juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia

**Alexei Nikolaevich** (;  – 17 July 1918) was the last Russian tsesarevich (heir apparent). He was the youngest child and only son of Tsar Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna.

After the February Revolution of 1917, the Romanovs were placed on house arrest by Bolsheviks in Tobolsk, Siberia. The Ural Regional Soviet ordered the murder of the Romanov family on July 17, 1918. Rumours persisted for decades that Alexei had escaped his execution, with many impostors claiming his identity.

Alexei's remains, along with those of his sisters Maria and Anastasia were discovered in a second grave near the rest of the Romanov family in 2007. On July 17. 1998, the Romanovs were formally buried in the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, exactly 80 years after their death. The Romanov family was canonized as passion bearers by the Russian Orthodox Church in 2000.

## Other websites

- AkexeiRomanov.org includes Articles on Alexei, 3D images and more
- FrozenTears.org A media library of the last Imperial Family.
- The Romanov Memorial
- The Murder of Russia's Imperial Family, Nicolay Sokolov. Investigation of murder of the Romanov Imperial Family in 1918.
- Account of Alexei's life, told in first person
- Tsarevich Alexei

## Infobox (person)

- **child**: yes
- **death cause**: Murder of the Romanov family, Gunshot wound


## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Alexei Nikolaevich
- **title**: Tsesarevich, Tsesarevich of Russia
- **image**: Tsarevich Alexei.jpg
- **caption**: Alexei in 1914
- **birth date**: 12 August 1904 [O.S 30 July]
- **birth place**: Peterhof Palace, St. Petersburg Governorate, Russian Empire
- **death place**: Ipatiev House, Yekaterinburg, Russian Soviet Republic
- **full name**: Alexei Nikolaevich Romanov
- **house**: Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov
- **father**: Nicholas II of Russia, Nicholas II
- **religion**: Russian Orthodox
- **signature**: SignatureAlexeyNikolaevich.jpg
- **mother**: Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse), Alexandra Feodorovna
Mälaren

**Lake Mälaren** is the third largest lake in Sweden after Lakes Vänern and Vättern. Its surface area is 1,140 km², its average depth is 12 meters and its greatest depth is 64 m. The lake drains, from southwest to northeast, into the Baltic Sea. The two largest islands in Mälaren are Selaön (91 km²) and Svartsjölandet (79 km²). The lake was previously known as Løgrinn. The Viking settlements Birka on the island of Björkö and Hovgården on the neighbouring island Adelsö have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993, as has Drottningholm Palace on the island of Lovön.
Game Maker

**Game Maker** is a computer program for the Windows operating system. It was first made by Mark Overmars, but it is now made by the company **YoYo Games**.

Game Maker lets people make computer games without knowing a computer programming language. People who know how to use programming languages can use Game Maker's own programming language, called **Game Maker Language**.

The newest version is Game Maker Studio. Since the first version made in 1999, Game Maker was given many new features. One of these features is 3-D graphics.

Game Maker has a drag-and-drop interface. This lets people make games using mostly the computer mouse. Game Maker uses icons that tell the person what actions they can do. People can make simple games by moving these icons into a given order. More detailed games can be made when Game Maker Language is used.

Game Maker has an internet community and website. There, people who use Game Maker can put their games up for others to play. People can also get help on using Game Maker from other people.

## History

Game Maker started as an animation program called _Animo_. Each new version of Game Maker added new features. Starting with version 7.0, Game Maker was published by the YoYo Games company.

In May 22, 2012, YoYo Games released GM:Studio. After that GM:HTML5 is no longer supported.GM:Studio allows users to publish their games to Windows, Mac OS X, Android, iOS, Windows 8, Windows Phone 8, Linux Ubuntu and HTML5.
Cadbury Creme Egg

A **Cadbury Creme Egg** is a type of candy made by Cadbury. It is an egg-shaped chocolate shell filled with a gooey fondant creme.
Bevacizumab

**Bevacizumab** is an anti-angiogenic drug that is used in the treatment of Metastatic Renal cell carcinoma, Metastatic breast cancer, Non-small cell lung cancer, and is also approved in the treatment Glioblastoma multiforme.
Metastatic breast cancer

**Metastatic breast cancer** is **Breast cancer** that has spread beyond the primary tumor. It is incurable, but may be treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and Hormonal therapy including Tamoxifen. Recently Bevacizumab was approved for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, along with Paclitaxel. Zometa is effective in treatment if the patient has Bone metastases.
Bone metastasis

**Bone metastases** are when a cancer spreads to the bones. This is called metastasis. People with breast and prostate cancer have more bone metastases than other cancers. However, almost any other cancer can spread to the bone.

## Symptoms

Symptoms of bone metastases include:
- Hypercalicemia (or an excess of calcium in the body)
- Bone pain
- Pathologic fracture
Hypercalcemia

**Hypercalcemia** is too much calcium in the body. It is usually caused by either cancer or parathyroid disease. If hypercalcemia is severe, it may cause changes in mental status. Other symptoms can include nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, and thirst.
Hypercalcemia can be asscociated with Sarcoidosis or Tuberculosis.
Eoghan Quigg

**Eoghan Quigg** (born 12 July 1992) is a pop singer based in the United Kingdom and Ireland. He has been active since 2008 when he was a contestent on _The X Factor_ where he finished in third place. In Ireland he has had a number 1 album called _Eoghan Quigg_. Quigg was going to be signed by Simon Cowell, CEO of Syco Records, but was instead signed to RCA.

