juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hjorthagens IP

**Hjorthagens IP** is a sports ground in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It has been used by Djurgårdens IF FF as practice ground. It has also been used by Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening as well as Värtans IK. In the wintertime is has been ice skating.

Three soccer grounds using artificial turfs were opened on 3 October 2012.

## Infobox (venue)

- **name**: Hjorthagens IP
- **nickname**: Hjortis
- **image**: Hjorthagens IP 2012.JPG
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Hjorthagens IP in October 2012
- **location**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **type**: sports ground
- **owner**: Stockholm Municipality
- **tenants**: Djurgårdens IF FF, Djurgårdens IF Handikappfotbollförening, Värtans IK
Marie McDonald

**Marie McDonald** (July 6, 1923 – October 21, 1965) was an American singer and actor. She was known as "The Body Beautiful" and later nicknamed "The Body". She was in many movies and television programs. In _Lucky Jordan_, she played Pearl. In _Guest of the House_, she played Miriam.

On January 5, 1957, a truck driver found McDonald on a highway near Indio, California. After she was rescued, a doctor found she had two cracked teeth, bruises on her face and injuries on her neck, legs and cheek. She claimed that she was kidnapped by two men. Police began doubting McDonald's story. Harry Karl, her estranged husband, also doubted the story, and claimed she was not well.

McDonald was born in Kentucky. She died from an overdose of drugs at age 42 in California.
Okefenokee Swamp

The **Okefenokee** is a swamp, a National Wildlife Refuge and a U.S. wilderness area. It is a shallow, , peat-filled wetland straddling the Georgia–Florida border in the United States.

The Okefenokee is the largest "blackwater" swamp in North America. The term Okefenokee in Native American is "land of trembling earth". The swamp was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1974. The Okefenokee Swamp is considered to be one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Georgia.

The swamp was formed over the past 6,500 years by the build-up of peat in a shallow basin on the edge of an ancient Atlantic coastal terrace, the geological relic of a Pleistocene estuary.
The swamp is bordered by Trail Ridge, a strip of higher land believed to have formed as coastal dunes or an offshore barrier island. The Suwanee River drains at least 90% of the swamp's watershed southwest towards the Gulf of Mexico.

Longtime residents of the Okefenokee Swamp, "Swampers", are mostly of English ancestry. Due to their isolation, the Swampers used Elizabethan phrases and syntax well into the twentieth century. The Suwanee Canal was dug across the swamp in the late nineteenth century in a failed attempt to drain the Okefenokee. After the Suwanee Canal Company's bankruptcy, most of the swamp was bought by the Hebard family of Philadelphia, who logged cypress from 1909 to 1927. Several other logging companies ran railroad lines into the swamp until 1942; some remains are visible across swamp waterways. Most of the Okefenokee Swamp is included in the 403,000 acre (1630 km²) Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge.

A wildfire begun by a lightning strike near the center of the Refuge on May 5, 2007 eventually merged with another wildfire which began near Waycross, Georgia, on April 16 when a tree fell on a power line. By May 31, more than , or more than 935 square miles, had burned in the region.

The Okefenokee Swamp Alliance is a conservation group that works for the continued preservation of the swamp.

## Infobox (designation list)

- **embed**: yes
- **designation1**: NNL
- **designation1 date**: 1974


## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Okefenokee Swamp
- **photo caption**: Wooded swamp habitat on the west side of the swamp.
- **map image**: Okefenokeelocatormap.png
- **location**: Southern Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
Northern Florida
- **area acre**: 438000
James Paris Lee

**James Paris Lee** (9 August 1831 –  24 February 1904) was a British, Canadian inventor. He was also a small arms designer. Lee is best known for inventing the Lee-Metford and Lee-Enfield series of rifles.

Lee was born in Hawick, Scotland, 9 August 1831. At age 12 he created his first gun. He accidentally blew himself up with gunpowder. He also accidentally shot himself, twice. His family was surprised he reached adulthood. He was obsessed with guns, but he was apprenticed to a clockmaker. His family migrated to Canada. Lee worked making and repairing clocks and watches. In 1850 he opened his own shop where he could work on rifles in his spare time.
Blackwater river

A **blackwater river** is a river with a deep, slow-moving channel flowing through forested swamps or wetlands. Its colour is caused by the decaying vegetation. As vegetation decays, tannins leach into the water, making a transparent, acidic water that is darkly stained, looking like tea or coffee.

Most rivers in the Amazon Basin and the Southern United States are  blackwater rivers. Not all dark rivers are blackwater in that technical sense. Some rivers in temperate regions, which drain or flow through areas of dark black soil, are black due to the color of the soil. These rivers are _black mud rivers_ or estuaries.

Blackwater rivers are lower in nutrients than whitewater rivers and have ionic concentrations higher than rainwater.  The unique conditions lead to flora and fauna that differ both from whitewater and clearwater rivers.

The classification of Amazonian rivers into black, clear and whitewater was first proposed by Alfred Russel Wallace in 1853.
Edmund Ignatius Rice

**Edmund Ignatius Rice** (; 1 June 1762 – 29 August 1844), was a Roman Catholic missionary and educator. Rice was the founder of two religious institutes of monks. In 1808 Rice and several friends took religious vows and became the Presentation Brothers. In 1822, as Brother Ignatius, he was elected Superior general of the Irish Christian Brothers.

In 1779 he became his uncle's apprentice in a merchant business. Rice inherited the business about 1790 after his uncle died. He became a successful businessman. After his wife died he dedicated his life and wealth to helping the poor.
Joshua Fishman

**Joshua Aaron Fishman** (Yiddish: שיקל פֿישמאַן — Shikl Fishman; July 18, 1926 – March 1, 2015) was an American linguist. He specialized in the sociology of language, language planning, bilingual education, and language and ethnicity.

