juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Wallingford, Connecticut

**Wallingford** is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 44,396 at the 2020 census. The community was named after Wallingford, in England.
In 1886 the remains of a unidentied murdered man were found in Wallingford.
Yankee Candle

**The Yankee Candle Company** (referred to simply as **Yankee Candle**) is an American manufacturer and retailer of scented candles, candleholders, accessories, and dinnerware. It is the largest candle manufacturer in the United States. The company is headquartered in South Deerfield, Massachusetts.

The Jarden Corporation agreed to buy candle maker Yankee Candle for $1.75 billion in the fall of 2013. In 2015, Newell Rubbermaid announced that it would acquire Jarden for over $15 billion of cash and stock.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: The Yankee Candle Company, Inc.
- **image**: 10.1.07YankeeCandleNewportMallbyLuigiNovi.jpg
- **image caption**: The Yankee Candle store in the Newport Center Mall in Jersey City, New Jersey
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **founder**: Michael Kittredge
- **location city**: South Deerfield, Massachusetts, South Deerfield, Massachusetts
- **location country**: United States, U.S.
- **locations**: 560+
- **industry**: Final good, Consumer products
- **revenue**: United States dollar, US$ 844.2 million (2013)
- **num employees**: 300 factory workers in Czech Republic
- **parent**: Newell Brands (2013–present)
South Deerfield, Massachusetts

**South Deerfield** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Deerfield, Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States.  It is home to the well-known Yankee Candle Company. At the 2020 census, the population of South Deerfield was 1,930.
Jesper Juul

**Jesper Juul** (18 April 1948 – 25 July 2019) was a Danish family therapist and author. He wrote many books on parenting to a general audience. In his book _Your Competent Child_ (1995, in English 2001) he argues that families today have destructive values. The book _Has so far_ (2007) been translated into 13 languages. He was born in Vordingborg, Denmark.

Juul died of pneumonia in Copenhagen on 25 July 2019 at the age of 71.

## Other websites

- Jesper Juul - official website
- Kempler Institute
Pierre Péan

**Pierre Péan** (5 March 1938 – 25 July 2019) was a French investigative journalist and author. He wrote many books about political scandals in France. He was born in Maine-et-Loire, France. In 1994, he published _Une jeunesse française: François Mitterrand_ (_A French Youth: François Mitterrand_). The book is a biography covering the life of François Mitterrand from 1934 to 1947. He also wrote books on Charles de Gaulle.

Péan died on 25 July 2019 at the age of 81.

## Other websites

- Complaint against Péan on charges of "revisionism" following his publication of _Noires fureurs, blancs menteurs_
Rose Franco

**Rose Julia Franco** (January 22, 1934 – October 2, 2021) was a United States Marine Corps Warrant Officer. She was born in Guánica, Puerto Rico. She was the first Hispanic woman to become a chief warrant officer in the U.S. Marine Corps.

In 1965, Franco was named Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Navy, Paul Nitze by the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson. She was promoted to the rank of Warrant Officer by the recommendation of the Secretary of the Navy.

Franco died in Fort Lauderdale, Florida on October 2, 2021, at the age of 87.

## Other websites

- Women's Memorial
Gary Ray Bowles

**Gary Ray Bowles** (January 25, 1962 – August 22, 2019) was an American serial killer. He was sentenced to death for the murder of six men in 1994. He was born in Clifton Forge, Virginia. He was convicted of sexual assault, armed robbery and murder.

Bowles was executed by lethal injection on August 22, 2019 at Florida State Prison in Bradford County, aged 57.
Graham Freudenberg

**Norman Graham Freudenberg** AM ( 12 May 1934 – 26 July 2019) was an Australian author and political speechwriter. He worked with the Australian Labor Party for over forty years. He was born in Brisbane, Queensland.

Freudenberg wrote over a thousand speeches for several leaders of the Australian Labor Party at both the New South Wales state and federal level. Senior Labor Party leaders for whom he prepared speeches included Arthur Calwell, Gough Whitlam, Neville Wran, Bob Hawke, Barrie Unsworth, Bob Carr and Simon Crean.

On 26 July 2019, it was announced that Freudenberg had died after a long-illness, aged 85.
725 West Randolph

**725 W. Randolph Street** is  proposed skyscraper in Chicago. It is designed by architectural firm Roger Ferris + Partners with architect of record Perkins Eastman .

