth date**: 19 September 1917
- **birth place**: Numeralla, New South Wales, Australia
- **death place**: Sundridge, Kent, Sundridge, Kent, England
- **image**: Paterson Clarence Hughes 1940.jpg
- **alt**: Portrait of man in dark military uniform with pilot's wings
- **caption**: Pat Hughes, 1940
- **allegiance**: Australia
United Kingdom
- **branch**: Royal Australian Air Force (1936–37)
Royal Air Force (1937–40)
- **serviceyears**: 1936–40
- **servicenumber**: 39461 (RAF)
- **rank**: Flight Lieutenant
- **unit**: No. 64 Squadron RAF (1937–39)
No. 234 Squadron RAF (1939–40)
- **battles**: World War II
* Battle of Britain
- **awards**: Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom), Distinguished Flying Cross
Bamboo Airways

**Bamboo Airways** is a Vietnamese airline. The headquarters are in Hanoi. The center of activity is from Phu Cat Airport in Qui Nhon. The company was founded in 2017. VietJet Air will begin operation in October 2018. It will have flights to most of airports in Vietnam and some international airports. On 26th March 2016, it signed a purchase order with Airbus to buy 24 Airbus A320neo, signed a purchase order with Boeing to buy 20 Boeing 787. The aircraft will be delivered from 2020.
It will mainly serve tourists to resort towns in Vietnam, where its parent company FLC Group has resorts (Ha Long, Thanh Hoa, Dong Hoi, Nha Trang, Phu Quoc).
Big Four (British railway companies)

The **Big Four** was a name used to describe the four largest railway companies in the United Kingdom in the period 1923–47. The name was coined by _The Railway Magazine_ in its issue of February 1923: "The Big Four of the New Railway Era".

The Big Four were:

- Great Western Railway (GWR)
- London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS)
- London and North Eastern Railway (LNER)
- Southern Railway (SR)

The companies were formed as a result of the **Railways Act 1921**, in a process known as "The Grouping" (of the railways), which came into effect on 1 January 1923.

On 1 January 1948, the companies were nationalised to form British Railways as a result of the Transport Act 1947.

## Related pages

- List of railway companies involved in the 1923 Grouping
London, Midland and Scottish Railway

The **London, Midland and Scottish Railway** (**LMS**) was one of the Big Four British railway companies from 1923 to 1948. It was formed on 1 January 1923 under the Railways Act of 1921, which required the grouping of over 120 separate railways into four. The companies merged into the LMS included the London and North Western Railway, the Midland Railway, the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (which had previously merged with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922), several Scottish railway companies (including the Caledonian Railway), and numerous other, smaller ventures.

For the Modern Company, see London Midland.
Electro-diesel locomotive

An **Electro-diesel locomotive** is a high powered electric locomotive which also has a diesel engine. The diesel engine is used when an electricity supply from overhead lines or a third rail is not available.
Caledonian Sleeper

**Caledonian Sleeper** is the collective name for overnight sleeper train services between London and Scotland, in Great Britain, Since 2015 it has been operating as its own company.
Christina Kirkman

**Christina Marie Kirkman** (born February 25, 1993, in Melrose, Massachusetts, USA) is an American actress and comedian. She was best known for her roles in the final two seasons of _All That_.

In 2003, she entered _R U All That?: Nickelodeon's Search for the Funniest Kid in America_ competition and won the highly-coveted spot as a regular performer on _All That_.

As part of her audition, Kirkman was asked to do a skit in which she met Jay Leno. She had never heard of Leno because she had never stayed up late, so she said, "_Who the heck is Jay Leno?_" and instead pretended to talk to Leno's bodyguard.

When asked if she thought she was going get into the _All That_ cast, Kirkman responded, "I thought I had no chance!" with a laugh.

Kirkman joined the cast of _All That in Season 9 after Bryan Hearne left the show. She replaced Jamie Lynn Spears as the youngest cast member of _All That_. She remained on _All That_ until the show was canceled.

