L. Frank Baum

**Lyman Frank Baum** (May 15, 1856 –  May 6, 1919) was an American writer of children's books during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his most famous and popular book, _The Wonderful Wizard of Oz_ (1900), and other _Oz_ books that followed it.

## Early life

Baum was born in a small town in Chittenango, New York. He was a member of a large family. He started writing as a child. When his father bought his children a simple printing press, Baum and a younger brother wrote and printed a small local newspaper. As a young man, Baum wrote and staged plays. Sometimes he wrote songs for his plays and starred in them himself. He also tried many other careers. He was a travelling salesman and  a storekeeper for a time. He started a newspaper while he lived in a town in South Dakota. He married in 1882. He and his wife, Maud Gage Baum, raised four sons. Baum had a very good imagination. He liked creating stories for his young sons and their friends.

## Writing career

When he became 40 years old and was living in Chicago, Baum started writing children's books. These books were often based on the stories he had told to children over many years. After several successes in the late 1890s, Baum published what he called an "American fairy tale," _The Wonderful Wizard of Oz_, in 1900. The book had pictures drawn by the American artist W. W. Denslow. Baum had to pay for the first _Oz_ book himself. No Chicago publisher wanted to publish _The Wonderful Wizard of Oz_. One man even told Baum that if people had wanted to read this kind of book, it would already have been written.

But the first _Oz_ book was a big success. Baum was able to give up other business ideas and make enough money to live on by writing children's books. The children who read his books often wrote to Baum, and asked him to write more about _Oz_. This caused Baum to begin a series of books set in the fantasy land of Oz. In time, Baum grew tired of the series. He tried to end it but his child readers kept demanding that he continue. Baum met their demands through the rest of his life. He wrote 14 _Oz_ books in all. The last two were printed after his death in 1919.

Baum also wrote a large number of books other than the _Oz_ series. He was proudest of his fantasies for children, but he also wrote many other kinds of popular works. He used many pen names for these works.

Baum's children's books were illustrated with pictures by different artists. After the first _Oz_ book, all the rest in the series had pictures by John R. Neill.

## Later life

Baum made a good income from his books. He spent time travelling around the world with his wife. They settled in Hollywood, California, and Baum made movie versions of some of his _Oz_ books. He also produced stage versions of them. But his businesses were not always successful. In time, Baum had to declare bankruptcy. He was smart enough to put his house in his wife's name, so that they did not lose their home in the bankruptcy.

## Baum's _Oz_ books

- _The Wonderful Wizard of Oz_, 1900
- _The Marvelous Land of Oz_, 1904
- _Ozma of Oz_, 1907
- _Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz_, 1908
- _The Road to Oz_, 1909
- _The Emerald City of Oz_, 1910
- _The Patchwork Girl of Oz_, 1913
- _Tik-Tok of Oz_, 1914
- _The Scarecrow of Oz_, 1915
- _Rinkitink in Oz_, 1916
- _The Lost Princess of Oz_, 1917
- _The Tin Woodman of Oz_, 1918
- _The Magic of Oz_, 1919
- _Glinda of Oz_, 1920

## Some other Baum fantasies

- _The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus_, 1902
- _The Enchanted Island of Yew_, 1903
- _Queen Zixi of Ix_, 1905
- _John Dough and the Cherub_, 1906
- _The Sea Fairies_, 1912
- _Sky Island_, 1913

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: L. Frank Baum
- **alias**: George Brooks, Louis F. Baum, Laura Bancroft, Suzanne Metcalf, Capt. Hugh Fitzgerald, Schuyler Staunton, Edith Van Dyne, Floyd Akers, John Estes Cooke
- **image**: l_frank_baum.jpg
- **caption**: L. Frank Baum circa 1901
- **birth place**: Chittenango, New York, Chittenango, New York (state), New York
- **death place**: Hollywood, California
- **occupation**: Writer, Newspaper, Newspaper editor, Actor, Screenwriter, Producer, movie Producer
- **spouse**: Maud Matilda Joslyn Gage, Gage
- **children**: Frank Joslyn Baum
Robert Stanton Baum
Harry Neal Baum
Kenneth Gage Baum