juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Kapampangan language

The **Pampangan language** or **Kapampangan** is one of the main languages of the Philippines. It is predominantly spoken in the province of Pampanga, and most parts of Tarlac towns in Bamban, Capas, Concepcion, La Paz and Tarlac City and Bataan.

## Other websites

- Bansa Kapampangan-English Dictionary
- Kapampangan Wiktionary
- 10 ICAL Paper – Issues in Orthography
- 10 ICAL Paper – Importance of Diacritical Marks
- 10 ICAL Paper – Transitivity & Pronominal Clitic Order
- Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database
- Electronic Kabalen – New Writing on Kapampangan Life & Letters
- Dying languages
- State can still save Kapampangan
- Wikibook Kapampangan
- Siuala ding Meangubie
- Online E-book of Arte de la Lengua Pampanga by Diego Bergaño. Originally published in 1736.

## Infobox (language)

- **name**: Kapampangan
- **altname**: Pampangan
- **nativename**: ,
- **states**: Philippines (Central Luzon)
- **region**: Pampanga, southern Tarlac, northeastern Bataan, western Bulacan, southwestern Nueva Ecija and southeastern parts of Zambales
- **ethnicity**: Kapampangan people
- **speakers**: 2.4 million
- **ref**: e18
- **date**: 2010
- **familycolor**: Austronesian
- **fam2**: Malayo-Polynesian languages, Malayo-Polynesian
- **fam3**: Philippine languages, Philippine
- **fam4**: Central Luzon languages, Central Luzon
- **script**: Latin script, Latin (Abakada, Kapampangan alphabet)
Historically written in: _Kulitan alphabet, Kulitan_
- **dia1**: Pampanga
- **dia2**: Tarlac
- **dia3**: Bataan
- **minority**: Regional language of the Philippines
- **agency**: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
- **iso2**: pam
- **iso3**: pam
- **glotto**: pamp1243
- **glottorefname**: Pampanga
- **image**: Kapampangan.svg
- **image size**: 100px
- **imagecaption**: "Kapampangan" written in Kulitan alphabet, Kulitan, the native writing system of the language
- **map**: Kapampangan-speaking regions.png
- **mapcaption**: Kapampangan-speaking area
- **mapsize**: 220px
- **notice**: IPA
Rudawa, Lesser Poland Voivodeship

**Rudawa** is a village in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. The village is on the road from Kraków to Trzebinia and by the Rudawa river. It is about  west of Zabierzów and  west of the city of Kraków.
Rząska

**Rząska** is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zabierzów, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is about  southeast of Zabierzów and  northwest of the city of Kraków.
FC Ingolstadt 04

**FC Ingolstadt 04** is a football club from Ingolstadt, Germany.

## Other websites

- Official team site (FC Ingolstadt 04)

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: FC Ingolstadt 04
- **current**: 2017–18 FC Ingolstadt 04 season
- **fullname**: Fußball-Club Ingolstadt 04 e.V.
- **nickname**: Die Schanzer
- **ground**: Audi Sportpark
- **capacity**: 15,800
- **chairman**: Peter Jackwerth
- **manager**: Stefan Leitl
- **mgrtitle**: Head coach
- **website**: http://www.fcingolstadt.de/
- **league**: 2. Bundesliga
- **season**: 2016–17 Bundesliga, 2016–17
- **position**: Bundesliga, 17th (relegated)
- **pattern la1**: _ingolstadt1617h
- **pattern b1**: _ingolstadt1617h
- **pattern ra1**: _ingolstadt1617h
- **pattern sh1**: _ingolstadt1617h
- **pattern so1**: _3_stripes_white
- **leftarm1**: FF0000
- **body1**: FF0000
- **rightarm1**: FF0000
- **shorts1**: FF0000
- **socks1**: FF0000
- **pattern la2**: _ingolstadt1617a
- **pattern b2**: _ingolstadt1617a
- **pattern ra2**: _ingolstadt1617a
- **pattern sh2**: _adidasred
- **pattern so2**: _3_stripes_red
- **leftarm2**: 000000
- **body2**: 000000
- **rightarm2**: 000000
- **shorts2**: 000000
- **socks2**: 000000
- **pattern la3**: _ingolstadt1617t
- **pattern b3**: _ingolstadt1617t
- **pattern ra3**: _ingolstadt1617t
- **pattern sh3**: _ingolstadt1617t
- **pattern so3**: _3_stripes_red
- **leftarm3**: FFFFFF
- **body3**: FFFFFF
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- **shorts3**: FFFFFF
- **socks3**: FFFFFF
Moosch

**Moosch** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.
Cesar Department

**Cesar Department** is a department in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. The capital is Valledupar.
Chocó Department

**Chocó Department** is a department of Colombia known for its large Afro-Colombian population. It is in the west of the country. It is on the border to Panama. The capital is Quibdó.

The Chocó Department makes up most of the ecoregion known as El Chocó that extends from Panama to Ecuador.
WWE Clash of Champions

**WWE Clash of Champions** was a series of professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming shows made by WWE from 2016 to 2020. It was named after Clash of the Champions, which were television specials made by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP), and the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). Like with Night of Champions, most matches at these events were championship matches. In 2018, an all-female event, WWE Evolution, took place instead. Clash of Champions returned the following two years.