### Albums

|rowspan="2"|Year|rowspan="2"|Title|colspan="2"|Chart Position|rowspan=2|Certifications|rowspan=2|Sales|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2009|_Eoghan Quigg_ *First studio album *Released: 6 April 2009 *Label: RCA, Sony BMG *Formats: CD, Digital Download|style="text-align:center;"|14|style="text-align:center;"|1|style="text-align:left; font-size:0.83em;"|* UK: TBA * Ireland: TBA|style="text-align:left; font-size:0.83em;"|* UK: 25,000+ * Ireland: 7,000+ * World: 30,000+|

### Singles

|rowspan="2"|Year|rowspan="2"|Song|colspan="2"|Chart positions|rowspan="2"|Album|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||2008|align="left"|"Hero" (with _The X Factor_ finalists)|style="text-align:center;"|1|style="text-align:center;"|1||_Charity Single_|
||2009|align="left"|"28,000 Friends"|style="text-align:center;"|96|style="text-align:center;"|32||_Eoghan Quigg_|
|colspan="22" style="text-align:center;"|<small>"—" denotes that the release _did not chart_ or was not released in that territory</small>|||||||||

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Eoghan Quigg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Eoghan Karl Christopher Quigg
- **birth place**: Dungiven, Northern Ireland
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop, Disco
- **occupation**: Singer, actor
- **years active**: 2008–9, 2012–present
- **instrument**: Vocal
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA (2008–2009)
- **associated acts**: List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 5), _The X Factor_ Finalists 2008
Imhotep

**Imhotep** was a high priest and a doctor in ancient Egypt. Imhotep also became famous as an architect.  Imhotep was the architect, physician, scribe, and  chief advisor of the 3rd-Dynasty pharaoh Djoser.  He was later worshipped as a god.  As a god, he was often pictured seated, wearing a long kilt robe and a skull cap or a shaven head. He had a papyrus scroll spread on his lap to show he was a scribe and a scholar.

## Step pyramid

As an architect, Imhotep was most famous because he was the designer of the step pyramid at Sakkara.  Before the step pyramid, pharaohs were buried in flat topped buildings called mastabas. The term mastaba comes from the word meaning bench, because they look like the benches most Egyptians placed outside their door. An average mastaba had four walls, a flat top and an underground burial chamber, reached by a vertical shaft or stairwell.The step pyramid was actually just a number of mastabas placed one on top of the other, each one smaller than the previous one.  There were also a couple of small rooms above the burial chambers with items for the afterlife.

## Medical writer

Imhotep’s best-known writings were medical scrolls. He is thought to have written the Edwin Smith papyrus. The papyrus lists 48 injuries of which 27 are head trauma, and six are spine trauma. Here’s an example for treatment of a head injury:
“Examination: If thou examinest a man having a wound in his head, while his wound does not have two lips, penetrating to the bone of his skull, (but) not having a gash, thou shouldst palpate his wound (or, thou shouldst lay thy hand upon it); shouldst thou find his skull uninjured, not having a perforation; a split, or a smash in it. Treatment: Thou shouldst bind it with fresh meat the first day (and) treat afterwards with grease, honey (and) lint every day until he recovers wound in the head”

## Becoming a god

Around 100 years after his death, Imhotep was deified (made into a god). Imhotep became the god of medicine and healing. Small temples were built in honor of him. People with injuries would sleep near his temple hoping to be healed. As a god, Imhotep was also worshiped by scribes. Scribes would offer a couple drops of water as a sacrifice to him before starting to write. Because of his attachment with the god Ptah during his work at Ptah's temple, stories were spread that said that Ptah was his father.

Even when the Greeks took over Egypt in 331 B.C.E., he was identified with another deified man called Asclepius, and the Greeks continued to honor and build temples for him.

## References

- Thames and Hudson _The Complete Gods and Goddesses Of Ancient Egypt_
- Remler, Pat _Egyptian mythology A to Z_
- Tyldesly, Joyce _Egypt_
- Freeman, Charles _The Legacy of Ancient Egypt_
- Nardo, Don _Ancient Egypt_
- _Encyclopedia Britainia_

## Other websites

- http://www.touregypt.net/edwinsmithsurgical.htm
- http://www.news/egyptianmyths.net/imhotep.net
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/imhotep.shtml
Ablai Khan

**Wali-ullah Abul-Mansur Khan**, better known as **Ablai Khan** (1711–1781) was a ruler of the Kazakh Khanate, which is now in Kazakhstan. He became Khan (king) in 1736. Ablai became an orphan when he was a child. He was already famous as a warrior when he was 20 after he killed a great Dgungarian knight.

During Abilay Khan's rule, the Kazakh Khanate protected their eastern borders from Dgungarian invasion. They also had to protect their northern borders from Tatarian and Bashkirian tribes. When the Dgungarian Khanate was defeated by China, Abilay Khan defended the country from a Chinese invasion.

Ablai Khan was a diplomat and a fearless military leader. He united all Kazakh tribes into a strong country. Today, the people of Kazakhstan see him as the father of united Kazakhstan.

