juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Johan August Arfwedson

**Johan August Arfwedson** (12 January 1792 – 28 October 1841) was a Swedish chemist. He discovered lithium in 1817 by isolating it as a salt.

## Life and work

Arfwedson was born in January 12, 1792. His family was very rich. His father was Jacob Arfwedson and his mother was Anna Elisabeth Holtermann. Arfwedson became a student at the Uppsala University in 1803. He completed a degree in Law in 1809 and a second degree in mineralogy in 1812. Later in the year, he received an position in the Royal Board of Mines.

In Stockholm, Arfwedson knew the chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius. He got access to his private laboratory, which is where he discovered lithium in 1817, during analysis of the mineral petalite.

He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1821.

The rare mineral arfvedsonite was named after him.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Johan August Arfwedson
- **image**: Arfwedson Johan A.jpg
- **caption**: Johan August Arfwedson
- **birth place**: Sweden
- **nationality**: Swedish
- **alma mater**: Uppsala University
- **known for**: Discovered lithium
- **field**: Chemistry
Million Dollar Baby

***Million Dollar Baby*** is a 2004 American sports drama movie directed, co-produced, and scored by Clint Eastwood from a screenplay written by Paul Haggis. It is based on short stories by F.X. Toole.

It stars Eastwood, Hilary Swank, and Morgan Freeman.

_Million Dollar Baby_ was theatrically released on December 15, 2004, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received critical acclaim and grossed $216.8 million. The movie won four Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actress (for Swank), and Best Supporting Actor (for Freeman).
Sergei Bondarchuk

**Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk**  (; ; Ukrainian: Сергі́й Фе́дорович Бондарчу́к, _Serhiy Fedorovych Bondarchuk_; 25 September 192020 October 1994) was a Soviet and Russian actor, movie director, and screenwriter. He is known for his historical dramas such as the 4-part movie version of Leo Tolstoy's _War and Peace_ and the Napoleonic War epic _Waterloo_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sergei Bondarchuk
- **image**: Sergei Bondarchuk 1948.JPG
- **caption**: Bondarchuk in 1948
- **birth name**: Sergei Fyodorovich Bondarchuk
- **birth place**: Bilozerka, Belozerka, Kherson Governorate, Ukrainian People's Republic
- **death place**: Moscow, Russia
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **resting place**: Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
- **years active**: 1948 in film, 1948–1992 in film, 1992
- **spouse**: Inna Makarova (1949–1956)
Irina Skobtseva (1959–1994)
- **children**: Natalya Bondarchuk (b. 1950)
Yelena Bondarchuk (1962–2009)
Fyodor Bondarchuk (b. 1967)
The Devil All the Time (movie)

***The Devil All the Time*** is a 2020 American psychological thriller movie directed by Antonio Campos. It is based on the novel of the same name by Donald Ray Pollock.

It stars Tom Holland, Harry Melling, Bill Skarsgård, Riley Keough, Jason Clarke, Sebastian Stan, Haley Bennett, Eliza Scanlen, with Mia Wasikowska and Robert Pattinson.

_The Devil All the Time_ was released in select theaters on September 11, 2020, and digitally on Netflix on September 16, 2020. It received mixed reviews from critics.
Donald Ray Pollock

**Donald Ray Pollock** (born December 23, 1954) is an American writer. He first published his collection of short stories, _Knockemstiff_, in 2008.

His debut novel, _The Devil All the Time_, was published in 2011. He was the narrator of the movie version in 2020.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Donald Ray Pollock
- **image**: Donald Ray Pollock (FOLIO - Festival Literário Internacional de Óbidos 2019).png
- **caption**: Donald Ray Pollock in FOLIO - Óbidos, Portugal, Óbidos International Literary Festival, 2019
- **birth place**: Ross County, Ohio, Ross County, Ohio, U.S.
- **language**: English
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: Ohio University - Chillicothe
- **genre**: Gothic literature, Gothic, crime
- **children**: Amber Pollock (Daughter)
Greta Gerwig

**Greta Celeste Gerwig** (; born August 4, 1983) is an American actress and filmmaker. She starred in _Hannah Takes the Stairs_ (2007) and _Nights and Weekends_ (2008).

She also starred in _Greenberg_ (2010), _Frances Ha_ (2012) and _Mistress America_ (2015).

Gerwig also directed _Lady Bird_ (2017) and _Little Women_ (2019), both of which earned nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture.

She also directed _Barbie_ (2023), which is based on the famous fashion doll of the same name by Mattel, and starring Margot Robbie as Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Ken. _Barbie_ made over $1 billion at the box office, making Gerwig the first female solo director to have a movie reach this milestone.

Gerwig was officially hired by Netflix to direct the first two adaptations of _The Chronicles of Narnia,_ based on the book series of the same name.  Filming is Set  To Begin  Late July 2025, Starring Emma Mackey, Daniel Craig and Timothy Dalton as aslan.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Greta Gerwig
- **image**: Greta Gerwig Berlinale 2018.jpg
- **caption**: Gerwig at the 68th Berlin International Film Festival, 2018 Berlin International Film Festival
- **birth name**: Greta Celeste Gerwig
- **birth place**: Sacramento, California, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Barnard College
- **years active**: 2006–present
- **children**: 2
- **awards**: List of awards and nominations received by Greta Gerwig, Full list
Noah Baumbach

**Noah Baumbach** () (born September 3, 1969) is an American filmmaker. He is known for his works _The Squid and the Whale_ (2005) and _Marriage Story_ (2019). He has written and directed _Margot at the Wedding_ (2007), _Frances Ha_ (2012), _While We're Young_ (2014), _Mistress America_ (2015), and _The Meyerowitz Stories_ (2017).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Noah Baumbach
- **image**: Noah Baumbach Cannes 2017.jpg
- **caption**: Baumbach at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Vassar College
- **years active**: 1995–present
- **parents**: Jonathan Baumbach
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 3
- **signature**: Noah Baumbach signature.svg
William Kunstler

**William Moses Kunstler** (July 7, 1919 – September 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist. He was known for defending the Chicago Seven.

