juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lars Klingbeil

**Lars Klingbeil** (; born 23 February 1978) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He has been the Vice-Chancellor and Minister of Finance since 2025. He is the SPD's Co-Leader since 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Lars Klingbeil
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of the German Bundestag, MdB
- **image**: File:2025-05-05 Unterzeichnung des Koalitionsvertrages der 21. Wahlperiode des Bundestages by Sandro Halank–049 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Klingbeil in 2025
- **office**: Vice Chancellor of Germany
- **chancellor**: Friedrich Merz
- **term start**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor**: Robert Habeck
- **office1**: Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany), Minister of Finance
- **chancellor1**: Friedrich Merz
- **term start1**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor1**: Jörg Kukies
- **office2**: Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Leader of the Social Democratic Party
- **term start2**: 11 December 2021
- **predecessor2**: Norbert Walter-Borjans
- **alongside2**: Saskia Esken
- **deputy2**: Klara Geywitz
Hubertus Heil
Thomas Kutschaty
Serpil Midyatli
Anke Rehlinger
- **1blankname2**: General Secretary
- **1namedata2**: Kevin Kühnert
Matthias Miersch
- **office3**: Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party in the Bundestag
- **term start3**: 26 February 2025
- **term end3**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor3**: Rolf Mützenich
- **successor3**: Matthias Miersch (designate)
- **office4**: General Secretary of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
- **term start4**: 8 December 2017
- **term end4**: 11 December 2021
- **leader4**: Martin Schulz
Andrea Nahles
Saskia Esken
Norbert Walter-Borjans
- **predecessor4**: Hubertus Heil
- **successor4**: Kevin Kühnert
- **office5**: Member of the German Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag
 for Rotenburg I – Heidekreis
- **term start5**: 24 October 2017
- **predecessor5**: Reinhard Grindel
- **term start6**: 27 October 2009
- **term end6**: 24 October 2017
- **predecessor6**: _Multi-member district_
- **successor6**: _Multi-member district_
- **constituency6**: _Electoral system of Germany, List_
- **term start7**: 24 January 2005
- **term end7**: 18 October 2005
- **predecessor7**: Jann-Peter Janssen
- **successor7**: _Multi-member district_
- **constituency7**: _Electoral system of Germany, List_
- **birth name**: Lars Klingbeil
- **birth place**: Soltau, Lower Saxony, West Germany
- **party**: Social Democratic Party of Germany
- **alma mater**: Leibniz University Hannover
Hans Eichel

**Hans Eichel** (born 24 December 1941) is a German politician of the SPD. He was known for founding the G20. He was Germany's Minister of Finance between 1999 and 2005. Before that, Eichel was the 6th Minister President of Hesse from 1991 to 1999 and as the 52nd President of the Bundesrat in 1998/99.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hans Eichel
- **image**: Hans Eichel (2018) (Portrait).jpg
- **office1**: Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany), Federal Minister of Finance
- **term start1**: 12 April 1999
- **term end1**: 22 November 2005
- **predecessor1**: Oskar Lafontaine
- **successor1**: Peer Steinbrück
- **office2**: List of Ministers-President of Hesse, Minister President of Hesse
- **deputy2**: Joschka Fischer
 Rupert von Plottnitz
- **term start2**: 1 April 1991
- **term end2**: 7 April 1999
- **predecessor2**: Walter Wallmann
- **successor2**: Roland Koch
- **office3**: President of the German Bundesrat, President of the Federal Council
- **chancellor3**: Gerhard Schröder
- **president3**: Roman Herzog
- **term start3**: 1 November 1998
- **term end3**: 23 April 1999
- **predecessor3**: Gerhard Schröder
- **successor3**: Roland Koch
- **birth place**: Kassel, Germany
- **signature**: Autogramm Hans Eichel.jpg
- **chancellor1**: Gerhard Schröder
- **caption**: Eichel in 2018
Loiyangalani

**Loiyangalani** is a small town located on the southeastern coast of Lake Turkana in Kenya.

## Description

The town has a population of 5,117. Loiyangalani means "a place of many trees" in the native Samburu language. It is home to the Rendille and Elmollo People but now has other Kenyan communities like the Turkana, Luo, Meru, and Somali. The town was founded near a freshwater spring in the 1960s where the Rendille and El Molo people lived. Its main industries include fishing and tourism. It is a popular tourist destination in Northern Kenya.

The town has an airstrip and lies near Mount Kulal (50 km), known for its forest and stones.
The town is sometimes spelled as _Loyangalani_.

## Events

In June 2008, the 1st Cultural Festival took place at Loiyangalani and united all the tribes of Lake Turkana in celebration for one weekend.

## In popular culture

- Loiyangalani was the setting for John le Carré's novel _The Constant Gardener_, and was also a location for the film of the same title.

- Part of the events in the novel _“Невозвращенец”_ (“The Non-Returnee”) by Andrei Gusev takes place in Loiyangalani. The novel describes several years of life in Kenya in the early 2020s of the Russian writer Andy and his wife Jennifer, who was born in Kenyan Kisumu.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Loiyangalani
- **image alt**: The area
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: (Loiyangalani)_Лойянгалани.jpg
- **pushpin map**: Kenya
- **pushpin label position**: above
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Kenya
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: County
- **subdivision name1**: Marsabit County
- **subdivision type2**: Division
- **subdivision name2**: Loiyangalani Division
- **population as of**: 2009
- **population total**: 5,117
- **timezone**: East Africa Time, EAT
- **utc offset**: +3
Anomaloglossus degranvillei

**Degranville's rocket frog**  (_Anomaloglossus degranvillei_) is a frog.  It lives in French Guiana.

## Home

These frogs live near rocky streams. Scientists saw the frog about 400 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog inside Parc Amazonien de Guyane.

