juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Epauvillers

**Epauvillers** is a village and former municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Epauvillers, Epiquerez, Montenol, Montmelon, Ocourt, Saint-Ursanne, Seleute merged into the new municipality of Clos du Doubs.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Epauvillers
- **municipality name**: Epauvillers
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Epauvillers.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2885
- **municipality code**: 6746
- **area**: 8.43
- **elevation**: 696
- **population**: 147
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Seleute, Saint-Ursanne, Montenol, Montmelon, Saint-Brais, Epiquerez
Eichsfeld (district)

**Eichsfeld** is a rural district in Thuringia, Germany, and is part of the historical region of Eichsfeld.

## History

In medieval times, the district of Eichsfeld was much largaer than the present rural district and was owned by the Archbishops of Mainz.

Eichsfeld was the only part of Thuringia not to accept the Protestant Reformation, mostly because of the efforts of the Archbishop of Mainz.

In 1801, the clerical states were dissolved, and Prussia took over.

The present district was established in 1994 by merging the former districts of Worbis and Heiligenstadt.

## Towns and municipalities

|_Verwaltungsgemeinschaft_-free towns||
| --- | --- |
||#Heilbad Heiligenstadt #Leinefelde-Worbis|
|colspan=3|Verwaltungsgemeinschaften|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||***1. Dingelstädt** # Dingelstädt<sup>1, 2</sup> # Helmsdorf # Kallmerode # Kefferhausen # Kreuzebra # Silberhausen ***2. Eichsfelder Kessel** # Deuna # Gerterode # Hausen # Kleinbartloff # Niederorschel<sup>1</sup> # Vollenborn ***3. Eichsfeld-Südharz** # Bischofferode # Bockelnhagen # Großbodungen # Holungen # Jützenbach # Neustadt # Silkerode # Steinrode # Stöckey # Weißenborn-Lüderode<sup>1</sup> # Zwinge ***4. Eichsfeld-Wipperaue** # Bernterode # Breitenworbis<sup>1</sup> # Buhla # Gernrode # Haynrode # Kirchworbis||***5. Ershausen/Geismar** # Bernterode # Dieterode # Geismar # Kella # Krombach # Pfaffschwende # Schimberg<sup>1</sup> # Schwobfeld # Sickerode # Volkerode # Wiesenfeld ***6. Hanstein-Rusteberg** # Arenshausen # Bornhagen # Burgwalde # Freienhagen # Fretterode # Gerbershausen # Hohengandern<sup>1</sup> # Kirchgandern # Lindewerra # Marth # Rohrberg # Rustenfelde # Schachtebich # Wahlhausen ***7. Leinetal** # Bodenrode-Westhausen<sup>1</sup> # Geisleden # Glasehausen # Heuthen # Hohes Kreuz # Reinholterode # Steinbach # Wingerode||***8. Lindenberg/Eichsfeld** # Berlingerode # Brehme # Ecklingerode # Ferna # Hundeshagen # Tastungen # Teistungen<sup>1</sup> # Wehnde ***9. Uder** # Asbach-Sickenberg # Birkenfelde # Dietzenrode-Vatterode # Eichstruth # Lenterode # Lutter # Mackenrode # Röhrig # Schönhagen # Steinheuterode # Thalwenden # Uder<sup>1</sup> # Wüstheuterode ***10. Westerwald-Obereichsfeld** # Büttstedt # Effelder # Großbartloff # Küllstedt<sup>1</sup> # Wachstedt|
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft; <sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Other websites

- Official website (German)

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Eichsfeld
- **image coa**: DEU Landkreis Eichsfeld COA.svg
- **state**: Thuringia
- **capital**: Heilbad Heiligenstadt
- **kreisschlüssel**: 16061
- **area**: 940
- **population**: 114,100
- **population as of**: 2001
- **density**: 121
- **carsign**: EIC
- **url**: http://www.lk-eichsfeld.de
- **map**: thuringia_eic.png
Gotha (district)

**Gotha** is a Kreis (rural district) in the middle of Thuringia, Germany.

## History

The district was made on October 1, 1922, when the newly created state of Thuringia was divided into 15 rural districts () and 9 district free cities ().

## Partnerships

Since 1990 the district has had a partnership with Main-Kinzig Rural District in Hesse, Germany.

