juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Pink Panther 2

***The Pink Panther 2*** is a comedy movie released in 2009. It is the sequel to the movie _The Pink Panther_. In this movie, Inspector Jacques Clouseau (Steve Martin) is assigned to catch a burglar called "The Tornado". The Tornado has stolen the famous Pink Panther Diamond.

This movie also stars Kevin Kline, Beyoncé Knowles, and Jean Reno.

## Cast

- Steve Martin as Inspector Jacques Clouseau
- Jean Reno as Gendarme Gilbert Ponton
- Alfred Molina as Chief Inspector Randall Pepperidge
- Emily Mortimer as Nicole Nuveau Durant
- Aishwarya Rai Bachchan as Sonia Solandres
- Andy García as Inspector Vicenzo Roccara Squarcialupi Brancaleone
- Yuki Matsuzaki as Kenji Mazuto
- Lily Tomlin as Yvette Berenger
- John Cleese as Chief Inspector Charles Dreyfus

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Pink Panther 2
- **director**: Harald Zwart
- **producer**: Robert Simonds
- **screenplay**: Scott Neustadter
Michael H. Weber
Steve Martin
- **story**: Scott Neustadter
Michael H. Weber
- **starring**: Steve Martin
Jean Reno
Alfred Molina
Emily Mortimer
Aishwarya Rai Bachchan
Andy García
Lily Tomlin
John Cleese
Johnny Hallyday
Jeremy Irons
- **music**: Christophe Beck
Henry Mancini <small>(The Pink Panther Theme, Theme)</small>
- **cinematography**: Denis Crossan
- **editing**: Julia Wong (film editor), Julia Wong
- **studio**: Robert Simonds, Robert Simonds Productions
- **distributor**: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Columbia Pictures
- **runtime**: 92 minutes
- **country**: United States
France
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $70 million
- **gross**: $75,946,615
Boston National Historical Park

The **Boston National Historical Park**  (est. October 1, 1974) is a group of eight sites in Boston, Massachusetts associated with the American Revolutionary War: the Bunker Hill Monument; Charlestown Navy Yard; Dorchester Heights; Faneuil Hall; Old North Church; Old South Meeting House; Old State House; and the Paul Revere House.
Organolithium reagent

**Organolithium** compounds contain a direct bond between a carbon atom and a lithium atom. They are an important class of organometallic compound. The bonding between the carbon and lithium is highly polar due to the difference in electronegativity between these atoms, which effectively makes the carbon negatively charged and capable of acting as a strong base or nucleophile. These compounds are similar to Grignard reagents, but are much more reactive. Organolithium reagents such as butyllithium are widely commercially available. Due to their highly reactive nature, they must be handled under a protective atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon as they will catch fire in air.
Bieler Braderie

The **Braderie** (, ) is a festival celebrated every year in Biel, Switzerland at the end of June. In 2013, the festival will start on 28 June and end on 30 June.

## Location

The main part of the festival takes place between the train station Biel and the Nidaugasse. There are over 100 stalls every year, which sell different things. The shops in Biel usually do their sales in this week, because many people are in the streets during the festival. A stage is set up in the front of the Apollo Cinema. Bands and singers present their music on this stage. The Braderie is known for a lot of famous Swiss stars, for example, Stress, DJ Antoine and Pegasus.

## History

The Braderie began in 1936. Since 1930 and the big economic crisis, the people of Biel were searching for a way to improve the economy of Biel. The festival was started by Miggi Tièche and Carlo Schneeberger. The first Braderie was a big success. Originally known simply as a solution for the crisis, the Braderie began to be a part of Biel's calendar. There were three Braderies between 1937 and 1939. During World War II, they had to stop the Braderie. The break ended only in 1947, and then the Braderie started again, and it was known as "Bieler Sommerfest" (Biel Summer Celebration). Because of the long history from the Braderie, it is common today for most of the stores in Biel to make their sales during the Braderie.

## Other websites

- Official website
- General information
Alba Quezada

**Alba Quezada** (born **Alba Pilar Fuenzalida Figueroa** on August 28, 1985 in Chillán) is a Chilean model and television presenter.

### Television

|Year|Title|Role|Channel|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
||_Infieles_||Chilevisión|
|2008-2011|_Teatro en CHV_ (5 episodes) # _No me toques el territorio_ (2008) # _Todo por un caño_ (2009) # _No estabas muerta, andabas de parranda_ (2009) # _El chamán del cajón_ (2009) # _Necesito Esposa_ (2011)|Aurora (2009)|Chilevisión|
|2011-present|_Rompe, ritmos urbanos_|TV Presenter|Vía X|

## Other websites

- Biographie de Alba Quezada
Begonia

***Begonia*** is a genus of perennial flowering plants. The genus contains about 1,400 different plant species. Begonias are found in moist subtropical and tropical climates. Some species are often grown indoors as houseplants.
Ingrid Cruz

**Ingrid Elena Cruz Toro** (born 1 July 1975 in Antofagasta) is a Chilean actress.

### Cinema

|colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;"|Movies|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2003|_El Nominado_|Inés|Gabriel López|
|2013|_VideoClub_|Wanda|Pablo Illanes|
|_Barrio Universitario_||Esteban Vidal||
|''El vuelo del Manutara||||

#### Telenovelas

|colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;"|Telenovelas||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1998|_Marparaíso_|Sofía Carrasco|Canal 13||
|1999|_Cerro Alegre_|Karina Astudillo|Canal 13||
|2001|_Corazón Pirata_|Cynthia Cáceres|Canal 13||
|2003|_Machos_|Belén Cruchaga|rowspan="2"|Canal 13|
|2004|_Hippie_|Catalina Villalobos|||
|2005|_Brujas_|Gretel Schmidt|rowspan="4"|Canal 13|
|2006|_Descarado_|Caroline Martínez|||
|2007-2008|_Lola_|Grace Fernández|||
|2009|_Cuenta Conmigo_|Lídia Peña|||
|2011|_Esperanza_|Beatriz Solovera|rowspan="3"|TVN|
|2012|_Reserva de Familia_|Ema Ruiz-Tagle|||
|2013|_Los Carmona_|Isabel Durán|||
Lucía Hiriart

**María Lucía Hiriart Rodríguez** (10 December 1923 – 16 December 2021), also known as **Lucía Hiriart de Pinochet**, was the wife of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet. She was First Lady of Chile from 1973 to 1990. She was born in Antofagasta, Chile.