## Young

The tadpoles grow into frogs while the male frog carries them on his back.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out. Human beings change the places where the frog lives to dig gold out of the ground. Climate change could also hurt this frog. Because it lives high in the hills, it cannot move somewhere colder if its home gets too hot. It would have to climb down to somewhere even hotter first.

Scientists think that the fungal disease chytridiomycosis could have killed many of these frogs. Scientists found the fungus _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_ on other frogs in French Guiana.
Alexander Dobrindt

** Alexander Dobrindt ** (born 7 June 1970) is a German politician of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). He is the chairman of the CSU Parliamentary Group in the German Bundestag since 2017. He has been the Minister of the Interior since 2025.

Between 2013 and 2017, he was the Federal Minister of Transport and Digital Infrastructure in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel. He was the secretary general of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria under the leadership of party chairman Horst Seehofer from 2009.

Dobrindt is seen as an important person in creating the coalition agreement between CDU, CSU and SPD after the 2025 federal election.

## Other websites

- Official Website of M.P. Alexander Dobrindt
- M.P.Alexander Dobrindt in the Official Website of the German Parliament
- Interview of M.P. Alexander Dobrindt in Abendblatt

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-suffix**: Member of the German Bundestag, MdB
- **name**: Alexander Dobrindt
- **image**: 2023-10-08 Wahlabend Bayern by Sandro Halank–022.jpg
- **caption**: Dobrindt in 2023
- **office**: Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Minister of the Interior
- **chancellor**: Friedrich Merz
- **term start**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor**: Nancy Faeser <small>(as Minister of Interior and Community)</small>
- **office1**: Chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, CSU Group in the Bundestag
- **term start1**: 24 October 2017
- **predecessor1**: Gerda Hasselfeldt
- **leader1**: Volker Kauder
Ralph Brinkhaus
Friedrich Merz
- **office2**: Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, Minister of Transport and Digital Infrastructure
- **chancellor2**: Angela Merkel
- **term start2**: 17 December 2013
- **term end2**: 24 October 2017
- **predecessor2**: Peter Ramsauer
- **successor2**: Christian Schmidt (politician), Christian Schmidt <small>(acting)</small>
- **office3**: General Secretary of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Christian Social Union
- **leader3**: Horst Seehofer
- **term start3**: 9 February 2009
- **term end3**: 15 December 2013
- **predecessor3**: Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg
- **successor3**: Andreas Scheuer
- **office4**: Member of the Bundestag for Weilheim (electoral district), Weilheim
- **term start4**: 17 October 2002
- **predecessor4**: Michaela Geiger
- **birth place**: Peißenberg, Bavaria, West Germany
- **alma mater**: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- **party**: Christian Social Union of Bavaria, CSU (since 1990)
- **website**: [http://www.alexander-dobrindt.de/ alexander-dobrindt.de]
Johann Wadephul

**Johann David Wadephul** (; born 10 February 1963) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been a member of the German Parliament since 2009. In 2025, he became the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Merz government.

## Other websites

- Website of Johann David Wadephul
- Johann David Wadephul at the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Johann Wadephul
- **image**: Wadephul, Johann-1249.jpg
- **caption**: Wadephul in 2014
- **office**: Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), Minister for Foreign Affairs
- **chancellor**: Friedrich Merz
- **term start**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor**: Annalena Baerbock
- **office1**: Member of the Bundestag for Rendsburg-Eckernförde (electoral district), Rendsburg-Eckernförde
- **term start1**: 27 September 2009
- **predecessor1**: Otto Bernhardt
- **office2**: Member of the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein
- **term start2**: 27 February 2000
- **term end2**: 27 September 2009
- **birth place**: Husum, West Germany
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (since 1982)
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: University of Kiel
- **education**: Meldorfer Gelehrtenschule
- **occupation**: Lawyer, Politician
- **branch**: Bundeswehr
- **serviceyears**: 1982–1986
- **rank**: Lieutenant colonel (reserves)
Gerhard Schröder (CDU)

**Gerhard Schröder** (11 September 1910 – 31 December 1989) was a West German politician and member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party. He was the Federal Minister of the Interior from 1953 to 1961. He was the Foreign Minister from 1961 to 1966. He was the Minister of Defence from 1966 until 1969.

In the 1969 election, he unsuccessfully ran for President of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany).

## Other websites

- Martin Menke: Review of Torsten Oppelland, _Gerhard Schroeder (1910-1989): Politik zwischen Staat, Partei und Konfession_, H-German, H-Net Reviews, March 2004.
- Photograph (Gerhard Schröder is the second person from the right).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gerhard Schröder
- **image**: Verteidigungsminister Dr. Gerhard Schröder (4909218775).jpg
- **caption**: Schröder in 1966
- **office1**: Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), Minister of Foreign Affairs
<small>(West Germany)</small>
- **chancellor1**: Konrad Adenauer
 Ludwig Erhard
- **term start1**: 14 November 1961
- **term end1**: 30 November 1966
- **predecessor1**: Heinrich von Brentano
- **successor1**: Willy Brandt
- **office**: Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany), Minister of Defence
<small>(West Germany)</small>
- **chancellor**: Kurt Georg Kiesinger
- **term start**: 1 December 1966
- **term end**: 21 October 1969
- **predecessor**: Kai-Uwe von Hassel
- **successor**: Helmut Schmidt
- **office2**: Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Minister of the Interior
<small>(West Germany)</small>
- **chancellor2**: Konrad Adenauer
- **term start2**: 20 October 1953
- **term end2**: 13 November 1961
- **predecessor2**: Robert Lehr
- **successor2**: Hermann Höcherl
- **office3**: Deputy Chair of the CDU/CSU in the German Bundestag
- **term start3**: 24 June 1952
- **term end3**: 20 October 1953
- **office4**: Member of the German Bundestag
- **term start4**: 7 September 1949
- **term end4**: 4 November 1980
- **birth place**: Saarbrücken, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire
- **death place**: Kampen (Sylt), West Germany
- **alma mater**: University of Bonn
University of Edinburgh
- **party**: Nazi Party (1933–1941)
Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (1945–1989)
Heinrich von Brentano

**Heinrich Joseph Maximilian Johann Maria von Brentano di Tremezzo** (20 June 1904 – 14 November 1964), known professionally as **Heinrich von Brentano**, was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was the Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1955 to 1961.

