juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Pierre Bergé

**Pierre Bergé**  (; 14 November 1930 – 8 September 2017) was a French industrialist and patron. He was the co-founder of Yves Saint Laurent Couture House and onetime life partner and longtime business partner of the late fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent.

Bergé was recognized with the Order of Orange-Nassau, Officer of the Ordre National du Mérite, Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres, and Legion of Honor.

Bergé died of myopathy on 8 September 2017, in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, at the age of 86.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Pierre Bergé
- **image**: Pierre Bergé - septembre 2012 (2).jpg
- **caption**: Bergé in 2012
- **birth place**: Oléron, France
- **death place**: Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône, France
- **nationality**: French
- **partner**: Yves Saint Laurent (designer), Yves Saint Laurent
- **occupation**: Businessman
United States National Health Care Act

The **United States National Health Care Act,** or the **Expanded and Improved Medicare for All Act** () is a bill introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Representative John Conyers (D-MI). The bill had 49 cosponsors in 2015. As of August 12, 2017, it had 116 cosponsors, which amounts to a majority of the Democratic caucus in the House of Representatives and is the highest level of support the bill has ever received since Conyers began annually introducing the bill in 2003.

The act would create a universal single-payer health care system in the United States, the rough equivalent of Canada's Medicare and Taiwan's Bureau of National Health Insurance, among other examples. Under a single-payer system, most medical care would be paid for by the Government of the United States, ending the need for private health insurance and premiums, and probably recasting private insurance companies as providing purely supplemental coverage, to be used when non-essential care is sought.

The bill was first introduced in 2003, when it had 25 cosponsors, and has been reintroduced in each Congress since. During the 2009 health care debates over the bill that became the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, H.R. 676 was expected to be debated and voted upon by the House in September 2009, but was never debated.

The bill was introduced again recently by Rep. Conyers in the House of Representatives. Senator Bernie Sanders has said that he intends to introduce a parallel bill in the United States Senate in the future.
Energy policy

Energy policy means the way of usage and conservation of energy and the means to conserve it. Energy has bought immense changes in human life. Thus energy conservation is gaining much momentum.

## Related pages

- Carbon neutrality
- Energy security
Blake Heron

**Blake Heron** (January 11, 1982 – September 8, 2017) was an American actor. He starred as Marty Preston in the 1996 movie _Shiloh_. He was born in Sherman Oaks, California. He also appeared in _Cheaters_, _Boston Public_ (2000), _Family Law_ (1999) and _The Guardian_, he took on the role of Specialist Galen Bungum in _We Were Soldiers_ (2002).  He also appeared in _Dandelion_ (2004).

Heron was found dead at his apartment by his girlfriend in Los Angeles, California on September 8, 2017, aged 35. In the days before his death, he was recovering from his heroin addiction and suffered from the flu.
Toshi Ichiyanagi

was a Japanese composer of avant-garde music.

Ichiyanagi was born in Kobe, Japan.

One of his best known works is the 1960 composition _Kaiki_, which combined Japanese instruments, _shō_ and koto, and western instruments, harmonica and saxophone.

Another work, _Distance_ (1961), required the performers to play from a distance of three meters from their instruments. _Anima 7_ (1964) stated that chosen action should be performed "as slowly as possible".

Ichiyanagi was married to Yoko Ono from 1956 to 1963.

Ichiyanagi won the 33rd Suntory Music Award (2001). He has been honored with Japan's Order of Culture.
Ichiyanagi died on 7 October 2022, at the age of 89.

## Other websites

- Julian Cope's Japrocksampler entry on Toshi Ichiyanagi

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Toshi Ichiyanagi
- **image**: Toshi Ichiyanagi.jpg
- **birth place**: Kobe, Empire of Japan
- **nationality**: Japanese
- **occupation**: Composer
Pianist
- **years active**: 1954–2008
- **notable works**: Kaika
Michael Moriarty

**Michael Moriarty** (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and a jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award, a Tony Award and Golden Globe Award. He is known for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series _Holocaust_.

Moriarty played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show _Law & Order._ Moriarty is also known for his roles in movies such as _Bang the Drum Slowly_, _Who'll Stop the Rain_, _Q: The Winged Serpent_, _The Stuff_, _Pale Rider_, _Troll_, _Courage Under Fire_, and _Shiloh_.

## Other websites

- Michael Moriarty  at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
- Yahoo Movies: Michael Moriarty
- Michael Moriarty UUU fan site (via archive.org): includes semi-regular blog posts by Moriarty
- Michael Moriarty (Aveleyman)

## Infobox (person)

- **birth place**: Detroit, Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, United States, U.S.
- **spouse**: Suzana Cabrita (1998–1999; divorced)
Anne Hamilton Martin (1978–1997; divorced)
Francoise Martinet (1966–1978; divorced)
Margaret Brychka (?–present)
- **occupation**: Actor, musician
- **alma mater**: Dartmouth College
London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art
- **years active**: 1971–present
Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh

**Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh** (; 20 August 1930 – 25 June 2024) was an Irish Gaelic games commentator for the Irish national radio and television, Raidió Teilifís.

In a career that has lasted 60 years, he has come to be regarded as the "voice of Gaelic games." His prolific career has earned him a place in _Guinness World Records_.

