juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
John Cooper (Tennessee politician)

**John Cooper** (born October 15, 1956) is an American businessman who was the mayor of Nashville, Tennessee from 2019 to 2023. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He is the brother of former U.S. representative Jim Cooper, who represented Tennessee's 5th congressional district.

On January 31, 2023, Cooper announced that he would not run for reelection in the 2023 Nashville mayoral election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Cooper
- **image**: MayorJohnCooper.jpg
- **office**: 9th List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee, Mayor of Metropolitan Nashville
- **term start**: September 28, 2019
- **term end**: September 25, 2023
- **predecessor**: David Briley
- **successor**: Freddie O'Connell
- **birth place**: Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Laura Fitzgerald
- **children**: 3
- **relatives**: Prentice Cooper (father)
Jim Cooper (brother)
- **education**: Harvard University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Vanderbilt University (Master of Business Administration, MBA)
Freddie O'Connell

**Thomas Frederick O'Connell** (born 1976/1977) is an American politician who is mayor of Metropolitan Nashville since 2023.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Freddie O'Connell
- **image**: Freddie O'Connell, Mayor, Nashville-Davidson County.jpg
- **caption**: Mayor Freddie O'Connell
- **alt**: Nashville Mayor
- **office**: 10th List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee, Mayor of Metropolitan Nashville
- **term start**: September 25, 2023
- **predecessor**: John Cooper (Tennessee politician), John Cooper
- **office1**: Member of the Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County, Nashville Metro Council
from the 19th district
- **term start1**: September 1, 2015
- **term end1**: September 1, 2023
- **predecessor1**: Erica Gilmore
- **successor1**: Jacob Kupin
- **birth name**: Thomas Frederick O'Connell
- **birth place**: Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Whitney Boon
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Brown University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Buddy Dyer

**John Hugh** "**Buddy**" **Dyer** (born August 7, 1958) is an American Democratic politician who became Mayor of Orlando, Florida since 2003. Before, he was a representative for Orlando in the Florida State Senate from 1992 to 2002.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Buddy Dyer
- **image**: Mayor_Buddy_Dyer_2018.jpg
- **caption**: Dyer in 2018
- **office**: 32nd List of mayors of Orlando, Florida, Mayor of Orlando
- **term start**: March 1, 2003
- **predecessor**: Glenda Hood
- **office1**: Minority Leader of the Florida Senate
- **term start1**: November 17, 1998
- **term end1**: November 21, 2000
- **predecessor1**: Ken Jenne
- **successor1**: Tom Rossin
- **state senate2**: Florida
- **district2**: 14th
- **term start2**: November 17, 1992
- **term end2**: November 19, 2002
- **predecessor2**: Rich Crotty
- **successor2**: Rod Smith (politician), Rod Smith
- **birth name**: John Hugh Dyer
- **birth place**: Orlando, Florida, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Brown University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
University of Florida (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **signature**: Buddy Dyer Signature.png
Frank Ryan (American football)

**Frank Beall Ryan** (July 12, 1936 – January 1, 2024) was an American professional football player. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Rams from 1958 to 1961, Cleveland Browns from 1962 to 1968 and Washington Redskins from 1969 to 1970.

Ryan was also a mathematician and was a faculty member at Case Western Reserve University from 1967 to 1974.

Ryan died at a nursing home in Waterford, Connecticut on January 1, 2024 from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, aged 87.

## Other websites

- Frank Ryan's dissertation
European Severe Storms Laboratory

The **European Severe Storms Laboratory** (**ESSL**) is a scientific organization that conducts research on severe convective storms, tornadoes, intense precipitation events, and avalanches across Europe and the Mediterranean. It operates the widely cited European Severe Weather Database (ESWD). ESSL is also responsible for leading the creation of the International Fujita scale in 2018 to replace the Fujita scale.

## History

The European Severe Storms Laboratory started as an informal network of European scientists with the goal to advance research on severe convective storms and extreme weather events on a European level. It was initiated in 2002 by Nikolai Dotzek and became a non-profit organization with charitable status in 2006.

The ESSL focuses on research questions concerning convective storms and other extreme weather phenomena which can be treated more efficiently on a pan-European scale. It can be seen as roughly the European counterpart to the US's National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Some members of ESSL participate in the European Storm Forecast Experiment (ESTOFEX) which issues daily forecasts of severe convective storms. It can be seen as the operational counterpart to the US Storm Prediction Center (SPC) akin to ESSL being the research counterpart to NSSL, although both European organizations currently lack the institutional support enjoyed by the US organizations which are government entities.

The purposes of the ESSL are:
- to advance research on severe convective storms and extreme weather events on a European level
- to operate and extend the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD)
- to support or organize the European Conferences on Severe Storms
Lucie Jones

**Lucie Bethan Jones** (born 20 March 1991) is a Welsh singer, musical theatre actress and model. She competed on _The X Factor_ in 2006 and later represented the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with the song "Never Give Up on You", finishing 15th.
Hastings Ndlovu

**Hastings Ndlovu** (2 February 1961 – 16 June 1976) was a South African anti-apartheid activist who was shot and killed during the 1976 Soweto uprising and massacre.

## Life and death

Ndlovu was 15 years old on the day of the uprising. He and other Black students protested against an official order making Afrikaans required in their schools and banning their local languages in these schools. On that morning, he led these students towards the bridge in Khumalo Street, where they met police from the Orlando Police Station led by Colonel Kleingeld. Kleingeld later claimed that he was "inciting the mob". There he was shot at, and he was actually the first to be shot according to police records. However, his death did not become as iconic as Hector Pieterson's because no photographer was present to record Ndlovu's death and it was not immediately known.

