juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ilkka Nummisto

**Ilkka Kalevi Nummisto** (24 April 1944 – 29 June 2019) was a Finnish sprint canoer. He competed at four Summer Olympics (1964, 1968, 1972 and 1976). His best Olympic finish was fifth in the K-4 1000 m event in Mexico City, 1968. After his Olympic career finished, he appeared in the finals of the World's Strongest Man competition five times between 1986 and 1992.

Nummisto was born in Turku. He died on 29 June 2019, at the age of 75.

## Other websites

- Ilkka Nummisto at the International Olympic Committee
Boat keel

On boats and ships, the **keel** is the central part. The rest of it is built around it.  When a boat or ship is being built then the keel laying down is the first step and the date is noted as the start of the job. Only the launching of the ship is more important.

## History

Evidence of early wooden ship keels has been found around the world. In Europe, Viking longships have been found which were buried but still show their keel and the way the boat was built.

The adjustable centerboard keel traces its roots to the medieval Chinese Song dynasty. Many Song Chinese junk ships had a ballasted and bilge keel that consisted of wooden beams bound together with iron hoops. Maritime technology and the technological know-how allowed Song dynasty ships to be used in naval warfare between the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jin dynasty (1115–1234), and the Mongols.

## Metal keels

The most common type of keel is the "flat plate keel", and this is fitted to ocean-going ships and other vessels. A form of keel found on smaller vessels is the "bar keel", which may be fitted in trawlers, tugs, and smaller ferries.

### Non-sailing keels

In non-sailing boats, the keel helps the hull to move forward, rather than slipping to the side. In traditional boat building, this is provided by the keel, which comes out from the bottom of the hull. There are many types of keels, including full keels, long keels, fin keels, winged keels, bulb keels, and twin keels among other designs.

### Yacht keels

The keel works by changing the sideways movement of the wind into a forward movement.  It also gives weight to the boat.

Keels are different from centreboards and made of heavy materials to give weight to steady the boat.  Keels may be fixed or they may lift up to allow sailing when the water is not deep. The amount of sail use is smaller when sailing with the keel up in the boat.

Other types of keels are swing keels and canting keels. Canting keels can move sideways and can be on racing yachts, such as those in the Volvo Ocean Race.
Johnny Briceño

**John Antonio Briceño**, commonly known as **Johnny Briceño** (born 17 July 1960), is a Belizean politician. He has been the Prime Minister of Belize since 12 November 2020. He is the leader of the People's United Party (PUP) since 2016.

He was Leader of the Opposition from 2008 to 2011 and from 2016 to 2020. From 1998 to 2007, he was Deputy Prime Minister under Prime Minister Said Musa.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **image**: John Briceño (cropped).jpg
- **name**: John Antonio Briceño
- **office**: 5th Prime Minister of Belize
- **term start**: 12 November 2020
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
Charles III
- **governor general**: Sir Colville Young
Froyla Tzalam
- **deputy**: Cordel Hyde (2020–present)
- **predecessor**: Dean Barrow
- **office1**: Leader of the Opposition (Belize), Leader of the Opposition
- **term start1**: 31 January 2016
- **term end1**: 12 November 2020
- **primeminister1**: Dean Barrow
- **predecessor1**: Francis Fonseca
- **successor1**: Patrick Faber (politician), Patrick Faber
- **office2**: Member of the House of Representatives (Belize), Belize House of Representatives for Orange Walk Central
- **term start2**: 30 June 1993
- **birth place**: Orange Walk Town, British Honduras

- **birth name**: Juan Antonio Briceño
- **spouse**: Rossana Briceño
- **children**: 3
- **party**: People's United Party
- **alma mater**: St. John's College, Belize, St. John's College
University of Texas
Lost Lake (Santiam Pass, Linn County, Oregon)

**Lost Lake** is a lake in the Willamette National Forest, in Oregon, in the United States. It is known for the way that the water level changes during the year. There are lava tubes in the bottom of the lake. During the summer, the water drains out of the lake through these tubes. In some years, this leaves the lake with very little water, turning it mostly into a meadow. Starting in the autumn the lake begins to fill again. This happens as the amount of water coming in to the lake from streams and melting snow is higher than that flowing out. By spring, it has its highest water level.

The water that drains through the tubes is thought to go to nearby Clear Lake.

## Infobox (lake)

- **name**: Lost Lake
- **image**: Lost Lake (Linn County, Oregon scenic images) (linnD0003).jpg
- **image caption**: Lost Lake
- **location**: Linn County, Oregon, Linn County, Oregon, United States
- **basin countries**: United States
Bebearia ashantina

***Bebearia ashantina*** is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is also known as **Ashanti forester**. It is found in Ivory Coast and Ghana. The habitat consists of forests.

Adults are attracted to fallen fruit.
Lawrence Journal-World

The ***Lawrence Journal-World*** is a newspaper in Lawrence, Kansas, United States, by Ogden Newspapers. They publish every day.

## History

The _Journal-World_ name started in 1911. The paper says it goes back to 1858.

In 1891, Wilford Collins Simons moved to Lawrence. He took over the _Lawrence Record_ newspaper in a three-month lease. The _Lawrence World_ was first issued by Simons on March 2, 1892.

In 1905, the _World_ bought the _Lawrence Journal_. They merged the _Journal_ and _World_ in 1911 after a fire destroyed the offices of the _Journal_. The name _Lawrence Daily Journal_ dates back to 1880. However, that name just continued the name _Republican Daily Journal_. The name _Republican Daily Journal_ dates back to at least 1869. The _Republican Daily Journal_ seems to have been the successor through a sale and/or consolidation of earlier Lawrence newspapers. One of those papers dated to 1858. For years, the _Journal-World_ said it started in 1858.