Kunstler was an active member of the National Lawyers Guild, a board member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the co-founder of the Law Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), the "leading gathering place for radical lawyers in the country".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: William Kunstler
- **image**: William Kunstler.jpg
- **caption**: c. 1989
- **birth name**: William Moses Kunstler
- **birth place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Heart failure
- **occupation**: Lawyer, civil rights activist
- **children**: 4 including Emily Kunstler, Emily
St. Johns, Michigan

**St. Johns** is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 7,698 at the 2020 census.  It is the county seat of Clinton County.
Monee, Illinois

**Monee** is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 5,128 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Monee
- **settlement type**: List of towns and villages in Illinois, Village
- **image map**: File:Will County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Monee Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location of Monee in Will County, Illinois.
- **image map1**: Illinois in United States (US48).svg
- **map caption1**: Location of Illinois in the United States
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision name1**: Illinois
- **subdivision type2**: County
- **subdivision name2**: Will County, Illinois, Will
- **subdivision type3**: Township
- **subdivision name3**: Monee Township, Will County, Illinois, Monee
- **established title**: Founded
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: Village president
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 11.59
- **area total sq mi**: 4.47
- **area land km2**: 11.59
- **area land sq mi**: 4.47
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 5128
- **population density km2**: 442.64
- **population density sq mi**: 1146.43
- **timezone1**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset1**: -6
- **timezone1 dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -5
- **postal code type**: ZIP code, ZIP Code(s)
- **postal code**: 60449
- **area code**: Area code 708#United States, 708
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 17-49945
- **blank2 name sec2**: Wikimedia Commons
- **blank2 info sec2**: Monee, Illinois
Christian Gmelin

**Christian Gottlob Gmelin** (12 October 1792 – 13 May 1860) was a German chemist. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. He was a grandson of Johann Konrad Gmelin and a great-grandson of Johann Georg Gmelin.

## Life

Christian was born in October 12, 1792. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. In 1818, Gmelin was one of the first to observe that lithium salts give a bright red color in a flame. Gmelin later died in Tübingen, Germany, where he spent his entire life. He died on May 13, 1860.
Gold digger

A **gold digger** is a person, typically a woman, who engages in a type of transactional sexual relationship for money rather than love. If it turns into marriage, it is a type of marriage of convenience.
Tin foil

**Tin foil** is a thin foil made of tin. Tin foil was replaced after World War II by aluminium foil. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, tin foil was in commonly used.

## Properties

Tin foil is stiffer than aluminium foil. It tends to give a slight tin taste to food that is wrapped in it. Tin foil is resistant to corrosion and oxidation.
Électricité de France

**Electricite de France S.A.** (**EDF**; "Electricity of France") is a French power company.  It is mostly owned by the government of France. Its headquarters are in Paris. It earned €71.2 billion in revenues in 2016. EDF produces 120+ gigawatts of electricity in Europe, South America, North America, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

In 2009, EDF produced more electricity than any other power company in the world. In 2011, it produced 22% of the European Union's electricity, most of it from nuclear power:
- nuclear: 64.3%;
- renewable energy: 12.3% (includes 4.6% from dams);
- gas: 8.6%;
- coal: 14.5%;
- other: 0.3%.

Its 58 active nuclear reactors (in France) are spread out over 20 sites (nuclear power plants). There are 34 reactors with 900 MW<sub>e</sub>, 20 reactors with 1300 MW<sub>e</sub>, and 4 reactors with 1450 MW<sub>e</sub>, all PWRs.

In 2017, EDF was scheduled to take over most of the power business of Areva, in a French government sponsored restructuring following financial and technical problems at Areva. In July 2017, France's Environmental Minister Nicolas Hulot said that up to 17 of France's nuclear power reactors — all of which are operated by EDF — could be closed by 2025 because of a new law about using less nuclear power.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Electricite de France S.A.
- **logo**: Électricité de France logo.svg
- **type**: S.A.
- **traded as**:
CAC Next 20, CAC Next 20 Component
- **founder**: Marcel Paul
- **location city**: Paris
- **location country**: France
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **key people**: Jean-Bernard Lévy
- **industry**: Electric utility
- **products**: Electricity generation, Electric power transmission, transmission and Electricity distribution, distribution; energy Trade, trading
- **revenue**: € 71.203 billion
- **operating income**: €16.414 billion
- **net income**: €3.011 billion
- **assets**: €281.640 billion
- **equity**: €40.610 billion
- **num employees**: 158,161
- **owner**: Agence des participations de l'État, French State : (84.5%)
- **subsid**: EDF Energy, EDF Luminus
Foil (metal)

A **foil** is a very thin sheet of metal. It is usually made by hammering or rolling. Foils are made with malleable metals, such as aluminium, copper, tin, and gold. Foils can be torn easily. An extremely thin foil is called a metal leaf. Foil is commonly used for household uses.
Aluminium foil

**Aluminium foil** (also called **aluminum foil** in American English) is foil (a thin sheet of metal) made of aluminium. It is less than 0.2 mm (7.9 mils) thick. It can easily be bent or wrapped around objects. Aluminium foil replaced tin foil in the mid 20th century.

