juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mitsunori Yamao

**Mitsunori Yamao** (born 13 April 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996||Nagoya Grampus Eight||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|Football League||26||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||29||2
|-
|1998||28||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|Tokyo||J. League 2||2||0||2||0||4||0||8||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|2001||7||0||1||0||0||0||8||0
|-
|2002||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2002||Cerezo Osaka||J. League 2||17||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Yokohama||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||38||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||41||1
|-
|2004||39||1||3||1||colspan="2"|-||42||2
|-
|2005||31||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
195||7||16||1||5||0||216||8
195||7||16||1||5||0||216||8
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Mitsunori Yamao
山尾 光則
- **fullname**: Mitsunori Yamao
- **birth place**: Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Aichi, Japan
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthyears1**: 1992–1995
- **youthclubs1**: Aichi Gakuin University
- **years1**: 1996
- **clubs1**: Nagoya Grampus, Nagoya Grampus Eight
- **caps1**: 0
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 1997–1998
- **clubs2**: Ventforet Kofu
- **caps2**: 54
- **goals2**: 4
- **years3**: 1999–2002
- **clubs3**: FC Tokyo
- **caps3**: 16
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 2002
- **clubs4**: Cerezo Osaka
- **caps4**: 17
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 2003–2005
- **clubs5**: Yokohama FC
- **caps5**: 108
- **goals5**: 3
- **totalcaps**: 195
- **totalgoals**: 7
Lucas Bernardi

**Lucas Bernardi** (born 27 September 1977) is Argentine former football player and manager.

## Club career

Bernardi began his playing career with Newell's Old Boys before joining French team Olympique de Marseille in 2001. After one season with Marseille he joined AS Monaco where he played over 200 games for the club. He was part of the team that reached the final of the 2003–04 UEFA Champions League. In 2009, he returned to Argentina to rejoin Newell's.

### Club

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|National Cup|colspan="2"|League Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="5"|Newell's Old Boys|1997–98|rowspan="4"|Primera División|||||-|-|-|||||
|1998–99|23|0|||-|-|-|23|0|||||||
|1999–2000|34|2|||-|-|-|34|2|||||||
|2000–01|17|1|||-|-|-|17|1|||||||
|Marseille|2000–01|Ligue 1|8|0|||0|0|–|–|8|0||||
|rowspan="8"|Monaco|2001–02|rowspan="7"|Ligue 1|23|0|||0|0|-|-|23|0||
|2002–03|31|0|||4|0|-|-|35|0||||||
|2003-04|33|2|||0|0|12|0|-|45|2|||||
|2004–05|24|1|||1|0|5|0|-|30|1|||||
|2005-06|32|0|||3|0|10|0|-|45|0|||||
|2006–07|16|0|||2|0|-|-|18|0||||||
|2007-08|19|0|||1|0|-|-|20|0||||||
|rowspan="8"|Newell's Old Boys|2008–09|rowspan="7"|Primera División|18|0|||-|-|-|0|0|||
|2009–10|35|2|||-|2|0|-|0|0||||||
|2010–11|24|0|||-|6|0|-|0|0||||||
|2011–12|37|0|1|0|-|-|-|0|0|||||||
|2012–13|30|0|1|0|-|8|0|-|0|0||||||
|2013–14|35|1|1|0|-|6|1|-|0|0||||||
|2014|19|0|0|0|-|-|-|0|0|||||||

### International

|National team||Year||Apps||Goals|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|Argentina||||||
|2004|1|0|||||
|2005|5|0|||||

### Managerial

.
|rowspan="2"|Team|rowspan="2"||rowspan="2"|From|rowspan="2"|To|colspan="5"|Record|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Newell's Old Boys|Argentina|July 2015|February 2016|||||||
|Arsenal de Sarandí|Argentina|November 2016|December 2016|||||||
|Godoy Cruz|Argentina|December 2016|_present_|||||||

## Honours

**Monaco**
- Coupe de la Ligue 2002–03
- UEFA Champions League: Runner-up 2003–04

**Newell's Old Boys**
- Argentine Primera División 2012–13
Gonzalo Vargas

**Gonzalo Vargas** (born 22 September 1981) is an Uruguayan football player. He plays for Atlas.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="4"|Defensor Sporting||rowspan="4"|Primera División||6||1
|-
|2002||38||19
|-
|2003||33||12
|-
|2004||17||11

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata||rowspan="2"|Primera División||18||5
|-
|2005/06||37||22

|-
|2006/07||Monaco||Ligue 1||8||0
|-
|2007/08||Sochaux-Montbéliard||Ligue 1||4||0

|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Atlas||rowspan="2"|Primera División||32||10
|-
|2009/10||||
94||43
55||27
12||0
32||10
193||80
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||6||2
|-
|2007||3||1
|-
!Total||10||3
|}
Sebastián Riep

**Sebastián Riep** (born 20 February 1976) is a Argentine former professional football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1997||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||11||0||0||0||5||1||16||1
11||0||0||0||5||1||16||1
11||0||0||0||5||1||16||1
|}
Marcelo Carracedo

**Marcelo Carracedo** (born 16 April 1970) is a former Argentine football player.

## Career statistics

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1989–90|Fortuna Düsseldorf|Bundesliga|6|0|||0|0|6|0|
|1990–91|14|1|||0|0|14|1|||
|1991–92|26|1|||0|0|26|1|||
|1997|Avispa Fukuoka|J1 League|5|0|0|0|5|0|10|0|

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Marcelo Carracedo
- **fullname**: Marcelo Carracedo
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **height**: 1.70 m
- **position**: Midfielder
- **years1**: 1989–1990
- **clubs1**: Estudiantes de La Plata
- **years2**: 1990
- **clubs2**: Real Murcia
- **years3**: 1990–1992
- **clubs3**: Fortuna Düsseldorf
- **years4**: 1993–1994
- **clubs4**: FC Tirol
- **years5**: 1994–1995
- **clubs5**: Santos Laguna
- **years6**: 1996
- **clubs6**: Monarcas Morelia, Atlético Morelia
- **years7**: 1996–1997
- **clubs7**: Club Atlético Platense, Platense
- **years8**: 1997
- **clubs8**: Avispa Fukuoka
- **years9**: 1998–1999
- **clubs9**: Rosario Central
- **years10**: 1999–2000
- **clubs10**: Club Deportivo Universidad Católica, Universidad Católica
- **caps3**: 46
- **goals3**: 2
- **nationalyears1**: 1989
- **nationalteam1**: Argentina national under-20 football team, Argentina U20
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Yusuke Nakamura

