juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Alejandra Da Passano

**María Alejandra Ana Da Passano** (26 July 1947 – 30 June 2014), better known as **Alejandra Da Passano**, was an Argentine actress of movies, stage plays and television shows. Her best known roles were in _Mr. President_ (1970), _Malevo_ (1972) and _La madre María_ (1974). She was born in Buenos Aires.

Da Passano died on 30 June 2014 in Buenos Aires, aged 66.
SK Tirfing

**SK Tirfing** is a sports club in Harnäs in Sweden. It was established on 20 January 1923. The club won the Swedish national men's bandy championship in the year of 1930. Between 1931 and 1942 the club played seven seasons in the Swedish top division. The club gave up bandy in 1981. Today only the women's team handball section remains.

## Other websites

- Official website (team handball section)
Ljusdals BK

**Ljusdals BK** is a bandy club in Ljusdal in Sweden. Established in 1943, the club won the Swedish national men's bandy championship in the year of 1975.

## Other websites

- Official website
Sweden women's national bandy team

**Sweden women's national bandy team** () represents Sweden on the women's side in bandy. Sweden has won the world championship several times, including the first women's edition in 2004.
Sweden men's national bandy team

**Sweden men's national bandy team** () represents Sweden on the men's side in bandy. Sweden has won the world championship several times, first time was in 1981.
Stephen Gaskin

**Stephen Gaskin** (February 16, 1935 – July 1, 2014) was an American counterculture hippie icon. He was best known for co-founding "The Farm", a famous spiritual intentional community. He was also known for being in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, California in the 1960s.

Gaskin was born in Denver, Colorado. He was married to Ina May Gaskin. He had five children. He was in the US Marine Corps from 1952 to 1955.

Gaskin died on July 1, 2014 in Summertown, Tennessee. He was 79.

## Other websites

- Stephen Gaskin  at The Farm official website
Umaru Dikko

**Umaru Dikko** (31 December 1936 – 1 July 2014) was a Nigerian politician. He was also the Nigerian Ministry of Transport from 1979 until 1983. He was also an adviser to President Shehu Shagari.

Dikko was born in Zaria, Kaduna State. On 5 July 1984, he played the main role in the Dikko Affair. He was found drugged in a crate at Stansted Airport in the United Kingdom in an apparent kidnapping by Nigerian-Israeli officials.

Dikko died after having many strokes on 1 July 2014 at a hospital in London, England. He was 79.

## Other websites

- Umaru Dikko obituary at _The Daily Telegraph_
Ron Hall (Australian footballer, born 1945)

**Ronald Maxwell** "**Ron**" **Hall** (11 November 1945 – 26 June 2014) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for Scottsdale during the 1960s and 1970s. He represented Tasmania many times. He played for Tasmania at the 1969 Adelaide Carnival. He was added as a member of the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame in 2008.

Hall was born in Scottsdale, Tasmania. After he retired, he still had behind-the-scenes roles at the club.

Hall died from a heart attack on 26 June 2014 in Tasmania. He was 68.

## Other websites

- Ron Hall at The Mecury

## Infobox (afl biography)

- **name**: Ron Hall
- **birth place**: Scottsdale, Tasmania
- **death place**: Tasmania
- **club1**: Scottsdale Football Club, Scottsdale
- **careerhighlights**: *Premierships player - 1964, 1965, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1973
*Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductee - 2008
Anjan Das

**Anjan Das** (13 June 1951 – 2 June 2014) was an Indian movie director. His movies were in the Bengali language. His best known movie was _Faltu_ (2006). He won a National Film Award in the Best Feature Film category.

Das died from colon cancer on 2 June 2014, aged 62. His wife and son outlived him.
Spanking the Monkey

***Spanking the Monkey*** is a 1994 American black comedy movie. It is about incest, masturbation and troublesome relationships.

The movie was a box office success. It won several independent movie awards.
Writer's block

**Writer's block** is when a writer loses the ability to write new material. Some people may not write anything new for years. Writer's block has been a problem through history, but people started paying more attention to it in the 20th century.

Writer's block may have several causes. An author may run out of ideas of what to write about. Pressure to work may lead to the problem. It may also come from intimidation.

There are several forms of writer's block.
Sally Gray

**Constance Vera Browne** (or **Sally Gray**; 14 February 1916 – 24 September 2006) was an English actress during the 1930s and 1940s. She did mostly melodrama movies. She played herself in _Cheer Up_ (1936). She also played Carole in _Dangerous Moonlight_.

Gray was born in London. She died there.
Swag

**Swag** or **SWAG** may refer to:

- _Swag_ (album), an album from 2002 by former Guns N' Roses guitarist, Gilby Clarke
- Swag (bedroll), an Australian bedroll
- Swag (motif), a garland
- _Swag_ (novel), a crime novel from 1976
- _Swag_ (TV series), a British reality television series
- "Swag" (_Ugly Betty_ episode), the eleventh episode of the television series _Ugly Betty_
- Swag, a type of window valance, often in combination with a full curtain underneath
- Swag as slang:
    - Swag, slang from the early 1800s for stolen goods or booty; possibly carried by a swagman
    - Swag, slang from the Scottish slang word "swagger" which was a description of the way some Scots walk (in a swaying motion). The word was altered in the English language to mean "the way one presents oneself".
- Swag, promotional items given away at trade fairs and events
- _The Swag_, a magazine published quarterly for Catholic priests and deacons of Australia
- Swaging, a process in which the dimensions of an item are altered using a die.
- SWAG, Sourceware Archive Group, a free collection of classified source code and sample programs written in Pascal.
- SWAG, music of the musical group Bonde da Stronda
- SWAG, Special Warfare Group, an elite unit of the Naval Special Warfare Group of the Philippine Navy
- Scientific Wild-Ass Guess, slang for a rough estimate based on expert experience
Trailways

**Trailways Transportation System**, or **Trailways**, is an American group of bus companies. It is headquartered in Fairfax, Virginia.