## Infobox (monarch)

- **name**: Ablai Khan
- **title**: Khan
- **image**: 2000 Stamp of Kazakhstan - Abylai Khan.jpg
- **caption**: Stamp from Kazakhstan featuring Ablai Khan, 2001
- **reign**: 1771–1781
- **coronation**: 1771
- **full name**: Wali-ullah Abul-Mansur Khan
- **birth date**: 1711
- **death date**: (aged 70)
- **predecessor**: Abul-Mambet Khan
- **royal house**: Orys Khan
- **father**: Korkem Wali
- **religion**: Islam
Turkmen Alabai

**Alabay** or **Central Asian Shepherd** is a breed of big-sized dog.

It originated in Central Asia`s countries of Kazakhstan, Kirgistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan andTadzhikistan. It is a very old breed, from ancient times. This breed was originally developed for guarding sheep.

## Other websites

- Alabai USA
Liver disease

**Liver disease** is any disease affecting the liver.

## Types of liver disease

There are many forms of liver disease. Forms include:
- Wilsons disease, a disease that causes both neurological dysfunction and liver disease.
- Hepatitis, including hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, the latter two of which cause chronic liver disease including Cirrhosis.
- Primary biliary cirrhosis, a disease of unknown etiology
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma

**Hepatocellular carcinoma** is the most frequently encountered type of **liver cancer**. It is more common in those with cirrhosis of the liver. If localized to the liver and small at the time of diagnosis, it can be surgically treated. If metastatic, it may be treated with Nexavar, an oral medication approved in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation may be used in some cases.

- More information about : Hepatocellular Carcinoma

## Risk factors

- Aflatoxin exposure
- Hepatitis B or C.
- Cirrhosis
- Diabetes
Hepatoblastoma

**Hepatoblastoma** is a rare form of liver cancer occurring most frequently in children. Treatment consists of surgery and chemotherapy. If all of the cancer is removed during surgery, the prognosis is excellent, but if cancer is left behind, the prognosis is much worse.

## Infobox (medical condition (new))

- **name**: Hepatoblastoma
- **image**: Hepatoblastoma - 2 - very high mag.jpg
- **caption**: Micrograph of a hepatoblastoma. H&E stain.
1997 Pacific typhoon season

The **1997 Pacific typhoon season ** was tied with the 1965 Pacific typhoon season with many typhoons forming.
Kansas City Scouts

The **Kansas City Scouts** was a National Hockey League (NHL) team. They were an expansion (new addition) team to the league in 1974. They played two seasons in Kansas City, Missouri. While in Kansas City, they were a member of the Smythe Division.  They were named the Scouts, after a well-known statue from the city. The team then moved to Denver, Colorado, and changed their name to the Colorado Rockies. In 1982, they moved again to New Jersey, and changed their name to the New Jersey Devils.

## Standings

|Season|Games played|Games won|Games lost|Games tied|Goals for|Goals against|Points|Position in division|Playoffs|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1974–1975|80|15|54|11|184|328|41|5th of 5|Did not qualify|
|1975–1976|80|12|56|12|190|351|36|5th of 5|Did not qualify|
Monikangana Dutta

**Moni Kangana Dutta** (born September 13) is an Indian supermodel and actress represented by IMG Models.

## Modelling

She has worked for Elle, Vogue, and countless magazines and fashion shows & brands. As for Vogue, "When Vogue called me I couldn't believe it, it's every girl's dream to be on the cover, and there I was with five of the most beautiful girls in the world!!"

## Other websites

- official website
Christian Riganò

**Christian Riganò** (born 25 May 1974) is an Italian football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||rowspan="4"|Lipari||rowspan="2"|Eccellenza||25||15
|-
|1994/95||24||7
|-
|1995/96||Promozione||||
|-
|1996/97||Eccellenza||24||12
|-
|1997/98||Messina Peloro||Nazionale Dilettanti||29||3
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Igea Virtus Barcellona||rowspan="2"|Nazionale Dilettanti||22||11
|-
|1999/00||28||17
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Taranto||Serie C2||31||14
|-
|2001/02||Serie C1||33||27
|-
|2002/03||Florentia Viola||Serie C2||32||30
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Fiorentina||Serie B||44||23
|-
|2004/05||Serie A||18||4
|-
|2005/06||Empoli||Serie A||33||5
|-
|2006/07||Messina Peloro||Serie A||27||19

|-
|2007/08||Levante||La Liga||12||3

|-
|2007/08||Siena||Serie A||17||1
|-
|2008/09||Ternana||LP Prima Divisione||5||0
|-
|2008/09||Cremonese||LP Prima Divisione||7||1
399||189
12||3
411||192
Ryuta Hara

**Ryuta Hara** (born 19 April 1981) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League|colspan=2|Cup|colspan=2|League Cup|colspan=2|Total||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2000|Nagoya Grampus Eight|J1 League|12|2|2|0|2|0|16|2|
|2001|2|1|0|0|2|0|4|1|||
|2002|18|5|3|2|2|0|23|7|||
|2003|19|1|0|0|5|0|24|1|||
|2004|Kyoto Purple Sanga|J2 League|12|0|1|2|-|13|2||
|2005|Montedio Yamagata|J2 League|36|12|0|0|-|36|12||
|2006|27|5|2|1|-|29|6||||
|2007|Shonan Bellmare|J2 League|39|11|2|1|-|41|12||
|2008|31|5|1|1|-|32|6||||
|2009|11|1|1|0|-|12|1||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ryuta Hara
原 竜太
- **fullname**: Ryuta Hara
- **birth place**: Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthyears1**: 1997–1999
- **youthclubs1**: Funabashi High School
- **years1**: 2000–2003
- **clubs1**: Nagoya Grampus, Nagoya Grampus Eight
- **caps1**: 51
- **goals1**: 9
- **years2**: 2004
- **clubs2**: Kyoto Sanga FC, Kyoto Purple Sanga
- **caps2**: 12
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 2005–2006
- **clubs3**: Montedio Yamagata
- **caps3**: 63
- **goals3**: 17
- **years4**: 2007–2009
- **clubs4**: Shonan Bellmare
- **caps4**: 81
- **goals4**: 17
- **totalcaps**: 207
- **totalgoals**: 43
David Di Michele