After _All That'' came to an end, Kirkman returned to Massachusetts where she experienced bullying. This caused her to temporarily stop acting to focus on school. She graduated from Bishop Fenwick High School. In 2015, she graduated from Emerson College in Boston, Massachusetts where she studied broadcast journalism and also participated in several different on campus productions.

After completing college, Kirkman moved back to Los Angeles to pursue acting and as of 2016, she completed filming the movie "Night Shadow".

## Other websites

- Emerson students former stars of Nickelodeon and Disney shows
1998 Kissimmee tornado outbreak

The **1998 Kissimmee tornado outbreak**, also known as the **Central Florida tornado outbreak** or **The Night of The Tornadoes** was a deadly tornado event in Florida during the night of February 22-23, 1998 in the central part of the state, including the Orlando area. The outbreak killed 42 people and injured 260, the worst such tornado event in Florida since March 31, 1962. The first major tornado hit Winter Garden  at 11:40 p.m., and the deadliest tornado struck the Kissimmee area at 12:40 a.m. before dissipating at 1:28 a.m. EST.

## Tornadoes

|Time (EST)|Date|County|Fatalities|Injuries|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|10:55 p.m.|February 22|Volusia|1|3|
|11:37 p.m.-midnight|February 22|Lake, Orange|3|70|
|12:10-12:25 a.m.|February 23|Seminole, Volusia|13|36|
|12:40-1:28 a.m.|February 23|Osceola, Orange|25|150|
|12:45 a.m.|February 23|Volusia|0|0|
|1:38 a.m.|February 23|Brevard|0|0|
|2:30 a.m.|February 23|Brevard|0|0|
Short (finance)

To **short** an asset means to bet that the asset will lose value, or that the current price is overvalued (higher than its supposed value). If the asset in question does indeed lose value, the person who _shorted_ it will win the bet, and make a profit. This can be done by borrowing assets and selling them at a higher price, returning the asset once you can buy it back at a lower price.

For example, if you think that Tesla stock will lose 10% of its value, you could short the stock, and make a 10% profit once it goes down by 10%. However, if Tesla stock gains value, then you will lose the equivalent amount.
Richard Girnt Butler

**Richard Girnt Butler** (February 23, 1918 – September 8, 2004) was a white supremacist and American Christian religious leader. Butler founded the neo-Nazi Aryan Nations and would become one of the most well known and influential leaders of the American far-right.

Butler was a former member of the Silver Shirts, an American fascist organization modeled after Nazi Brownshirts and active until its suppression following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

Butler was convicted of conspiracy by the United States Department of Justice, but was not convicted because the grand jury failed to prosecute him.

## Infobox (military person)

- **embed**: yes
- **branch**: United States Army Air Forces
- **serviceyears**: 1942–1945
- **battles**: World War II


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Richard Girnt Butler
- **birth place**: Denver, Colorado, U.S.
- **death place**: Hayden, Idaho, Hayden, Idaho, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Aerospace engineer
- **children**: 2
Alan Berg

**Alan Harrison Berg** (January 1, 1934 – June 18, 1984) was an American Jewish attorney and talk radio show host in Denver, Colorado. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Berg was known for his mostly liberal views. His programs could be received in more than 30 states. He was lastly hired by KOA and debuted on February 23, 1981. He worked at KOA until his assassination.

## Death

On June 18, 1984, Berg was shot dead in the driveway of his Denver home by members of the white supremacist group. He was 50 years old.

## Other websites

- Alan Berg at the Internet Movie Database
- Talk Radio Assassination!, WFMU website 1996
- "Living Out Loud: Death of a Radiohead" , _Cincinnati CityBeat_ July 14, 2004
- Judith Lee Berg, a profile of Alan Berg's widow
North Barrington, Illinois

**North Barrington** is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,171 at the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- Village of North Barrington official website
- Barrington Area Library