The predecessor to Trailways was founded on February 5, 1936 by Burlington Transportation Company, Santa Fe Trails Transportation Company and other travel companies. Its closest competition is Greyhound Lines.

Trailways members are spread across North America. They provide bus tours, charter bus service and route scheduling services.
Vera-Ellen

**Vera-Ellen** (February 16, 1921 – August 30, 1981) was an American actress and dancer. She danced with Fred Astaire, Danny Kaye, Gene Kelly and several others. She played Princess Maria in the movie _Call Me Madam_. She also played Judy Haynes in the movie _White Christmas_.

She was born in Norwood, Ohio, a suburb of Cincinnati. She died from cancer at age sixty.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Vera-Ellen
- **image**: Vera-Ellen.JPG
- **birth name**: Vera Ellen Westmeier Rohe
- **birth place**: Norwood, Ohio, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress, dancer
- **years active**: 1937–59
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Robert Hightower (1941–46)
 Victor Rothschild (1954–66)
Moses Gunn

**Moses Gunn** (October 2, 1929 – December 16, 1993) was an American actor. He co-founded the Negro Ensemble Company in the 1960s. He was known mostly for Broadway stage plays.

Gunn was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He died from asthma at sixty-four.
Gourdon, Lot

**Gourdon** () is a commune in southern France in the region of Occitanie. It is the _sous-prefecture_ (capital) of the _arrondissement_ and _canton_ of the same name in the Lot department.

The town is on a hill, like an acropolis; from here, it is possible to see for about  the landscape of the surrounding region.

## Geography

Gourdon is the capital of the Bouriane (a sandy natural region of southwestern France) which is part of the Quercy and that goes up to the Dordogne river and that is next to the Périgord, which is a natural region and old province of France.

The town is in the middle of the _commune_, above the right side of the Bléou, a stream tributary of the Céou river, which forms most of the commune's southern border.

The _commune_ has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The _commune_ is at  of Cahors and is surrounded by the _communes_ Payrignac, Anglars-Nozac, Le Vigan, Saint-Cirq-Souillaguet, Saint-Clair, Concorès, Dégagnac and Léobard.

### Climate

The climate of Gourdon, in the Köppen climate classification, is **Cfb** - Oceanic climate with template summers.

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Gourdon is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of . There are an average of 168.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in January with 17.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in July with 10.0 days.

The average temperature for the year in Gourdon is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

## Population

The inhabitants of Gourdon are known, in French, as _Gourdonnais_ (women: _Gourdonnaises_).

With a population of 4,297, Gourdon has a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

**Evolution of the population in Gourdon**

## Sister cities

Gourdon is twinned with:
- Ibbenbüren, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

## Related pages

- Arrondissement of Gourdon
- Communes of the Lot department

## Other websites

- City Council website
- Pays de Gourdon tourist office
- Städtepartnerschaft - Jumelage Ibbenbüren - Gourdon

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Gourdon
- **image coat of arms**: Blason ville fr Gourdon (Lot).svg
- **image**: St Pierre de Gourdon (Lot) Gourdon vers le sud.jpg
- **caption**: The city and the St Peter church
- **arrondissement**: Gourdon
- **canton**: Gourdon
- **intercommunality**: Quercy-Bouriane
- **mayor**: Marie-Odile Delcamp
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **elevation m**: 227
- **elevation min m**: 130
- **elevation max m**: 323
- **area km2**: 45.52
- **population demonym**: Gourdonnais
- **population**: 4297
- **population date**: 2014
- **insee**: 46127
- **postal code**: 46300
- **website**: [http://www.gourdon.fr/ www.gourdon.fr]
Jim Brosnan

**James Patrick** "**Jim**" **Brosnan** (October 24, 1929 – June 28, 2014) was an American baseball and writer. He played Major League Baseball from 1954 and 1956 through 1963. He was a pitcher for the Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Reds and Chicago White Sox.

Brosnan was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was born on Black Thursday, the beginning stage of the stock market crash.

Brosnan died on June 28, 2014 in Morton Grove, Illinois, aged 84.
Emilio Álvarez Montalván

**Emilio Álvarez Montalván** (31 July 1919 – 2 July 2014) was a Nicaraguan diplomat and politician. He served as the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Nicaragua from 1996 until 2001. He was an ophthalmologist, medical doctor and writer.

Álvarez was born in Managua. He was married to Carmen Guerra. They had six children.

Álvarez died from a heart attack on 2 July 2014, aged 94.
Elitettan

**Elitettan** is the second highest division of women's soccer in Sweden. It was created in 2013. The season runs from April to October.