On 30 December 2018, Hiriart was hospitalized after falling at her home in Santiago de Chile. She fractured her arm and multiple ribs.

Hiriart died in Santiago de Chile on 16 December 2021 from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by heart disease, six days after her 98th birthday.

## Other websites

- Analysis of her arrest

## Infobox (first lady)

- **name**: Lucía Hiriart
- **image name**: Lucia Hiriart.jpg
- **caption**: Hiriart c. 1974
- **office**: First Lady of Chile
- **president**: Augusto Pinochet
- **term label**: In role
- **term start**: 17 December 1974
- **term end**: 11 March 1990
- **predecessor**: Hortensia Bussi
- **successor**: Leonor Oyarzún
- **birth place**: Antofagasta, Chile
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **birthname**: María Lucía Hiriart Rodríguez
- **nationality**: Chilean
- **children**: 5, including Lucía Pinochet, Inés Lucía Pinochet
Carolina Mestrovic

**Carolina Verónica Mestrovic Moroni** (born 20 July 1991, in Arica) is a Chilean singer, actress and television presenter.

#### Participante

|Year|Title|Channel|
| --- | --- | --- |
|2008|_Rojo, El valor del talent_|Televisión Nacional de Chile|
|2008—2011|_Yingo_|Chilevisión|
|2012|_Fiebre de Baile: Famosos en peligro_|Chilevisión|

#### Hostess

|Year|Title|Channel||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="2"|2012|_Yingo_|Chilevisión|
|_El Rey del Show_|Chilevisión|||
|2013|_54º Festival de Viña del Mar_|align="center"|Chilevisión|

### Telenovelas

|Year|Title|Role|Channel||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan=2|2010|_Amor Virtual_|Trinidad Ferreira|Chilevisión|
|_Don diablo_|Malena Malebrán|Chilevisión|||
|2012|_Gordis_|Linda Sepúlveda|Chilevisión||
|2013|_Graduados_|Sofía Matic|Chilevisión||

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Carolina Mestrovic
- **image**: Carolina Mestrovic (31240775342) (cropped).jpg
- **birth name**: Carolina Verónica Mestrovic Moroni
- **birth place**: Arica, Chile
- **occupation**: Actress, singer, television presenter
- **years active**: 2003–present
- **spouse**: Johnathan Quintana
- **domesticpartner**: :es:Mario Velasco, Mario Velasco
- **children**: Julieta Velasco Mestrovic
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 3

***Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 3*** is the third season of _Britain's Next Top Model_. This cycle includes 12 contestants. The winner was 18-year-old Lauren McAvoy.

## Contestants

(_ages stated are at time of contest_)

|Contestant|Age|Hometown|Outcome|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Dani Lawrence|20|Durham, England|Eliminated in Episode 1|
|Krystal Hancock|22|South Wales, Wales|Eliminated in Episode 2|
|Abigail Galatia|19|Cornwall, England|Eliminated in Episode 3|
|Natalie Nwagbo|22|London, England|Eliminated in Episode 4|
|Holly Alexander|19|Glasgow, Scotland|Eliminated in Episode 5|
|Carly Thompson|18|Plymouth, England|Eliminated in Episode 6|
|Sherece Campbell|24|Sheffield, England|Eliminated in Episode 7|
|Lucy Bennett|20|Cheltenham, England|Eliminated in Episode 8|
|Stefanie Webber|20|Chelsea, England|Eliminated in Episode 9|
|Rebecca White|19|Manchester, England|Eliminated in Episode 10|
|Louise Watts|20|Essex, England|Runner-up|
|Lauren McAvoy|20|Wickford, Essex, England|**Winner**|

## Prizes

- A modeling contract with Models 1
- A contarct with Ruby & Millie Cosmetics
- A cover and spread in _Company_ Magazine

## Episodes

1.
- Best: Lucy Benett
- Worst: Abigail Galatia & Dani Lawrence
- Eliminated: Dani Lawrence

2.
- Best: Rebecca White
- Worst: Krystal Hancok & Carly Thompson
- Eliminated: Krystal Hancok

3.
- Best: Louise Watts
- Worst: Stefanie Webber & Abigail  Galatia
- Eliminated: Abigail Galatia

4.
- Best: Carly Thompson
- Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Natalie Nwagbo
- Eliminated: Natalie Nwagbo

5.
- Best: Stefanie Webber
- Worst: Holly Alexander Richie & Carly Thompson
- Eliminated: Holly Alexander Richie

6.
- Best: Rebecca White
- Worst: Louise Watts & Carly Thompson
- Eliminated: Carly Thompson

7.
- Best: Louise Watts
- Worst: Stefanie Webber & Sherece Champell
- Eliminated: Sherece Champell

8.
- Best: Rebecca White
- Worst: Lucy Benett & Louise Watts
- Eliminated: Lucy Benett

9.
- Best: Louise Watts
- Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Stefanie Webber
- Eliminated: Stefanie Webber

10.
- Best: Louise Watts
- Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Rebecca White
- Eliminated: Rebecca White

- Final Two: Lauren McAvoy & Louise Watts
- Winner: Lauren McAvoy
Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model (series 7)

***Britain's & Ireland's Next Topmodel, Cycle 7*** is the seventh season of _Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model_. Tis cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner was 20-year-old Jade Thompson from Stoke on Trent, England.

