juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cedilla

A **cedilla** is a mark added to a letter of the alphabet. It is used in the orthographies of French, Portuguese and a few other languages, including many Turkic languages.

The cedilla is most commonly used with the letters 'c' and 's', but it is rarely used with other letters. When a 'c' has a cedilla, that means it is said like an _s_ and not like a _k_. This is called a soft c. In Turkic languages, it represents the sound of English ***ch**eese_. When an 's' has a cedilla, it is said like the sound of English ***sh**eep_.

Some examples of cedillas used with letters that are not 'c' or 's' are:
- In Gagauz, the letter 't' is used with a cedilla to produce the sound /ts/, like the German 'z' sound in _zunge_.
- The Latvian letters ģ, ķ, ļ, and ņ are sometimes interpreted as having cedillas, which they do in some fonts, but most of the time, they have commas. In Unicode, these letters are named as if they have cedillas.
- Vute, an African language, uses cedilla to mark nasalization of its vowels, for example: _a̧, ə̧, o̧_.

## Related pages

- Tilde
- Diacritic
Deportes Tolima

**Club Deportes Tolima**, commonly known as **Deportes Tolima**, is a Colombian professional football club based in Ibagué, Tolima Department. It currently plays in the Categoría Primera A. The club was founded on 18 December 1954 and has won the league two times: in 2003 and 2018.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Deportes Tolima
- **socks2**: FFFFFF
- **pattern b2**: _Tolima20a
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- **body2**: FFFFFF
- **rightarm2**: FFFFFF
- **shorts2**: FFFFFF
- **pattern la3**: _Tolima20t
- **socks1**: 7A0E23
- **pattern b3**: _Tolima20t
- **pattern ra3**: _Tolima20t
- **pattern sh3**: _Tolima20t
- **pattern so3**: _Tolima20t
- **leftarm3**: 7A0E23
- **body3**: FFE633
- **rightarm3**: 7A0E23
- **shorts3**: FFE633
- **pattern la2**: _Tolima20a
- **shorts1**: 7A0E23
- **image**: Tolima Campeón 2018.png
- **league**: Categoría Primera A
- **upright**: 0.6
- **fullname**: Club Deportes Tolima S.A.
- **ground**: Estadio Manuel Murillo Toro
Ibagué, Colombia
- **capacity**: 28,100
- **chairman**: Gabriel Camargo Salamanca
- **manager**: Hernán Torres
- **season**: 2020 Categoría Primera A season, 2020
- **rightarm1**: 7A0E23
- **position**: 2nd, quarter-finals
- **website**: http://clubdeportestolima.com.co
- **pattern la1**: _Tolima20h
- **pattern b1**: _Tolima20h
- **pattern ra1**: _Tolima20h
- **pattern sh1**: _Tolima20h
- **pattern so1**: _Tolima20h
- **leftarm1**: 7A0E23
- **body1**: 7A0E23
- **socks3**: FFE633
The Reluctant Fundamentalist (movie)

***The Reluctant Fundamentalist*** is a 2012 movie based on  Mohsin Hamid's 2007 book of the same name.  It is about a person who comes to the United States with some ideas, but these ideas change after the World Trade Center terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.

## Infobox (movie)

- **director**: Mira Nair
- **writer**: Mohsin Hamid
- **music**: Michael Andrews
- **country**: United States
 India
 Pakistan
 Qatar
- **language**: English
 Tamil
 Urdu
Haji Qadir Koyi

**Haji Qadir Koyi** (1817–1897) was a Kurdish poet and mullah. He tried to help the growth of nationalism among the Kurds with his writing. He wrote that Kurds should develop literature and newspapers in the Kurdish language. Kurds, he wrote, should write down their oral tradition<nowiki/>s and their ballads. Koyi thought that literature and political power were both important for the Kurds to develop a state.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Haji Qadir Koyi
- **native name lang**: ku
- **birth date**: 1817
- **death date**: 1897
- **language**: Kurdish language, Kurdish
Double whole note

A **double whole note** (also called a **breve**) is a note that is double the value of a whole note, which is where it gets its name. In the  time signature it has the value of 8 beats or two measures.
Bonita, Louisiana

**Bonia** is a village in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Collinston, Louisiana

**Collinston** is a village in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Mer Rouge, Louisiana

**Mer Rouge** is a village in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is a outer suburb of Bastrop.
Oak Ridge, Louisiana

**Oak Ridge** is a village in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Delta, Louisiana

**Delta** is a village in Madison Parish, Louisiana, United States.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Delta, Louisiana
- **official name**: Village of Delta
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities in Louisiana, Village
- **map caption**: Interactive map of Delta
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision type2**: Parish
- **subdivision name2**: Madison Parish, Louisiana, Madison
- **established title**: Founded
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name1**: Marvin Ashley (elected 2015)
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 11.93
- **area total sq mi**: 4.61
- **area land km2**: 11.49
- **area land sq mi**: 4.44
- **area water km2**: 0.43
- **area water sq mi**: 0.17
- **elevation ft**: 89
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 232
- **population density km2**: 20.19
- **population density sq mi**: 52.29
- **timezone1**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset1**: -6
- **timezone1 dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -5
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 71233
- **area code**: Area code 318, 318
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 22-20330
- **blank2 name sec2**: Wikimedia Commons
Yang Xiong (politician)

**Yang Xiong** (; November 1953 – 12 April 2021) was a Chinese politician and business executive. He was Mayor of Shanghai.

On 17 January 2017, Yang resigned as mayor. He was replaced by Ying Yong.