As proposed, the building will have residences and an Equinox-brand hotel. It is one of two buildings under development in the West Loop.  The Chicago Plan Commission approved the building in 2018, and related plans to break ground in 2019.
One Chicago Square

**One Chicago** (formerly **One Chicago Square**) is a skyscraper in the River North neighborhood of Chicago. The building would have two towers connected by a central podium. When completed, the taller of the two towers would be the sixth-tallest structure in Chicago.

The development has been approved by the Chicago Plan Commission for its zoning change and will have up to 869 residential units, both apartments and condominiums.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: One Chicago
- **caption**: One Chicago renderings.
- **building type**: Mixed Use
- **location**: 1 West Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60610
- **alternate names**: Formerly One Chicago Square
- **status**: Under construction
- **roof**: East tower:
West tower:
- **floor count**: West tower: 76
East tower: 49
- **est completion**: 2022
- **architect**: Hartshorne Plunkard Architecture, Goettsch Partners
400 Lake Shore Drive

**400 Lake Shore Drive** is a proposed set of connected towers to be built in Chicago, Illinois. Related Midwest is developing the project, and the firm Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill designed the buildings. It is scheduled to be completed by 2023.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: 400 Lake Shore Drive
- **building type**: Residential
- **location**: Chicago, Illinois
- **location country**: United States
- **est completion**: 2023, if plans are approved in summer 2019
- **height**: 1100 ft
- **architect**: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, SOM
Tribune East Tower

**Tribune Tower East** is a proposed  mixed use tower on the eastern edge of the Tribune Tower property in the Streeterville area of the Near North Side community areas of Chicago. If completed, the skyscraper would become the second-tallest in Chicago.

Plans were officially announced for a  tall 200-unit hotel, 439-apartment and 125-condominium building on April 16, 2018. These plans make the building  shorter than the Willis Tower, the city's tallest.

On mid-October 2018, the Chicago Plan Commission approved the plans for the city's second tallest building. Chicago City Council approved the plans in an October 31 meeting.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Tribune East Tower
- **building type**: residential   hotel
- **location**: Chicago
- **address**: East Illinois Street & North Cityfront Plaza Drive
- **status**: Approved
- **start date**: 2022
- **est completion**: 2025
- **floor count**: 113
- **developer**: CIM Group
Golub & Company
- **architect**: Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill
Conchata Ferrell

**Conchata Galen Ferrell** (March 28, 1943 – October 12, 2020) was an American actress. She was best known for playing Berta the housekeeper for all twelve seasons of the sitcom _Two and a Half Men_. For her role, she received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations (in 2005 and 2007).

Ferrell was born in Loudendale, West Virginia. She died on October 12, 2020 after a cardiac arrest at her home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles at the age of 77.
Loudendale, West Virginia

**Loudendale** is an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Loudendale
- **settlement type**: Unincorporated area, Unincorporated community A community near Kanawha State Forest with access to Charleston WV by way of Pennington Hill or Coal Hollow
- **pushpin map**: West Virginia#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within the state of West Virginia
- **map caption**: Location within Kanawha county
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: West Virginia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in West Virginia, County
- **subdivision name2**: Kanawha County, West Virginia, Kanawha
- **leader title**: UNINCORPORATED
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **population as of**: United States Census, 2000, 2000
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 666
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **blank name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS ID
- **blank info**: 1542476
Kanawha County, West Virginia

**Kanawha County** (  or  ) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745. It is West Virginia's most populous county. Its county seat is Charleston, the state capital.
Óscar Enrique Sánchez

**Oscar Enrique Sánchez Rivas** (15 July 1955 – 25 July 2019) popularly known as _El Conejo_ (the rabbit) was a Guatemalan football coach and inside forward. He played the for the club CSD Comunicaciones, and represented the Guatemala national football team at the Olympic Games and in three FIFA World Cup qualification processes.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Óscar Enrique Sánchez
- **fullname**: Óscar Enrique Sánchez Rivas
- **image**: https://images.app.goo.gl/xKEKcLg7dG3rMBwg8
- **birth place**: Guatemala City, Guatemala
- **position**: striker (football), striker
- **years1**: 1973
- **years2**: 1974–1983
- **years5**: 1986–1988
- **years9**: 1992
- **years4**: 1985
- **years3**: 1984
- **years6**: 1989
- **years7**: 1990
- **years8**: 1991
- **clubs1**: Ases del Minar
- **clubs2**: C.S.D. Comunicaciones, Comunicaciones
- **clubs5**: CSD Municipal, Municipal
- **clubs9**: Aurora FC
- **clubs3**: Galcasa
- **clubs6**: Tipografía Nacional (football club), Tipografía Nacional
- **clubs4**: Cobán Imperial
- **clubs7**: Izabal JC
- **clubs8**: Deportivo Escuintla
- **nationalyears1**: 1976–1989
- **nationalteam1**: Guatemala national football team, Guatemala
- **pcupdate**: 21 March 2010
- **ntupdate**: 21 March 2010
Kyoto Animation arson attack

The  happened at Kyoto Animation's Studio 1 building for anime in the Fushimi-ku ward of Kyoto, Japan, on the morning of 18 July 2019.

