juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Grand'Anse (department)

**Grand'Anse**, or _Grande Anse_, is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti. Its capital is Jérémie.

## Geography

The _Départment de la Grand'Anse_ has an area of 2,091 km². It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Gonâve, to the east by the Nippes Department, to the south by the Sud Department, and by the Caribbean Sea to the west.

The _Massiff de la Hotte_, an important Haitian mountain range, runs from west to east along the south of the department, with the Plymouth, Macaya and Casetaches mountain ranges. Because of this, rivers here are short; some of them are Baradères, Dame-Marie, de la Grande-Anse, de Nippes, des Roseaux and Voldrogue.

## Administrative division

The department is divided into three _arrondissements_ (like districts) and 11 _communes_ (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
1. Anse d'Hainault
    1. Anse-d'Hainault
    1. Dame-Marie
    1. Les Irois
1. Corail
    1. Beaumont
    1. Corail
    1. Pestel
    1. Roseaux
1. Jérémie
    1. Abricots
    1. Bonbon
    1. Chambellan
    1. Jérémie
    1. Moron

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Grand'Anse
- **native name**: Grandans
- **native name lang**: ht
- **settlement type**: Departments of Haiti, Department
- **image map**: Grand Anse in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Grand'Anse in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 1911.97
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population total**: 468301
- **population density km2**: auto
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Jérémie
Nippes

**Nippes** is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti.

It is the newest and smallest Haitian department; it was created in 2003 with the eastern part of the Grand'Anse Department. It has an estimated population of 266,379 (2003) and its capital city is Miragoâne.

Nippes has an area of 1,219 km<sup>2</sup>. It is bordered to the south by the Sud Department, to the east by the Ouest Department, to the west by the Grand'Anse Department and to the north by the Gonâve Channel, the southern part of the Gulf of Gonâve.

## Administrative division

The department is divided into three _arrondissements_ (like districts) and 11 _communes_ (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
1. Miragoâne
    1. Miragoâne
    1. Petite-Rivière-de-Nippes
    1. Fonds-des-Nègres
    1. Paillant
1. Anse-à-Veau
    1. Anse-à-Veau
    1. L'Asile
    1. Petit-Trou-de-Nippes
    1. Plaisance-du-Sud
    1. Arnaud
1. Baradères
    1. Barradères
    1. Grand-Boucan

## Infobox (settlement)

- **type**: departments of Haiti, department
- **name**: Nippes
- **native name**: Nip
- **native name lang**: ht
- **image map**: Nippes in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Nippes in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 1267.77
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population total**: 342325
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Miragoâne
- **settlement type**: Departments of Haiti, Department
- **iso code**: HT-NI
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **population urban**: 62211
- **population rural**: 280314
- **government type**: Departmental Council
Lara Veronin

**Lara Veronin** is a Russian-Taiwanese-American singer born on 2 May 1988. She is famous for being the lead vocalist of the C-Pop band Nan Quan Mama. The band's first album ***Treasure Map*** and second album ***Nan Quan Mama, Version 2*** both peaked at #4 on the Taiwanese Album Charts. She has also appeared as a featured voicalist on Jay Chou's sixth album ***November's Chopin*** on the track _Coral Sea_.

## Biography

Veronin was born and raised in Monterey Park, California, America and moved to Taiwan in her teens. Her father is a Russian American, and her mother a Taiwanese. She speaks fluent English and Mandarin as shown in her songs, but says she is unable to speak Russian.

Reportedly, Veronin's talent was discovered when she met C-pop singer Jay Chou at a restaurant where she was working. He was interested in her voice and recruited her for his band, Nan Quan Mama. Her role as the lead singer of Nan Quan Mama gave her instant fame.

She gained greater recognition as her songs "靠近一點點 Kao Jin Yi Dian Dian" and "Say You Love Me" were chosen to be theme songs for It Started With A Kiss, a Chinese romantic comedy television series in 2005.

In 2006, Veronin was cast in the television series _Engagement for Love_, co-starring Alex To and Ambrose Hsu.

As of now, Veronin is studying in college in Taipei while continuing her music career.

## Style

Her musical style is often disputed (argued about). This is because most of her songs when she performs solo are in the alternative or pop-rock genre, but when she performs as a vocalist in the band Nan Quan Mama, she often sings blues- and soul-influenced dance music.

## Other websites

- Nan Quan Mama Official Site
- Veronin UN-Official Xanga Blog
- Veronin UN-Official Myspace
- Rockers Union

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Lara Veronin
- **img**: 梁心頤.JPG
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Lara Veronin
- **alias**: 梁心頤 Liáng Xīn Yí (Official Name in Taiwan and China)
- **birth date**: 2 May 1988
- **origin**: California, United States
- **instrument**: Voice
- **genre**: C-pop
C-rock
R&B, R & B
Rock music, Rock
Soul music, Soul
Alternative rock, Alternative
Blues
Dance music, Dance - See Lara Veronin#Style
- **occupation**: Singer
- **years active**: 2004–present
- **label**: Alfa Music <small>(2004–present)</small>
- **associated acts**: Nan Quan Mama
Voluntary (music)

In music a **voluntary** is a piece of music, usually for organ, which is played as part of a church service.

The word “voluntary” can be used for the title of a piece of music.   The title was often used by English composers in the late Renaissance or Baroque periods for a piece of organ music that was free in style, i.e. it did not have to be composed in a strict form such as sonata form or a fugue.  It was meant to sound as if it was being improvised (the word voluntary in general means “free”, i.e. not “forced to do something”).

