juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Reticulum

**Reticulum** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Reticulum
- **abbreviation**: Ret
- **genitive**: Reticuli
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Reticle
- **ra**: 4
- **dec**: −60
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 114
- **arearank**: 82nd
- **numbermainstars**: 4
- **numberbfstars**: 11
- **numberstarsplanets**: 7
- **numberbrightstars**: none
- **numbernearbystars**: none
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Reticuli, α Ret
- **starmagnitude**: 3.33
- **neareststarname**: Zeta2 Reticuli, ζ<sup>2</sup> Reticuli
- **stardistancely**: 39.40
- **stardistancepc**: 12.08
- **numbermessierobjects**: none
- **bordering**: Horologium (constellation), Horologium
Dorado (constellation), Dorado
Hydrus
- **latmax**: 23rd parallel north, 23
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: January
Fornax

**Fornax** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Other websites

- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Fornax
- Starry Night Photography – Fornax Constellation
- The clickable Fornax

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Fornax
- **abbreviation**: For
- **genitive**: Fornacis
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the brazier
- **ra**: 3
- **dec**: −30
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 398
- **arearank**: 41st
- **numbermainstars**: 2
- **numberbfstars**: 27
- **numberstarsplanets**: 7
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 2
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Fornacis, α For
- **starmagnitude**: 3.80
- **neareststarname**: LP 944-20
- **stardistancely**: 16.20
- **stardistancepc**: 4.97
- **numbermessierobjects**: None
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Cetus
Sculptor (constellation), Sculptor
Phoenix (constellation), Phoenix
Eridanus (constellation), Eridanus
- **latmax**: 50th parallel north, 50
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: December
Triangulum

**Triangulum** is a constellation in the northern sky. The former constellation Triangulum Minus was once its own constellation, as a part of Triangulum.

## Deep-sky objects

Triangulum galaxy

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Triangulum
- **abbreviation**: Tri
- **genitive**: Trianguli
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: The Triangle
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: 25.60° to 37.35°
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **quadrant**: NQ1
- **areatotal**: 132
- **arearank**: 78th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 14
- **numberstarsplanets**: 3
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Beta Trianguli, β Tri
- **starmagnitude**: 3.00
- **neareststarname**: Delta Trianguli, δ Tri
- **stardistancely**: 35.29
- **stardistancepc**: 10.82
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Andromeda (constellation), Andromeda
Pisces (constellation), Pisces
Aries (constellation), Aries
Perseus (constellation), Perseus
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 60th parallel south, 60
- **month**: December
Telescopium

**Telescopium** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Telescopium
- **abbreviation**: Tel
- **genitive**: Telescopii
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Telescope
- **ra**: 19
- **dec**: −50
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ4
- **areatotal**: 252
- **arearank**: 57th
- **numbermainstars**: 2
- **numberbfstars**: 13
- **numberstarsplanets**: 0
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 2
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Telescopii, α Tel
- **starmagnitude**: 3.49
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 754
- **stardistancely**: 19.35
- **stardistancepc**: 5.93
- **numbermessierobjects**: none
- **bordering**: Ara (constellation), Ara
Corona Australis
Indus (constellation), Indus
Microscopium (corner)
Pavo (constellation), Pavo
Sagittarius (constellation), Sagittarius
- **latmax**: 40th parallel north, 40
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: August
Chamaeleon

**Chamaeleon** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Chamaeleon
- **abbreviation**: Cha
- **genitive**: Chamaeleontis
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the Chameleon
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
- **family**: Bayer Family, Bayer
- **areatotal**: 132
- **arearank**: 79th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 16
- **numberstarsplanets**: 1
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Chamaeleontis, α Cha
- **starmagnitude**: 4.05
- **neareststarname**: Alpha Chamaeleontis, α Cha
- **stardistancely**: 63.45
- **stardistancepc**: 19.45
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Musca
Carina (constellation), Carina
Volans
Mensa (constellation), Mensa
Octans
Apus
- **latmax**: Equator, 0
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: April
Corona Borealis

**Corona Borealis** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Corona Borealis
- **abbreviation**: CrB
- **genitive**: Coronae Borealis
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: The Northern Crown (headgear), Crown
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
- **family**: Ursa Major Family, Ursa Major
- **areatotal**: 179
- **arearank**: 73rd
- **numbermainstars**: 8
- **numberbfstars**: 24
- **numberstarsplanets**: 4
- **numberbrightstars**: 4
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Coronae Borealis, α CrB (Alphecca or Gemma)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.21
- **neareststarname**: HD 144579
- **stardistancely**: 46.86
- **stardistancepc**: 17.25
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 50th parallel south, 50
- **month**: July
Corona Australis

**Corona Australis** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Corona Australis
- **abbreviation**: CrA
- **pronounce**: or , genitive
- **symbolism**: The Southern Crown (headgear), Crown
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
- **family**: Hercules Family, Hercules
- **areatotal**: 128
- **arearank**: 80th
- **numbermainstars**: 6
- **numberbfstars**: 14
- **numberstarsplanets**: 2
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Coronae Australis, α CrA
- **starmagnitude**: 4.10
- **neareststarname**: HD 166348
- **stardistancely**: 42.26
- **stardistancepc**: 12.96
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: Corona Australids
- **latmax**: 40th parallel north, 40
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: August
Cepheus (constellation)