Ndlovu was taken, in the middle of the morning, to Chris Hani Baragnawath Hospital with gunshot wounds. More specifically, he had a bullet wound to one side of his head. Brains and blood spilled out of a large exit wound on the other. He also had a coma from the moment he was shot, and he was dead at some time around midday. This was all recorded by his doctor, Malcolm Klein, in his report from 2003, now in the Hector Pieterson Museum.

Ndlovu's legacy was passed on by his family. His father died in 2003 and his two sisters went into exile shortly after 16 June but have returned to Johannesburg. It is believed that his mother died shortly after her two daughters left South Africa.

## Legacy

Ndlovu was laid to rest in the same cemetery as Pieterson, Avalon Cemetery, and is honoured alongside Pieterson at the Hector Pieterson Museum  His home was given a blue plaque on June 16, 2012 as a spot on the June 16 Soweto Heritage Trail to remember his sacrifice. Ndlovu's bridge, on the corner of Klipspruit Valley and Khumalo roads, marks the location where he was shot by the police. On the bridge there is a statue of young Ndlovu dressed in uniform and standing on a plinth (heavy supporting base). He is smiling and holding his arm up. Storyboards line each side of the bridge, on the sides of a new steel and concrete structure with seating.
Japan Trench

The **Japan Trench** is a long oceanic trench in the Pacific Ocean near Japan. It is a deep and wide trench, and it is famous because it's where one of the most powerful earthquakes happened in 2011. This earthquake caused a big tsunami that affected Japan's eastern coast. The Japan Trench is important because it's where two of Earth's tectonic plates meet: the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. These plates move and sometimes cause earthquakes and tsunamis in the region.

The rate of subduction associated with the Japan Trench has been recorded at about 7.9–9.2 centimetres (3.1–3.6 in)/yr.
Felix Dzerzhinsky

**Felix Dzerzhinsky** was the first leader of the Cheka, or the first Soviet state security organization. He was a Polish aristocrat-turned-Communist.
Saleh al-Arouri

**Saleh al-Arouri** (, also transliterated as **Salah al-Arouri** or **Salih al-Aruri**; 19 August 1966 – 2 January 2024) was a senior leader of Hamas, and a founding commander of its military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, at the time of his death. He lived in Lebanon.

On 2 January 2024, al-Arouri was killed in Dahieh, suburban Beirut, in a missile attack by the Israel Defense Forces.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Saleh al-Arouri
- **image**: File:Saleh al-Arouri at Russia–Hamas meeting, 2022 (cropped).jpg
- **birth place**: 'Arura, Jordanian West Bank
- **death place**: Dahieh, Beirut, Lebanon
- **office3**: Founding Commander of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
- **term start3**: 1993
- **term end3**: 2024
- **predecessor3**: Office established
- **office2**: Deputy Chairman of the Political Bureau of Hamas
- **term start2**: 2017
- **term end2**: 2024
- **nationality**: Palestinian
- **education**: Religious Sharia, Hebron University
- **profession**: Military commander
- **known for**: Founding commander of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
- **1blankname2**: Chairman
- **1namedata2**: Ismail Haniyeh
- **caption**: Saleh al-Arouri in 2022
- **native name**: <div style="text-decoration:none; font-weight:normal; font-style:normal; font-size:90%;">صَالِحٌ الْعَارُورِيُّ</div>
- **native name lang**: ar
Philautus mjobergi

The **Murud bubble-nest frog** (_Philautus mjobergi_) is a frog.  It lives in Borneo, in Indonesia and Malaysia. People have seen it between 1500 and 3000 meters above sea level.
Sartaj Aziz

**Sartaj Aziz** (; 7 February 1929 – 2 January 2024) was a Pakistani economist and politician. Aziz was born in Mardan, then-British India.

Aziz was the Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993 and 1997 to 1998. He was the National Security Advisor from 2013 to 2015. He also was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1998 to 1999 and again from 2013 to 2017. He worked in the government of Nawaz Sharif. Aziz was also a member of the Senate from 1988 to 1999.

Aziz died on 2 January 2024 in Islamabad, Pakistan at the age of 94.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sartaj Aziz
- **office**: Minister of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan), Adviser to the Prime Minister on Foreign Affairs
- **native name lang**: ur
- **image**: Sartaj Aziz (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Aziz in 2014
- **president**: Mamnoon Hussain
- **primeminister**: Nawaz Sharif
- **predecessor2**: Gohar Ayub Khan, Gohar Ayub-Khan
- **president2**: Rafiq Tarar
- **primeminister2**: Nawaz Sharif
- **successor2**: Abdul Sattar (diplomat), Abdul Sattar
- **party**: Pakistan Muslim League (N)
- **prior term**: Mir Hazar Khan Khoso (Acting)
- **birth place**: Mardan, British India (present day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
- **death place**: Islamabad, Pakistan
- **nationality**: Pakistani
- **relations**: Ashar Aziz (nephew)
- **awards**: Nishan-e-Pakistan, Tamgha-e-Pakistan (1959)
- **image size**: 200px
- **term start**: 7 June 2013
- **term end**: 28 July 2017
- **term start2**: 7 August 1998
- **term end2**: 12 October 1999
- **order3**: 6th National Security Advisor (Pakistan), National Security Advisor
- **term start3**: 7 June 2013
- **term end3**: 23 October 2015
- **president3**: Mamnoon Hussain
- **primeminister3**: Nawaz Sharif
- **predecessor3**: Mahmud Ali Durrani
- **successor3**: Naseer Khan Janjua
- **order4**: Finance Minister of Pakistan, Minister of Finance
- **term start4**: 25 February 1997
- **term end4**: 6 August 1998
- **primeminister4**: Nawaz Sharif
- **predecessor4**: Naveed Qamar
- **successor4**: Ishaq Dar
- **prior term4**: Shahid Javed Burki (Acting)
- **term start5**: 26 May 1993
- **term end5**: 18 July 1993
- **predecessor5**: Farooq Leghari
- **successor5**: Syed Babar Ali
- **term start6**: 7 August 1990
- **term end6**: 18 April 1993
- **predecessor6**: Benazir Bhutto
- **successor6**: Farooq Leghari
- **order7**: Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Security
- **term start7**: 1984
- **term end7**: 1988
- **primeminister7**: Muhammad Khan Junejo
- **order8**: Senate of Pakistan, Member of Senate from Islamabad Capital Territory
- **term start8**: March 1988
- **term end8**: 12 October 1999
Professional Women's Hockey League

