juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lands' End

**Lands' End** headquartered in Dodgeville, Wisconsin, is a seller of clothing, baggage, and furniture.

In 2023, 63.2% of its revenue was from online sale in the United States, 7.7% of revenue was international orders, 18.3% of revenue was sales of logo apparel to businesses and schools, 7.6% of revenue was received from third-party sellers, and 3.2% of revenue was from company-operated stores. It operates 26 stores. It was founded in 1963.
Symphony No. 4 (Beethoven)

The **Symphony No. 4** in B major, Op. 60, is the fourth symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven. It was created in 1806 and first shown in March 1807 at a private event in Vienna at the house of Prince Lobkowitz. It was first played for the public at the Burgtheater in Vienna in April 1808.

The symphony is in four parts. It is not often played because of the better known symphonies that came before and after it – the Third Symphony _(Eroica)_ and the Fifth.

## Instrumentation

The symphony is made for flute, two oboes, two clarinets in B, two bassoons, two horns in B and E, two trumpets in B and E, timpani and strings. It takes 30 to 35 minutes to play.

## Other websites

- Analysis of the , all-about-beethoven.com
- "Eulenburg full score" of Beethoven's Fourth Symphony, William and Gayle Cook Music Library, Indiana University School of Music
Robot and Monster

***Robot and Monster*** is an American animated television series created by Dave Pressler, Joshua Sternin, and Jennifer Ventimilia. The main characters, Robot and Monster, are voiced by Curtis Armstrong and Harland Williams, respectively.

Production began in 2009, and the show was ordered for a full 26-episode season in 2010. It premiered on Nickelodeon on August 4, 2012, and ended on March 5, 2015.

The series follows the daily adventures of **Robot Default**, a genius inventor, and his roommate **Monster Krumholtz**, a cheerful and optimistic purple creature, along with their pest-turned-pet **Marf**.
Cazenovia, New York

**Cazenovia**  is an incorporated town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,740 at the time of the 2020 census. It is named after Theophile Cazenove, the Agent General of the Holland Land Company. The village of Cazenovia is located in the center of the town. The town is on the county's western border.
The Culinary Institute of America

**The Culinary Institute of America** (**CIA**) is a private culinary school with its main campus in Hyde Park, New York, and branch campuses in St. Helena and Napa, California; San Antonio, Texas; and Singapore.

The college, which was the first to teach culinary arts in the United States, offers associate, bachelor's, and master’s degrees, and has the largest staff of American Culinary Federation Certified Master Chefs. It also offers continuing education for professionals in the hospitality industry as well as conferences and consulting services.

The college additionally provides recreational classes for non-professionals and operates several student-run restaurants on its four U.S. campuses. It was founded in 1946.
Fulham

**Fulham** () is an area of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in West London, England. It is  southwest of Charing Cross. It is on the north bank of the River Thames, next to Hammersmith, Kensington and Chelsea. On the other side of Thames, there is Wandsworth and Putney, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.

Fulham F.C.'s home ground Craven Cottage is in Fulham.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **map type**: Greater London
- **region**: London
- **population**: 87,161
- **population ref**: (2011)
- **official name**: Fulham
- **static image name**: Fulham Palace courtyard - geograph.org.uk - 835758.jpg
- **static image caption**: Fulham Palace, where the Bishop of London used to live
- **london borough**: Hammersmith and Fulham
- **constituency westminster**: Chelsea and Fulham (UK Parliament constituency), Chelsea and Fulham Hammersmith (UK Parliament constituency), Hammersmith
- **post town**: LONDON
- **postcode district**: SW6, W14, W6
- **postcode area**: SW
- **dial code**: 0207
- **os grid reference**: TQ245765
- **charingx distance mi**: 3.7
- **charingx direction**: ENE
Momofuku (album)

***Momofuku*** is an album by Elvis Costello in 2008. The album features Rilo Kiley's frontwoman Jenny Lewis on harmony vocals on several tracks.

## Charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2008)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|98|||
|style="text-align:center;"|112|||

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Momofuku
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Elvis Costello and the Imposters
- **recorded**: 16 January 2008; 7–14 February 2008
- **studio**: Sound City Studios, Sound City, Van Nuys, California
- **length**: 47:10
- **label**: Lost Highway Records, Lost Highway
- **chronology**: Elvis Costello
- **prev title**: The River in Reverse
- **prev year**: 2006
- **next title**: Secret, Profane & Sugarcane
- **next year**: 2009
Bacteroides stercoris

***Bacteroides stercoris*** is a rod-shaped bacterium often found in the human intestines. It is a part of the human microbiome – the collection of microorganisms that live inside humans. When in the human intestine the bacteria are helpful to their human host. If the bacteria get out of the intestines they can cause disease. The bacterium _B._ _stercoris_ is a member of the larger group of bacteria called the _Bacteroides fragilis_ group. This group is named after _Bacteroides fragilis_, the most common organism in the group.

## Pathogenicity

_B. stercoris_ is an anaerobic pathogen. This means it does not require oxygen to grow. Infections with anaerobic pathogens usually have multiple disease-causing bacteria, _B._ _stercoris_ is often one of them.

