juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bianca (moon)

**Bianca** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on 1986-01-23, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 9**. It was named after the sister of Katherine in Shakespeare's play _The Taming of the Shrew_. It is also designated **Uranus VIII**.

Bianca belongs to Portia Group of moons, which also includes Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties. Other than its orbit, radius of 27 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Bianca appears as a stretched object, the major axis pointing towards Uranus. The ratio of axises of the Bianca's prolate spheroid is 0.7 ± 0.2. Its surface is grey in color.

## Other websites

- Bianca Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Bianca
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Bradford A. Smith / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 23, 1986
- **mean orbit radius**: 59,165.550 ± 0.045 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00092 ± 0.000118
- **period**: 0.434578986 ± 0.000000022 d
- **inclination**: 0.19308 ± 0.054° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 64 × 46 × 46 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 27 ± 2 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~8300 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~71,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~9.2 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ (assumed)
- **surface grav**: ~0.0086 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.022 km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Cressida (moon)

**Cressida** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on 1986-01-09, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 3**. It was named after the Trojan daughter of Calchas, a tragic heroine who appears in William Shakespeare's play _Troilus and Cressida_ (as well as in tales by Geoffrey Chaucer and others). It is also designated **Uranus IX**.

Cressida belongs to Portia Group of moons, which also includes Bianca, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties. Other than its orbit, radius of 41 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Cressida appears as a stretched object, the major axis pointing towards Uranus. The ratio of axes of Cressida's prolate spheroid is 0.8 ± 0.3. Its surface is grey in color.

## Other websites

- Cressida Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Cressida
- **caption**: Voyager 2 image of the Uranian moons Portia (moon), Portia, Cressida, and Ophelia (moon), Ophelia
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Stephen P. Synnott / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 9, 1986
- **mean orbit radius**: 61,766.730 ± 0.046 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00036 ± 0.00011
- **period**: 0.463569601 ± 0.000000013 d
- **inclination**: 0.006 ± 0.040° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 92 × 74 × 74 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 41 ± 2 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~20,000 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~260,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~3.4 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ (assumed)
- **surface grav**: ~0.013 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.034 km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Desdemona (moon)

**Desdemona** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on 1986-01-13, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 6**. Desdemona is named after the wife of Othello in William Shakespeare's play _Othello_. It is also designated **Uranus X**.

Desdemona belongs to Portia Group of moons, which also includes Bianca, Cressida, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties. Unfortunately, other than its orbit, radius of  34 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Desdemona appears as a stretched object, the major axis pointing towards Uranus. The ratio of axises of the Desdemona's prolate spheroid is 0.6 ± 0.3. Its surface is grey in color.

## Other websites

- Desdemona Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Desdemona
- **caption**: Voyager 2 image of the Uranian moon Desdemona
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Stephen P. Synnott / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 13, 1986
- **mean orbit radius**: 62,658.364 ± 0.047 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00013 ± 0.000070
- **period**: 0.473649597 ± 0.000000014 d
- **inclination**: 0.11252 ± 0.037° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 90 × 54 × 54 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 34 ± 4 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~14,500 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~164,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~2.3 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ _assumed_
- **surface grav**: ~0.011 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.027 km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Honeydew (disambiguation)

**Honeydew** could mean:

- Honeydew - The sugary liquid created by some insects
- Honeydew (melon) - A type of melon
- Honeydew, California - An American town
Art Pepper

**Arthur Edward "Art" Pepper, Jr.** (September 1, 1925 – June 15, 1982)  was an American jazz alto saxophonist. He was born in Gardena, California United States. Pepper began his musical career in the 1940s playing with Benny Carter. Along with Chet Baker, Gerry Mulligan, Shelly Manne and others, he performed and recorded a lot of very good music.

Some of his most famous albums are _Art Pepper Meets the Rhythm Section_, _The Aladdin Recordings_ (three volumes), _Art Pepper + Eleven - Modern Jazz Classics_, _Gettin' Together_, and _Smack Up_.

He wrote a book in 1980 called _Straight Life_. The book is about his life and his music. It was very popular because it was honest, and very good. There was also a movie made called _Art Pepper: Notes from a Jazz Survivor_, which is available on DVD.

## Other websites

- The Art Pepper Discography Project
- NPR Interview With Laurie Pepper
- The Art Of Pepper
- Art Pepper on YouTube
- MikeL's Unofficial Art Pepper website
- Art Pepper MySpace Tribute Site

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Art Pepper
- **img**: Art_Pepper.jpg
- **img capt**: Art Pepper in 1979, Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Arthur Edward Pepper, Jr.
- **origin**: Gardena, California
- **instrument**: Alto Saxophone
Tenor Saxophone
Soprano Saxophone
Clarinet
- **genre**: jazz
- **occupation**: Saxophone, Saxophonist
Squash (sport)

**Squash** is a sport in which two players hit a ball with a racket (or _Racquet_). The aim of the game is to beat the other player by hitting the front wall and making the ball bounce twice on the floor before they can hit their turn, or for them to hit the ball out of play.