**Yusuke Nakamura** (born 6 October 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Ryukyu.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2005||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2006||J. League 2||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2007||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Ryukyu||rowspan="3"|Football League||21||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||21||1
|-
|2009||32||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
54||3||1||0||0||0||55||3
54||3||1||0||0||0||55||3
|}
Masaki Iwamoto

**Masaki Iwamoto** (born 30 October 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for HOYO Atletico ELAN Oita.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||Thespa Kusatsu||Football League||9||1||||||9||1
|-
|2005||HOYO Atletico ELAN Oita||Prefectural Leagues||||||||||||
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|V-Varen Nagasaki||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||14||13||1||0||15||13
|-
|2007||17||12||2||1||19||13
40||26||3||1||43||27
40||26||3||1||43||27
|}
Luís Augusto

**Luis Augusto Osorio Romao** (born 20 November 1983) is a Brazilian football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2006||Yokohama||J. League 2||34||6||1||0||colspan="2"|-||35||6
|-
|2007||Oita Trinita||J. League 1||11||2||1||1||3||2||15||5
|-
|2008||Albirex Niigata||J. League 1||4||0||0||0||1||0||5||0
49||8||2||1||4||2||55||11
49||8||2||1||4||2||55||11

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Luís Augusto
- **fullname**: Luís Augusto Osório Romão do Nascimento
- **birth place**: Oeiras Municipality, Piauí, Oeiras, Brazil
- **position**: Attacking midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Santos FC, Santos
- **years1**: 2004–2008
- **clubs1**: Santos FC, Santos
- **caps1**: 27
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2005
- **clubs2**: → Paysandu Sport Club, Paysandu (loan)
- **caps2**: 30
- **goals2**: 6
- **years3**: 2006
- **clubs3**: → Yokohama FC (loan)
- **caps3**: 34
- **goals3**: 6
- **years4**: 2007
- **clubs4**: → Oita Trinita (loan)
- **caps4**: 11
- **goals4**: 2
- **years5**: 2008
- **clubs5**: Albirex Niigata
- **caps5**: 4
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 2011
- **clubs6**: Clube Atlético Bragantino, Bragantino
- **caps6**: 0
- **goals6**: 0
- **years7**: 2012
- **clubs7**: Comercial Futebol Clube (SP), Comercial-SP
- **caps7**: 8
- **goals7**: 1
- **years8**: 2012
- **clubs8**: Guarany Sporting Club, Guarany de Sobral
- **caps8**: 5
- **goals8**: 0
- **years9**: 2013
- **clubs9**: Brasiliense Futebol Clube, Brasiliense
- **caps9**: 3
- **goals9**: 0
- **years10**: 2015
- **clubs10**: River Atlético Clube, River
- **caps10**: 5
- **goals10**: 0
Oxfordshire Ironstone Railway

The **Oxfordshire Ironstone Railway** (the O.I.R.) was a standard gauge railway that served an ironstone quarry near the village of Wroxton in Oxfordshire. It linked to the Great Western Railway about  to the east, just north of the town of Banbury. Both the quarry and line opened in 1917 and closed in 1967, when the Ironstone ran out. It never became part of British Rail and was run by the quarry's owners.

The quarry was heavily worked in the Second World War, due to extra war needs. A newer quarry close by is now served by trucks only.

The OIR operated its own fleet of steam locomotives: 0-6-0T, 0-6-0ST and 0-4-0ST's.

Heavy clay and Ironstone deposits surround Banbury.

## Related pages

- Welsh Highland Railway
- Quarry
- Slate pit
- Clay pit
- Coal mine
- Mineral railway

## Other websites

- Photo gallery of the disused railway#
- https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199182#
- https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199179#
- https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/197427#
- http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199174
- http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199177
- http://apollopark.uk/
- http://www.deddingtonhistory.uk/ironstone/ironstonepics.html
- http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199174
- http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199177
- http://www.steve-banks.org/prototype-and-traffic/202-banbury-yards-and-freight
- http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/199179
- http://www.wow.com/wiki/Oxfordshire_Ironstone_Railway
- http://www.rightmove.co.uk/house-prices/OX16/Pinhill-Road.html
- Photo gallery of the disused railway
Zat Knight

**Zat Knight** (born 2 May 1980) is an English football player. He plays for Bolton Wanderers.

### Club

|rowspan=2|Club|rowspan=2|Season|colspan=3|League|colspan=2|FA Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Europe|colspan=2|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan=10|Fulham|1999–2000|First Division|0|0|0|0|0|0|—|0|0||
|2000–01|First Division|0|0|0|0|3|0|—|3|0||||
|2001–02|Premier League|10|0|3|0|2|0|—|15|0||||
|2002–03|Premier League|17|0|1|0|1|0|5|0|24|0|||
|2003–04|Premier League|31|0|6|0|0|0|—|37|0||||
|2004–05|Premier League|35|1|5|1|2|0|—|42|2||||
|2005–06|Premier League|30|0|1|0|1|0|—|32|0||||
|2006–07|Premier League|23|2|1|0|0|0|—|24|2||||
|2007–08|Premier League|4|0|—|—|—|4|0||||||
|Peterborough United (loan)|1999–2000|Third Division|8|0|—|—|—|8|0|||||
|rowspan=3|Aston Villa|2007–08|Premier League|27|1|0|0|1|0|—|28|1||
|2008–09|Premier League|13|1|3|0|1|0|9|0|26|1|||
|rowspan=6|Bolton Wanderers|2009–10|Premier League|35|1|3|0|3|0|—|41|1||
|2010–11|Premier League|34|1|3|0|2|0|—|39|1||||
|2011–12|Premier League|25|0|2|0|2|0|—|29|0||||
|2012–13|Championship|43|0|3|0|1|0|—|47|0||||
|2013–14|Championship|31|2|2|0|2|0|—|35|2||||
|Colorado Rapids|2014|Major League Soccer|4|0|—|—|—|4|0|||||
|Reading|2014–15|Championship|2|0|—|—|—|2|0|||||

