juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Luiz Alberto Dias Menezes

**Luiz Alberto Dias Menezes** (5 October 1950 – 9 July 2014) was a Brazilian geologist, mineralogist and mineral dealer. He collected the material which was used in the discovery of the mineral menezesite, which was named in his honor. He was born in São Paulo.

Menezes died on 9 July 2014 in São Paulo, aged 63.

## Other websites

- <small></small>
Fitzgerald Theater

The **Fitzgerald Theater** is the oldest active theatre in Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is the home of American Public Media's _A Prairie Home Companion_.  The theater is owned by Minnesota Public Radio. The Fitzgerald was also the location for the 2006 film of the same name.

## History

It was built in 1910 at a cost of $165,000. It had a sandstone front and was of concrete and steel construction. The theatre had several very modern features for its time. It had 2,000 electric light bulbs. The stage could be lowered and raised by two feet. It had 16 dressing rooms and a side entrance for those arriving in automobiles. It was one of many theaters built by the Shubert Theatre Corporation. It was originally named the Sam S. Shubert Theater. The theatre was designed by the noted Chicago architectural firm of Marshall and Fox.

By 1933 it had fallen on hard times. Even the Broadway shows that played there could not make it profitable. That same year it was remodeled in the Art Deco style and renamed the World Theatre. It became a movie theatre and specialized in showing foreign films. By 1978 it was scheduled to be torn down. Minnesota Public Radio was looking for a new home for one of it's programs, A Prairie Home Companion. They were able to lease the theatre for a very reasonable price. It was  placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 as the Sam S. Shubert Theatre and Shubert Building. In 1985 it was decided the building was unsafe and was in danger of closing permanently. After raising nearly two million dollars, the building was once again renovated. In 1994 it was renamed after St. Paul native F. Scott Fitzgerald.

## Movie location

In 2005, the theater was used for filming the movie _A Prairie Home Companion_, directed by Robert Altman. Garrison Keillor, the star of the radio show also starred in the movie. He was instrumental in getting Hollywood stars such as Meryl Streep and Lily Tomlin for the movie.

The movie was shot digitally which allowed the cast and crew to fit into the small building. Even the theatre's basement was used for movie sets. With all the actors, technicians, electricians and carpenters squeezed into a small space, it was "as crowded as an ant farm". A Hollywood-style premiere was held at the Fitzgerald on 3 May 2006. A parade led from Rice Park to the theatre and the red carpet was laid out for the stars who arrived in white horse-drawn carriages.

## Other websites

- The Fitzgerald Theater
- MPR: Coleman, Mondale debate
Typhoon Rammasun

**Typhoon Rammasun** (known in the Philippines as **Typhoon Glenda**) was a 2014 Pacific Ocean typhoon. It affected Guam. It was expected to come to the Philippines, Taiwan, eastern China and Vietnam.

As of July 18, the storm's winds were .

Storm notices and warnings were activated from the Philippines to Vietnam and China. The Philippine threat from this typhoon was especially strong.

## Impact

As of July 18, the typhoon had killed 38 people in the Philippines.
Palin

**Palin** may refer to:

- Michael Palin (born 1943), British entertainer, world traveller and television presenter
- Sarah Palin (born 1964), American politician
- Palin, Arunachal Pradesh, Indian town
Battle of the Wilderness

The **Battle of the Wilderness** was a battle of the American Civil War. It was the first battle of the Overland Campaign. It was fought from May 5 to 7, 1864. A Union army commanded by U.S. Grant started marching south to capture Richmond, Virginia. The Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by Robert E. Lee, attacked Grant's army in an area called the Wilderness. After two days, Grant wasn't able to defeat Lee's army. He then decided to move the Union army southward to get between Lee and Richmond. This resulted in the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. This was a battle that was considered inconclusive.
Lofsdalen

**Lofsdalen** is a minor locality and ski resort located in Härjedalen Municipality, Sweden. In 2010, 116 people lived there.

## Other websites

- Lofsdalen home page

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Lofsdalen
- **native name**: Lofsdalen
- **native name lang**: sv
- **image skyline**: Central Lofsdalen village 2013-03-09.jpg
- **image caption**: Central Lofsdalen in March 2013
- **subdivision type**: Swedish county
- **subdivision name**: Jämtland County, Jämtland
- **subdivision type1**: Municipalities of Sweden
- **subdivision name1**: Härjedalen Municipality, Härjedalen
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
Onsala

**Onsala** is a locality located in Kungsbacka Municipality, Sweden.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Onsala
- **image skyline**: Onsala kyrka.jpg
- **image caption**: Church (building), Church in Onsala from the 12th century
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Kungsbacka Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Halland County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Halland
- **area total km2**: 10.53
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 11,951
- **population density km2**: 1135
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Krombacher Brauerei

**Krombacher Brauerei** is one of the largest private owned breweries in Germany and the best selling German beer in 2015. Their headquarters are in Kreuztal, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

## Other websites

- Krombacher Official Page
Kreuztal

**Kreuztal** is a town in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. As of 2012, 30,827 people live there.

## History

The first documents about the area go back to 1067. The town began to develop in 1861 after the _Ruhr-Sieg_ railroad was made, making Kreuztal a railroad hub at that time. The town of Kreuztal was made on 1 January 1969.
Panzer I

The **Panzer I** tank was a Nazi Germany light tank that was used during many wars of the 1930s as well as during World War II. The name of the tank is short for **Panzerkampfwagen I** ("armored fighting vehicle mark I") (abbreviated _PzKpfw I_).

