juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dennis Miller

**Dennis Miller** (born November 3 1953) is an American comedian, political commentator, actor, writer and radio personality. He usually talks about politics. Miller was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

## Infobox (comedian awards)

- **child**: yes
- **emmyawards**: **Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Variety or Music Program**
1994, 1995, 1996, 1998 _Dennis Miller Live_
**Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series**
1996 _Dennis Miller Live_
- **americancomedyawards**: **Funniest Male Performer in a TV Special**
1996 _Dennis Miller: State of the Union Undressed_


## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Dennis Miller
- **image**: Dennis Miller.jpg
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **caption**: Miller speaking at JavaOne, 2005.
- **birth place**: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- **medium**: Stand up comedian, Stand-up, Television, Movies, Books, Radio
- **nationality**: American
- **genre**: Satire/Political satire/News satire, Observational comedy, Wit/Word play, Black comedy, Surreal humor
- **subject**: American politics, American culture, current events, pop culture, libertarianism, American conservatism
- **influences**: Richard Belzer, Jay Leno, Dean Martin, George Carlin, Don Rickles.
- **influenced**: David Spade, Norm Macdonald
- **active**: 1978–present
- **spouse**: Carolyn (Ali) Espley (April 10, 1988 – present) (2 children)
- **notable work**: _Weekend Update_ anchor on _Saturday Night Live_
Host of _Dennis Miller Live_
Color commentator on _Monday Night Football_
Host of _The Dennis Miller Show_
- **website**: [http://dennismillerradio.com/ dennismillerradio.com]
Michael Redgrave

**Sir Michael Scudamore Redgrave** <small>CBE</small> (20 March 1908 – 21 March 1985) was an English actor, director, producer, screenwriter, manager and author known for his roles in _The Lady Vanishes_, _Dead of Night_, _The Browning Version_, _The Dam Busters_, _Secret Beyond the Door..._, and in _Mourning Becomes Electra_.

Redgrave was born on 20 March 1908 in Bristol, Gloucestershire. Redgrave was educated at the Magdalene College, at Cambridge, Clifton College, and at the University of Cambridge. Throughout his life, Redgrave was bisexual. He was married to Rachel Kempson from 1935 until his death in 1985. They had three children, Vanessa Redgrave, Corin Redgrave, and Lynn Redgrave. Redgrave died on 21 March 1985 in Denham, Buckinghamshire from Parkinson's disease, aged 77.

## Infobox (person)

- **honorific prefix**: Sir
- **name**: Michael Redgrave
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, CBE
- **image**: Sir Michael Redgrave portrait.jpg
- **caption**: Portrait taken by Allan Warren in 1978
- **birth name**: Michael Scudamore Redgrave
- **birth place**: Bristol, England
- **death place**: Denham, Buckinghamshire, Denham, Buckinghamshire, England
- **nationality**: British
- **family**: Redgrave family, Redgrave
- **years active**: 1933–1982
- **education**: Clifton College, Bristol
(independent boarding school)
- **alma mater**: Magdalene College, Cambridge
Corin Redgrave

**Corin William Redgrave** (16 July 1939 – 6 April 2010) was an English actor and activist, who is known for his roles in _All Man for All Seasons_, _Four Weddings and a Funeral_, _Oh! What a Lovely War_, _The Forsyte Saga_, and in _Persuasion_.

Redgrave was born on 16 July 1939 in Marylebone, London, England. He studied at the Westminster School and at King's College, Cambridge. Redgrave was married to Deirdre Hamilton-Hill from 1962 until they divorced in 1975. Then he was married to Kika Markham from 1985 until his death in 2010. They had four children. Redgrave died on 6 April 2010 in Tooting, London, England from prostate cancer, aged 70.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Corin Redgrave
- **image**: Corin Redgrave reading Poems from Guantánamo.jpg
- **birthname**: Corin William Redgrave
- **birth place**: Marylebone, London, England
- **death place**: Tooting, London, England
- **death cause**: Prostate cancer
- **resting place**: Cremated
- **nationality**: British people, British
- **education**: Westminster School
- **alma mater**: Kings College, Cambridge
- **occupation**: Actor, political activist
- **yearsactive**: 1964–2009
- **spouse**: Deirdre Hamilton-Hill
(m. 1962–1975, divorced)
Kika Markham
(m. 1985–2010, his death)
- **children**: Jemma Redgrave, Jemma, Luke, Harvey, Arden
- **parents**: Michael Redgrave
Rachel Kempson
Rob Corddry

**Robert William "Rob" Corddry** (born February 4, 1971) is an American movie, television, voice actor, television director and producer, writer and comedian who is known for his roles in _Hot Tub Time Machine_ and in _Childrens Hospital_. He has won an Emmy Award in 2012 for _Children Hospital_.

Corddry was born on February 4, 1971 in Weymouth, Massachusetts. He studied at Weymouth North High School and at University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Malayalam Wikipedia

The **Malayalam Wikipedia** () is the Malayalam language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. It was launched on December 21, 2002. Now this project is the leading Wikipedia among other South East Asian language Wikipedias in quality. It has grown to be a wiki containing more than 31,000 articles .

## <span lang="മലയാളം " dir="ltr">History</span>

The Malayalam language Wikipedia has been available in the wikipedia.org domain since 21 December 2002. A user Vinod Menon M. P. had taken the initial tasks for it. After its creation he was the key person for the next 2 years. Almost all the early users of Malayalam Wikipedia were Malayalees (speakers of the Malayalam language). The growth of the Wikipedia during these times was very slow due to technical issues such as browser problems, font problems, and other problems.

