Suez Crisis

The _Suez Crisis_ was the invasion of Egypt by Israel, the United Kingdom and France to regain control over the Suez Canal and remove then Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who nationalized the Suez Canal Company and Egypt's oil industry.

Before 1956, the Suez Company owned the Suez Canal, a private corporation mostly owned by British and French investors. In 1956, Egyptian President Nasser nationalized the Canal. In other words, he took it away from the Suez Company and put the Egyptian government in control. Israel, the United Kingdom, and France invaded Egypt.

### Sources

- Bromberger, Merry and Serge _Secrets of Suez_ Sidgwick & Jackson London 1957 (translated from French _Les Secrets de l'Expedition d'Egypte_ by James Cameron)
- Doran, Michael. _Ike's Gamble_, Free Press. Oct.2016.
- Pearson, Jonathan. (2002) _Sir Anthony Eden and the Suez Crisis: Reluctant Gamble_ (Springer, 2002). online
- Shlaim, Avi. "The Protocol of Sevres, 1956: Anatomy of a War Plot." _International Affairs_ 73#3 1997, pp. 509–530. online.
- Smith, Simon C. ed. _Reassessing Suez 1956: New perspectives on the crisis and its aftermath_ (Routledge, 2016).
- Troen, S. Ilan. "The Protocol of Sèvres: British/French/Israeli Collusion Against Egypt, 1956." _Israel Studies_ 1.2 (1996): 122-139 online.

## Other websites

- Israel's Second War of Independence, essay in Azure magazine.
- A Man, A Plan and A Canal  by Arthur L. Herman
- Sinai Campaign 1956
- Canada and the Suez Crisis
- July 2006, BBC, Suez 50 years on
- _Suez and the high tide of Arab nationalism_ _International Socialism_ 112 (2006)
- Detailed report on the Suez campaign by Ground Forces Chief of Staff General Beaufre, French Defense Ministry archive (**French**)
- Bodleian Library Suez Crisis Fiftieth anniversary exhibition
- Suez index at Britains-smallwars.com – accounts by British servicemen who were present
- 26 July speech by Gamal Abdel Nasser (French translation)
- Speech by Gamal Abdel Nasser  (Original text in Arabic)
- Newsreel film, British Prime Minister's broadcast  at Britishpathe.com
- _Blue Vanguard_ (1957), National Film Board of Canada film for the United Nations about its role in restoring peace after the Suez Crisis (60 min, Ian MacNeill, dir.)

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Suez Crisis
- **partof**: the Cold War and the Arab–Israeli conflict
- **image**: Tanks Destroyed Sinai.jpg
- **image size**: 300px
- **caption**: Damaged Egyptian military vehicles in the Sinai Peninsula
- **date**:
()
- **place**: Egypt (from the Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic, Gaza Strip to the Suez Canal)
- **casus**: Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal and Israeli passage through the Suez Canal and Straits of Tiran, closure of the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping
- **result**: * Coalition Military Victory
* Egyptian Political Victory
- **territory**: Israeli occupation of the Sinai Peninsula (and the Gaza Strip) until March 1957
- **combatant1**:

French Fourth Republic, France
- **combatant2**:  Republic of Egypt (1953), Egypt
- **strength1**:  175,000
 45,000
 34,000
- **strength2**:  90,000
- **casualties1**: **Israel:***'United Kingdom:***'France:**
- **casualties2**: <hr/>
- **casualties3**: 1,000 civilians killed