The arson killed at least 36 people, injured 34, and destroyed all materials and computers in Studio 1. It is one of the deadliest killings in Japanese history since the end of World War II and the deadliest building fire in Japan since the Myojo 56 building fire in 2001.

Many heads of state have expressed condolences, including António Guterres, General Secretary of the United Nations. And many donations and massages have send to victims of the arson attack.

On 25 January 2024, the man who has practiced the arson attack is sentence to death for the killings

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 13


## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: Kyoto Animation arson attack
- **native name**: 京都アニメーション放火殺人事件
- **native name lang**: ja
- **image**: Kyoto animation arson attack 1 20190721.jpg
- **image size**: 260px
- **caption**: Kyoto Animation's Studio 1 after the arson attack
- **location**: 15-1 Inaba, Momoyama-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Fushimi, Kyoto
- **target**: Kyoto Animation Studio 1
- **time**: 10:31 a.m. Japan Standard Time, JST, UTC+09:00
- **type**: Arson
- **fatalities**: 36
- **injuries**: 34 (including the suspect)
- **susperp**: Shinji Aoba
- **weapon**: Gasoline (40 ), lighter, five knives, hammer
- **motive**: Possible revenge attack
John Nott

**Sir John William Frederic Nott**  (1 February 1932 – 6 November 2024) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was well known in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He was Secretary of State for Defence during the Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands and the Falklands War in the Margaret Thatcher cabinet. He was a supporter of Brexit.

Nott died on 6 November 2024 at the age of 92.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **image**: John Nott 02.jpg
- **name**: Sir John Nott
- **office**: Secretary of State for Defence
- **primeminister**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start**: 5 January 1981
- **term end**: 6 January 1983
- **predecessor**: Francis Pym
- **successor**: Michael Heseltine
- **office2**: Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, Secretary of State for Trade
- **primeminister2**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start2**: 4 May 1979
- **term end2**: 5 January 1981
- **predecessor2**: John Smith (Labour Party leader), John Smith
- **successor2**: John Biffen
- **constituency mp3**: St Ives (UK Parliament constituency), St Ives
- **term start3**: 31 March 1966
- **term end3**: 9 June 1983
- **predecessor3**: Greville Howard (St Ives MP), Greville Howard
- **successor3**: David Harris (British politician), David Harris
- **birth place**: Bideford, Devon, England
- **branch**:  British Army
• 2nd Gurkha Rifles
- **serviceyears**: 1952–1956
- **rank**: Lieutenant
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **alma mater**: Bradfield College
Trinity College, Cambridge
Tom King, Baron King of Bridgwater

**Thomas Jeremy King, Baron King of Bridgwater**,  (born 13 June 1933) is a British politician. He is a member of the Conservative Party.

King was in the Cabinet from 1983–92, and was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Bridgwater in Somerset from 1970–2001. He was made a life peer in 2001.

In October 1988, there was a plot to murder King at his home in Winchester during the growing intensity of The Troubles.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Lord King of Bridgwater
- **image**: Official portrait of Lord King of Bridgwater crop 2.jpg
- **office**: Secretary of State for Defence
- **primeminister**: Margaret Thatcher
John Major
- **term start**: 24 July 1989
- **term end**: 11 April 1992
- **predecessor**: George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, George Younger
- **successor**: Malcolm Rifkind
- **office2**: Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
- **primeminister2**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start2**: 3 September 1985
- **term end2**: 24 July 1989
- **predecessor2**: Douglas Hurd
- **successor2**: Peter Brooke
- **office3**: Secretary of State for Employment
- **primeminister3**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start3**: 16 October 1983
- **term end3**: 2 September 1985
- **predecessor3**: Norman Tebbit
- **successor3**: David Young, Baron Young of Graffham, The Lord Young of Graffham
- **office4**: Secretary of State for Transport
- **primeminister4**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start4**: 11 June 1983
- **term end4**: 16 October 1983
- **predecessor4**: David Howell, Baron Howell of Guildford, David Howell
- **successor4**: Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale, Nicholas Ridley
- **office5**: Secretary of State for the Environment
- **primeminister5**: Margaret Thatcher
- **term start5**: 6 January 1983
- **term end5**: 11 June 1983
- **predecessor5**: Michael Heseltine
- **successor5**: Patrick Jenkin
- **office6**: Shadow Secretary of State for Energy
- **term start6**: 19 November 1976
- **term end6**: 4 May 1979
- **leader6**: Margaret Thatcher
- **preceded6**: John Biffen
- **succeeded6**: David Owen
- **office7**: Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
- **term start7**: 9 July 2001
Life peer, Life Peerage
- **office8**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Bridgwater (UK Parliament constituency), Bridgwater
- **term start8**: 12 March 1970
- **term end8**: 7 June 2001
- **predecessor8**: Gerald Wills
- **successor8**: Ian Liddell-Grainger
- **birth place**: Rugby, Warwickshire, Rugby, United Kingdom
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative
- **alma mater**: Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Punggol

