juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ya'akov Winschel

**Ya'akov Winschel** (1891–1981) was an Israeli doctor and Revisionist Zionist writer.

## Life

Ya'akov Winschel was born in Tiflis, then in the Georgian part of the Russian Empire (1721–1917), to the family of Ze'ev Winschel. As Winschel got older, his family resettled in Baku, Azerbaijan. Winschel did medicine in Munich, Geneva and Dorpat, where he was active in Zionist activism. He later became the founder of the Leumit Health Care Services and received the Jabotinsky Prize for Literature in 1968.
M-Hero

**M-Hero Technology** is a Chinese automobile brand owned by DongFeng Motor Corporation it makes luxury off road electric vehicles.

## History

The M-Hero brand was founded in 2022 and it revealed its first model a full size luxury off road car named the M-Hero 917 in 2023 the chinese name of the brand is **Mengshi** that was inherited from a military vehicle line that is made by Dongfeng and to differentiate M-hero and Dongfeng Mengshi that have simillar names in chinese M-Hero belongs to Dongfeng Motor Group and Dongfeng Mengshi belongs to Dongfeng Motor Corporation.

## Models

- M-Hero 917 (2023–present), full-size SUV
- M-Hero M-Hunter (2024–present), full-size ROV,
- M-Hero M800 (to commence), full-size SUV

## Infobox (chinese)

- **child**: yes
- **s**: 猛士科技
- **p**: Měngshī Kējì
- **order**: st
- **hide**: no
- **altname**: Trading name


## Infobox (company)

- **name**: M-Hero Automotive Technology Co., Ltd.
- **native name**: 东风汽车集团股份有限公司猛士汽车科技公司
- **type**: State-owned Subsidiary
- **industry**: Automotive industry, Automotive
- **area served**: China
- **key people**: Cao Dongjie (CEO)
- **products**: Electric vehicles
Miguel Morayta y Sagrario

**Miguel Morayta y Sagrario** (September 3, 1834 - January 18, 1917) was a Spanish professor of classical history, journalist and republican politician, considered by historians to be a most prominent personality in the Masonic order in the history of Spain.

## Short Biography

He was born in 1834 in Madrid. He became Professor of Spanish and Pangkalahatang Kasaysayan at the _Universidad Central de Madrid_ (Central University of Madrid in Spain, editor of periodicals in Madrid such as _El Eco Universitario_ (1851), _La República Ibérica_ (1869-1870) and _Gente Vieja_ (1902), as well as the director of _La Reforma_ (1868) and _Revista Ibérica_; and published the _La Publicidad de Barcelona_ or _El Popular de Málaga_. Besides those, Miguel Morayta was the professor of José Rizal at the Universidad Central de Madrid. Morayta also founded the organization, _Asociacion Hispano-Filipino_ in Madrid and was a close friend of his student, José Rizal.

He died in his home city in 1917 and was buried in the civil cemetery of Madrid.
**Miguel Morayta y Sagrario** is respected and recognized in the history of the Philippine nation headed for its independence.

## Freemasonry

Morayta held a high position in Freemasonry in Spain, where he united the various _lodges_ by establishing the _Gran Oriente Español_ in 1889, and became its first _Grand Master_. He held this highest office from 1889 to 1901, and became _Sovereign Grand Commander_ of the _Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite_ in Spain.

Filipinos in Spain also entered Freemasonry in Spain in their advocacy towards reforming the administration of the Philippine colony. Among them were the patriots Graciano Lopez Jaena, Galicano Apacible, and the brothers Antonio Luna at Juan Luna, and José Rizal, in lodges named **Solidaridad** (Solidarity) and the radical **Revolucion** (Revolution).

## The Propaganda Movement

Among the colonies of the Spanish Empire, the Philippines in particular, revolutionary sentiments began growing in 1872 after three Catholic priest activists were executed on false accusations.

The mass exodus of Filipino patriots to Spain starting 1872, encouraged a community of _expatriate_ reformers. This community of _Ilustrados_ (enlightened ones), notably the sons and daughters of the wealthy Filipino families developed as a society of intellectuals. Their aim was to seek representation in the legislature of Spain for political reforms in the Philippines. Famous among them are Marcelo H. del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Mariano Ponce, and their noble fellow-Mason (33° degree) Dr. Jose Rizal — and their advisor, the _Sovereign Grand Commander_ **Miguel Morayta y Sagrario** — who collectively published the newspaper, _"La Solidaridad"_ (the Solidarity). The publication inspired what became known as the _Propaganda Movement_ effectively led by Jose Rizal.
Robert P. Reed

**Robert Philip Reed** (born June 11, 1959) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. As of 2024, he is an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Boston in Massachusetts and the president of the television network CatholicTV.

Robert Reed was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on June 11, 1959, to William and Jeanne Reed. He grew up in Swampscott, Massachusetts.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Bishop
- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency, The Most Reverend
- **name**: Robert Philip Reed
- **title**: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston, Auxiliary Bishop of Boston
- **image**: Bishop Robert Reed.jpg
- **church**: Catholic Church
- **archdiocese**: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston, Boston
- **appointed**: June 3, 2016
- **enthroned**: August 24, 2016
- **other post**: Titular Bishop of Sufar
- **ordination**: July 6, 1985
- **consecration**: August 24, 2016
- **consecrated by**: Seán Patrick O'Malley, Arthur Kennedy (bishop), Arthur Kennedy, and Robert Deeley
- **birth place**: Boston, Massachusetts, US
- **motto**: _Iesus sola nobis spes_
(Jesus is our only hope)
Gluteus medius

The **gluteus medius** is a broad muscle. It is one of the three gluteal muscles.

