2025 Dutch general election

Early general elections were held in the Netherlands on 29 October 2025 to elect members of the House of Representatives. The election was called after the Schoof cabinet ended because of the Party for Freedom (PVV) leaving from the coalition. In the end, Democrats 66 led by Rob Jetten and the PVV led by Geert Wilders won the majority of the seats, both parties winning 26 seats.

## Background

Multiple parties, including GL/PvdA, VVD and CDA, have said they would not want to form a government with PVV. However, PVV leader Geert Wilders said he wanted to govern, possibly in a minority government. GL/PvdA and VVD both said they would rather not work with each other, but have not ruled out working together in a government.

## Results

Democrats 66 (D66) and PVV ended up being the largest parties, each winning 26 seats in the House. D66 had their best-ever result in general elections. All parties that have been part of the Dick Schoof cabinet  the PVV, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), New Social Contract (NSC) and the Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB)  all lost seats, with NSC losing all 20 seats. The Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and JA21 won many seats, with the CDA gaining 13 seats and JA21 gaining 8.

The margin of votes and seats between the winning and second placed party, D66 and PVV, is the smallest ever. Never before have the two largest parties finished with the same number of seats.

Following the release of the exit poll, Frans Timmermans announced that he would resign as leader of GroenLinks–PvdA (GL/PvdA). Rob Jetten, leader of D66, said he was open to the idea of having GL/PvdA as a coalition partner along with VVD and the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). Geert Wilders said that the PVV is unlikely to be part of the next government.

## Infobox (legislative election)

- **country**: Netherlands
- **turnout**: 78.4% ( 0.05Percentage point, pp)
- **outgoing members**: List of members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, 2023–2025
- **previous election**: 2023 Dutch general election, 2023
- **next election**: Next
- **seats for election**: All 150 seats in the House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives
- **majority seats**: 76
- **election date**: 29 October 2025
- **nopercentage**: no
- **leader2**: Geert Wilders
- **party2**: Party for Freedom
- **current seats2**: 37
- **seats2**: 26
- **percentage1**: 16.9
- **leader4**: Frans Timmermans
- **party4**: GroenLinks–PvdA, GL/<wbr>PvdA
- **color4**: #B61B28
- **current seats4**: 25
- **seats4**: 20
- **percentage4**: 12.7
- **leader3**: Dilan Yeşilgöz
- **party3**: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
- **current seats3**: 24
- **seats3**: 22
- **percentage3**: 14.2
- **leader1**: Rob Jetten
- **party1**: Democrats 66
- **current seats1**: 9
- **seats1**: 26
- **percentage2**: 16.7
- **leader8**: Caroline van der Plas
- **party8**: Farmer–Citizen Movement, BBB
- **current seats8**: 8
- **seats8**: 4
- **percentage8**: 2.7
- **leader5**: Henri Bontenbal
- **party5**: Christian Democratic Appeal
- **current seats5**: 5
- **seats5**: 18
- **percentage5**: 11.8
- **leader6**: Joost Eerdmans
- **party6**: JA21
- **current seats6**: 1
- **seats6**: 9
- **percentage6**: 5.9
- **leader9**: Jimmy Dijk
- **party9**: Socialist Party (Netherlands)
- **current seats9**: 5
- **seats9**: 3
- **percentage9**: 1.9
- **leader10**: Stephan van Baarle
- **party10**: Denk (political party), Denk
- **current seats10**: 3
- **seats10**: 3
- **percentage10**: 2.4
- **leader11**: Esther Ouwehand
- **party11**: Party for the Animals
- **current seats11**: 3
- **seats11**: 3
- **percentage11**: 2.1
- **leader7**: Lidewij de Vos
- **party7**: Forum for Democracy
- **current seats7**: 3
- **seats7**: 7
- **percentage7**: 4.6
- **leader12**: Chris Stoffer
- **party12**: Reformed Political Party
- **current seats12**: 3
- **seats12**: 3
- **percentage12**: 2.3
- **leader13**: Mirjam Bikker
- **party13**: Christian Union (Netherlands)
- **current seats13**: 3
- **seats13**: 3
- **percentage13**: 1.9
- **leader14**: Jan Struijs
- **party14**: 50Plus
- **current seats14**: 0
- **color14**: #880085
- **seats14**: 2
- **percentage14**: 1.4
- **leader15**: Laurens Dassen
- **party15**: Volt Netherlands
- **current seats15**: 2
- **seats15**: 1
- **percentage15**: 1.1
- **title**: Cabinet of the Netherlands, Cabinet
- **before election**: Schoof cabinet
- **before party**: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, VVD–Farmer–Citizen Movement, BBB
- **last election1**: 9
- **last election2**: 37
- **last election3**: 24
- **last election4**: 25
- **last election5**: 5
- **last election6**: 1
- **last election7**: 3
- **last election8**: 7
- **last election9**: 5
- **last election11**: 3
- **last election12**: 3
- **last election13**: 3
- **last election14**: 0
- **last election10**: 3
- **last election15**: 2