Fishman was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died in The Bronx, New York, aged 88.
Anthony Mason (basketball)

**Anthony George Douglas Mason** (December 14, 1966 – February 28, 2015) was an American professional basketball player. In his 13-year career he played with the New Jersey Nets, Denver Nuggets, New York Knicks, Charlotte Hornets, Milwaukee Bucks and Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association.

Mason was born in Miami, Florida. He spend most of his life in Tennessee and in New York City. Mason studied at Tennessee State University.

Mason played for Tennessee State University and played professionally in Turkey, Venezuela, the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) and the United States Basketball League (USBL).

Mason suffered a massive heart attack in early February 2015 and was diagnosed with congestive heart failure. He died on February 28, 2015 in Manhattan, New York at the age of 48 from the illness.
M. Stanton Evans

**Medford Stanton Evans** (July 20, 1934 – March 3, 2015) was an American journalist, author and educator. He was the author of eight books, including _Blacklisted by History: The Untold Story of Senator Joe McCarthy and His Fight Against America's Enemies_ (2007).

Evans was born in Kingsville, Texas. He was raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee and in the Washington, D.C. area. He studied at Yale University. Evans died in Leesburg, Virginia from pancreatic cancer, aged 80.
Enrique Bolaños

**Enrique José Bolaños Geyer** (13 May 1928 – 14 June 2021) was a Nicaraguan politician. He was the President of Nicaragua from 10 January, 2002 to 10 January, 2007.

Bolaños died in Nindirí, Nicaragua on 14 June 2021, just one month after his 93rd birthday.

## Other websites

- Biography and tenure by CIDOB Foundation  (in Spanish)

## Infobox (president)

- **name**: Enrique Bolaños
- **order**: President of Nicaragua
- **vicepresident**: José Rizo Castellón,
Alfredo Gómez Urcuyo
- **image**: Enrique_Bolaños_Geyer_2004.jpg
- **caption**: Enrique Bolaños during a visit of United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld to Managua in 2004
- **term start**: January 10, 2002
- **term end**: January 10, 2007
- **predecessor**: Arnoldo Alemán
- **successor**: Daniel Ortega
- **order2**: Vice President of Nicaragua
- **president2**: José Arnoldo Alemán Lacayo
- **term start2**: January 10, 1997
- **term end2**: October 24, 2000
- **predecessor2**: Julia Mena
- **successor2**: Leopoldo Navarro
- **birth place**: Masaya, Nicaragua
- **alma mater**: Saint Louis University
- **death place**: Nindirí, Masaya, Nindirí, Nicaragua
- **spouse**: Lila Abaunza (deceased)
- **children**: 5
- **party**: Alliance for the Republic (Nicaragua), Alliance for the Republic
Arturo Armando Molina

Colonel **Arturo Armando Molina** (August 6, 1927 – July 19, 2021) was the 36th President of El Salvador. He served between July 1, 1972 and July 1, 1977. Molina was a member of the National Conciliation Party.

Molina died on July 19, 2021 in El Salvador at the age of 93.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Arturo Armando Molina
- **office**: President of El Salvador
- **term start**: July 1, 1972
- **term end**: July 1, 1977
- **predecessor**: Fidel Sánchez Hernández
- **successor**: Carlos Humberto Romero
- **birth place**: San Salvador, El Salvador
- **death place**: San Salvador, El Salvador
- **profession**: Military, politician
- **party**: National Coalition (El Salvador), National Coalition Party
José Napoleón Duarte

**José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes** (November 23, 1925 – February 23, 1990) was a Salvadoran politician. He served as President of El Salvador from 1984 to 1989.  He was mayor of San Salvador before running for president in 1972.

Duarte died of stomach cancer in San Salvador at the age of 64.

## Other websites

- José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes: President of El Salvador  CNN Cold War Profile
- Article about Herbert Sanabria's murder in 1987.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: José Napoleón Duarte
- **image**: José Napoleón Duarte 1987c.jpg
- **caption**: José Napoleón Duarte in 1987
- **office**: President of El Salvador
- **term start**: June 1, 1984
- **term end**: June 1, 1989
- **predecessor**: Álvaro Magaña
- **successor**: Alfredo Cristiani
- **birth name**: José Napoléon Duarte Fuentes
- **birth place**: Santa Ana, El Salvador
- **death place**: San Salvador, El Salvador
- **profession**: politician, military
- **party**: Christian Democratic Party (El Salvador), Christian Democratic Party
- **spouse**: Inés Durán de Duarte
- **alma mater**: University of Notre Dame
All Apologies

"**All Apologies**" is the second single off American rock band Nirvana's third studio album _In Utero_. The song was released on December 6, 1993. It was released as a double A-side along with the song "Rape Me".

On the _Billboard_ charts, _All Apologies_ ranked at #1 on the Alternative Songs, #4 on the Mainstream Rock, and #45 on the Radio Songs charts.

In 1995, the song was nominated for two Grammy Awards in the categories of Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and Best Rock Song in 1995. "All Apologies" won a BMI award winning song. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame included the song on their list of "The Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll".

## Other websites

- "All Apologies (MTV Unplugged)" on YouTube

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: All Apologies
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Nirvana (band), Nirvana
- **album**: In Utero
- **a-side**: "Rape Me" (double A-side)
- **b-side**: Moist Vagina
- **released**: December 6, 1993
- **recorded**: February 1993 at Pachyderm Studio in Cannon Falls, Minnesota, Cannon Falls, Minnesota
- **genre**: Grunge, alternative rock
- **length**: 3:50
- **label**: DGC Records, DGC
- **writer**: Kurt Cobain
- **producer**: Steve Albini
- **prev title**: Heart-Shaped Box
- **prev year**: 1993
- **title2**: Rape Me
- **next title**: #MTV Unplugged version, All Apologies (unplugged)
- **next year**: 1994
European green woodpecker

The **European green woodpecker** (_Picus viridis_), or European green woodpecker, is a member of the woodpecker family Picidae. It occurs in most of Europe and in western Asia. There are four subspecies. All have green upperparts, paler yellowish underparts, and a red crown.