## Honors

- Grand Cross of the Order of Christ, Portugal (10 April 1958)

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Heinrich von Brentano
- **image**: Dr. Heinrich von Brentano.jpg
- **caption**: Brentano in 1960
- **chancellor**: Konrad Adenauer
- **office**: Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs
- **term start**: 6 June 1955
- **term end**: 30 October 1961
- **predecessor**: Konrad Adenauer
- **successor**: Gerhard Schröder (CDU), Gerhard Schröder
- **office1**: Leader of the CDU/CSU, CDU/CSU Group in the Bundestag
- **term start1**: 24 November 1961
- **term end1**: 14 November 1964
- **predecessor1**: Heinrich Krone
- **successor1**: Rainer Barzel
- **deputy1**: Werner Dollinger
Franz Josef Strauß
- **term start2**: 30 September 1949
- **term end2**: 15 June 1955
- **predecessor2**: Konrad Adenauer
- **successor2**: Heinrich Krone
- **deputy2**: Franz Josef Strauß
Richard Stücklen
- **office3**: Member of the Bundestag
 for Bergstraße (electoral district), Bergstraße
- **term start3**: 14 August 1949
- **term end3**: 14 November 1964
- **predecessor3**: Constituency established
- **successor3**: Carl Otto Lenz
- **birth place**: Offenbach am Main, Offenbach, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine, German Empire
- **death place**: Darmstadt, Hesse, West Germany
- **alma mater**: University of Giessen
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
- **honorific suffix**: Order of Christ (Portugal), GCC
Fabio Panetta

**Fabio Panetta** (born 1 August 1959) is an Italian economist who has been the Governor of the Bank of Italy since 2023. He was a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank from 2020 until 2023. He also was Senior Deputy Governor of the Bank of Italy and was President of the Institute for the Supervision of Insurance at the same time from May to December 2019.

In June 2023, the Italian Council of Ministers, on the proposal of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, appointed Panetta as new Governor of the Bank of Italy.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Fabio Panetta
- **image**: Fabio Panetta 2023 (cropped).jpg
- **office**: Governor of the Bank of Italy
- **term start**: 1 November 2023
- **predecessor**: Ignazio Visco
- **office2**: Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank
- **term start2**: 1 January 2020
- **term end2**: 31 October 2023
- **predecessor2**: Benoît Cœuré
- **successor2**: Piero Cipollone
- **office3**: Director General of the Bank of Italy
- **governor3**: Ignazio Visco
- **term start3**: 10 May 2019
- **term end3**: 31 December 2019
- **predecessor3**: Salvatore Rossi
- **successor3**: Daniele Franco
- **birth place**: Rome, Italy
- **education**: LUISS University (Laurea)
London School of Economics (Master of Science, MSc)
London Business School (Doctor of Philosophy, PhD)
Governor of the Bank of Italy

The **Governor of the Bank of Italy** is the most senior position in the Bank of Italy.

## List of Governors

|width=1%|N.|width=2%|Portrait|width=25%|Governor|width=26%|Took office|width=26%|Left office|widht=1%|Ref|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Bonaldo Stringher**|3 July 1928|24 December 1930|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Vincenzo Azzolini**|10 January 1931|4 June 1944|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Luigi Einaudi**|5 January 1945|11 May 1948|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Donato Menichella**|7 August 1948|17 August 1960|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Guido Carli**|18 August 1960|18 August 1975|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Paolo Baffi**|19 August 1975|7 October 1979|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Carlo Azeglio Ciampi**|8 October 1979|29 April 1993|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Antonio Fazio**|4 May 1993|19 December 2005|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Mario Draghi**|16 January 2006|31 October 2011|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Ignazio Visco**|1 November 2011|31 October 2023|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||
|rowspan=2||rowspan=2|**Fabio Panetta**|1 November 2023|Incumbent|rowspan=2||||||
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE||||||||||||

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Governor
- **body**: the Bank of Italy
- **native name**: <small>_Governatore della Banca d'Italia_</small>
- **insigniasize**: 200px
- **insigniacaption**: Logo of the Bank of Italy
- **image**: Fabio Panetta 2023 (cropped).jpg
- **imagesize**: 225px
- **incumbent**: Fabio Panetta
- **incumbentsince**: 1 November 2023
- **department**: Bank of Italy
- **seat**: Palazzo Koch, Rome
- **appointer**: President of Italy (since 1946)
- **appointer qualified**: with the approval of the Council of Ministers (Italy), Council of Ministers
- **termlength**: 6 years
- **formation**: 1928
- **first**: Bonaldo Stringher
- **deputy**: Director General of the Bank of Italy
Bank of Italy

The **Bank of Italy** (Italian: _Banca d'Italia_, , informally referred to as _Bankitalia_) is the Italian member of the Eurosystem and has been the monetary authority for Italy from 1893 to 1998. Since 2014, it has also been Italy's national authority within European Banking Supervision. It is located in Palazzo Koch, via Nazionale, Rome.

## Infobox (central bank)

- **bank name in local**: Banca d'Italia
- **logo**: Banca d'Italia logo.svg
- **image**: Banca d'Italia - panoramio (2).jpg
- **caption**: Palazzo Koch in Rome, headquarters of the Bank of Italy
- **headquarters**: Palazzo Koch, Rome, Italy
- **president**: Fabio Panetta
- **leader title**: Governor
- **bank of**: Italy
- **succeeded**: European Central Bank (1999, 2014)<sup>1</sup>
- **footnotes**: <sup>1</sup> The Bank of Italy still exists but the ECB took over monetary policy in 1999 and European banking supervision in 2014.
- **reserves**: €307 billion (2025)
Eurosystem

The **Eurosystem** is the monetary authority of the eurozone, the collection of European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their official currency.