### International

|National team|Year|Apps|Goals|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|England|2005|2|0|

## Honours

- Fulham
- UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2002
Yuji Okuma

**Yuji Okuma** (born 19 January 1969) is a retired Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1991/92||rowspan="2"|Hitachi||JSL Division 1||16||0||||||||||16||0
|-
|1992||Football League||16||1||||||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|-
|1993||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="2"|Football League||16||2||1||0||6||0||23||2
|-
|1994||20||4||0||0||0||0||20||4
|-
|1995||J. League 1||24||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||0
|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||19||0||2||0||13||1||34||1
|-
|1997||31||1||2||0||5||0||38||1
|-
|1998||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||21||0||3||1||4||0||28||1
163||8||8||1||28||1||199||10
163||8||8||1||28||1||199||10
|}
Shoji Ikitsu

**Shoji Ikitsu** (born 20 May 1977) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="4"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0
|-
|1997||8||0
|-
|1998||3||0
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|1999||Sagan Tosu||J. League 2||17||0
28||0
28||0

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Shoji Ikitsu
生津 将司
- **fullname**: Shoji Ikitsu
- **birth place**: Fukuoka Prefecture, Fukuoka, Japan
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1993–1995
- **youthclubs1**: Higashi Fukuoka High School
- **years1**: 1996–1999
- **clubs1**: Avispa Fukuoka
- **caps1**: 11
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 1999
- **clubs2**: Sagan Tosu
- **caps2**: 17
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2001
- **clubs3**: Giravanz Kitakyushu, New Wave Kitakyushu
- **totalcaps**: 28
- **totalgoals**: 0
Shuta Sonoda

**Shuta Sonoda** (born 6 February 1969) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1988/89||rowspan="4"|All Nippon Airways||rowspan="4"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1989/90||||||||||||||||
|-
|1990/91||16||3||||||0||0||16||3
|-
|1991/92||11||1||||||0||0||11||1
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Yokohama Flügels||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||0||0||0||0
|-
|1993||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1994||Fujieda Blux||Football League||27||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||5
|-
|1995||Fukuoka Blux||Football League||27||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||30||0
|-
|1996||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 1||17||1||2||1||13||0||32||2
|-
|1997||rowspan="3"|Sagawa Express Tokyo||rowspan="3"|Football League||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
98||10||5||1||13||0||116||11
98||10||5||1||13||0||116||11
|}
Jesús Navas

**Jesús Navas** (born 21 November 1985) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Sevilla and Spanish national team.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="7"|Sevilla||rowspan="7"|La Liga||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2004/05||23||2||0||0||4||0||27||2
|-
|2005/06||34||2||0||0||12||0||46||2
|-
|2006/07||29||1||4||1||8||0||41||2
|-
|2007/08||36||4||0||0||10||0||46||4
|-
|2008/09||35||4||6||1||6||0||47||5
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||
162||13||10||2||40||0||212||15
162||13||10||2||40||0||212||15
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|2009||2||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||2||0
|}
Tomoyasu Asaoka

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography

Asaoka was born in Tokyo Metropolis on April 6, 1962. After graduating from the University of Tsukuba, he joined Japan Soccer League club Nippon Kokan in 1985. Starting in 1985, the club won second place for three years in a row. He played 63 matches and was selected Best Eleven 1985/86. He moved to Yomiuri in 1988. The club won the league championship in 1990–91. He retired in 1991.

In April 1987, Asaoka was selected the Japan national team for 1988 Summer Olympics qualification. At this qualification, on April 12, he debuted against Singapore. He played 8 games for Japan until 1989.

Asaoka died on 6 October 2021 in Tokyo, aged 59.

### Club

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|Emperor's Cup|colspan="2"|JSL Cup|colspan="2"|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="4"|Nippon Kokan|1985–86|rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1|21|2|||||21|2|
|1986–87|21|2|||||21|2|||||
|1987–88|21|2|||||21|2|||||
|rowspan="4"|Yomiuri|1988–89|rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1|17|2|3|1|3|0|23|3|
|1989–90|22|0|4|0|3|0|29|0|||||
|1990–91|1|0|1|0|0|0|2|0|||||

### International

|National team|Year|Apps|Goals||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|Japan|1987|1|0|
|1988|5|0|||
|1989|2|0|||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Tomoyasu Asaoka
浅岡 朝泰
- **fullname**: Tomoyasu Asaoka
- **birth place**: Tokyo, Japan
- **height**: 1.76 m
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1978–1980
- **youthclubs1**: Soka High School
- **collegeyears1**: 1981–1984
- **college1**: University of Tsukuba
- **years1**: 1985–1988
- **clubs1**: NKK SC, Nippon Kokan
- **caps1**: 63
- **goals1**: 6
- **years2**: 1988–1991
- **clubs2**: Tokyo Verdy, Yomiuri
- **caps2**: 40
- **goals2**: 2
- **totalcaps**: 103
- **totalgoals**: 8
- **nationalyears1**: 1987–1989
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national football team, Japan
- **nationalcaps1**: 8
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Lee Myung-bak

**Lee Myung-bak** () ; born 19 December 1941) was President of South Korea from 2008 to 2013. After leaving office, he was accused of corruption and bribery. He was found guilty of accepting bribes and abusing his power.

Lee was born on December 19, 1941 in Japan. After the end of World War II in 1945, his family came back to his father's hometown Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. Lee went to night school at Dongji Commercial High School.