## Dates and venues

|#|Event|Date|City|Venue|Main Event|Ref.|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|Clash of Champions (2016)|September 25, 2016|Indianapolis, Indiana|Bankers Life Fieldhouse|Kevin Owens (c) vs. Seth Rollins for the WWE Universal Championship||
|2|Clash of Champions (2017)|December 17, 2017|Boston, Massachusetts|TD Garden|AJ Styles (c) vs. Jinder Mahal for the WWE Championship||
|3|Clash of Champions (2019)|September 15, 2019|Charlotte, North Carolina|Spectrum Center|Seth Rollins (c) vs. Braun Strowman for the WWE Universal Championship||
|4|Clash of Champions (2020)|September 27, 2020|Orlando, Florida|WWE ThunderDome at Amway Center|Roman Reigns (c) vs. Jey Uso for the WWE Universal Championship||
|colspan="7"|||||||

## Infobox (wrestling ppv series)

- **name**: WWE Clash of Champions
- **caption**: WWE Clash of Champions logo
- **promotions**: WWE
- **brands**: WWE Raw, Raw (2016, 2019–2020)
SmackDown (2017, 2019–2020)
205 Live (2019)
- **firstevent**: Clash of Champions (2016), 2016
- **lastevent**: Clash of Champions (2020), 2020
- **gimmick**: Professional wrestling championship, Championship matches
June Rowlands

**June Rowlands** (May 14, 1924 – December 21, 2017) was a Canadian politician. She was born in Toronto. She was the 60th mayor of Toronto, Ontario, serving from 1991 through 1994. She was the first woman to hold that office. She served a longtime city councillor, unsuccessful federal candidate, and chair of the Metropolitan Toronto Police Commission.

Rowlands was known during her mayoral term clashing with youth riots and was criticized for her actions which related to political correctness. After one term in office, Rowlands was defeated in 1994 by Barbara Hall, and retired from politics.

Rowlands died on December 21, 2017 in Toronto of Parkinson disease-related complications at the age of 93.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: June Rowlands
- **image**: June Rowlands by Cavouk c1991 (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: June Rowlands, Mayor of Toronto from 1991 to 1994
- **office**: Mayor of Toronto
- **term start**: December 1, 1991
- **term end**: November 30, 1994
- **predecessor**: Art Eggleton
- **successor**: Barbara Hall (politician), Barbara Hall
- **birthname**: June Pendock
- **birth place**: Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
- **death place**: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **party**: Independent politician, Independent (municipal)
- **spouse**: Harry Rowlands (div.)
- **children**: 5
- **order**: 60th
- **otherparty**: Liberal Party of Canada, Liberal (federal)
Spartacus League

The **Spartacus League** () was a Marxist revolutionary movement in Germany during World War I. The League was named after Spartacus, leader of the largest slave rebellion of the Roman Republic. Karl Liebknecht, Rosa Luxemburg, Clara Zetkin, and others started the group. The League later changed its name to the Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (KPD). It joined the Comintern in 1919. It was most active during the German Revolution of 1918. The League wanted to start a revolution through its newspaper, _Spartacus Letters._

## Well-known members

- Leo Jogiches
- Paul Levi
- Karl Liebknecht
- Rosa Luxemburg
- Julian Marchlewski

- Ernst Meyer
- Franz Mehring
- Wilhelm Pieck
- August Thalheimer
- Bertha Thalheimer
- Clara Zetkin
Manouchehr Boroumand

**Manouchehr Boroumand** (26 March 1934 – 21 December 2017) was an Iranian heavyweight weightlifter. He was born in Babolsar, Iran. He was selected for the 1960 Summer Olympics, but withdrew in the last moment due to an illness.

Boroymand also missed the 1962 Asian Games because Iran did not send a delegation there. At the 1964 Summer Olympics he placed 12th. Boroumand was known for his victory in 1966, when he won a gold medal at the Asian Games. He became the first Asian weightlifter to cross the 500 kg barrier in the total, which he has done at the world championships.

Boroymand died of a cerebral hemorrhage on 21 December 2017 in Babolsar at the age of 83.
Jerry Yellin

**Jerome "Jerry" Yellin** (February 15, 1924 – December 21, 2017) was a former United States Army Air Forces fighter pilot. He flew the final combat mission of World War II in a North American P-51 Mustang against a military airfield near Tokyo on August 14, 1945 (August 15, 1945 local time in Tokyo).

Yellin's mission was executed five days after a U.S. Army Air Force Boeing B-29 Superfortress named Bockscar had dropped a second American nuclear weapon on Japan, with the second being dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki.

Yellin died of lung cancer in Orlando, Florida on December 21, 2017 at the age of 93.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Jerry Yellin
- **placeofburial label**: Place of burial
- **image**: Captain Jerry Yellin, USAAF.jpg
- **birth place**: Newark, New Jersey
- **allegiance**: United States, United States of America
- **branch**: United States Army Air Forces
- **serviceyears**: 1942–1945
- **rank**: Captain (United States O-3)
- **battles**: World War II
Air raids on Japan
Pacific Ocean theater of World War II
Clifford Irving

**Clifford Michael Irving** (November 5, 1930 – December 19, 2017) was an American novelist, investigative reporter and convicted fraudster. He was born in New York City. Although he published 20 novels, he was best known for an "autobiography" allegedly written as told to Irving by billionaire recluse Howard Hughes.

The fictional work was to have been published in 1972. After Hughes denounced him and sued the publisher, McGraw-Hill, Irving and his collaborators confessed to the hoax. He was sentenced to  years in prison, of which he served 17 months.

Irving wrote _The Hoax_ (1981), his story of events surrounding the development and sale of the fake autobiography.

Irving died on December 19, 2017 in Sarasota, Florida of pancreatic cancer at the age of 87.
Stan Pilecki

**Stanislaus Josef** "**Stan**" **Pilecki** (4 February 1947 – 20 December 2017) was an Australian rugby union player. He played 18 times for the national team, the Wallabies, between 1978 and 1984. He also played for the Queensland in 122 games.

Pilecki was born in refugee camp in Augustdorf, Germany. His parents were Polish. He grew up in Queensland, Australia.

