juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Acerola

**Acerola** _(Malpighia emarginata),_ also known as **Guarani cherry**, **Barbados Cherry**, **West Indian Cherry**, or **Wild Crepe Myrtle** is a red fruit that looks a lot like a cherry. The Acerola plants are Evergreen tropical shrubs that originated in Yucatán but can be found as far north as Texas as well as in subtropical areas of Asia.

## Benefits

There is one reported and scientifically proven benefit from consumption of Acerola fruits. One thing that is often brought up is the very high Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) content, which is proven to have a beneficial effects on skin, hair, and immune health as well as preventing scurvy.

## Other websites

Growth Range Source

Benefits Source
Captains Courageous (movie)

***Captains Courageous*** is a 1937 American adventure movie directed by Victor Fleming and was based on the 1897 novel of the same name by Rudyard Kipling. It stars Spencer Tracy, Freddie Bartholomew, Lionel Barrymore, Melvyn Douglas, Mickey Rooney, John Carradine, Oscar O'Shea and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 4 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1938.
John Tyndall

**John Tyndall** FRS 2 August 1820 – 4 December 1893) was an important 19th-century Irish physicist. He studied diamagnetism. Later he made discoveries about infrared radiation and the physical properties of the air. In 1859 he proved the connection between atmospheric CO and what is now known as the greenhouse effect.

Tyndall also published more than a dozen science books which brought state-of-the-art 19th century experimental physics to a wide audience. From 1853 to 1887 he was professor of physics at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: John Tyndall
- **image**: JohnTyndall(1820-1893),Engraving,SIL14-T003-09a_cropped.jpg
- **birth place**: Leighlinbridge, County Carlow, Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, UK
- **death date**: (aged 73)
- **death place**: Haslemere, Surrey, England, UK
- **nationality**: Irish
- **field**: Physics, chemistry
- **work institution**: Royal Institution of Great Britain
- **alma mater**: University of Marburg
- **known for**: Atmosphere, physics,
 Tyndall effect, diamagnetism,
infrared radiation, Tyndallization
- **prizes**: Royal Medal
Rumford Medal
- **signature**: JohnTyndallSignature.png
Cameo Kirby (1923 movie)

***Cameo Kirby*** is a 1923 American drama movie directed by John Ford and is the second version of the 1909 play of the same name by Booth Tarkington and Harry Leon Wilson. It stars John Gilbert, Gertrude Olmstead, Alan Hale Sr., Eric Mayne, Jean Arthur and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Szczecin-Dąbie Airstrip

**Szczecin-Dąbie Airstrip** is a small airstrip on right side of the river in Szczecin (Poland) in Dąbie. It was built on grass in 1921. During the Third Reich, there were a lot of domestic flights from this airport. After World War II to 23 May 1967, when the airport was moved to Goleniów, it was the main airport of Szczecin, where LOT Polish Airlines has their flights. Now it is a sport airstrip for small airplanes.
Bert Newton

**Albert Watson Newton**  (23 July 1938 – 30 October 2021) was an Australian media personality. He was a member of the Logie Hall of Fame as a four-time Gold Logie award-winning entertainer and radio, theatre and television presenter. He hosted shows such as _In Melbourne Tonight_, _New Faces_, _Good Morning Australia_, _20 to 1_ and _Bert's Family Feud_.

Newton was born in Fitzroy, Victoria. He was married to Patti Newton (_née_ McGrath). The couple had two children, actor Matthew and TV personality Lauren.

Newton died on 30 October 2021, aged 83.
Antinatalism

**Antinatalism**, or **anti-natalism**, is a philosophical stance and social movement that gives a negative value to starting life. Antinatalists argue that humans (and sometimes other sentient beings) should stop making kids because it is morally bad. People who believe that making kids is morally good are called natalists. The term antinatalism was likely used for the first time by Belgian author Théophile de Giraud in his book _L'art de guillotiner les procréateurs: Manifeste anti-nataliste_. South African philosopher David Benatar has also published books in support of antinatalism.

## Arguments

**Negative utilitarianism** is the idea that stopping pain is more important than making people happy. This makes it different from utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the idea that people should do the most useful thing. The most useful thing in utilitarianism is making people happy. People who believe in negative utilitarianism idea say that making happiness is not needed. Since life has bad things, it is not worth starting. Some supporters of this idea argue that the worst pains in life do not make up for the best moments. This makes life not worth starting because it is too risky. There are also significant costs to the environment for every new child.

**Realism** can support antinatalism. This is because supporters of the idea have evidence showing that most people have an optimism bias. This means that they see the world as better than it actually is.

**Religion** can support antinatalism. This is because some religious sects (groups) believe creating life traps souls in a bad world. The Manichaeans, the Bogomils, and the Cathars are some of these groups that believe in the idea. Others include the Marcionites, and the Encratites.

## Related pages

- Abortion
- Childfree
- Emil Cioran
- Misanthropy
- Pessimism
- Right to die
- Ethics
- _Ecclesiastes_ (Chapter 4)
Heptene

**Heptene** is an alkene with a molecular formula C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>14</sub>. The prefix "hept" is derived from the fact that there are 7 carbon atoms in the molecule, while the "-ene" suffix denotes that there is an alkene present—two carbon atoms are connected via a double bond.
Pilatus (mountain)

**Pilatus**, also often referred to as **Mount Pilatus**, is a 2,129 metre high mountain overlooking Lucerne in Central Switzerland. It is on the border between the cantons of Lucerne, Nidwalden and Obwalden. The Pilatusbahn brings people close to the summit of the mountain at 2,073 metres and is the steepest cogwheel railway in the world.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Pilatus
- **native name lang**: de
- **topo map**: Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo
- **photo**: Luzern - Mount Pilatus - March 2019 (01).jpg
- **photo size**: 285
- **photo caption**: Pilatus above Lake Lucerne
- **elevation m**: 2128.5
- **prominence m**: 585
- **isolation km**: 16.7
- **highest**: Tomlishorn
- **parent peak**: Brienzer Rothorn
- **map**: Switzerland
- **map caption**: Location in Switzerland
- **subdivision2 type**: Cantons
- **country**: Switzerland
- **parent**: Emmental Alps
- **first ascent**: 14th century
- **easiest route**: Pilatus Railway (world's steepest cogwheel railway)
Artemije Radosavljević

**Artemije Radosavljević** (; 15 January 193521 November 2020) was a Serbian Orthodox bishop. He was the head of the Eparchy of Raška and Prizren from 1991 until 2010.