## Antibiotic resistance

Infection with _B._ _stercoris_ is treated with antibiotics – drugs that kill harmful bacteria. Resistance to these drugs is increasing. Scientists are investigating new ways and new drugs to treat infections with _B._ _stercoris_.
Telecomics

***Telecomics*** (also known as **Tele-Comics** and **NBC comics**) is the name of two American children's television series about telling the two stories: _Crusader Rabbit_ (August 1, 1950 to December 1, 1959) and _Jim and Judy in Teleland_ (September 1949), but is aired on NBC from 1949 to 1951.
Malcolm-Jamal Warner

**Malcolm-Jamal Warner** (August 18, 1970 – July 20, 2025) was an American actor, poet and R&B singer. He was known for his role as Theodore Huxtable on the NBC sitcom _The Cosby Show_ (1984–1992). For this role, he was nominated for an Emmy Award.

He was also known for his roles as Malcolm McGee on the UPN sitcom _Malcolm & Eddie_ (1996–2000), Dr. Alex Reed in the sitcom _Reed Between the Lines_ (2011, 2015) and Sticky on _Sons of Anarchy_ (2014). He also played Al Cowlings on the FX limited series _The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story_ (2016).

Warner won a Grammy Award for his R&B studio album _Black Radio 2_ in 2015.

On July 20, 2025, Warner died while swimming during a family vacation in Limón, Costa Rica after being caught in a high current. He was 54 years old. His cause of death was listed as asphyxia caused by drowning.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Malcolm-Jamal Warner
- **image**: Malcolm-Jamal Warner.jpg
- **caption**: Warner in 2007
- **birth place**: Jersey City, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: Limón, Costa Rica
- **death cause**: Asphyxia caused by drowning
- **occupation**: Actor, poet, director, singer
- **years active**: 1982–2025
- **children**: 1
Project CARS 2

***Project CARS 2*** is a motorsport racing simulator video game made by Slightly Mad Studios in London, England. It was sold by the Bandai Namco Entertainment group. It was released worldwide on 22 September 2017 for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One. It can be played on a PS5 or Xbox Series X.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Project CARS 2
- **developer**: Slightly Mad Studios
- **publisher**: Bandai Namco Entertainment
- **director**: Stephen Viljoen
- **producer**: Andy Cherry
- **designer**: Andy Tudor
- **programmer**: Steven A. Dunn
 Anders Johansson
 Iain Wallington
- **artist**: Darren White
- **composer**: Stephen Baysted
- **series**: _Project CARS_
- **released**: 22 September 2017
- **genre**: Sim racing, Racing simulation
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
North Carolina General Assembly

The **North Carolina General Assembly** is the bicameral legislature of the state government of North Carolina. The legislature is made up of two parts: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The General Assembly meets in the North Carolina State Legislative Building in Raleigh.

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: North Carolina General Assembly
- **coa caption**: Seal of the North Carolina General Assembly
- **house type**: Bicameral
- **houses**: North Carolina Senate, Senate

- **leader1 type**: Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina, Senate President
- **leader1**: Rachel Hunt
- **party1**: (Democratic Party (United States), D)
- **election1**: January 1, 2025
- **leader2 type**: President Pro Tempore of the North Carolina Senate, Senate President pro tempore
- **leader2**: Phil Berger (politician), Phil Berger
- **party2**: (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election2**: January 26, 2011
- **leader3 type**: Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives, House Speaker
- **leader3**: Destin Hall
- **party3**: (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election3**: January 8, 2025
- **members**: 170 voting members

* 50 senators
* 120 representatives
- **house1**: North Carolina Senate, Senate
- **structure1**: North Carolina Senate 2022.svg
- **structure1 res**: 250px
- **house2**: North Carolina House of Representatives, House of Representatives
- **structure2**: File:North Carolina House 2022.svg
- **structure2 res**: 250px
- **last election3**: 2024 North Carolina elections, November 5, 2024
- **next election3**: November 3, 2026
- **session room**: T-73-2-1LegBldgbyClayNolan (8271463337).jpg
- **session res**: 250px
North Carolina House of Representatives

The **North Carolina House of Representatives** is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House. A Representative serve two-year terms.

## Other websites

- Official House site
- Project Vote Smart – State House of North Carolina

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: North Carolina
House of Representatives
- **legislature**: North Carolina General Assembly
- **coa pic**: Seal of North Carolina.svg
- **coa caption**: Great Seal of the State of North Carolina
- **house type**: Lower house
- **term limits**: None
- **new session**: January 1, 2025
- **leader1 type**: Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives, Speaker
- **leader1**: Destin Hall (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election1**: January 8, 2025
- **leader2 type**: Speaker pro tempore
- **leader2**: Mitchell S. Setzer (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election2**: January 8, 2025
- **leader3 type**: Majority Leader
- **leader3**: Brenden Jones (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election3**: January 8, 2025
- **leader4 type**: Minority Leader
- **leader4**: Robert T. Reives II, Robert Reives (Democratic Party (United States), D)
- **election4**: January 1, 2021
- **term length**: 2 years
- **salary**: $13,951/year + per diem
- **members**: 120
- **structure1**: North Carolina House 2022.svg
- **structure1 res**: 250px
- **political groups1**: **Majority**
*
**Minority**
*
- **last election1**: 2024 North Carolina House of Representatives election, November 5, 2024
(120 seats)
- **next election1**: November 3, 2026
(120 seats)
- **redistricting**: Legislative control, no gubernatorial veto
- **constitution**: Constitution of North Carolina
North Carolina Senate

The **North Carolina Senate** is the upper chamber of the North Carolina General Assembly. The Senate has 50 members, and the term of office for each senator is two years.

