juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Prince François, Count of Clermont

**Prince François of Orléans, Count of Clermont** (born **François Henri Louis Marie**; 7 February 1961 – 31 December 2017) was the eldest son of Orleanist pretender to the French throne, Prince Henri, Count of Paris, Duke of France and his former wife Duchess Marie Therese of Württemberg.

His mother suffered from toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, resulting in Prince François being mentally disabled, as is his younger sister, Princess Blanche. Because of his illness, his father named his second son, Prince Jean, Duke of Vendôme, as Dauphin of France (his heir).

On 31 December 2017, Prince Jean reported that Francis had died in France at the age of 56.
Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)

**Henri d'Orléans, Count of Paris, Duke of France** (_Henri Philippe Pierre Marie d'Orléans_; 14 June 1933 – 21 January 2019), was head of the House of Orléans. He was one of the pretenders to the defunct French crown as **Henry VII**.

Henri was a descendant in the male-line of France's "Citizen-King" Louis-Philippe d'Orléans (ruled 1830–1848), he was also recognized as the legitimate claimant to the throne by those French royalists, called Unionists, who call him as the rightful heir of Henri de Bourbon, Count of Chambord, the last patrilineal descendant of King Louis XV.

Henri of Orléans was a military officer as well as an author and painter.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Henri d'Orléans
- **birth place**: Woluwe-Saint-Pierre, Belgium
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **image**: Henri d'Orléans, comte de Paris, à Poissy, le 27 avril 2014.jpg
- **succession**: Orl%C3%A9anist#List_of_Orl.C3.A9anist_claimants_to_the_French_throne_since_1848, Orléanist pretender to the French throne
- **reign**: 19 June 1999 – 21 January 2019
- **reign-type**: Pretence
- **predecessor**: Henri, Count of Paris (1908-1999), Henri, Count of Paris
- **successor**: Prince Jean, Duke of Vendôme
- **regnal name**: Henry VII
- **title**: Count of Paris, Duke of France
- **house**: House of Orléans, Orléans
- **father**: Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999), Henri, Count of Paris
- **mother**: Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza
- **spouse**:

- **issue**: Princess Marie of Liechtenstein (b. 1959), Princess Marie of Liechtenstein
Prince François, Count of Clermont, François, Count of Clermont
Princess Blanche
Prince Jean, Duke of Vendôme, Jean, Duke of Vendôme
Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême, Eudes, Duke of Angoulême
Cheryll Sotheran

**Dame Cheryll Beatrice Sotheran** (1945 – 30 December 2017) was a New Zealand museum professional. She was the founding Chief Executive of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa and was thanked with the successful completion of the museum, considered the largest international museum project of the 1990s. She was born in Stratford, New Zealand.

In the 1999 New Year Honours Sotheran was appointed a Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to museum administration. Sotheran resigned from Te Papa for health reasons in 2002.

In 2013,  Sotheran suffered a stroke. She died in Auckland on 30 December 2017 from an unknown long-illness and stroke-related complications, aged 72.
Flag of Egypt

The **flag of Egypt** (Egyptian Arabic: علم مصر) has three equal horizontal bands of red, white, and black with the national emblem (a gold Eagle of Saladin facing the hoist side with a shield superimposed on its chest above a scroll bearing the name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band.

## Infobox (flag)

- **name**: Arab Republic of Egypt
- **image**: Flag of Egypt.svg
- **nickname**: Egypt
- **use**: 110110
- **proportion**: 2:3
- **design**: Horizontally divided red-white-black tricolour flag with the Eagle of Saladin.
- **designer**: ʻAlī Kāmil al-Dīb
- **image2**: Flag of Egypt without eagle.svg
- **use2**: 100100
- **proportion2**: 2:3
- **design2**: Variant of the national flag without the Eagle of Saladin.
- **designer2**: ʻAlī Kāmil al-Dīb
- **use3**: 001000
- **proportion3**: 2:3
- **design3**: National flag with two white crossed sabres in canton (heraldry), canton.
- **image4**: Naval Ensign of Egypt.svg
- **use4**: 000001
- **proportion4**: 2:3
- **image5**: Presidential Standard of Egypt.svg
- **nickname5**: Presidential Standard of Egypt
- **proportion5**: 2:3
- **design5**: National flag with gold outlined Eagle of Saladin in canton.
John Clarke (satirist)

**John Morrison Clarke** (29 July 1948 – 9 April 2017) was a New Zealand-born Australian comedian, writer, and satirist. He was born in Palmerston North, New Zealand. He lived in Australia from the late 1970s. He was a well known actor and writer. His work appeared on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) in both radio and television and also in print.

In 1982, he was nominated for an AFI award for co-writing the acclaimed Paul Cox movie _Lonely Hearts_.

During the 1980s and early 1990s, Clarke featured in several movies, including _Never Say Die_, _Death in Brunswick_, alongside another New Zealand actor, Sam Neill, and _Blood Oath_.

Clarke was also known for his mock interviews for _A Current Affair_ until 1997, satirising a range of figures including Paul Keating, Alexander Downer, George Bush, and Alan Bond. After a break, the pair reappeared on ABC TV's _The 7.30 Report_ in a similar format.

Clarke died while walking in the Grampians National Park in the Australian state of Victoria on 9 April 2017. He was 68. He died because of the heart attack.
J. Richard Clarke

**John Richard Clarke** (born April 4, 1927) has been a general authority of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) since 1976. He has been a member of the church's presiding bishopric and a member of the Presidency of the Seventy.

Clarke was born in Rexburg, Idaho.

Clarke served as a bishop, stake president, and regional representative in Idaho. He also returned to South Africa as the president of the church's South Africa Cape Town Mission.

From 1998 to 2001, Clarke was president of the church's Laie Hawaii Temple.