### The ball

The ball is made of rubber. It is hollow. When it is warm (due to being hit many times) it bounces more. Balls are marked with different coloured dots. They are made to bounce at different speeds depending on the colour of the dots. Balls with two yellow dots are slow, while balls with one yellow dot are a little bit faster. Balls with green or white dots are average. Balls with red or blue dots are fast.

### The racket

The racket (or _Racquet_) is similar to a tennis racket, but it's lighter and smaller.The specifications have changed over the years and now the rackets are becoming larger.  The limit for racquet head size is 500 square centimeters.

### The Rules

Squash games are played to at least 11 points, and the winning player must win by two points.  Games can go on indefinitely until one player gains a two-point lead.  Matches are won by the first player to win three games (best of five games).  A point is scored when a player hits a shot which strikes the front wall of the court and then bounces twice before that player's opponent hits it to the front wall.  A point is also scored when a player hits the ball too high (called "out") or too low on the front wall (when it will hit the tin, which rises 18 inches off the floor on the front wall).  Every point is started with a serve, which must be hit from one of the small service boxes on either side of the court, must hit the front wall above the service line across the middle of the front wall, and must land in the back quarter of the court on the opposite side from where the serve was hit.

If one player gets in the way of the other who is trying to get to the ball, that player can ask the referee for a "let," which results in the point being replayed.  If a player prevents the other player from swinging at the ball, creating a dangerous situation, that player can appeal for a "stroke," which results in the player who could not safely hit the ball winning the point.  If the referee feels that the swinging player could not have reached the ball, or did not make every effort to get to it, then the referee can award "no let," which means that the point ends as it would have had no one asked for a let or stroke.

## Famous players

Squash was played by Jahangir Khan who had dominated it for 25 years. He had beat Rodney Martin from Australia 15-5, 15-8, and 15-10 in the final round. He can be considered the #1 squash player.  Currently, the most top players come from either Egypt (Ramy Ashour, Mohammed El Shorbagy, Amr Shabana) or England (Nick Matthew, James Willstrop, Deryl Selby, Peter Barker).

## Other websites

- World Squash Federation
Juliet (moon)

**Juliet** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on 1986-01-03, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 2**. It is named after the heroine of William Shakespeare's play _Romeo and Juliet_. It is also designated **Uranus XI**.

Juliet belongs to Portia Group of moons, which also includes Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties. Unfortunately, other than its orbit, radius of  53 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Juliet appears as a stretched object, the major axis pointing towards Uranus. The ratio of axises of the Juliet's prolate spheroid is 0.5 ± 0.3, which is rather an extreme value. Its surface is grey in color.

## Other websites

- Juliet Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Juliet
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Stephen P. Synnott / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 3, 1986
- **semimajor**: 64,358.222 ± 0.048 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00066 ± 0.000087
- **period**: 0.493065490 ± 0.000000012 d
- **inclination**: 0.06546 ± 0.040° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 150 × 74 × 74 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 53 ± 4 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~35,000 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~632,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~8.2 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ _assumed_
- **surface grav**: ~0.016 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.040 km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Low Saxon

**Low Saxon** or **Lower Saxon** may refer to:

## Geography

- Lower Saxony, a State in the Federal Republic of Germany
- Lower Saxony, the name for the duchy Saxe-Lauenburg between the 14th and 17th centuries
- Lower Saxon Circle, a territory of the Holy Roman Empire, which existed from 1500 to 1806

## Linguistics

- Low German, an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language
    - West Low German, a group of Low German dialects spoken in the Netherlands, Lower Saxony and most of Schleswig-Holstein
        - Northern Low Saxon, the dialect spoken in the Northern parts of the Low Saxon language area
        - Dutch Low Saxon, a group of West Low German dialects recognized as a minority language by the European Union

## Other uses

- Lower Saxon cuisine, a range of regional North German culinary traditions
- Lower Saxon house, a type of German timber-framed house
- Lower Saxon Landtag, the Parliament of Lower Saxony
- Lower Saxon Mill Road, a holiday route that guides visitors to windmills and watermills in Lower Saxony

## Related pages

- Old Saxony, the larger region of which Lower Saxony is a part
- Upper Saxon, a Central German dialect
- Upper Saxony, historic lands in Central Germany
Project Runway

***Project Runway*** is a reality television series where clothing designers compete. It is shown on the Bravo network. The winner of the first season was Jay McCarroll. The winner of the second season was Chloe Dao. The winner of the third season was Jeffrey Sebelia.