Pilecki died of a short illness on 20 December 2017 at his home in Jindalee, Queensland. He was 70.
Ken Catchpole

**Kenneth William** "**Ken**" **Catchpole**  (21 June 1939 – 21 December 2017) was an Australian rugby union player. He played 27 times for the national team, the Wallabies, between 1961 and 1968. He also played for the New South Wales in 27 games. He was sometimes called one of the best Australian scrum-halves. He was born in Paddington, New South Wales.

Catchpole died on 21 December 2017, at the age of 78.

## Other websites

- Ken Catchpole profile  at ESPN
Hiep Thi Le

**Hiep Thi Le** (; November 30, 1971 – December 19, 2017) was a Vietnamese-American actress. She was known for her role in _Heaven & Earth_ (1993). She appeared in _Bugis Street_ (1995, released in the United States in 1997) and co-starred in the little-scene _Dead Man Can't Dance_ (1997).

On February 23, 2014, Le appeared on the Food Network game show _Chopped_, appearing and competing in the eighteenth-season episode "Beer Here!".

Le died on December 19, 2017 in Los Angeles, California from stomach cancer at the age of 46.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hiep Thi Le
- **birth place**: Da Nang, South Vietnam
- **death place**: Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Stomach cancer
- **occupation**: Actress, restaurateur
- **years active**: 1993–2017
- **birthname**: Lê Thị Hiệp
Francelino Pereira

**Francelino Pereira dos Santos** (2 July 1921 – 21 December 2017) was a Brazilian politician. From 1995 to 2003, he was a member of the Federal Senate. He also served as Governor of Minas Gerais from 1979 to 1983 and as Deputy from 1963 to 1979. He was born in Angical do Piauí, Brazil.

Pereira died at the age of 96 on 21 December 2017 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil of pneumonia.

## Other websites

- Government profile
Dylan Bruce

**Dylan Bruce** (born April 21, 1980) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his roles as Chris Hughes on the CBS daytime soap opera _As the World Turns_ and Paul Dierden on the BBC America/Space science fiction series _Orphan Black_. He has also had small roles in _Passions_, _Joey_, _Las Vegas_, _CSI: NY_ and _The Sopranos_.

Bruce was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He grew up in Boundary Bay.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dylan Bruce
- **image**: Dylan Bruce March 2015.jpg
- **caption**: Bruce in March 2015
- **birth place**: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadians, Canadian
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 2005–present
Steven Van Zandt

**Steven Van Zandt** (**' **Lento**; November 22, 1950), also known as **Little Steven** and **Miami Steve_', is an American musician and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin. As an actor, he is known for his roles as Silvio Dante in the HBO drama series _The Sopranos_ (1999–2007) and Frank Tagliano / Giovanni "Johnny" Henriksen on the NRK1 drama _Lilyhammer'' (2012–2014). He was added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014.

Van Zandt was born in Winthrop, Massachusetts. He has Italian ancestry. He grew up in Middletown Township, New Jersey. He married Maureen Santoro in 1982.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Steven Van Zandt
- **image**: Steve Van Zandt - Cannes.jpg
- **caption**: Van Zandt in Cannes, October 2011
- **birth name**: Steven Lento
- **birth place**: Winthrop, Massachusetts, Winthrop, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **other names**: Little Steven, Miami Steve
- **occupation**: Musician, actor
- **years active**: 1968–present
Tram stop

A **tram stop** is a place where a tram stops so passengers can get on or get off. Tram stops are similar to bus stops, but because trams move on rails, they may include railway platforms. Platforms are needed if the tram system uses stepless entries for accessibility. However, trams may also stop at mid-street pavements when they run along streets.

A tram stop may also be called a **tram station** or **streetcar stop**.

## Related pages

- Bus stop
- Train/railway station
Flag of the Gambia

The national **flag of the Gambia** has three horizontal red, blue and green stripes separated by two thinner white stripes. The flag has a width-to-length ratio of 2:3.
Sils im Domleschg

**Sils im Domleschg** () is a municipality  of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

## Villages

Freihof, Campi and Albula.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Sils im Domleschg
- **image photo**: Sils im Domleschg.jpg
- **municipality name**: Sils im Domleschg
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Sils im Domleschg COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Sils im Domleschg.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Hinterrhein (district), Hinterrhein
- **postal code**: 7411
- **municipality code**: 3640
- **area**: 9.28
- **elevation**: 633
- **population**: 926
- **populationof**: December 2016
- **popofyear**: 2016
- **website**: www.sils-id.ch
- **mayor**: Rudolf Hans Künzler
- **places**: Freihof, Campi, Albula
- **neighboring municipalities**: Fürstenau, Switzerland, Fürstenau, Mutten, Rongellen, Scharans, Thusis, Vaz/Obervaz, Zillis-Reischen
Yoshkar-Ola

**Yoshkar-Ola** (; ) is the capital city of the Mari El Republic, Russia. 248,782 people lived in the city in 2010.

Yoshkar-Ola is the capital of the Mari El Republic in western Russia. In the city center, the National Art Gallery hosts changing exhibits in a Renaissance-style building. The Museum of the History of Yoshkar-Ola displays military artifacts and folk art in a former merchant’s house. The green-domed Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ is nearby. The riverside Republican Puppet Theater resembles a medieval castle.

It used to be named **Tsaryovokokshaysk** () before 1919, as **Krasnokokshaysk** () between 1919 and 1927

## Related pages

- List of cities and towns in Russia

## Other websites

- Official website of Yoshkar-Ola
- Map of Yoshkar-Ola
Springdale, Ohio

**Springdale** is a city in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. 11,007 people lived there in the 2020 census.