The tank was only intended for use as a training tank to introduce the concept of armoured warfare to the German Army. The tank was used in combat in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, in Poland, France, the Soviet Union and North Africa during the Second World War, and in China during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The tank had thin armor and light armament of two machine guns. It was weak in combat but was a large part of Germany's tank forces. The Panzer I was replaced by the Panzer IV, Panther, and Tiger later on.

## Infobox (weapon)

- **name**: Panzerkampfwagen I
- **image**: SdKfz101.jpg
- **caption**: A Panzerkampfwagen I Ausf. A being displayed at the Deutsches Panzermuseum Munster in Germany
- **type**: Light tank
- **is vehicle**: yes
- **service**: 1934–1945 in Nazi Germany
- **used by**: Nazi Germany, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Republic of China, Kingdom of Hungary (Regency), Hungary, Francoist Spain, Spain
- **wars**: Spanish Civil War
World War II, Second World War
Second Sino-Japanese War
- **design date**: 1934
- **manufacturer**: Henschel, MAN SE, MAN, Krupp, Daimler-Benz, Daimler
- **production date**: 1934–1937
- **number**: 1493
- **crew**: 2 (commander and driver)
- **armour**: 7–13 mm
- **primary armament**: 2 × 7.92 mm MG-13, MG13 machine guns
- **engine**: Krupp M 305 four-cylinder air-cooled gasoline engine
- **engine power**: 60 PS (59 horsepower, hp, 44 kW)
- **pw ratio**: 11.1 PS/t
- **suspension**: leaf spring, leaf quarter-elliptic springs
- **vehicle range**: On-road:
Off-road:
- **speed**: On-road:
Off-road:
C.D. Lugo

**C.D. Lugo** is a football club which plays in Spain. C.D. Lugo consists of a subsidiary team, Polvorín FC, which currently competes in the RFEF Third Division.

## League position

|Season|League|Position|
| --- | --- | --- |
|2005/06|Tercera División|2rd / Group 1|
|2006/07|Segunda División B|9th / Group 1|
|2007/08|Segunda División B|7th / Group 1|
|2008/09|Segunda División B|8th / Group 1|
|2009/10|Segunda División B|7th / Group 1|
|2010/11|Segunda División B|1th / Group 1|
|2011/12|Segunda División B|3rd / Group 1|
|2012/13|Segunda División|11th|
|2013/14|Segunda División|12th|

## Infobox (football club)

- **clubname**: C.D. Lugo
- **fullname**: Club Deportivo Lugo, S.A.D.
- **founded**: 1953
- **ground**: Estadio Anxo Carro,
Lugo, Galicia, Spain
- **capacity**: 8,000
- **chairman**: José Bouso
- **manager**: Quique Setién
- **league**: Segunda División
- **season**: 2013/14
- **position**: Segunda División, 14th
High Point, North Carolina

**High Point** is a city in central North Carolina. In 2020, it had 114,059 people. It is southwest of Greensboro and southeast of Winston-Salem. High Point has furniture, textile and bus manufacturing.

High Point became a town in 1859.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: High Point, North Carolina
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: HighPoint,NC.jpg
- **image caption**: Downtown High Point
- **nickname**: North Carolina's International City, Home Furnishings and Hosiery Capital of the World, City of the Future, HP, Hype Point, The Pocket, The Point
- **image map**: Guilford County North Carolina incorporated and unincorporated areas High Point highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Guilford County, North Carolina, Guilford County and North Carolina
- **pushpin map**: North Carolina#USA
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **pushpin label**: High Point
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in North Carolina, Counties
- **subdivision name1**: North Carolina
- **subdivision name2**: Guilford County, North Carolina, Guilford, Davidson County, North Carolina, Davidson, Randolph County, North Carolina, Randolph, Forsyth County, North Carolina, Forsyth
- **established date**: May 26, 1859
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **total type**: Total
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 151.33
- **area total sq mi**: 58.43
- **area land km2**: 147.39
- **area land sq mi**: 56.91
- **area water km2**: 3.94
- **area water sq mi**: 1.52
- **area water percent**: 2.60
- **elevation ft**: 866
- **population total**: 114059
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 773.87
- **population density sq mi**: 2004.31
- **population urban**: 167830 (US: List of United States urban areas, 215th)
- **population density urban km2**: 642.9
- **population density urban sq mi**: 1665.1
- **population metro**: 776566 (US: List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 75th)
- **population rank**: List of United States cities by population, 266th in the United States
List of municipalities in North Carolina, 9th in North Carolina
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 27260–27265
- **area code**: Area code 336, 336
- **timezone**: Eastern Standard Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: −5
- **timezone dst**: EDT
- **utc offset dst**: −4
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 37-31400
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 2404696
- **blank2 name**: Primary Airport
- **blank3 name**: Public Transportation, Public transportation
- **image flag**: Flag of High Point, North Carolina.svg
- **image blank emblem**: High Point NC logo.webp
- **blank emblem type**: Logo
- **named for**: Highest point of the 1856 North Carolina Railroad
- **established title**: Municipal charter, Chartered
Greenville, North Carolina