## Members

|State|Central Bank|Governor|Website||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Eurozone|European Central Bank|Christine Lagarde|https://ecb.europa.eu||
||style="white-space:nowrap"|Oesterreichische Nationalbank|Robert Holzmann|https://www.oenb.at|
||National Bank of Belgium||http://www.nbb.be||
||Croatian National Bank|Boris Vujčić|http://www.hnb.hr||
||Central Bank of Cyprus|Crystalla Giorkatzi|http://www.centralbank.cy||
||Bank of Estonia|Madis Müller|http://www.eestipank.ee||
||Bank of Finland|Olli Rehn|http://www.bof.fi||
||Bank of France|style="white-space:nowrap"|François Villeroy de Galhau|http://www.banque-france.fr|
||Deutsche Bundesbank|Joachim Nagel|http://www.bundesbank.de||
||Bank of Greece|Yannis Stournaras|http://www.bankofgreece.gr||
||Central Bank of Ireland|Gabriel Makhlouf|http://www.centralbank.ie||
||Bank of Italy|Fabio Panetta|http://www.bancaditalia.it||
||Bank of Latvia|Mārtiņš Kazāks|http://www.bank.lv||
||Bank of Lithuania|Gediminas Šimkus|http://www.lb.lt||
|style="white-space:nowrap"||Central Bank of Luxembourg|Gaston Reinesch|http://www.bcl.lu|
||Central Bank of Malta|Edward Scicluna|http://centralbankmalta.org||
||De Nederlandsche Bank|Klaas Knot|http://www.dnb.nl||
||Banco de Portugal|Mário Centeno|http://www.bportugal.pt||
||National Bank of Slovakia|Peter Kažimír|http://www.nbs.sk||
||Bank of Slovenia|Boštjan Jazbec|http://www.bsi.si||
||Bank of Spain|José Luis Escrivá|http://www.bde.es||
Antonio Fazio

**Antonio Fazio** (born 11 October 1936) is an Italian banker. He was the Governor of Banca d'Italia from 1993 until his resignation in 2005.

In May 2011, an Italian court sentenced him four years in jail for market-rigging related to a 2005 takeover battle over Italian bank Banca Antonveneta. A Milan court has also ordered Fazio to pay a 1.5 million euro ($2.14 million) fine for his role in forcing Dutch Bank ABN AMRO to go against Italy's Banca Popolare Italiana (BPI).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Antonio Fazio
- **image**: Antonio Fazio (cropped).jpg
- **order**: Governor of the Bank of Italy
- **term start**: 4 May 1993
- **term end**: 19 December 2005
- **predecessor**: Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
- **successor**: Mario Draghi
- **birth place**: Alvito, Lazio, Alvito, Italy
- **nationality**: Italians, Italian
- **alma mater**: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Alvito, Lazio

**Alvito** is a town and _comune_ in central Italy, in the province of Frosinone, south of Rome in the Lazio region.

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: Alvito
- **official name**: Comune di Alvito
- **image skyline**: Topografonomastica_Alvito.jpg
- **image caption**: Panorama of Alvito
- **image shield**: alvito-Stemma.png
- **shield size**: 80px
- **region**: Lazio
- **province**: Province of Frosinone, Frosinone (FR)
- **frazioni**: Sant'Onofrio
- **mayor**: Duilio Martini (since May 2006)
- **area total km2**: 52
- **population total**: 2733
- **population as of**: 28 February 2015
- **population demonym**: Alvitani
- **elevation m**: 475
- **saint**: St. Valerius Martyr
- **day**: First Tuesday after Pentecost
- **postal code**: 03041
- **area code**: 0776
Damián Alcázar

**Damián Alcázar** (born January 8, 1953) is a Mexican actor and politician. He is known for playing Lord Sopespian in _The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian_, Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela in the Netflix series _Narcos_ and Alberto Reyes in _Blue Beetle_.

Alcázar was a deputy in the Constituent Assembly of Mexico City from the MORENA political party, but left office in January 2017 after being absent for three months.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Damián Alcázar
- **image**: Malaga Film Festival 2025 - Damián Alcázar 02 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Alcázar in March 2025
- **birth place**: Jiquilpan, Michoacán, Jiquilpan, Michoacán, Mexico
- **occupation**: Actor, politician
- **yearsactive**: 1985 - present
Sejong City

**Sejong** or **Sejong City** (; ), officially **Sejong Special Self-Governing City** (), is a special self-governing city and the _de facto_ administrative capital of South Korea.

Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of the South Chungcheong Province and some parts of North Chungcheong Province to create less congestion in Seoul.

The construction of the city is expected to be done in 2030, at which time 500,000 people are expected to live there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sejong
- **official name**: Sejong Special Self-Governing City
- **settlement type**: Special cities of South Korea, Special self-governing city
- **translit lang1**:  
- **image caption**: From the left: Sejong City Hall, Sejong National Library, Government Complex, Sejong, Government Complex Sejong, BRT Station
- **image flag**: Flag of Sejong City, South Korea.svg
- **image blank emblem**: File:Sejong City symbol.svg
- **blank emblem type**: Logo
- **image map**: Sejong in South Korea 2023.svg
- **pushpin map**: #South Korea#Asia#Earth
- **pushpin label position**: right
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Republic of Korea
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Korea, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Hoseo
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: 2012
- **parts type**: Neighbourhood
Town
Townships
- **parts**: 12
1
9
- **area code**: +82-44
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–Council
- **leader title**: Mayor of Sejong City, Mayor
- **leader name**: Choi Min-ho
- **leader title1**: Body
- **leader name1**: Sejong City Council
- **area total km2**: 465.23
- **population total**: 394,630
- **population as of**: July 2024
- **population density km2**: 848.2
- **population blank1 title**: Dialect
- **population blank1**: Chungcheong dialect, Chungcheong
- **demographics type2**: GDP
- **demographics2 title1**: Total
- **demographics2 info1**: KR₩14 trillion
US$11 billion (2022)
- **translit lang1 type1**: Hangul, Korean
- **translit lang1 type2**: Hanja
- **timezone1**: Korea Standard Time
- **utc offset1**: +9
- **iso code**: KR-50
China Southern Airlines

**China Southern Airlines**, also known as just **China Southern**, is a large airline in China, headquartered in Guangzhou, Guangdong. It is one of the three largest airlines in the country, along with Air China and China Eastern Airlines. It moves cargo and passengers.

