juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Clinton, South Carolina

**Clinton**  is a city in Laurens County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,633 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Greenville–Mauldin–Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Clinton, South Carolina
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Clinton-Broad-block-sc.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Broad Street
- **image flag**: Flag of Clinton, South Carolina.svg
- **pushpin map**: South Carolina
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in South Carolina
- **pushpin label**: Clinton
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: South Carolina
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in South Carolina, County
- **subdivision name2**: Laurens County, South Carolina, Laurens
- **government type**: Council–manager government, Council–Manager
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **leader title2**: City Council
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 27.05
- **area land km2**: 26.89
- **area water km2**: 0.16
- **area total sq mi**: 10.45
- **area land sq mi**: 10.38
- **area water sq mi**: 0.06
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 7633
- **population density km2**: 283.82
- **population density sq mi**: 735.07
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 676
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 29325
- **area code**: Area code 864, 864
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 45-15295
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1247319
- **website**: [http://www.cityofclintonsc.com/ www.cityofclintonsc.com]
Laurens, South Carolina

**Laurens** is a city in Laurens County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 9,335 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Laurens County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Laurens, South Carolina
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "Gateway to the Upstate"
- **image skyline**: Laurenssc.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Gateway Park
- **image map**: SCMap-doton-Laurens.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Laurens in South Carolina
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in South Carolina, County
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision name1**: South Carolina
- **subdivision name2**: Laurens County, South Carolina, Laurens
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 25.49
- **area land km2**: 25.49
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 9.84
- **area land sq mi**: 9.84
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **elevation ft**: 614
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 9335
- **population density km2**: 366.22
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **website**: [http://www.cityoflaurenssc.com cityoflaurenssc.com]
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 29360
- **area code**: Area code 864, 864
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 45-40615
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1246310
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population density sq mi**: 948.49
Mauldin, South Carolina

**Mauldin** is a city in Greenville County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 24,724 at the 2020 census, up from 22,889 in 2010. It is a principal city of the Greenville-Anderson-Greer Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Easley, South Carolina

**Easley** is a city in Pickens County (with parts going into Anderson County) in the State of South Carolina. It is a principal city of the Greenville–Mauldin–Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Easley, South Carolina
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "Time Well Spent"
- **image skyline**: EasleySCMon.png
- **imagesize**: 300px
- **image caption**: Top, left to right: Downtown Easley, Norfolk Southern Railway, Easley Mill, Easley water tower, Easley City Hall
- **pushpin map**: South Carolina
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Easley in South Carolina
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in South Carolina, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Pickens County, South Carolina, Pickens, partially Anderson County, South Carolina, Anderson
- **established title**: Established
- **established date**: 1874
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1901
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 33.86
- **area land km2**: 33.80
- **area water km2**: 0.05
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 22921
- **population density km2**: 678.11
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation ft**: 1063
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 29640-29642
- **area code**: Area code 864, 864
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 45-21985
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1247594
- **area total sq mi**: 13.07
- **area land sq mi**: 13.05
- **area water sq mi**: 0.02
- **population density sq mi**: 1756.26
Karla Avelar

**Karla Avelar** (born 1978), she is a Salvadoran activist for the rights of transgender people. She is also the executive director of Comcavis Trans.

## Works

She also the founded an organisation of transgender people called COMCAVIS TRANS, in 2008. It was made as a support group of TRANS women.

## Awards

In 2017, she was a listed as one of the finalist of the Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders.
Riachão (singer)

**Clementino Rodrigues** (14 November 1921 – 30 March 2020) was an Brazilian samba composer and singer. He was born in Salvador, Brazil. Riachão had several of his songs performed by national singers, one of the best known was "Vá Morar com o Diabo" and "Cada Macaco no Seu Galho ". Known for his samba music, other hits include "Retrato da Bahia" and "Bochechuda e Papuda".

Riachão died in his sleep at his home on 30 March 2020 in Salvador of a possible heart attack, aged 98.
Josefa Francisco

**Josefa "Gigi" Francisco** (1954 -  22 July 2015), she was an advocate for the cause of gender equality and rights of women<nowiki/> in the Philippines.  She help made a lot of programs to lessen the imbalance of gender and also made researches on many aspects of women's equality and their rights. She worked closely with the United Nations on various projects.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Josefa "Gigi" Francisco
- **death date**: 22 July 2015
- **death place**: Philippines
- **organization**: ISIS International
Women and Gender Institute
Organization for Development Alternatives for Women in a New Era, DAWN
- **occupation**: Researcher, Global coordinator of DAWN
Nanfadima Magassouba