The **Professional Women's Hockey League** (**PWHL**; ) is a professional women's ice hockey league. It was made on August 29, 2023. There are 8 teams in the league, with 4 each in Canada and the United States. The league was first announced on August 29, 2023, with 6 inaugural teams. The first game of the league was held on January 1, 2024 between PWHL New York (now the New York Sirens) and PWHL Toronto (now the Toronto Sceptres).

The league is owned by the Mark Walter Group and management of the league is headed by commissioner Jayna Hefford. Brian Burke also works as an executive director of the players' union.

### List of teams

|align="center"|Team|align="center"|City|align="center"|Arena|align="center"|Capacity|align="center"|Founded|align="center"|Joined|align="center"|General manager|align="center"|Head coach|align="center"|Captain|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|**Boston Fleet**|Lowell, Massachusetts|Tsongas Center|align=center|6,003|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**Minnesota Frost**|Saint Paul, Minnesota|Xcel Energy Center|align=center|17,954|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**Montréal Victoire**|Laval, Quebec|Place Bell|align=center|10,062|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**New York Sirens**|Newark, New Jersey|Prudential Center|align=center|16,514|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**Ottawa Charge**|Ottawa, Ontario|TD Place Arena|align=center|6,500|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**Seattle Torrent**|Seattle, Washington|Climate Pledge Arena|align=center|17,151|colspan=2 align=center|2025||||||||||||
|**Toronto Sceptres**|Toronto, Ontario|Coca-Cola Coliseum|align=center|8,100|colspan=2 align=center|2023||||||||||||
|**Vancouver Goldeneyes**|Vancouver, British Columbia|Pacific Coliseum|align=center|16,281|colspan=2 align=center|2025||||||||||||

## Infobox (sports league)

- **title**: Professional Women's Hockey League

- **current season**: 2025–26 PWHL season
- **logo**: PWHL logo.svg
- **sport**: Ice hockey
- **inaugural**: 2024
- **commissioner**: Jayna Hefford (as SVP of Hockey Operations)
- **teams**: 8
- **country**: Canada (4 teams)
United States (4 teams)
- **website**: [https://www.thepwhl.com/ thepwhl.com]
Alison Christie

**Ali Christie-Upton** (born 1 December 1969 Jersey) is a Scottish rugby union player.

## Career

From 1994 to 2004, she competed for Scotland. She competed at the 2002 Women's Rugby World Cup  She competed at Womens Six Nations Championship.

She played for Richmond Rugby. She has also represented the  Classic Lionesses team, in the 2003 Bermuda Classics and in 2007 Murrayfield Stadium.
Pain in crustaceans

**Pain in crustaceans** is the debate of whether or not crustaceans can feel pain, and in what way they feel pain. Pain is a complex state, and it may involve suffering.  It is difficult to see if an animal feels pain. In general, pain is caused by harmful stimuli, and animals that feel pain will avoid these stimuli. To actually feel the pain, the animal also needs a more or less complex nervous system. Crustaceans fulfil several criteria. They do have a complex nervous system, they have opioid receptors, and they react less, when they are given anesthetics (painkillers).

Also, they show some degree of learning how to avoid the bad stimulus.
Eyestalk

An **Eyestalk,** **eye stalk**  or **ommatophore** is a feature that moves an eye away from the body in anatomy. That way, the eye has a better field of view. Eyestalks are a specialized type of tentacle. Tentacles may also have olfactory organs at their ends. Examples of creatures with olfactory tentacles include snails, the trilobite superfamily Asaphida, and the fly family Diopsidae. In slugs and snails, these tentacles will regrow if severely damaged, and in some species, are retractable. Crustaceans also have eyestalks, consisting of two segments.
Maria Callas Museum

The **Maria Callas Museum** is a museum created for the famous Greek soprano Maria Callas. It opened on 26 October 2023, and is located in Athens, Greece.

## History

In 2000, the City of Athens bought some of Callas' personal objects, and started a collection about the soprano, with the goal of creating an exhibition for the 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2010, the City bought a three storey building of the interwar period located on 44 Mitropoleos Street, for 7 million euros. Three years later, it was decided that the Callas collection would be moved to that building.

The study for the museum made by Erato Koutsoudaki, Andromache Gazi and Alexandros Charkiolakis was first presented in 2014. The Maria Callas Museum opened a decade later, on Thursday, 26 October 2023. The museum's management was given to the managers of the Technopolis of Athens cultural centre, for the years 2023 to 2028.

## Collections

The museum has many of Callas' personal objects, costumes for opera and personal haute couture clothes. According to the museum's co-designer, architect and museum specialist Erato Koutsoudaki, the museum's collection is not its greatest element; its exhibitions were based on Callas' personality and they include her singing voice and interviews of hers.

