juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
House of Wittelsbach

The **Wittelsbach** family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.

Members of the family were rulers of Bavaria, either as Dukes, Electors or Kings, from 1180 until the revolution in 1918, after the defeat of Germany in World War I.

Other land, controlled by other branches of the family include

|Territory|From|To|Note|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Counts Palatine of the Rhine|1214|1803|Break during the Napoleonic Wars|
|1816|1918|||
|Margraves of Brandenburg|1323|1373||
|Counts of Holland|1345|1432||
|Counts of Hainaut||||
|Counts of Zeeland||||
|Elector-Archbishops of Cologne|1583|1761||
|Dukes of Jülich|1614|1794|Until occupied by the French|
|Dukes of Berg|1806|||
|Kings of Sweden|1441|1448|Christopher of Bavaria as Kristofer av Bayern|
|1654|1720|Charles X Gustav, Charles XI, Charles XII , Ulrika Eleonora||
|Dukes of Bremen-Verden|1654|1719||

Wittelsbachs also ruled as
|Title|Reign started|Reign ended|Note|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Holy Roman Emperor|1328|1347|Louis IV|
|1742|1745|Charles VII||
|King of the Romans|1400|1410|Rupert|
|Anti-Kings of Bohemia|1619|1620|Frederick V, the Winter King|
|1741|1743|Karel (VII) Albrecht Bavorský||
|King of Hungary|1305|1308|Béla V|
|King of Denmark|1440|1448|Christopher of Bavaria as Christoffer af Bayern|
|King of Norway|1442|Christopher of Bavaria as Christoffer av Bayern||
|King of Greece|1832|1862|Otto I of Greece|
Dodge Caravan

The **Dodge Caravan**, otherwise referred to as the **Dodge Grand Caravan** for the larger sized version, was an American minivan manufactured by FCA US, LLC. and sold by Dodge. The **Caravan** was introduced around 1983, and the **Grand Caravan** was introduced around 1987. The original Caravan was dropped after the 2007 model year and replaced by the **Dodge Journey**. The Grand Caravan has been redesigned many times through the years. Chrysler announced that 2015 would be the last model year for the Grand Caravan, as part of the plan to refocus Dodge as a performance brand. However, the Grand Caravan made a come for a later successor, until 2020.
Conversion van

The **conversion van** is a full-sized cargo van. The vans are sent to third party companies and then outfitted with luxuries for road trips and camping. They are available in high topped or in low topped versions, as office vans, travel vans and disability vans. Conversion vans began coming into style during the 1970s and 1980s. Early conversion vans were simply vans which had seats inserted in them.
Quinoa

**Quinoa** (_Chenopodium quinoa_; ( or , from Quechua **' or **') is a species of goosefoot (_Chenopodium_). It is a grain-like crop grown primarily for its edible seeds.

Quinoa is not a real cereal, or grain, but more of a vegetable, as it is not a member of the grass family. As a chenopod, quinoa is closely related to species such as beets, spinach, and tumbleweeds. Its leaves are also eaten as a leaf vegetable, much like amaranth. Quinoa greens are not widely available for purchase.  Quinoa gives high quality protein and other nutrients. It has been called a 'superfood'.

In February 2018, Malaysia's Prime Minister Najib Razak was mocked by the opposition for saying he no longer eats rice and now eats quinoa, which he claimed is healthier. He said his son introduced him to quinoa. Opposition leaders, including Mahathir Mohamad, criticized him for choosing the expensive quinoa, with Mahathir tweeting, "I only eat local rice."

## References

https://www.nasimahealth.com/is-quinoa-keto/
Chenopodioideae

The **Chenopodioideae** is a subfamily of flowering plants are family Amaranthaceae, formerly treated as a distinct family Chenopodiaceae and comprising all of the genera formerly included in this family except for those transferred to the subfamilies Salicornioideae and Salsoloideae. The precise circumscription of the subfamily is still uncertain, with research continuing; significant changes may occur to the genera included.

The subfamily as currently circumscribed has a cosmopolitan distribution, with about 1,400 species accepted. It is a particularly significant component of the vegetation of the arid region that extends from north Africa to central Asia.
Kathy Griffin

**Kathleen Mary "Kathy" Griffin** (born November 4, 1960) is an American actress, stand-up comedian and television writer and producer. She is also an LGBT rights advocate. She hosted her own talk show, _Kathy_. From 2007 until 2016, she presented the New Year's Eve celebrations from New York City for CNN along with Anderson Cooper.

## Early life

Griffin was born on November 4, 1960, in Oak Park, Illinois.  Her parents are John and Margaret Griffin.  She was raised in an Irish American, Roman Catholic household.  The youngest child in her family, she has three older brothers and one older sister.

## Career

Griffin is a Grammy Award and Emmy Award-winning comedienne.  She is known for shows such as _My Life on the D-List_.  She holds a Guinness World Record for the most comedy TV specials.

As Executive Producer and star of the series, Kathy Griffin accepted the Emmy won by the show. Her remarks upon receiving the award were: “Now, look, a lot of people come up here and they thank Jesus for this award. I want you to know that no one had less to do with this award than Jesus. He didn’t help me a bit. If it was up to him, Cesar Millan would be up here with that damn dog. So all I can say is suck it Jesus, this award is my God now”:

### 2017 Donald Trump controversy

On May 30, 2017, Griffin was pictured holding a false head in the image of President American Donald Trump that was covered in blood.  Because of this, she lost several sponsorship deals and was fired from CNN's New Year's Eve program.  Well-known photographer Tyler Shields was in charge of the photo shoot.