**David Di Michele** (born 6 January 1976) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.

## Club career statistics

|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Cisco Lodigiani||rowspan="3"|Serie C1||7||0||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|1994/95||16||0||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|1995/96||20||6||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||20||6
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Foggia||rowspan="2"|Serie B||36||6||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||36||6
|-
|1997/98||32||7||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||7
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Salernitana||Serie A||26||3||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||3
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Serie B||36||23||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||36||23
|-
|2000/01||30||14||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||30||14
|-
|2001/02||Udinese||Serie A||25||5||1||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||6
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Reggina||rowspan="2"|Serie A||34||7||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||34||7
|-
|2003/04||28||8||4||3||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||11
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Udinese||rowspan="2"|Serie A||37||14||6||6||colspan="2"|-||2||0||45||20
|-
|2005/06||16||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||23||3
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Città di Palermo||rowspan="2"|Serie A||19||7||4||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0||23||7
|-
|2006/07||29||9||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||1||33||10
|-
|2007/08||Torino||Serie A||25||6||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||6

|-
|2008/09||West Ham United||Premier League||30||4||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||34||4

|-
|2009/10||Torino||Serie B||18||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||4
|-
|2009/10||Lecce||Serie B||||||||||||||||||||
434||122||19||11||colspan="2"|-||12||1||465||134
30||4||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||34||4
464||126||22||11||1||0||12||1||499||138
|}

## International career statistics

|-
|2005||3||0
|-
|2006||3||0
|-
!Total||6||0
|}
Leandro Simioni

**Leandro Vilas Boas Simioni** (born 29 September 1974) is a Brazilian football player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2001||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|}

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Leandro Simioni
- **fullname**: Leandro Vilas Boas Simioni
- **birth place**: São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
- **height**: 1.85 m
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward
- **youthclubs1**: Nacional Atlético Clube (SP), Nacional (SP)
- **years1**: 1994–1995
- **clubs1**: Associação Portuguesa de Desportos, Portuguesa
- **years2**: 1996
- **clubs2**: Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba), XV de Piracicaba
- **years3**: 1996–1997
- **clubs3**: Cercle Brugge K.S.V., Cercle Brugge
- **caps3**: 14
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1997–1998
- **clubs4**: Sun Hei SC, Golden
- **years5**: 1998–1999
- **clubs5**: Sai Kung Friends, Sai Kung
- **caps5**: ?
- **goals5**: 16
- **years6**: 1999–2000
- **clubs6**: Yee Hope FC, Yee Hope
- **caps6**: ?
- **goals6**: 13
- **years7**: 2001
- **clubs7**: Yokohama F. Marinos
- **caps7**: 3
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 2002
- **clubs8**: Esporte Clube Bahia, Bahia
- **years9**: 2002
- **clubs9**: Santa Cruz Futebol Clube, Santa Cruz
- **years10**: 2003
- **clubs10**: Sport Club Paulista, Paulista de Campo Limpo Paulista
- **years11**: 2003–2005
- **clubs11**: Rot-Weiß Oberhausen
- **caps11**: 43
- **goals11**: 6
- **years12**: 2007
- **clubs12**: Bandeirante Esporte Clube, Bandeirante
- **caps12**: 0
- **goals12**: 0
- **years13**: 2007–2008
- **clubs13**: Bnei Sakhnin F.C., Bnei Sakhnin
- **caps13**: 3
- **goals13**: 0
- **years14**: 2008–2009
- **clubs14**: Hapoel Be'er Sheva F.C., Hapoel Be'er Sheva
- **caps14**: 38
- **goals14**: 13
- **years15**: 2010
- **clubs15**: Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam F.C., Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam
- **years16**: 2010
- **clubs16**: União da Vila Sá Futebol Clube, União da Vila Sá
Goran Jurić

**Goran Jurić** (born 5 February 1963) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Yugoslavia national team and Croatia national team.

### Club

|colspan=3|Club performance|colspan=2|League||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1982–83|Velež Mostar|First League|11|0|
|1983–84|32|1|||
|1984–85|32|0|||
|1985–86|30|0|||
|1986–87|25|0|||
|1987–88|Red Star Belgrade|First League|23|0|
|1988–89|26|0|||
|1989–90|21|0|||
|1990–91|8|0|||
|1990–91|Celta Vigo|Segunda División|14|0|
|1991–92|30|1|||
|1992–93|La Liga|32|0||
|1995–96|Croatia Zagreb|Prva HNL|1|0|
|1995–96|Hrvatski Dragovoljac|Prva HNL|9|0|
|1996–97|Zagreb|Prva HNL|10|0|
|1996–97|Croatia Zagreb|Prva HNL|15|0|
|1997–98|23|0|||
|1998–99|25|0|||
|1999–2000|21|0|||
|2000|Yokohama F. Marinos|J1 League|9|0|
|2000–01|Zagreb|Prva HNL|5|0|

### International

- Source:
|Year|Apps|Goals|
| --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="3"|Yugoslavia national team||
|1988|3|0|
|1989|1|0|

|Year|Apps|Goals|
| --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="3"|Croatia national team||
|1997|8|0|
|1998|3|0|
|1999|5|0|