## Other websites

- Official website of the museum

## Infobox (museum)

- **logo caption**: The museum's logo
- **image**: Maria Callas Museum, Athens.jpg
- **caption**: The museum in 2023
- **name**: Maria Callas Museum
- **native name**: Μουσείο Μαρία Κάλλας
- **native name lang**: el
- **logo**: Maria Callas Museum - logo.png
- **website**: https://mariacallasmuseum.gr/en/
- **owner**: City of Athens
- **established**: 2023
- **location**: 44 Mitropoleos Street, Athens, Greece
Gimli, Manitoba

**Gimli** is a town in Manitoba, Canada. It is home to the largest Icelandic community outside of Iceland. people speak Icelandic. It is one of the five settlements who speak Icelandic.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Gimli
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Canada
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces and territories of Canada, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Manitoba
- **subdivision type2**: Rural Municipality
- **subdivision name2**: RM of Gimli
- **pushpin map**: Manitoba
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the province of Manitoba
- **area land km2**: 3.02
- **population total**: 2345
- **population density km2**: 775.7
1764 Woldegk tornado

The **1764 Woldegk tornado** was one of the strongest tornadoes in history, receiving the T11 rating on the TORRO scale and an F5 rating on the Fujita scale. It had winds estimated to be more than . The tornado traveled  and reached a maximum width of . Most of the information known about this tornado came from a 77-paragraph study by German scientist Gottlob Burchard Genzmer, which was published one year after the tornado happened. The tornado completely destroyed several structures, and several tree branches were believed to have been thrown into the atmosphere. Many areas were covered with up to most no rain reported. Large hail, reportedly reaching  in diameter covered the ground, caused significant crop and property damage, killed dozens of animals, and injured multiple people in a large stretch around the tornado and to the northwest of the tornado's path.

## Related pages

- List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes

## Infobox (storm)

- **name**: 1764 Woldegk tornado
- **image**: Tornado Woldegk 1764 - copperplate print.jpg
- **caption**: A copper engraving by Gottlob Burchard Genzmer showing the tornado
- **formed**: June 29, 1764
- **active**: 35 minutes
- **fujitascale**: F5
- **highest winds**: >
Float glass

**Float glass** is a sheet of glass made by melting glass and spreading it on molten metal that has a low melting point, such as tin, or lead. In this way, we get a very flat and evenly thick surface. Making float glass like that, is also known as the **Pilkington process.** It was given this name, because the glass-making company Pilkington was the first to use this way of making glass in the 1950s, at their factory in St Helens, Merseyside, England.

Modern windows are usually made from float glass. Some types of glass used for screens are also made in the same way as float glass.

## Other websites

- Float Glass Manufacture Process from the Glass Association of North America
United Football League (2024)

The **United Football League** is an American Football league that was founded (created) in 2023 from the merger of the 2020 XFL and 2022 USFL. The first season was played in 2024.

## Teams

Four teams came from the XFL and three came from the USFL, while each league's Houston, Texas-based team was merged with its counterpart to create one. The XFL's Roughnecks take the Gamblers' place in the USFL while keeping the Roughnecks brand and Gamblers' player rights and coaching staff.
|Team|Location|Stadium|Capacity|First season|Head coach|||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|**Birmingham Stallions**|style="text-align:center;"|Birmingham, Alabama|style="text-align:center;"|Protective Stadium|style="text-align:center;"|47,100|style="text-align:center;"|2022|style="text-align:center;"|Skip Holtz|
|style="text-align:center;"|**Houston Roughnecks**|style="text-align:center;"|Houston, Texas|colspan=2 style="text-align:center;"|TBA|style="text-align:center;"|2022|style="text-align:center;"|Curtis Johnson|||
|style="text-align:center;"|**Memphis Showboats**|style="text-align:center;"|Memphis, Tennessee|style="text-align:center;"|Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium|style="text-align:center;"|58,325|style="text-align:center;"|2023|style="text-align:center;"|John DeFilippo|
|style="text-align:center;"|**Michigan Panthers**|style="text-align:center;"|Detroit, Michigan|style="text-align:center;"|Ford Field|style="text-align:center;"|65,000|style="text-align:center;"|2022|style="text-align:center;"|Mike Nolan|
|style="text-align:center;"|**Arlington Renegades**|style="text-align:center;"|Arlington, Texas|style="text-align:center;"|Choctaw Stadium|style="text-align:center;"|25,000|style="text-align:center;"|2020|style="text-align:center;"|Bob Stoops|
|style="text-align:center;"|**DC Defenders**|style="text-align:center;"|Washington, D.C.|style="text-align:center;"|Audi Field|style="text-align:center;"|20,000|style="text-align:center;"|2020|style="text-align:center;"|Reggie Barlow|
|style="text-align:center;"|**San Antonio Brahmas**|style="text-align:center;"|San Antonio, Texas|style="text-align:center;"|Alamodome|style="text-align:center;"|64,000|style="text-align:center;"|2023|style="text-align:center;"|Wade Phillips|
|style="text-align:center;"|**St. Louis Battlehawks**|style="text-align:center;"|St. Louis, Missouri|style="text-align:center;"|The Dome at America's Center|style="text-align:center;"|67,277|style="text-align:center;"|2020|style="text-align:center;"|Anthony Becht|

## Infobox (sports league)

- **title**: United Football League
- **logo**: File:United Football League 2024 logo black.png
- **pixels**: 200px
- **current season**: 2024 UFL season
- **sport**: American football
- **founded**: December 31, 2023
- **inaugural**: 2024
- **teams**: 8
- **country**: United States
- **ceo**: National Spring Football League Enterprises Co, LLC
You're All I Need to Get By