Approximately 75% of aluminium foil is used for packaging of foods, cosmetics, and chemical products. 25% is used for industrial uses. It can easily be recycled.

## History

Aluminium foil replaced tinfoil in 1910, when the first aluminium foil rolling factory, "Dr. Lauber, Neher & Cie." was opened in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. The factory was owned by J.G. Neher & Sons. The factory started in 1886 in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. The way that aluminium foil was made started to change to include the use of print, colour, lacquer, lamination and the embossing of the aluminium.

## Properties

Aluminium foils thicker than 25 μm (1 mil) do not allow oxygen and water to pass through.

Aluminium foil has a shiny side and a dull side. The foil may have a non-stick coating on only one side. The reflectivity of bright aluminium foil is 88% while dull embossed foil is about 80%.

## Uses

Aluminium is used for packaging. Aluminium foil containers and trays are used to bake pies. It is also used pack takeaway meals. Aluminium foil is widely used in radiation shields and heat exchangers. Aluminium foil is used for art, decoration, and crafts.
Godtfred Kirk Christiansen

**Godtfred Kirk Christiansen** (8 July 1920 – 13 July 1995) was a Danish businessman. He was born in Billund. He was the son of Ole Kirk Christiansen, also a businessman, the founder of LEGO. He died of a stroke on 13 July 1995. He was known for making the LEGO industry and also making the LEGO brick. He was the one who created Legoland in Billund, the same year the Billund Airport started operating in 1968. He was in power for the LEGO president from 1957-1979.
Jørgen Vig Knudstorp

**Jørgen Vig Knudstorp** (born 21 November 1968) is an Danish businessman. He was the executive chairman and former CEO of the Lego Group. He was born in Fredericia.
Glass (movie)

***Glass*** is a 2019 American psychological superhero thriller mystery movie. It is set in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and was directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It is a sequel to both 2000's Unbreakable and 2016's Split. It stars Bruce Willis, James McAvoy and Samuel L. Jackson.

## Cast

- James McAvoy as Kevin Wendell Crumb / The Horde
- Bruce Willis as David Dunn / The Overseer
- Samuel L. Jackson as Elijah Price / Mister Glass
- Spencer Treat Clark as Joseph Dunn
- Anya Taylor-Joy as Casey Cooke
- Sarah Paulson as Dr. Ellie Staple

## Infobox (movie)

- **image**: Glass official theatrical logo.jpg
- **caption**: Glass logo.
- **director**: M. Night Shyamalan
- **producer**: M. Night Shyamalan
Jason Blum
- **writer**: M. Night Shyamalan
- **starring**: James McAvoy
Bruce Willis
Samuel L. Jackson
- **music**: West Dylan Thordson
- **cinematography**: Eduardo Serra
- **editing**: Dylan Tichenor
- **studio**: Blinding Edge Productions
Blumhouse Productions
- **distributor**: Universal Pictures
- **runtime**: 128 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $20 million
- **gross**: $247 million
Split (movie)

***Split*** is a 2016 American psychological horror movie. It is set in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was directed by M. Night Shyamalan and is a stealth sequel to 2000's Unbreakable. It stars James McAvoy and Anya Taylor-Joy.

## Cast

- James McAvoy as Kevin Wendell Crumb / The Horde
- Anya Taylor-Joy as Casey Cooke
- Betty Buckley as Dr. Karen Fletcher
- Bruce Willis as David Dunn (cameo)

## Production

Shyamalan revealed that Kevin Crumb was going to be the secondary villain of Unbreakable but he felt it would make the movie too complicated. Since the movie was made by Universal instead of Touchstone Pictures, Shyamalan asked the Walt Disney Company to use David Dunn as a character and got to use him for free in exchange for a follow-up to both movies.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Split
- **director**: M. Night Shyamalan
- **producer**: M. Night Shyamalan
Jason Blum
- **writer**: M. Night Shyamalan
- **starring**: James McAvoy
Anya Taylor-Joy
- **music**: West Dylan Thordson
- **cinematography**: Eduardo Serra
- **editing**: Dylan Tichenor
- **studio**: Blinding Edge Productions
Blumhouse Productions
- **distributor**: Universal Pictures
- **runtime**: 117 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: United States dollar, $9 million
- **gross**: $248.1 million
Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery

***Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery*** is a 1997 American comedy spy movie. It was directed by Jay Roach and was produced by Jan Blenkin, John S. Lyons, Eric McLeod, Demi Moore, and Mike Myers. It is the first entry of the Austin Powers movie series with a sequel released in 1999 followed by a second sequel in 2002.

## Plot

The setting is London, England.

Many characters use British English.

## Cast

- Mike Myers as Austin Powers, Dr. Evil
- Elizabeth Hurley as Vanessa Kensington
- Michael York as Basil Exposition
- Robert Wagner as Number 2
- Mindy Sterling as Frau Farbissina
- Seth Green as Scott Evil
- Will Ferrell as Mustafa

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Austin Powers:
International Man of Mystery
- **director**: Jay Roach
- **producer**: Jan Blenkin
John S. Lyons
Eric McLeod
Demi Moore
Mike Myers
- **writer**: Mike Myers
- **starring**: Mike Myers
Elizabeth Hurley
Michael York
Robert Wagner
Seth Green
Mindy Sterling
- **music**: George S. Clinton
- **cinematography**: Peter Deming
- **editing**: Debra Neil-Fisher
Jon Poll
- **distributor**: New Line Cinema
- **studio**: Eric's Boy
Moving Pictures
Team Todd
- **released**: June 11, 1997
- **runtime**: 95 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: United States dollar, $33 million
- **gross**: $67,711,748
Litoria chrisdahli

***Litoria chrisdahli*** is a frog from Papua New Guinea.  It lives in the Sepik Basin.

This frog has a spike on the end of its nose.  Scientists say it is related to _Litoria prora_ and _Litoria humboldtorum_ but it is smaller and smaller flaps of skin on its legs.  It also sounds different when it calls out.
Bideford witch trial

The **Bideford witch trials** began in 1682. Three women from Bideford, England were accused of witchcraft and hanged. The women were named Temperance Lloyd, Susanna Edwards and Mary Trembles. They were the last women in England to be executed for this crime.

