juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sarracenia

***Sarracenia*** ( or ) is a genus of 8 to 11 species of carnivorous plants. They are often called **trumpet pitchers**.  The genus is in the family Sarraceniaceae. That family also contains  _Darlingtonia_ and _Heliamphora_.

In the wild, _Sarracenia_ grows around the East Coast of the United States, Texas, the Great Lakes area and southeast Canada.  Most species grow only in the southeast United States. Only _S. purpurea_ can live in cold places. The plant's leaves form a funnel to trap insects. The plant digests its food with proteases and other enzymes.
Jan Hooks

**Janice "Jan" Hooks** (April 23, 1957 – October 9, 2014) was an American actress and comedian. She was best known for her work on NBC's _Saturday Night Live_ (_SNL_). She starred in SNL from 1986 to 1991. She was also known for her roles in _Designing Women_, _3rd Rock From the Sun_, _The Simpsons_, and in _Batman Returns_.

Hooks died on October 9, 2014 in Woodstock, New York from non-chemo reactive throat cancer, aged 57.

## Other websites

- Notice of death of Jan Hooks, tmz.com; October 9, 2014; accessed October 9, 2014
- "SNL" sketch - Jan Hooks as Bette Davis in a videotaped reading of her will, NBC.com; accessed October 9, 2014

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Jan Hooks.jpg
- **caption**: Hooks at the 40th Emmy Awards (1988)
- **birthname**: Janice Hooks
- **birth place**: Decatur, Georgia, U.S.
- **death place**: Woodstock, New York, U.S.
- **death cause**: Throat cancer
- **occupation**: Actress/Comedienne
- **yearsactive**: 1978–2014
Karen Lewis

**Karen Lewis**  (June 26, 1953 – February 7, 2021) was an American Chicago Public Schools teacher and labor leader.  She was the president of the Chicago Teachers Union from 2010 to 2014. She was a former King College Prep High School and Lane Technical High School chemistry teacher. She was a teacher for 22 years.

Lewis was considering running for Mayor of Chicago in 2015. In July 2014 poll, Lewis defeated Emanuel in a hypothetical electoral contest by 45-36 . She decided not to run for mayor due to health issues and endorses Chuy Garcia.

On October 9, 2014, Lewis was hospitalized for a "serious illness". At the time, no further details about Lewis' health have been revealed. On October 13, a source confirmed that Lewis had been diagnosed with glioblastoma.

Lewis died from problems caused by the cancer in Chicago on February 7, 2021 at the age of 67.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Karen Lewis
- **image**: Karen Lewis.png
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death cause**: Glioblastoma
- **occupation**: Chicago Public Schools Teacher
Chicago Teacher's Union
(President; 2010–2014)
- **alma mater**: Kenwood Academy
Mount Holyoke College
Dartmouth College
Sphagnum

***Sphagnum*** is a genus of about 120 species of mosses. _Sphagnum_ moss can store water. Both living and dead plants can soak up water. Each sphagnum plant can hold up to 1 billion times as much water as their dry weight, depending on the species.

_Sphagnum_ helps make peat bogs in temperate wetlands.
Denard Span

**Keiunta Denard Span** (born February 27, 1984) is an American professional baseball player for the Tampa Bay Rays. He is an outfielder. He has also played for the Minnesota Twins, Washington Nationals, and the San Francisco Giants.

Span bats and throws left-handed. He is also one of the top defensive players.

## Infobox (mlb player)

- **name**: Denard Span
- **image**: Denard Span on May 29, 2013.jpg
- **image size**: 240px
- **caption**: Span with the Washington Nationals in 2015
- **position**: Outfielder
- **team**: Free Agent
- **number**: 2
- **bats**: Left
- **throws**: Left
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C.
- **debutdate**: April 6
- **debutyear**: 2008
- **debutteam**: Minnesota Twins
- **statyear**: April 2, 2017
- **stat1label**: Batting average
- **stat1value**: .285
- **stat2label**: Hit (baseball), Hits
- **stat2value**: 1,251
- **stat3label**: Home runs
- **stat3value**: 48
- **stat5label**: Run batted in, Runs batted in
- **stat5value**: 389
- **stat6label**: Stolen bases
- **stat6value**: 164
- **teams**: * Minnesota Twins (2008–2012)
* Washington Nationals (2013–2015)
* San Francisco Giants (2016–2017)
- **awards**: * 2009 American League Triples Leader
* 2013 National League Triples Leader
Castres

**Castres** can refer to:
- Castres, Aisne, a commune in the department of Aisne region of Picardie, in France.
- Castres, Tarn, a commune in the department of Tarn region of Midi-Pyrénées, in France.
- Castres-Gironde, a commune in the department of Gironde region of Aquitaine, in France.
- Arrondissement of Castres, an arrondissement in the department of Tarn region of Midi-Pyrénées, in France.
Eutely

**Eutelic** organisms have a fixed number of somatic cells when they reach maturity. The exact number is constant for any one species. Development proceeds by cell division until maturity; further growth occurs by cell enlargement only.

Most eutelic organisms are small or even microscopic: examples include the nematodes like ascaris, gastrotrichs, rotifers, tardigrades and dicyemida.

Eutelic organisms cannot heal most wounds because they cannot build new cells to replace old cells. So they tend to be r-strategists. They often have many offspring. Gastrotrichs reproduce about once every three days.

## Other websites

- List of eutelic animals and other eutelic websites
Hypnagogia

**Hypnagogia** is the state of mind that exists between being awake and sleep, or just after waking up.

People in this state may have experiences that resemble hallucinations, but are not. The person usually knows that it is not real, but very often nothing can be done against it. Most of these _pseudohallucinations_ are visual experiences.

