juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ganondagan State Historic Site

**Ganondagan State Historic Site** or **Boughton Hill** is a Native American historic site in Ontario County, New York. The site has two main sections. The first section now includes burials and a large bark longhouse. It is a National Historic Site. The other section includes fortified storage for grains at Fort Hill. This section is a National Register of Historic Places. There are also several trails. Ganondagan was the largest village of the Seneca people. There were about 150 longhouses in this village. The city was part of the western gateway of the Iroquois Confederacy. The town Ganondagan is called the "Town of Peace". There is a burial site of Jigonhsasee. She was one of the founders of the Iroquois Confederacy. Marquis de Denonville destroyed the town in 1687.

## Related pages

- Seneca people
- Jigonhsasee
- New York (state)
- Iroquois Confederacy
- Northeastern Woodlands

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **name**: Boughton Hill
- **nrhp type**: nhl
- **image**: Ganondagan-house.jpg
- **caption**: Ganondagan Long House
- **location**: Victor (town), New York, Victor, New York (state), NY
- **locmapin**: New York
- **built**: 1670
- **designated nrhp type**: July 19, 1964
- **added**: October 15, 1966
- **refnum**: 66000559
Genesee River

The **Genesee River** is a river of Lake Ontario. It flows northward through Twin Tiers of New York and Pennsylvania.

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Genesee River
- **image**: Genesee river 9044.jpg
- **image caption**: Genesee River near Belmont, New York, Belmont
- **map**: Genesee map large.jpg
- **map size**: 300
- **map caption**: Map of Genesee River
- **pushpin map size**: 300
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: United States
- **subdivision type2**: State
- **subdivision name2**: New York (state), New York, Pennsylvania
- **subdivision type3**: County (United States), Counties &
Tributaries
- **subdivision name3**: (see #References, Navbox, below)
- **subdivision type5**: City
- **subdivision name5**: Rochester, New York, Rochester, NY
- **discharge1 location**: Lake Ontario
- **discharge2 location**: Portageville, New York, Portageville, NY
- **source1 location**: Ulysses Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania, Ulysses Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania, Potter County, Pennsylvania
- **mouth**: Lake Ontario
- **mouth location**: Charlotte, Rochester, New York, Charlotte, Rochester, New York, Rochester, Monroe County, New York, Monroe County, New York (state), New York
Marquis de Denonville

**Jacques-René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville** (10 December 1637 – 22 September 1710) was a governor of New France. He was important during the Beaver Wars. He arrived in the colonies when there was much conflict between the Irouquois and the English. He led an attack against the Seneca people in 1687. He destroyed many towns.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jacques-René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville
- **image**: Jacques-Rene de Brisay, Marquis de Denonville.jpg
- **birth place**: Denonville (Eure-et-Loir), France
- **death place**: Denonville (Eure-et-Loir), France
- **occupation**: Governor General of New France
- **signature**: Signature of Jacques-René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville (1637–1710).png
Discovery Family (French TV channel)

**Disovery Family** was a French family-oriented television channel. It was owned by Discovery, Inc. (now part of Warner Bros. Discovery). It was launched on 14 September 2017. The channel was available only for SFR TV subscribers, as a part of a deal between SFR and Discovery.

Unlike Discovery Family, the channel did not include programming aimed at children.

## References

- https://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2016/12/09/altice-signs-exclusive-discovery-nbcuniversal-deals/
- https://www.eurocomms.com/industry-news/12000-altice-boosts-sfr-tv-offer-with-nbcuniversal-and-discovery-deals
- http://www.digitaltveurope.net/638731/altice-takes-on-canal-with-exclusive-nbcu-discovery-deals-and-new-premium-channel/
- http://www.lettreaudiovisuel.com/discovery-family-sinstalle-sur-le-bouquet-sfr/
- http://www.programme-tv.net/news/tv/160461-la-nouvelle-chaine-discovery-family-debarque-le-14-septembre-prochain-sur-sfr/
- https://www.megazap.fr/Discovery-Family-La-nouvelle-chaine-familiale-exclusive-de-SFR_a2885.html

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Discovery Family
- **logo**: Discovery Family Logo (2014).svg
- **logo caption**: Final logo used from September 14, 2017 to March 29, 2022
- **picture format**: 16:9 1080i (High-definition television, HDTV)
- **owner**: Discovery Networks EMEA
- **language**: French (main)
English (secondary)
- **area**:

- **replaced by**: Disney Channel (French TV channel), Disney Channel (on DTT)
- **sister channels**: Discovery Channel (France), Discovery Channel France
Investigation Discovery (France), Investigation Discovery France
- **website**: [http://discoveryfrance.fr/discoveryfamily/ discoveryfrance.fr/discoveryfamily]
Classical Marxism

**Classical Marxism** refers to the economic, philosophical and sociological theories by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It was contrasted with later developments in Marxism, especially Marxism–Leninism.
Sadhguru

**Jagadish "Jaggi" Vasudev** (born 3 September 1957), more commonly called **Sadhguru**, is an Indian yoga guru.

## Other websites

- Isha Foundation's official website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sadhguru
- **image**: Sadhguru-Jaggi-Vasudev.jpg
- **birth name**: Jagadish Vasudev
- **birth place**: Mysore, Mysore State,  India
- **children**: 1
- **honors**: Padma Vibhushan (2017)
Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar
- **organization**: Isha Foundation
- **alma mater**: University of Mysore (Bachelor of arts, BA)
Second Treaty of Buffalo Creek

The **Second Treaty of Buffalo Creek**, also known as the **Treaty with the New York Indians, 1838** was a treaty between Native Americans and the United States. The Natives in the treaty were the  Seneca, Mohawk, Cayuga , Oneida , Onondaga and Tuscarora. New York Indians gave up lands. The Seneca would give up (Buffalo Creek Reservation, Tonawanda Reservation, Oil Springs Reservation, Cattaraugus Reservation, and Allegany Reservation for reservations in Kansas and Missouri. The third and fourth Treaties of Buffalo's Creek were just changes of the second treaty.