## Season 11

Contestants
- Emily Pollard
- James Martinez
- Cindy Marlatt
- Joseph Aaron Segal
- Matthew Arthur
- Benjamin Mach
- Tu Suitwat Nakchat
- Kate Pankoke
- Amanda Valentine
- Samantha Black
- Richard Hallmarq
- Layana Aguliar
- Daniel Esquivel
- Stanley Hudson
- Patricia Michaels
- Michelle Lesniak Franklin

### Episodes

1.
- Best: Daniel Esquivel
- Worst: Cindy Marlatt & Emily Pollard
- Eliminated: Emily Pollard

2.
- Best: Layana Aguliar
- Worst: Cindy Marlatt & James Martinez
- Eliminated: James Martinez

3.
- Best: Daniel Esquivel
- Worst: Cindy Marlatt & Benjamin Mach
- Eliminated: Cindy Marlatt

4.
- Best: Samantha Black
- Worst: Joseph Aaron Segal & Amanda Valentine
- Eliminated: Joseph Aaron Segal

5.
- Best: Richard Hallmarq
- Worst: Michelle Lesniak Franklin, Daniel Esquivel & Matthew Arthur
- Eliminated: Matthew Arthur

6.
- Best: Stanley Hudson
- Worst: Benjamin Mach & Amanda Valentine
- Eliminated: Benjamin Mach

7.
- Best: Michelle Lesniak Franklin
- Eliminated: Kate Pankoke & Tu Suithwat Nakchat

8.
- Best: None
- Worst: Richard Hallmarq & Amanda Valentine
- Eliminated: Amanda Valentine

9.
- Best: Michelle Lesniak Franklin
- Worst: Samantha Black & Richard Hallmarq
- Eliminated: Samantha Black

10.
- Best: Stanley Hudson
- Worst: Patricia Michaels & Richard Hallmarq
- Eliminated: Richard Hallmarq

11.
- Best: Stanley Hudson
- Worst: Patricia Michaels & Michelle Lesniak Franklin
- Eliminated: None

12.
- Best: None
- Worst: Patricia Michaels & Layana Aguliar
- Eliminated: Layana Aguliar

13.
- Best: None
- Worst: Daniel Esquivel & Stanley Hudson
- Eliminated: Daniel Esquivel

14.
- Winner: Michelle Lesniak Franklin
- Runners-up: Patricia Michaels & Stanley Hudson

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Project Runaway
- **runtime**: 60 minutes (including advertisement, commercials)
- **company**: Miramax Television(Season 1-9 Only)
Full Picture Productions(Season 1-16 Only)
Magic Elves Productions(Season 2-19 Only)
The Weinstein Company Television (Season 2-16 Only)
Heidi Plum Productions (Season 2-16 Only)
Bunim/Murray Productions(Season 6-16 Only)
Lantern Entertainment (Season 17- Only)
Spyglass Media Group (Season 17- Only)
Alfred Street Industries (Season 18-19 Only)
- **creator**: Eli Holzman
- **starring**: Heidi Klum, Tim Gunn
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **network**: Bravo (television network), Bravo
- **network2**: Lifetime (Television Network), Lifetime
- **network3**: Bravo (Television Network), Bravo
- **network4**: Freeform
- **last aired4**: Present
- **num seasons**: 20
- **num episodes**: 251
Lommis

**Lommis** is a municipality in Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Lommis
- **municipality name**: Lommis
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Lommis-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Lommis.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Münchwilen (district), Münchwilen
- **postal code**: 9506
- **municipality code**: 4741
- **area**: 8.6
- **elevation**: 475
- **population**: 1059
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.lommis.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Affeltrangen, Bettwiesen, Stettfurt, Thundorf, Thurgau, Thundorf, Tobel-Tägerschen, Wängi
Mammern

**Mammern** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in  Switzerland.

It is by the Lake Constance. It has a population of 560 people.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Mammern
- **municipality name**: Mammern
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Mammern-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8265
- **municipality code**: 4826
- **area**: 5.5
- **elevation**: 400
- **population**: 562
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.mammern.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Eschenz, Herdern, Homburg, Hüttwilen, Öhningen (DE-BW), Steckborn
Märstetten

**Märstetten** is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Märstetten
- **municipality name**: Märstetten
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Märstetten-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Weinfelden (district), Weinfelden
- **postal code**: 8560
- **municipality code**: 4941
- **area**: 9.9
- **elevation**: 425
- **population**: 2340
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.maerstetten.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Amlikon-Bissegg, Kemmental, Weinfelden, Wigoltingen
Matzingen

**Matzingen** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Matzingen
- **municipality name**: Matzingen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Matzingen COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 9548
- **municipality code**: 4591
- **area**: 7.7
- **elevation**: 450
- **population**: 2405
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.matzingen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aadorf, Frauenfeld, Stettfurt, Thundorf, Switzerland, Thundorf, Wängi
Müllheim, Switzerland