Other experiences that may happen are sleep paralysis and lucid dreams. All of these symptoms happen because of the changes that occur in the brain, and they are not linked to a disease.

The writings of Aristotle already talk  about hypnagogia. In more recent centuries, many authors have referred to the state. Edgar Allan Poe, for example, wrote of the "fancies" he experienced "only when I am on the brink of sleep, with the consciousness that I am so".

Serious scientific inquiry began in the 19th century with Johannes Peter Müller, Jules Baillarger and Alfred Maury, and continued into the 20th century with Leroy.

With electroencephalography (EEG) in the mid 20th century, detecting such a state has become easier.
Church of la Magdalena (Torrelaguna)

The **Church of la Magdalena** () is a Gothic-style church in Torrelaguna, central Spain. It was listed as Spain's national heritage listing in 1983. The bell tower in this church was built in the 15th century, and was commissioned by cardinal Cisneros.

## Infobox (historic site)

- **name**: Church of la Magdalena
- **native name**: Iglesia de la Magdalena
- **native language**: Spanish
- **image**: Iglesia de la Magdalena, Torrelaguna.JPG
- **locmapin**: Spain
- **location**: Torrelaguna, Spain
- **architecture**: Gothic
- **designation1**: Spain
- **designation1 offname**: Iglesia de la Magdalena
- **designation1 type**: Non-movable
- **designation1 criteria**: Monument
- **designation1 date**: 1983
- **designation1 number**: RI-51-0004866
Jenny from the Block

**"Jenny from the Block"** is a song performed by American singer Jennifer Lopez. The song is a contemporary R&B and old school hip hop song. The single is about not changing despite having a fortune and being famous, and never forgetting where one came from.

The song was released on October 22, 2002. It hit #3 on the _Billboard_ Hot 100. The song got mixed reviews from critics. It was a commercial success.
Receptor antagonist

A **receptor antagonist** is a biological repressor molecule. A receptor antagonist slows down the cell by stopping some of the cell reactions by clogging up the areas that make the cell work. They are sometimes called blockers, such as beta blockers. An antagonist is a ligand which blocks or dampens a biological effect. It acts against an agonist. They may block enzymes or passages through cell membranes.

They are part of the homeostatic system which regulates the body physiology. Some are made for pharmaceutical uses.
If You Had My Love

"**If You Had My Love**" is the debut single by Jennifer Lopez released on April 19, 1999 from Lopez' debut album _On the 6_. The lyrics are about Lopez making rules for her lover before starting a relationship. The song was number one on the _Billboard_ Hot 100 in June 1999.

The music video was directed by Paul Hunter and filmed in April 1999. It features a voyeuristic Internet concept in which Lopez's viewers are able to direct her through cyberspace. The provocative music video received frequent airplay on MTV networks worldwide, allowing Lopez to establish herself in a field dominated by Janet Jackson and Madonna. The video was nominated for four MTV Video Music Awards and five Billboard Music Awards. Lopez promoted "If You Had My Love" at the Blockbuster Entertainment Awards and VH1/Vogue Fashion Awards in 1999. She has subsequently performed it on numerous occasions, including at her 2001 Let's Get Loud concerts and 2012's Dance Again World Tour, where she performed an acoustic version of the song.  It was also the opening number for her Las Vegas residency, Jennifer Lopez: All I Have (2016).

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: If You Had My Love
- **border**: yes
- **artist**: Jennifer Lopez
- **album**: On the 6
- **b-side**: "No Me Ames"
- **released**: April 19, 1999
- **recorded**: 1998
- **label**: Work Records, Work
- **producer**: Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins
- **next title**: No Me Ames
- **next year**: 1999
Valeri Karpov

**Valeri Yevgenievich Karpov** (, 5 August 1971 – 10 October 2014) was an Russian ice hockey player. He played in the Soviet Hockey League and National Hockey League.  He competed for Traktor Chelyabinsk and HC CSKA Moscow in Russia before moving to North America.

In the summer of 2014, during a fight in his house he took a hit to the head. Afterwards, he had a bad fall that resulted in a coma. He underwent two trepanning surgeries, but did not regain consciousness. He died on 10 October 2014.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **played for**: Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
Traktor Chelyabinsk
HC CSKA Moscow
Metallurg Magnitogorsk
HC Lada Togliatti
HC Dynamo Moscow
HC Mechel
- **position**: Winger (ice hockey), Right Wing
- **shoots**: Left
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 203
- **ntl team**: RUS
- **birth date**: 5 August 1971
- **birth place**: Chelyabinsk, Russia
- **death date**: 10 October 2014 (aged 43)
- **death place**: Chelyabinsk, Russia
- **draft**: 56th overall
- **draft year**: 1993
- **draft team**: Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
- **career start**: 1988
- **career end**: 2005
Ed Nimmervoll

**Edward Charles "Ed" Nimmervoll** (21 September 1947 – 10 October 2014), was an Austrian-born Australian rock music journalist, author and historian. He worked with rock magazines _Go-Set_ (1966–1974) and _Juke Magazine_ (1975–92) both as a journalist and as an editor.

Nimmervoll died of brain cancer on 10 October 2014, at the age of 67.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Ed Nimmervoll
- **birth name**: Edward Charles Nimmervoll
- **birth place**: Austria
- **death place**: Australia
- **occupation**: Journalist, editor, author
- **period**: 1966–2012
- **subject**: Rock music
- **notableworks**: _Friday on my mind: a year by year account of popular music in the Australian charts_
Muhammad Jalal-ud-din

**Muhammad Jalal-ud-din** also known as **Jalal Baba** (1910-1981) was an activist and political leader of the All India Muslim League. He was born in Abbottabad District in British India. He was active from 1935 and 1936 onwards in the Pakistan Movement.