The gluteus medius muscle begins, or "originates," on the outer surface of the ilium between the anterior gluteal line below and the posterior gluteal line above. It also comes from the gluteal aponeurosis, a fascia covering its outer surface.
Noé Murayama

**Noé Murayama Tudón** (July 4, 1930 – August 25, 1997) was a Mexican actor of Japanese descent. He starred in Mexican movies.
Mary Ann Esposito

**Mary Ann Esposito** (born August 3, 1942) is an American chef, cookbook writer (having published over a dozen cookbooks), and the television host of **Ciao Italia with Mary Ann Esposito**, which started in 1989 and is the longest-running television cooking program in America.
Hybrid (band)

**Hybrid** is a British electronic band consisting of Mike and Charlotte Truman.  It was created in 1995 by Mike Truman, Chris Healings, and Lee Mullin.

Their 1999 single, "Finished Symphony" was their first charting release and their debut studio album, _Wide Angle_, was released that year to critical acclaim. Hybrid are considered pioneers of the early electronic genre, and are known for their electronic approach to their production, specifically with the use of electronic sounds. Their second studio album, _Morning Sci-Fi_ (2003), was featured collaborations with Peter Hook and Kirsty Hawkshaw. In 2006, Truman and Healings released their acclaimed third studio album _I Choose Noise_.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Hybrid
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Bristol, England
- **years active**: 1995–present
- **associated acts**: Harry Gregson-Williams, Peter Hook, Way Out West (duo), Way Out West, Julee Cruise, Perry Farrell, Moby, Chrissie Hynde, John Graham (producer), John Graham
- **current members**: * Mike Truman
* Charlotte Truman
- **past members**: *Chris Healings
*Lee Mullin
*Adam Taylor
Tyagaraja

**Tyagaraja** (1767–1847) is one of the greatest composers in the history of Indian classical music, revered as a saint and a musical genius in the Carnatic tradition. Born in Tiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, his full name was Kakarla Tyagabrahmam. He was deeply spiritual and devoted his life to composing, singing, and propagating the teachings of bhakti (devotion) through his music.

## Early Life

Tyagaraja was born into a Telugu-speaking Brahmin family, and his father, Rama Brahmam, was a scholar and musician. He was introduced to music and spiritual literature at a young age, and his family’s devotion to Lord Rama profoundly influenced his life and works. Tyagaraja began composing songs early in life, dedicating them to Lord Rama and reflecting his unwavering devotion.

## Musical Contributions

Tyagaraja is celebrated as one of the Trinity of Carnatic Music, alongside Muthuswami Dikshitar and Syama Sastri. His compositions, numbering over 600, are primarily in Telugu and include kirtanas (devotional songs) and kritis (structured compositions). These works are considered masterpieces, characterized by profound spirituality, lyrical beauty, and intricate musicality.

Some of his most famous compositions include:

- "Endaro Mahanubhavulu" (Raga: Sri) – A panegyric to the great souls who tread the path of devotion.
- "Nagumomu Ganaleni" (Raga: Abheri) – Expressing a devotee’s longing for the divine presence.
- "Jagadananda Karaka" (Raga: Nata) – Celebrating Lord Rama as the source of universal bliss.
Tyagaraja also composed two operas: Prahlada Bhakti Vijayam and Nauka Charitram, which are rich in lyrical and musical depth.

## Philosophy and Devotion

Tyagaraja's works reflect the philosophy of bhakti, emphasizing a personal relationship with God through love, humility, and surrender. His devotion to Lord Rama was so intense that his compositions are seen as expressions of his divine communion. Tyagaraja often depicted the struggles of a devotee seeking liberation and the grace of God.

## Legacy

Tyagaraja’s music continues to inspire and form the foundation of Carnatic music pedagogy and performance. The annual Tyagaraja Aradhana, held in Tiruvaiyaru, Tamil Nadu, commemorates his life and works, drawing musicians and devotees from across the world to perform his compositions.

Through his timeless music, Tyagaraja not only elevated the art of Carnatic music but also left a spiritual legacy that transcends generations. His compositions remain an integral part of Indian culture, celebrated for their ability to evoke deep devotion and joy.
Ledion Liço

**Ledion Liço** ( born June 13, 1986 ) is an Albanian television presenter, producer, singer, and media director. He is best known for hosting the reality TV show _Big Brother VIP Albania_(2024–present). He has worked for many years with network Top Channel Albania as Creative Director and Top Albania Radio as General Director

## Career

Liço started his career in 2005 as the host of TV Show's _Wake Up_ and _Shtojzovallet_. Later, he became known for his work on music and entertainment shows like _Top Fest_ (2007–2016) _Top Awards_ and _Unplugged_ (2006–2008). In 2015, he hosted _Big Brother Albania 8_. He also worked on _The Voice of Albania_ (2011–2017) and _The Voice Kids Albania_ (2016–2018), where he was the executive producer.

Since 2019, Liço has been the Executive Director of Top Channel Films and Top Albania Radio. In 2020, he became the Artistic Director of Top Channel Albania.In 2024, Liço returned to host the third season of _Big Brother VIP Albania_. He was later confirmed as the host for season four. Liço has also worked on music shows like _A.Live.Night_ (2022), _Summer Dance_, and _Heineken Sessions_.