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: North Carolina Senate
- **legislature**: North Carolina General Assembly
- **coa caption**: Seal of the North Carolina Senate
- **house type**: Upper house
- **term limits**: None
- **new session**: January 1, 2025
- **leader1 type**: Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina, President
- **leader1**: Rachel Hunt (Democratic Party (United States), D)
- **election1**: January 1, 2025
- **leader2 type**: President pro tempore of the North Carolina Senate, President pro tempore
- **leader2**: Phil Berger (politician), Phil Berger (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election2**: January 26, 2011
- **leader3 type**: Majority Leader
- **leader3**: Michael V. Lee (Republican Party (United States), R)
- **election3**: April 1, 2025
- **leader4 type**: Minority Leader
- **leader4**: Sydney Batch (Democratic Party (United States), D)
- **election4**: January 1, 2025
- **members**: 50
- **structure1**: North Carolina Senate 2022.svg
- **structure1 res**: 250px
- **political groups1**: **Majority**
*
**Minority**
*
- **term length**: 2 years
- **last election1**: 2024 North Carolina Senate election, November 5, 2024
(50 seats)
- **next election1**: November 3, 2026
(50 seats)
- **constitution**: Constitution of North Carolina, North Carolina Constitution
Urszula Kozioł

**Urszula Kozioł ** (; 20 June 1931 – 20 July 2025) was a Polish poet. She won the Silesius Poetry Award in 2011 and the Nike Award in 2024.

Kozioł was born in Rakówka, a village in Poland. She graduated from the University of Wroclaw in 1953.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Urszula Kozioł
- **image**: 2016.06.27. Urszula Koziol Fot Mariusz Kubik 01.JPG
- **caption**: Kozioł in 2016
- **birth place**: Rakówka, Lublin Voivodeship, Rakówka, Poland
- **death place**: Wrocław, Poland
- **nationality**: Polish
- **education**: University of Wrocław
- **genre**: Fiction
- **notableworks**: _Supliki_ (2006)
_Klangor_ (2015)
_Ucieczki_ (2017)
_Raptularz_ (2023)
Kenneth Colley

**Kenneth Colley** (7 December 1937 – 30 June 2025) was an English actor. He was known for his role as Admiral Piett in the _Star Wars_ movies _The Empire Strikes Back_ (1980) and _Return of the Jedi_ (1983). He also played Jesus in _Monty Python's Life of Brian_.

Colley died at a hospital in Ashford, Kent on 30 June 2025 from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 at the age of 87. He had injured his arm in a fall before his death.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kenneth Colley
- **image**: Kenneth Colley Gen SW 2010 2.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **caption**: Colley in 2010
- **birth place**: Manchester, Greater Manchester, England
- **death place**: Ashford, Kent, Ashford, Kent, England, Kent, England
- **death cause**: Pneumonia caused by COVID-19
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1961–2017
Zarah Sultana

**Zarah Sultana** (born 31 October 1993) is a British politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Coventry South since 2019. She was a Labour Party MP until the whip was suspended in July 2024.

She resigned her Labour Party membership on 3 July 2025 and later said she planned on creating a new left-wing political party with the former Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn. The party has been temporarily defined as the Your Party (UK).

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **party**: Independent politician, Independent
- **otherparty**: Labour Party (UK), Labour (2010–2025)
Socialist Campaign Group
- **birth place**: Lozells, Birmingham, England
- **alma mater**: University of Birmingham (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
- **office**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
 for Coventry South
- **termstart**: 12 December 2019
- **predecessor**: Jim Cunningham (politician), Jim Cunningham
- **majority**: 10,201 (23.9%)
- **image**: Official portrait of Zarah Sultana MP crop 2, 2024.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2024
- **office1**: Chairperson of the Socialist Campaign Group
- **predecessor1**: Lloyd Russell-Moyle and Richard Burgon
- **term start1**: 6 May 2020
- **term end1**: 28 February 2025
Sarah Pochin

**Sarah Joanne Pochin** (_née_ **Hyde**; born June 1969) is a British Reform UK politician. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Runcorn and Helsby since 2025.

She currently holds the record for the smallest margin of victory in modern British by-election history, having won the 2025 May by-election by just six votes. She is the first non-Labour MP elected in Runcorn in over fifty years.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sarah Pochin
- **image**: File:Official_portrait_of_Sarah_Pochin_MP.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 2025
- **parliament**: UK
- **constituency mp**: Runcorn and Helsby
- **predecessor**: Mike Amesbury
- **majority**: 6 (0.02%)
- **term start**: 1 May 2025
- **office1**: Mayor of Cheshire East
- **term start1**: 25 November 2021
- **term end1**: 19 May 2022
- **predecessor1**: Barry Burkhill
- **successor1**: David Marren
- **office2**: Councillor, Member of Cheshire East Council
- **subterm3**: **Ward**
- **suboffice3**: Willaston, Cheshire East, Willaston & Rope, Cheshire, Rope
- **term start3**: 7 May 2015
- **term end3**: 2 May 2019
- **predecessor3**: Handforth Town Council, Brian Silvester
- **successor3**: Allen Gage
- **subterm2**: **Ward**
- **suboffice2**: Bunbury, Cheshire, Bunbury
- **term start2**: 2 May 2019
- **term end2**: 4 May 2023
- **predecessor2**: Chris Green
- **successor2**: Rebecca Posnett
- **birth name**: Sarah Joanne Hyde
- **party**: Reform UK (since 2025)
- **otherparty**: Conservative Party (UK), Conservative (until 2020; 2022)
Independent politician, Independent (2020–2022; 2022–2025)
- **education**: Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls
- **alma mater**: Loughborough University
- **children**: 2
- **spouse**: Jonathan Pochin
Jind Kaur

**Maharani Jind Kaur**  ( – 1 August 1863) was ruler of the Sikh Empire from 1843 until 29 March 1847. After the Sikh Empire ended on 29 March 1847, the Sikhs claimed her as the Maharani and successor of Maharaja Duleep Singh. However, on the same day the British took full control and refused to accept this.