The Jalal Baba Auditorium in Abbottabad city, now in Pakistan, is named after him.
Per Almar Aas

**Per Almar Aas** (11 June 1929 – 18 May 2014) was a Norwegian politician. He was part of the Christian Democratic Party. He was born in Ballangen, Norway.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Troms in 1973, and was re-elected on three occasions. He had previously served as a deputy representative during the term 1969–1973.

He was a member of Harstad municipal council from 1967 to 1971. From 1971 to 1975 he was a member of Troms county council. He was the leader of the county party chapter from 1970 to 1973, and was a member of the national party board from 1970 to 1973 and 1985 to 1999.

Outside of politics he started his career as a manual laborer in Ballangen (1945–1950), Snåsa (1951), Ørsta (1951–1952) and Volda (1952–1953). In 1969 he settled in Harstad to become a school teacher.

Aas died in Oslo, Norway, aged 84.
Pauline Wagner

**Pauline Cynthia Wagner** (August 18, 1910 – May 2, 2014) was an American actress and glamour girl. She had minor roles in the 1930s. She made her debut in _King of Jazz_ in 1930.

Her first big role was in _College Lovers_. She was Fay Wray's back-up in _King Kong_ in 1933. She had small parts in _Lady Killer_ and _Mr. Deeds Goes to Town_. She worked for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and RKO. Her movie career ended in 1941.

Wagner died in Glendale, California on May 2, 2014, aged 103.

## Other websites

- Pauline Wagner at the American Film Institute
- Fay Wray's Stunt Double Remembers the Big Ape NBC Los Angeles interview with Pauline Wagner

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Pauline Wagner McCourtney
- **birth name**: Pauline Cynthia Wagner
- **birth date**: August 18, 1910
- **birth place**: Shattuck, Oklahoma, U.S.
- **death date**: May 2, 2014 (aged 103)
- **death place**: Glendale, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Film actress
- **yearsactive**: 1928-1941
Kailash Satyarthi

**Kailash Satyarthi** (born 11 January  1954) is an Indian children's rights activist. He founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save the Childhood Movement) in 1980. He has acted to protect the rights of 80,000 children.

He was awarded the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize, along with Malala Yousafzai, "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education".

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kailash Satyarthi
- **image**: Kailash Satyarthi.jpg
- **caption**: Kailash Satyarthi in 2012
- **birth place**: Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India
- **nationality**: Indian people, Indian
- **education**: Engineering
- **occupation**: Activist for children's rights and Early childhood education, children's education
- **awards**: Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award
Medal of the Italian Senate
Alfonso Comin International Award
International Peace Prize, Germany
Defenders of Democracy Award
2014 Nobel Peace Prize
- **known for**: Activism
- **website**: [http://www.kailashsatyarthi.net/ kailashsatyarthi.net]
Shirin Ebadi

**Shirin Ebadi** ( _Širin Ebādi_; born 21 June 1947) is an Iranian lawyer, a former judge and human rights activist. She is the founder of Defenders of Human Rights Center in Iran. On 10 October 2003, Ebadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her "significant and pioneering efforts for democracy and human rights, especially women's, children's, and refugee rights". She was the first ever Iranian to receive the prize.

## Other websites

- Shirin Ebadi at the Nobel Prize website
- Shirin Ebadi's autobiography on the Nobel Prize website
- Shirin Ebadi's Nobel lecture
- Nobel Women's Initiative

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Shirin Ebadi
- **image**: Shirin-Ebadi-Amsterdam-2011-Photo-by-Persian-Dutch-Network.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Shirin Ebadi
- **birth place**: Hamadan, Iran
- **known for**: Defenders of Human Rights Center
- **alma mater**: University of Tehran
- **nationality**: Iranian
- **awards**: Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize, Rafto Prize
Nobel Peace Prize
Interfaith Center of New York, JPM Interfaith Award
Legion of Honour
- **signature**: Shirin Ebadi Signature.svg
- **signature size**: 150px
Jinnah-Sikandar Pact

The famous **Jinnah-Sikandar Pact** was an agreement signed between Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, at Lucknow, British India, October 1937.

## Background

In 1937 the All India Muslim League was a weak party with very little political strength. It had lost the 1936 general elections in India quite badly. It needed more support from powerful Muslims to make it strong. The party wanted to help Muslims in India get their rights. So, in October 1937, M.A. Jinnah, the main leader of the Muslim League party, invited powerful Muslims to a conference in Lucknow city. One of the most powerful Muslim leaders was Sardar Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, KBE (1892-1942), Premier of the Punjab province and head of the Punjab Unionist Party. He was also invited by Jinnah to this big conference.

## Events

At this conference, at first most of the big and powerful Muslim leaders refused to accept Jinnah's request for help. Only Aga Khan III was ready to support him. At this time, Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan thought that it would be bad if the Muslims did not stand united to get their rights. He thought it was time for unity. So, he convinced some other big leaders to join him. These included Sir Saadullah of Assam, Molvi A.K. Fazlul Huq of Bengal, Nawab Sir Hamidullah Khan of Bhopal State and some others. They all went together and told Jinnah that they would support and help the Muslim League. A special agreement or pact was also signed at this time, between Jinnah and Sir Sikandar, called the 'Jinnah-Sikandar Pact'. This pact also said that all the Muslim members of the Punjab Unionist Party could join the Muslim League if they wanted to. Muslim people all over India were very happy to know that now, they had strong support from big leaders.

## Effects

The Jinnah-Sikandar Pact was one of the most important documents and agreements of the Pakistan Movement. According to Professor Stanley Wolpert, '...it made Pakistan possible'. The Punjab was the biggest and richest province of British India. It linked together all the other Muslim areas and provinces. After this pact was signed in 1937, the Muslim League was next able to make the famous Pakistan Resolution at Lahore, Punjab, in 1940. And just seven years later, in 1947, an independent Pakistan was finally made.