Composers such as Orlando Gibbons, John Blow and Henry Purcell wrote voluntaries, although sometimes they preferred to use other titles such as _fancy_ (an English form of the Italian word _fantasia_), or even _fugue_.  However, these _fugues_ were not composed in the proper fugue style: they just started off with imitation as in a fugue, but continued in a freer style.

Some voluntaries were called _double voluntaries_.  These were pieces written for organs with two manuals (keyboards).  The pieces contrasted a loud manual with a soft one.

Some voluntaries were known as _trumpet voluntaries_.  These were voluntaries which had a tune which was played (with the right hand) on a stop called a “trumpet” or a “cornet”.  Two very famous trumpet voluntaries, often played at weddings, are the trumpet voluntary by Henry Purcell and the one by Jeremiah Clarke (which people used to think was composed by Purcell).  In the 18th century the composer John Stanley wrote many trumpet voluntaries.

## References

- groves music online
Aalen

**Aalen** (pronounced ) is a town in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is the capital of the Ostalbkreis district, and its largest town.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: town
- **name**: Aalen
- **image coa**: DEU Aalen COA.svg
- **image plan**: Aalen in AA.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **image photo**: Aalen Joseph.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **regbzk**: Stuttgart (region), Stuttgart
- **district**: Ostalbkreis
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08136088
- **area**: 146.624
- **elevation**: 430
- **postal code**: 73430–73434
- **area code**: 07361/-66/-67
- **licence**: AA
- **mayor**: Thilo Rentschler
Bad Wörishofen

**Bad Wörishofen** () is a spa town in Unterallgäu in Bavaria, Germany.

## Geography

The town is on the Wörthbach, a tributary of the River Mindel in Donau-Iller. It is about 80 km / 50 miles west of Munich and 35 km / 22 miles east of Memmingen.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image coa**: Wappen Bad Wörishofen.svg
- **image photo**: 2001 Kurhaus BW.jpg
- **image caption**: Kurhaus of Bad Wörishofen
- **image plan**: Bad Wörishofen in MN.svg
- **state**: Bayern
- **region**: Schwaben
- **district**: Unterallgäu
- **elevation**: 603-670
- **area**: 57.80
- **postal code**: 86825
- **area code**: 08247
- **licence**: MN
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 09 7 78 116
- **divisions**: 12 Gemeindeteile
- **mayor**: Stefan Welzel
- **leader term**: 2020–26
- **party**: CSU
Bürgermeister

The German word **Bürgermeister**, often spelled in English as _Burgermeister_ (or _Burgomeister_ or _Burgomaster_), means _master of the citizens_.

A Burgermeister is chairman of the executive council (or cabinet) in many towns and cities in Germany.  In France, the person is called a _maire_. In the Netherlands the person is called the _burgemeester_. The title is usually translated into English as _Mayor_, but the position of mayor is not quite the same as the Burgermeister.

## Municipal government

- **Bürgermeister** is used in Germany and Austria.  It was used in Switzerland until the mid-19th century. In Switzerland now various names are used instead, such as  _Gemeindepräsident_, _Stadtpräsident_, _Gemeindeammann_, and _Stadtammann_.
- In city-states there can be more than one _Bürgermeister_.  The senior one, equivalent to the Minister-President has an extra title
    - _Regierender Bürgermeister_ ('Governing Mayor') in Berlin
    - _Erster Bürgermeister_ (literally 'First Mayor') in Hamburg
    - _Bürgermeister und Präsident des Senats_ ('Mayor and President of the Senate') in Bremen
- Many large cities also have more than one Bürgermeister, the senior is usually called  the _Oberbürgermeister_ or Lord Mayor.

_Ober-_ is sometimes put in front of a title to show that it is higher than another, especially in military.

### Historical title

- _Präsidierender Bürgermeister_ ('Presiding Bürgermeister') is a name sometimes seen in old documents and books.
Area codes in Germany

**Area codes in Germany** () for telephones have  two to five digits, not counting the first zero. The first or "leading" zero must be dialled when calling from inside Germany and not when calling from outside Germany. The area code is not needed when dialling another telephone in the same area, unless one of the telephones is a mobile phone. Usually shorter area codes are used by larger cities, and longer area codes to smaller towns.

The first digit (after the leading zero) shows the region:
- (0)2 are found in the west
- (0)3 in the east
- (0)4 in the north
- (0)5 in the north central part of Germany
- (0)6 in the south central part of Germany
- (0)7 in the southwest
- (0)8 in the south and the
- (0)9 in the southeast.

(0)1 are special numbers such as mobile phones (015, 016, 017), shared cost service (0180), televoting numbers (013) and 010 for dial-around services. The OLD codes 0130 for free phone numbers and 0190 for premium-rate numbers are now moved to 0800 and 0900 to meet international standards.
588 Achilles

**588 Achilles** is an asteroid found on February 22, 1906 by the German astronomer Max Wolf. It was the first of the Trojan asteroids to be found, and is named after Achilles, the fictional hero from the Iliad. It orbits in the L<sub>4</sub> Lagrangian point of the Sun-Jupiter system. After a few such asteroids were found, the rule was made that the L<sub>4</sub> point was the "Greek camp", while the L<sub>5</sub> point was the "Trojan camp", though not before each camp had acquired a "spy" (624 Hektor in the Greek camp and 617 Patroclus in the Trojan camp).