She was the youngest wife of the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire, Ranjit Singh, and the mother of the last Maharaja, Duleep Singh. She was famous for her beauty, energy but also because of the fear she gave the British in India, who described her as "the Messalina of the Punjab".

After the assassinations of Ranjit Singh's first three successors, her son Duleep Singh came to power in September 1843 at the age of 5 and Jind Kaur became ruler on her son's behalf. After the Sikhs lost the First Anglo-Sikh War she was replaced by the British.  However she still had power over people - so the British imprisoned and exiled her. Over thirteen years passed before she was again allowed to see her son, who was taken to England.

It was in January 1861 Duleep Singh was allowed to meet his mother in Calcutta and took her with him back to England, where she remained until her death in Kensington, London, on 1 August 1863 at the age of 46. She was first buried in Kensal Green Cemetery but then cremated the following year at Nashik, near Bombay. Her ashes were finally taken to the her husband's memorial in Lahore by her granddaughter.

## Books

- _The Encyclopedia of Sikhism_, Harbans Singh, Editor-in-Chief, Punjabi University, 2002
- _The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography_, Oxford University Press, January 2012 edition
- B S Nijjar, _Maharani Jind Kaur_, Punjab Govt. Records
- Christy Campbell, _The Maharajah's Box_, Harper Collins, 2010,
- E Dalhousie Login, _Lady Login's Recollections_, Smith Elder, 1916

## Infobox (royalty)

- **succession**: Sikh Empire, Maharani of the Sikh Empire
- **reign**: 1847 (nominal power)
- **reign-type**: Tenure
- **predecessor**: Duleep Singh (as Maharaja)
- **reign-type2**: Regency
- **reign2**: 1843 –  1847
- **pre-type2**: Monarch
- **predecessor2**: Duleep Singh
- **succession2**: Regent of the Sikh Empire
- **name**: Maharani Jind Kaur
- **title**: 2nd Maharani of the Sikh Empire
- **image**: Maharani Jind Kaur.jpg
- **image size**: 250
- **caption**: Portrait by George Richmond,
- **successor**: East India Company
- **birth place**: Chichrianwali, Gujranwala, Sikh Empire

- **death place**: Kensington, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- **religion**: Sikhism
- **house**: Sukerchakia (by marriage)
- **spouse**: Ranjit Singh, Maharaja Ranjit Singh (m.1829; died 1839)
- **issue**: Maharaja Duleep Singh
- **father**: Manna Singh Aulakh
Messalina

**Valeria Messalina** (; ) was the third wife of Roman emperor Claudius. She was a cousin of Emperor Nero, a second cousin of Emperor Caligula, and a great-grandniece of Emperor Augustus. She was a powerful and influential woman known for promiscuity, she allegedly conspired against her husband and was executed on the discovery of the plot.

## Early life

Little is known about Messalina's life before her marriage in 38 to her cousin Claudius, who was then about 47 years old. They had two children: a daughter Claudia Octavia (born 39 or 40), a future empress, stepsister, and first wife to the emperor Nero; and a son, Britannicus. When the Emperor Caligula was murdered in 41, the Praetorian Guard made Claudius the new emperor and Messalina became empress.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **consort**: yes
- **name**: Valeria Messalina
- **image**: File:Messalina from Rome Louvre Ma1224 n3.jpg
- **caption**: Statue of Messalina holding her son Britannicus, at the Louvre, ca 45 CE
- **succession**: Roman empress
- **reign**: 24 January 41 – 48
- **birth date**: 25 January AD 17 or 20
- **birth place**: Rome, Roman Italy, Italy
- **death date**: 48 (aged 28 or 31)
- **death place**: Gardens of Lucullus, Rome, Italy
- **spouse**: Claudius
- **issue**: Claudia Octavia
Britannicus
- **father**: Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus
- **mother**: Domitia Lepida
Consumption of Tide Pods

Tide Pods are a brand of laundry detergent pod that has been sold by Procter & Gamble (P&G) since 2012. Eating Tide Pods can kill a person. However, children and people with dementia can think that Tide Pods are candy, which is dangerous.

Because of this, Tide Pods were called an emerging health risk by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2012. Between 2012 and 2013, over 7,000 cases of young children eating laundry pods were recorded, and six people died after eating laundry pods. To stop this from happening, P&G changed Tide Pod containers to an opaque design, added warning labels, and made the pod taste bitter.

In late December 2017, an Internet meme formed about Tide Pods. This led to the "Tide Pod Challenge", where people ate the pods on purpose.  Google and Facebook removed videos about this challenge, and P&G used advertisements to stop people from eating the pods.
Al Cowlings

**Allen Cedric** "**A.C.**" **Cowlings** (born June 16, 1947) is an American former professional football player and actor. He played college football for the USC Trojans. He was a starter at various defensive positions for the Buffalo Bills, Houston Oilers, Los Angeles Rams, Seattle Seahawks, and the San Francisco 49ers, until retiring after the 1979 season.

Cowlings is most known for his role in helping his close friend O. J. Simpson run away from the police on June 17, 1994, after Simpson was accused of killing his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman. After leading police on a low-speed chase in his now famous white Ford Bronco, Cowlings drove Simpson back to his home where both were arrested. Cowlings was arrested for helping a fugitive, although the charges against Cowlings would later be dropped.