Syed Amjad Ali, a Muslim leader of Punjab said that 'Thanks to the agreement reached between Jinnah and Sir Sikandar in Lucknow, the dream of Pakistan became real. All Pakistanis today should be thankful to these two great Muslim leaders and their wisdom'.
Khaksar movement

The **Khaksar movement** was a social movement based in the city of Lahore in the Punjab Province of British India. It was established by Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi in 1931, with the aim of freeing the Indian subcontinent from the rule of the British Empire.

The Khaksars initially opposed the partition of India and favoured a united country. The membership of the Khaksar movement was open to everyone and had no membership fee regardless of the person's religion, race and caste or social status. The emphasis was on the brotherhood of mankind and being inclusive for all people.
Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi

**Inayatullah Mashriqi** or **Inayatullah Khan al-Mashriqi** also sometimes called **Allama Mashriqi** (1888-1963) was the founder of the Khaksar movement in British Raj. He was also a Pakistani mathematician and a political leader.
IHeartMedia

**IHeartMedia, Inc.** (known in the past as **CC Media Holdings, Inc.**) is a television and radio organization that was established in 1972. It was then taken as a private company in 2002. It is the holding company of **IHeartCommunications, Inc.** (used to be known as **Clear Channel Communications**). It owns more than 850 AM radio and FM radio stations and it also owns more than 670 local and national television stations through the United States alone.

On September 16, 2014, CC Media Holdings changed their name to iHeartMedia, Inc., while Clear Channel Communications became iHeartCommunications, Inc.

## Other websites

- Offical website

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: IHeartMedia, Inc.
- **logo**: IHeartMedia logo.svg
- **type**: Private company, Private
- **predecessor**: CC Media Holdings, Inc.
- **foundation**: 2002
- **location city**: San Antonio, Texas
- **location country**: United States
- **key people**: Robert Pittman (media executive), Bob Pittman, Chairman/CEO
- **industry**: Mass media
- **products**: Radio broadcasting, Television broadcasting, Digital, Press, outdoor advertising
- **revenue**: US$ 6.246 billion (2012)
- **operating income**: US$ 1.070 billion (2012)
- **net income**: US$ -424.4 million (2012)
- **equity**: US$ -8.299 billion (2012)
- **owner**: Bain Capital, Bain Capital, LLC
Thomas H. Lee Partners, Thomas H. Lee Partners, LP
- **num employees**: 200,400 (Dec 2012)
- **divisions**: iHeartMedia
<small>(formerly Clear Channel Media and Entertainment)</small>
- **subsid**:
Luxor Temple

**Luxor Temple** is an Ancient Egyptian temple, located in modern-day Luxor, which was known as Thebes at the time. The temple was dedicated to the god Amun, his wife Mut, and their son Chons. The temple was built during the time of the New Kingdom. Because some of the stones were re-used, an older monument was probably there beforehand, during the 12th dynasty. Some of the stones of the temple were later re-used to build Abu el-Haggag mosque.

Together with the Temple at Karnak, Luxor Temple is on the list of World Heritage Sites.

Note that Luxor Temple is different from the necropolis of Hatshepsut, located in Deir el-Bahari, which is also near Luxor.
Trace fossil

**Trace fossils** (or **ichnofossils**) are geological records of biological activity. They are fossils, but not of the living things themselves. Probably the best-known examples are dinosaur trackways.

Trace fossils may be impressions made on the substrate by an organism. Burrows, borings, footprints, feeding marks, and root cavities are examples. The term includes the remains of other organic material produced by an organism  for example, coprolites (fossilized droppings) or chemical markers. Stromatolites are sediment structures produced by bacteria. Trace fossils contrast with body fossils, which are the fossilized remains of parts of organisms' bodies, usually altered by later chemical activity or mineralization.

Structures which are not produced by the behaviour of an organism are not considered trace fossils.

The study of traces is called ichnology. Traces reflect the behaviour, not usually not the biological affinity of their makers. They are given their own names in taxonomy, based on their appearance and the implied behaviour of their makers.

## Related pages

- Ichnology
Lorenz attractor

The **Lorenz attractor** (also called **Lorenz system**) is a system of equations. Edward N. Lorenz formulated the equations as a simplified mathematical model for atmospheric convection. The equations are ordinary differential equations, called **Lorenz equations**.  They are notable for having chaotic solutions for certain parameter values and starting conditions. In particular, the Lorenz attractor is a set of chaotic solutions of the Lorenz system which, when plotted, resemble a butterfly or figure eight.

The notion of butterfly effect is coupled with that of the Lorenz attractor. Lorenz first used the phrase in a speech he gave in 1972.
Ordinary differential equation

An **ordinary differential equation** (often shortened to **ODE**) is a differential equation which contains one free variable, and its derivatives. Ordinary differential equations are used for many scientific models and predictions. The term _ordinary_ is used to differentiate them from partial differential equations, which contain more than one free variable, and their derivatives.

## Numerical methods

Since ODEs have appeared in mathematics and physics, many scientists have studied methods to solve them. But unfortunately, no one could establish methods to solve any kind of ODE. Therefore, numerical methods for ODEs are widely studied since the appearance of computers.