At that time, Bideford was an important part of a growing transatlantic trade route with Newfoundland and Virginia. Due to plague and smallpox epidemics, by 1680 the crowded town had a population of 2,600.

Religion and folklore played key parts in the beliefs of 17th-century people. At the time, there was a reviving interest in and fear of witchcraft.
MLS Player of the Month

The **Major League Soccer Player of Month** is a monthly soccer award given to players in Major League Soccer. The honor is given to the player who have had the best performance in each month by a panel of journalists from the North American Soccer Reporters organization. The award was formerly voted on by the Professional Soccer Reporters Association.

Since 2014, the award has been sponsored by Etihad Airways and named the **Etihad Airways Player of the Month**.
Cross-site scripting

**Cross-site scripting (XSS)** is a client-side code injection attack. The attacker aims to execute malicious scripts in a web browser of the victim by including malicious code.

## How it works

In a **Cross-site Scripting attack (XSS)**, the attacker uses your vulnerable web page to deliver malicious JavaScript to your user. The user's browser executes this malicious JavaScript on the user's Computer. Note that about one in three websites is vulnerable to Cross-site scripting.
- Even though a Cross-site Scripting attack happens in the user's browser, it may affect your website or web application. For example, an attacker may use it to steal user credentials and log in to your website as that user. If that user is an administrator, the attacker gains control over your website.
- To protect against Cross-site Scripting, you must scan your website or web application regularly or at least after every change in the code. Then, your developers must correct the code to eliminate the vulnerability. Contrary to popular opinions, web application firewalls do not protect against Cross-site Scripting, they just make the attack more difficult – the vulnerability is still there.

### Non-persistent

**Non-persistent XSS** vulnerabilities in Google could allow  sites to attack Google users who visit them while logged in.
- The non-persistent (or reflected) cross-site scripting vulnerability is by far the most basic type of web vulnerability.

### Persistent

The persistent XSS vulnerability is a more devastating variant of a cross-site scripting flaw: it occurs when the data provided by the attacker is saved by the server, and then permanently displayed on "normal" pages returned to other users in the course of regular browsing, without proper HTML escaping.

### Self-XSS

Self-XSS is a form of XSS vulnerability which relies on social engineering in order to trick the victim into executing malicious JavaScript code into their browser.

### Mutated XSS

Mutated XSS happens when the attacker injects something that is seemingly safe, but rewritten and modified by the browser, while parsing the markup. This makes it extremely hard to detect or sanitize within the websites application logic.
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows

***Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows*** is a fantasy action movie. It was made in the United States and released in 2016. It is part of the _Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles_ (TMNT) series. The movie is the second and last in the rebooted _TMNT_ movie series. It is the first TMNT movie to feature the villains Krang, Bebop and Rocksteady.

## Cast

- Megan Fox as April O'Neil
- Stephen Amell as Casey Jones
- Tyler Perry as Baxter Stockman
- Jane Wu as Jade

### Voice cast

- Brad Garrett as Krang

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows
- **director**: Dave Green
- **producer**: Michael Bay
- **writer**: Josh Appelbaum
- **based on**: _Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Mirage Studios), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles_
by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird
- **starring**: Megan Fox
Stephen Amell
Will Arnett
Tony Shalhoub
- **music**: Brian Tyler
- **cinematography**: Lula Carvalho
- **editing**: Joel Negron
- **studio**: Nickelodeon Movies
Platinum Dunes
- **distributor**: Paramount Pictures
- **runtime**: 101 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $200–265 million
- **gross**: $881.3 million
Evil Con Carne

***Evil Con Carne*** is an American animated television series. It was created by Maxwell Atoms. It was originally shown on Cartoon Network. It began on 2003 and ended on 2004. It focuses on the brain of a devil playboy with a Spanish accent attached to the body of his pet demon bear who wants to collect the rest of his organs for world domination. It originated as a part of Grim & Evil before it was split into two shows.

## Cast

- Phil LaMarr as Hector Con Carne
- Grey DeLisle as Major Doctor Ghastly
- Armin Shimerman as General Skarr, Stomach
- Frank Welker as Boskov
- Maurice LaMarche as Estroy

## Infobox (television)

- **creator**: Maxwell Atoms
- **director**: Maxwell Atoms
- **voices**: Phil LaMarr
Grey DeLisle
Armin Shimerman
Frank Welker
- **theme music composer**: Gregory Hinde
Drew Neumann
- **composer**: Gregory Hinde and Drew Neumann
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 2
- **num episodes**: 13
- **list episodes**: #Episodes
- **producer**: Vincent Davis
- **runtime**: 22 minutes
- **company**: Cartoon Network Studios
- **channel**: Cartoon Network
Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas

***Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas*** is a 2003 animated movie about Sinbad the Sailor and his quest at the seven seas. It was made by DreamWorks Animation. It didn't do well at the box office.

It was the last movie  by Dreamworks to be drawn by hand instead of computer-animated.

Harry Gregson-Williams wrote the music for the movie.