## Infobox (football league)

- **name**: Elitettan
- **country**: Sweden
- **confed**: UEFA (Europe)
- **founded**: 2013
- **teams**: 14
- **champions**: Växjö DFF (2022)
- **promotion**: Damallsvenskan
- **relegation**: Swedish Women's Football Division 1, Division 1
- **levels**: 2
- **domest cup**: Svenska Cupen (women), Svenska Cupen
- **season**: 2017
- **current**: 2023 Elitettan
Errie Ball

**Samuel Henry** "**Errie**" **Ball** (November 14, 1910 – July 2, 2014) was a Welsh-American professional golfer. He played at the first Augusta National golf tournament in 1934 (now known as the Masters Tournament). He was the last living person to play in the first Masters. He was an active golfer between the 1930s and the 1970s.

Ball was born in Bangor, Gwynedd, north west Wales. During his 20s, he moved to the United States, under the request from his uncle. He turned 100 in November 2010. He was married to Maxie for 78 years until his death. Maxie was 99 when Ball died. They had a daughter named Leslie.

Ball died from natural causes on July 2, 2014 in Stuart, Florida, aged 103. His wife and their daughter outlived him.

## Other websites

- Erri Ball  at the Illinois Golf Hall of Fame

## Infobox (golfer)

- **name**: Errie Ball
- **fullname**: Samuel Henry Ball
- **birth place**: Bangor, Wales
- **death place**: Stuart, Florida, United States
- **nationality**: Wales
USA
- **spouse**: Maxwell "Maxie" Wright
- **status**: Professional
- **prowins**: 12
- **masters**: T38: 1934
- **usopen**: T22: 1956
- **open**: T23: 1936
- **pga**: T9: 1948
- **award1**: PGA Hall of Fame
- **year1**: 2011
- **award2**: Illinois Golf Hall of Fame
- **year2**: 1990
Compliance (medicine)

In medicine, **compliance** or **adherence **refers to the fact that a patient follows the advice of the doctor, and takes the prescribed drugs in the quantities prescribed. Compliance is important for the treatment of chronic diseases.

Worldwide, non-compliance is a major obstacle to the effective delivery of health care. In 2003,   the World Health Organization estimated that only about half the patients with chronic diseases living in developed countries follow treatment recommendations. In particular, low rates of adherence to therapies for asthma, diabetes, and hypertension are thought to contribute substantially to the human and economic burden of those conditions. Compliance rates may be overestimated in the medical literature, as compliance is often high in the setting of a formal clinical trial but drops off in a "real-world" setting.

Some drugs are difficult to take, because they must be taken at a specific time or interval; sometimes, several drugs must be taken together. This is seen as a major obstacle to compliance.  Other factors that may adversely influence compliance are that many patients do not understand the benefits of being treated, or they see side-effects that they were not told about, the drugs costing a lot of money, poor communication or lack of trust between the patient and their health-care provider. Efforts to improve compliance have been aimed at simplifying drug packaging, providing effective medication reminders, improving patient education, and limiting the number of medications prescribed at the same time.
Jean Garon

**Jean Garon** (May 6, 1938 – July 1, 2014) was a Canadian politician, lawyer, academic and economist. He was a member of the Parti Québécois. He was Minister of Agriculture and Education, Quebec MNA from 1976 until 1985. He was also Mayor of Lévis from 1998 until 2005.

Garon was born in Saint-Michel, Quebec. He graduated from Université Laval in 1960.

Garon died on July 1, 2014 in Quebec City, aged 76.

## Other websites

- Jean Garon at the National Assembly of Quebec <small></small>
Furusjö

**Furusjö** is a settlement in Habo Municipality, in the county of Jönköping in Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Furusjö
- **image skyline**: Furusjö - Strandvägen.jpg
- **image caption**: Furusjö in July 2011
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Habo Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Jönköping County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Västergötland
- **area total km2**: 0.49
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 325
- **population density km2**: 664
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Skelleftehamn

**Skelleftehamn** is a settlement in Skellefteå Municipality, in the county of Västerbotten in Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Skelleftehamn
- **image skyline**: Skelleftehamn.jpg
- **image caption**: Skelleftehamn in 1935
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **pushpin label position**: top
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Skellefteå Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Västerbotten County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Västerbotten
- **area total km2**: 4.01
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 3,184
- **population density km2**: 794
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Andy Schleck

**Andy Raymond Schleck** (born 10 June 1985) is a road cyclist who was the winner of the Tour de France in 2010.
Dagen

**Dagen** is a Christian daily newspaper in Sweden. The first issue was published on 1 November 1945. Lewi Pethrus, leader of the pentecostal movement in Sweden was its founder and its chief editor until his death in 1974.

## Circulation

As of 2017, Statista estimates its current circulation to be in 15,700.

## Other website

- Official website
Elida

**Elida** is a Swedish all-Christian organisation, working with the motto "Sailing for Jesus" with the goal of spreading the message about Christianity via a sailing boat using the same name. The boat is berthed in Gothenburg, Sweden.

## Other websites

- Elida
Bibeltemplet

**Bibeltemplet** the (Bible temple) is a Christian website in Sweden. Its administrator Leif Liljeström was sentenced to prison for two months in April 2005 for expressing critical views on homosexuality. The case was appealed twice, and in November 2007 the Supreme Court of Sweden acquitted him.