**Nanfadima Magassouba** is an activist of women's rights and a politician from Guinea. She was the head of the National Coalition of Guinea for the Rights and Citizenship of Women (CONAG-DCF), and a member of Guinea's National Assembly since 2013.
Karina Pankievich

**Karina Pankievich** is an activist of trans rights from Uruguay. She is the president of Asociación Trans del Uruguay.
Lysis

**Lysis** is when a cell's wall or membrane falls apart and kills the cell. It usually happens when the cell is attacked by a virus or enzyme.
Hans Rosenfeldt

**Hans Rosenfeldt** (born **Hans Petersson**; 13 July 1964) is a Swedish screenwriter, radio presenter, novelist and actor. He co-created the Swedish series _De drabbade_ (2003) and _Oskyldigt dömd_ (2008–2009). He also created the Swedish-Danish series _The Bridge_ (2011–2018) and the British series _Marcella_ (2016–present).

Rosenfeldt was born in Borås, Västergötland. At  tall, he wanted to have a basketball playing career. He is married and has three children. He lives in Täby.
Norman Kwong

**Norman Lim Kwong** (born **Lim Kwong Yew**; ; October 24, 1929 – September 3, 2016) was a Canadian football player, politician and businessman. He played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for the Calgary Stampeders (1948–1950) and Edmonton Eskimos (1951–1960). He won the Grey Cup four times during his career (1948, 1954, 1955 and 1956). He served as the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta from January 2005 to May 2010. He was also part owner of the Calgary Flames for a time.

Kwong was born in Calgary, Alberta. He was the son of Chinese immigrants from Taishan, Guangdong. He was the first Canadian professional gridiron football player of Chinese heritage. Kwong died in Calgary on September 3, 2016, at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Canadian Football Hall of Fame profile
John W. Drummond

**John Willie Drummond** (September 29, 1919 – September 3, 2016) was an American politician. He was a Democrat. He served as a member of the South Carolina Senate from 1966 to 2008. He represented the state 10th district during his time in office. He was also a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1965 to 1966. He was born in Greenwood, South Carolina.

Drummond died in Ninety Six, South Carolina, on September 3, 2016. He was 96.
Greenwood, South Carolina

**Greenwood** is a city in and the county seat of Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 22,545.
Ninety Six, South Carolina

**Ninety Six** is a town in Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 2,076.
Salena Rocky Malone

**Salena Rocky Malone** (died in May 2017), she was an Australian activist for human rights, and an active member of the LGBT community in Australia. She was one of the founders of IngiLez Leadership Support Group (ILSG), and the manager of Open Doors Youth Service.

Malone worked as an Aboriginals Liaison Officer and LGBTI Liaison Officer with the Queensland Police Service.Also, she was part of the PFLAG, Dykes on Bikes, the LGBTI Health Alliance.

## Awards

Malone received an award for Best Community Service at Brisbane's Queen's Ball Awards for her accomplishments in Open Doors Youth Service, because of her work with at-risk LGBTI youth.

## Death

Malone died on a motorcycle accident in Rockhampton on 22 May 2017.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Salena Rocky Malone
- **death date**: 22 May 2017
- **nationality**: Australian
- **occupation**: LGBTI rights activist
- **known for**: LGBQTI activist
Mark Meadows

**Mark Randall Meadows** (born July 28, 1959) is an American politician. He was President Donald Trump's  White House chief of staff from March 31, 2020 to January 20, 2021.  Meadows was the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 11th congressional district from 2013 to 2020. He is a member of the Republican Party. He chaired the Freedom Caucus from 2017 to 2019. On December 14, 2021, Meadows was held in criminal contempt of Congress of the Congress for not wanting to work with the January 6th Select Committee. He is the first former member of Congress to have been held in contempt of Congress.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Mark Meadows
- **image**: Mark Meadows 2023.jpg
- **office**: 29th White House Chief of Staff
- **president**: Donald Trump
- **term start**: March 31, 2020
- **term end**: January 20, 2021
- **predecessor**: Mick Mulvaney (acting)
- **successor**: Ron Klain
- **office1**: Ranking Member of the United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform, House Oversight Committee
- **term start1**: March 12, 2020
- **term end1**: March 30, 2020
- **predecessor1**: Jim Jordan (American politician), Jim Jordan
- **successor1**: Jim Jordan
- **office2**: Chair of the House Freedom Caucus
- **term start2**: January 3, 2017
- **term end2**: October 1, 2019
- **predecessor2**: Jim Jordan (American politician), Jim Jordan
- **successor2**: Andy Biggs
- **state3**: North Carolina
- **term start3**: January 3, 2013
- **term end3**: March 30, 2020
- **predecessor3**: Heath Shuler
- **successor3**: Madison Cawthorn
- **birth name**: Mark Randall Meadows
- **birth place**: Verdun, France
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Florida State University
University of South Florida (Associate degree, AA)
Jim Jordan

**James Daniel Jordan** (born February 17, 1964) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. representative for  since 2007. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Jordan was the ranking member of the House Oversight Committee from 2019 to 2020. In February 2020, he left that committee to become the ranking member of the United States House Committee on the Judiciary.