**Cepheus** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Deep-sky objects

- NGC 6946
- NGC 7538
- Cave nebula
- Iris nebula

## Famous Stars

- Alpha Cephei
- Delta Cephei
- T Cephei

### Red supergiants

- MY Cephei
- Mu Cephei
- V354 Cephei
- RW Cephei
- VV Cephei A and B

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Cepheus
- **abbreviation**: Cep
- **genitive**: Cephei
- **pronounce**: or ;
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Monarch, King/Boast of Cassiopeia, King Cepheus
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **areatotal**: 588
- **arearank**: 27th
- **numbermainstars**: 7
- **numberbfstars**: 43
- **numberstarsplanets**: 1
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 3
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Cephei, α Cep (Alderamin)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.45
- **neareststarname**: Kruger 60
- **stardistancely**: 13.15
- **stardistancepc**: 4.03
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Cygnus (constellation), Cygnus
 Lacerta
 Cassiopeia (constellation), Cassiopeia
Camelopardalis
Draco (constellation), Draco
Ursa Minor
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 10th parallel south, 10
- **month**: November
Cetus

**Cetus** is a constellation in the northern sky.

The most well known star in this constellation is Mira, a red giant.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Cetus
- **abbreviation**: Cet
- **genitive**: Ceti
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the Whale, Shark, or Sea Monster
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **areatotal**: 1231
- **arearank**: 4th
- **numbermainstars**: 14
- **numberbfstars**: 88
- **numberstarsplanets**: 23
- **numberbrightstars**: 2
- **numbernearbystars**: 9
- **brighteststarname**: Beta Ceti, β Cet (Deneb Kaitos)†
- **starmagnitude**: 2.04
- **neareststarname**: Luyten 726-8
- **stardistancely**: 8.73
- **stardistancepc**: 2.68
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **meteorshowers**: October Cetids
Eta Cetids
Omicron Cetids
- **bordering**: Aries (constellation), Aries
Pisces (constellation), Pisces
Aquarius (constellation), Aquarius
Sculptor (constellation), Sculptor
Fornax
Eridanus (constellation), Eridanus
Taurus (constellation), Taurus
- **latmax**: 70th parallel north, 70
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: November
- **notes**: **Note:** †Mira (ο Cet) is magnitude 2.0 at its brightest.
Draco (constellation)

**Draco** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Deep-sky objects

- NGC 5907
- NGC 6503
- NGC 6543
- Tadpole galaxy

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Draco
- **abbreviation**: Dra
- **genitive**: Draconis
- **symbolism**: the Dragon
- **ra**: 17
- **dec**: +65
- **family**: Ursa Major Family, Ursa Major
- **quadrant**: NQ3
- **areatotal**: 1083
- **arearank**: 8th
- **numbermainstars**: 14
- **numberbfstars**: 76
- **numberstarsplanets**: 19
- **numberbrightstars**: 3
- **numbernearbystars**: 7
- **brighteststarname**: Gamma Draconis, γ Dra (Eltanin)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.24
- **neareststarname**: Struve 2398
- **stardistancely**: 11.52
- **stardistancepc**: 3.53
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **meteorshowers**: Draconids
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 15th parallel south, 15
- **month**: July
Grus (constellation)

**Grus** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Grus
- **abbreviation**: Gru
- **genitive**: Gruis
- **pronounce**: , or colloquially ; genitive
- **symbolism**: the Crane (bird), crane
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: −36.31° to −56.39°
- **family**: Bayer Family, Bayer
- **quadrant**: SQ4
- **areatotal**: 366
- **arearank**: 45th
- **numbermainstars**: 7
- **numberbfstars**: 28
- **numberstarsplanets**: 6
- **numberbrightstars**: 3
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Gruis, α Gru (Alnair)
- **starmagnitude**: 1.73
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 832
- **stardistancely**: 16.11
- **stardistancepc**: 4.94
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: none
- **bordering**: Piscis Austrinus
Microscopium
Indus (constellation), Indus
Tucana
Phoenix (constellation), Phoenix
Sculptor (constellation), Sculptor
- **latmax**: 34th parallel north, 34
- **latmin**: 90th parallel south, 90
- **month**: October
Hydrus

**Hydrus** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Hydrus
- **abbreviation**: Hyi
- **genitive**: Hydri
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the water snake
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: −57.85° to −82.06°
- **family**: Bayer Family, Bayer
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 243
- **arearank**: 61st
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 19
- **numberstarsplanets**: 4
- **numberbrightstars**: 2
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Beta Hydri, β Hyi
- **starmagnitude**: 2.82
- **neareststarname**: Beta Hydri, β Hyi
- **stardistancely**: 24.38
- **stardistancepc**: 7.47
- **numbermessierobjects**: none
- **meteorshowers**: none
- **bordering**: Dorado (constellation), Dorado
Eridanus (constellation), Eridanus
Horologium (constellation), Horologium
Mensa (constellation), Mensa
Octans
Phoenix (constellation), Phoenix (corner)
Reticulum
Tucana
- **latmax**: 8th parallel north, 8
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: November
Horologium (constellation)

**Horologium** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Horologium
- **abbreviation**: Hor
- **genitive**: Horologii
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the pendulum clock, Pendulum Clock
- **ra**: 3
- **dec**: −60
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 249
- **arearank**: 58th
- **numbermainstars**: 6
- **numberbfstars**: 10
- **numberstarsplanets**: 2
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Horologii, α Hor
- **starmagnitude**: 3.85
- **neareststarname**: GJ 1061
- **stardistancely**: 11.99
- **stardistancepc**: 3.66
- **numbermessierobjects**: none
- **meteorshowers**: ?????
?????
- **bordering**: Eridanus (constellation), Eridanus
Hydrus
Reticulum
Dorado (constellation), Dorado
Caelum
- **latmax**: 30th parallel north, 30
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: December
Sagitta

**Sagitta** is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for 'arrow'. It is one of the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy and one of the 88 modern constellations defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

## History

Sagitta was called  'the arrow' by the ancient Greeks, and it was one of the 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy. Richard Hinckley Allen proposed that Sagitta could represent the arrow shot by Hercules towards the Stymphalian birds.