Yang died surprisingly on 12 April 2021 at Huashan Hospital from heart failure.  He was 67.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Yang Xiong
- **image**: Yang Xiong (29056693522) (cropped).jpg
- **office**: Mayor of Shanghai
- **term start**: 26 December 2012
- **term end**: 17 January 2017

- **predecessor**: Han Zheng
- **successor**: Ying Yong
- **birth date**: November 1953
- **birth place**: Nanhui District, Nanhui, Jiangsu (now Pudong, Shanghai), China
- **death place**: Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- **party**: Communist Party of China
- **alma mater**: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Kunja Bojji

**Kunja Bojji** (10 February 1926 – 12 April 2021) was an Indian politician belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He represented the Bhadrachalam seat in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly between 1985 and 1999. He belonged to the Koya community.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Kunja Bojji
 కు౦జా బొజ్జి
- **birth place**: Adavi
- **death date**: Venkannagudem, Khammam District, Andhra Pradesh
- **constituency**: Bhadrachalam (ST)(Assembly constituency), Bhadrachalam , Andhra Pradesh
- **office**: Member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
- **term start**: 1985
- **term end**: 1999
- **predecessor**: Yerraiah Reddi Murla
- **successor**: Sunnam Rajaiah
- **party**: Communist Party of India (Marxist)
- **spouse**: Subbalakshmi
Peter Goy

**Peter John Goy** (8 June 1938 – 12 April 2021) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He turned professional in June 1955 and continued to play for the youth team until 1956. He played two matches for Arsenal, his debut against Leeds United on 24 February 1959 (which Arsenal won 1–0) and the second against Birmingham City on 4 May 1959.

He later played for Southend United, Watford and Huddersfield Town, before moving to South Africa, then living at Shoeburyness, Essex.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Peter Goy
- **fullname**: Peter John Goy
- **birth place**: Beverley, Yorkshire, England
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1954–1955
- **youthclubs1**: Arsenal F.C., Arsenal
- **years1**: 1955–1960
- **years2**: 1960–1964
- **years3**: 1964–1965
- **years4**: 1965–1967
- **clubs1**: Arsenal F.C., Arsenal
- **clubs2**: Southend United F.C., Southend United
- **clubs3**: Watford F.C., Watford
- **clubs4**: Huddersfield Town A.F.C., Huddersfield Town
- **caps1**: 2
- **caps2**: 118
- **caps3**: 27
- **caps4**: 4
- **goals1**: 0
- **goals2**: 0
- **goals3**: 0
- **goals4**: 0
Angèle Jacq

**Angèle Jacq** (1937, Landudal – April 12, 2021) was a farmer who became a bank employee. From 1995, she began writing historical novels that happened in Brittany.

In 2003, her literary work earned her the collar of the Order of the Ermine, bestowed by the . She also was a strong supporter of the Breton language. She spoke Breton. She was against the destruction of the collective memory of the Bretons and for a popular education detached from the State.

## Works

Historical novels:
- 1995: _Les braises de la liberté_, Éditions France-Empire. Reprinted in 2010 by Coop Breizh, this novel has a sequel, _Tinaig_, also published by Coop Breizh
- 1997: _Légendes de Bretagne_, France-Empire
- 1999: _Le voyage de Jabel_, Edilarge, Cezam Prix Littéraire Inter CE in 2000
- 2002: _Ma langue au chat_, Le Palémon
- In the series _Les hommes libres_ :
    - 2003: Volume 1: _Ils n'avaient que leurs mains_, Le Palémon
    - 2005: Volume 2: _Un brassard et des sabots_, Le Palémon
    - 2007: Volume 3: _Liberté Frankiz Fahafana_, Le Palémon

## Other websites

- Angèle Jacq on les Éditions du Palémon, in Quimper
- Biographie on DiwanParis
- Angèle Jacq on Babelio
- Angèle Jacq : _Nous ferons tout ce qu'il faut pour être un peuple à jamais_ on Agence Bretagne Presse
Dhanare Paskal Janya

**Dhanare Paskal Janya** (1971/1972 - 12 April 2021) was an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a first term member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.

Janya died in 2021 from COVID-19 on April 12 aged 49.

## Constituency

Dhanare Paskal Janya was elected from the Dahanu constituency Maharashtra.

## Positions held

- Maharashtra Legislative Assembly MLA.
- Terms in office: 2014–2019.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **office**: Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
- **term start**: 2014
- **term end**: 2019
- **birth date**: 1971/1972
- **death date**: 12 April 2021 (aged 49)
- **death place**: India
- **occupation**: Politician
- **party**: Bharatiya Janata Party
- **nationality**: Indian
Joseph Siravo

**Joseph Siravo** (March 11, 1955 (some sources say 1957) – April 11, 2021) was an American actor, producer, and educator. He  was  best known for his work on Broadway in the Tony Award-winning productions of _Oslo_ and _The Light in the Piazza_.

He also appeared as Johnny Soprano in _The Sopranos_ and Fred Goldman in _The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story_.

Siravo died from prostate and colorectal cancer on April 11, 2021 at the age of 66.

## Other websites

- Joseph Siravo
- Shakespeare & Beyond

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Joseph Siravo
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, Theatrical producer, producer, educator
- **education**: Stanford University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
New York University (Master of Fine Arts, MFA)
Isi Leibler

**Isi Leibler**  (Hebrew: ; 9 October 1934 – 13 April 2021) was a Belgian-born Australian-Israeli international Jewish activist.

Leibler's activities and campaign  on behalf of Soviet Jewry are documented in the book: Let my People Go: The untold story of Australia and Soviet Jews 1969 – 1989, authored by Sam Lipski and Suzanne Rutland in 2015.

Leibler had senior roles in the World Jewish Congress (WJC), an umbrella organisation representing global Jewry, including Chairman of the Governing Board and Senior Vice President.

Leibler was a columnist for The Jerusalem Post. He was also a regular columnist for Israel Hayom, the Israeli daily newspaper.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Isi Leibler
- **image**: Isi_Leibler.jpg
- **caption**: Isi Leibler, 2011
- **birth date**: 9 October 1934
- **birth place**: Antwerp, Belgium
- **death date**: 13 April 2021 (aged 86)
- **death place**: Israel
Halyna Mosiychuk

**Halyna Mosiychuk** (Мосійчук Галина Василівна; died 12 April 2021) was a Soviet and Ukrainian composer. She made over a hundred songs, and several music videos and CDs. She won many awards and prizes for her works.

