juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Happy Tree Friends

***Happy Tree Friends*** is an adult Flash-animated web series. It was created by Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo, and Kenn Navarro, and developed by Montijo, Navarro, and Warren Graff.

The series is about the misadventures of cute anthropomorphic forest animals, who live peaceful lives until they are killed or injured in sudden, accidental, graphically violent incidents.

### Main characters

- **Cuddles** – voiced by Kenn Navarro.
- **Giggles** – voiced by Dana Belben (Season 1–2), Ellen Connell (TV Series–Season 4), and Lori Jee (for a few episodes of Season 3).
- **Toothy** – voiced by Warren Graff.
- **Lumpy** – voiced by David Winn (Seasons 2–4).
- **Petunia** – voiced by Dana Belben (Seasons 1–2), Ellen Connell (Season 3–4, TV Series), and Lori Jee (for a few episodes of Season 3).
- **Handy** –  voiced by Warren Graff.
- **Nutty** –. Michael "Lippy" Lipman voices him.
- **Sniffles** –  voiced by Liz Stuart.
- **Pop and Cub** – voiced by Dana Belben (Seasons 1–2), Ellen Connell (Seasons 2–4), and Lori Jee (for 1 episode of Season 3), which are the same voice actresses for Giggles and Petunia.
- **Flaky** – voiced by Nica Lorber.
- **The Mole**
- **Disco Bear** – voiced by Peter Hermann.
- **Russell** – voiced by Jeff Biancalana (Seasons 1–2) and later voiced by Francis Carr (TV Series–Season 4).
- **Lifty and Shifty** – voiced by Mark Giambruno (Season 1–2) and were later portrayed by Kenn Navarro (TV Series–Season 4).
- **Mime** –  voiced by Sarah Castelblanco.
- **Cro-Marmot** –
- **Flippy** – voiced by Aubrey Ankrum, who also provided the voice of his good side up until 2006.
- **Splendid** –  voiced by Rhode Montijo (Seasons 1–2) and later voiced by David Winn (TV Series–Season 4).
- **Lammy** –  voiced by Renée T. MacDonald.
- **Mr. Pickels** –
- Minor characters

- **Buddhist Monkey** –  voiced by Jeff Biancalana.
- **Fall Out Boy** - The alternative rock band Fall Out Boy made a cameo appearance as Tree Friend versions of themselves in the music video for their song "The Carpal Tunnel of Love".

### Spin-offs

A spin-off series called _Ka-Pow!_ was shown in September 2008. Six episodes have been made.

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Happy Tree Friends Logo.svg
- **creative director**: Dean MacDonald
- **company**: Mondo Media
- **num seasons**: 5
- **num episodes**: 93 (+ 13 TV episodes with 39 segments)
- **list episodes**: List of Happy Tree Friends episodes
- **producer**: David Ichioka
- **runtime**: 1–5 minutes
- **last aired**: present
Brée

**Brée** is a commune of 459 people (as of 1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.

## Related pages

- Communes of Mayenne

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Brée
- **arrondissement**: Laval
- **canton**: Montsûrs
- **mayor**: Claude Garnier
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **elevation m**: 80
- **elevation min m**: 72
- **elevation max m**: 125
- **area km2**: 16.41
- **population**: 510
- **population date**: 2009
- **insee**: 53043
- **postal code**: 53150
La Brûlatte

**La Brûlatte** is a commune of 607 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Le Buret

**Le Buret** is a commune of 255 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Carelles

**Carelles** is a commune of 324 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.

At the time of writing, it has a church, a school, a bar/ restaurant and a village shop. The band (amalgamated with those of Levare and Montaidin) is a strong presence in the village and there is a local drama group which plays to villages round about during the early part of the year. The annual Fete is held on the first Sunday in July and Is not to be missed.

There is a thriving and well integrated English community established over twenty years.
Chailland

**Chailland** is a commune of 1136 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.

Chailland is also a very common last name of a family living in the United States mostly located in southeast Missouri and Southern FL.
Châlons-du-Maine

**Châlons-du-Maine** is a commune of 691 people (). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Châlons-du-Maine
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Laval
- **canton**: Bonchamp-lès-Laval
- **mayor**: Loïc Broussey
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Laval Agglomération
- **elevation m**: 109
- **elevation min m**: 99
- **elevation max m**: 152
- **area km2**: 9.66
- **insee**: 53049
- **postal code**: 53470
Chammes

**Chammes** is a former commune of 328 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Sainte-Suzanne-et-Chammes.
Champéon

**Champéon** is a commune of 512 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Champfrémont

**Champfrémont** is a commune of 248 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Champgenéteux

**Champgenéteux** is a commune of 554 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Changé, Mayenne

**Changé** is a commune of 5261 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Chantrigné

**Chantrigné** is a commune of 588 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
La Chapelle-Anthenaise

**La Chapelle-Anthenaise** is a commune of 865 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Latency

In engineering, **latency** is the name for the time period that needs to be waited to see a result.
La Chapelle-au-Riboul