## Other websites

- Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Ephemeris

## Infobox (planet)

- **bgcolour**: #C2FFFF
- **name**: 588 Achilles
- **discoverer**: Max Wolf
- **discovered**: February 22, 1906
- **alt names**: 1906 TG
- **mp category**: Trojan asteroid
- **epoch**: October 22, 2004 (Julian day, JD 2453300.5)
- **semimajor**: 776.669 Giga, Gmetre, m (5.192 Astronomical unit, AU)
- **perihelion**: 662.395 Gm (4.428 AU)
- **aphelion**: 890.944 Gm (5.956 AU)
- **eccentricity**: 0.147
- **period**: 4320.803 day, d (11.83 Julian year (astronomy), a)
- **inclination**: 10.324degree (angle), °
- **asc node**: 316.583°
- **arg peri**: 132.770°
- **mean anomaly**: 157.779°
- **avg speed**: 13.00 km/second, s
- **dimensions**: 135.5 km
- **mass**: 2.6×10<sup>18</sup> kilogram, kg
- **density**: 2.0 g/cubic centimetre, cm³
- **surface grav**: 0.0379 m/s²
- **escape velocity**: 0.0716 km/s
- **rotation**: >0.5 d [http://www.astrosurf.com/aude-old/map_files/AstVarMAP01-2003.htm <sup>1</sup>]
- **spectral type**: D-type asteroid, D
- **abs magnitude**: 8.67
- **albedo**: 0.0328 [http://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/astdata/ALBEDOS/albedos.tab <sup>2</sup>]
- **single temperature**: ~124 kelvin, K
Mwai Kibaki

**Mwai Kibaki** (15 November 1931 – 21 April 2022) was a Kenyan politician. He was the 3rd President of Kenya, from 2002 to 2013.

## President

Kibaki was the first President of Kenya to belong to a party other than KANU (Kenya African national union). After he became President he has done many good things. Kenya saw economic growth of 6%. He however had complaints from people who think the changes that were too slow to come. Many Kenyans living in the diaspora have begun to return to Kenya as the promise of the future has created high paying jobs. These jobs are appealing to foreign educated Kenyans.

In 2007, many people were angry at him. They thought he changed the election results so that he would win. They started to destroy houses and other property.

Kibaki's term ended in April 2013. He was succeeded by Uhuru Kenyatta as President.

## Personal life

He was married to Lucy Kibaki from 1962 until her death in April 2016.

Kibaki died on 21 April 2022 in Nairobi, Kenya, aged 90.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mwai Kibaki
- **image**: Mwai Kibaki 2011-07-08.jpg
- **order**: List of heads of state of Kenya, 3rd
- **office**: President of Kenya
- **term start**: 30 December 2002
- **term end**: 9 April 2013
- **vicepresident**: Michael Wamalwa
 Moody Awori
 Kalonzo Musyoka
- **1blankname**: Prime Minister of Kenya, Prime Minister
- **1namedata**: Raila Odinga
- **predecessor**: Daniel arap Moi
- **successor**: Uhuru Kenyatta
- **order2**: 4th
- **office2**: Vice President of Kenya
- **term start2**: 14 October 1978
- **term end2**: 1988
- **president2**: Daniel arap Moi
- **predecessor2**: Daniel arap Moi
- **successor2**: Josephat Karanja
- **office3**: Minister for Finance (Kenya), Minister for Finance
- **term start3**: 1969
- **term end3**: 1982
- **predecessor3**: James Gichuru
- **successor3**: Arthur Magugu
- **office4**: Member of Parliament (Kenya), Member of Parliament
 for Othaya Constituency, Othaya
- **term start4**: 1974
- **term end4**: January 2013
- **predecessor4**: Kega Muthua
- **successor4**: Mary Wambui
- **birthname**: Emilio Stanley Mwai Kibaki
- **birth place**: Gatuyaini, Kenya Colony
- **death place**: Nairobi, Kenya
- **nationality**: Kenyan
- **party**: Party of National Unity (Kenya), Party of National Unity
- **alma mater**: Makerere University
 London School of Economics
Socialist International

The **Socialist International** (**SI**) is a worldwide group which wants to establish democratic socialism. Most of its members are democratic socialist, social democratic, and labour political parties.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Socialist International
- **map**: Parties of Socialist International.svg
- **mcaption**: Countries with members of Socialist International
- **abbreviation**: SI
- **predecessor**: Labour and Socialist International
- **type**: International non-governmental organisation
- **purpose**: "Strengthen relations between the affiliated parties and to coordinate their political attitudes and activities"
- **location**: London,
United Kingdom
- **region served**: Worldwide
- **membership**: 147
- **leader title**: President
- **leader name**: Pedro Sánchez
- **leader title2**: Secretary General
- **main organ**: Congress of the Socialist International
- **budget**: £1.4 million (2014)
Bellows

A **bellows** is something that blows air into a small opening in order to make something work. The bellows will have a kind of sack which has air in it. When the sack is squeezed the air is pushed out. Bellows can be quite small and operated by hand, for example for stoking a fire in an open fireplace. They can also be very large, such as bellows that produce air for a large pipe organ to be played. Such bellows used to be pumped by hand (sometimes by several people), but nowadays electricity is used. Bellows are used by blacksmiths or metalworkers for smelting and welding. They are also used in small musical instruments such as bagpipes, accordions and concertinas. The harmonium has bellows which the player operates by pumping pedals with their feet.
1999 Jiji earthquake

The **Chi-Chi earthquake** the **great earthquake of September 21**)there was an earthquake in central Taiwan. The earthquake happened on September 21, 1999 at 1:47 am local time (September 20 17:47 GMT). It measured 7.3 on the Richter scale. The epicentre of the earthquake was at  in Chichi Township of Nantou County, hovering around the 12.5 km mark west of the Sun Moon Lake. The depth of the epicenter was 7.0 km.