## Other websites

- Bibeltemplet website
Supreme Court of Sweden

The **Supreme Court of Sweden** (, abbreviated _HD_)  is the highest lawcourt of Sweden. It is the third and final instance in all civil and criminal cases in Sweden.

All judicial authority had previously been held by the monarch, but in 1614 Gustavus Adolphus established the Svea Court of Appeal and gave it the authority to impose punishments in his name. The Justice Department of the Privy Council (in Swedish: Justitierevisionen), a committee of that council, handled appeals, and those who were dissatisfied with sentencing might appeal directly to the monarch.

The Union and Security Act, which was added to the 1772 instrument of governance by the Riksdag of the estates, led to the suspension of the noble Privy Council in 1789 during the reign of King Gustav III. On May 15, the King established the King's Supreme Court (Swedish: Konungens högsta domstol) to address legal issues following the dissolution of the Riksdag. Twelve judges were present for

## Other websites

- Official website
Government of Sweden

The **Government of Sweden** () is the national cabinet and highest executive authority in Sweden.

## Other websites

- Government of Sweden - Official site
Rosenbad

**Rosenbad** is a government building in central Stockholm in Sweden, precinct of Norrmalm. The building is owned by the state of Sweden, and is the seat of the Swedish government.
Glaucophyte

The **glaucophytes** are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae. Together with the red algae (Rhodophyta)  and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida), they form the Archaeplastida.

The glaucophytes are of interest because they may be similar to the original algal type that led to green plants and red algae. The relationships between these groups are not yet clear, and the glaucophytes in particular need more study.

## Characteristics

The chloroplasts of glaucophytes are known as 'cyanelles'. Unlike the chloroplasts in other organisms, they have a peptidoglycan layer, like bacterial cell walls. This is thought to be a relic of the endosymbiotic origin of plastids from cyanobacteria.

Glaucophytes have the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a. They harvest light with the same type of pigment molecules as do cyanobacteria and red algae. Green algae and land plants have lost that pigment, which is known as phycobiliprotein.

Glaucophyte mitochondria and flagella (if present) are  similar to forms found in some green algae.

## Classification

Only 13 species of glaucophytes are known, none of which is particularly common in nature. There are three genera.

The glaucophytes were previously placed in the order Chlorococcales.
Black Lake (Louisiana)

**Black Lake** is a reservoir located between Creston and Campti in North Louisiana. Water feeds into Black Lake from Black Lake Bayou, a watershed that extends from north of Gibsland in Bienville Parish and south to Clarence in Natchitoches Parish through the parishes of Claiborne, Webster, Bienville, Red River and Natchitoches. The elevation of the lake is . Louisiana Highway 9 runs across Black Lake. On the west side of Highway 9 the body of water is called Black Lake — the east is called Clear Lake or Clear Lake Bayou. The Clear Lake side is near another body of water: Saline Lake. Between Clear Lake and Saline Lake is the Alan Chiverly Dam, constructed in 1934. Road 1226 also extends between the lakes.

Residents about Black Lake use the Campti and Clarence ZIP Codes, 71411 and 71414, respectively. They are zoned to Lakeview Junior/Senior High School. There are boat launches and campgrounds for fishing and boating. Bell's Camp, founded in 1936 by the late Albert and Eva Bell, is still operated by their daughter, Joy Bell Wimberly (born 1924). Nearby is a catfish and steak restaurant known as Sea and Sirloin, which opened in 1983.

## Landscape

Black Lake is wide in some places such as at the Hwy 9 bridge and tight in other places because of the growth of cypress trees. There are channels cut into the lake that allow clearance for boats. Boats stay in the channels or risk grounding the bottom of the boat on tree stumps. The aquatic vegetation such as moss, seaweed and algae are visible at surface level.

## Cities

|City|State|
| --- | --- |
|Ashland|Louisiana|
|Campti|Louisiana|
|Clarence|Louisiana|
|Creston|Louisiana|
|Fairview Alpha|Louisiana|
|Goldonna|Louisiana|

## Geography

The latitude and longitude coordinates for Black Lake are 31.9574, -93.0466 and the altitude is 102 feet (31 m).

## Infobox (lake)

- **lake name**: Black Lake
- **image lake**: Revised cypress trees in Black Lake IMG_2072.JPG
- **caption lake**: <span style="font-size:100%;">Cypress trees dominate the waters of the lake.</span>
- **location**: Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana,
United States
- **lake type**: reservoir
- **inflow**: Black Lake Bayou
- **outflow**: Red River (Mississippi watershed), Red River
- **basin countries**: United States
- **area**: about
- **cities**: Ashland, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, Ashland, Campti, Louisiana, Campti, Clarence, Louisiana, Clarence, Creston, Louisiana, Creston, and Goldonna, Louisiana, Goldonna
Eastwood, Louisiana

**Eastwood** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Bossier Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Red Chute, Louisiana

**Redchute** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bossier Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Denham Springs, Louisiana