Ó Muircheartaigh died at a hospital in Dublin, Ireland at the age of 93 on 25 June 2024.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh
- **image**: Micheál Ó Muircheartaigh in Villa Maria, Waterville. 2012.JPG
- **caption**: Micheál Ó Muircheartaigh in Villa Maria, Waterville, 2012
- **birth place**: Dingle, Ireland
- **death place**: Dublin, Ireland
- **employer**: Raidió Teilifís Éireann, RTÉ
- **occupation**: Gaelic games Sportscaster, commentator
- **predecessor**: Michael O'Hehir
- **alma mater**: St Patrick's College, Dublin, St Patrick's College of Education
Trump: The Art of the Deal

***Trump: The Art of the Deal*** is a 1987 book credited to businessman Donald Trump and journalist Tony Schwartz. Part memoir and part business-advice book. It was the first book published by Trump, Trump said that the book helped to make him a "household name".

It reached number 1 on _The New York Times_ Best Seller list, stayed there for 13 weeks, and altogether held a position on the list for 48 weeks.

The book received additional attention during Trump's 2016 campaign for the presidency of the United States. He said it as one of his proudest accomplishments and his second-favorite book after the Bible.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: The Art of the Deal
- **author**: Donald Trump
Tony Schwartz (author), Tony Schwartz
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **genre**: Business
- **publisher**: Random House
- **release date**: November 1, 1987
- **media type**: Print (hardcover and paperback)
- **pages**: 372
- **isbn**: 978-0446353250
- **followed by**: Trump: Surviving at the Top (1990)
Megaflora

**Megaflora** (from Greek μέγας _megas_ "huge" and Latin _Flōra_ goddess of flowers, from _flōs_ "flower") is the collective name of extremely large plant species. Examples of megaflora include the sequoias of California and a number of extinct plant species from the Mesozoic.
Luna Shamsuddoha

**Luna Shamsuddoha** (4 October – 17 February 2021) was a Bangladeshi Women Entrepreneur. She was the Chairman of the software firm Dohatec New Media, in Dhaka Bangladesh, which she founded in 1992. She was the first woman to head any state-owned bank in Bangladesh. She is the founder President of Bangladesh Women in Technology (BWIT). She has got ‘Bangladesh Business Award-2017’ for her exceptional contribution to the country’s economy and honored with `Annona Best 10 award' for her remarkable execution in local software industry as a women entrepreneur  She serves as board member of SME Foundation, Independent University Bangladesh (IUB), Director of state-owned Janata Bank Limited. She has joined as chairman of the state-owned Janata Bank Limited.

## Early life and education

Shamsuddoha was born to Lutfar Rahman and Hasina Rahman on 4 October in Dhaka. She got her Secondary School certificate from Viqarunnisa Noon School and College and Higher Secondary School certificate from Holy Cross College. She has a master's degree in International Relations (IR) from University of Dhaka.

## Career

She began business in 1985 as the Managing Partner of The Executive Center. Prior to that, she functioned as English Language Teacher at British Council Language Resource Center and as Lecturer, English Language, Institute of Modern Languages, Dhaka University. Her company is an Independent Software Vendor (ISV) and System Integrator. Dohatec provides software solutions to institutions, government agencies and corporations in USA, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, and Bangladesh. Dohatec’s key clients are The World Bank, World Health Organisation, US Postal Service, Government of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Army.

## Personal life

Shamsuddoha was married to A. K. M. Shamsuddoha, a businessman in Dhaka. The couple had a daughter Reem Shamsuddoha.

Shamsuddoha died on 17 February 2021 in Dhaka.

## Awards

- Bangladesh Business Award, 2017
- Honorary Special Recognition Award by Global Women Inventors & Innovators Network (GWIIN), 2013

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Luna Shamsuddoha
- **native name**: লুনা শামসুদ্দোহা
- **native name lang**: bn
- **image**: Luna Shamsuddoha (4) (cropped).jpg
- **birth date**: 4 October
- **birth place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **death date**: 17 February 2021
- **death place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **nationality**: Bangladeshi
- **education**: Masters in International Relations
- **alma mater**: University of Dhaka
- **occupation**: IT entrepreneur, Business Leader
- **title**: Chairman of Dohatec New Media
- **boards**: Independent University Bangladesh, Janata Bank Limited, SME Foundation
- **spouse**: A. K. M. Shamsuddoha
- **awards**: Bangladesh Business Award, (2017)
University of Dhaka

The **University of Dhaka** (ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), also known as **Dhaka University** or simply **DU**), is the oldest university in modern Bangladesh. It was created in 1921 during the British Raj. It is important to the modern history of Bangladesh. After the Partition of India, the university was important to the progressive and democratic movements in Pakistan. Its students and teachers played a central role in the rise of Bengali nationalism and the independence of Bangladesh.