### Club

**Velež Mostar**
- Yugoslav Cup: 1985–86

**Red Star Belgrade**
- Yugoslav First League: 1987–88, 1989–90, 1990–91
- Yugoslav Cup: 1989–90
- European Cup: 1990-91

**Celta de Vigo**
- Segunda División: 1991–92

**Dinamo Zagreb**
- Croatian First League: 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000
- Croatian Cup: 1996–97, 1997–98

### Individual

**Croatia**
- FIFA World Cup Third place: 1998

### Orders

- Order of the Croatian Interlace - 1998

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Goran Jurić
- **fullname**: Goran Jurić
- **birth place**: Mostar, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia
- **height**: 1.78 m
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **years1**: 1982–1987
- **clubs1**: FK Velež Mostar, Velež Mostar
- **caps1**: 130
- **goals1**: 1
- **years2**: 1987–1991
- **clubs2**: Red Star Belgrade
- **caps2**: 78
- **goals2**: 0
- **years3**: 1991–1993
- **clubs3**: Celta de Vigo, Celta Vigo
- **caps3**: 76
- **goals3**: 1
- **years4**: 1993–2000
- **clubs4**: GNK Dinamo Zagreb, Croatia Zagreb
- **caps4**: 84
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 1995–1996
- **clubs5**: → NK Hrvatski Dragovoljac, Hrvatski Dragovoljac (loan)
- **caps5**: 9
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 1996
- **clubs6**: → NK Zagreb (loan)
- **caps6**: 10
- **goals6**: 0
- **years7**: 2000–2001
- **clubs7**: Yokohama F. Marinos
- **caps7**: 13
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 2001
- **clubs8**: NK Zagreb
- **caps8**: 5
- **goals8**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 406
- **totalgoals**: 2
- **nationalyears1**: 1988–1989
- **nationalteam1**: Yugoslavia national football team, Yugoslavia
- **nationalcaps1**: 4
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1997–1999
- **nationalteam2**: Croatia national football team, Croatia
- **nationalcaps2**: 16
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
Diamondback rattlesnake

The **diamondback rattlesnake** is a very poisonous rattlesnake. Diamondbacks are found from Florida to California. The bite from a big rattlesnake can hold enough poison to kill a person. However, if the victim gets to a doctor quickly enough, he or she can usually survive. People who spend time in regions where diamondback rattlesnakes live should take a few precautions. People must be especially careful around caves. Rattlesnakes sometimes hibernate in caves during cool weather. People can listen carefully for its unusual rattling noise, to know where it is hiding.
Hiroshi Jofuku

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an football player and coach.
Jun Ando

is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football or soccer player.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="6"|Kyoto Sanga||J. League 2||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||15||1||2||1||0||0||17||2
|-
|2009||32||1||1||0||3||0||36||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
|-
|2011||||||||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||||||
52||2||4||1||3||0||59||3
52||2||4||1||3||0||59||3
|}
Junya Hosokawa

**Junya Hosokawa** (born 24 June 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Mito HollyHock.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2007||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2008||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2010||J. League 1||||||||||||||||
6||0||1||0||0||0||7||0
6||0||1||0||0||0||7||0
|}

## References

- Vegalta Sendai
Koki Otani

**Koki Otani** (born 8 April 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Urawa Red Diamonds.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|}

## References

- Urawa Red Diamonds
Carambola

**Carambola** (_Averrhoa carambola_), also known as **star fruit**, is a tropical fruit. The fruit grows on trees that are native to India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Star fruit is common in the south of Asia, Australia and all of the islands around Australia. The tree is also grown in tropic islands.

## Origins and distribution

The carambola has been growing in parts of Asia for hundreds of years. It may have first been in Sri Lanka and Moluccas. Malaysia grows the most carambola in the world and it also grows in Bangladesh.
Because of insects and disease, whole carambolas cannot be taken into the USA.  In the USA, star fruit is grown in Florida, Texas, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, California, Texas, Arizona, Puerto Rico and Hawaii.

## Taste

Star fruit tastes best ripe (yellow with a little green). It will also be brown on the five edges and feel hard. If the star fruit is overripe it will be yellow with brown spots. You can eat all of the fruit, even the skin. It is sweet and very juicy. The taste is a little bit like a subtle mix of papaya, orange and grapefruit.

## Cultivation

The Carambola is a tropical fruit. In Northern India, it grows up to 4,000 feet in elevation. It prefers a total exposure to the sun but requires high humidity and a total of 70 inches or more of rainfall a year. It requires good drainage of the soil.

Carambola trees are planted 20 feet or more from each other. They grow fast and makes fruit when they are four or five years old. The rain during Spring makes the amount of fruit lower. In perfect conditions, Carambola can make from 200 to 400 pounds of fruit a year. The fruit is picked mainly during the months of June, July, and August.

Major pests are fruit flies, ants, and birds.  In the United States, they are also vulnerable to frosts.
Kota Ogi

**Kota Ogi** (born 5 May 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Ventforet Kofu.

## Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="6"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2006||J. League 2||45||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||45||0
|-
|2007||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2007||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2008||Tokyo||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||44||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||44||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
90||0||1||0||2||0||93||0
90||0||1||0||2||0||93||0
|}

## References

- Ventforet Kofu
Skardu District

**Skardu District** is part of Baltistan and currently constitutes one of the seven districts of the Gilgit Baltistan territory (formerly Northern Areas) of Pakistan.