**Müllheim** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in  Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Müllheim
- **municipality name**: Müllheim
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Müllheim-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8555
- **municipality code**: 4831
- **area**: 8.7
- **elevation**: 413
- **population**: 2536
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.muellheim.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Amlikon-Bissegg, Homburg, Switzerland, Homburg, Hüttlingen, Switzerland, Hüttlingen, Pfyn, Wigoltingen
Münsterlingen

**Münsterlingen** is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Münsterlingen
- **municipality name**: Münsterlingen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Münsterlingen-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Kreuzlingen (district), Kreuzlingen
- **postal code**: 8596, 8597
- **municipality code**: 4691
- **area**: 5.4
- **elevation**: 405
- **population**: 2459
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.muensterlingen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Altnau, Bottighofen, Constance (_Konstanz_) (DE-BW), Güttingen, Hagnau am Bodensee (DE-BW), Langrickenbach, Lengwil, Meersburg (DE-BW), Stetten, Baden-Württemberg, Stetten (DE-BW)
Neunforn

**Neunforn** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Neunforn
- **municipality name**: Neunforn
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Neunforn-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8525
- **municipality code**: 4601
- **area**: 11.4
- **elevation**: 460
- **population**: 944
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.neunforn.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Altikon (ZH), Hüttwilen, Oberstammheim (ZH), Ossingen (ZH), Thalheim an der Thur (ZH), Uesslingen-Buch, Waltalingen (ZH)
Pfyn

**Pfyn** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in  Switzerland.

## Related pages

- Nature parks in Switzerland

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Pfyn
- **municipality name**: Pfyn
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: Pfyn.JPG
- **imagepath coa**: Pfyn-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8505
- **municipality code**: 4841
- **area**: 13.18
- **elevation**: 411
- **population**: 1898
- **populationof**: December 2007
- **popofyear**: 2007
- **website**: www.pfyn.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Felben-Wellhausen, Herdern, Homburg, Switzerland, Homburg, Hüttlingen, Switzerland, Hüttlingen, Müllheim, Switzerland, Müllheim, Warth-Weiningen
Raperswilen

**Raperswilen** is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Raperswilen
- **municipality name**: Raperswilen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Raperswilen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Raperswilen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Kreuzlingen (district), Kreuzlingen
- **postal code**: 8558
- **municipality code**: 4846
- **area**: 7.7
- **elevation**: 582
- **population**: 408
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.raperswilen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Berlingen, Switzerland, Berlingen, Ermatingen, Homburg, Switzerland, Homburg, Salenstein, Steckborn, Wäldi, Wigoltingen
Rickenbach, Thurgau

**Rickenbach** is a municipality of the district of Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rickenbach
- **municipality name**: Rickenbach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Rickenbach TG-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rickenbach_TG.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Münchwilen (district), Münchwilen
- **postal code**: 9532
- **municipality code**: 4751
- **area**: 1.6
- **elevation**: 550
- **population**: 2400
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.rickenbach-tg.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Jonschwil (SG), Kirchberg, St. Gallen, Kirchberg (SG), Wil, St. Gallen, Wil (SG), Wilen
Roggwil, Thurgau

**Roggwil** is a municipality of the district of Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Roggwil
- **municipality name**: Roggwil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Roggwil TG-coat of arms.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Arbon (district), Arbon
- **postal code**: 9325
- **municipality code**: 4431
- **area**: 11.9
- **elevation**: 440
- **population**: 2736
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.roggwil-tg.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Arbon, Berg, St. Gallen, Berg (SG), Egnach, Häggenschwil (SG), Wittenbach (SG)
Romanshorn

**Romanshorn** is a municipality of the district of Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Romanshorn
- **municipality name**: Romanshorn
- **municipality type**: Gemeinde
- **imagepath coa**: Wappen Romanshorn.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Romanshorn.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Arbon (district), Arbon
- **postal code**: 8590
- **municipality code**: 4436
- **area**: 8.7
- **elevation**: 406
- **population**: 9419
- **populationof**: December 2006
- **popofyear**: 2006
- **website**: www.romanshorn.ch
- **mayor**: Norbert Senn
- **neighboring municipalities**: Friedrichshafen (DE-BY), Hefenhofen, Immenstaad am Bodensee (DE-BY), Salmsach, Uttwil
Franconian Dialect

The **Franconian Dialect** () is a dialect, which is spoken in Flanders and French Flanders, the Netherlands (except the northeast), Luxembourg, the western central part of Germany and bordering France.
Tübingen

**Tübingen** is a city in the German state Baden-Württemberg. It has about 83,000 people (2007). Tübingen is a traditional university town. About one in ten people living in Tübingen is a student.