## Other info

A black widow pulsar is in the Sagitta constellation.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Sagitta
- **abbreviation**: Sge
- **genitive**: Sagittae
- **pronounce**: _Sagítta,_
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Arrow (weapon), Arrow
- **ra**: 19.8333
- **dec**: +18.66
- **family**: Hercules Family, Hercules
- **quadrant**: NQ4
- **areatotal**: 80
- **arearank**: 86th
- **numbermainstars**: 4
- **numberbfstars**: 19
- **numberstarsplanets**: 2
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Gamma Sagittae, γ Sge
- **starmagnitude**: 3.51
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 745
- **stardistancely**: 28.14
- **stardistancepc**: 8.63
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **bordering**: Vulpecula
Hercules (constellation), Hercules
Aquila (constellation), Aquila
Delphinus (constellation), Delphinus
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 70th parallel south, 70
- **month**: August
Sculptor (constellation)

**Sculptor** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Deep-sky objects

- Cartwheel galaxy
- Silver Coin galaxy

## Other websites

- The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Sculptor
- The clickable Sculptor

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Sculptor
- **abbreviation**: Scl
- **genitive**: Sculptoris
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Sculpture, Sculptor
- **ra**: 0
- **dec**: −30
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 475
- **arearank**: 36th
- **numbermainstars**: 4
- **numberbfstars**: 18
- **numberstarsplanets**: 6
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 2
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Sculptoris, α Scl
- **starmagnitude**: 4.30
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 1
- **stardistancely**: 14.22
- **stardistancepc**: 4.36
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **bordering**: Cetus
 Aquarius (constellation), Aquarius
 Piscis Austrinus
 Grus (constellation), Grus
 Phoenix (constellation), Phoenix
 Fornax
- **latmax**: 50th parallel north, 50
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: November
Scutum

**Scutum** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Stars

- Alpha Scuti
- Beta Scuti
- Delta Scuti
- R Scuti
- Stephenson 2-18, One of the largest stars known.
- UY Scuti, another one of the largest stars known.
- V437 Scuti

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Scutum
- **abbreviation**: Sct
- **genitive**: Scuti
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Scutum (shield), Shield
- **ra**: 18.7
- **dec**: −10
- **family**: Hercules Family, Hercules
- **quadrant**: SQ4
- **areatotal**: 109
- **arearank**: 84th
- **numbermainstars**: 2
- **numberbfstars**: 7
- **numberstarsplanets**: 1
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Scuti, α Scuti
- **starmagnitude**: 3.85
- **neareststarname**: LHS 3398
- **stardistancely**: 41.54
- **stardistancepc**: 12.74
- **numbermessierobjects**: 2
- **meteorshowers**: June Scutids
- **bordering**: Aquila (constellation), Aquila
 Sagittarius (constellation), Sagittarius
Serpens, Serpens Cauda
- **latmax**: 80th parallel north, 80
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: August
- **notes**: **Originally named Scutum Sobiescianum by Johannes Hevelius in 1684**
Serpens

**Serpens** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Serpens
- **abbreviation**: Ser
- **genitive**: Serpentis
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Snake
- **ra**: _Serpens Caput_:  to
_Serpens Cauda_:  to
- **dec**: _Serpens Caput_:  to
_Serpens Cauda_:  to
- **family**: Hercules Family, Hercules
- **areatotal**: _Serpens Caput_: 428 sq. deg.
_Serpens Cauda_: 208 sq. deg.
_Total_: 637
- **arearank**: 23rd
- **numbermainstars**: 11
- **numberbfstars**: 57
- **numberstarsplanets**: 15
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 2
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Serpentis, α Ser (Unukalhai)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.63
- **neareststarname**: GJ 1224
- **stardistancely**: 24.60
- **stardistancepc**: 7.54
- **numbermessierobjects**: 2
- **bordering**: _Serpens Caput:_
Corona Borealis
Boötes
Virgo (constellation), Virgo
Libra (constellation), Libra
Ophiuchus
Hercules (constellation), Hercules

_Serpens Cauda:_
Aquila (constellation), Aquila
Ophiuchus
Sagittarius (constellation), Sagittarius
Scutum
- **latmax**: 80th parallel north, 80
- **latmin**: 80th parallel south, 80
- **month**: July
Musca

**Musca** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Musca
- **abbreviation**: Mus
- **genitive**: Muscae
- **symbolism**: the Fly
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: −64.64° to −75.68°
- **family**: Bayer Family, Bayer
- **quadrant**: SQ3
- **areatotal**: 138
- **arearank**: 77th
- **numbermainstars**: 6
- **numberbfstars**: 13
- **numberstarsplanets**: 3
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Muscae, α Mus
- **starmagnitude**: 2.69
- **neareststarname**: LP 145-141
- **stardistancely**: 15.07
- **stardistancepc**: 4.62
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **latmax**: 10th parallel north, 10
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: May
Pictor