## Tehsils

- Kharmang Tehsil
- Gultari Tehsil
- Rondu Tehsil
- Shigar Tehsil
Astore District

**Astore** is one of the six districts of Gilgit Baltistan. The district contains the Astore Valley and is bounded to the west by Diamir District (from which it was separated in 2004).
Katra, Jammu and Kashmir

**Katra** () is a town and a notified area committee in Udhampur District of the disputed territory of Kashmir.
Nowshera, Jammu and Kashmir

**Nowshera** (, meaning: _New City_) is a town and a notified area committee in Rajouri District in Jammu and Kashmir.

## Demographics

India census, The total population of Nowshera town is 8,435.The town comprises 1500 houses and 225 shops and spreads on 1144 acre of land. It is situated on the north side of the fertile valley Nowshera about 300 ft above the right bank of Tawi river. The town is 124 km from Jammu and 45 km from Rajouri. It is tehsil headquarters and growth center of district. Presently, Nowshera tehsil comprises 58 villages. The total population of tehsil is about 62,000. Out of which more than 50% population is living below poverty line. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Nowshera has an average literacy rate of 79%, higher than the national average of 68% : male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 76%. In Nowshera, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Religious places in Nowshera are Mangla Devi Mandir, Mangla Mata Mandir, Ancient Jamia Masjid, Central Gurdwara of Sikhs, Jamia-e-Nowshera Masjid, Qila Darhal and other Sufi shrines and gurdwaras among which Central Gurdwara of Sikhs is near to the city. The Hindu Mangla Mata Devi Mandir is located near the border which reveres the local ancient Hindu deity _Mangla Mata_. The Jamia Masjid is also located in the centre of the city.
Kalakote

**Kalakote** is a town in Rajouri District of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Kalakote
- **settlement type**: town
- **image skyline**: File:Kalakote.jpg
- **image caption**: View of Kalakote
- **pushpin map**: India Jammu and Kashmir#India
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States and union territories of India, Union Territory
- **subdivision name1**: Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Rajouri District, Rajouri
- **government type**: Democratic
- **governing body**: M•C• Kalakote
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 413
- **population total**: 72,667
- **population as of**: 2011
- **population density km2**: auto
- **demographics type1**: Languages
- **demographics1 title1**: Official
- **demographics1 info1**: Urdu
- **demographics1 title2**: Spoken
- **demographics1 info2**: Urdu, Hindi, Dogri, Gujari, Pahari language, Pahari & English language, English
- **demographics type2**: Demographics
- **demographics2 title1**: Literacy
- **demographics2 info1**: 59.13%
- **demographics2 title2**: Sex ratio
- **demographics2 info2**: 919
- **leader title1**: Vidhan Sabha Seats
- **leader name1**: 1 Seat of Kalakote
- **timezone1**: Indian Standard Time, IST
- **utc offset1**: +5:30
- **postal code type**: Postal Index Number, PIN
- **postal code**: 185202
- **registration plate**: JK11
- **website**: https://rajouri.nic.in/
Hawthorne, California

**Hawthorne** is a city in Los Angeles County, California. Its population is 88,083 as of 2020. The area was first settled by the Shoshonian Indians during the 1500s.

## Famous residents

Marilyn Monroe lived in Hawthorne until she was six. The Beach Boys members Brian Wilson, Carl Wilson, and Dennis Wilson grew up there. George Harrison's second wife, Olivia Harrison graduated from Hawthorne High School.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Hawthorne, California
- **settlement type**: List of municipalities in California, City
- **image seal**: Coat of arms of Hawthorne, California.jpg
- **image blank emblem**: Coat of arms of Hawthorne, California.png
- **motto**: "City of Good Neighbors"
- **image map**: File:Los Angeles County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Hawthorne Highlighted 0632548.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Hawthorne in Los Angeles County, California.
- **pushpin map**: Los Angeles#California#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the United States
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in California, County
- **subdivision name2**: Los Angeles County, California, Los Angeles
- **established title3**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date3**: July 12, 1922
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 15.80
- **area total sq mi**: 6.10
- **area land km2**: 15.77
- **area land sq mi**: 6.09
- **area water km2**: 0.03
- **area water sq mi**: 0.01
- **area water percent**: 0.18
- **elevation m**: 22
- **elevation ft**: 72
- **population total**: 88083
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population rank**: List of largest California cities by population, 92nd in California
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 90250 and 90251
- **area code**: Area codes 310 and 424, 310/424, Area code 213, 213/Area code 323, 323
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area codes
- **pushpin label**: Hawthorne
- **government type**: Council-Manager
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Alex Vargas
- **leader title3**: City Manager
- **leader name3**: Vontray (Von) Norris
- **named for**: Nathaniel Hawthorne
- **timezone**: Pacific Time Zone
- **utc offset**: −8
- **timezone dst**: Pacific Daylight Time, PDT
- **utc offset dst**: −7
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature IDs
- **blank1 info**: ,
- **population density sq mi**: auto
Choa Rajgan

**Choa Rajgan** is a village near Sarai Alamgir in Pakistan. Over 1000 people live there.

The shrine of Baba Sain Alif is in this village. The village is about 6 km away from Sarai Alamgir.
Langston University

**Langston University** is an university in Langston, Oklahoma, USA. It is the only historically black college in the state.  It is the westernmost historically black college in the United States. Though in a rural setting just 10 miles east of Guthrie, Langston also serves an urban mission with University Centers in both Tulsa and Oklahoma City.