## Related pages

- Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784)
- Treaty of Canandaigua
- Treaty of Big Tree
- Seneca people
- Iroquois Confederacy
Battle of Minisink

**The Battle of Minisink** was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. The British and Iroquois Confederacy defeated the Americans. The Americans were not prepared and had little experience. The battle was at Minisink Ford, New York, on July 22, 1779. It was the only major fight in the northern Delaware Valley.

## Related pages

- American Revolutionary War
- Mohawk people
- New York (state)
- Iroquois

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **image**: MinisinkMonument.jpg
- **image size**: 150
- **caption**: Monument in Goshen (village), New York, Goshen, New York over mass grave of Minisink battle dead
- **conflict**: Battle of Minisink
- **partof**: the American Revolutionary War
- **date**: July 19–22, 1779
- **place**: Highland, Sullivan County, New York, Highland, Sullivan County,
near Minisink Ford, New York
- **result**: British (Loyalists and Iroquois) victory
- **combatant2**:
Iroquois Confederacy
- **commander2**: Joseph Brant
- **commander1**: John Hathorn
Benjamin Tusten†
- **strength2**: 60 Iroquois
 27 Tories
- **strength1**: 120 militia/elements of 4th Orange County regiment
- **casualties2**: 3 killed
10 wounded
- **casualties1**: 48 killed
1 captured
Jigonhsasee

**Jigonhsasee** (alternately spelled **Jikonhsaseh** and **Jikonsase**) was one of the founders of the Iroquois Confederacy. The other founders were the Great Peacemaker and Hiawatha. She is known as the Mother of Nations. According to legend, the Peacemaker came to Jigonhsasee. He told her about his mission to build a confederacy. That led to the founding of the Iroquois confederacy which took place around 900 CE.

## Related pages

- Great Peacemaker
- Hiawatha
- Iroquois
- Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands
Charlie Chan in Shanghai

***Charlie Chan in Shanghai*** is a 1935 American mystery movie directed by James Tinling and is the 12th movie in the Charlie Chan series. It stars Warner Oland, Irene Hervey, Russell Hicks, Keye Luke, Jon Hall, Halliwell Hobbes and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Requiem (Michael Haydn)

Michael Haydn's **Requiem** (full title **Missa pro defuncto Archiepiscopo Sigismondo**) was written after the death of Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach of Salzburg in December 1771. It was first performed in January 1772. Leopold Mozart and his son Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart were among the musicians performing. It inspired Mozart's own Requiem, which was written in 1791.

## Structure

The requiem is written for SATB choir and soloists, two bassoons, four trumpets, three trombones, timpani, strings, and basso continuo. The requiem is divided into five sections:

1. **Requiem aeternam** Adagio, C minor, common time
1. Sequentia **Dies irae** Andante maestoso, C minor, 3/4
1. Offertorium **Domine Jesu Christe**
        - "Rex gloriae" Andante moderato, G minor, common time
        - "Quam olim Abrahae" Vivace, G minor, cut time
        - "Hostias et preces" Andante, G minor, common time
        - "Quam olim Abrahae" Vivace e più Allegro, G minor, cut time
1. **Sanctus** Andante, C minor, 3/4
        - "Benedictus qui venit..." Allegretto, E-flat major, 3/4
1. **Agnus Dei** et Communio
        - "Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi" Adagio con moto, C minor, common time
        - "Cum sanctis tuis" Allegretto, C minor, cut time
        - "Requiem aeternam" Adagio, C minor, common time
        - "Cum sanctis tuis" Allegretto, C minor, cut time
CE Principat

**Club Esportiu Principat** was an Andorran football club from the city of Andorra la Vella. The club was founded in 1989. He won three times the Andorran Premier League and five times the Andorran Cup. The club was dissolved in 2015.

## History

The club was founded in 1989 by _Penya Madridista Restaurant Charlie's_ (Real Madrid Supporters' Club of Charlie's Restaurant) as Club Esportiu Principat. The club had three consecutives league victories between 1997 and 1999 and five consecutives cup trophies between 1995 and 1999. The club was founding member of the Andorran Premier League in 1995.

In 1997 the club was the first Andorran club in an European competition playing versus Dundee United from Scotland. The Andorran team pülayed three times in the (UEFA Cup) but lost in the first round each time.

The senior club was registered in Segona Divisió 2015 but withdrew from the competition in the first round. Lower and youth teams continued to compete in their competitions. In 2015 the club was dissolved.

## Colours and badge

The team's traditional color was purple. In the beginnings till the mid-2000s the first kit was white due to the origins of the club linked with Real Madrid supporters in Andorra.