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: Malayalam Wikipedia
- **logo**: Wikipedia-logo-v2-ml.svg
- **screenshot**: MalayalamWikipediaMainPage.PNG
- **caption**: Screenshot of the Malayalam Wikipedia home page
- **collapsible**: yes
- **url**: [http://ml.wikipedia.org/ ml.wikipedia.org]
- **commercial**: No
- **type**: Internet encyclopedia project
- **language**: Malayalam
- **registration**: Optional
- **owner**: Wikimedia Foundation
Phil Silvers

**Phil Silvers** (born **Philip Silver**, May 11, 1911 – November 1, 1985) was an American entertainer, comedian, movie, television, stage, radio, and voice actor who is known for his role as Sergeant Bilko in _The Phil Silvers Show_. He has won two Tony Awards and an Emmy Award.

Silvers was born on May 11, 1911 in Brooklyn, New York. Silver was married to Jo-Carroll Dennison from 1945 until they divorced in 1950. Then he was married to Evelyn Patrick from 1956 until they divorced in 1966. Silvers had five children with Evelyn. Silvers died on November 1, 1985 in Century City, California from heart failure, aged 74.
Wade Williams

**Wade Andrew Williams** (born December 24, 1961) is an American movie, television, and voice actor who is best known for his role as Brad Bellick in _Prison Break_.

Williams was born on December 24, 1961 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He studied at Rutgers University and at the University of Tulsa.
Gary Collins

**Gary Ennis Collins** (April 30, 1938 – October 13, 2012) was an American movie, television, radio, stage, voice actor, and television host. He is known for his roles in _The Sixth Sense_, _Angel in my Pocket_, _The Wackiest Ship in the Army_, _Born Free_, _Hangar 18_, and in _The Home Show_. He is also known for being the host of Miss America from 1982 through 1990. He has won an Emmy Award for Best Television Host in 1983.

Collins guest-starred on dozens of television shows since the 1960s, including _Perry Mason_, _The Virginian_, _Hawaii Five-O_, _The Six Million Dollar Man_, _The Love Boat_, _Charlie's Angels_, _Friends_, and _JAG_.

Collins was born on April 30, 1938 in Venice, California. Collins was raised in Biloxi, Mississippi. He studied at Santa Monica City College. He was married to Susan Lechman from 1964 until they divorced in 1967. Then he was married to Mary Ann Mobley from 1967 until his death in 2012. Collins died on the morning of October 13, 2012 in Biloxi, Mississippi from natural causes, aged 74.
Tom Berenger

**Tom Berenger** (born **Thomas Michael Moore**; May 31, 1949) is an Emmy Award-winning American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles in _Hatfields & McCoys_, _Platoon_, _Major League_, _Inception_, and _The Big Chill_. He has won an Emmy Award and an Golden Globe Award.

Berenger was born on May 31, 1949 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at the University of Missouri. Berenger was married to Barbara Wilson from 1976 until they divorced in 1984. Then he was married to Lisa Williams from 1986 until they divorced in 1997. Then he was married to Patricia Alvaran since 1998. He has six children.

## Other websites

- Tom Berenger Online
Julio Alemán

**Julio Méndez Alemán** (November 29, 1933 – April 11, 2012) was a Mexican movie, television, stage, voice, and radio actor.

Alemán was born in Morelia, Michoacán on November 29, 1933. He was married to Esperanza Martínez. They had six children.

Alemán died in Mexico City on April 11, 2012. He had been diagnosed with lung cancer. His remains were cremated and a memorial service was held on April 12, 2012, in Mexico City.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Julio Méndez Alemán.jpg
- **name**: Julio Alemán
- **birth place**: Morelia, Michoacán, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
- **death place**: Mexico City, Mexico
- **death cause**: Lung Cancer
- **nationality**: Mexican
- **birth name**: Julio Méndez Alemán
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1956-2012
- **party**: Institutional Revolutionary Party
- **spouse**: Esperanza Martínez
(?-2012); (his death)
- **children**: Julio Alemán, Jr.,
Martín Alemán,
Mauricio Alemán,
Arturo Alemán,
Alan Alemán,
Daniel Alemán
Ronald Neame

**Ronald Elwin Neame** (23 April 1911 – 16 June 2010) was an English movie director and producer, screenwriter, and cinematographer who is known for his works in _The Poseidon Adventures_, _Great Expectations_, _Oliver Twist_, _Brief Encounter_, and _In Which We Serve_.

Neame was born on 23 April 1911 in London, England. He studied at University College School and at Hurstpierpoint College. Neame was married to Beryl Heanly from 1933 until they divorced in 1992. Then he was married to Donna Friedberg from 1993 until his death. With Heanly he had a son, Christopher. Neame also had three grandchildren. Neame died on 16 June, 2010 in Los Angeles, California from complications of an accidental fall, aged 99.
Tyrone Power

**Tyrone Edmund Power, Jr.** (May 5, 1914 – November 15, 1958) or **Ty Power**, was an American movie, television, radio and stage actor who appeared in dozens of movies from the 1930s to the 1950s, but is mostly known for his roles in _The Mark of Zorro_, _Blood and Sand_, _The Black Swan_, _Prince of Foxes_, _The Black Rose_, and _Captain from Castile_.

Power was born on May 5, 1914 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Power was married to Annebella from 1939 until they divorced in 1948. He was married to Linda Christian from 1949 until they divorced in 1956. He was married to Debbie Ann Minardos from 1958 until his death in 1958. He had two children with Christian, and one with Minardos. Power died on November 15, 1958 in Madrid, Spain from a heart attack, aged 44.