Mosiychuk died in Dubno on 12 April 2021.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Halyna Mosiychuk
- **image**: Галина Василівна Мосійчук.JPG
- **birth place**: Kostanay Region
- **death place**: Dubno, Ukraine
- **nationality**: Ukrainian
- **occupation**: composer
Ramūnas Karbauskis

**Ramūnas Karbauskis** (Lithuanian: _Ramūnas Karbauskis_; born December 5, 1969) is a Lithuanian businessman, politician and philanthropist.

### Education and career start

Ramūnas Karbauskis was born on December 5, 1969 in the village of Naisiai, Šiauliai district. His father is Česlovas Karbauskis, who was member of the Verkhovna Rada of Lithuania, and his mother is Nijola Karbauskienė. In 1987, he graduated from high school and entered the agronomic faculty of the Lithuanian Agricultural Academy, which he graduated in 1992.

He was interested in checkers and became a candidate for master of sports in international and Russian checkers. In 1987-1988, he was a member of the Lithuanian youth team in Russian checkers.

In 1993, Karbauskis founded the company _Agrokoncernas_. In few years it became one of the largest agricultural groups in Lithuania, employing more than 800 people, and Karbauskis was one of the richest people in Lithuania.

### Politics

Karbauskis was elected to the Seimas three times in the mid-1990s.

Since 2009, Karbauskis has been the chairman of the Lithuanian Union of Populist Peasants.

In the 2016 parliamentary elections, the party took first place and Karbauskis himself ran for parliament.

### Charity

Karbauskis organized the Naisiai family festival (in honor of his native village).

In 2013, Karbauskis co-founded the _Švieskime Vaikus_ charity foundation (en: _Let's raise children_), together with Lithuanian singer and producer Andrius Mamontovas.

Since 2006, Karbauskis has been the President of the Lithuanian Drafts Federation, and since 2009 he has been the Vice-President of the Lithuanian Jamaican Horse Association (a historical horse breed from Lithuania).

### Family

Karbauskis has a wife, Lina, and two sons, Justinas and Mantas. His brother Mindaugas Karbauskis is the artistic director of the Vladimir Mayakovsky Moscow Academic Theater.
She-Devil

***She-Devil*** is a 1989 American black comedy movie directed by Susan Seidelman and is the second adaption of the novel _The Life and Loves of a She-Devil_ by Fay Weldon. It stars Meryl Streep, Roseanne Barr, Ed Begley Jr., Linda Hunt, Sylvia Miles, Rosanna Carter, Mary Louise Wilson and was distributed by Orion Pictures.
Remigijus Šimašius

**Remigijus Šimašius** (Lithuanian: _Remigijus Šimašius_; January 12, 1974, Taurage, Lithuania) is the mayor of Vilnius since 2015. He is Lithuanian lawyer, politician, member of the Seimas (2012-2016), Minister of Justice of Lithuania from 2008 to 2012, economist.

## Biography

Remigijus Šimašius graduated from the Faculty of Law of Vilnius University.

He then studied as a doctoral student at Mykola Romeris University.

On September 17, 2002 he became Doctor of Laws.

In 2002-2008, he was a teacher (lecturer) in the field of law in Nicholas Romeris University and Vilnius University.

From 1995 to 2008, Remigijus Šimašius was a legal expert and economist at the Lithuanian Free Market Institute (LLRI). In 2006, he bacame a President of the Institute.

## Politics

From 2008 to 2012, Remigijus Šimašius was Minister of Justice in the government of Kubilius.

In 2015, he was elected mayor of Vilnius.

In June 2016, members of the Liberal Movement elected Remigijus Šimašius as a chairman of the party.

In 2017, he left the "Union of Liberals of Lithuania".

In 2019, Remigijus Šimašius created a public committee "_For Vilnius, which we are proud of_" and on March 17, 2019, in the second round he was re-elected mayor of Vilnius, gaining in the second round 59% of the vote.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Remigijus Šimašius
- **image**: Remigijus Šimašius 1.JPG
- **birth date**: January 12, 1974
- **birth place**: Taurage, Lithuania
- **occupation**: Mayor of Vilnius
Formication

**Feeling** as if insects were crawling across or underneath your skin. Originated from the Latin word “_formica_”, which means ant. It is one of the sensations known as paresthesias, which also include the more common prickling, tingling sensation known as "pins and needles".
Peter Warner

**Peter Warner** (1931 – 13 April 2021) was an Australian seafarer and ship's captain who discovered six Tongan youths marooned on a Pacific island in 1966, more than a year after they had been presumed dead. He later went on to win the line honours three times in the Sydney to Hobart yacht race. He drowned April 13, 2021 when his boat capsized attempting to cross the Ballina Bar at the mouth of the Richmond River.
A United Kingdom

***A United Kingdom*** is a 2016 British American Czech French Botswanan biographical drama movie directed by Amma Asante and was based on the novel _Colour Bar_ by Susan Williams. It stars David Oyelowo, Rosamund Pike, Terry Pheto, Vusi Kunene, Jack Davenport, Nicholas Rowe, Charlotte Hope, Nicholas Lyndhurst and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Public shaming

**Public shaming** is when someone is out of favor for their actions or words. It has been used as a punishment in some countries long ago.

## Online shaming

Public shaming has been seen online due to a super-minority of groups willing to "cancel" people.
Red-skirted tree frog

The **red-skirted tree frog** (_Dendropsophus rhodopeplus_) is a frog that lives in Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil.  Scientists have seen it as high as 1200 meters above sea level.

This frog is yellow and dark red in color. The adult male frog is 15.34 to 25.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is  26.8 to 27.7 mm long.  It lays eggs whenever the weather is good for laying eggs.
Hkakabo Razi

**Hkakabo Razi** is a  mountain in Asia. It is in the Burmese Himalayas range of the Kachin State in northern Myanmar. This mountain is in 3 countries: Myanmar , India, and China. It is the highest mountain in Myanmar. It has been protected as a national park since 1998. The mountain is in Kachin State, the northernmost state of Myanmar.

