Eswatini

**Eswatini** (or **Swaziland**) is a country in Africa. It is officially the **Kingdom of eSwatini** (_Umbuso weSwatini_). It was called **Swaziland** until April 2018.

## Overview

The capital of Eswatini is Mbabane. The country is named after the 19th-century king Mswati II. ESwatini was colonized by the British and the Boers at the end of the 19th century.
Eswatini is a small country. It is no more than  north to south and  east to west. It is completely surrounded by land. ESwatini does not touch the sea. The two countries that touch it are Mozambique and South Africa. The country's two largest cities are the administrative capital Mbabane and the economic center Manzini. The seat of government is Lobamba.

On 19 April 2018, the King of eSwatini Mswati III announced that the Kingdom of Swaziland had renamed itself the Kingdom of eSwatini. Part of the reason was that the old name sounded too similar to Switzerland.

## Health

ESwatini is strongly affected by HIV and AIDS. The 2012 CIA World Factbook showed Swaziland with the highest HIV infection rate in the world. Life expectancy is 50 years.

## Education

Education in eSwatini is free at primary level, mainly 1st and 2nd grades.  It is also free for orphaned and vulnerable children.  Children are not required to attend. In 1996, the primary school enrollment rate was 90.8%. Girls and boys both attended at the primary level. In 1998, 80.5% of children reached grade five.

The University of eSwatini provides higher education.

## Demographics

Most of eSwatini’s people are ethnically Swazi.  There is also a small number of Zulu and white Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.  eSwatini also has some Portuguese settlers and African refugees from Mozambique.

82.70% of the people are Christian. Christianity in eSwatini is sometimes mixed with traditional beliefs and practices.  Some people think of the king as having a spiritual role. ESwatini also has a small Muslim minority.

Swazi have been subsistence farmers and herders.  They now mix such activities with work in the growing urban economy and in government. Some Swazi work in the mines in South Africa.

_SiSwati_ and English are the official languages.  SiSwati has 2.5 million speakers and is taught in schools.  It is also one of the official languages of South Africa.

About 76,000 people in the country speak Zulu. Tsonga is spoken by about 19,000 people in Swaziland. Afrikaans is also spoken by some residents of Afrikaner descent.

## Districts

ESwatini is divided into four districts:
- Hhohho
- Lubombo
- Manzini
- Shiselweni

## Cities

The cities in eSwatini are:
|Rank|City|Census 1986|Census 1997|Calc.  2005|District|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1.|Manzini|46,058|78,734|110,537|Manzini|
|2.|Mbabane|38,290|57,992|76,218|Hhohho|
|3.|Big Bend|9,676|9,374|10,342|Lubombo|
|4.|Malkerns|4,830|7,400|9,724|Manzini|
|5.|Nhlangano|4,107|6,540|9,016|Shiselweni|
|6.|Mhlume|6,509|7,661|8,652|Lubombo|
|7.|Hluti|n.a.|5,806|6,763|Shiselweni|
|8.|Simunye|8,762|5,633|6,512|Lubombo|
|9.|Siteki|2,271|4,157|6,152|Lubombo|
|10.|Piggs Peak|3,223|4,581|5,750|Hhohho|
|11.|Lobamba|n.a.|3,625|4,557|Manzini|
|12.|Ngomane|n.a.|3,902|4,511|Lubombo|
|13.|Vuvulane|n.a.|3,594|4,155|Lubombo|
|14.|Mpaka|1,007|2,144|3,586|Lubombo|
|15.|Kwaluseni|n.a.|2,701|3,395|Manzini|
|16.|Bhunya|3,361|2,650|3,046|Manzini|
|17.|Mhlambanyatsi|2,075|2,553|2,886|Manzini|
|18.|Mondi|2,886|2,703|2,872|Hhohho|
|19.|Tabankulu|4,651|2,551|2,815|Lubombo|
|20.|Hlatikulu|1,276|2,076|2,748|Shiselweni|
|21.|Bulembu|4,850|2,443|2,260|Hhohho|
|22.|Kubuta|n.a.|1,750|2,038|Shiselweni|
|23.|Tjaneni|3,682|2,250|1,899|Lubombo|
|24.|Sidvokodvo|1,339|1,528|1,746|Manzini|
|25.|Lavumisa|850|1,117|1,300|Shiselweni|
|26.|Ngwenya|445|842|1,281|Hhohho|
|27.|Nsoko|2,868|963|1,175|Lubombo|
|28.|Mankayane|913|1,040|1,144|Manzini|

## Other websites

- Online Information about Swaziland

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Kingdom of Eswatini
- **common name**: Eswatini
- **image flag**: Flag of Eswatini.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
- **national motto**:

- **national anthem**:

<div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center"></div>
- **image map**: Location Eswatini AU Africa.svg
- **image map2**: Eswatini.png
- **largest city**: Mbabane
- **official languages**: English language, English
- **languages type**: National language
- **languages**: Swazi language, Swazi
- **demonym**: Swazi
- **government type**: Unitary state, Unitary Parliamentary system, parliamentary Absolute monarchy, absolute diarchy
- **leader title1**: Ngwenyama
- **leader name1**: Mswati III
- **leader title3**: List of Prime Ministers of Eswatini, Prime Minister
- **leader name3**: Russell Dlamini
- **legislature**: Parliament of Eswatini, Parliament
- **upper house**: Senate of Eswatini, Senate
- **lower house**: House of Assembly of Eswatini, House of Assembly
- **sovereignty type**: Independence from the United Kingdom
- **established event1**: Granted
- **established date1**: 6 September 1968
- **established event2**: United Nations Security Council Resolution 257, United Nations membership
- **established date2**: 24 September 1968
- **established event3**: Constitution of Swaziland, Current constitution
- **established date3**: 2005
- **area km2**: 17,364
- **area rank**: 153rd
- **area sq mi**: 6,704
- **percent water**: 0.9
- **population census**: 1,093,238
- **population estimate rank**: 155th
- **population census year**: 2017
- **population density km2**: 68.2
- **population density sq mi**: 176.8
- **population density rank**: 135th
- **gdp ppp**: $12.293 billion
- **gdp ppp year**: 2019
- **gdp ppp per capita**: $11,089
- **gdp nominal**: $4.662 billion
- **gdp nominal year**: 2019
- **gdp nominal per capita**: $4,206
- **gini**: 49.5
- **gini year**: 2015
- **gini change**: decrease
- **hdi**: 0.611
- **hdi year**: 2019
- **hdi change**: increase
- **hdi rank**: 138th
- **time zone**: South African Standard Time, SAST
- **utc offset**: +2
- **drives on**: Right- and left-hand traffic, left
- **calling code**: +268
- **cctld**: .sz