Bishop Artemije was born as **Marko Radosavljević** in the village of Lelić

Artemije died on 21 November 2020 from COVID-19 in Valjevo, Serbia at the age of 85.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **honorific-prefix**: Grace (style), His Grace
- **name**: Artemije Radosavljević
- **image**: Артемије Радосављевић.jpg
- **image size**: 215px
- **caption**: Bishop Artemije in Sremski Karlovci in 2009
- **honorific-suffix**: PhD, PhD, Th.D
- **title**: Bishop
- **church**: Serbian Orthodox Church
- **diocese**: Eparchy of Raška and Prizren
- **enthroned**: 1991
- **retired**: 2010
- **predecessor**: Pavle, Serbian Patriarch, Pavle (Stojčević)
- **successor**: Teodosije Šibalić, Teodosije (Šibalić)
- **birth name**: Marko Radosavljević
- **birth place**: Lelić, Kingdom of Yugoslavia
- **death place**: Valjevo, Serbia
- **nationality**: Serbian
- **religion**: Eastern Orthodoxy
- **alma mater**: University of Belgrade
Hispanic and Latino Americans

**Hispanic and Latino Americans** are Americans who are descendants of people from Latin America and Spain.
Gylfi Einarsson

**Gylfi Einarsson** (born 27 October 1978, in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic football player.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Gylfi Einarsson
- **caps4**: 43
- **caps1**: 54
- **goals1**: 18
- **caps2**: 83
- **goals2**: 16
- **caps3**: 21
- **goals3**: 1
- **goals4**: 4
- **clubs4**: SK Brann, Brann
- **caps5**: 14
- **goals5**: 1
- **pcupdate**: 11 January 2012
- **nationalyears1**: 2000–2005
- **nationalteam1**: Iceland national football team, Iceland
- **nationalcaps1**: 24
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
- **clubs5**: Fylkir
- **clubs3**: Leeds United F.C., Leeds
- **position**: Midfielder
- **birth place**: Reykjavík, Iceland
- **clubs2**: Lillestrøm SK, Lillestrøm
- **youthclubs1**: Fylkir
- **years1**: 1996–2000
- **years2**: 2000–2004
- **years3**: 2004–2007
- **years4**: 2008–2010
- **years5**: 2011
- **clubs1**: Fylkir
- **ntupdate**: 11 January 2012
Rance Allen

**Rance Allen** (November 19, 1948 – October 31, 2020) was an American Bishop, Minister, and gospel singer. He was the founder and leader of the Rance Allen Group.

He was the senior pastor of the New Bethel Church Of God In Christ in Toledo, Ohio. In November 2011, Allen became Bishop in the Church of God in Christ, for the Michigan Northwestern Harvest Jurisdiction.

Allen was born in Monroe, Michigan.

Allen died on October 31, 2020 from surgery-related problems, aged 71.
Roku

**Roku** ( ) is a digital media players brand manufactured by American company Roku, Inc.. It allows streaming of videos. It also have its own channel called Roku Channel. On August 8, 2018, The Roku Channel became available on the web as well. Roku also added the "Featured Free" section in which users can get access to direct streaming of shows and movies from its partners.

## Infobox (information appliance)

- **name**: Roku
- **logo**: Roku logo.svg
- **developer**: Roku, Inc.
- **type**: Digital media player
- **os**: Roku OS
- **release date**: May 20, 2008;12 years ago
Chromecast

**Chromecast** is a digital media player from Google. It plugs into the HDMI port on a TV. The Chromecast shows content from a smartphone, tablet, or PC on the TV.

The Chromecast has an HDMI plug, and a micro-USB port. Power comes from a USB port on a TV or from the included power adapter.

Chromecast needs both Wi-Fi and a phone, computer, tablet, etc. to work. Many apps support Chromecast, such as Spotify, Youtube, Viaplay, Netflix, Dplay, Disney+, HBO, and Hulu.

There is also a newer Chromecast with Google TV a USB-C port instead of micro-USB. It has up to 4K resolution.
Amazon Fire TV

**Amazon Fire TV** (formerly stylized as **amazon fireTV**) is a type of digital media player and microconsoles developed by Amazon. Dan Seifert from The Verge reviewed Fire TV on April 4, 2014. He gives a 8.8/10 rating and praised its functionality and future potential.

## Infobox (information appliance)

- **name**: Amazon Fire TV
- **logo**: Amazon Fire TV 2024.svg
- **image**: File:Amazon Fire TV with remote.JPG
- **caption**: Amazon Fire TV with remote (first generation)
- **developer**: Amazon (company), Amazon
- **manufacturer**: Foxconn
- **type**: Digital media player, microconsole
- **os**: Fire OS 5 "Bellini"
- **power**: 5.5 mm Direct current, DC (6.25 V 2.5 A power adapter)
- **soc**: Qualcomm Qualcomm Snapdragon, Snapdragon 600 APQ8064T
MediaTek MT8173C (2nd Gen)
- **cpu**: Qualcomm Krait (CPU), Krait 300, Multi-core processor, quad-core up to 1.7 GHz (1st generation)
dual-core ARM Cortex-A72 up to 2 GHz and dual-core ARM Cortex-A53 up to 1.573 GHz (2nd generation)
- **memory**: 2 GB LPDDR2 Random-access memory, RAM
- **storage**: 8 GB internal
- **display**: 1080p and 4K resolution, 4K
- **graphics**: Qualcomm Adreno 320 (1st Gen)
PowerVR PowerVR#Series6XT .28Rogue.29 2, GX6250 (2nd Gen)
- **sound**: Dolby Digital Plus 7.1 surround sound
- **connectivity**: HDMI, Bluetooth 4.0, Bluetooth 4.1, USB 2.0, Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac), Fast Ethernet, 10/100 Ethernet, Fire game controller
- **currentfw**: 6.2.1.2
- **related**: Roku, Apple TV, Chromecast, Ouya
- **website**: [https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=8521791011 amazon.com]
- **title**: Amazon Fire TV
Men Without Women (movie)