On March 26, 2010 an explosion destroyed the South Korean warship Cheonan. This killed 40 men. Six men also disappeared. They are thought to be dead. An investigation into the sinking blamed North Korea. They said that a torpedo fired by a North Korean submarine had sunk the ship. North Korea said it had nothing to do with the Cheonan's sinking. They said they were not guilty. Lee said their denial was "laughable". He stopped all trade between the north and south. He also asked the United Nations to help them against North Korea. He also began sending radio messages to North Korean people.

Lee is a Christian and goes to the Somang Presbyterian church. When he was a mayor, he once declared that Seoul was a "holy place governed by God". He has been much criticized for his beliefs. Buddhist people protested that Lee was a threat to their religion.

Lee has also been criticized for not giving enough political freedom to the people. For example, the police limited demonstrations. But Lee said, "I fully understand the protestors' point of view on the matter". He added, "Protesting culture has a deep root in democracy of Korea and despite the ongoing political upheaval of this country, the enthusiasm that the protesters showed is one  embrace (approve) and this  a positive (good) drive of Korea's development."

After leaving office, Lee was arrested in March 2018. He was charged with taking bribes and abusing his power. In 29 October 2020, South Korea’s Supreme Court upheld a 17-year prison sentence for Lee. On 27 December 2022, President Yoon Suk Yeol granted Lee a special pardon.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Lee Myung-bak
<small>Hangul: 이명박</small>
<small>Hanja: 李明博</small>
- **image**: Lee Myung-bak presidential portrait.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2008
- **office**: 10th President of South Korea
- **primeminister**: Kim Hwang-sik
- **predecessor**: Roh Moo-hyun
- **successor**: Park Geun-hye, Park Geunhye
- **term start**: 25 February 2008
- **term end**: 25 February 2013
- **office2**: Mayor of Seoul
- **predecessor2**: Goh Kun
- **successor2**: Oh Se-hoon
- **term start2**: 1 July 2002
- **term end2**: 30 June 2006
- **birth place**: Osaka, Empire of Japan, Japan
- **nationality**: South Korean
- **party**: Grand National Party
- **spouse**: Kim Yun-ok
- **profession**: Businessman
- **signature**: Lee myungbak signature.png
Ryosuke Matsuoka

**Ryosuke Matsuoka** (born 23 October 1984) is a Japanese football player.

## Club statistics

_Updated to 1 January 2020_.

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2007|Vissel Kobe|J1 League|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|
|2008|28|0|2|0|6|0|36|0|||
|2009|29|1|2|0|5|0|36|1|||
|2010|23|1|0|0|5|0|28|1|||
|2011|22|2|2|1|2|0|26|3|||
|2012|Júbilo Iwata|1|0|0|0|2|1|3|1||
|2013|5|0|1|0|1|0|7|0|||
|2014|Montedio Yamagata|J2 League|34|1|3|0|–|37|1||
|2015|J1 League|16|0|0|0|2|1|18|1||
|2016|J2 League|27|2|3|2|–|30|4|||
|2017|12|0|1|0|–|13|0||||
|2018|3|0|2|0|–|5|0||||
|2019|Fujieda MYFC|J3 League|34|0|–|–|34|0|||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ryosuke Matsuoka
 松岡 亮輔
- **fullname**: Ryosuke Matsuoka
- **birth place**: Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Hyōgo, Japan
- **height**: 1.73 m
- **currentclub**: Berkeley Goats FC
- **clubnumber**: 30
- **position**: Midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1997–2002
- **youthclubs1**: Cerezo Osaka Youth
- **youthyears2**: 2003–2006
- **youthclubs2**: Hannan University
- **years1**: 2007–2011
- **clubs1**: Vissel Kobe
- **caps1**: 102
- **goals1**: 4
- **years2**: 2012–2013
- **clubs2**: Júbilo Iwata
- **caps2**: 6
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2014–2018
- **clubs3**: Montedio Yamagata
- **caps3**: 93
- **goals3**: 3
- **years4**: 2019–
- **clubs4**: Fujieda MYFC
- **caps4**: 34
- **goals4**: 0
- **pcupdate**: 1 January 2020
Toru Hasegawa

**Toru Hasegawa** (born 11 December 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokushima Vortis.

## Club statistics

_Updated to end of 2018 season_.

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Continental|colspan=2|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2007|Nagoya Grampus|J1 League|0|0|0|0|2|0|-|2|0|
|2008|0|0|0|0|0|0|-|0|0|||
|2009|1|0|0|0|0|0|1|0|2|0||
|2010|0|0|0|0|0|0|-|0|0|||
|2011|0|0|0|0|0|0|-|0|0|||
|Tokushima Vortis|J2 League|0|0|0|0|-|-|0|0|||
|2012|1|0|1|0|-|-|2|0||||
|2013|6|0|0|0|-|-|6|0||||
|2014|J1 League|27|0|1|0|1|0|-|29|0||
|2015|J2 League|37|0|4|0|-|-|41|0|||
|2016|28|0|0|0|-|-|28|0||||
|2017|28|0|0|0|-|-|28|0||||
|2018|0|0|0|0|-|-|0|0||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Toru Hasegawa
 長谷川 徹
- **fullname**: Toru Hasegawa
- **birth place**: Seto, Aichi, Japan
- **currentclub**: Tokushima Vortis
- **clubnumber**: 31
- **position**: Goalkeeper (football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 2001–2006
- **youthclubs1**: Nagoya Grampus, Nagoya Grampus Eight Youth
- **years1**: 2007–2011
- **clubs1**: Nagoya Grampus
- **caps1**: 1
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2011–
- **clubs2**: Tokushima Vortis
- **caps2**: 127
- **goals2**: 0
- **pcupdate**: 30 December 2018
Thomas Müller

**Thomas Müller** (born 13 September 1989) is a German football player, who acts as a Striker. He plays for the Vancouver Whitecaps. He can play both as a striker and as an Attacking Midfielder.

