juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Yosuke Kashiwagi

is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

## Biography

Kashiwagi was born in Kobe on December 15, 1987. He joined J1 League club Sanfrecce Hiroshima form their youth team in 2006. He played many matches until 2006. Although Hiroshima won the 2nd place in the 2007 Emperor's Cup, was relegated end of the 2007 season. Hiroshima won the champions in 2008 and was returned to J1 in a year. In 2010, he moved to Urawa Reds. Urawa won the 2nd place in the 2014 and 2016 J1 League. In 2017, Urawa won the champions the 2017 AFC Champions League. Urawa also won the 2nd place in the 2019 AFC Champions League.

In 2007, Kashiwagi was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2007 U-20 World Cup. At this tournament, he wore the number 10 shirt for Japan and played all 4 matches as offensive midfielder. In January 2010, he was selected the Japan national team for 2011 Asian Cup qualification. At this qualification, he debuted against Yemen on January 6. He also played at 2011 Asian Cup and Japan won the champions. He played 11 games for Japan until 2016.

## Statistics

|-
|2005||rowspan="5"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="3"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2006||17||1||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|-
|2007||31||5||4||1||7||0||colspan="2"|-||42||6
|-
|2008||J2 League||31||4||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||4
|-
|2009||J1 League||33||8||2||1||5||3||colspan="2"|-||40||12
|-
|2010||rowspan="12"|Urawa Reds||rowspan="12"|J1 League||34||4||3||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||43||4
|-
|2011||31||5||2||1||6||1||colspan="2"|-||39||7
|-
|2012||30||6||3||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||39||7
|-
|2013||34||8||0||0||5||0||6||1||45||9
|-
|2014||33||3||2||0||8||1||colspan="2"|-||43||4
|-
|2015||33||5||2||0||2||0||5||0||42||5
|-
|2016||33||5||1||0||1||0||7||0||42||5
|-
|2017||27||5||0||0||0||0||10||1||37||6
|-
|2018||30||0||6||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||38||0
|-
|2019||17||1||1||0||0||0||5||0||23||1
|-
|2020||9||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
423||60||31||3||51||6||33||2||538||71
423||60||31||3||51||6||33||2||538||71
|}

|-
|2010||1||0
|-
|2011||2||0
|-
|2012||1||0
|-
|2013||0||0
|-
|2014||0||0
|-
|2015||3||0
|-
|2016||4||0
|-
!Total||11||0
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yosuke Kashiwagi
- **fullname**: Yosuke Kashiwagi
- **birth place**: Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Hyogo, Japan
- **position**: Midfielder
- **currentclub**: Urawa Reds
- **youthyears1**: 2003–2005
- **youthclubs1**: Sanfrecce Hiroshima
- **years1**: 2006–2009
- **clubs1**: Sanfrecce Hiroshima
- **caps1**: 112
- **goals1**: 18
- **years2**: 2010–
- **clubs2**: Urawa Reds
- **caps2**: 311
- **goals2**: 42
- **nationalyears1**: 2007
- **nationalteam1**: Japan national under-20 football team, Japan U-20
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 2010–2016
- **nationalteam2**: Japan national football team, Japan
- **nationalcaps2**: 11
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **club-update**: end of the 2020 season
Koji Nakazato

**Koji Nakazato** (born 24 April 1982) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2000||rowspan="6"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||6||3||3||0||0||0||9||3
|-
|2001||31||1||2||0||1||0||34||1
|-
|2002||4||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2003||29||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||33||2
|-
|2004||16||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2005||13||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|-
|2006||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||12||0||1||0||2||0||15||0
|-
|2007||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||17||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||0
128||3||12||0||3||0||143||3
128||3||12||0||3||0||143||3
|}
Giuliano Tadeo Aranda

**Giuliano Tadeo Aranda**, better known as **Magrão** (born 21 February 1974), is a former Brazilian football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1992||rowspan="3"|Palmeiras||rowspan="3"|Série A||5||1||||||||||5||1
|-
|1993||1||0||||||||||1||0
|-
|1994||2||0||||||||||2||0
|-
|1995||Goiás||Série A||13||10||||||||||13||10
|-
|1996||Coritiba||Série A||0||0||||||||||0||0

|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||14||13||3||1||6||2||23||16
|-
|1997||9||6||0||0||4||0||13||6

|-
|1998||Palmeiras||Série A||11||1||||||||||11||1

|-
|1998–99||Badajoz||Segunda División||5||0||||||||||5||0

|-
|1999||Grêmio||Série A||14||5||||||||||14||5
|-
|2000||Botafogo||Série A||15||1||||||||||15||1
|-
|2001||São Caetano||Série A||23||11||||||||||23||11

|-
|2002||rowspan="3"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||29||22||2||1||8||6||39||29
|-
|2003||24||15||2||1||4||2||30||18
|-
|2004||10||5||0||0||5||1||15||6
73||28||||||||||73||28
86||61||7||3||27||11||120||75
5||0||||||||||5||0
164||89||7||3||27||11||198||103
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Magrão
- **fullname**: Giuliano Tadeo Aranda
- **birth place**: Santo André, Brazil
- **position**: Striker (association football), Striker
- **years1**: 1992–1994
- **clubs1**: Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras, Palmeiras
- **years2**: 1995
- **clubs2**: Goiás Esporte Clube, Goiás
- **years3**: 1996
- **clubs3**: Coritiba Foot Ball Club, Coritiba
- **years4**: 1996–1997
- **clubs4**: Tokyo Verdy, Verdy Kawasaki
- **years5**: 1998
- **clubs5**: Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras, Palmeiras
- **years6**: 1999
- **clubs6**: CD Badajoz, Badajoz
- **years7**: 1999
- **clubs7**: Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense, Grêmio
- **years8**: 2000
- **clubs8**: Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, Botafogo
- **years9**: 2001
- **clubs9**: Associação Desportiva São Caetano, São Caetano
- **years10**: 2002–2004
- **clubs10**: Gamba Osaka
Nebojša Krupniković