**Pictor** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Pictor
- **abbreviation**: Pic
- **genitive**: Pictoris
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: Easel
- **ra**: 4.53 h ~ 6.85
- **dec**: −43° ~ −64
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ1
- **areatotal**: 247
- **arearank**: 59th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 15
- **numberstarsplanets**: 6
- **numberbrightstars**: none
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Pictoris, α Pic
- **starmagnitude**: 3.30
- **neareststarname**: Kapteyn's Star
- **stardistancely**: 12.77
- **stardistancepc**: 3.92
- **numbermessierobjects**: none
- **meteorshowers**: none
- **bordering**: Caelum
Carina (constellation), Carina
Columba (constellation), Columba
Dorado (constellation), Dorado
Puppis
Volans
- **latmax**: 26th parallel north, 26
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: January
Pyxis

**Pyxis** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Pyxis
- **abbreviation**: Pyx
- **genitive**: Pyxidis
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the compass box
- **ra**: 9
- **dec**: −30
- **family**: Heavenly Waters (astronomy), Heavenly Waters
- **quadrant**: SQ2
- **areatotal**: 221
- **arearank**: 65th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 10
- **numberstarsplanets**: 4
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Pyxidis, α Pyx
- **starmagnitude**: 3.68
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 318
- **stardistancely**: 30.13
- **stardistancepc**: 9.24
- **numbermessierobjects**: None
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Hydra (constellation), Hydra
Puppis
Vela (constellation), Vela
Antlia
- **latmax**: 50th parallel north, 50
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: March
Virgo (constellation)

**Virgo** is a zodiac constellation which lies on the celestial equator. It is between Leo (at west) and Libra (at east).This constellation is large; the constellation is the second biggest constellation you can see on the sky. Legends say Virgo is Astraea.

## Location

Virgo is prominent in the spring sky in the Northern Hemisphere, visible all night in March and April. As the largest zodiac constellation, the Sun takes 44 days to pass through it, longer than any other. From 1990 and until 2062, this will take place from September 16 to October 30. It is located in the third quadrant of the Southern Hemisphere (SQ3) and can be seen at latitudes between +80° and -80°.

The bright star Spica makes it easy to locate Virgo, as it can be found by following the curve of the Big Dipper/Plough to Arcturus in Boötes and continuing from there in the same curve ("follow the arc to Arcturus and speed on to Spica").

Due to the effects of precession, the autumn equinox point lies within the boundaries of Virgo very close to β Virginis. This is one of the two points in the sky where the celestial equator crosses the ecliptic (the other being the vernal equinox point in the constellation of Pisces). From the 18th century to the 4th century BC, the Sun was in Libra on the autumnal equinox, shifting into Virgo thereafter. This point will pass into the neighboring constellation of Leo around the year 2440.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Virgo
- **abbreviation**: Vir
- **genitive**: Virginis
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Virgin
- **ra**: 13
- **dec**: −4
- **family**: Zodiac
- **quadrant**: SQ3
- **areatotal**: 1294
- **arearank**: 2nd
- **numbermainstars**: 9, 15
- **numberbfstars**: 96
- **numberstarsplanets**: 29
- **numberbrightstars**: 3
- **numbernearbystars**: 10
- **brighteststarname**: Spica (α Vir)
- **starmagnitude**: 0.98
- **neareststarname**: Ross 128
- **stardistancely**: 10.94
- **stardistancepc**: 3.35
- **numbermessierobjects**: 11
- **meteorshowers**: Virginids
Mu Virginids
- **bordering**: Boötes
Coma Berenices
Leo (constellation), Leo
Crater (constellation), Crater
Corvus (constellation), Corvus
Hydra (constellation), Hydra
Libra (constellation), Libra
Serpens, Serpens Caput
- **latmax**: 80th parallel north, 80
- **latmin**: 80th parallel south, 80
- **month**: May
Pavo (constellation)

**Pavo** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Pavo
- **abbreviation**: Pav
- **genitive**: Pavonis
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Peafowl, Peacock
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: −56.59° to −74.98°
- **family**: Bayer Family, Bayer
- **quadrant**: SQ4
- **areatotal**: 378
- **arearank**: 44th
- **numbermainstars**: 7
- **numberbfstars**: 24
- **numberstarsplanets**: 6
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 4
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Pavonis, α Pav (Peacock)
- **starmagnitude**: 1.91
- **neareststarname**: SCR 1845-6357
- **stardistancely**: 12.57
- **stardistancepc**: 3.85
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: Delta Pavonids
August Pavonids
- **bordering**: Octans
Apus
Ara (constellation), Ara
Telescopium
Indus (constellation), Indus
- **latmax**: 30th parallel north, 30
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: August
Columba (constellation)

**Columba** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Columba
- **abbreviation**: Col
- **genitive**: Columbae
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the dove
- **ra**: –
- **dec**: –
family = Heavenly Waters (astronomy), Heavenly Waters
- **areatotal**: 270
- **arearank**: 54th
- **numbermainstars**: 5
- **numberbfstars**: 18
- **numberstarsplanets**: 1
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Columbae, α Col (Phact)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.65
- **neareststarname**: Gliese 218
- **stardistancely**: 48.89
- **stardistancepc**: 14.99
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: None
- **bordering**: Lepus (constellation), Lepus
 Caelum
 Pictor
 Puppis
 Canis Major
- **latmax**: 45th parallel north, 45
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: February
Circinus