**Greenville** is the county seat of Pitt County, North Carolina, in the eastern part of the state. It is on Tar River. In 2020, it had 87,521 people.
Alice Coachman

**Alice Marie Coachman** (November 9, 1923 – July 14, 2014) was an American athlete. She specialized in high jump. She was the first black woman to win an Olympic gold medal. In 2002 she was designated a Women's History Month Honoree by the National Women's History Project.

## Other websites

- Alice Coachman's oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project
- Alice Coachman  (Entry in the New Georgia Encyclopedia)
Albany, Georgia

**Albany** is a city in and the county seat of Dougherty County, Georgia, United States. Albany is in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 69,647 at the 2020 U.S. Census, making it the twelfth-largest city in Georgia.

Legendary singer Ray Charles was born in Albany in 1930.

## Further reading

- Carolyn Clive, Frances Davis, and Tom Liner, eds., _Glancing Backward: Albany, Georgia, 1836–1986_ (Albany, Ga.: Dougherty County School System and Sesquicentennial Publication Committee, 1986).
- Lee W. Formwalt, "A Garden of Irony and Diversity," in _The New Georgia Guide_ (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1996).
- Joseph Winthrop Holley, _You Can't Build a Chimney from the Top: The South through the Life of a Negro Educator_ (New York: William-Frederick Press, 1948).
- Thronateeska Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, _History and Reminiscences of Dougherty County, Georgia_ (1924; reprint, Spartanburg, S.C.: Reprint Co., 1978).
- Works Progress Administration, _Historical Background of Dougherty County, 1836–1940_ (Atlanta: Cherokee, 1981).

## Other websites

- South Georgia Historic Newspapers Archive Digital Library of Georgia
- Old U.S. Post Office and Courthouse

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Albany, Georgia
- **nickname**: The Good Life City, The Artesian City
- **settlement type**: City
- **image map**: Dougherty_County_Georgia_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Albany_Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location in Dougherty County, Georgia, Dougherty County and the state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: Political divisions of the United States, State
- **subdivision name1**: Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Georgia (U.S. state), County
- **subdivision name2**: Dougherty County, Georgia, Dougherty
- **government type**: City Commission
- **established title3**: Incorporated (city)
- **established date3**: December 27, 1838; 183 years ago
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 144.7
- **area land km2**: 144.8
- **area water km2**: 0.9
- **area total sq mi**: 55.9
- **area land sq mi**: 55.5
- **area water sq mi**: 0.3
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **population blank1**: Albanian
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 69,647
- **population density km2**: 535.0
- **population density sq mi**: 1,404.7
- **population metro**: 148,922
- **timezone**: North American Eastern Time Zone, EST
- **utc offset**: -5
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, EDT
- **utc offset dst**: -4
- **elevation m**: 62
- **elevation ft**: 203
- **postal code type**: ZIP code, ZIP code(s)
- **postal code**: 31701, 31705, 31707, 31721, 31763
- **area code**: Area code 229, 229
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 13-01052
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 0310424
- **website**: http://www.albany.ga.us
Oral rehydration therapy

**Oral rehydration therapy** is a treatment for dehydration: the sick person drinks water mixed with sugar and salt. They don't stop eating food. There is a mixture that is used for severe dehydration: This mixture also includes zinc. Those who take care of the sick person are taught how they can see it if the dehydration gets worse. The World Health Organization and UNICEF specify indications, preparations and procedures for ORT.

The therapy was developed in the second half of the 20th century. It has helped lower the number of human deaths from dehydration in vomiting and diarrheal illnesses, especially in cholera epidemics occurring in children. It is sign for public health getting better all over the world. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.