Wilford Collins Simons was editor from 1891 until his death in 1952.

In October 2010, the World Company, which owns the Lawrence Journal-World, sold some of its news media business. They sold it to Knology for $165 million. Knology is an Internet and cable company.

On May 1, 2019, the Journal-World's offices moved from the historic post office building on 7th and New Hampshire streets building to an office in North Lawrence. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kansas moved into the old building.

## Infobox (newspaper)

- **name**: Lawrence Journal-World
- **image**: Lawrence Journal-World.JPG
- **caption**: Offices of the World Company, owner of the _Lawrence Journal-World_
- **type**: Daily newspaper
- **format**: Broadsheet
- **owners**: Ogden Newspapers
- **foundation**: March 2, 1892 (with heritage dating to 1858)
- **headquarters**: 1035 N 3rd Street,
Lawrence, Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, KS 66044
United States
Sankt Gallenkirch

**Sankt Gallenkirch** is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sankt Gallenkirch
- **image skyline**: Sankt Gallenkirch 1.JPG
- **image shield**: Wappen at sankt gallenkirch.png
- **shield size**: 80x110px
- **pushpin map**: Austria
- **pushpin mapsize**: 270
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Austria
- **image map**: Sankt Gallenkirch im Bezirk BZ.png
- **mapsize**: 260x260px
- **map caption**: Location in the district
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Austria
- **subdivision type1**: States of Austria, State
- **subdivision name1**: Vorarlberg
- **subdivision type2**: District (Austria), District
- **subdivision name2**: Bludenz District, Bludenz
- **parts style**: para
- **leader title**: Burgomaster, Mayor
- **leader name**: Josef Lechthaler
- **elevation m**: 878
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset**: +1
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **registration plate**: Vehicle registration plates of Austria, BZ
- **postal code type**: List of postal codes in Austria, Postal code
- **postal code**: 6791
- **area code type**: Telephone numbers in Austria, Area code
- **area code**: 05557
- **website**: [http://www.stgallenkirch.at www.stgallenkirch.at]
Bürs

**Bürs** is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bürs
- **image skyline**: Buers overview.jpg
- **image shield**: Wappen at bürs.png
- **shield size**: 80x110px
- **pushpin map**: Austria
- **pushpin mapsize**: 270
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Austria
- **image map**: Bürs im Bezirk BZ.png
- **mapsize**: 260x260px
- **map caption**: Location in the district
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Austria
- **subdivision type1**: States of Austria, State
- **subdivision name1**: Vorarlberg
- **subdivision type2**: District (Austria), District
- **subdivision name2**: Bludenz District, Bludenz
- **parts style**: para
- **leader title**: Burgomaster, Mayor
- **leader name**: Helmut Zimmermann
- **elevation m**: 570
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset**: +1
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **registration plate**: Vehicle registration plates of Austria, BZ
- **postal code type**: List of postal codes in Austria, Postal code
- **postal code**: 6706
- **area code type**: Telephone numbers in Austria, Area code
- **area code**: 05552
- **website**: [http://www.buers.at www.buers.at]
Stüsslingen

**Stüsslingen** is a municipality in Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Rohr became a part of Stüsslingen.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Stüsslingen
- **image photo**: Stuesslingen 126.JPG
- **municipality name**: Stüsslingen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Stüsslingen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Stüsslingen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Gösgen (district), Gösgen
- **postal code**: 4655
- **municipality code**: 2499
- **area**: 6.18
- **elevation**: 465
- **website**: www.stuesslingen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lostorf, Niedererlinsbach, Niedergösgen, Obererlinsbach, Rohr, Solothurn, Rohr
Kammersrohr

**Kammersrohr** is a municipality in the district Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Kammersrohr
- **image photo**: Kammersrohr Hof Alpenblick.jpg
- **municipality name**: Kammersrohr
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Kammersrohr-blason.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Kammersrohr.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Lebern (district), Lebern
- **postal code**: 4535
- **municipality code**: 2549
- **area**: 0.95
- **elevation**: 600
- **neighboring municipalities**: Attiswil (BE), Günsberg, Hubersdorf
Selzach

**Selzach** is a municipality in the district Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Selzach
- **municipality name**: Selzach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Selzach1.jpg
- **image caption**: Selzach
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Selzach COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Selzach.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Lebern (district), Lebern
- **postal code**: 2545
- **municipality code**: 2556
- **area**: 19.48
- **elevation**: 445
- **website**: www.selzach.ch
- **mayor**: Viktor Stüdeli
- **mayor title**: Gemeindepräsident
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bellach, Bettlach, Switzerland, Bettlach, Court (BE), Gänsbrunnen, Grenchen, Leuzigen (BE), Lommiswil, Lüsslingen, Nennigkofen, Oberdorf, Solothurn, Oberdorf
Holderbank, Solothurn

**Holderbank** is a municipality in the district Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Holderbank
- **image photo**: Holderbank SO 464.JPG
- **municipality name**: Holderbank
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Holderbank SO-blason.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Thal (district), Thal
- **postal code**: 4718
- **municipality code**: 2425
- **area**: 7.76
- **elevation**: 465
- **website**: www.holderbank-so.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Balsthal, Egerkingen, Langenbruck (BL), Mümliswil-Ramiswil, Oberbuchsiten
Welschenrohr