## Club career statistics

- _.
|Colspan="3"|Club performance|Colspan="2"|League|Colspan="2"|Cup|Colspan="2"|Continental|Colspan="2"|Other|Colspan="2"|Total|rowspan="3"||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|FC Bayern Munich II|Regionalliga Süd|2007–08|3|1|colspan="2"|—|rowspan="2" colspan="2"|—|rowspan="2" colspan="2"|—|**3**|**1**|||
|3. Liga|2008–09|32|15|colspan="2"|—|**32**|**15**|||||||||
|rowspan="6"|Bayern Munich|rowspan="6"|Bundesliga|2008–09|4|0|0|0|1|1|rowspan="2" colspan="2"|—|**5**|**1**||
|2009–10|34|13|6|4|12|2|**52**|**19**||||||||
|2010–11|34|12|5|3|8|3|1|1|**48**|**19**||||||
|2011–12|34|7|5|2|14|2|colspan="2"|—|**53**|**11**||||||
|2012–13|28|13|5|1|13|8|1|1|**47**|**23**||||||
|2013–14|31|13|5|8|13|4|2|1|**51**|**26**||||||

- 1.Includes statistics from UEFA Champions League and UEFA Super Cup.
- 2.Includes statistics from DFL-Supercup and FIFA Club World Cup.

## International career statistics

- _.

|-
|2010||12||5
|-
|2011||13||5
|-
|2012||13||0
|-
|2013||9||6
|-
|2014||9||6
|-
!Total||56||22
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Thomas Müller
- **image**: FC Red Bull Salzburg gegen Bayern München (2025-01-06 Testspiel) 19.jpg
- **caption**: Müller with Bayern Munich in 2025
- **full name**: Thomas Müller
- **birth place**: Weilheim in Oberbayern, West Germany
- **height**: 1.85 m
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward, attacking midfielder
- **currentclub**: Vancouver Whitecaps
- **clubnumber**: 25
- **youthyears1**: 1993–2000
- **youthclubs1**: TSV Pähl
- **youthyears2**: 2000–2008
- **youthclubs2**: FC Bayern Munich Junior Team, Bayern Munich
- **years1**: 2008–2009
- **clubs1**: FC Bayern Munich II, Bayern Munich II
- **caps1**: 35
- **goals1**: 16
- **years2**: 2008–2025
- **clubs2**: FC Bayern Munich, Bayern Munich
- **caps2**: 471
- **goals2**: 149
- **years3**: 2025–
- **clubs3**: Vancouver Whitecaps
- **nationalyears1**: 2004–2005
- **nationalteam1**: Germany national youth football team, Germany U16
- **nationalcaps1**: 6
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 2007
- **nationalteam2**: Germany national youth football team, Germany U19
- **nationalcaps2**: 3
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 2008
- **nationalteam3**: Germany national youth football team, Germany U20
- **nationalcaps3**: 1
- **nationalgoals3**: 1
- **nationalyears4**: 2009
- **nationalteam4**: Germany national under-21 football team, Germany U21
- **nationalcaps4**: 6
- **nationalgoals4**: 1
- **nationalyears5**: 2010–2024
- **nationalteam5**: Germany national football team, Germany
- **nationalcaps5**: 128
- **nationalgoals5**: 45
- **club-update**: 15:26, 27 April 2024 (UTC)
- **nationalteam-update**: 12:12, 30 March 2024 (UTC)
VfL Osnabrück

The **VfL Osnabrück** is a football club which plays in Germany.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: VfL Osnabrück
- **fullname**: Verein für Leibesübungen von 1899 e. V.
- **founded**: 17 April 1899
- **ground**: osnatel-Arena, Osnabrück
- **capacity**: 16,130
- **chairman**: Dirk Rasch
- **manager**: Karsten Baumann
- **league**: German 2. Bundesliga, 2. Bundesliga
- **season**: 2009–10 German 3. Liga, 2009–10
- **position**: German 3. Liga, 3. Liga, 1st
1. FC Union Berlin

The **1. FC Union Berlin** is a football club which plays in Berlin, Germany. It was founded in 1966.

## All time top scorer

Karim Benyamina (87)

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: 1. FC Union Berlin
- **image**: 1. FC Union Berlin Logo.svg
- **fullname**: 1. Fußballclub Union Berlin e. V.
- **founded**: 20 January 1966
- **ground**: Stadion An der Alten Försterei, Berlin
- **capacity**: 22,012
- **chairman**: Dirk Zingler
- **manager**: Bo Svensson
- **league**: Bundesliga
- **season**: 2023–24 Bundesliga, 2023–24
- **position**: Bundesliga, 15th
- **pattern la1**: _unionberlin2223h
- **pattern b1**: _unionberlin2223h
- **pattern ra1**: _unionberlin2223h
- **pattern sh1**: _adidaswhite
- **pattern so1**: _3_stripes_white
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _unionberlin2223a
- **pattern b2**: _unionberlin2223a
- **pattern ra2**: _unionberlin2223a
- **pattern sh2**: _unionberlin2223a
- **pattern so2**: _unionberlin2223a
- **leftarm2**: FFFFFF
- **body2**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm2**: FFFFFF
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **socks2**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la3**: _unionberlin2223t
- **pattern b3**: _unionberlin2223t
- **pattern ra3**: _unionberlin2223t
- **pattern sh3**: _unionberlin2223t
- **pattern so3**: _unionberlin2223t
- **leftarm3**: 000000
- **body3**: 000000
- **rightarm3**: 000000
- **shorts3**: 000000
- **socks3**: 000000
TuS Koblenz

The **TuS Koblenz** is a football club which plays in Germany.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: TuS Koblenz
- **fullname**: Turn- und Spielvereinigung Koblenz 1911 e. V.
- **founded**: 1934
- **ground**: Stadion Oberwerth, Koblenz
- **capacity**: 15,000
- **chairman**: Werner Hecker
- **manager**: Petrik Sander
- **league**: German 3. Liga, 3. Liga
- **season**: 2009–10 German 2. Bundesliga, 2009–10
- **position**: German 2. Bundesliga, 2. Bundesliga, 17th
1. FSV Mainz 05