## Cast

- Brad Pitt as Sinbad the Sailor
- Catherine Zeta-Jones as Marina
- Joseph Fiennes as Proteus
- Michelle Pfeiffer as Eris
- Dennis Haysbert as Kale
- Additional Voices, Jack Angel, Jim Cummings, Stephen Apostolina, Kirk Baily, Bob Bergen, Gregg Berger, Rodger Bumpass, David Cowgill, Brian Cummings, Jim Cummings, Carlos Ferro, Bill Farmer, Richard Epcar, Elisa Gabrielli, Eileen Galindo, Nicholas Guest, Lex Lang,Jim Lau, Ann Mathias, Neil Kaplan, Tom Kenny, Phil LaMarr, Carole Jeghers, Danny Mann, Randall Montgomery, Bob Papenbrook, Dina Morrone, Jonathan Nichols, Phil Proctor, Tony Oliver, Bobbi Page, Michelle Ruff, Juan Pope, Al Rodrigo, Alan Shearman, Michael Sorich, Skip Stellrecht, Marcelo Tubert, Simon Wells, Frank Welker, Conrad Vernon, Claudette Wells.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas
- **director**: Patrick Gilmore and Tim Johnson
- **producer**: Mireille Soria and Jeffrey Katzenberg
- **writer**: John Logan
- **starring**: Brad Pitt
Catherine Zeta-Jones
Joseph Fiennes
Michelle Pfeiffer
- **music**: Harry Gregson-Williams
- **editing**: Tom Finan
- **studio**: DreamWorks Animation
- **distributor**: DreamWorks Pictures
- **runtime**: 85 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
Drive My Car

"**Drive My Car**" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles. It was mainly written by Paul McCartney, with some help from John Lennon. It was first released on the British version of the band's 1965 album _Rubber Soul_. The song is about a movie star who asks the narrator of the song to be her chauffeur. McCartney also said that "'Drive my car' was an old blues euphemism for sex".

## Personnel

According to Ian MacDonald, except where noted:
- Paul McCartney – lead vocal, bass guitar, piano, slide guitar
- John Lennon – lead vocal, tambourine, rhythm guitar
- George Harrison – harmony vocal, lead guitar
- Ringo Starr – drums, cowbell

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Drive My Car
- **type**: song
- **artist**: the Beatles
- **album**: Rubber Soul
- **recorded**: 13 October 1965
- **studio**: Abbey Road Studios, EMI, London
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock, rhythm and blues
- **length**: 2:28
- **label**: Parlophone, EMI
- **writer**: Lennon–McCartney
- **producer**: George Martin
Norwegian Wood

**Norwegian Wood** may mean:

- "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)", a 1965 song by the Beatles
- Norwegian Wood (music festival), an annual music festival in Oslo, Norway
- _Norwegian Wood_ (novel), a novel by Haruki Murakami  1987
    - _Norwegian Wood_ (movie), a movie by Tran Anh Hung, based on the Murakami novel
- For woodland in Norway, see Geography of Norway#Flora
Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)

"**Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)**" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles. It was first released on their 1965 album _Rubber Soul_. It was mainly written by John Lennon, but listed as being written by Lennon–McCartney. The song was influenced by the lyrics of Bob Dylan. The song had a sitar played by George Harrison, which was the first time this had been done in Western rock music. The song was a number one in Australia, where it was released as a single. _Rolling Stone_ magazine said it was the 83rd-greatest song of all time.

## Personnel

Personnel per Walter Everett

- John Lennon – double-tracked vocals, acoustic guitar
- Paul McCartney – bass guitar, harmony vocals
- George Harrison – 12-string acoustic guitar, double-tracked sitar
- Ringo Starr – tambourine, bass drum

## References

**Citations**

**Bibliography**

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)
- **artist**: the Beatles
- **album**: Rubber Soul
- **recorded**: 21 October 1965
- **studio**: Abbey Road Studios, EMI, London
- **label**: Parlophone
- **writer**: Lennon–McCartney
- **producer**: George Martin
Francine Simonin

**Francine Simonin** (2 October 1936 – 9 October 2020) was a Swiss-Canadian painter, engraver, and designer. She was seen to be an expressionist. Simonin was born in Lucerne, Switzerland. From 1971 to 1994, she taught at the Université du Québec in Trois-Rivières. Simonin's works were regularly displayed by Galerie Lacerte in Montreal. She also did much of her work in Évian-les-Bains.

Simonin died on 9 October 2020 in Montreal, Quebec at the age of 84.
Ahmed Adghirni

**Ahmed Adghirni** (5 May 1947 – 19 October 2020) was a Moroccan politician, lawyer, writer, and human rights activist. He was from a Berber tribe. Adghirni was born in Aït Ali in Sous, Morocco.

He was a political activist for Berbers in Morocco. He was very active in the World Amazigh Congress, participating in the "pre-congress" at Saint-Rome-de-Dolan in 1995 and the first congress at Las Palmas in 1997.

Adghirni died on 19 October 2020 in Tiznit, Morocco at the age of 73.
Spencer Davis

**Spencer Davis** (born **Spencer David Nelson Davies**, 17 July 1939 – 19 October 2020) was a Welsh musician and multi-instrumentalist. He was the founder of the 1960s beat band The Spencer Davis Group.

Davis died from pneumonia on 19 October 2020 in Los Angeles at the age of 81.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Spencer Davis
- **image**: Spencer Davis 08072006 NSU 01.JPG
- **caption**: Davis performing in July 2006
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Spencer David Nelson Davies
- **birth place**: Swansea, Wales
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Musician
- **years active**: 1963–2020
- **associated acts**: The Spencer Davis Group
Tony Lewis (musician)

**Tony Lewis** (21 December 1957 – 19 October 2020) was an English pop rock singer-songwriter and bassist. He was a member of the band the Outfield, known for their hit single "Your Love". He released his first solo album, _Out of the Darkness,_ in the spring of 2018 on Madison Records. His career began in 1984. He was born in London.