**Circinus** is a constellation in the southern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Circinus
- **abbreviation**: Cir
- **genitive**: Circini
- **pronounce**: _Círcinus,_
genitive
- **symbolism**: Compass (drafting), Compass
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: −55.43° to −70.62°
- **family**: La Caille Family, La Caille
- **quadrant**: SQ3
- **areatotal**: 93
- **arearank**: 85th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 9
- **numberstarsplanets**: 2
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Circini, α Cir
- **starmagnitude**: 3.19
- **neareststarname**: Alpha Circini, α Cir
- **stardistancely**: 53.50
- **stardistancepc**: 16.40
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: Alpha Circinids (ACI)
- **bordering**: Centaurus
Musca
Apus
Triangulum Australe
Norma (constellation), Norma
Lupus (constellation), Lupus
- **latmax**: 30th parallel north, 30
- **latmin**: South Pole, 90
- **month**: July
Lacerta

**Lacerta** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Lacerta
- **abbreviation**: Lac
- **genitive**: Lacertae
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Lizard
- **ra**: 22.5
- **dec**: +45
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **quadrant**: NQ4
- **areatotal**: 201
- **arearank**: 68th
- **numbermainstars**: 5
- **numberbfstars**: 17
- **numberstarsplanets**: 12
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: α Lac
- **starmagnitude**: 3.76
- **neareststarname**: EV Lacertae
- **stardistancely**: 16.47
- **stardistancepc**: 5.05
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **bordering**: Andromeda (constellation), Andromeda
 Cassiopeia (constellation), Cassiopeia
 Cepheus (constellation), Cepheus
 Cygnus (constellation), Cygnus
 Pegasus (constellation), Pegasus
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 40th parallel south, 40
- **month**: October
Pegasus (constellation)

**Pegasus** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Pegasus
- **abbreviation**: Peg
- **genitive**: Pegasi
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Winged Horse / Pegasus
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: +2.33° to +36.61°
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **quadrant**: NQ4
- **areatotal**: 1121
- **arearank**: 7th
- **numbermainstars**: 9, 17
- **numberbfstars**: 88
- **numberstarsplanets**: 12
- **numberbrightstars**: 5
- **numbernearbystars**: 3
- **brighteststarname**: Epsilon Pegasi, ε Peg (Enif)
- **starmagnitude**: 2.38
- **neareststarname**: EQ Pegasi, EQ Peg
- **stardistancely**: 20.38
- **stardistancepc**: 6.25
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **meteorshowers**: July Pegasids
- **bordering**: Andromeda (constellation), Andromeda
Lacerta
Cygnus (constellation), Cygnus
Vulpecula
Delphinus
Equuleus
Aquarius (constellation), Aquarius
Pisces (constellation), Pisces
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 60th parallel south, 60
- **month**: October
Perseus (constellation)

**Perseus** is a constellation in the northern sky named after Perseus, the mitological greek hero. Perseus is located in the northern celestial hemisphere. The brightest star in Perseus is Alpha Persei, that has an apparent magnitude (brightness as viewed from Earth) of 1.8. The best-known star in Perseus is Algol, which is known by its variability in brightness, that can be noted by the naked eye. Algol is a star system formed by multiple stars, of which two eclipses each other and creates the brightess variation. The Perseids are a meteor shower located in Perseus, that are proeminent during the months of July and August. Perseus' border constellations are: Aries, Taurus, Auriga, Camelopardalis, Cassiopeia, Andromeda and Triangulum.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Perseus
- **abbreviation**: Per
- **genitive**: Persei
- **pronounce**: or ;
genitive
- **symbolism**: Perseus
- **ra**: 3
- **dec**: +45
- **family**: Perseus Family, Perseus
- **quadrant**: NQ1
- **areatotal**: 615
- **arearank**: 24th
- **numbermainstars**: 19
- **numberbfstars**: 65
- **numberstarsplanets**: 7
- **numberbrightstars**: 5
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Persei, α Per (Mirfak)
- **starmagnitude**: 1.79
- **neareststarname**: G 174-14
- **stardistancely**: 33.62
- **stardistancepc**: 10.31
- **numbermessierobjects**: 2
- **meteorshowers**: Perseids
September Perseids
- **bordering**: Aries (constellation), Aries
Taurus (constellation), Taurus
Auriga (constellation), Auriga
Camelopardalis
Cassiopeia (constellation), Cassiopeia
Andromeda (constellation), Andromeda
Triangulum
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 35th parallel south, 35
- **month**: December
Pisces (constellation)

**Pisces** is a constellation located on the celestial equator.

## Deep-sky objects

Deep-sky objects include
- Messier 74
- NGC 488
- NGC 520

Exoplanets include
- Gliese 12 b, temperature c. 42 degrees Celsius, according to media (2024)
- HD 3167 b
- HD 4203 b, and c
- HD 4313 b
- HD 8574 b (Bélisama)
- HD 217107 b, and c
- HD 217786 b, and c
- HD 218566 b (Ugarit)
- γ Piscium b
- GU Piscium b
- 54 Piscium b
- WASP-76b

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Pisces
- **abbreviation**: Psc
- **genitive**: Piscium
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: the Fishes
- **ra**: 1
- **dec**: +15
- **family**: Zodiac
- **quadrant**: NQ1
- **areatotal**: 889
- **arearank**: 14th
- **numbermainstars**: 18
- **numberbfstars**: 86
- **numberstarsplanets**: 13
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 8
- **brighteststarname**: Eta Piscium, η Psc
- **starmagnitude**: 3.62
- **neareststarname**: Van Maanen's Star
- **stardistancely**: 14.07
- **stardistancepc**: 4.31
- **numbermessierobjects**: 1
- **meteorshowers**: Piscids
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 65th parallel south, 65
- **month**: November
Lynx (constellation)