**Punggol** (in , in ), which can also be spelt as **Ponggol**, is a planning area and town. It was built on the Tanjong Pungool peninsula in the North-Eastern part of Singapore. It is North of Sengkang and has a riverline border with Seletar and Pasir Ris. The Straits of Johor is North of it. Coney Island is part of Pungool.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Punggol
- **settlement type**: Planning Areas of Singapore, Planning Area and New towns of Singapore, HDB Town
- **translit lang1**: Other
- **translit lang1 type1**: Simplified Chinese characters, Chinese
- **translit lang1 info1**: 榜鹅
- **translit lang1 type2**: Pinyin
- **translit lang1 info2**: Bǎng'é
- **image caption**: From top left to right: Punggol Town Centre, Flats at Edgedale Plains, Flats at Punggol Cove, Panoramic view of Greendale Secondary School, Punggol Watertown, Watertown, Punggol Plaza, Punggol Waterway Park
- **pushpin map**: Singapore
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Punggol within Singapore
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Region
- **subdivision name1**: North-East Region, Singapore, North-East Region
---
- **subdivision type2**: Community Development Council, CDC
- **subdivision name2**: * North East Community Development Council, North East CDC
- **subdivision type3**: Town council
- **subdivision name3**: * Pasir Ris-Punggol Town Council
- **subdivision type4**: Constituencies of Singapore, Constituency
- **subdivision name4**: * Pasir Ris-Punggol Group Representation Constituency, Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: North East CDC
* Desmond Choo
---
- **leader title1**: Members of Parliament
- **leader name1**: Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC
- **area total km2**: 9.57
- **area blank1 title**: Residential
- **area blank1 km2**: 3.74
- **population as of**: 2018
- **population total**: 161,570
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population demonym**: **Official**
* Punggol resident
**Colloquial**
* Punggoler
* Punggolian
* Punggolite
- **postal code type**: Postal district
- **postal code**: 19
- **blank name sec1**: Dwelling units
- **blank info sec1**: 43,385
- **blank1 name sec1**: Projected ultimate
- **blank1 info sec1**: 96,000
Yankee

The term "**Yankee**" (sometimes shortened to "**Yank**") has many different meanings, but all of them refer to people from the United States. Outside the country, "Yank" is used to refer to any American, including Southerners.

Within the Southern United States, "Yankee" is a name that refers, often in a mean way, to all Northerners or specifically to those from New England. The _Oxford English Dictionary_ states that the term is "a nickname for a person from New England, or, more widely, of the northern States generally." During the American Civil War, it was "used by the Confederates to the soldiers of the Federal army"

Elsewhere in the United States, it often refers to people from the Northeast, especially those with New England cultural ties. That would include people, wherever they live, who have colonial New England settler ancestors.

## Other websites

- Online Etymology Dictionary
- Wordorigins.org
Plymouth Congregational Church (Lawrence, Kansas)

**Plymouth Congregational Church of Lawrence, Kansas** is church that was created in 1854, months after the Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement. The present-day church building was built in 1870, and it is on the National Register of Historic Places.

The architect was John G. Haskell. He designed the Kansas State Capitol.

## History

The Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement by the Kansas–Nebraska Act on May 30, 1854. Reverend Samuel Y. Lum of Middletown, New York was sent by the American Home Missionary Society to create a church in the Kansas Territory. This would become the first church in the entire territory. Before he came, sermons were given by laymen. The first service of Plymouth Congregational Church was held by Lum on October 1, 1854 in a mudbrick boarding house. Settlers who had come from New England came to the service.