Lewis died on 19 October 2020 in London at the age of 62.
Yehoshua Blau

**Yehoshua Blau** (Hebrew: יהושע בלאו , September 22, 1919 – October 20, 2020) was a Romanian-born Israeli scholar of Arabic language and literature. He was a Professor Emeritus at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was born in Cluj, Romania.

Blau was elected a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy in 1983. Blau was elected as a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 1968.

Blau died on October 20, 2020 in Tel Aviv at the age of 101.
Derryl Cousins

**Derryl Cousins** (August 18, 1946 – October 20, 2020) was an American umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB). He worked in the American League (AL) from 1979 to 1999, and umpired throughout both leagues from 2000 until his retirement following the 2012 season. Cousins was born in Fresno, California.

Cousins died on October 20, 2020 from cancer in Palm Springs, California at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Major league profile
- Retrosheet
Bogdan Józef Wojtuś

**Bogdan Józef Wojtuś** (4 July 1937 – 20 October 2020) was a Polish Roman Catholic prelate. He was an auxiliary bishop of the archdiocese of Gniezno from 1988 until 2012. He was born in Łąsko Wielki, Poland.

Pope John Paul II appointed him Titular Bishop of Vassinassa on November 17, 1993, and Auxiliary Bishop of Gniezno. On September 15, 2012, Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation request made for reasons of age.

Wojtuś died on 20 October 2020 from COVID-19 in Poznań, Poland at the age of 83.
Thiruvalla

**Thiruvalla**, alternately spelled **Tiruvalla**, is a town & Tier 3 City in Kerala and also the headquarters of the Taluk of same name in Pathanamthitta district in the State of Kerala, India. It is known as the "Land of Non resident Indians".It is the largest City in district.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Thiruvalla
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Thiruvallakkar.jpg
- **image caption**: Thiruvalla Town
- **pushpin map**: India Kerala
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Kerala, India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: India
- **subdivision type1**: States and territories of India, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of districts of India, District
- **subdivision name1**: Kerala
- **subdivision name2**: Pathanamthitta district, Pathanamthitta
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 27.15
- **elevation m**: 9
- **population total**: 52,883
- **population as of**: 2011
- **demographics type1**: Language
- **demographics1 title1**: Languages
- **demographics1 info1**: Malayalam language, Malayalam, English language, English
Literacy = 83.5%
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 689101
- **area code**: 91-469
- **area code type**: Telephone code
- **registration plate**: KL-27
- **blank2 name sec2**: Nearest Airport
- **blank2 info sec2**: Cochin International Airport Limited
Arthur Takes Over

***Arthur Takes Over*** is a 1948 American comedy movie directed by Malcolm St. Clair and starring Lois Collier, Richard Crane, Skip Homeier, Ann E. Todd, Jerome Cowan, William Bakewell, Howard Freeman, Luana Walters, Almira Sessions. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Homesteaders of Paradise Valley

***Homesteaders of Paradise Valley*** is a 1947 American western movie directed by R. G. Springsteen and starring Allan Lane, Ann E. Todd, Robert Blake, Martha Wentworth, Gene Roth, Mauritz Hugo, Emmett Vogan, Edythe Elliott.
Maubara Administrative Post

**Maubara** is a village in Maubara Subdistrict, East Timor, just west of the city of Liquiçá. Most of the inhabitants speak Tocodede. It lies near the Maubara Important Bird Area, the small coastal Lake Maubara. The Parish Church of Maubara is located here. There is a historic Dutch fort.
David Choquehuanca

**David Choquehuanca Céspedes** (born May 7, 1961) is a Bolivian politician who was the Vice President of Bolivia from November 8, 2020 until November 8, 2025. He was the Foreign Minister from 23 January 2006 to 23 January 2017.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: David Choquehuanca
- **image**: David Choquehuanca Céspedes (Official Portrait, 2020) Cropped I.jpg
- **office**: Vice President of Bolivia
- **president**: Luis Arce
- **term start**: 8 November 2020
- **term end**: 8 November 2025
- **predecessor**: Álvaro García Linera
- **successor**: Edmand Lara
- **office1**: Chancellor of Bolivia
- **president1**: Evo Morales
- **term start1**: 22 January 2006
- **term end1**: 23 January 2017
- **predecessor1**: Armando Loaiza
- **successor1**: Fernando Huanacuni Mamani
- **office2**: Secretary General of ALBA
- **term start2**: 5 March 2017
- **term end2**: 15 November 2019
- **predecessor2**: Bernardo Álvarez Herrera
- **birth name**: David Choquehuanca Céspedes
- **birth place**: Cota Cota Baja, Omasuyos Province, Bolivia
- **nationality**: Bolivian
- **party**: Movement for Socialism – Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples
- **occupation**: Peasant union leader, politician
Álvaro García Linera

**Álvaro Marcelo García Linera** (; born 19 October 1962), is a Bolivian politician. He was Vice President of Bolivia from 2006 until his removal in 2019 during the Evo Morales presidency.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Álvaro García Linera
- **image**: Álvaro_García_Linera_-_Participante_del_Foro_Internacional_por_la_Emancipación_y_la_Igualdad_2011_(cropped).jpg
- **order1**: Vice President of Bolivia
- **president1**: Evo Morales
- **term start1**: January 22, 2006
- **term end1**: November 10, 2019
- **predecessor1**: Carlos Mesa
- **successor1**: David Choquehuanca
- **birth place**: Cochabamba, Bolivia
- **party**: Movement for Socialism – Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples, Movement for Socialism
- **spouse**: Claudia Fernández Valdivia (2012–present)
Chamber of Senators (Bolivia)

The **Chamber of Senators** () is the upper house of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly of Bolivia.