Started on 1 July 1988, the airline later became the world's sixth-largest airline measured by number of people flying and Asia's largest airline by fleet size, revenue, and people carried. It was the 9th largest airline in the world in 2024. Its main airports are Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport and Beijing Daxing International Airport. The airline does more than 2,000 flights to over 200 places each day.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: China Southern Airlines

- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Airbus A350-900
- **logo**: File:B-308T@PEK (20200922110314).jpg
- **alliance**: SkyTeam
- **fleet size**: 675
- **destinations**: List of China Southern Airlines destinations, 235
- **image upright**: 1.15
- **iata**: CZ
- **icao**: CSN
- **callsign**: CHINA SOUTHERN
- **commenced**:

- **headquarters**: Guangzhou, Guangdong
- **key people**: Han Wen Sheng (vice chairman & President (corporate title), president)
Ma Xu Lun (chairman)
- **frequent flyer**: Sky Pearl Club
- **parent**: China Southern Air Holding
- **revenue**: <small>(2017)</small>
- **operating income**: (2017)
- **net income**: (2017)
- **assets**: (2017)
- **equity**: (2017)
- **num employees**: 100,000 (2015–2016)


## Infobox (chinese)

- **title**: China Southern Airlines
- **order**: st
- **s**: 中国南方航空
- **t**: 中國南方航空
- **p**: Zhōngguó Nánfāng Hángkōng
- **j**: zung<sup>1</sup>gwok<sup>3</sup> naam<sup>4</sup>fong<sup>1</sup> hong<sup>4</sup>hung<sup>1</sup>
- **altname**: China Southern Airlines Company Limited
- **t2**: 中國南方航空股份公司
- **p2**: Zhōngguó Nánfāng Hángkōng Gǔfèn gōngsī
- **j2**: zung<sup>1</sup>gwok<sup>3</sup> naam<sup>4</sup>fong<sup>1</sup> hong<sup>4</sup>hung<sup>1</sup> gu<sup>2</sup>fan<sup>6*2</sup> jau<sup>5</sup>haan<sup>6</sup> gung<sup>1</sup>si<sup>1</sup>
- **l2**: China Southern Airlines, Company Limited by Shares
- **p3**: Nánfāng Hángkōng
- **j3**: naam<sup>4</sup>fong<sup>1</sup> hong<sup>4</sup>hung<sup>1</sup>
- **l3**: Southern Airlines
- **p4**: Nánháng
- **j4**: naam<sup>4</sup> hong<sup>4</sup>
Salaf

The **Salaf** (Arabic: السلف, "predecessors") refers to the earliest generations of Muslims, particularly the first three, which were praised by the Prophet Muhammad.

The term is commonly used in Islamic scholarship to denote the righteous ancestors of the Muslim ummah, whose understanding of the religion serves as a model for later generations.

## Definition

Linguistically, Salaf means "those who came before." In Islam, the term typically refers to the following:

1. The Ṣaḥaba (Companions of the Prophet)
1. The Tabiʿun (Followers of the Companions)
1. The Tabi al-Tabiʿin (Followers of the Followers)

Those three generations are collectively known as the Salaf al-Ṣaliḥ (Pious Predecessors).

## Praise by Muhammad

The Prophet Muhammad said:> "The best of people are my generation (the Ṣaḥaba), then those who come after them (the Tabiʿun), then those who come after them (Tabi al-Tabiʿin)."
> — _Sahih al-Bukhari_ (2652), _Sahih Muslim_ (2533)The hadith is the basis for the high status that is given to the Salaf in Sunni Islam.

## Importance in Islamic thought

The methodology of the Salaf is characterized by the following:

- Strict adherence to the Qur’an and the authentic Sunnah
- Understanding of texts based on the interpretation of the early generations
- Rejection of religious innovations (bidʿah)

That approach is known as Manhaj al-Salaf and is the foundation of many Sunni scholars' theological and jurisprudential positions.

## Notable Salaf scholars

- Abu Bakr al-Ṣiddīq (d. 634 CE)
- ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (d. 644 CE)
- ʿAbdullah ibn Masʿūd (d. 653 CE)
- Imam Mālik ibn Anas (d. 795 CE)
- Imam al-Shāfiʿī (d. 820 CE)
- Imam Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal (d. 855 CE)
Voiceless uvular–epiglottal plosive

The **voiceless uvular-epiglottal plosive**, transcribed [q͡ʡ] in the IPA, is a sound used in some spoken languages, and it's not in English.

## Infobox (ipa)

- **above**: Voiceless uvular-epiglottal plosive
- **ipa symbol**: q͡ʡ
Luis Galván

**Luis Adolfo Galván** (24 February 1948 – 5 May 2025) was an Argentine footballer. He played as a centre back. He played for Argentina national football team from 1975 until 1983. He played for the national team when they won the 1978 FIFA World Cup.