## Towns and municipalities

|_Verwaltungsgemeinschaft_-free towns|and municipalities|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign=top|# Friedrichroda # Gotha # Ohrdruf # Tambach-Dietharz # Waltershausen||# Emsetal # Crawinkel # Gräfenhain # Günthersleben-Wechmar # Leinatal # Luisenthal # Schwabhausen # Tabarz # Wölfis|
|colspan=3|Verwaltungsgemeinschaften|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||**1. Apfelstädtaue** # Emleben # Georgenthal<sup>1</sup> # Herrenhof # Hohenkirchen # Petriroda **2. Drei Gleichen** # Grabsleben # Mühlberg<sup>1</sup> # Seebergen # Wandersleben **3. Fahner Höhe** # Dachwig # Döllstädt # Gierstädt # Großfahner # Tonna<sup>1</sup>||**4. Hörsel** # Aspach # Ebenheim # Fröttstädt # Hörselgau<sup>1</sup> # Laucha # Mechterstädt # Metebach # Teutleben # Trügleben # Weingarten **5. Mittleres Nessetal** # Ballstädt # Brüheim # Bufleben # Friedrichswerth # Goldbach<sup>1</sup> # Haina # Hochheim # Remstädt # Sonneborn # Wangenheim # Warza # Westhausen||**6. Nesse-Apfelstädt-Gemeinden** # Apfelstädt # Gamstädt # Ingersleben # Neudietendorf<sup>1</sup> **7. Nesseaue** # Bienstädt # Eschenbergen # Friemar<sup>1</sup> # Molschleben # Nottleben # Pferdingsleben # Tröchtelborn # Tüttleben # Zimmernsupra|
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft;<sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Related pages

- Saxe-Gotha
- Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Landkreis Gotha
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Gotha.png
- **state**: Thuringia
- **capital**: Gotha
- **kreisschlüssel**: 16067
- **area**: 936
- **population**: 146,632
- **population as of**: 2002
- **density**: 157
- **carsign**: GTH
- **url**: http://www.landkreis-gotha.de
- **map**: thuringia_gth.png
Schwabhausen, Thuringia

**Schwabhausen** is a municipality in Gotha Rural District, Thuringia. It is not part of any verwaltungsgemeinschaft.

## Infobox (german location)

- **name**: Schwabhausen
- **image photo**: Schwabhausen, kerk foto1 2008-05-30 13.17.JPG
- **image caption**: Church
- **image coa**: DEU Schwabhausen (Gotha) COA.svg
- **image plan**: Schwabhausen in GTH.svg
- **state**: Thüringen
- **district**: Gotha
- **elevation**: 335
- **area**: 9.37
- **population**: 712
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 99869
- **area code**: 036256
- **licence**: GTH
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 16 0 67 059
- **mayor**: Olaf Jungklaus
Adams (town), Wisconsin

**Adams** can be one of these places in the U.S. state of Wisconsin:

- Adams, Adams County, Wisconsin
- Adams, Green County, Wisconsin
- Adams, Jackson County, Wisconsin
Adams, Adams County, Wisconsin

- _There are also other towns named Adams in Wisconsin._

**Adams** is a town in Adams County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin.  There were 1,378 people living in Adams as of the 2020 Census. The City of Adams can be found inside of the town.  The town has an area of 50.4 square miles, says to the United States Census Bureau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Adams, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Adams.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Adams, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Adams County, Wisconsin, Adams
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 130.6
- **area land km2**: 129.8
- **area water km2**: 0.8
- **area total sq mi**: 50.4
- **area land sq mi**: 50.1
- **area water sq mi**: 0.3
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 1378
- **population density km2**: 10.6
- **population density sq mi**: 27.5
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 296
- **elevation ft**: 971
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00300
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582654
Adams, Green County, Wisconsin

- _There are also other towns named Adams in Wisconsin._

**Adams** is a town in Green County, Wisconsin, United States. There were 540 people living in Adams as of the 2020 Census.  The town has an area of 36.1 square miles, thanks to the United States Census Bureau.

## History

The first settlers were Cornish lead miners. They were followed by settlers from New England, Ireland, Switzerland, and Norway. The town has been the home of a Lutheran and a Catholic parish. Saint Francis Catholic Church was made by Catholic immigrants from Ireland. Later, the parish joined with Saint Joseph Catholic Church in Argyle, Wisconsin. The church was later torn down. Only the cemetery is still there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Adams, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Adams_b.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Adams, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Green County, Wisconsin, Green
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 93.5
- **area land km2**: 93.5
- **area water km2**: 0.0
- **area total sq mi**: 36.1
- **area land sq mi**: 36.1
- **area water sq mi**: 0.0
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 540
- **population density km2**: 5.8
- **population density sq mi**: 15.0
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 257
- **elevation ft**: 843
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00325
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582655
Adams, Jackson County, Wisconsin