## Damage caused

The earthquake caused much damage, according to the National Fire Agency, Ministry of the Interior R.O.C . This damage included:
- NT$300 billion (US $10 billion) worth of damage
- 51,711 buildings were completely destroyed
- 53,768 buildings were badly damaged

The earthquake continued to shake Taiwan throughout the night. People tell stories about a house that was not destroyed but moved by the earthquake from one county to another. The story says that because of this, the owners of the house had to change their address. The earthquake killed so many people.

## Chelungpu fault

The epicenter of the earthquake was Chichi Township. The 921 Earthquake happened along the Chelungpu fault line in western part of the island of Taiwan. The fault is located along the foothills of the Central Mountains in Nantou and Taichung counties. Some sections of land near the fault were changed in elevation by as much as 7 meters (23 feet). Near the northern end of the fault line, a 7-meter tall waterfall was created by the earthquake. In the middle-western part of the island, bridges were destroyed. This stopped traffic for weeks.

In Wufeng, a village in southern Taichung County, the damage was very bad. The village's Guangfu High School was located on the fault line. It was badly damaged by the quake. Today the high school is the site of the National Museum of Natural Science's 921 Earthquake Museum of Taiwan. Landslides were created which in turn caused impromptu formation of lakes.

## Other websites

- National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering  (NCREE)

More Info

## Infobox (earthquake)

- **pushpin map**: Taiwan
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **timestamp**: 1999-09-20 17:47:16
- **isc-event**: 1718616
- **anss-url**: usp0009eq0
- **local-time**: 01:47:12 Time in Taiwan, local time
- **magnitude**: 7.7
7.3
- **damage**: 51,711 buildings destroyed, 53,768 buildings damaged
- **countries affected**: Taiwan
- **location**: Jiji, Nantou, Jiji (Chi-Chi), Nantou County, Nantou, Taiwan
- **pga**: 1.92 _peak ground acceleration, g_
- **pgv**: 318 peak ground velocity, cm/s
- **casualties**: 2,415 dead, 11,305 injured, 29 missing
- **intensity**:
Visibility

_Visibility_ is a word used in meteorology. It is used to talk about how far a normal person can see depending on the weather. If there is low visibility, such as in a blizzard, a person will not be able to see far. If there is high visibility, such as on a bright, sunny day, a person will be able to see a long way.

Visibility less than  is often called zero. When it is this low, roads may be closed, or lights and signs are turned on to warn drivers. These are put in areas that often have very low visibility. Warning lights help stop accidents. Automobile crashes with many cars happen often in places like this if the warning lights and signs are not put up.

Visibility is said to be good when a person can see farther than about 10 kilometers.

An advisory is put out by meteorologists to warn of low visibility, such as a dense fog advisory from the U.S. National Weather Service. These tell drivers to not travel until the fog leaves. Airport travel sometimes is delayed, or slowed down, by low visibility.
Lothar Bisky

**Lothar Bisky** (17 August 1941 – 13 August 2013) was a German politician. He was the chairman of the Left Party.PDS, a socialist political party with its base in the east of Germany. In June 2007 he became of the leaders of The Left, formed by a merger of Left Party.PDS and Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative.

Bisky was born in Zollbrueck, Pomerania. As a child he was very poor, so when he was 18 he moved from northern West Germany to GDR. He was allowed to join the Socialist Unity Party in 1963, but did not became a leader of the party until just after the fall of communism and the old _hardliners_ were thrown out of the party.

He was rector of the University of Film and Television (Potsdam-Babelsberg) from 1986 to 1990. In 1991 he became a member of the board of directors of regional television channel ORB (now part of RBB.)

In 1990 he was a member of the Volkskammer and since 1990 he has been a member of the state parliament in Brandenburg.

He was chairman of the PDS from 1993 until his resignation in 2000. He was re-elected chairman in 2003. Bisky was seen to be on the moderate, social democratic wing of the party and he was a long-time close ally of the party's most prominent figure, Gregor Gysi.

The party returned strongly to the Bundestag in the 2005 election. Bisky, one of 54 Left MPs, was going to become one of the six vice presidents of the Bundestag. When the new Bundestag met on October 18, however, he failed three times to be elected. Some MPs explained this with allegations (denied by Bisky) that he was an informant of the Stasi. Later, he failed a fourth time, and gave up his bid to be elected.

Lothar Bisky was married and the father of three sons. The oldest son, Jens Bisky, is a journalist and writer and the middle, Norbert Bisky, is a painter. The youngest died in 2008 in Edinburgh.

Bisky died in Leipzig, Saxony, on 13 August 2013.

## Other websites

- Homepage from Lothar Bisky
- Biography of party Die Linke Brandenburg
Louis-Nicolas Clérambault

**Louis-Nicolas Clérambault** (born Paris, 19 December 1676; died Paris, 26 October 1749) was a French organist and composer.

Clérambault (pronounce “CLAY-ram-bow”) came from a musical family. He learned to play the violin and harpsichord when he was young, and also learned the organ, composition and singing. He became the organist at the church of the Grands-Augustins and then at Saint-Sulpice. He worked for Madame de Maintenon who arranged concerts for King Louis XIV. He also had a job at the royal house of Saint-Cyr, which was a school for young girls from the poor nobility. He directed the music there, played the organ and trained the choir.

Clérambault was the first important French composer of cantatas. They were often about Greek and Roman myths. He also composed for the organ, harpsichord and violin. He was thought of as France’s greatest organist. Two of his sons took over jobs held by their father after his death.
Apache HTTP Server

**Apache HTTP Server**, also called **Apache**, is a web server notable for helping the growth of the World Wide Web.

## Other websites

- Apache HTTP Server official website

## Infobox (software)

- **name**: Apache HTTP Server
- **logo**:
- **author**: Robert McCool
- **developer**: Apache Software Foundation
- **operating system**: Unix-like, Microsoft Windows
- **programming language**: C (programming language), C, XML
- **genre**: Web server
- **license**: Apache License 2.0
Nord-Est (department)

**Nord-Est** (English: _North-East_) is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti. It is in the northeastern corner of the country, along the border with the Dominican Republic. Its capital is Fort-Liberté.