**Nebojša Krupniković** (born 15 August 1973) is a former Serbian football player.

## Career statistics

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="2"|League|colspan="2"|National Cup|colspan="2"|League Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="6"|Red Star Belgrade|1991–92|2|0|0|0|—|0|0|2|0|||
|1992–93|8|0|0|0|—|—|8|0||||||
|1993–94|0|0|0|0|—|—|0|0||||||
|1994–95|30|24|9|5|—|—|39|29||||||
|1995–96|32|19|9|7|—|2|0|43|26|||||
|Radnički Beograd (loan)|1992–93|8|0|||—|—|8|0|||||
|Bor (loan)|1992–93|||—|—|—||||||||
|Panionios (loan)|1993–94|30|9|||—|—|30|9|||||
|Standard Liège|1996–97|15|5|||—|||15|5||||
|rowspan="3"|Gamba Osaka|1997|27|9|3|1|6|2|—|36|12|||
|1998|13|2|1|0|2|0|—|16|2|||||
|Bastia|1998–99|10|1|0|0|0|0|—|10|1||||
|rowspan="3"|Chemnitzer FC|1999–2000|26|5|1|0|—|—|27|5||||
|2000–01|12|4|1|0|—|—|13|4||||||
|rowspan="6"|Hannover 96|2000–01|3|0|0|0|—|—|3|0||||
|2001–02|34|9|3|0|—|—|37|9||||||
|2002–03|32|5|2|0|—|—|34|5||||||
|2003–04|19|2|2|1|—|—|21|3||||||
|2004–05|29|1|3|1|—|—|32|2||||||
|Arminia Bielefeld|2005–06|8|3|0|0|—|—|8|3|||||
|JEF United Chiba|2006|25|5|1|0|10|0|—|36|5||||
|rowspan="3"|SC Paderborn|2006–07|12|2|0|0|—|—|12|2||||
|2007–08|17|0|1|0|—|—|18|0||||||

## Honours

**Red Star Belgrade**
- First League of FR Yugoslavia: 1994–95
- FR Yugoslavia Cup: 1994–95, 1995–96

**Hannover 96**
- 2. Bundesliga: 2001–02

**JEF United Chiba**
- J.League Cup: 2006

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Nebojša Krupniković
- **fullname**: Nebojša Krupniković
- **birth place**: Arilje, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia
- **height**: 1.84 m
- **position**: Midfielder#Attacking midfielder, Attacking midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Red Star Belgrade
- **years1**: 1991–1996
- **clubs1**: Red Star Belgrade
- **caps1**: 72
- **goals1**: 43
- **years2**: 1992
- **clubs2**: → FK Radnički Beograd, Radnički Beograd (loan)
- **caps2**: 8
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1993
- **clubs3**: → FK Bor, Bor (loan)
- **years4**: 1993–1994
- **clubs4**: → Panionios F.C., Panionios (loan)
- **caps4**: 30
- **goals4**: 9
- **years5**: 1996
- **clubs5**: Standard Liège
- **caps5**: 15
- **goals5**: 5
- **years6**: 1997–1998
- **clubs6**: Gamba Osaka
- **caps6**: 40
- **goals6**: 11
- **years7**: 1999
- **clubs7**: SC Bastia, Bastia
- **caps7**: 10
- **goals7**: 1
- **years8**: 1999–2000
- **clubs8**: Chemnitzer FC
- **caps8**: 38
- **goals8**: 9
- **years9**: 2001–2005
- **clubs9**: Hannover 96
- **caps9**: 117
- **goals9**: 17
- **years10**: 2005
- **clubs10**: Arminia Bielefeld
- **caps10**: 8
- **goals10**: 3
- **years11**: 2006
- **clubs11**: JEF United Chiba
- **caps11**: 25
- **goals11**: 5
- **years12**: 2007–2008
- **clubs12**: SC Paderborn 07, SC Paderborn
- **caps12**: 29
- **goals12**: 2
- **totalcaps**: 392
- **totalgoals**: 105
- **nationalyears1**: 1991
- **nationalteam1**: Yugoslavia national under-18 football team, Yugoslavia U18
- **nationalcaps1**: 2
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
Gianluca Curci

**Gianluca Curci** (born 12 July 1985) is an Italian former football player.

## Career statistics

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|Cup|colspan="2"|Continental|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|rowspan="2"||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="5"|Roma|2004–05|rowspan="4"|Serie A|11|0|6|0|0|0|–|17|0|||
|2005–06|10|0|5|0|8|0|–|23|0|||||||
|2006–07|7|0|6|0|0|0|–|13|0|||||||
|2007–08|2|0|5|0|1|0|–|8|0|||||||
|rowspan="3"|Siena|2008–09|rowspan="2"|Serie A|32|0|1|0|0|0|–|33|0|||
|2009–10|36|0|1|0|0|0|–|37|0|||||||
|Sampdoria|2010–11|Serie A|35|0|0|0|6|0|–|41|0|||||
|rowspan="3"|Roma|2011–12|Serie A|3|0|0|0|0|0|–|3|0||||
|2014–15|Serie A|0|0|0|0|0|0|–|0|0||||||
|rowspan="3"|Bologna (loan)|2012–13|Serie A|14|0|0|0|0|0|–|14|0||||
|2013–14|Serie A|37|0|1|0|0|0|–|38|0||||||
|rowspan="3"|Mainz 05|2015–16|Bundesliga|0|0|0|0|0|0|–|0|0||||
|2016–17|Bundesliga|0|0|0|0|0|0|–|0|0||||||
|AFC Eskilstuna|2018|Allsvenskan|27|0|0|0|0|0|2|0|29|0||||
|Hammarby IF|2018|Allsvenskan|12|0|2|0|0|0|–|14|0|||||