## Literature

- Arnolʹd, V. I., Ordinary differential equations. Springer.
- Wolfgang Walter, Ordinary differential equations. Springer.
- Logemann, H., & Ryan, E. P. (2014). Ordinary differential equations: Analysis, qualitative theory and control. Springer.
- Hermann, M., & Saravi, M. (2014). A First Course in Ordinary Differential Equations. Analytical and Numerical Methods, Springer India.
- Chicone, C. (2006). Ordinary differential equations with applications. Springer Science & Business Media.
Margin Call (movie)

***Margin Call*** is a 2011 American independent drama movie. The movie is about insider trading on Wall Street. Demi Moore plays Sarah Robertson. Mary McDonnell plays Mary Rogers. Kevin Spacey plays Sam Rogers.

The movie got positive reviews from the movie critics. It was released on October 21, 2011.
Inoculation

**Inoculation **(also known as variolation) is an historical method of making people immune to smallpox. Unlike a vaccine, inoculation uses infected material (for example scabs) from an infected patient. The benefit of inoculation is it gives the individual a less dangerous type of the virus. Another benefit of inoculation is the fact it has a death rate of 0.5% - 2% (as opposed to the 35% death rate of smallpox). Inoculation was eventually replaced after Edward Jenner discovered a vaccine against smallpox.

### China

China may have used inoculation in the 10th century. The Emperor of China at the time lost his eldest son to smallpox. He wanted a way to help prevent smallpox from killing any more members of his family. He summoned many people from throughout the empire to attempt to find a cure to smallpox. A man carried out inoculation to Immunise his family. However, the source of the story was supposedly written 100's of years after the event.

Inoculation was not widely used in China until the 'Longqing Emperor'  in the 16th century. This was written by Yu Tianchi. Inoculation using the most deadly strain of the virus was banned from use in China to prevent high death rates. Inoculation is documented to have been used in India in the 18th century. It may have been used earlier than that, but there is no evidence to prove this.

### Importation to Europe

The practice of Inoculation was first used in England after an ambassador's wife witnessed it in Constantinople. Her name was Lady Mary Wortley Montague and she was impressed by the benefits. She had lost her son, and bore scars of the virus herself. When an epidemic of smallpox occurred in England in 1721, she ordered that her daughter be inoculated. Many people visited her daughter, and were impressed at the results of inoculation. Eventually, inoculation was tested in Newgate Prison. This was before the members of the royal family were inoculated. After the success in England, many European countries began to use inoculation against smallpox.

## Decline in Use

In 1796 Edward Jenner discovered a vaccine against smallpox which had a very low death rate. It was also more effective. Inoculation began to be replaced by this new vaccine, and was eventually outlawed in England in 1840. France banned Inoculation in 1762 due to the death rates associated with it.
The Evermoor Chronicles

***The Evermoor Chronicles*** is a television series for the Disney Channel. It is produced by Lime Pictures. The series premiered on the Disney Channel (UK and Ireland) on 10 October 2014. It began on 17 October 2014 on the Disney Channel in the United States,  and on the Family Channel in Canada.

## Plot

The series is about Tara Crossley. She is an American teen who moves from the United States to an English village called Evermoor. As her mother and father unpack at their new home, Tara, her brother, and her British step-siblings adjust to their new life. Danger, mystery and intrigue come along with the adventure.

## Cast and characters

- Clive Rowe as Mayor Chester Doyle
- Finney Cassidy as Cameron Marsh
- George Sear as Seb Crossley
- Georgia Lock as Bella Crossley
- Georgie Farmer as Jake Crossley
- Jordan Loughran as Sorsha Doyle
- Naomi Sequeira as Tara Crossley

## Development

On 17 March 2014, the series was announced. Filming took place in the spring of 2014 at Arley Hall in Cheshire. The series has been described as "a hugely exciting project for the team here in EMEA with a gripping story that I’m sure will captivate our global Disney Channel audience. The movie’s intriguing cast of characters also gives us a great opportunity to find exciting new talent” by David Levine. Lime Pictures produced the special, which was created by Diane Whitley and Tim Compton. The executive producers was Rebecca Hodgson. The producer was Compton. It was a co-production between Disney U.S. and the Walt Disney Company EMEA.

### Series 2 (2017)

Series 2 of The Evermoor Chronicles was confirmed via Disney Channel UK's 2017 video on YouTube. Main characters Georgia Lock, Sammy Moore, Finney Cassidy, Georgie Farmer, Alex Starke, Margaret Cabourn-Smith, Clive Rowe, and India Ria Amarteifio return. New additions to the main cast include Ben Radcliffe as Iggi, Otto's brother, Scarlett Murphy as Alice Crossley, Bella's cousin, Ben Hull as Jed Crossley, Bella's uncle and Alice's father, and Christopher Brand as Davorin, an evil man trapped inside a magic mirror. A brand new plot, opening theme song, and new cast members are made into the second series. The new series premiered Monday, May 8, 2017.

## Infobox (television)

- **opentheme**: "Forevermoor" performed by Naomi Sequeira (Season 1)
"Forevermoor" performed by Britain's Got Talent (series 10), Jasmine Elcock (Season 2)
- **executive producer**: Rebecca Hodgson
Bede Blake
- **producer**: Tim Compton
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **num series**: 2
- **num episodes**: 36
- **list episodes**: #Episodes
- **company**: Lime Pictures
All3Media
- **network**: Disney Channel (UK and Ireland), Disney Channel (United Kingdom)
Battersea Dogs & Cats Home

**Battersea Dogs & Cats Home** is the United Kingdom's oldest and most famous home for dogs and cats. It is in the Battersea area of London, England. The home gets its money from donations.

## History

Battersea Dogs & Cats Home was started in Holloway in 1860 by Mary Tealby. Its name was Temporary Home for Lost and Starving Dogs. In 1871 it moved to Battersea. Its name was changed because of this. In 1885, Queen Victoria became Patron of the home. The television show _For the Love of Dogs_ is mostly filmed at Battersea. There are Battersea centres in Old Windsor, Berkshire and Brands Hatch, Kent as well as in Battersea.