The **1. FSV Mainz 05** is a football club which plays in Germany.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Mainz 05
- **fullname**: 1. Fußball- und Sport-Verein Mainz 05 e.V.
- **image**: Logo Mainz 05.svg
- **image size**: 200
- **nickname**: _Die Nullfünfer_ (the 05ers),
_Karnevalsverein_ (Carnival club)
- **ground**: Opel Arena (stadium), MEWA Arena
- **capacity**: 34,034
- **chrtitle**: President
- **chairman**: Stefan Hofmann
- **manager**: Christian Heidel
- **coach**: Bo Svensson
- **website**: http://www.mainz05.de/
- **current**: 2021–22 1. FSV Mainz 05 season
- **pattern la1**: _mainz2122h
- **pattern b1**: _mainz2122h
- **pattern ra1**: _mainz2122h
- **pattern sh1**: _mainz2021h
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FFFFFF
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _mainz2021h
- **pattern b2**: _mainz2021a
- **pattern ra2**: _mainz2021h
- **pattern sh2**: _monaco2021h
- **leftarm2**: FFFFFF
- **body2**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm2**: FFFFFF
- **shorts2**: FF0000
- **socks2**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la3**: _mainz2122t
- **pattern b3**: _mainz2122t
- **pattern ra3**: _mainz2122t
- **pattern sh3**: _mainz2122t
- **leftarm3**: 000000
- **body3**: 000000
- **rightarm3**: 000000
- **shorts3**: 000000
- **socks3**: 000000
Phonon

In physics, a **phonon** is a **quantized lattice vibration**.  The word **quantized** is used in physics to mean that only certain values of something are allowed.  Something that is quantized can be thought of as stairs; you can only move from step to step and you can't stand in between steps.  Something that is not quantized can be thought of as a ramp or smooth incline; you can move any distance up or down.  A **lattice** is the repeating or periodic structure of a crystal.  A crystal is made up of atoms or molecules in a certain pattern.  The points on the pattern at which the atoms or molecules are located is the **lattice**.  Solids, liquids, and gases can all experience vibrations.  A vibration being quantized means that only certain frequencies of vibrations are allowed.

Intuitively, there is no reason for lattice vibrations to be quantized.  The macroscopic or large-scale vibrations of a material are not quantized and can take on essentially any frequency.  It is only when we consider the tiny vibrations of the particles that make up a material—atoms and molecules—that the concept of quantization and phonons becomes important.  To understand why phonons exist, complicated quantum mechanics is needed.  Without going into too much detail, the interactions between the constituent atoms or molecules of a crystal are analyzed quantum mechanically.  Because of their arrangement in a pattern that repeats, when one arrives at a mathematical expression for the frequency of oscillation, one finds that there are only distinct quantized values allowed.
Dynamo Moscow

**Dynamo Moscow** may refer to one of the following Dynamo sports clubs in Moscow. In Soviet time all of them were parts of the All-Union Dynamo Sports Club.

- FC Dynamo Moscow, a football club
- HC Dynamo Moscow, an ice hockey club
- MBC Dynamo Moscow, a men's basketball club
- Dynamo Moscow (women's basketball), a women's basketball club
- VC Dynamo Moscow, a volleyball club
- WVC Dynamo Moscow, a women's volleyball club
- Dynamo Moscow Bandy Club, a bandy club
- MFK Dinamo Moskva, a futsal club
HC Dynamo Moscow

**Dynamo Moscow** () is a Russian professional ice hockey club based in Moscow. They are members of the Bobrov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League.

### Domestic competitions

**Soviet League Championship** _(5)_: 1946–47, 1953-54, 1989–90, 1990–91, 1991–92

**USSR Cup** _(3)_: 1953, 1972, 1976

**IHL Championship** _(3)_: 1992-93, 1994-95, 1995-96

**IHL Cup** _(3)_: 1993, 1995, 1996

**Russian Superleague** _(2)_: 1999-00, 2004-05

### Kontinental Hockey League

**Gagarin Cup** _(2)_: 2011–12, 2012–13

**Continental Cup** _(1)_: 2013–14

**Opening Cup** _(3)_: 2010–11, 2012–13, 2013–14

### Europe

**IIHF European Champions Cup** _(1)_: 2006

**IIHF Continental Cup** _(1)_: 2004-05

**Spengler Cup** _(2)_: 1983, 2008

**Ahearne Cup** _(2)_: 1975, 1976

**Tampere Cup** _(2)_: 1991, 1992

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (khl team)

- **team**: HC Dynamo Moscow
- **colour**: background:#FFFFFF; border-top:#14429C 5px solid; border-bottom:#14429C 5px solid;
- **colour text**: black
- **logo**: OHK Dynamo logo.svg
- **name2**: **HC Dynamo Moscow** 1946-_present_
- **nickname**: "Blue-Whites", "Cops"
- **city**: Moscow, Russia
- **arena**: VTB Arena
- **capacity**: 12,000
- **league**: **Kontinental Hockey League, KHL** 2008–_present_
***Russian Superleague, RSL**
1996–2008
***International Hockey League (1992–96), IHL**
1992–1996
***Soviet Championship League, Soviet League Class A**
1946–1992
- **division**: Bobrov Division, Bobrov
- **conference**: Western Conference (KHL), Western
- **uniform**:
- **gm**: Valery Shantsev
- **coach**: Vladimir Vorobiev
- **captain**: Vadim Shipachyov
- **affiliates**: Buran Voronezh, Buran (Supreme Hockey League, VHL)
MHC Dynamo Moscow, MHC Dynamo (Junior Hockey League (Russia), MHL)
- **website**: [http://www.dynamo.ru www.dynamo.ru]
- **current**: 2019–20 KHL season
Thunder Bay Thunder Cats

The **Thunder Bay Thunder Cats** was the name of the Rockford IceHogs of the UHL (now the International Hockey League) prior to moving to Rockford. The team went through a number of different names prior to being the Thunder Cats, including the Thunder Bay Thunder Hawks and the Thunder Bay Senators.

## History

After the success of the 5-time Allan Cup champion Thunder Bay Twins, the Colonial Hockey League took interest in expanding to the Northwestern Ontario city.  In 1991, the Colonial league introduced the Thunder Bay Thunder Hawks, spelling the end of the 21-year Twins franchise that stepped aside for the new Semi-Pro team.  In 1993, the team changed its name to the Thunder Bay Senators to reflect the teams affiliation with the National Hockey League's Ottawa Senators.  Soon after, the CoHL changed its name to the United Hockey League and in 1996 the team became the Thunder Bay Thunder Cats.