Takashi Ozaki (Japan, 1951 – May 14, 2011) and Nyima Gyaltsen (aka "Aung Tse"; Myanmar) made the first ascent in 1996. As of 2021, they were the only people to have reached the top of the mountain and to have returned alive. Ozaki had attempted the mountain in 1995 but turned back due to bad weather. The route to basecamp is long (four weeks). A dense rain forest needs to be traversed, with many unbridged stream crossings. Before 1993, foreigners were not allowed travel to the area. This may be one of the reasons why the first successful climb was only done recently.

In 2013, the nearby peak of Gamlang Razi was climbed and measured at  using an advanced version of GPS, making it possibly the highest in Myanmar. Ozaki had confirmed Hkakabo's height as 5881 m, but he did not yet have the GPS equipment to measure the exact height of Hkakabo Razi.

A team was sent out, to measure the exact height, in 2014. They had to turn back at a height of . They estimated that the summit was  higher. Therefore, its exact height is unknown.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Hkakabo Razi
ခါကာဘိုရာဇီ
- **photo**: File:Hkakabo Razi Burma 29 Sept 2015 Landsat 8 ETM + Channels 654 panchromatic sharpened.jpg
- **photo caption**: Satellite image of Hkakabo Razi
- **elevation m**: 5881
- **range**: Himalayas
- **first ascent**: 15 September 1996
- **easiest route**: snow/ice climb
Maikei Ngaakpa Lai

A **Maikei Ngaakpa Lai** is a member of the Guardian deities ("Ngaakpa Lai"s) of the ten directions ("Maikei"s) in Meitei mythology and religion. The foremost of them are Marjing (Malching), Thangjing (Thangching), Koubru (Koupalu) and Wangbren (Wangpulel).

## Four Major Directions

The deities who guard the four directions are as follows:

### Awang koubru

**Koupalu** (ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ) or **Koubru** (ꯀꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯨ) is the Guardian of the North West direction. He is the patron of the Mount Koubru in Northern Manipur.

### Marjing

**Marjing** (ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯡ) or **Malching** (ꯃꯥꯜꯆꯤꯡ) is the Guardian of the North East direction. Besides, he is the inventor of the Sagol Kangjei, a primitive form of modern polo, and Meitei horse. He rides on Samadon Ayangba, a mythical winged horse.

### Thangching

**Thangjing** (ꯊꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ) or **Thangching** (ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ) is the Guardian of the South West direction. Besides, he is the patron deity of the Ancient Moirang.

### Wangpulel

**Wangpulel** (ꯋꯥꯡꯄꯨꯂꯦꯜ) or **Wangbren** (ꯋꯥꯡꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ) is the Guardian of the South East direction. Besides, he is the deity of underwater world and disaster.

### Kounu

**Kounu** (ꯀꯧꯅꯨ) is the Guardian of the Northern direction. She is the goddess who dwells in the snows of far north. She is the consort of Koupalu and the mother of Loyalakpa.

### Lok Ningthou

**Lok Ningthou** (ꯂꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ) is the Guardian of the Southern direction. Little is known or mentioned about him in the legends.

### Loyalakpa

**Loyalakpa** (ꯂꯣꯌꯥꯂꯥꯛꯄ) or **Loyarakpa** (ꯂꯣꯌꯥꯔꯥꯛꯄ) is the Guardian of the Western direction. He is the only son of Koupalu and Kounu. He is best known for having a divine wrestling match with Khoriphaba.

### Nongpok Ningthou

**Nongpok Ningthou** (ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ) is the Guardian of the Eastern direction. He is the patron of the Nongmaiching Hill in Eastern Manipur.

## Two Extra directions

There are two extra directions, which are zenith (upwards) and nadir (downwards).
The two deities are:

### Salailen

Salailen Sitapa (ꯁꯂꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ) is the Guardian of the upward direction. Besides, he is the king of gods and the ruler of heaven.

### Thongalel

**Thongalel** (ꯊꯣꯡꯉꯥꯂꯦꯜ) is the Guardian of the downwards direction. Besides, he is the god of the death and the ruler of the underworld kingdom.
Quadruple whole note

The **quadruple whole note** (also called a **longa**, **long**, or **quadruple note**) is a note that is 4 times the value of a whole note which is where it gets its name. In the  time signature it has a value of 16 beats or 4 measures.
Octuple whole note

The **octuple whole note** (also called a **maxima**, **duplex longa**, or **larga**) is a note that has a value of 8 times a whole note, which is where it gets its name. In the  time signature it has a value of 32 beats or 8 measures.
C (musical note)

**C** or **Do** is the first note of the C major scale.

## Designation by octave

|Scientific designation|Helmholtz designation|Octave name|Frequency (Hz)|Other names|Audio|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|C<sub>−1</sub>|C͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵C or CCCC|Octocontra||||
|C<sub>0</sub>|C͵͵ or ͵͵C or CCC|Subcontra||||
|C<sub>1</sub>|C͵ or ͵C or CC|Contra||||
|C<sub>2</sub>|C|Great||Low C, cello C, 8' C (see organ pipe length)||
|C<sub>3</sub>|c|Small||4' C or tenor C (organ), viola C||
|C<sub>4</sub>|c′|One-lined||**Middle C**||
|C<sub>5</sub>|c′′|Two-lined||Treble C, high C (written an octave higher for tenor voices)||
|C<sub>6</sub>|c′′′|Three-lined|align="right"|High C (soprano)||
|C<sub>7</sub>|c′′′′|Four-lined|align="right"|Double high C||
|C<sub>8</sub>|c′′′′′|Five-lined|align="right"|Eighth octave C, triple high C||
|C<sub>9</sub>|c′′′′′′|Six-lined|align="right"|Quadruple high C||
|C<sub>10</sub>|c′′′′′′′|Seven-lined|align="right"|Quintuple high C||

### Middle C

**Middle C** is the musical note C that is in the middle of the piano keyboard.  It is not perfectly in the middle of the keyboard, but very nearly. When you compare all the Cs in the piano, it is the one nearest to the middle.