### Television

- _Ethet e së Premtes_ (2002) – contestant
- _Wake UP_ – host, producer
- _Shtojzovallet_ (2005) – host
- _Top Fest_ (2007-2016) – host, also a participant in 2008
- _Unplugged_ (2006-2009) – host
- _The Voice of Albania_ (2012-2015, 2017) – host
- _Top Music Awards_ (2016) – host
- _Voice Kids Albania_ (2018) – host, executive producer
- _Big Brother VIP Albania_ (2024-present) – host

### Radio

- _Wake UP_ – host, producer
- _Heineken Sessions_ (2015) – producer
- _A•Live•Night_ (2022) – producer

## Personal Life

Liço is married to Sara Hoxha, who is a co-owner of Top Media, the parent company of TV station Top Channel Albania. They have three children.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ledion Liço
- **birth place**: Leskovik, Albania
- **occupation**: Presenter,  producer
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **employer**: Top Channel (Artistic Director)
 Top Albania Radio (General Director)
- **notable works**: _Big Brother VIP Albania_, _The Voice of Albania_, _Top Fest_, _Star Top_, _Glamour Awards_, _Albania's Got Talent_
Ernest Walton

**Ernest Walton** was an Irish physicist. Together with John Cockcroft, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics, in 1951. Walton studied Mathematics and experimental physics at Trinity College in Dublin. In 1934, he married Freda Wilson, the daughter of a Methodist priest. They had two sons and two daughters. He was the first to split the atom. He is best known for his work with John Cockcroft to construct one of the earliest types of particle accelerator, the Cockcroft–Walton generator. In experiments performed at Cambridge University in the early 1930s using the generator, Walton and Cockcroft became the first team to use a particle beam to transform one element to another. According to their Nobel Prize citation: "Thus, for the first time, a nuclear transmutation was produced by means entirely under human control".

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **embed**: yes
- **office**: Erasmus Smith's Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy
- **order**: 18th
- **term start**: 1946
- **term end**: 1974
- **predecessor**: Robert Ditchburn
- **successor**: Brian Henderson (academic), Brian Henderson


## Infobox (scientist)

- **image**: Ernest Walton.jpg
- **caption**: Walton in 1951
- **birth name**: Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton
- **birth place**: Dungarvan, County Waterford, Waterford, Ireland
- **death place**: Belfast, Northern Ireland
- **resting place**: Dean's Grange Cemetery, Deansgrange
- **alma mater**: Trinity College Dublin
Trinity College, Cambridge (PhD)
- **known for**: First disintegration of an atomic nucleus by artificially accelerated protons ("splitting the atom")
- **children**: 4
- **fields**: Physics
- **doctoral advisor**: Ernest Rutherford
- **signature**: Ernest Walton signature.svg
Qom Seminary

The **Qom Seminary**  is the largest Islamic seminary (_hawza_) in Iran, established in 1922 by Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi in Qom. It trains Usuli scholars.

## History

Although big Shi'a academies existed in Qom dating back as early as the 10th century CE, the hawza (seminarium) of the city became prominent at the time of the Safavids when Shi'a Islam became the official religion of Iran in the 16th century. The famous teachers of that era included Mulla Sadra and Shaykh Bahai. The modern Qom hawza was revitalized by Abdul Karim Haeri Yazdi and Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi and is barely a century old. There are nearly three hundred thousand clerics in Iran’s seminaries. Alireza Arafi is the director of the Qom seminaries.

The contributions of Mohammad Taqi Bafqi are significant in the establishment of the modern Qom seminary. After relocating to Qom in 1337, Bafqi motivated local scholars, including Abu al-Qasim al-Kabir Qomi, (Sheikh) Mahdi the Philosopher, and Mirza Mohammad Arbab, to create a structured academic institution. However, these scholars believed that the formation of a seminary was contingent upon the arrival of a prominent scholar from outside Qom, given the prevailing circumstances and the mindset of the local populace. Ultimately, through Bafqi's persistence and the efforts of Mirza Mohammad Arbab and Sheikh Mohammad Reza Shariatmadar Sawji, a well-known scholar of that era residing in Qom, Abdul Karim Ha'eri was invited from Arak to establish a formal seminary in the city.
WWE Speed

***WWE Speed*** was an American professional wrestling streaming show made by WWE. The show could only be watched on the social media X. It featured tournaments with matches with time limits that went for 3 minutes or less. The tournament's winner went on to have a match for either the WWE Speed Championship or the WWE Women's Speed Championship. The first episode aired on April 3, 2024. New episodes were available every Wednesday. Matches for the show were filmed on Fridays alongside _SmackDown._

Following the 83rd episode on July 9, 2025, the show was no longer produced. Both the Speed and the Women's Speed Championship were then moved to _NXT_ instead, but are still open to the entire WWE roster, as well as wrestlers from WWE's sister promotion Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA) and partner promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).

### Commentators

|Commentators||Tenure|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Corey Graves|– July 9, 2025||

### Ring announcers

|Ring announcers||Date started|
| --- | --- | --- |
|Mike Rome, Samantha Irvin, and Alicia Taylor|–||
|Lilian Garcia and Alicia Taylor|– July 9, 2025||

## Infobox (television)

- **creator**: Triple H, Paul "Triple H" Levesque
- **presenter**: Corey Graves
- **open theme**: "Conquered It All" by def rebel
(from WWE Music Group)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num episodes**: 83
- **executive producer**: Triple H, Paul "Triple H" Levesque
- **producer**: Pete Dunne
- **camera**: Multiple-camera setup, Multi-camera setup
- **runtime**: 3–5 minutes
- **network**: X (Twitter), X
Allobates marchesianus

The **dull rocket frog** (_Allobates marchesianus_) is a frog.  It lives in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Peru. Scientists think it could also live in Ecuador.