## History

The school was started in 1897.  The school was first known as the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University. Langston University was created because of the second Morrill Act in 1890. The law made it so that states with land grant colleges (such as Oklahoma State University, then Oklahoma A&M) had to either allow African-Americans in as students, or provide an alternative school for them to attend.  This was required in order to receive federal money. Langston University is named for John Mercer Langston (1829-1897).  He was a civil rights pioneer.  He was the first African American member of Congress from Virginia.  Langston started the Howard University Law School.  He also served as American consul-general to Haiti.

Poet Melvin B. Tolson taught at Langston from 1947 until 1964.  Tolson was portrayed by Denzel Washington in the film _The Great Debaters_.

## Academics

The University offers associate's, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in a variety of disciplines. It is known as a leader in the field of agricultural research.  It hosts the internationally known E (Kika) de la Garza Institute for Goat Research. The School currently has an open doors admissions policy.

The university was accredited with a Doctorate of Physical Therapy program in 2005.

## Student activities

The student life at Langston University got the attention of BET and the second season of the reality television show College Hill was filmed there. The Langston University Quiz Bowl team won games against Spelman and an all-star team from the City Colleges of Chicago on the 2009 nationally televised "Black College Quiz" show airing nationally throughout Black History Month in 2009 to make the championship game.

## Other websites

- www.lunet.edu  Official web site
- Oklahoma Higher Education Institution Fact Sheet
- LUoldschool.com
- John Mercer Langston
- E (Kika) de la Garza Institute for Goat Research

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Langston University
- **caption**: Langston University seal
- **motto**: _Education for Service_
- **type**: Public university, Public
Land-grant colleges, Land-grant
Historically black colleges and universities, HBCU
- **president**: JoAnn W. Haysbert
- **students**: 3,922
- **city**: Langston, Oklahoma, Langston
- **state**: Oklahoma
- **country**:
United States
- **campus**: Rural
- **former names**: Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University
- **colors**: Navy Blue and Orange (color), Orange

- **nickname**: Lions
- **athletics**: National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics, NAIA
- **affiliations**: Red River Athletic Conference
- **website**: [http://www.lunet.edu/ www.lunet.edu]
Marques Haynes

**Marques Haynes** (March 10, 1926 – May 22, 2015) was an American professional basketball player. He was a member of the Harlem Globetrotters.  He is known for his ability to dribble the ball and keep it away from defenders. According to the movie _Harlem Globetrotters: Six Decades of Magic_, Haynes could dribble the ball as many as six times a second.

## Early playing days

Haynes learned to dribble the basketball from his sisters.  His skills may have been helped by handling the ball on the dirt courts of his hometown. A native of Sand Springs, Oklahoma, he played basketball for Langston University from 1942-1946. While at Langston, he once dribbled out the clock in a conference tournament game to taunt an opponent, Southern University. Southern had just run up the score against a weaker team (Sam Huston College, later Huston-Tillotson University). The Sam Huston team was coached by a young Jackie Robinson.  Haynes' own coach, the famous Zip Gayles, punished him for the taunting, but it helped draw the attention of the Globetrotters. They were always on the search for trick ballhandlers. Langston was invited to play an exhibition game against the Globetrotters in Oklahoma City. In that game, Haynes led Langston to a 4-point win. He was immediately invited to join the Globetrotters. He returned to Langston to complete his degree. Then he began his long professional career.

## Playing with the Harlem Globetrotters

Haynes played with the Globetrotters from 1947-1953. Upon leaving in 1953, he turned down a $35,000 a year offer from the Philadelphia Warriors that would have made him the second-highest paid player in the NBA. Instead, he started his own barnstorming team, the Harlem Magicians. Boxing legend Sugar Ray Robinson sometimes played games with this team. Haynes later rejoined the Globetrotters as a player/coach. He also played for the Harlem Wizards.

## Retirement

He retired in 1992 after a 46-year professional career, and was inducted to the Basketball Hall of Fame on October 2 1998. He lived in Dallas, Texas. Haynes died on May 22, 2015, in Plano, Texas, aged 89.

## Legacy

Many consider him the top ballhandler who ever lived. His game influenced players such as Bob Cousy, Pete Maravich, and Fred "Curly" Neal. It is possible that Haynes has played more professional basketball games than anyone in history, staying active well into his sixties.
Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award

The **Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award** (**MVP**) is a Major League Baseball (MLB) award given each year to one outstanding player in the American and National Leagues. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA). The winner receives the Kenesaw Mountain Landis Memorial Baseball Award.  The award is named in honor of the first MLB commissioner. Landis served from 1920 to 1944. MVP voting takes place before the postseason. The results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began asking three writers in each league city in 1938. They made that number two per league city in 1961.

First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders.  This is followed by second basemen (16), third basemen (15), and shortstops (15). Of the twenty-four pitchers who have won the award, fifteen are right-handed while nine are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the only pitchers to win more than once. Newhouser won his in back-to-back seasons, 1944 and 1945.Hank Greenberg, Stan Musial, Alex Rodriguez, and Robin Yount have won at different positions. Rodriguez is the only player to win the award with two different teams at two different positions. Barry Bonds has won the most often (seven times). He has also won it the most times in a row (2001–2004). Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win more than once. Nine players have won three times and 19 have won twice.
Silver medal

A **silver medal** is a medal given to the second place finisher of contests (usually sports competitions) such as the Olympic Games or Commonwealth Games.  First and third place finishers usually receive a gold medal and bronze medal, respectively.