***Men Without Women*** is a 1930 American action drama movie directed by John Ford and starring Kenneth MacKenna, Frank Albertson, J. Farrell MacDonald, Warren Hymer, Paul Page, Walter McGrail, Stuart Erwin, John Wayne. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Red Dust

***Red Dust*** is a 1932 American romantic drama movie directed by Victor Fleming and was based on the 1928 play of the same name by Wilson Collison. It stars Clark Gable, Jean Harlow, Mary Astor, Gene Raymond, Tully Marshall, Donald Crisp and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was remade as _Mogambo_ in 1953.
Edison, the Man

***Edison, the Man*** is a 1940 American biographical drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and is the sequel to the 1940 movie _Young Tom Edison_. It stars Spencer Tracy, Rita Johnson, Charles Coburn, Gene Lockhart, Henry Travers, Lynne Overman, Gene Reynolds, Milton Parsons and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941.
Herbert Franklin Solow

**Herbert Franklin Solow** (December 14, 1930 – November 19, 2020), professionally known as **Herb Solow**, was an American motion picture and television executive, screenwriter, motion picture and television producer, director and talent agent.

Solow joined MGM Television as vice president in charge of television production. He was in charge of producing _Medical Center_, _Then Came Bronson_ (produced by Robert H. Justman and Robert Sabaroff), and _The Courtship of Eddie's Father_. rned to Malibu, California, in 2009.

Solow died on November 19, 2020, at the age of 89.

Solow was a member of the Writers Guild of America, the Directors Guild of America and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) and served on the Foreign Film, Documentary, and Special Effects Committees of AMPAS.

## Other websites

- Herbert F. Solow web site
- Herbert H. Solow interview by Peter Anthony Holder (dated September 10, 1996)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Herbert Franklin Solow
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Television writer and Television producer, producer
Screenwriter
- **spouse**: Yvonne Fern Harrison Solow
Boys Town (1938 movie)

***Boys Town*** is a 1938 American drama movie directed by Norman Taurog and starring Spencer Tracy, Mickey Rooney, Leslie Fenton, Gene Reynolds, Edward Norris, Addison Richards, Jonathan Hale, Bobs Watson, Frankie Thomas. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1939. It was followed up by 1941 movie _Men of Boys Town_.
Fig Leaves

***Fig Leaves*** is a 1926 American comedy movie directed by Howard Hawks and starring George O'Brien, Olive Borden, Phyllis Haver, George Beranger, William Austin. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Riffraff (1936 movie)

***Riffraff*** is a 1936 American crime drama movie directed by J. Walter Ruben and starring Spencer Tracy, Jean Harlow, Una Merkel, Joseph Calleia, Victor Kilian, Mickey Ronney, Roger Imhof, Juanita Quigley. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Brereton Report

The **Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force Afghanistan Inquiry Report**, commonly known as the **Brereton Report**, is a report into war crimes done by the Australian Defence Force (ADF) during the War in Afghanistan between 2005 and 2016. The investigation was led by Major General Paul Brereton.

The report found evidence of 39 unlawful killings, mainly of civilians and prisoners, which had been covered up by ADF personnel. The report said that 25 ADF personnel were involved in the killings, including those who were "accessories" to the incident.

The unlawful killings began in 2009, with most occurring in 2012 and 2013.
Treaty on Open Skies

The **Treaty on Open Skies** began on January 1, 2002, and currently has 34 party states. It created a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants.

The treaty is designed to help create a mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants the ability to gather information about military forces and activities of concern to them.

The idea of "mutual aerial observation" was proposed to Soviet Premier Nikolai Bulganin at the Geneva Conference of 1955 by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The treaty was eventually signed as an initiative of U.S. president George H. W. Bush in 1989. The agreement was signed in Helsinki, Finland, on March 24, 1992.

The United States officially withdrew on 22 November 2020.
Llandaff

**Llandaff** is a village in Cardiff, Wales. In 2011, 8,997 people lived there.
Sharp Corporation

is a Japanese multinational corporation that designs and manufactures electronic products. It is headquartered in Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka Prefecture. Since 2016 it has been majority owned by the Taiwan-based Foxconn Group. Sharp employs more than 50,000 people worldwide.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Sharp Corporation
- **native name**: シャープ株式会社
- **native name lang**: ja
- **romanized name**: Shāpu kabushiki gaisha
- **image**: Sharp Sakai.jpg
- **image caption**: Sharp's headquarters at its factory in Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka Prefecture
- **former name**: Hayakawa Metal Works (1924–1942)
Hayakawa Electric Industry Co., Ltd. (1942–1970)
Sharp Electric Co. (spin-off) (1956–1967)
- **type**: Public company, Public Kabushiki gaisha, KK
- **logo**: Sharp logo.svg
- **foundation**:
Tokyo, Japan
- **founder**: Tokuji Hayakawa
- **location**: Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **key people**: Jeng-wu Tai
<small>(President (corporate title), President)</small>
- **revenue**: (2017)
- **operating income**: (2017)
- **net income**: (2017)
- **assets**: (2017)
- **equity**: (2017)
- **num employees**: 41,898 (2018) (Foxconn 803,126)
- **industry**: Consumer electronics
- **products**: Televisions, audiovisual, home appliances, information equipment, Integrated circuit, ICs, solar cells, mobile phones, fax machines, electronic components, calculators, LCD panels, Automated Unmanned Ground Vehicles (A-UGV)
- **owner**: Foxconn (65.93%)
Grundig