Galván died on 5 May 2025 from problems caused by pneumonia in Córdoba, Argentina at the age of 77.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Luis Galván
- **image**: Luis galvan panini cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Galván with Argentina in 1978
- **full name**: Luis Adolfo Galván
- **birth place**: Fernández, Santiago del Estero, Fernández, Argentina
- **death place**: Córdoba, Argentina, Córdoba, Argentina
- **height**: 1.74 m
- **position**: Centre back
- **years1**: 1970–1982
- **clubs1**: Talleres de Córdoba
- **caps1**: 267
- **goals1**: 15
- **years2**: 1982–1983
- **clubs2**: Loma Negra de Olavarría, Loma Negra
- **caps2**: 14
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1983–1984
- **clubs3**: Belgrano de Córdoba
- **caps3**: 10
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1984–1985
- **clubs4**: Central Norte
- **caps4**: 10
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 1986
- **clubs5**: Club Bolívar, Bolívar
- **years6**: 1986–1987
- **clubs6**: Talleres de Córdoba
- **nationalyears1**: 1975–1983
- **nationalteam1**: Argentina national football team, Argentina
- **nationalcaps1**: 34
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Corporate identity

A **corporate identity** or **corporate image** is the way a corporation, or business shows itself to the public. The corporate identity is usually done with imagery and trademarks. Also things like product design, advertising, public relations are a part of this. Corporate identity is a main goal of corporate communication, wanting to build and keep the company's identity.
Milo Lazarevic

**Milo Lazarevic** (born August 14, 1942) is an American artist known for his sculptures, paintings, and mixed media works. Born in Montenegro, he moved to the United States and became a professor at Columbia University (1973–1978) and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute(1998–2014). His art is inspired by themes like nature, history, and human existence.

## Education

In the 1960s, Lazarevic studied metalwork in Germany before moving to New York City. He earned a master’s degree (1974) and a PhD (1977) from Columbia University, where he later taught art. He became a U.S. citizen in 1974.

### Teaching

Lazarevic taught art at Columbia University from 1973 to 1978. He focused on sculpture, art history, and creative thinking. He also led a study-abroad program in Italy. Later, from 1998 to 2014, he taught at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. There, he encouraged students to find their own creative voices through hands-on work.

### Exhibitions

Lazarevic held his first solo show in New York in 1973. Since then, his art has been shown in many group and solo exhibits in the U.S. and Europe. His work has been written about in newspapers and magazines such as The New York Times, ARTnews, and The Houston Post.

### Sculpture

His sculptures are made from stone, metal, marble, and wood. He often uses simple, large shapes. His work explores big ideas like time, space, and human life. He tries to keep a close connection with nature and avoids traditional rules in art.

**Notable sculptures:**

- Hoodlum (2000)
- Equinox (2008)
- Pythia (2009)
- Contessa (2011)
- Appalachian (2016)

### Painting

Lazarevic’s paintings use strong colors, simple shapes, and symbols like letters and numbers. He removes realistic images and tries to create new ways of seeing the world. His goal is to show a deeper truth through art.

**Notable paintings:**

- Crossing the Delaware (2002)

- Go-between (2009)

- Kamikaze (2015)

- Tokyo Eloquence (2015)

- Tempest (2018)

- Sartre’s Cousin Jules (2018)

- Paradox Lost (2019)

### Eclectic works

In these pieces, Lazarevic reuses old objects, like tools or household items, to make new art. He combines these objects with painted backgrounds. These works mix sculpture and painting and ask people to think about the meaning of everyday things.

**Notable eclectic works:**

- Trojan Horse (2005)

- Amish Clock (2012)

## Awards and Honors

- Pollock-Krasner Award for Sculpture, 1985.
- Gottlieb Foundation Award, 1997.

## Books

- _Intuitive Reality_ (2021)

- _Brutalist Sculpture & Dystopia_ (2022)

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Milo Lazarevic
- **image**: Уметник Мило Лазаревић,01.jpg
- **alt**: Milo Lazarevic, a man with short gray hair and glasses, wearing a dark shirt.
- **caption**: Milo Lazarevic in 2021
- **birth place**: Kotor, Yugoslavia (now Montenegro)
- **nationality**: American
- **field**: Painting, sculpture, mixed media
- **training**: Columbia University
- **awards**: Pollock-Krasner Award (1985), Gottlieb Foundation Award (1997)
- **notable works**: _Hoodlum_ (sculpture, 2000), _Crossing the Delaware_ (painting, 2002), _Trojan Horse_ (mixed media, 2005)
Karl I, Prince of Liechtenstein

**Karl I** (30 July 1569 – 12 February 1627) was the first member of the Liechtenstein family to become a monarch of Liechtenstein; thus, he was the founder of the Princely Family of Liechtenstein. Through his political activity Prince Karl I von Liechtenstein created the basis for the rise of the House of Liechtenstein to become one of the leading noble families of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1608 he was the first of the family to be raised to the rank of prince, and acquired the Silesian duchies of Troppau (Opava) and Jägerndorf (Krnov). He was influenced in his taste for the arts by Emperor Rudolf II and gave commissions to major artists at the imperial court. Karl was the elder son of Hartmann II, Baron of Liechtenstein (1544–1585) and his wife, Countess Anna Maria of Ortenburg (1547–1601). Emperor Rudolf II of the Holy Roman Empire appointed Karl as chief intendant (_Obersthofmeister_), an important position at his court. Karl held this position until 1607. In a dispute over land between Rudolf II and the heir presumptive to the throne, Archduke Matthias, Karl sided with Matthias. Liechtenstein played a leading role as adviser and supporter of Matthias in the coup against Emperor Rudolf II. Now-Hungarian King Matthias made him a hereditary prince in 1608, in thanks for Karl's aid. In his politics and assertiveness as advisor to Matthias, he rivaled Melchior Khlesl, Bishop of Vienna, who ultimately prevailed over Liechtenstein and became the new minister-favourite of King and later Emperor Matthias. He became a Catholic in 1599. In 1605, Karl established the first branch north of the Alps of the Hospitaller Order of Saint John of God, at Feldsberg in Lower Austria (now Valtice, Czech Republic).