## Infobox (nfl biography)

- **name**: Al Cowlings
- **position**: Linebacker
 Defensive end
 Defensive tackle
- **number**: 82, 76, 70, 72, 79
- **birth place**: San Francisco, California, U.S.
- **draftyear**: 1970
- **draftround**: 1
- **draftpick**: 5
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 5
- **weight lb**: 255
- **high school**: Galileo High School, Galileo
- **college**: USC Trojans football, USC
- **teams**: * Buffalo Bills (1970 NFL season, 1970–1972 NFL season, 1972)
* Houston Oilers (1973 NFL season, 1973–1974 NFL season, 1974)
* Los Angeles Rams (1975 NFL season, 1975)
* Seattle Seahawks (1976 NFL season, 1976)
* Los Angeles Rams (1977 NFL season, 1977)
*Montreal Alouettes (1978 CFL season, 1978)
* San Francisco 49ers (1979 NFL season, 1979)
- **highlights**: * First-team College Football All-America Team, All-American (1969 College Football All-America Team, 1969)
* First-team List of All-Pac-12 Conference football teams, All-Pac-8 (1969 All-Pacific-8 Conference football team, 1969)
* Second-team All-Pac-8 (1968 All-Pacific-8 Conference football team, 1968)
- **statlabel1**: Games played
- **statvalue1**: 101
- **pfr**: C/CowlAl20
2025 Dhaka fighter jet crash

On 21 July 2025, an FT-7BGI training fighter jet of the Bangladesh Air Force crashed into Milestone College campus at Diabari, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The crash happened at around 1:18PM (BST) when the jet was landing at BAF Base Bir Uttom A. K. Khandker while students were going to classes at Milestone. At least 20 deaths, mostly children, and 171 injuries have been reported.

## Infobox (aircraft occurrence)

- **name**: Dhaka FT-7BGI fighter jet crash
- **image**: Chengdu F-7 (F701) ThunderCat Bangladesh Air Force.jpg
- **caption**: FT-7BGI, the aircraft involved, in 2021
- **date**: 21 July 2025
- **site**: Milestone College campus, Diabari, Uttara, Dhaka, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **type**: Crashed shortly after takeoff; under investigation
- **total fatalities**: 22
- **total injuries**: 171
- **aircraft type**: List of Chengdu J-7 variants#F-7BGI, Chengdu FT-7BGI
- **plane1 icao**: J7
- **tail number**: 701
- **origin**: BAF Base Bir Uttom A. K. Khandker
- **occupants**: 1
- **crew**: 1
- **fatalities**: 1
- **survivors**: 0
- **ground fatalities**: 19
- **ground injuries**: 171
Mercedes-Benz Cito

The **Mercedes-Benz Cito** is a midibus. It has a low-floor. It was made from 1999 to 2003 by EvoBus.

The Cito was made in three lengths, the lengths were: 8,100 mm, 8,900 mm, 9,600 mm.

In 2006, it was replaced by the Mercedes-Benz Citaro K.

## Related pages

- List of buses

## Infobox (uk bus)

- **name**: Mercedes-Benz Cito O520
- **image**: Cito RTM.jpg
- **caption**: Mercedes-Benz Cito (O520)
- **manufacturer**: Mercedes-Benz buses, Mercedes-Benz
- **production**: 1999–2003
- **assembly**: Germany: Mannheim (EvoBus)
- **factory**: EVObus Mercedes benz
- **replaced**: citaro k
- **capacity**: 12/16/20 seats
- **operator**: scotturb
- **class**: Midibus
- **length**: ,
 ,

- **floortype**: Low-floor bus, Low floor
- **doors**: 2
- **weight**: 12120
- **chassis**: 160(169.031.169.331)
- **engine**: OM 904 Euro 2,125kw,2300 rpm
- **transmission**: Diesel-electric
Byerlee's law

**Byerlee's law** is a scientific rule that explains how much shear stress (sideways force) is needed to make one rock surface slide over another. This depends on how strongly the rocks are being pressed together, which is called normal stress. The law is very important in geophysics and structural geology. It helps scientists understand how faults (cracks in the Earth’s crust) move and how earthquakes start.

The law is named after James D. Byerlee, an American scientist who studied this in the 1960s and 1970s. He did many lab experiments with different kinds of rocks and under different pressure conditions. From this, he came up with a rule that can be used to predict when rocks will start to slide.

Byerlee’s law is written in two parts, depending on how big the normal stress is:
- If the normal stress is less than 200 megapascals (MPa): Shear stress (τ) = 0.85 × normal stress (σₙ)
- If the normal stress is more than 200 MPa: Shear stress (τ) = 50 + 0.6 × normal stress (σₙ)

In these formulas:
- τ (tau) is the shear stress needed for sliding
- σₙ (sigma-n) is the normal stress pushing the rocks together

These equations show that rocks have a fairly steady friction level, usually between 0.6 and 0.85. The second formula adds 50 MPa to account for extra strength (called cohesion) that happens under higher pressure.

Byerlee's law is important because it is simple and works in many situations. Even though it was based on small lab tests, it fits what we see in real faults quite well. Scientists use this law in computer models to study how stress builds up in the Earth, how earthquakes happen, and how safe or dangerous certain areas might be. The law is also a key part of a bigger idea called the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, which helps predict when rocks will break or slide.

Byerlee's law is especially useful for understanding tectonic earthquakes, which happen when stress on a fault gets strong enough to overcome friction, causing a sudden slip and shaking the ground. The law is also used in mining, oil and gas drilling, and in studying human-caused earthquakes (like those from injecting water underground or using fracking). Over the years, scientists have added new ideas to improve Byerlee's law. These include the effects of temperature, water pressure, fault materials, and slow movements like creep. But the original version of the law is still widely used because it works well for many types of rocks, including granite, basalt, sandstone, and shale.
National Film Awards

The **National Film Awards** are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry.