Today, it is the largest public university in Bangladesh, with a student body of 33,000 and a faculty of 1,800.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: University of Dhaka
- **native name**: ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়
- **caption**: Logo of the University of Dhaka
- **motto**: সত্যের জয় সুনিশ্চিত
- **motto lang**: bn
- **mottoeng**: _Truth Shall Prevail_
- **type**: Public university, Public
- **chancellor**: Abdul Hamid (politician), Abdul Hamid
- **vice chancellor**: Mohammad Akhtaruzzaman <small>(acting)</small>
- **academic staff**: 2,156
- **administrative staff**: 3,887
- **students**: 30,015
- **undergrad**: 23,620
- **postgrad**: 5,362
- **doctoral**: 764
- **other**: 269
- **city**: Dhaka
- **country**: Bangladesh
- **campus**: urban area, Urban,
- **website**: [http://www.du.ac.bd/ www.du.ac.bd]; [http://www.univdhaka.edu/ www.univdhaka.edu]
- **logo size**: 248px
Heiteren

**Heiteren** is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Heiteren
- **native name**: Haitre
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville d'Heiteren (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Colmar-Ribeauvillé
- **canton**: Ensisheim
- **insee**: 68130
- **postal code**: 68600
- **mayor**: Dominique Schmitt
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **elevation m**: 200
- **elevation min m**: 196
- **elevation max m**: 209
- **area km2**: 22.4
- **population**: 890
- **population date**: 2006
Chingleput District (Madras Presidency)

**Chingleput district** was a district in the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Kanchipuram and Tiruvallur and parts of Chennai city. It was sub-divided into six taluks with a total area of 7,970 square kilometres (3,079 sq mi).

The first capital was the town of Karunguzhi, with an interruption between 1825 and 1835, administrative headquarters were transferred to Kanchipuram. In 1859 the region of Saidapet, now a neighbourhood in the city of Chennai, was made the administrative headquarters of the district.

## History

Excavations made by Robert Bruce Foote indicate that the region was inhabited in the Stone age. During the end of first millennium B. C, it was under the Thondaiman kings. The Pallavas with their capital at Kanchi came to power in about 500 A. D. When the Pallava kingdom began to decline, the region was conquered by the Western Gangas in about 760 A. D. Chingleput was ruled by the Rashtrakutas, Cholas and the Kakatiyas of Warangal until the 13th century AD when it fell to the Delhi Sultanate. Chingleput area was conquered by the Vijayanagar Empire which ruled the region from 1393 till 1565 and from 1565 till 1640 as the kingdom of Chandragiri.

The area was annexed by the Mughals in 1687 and was later conquered by the Nawab of the Carnatic. In 1763, Chingleput was ceded to the British East India Company by Mohammad Ali, the then Nawab of the Carnatic. It was the site of the Carnatic Wars and was frequently taken by Tipu Sultan during the last years of the 18th century.After the independence of India, the district became part in 1950 of the newly named Madras State. As a result of the 1956 States Reorganisation Act, the state's boundaries were re-organised following linguistic lines.

## Population

As of 1901, Chingleput had a total population of 1,312,222. 96 percent of the population were Hindus while the rest where Christians and Muslims. About three-fourths of the people spoke Tamil as their mother tongue the remainder spoke Telugu. Due to its proximity to Madras city, there were also large numbers of Europeans in the district.
Coimbatore District (Madras Presidency)

**Coimbatore district** was one of the districts of the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the areas of the present-day districts of Coimbatore, Erode and Tirupur and the Kollegal taluk of present-day Karnataka. It covered a total area of 20,400 square kilometres (7,860 sq mi) and was sub-divided into 10 taluks. The administrative headquarters was Coimbatore city. Most of Coimbatore's inhabitants were Tamil-speaking but there were also large numbers of Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada speaking people.

## History

Coimbatore was a part of the ancient Chera kingdom during the Sangam Age. After the Chera kingdom fell, the region was ruled by the Western Gangas and the Hoysalas. Coimbatore came under Muslim rule in the 13th century AD and was a province of the Vijayanagar Empire. After the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire, Coimbatore was ruled by the Madurai Nayaks till 17th century. A series of wars between the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Mysore of Madurai Nayak dynasty resulted in the region coming under the control of Mysore kings till the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Third Mysore War in 1792, Coimbatore became a part of British India.
The district was founded in 1805. In 1868 Nilgiri District was segregated. The Avinashi taluk was formed when Karur was separated from the district and merged with Trichinopoly District. In 1927 and 1929 other readjustments were made. In 1956 the Kollegal taluk was transferred to Mysore State.
Madura District (Madras Presidency)

**Madura District** was one of the districts of the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the present-day districts of Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Ramanathapuram, Sivagangai and parts of Virudhunagar District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

## History

Madura district was the centre of the Pandya kingdom and its capital city of Madurai was flourishing ever since the Sangam period. In the 10th century AD, the region was conquered by the rising Chola power. The Pandyas governed as subordinate from the 10th to the 13th century AD when they asserted their independence and established their supremacy over the declining Cholas. After a short and progressive rule, the Pandyas were defeated by the Delhi Sultanate whose ruled Alauddin Khilji sacked Madura. The region was ruled by the Madurai Sultanate for some time before it was conquered by the Vijayanagar Empire. The Vijayanagar kings were succeeded by the Madurai Nayak kingdom whose demise in 1736 left behind a huge void. After a short period of anarchy, Madura was conquered by the British East India Company and the district of Madura was carved out.