**Denham Springs** is a city in Livingston Parish, Louisiana, United States.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Denham Springs, Louisiana
- **official name**: City of Denham Springs
- **native name lang**: en
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities in Louisiana, City
- **image caption**: From top, left to right: Old Denham Springs City Hall, Old Brown Hotel, Denham Springs High School
- **image seal**: File:Denhamsprings-seal.png
- **nickname**: Denham
- **map caption**: Interactive map of Denham Springs
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision type2**: Parish
- **subdivision name2**: Livingston Parish, Louisiana, Livingston
- **established title**: Founded
- **named for**: Local spring and William Denham
- **government type**: Mayor-council Government
- **governing body**: Denham Springs City Council
- **leader party**: Republican Party (United States), R
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Gerard Landry
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 19.05
- **area total sq mi**: 7.35
- **area land km2**: 18.89
- **area land sq mi**: 7.29
- **area water km2**: 0.16
- **area water sq mi**: 0.06
- **elevation m**: 13
- **elevation ft**: 43
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 9286
- **population density km2**: 491.64
- **population density sq mi**: 1273.28
- **population demonym**: Denhamite
- **timezone1**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset1**: -6
- **timezone1 dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset1 dst**: -5
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 70726
- **area codes**: Area code 225, 225
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 22-20435
- **blank2 name sec2**: Wikimedia Commons
Extradition

**Extradition** is how someone who has committed a crime, or is suspected to have committed a crime, is handed from one  jurisdiction to another. Usually, the country that wants the person makes a formal request to the other. Under international law, there is no obligation to extradite a person. There is a web of treaties, which state under what conditions extradition is possible.

In general:
- The offense for which the person is sought must be punishable in both countries, usually it must also carry a minimum sentence.
- The person extradited has the right to get a fair trial.
- The trial must not be political in nature.
- Many countries refuse extradition if there is the possibility of the death penalty being imposed, or of torture.
- Many countries refuse to extradite their own nationals

People who move to a different location to escape legal charges are called fugitives.

## Examples

In 2019 protestors in Hong Kong demonstrated against a new extradition law proposed by the government of mainland China.
Newsboys

**Newsboys** is a Christian rock, pop, and worship band that started in Australia in 1985. Since then, the band has released 21 studio albums and received numerous awards. The current lead singer, Michael Tait, was once a part of the hit Christian rock/rap 90's band DC Talk.

## History

The band started with Peter Furler, George Perdikis, John James, Sean Taylor, and Corey Pryor as "The News," which was later changed due to conflicts with a band by a similar name.

### Studio albums

|Year|Title|Lead Singer(s)|Record label|Label(s)|Peak Position (Billboard 200)|Status||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="center"|1987|align="center"|_He's Coming Back_|align="center"|John James|align="center"|Independent|align="center"||align="center"||
|align="center"|1988|align="center"|_Read All About It_|align="center"|John James|align="center"|Refuge Records|align="center"||align="center"||
|align="center"|1990|align="center"|_Hell Is For Wimps_|align="center"|John James|align="center"|Star Song Communications|align="center"||align="center"||
|align="center"|1991|align="center"|_Boys Will Be Boyz_|align="center"|John James|align="center"|Star Song Communications|align="center"||align="center"||
|align="center"|1992|align="center"|_Not Ashamed_|align="center"|John James and Peter Furler|align="center"|Star Song Communications|align="center"||align="center"||
|align="center"|1994|align="center"|_Going Public_|align="center"|John James and Peter Furler|align="center"|Star Song Communications|align="center"||align="center"|RIAA: Gold|

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Newsboys
- **image**: Newsboys 2009.jpg
- **caption**: Newsboys in March 2009.
- **alt**: Newsboys on stage for curtain call. From L. to R. Jody Davis, Michael Tait, Duncan Phillips, and Jeff Frankenstein.
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia
- **genre**: Christian pop, pop rock, Contemporary Christian music, CCM, Christian rock
- **years active**: 1985–present
- **label**: Refuge, Star Song, Virgin Records, Virgin, Sparrow, Inpop
- **current members**: * Jody Davis
* Duncan Phillips
* Jeff Frankenstein
* Michael Tait
- **past members**: * Peter Furler
* John James
* George Perdikis
* Sean Taylor
* Phil Yates
* Corey Pryor
* Jonathan Geange
* Vernon Bishop
* Kevin Mills
* Phil Joel
* Bryan Olesen
* Paul Colman
Hurricane Arthur

**Hurricane Arthur** was a 2014 tropical cyclone. The hurricane developed on July 1 not far off the eastern coast of Florida. Arthur became a hurricane early on July 3.

The storm was expected to either just miss or hit the Cape Hatteras and Outer Banks area of North Carolina. Hurricane or tropical storm notices were in effect for areas between northeastern South Carolina and Nova Scotia in southeast Canada.

