juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tjunkaya Tapaya

**Tjunkaya Tapaya** (born 1947) is an Aboriginal artist from Australia. She is most recognised for her batik work, and is one of the most well-known batik artists in Australia. Her works also include acrylic paintings, weaving, ceramics, wood carving and printmaking. Most of Tapaya's paintings depict places and events from her family's dreaming stories. Her batik work is of the classic Ernabella style, which eschews the Indonesian use of repeated block printed designs in favour of hand-drawn freehand designs or "walka". These "walka" are pure design and do not refer to, or contain reference to, dreamings or "tjukurpa".

Tjunkaya is a member of the Pitjantjatjara people. She was born in the desert in the far northwest of South Australia. Her mother had walked from Walytjitjata, in the Northern Territory, and arrived at Ernabella Mission at Pukatja or Ernabella shortly after Tjunkaya's birth. Ernabella was run by missionaries at the time, and Tjunkaya grew up there. The craft room at Ernabella Mission was established in 1948 and nurtured the artistic talents of Tjunkaya and other children and adults living on the Mission. The craft room taught spinning and weaving originally but later added batik and painting to its activities, and later still became a professionally run Aboriginal-owned incorporated arts enterprise known as Ernabella Arts after the Mission was closed and the land returned to its traditional Pitjantjatjara owners.

Like most early artists in her community, Tjunkaya's original style came from _milpatjunanyi_ – an ancient Western Desert practice of drawing in the sand to tell stories to children. This is the basis of the classic Ernabella "walka".

Ernabella women began to be taught batik making in 1971. In 1974, Ernabella Arts sent Tjunkaya to Yogyakarta with several other Pitjantjatjara women to learn more about making batik from Indonesian artists.

Tjunkaya's work has been shown in several exhibitions in Australia, Europe, North America and Southeast Asia. Tapaya has work in the National Gallery of Victoria, the State Library of South Australia, the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Museum of Australia, and the British Museum.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Tjunkaya Tapaya
- **birth date**: 1947
- **nationality**: Australians, Australian
- **occupation**: Artist
- **years active**: 1971 – present
- **organization**: Ernabella Artists
- **style**: Batik, ceramics
1968 Atlantic hurricane season

The **1968 Atlantic hurricane season** officially began on June 1, 1968, and lasted until November 30, 1968. These dates are conventionally the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin.

Three storms formed in June, making it one of the most active Junes on record. The early part of the season had the most activity, and the season ended quietly compared to the beginning. There were eight named storms, and no major hurricanes. This shows that early season activity has no indication on the entire season. Hurricane Gladys was the costliest storm of the season, causing more than $6 million (1968 USD) in damage as it moved northward through Florida, Cuba, and North Carolina.

## Storm names

The following names were used for named storms (tropical storms and hurricanes) that formed in the North Atlantic in 1968.

The list is mostly the same as the 1964 season, save for Candy, Dolly, Edna, Frances, Hannah, and Ingrid, which replaced Cleo, Dora, Ethel, Florence, Hilda, and Isbell (although Ethel, Florence, and Isbell were not retired). A storm was named Candy for the first time in 1968. Names that were not assigned are marked in .

### Retirement

No names were retired this season.  However, the name Edna was later retroactively retired because of the Hurricane Edna of the 1954 season, and has not been used since.

## Related pages

- List of Atlantic hurricane seasons
- 1968 Pacific hurricane season

## Other websites

- Monthly Weather Review

## Infobox (hurricane season)

- **basin**: Atl
- **year**: 1968
- **track**: 1968 Atlantic hurricane season map.png
- **first storm formed**: June 1, 1968
- **last storm dissipated**: October 21, 1968
- **strongest storm name**: Hurricane Gladys (1968), Gladys
- **strongest storm pressure**: 965
- **strongest storm winds**: 75
- **average wind speed**: 1
- **total depressions**: 10
- **total storms**: 8
- **total hurricanes**: 5
- **total intense**: 0
- **fatalities**: 10
- **damages**: 9.85
- **inflated**: 1
- **five seasons**: 1966 Atlantic hurricane season, 1966, 1967 Atlantic hurricane season, 1967, **1968**, 1969 Atlantic hurricane season, 1969, 1970 Atlantic hurricane season, 1970
Basil Hall Chamberlain

**Basil Hall Chamberlain** (18 October 1850 – 15 February 1935) was a British academic, editor, translator, and Japanologist.

Chamberlain is best known as the author of _Things Japanese_, which was first published in 1890.

## Career

Along with Ernest Mason Satow and William George Aston, Chamberlain was one of three major British Japanologists during the 19th century.

Chamberlain taught at the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in Tokyo from 1874 to 1882.

He was a professor of Japanese language at Tokyo Imperial University from 1886 to 1911.