## Other websites

- Official City website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Springdale, Ohio
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: "Come Explore The Opportunities"
- **image skyline**: Maple Knoll Village.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image map**: Hamilton County Ohio Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Springdale highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location in Hamilton County, Ohio, Hamilton County and the state of Ohio.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Ohio
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Ohio, County
- **subdivision name2**: Hamilton County, Ohio, Hamilton
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 12.92
- **area land km2**: 12.89
- **area water km2**: 0.03
- **area total sq mi**: 4.99
- **area land sq mi**: 4.98
- **area water sq mi**: 0.01
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 11007
- **population density km2**: 853.77
- **population density sq mi**: 2211.13
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation ft**: 682
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 45246
- **area code**: Area code 513, 513
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 39-74104
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1086229
Mooslargue

**Mooslargue** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## References

- INSEE commune file

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Mooslargue
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Mooslargue (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Altkirch
- **canton**: Masevaux
- **insee**: 68216
- **postal code**: 68580
- **mayor**: Jean-Paul Bucher
- **term**: 2001–2008
- **intercommunality**: Vallée de la Largue
- **elevation m**: 425
- **elevation min m**: 396
- **elevation max m**: 462
- **area km2**: 5.63
- **population**: 381
- **population date**: 2006
Pia Olsen Dyhr

**Pia Olsen Dyhr** is a Danish politician, member of the Danish Parliament, the Folketing, and leader of the democratic socialist party SF (Socialist People's party) since 13th February, 2014. She took over as leader from Annette Vilhelmsen.

Dyhr was previously Minister for Trade and Investment (3rd October 2011 - 9th August 2013) and Minister for Transport (9th August 2013 - 3rd February 2014).

## External sources

Pia Olsen Dyhr at the Danish Parliament)
Starrkirch-Wil

**Starrkirch-Wil** is a municipality in the district Olten in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Starrkirch-Wil
- **municipality name**: Starrkirch-Wil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Starrkirch-Wil-blason.png
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Starrkirch-Wil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Solothurn
- **iso-code-region**: CH-SO
- **district**: Olten (district), Olten
- **postal code**: 4656
- **municipality code**: 2584
- **area**: 1.85
- **elevation**: 419
- **population**: 1408
- **populationof**: December 2005
- **website**: www.starrkirch-wil.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aarburg (AG), Dulliken, Oftringen (AG), Olten
National Volleyball Association

The **National Volleyball Association** (**NVA**) is a men's professional volleyball league in America composed of 10 teams. NVA is an active member of USA Volleyball (Teamusa) which is recognized by FIVB (also known as the International Volleyball Federation) as the national governing body for volleyball in the United States.

## Infobox (sports league)

- **title**: NVA
- **sport**: volleyball
- **teams**: 40
- **country**: United States
- **continent**: North America
Charles Zentai

**Charles Zentai** (born **Károly Steiner**; October 8, 1921 – December 13, 2017) was a Hungarian-born resident of Australia accused of a Holocaust-related war crime. He has lived in Perth, Australia for many years after living in the American- and French-occupied zones of post-World War II Germany. He was born in Budapest.

Zentai was on the Simon Wiesenthal Center's list of most wanted Nazi war criminals until 2013. On 8 July 2005, Zentai was arrested by the Australian Federal Police to await an extradition hearing. Zentai's family say the 86-year-old widower, who has heart disease and peripheral neuropathy, would not survive the trip to Hungary.

Zentai died in Perth on December 13, 2017 of heart disease and peripheral neuropathy at the age of 96.
Reinhart Fuchs

**Reinhart Fuchs** (September 28, 1934 — December 16, 2017) was a German chess player, international master (1962). In the national team of the GDR party of six Chess Olympiads (1956-1966) and  IV European team championship (1970) in Kapfenberg. He was born in Berlin.

Fuchs died on December 16, 2017 in Berlin at the age of 83.

## Other websites

- Reinhart Fuchs at Chessgames.com

## Infobox (chess biography)

- **birth date**: 28 September 1934
- **image**: Fuchs,Reinhart 1949 Bad Klosterlausnitz.jpeg
- **caption**: Reinhart Fuchs, 1949
Åke Hellman

**Åke Fredrik Hellman** (19 July 1915 – 18 December 2017) was a Finnish still life and portrait artist and art professor. He has worked as art teacher at the University of Helsinki. In 1963, he received the order of the Lion of Finland. He was born in Helsinki.

Hellman turned 100 on 19 July 2015. He died on 18 December 2017 in Borgå, Finland, at the age of 102.

## Other websites

- Hellman, Åke in _Uppslagsverket Finland_.
- Åke Hellman and his artistship.
- A Shared Atelier – Karin and Åke Hellman at Kunsthalle Helsinki.
Seal (musician)

**Henry Olusegun Adeola Samuel** (born 19 February 1963), better known as **Seal**, is a British singer and songwriter. He has sold more than 20 million records worldwide. He is best known for his song "Kiss from a Rose". The worldwide hit was used for the soundtrack of the movie _Batman Forever_ (1995). He has won three Brit Awards, four Grammy Awards and an MTV Video Music Award. He has also won two Ivor Novello Awards for the songs "Killer" and "Crazy". He was a coach on _The Voice_ in Australia for the 2012, 2013 and 2017 seasons.

Seal was born in Paddington, London. His mother is Nigerian and his father is Brazilian. He was married to German model Heidi Klum from 2005 to 2015. They have four children.

Seal has scarring on his face caused by a type of lupus called discoid lupus erythematosus.
March Fong Eu

**March Kong Fong Eu** (; March 29, 1922 – December 21, 2017) was an American politician. She was a member of the California State Assembly and went on to serve as Secretary of State of California. She was born in Oakdale, California. She served under the governships on Jerry Brown, Pete Wilson and George Deukmejian. Eu was a member of the Democratic Party.

In 1987 Eu was a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. Senate, running against Leo McCarthy for the right to challenge the Republican incumbent, Pete Wilson. Eu dropped out later that year.

President Bill Clinton appointed Eu as United States Ambassador to the Federated States of Micronesia in 1994. She served in that post until 1996.