## Taluks

Madura district was sub-divided into 15 taluks, including 5 zamindari taluks of Ramnad estate and 3 zamindari taluks of Sivaganga estate.
Gyposaurus

***Gyposaurus*** (meaning "vulture lizard", referring to the outdated hypothesis that prosauropods were carnivores) is a genus of prosauropod from the early Jurassic of South Africa and China. It is usually considered to represent juveniles of other prosauropods, but "G." _sinensis_ is regarded as a possibly valid species.
Ibadan

**Ibadan** is the capital of Oyo State, Nigeria. There are over 3 million people living in Ibadan which makes it the most populous city in Oyo state. It is the third most populous city in Nigeria, after Lagos and Kano. It is the largest city in the country by land size.

Ibadan is located in south-western Nigeria. Ibadan was the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of the British colonial rule, and parts of the city's ancient protective walls still stand to this day. The major inhabitants of the city are Yoruba, as well as various communities from other parts of the country.

## Geography

Ibadan is in southwestern Nigeria, in the southeastern part of Oyo State. It is about 119 kilometers (74 miles) northeast of Lagos and 120 kilometers (75 miles) east of Nigeria's border with the Republic of Benin. The city is within the tropical forest zone but is near the edge of the forest and savanna. Its elevation ranges from 150 meters in the valleys to 275 meters on the main north-south ridge in the city center. Ibadan covers an area of 3,080 square kilometers (1,190 square miles), making it the largest city in Nigeria by land area.

The city of Ibadan is has five natural main rivers with several smaller streams. The Ona River is in the north and west, while the Ogbere River is towards the east. The Ogunpa River flows through the city, and the Kudeti River is in the central part of the city. The Ogunpa River is a third-order stream, 12.76 km long, with a catchment area of 54.92 square kilometers. Lake Eleyele is in the northwest of Ibadan. To the east, the Osun River and Asejire Lake mark the city's boundary between Ibadan and Osun, while the fifth river, known as the Odo-Ogun River, forms a boundary between Ibadan and nearby towns such as Iseyin, Eruwa, and parts of Lagos, and Ogun states.
Citipati

***Citipati*** (pronounced  in Hindi, meaning 'funeral pyre lord') is a genus of oviraptorid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now Mongolia.

The type species, _Citipati osmolskae_, was described in 2001. A second, as yet unnamed species may also exist. _Citipati_ is often confused with the similar _Oviraptor_
Zapalasaurus

***Zapalasaurus*** is a genus of dinosaur named after the city of Zapala. The type species, _Zapalasaurus bonapartei_, was found in Neuquén Province, Argentina. It was a diplodocoid, a long-necked herbivore, and it lived during the Early Cretaceous.
Limaysaurus

***Limaysaurus*** is a herbivorous rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from Argentina.
Telmatosaurus

***Telmatosaurus*** (meaning "marsh lizard") is a genus of basal hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. It was about five meters (16 ft) long. It was found in what is now Romania.
Dakotaraptor

***Dakotaraptor*** is a genus of large carnivorous theropod dromaeosaurid dinosaur. It lived in the Late Cretaceous of North America.

### Size

_Dakotaraptor_ was about  long. That makes it one of the largest dromaeosaurids known.
Latenivenatrix

***Latenivenatrix*** (meaning "hiding hunter") is a genus of troodontid. It was previously identified as _Troodon_.

_Latenivenatrix_ has an estimated skull length of  and a size . This makes it the largest troodontid known.
Guarinisuchus

***Guarinisuchus*** is an extinct genus of crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleocene periods, 66-62 million years ago of the María Farinha Formation, Brazil. It was a dominant predator in its environment, and reached a length of 3 m (10 ft). _Guarinisuchus_ appears to be closely related to marine crocodylomorphs found in Africa, which supports the hypothesis that the group originated in Africa and migrated to South America before spreading into the waters off the North American coast.
Tangvayosaurus

***Tangvayosaurus*** (meaning "Tang Vay lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Aptian-Albian age Lower Cretaceous Grès Supérior Formation of Savannakhet, Laos. It was a basal titanosaur, about 15 m long, and is known from the remains of two or three individuals.

## Material

It is based on TV4-1 to TV4-36, consisting of a partial pelvis, several back vertebrae and a tail vertebra, ribs, and an upper arm bone (humerus).
Filippo Reef

**Filippo Reef** is a coral reef in the Pacific Ocean. It is located at ,  east of Starbuck Island in the Line Islands. The reef was reported by the master of the Italian barque _Filippo_ who saw it on 28 June 1886. From  an unidentified report of  breakers dated 1926, it was estimated to have a water depth of only , and appeared to be about  long northwest to southeast, and less in width.

The only sighting referenced shows a date of 1926. The topographic data supplied by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), however, shows a sea depth of . It is therefore likely that this 1926 report is an error, and that Filippo Reef is a phantom island. Maps showing the reef rely on the report of 1926, and  are likely in error.