**La Chapelle-au-Riboul** is a commune of 448 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Galois field

In abstract algebra, a **finite field** or **Galois field** is a field that contains only finitely many elements. Finite fields are important in number theory, algebraic geometry, Galois theory, cryptography, and coding theory. The finite fields are completely known.  Finite fields were named Galois Fields to honor Évariste Galois.
Appliance

An **appliance** is a machine that only has limited functionality. A prosthesis is an example. Many appliances need electricity to work.
- _Household appliances are devices used for tasks such as cleaning (for example, vacuum cleaners) or cooking. Appliances that are portable and easy to carry are generally classified as small appliances._
- _Major appliances_ are big machines like dishwashers and refrigerators.
- A _Fire appliance_ is the name of a fire engine the firefighters use to extinguish a fire
Mayenne

**La Mayenne** is a department the northwest of France. It was named after the river _la Mayenne_ and its number is 53. It is in the region Pays de la Loire. Its population is 285,338 (1999) and its land area is 5,175 km². The population density is 55/km². It has 261 communes, its prefecture is Laval ans its subprefectures are Mayenne and Château-Gontier. The inhabitants are called the _Mayennais_.
Forward error correction

In telecommunications **Forward error correction** (FEC) is a special code for error detection and correction. The sender adds parts of the data again. This is called redundancy. The receiver is then able to detect certain errors that came from sending data. In certain cases, the receiver can correct the error without the need for a retransmission.

## How it works

FEC adds redundancy to the transmitted information with a known algorithm. Each redundant bit is a function of many original information bits. The original information may or may not appear in the encoded output; codes that include the unmodified input in the output are **systematic**, while those that do not are **nonsystematic**.

An extremely simple example would be an analog to digital converter that samples three bits of signal strength data for every bit of transmitted data. If the three samples are mostly all zero, the transmitted bit was probably a zero, and if three samples are mostly all one, the transmitted bit was probably a one. The simplest example of error correction is for the receiver to assume the correct output is given by the most frequently occurring value in each group of three.

|width=50% style="background:#efefef;"|**Triplet received**|width=50% style="background:#efefef;"|**Interpreted as**|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|000|0|||
|001|0|||
|010|0|||
|100|0|||
|111|1|||
|110|1|||
|101|1|||
|011|1|||
This allows an error in any one of the three samples to be corrected by "democratic voting", but is a very inefficient FEC. But  in practice would not work very well, but it does illustrate the principle. In practice, FEC codes typically examine the last several dozen, or even the last several hundred, previously received bits to determine how to decode the current small handful of bits (typically in groups of 2 to 8 bits).

Such triple modular redundancy, the simplest form of forward error correction, is widely used.
Mayenne (river)

_For other uses, see_ Mayenne (disambiguation)

**La Mayenne** is a river in the northwest of France. Its source in the Orne, about 15 km west of Alençon. It joins the Sarthe and Loire River north of Angers to form the Maine.

It is 200 km long and its surface area is about 5 820 km². It has an average discharge of 50 m³/s.
Mayenne (disambiguation)

**Mayenne** can refer to:
- Mayenne, the department.
- Mayenne, the river.
- Mayenne, the town.
Error detection and correction

**Error detection and correction** is about methods to make sure that information or data is not corrupted, and still makes sense. The techniques help reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels.

## Detecting an error

There are different ways to make sure an error can be detected. This is done by adding more data or information to the data transmitted. Adding more data than needed is called redundancy.

- Repetition codes: The data is broken up into blocks. Each block is then sent a number of times.
- Parity bits can be used. The parity bit is 1 for an odd number of ones, and 0 for an even number (or vice versa)
- Checksums
- Cyclic redundancy checks
- Hamming codes
- Hash function
- Longitudinal redundancy check
- Transverse redundancy check
- Polarity schemes

## Correcting an error

There are two main ways to correct an error:
- Automatic repeat request (ARQ) - The receiver detects an error and automatically requests a repetition
- Forward error correction

## Other websites

- Error control --Citizendium
Mayenne (town)

_For other uses, see_ Mayenne (disambiguation)

**Mayenne** is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. It is twinned with:
- _Waiblingen_ in Germany
- _Devizes_ in the United Kingdom
- _Jesi_ in Italy
Antecedent

In grammar, an **antecedent** is a word or phrase that is repeated by another word or phrase. An antecedent is most often used with relative pronouns, words like "what", "that", and "who". The pronoun usually begins the relative clause and the antecedent is in the main clause.

## Examples

_I want a **book** **that** I can read_.

In the above example, the relative pronoun 'that' refers back to the antecedent, the word 'book'. Therefore, the main clause is "I want a book" and the relative clause is "that I can read".

Some more examples:
- Willy said **he** likes chocolate. <small>- Noun as antecedent</small>
- My eccentric uncle likes chocolate. **He** tells everyone to buy him chocolate. <small>- Noun phrase as antecedent</small>
- Larry was helpful, and **so** was Kim. <small>- Adjective as antecedent</small>
- He arrived in the afternoon, **when** nobody was home. <small>- Prepositional phrase as antecedent</small>
The relative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, that.
Ark-La-Tex

The **Ark-La-Tex**, **Arklatex**, or **ArkLaTex** is a U.S. socio-economic region where Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma intersect.