## Home

This frog lives on the ground in forests that have never been cut down and forests that were destroyed and are growing back. Scientists saw the frog between 0 and 800 meters above sea level.

There are many protected parks and protected places where the frog lives.

## Young

The female frog lays her eggs on land. After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out. Fires and human beings change the places where the frog lives. People cut down trees to get wood to build with and to do other things where the forest used to be. In 2007, scientists found the fungus _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_ in an _A. marchesianus_ frog in the Nanay River, but they do not know if the fungal disease chytridiomycosis is a big problem for this frog.
Galilean dialect

The **Galilean** was the form of Jewish Aramaic spoken by people in Galilee during the late Second Temple period, for example at the time of Jesus and the disciples, as distinct from a Judean dialect spoken in Jerusalem.

The Aramaic of Jesus, as recorded in the Gospels, gives various examples of Aramaic phrases. The New Testament notes that the pronunciation of Peter gave him away as a Galilean to the servant girl at the brazier the night of Jesus' trial (see Matthew 26:73 and Mark 14:70).

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Galilean
- **familycolor**: Afro-Asiatic
- **nativename**: <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', SBL Hebrew, David, Narkisim, serif;"></span>
- **region**: Galilee
- **ethnicity**: Galileans
- **era**: Second Temple period
- **fam2**: Semitic languages, Semitic
- **fam3**: Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic
- **fam4**: Northwest Semitic languages, Northwest Semitic
- **fam5**: Aramaic language, Aramaic
- **fam6**: Western Aramaic
- **fam7**: Jewish Palestinian Aramaic
- **script**: Hebrew alphabet
- **isoexception**: dialect
- **ietf**: jpa-u-sd-ilz
Aryan Brotherhood of Texas

The **Aryan Brotherhood of Texas** (ABT) is an American white supremacist and Neo-Nazi gang founded in Texas in 1981. The gang is known for drug trafficking, extortion, and robbery.

ABT is both a street gang and prison gang. They have spread from Texas into the prisons of neighbouring states, particularly New Mexico.

ABT is also known as ***the tip*** and ***ace deuce***. Members sometimes refer to themselves as "_peckerwoods_". Tattoos of a shield with a sword (sometimes incorporating a swastika) are popular.

Aryan Brotherhood of Texas is not connected with the Aryan Brotherhood, another white supremacist prison gang in the United States.

## References

- https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/aryan-brotherhood-texas

https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/aryan-brotherhood-texas
Honolulu (pool)

**Honolulu**, also known as **banks, kisses, and combinations** or **indirect**, is a pocket billiards game. Players must  all shots not in a normal way. To win, you reach a set number of points. The game shares some similarities with other cue sports. It is played on tables and with balls used for pool. It is different as it gives foul points for regular direct shots.

## Rules

Honolulu is played between two competitors or teams. The game is played on a traditional pool table with fifteen . The object of the game is to score eight points. You score points by pocketing balls. In Honolulu,  a ball directly is a foul shot. Points can, however, be scored by completing , ,  or . In addition, players may not play _ kicks_, or kick from cushions into adjacent pockets.

Every shot must be . Before a shot, players have to select both the ball and target pocket. Players may want to  more than one ball on a single shot. All balls called must be correctly potted, or there is no score. At the start of a game, the balls are racked on a pool table's . There are fifteen balls, placed in random order, and a cue ball. On the opening , the player must either call a ball out of the rack and a pocket, or cause two object balls and the cue ball to strike a rail. Not doing so is a foul. Unlike other games of pool, there is no concession of a game after conceding three successive fouls.

As in the similar game of one-pocket, a foul in Honolulu is the loss of a point. This means one ball must be returned to the table. Such  balls are placed on the table as close as possible to the foot spot. They are also as close as possible to any balls already ob that space in the direction of the . If a player has no balls to spot, the penalty is owed, and at the end of the player's next scoring , the requisite number of balls owed are put on the table.

According to the Billiard Congress of America, the governing body for billiards in the United States, Honolulu presents players with "an unending kaleidoscope of strategic and shot-making challenges."
Pascal Laugier

**Pascal Laugier** is a French screenwriter and movie director.

## Other websites

- Pascal Laugier on IMDB
Durex

**Durex** is a brand of condoms and personal lubricant products owned by the British-Dutch company Reckitt Benckiser and currently led by Ben Wilson. It was initially developed in London under the purview of the London Rubber Company and British Latex Products Ltd, where it was manufactured between 1932 and 1994. The London Rubber Company was formed in 1915, and the Durex brand name (**"Durability, reliability, and excellence"**) was launched in 1929, although London Rubber did not begin manufacturing own-brand condoms until 1932, in collaboration with a rubber technology student from Poland named Lucian Lundau. The first book on The London Rubber Company and the history of Durex condoms, written by Jessica Borge, was published in September 2020 by McGill-Queen's University Press.
Play With Caution

***Play with Caution*** is an American weekly half-hour game show that aired on Disney XD television channel block's D|XP. It aired on July 17 during the launch of the D|XP block and aired 4 episodes before being canceled on August 7, 2017, due to declining ratings.

## Synopsis

Two teams, Red and Blue, face off in a video game competition while enduring various physical distractions by the opposing team, including the human piñata, spinning wheel, and electric shocks distractors. The losing team is sent to the 'Pit of Despair' where they receive the infamous and outrageous 'PWC makeover.' Winners take part in a medal ceremony and receive the bragging rights glory of being named 'PWC Champions.'