- _There are also other towns named Adams in Wisconsin._

**Adams** is a town in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. There were 1,389 people living in Adams as of the 2020 Census.  The town has an area of 36.8 square miles, thanks to the United States Census Bureau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Adams, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Adams_c.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Adams, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jackson County, Wisconsin, Jackson
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 95.2
- **area land km2**: 93.5
- **area water km2**: 1.7
- **area total sq mi**: 36.8
- **area land sq mi**: 36.1
- **area water sq mi**: 0.6
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 1389
- **population density km2**: 14.9
- **population density sq mi**: 38.5
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 274
- **elevation ft**: 899
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00350
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582656
Addison, Wisconsin

**Addison** is a town in Washington County, Wisconsin, United States. There were 3,464 people living in Addison as of the 2020 Census.  The town has an area of 36.0 square miles, according to the United States Census Bureau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Addison, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Addison.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Addison, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Washington County, Wisconsin, Washington
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 93.3
- **area land km2**: 93.3
- **area water km2**: 0.0
- **area total sq mi**: 36.0
- **area land sq mi**: 36.0
- **area water sq mi**: 0.0
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 3464
- **population density km2**: 37.1
- **population density sq mi**: 96.1
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 289
- **elevation ft**: 948
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00425
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582657
Critical density

The **critical density** is the average density of matter required for the Universe to just halt its expansion, but only after an infinite time. This value is estimated as  and it’s calculated when you take the matter-energy density of the universe and divide it by the matter-energy density of the universe that is required to achieve that balance.

This is related to the cosmic density parameter in many ways; this term describes the ratio of the actual density value of the Universe to the critical density value.  If the ratio is one, then the Universe is at balance, and the Universe is flat and will expand forever. If the ratio is greater than one, then the actual density of the Universe is greater than the critical density, and thus the Universe will eventually become closed and will ultimately end up collapsing in on it self.  If the ratio is less than one, then the actual density is less than the critical density, and the Universe is open and expands forever in every direction.
Non-Euclidean geometry

**Non-Euclidean geometry** is a type of geometry. Non-Euclidean geometry only uses some of the "postulates" (assumptions) that Euclidean geometry is based on. In normal geometry, parallel lines can never meet. In non-Euclidean geometry they can meet, either infinitely many times (elliptic geometry), or never (hyperbolic geometry). Non-Euclidean geometries in 3d can be elliptic and hyperbolic, but can also do things like cause loops to go up (Nil geometry), or be non-euclidean in only two dimensions.

An example of Non-Euclidian geometry can be seen by drawing lines on a ball or other round object, where straight lines that are parallel at the equator can meet at the poles.

## Origin

It is called "Non-Euclidean" because it is different from Euclidean geometry, which was discovered by an Ancient Greek mathematician called Euclid. The different names for non-Euclidean geometries came from thinking of "straight" lines as curved lines, either curved inwards like an ellipse, or outwards like a hyperbola.

The first authors of non-Euclidean geometries were the Hungarian mathematician János Bolyai and the Russian mathematician Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, who separately published treatises on hyperbolic geometry around 1830. As well Eugenio Beltrami published book on non-Eucludean geometry in 1868. Others, such as Carl Friedrich Gauss, had earlier ideas, but did not publish their ideas at the time.
Miranda de Ebro

**Miranda de Ebro** is a city in Spain. It is the second biggest city in Burgos province, in the region of Castile and León. It is an important industrial center, with a population of 39,589 people (2009).

The river which runs through the city is the Ebro.

## Other websites

- Official Website
Interstate H-1

**Interstate H-1** (or **H-1**) is the most important interstate highway in Hawaii, United States, located on the island of O‘ahu. The road sees more traffic than any other interstate in Hawaii. Despite the number, this is an east-west highway–the 'H'-series (for Hawaii) numbering is done in the order in which routes were given money and built.   H-1 goes from Route 93 (Farrington Highway) in Kapolei to Route 72 (Kalanianaole Highway) in Kāhala. East of Middle Street in Honolulu (exit 19A), H-1 is called the **Lunalilo Freeway** and is sometimes signed as such at older signs in the center of Honolulu.  West of Middle Street, H-1 called the **Queen Liliʻuokalani Freeway**; this name is shown on some roadmaps. It is the west-most interstate highway in the United States. The route is  long.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: HI
- **route**: 1
- **type**: I
- **alternate name**: Queen Lili'uokalani Freeway
- **length mi**: 27.16
- **length round**: 2
- **established**: 1953-1959; completed in 1986
- **direction a**: West
- **terminus a**: in Kapolei, Hawaii, Kapolei
- **junction**: in Pearl City, Hawaii, Pearl City
 in Aiea, Hawaii, Aiea
 in Halawa, Hawaii, Halawa
- **direction b**: East
- **terminus b**: in Honolulu, Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
Interstate H-2