## Health

In August 2021, Griffin announced that she had been diagnosed with lung cancer and needed to have half of her left lung removed.

## Infobox (comedian)

- **embed**: yes


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kathy Griffin
- **image**: Kathy in 2008 cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Kathy Griffin, 2008
- **birth name**: Kathleen Mary Griffin
- **birth place**: Oak Park, Illinois, United States, U.S.
- **spouse**:

- **years active**: 1988–present
Juliette Lewis

**Juliette Lewis** (born June 21, 1973) is an American actress and singer. She gained fame for her role in the 1991 thriller _Cape Fear_. She was nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe. This followed with major roles in _What's Eating Gilbert Grape_, _Natural Born Killers_, _The Evening Star_, and _From Dusk Till Dawn_. Her work in television has earned her two Emmy nominations.

She was the lead singer of rock band "Juliette and the Licks". Her father was actor Geoffrey Lewis.

## Other websites

- Juliette Lewis's website

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Juliette Lewis by David Shankbone cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Lewis in February 2010
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **spouse**: Steve Berra
(m. 1999–2003, divorced)
- **occupation**: Actress/Musician
- **years active**: 1980–present
- **parents**: Geoffrey Lewis (dead)
Cam Plante

**Cam Plante** (born March 12, 1964 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman.  He was drafted in the seventh round, 128th overall, by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft.  He played two games in the National Hockey League with the Maple Leafs in the 1984–85 season.

Plante holds the Western Hockey League record for points in a season by a defenceman.  He scored 140 points as a member of the Brandon Wheat Kings in the 1983–84 WHL season. He finished his playing career with the Wichita Thunder of the CHL, having returned to North America following four seasons on the United Kingdom. Most of that time was spent with the Peterborough Pirates, but also encompassed short spells with the Chelmsford Chieftains and Humberside Hawks. He is the father of current Florida Panthers prospect Tyler Plante and current Edmonton Oilers prospect Alex Plante.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image size**: 230px
- **position**: Defenceman, Defence
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 185
- **birth place**: Brandon, Manitoba, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
- **played for**: Toronto Maple Leafs
- **draft**: 128th overall
- **draft year**: 1983
- **draft team**: Toronto Maple Leafs
- **career start**: 1984
- **career end**: 1998
Tyler Plante

**Tyler Plante** (born May 17, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender currently with the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League.

## Playing career

Tyler was drafted by the Florida Panthers in the second round, 32nd overall, in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft. Tyler gained NHL attention playing for the Brandon Wheat Kings of the Western Hockey League and earning the Jim Piggott Memorial Trophy as the top rookie of the WHL in the 2004–05 season. After three full seasons with the Wheat Kings Plante was signed by the Panthers to a three-year entry level contract on June 1, 2007. Since then, he has spent most of his playing time with the Florida Panthers AHL affiliate, the Rochester Americans.

He was recalled up to Florida for a pre-season game at the start of the 2008–09 NHL season, but did not get any playing time and started the season in Rochester. After a lackluster start with the Americans, he was demoted to the ECHL, and spent time with the Dayton Bombers. After spending over two months with the Bombers, he was called back up to Rochester, where he currently plays.

Plante was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and raised in Brandon, Manitoba. Plante was born in while his father Cam was a member of the Milwaukee Admirals. His brother Alex Plante was a first round draft pick of the Edmonton Oilers.

## Career statistics

|align="center" colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff"||align="center" rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||align="center" colspan="9" bgcolor="#e0e0e0"|Regular season|align="center" rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff"||align="center" colspan="8" bgcolor="#e0e0e0"|Playoffs|||||||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2003–04|Brandon Wheat Kings|WHL|2|0|0|1|58|2|0|2.07|.889|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
|2004–05|Brandon Wheat Kings|WHL|48|34|11|2|2833|122|6|2.58|.907|24|13|11|1408|69|0|2.94|.911|
|2005–06|Brandon Wheat Kings|WHL|60|25|24|5|3414|189|2|3.32|.898|6|2|4|360|18|0|3.00|.914|
|2006–07|Brandon Wheat Kings|WHL|54|30|14|2|3215|145|4|2.71|.911|11|6|5|659|37|0|3.37|.889|
|2007–08|Rochester Americans|AHL|25|6|16|1|1451|86|0|3.56|.885|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
|2007–08|Florida Everblades|ECHL|10|4|5|1|598|28|1|2.81|.921|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
|2008–09|Rochester Americans|AHL|19|5|10|1|904|49|0|3.25|.902|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
|2008–09|Dayton Bombers|ECHL|19|6|11|1|1076|60|0|3.35|.888|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
|2009–10|Rochester Americans|AHL|27|12|12|1|1487|66|3|2.66|.914|7|3|3|346|14|0|2.43|.935|

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: Tyler Plante.jpg
- **image size**: 230px
- **team**: Florida Panthers
- **prospect team**: Rochester Americans
- **prospect league**: American Hockey League, AHL
- **league**: National Hockey League, NHL
- **position**: Goaltender
- **catches**: Left
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 2
- **weight lb**: 191
- **birth place**: Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, WI, USA
- **draft**: 32nd overall
- **draft year**: 2005
- **draft team**: Florida Panthers
- **career start**: 2007
Sargon

**Sargon** may refer to different rulers. The name _Sargon_ is what texts in the Bible use, the people were not known as _Sargon_ in their native language:
- Sargon of Akkad, also known as _Sargon the Great_, Mesopotamian king
- Šarru-kên I, Assyrian king; the Bible refers to him as _Sargon I_
- Sargon II, Assyrian king
Urbi et Orbi