**Lynx** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Lynx
- **abbreviation**: Lyn
- **genitive**: Lyncis
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the Lynx (mythology), Lynx
- **ra**: 8
- **dec**: +45
- **family**: Ursa Major Family, Ursa Major
- **quadrant**: NQ2
- **areatotal**: 545
- **arearank**: 28th
- **numbermainstars**: 4
- **numberbfstars**: 42
- **numberstarsplanets**: 5
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 1
- **brighteststarname**: Alpha Lyncis, α Lyn
- **starmagnitude**: 3.14
- **neareststarname**: LHS 1963
- **stardistancely**: 26.62
- **stardistancepc**: 8.16
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: ?????
?????
- **bordering**: Ursa Major
Camelopardalis
Auriga (constellation), Auriga
Gemini (constellation), Gemini
Cancer (constellation), Cancer
Leo (constellation), Leo (corner)
Leo Minor
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 55th parallel south, 55
- **month**: March
Lyra

**Lyra** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Lyra
- **abbreviation**: Lyr
- **genitive**: Lyrae
- **pronounce**: , genitive
- **symbolism**: Lyre, harp
- **ra**: 19
- **dec**: +40
- **family**: Hercules Family, Hercules
- **quadrant**: NQ4
- **areatotal**: 286
- **arearank**: 52nd
- **numbermainstars**: 5
- **numberbfstars**: 25
- **numberstarsplanets**: 62
- **numberbrightstars**: 1
- **numbernearbystars**: 3
- **brighteststarname**: Vega (α Lyr)
- **starmagnitude**: 0.03
- **neareststarname**: 2MASS J18353790+3259545
- **stardistancely**: 18.51
- **stardistancepc**: 5.67
- **numbermessierobjects**: 2
- **meteorshowers**: Lyrids
June Lyrids
Alpha Lyrids
- **bordering**: Draco (constellation), Draco
Hercules (constellation), Hercules
Vulpecula
Cygnus (constellation), Cygnus
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 40th parallel south, 40
- **month**: August
Leo Minor

**Leo Minor** is a constellation in the northern sky.

## Infobox (constellation)

- **name**: Leo Minor
- **abbreviation**: LMi
- **genitive**: Leonis Minoris
- **pronounce**: ,
genitive
- **symbolism**: the lesser Lion
- **ra**: to
- **dec**: 22.84° to 41.43°
- **family**: Ursa Major Family, Ursa Major
- **quadrant**: NQ2
- **areatotal**: 232
- **arearank**: 64th
- **numbermainstars**: 3
- **numberbfstars**: 34
- **numberstarsplanets**: 3
- **numberbrightstars**: 0
- **numbernearbystars**: 0
- **brighteststarname**: 46 Leonis Minoris, 46 LMi (Praecipua)
- **starmagnitude**: 3.83
- **neareststarname**: 11 Leonis Minoris, 11 LMi
- **stardistancely**: 36.46
- **stardistancepc**: 11.18
- **numbermessierobjects**: 0
- **meteorshowers**: Leonis Minorids
- **bordering**: Ursa Major
Lynx (constellation), Lynx
Cancer (constellation), Cancer (corner)
Leo (constellation), Leo
- **latmax**: North Pole, 90
- **latmin**: 45th parallel south, 45
- **month**: April
Musca (fly)

***Musca*** is an important genus of flies.  It includes _Musca domestica_ (the common housefly), as well as _Musca autumnalis_ (the face fly or autumn housefly).  It is part of the family Muscidae.
P. W. Botha

**Peter William Botha** (12 January 1916 – 31 October 2006) was a South African politician of Dutch descent.

Botha was the last Prime Minister of South Africa. In 1984, the office was abolished. After that, he served as the first President. During his political career, he was an opponent of Black majority rule and Communism.

When he was first elected to parliament in 1948, apartheid was just created by the then Prime Minister, Daniel Francois Malan and Botha first started opposing Black majority rule. In 1982, Botha set up the Black Local Authorities Act, which gave limited township power to the Black community. In 1984, Botha set up the Tricameral Parliament, which gave limited political voice to the Coloured and Indian communities in South Africa, but still excluded the Black community. Botha continued to superficially and insincerely "reform" apartheid for the next 5 years of his leadership in order to preserve it. Botha also refused to grant South West Africa (today Namibia) independence. In 1992, there was a referendum by President F. W. de Klerk to allow Black majority rule. In that referendum, Botha campaigned for the No vote. Botha supported and defended apartheid throughout his life.