## History

Between 1470 and 1483, St. George's Collegiate Church was built. The collegiate church offices provided the opportunity for what soon afterwards became the most significant event in Tübingen's history: the founding of the Eberhard Karls University by Duke Eberhard im Bart of Württemberg in 1477, thus making it one of the oldest universities in Central Europe. The University of Tübingen became soon renowned as one of the most influential places of learning in the Holy Roman Empire, especially for theology. A Protestant faculty, Tübinger Stift, was established in 1535 in the former Augustinian monastery.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **image photo**: TuebingenAltstadt.jpg
- **image caption**: Tübingen Altstadt from the Stiftskirche (Tübingen), Stiftskirche bell tower in July 2007.
- **image coa**: Wappen Tuebingen.svg
- **image plan**: Karte Tübingen.png
- **state**: Baden-Württemberg
- **region**: Tübingen
- **district**: Tübingen
- **elevation**: 341
- **area**: 108.12
- **population**: 87540
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 72001–72099
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08416041
- **area code**: 07071
07073 <small>(Unterjesingen)</small>
07472 <small>(Bühl)</small>
- **licence**: TÜ
- **website**: [https://www.tuebingen.de/ www.tuebingen.de]
- **mayor**: Boris Palmer
- **bürgermeistertitel**: Oberbürgermeister
- **party**: Green
Salenstein

**Salenstein** is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in  Switzerland.

Salenstein was the home village of Napoleon III who passed there his youth at Castle Arenenberg.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Salenstein
- **municipality name**: Salenstein
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Salenstein-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Salenstein.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Kreuzlingen (district), Kreuzlingen
- **postal code**: 8268
- **municipality code**: 4851
- **area**: 6.6
- **elevation**: 400
- **population**: 1212
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.salenstein.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Berlingen, Switzerland, Berlingen, Ermatingen, Gaienhofen (DE-BW), Raperswilen, Reichenau (DE-BW)
Salmsach

**Salmsach** is a municipality of the district of Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Salmsach
- **municipality name**: Salmsach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Salmsach-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Arbon (district), Arbon
- **postal code**: 8599
- **municipality code**: 4441
- **area**: 2.6
- **elevation**: 400
- **population**: 1327
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.salmsach.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Amriswil, Egnach, Friedrichshafen (DE-BY), Hefenhofen, Romanshorn
Schlatt bei Diessenhofen

**Schlatt bei Diessenhofen** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Schlatt bei Diessenhofen
- **municipality name**: Schlatt bei Diessenhofen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Schlatt TG-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 8252
- **municipality code**: 4546
- **area**: 15.5
- **elevation**: 416
- **population**: 1525
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.schlatt.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Basadingen-Schlattingen, Büsingen am Hochrhein (DE-BW), Dachsen (ZH), Diessenhofen, Feuerthalen (ZH), Trüllikon (ZH), Truttikon (ZH)
Schönholzerswilen

**Schönholzerswilen** is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official homepage

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Schönholzerswilen
- **municipality name**: Schönholzerswilen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Schönholzerswilen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Schönholzerswilen 2011.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Weinfelden (district), Weinfelden
- **postal code**: 8577
- **municipality code**: 4756
- **area**: 10.9
- **elevation**: 555
- **population**: 731
- **populationof**: December 2004
- **popofyear**: 2004
- **website**: www.schoenholzerswilen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Braunau, Switzerland, Braunau, Bürglen, Thurgau, Bürglen, Bussnang, Kradolf-Schönenberg, Wuppenau
Bong

A **bong** or a **water pipe** is a special pipe. When a person smokes with a bong, they pull the smoke through the water in it. This makes the smoke not as hot. Most often, either tobacco or cannabis are smoked with it.

## Related pages

- Hukah
Sirnach

**Sirnach** is a municipality in Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Sirnach
- **municipality name**: Sirnach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Sirnach COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Sirnach.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Münchwilen (district), Münchwilen
- **postal code**: 8370
- **municipality code**: 4761
- **area**: 12.4
- **elevation**: 545
- **population**: 6620
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.sirnach.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Eschlikon, Fischingen, Switzerland, Fischingen, Kirchberg, St. Gallen, Kirchberg (SG), Münchwilen, Thurgau, Münchwilen, Wil, St. Gallen, Wil (SG), Wilen
- **twintowns**: Helvécia (Hungary)
Sommeri

**Sommeri** is a municipality in Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Sommeri
- **municipality name**: Sommeri
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Sommeri-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Arbon (district), Arbon
- **postal code**: 8580
- **municipality code**: 4446
- **area**: 4.2
- **elevation**: 465
- **population**: 500
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.sommeri.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Amriswil, Erlen, Güttingen, Hefenhofen, Kesswil, Langrickenbach
Stettfurt