**Grundig** (; ) was a consumer electronics manufacturer owned by Arçelik A.Ş.. In 2007, Koç Holding bought Grundig. The brand is now under its home appliances subsidiary Arcelik A.Ş. Koç has more than 80,000 employees. Grundig has factories in several European cities that produces products to more than 65 countries around the world.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Grundig
- **logo**: Grundig Intermedia logo.svg
- **foundation**: 1945
- **founder**: Max Grundig
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **owner**: Koç Holding
- **parent**: Arçelik, Arçelik A.Ş.
- **industry**: Home appliances and consumer electronics
- **products**: Domestic appliances, consumer electronics, personal care
GameStop

**GameStop** is an American company that sells things like video games. The company is based in Grapevine, Texas, United States. Grapevine is a suburb of Fort Worth. Plus, it has over 5,509+ retail stores throughout the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, all around the world. This is as of February 1, 2020.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: GameStop Corp.
- **logo**: GameStop Logo.svg
- **logo size**: 250px
- **logo caption**: _Power to the Players_
- **former name**: Babbage's (1984–1999)
- **type**: Public company, Public
- **industry**: Retail
- **predecessors**: Software Etc.
Funco
- **founders**: Leonard Riggio
Daniel DeMatteo
Richard Fontaine
- **hq location city**: Grapevine, Texas, Grapevine, Texas
- **hq location country**: U.S.
- **num locations**: 5,509 (Feb. 2020)
- **key people**: Dan DeMatteo

George Sherman

- **products**: Video games
Video game console, Consoles
Video game accessory, Accessories
- **revenue**: US$6.466 billion
- **operating income**: US$ million
- **net income**: US$ million
- **assets**: US$2.82 billion
- **equity**: US$611.5 million
- **num employees**:
 (2019)
- **parent**: NeoStar Retail Group (1994–1996)
Babbage's Etc. (1996–1999)
Barnes & Noble Booksellers (1999–2004)
- **divisions**: Video Game Brands
Technology Brands
- **subsid**: Babbage's
EB Games
EB Games Australia
_Game Informer_
Geeknet
Micromania (video game retailer), Micromania
ThinkGeek
Zing Pop Culture Australia, Zing Pop Culture
Rhino Video Games
Acrophobia

**Acrophobia** is the fear of heights. People with acrophobia experience a fear or phobia when they are at a certain height, and they are being made aware of it.The word is derived from Ancient Greek akros - top, height, and phobia - fear. People who do not suffer from acrophobia are said to have a head for heights. Vertigo is often used to describe a fear of heights.

Most people experience a degree of natural fear when exposed to heights, known as the fear of falling. On the other hand, those who have little fear of such exposure are said to have a head for heights. A head for heights is advantageous for hiking or climbing in mountainous terrain and also in certain jobs such as steeplejacks or wind turbine mechanics.
Avril Haines

**Avril Danica Haines** (born August 29, 1969) is an American lawyer and politician. In January 2021, Haines became the 7th Director of National Intelligence during the Joe Biden administration.

She was the White House Deputy National Security Advisor in Barack Obama's administration. She was Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, the first woman to hold this position.

On November 23, 2020, President-elect Joe Biden announced his plans to nominate Haines for Director of National Intelligence, which would make her the first woman to hold this position. She was confirmed in a 84–10 vote on January 20, 2021. Haines is the first female National Intelligence Director in American history.

Her father was biochemist Thomas H. Haines.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Avril Haines
- **image**: Avril-Haines.jpg
- **office**: 7th Director of National Intelligence
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **deputy**: Neil Wiley
Stacey Dixon
- **term start**: January 21, 2021
- **term end**: January 20, 2025
- **predecessor**: John Ratcliffe
- **successor**: Tulsi Gabbard
- **office1**: Deputy National Security Advisor (United States), Deputy National Security Advisor
- **president1**: Barack Obama
- **term start1**: January 11, 2015
- **term end1**: January 20, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Tony Blinken
- **successor1**: K. T. McFarland
- **office2**: 4th Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
- **president2**: Barack Obama
- **term start2**: August 9, 2013
- **term end2**: January 10, 2015
- **predecessor2**: Michael Morell
- **successor2**: David S. Cohen (politician), David S. Cohen
- **birth name**: Avril Danica Haines
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: David Davighi
- **relatives**: Thomas H. Haines (father)
- **education**: University of Chicago (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Georgetown University (Juris Doctor, JD)
Linda Thomas-Greenfield

**Linda Thomas-Greenfield** (born November 22, 1952) is an American diplomat. Thomas-Greenfield was the 31st United States Ambassador to the United Nations from February 25, 2021 until January 20, 2025. She was the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs in the United States Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs from 2013 to 2017.