Nevertheless, it is marked in the 2005 edition of the _National Geographic Atlas of the World_.
FC Schaffhausen

**FC Schaffhausen** is a football club which plays in Switzerland.

## Honours

- **Swiss Cup: Runners-up**
    - 1988, 1994
- **Challenge League: 1st**
    - 2004
- **Swiss Super League: 8th**
    - 2006

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: FC Schaffhausen
- **image**: Fc Schaffhausen.svg
- **fullname**: FC Schaffhausen
- **nickname**: FCS
- **founded**: 1896
- **ground**: Stadion Breite,
 Schaffhausen
- **capacity**: 7,300
- **chairman**: Aniello Fontana
- **manager**: Murat Yakin
- **league**: Swiss Challenge League
- **season**: 2022–23
- **position**: 7th
- **pattern la1**: _
- **pattern b1**: _aachen1112h
- **leftarm1**: fEE100
- **body1**: ffff00 arm1= fEE100
- **shorts1**: 000000
- **socks1**: 000000
- **pattern b2**: _aachen1112a
- **leftarm2**: ffffff
- **body2**: ffffffarm2=ffffff
- **shorts2**: ffffff
- **socks2**: ffffff
Wood fuel

**Wood fuel** is a type of energy that is burnt down to create energy, such as heat or light.
Klosters-Serneus

**Klosters-Serneus** is a ski resort and municipality of the district Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

It is a popular ski location and the slopes are easily accessible via a large cable car.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Klosters-Serneus
- **image photo**: Klosters Dorf.jpg
- **image caption**: Klosters Dorf
- **municipality name**: Klosters-Serneus
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Klosters-Serneus COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Klosters-Serneus.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Prättigau/Davos (district), Prättigau/Davos
- **postal code**: 7250 Klosters-Platz
7252 Klosters-Dorf
7249 Serneus
- **municipality code**: 3871
- **area**: 193.16
- **elevation**: 1200
- **population**: 3808
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.klosters-serneus.ch
- **mayor**: Rudolf Hübscher
- **neighboring municipalities**: Conters im Prättigau, Davos, Gaschurn (AT-8), Langwies, Lavin, Saas im Prättigau, Sankt Gallenkirch (AT-8), Susch
Küblis

**Küblis** is a municipality in the district of Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Küblis
- **municipality name**: Küblis
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Küblis COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Küblis.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Davos (district), Davos
- **postal code**: 7240
- **municipality code**: 3882
- **area**: 8.14
- **elevation**: 814
- **population**: 814
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: Dec 2015
- **website**: www.kueblis.ch
- **mayor**: Urs Zweifel
- **neighboring municipalities**: Conters im Prättigau, Fideris, Luzein, Saas im Prättigau, St. Antönien
Drôme (river)

The **Drôme** () is a river in southeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Rhône river. It gives its name to the French department of Drôme.

## Geography

The Drôme river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Saillans in the Drôme department.

**Average monthly discharge (m<sup>3</sup>/s) at Saillans (108 years)**

### Course

The Drôme starts in the _Col de Carabès_, in the western foothills of the Alps, in the _commune_ of La Bâtie-des-Fonds, (Drôme department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Drôme flows first to the northwest and then to the west.

The Drôme river flows within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, 2 departments and 37 _communes_. It flows through the following _communes_, among others:
- Drôme : Valdrôme, Luc-en-Diois, Die, Saillans, Allex, Crest, Loriol-sur-Drôme, Livron-sur-Drôme
- Ardèche : Le Pouzin (at its confluence)

Finally, it flows into the Rhône river in the _commune_ of Loriol-sur-Drôme, on the border with the Ardèche department.

## Main tributaries

The main tributaries of the Drôme river are:

**Left tributaries**:
- Roanne - 33.9 km

**Right tributaries**:
- Bez - 25.4 km
- Gervanne - 29.9 km

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Drôme
- **image**: Drôme.jpg
- **map**: Drôme.png
- **source1 location**: French Prealps
- **mouth location**: Rhône
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Air Transat

**Air Transat** is a Canadian leisure airline based in Montreal, Quebec. It was founded in December 1986. In 2016 there were about 2,500 employees.

## Other websites

- airtransat.com
Selima Ahmad

**Selima Ahmed** (born 7 July 1960) is a Bangladeshi politician and businesswoman. She is the Vice Chairperson of Nitol-Niloy Group and started and is the President of the Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI). She is part of the board of Janata Bank Limited. She was a board member of Sonali Bank Limited, but is not any more. In 2014 she won the Oslo Business for Peace Award for her work in Business.  She is a Global Ambassador of The International Alliance for Women (TIAW) and also a Course Teacher of MBA class in University of Dhaka.

## Early life and education

Ahmed earned her graduation and Masters in Business Management from Dhaka University and did short courses from USA, Japan, Denmark and Canada. She is a fellow of Stanford University. She has been working to help businesses for over 28 years and has helped many women entrepreneurs.

## Career

Ahmad, is Vice Chairperson of the Nitol-Niloy Group. She is the Key person of the Bangladesh chapter of Women Democracy Network. She is a member of the Civil Society Advisory Group of UN Women. She also holds positions in different committees of various national and international organizations.

## Personal life

Ahmad is married to Abdul Matlub Ahmad, a Business Leader and former President of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce & Industries (FBCCI).