## Honours

- **Primera Divisió:**
    - **Winners (3):** 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99
    - _Runners-up (1):_ 1995–96
- **Copa Constitució:**
    - **Winners (5):** 1994–95, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99

## Other websites

- Principat at UEFA.COM
- Principat at Weltfussball.de
- Principat at Football-Lineups.com

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: CE Principat
- **fullname**: Club Esportiu Principat
- **nickname**: CEP
_El Principat_
_Princi_
- **founded**: 1989
- **dissolved**: 2015
- **ground**: Primera Divisió#Stadiums, Andorra Football Federation stadiums
- **pattern b1**: _blackhorizontal
- **leftarm1**: 800080
- **body1**: 800080
- **rightarm1**: 800080
- **shorts1**: 800080
- **socks1**: 800080
- **pattern la2**: _yellowshoulders
- **pattern b2**: _thinyellowsides
- **pattern ra2**: _yellowshoulders
- **leftarm2**: 0000ff
- **body2**: 0000ff
- **rightarm2**: 0000ff
- **shorts2**: 0000ff
- **socks2**: 0000ff
Numb Chucks

***Numb Chucks*** is an animated television series that was created by Phil LaFrance and Jamie LeClaire and premiered on YTV in Canada on January 7, 2014, and it premiered on Boomerang in the United States on January 12, 2015. The series was focused on Dilweed and Fungus, two woodchucks with big hearts, who are obsessed with using their bungling kung-fu skills to protect the lives of the citizens in their town of Ding-a-Ling Springs. The series was cancelled, and its final episode aired on December 1, 2016, after a total of 52 episodes were produced.
Constel·lació Esportiva

**Constel·lació Esportiva** was an Andorran football club from Andorra La Vella. They started in  the Andorran First Division (Campionat de Lliga) in 1998. 2000 they became champion.

In this year the  Football Federation accused the team of trying to buy players from other teams and they were financial irregularities and the team did not want to divide its winnings from the UEFA cup with the league. So they were  kicked out of the First Division for seven years.

## Honours

- **Campionat de Lliga**: 1
    - 1999–00
- **Copa Constitució: **1
    - 1999–00

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Constel·lació Esportiva
- **fullname**: Constel·lació Esportiva
- **founded**: 1998
- **dissolved**: 2000
- **ground**: Estadi Comunal d'Aixovall
Andorra la Vella Andorra
- **capacity**: 1,800
- **league**: Campionat de Lliga
- **season**: 1999–2000 Primera Divisió, 1999–2000
- **position**: 1st
Andorra women's national football team

**Andorra women's national football team** is a national football team from Andorra. They are yet to feature at the FIFA Women's World Cup.

## Infobox (national football team)

- **name**: Andorra
- **badge size**: 200px
- **association**: Andorran Football Federation
(_Federació Andorrana de Futbol_)
- **confederation**: UEFA (Europe)
- **coach**: José Antonio Martín
- **captain**: Marina Fernández
- **most caps**: 9 players (3)
- **top scorer**: Alba López (2)
- **fifa trigramme**: AND
- **fifa max**: 114
- **fifa max date**: March 2017
- **fifa min**: 173
- **fifa min date**: 17 June 2022
- **pattern la1**: _and_h
- **pattern b1**: _and_1
- **pattern ra1**: _and_h
- **pattern sh1**: _and_1
- **pattern so1**: _color_3_stripes_yellow
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _shoulder_stripes_yellow_stripes_half
- **pattern b2**: _2yellowshoulderstripes
- **pattern ra2**: _shoulder_stripes_yellow_stripes_half
- **pattern sh2**: _yellow_stripes
- **pattern so2**: _color_3_stripes_yellow
- **leftarm2**: EF1C21
- **body2**: 3949CE
- **rightarm2**: EF1C21
- **shorts2**: 3949CE
- **socks2**: 3949CE
- **first game**: 0–1
(Gibraltar; 1 July 2014)
- **largest win**: 4–1
(Andorra la Vella, Andorra; 16 February 2022)
- **largest loss**: 8–0
(Hamrun, Malta; 6 April 2015)
- **type**: women
Butch Thompson

**Richard Enos Thompson**, universally known as "**Butch Thompson**" (November 28, 1943 – August 14, 2022) was an American jazz pianist and clarinetist. He was best known for his ragtime and stride works. From 1974 to 1986, he appeared on the radio show _A Prairie Home Companion_. From the 1960s until 2021, he led the Butch Thompson Trio.

Thompson died on August 14, 2022 in Saint Paul, Minnesota at the age of 78.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Butch Thompson
- **image**: SatchmoFest 2010 Clive Wilson Butch Thompson Listen (cropped).JPG
- **caption**: Thompson in August 2010
- **birth name**: Richard Enos Thompson
- **birth place**: Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota, U.S.
- **death place**: Saint Paul, Minnesota, U.S.
- **genre**: Jazz, ragtime, stride piano, stride
- **occupation**: Musician
- **instrument**: Piano, clarinet
- **years active**: 1962–2021
- **associated acts**: Hall Brothers New Orleans Jazz Band, New Jazz Wizards, _A Prairie Home Companion_
Hanae Mori

was a Japanese fashion designer. She was the first Asian woman to be honored as an official _haute couture_ design house by the Fédération française de la couture in France. She was honored with the Order of Culture (Japan) in 1996.

Mori died on 11 August 2022 at her home in Tokyo, Japan from cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 96.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hanae Mori
- **image**: Hanae Mori 1974.jpg
- **alt**: Hanae Mori in 1974
- **caption**: Mori in 1974
- **native name lang**: ja
- **pronunciation**: Mori Hanae
- **birth place**: Muikaichi, Shimane, Japan
- **death place**: Tokyo, Japan
- **alma mater**: Tokyo Women's Christian University
- **occupation**: Fashion designer
- **years active**: 1951–2004
- **spouse**: Ken Mori
- **children**: 2
Paul X. Rinn

**Paul Xavier Rinn** (13 September 1946 – 3 August 2022) was an officer in the United States Navy. He was the first commanding officer of the _USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58)_ and was in charge when the ship struck a mine in the Persian Gulf on 14 April 1988. Rinn was born in New York City.  He was awarded a Purple Heart and the Legion of Merit for his actions on _USS Samuel B. Roberts_.