### Club

**Roma**
- Coppa Italia: 2006–07, 2007–08
- Supercoppa Italiana: 2007

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Gianluca Curci
- **image**: Gianluca Curci.jpg
- **image size**: 200px
- **height**: 1.92 m
- **birth place**: Rome, Italy
- **position**: Goalkeeper (association football), Goalkeeper
- **youthyears1**: 1994–2004
- **youthclubs1**: AS Roma, Roma
- **years1**: 2004–2008
- **caps1**: 30
- **goals1**: 0
- **clubs1**: AS Roma, Roma
- **years2**: 2008–2010
- **caps2**: 68
- **goals2**: 0
- **clubs2**: AC Siena, Siena
- **years3**: 2010–2011
- **caps3**: 35
- **goals3**: 0
- **clubs3**: UC Sampdoria, Sampdoria
- **years4**: 2011–2015
- **caps4**: 3
- **goals4**: 0
- **clubs4**: AS Roma, Roma
- **years5**: 2012–2014
- **caps5**: 51
- **goals5**: 0
- **clubs5**: → Bologna FC 1909, Bologna (loan)
- **years6**: 2015–2017
- **caps6**: 0
- **goals6**: 0
- **clubs6**: 1. FSV Mainz 05, Mainz 05
- **years7**: 2018
- **caps7**: 27
- **goals7**: 0
- **clubs7**: AFC Eskilstuna
- **years8**: 2019
- **caps8**: 12
- **goals8**: 0
- **clubs8**: Hammarby Fotboll, Hammarby IF
- **nationalyears1**: 2003–2004
- **nationalteam1**: Italy national under-19 football team, Italy U19
- **nationalcaps1**: 2
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 2004–2005
- **nationalteam2**: Italy U20
- **nationalcaps2**: 3
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 2005–2007
- **nationalteam3**: Italy national under-21 football team, Italy U21
- **nationalcaps3**: 22
- **nationalgoals3**: 0
Napoleon II

**Napoléon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte** (20 March 1811 – 22 July 1832) was the son of Napoleon and Marie Louise of Austria.

## Early life

Napoléon II was born in Paris in 1811. In 1814, Napoleon I was defeated during the War of the Sixth Coalition and then forced to resign by his own officers. Napoleon I originally wanted Napoleon II to succeed him, but that was rejected by the coalition. Napoleon II and his mother went into exile in Austria, and Napoleon I was exiled to Elba. In 1815, Napoleon I escaped and retook control of France, but he was forced to resign again after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo.

## Emperor of the French

Napoleon was arguably the Emperor of the French in late June and early July 1815.

## Life in Austria

Napoleon spent most of his life in Austria, where he was known as Franz. He became the Duke of Reichstadt at the age of seven and joined the Austrian Army when he was twelve.

Napoleon enjoyed a close relationship with Princess Sophie of Bavaria. It has been claimed that he was the father of Sophie's son, the future Maximilian I of Mexico, but that is widely rejected by historians.

## Death

Napoleon died of tuberculosis on July 22, 1832.

## Remains

In 1940, Adolf Hitler had Napoleon's remains moved from Vienna to the dome of Les Invalides, in Paris. His remains were buried next to his father's for some time but were later moved to the lower church.

## Legacy

- Napoleon II was also known as "The Eaglet" (_L'Aiglon_). Edmond Rostand wrote a play, _L'Aiglon_, about his life.
- The Serbian composer Petar Stojanović composed an operetta about him in the 1920s.
- Arthur Honegger and Jacques Ibert worked together on an opera, _L'Aiglon_, which premiered in 1937.
- The journalist Henri Rochefort joked that Napoleon II, who never really governed, was France's best leader since he brought no war, taxes or tyranny.

## Sources

- Welschinger, _Le roi de Rome, 1811-32_, (Paris, 1897)
- Wertheimer, _The Duke of Reichstadt_, (London, 1905)

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Napoleon II
- **image**: Le duc de Reichstadt.jpg
- **image size**: 245
- **caption**: Portrait by Leopold Bucher
- **succession**: Emperor of the French

- **reign**: 22 June 1815 – 7 July 1815
- **reign-type**: Tenure
- **predecessor**: Napoleon I
- **successor**: Louis XVIII of France, Louis XVIII

- **regent**: Joseph Fouché
- **reg-type**: French Provisional Government of 1815, Regent
- **succession2**: List of heirs to the French throne#Bonaparte succession: First Empire, King of Rome
- **reign-type2**: Tenure
- **reign3**: 22 July 1818 – 22 July 1832
- **succession3**: Zákupy#Duke of Reichstadt, Duke of Reichstadt
- **reign-type3**: Tenure
- **reign2**: 20 March 1811 – 11 April 1814
- **house**: House of Bonaparte, Bonaparte
- **father**: Napoleon I, Napoleon I, Emperor of the French
- **mother**: Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, Archduchess Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma
- **birth place**: Tuileries Palace, Paris, First French Empire, French Empire
- **death place**: Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austrian Empire
- **place of burial**: Les Invalides, Paris, France
Cristian Chivu

**Cristian Chivu** (born 26 October 1980) is a Romanian football player. He plays for Internazionale Milano and Romania national team.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Reşiţa||Divizia B||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|1997/98||Divizia A||23||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||2
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Universitatea Craiova||rowspan="2"|Divizia A||26||3||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||3
|-
|1999/00||6||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||6||0

|-
|1999/00||rowspan="4"|Ajax||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||23||1||colspan="2"|-||4||0||27||1
|-
|2000/01||26||5||colspan="2"|-||4||0||30||5
|-
|2001/02||32||1||colspan="2"|-||6||0||38||1
|-
|2002/03||26||6||colspan="2"|-||12||0||38||6

|-
|2003/04||rowspan="4"|Roma||rowspan="4"|Serie A||22||2||2||0||4||0||28||2
|-
|2004/05||10||2||4||0||1||0||15||2
|-
|2005/06||27||2||7||0||4||0||38||2
|-
|2006/07||26||0||7||0||8||0||41||0
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||26||0||4||0||6||0||36||0
|-
|2008/09||21||0||2||0||2||0||25||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||
56||5||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||56||5
107||13||colspan="2"|-||26||0||133||13
132||6||26||0||25||0||183||6
295||24||26||0||51||0||372||24
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||10||1
|-
|2001||8||0
|-
|2002||6||1
|-
|2003||9||0
|-
|2004||2||1
|-
|2005||6||0
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
|2007||8||0
|-
|2008||7||0
|-
|2009||6||0
|-
!Total||69||3
|}
Cesare Bovo