## Awards

- Oslo Business for Peace Award, 2014
- Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Award by International Republican Institute, USA, 2013
- Priyadarshini Award by Federation of Indian Women Entrepreneurs(FIWE), 2012
- Women’s Contribution to Development by The Islamic Development Bank(IDB), 2012
- TIAW World of Difference 100 Award by The International Alliance for Women, Canada, 2010
- Special Prize for Women entrepreneurs by Dhaka International Trade Fair (DITF), 2010
- Women Entrepreneur Appreciation Award by Karachi Chamber of Commerce, 2009
- Business Express Award Women Entrepreneurs by Business Express, 2009
- Female Business Personality of the Year-2008 by Bangladesh Cultural Reporters Association, 2008
- Cultural Reporter’s Award: 2007
- Best Business Woman by Financial Weekly Magazine, 2000, 2002, 2003

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Selima Ahmad
- **native name**: সেলিমা আহমাদ
- **native name lang**: bn
- **office1**: Jatiya Sangsad member from Comilla-2
- **term start1**: 2018
- **predecessor1**: Mohammed Amir Hossain
- **birth place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **residence**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **nationality**: Bangladeshi
- **education**: Masters in Business Management
- **alma mater**: University of Dhaka
- **occupation**: Businessperson
- **spouse**: Abdul Matlub Ahmad
- **parents**: A K M Fazlul Huq (father) and Rahima Huq (mother)
- **awards**: Oslo Business for Peace Award (2014), Best Business Woman (2000, 2002, 2003)
Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar

**Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar** OBE FAcSS (; 21 May 1944 – 12 May 2022) was a British professor and a life peer in the House of Lords. She was a prominent Muslim feminist, and characterises herself as a Socialist and a Shi'a Muslim.  Her background is in equal opportunities in Britain, and before that, land reform and development in Iran, where she grew up, and journalism in both countries.

Afshar died on 12 May 2022 at the age of 77.

## Infobox (religious biography)

- **embed**: yes
- **religion**: Shi'a Islam


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Baroness Afshar
- **image**: File:Official portrait of Baroness Afshar crop 2.jpg
- **office2**: Member of the House of Lords
Lords Temporal, Lord Temporal
- **term start2**: 13 December 2007
- **term end2**: 12 May 2022
Life peer, Life Peerage
- **birth place**: Tehran, Pahlavi Iran, Iran
- **nationality**: British
- **children**: 2
- **alma mater**: University of York
Murray Edwards College, Cambridge
Ramnad estate

The estate of Ramnad was a permanently settled zamindari estate that existed in the Ramnad subdivision of the Madura district and later Ramnad district of the Madras Presidency in British India from 1801 to 1949.

The seat of administration was the town of Ramanathapuram. The Zamindari had its origins in the Kingdom of Ramnad established by Raghunatha Kilavan in the late 17th century. In 1803, the Kingdom was converted to a Zamindari by the British. The male rulers of Ramnathapuram also bore the title of Sethupathi or "protector of the bridge", the bridge here referring to the legendary Rama's Bridge while female rulers bore the title "Nachiyar".

## Details

The estate covered an area of 2,104 square miles (5,450 km2) and had a population of 723,886 in 1901. It was one of the largest and most populous zamindari estates in the Madras Presidency. The zamindar of Ramnad paid a tribute of Rs. 3.75 lakhs for the year 1903-04 to the British government.

### Chieftains under the Madurai Nayak

- Sadaikka Thevar Sethupathi (1590-1621)
- Kootan Sethupathi (1621-1637)
- Dalavai Sethupathi (1637-1659)
- Raghunatha Sethupathi (1659-1670

### Independent kings

- Raghunatha Kilavan (1670–1708)
- Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi I (1708–1723)
- Sundaresvara Raghunatha Sethupathi (1723 -1728)
- Kumara Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi (1728-1734)
- Muthukumara Raghunatha Sethupathi (1734-1747)
- Rakka Thevar (1747-1748)
- Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi II (1748-1760)
- Muthuramalinga Sethupathi I (1760-1794)

### Ruler of princely state under the paramountcy of the British Raj

Mangaleswari Nachiyar (1795-1803)

### Zamindars

- Mangaleswari Nachiyar (1803-1807)
- Annaswami Sethupathi (1807-1820)
- Ramaswami Sethupathi (1820-1830)
- Muthu Chella Thevar Sethupathi (1830-1846)
- Parvatha Vardhani Ammal Nachchiyar (1846–1862)
- Muthuramalinga Sethupathi II (1862–1873)
- Court of Wards (1873–1889)
- Bhaskara Sethupathy (1889–1903)
- Dinakara Sethupathy
- Raja Rajeswara Sethupathi (1903–1929)
- Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi (1929–1967)
- Ramanatha Sethupathi (1967–1979)
- Rajeswari Nachiyar (1979-)
Alina Janowska

**Alina Maria Janowska-Zabłocka** (16 April 1923 – 13 November 2017) was a Polish actress. She was known for her roles in  _Zakazane piosenki_ and in _Samson_ (by Andrzej Wajda). From 1970 to 1974, she starred in the comedy series _Czterdziestolatek_.

## Biography

Janowska was born in 1923 in Warsaw, Poland. She came from a wealthy family. She was arrested on the night of 23 April 1942 for helping a Jewish family. She was imprisoned for 7 months in Pawiak in Warsaw. She was a member of the Warsaw Uprising.

In 1963, she married fencer Wojciech Zabłocki.

Janowska died on 13 November 2017 in Warsaw from Alzheimer's disease, aged 94.
Justice Party (India)

The **Justice Party**, officially the **South Indian Liberal Federation**, was a political party in the Madras Presidencyof British India. It was established in 1916 by T. M. Nair P. Theagarayar ,Alamelu Mangai ,Dr.C.Natesanar as a result of a series of non-Brahmins conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and too much Brahminical representation in government jobs.