**Welschenrohr** () was a municipality in Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, the former municipalities of Gänsbrunnen and Welschenrohr merged to form the new municipality of Welschenrohr-Gänsbrunnen.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Welschenrohr
- **municipality name**: Welschenrohr
- **municipality type**: former
- **image photo**: Welschenrohr.jpg
- **image caption**: Welschenrohr
- **imagepath coa**: Welschenrohr-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Welschenrohr.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Thal (district), Thal
- **postal code**: 4716
- **municipality code**: 2429
- **area**: 12.99
- **elevation**: 680
- **website**: www.welschenrohr.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Balm bei Günsberg, Gänsbrunnen, Herbetswil, Oberdorf, Solothurn, Oberdorf, Rüttenen
Zullwil

**Zullwil** is a municipality in the district Thierstein in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Zullwil
- **municipality name**: Zullwil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Zullwil01.jpg
- **image caption**: Zullwil village
- **imagepath coa**: Zullwil-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Thierstein (district), Thierstein
- **postal code**: 4234
- **municipality code**: 2622
- **area**: 3.64
- **elevation**: 592
- **website**: www.zullwil.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Breitenbach, Switzerland, Breitenbach, Fehren, Meltingen, Nunningen
Street newspaper

**Street newspapers** (or **street papers**) are newspapers or magazines sold by homeless or poor people. They are created mostly to help these people. Most of these types of newspapers have information and news about homelessness and poverty-related issues. They also want to help homeless communities make friends. Street papers want to give these people job opportunities and a voice in their community. Many of these papers are sometimes produced and written by homeless people.
Change of Heart (street paper)

***Change of Heart*** is a street newspaper produced and sold in Lawrence, Kansas. It is published every 3 months. It was created by Craig Sweets in late 1996. who says the idea of starting a street newspaper was given to him by Michael Stoops. Stoops is the director of the National Coalition for the Homeless. The paper is a member of the North American Street Newspaper Association (NASNA), and it is the only street newspaper in Kansas.

The paper says 1200 people read it every 3 months. In 1999, the NASNA said the paper was the "Best New Street Newspaper in North America". In 1999, the paper was a single page printed on both sides and published using local churches' photocopiers. Since then, the paper is 10 pages long, and it has its own staff and computers.
Heinrichswil-Winistorf

**Heinrichswil-Winistorf** was a municipality in the district Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## History

The municipality was created in 1993 by the former municipalities Heinrichswil and Winistorf became the municipality of Heinrichswil-Winistorf. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Heinrichswil-Winistorf and Hersiwil merged to form the new municipality of Drei Höfe.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Heinrichswil-Winistorf
- **image photo**: 2011-04-17 Balonveturo (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 120.JPG
- **image caption**: Aerial view of Heinrichswil-Winistorf
- **municipality name**: Heinrichswil-Winistorf
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: GW-SO-Heinrichswil-Winistorf.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Wasseramt (district), Wasseramt
- **postal code**: 4558
- **municipality code**: 2521
- **area**: 3.13
- **elevation**: 475
- **population**: 530
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aeschi, Halten, Hellsau (BE), Hersiwil, Höchstetten, Switzerland, Höchstetten (BE), Recherswil, Seeberg (BE), Willadingen (BE)
Haskell-Baker Wetlands

The **Haskell-Baker Wetlands** is a nature preserve and wetlands. It is  big, and it is south of Lawrence, Kansas, United States. It is grouped with the Wakarusa River. It is maintained by levees and flood controls built in the 1990s.

Baker University owns 573 acres, which is most of the wetlands; Haskell Indian Nations University owns 27 acres; the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks owns 20 acres; the University of Kansas owns 20 acres.

In 1969, the National Park Service said the wetlands is a National Natural Landmark. The wetlands have 413 species of plants, 265 species of birds, and 61 others vertebrate species.
Horriwil

**Horriwil** is a municipality in the district Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Horriwil
- **image photo**: 2011-04-17 Horriwil (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 135.jpg
- **municipality name**: Horriwil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Horriwil-blason.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Wasseramt (district), Wasseramt
- **postal code**: 4557
- **municipality code**: 2523
- **area**: 2.63
- **elevation**: 455
- **website**: www.horriwil.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Etziken, Halten, Hersiwil, Hüniken, Oekingen, Subingen
Baker University

**Baker University** is a private Christian university in Baldwin City, Kansas. It was created in 1858. Tt was the first university officially created in Kansas. It is grouped with the United Methodist Church.

About 3,000 students go to Baker University every year.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Baker University
- **established**: 1858
- **type**: Private
- **president**: Lynne Murray
- **religious affiliation**: United Methodist Church
- **city**: Baldwin City, Kansas, Baldwin City
- **state**: Kansas
- **country**: U.S.
- **campus**: 10 acres
- **students**: 3,076 (Fall 2014)
- **undergrad**: 1,897 (Fall 2014)
- **postgrad**: 1,179 (Fall 2014)
- **nickname**: Baker Wildcats, Wildcats
- **colors**: Orange

- **affiliations**: Heart of America Athletic Conference
- **logo**: Baker University wordmark.png
- **logo size**: 250px
Hüniken

**Hüniken** is a municipality in the district of Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Hüniken
- **image photo**: 2011-04-17 Hueniken (Foto Dietrich Michael Weidmann) 095.jpg
- **municipality name**: Hüniken
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Hüniken-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Wasseramt (district), Wasseramt
- **postal code**: 4554
- **municipality code**: 2524
- **area**: 1.01
- **elevation**: 471
- **website**: www.hueniken.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Etziken, Horriwil, Subingen
Steinhof