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Play_With_Caution_Title_Card.webp
- **starring**: Mike Rylander
- **narrator**: Tamara Ryan
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num episodes**: 4
- **runtime**: 30 minutes
- **company**: Aureus///Grex, Blue Ribbon Content
- **network**: DXP
The Attack

**The Attack** was a Twitch web show series, that would be edited as a gaming variety TV series that would air upon the launch of the **D|XP** block on July 31st, 2017, but would be cancelled on September 8th, 2017, due to declining ratings.

The show was initially launched in 2014 after Kevin Pereira left Attack of the Show! on G4, and it was a show based off of said show (which would air for almost the network's entire original life and second incarnation.), which aired from March 28, 2005 to January 23, 2013, and from November 18, 2021, to October 21, 2022 when the G4 network shut down again due to declining ratings that year.

## Synopsis

The show covered a variety of topics, including the day's biggest news, video game news, and viral videos. It was also known for exploring "the darkest corners of the interwebs" and presenting content that some viewers might find disturbing.

## Cancellation

According to Polygon, the show faced challenges and ultimately closed down due to view-botting, a practice that artificially inflated viewer numbers, which is against Twitch's terms of service.

## Infobox (television)

- **name**: The Attack
- **genre**: Gaming variety
- **based on**: The Attack (twitch live show)
- **starring**: Kevin Pereira, Alex Corea
- **country**: United States of America
- **language**: English (USA)
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 21
- **company**: Attack Media
- **first aired**: July 31, 2017
- **last aired**: September 8, 2017
Waypoint Presents

***Waypoint Presents*** is a gaming documentary television series based on the website of the same name that was owned by **VICE** from October 19, 2016 to June 2, 2023.

The show itself premiered on the **D|XP** block from August 16, 2017 to October 5, 2017, before being canceled after 8 episodes due to declining ratings.

## Synopsis

It is a documentary-styled gaming show, that talks about gaming, games, gaming communities, etc.

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Waypoint_Presents_Title_Card.webp
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 8
- **company**: Waypoint Productions
- **network**: DXP
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes

***Gentlemen Prefer Blondes*** is a 1953 American musical comedy film directed by Howard Hawks, produced by Sol C. Siegel, and written by Charles Lederer. The film stars Marilyn Monroe and Jane Russell and is based off of a 1925 novel by Anita Loos. The film's cinematography was done by Harry J. Wild; it was edited by Hugh S. Fowler; and the music was composed by Hoagy Carmichael, Jule Styne, Eliot Daniel, and Lionel Newman. In the film, Monroe performs the song "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" in a pink dress, both of which solidified her presence as an icon and went down in history as two of her defining factors.

## Infobox (film)

- **image**: Gentlemen Prefer Blondes 1953 magazine poster.jpg
- **caption**: A promotional photo for the film
- **director**: Howard Hawks
- **producer**: Sol C. Siegel
- **writer**: Charles Lederer
- **based on**: Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (novel) by Anita Loos
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (stage musical) by Joseph Fields, Loos
- **starring**: Marilyn Monroe
Jane Russell
- **music**: Hoagy Carmichael
Jule Styne
Eliot Daniel
Lionel Newman
- **cinematography**: Harry J. Wild
- **editing**: Hugh S. Fowler
- **distributor**: 20th Century Fox
- **released**: July 1, 1953 (Atlantic City)
July 15, 1953 (New York)
- **runtime**: 91 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **gross**: $5.3 million
Piano Sonata No. 29 (Beethoven)

Ludwig van Beethoven's **Piano Sonata No. 29 in B-flat major** (also called the **_Hammerklavier**),_ Op. 106, is a piece of music for solo piano. It was written in 1817 and published in 1818. The sonata was dedicated to Archduke Rudolf.

The sonata is 40 to 45 minutes long, the longest of Beethoven's piano sonatas.

## Form

The sonata has four movements:

## Infobox (musical composition)

- **name**: Piano Sonata No. 29
- **composer**: Ludwig van Beethoven
- **image**: Ludwig Van Beethoven LCCN2003663903.jpg
- **caption**: Beethoven in 1818–19; portrait by
- **other name**: _Hammerklavier_
- **opus**: 106
- **key**: B-flat major
- **composed**: 1817
- **published**: 1818
- **movements**: 4
- **duration**: About 40–45 minutes
Emma Marrone

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Emma (Oct 2023) (cropped).png
- **birth name**: Emmanuela Marrone
- **alias**: Emma Marrone
- **birth place**: Florence, Italy
- **caption**: Emma in October 2023
- **years active**: 2003-present
- **origin**: Aradeo, Italy
Florentino Torres

Si **Florentino Torres** — _Florentino Torres y Santos_ (October 16, 1844 – April 29, 1927) — was the first Secretary of the Department of Justice of the Philippines.

Subsequently, he assumed office as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines mula 1901 hanggang 1920, but he resigned because he was passed over to replace the retired Chief Justice Cayetano Arellano, even if he was the next oldest senior in office.