The woodpecker spends much of its time feeding on ants on the ground and does not often 'drum' on trees like other woodpecker species. It is a shy bird but usually draws attention with its loud calls. A nest hole is excavated in a tree; four to six eggs are laid which hatch after 19–20 days.

It gives a loud call known as  yaffling.

Old deciduous trees for nesting, and nearby feeding grounds with plenty of ants, is essential. This is usually found in semi-open landscapes with small woodlands, hedges, scattered old trees, edges of forests and floodplain forests. Suitable habitats for foraging include grassland, heaths, plantations, orchards and lawns.

## Other websites

- Weasel on flying woodpecker. _BBC News_ Science & Environment. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-31722410
Honeyguide

**Honeyguides** (family **Indicatoridae**) are near-passerine birds of the order Piciformes.  They are also known as 'indicator birds', or 'honey birds'.

They have an Old World tropical distribution, with most species in Africa and two in Asia. These birds are known for their interaction with humans. One or two species will deliberately lead humans to bee colonies, so that they can feast on the grubs and beeswax that are left behind.

## Brooding

The breeding behavior of eight species in _Indicator_ and _Prodotiscus_ is known. They are all brood parasites that lay an egg in a nest of another species. Most prefer hole-nesting species, often the related barbets and woodpeckers, but _Prodotiscus_ parasitizes cup-nesters such as white-eyes and warblers. Honeyguide nestlings have been known to throw out their host's chicks from the nest. They have hooks on their beaks with which they puncture the hosts' eggs or kill the nestlings.

African honeyguide birds are known to lay their eggs in underground nests of other bee-eating bird species. The honeyguide chicks kill the hatchlings of the host using their needle-sharp beaks just after hatching, much as cuckoo hatchlings do. The honeyguide mother ensures her chick hatches first by internally incubating the egg for an extra day before laying it, so that it has a head start in development compared to the host.
Brood parasitism

**Brood parasites** are animals, usually birds, which trick other species to raise their young. The best-known example is the cuckoo. Brood parasitism works because the parasite develops faster than the resident eggs, kills its nestmates and turfs them out of the nest. The adult birds cannot tell the difference in the young, and spend their time raising the offspring of another species. In some cases, the parasite has the ability to make the begging cheeps of the host species.

The strength of defences and counter-adaptation rely on the species' ability to evolve. Some host species have very strong rejection defences. This makes the parasitic species evolving to have very close mimicry. But in other species, hosts do not reject the foreign egg. As a result, the parasitic species shows no egg mimicry.

Similar methods are used by some fish and insects.
Diggiloo

**Diggiloo** is an outdoor summertime show where famous artists tour Sweden. They perform songs accompanied by a live band. It debuted in 2003 with shows only in Båstad. The event became touring in 2004.
Ilha da Queimada Grande

**Ilha da Queimada Grande** is an island off of the coast of São Paulo state in Brazil. The island has earned the nickname of **Snake Island**. It is the home of the Golden Lancehead Viper (_Bothrops insularis_), one of the most venomous snakes in the world. The Brazilian Navy bans people from visiting, though some biologists and researchers are able to receive waivers to visit the island.
Sapporo International Ski Marathon

The **Sapporo International Ski Marathon** is a cross-country skiing marathon in Japan. It was held for first time in 1981 and is a part of Worldloppet since 1985.

## Other websites

- Official website
Dolomitenlauf

The **Dolomitenlauf** is a cross-country skiing marathon in Austria. It was first held in 1970 and has been part of Worldloppet as long as Worldloppet has been around.

## Other websites

- Official website
Gatineau Loppet

The **Gatineau Loppet**, earlier known as **Rivière Rouge**, **Gatineau 55** and **Keskinada Loppet**, is a cross-country skiing marathon in Canada. It is usually held in February outside Gatineau in the Québec Province. It was held for first time in 1979 and has been part of Worldloppet since then.

## Other websites

- Official website
David Usher

**David Usher** (born April 24, 1966) is an British-born Canadian rock singer-songwriter. He is the lead singer of the alternative rock band Moist.

Usher was born in Oxford, England. He lived in many different places such as Malaysia, New York City, California and Thailand before his family decided to finally settle in Kingston, Ontario. Usher attended high school at Kingston Collegiate and Vocational Institute and he attended Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia. He majored in political science. While attending Simon Fraser, Usher formed Moist with guitarist Mark Makowy and keyboardist Kevin Young.

Usher is also a humanist, and he has been involved in causes like War Child Canada, White Ribbon Campaign and Amnesty International. He was featured in the 2001 MuchMusic special _Musicians in the WarZone_, a humanitarian documentary which was produced by War Child Canada and was directed by filmmaker Liz Marshall.

### Studio albums

**with Moist**
- _Silver_ (1994)
- _Creature_ (1996)
- _Mercedes Five and Dime_ (2000)
- _Machine Punch Through: The Singles Collection_ (2001)
- _Glory Under Dangerous Skies_ (2014)

**solo**
- _Little Songs_ (1998)
- _Morning Orbit_ (2001)
- _Hallucinations_ (2003)
- _If God Had Curves_ (2005)
- _Strange Birds_ (2007)
- _Wake Up and Say Goodbye_ (2008)
- _The Mile End Sessions_ (2010)
- _Songs from the Last Day on Earth_
- _Let It Play_ (2016)

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: David Usher
- **img**: David Usher 2012.jpg
- **img capt**: Usher in May 2012
- **img size**: 275px
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Oxford, England
- **origin**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock, pop rock
- **instrument**: singing, Vocals
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter
- **years active**: 1992–_present_
- **label**: MapleMusic Recordings, Capitol Records, Capitol
- **associated acts**: Moist (Canadian band), Moist
- **url**: [http://www.davidusher.com/ Official website]
Ushuaia Loppet

The **Ushuaia Loppet** is a cross-country skiing marathon in Argentina. It was first held in 1986.