## Selected works

In an overview of writings by and about Chamberlain, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 320+ works in 860+ publications in 6 languages and 6,100+ library holdings .
- _This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it._
- _The Classical Poetry of the Japanese,_ 1880
- _A Translation of the 'Ko-Ji-Ki',_ 1883
- _The Language, Mythology, and Geographical Nomenclature of Japan Viewed in the Light of Aino Studies,_ 1887
- _Aino Folk-Tales,_ 1888
- _A Handbook of Colloquial Japanese,_ 1887
- _Things Japanese,_1890
- _A Handbook for Travellers in Japan,_ 1891
- _Essay in aid of a grammar and dictionary of the Luchuan language,_ 1895

## Related pages

- Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji period Japan

## Other websites

- Chamberlain, Basil Hall, 1850-1935 at Visual International Authority File (VIAF)

- Chamberlain's translation of the Kojiki
- Chamberlain's collection of Ainu folk tales
The Gherkin

**30 St Mary Axe** is a skyscraper in London's financial district, the City of London. It was formerly named the **Swiss Re Building**, after Swiss Reinsurance Company. The tower is also known as **"The Gherkin"**. The building was finished in December 2003. It was opened at the end of May 2004. Swiss Re Tower has 41 floors. The tower is  tall. It is on the site of the former Baltic Exchange, which was badly damaged in 1992 by the explosion of a bomb by the Provisional IRA.

30 St Mary Axe was designed by Norman Foster and Arup engineers. It was built by Skanska in 2001–2003.

The building has become an iconic symbol of London. It is one of the city's most well known examples of modern architecture.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: 30 St Mary Axe
- **image**: 30 St Mary Axe from Leadenhall Street.jpg
- **caption**: 30 St Mary Axe, with St Andrew Undershaft in the foreground, pictured from Leadenhall Street
- **location**: St. Mary Axe
London, United Kingdom
- **start date**: 2001
- **completion date**: 2003
- **opening**: 2004
- **building type**: Office
- **floor count**: 41
- **architect**: Foster and Partners
- **structural engineer**: Arup
- **main contractor**: Skanska
- **references**: [http://www.emporis.com/building/30stmaryaxe-london-unitedkingdom 30 St Mary Axe] at Emproris
Pancho Villa

**José Doroteo Arango Arámbula** (5 June 1878 – 20 July 1923), better known by his nickname **Pancho Villa**, was a Mexican revolutionary leader who advocated for the poor and wanted agrarian reform. Though he was a killer, a bandit, and a revolutionary leader, many remember him as a folk hero. Pancho Villa was also responsible for a raid on Columbus, New Mexico, in 1916, which was the first attack on U.S. soil since 1812. "Pancho" was a revolutionary advocate for the less fortunate.

Villa was assassinated on July 20, 1923. He had retired from his role as a revolutionary general and was living a quieter life on his ranch in Parral, Mexico. On that day, while driving his car with some companions, Villa was ambushed by a group of gunmen, who fired over 40 shots at his vehicle. Villa and several of his men were killed in the attack.

The exact reasons behind his murder are still debated, but many believe political motives were involved. Villa had many enemies, including former revolutionaries and government officials, who may have seen him as a threat even after his retirement. Some theories suggest that high-ranking politicians were behind the assassination to prevent Villa from regaining power.
Order of the Rising Sun

The  is a Japanese government honor established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese Government, It was created on April 10, 1875 by decree of the Council of State.

The modern version of this honor has been given to non-Japanese recipients beginning in 1981.

The awarding of the Order is administered by the Decoration Bureau of Office of the Prime Minister. It is awarded in the name of the Emperor.

## Classes

The Order was awarded in nine classes until 2003. Since then, it has been awarded in seven classes.

## Selected recipients

- _These lists are not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to them._

### 1st Class, Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers, Grand Cordon

- Konrad Adenauer (1876–1967)
- Douglas MacArthur (1880–1964)

### 1st Class, Grand Cordon

- Edmund Barton, 1905
- Sepp Blatter, 2009
- Malcolm Fraser, 2006
- Daniel Inouye (1924-2012)
- Wangari Maathai, 2009
- John McEwen 1973
- Robert Menzies (1894–1978)
- Goh Chok Tong, 2011
- Gough Whitlam, 2006

### 2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star

- Momofuku Ando (1910–2007), 2002
- Donald Keene, 1993

### 3rd Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon

- Clint Eastwood, 2009
- Ian Nish, 1991
- Raaj Sah, 2017

### 4th Class, Gold Rays with Rosette

- Martha Argerich, 2005
- George Takei, 2004
- H. Paul Varley, 1966

### 5th Class, Gold and Silver Rays

- Yoshizawa, Akira (1911–2005)
- Hiroshi Arisumi, 2010 (1920-2019)https://442sd.org/learn/soldier/hiroshi-arisumi/

### 6th Class, Silver Rays

- Henry Hajimu Fujii (1886–1976)
- Tsuyako Coveney (2017)

### 7th Class, Green Paulownia Leaves Medal

In 2003, this grade of the Order was abolished.

### 8th Class, White Paulownia Leaves Medal

In 2003, this grade of the Order was abolished.

### Class unknown

- Aung San (1915–1947)

## Further reading

- Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). _Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States._ San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America.