After the Haitian Revolution, the country was divided into only three departments: Nord, Ouest and Sud. The _Nord-Est_ department was part of the _Nord_ department.

## Geography

The _Départment du Nord-Est_, with an area of 1,805 km², is the second smallest department of Haiti; only the Nippes department is smaller.

The department is bordered to the north by the Atlantic Ocean, to the west by the Nord Department and to the south by the Centre Department. It borders the Dominican Republic to the east.

The only important river in the province is the Dajabón River, known also as _Massacre_. This river marks the Dominican-Haitian border from the Dominican city of Dajabón to its mouth.

The _Massif du Nord_ mountain range, known in the Dominican Republic as _Cordillera Central_, runs from the northwest to the southeast along the southern half of the department.

The _Pleine du Nord_ (in English, "Northern Plain"), with several savannas, is in the northern half of the department.

## Population

The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 308,385 persons: 150,525 men and 157,860 women, with 117,872 (38.22%) living in cities and towns. The population density was, in that year, of 171 persons/km².

The main cities are Fort-Liberté (the capital) and Ouanaminthe.

## Administrative division

The department is divided into four _arrondissements_ (like districts) and 13 _communes_ (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:

1. Fort-Liberté
    1. Fort-Liberté
    1. Perches
    1. Ferrier
1. Ouanaminthe
    1. Ouanaminthe
    1. Capotille
    1. Mont-Organisé
1. (le) Trou-du-Nord
    1. Trou-du-Nord
    1. Caracol
    1. Sainte-Suzanne
    1. Terrier-Rouge
1. Vallières
    1. Vallières
    1. Carice
    1. Mombin-Crochu

## Economy

The main economic activity in the department is agriculture, with many very small farms where beans, peanut, maize and other things are grown. In the mountains, coffee is grown.

Fishing is an important activity along the coast, and commerce is the main activity in Ouanaminthe.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **type**: departments of Haiti, department
- **name**: Nord-Est
- **native name**: Nòdès
- **native name lang**: ht
- **image map**: Nord-Est in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Nord-Est in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 1622.93
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population total**: 393967
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Fort-Liberté
- **settlement type**: Departments of Haiti, Department
- **iso code**: HT-NE
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **population urban**: 190926
- **population rural**: 203041
- **government type**: Departmental Council
Samuel Wesley

**Samuel Wesley** (born Bristol, 24 February 1766; died London, 11 October 1837) was an English organist and composer

Samuel Wesley was the son of Methodist hymn-writer Charles Wesley, the grandson of  the poet Samuel Wesley and the nephew of John Wesley, the founder of the Methodist church.  His illegitimate son Samuel Sebastian Wesley was the greatest English composer of church music of the 19th century.

Samuel played the violin as well as the organ, and worked as a conductor as well as a music lecturer.  He lived at a time when most English composers were writing sentimental music which was not very important.  Wesley was one of the best composers of his time.
Apache

**Apache** is the name of a tribe located in the southwestern United States. They hunted deer and they also ate berries and lots of fruit. They were nomadic which meant that they followed food and never stayed in one place for a long period of time. They are from the second migration of Native Americans, which were the Na Dene. The Na Dene peoples also include the Chipewyan and the Cheyenne of Canada. Edward Vajda argues that the Na Dene languages are related to the Ket language of Siberia.

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Quickborn

**Quickborn** is a rich town in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is about  east of Elmshorn, and  north from the centre of Hamburg.

Quickborn is twinned with Uckfield, East Sussex.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image coa**: DEU Quickborn COA.svg
- **image plan**: Quickborn in PI.svg
- **state**: Schleswig-Holstein
- **district**: Pinneberg
- **elevation**: 19
- **area**: 43.16
- **population**: 20136
- **stand**: 2007-12-31
- **postal code**: 25451
- **area code**: 04106, 04193
- **licence**: PI
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 01 0 56 041
- **mayor**: Thomas Köppl
- **party**: CDU
Quickborn, Dithmarschen

**Quickborn** is a municipality in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

## Infobox (german location)

- **name**: Quickborn
- **image coa**: DEU Quickborn (Dithmarschen) COA.svg
- **image plan**: Quickborn in HEI.png
- **state**: Schleswig-Holstein
- **district**: Dithmarschen
- **amt**: Burg-Sankt Michaelisdonn
- **elevation**: 10
- **area**: 6.95
- **population**: 229
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 25712
- **area code**: 04825
- **licence**: HEI
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 01 0 51 089
- **mayor**: Peter Kaiser
Iguana

**Iguanas** are a type of lizard in the genus ***Iguana*** that lives in tropical areas of Central and South America and the Caribbean. There are only two species of iguana, the green iguana and the Lesser Antillean iguana. The Green iguana is the most commonly found type of this species.

## Appearance

The two species of lizard both have a dewlap, a row of spines running down their back to their tail, and a third eye on their head. This eye is known as the parietal eye, which looks just like a pale scale on the top of their head. Behind their neck are small scales which look like spikes, and are called tuberculate scales. They also have a large round scale on their cheek called a subtympanic shield.

