juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Arthur Bisguier

**Arthur Bernard Bisguier** (October 8, 1929–April 5, 2017) was an American chess grandmaster, chess promoter, and writer.

## Early life

Bisguier was born in New York City. He studied at Bronx High School of Science.

## Career

Bisguier has won two U.S. Junior Championships (1948, 1949), three U.S. Open Chess Championship titles (1950, 1956, 1959), and the 1954 United States Chess Championship title. He played for the United States in five chess Olympiads. He also played in two Interzonal tournaments (1955, 1962).

On March 18, 2005, the United States Chess Federation (USCF) proclaimed him "Dean of American Chess".

Bisguier has been a regular contributor to _Chess Life_ magazine. In 2003 he wrote a book on his best games from 1945–60 titled _The Art of Bisguier_.

## Death

Bisguier died on April 5, 2017 in Framingham, Massachusetts from respiratory failure, aged 87.

## Other websites

- Biography

## Infobox (chess biography)

- **name**: Arthur Bisguier
- **image**: Arthur Bisguier 2009.jpg
- **caption**: Arthur Bisguier, in 2009 at the National Open, Las Vegas, Nevada
- **birth name**: Arthur Bernard Bisguier
- **country**: United States
- **birth place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Framingham, Massachusetts, Framingham, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **title**: Grandmaster (chess), Grandmaster (1957)
- **peakrating**: 2455 (January 1980)
Molybdenum disulfide

**Molybdenum disulfide** is an inorganic compound. It is made of molybdenum and sulfur. The chemical formula is ****. As a mineral, it is called molybdenite.

It is used as a dry lubricant.
Frisco, Texas

**Frisco** is a city in the Collin and Denton counties in Texas. It is in the area of Dallas-Fort Worth. The city is 25 miles north of Dallas Love Field and Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport.

## History

Frisco was created in 1904.

## Geography

Frisco has a total area of 69.19 square miles.

## People

Frisco has 207,748 people living there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Frisco, Texas
- **type**: City
- **image flag**: Flag of Frisco, Texas.svg
- **image shield**: Logo of Frisco, Texas.svg
- **image map**: Collin County Texas Incorporated Areas Frisco highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Frisco in Collin County, Texas
- **image skyline**: Frisco June 2019 05 (George A. Purefoy Municipal Center and Frisco Square).jpg
- **image caption**: George A. Purefoy Municipal Center at Frisco Square
- **image size**: 300px
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Texas, Counties
- **subdivision name1**: Texas
- **subdivision name2**: Collin County, Texas, Collin, Denton County, Texas, Denton
- **government type**: Council–manager government, Council–manager
- **leader title**: Frisco, Texas City Council, City Council
- **leader name**: Mayor Jeff Cheney
John Keating
Burt Thakur
Angelia Pelham
Jared Elad
Laura Rummel
Brian Livingston
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **leader name1**: Wes Pierson
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 179.21
- **area total sq mi**: 69.19
- **area land km2**: 177.77
- **area land sq mi**: 68.64
- **area water km2**: 1.44
- **area water sq mi**: 0.56
- **elevation m**: 236
- **elevation ft**: 774
- **population total**: 207748
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 1127.79
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 48-27684
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1336263
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 75033-75036, 75068, 75071
- **area code**: Area code 972, 972 / Area code 469, 469 / Area code 214, 214
- **population density sq mi**: 2920.98
Heterosexism

**Heterosexism** is the belief that only men and women should have sex, or that only men and women should love each other as more than a friend or family member. It is also the belief that sex and love between men and women is better than other types of sex and love. Heterosexism is not just something a single person can believe but is taught by society and culture. Heterosexist beliefs can cause people to act unfairly towards people who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, or asexual.

Heterosexism is related to homophobia and biphobia in the same way that sexism is related to misandry, misogyny and transphobia.

## Related pages

- Adam and Steve (anti-gay slogan)
- Heteronormativity
- Cissexism
- Monosexism
Iron planet

An **iron planet** is a planet whose core consists of mostly iron. These planets often have a small mantle and a very large core. Mercury is known to be an iron-rich planet - and is the largest celestial body in the Solar System to be so.

In science fiction, these planets are sometimes called "cannonballs".
Iron plantation

An **iron plantation** was a place where pig iron and wrought iron were made. They first started in the 18th and 19th centuries when everyone worked on making pig iron or wrought iron. They usually started because there were many trees in the area to make coke, and making pig iron takes coke.
Sigmar Gabriel

**Sigmar Hartmut Gabriel** (born September 12, 1959 in Goslar) is a German politician of the SPD.

He has been Vice Chancellor from 2013 to 2018 and foreign minister from 2017 to 2018. He has also been a member of the Bundestag (German parliament) since 2005.

Previously he was party chair from 2009 to 2017, federal minister of economy and energy (2013-2017), federal minister of environment, nature conservation and nuclear safety (2005-2009), and prime minister of Lower Saxony (1999-2003).

Gabriel studied politics, sociology and German at the University of Göttingen.

On December 5, 2017 German Foreign Minister **Sigmar Gabriel** speech at Korber Foundation, warned Iran nuclear deal collapse, cause could leads to military conflict, he stand with European Union assertive, between Trump administration and world leader effective that impact relation, between country. he said in statement,"US will never be same""the world is no longer a global community but an arena and also a battleground in which nations, nonstate actors and companies fight over advantages,".

He is a Lutheran.

## References

- Bundestag Website biography
2017 Stockholm attack

The **2017 Stockholm attack** happened on 7 April 2017, at about 2:50 pm local time (13:50 UTC) in central Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. According to SÄPO, a speeding lorry drove through crowds along the Drottninggatan pedestrian street and smashed through the front of an Åhléns department store, killing at least four people and wounding several others.