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Karl I
- **title**: Duke of Troppau and Duchy of Krnov, Jägerndorf
- **image**: File:Unbekannter Meister - Porträt des Fürsten Karl I. von Liechtenstein (1569–1627).jpg
- **caption**: an older Karl I
- **succession**: Prince of Liechtenstein
- **reign**: 20 December 1608 – 12 February 1627
- **successor**: Karl Eusebius, Prince of Liechtenstein, Karl Eusebius
- **death place**: Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia, Holy Roman Empire
- **burial place**: Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, Brno
- **spouse**: Anna Maria Šemberová of Boskovice and Černá Hora, Baroness Anna Maria Šemberová of Boskovice and Černá Hora
- **house**: House of Liechtenstein, Liechtenstein (founder)
- **father**: Baron Hartmann II of Liechtenstein
- **mother**: Countess Anna Maria of Ortenburg
- **religion**: Lutheran (1569–1599)
Roman Catholic (1599-1627)
Radical of an integer

In number theory, the **radical of an integer** is the product of its unique prime factors. The radical of an integer  is written . The radical is an important part of the abc conjecture, one of the most important unsolved problems in mathematics.

## Definition

In mathematical notation, the radical of an integer  is given by

This can be read in plain language as "the product of all prime numbers  that evenly divide ".

## Examples

The radicals of the first positive integers are
- 1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 6, 7, 2, 3, 10, 11, 6, 13, 14, 15, 2, 17, 6, 19, 10, 21, 22, 23, 6, 5, 26, 3, 14, 29, 30, 31, 2, 33, 34, 35, 6, 37, 38, 39, 10, 41, 42, 43, 22, 15, 46, 47, 6, 7, 10, ... .

## Properties

The radical of a number is the largest square-free factor of that number.  if and only if  is square-free.

For any two integers  and ,
It follows from this that the radical is an incompletely multiplicative function.

In ring theory,  is the greatest common divisor of the nilpotent elements of the ring of integers modulo .
Bangladesh Cycling Federation

The **Bangladesh Cycling Federation** is the national governing body of cycle racing in Bangladesh. It was established in 1972. It is operated by the Ministry of Youth and Sports under the National Sports Council. It is a member of the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the Asian Cycling Confederation (ACC), and the Bangladesh Olympic Association.

## Membership

This federation is a member of the following organizations:
- Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI)
- Asian Cycling Confederation (ACC)
- Bangladesh Olympic Association

## Affiliations

Affiliated organizations of this federation include:
1. District Sports Associations
1. Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan (BKSP)
1. Universities
1. Bangladesh Army Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Navy Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Air Force Sports Control Board
1. Higher Secondary Education Board Sports Associations
1. Border Guard Bangladesh Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Police Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Railway Sports Association
1. Bangladesh Ansar and VDP Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Jail Sports Control Board
1. Bangladesh Textile Mills Corporation Sports Association
1. Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation Sports Association
1. Bangladesh Customs Sports Association
1. Divisional Sports Associations
1. Clubs Recognized by the Federation

## Infobox (organisation)

- **name**: Bangladesh Cycling Federation
- **logo**: Bangladesh Cycling Federation logo.svg
- **abbreviation**: BCF
- **status**: Sports governing body
- **headquarters**: National Stadium Road, Dhaka
- **location country**: Bangladesh
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Saiful Islam
- **parent organization**: National Sports Council
Patrick Schnieder

**Patrick Schnieder** (born 1 May 1968) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He has been a member of the Bundestag from the state of Rhineland-Palatinate since 2009. In 2025, he became Minister of Transport.

## Other websites

- Bundestag biography

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Patrick Schnieder
- **image**: File:2014-09-11 - Patrick Schnieder MdB - 8495.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2014
- **birth place**: Kyllburg, West Germany
<small>(now Germany)</small>
- **nationality**: German
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union of Germany, Christian Democratic Union (since 1984)
- **alma mater**: University of Bonn
- **occupation**: Politician
- **branch**: _Bundeswehr_
- **serviceyears**: 1987–1988
- **office**: Federal Ministry of Transport, Minister of Transport
- **chancellor**: Friedrich Merz
- **term start**: 6 May 2025
- **predecessor**: Volker Wissing <small>(as Minister of Digital and Transport)</small>
- **office1**: Member of the German Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag
- **term start1**: 27 September 2009
Stefanie Hubig

**Stefanie Hubig** (; born 15 December 1968) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She has been the State Minister for Education in the government of Minister-President of Rhineland-Palatinate Malu Dreyer since 2016. In 2025, she was selected as the Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection in a new Merz cabinet.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Stefanie Hubig
- **image**: 2025-05-05 Unterzeichnung des Koalitionsvertrages der 21. Wahlperiode des Bundestages by Sandro Halank–122.jpg
- **caption**: Hubig in 2025
- **birth place**: Frankfurt am Main, West Germany
- **nationality**: German
- **party**: Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD)
- **alma mater**: University of Regensburg
- **occupation**: Politician
- **office1**: Schweitzer cabinet, Minister for Education of Rhineland-Palatinate
- **term start1**: 18 May 2016
- **predecessor1**: Vera Reiß
- **1namedata1**: Malu Dreyer
 Alexander Schweitzer
- **office**: Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection, Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection
- **term start**: 6 May 2025
- **chancellor**: Friedrich Merz
- **predecessor**: Volker Wissing
- **office2**: Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection, State Secretary in the Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection
- **term start2**: 8 January 2014
- **term end2**: 18 May 2016
- **chancellor2**: Angela Merkel
- **predecessor2**: Birgit Grundmann
- **successor2**: Christiane Wirtz
Asian Hockey Federation

The **Asian Hockey Federation** (AHF) is the governing body for the sport of field hockey in Asia. It is responsible for promoting, organizing, and regulating field hockey activities across the continent under International Hockey Federation.