**Cesare Bovo**  (born 14 January 1983) is an Italian retired professional footballer who played as a centre back.

### Club

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|colspan="3"|League|colspan="2"|Cup|colspan="2"|Europe|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Roma|2001–02|Serie A|0|0|1|0|0|0|—|1|0|||
|rowspan="2"|Lecce|2002–03|Serie B|11|0|2|0|—|—|13|0|||
|2003–04|Serie A|19|2|0|0|—|—|19|2|||||
|Parma|2004–05|Serie A|31+2|2+0|1|0|8|0|—|42|2|||
|Roma|2005–06|Serie A|22|0|7|0|7|1|—|36|1|||
|Palermo|2006–07|Serie A|1|0|1|0|0|0|—|2|0|||
|Torino|2006–07|Serie A|7|1|0|0|—|—|7|1||||
|Genoa|2007–08|Serie A|27|0|0|0|—|—|27|0||||
|Palermo|2008–09|Serie A|29|1|1|0|—|—|30|1||||
|2009–10|28|2|3|0|—|—|31|2||||||
|2010–11|32|4|4|1|7|0|—|43|5|||||
|2011–12|—|—|2|0|—|2|0|||||||
|Genoa|2011–12|Serie A|8|0|0|0|—|—|8|0||||
|2012–13|13|0|0|0|—|—|13|0||||||
|Torino|2013–14|Serie A|20|0|0|0|—|—|20|0||||
|2014–15|15|0|0|0|6|0|—|21|0|||||
|2015–16|21|2|3|0|—|—|24|2||||||
|2016–17|4|0|2|0|—|—|6|0||||||
|Pescara|2016–17|Serie A|10|0|0|0|0|0|—|10|0|||
|2017–18|Serie B|8|0|0|0|0|0|—|8|0||||
|Lecce|2018–19|Serie B|9|0|0|0|0|0|—|9|0|||

### Club

**Roma**
- Serie A: 2000–01

### International

- UEFA European Under-21 Championship: Germany 2004
- Olympic bronze: Athens 2004

### Orders

- 5th Class / Knight: _Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana_: 2004
Edgar Álvarez

**Édgar** or **Edgard Anthony Álvarez Reyes** (born 9 January 1980) is a Honduran former soccer player who last played for Platense in the Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||rowspan="7"|Platense||rowspan="7"|Liga Nacional||0||0
|-
|1997/98||0||0
|-
|1998/99||0||0
|-
|1999/00||21||2
|-
|2000/01||39||4
|-
|2001/02||32||2
|-
|2002/03||0||0

|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Peñarol||rowspan="2"|Primera División||15||0
|-
|2004||11||0

|-
|2004/05||Cagliari||Serie A||15||1
|-
|2005/06||Roma||Serie A||20||0
|-
|2006/07||Messina Peloro||Serie A||32||2
|-
|2007/08||Roma||Serie A||1||0
|-
|2007/08||Livorno||Serie A||8||0
|-
|2008/09||Pisa||Serie B||27||5
|-
|2009/10||Bari||Serie A||||
92||8
26||0
103||8
221||16
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|2001||3||0
|-
|2002||4||0
|-
|2003||16||2
|-
|2004||9||1
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||8||0
|-
|2008||1||0
|-
|2009||3||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||44||3
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Édgar Álvarez
- **fullname**: Edgard Anthony Álvarez Reyes
- **birth place**: Puerto Cortes, Honduras
- **clubnumber**: 7
- **position**: Midfielder#Winger, Right winger
- **years1**: 1996–2003
- **clubs1**: C.D. Platense, Platense
- **caps1**: 102
- **goals1**: 9
- **years2**: 2003–2006
- **clubs2**: C.A. Peñarol, Peñarol
- **caps2**: 26
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2004–2005
- **clubs3**: → Cagliari Calcio, Cagliari (loan)
- **caps3**: 15
- **goals3**: 1
- **years4**: 2005–2006
- **clubs4**: → AS Roma, Roma (loan)
- **caps4**: 20
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 2006–2009
- **clubs5**: AS Roma, Roma
- **caps5**: 1
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 2006–2007
- **clubs6**: → A.C.R. Messina, Messina (loan)
- **caps6**: 32
- **goals6**: 2
- **years7**: 2007–2008
- **clubs7**: → US Livorno 1915, Livorno (loan)
- **caps7**: 8
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 2008–2009
- **clubs8**: → A.C. Pisa 1909 S.S.D., Pisa (loan)
- **caps8**: 27
- **goals8**: 5
- **years9**: 2009–2011
- **clubs9**: SSC Bari, Bari
- **caps9**: 65
- **goals9**: 4
- **years10**: 2011–2012
- **clubs10**: Palermo F.C., Palermo
- **caps10**: 8
- **goals10**: 0
- **years11**: 2012
- **clubs11**: FC Dinamo București, Dinamo București
- **caps11**: 5
- **goals11**: 0
- **years12**: 2013–2019
- **clubs12**: Platense F.C., Platense
- **caps12**: 156
- **goals12**: 7
- **nationalyears1**: 2001–2013
- **nationalteam1**: Honduras national football team, Honduras
- **nationalcaps1**: 54
- **nationalgoals1**: 3
- **pcupdate**: 27 January 2019
Shosuke Katayama

**Shosuke Katayama** (born 8 September 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Yokohama.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="3"|Kokushikan University||rowspan="3"|Football League||4||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2003||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2004||5||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||9||0||0||0||3||0||12||0
|-
|2007||15||1||1||0||5||1||21||2
|-
|2008||1||0||0||0||1||0||2||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Yokohama||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||46||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
83||1||4||0||9||1||96||2
83||1||4||0||9||1||96||2
|}
Eusebio Sacristán

**Eusebio Sacristán** (born 13 April 1964) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1983/84||rowspan="4"|Real Valladolid||rowspan="4"|La Liga||11||0
|-
|1984/85||32||2
|-
|1985/86||33||4
|-
|1986/87||41||7
|-
|1987/88||Atlético Madrid||La Liga||27||3
|-
|1988/89||rowspan="7"|Barcelona||rowspan="7"|La Liga||37||4
|-
|1989/90||36||3
|-
|1990/91||32||2
|-
|1991/92||30||4
|-
|1992/93||32||1
|-
|1993/94||20||0
|-
|1994/95||16||0
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Celta Vigo||rowspan="2"|La Liga||35||1
|-
|1996/97||32||0
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="5"|Real Valladolid||rowspan="5"|La Liga||26||1
|-
|1998/99||21||0
|-
|1999/00||28||1
|-
|2000/01||28||3
|-
|2001/02||26||0
543||36
543||36