The attack killed five people.

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: 2017 Stockholm attack
- **image**: File:Attentatet i Stockholm 2017-8.jpg
- **map**: 2017 Stockholm attack.png
- **map caption**: Drottninggatan with the Truck that crashed into the entrance to Åhléns.
- **location**: Drottninggata, Stockholm, Sweden
- **time**: c. 2:50 pm
- **timezone**: GMT
- **target**: Pedestrians
- **type**: Car attack
- **fatalities**: 5
- **injuries**: 14
- **perpetrator**: Rakhmat Akilov
- **motive**: Islamic terrorism
Protest against Swedish government military training in Iraq
- **weapons**: Mercedes-Benz Actros Truck
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The **smooth endoplasmic reticulum**, or **smooth ER**, is found in both animal cells and plant cells.  Smooth ER helps the body make and metabolize fats and steroid hormones.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.  Smooth ER is not.
David Gove

**David Thomas Gove** (May 4, 1978 – April 5, 2017) was an American ice hockey player. He served as head coach of the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL. He last played with the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins of the American Hockey League during the 2008–09 season. He played for the Carolina Hurricanes from 2000 through 2009.

On April 5, 2017, Gove was found dead in Pittsburgh on April 5, 2017 from a suspected drug overdose.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: David Gove
- **image**: David Gove.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **caption**: Gove playing for the Albany River Rats in 2007
- **birth place**: Centerville, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **death place**: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 9
- **weight lb**: 190
- **position**: Center (ice hockey), Center/Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **played for**: Carolina Hurricanes
- **draft**: _Undrafted_
- **career start**: 2000
- **career end**: 2009
Memè Perlini

**Amelio "Memè" Perlini** (8 December 1947 – 5 April 2017) was an Italian actor and movie director. His debut movie as a director, _Italian Postcards_, was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival.

Perlini died in Rome on 5 April 2017, aged 69. He committed suicide, by jumping from the fifth floor of his house.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Memè Perlini
- **birth place**: Sant'Angelo in Lizzola, Italy
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
- **occupation**: Actor, movie director
- **yearsactive**: 1971-2005
David Peel

**David Peel** (born **David Michael Rosario**; August 1, 1943 – April 6, 2017) was an American singer, musician and political activist. He first recorded in the late 1960s with Harold Black, Billy Joe White, George Cori and Larry Adam performing as David Peel and The Lower East Side Band. His raw, acoustic "street rock" with lyrics about marijuana and "bad cops" appealed mostly to hippies.

Peel has appeared as himself many movies, including _Please Stand By_ (1972), _Rude Awakening_ (1989), _High Times' Potluck_ (2004) and _The U.S. vs. John Lennon_ (2006).

Peel died on April 6, 2017 at a hospital in Manhattan, New York from complications of a heart attack, aged 73.

## Other websites

- The "Official online shrine"
- David Peel's homepage

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: David Peel
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York, U.S.
- **image**: Peel-pot-parade-1994-arch.jpg
- **caption**: Peel performing in 1994
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Lower East Side, United States, U.S.
- **genre**: Protopunk, folk rock
- **years active**: 1968–2017
- **label**: Elektra Records, Apple Records, Orange Records
- **birth name**: David Michael Rosario
Jerzy Vetulani

**Jerzy Adam Gracjan Vetulani** (21 January 1936 – 6 April 2017) was a Polish neuroscientist, pharmacologist and biochemist, professor of natural sciences. He was born in Kraków.

Vetulani was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Learning from 1991 until his death in 2017. He was one of the most frequently cited Polish scientists in the field of biomedicine after 1965.

Vetulani died at the age of 81 on 6 April 2017 at a hospital in Kraków from complications of injuries sustained after being struck by an automobile in early March.

## Other websites

- _Piękno neurobiologii_ blog
Marthe Gosteli

**Marthe Gosteli** (22 December 1917 – 7 April 2017) was a Swiss suffrage activist and archivist.

Gosteli led the fight for women's right to vote in Switzerland. Later she focused her attention on preserving the history of Swiss women. She created an archive of women's biographies and history. Gosteli's work was recognized by many honors and awards, including the 2011 Swiss Human Rights Award.

Gosteli died from complications of a fall in Muri bei Bern, Switzerland on 7 April 2017, aged 99.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Marthe Gosteli
- **image**: Marthe Gosteli - Foto Boss.tif
- **birth place**: Worblaufen, Switzerland
- **death place**: Muri bei Bern, Switzerland
- **nationality**: Swiss
- **occupation**: archivist and suffrage activist
- **years active**: 19402014
- **known for**: creating the Swiss women's history archive
Tim Pigott-Smith

**Timothy Peter Pigott-Smith** OBE (13 May 1946 – 7 April 2017) was an English movie and television actor and author. He won the Fantasporto Award for Best Actor in 2002 for his role in _Bloody Sunday_. He was known for his role as Creedy in the 2005 movie _V for Vendetta_. He won a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in 1985.

Pigott-Smith was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to drama.

Pigott-Smith was born in Rugby, Warwickshire. He studied at Bristol University. In 1972, he married Pamela Miles. Pigott-Smith died on 7 April 2017 in Northampton, Northamptonshire from a suspected heart attack, aged 70.
Y. A. Tittle

**Yelberton Abraham Tittle Jr.** (October 24, 1926 – October 8, 2017),  better known as **Y. A. Tittle**, was an American professional American football quarterback. He played in the National Football League (NFL) for the San Francisco 49ers, New York Giants, and Baltimore Colts, after spending two seasons with the Colts in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC).

Tittle was the subject of a famous photograph of himself published in 1964. Tittle, in his 17th and final season, was photographed helmet-less, bloodied and kneeling immediately after having been knocked to the ground and lost a game, which Tittle described as "The end of the road".