## Other websites

- Official website
Bieg Piastów

The **Bieg Piastów** is a cross-country skiing marathon in Poland. It was held for first time in 1976  and is part of Worldloppet since 2008.

## Other websites

- Official website
Tuskegee Airmen

The **Tuskegee Airmen**  is the popular name for a group of African-American military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in World War II. Formally, they formed the 332nd Fighter Group and the 477th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces. The name also applies to the crew members and supportpersonnel. Their units were all black and all segregated. They had an outstanding record. As fighter escorts they had the reputation that not a single bomber was lost to enemy action while being escorted by Tuskegee airmen.

The Tuskegee Airmen were the first African-American military aviators in the United States Armed Forces. During World War II, Black Americans in many U.S. states were still subject to the Jim Crow laws. Most Tuskegee pilots were trained at Tuskegee Army Airfield in Tuskegee, Alabama. Training bomber crews took longer than training fighter pilots and the war was won before they finished. Navigators and other crew members trained at various army based in the US.

## Infobox (military unit)

- **unit name**: Tuskegee Airmen (unofficial)
- **image**: Shield of the 332nd Fighter Group.svg
- **caption**: Emblems of wing
- **dates**: 1940–1952
- **country**: United States
- **branch**: United States Army Air Forces, United States Army Air Corps
 United States Army Air Forces
United States Air Force
- **role**: Fighter unit
- **command structure**: 332nd FG, 332nd Fighter Group (99th Fighter Squadron, 100th Fighter Squadron, 301st Fighter Squadron, 302d Fighter Squadron), 477th Fighter Group, 477th Medium Bombardment Group (616th Bombardment Squadron, 617th Bombardment Squadron, 618th Bombardment Squadron, 619th Bombardment Squadron)
- **nickname**: Red Tails
 Red-Tail Angels
- **motto**: _Spit Fire_
- **battles**: World War II
Demino Ski Marathon

The **Demino Ski Marathon** is a cross-country skiing marathon in Russia. It was held for first time on 2007 and was appointed as a Worldloppet event in June 2012.

## Other websites

- Official website
Merino Muster

The **Merino Muster** is a cross-country skiing marathon on the South Island of New Zealand. It was held for first time in 1995 and is part of Worldloppet since 2014.

## Other websites

- Official website
East London

**East London** is the northeastern part of London. It is east of the City of London.

It does not have an official definition. The idea has its origins in 1720 as "That part beyond the Tower". By 1950 it was called East London and included all of Greater London east of the City of London and north of the River Thames. This area now makes up the London boroughs of Barking and Dagenham, Hackney, Havering, Newham, Redbridge, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest. It includes one of the highest ethnic minority populations in the country, mostly families of South Asian origin.

The East End of London is a subset of East London, corresponding to areas closer to the ancient City.

The early development of London eastward was caused by shipping on the River Thames. There were docks and shipbuilding. These industries declined after World War II. Felixstowe is now used as the main container port of southern England. East London is now an area of regeneration.

Areas further such as Hackney developed in the Victorian and Edwardian eras following the expansion of the railways in the 19th century. In Bethnal Green and Stepney, the population peaked in 1891 and growth was restricted to the outer boroughs. By 1971 the population had peaked in every borough and the entire area was experiencing population decline. By the time of the 2011 census this had reversed and every borough had some growth in population.

Many famous places like Whitechapel, Stratford and Shoreditch are in East London.

|Borough||Barking and Dagenham||Hackney||Havering||Newham||Redbridge||Tower Hamlets||Waltham Forest|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Location|||||||||||||||
|Population (2001)|165,700|207,200|224,700|249,500|241,900|201,100|222,000||||||||
|Population (1901)|25,080|374,132|24,853|338,506|77,621|578,143|154,146||||||||
|Population (1801)|1,937|14,609|6,370|8,875|4,909|130,871|6,500||||||||
|Population peak|168,724 (1951)|379,120 (1911)|248,107 (1971)|454,096 (1931)|270,876 (1951)|584,936 (1891)|280,094 (1931)||||||||
Allister

**Allister** is an American punk rock band from Chicago, Illinois.

## Career

The band was formed in 1995 under the name Phineas Gage by high school classmates Tim Rogner and John "Johnny" Hamada. Eric "Skippy" Mueller later joined the band in 1996. In 1996, the band changed their name to Allister, to pay tribute to Alasdair Gillis from the Canadian TV show _You Can't Do That on Television_. The band released their debut studio album, _Dead Ends and Girlfriends_ in 1999 through Drive-Thru Records.

Their second studio album _Last Stop Suburbia_ was released on October 1, 2002. Their song "Somewhere On Fullerton" from _Last Stop Suburbia_ was featured in the 2003 video game _Disney's Extreme Skate Adventure_.