## Senses

Iguanas have excellent vision and can see long distances, shapes, shadows, color and movement. An iguana uses its eyes to navigate through trees and forests, as well as for finding food. They also use their eyes to communicate with members of the same species. An iguana's ear is called a tympanum. It is the iguana's ear drum and is found right above the subtympanic shield and behind the eye. This is a very thin, delicate part of the iguana, and is very important to its hearing.
La traviata

***La traviata*** is an Italian opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, after Alexandre Dumas, fils's novel _La dame aux camélias_, published in 1848. It was first performed at the Teatro La Fenice in Venice, on March 6, 1853. The title "La traviata" means literally _The Woman Who Strayed_, or perhaps more figuratively, _The Fallen One_. Although a failure at its premiere, the opera soon established itself and became one of the best-loved and most frequently performed, recorded and filmed of all operas. Notable interpreters of Traviata have included; Maria Callas, Anna Moffo, Renata Scotto, Beverly Sills, amongst many others.

## Principal roles and voice types

- Violetta - soprano
- Alfredo - tenor
- Germont - baritone

## Sources

- _The Complete Dictionnary of Opera & Operetta_, James Anderson, Vikings Books, 1989.
Chris Fehn

**Christopher Michael Fehn** (born February 24, 1972) is an American musician and former percussionist for the band Slipknot. In Slipknot, he was known as #3. He was the joker in Slipknot. He wore a fetish type mask with a long Pinocchio style nose.  He is a big fan of sports and is an avid golfer.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Chris Fehn
- **img**: Chris Fehn (cropped).jpg
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **origin**: Des Moines, Iowa, United States
- **instrument**: Percussion, Backing Vocals
- **genre**: Nu Metal
- **years active**: 1996–2019
- **associated acts**: Slipknot
- **url**: [http://www.slipknot1.com Slipknot Website]
Brian Jacques

**James Brian Jacques** (pronounced "Jakes") (15 June 1939 - 5 February 2011) was an English author. He is best known for his _Redwall_ series of books, as well as the _Tribes of Redwall_ and _Castaways of the Flying Dutchman_ series. He also wrote two books of short stories called, _The Ribbajack & Other Curious Yarns_ and _Seven Strange and Ghostly Tales_.

### Redwall series

- _Redwall_ (1986)
- _Mossflower_ (1988)
- _Mattimeo_ (1989)
- _Mariel of Redwall_ (1991)
- _Salamandastron_ (1992)
- _Martin the Warrior_ (1993)
- _The Bellmaker_ (1994)
- _Outcast of Redwall_ (1995)
- _The Pearls of Lutra_ (1996)
- _The Long Patrol_ (1997)
- _Marlfox_ (1998)
- _The Legend of Luke_ (1999)
- _Lord Brocktree_ (2000)
- _The Taggerung_ (2001)
- _Triss_ (2002)
- _Loamhedge_ (2003)
- _Rakkety Tam_ (2004)
- _High Rhulain_ (2005)
- _Eulalia!_ (2007)
- _Doomwyte_ (2008)
- _The Sable Quean_ (2010)
- _The Rogue Crew_ (2011)

### Redwall picture books

- _The Great Redwall Feast_ (1996)
- _A Redwall Winter's Tale_ (2001)
- _Redwall Friend & Foe_ (2000)
- _The Redwall Cookbook_ (2005)

### Castaways of the Flying Dutchman series

- _Castaways of the Flying Dutchman_
- _The Angel's Command_
- _Voyage of Slaves_

## Other websites

- Official Redwall Website
- The Redwall Wiki - A collaborative Redwall information resource

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Brian Jacques
- **image**: Brian Jacques1.jpg
- **image size**: 210px
- **caption**: Jacques in November 2007
- **birth name**: James Brian Jacques
- **birth place**: Liverpool, England
- **death place**: Liverpool, England
- **nationality**: British
- **known for**: _Redwall_ novel series
- **education**: St. John's School
- **occupation**: Writer
- **spouse**: Maureen
- **children**: David
 Marc
- **parents**: James
 Ellen
- **website**: http://www.redwall.org/
Cave Story

is a freeware video game released in 2004 for PC. It was thought of and created over five years by Daisuke Amaya, known by his pseudonym, or art name, Pixel. The game is an action-adventure game, and is similar to the _Castlevania_ and _Metroid_ games. It was first made in Japanese, and was translated to English by the fan translating group, Aeon Genesis.

The island is populated by the Mimiga, a race of sentient, sheep-like beings.

## References

**Notes**

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Daisuke Amaya, Studio Pixel <small>(PC)</small>
Nicalis <small>(Wii, DSi, 3DS, _Cave Story+_)</small>
Nippon Ichi Software, NIS America <small>(_Cave Story 3D_)</small>
- **publisher**: Studio Pixel <small>(PC)</small>
Nicalis <small>(Wii, DSi, 3DS, _Cave Story+_)</small>
Nippon Ichi Software, NIS America <small>(_Cave Story 3D_)</small>
- **genre**: Platform game#Platform-adventure games, Platform-adventure
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer (Switch)
- **designer**: Daisuke Amaya
- **writer**: Daisuke Amaya
- **composer**: Daisuke Amaya (all versions)
Yann van der Cruyssen
Nicklas Nygren (WiiWare, Plus)
Danny Baranowsky
Dustin Kulwicki (3D, Plus) Ridiculon (Switch)
- **title**: Cave Story
- **alt**: A green-haired man approaches a throne upon which sits a demonic crown. A girl and a rectangular monster float above inside bubbles.
Ouest (department)

**Ouest** (English: _West_) is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti. Its capital is Port-au-Prince which is also the capital of the country and its largest city.

With an area of 4,827 km², it is the second largest department in Haiti after the Artibonite Department. It has a population of 2,943,200 (2002). The Gonâve Island (French, _Île de la Gonâve_) is part of this department.

It is bordered to the northwest by the Artibonite Department, to the northeast by the Centre Department. The Gulf of Gonâve is to the west (and to the north of the southern part of the department). It borders the Dominican Republic to the east.