## International career statistics

|-
|1986||1||0
|-
|1987||0||0
|-
|1988||1||0
|-
|1989||6||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||5||0
|-
|1992||2||0
|-
!Total||15||0
|}
Naoki Urata

**Naoki Urata** (born 27 June 1974) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1997||rowspan="5"|Kawasaki Frontale||rowspan="2"|Football League||4||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||2
|-
|1998||13||0||1||1||2||2||16||3
|-
|1999||J. League 2||28||6||2||2||1||0||31||8
|-
|2000||J. League 1||13||2||0||0||2||0||15||2
|-
|2001||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2002||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||10||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1
68||11||3||3||6||2||77||16
68||11||3||3||6||2||77||16
|}
Maximilian I of Mexico

**Maximilian I of Mexico** (6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867) was a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
After a distinguished career in the Austrian Navy he was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico, during the Second Mexican Empire.

His father was Archduke Franz Karl, the second surviving son of Emperor Francis II of Austria, during whose reign he was born.

Maximilian was thus a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, a female-line cadet branch of the House of Habsburg. His older brother was the reigning Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and their mother was Princess Sophie of Bavaria, a member of the House of Wittelsbach.

Many Europeans, and Viennese in particular, suspected that he was actually fathered by Napoleon II of France. There was a close relationship between Sophie and Napoleon II. It was said that Sophie never recovered after his death and that she blamed it on Metternich for the rest of her life.

Maximilian ruled as the Emperor of Mexico from 1864 to 1867. He was installed by occupying French forces under Napoleon III. When the French left in 1867, Maximilian refused to go with them, believing he had the support of the people.

Maximilian was shocked by the living conditions of the poor in contrast to the magnificent haciendas of the upper class. His wife Empress Carlota of Mexico began holding parties for the wealthy Mexicans to raise money for poor houses. One of Maximilian's first acts as Emperor was to restrict working hours and abolish child labour. He cancelled all debts for peasants over 10 pesos, restored communal property and forbade all forms of corporal punishment. He  supported land reforms, religious freedom, and extending the right to vote beyond the landholding class. These liberal policies caused opposition from the wealthy and the landowners.

In addition, he was opposed by President Benito Juárez who supported native, democratic rule, under the banner of republicanism.

Maximilian was captured by Benito Juarez’s Republican forces and executed by firing squad on 19 June 1867.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Maximilian I
- **image**: File:Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico.jpg
- **caption**: Maximilian,
- **reign**: 10 April 1864 – 19 June 1867
- **succession**: Emperor of Mexico
- **predecessor**: Monarchy established
(Benito Juárez, as President of the Republic)
- **successor**: Monarchy abolished
(Benito Juárez, as President of the Republic)
- **full name**: Ferdinand Maximilian Josef Maria
- **house**: Habsburg-Lorraine
- **father**: Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
- **mother**: Princess Sophie of Bavaria
- **birth name**: Archduke Maximilian of Austria
- **birth place**: Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austrian Empire, German Confederation
- **death place**: Cerro de las Campanas, Querétaro City, Santiago de Querétaro, Restored Republic (Mexico), Restored Republic
- **burial date**: 18 January 1868
- **burial place**: Imperial Crypt, Vienna, Austria
- **signature**: Maximilian signature BW.png
- **signature alt**: Cursive signature in ink
- **religion**: Catholicism
Initiation

**Initiation** is a ceremony at the entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It can also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community. Rites of passage such as Christian baptism or confirmation, or Jewish bar or bat mitzvah, or graduation from school, are initiations. Acceptance into a fraternal organization like the freemasons or religious order like the Benedictines is also an initiation. A person taking the initiation ceremony is called an _initiate_.

## Etymology

The English word comes from the Latin, _initium_: "entrance" or "beginning. The related English verb, **initiate**, means to begin or start a particular action.

## Tribal initiations

Tribe<nowiki/>s often have initiations. In many African tribes, initiation means circumcision of males and sometimes circumcision/genital mutilation of females.  Initiation is thought to be necessary for the individual to be regarded as a full member of the tribe. Otherwise, the individual may not be allowed to take part in ceremonies or even in social ritual such as marriage. A man will not be allowed to marry or have any special relationship with a woman who didn't go to an initiation, because she is not considered as a woman.

Initiation may be thought of as an event which may help teens prepare themselves to be good husbands and wives. Because of modernization initiation is not taken so seriously as before, but there are still certain areas which still perform initiations.

In some African tribes, boys have initiation rites for 3–4 months and girls for 1–2 months.

Australian Aboriginal tribes usually had long periods of time to help prepare adolescent boys, teaching them the Law before they were ready to attend large elaborate ceremonies at the time of initiation when they were finally recognized as men in their society. Most tribes had circumcision and scarification as part of the male initiation rituals, while many Central Australian tribes also practiced subincision.

## Literature

- Mircea Eliade, _Rites and Symbols of Initiation_, first edition, New York, NY Harper and Row, 1958.
Bar and Bat Mitzvah

In Judaism, a **Bar Mitzvah** is a Jewish boy, and a **Bat Mitzvah** a Jewish girl, who has turned 13 years old (or for a girl in the Orthodox movement, 12 years old). They go through a rite of passage which symbolizes the young person's responsibility for themselves.

Before the bar mitzvah, the child's parents hold the responsibility for the child's actions. After this age, the boys and girls bear their own responsibility, and are able to participate in all areas of Jewish community life. It marks their coming of age. The terms are also used for the ceremony celebrating this event.

- _Bar Mitzvah_ (pl. _B'nai Mitzvah_) comes from the Aramaic , "one (m.) to whom the commandments apply". (If it were Hebrew it would be  (ben) not  (bar).  is "son" in Aramaic, and  (ben) is son in Hebrew.).
- _Bat Mitzvah_ (pl. _B'not Mitzvah_) is , "one (f.) to whom the commandments apply" (Ashkenazi: _Bas Mitzvah_).