In college, he was a wrestler.

After the House removed Kevin McCarthy from the speakership on October 3, 2023, Jordan launched a bid for the speakership. His speakership bid has been endorsed by former President Donald Trump.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jim Jordan
- **image**: Jim Jordan official photo, 114th Congress.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2015
- **office1**: Chair of the United States House Committee on the Judiciary, House Judiciary Committee
- **term start1**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor1**: Jerry Nadler
- **office2**: Ranking Member of the United States House Committee on the Judiciary, House Judiciary Committee
- **term start2**: March 12, 2020
- **term end2**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor2**: Doug Collins (politician), Doug Collins
- **successor2**: Jerry Nadler
- **office3**: Ranking Member of the United States House Committee on Oversight and Reform, House Oversight Committee
- **term start3**: March 31, 2020
- **term end3**: June 29, 2020
- **predecessor3**: Mark Meadows
- **successor3**: James Comer (politician), James Comer
- **term start4**: January 3, 2019
- **term end4**: March 12, 2020
- **predecessor4**: Elijah Cummings
- **successor4**: Mark Meadows
- **office5**: Chair of the Freedom Caucus, House Freedom Caucus
- **term start5**: October 1, 2015
- **term end5**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor5**: _Position established_
- **successor5**: Mark Meadows
- **state6**: Ohio
- **term start6**: January 3, 2007
- **predecessor6**: Mike Oxley
- **state senate7**: Ohio
- **district7**: Ohio's 12th senatorial district, 12th
- **term start7**: January 3, 2001
- **term end7**: December 31, 2006
- **predecessor7**: Robert R. Cupp
- **successor7**: Keith Faber
- **state house8**: Ohio
- **district8**: 85th
- **term start8**: January 3, 1995
- **term end8**: December 31, 2000
- **predecessor8**: Jim Davis (Ohio politician), Jim Davis
- **successor8**: Derrick Seaver
- **birth name**: James Daniel Jordan
- **birth place**: Troy, Ohio, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 4
- **education**: University of Wisconsin–Madison (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Ohio State University (Master of Arts, MA)
Capital University Law School (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **awards**: Presidential Medal of Freedom (2021)
H. Joel Deckard

**Huey Joel Deckard** (March 7, 1942 – September 6, 2016) was an American politician. For most of his political career, he was a Republican. He notably served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for  from 1979 to 1983. He was also a member of the Indiana House of Representatives from 1966 to 1974. He was the Reform Party's nominee for U.S. Senator in 2000

Deckard was born in Vandalia, Illinois. He died due to an apparent heart attack in McKinney, Texas. He was 74.
Reimar Lüst

**Reimar Lüst** (25 March 1923 – 31 March 2020) was a German astrophysicist. He was the president of the German Max Planck Society from 1972 to 1984 and the director general of the European Space Agency (ESA) from 1984 until 1990. Lüst was a professor at New York, MIT and Caltech before he became the director general of the ESA.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1989.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Reimar Lüst
- **birth place**: Wuppertal, Germany
- **nationality**: German
- **fields**: Physics
- **alma mater**: Frankfurt/Main, University of Göttingen, University of Chicago, Princeton
- **known for**: Director General of the ESA
Howell Township, New Jersey

**Howell Township** is a township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 53,537.
Chester, Vermont

**Chester** is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 3,005.
Isaac Robinson (politician)

**William Isaac Robinson** (August 21, 1975 – March 29, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives as a Democrat from 2019 until his death in 2020. He replaced his mother, Rose Mary Robinson in the state house.

On March 29, 2020, Robinson was taken to a Detroit hospital due to breathing problems. He died later that day from a suspected case of COVID-19. He was 44 years old.
Nydia Velázquez

**Nydia Margarita Velázquez Serrano** (born March 28, 1953) is a Puerto Rican-American politician. She has been a member of the United States House of Representatives since 1993. Velázquez, a Democrat from New York was the chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus until January 3, 2011.