Reverend Richard Cordley became a pastor in 1857. This was when the people moved into its first permanent building, called the "Stone Church." Though the building was not completed until 1862. Cordley was an abolitionist and was a free-stater. During the American Civil War, some members were killed by pro-Confederate soldiers in the Lawrence Massacre of 1863. Cordley's home was burned, but the church building was not hurt.

### The Brick Church

The present-day building, also called "The Brick Church," was designed by architect John G. Haskell. Haskell also worked on other churches, schools, and the Kansas State Courthouse. Construction started in 1868. It was finished in May 1870. it costed $45,000. The windows were made in England. Services have been held regularly in the building since 1870.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 2, 2009. The building's architectural style is described as a Victorian-era church building with Gothic and Romanesque Revival characteristics.

## Famous members

- Alan Mulally – The president of the Ford Motor Company said Rev. Dale Turner was "a mentor and an inspiration."

## Other websites

- Plymouth Congregational Church website
- _The Lawrence Massacre_ by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1865)
- _A History of Lawrence, Kansas_ by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1895)
- _Pioneer Days in Kansas_ by Richard Cordley, D.D. (1903)

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **name**: Plymouth Congregational Church
- **image**: Plymouth Church LawrenceKS.JPG
- **caption**: The church in 2011
- **location**: Lawrence, Kansas
- **locmapin**: Kansas
- **map width**: 162
- **built**: 1868-1870
- **architect**: John G. Haskell
- **architecture**: Victorian architecture, Victorian with Gothic architecture, Gothic and Romanesque Revival architecture, Romanesque Revival characteristics
- **added**: September 2, 2009
- **refnum**: 09000674
Achille, Oklahoma

**Achille** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2026 census, the town population was 429.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Achille, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **pushpin map**: Oklahoma#USA
- **pushpin label position**: top
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Bryan County, Oklahoma, Bryan
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.15
- **area land km2**: 1.15
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.45
- **area land sq mi**: 0.45
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 398
- **population density km2**: 344.97
- **population density sq mi**: 894.38
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 669
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74720
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-00100
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412332
Adair, Oklahoma

**Adair** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Adair, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: AdairOklahomaFarm.jpg
- **image caption**: A farm in Adair, Oklahoma
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Adair.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Adair, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Mayes County, Oklahoma, Mayes
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 12.73
- **area land km2**: 12.73
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 4.92
- **area land sq mi**: 4.92
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 732
- **population density km2**: 57.50
- **population density sq mi**: 148.93
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 679
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74330
- **area codes**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-00250
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412333
Addington, Oklahoma

**Addington** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Addington, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Addington.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Addington, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jefferson County, Oklahoma, Jefferson
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 0.61
- **area land km2**: 0.61
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.24
- **area land sq mi**: 0.24
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 83
- **population density km2**: 135.31
- **population density sq mi**: 350.21
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 951
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 73520
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-00450
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412334
Agra, Oklahoma

**Agra** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Agra, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Agra.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Agra, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Lincoln County, Oklahoma, Lincoln
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.02
- **area land km2**: 1.02
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.39
- **area land sq mi**: 0.39
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 311
- **population density km2**: 305.27
- **population density sq mi**: 791.35
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1027
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74824
- **area codes**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-00700
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412338
Albion, Oklahoma

**Albion** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Albion, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Albion.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Albion, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Pushmataha County, Oklahoma, Pushmataha
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 0.62
- **area land km2**: 0.61
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.24
- **area land sq mi**: 0.24
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 58
- **population density km2**: 94.96
- **population density sq mi**: 245.76
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 663
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74521
- **area codes**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01050
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412344
Alderson, Oklahoma

**Alderson** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Alderson
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Alderson.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Alderson, Oklahoma
- **pushpin map**: Oklahoma#USA#North America
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Pittsburg County, Oklahoma, Pittsburg
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.51
- **area land km2**: 1.51
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.58
- **area land sq mi**: 0.58
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 220
- **population density km2**: 145.51
- **population density sq mi**: 376.71
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 692
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74522
- **area codes**: area codes 539 and 918, 539/918
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01150
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412346
Alex, Oklahoma

**Alex** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Alex, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Alex.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Alex, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Grady County, Oklahoma, Grady
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 17.22
- **area land km2**: 17.22
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 6.65
- **area land sq mi**: 6.65
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 482
- **population density km2**: 28.00
- **population density sq mi**: 72.51
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1020
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 73002
- **area code**: Area code 405, 405
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01250
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412347
Allen, Oklahoma