## Cities

List of cities with over 3,500 people (in 2020):

### Louisiana

|City|Parish|Population|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Blanchard|Caddo|3,538|
|Bossier City|Bossier|62,701|
|Eastwood|Bossier|4,390|
|Grambling|Lincoln|5,239|
|Haughton|Bossier|4,539|
|Jonesboro|Jackson|4,106|
|Mansfield|DeSoto|4,714|
|Minden|Webster|11,928|
|Natchitoches|Natchitoches|18,039|
|Red Chute|Bossier|7,065|
|Ruston|Lincoln|22,166|
|Shreveport|Caddo, Bossier|187,593|
|Springhill|Webster|4,801|
|Winnfield|Winn|4,153|

### Texas

|City|County|Population|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Atlanta|Cass|5,433|
|Carthage|Panola|6,569|
|Center|Shelby|5,221|
|Gilmer|Upshur|4,843|
|Gladewater|Gregg,  Upshur|6,134|
|Hallsville|Harrison|4,277|
|Henderson|Rusk|13,271|
|Kilgore|Gregg, Rusk|13,376|
|Longview|Gregg, Harrison|81,638|
|Marshall|Harrison|23,392|
|Mount Pleasant|Titus|16,047|
|Nacogdoches|Nacogdoches|32,147|
|Nash|Bowie|3,814|
|New Boston|Bowie|4,612|
|Pittsburg|Camp|4,335|
|Texarkana|Bowie|36,193|
|Wake Village|Bowie|5,945|
|White Oak|Gregg|6,225|

### Arkansas

|City|County|Population|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Ashdown|Little River|4,261|
|Camden|Ouachita|10,612|
|De Queen|Sevier|6,105|
|El Dorado|Union|17,755|
|Hope|Hempstead|8,952|
|Magnolia|Columbia|11,162|
|Nashville|Howard|4,153|
|Texarkana|Miller|29,387|

### Oklahoma

|City|County|Population|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Broken Bow|McCurtain|4,228|
|Idabel|McCurtain|6,961|

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Ark-La-Tex
- **settlement type**: Region
- **image skyline**: ShreveportBossier LA USA - panoramio (7).jpg
- **image caption**: Downtown Shreveport, Louisiana, in 2015
- **imagesize**: 280px
- **image map**: LongView.jpg
- **mapsize**: 280px
- **map caption**: Downtown Longview, Texas, in 2008
- **image map1**: Texarkana April 2016 052 (Broad Street).jpg
- **mapsize1**: 280px
- **map caption1**: Broad Street in Texarkana, Arkansas, in 2016
- **parts type**: Principal cities
- **parts style**: para
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **population total**: 1,469,860
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Central Time Zone (North America), CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: Central Time Zone (North America), CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **area codes**: Area code 318, 318, Area codes 903 and 430, 430 and 903, Area code 870, 870, Area code 580, 580
Broadway theatre

**Broadway theatre** means the theatrical performances in the 41 professional theatres, each with 500 or more seats, in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City in the United States.

Broadway and London's West End together represent the highest commercial level of live theater in the English-speaking world.
Central Oklahoma

**Central Oklahoma** is the geographical name for the central region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is also known by the Oklahoma Department of Tourism designation, **Frontier Country**.

## Geography

Cross Timbers makes up most of Central Oklahoma.
Cherokee Outlet

The **Cherokee Outlet**, more often referred to as the **Cherokee Strip**, was located in what is now the state of Oklahoma, in the United States. It was a sixty-mile (97 km) wide strip of land south of the Oklahoma-Kansas border between the 96th and 100th meridians.
Cross Timbers

The **Cross Timbers** is a semi-savanna on the southern Great Plains running from southeastern Kansas, across central Oklahoma, into central Texas.
Four State Area

The ***Four State Area*** is a term used to describe the four corner region of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma with the Joplin, Missouri and Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Arkansas metropolitan areas included within.
Flint Hills

The **Flint Hills**, historically known as **Bluestem Pastures**, are a band of hills in eastern Kansas stretching into north-central Oklahoma.
Green Country

**Green Country** is a heavily-wooded area in northeast Oklahoma. It has many rolling hills and mountains and a lot of plants. This is different from western and central Oklahoma, which are more like the rest of the Great Plains region of the United States.
Kiamichi Country

**Southeastern Oklahoma**, also known by its official tourism name, **Kiamichi Country**, covers the southeastern quarter of the state of Oklahoma.
Northwestern Oklahoma

**Northwestern Oklahoma** is the geographical region of the state of Oklahoma which includes the Oklahoma Panhandle, stretching to an eastern extent along Interstate 35, and its southern extent along the Canadian River to Noble County.
Ozarks

The **Ozarks**,  also called the **Ozark Mountains** and **Ozark Plateau**, are a physiographic, geologic, and cultural highland region of the central United States. It covers much of the southern half of Missouri and a large portion of northwestern and north-central Arkansas. The region also goes westward into northeastern Oklahoma and extreme southeastrn Kansas.