## Other websites

- Japan, Cabinet Office: Decorations and Medals
    - Decoration Bureau: Order of the Paulownia Flowers
    - Decoration Bureau: Order of the Rising Sun
- Japan Mint: Production Process
Marina City

The **Marina City** was designed in 1959 by architect Bertrand Goldberg and was finished in 1964 at a cost of $36 million to a large extent by the union of building janitors and elevator operators, who wanted to reverse the pattern of white flight from the city's downtown area.

When it was finished, the two towers were both the tallest residential buildings and the tallest reinforced concrete structures in the world. The complex was built as a city within a city, featuring numerous on-site facilities including a theatre, gym, swimming pool, ice rink, bowling alley, several stores, restaurants, and a marina.

## Other websites

- A compendium for the most photographed building in Chicago, Marina City - Photos, Floorplans, History, etc.
- Great Buildings - Marina City
Raul Julia

**Raúl Rafael Juliá y Arcelay** (March 9, 1940 – October 24, 1994) was a Puerto Rican movie, television, stage, voice, and radio actor who is known for his role as Gomez Addams in _The Addams Family_ and in _Addams Family Values_. He won an Golden Globe Award and an Screen Actors Guild Award in 1994 and an Emmy Award in 1995.

Juliá was born on March 9, 1940 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was raised in New York City, New York. He studied at Fordham University and at Colegio San Ignacio de Loyola.

Juliá was married to Magda Vasallo from 1965 until they divorced in 1969. Then he was married to Merel Poloway from 1976 until his death in 1994. Juliá died on October 24, 1994 from stomach cancer and from a stroke in Manhasset, New York, aged 54.
Shelley Berman

**Sheldon Leonard "Shelley" Berman** (February 3, 1925 – September 1, 2017) was an American comedian, movie, television, stage, radio, voice actor, writer, teacher, screenwriter, educator, and poet who is known for his roles in _The Steve Allen Show_ and in _Divorce American Style_. He won a Grammy Award.

Berman was of Jewish descent. He was born and raised in Chicago, Illinois on February 3, 1925. He studied at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago. He was married to Sarah Herman since 1947. They had two adopted children, one who died from a brain tumor.

Berman won the first Grammy Award for a spoken comedy recording. The first standup comedian to perform at Carnegie Hall, Berman appeared on numerous television specials and all of the major variety shows of the day.

Berman died of complications from Alzheimer's disease on September 1, 2017 at his home in Bell Canyon, California at the age of 92.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- Official website
Ole Kirk Christiansen

**Ole Kirk Christiansen** (7 April 1891 – 11 March 1958) was the founder of Lego in 1949.

Christiansen was born on 7 April 1891 in Filskov, Denmark. He first worked as a carpenter and later started creating unsuccessful toys for kids in Denmark after his wife's death and had to raise four of his children on his own. He was working as a carpenter until creating Lego in 1949. Christiansen died on 11 March 1958 from a heart attack, aged 66.

## Other websites

- The official Lego website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ole Kirk Christiansen
- **image**: Ole Kirk Christiansen.png
- **alt**: Ole Kirk Christiansen
- **birth place**: Filskov, Denmark
- **death place**: Billund, Denmark
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **nationality**: Denmark, Danish
- **years active**: 1949-1958
- **known for**: Founding the Lego, Lego company.
- **occupation**: Carpenter
Beau Bridges

**Lloyd Vernet "Beau" Bridges III** (born December 9, 1941) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor and movie director who is known for his role as Frank Baker in _The Fabulous Baker Boys_. He has won two Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

Bridges was born on December 9, 1941 in Los Angeles, California to Lloyd Bridges and to Dorothy Simpson. He studied at the University of Hawaii and the University of California, Los Angeles. Bridges was married to Julie Landfield from 1964 until they divorced in 1974. Then he was married to Wendy Treece since 1984. He has 2 children with Landfield and 3 with Treece. His brother is actor Jeff Bridges.

## Other websites

- Official website
Fred Haise

**Fred Wallace Haise, Jr.** (born November 14, 1933) is an American engineer and former NASA astronaut. He is one of only 24 humans to have flown to the Moon. Having flown on Apollo 13, Haise was to be the sixth human to walk on the Moon, but the mission did not land due to a failure aboard the spacecraft. He was born on November 14, 1933 in Biloxi, Mississippi.

## Other websites

- Spacefacts biography of Fred Haise
- Short audio interview on Astrotalkuk.org during his visit to UK in 2009

## Infobox (astronaut)

- **name**: Fred Haise
- **image**: Fred Haise.jpg
- **caption**: Haise in December 1969
- **type**: NASA astronaut
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **birth place**: Biloxi, Mississippi
- **occupation**: Test pilot
- **space time**: 5d 22h 54m
- **selection**: List of astronauts by year of selection#1966, 1966 NASA Group
- **mission**: Apollo 13, Approach and Landing Tests, ALT
- **insignia**:
James Brady

**James Scott "Jim" Brady** (August 29, 1940 – August 4, 2014) was an American journalist, politician, and activist. He was an assistant to the President and White House Press Secretary under U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

## Early life

Brady was born in Centralia, Illinois on August 29, 1940 to Harold J. Brady and to Dorothy (née Davidson). He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

## Career

Brady became Ronald Reagan's White House Press Secretary in 1981.

