Mannheim

**Mannheim** (;  or ) is a city in the southwest of Germany. It is in the northwest of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The city was built in the Rhine River valley where the Rhine and the Neckar Rivers meet. The city of Ludwigshafen is on the opposite bank of the Rhine. Mannheim and Ludwigshafen together with Heidelberg and other cities make a big area called "Rhine-Neckar-Area" or "Rhein-Neckar Triangle". Nearly 2.4 million people live in this area.

As of 2020, 309,720 people live in the city. Mannheim is the biggest city in "Rhine-Neckar-Area". It has an oceanic climate (_Cfb_ in the Koeppen climate classification).

Mannheim has universities. The city has a history of important transport inventions. The first automobile, tractor and bicycle (draisine or velocipede, as the earliest recognisable bicycles were called) were all made or presented for the first time in Mannheim. This is why the city is also called the "city of inventions". The _Forbes_ magazine ranked Mannheim 11th of the most inventive cities worldwide.

During World War II almost all of the old city was destroyed. The houses were built again after the war. Year 2007 was the city's 400th birthday.

Mannheim is now an important city because of its business power and culture. The _New Economy Magazine_ praised Mannheim's positive economic and innovative environment.

It has very good transport connections, by road, rail and water.

## Demographics

The following list shows significant groups of foreigners by nationalities. 44,7% of all Mannheim inhabitants are from foreign descent. The population of Neckarstadt-West district is the most foreign (68.9%). The population of the Wallstadt district is the least foreign (23,1%).

|style="background:#efefef;"|Rank|style="background:#efefef;"|Nationality|style="background:#efefef;"|Population (31 December 2020)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|Turkey|15,779 (5.12%)||||
|2|Italy|8,165 (2.65%)||||
|3|Bulgaria|6,997 (2.27%)||||
|4|Poland|6,595 (2.14%)||||
|5|Romania|5,663 (1.83%)||||
|6|Croatia|4,565 (1.48%)||||
|7|Greece|3,341 (1.08%)||||
|8|Spain|1,754 (0.56%)||||
|9|Bosnia and Herzegovina|1,680 (0.54%)||||
|10|Syria|1,642 (0.53%)||||
|11|India|1,541 (0.5%)||||
|12|Hungary|1,341 (0.43%)||||
|13|France|1,266 (0.41%)||||
|14|Kosovo|1,164 (0.37%)||||
|15|Serbia|1,023 (0.33%)||||
|16|China|1,022 (0.33%)||||
|18|United States|933 (0.30%)||||
|19|Yugoslavia|876 (0.28%)||||
|20|Iraq|831 (0.27%)||||

## Economy

Mannheim had a gross domestic product (GDP) of €20.921 billion in 2018. This makes it 17th on the list of German cities by GDP.

It is the economic centre of the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region. This is one of Germany's most important business locations.

## Sister cities

Mannheim is twinned with:
- Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Chişinău, Moldova
- Haifa, Israel
- Klaipėda, Lithuania
- Swansea, Wales
- Toulon, France
- Ulan Ude, Russia
- Windsor, Canada
- Zhenjiang, China

## Other websites

- Official website
- Official tourism website
- Literature from and about Mannheim in the German National Library
- Parks in Mannheim
- Mannheim in Britannica.com
- U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim homepage
- The Mannheim Heritage of World Cultures

## Infobox (german location)

- **art**: City
- **wappen**: Wappen Mannheim.svg
- **image flag**: Mannheim-Flagge.svg
- **bundesland**: Baden-Württemberg
- **regierungsbezirk**: Karlsruhe
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08222000
- **landkreis**: urban
- **höhe**: 97
- **fläche**: 144.96
- **einwohner**: 294627
- **stand**: 2012-12-31
- **plz**: 68001 – 68309
- **vorwahl**: 0621
- **kfz**: MA
- **bürgermeister**: Peter Kurz
- **bürgermeistertitel**: Lord Mayor
- **partei**: SPD