In November 2020, President Joe Biden announced his plans to nominate Thomas-Greenfield as the next United States Ambassador to the United Nations. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 23, 2021 by a 78 to 20 vote.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Linda Thomas-Greenfield
- **image**: Linda-Thomas-Greenfield-v1-8x10-1.jpg
- **office**: 31st United States Ambassador to the United Nations
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: February 25, 2021
- **term end**: January 20, 2025
- **deputy**: Jeffrey Prescott
Ned Price
- **predecessor**: Kelly Craft
- **successor**: Mike Waltz
- **office1**: 18th Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
- **president1**: Barack Obama
Donald Trump
- **deputy1**: Robert P. Jackson
- **term start1**: August 6, 2013
- **term end1**: March 10, 2017
- **predecessor1**: Johnnie Carson
- **successor1**: Donald Yamamoto (Acting)
- **office2**: Director General of the United States Foreign Service
- **president2**: Barack Obama
- **term start2**: April 2, 2012
- **term end2**: August 2, 2013
- **predecessor2**: Nancy Jo Powell, Nancy Powell
- **successor2**: Arnold A. Chacón, Arnold Chacón
- **ambassador from3**: United States
- **country3**: Liberia
- **predecessor3**: Donald E. Booth, Donald Booth
- **successor3**: Deborah R. Malac
- **president3**: George W. Bush
Barack Obama
- **birth place**: Baker, Louisiana, United States, U.S.
- **education**: Louisiana State University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Wisconsin, Madison (Master of Arts, MA)
U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate

**The U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate** is a position in the Government of the United States with authority over energy policy within the executive branch.

## Special Presidential Envoy for Climate

In November 2020, President-elect Joe Biden announced former U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry would serve as his Special Presidential Envoy for Climate.

On January 31, 2024, it was announced that John Podesta would replace John Kerry as envoy.

## List of Envoys

|No.|Portrait|Officeholder|Term start|Term end|colspan="2"|President||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||John Kerry|January 20, 2021|March 6, 2024|rowspan="2" style="background: ;"||rowspan="2"|Joe Biden|
||John Podesta|March 6, 2024|January 20, 2025|||||

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Special Presidential Envoy for
Climate of the
United States
- **termlength**: The Pleasure of the President
- **status**: Not Confirmed
- **type**: Special Presidential Envoy
- **website**: [https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/secretary-of-state/office-of-the-u-s-special-presidential-envoy-for-climate/ Official website]
- **formation**: January 20, 2021
- **inaugural**: John Kerry
- **appointer**: President of the United States
- **insignia**: Seal of the Executive Office of the President of the United States 2014.svg
- **reports to**: President of the United States
- **member of**: United States National Security Council (NSC)
- **department**: Executive Office of the President of the United States, Executive Office of the President
- **incumbent**: _Vacant_
- **insigniasize**: 167
Maria Bamford

**Maria Elizabeth Sheldon Bamford** (born September 3, 1970) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She is the voice of Pema in Nickelodeon cartoon _The Legend of Korra_ notable various cartoon companies like Cartoon Network includes, her role related to Princess Morbucks in Season 3 from Craig McCracken's _The Powerpuff Girls_, _Adventure Time_, _Dexter's Laboratory_,  Nickelodeon includes _CatDog_, _Hey, Arnold_, _The Legend of Korra_, _Pig Goat Banana Cricket_, _SpongeBob SquarePants_, _Barnyard_, as well the It's Pony, and the upcoming role in _Fairly OddParents: Fairly Odder_. others like, _Nutri Ventures_, _Shorty McShorts Short_, _Coconut Fred_. She is also known for her Netflix comedy specials.

## Early life and education

Bamford was born on September 3, 1970 at California, United States. Bamford has stated that when she was younger she was often troubled with her anxiety and bouts of what she has called "Unwanted Thoughts Syndrome", a subset of obsessive–compulsive disorder.

She attended Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, but Bamford transferred to the University of Edinburg. After a year in Scotland, she transferred back to her home state and enrolled at the University of Minnesota. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English.

Filmography

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Maria Bamford
- **image**: Maria Bamford (5493967996) (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Bamford in 2011
- **birth name**: Maria Elizabeth Sheldon Bamford
- **birth place**: Port Hueneme, California, U.S.
- **medium**: Stand-up comedy, Stand-up, television, film
- **active**: 1989–present
- **genre**: Observational comedy, character comedy, surreal humor, alternative comedy, dark comedy
- **subject**: Popular culture, Pop culture, personal life, mental health
- **alma mater**: University of Minnesota (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Natasha Leggero

**Natasha Leggero** (; born March 26, 1974) is an American comedian, actress, and writer. She is known for her appearance on  Chelsea Handler's late-night talk show _Chelsea Lately_ from 2008 to 2014.

She voiced Callie Maggotbone in Comedy Central's _Ugly Americans_ (2010–2012), Ethel in Comedy Central's _Brickleberry_ (2013–2015), and Shannon in Netflix's _Hoops_ (2020).

## Infobox (comedian)

- **name**: Natasha Leggero
- **image**: Natasha Leggero.jpg
- **caption**: Natasha Leggero at ComicCon in 2015.
- **birth place**: Rockford, Illinois, Rockford, Illinois, U.S
- **active**: 2000–present
- **alma mater**: Hunter College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Stella Adler Studio of Acting
- **children**: 1
Vandana Shiva

**Vandana Shiva** (born 5 November 1952) is an Indian scholar, writer, environmentalist and feminist. Shiva has written more than 20 books. Shiva was born in Dehradun, present-day Uttarakhand.

Shiva is one of the leaders and board members of the International Forum on Globalization (with Jerry Mander, Ralph Nader, and Jeremy Rifkin), and a figure of the anti-globalization movement.

She has rejected use of Genetically modified food, even as relief food given to survivors of disasters. Many have argued her arguments are Pseudoscientific. Sri Lanka adopted her ideas, which led to their 2022-2024 economic crisis.
Jeremy Rifkin

**Jeremy Rifkin** (born January 26, 1945) is an American economic and social theorist, writer, public speaker, political advisor, and activist. Rifkin is the author of 21 books. His works talk about impact of scientific and technological changes on the economy, the workforce, society, and the environment.

His most recent books include, _The Green New Deal_ (2019), _The Zero Marginal Cost Society_ (2014), _The Third Industrial Revolution_ (2011), _The Empathic Civilization_ (2010), and _The European Dream_ (2004).