**Interstate H-2** (abbreviated **H-2**) is an intrastate interstate highway located on the island of O‘ahu in Hawai‘i, USA.  H-2 is also known as the **Veterans Memorial Freeway**. Despite the number, this is a north–south interstate–the 'H'-series (for Hawaii) numbering reflects the order in which routes were given money and built. Its southern terminus is at Interstate H-1 in Pearl City, and its northern terminus is at Wilikina Drive (Route 99) in Wahiawā near Schofield Barracks and Wheeler Army Airfield. The route is  long.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: HI
- **route**: 2
- **type**: I
- **alternate name**: Veterans' Memorial Freeway
- **length mi**: 8.33
- **length round**: 2
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Pearl City, Hawaii, Pearl City
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: in Wahiawa, Hawaii, Wahiawā
- **formed**: 1976/1977
- **previous type**: I
- **previous route**: 1
- **next type**: I
- **next route**: 3
Interstate H-3

**Interstate H-3** is a highway in the American state of Hawaii. It begins at the Halawa Interchange with Interstates H-1 and H-201.  The highway then runs along a viaduct through Halawa Valley for about 6 miles. It then goes through the Tetsuo Harano Tunnels through the Koolau Mountains.  Once on the eastern end of the tunnel, the highway follows a viaduct built along the side of Haiku Valley until the Kaneohe Interchange with state route 63 (Likelike Highway) which leads into the town of Kaneohe.  The highway then continues to the Halekou Interchange with state route 83 (Kamehameha Highway). Four miles farther, it reaches the main gate of Marine Corps Base Hawaii. The route is  long.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: HI
- **route**: 3
- **type**: I
- **alternate name**: John A. Burns Freeway
- **length mi**: 15.32
- **length round**: 2
- **direction a**: West
- **terminus a**: in Halawa, Hawaii, Hālawa, HI
- **junction**: in Halawa, Hawaii, Hālawa, HI
- **direction b**: East
- **terminus b**: Marine Corps Base Hawaii
- **formed**: 1972:(Kamehameha Highway-Kaneohe MCBH)
1997: (Kamehameha Highway-Halawa)
Mike Shinoda

**Michael Kenji "Mike" Shinoda** (born February 11, 1977)  is a Japanese-American musician,  record producer, and artist from Agoura Hills, California. He is famous for being the rapper, keyboard and piano player, vocalist and rhythm guitarist of Linkin Park, and his side project, Fort Minor. He also does artwork, production and mixing for both groups.

## Personal life

Mike Shinoda has been married to children's author Anna Hillinger since May 10, 2003. The couple have three children.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Mike Shinoda
- **img**: Mike Shinoda World Expo 2008.jpg
- **caption**: Shinoda in 2008
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Michael Kenji Shinoda
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, United States, U.S.
- **origin**: Agoura Hills, California, United States, U.S.
- **instrument**: singing, Vocals, guitar, keyboard instrument, keyboard, piano, sampling (music), sampler, Organ (music), organ
- **genre**: Hip hop, rap rock, nu metal, rap metal, alternative rock
- **occupation**: Rapper, musician, record producer, producer, graphic designer, visual artist
- **years active**: 1994 – present
- **label**: Machine Shop Recordings, Machine Shop/Warner Records, Warner
- **associated acts**: Linkin Park, Fort Minor
Toyota Corolla

The **Toyota Corolla** is a sedan automobile made by Toyota since 1966. The Corolla was the best-selling car worldwide by 1974 and has been one of the most popular models in America since then. It is famous for its high fuel economy.

## Sales

It was first sold in America in 1968. The Corolla is made in many countries all around the world including the United States. The Corolla once had a twin called the Sprinter and it was sold by Chevrolet in the United States as the Nova and Geo Prizm in the 1980s and 1990s. The Corolla is Toyota's best selling car besides the Hi-Lux pickup truck and the bigger Toyota Camry.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Toyota Corolla
- **image**: Toyota Corolla (E210) sedan IMG 4190.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Toyota
- **production**: 1966–present
Toyota Hilux

The  (sometimes written as **HiLux** or in the past called the **Hi-Lux**, in North America since 1976 called the **Toyota Truck**, **Toyota Pickup Truck**, or **Toyota Compact Truck**, or sometimes in North America since 1995 the **Toyota Tacoma**)  is a compact pickup truck sold by Toyota. Toyota has been building the Hilux since 1968. New versions have been made at least every decade since then. The most recent big change was in 2015, and the most recent small change was in 2017.

## Use by Militant Groups

The Toyota Hilux is well known for being used by militants such as ISIL. The Hilux is also seen as the AK-47 of cars according to former army ranger Andrew Exum. The Hilux also has been used by militaries for combat such as in the 1980's Toyota War.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **image**: 2016 Toyota HiLux Invincible D-4D 4WD 2.4 Front.jpg
- **caption**: 2016 Toyota Hilux Invincible (GUN125)
- **name**: Toyota Hilux
- **manufacturer**: Toyota
- **aka**: Toyota Pickup (United States, 1972–1995)
- **production**: March 1968 – present
- **chassis**: Body-on-frame
Fair trade

**Fair trade** is a social movement which tries to help people who make things in developing countries. It helps people to work in better conditions and get more money for what they make, giving workers opportunities to improve their lives and plan their future, which reduces poverty as a result. The movement also tries to protect or improve the environment.