## Other websites

- Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: J. Richard Clarke
John Clarke (actor)

**John Clarke** (April 14, 1932 – October 16, 2019) was an American actor.

Clarke was known for his role as Mickey Horton on the NBC soap opera _Days of Our Lives_ for 39 years, beginning with the debut of the program in 1965, until he retired early in 2004 because of health concerns. Clarke was replaced in the role by John Ingle, who left the program in 2006.

His daughter was actress Melinda Clarke, who started out on _Days of our Lives_.

In 2005, Clarke received the Daytime Emmys Lifetime Achievement Award.

Clarke died of pneumonia-related problems in Laguna Beach, California on October 16, 2019 at the age of 88.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John Clarke
- **image**: John Clarke Mickey Horton Days of Our Lives 1967.jpg
- **caption**: Clarke as Mickey Horton in _Days of Our Lives_, 1967
- **birth place**: South Bend, Indiana, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Laguna Beach, California, Laguna Beach, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1959–2004
Zimmersheim

**Zimmersheim** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department. In 2014, 1,066 people lived there.
June Brown

**June Muriel Brown**, MBE (16 February 1927 – 3 April 2022) was an English actress. She was known for her role as Dot Cotton in the long-running BBC soap opera _EastEnders_, a part she played from 1985 to 1993, and again from 1997 to 2020.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: June Brown

- **image**: June Brown (2009).jpg
- **caption**: Brown at the 2009 BAFTA Awards
- **birth name**: June Muriel Brown
- **birth place**: Needham Market, Suffolk, England
- **death place**: Surrey, England
- **years active**: 1952–2021
- **known for**: **Dot Branning, Dot Cotton** in _EastEnders_
 (1985–1993, 1997–2020)
- **spouse**:

- **children**: 6
Mark E. Smith

**Mark Edward Smith** (5 March 1957 – 24 January 2018) was an English singer-songwriter and musician. He was the lead singer, lyricist and only constant member of the post-punk group The Fall. Smith formed The Fall in 1976 after attending a Sex Pistols gig at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in June that year.

Smith died on 24 January 2018 in Prestwich, Greater Manchester of lung and kidney cancer at the age of 60.

## Other websites

- The Fall online formerly: The Official Fall Website & The Unofficial Fall Website
- Various interviews
- _Guardian_ interview (2005)
- BBC Collective interview (2005)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Mark E. Smith
- **image**: Mark E. Smith 2008.jpg
- **caption**: Mark E. Smith in 2008
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Mark Edward Smith
- **years active**: 1976–2018
- **birth place**: Broughton, Salford, Lancashire, England
- **death place**: Prestwich, Greater Manchester, England
- **instrument**: singing, Vocals, guitar, keyboard instruments, keyboards, violin
- **genre**: Post-punk, alternative rock, spoken word
- **occupation**: Musician, lyricist, songwriter
- **associated acts**: The Fall (band), The Fall
Von Südenfed
Pistol Mitralieră model 1963/1965

The **Pistol Mitralieră model 1963** (abbreviated **PM md. 63**) is an Romanian assault rifle based on the Soviet AKM, and chambered in the 7.62×39mm cartridge. It is exported as the **AIM**.

The **Pistol Mitralieră model 1965** (abbreviated **PM md. 65**) is the underfolding-stock version of the PM md. 63, and is exported as the **AIMS**.

## History

In the early 1960s, the Romanian Army used mostly PPSh-41, Oriţa submachine guns and imported AK-47 assault rifles.  With the development of the stamped Type 4 AKM receiver, and the Soviet Union's call to each of the Warsaw Pact's nations to produce their own assault rifles chambered in 7.62mm, be they AK-47 pattern or not, the Romanian State Arsenal developed an AKM clone featuring a forward-pointing front handgrip molded into the lower handguard, called the **Pistol Mitralieră model 1963** (literally 'machine pistol' model 1963). The underfolding stock version is designated the **Pistol Mitralieră model 1965**, and features a rear-pointing front handgrip, allowing the underfolding stock to be completely retracted.

## Infobox (weapon)

- **name**: PM md. 63
- **image**: PMmd.1963.jpg
- **caption**: PM md. 63
- **origin**: Socialist Republic of Romania
- **type**: Assault rifle
- **is ranged**: yes
- **service**: 1963–now
- **used by**: See #Users, Users
- **wars**: The Troubles
Somali Civil War
War in Afghanistan (2001–present), 2001 Afghanistan War
Iraq War
Mexican Drug War
2011 Libyan civil war, 2011 Libyan Civil War
Syrian civil war, Syrian Civil War
Iraqi insurgency (2011–13), 2011 Iraqi Insurgency
- **design date**: 1963
- **manufacturer**: ROMARM
- **production date**: 1963–now
- **variants**: PM md. 63
PM md. 65
PM md. 90
- **weight**: 7.9 lbs (3.6 kg)
- **length**: 34.6 in (88 cm)
- **part length**: 16.3 in (41.5 cm)
- **cartridge**: 7.62×39mm
- **caliber**: 7.62 mm
- **action**: Gas operation (firearms), Gas-operated, rotating bolt
- **rate**: 600 rounds/minute
- **velocity**: 715 m/s
- **range**: 100 to 1000 meters sight adjustments
- **feed**: 30 round Magazine (firearms), magazine
- **sights**: Iron sights
Beautiful Inside

"**Beautiful Inside**" is a song recorded by English singer Louise. It was released on 30 October 2000 as the second and final single from Louise's third studio album _Elbow Beach_ (2000) and charted at number 13. The single was taken from her 3rd solo album _Elbow Beach_ and contains a sample from the song "Different Strokes" by Syl Johnson and had also been sampled by American hip hop group Wu-Tang Clan.