Rinn died on 3 August 2022 from a heart attack while at a speaking event in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 75.
Legion of Merit

The **Legion of Merit** (**LOM**) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces. It is given for great outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is given to members of the eight uniformed services of the United States as well as to military and political figures of foreign governments.

## Infobox (military award)

- **name**: Legion of Merit
- **image**: Us legion of merit legionnaire.png
- **image size**: 150px
- **presenter**: United States Department of the Army
United States Department of the Navy
United States Department of the Air Force
United States Department of Homeland Security
- **type**: Order of merit
- **eligibility**: Members of the Uniformed Services of the United States and political and military leaders of allied states.
- **awarded for**: Exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements
- **status**: Currently awarded
- **firstawarded**: 1942
- **higher**: Defense Superior Service Medal
- **lower**: Distinguished Flying Cross (United States), Distinguished Flying Cross
- **image2**:
- **caption2**: Service ribbon
Viktor Zozulin

**Viktor Viktorovich Zozulin** (; 10 October 1944 – 16 August 2022) was a Russian actor. He was born in Moscow, then-Soviet Union. He was known for his roles in _Operation Y and Shurik's Other Adventures_, _I Loved You_ and _King Stag_. His career began in 1965.

Zozulin died on 16 August 2022 in Moscow from a long-illness at the age of 77.
Toby Curtis

**Sir Noble Thomson** "**Toby**" **Curtis**  (13 November 1939 – 17 August 2022) was a New Zealand educator and Māori leader. He was director of primary teacher education at Auckland College of Education and then dean of the education faculty at Auckland Institute of Technology during the 1990s, becoming deputy vice chancellor at Auckland University of Technology in 2000.

Curtis died at his home on Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand on 17 August 2022, at the age of 82.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Toby Curtis
- **image**: File:Toby Curtis KNZM investiture (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Curtis in 2014
- **birth name**: Noble Thomson Curtis
- **birth place**: Lake Rotoehu, Rotoehu, New Zealand
- **death place**: Lake Rotoiti (Bay of Plenty), Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand
- **relatives**: Cliff Curtis (nephew)
- **occupation**: Educator
Modern Romance

***Modern Romance*** is a 1981 romantic comedy directed by Albert Brooks (who also stars) and also starring James L. Brooks, Bruno Kirby, Kathryn Harrold, George Kennedy, Albert Henderson. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Diego Uribe Vargas

**Diego Uribe Vargas** (1 November 1931 – 12 August 2022) was a Colombian politician, lawyer and academic. He was a member of the Colombian Liberal Party. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 to 1981. From 1974 to 1990, he was a Senator. He was also the Governor of Cundinamarca from 1970 to 1972. From 1972 to 1974, he was a member of the Chamber of Representatives.

Uribe Vargas was born in Bogotá, Colombia. Before his death, he was a professor at the National University of Colombia.

Uribe Vargas died in Bogotá on 12 August 2022 at the age of 90.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Colombia)

The **Ministry of Foreign Affairs** (**MRE**) () also known as the **Chancellery** (), is the Cabinet position of the Government of Colombia responsible for the international relations of Colombia and the country's foreign policy.

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- **body**: Colombia
- **flag**: Flag of Colombia.svg
- **flagborder**: yes
- **flagsize**: 130
- **flagcaption**: Flag of Colombia
- **insignia**: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Colombia.svg
- **insigniasize**: 120
- **insigniacaption**: Presidential Seal, Seal of the Ministry of Interior
- **image**: Laura Sarabia imagen 2.jpg
- **incumbentsince**: January 29, 2025
- **department**: Council of Ministers of Colombia, Council of Ministers
Ministry of the Interior and Justice
- **style**: Minister (government), Madame Minister
(informal)
The Honourable#United States, The Honorable
(formal)
Excellency, His Excellency
(diplomatic)
- **member of**: Executive Branch of Colombia, Executive Branch
Legislative Branch of Colombia, Legislative Branch
Administrative Department of the Presidency of the Republic (Colombia), Administrative Department of the Nation
- **reports to**: President of Colombia
- **seat**: Bogota, D.C.
- **appointer**: President of Colombia
- **appointer qualified**: with Colombian Senate, Senate advice and consent
- **precursor**: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Secretary of Foreign Affairs
- **first**: Pedro Gual Escandón as Secretary of Foreign Affairs
- **succession**: Colombian presidential line of succession, Five
- **deputy**: Ministry of the Interior
- **salary**: Executive Schedule, Colombian Peso, COP$226,965,457,533 <small>(2012)</small>
COP$234,237,000,000 <small>(2013)</small>
COP$268,566,000,000 <small>(2014)</small>
Julio Londoño Paredes

**Julio Londoño Paredes** (born 10 July 1938) is a retired Colombian Army Lieutenant Colonel, writer and politician. He was born in Bogotá, Colombia. He has worked under the administrations of six presidents from 1983 to 2010: Belisario Betancur, Virgilio Barco Vargas, César Gaviria, Ernesto Samper, Andrés Pastrana Arango and Álvaro Uribe.