## Elections conducted and aftermath

In 1920, it won the first direct elections in the presidency and formed the government. For the next seventeen years, it formed four out of the five ministries and was in power for thirteen years. It was the main political alternative to the nationalist Indian National Congress in Madras. After it lost to the Congress in the 1937 election, it never recovered. It came under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy and his Self-Respect Movement. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice Party into the social organisation Dravidar Kazhagam and withdrew it from electoral politics. A rebel faction that called itself the original Justice Party, contested one final election, in 1952.

## Ideology

The Justice Party was isolated in Indian politics by its many controversial activities. It opposed Brahmins in civil service and politics, and this anti-Brahmin attitude shaped many of its ideas and policies. It opposed Annie Besant and her Home rule movement, because it believed home rule would benefit the Brahmins. The party campaigned against the non-cooperation movement in the presidency. It disagreed with M. K. Gandhi, primarily due to his praise for Brahminism. Its mistrust of the Brahmin–dominated Congress led it to be hostile toward the Indian independence movement. Although it professed to represent all non-Brahmins, the Justice Party eventually lost the support of Muslims and Untouchables, who accused it of serving the interests of only a few castes like Vellalars (Mudaliars, Pillais), Balija Naidus, Beri Chettis, Kapus and Kammas.

The Justice Party's power period is remembered for the introduction of caste-based reservations, and educational and religious reform. In opposition it is remembered for participating in the anti-Hindi agitations of 1937–40. The party was responsible for creating Andhra and Annamalai universities and for developing the area around present-day Theagaroya Nagar in Madras city.
B. V. Radha

**Bengaluru Vijaya Radha** (August 1948 – 10 September 2017) was an Indian actress and movie producer. Starting her career in the 1964 movie  **Navakoti Narayana**. She went on to play mostly supporting roles in over 300 movie, 250 of which were in Kannada, and the rest in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Tulu and Hindi. She was born in Bangalore, Mysore State, India.

## Early Life

Vijaya Radha was born in August 1948 in Bangalore, which was then part of the Mysore State, now in Karnataka, India. From a young age, she had an interest in acting and performing.

## Career

Vijaya Radha started her film career in 1964 with the movie Navakoti Narayana. Over the years, she acted in more than 300 movies. Out of these, around 250 movies were in the Kannada language. She often played supporting roles and her performances were appreciated by audiences and critics.

She worked with many famous actors and directors in the South Indian film industry. Her roles were known for their emotional depth and strong screen presence. She was also involved in movie production and contributed to the industry behind the scenes.

## Death

Radha died of a heart attack on 10 September 2017 in Bangalore at the age of 69.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: B. V. Radha
- **birth name**: Rajalakshmi
- **birth date**: August 1948
- **birth place**: Bangalore, Mysore State, India
- **death place**: Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- **nationality**: Indian
- **occupation**: Actress, Movie Producer
- **years active**: 1964–2017
- **known for**: Supporting roles in Kannada cinema
- **notable works**: _Navakoti Narayana_ (1964 debut)
Nancy Dupree

**Nancy Hatch Dupree** (; October 3, 1927 – September 10, 2017) was an American-Afghan historian whose work primarily focused on the history of modern Afghanistan.

Dupree went to Barnard College and Columbia University to study Chinese.

Dupree was the director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University in Afghanistan and author of five books that she compiled while studying the history of Afghanistan from 1962 until the late 1970s.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nancy Dupree
- **image**: Dupree close up.jpg
- **birth place**: Kerala, India
- **death place**: Kabul, Afghanistan
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Academic administration, Administrator
- **title**: Director of the _Afghanistan Center_ at Kabul University
- **successor**: Position vacant
Michael Friedman (composer)

**Michael Friedman** (September 24, 1975 – September 9, 2017) was an American composer and lyricist. He was a founding associate artist of The Civilians. He received a 2007 Obie award for excellence.  His musical _Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson_ opened on Broadway in October 2010. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, but was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Friedman was openly gay.

Friedman died on September 9, 2017 in Manhattan, New York from complications of AIDS at the age of 41.

## Other websites

- https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/01/arts/music/01friedman.html
- http://newyork.timeout.com/articles/theater/28431/musical-theater-report-the-anthropologist
Frank Aarebrot

**Frank Henrik Aarebrot** (19 January 1947 – 9 September 2017) was a Norwegian political scientist. He was born in Bergen, Norway. He was professor of comparative politics at the University of Bergen and adjunct professor of democracy development at the Örebro University. He regularly lectured at Institut des Sciences Politiques and at the Humboldt University. Aarebrot has written 69 books on the democratisation of Europe, following the fall of the Berlin Wall. In Norway, Aarebrot was known as a political commentator.

Aarebrot died in Bergen from heart surgery-related problems for a heart attack he suffered on 9 September 2017 at the age of 70.
Solomon Efimovich Shulman

**Solomon Efimovich Shulman** (January 20, 1936 – September 6, 2017), also known as **Sol Shulman** and **Semion Shulman**, was a Belarusian author, screenwriter, movie director and adventurer. He was the writer of more than forty documentary movies, five feature movie scripts, plus a host of literary and publicist works, published in many countries worldwide. His best known book was _Power and Destiny_. His movies include _In Broad Daylight_, _On the Slopes of Elbruce_ and _In Ancient Khiv_.