## Legacy

The **Florentino Torres High Scool** in Tondo, Manila was named after Torres in 1930. Similarly, the old _Calle Almansa_  in the district of Santa Cruz, Manila was renamed **Florentino Torres Street** by Manila's City Council.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Honorable
- **name**: Florentino Torres
- **image**: Florentino Torres y Santos.jpg
- **birth name**: Florentino Torres y Santos
- **birth place**: :en:Santa Cruz, Manila, Santa Cruz, Manila, :en:Captaincy General of the Philippines, Captaincy General of the Philippines
- **death place**: Manila, :en:Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, Philippines
- **spouse**: Sabina Vergara
- **children**: Manuel <small>(eldest)</small>, :en:Luis P. Torres, Luis, <small>(_Associate Justice_ of the Supreme Court)</small>, :en:Antonio C. Torres, Antonio <small>(former Chief of Police of Manila)</small>, Pilar, Alejandra and Rosita
- **office**: :en:Secretary of Justice (Philippines), _Secretary_ of the :en:Department of Justice (Philippines), Department of Justice (Philippines)
- **termstart**: May 29, 1899
- **termend**: June 4, 1901
- **office2**: 3rd Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
- **term start2**: June 17, 1901
- **term end2**: April 20, 1920
- **appointer**: William McKinley
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force

The **Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force**, officially known as the **Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Air and Space Force** (**IRGCASF**; acronymed in Persian as **NEHSA**), is the strategic missile, air, and space force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). It was renamed from the IRGC Air Force to the IRGC Aerospace Force in 2009.

## Infobox (military unit)

- **unit name**: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force
- **native name**: نیروی هوافضای سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی
- **type**: Strategic Missile Forces, Strategic missile force, air force, space force
- **role**: Strategic deterrence, aerial warfare, anti-aircraft warfare, space warfare
- **size**: ≈15,000 (2020)
- **command structure**: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
- **garrison**: Tehran
- **commander1**: Brigadier General Amir Ali Hajizadeh
- **commander2**: Brigadier General Ali Jafarabadi
- **commander2 label**: Commander of the Space Command
- **identification symbol**:
- **identification symbol label**: Military aircraft insignia, Roundel
- **identification symbol 2**:
- **identification symbol 2 label**: Fin flash
- **identification symbol 3**:
- **identification symbol 3 label**: Ceremonial flag
- **aircraft attack**: Sukhoi Su-17, Su-22M4/UM3K,
  Chengdu J-7, Chengdu F-7Ms
- **aircraft helicopter**: Mi-17
- **aircraft trainer**: Embraer EMB 312 Tucano, MFI-17 Mushshak
- **aircraft transport**: Il-76, An-74, Harbin Y-12, Falcon 20
Parmish Verma

**Parmish Verma** (born 3 July 1990) is an Indian singer, rapper, music video director, videographer and actor associated with the Punjabi Music and Punjabi cinema. He started his career as a video director then singer, and later debuted as an actor with the film _Rocky Mental_.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **origin**: Punjab, India


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Parmish Verma
- **birth name**: Parmish Verma
- **birth place**: Patiala, Punjab, India, Punjab, India
- **years active**: 2009–present
- **children**: 1
Osaka Popstar

**Osaka Popstar**  is a punk rock supergroup. They were formed in 2006 by New Yorker John Cafiero. In 2006, Cafiero teamed up with several well known punk rock artists to create the anime based punk group, Osaka Popstar. They released their debut album/DVD on May 23, 2006. Their lyrics consist of topics such as characters in Japanese anime like Astroboy and Sailor Moon.
Minas Gerais road crash

The **Minas Gerais road crash** was a road crash in Lajinha on 21 December 2024. It was located near the district of Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil, on the BR-116 highway.

A passenger bus going on the BR-116 highway from São Paulo to Bahia had a tire problem, causing it to lose control and collide with an oncoming B-double truck at around 4 a.m. local time.

A passenger bus, a car and a B-double road train were in the accident. At least 38 people died.

## References

- The Guardian
Alfred Hütter

**Alfred Hütter** was an Austrian radio journalist. He played a key role in helping the programming of the Ö3 programme, Die Musicbox.

## Other websites

- Discogs
Hadamar killing centre

The **Hadamar killing centre** was a Nazi concentration camp. Between January 1941 and March 1945, around 14,500 persons with disabilities were murdered in a gas chamber, by lethal injections, and by intentional starvation. It was located in Hadamar in central Hesse, Germany.
2028 United States presidential election

The **2028 United States presidential election** will be the 61st quadrennial presidential election. The election will be held on Tuesday, November 7, 2028, along with other state and federal elections. It will be the last presidential election to use population information from the 2020 census. Voters will elect a president and vice president to a four-year term. The winners of the election will be inaugurated on January 20, 2029.

## Infobox (election)

- **election name**: 2028 United States presidential election
- **country**: United States
- **type**: presidential
- **ongoing**: yes
- **previous election**: 2024 United States presidential election
- **previous year**: 2024
- **next election**: 2032 United States presidential election
- **next year**: _2032_
- **election date**: November 7, 2028
- **votes for election**: 538 members of the United States Electoral College, Electoral College
- **needed votes**: 270 electoral
- **party1**: Republican Party (United States)
- **party2**: Democratic Party (United States)
- **map caption**: 2028 electoral map, based on the results of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census.
- **title**: President
- **before election**: Donald Trump
- **before party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **map image**: 2028ElectoralCollege.svg
Roger Bart

**Roger Bart** (born September 29, 1962) is an American actor and singer. He won a Tony Award and a Drama Desk Award for his performance as Snoopy in the 1999 revival of _You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown_.

He received his second Tony Award nomination for playing Carmen Ghia in the original production of _The Producers_ and his third for his performance as "Doc" Brown in _Back to the Future: The Musical_.
Andes Chocolate Mints

**Andes Chocolate Mints** are small rectangular candies. The crème de menthe variety consists of one mint-green layer sandwiched in between two cocoa based chocolate flavored layers. They were first launched in 1950. They are produced by Tootsie Roll Industries and made in Delavan, Wisconsin.
Large language model

A **large language model** (**LLM**) is a type of artificial intelligence that can understand and create human language. These models learn by studying huge amounts of text from books, websites, and other sources.