The department is divided into five _arrondissements_:

1. l'Arcahaie
1. Croix-des-Bouquets
1. La Gonâve
1. Léogane
1. Port-au-Prince

## Infobox (settlement)

- **type**: departments of Haiti, department
- **name**: Ouest
- **native name**: Lwès
- **native name lang**: ht
- **image map**: Ouest in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Ouest in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 4982.56
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population total**: 4029705
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Port-au-Prince
- **settlement type**: Departments of Haiti, Department
- **iso code**: HT-OU
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **population urban**: 3397404
- **population rural**: 632301
- **government type**: Departmental Council
Sud (department)

**Sud** (English: _South_) is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti. Its capital is Les Cayes.

## Geography

The _Départment du Sud_ has an area of 2,794 km². It is bordered to the north by the Grand'Anse and Nippes departments, to the east by the Sud-Est Department and by the Caribbean Sea to the west and south.

The _Massiff de la Hotte_, an important Haitian mountain range, runs from west to east along the centre of the department. Because of this, rivers here are short; some of them are Acul du Sud, Torbeck, Ravine du Sud, de l'Ilet, Cavaillon, des Anglais, Port à Piment, Saut Mathurine, de Tiburon.

## Population

The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 621,651 persons: 312,729 men and 308.922 women, with only 109,623 (17.63%) living in cities and towns.

## Administrative division

The department is divided into five _arrondissements_ (like districts) and 18 _communes_ (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
1. Aquin
    1. Aquin
    1. Cavaillon
    1. Saint-Louis-du-Sud
1. Les Cayes
    1. Les Cayes
    1. Camp-Perrin
    1. Chantal
    1. Maniche
    1. Île-à-Vache
    1. Torbeck
1. Les Chardonnières
    1. Les Chardonnières
    1. Les Anglais
    1. Tiburon
1. Les Côteaux
    1. Les Côteaux
    1. Port-à-Piment
    1. Roche-à-Bateau
1. Port-Salut
    1. Port-Salut
    1. Arniquet
    1. Saint-Jean-du-Sud

## Infobox (settlement)

- **type**: departments of Haiti, department
- **name**: Sud
- **native name**: Sid
- **native name lang**: ht
- **image map**: Sud in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Sud in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 2653.60
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population total**: 774976
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Les Cayes
- **settlement type**: Departments of Haiti, Department
- **iso code**: HT-SD
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **population urban**: 176485
- **population rural**: 598491
- **government type**: Departmental Council
Sud-Est (department)

**Sud-Est** (English: _South-East_) is one of the ten departments (French: _départments_, singular _départment_) of Haiti. Its capital is Jacmel.

After the Haitian Revolution, the country was divided into only three departments: Nord, Ouest and Sud. The _Sud-Est_ department was part of the _Sud_ department.

## Geography

The _Départment du Sud-Est_ has an area of 2,023 km². The department is in the Southern Peninsula, also known as the Tiburon Peninsula.

It is bordered to the north by the Ouest Department, to the west by the Sud Department and to the south by the Caribbean Sea. It borders the Dominican Republic to the east.

The _Massif de la Selle_ is the main mountain range in the département and it covers almost all the department except for some small valleys near the coast, as the Jacmel valley. The highest mountain of Haiti, _Pic la Selle_ (2,680 metres), is in the Massif de la Selle.

Rivers are short and they flow into the Caribbean Sea. The most important river is _La Grande Rivière de Jacmel_. Other rivers are _Bainet_, _Belle-Anse_, _des Côtes-de-Fer_, _Gauche_, _de la Gosseline_, _Marigot_ and _Pedernales_; Pedernales marks the border with the Dominican Republic and is common to both countries.

## Population

The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 484,675 persons: 235,187 men and 249,488 women, with 59,642 (12.31%) living in cities and towns. The population density was, in that year, of 240 persons/km².

## Administrative division

The department is divided into three _arrondissements_ (like districts) and 10 _communes_ (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
1. Bainet
    1. Bainet
    1. Côtes-de-Fer
1. Belle-Anse
    1. Anse-à-Pitres
    1. Belle-Anse
    1. Grand-Gosier
    1. Thiotte
1. Jacmel
    1. Cayes Jacmel
    1. Jacmel
    1. La Vallée
    1. Marigot

## Economy

The main economic activity in the department is agriculture, with many very small farms where different crops are grown. On the mountains, coffee is grown.

Fishing is an important activity along the coast.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **type**: departments of Haiti, department
- **name**: Sud-Est
- **native name**: Sidès
- **native name lang**: ht
- **image map**: Sud-Est in Haiti.svg
- **map caption**: Sud-Est in Haiti
- **area total km2**: 2034.10
- **population as of**: 2015
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population total**: 632601
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**:  Haiti
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Jacmel
- **iso code**: HT-SE
- **utc offset1**: -5
- **timezone1**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, Eastern
- **population urban**: 96454
- **population rural**: 536147
- **government type**: Departmental Council
Earth Angel

**Earth Angel** is the name of a 1950s love song by the Penguins. It reached number 1 on the billboard charts in 1954.
Xanten

**Xanten** ( or _Xantum_) () is a historic town in Germany. It is in the Wesel district of the North Rhine-Westphalia state. Xanten is known for the Archaeological Park as well as its medieval picturesque city centre with Xanten Cathedral. About 800,000 tourists visit each year.

Xanten is the only German town whose name begins with "X".