## Contestants

_(ages stated are at time of contest)_

|Contestant|Age|Hometown|Outcome||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Kimberleigh Spreadbury|20|Surrey, England|rowspan=2|12th/13th|
|Joanne Northey|19|Greystones, Ireland|||
|Ufuoma Itoje|20|London, England|11th||
|Hannah Devane|21|Dublin, Ireland|10th||
|Holly Higgins|23|Cardiff, Wales|rowspan=2|8th/9th|
|Amy Woodman|22|Norwich, England|||
|Tanya Mihailovic|23|Birmingham, England|rowspan=2|6th/7th|
|Stacey Haskins|19|Belfast, Northern Ireland|||
|Jessica Abidde|23|London, England|5th||
|Imogen Leaver|19|Southend-on-Sea, England|rowspan=2|3rd/4th|
|Anastasija Bogatirijova|19|Reading, England|||
|Justė Juozapaitytė|20|London, England|Runner-Up||
|Jade Thompson|20|Stoke on Trent, England|**Winner**||

## Prizes

- A modeling contract with Models 1
- A spread & cover in _Company_ Magazine
- A £100,000 contract with _Revlon_ Cosmetics
- An international campaign with Miss Selfridge
- A new Peugeot RCZ

## Episodes

1.-4.
_casting episodes_

5.
- Best: Holly Higgins
- Worst: Anastasija Bogatirijova, Joanne Northey & Kimberleigh Spreadbury
- Eliminated: Joanne Northey & Kimberleigh Spreadbury

6.
- Best: Jessica Abbide
- Worst: Stacey Haskins & Ufuoma Itoje
- Eliminated: Ufuoma Itoje

7.
- Best: Jade Thompson
- Worst: Hannah Devane & Amy Woodman
- Eliminated: Hannah Devane

8.
- Best: Anastasija Bogatirijova
- Worst: Amy Woodman, Holly Higgins & Jade Thompson
- Eliminated: Amy Woodman & Holly Higgins

9.
- Best: Jade Thompson
- Worst: Tanya Mihalovic, Stacey Haskins & Imogen Leaver
- Eliminated: Tanya Mihalovic & Stacey Haskins

10.
_recap episode_

11.
- Best: Justė Juozapaitytė
- Worst: Jessica Abbide & Anastasija Bogatirijova
- Eliminated: Jessica Abbide

12.
- Best: Justė Juozapaitytė & Jade Thompson
- Eliminated: Anastasija Bogatirijova & Imogen Leaver

13.
- Final Two: Justė Juozapaitytė & Jade Thompson
- Winner: Jade Thompson

## Infobox (reality competition season)

- **num contestants**: 13
- **winner**: Jade Thompson


## Infobox (television season)

- **season number**: 7
- **bgcolour**: lavender
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Cycle 7 contestants
- **country**: United Kingdom
Ireland
- **num episodes**: 13
- **network**: Sky Living
- **prev season**: Britain's Next Top Model (cycle 6), Cycle 6
- **next season**: Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model (cycle 8), Cycle 8
- **episode list**: Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model#Cycles, Series summary
Anglo-Zulu War

The **Anglo-Zulu War** was a war fought from 1879 to 1887 between the Zulu people and the British Empire. There was no declaration of war. The war was fought in South Africa, mostly. The Zulu were victorious at first, and won the Battle of Isandlwana. Later their luck turned, and the British Empire won the Battle of Ulundi. The Zulu lost the war, and the Zulu Kingdom ceased to exist as an independent state. Today, the area is part of South Africa, and is called KwaZulu-Natal.
Amanda Bresnan

**Amanda Bresnan** (born 4 December 1971) is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. Bresnan was elected to the ACT Legislative Assembly from the electorate of Brindabella in the 2008 election. She was defeated at the 2012 election

## Early life and education

Bresnan grew up in Brisbane. She studied at Griffith University. Bresnan entered the ACT Government's Graduate Program and later became a senior policy officer in ACT Health. She went on to become policy manager for the Consumers’ Health Forum of Australia and the director of policy at the Mental Health Council of Australia.

## Political career

Bresnan ran for election for the electorate of Molonglo in the Australian Capital Territory general election in 2004. She did not win in the multi-member electorate. However, the Greens' main candidate, Deb Foskey, was elected.

In the 2007, Bresnan ran for the House of Representatives seat of Canberra.  In June 2008, the ACT Greens said that Bresnan would stand for election in Brindabella.

## Parliamentary career

Bresnan main interest dealth with Health, Mental Health, Transport, Disability, Housing, Ageing, Multicultural Affairs, Industrial Relations and Corrections. She is also the ACT Greens' Party Whip.

## Other websites

- Amanda Bresnan: Official Website and Newsfeed
- Amanda Bresnan: Parliamentary Website and Information
- Amanda Bresnan's Inaugural Speech

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Amanda Bresnan
- **honorific-suffix**: MLA
- **image**: Amanda Bresnan MLA ACT Greens.jpg
- **caption**: Amanda Bresnan MLA ACT Greens Member for Brindabella
- **office**: Member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly, ACT Legislative Assembly
- **constituency**: Brindabella electorate, Brindabella
- **term start**: 18 October 2008
- **term end**: 20 October 2012
- **predecessor**: Karin MacDonald
- **successor**: Andrew Wall
- **nationality**: Australian
- **party**: ACT Greens
- **alma mater**: Griffith University
- **occupation**: Politician
- **website**: http://www.act.greens.org.au
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 5

***Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 5*** is the fifth season of _Britain's Next Top Model_. This cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner 19-year-old was Mecia Simson from Plymouth, England.

## Contestants

_(ages stated are at time of contest)_

|Contestant|Age|Hometown|Outcome||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Lisa-Ann Hillman|20|Newquay, England|13th||
|Lauren Wee|21|Northern Ireland|12th||
|Kasey Wynter|23|London, England|rowspan="2"|10th/11th|
|Chloe Cummings|18|Liverpool, England|||
|Madeleine Wheatley|18|Farnham, England|9th||
|Hayley Buchanan|21|Glasgow, Scotland|8th||
|Annaliese Dayes|22|London, England|7th||
|Daisy Payne|22|London, England|6th||
|Viola Szekely|18|Surrey, England|5th||
|Ashley Brown|20|Livingston, Scotland|4th||
|Jade McSorley|20|Middlesbrough, England|3rd||
|Sophie Sumner|18|Oxford, England|Runner-up||
|Mecia Simson|19|Plymouth, England|**Winner**||

## Prizes

- A modeling contract with Models 1
- A campaign with Max Factor
- A spread & cover in _Company_ Magazine

## Episodes

1.
- Best: Mecia Simson
- Worst: Rebecca Ball, Ashley Brown, & Nell Naberro
- Eliminated: Rebecca Ball & Nell Naberro

2.
- Best: Kasey Wynter
- Worst: Lisa-Ann Hillman & Sophie Sumner
- Eliminated: Lisa-Ann Hillman