Fair trade helps people in developing countries sell things to people in developed countries. Things that are sold in international trade are handicrafts and other manufactured goods, agricultural products such as grains, coffee, cocoa, sugar, tea, bananas, honey, cotton, quinoa, fresh fruit, chocolate, wine, flowers, and minerals such as iron and petroleum.

Merchandise that has fair trade status must be given a fair trade certificate. This says it follows rules about fairness to workers and the environment. This will mean the product can put the Fairtrade symbol on their packaging if they earn the certificate.

## Related pages

- Moral purchasing
- Oxfam

## Other websites

- FLO International
- FLOCERT
728 Leonisis

**728 Leonisis** is an asteroid of the Flora family, found by Johann Palisa in 1912 in Vienna.  Its provisional name was **1912 NU**.

Astronomers are not sure what its spectral class is. It has been previously placed in the rare A and L classes. These are generally "stony" spectra, but with significant differences from the usual S-type. The unusual spectrum brings Leonisis' membership in the Flora family into doubt.

## Other websites

- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets

## Infobox (planet)

- **minorplanet**: yes
- **background**: #D6D6D6
- **name**: 728 Leonisis
- **discoverer**: J. Palisa
- **discovered**: 16 February 1912
- **mpc name**: (728) Leonisis
- **alt names**: 1912 NU; A907 UE;
1941 WR; 1968 UT
- **mp category**: Asteroid belt, Main belt (Flora family)
- **epoch**: 31 July 2016 (Julian day, JD 2457600.5)
- **eccentricity**: 0.087584
- **period**: 3.38 Julian year (astronomy), yr (1235.6 Julian year (astronomy), d)
- **inclination**: 4.2564°
- **asc node**: 82.661°
- **arg peri**: 55.396°
- **mean anomaly**: 317.487Degree (angle), °
- **avg speed**: 19.80 km/s
- **spectral type**: A-type asteroid, A or  L-type asteroid, Ld
- **abs magnitude**: 13.0
- **mean motion**: / day
- **observation arc**: 103.98 yr (37979 d)
- **uncertainty**: 0
David C. Jewitt

**David C. Jewitt** is a Professor of astronomy at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy. He was born in 1958 in England, and graduated from the University of London in 1979.
Metamorphic

**Metamorphic** is a word from Greek that means "after change." It can also be any of the following:

- Metamorphic rock: The word for rocks that have been transformed by great heat and pressure.
- Metamorphic code: is a programming technique used to disguise code in computer viruses.
Mains hum

**Mains hum** is a signal at a nominal 50 or 60 Hz, depending on local alternating current frequency, and usually some harmonic content. The changing magnetic flux caused by the mains current links with the windings of the pickup, inducing a voltage by transformer action.
Epiquerez

**Epiquerez** was a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Epiquerez, Epauvillers, Montenol, Montmelon, Ocourt, Saint-Ursanne and Seleute merged into the new municipality of Clos du Doubs.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Epiquerez
- **image photo**: 2016-Epiquerez-maison-rurale-1.jpg
- **municipality name**: Epiquerez
- **municipality type**: former
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2886
- **municipality code**: 6747
- **area**: 9.41
- **elevation**: 878
- **population**: 85
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Ocourt, Seleute, Epauvillers, Saint-Brais, Montfavergier, Soubey, Burnevillers(F)
Les Genevez

**Les Genevez** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Les Genevez
- **municipality name**: Les Genevez
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Les Genevez COA.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2714
- **municipality code**: 6748
- **area**: 13.64
- **elevation**: 1035
- **population**: 508
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.lesgenevez.ch
- **mayor**: Stéphane Rohn
- **neighboring municipalities**: Montfaucon, Switzerland, Montfaucon, Lajoux, Saicourt(BE), Tramelan(BE)
Goumois

**Goumois** was a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Goumois and Les Pommerats merged into the municipality of Saignelégier.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Goumois
- **image photo**: Goumois Schweiz.JPG
- **municipality name**: Goumois
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Goumois.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2354
- **municipality code**: 6749
- **area**: 8.54
- **elevation**: 493
- **population**: 99
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Les Pommerats, Muriaux, Le Noirmont, Charmauvillers, Goumois (Doubs), Goumois(F), Fessevillers(F)
Lajoux