**Steinhof** was a municipality of the district of Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It is an enclave in the canton of Bern.  The municipality of Steinhof merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Aeschi.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Steinhof
- **image photo**: Steinhof2.jpg
- **image caption**: Aerial view
- **municipality name**: Steinhof
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Steinhof-blason.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Wasseramt (district), Wasseramt
- **postal code**: 4556
- **municipality code**: 2531
- **area**: 1.64
- **elevation**: 562
- **population**: 141
- **populationof**: December 2010
- **popofyear**: 2010
- **website**: www.steinhof-so.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bollodingen (BE), Hermiswil (BE), Oberönz (BE), Seeberg (BE)
Subingen

**Subingen** is a municipality of the district of Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Subingen
- **image photo**: Kirche in Subingen.JPG
- **image caption**: Church of Subingen
- **municipality name**: Subingen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Subingen-blason.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Wasseramt (district), Wasseramt
- **postal code**: 4553
- **municipality code**: 2532
- **area**: 6.25
- **elevation**: 440
- **website**: www.subingen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bolken, Deitingen, Derendingen, Switzerland, Derendingen, Etziken, Horriwil, Hüniken, Inkwil (BE), Oekingen, Wangenried (BE)
Niedererlinsbach

**Niedererlinsbach** is a former municipality in the district Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. On 1 January 2006 the former municipalities of Niedererlinsbach and Obererlinsbach became the municipality of Erlinsbach.
Obererlinsbach

**Obererlinsbach** is a former municipality in the district Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. On 1 January 2006 the former municipalities of Niedererlinsbach and Obererlinsbach became the municipality of Erlinsbach.
Norman Geisler

**Norman Leo Geisler** (July 21, 1932 – July 1, 2019) was an American Christian systematic theologian and philosopher.  He was the co-founder of two evangelical seminaries (Veritas Evangelical Seminary and Southern Evangelical Seminary). He was a co-creator of Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy. Geisler was born in Warren, Michigan.

Geisler died of cerebral thrombosis at a hospital in Charlotte, North Carolina on July 1, 2019 at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Critique of Norman Geisler's apologetic scholarship
Warren, Michigan

**Warren** is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The 2020 census places the city's population at 139,387. It is the third largest city in Michigan.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Warren, Michigan
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: A Safe and Clean City
- **image skyline**: File:Warrencenter.JPG
- **imagesize**: 275
- **image caption**: Fountains in Warren City Center, with farmer's market in background
- **pushpin map**: Michigan#USA
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin label**: Warren
- **image map**: Warren, MI location.png
- **mapsize**: 250
- **map caption**: Location within Macomb County, Michigan, Macomb County
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Michigan, County
- **subdivision name2**: Macomb County, Michigan, Macomb
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Strong mayor
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **established title**: Settled
- **established date**: 1830
- **established title1**: Incorporated
- **established date1**: 1893 (village)
1957 (city)
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 89.18
- **area land km2**: 89.04
- **area water km2**: 0.15
- **area total sq mi**: 34.43
- **area land sq mi**: 34.38
- **area water sq mi**: 0.06
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 139387
- **population density km2**: 1565.52
- **population density sq mi**: 4054.66
- **population rank**: (US: List of United States cities by population, 195th)
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation m**: 191
- **elevation ft**: 627
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code, ZIP code(s)
- **postal code**: 48088, 48089, 48090, 48091, 48092, 48093, 48397
- **area code**: Area code 586, 586
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 26-84000
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1615781
Malva Landa

**Malva Noyevna Landa** (; 14 August 1918 – 3 July 2019) was a Ukrainian-born Russian geologist and human rights activist. She wrote many books about the human rights movement in the Soviet Union. She was a member of the Moscow Helsinki Group from 1976 until her death. She was awarded the  (Lithuania, January 8, 2003). Landa was born in Odesa, Ukrainian State.

Landa died on 3 July 2019 in Haifa, Israel at the age of 100.

## Other websites

- Воспоминания Мальвы Ланда
- У правозащитного движения женское лицо

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Malva Landa
- **native name lang**: uk
- **birth place**: Odesa, Ukrainian State
<small>(now Ukraine)</small>
- **death place**: Haifa, Israel
- **occupation**: Human rights, Human rights activist, geology, geologist
Pierre Lhomme

**Pierre Lhomme** (5 April 1930 – 4 July 2019) was a French cinematographer. He was known for his works were _Cyrano de Bergerac_, _Lovers Like Us_ and _Deadly Circuit_. Lhomme was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. He retired in 2003.

Lhomme died on 4 July 2019 in Arles, France at the age of 89.

## Other websites

- AF Cinéma
- Ecranlarge - Interview  (in French)
- Photos of Cinematography by Pierre Lhomme
Ugo Gregoretti

**Ugo Gregoretti** (28 September 1930 – 5 July 2019) was an Italian movie, television and stage director, actor, screenwriter, author and television host. He directed 20 movies from 1956 until 1990. He was born in Rome. Gregoretti was known for his works _Ro.Go.Pa.G._, _Omicron_ and _Beautiful Families_.

Gregoretti died on 5 July 2019 in Rome at the age of 88.
Paolo Vinaccia

**Paolo Vinaccia** (27 March 1954 – 5 July 2019) was an Italian-Norwegian composer, jazz drummer, and percussionist. He became a Norwegian citizen in 1979. Vinaccia was born in Rome.