## Other websites

- Tyrone Power, King of 20th Century-Fox
Michael Murphy

**Michael George Murphy** (born May 5, 1938) is an American movie, stage, voice and television actor who is known for his roles as Yale Pollack in _Manhattan_ and as the Mayor in _Batman Returns_. He has won an Gemini Award.

Murphy was born on May 5, 1938 in Los Angeles, California. He studied at the University of California at Los Angeles. Murphy was married to Wendy Crewson from 1988 until they divorced in 2009. They had two children.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: MichaelMurphy06TIFF.jpg
- **caption**: Michael Murphy in September 2006
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, US
- **death place**: San Francisco, California, US
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1963–present
- **children**: 2
Wendy Crewson

**Wendy Jane Crewson** (born May 9, 1956) is a Canadian movie, television, voice, and stage actress who is known for her role in _The Santa Clause_, _The Santa Clause 2_, _The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause_, _Better Than Chocolate_, _Air Force One_ and _Room_. She won an Gemini Award.

Crewson was born on May 9, 1956 in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. She studied at Queen's University and at Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art. Crewson was married to Michael Murphy from 1988 until they divorced in 2009. They had two children.

Crewson openly came out as a lesbian in 2014.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Wendy Crewson
- **image**: WendyCrewsonTIFFSept2011.jpg
- **caption**: Crewson in September 2011
- **birth place**: Hamilton, Ontario, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- **othername**: Wendy Murphy
- **occupation**: Actress
- **spouse**: Michael Murphy (1988–2009) divorced
- **children**: 2
- **yearsactive**: 1980 - present
Jeffrey Jones

**Jeffrey Duncan Jones** (born September 28, 1946) is an American movie, television, voice, and stage actor who is best known for his roles as Emperor Joseph II in Miloš Forman’s _Amadeus_, Charles Deetz in _Beetlejuice_, and Dean of Students Edward R. Rooney in the 1986 John Hughes movie _Ferris Bueller's Day Off_.

Jones was born on September 28, 1946 in Buffalo, New York. He studied at Lawrence University and at London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. He has a son from a previous relationship. In 2002 Jones was arrested; he was later convicted of a sex offense and will serve four years in jail and 250 hours of community service.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Jeffrey Jones.jpg
- **caption**: Jeffrey Jones (2012)
- **birth name**: Jeffrey Duncan Jones
- **birth place**: Buffalo, New York, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **education**: Putney School
- **alma mater**: Lawrence University,
London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1970–present
- **children**: Julian Coutts
Catherine O'Hara

**Catherine Anne O'Hara**,  (March 4, 1954 – January 30, 2026) was a Canadian-American movie, television, stage, voice actress, writer and comedian. She was well known for her roles in _SCTV_ and _Schitt's Creek_, and her roles in movies such as in _After Hours_, _Beetlejuice_, _Home Alone_, and _The Nightmare Before Christmas_. She won two Emmy Awards.

O'Hara was also known for her role as Moira Rose in the award-winning series _Schitt's Creek_.

O'Hara was born on March 4, 1954 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. O'Hara studied at Burnhamthorpe Collegiate Institute. She was married to Bo Welch from 1992 until her death. They had two children.

O'Hara died on January 30, 2026 at a hospital in Santa Monica, California from a pulmonary embolism caused by rectal cancer at the age of 71.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Catherine O'Hara
- **image**: Catherine O'Hara-63919 (cropped 2).jpg
- **caption**: O'Hara in 2024
- **birth name**: Catherine Anne O'Hara
- **nationality**: Canadians, Canadian, Americans, American
- **birth place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, Santa Monica, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Pulmonary embolism caused by rectal cancer
- **years active**: 1975–2026
- **children**: 2
- **awards**: Order of Canada
Christopher Guest

**Christopher Haden-Guest, 5th Baron Haden-Guest** (born February 5, 1948), usually simply known as **Christopher Guest**, is an English-American actor, comedian, director, musician, and screenwriter. He is known for his work in _This Is Spinal Tap_, _The Princess Bride_, _Best in Show_, _A Mighty Wind_, and in _For Your Consideration_. He has won an Emmy Award.

## Early life

Guest was born on February 5, 1948 in New York City, New York. He studied at The High School of Music & Art and at New York University.

## Marriage and family

Guest married Jamie Lee Curtis in 1984. They have two adopted children.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Christopher Guest
- **image**: guest4.jpg
- **caption**: Guest speaking at Vancouver Film School in 2008
- **birth name**: Christopher Haden-Guest
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, United States of America, US
- **education**: The High School of Music & Art
- **alma mater**: New York University
- **years active**: 1971–present
- **nationality**: British-American
- **citizenship**: United States
United Kingdom
- **spouse**: Jamie Lee Curtis (1984–present; 2 children)
- **relations**: Tony Curtis (father-in-law),
Janet Leigh (mother-in-law),
Kelly Curtis (sister-in-law)
- **notable works**: _This Is Spinal Tap_
_The Princess Bride (film), The Princess Bride_
_Best in Show (film), Best In Show_
_A Mighty Wind_
''For Your Consideration (film), For Your Consideration
Lipid bilayer

**Lipid bilayers** form cell membranes. They form a continuous sheet around all cells, and they surround most cell organelles. Lipid bilayers form automatically from **phospholipids** by self-assembly.

The phospholipids have  heads which mix with water and tails which reject water. So the tails come together in the centre of the double layer, and the heads on the outside are surrounded by water.

The lipid bilayers stop most water-soluble (hydrophilic) molecules passing through. They also stop most ions.