**Stettfurt** is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Stettfurt
- **municipality name**: Stettfurt
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Stettfurt-blazon.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Frauenfeld (district), Frauenfeld
- **postal code**: 9507
- **municipality code**: 4606
- **area**: 6.4
- **elevation**: 475
- **population**: 1062
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.stettfurt.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Lommis, Matzingen, Thundorf, Switzerland, Thundorf, Wängi
Sulgen

**Sulgen** is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Sulgen
- **municipality name**: Sulgen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Sulgen-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Sulgen 2011.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Thurgau
- **iso-code-region**: CH-TG
- **district**: Weinfelden (district), Weinfelden
- **postal code**: 8583
- **municipality code**: 4506
- **area**: 9.1
- **elevation**: 460
- **population**: 3402
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **popofyear**: 2005
- **website**: www.sulgen.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Birwinken, Bürglen, Thurgau, Bürglen, Erlen, Hohentannen, Kradolf-Schönenberg
Portia (moon)

**Portia** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on 1986-01-03, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 1**. The moon is named after Portia, the heroine of William Shakespeare's play _The Merchant of Venice_. It is also designated **Uranus XII**.

Portia is the second biggest closer moon of Uranus after Puck. The Portian orbit, which lies inside Uranus' synchronous orbital radius, is slowly shrinking due to tidal deceleration. The moon will one day either break up into a planetary ring or hit Uranus.

It heads a group of moons called **Portia Group**, which includes Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties.

Little is known about Portia beyond its size of about 140 km, orbit, and geometric albedo of about 0.08.

In the Voyager 2 images, Portia appears as a stretched object whose major axis points towards Uranus. The ratio of axises of the Portia's prolate spheroid is 0.8 ± 0.1. Its surface is grey in color. Observations with Hubble Space Telescope and large terrestrial telescopes found water ice absorption features in the spectrum of Portia.

## Other websites

- Portia Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Portia
- **image**: Uranus-Portia-Cressida-Ophelia-NASA.gif
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Stephen P. Synnott / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 3, 1986
- **semimajor**: 66,097.265 ± 0.050 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00005 ± 0.00008
- **period**: 0.5131959201 ± 0.0000000093 d
- **inclination**: 0.05908 ± 0.039° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 156 × 126 × 126 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 70 ± 4 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~57,000 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~1,300,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~1.7 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ (assumed)
- **surface grav**: ~0.023 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.058 km/s km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Ragıp Zarakolu

**Ragıp Zarakolu** (born 1948) is a Turkish publisher who has long faced legal problems for publishing books on controversial things in Turkey, especially on minority and human rights in Turkey.

## Biography

Ragıp Zarakolu was born in 1948 on the island of Büyükada close to Istanbul. His father, Remzi Zarakolu, was the district governor on that island. Ragıp Zarakolu grew up with members of the Greek and Armenian minority in Turkey and began writing for "Ant" and "Yeni Ufuklar" magazines in 1968.

In 1971, the Turkish government was overthrown. Ragıp Zarakolu was tried on charges of secret relations to Amnesty International. He spent five months in prison before being declared innocent. In 1972, he was sentenced to 2 years in prison for his paragraph in the journal _Ant_ (Oath) on _Ho Chi Minh and the Vietnam War_. He stayed in Selimiye Prison (in Istanbul) and was set free in 1974 after a general amnesty. On his release Zarakolu refused to abandon his work for freedom of thought, because he wanted different thoughts and cultures to be available in Turkey.

The Belge Publishing House, established in Istanbul in 1977 by Zarakolu and his wife Ayşenur, has been a focus for Turkish censorship laws ever since. The couple were imprisoned and the books confiscated and destroyed.

In 1979, he was one of the founders of the daily newspaper _Demokrat_ and took responsibility for the news desk on foreign affairs. The paper was banned and Ragıp Zarakolu was imprisoned in 1982 because of his link to _Demokrat_. He was banned from leaving the country between 1971 and 1991. In 1986, he became one of 98 starters of the Human Rights Association in Turkey.  For some time he chaired the Writers in Prison Committee of International PEN in Turkey. In 2007, he chaired the Committee for Freedom of Publication in the Union of Publishers.

Until the military coup of 12 September 1980, _Belge_ Publishing House mostly published academic and theoretical books. Afterwards _Belge_ started to publish books written by political prisoners. The series of 35 books consisted of poems, shorts stories, and novels. This  includes more than 10 translations of Greek literature, 10 books on the Armenian Question and five books related to the Jews in Turkey. There are also a number of books dealing with the Kurds in Turkey.