When writing Middle C in music notation, it is below the stave when using the treble clef and just above the stave when using the bass clef.  This is shown in the first and last notes of the musical example below.  The Middle C sits on a ledger line (an extension of the stave written just for one note).
Squishy toys

**Squishy toys** are common in most toy stores, and can help people with anxiety and ADHD. at the moment, squishy toys are popular and are becoming a trend.

The stores that you can find them in are DAISO, Target, Fred Meyer, Ross, and HOBBY LOBBY. You can find many types of squishy toys in the listed stores.

Many people create videos about them. Many have different varieties of names such as "funky egg", "marble mesh", and "mochi".
Ugarit

**Ugarit** (; , _ʼUgart_;  _Ūġārīt_ or  _Ūǧārīt_) was an ancient port city in northern Syria. It is in the outskirts of modern Latakia. It was discovered by accident in 1928 together with the Ugaritic texts. Its ruins are often called **Ras Shamra** due to the headland on which they are found.

Ugarit had close connections to the Hittite Empire. It also sent tribute to Egypt at times and maintained trade and diplomatic connections with Cyprus (then called Alashiya). This is documented in the archives recovered from the site. It is confirmed by Mycenaean and Cypriot pottery found there. The polity was at its height from c. 1450 BCE until its destruction in c. 1200 BCE. This destruction was possibly caused by the mysterious Sea Peoples or internal struggle. The kingdom would be one of the many that fell apart during the Bronze Age Collapse.

## Infobox (ancient site)

- **name**: Ugarit
- **built**: c. 6000 BCE
- **abandoned**: c. 1190 BCE
- **epochs**: Neolithic–Late Bronze Age
- **cultures**: Canaanite
- **event**: Bronze Age collapse
- **excavations**: 1928–present
- **archaeologists**: Claude F. A. Schaeffer
- **condition**: ruins
- **ownership**: Public
- **public access**: Yes
- **alternate name**: Ras Shamra ()
- **image**: Ugarit Corbel.jpg
- **image size**: 300
- **caption**: Entrance to the Royal Palace of Ugarit
- **map type**: Near East#Syria
- **map size**: 300
- **relief**: yes
- **location**: Latakia Governorate, Syria
- **region**: Fertile Crescent
- **type**: settlement
Milbertshofen-Am Hart

**Milbertshofen-Am Hart** (Central Bavarian: _Muibatshofa-Am Hoart_) is a borough in the north of Munich in Germany. The three boroughs **Milbertshofen**, **Am Riesenfeld** and **Am-Hart** formed to create **Milbertshofen-Am Hart**. As of January 2020 it had a population of 76,670.
Schwabing

**Schwabing** is a borough in the north of Munich, Bavaria.
Arctic Council

The **Arctic Council** is a high-level forum between governments. It addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. The Council is formed of eight countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. All of these countries have sovereignty over the lands within the Arctic Circle. There are also some observer states.

The Council was formed in 1996 by the Ottawa Declaration. It is designed to encourage cooperation, coordination, and interaction among the Arctic states. The Council meets every six months for a Senior Arctic Officials (SAO) meeting. Senior Arctic Officials are representatives of the member states. Every two years a Ministerial Meeting is held. A "Declaration" is produced at this meeting. It sums up the past work of the Council and its future plans.

## Membership

The Council is made up of member and observer states, as well as Indigenous "permanent participants" and observer organizations.

#### Member states

To be a member, a state must have territory in the Arctic. The member states are:

- Canada
- Denmark; representing Greenland
- Finland
- Iceland
- Norway
- Russia
- Sweden
- United States

#### Observer states

Observer status is open to non-Arctic states. They must be approved by the Council at the Ministerial Meetings. Observers have no voting rights in the Council. Currently, thirteen non-Arctic states have observer status.

Current observer states are (2019):

- Germany, 1998
- Netherlands, 1998
- Poland, 1998
- United Kingdom, 1998
- France, 2000
- Spain, 2006
- China, 2013
- India, 2013
- Italy, 2013
- Japan, 2013
- South Korea, 2013
- Singapore, 2013
- Switzerland, 2017

## Other websites

- www.arctic-council.org – Arctic Council
- Arctic nations meet as tensions and temperatures run high (2021) Bangkok Post

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Arctic Council
- **map**: File:ArcticCouncil.svg
- **map size**: 300px
- **formation**: (Ottawa Declaration)
- **type**: Governmental organization
- **purpose**: Forum for promoting cooperation, coordination, and interaction among the Arctic states, with the involvement of the Arctic Indigenous communities
- **headquarters**: Tromsø, Norway (since 2012)
- **main organ**: Secretariat (administrative office), Secretariat
F (musical note)

**F** or **Fa** is the first note of the F major scale.

## Designation by octave

|Scientific designation|Helmholtz designation|Octave name|Frequency (Hz)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|F<sub>−1</sub>|F͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵F or FFFF|Octocontra||
|F<sub>0</sub>|F͵͵ or ͵͵F or FFF|Subcontra||
|F<sub>1</sub>|F͵ or ͵F or FF|Contra||
|F<sub>2</sub>|F|Great||
|F<sub>3</sub>|f|Small||
|F<sub>4</sub>|f′|One-lined||
|F<sub>5</sub>|f′′|Two-lined||
|F<sub>6</sub>|f′′′|Three-lined||
|F<sub>7</sub>|f′′′′|Four-lined||
|F<sub>8</sub>|f′′′′′|Five-lined||
|F<sub>9</sub>|f′′′′′′|Six-lined||
|F<sub>10</sub>|f′′′′′′′|Seven-lined||
Exit sign

An **exit sign** is a pictogram in a public place that shows where the nearest emergency exit is, in case of an emergency that requires people to evacuate.