In cells, proteins are put in the bilayer by enzymes. The proteins decide which molecules come in and which go out of the cell. For example, cells control salt concentrations and pH by pumping ions across their membranes using proteins called ion pumps.
John Letford

**John Letford** MBE (born 29 August 1935) is a Scottish politician.  He was the Lord Provost of Dundee from 2003 to 2012. The new Lord Provost is Bob Duncan.

On 24 March 2009, Letford resigned from the Labour Group on Dundee City Council. He became an independent councillor.
Alcester Grammar School

**Alcester Grammar School** is a grammar school in a town called Alcester, in the county of Warwickshire. It is a local authority school, which means it is not fee-paying. It is, however, selective. This means it is meant for pupils of above average intelligence.

The youngest children are 11. The oldest are 18. Children join when they are 11 or when they are 16. When they are 11 they take a test to get in. The test is called the Eleven plus. 16 year old children can join if they have good GCSE exam grades elsewhere.

Children at Alcester Grammar School take the GCSE exams. GCSEs are exams that all children who live in England take.

## About the school

Alcester Grammar is a very successful, selective, rural, grammar school. It offers courses at National Curriculum and post 16 levels. The school has a large VI form and offers one of the widest ranges of both 'A' and 'AS' levels in the country.

The school website says: > The school sets out to provide a relaxed and constructive atmosphere, in which pupils are encouraged to develop their individual talents. Since it is school, boys and girls are jointly involved in most aspects of school life. We have no doubt that co-education is a fitting preparation for life.

There are about 1000 children.

## School Awards

Alcester Grammar School got an 'outstanding' rating in their OFSTED inspection.

## Famous people who went to Alcester Grammar School

- Sarah Douglas, actress
- Simon Davis, comics artist
- Andrew Pozzi, Olympic hurdler

## Other websites

- Alcester Grammar School's Website
- Alcester Grammar School Sixth Form Website
- The Warwickshire County Council page for AGS
- The OFSTED page for AGS, including their Inspection Report/125770)

## Infobox (uk school)

- **name**: Alcester Grammar School
- **latitude**: 52.2185
- **longitude**: -1.875
- **motto**: Christus nobiscum state
<small>_Christ is with us, Stand firm_</small>
- **established**: 1499
- **approx**: 1
- **type**: Academy (English school), Academy, Grammar schools in the United Kingdom, grammar
- **head label**: Principal (Teacher in charge of the school)
- **head**: Mr Clive Sentance
- **chair label**: Chair of Governors
- **chair**: Mr Bob Morgan
- **street**: Birmingham Road
- **city**: Alcester
- **county**: Warwickshire
- **country**: England
- **postcode**: B49 5ED
- **lea**: Warwickshire, Warwickshire County Council
- **ofsted**: yes
- **urn**: 136622
- **enrollment**: More than 1000
- **gender**: Coeducation, Mixed
- **lower age**: 11
- **upper age**: 18
- **colours**: Red and Black
- **houses**: Dobell, Newport, Spencer and Wells
- **website**: http://www.alcestergs.co.uk
- **website name**: alcestergs.co.uk
Mantoux test

The **Mantoux test** is a test developed to detect tuberculosis. In the year 1890, Robert Koch developed tuberculin, as a treatment for tuberculosis. The substance proved ineffective to treat the disease, today it is commonly used to detect it, though. Tuberculin is a substance based on the pathogen that causes tuberculosis. Charles Mantoux, a French physician, developed a test method, based on the work of Koch.

A positive test result simply says that the immune system came in contact with Mycobacteria - this does not necessarily mean that people with a positive test result have been infected with tuberculosis. Such a result, which shows as positive, even though the outcome should be negative is called _false positive_.

The test shows the reaction of the immune system to tuberculin. This requires an intact immune system: People whose immune system is weakened, for example those with a HIV infection, may also show a _false negative_: Their immune system may simply be too weak to react. Similarly, the use of certain substances, such as steroids may lead to false negatives.
Radiology

**Radiology** is a field of medicine that uses medical imaging methods of ionizing radiation to detect and treat diseases. Examples include ultrasound, X-rays, Computed tomography, Positron emission tomography and Magnetic resonance imaging.

In the English National Health Service  a lot of radiology is outsource<nowiki/>d to private forms, which were paid £120 million in 2021.   Some are actually limited liability partnership<nowiki/>s of NHS staff.  Demand for radiology is increasing by about 10% a year.

## Notable people

- William Frates (1934-2019), American radiologist.
- Marie Curie (1867-1934), Trailblazing chemist, physicist, and radiologist

## Related pages

- Medical physics
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin

**Bacillus Calmette–Guerin** (also called the BCG vaccine) is a vaccine against tuberculosis. The vaccine is based on a bovine strain of the bacterium.

The BCG vaccine was first used medically in 1921. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. As of 2004, the vaccine is given to about 100 million children per year globally. However, it is not commonly administered in the United States.

It looks like the vaccine can also be used to treat certain forms of bladder cancer.
Mobutu Sese Seko

**Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga** (born **Joseph-Desiré Mobutu**; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997) () was the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The country was known as Zaire for much of his rule.

Mobutu is commonly known as **Mobutu** or **Mobutu Sese Seko**.

During the Congo Crisis, Mobutu led a coup against the nationalist government of Patrice Lumumba. He wanted to take control of the government of Congo-Léopoldville. He soon became the army chief of staff. In 1965 he led a second coup to be Prime Minister. Then in 1967 he established a presidential form of government headed by himself. As part of his program of “national authenticity,” Mobutu changed the Congo's name to Zaïre in 1971. He changed his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko in 1972. Mobutu established a one-party state and a cult of personality. He was an anti-communist.