"**You're All I Need to Get By**" is a 1968 song by Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell from their album _You're All I Need_. It went to number 7 in the United States, number 19 in the United Kingdom and number 17 in Canada. It was covered by Johnny Mathis featuring Denice Williams in 1978 for their album _That's What Friends Are For_ and went to number 47 in the United States, number 45 in the United Kingdom and number 52 in Canada. It was also covered by Aretha Franklin in 1971 and Tony Orlando & Dawn in 1975.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: You're All I Need to Get By
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell
- **album**: You're All I Need
- **b-side**: Two Can Have a Party
- **released**: July 9, 1968
- **recorded**: March 1968, Hitsville USA, Detroit, Michigan
- **genre**: Soul music, Soul
- **length**: 2:48
- **label**: Motown, Tamla
<small>T 54169</small>
- **writer**: Nickolas Ashford
Valerie Simpson
- **producer**: Harvey Fuqua
Johnny Bristol
- **prev title**: Ain't Nothing Like the Real Thing
- **prev year**: 1968
- **next title**: Keep On Lovin' Me Honey
- **next year**: 1968
Arlington Stadium

**Arlington Stadium** (known as **Turnpike Stadium** from 1965-1971) was a stadium in Arlington, Texas. From 1972 until 1993, it was a baseball park that was home to the Major League Baseball team called the Texas Rangers. The ballpark was the first home of the Rangers after moving from Washington, D.C. It closed in 1993 after the Rangers moved across the street to Globe Life Park. Arlington Stadium was demolished the same year and is now an empty field.
TikTok Billboard Top 50

The **TikTok _Billboard_ Top 50** is a chart published by _Billboard magazine every week._ It ranks the most popular songs on the social media platform TikTok in the United States based on video views and user engagement.

## Number Ones

|width="1"||scope="col"|Issue date|Song|Artist(s)||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|1||||||
|"SkeeYee"|Sexyy Red||||||
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|2||||||
|rowspan=2|"Wassup Gwayy"|rowspan=2|FamousSally & YB||||
|bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|3||||||
|"Sky"|Playboi Carti||||||
|rowspan=3 bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|4||||||
|rowspan=3|"My Love Mine All Mine"|rowspan=3|Mitski||||
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|5||||||
|rowspan=2|"Mr. Take Ya Bitch"|rowspan=2|Lil Mabu & chriseanrock||||
|rowspan="3" bgcolor="#EDEAE0" align="center"|re||||||
|rowspan="3"|"My Love Mine All Mine"|rowspan="3"|Mitski||||
|bgcolor=#EDEAE0 align="center"|re||||||
|"Sky"|Playboi Carti||||||
|bgcolor="#EDEAE0" align="center"|6||||||
|"Surround Sound"|JID & 21 Savage & Baby Tate||||||

## Other websites

- Current chart
Geraldine Viswanathan

**Geraldine Viswanathan** (born 20 June 1995) is an Australian actress.
All Faiths Chapel

**All Faiths Chapel**, previously known as **Chapel for the Children**, is a house of worship available to anyone who practices any faith. All Faiths Chapel is also a historical landmark.

It is inside the Austin State Supported Living Center (AusSSLC), an assisted living facility for people with developmental or intellectual disabilities, in Austin, Texas.  AusSSLC was known at the time of the chapel's construction as the Austin State School.

As of May 9, 2022, it is on the National Register of Historic Places for its importance in architectural, disability, and social history.

## History

The chapel was built to honor a request by Reverend Luther Holloway, who was Austin State School’s chaplain, for a dedicated space for worship.

Organizations such as the Protestant Austin Council of Church Women, the Austin Jewish Community Council, and the Catholic Ladies of Charity, organized a fundraising campaign for the construction of the chapel across the state. More funding came from soldiers who were stationed in Germany. The funds raised eventually totaled over $100,000.

Construction by architect David Calvert Graeber finished around 1961, and Chapel for the Children was dedicated on January 21, 1962.

From 1961 to 1972, Chapel for the Children served as a chapel for students of all faiths who lived in the AusSSLC. It is now an area for spiritual and religious services for residents, family members, employees, and the public.

After David Graeber’s death in 2010, the chapel hosted his memorial service. Family members asked for, in place of flowers, donations to be made in Graeber's name to the maintenance fund for the chapel.

## Structure and design

All Faiths Chapel consists of 3 distinct sections: the main chapel, a meditation garden, and a chaplaincy office.

- Main Chapel

The main chapel consists of a 52-foot tall A-frame with a ceiling lighted by the sky.

Both gable ends feature the stained glass design "Miracle in the Sky" by artist Blossom Burns.

The interior design includes copper light fixtures made by hand and door handles that depict simple abstract style flying birds. The Texas Historical Commission states that these birds "reflect the importance of music and graphic arts in teaching religious concepts to persons with physical and cognitive impairments."

- Meditation Garden

To the north of the main chapel is a fully landscaped exterior courtyard called the _Meditation Garden_. There are sidewalks that lead both back to the chapel and to the chaplaincy office.

The primary entrance to the garden has the verse Isaiah 56:7 from the Bible written on it: "MINE HOUSE SHALL BE CALLED AN _[sic_] HOUSE OF PRAYER FOR ALL PEOPLE".

In the northwest corner, there is a tall mature oak tree. In the southeast corner is a large limestone statue, titled _Lazarus,_ which was donated by David Graeber’s son Larry Graeber in 2015. _Lazarus_ is of a man reclining and looking upwards towards the west.