**Urbi et Orbi** ("to the City of Rome and to the World") was a standard opening of  proclamations in Imperial Rome.

Now _Urbi et Orbi_ refers to a papal address and Apostolic Blessing that is addressed  to the City of Rome and to the entire world from the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.  Usually they are only given at Christmas and Easter, but also the first speech of a new pope is Urbi et Orbi, and sometimes one is given to special gatherings of pilgrims in Rome and during Holy Years

The blessing after the speech is given in Latin, and usually many other languages too.  Catholics who listen to the blessing, either because they are present at the Vatican or because they are listening to the radio or television broadcasts, have their sins forgiven because the blessing includes a plenary indulgence.
Šarru-kên I

'
**Šarru-kên I**, also known as _Sargon I_ was the 35th king of Assyria. He reigned from 1920 BC to 1881 BC (Middle chronology), or 1856 to 1817 BC (short chronology). He bears the name Sargon with reference to Sargon of Akkad.
Quercus basaseachicensis

**Quercus basaseachicensis** is a kind of oak tree in the Fagaceae family. It is believed to be a cross of
_Quercus rugosa_ and _Quercus depressipes._ It is native to Chihuahua and Durango in Mexico, where there are five known small populations; one in Durango and four in Chihuahua.
Ringkøbing

**Ringkøbing** is a town in Ringkøbing-Skjern municipality in Region Midtjylland on the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark.

As of 1 January 2010, 9,850 people live in the town.

Archeologists believe that the town was started in the 13th century.
Sargon II

**Sargon II** (, "legitimate king", reigned 722 – 705 BC) was an Assyrian king. Sargon II became co-regent with Shalmaneser V in 722 BC.  Shalmaneser V died in 722 BC. From then on, Sargon II was the only ruler of Assyria.  It is not clear if he was the son of Tiglath-Pileser III or a usurper unrelated to the royal family. In his inscriptions, he styles himself as a new man and rarely talks about his predecessors. He nevertheless took the name _Sharru-kinu_ ("true king"), after Sargon of Akkad — who had founded the first Semitic Empire in the region about 16 centuries earlier. _Sargon_ is the Biblical form of the name.

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Sargon II
- **title**: Neo-Assyrian Empire, Assyrian
- **image**: Sargon II and dignitary.jpg
- **caption**: Sargon II and dignitary
- **reign**: 722 – 705 BC
- **predecessor**: Shalmaneser V
- **successor**: Sennacherib
- **royal house**: Neo-Assyrian Empire, Assyrian
Lewis and Harris

**Lewis and Harris** in the Outer Hebrides make up the largest island in Scotland. With an area of , this is the largest single island of the British Isles after Great Britain and Ireland.

The northern part of the island is called Lewis, the southern is Harris and both are frequently referred to as if they were separate islands. The boundary between Lewis and Harris is formed by a line with Loch Resort on the west and Loch Seaforth on the east. The main town is Stornoway in Lewis.

The island does not have a common name in either English or Scottish Gaelic and is referred to as 'Lewis and Harris'. Until 1975, Lewis belonged to the county of Ross and Cromarty and Harris to Inverness-shire. The entire island group now belongs to the Western Isles Council.

The island is the ancestral homeland of the Highland Clan MacLeod, and the Clan Morrison.
Station wagon

The **station wagon**, or **estate**, is a variant of sedan. The difference between station wagons and regular sedans is that the station wagon has no trunk. The roofs are extended backwards over a shared passenger or cargo volume with access in the back (like in hatchbacks, minivans, and SUVs).

The first station wagons were built around 1910. Their frames were built out of wood. By the 1950s, the wood was replaced with fake wood.

Station wagons became less popular because of the 1973 oil crisis in the United States. Station wagons have been mostly replaced by minivans/MPVs, SUVs, and crossovers. Modern station wagons include Subaru Forester, Mercedes-AMG E63 and several Audi automobiles. Other modern station wagons include the Mercedes-Benz E450 and Volvo 460.
Chevrolet Silverado

The **Chevrolet Silverado** and **GMC Sierra** are pickup trucks manufactured from General Motors. The Chevrolet Silverado first began around 1998, although the name **Silverado** actually got its use on pickup trucks beginning in 1975.
Chuck Scherza

**Chuck Scherza** (February 15, 1923 – March 16, 2014) is a former professional ice hockey player who played 11 seasons in the American Hockey League, winning a Calder Cup championship in 1949. He was born in Brandon, Manitoba.

## Awards and achievements

- Calder Cup (AHL) Championship (1949)
- "Honoured Member" of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **name**: Chuck Scherza
- **position**: Center (ice hockey), Centre
- **played for**: Boston Bruins
New York Rangers
Hershey Bears
Providence Reds
- **shoots**: Right
- **height ft**: 5
- **height in**: 10
- **weight lb**: 190
- **birth place**: Brandon, Manitoba, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
- **death place**: Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Pawtucket, Rhode Island, U.S.
- **career start**: 1943
- **career end**: 1959
Servant of God

**Servant of God** is a title given to individuals by different religions, but in general the phrase is used to describe a person believed to be pious in his or her faith tradition. In the Catholic Church, it designates someone who is being investigated by the Church for possibly being recognized as a saint. In the Eastern Orthodox churches, this term is used to refer to any Eastern Orthodox Christian.

The Arabic name Abdullah عبد الله, the Hebrew name Obadiah עובדיה and the German name Gottschalk literally mean "servant of God".