In 2006, Botha died of a heart attack, aged 90.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birthname**: Pieter Willem Botha
- **image**: PW Botha 1962.jpg
- **caption**: Botha in 1962
- **office**: State President of South Africa
- **term end**:
<small>Acting until 14 September 1984</small>
- **predecessor**: Marais Viljoen
<small>Non-Executive</small>
- **successor**: Frederik Willem de Klerk
- **office2**: Prime Minister of South Africa
- **president2**: Marais Viljoen
Balthazar Johannes Vorster
Marais Viljoen
- **predecessor2**: John Vorster
- **successor2**: _Position abolished_
- **birth place**: Paul Roux, Orange Free State Province, Union of South Africa
- **death place**: Wilderness, Western Cape, Wilderness, Western Cape, South Africa
- **nationality**: South Africans, South African
- **party**: National Party of South Africa, National Party
- **spouse**: Elize Botha
 (1943-1997) (her death)
Barbara Robertson
 (1998-2006) (his death)
- **children**: Rossouw, Pieter Willem, Elanza, Amelia, Rozanne
- **profession**: Politician
King for a Day

**King for a Day** is a song by American rock band Pierce the Veil. They are from San Diego. This song is from Pierce the Veil's _Collide with the Sky_. King for a Day was released on June 5, 2012.

This song includes lead singer, Kellin Quinn, from the Sleeping with Sirens, another rock band.
Instar

An **instar** is a stage in the growth of an insect larva. As an example, there are three instars in the growth of a housefly. During each instar it eats and grows. Then it sheds (moults) its outer covering (exoskeleton) and grows some more. After the third instar it changes into a pupa, the next stage in its development. The adult (imago) which comes out of the pupa is the familiar housefly. With many insects, most of the eating and growing is done by the larvae. The function of the adults is to reproduce.
Pinckney's Treaty

**Pinckney's Treaty** is a treaty between Spain and the United States. It is also known as **Treaty of San Lorenzo** or **Treaty of Madrid**.

It defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies. It also guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River. The treaty's full title is Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation Between Spain and the United States. Thomas Pinckney negotiated the treaty for the United States and Don Manuel de Godoy represented Spain. Among other things, it ended the first phase of the West Florida Controversy, a dispute between the two nations over the boundaries of the Spanish colony of West Florida.

The treaty was presented to the United States Senate on February 26, 1796 and after several weeks of debate was ratified on March 7, 1796. It was ratified by Spain on April 25, 1796 and ratifications were exchanged on that date. The treaty was proclaimed on August 3, 1796.
90125

***90125*** is the eleventh studio album by Yes.

## Overview

The album was released on November 8, 1983 through Atlantic Records. It was the group's first studio album of new material in 3 years.

## Performance

It peaked at number 2 in France and Germany, number 3 in Canada and Switzerland, number 4 in the Netherlands, number 5 in the United States and number 16 in the United Kingdom (UK). It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and a Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance in 1985.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: 90125
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Yes (band), Yes
- **cover**: 90125 album cover.svg
- **recorded**: November 1982 – July 1983
- **studio**: SARM Studios, SARM and Associated Independent Recording, AIR Studios
(London, England)
- **genre**: * Pop rock
* New wave music, new wave
- **length**: 44:34
- **label**: Atco Records, Atco
- **producer**: * Trevor Horn
* Yes
- **prev title**: Classic Yes
- **prev year**: 1981
- **next title**: 9012Live: The Solos
- **next year**: 1985
Hefty Fine

***Hefty Fine*** is the fourth studio album by Bloodhound Gang. The album was released on September 27, 2005.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Hefty Fine
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Bloodhound Gang
- **released**: September 27, 2005
- **recorded**: December 2004–March 2005
- **genre**: Comedy rock, alternative rock, pop punk
- **length**: 39:45
- **label**: Geffen Records, Geffen
- **producer**: Jimmy Pop
- **prev title**: Hooray for Boobies
- **prev year**: 2000
- **next title**: Hard-Off
- **next year**: 2015
Idrijca

The **Idrijca** is a river in western Slovenia that flows through the Idrija Hills and Cerkno Hills. It is a tributary of the Soča river.

The area of the upper Idrijca, from its source to the town of Idrijca (a distance of about 30 km), is part of the _Krajinski Park Zgornja Idrijca_ ("Upper Idrijca Natural Park"). Here there are many karst features and an important diversity of plant species.

## Geography

The Idrijca river has a length of  and a drainage basin with an area of .

This river is one of the few places where the Marble trout (_Salmo marmoratus_) is found.

### Course

The source of the Idrijca is in _Mrzla Rupa_, part of the small village of Vojsko in the municipality of Idrija, western Slovenia,  at an altitude of .

From its source, the Idrijca flows to the southeast and then, after its confluence with the Bela river, turns to the northeast. Then, after passing through the town of Idrija, the river turns to the northwest and joins the Soča in Most na Soči, to the south of Tolmin.

The Idrijca passes through the municipalities of Idrija, Cerkno and Tolmin.

## Main tributaries

Most of the tributaries of the Idrijca river are small stream. The most important is the Bača with a length of ; it joins the Idrijca in the village of Bača pri Modreju, in the municipality of Tolmin.

One of the tributaries is the _Jezernica_ river, that is only  long and which originates from the Wild Lake ().

## Related pages

- List of rivers of Slovenia

## Other websites

- A map of the Idrijca . Geopedia.si online project. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
- Condition of Idrijca  - graphs, in the following order, of water level and flow for the past 30 days (taken in Podroteja by the Slovenian Environment Agency - ARSO)

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Idrijca
- **image**: Idrijca1.JPG
- **image caption**: The Idrijca near the Wild Lake
- **mouth location**: Soča
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Slovenia
Vipava (river)

The **Vipava** (in Slovene), **Vipacco** (in Italian) or **Vipau** (in Friulian) is a river that flows through western Slovenia and northeastern Italy.

The Battle of the Frigidus was fought in 394 near the river,  which was named _Frigidus_ ('cold') by the Romans.