Velázquez is the first Puerto Rican woman to serve in the United States Congress.

Valazquez voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time in the 117th Congress, according to a _FiveThirtyEight_ analysis.

In March 2020, Velázquez was diagnosed with a possible case of COVID-19 during the coronavirus pandemic.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nydia Velázquez
- **image**: Nydia Velázquez official portrait.jpg
- **office**: Chair of the United States House Committee on Small Business, House Small Business Committee
- **term start**: January 3, 2019
- **predecessor**: Steve Chabot
- **term start1**: January 3, 2007
- **term end1**: January 3, 2011
- **predecessor1**: Don Manzullo
- **successor1**: Sam Graves
- **office2**: Member of the
United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives
from New York (state), New York
- **term start2**: January 3, 1993
- **predecessor2**: Major Owens
- **constituency2**: New York's 12th congressional district, 12th district (1993–2013)
New York's 7th congressional district, 7th district (2013–present)
- **office3**: Member of the New York City Council
from the 27th district
- **term start3**: 1984
- **term end3**: 1985
- **predecessor3**: Luis Olmedo
- **successor3**: Victor L. Robles
- **birth name**: Nydia Margarita Velázquez
- **birth place**: Limones, Yabucoa, Puerto Rico, Limones, Puerto Rico
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Paul Bader
- **education**: University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
New York University (Master of Arts, MA)
Montpellier Business School

**Montpellier Business School** is an European higher studies establishment. The school is in Montpellier, France. It is one of the oldest business school in the world established in 1897.

MBS is specialist in the fields of economics, social sciences and management.

## Further reading

- MBS website
Spider silk

Most spiders can produce a natural fibre which they use for different purposes. This fibre is called **spider silk**. Depending on the type of spider, spider silk is uses for purposes of catching prey (either by weaving a net, or by throwing a sticky thread at prey), to get away from predators, and to protect the eggs and the young in a cocoon. Spider silk  is very resistant, and has a high tensile strength, it does not tear easily.

Unlike the silk from silkworms, spider silk cannot be produced in large quantities.

## Spider Silk

Spider silk is a natural biological material produced by spiders, characterized by its exceptional strength and elasticity. It is composed of specific proteins secreted by glands in the spider's body.

## Composition of Spider Silk

Spider silk is made up of a series of proteins,
including:
1.**Spidroin**:This is the primary protein in spider silk, consisting of long chains of amino acids.
2.**Other proteins**: Additional proteins play a role in the formation of spider silk, such as those that help bind protein chains together.

## Uses of Spider Silk

Spiders utilize their silk in various applications, including:

1.**Web construction**: Spiders use their silk to create webs for capturing prey.
2.**Protection**: Some spiders use their silk for protection from predators or to cover their eggs.
3.**Communication**: Some spiders may use their silk for communication with each other.

## Properties of Spider Silk

Spider silk exhibits several notable properties, including:

1.**Strength**: Spider silk is one of the strongest natural materials, capable of withstanding significant tensile forces without breaking.
2.**Elasticity**: Spider silk is highly elastic, allowing it to stretch without breaking.
3.**Lightweight**: Spider silk is extremely lightweight, making it ideal for applications where weight is a concern.

## Research and Potential Applications

Researchers are studying spider silk to understand how this unique material is produced and to explore potential applications, such as:

1.**Medicine**: Spider silk could be used to develop new medical materials, such as surgical sutures.
2.**Engineering**: Spider silk could be used to develop new engineering materials, such as impact-resistant materials.
3.**Industry**: Spider silk could be used to develop new industrial materials, such as tear-resistant fabrics.
Adam Schlesinger

**Adam Lyons Schlesinger** (October 31, 1967 – April 1, 2020) was an American singer-songwriter, record producer, and guitarist. He won three Emmys, a Grammy, and the ASCAP Pop Music Award. He was nominated for an Oscar, Tony Award and Golden Globe for best original song in 1983.

His best known work was writing and co-producing the title song to _That Thing You Do!_. He composed "Master Of The Seas" for _Ice Age: Continental Drift_ performed by Jennifer Lopez, Peter Dinklage and others. He wrote and produced three songs for _Music and Lyrics_. He also wrote "Stacy's Mom".

He was a founding member of the bands Fountains of Wayne, Ivy, and Tinted Windows. He is a key songwriter and producer for Brooklyn-based synth-pop duo Fever High.

Schlesinger grew up in Manhattan and Montclair, New Jersey. He studied at Williams College.