3.
- Best: Kasey Wynter
- Worst: Ashley Brown & Chloe Cummings
- Eliminated: None

4.
- Best: Sophie Sumner
- Worst: Kasey Wynter & Lauren Wee
- Eliminated: Lauren Wee

5.
- Best: Jade McSorley
- Worst: Chloe Cummings & Kasey Wynter
- Eliminated: Chloe Cummings & Kasey Wynter

6.
- Best/Immune: Daisy Payne
- Worst: Madeleine Wheatley & Annaliese Dayes
- Eliminated: Madeleine Wheatley

7.
- Best: Jade McSorley
- Worst: Hayley Buchanan & Daisy Payne
- Eliminated: Hayley Buchanan

8.
- Best: Mecia Simson
- Worst: Sophie Sumner & Annaliese Dayes
- Eliminated: Annaliese Dayes

9.
- Best: Jade McSorley
- Worst: Ashley Brown & Daisy Payne
- Eliminated: Daisy Payne

10.
- Best: Sophie Sumner
- Worst: Ashley Brown & Viola Szekely
- Eliminated: Viola Szekely

11.
- Best: Jade McSorley
- Worst: Ashley Brown & Mecia Simson
- Eliminated: Ashley Brown

12.
- Final Three: Jade McSorley, Mecia Simson & Sophie Sumner
- Eliminated: Jade McSorley

13.
- Final Two: Sophie Sumner & Mecia Simson
- Winner: Mecia Simson
Queen Liliʻuokalani

**Queen Liliʻuokalani** (September 2, 1838-November 11, 1917) was the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii.  She was well educated and traveled widely.  She married John Owen Dominis on September 16, 1862.  He became the Governor of Oahu and Maui.  The couple had no children. She was an accomplished musician. "Aloha ʻOe" is her best-known composition.

In 1891, Liliʻuokalani became Queen of Hawaii when her brother, the king, died.  In 1893, she wanted a new constitution.  This caused the American minister in Hawaii great concern. American soldiers took over the ʻIolani Palace and other government buildings. In 1894, they removed Queen Liliʻuokalani as queen.  The United States set up a provisional government. It became the Republic of Hawaii.

The Hawaiian people were on the side of their Queen. President Grover Cleveland offered to return the throne if she granted amnesty to all involved in the takeover of her kingdom.  She refused, but then changed her mind and agreed. She was denied her reinstatement by the Provisional Government.  On July 4, 1894, the Republic of Hawaii began. Liliʻuokalani died on November 11, 1917 following a stroke.

## References

- National Women's History Museum: Queen Liliʻuokalani

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Queen Liliʻuokalani
- **image**: Liliuokalani in 1908.jpg
- **caption**: Liliʻuokalani in 1908
- **coronation**: January 17, 1891
- **birth date**: September 2, 1838
- **birth place**: Oahu
Couleur

**Couleur** (from French, in English _colour_, or in American English _color_) is the word which is used for the headgear and ribbons worn by members of some Central European student societies (Studentenverbindungen).

## Further reading

- Peter Krause: _O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum_, Graz, Wien, Köln 1979 (German),
- Peter Krause: _O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum_, 5. verb. Auflage, Graz, Wien, Köln 1997 (German),
- Paulgerhard Gladen: _Gaudeamus igitur - Die studentischen Verbindungen einst und jetzt_, Köln 2001 (German),
- Edgar Hunger / Curt Meyer: _Studentisches Brauchtum_, Bonn, Stuttgart 1958 (German)
Zirkel (Studentenverbindung)

A **Zirkel** is a symbol used in Central European student societies (Studentenverbindungen).

## Look and meaning

A _Zirkel_ consists of interwined lines, mostly followed by an exclamation mark. The lines mostly show the first letters of the name of the _Studentenverbindung_ and/or the letters v, c, f or e, f, v.

- Examples

Meaning of v-c-f:
- _Vivant fratres coniuncti_ ("the joined brothers should live") or
- _Vivat circulus fratrum_ ("the circle of brothers should live") or
- _Vivat, crescat, floreat_ ("live, grow, flourish").

Meaning of e-f-v:
- _Ehre, Freiheit, Vaterland_ ("Honour, Freedom, Fatherland").

The meaning of the exclamation mark is not quite clear.

## Using

The members of the _Studentenverbindung_ use the _Zirkel_ as sign on Couleur or other things (such as beer glasses, etc). If a member signs in affairs of its _Studentenverbindung_ it places the _Zirkel_ after its signature. This use is similar to the use of postnominals in Anglo-Saxon countries.

- Examples

## Further reading

- Peter Krause: _O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum_, Graz, Wien, Köln 1979 (German),
- Peter Krause: _O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum_, 5. verb. Auflage, Graz, Wien, Köln 1997 (German),
- Paulgerhard Gladen: _Gaudeamus igitur - Die studentischen Verbindungen einst und jetzt_, Köln 2001 (German)
- Edgar Hunger / Curt Meyer: _Studentisches Brauchtum_, Bonn, Stuttgart 1958 (German)
Zirkel

**Zirkel** may refer to:

- Ferdinand Zirkel (1838–1912), German geologist and petrographer
- USS _Zirkel_ (ID-3407), a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919
- Zirkel (Studentenverbindung), a symbol used in European Studentenverbindungen
- Albert Zirkel (1885–?), American wrestler who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics
- Mount Zirkel
- Dorsum Zirkel, a wrinkle ridge in Mare Imbrium on the Moon. It is 193 km long and was named after Ferdinand Zirkel in 1976
Masha Rasputina

**Masha Rasputina** (, born _Alla Ageeva_, 13 May 1965, Urop, Belovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast) is a Russian pop singer. She is known for her over-the-top, husky vocal style, fiery stage persona and flamboyant image.

Rasputina has been married twice. She has two daughters, Lidia Yermakova and Maria Zakharova (born 8 September 2000).