## Band members

- Current
- Tim Rogner — Drums, percussion, lead and backing vocals (1995—2000); rhythm and lead guitar, lead and backing vocals (2000—2007, 2010—present)
- Scott Murphy — Bass guitar, lead and backing vocals (1998—2007, 2010—present)
- Kyle Lewis — lead guitar, backing vocals (2003—2007, 2010—present)
- Buddy "Goldfinger" Schaub — Tenor trombone and backing vocals (1993—present)

- Former
- John Hamada — lead guitar, backing and lead vocals (1995—2002); backing vocals (July 20, 2007)
- Eric "Skippy" Mueller — bass guitar, backing vocals (1996—1998); rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1998—2000)
- David Rossi — drums, percussion (2000—2003)
- Chris Rogner — lead guitar, backing vocals (2002—2003); rhythm guitar, lead and backing vocals (2007)

### Studio albums

- _Dead Ends and Girlfriends_ (1999)
- _Last Stop Suburbia_ (2002)
- _Before the Blackout_ (2005)
- _Countdown to Nowhere_ (2010)
- _Life Behind Machines_ (2012)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Allister
- **img**: Allister at Shibuya Eggman livehouse.jpg
- **img capt**: Allister at the Shibuya Eggman livehouse in Tokyo in 2012
- **img size**: 350px
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Chicago, Illinois
- **genre**: Pop punk, punk rock
- **years active**: 1995–2007, 2010–present
- **label**: Drive-Thru Records, Drive-Thru, Universal Music Japan, Universal J
- **associated acts**: Scott Murphy (musician), Scott Murphy, Scott & Rivers
- **current members**: Tim Rogner
Scott Murphy
Kyle Lewis
Mike Leverence
- **past members**: John Hamada
Eric "Skippy" Mueller
David Rossi
Chris Rogner
Bio-Dome

***Bio-Dome*** is a 1996 American stoner comedy movie. It was directed by Jason Bloom. It was produced by Bradley Jenkel, Brad Krevoy, and Steven Stabler. _Bio-Dome_ was released on January 12, 1996.

The movie got negative reviews from critics. It has a 5% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Shore co-won a Razzie Award for Worst Actor and was tied with Tom Arnold who had won for _Big Bully_, _Carpool_ and _The Stupids_.

## Cast

- Pauly Shore as Bud "Squirrel" Macintosh
    - Adam Weisman as young Bud
- Stephen Baldwin as Doyle "Stubs" Johnson
    - Robbie Thibault, Jr. as young Doyle
- William Atherton as Dr. Noah Faulkner
- Joey Lauren Adams as Monique
- Teresa Hill as Jen
- Rose McGowan as Denise
- Kylie Minogue as Dr. Petra von Kant
- Dara Tomanovich as Mimi Simkins
- Henry Gibson as Dr. William Leaky
- Patricia Hearst as Mrs. Johnson
- Roger Clinton as Professor Bloom
- Taylor Negron as Russell
- Jeremy Jordan as Trent
- Channon Roe as Roach
- Trevor St. John as Parker
- Butch McCain as reporter Joachim West
- Ben McCain as news anchor Aries West
- Jack Black and Kyle Gass as Tenacious D
- Phil LaMarr and Paul Eiding as Assistants
- Phil Proctor as Axl
- Rodger Bumpass as Narrator

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Bio-Dome
- **director**: Jason Bloom (director), Jason Bloom
- **producer**: Bradley Jenkel
Brad Krevoy
Steven Stabler
- **screenplay**: Kip Koenig
Scott Marcano
- **story**: Adam Leff
Mitchell Peck
Jason Blumenthal
- **narrator**: Rodger Bumpass
- **starring**: Pauly Shore
Stephen Baldwin
William Atherton
Joey Lauren Adams
Teresa Hill
Rose McGowan
Kylie Minogue
Dara Tomanovich
- **music**: Andrew Gross
- **cinematography**: Phedon Papamichael, Phedon Papamichael, Jr.
- **editing**: Christopher Greenbury
- **distributor**: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
- **studio**: Motion Picture Corporation of America
- **released**: January 12, 1996
- **runtime**: 95 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: United States dollar, $10 million
- **gross**: $27,427,615
AIDS (MS-DOS)

**AIDS** is a computer virus that infects .COM and .EXE files. In MS-DOS, the .COM and .EXE files run programs including the operating system. When a computer is infected with this virus, it loads the virus into the computer memory. There, the AIDS virus may infect another .COM or .EXE file each time it is run. AIDS writes on the first 13,952 bytes of an infected executable file. These corrupted files have to be deleted and replaced by non-corrupted backups to remove the virus.

This virus is also known as the "Hahaha virus" in Europe. IBM calls it the "Taunt virus". When an infected computer starts up, it displays a message, with AIDS covering about half of the screen. The system is then halted. It is impossible to recover the original information of the file on the rewritten part.
Gilles Corey

**Giles Corey** ( August 1611 – September 19, 1692) was accused of witchcraft along with his wife Martha Corey during the Salem Witch Trials. After being arrested for witchcraft, Corey refused to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. As a result he was pressed to death.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Giles Corey
- **birth date**: before 19 August 1611
 Northampton, England
- **death date**: 19 September 1692 (aged 81)
 Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay
- **death cause**: Pressed to death
Maha Al Muneef

**Maha Al Muneef** (Arabic:  مها عبدالله المنيف) is a pediatrician from Saudi Arabia. She specializing in infectious diseases in children. Al-Muneef won an International Women of Courage Award in 2014.

### Shura Council

From 2009 to 2013, Al Muneef was a member of Saudi Arabia's Shura Council.

### The National Family Safety Program

Maha Al Muneef is the executive director of the National Family Safety Program (NFSP) in Saudi Arabia.  Al Muneef worked to spread knowledge about domestic violence and child abuse. The NFSP was created in 2005 in order to combat domestic violence and child abuse in Saudi Arabia. The NFSP started support programs, gave information about the numbers of attacks on women and children in Saudi Arabia, and worked to help people who were attacked or hurt.

### The "Protection from Abuse" law

In August 2013, the Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia passed a new law to protect people who are attacked or hurt by members of their own family. Al Muneef and the NFSP helped to write the "Protection from Abuse" law. The law describes and explains the meaning of domestic violence and makes it illegal in Saudi Arabia for the first time.