On March 31, 2020, Schlesinger was diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalized under critical condition. He died from the infection the following day in Poughkeepsie, New York at the age of 52.
Peter Singer

**Peter Albert David Singer**  (born 6 July 1946) is an Australian moral philosopher. He is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University. He is also laureate professor of the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics at the University of Melbourne. In the area of applied ethics, he talks about ethical issues from a secular, utilitarian perspective.

Singer is well-known for his book _Animal Liberation_ (1975). The book argues in favour of veganism. His essay "Famine, Affluence, and Morality" argues in favour of donating to help the global poor. He has twice served as chair of the philosophy department at Monash University. In 1996, he ran as a Greens candidate for the Australian Senate. In 2004, he was named as the Australian Humanist of the Year by the Council of Australian Humanist Societies.

Singer was born in Melbourne, Victoria. His parents were Austrian Jews. They moved to Australia from Vienna in 1938–39, after Austria's annexation by Nazi Germany. Singer is an atheist.
IPadOS

**iPadOS** is a mobile operating system made by Apple Inc. for iPad tablet computers. It was released on September 24, 2019. It replaced iOS 12.

## Infobox (os)

- **name**: iPadOS
- **logo**: IPadOS wordmark.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **logo caption**: Logo
- **developer**: Apple Inc.
- **programmed in**: C (programming language), C, C++, Objective-C, Swift (programming language), Swift, assembly language
- **family**: Unix-like, based on Darwin (operating system), Darwin (Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD), iOS
- **working state**: Current
- **source model**: Proprietary software, Closed source
- **latest release version**: iPadOS 18.6.2 released
- **marketing target**: Tablet computers
- **language**: 40 languages
- **updatemodel**: Over-the-air programming, OTA, Software Update, App Store (iOS), App Store
- **kernel type**: Hybrid kernel, Hybrid (XNU)
- **ui**: Cocoa Touch (multi-touch, graphical user interface, GUI)
- **license**: Proprietary software except for open-source components
- **support status**: Supported
- **other articles**: iOS 13 (comes from)
- **bodystyle**: width:315px;
- **preceded by**: iOS 12
Manti, Utah

**Manti** ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Sanpete County, Utah, United States. The population was 3,429 at the 2020 United States Census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Manti, Utah
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Manti_Utah.jpg
- **image caption**: Birdseye view of Manti and the Sanpete Valley, August 2004
- **image map**: Sanpete County Utah incorporated and unincorporated areas Manti highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete County and the state of Utah.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Utah
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Utah, County
- **subdivision name2**: Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Alfred "Chuck" Bigelow
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1849
- **established title1**: Incorporated
- **established date1**: 1851
- **founder**: George Washington Bradley and Isaac Morley
- **named for**: A city in the Book of Mormon
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 8.17
- **area land km2**: 8.17
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 3.15
- **area land sq mi**: 3.15
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 3429
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation m**: 1710
- **elevation ft**: 5610
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 84642
- **area code**: Area code 435, 435
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 49-47730
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1443136
- **website**: [http://manticity.com/ manticity.com]
Ephraim, Utah

**Ephraim** is a city in Sanpete County, Utah, United States. The population was 5,611 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Sanpete County.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Ephraim, Utah
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Ephraim utah 09-18-2010.jpg
- **image caption**: Shops in Ephraim, Utah
- **image map**: Sanpete County Utah incorporated and unincorporated areas Ephraim highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete County and the state of Utah.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Utah
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Utah, County
- **subdivision name2**: Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1854
- **named for**: Ephraim
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 11.34
- **area land km2**: 11.34
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 4.38
- **area land sq mi**: 4.38
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population total**: 5611
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation m**: 1689
- **elevation ft**: 5541
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 84627
- **area code**: Area code 435, 435
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 49-23530
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1440944
Mount Pleasant, Utah

**Mount Pleasant** is a city in Sanpete County, Utah, in the United States. Mt. Pleasant is known for its 19th-century main street buildings. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 3,655.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Mount Pleasant, Utah
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Mount Pleasant Utah.jpg
- **image caption**: Historic buildings on Mount Pleasant's Main Street
- **image map**: Sanpete County Utah incorporated and unincorporated areas Mount Pleasant highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete County and the state of Utah.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Utah
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Utah, County
- **subdivision name2**: Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete
- **founder**: Madison Hambleton
- **established title2**: Incorporated
- **established date2**: 1868
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 7.59
- **area land km2**: 7.59
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 2.93
- **area land sq mi**: 2.93
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 3655
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation m**: 1806
- **elevation ft**: 5925
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 84647
- **area code**: Area code 435, 435
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 49-53010
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1430522
- **website**: [http://www.mtpleasantcity.com/ Mount Pleasant City Website]
Spencer Cox

**Spencer James Cox** (born July 11, 1975) is an American attorney and politician. He is a member of the  Republican Party. In 2021, he became Governor of Utah. Cox was the eighth Lieutenant Governor of Utah from October 2013 to January 2021.