## Mission

The home has a goal to never turn away a dog or cat in need of help. It reunites lost dogs and cats with their owners. When they can not do this, the home cares for them until a new home can be found for them. It also aims to educate the public about responsible pet ownership.

## Other websites

- Official Website
- Battersea Dogs & Cats Home, Registered Charity no. 206394 at the Charity Commission
- Independent – _The curious incident of the hungry dog in the night-time_

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Battersea Dogs & Cats Home
- **image**: File:Battersea Dogs and Cats Home - geograph.org.uk - 617340.jpg
- **type**: Charitable trust, Charity
- **founder**: Mary Tealby
- **key people**: Claire Horton, Chief Executive
Heather Love, Chair
- **industry**: Cruelty to animals, Animal welfare
- **foundation**: 1860
- **location**: United Kingdom
Apse

In architecture, the **apse** (from Latin _apsis_: "arch, vault") is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome. It is similar to another form known as an _exedra_. In Romanesque, Byzantine and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral and church architecture, the term is applied to a semi-circular or polygonal termination of the main building. This is usually at the liturgical east end (where the altar is). It is also regardless of the shape of the roof, which may be flat, sloping, domed, or hemispherical.
All I Have to Do Is Dream

**"All I Have to Do is Dream"** is an American popular song. The song was recorded in 1958 by the Everly Brothers. The song was near the top of several music charts in the United States in 1958.

The song was written by Felice and Boudleaux Bryant. It was recorded many times by other musicians, including Roy Orbison and Juice Newton.
Marked for Death

***Marked for Death*** is a 1990 action movie. This movie is about a former DEA agent finding Jamaican drug dealers in his home town. Steven Seagal plays John Hatcher. Elizabeth Gracen plays Melissa Hatcher. Danielle Harris plays Tracey Hatcher.

This movie was released on October 5, 1990. It got mixed reviews from the critics. It got back almost $58 million at the box office.
Ontario Highway 417

**Ontario Highway 417** is a provincial highway in Ontario, Canada. It starts on the eastern Ontario border with Quebec, near Hawkesbury, as an extension of Quebec Autoroute 40. It ends near Arnprior, where it becomes Ontario Highway 17. Construction on Highway 417 started in May 1969. The last section of the highway near Arnprior was finished in 2012.

## Infobox (road)

- **province**: ON
- **type**: Fwy
- **route**: 417
- **alternate name**: Queensway <small>(within Ottawa)</small>
- **map**: Ontario 417 map.svg
- **length km**: 187.0
- **established**: 1971
- **direction a**: East
- **terminus a**: towards Montreal, QC
- **junction**:

- **direction b**: West
- **previous type**: ON
- **previous route**: 416
- **next type**: ON
- **next route**: 420
Zilpha Keatley Snyder

**Zilpha Keatley Snyder** (May 11, 1927 – October 8, 2014) was an American author of books for children and young adults. Three of Snyder's works were named Newbery Honor books: _The Egypt Game_, _The Headless Cupid_ and _The Witches of Worm_.

Snyder died in San Francisco, California from a stroke, aged 87.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Zilpha Keatley Snyder
- **caption**: _Photo of Zilpha Keatley Snyder_
- **birth name**: zilpha the boi
- **birth date**: May 11, 1927
- **death date**: October 8, 2014 (aged 87)
- **birth place**: Lemoore, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: San Francisco, California, U.S.
- **residence**: Northern California
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Novelist
- **genre**: Fantasy
- **notableworks**: _The Egypt Game_ series
- **spouse**: Larry Snyder
- **children**: Susan Melissa, Douglas, Ben
Decatur, Georgia

**Decatur** is a city in, and county seat of, DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. It has a population of 24,928, as of the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Decatur, Georgia
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Decatur courthouse north side.jpg
- **image caption**: Old DeKalb County Courthouse
- **motto**: "A City of Homes, Schools and Places of Worship"
- **image map**: DeKalb County Georgia Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Decatur Highlighted 1322052.svg
- **map caption**: Location in DeKalb County, Georgia, DeKalb County and the state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **pushpin map**: Metro Atlanta#USA Georgia#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Decatur
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Georgia (U.S. state), County
- **subdivision name1**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **subdivision name2**: DeKalb County, Georgia, DeKalb
- **established title**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **named for**: Commodore (United States), Commodore Stephen Decatur
- **government type**: City commission government, Commission–Manager
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total sq mi**: 4.60
- **area total km2**: 11.92
- **area land sq mi**: 4.60
- **area land km2**: 11.91
- **area water sq mi**: 0.01
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **elevation m**: 318
- **elevation ft**: 1043
- **population total**: 24928
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density sq mi**: 5422.67
- **population density km2**: 2093.77
- **postal code type**: ZIP code, ZIP code(s)
- **postal code**: 30030, 30032, 30033
- **area code**: Area code 404, 404, Area codes 678 and 470, 678 and 470
- **pushpin label**: Decatur
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 13-22052
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0331532
- **blank2 name**: Major airport
- **blank2 info**: Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, ATL
Pavel Landovský

**Pavel Landovský** (September 11, 1936 – October 10, 2014) was a Czech actor, playwright and director. He was born in Německý Brod. He studied at the Faculty of Theatre in Prague. Landovský died in Prague, Czech Republic from a heart attack, aged 78.

## Some of his movies

|Year|Title|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2005|_Kousek nebe_||||
|1989|_Follow Me_||||
|1988|_The Unbearable Lightness of Being_||||
|1971|_The Tricky Game of Love_||||
|rowspan="3"|1969|_End of a Priest_|||
|Adelheid|||||
|Já, truchlivý bůh|||||
Carmelo Simeone

**Carmelo Simeone** "Cholo", (September 22, 1933 – October 11, 2014) was an Argentine football defender. He won three league championships with Boca Juniors. Simeone played for the Argentina national team. He was born in Ciudadela, Argentina.