## Track listings

**UK CD 1 single**
1. Beautiful Inside (Radio Edit)
1. Clear Water
1. Better Back Off
1. Beautiful Inside Video

**UK CD 2 single**
1. Beautiful Inside (Radio Edit)
1. Beautiful Inside (D-Bops Saturday Night Mix)
1. Beautiful Inside (Sleaze Sisters Anthem Mix)

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Beautiful Inside
- **artist**: Louise Redknapp, Louise
- **album**: Elbow Beach (album), Elbow Beach
- **released**: 30 October 2000
- **label**: EMI Records, EMI
- **prev title**: 2 Faced
- **prev year**: 2000
- **next title**: Stuck in the Middle with You
- **next year**: 2001
Light of My Life

"**Light of My Life**" is the debut single released by English singer Louise. It was released on 25 September 1995 as the lead single from Louise's debut album _Naked_ (1996). _Light of My Life_ is her first single as a solo artist following her leaving her former group Eternal earlier that year. It reached number eight in the UK Singles Chart and number eighteen in Ireland. The video was directed by Russell Young.

## Track listings

**UK CD 1 single**
1. Light of My Life
1. Light of My Life (Piano and Vocal Mix)
1. Real Love

**UK CD 2 single**
1. Light of My Life
1. Real Love (Tin Tin Out Remix)
1. Real Love (Stonebridge Remix)
1. Exclusive Interview With Louise

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Light of My Life
- **artist**: Louise Redknapp, Louise
- **album**: Naked (Louise album), Naked
- **released**: 25 September 1995
- **recorded**: 1995
- **label**: EMI Recrods, EMI
- **next title**: In Walked Love
- **next year**: 1996
Atalanta

**Atalanta** (;  _Atalantē_) is a girl from Greek stories. She is very strong and fast. She can run, hunt, and wrestle. She helped hunt a big wild boar. She wanted to stay a virgin (not marry), but later she married a man who could beat her in a race. She is like the goddesses Athena and Artemis because she is strong and brave. People in old Greek art often show her hunting and running.

## Family and early life

Atalanta’s father was either King Schoeneus, King Iasus, or King Maenalus. Her mother was Clymene.
When she was a baby, her parents left her in the forest. A bear, sent by the goddess Artemis, took care of her. Then hunters took care of her. People think her parents wanted a son, so they left her. When she grew up, an oracle (a wise person who talks for the gods) told her not to marry. Atalanta promised to stay a virgin and became a hunting friend of Artemis, the goddess.

## Calydonian Boar Hunt

Atalanta’s most famous adventure is hunting the Calydonian boar. A big, scary boar with big white teeth attacked the city of Calydon. The boar destroyed farms and hurt people. The goddess Artemis sent the boar to punish King Oineus for not giving her a gift. Meleager, the king’s son, led a group of heroes to hunt the boar. The hunters were Jason, Theseus, Castor and Pollux (Dioscuri), Melanion, Peleus, Peirithoos, Atalanta, and hunting dogs. During the hunt, Meleager fell in love with Atalanta, but she stayed focused. Some hunters had accidents. Peleus mistakenly killed Eurytion. Centaurs (half-man, half-horse creatures) attacked Atalanta. She killed them both easily.

Atalanta shot the boar first, then Meleager killed it. They gave the boar to Artemis. Atalanta got the boar’s skin. Later, Meleager’s uncles stole the skin. Meleager killed them. Then, his mother Althaea, angry and sad, burned a magic piece of wood that is not burning, but is still red and hot after a fire has died. It took Meleager’s life. He died. Althaea was so sad she killed herself.

## Atalanta’s race

Atalanta was very good at sports. She beat Peleus in wrestling. Her father wanted her to marry. Atalanta agreed but said that her husband must beat her in a race. Many men ran with her, but she won every time. The losers had a sad ending, they were killed. One man, Hippomenes, won by dropping three golden apples on the track. Atalanta stopped to pick them up, so he won. Later, Atalanta and Hippomenes married. But after they were in a temple, a god punished them and turned them into lions. They had a son, Parthenopaeus, before this happened.

## Afterlife

In the Greek afterlife (Elysium), heroes could choose a soul to have. Atalanta chose the soul of a runner because she loved running, hunting, and wrestling.
Disco (Grace Jones album)

***Disco*** is a box-set of three albums by Jamaican recording artist Grace Jones released in May 2015. The album contains _Portfolio_ (1977), _Fame_ (1978), and _Muse_ (1979), all of which were recorded at Philadelphia's Sigma Sound with disco artist Tom Moulton as producer, in their full album length.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Disco
- **type**: compilation
- **artist**: Grace Jones
- **released**: May 4, 2015
- **recorded**: 1977-1979
- **length**: 227:13
- **producer**: Tom Moulton
- **prev title**: Hurricane (Grace Jones album), Hurricane
- **prev year**: 2008
National League Division Series

In Major League Baseball, the **National League Division Series (NLDS)**, played early to mid October, is a playoff round to determine which two National League teams play in the NLCS.  It consists of two best-of-five series featuring three division winners and the winner of the wild card game.

## History

The first Division Series was played in 1981.  A strike shortened the MLB season that year.  Division winners from the first half took on the second-half division champions.

The Division Series was implemented for good in 1994.  The leagues were expanded two three divisions, and the wild card was also added.  However, a strike cancelled the rest of the 1994 MLB season, including the playoffs.   The current Division Series thus began play in 1995.
Ebrahim Nafae

**Ebrahim Nafae** (12 January 1934 – 1 January 2018) was an Egyptian journalist. He was editor of the Egyptian newspaper _Al-Ahram_ from 1979 to 2005 and chair of the General Union of Arab Journalists from 1996 to 2012. He was born in Suez, Egypt. He then became an editor at Egyptian Radio and an economy editor of the state-owned _Al Gomhuria_.