Cox was raised in Fairview, Utah. He was appointed to Fairview's city council, and later acted as the city’s mayor.

In October 2013, Governor Gary Herbert picked Cox to replace Greg Bell as lieutenant governor. Cox ran for governor and won the November 2020 election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Spencer Cox
- **image**: DCM Reception for the Governor of Utah. September 12, 2022 47 (crop).jpg
- **order**: 18th List of governors of Utah, Governor of Utah
- **lieutenant**: Deidre Henderson
- **term start**: January 4, 2021
- **predecessor**: Gary Herbert
- **office1**: 8th Lieutenant Governor of Utah
- **governor1**: Gary Herbert
- **term start1**: October 16, 2013
- **term end1**: January 4, 2021
- **predecessor1**: Greg Bell (politician), Greg Bell
- **successor1**: Deidre Henderson
- **state house2**: Utah
- **district2**: 58th
- **term start2**: January 1, 2013
- **term end2**: October 16, 2013
- **predecessor2**: Stephen Sandstrom
- **successor2**: Jon Cox (politician), Jon Cox
- **office3**: Member of the
Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete County Commission
from the A District
- **term start3**: 2008
- **term end3**: 2012
- **predecessor3**: Dwight Inouye
- **successor3**: Jon Cox (politician), Jon Cox
- **birth place**: Mount Pleasant, Utah, Mount Pleasant, Utah, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Abby Palmer
- **children**: 4
- **residence**: Utah Governor's Mansion, Governor's Mansion
- **education**: Snow College
Utah State University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
 (Juris Doctor, JD)
Fairview, Utah

**Fairview** is a city in northern Sanpete County, Utah, United States. The population was 1,203 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fairview, Utah
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Fairview Utah City Hall.jpeg
- **image caption**: Fairview City Hall, July 2011
- **image map**: Sanpete County Utah incorporated and unincorporated areas Fairview highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete County and the state of Utah.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Utah
- **subdivision type2**: County (United States), County
- **subdivision name2**: Sanpete County, Utah, Sanpete
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1859
- **founder**: James N. Jones
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 3.26
- **area land km2**: 3.26
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 1.26
- **area land sq mi**: 1.26
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1203
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation m**: 1813
- **elevation ft**: 5948
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 84629
- **area code**: Area code 435, 435
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 49-24630
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1440983
Scalar (physics)

In physics, a **scalar** or **scalar quantities** are the physical quantity which are expressed only by their magnitude without detection. The contrary notion is vector.
Louise Ebrel

**Louise Ebrel** (27 July 1932 – 30 March 2020) was a French singer and guitarist. She was born at Treffrin in the Côtes-du-Nord. From 1991 to 2006 she worked with singer-poet Denez Prigent in concerts, both as a duo and with his musical group.

Beginning in 1996 she performed with Ifig Flatrès in _kan ha diskan_ at festoù noz. In 2006 she began performing on Breton stages with the punk group Les Ramoneurs de menhirs and the rockers of Red Cardell.

Ebrel died on 30 March 2020 at the age of 87.
Eva Krížiková

**Eva Krížiková** (; July 15, 1934 – March 31, 2020) was a Slovak actress. She was seen as the best Slovak entertainer and **The First Lady of Slovak Humor**. She was born in Račišdorf, Czechoslovakia. Her first starring role came in _Friday the 13th_ (1953). Her best known role was in _In the Coat of Lioness' Arms_ (1994).

Krížiková died on March 31, 2020 in Malacky, Slovakia at the age of 85.
Kiyoshi Sasabe

was a Japanese movie director. He was born in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi.

Sasabe's movie _Half a Confession_ won the best picture award at the 28th Japan Academy Prize. His other best known work include _Hi wa mata noboru_ (2002), _Chirusoku no natsu_ (2003), _Half a Confession_ (2004), _Deguchi no nai umi_ (2006), _Town of Evening Calm, Country of Cherry Blossoms_ (2007) and _Tsure ga Utsu ni Narimashite_ (2011).