## Roman Catholicism

"Servant of God" is the title given to a deceased person of the Catholic Church whose life and works are being investigated in consideration for official recognition by the Pope and the Catholic Church as a saint in Heaven.
The process for canonization is under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

The title "Servant of God" () should not be confused with _Servus Servorum Dei_ (Servant of the Servants of God), one of the titles of the Pope.

Receiving  the title _Servant of God_ is the first of the four steps in the canonization process. The next step is being declared _Venerable_, upon a decree of heroicity or martyrdom by the honored. This is followed by beatification, with the title of _Blessed_, after the confirmation of miracles attributed to the honored.  The final step is canonization, where the honored would receive the title of _Saint_.
Venerable

**The Venerable** is used as a style in several Christian churches. It is also the common English-language translation of a number of Buddhist titles.

## Roman Catholic

In the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, _The Venerable,_ is the style used for a person who has been posthumously declared "heroic in virtue" during the investigation and process leading to possible canonization as a saint.  Before a person is  considered to be _venerable,_ he or she must be declared as such by a proclamation, approved by the Pope, of having lived a life that was "heroic in virtue" – the virtues being the Theological Virtues of faith, hope, and charity and the Cardinal Virtues of prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance.  The next step is beatification, at which point the person is referred to as _The Blessed_, and finally canonization, at which point the person is referred to as _Saint_. Two modern and well-known examples of those who have been declared venerable are Popes John Paul II and Pius XII, who were both declared venerable by Pope Benedict XVI in December 2009, and who are likely to be beatified soon.

The 7-8th-century English monk St. Bede was referred to as being _venerable_ soon after his death and, by tradition, is therefore often referred to as "the Venerable Bede" despite his also having been canonized.  St Bede was the first person to be recorded as _The Venerable_.
Jane Pauley

**Margaret "Jane" Pauley** (born October 31, 1950) is a news anchor and reporter. She hosted _NBC Today_ between 1976 and 1989 and _Dateline NBC_ starting in 1992 and ending in 2003. Pauley was born in Indianapolis.

## Other websites

- Ubben Lecture at DePauw University on April 17, 2009
- Lawsuit filed against _The New York Times_ and DeWitt Publishing
- Jane Pauley Named 2007 Winner of Cronkite Award

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jane Pauley
- **image**: Jane Pauley 2012 Shankbone.JPG
- **caption**: Pauley at the 2012 Time 100
- **birth name**: Margaret Jane Pauley
- **birth place**: Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
- **occupation**: News anchor
Television host
- **years active**: 1972–present
- **children**: 3
- **alma mater**: Indiana University Bloomington (B.A., Political Science, 1972)
Burrito

A **burrito** is a traditional Mexican dish. It is based on a tortilla filled with foods such as meat, beans or cheese. They use foods such as Mexican rice, beans, lettuce, salsa (such as pico de gallo), meat (such as carne asada), avocado, cheese, and sour cream. Burritos are popular in the United States along with tacos and tostadas.

## Related pages

- Lahmacun
- Tex-Mex
Port of Gladstone

The **Port of Gladstone** is a seaport in Gladstone, Queensland. It exports the fourth largest amount of coal of any seaport in the world.

The port has several different parts to it. Auckland Point was where coal began to be exported in 1925.
Later, live horses were moved there in the mid-1930s. Barney Point was used to export coal from Moura. Barney Point was made part of the Port of Gladstone in November 1998.

The Fisherman’s Landing part was opened in 1980. It was expanded in the 1990s and is planned to be expanded more. Boyne Wharf is used by the Boyne Island aluminium smelter and was opened in August 1982. The South Trees part of the port have been used by Queensland Alumina Limited, an aluminum company. The RG Tanna Coal Terminal was opened in 1997 and is used to export coking coal to Japanese steel mills.
Pedro Álvares Cabral

**Pedro Álvares Cabral** (c. 1467 or 1468 Belmonte – c. 1520 Santarém) was a Portuguese nobleman,   navigator and explorer who was the first European to see Brazil (on 22 April 1500).

King Manuel I of Portugal sent Cabral on an expedition to India.
Cabral sailed on 9 March 1500, with 13 ships, following the route of Vasco da Gama.
On 22 April 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for the Portuguese Crown and naming it the "Island of the True Cross."
King Manuel I renamed this land "Holy Cross"; it was later renamed once again, to "Brazil", after a kind of wood found there, called pazu-brasil.

Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India, in a dangerous trip with storms, and he suffered the destruction of some ships at the Cape of Good Hope, and fighting against Muslim traders in Calicut, India (50 men of Cabral were killed in this attack).

Cabral successfully traded for spices in Cochin, now called Kozhikode, India (in early January, 1501).

Cabral returned to Portugal on 23 June 1501, with only 5 of the original 13 ships, carrying a big load of spices.

After this journey, King Manuel I appointed Vasco da Gama to head the next expedition (1502) because Cabral refused to command another expedition to India.

Cabral retired to his properties in Santarém. He died in c. 1520 and was buried in a monastery in Santarém, Portugal.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Pedro alvares cabral 01.png
- **alt**: Half-length monochrome portrait of a bearded man with a lace collar over armor
- **occupation**: Fleet commander for the Kingdom of Portugal
- **caption**: Pedro Álvares Cabral wearing Plate armour, plate armor in a 19th century Lithography, lithograph. No contemporary portraits of Cabral are known to exist.
- **birth date**: 1467 or 1468
- **birth place**: Belmonte Municipality, Belmonte, Portugal
- **death place**: Santarém, Portugal
- **nationality**: Portuguese people, Portuguese
- **other names**: Pero Álvares Cabral
Pedr'Álváres Cabral
Pedrálvares Cabral
Pedraluarez Cabral
- **spouse**: Isabel de Castro
- **children**: Fernão Álvares Cabral
António Cabral
Catarina de Castro
Guiomar de Castro
Isabel
Leonor
Toyota Sequoia

The **Toyota Sequoia** is a full-size SUV produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota. The production of the Sequoia began in 2000, with the first generation being launched as a larger alternative to the Toyota 4Runner. Designed primarily for the North American market, it offers substantial seating capacity, typically for seven or eight passengers.