- Chaplaincy Office

There is a chaplaincy office attached, with five office rooms and one restroom. The office rooms include a sacrament room, office space, a meeting room, and a communal room with a small attached kitchen.
Heartbreak Hotel

**"Heartbreak Hotel"** is a song by Elvis Presley. It was released on January 27, 1956 and topped the single charts in the United States and made number 2 in the United Kingdom. In 1995 was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and was covered by numerous artists including Willie Nelson featuring Leon Russell in 1979 and Billy Joel in 1992.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Heartbreak Hotel
- **caption**: A-side label of US single
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Elvis Presley
- **b-side**: I Was the One
- **recorded**: January 10, 1956
- **studio**: RCA Studio B, RCA Victor, Nashville, Tennessee, Nashville
- **genre**: *Blues
*rock and roll
*rockabilly
- **label**: RCA Victor
- **writer**: *Mae Boren Axton
*Tommy Durden
*Elvis Presley
- **producer**: * Stephen H. Sholes
- **prev title**: Baby Let's Play House
- **prev year**: 1955
- **next title**: I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- **next year**: 1956
GM Quader

**GM Quader** (Ghulam Muhammad Quader; Bengali: গোলাম মোহাম্মদ কাদের; birth: February 24, 1948) is a Bangladeshi politician and the current chairperson of Jatiya Party. He represents Lalmonirhat-3 in Jatiya Sangsad and held ministerial positions in Commerce, Civil Aviation, and Tourism from 2009 to 2014.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: GM Quader
- **native name**: জি এম কাদের
- **native name lang**: bn
- **image**: GM Quader 2023.png
- **caption**: Quader in 2023
- **office**: Member of Parliament
- **parliament**: Bangladesh
- **term start**: 07 January 2019
- **predecessor**: Abu Saleh Mohammad Sayeed
- **constituency**: Lalmonirhat-3
- **term start1**: 06 January 2009
- **term end1**: 09 January 2014
- **predecessor1**: Asadul Habib Dulu
- **successor1**: Abu Saleh Mohammad Sayeed
- **constituency1**: Lalmonirhat-3
- **term start2**: 23 June 1996
- **term end2**: 15 July 2001
- **predecessor2**: Md. Riaz Uddin Ahmed
- **successor2**: Asadul Habib Dulu
- **constituency2**: Lalmonirhat-3
- **office3**: Member of Parliament
- **term start3**: 1 October 2001
- **term end3**: October 2006
- **predecessor3**: Hussain Muhammad Ershad
- **successor3**: Hussain Muhammad Ershad
- **constituency3**: Rangpur-3
- **office4**: Jatiya Party (Ershad), Chairman of Jatiya Party
- **term start4**: 14 July 2019
- **leader4**: Rowshan Ershad
- **predecessor4**: Hussain Muhammad Ershad
- **office5**: Ministry of Commerce (Bangladesh), Minister of Commerce
- **term start5**: 6 December 2011
- **term end5**: 5 January 2014
- **primeminister5**: Sheikh Hasina
- **predecessor5**: Faruk Khan
- **successor5**: Tofail Ahmed (politician), Tofail Ahmed
- **office6**: Ministry of Civil Aviation and Tourism (Bangladesh), Minister of Civil Aviation and Tourism
- **term start6**: 6 January 2009
- **term end6**: 5 December 2011
- **primeminister6**: Sheikh Hasina
- **predecessor6**: Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir
- **successor6**: Faruk Khan
- **party**: Jatiya Party (Ershad), Jatiya Party (Quader)
- **birth name**: Ghulam Muhammed Quader
- **alma mater**: Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
- **nationality**: Bangladeshi
- **spouse**: Sharifa Quader
Burgundians

The **Burgundians** (; ; ; ) was a tribe or group of tribes of East Germanic or Vandal. They settled in the region which is now Poland during the time of the Roman Empire.
Ivan Martynushkin

**Ivan Stepanovich Martynushkin** (; born 18 January 1924) is a Russian World War II veteran. He is the last surviving liberator of the Auschwitz concentration camp, after the death of David Dushman in 2021. Martynushkin was born in Ryazan Governorate, then-Soviet Union.
John Curtis

**John Ream Curtis** (born May 10, 1960) is an American politician who is the junior United States Senator from Utah since 2025. He was the U.S. representative for Utah's 3rd congressional district from 2017 to 2025. Curtis, a Republican, was mayor of Provo, Utah, from 2010 to 2017.

Curtis ran for the United States Senate in the 2024 Senate election to replace retiring Senator Mitt Romney. He won the November 2024 general election in a landslide victory.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: John Curtis
- **image**: Senator John Curtis Official Portrait.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Utah
- **alongside**: Mike Lee
- **term start**: January 3, 2025
- **predecessor**: Mitt Romney
- **state1**: Utah
- **term start1**: November 13, 2017
- **term end1**: January 3, 2025
- **predecessor1**: Jason Chaffetz
- **successor1**: Mike Kennedy (politician), Mike Kennedy
- **office2**: 44th Mayor of Provo, Utah, Provo
- **term start2**: January 5, 2010
- **term end2**: November 13, 2017
- **predecessor2**: Lewis Billings
- **successor2**: Michelle Kaufusi
- **birth name**: John Ream Curtis
- **birth place**: Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican (before 2000, 2006–present)
- **otherparty**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic (2000–2006)
- **children**: 6
- **education**: Brigham Young University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Lili Zografou

**Lili Zografou** (/zɒˈɣrɑːfʊ/; Greek: Λιλή Ζωγράφου; June 17, 1922 – October 2, 1998) was a Greek journalist, novelist, dramatist, essayist, and political activist. She is known for her book _Nikos Kazantzakis: enas traghikos_ in which she examined the work of Greek writer Nikos Kazantzakis. This book of hers was published in 1959, three years after Kazantzakis' death.