**Allen** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Allen, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **pushpin map**: USA Oklahoma
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Allen, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Hughes County, Oklahoma, Hughes, Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, Pontotoc
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 2.43
- **area land km2**: 2.43
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.94
- **area land sq mi**: 0.94
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 805
- **population density km2**: 330.64
- **population density sq mi**: 856.38
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 866
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 74825
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01400
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412349
Amber, Oklahoma

**Amber** is a town in the state of Oklahoma in the United States.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Amber, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Amber.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Amber, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Grady County, Oklahoma, Grady
- **area total km2**: 10.23
- **area land km2**: 10.23
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 3.95
- **area land sq mi**: 3.95
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 413
- **population density km2**: 40.38
- **population density sq mi**: 104.58
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1257
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 73004
- **area code**: Area code 405, 405
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01900
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412360
- **unit pref**: Imperial
Ames, Oklahoma

**Ames** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Ames, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-Ames.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Ames, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Major County, Oklahoma, Major
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 0.72
- **area land km2**: 0.72
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.28
- **area land sq mi**: 0.28
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 193
- **population density km2**: 267.72
- **population density sq mi**: 694.24
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1211
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 73718
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-01950
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2412361
Cleo Springs, Oklahoma

**Cleo Springs** is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Cleo Springs, Oklahoma
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image map**: OKMap-doton-CleoSprings.PNG
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Cleo Springs, Oklahoma
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Oklahoma
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Oklahoma, County
- **subdivision name2**: Major County, Oklahoma, Major
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 1.43
- **area land km2**: 1.43
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 0.55
- **area land sq mi**: 0.55
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 287
- **population density km2**: 200.53
- **population density sq mi**: 518.99
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1276
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 73729
- **area code**: Area code 580, 580
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 40-15300
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2413213
Chêne-Bourg

**Chêne-Bourg** is a municipality in the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website of Chêne-Bourg

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Chêne-Bourg
- **municipality name**: Chêne-Bourg
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **image photo**: GareChêneBourg2011.jpg
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Chêne-Bourg COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Chêne-Bourg.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Geneva
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GE
- **district**: n.a.
- **postal code**: 1225
- **municipality code**: 6613
- **area**: 1.28
- **elevation**: 426
- **website**: www.chene-bourg.ch
- **mayor**: Beatriz de Candolle
- **mayor title**: Maire
- **demonym**: Chênois/Chênoise
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chêne-Bougeries, Thônex, Vandœuvres
Fort Rouge (fortification)

**Fort Rouge** is the former name of the city of Winnipeg in Manitoba, Canada. Its exact location is unknown. Its name in English means "red fort".
Ruanruan language

**Ruanruan** (; also called **Rouran**) is an extinct language of Mongolia and northern China. It was spoken in the Rouran Khaganate from the 4th to the 6th centuries CE.

Most linguists argue it is likely a Mongolic or Turkic language but some say Ruanruan may be a Yeniseian language.

In 2018, _Brāhmī Bugut_ and _Khüis Tolgoi_ inscriptions suggest that the Ruanruan language was a Mongolic language, close to Middle Mongolian.
Heqin

**Heqin** means **marriage alliance.** The term is used in Chinese history. An emperor would marry one of his princesses to his enemy. In return they would have peace with the enemy. It did not always work, and many people hated it.

## Infobox (chinese)

- **w**: Ho-ch‘in
- **p**: Héqīn
Eurasian Steppe

The **Eurasian Steppe** (or Ya'ou Steppe; 亚欧草原) is a steppe ecoregion (a huge stretch of grasslands) in north Eurasia. It stretches from Eastern Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, to Mongolia and north China. It is south of Siberia.

For most of history, nomads lived and wandered there on horseback. The horse may have came from the steppe, around Kazakhstan. With the horses the steppe was a highway that moved people from China to Europe. For this reason it became important for the Silk Road.

The steppe has been ruled by many empires. Examples are the Altaic people, Chinese, Slavic people, and Central Asians: including the Xiongnu, Scythians, Han dynasty, Xianbei, Sogdians, Turkic Khaganate, Khazars, Tang Dynasty, Mongol Empire, Russian Empire, and Qing dynasty.
Otuken

**Ötüken** was the capital of the Turkic Khaganate. Otugan was around Mongolia and Central Asia on the Khangan Plateau. Ötüken probably stretched "from the Khangai Range of Central Mongolia to the Sayan Mountains of Tuva <nowiki/>[Siberia], at the centre of which is the Orkhon Valley". which for centuries was regarded as the seat of the imperial power of the steppes.