During his reign, Mobutu built a highly centralized state.  He attempted to purge the country of all colonial cultural influence. He got a large personal fortune through economic exploitation and corruption. Because of this some people called his rule “kleptocracy.” The nation suffered from uncontrolled inflation, a large debt, and massive currency devaluations. By 1991 economic deterioration and unrest led him to agree to share power with opposition leaders. He used the army to stop this change. In May 1997 rebel forces, led by Laurent Kabila, removed him from the country.

Mobutu Sese Seko is notorious for the corruption, nepotism, and embezzlement of billions of dollars that took place during his reign. He also had extravagances such as Concorde-flown shopping trips to Paris. Mobutu presided over the country for some four decades, despite many reports of abuses and human-rights violations. As such, many have described him as the "archetypal African dictator".

Mobutu died in 1997 of prostate cancer in Morocco, aged 66.

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Mobutu Sese Seko
- **order**: President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President of Zaire
- **nationality**: Congolese
- **image**: Mobutu.jpg
- **term start**: 24 November 1965
- **term end**: 16 May 1997
- **predecessor**: Joseph Kasa-Vubu
- **successor**: Laurent-Désiré Kabila
- **birth place**: Lisala, Belgian Congo
- **death place**: Rabat, Morocco
- **spouse**: Marie-Antoinette Mobutu <small>(Deceased)</small>
Bobi Ladawa
- **party**: Popular Movement of the Revolution
- **caption**: Mobutu in 1983
Mike Rowe

**Michael Gregory "Mike" Rowe** (born March 18, 1962) is an American actor, singer, television host, and narrator. He is best known for his voice-over work on commercials and as the host of the television program _Dirty Jobs_. Rowe has acted on television, stage and movies as well as radio. He does a large amount of work as a narrator and has even been an opera singer.

Rowe was born on March 18, 1962 in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied at Overlea High School, at Essex Community College, and at Towson State University. He now lives in San Francisco, California.

## Other websites

- Mike Rowe's official website
Bryan Singer

**Bryan Jay Singer** (born September 17, 1965) is an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. Singer is known for his works in _The Usual Suspects_, the _X-Men_ movies and _Superman Returns_. He has won a Saturn Award.

Singer was born on September 17, 1965 in New York City. He was adopted and raised in West Windsor Township, New Jersey. He studied at West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South, at School of Visual Arts, and at the USC School of Cinematic Arts in Los Angeles. Singer is openly gay.

On April 16, 2014, Singer was accused of sexually abusing a 17-year-old boy in a federal lawsuit filed in Hawaii. The accuser said Singer provided him with drugs and alcohol to encourage him to have sex on more than one occasion in 1999.
James Marsden

**James Paul Marsden** (born September 18, 1973) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor, singer, and a former model. Marsden is known for his role as Scott Summers or Cyclops in the first three _X-Men_ movies. He is also known for his roles in _Hop_, _Superman Returns_, _Hairspray_, _Enchanted_, _The Notebook_, and in _27 Dresses_.

Marsden was born on September 18, 1973 in Stillwater, Oklahoma. He studied at Hefner Middle School, at Putnam City North High School, and at Oklahoma State Univerity. Marsden was married to Lisa Linde from 2000 until they divorced in 2011. They had two children.

## Filmography

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2009|_Robot Chicken_|Jason Chambers / Lion|Voices Episode: "Especially the Animal Keith Crofford"|
|2014–16|_Wander Over Yonder_|Sir Brad Starlight|Voice 3 episodes|
|2017|_The Powerpuff Girls (2016)_|Blue Genie|Voice|

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: James Marsden
- **image**: James Marsden by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **caption**: Marsden at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con
- **birth name**: James Paul Marsden
- **birth place**: Stillwater, Oklahoma, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1993–present
- **children**: 3
- **relatives**: Dennis Linde (former-father-in-law)
Brandon Routh

**Brandon James Routh** (born October 9, 1979) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor and former fashion model who is known for his roles as Daniel Shaw in _Chuck_ and as Superman in _Superman Returns_. He won a Saturn Award in 2006.

Routh is also known for his roles in _Zack and Miri Make a Porno_ and _Scott Pilgrim vs. the World_.

In 2013, Routh voiced David "Hesh" Walker in the video game _Call of Duty: Ghosts_. In 2014, he starred on _Arrow_ as Ray Palmer/Atom which spun off into a guest role on _The Flash_ and a starring role on _Legends of Tomorrow_.

Routh was born on October 9, 1979 in Norwalk, Iowa. Routh studied at the University of Iowa for a year to be a writer. During this time, he modeled and acted in order to earn his tuition fee.

Routh has been married to Courtney Ford since 2007. They have a son, Leo James.

## Other websites

- Interview

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Brandon Routh by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **caption**: Routh at the 2016 WonderCon
- **birthname**: Brandon James Routh
- **birth place**: Norwalk, Iowa, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1999–present
- **othername**: Brandon "B.J." Routh
 B.J. Routh
- **children**: 1
Finger painting

**Finger painting** is a form of artwork done by using ones fingers to make a piece of art.  The paint usually comes in pots.  Finger painting is generally done by children.
Madison Bumgarner

**Madison Bumgarner** (b. August 1, 1989) nicknamed **"MadBum"** or **"Big Country"** is a Major League Baseball player for the San Francisco Giants. He was born in Hickory, North Carolina. He is a left handed pitcher.