Tittle was born in Marshall, Texas. He studied at Louisiana State University. He was married to Minnette Tittle until her death in 2012. They have one daughter, Dianne. Tittle suffered from a severe case of dementia. He died at his home in Stanford, California from the disease on October 8, 2017 at the age of 90.
Glenn O'Brien

**Glenn O'Brien** (March 2, 1947 – April 7, 2017) was an American writer, largely on the subjects of art, music and fashion.  He was featured for many years as "The Style Guy" in _GQ_ magazine, and published a book with that title. He was known for being part of The Factory with Andy Warhol.

He has worked as an editor at different magazines, and published the arts and literature magazine _Bald Ego_ from 2003-2005.

From 1978 to 1982, O'Brien hosted a New York city Public-access television cable TV show called _TV Party_.

O'Brien died of complications from pneumonia in Manhattan on April 6, 2017 at the age of 70.

## Other websites

- Official website for Glenn O'Brien
- Style Guy Blog
- List of article, interviews and reviews by Glenn O’Brien
- O'Brien's final interview as Editor-In-Chief of _Interview_ magazine  in _The Block_ Issue 18
- Glenn O'Brien on How to Be a Man on YouTube

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Glenn O'Brien
- **image**: Glenn O'Brien 8834.jpg
- **birth date**: March 2, 1947
- **birth place**: Cleveland, Ohio, Cleveland, Ohio, United States, U.S.
- **death date**: April 7, 2017 (aged 70)
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Writer
- **nationality**: Irish American, American
- **alma mater**: Georgetown University and Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
- **spouse**: Gina Nanni (until his death)
- **awards**: named one of Top 10 Most Stylish Men in America by GQ Magazine
2017 Shayrat missile strike

On the morning of 7 April 2017, during the Syrian Civil War, the United States launched 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Mediterranean Sea into Syria, aimed at Shayrat Air Base. The strike was ordered by U.S. President Donald Trump as a direct response to the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack on 4 April 2017.

The strike was the first unilateral attack by the United States military to intentionally target the Ba'athist Syrian government forces during the war.

President Trump justified the strike by stating that it is in the national security interest of the United States to prevent and deter the spread and use of deadly chemical weapons in the world.
Jean Douchet

**Jean Douchet** (; 19 January 1929 – 21 November 2019) was a French movie director, historian, movie critic and teacher. He began his career in the early 1950s at _Gazette du Cinéma_ and _Cahiers du cinema_ with members of the future French New Wave.

Douchet died on 21 November 2019 in Paris at the age of 90.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jean Douchet
- **image**: Jean Douchet July25 2010 Fot Mariusz Kubik 05.JPG
- **birth place**: Arras, Pas-de-Calais, France
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **occupation**: Movie critic, teacher, Movie director
- **yearsactive**: 1957-2019
Jacques Rozier

**Jacques Rozier** (; 10 November 1926 – 31 May 2023) was a French movie director and screenwriter. He was one of the known members of the French New Wave movement and worked with Jean-Luc Godard. Three of his movies have been screened at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1978, he was a member of the jury at the 28th Berlin International Film Festival. Rozier was born in Paris, France.

Rozier died on 31 May 2023 at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Biography on newwavefilm.com
- cineresources.com archive of articles
Armand Gatti

**Armand Gatti** (; January 26, 1924 – April 6, 2017) was a Monegasque-born French playwright, poet, journalist, screenwriter, filmmaker and World War II resistance fighter.

Gatti was born in Monte Carlo, Monaco.

Gatti's first movie, _Enclosure_, was entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival where he won the Silver Prize for Best Director. Two years later, his movie _El Otro Cristóbal_ was entered into the 1963 Cannes Film Festival.

In 2013 he was awarded the Grand prix du théâtre de l'Académie française.

Gatti died on April 6, 2017 in Saint-Mandé, France, aged 93.

## Other websites

- Official site
Matt Murphy

**Matthew Tyler "Matt" Murphy** (December 29, 1929 – June 15, 2018), known as **Matt "Guitar" Murphy**, was an American blues guitarist.

Murphy was born in Sunflower, Mississippi.

Murphy worked a lot with Memphis Slim, including on his album _At the Gate of Horn_ (1959). Murphy did not have a band of his own until 1982 but did work in the studio and on stage with many musicians, including Ike Turner,  Muddy Waters, James Cotton, Otis Rush, Etta James, Sonny Boy Williamson II, Chuck Berry and Joe Louis Walker. He gave a memorable performance in 1963 on the American Folk Blues Festival tour of Europe with his "Matt's Guitar Boogie".

Murphy suffered a stroke in 2003 but returned to perform a few years later. He died on June 15, 2018 in Miami, Florida from a heart attack at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- Interview with Murphy
Mark Rydell

**Mark Rydell** (born **Mortimer Horace Rydell**; March 23, 1929) is an American actor, movie director and producer.

Rydell has directed many Academy Award-nominated movies including _The Fox_ (1967), _The Reivers_ (1969), _Cinderella Liberty_ (1973), _The Rose_ (1979), _The River_ (1984) and _For the Boys_ (1991).

Rydell was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director for _On Golden Pond_ (1981).

## Other websites

- The Total Picture Seminar  – A Seminar with Martin Landau, Mark Rydell, and Lyle Kessler covering filmmaking.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Mark Rydell (Amiens nov.2008) 3a.jpg
- **name**: Mark Rydell
- **birth name**: Mortimer Horace Rydell
- **birth place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, director, producer
Ferenc Doór

**Ferenc Doór** (14 June 1918 – 10 July 2015) was a Hungarian painter and graphic artist, "The lover of the Danube and Szentendre".