## Olympic Games

In 1896, winners' medals were made from silver. The custom of gold-silver-bronze for the first three places dates from the 1904 games. It has been copied for many other sports events. Creating the medals is the responsibility of the host city. From 1928-1968 the design was always the same. One side showed a design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli with text giving the host city. The other side showed another design of an Olympic champion. From 1972-2000, Cassioli's design (or a slight reworking) remained on the one with a custom design by the host city on the other. Because Cassioli's design showed a Roman amphitheatre for what was originally a Greek games, a new design was create for the Athens 2004 Games. Winter Olympics medals have been of more varied design.

## The Open Championship

In The Open Championship golf tournament, the Silver Medal is an award given to the lowest scoring amateur player at the tournament.

## Other websites

- Medal Designs for all Olympic Games
Cáhuil

**Cáhuil** is a Chilean village. It is 15 kilometers south of Pichilemu, in the outfall of the Nilahue lake, in the Region of O'Higgins. __ means in Mapudungun language "seagulls place". The main characteristic of the place is the crafty production of _coastal salt_, oysters and choros. The Cáhuil Lagoon is a place suitable for fishing, swimming and boat travels.

## Salines

The salines in this area are very old. It is known that the indigenous people extracted it in a very rudimentary way. However, the extracting method has been improved and the production has increased. As of 1978, more than a 60% of the people of Cáhuil lived around the salt production, production not related to industrial enterprises.

In a way to promote the tourism in Cáhuil, the Municipality of Pichilemu created the "Salt Route", that takes the tourists into places where the salt generation process is done. This travel starts in Pichilemu and includes Cáhuil, Barrancas, La Villa, El Bronce, La Palmilla and La Plaza. On this route are two rural ranches, "Oro Blanco" and "El Bronce".

## Fauna

In the Cáhuil zone are at least 46 birds species. Many of the species are in danger of extinction. Some of them are the coscoroba swan, larus maculipennis, garza cuca, among others. It hosts at least seven silvester ducks species.

## Other websites

- Los Trazados de la Sal - Salinas de Cahuil, VI Región
Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards

**Agustín Ross High School**, **Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards** or just **L.A.R.E.** is a Chilean public high school located in the coastal town of Pichilemu. It is named after Agustín Ross Edwards, a Chilean politician and known by his works in the city.

The High School was created in 1979. It currently has 2 buildings. Has 562 students and 39 teachers. The education area of the High School is Humanistic Scientifical, Technical-Professional and Adult Education. As of 1998, the High School started using the Complete Scholar Journey ().

## References

- Acerca del Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards

## Other websites

- Official website of the Agustín Ross High School

## Infobox (school)

- **image**: Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards, April 2011.jpg
- **name**: Agustín Ross High School
<small>_Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards_</small>
- **established**: 1979
- **type**: Public Secondary
- **principal**: Juan Antonio Farías Catalán
- **students**: 562
- **location**: Pichilemu, Chile
- **website**: http://www.lare.cl
Ruminant

A **ruminant** is an ungulate that ferments plant-based food, such as grass, in a specialized stomach prior to digesting the food.

Ruminating mammals include cattle, goats, sheep, giraffes, bison, yaks, water buffalo, deer, camels, alpacas, llamas, wildebeest, antelope, pronghorn, and nilgai. All of them are Artiodactyl<nowiki/>a, cloven-hoofed animals.

The word "ruminant" comes from the Latin word _ruminare_ which means "to chew over again". They have a more complex digestive system than other herbivores. Digestion of food is always done mainly by microorganisms, and in ruminants it is digested twice.

An example of a grass-eater which is _not_ a ruminant is the horse. Horse excrement leaves the work of digestion half-done. This is very obvious to see in comparison to that of a ruminant.

## How rumination works

Rumination works by chewing and swallowing in the normal way to begin with, and then regurgitating the semi-digested **cud** to re-chew it and to get the most food value out of it.

Rumination makes the half-digested food particles smaller, before they can go through the process of digestion.

### Details

The primary difference between a ruminant and non-ruminants (such as people, horses, and pigs) is that ruminants have a four-compartment stomach.

The four parts of the stomach are the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. In the first two chambers, the rumen and the reticulum, the food is mixed with saliva and separates into layers of solid and liquid material. Solids clump together to form the cud or bolus.

The cud is then regurgitated (brought up to the mouth) and chewed slowly. Fiber, especially cellulose, is broken down by microbial gut flora (bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi).

Even though the rumen and reticulum have different names, they are the same functional space, as the digesta (food material) can move back and forth between them.

The digesta then passes into the next chamber, the omasum, where water and many of the mineral elements are absorbed into the blood stream.

After this the digesta is moved to the true stomach, the abomasum. Digestion takes place here.

The digesta is finally moved into the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed. Water is absorbed in the large intestine, leaving the waste.

Almost all the glucose produced by breaking down cellulose is used by microbes in the rumen, and so ruminants get little glucose from the small intestine. Instead, glucose for a ruminants' brain function and lactation, if needed, is made by the liver.

## Where ruminants are found

There are 3.5 billion domestic ruminants, with about 95% being cattle, goats and sheep.

There are also about 75 million wild ruminants. They can be found anywhere except for the continents Australia and Antarctica. Most of them are in Europe, Africa and Asia.
Renault Tracer

The **Renault Tracer** was a bus produced by Renault from 1991 to 2001.

The FR1 has a 9.8 litre 6-cylinder turbo diesel engine with 186 kW/253 hp.

In 2001, the Tracer were replaced by the Irisbus Arés.