## Other websites

- National Film Awards at IMDb

## Infobox (award)

- **current awards**: 70th National Film Awards
- **image**: Vigyan Bhawan Delhi P 20170403 093253.jpg
- **caption**: Vigyan Bhawan, where the National Film Awards are presented annually.
- **awarded for**: Excellence in cinematic achievements for Cinema of India, Indian cinema
- **presenter**: National Film Development Corporation of India, National Film Development Corporation
- **location**: Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi
- **country**: India
Silence Between Songs

***Silence Between Songs*** is the second studio album by American pop singer Madison Beer.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Silence Between Songs
- **type**: Album
- **artist**: Madison Beer
- **released**: September 15, 2023
- **genre**: Pop
- **length**: 44:47
- **language**: English
- **label**: Epic Sing It Loud
- **prev title**: Life Support
Adelphi, Maryland

**Adelphi** is an unincorporated area and census-designated place in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 16,823 in 2020.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Adelphi, Maryland
- **settlement type**: Census-designated place
- **image skyline**: Adelphi Mill 1.jpgborder
- **imagesize**: 275px
- **image caption**: The Adelphi Mill in July 2007
- **image map**: Prince_George's_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Adelphi_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location of Adelphi, Maryland
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Maryland, County
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 7.04
- **area land km2**: 7.03
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **area total sq mi**: 2.72
- **area land sq mi**: 2.72
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 16823
- **population density km2**: 2391.72
- **population density sq mi**: 6194.04
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **elevation m**: 52
- **elevation ft**: 171
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 20783, 20787
- **area codes**: Area codes 301 and 240, 301, 240
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 24-00400
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0596997
Ho Chi Minh (disambiguation)

**Hồ Chí Minh** (1890–1969) was a Vietnamese communist leader.

**Hồ Chí Minh** may also mean:
- Hồ Chí Minh City, the largest city in Vietnam
- Hồ Chí Minh trail, logistical system used during the Vietnam War.
- Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization a communist youth organization
- Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union
- Ho Chi Minh Thought
- Hồ Chí Minh Prize
- Ho Chi Minh Highway
Percy Barnevik

**Percy Nils Barnevik** (13 February 1941 – 18 July 2025) was a Swedish businessman. He was best known for being the CEO and later chairman of ABB. He was part of a pension dispute in Sweden in 2002 that made national news. He was the co-founder of the non-profit organization Hand in Hand.

Barnevik died on 18 July 2025 at a hospital in Stockholm, Sweden from problems caused by a stroke at the age of 84.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Percy Barnevik
- **image**: Barnevik at Internationales Management Symposium 1996.png
- **alt**: Bearded caucasian male, in his fifties, wearing a suit making a speech; his image is projected on a large screen behind him
- **caption**: Barnevik at Internationales Management Symposium 1996
- **birth name**: Percy Nils Barnevik
- **birth place**: Simrishamn, Sweden
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **nationality**: Swedish
- **occupation**: Business executive
- **alma mater**: Gothenburg School of Business, Economics and Law
Spinnin (Madison Beer song)

**“Spinnin”** is a song by American singer Madison Beer. It was released on August 18, 2023 it is the fifth single from Silence Between Songs.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Spinnin
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Madison Beer
- **album**: Silence Between Songs
- **released**: August 18, 2023
- **genre**: Pop
- **length**: 2:46
- **label**: Epic Records
- **prev title**: Home To Another One
- **next title**: Make You Mine
1989 (disambiguation)

**1989** was a common year starting on Sunday in the Gregorian calendar.

**1989** may also refer to:

## Albums

- _1989_ (album), a 2014 album by Taylor Swift
    - _1989 (Taylor's Version)_, a re-recording of the album, 2023
    - _1989_ (Ryan Adams album), a 2015 cover album
- _1989_, a 1989 album reissued in 2009 by After Crying
- _1989_, a 2009 album by Jacopo Sarno
- _1989_, a 2014 album by the Virginia Sil'hooettes
- _1989_, a 2017 album by Rune Reilly Kölsch
- _1989: The Best of Power of Dreams_, a 2010 album by Power of Dreams

## Songs

- "1989", a song by Clem Snide from the album _Your Favorite Music_, 1999
- "1989", a song by Less Than Jake from the album _Borders & Boundaries_, 2000
- "1989", a song by Titiyo from the album _Come Along_, 2001
- "1989", a song by Mindless Self Indulgence from the album _You'll Rebel to Anything_, 2005
- "1989", a song by Portugal. The Man from the album _Censored Colors_, 2008
- "1989", a song by Civet from the album _Hell Hath No Fury_, 2008
- "1989", a song by the Rakes from the album _Klang_, 2009
- "1989", a song by Devlin from the album _Bud, Sweat and Beers_, 2010
- "1989", a song by Chris August from the album _The Upside of Down_, 2012
- "1989", a 1978 song by Spizzenergi
- "1989", a 2003 song by the Spits
- "1989", a 2010 song by Power of Dreams

## Related pages

- 1998 (disambiguation)
Dead End Drive-In

***Dead End Drive-In*** is a 1986 Australian science fiction action movie directed by Brian Trenchard-Smith and starring Ned Manning, Natalie McCurry, Peter Whitford, Wilbur Wilde, Ollie Hall, Brett Climo. It was distributed by New World Pictures.
Strange Conquest

***Strange Conquest*** is a 1946 American drama movie directed by John Rawlins. It stars Jane Wyatt, Lowell Gilmore, Julie Bishop, Peter Cookson, Milburn Stone, Samuel S. Hinds and Abner Biberman. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Just My Luck (1957 movie)

***Just My Luck*** is a 1957 British comedy movie directed by John Paddy Carstairs and starring Norman Wisdom, Margaret Rutherford, Jill Dixon, Leslie Phillips, Peter Copley, Joan Sims, Edward Chapman, Marjorie Rhodes.
Kasane Teto

**Kasane Teto** () is an  virtual singer software (voicebank). She was originally created on 1 April 2008 as a parody of Hatsune Miku. The voicebank for the character was later made. Since then, Teto has become popular among Vocaloid fans.