Eu died on December 21, 2017 in Irvine, California following surgery after suffering a fall, at age 95.
Halvard Kausland

**Halvard Magne Kausland** (25 April 1945 – 21 December 2017) was a Norwegian jazz guitarist, composer and civil servant. He was born in Sund, Sotra, Norway. Kausland was also a well-known jazz guitarist, having played in the band of Ole Paus among other things. Kausland had been appointed as acting director of the Arts Council Norway from 1 November 1996 to 31 March 2000.

From 1966 to 1979 he was married to Grethe Kausland.

Kausland died of thyroid cancer in Oslo on 21 December 2017 at the age of 72.
Bruce McCandless II

**Bruce McCandless II** (June 8, 1937 – December 21, 2017), (Capt, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. During the first of his two Space Shuttle missions he made the first ever untethered free flight using the Manned Maneuvering Unit in 1984.  This action was settled amicably on January 14, 2011.

He logged more than 5,200 hours flying time, including 5,000 hours in jet aircraft.

On December 21, 2017, McCandless died in Denver, Colorado at age 80.

## Other websites

- McCandless' official NASA biography
- Astronautix biography of Bruce McCandless
- Spacefacts biography of Bruce McCandless
- McCandless at Spaceacts
- McCandless at Encyclopedia of Science
- McCandless at International Space Hall of Fame
Roswell Rudd

**Roswell Hopkins Rudd Jr.** (November 17, 1935 – December 21, 2017) was an American jazz trombonist and composer. He was born in Sharon, Connecticut. Although he worked in many genres of jazz (including Dixieland, which he performed while in college) and other genres of music, he was known primarily for his work in free and avant-garde jazz.

From 1962 until his death in 2017, Rudd had worked extensively with saxophonist Archie Shepp. He was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1999.

Rudd died on December 21, 2017 of prostate cancer in Kerhonkson, New York at the age of 82.

## Other websites

- Roswell Rudd and Verna Gillis feature, nytimes.com, November 23, 2007.
- Interview with Roswell Rudd, npr.org, 2002
- Discography , mindspring.com; accessed December 22, 2017.
Jason Lowndes

**Jason Lowndes** (14 December 1994 – 22 December 2017) was an Australian cyclist. He was born in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. He rode professionally for Garneau–Québecor, Drapac Professional Cycling and Israel Cycling Academy teams.

Lowndes died after being hit from behind by a car near Bendigo, Victoria at the age of 23.
Gerald B. Greenberg

**Gerald Bernard "Jerry" Greenberg** (July 29, 1936 – December 22, 2017) was an American movie editor with more than 40 feature movie works. He was born in New York City. Greenberg won both the Academy Award for Film Editing and the BAFTA Award for Best Editing for the movie _The French Connection_ (1971). In the 1980s, he edited five movies with director Brian De Palma. He also worked on _Apocalypse Now_ and _Scarface_.

Greenberg died on December 22, 2017 in Santa Monica, California of a stroke at the age of 81.
Silvia Legrand

**María Aurelia Paula Martínez Suárez**, known professionally as **Silvia Legrand** (23 February 1927 – 1 May 2020), was an Argentine movie actress. She co-starred with her twin sister Mirtha Legrand, in many movies and was the sister of director José A. Martínez Suárez. She starred in some 20 movies between 1940 and 1972. Legrand was known for her roles in _Educating Niní_ (1940) and in _Seven Women_ (1944).

Legrand died of cardiac arrest on 1 May 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 93.

## Other websites

- Biography .

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Silvia Legrand
- **image**: Silvia Legrand 1959.jpg
- **caption**: Silvia Legrand in 1959
- **birth place**: Villa Cañas, Santa Fe Province, Santa Fe, Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **yearsactive**: 1940 - 1972
- **birth name**: María Aurelia Paula Martínez Suárez
- **spouse**: Eduardo Lópina (1944-2005)
- **children**: 2
Mirtha Legrand

**Rosa María Juana Martínez Suárez** (born 23 February 1927), known by her stage name **Mirtha Legrand** is an Argentine actress and television presenter. She is the twin sister of Silvia Legrand. She is known for her roles in _Educating Niní_ and in _Los martes, orquídeas_ (1941).

With a 72-year career, Legrand is one of the most popular entertainment figures in Argentina. Despite having appeared in 36 movies and twelve theatrical performances, Legrand is best known for her television programmes.

Her brother was movie director José A. Martínez Suárez.

## Other websites

- Mirtha Legrand  at cinenacional.com
- Biography of Mirtha Legrand
- Legend about Mirtha Legrand

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mirtha Legrand
- **image**: Mirtha Legrand 2013.jpg
- **caption**: Mirtha Legrand in 2013
- **birth place**: Villa Cañás, Argentina
- **birth name**: Rosa María Juana Martínez Suárez
- **other names**: Chiquita, Chiqui
- **spouse**: Daniel Tinayre (1946–1994)
- **occupation**: Actress, presenter
- **years active**: 1940–present
Dick Savitt

**Richard Savitt** (March 4, 1927 – January 6, 2023) was an American tennis player.

In 1951, at the age of 24, he won both the Australian and Wimbledon men's singles championships. Savitt was mostly ranked world No. 2 the same year behind fellow amateur Frank Sedgman, though was declared world No. 1 by The New York Times and The Owosso Argus-Press following his Wimbledon victory. He retired the next year. Savitt is one of four American men who have won both the Australian and British Championships in one year, following Don Budge (1938) and preceding Jimmy Connors (1974) and Pete Sampras (1994 and 1997).

Savitt died on January 6, 2023, in Manhattan, New York City. He was 95.