The Senate has 36 seats. Each of the country's nine departments returns four senators elected by proportional representation (using the D'Hondt method).

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: Chamber of Senators
- **native name**: Cámara de Senadores
- **coa pic**: Coat_of_arms_of_Bolivia.svg
- **foundation**: 1831
- **house type**: Upper house
- **body**: Plurinational Legislative Assembly
- **leader1 type**: President of the Senate of Bolivia, President of the Senate
- **leader1**: Mónica Eva Copa
- **party1**: Movement for Socialism (Bolivia), MAS
- **election1**: 14 November 2019
- **members**: **36**
- **structure1**: Senado de Bolivia elecciones 2014.svg
- **structure1 res**: 250px
- **political groups1**: **Majority (25)**
* Movement for Socialism (Bolivia), MAS-IPSP (25)
**Minority (11)**
* National Unity Front, UN (8)
* Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia), PDC (2)
**Vacant (1)**
* Vacant
- **voting system1**: Party-list proportional representation
- **last election1**: Bolivian general election, 2014, 5 October 2014
- **next election1**: 2020 Bolivian general election, 18 October 2020
- **session room**: Palacio de Congresos Bolivia.jpg
- **meeting place**: Legislative Palace building in Plaza Murillo
- **website**: https://web.senado.gob.bo/
Chamber of Deputies (Bolivia)

The **Chamber of Deputies** () is the lower house of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly of Bolivia. The composition and powers of this house are established in the Political Constitution of the State.

The Chamber of Deputies comprises 130 seats, elected using the additional member system: 70 deputies are elected to represent single-member electoral districts, 7 of which are Indigenous or Campesino seats elected by the usos y costumbres of minority groups, 60 are elected by proportional representation from party lists on a departmental basis. Deputies also serve five-year terms, and must be aged at least 25 on the day of the election.

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: Chamber of Deputies
- **native name**: Cámara de Diputados
- **coa pic**: Coat_of_arms_of_Bolivia.svg
- **foundation**: 1831
- **house type**: Lower house
- **body**: Plurinational Legislative Assembly
- **leader1 type**: List of Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies of Bolivia, President of the Chamber of Deputies
- **leader1**: Sergio Choque
- **party1**: Movement for Socialism (Bolivia), MAS
- **election1**: 14 November 2019
- **members**: **130**
- **structure1**: Cámara_de_Diputados_de_Bolivia_elecciones_2014.svg
- **structure1 res**: 250px
- **political groups2**: **Majority**
* Movement for Socialism (Bolivia), MAS-IPSP (86)
**Minority**
* National Unity Front, UN (32)
* Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia), PDC (10)
**Vacant**
* Vacant (2)
- **voting system1**: Additional Member System
- **last election1**: Bolivian general election, 2014, 5 October 2014
- **next election1**: 2020 Bolivian general election, 18 October 2020
- **session room**: Palacio de Congresos Bolivia.jpg
- **meeting place**: Legislative Palace building in Plaza Murillo
- **website**: http://www.diputados.bo
2019 Bolivian political crisis

On 10 November 2019, after 21 days of civil protests following the disputed election results of October 2019 and the release of a report from the Organization of American States (OAS), which showed irregularities in the electoral process, trade unions, the military and the police of Bolivia asked president Evo Morales to resign.

Morales resigned and was offered political asylum to Morales the following day, which Morales accepted a day afterwards.

The second vice president of the Senate, opposition senator Jeanine Áñez, assumed the role of president on 12 November, being the next in line for the presidency.

Morales has called for the Bolivian people to reject the leadership of Áñez. He and his supporters argue that the event was a coup d'état.
2019 Bolivian general election

**General elections** were held in Bolivia on 20 October 2019.

Voters elected all 130 members of the Chamber of Deputies and 36 senators and cast ballots for a joint slate of president and vice president.

Disputes over the transparency and legitimacy of the elections caused weeks of widespread protests in Bolivia after incumbent President Evo Morales was declared the winner with 47.08% of the vote. This was greater than ten-point margin over his nearest competitor, Carlos Mesa, this was enough for Morales to be announced as a winner without a run-off second-round vote.

The Organization of American States (OAS) said that there was "clear manipulation" and significant irregularities.

## Infobox (election)

- **election name**: 2019 Bolivian general election
- **country**: Bolivia
- **flag year**: state
- **type**: presidential
- **previous election**: 2014 Bolivian general election
- **previous year**: 2014
- **next election**: 2020 Bolivian general election
- **next year**: 2020
- **election date**: 20 October 2019
- **ongoing**: no
- **turnout**: 88.31% ( 0.41Percentage point, pp)
- **image1**: Evo Morales 2017.jpg
- **image1 size**: 150x150px
- **nominee1**: Evo Morales
- **party1**: Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)
- **running mate1**: Álvaro García Linera
- **popular vote1**: **2,889,359**
- **percentage1**: **47.08%**
- **image2**: Carlos Mesa, ex-President of Bolivia (cropped 2).jpg
- **image2 size**: 150x150px
- **nominee2**: Carlos Mesa
- **party2**: Civic Community
- **colour2**: F26524
- **running mate2**: Gustavo Pedraza
- **popular vote2**: 2,240,920
- **percentage2**: 36.51%
- **image3**: Chi Hyun Ching (cropped).png
- **image3 size**: 150x150px
- **nominee3**: Chi Hyun Chung
- **party3**: Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia)
- **running mate3**: Paola Barriga
- **popular vote3**: 539,081
- **percentage3**: 8.78%
- **map image**: 2019 Bolivian elections map.png
- **map size**: 300px
- **title**: President
- **before election**: Evo Morales
- **before party**: Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)
- **after election**: 2019 Bolivian political crisis, Election results annulled
Luis Fernando Camacho

**Luis Fernando Camacho Vaca** (born 15 February 1979) is a Bolivian lawyer, businessman and activist. He is a member of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement in Bolivia.