### Near death

Brady was nearly killed a few weeks after becoming Press Secretary. On March 30, 1981 John Hinckley tried to assassinate President Reagan with a gun. Brady was shot in the head and became disabled.

### Gun control

After Brady's near death, he and his wife, Sarah, became a supporter of gun control. He was also an activist for gun control.

Together with his wife, Sarah, who was Chair of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence (formerly known as Handgun Control, Inc.), co-founded by N.T. Pete Shields, Brady quickly fought for handgun control and assault weapon restrictions. The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, also known simply as "the Brady Bill", was named in his honor.

### James S. Brady Press Briefing Room

In 2000, the Press Briefing Room at the White House was renamed after Brady as the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room.

## Personal life

Brady married Sue Beh in 1961. That marriage ended in divorce in 1968. Brady married Sarah, in 1973; the couple had two children, Scott and Melissa.

### Death

Brady died on August 4, 2014 in Alexandria, Virginia, aged 73. His death has been said to be a homicide caused by the gunshot wound he received in 1981, about 33 years before.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: James Scott Brady
- **image**: James Brady (50199670273).jpg
- **caption**: Brady in August 2000
- **office**: 17th White House Press Secretary
- **president**: Ronald Reagan
- **term start**: 1981
- **term end**: 1989
- **predecessor**: Jody Powell
- **successor**: Larry Speakes
- **birth place**: Centralia, Illinois
- **death place**: Alexandria, Virginia
- **nationality**: American
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican Party
- **alma mater**: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- **spouse**: (divorced)
 (his death)
1950 United States Census

The **Seventeenth United States Census** was done by the Census Bureau.  It found the population of the United States to be 150,697,361. This was an increase of 14.5 percent from the 1940 Census.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Seventeenth Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 1950
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 150,697,361
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 14.5%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: New York (state), New York
14,830,192
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Nevada
162,000
1960 United States Census

The **Eighteenth United States Census** was done by the Census Bureau.  It found the population of the United States to be 179,323,175.  This was an increase of 18.5 percent from the 1950 Census.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Eighteenth Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 1960
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 179,323,175
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 18.5%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: New York (state), New York
16,827,000
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Alaska
228,000
1970 United States Census

The **Nineteenth United States Census** done by the Census Bureau.  The population of the United States was 203,392,031.  This was an increase of 13.4 percent from the 1960 Census.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Nineteenth Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 1970
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 203,392,031
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 13.4%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: California
19,953,134
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Alaska
302,173
- **header7**: Logo
1980 United States Census

The **Twentieth United States Census** was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 226,545,805.  It was an increase of 11.4 percent from the 1970 Census.

It was the first census not to ask for the name of the "head of household." About 16 percent of households received a "long form" of the 1980 census.  It had over 100 questions.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Twentieth Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 1980
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 226,545,805
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 11.4%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: California
23,699,000
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Alaska
400,000
- **header7**: Logo
1990 United States Census

The **Twenty-first United States Census** was done by the Census Bureau.  The population of the United Stateswas 248,709,873.  This was an increase of 9.8 percent from the 1980 Census.

About 16 percent of households received a "long form" of the 1990 census.  It had over 100 questions. It was the first census to have "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander" as a racial group separate from Asians.

## Infobox (infobox)

- **abovestyle**: background:#0099CC
- **above**: Twenty-first Census
of the United States
- **image**:
- **caption**: **U.S. Census Bureau Seal**
- **headerstyle**: background:#0099CC
- **header1**: General Information
- **label2**: Date Taken
- **data2**: April 1, 1990
- **label3**: Total U.S. Population
- **data3**: 248,709,873
- **label4**: Percent Change
- **data4**: 9.8%
- **label5**: Most Populous State
- **data5**: California
29,760,000
- **label6**: Least Populous State
- **data6**: Wyoming
454,000
- **header7**: Logo
- **data8**:
Ann B. Davis

**Ann Bradford Davis** (May 3, 1926 – June 1, 2014) was an American movie, stage, voice, and television actress. She was known for her role as Alice Nelson, the housekeeper in _The Brady Bunch_. Her career began in 1953. She retired in 1997. She won two Emmy Awards in 1957 and in 1959.

Davis was born on May 3, 1926 in Schenectady, New York. She moved to Erie, Pennsylvania when she was three. She studied at Strong Vincent High School and at the University of Michigan. Davis died on June 1, 2014 in San Antonio, Texas from complications from a fall, aged 88.
United States census

The **United States Census** is a census done in the United States every ten years.  It is required by the United States Constitution which calls for a decennial census done in years ending in "0" since 1790. It is actually two census counts taken concurrently (at the same time). The first is the census of the population, taken from 1790 to the present. The second is the census of housing, which counts the number of residential housing units, and was taken from 1940 to the present. Among other uses, the count is used to determine how many places in the House of Representatives each state has.  It also determines how much government money is spent in different locations.