## Infobox (tennis biography)

- **name**: Dick Savitt
- **fullname**: Richard Savitt
- **birth place**: Bayonne, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
- **college**: Cornell University<small> (57–2 record in singles)</small>
- **turnedpro**: 1944<small> (amateur tour)</small>
- **retired**: 1952<small> (played part-time afterwards)</small>
- **plays**: Right-handed (one-handed backhand)
- **tennishofyear**: 1976
- **tennishofid**: dick-savitt
- **highestsinglesranking**: No. **1** (July 1951<small>, The New York Times, NY Times</small>)
- **australianopenresult**: **W** (1951 Australian Championships - Men's Singles, 1951)
- **frenchopenresult**: QF (1951 French Championships (tennis), 1951, 1952 French Championships (tennis), 1952)
- **wimbledonresult**: **W** (1951 Wimbledon Championships - Men's Singles, 1951)
- **usopenresult**: SF (1950 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles, 1950, 1951 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles, 1951)
- **frenchopendoublesresult**: F (1951, 1952)
- **medaltemplates-expand**: yes
Reimerswaal

**Reimerswaal**, Zeelandic: _Reimerswaol_, is a municipality on the former island of Zuid-Beveland, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

About 22,000 people were living in Reimerswaal in 2017.

North of the municipality lies the Eastern Scheldt, south the Western Scheldt.

Reimerswaal borders the Province of North Brabant, and the Belgian Province of Antwerp (just a small piece).

Yerseke is the biggest village in Reimerswaal. It is famous for its breeding of blue mussels and oysters.

## Settlements

Villages with people in the municipality of Reimerswaal:
- Hansweert: 1,631
- Krabbendijke: 4,439
- Kruiningen: 4,246
- Oostdijk: 551
- Rilland: 3,053
- Waarde: 1,281
- Yerseke: 6,740
Shinjitai

**Shinjitai** (kanji: 新字体, kana:しんじたい) literally means "new character forms" in Japanese. These are kanji (the Japanese word for Chinese characters) that were simplified in Japan after World War II. At that time the Japanese government changed the writing system by replacing many kyūjitai (kanji: 旧字体, kana: きゅうじたい, meaning: old character forms) by making simpler characters. These newer characters had the exact same meaning and pronunciations as the older ones, but they could be written with fewer strokes of a pen. For example, the character 樂 simplified to 楽. Some shinjitai characters are also used as simplified Chinese characters. For example, the character 国 is used in both Japanese and simplified Chinese. However, most shinjitai look more like traditional Chinese characters (called kyūjitai in Japanese) than even simplified Chinese characters do, and there are also far fewer shinjitai than simplified Chinese characters. While most Japanese words these days use the shinjitai form, there are a few words where writing the kyūjitai form is still common. For example, the word "dragon" is usually written using the shinjitai character 竜, but writing the kyūjitai character 龍 for it is also still quite common. For most kanji, however, the shinjitai form is unchanged from the kyūjitai form.

## Comparison of Kyūjitai, Shinjitai, and Simplified Chinese Characters

|Kyūjitai|Shinjitai|Simplified Chinese|Meaning|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="4"|**Characters simplified differently in both Japanese and Chinese**|||
|龍|竜|龙|dragon|
|龜|亀|龟|turtle|
|廣|広|广|wide / expanse|
|闗|関|关|close|
|單|単|单|single / odd|
|亞|亜|亚|inferior / second ; Asia|
|樂|楽|乐|happy / cheerful / joy / pleasure|
|圓|円|圆|round/ Japanese _yen_ or Chinese _yuan_ (name of currency)|
|鐡|鉄|铁|iron / railroad|
|齒|歯|齿|tooth|
|歸|帰|归|return|
|麵|麺|面|noodles|
|colspan="4"|**Characters simplified the same way in both Japanese and Chinese**|||
|國|国|国|country / kingdom / state / nation|
|濕|湿|湿|wet / damp|
|豿|狗|狗|dog|
|舊|旧|旧|old|
|體|体|体|form|
|colspan="4"|**Characters simplified in Chinese but not in Japanese**|||
|東|東|东|east|
|車|車|车|car / coach / cart / vehicle ; wheel|
|飮|飲|饮|drink|
|話|話|话|talk / speech|
|銀|銀|银|silver|
|紙|紙|纸|paper|
|貝|貝|贝|shell|
|測|測|测|survey /  measure|
|門|門|门|door / gate|
|聞|聞|闻|hear / news|
|葉|葉|叶|leaf|
|機|機|机|machine|
|愛|愛|爱|love|
|colspan="4"|**Characters simplified in Japanese but not in Chinese**|||
|渴|渇|渴|thirsty|
|冰|氷|冰|ice|
|佛|仏|佛|Buddha / Buddhism|
|colspan="4"|**Characters not simplified in either language**|||
|潟|潟|潟|salinized soil / lagoon|
|鼠|鼠|鼠|mouse / rat / rodent|
TFL

**TFL** or **TfL** can mean:

## Businesses and organisations

- Transport for London (TfL), an English public transport body
- Trees for Life (disambiguation), several reforesting charities
- TUI fly Netherlands, a Dutch airline (ICAO:`TFL`)

## Sport

- Tackle for loss, a gridiron football defensive play
- Tasmanian Football League, an Australian rules competition

## Science, medicine and technology

- Tensor fasciae latae muscle, a thigh/hip muscle
- Terry Fox Laboratory, a unit of BC Cancer Agency, Canada
- Thermally fused laminate, or thermally fused melamine, a material
- Transient friction loading, vibrational mechanical stress

## Other uses

- Tyskarna från Lund, a Swedish synthpop band
- "True forced loneliness", a term used by incels
Jesús Castillo Rangel

**Jesús Castillo Rangel** (24 October 1896 – 20 December 2017), also known as _Don Chuchito_, was a Mexican revolutionary leader. He was born in Chiapas, Mexico. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living person in Mexico. His age and date of birth is verified by the Archivo General de la Nación. He fought in the Mexican Revolution in Quintana Roo.