## First Generation (2000–2007)

The first-generation Toyota Sequoia was introduced in 2000 and was based on the Toyota Tundra pickup truck platform. It was initially available in two-wheel drive (2WD) and four-wheel drive (4WD) configurations, with a choice of V8 engines. The vehicle featured a spacious three-row interior and was designed to compete with other large SUVs such as the Ford Expedition and Chevrolet Tahoe.

## Second Generation (2008–2022)

The second-generation Toyota Sequoia was introduced in 2008 and featured a more refined design. It offered improved safety features and more powerful engine options. The standard engine during this generation was a 5.7-liter V8.

## Third Generation (2023–Present)

The third-generation Toyota Sequoia was introduced in 2023, using the same platform as the Toyota Tundra. This model features a hybrid powertrain also It offers driver-assistance systems, a modern interior, and seating for up to eight passengers.

## Markets

The Toyota Sequoia is sold in the United States Canada Mexico and Costa Rica and is sold only in left-hand drive configurations,

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: First generation
- **image**: 01-04 Toyota Sequoia Limited.jpg
- **production**: September 2000 – November 2007
- **model years**: 2001–2007
- **assembly**: United States: Princeton, Indiana (TMMI)
- **designer**: Toshihiko Shirasawa (1997)
- **related**: Toyota Tundra (XK30), Toyota Tundra (XK30/XK40)
- **sp**: us


## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Second generation
- **image**: 2008-2009 Toyota Sequoia Limited.jpg
- **model code**: XK60
- **production**: November 2007 – March 2022
- **model years**: 2008–2022
- **assembly**: United States: Princeton, Indiana (TMMI)
- **designer**: Takumi Nakamura, Takayasu Furukawa, Hideo Karikomi, Jinichi Sato and Kengo Iwanaga
- **platform**: Toyota F1
- **sp**: us


## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Third generation
- **image**: 2023 Toyota Sequoia Platinum, front 3.10.23.jpg
- **caption**: 2023 Toyota Sequoia Platinum
- **model code**: XK80
- **production**: September 2022 – present
- **model years**: 2023–present
- **assembly**: United States: San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (TMMTX)
- **platform**: TNGA: Toyota New Global Architecture#GA-F, GA-F
- **motor**: _L4A0_ AC motor, AC Synchronous motor, permanent magnet synchronous
- **powerout**: ()
- **transmission**: 10-speed _List of Aisin transmissions#Longitudinal, AWR10L65_ "ECTi Direct Shift" automatic
- **drivetrain**: Parallel hybrid, Parallel (i-Force Max)
- **battery**: 1.87 kWh, 6.5 Ampere hour, Ah, 288 V Nickel–metal hydride battery, NiMH
- **sp**: us
Mandaue City Central School

**Mandaue City Central School** is the oldest school in Mandaue, in Cebu, Philippines. It is an elementary school. The school occupies an area of more than . It belongs to the Central District council. For several decades, Mandaue City Central School stood as the only school in the Central District until three schools were established sometime in the 1990s. The first building, the Gabaldon Building, was built in 1904 which is still in use.

## Other websites

- Mandaue City Central School  official website

## Infobox (school)

- **name**: Mandaue City Central School
- **caption**: Caravan at Mandaue City Central School
- **native name**: _Central_
- **established**: 1935
- **type**: Public school (government funded), Public, Nonsectarian, elementary school, Department of Education (Philippines), DepEd
- **principal**: Claribel P. Colipapa
- **city**: Mandaue City
- **province**: Cebu
- **country**: Philippines
- **nickname**: Central
Battle of Mine Creek

The **Battle of Mine Creek** (also known as the **Battle of the Osage**) was a battle in the American Civil War. In total, 1,300 people were killed. The battle was fought in Linn County, Kansas.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **conflict**: Battle of Mine Creek

- **partof**: the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War, Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
- **image**:
- **caption**: _Price Raid_ by Samuel J. Reader
- **place**: Linn County, Kansas
- **result**: Union (American Civil War), Union victory
- **combatant1**: United States
- **combatant2**: Confederate States of America
- **commander1**: Frederick Benteen
John F. Philips
- **commander2**: John S. Marmaduke
James F. Fagan
- **strength1**: 2,5002,600
- **strength2**: 7,000
- **units1**: Army of the Border
- **units2**: Army of Missouri
- **casualties1**: 100110
- **casualties2**: 1,200
Wilson prime

A **Wilson prime** is a special kind of prime number. A prime number _p_ is a Wilson prime if (and only if [  ])

where _n_ is a positive integer (sometimes called natural number). Wilson primes were first described by Emma Lehmer.

The only known Wilson primes are 5, 13, and 563 ; if any others exist, they must be greater than 5. It has been conjectured that  there are an infinite number of Wilson primes, and that the number of Wilson primes in an interval  is about

.

Compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime _p_ divides (_p_ − 1)! + 1.