Sasabe died on March 31, 2020 after falling at his hotel in Shimonoseki at the age of 62.
Andrew Jack (dialect coach)

**Andrew Jack** (born **Andrew Hutchinson**; 28 January 1944 – 31 March 2020) was a British dialect coach and actor. He was born in London. He  had worked on over 80 movies beginning in 1982. He had worked with over 200 actors including Robert Downey Jr., Pierce Brosnan, Cate Blanchett, and Viggo Mortensen. He was a supervising dialect coach for _The Lord of the Rings_, he created the Middle-earth accents and taught them, along with Elvish and Black Speech, to the cast of the trilogy.

Jack can also be seen in the _Star Wars_ movie series playing Resistance Major (later promoted to General) Caluan Ematt in _Star Wars: The Force Awakens_ and _Star Wars: The Last Jedi_. He also voiced the character of Moloch in Solo: A Star Wars Story.

On March 31, 2020, Jack died from COVID-19 at the age of 76.
Nellie Bertram

**Nellie Bertram** is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series _The Office_, played by Catherine Tate. She first appears as a guest star in the seventh season, where she interviewed for the Regional Manager job at the Dunder Mifflin Scranton branch.

She is an original character, and was not copied in the original British version of the series.

She was reportedly the top choice to replace Steve Carell, but was unable to join the series, due to her other work at the West End production of the Shakespeare play _Much Ado About Nothing_.

However, Tate later returned to the role as a series regular for the second half of season eight and continued in the role for the final season.
Rafael Gómez Nieto

**Rafael Gómez Nieto** (21 January 1921 – 31 March 2020) was a Spanish soldier. He was a veteran of the Spanish Civil War and World War II. He was born in Almería, Andalusia. He fought with "Lleva del Biberó" and was part of the Battle of the Ebro with Spanish Republican Army.

After the war, he went to France where he was kept in the Saint-Cyprien camp. Four months later he was able to reach Algeria with his father, who was in the Argelés internment camp. After the invasion of North Africa by the Allies during World War II, he became part of the 9th Company (_La Nueve_) of the 2nd Armored Division that.

He died on 31 March 2020 in a nursing home in Strasbourg (France) from COVID-19 during the coronavirus pandemic. He was the last living survivor of _La Nueve_.
Mohamed Al-Fayed

**Mohamed Abdel Moneim Al-Fayed** (; 27 January 1929 – 30 August 2023) was an Egyptian businessman. Fayed's business interests include ownership of Hôtel Ritz Paris and formerly Harrods. He sold Fulham Football Club to Shahid Khan in 2013. His son Dodi died in a car crash in Paris with Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997.

Fayed was born in Roshdy, Alexandria. Dodi was the child from his first marriage to Samira Khashoggi from 1954 to 1956. He later married Finnish socialite and former model Heini Wathén in 1985. The couple had four children, including Omar.

Al-Fayed had been accused by multiple women of sexual harassment and assault.

Al-Fayed died on 30 August 2023 in London, England at the age of 94.

## Other websites

- _Forbes_ profile

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mohamed Al-Fayed
- **native name lang**: ar
- **image**: Mohamed Al-Fayed.jpg
- **caption**: Al-Fayed in 2011
- **birth place**: Alexandria, Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt
- **death place**: London, England
- **burial place**: Barrow Green Court
- **occupation**: Businessman
- **children**: 5, including Dodi Fayed, Dodi and Omar Fayed, Omar
Angie

**Angie** may refer to:

## Movies

- Angie (movie) - a 1994 movie.
- Angie (1993 movie) - a 1993 movie.
Awirs

**Awirs** () is a village in the Belgian province of Liège. It is part of the municipality of Flémalle.
Puurs-Sint-Amands

**Puurs-Sint-Amands** is a municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp. On 1 January 2019 the former municipalities of Puurs and Sint-Amands joined together to become the new municipality of Puurs-Sint-Amands.
Crossville, Illinois

**Crossville** is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Claremont, Illinois

**Claremont** is a village in Illinois in the United States. The population was 161 at the 2020 census.
Townsend, Montana

**Townsend** is a city in and the county seat of Broadwater County, Montana, United States. 1,787 people lived here at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Townsend, Montana
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: First City on the Missouri & Valley of Adventure
- **image skyline**: TownsendMontana.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Mainstreet, Townsend
- **image map**: Broadwater_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Townsend_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Townsend, Montana
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Montana
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Montana, County
- **subdivision name2**: Broadwater County, Montana, Broadwater
- **government type**: Mayor-City Council
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 3.97
- **area land km2**: 3.97
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 1.53
- **area land sq mi**: 1.53
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 1787
- **population density km2**: 450.55
- **population density sq mi**: 1167.21
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation ft**: 3842
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 59644
- **area code**: Area code 406, 406
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 30-74575
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0792298
Tholey