## Geography

The Vipava river has a length of ,  in Slovenia and  in Italy. Its drainage basin has an area of about  ( in Slovenia).

The river flows through the southern part of the Vipava valley; this valley goes from the village of Podnamos, Slovenia, to Savogna d'Isonzo, in Italy.

### Course

The source of the Vipava is close to the city of Vipava, in the municipality of Vipava, western Slovenia, at an altitude of .

From its source, the Vipava flows to the northwest and follows this direction through the Vipava valley. It passes through the Slovenian municipalities of Vipava, Ajdovščina, Nova Gorica, Renče–Vogrsko and Miren–Kostanjevica. Then, at an altitude of , the river crosses the border and gets into the Italian _comune_ of Savogna d'Isonzo (Friuli-Venezia Giulia region) and finally joins the Soča river.

There are not important tributaries, only very small streams.

## Related pages

- List of rivers of Slovenia
- List of rivers of Italy

## Other websites

- A map of the Vipava . Geopedia.si online project. Retrieved 30 March 2008.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Vipava
- **image**: Vipava Tabor Bruecke 15092007 42.jpg
- **image caption**: The Vipava in Vipava, flowing under the Tabor Bridge
- **source1 location**: Vipava, Vipava, Vipava (in Slovenia)
- **mouth location**: The Soča (in Italy)
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: Italy, Slovenia
Kisan Vikas Patra

**Kisan Vikas Patra** (KVP) is a savings plan that was reintroduced on 18-Nov-2014 by the Government of India. It is to encourage people to save their money and not invest in fraudulent schemes. The plan offers current interest rate of 7.6 per cent. It doubles an investment in 113 months (9 years, 5 months). Finance Minister Arun Jaitley started the plan. The Directorate of Small Savings Government of India, sells these saving bonds through all Post Offices in the country. A KVP can be cashed in after two and a half years from the date of issue at the purchase amount plus interest. However, there is no tax break for investors in KVPs.

## Purchasing

When an investor buys a KVP the Post office issues a certificate of deposit. It has the investors name, the amount and date of maturity. KVPs are available in amounts of 1,000, 5,000, 10,000 and 50,000 Rs.. Anyone can invest in Kisan Vikas Patra if they are an adult and a citizen of India.
Hyades (mythology)

In Greek mythology the **Hyades** were nymphs who were responsible for letting it rain. Their number varies from originally three to fifteen. They were the daughters of Atlas, and most stories say that they were the sisters of Hyas. The main story is that Hyas was killed in a hunting accident, so the Hyades wept because of their grief.
- Hesiod names five: Phaisyle, Koronis, Kle(e)ia, Phaio, Eudore.
- Pherecydes of Syros names seven: Ambrosia, Eudora, Pedile, Coronis, Polyxo, Phyto, Thyone.
Ghosts (board game)

***Ghosts*** (Finnish: Kummituspeli, Swedish: Spökspelet) is a board game designed by Alex Randolph for two players, released in 1982 by Milton Bradley.

## Gameplay

The game takes place on a 6×6 board representing a haunted castle. Both players are given eight ghosts, of which four are good (marked by a blue dot) and four are evil (marked by a red dot). The ghosts are assembled in two rows of four at the player's own edge of the board. At each of the four corners is an exit from the castle.

The idea of the game is that neither player knows which of the other player's ghosts are good and which are evil. Facing the front, all ghosts look the same. The dots are only on the back. The players can arrange the good and evil ghosts how they wish at the start of the game.

The game is turn-based. On his or her turn, each player moves one ghost one square, either up, down, left or right. A ghost may capture an opponent's ghost by moving to its square. Only when a ghost is captured does the opposing player know whether it is good or evil.

If a player captures all four of the opposing player's good ghosts, he or she has won the game. But if a player captures all four of the opposing player's evil ghosts, he or she has lost the game. The game can also be won by moving one of the good ghosts through one of the exits at the opposing side of the board.

The strategy of the game play involves mainly trying to guess which of the opponent's ghosts are which by their movement patterns and trying to fool the opponent with confusing movement patterns.
Capitulation of Alexandria

The **Capitulation of Alexandria** was an important event in the struggle between France and Great Britain for influence in the Middle East around 1800.

The French campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was part of Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the East. His plan was to protect French trade, undermine Britain's access to India and establish scientific enterprise in the region. His Mediterranean campaign of 1798, a series of naval engagements that included the capture of Malta, prepared the way for the attack on Egypt. In July, he defeated British and Mamluk forces at the Battle of the Pyramids and took control of Egypt.

The British responded at the Battle of the Nile, in 1798, when the Royal Navy, under Horatio Nelson, defeated the French fleet, which was almost completely destroyed, off the coast of Egypt. That changed the balance of power between the two nations at war in the Mediterranean.

On land in Egypt, the French were opposed by a joint force of British Army and Ottoman troops. The defeated French retreated to Alexandria, the second city of Egypt, where the British-led force surrounded them. On 30 August 1801, French General Jacques-François Menou offered to surrender and proposed terms. The terms were adjusted and then agreed. The event and the treaty is known as the Capitulation of Alexandria.

The articles of the treaty included this:
- "the Arabian manuscripts, the statues, and the other collections which have been made for the French Republic, shall be considered as public property, and subject to the disposal of the generals of the combined army".

That gave Britain control of the Rosetta Stone and other Egyptian antiquities which had been collected by the French _Commission des Sciences et des Arts_ and the scholars of the _Institut d'Égypte_.