Bumgarner was selected in the first round in the 2007 Major League Baseball Draft.  He was named a starting pitcher on _Baseball America_'s 2010 All-Rookie Team.
Tedy Bruschi

**Tedy Lacap Bruschi** (born June 9, 1973) is a former NFL New England Patriots player. Bruschi won three Super Bowl rings and was a two-time All-Pro selection.

Bruschi joined ESPN as an analyst after leaving football.

## Infobox (nfl player)

- **name**: Tedy Bruschi
- **image**: Tedy Bruschi 2010.jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Bruschi in 2010.
- **number**: 54
- **position**: Linebacker#Middle linebacker, Inside linebacker
- **birth place**: San Francisco, California
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 1
- **weight lbs**: 247
- **high school**: Roseville High School (Roseville, California), Roseville (Roseville, California)
- **college**: Arizona Wildcats football, Arizona
- **draftyear**: 1996
- **draftround**: 3
- **draftpick**: 86
- **pastteams**: * New England Patriots (–)
- **highlights**: *
* Pro Bowl (2005 Pro Bowl, 2004)
* 2× Second Team All-Pro (2003 All-Pro Team, 2003, 2004 All-Pro Team, 2004)
* Best Comeback Athlete ESPY Award, Best Comeback Athlete ESPY (2006)
* National Football League Comeback Player of the Year Award, AP NFL Comeback Player of the Year (2005)
* New England Patriots Hall of Fame
* Morris Trophy (1995)
* 2× Consensus College Football All-America Team, All-American (1994 College Football All-America Team, 1994, 1995 College Football All-America Team, 1995)
* 3× First-team All-Pac-12 Conference, Pac-10 (1993 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team, 1993–1995 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team, 1995)
- **statlabel1**: Games played
- **statvalue1**: 189
- **statlabel2**: Games started
- **statvalue2**: 139
- **statlabel3**: Tackle (football move), Tackles
- **statvalue3**: 1,110
- **statlabel4**: Quarterback sacks
- **statvalue4**: 30.5
- **statlabel5**: Interceptions
- **statvalue5**: 12
- **statlabel6**: Forced fumbles
- **statvalue6**: 11
- **nfl**: BRU812794
- **pfr**: BrusTe99
- **collegehof**: 2341
Benjamin Kogo

**Benjamin Kogo** (30 November 1944 – 20 January 2022) was a Kenyan athlete. His main sport was 3000 metre steeplechase running. He won a silver medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

He won gold at the first All-Africa Games held in 1965 in Brazzaville.

Kogo was born in Arwos, Nandi District. He died from prostate cancer on January 20, 2022 at the age of 77.
Leslie Mann

**Leslie Jean Mann** (born March 26, 1972) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actress who is known for her roles in _Funny People_, _ParaNorman_, _This Is 40_, _Knocked Up_, and in _The Change-Up_.

Mann was born on March 26, 1972 in San Francisco, California. She studied at Corona del Mar High School. She has been married to Judd Apatow since 1997. They have two children. She is the older sister of Anderson Mann.
Polio vaccine

**Polio vaccines** are vaccines that prevent poliomyelitis (or polio). Two types of polio vaccines are used throughout the world.

The first type was developed by Jonas Salk and first tested in 1952. Announced to the world by Salk on April 12, 1955, it is an injection of inactivated (dead) poliovirus. The second type was an oral vaccine developed by Albert Sabin, using attenuated poliovirus. An attenuated virus is a much less harmful strain of the same virus. Human trials of Sabin's vaccine began in 1957 and it was licensed in 1962.

There is no long term carrier for poliovirus (carriers are people who carry the virus but have no symptoms of the disease), and polioviruses have no non-primate reservoir in nature. The virus cannot survive in the open environment for a long time.  Therefore, interruption of person to person transmission of the virus by vaccination is the key step in removing polio entirely. The two vaccines have eliminated polio from most countries in the world. Polio worldwide has dropped from about 350,000 cases in 1988 to 1,652 cases in 2007.
Nick Frost

**Nicholas John Frost** (born 28 March 1972) is an English actor, comedian and screenwriter. He is best known for playing roles like Mike Watt in _Spaced_, Ed in _Shaun of the Dead_, Danny Butterman in _Hot Fuzz_, Clive Gollings in _Paul_, and Ron in _Attack the Block_. He is also known for working with Simon Pegg.

Frost was born on 28 March 1972 in Dagenham, London, England. He studied at Bell High School. He was married to Mariangela Frost from 2008 until their divorce in 2015.
Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore

**Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore** (August 8, 1605 – November 30, 1675), was a member of the English nobility who started the colony of Maryland in the British colonies. He was the first Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland. Before that, he was the ninth Proprietary Governor of the Colony of Newfoundland (in what is today Canada). His father was George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore. George Calvert was chosen to be the proprietary governor of both Maryland and Newfoundland, but he died before he could take the position.

He was called "Cecil Calvert." Cecil was a Roman Catholic and the colony of Maryland was officially Catholic. He managed Maryland from his home in England. Maryland was known for its religious toleration. At the time, there was a lot of religious persecution in England. Many Catholics fled (ran away to) Maryland because their religion was accepted there. Calvert was governor of Maryland for forty-two years. He died in England on November 30, 1675, aged 70 years. The city of Baltimore is named for him.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Cecilius Calvert,
2nd Baron Baltimore
- **image**: Calvertcecil.jpg
- **caption**: Painting of the Lord Baltimore (1910) by Florence MacKubin, painted after his death.
- **office**: Governor of Newfoundland
- **term start**: 1629
- **term end**: 1632
- **monarch**: Charles I of England, Charles I
- **office2**: Proprietor of the Maryland colony
- **term start2**: 1632
- **term end2**: 1675
- **birth place**: Kent, England
- **death place**: Middlesex, England
- **relations**: Benedict Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore (grandson)
- **spouse**: Anne Arundel
- **alma mater**: Trinity College, Oxford, Trinity College
- **children**: Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore
- **occupation**: laywer
politician
Gabourey Sidibe

**Gabourey "Gabby" Sidibe** (born May 6, 1983) is an American movie and television actress who started her career in the 2009 movie _Precious_ as Claireece "Precious" Jones, for which she won many awards and was nominated for an Academy Award.