He also published several books on the Armenian Genocide – such as George Jerjian's book _History Will Free All of Us/Turkish-Armenian Conciliation_ and Professor Dora Sakayan's _An Armenian Doctor in Turkey: Garabed Hatcherian: My Smyrna Ordeal of 1922_ – which brought new criminal charges in 2005.

In 1995, the Belge Publishing House offices were firebombed, forcing it to be housed in a cellar. Since his wife's death in 2002, Zarakolu continues to face further prosecutions.

## References

- International PEN calls for an end to publisher Ragip Zarakolu's trials  - IFEX
- Page of PEN American Center about honorary member Ragip Zarakolu
- similar page of the English Centre of PEN

Press release / OSCE
- OSCE media freedom representative concerned over legal grounds for trials of publisher and writer in Turkey
Ara Gevorgyan

**Ara Gevorgian (Gevorgyan)** (born April 19, 1960, Yerevan) is an Armenian musician, composer and musical producer. In 2004 he was awarded by the _Honorary Artist of the Republic of Armenia_ title by the President Robert Kocharyan.

## Biography

Gevorgian is the son of well-known Armenian folk-singer Valya Samvelyan. He studied at #31 school of Yerevan and at the A. Tigranyan musical school at the same time. During the two years he studied at Yerevan #8 college of Fine Arts. From 1983 to 1987 he studied at Armenian pedagogical institute after Khachatur Abovyan at the faculty of wood wide instruments and pop music department.
In 1987-1989 Gevorgian taught conducting at the same Institute, then he worked at Armenian Television ("3-Aliq" TV program).

In 1983 he founded the "Rally" Armenian pop-rock band, the participant of "Song - 85" festival.

He participated in the Opening Ceremony of the Cultural Year of Armenia in Russia hosted at the Moscow Kremlin Music Hall and honored by the presence of the presidents of Armenia and Russia Robert Kocharyan and Vladimir Putin respectively and the famous singer Charles Aznavour.

Ara Gevorgian co-operates with Jivan Gasparyan, Ian Gillan, Demis Roussos, Pedro Eustache, Daniel Decker and others. Among his most popular songs are "Adana", "Artsakh", "Ov Hayots Ashkharh" and "Ovkyanosits ayn koghm".

## Discography

- 1995 "Ovkianosits Ayn Koghm" (Over the ocean)
- 1997 "Nostalgie"
- 1999 "Ani" (a prize winner of All-Armenian Music Awards in the USA)
- 2001 "Khor Virab" (a prize winner of All-Armenian Music Awards in the USA).

## Other websites

- Ara Gevorgian's Official site
- Gevorgyan at Persons.AM
- Armenian Music Center
Heidi Klum

**Heidi Klum Kaulitz** (born 1 June 1973) is a German american model, actress and singer. She hosts _Project Runway_ and _Germany's Next Top Model_. She also models for _Victoria's Secret_.

## Biography

Heidi was born in Bergisch Gladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Her father was a company leader and her mother was a hair stylist. She won a modelling competition. She beat over 25,000 other people. She got $300,000 from it, and modeled in the United States. She has been on the cover of many magazines. These include _Vogue Magazine_, _Elle_, and _Marie Claire_. She became famous for being in _Sports Illustrated_.

She is now the host and a judge on Project Runway. It is a show where clothing designers compete to win $100,000 to make designs. She had chances to win Emmys for the first three seasons of the show. She also is the primary host of _Germany's Next Topmodel_ and therefore mostly known as a German juror and model.https://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/panorama/tv/gntm-jury-2023-heidi-klum-und-die-gast-juroren-15-6-23-id65393586.html It is similar to _America's Next Top Model_ which is hosted by Tyra Banks.

### Personal life

Heidi married Ric Pipino in 1997. Ric was a hair stylist for famous people. They separated in 2002. After the separation, Klum was with race car businessman Flavio Briatore. She became pregnant with his baby. They separated after he was with another woman. Her daughter was born on 4 May 2004 in New York City. Her name is Helene 'Leni' Klum.

She was in a relationship with Seal, a musician, while pregnant with Leni. They were married 10 May 2005 in Mexico. They have two sons, Henry Günther Ademola Dashtu Samuel, born 12 September 2005 in Los Angeles, California, and Johan Riley Fyodor Taiwo Samuel born 22 November 2006 in Los Angeles. They also have a daughter together named Lou born 9 October 2009.  Seal acts as Leni's father and has adopted her. The couple divorced in 2015.

In February 2019, she married Tokio Hotel guitarist Tom Kaulitz.

## Other websites

- Official Website
- Heidi Klum in the Fashion Model Directory  (FMD)
- Heidi Klum Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue Photo Gallery at SI.com

## Infobox (model)

- **name**: Heidi Klum
- **image**: Heidi Klum by Glenn Francis.jpg
- **caption**: Heidi Klum at the 2019 iHeartRadio Music Awards
- **birth place**: Bergisch Gladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- **eyecolor**: Hazel
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 4
- **agency**: d'management group (Milan)
Ceratosauria

**Ceratosaurs** are a group of theropod dinosaurs. They are defined as "all theropods sharing a more recent common ancestry with _Ceratosaurus_ than with birds".