Exit signs are designed to be very understandable and clear to anyone. In the past, exit signs usually showed the word "EXIT" (or the equivalent in the local language), but increasingly exit signs around the world are pictograms, with or without additional text.
Sri Lankan rupee

The **Sri Lankan rupee** is the currency of Sri Lanka. It is divided into 100 cents. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka.

## Infobox (currency)

- **currency name in local**: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රුපියල් <small></small>
இலங்கை ரூபாய் <small></small>
- **image title 1**: 5000 rupee note of the 2010 _Development, Prosperity and Sri Lanka Dancers_ series
- **iso code**: LKR
- **inflation rate**: 12% <small>(2021)</small>
- **inflation source date**: _[http://www.cbsl.gov.lk/ Central Bank of Sri Lanka]_
- **inflation method**: Consumer price index, CPI
- **subunit name 1**: Cent (currency), cent
- **symbol**: **Rs**, **රු**, **ரூ**
- **frequently used coins**: රු.1, රු.2, රු.5, රු.10
- **frequently used banknotes**: රු.20, රු.50, රු.100, රු.500, රු.1000, රු.5000
- **issuing authority**: Central Bank of Sri Lanka
- **printer**: De La Rue, De La Rue Lanka Currency and Security Print (Pvt) Ltd
- **mint**: Royal Mint, Royal Mint, United Kingdom
Carving

**Carving** is the act of using tools to shape  a material by scraping away portions of that material. It can be done on any material solid enough to hold a shape, yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with tools.

Examples of material with potential for carving:
1. Wood
1. Stone
1. Brick
1. Plaster (when dry; but usually moulded when moist)
1. Bone

Carving is different from methods using soft and malleable materials like clay and melted glass.  Carving needs more work.

- Stone carving
- Wood carving
The Rubbish World of Dave Spud

***Dave Spud*** is a  British animated children's television series featuring the surreal adventures of the eponymous Dave Spud of Grimsby, his friends and tower block-dwelling family. It was created and directed by Edward Foster, inspired by his 2003 NFTS student short 'Anna Spud'. It was developed into a pilot in 2010 produced by  The Illuminated Film Company. 26 11-minute installments were commissioned, whilst the soundtrack was composed by electronic group Basement Jaxx.

## Infobox (television)

- **alt name**: Dave Spud
- **genre**: Comedy, Comedy-adventure
Sitcom
Fantasy
Deadpan humor
- **creator**: Edward Foster
- **director**: Edward Foster
- **composer**: Basement Jaxx
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **num series**: 3
- **num episodes**: 104
- **producer**: Iain Harvey
- **runtime**: 11 minutes
- **company**: The Illuminated Film Company
Cloth Cat Animation
- **channel**: CITV
Hada Samaton Ayangba

**Hada Samaton Ayangba** is a Meitei language theme song of the 8th Manipur Polo International 2014, sung by Mangka Mayanglambam and composed by M. Mangangsana. The song writer was B. Jayantakumar Sharma and presented by the Laihui Ensemble of Manipur. The theme of the song is dedicated to Samadon Ayangba, the winged mythical flying horse used by Marjing, the ancient Meitei deity of Sagol Kangjei, the traditional form of modern polo.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Hada Samaton Ayangba
- **alt**: Hada Shamaton Ayangba
- **artist**: Mangka Mayanglambam
- **language**: Meitei language
- **english title**: The Swiftly moving Shamaton
- **studio**: Laihui Ensemble
- **label**: Laihui Ensemble
- **writer**: B. Jayantakumar Sharma
- **composer**: B. Jayantakumar Sharma
- **lyricist**: B. Jayantakumar Sharma
- **producer**: Laihui Ensemble
Manipur International Polo

**Manipur International Polo** or **Manipur Polo International** is an annual international polo sports competition organised in Imphal, the capital city of Manipur. The main venue is Mapal Kangjeibung, the oldest pologround in the world. It is organized under the aegis of the Manipur Horse Riding and Polo Association (MHRPA) in the aim to popularize the game across India and the world. Several nations including Argentina, Australia, Canada, Egypt, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Kenya, Mongolia, Morocco, Poland, South Africa, Thailand, United Kingdom, Uruguay and United States participate in the championship competing with the team of players from Manipur. Notably, team for India is named "INDIA-A" team (represented by Indian Polo Association) and team for Manipur is named "INDIA-B" team (represented by MHRPA).

## Infobox (sports league)

- **title**: Manipur International Polo
- **sport**: Sagol Kangjei (Polo)
- **game**: Sagol Kangjei (Polo)
- **founder**: Manipur Horse Riding and Polo Association
- **countries**: * ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
* ,
*
- **venue**: Imphal Polo Ground
- **continents**: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, North America and South America
- **country**: India
- **headquarters**: Imphal, Manipur
Manipur Horse Riding and Polo Association

The **Manipur Horse Riding and Polo Association** (MHRPA) is a non profit organization established in 1977. It primarily works in the domain of Sports, Food and Nutrition and Animal and Wildlife. Its primary office is in Imphal, Manipur. The association organises the annual Manipur International Polo Tournament in the Imphal Polo Ground.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Manipur Horse Riding and Polo Association
- **abbreviation**: MHRPA
- **formation**: 1977
- **founding location**: Imphal
- **type**: Non-Governmental
- **registration id**: 3006/SR/80
- **headquarters**: Imphal
- **location**: Imphal
- **origins**: Manipur
- **region**: Manipur, India
- **fields**: Sports
- **website**: http://www.mhrpamanipur.in/
International humanitarian law

**International humanitarian law** is a set of laws recognised by most countries that tries to limit the destructive effects of war, such as the Geneva conventions.