Simeone started his playing career in 1955 with Vélez Sársfield. In 1961 he joined Boca Juniors where he was an important defensive player in the teams that won the Argentine Primera in 1962, 1964 and 1965. Simeone left Boca In 1967 and spent some time playing for Sportivo Belgrano in the lower leagues of Argentine football.

Simeone represented Argentina at the Copa América in 1959, and at the 1966 FIFA World Cup.

Simeone died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 81.

## Titles

|Season|Team|Title|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1962|Boca Juniors|Primera División Argentina|
|1964|Boca Juniors|Primera División Argentina|
|1965|Boca Juniors|Primera División Argentina|

## Other websites

- Boca Juniors profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Carmelo Simeone
- **image**: Carmelo Simeone.jpg
- **image size**: 240
- **caption**: Simeone at Boca Juniors
- **birth place**: Ciudadela, Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **position**: Defender (football), Defender
- **years1**: 1955–1961
- **years2**: 1962–1967
- **years3**: 1968–?
- **clubs1**: Club Atlético Vélez Sársfield, Vélez Sársfield
- **clubs2**: Boca Juniors
- **clubs3**: Sportivo Belgrano de San Francisco, Sportivo Belgrano
- **caps1**: 164
- **caps2**: 152
- **caps3**: ?
- **goals1**: 0
- **goals2**: 1
- **goals3**: ?
- **nationalyears1**: 1959–1966
- **nationalteam1**: Argentina national football team, Argentina
- **nationalcaps1**: 22
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **pcupdate**: March 2008
Juan José Pizzuti

**Juan José Pizzuti** (9 May 1927 – 24 January 2020) was an Argentine football striker and football manager. He enjoyed his most notable successes as a player. He was the manager of the Racing Club de Avellaneda. He was born in Barracas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Pizzuti played for Argentina between 1951 and 1959, he was part of the squad for the South American Championship in 1959 where he scored three goals to help them to win the title.

Pizzuti died on 24 January 2020 in Buenos Aires at the age of 92.

## Titles as a player

|Season|Team|Title|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1958|Racing Club|Primera División Argentina|
|1959|Argentina|South American Championship|
|1961|Racing Club|Primera División Argentina|
|1962|Boca Juniors|Primera División Argentina|

## Titles as a manager

|Season|Team|Title|
| --- | --- | --- |
|1966|Racing Club|Primera División Argentina|
|1967|Racing Club|Copa Libertadores|
|1967|Racing Club|Copa Intercontinental|

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Juan José Pizzuti
- **image**: Pizzutti 1961.jpeg
- **caption**: Pizzuti with Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club in 1961
- **fullname**: Juan José Pizzuti
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **position**: Striker (association football), Striker
- **youthyears1**: 1941–1947
- **youthclubs1**: Club Atlético Banfield, Banfield
- **years1**: 1947–1950
- **years2**: 1951
- **years3**: 1952–1954
- **years4**: 1955
- **years5**: 1956–1962
- **years6**: 1962–1963
- **clubs1**: Club Atlético Banfield, Banfield
- **clubs2**: Club Atlético River Plate, River Plate
- **clubs3**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **clubs4**: Boca Juniors
- **clubs5**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **clubs6**: Boca Juniors
- **caps1**: 77
- **caps2**: 30
- **caps3**: 213  (total)
- **caps4**: 20
- **caps5**: (see above)
- **caps6**: 9
- **goals1**: 47
- **goals2**: 7
- **goals3**: 118
- **goals4**: 9
- **goals6**: 2
- **totalcaps**: 349
- **totalgoals**: 183
- **nationalyears1**: 1951–1959
- **nationalteam1**: Argentina national football team, Argentina
- **nationalcaps1**: 12
- **nationalgoals1**: 4
- **manageryears1**: 1964–1965
- **managerclubs1**: Club Atlético Chacarita Juniors, Chacarita Juniors
- **manageryears2**: 1965–1969
- **managerclubs2**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **manageryears3**: 1970–1972
- **managerclubs3**: Argentina national football team, Argentina
- **manageryears4**: 1973
- **managerclubs4**: Club Atlético Colón, Colón
- **manageryears5**: 1974
- **managerclubs5**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **manageryears6**: 1975–1976
- **managerclubs6**: Independiente Medellín
- **manageryears7**: 1983
- **managerclubs7**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
- **manageryears8**: 1993
- **managerclubs8**: Racing Club de Avellaneda, Racing Club
José Varacka

**José Varacka** (27 May 1932 – 22 October 2018) was an Argentine football player and coach. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

### Club career

Varacka played for three of the big five teams in Argentina. He started his career in 1952 with Independiente. In 1954 he played and scored in a famous 6–0 win over Real Madrid. He joined River Plate in 1960 where he played for six seasons.

In 1966 Varacka joined San Lorenzo de Almagro and after one season with the club he would down his career at Colo-Colo in Chile and then Miraflores in Peru.

### International career

Varacka played in the 1958 and 1966 editions of the FIFA World Cup. He played in the Copa América 1956 and 1959. He also played in the 1964 Copa de Las Naciones, played in Brazil.

### Manager career

Varacka started his managerial career with Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata in 1968. He went on to serve as the manager of Boca Juniors and River Plate.