## Related pages

- Wall-Sun-Sun prime
- Wieferich prime
- Wolstenholme prime

## Other websites

- The Prime Glossary: Wilson prime
- Status of the search for Wilson primes
- Wilson Quotients for composite moduli
- On congruences involving Bernoulli numbers and the quotients of Fermat and Wilson
Honda Odyssey

The **Honda Odyssey** is a minivan that has been made by Honda since 1994. From 1994 to 1999, it was also sold as the Isuzu Oasis. A larger version of the minivan has been available since 1999 in North America. It was redesigned in 2005, 2011, and 2018. The 2015 model was awarded the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's top rated pick because of its collision avoidance system.

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Honda Odyssey
- **image**: 2018 Honda Odyssey Touring 3.5L, front 8.18.19.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Honda
- **production**: 1994–present
- **class**: Minivan
Control variable

A **control variable** is something in an experiment that is kept the same.  Having control variables means that the experiment will be a fair test.
The Control Variable is often used with the independent and dependent variables.
Negative feedback

**Negative feedback** is a basic concept of cybernetics; it is the basis of regulation and control. It is important in engineering and physiology. In biology and physiology negative feedback is known as homeostasis.

Negative feedback occurs when the output of a system acts to oppose changes to the input of a system. This has the result that the changes are made less, and the system kept within limits. The classic example is a central heating system which cuts off when a (suitably placed) temperature sensor hits a pre-set mark. The negative feedback part is the thermostat.

## Homeostasis

Virtually all aspect of living systems involve homeostasis, and disease follows when any of these systems fail. Examples include blood pressure, glucose level, liver functions, and cell division.

Homeostasis  was defined by Claude Bernard and later by Walter Bradford Cannon in 1926, 1929 and 1932 as the property of a system, either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition. The concept came from that of _milieu interieur_ which was created by Claude Bernard and published in 1865.

If the overall feedback of the system is negative, then the system will tend to be stable.
980

## Events

- February 13 Burial of Edward the Martyr at Most Holy Mother of God Church in Wareham, Dorset
Vorarlberg

**Vorarlberg** (Vorarlbergian: _Vorarlbearg_, _Voralbärg_, or _Voraadelbearg_) is the westernmost federal state in Austria. The capital is Bregenz. The biggest cities are Feldkirch and Dornbirn. As of 2016, there were about 384,000 people.

It is the only province in Austria that does not speak Austro-Bavarian.  Instead they speak an Alemannic dialect. This makes it more in common with its Alemannic-speaking neighbors Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Swabia than with Bavaria and the rest of Austria.

The highest mountain is Piz Buin.  The main rivers in Vorarlberg are the Rhine, the Ill, the Bregenzer Ach and the Dornbirner Ach.

78% of the population is Roman Catholic.  The second most follow Islam which has a share of 8.4%.

Vorarlberg is divided into four large districts.  They are Bregenz, Dornbirn, Feldkirch and Bludenz.

On land, Vorarlberg has borders with Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany. The respextive states are the Swiss cantons of St.Gallen and Graubünden, and the German state of Bavaria. Lake Constance is special, there are no borders apart fro the borders on land. Legally, all the states that share this lake, also have a common border. That way, Vorarlberg also has a common border with the German state of Baden-Württemberg, and the Swiss canton of Thurgau.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Vorarlberg
- **native name lang**: de
- **settlement type**: States of Austria, State of Austria
- **image flag**: Flag of Salzburg, Vienna, Vorarlberg.svg
- **flag size**: 120px
- **image shield**: Vorarlberg CoA.svg
- **shield size**: 75px
- **image map**: Vorarlberg in Austria.svg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Bregenz
- **leader party**: ÖVP
- **leader title**: Landeshauptmann, Governor
- **leader name**: Markus Wallner
- **area total km2**: 2601.12
- **population total**: 384073
- **population as of**: 1 January 2016
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **blank1 name sec2**: Federal Council of Austria, Votes in Bundesrat
- **blank1 info sec2**: 3 (of 62)
- **blank name sec2**: First level NUTS of the European Union#Austria, NUTS Region
- **blank info sec2**: AT3
- **iso code**: AT-8
- **website**: [http://vorarlberg.at/ vorarlberg.at]
Princess of Wales

**Princess of Wales** () is a royal title used in the United Kingdom. It is held by the wife of the Prince of Wales. It has been used since the first English Prince of Wales, in 1283.

The current Princess of Wales is Catherine, the wife of William, Prince of Wales.

There have been only ten Princesses of Wales, even though there have been a lot more than ten male heirs to the throne. The majority of Princes of Wales married after acceding to the throne as King. A number of other Princes of Wales died too young to marry.

Until 2022, the second wife of the past Prince of Wales, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, was the Princess of Wales, but did not use the title, out of respect for her husband's first wife, the late Diana, Princess of Wales.

The princess is usually entitled to the style of Her Highness.

## References

- _Princesses of Wales_ by Deborah Fisher. University of Wales Press, 2005.
- 'Tystiolaeth Garth Celyn' Y Traethodydd 1998,
Goh Kun

**Goh Gun** (; hanja 高建; born January 2, 1938)  is a Korean politicians and civil servants.

## Career

Goh is best known as Interior Minister, Agriculture Minister, and Prime Minister of South Korea.  He was also mayor of Seoul.

He served as Acting President of Korea in 2004.