## Infobox (hurricane)

- **name**: Hurricane Arthur
- **type**: hurricane
- **year**: 2014
- **basin**: Atl
- **image location**: Arthur Jul 3 2014 1615Z.jpg
- **image name**: Hurricane Arthur south of North Carolina on July 3
- **formed**: July 1, 2014
- **dissipated**: July 9, 2014
- **extratropical**: July 5
- **1-min winds**: 85
- **pressure**: 973
- **damagespre**: At least
- **damages**: 22.7
- **fatalities**: 1 indirect
- **hurricane season**: 2014 Atlantic hurricane season
The Clark Family Experience

**The Clark Family Experience** is an American country music group formed in 2000.

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _The Clark Family Experience_ (2000)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **landscape**: Yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Viriginia Beach, Virginia, U.S.
- **genre**: Electronic, Ambient, drone, dub, EDM, IDM, hip hop, new-age, new wave, noise, EBM, neo soul, psychedelia, synth-pop, alternative pop, synthedelia
- **years active**: 2000-2002
- **label**: Curb Records
- **associated acts**: Tim McGraw
- **current members**: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- **instrument**: Bass, drums, guitar, brass instrument, sampler, keyboard Drum machine, electronic drums, synthesizer, electric guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, rapping, sampler, robotic voice effects, vocoder, talkbox, singing
Chad Brown (poker player)

**Chad Lewis Brown** (August 13, 1961 – July 2, 2014) was an American actor, poker player and color commentator. He was sponsored by PokerStars. He co-hosted the NBC television series _Caesars Challenge_ during the early 1990s.

Brown was born Manhattan, New York City and was raised in the Bronx. He lived in the Los Angeles, California. He married French-American poker player Vanessa Rousso. They separated in early 2012.

In February 2011, Rousso reported on her Twitter account that Brown had a ten-pound malignant tumor removed from his abdomen. This was a rare form of sarcoma called liposarcoma. He died from liposarcoma on July 2, 2014 in New York City, aged 52.
Louis Zamperini

**Louis Silvie Zamperini** (January 26, 1917 – July 2, 2014) was an American World War II prisoner of war survivor, motivational speaker and track and field athlete.

## Biography

Zamperini was a long-distance runner at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. During World War II, Zamperini was a soldier on a bomber airplane in the Pacific War. After the plane crashed, he and 2 crewmates survived 47 days in a lifeboat in shark infested water before being captured by the Japanese army. After the war, he became a motivational speaker.

In 2010, Laura Hillenbrand published Zamperini's biography _Unbroken: A World War II Story of Survival, Resilience, and Redemption_, which became a bestseller. In 2014, actress Angelina Jolie directed the movie _Unbroken_, based on the biography. The movie was released on December 25, 2014.

In May 2014, he was chosen to be the 2015 Rose Parade grand marshal.

## Personal life

Zamperini was born in Olean, New York, to Italian immigrant parents. He and his family moved to Torrance, California, at a young age. He did not speak English until school and was bullied because of this. He was married to Cynthia Applewhite from 1946 until her death in 2001. They had two children, Luke and Cynthia.

Zamperini died from pneumonia on July 2, 2014 in Los Angeles, California. He was 97.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Louis Zamperini
- **image**: Louis Zamperini (U.S. Army Air Forces).jpg
- **caption**: Zamperini in
- **birthname**: Louis Silvie Zamperini
- **birth place**: Olean, New York, Olean, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **other names**: Louie Zamperini
- **children**: 2
- **years active**: 1930s–2014
Zalman Schachter-Shalomi

**Zalman M. Schachter-Shalomi** (August 17, 1924 – July 3, 2014), also known as **Reb Zalman**, was an American rabbi and educator. He was one of the founders of the Jewish Renewal movement. He was committed to the Gaia hypothesis, to feminism, and to LGBT people within Judaism.

Schachter-Shalomi was born in Zhovkva, Poland (now Ukraine) and raised in Vienna, Austria. He and his family fled the rising power of Nazi Germany for the United States in 1941. He was married to Eve Ilsen.

Schachter-Shalomi died after a long illness on July 3, 2014 in Boulder, Colorado. He was 89.

## Other websites

- Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi at ALEPH
- Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi at the Yesod Foundation
Battle of Bull Run

**Battle of Bull Run** might refer to the following battles of the American Civil War:

- First Battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861
- Second Battle of Bull Run, August 28 to August 30, 1862
Unikont

**Unikonts** are one of the five superkingdoms in the classification of eukaryotes. They are part of the taxonomy system of Thomas Cavalier-Smith.

The term is no longer used. It is replaced by the term **Amorphea**.

## Clade

The group is claimed to be a clade. It includes eukaryotic cells that:
- have a single flagellum, or
- are amoebae with no flagella.
The unikonts include opisthokonts (animals, fungi, and related forms) and Amoebozoa. By contrast other well-known eukaryotic groups are often referred to as bikonts.  Bikonts include Archaeplastida (plants and relatives), Excavata, Rhizaria, and Chromalveolata. These groups may have two flagella (although there are many exceptions).

## Characteristics

The unikonts have a triple-gene fusion that is lacking in the bikonts.  The three genes code for enzymes which make pyrimidine nucleotides. This must have involved a double gene fusion, a rare pair of events, which supports the shared ancestry of Opisthokonta and Amoebozoa.
Giovanni Colmo

**Giovanni Colmo** (1867 – 1947) was an Italian painter. He was born on May 13, 1867 in Turin, He died on April 24, 1947 in Turin.

## Biography

Self-taught his style of painting comes from the frequentation of the masters of the time: Lorenzo Delleani and Andrea Tavernier.

His painting is related to the "Piemontese Landscaping" of the nineteenth century
.

The artist has produced over 5,000 works.

## Works in museums

- Museo d'arte of Avellino with _Alberi intrecciati_ (1905-15).
- Pinacoteca Civica of Garessio (CN).