Nafae died of lung cancer on 1 January 2018 in Dubai after undergoing surgery.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ebrahim Nafae
- **native name**: ابراهيم نافع
- **birth place**: Suez, Suez Governorate, Egypt
- **death place**: Dubai, Emirate of Dubai, UAE
- **occupation**: Journalist
- **nationality**: Egyptian
- **education**: Ain Shams University
Manuel Olivencia

**Manuel Olivencia Ruiz** (25 July 1929 – 1 January 2018) was a Spanish lawyer with a career as a professor, economist, and diplomat. He worked at the University of Seville and organized Seville Expo '92. He was born in Ronda, Spain. He won the Creu de Sant Jordi Award in 1990. He was Undersecretary of Education and Science during the first Transition government, advisor to the Bank of Spain, and a member of the board of RTVE.

In 1960 he became a professor of law at the University of Seville. One of his students was future Prime Minister Felipe González. There, he was dean of the school of law from 1968 to 1971 and dean of the school of economics from 1971 to 1975.

Olivencia died of respiratory failure complicated from a fall in Seville, Spain on 1 January 2018 at the age of 88.
Lalo Schifrin

**Boris Claudio** "**Lalo**" **Schifrin** (June 21, 1932 – June 26, 2025) was an Argentine pianist, composer, arranger and conductor. He was best known for his movie and TV scores since the 1950s, including the theme from _Mission: Impossible_ and _Enter the Dragon_.

Schifrin received five Grammy Awards and six Oscar nominations. Schifrin was also known for his works with Clint Eastwood from the late 1960s to the 1980s, particularly the _Dirty Harry_ movies.

Schifrin died on June 26, 2025 at a hospital in Los Angeles, California from problems caused by pneumonia, five days after his 93rd birthday.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **image**: Lalo schifrin.jpg
- **caption**: with Kölner Musikhochschule on July 7 2006
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Boris Claudio Schifrin
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **years active**: 1950–2025
Präz

**Präz** () was a municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2010, the municipalities of Portein, Präz, Sarn and Tartar joined and became the new municipality of Cazis.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Präz
- **municipality name**: Präz
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Präz wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Präz.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Hinterrhein (district), Hinterrhein
- **postal code**: 7424
- **area**: 11.35
- **elevation**: 1200
- **population**: 161
- **populationof**: December 2007
- **popofyear**: 2007
- **website**: www.praez.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Cazis, Rhäzüns, Safien, Sarn, Switzerland, Sarn, Tartar, Switzerland, Tartar, Versam
- **twintowns**: Neerach (Switzerland)
Ottmarsheim

**Ottmarsheim** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France, on Highway 9 just across the Rhine River from its terminus at the German Autobahn Steinenstadt interchange.
Pillai

**Pillai** can mean:
- Pillai (Kerala title), a title used in Kerala
- Pillai (title), a suffix used by various social and religious groups of South India and Sri Lanka (includes a list of people with this title)
- Pillai of Pallichal, a title of the order of nobility in Travancore
- Pillai (community), a community from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka
- Pillai (surname)
- Pilai, a Finnish bagpipe
- The Pillai statistic used in multivariate statistics, named after K. C. Sreedharan Pillai
- The Indian mathematician Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai
Saoirse Ronan

**Saoirse Una Ronan** (born 12 April 1994) is an American-Irish actress. She is best known for her role as Susie Salmon in Peter Jacksons 2009 supernatural drama movie _The Lovely Bones_ and Jo March in Greta Gerwig's _Little Women_. She also played Broiny Tallis in _Atonement_ (2007), Eilis Lacey in _Brooklyn_ (2015) and Christine "Lady Bird" McPherson in _Lady Bird_ (2017).

Ronan received four Academy Award nominations. She won a Golden Globe Award in 2018.

In 2024, she appeared in _The Outrun_ and _Blitz_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Saoirse Ronan
- **image**: MKr349631 Saoirse Ronan (The Outrun, Berlinale 2024).jpg
- **alt**: Saoirse Ronan at the Berlinale 2024
- **caption**: Ronan in 2024
- **birth name**: Saoirse Una Ronan
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 2003–present
- **father**: Paul Ronan
Inverse (mathematics)

**Inversion** (or **finding the inverse**) is an idea from mathematics, which is about finding a number, function or mathematical structure which is different from the current one, but which has similar properties.  The simplest case of this is negation: Given a positive number, find the negative number which has the same value, except for the sign.

Inversion can refer to the following concepts:
- The inverse element for addition or for multiplication.
- An inverse function
- Inverse (logic)
- The inversion of an Invertible matrix
- The Fourier inversion theorem states that sometimes, it is possible to reconstruct the original function, after a Fourier transform
- In Set theory, the complement will return all elements not in the set.
- Inversive geometry studies the properties of a shape that are preserved after geometrical inversion.
Annette Crosbie

**Annette Crosbie** (born 12 February 1934) is a Scottish actress. She is known for her role as Margaret Meldrew in the BBC sitcom _One Foot in the Grave_ (1990–2000). She won the BAFTA Award twice for _The Six Wives of Henry VIII_ in 1971 and _Edward the Seventh_ in 1976.

Her other movie appearances include _The Pope Must Die_ (1991), _Shooting Fish_ (1997), _Calendar Girls_ (2003) and _Into the Woods_ (2014).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Annette Crosbie
- **birth place**: Gorebridge, Midlothian, Scotland
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1959–present
- **spouse**: Michael Griffiths (1966-1985) (divorced)
- **children**: Owen Griffiths
 Selina Griffiths
The Founder

***The Founder*** is a 2016 American biographical drama movie directed by John Lee Hancock and written by Robert Siegel. The movie stars Michael Keaton as businessman Ray Kroc. It is about the story of his creation of the McDonald's fast food chain. Nick Offerman and John Carroll Lynch co-star as McDonald's founders Richard and Maurice McDonald.