Rangel died at the alleged age of 121 on 20 December 2017 in Quintana Roo, Mexico of respiratory failure.

## Related pages

- Oldest people
John Joubert

**John Pierre Herman Joubert** ( ) (20 March 1927 – 7 January 2019) was a South African-born British composer who worked in choral works.

## Biography

A music academic at the universities of Hull and Birmingham for 36 years, Joubert took early retirement in 1986 to concentrate on composing and remained active into his 80s.

Though perhaps his best known for his choral music, were the carols _Torches_ and _There is No Rose of Such Virtue_ and the anthem _O Lorde, the Maker of Al Thing_. Joubert composed over 160 works including two symphonies, four concertos and seven operas.

Joubert was born in Cape Town, South Africa. He studied at Diocesan College, South African College of Music and at the Royal Academy of Music.

Joubert lived in Moseley, a suburb of Birmingham, England, for over 50 years at the time of his death. He died on 7 January 2019 in Moseley at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Official website of John Joubert
- John Joubert's profile on the website of Chester Music and Novello & Co.
- John Joubert on the website Classical Music on the Web
The Equals

**The Equals** were a British pop, R&B and rock group. They were formed in North London, England in 1965. They are mainly remembered for their million-selling UK number 1, "Baby, Come Back". Eddy Grant founded the group. The group's members were Grant, John Hall, Pat Lloyd, and brothers Derv and Lincoln Gordon. Grant left the group in 1971. The Equals stopped performing in 1979.

The Equals were one of the first racially united bands in the United Kingdom. Grant was born in Guyana, Hall and Lloyd were from London, and the Gordon brothers were born in Jamaica.
Eddy Grant

**Edmond Montague** "**Eddy**" **Grant** (born 5 March 1948) is a Guyanese-born British musician. He was a founding member of The Equals, one of the United Kingdom's first racially united music groups. He left the group in 1971. He is also known for a successful solo career that includes the platinum funk single "Electric Avenue" and the reggae song "I Don't Wanna Dance".

Grant was born in Plaisance, British Guiana (now Guyana). His younger brother, Rudy, is a reggae musician. In 1960, he moved to London to live with his parents.
Drea de Matteo

**Andrea Donna** "**Drea**" **de Matteo** (born January 19, 1972) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles on television such as Adriana La Cerva in the HBO drama series _The Sopranos_, Angie Bolen in the ABC drama series _Desperate Housewives_, Joey Tribbiani's sister Gina in the NBC sitcom _Joey_ and Wendy Case in the FX drama series _Sons of Anarchy_. She won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for her role on _The Sopranos_ in 2004. She has starred as Detective Tess Nazario in the NBC crime-drama _Shades of Blue_ since 2016.

De Matteo was born in Queens, New York. She is of Italian ancestry. She dated country musician Shooter Jennings from 2001 to 2013. They have two children. She became engaged to Michael Devin in 2015.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Drea de Matteo
- **image**: Drea de Matteo 2.jpg
- **caption**: De Matteo in January 2005
- **birth name**: Andrea Donna de Matteo
- **birth place**: Queens, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **nationality**: Americans, American
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **partner**: Shooter Jennings (2001–2013)
Michael Devin (?–present)
- **children**: 2
Cash Levy

**Cassius** "**Clay**" **Levy** is an American stand-up comedian and actor, best known for creating _Cashing in with T. J. Miller_.

He was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
Edgar Wright

**Edgar Howard Wright** (born 18 April 1974) is a British movie director, screenwriter and producer. He is best known for directing the movies _Shaun of the Dead_ (2004), _Hot Fuzz_ (2007), _Scott Pilgrim vs. the World_ (2010), _The World's End_ (2013), _Baby Driver_ (2017), and _Last Night in Soho_ (2021). He has also co-wrote the movies _The Adventures of Tintin_ (2011) and _Ant-Man_ (2015).

Wright was born in Poole, Dorset, England. He grew up in Wells, Somerset. He dated American actress Anna Kendrick from 2009 to 2013.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Edgar Wright
- **image**: Edgar Wright by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg
- **caption**: Wright at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con.
- **birth name**: Edgar Howard Wright
- **birth place**: Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom
- **nationality**: British people, British
- **years active**: 1988–present
The New Zealand Herald

***The New Zealand Herald*** is a daily newspaper published in Auckland, New Zealand. It is the most printed and sold newspaper in New Zealand. It peaked at over 200,000 copies daily in 2006.

The newspaper was founded in 1863. The current editor is Murray Kirkness.
Paulo Costanzo

**Paulo Costanzo** (born September 21, 1978) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his roles as Rubin Carver in the comedy movie _Road Trip_ (2000), Joey Tribbiani's cousin Michael in the NBC sitcom _Joey_ and as Evan R. Lawson in the USA Network drama series _Royal Pains_.

Costanzo was born in Brampton, Ontario. He is of Italian and Jewish ancestry. He is color blind.
Andrey Zaliznyak

**Andrey Anatolyevich Zaliznyak** (29 April 1935 – 24 December 2017) was a Russian linguist, an expert in historical linguistics and grammar. He was born in Moscow. He was known for his attention to the popularizing of linguistics and to the struggle against pseudoscience. In 2004, he published a study of the Tale of Igor's Campaign.

Zaliznyak lectured in the Moscow University, University of Geneva, and University of Paris. Zaliznyak's first monograph, _Russian Nominal Inflection_ (1967), remains a definitive study in the field. Ten years later, he published a highly viewed _Russian Grammar Dictionary_.