Sidibe was born on May 6, 1983 in Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City. She studied at Borough of Manhattan Community College, at City College of New York, and at Mercy College.
America Ferrera

**America Georgina Ferrera** (born April 18, 1984) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actress. She is best known for her role as Betty Suarez in _Ugly Betty_. For her role as Betty Suarez, she won an Golden Globe Award, Emmy Award, and an Screen Actors Guild Award.

Ferrera was born on April 18, 1984 in Los Angeles, California. She studied at the University of Southern California. She is married to Ryan Piers Williams since 2011. Ferrera is a Democrat and attended the 2012 Democratic National Convention in support of President Obama's re-election.
Bill Hader

**William Thomas Hader Jr.** (born June 7, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer and writer.

He is best known for his roles in _Saturday Night Live_, _Barry_, _Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs_, _Superbad_, _Hot Rod_, _Tropic Thunder_, _Adventureland_, _Paul_, _Forgetting Sarah Marshall_, _Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian_, _Inside Out_, _Star Wars: The Force Awakens_, _The BFG_ and as adult Richie Tozier in _It – Chapter Two_.

He married Maggie Carey in 2006 and they had 3 children. Hader and Carey separated in 2017 and Hader later filed for divorce several months later in December 2017. The divorce was finalized in 2018.

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Bill Hader
- **image**: Bill Hader (29419489470) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Hader in 2016
- **birth name**: William Thomas Hader
- **birth place**: Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.
- **children**: 3
- **active**: 1998–present
- **medium**: Film, stand-up, television
- **genre**: Character comedy, improvisational comedy, satire, sketch comedy
- **influences**: Monty Python, Woody Allen, Mel Brooks
Jack Gilford

**Jack Gilford** (July 25, 1908 – June 4, 1990) was an American movie, television, stage actor, and comedian. He was known for his roles in _Cocoon_, _A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum Movie_, _Caveman_, _They Might Be Giants_, and in _Catch-22_.

Gilford was born on July 25, 1908 in New York City, New York. He was married to Madeline Lee from 1949 until his death in 1990. Gilford died on June 4, 1990 in New York City, New York from stomach cancer, aged 81.
Berry Gordy

**Berry Gordy Jr.** (born November 28, 1929) is an American entrepreneur, record executive and producer. He is the founder and former CEO of Motown Records. He is associated with musical acts, such as Smokey Robinson, Diana Ross, The Supremes, Marvin Gaye, The Temptations and Stevie Wonder. His son Kennedy Gordon was signed to Motown. Gordy was born in Detroit.
Tchoukball

'<nowiki/>_Tchoukball_'  is an indoor team sport. It was created in the 1970's by Swiss biologist Hermann Brandt. Brandt believed that "The objective of all physical activities is not to make champions, but make a contribution to building a harmonious society". He wanted to create a team sport which did not involve the injuries which he saw as being a problem in other sports.

The sport is usually played on an indoor court that is  by }. At each end, there is a 'frame' (a device similar to a trampoline off which the ball bounces). This frame measures . There is also a semicircular D-shaped area measuring  in radius around the frame which players cannot enter. The game is played with two teams of 12 players on each team. Of the twelve players on a team, seven may be on the court at any one time. Each team can score on both ends on the field. In order to score a point, the ball must be thrown by an attacking player, hit the frame and bounce outside the 'D' without being caught by the defending team. Physical contact is not allowed, and defenders may not try to stop the attacking team's passes. Players may take three steps with the ball and can hold the ball for at most three seconds. Teams may not pass the ball more than three times before shooting at the frame.

Tchoukball has become an international sport. It is played in Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Great Britain, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Macau, Singapore, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the United States. It is governed by the Féderation Internationale de Tchoukball (FITB, founded in 1971). Taiwan hosted the 2004 World Championships and won both the women's and junior championships. The Swiss won the men's championship. The 2006, European Championships were held in Switzerland. Great Britain won both the Men's and Under-18's titles. Switzerland won the Ladies event.
Lee Dong-hae

**Lee Dong-hae** () (born 15 October 1986 ), commonly known as just **Donghae** (), is a South Korean singer,  songwriter and actor. He is best known as a member of the K-pop boy band Super Junior and its subgroup, Super Junior-M and Super Junior-Donghae & Eunhyuk. He is also one of the first four Korean artists to appear on Chinese postage stamps.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Lee Donghae
- **image**: Lee Donghae in Bangkok.jpg
- **caption**: Lee Donghae at press conference of Super Junior M Breakdown in Bangkok, Thailand, February 2013
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Lee Dong-hae
- **birth place**: Mokpo, Jeollanam-do, Jeollanam, South Korea
- **origin**: Seoul, South Korea
- **instrument**: keyboards
- **genre**: K-pop, J-pop, dance music, dance, Contemporary R&B, R&B
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter, dancer, actor, rapper
- **years active**: 2005–present
- **label**: SM Entertainment
- **associated acts**: SM Town
Super Junior
Super Junior-M
Super Junior-Donghae & Eunhyuk


## Infobox (korean name)

- **color**: khaki
- **title**: Korean name
- **rr**: I Dong-hae
- **mr**: Yi Tong-hae
Kristine Sutherland

**Kristine Sutherland** (born **Kristine Young** on April 17, 1955, in Boise, Idaho) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Buffy Summers' mother Joyce Summers on the television series _Buffy The Vampire Slayer_.