The movie premiered at Arclight Hollywood on December 7, 2016 and was released in the United States on January 20, 2017, by The Weinstein Company. It made $24 million worldwide and got generally positive reviews from critics, with praise for Keaton's performance.

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Founder
- **director**: John Lee Hancock
- **writer**: Robert D. Siegel
- **music**: Carter Burwell
- **cinematography**: John Schwartzman
- **editing**: Robert Frazen
- **distributor**: The Weinstein Company
- **runtime**: 115 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $25 million
- **gross**: $24.1 million
John Carroll Lynch

**John Carroll Lynch** (born August 1, 1963) is an American actor and director. He became known for his role as Norm Gunderson in _Fargo_.   He is also known for his television work on the ABC sitcom _The Drew Carey Show_ as Steve Carey, as well as on _American Horror Story: Freak Show_ and _American Horror Story: Cult_ as Twisty the Clown.

His movies include _Face/Off_, _Gran Torino, Volcano_ , _Shutter Island_, _Ted 2_, _The Invitation_, and _Zodiac_. Most recently, he played McDonald's co-founder Maurice McDonald in _The Founder_.

Lynch directed his first movie with the 2017 movie _Lucky_ starring Harry Dean Stanton.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: John Carroll Lynch
- **image**: John Carroll Lynch Viennale 2017 02.jpg
- **caption**: Lynch in 2017
- **birth place**: Boulder, Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, US
- **alma mater**: The Catholic University of America
- **occupation**: Actor, film director
- **yearsactive**: 1986–present
Richard and Maurice McDonald

**Richard James McDonald** (February 16, 1909 – July 14, 1998) and **Maurice James McDonald** (November 26, 1902 – December 11, 1971) were American fast-food restaurateurs. They were the founders of the original McDonald’s restaurant in San Bernardino, California and inventors of the ‘Speedee Service System’. They were born in Manchester, New Hampshire.

In 1954, the McDonald brothers partnered with Ray Kroc. Kroc took 1.9 percent of the gross sales, of which the McDonald brothers got 0.5 percent. The brothers wanted to only have a small number of restaurants, which Kroc did not want them to have. Ray Kroc eventually bought them out.

On November 30, 1984, Richard McDonald – the first cook behind the grill of a McDonald's – was served the ceremonial 50,000,000,000th (50 billionth) McDonald's hamburger by Ed Rensi, then president of McDonald's USA, at the Grand Hyatt hotel in New York City.

Maurice McDonald died from heart failure in Riverside, California, on December 11, 1971, at the age of 69. Richard McDonald died in Manchester, New Hampshire, on July 14, 1998 of a heart attack, at the age of 89.

In the 2016 movie _The Founder_, Richard McDonald is played by Nick Offerman, and John Carroll Lynch portrays Maurice McDonald.
Mauro Staccioli

**Mauro Staccioli** (11 February 1937 – 1 January 2018) was an Italian sculptor. He was born in Volterra, Italy. Staccioli started teaching and in 1968 joined the Academy of Fine Arts of Brera in Milan.

In the beginning of the 1970s, his career began as his works were about urban environment and, with sculpture, tries to give answers to social questions.

## Works

Among all his permanent work installations: Villa Celle in Santomato of Pistoia (1982); Olympic Park in Seoul (1988); Djerassi Foundation in Woodside (1987–1991); Museum of Contemporary Art of Seul Kwachon (1990); Museum of Contemporary Art of San Diego (1996); Ordino d’Arcalis in Andorra (1991); Munich (1996); Parc Tournay-Solvay in Brussels (1996); Villa Glori in Roma (1997); Schuman roundabout in Brussels (1998); Lapiz building in La Jolla (2003); Chiaopanshan International Sculpture Park in Taiwan (2003); University of Puerto Rico Arecibo (2004); Carrazeda de Ansiães in Portugal (2008); Centre Val St Quentin in Voisins-le-Bretonneux (2008).

## Death

Staccioli died of complications from pneumonia on 1 January 2018 in Milan at the age of 80.
Inverse element

The **inverse element** is the opposite of a number or equation. The inverses of  in addition is  (called the additive inverse), and  or  in multiplication (called the multiplicative inverse, or reciprocal).

In general, given an element _g_ in a group _S_ equipped with an operation , an inverse element of _g_ is an element _g*_ such that  and  are both equal to the identity element (of the group). Other examples of inverse include inverse function and matrix inverse.

## Related pages

- Field (mathematics), a set equipped with additive inverses and multiplicative inverses (except for zero)
Zumbastico Fantástico

**Zumbastico Fantástico**  is a Chilean television program broadcast by TVN and Cartoon Network Latin America, the program lasts 30 minutes, was produced by "TVN" and "Solo por las niñas". The series aired on Cartoon Network from November 1, 2011, the series contains animations made by Chilean cartoonists.

## List of Zumbastico Fantástico programs

- Telonio and his demons
- Pepe, a square in a round world
- Edgar's surprising navel
- Piggy Doggy (Based on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon from the 50's)
- The League of Semi-Heroes (Based on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon from the 60's)
- Huckleberry Hound (Based on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon from the 40's)

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Comedy
Innuendo
Black comedy
Slapstick
- **runtime**: 30 minutes (3 7 minutes segments)
- **developer**: TVN
- **country**: Chile
- **company**: Zumbastico Studios
- **network**: **TVN** (Chile)
Cartoon Network (Latin America), Cartoon Network (Latin America)
**Canal 22 (Mexico)**
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 20
Khoisan

The **Khoisan** is the name for two peoples of Southern Africa: the **San** and the **Khoikhoi**. The San are foraging bushmen, and the Khoi are a pastoral people previously known as the **Hottentots**. The relationship between the two groups is not very clear. The San are generally smaller than other humans in the area. They also look very different than other groups of people there. As of 2018, between 90.000 and 100.000 San are left.  Most of them live in Botswana and Namibia. There are San minorities in South Africa, Angola, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

The San were some of the original (indigenous) inhabitants of Southern Africa. Then the southward Bantu migrations from North and East Africa reached the region 700 years ago. The Bantu populations displaced the Khoi and San to become the predominant inhabitants of Southern Africa.