According to Jewish law, when Jewish children reach the age of majority (generally thirteen years for boys and twelve for girls.) Then they become responsible for their actions, and "become a Bar or Bat Mitzvah". This is also the time when physical puberty normally begins. Before this the child's parents have the responsibility that the child follows Jewish law and tradition and, after this age, children have their own responsibility for Jewish ritual law, tradition, and ethics and have the right to take part in all areas of Jewish community life.

## Further reading

Oppenheimer, Mark.  _Thirteen and a Day: The Bar and Bat Mitzvah across America_.  New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2005.

## Other websites

- Schauss, Hayyim. History of Bar Mitzvah
- "Bar Mitzvah, Bat Mitzvah and Confirmation"
- The Official Israeli Ministry of Tourism Website with information about celebrating Bar/Bat Mitzvah in Jerusalem
- Secular Humanistic Bar/Bat Mitzvah
Marcão (footballer, born 1975)

**Marcos Alberto Skavinski** (born 28 March 1975) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Goiás.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2006||Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 1||28||2||2||0||9||1||39||3
28||2||2||0||9||1||39||3
28||2||2||0||9||1||39||3
|}
Hiroshi Aso

**Hiroshi Aso** (born 8 April 1974) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1993||rowspan="2"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1994||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|}
F.C. Matera

**F.C. Matera** is a football club which plays in Italy in Terza Categoria Matera group D.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: F.C. Matera
- **fullname**: Football Club Matera
- **founded**: 1930
- **ground**: Stadio XXI Settembre - Franco Salerno,
Matera, Italy
- **capacity**: 8,500
- **chairman**: Tommaso Perniola
- **manager**: Nicolino Salvatore
- **league**: Terza Categoria Matera/D
- **season**: 2010/11
- **position**: Lega Pro Prima Divisione, Lega Pro Prima Divisione/B, 7th
Jun Sunaga

**Jun Sunaga** (born 27 April 1975) is a former Japanese football player.
Takeshi Suda

**Takeshi Suda** (born 14 April 1983) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|}
Sota Kasahara

**Sota Kasahara** (born 9 May 1976) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1999||Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||Football League||18||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||30||3
|-
|2001||0||0
48||3
48||3
|}
Keita Kasahara

**Keita Kasahara** (born 14 June 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996||Consadole Sapporo||Football League||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0
|}
Yusaku Ueno

**Yusaku Ueno** (born 1 November 1973) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1996||rowspan="4"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||27||7||2||0||11||0||40||7
|-
|1997||31||8||3||1||5||1||39||10
|-
|1998||24||1||2||0||2||1||28||2
|-
|1999||28||1||1||0||4||2||33||3
|-
|2000||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||5||1||0||0||2||0||7||1
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||42||10||4||2||2||0||48||12
|-
|2002||J. League 1||23||2||0||0||4||0||27||2
|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Albirex Niigata||J. League 2||41||13||3||0||colspan="2"|-||44||13
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||30||5||1||1||6||0||37||6
|-
|2005||34||2||1||1||3||0||38||3
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||21||0||2||0||6||0||29||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Tochigi||rowspan="2"|Football League||19||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||19||2
|-
|2008||16||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||18||4
341||56||21||5||45||4||407||65
341||56||21||5||45||4||407||65
|}
Sorrento Calcio

**Sorrento Calcio** is a football club which plays in Italy.  They were founded in 1945.

## Noted players

- Giuseppe Bruscolotti
- Gennaro Ruotolo

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: Sorrento
- **fullname**: A.S.D. Sorrento 1945
- **image size**: 200px
- **founded**:
 (as _Sorrento Calcio_)
2016 (re-founded)
- **ground**: Stadio Italia,
Sorrento, Italy
- **capacity**: 3,600
- **chairman**: Franco Giglio
- **manager**: Pino La Scala
- **league**: Serie D, Serie D/H
- **season**: 2019-20
- **position**: 3rd place
- **website**: http://www.fcsorrento.com/
- **pattern la1**: _redlower
- **pattern b1**: _blackstripes5
- **pattern ra1**: _redlower
- **pattern sh1**: _redbottom
- **body1**: FF0000
- **leftarm1**: 000000
- **rightarm1**: 000000
- **shorts1**: 000000
- **socks1**: 000000
- **pattern la2**: _samredborder
- **pattern b2**: _collarblack
- **pattern ra2**: _samredborder
- **leftarm2**: FFD700
- **body2**: FFD700
- **rightarm2**: FFD700
- **shorts2**: 000000
- **socks2**: FFD700
Takayoshi Ono

**Takayoshi Ono** (born 30 April 1978) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||28||2||2||0||1||0||31||2
|-
|2002||36||14||3||1||colspan="2"|-||39||15
|-
|2003||29||7||||||colspan="2"|-||29||7
92||23||5||1||1||0||98||24
92||23||5||1||1||0||98||24
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Takayoshi Ono
小野 隆儀
- **fullname**: Takayoshi Ono
- **birth place**: Fukushima Prefecture, Fukushima, Japan
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthyears1**: 1994–1996
- **youthclubs1**: Fukushima Higashi High School
- **youthyears2**: 1997–2000
- **youthclubs2**: University of Tsukuba
- **years1**: 2001–2003
- **clubs1**: Mito HollyHock
- **caps1**: 93
- **goals1**: 23
- **years2**: 2004–2010
- **clubs2**: FC Primeiro
- **totalcaps**: 93
- **totalgoals**: 23
Larissa F.C.

**Larissa F.C.** (_official name is AE Larissas 1964_) is a football club which plays in Greece. The club based in the city of Larissa. It has won three titles totally,  one Greek championship and two Greek cups.