The United States Census Bureau is responsible for the United States Census.  The first census after the American Revolution was in 1790.  Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson was responsible for this first census.

## Other websites

- U.S. Census Bureau official website
Leonard Maltin

**Leonard Maltin** (born December 18, 1950) is an American movie critic and historian. He wrote several books on cinema and celebrity biographies. He is known for creating the Walt Disney Treasures collections which is made up of classic Disney cartoons.

He was raised in Teaneck, New Jersey. He studied at Teaneck High School and at New York University. He was married to Alice Tlusty since 1975. They have one daughter.

In July 2018, Maltin announced that he had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in early 2015.

## Other websites

- Leonard Maltin's official site
2020 United States Census

The **2020 United States Census**, known as **Census 2020**, was the twenty-fourth United States Census. National Census Day was on April 1, 2020.

In 2020, the United States population was 331,449,281, a 7.71% increase from the 2010 Census.

The Department of Commerce announced in March 2018 that the 2020 Census will ask if individuals are United States citizens according to a request from the Trump administration. 11 states (Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Washington, California) have said they would sue to block the Trump administration's request.

## Other websites

- 2020 Census from the United States Census Bureau

## Infobox (census)

- **name**: Twenty-fourth Census
of the United States
- **logo**: Seal of the United States Census Bureau.svg
- **logo caption**: Seal of the United States Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau
- **image**: US-Census-2020Logo.jpeg
- **image caption**: The "Census 2020" logo
- **country**: United States
- **date**: April 1, 2020
- **region type**: state
- **previous census**: 2010 United States Census
- **previous year**: 2010
Jimmy Smits

**Jimmy Smits** (born July 9, 1955) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his role as Victor Sifuentes in _L.A. Law_. He won an Golden Globe Award, an Emmy Award, an Saturn Award, and an Screen Actors Guild Award.

Smits was born on July 9, 1955 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York. He studied at Brooklyn College and at Cornell University. Smits was married to Barbara Smits from 1981 until they divorced in 1987. He was partners with Wanda De Jesus since 1986. With Barbara, he has two children.

Smits has appeared in _NYPD Blue, The West Wing_, and the Star Wars franchise, among many other appearances in film and television.
Interair South Africa

**Interair South Africa** is an airline based in Johannesburg, South Africa. It operates scheduled passenger services from Johannesburg to regional destinations in Africa. Its main base is OR Tambo International Airport, Johannesburg.

## Destinations

Interair South Africa operates services to the following international scheduled destinations at January 2011:

- Cotonou

- Ougadougou

- N'djamena

- Réunion Island
    - St Denis

- Libreville

- Antananarivo

- Bamako

- Brazzaville

- Ndola

## Fleet

The Interair South Africa fleet includes the following aircraft as of 1 January 2011:

|Aircraft|In Fleet|Notes||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Boeing 737-200|align="center"|4||
|Boeing 767-200ER|align="center"|1||

## Other websites

- Interair South Africa

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Interair South Africa
- **logo**: Interair South Africa Logo.gif
- **logo size**: 225
- **iata**: D6
- **icao**: ILN
- **callsign**: INLINE
- **founded**: 1993
- **commenced**: 1994
- **ceased**: August 2015
- **headquarters**: Johannesburg, South Africa
- **hubs**: O. R. Tambo International Airport
Aligarh Muslim University

........ **ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY(AMU)**.......
The **Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)** is a major university in the town of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was originally founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1875, as the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College (better known as MAO College). It became a full university in 1920.

Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII donated 5 Lakh Indian Rupees in the 1930s towards this University.

## AMU Journal

**AMU Journal** is an independent educational community and media organization. It is run by students and alumni. It was started in the year 2016 by a group of Aligarh Muslim University students to cover campus activities and raise campus issues. Later it became a media portal and educational community.

AMU Journal relaunched its website on 17 October 2016 via Aligarh Muslim University Public relations officer, Proctor and Deputy in collaboration with University Training and placement office.

## Other websites

- Official Website
Steve Tom

**Steve Tom** (born September 20, 1953) is an American movie, and television actor. He has guest-starred in a number of television shows including _Major Crimes_, _Modern Family_, _How I Met Your Mother_, _Drake & Josh_, _ER_, _NYPD Blue_, _Sleeper Cell_, _Two and a Half Men_, _Prison Break_, _The West Wing_ and other television series. For two seasons, he was in _Funny or Die Presents_.

He also appeared in some movies _The Campaign_, _The Guilt Trip_, _Seven Pounds_, _First Daughter_, _Disney's The Kid_, _Pulse_, _Rendition_ and _Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen_.

Tom was born on September 20, 1953 in Houston, Texas.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Steve Tom
- **birth place**: Houston, Texas, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1991 – present
67th Punjabis

The **67th Punjabis** were an infantry regiment of the old British Indian Army.