**Tholey** is a municipality of the district of Sankt Wendel, in Saarland, Germany.

## Other websites

- Official website
Fitzbek

**Fitzbek** is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Capron, Illinois

**Capron** is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Klickitat County, Washington

**Klickitat County** is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. The county seat is Goldendale. At the 2020 census, 22,735 people lived there.
Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers

**Ziggy Marley and the Melody Makers** was a group of musicians. They were making music from the 1980s decade to 2002. Starting in 1996, they started singing the theme song for the TV show for children, Arthur.
Circular orbit

In astronomy, a **circular orbit** refers to an object (such as a planet or a star) which orbits around a central body in a fixed, circular motion. This motion follows Kepler's Laws. A circular orbit occurs when the eccentricity of its orbit is equal to 0.

Objects with a circular orbit are uncommon. The Moon moves in an elliptical orbit around the Earth, and the planets move in an elliptical orbit around the Sun.

Other types of motion in astronomy include elliptical orbit, parabolic trajectory, and hyperbolic trajectory.
Elliptical orbit

In astronomy, an **elliptical orbit** refers to an object (such as a planet or star) which orbits around a central body in an elliptical motion. This motion follows Kepler's Laws. An elliptical orbit occurs when the eccentricity of its orbit is greater than 0, and less than 1.

The Moon moves around the Earth in an elliptical orbit, and the planets move around the Sun in an elliptical orbit.

Other types of motion in astronomy include circular orbit, parabolic trajectory, and hyperbolic trajectory.
Parabolic trajectory

In astronomy, a **parabolic trajectory** (also known as parabolic orbit or parabolic escape trajectory) refers to an object (such as an asteroid) which follows a path similar to a parabola around another object. This motion follows Kepler's Laws. A parabolic trajectory occurs when the eccentricity of its orbit is equal to 1.

Other types of motion in astronomy include circular orbit, elliptical orbit, and hyperbolic trajectory.
Ekalaka, Montana

**Ekalaka** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Carter County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 399 people.

Known for its sandstone rock and open plains, Ekalaka is part of the Montana Dinosaur Trail. It is home to the Carter County Museum, which is known for its dinosaur collection. Nearby is the Custer National Forest.
Fort Benton, Montana

**Fort Benton** is a city in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Chouteau County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 1,449 people.

Established in 1846, Fort Benton is the oldest settlement in Montana. The Missouri River flows along the town.
Jordan, Montana

**Jordan** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Garfield County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 356 people.

A post office was opened in Jordan on July 11, 1899. Jordan was incorporated as a town in 1951.
Ryegate, Montana

**Ryegate** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Golden Valley County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 223 people.

Ryegate is on the north bank of the Musselshell River.
Stanford, Montana

**Stanford** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Judith Basin County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 403 people.
Chester, Montana

**Chester** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Liberty County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 847 people.
Circle, Montana

**Circle** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of McCone County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 591 people.
Superior, Montana

**Superior** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Mineral County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 830 people.

Superior is within the Bitterroot Range of mountains. The Clark Fork flows through downtown.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Superior, Montana
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: Mineral_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Superior_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Superior, Montana
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Montana
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Montana, County
- **subdivision name2**: Mineral County, Montana, Mineral
- **established date**: 1871
- **area total sq mi**: 1.07
- **area land sq mi**: 0.95
- **area water sq mi**: 0.12
- **area total km2**: 2.77
- **area land km2**: 2.47
- **area water km2**: 0.30
- **elevation ft**: 2720
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 830
- **population density km2**: 335.59
- **population density sq mi**: 869.11
- **timezone**: Mountain Time Zone, Mountain (MST)
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 59872
- **area code**: Area code 406, 406
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 30-72625
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2413356
- **website**: https://townofsuperiormontana.org/
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Winnett, Montana

**Winnett** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Petroleum County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 188 people.
Broadus, Montana

**Broadus** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Powder River County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 456 people.

The Broadus post office was created in 1900. Broadus became the county seat in 1920.
Terry, Montana

**Terry** is a town in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Prairie County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 562 people.

The town was incorporated in 1910.
Thompson Falls, Montana

**Thompson Falls** is a city in Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Sanders County. As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 1,336 people.

Thompson Falls was named after British explorer, geographer and fur trader David Thompson. He founded a North West Company fur trading post. The town is next to natural waterfalls on the Clark Fork river.

Thompson Falls was established in 1910.