## History

Kasane Teto started as an April Fools 2008 joke on Japanese internet forum . The software was a parody of Hatsune Miku, but was later made compatible with the voice synth software UTAU. Voice actress Mayo Oyamano provided voice samples for Teto. The rights holders created the group TwinDrill in 2009 to promote the character. TwinDrill agreed to make  the future point of contact for commercial use.

Throughout the 2010s, Kasane Teto had more songs released, and a DLC appearance in __. For the 15th anniversary on 1 April 2023, AH-Software Co. Ltd. announced the Synthesizer V AI version of Teto. This voicebank was later released on 27 April 2023.

## Character

Kasane Teto is a 31 year old, often seen as female due to her clothes and voice. However the community regard her as a "chimera".

## Reception

Despite not being a Vocaloid, Kasane Teto has gained popularity among Vocaloid fans.  reported in 2025 that five of the ten most popular Vocaloid songs in Japan featured Teto. This number is more than three other songs Hatsune Miku is featured in. Teto is also reported to be the second most used voice behind Miku.

### Notable songs

|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Title|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Artist|scope="col" rowspan="2"|Year|scope="col" colspan="2"|Peak chart positions|rowspan="2"|YouTube Views|rowspan="2" scope="col"|Sources|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Yoshida Yasei|2023|75|1|78M||||||||
|Satsuki / 32ki|rowspan="2"|2024|65|1|147M|||||||
||35|1|78M|||||||||

|Awards|Category|Song|Artist|Year|Result|Sources|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|scope="row" rowspan="4"||rowspan="4"|Best Vocaloid Culture Song|"Override"|Yoshida Yasei|2023|rowspan="4" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="no table-no2 notheme"|Nominated|rowspan="4"||
|"Medicine" ("Igaku")|Sasuke Haraguchi|scope="col" rowspan="3"|2024||||||||
|"Mesmerizer"|Satsuki / 32ki||||||||||
|"Tetoris"|Hiiragi Magnetite||||||||||

## Infobox (software)

- **title**: Kasane Teto
- **logo**: Tetologo roma.png
- **logo caption**: The logo for the software
- **logo size**: 200px
- **latest release version**: Kasane Teto AI ver 104
- **genre**: Singing voice synthesiser
The Man Without a Map

***The Man Without a Map*** is a 1968 Japanese mystery thriller movie directed by Hiroshi Teshigahara. The screenplay was based on the novel _The Ruined Map_ by Kōbō Abe. It stars Shintaro Katsu, Etsuko Ichihara, Kiyoshi Atsumi, Tamao Nakamura and Kinzō Shin.
Résumé (disambiguation)

A **résumé** is a summary of a person's employment and education. It is used when (trying to find, or) seeking work.

**Résumé** or **resume** can be
- _Résumé_ (album), a 2012 album by Eberhard Weber
- _Resumé_ (magazine), a Swedish magazine
- _Résumé_, a 1999 album by John Taylor
Nelson Castro

**Nelson Alberto Castro** (Born; April 5, 1955) is an Argentine television presenter, writer, neurologist and journalist. He is one of the journalists with the greatest coverage worldwide.

Currently on television he works as host of the news program Telenoche broadcast by El Trece and El Corresponsal on TN.

### Birth and early life

He was born on April 5, 1955, in San Martín, a town located in the northern part of Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina.

He is the son of Nelson Castro (Sr.) and Elsa Castro. Castro graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires with a Medical Degree with Honors and practiced neurology until 1993.

### Journalism

He studied journalism at the Grafotécnico Institute and the School of Sports Journalists, later earning a master's degree in political journalism in the U.S. He began in sports journalism but soon shifted to politics and international reporting.

In 1986, he received a World Press Institute scholarship and was the only Argentine journalist authorized to attend President Ronald Reagan’s press briefings. During the 1991 Gulf War, he reported from Buenos Aires and managed to speak with Allied soldiers. He also interviewed Nicaragua’s President Violeta Chamorro.

He was in New York during the 9/11 attacks, providing exclusive coverage. In 2016, he covered President Barack Obama’s historic visit to Cuba. In 2022, he traveled to Ukraine to report on the Russian invasion and returned in December to show how the holidays were experienced during wartime.

In 2023, he was confirmed as the host of **Telenoche** on El Trece, alongside Dominique Metzger.

### 2025 papal conclave

In 2025, he was assigned to cover the Papal Conclave on TN, and announced five days before that Leo XIV could be elected pope, as Pietro Parolin's popularity had weakened. Also on the same day of the announcement, an hour before, he had said that the white smoke would be given on the day.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Nelson Castro
- **image**: Nelson Castro - 2018.png
- **birth name**: Nelson Alberto Castro
- **birth place**: San Martín, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
- **occupation**: Journalist, physician, writer
- **language**: Spanish
- **nationality**: Argentine
- **citizenship**: Argentina
4J Studios

**4J Studios Limited** is a Scottish video game developer based in Dundee. Founded in April 2005 by VIS Entertainment Chris van der Kuyl, Paddy Burns and Frank Arnot, the company is best known for porting Mojang Studios' _Minecraft_ to consoles and other platforms.

