Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur

**Babur **, full name **Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur** (14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was the eldest son of Umar Sheikh Mirza, governor of Farghana.He fought and won in the first battle of Panipat.

## Plans of the establishment of Mughal empire

In 1525 Babur set out to attack India. He had only about twelve thousand men with him but he had been promised help by Daulat Khan Lodi, the governor of Punjab. They planned to march together against the ruling Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, who was the King of Delhi at that time. When Babur reached India, the government was afraid to help him, and eventually backed out, and so Babur started off to Delhi by himself with his small army of men.

Ibrahim Lodi was reported to have one hundred thousand men and one hundred elephants. But Babur had something which Ibrahim did not have – heavy guns and cannons, the first proper Turkic style artillery seen in medieval India. There were hardly any guns at that time in India and Babur had managed to get hold of some in Kabul. He had cannons and some firearms as well. He met Ibrahim Lodi and his army at Panipat in modern Haryana.

The two armies met at the famous First battle of Panipat, at a small village near Delhi. Both armies remained in position opposite each other for a week before the battle began. Babur was an excellent general and he planned the battle very carefully as conquering Delhi was indeed very important to him. After the battle about fifteen thousand men of the enemy were killed including their commander Ibrahim Lodi.

Before the enemy could recover from their defeat, Delhi was captured.

## Consolidating victory

Babur had to fight more major battles, the battles of Khanua and Gogra. In 1527 A.D. he had to face a fierce enemy of his at Khanua, the Rajput hero, Rana Sangram (or Sanga)of Mewar. A ferocious battle was fought between the two in the field of Khanua and Babur won the battle.

In 1529 A.D., Babur got into a battle with the Afghans. Babur won, but the Afghans were not totally weakened. They joined hands with Mahmud Lodi, the brother of Ibrahim Lodi, to fight Babur again. But Babur approached forward and was a successful winner of this Battle in Gogra.

## Related pages

- Mughal Empire

## Infobox (royalty)

- **image**: Babur Mirzo.jpg
- **name**: Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur

- **title**: Mirza
- **succession**: 1st Mughal Empire, Mughal emperor
- **reign**: 1494 - 1497,      1498 - 1500 (Uzbekistan, Ferghana)
1504 - 1526 (Kabul)
1497-1498, 1500 - 1501, 1511 - 1512 (Samarkand)
 1526 - 1530 (Delhi)
20 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
- **predecessor**: Ibrahim Lodi <small>(as Delhi Sultanate, Sultan of Delhi)</small>
- **successor**: Humayun
- **birth place**: Timurid Empire <small>(present-day Uzbekistan)</small>
- **death place**: Agra, Mughal Empire <small>(present-day India)</small>
- **burial place**: Kabul, Bagh-e Babur <small>(present-day Afghanistan)</small>
- **spouse**: Aisha Sultan Begum
Zainab Sultan Begum
Maham Begum
Masuma Sultan Begum
Bibi Mubarika
Gulrukh Begum
Dildar Begum
Gulnar Aghacha
Nazgul Aghacha
- **issue**: Humayun
Kamran Mirza
Askari Mirza
Hindal Mirza
Ahmad Mirza
Shahrukh Mirza
Barbul Mirza
Alwar Mirza
Faruq Mirza
Fakhr-un-Nissa, Fakhr-un-Nissa Begum
Ishan Daulat Begum
Meher Jahan Begum
Masuma Sultan Begum (daughter of Babur), Masuma Sultan Begum
Gulzar Begum
Gulrukh Begum
Gulrang Begum
Gulbadan Begum
Gulchehra Begum
Altun Bishik (alleged)
- **full name**: Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur
- **house**: Timurid dynasty
- **father**: Umar Sheikh Mirza, Emir, ʿAmīr of Uzbekistan, Fergana
- **mother**: Qutlugh Nigar Khanum
- **religion**: Islam