Vinaccia worked with Terje Rypdal, Bendik Hofseth, Jan Eggum, Knut Reiersrud (in Four Roosters), Gisle Torvik, Ole Amund Gjersvik and Jonas Fjeld. He has toured and recorded with Palle Mikkelborg, Mike Mainieri, Jon Christensen and David Darling. With Arild Andersen, he performed at the London Jazz Festival in 2008.

Vinaccia died on 5 July 2019 from pancreatic cancer in Oslo at the age of 65.
Kazuhiro Kiyohara

is a former Japanese professional baseball player, having played in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball league for 23 seasons. He retired following the 2008 season. Kiyohara is often referred as "The Uncrowned King" because he never won a major batting title, even though he was one of NPB's greatest hitters. He surpassed 2,000 hits, 500 home runs, and 1,500 RBIs.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Kazuhiro Kiyohara
- **position**: Infielder
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **debutleague**: Nippon Professional Baseball, NPB
- **debutdate**: April 5
- **debutyear**: 1986
- **debutteam**: Seibu Lions
- **finaldate**: October 1
- **finalyear**: 2008
- **finalteam**: Orix Buffaloes
- **statyear**: 2008
- **statleague**: NPB
- **stat1label**: Batting average
- **stat1value**: .273
- **stat2label**: Hits
- **stat2value**: 2122
- **stat3label**: HRs
- **stat3value**: 525
- **stat4label**: RBIs
- **stat4value**: 1,530
- **teams**: **As Player**
* Saitama Seibu Lions, Seibu LIons (–)
* Yomiuri Giants (–)
* Orix Buffaloes (–)
- **awards**: * 18× Nippon Professional Baseball All-Star Game, NPB All-Star (1986–1998, 2000–2002, 2005, 2006)
* 3× Best Nine Award (1988, 1990, 1992)
* 5× Golden Glove Award (1988, 1990, 1992–1994)
Midco

**Midco** (until 2016, was called **Midcontinent Communications**) is a regional cable provider. They give a triple play service of Cable television, Internet and telephone service. They give this service for North Dakota, South Dakota, some of Minnesota, and some cities in Kansas and Wisconsin.

## Other websites

- Midcontinent Communications website
- Midco Connections website
- Midco Sports Network website

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Midco
- **logo size**: 200px
- **type**: Joint venture
- **foundation**: 1931 Minneapolis, Minnesota
- **location**: Sioux Falls, South Dakota
- **key people**: Pat McAdaragh
- **area served**: Minnesota
North Dakota
South Dakota
Wisconsin
Kansas, Northeast Kansas
- **industry**: Telecommunications
Lawrence station (Kansas)

**Lawrence** (also called the **Santa Fe Depot** or the **Santa Fe Station**) is a train station in Lawrence, Kansas, United States. Amtrak's _Southwest Chief_ train uses it. The Lawrence station was built in 1956 by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway to replace the Atchison Topeka Santa Fe Station built in 1883. That station was damaged by the 1951 flood. It was dedicated on February 7, 1956. The Mid-century modern station is on the National Register of Historic Places.

The station was added to the Register of Kansas Historic Places on November 18, 2017. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 5, 2018.

It was designed by Warren Jones and Warren Comen.

## Other websites

- Lawrence Amtrak Station (USA Rail Guide -- Train Web)
- Depot Redux  – Local group to preserve the station
- Lawrence, Kansas Train Cam  – A webcam facing the station from across 7th Street
- Lawrence, KS (LRC) (Amtrak's Great American Stations)

## Infobox (station)

- **style**: Amtrak
- **name**: Lawrence, KS
- **image**: Lawrence Amtrack Station June 3rd 2019.jpg
- **image caption**: Lawrence Amtrak station (facing south), 2019
- **address**: 413 East 7th Street
Lawrence, KS 66044
- **line**: BNSF Railway Topeka Subdivision
- **platform**: 1 side platform
- **tracks**: 1
- **passengers**: 9,834
- **pass year**: 2017
- **pass percent**: 16.2
- **opened**: 1956
- **ada**: Yes
- **code**: LRC
- **owned**: BNSF Railway
Rail freight transport

**Rail freight transport** is using railroads and trains to transport cargo. They don't transport human passengers. Trains may transport bulk material, intermodal containers, general freight or special freight in cars designed for a specific reason. Also, the track spreads the weight of the freight train which means larger amounts can be carried than with trucks and roads, Rail freight practices and economics are different by country and region.
Union Pacific Railroad

**Union Pacific Railroad** (or legally **Union Pacific Railroad Company** and simply **Union Pacific**) is a freight-hauling railroad that has 8,500 locomotives. They have over 32,100 route-miles in 23 U.S. states west of Chicago and New Orleans. The Union Pacific Railroad system is the biggest in the United States. They are one of the world's biggest transportation companies.

## Other websites

- System map
- Photographs of the Construction of the Union Pacific Railroad, 1868–69  at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University
- Thousands of photographs from as early as 1860 taken by employees of the Union Pacific railroad
- Union Pacific Historical Society
- The Union Pacific Railroad "Building America"

## Infobox (rail)

- **railroad name**: Union Pacific Railroad
- **logo filename**: Union pacific railroad logo.svg
- **logo size**: 150px
- **system map**: Union Pacific Railroad system map.svg
- **map caption**: System map (Arrangements between railroads#Trackage rights, trackage rights in purple)
- **map size**: 250
- **marks**: UP (road locomotives), UPY (yard locomotives), UPP (passenger railcars)
- **image**: Union Pacific Challenger 3985 01.jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **image caption**: Union Pacific Challenger #3985
- **locale**: United States from Chicago, Illinois, and cities along the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Pacific coast
- **start year**: 1862
- **end year**: present (legacy)
*First (original) company, Union Pacific Rail Road: 1862–1880
*Second company, Union Pacific Railway: 1880–1897
*Third company, Union Pacific Railroad (Mark I): 1897–1998
*Fourth company, Union Pacific Railroad (Mark II): 1969–present (originally Southern Pacific Transportation Company until 1998; renamed Union Pacific during UP-SP merger)
- **hq city**: 1400 U.S. Route 6, Douglas Street
Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.
Lawrence Transit

The **Lawrence Transit System** is the city public transportation agency in Lawrence, Kansas. It works together with the City of Lawrence and the University of Kansas. They have services from Monday through Saturday from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. on most routes. On election days, rides are free of charge.

