Medgar Evers

**Medgar Wiley Evers** (July 2, 1925June 12, 1963) was an American civil rights activist from Decatur Mississippi. He is best known for his work to overturn racial segregation in the United States in the 1950s and early 1960s. He was a World War II veteran and became a field secretary for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). After the 1954 ruling of the United States Supreme Court in _Brown v. Board of Education_ that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, Evers worked to get  African Americans admitted to the all-white University of Mississippi. Evers also worked for other changes in the nation's then-segregated society, such as voting rights and registration, economic opportunity, and access to public facilities for African Americans.

On June 12, 1963, he was fatally shot by Byron De La Beckwith, a member of the “White Citizens' Council, a group formed in 1954 to resist integration of schools and civil rights activity in America. His murder and the resulting trials led to many civil rights protests. An all-white jury failed to convict De La Beckwith in his first two trials. De La Beckwith was convicted, however, 30 years later in a new state trial in 1994 that was based on new evidence. Evers’ wife Myrlie Evers, later became a noted activist in her own right, serving as national chair of the NAACP. His brother Charles Evers became the first African-American mayor elected in the state of Mississippi in 1969 in Fayette, Mississippi.

## Life

Medgar Wiley Evers was the third of the five children born to Jesse Wright and James Evers. The family included his father Jesse's two children from a previous marriage. The Evers family owned a small farm, and his father also worked at a sawmill. Evers walked twelve miles to attend segregated schools, and earned his high school diploma. Evers served in the United States Army during World War II from 1943 to 1945. He fought in the Battle of Normandy in June 1944. After the end of the war, Evers was honorably discharged as a sergeant.

In 1948, Evers enrolled at Alcorn College, now Alcorn State University majoring in business administration. He also competed on the debate, football, and track teams, sang in the choir, and was junior class president. He earned his Bachelor of Arts in 1952. He married classmate Myrlie Beasley in 1951 while they were still in college. Together they had three children: Darrell Kenyatta, Reena Denise, and James Van Dyke Evers.The couple moved to Mound Bayou, Mississippi, a town that was founded by African Americans. There Evers became a salesman for T. R. M. Howard's Magnolia Mutual Life Insurance Company. In 1954, Evers applied to the segregated University of Mississippi Law School as a test case for the NAACP, but his application was rejected because of his race.  In late 1954, Evers was named the NAACP's first field secretary for Mississippi. In this position, he helped organize boycotts and set up new local chapters of the NAACP. He was involved with James Meredith's efforts to enroll in the University of Mississippi in the early 1960s. Evers also helped Dr. Gilbert Mason, Sr., organize the Biloxi, Mississippi wade-ins, protests against segregation of public beaches on the Mississippi Gulf Coast.

Evers' civil rights work and  leadership made him a target of white supremacists. His public investigations into the 1955 lynching of teenager Emmett Till had made him a prominent black leader. On May 28, 1963, a Molotov cocktail was thrown into the carport of his home.

## Death

On June 12, 1963, Evers pulled into his driveway after returning from a meeting with NAACP lawyers. As Evers was getting out of his car, he was shot in the back and the bullet passed through his heart. He was taken to a hospital in Jackson, Mississippi where he was first refused entry because of his race. After his family explained who he was, the hospital went on and admitted to Evers. He died in the hospital about 50 minutes later.As a veteran, Evers was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.

## Other websites

- JFK First Draft Condolence Letter to Medgar Evers’ Widow, June 12, 1963  Shapell Manuscript Foundation
- Audio recording of T. R. M. Howard's eulogy at the memorial service for Medgar Evers, June 15, 1963, Jackson, Mississippi.
- Gwin, Minrose. "Mourning Medgar: Justice, Aesthetics, and the Local", March 11, 2008. _Southern Spaces_ http://southernspaces.org/2008/mourning-medgar-justice-aesthetics-and-local
- Medgar Evers in the U.S. Federal Census American Civil Rights Pioneers
- Medgar Evers biography at africawithin.com
- IMDb.com
- FBI article:  Civil Rights in the ‘60s: Justice for Medgar Evers
- Medgar Evers's FBI file hosted at the Internet Archive
- Retrieved February 22, 2010
- "Medgar Evers," One Person, One Vote

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Statue of Medgar Evers.jpg
- **name**: Medgar Evers
- **birth name**: Medgar Wiley Evers
- **birth place**: Decatur, Mississippi, U.S.
- **death place**: Jackson, Mississippi, U.S.
- **death cause**: Murder by gunshot
- **nationality**: American
- **education**: Alcorn State University
- **occupation**: Civil and political rights, Civil rights activism, activist
- **spouse**:
(until his murder)
- **parents**: James Evers (father)
 Jesse Wright (mother)
- **children**: 3