The name comes from the French _Aux Arcs_. The name means "with bows" and was given by an early French explorer to the Bow Indians (Quapaw), who were native to the area that later became Arkansas.

## Infobox (mountain range)

- **name**: Ozarks
- **photo**: Buffalo national river steel creek overlook.jpg
- **photo caption**: View of the Ozarks from the Buffalo National River, Newton County, Arkansas
- **other name**: Ozark Highlands; Ozark Mountains; Ozark Plateaus
- **country**: United States
- **region**: Arkansas
Kansas
Missouri
Oklahoma
- **highest**: Buffalo Lookout
- **elevation ft**: 2561
- **period**: Paleozoic to Proterozoic
- **map image**: OzarkOverview.jpg
- **map size**: 275
Oklahoma Panhandle

The **Oklahoma Panhandle** is the far west part of the state of Oklahoma. It includes Cimarron County, Texas County, and Beaver County. Its name comes from the shape that looks like the handle of a cooking pan.
South Central Oklahoma

**South Central Oklahoma**, or **Arbuckle Country**, as officially defined by the Oklahoma Department of Tourism, is an 10-county region in the state of Oklahoma. It is centered around the Arbuckle Mountains.
Southwestern Oklahoma

**Southwest Oklahoma** is a geographical name for the southwest portion of the state of Oklahoma, largely flat and dry, southwest Oklahoma is typical of the Great Plains region of the United States.
Oklahoma! (musical)

***Oklahoma!*** is a musical.  The music was composed by Richard Rodgers. The lyrics were written by Oscar Hammerstein. It world-premiered on Broadway on 31 March 1943. The musical was based on _Green Grow the Lilacs_, a 1931 play by Lynn Riggs.

## Story

The story is set in Oklahoma Territory outside the town of Claremore in 1906. The cowboy Curly McLain is in love with farm girl Laurey Williams. Jud Fry, a farm hand, is also in love with Laurey. The play also includes the story of another cowboy, Will, and his girlfriend, Ado Annie.

## Adaptations

_Oklahoma!_ was made into a movie in 1955.

## Awards

A special Pulitzer Prize award was given to Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II for _Oklahoma!_ in the category of "Special Awards And Citations - Letters"

## Infobox (musical)

- **name**: Oklahoma!
- **music**: Richard Rodgers
- **lyrics**: Oscar Hammerstein II
- **basis**: Lynn Riggs's 1931 play, _Green Grow the Lilacs_
- **productions**: Broadway (world premiere, 31 March 1943)
- **awards**: Pulitzer Prize for "Special Awards And Citations - Letters"
Stillwater, Oklahoma

**Stillwater** is the county seat of Payne County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 48,394 at the 2020 census.

Stillwater is also the home of Oklahoma State University.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Stillwater, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: File:Downtown Stillwater.JPG
- **image caption**: Downtown Stillwater (2009)
- **nickname**: Stilly
- **motto**: Still Pioneering
- **pushpin map**: USA Oklahoma#USA
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **pushpin label**: Stillwater
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Payne County, Oklahoma, Payne
- **subdivision type3**: List of Oklahoma townships, Township
- **established title**: Founded
- **established title1**: Platted
- **established title2**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1884
- **government type**: council-manager government, Council-manager
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **area total sq mi**: 30.30
- **area land sq mi**: 29.79
- **area water sq mi**: 0.51
- **area total km2**: 78.49
- **area land km2**: 77.15
- **area water km2**: 1.33
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **elevation ft**: 948
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 48394
- **population density sq mi**: 1624.50
- **population density km2**: 627.23
- **timezone**: Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 74074–74078
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **area code**: Area codes 405 and 572, 405/572
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-70300
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS ID
- **blank1 info**: 2411982
Enid, Oklahoma

**Enid** is the county seat of Garfield County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 51,308 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Enid, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: East_on_Broadway.JPG
- **image caption**: Downtown Enid
- **image flag**: Flag of Enid, Oklahoma.svg
- **image seal**: enidlogo.jpg
- **nicknames**: "Wheat Capital of the United States", "Queen Wheat City of Oklahoma",
- **motto**: "Purple Martin Capital of Oklahoma"
- **image map**: Garfield County Oklahoma incorporated and unincorporated areas Enid highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Garfield County, Oklahoma, Garfield County and the state of Oklahoma.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Garfield County, Oklahoma, Garfield
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1893
- **government type**: Council-Manager
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **area total km2**: 191.71
- **area total sq mi**: 74.02
- **area land km2**: 191.49
- **area land sq mi**: 73.94
- **area water km2**: 0.21
- **area water sq mi**: 0.08
- **elevation ft**: 1250
- **population total**: 51308
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 267.94
- **population density sq mi**: 693.95
- **population metro**: 62,846 (US: List of metropolitan statistical areas, 384th)
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 73701, 73703
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-23950
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2410442
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Carlos Valderrama

**Carlos Valderrama** (born 2 September 1961), also known as _"El Pibe"_ ("The Kid"), is a retired Colombian footballer. He played for clubs in Colombia, France, Spain, and the United States. He played for the Colombia national team from 1985 to 1998.