It was also an important place in Turkic mythology and Tengrism. Otukan means Mother Earth.
Chu River

The **Chu** (or **Shu,** from Chinese:  _chǔ_) is a river in northern Kyrgyzstan and southern Kazakhstan. It is 1067 km long and is one of the longest rivers in Central Asia, a landlocked region. They are the homeplace of the Dungan people, who moved there during the Qing dynasty.
Lake Balqash

**Lake Balkhash** (, ) is located in Kazakhstan. It is one of the largest lakes in Asia and 15th largest in the world (en).

It belongs to a Central Asian endorheic basin shared by Kazakhstan, China, and Kyrgyzstan. Water moves from the basin to Balqash via seven rivers. The most important one is the Ili River. Water in the Ili River comes from melted snow from the mountains of China's Xinjiang.

The name of Lake Balkhash is the word balkaš, which in Turkic languages means “swampy area” (or marshland).

## History

The first Europeans to receive information about the lake were William of Rubruk (en) and Pian del Carpine (en) in the 13th century.

In 1886, Russian researcher Ivan Mushketov (en) wrote the book “Turkestan”, in which he wrote all the known information about Lake Balkhash.

In 1903-1904, the Russian Geographical Society (en) explored the lake, the leader of the study was Lev Berg (en).

## Geography

Lake Balkhash is a large, closed, and slightly saline lake. It is located in the arid (dry) zone of Central Asia on
southeast of Kazakhstan.

Saryesik peninsula,
located in the middle of the lake divides it into two parts that are different from each other.

Its length is 605 km, its width varies from 9 to 19 km in the east
parts and up to 74 km - in the western.

The lake borders four
regions: Almaty Region, the southeastern part of
Karaganda Region, southwestern part of East Kazakhstan Region and
eastern - Zhambyl Region, as well as the northwestern part of the province
Xinjiang of China.

**Climate**

The climate in the lake area is semi-desert. The average temperature in July is about 24 °C (75.2 °F), in January about -8 °C. Precipitation averages 120 mm per year. Relative air humidity is 55-60%.

The average annual wind speed is about 4.5-4.8 meters per second. The surface water temperature ranges from 0 °C (32 °F) in December to 28 °C (82.4 °F) in July; at depth it changes little (temperature difference is no more than 3.3 °C). The lake freezes every year; the ice usually lasts from November to March-April.

## Infobox (body of water)

- **name**: Lake Balkhash
 Балқаш Көлі
Озеро Балхаш
- **image**: STS039-085-00E_Lake_Balkhash,_Kazakhstan_April_1991.jpg
- **caption**: View from Space, April 1991
- **image bathymetry**: Lakebalkhashbasinmap.png
- **caption bathymetry**: Map of the Lake Balkhash drainage basin
- **location**: Kazakhstan
- **type**: Endorheic, Salinity, Saline
- **inflow**: Ili River, Ili, Karatal River, Karatal, Aksu River (Kazakhstan), Aksu, Lepsy River, Lepsy, Byan River, Byan, Kapal River, Kapal, Koksu River, Koksu rivers
- **outflow**: _evaporation_
- **basin countries**: 85%
 15%
- **width**: East
West
- **islands**: 43
- **cities**: Balkhash (city), Balkhash, Priozersk (:en:Priozersk, Kazakhstan, en), Saryshaghan (:en:Saryshaghan, en), Shashubai
- **frozen**: November to March
Expressways of Singapore

The **expressways of Singapore** are:
- East Coast Parkway
- Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway
- Central Expressway
- Pan Island Expressway
- Marina Coastal Expressway
- Tampines Expressway
- Ayer Rajah Expressway
- Seletar Expressway
- Kranji Expressway
- Bukit Timah Expressway
Pentium 4

**Pentium 4** is a seventh generation single core Microprocessor of x86 architecture (32-bit), manufactured by Intel. Its first complete redesign CPU (called NetBurst) since the processor Pentium Pro, released in 1995. Compared to the Pentium II, Pentium III and Celeron processors, its architecture is little similar to the Pentium Pro/P6 processor design. The NetBurst microarchitecture contains a very deep instruction pipeline to be able to achieve very high frequencies. The Pentium 4 was known for being inefficient and producing a large amount of heat. Because of this, Intel introduced the Core 2 in 2006. Intel stopped making the Pentium 4 in 2008.
Lee-Enfield

**The Lee-Enfield** is a series of bolt-action rifles that was used by the British Armed Forces. It was the main British rifle for the first half of the 20th century, and was used until the end of the century.