## Infobox (philosopher)

- **name**: Jeremy Rifkin
- **birth place**: Denver, Colorado, U.S.
- **image**: Jeremy Rifkin, 2009 (cropped).jpg
- **alma mater**: University of Pennsylvania
Tufts University
- **era**: Contemporary philosophy
- **region**: Western philosophy
- **school tradition**: Modern liberalism in the United States, Liberalism
- **main interests**: Economics, social theory, political theory
- **notable ideas**: The Empathic Civilization, The empathic civilization, the Third Industrial Revolution, The End of Work, the end of work
Carolyn Merchant

**Carolyn Merchant** (born July 12, 1936) is an American ecofeminist philosopher and historian. She is known for her book _The Death of Nature_. Her works were important in environmental history and the history of science.

She is Professor of Environmental History, Philosophy, and Ethics at UC Berkeley. She was born in Rochester, New York.
Kjartan Jóhannsson

**Kjartan Jóhannsson** (19 December 1939 – 13 November 2020) an Icelandic politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party. Jóhannsson was born in Reykjavík, Iceland.

He was the Minister of Fisheries between 1978 to 1980. From 1979 to 1980, he was the Minister of Commerce.

Jóhannsson died on 13 November 2020 in Reykjavík at the age of 80.
David Hemblen

**David Hemblen** (16 September 1941 – 16 November 2020) was an English actor. He was born in London, but raised in Toronto.

He is known for his role as George in _La Femme Nikita_, Customs inspector in Atom Egoyan's _Exotica_, Lord Dread/Lyman Taggert in _Captain Power and the Soldiers of the Future_, Detective Dick Hargrove in _T. and T._ and as Inspector Winterguild in _TekWar: TekLords_.

He is also known for his role as Johnathan Doors in _Earth: Final Conflict_ and for voicing the character of Magneto in the X-Men animated series from 1992 to 1997.

Hemblen died on 16 November 2020 in Toronto at the age of 79.
CBC News

**CBC News** is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation that is in charge for the news gathering and production of news programs on the corporation's English-language operations. It was founded in 1941. CBC News is the largest news broadcaster in Canada and has local, regional and national broadcasts and stations.

## Other websites

- CBC News
- CBC Annual Reports (1996-97 to present)

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: CBC News
- **logo**: CBC News 2020.svg
- **logo size**: 300px
- **logo caption**: Logo used since 2020
- **type**: Department of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, CBC
- **foundation**: January 1, 1941
- **location country**: Canada
- **area served**: Specific services for Canada and rest of world
- **key people**: Brodie Fenlon, general manager and editor in chief, CBC News
- **industry**: Mass media, Media
- **services**: Radio and television broadcasts
- **owner**: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, CBC
Kay Morley

**Kay Morley** (April 17, 1920- November 17, 2020) was an American actress. She worked in Hollywood in the 1940s and 1950s. Kay was born in Pocatello, Idaho. She spent her childhood on a Native American reservation where her father was superintendent. She is mostly known for her work in B movies. Morley got her start in Hollywood as a Goldwyn glamour girl. From there, she won roles on movies like _Up in Arms_ and _Youth Aflame_; after a string of silver screen roles in the 1940s, she worked mostly in television in the 1950s.

Morley died on November 17, 2020, aged 100.

## Selected filmography

- _Sealed Cargo_ (1951)
- _Trails End_ (1949)
- _Outlaw Brand_ (1948)
- _Letter from an Unknown Woman_ (1948)
- _Campus Honeymoon_ (1948)
- _Secret Beyond the Door..._ (1947)
- _Code of the Saddle_ (1947)
- _Six-Gun Serenade_ (1947)
- _Betty Co-Ed_ (1946)
- _It's a Pleasure_ (1945)
- _The Princess and the Pirate_ (1944)
- _Youth Aflame_ (1944)
- _Show Business_ (1944)
- _Up in Arms_ (1944)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kay Morley
- **birth date**: April 17, 1920
- **death date**: November 17, 2020 (aged 100)
- **occupation**: Actress
- **spouse**: Charles Vidor (div.)
Richard Crane
Helen Morgan (field hockey)

**Helen Jane Morgan** (married name Grandon; 20 July 1966 – 19 November 2020) was a Welsh field hockey player. She was a member of the British squad that won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. She was born in Porthcawl, Bridgend, Wales.

Morgan died of cancer on 19 November 2020 at the age of 54.
Hayford Peirce

**Hayford Peirce** (January 7, 1942 – November 19, 2020) was an American writer of science fiction, mysteries, and spy thrillers. He wrote many short stories for the science-fiction magazines _Analog_, _Galaxy_, and _Omni_.

He also wrote mystery short stories for _Alfred Hitchcock's Mystery Magazine_ and _Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine_.

Peirce shot himself in the head on November 19, 2020 in Tucson, Arizona after shooting his wife. Peirce was hospitalized and died a few hours later, aged 78.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Hayford Peirce
- **birth place**: Bangor, Maine, U.S.
- **death place**: Tucson, Arizona, U.S.
- **occupation**: Writer
- **genre**: Science fiction
 Mystery fiction, Mysteries
 Spy fiction, Spy thrillers
André Quilis

**André Quilis** (28 October 1941 – 19 November 2020) was a French rugby union player. He played at the flanker position. He was born in Coursan, France.

Quilis played for RC Narbonne from 1962 to 1971. He played in five games for the National Team from 1967 to 1971, including the 1971 Six Nations Championship.

He was a player-coach for Cuxac d'Aude from 1971 to 1972 and then coached until his retirement in 2001.

Quilis died on 19 November 2020 at the age of 79.
Jake Sullivan

**Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan** (born November 28, 1976) is an American politician who was the 28th United States National Security Advisor from 2021 until 2025 during the Joe Biden administration.

## Early life

Sullivan was born in Burlington, Vermont and grew up in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Sullivan studied at Yale University and at Magdalen College, Oxford.