In 2004, he was included in the FIFA 100. It is a list of "the best 125 living male and female footballers" selected by Pelé.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1988–89||rowspan="3"|Montpellier||rowspan="3"|Division 1||24||1
|-
|1989–90||18||1
|-
|1990–91||35||2

|-
|1991–92||Real Valladolid||La Liga||17||1

|-
|1992||Independiente Medellín||Primera A||0||0
|-
|1993||rowspan="3"|Atlético Junior||rowspan="3"|Primera A||35||4
|-
|1994||18||1
|-
|1995||29||0

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Tampa Bay Mutiny||rowspan="2"|Major League Soccer||23||4
|-
|1997||20||3
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Miami Fusion||rowspan="2"|Major League Soccer||18||2
|-
|1999||4||1
|-
|1999||rowspan="3"|Tampa Bay Mutiny||rowspan="3"|Major League Soccer||27||3
|-
|2000||32||1
|-
|2001||12||1
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Colorado Rapids||rowspan="2"|Major League Soccer||12||0
|-
|2002||27||1
77||4
17||1
82||5
175||16
351||26
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|1985||2||0
|-
|1986||0||0
|-
|1987||4||1
|-
|1988||6||1
|-
|1989||13||2
|-
|1990||5||1
|-
|1991||9||0
|-
|1992||2||0
|-
|1993||16||0
|-
|1994||11||0
|-
|1995||13||1
|-
|1996||11||1
|-
|1997||11||2
|-
|1998||8||2
|-
!Total||111||11
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Carlos Valderrama
- **image**: El_Pibe_Valderrama.jpg
- **caption**: Valderrama in 2016
- **fullname**: Carlos Alberto Valderrama Palacio
- **birth place**: Santa Marta, Colombia
- **height**: 1.75 m
- **position**: Attacking midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Liceo Celedón
- **youthclubs2**: Unión Magdalena
- **years1**: 1980–1984
- **clubs1**: Unión Magdalena
- **caps1**: 94
- **goals1**: 5
- **years2**: 1984–1985
- **clubs2**: Millonarios F.C., Millonarios
- **caps2**: 33
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1985–1987
- **clubs3**: Deportivo Cali
- **caps3**: 131
- **goals3**: 22
- **years4**: 1987–1989
- **clubs4**: Montpellier
- **caps4**: 77
- **goals4**: 4
- **years5**: 1989–1992
- **clubs5**: Real Valladolid
- **caps5**: 17
- **goals5**: 1
- **years6**: 1992–1993
- **clubs6**: Independiente Medellín
- **caps6**: 10
- **goals6**: 1
- **years7**: 1993–1995
- **clubs7**: Atlético Junior
- **caps7**: 82
- **goals7**: 5
- **years8**: 1995–1997
- **clubs8**: Tampa Bay Mutiny
- **caps8**: 43
- **goals8**: 7
- **years9**: 1996–1997
- **clubs9**: → Deportivo Cali (loan)
- **caps9**: 19
- **goals9**: 4
- **years10**: 1997–1999
- **clubs10**: Miami Fusion
- **caps10**: 24
- **goals10**: 3
- **years11**: 1999–2001
- **clubs11**: Tampa Bay Mutiny
- **caps11**: 71
- **goals11**: 5
- **years12**: 2001–2002
- **clubs12**: Colorado Rapids
- **caps12**: 39
- **goals12**: 1
- **totalcaps**: 619
- **totalgoals**: 54
- **nationalyears1**: 1985–1998
- **nationalteam1**: Colombia national football team, Colombia
- **nationalcaps1**: 111
- **nationalgoals1**: 11
- **manageryears1**: 2007
- **managerclubs1**: Atlético Junior (assistant manager)
Mound builders

**Mound Builder** is a general term referring to certain cultures of pre-Columbian American Indians. These cultures built various styles of earthen mounds. There were burial, residential and ceremonial purposes. The cultures cover a long period of time. This is from about 3500 BCE to the 16th century CE. This includes the Archaic, Woodland and Mississippian period<nowiki/>s. Notable cultures were the Adena, Hopewell, Plaquemine, Fort Ancient, Coles Creek and Mississippian cultures. These groups were around the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley, and the Mississippi River.

The mounds were flat structures with layers. They usually were pyramids. Some mounds were like domes. Some mounds were effigy mounds. They had shapes of animals. One famous one is the Serpent Mound in Ohio. The oldest mound is probably the Watson Brake in Louisiana. Usually, elite made workers build the mounds. Some mounds were burial sites for elite people of the tribes.

There were several records of these mounds. Hernando de Soto was one of the earliest to see and record these mounds. The French artist Jacques le Moyne made paintings of these mounds. All of the mounds today are from the Woodland and Mississippian period<nowiki/>s.

The mounds started to disappear with colonization. Disease decreased the population sizes of American Indians. Mound building ended after the 17th century.