## Awards

In 2014, Maha Al Muneef received the International Women of Courage Award.

### U.S. President Obama presents award in Riyadh

The US President Barack Obama presented the award to Al Muneef during his visit to Riyadh on March 29, 2014. http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/culture/2014/04/saudi-physician-international-women-courage-award.html# Al-Muneer could not be at the March 4 ceremony in the United States for family health reasons. She received the award in a private ceremony at the Ritz Carlton hotel, where Obama stayed. Obama spoke about the importance of women's rights in Saudi Arabia, and the importance of helping the Saudi king understand this importance.  Obama told Al-Muneef he was “so very, very proud of you and grateful for all the work you’re doing here." He added, “I’m looking forward to seeing you do even more wonderful things in the future.” https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/world/middleeast/obama-saudi-arabia.html?_r=0

## Other websites

- 2015 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr 
- Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)
Swept Away (2002 movie)

***Swept Away*** is a 2002 romantic comedy movie. Madonna plays Amber Leighton. Elizabeth Banks plays Debi. Jeanne Tripplehorn plays Marina.

The movie received negative reviews from the movie critics. It was a box office bomb. It made only $1,036,000, compared to the ten million dollars it cost to make. It received a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Picture of 2002.
Maureen Dowd

**Maureen Brigid Dowd** (born January 14, 1952) is an American columnist for _The New York Times_. She is also a best-selling author. She worked for _Time_ magazine in the 1970s and 1980s. She worked for the _Washington Star_. She first joined _The New York Times_ in 1983.

In 1999, Dowd received a Pulitzer Prize. It was for her series of columns on the Monica Lewinsky scandal in the Clinton administration.

She was born in Washington, D.C..

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Maureen Dowd
- **image**: Maureen dowd pic cropped v3.jpg
- **caption**: Dowd at a Democratic Debate in Philadelphia, April 16, 2008
- **birthname**: Maureen Bridgid Dowd
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C.
- **education**: Immaculata High School
- **alma mater**: The Catholic University of America, Catholic University of America (Bachelor of Arts, B.A.)
- **occupation**: Columnist
- **credits**: _Washington Star, Time (magazine), Time, The New York Times_ (1983–present)
Nada Se Compara Contigo

***Nada Se Compara Contigo*** (_Nothing Compares to You_) is the tenth studio album released by Salvadoran performer Álvaro Torres. It was released on November 19, 1991. The album received a nomination for Latin Pop Album of the Year at the 5th Annual Lo Nuestro Awards.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Nada Se Compara Contigo
- **type**: studio album
- **artist**: Álvaro Torres
- **recorded**: 1990-1991
Santa Fe Recording Studios
<small>(Van Nuys, Los Angeles, Van Nuys, California)</small>
- **genre**: Latin pop
- **length**: 41:28
- **label**: EMI Latin, EMI Capitol
- **producer**: Enrique Elizondo
- **prev title**: Si Estuvieras Conmigo
- **prev year**: 1990
- **next title**: Homenaje a México
- **next year**: 1992
Ricardo Montaner (album)

***Ricardo Montaner*** is the first studio album recorded by Argentine-Venezuelan singer-songwriter Ricardo Montaner. It was released by TH-Rodven in early 1987 (see 1987 in music). It reached #1 on the _Billboard_ Latin Pop Albums chart.

## Track listing

© MCMLXXXVI. TH-Rodven Records. Inc.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Ricardo Montaner
- **type**: Studio album
- **artist**: Ricardo Montaner
- **recorded**: 1985-1986
* Audio Uno Studios
<small>(Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela)</small>
- **genre**: Latin pop · Latin ballad (1980s, 80's)
- **length**: 40:55
- **label**: Rodven, TH-Rodven
- **producer**: Pablo Manavello
- **prev title**: Cada Día
- **next title**: Ricardo Montaner, Vol. 2
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next year**: 1988
Chayanne es mi Nombre

***Chayanne es Mi Nombre*** is the solo album debut from Puerto Rican artist Chayanne, after he left Los Chicos. It was released on RCA Ariola in July 1984.

## Music videos

1. Chayanne es mi Nombre
1. ¿...Y Qué Culpa Tengo Yo?
1. De Dos en Dos
1. Chicos Malos

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Chayanne es mi Nombre
- **type**: Studio album
- **artist**: Chayanne
- **recorded**: 1983-1984
- **genre**: Latin pop (1980s, 80's)
- **length**: 34:32
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA Ariola
- **producer**: José Antonio Álvarez Alija
- **next title**: Sangre Latina
 (1986)
County Tyrone

**County Tyrone** is a county of Northern Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster. Tyrone is the eighth largest county by area on the island of Ireland. It is the largest county by area in Northern Ireland. Tyrone is the eleventh largest county by population on the island of Ireland. It is the fifth-largest county by population in Northern Ireland.

## Name

The name _Tyrone_ come from the Irish _Tír Eoghain_, which means "_land of Eoghan_".