Zografou supported women's rights. In her books, she wrote about how women lived in the late 20th century Greek society. Her work's main themes are civil liberties, freedom of speech, sexual violence and sexual revolution.

When Greece lost to the Axis, Zografou joined the Greek Resistance against the Nazis. She was put to prison while pregnant and gave birth inside the jail. Zografou criticised the Greek military junta of 1967-1973. With her book _Epangelma: Porni_ (_Occupation: Whore_), she described the dictatorship in her country, in order to show its cruelty.

A Greek writer and critic of literature, Demosthenis Kourtovik, called Zografou "the dark Goddess Hecate of Greek literature".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lili Zografou
- **image**: Lili Zografou in her youth2.jpg
- **caption**: Lili Zografou
- **native name**: Λιλή Ζωγράφου
- **birth name**: Eleni Zografou
- **birth place**: Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- **death place**: Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- **occupation**: Journalist, novelist, dramatist, essayist and political activist
- **children**: 1
Nikos Kazantzakis

|colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"|<div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Nikos Kazantzakis</div>|
| --- | --- |
|colspan="2" class="infobox-image"|<div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Kazantzakis in 1904</div>|
|class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"|<span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1883-03-02</span>)</span>2 March 1883 Kandiye, Crete, Ottoman Empire (now Heraklion, Greece)|
|class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"|26 October 1957<span style="display:none">(1957-10-26)</span> (aged 74) Freiburg im Breisgau, West Germany (now Germany)|
|class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"|Martinengo, Venetian Walls of Heraklion|
|class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"|Poet, novelist, essayist, travel writer, philosopher, playwright, journalist, translator|
|class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;"|Greek|
|class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"|University of Athens (1902–1906; J.D., 1906) University of Paris (1907–1909; DrE, 1909)|
|colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"||
**Nikos Kazantzakis** ( ; 2 March (OS 18 February) 188326 October 1957) was a Greek writer, journalist, politician, poet and philosopher. He is considered by many people to be one of the greatest writers of modern Greek literature. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in nine different years. He remains the Greek author whose work has been translated in most languages worldwide.

Kazantzakis' works include _Zorba the Greek_ (published in 1946 as _Life and Times of Alexis Zorbas_), _Christ Recrucified_ (1948) and _The Last Temptation of Christ_ (1955). He also wrote theatrical plays, travel books, memoirs, and essays about philosophy. He became famous in the English-speaking world thanks to the movies _Zorba the Greek_ (1964) and _The Last Temptation of Christ_ (1988), that were based on his books of the same titles.

He also translated a number of famous works into Modern Greek, such as the _Divine Comedy_, Thus Spoke Zarathustra and _On the Origin of Species._ He wrote Modern Greek editions of Homer's _Iliad_ and _Odyssey_.

## Other websites

- The Nikos Kazantzakis Museum, Crete
- The Nikos Kazantzakis Pages at the Historical Museum of Crete
- Iran to pay homage to Greek author Kazantzakis – _Tehran Times_, 10 April 2008
- Society of Nikos Kazantzakis friends
- Kazantzakis museum
- Nikos Kazantzakis Quotes
Greek junta

The **Greek junta** or **Regime of the Colonels** was a right-wing military dictatorship that controlled Greece from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels removed the caretaker government a month before elections that Georgios Papandreou and his political party, Centre Union, would probably win.

The dictatorship was anti-communist and it restricted civil liberties. It put many people to jail and tortured them. Many of the dictators' political enemies were sent into exile.

From 1967 to 1973, the junta's leader was Georgios Papadopoulos. From 1973 to 24 July 1974, Dimitrios Ioannidis was its leader. He lost control of the Greek state after the Turkish invasion of Cyprus.

When the junta lost, the Metapolitefsi (, meaning "regime change") started. Greece's political system changed to democracy and the Third Hellenic Republic began. It has been said that the junta was very much influenced by the CIA.

## Other websites

- Barrett, Matt. "The Rise of the Junta in Greece".
- Barrett, Matt. "November 17, Cyprus and the Fall of the Junta".
Greek resistance

The **Greek resistance** (, meaning "National Resistance"), was the fight of armed and unarmed groups of many political views, against the Axis powers that had captured Greece in 1941 and their puppet state, the Hellenic State. It went from 1941 to 1944, during World War II. The largest group was the communist-influenced EAM-ELAS. The second-largest was the National Republican Greek League.

The Greek Resistance is considered to have been one of the strongest resistance movements in Nazi-occupied Europe. Its partisans, were men and women known as **andartes** and **andartisses** (, meaning "male rebels and female rebels"). They controlled much of the countryside before the Germans left Greece in the end of 1944.

## Sources

- R. Capell, _Simiomata: A Greek Note Book 1944–45_, London 1946
- N.G.L. Hammond, _Venture into Greece: With the Guerillas, 1943–44_, London, 1983. (Like Woodhouse, he was a member of the British Military Mission)
- Reginald Leeper, _When Greek Meets Greek: On the War in Greece, 1943–1945_
- United States Army Center of Military History, _German Antiguerrilla Operations in The Balkans (1941–1944)_ Washington, D.C.: United States Army.
- Hondros, John L. (1983), _Occupation and Resistance: The Greek Agony_, New York: Pella Publishing

## Other websites

- Martyr Cities & Villages of Greece Network 1940–1945 (in Greek)
- Official site of the documentary film _The 11th Day_ which contains an extensive interview with Sir Patrick Leigh Fermor, and documents the Battle of Trahili, filmed in 2003.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Greek resistance
- **place**: Axis powers, Axis occupied Kingdom of Greece, Greece
- **partof**: World War II in the Balkans
- **image**: Triple Occupation of Greece.png
- **caption**: The areas of Greece captured by the Axis powers.
- **date**: April 1941 - October 1944
- **result**: Resistance and Allies of World War II, Allied victory
- **combatant2**: Resistance Groups
* EAM/ELAS
* EDES
* Panhellenic Liberation Organization, PAO
* National Organization of Crete, EOK
<hr> **Support:**

* Special Operations Executive, SOE
 Greek government-in-exile
Atmospheric window

An **atmospheric window** is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can pass through the atmosphere of Earth. The optical, infrared and radio windows are the three basic atmospheric windows. The Sun's electromagnetic energy reaches the Earth through the atmospheric windows. The Earth's thermal radiation leaves its atmosphere through the windows. Atmospheric windows are useful for astronomy, remote sensing, telecommunications and other science and technology applications.

