Haridra Nadhi

**Haridra Nadhi**, located in **Mannargudi** of **Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu**, is one of the **largest temple tanks in India**, and possibly in the world. Spanning an extensive **23 acres (93,000 m²)**, this sacred tank is revered as the **"Sister of the River Kaveri"** and holds immense religious significance among Vaishnavites. The tank belongs to the Sethupathi Swamigal Mutt and features the Sri Venugopalaswamy Temple at its center, situated on a mandapam amidst the waters. Closely associated with the historic **Sri Rajagopalaswamy Temple**, a prominent Vaishnavite shrine dedicated to Lord Krishna****, Haridra Nadhi is not only an architectural marvel but also a spiritual epicenter where grand festivals such as the Aani **Theppotsavam** are celebrated with great devotion and scale.

## Tank Structure and Surrounding Temples

Haridra Nadhi spans 23 acres (93,000 m²) and is revered as the Daughter of the Kaveri River, signifying its sacred and spiritual connection to the divine river. This vast temple tank belongs to the Sethupathi Swamigal Mutt, with the Sri Venugopalaswamy Temple situated at its center on the Maiya Mandapam. Several shrines and mandapams are situated along its banks, and a number of sacred steps (Padithurais) provide ritual access to the waters.

- **East** – The **Ksheerapti (Parkadal) Padithurai** is associated with ritual bathing during the Tamil months of Avani, Chithirai and Vaikasi. The Mangamma Padithurai nearby is linked to Queen Mangamma, who is believed to have been cured of illness after worship at the temple and traditionally, these steps were used by queens and princesses for bathing.
- **South** – The **Brahmotsavam Padithurai** is the longest flight of steps, used for Theerthavari during the Brahmotsavam and for the float festival (Theppotsavam). The Theerthavari Mandapam, Sri Prasanavenkatesh Swamy Temple and Aani Theppa Utsavam Mandapam are located on this side.
- **West** – The **Ekadasi Padithurai** is considered as sacred as the Mahamaham steps at Kumbakonam. The Sri Hanuman Swamy Temple stands at the midpoint, and the Sanyasi Padithurai nearby was traditionally used by ascetics. Towards the northwest lies the Harishchandra Ghat Padithurai, revered as equivalent to the ghats of Kashi and associated with liberation (moksha).
- **North** – The **Shivaratri (Ramar) Padithurai** is connected with the Panguni Brahmotsavam. The Sri Rama Temple occupies the northern bank, while the Sri Vinayagar Temple and Japamandapam Padithurai are at the northeastern corner.

These Padithurais, along with the associated shrines, reflect the ritual and cultural importance of the tank in the traditions of the Rajagopalaswamy Temple  and add to the sanctity and significance of Haridra Nadhi.

## Aani Theppotsavam – Festival Days and Highlights

The Aani Theppotsavam is a grand ten-day float festival celebrated annually at the Aani Theppa Utsavam Mandapam of Haridra Nadhi. The celebrations commence with Mritsangrahanam, a sacred earth-collecting ritual performed on the day prior to the festival. On the first day, **Dwajarohanam** (flag hoisting) is held at the Rajagopalaswamy Temple, and in the evening, the Golden Thiruchivigai is taken in a ceremonial procession. On the second night, the **Golden Surya Prabhai** graces the festival procession. The following evening features **Andal Sevai**, and later at night, the **Silver Sesha Vahanam** is paraded in grandeur. The next night is marked by the divine **Golden Garuda Sevai**, a deeply revered event in Vaishnavite tradition. Continuing the festivities, the **Hanumantha Vahanam** procession is held the following night, drawing devotees in large numbers. Subsequently, the **Yanai Vahanam** (Elephant Mount) is carried in procession with great majesty. On the night that follows, the **Soornabhishekam** ritual is performed, followed by the traditional offering of paddy measures and another grand **Golden Thiruchivigai** procession. The next morning features the playful and devotional **Vennai Thazhi Utsavam**, and that night, the radiant **Golden Kuthirai Vahanam** is taken in procession.

The highlight of the entire festival occurs on the sacred night of Aani Pournami, when the grand **Theppotsavam** (Float Festival) is held on the waters of Haridra Nadhi, with the deity taken around the tank in a beautifully lit float amidst Vedic chanting and musical celebrations. The festival concludes on the tenth evening with the **Sapthavarnam** procession, a colorful celebration marking the divine conclusion of this spiritually vibrant event.

## Grand Theppam – Float Design and Features

The highlight of the Aani Theppotsavam  is the majestic **Theppotsavam** (Float Festival) that graces the sacred waters of Haridra Nadhi on the night of Aani Pournami. Measuring an impressive 50 by 50 feet with a surface area of **2,500 square feet** and rising to a height of over 50 feet, this massive structure is considered one of the **largest temple floats in Asia**. The theppam is lavishly decorated with intricate artwork, vibrant lighting, and floral arrangements. The materials and decorations are transported in seven container lorries, showcasing the scale and grandeur of this divine float.

The celebration continues throughout the night, as thousands of devotees gather around Haridra Nadhi to witness the sacred procession. During the theppam utsavam, Sri Rajagopalaswamy graces the float in Krishna Thirukolam, accompanied by His consorts, Rukmini and Satyabhama, all adorned with resplendent divine ornaments. The illuminated float, combined with Vedic chants and musical performances, transforms the night into a spiritually uplifting spectacle and stands as a testament to the temple’s rich cultural and religious heritage.