### Albums

- Городская сумасшедшая (_A Town's Mad Girl_, 1991)
- Я родилась в Сибири (_I Was Born in Siberia_, 1993)
- Синий понедельничек (_Blue Monday_, 1994)
- Я была на Венере (_I Visited Venus_, 1995)
- Ты меня не буди (_Don't Wake Me Up_, 1999)
- Поцелуй меня при всех (_Kiss Me in Public_, 2000)
- Живи, страна! (_Live, My Country_, 2001)
- Роза чайная (_Rose Tea Room_, 2003)
- Маша Распутина. The Best (_The Best of Masha Rasputina_, compilation, 2008)

## Other websites

- Оfficial site
- Fan site
- persona.rin.ru: Маша Распутина
- all-biography.ru Маша Распутина
- shalala.ru Маша Распутина

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Masha Rasputina

- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Alla Ageeva
- **origin**: Kemerovo, Russia
- **instrument**: Singing
- **genre**: Russian pop, Traditional pop
- **occupation**: Singer, actress
- **years active**: 1989–present
- **associated acts**: Philipp Kirkorov
- **website**: [http://www.masharasputina.com/ www.masharasputina.com]
Alla Pugacheva

**Alla Borisovna Pugacheva** (, or **Pugachova**, ), born 15 April 1949), is а Russian singer. She has a "clear mezzosoprano and a full display of sincere emotions". She is the most successful Soviet and Russian performer in terms of record sales and popularity. She became a Meritorious Artist of the Russian SFSR in 1980, People's Artist of the Russian SFSR in 1985 and People's Artist of the USSR in 1991. She is the mother of actress and singer, Kristina Orbakaitė.

## Other websites

- Alla Pugacheva fan club
- Russian Music on the net: Info on Alla Pugacheva with lyrics translated to English
- Videos of Alla Pugacheva's Concert in Kremlin
- Alla Pugacheva on YouTube

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Alla Pugacheva
- **native name**: Алла Пугачёва
- **native name lang**: ru
- **image**: Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R0428-0022, Berlin, Palast der Republik, Ala Pugatschowa.jpg
- **caption**: Alla Pugacheva in Berlin, 28 April 1976
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Alla Borisovna Pugacheva
- **birth place**: Moscow, RSFSR, Soviet Union
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop, Russian pop, Traditional pop, Soviet music
- **occupation**: Singer, composer, actress
- **years active**: 1965– present
- **label**: Melodiya, World Record Music
- **associated acts**: Valery Leontiev, Philipp Kirkorov, Kristina Orbakaitė, Maxim Galkin, Igor Nikolayev, Vladimir Kuzmin, Udo Lindenberg
Jorge Drexler

**Jorge Drexler** (born **Jorge Abner Drexler Prada**; 21 September 1964) is an Uruguayan musician, actor, and doctor.

In 2004, Drexler become the first Uruguayan ever to win an Academy Award.  He won for composing the song "Al Otro Lado del Río" from _The Motorcycle Diaries_.

## Discography

- _La luz que sabe robar_ (Ayui, 1992)
- _Radar_ (Ayui, 1994)
- _Vaivén_ (Virgin, 1996)
- _Llueve_ (Virgin, 1997)
- _Frontera_ (Virgin, 1999)
- _Sea_ (Virgin, 2001)
- _Eco_ (Dro, 2004)
- _Eco<sup>2</sup>_ (includes 3 _bonus tracks_ + DVD) (Dro, 2005)
- _12 Segundos de Oscuridad_ (2006)
- _La Edad del Cielo (iTunes release)_ (2007)
- _Cara B_(2008)
- _Amar la Trama_ (2010)

## Other websites

- Jorge Drexler's official site
- Jorge Drexler's Official Label Site - Free music online

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Jorge Drexler
- **image**: Jorge Drexler 2010.jpg
- **caption**: Drexler performing in Santiago, Chile on September 25, 2010.
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Jorge Abner Drexler Prada
- **birth place**: Montevideo, Uruguay
- **origin**: Uruguay
- **genre**: Latin pop
- **website**: [http://www.jorgedrexler.com Official site]
Aloha ʻOe

"**Aloha ʻOe**" (_Farewell to Thee_) is a song by Queen Lili'uokalani, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii. It was written in 1878. The song tells of a farewell between two lovers.

## References

- Aloha Oe
2012–13 UEFA Champions League

The **2012–13 UEFA Champions League** was the 58th season of Europe's top club football competition organized by UEFA. It was the 21st season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the **UEFA Champions League**.

The final match took place at Wembley Stadium in London, England, to celebrate the 150th anniversary of England's Football Association. Bayern Munich won the final by beating Borussia Dortmund 2–1 with a late goal from Arjen Robben. It was Bayern's 10th final, their first European Cup title in 12 years, and their fifth overall. This was also the first final featuring two German teams and the fourth final with teams from the same association.

Chelsea, the previous champions, were eliminated in the group stage which was a first for title holders. However, they went on to win the 2013 UEFA Europa League, becoming the first team to hold both the Europa League and Champions League titles at the same time.

### Round of 16

|}

### Quarter Finals

|}

### Semi Finals

|}

### Final

The final was played on 25 May 2013 at Wembley Stadium in London, England.

### Hat-tricks

|Player|For|Against|Result|Date|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Cristiano Ronaldo|Real Madrid|Ajax|4-1 (A)|3 October 2012|
|Roberto Soldado|Valencia|BATE Borisov|3-0 (A)|23 October 2012|
|Claudio Pizarro|Bayern Munich|Lille|6-1 (H)|7 November 2012|
|Luiz Adriano|Shakhtar Donetsk|Nordsjælland|5-2 (A)|20 November 2012|
|Rui Pedro|CFR Cluj|Braga|3-1 (H)|20 November 2012|
|Robert Lewandowski<sup>4</sup>|Borussia Dortmund|Real Madrid|4-1 (H)|24 April 2013|
<sup>4</sup><small>Player scored four goals.</small>

## Infobox (international football competition)

- **tourney name**: UEFA Champions League
- **year**: 2012–13
- **dates**: 18 September 2012 – 25 May 2013
- **num teams**: 32 (group stage)
76 (total)
- **champion other**: FC Bayern Munich, Bayern Munich
- **count**: 5
- **second other**: Borussia Dortmund
- **matches**: 124
- **goals**: 365
- **attendance**: 5526358
- **top scorer**: Cristiano Ronaldo
<small>(12 goals)</small>
- **prevseason**: 2011–12 UEFA Champions League, 2011–12
- **nextseason**: 2013–14 UEFA Champions League, 2013–14
2011–12 UEFA Champions League

The **2011–12 UEFA Champions League** was the 57th **UEFA Champions League**. The champions were Chelsea. No third place match was played, as usual, but the teams defeated in the semi-finals were Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. FC Barcelona was the defending champions, but they were eliminated in the semi finals.