## Early life

Sutherland was born Kristine Young. She changed her name because she was often confused with another actress with a similar name. The last name "Sutherland" was after her cat, whom she named "Donald" after Donald Sutherland She attended high school in Lexington, Kentucky. After graduating, she studied at the University of Kentucky.

Kristine Sutherland is not related to Donald Sutherland or his son Kiefer Sutherland.

## Career

Sutherland's first movie role was as Mae Thompson in the 1989 movie _Honey, I Shrunk the Kids_.

In 1997, she auditioned for the role of Joyce Summers on The WB Television Network's television series _Buffy the Vampire Slayer_. Series creator Joss Whedon stated that he chose Sutherland for the role of Buffy’s mother was both because of her warm, motherly demeanor, and her physical similarity to Buffy’s actress, Sarah Michelle Gellar. She was a series regular for the first five seasons, returning for three guest appearances for the remaining three.

In April 2008, she had a guest starring role on _New Amsterdam_.

## Personal life

Sutherland is married to actor John Pankow. He is best known as "Ira" on _Mad About You_. They have one daughter named Eleanore.

## Filmography

- 1986 _Legal Eagles_
- 1989 _Honey, I Shrunk the Kids_
- 2002 _The Cat Returns_
- 2012 _The Perfect Wedding_

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kristine Sutherland
- **image**: Kristine Sutherland.jpg
- **birth place**: Boise, Idaho U.S.
- **birthname**: Kristine Young
- **spouse**: John Pankow (1986-present)
Mirage

A **mirage** is an image that is distorted by the atmosphere so that its form and location can look very different from the actual object. It is caused by the way light bends as it passes through layers of air of different temperatures.

The words "mirage" and "mirror" come from the same root word, which means "to look at”.

## Cause

Normally, light travels in a straight line, but it will change direction depending on what it passes through. This bending is called "refraction." Gases, such as air, become thinner as they get warmer. As a result, light tends to curve (or refract) towards the colder layer of air. This makes the image appear to come from a different direction than the original object.

There are two basic types of mirage, depending on which direction the temperature changes, inferior and superior.

## Inferior

An inferior mirage is arguably the most common type seen over land. In daytime, air near solid ground is typically warmer than the air above it. When light from the sky passes through it, a shimmering, fragmented image of the sky may appear to come from the ground, resembling water.

## Superior

Sometimes a mirage can appear to come from higher up than the original object. When the colder air is lower (called an inversion layer), as it often is over large bodies of water or ice, the apparent direction of the mirage will be opposite that of an inferior mirage. For example, the distorted image of a ship or an island may appear on or above the surface, even if the original object is hidden below the horizon.

A "Fata Morgana" is a complex superior mirage whose appearance can change quickly and dramatically. Its name refers to Morgan le Fay, a mythical enchantress strongly associated with Arthurian legends. In times past, the disturbing images seen as part of the mirage were attributed to illusions created by magic.

## Artificial

A mirage-like effect can be achieved by allowing a soluble substance like sugar or salt to slowly dissolve in a deep container of water, so that there is more sugar in the water near the bottom than in the water above it. This can refract the image of an object seen through it in a similar manner as a superior mirage often seen over open water.

## Other websites

- The Happy Scientist explains mirages.
- How to make a mirage with sugar water.
- Another way to make a mirage with salt water.
Titus Salt

Sir **Titus Salt**, first baronet (20 September 1803 – 29 December 1876), was born in Morley near Leeds. He was a manufacturer, politician and a phillanthropist in Bradford, West Yorkshire.

His father Daniel Salt was a dry salter and then he decided to become a farmer. His mother died when he was quite young. Titus Salt had 11 children.

## Career

After working as a woolen stapler for two years at a mill near Wakefield he became his fathers business partner-Daniel Salt and son. The company used Russian Donskio wool, which was widely used in the woollens trade, but not in worsted cloth. Titus visited the millers in Bradford.

After working for two years as a wool-stapler in Wakefield he became his father's partner in the business of Daniel Salt and Son. He set up as a spinner and manufacturer.

In 1836, Titus came upon some bales of Alpaca wool in a warehouse in Liverpool and, after taking some samples away to experiment, came back and bought the consignment. Though he was not the first in England to work with the fibre, he was the creator of the lustrous and subsequently fashionable cloth called 'alpaca'. (The discovery was described by Charles Dickens in slightly fictionalised form in _Household Words_).

In 1833 he took over his father's business and within twenty years had expanded it to be the largest employer in Bradford. In 1848 Titus Salt became mayor of Bradford. Smoke and pollution came from mills and factory chimneys. Salt tried unsuccessfully to clean up the pollution using a device called the Rodda Smoke Burner.

Around 1850, he decided to build a mill large enough to consolidate his textile manufacture in one place, but he "did not like to be a party to increasing that already over-crowded borough". So he bought land three miles from the town in Shipley next to the River Aire, the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the Midland Railway and began building in 1851. He opened it with a grand banquet on his 50th birthday, 20 September 1853, and set about building houses, bathhouses, an institute, hospital, almshouses and churches, that make up the model village of Saltaire. He built the Congregational Church which is now Saltaire United Reformed Church, at his own expense in 1858–59, and donated the land on which the Wesleyan Chapel was built.