Ceratosauria includes the Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous theropods _Ceratosaurus_, _Elaphrosaurus_, and _Abelisaurus_, found mainly in the southern hemisphere.

The earlies known Ceratosaur is from the Middle Jurassic of Patagonia, _Eoabelisaurus_. This predates the oldest _certainly known_ known member of the lineage by more than 40 million years. The almost complete skeleton of _Eoabelisaurus_ shows the earliest evolutionary stages of the distinctive  abelisaurid modification of the forelimb.

Originally, Ceratosauria included the above dinosaurs plus the Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic  _Coelophysis_ and _Dilophosaurus_. This implied a much earlier divergence of ceratosaurs from other theropods. However, recent studies have shown that coelophysoids and dilophosaurids do not form a natural group with other ceratosaurs, and so they are excluded from this group.
Rosalind (moon)

**Rosalind** is a closer moon to Uranus. It was found from the images taken by _Voyager 2_ on January 13, 1986, and was given the designation **S/1986 U 4**. It was named after the daughter of the banished Duke in William Shakespeare's play _As You Like It_. It is also designated **Uranus XIII**.

Rosalind belongs to Portia Group of moons, which also includes Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Portia, Juliet, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties. Unfortunately, other than its orbit, radius of  36 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Rosalind appears as an almost spherical object. The ratio of axises of the Rosalind's prolate spheroid is 1.0-0.8. Its surface is grey in color.

## Other websites

- Rosalind Profile  by NASA's Solar System Exploration

## Infobox (planet)

- **name**: Rosalind
- **bgcolour**: #ffc0c0
- **discoverer**: Stephen P. Synnott / _Voyager 2_
- **discovered**: January 13, 1986
- **mean orbit radius**: 69,926.795 ± 0.053 kilometre, km
- **eccentricity**: 0.00011 ± 0.000103
- **period**: 0.558459529 ± 0.000000019 d
- **inclination**: 0.27876 ± 0.045° (to Uranus' equator)
- **satellite of**: Uranus (planet), Uranus
- **dimensions**: 72 × 72 × 72 kilometre, km
- **mean radius**: 36 ± 6 kilometre, km
- **surface area**: ~16,000 square kilometre, km²
- **volume**: ~200,000 cubic kilometre, km³
- **mass**: ~2.5 kilogram, kg
- **density**: ~1.3 g/cm³ _assumed_
- **surface grav**: ~0.012 Acceleration, m/s<sup>2</sup>
- **escape velocity**: ~0.031 km/s
- **rotation**: synchronous
- **axial tilt**: zero
- **albedo**: 0.08 ± 0.01
- **single temperature**: ~64 Kelvin, K
Cupid (moon)

|bgcolor="#ffc0c0" colspan="2"|Discovery|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Mark R. Showalter and Jack J. Lissauer||||
|August 25, 2003||||
|74,392 km||||
|0.0013||||
|0.618 d||||
|0.1° (to Uranus' equator)||||
|Uranus||||
|~18 km _(estimate)_||||
|~1,000 km<sup>2</sup> _(estimate)_||||
|~3,000 km<sup>3</sup> _(estimate)_||||
|~3.8 kg _(estimate)_||||
|~1.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup> _(estimate)_||||
|~0.0031 m/s<sup>2</sup> _(estimate)_||||
|~0.0076 km/s _(estimate)_||||
|synchronous _(assumed)_||||
|zero _(assumed)_||||
|0.07 _(assumed)_||||
|{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0"||||
||~64 K _(estimate)_||}|
|0 kPa||||
**Cupid** is an inner moon (which makes it one of the closer moons) of Uranus. It was found by Mark Showalter and Jack J. Lissauer in 2003 using the Hubble Space Telescope. It was named after a character in William Shakespeare's play _Timon of Athens_.

It is the smallest of the closer Uranian moons, estimated to be only about 18 km in diameter. This and the dark surface made it too dim to be detected by the _Voyager 2_ cameras during its Uranus flyby in 1986.

The orbit of Cupid is only 863 km from the orbit of the bigger moon Belinda. Amazingly, compared to Mab and Perdita, the recently found Uranian moons, it does not seem to be perturbed.

Following its discovery, Cupid was given the designation **S/2003 U 2**. It is also designated **Uranus XXVII**.

It should not be confused with the asteroid 763 Cupido.

## Other websites

- Hubble Uncovers Smallest Moons Yet Seen Around Uranus – Hubble Space Telescope news release (2003-09-25)