## Life

He was born in Petrilla, Transylvania on 14 June 1918. Between 1938–1941 he studied on the Hungarian University of Fine Arts in Budapest under the István Szőnyi's hands. After the World War II he suffered a captivity of war in Siberia for three years. After his release terminated his study in 1949, as instructor (assistant professor) of Szőnyi involved in the circulation of Hungarian artistic life. In 1957 he became a member of the Art Fund of Fine Arts Association.

By the Nagybánya's painting lessons continued painting with natural themes and human figures appear rich color scheme, has joined forces shaping a balanced composition. Oil paintings and water-like substance, were the main elements his expression of color and light.

As from his works himself wrote: "I tried my work faithfully follow art my ideas - to capture the potential of everyday life images of beauty - small joys and sorrows, our time and the change of a landscape typical timeless atmosphere of human destinies".

He was died in his Szentendre's home at age of 97 years in 10 July 2015.

## Exhibitions

He had numerous exhibitions in Hungary and abroad, worked for decades in Szentendre and the creative community of artists houses in Szigliget, Kecskemét, Hódmezővásárhely and Mártély.
In the 1950s onward featured in the Hall of Art, Budapest a common ones and in other exhibition spaces in the country.

### Individual

- 1959 • Fényes Adolf Terem, Budapest
- 1965, 1971, 1983 • Derkovits Terem, Budapest
- 1974 • Zalaegerszeg
- 1979 • Nyíregyháza
- 1975, 1976 • Galleria Antelami, Bologna
- 1972 • Galerie Glaub, Cologne
- 1975, 1978 • Parma
- 1990 • Csók Gallery, Budapest
- 1993 • Művelődési Ház, Dunaföldvár

### In group

- Műcsarnok országos tárlatai
- Hall of Art, Budapest
- Vásárhelyi Őszi Tárlatok, Hódmezővásárhely
- Szegedi Nyári Tárlatok
- Hatvani Biennálék
- Humor and Cartoon, Gabrovo

## Works in galleries

- Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
- Déri Museum, Debrecen
- Sárospataki Múzeum, Sárospatak
- Gabrovo
- Plovdiv
- Sozopol

## Prizes

In 2011, he became the _Hungarian Gold Cross of Merit_ honors.

## Literature

- Doór, Ferenc: Autobiography, 1998
- Artportal.hu
Dan Carter

**Daniel William** "**Dan**" **Carter**  (born 5 March 1982) is a New Zealand rugby union player.
Tribes of Israel

The **Israelites** were divided into twelve **tribes**, according to the twelve sons of the Biblical patriarch, Jacob:

1. Asher
1. Benjamin
1. Dan
1. Gad
1. Issachar
1. Joseph
1. Judah
1. Levi
1. Naphtali
1. Reuben
1. Simeon
1. Zebulun

The Land of Israel was divided among those tribes, but there were a few exceptions:
- The tribe of Levi got no land but had to do temple duties.
- The tribe of Joseph was divided into two sub tribes:
    - Ephraim
    - Manasseh
Sanhedrin

The **Sanhedrin** was a group of judges who led the Jewish people of every city in the Land of Israel. Their name is Greek and means "council" or "assembly." There were between twenty-three and seventy-one judges in each Sanhedrin. According to the Hebrew Bible, God commanded Moses and the Israelites to make councils of judges and to do what they said.

The **Great Sanhedrin** in Jerusalem led the other councils. It met every day except on holidays and Shabbat. After the Romans destroyed the Second Temple, the Great Sanhedrin moved to Galilee. It made its last law in 358 CE when it abandoned the Hebrew calendar. It stopped meeting because of persecution. Some people have tried to bring it back, such as Napoleon Bonaparte. These attempts have not been successful so far.
1978 Sikh–Nirankari clashes

On 13 April 1978, a violent incident happened between the Sant Nirankari Mission and traditional Sikhs. This was at Amritsar, Punjab, India. Sixteen people were killed.

This incident eventually led to Operation Blue Star and the Punjab insurgency in the 1980s. Clashes occurred when Akhand Kirtani Jatha and Damdami Taksal members led by Fauja Singh protested against and tried to stop a convention of Sant Nirankari Mission followers. This incident is considered to be a starting point in the events leading to Operation Blue Star and the 1980s insurgency in Punjab.

The turning point in the Sikh-Nirankari relationship is believed to have come after Avtar Singh took over as the sect chief in 1943. He not only proclaimed himself “Satguru” but also introduced a book “Avtar Bani” and allegedly tried to copy Sikh symbols like starting the system of Sat Piare etc. He was successful in organising Nirankaris into a powerful sect. However, in his book “A History of The Sikhs”, Khushwant Singh noted that the fundamental difference between both was that the Nirankaris were worshiping gurus other than the 10 recognised by the Sikhs.

However, the conflict reached its peak on April 13, 1978. Activists of the Akhand Kirtni Jatha and Damdai Taksal marched towards the venue of a Nirankari convention in Amritsar. It led to a clash that left at least 17 dead and a majority of them were Sikhs.

Following the deadly clash in 1978, Akal Takht issued a hukamnama asking Sikhs to sever ties with Nirankari Sikhs. Later in 1980 in Delhi, Akhand Kirtani Jatha’s Ranjit Singh killed Nirankari chief Gurbachan Singh. Ranjit Singh was later nominated as Akal Takht Jathedar.
Theodicy

**Theodicy** is a branch of theology that seeks to explain why a God that is seen as all-loving, all-seeing, and all-powerful allows evil to exist. The word comes from the Greek words for God and Judgment and so means the judgment of God. It was first made up  by the German philosopher Gottfried Leibniz in 1710 in his work _Théodicée_. The subject has been the focus of argument and thought for hundreds of years before that and since.