FC Bayern Munich defeated Real Madrid 3-3 (penalties) in aggregate. FC Barcelona were defeated by Chelsea 3-2 in aggregate.

Chelsea defeated FC Bayern Munich 1-1 (4-3 with penalties).

### Round of 16

|}

### Quarter-finals

|}

### Semi-finals

|}

### Hat-tricks

|Player|For|Against|Result|Date|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Mario Gómez|Bayern Munich|Napoli|3-2 (H)|2 November 2011|
|Roberto Soldado|Valencia|Genk|7-0 (H)|23 November 2011|
|Lionel Messi|Barcelona|Viktoria Plzeň|4-0 (A)|23 November 2011|
|Bafétimbi Gomis<sup>4</sup>|Lyon|Dinamo Zagreb|7-1 (A)|7 December 2011|
|Lionel Messi<sup>5</sup>|Barcelona|Bayer Leverkusen|7-1 (H)|7 March 2012|
|Mario Gómez<sup>4</sup>|Bayern Munich|Basel|7-0 (H)|13 March 2012|
<sup>4</sup><small>Player scored four goals.</small>
<sup>5</sup><small>Player scored five goals.</small>

## Infobox (international football competition)

- **tourney name**: UEFA Champions League
- **year**: 2011–12
- **dates**: 13 September 2011 – 19 May 2012
- **num teams**: 32 (group stage)
76 (total)
- **champion other**: Chelsea F.C., Chelsea
- **count**: 1
- **second other**: FC Bayern Munich, Bayern Munich
- **matches**: 125
- **goals**: 345
- **top scorer**: Lionel Messi
<small>(14 goals)</small>
- **player**: Andrés Iniesta
- **prevseason**: 2010–11 UEFA Champions League, 2010–11
- **nextseason**: 2012–13 UEFA Champions League, 2012–13
Sofía Castro

**Angélica Sofía Castro Rivera** (born October 30, 1994 in Mexico City) is a Mexican actress and model. Her step-father is the current President of Mexico and her mother is an actress.

### Telenovelas

|Year|Title|Role|Network|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2003|_Alegrijes y rebujos_|Nina|Televisa|
|2010|_Teresa_|Sofía|Televisa|
|2011-2012|_Esperanza del corazón_|Eglantina|Televisa|
|2012|_Cachito de cielo_|Sofía Salvatierra|Televisa|

### TV Series

|Year|Title|Role|Network|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2012|_Como dice el dicho_|Julia / Pilar|Televisa|

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sofía Castro
- **image**: Sofía Castro Rivera en 2018.jpg
- **caption**: Castro in 2018
- **birth name**: Angélica Sofía Castro Rivera
- **birth place**: Mexico City, Mexico
- **nationality**: Mexican
- **years active**: 2010–present
- **mother**: Angélica Rivera
- **father**: José Alberto Castro
Mike Gray

**Michael "Mike" Gray** (October 26, 1935 – April 30, 2013) was an American writer, screenwriter, activist, cinematographer, movie producer and director. He was known for making many documentaries about drugs and war. He was also the screenwriter for _Star Trek: The Next Generation_ and _The China Syndrome_ for which he was nominated for an Academy Award.

Gray was born on October 26, 1935 in Darlington, Indiana. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois. Gray studied at Purdue University.

He was married to Carol Gray until his death in 2013. They had one son, Lucas Gray who is a storyboard writer for _The Simpsons_. Gray died from unknown causes in his home in Los Angeles, California, aged 77.

Gray won the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Drama and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, and for the BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay.

## Other websites

- Mike Gray
- Drug Crazy
- Film Group Collection, 1966-1969

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mike Gray
- **birth name**: Michael Gray
- **birth place**: Darlington, Indiana, Darlington, Indiana, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **alma mater**: Purdue University
- **occupation**: Writer, screenwriter, activist, cinematographer, producer, director
- **known for**: _Star Trek: The Next Generation_,
_The China Syndrome_
- **spouse**: Carol Gray (m. ?-2013, his death)
- **children**: Lucas Gray
Ryukyuan languages

The **Ryūkyūan languages** (Okinawan: 琉球口, _Duuchuuguchi_) are a group of Japonic languages spoken in the Ryūkyū Islands, the southernmost part of Japan. The languages are Amami, Kunigami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama and Yonaguni.

Although Japan says the Ryukyuan languages are dialects of Japanese, most linguists see them as languages. This is because Japanese speakers would not be able to understand Ryukyuan without learning it.

In the past, the Ryukyuan languages were spoken all over Ryukyu. Due to the languages being discriminated against, they have become endangered language<nowiki/>s. Most Ryukyuans now speak Japanese.

## History

When a group people called the Yayoi came to Japan, they brought over a language called Proto-Japonic. This language diverged into Japanese and Ryukyuan over time.

## Sound Changes

Japanese and Ryukyuan have different sound changes. For example, Japanese “o” becomes Okinawan “u”. This is why the Japanese word “t**o**” (and) is “t**u**” in Okinawan.

It’s also common for Japanese “k” to become Okinawan “ch”. This causes “O**k**inawa” to become “U**ch**inaa”.

In the Yonaguni language, Japanese “y” becomes “d”. Japanese “**y**ama” (mountain) is “**d**ama” in Yonaguni.

## Language Usage

Most older Ryukyuans can speak a Ryukyuan language, while younger people speak Japanese. Ryukyuan languages are also spoken in Hawaii and South America as many Ryukyuans live there too.