## Related pages

- List of Italian painters

## Bibliography

- (IT) **BODDA Orlando** (1970), _Mostra postuma di Giovanni Colmo_, Galleria  Bodda, Torino 1970, pp. 38.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (1994), “Giovanni Colmo”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XI (1993/1994)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 1994, pp. 146–148.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (2002), “Giovanni Colmo”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XIX (2001/2002)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 2002, pp. 234–235.

## Other websites

- http://www.galleriaberman.it/data/content/IT/giovanni-colmo.html  biographical notes in Italian
Salvatore Petruolo

**Salvatore Petruolo** was an Italian painter. He was born on January 4, 1857 in Catanzaro, He died on 1946 in Naples, Italy.

Petruolo was a pupil of Gabriele Smargiassi at the Institute of Fine Arts in Naples. He is famous for his coastal landscapes, near Naples and very rare landscapes of Calabria. His landscapes from 1875 to 1898 show the style of the School of Posillipo with influences of Edoardo Dalbono. After 1898, his painting style became more personal and distinctive, with a symbolist influence.

He was popular with English and American visitors to Naples. His studio was visited by people including Empress Frederick, the Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh, the Prince of Battenberg, Princess Louise, sister of King Edward of England. In 1889, he stayed with Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh at Malta for three months. He went on a painting trip to Spain visiting Granada, Seville, Cordoba and Zaragoza. He showed the works from this trip in an exhibition at Clarence House in London.

## Works in museums

- Museo d'arte of Avellino (Italy) with _Paesaggio innevato_ (1874)
- Museo nazionale di Capodimonte of Napoli (Italy) with _Marina di Sorrento_ (1884).
- Pinacoteca "Enrico Giannelli" of Parabita  (LE) (Italy) .
- Pinacoteca Civica "Giuseppe De Nittis" of Barletta (Italy) with _Pini_ (1908).

## Bibliography

- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (1994), “Salvatore Petruolo”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XI (1993/1994)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 1994, pp. 362–363.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (2002), “Salvatore Petruolo”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XIX (2001/2002)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 2002, pp. 234–235.
- (IT) **RICCI Paolo** (1981), “Salvatore Petruolo”, in IDEM _Arte ed artisti a Napoli, 1800-1943_, Edizioni Banco di Napoli, Napoli 1981, pag. 109.
- (IT) ** SCIOLI Tonino - VALENTE Isabella** (1997), “Salvatore Petruolo”, in IDEM _L'animo e lo sguardo. Pittori calabresi dell'Ottocento di scuola napoletana_, Editoriale progetto 2000, Cosenza 1997, pag. 113.

## Other websites

- http://www.istitutomatteucci.it/dizionario-degli-artisti/petruolo-salvatore Information in Italian
Raffaele Tafuri

**Raffaele Tafuri** (January 27, 1857 – 1929) was an Italian painter. He was born in Salerno and died in Salerno

He completed his early studies in the family, then moved to Naples at the Institute of Fine Arts, in the city of Naples attended the study of sculptor Stanislao Lista.
He is famous for his coastal landscapes.

He participated in the first _Biennale of Art_ in Venice in 1895 and in the editions of 1907, 1909, 1910, 1914.

## Works in museums

- Collezione d'arte della SBAPPSAE of Salerno (Italy) with on deposit: _Caffè Florian di Venezia_ (1910).
- Museo d'arte of Avellino (Italy) with _Scorcio Lacustre_ (1898), _Campanile_ (1900), _Baite_ (1905), _Angolo di Pedavena_ (1910) e _Tetti_ (1929).
- Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci of Milano (Italy) Section Art Collection, with _Ragazze al sole_ (1887).
- Pinacoteca Provinciale of Salerno (Italy) with: _Le spannocchiatrici_ and _Masaniello_.

## Bibliography

- (IT) **BONATTI Cecilia** (1975), “Raffaele Tafuri”, in MONTEVERDI Mario _Storia della pittura italiana dell'Ottocento_, Bramante Editrice, Milano 1975, vol.3, pag. 282.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (1994), “Raffaele Tafuri”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XI (1993/1994)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 1994, pag. 452.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (2002), “Raffaele Tafuri”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XIX (2001/2002)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 2002, pag. 736.
- (IT) **ORGA Stefano** (2017),_Raffaele Tafuri (1857-1929). Il grande pittore salernitano dell'Ottocento_, Omicron, Napoli 2017, pp. 88. SBN:IT\ICCU\NAP\0794626.
- (IT) **ORGA Stefano** (2019),_Raffaele Tafuri protagonista della pittura italianatra Ottocento e Novecento_, Omicron, Napoli 2019, pp. 26. SBN:IT\ICCU\CAM\0233388.

## Other websites

- http://www.istitutomatteucci.it/dizionario-degli-artisti/tafuri-raffaele Information (in Italian)
Opisthokont

**Opisthokonts** are a superkingdom of the Eukaryota. This group has both the animals and the fungi, as well as all the living things closely related to each of them. It is a group of unikonts.

There are many classifications of the eukaryotes which are being talked about. Each of them divides the domain Eukaryota into five groups, but there is disagreement on the details.

The Opisthokonta is thought to be a monophyletic clade, meaning all of its members came from one ancestor. Therefore, it is superior to the Unikonta as a taxonomic term.
Vincenzo Irolli

**Vincenzo Irolli** (30 September 1860 – 27 November 1949) was an Italian painter. He was born and died in Naples.

## Biography

Trained at the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples, Irolli followed the style of Domenico Morelli, characterized by a vibrant use of color. Pursued its production resented the style of Antonio Mancini portraying subjects in the Neapolitan folklore.