Zaliznyak died on 24 December 2017 at the age of 82.
Charlotte Mailliard Shultz

**Charlotte Mailliard Shultz**, RVO (born **Charlotte Smith**; September 26, 1933 – December 3, 2021) was an American heiress and socialite. She was the Chief of Protocol for the state of California under Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, and the Chief of Protocol for the City and County of San Francisco under Mayor Ed Lee. She was born in Borger, Texas.

Mailliard was married to United States Secretary of State George P. Shultz from 1997 until his death in February 2021.

Mailliard died on December 3, 2021 from problems caused by breast cancer in Stanford, California at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- "_New York Times_ Wedding Announcement: George P. Shultz, Charlotte Swig", nytimes.com; accessed August 26, 2015.
- "The High Priestess of Partydom" , sfgate.com, February 4, 1996; accessed August 26, 2015.
Thann, Haut-Rhin

**Thann** is a commune in Alsace in north-eastern France, in the Haut-Rhin department, of which it is a subprefecture. It is in the Grand Est region.

The _commmune_ is in the historical and cultural region of Alsace. The name of the town comes from the German word _tanne_ that means fir; there is a fir in the coat of arms of Thann.

## Geography

Thann is in the southwest of the Haut-Rhin department at the foot of the Vosges mountains, at the mouth of the valley of the Thur river. The Thur runs through the middle of the town.

It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Thann is at  from Strasbourg, the regional capital; at  from Colmar, the departamental capital; and at  from Mulhouse.

The _commune_ of Thann is surrounded by the _communes_ Goldbach-Altenbach, Vieux-Thann, Leimbach and Bitschwiller-lès-Thann.

### Climate

The climate of Thann, in the Köppen climate classification, is **Cfb** - Oceanic climate with template summers.

## Population

The inhabitants of Thann are known, in French, as _Thannois_ (women: _Thannoises_).

With a population of 7,915, Thann has a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

**Evolution of the population in Thann**

## Administration

Thann is a subprefecture of the Haut-Rhin department since 1800. It is the capital of the Thann-Guebwiller _arrondissement_. It is in the Cernay canton.

It is part of the intercommunality _Thann-Cernay_.

### Twin towns

Thann is twinned with:
- - Gubbio, Italy
- - Tonneins, France
- - Bafia, Cameroon

## Related pages

- Arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller
- Communes of the Haut-Rhin department

## Other websites

- Ville de Thann - Official site

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Thann
- **commune status**: Subprefectures in France, Subprefecture and Communes of France, commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Thann 68.svg
- **image**: Thur Thann.jpg
- **caption**: The Thur river through Thann.
- **arrondissement**: Thann-Guebwiller
- **canton**: Cernay
- **insee**: 68334
- **postal code**: 68000
- **population demonym**: Thannois
- **mayor**: Romain Luttringer
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **intercommunality**: Thann-Cernay
- **elevation m**: 625
- **elevation min m**: 328
- **elevation max m**: 922
- **area km2**: 12.51
- **population**: 7915
- **population date**: 2014
Schortens

**Schortens** is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has 12 districts: Schortens, Heidmühle, Grafschaft, Accum, Sillenstede, Schoost, Roffhausen, Middelsfähr, Addernhausen, Oestringfelde, Ostiem and Upjever.

## Infobox (german location)

- **type**: Stadt
- **name**: Schortens
- **image photo**: Luftaufnahmen Nordseekueste 2012 05 D50 by-RaBoe 119.jpg
- **image coa**: Coat of arms Schortens.png
- **image flag**: Flagge Schortens.svg
- **image plan**: Schortens in FRI.svg
- **state**: Niedersachsen
- **district**: Friesland
- **elevation**: 6
- **area**: 68.67
- **population**: 21132
- **stand**: 2006-12-31
- **postal code**: 26419
- **area code**: 04421–23, 04461, 04468
- **licence**: FRI
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 03 4 55 015
- **divisions**: 12 districts
- **mayor**: Gerhard Böhling
- **party**: Independent
Cyril Beavon

**Cyril Beavon** (27 September 1937 – 22 December 2017) was an English footballer. He played in the Football League for Oxford United.

Beavon died on 22 December 2017 at the age of 80.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Cyril Beavon
- **birth place**: Barnsley, England
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **years1**: 1956–1959
- **years2**: 1959–1969
- **years3**: 1969–1972
- **clubs1**: Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C., Wolverhampton Wanderers
- **clubs2**: Oxford United F.C., Oxford United
- **clubs3**: Banbury United F.C., Banbury United
- **caps1**: 0
- **caps2**: 461
- **caps4**: 689
- **goals1**: 0
- **goals2**: 127
- **goals4**: 7
Gotthard Base Tunnel

The **Gotthard Base Tunnel** (**GBT**; , , ) is a railway tunnel in Switzerland. With a route length of , it is the longest tunnel in the world. The link consists of two single-track tunnels connecting Erstfeld (Uri) with Bodio (Ticino) and passing below Sedrun (Graubünden). The main purpose of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is to increase local transport capacity through the Alpine barrier, especially for freight, notably on the Rotterdam–Basel–Genoa corridor, and more specifically to shift freight volumes from trucks to freight trains. This both significantly reduces the danger of fatal road crashes involving trucks, and reduces the environmental damage caused by  heavy trucks. The tunnel provides a faster connection between the canton of Ticino and the rest of Switzerland, as well as between northern and southern Europe, cutting the Basel/Zurich–Lugano–Milan journey time for passenger trains by 1 hour (and from Lucerne to Bellinzona by 45 minutes). After 64 percent of Swiss voters accepted the NRLA project in a 1992 referendum, first preparatory and exploratory work began in 1996. The official start of construction began on 4 November 1999 at Amsteg. As of 1998, the total projected cost of the project was CHF 6.323 billion; as of December 2015, the final cost is projected as CHF 9.560 billion.

## Other websites

- AlpTransit Gotthard AG