Theodicy tries to explain why God, who has complete free will, has the power to change anything he wants to, can see all the evil in the world and is all-loving and compassionate, yet does nothing to alleviate the suffering in the world, especially the suffering of innocents.

The weakness of the arguments for Theodicy are  often used by atheists to emphasise the problems that go with the belief in God.

## Some arguments

There are many arguments to try and explain evil; here is an incomplete list:

- The argument of the “Greater Good”. God has a plan for the world which is unfolding as it should; this involves some suffering at the hands of evil for the arrival at a destination for the greater good of all. This is also called the Ultimate Harmony Theodicy .
- The Augustinian defence, originating from Saint Augustine of Hippo. God created the world as pure and good but it was spoiled by man through his sins and disobedience of God. This is also known as the Original Sin Theodicy, which says that evil came into the world because of humanity's original sin and so is the creation of humanity, not God.
- The  Irenaean  theodicy which was made by Irenaeus, a bishop who died in AD 202. This argues that God gave man free will, in other words the freedom to choose to do good or evil; this allows for the moral development of man.
- The Finite God Theodicy says that God is all-good but not all-powerful and so cannot prevent evil.
- "The best of all possible worlds" theodicy, which was thought up by Leibniz in 1710, says that God, because he is an infinitely perfect being, created a world that has the greatest possible balance of good and evil.
- Some forms of reincarnation believe that people suffer evil as a punishment for their wrong-doing in a previous life.
- Contrast Theodicy holds that evil is needed to enable people to appreciate or understand good.
- Warning Theodicy rationalizes evil as God’s warning to people to mend their ways.

## Related pages

- Cosmological argument
- Theism
- Theodicy of disprivilege
Capstan (nautical)

A **capstan** is a machine that is used on sailing ships to pull ropes and cables (also called hawsers). It has a vertical axle, and is very much like the windlass, which has a horizontal axle.

Grip on power pull capstan and it's opposite brakeforce on bollard posts; both work thru Capstan Equation

Man powered capstan is a 2nd Class Lever concentrating man force inwards to smaller radius for more power from levers.

Motor powered capstan spins motor shaft from inside post/not outside levers so is a 3rd Class Lever delivering force wider radius than motor shaft force input.
Colleges and universities in Georgia (U.S. state)

This is a list of colleges and universities in Georgia:

## Public

|School|Location|
| --- | --- |
|Georgia Institute of Technology|Atlanta|
|University of Georgia|Athens|
|Augusta University|Augusta|
|Georgia State University|Atlanta|
|Georgia Southern University|Statesboro|
|Kennesaw State University|Kennesaw|
|University of West Georgia|Carrollton|
|Valdosta State University|Valdosta|
|Albany State University|Albany|
|Armstrong State University|Savannah|
|Clayton State University|Morrow|
|Columbus State University|Columbus|
|Fort Valley State University|Fort Valley|
|Georgia College & State University|Milledgeville|
|Georgia Southwestern State University|Americus|
|Middle Georgia State University|Macon|
|Savannah State University|Savannah|
|University of North Georgia|Dahlonega|
|Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College|Tifton|
|Atlanta Metropolitan State College|Atlanta|
|Bainbridge State College|Bainbridge|
|College of Coastal Georgia|Brunswick|
|Dalton State College|Dalton|
|East Georgia State College|Swainsboro|
|Georgia Gwinnett College|Lawrenceville|
|Georgia Highlands College|Rome|
|Gordon State College|Barnesville|
|South Georgia State College|Douglas|
|Albany Technical College|Albany|
|Atlanta Technical College|Atlanta|
|Augusta Technical College|Augusta|
|Georgia Military College|Milledgeville|
|Wiregrass Georgia Technical College|Valdosta|
|Southern Regional Technical College|Thomasville|
|Central Georgia Technical College|Macon|
|Chattahoochee Technical College|Marietta|
|Coastal Pines Technical College|Waycross|
|Columbus Technical College|Columbus|

## Private

|School|Location|
| --- | --- |
|Emory University|Druid Hills|
|Mercer University|Macon|
|Savannah College of Art and Design|Savannah|
|South University|Savannah|
|Morehouse College|Atlanta|
|Spelman College|Atlanta|
|Wesleyan College|Macon|
|Clark Atlanta University|Atlanta|
|Young Harris College|Young Harris|
|Agnes Scott College|Decatur|
|Andersonville Seminary|Camilla|
|Berry College|Mount Berry|
|Brewton-Parker College|Mount Vernon|
|Art Institute of Atlanta|Atlanta|
|Covenant College|Lookout Mountain|
|Emmanuel College|Franklin Springs|
|Oglethorpe University|Atlanta|
|Piedmont College|Demorest|
|Ralston College|Savannah|
|Reinhardt University|Waleska|
|Shorter University|Rome|
|Andrew College|Cuthbert|
Android 18 (Dragon Ball)

**Android 18** is a female character in the manga series Dragon Ball and the anime _Dragon Ball Z_. She is an android created by Dr. Gero to kill Goku.

## Physical appearance

Android 18 is a beautiful blonde woman of average height and build she has blue eyes, and wears golden hoop earrings in both ears when she first appeared in Dragon Ball Z she wears a blue demin and skirt with a RR (Red Ribbon) logo. She also wears dark blue tights, a brown belt, brown boots and a black skirt that has white and black striped long sleeve. After the defeat of Cell she wears pale blue buttoned up demin vest, white jeans, red hoop earrings along with a red bracelet on her left hand and black flip flops.

## Background

Android 18 was originally a human along with her twin brother Android 17. She and her brother 17 were delinquents until the scientist Dr. Gero kidnapped them and reconstruct them into superhumans (androids).