## Career

He was the senior policy advisor to Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential election campaign and Deputy Chief of Staff at the Department of State. Sullivan was the Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth College and a senior fellow and Master in Public Policy faculty member at the Carsey School of Public Policy.

On November 23, 2020, President-elect Joe Biden announced that he wanted Sullivan to be his National Security Advisor.

## Personal life

In 2015, Sullivan married lawyer Maggie Goodlander, who is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire  In 2023, Goodlander gave birth to a stillborn at a hotel room.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jake Sullivan
- **image**: Jake-Sullivan-WH.png
- **office**: 28th United States National Security Advisor
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: January 20, 2021
- **term end**: January 20, 2025
- **deputy**: Jonathan Finer
- **predecessor**: Robert C. O'Brien
- **successor**: Michael Waltz
- **office1**: Office of the Vice President of the United States, National Security Advisor to the Vice President of the United States
- **vicepresident1**: Joe Biden
- **term start1**: February 26, 2013
- **term end1**: August 1, 2014
- **predecessor1**: Antony Blinken
- **successor1**: Colin Kahl
- **office2**: Director of Policy Planning
- **president2**: Barack Obama
- **term start2**: February 4, 2011
- **term end2**: February 15, 2013
- **predecessor2**: Anne-Marie Slaughter
- **successor2**: David McKean (diplomat), David McKean
- **birth name**: Jacob Jeremiah Sullivan
- **birth place**: Burlington, Vermont, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: Yale University (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Juris Doctorate, JD)
Magdalen College, Oxford (Master of Philosophy, MPhil)
- **caption**: Sullivan in 2021
- **alt**: Sullivan in 2021
Antonio Ambrosetti

**Antonio Ambrosetti** (November 25, 1944 – November 20, 2020) was an Italian mathematician. He worked in the fields of partial differential equations and calculus of variations.

Ambrosetti died on November 20, 2020 in Venice at the age of 75.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Antonio Ambrosetti
- **image**: Antonio Ambrosetti.jpg
- **birth place**: Bari, Italy
- **death place**: Venice, Italy
- **nationality**: Italy, Italian
- **fields**: Mathematics
- **workplaces**: International School for Advanced Studies
- **alma mater**: University of Padua
- **doctoral students**: Andrea Malchiodi
- **known for**: Mountain pass theorem
- **awards**: Caccioppoli Prize (1982)
Jacques Déprez

**Jacques Déprez** (3 March 1938 – 20 November 2020) was a French hurdler. He competed in the men's 110 metres hurdles at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Déprez died on 20 November 2020 at the age of 82.
Malocclusion

**Malocclusion** is when the teeth in a person's upper jaw do not meet the teeth in the lower jaw correctly.

Edward Angle, the "father of modern orthodontics," was the first to use the word.  It is a combination word of _occlusion_ and _mal_ meaning "bad."
František Reichel

**František Reichel** (27 January 1938 – 20 November 2020) was a Czech politician. He was Deputy Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1989 to 1990 during the Prime Ministership of Marián Čalfa.

Reichel died on 20 November 2020 at the age of 82.
Marián Čalfa

**Marián Čalfa** (born 7 May 1946) is the former Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia during and after the Velvet Revolution. He was de facto acting President for 19 days.

Čalfa resigned from the Federal Government after the defeat of the Public Against Violence in the elections of 1992.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Marián Čalfa
- **office**: List of Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
- **term start**: 10 December 1989
- **term end**: 2 July 1992
- **predecessor**: Ladislav Adamec
- **successor**: Jan Stráský
- **birth place**: Trebišov, Czechoslovakia
- **party**: Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (c. 1968–1990)
Public Against Violence (1990–1991)
Civic Democratic Union (Slovakia) (1991–1992)
John Rowland (footballer, born 1941)

**John Douglas Rowland** (7 April 1941 – 2020) was an English footballer.

He began his career at Nottingham Forest in 1960, before being sold on to Port Vale in August 1962.

In September 1966, he was sold on to Mansfield Town. Two years later he joined Tranmere Rovers, before dropping into non-league football with South Shields in 1969. He finished his career at Derry City.

His death was announced on 20 November 2020 at the age of 79.

## Career statistics

|rowspan="2"|Club|rowspan="2"|Season|rowspan="2"|Division|colspan="2"|League|colspan="2"|FA Cup|colspan="2"|Other|colspan="2"|Total|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="3"|Nottingham Forest|1960–61|First Division|12|1|0|0|2|0|14|1|||
|1961–62|First Division|14|2|0|0|1|0|15|2|||||
|rowspan="6"|Port Vale|1962–63|Third Division|37|7|4|0|0|0|41|7|||
|1963–64|Third Division|23|4|4|0|1|0|28|4|||||
|1964–65|Third Division|40|5|2|0|1|0|43|5|||||
|1965–66|Fourth Division|42|21|2|1|2|1|46|23|||||
|1966–67|Fourth Division|7|3|0|0|1|1|8|4|||||
|rowspan="3"|Mansfield Town|1966–67|Third Division|19|9|2|0|0|0|21|9|||
|1967–68|Third Division|30|7|1|0|1|0|32|7|||||
|Tranmere Rovers|1968–69|Second Division|26|3|0|0|2|0|28|3||||

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: John Rowland
- **fullname**: John Douglas Rowland
- **birth place**: Riddings, Alfreton, England
- **death date**: 2020 (aged 79)
- **death place**: Derby, England
- **position**: Forward (association football), Forward; Midfielder#Winger, winger
- **youthclubs1**: Ironville Amateurs
- **years1**: 1960–1962
- **clubs1**: Nottingham Forest F.C., Nottingham Forest
- **caps1**: 26
- **goals1**: 3
- **years2**: 1962–1966
- **clubs2**: Port Vale F.C., Port Vale
- **caps2**: 149
- **goals2**: 40
- **years3**: 1966–1968
- **clubs3**: Mansfield Town F.C., Mansfield Town
- **caps3**: 49
- **goals3**: 16
- **years4**: 1968–1969
- **clubs4**: Tranmere Rovers F.C., Tranmere Rovers
- **caps4**: 26
- **goals4**: 3
- **clubs5**: South Shields F.C. (1936), South Shields
- **clubs6**: Derry City F.C., Derry City
- **totalcaps**: 250+
- **totalgoals**: 62+
- **nationalteam1**: England Youth
Ken Schinkel

**Kenneth Calvin Schinkel** (November 27, 1932 – November 20, 2020) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right wing and coach. He played for the New York Rangers and Pittsburgh Penguins in the National Hockey League. His career lasted from 1950 to 1973. He was born in Jansen, Saskatchewan.