## Related pages

- Cahokia
Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

**Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján** (ca. 1510 – September 22, 1554) was a Spanish conquistador, who visited New Mexico and other parts of what are now the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542. He died in 1554. He married Beatriz De Estrada, the daughter of a colonial treasurer. He is more commonly known as "Francisco Vásquez de Coronado" or "Francisco Coronado".
Seven Cities of Gold

The **Seven Cities of Gold** is a legend from the Spanish conquest of South America. It led to several expeditions by adventurers and conquistador during the 16th century. The legend originated in New Spain, about the lost cities of Quivira and Cíbola.

The location of the golden cities appear to have been in the mountains (Cibola) of the Inca. Quivira was the location of the fabulous source of mineral wealth but it was located in Kansas and it was the Flint fire stone (Quay-Vi-ra).  Well known  to the Indians of North America but not the gold the Spanish lusted for.
Now famous as the Flint Hills of Kansas.
Fort Gibson, Oklahoma

**Fort Gibson** is a town in Cherokee and Muskogee counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 3,814 at the 2020 census.  It is the oldest town in Oklahoma, it was established in 1824. It is the location of Fort Gibson National Cemetery.  It is near to the end of the Cherokees' Trail of Tears at Tahlequah.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Fort Gibson, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **motto**: "The Oldest Town in Oklahoma."
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-FortGibson.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Fort Gibson, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Cherokee County, Oklahoma, Cherokee, Muskogee County, Oklahoma, Muskogee
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: April 21, 1824
- **area total km2**: 36.29
- **area land km2**: 34.60
- **area water km2**: 1.69
- **area total sq mi**: 14.01
- **area land sq mi**: 13.36
- **area water sq mi**: 0.65
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 3814
- **population density km2**: 110.24
- **population density sq mi**: 285.52
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 505
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74434
- **area code**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-27200
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412640
- **website**: [http://fortgibson.com/ Chamber of Commerce]
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Government of Oklahoma

The **government of the US State of Oklahoma**, established by the Oklahoma Constitution, is a republican democracy modelled after the Federal government of the United States.
Adair County, Oklahoma

**Adair County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 19,495 people lived there.  Its county seat is Stilwell.

## History

The county was created in 1907.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 577 square miles.

### Cities

- Stilwell (county seat)

### Towns

- Watts
- Westville

### Other

- Ballard
- Baron
- Bell
- Bunch
- Cherry Tree
- Chewey
- Christie
- Elm Grove
- Elohim City
- Fairfield
- Greasy
- Lyons Switch
- Marietta
- Mulberry
- Old Green
- Peavine
- Piney
- Proctor
- Rocky Mountain
- Salem
- Titanic
- Watts Community
- Wauhillau
- West Peavine
- Zion

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Adair County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: Adair County Oklahoma courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Adair County Courthouse
- **founded year**: 1907
- **founded date**: July 16
- **seat wl**: Stilwell
- **largest city wl**: Stilwell
- **area total sq mi**: 577
- **area land sq mi**: 573
- **area water sq mi**: 3.6
- **area percentage**: 0.6%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 19495
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **named for**: The William Penn Adair, Adair family of the Cherokee tribe.
- **district**: 2nd
Alfalfa County, Oklahoma

**Alfalfa County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 5,699 people lived there.  Its county seat is Cherokee.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 881 square miles.

### Bordering counties

- Harper County, Kansas (northeast)
- Grant County (east)
- Garfield County (southeast)
- Major County (south)
- Woods County (west)
- Barber County, Kansas (northwest)

### City

- Cherokee

### Towns

- Aline
- Amorita
- Burlington
- Byron
- Carmen
- Goltry
- Helena
- Jet
- Lambert

### Other

- Ashley
- Driftwood
- Ingersoll
- Nescatunga
- Yewed

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Alfalfa County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Cherokee
- **largest city wl**: Helena
- **area total sq mi**: 881
- **area land sq mi**: 866
- **area water sq mi**: 15
- **area percentage**: 1.7%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 5699
- **density sq mi**: 6.5
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **named for**: William H. Murray, William H. "Alfalfa Bill" Murray
- **ex image**: ALFALFA COUNTY COURTHOUSE.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Alfalfa County Courthouse in Cherokee, Oklahoma, Cherokee (2007)
Atoka County, Oklahoma

**Atoka County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and was formed in 1907 from Choctaw Lands.  As of 2020, 14,143 people lived there.  Its county seat is Atoka.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 990 square miles.

### City

- Atoka

### Towns

- Caney
- Stringtown
- Tushka

### Other

- Bentley
- Bethany
- Blackjack
- Boehler
- Boggy Depot
- Bruno
- Burg
- Centerpoint
- Chockie
- Cook
- Crystal
- Daisy
- Dok
- East Allison
- East Talico
- Farris
- Flora
- Forrest Hill
- Fugate
- Goss
- Grassy Lake
- Half Bank Crossing
- Harmony
- Hickory Hill
- High Hill
- Hopewell
- Iron Stob
- Lane
- Lone Pine
- Mayers Chapel
- McGee Valley
- Mt. Carmel
- Mt. Olive
- Negro Bend
- New Hope
- Nix
- Old Farris
- Patapoe
- Payton Crossing
- Pine Springs
- Plainview
- Pleasant Hill
- Redden
- Reynolds
- Rock Springs
- Standing Rock
- Star
- Taloah
- Valley View
- Voca
- Wards Chapel
- Wardville
- Webster
- Wesley
- West Allison
- West Telico
- Wilson

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Atoka County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Atoka
- **largest city wl**: Atoka
- **area total sq mi**: 990
- **area land sq mi**: 976
- **area water sq mi**: 14
- **area percentage**: 1.5%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 14143
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **ex image**: Atoka county ok courthouse.jpg
- **ex image size**: 250
- **ex image cap**: The Atoka County Courthouse in Atoka.
- **district**: 2nd
Beaver County, Oklahoma

**Beaver County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 5,049 people lived there.  Its county seat is Beaver.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 1,818 square miles. Beaver County is located in the Oklahoma Panhandle.