## How they work

LLMs work by finding patterns in language. They learn grammar, facts, and how words relate to each other by looking at billions of examples. The most powerful LLMs use a special design called "transformer," which helps them process large amounts of text quickly.

### Limitations

While LLMs are powerful, they can make mistakes. They sometimes include biases from their training data, and they can produce incorrect information. They learn from existing text rather than having true understanding like humans do.

## History

Before 2017, language models were much simpler. The big change came when Google created the "transformer" design, which made language models much more powerful.

Important developments include:
- 2018: BERT was released, which helped computers better understand language
- 2019: GPT-2 was created but was considered so powerful that its creators worried about misuse
- 2022: ChatGPT was released and became very popular with the public
- 2023: GPT-4 came out and could understand both text and images

### Modern developments

Today, there are many different LLMs available. Some are private, like GPT-4, while others are open for anyone to use, like Deepseek and Mistral. , GPT-4 was considered one of the most capable language models.
M. T. Vasudevan Nair

**Madath Thekkepaattu Vasudevan Nair** (15 July 1933 – 25 December 2024), popularly known as **M. T.**, was an Indian novelist, screenwriter and movie director. Nair was born in Kudallur, British India. He was known for his roles in _Naalukettu_, _Randamoozham_, _Manju_, _Kaalam_, _Asuravithu_ and _Iruttinte Athmavu_. In 2005, he was honored with the Padma Bhushan.

Nair died on 25 December 2024 at a hospital in Kozhikode, India from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by heart failure at the age of 91.
Alceu Collares

**Alceu de Deus Collares** (12 September 1927 – 24 December 2024) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was the Governor of Rio Grande do Sul from 1991 to 1995. He was also a member of the Chamber of Deputies and Mayor of Porto Alegre from 1986 to 1989. He was a member of the Democratic Labor Party of Brazil. Collares was born in Bagé, Brazil.

Collares died on 24 December 2024 at a hospital in Porto Alegre from multiple organ failure caused by pneumonia at the age of 97.
Bagé

**Bagé** () is a Brazilian city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In 2020, its population was 121,335 in a total area of 4,096 km<sup>2</sup>. It is the seventeenth largest city in the state. The city was founded in 1811 and became a city in 1859.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Bagé
- **official name**: Municipality of Bagé
- **settlement type**: Municipalities of Brazil, Municipality
- **image flag**: Bandeira_de_Bagé,_RS.png
- **image seal**: Brasão_de_Bagé.png
- **image map**: Locator map of Bagé in Rio Grande do Sul.svg
- **map caption**: Location in Rio Grande do Sul
- **pushpin map**: Brazil
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Brazil
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Brazil, Region
- **subdivision type2**: States of Brazil, State
- **subdivision name1**: South Region, Brazil, South
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Divaldo Lara
- **leader party**: Brazilian Labour Party (current), PTB, since 2021
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 17 July 1811
- **area total km2**: 4,090.36
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 121,335
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population demonym**: _bageense_
- **timezone**: Time in Brazil, BRT
- **utc offset**: −3
- **utc offset dst**: -2
- **elevation m**: 212
- **postal code type**: Código de Endereçamento Postal, Postal code
- **postal code**: 96400
- **area code type**: List of dialling codes in Brazil, Area code
- **area code**: +55 53
- **blank name**: **Human Development Index, HDI** (2010)
- **blank info**: 0.740  – <span style="color:#090">high</span>
Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)

The **Democratic Labour Party** is a political party in Brazil. The PDT combines a pro-labour and social-democratic identities with nationalism and parts of democratic socialism.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Democratic Labour Party
- **native name**: Partido Democrático Trabalhista
- **logo**: LogoPDT.svg
- **leader**: Ciro Gomes
- **president**: Carlos Lupi
- **founder**: Leonel Brizola
- **split**: Brazilian Labour Party (historical), Brazilian Labour Party
- **predecessor**: Brazilian Democratic Movement
- **headquarters**: Rua Sete de Setembro, 141, 4º andar, Centro, Rio de Janeiro
- **think tank**: Fundação Leonel Brizola-Alberto Pasqualini
- **youth wing**: Juventude Socialista
- **womens wing**: Ação da Mulher Trabalhista
- **wing2 title**: LGBT wing
- **wing2**: PDT Diversidade
- **wing3 title**: Trade union, Labour wing
- **wing3**: Central dos Sindicatos Brasileiros
- **wing4 title**: Black wing
- **wing4**: PDT Negro
- **membership year**: 2023
- **membership**: 1,106,481
- **regional**: São Paulo Forum
- **continental**: COPPPAL
- **international**: Socialist International
- **colours**: Red
  White
  Blue
 Green
 Yellow
- **blank1 title**: TSE Identification Number
- **blank1**: 12
- **seats1 title**: Federal Senate (Brazil), Federal Senate
- **seats2 title**: Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Chamber of Deputies
- **seats3 title**: List of current state governors in Brazil, Governorships
- **seats4 title**: Legislative Assemblies of Brazilian states, State Assemblies
- **seats5 title**: Municipalities of Brazil, Mayors
- **seats6 title**: Municipalities of Brazil, City Councillors
- **seats7 title**: Mercosur Parliament
- **country**: Brazil
- **symbol**:
- **flag**: PDT flag.gif
Pascal Hervé

**Pascal Hervé** (13 July 1964 – 24 December 2024) was a French road racing cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He raced as a professional from 1994 to 2001. He was born in Tours, France.