Londoño Paredes was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1986 to 1990. He also was the Permanent Representative to the Organization of American States from 1990 to 1994 and to the United Nations from 1994 to 1998. Londoño Paredes also was an Ambassador to Panama from 1983 to 1986 and to Cuba from 1998 until 2010.
Farges-en-Septaine

**Farges-en-Septaine** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 999 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Farges-en-Septaine
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Bourges
- **canton**: Avord
- **insee**: 18092
- **postal code**: 18800
- **mayor**: Alain Jaubert
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes de la Septaine, La Septaine
- **elevation m**: 181
- **elevation min m**: 144
- **elevation max m**: 181
- **area km2**: 24.48
Crézançay-sur-Cher

**Crézançay-sur-Cher** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 59 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Crézançay-sur-Cher
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: Trouy
- **insee**: 18078
- **postal code**: 18190
- **mayor**: Éric Baillard
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Arnon Boischaut Cher, CC Arnon Boischaut Cher
- **elevation m**: 145
- **elevation min m**: 133
- **elevation max m**: 177
- **area km2**: 7.65
Daniel Quintero

**Daniel Quintero Calle** (born 26 July 1980) is a Colombian politician. He was the mayor of Medellín since 2020. Quintero was suspended as mayor from 10 May to 21 June 2022 for trying to interfere in the 2022 presidential election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **office**: Mayor of Medellín
- **term start**: 1 January 2020
- **predecessor**: Federico Gutiérrez
- **office1**: Deputy Minister of the Digital Economy of Colombia
- **president1**: Juan Manuel Santos
- **term start1**: 26 July 2016
- **term end1**: 4 December 2017
- **predecessor1**: Isabel Mejía
- **successor1**: Juanita Rodríguez
- **birth place**: Medellín, Antioquia Department, Antioquia, Colombia
- **citizenship**: Colombian
- **party**: Independent politician, Independent
- **occupation**: Engineer, politician
- **residence**: Medellín, Colombia
- **alma mater**: University of Antioquia, University of Los Andes (Colombia), University of The Andes
Charentonnay

**Charentonnay** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 293 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Charentonnay
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: 064 Charentonnay ( 18140 ).JPG
- **caption**: The town hall in Charentonnay
- **arrondissement**: Bourges
- **canton**: Avord
- **insee**: 18053
- **postal code**: 18140
- **mayor**: Thierry Duprez
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **elevation min m**: 173
- **elevation max m**: 227
- **area km2**: 21.85
Charly, Cher

**Charly** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 246 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Charly
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Charly - Eglise Notre-Dame -319.jpg
- **caption**: The church of Our Lady, in Charly
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois
- **insee**: 18054
- **postal code**: 18350
- **mayor**: Dominique Régnault
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Pays de Nérondes, Pays de Nérondes
- **elevation m**: 190
- **elevation min m**: 169
- **elevation max m**: 256
- **area km2**: 25.66
Chezal-Benoît

**Chezal-Benoît** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 823 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Chezal-Benoît
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Chezal-Benoît -3.JPG
- **caption**: The church in Chezal-Benoît
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: Châteaumeillant
- **insee**: 18065
- **postal code**: 18160
- **mayor**: Roger Lebrero
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes du Pays d'Issoudun, Pays d'Issoudun
- **elevation m**: 173
- **elevation min m**: 137
- **elevation max m**: 187
- **area km2**: 46.46
Civray, Cher

**Civray** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 906 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Civray
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Civray eglise3.JPG
- **caption**: The church in Civray
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Civray (Cher).svg
- **arrondissement**: Bourges
- **canton**: Chârost
- **insee**: 18066
- **postal code**: 18290
- **mayor**: Sonia Pazos-Monvoisin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Fercher - Pays florentais, Fercher - Pays florentais
- **elevation m**: 155
- **elevation min m**: 125
- **elevation max m**: 162
- **area km2**: 40.87
Clémont

**Clémont** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 710 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Clémont
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Clémont Cher.jpg
- **caption**: The church in Clémont
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Clémont (Cher).svg
- **arrondissement**: Vierzon
- **canton**: Aubigny-sur-Nère
- **insee**: 18067
- **postal code**: 18410
- **mayor**: Dominique Turpin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Sauldre et Sologne, Sauldre et Sologne
- **elevation m**: 130
- **elevation min m**: 134
- **elevation max m**: 168
- **area km2**: 50.11
Cogny, Cher

**Cogny** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 34 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Cogny
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: Dun-sur-Auron
- **insee**: 18068
- **postal code**: 18130
- **mayor**: Daniel Rondier
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Le Dunois, CC Le Dunois
- **elevation m**: 197
- **elevation min m**: 163
- **elevation max m**: 236
- **area km2**: 16.69
Blonde or Brunette

***Blonde or Brunette*** is a 1927 American romantic comedy movie directed by Richard Rosson and starring Adolphe Menjou, Greta Nissen, Arlette Marchal, Mary Carr, Emile Chautard, Paul Weigel, Henry Sedley. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

## Other websites

- Blonde or Brunette @ IMDb.com
- synopsis AllMovie.com
Colombiers, Cher

**Colombiers** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 417 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Colombiers
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Manoir de La Salle (Colombiers, Cher) - Vue générale.JPG
- **caption**: Chateau of La Salle
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **insee**: 18069
- **postal code**: 18200
- **mayor**: Daniel Bone
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes du Cœur de France, Cœur de France
- **elevation m**: 170
- **elevation min m**: 153
- **elevation max m**: 210
- **area km2**: 9.51
Concressault