**Lajoux** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lajoux
- **municipality name**: Lajoux
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Lajoux Blazono.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2718
- **municipality code**: 6750
- **area**: 12.35
- **elevation**: 960
- **population**: 665
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.lajoux.ch
- **mayor**: M. Michel Gogniat
- **demonym**: Djoulais
- **neighboring municipalities**: Les Genevez, Montfaucon, Switzerland, Montfaucon, Saint-Brais, Saulcy, Rebévelier(BE), Châtelat(BE), Saicourt(BE)
Montfaucon, Switzerland

**Montfaucon** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipality of Montfavergier merged into the municipality of Montfaucon.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Montfaucon
- **municipality name**: Montfaucon
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Montfaucon Blazono.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2875
- **municipality code**: 6751
- **area**: 14.82
- **elevation**: 996
- **population**: 488
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.montfaucon.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Le Bémont, Les Enfers, Montfavergier, Saint-Brais, Lajoux, Les Genevez, Tramelan(BE)
Montfavergier

**Montfavergier** was a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipality of Montfavergier merged into the municipality of Montfaucon.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Montfavergier
- **municipality name**: Montfavergier
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Montfavergier JU.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2874
- **municipality code**: 6752
- **area**: 3.45
- **elevation**: 801
- **population**: 34
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Soubey, Epiquerez, Saint-Brais, Montfaucon, Switzerland, Montfaucon, Les Enfers
Muriaux

**Muriaux** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipality of Le Peuchapatte merged into the municipality of Muriaux.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Muriaux
- **image photo**: Muriaux 1 von Süden, 18.5.2007.jpg
- **municipality name**: Muriaux
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Muriaux-blazon.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2338
- **municipality code**: 6753
- **area**: 14.33
- **elevation**: 947
- **population**: 458
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.muriaux.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Le Noirmont, Goumois, Les Pommerats, Saignelégier, La Chaux-des-Breuleux, Les Breuleux, Le Peuchapatte, Villeret(BE), Saint-Imier(BE)
Le Noirmont

**Le Noirmont** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website of the municipality of Le Noirmont

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Le Noirmont
- **image photo**: Le Noirmont 2024.jpg
- **image caption**: Le Noirmont (2024)
- **municipality name**: Le Noirmont
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Le Noirmont COA.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2340
- **municipality code**: 6754
- **area**: 20.4
- **elevation**: 971
- **population**: 1607
- **populationof**: 2003
- **website**: www.noirmont.ch
- **demonym**: Noirmonier
- **neighboring municipalities**: Goumois, Muriaux, Les Breuleux, Le Peuchapatte, Les Bois, Saint-Imier(BE), Charquemont(F), Charmauvillers(F)
Le Peuchapatte

**Le Peuchapatte** was a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipality of Le Peuchapatte merged into the municipality of Muriaux.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Le Peuchapatte
- **municipality name**: Le Peuchapatte
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Le Peuchapatte JU.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2345
- **municipality code**: 6755
- **area**: 2.57
- **elevation**: 1131
- **population**: 40
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Le Noirmont, Les Breuleux, Muriaux
Les Pommerats

**Les Pommerats** was a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Goumois and Les Pommerats merged into the municipality of Saignelégier.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Les Pommerats
- **image photo**: Pommerats4.jpg
- **municipality name**: Les Pommerats
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Pommerats.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2353
- **municipality code**: 6756
- **area**: 11.51
- **elevation**: 899
- **population**: 247
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Goumois, Muriaux, Saignelégier, Le Bémont, Les Enfers,Soubey, Indevillers(F)
Saignelégier

**Saignelégier** is a municipality in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. It is the seat of the district of Franches-Montagnes.

The bog and nature preserve around étang de la Gruère is in the municipality.

On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Goumois and Les Pommerats merged into the municipality of Saignelégier.

## Other websites

- Official website of the municipality of Saignelégier

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Saignelégier
- **municipality name**: Saignelégier
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Saignelégier-blazon.svg
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2350
- **municipality code**: 6757
- **area**: 11.67
- **elevation**: 978
- **population**: 2176
- **populationof**: December 2003
- **popofyear**: 2003
- **website**: www.saignelegier.ch
- **mayor**: René Girardin
- **neighboring municipalities**: La Chaux-des-Breuleux, Le Bémont, Les Pommerats, Muriaux, Tramelan (BE)
Saint-Brais

**Saint-Brais** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Saint-Brais
- **municipality name**: Saint-Brais
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Saint-Brais-Blazono.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2874
- **municipality code**: 6758
- **area**: 15.19
- **elevation**: 967
- **population**: 225
- **populationof**: 2003
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lajoux, Montfaucon, Switzerland, Montfaucon, Montfavergier, Epiquerez, Epauvillers, Saint-Ursanne, Montmelon, Glovelier, Saulcy
Soubey

**Soubey** is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Soubey
- **municipality name**: Soubey
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Soubey-Blazono.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Franches-Montagnes (district), Franches-Montagnes
- **postal code**: 2887
- **municipality code**: 6759
- **area**: 13.51
- **elevation**: 476
- **population**: 144
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.soubey.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Les Pommerats, Les Enfers, Epiquerez, Burnevillers(F), Indevillers(F)
Hildburghausen (district)

**Hildburghausen** is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It covers most of the same territory as the old Ernestine duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen.