## Related pages

- Humanitarianism
- Laws of war
Pena (musical instrument)

A **Pena** is a mono string musical instrument falling in the lute category. It is a traditional music instrument of Manipur and is usually used by the folk singers of Meitei ethnicity, while performing folk music. It is commonly seen in performance during the Lai Haraoba festival also. Pena performance is a dying art form in Manipur as there are only 145 active artists reported in the state. Several organizations including the Laihui Ensemble, are trying their best to preserve the endangered form of traditional art from extinction.

## Other websites

- http://manipuronline.com/culture-society/manipuri-shamanistic-music-reaching-out-to-gen-next/2010/12/23
Laihui Ensemble

The **Laihui Ensemble** is a centre for research on traditional and indigenous performing arts, based on Imphal, Manipur. It was established in 1985.
The association is performing different art shows at different venues across different nations in the world. Mangka Mayanglambam is one of the most active artists of the ensemble, and is trying her best to revive the dying art forms of Manipur including the Moirang Sai.

### Selected performances

- Uraolol, an ode to the tree - 2005
- Harao Seigonna Jagoi (Divine dances of love from the Lai Haraoba) - 2005-06
- Ode to the Yaiphabi (Mothers' daughter) Manipuri Music Esplanade - 2006
- Lai Haraoba - 2006
- Lei Langba, Moirang Parva, Traditional musical play - 2006-07
- Songs and Shaman dances of Manipur - 2007
- Ithanglen O! Athouba, Heroes, Heroines and Warriors - 2007-08
- Leishem Thanghai - 2008
- Phou-oibi, the rice goddess - 2009

### Other works

- Pena Phamshak - Men's Ballad
- Moirang Sai - Women's Ballad

## Other websites

- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.arts.Profile_on_laihui
Perseverance (rover)

**Perseverance** is a Mars rover launched July 30, 2020. It arrived in the Jezero Crater on Mars February 18, 2021. On the same day, it captured its first picture of Mars. The rover carried, among other things, an oxygen generator, 17 different cameras and the first ever helicopter to be flown on Mars, _Ingenuity_.

In April 2021, the oxygen generator in the _Perseverance_ created oxygen from carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere.

On August 6, 2021, the first sample-collection experiment was attempted, and failed. The drill hole was successful,  but later data revealed that the rock had crumbled, leaving no core to collect.
Pure, White and Deadly

***Pure, White and Deadly*** is a 1972 book by John Yudkin, a British nutritionist and former Chair of Nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College, London. The book is mainly about speaking out against sugars and its harmful effects, such as obesity and heart disease. The book and other research done by Yudkin has been mocked by the sugar industry despite the proof from other studies.
Gynecomastia

***Gynecomastia*** is when the breast in male humans are bigger than normal. It can happen to any male.

## Types of gynecomastia

- True Gynecomastia / Glandular Hypertrophy
- Pseudogynecomastia
- Mixed
Kiko, Crown Princess of Japan

, born ; 11 September 1966), is the wife of Fumihito, Prince Akishino, the brother of the current emperor of Japan, Naruhito.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Kiko
- **title**: Crown Princess Akishino
- **image**: Kiko,_Crown_Princess_Akishino_(54751644693,_cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Princess Kiko in 2025.
- **birth place**: Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
- **house**: Imperial House of Japan (by marriage)
- **father**: Tatsuhiko Kawashima
- **mother**: Kazuyo Sugimoto
E (musical note)

**E** or **Mi** is the first note of the E major scale.

## Designation by octave

|Scientific designation|Helmholtz designation|Octave name|Frequency (Hz)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|E<sub>−1</sub>|E͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵E or EEEE|Subsubcontra||
|E<sub>0</sub>|E͵͵ or ͵͵E or EEE|Subcontra||
|E<sub>1</sub>|E͵ or ͵E or EE|Contra||
|E<sub>2</sub>|E|Great||
|E<sub>3</sub>|e|Small||
|E<sub>4</sub>|e′|One-lined||
|E<sub>5</sub>|e′′|Two-lined||
|E<sub>6</sub>|e′′′|Three-lined||
|E<sub>7</sub>|e′′′′|Four-lined||
|E<sub>8</sub>|e′′′′′|Five-lined||
|E<sub>9</sub>|e′′′′′′|Six-lined||
|E<sub>10</sub>|e′′′′′′′|Seven-lined||

## F flat

**F** is a enharmonic equivalent of **E**, but is not usually seen as the same note. It is used in places where there is an E♭ that would come before an **E**. The **F** would then replace the **E** which would help avoid confusion in the notation.
Fetal viability

**Fetal viability** is a medical and a legal term. It describes the ability of an unborn child to survive outside the womb. For the first three months of pregnancy, the unborn child is called embryo, after that it is called fetus. Usually, children are born after 40 weeks of pregnancy. Very few children are born before the mother reaches 24 weeks of pregnancy. If they are born alive, very few will survive. About 50 to 70 percent of children born from the 25th week of pregnancy will survive. In the 24th week, the survival chance is 30 to 50 percent. The point at which the child has a 50 percent chance of surviving is called **limit of viability**.

## Related pages

- Miscarriage
- Abortion
- Parental danger and pregnancy
Cuffs

***Cuffs*** are a layer of fabric put at the wrists. It can either be separate or as a part of long sleeves.
Swift (programming language)

Swift is a general-purpose programming language made by Apple Inc. Originally released in 2014, Swift has been known to be used for making iOS applications.

## History

The development of Swift started in July 2010 by Chris Latner, with many other software programmers at Apple. Swift was made as a replacement for another programming language called Objective-C.

On June 2, 2014 the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference(WWDC) application became the first application written in Swift. A beta version of the app was released to the registered Apple developers.

In 2016, during the WWDC 2016, Apple announced an iPad only app called Swift Playgrounds, made to teach people how to code with Swift.

During WWDC 2019, Apple announced SwiftUI with Xcode 11.

## Examples

Here is a Hello world program written in swift.