## Related pages

- Rhee Syng-man
- Kim Kyu-Sik
- Yun Poson
- Chang Myon

## Infobox (korean name/auto)

- **hangul**: %고건
- **hanja**: 高建
- **child**: yes


## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Goh Kun
- **native name lang**: ko
- **image**: Goh Kun at SDPC.JPG
- **caption**: Goh in 2003
- **office**: President of South Korea
- **order**: Acting
- **primeminister**: _Himself_
- **term start**: 12 March 2004
- **term end**: 14 May 2004
- **president**: Roh Moo-hyun
- **order2**: Prime Minister of South Korea
- **term start2**: 4 March 1997
- **term start3**: 26 February 2003
- **term end2**: 3 March 1998
- **term end3**: 25 July 2004
- **president2**: Kim Young-sam
Kim Dae-jung
- **president3**: Roh Moo-hyun
- **predecessor2**: Lee Soo-sung
- **predecessor3**: Kim Suk-soo
- **successor2**: Kim Jong-pil
- **successor3**: Lee Hun Jai (acting)
Lee Hae-chan
- **order4**: Mayor of Seoul
- **term start4**: 5 December 1988
- **term start5**: 1 July 1998
- **term end4**: 27 December 1990
- **term end5**: 30 June 2002
- **predecessor4**: Kim Yong-rae
- **predecessor5**: Cho Soon
Kang Duk-ki (acting)
- **successor4**: Park Seh-jik
- **successor5**: Lee Myung-bak
- **birth place**: Keijō, Korea under Japanese rule, Korea, Empire of Japan
- **alma mater**: Seoul National University (Bachelor of Science, BS, Master of Science, MS)
- **signature**: Goh Kun signature.svg
- **party**: Democratic Justice Party, Democratic Justice (1980–1990)
New Korea Party, Democratic Liberal
(1990–1995)
Democratic Party (Republic of Korea, 2005), Democratic (1998–2007)
Flip Wilson

**Clerow "Flip" Wilson Jr.** (8 December 1933 – 25 November 1998) was an African-American comedian, actor and producer whose career was successful in the 1960s and 1970s. He is perhaps best known for his television variety series _The Flip Wilson Show_, which earned him a Golden Globe and two Emmy Awards. He was born in Jersey City, New Jersey.

On November 25, 1998, Wilson died from liver cancer in Malibu, California, aged 64.
Defense mechanism

**Defense mechanism** is a psychological concept of the mind. It is the coping technique individuals unconsciously use to protect themselves from getting hurt in unpleasant situations (e.g. conflicts, unhappiness). Without defense mechanisms, people may suffer from psychological and mental illness.

## Types

- Regression
- Repression
- Denial
- Reaction formation
- Projection
- Rationalization
- Displacement
- Compensation
Chevrolet Volt

The **Chevrolet Volt** is an American plug-in hybrid car. The car was first produced in 2011  and is made by the Chevrolet division of General Motors. This vehicle travels 25 to 50 miles (38 miles average) on electric power alone. After the battery is depleted, it switches to the extended range mode.
In the United States, the car has a suggested price of $34,185, but qualifies for a $7500 tax credit.  It can carry up to four people (including the driver). A second generation arrived in 2015. It stopped in 2019. The first generation Volt was produced 2011-2016, while the second 2016-2019.

## Design

The Volt has 16.5 kWh of lithium batteries and a 1.4 liter engine using premium fuel.  The batteries have enough power to drive the car normally (it can go from 0 to 60 mph in 9 seconds).  While the batteries have power, the car is like an electric car.

When the batteries run out of charge, they can be recharged from a special electrical outlet, or the car can turn on the gas engine.  The gas engine and electric motors combine in a special type of transmission called a planetary gear, like the Toyota Prius.  This allows the gas engine to drive the car or to change its power to electricity.  The electricity can charge the battery or power the electric motor.

## Fuel efficiency

How much gas is used depends on how the car is driven and when the batteries are recharged.  It is possible to only use electric power and never use gasoline.  The EPA estimates the average person will get 98 miles per gallon (including the equivalent cost of electricity).

## Recharging

The batteries can be recharged in 10 to 16 hours using a 120V charging unit (most circuits in a house are at 120V). A 240V charging unit will recharge the car batteries in four hours. The batteries can also be charged from the gas engine or from the _regenerative_ brakes, which turn the energy of the moving car into electricity.
La Brea Tar Pits

The **La Brea tar pits** (or **Rancho La Brea**) are a famous cluster of tar pits in central Los Angeles. Complete skeletons of many thousands of large animals have been found here. They date mostly from 40,000 to 8,000 years ago.

Hancock Park was formed around the tar pits, in the heart of Los Angeles. Asphalt or tar (_brea_ in Spanish) has seeped up from the ground here for tens of thousands of years. The tar is often covered with water. Over many centuries, animals that came to drink the water fell in, sank in the tar, and died. In the tar, their bones turned into fossils.

The **George C. Page Museum** is dedicated to researching the tar pits and displaying specimens from the animals that died there. The La Brea Tar Pits are now a registered National Natural Landmark.

## History of the site

Modern excavations of the bones started in 1913–1915.  In the 1940s and 1950s, public excitement was got by the preparation of previously recovered large mammal bones. A later study showed the fossil material was well preserved. They are about 10–20,000 years old, from the last glacial period.

## Findings

At the La Brea Tar Pits, scientists have found the skeletons of many prehistoric species, including:
- Mammoths
- American mastodons
- American lions
- American cheetahs
- Dire wolves
- The Western camel _Camelops_
- Short-faced bears
- Ground sloths
- The saber-toothed cat, _Smilodon fatalis_ (the state fossil of California)

Only one human has ever been found in the tar pits: a partial skeleton of a woman, dated at about 9,000 BC.  Because of the way her skull was crushed, scientists think she was murdered.