## History

The area now known as Beaver County was part of Mexico from 1821 until 1836. Before that, it was part of New Spain. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the new state of Texas gave up the Oklahoma Panhandle. Between 1850 and 1890, the area did not belong to any state or territory. In 1886, a group of settlers in the area formed their own government, and named the Oklahoma Panhandle the Cimarron Territory. Many of these settlers were from Beaver City. The territory was never recognized by the United States government. The area was assigned to the new Oklahoma Territory in May 1890. The State of Oklahoma was formed in 1907.

### Towns

- Beaver (county seat)
- Forgan
- Gate
- Knowles

### Other

- Balko
- Elmwood
- Floris
- Mocane
- Slapout
- Turpin

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Beaver County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: RuralBeaverCountyOklahoma.JPG
- **ex image size**: 300px
- **ex image cap**: Rural Beaver County (2011)
- **founded year**: 1890
- **seat wl**: Beaver
- **largest city wl**: Beaver
- **city type**: town
- **area total sq mi**: 1818
- **area land sq mi**: 1815
- **area water sq mi**: 2.8
- **area percentage**: 0.2%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 5049
- **density sq mi**: 3.1
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **web**: http://beaver.okcounties.org/
Beckham County, Oklahoma

**Beckham County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 22,410 people lived there.  Its county seat is Sayre.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 904 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Beckham County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **founded date**: November 16
- **seat wl**: Sayre
- **largest city wl**: Elk City
- **area total sq mi**: 904
- **area land sq mi**: 902
- **area water sq mi**: 2.1
- **area percentage**: 0.2%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 22410
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **web**: beckham.okcounties.org
- **named for**: J. C. W. Beckham
- **ex image**: Beckham County Courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Beckham County Courthouse,
 Sayre, Oklahoma 2015
Blaine County, Oklahoma

**Blaine County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 8,735 people lived there.  Its county seat is Watonga.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 939 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Blaine County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: Blaine County Courthouse , Watonga, Oklahoma.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Blaine County Courthouse in Watonga
- **founded year**: 1890
- **founded date**: May 2
- **seat wl**: Watonga
- **largest city wl**: Watonga
- **area total sq mi**: 939
- **area land sq mi**: 928
- **area water sq mi**: 10
- **area percentage**: 1.1%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 8735
- **density sq mi**: 9.3
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **web**: http://blaine.okcounties.org/
- **named for**: James G. Blaine
Bryan County, Oklahoma

**Bryan County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  In 2020, about 46,067 people lived there.  Its county seat is Durant.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 943 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Bryan County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Durant
- **largest city wl**: Durant
- **area total sq mi**: 944
- **area land sq mi**: 904
- **area water sq mi**: 39
- **area percentage**: 4.2%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 46067
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **ex image**: Durant June 2018 02 (Bryan County Courthouse).jpg
- **ex image cap**: Bryan County Courthouse
- **district**: 2nd
Caddo County, Oklahoma

**Caddo County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 26,945 people lived there.  Its county seat is Anadarko.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 1,290 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Caddo County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: So plains indian museum.jpg
- **ex image cap**: The Southern Plains Indians, Plains Indian Museum in Anadarko, Oklahoma, Anadarko
- **founded year**: 1901
- **founded date**: August 6
- **seat wl**: Anadarko
- **largest city wl**: Anadarko
- **area total sq mi**: 1290
- **area land sq mi**: 1278
- **area water sq mi**: 12
- **area percentage**: 0.9%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 26945
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **named for**: Caddo, Caddo Tribe
Canadian County, Oklahoma

**Canadian County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. In 2020, 154,405 people lived there. Its county seat is El Reno.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 905 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Canadian County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: El Reno, OK USA - Carnegie Library - panoramio.jpg
- **ex image cap**: El Reno Carnegie Library
- **founded year**: 1890
- **founded date**: March
- **seat wl**: El Reno
- **area total sq mi**: 906
- **area land sq mi**: 897
- **area water sq mi**: 9.0
- **area percentage**: 1.0%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 154405
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 3rd
- **district2**: 4th
- **named for**: Canadian River
- **web**: http://www.canadiancounty.org
- **largest city**: Yukon, Oklahoma, Yukon
Carter County, Oklahoma