The Khoisan “was the largest population on Earth at some point”, according to one evolutionary geneticist. The evidence of the Khoisan's original presence in South Africa is the distribution of their languages today. Khoisan language groups often have extreme differences in structure and vocabulary despite close proximity, which demonstrates a long period of settlement and co-evolution of languages in the same region.

Charles Darwin wrote about the Khoisan and sexual selection in _The Descent of Man_ in 1882, commenting that their steatopygia evolved through sexual selection in human evolution, and that "the posterior part of the body projects in a most wonderful manner".

In the 1990s, genomic studies of the world's peoples found that the Y chromosome of San men share patterns of polymorphisms that are different from those of all other populations. Because the Y chromosome changes little, this type of DNA test is used to determine when different human subgroups separated from one another. This shows their last common ancestry. The authors of these studies suggest that the San may have been one of the first populations to differentiate from the most recent common ancestor of all living humans, estimated to have lived 60,000 to 90,000 years ago.
Steatopygia

**Steatopygia** is the state of having substantial levels of fatty tissue on the buttocks and thighs. This can be seen on the buttocks, the inside and outside of the thighs, and the knee.

Steatopygia is an inherited condition of the Khoisan peoples of southern Africa. Charles Darwin wrote about the Khoisan in _The Descent of Man_ in 1882, commenting that their steatopygia evolved through sexual selection in human evolution, and that "the posterior part of the body projects in a most wonderful manner".
Luo people

The **Luo** (also called **Joluo** or **Jonagi**/**Onagi**, singular **Jaluo**, **Jaonagi** or **Joramogi**/**Nyikwaramogi**, meaning "Ramogi's heirs") are an ethnic group in western Kenya, northern Uganda, and the Mara Region in northern Tanzania. They are part of a larger group of the linguistic Luo peoples who inhabit an area ranging from South Sudan, South-Western Ethiopia, Northern and Eastern Uganda, South-Western Kenya and North-Eastern Tanzania.

The Luo are the fourth largest ethnic group (15%) in Kenya, after the Kikuyu (22%), the Kalenjin (18%) and the Luhya (16%). The Luo and the Kikuyu inherited most of political power in the first years after  Kenya's independence in 1963. The nummber of Luo in Kenya was estimated to be 2,185,000 in 1994 and 3.4 million in 2010 during to government census.

They are mostly fishermen, with some farmers, but durng the colonial era, they had a mixed economy in which livestock and farm products were used for economic and divine activities. They migrated from Bahr-El-Ghazal a sub-tributary of the Nile, and first settled at Pukungu Pakwach in Uganda and later dispersed to Kisumu in Kenya and Tanzania near Lake Victoria.

Their 'state' leaders who lead groups of related clans are called _Ruoth_, meaning "Chief", and their national leaders  are now called _Jodongo_ - Luo Council of Elders and are led by a _Ker_, meaning "King". They now are members of Christianity, traditional African religions and Islam.

Their god was called Nyasaye, who used to stay at Ramogi Hills. Their initiation used to be done on teenaged boys who woild get their six lower teeth removed and then would  be regarded as men.  They now have syopped that practice and have copied the Kikuyu and circumsising the foreskin.

## Notable people

1. Jaramogi Oginga Odinga one of Kenya's founding fathers
1. Barrack Obama former President of The U.S
1. Lupita Nyong'o Award winning actor in the Oscars
1. Raila Odinga former Prime Minister of Kenya
1. Raymond Omollo  Permanent Secretary (PS) Interior
1. Tito Okello former Uganda President
1. Elijah Omolo Agar one of Kenya's founding fathers

## Infobox (ethnic group)

- **group**: Luo
- **total**: 7 million Kenya and Tanzania
- **regions**: Western Kenya, northern and eastern Uganda, northern Tanzania
- **religions**: Christianity, African Traditional Religion, Islam
- **languages**: Luo, Swahili language, Swahili, and English language, English
- **related groups**: Other Luo peoples, other Nilotic peoples
Ferdinando Imposimato

**Ferdinando Imposimato** (9 April 1936 – 2 January 2018) was an Italian magistrate. He was the Honorary President of the Supreme Court of Italy until his death. He was known for being a high-ranking prosecutor. He led the investigations of the kidnapping of Aldo Moro, Mehmet Ali Ağca's attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II, the assassination of banker Michele Sindona and many Mafia trials. He was twice a member of the Senate of the Republic.

In January 2015, he was nominated by the Five Star Movement as its candidate for the 2015 presidential election. An online survey by supporters of the movement won him 32% of the votes.

Imposimato was born in Maddaloni. He graduated from the University of Naples in 1959. He became a magistrate in 1964.

Imposimato died on 2 January 2018 in Rome, at the age of 81.
Tim Sweeney

**Tim Sweeney** (1929 – 1 January 2018) was an Irish sportsman. He played hurling with his local club Foneagh. He was a member of the Galway senior inter-county team between 1949 and 1963.

He won back-to-back county titles with Fohenagh in 1959 and 1960. He was on the Fohenagh team which lost the 1963 county final to Turloughmore.