While it was not as powerful as rifles used by other countries during both World War I and World War II, it was well-known for holding a lot of bullets and for having a very high rate of fire.

The Lee-Enfield can be loaded with two magazines of five British .303 bullets, allowing for the shooter to have up to ten bullets in the rifle at a time.

Even though bolt-action rifles tend to fire much more slowly than semi-automatic or fully automatic weapons, the Lee-Enfield can fire almost as fast as a semi-automatic rifle if the shooter is well-trained with the weapon. This is because the rifle's bolt needs very little movement to eject and load the rifle.
Mosin-Nagant

The **Mosin-Nagant** is a series of bolt-action rifles used by the Russian Empire and later the Soviet Union. It was their main rifle throughout the Russo-Japanese War, World War I and World War II. After World War II, it was replaced by the SKS rifle. It was also commonly used by the USSR's allies during the Cold War, and it is still used today by some smaller militaries. It is also popular with civilians due to its cheap price. It is the most produced bolt-action rifle of all-time. More than 37 million Mosin-Nagants were made.

It holds up five 7.62 x 54mmR bullets, which is still used by Russian machine guns and sniper rifles today.

It was the rifle used by Vasily Zaytsev, a Soviet World War II sniper and one of the deadliest snipers of all time.
7.62×54mmR

The **7.62×54mmR** round is a bullet used for Russian guns. It is used for guns like the Mosin–Nagant rifle, the SVD rifle, and the PK machine gun.
Bai people

The **Baizu** (Bai language: 白和; ; literally: **white people**) are East Asian. They are one of the 56 ethnic groups of China. In 2010 their population was 1,933,510. They live mostly in Yunnan.
Tubo

**Tubo** (, Tibetan: བོད་ཆེན་པོ, bod chen po), also called the **Tibetan Empire**, existed from the 7th to 9th centuries. Its first king was Songtsen Gampo. Its second king was Mangsong Mangzan. It controlled the Tibetan Plateau as well as parts of Central Asia and South Asia. They came after the Zhangzhung people, who practiced the Bon religion. The Tibetan empire combined Buddhism with the native Bon religion, and created Tibetan Buddhism. Gampo also helped invent the Tibetan alphabet during this time.

## Infobox (country)

- **native name**:
_Bod chen po _
- **conventional long name**: Tubo (吐蕃、大蕃国)
- **common name**: Tibet
- **image map**: Tibetan empire greatest extent 780s-790s CE.png
- **image map caption**: Map of the Tibetan empire at its greatest extent between the 780s and the 790s
- **event start**: Founded by Emperor Songtsen Gampo
- **year start**: 618
- **event end**: Death of Langdarma
- **year end**: 842
- **p1**: Zhangzhung
- **s1**: Era of Fragmentation
- **s2**: Guiyi Circuit
- **s3**: Qocho
- **image flag**: Tibetan snow leopard.svg
- **flag type**: Flag of Tibet
- **capital**: Lhasa
- **common languages**: Tibetan language
- **religion**: Tibetan Buddhism, Bön
- **government type**: Monarchy
- **leader1**: Songtsen Gampo <small>(first)</small>
- **year leader1**: 618–650
- **leader2**: Trisong Detsen
- **year leader2**: 756–797
- **leader3**: Ralpacan
- **year leader3**: 815–838
- **leader4**: Langdarma <small>(last)</small>
- **year leader4**: 838–842
- **title leader**: _List of emperors of Tibet, Tsenpo_ (Emperor)
- **representative1**: Gar Tongtsen Yülsung
- **year representative1**: 652–667
- **representative2**: Gar Trinring Tsendro
- **year representative2**: 685–699
- **representative3**: Nganlam Takdra Lukhong
- **year representative3**: 782?–783
- **representative4**: Nanam Shang Gyaltsen Lhanang
- **year representative4**: 783–796
- **title representative**: _List of Lönchen of Tibetan Empire, Lönchen_ (Chief Minister)
- **deputy1**: Nyang Tingngezin Sangpo (first)
- **year deputy1**: 798–?
- **deputy2**: Dranga Palkye Yongten (last)
- **year deputy2**: ?–838
- **title deputy**: _Banchenpo_ (Chief Monk)
- **stat year1**: 800 est.
- **stat area1**: 4600000
- **today**: China
India
Nepal
Pakistan