He was a major critic of Evo Morales in the 2019 Bolivian general elections. He demanded that Morales resign on 5 November 2019. He ran for President of Bolivia in 2020 but did not win.

In December 2022, A judge in Bolivia sent Camacho to be kept in prison four months before his trial on terrorism charges. The charges are for his call for a national strike.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Luis Fernando Camacho
- **image**: Luis Fernando Camacho 2019.png
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Camacho in 2019
- **birth name**: Luis Fernando Camacho Vaca
- **birth place**: Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
- **office1**: President of the Santa Cruz Civic Committee
- **term start1**: 2 February 2019
- **term end1**: 29 November 2019
- **predecessor1**: Fernando Cuéllar Núñez
- **successor1**: Rómulo Calvo Bravo
- **party**: Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, MNR (2004–2020)
- **otherparty**: Santa Cruz Youth Union
2019 Bolivian protests

From 21 October 2019 until late November of that year, protests and marches occurred in Bolivia in response to claims of electoral fraud in the 2019 general election of 20 October.

After 11 November 2019 there were protests by supporters of the outgoing government in response to Jeanine Áñez becoming the acting president of Bolivia. The claims of fraud were made after the suspension of the preliminary vote count, in which incumbent Evo Morales was not leading by a large enough margin (10%) to avoid a runoff.

## Infobox (civil conflict)

- **title**: 2019 Bolivian protests
- **image**: Manifestaciones en La Paz, Bolivia en contra el fraude electoral y el gobierno de Evo Morales.jpg
- **image size**: 280
- **caption**: Protestors in La Paz
- **date**: **Before Morales resignation**
 21 October – 10 November 2019
 **After Morales resignation**
 11–21 November 2019
- **methods**: Protests, rioting, civil resistance, unrest, strikes
- **result**: * Evo Morales resigns as President of Bolivia
* Jeanine Áñez becomes acting president; new elections to be held in October 2020
- **side1**: **Morales loyalists**
* Armed Forces of Bolivia
* Law enforcement in Bolivia, Bolivian National Police
* Movement for Socialism (Bolivia), Movement for Socialism
* Pro-MAS protesters
- **side2**: **Áñez loyalists**
* Civic Community, Civic Community coalition
* Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia), Christian Democratic Party
* Law enforcement in Bolivia, Bolivian National Police
* Armed Forces of Bolivia
* Anti-MAS protesters
- **leadfigures1**: **Evo Morales**

*  Álvaro García Linera, Álvaro García
*  Diego Pary Rodríguez, Diego Pary
*  Víctor Borda
- **leadfigures2**: **Jeanine Áñez**

*  Carlos Mesa
*  Luis Fernando Camacho, Luis Camacho
*  Chi Hyun Chung
*  Rafael Quispe
- **fatalities**: 33 <small>(as of 27 November 2019)</small>
- **injuries**: 804 <small>(as of 27 November 2019)</small>
- **arrests**: 1511 <small>(as of 27 November 2019)</small>
Eddie Tonks

**Edward James Tonks**  ( – 18 October 2020) was a New Zealand businessman and sports administrator. He was chair of the New Zealand Rugby Football Union (NZRFU) between 1990 and 1995. He also chaired the International Rugby Board (IRB).

Tonks died at his home in Wellington on 18 October 2020, aged 85.
Naomi Klein

**Naomi A. Klein** (born May 8, 1970) is a Canadian author, social activist, and filmmaker. She analyses politics and criticizes capitalism. Since 2018, she has been a faculty member at Rutgers University; Her position there is _the Gloria Steinem Chair in Media, Culture, and Feminist Studies_.

Klein's _This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate_ (2014) was a _New York Times_ non-fiction bestseller and won the Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction.

Naomi Klein has a Jewish background.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Naomi Klein
- **image**: Blockupy Kundgebung und Demo in Frankfurt (16675512549) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Naomi Klein in March 2015
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **occupation**: Author, activist, professor
- **citizenship**: Canadian
- **alma mater**: St. George's School of Montreal
- **period**: 1999–present
- **genre**: Nonfiction
- **subject**: Alter-globalization, anti-war, anti-capitalism, environmentalism
- **notableworks**: _This Changes Everything (book), This Changes Everything_, _No Logo_, _The Shock Doctrine_
- **spouse**: Avi Lewis
- **children**: 1
Mark Drakeford

**Mark Drakeford** (born 19 September 1954) is a Welsh Labour politician. He has been First Minister of Wales and leader of the Welsh Labour Party from 2018 until 2024.  He served as Cabinet Secretary for Finance in the Jones Government from 2016 to 2018, Minister for Brexit from 2017 to 2018 and Minister for Health and Social Services from 2013 to 2016. Drakeford has been a member of the Senedd for Cardiff West since 2011.

Drakeford was born in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire. He married his wife Clare (_née_ Buckle) in Cambridge in 1977. The couple have three children. One of which is a sex offender who has been jailed several times for sex offences.