Hervé died on 24 December 2024 in Montreal, Canada at the age of 60.
Sophie Hediger

**Sophie Anna Hediger** (14 December 1998 – 23 December 2024) was a Swiss snowboarder. She competed in the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, in women's snowboard cross and in the mixed team snowboard cross. Hediger was born in Horgen, Switzerland.

Hediger was killed during an avalanche at Arosa Lenzerheide in Arosa, Switzerland on 23 December 2024, at the age of 26.

## Other websites

- Sophie Anna Hediger at the Swiss Olympic Association

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Sophie Hediger
- **full name**: Sophie Anna Hediger
- **nationality**: Swiss
- **birth place**: Horgen, Canton of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- **death place**: Arosa, Grisons, Switzerland
- **sport**: Snowboarding
- **event**: Snowboard cross
Carole Crawford

**Carole Joan Crawford** (13 February 1943 – 18 December 2024) was a Jamaican model and beauty queen. She was crowned Miss World 1963. She was also the first winning delegate from both Jamaica and the Caribbean to have won Miss World. Crawford was born in Kingston, Jamaica.

Crawford died on 18 December 2024, at the age of 81.
Gracie Abrams

**Gracie Madigan Abrams** (born September 7, 1999) is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actress. In 2022, she appeared alongside Olivia Rodrigo as a supporting act for Rodrigo's Sour Tour. Her music has been mainly pop, indie and folk-pop. Her songs are said to have many themes such as guilt, heartbreak, and coming of age. She has been called the "Princess of sad-girl bedroom pop" and the "Queen of Indie Pop".

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gracie Abrams
- **image**: 2022GracieAbramsCloseup.jpg
- **caption**: Abrams in 2022
- **birth name**: Gracie Madigan Abrams
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **years active**: 2019–present
- **education**: Barnard College (dropped out)
- **works**: Gracie Abrams discography, Discography
- **parents**: J. J. Abrams
Katie McGrath
- **signature**:
Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance

The **Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance** is an award given at the Grammy Awards.

## Winners

|width="7%"|Year|width="25%"|Recipients|width="25%"|Work|width="35%" class=unsortable|Nominees|width="5%" class=unsortable|Ref.|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Tony Bennett and Amy Winehouse|"Body and Soul"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Gotye featuring Kimbra|"Somebody That I Used to Know"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams and Nile Rodgers|"Get Lucky"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|A Great Big World and Christina Aguilera|"Say Something"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars|"Uptown Funk"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Twenty One Pilots|"Stressed Out"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Portugal. The Man|"Feel It Still"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper|"Shallow"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Lil Nas X featuring Billy Ray Cyrus|"Old Town Road"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Lady Gaga with Ariana Grande|"Rain on Me"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Doja Cat featuring SZA|"Kiss Me More"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Sam Smith and Kim Petras|"Unholy"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|SZA featuring Phoebe Bridgers|"Ghost in the Machine"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Lady Gaga and Bruno Mars|"Die with a Smile"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
|Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande|"Defying Gravity"||style="text-align:center;"|||||||
<sup></sup> Each year is linked to the article about the Grammy Awards held that year.

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance
- **awarded for**: Artistic excellence in a duo, group, or collaborative vocal or instrumental pop performance
- **caption**: "Defying Gravity" by Cynthia Erivo & Ariana Grande is the most recent recipient
- **presenter**: National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences
- **country**: United States
- **year**: 2012
- **most wins**: Lady Gaga (3)
- **most nominations**: Coldplay (5)
- **holder**: Cynthia Erivo & Ariana Grande – "Defying Gravity" (68th Annual Grammy Awards, 2026)
- **website**: [http://www.grammy.com/ grammy.com]
Us (Gracie Abrams song)

"**Us**" (stylized as "**us.**") is a song by the American singer-songwriter Gracie Abrams from her second studio album, _The Secret of Us_ (2024). The track also includes singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, who wrote it with Abrams.

"Us" is the first time that Gracie Abrams and Taylor Swift worked together. The song was written during Abrams' time as an opening act for Swift during the Eras Tour in 2023.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Us
- **type**: song
- **artist**: Gracie Abrams featuring Taylor Swift
- **album**: The Secret of Us
- **released**: June 21, 2024
- **studio**: Long Pond Studio, Hudson Valley, New York
- **length**: 4:02
- **label**: Interscope
- **writer**: * Gracie Abrams
* Taylor Swift
* Aaron Dessner
- **producer**: * Gracie Abrams
* Taylor Swift
* Aaron Dessner
* Jack Antonoff
The Secret of Us

***The Secret of Us*** is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Gracie Abrams, released on June 21, 2024, by Interscope Records. It was mostly produced by Abrams and American musician Aaron Dessner.

Two singles—"Risk" and "Close to You" came out before the album's release. "I Love You, I'm Sorry" was released as the third single months later. It became Abrams' first song to reach the top-20 region of the United States' _Billboard_ Hot 100. American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, appears on the track "Us" as a featured guest.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: The Secret of Us
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Gracie Abrams
- **studio**: Long Pond (Hudson Valley)
- **caption**: Standard edition cover
- **border**: yes
- **alt**: Abrams's head against white, mouth slightly agape and looking off to the side, the album title in cursive (filled yellow, black outline) crosses the crown of her head
- **released**: June 21, 2024
- **genre**: * Country pop
* indie pop
* folk music, folk
- **length**: 47:33
- **label**: Interscope Records, Interscope
- **producer**: * Gracie Abrams
* Aaron Dessner
* Sam de Jong
* Taylor Swift
* Jack Antonoff
- **prev title**: Good Riddance (album), Good Riddance
- **prev year**: 2023