## Bus Routes

- 1 - Downtown to Prairie Park
- 3 - Downtown to Lakeview Road
- 4 - North Lawrence to 9th & Iowa
- 5 - 31st & Iowa to East Hills Business Park
- 6 - Downtown to 6th & Wakarusa
- 7 - Downtown to 31st & Iowa
- 9 - 31st & Iowa to 6th & Wakarusa
- 10 - Downtown to 6th & Wakarusa
- 11 - 31st & Iowa to KU to Downtown
- 15 - Downtown to the Peaslee Center
- 27 - KU to Haskell Indian Nations University
- 29 - 27th & Wakarusa to KU
- 30 - Bob Billings & Kasold to KU
- 34 - KU to 7th Street
- 36 - 6th via Emery to KU
- 38 - 25th & Melrose to KU
- 41 - Campus Circulator (Yellow)
- 42 - Campus Circulator (Blue/Orange)
- 43 - Campus Circulator (Red)
- 44 - Campus Evening Circulator

## Other websites

- Lawrence Transit System official site
- KU on Wheels - University of Kansas bus service

## Infobox (bus transit)

- **name**: Lawrence Transit System
- **logo size**: 150
- **founded**: 2000
- **headquarters**: 933 New Hampshire
- **locale**: Lawrence, Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
- **service type**: bus service, paratransit
- **routes**: 20 between the city and university systems
- **operator**: First Transit
- **website**: [http://www.lawrencetransit.org lawrencetransit.org]
Kevin McAleenan

**Kevin K. McAleenan** (born September 5, 1971) is an American attorney and former government official who served as the Acting Secretary of Homeland Security from April 2019 through November 2019.

McAleenan resigned on October 11, 2019, with Trump stating that McAleenan wanted to "spend more time with his family and go to the private sector."

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Kevin McAleenan
- **image**: Kevin McAleenan official photo.jpg
- **office**: Acting United States Secretary of Homeland Security
- **president**: Donald Trump
- **deputy**: David Pekoske (acting)
- **term start**: April 11, 2019
- **term end**: November 13, 2019
- **predecessor**: Kirstjen Nielsen
- **successor**: Chad Wolf (acting)
- **office1**: Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection
- **president1**: Donald Trump
- **deputy1**: Randolph Alles (acting)
Ron Vitiello
Robert Perez (acting)
- **term start1**: January 20, 2017
- **term end1**: April 11, 2019
Acting: January 20, 2017 – March 20, 2018
- **predecessor1**: Gil Kerlikowske
- **successor1**: John P. Sanders (acting)
- **birth place**: Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.
- **education**: Amherst College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
University of Chicago (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **awards**: Samuel J. Heyman Service to America Medals, Service to America Award (2005)
 Presidential Rank Awards, Presidential Rank Award (2015)
Hewing

In woodworking, **hewing** is the use of an axe to make a log into lumber. It is a very old way of making lumber, and was used in ancient times. Before the industrial era it was the normal way to make wood beams. Today it has mostly been replaced by sawmills, but is in some use.

## Definitions

_Hew_ is a word that means to strike, blow, chop, or gash with a tool such as an axe or sword. It is used in warfare, stone and wood cutting, and coal and salt mining. This is the root word for hewing.

_Hewing_ wood is to shape a log with a sharp item such as an axe with the goal to flatten one or more sides.

## Methods

As _hewing_ has been used since ancient times, more than one way has been made to do each step. But in general, there are four steps in the process.

### Prepare log

The first step is to prepare the log (or tree trunk). After a tree is selected and cut down, hewing can be done at the place where the log landed. Or the log can be moved out of the woods to a work site. The log is then usually placed across two smaller logs. It is kept steady by notching the support logs or by a long bar of iron with a tooth on either end. Then the person doing the hewing measures where to cut and marks lines along the log. These are usually done with a chalk line.

### Scoring

The next step is to make notches every foot or two of the log. These are made almost as deep as the marked line. This is called scoring. There are at least three methods that can be used in scoring.
1. Standing on the log and swinging an axe to make the notches.
1. In Germany a method is used that includes two carpenters standing on the ground. This requires the log to be on trestles. They can then swing downward to make the scores.
1. A chainsaw can be used to notch the log.

### Joggling or juggling

The next step is know as either joggling or juggling. In this step the pieces of wood between the notches are knocked off with an axe. The result is a rough surface cut down almost to the marked line. The steps to this point remove a much wood and make the last step hewing easier.

### Hewing

The last step is called hewing. (The entire process is called hewing as well). This step is done on the sides of the log using a broadaxe. Hewing is started from the bottom of the trem stem upwards toward what was the top of the tree. This reduces the risk of broken fibers that may move inwards toward the beam.

It is also possible to use an adze to hew the top surface of a log. In the past, shipbuilders often used adzes to shape ship timbers. The choice of tool (either axe or adze) was made based on the position of the log to hew. The sides are best hewn with an axe and the top best hewn with an adze.