**Carter County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 48,003 people lived there.  Its county seat is Ardmore.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 834 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Carter County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Ardmore
- **largest city wl**: Ardmore
- **area total sq mi**: 834
- **area land sq mi**: 822
- **area water sq mi**: 12
- **area percentage**: 1.4%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 48003
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **web**: http://cartercountyok.us
- **named for**: Ben W. Carter
- **ex image**: Ardmore ok8.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Carter County Courthouse in Ardmore
- **district**: 4th
Choctaw County, Oklahoma

**Choctaw County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 14,204 people lived there.  Its county seat is Hugo.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 801 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Choctaw County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Hugo
- **largest city wl**: Hugo
- **area total sq mi**: 800
- **area land sq mi**: 770
- **area water sq mi**: 29
- **area percentage**: 3.7%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 14204
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **ex image**: Choctaw county ok courthouse.jpg
- **ex image size**: 250
- **ex image cap**: The Choctaw County Courthouse in Hugo.
- **district**: 2nd
Cleveland County, Oklahoma

**Cleveland County** is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  At the 2020 census, 295,528 people lived there.  Its county seat is Norman.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 558 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Cleveland County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1890
- **seat wl**: Norman
- **largest city**: Norman
- **named for**: Grover Cleveland
- **area total sq mi**: 558
- **area land sq mi**: 539
- **area water sq mi**: 19
- **area percentage**: 3.5%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 295528
- **density sq mi**: 548.6
- **web**: http://www.clevelandcountyok.com/
- **time zone**: Central
- **ex image**: Cleveland County Court House.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Cleveland County Courthouse
- **district**: 4th
Coal County, Oklahoma

**Coal County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 5,266 people lived there.  Its county seat is Coalgate.

## History

Coal County was made in 1907.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 521 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Coal County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **ex image**: Coalgate, Oklahoma park P 248.jpg
- **ex image size**: 300px
- **ex image cap**: Park in Coalgate, Oklahoma, Coalgate
- **founded year**: 1907
- **seat wl**: Coalgate
- **largest city wl**: Coalgate
- **area total sq mi**: 521
- **area land sq mi**: 517
- **area water sq mi**: 4.7
- **area percentage**: 0.9%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 5266
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Central
- **district**: 2nd
Comanche County, Oklahoma

**Comanche County** is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  As of 2020, 121,125 people lived there. Its county seat is Lawton.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 1,064 square miles.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Comanche County
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **founded year**: 1901
- **founded date**: July 8
- **seat wl**: Lawton
- **largest city wl**: Lawton
- **area total sq mi**: 1084
- **area land sq mi**: 1069
- **area water sq mi**: 14
- **area percentage**: 1.3%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 121125
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.comanchecounty.us
- **district**: 4th
- **time zone**: Central
- **ex image**: Comanche County Oklahoma courthouse.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Comanche County Courthouse
English Football League

The **English Football League** (which was the **Football League**) is a football league in England and Wales. It was created in 1888 and was the top league in England until 1992 when the English Premier League was created. It is now a league for tiers 2-4 of English football.

### Championship

- Barnsley
- Birmingham City
- Bournemouth
- Brentford
- Bristol City
- Blackburn Rovers
- Cardiff City
- Coventry City
- Derby County
- Huddersfield Town
- Luton Town
- Middlesbrough
- Millwall
- Norwich City
- Nottingham Forest
- Preston North End
- Queens Park Rangers
- Reading
- Rotherham United
- Sheffield Wednesday
- Stoke City
- Swansea City
- Watford
- Wycombe Wanderers

### League One

- Accrington Stanley
- AFC Wimbledon
- Blackpool
- Bristol Rovers
- Burton Albion
- Charlton Athletic
- Crewe Alexandra
- Doncaster Rovers
- Fleetwood Town
- Gillingham
- Hull City
- Ipswich Town
- Lincoln City
- Milton Keynes Dons
- Northampton Town
- Oxford United
- Peterborough United
- Plymouth Argyle
- Portsmouth
- Rochdale
- Shrewsbury Town
- Swindon Town
- Sunderland
- Wigan Athletic

### League Two

- Barrow
- Bolton Wanderers
- Bradford City
- Cambridge United
- Carlisle United
- Cheltenham Town
- Colchester United
- Crawley Town
- Exeter City
- Forest Green Rovers
- Grimsby Town
- Harrogate Town
- Leyton Orient
- Mansfield Town
- Morecambe
- Newport County
- Oldham Athletic
- Port Vale
- Salford City
- Scunthorpe United
- Southend United
- Stevenage
- Tranmere Rovers
- Walsall

## Related pages

- English Premier League

## Infobox (football league)

- **leaguename**: English Football League
- **country**: England and Wales
- **confederation**: UEFA
- **founded**: 1888
- **level**: 2–4
- **divisions**: Football League Championship, League Championship
Football League One, League One
Football League Two, League Two
- **number of teams**: 72
- **promotion to**: English Premier League, Premier League
- **relegation to**: English National League, National League
- **domestic cup**: FA Cup
EFL Cup
EFL Trophy (League One and Two clubs only)
- **international cup**: UEFA Europa League
- **current champions**: Burnley F.C., Burnley
- **season**: 2015–16 Football League, 2015–16
- **current season**: 2016–17 English Football League