## Death

Varacka died on 22 October 2018 in Buenos Aires at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- BDFA profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: José Varacka
- **image**: José Varacka - El Gráfico 2255.jpg
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 1952–1960
- **years2**: 1960–1965
- **years3**: 1966
- **years4**: 1967
- **years5**: 1967
- **clubs1**: Club Atlético Independiente, Independiente
- **clubs2**: Club Atlético River Plate, River Plate
- **clubs3**: San Lorenzo de Almagro, San Lorenzo
- **clubs4**: Colo-Colo
- **clubs5**: Club Social Miraflores, Miraflores
- **caps1**: 202
- **caps2**: 146
- **caps3**: 17
- **goals1**: 2
- **goals2**: 1
- **goals3**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 1956–1966
- **nationalteam1**: Argentina national football team, Argentina
- **nationalcaps1**: 28
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **manageryears1**: 1968–1971
- **manageryears2**: 1972
- **manageryears3**: 1973–1974
- **manageryears4**: 1975
- **manageryears5**: 1975–1977
- **manageryears6**: 1978–1979
- **manageryears7**: 1979
- **manageryears8**: 1980–1981
- **manageryears9**: 1981–1983
- **manageryears10**: 1983
- **manageryears11**: 1984
- **manageryears12**: 1987–1988
- **managerclubs1**: Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata, Gimnasia LP
- **managerclubs2**: Boca Juniors
- **managerclubs3**: Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata, Gimnasia LP
- **managerclubs4**: Club Atlético Atlanta, Atlanta
- **managerclubs5**: Atlético Junior
- **managerclubs6**: Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata, Gimnasia LP
- **managerclubs7**: Millonarios
- **managerclubs8**: Atlético Junior
- **managerclubs9**: Argentinos Juniors
- **managerclubs10**: Club Atlético River Plate, River Plate
- **managerclubs11**: Atlético Junior
- **managerclubs12**: Atlético Junior
- **pcupdate**: November 2008
José Sarney

**José Sarney de Araújo Costa** (born 24 April 1930) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and writer. He was President of Brazil from 15 March 1985 to 15 March 1990.

He was originally elected Vice President of Brazil with Tancredo Neves as President. However the day before the inauguration, Neves died from diverticulitis. Sarney was sworn in as Vice President of Brazil on 15 March 1985 and became president on 21 April.

In July 2021, Sarney was hospitalized for pleural effusion and had surgery to remove fluid from his lungs.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: José Sarney
- **image**: Entrevistas Diversas - 49652165431 (cropped).jpg
- **order1**: 31st
- **office1**: President of Brazil
- **term start1**: April 21, 1985
- **term end1**: March 14, 1990

- **vicepresident1**: _None_
- **predecessor1**: João Figueiredo
- **successor1**: Fernando Collor de Mello
- **order2**: 20th
- **office2**: Vice President of Brazil
- **term start2**: March 15, 1985
- **term end2**: April 21, 1985
- **president2**: Tancredo Neves (elect)
- **predecessor2**: Aureliano Chaves
- **successor2**: Itamar Franco
- **order3**: President of the Federal Senate (Brazil), President of the Federal Senate
- **term start3**: February 2, 2009
- **term end3**: February 1, 2013
- **predecessor3**: Garibaldi Alves Filho
- **successor3**: Renan Calheiros
- **term start4**: February 1, 2003
- **term end4**: February 14, 2005
- **predecessor4**: Ramez Tebet
- **successor4**: Renan Calheiros
- **term start5**: February 2, 1995
- **term end5**: February 4, 1997
- **predecessor5**: Humberto Lucena
- **successor5**: Antônio Carlos Magalhães
- **order6**: Federal Senate, Senator for Amapá
- **term start6**: February 1, 1991
- **term end6**: February 1, 2015
- **order7**: Federal Senate, Senator for Maranhão
- **term start7**: February 1, 1971
- **term end7**: March 15, 1985
- **order8**: 48th List of Governors of Maranhão, Governor of Maranhão
- **term start8**: January 31, 1966
- **term end8**: May 14, 1970
- **1blankname8**: Vice Governor
- **1namedata8**: Antônio Dino
- **predecessor8**: Newton Bello
- **successor8**: Antônio Dino
- **order9**: Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Federal Deputy for Maranhão
- **term start9**: June 6, 1955
- **term end9**: January 31, 1966
- **birth name**: José Ribamar Ferreira de Araújo Costa
- **birth place**: Pinheiro, Maranhão, Pinheiro, Maranhão, Brazil
- **party**: National Democratic Union (Brazil), UDN <small>(1955–1965)</small>
National Renewal Alliance Party, ARENA <small>(1965–1979)</small>
Democratic Social Party, PDS <small>(1979–1985)</small>
Democrats (Brazil), PFL <small>(1985)</small>
Brazilian Democratic Movement, PMDB <small>(1985–2017)</small>
Brazilian Democratic Movement, MDB <small>(2017–present)</small>
- **children**: Roseana Sarney <small>(b. 1953)</small>
 Fernando Sarney <small>(b. 1955)</small>
 Sarney Filho, José Sarney Filho <small>(b. 1957)</small>
- **alma mater**: Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA)
- **signature**: Presidente José Sarney assinatura.jpg
Albacete Cathedral

**Albacete Cathedral** (also known as **Cathedral of San Juan de Albacete**) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Albacete, Spain.

## Other websites

- Cathedral of Albacete in jdiezarnal
- Cathedral of Albacete in Arteguias
- Bells of the Cathedral of Albacete

## Infobox (historic site)

- **name**: Albacete Cathedral
 (Cathedral of San Juan de Albacete)
- **image**: Catedral de Albacete.jpg
- **locmapin**: Spain
- **location**: Albacete, Spain
- **designation1**: Spain
- **designation1 offname**: Albacete Cathedral
- **designation1 type**: Non-movable
- **designation1 criteria**: Monument
- **designation1 date**: 1982
- **designation1 number**: RI-51-0004621