### Over a million fossils

Over a million fossils have been recovered from the tar pits.  These fossils include individual bones as well as pieces of bone.  Scientists estimate that at least 10,000 animals got trapped in the Tar Pits over 30,000 years.  These animals belonged to at least 660 different species.  This includes at least 135 species of birds, and 59 species of mammals.

## Tar pits

Oil is created when decayed organic matter is underground. It is under pressure. The crude oil seeps upward through fractures, or porous sedimentary rock layers. It may form a pool  at the surface.

The lighter parts of the crude oil evaporate into the atmosphere, leaving behind a black, sticky asphalt. Tar pits are often excavated because they contain many fossils.

There are not many of these tar pits in the world, because they only form in these circumstances. The evaporation of the lighter elements in the crude oil is needed to create the sticky tar which traps the animals. Their distress calls are irresistible to the predators which follow them.
Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom

The **Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom** is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Charles III. These arms are used by the King in his official capacity as monarch of the United Kingdom, and are officially known as his **Arms of Dominion**. Different versions are used by other members of the Royal Family; and by the British Government in connection with the administration and government of the country. In Scotland, the King has a separate version of the Royal Arms, a variant of which is used by the Scotland Office.

The shield is quartered, depicting in the first and fourth quarters the three passant guardant lions of England; in the second, the rampant lion and double tressure fleury-counter-fleury of Scotland; and in the third, a harp for  Ireland.

The version used by the government does not have the helmet or lion, the version used by the government in Scotland does not have the lion or "In Defens" motto.

## Infobox (coat of arms)

- **name**: Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
- **image**: Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Tudor crown).svg
- **image width**: 270
- **middle**: Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg
- **middle width**: 270
- **middle caption**: Royal coat of arms of Scotland, Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom for use in Scotland
- **image2**: Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government) (Tudor Crown).svg
- **image2 width**: 270
- **image2 caption**: Version used by the Government
- **image3**: Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Government in Scotland).svg
- **image3 width**: 270
- **image3 caption**: Version used by the Government in Scotland
- **armiger**: Charles III in Right of the United Kingdom
- **year adopted**: 1837
- **crest**: A golden lion, royally crowned and standing on a royal crown; gold and ermine mantling
- **shield**: Quartering (heraldry), Quarterly: 1 and 4 Coat of arms of England, England, 2 Royal coat of arms of Scotland, Scotland, 3 Coat of arms of Ireland, Ireland; quarters for England and Scotland are exchanged in Scotland.
- **supporters**: A golden lion and a silver unicorn
- **compartment**: Tudor rose, Shamrock, and Thistle
- **orders**: Order of the Garter
- **earlier versions**: _#History, see below_
- **use**: On all Act of Parliament, Acts of Parliament; the cover of all British passport, UK passports; various government departments; adapted for the reverse of coins of the pound sterling (2008)
James Earl Ray

**James Earl Ray** (March 10, 1928 – April 23, 1998) was the man who was convicted of murdering Civil Rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr on April 4, 1968. He was sentenced to 99 years in prison.

At first, Ray said that he had shot King, but later he claimed he hadn't done the crime.

## Conspiracy theories

There are multiple conspiracy theories surrounding King's assassination. Some believe that Ray's white supremacist views caused him to kill King. Others believe Ray did the crime for his own personal ambition and financial gain.

Many other conspiracies state that King's assassination was a government operation, including King's own family. These theories claim that Ray is innocent.

## Early life

Ray was born in Alton, Illinois. He was convicted of burglary, robbery, theft and forgery during the 1950s.

He escaped from prison in 1967.

## Death

He died in Nashville, Tennessee from liver failure caused by hepatitis C.

## Related pages

- Martin Luther King, Jr.
- American Civil Rights Movement
- Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: James Earl Ray
- **image name**: Mugshot of James Earl Ray - July 8, 1955.jpg
- **image caption**: Mug shot of Ray taken in 1955
- **birth place**: Alton, Illinois, United States
- **death place**: Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- **death cause**: Kidney disease and Liver failure caused by Hepatitis C
- **parents**: James Gerald Ray
- **criminal status**: Deceased
- **conviction**: Murder, prison escape
armed robbery, burglary
- **conviction penalty**: 99 years imprisonment (one year was added after his re-capture for a total of 100 years)
Leadership

**Leadership** is an approach where “acts by persons influence other persons in a shared direction/[common goal]” (Seeman, 1960).

## Traits

- **Cognitive:** Having an actively developed strong verbal, perceptual, and reasoning skills which can effectively guide pivots and at the time be compatible to peer groups.
- **Self-confidence:** Ability to be certain about one’s competencies and skills with a nurtured sense of self-esteem and self-assurance.
- **Determination:** Ability to assert themselves, be proactive, and have the capacity to persevere in the face of obstacles. Characteristics include initiative, persistence, dominance, and drive.
- **Integrity:** It is the quality of honesty and trustworthiness. Characteristics are loyalty, dependability, and not deceptive.
- **Sociability:** It is the ability to be sensitive to others’ needs and show concern for their well-being. They are people who have good interpersonal skills and create cooperative relationships (friendliness, outgoing, courteous) with their followers and able to take socially responsible decisions.

## Team leadership

There are two factors in team leadership, they are: Interpersonal and Analytical. The interpersonal factors are : Talk, Evaluation, Assisting and Motivating. The Analytical aspects for problem solving with team leadership are: Focusing, Organizing, Collecting, Understanding and Synthesizing the material.

## Related pages

- Authority
- Charisma
- Coach (sport)
- Political economy
- Tribal chief
- Entrepreneur
- Supreme Leader

## Other websites

- Leadership at Diamantino Almeida