Sweeney died at the age of 88 on 1 January 2018.
Persistence hunting

**Persistence hunting** is important because it is thought to have been important in earlier human societies. It is practiced today by the San people and by the Rarámari (Tarahumara) people of northwest Mexico.

Many animals on grassland move faster than humans. However, humans have endurance and can jog-trot for long distances. Their loss of hair allows them to sweat easily, and their spears give them a way to kill prey at the end of the hunting.

A group of about four men start out on a search. Finding a suitable antelope, they move towards it, and the animal runs away. They check the signs, such as broken blades of grass, and follow it more slowly, but persistently. Eventually the animal has to stop to eat grass. Grass has so little nutrient that continual eating during the day is essential for their survival. If the antelope runs off into the far distance, one of the younger men is chosen to run after it while the others jog along behind. The runner comes back to say where the animal has gone. In this way younger members with endurance and older men with experience have their roles in the hunt. Eventually the men catch up while the animal can run no further without digesting grass (which is its 'fuel').

There is an alternative explanation as to why the animal eventually stops running, and that relates to its lesser ability to reduce its temperature by sweating, because its coat of fur is so much denser than the human hair covering. This may indeed play a part, but primarily the cause of fatigue is what is called 'metabolic fatigue', such as the shortage of fuel within the muscles.

The San people and their hunting methods were presented on television by David Attenborough in the documentary _The Life of Mammals, Program 10 Food for thought_. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=826HMLoiE_o
DStv

**DStv** (**Digital Satellite Television**) is MultiChoice's digital satellite TV service in Sub-Saharan Africa, launched in 1995, providing various bouquets offering general entertainment, movies, lifestyle & culture, sport, documentaries, news & commerce, children, music, religion and consumer channels to MultiChoice subscribers. DStv has around 8 million subscribers, with the majority being in South Africa and Nigeria. These two markets are considered to be the most important markets for DStv, although markets such as Kenya, Ghana, Angola, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Mauritius and Tanzania, though not having as many subscribers, they are on major focus too.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: DStv
- **logo**: DStv 2012 logo.svg
- **logo caption**: _So much more_ (1995-2014)
_Feel every Moment_ (2014-2021)
_It's your Moment_ (2021-present)
- **logo alt**: Current DStv logo since 2012 with the wordmark only and the arc removed.
- **type**: Public company, Public
- **area served**: Sub-Saharan Africa (Africa excluding North Africa)
- **industry**: Pay television
- **products**: Direct Broadcast Satellite
- **services**: Television
- **location**: Gauteng, Randburg, South Africa
- **owners**: Multichoice
- **subsid**: CaillouSky
Middelburg

**Middelburg** may refer to:

- Middelburg, Belgium, a neighborhood of Maldegem, Province of East Flanders, Belgium
- Middelburg, Eastern Cape, a town in the Province of Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Middelburg, Mpumalanga, a city in the Province of Mpumalanga, South Africa
- Middelburg, Netherlands, capital of the Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands
- Middelburg, North Holland, a hamlet in the Province of South Holland, the Netherlands
Bâgé-Dommartin

**Bâgé-Dommartin** is a new commune in the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of east France. It started on January 1, 2018 and has the former communes of Bâgé-la-Ville and Dommartin in it.
Subaru Ascent

The **Subaru Ascent** is a mid-size sport utility vehicle made by Subaru. The seven or eight-seat passenger SUV, with a design based on the Subaru VIZIV-7 concept, made its debut at the LA Auto Show on November 28, 2017, and will go on sale in the spring of 2018 as a 2019 model in North America.

## Vehicle details

The **Subaru Ascent** was originally introduced as a concept car at the 2017 New York International Auto Show, where it was also announced that Subaru would be producing the vehicle at its Lafayette, Indiana Assembly Plant, with production beginning in early 2018, alongside the current Subaru Impreza. It will be the flagship Subaru vehicle in North America, and will replace the Subaru Tribeca (previously the B9 Tribeca), which was discontinued after the 2014 model year.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Subaru Ascent
- **image**: Subaru Ascent IMG 3632.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Subaru
- **production**: 2018-
- **model years**: 2019–present
- **assembly**: Lafayette, Indiana, United States
- **body style**: Mid-size SUV
- **platform**: Subaru global platform
- **related**: Subaru Impreza#fifth, Subaru Impreza
- **engine**: 2.4L Turbocharged Subaru Boxer Flat Four-Cylinder (H4), 260 HP, 277 Lb. Ft. of Torque
- **transmission**: Continuously variable transmission, CVT
- **predecessor**: Subaru Tribeca
Lil Pump

**Gazzy Fabio Garcia** (born August 17, 2000), known professionally as **Lil Pump**, is a Native Hispanic/Latino-American rapper, singer and songwriter. Garcia is known for his hyperactive public persona, where he is often portrayed taking drugs, particularly marijuana, lean and Xanax; he is also known for shouting his catchphrase "Esskeetit" (a shortened version of "Let's get it"). He can often be seen on social media engaging in unwise behavior. Garcia was named as one of the 30 Under 30 by _Forbes_ in 2019.

Lil Pump rose to popularity in 2017, after he released his song "Gucci Gang", which peaked at number three on the U.S. _Billboard_ Hot 100. It was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). He has since released other songs, including "I Love It" (with Kanye West), "Esskeetit", "Drug Addicts", "Butterfly Doors",  "Racks on Racks", and "Be Like Me" (featuring Lil Wayne). He released his first studio album _Lil Pump_ in October 2017. His song "Welcome to the Party" was featured in the soundtrack for _Deadpool 2_.
He released his second studio album _Harverd Dropout_ on February 22, 2019.

## Early Life

Gazzy was born and raised in Miami, Florida. Gazzy was resicuted from school when he was in the tenth grade as a result of fighting and participation in riot.