Schinkel died on November 20, 2020 at the age of 87.
Chen Ailian

**Chen Ailian** (; 24 December 1939 – 21 November 2020) was a Chinese dancer.

In 1952 she became a student at Central Academy of Drama (中央戏剧学院) in Beijing. In 1963 she became a major trouper in China Opera and Dance-Drama Theatre.

She once acted the leading role in the first performance of pantomime Fish-Beauty (《鱼美人》) in 1959. At present Chen served as the vice chairwoman of Chinese Dancers Association.

Chen died of stomach cancer on 21 November 2020 in Beijing, aged 81.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chen Ailian (陈爱莲)
- **image**: 1963-01 1963年 陈爱莲.jpg
- **birth place**: Panyu, Guangdong
- **nationality**: Chinese
- **occupation**: Dancer, dance teacher
Oliver Friggieri

**Oliver Friggieri** (27 March 1947 – 21 November 2020) was a Maltese poet, novelist, literary critic, and philosopher. He was interested in epistemology and Existentialism. He was born in Floriana, Crown Colony of Malta.

Friggieri died on 21 November 2020 at the age of 73.
AstraZeneca

**AstraZeneca plc** () is a British–Swedish multinational pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical company with its headquarters in Cambridge, England. It is registered in London, United Kingdom. AstraZeneca Plc was formed in 1999 by merging the Swedish Astra AB and the British Zeneca Ltd. Drugs produced by the company are sold in more than 100 countries. More than 57 thousand people work for the company. AstraZeneca's factories are in 20 countries. Sales in 2012 amounted to almost 28 billion dollars.

Pascal Soriot was the best-paid FTSE chief executive in 2022, with a total package of £15.3 million.

The share price has risen about 80% in the past five years.

AstraZeneca creates treatments for cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infection, neuroscience, respiratory and inflammation.
Confessions of a Shopaholic (movie)

***Confessions of a Shopaholic*** is a 2009 American romantic comedy movie. It is based on the first two entries in the _Shopaholic_ series of novels by Sophie Kinsella. It is directed by P. J. Hogan. The movie stars Isla Fisher as the shopaholic journalist and Hugh Dancy as her boss.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Confessions of a Shopaholic
- **director**: P. J. Hogan
- **producer**: Jerry Bruckheimer
- **music**: James Newton Howard
- **cinematography**: Jo Willems
- **editing**: William Goldenberg
- **distributor**: Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
- **runtime**: 104 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $55 million
- **gross**: $108.3 million
Sophie Kinsella

**Madeleine Sophie Wickham** ( **Townley**; 12 December 1969 – 10 December 2025), known by her pen name **Sophie Kinsella**, was an English author. Her books have sold over 50 million copies in more than 60 countries and have been translated into over 40 languages.

The first two novels in her best-selling _Shopaholic_ series, were adapted into the film _Confessions of a Shopaholic_ (2009).

In 2022, Kinsella revealed she had been diagnosed with glioblastoma, an aggressive form of brain cancer. She died from the disease on 10 December 2025 in Dorset, England, two days before her 56th birthday.

## Infobox (writer)

- **image**: Sophie Kinsella.jpg
- **name**: Sophie Kinsella
- **caption**: Kinsella in 2009
- **birth name**: Madeleine Sophie Townley
- **birth place**: Wandsworth, London, England
- **death place**: Dorset, England
- **occupation**: Novelist
- **period**: 1995–2025
- **genre**: Romantic comedy
- **notableworks**: _The Shopaholic_ series
- **children**: 5
Hugh Dancy

**Hugh Michael Horace Dancy** (born 19 June 1975) is an English actor. He is known for his role as titular character in the television movie _David Copperfield_ (2000).

Other movie roles include Joe Conner in _Shooting Dogs_ (2005), Grigg Harris in _The Jane Austen Book Club_ (2007), Luke Brandon in _Confessions of a Shopaholic_ (2009), Adam Raki in _Adam_ (2009), and Ted in _Martha Marcy May Marlene_ (2011).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hugh Dancy
- **image**: Hugh Dancy at the 36th Toronto International Film Festival, September 2011 (01).jpg
- **caption**: Dancy at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival
- **birth name**: Hugh Michael Horace Dancy
- **birth place**: Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England
- **education**: Winchester College
- **alma mater**: St Peter's College, Oxford
- **years active**: 1998–present
- **children**: 2
The Informer (movie)

***The Informer*** is a 1935 American crime drama movie directed by John Ford and is the second adaption of the 1925 novel of the same name by Liam O'Flaherty. It stars Victor McLaglen, Heather Angel, Preston Foster, Margot Grahame, Wallace Ford, Una O'Connor, Francis Ford and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 6 Oscars and won 4 Academy Awards in 1936.
The Dark Corner

***The Dark Corner*** is a 1946 American crime thriller movie directed by Henry Hathaway and was based on the story _Good Housekeeping_ by Leo Rosten. It stars Lucille Ball, Clifton Webb, Mark Stevens, William Bendix, Kurt Kruger, Cathy Downs, Reed Hadley and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.