Shulman died on September 6, 2017 in Melbourne, Australia of heart failure, aged 81.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Solomon Efimovich Shulman
- **image**: Sol Shulman - MIBF 2011.jpg
- **caption**: Sol Shulman, 2011
- **birth place**: Babruysk, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, BSSR, Soviet Union, USSR
- **death place**: Melbourne, Australia
- **nationality**: Belarusian
- **occupation**: Author
- **years active**: 1960s-2017
Nick Theodore

**Nick Andrew Theodore** (born September 16, 1928) is an American politician. He was a State representative from 1963-66 and 1970-78, a South Carolina state senator from 1967-68 and from 1981-86, and the 85th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1987 to 1995.

Theodore is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nick Theodore
- **image**: Lt. Gov. Nick Theodore of SC.jpg
- **office**: List of lieutenant governors of South Carolina, 85th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina
- **governor**: Carroll A. Campbell, Jr., Carroll Campbell
- **term start**: January 14, 1987
- **term end**: January 11, 1995
- **predecessor**: Michael R. Daniel, Michael Daniel
- **successor**: Bob Peeler
- **state senate1**: South Carolina
- **district1**: 6th
- **term start1**: January 8, 1985
- **term end1**: January 14, 1987
- **predecessor1**: _Proportional representation_
- **successor1**: Sam Stilwell
- **state senate2**: South Carolina
- **district2**: 2nd
- **term start2**: January 13, 1981
- **term end2**: January 8, 1985
- **predecessor2**: Charles Garrett
- **successor2**: Nell Whitley Smith, Nell Smith
- **state senate3**: South Carolina
- **district3**: 3rd
- **term start3**: January 10, 1967
- **term end3**: January 14, 1969
- **predecessor3**: Constituency established
- **successor3**: Charles Garrett
- **state house4**: South Carolina
- **district4**: 21st
- **term start4**: January 14, 1975
- **term end4**: January 11, 1977
- **predecessor4**: Constituency established
- **successor4**: Philip Bradley
- **birth place**: Greenville, South Carolina, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Emilie Demosthenes
- **children**: Drew
Stephanie
- **alma mater**: University of Georgia
Furman University
W. Brantley Harvey Jr.

**William Brantley Harvey Jr.** (August 14, 1930 – December 12, 2018) was an American lawyer and politician. He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1958, and served until 1975, when he was installed as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. He served in that position until 1983.

Harvey later served on the  South Carolina Commission of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, as well as the South Carolina Department of Transportation.

Harvey died on December 12, 2018 in Beaufort, South Carolina at the age of 88.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: W. Brantley Harvey Jr.
- **office1**: 82nd Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina
- **term start1**: January 21, 1975
- **term end1**: January 10, 1979
- **governor1**: James B. Edwards
- **predecessor1**: Earle Morris Jr.
- **successor1**: Nancy Stevenson
- **office2**: Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
- **term2**: 1958–1975
- **birth place**: Walterboro, South Carolina, U.S.
- **death place**: Beaufort, South Carolina, U.S.
- **alma mater**: The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, The Citadel
University of South Carolina
- **occupation**: lawyer
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Helen
- **children**: five
Hugh Leatherman

**Hugh K. Leatherman Sr.** (April 14, 1931 – November 12, 2021) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the South Carolina Senate, from 1981 until his death. He was the Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, Leatherman and sat on the state's Budget and Control Board.

He was President Pro Tempore of the South Carolina Senate for all but one day from 2014 through 2019.

On October 22, 2021, it was announced that Leatherman was in hospice care in Florence, South Carolina for colorectal cancer. He died from the disease on November 12, 2021 at the age of 90.

## Other websites

- South Carolina Legislature - Hugh K. Leatherman Sr.  **Official SC Senate Website**
- Hugh K. Leatherman Sr. **Official Constituent Service Website**

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hugh Leatherman
- **image**: Hugh Leatherman Boeing.jpg
- **office**: President Pro Tempore of the South Carolina Senate
- **term start**: January 25, 2017
- **term end**: January 8, 2019
- **successor**: _Position abolished_
- **predecessor**: Kevin L. Bryant
- **term start1**: June 18, 2014
- **term end1**: January 23, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Yancey McGill
- **state senate2**: South Carolina
- **district2**: 31st
- **term start2**: January 14, 1981
- **term end2**: November 12, 2021
- **predecessor2**: John H. Waller, John Waller
- **successor2**: Mike Reichenbach
- **birth place**: Lincolnton, North Carolina, Lincolnton, North Carolina, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Florence, South Carolina, Florence, South Carolina, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Jean
- **alma mater**: North Carolina State University
- **termend1**: January 24, 2017
- **successor1**: Kevin L. Bryant
HIV Drug Resistance Database

**HIV Drug Resistance Database**, also named **Stanford HIV RT and Protease Sequence Database** is a database at Stanford University that shows 93 versions of HIV.  The latest list uses data from other laboratories in Europe, Canada and the United States including more than 15,000 pieces of data.

## Further reading

- HIV Drug Resistance Database

## Related pages

- Cystic Fibrosis (CF)
- Infectious agent
- List of infectious diseases