**Concressault** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 202 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Concressault
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Ecu bandé or gueules.svg
- **arrondissement**: Bourges
- **canton**: Sancerre
- **insee**: 18070
- **postal code**: 18260
- **mayor**: Antoine Fleuriet
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Pays Fort Sancerrois Val de Loire, CC Pays Fort Sancerrois Val de Loire
- **elevation m**: 183
- **elevation min m**: 175
- **elevation max m**: 272
- **area km2**: 7.45
Contres, Cher

**Contres** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 33 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Contres
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: Dun-sur-Auron
- **insee**: 18071
- **postal code**: 18130
- **mayor**: Sylvie Boguslawski
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Le Dunois, CC Le Dunois
- **elevation m**: 172
- **elevation min m**: 160
- **elevation max m**: 175
- **area km2**: 16.03
Cornusse

**Cornusse** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 266 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Cornusse
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Cornusse (Cher).svg
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois
- **insee**: 18072
- **postal code**: 18350
- **mayor**: Edith Raquin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Pays de Nérondes, Pays de Nérondes
- **elevation m**: 208
- **elevation min m**: 172
- **elevation max m**: 228
- **area km2**: 19.61
New Day Rising

***New Day Rising*** is the third studio by American punk rock band Hüsker Dü and released in January 1985 through SST Records. It was ranked #428 on the 500 albums of all time by the Rolling Stone magazine in 2020.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: New Day Rising
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Hüsker Dü
- **released**: January 1985
- **recorded**: July 1984
- **studio**: Nicollet Studios in Minneapolis
- **genre**: *Post-hardcore
*alternative rock
- **length**: 40:49
- **label**: SST Records, SST (031)
- **producer**: Hüsker Dü, Spot (producer), Spot
- **prev title**: Zen Arcade
- **prev year**: 1984
- **next title**: Flip Your Wig
- **next year**: 1985
No One Is to Blame

"**No One Is to Blame**" is a song by Howard Jones. It went to number 4 in the United States and number 9 in Australia. It was one his biggest hits in the United States.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: No One Is to Blame
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Howard Jones (musician), Howard Jones
- **album**: Dream Into Action and the album One to One (Howard Jones album), One to One
- **released**: 3 March 1986 (UK)
24 March 1986 (US)
- **recorded**: 1985
- **genre**: New wave music, New wave, soft rock
- **length**: 3:29 (1985 version)
4:13 (1986 version)
- **label**: Warner Music Group, WEA (UK)
Elektra Records (US)
- **writer**: Howard Jones
- **producer**: Phil Collins & Hugh Padgham
- **prev title**: Life in One Day
- **prev year**: 1985
- **next title**: All I Want (Howard Jones song), All I Want
- **next year**: 1986
Crézancy-en-Sancerre

**Crézancy-en-Sancerre** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 454 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Crézancy-en-Sancerre
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Crézancy-en-Sancerre (Cher).svg
- **arrondissement**: Bourges
- **canton**: Sancerre
- **insee**: 18079
- **postal code**: 18300
- **mayor**: Brigitte Chotard
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Pays Fort Sancerrois Val de Loire, CC Pays Fort Sancerrois Val de Loire
- **elevation m**: 284
- **elevation min m**: 208
- **elevation max m**: 377
- **area km2**: 18.92
Croisy

**Croisy** is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 152 people lived there in January 2019.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Croisy
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **arrondissement**: Saint-Amand-Montrond
- **canton**: La Guerche-sur-l'Aubois
- **insee**: 18080
- **postal code**: 18350
- **mayor**: Noël Laignel
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Pays de Nérondes, CC Pays de Nérondes
- **elevation m**: 270
- **elevation min m**: 194
- **elevation max m**: 270
- **area km2**: 12.96
J.C. Jones

**J.C. Jones** (born 1973) is an American country music artist.

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _One Night_ (1998)
Peter Hintze

**Peter Hintze** (25 April 1950 – 26 November 2016) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the German Bundestag from 1990 until his death in 2016.

From 2013 until 2016, Hintze was one of the six Vice Presidents of the Bundestag. He had previously been federal chairman of the Evangelical Working Group of the CDU/CSU from 1990 to 1992 and general secretary of the CDU from 1992 to 1998. He was also Vice President of the Centrist Democrat International.
Mateus Caramelo

**Mateus Lucena dos Santos** (30 August 1994 – 28 November 2016), commonly known as **Caramelo**, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played for Chapecoense on loan from São Paulo FC as a right back.

Caramelo was one of the victims when LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 crashed on 28 November 2016.

## Career statistics

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|State League|colspan="2"|Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign="center"|Mogi Mirim|2013|Série C|0|0|3|0|—|—|—|3|0||||
|rowspan="3" valign="center"|São Paulo|2013|rowspan="2"|Série A|3|0|—|—|0|0|0|0|3|0||
|2016|4|0|8|0|0|0|4|0|—|16|0|||||
|valign="center"|Atlético Goianiense|2014|Série B|13|1|10|0|1|0|—|—|24|1|||
|rowspan="3" valign="center"|Chapecoense|2015|rowspan="2"|Série A|4|0|1|0|0|0|4|0|—|9|0|
|2016|3|0|—|—|3|0|—|6|0|||||||

## Honours

- Chapecoense
- Copa Sudamericana: 2016 (posthumously)

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Mateus Caramelo
- **caption**: Mateus Caramelo in 2016
- **fullname**: Mateus Lucena dos Santos
- **birth place**: Araçatuba, Brazil
- **death place**: La Unión, Antioquia, La Unión, Colombia
- **height**: 1.84 m
- **position**: Defender (association football)#Full-back, Right back
- **youthyears1**: 2009–2013
- **youthclubs1**: Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube, Mogi Mirim
- **years1**: 2013
- **clubs1**: Mogi Mirim Esporte Clube, Mogi Mirim
- **caps1**: 3
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2013–2016
- **clubs2**: São Paulo FC, São Paulo
- **caps2**: 15
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2014
- **clubs3**: → Atlético Clube Goianiense, Atlético Goianiense (loan)
- **caps3**: 23
- **goals3**: 1
- **years4**: 2015
- **clubs4**: → Associação Chapecoense de Futebol, Chapecoense (loan)
- **caps4**: 5
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 2016
- **clubs5**: → Associação Chapecoense de Futebol, Chapecoense (loan)
- **caps5**: 3
- **goals5**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 49
- **totalgoals**: 1
René Vignal

**René Vignal** (12 August 1926 – 21 November 2016) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He played for Toulouse, RC Paris and Béziers at club level as well as the France national team.