## Members

- Afghanistan
- Bangladesh
- Brunei
- Cambodia
- China
- Chinese Taipei
- Hong Kong
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Japan
- Kazakhstan
- Korea
- Korea (DPR)
- Macau
- Malaysia
- Mongolia
- Myanmar
- Nepal
- Oman
- Pakistan
- Philippines
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Timor-Leste
- Turkmenistan
- United Arab Emirates
- Uzbekistan
- Vietnam

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Asian Hockey Federation
- **abbreviation**: AHF
- **founding location**: Tokyo, Japan
- **type**: Sports federation
- **headquarters**: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- **region served**: Asia
- **membership**: 33 member associations
- **leader title**: Patron
- **leader name**: Abdullah of Pahang, Al-Sultan Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah
- **leader title2**: President
- **leader name2**: Dato' Fumio Ogura
- **leader title3**: Secretary
- **parent organization**: International Hockey Federation
Pierbattista Pizzaballa

**Pierbattista Pizzaballa** (born 21 April 1965) is an Italian Catholic prelate who has been the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem since 6 November 2020. He was made a cardinal by Pope Francis in 2023.

After Francis' death, he has been considered _papabile_ at the 2025 papal conclave.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Cardinal
- **honorific-prefix**: His Beatitude and His Eminence, Eminence
- **name**: Pierbattista Pizzaballa
- **image**: Mons. Pierbattista Pizzaballa.jpg
- **caption**: Pizzaballa in 2016
- **church**: Latin Church
- **diocese**: Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, Jerusalem
- **see**: Jerusalem
- **appointed**: 24 October 2020
- **term start**: 6 November 2020
- **predecessor**: Fouad Twal
- **ordination**: 15 September 1990
- **ordained by**: Giacomo Biffi
- **consecration**: 10 September 2016
- **consecrated by**: Leonardo Sandri
- **cardinal**: 30 September 2023
- **created cardinal by**: Pope Francis
- **rank**: Cardinal priest
- **birth place**: Cologno al Serio, Italy
- **coat of arms**: Coat of arms of Pierbattista Pizzaballa (cardinal).svg
- **signature**: Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa signature.jpg
- **motto**: ('My grace is sufficient for you')
Mario Grech

**Mario Grech** (born 20 February 1957) is a Maltese Catholic prelate. He has been the Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops since 2020. He was the Bishop of Gozo from 2005 to 2019 and Pro-Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops from 2019 to 2020. Pope Francis made him a cardinal on 28 November 2020.

Grech was born in Qala, Gozo, on 20 February 1957.

Grech is widely seen to be _papabile_ in the 2025 papal conclave following the death of Pope Francis.

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy: Bishop Mario Grech Wikipedia:SPS

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Cardinal
- **honorific prefix**: His Eminence
- **name**: Mario Grech
- **title**: Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops (Catholic), Synod of Bishops
- **image**: Cardinal Mario Grech (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Grech as a cardinal
- **church**: Roman Catholic Church
- **appointed**: 15 September 2020
- **predecessor**: Lorenzo Baldisseri
- **other post**: Santi Cosma e Damiano, Rome, Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano (2020–present)
- **ordination**: 22 May 1984
- **ordained by**: Nikol Joseph Cauchi
- **consecration**: 22 January 2006
- **consecrated by**: Nikol Joseph Cauchi
- **cardinal**: 28 November 2020
- **created cardinal by**: Pope Francis, Francis
- **rank**: Cardinal deacon
- **birth name**: Mario Grech
- **birth place**: Qala, Malta, Qala, Gozo, Crown Colony of Malta
- **nationality**: Maltese
- **religion**: Roman Catholic
- **parents**: George and Stella Grech
- **alma mater**: Pontifical Lateran University
Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas
- **motto**: _In fractione panis_                    ("In the breaking of the bread")
- **coat of arms**: Coat of arms of Mario Grech (cardinal).svg


## Infobox (cardinalstyles)

- **name**: Mario Grech
- **dipstyle**: The Most Reverend Eminence
 Cardinal (Catholic Church), His Eminence
- **offstyle**: Your Eminence
- **relstyle**: Bishop in the Catholic Church, Bishop
- **image**: Coat of arms of Mario Grech (cardinal).svg
Fridolin Ambongo Besungu

**Fridolin Ambongo Besungu**  (born 24 January 1960) is a Congolese Catholic prelate who has been the Archbishop of Kinshasa since 2018. He was the Bishop of Bokungu-Ikela from 2004 to 2016, Apostolic Administrator of Kole from 2008 to 2015, Archbishop of Mbandaka-Bikoro from 2016 to 2018, Apostolic Administrator of Bokungu-Ikela from 2016 to 2018, and Coadjutor Archbishop of Kinshasa in 2018. Pope Francis made him a cardinal in 2019.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Cardinal
- **honorific prefix**: His Eminence
- **name**: Fridolin Ambongo Besungu
- **honorific suffix**: Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, OFMCap
- **image**: AED 11ème Nuit des Témoins - Fridolin Ambongo - 2 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Besungu in 2019
- **title**: Archbishop of Kinshasa
- **archdiocese**: Kinshasa
- **see**: Kinshasa
- **church**: Roman Catholic Church
- **appointed**: 1 November 2018
- **term start**: 25 November 2018
- **predecessor**: Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya
- **ordination**: 14 August 1988
- **consecration**: 6 March 2005
- **consecrated by**: Joseph Kumuondala Mbimba
- **cardinal**: 5 October 2019
- **created cardinal by**: Pope Francis
- **rank**: Cardinal-Priest
- **birth name**: Fridolin Ambongo Besungu
- **birth place**: Boto, Belgian Congo
- **alma mater**: Alphonsian Academy
- **coat of arms**: Coat of arms of Fridolin Ambongo Besungu (cardinal).svg