In the study of the greenhouse effect, _atmospheric window_ often means the _infrared window_, because the infrared window is the main exit for the thermal radiation emitted near the surface of the Earth. In other fields of science and technology, such as radio astronomy and remote sensing, "atmospheric window" is used to describe windows of the whole electromagnetic spectrum.
Okapi Wildlife Reserve

The **Okapi Wildlife Reserve** () is a wildlife reserve in the Ituri Forest in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is near the country's borders with South Sudan and Uganda. It covers roughly one-fifth of the area of the forest. In 1996, the Okapi Wildlife Reserve was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was listed because of its big population of endangered okapis and its high biodiversity.

## Infobox (unesco world heritage site)

- **child**: yes
- **criteria**: Natural: x
- **id**: 718
- **year**: 1996
- **danger**: 1997 -


## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Okapi Wildlife Reserve
- **iucn category**: II
- **photo**: Epulu Okapi Reserve.jpg
- **photo caption**: Epulu River in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
- **location**: Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **nearest city**: Isiro
- **map**: Democratic Republic of the Congo
- **relief**: 1
- **area km2**: 13726.25
- **established**: 1992
- **governing body**: [https://web.archive.org/web/20060504212701/http://www.iccnrdc.cd/index.htm l'Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN)]
Lee Cockburn

**Lee Cockburn** (born 17 May 1968) is a Scottish rugby player, police officer, and writer. She has  77 caps.

She studied at Royal High School**.** From 2000 to 2024, she served with Police Scotland

From  1993 to 2006, she played for the Scottish women's national rugby team. She competed at the 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup, and won the 2001 FIRA European Championship.
Ana Paula Lobato

**Ana Paula Dias Lobato Nova Alves** (born on May 11, 1984) is a Brazilian nurse and politician who has been serving as a senator for the state of Maranhão since 2023.
She had previously been the vice-mayor for the city of Pinheiro. She's currently affiliated to the Democratic Labour Party (PDT).

Her appointment occurred as a result of Flávio Dino, the elected senator, assuming the position of Minister of Justice and Public Security during Lula's second presidency. Ana Paula became a full senator after being nominated to the Supreme Federal Court.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ana Paula Lobato
- **image**: Ana Paula Lobato.jpg
- **office**: Senator for Maranhão
- **term start**: 2 February 2023
- **predecessor**: Flávio Dino
- **office2**: Deputy Mayor of Pinheiro, Maranhão, Pinheiro
- **term start2**: 1 January 2021
- **term end2**: 1 February 2023
- **1blankname2**: Mayor
- **1namedata2**: Luciano Genésio
- **predecessor2**: Prof. Stelio
- **successor2**: _Office vacant_
- **birth name**: Ana Paula Dias Lobato
- **birth place**: Pinheiro, Maranhão, Pinheiro, Maranhão, Brazil
- **party**: Cidadania (2011–2016)
 Democratic Labour Party (Brazil), PDT (2016–2022)
 Brazilian Socialist Party, PSB (2022–2024)
 Democratic Labour Party (Brazil), PDT (2024–present)
- **spouse**: Othelino Neto
Mario Boljat

**Mario Boljat** (31 August 1951 – 1 January 2024) was a Croatian and Yugoslav professional footballer. He played as a defender or midfielder. He made five appearances for the Yugoslavia national football team between 1977 and 1978.

Boljat died on 1 January 2024, at the age of 72.

## Honours

**Hajduk Split**
- Yugoslav First League: 1970–71, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1978–79
- Yugoslav Cup: 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1975–76, 1976–77

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Mario Boljat
- **birth place**: Split, Croatia, Split, Socialist Republic of Croatia, PR Croatia, FPR Yugoslavia
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender, midfielder
- **years1**: 1969–1979
- **clubs1**: HNK Hajduk Split, Hajduk Split
- **caps1**: 207
- **goals1**: 6
- **years2**: 1979–1980
- **clubs2**: FC Schalke 04, Schalke 04
- **caps2**: 9
- **goals2**: 2
- **totalcaps**: 216
- **totalgoals**: 8
- **nationalyears1**: 1977–1978
- **nationalteam1**: Yugoslavia national football team, Yugoslavia
- **nationalcaps1**: 5
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Peter Magubane

**Peter Sexford Magubane** OMSS (18 January 1932 – 1 January 2024) was a South African photographer. He was also an anti-apartheid activist. He was also the personal photographer of President Nelson Mandela.

In 1985, Magubane spent time in hospital recovering from buckshot wounds received when he was caught in police crossfire at a funeral near Johannesburg.

Magubane died on 1 January 2024, 17 days before his 92nd birthday.

## Infobox (person)

- **birth name**: Peter Sexford Magubane
- **birth place**: Vrededorp, Gauteng, Vrededorp, Union of South Africa, South Africa
- **death place**: South Africa
- **nationality**: South Africa, South African
- **occupation**: Photographer, Anti-apartheid activist