## References

- Profile at FFF

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: René Vignal
- **image**: René Vignal (1949).png
- **caption**: René Vignal, April 1949
- **birth place**: Béziers, France
- **position**: Goalkeeper (football), Goalkeeper
- **years1**: 1944–1947
- **years2**: 1947–1955
- **years3**: 1958–1960
- **clubs1**: Toulouse FC (1937), Toulouse
- **clubs2**: RC Paris
- **clubs3**: AS Béziers (football), Béziers
- **nationalyears1**: 1949–1954
- **nationalteam1**: France national football team, France
- **nationalcaps1**: 17
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
Van Williams

**Van Zandt Jarvis Williams** (February 27, 1934 – November 28, 2016) was an American actor. He played Kenny Madison in both Warner Bros. television detective series Bourbon Street Beat (1959–1960) and its sequel, Surfside 6 (1960–1962).

He teamed up with Bruce Lee as his partner Kato, in the television series The Green Hornet during 1966–1967.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Van Williams
- **image**: Van Williams Green Hornet 1966.jpg
- **caption**: Williams as Britt Reid in _The Green Hornet (TV series), The Green Hornet_ (1966).
- **occupation**: Actor
- **children**: 5
- **birth name**: Van Zandt Jarvis Williams
- **birth place**: Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.
- **death place**: Scottsdale, Arizona, U.S.
- **years active**: 1954–1993
The Scarlet Empress

***The Scarlet Empress*** is a 1934 American romantic historical drama movie directed by Josef von Sternberg and starring Marlene Dietrich, John Lodge, Sam Jaffe, C. Aubrey Smith, Louise Dresser, Olive Tell, Erville Alderson. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Monte Carlo Casino

**Casino Monte-Carlo**, officially called **Casino de Monte-Carlo**, is a gambling and entertainment place located in Monaco. The Casino de Monte-Carlo is owned and operated by the "Société des bains de mer de Monaco".

## History

The idea of opening a gambling casino in Monaco came from Princess Carolina, the wife of Prince Florestan. The company's money was supposed to save the House of Grimaldi from bankruptcy. In 1921, the first Women’s Olympiad was held at the casino gardens.
Giovanna Amati

**Giovanna Amati** (born 20 July 1959) is a former professional racing driver from Italy. She is the most recent female driver to have entered the Formula One World Championship.

Amati was born in Rome on 20 July 1959, to actress Anna Maria Pancani and theatre-owner Giovanni Amati. As of 2022, Amati is the last female driver who has attempted to qualify a Formula One car. Following her retirement from motor sport, Amati worked briefly as a sport commentator.
Catherine the Last

***Catherine the Last*** (German: ***Katharina, die Letzte***) is a 1936 Austrian romantic comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Franciska Gaal, Hans Holt, Hans Olden, Otto Wallburg, Eduard Lnikers, Ernő Verebes, Adrienne Gessner, Fritz Imhoff. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was remade in America in 1938 as _The Girl Downstairs_.
Strecker's chorus frog

**Strecker's chorus frog** (_Pseudacris streckeri_) is a frog. It lives in the United States. It lives in Oklahoma and parts of Kansas, Texas, and Louisiana.  Scientists think it might also live in Utah.

This is the largest frog is the genus _Pseudacris_.  The adult can be 48 mm long from nose to rear end.  The skin of the back may be brown, gray, or green.  It has a dark stripe from its eyes to its body.  It has dark spots on its back and a white belly.  The skin where the back legs meet the body is orange-yellow in color.

This frog looks for food at night.  During the day, it digs in the ground and hides under soil or wet leaves.  Most frogs dig with their back legs, but this frog digs with its front legs.

This frog is not in danger of dying out but there are fewer of them than there were.  This is because human beings build things in the places where the frog lives and cut down trees for wood.  However, a subspecies of this frog, _Pseudacris streckeri illinoiensis_, is endangered.
Joseph Delaney

**Joseph Henry Delaney** (25 July 1945 – 16 August 2022) was a British writer. He was known for his dark fantasy series _Spook's_. Delaney was born in Preston, Lancashire.

Delaney died on 16 August 2022 at the age of 77.

## Other websites

- Penguin Books Author Page
- Fantastic Fiction Author Page
- Author interview with FantasyBookReview.co.uk
Niccolò Ghedini

**Niccolò Ghedini** (22 December 1959 – 17 August 2022) was an Italian lawyer and politician. He was the lawyer of the former prime minister Silvio Berlusconi.

Ghedini was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2013. He was also a Senator from 2006 until his death.