## Demographics

County Tyrone is one of the four counties in Northern Ireland to have more people from a Catholic community background. In the year 1900 the population of Tyrone was 197,719. According to the 2021 census, it was 188,383.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: County Tyrone
- **native name**:
   (Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots)
- **settlement type**: Counties of Ireland, County
- **image shield**: Tyrone arms.svg
- **shield size**: 110px
- **nickname**: The Red Hand of Ulster, Red Hand County
- **motto**:
"By Wisdom and Prudence"
- **image map**: Island of Ireland location map Tyrone.svg
- **area total sq mi**: 1261
- **area rank**: List of Irish counties by area, 8th
- **seat type**: County town#Historic counties of Northern Ireland, County town
- **seat**: Omagh
- **population**: 188383
- **population rank**: List of Irish counties by population, 11th
- **population as of**: 2021
- **subdivision type**: sovereign state, Country
- **subdivision type2**: Provinces of Ireland, Province
- **subdivision name2**: Ulster
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **elevation max m**: 678
- **elevation max point**: Sawel Mountain
- **timezone**: Greenwich Mean Time, GMT
- **utc offset**: ±0
- **timezone dst**: British Summer Time, BST
- **utc offset dst**: +1
- **postal code type**: List of postcode areas in the United Kingdom, Postcode area
- **postal code**: BT postcode area, BT
- **established date**: 1585
- **established title**: Established
- **footnotes**: **' is the Irish language, Irish name; **', **' and **' are Ulster Scots dialects, Ulster Scots spellings (the latter used only by Dungannon & South Tyrone Borough Council).
- **subdivision name**: United Kingdom
- **subdivision type1**: Countries of the United Kingdom, Constituent country
- **subdivision name1**: Northern Ireland
Stock (food)

**Stock** in cooking (cuisine) is a liquid flavoring base for soups and sauces. It is a flavoured liquid preparation, and is the basis of many dishes.

The ideas go back to Carême, and were simplified by Escoffier.

A stock is made by simmering  animal bones and/or meat, fish, or vegetables in water and/or wine. mirepoix or other aromatics are added for more flavour. Mirepoix is a mixture of onions, carrots, celery, and sometimes other vegetables. Many use ready-made ingredients like Oxo cubes or bouillon cubes. It is possible to make stock more quickly with a pressure cooker.

Fish stock, however, is cooked for only twenty minutes or so.

Stock lasts for three or four days in the fridge, but can be boiled again, and stored again.
Dish (food)

A **dish** in gastronomy is a specific food preparation, a "distinct article or variety of food", ready to eat or to be served.

A dish may be served on tableware, or may be eaten in one's hands.

Instructions for preparing a dish are called recipes.

Some dishes, for example a hot dog with ketchup, rarely have their recipes  in cookbooks as they are made by simply combining two ready-to-eat foods.
Lily Serna

**Lily Serna** (born 5 July 1986) is an Australian mathematician and television presenter. She is best known for co-presenting the SBS game show _Letters and Numbers_ from 2010 until 2012 and the cooking show _Destination Flavour_ since later 2012.

Serna was born in Jerusalem. She moved to Sydney with her family when she was eight years old. Serna graduated from the University of Technology Sydney in 2009

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lily Serna
- **birth place**: Jerusalem
- **occupation**: Mathematician, television presenter
TACA Airlines

**TACA Airlines** (**Transportes Aereos del Continente Americano**) is an airline from El Salvador. In 2009 it was merged with Avianca. The two airlines continued to operate separately. TACA has had two major air crashes since 1970.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: TACA Airlines
- **logo**: File:TACA Wordmark.png
- **fleet size**: 44
- **iata**: TA
- **icao**: TAI
- **callsign**: TACA
- **founded**: 1931
- **ceased**: 2013
- **headquarters**: El Salvador
- **hubs**: San Salvador
- **website**: [http://www.taca.com]
Allegiant Air

**Allegiant Air** is an American low-cost airline. Owned by **Allegiant Travel Company**, it operates scheduled and charter flights. Allegiant Travel Company is a publicly traded company with 1,693 employees and over $2 billion USD in market capitalization. The corporate headquarters are in Enterprise, Nevada, a suburb of Las Vegas. Allegiant and the Las Vegas Raiders co-own the Allegiant Stadium, scheduled to host Super Bowl LVIII in February 2024.

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Allegiant Air
- **image**: Allegiant Air logo.svg
- **iata**: G4
- **icao**: AAY
- **callsign**: ALLEGIANT
- **founded**: January 1997
- **commenced**: June 1998
- **frequent flyer**: Allways Rewards
- **destinations**: 128
- **parent**: Allegiant Travel Company
- **num employees**: 5,000 (2018)
The Half Sisters

***The Half Sisters*** is a Philippine drama television series. It is broadcast by GMA Network.

## Cast

- Barbie Forteza as  Diana Mercado Valdicañas
- Thea Tolentino as Ashley Mercado Alcantara
- Derrick Monasterio as Sebastian 'Baste' David
- Andre Paras as Bradley 'Brad' Castillo
- Jean Garcia as Karina 'Rina' Mercado / Alexa Robbins
- Jomari Yllana as Benjamin 'Benjie' Valdicañas / Mang Tonyo and Noli de Santos
- Ryan Eigenmann as Alfred Alcantara
- Eula Valdez as Isabel dela Rhea / Ysabela Zuñiga-Valdicañas

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Melodrama
 Romance (love), Romance
- **director**: Mark A. Reyes
- **starring**: Barbie Forteza
Thea Tolentino
 Derrick Monasterio
 Andre Paras
 Jean Garcia
Jomari Yllana
 Ryan Eigenmann
 Eula Valdez
- **open theme**: _Ibibigay Ko ang Lahat_
 by Maricris Garcia
- **country**: Philippines
- **num episodes**: 418
- **location**: Manila, Philippines
- **runtime**: 18–30 minutes
- **channel**: GMA Network
Currying

**Currying** is a technique used in mathematics and computer science that consists of changing a function that takes several arguments into a number of functions that each take one argument. Mathematicians Moses Schönfinkel and Gottlob Frege laid the groundwork for this technique, which is named after Haskell Brooks Curry. Currying is used in Lambda calculus. Some programming languages, such as ML and Haskell say that functions can only have one argument.
Joko Widodo

**Joko Widodo** (born 21 June 1961), also known as **Jokowi**, is an Indonesian politician and former businessperson. He was the 7th President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024.