After World War I the Indian government reformed the army in 1922. The 67th Punjabis became the 1st and 10th (Training) Battalions, of the 2nd Punjab Regiment. After independence in 1947 they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army.
Johnny Hardwick

**Jonathon David Hardwick Jr.** (September 21, 1963 – , 2023) was an American voice actor, comedian, writer and producer, who was known for the voice of Dale Gribble in _King of the Hill_.

Hardwick was born on September 21, 1963 in Austin, Texas. He studied at Texas Tech University.

Hardwick was found dead at his home in Austin on August 8, 2023 at the age of 64. Three months later, it was reported that his body was found badly decomposed and a cause of death could not be found.

## Other websites

- Short film featuring Johnny Hardwick
Darien, Connecticut

**Darien** is a rich town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is a small community on Connecticut's "Gold Coast".  There were 21,499 people at the 2020 census. Darien was #9 on CNN Money's list of "top-earning towns" in the United States as of 2011.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Darien, Connecticut
- **settlement type**: New England town, Town
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1820
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state
- **subdivision type2**: County (United States), County
- **subdivision name2**: Fairfield County, Connecticut, Fairfield
- **subdivision type3**: Councils of governments in Connecticut, Region
- **subdivision name3**: Western Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut, Western CT
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area water km2**: 27.4
- **area total sq mi**: 23.4
- **area total km2**: 60.6
- **area land km2**: 33.4
- **area land sq mi**: 12.9
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 21499
- **population density sq mi**: 1666.6
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **area water sq mi**: 10.6
- **elevation m**: 16
- **elevation ft**: 52
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 06820
- **area code**: Area codes 203 and 475, 203/475
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 09-18850
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0213416
- **image skyline**: BostonPostRoadDarienCT.jpg
- **image caption**: Boston Post Road in Darien's retail district
2nd Punjab Regiment

The **2nd Punjab Regiment** was a British Indian Army regiment from 1922 to the partition of India in 1947.

The regiment was formed by the amalgamation of the following regiments:

- 1st Battalion, from the 67th Punjabis, formerly the 7th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry
- 2nd Battalion, from the 69th Punjabis
- 3rd Battalion, from the 72nd Punjabis
- 4th Battalion, from the 74th Punjabis
- 5th Battalion, from the 87th Punjabis
- 10th (Training) Battalion, formed by redesignation of 2nd Bn, 67th Punjabis

After the independence and partition of India in August 1947,  this regiment became the Punjab Regiment (India).
Weston, Connecticut

**Weston** is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The population was 10,354 at the 2020 census. As of 2008, about 19% of the town's workforce travels to New York City for work.

Like many towns in southwestern Connecticut, Weston is one of the richest communities in the United States. In 2022 the median household income was US$220,754.

Most of Devil's Den Preserve is in the town.  It is a  nature reserve which gets 40,000 visits a year.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Weston, Connecticut
- **settlement type**: New England town, Town
- **image skyline**: WestonCTOnionBarn08042007.JPG
- **image caption**: The Onion Barn, where community bulletins are posted
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state
- **subdivision type2**: County (United States), County
- **subdivision name2**: Fairfield County, Connecticut, Fairfield
- **subdivision type3**: Councils of governments in Connecticut, Region
- **subdivision name3**: Western Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut, Western CT
- **established title**: Incorporated
- **established date**: 1787
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 53.6
- **area total sq mi**: 20.7
- **area land km2**: 51.3
- **area land sq mi**: 19.8
- **area water km2**: 2.4
- **area water sq mi**: 0.9
- **elevation m**: 96
- **elevation ft**: 315
- **population total**: 10,354
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population density sq mi**: 491.7
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code, ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 06883, 06829
- **area code**: Area codes 203 and 475, 203/475
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 09-83430
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0213531
Pakistan Television Corporation

**Pakistan Television** or the **Pakistan Television Corporation** (commonly known as **PTV**) is the official, state-owned television channel of the Government of Pakistan. It was established in 1964.
PTV

**PTV** may refer to:

- Pakistan Television Corporation, a state-run broadcaster of Pakistan
- People's Television Network, a government-owned broadcaster in the Philippines
- Paramount Television, a defunct American television production/distribution company (now CBS Television Studios)
- Pierce the Veil, an American post-hardcore/experimental rock band
Wawiriya Burton

**Wawiriya Burton** is an Australian Aboriginal artist. She is known for her acrylic paintings. Her paintings are representations of sacred stories from the Dreamtime. Like other Aboriginal artists, the representations are blurred (or encrypted) for cultural reasons. The full meaning of her artworks can only be understood or deciphered by people who have been initiated. Burton is a _ngangkaṟi_ (traditional healer), so she has more knowledge about sacred traditions than most in her community.

Wawiriya belongs to the Pitjantjatjara. She was born in outback central Australia some time during the 1920s.. She grew up living a traditional, nomadic way of life. Her family lived in her father's homeland, around what is now Pipalyatjara.

Wawiriya lives in Amaṯa, where she began working at the Tjala Arts centre in 2008. Tjala (originally Minymaku Arts) had been set up by the women of the community in 1999. She made wood carvings and baskets from spinifex originally, but later learned to paint from the other women.