## History

4J Studios was founded by Chris van der Kuyl, Paddy Burns and Frank Arnot on 19 April 2005.

### Minecraft

On May 9, 2012, 4J Studios released a port of Minecraft to the Xbox 360. They would later make ports to Xbox One and PlayStation 3.

### Reforj

In 2024, 4J Studios announces a new survival sandbox game called Reforj.
Gareth Coker

**Gareth Coker** is a composer and producer who lives in United Kingdom.

He has made music for many different video games, such as Minecraft, _Ori and the Blind Forest_, _Ori and the Will of the Wisps_, _ARK: Survival Evolved_, _ARK: Survival Ascended_, _Halo Infinite_, _Prince of Persia: The Lost Crown_ and _No Rest for the Wicked._
Kumi Tanioka

**Kumi Tanioka** (谷岡久美, _Tanioka Kumi_; August 29, 1974) is a Japanese composer and pianist. Born in Hiroshima, Japan, she graduated from Kobe University with a degree in musical performance, and began working as a video game composer in 1998. She joined video game developer and publisher Square that same year, and worked on over 15 games, before leaving to work as an independent composer in 2010.

Tanioka is best known for composing for the _Final Fantasy_ series.
Bayraktar TB2

**Bayraktar TB2** is a Turkish-made drone.

It is a Turkish-made medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which has ability to be remotely controlled or autonomous flight operations. The UAV made in 2014. It is manufactured by the Turkish company Baykar Company, mainly produced for the Turkish Armed Forces. The credit for the development of the UAV has been given to Selçuk Bayraktar.

TB2 drone had globally passed 400,000 flight hours in 2021. Even though the main user is the Turkish Army, TB2 also sold to the other countries like Azerbaijan, Poland, Libya and more. Bayraktar TB2 has a big operational past since its production, the biggest examples are the attacks on the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and People's Protection Units (YPG/SDF) targets in Iraq and Syria. TB2 also used by armies during the other conflicts in the world like a number of other nations around the world, most likely Azerbaijan in the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, by the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, as much as by the Ethiopian National Defense Force during the Tigray War and Government of National Accord during the Libyan civil war of 2014-2020.

By 2023, 600 Bayraktar drone has been produced by Baykar company.
Pedostibes tuberculosus

The **Malabar tree toad**, **Western Ghats tree toad**, or **warty Asian tree toad** (_Pedostibes tuberculosus_) is a species of frog. It lives in India.

## Body

The adult frog is  35.0 - 47.2 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is brown-gray in color with dark marks. The belly is white with black marks. There is a white stripe from each eye to the where the front legs meet the body. There is another white stripe on the body. This frog has many bumps on its skin.

## Name

Scientists named the frog _tuberculosus_ because of the bumps on its skin, called "tubercules" in English. People call it "Malabar tree toad" in English because the place where scientists found it was called "Malabar" in the past.

## Home

This frog can climb trees. It mostly lives in evergreen forests high on the flat land, but it can live in other forests too. People see them on near streams and on plants. Scientists saw this frog between 300 and 1800 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen this frog in protected places: Konya Wild Life Sanctuary, Cotigao Wild Life Sanctuary, Indira Ghandi National Park, Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Ponmudi Hills National Park, and Silent Valley National Park.

## Young

This frog has young when the monsoon rains start. The tadpoles swim in streams. The tadpoles have suckers on their bodies. Scientists think they eat plants from the bottoms of the streams. The youngest tadpoles are clear in color except for the yolk sac. As they grow, they turn brown, sometimes with silver marks.

## Danger

Scientists from the IUCN say this frog is not in danger of dying out. Human beings change the places where the frog lives to make farms and other things that people use. People also make dams and change streams. People also hit the frog with cars. Because the frogs make groups of 10-15 during the breeding season, people can hit many frogs at the same time.

Climate change could hurt this frog. This frog has young at only one time: the beginning of the monsoon rains. If the rains move, the frog could stop having young.

In 2020, scientists looked at the frogs to see if the dangerous fungus _Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis_ was living on them. They did not find any of the fungus. But they did find the fungus on other frogs in the same place. That means that the fungal disease chytridiomycosis might be a danger to _P. tuberculosus_ and might not.
CV

**CV**, **Cv**, or **cv** may refer to:
- Curriculum vitae, a summary of academic and professional history and achievements

**CV**, **Cv**, or **cv** can be

## Businesses and organisations

- Cargolux (IATA designator CV), a Luxembourg cargo airline
- , a German umbrella organisation of Catholic student fraternities
- Central Vermont Railway, a railway that operated in the a part of the United States,  New England
- Christian Voice (UK), a UK advocacy group
- ('red command'), a Brazilian criminal organization
- , a student group at Columbia University

## Computing and electronics

- Capacitance voltage profiling, a technique in regard to [semiconductor materials, or) to characterize semiconductor materials and devices
- Computer vision, methods of (getting, or) extracting information and meaning from images and video
- Constant voltage source, electrical description
- CV/Gate, a control voltage and gate solution
- Cross-validation (statistics), a method to separate data in machine learning

## Literature and media

- _CV_ (novel), a novel by Damon Knight
- Character voice, or CV

- C5 (disambiguation), including a list of topics named C.V., etc.