Ghedini was born in Padua, Italy. He died from leukemia on 17 August 2022 at a hospital in Milan, Italy, at the age of 62.
Federal Assembly

**Federal Assembly** may refer to:

- Federal Assembly (Russia), the Russian federal parliament
- Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia), the former Czechoslovak federal parliament
- Federal Assembly (Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland), the former federal parliament of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
- Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia

Under the German name _Bundesversammlung_:
- Federal Assembly (Austria), the name for a joint session of the two chambers of the Austrian federal parliament
- Federal Convention (Germany), a formal convention that elects the country's Federal President
- Federal Convention (German Confederation), the only organ of the German Confederation (1815-1866)
- Federal Assembly (Switzerland), the Swiss federal parliament
Adeline Genée

**Dame Adeline Genée** (born **Anina Kirstina Margarete Petra Jensen**; 6 January 1878  – 23 April 1970) was a Danish-British ballet dancer.

Anina Kirstina Margarete Petra Jensen was born in Hinnerup north of Aarhus, Denmark. Her uncle, Alexandre Genée, gave her dancing lessons from the age of three.

In 1895, she was the principal dancer of the Royal Danish Ballet in Copenhagen.  In 1896, she danced with the Berlin Royal Opera Ballet and the Munich Opera Ballet.
Anna Maria Hall

**Anna Maria Hall** (6 January 1800 – 30 January 1881) was an Irish novelist. She published as "Mrs. S. C. Hall".

She was born as **Anna Maria Fielding** in Dublin, but left Ireland for England at the age of 15. At that time, published her first original work, Sketches of Irish character, in 1828. Her first work was well received, Anna Maria Hall was married to the writer Samuel Carter Hall from 1824.
National Council

**National Council** may refer to:

- National Council, the second chamber of the National Assembly of Estonia from 1938 to 1940
- National Council (Austria), one of the two houses of the Austrian parliament
- Czech National Council
- National Council (Namibia), the upper chamber of the country's bicameral Parliament
- National Council (Nepal), a national legislature
- National Council of Provinces, the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa under the constitution which came into full effect in 1997
- National Council (Switzerland), the large Chamber of the parliament
- National Council (Slovakia), the parliament of Slovakia since 1 October 1992
National Congress

***National Congress*** is a word used in the names of many political parties and legislatures.

## Political parties

- India: Indian National Congress
- South Africa: African National Congress

## National legislatures

- Argentine National Congress
- National Congress of Brazil
- National Congress of Chile
- National People's Congress
- National Congress of Ecuador
- National Congress of Honduras
National Front

**National Front** or **Front National** can mean the following political parties:

## Asia

- Mizo National Front, India
- Balawaristan National Front (Naji), Pakistan
- Barisan Nasional (Malaysia), a far-right fascist British political party founded in 1967, which peaked during the 1970s1980s and declined in the 1990s.

## Europe

- National Front (UK), a far-right fascist British political party founded in 1967, which peaked during the 1970s1980s and declined in the 1990s.
- National Front (France), a far-right fascist British political party founded in 1967, which peaked during the 1970s1980s and declined in the 1990s.

- National Rally, a far-right political party in France formerly known as "National Front" or "Front National" until 2018
Tilly Losch

**Ottilie Ethel Leopoldine Herbert, Countess of Carnarvon** (_née_ **Losch**; November 15, 1903 – December 24, 1975), known professionally as **Tilly Losch.** She was an Austrian dancer, choreographer, actress, and painter who lived and worked for most of her life in the United States and United Kingdom.

She was born in Vienna to a Jewish family and studied ballet from childhood at the Vienna Opera. In 1927, she took part in Max Reinhardt's production of A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Salzburg Festival, for which she also created the choreography.

Losch died from cancer in New York on December 24, 1975.
Shatter cone

**Shatter cones** are features of rocks. They only form in the bedrock beneath meteorite impact craters or underground nuclear explosions.

They show the rock has been subjected to a shock with pressures in the range of .
Uvular consonant

A **uvular consonant** is a sound made with the back of your tongue against the uvula. English has no uvular consonants.
Pharyngeal consonant

A **pharyngeal consonant** is a sound made with the back of your tongue against the pharynx. Epiglottal consonants are a type of pharyngeal consonant. They are made with the aryepiglottic folds against the pharynx. English has no pharyngeal consonants.

A pharyngeal consonant  is: Voiced pharyngeal fricative, Voiced epiglottal tap.
Glottal consonant

A **glottal consonant** is a sound made using only the glottis. English has three glottal consonants, [h], as in hat, [ʔ], as in uh-oh, and [ɦ], as in uh-huh.

The International Phonetic Alphabet has symbols for three glottal consonants:

- [ʔ] - the glottal stop
- [h] - the voiceless glottal fricative
- [ɦ] - the voiced glottal fricative

[h] and [ɦ] often are not true fricatives, and are more similar to voiceless vowels.
Roundedness

**Roundedness** is whether your lips are rounded or not while making a vowel sound. In the International Phonetic Alphabet chart, rounded vowels are to the right of unrounded vowels. For example, [u] is rounded and [i] is not.
Back vowel

A **back vowel** is a vowel sound made with the back of your tongue. For example, [u] is a back vowel but [i] is not.
Alveolar lateral click

The **alveolar lateral click** is a sound used in some spoken languages. There are three types of alveolar lateral click: tenuis, voiced and nasal. English has no lateral clicks.

## Infobox (ipa)

- **ipa symbol**: ǁ
Gajal

The **Gajal** live in Turkey-East Thrace, and are Sunni Muslims, once originated from Moldavia, at the Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812). The Gajal believe they are descendants of the Pechenegs and Cumans, and are a Muslim Branch of the Eastern Orthodox Christian Gagauz from Moldova.