After eight seasons in Thunder Bay, the Thunder Cats were bought, moved to Rockford, Illinois, and renamed the Rockford IceHogs in 1999.

## Season-by-Season results

|Season|GP|W|L|T|OTL|GF|GA|Pts|Final standing|Playoffs|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1991–92|60|26|28|6|—|309|289|62|3rd CoHL|**Won Championship**|
|1992–93|60|32|24|4|—|288|271|68|3rd CoHL|Lost semi-final|
|1993–94|64|45|15|4|—|331|236|94|**1st CoHL**|**Won Championship**|
|1994–95|74|48|22|4|—|341|279|100|**1st CoHL**|**Won Championship**|
|1995–96|74|36|26|12|—|302|289|84|4th CoHL|Lost Championship|
|1996–97|74|43|23|8|—|333|266|94|4th CoHL|Lost semi-final|
|1997–98|74|42|26|0|6|337|304|90|4th UHL|Lost quarter-final|
|1998–99|74|47|20|0|7|325|247|101|3rd UHL|Lost semi-final|

## References

- International Hockey League History
Parser

In computer science, a **parser** is a program that checks to see if a text is valid according to the rules of a grammar.
Lymington Branch Line

The Lymington branch line is a short line running between Brockenhurst and Lymington Pier. The line is operated by South West Trains. There is a station in between called Lymington Town. The short length of track between Lymington Town and Lymington Pier has a line speed of 20mph.

## Preserved 421cig Units

The two preserved 421cig units make the line a popluar destination for rail-fans. Unit 1497 "Freshwater" was painted in British Rail White and Blue while 1498 "Farringford" was painted in BR Green. The units were given names of places on the Isle of Wight as they only ran on this line. Until 22 May 22 2010 they were the only EMU slamdoor units still in operation anywhere in Britain.

## Future of the Branch Line

The line is now operated by 158/9 sprinter units. This means the 750Volt DC electric has no longer got a use. This may seem strange as most parts of the country are electrifiying lines. The reason for this is that _450 units_ have 4 cars  which are too long for Lymington Town Station. And South West Trains are not willing to remove a coach from a 450 unit. The only solution then is to use DMU 3 car sprinter units.
HQ9+

**HQ9+** is a joke programming language made by Cliff L. Biffle in 2001. It has four "operations":
- H: print "Hello, world!"
- Q: print the program's source code (sometimes called a quine)
- 9: print the lyrics to 99 Bottles of Beer
- +: add one to the accumulator (the value of the accumulator cannot be accessed)

## Other websites

- HQ9+ home page
- HQ9+ on Esolang, the esoteric programming languages wiki
Quine (computing)

A **quine** is a special kind of computer program, which accepts no inputs and outputs its own source code. They are named after the philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine.

## Quine's Paradox

Quine was very interested in the "liar paradox", "this statement is false", which can't be either true or false. This paradox appears in lots of other places. In the mathematics of set theory it is called Russell's paradox, it is a set which contains sets which don't contain themselves.

All of those examples before Quine were 'self-referential'. This means that they define an object in terms of itself, like the liar paradox starting with the words "this statement". Lots of people thought that you could ignore the liar paradox if you just decided to ignore all self-referential statements. Quine saw that you would also have to ignore _quotation_, which is the process that happens when you put a phrase in quote marks. When you _say_ a phrase, you are talking about its meaning; but when you _quote_ a phrase, you are talking about that phrase, and not what it means.

Quine's paradox was, '"Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation" yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation.' This is a more complicated liar paradox which is not self-referential. It is a simple statement about some phrase, telling you what happens when you write a statement where you write the phrase in quote marks and then write the phrase again outside of them.

## Quines as programs

Most programming languages have quotation too: you can put quotes around some code and then the computer does not _run_ that code, but instead just _stores_ it as a string.

The trick to writing a quine involves writing a string which somehow has a "hole" in it, then outputting that string, with the "hole" filled in with its own quotation. For example in Python the function which quotes a string is called `repr`, and the `%` operator fills in a hole which is written as `%s` in the string, while converting `%%` to `%`:

Or in JavaScript, we can use `JSON.stringify` to quote an array, and the "hole" can be the space between the two array elements:

In CoffeeScript you can write a quine as a phrase followed by its own quotation, which looks a lot like Quine's paradox:
ELIZA

**ELIZA** is an early program able to process natural language. ELIZA operated by processing users' responses to _scripts_. The most famous script was called **DOCTOR**. It was a simulation of a Rogerian psychotherapist. Eliza didn't know much about thought or emotion. However, DOCTOR sometimes provided conversation like a human. ELIZA was written at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum between 1964 and 1966.

When the person used words that were not in the very small list,
DOCTOR might say, for example, responding to "My head hurts", "Why do you say your head hurts?" The response to "My mother hates me" might be "Who else in your family hates you?" ELIZA was programmed using simple pattern matching techniques, but was taken seriously by several of its users, even after Weizenbaum explained to them how it worked. It was one of the first chatterbots in existence.