## Further reading

- Sanseido (1997). _言語学大辞典セレクション：日本列島の言語_ (_Selection from the Encyclopædia of Linguistics: The Languages of the Japanese Archipelago_). "琉球列島の言語" (_The Languages of the Ryukyu Islands_).
- Ashworth, D. E. (1975). _A generative study of the inflectional morphophonemics of the Shuri dialect of Ryukyuan_. Thesis (Ph. D.)—Cornell University, 1973.
- Heinrich, Patrick (2004): _Language Planning and Language Ideology in the Ryūkyū Islands_, in: Language Policy 3.2, (2004): 153
- Heinrich, Patrick, Shinsho Miyara, Michinori Shimoji, eds. 2014. _Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages._ Berlin: de Gruyter.
- Serafim, L. A. (1985). Shodon: the prehistory of a Northern Ryukyuan dialect of Japanese. S.l: s.n.
- Shimabukuro, Moriyo. 2007. _The accentual history of the Japanese and Ryukyuan languages: a reconstruction_. Languages of Asia series, v. 2. Folkestone, Kent: Global Oriental.
- Uemura, Yukio, and Wayne P. Lawrence. 2003. _The Ryukyuan language._ Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim (Series), A4-018. Osaka, Japan: ELPR.

## Other websites

- [Ryukyuan language phonetic database

## Infobox (language family)

- **name**: Ryukyuan
- **region**: Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa Prefecture, Amami Islands of Kagoshima Prefecture)
- **ethnicity**: Ryukyuan people
- **familycolor**: Altaic
- **fam1**: Japonic languages, Japonic
- **child1**: Amami language, Amami
- **child2**: Kunigami language, Kunigami
- **child3**: Okinawan language, Okinawan
- **child4**: Miyako language, Miyako
- **child5**: Yaeyama language, Yaeyama
- **child6**: Yonaguni language, Yonaguni
- **glotto**: ryuk1243
- **map**: Location of the Ryukyu Islands.JPG
- **mapcaption**: Location of Ryukyu Islands
Direct election

A **direct election** is an election in which people vote directly for the person, persons or political party that they want to see elected to a political position. The electorate casts their votes directly in an election for candidates of their choice that will represent them either in the executive or legislature without any problem. The opposite is an indirect election, in which the voters elect a group of people who in turn elects the officeholder in question.

Many countries use a mixed system, where some elements are directly elected, and some are not.For example, India where the president is elected indirectly whereas the prime ministr is elected directly

Lok Sabha are known as Members of parliament or members of lok sabha. Under the existing political system elections are held on party lines. The party or the combination of parties having the largest number of legislators elect their leader from amongst themselves, who is made the Chief Minister or the Prime Minister as the case may be.
Sony Pictures Studios

The **Sony Pictures Studios** is a television and movie studio complex. It is in Culver City, California. The studio is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment. Many movies and television programs are taped there. They include the television game shows _Wheel of Fortune_ and _Jeopardy!_. It is the home of the movie companies Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures.

## History

The complex started in 1915 as the **Triangle Studios** (1915-1918). It was **Paramount Culver Studios**  from 1918 until 1921. Iy became **Goldwyn Studios** in 1921.  The studio was bought by American movie and television company Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) in 1924. It was renamed as **MGM Studios**. Many well known MGM movies such as _The Wizard of Oz_ and _Singin' in the Rain_ were made there. Between 1927 and 1963, 52 movies were made there each year.

In 1986, MGM sold the studio lot to Lorimar. Sony Pictures Entertainment bought the studio in 1989. They renamed it as the Sony Pictures Studios.

In 2016, it was bought by Pinewood Group, They changed the name to the **Pinewood Studios Hollywood.** At this time, all Sony and Columbia titles are later named after TriStar,

## Daily about Sony Pictures Studios

The complex is open for daily studio tours. It has sixteen different sound stages. These are where the movies and television programs are filmed.

## Other websites

- Sony Pictures Studios website
- Studio Lot History
Erotica (Madonna album)

***Erotica*** is the fifth studio album from American singer Madonna. It was released on October 20, 1992 through Maverick Records. Six singles were released from the album, one being the title song. The album caused strong controversy. It was less successful than earlier albums by Madonna: it peaked at number two in the United States. Other songs were "Deeper and Deeper" and "Bad Girl".
Starving Time

The **Starving Time** at Jamestown in Virginia Colony was a period of starvation during the winter of 1609–1610. During this time, all but 60 of the 500 colonists died. Lack of rain and access to water had crippled the agricultural production during the summer. Also, the water that the colonists drank was brackish and only drinkable half the year.

According to historical accounts, the colonists ate dogs, snakes, cats, rats, horses, books and shoe leather through the winter. There is forensic evidence of at least one instance of cannibalism. The remains of a teenage girl ( 1595–1609), named "Jane" by researchers, showed signs of being butchered (cut up for eating). Examination of Jane's shin bone indicates she was probably 14 years old at the time of her death. Based on studies of the isotopes in a tooth, she was probably from southern England. She was possibly the daughter of a gentleman or a maid in a gentleman's home because she had consumed generous amounts of protein (meat). Jane likely arrived in Virginia in August 1609.

It is almost certain Jane was removed from her grave before being butchered and eaten. She was not murdered. In 1625, George Percy, president of Jamestown during the starvation period, wrote that the hunger was so intense “thatt notheinge was Spared to mainteyne Lyfe and to doe those things which seame incredible, as to digge upp deade corpes outt of graves and to eate them." Five other accounts refer to cannibalism during the bitter winter.

Only 10 percent of Jane's remains have been recovered by researchers. The remains were found about 2.5 feet (0.8 m) down in a trash pit in the cellar of a building built in 1608 inside the James Fort site. Historical accounts indicate cannibalism was widespread at Jamestown during the winter. Modern historians were reluctant to credit these accounts without other evidence. Jane however is the first forensic evidence that confirms the existence of the practice during that winter.

## Other websites

- _New Discoveries at Jamestown_ by John L. Cotter and J. Paul Hudson, (1957) at Project Gutenberg
Robert Sacre

**Robert Sacre** (born June 6, 1989) is an American-Canadian former professional basketball player. He is the current assistant general manager for the Vancouver Bandits of the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL). He played four seasons with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played the center position.

## College

Sacre played college basketball for Gonzaga University from 2007 to 2012.

## NBA career

He was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2nd round with the 60th overall pick in the 2012 NBA Draft.

He made his NBA debut with Lakers on October 31, 2012. He played 49 seconds in a 116-106 loss against the Portland Trail Blazers. He scored his first points for the Lakers on November 4, 2012 in a win against the Detroit Pistons. He made his first NBA start on January 8, 2013 in a loss against the Houston Rockets.