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: XantenBlickVonHees.jpg
- **image coa**: DEU Xanten COA.svg
- **image flag**: Flagge Xanten.svg
- **image plan**: Xanten in WES.svg
- **state**: Nordrhein-Westfalen
- **region**: Düsseldorf Government Region, Düsseldorf
- **district**: Wesel Rural District, Wesel
- **elevation**: 50
- **area**: 72.39
- **population**: 21434
- **stand**: 2009-06-30
- **postal code**: 46509
- **area code**: 0 28 01 und 0 28 04 (Marienbaum)
- **licence**: WES
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 05 1 70 052
- **divisions**: 6 Stadtbezirke
- **mayor**: Thomas Görtz (CDU)
- **party**: CDU
Son House

**Eddie James "Son" House, Jr.** (March 21, 1902 – October 19, 1988) was an American blues singer and guitarist.

## Discography

- _The Complete Library Of Congress Sessions_ (1964) Travelin' Man Cd 02
- _Blues From The Mississippi Delta (W/Short) _ (1964) Folkways 2467
- _The Legendary Son House: Father Of The Delta Blues_ (1965) Columbia 2417
- _In Concert (Oberlin College, 1965) _ Stack-O-Hits 9004
- _Delta Blues (1941-1942) _ Smithsonian 31028
- _Son House & Blind Lemon Jefferson (1926-1941) _ Biograph 12040
- _Son House - The Real Delta Blues (1964-65 Recordings) _ Blue Goose Records 2016
- _Son House & The Great Delta Blues Singers (With Willie Brown,) _ Document Cd 5002
- _Son House At Home : Complete 1969_ Document 5148
- _Son House (Library Of Congress) _ Folk Lyric 9002
- _John The Revelator_ Liberty 83391
- _American Folk Blues Festival '67_ (1 Cut) Optimism Cd 2070
- _Son House - 1965-1969 (Mostly TV Appearances) _ Private Record Pr-01
- _Son House - Father Of The Delta Blues : Complete 1965_ Sony/Legacy Cd 48867
- _Living Legends (1 Cut, 1966) _ Verve/Folkways 3010
- _Real Blues (1 Cut, U Of Chicago, 1964) _ Takoma 7081
- _John The Revelator - 1970 London Sessions_ Sequel Cd 207
- _Great Bluesmen/Newport (2 Cuts, 1965) _ Vanguard Cd 77/78
- _Blues With A Feeling (3 Cuts, 1965) _ Vanguard Cd 77005
- _Son House/Bukka White - Masters Of The Country Blues_ Yazoo Video 500 :
- _Delta Blues And Spirituals_ (1995)
- _In Concert (Live) _ (1996)
- _Live At Gaslight Cafe, 1965_ (2000)
- _New York Central Live_ (2003)
- _Delta Blues (1941-1942) _ (2003) Biograph Cd 118
- _Proper Introduction to Son House_ (2004) Proper (contains everything recorded on years 1930, 1940 & 1941)

## Notes

- information about House's age

## Other websites

- Video clip  of Son House performing

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **background**: solo_singer
- **instrument**: Guitar
- **name**: Edward James "Son" House, Jr.
- **img**: Son House.jpg
- **birth date**: (?)
- **birth place**: Riverton, Mississippi, Riverton, Mississippi, United States, U.S.A.
- **death place**: Detroit, Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, United States, U.S.A.
- **genre**: Delta blues
Country blues
Blues revival
Slide guitar
- **years active**: 1930 - 1974
Biopsy

A **biopsy** is a test in medicine where doctors remove cells and look at them closely under a microscope or do chemical analysis to see whether there is an illness.

## Etymology

_Biopsy_ is a Greek word, from the Greek words **bio** meaning "life" and **opsia** meaning see.
Achern

**Achern** () is a city in Western Baden-Württemberg, Germany.  It is about  southwest of Baden-Baden and  northeast of Offenburg.  Achern is the fourth largest city in the county of Ortenau (Ortenaukreis), after Offenburg, Lahr / Black Forest and Kehl.

## Infobox (german location)

- **name**: Achern
- **art**: City
- **image coa**: DEU Achern COA.svg
- **image photo**: Acherns Nikolauskapelle.jpg
- **image caption**: Saint Nicholas Chapel
- **image plan**: Achern in OG.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **regbzk**: Freiburg (region), Freiburg
- **district**: Ortenaukreis
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08317001
- **area**: 65.24
- **elevation**: 142
- **postal code**: 77841–77855
- **area code**: 07841
- **licence**: OG
- **mayor**: Klaus Muttach
Adelsheim

**Adelsheim** is a small town in northern Baden-Württemberg, about 30 km north of Heilbronn. The state-recognized resort of Adelsheim in the Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis is 1,200-year years old.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Adelsheim-hauptstr2012b.jpg
- **image coa**: Wappen Adelsheim.svg
- **image plan**: Adelsheim in MOS.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Karlsruhe Government Region, Karlsruhe
- **district**: Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis
- **elevation**: 226
- **area**: 43.84
- **population**: 5368
- **stand**: 2013-12-31
- **postal code**: 74740
- **area code**: 06291
- **licence**: MOS, BCH
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08225001
- **mayor**: Klaus Gramlich
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union of Germany, CDU
Aichtal

**Aichtal** (Swabian: _Oechtal_) is a town in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is 18 km south of Stuttgart.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: Aichtal-Groetzingen Burgstrasse.jpg
- **image coa**: Wappen Aichtal.svg
- **image plan**: Aichtal in ES.svg
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Stuttgart
- **district**: Esslingen
- **elevation**: 311
- **area**: 23.64
- **population**: 9665
- **stand**: 2013-12-31
- **postal code**: 72631
- **area code**: 07127
- **licence**: ES
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08 1 16 081
- **divisions**: 3
- **mayor**: Lorenz Kruß