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: AE Larissas 1964
- **fullname**: Athlitiki Enosi Larissas 1964
- **founded**: 1964
- **ground**: AEL FC Arena,
Larissa, Greece
- **capacity**: 16,116
- **chairman**: Konstantinos Piladakis
- **manager**: Chris Coleman
- **captain**: Stelios Venetidis
- **league**: Super League Greece
- **season**: Super League Greece 2008–09, 2008/09
- **position**: Super League Greece, 5th
Swing vote

**Swing voters** are people who vote who do not always vote for the same party. Their vote is called a **swing vote**.

The swing vote is often closely studied when there are elections because it often decides who wins the election. In many elections parties try to convince the swing voters and the people who vote for the first time to vote for them. In contrast to the swing voters, there are other voters who have always voted for the same party in the past. A campaign for a vote therefore often focuses less on keeping the people who will always vote for their party; the parties spend more effort and money on convincing new people to vote for them.
Problem of evil

The **problem of evil** is the question whether evil exists, and if so whether it disproves the existence of God. Certain religions say there is a deity (or god) who is all-loving, all-knowing and all-powerful. In these religions, the question to answer is how an all-loving and all-powerful god could allow evil to exist.

Responses include the argument that if there is free will, evil must necessarily exist; that humans cannot understand God; that evil is simply being without god; or that there is evil because the world is corrupted and fallen (from divine grace).

## Logical problem of evil

A version of the problem of evil, which might have been asked by Epicurus, goes like this:
1. If a perfectly good god exists, then evil does not.
1. There is evil in the world.
1. Therefore, a perfectly good god does not exist.

Another argument goes:
1. God exists.
1. God is all-powerful, all-knowing, and perfectly good.
1. A perfectly good being would want to prevent all evils.
1. An all-knowing being knows every way in which evils can happen.
1. An all-powerful being, who knows every way in which an evil can come into existence, has the power to prevent that evil from happening.
1. A being who knows every way in which an evil can happen, who is able to prevent that evil from happening, and who wants to do so, would prevent it.
1. If there exists an all-powerful, all-knowing, and perfectly good being, then no evil exists.
1. Evil exists (logical contradiction).

Arguments such as these are about the _logical_ problem of evil. They attempt to show that the assumed propositions lead to a logical contradiction and cannot therefore all be correct.

A common response is that God can exist with and allow evil in order to achieve a greater good. Some philosophers accept that arguments such as "God allows evil in order to achieve the greater good of free will" are logically possible and thus solve the logical problem of evil. Since the aim is only to defeat the assertion that God and evil are _logically incompatible_, even a highly implausible instance of God's coexistence with evil is sufficient for the purpose.

Philosophies of science have approached the problem from the angle of empiricism. For logical positivism the issue with God is the lack of any independent method of verification. In their view, this makes the proposition "God exists" not true or false, but meaningless. A similar position points to the lack of any way the proposition might be falsified.

## Related pages

- Philosophy of religion
- Theodicy
Argument from inconsistent revelations

The **Argument from inconsistent revelations** (also known as **Avoiding the wrong hell problem**) is an argument that says that God probably does not exist. There are many religions which are based on revelations. The problem with these revelations is that they contradict each other. A person must either accept or reject at least one of these revelations in order to be part of a religious group. That way, accepting one means rejecting some (if not all) of the others. Unless the revelation is personal, the follower must to some extent rely on the judgment or the stories of others. Assuming the revelation is personal, the follower is still ignoring the revelations of those before him.

Christians believe that Jesus is the savior of the world and the son of God; Jews believe just as strongly that he is not. Similarly, Muslims believe that the Qur'an was divinely authored, while Jews and Christians do not. There are many examples of such contrasting views. Positions where one religion contradicts another, or where one group of people contradicts another are common. There are many denominations in Christianity who do not agree about many things.
Deadlock

A **deadlock** is a situation where two or more competing actions are waiting for the other to finish. As a consequence, neither ever does. It is often seen in paradoxes like the "chicken or the egg."

In computer science, **deadlock** refers to a specific condition when two or more processes are each waiting for each other to release a resource. It can also be that more than two processes are waiting for a number of resources. Deadlock is a common problem in multiprocessing where many processes share a specific type of mutually exclusive resource known as a _software lock_ or _soft lock_. Computers intended for the _time-sharing_ or _real-time_ markets often have a _hardware lock_ (or _hard lock_) which guarantees _exclusive access_ to processes. Deadlocks are particularly troubling because there is no _general_ solution to avoid (soft) deadlocks.

A similar situation is when two people are drawing diagrams, but they have only one pencil and one ruler. If one person takes the pencil and the other takes the ruler, a deadlock occurs when the person with the pencil needs the ruler and the person with the ruler needs the pencil to finish his work with the ruler. Both requests can't be satisfied, so a deadlock occurs.

The telecommunications description of deadlock is a little stronger: deadlock occurs when none of the processes meet the condition to move to another state (as described in the process's finite state machine) _and_ all the communication channels are empty. The second condition is often left out on other systems, but is important in the telecommunication context.
False analogy

A **false analogy** is an informal fallacy. It applies to inductive arguments. The fallacy is committed when an analogy is not strong enough to support the conclusion that is drawn.

Usually this fallacy is committed when one reasons that if two things, situations or cases are alike in some respects, then they would be alike in other respects too, without valid justification. One who makes a weak analogy or comparison is often said to be "comparing apples and oranges".

Basic Structure:

1. Entity A has attributes a, b, c, and z.
1. Entity B has attributes a, b, c.
1. Therefore, entity B probably has attribute z also.

Evaluating an argument having this form requires a two-step procedure: (1) Identify the attributes a, b, c, . . . that the two entities A and B share, and (2) determine how the attribute z, mentioned in the conclusion, relates to the attributes a, b, c, . . . If some causal or systematic relation exists between z and a, b, or c, the argument is a strong inductive argument; otherwise, it is weak.

## Examples

The following are examples of false analogies:

- Amber’s dog is similar in many ways to Kyle’s cat. Both like being petted, they enjoy being around people, they beg for food at the dinner table, and they sleep with their owners. Amber’s dog loves to romp on the beach with Amber. Therefore, Kyle’s cat probably loves to romp on the beach with Kyle.