## Coat of arms

The coat of arms displays:
- the heraldic lion of Meißen
- the cock representing the counts of Henneberg, who ruled the region until 1583
- below the symbol of the bishopric of Würzburg is displayed

## Towns and municipalities

|_Verwaltungsgemeinschaft_-free towns|and municipalities|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign=top|# Eisfeld # Hildburghausen # Schleusingen # Themar||# Auengrund # Bockstadt # Brünn # Gleichamberg # Masserberg # Nahetal-Waldau # Sachsenbrunn # Sankt Kilian # Schleusegrund # Straufhain # Veilsdorf|
|colspan=3|Verwaltungsgemeinschaften|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||**1. Feldstein** [seat: Themar] # Ahlstädt # Beinerstadt # Bischofrod # Dingsleben # Ehrenberg # Eichenberg # Grimmelshausen # Grub # Henfstädt # Kloster Veßra # Lengfeld # Marisfeld # Oberstadt # Reurieth # Sankt Bernhard # Schmeheim||**2. Gleichberge** # Haina # Mendhausen # Milz # Römhild<sup>1, 2</sup> # Westenfeld||**3. Heldburger Unterland** # Bad Colberg-Heldburg<sup>1, 2</sup> # Gompertshausen # Hellingen # Schlechtsart # Schweickershausen # Ummerstadt<sup>2</sup> # Westhausen|
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft;<sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Related pages

- Saxe-Hildburghausen

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (german district)

- **name**: Landkreis Hildburghausen
- **image coa**: Wappen Landkreis Hildburghausen.svg
- **state**: Thuringia
- **capital**: Hildburghausen
- **kreisschlüssel**: 16069
- **area**: 937
- **population**: 72,800
- **population as of**: 2002
- **density**: 78
- **carsign**: HBN
- **url**: [http://www.landkreis-hildburghausen.de landkreis-hildburghausen.de]
- **map**: thuringia_hbn.png
Ilm-Kreis

**Ilm-Kreis** is a district in Thuringia, Germany.

## History

In medieval times the territory was ruled by the counts of Henneberg and the princes of Schwarzburg, two local dynasties. While Ilmenau was ruled by Henneberg, Arnstadt belonged to Schwarzburg. When the Henneberg family became extinct in 1583, Ilmenau was acquired by Saxony. The principality of Schwarzburg was split up between family members into several tiny states. One of those states (Schwarzburg-Arnstadt) was based in Arnstadt; it was founded in 1574 and existed until 1716, when it became part of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. It became part of Thuringia when the Freestate of Thuringia was founded in 1920.

The district was founded in 1920 (under the name Arnstadt); it was divided in 1952 into the districts of Arnstadt and Ilmenau, but joined together again in 1994.

## Towns and municipalities

|_Verwaltungsgemeinschaft_-free towns|and municipalities|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign=top|# Arnstadt # Ilmenau # Langewiesen # Stadtilm||# Ichtershausen # Ilmtal # Wachsenburggemeinde # Wipfratal # Wolfsberg|
|colspan=3|Verwaltungsgemeinschaften|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||**1. Geratal** # Angelroda # Elgersburg # Geraberg<sup>1</sup> # Martinroda # Neusiß **2. Großbreitenbach** # Altenfeld # Böhlen # Friedersdorf # Gillersdorf # Großbreitenbach<sup>1, 2</sup> # Wildenspring||**3. Langer Berg** # Gehren<sup>1, 2</sup> # Herschdorf # Möhrenbach # Neustadt am Rennsteig # Pennewitz **4. Oberes Geratal** # Frankenhain # Gehlberg # Geschwenda # Gossel # Gräfenroda<sup>1</sup> # Liebenstein # Plaue<sup>2</sup>||**5. Rennsteig** # Frauenwald # Schmiedefeld am Rennsteig<sup>1</sup> # Stützerbach **6. Riechheimer Berg** # Alkersleben # Bösleben-Wüllersleben # Dornheim # Elleben # Elxleben # Kirchheim<sup>1</sup> # Osthausen-Wülfershausen # Rockhausen # Witzleben|
|colspan=3 align=center|<sup>1</sup>seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft;<sup>2</sup>town|||||