## Character role

Android 18's personality is portrayed as calm, cool and confident with some sarcasm. During her early appearances in Dragon Ball Z she was arrogant and usually annoyed by her brother Android 17's wild behavior.

After the defeat of Cell, Android 18 settled down and married Krillin. They have a daughter named Marron. In the Buu arc, her involvement was minimal and could be frequently seen with the other Z Fighters at Kami's lookout.

Android 18 also appears in spin-offs Dragon Ball GT and Dragon Ball Super. In Dragon Ball GT.

## In other media

Android 18 appears in several Dragon Ball Z movies and videos games. She appears in Dragon Ball movies like **Super Android 13** , **Bio-Broly**, **Battle of Gods**, **Resurrection F** and in video games like **Dragon Ball Z Budokai Tenkaichi** series, **Dragon Ball Z Raging Blast 1 and 2** etc.

## Infobox (character)

- **color**: Pink
- **name**: Android 18
- **series**: Dragon Ball
- **image**: Android 18 cosplayer and Dokkan Battle poster at BNET booth 20170813.jpg
- **caption**: Android 18
- **first**: "Dragon Ball" (manga): "The Androids Awake!"
- **relatives**: *Android 17 <small>(Brother)</small>
* Krillin <small>(Husband) </small>
* Marron <small>(Daughter) </small>
Kim Young-ae

**Kim Young-ae** (; 21 April 1951 – 9 April 2017) was a South Korean actress. She appeared in over sixty movies and 100 television shows. She was best known for her leading role in _The Attorney_ (2013). She was born in Yeongdo District of Busan.

Kim died from pancreatic cancer on 9 April 2017 in Seoul. She was 65.
Palm Sunday church bombings

On Palm Sunday, 9 April 2017, twin suicide bombings at St. George's Church in the northern Egyptian city of Tanta on the Nile delta, and Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral, the principal church in Alexandria, seat of the Coptic papacy.

In the aftermath of the attacks, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi gathered the country's security council. At least 43 people were killed and more than 136 injured. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Sinai Province (also called ISIS or ISIL) group claimed responsibility for the attacks in an online statement.
Atanase Sciotnic

**Atanase Sciotnic** (1 March 1942 – 5 April 2017) was a Romanian sprint canoeist. He was a member of Dinamo Bucharest. He was born in Tulcea County, Romania.

Sciotnic took part in the two-man and four man events at most major competitions between 1963 and 1974 and won two Olympic and nine world championships medals, including four gold medals.

Sciotnic died on 5 April 2017 in Bucharest at the age of 75.

## Other websites

- ICF medalists for Olympic and World Championships – Part 1: flatwater (now sprint): 1936–2007.
- ICF medalists for Olympic and World Championships – Part 2: rest of flatwater (now sprint) and remaining canoeing disciplines: 1936–2007.
Relja Bašić

**Relja Bašić** (14 February 1930 – 7 April 2017) was a Croatian actor and politician. He was one of the most well known Croatian actors with a career which lasted for more than half a century. He was best remembered role is Mr. Fulir in 1970 cult musical comedy _Tko pjeva zlo ne misli_.

Bašić was born on 14 February 1930 in Zagreb, at the time of Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He was born to a Jewish mother Elly (née Lerch) Bašić.

During 1992 parliamentary elections he appeared as that party's candidate in one of Zagreb constituencies.

In 1995, President Tuđman awarded him with the Order of Danica Hrvatska. Bašić also acted as a UNESCO Artist for Peace.

Bašić suffered from a femur fracture years before his death. Bašić died on 7 April 2017 in Zagreb, Croatia, aged 87.

## Other websites

- Bašić's best remembered role is Mr. Fulir in 1970 cult musical comedy _Tko pjeva zlo ne misli_ _(One Song a Day Takes Mischief Away)_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Relja Bašić
- **image**: Relja Basic, Filmski susreti u Nisu 1984.jpg
- **caption**: at Niš in 1984
- **birth place**: Zagreb, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, (now Croatia)
- **death place**: Zagreb, Croatia
- **nationality**: Croats, Croat
- **occupation**: Actor
Peter Isaacson

**Peter Stuart Isaacson**, AM, DFC, AFC, DFM (31 July 1920 – 7 April 2017) was an Australian publisher and decorated military pilot.

Isaacson was owner of Peter Isaacson Publications, the publisher of various trade publications and suburban newspapers including the _Southern Cross_ and the _Sunday Observer_ in Melbourne.

During World War II, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) as a pilot with RAF Bomber Command and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Force Cross and the Distinguished Flying Medal.

Issaacson died on 7 April 2017 at the age of 96, following a short illness in Melbourne, Australia. He was survived by his sons; Anne had died the year before.

## Infobox (military person)

- **image**: Flight_Lieutentant_Peter_Isaacson_DFC_AFC_DFM_1943.jpg
- **image size**: 220
- **caption**: Flight Lieutenant Isaacson with Lancaster _Q-for-Queenie_, 1943
- **name**: Peter Stuart Isaacson
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: Melbourne, Australia
- **allegiance**: Australia
- **branch**: Royal Australian Air Force
- **serviceyears**: 1940–46 (RAAF)
1946–69 (RAAF Reserve)
- **rank**: Wing Commander (rank), Wing Commander
- **unit**: RAF Bomber Command
- **battles**: World War II
- **laterwork**: Publisher
Christopher Morahan

**Christopher Thomas Morahan** CBE (9 July 1929 – 7 April 2017) was an English stage and television director and production executive.

From 1972 to 1976, he was the Head of Plays for BBC Television, a department responsible for such series as _Play for Today_. Morahan joined the National Theatre in 1977 as Deputy Director and was appointed Co-Director of the Olivier Theatre.