## Personal Life

Garcia has dyslexia, which as a result he can't read as he stated in social media.

## Discography

- _Lil Pump_ (2017)
- _Harverd Dropout_ (2019)
- _No Name (Lil Pump 1.5)_ (with Ronny J) (2021)
- _Lil Pump 2_ (2023)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lil Pump
- **height**: 5 ft 7 in
- **image**: Lil Pump Fillmore Auditorium (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Lil Pump in 2019
- **birth name**: Gazzy Fabio Garcia
- **birth place**: Miami, Florida, United States, U.S.
- **alias**: Jet Ski
- **years active**: 2015–present
Petit-Landau

**Petit-Landau** is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

It lies along the Grand Canal d'Alsace.
Jahn Otto Johansen

**Jahn Otto Johansen** (3 May 1934 – 1 January 2018) was a Norwegian journalist, newspaper editor, foreign correspondent and non-fiction writer. He was born in Porsgrunn, Norway. He worked for the newspaper _Morgenposten_ from 1956 to 1966, for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) from 1966 to 1977, and was chief editor of _Dagbladet_ from 1977 to 1984.

Johansen died in Oslo on 1 January 2018 at the age of 83.
Ali Akbar Moinfar

**Ali Akbar Moinfar** (Persian: علی‌اکبر معین‌فر) (14 January 1928 – 2 January 2018) was an Iranian politician. He served as the first Petroleum Minister of Iran. He was a member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly representing Tehran from 1980 through 1984. He was born in Tehran.

Moinfar died in Tehran on 2 January 2018 of renal failure at the age of 89.
Rick Hall

**Roe Erister "Rick" Hall** (January 31, 1932 – January 2, 2018) was an American record producer, songwriter, and music publisher. He was best known as the owner and proprietor of FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, and "Father of Muscle Shoals Music".

Hall was born in Tishomingo County, Mississippi. He was raised in Rockford, Illinois. He was drafted to the Korean War, though rejected the draft as a conscientious objector.

Hall was added into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame in 1985 and also received the John Herbert Orr Pioneer Award. In 2014, he won the Grammy Trustees Award in recognition of his long career. Hall remained active in the music industry with FAME Studios, FAME Records, and FAME Publishing.

Hall died of prostate cancer in Muscle Shoals, Alabama on January 2, 2018 at the age of 85.
George Clements

**George Harold Clements** (January 26, 1932 – November 25, 2019) was an American Roman Catholic priest. In 1981, became the first Catholic priest in the Chicago area to adopt a child.

In June 1969, Father Clements became the first black pastor of Holy Angels Catholic Church on the South Side of Chicago. He was also well known for his involvement in civil rights activities in the 1960s.

In August 2019, Cardinal Blase J. Cupich asked Clements resign from ministry, while the Church investigates allegations that he sexually abused a minor in 1974.

Clements suffered a stroke on October 12, 2019. He died on November 25, 2019 at a hospital in Hammond, Indiana from a heart attack caused by the stroke, aged 87.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Father George Clements
- **image**: Rev. George H. Clements.jpg
- **caption**: Fr. George H. Clements giving Holy Communion, 1973.  Photo by John H. White (photojournalist), John H. White.
- **birth name**: George Harold Clements
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Hammond, Indiana, U.S.
- **occupation**: Roman Catholic priest, activist
- **children**: Joey, Friday, Stewart, Saint Anthony
- **years active**: 1957–2019
Jack F. Matlock Jr.

**Jack Foust Matlock Jr.** (born October 1, 1929) is an American former ambassador, career Foreign Service Officer, a teacher, a historian, and a linguist. He was a specialist in Soviet affairs during the years of the Cold War, and served as U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1987 to 1991 during the Presidency of Ronald Reagan.

## Other websites

- JackMatlock.com website and blog
    - _Booknotes_ interview with Matlock on _Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended_, September 26, 2004.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **birth name**: Jack Foust Matlock Jr.
- **name**: Jack F. Matlock Jr.
- **image**: Jack F Matlock, Jr.jpg
- **ambassador from1**: United States
- **country1**: the Soviet Union
- **term start1**: April 6, 1987
- **term end1**: August 11, 1991
- **president1**: Ronald Reagan
 George H.W. Bush
- **predecessor1**: Arthur A. Hartman
- **successor1**: Robert Schwarz Strauss, Robert S. Strauss
- **ambassador from2**: United States
- **country2**: Czechoslovakia
- **term start2**: September 28, 1981
- **term end2**: September 20, 1983
- **predecessor2**: Francis J. Meehan
- **successor2**: William H. Luers
- **president2**: Ronald Reagan
- **birth place**: Greensboro, North Carolina, United States
- **profession**: Politician, foreign officer, educator, historian, linguist
- **alma mater**: Duke University
Columbia University
Rebecca Matlock

**Rebecca Burrum Matlock** (December 7, 1928 – November 9, 2019) is an American photographer. She was born in Manchester, Tennessee. She is the wife of former U.S. Ambassador Jack F. Matlock Jr. since 1949. They both studied at Duke University.

In 1956 the Matlocks joined the Foreign Service and were posted in following years to Vienna, Oberammergau, Moscow, Accra, Zanzibar, and Dar es Salaam. Two more children were born during their first tour in Moscow (David and Joseph).

In 2009 she was named Honorary Trustee of the Friends of Davis International Center of Princeton University.

## Published works

1. At Spaso House: People and meetings: Notes of the wife of an American ambassador (in Russian) Transl. from English by T. Kudriavtseva, Moscow:  EKSMO, Algorithm, 2004
1. Challenges: A Memoir of My Life in Opera by Caldwell, Sarah with Matlock, Rebecca, Middletown, Conn. : Wesleyan University Press, 2008