Wawiriya's artworks have been displayed in exhibitions in Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Alice Springs. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, and the Art Gallery of South Australia.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Wawiriya Burton
- **birth date**: 1920s
- **birth place**: near Pipalyatjara, South Australia
- **nationality**: Australians, Australian
- **other names**: Wawiya Burton
- **occupation**: Artist
- **years active**: 2008 – present
- **organization**: Tjala Arts
- **style**: Aboriginal art, Western Desert art
Gene therapy

**Gene therapy** means putting in a working gene to a person who has a damaged gene. The European Commission has approved this method for one particular treatment. The treatment by the product _Glybera_ uses a virus to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene. The European Commission has given _Glybera_ marketing authorisation, which means it can be sold throughout the EU.

One in a million people have damaged copies of the lipase gene needed to break down fats. Fat builds up in their blood; this leads to pain and  inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). It is life-threatening. Up to now, the only way to manage the condition is to have a very low-fat diet.

When used in this way, a virus is a vector. That means it is a carrier; the gene has been inserted into the viral genome, and the virus sticks it into the human cells. The technique is called transfection. This technique is different from the gene knockout technique, which does not use a viral vector.

## China

China was the first country to approve the commercial production of a gene therapy, in 2003. That gene therapy is for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)—a cancer that occurs in 10% of new cancers in China. There are  2.5 million new cancer patients every year in China.

Sold under the brand name _Gendicine_, the world's first commercial gene therapy also uses a virus to insert the gene into the human genome.

## Past

The possibility of gene therapy was talked about as soon as the roles of DNA and RNA were known about. The first specific publication was in 1972.

## Future

Many more types of gene therapy are in the trial stage. It is clear that a cycle of events will be part of future clinical medicine: DNA sequence analysis > identify defective genes > fix genes with gene therapy or gene knockout. There are sometimes problems of side-effects; these may be discovered at the trial stage. There is now a database which lists all known clinical trials.
Ruby Tjangawa Williamson

**Ruby Tjangawa Williamson** is a Pitjantjatjara artist from Amaṯa, in central Australia. She makes acrylic paintings and traditional wood carvings, and is one of the most successful artists from the region. Her paintings have attracted critical acclaim for her unusually modern style. Ruby paints sacred stories from the Dreamtime that have morals or lessons from her people's traditional law. She uses the typical style of the Western Desert, but the techniques and imagery are more modern. Her style is said to be experimental.

Ruby is a member of the Pitjantjatjara nation. She was born about 1940, at a sacred site near Kata Ala, Western Australia. She grew up with her family in the bushland along the western side of the border with South Australia. Her family spent most of their time travelling between her father's homeland near Pukara and her mother's around Mantamaru. When Ruby was a teenager, they followed other Pitjantjatjara families to settle at Ernabella, far to the east. Ruby grew up and went to school at the mission there until she got married.

Ruby's husband was a stockman whose family came from what is now Amaṯa, west of Ernabella. After they got married, they moved north to Areyonga, where he worked on the cattle station. They later moved back to his homeland, where he got a job on the Musgrave Park station. They had five children together, before her husband died in his early 40s.

In 1999, the senior women of Amaṯa, including Ruby, founded Minymaku Arts (it is now called Tjala Arts). Ruby began working there herself in 2000. Her first solo exhibitions were in Hobart in 2003 and 2005, and then in Melbourne in 2008. Her artwork has been shown alongside works by other Tjala artists in every major city in Australia. She has also had her work shown in group exhibitions in Singapore and the United States. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of South Australia, the Queensland Art Gallery, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ruby Williamson
- **birth name**: Ruby Tjangawa Williamson
- **birth date**: Circa, c. 1940
- **birth place**: Kata Ala, Western Australia
- **nationality**: Australians, Australian
- **occupation**: Painter
- **years active**: 2000 – present
- **organization**: Tjala Arts
- **style**: Aboriginal art, Western Desert art
Wood carvings
- **children**: 5
Brian Pimental

**Brian Pimental** (born in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American veteran animator, storyboard artist, movie director and screenwriter. He's best known for directing the 2006 classic _Bambi II_.

Brian started his career at Walt Disney Animation Studios as a trainee in _Oliver & Company_.  He became a story artist in _Beauty and the Beast_ and _Aladdin_. Then, he became one of the screenwriters for _A Goofy Movie_.  He got his first ASIFA award nomination. His second nomination was for _Tarzan_.

Pimental first time directing was on _Bambi II_.  He won the ASIFA award for best non-theatrical movie. In the movie, he also made the voices for the Groundhog and Porcupine. _Bambi II_ received mixed to positive reviews.  It has a rating of 60% in Rotten Tomatoes and an overall rating of 6.5 out of 10 in IMDb.

