Seti I

Menmaatre **Seti I** (or **Sethos I** as in Greek) was a pharaoh of the New Kingdom 19th Dynasty. He was the son of Queen Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II.

As with all dates in Ancient Egypt, the actual dates of his reign are unclear. Various historians claim different dates, with 1294 BC to 1279 BC  and 1290 BC to 1279 BC  being the most commonly used by scholars today.

The name 'Seti' means "of Set", which indicates that he was consecrated to the god Set (or "Seth"). As with most pharaohs, Seti had several names. Upon his ascension, he took the _prenomen_ "mn-m3‘t-r‘ ", usually vocalized as _Menmaatre_, in Egyptian, which means "Eternal is the Justice of Re." His better known nomen, or birth name, is transliterated as "_sty mry-n-ptḥ"_ or _Sety Merenptah_, meaning "Man of Set, beloved of Ptah".

The greatest achievement of Seti I's foreign policy was the capture of the Syrian town of Kadesh and neighboring territory of Amurru from the Hittite Empire.  Egypt had not held Kadesh since the time of Akhenaten.

Seti I was successful in defeating a Hittite army that tried to defend the town. He entered the city in triumph together with his son Ramesses II and erected a victory stela at the site. Kadesh, however, soon reverted to Hittite control because the Egyptians did not or could not maintain a permanent military occupation of Kadesh and Amurru which were close to the Hittite homelands.

The traditional view of Seti I's wars was that he restored the Egyptian empire after it had been lost in the time of Akhenaten. Recent scholarship, however, indicates that the empire was not lost at this time, except for its northern border provinces of Kadesh and Amurru in Syria and Lebanon.

Seti I has left us an impressive war monument that glorifies his achievement, along with a number of texts, all of which tend to magnify his personal achievements on the battlefield.

## Infobox (pharaoh)

- **name**: Seti I
- **image**: Abydos sethi.jpg
- **caption**: Image of Seti I from his temple in Abydos, Egypt, Abydos
- **prenomenhiero**: <hiero>ra-mAat-mn</hiero>
- **prenomen**: _Menmaatre_
 _Eternal is the Strength of Ra, Re_
- **nomenhiero**: <hiero>p:t-H-C7-i-i-mr-i*i:n</hiero>
- **nomen**: _Seti Merenptah_
 _He of the god Set (mythology), Seth, beloved of Ptah_
- **goldenhiero**: <hiero>F25-N28:Z2-wsr-s-r:D44-T10:T10:T10-m-N17:N17:N17-V30:Z2</hiero>
- **golden**: _Wehemkhau Weserpedjutemtawnebu_
 _He who renews the crowns, he who subjugates the nine bows in all lands_
- **nebtyhiero**: <hiero>F25-F31-s-G43-t:Z2-S42-Aa1*p:O39-F23:D46-r:D44-T10:t-Z2:Z2:Z2</hiero>
- **nebty**: _Wehemmesut Sekhemkhepesh Derpedjetpesdjet_
 _He who renews the births, strong with a sword who subjugates the nine bows_
- **horushiero**: <hiero>-E2:D40-N28-G17-R19-S29-S34-N17:N17-</hiero>
- **horus**: _Kanakht Khaemwaset-Seankhtawy_
 _The strong bull, rising in Thebes, Egypt, Waset, he who makes life in the two lands_
- **reign**: 1290–1279 BC
- **predecessor**: Ramses I
- **successor**: Ramesses II
- **spouse**: Tuya (queen), Tuya
- **children**: Tia (princess), Tia, Ramesses II, Nebchasetnebet, Henutmire (?)
- **dynasty**: Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, 19th Dynasty
- **father**: Ramesses I
- **mother**: Sitre
- **died**: 1279 BC
- **burial**: KV17
- **alt**: Sethi I
- **monuments**: Mortuary Temple of Seti I, Abydos, Egypt, Temple at Abydos, Great Hypostyle Hall, Karnak, Great Hypostyle Hall