He was involved in creating the 14-part television drama _The Jewel in the Crown_ (1984), of which he was co-director and producer. The series won a Primetime Emmy Award and a BAFTA TV Award in 1985.

Morahan was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2011 Birthday Honours for services to drama.

Morahan died on 7 April 2017 in London at the age of 87. He died on the same day as Tim Pigott-Smith, one of the leads in _The Jewel in the Crown_.

## Other websites

- Christopher Morahan (Aveleyman)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Christopher Morahan
- **image**: Christopher Morahan.JPEG
- **caption**: Christopher Morahan at the National Theatre Studio, November 2010
- **imagesize**: 230
- **birth place**: London, England
- **death place**: London, England
- **occupation**: Stage and television director
- **spouse**: Joan Murray (her death)
Anna Carteret
- **children**: 5
- **years active**: 1957–2017
Fishman (wrestler)

**José Ángel Nájera Sánchez** (January 6, 1951 – April 8, 2017) was a Mexican _luchador_ or professional wrestler best known under the ring name _Fishman_.

Fishman was one of the top wrestlers in the mid-1970s and 1980s and has worked for Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre, the Universal Wrestling Association, the World Wrestling Association and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración in Mexico as well as frequent trips to Japan and the United States.

Nájera was unmasked after losing a match in 2000 and retired shortly afterwards. Three of his sons are all _luchadors enmascarados_ (masked wrestlers) known by their ring names Black Fish, El Hijo del Fishman and El Único de Ciudad Juárez.

Nájera died on April 8, 2017 of a heart attack.

## Infobox (professional wrestler)

- **name**: Fishman
- **alt**: Color picture of a man in a shirt and pants, wearing a green and yellow mask holding a figure of himself.
- **caption**: Fishman being honored in the ring in 2009
- **birthname**: José Ángel Nájera Sánchez
- **birth place**: Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
- **death place**: Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua (state), Chihuahua, Mexico
- **spouse**: Lola González, María Dolores González (ex-wife)
- **children**: Black Fish (wrestler), Black Fish (son)
El Hijo del Fishman (son)
- **names**: Goliath Reyes
Titán
**Fishman**
- **trainer**: Marco Tulio
Bulldog Villegas
El Rebelde
Sunny War Cloud
- **debut**: November 1969
- **retired**: 2000
- **website**: [http://www.facebook.com/fishman.original.luchador Facebook page]
Water bottle

A **water bottle** is a container that is used to hold water, liquids or other beverages for drinking. Using a water bottle allows people to transport, and drink, a beverage from one place to another.

Water bottles can be either disposable or reusable. Some water bottles are reusable and can help save the environment by reducing waste.
Georgy Grechko

**Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko** (; 25 May 1931 – 8 April 2017) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on several space flights including Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26, and Soyuz T-14.

He was twice awarded the medal of Hero of the Soviet Union.

He resigned from the space programme in 1992 to lecture on atmospheric physics at the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Grechko has written his memoirs as "Космонавт No. 34: От лучины до пришельцев," (Cosmonaut No. 34 From Splinter to Aliens) Olma Media Grupp, Moscow, 2013.

Grechko died aged 85 from heart failure. He was survived by wife Lyudmila and daughter Olga.

## Other websites

- "Cosmonaut No. 34. From a sliver to aliens" (G. M. Grechko, 2013, OLMA Media Group)
- S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" – edited by C. A. Lopota, RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014
- The official website of the city administration Baikonur – Honorary citizens of Baikonur

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **name**: Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko
- **type**: Cosmonaut
- **image**: Georgy Grechko.jpg
- **caption**: Grechko in 2011
- **nationality**: Soviet Union, Soviet
- **birth date**: 25 May 1931
- **birth place**: Saint Petersburg, Leningrad, Soviet Union
- **death date**: 8 April 2017 (aged 85)
- **death place**: Moscow, Russia
- **occupation**: Engineer
- **selection**: List of astronauts by selection#1968, Civilian Specialist Group 3
- **time**: 134d 20h 32m
- **mission**: Soyuz 17, Salyut 4 Soyuz 26, Salyut 6, Salyut 6 EO-1, Soyuz 27, Soyuz T-14, Salyut 7, Salyut 7 EP-5, Soyuz T-13
- **awards**: Hero of the Soviet Union (2)
Knut Borge

**Knut Conrad Borge** (2 September 1949 – 9 April 2017) was a Norwegian journalist and television presenter. Borge was born in Bærum.

Borge became a freelancer for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation in 1973. Among his shows were _Borgulfsen_ from 1984 to 1997, and _Swing&Sweet_ from 1986 to 1999.

Borge has hosted the _Spellemannprisen_ show several times. From 2004 he hosted the classical quiz show _20 spørsmål_. He worked as a jazz columnist and journalist for _Verdens Gang_ from 1979 to 1989, and for _Dagens Næringsliv_ from 1990 to 1995. His books include _Det største siden Svartedauen_ from 1986, and _Kjære Skrythals_ from 1994 (with Tore Skoglund).

Borge died in Oslo on 9 April 2017 from heart failure, aged 67.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Knut Borge
- **image**: Studio Sokrates Herr Nilsen NRK (165014).jpg
- **caption**: From a 2016 recording of the radio show _Studio Sokrates_
- **birth place**: Bærum, Norway
- **death place**: Oslo, Norway
- **death cause**: Heart failure
Mark Goldring

**Mark Ian Goldring** CBE (born 8 March 1957) is chief executive of Oxfam, the leading development charity. He started in May 2013.

Goldring has a bachelor's degree in law from Keble College, Oxford, and a master's degree in Social Policy in Developing Countries from the London School of Economics.

