Vargas Era

The **Vargas Era** (Portuguese: _Era Vargas_; ) is the period in the history of Brazil between 1930 and 1945, when the country was governed by President Getúlio Vargas.

## Fall of the First Republic

The **First Brazilian Republic** is the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930. The Old Republic began with the deposition of Emperor Pedro II in 1889, and ended with the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a new president.

During this time, Brazil was affected by the Great Depression because the economy need foreign markets and loans. The limited industrial development in São Paulo, the export of coffee and other agricultural products were not enough to help the economy.

## Second Republic

The period from 1930 to 1937 is known as the **Second Brazilian Republic**, Vargas followed a path of social reformism in attempt to reconcile radically diverging interests of his supporters. His policies can best be described collectively as like those of fascist Italy under Mussolini, with an increased reliance on populism. Reflecting the influence of the _tenentes_, he even advocated a program of social welfare and reform similar to New Deal in the United States, prompting U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to proudly refer to him as "one of two people who invented the New Deal."Vargas sought to bring Brazil out of the Great Depression through statist-interventionist policies. He satisfied the demands of the rapidly growing urban bourgeois groups, voiced by the new (to Brazil) mass-ideologies of populism and nationalism. Like Roosevelt, his first steps focused on economic stimulus, a program on which all factions could agree.

## Third Republic (_Estado Novo_)

The period from 1937 to 1945 is known as the **Third Brazilian Republic,** or **Estado Novo.** Vargas' four-year term as President under the 1934 Constitution was going to expire in 1938, however, Vargas managed to stay in power after the 1937 Brazilian coup d'état. Through this period, a series of measures were used to restrain political opposition, such as the nomination of Intervenors for the States and censorship of the media.

## Related pages

- Military dictatorship in Brazil

## Infobox (country)

- **native name**: **Republic of the United States of Brazil**

******<hr>**United States of Brazil**

******
- **p1**: First Brazilian Republic
- **flag p1**: Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg
- **s1**: Fourth Brazilian Republic
- **flag s1**: Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg
- **image flag**: Flag of Brazil (1889-1960).svg
- **flag type**: Flag
- **image map**: Brazil (orthographic projection).svg
- **image map alt**: Globe focused on South America with Brazil highlighted in green
- **symbol type**: Coat of arms
- **image coat**: Coat of arms of Brazil (1889–1968).svg
- **capital**: Rio de Janeiro
- **national motto**: "Ordem e Progresso"
<small>"Order and Progress"</small>
- **national anthem**: _Brazilian National Anthem, Hino Nacional Brasileiro_
()
<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"></div>
- **common languages**: Portuguese language, Portuguese
- **government type**: Provisional government (1930–1934)<hr>Representative democracy (1934–1937)<hr>Authoritarian dictatorship (1937–1945)
- **title leader**: List of presidents of Brazil, President
- **leader1**: _Brazilian Military Junta of 1930, Provisional Military Junta_
- **year leader1**: 1930
- **leader2**: Getúlio Vargas
- **year leader2**: 1930–1945
- **leader3**: José Linhares
- **year leader3**: 1945–1946
- **currency**:

- **life span**: 1930–1946
- **event start**: Revolution of 1930
- **date start**: 3 October
- **year start**: 1930
- **event1**: History of the Constitution of Brazil#Third Constitution (1934), New Constitution
- **date event1**: 16 July 1934
- **date event2**: 23 November 1935
- **event3**: #Third Brazilian Republic (Estado Novo), _Estado Novo_ 1937 Brazilian coup d'état, coup
- **date event3**: 10 November 1937
- **event4**: Brazilian Expeditionary Force, Entry into WWII
- **date event4**: 22 August 1942
- **date event5**: 24 October 1945
- **date end**: 29 October
- **year end**: 1945
- **date post**: 18 September 1946