## Implementations

- Using Java, and based very closely on Weizenbaum's published description of the program: http://www.chayden.net/eliza/Eliza.html
- Using z80 Assembly on the TI-83 Plus: ticalc.org
- Trans-Tex Software has released shareware versions for Classic Mac OS and Mac OS X: Trans-Tex Software
- `doctor.el` (circa 1985) in Emacs lisp: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/ai-repository/ai/areas/classics/eliza/emacs/0.html.
- Source code in Tcl: http://wiki.tcl.tk/9235
- Source code in BASIC: http://www.atariarchives.org/bigcomputergames/showpage.php?page=22

## Related pages

- 20Q
- Artificial intelligence
- Chatterbot
- Loebner prize
- Turing test

## Other websites

- dialogues with colorful personalities of early AI , a collection of dialogues between ELIZA and various conversants, such as a company vice president and PARRY (a simulation of a paranoid schizophrenic)
- Weizenbaum. Rebel at work - Peter Haas, Silvia Holzinger, Documentary movie with Joseph Weizenbaum and ELIZA.
- Questsin  - MSN Messenger implementation of ELIZA
- CounterCounseling  - Source code in C (programming language), Windows
GNU Emacs

**GNU Emacs** (short for Editing Macros) is thought to be text editor that is common on many UNIX-based operating systems, Mac and Windows Operating systems but it's actually a extendable elisp editor that can be made to be  just about anything

Emacs is primarily used by just about everyone  from programmers to home desktop users.  This is because emacs can do just about anything you can think of.  Some of the uses of Emacs  include:

- Creating PDF documents
- Setting up agendas and to-do lists
- Reading e-mail and news
- Keeping a calendar and diary
- Chat on IRC
- It can even act  as a desktop manger (Linux, BSD or  other Unix like  systems only  at this time)

Emacs is made powerful by Emacs Lisp, a built-in programming language that lets the user extend the capabilities of the editor.

A common Emacs joke is that all of the functions of the editor are crazy weird keystrokes (such as "control-meta-4 shift-left-P-semicolon-F1" to do something simple like cut and paste text).  In reality, though, these keystrokes are relatively simple, though they can take some getting used to.

There is an Internet turf war between programmers that prefer Emacs and programmers that prefer Vim (or Vi), another common text editor.

## Infobox (software)

- **title**: GNU Emacs
- **name**: GNU Emacs
- **logo**: Emacs-logo.svg
- **screenshot**: GNU Emacs 26.2 screenshot.png
- **caption**: GNU Emacs 26.2 running on GNOME 3
- **author**: Richard Stallman
- **developer**: GNU Project
- **latest release version**: 26.3
- **latest preview version**: 27.0.91
- **programming language**: Emacs Lisp, C (programming language), C
- **operating system**: Unix-like (GNU, Linux, macOS, Berkeley Software Distribution, BSDs, Solaris (operating system), Solaris), Windows, MS-DOS
- **platform**: Cross-platform
- **language**: English language, English
- **genre**: Text editor
- **license**: GNU General Public License, GPLv3+
Bacillus anthracis

***Bacillus anthracis*** is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium, 11.2µm in width and 3–5µm in length. It is the agent which causes anthrax.

## Description

The bacillus lives in soils worldwide at moderate temperatures. It can be grown in aerobic or anaerobic conditions (it is a facultative anaerobe) in a medium with essential nutrients, including carbon and nitrogen sources. In 1877, this organism was the first to be shown to cause disease by Robert Koch and verified by Louis Pasteur.
George Bancroft

**George Bancroft** (October 3, 1800 – January 17, 1891) was an American historian and statesman. He was important in promoting secondary education both in his home state and at the national level. He made the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1845. Among his best-known writings is  _History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent_. He was known as the "father of American History". He was born into a Whig family. Later his studies led him to become a Democratic.

## Infobox (us cabinet official)

- **name**: George Bancroft
- **image**: George Bancroft United States Secretary of Navy c. 1860.jpg
- **imagesize**: 240px
- **order**: 17th
- **title**: United States Secretary of the Navy
- **term start**: March 11, 1845
- **term end**: September 9, 1846
- **predecessor**: John Y. Mason
- **successor**: John Y. Mason
- **birth place**: Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Washington, D.C., United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Sarah Dwight
Elizabeth Davis Bliss
- **alma mater**: Harvard University
University of Göttingen
- **profession**: Politician, writer and historian
Christadelphians

The **Christadelphians** are a Christian denomination that developed in the United Kingdom and the United States in the 19th century. They were also called the **Brothers of Christ** and **Christ's Brethren**. They were in effect founded by John Thomas, but do not consider him greater than any other teacher.

Today, there are about 55,000 to 60,000 Christadelphians. Many of them live in Britain, Australia, Africa, and the United States.

## Beliefs

Christadelphian ideas are similar to other Restorationist movements like Anabaptism. They believe that Christianity spoiled when it came into contact with the Hellenic world. Therefore, they only accept teachings that can be found in the Bible. They think that the Bible was inspired by God and they accept no other texts.

They reject the idea of the Trinity, and believe that Jesus did not exist before his birth. They think Jesus is literally "Son of Man" by Mary and the "Son of God" by the holy spirit by the virgin birth. They believe that Jesus was Resurrected after being dead for three days after his crucifixion. Now, according to Christadelphian beliefs, Jesus is with his Father and will come again to be king on earth.

They do not believe in Heaven or Hell. They do not believe that dead people go to heaven or hell. They say that the two words for "hell" mean (1) the grave, and (2) a valley near Jerusalem. They believe that people know nothing when they are dead.

They also believe that the devil in the Bible is a synonym for sin, which are present in the people on earth. Sin is what keeps people from being reunited with God. Christadelphians practise baptism as adults, by total immersion in water.

## Different groups

Today almost all Christadelphians belong to the main "Central" fellowship. But, following some disagreements, different groups emerged. Among those still in existence today are Unamended Fellowship (which has 1,800 members in North America), the Dawn Fellowship, and the Berean Fellowship.

## Community

They do not have priests or pastors. Instead each local church has a group of elders who are chosen by the members each year. Most male members take turns to speak each week.

## Other websites

- _Glad Tidings_ a free monthly magazine in simple English
Robert Larue Stewart

**Robert "Uncle Bob" Larue Stewart** (1917-2006) is the founder, former owner and broadcaster of the GMA Network (formerly known as Republic Broadcasting System).
Gaza flotilla raid

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Gaza flotilla raid
- **place**: Mediterranean Sea
- **partof**: Blockade of the Gaza Strip
- **image**: Gaza flotilla raid map.svg
- **caption**: Routes of the Gaza-bound flotilla (green) and the Israeli Navy (orange)
- **combatant2**: Gaza Freedom Flotilla
- **date**: 31 May 2010
- **casualties1**: 10 wounded
- **casualties2**: 10 dead
Dozens wounded
- **units1**: Shayetet 13