## Platforms

Swift supports operating systems like: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, and Apple's operating systems (Darwin,iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, watchOS)
Socialist Republic of Serbia

The **Socialist Republic of Serbia** (), known as the **People's Republic of Serbia** () until 1963, was one of the six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It became a federated republic of Yugoslavia in 1944. It included what is now Serbia and Kosovo.

## Infobox (former country)

- **conventional long name**: ----

---
- **common name**: Serbia
- **life span**: 1944–1992
- **status**: Constituent republic, Constituent state of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia
- **p1**: Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia
- **flag p1**: Flag of German Reich (1935–1945).svg
- **p2**: Kingdom of Hungary (1920-1946)Kingdom of Hungary
- **flag p2**: Flag of Hungary (1920–1946).svg
- **p3**: Independent State of Croatia
- **flag p3**: Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg
- **p4**: Kingdom of Bulgaria
- **flag p4**: Flag of Bulgaria.svg
- **s1**: Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)Republic of Serbia
- **flag s1**: Flag of Serbia (1992-2004).svg
- **image flag**: Flag of the Socialist Republic of Serbia.svg
- **flag type**: Flag of Serbia, Flag (1947–1992)
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of Serbia (1947–2004).svg
- **symbol type**: Coat of arms of Serbia, Emblem (1947–1992)
- **common languages**: Serbo-Croatian (Serbian language, Serbian variant)
Hungarian language, Hungarian
Albanian language, Albanian
- **image map**: Locator map Serbia in Yugoslavia.svg
- **image map caption**: Serbia within Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia in 1990
- **capital**: Belgrade
- **government type**:
Marxism-Leninism, Marxist–Leninist One-party state, one-party socialist state, socialist republic

Titoism, Titoist One-party state, one-party Socialist state, socialist republic

Dominant-party parliamentary republic
- **title leader**: List of Presidents of Serbia, Head of state
- **leader1**: Siniša Stanković
- **year leader1**: 1944–1953 <small>(first)</small>
- **leader2**: Slobodan Milošević
- **year leader2**: 1989–1990 <small>(last)</small>
- **title deputy**: Prime Minister of Serbia, Head of government
- **deputy1**: Blagoje Nešković
- **year deputy1**: 1945–1948 <small>(first)</small>
- **deputy2**: Stanko Radmilović
- **year deputy2**: 1989–1990 <small>(last)</small>
- **legislature**: National Assembly (Serbia), National Assembly
- **era**: Cold War, World War II
- **event start**: ASNOS
- **date start**: 9–12 November
- **year start**: 1944
- **event1**: End of World War II in Europe, End of World War II
- **date event1**: 8 May 1945
- **event end**: Constitution of Serbia, Last Constitution adopted
- **date end**: 28 September
- **year end**: 1990
- **event post**: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia declared
- **date post**: 27 April 1992
- **hdi**: 0.719
- **hdi year**: 1991
Channel 4 News

***Channel 4 News*** is the main daily news programme on British TV channel, Channel 4. It is produced by ITN and has been running since Channel 4 started on 2 November 1982. It is broadcast Monday to Friday between 7:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. On weekends, it is broadcast at different times that can change each week. Its editor has been Ben de Pear since 2021.

### Current newscasters

- Krishnan Guru-Murthy (1998–present)
- Matt Frei (2011–present)
- Cathy Newman (2011–present)
- Jackie Long (2015–present)
- Fatima Manji (2016–present)

### Former newscasters

- Godfrey Hodgson (1982–85)
- Sarah Hogg (1982–85)
- Trevor McDonald (1982–89)
- Gavin Scott (1982–86)
- Peter Sissons (Lead presenter 1982–89)
- John Suchet (1982–1988)
- Sandy Gall (1983–84)
- Alastair Stewart (1983–87)
- Sue Turton (1983–2010)
- Carol Barnes (1984–92)
- Sonia Ruseler (1984–92)
- Nicholas Owen (1985–91)
- Norman Rees (1985–87)
- Brenda Rowe (1985–87)
- Tristana Moore (1986–99)
- Sue Carpenter (1988–90)
- Zeinab Badawi (1989–98)

- Jon Snow  (Lead presenter 1989–2021)
- Fiona Armstrong (1990–91)
- Fiona Murch (1991–94)
- Shahnaz Pakravan (1991–95)
- Dermot Murnaghan (1992–95)
- Sarah Spiller (1992–93)
- Alex Thomson (1999–2004)
- Samira Ahmed (2000–11)
- Kirsty Young (2000–2002)
- Katie Razzall (2005–2015)
- Sheena McDonald

## References

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## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 55 minutes
<small>(Monday–Friday)</small>
 20–30 minutes <small> (Saturday–Sunday)</small>
- **producer**: ITN
- **presenter**: Krishnan Guru-Murthy
Matt Frei
Cathy Newman
Jackie Long
Fatima Manji
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **language**: English
- **network**: Channel 4
- **last aired**: present
- **related**: _More4 News_ <small>(defunct)</small>
Longest word in Romanian

The **longest word in Romanian** is , the long name of  (silicosis), at 44 letters long. It is a chronic respiratory disease. Its name in English is _pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis_ and it is the longest English word in a major English dictionary. However, the _Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române_ ("Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language", DEX) says the longest word in Romanian is , which is a medical stabilization method. It has 25 letters and comes from the French word .

The longest Romanian words are:

- − 44 letters, a silicosis disease. It is not in the DEX.
- − 36 letters, an enzyme. It is not in the DEX.
- − 32 letters, a type of neuritis. It is not in the DEX.
- − 31 letters, a kind of surgical operation. It is not in the DEX.
- − 30 letters, a chemical substance. It is not in the DEX.
- − 25 letters, a medical stabilization method. It is in the DEX.

Most other longest Romanian words are 23 or 21 letters long.

There are other words that break other records in Romanian. The longest word with two vowels only is  (an interjection) and the longest one with all vowels, including the ones with diacritics, is . Both words are in the DEX.

## Related pages

- Longest words
- Longest word in English
- Longest word in French
- Longest word in Spanish
- Longest word in Turkish