After the hewing is done, other tools are used to make the surface smooth. This can be done with a hand plane, drawknife, or yariganna.

## Modern uses

Some people still used hand-hewn beams in modern building, but it is very rare. A more common use is the re-use of old hand-hewn beams taken from old buildings. They are also popular as decor in some buildings.

## Other websites

- Video of the German method of hewing
- Video of scoring a log
Zach Neal

**Zachary Sheridan Neal** (born November 9, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Saitama Seibu Lions of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics and the Los Angeles Dodgers.

## Saitama Seibu Lions

Neal signed with the Saitama Seibu Lions of Nippon Professional Baseball for the 2019 season.

## Infobox (baseball biography)

- **name**: Zach Neal
- **image**: Zach Neal 2016.jpg
- **caption**: Neal warms up on September 6, 2016
- **width**: 250
- **team**: Saitama Seibu Lions
- **number**: 54
- **position**: Pitcher
- **birth place**: Columbia, South Carolina
- **bats**: Right
- **throws**: Right
- **debutleague**: MLB
- **debutdate**: May 11
- **debutyear**: 2016
- **debutteam**: Oakland Athletics
- **statleague**: MLB
- **statyear**: 2018 season
- **stat1label**: Win–loss record (pitching), Win–loss record
- **stat1value**: 2–4
- **stat2label**: Earned run average
- **stat2value**: 4.94
- **stat3label**: Strikeouts
- **stat3value**: 37
- **stat2league**: NPB
- **stat2year**: April 2, 2019
- **stat21label**: Win–loss record (pitching), Win–loss record
- **stat21value**: 1–0
- **stat22label**: Earned run average
- **stat22value**: 3.38
- **stat23label**: Strikeouts
- **stat23value**: 3
- **teams**: * Oakland Athletics (–)
* Los Angeles Dodgers ()
* Saitama Seibu Lions (2019 Nippon Professional Baseball season, 2019–present)
Dynamics

**Dynamics** is the study of forces and their effects on motion over time. It is a branch of classical mechanics.

Isaac Newton developed three laws of motion that are fundamental to dynamics.

Some people consider dynamics to be made up of kinematics and kinetics. Others consider dynamics and kinematics to be separate, and do not use the word kinetics. Under the second view, kinematics is about describing how a system is at the moment, and dynamics is about how and why the system changes with time.

## Related pages

- Aerodynamics
- Dynamical system
Mitsuo Itoh

was a Japanese motorcycle road racer. He started his Grand Prix career in 1961, and was active until 1967. He competed for Suzuki. He was a starter in 29 races, winning two and having a podium finish 13 times. He won the 1963 Isle of Man 50cc ultra-lightweight TT and the 1967 50cc Japanese Grand Prix (his final race).

Itoh died on 3 July 2019, at the age of 82.

## Other websites

- Mitsuo Itoh career statistics  at MotoGp.com
Vivian Perlis

**Vivian L. Perlis** (April 26, 1928 – July 4, 2019) was an American musicologist. She was the founder and director of Yale University's Oral History of American Music. She founded the oral history project in 1969. She also notably wrote _Charles Ives Remembered_.  She first started working at Yale University as a reference librarian in 1959. She retired in 2010.

Perlis was born in Brooklyn, New York and grew up in Long Island. She was married to Stanford James Perlis, and had three children.

Perlis died in Weston, Connecticut on July 4, 2019 after an illness. She was 91.
Shiboprosad Mukherjee

**Shiboprosad Mukherjee** (born 20 May 1974) is an Indian Bengali filmmaker, writer and actor.

## Early life and Education

Shiboprosad Mukherjee was born on 20 May 1974 at Baranagar in the northern fringes Kolkata, West Bengal, India. He was a student of Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School and later completed his high school from Hindu School. He pursued his graduation in Political Science Honours from Jadavpur University.

## Filmography

|rowspan="2" style="width:33px;"|Year|rowspan="2" style="width:200px;"|Film|colspan="4"|Functioned as|rowspan="2"|Producer|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||_Char Adhyay_|||||||
||_Dahan_|||||||
||_Bariwali_||||Debasish|Anupam Kher||
||_Ekti Nadir Naam_|||||Steve Brookes||
||_Icche_|||||Vignesh Films||
||_Hello Memsaheb_|||||Arijit Biswas||
||_Muktodhara_||||Happy Singh|Bachchu Biswas||
||_Accident_||||Arko|Kaustav Ray||
||_Alik Sukh_|||||Windows||
||_Ramdhanu_||||Laltu Dutta|Windows||
||_Bela Seshe_|||||Probhat Roy||
||_Praktan_|||||Windows||
||_Posto_|||||Windows||
||_Haami_||||Laltu Biswas|Windows||
||_Konttho_||||Arjun Mallik|Windows||

## Awards

- Anandalok Award 2012 – Best Film for film _Muktodhara_
- Filmfare Award (East) 2014 – Best Direction for the film _Alik Sukh_
- Zee Cine Award 2016 – Best film _Bela Seshe_
- Sera Bangali - ABP Ananda 2016 – Direction
- Mahanayak Samman Awards-2016 – for contribution to films from the West Bengal Government
- International Bengali film awards 2016 NABC – Best film _Bela Seshe_
- EbelaAjeyoSamman -2016
- West Bengal Film Journalist Awards 2017 – Most Popular film  _Praktan_
- International Business Film Award 2016  – Highest Grossing Bengali Film    _Praktan_