## Other websites

- Official website (German, English)

## Infobox (district de)

- **name**: Ilm-Kreis
- **image coa**: Wappen Ilm-Kreis.svg
- **state**: Thuringia
- **capital**: Arnstadt
- **area**: 805.11
- **kreisschlüssel**: 16070
- **population**: 109167
- **density**: 129
- **district admin**: Petra Enders
- **admin party**: Independent
- **carsign**: IK, ARN, IL
- **url**: [http://www.ilm-kreis.de ilm-kreis.de]
Adrian, Wisconsin

**Adrian** is a town in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States. There were 733 people living in Adrian as of the 2020 Census.  The town has an area of 35.3 square miles, says the United States Census Bureau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Adrian, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Adrian.png
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Adrian, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Monroe County, Wisconsin, Monroe
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 91.3
- **area land km2**: 91.3
- **area water km2**: 0.0
- **area total sq mi**: 35.3
- **area land sq mi**: 35.3
- **area water sq mi**: 0.0
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 733
- **population density km2**: 8.0
- **population density sq mi**: 20.8
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 346
- **elevation ft**: 1135
- **area code**: Area code 608, 608
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00475
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582659
Agenda, Wisconsin

**Agenda** is a town in Ashland County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. There were 370 people living in Agenda as of the 2020 Census.  The town has an area of 89.5 square miles, says the United States Census Bureau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Agenda, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: WIMap-doton-Agenda.png
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location of Agenda, Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: List of countries, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Ashland County, Wisconsin, Ashland
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 231.8
- **area land km2**: 229.9
- **area water km2**: 1.9
- **area total sq mi**: 89.5
- **area land sq mi**: 88.8
- **area water sq mi**: 0.7
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2020, 2020
- **population total**: 370
- **population density km2**: 1.6
- **population density sq mi**: 4.2
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 490
- **elevation ft**: 1608
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-00550
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1582660
Dietary fiber

**Dietary fiber** is the part of food from plants that cannot be digested. Dietary fiber helps to absorb water or remove waste from the body. Dietary fiber has many parts that plants have, and is eaten in plant foods.

Dietary fiber includes substances like cellulose, wax and lignin, among others. The term "fiber" is not the best way to describe it, because many of these substances are not actually fibers.

Dietary fiber  is grouped if it is soluble or insoluble. Soluble means if it helps to absorb water or not. If it is insoluble, it helps remove wastes from the body.
Henry Ian Cusick

**Henry Ian Cusick** (born April 17, 1967) is an Emmy Award-nominated Scottish-Peruvian actor of stage, television, and movies.

### Early life

Cusick was born in Trujillo, Peru to a Peruvian mother and a Scottish father. He lived in Trinidad and Tobago for 10 years. He went to high school there at Presentation College. He can speak both English and Spanish. Cusick spent six months at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow. After that he joined the Citizens' Theatre.

### Career

Cusick's first leading roles at the Citizens' Theatre were Dorian Gray in _The Picture of Dorian Gray_ with Rupert Everett, Hamlet in _The Marovitz Hamlet_ with Helen Baxendale, and Horner in _The Country Wife_.

His performances as Torquato Tasso in the Edinburgh International Festival production of _Torquato Tasso_, and Creon in the Citizens' Theatre production of _Oedipus_ earned him a special commendation for the Ian Charleson Award 1995 for "Outstanding Performance by a Young Actor in a Classical Theatre Role". He was nominated for an Emmy for his guest role as Desmond Hume on the television series _Lost_. He joined the main cast of _Lost_ in season 2. He was also in two episodes of season 5 of _24_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Henry Ian Cusick
- **image**: Henryiancusick.jpg
- **birth place**: Trujillo, Peru
- **birthname**: Henry Ian Cusick Chavez
- **known for**: Playing "Desmond Hume" on _Lost (TV series), Lost_
Bo Pelini

**Mark "Bo" Pelini** (born December 13, 1967) is the head football coach at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Before that, he was the defensive coordinator for the LSU Tigers.  On December 2, 2007, one day after coaching in the 2007 SEC Championship Game, Pelini was named as head coach at Nebraska by athletic director Tom Osborne.
Solenoid

A **solenoid** is a 3 dimensional structure of wire. When this wire is wrapped around a metallic block in a coil and electricity is passed through it, it has some special magnetic properties. Electromagnetic induction makes it an electromagnet that can be switched on or off. The side in which the current appears to be passing clockwise, is the South Pole, and the side in which the current seems to be passing anticlockwise is the Northern Pole. The solenoid works just like a bar magnet, and therefore has many uses.

This principle is used to create valves, among other things. Where the solenoid operates an electric switch, it is a relay.

Pinball machines, vehicles and traditional door bells use solenoids.