His talent easy, flashy, brought him great success with the public.
The artist has produced over 5,000 works.

He participated in the _Biennale of Art_ in Venice in 1922 and in 1924.

## Related pages

- List of Italian painters

## Bibliography

- (IT) **FIORIO Maria Teresa** (1975), “Vncenzo Irolli”, in MONTEVERDI Mario _Storia della pittura italiana dell'Ottocento_, Bramante Editrice, Milano 1975, vol.3, pag. 242.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (1994), “Vincenzo Irolli”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XI (1993/1994)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 1994, pp. 260–264.
- (IT) **MARINI Giuseppe Luigi** (2002), “Vincenzo Irolli”, in IDEM _Il valore dei dipinti italiani dell'Ottocento e del primo novecento, edizione XIX (2001/2002)_, Umberto Allemandi & C., Torino 2002, pp. 438–440.
- (IT) **RICCI Paolo** (1981), “Vincenzo Irolli”, in IDEM _Arte ed artisti a Napoli, 1800-1943_, Edizioni Banco di Napoli, Napoli 1981, pp. 90–91.

## Other websites

- biographical notes from Treccani   biographical notes from Treccani
- biography of Irolli
Giorgio Faletti

**Giorgio Faletti** (25 November 1950 – 4 July 2014) was an Italian writer, actor, comedian and singer-songwriter. His books have been translated into 25 languages. They have also been published with great success in Europe, South America, China, Japan, Russia and the United States.

Faletti was born in Asti, Piedmont. He lived on Elba Island. He was a fan of the football team Juventus.

Faletti died from lung cancer on 4 July 2014 in Turin, aged 63.

## Other websites

- <small></small>
Budapest (George Ezra song)

**"Budapest"** is a song by English singer-songwriter George Ezra. It is from his 2014 debut studio album, _"Wanted on Voyage"_. It was released as the album's second single in Italy on 13 December 2013 and in the UK on 13 June 2014.

The song was co-written by Ezra and Joel Pott and was produced by Cam Blackwood.

The single became a hit in the United States. It debuted at number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100 in February 2015, and peaked at number 32 in May of the same year.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Budapest
- **type**: Single
- **artist**: George Ezra
- **album**: Wanted on Voyage
- **b-side**: "Angry Hill"
- **recorded**: 2013
- **length**: 3:21
- **writer**: George Ezra
Joel Pott
- **producer**: Cam Blackwood
- **prev title**: Did You Hear the Rain?
- **prev year**: 2013
- **next title**: Cassy O'
- **next year**: 2014
A Sky Full of Stars

**"A Sky Full of Stars"** is an EDM song written by the British rock band Coldplay featuring Swedish DJ Avicii in 2014.
The song is the band's first EDM track from their sixth studio album _Ghost Stories_ (2014). The song is centered around the piano, with electronic music coming in between verses. It also appears in _Sing 2_, sung by Johnny the Gorilla. The song was released as the second single on 2 May 2014.

## Composition

"A Sky Full of Stars" marks the band's first dance track, being outlined as an EDM track with house influences. A piano-centric song which is written in the key of F major, the track opens as a piano ballad, with progressive house-influenced electronic music that plays out in between verses. The song follows a chord progression of Dm<small>7</small>–B<small>maj9</small>–F–Am<small>7</small> with a tempo of 125 beats per minute, and the vocals span from G<sub>3</sub> to F<sub>5</sub>. The track has been described as "[falling] in line with the synth-heavy soundscapes of 'Midnight', but with more danceable flavor". The song's repeating chord sequence and varied melody was inspired by the work of American pop singer Katy Perry and Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" (1991).

## Reception

Most critics enjoyed the song and gave it positive reviews. The song reached #1 on the charts in the United States, Portugal, Luxembourg, Italy, Israel and Belgium. One day after it's release on ITunes, it had sold 121,690 copies worldwide. The song was also Coldplay's third top ten hit on the Billboard Hot 100. It was played in the 2020 Democratic Convention in honor of Joe Biden's son, Beau Biden.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: A Sky Full of Stars
- **border**: yes
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Coldplay
- **album**: Ghost Stories
- **recorded**: 2013–2014
- **studio**: The Bakery (recording studio), The Bakery and The Beehive (London, England)
- **prev title**: Magic (Coldplay song), Magic
- **prev year**: 2014
- **next title**: True Love (Coldplay song), True Love
- **next year**: 2014
Samudaya sacca

**Samudaya sacca** is the second of the four noble truths in Buddhism. It is about the origins of dukkha (suffering).

## Etymology

_Samudaya_ has many meanings, but it usually means "origin" or "source." _Sacca_ means "truth" or "reality." So because of this, _Samudaya sacca_ means "truth of the origin of suffering."

## Within the four noble truths

According to the Four Noble Truths, the origin (_Samudaya_) of suffering (_sacca_) is from cravings taught by ignorance. The craving is shown in three ways:

- Craving for objects that give pleasurable feelings, or craving for sensory pleasures.
- Craving to dominate others.
- Craving to be away from the world because of painful feelings.