Jokowi is a member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P). He started his career as Mayor of Surakarta from 28 July 2005 until 1 October 2012. Then, he was Governor of Jakarta from 15 October 2012 until 16 October 2014. Jokowi was re-elected president in the April 2019 presidential election.

Jokowi was born at Brayat Minulya General Hospital in Surakarta, Central Java.  He is a Islam. He has been married to Iriana since 1986. They have three children, including Vice President Gibran Rakabuming Raka. He is also a Heavy metal music fan. He graduated from the Faculty of Forestry at the Gadjah Mada University.

## Other websites

|-

|-

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Joko Widodo
- **image**: Joko Widodo 2019 official portrait.jpg
- **office**: 7th President of Indonesia
- **term start**: 20 October 2014
- **term end**: 20 October 2024
- **vicepresident**: Jusuf Kalla (2014–2019)
Ma'ruf Amin (2019–2024)
- **predecessor**: Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
- **successor**: Prabowo Subianto
- **office1**: 14th Governor of Jakarta
- **term start1**: 15 October 2012
- **term end1**: 16 October 2014
- **deputy1**: Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
- **predecessor1**: Fauzi Bowo
- **successor1**: Basuki Tjahaja Purnama
- **office2**: 15th Mayor of Surakarta
- **term start2**: 28 July 2005
- **term end2**: 1 October 2012
- **deputy2**: F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo
- **predecessor2**: Slamet Suryanto
- **successor2**: F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo
- **birth name**: Mulyono
- **birth place**: Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
- **father**: Widjiatno Notomiharjo
- **mother**: Sujiatmi
- **party**: Independent
- **otherparty**: Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, PDIP (2004–2024)
- **residence**: Bogor Palace
- **alma mater**: Gadjah Mada University
- **signature**: Signature of Joko Widodo.svg
Villa Vizcaya

**Villa Vizcaya**, now named the **Vizcaya Museum and Gardens**, is the former villa and estate of businessman James Deering. The house is on Biscayne Bay in Coconut Grove Miami, Florida. Deering made the Deering McCormick-International Harvester fortune,

The estate is on the National Register of Historic Places, and is a National Historic Landmark.

The estate property was originally 180 acres (730,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of shoreline mangrove swamps and dense inland native tropical forests. Being a conservationist, Deering sited the development of the estate portion along the shore to conserve the forests. The villa was built mostly between 1914 and 1922. The building of the extensive elaborate Italian Renaissance gardens and the village continued into 1923.

The Vizcaya estate includes the gardens, native woodland landscape and a historic village compound. The landscape and architecture were influenced by Veneto and Tuscan Italian Renaissance models and designed in the Mediterranean Revival architecture style, with Baroque elements. Paul Chalfin was the design director.

Miami-Dade County now owns the Vizcaya property, as the **Vizcaya Museum and Gardens**, which is open to the public. 'Villa Vizcaya' is served by the Vizcaya Station of the Miami Metrorail.
Law of noncontradiction

The **law of non-contradiction** is a rule of logic. It states that if something is true, then the opposite of it is false. For example, if an animal is a cat, the same animal cannot be not a cat. Or, stated in logic, if +p, then not -p, +p cannot be -p at the same time and in the same sense. The law was stated as a principle of mathematical logic by Russell and Whitehead in _Principia Mathematica_.

Ravi Zacharias has said most eastern philosophies reject the law of noncontradiction. The law of non-contradiction is found in ancient Indian logic as a rule in the _Shrauta Sutras_, the writing of Pāṇini, and the _Brahma Sutras_ attributed to Vyasa. It was later elaborated on by medieval commentators such as Madhvacharya. The idea of noncontradiction is rejected in some strands of Buddhism.
Dialetheism

**Dialetheism** is the view that some statements can be both true and false at the same time. It is the opposite of the law of noncontradiction (LNC). Because of this dialetheism is completely opposite of what most philosophers call common sense. Graham Priest defines it as believing there can be true contradictions. Priest gives as an example the liar paradox (or liar's paradox). If someone says "everything I say is a lie", then is the statement true or false? In this paradox it can be both.
Diana DeGarmo

**Diana DeGarmo** (born June 16, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter and Broadway actress. She became known in 2004 on _American Idol_. She began a career in musical theater. She played Angelina in _The Young and the Restless_.

DeGarmo was born in Birmingham, Alabama.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Diana DeGarmo
- **image**: Diana DeGarmo with flag.jpg
- **caption**: DeGarmo on a 2005 USO tour
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Diana Nicole DeGarmo
- **birth place**: Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
- **genre**: country music, Country, pop music, pop
- **origin**: Snellville, Georgia, U.S.
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter, actress
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA, Mailboat Records, Mailboat
NKVD prisoner massacres

Before the Axis powers invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Soviets were holding hundreds of thousands of political prisoners in NKVD prisons across their occupied territories in Eastern Europe. Right after the invasion began, the NKVD was ordered to kill or evacuate 140,000 prisoners from Soviet-occupied eastern Poland.

## Events

The order was carried out in chaos. Two-thirds of the said prisoners were killed by the NKVD. Among the prisoners killed by the NKVD, at least 9,800 were reportedly executed in prisons and 1,443 executed during evacuation.

Geographically, 20,000–30,000 of them died in Soviet-occupied eastern Poland, and 9,000 in the Ukrainian SSR, which had just gone through the Holodomor and Great Purge-related massacres in the 1930s. They were targeted for mass murder over their Polish or Ukrainian identity. Many historians classify the NKVD prisoner massacres as crimes against humanity.

Medical students who came across the victim bodies of one of such massacres in Lviv described the scene:

## Academic views

Historian Yury Boshyk wrote:

## Related pages

- Holodomor
- Great Purge
- Genocides by the Soviet Union