## Related pages

- Moral equivalence
Lord Berners

**Lord Berners**, whose full name was **Gerald Hugh Tyrwhitt-Wilson, 14th Baron Berners**,  (born Apley Hall, Shropshire, 18 September 1883; died Faringdon House, Berkshire, 19 April 1950), was a British composer of classical music, novelist and  painter. He is usually called **Lord Berners**.  He was an amateur composer who is remembered for his strange, eccentric behaviour.

## Life

Berners was born in Apley Hall, Bridgnorth, England. The Berners family were related to King Edward III of England.  His father was a naval officer who was not often at home.  He was looked after by his mother and grandmother who was very religious and very strict.  Berners was very interested in lots of things, especially music, but his mother did nothing to help him.

At first he went to boarding school in Cheam.  Then he went to Eton.  He taught himself to compose.  He became a diplomat and travelled to Rome and Constantinople.  In 1919, when his uncle died, he became 14th Baron Berners and 5th Baronet.  He had already composed some music which had been published under the name Gerald Tyrwhitt.

Berners lived an eccentric life.  He lived in Berkshire but also had houses in London and Rome.  He had plenty of money, so that he did not have to work.  He had many friends, including the composers Stravinsky, Lambert and William Walton who dedicated his _Belshazzar’s Feast_ to him.

## His music

Berners’s music is full of Romantic feeling, irony and parody.  He wrote a lot for the theatre.  He composed _The Triumph of Neptune_ in 1926 for Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes.  His music could often be described as light music.

## His eccentricities

Berners started his strange behaviour when he was quite small.  He had heard that a dog could be taught to swim by throwing it into water, so he decided to teach his dog to fly by throwing it out of the window.  The dog was not hurt, but Berners was given a beating.

He was often naughty, making silly traps for people.  He was sent to boarding school in Cheam when he was nine.  There he had a gay relationship with an older boy.  He was then sent to Eton College.  Berners said that he learned nothing there.

Later, when he was grown up, he painted pigeons at his house and once he even had a giraffe as a pet so that he could have tea with it.  He travelled in a Rolls-Royce and kept a clavichord under the front seat.

## Death

He died in 1950 at Faringdon House, leaving his estate to his partner Robert ('Mad Boy') Heber Percy, who lived with him at Faringdon.

His epitaph on his gravestone reads:
- "Here lies Lord Berners
- One of life's learners
- His great love of learning
- May earn him a burning
- Thanks be to the Lord
- He never was bored".
Ang Lee

**Ang Lee** (born 23 October 1954) is a Taiwanese movie director. He has directed movies like _Eat Drink Man Woman_, _Sense and Sensibility_, _Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon_, _Hulk_ and _Brokeback Mountain_. He has won Academy Awards (Oscars) for _Brokeback Mountain_ and 'Life of Pi'.

## Biography

Ang Lee was born in 1954 in a town called Chaozhou, Pingtung, Taiwan He went to the National Tainan First Senior High School where his father was the principal, and then to the National Arts School. He graduated in 1975. In 1979, he went to the United States and studied theater at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He got his Master's degree at New York University, and he worked there with another famous director called Spike Lee.

## Films

- 1993: _The Wedding Banquet_
- 1994: _Eat Drink Man Woman_
- 1995: _Sense and Sensibility_
- 1997: _The Ice Storm_
- 2000: _Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon_
- 2003: _Hulk_
- 2005: _Brokeback Mountain_
- 2007: _Lust, Caution_
- 2012: _Life of Pi_
Gustav Klimt

**Gustav Klimt** (14 July 1862 – 6 February 1918) was an Austrian Symbolist painter. He was one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. His major works include paintings, mosaics, murals, sketches, and other art objects, some of them are inspired by Japanese art. Many of them are on display in the Vienna Secession gallery. Klimt's primary subject was the female body, and his works are marked by a frank eroticism — nowhere is this more apparent than in his numerous drawings in pencil (see _Mulher sentada_, below).

Klimt died of influenza in Vienna in 1918.

The painting Portrait of Fraulein Lieser, "was last seen in public in 1925", until it was (sold or) auctioned in 2024.

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Gustav Klimt
- **image**: Klimt.jpg
- **birth name**: Gustav Klimt
- **birth place**: Baumgarten, Vienna, Baumgarten (near Vienna),
- **death place**: Vienna,
- **nationality**: Austro-Hungarian Empire, Imperial Austrian
- **field**: Painting, Painter
- **movement**: Symbolism (arts), Symbolism, Art Nouveau
- **works**: _Judith and the Head of Holofernes_
_Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I_
_The Kiss (Klimt painting), The Kiss_
_Danaë (Klimt painting), Danaë_
Spike Lee

**Spike Lee** (born March 20, 1957) is an American movie director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He also teaches movie at New York University and Columbia University. Lee has acted in many of his own movies.

## Early life

Lee was born Shelton Jackson Lee in 1957 in Atlanta, Georgia. His mother was a teacher, and his father was a jazz musician. When Lee was very young, the family moved to live in Brooklyn, New York City. His mother gave him the nickname "Spike".

## Career

The first movie Lee directed was _She's Gotta Have It_. Lee directed the two music videos for Michael Jackson's single "They Don't Care About Us". In 2002 Lee won the Special Award at the BAFTAs.

Lee's movies _Do the Right Thing_, _Malcolm X_, _4 Little Girls_, and _She's Gotta Have It_ were picked by the Library of Congress to be remembered forever in the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

### Acting roles

|Year|Film|Role||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1986|_She's Gotta Have It_|Mars Blackmon||
|1988|_School Daze_|Half-Pint||
|1989|_Do the Right Thing_|Mookie||
|rowspan="2"|1990|_Mo' Better Blues_|Giant|
|_Lonely in America_|Himself|||
|1991|_Jungle Fever_|Cyrus||
|1992|_Malcolm X_|Shorty||
|rowspan="2"|1994|_Crooklyn_|Snuffy|
|_Drop Squad_|Himself|||
|1995|_Clockers_|Chucky||
|1996|_Girl 6_|Jimmy||
|1999|_Summer of Sam_|John Jeffries||
|2000|_Lisa Picard Is Famous_|Himself||
|2001|style="text-align:left;"|_3 A.M._|Filmmaker|
|2012|_Red Hook Summer_|Mookie||