## Personal

He was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana but grew up and played high school basketball in North Vancouver, British Columbia. His father is Greg LaFleur, a former American football tight end that played for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Indianapolis Colts.

## Other websites

- Robert Sacre at NBA.com

## Infobox (nba player)

- **name**: Robert Sacre
- **image**: Robert Sacre vs Washington (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Sacre during his time with the Los Angeles Lakers in 2014
- **years1**: –
- **team1**: Los Angeles Lakers
- **years2**: 2012–2013
- **team2**: →Los Angeles D-Fenders
- **years3**: 2017–2019
- **team3**: Hitachi SunRockers Tokyo-Shibuya
- **number**: 50, 6
- **career position**: Center (basketball), Center
- **birth place**: Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- **height ft**: 7
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 270
- **nationality**: American/Canadian
- **high school**: Handsworth Secondary School
(Vancouver, North Vancouver, British Columbia)
- **college**: Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball, Gonzaga  (2007–2012)
- **draft round**: 2
- **draft pick**: 60
- **draft year**: 2012
- **draft team**: Los Angeles Lakers
- **career start**: 2012
- **career end**: 2019
- **team**: Vancouver Bandits
- **position**: Assistant general manager
- **league**: Canadian Elite Basketball League, CEBL
Armin Meiwes

**Armin Meiwes** (born 1 December 1961) is a German man who is known for an act of cannibalism.

In March 2001, Meiwes, a then 41-year-old bisexual computer technician, placed an advertisement online for a well-built male he could kill and eat. Forty-three year old Bernd-Jurgen Brandes answered the ad later that month. Meiwes took Brandes to his home in Rotenberg. Brandes had sex with Meiwes, then asked Meiwes to cut off his penis. Meiwes did so, then fried the penis, but burned it. Meiwes then killed Brandes with Brandes's consent by stabbing him repeatedly in the neck. He cut the body in pieces and froze pieces for later consumption. Meiwes was arrested in December 2002. He had consumed about 20 kg of Brandes' body. Cannibalism was not illegal in Germany until 2001 when Meiwes killed and ate Brandes. Meiwes was convicted of killing by request and defiling a corpse. The Meiwes case was the first cannibalism case in Germany.

In May 2006, a court sentenced Meiwes to life in prison.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Armin Meiwes
- **birth place**: Essen, West Germany
- **charge**: Murder (previously manslaughter)
- **conviction penalty**: Life imprisonment (previously eight and half years imprisonment)
- **conviction status**: In prison
Nadia Hasnaoui

**Nadia Hasnaoui** (; born 10 June 1963) is a Norwegian television presenter.

Hasnaoui was born in Morocco to a Norwegian mother and Moroccan father. Her maternal grandfather was Nobel Prize winning economist Ragnar Frisch. When she was four years old her parents divorced and she moved to Norway with her mother. In Oslo she attended a strict Catholic French kindergarten and then later a French school until fourth grade. She became a Norwegian citizen at the age of eighteen. In 1991 she married actor Kim Haugen.

## Eurovision

Hasnaoui first became associated with Eurovision in 1992, when she provided the NRK radio commentary for the 1992 Contest.

In 2004, Hasnaoui presented the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2004 in Lillehammer, Norway. Hasnaoui has also presented festivals in Norway such as Melodi Grand Prix Junior.

In 2005 Hasnaoui provided Norwegian commentary on the Fiftieth Anniversary Special alongside former veteran Jahn Teigen.

Hasnaoui presented the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in Bærum in May 2010 with Haddy Jatou N'jie and Erik Solbakken. She also read out the Norwegian votes for the 2011 and 2012 contests.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nadia Hasnaoui
- **image**: Nadia Hasnoui IMG 0254.jpg
- **caption**: Nadia Hasnaoui with Erik Solbakken at the Eurovision Song Contest in Oslo (2010)
- **nationality**: Norway, Norwegian (formerly Morocco, Moroccan)
- **occupation**: Journalist, television presenter
Parker, Colorado

**Parker** is a town in Douglas County, Colorado.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Parker, Colorado
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Parker, Colorado.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Mainstreet in downtown Parker
- **image flag**: Flag of Parker, Colorado.svg
- **image map**: File:Douglas County Colorado Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Parker Highlighted 0857630.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location of Parker in Douglas County, Colorado.
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Colorado
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Colorado, County
- **subdivision name2**: Douglas County, Colorado, Douglas
- **government type**: Colorado municipalities#Home rule municipality, Home rule municipality
- **established title2**: municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date2**: May 1981
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 57.85
- **area total sq mi**: 22.37
- **area land km2**: 57.84
- **area land sq mi**: 22.34
- **area water km2**: 0.02
- **area water sq mi**: 0.01
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 58512
- **population density km2**: 1,043
- **population density sq mi**: 402.7
- **timezone**: Mountain Standard Time, MST
- **utc offset**: -7
- **timezone dst**: MDT
- **utc offset dst**: -6
- **elevation m**: 1789
- **elevation ft**: 5869
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 80134, 80138
- **area code**: Both Area code 303, 303 and Area code 720, 720
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 08-57630
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: [http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:0185051 0185051]
Krumovgrad

**Krumovgrad** is a town in Bulgaria. It is near the Greek border. There are many Turks in Krumovgrad.
Richard LeParmentier

**Richard LeParmentier** (July 16, 1946 – April 15, 2013) was an American-British actor and scriptwriter who is best known for his role as Admiral Motti in _Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope_ (1977) and as police officer Lt. Santino in _Who Framed Roger Rabbit_ (1988).

LeParmentier was born on July 16, 1946 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to British-Irish parents. He studied at Wayne University.

LeParmentier was married to Sarah Douglas from 1981 until they divorced in 1984. LeParmentier died on April 15, 2013 from a heart attack in Austin, Texas, aged 66.

## Other websites

- Richard LeParmentier official website
Human Nature (Michael Jackson song)

"**Human Nature**" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It was written by Steve Porcaro and John Bettis. It was the fifth song from his sixth solo record _Thriller_. "Human Nature" was released on July 3, 1983. It was a moderate hit in America and other countries. This song has been covered, performed and sampled by other musicians.