## Other websites

- Shiboprosad Mukherjee on Facebook
- Shiboprosad Mukherjee on Twitter
- Windows Production House

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Shiboprosad Mukherjee.jpg
- **caption**: Mukherjee in 2019
- **birth name**: Shiboprosad Mukherjee
- **birth place**: Baranagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- **nationality**: Indian people, Indian
- **occupation**: Film director
Writer
 Actor
- **education**: Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School
Hindu School, Kolkata
Jadavpur University
- **notable works**: _Icche_
_Bela Seshe_
_Praktan_
_Posto_
_Haami_
- **years active**: 1997–present
Marguerite Pindling

**The Most Honourable Dame Marguerite, Lady Pindling**,  (née **McKenzie**; born June 26, 1932) is a Bahamian politician. She was the Governor-General of the Bahamas from 8 July 2014 to 28 June 2019 She is the second female Governor-General of The Bahamas after Dame Ivy Dumont.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Most Honourable  Dame
- **name**: Marguerite, Lady Pindling
- **honorific-suffix**: GCMG
- **image**: Marguerite Pindling (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Pindling in May 2017
- **office**: 10th Governor-General of the Bahamas
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
- **term start**: 8 July 2014
- **term end**: 28 June 2019
- **predecessor**: Arthur Foulkes, Sir Arthur Foulkes
- **successor**: Cornelius A. Smith
- **birth name**: Marguerite Matilda McKenzie
- **birth place**: South Andros, Long Bay Cay, Bahamas
Cornelius A. Smith

**Cornelius Alvin Smith** (born 7 April 1937) is a Bahamian politician. He was the 10th Governor-General of the Bahamas from 28 June 2019 to 1 September 2023.

Smith was the Ambassador to the United States starting in 2008. He was also Minister of Transport, and Aviation of the Bahamas. In 2018, he was sworn in as the deputy Governor General.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: His Excellency The Most Honourable Sir
- **name**: Cornelius Smith
- **honorific-suffix**: GCMG Order of the Nation (Bahamas), ON
- **image**: Cornelius A. Smith (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Smith in January 2008
- **office**: 10th Governor-General of the Bahamas
- **monarch**: Elizabeth II
Charles III
- **primeminister**: Hubert Minnis
Philip Davis (Bahamian politician), Philip Davis
- **term start**: 28 June 2019
- **term end**: 1 September 2023
- **predecessor**: Marguerite Pindling, Dame Marguerite Pindling
- **successor**: Cynthia A. Pratt, Dame Cynthia A. Pratt
- **birth place**: North Long Island, Bahamas, Long Island, Bahamas
- **spouse**: Clara Elizabeth Knowles
- **party**: Free National Movement
Abhishek Chatterjee

**Abhishek Chatterjee** () (born 30 April 1964) is an Indian actor who is known for his work in Bengali cinema.

## Early life and education

After finishing his secondary schooling at the Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School, he graduated from the Seth Anandram Jaipuria College of the University of Calcutta.

## Filmography

- _Pathbhola_ (1986) .... Gupi
- _Sangharsha_ (1995)
- _Abirvab_ (1995)
- _Phiriye Dao_ (1994) ... Abhi
- _Jamaibabu_ (1996).... Jayanta
- _Dahan_ (_Crossfire_) (1997) .... Palash
- _Nayaner Alo_ (1998)
- _Bariwali_ (_The Lady of the House_) (1999) .... Abhijeet
- _Madhur Milan_ (2000)
- _Mayer Anchal_ (2003)
- _Arjun Aamar Naam_ (2003)
- _Alo_ (2003)
- _Sokal Sondha_ (2006)
- _Misti Cheler Dustu Buddhi_ (2013)
- _One_ (2017)
- _Nilacholey Kiriti_ (2018)

## Television

- _Ichchenodi_ (Star Jalsha) as Ustad Rashid Ali
- _Pita (TV series)_ (Colors Bangla)
- _Apur Sansar_ (Zee Bangla)
- _Andarmahal_ (Zee Bangla) as Jubaraj Sengupta
- _Kusum Dola_ (Star Jalsha) as Diptoman Bose
- _Fagun Bou_ (Star Jalsha) as Chandrajit Bose

## Other websites

- Abhishek Chatterjee on Facebook

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Abhishek Chatterjee
- **image**: Abhishek Chatterjee 2021.jpg
- **birth place**: Baranagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- **education**: Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School
Seth Anandram Jaipuria College
- **nationality**: Indian people, Indian
- **occupation**: Actor
- **children**: 1
- **years active**: 1986 - present
- **notable works**: _Dahan (1997 movie), Dahan_
_Bariwali_
_Alo (movie), Alo_
Center for Immigration Studies

The **Center for Immigration Studies** (CIS) is an American research organization and think tank that supports ending illegal immigration and lowering the amount of immigration in the United States. It was founded in 1985 by a professor named Otis Graham Jr. The Center describes itself as a group that is "providing immigration policymakers, the academic community, news media, and concerned citizens with reliable information about the social, economic, environmental, security, and fiscal consequences of legal and illegal immigration into the United States."

The Center is led by Mark Krikorian. Krikorian believes that America should have a stronger border to stop illegal immigration.

## Infobox (organization)

- **size**: 250px
- **motto**: Low-immigration, Pro-immigrant
- **type**: Public policy think tank
- **tax id**: 52-1449368
- **headquarters**: 1629 K Street N.W., Suite 600
- **location**: Washington, D.C.
- **leader title**: Executive Director
- **leader name**: Mark Krikorian