Before joining Oxfam, Goldring was chief executive of Mencap for five years.
Georges Prêtre

**Georges Prêtre** (; 14 August 1924 – 4 January 2017) was a French orchestral and opera conductor.

His Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, debut came in 1965, with first appearances at the Metropolitan Opera, New York City, and La Scala, Milan, also coming in the same decade. He worked with Maria Callas on a number of occasions, and made recordings of _Carmen_ and _Tosca_ with her.

Prêtre conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert twice, in 2008 and in 2010, the only French conductor to have been appointed for this role.

Prêtre died in his home in Navès (Tarn), near Castres on 4 January 2017, aged 92.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Georges Prêtre
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth date**: 14 August 1924
- **birth place**: Waziers, Nord (French department), Nord, France
- **death place**: Navès, Tarn, France
- **genre**: Classical music, Classical, opera
- **occupation**: Conducting, Conductor
Barbara Helsingius

**Barbara Christina Elisabeth Helsingius-Koski** (née **Helsingius**; 27 September 1937 – 9 March 2017) was a Finnish singer, poet, and Olympic fencer. She participated at the 1960 Summer Olympics. She was born in Helsinki.

Helsingius became well-known internationally, and was a member of Visens venner in Norway. She was a member of the joint Nordic cultural organisation NordVisa.

Helsingius died from a long illness on 9 March 2017 in Espoo, Finland. She was 79 years old.
Carme Chacón

**Carme María Chacón Piqueras** (; 13 March 1971 – 9 April 2017) was a Spanish Socialist politician.

Chacón was Minister of Defense from 2008 to 2011 in the cabinet led by Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. She also served as Minister of Housing from 2007 through 2008.

With the landslide defeat of Zapatero in the November 2011 selections, Chacón resigned the Defense Minister's post to Pedro Morenés in December 2011.

She filed to be Spanish Socialist Workers' Party General Secretary. On 4 February 2012 she lost to Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba 487 to 465 votes  in the 38th congress of the party.

Chacón died on April 9, 2017 in Madrid from a rare form of heart disease, aged 46.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Carme Chacón
- **image**: Carme Chacón at the Pentagon in Washingon, DC, USA (crop).jpg
- **office**: Minister of Defence (Spain), Minister of Defence
- **primeminister**: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
- **term start**: 14 April 2008
- **term end**: 22 December 2011
- **predecessor**: José Antonio Alonso
- **successor**: Pedro Morenés
- **office2**: Ministry of Housing (Spain), Minister of Housing
- **primeminister2**: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
- **term start2**: 9 July 2007
- **term end2**: 11 April 2008
- **predecessor2**: María Antonia Trujillo
- **successor2**: Beatriz Corredor
- **birth name**: Carme Chacón Piqueras
- **birth place**: Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- **death place**: Madrid, Spain
- **spouse**: Miguel Barroso (2007-2016)
- **children**: Miquel
- **party**: Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, PSOE (Socialists' Party of Catalonia, PSC)
- **alma mater**: University of Barcelona
- **occupation**: Lawyer
Professor
Shecky Greene

**Shecky Greene** (born **Fred Sheldon Greenfield**; April 8, 1926 – December 31, 2023) was an American comedian. He was known for his nightclub performances in Las Vegas, where he became a headliner in the 1950s.

Greene appeared in several movies, including _Tony Rome_, _History of the World, Part I_ and _Splash_, and has guest starred on such television shows as _Mad About You_, _Laverne & Shirley_, _Love, American Style_, and _Combat!_.

Greene died at his home in Las Vegas on New Year's Eve 2023, at the age of 97.

## Other websites

- Outrageous and Courageous: The Myth and Legend of Shecky Greene by Kliph Nesteroff - WFMU
- An interview with Shecky Greene, June 2011, Part One
- An interview with Shecky Greene, June 2011, Part Two

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Shecky Greene in The Love Machine 1971 (cropped).jpg
- **name**: Shecky Greene
- **caption**: Greene in _The Love Machine_ 1971
- **birthname**: Fred Sheldon Greenfield
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.
- **education**: Wilbur Wright College
- **years active**: 1954–2023
- **occupation**: Comedian
- **spouse**:
Bill Page

**Bill Page** (September 11, 1925 – April 26, 2017) was an American reed player, band leader, and entrepreneur. He was best known for his work in the Lawrence Welk Band.

Page was born in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Wilbur Wright College.

Page left the Lawrence Welk Show in 1965 and went on to perform with Barry Manilow, Ted Mack, Frank Gorshin, Judy Garland, and on _The Tonight Show_ starring Johnny Carson.

Page died on April 26, 2017 in Studio City, Los Angeles at the age of 91.
Chuck Nergard

**Charles Lester (Chuck) Nergard** (February 6, 1929 – November 9, 2017) was an American politician in the state of Florida.

## Early life

Nergard was born in Chicago in 1929 and moved to Florida in 1956. He studied at Schurz Junior College, Wright Junior College, and George Williams College.

## Political career

As a Republican, he represented the 76th District which is in St. Lucie County, Florida. He served from 1967 to 1976 and from 1978 to 1990.

## Personal life

He was married to Catherine Misheck. They had two children. During his time in the House, Nergard was also a part-time real estate developer. His religion was listed as Lutheran.

Nergard died in Port St. Lucie, Florida on November 9, 2017 at the age of 88.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Chuck Nergard
- **image**: ChuckNergard.jpg
- **state house**: Florida
- **district**: 76th
- **term start**: 1967
- **term end**: 1976
- **term start2**: 1978
- **term end2**: 1990
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois
- **death place**: Port St. Lucie, Florida
- **party**: Republican
- **occupation**: real estate agent
- **spouse**: Catherine Mischeck
- **alma mater**: George Williams College