Brian was born in Massachusetts.  He earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree at the California Institute of the Arts.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Brian Pimental
- **birth place**: Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- **occupation**: Animator, Storyboard Artist, Director, Screenwriter, Producer, Voice Actor
- **known for**: _Bambi II, Bambi 2_
- **nationality**: American
Pituitary adenoma

**Pituitary adenomas** are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors are generally divided into three kinds dependant upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma or carcinomas, with carcinomas accounting for 0.1% to 0.2%, appoximately 35% being invasive adenomas and most being benign adenomas. Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all brain tumors and is thought to happen in about 17% to 25% of most people.

Non-invasive and non-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered to be benign [harmless]; but a recent large study (Fernández-Balsells, _et al._ 2011) has shown there are few studies to prove if this is true or not.

Adenomas that are bigger than  are called _macroadenomas_, and those smaller than 10 mm are called _microadenomas_. Most pituitary adenomas are microadenomas. Most pituitary microadenomas often remain undiagnosed and those that are diagnosed are often found as an _incidental finding_ [which means found by chance], and are called _incidentalomas_.

Invasive adenomas may invade the dura mater, cranial bone, or sphenoid bone. It used to be thought that clinically active pituitary adenomas were rare but recent studies have suggested that they may affect about one in 1000 of the general population.

## Infobox (disease)

- **name**: Pituitary adenoma
- **image**: Adenome hypophyse.JPG
- **icdo**: [http://www.progenetix.org/cgi-bin/subsetIndex.cgi?project=progenetix&subsetType=ICDM&ICDMcodes_m=8272/0 M8272/0]
- **medlineplus**: 000704
- **emedicinesubj**: neuro
- **emedicinetopic**: 312
- **meshid**: D010911
Skull bossing

**Skull bossing** is when the bones of the skull become bigger than normal. It most often occurs in the frontal bones beneath the forehead. Skull bossing may happen from different medical conditions.

## Frontal bossing

**Frontal bossing** is when the forehead becomes bigger than normal which may also make the brow ridge (eyebrow part of the face) stick out more. It happens when the frontal bone becomes bigger because of a medical condition. This often happens when other facial bones of the skull become bigger too, as well as the jaw bone and the bones in the hands and feet. Frontal bossing is usually seen in a few rare medical syndromes such as acromegaly - a chronic medical disorder in which the anterior pituitary  gland makes to much growth hormone (GH).

## Turricephaly

Turricephaly often called "tower skull", may be caused by different medical conditions. In some cases such as Apert and Pfeiffer syndromes, it is caused when sutures in the skull close before they are supposed to.

Turricephaly is also one of the most common problems which affect the bones of the face and skull in those with Sickle-cell disease.

## Medical disorders that may cause skull bossing

- Acromegaly
- Basal cell nevus syndrome
- Congenital syphilis
- Cleidocranial dysostosis
- Crouzon syndrome
- Hurler syndrome
- Pfeiffer syndrome
- Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
- Russell-Silver syndrome (Russell-Silver dwarf)
- Sickle-cell disease
- Trimethadione (antiseizure drug) use during pregnancy
- Beta-thalassemia (due to expansion of bone marrow secondary to increased hematopoiesis)
The Trevor Project

**The Trevor Project** is an American nonprofit group started in 1998.  It offers help to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) young people who may be thinking of killing or hurting themselves. They have a telephone number which is free to call for help and someone to talk to.

## Infobox (non-profit)

- **non-profit name**: The Trevor Project
- **founded date**: 1998 in West Hollywood, California
- **founder**: *James Lecesne
*Peggy Rajski
*Randy Stone
- **location**: United States
- **key people**: Abbe Land<small>
 (Chief Executive Officer)</small>
- **focus**: Suicide among LGBT youth
- **method**: Suicide prevention
- **non-profit slogan**: Saving Young Lives
- **homepage**: [http://www.thetrevorproject.org/ TheTrevorProject.org]
988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

The **988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline** is a network of help centers in the United States. It tries to stop people from hurting themselves or committing suicide, and help them through counseling. It is made up of 159 crisis centers in the United States. It has a 24-hour telephone number that is free to call for people who feel like killing themselves or have big problems that they need to talk about with someone. After dialing 9-8-8, the person calling is connected to their nearest crisis center to get immediate counseling and referrals to local mental health services. The Lifeline supports people who call for themselves or someone they care about.
Kids Help Phone

**Kids Help Phone** (), is a Canadian service for children and young people. It provides counselling and information on the phone and the internet to children who may have problems that they need to talk about with someone. The telephone number is free to call or the person may leave a post on the Kids Help Phone website.

As a charity Kids Help phone relies on the support of community-based volunteers and individual and corporate donors for financial support.
John Glover

**John Soursby Glover, Jr.** (born August 7, 1944) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles in _RoboCop 2_, _Scrooged_, _Batman & Robin_, _Gremlins 2: The New Batch_, and in his television role as Lionel Luther in _Smallville_. He won an Tony Award in 1995.

Glover was born in Kingston, New York on August 7, 1944. He was raised in Salisbury, Maryland. Glover studied at Wicomico High School and at Towson University. Glover is openly gay. He is partners with Adam Kurtzman since 1993.

## Other websites

- John Glover official website