Before ORT was used often, most of the children who died in developing nations, died from diarrhea. Between 1980 and 2006, the introduction of ORT is thought to have lowered the number of young children who died anywhere in the world from 5 to 3 million every year. However, in 2008, diarrhea is still the second most common cause of death in children under five years (17 percent), (after pneumonia (19 percent)). Moreover, by the same year, the use of ORT in children under five had declined.

## Preparation

WHO and UNICEF developed official guidelines for how to make ORS. Depending on what materials are available, they propose different alternative preparations. Commercial preparations are available as either pre-prepared fluids or packets of oral rehydration salts (ORS) ready for mixing with the fluid.

WHO/UNICEF's formula is  salt (NaCal),  trisodium citrate dihydrate ,  KCl,  anhydrous glucose () per litre of fluid.

A basic oral rehydration therapy solution is composed of salt, sugar, and water in solution, made using a standard ratio and is appropriate for use in situations when ORS must be prepared without the standard ingredients.

- 30 ml sugar : 2.5 ml salt : 1 liter fluid
- 6 teaspoons (tsp). sugar : 0.5 tsp. salt : 1 quart fluid

The Rehydration Project says that making it a bit too thin (using more than 1 liter of fluid) is not bad for the sick person.

The best fluid is plain, clean water. However, fluids such as rice water, coconut water, vegetable broth, yogurt, weak unsweetened tea, unsweetened fresh fruit juice or even non-drinking water are recommended when plain, clean water is unavailable. Water can be made safe with chlorine, or by boiling it. However, ORS should still be given even if the water is maybe unsafe. Rehydration is more important.

The molar ratio of sugar to salt should be 1:1 and the solution should not be hyperosmolar. The Mayo clinic suggests half a teaspoon of salt, six level teaspoons of sugar and  water. The British Columbia health service suggests 1 part fruit juice without sugar, mixed with 4 parts water.
Don Lenhardt

**Donald Eugene** "**Don**" **Lenhardt** (October 4, 1922 – July 9, 2014), nicknamed "**Footsie**", as son of Henry and Nettie (nee Rumple) Lenhardt, was an American baseballer of Danube Swabians Background of Austria-Hungary. He was an outfielder, first baseman, third baseman, scout and coach in Major League Baseball. He played for the St. Louis Browns, the Chicago White Sox, the Boston Red Sox and the Detroit Tigers between 1950 and 1954.

Lenhardt was born in Alton, Illinois. He was nicknamed "Footsie" by teammates because he often had a hard time finding shoes that fit him right.

Lenhardt died on July 9, 2014 in Chesterfield, Missouri, aged 91.

## Other websites

- Don Lenhardt at Baseball-Reference
Kenneth J. Gray

**Kenneth James Gray** (November 14, 1924 – July 12, 2014) was an Americans politician, businessman and auctioneer. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a U.S. Representative from Illinois's 25th, 21st, 24th and 22nd congressional districts. He served as a Representative between 1955 to 1974 and 1985 to 1989.

Gray was born in West Frankfort, Illinois. He was a World War II veteran and got five medals for his service.

Gray died on July 12, 2014 in Herrin, Illinois, aged 89.
Peter Underwood

The Honourable **Peter George Underwood**  (10 October 1937 – 7 July 2014) was an Australian jurist and politician. He was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tasmania from 2004 to 2008. He was a judge of that court since 1984. He was the Governor of Tasmania from 2008 until his death in 2014. He replaced William Cox.

Underwood was born in the United Kingdom. He moved to Australia in 1950 at the age of 13. He served in the Royal Australian Navy and graduated from the University of Tasmania in 1960.

Underwood had a tumour removed from his kidney in early June 2014. However, he had a setback after coming back to office. He died from kidney cancer on 7 July 2014 in Hobart. He was 76.

## Other websites

- Peter Underwood  at the Supreme Court of Tasmania
Lois Johnson

**Lois Johnson Scoggins** (May 15, 1942 – July 7, 2014) was an American country music singer. She recorded for the record labels Columbia, MGM, 20th Century, Polydor between 1969 and 1978. She charted twenty singles on the Hot Country Songs charts. Her song "Loving You Will Never Grow Old" reached No. 6 in 1975. She toured with Hank Williams, Jr. between 1970 and 1973.

Johnson was born in Union County, Tennessee. She was raised in Maynardville, Tennessee.

Johnson died after a long illness on July 7, 2014 in Nashville, Tennessee, aged 72.
Robert C. Broomfield

**Robert Cameron Broomfield** (June 18, 1933 – July 10, 2014) was an American judge. He was a member of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. President Ronald Reagan nominated him on May 15, 1985 and he was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 10, 1985. He served as chief judge from 1994 to 1999 and as a senior judge until his death.

Broomfield was born in Detroit, Michigan. He went to both the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Arizona College of Law.

Broomfield died from cancer on July 10, 2014 in Phoenix, Arizona, aged 81.
Canis

***Canis*** is a genus with seven to ten living species. It incudes the domestic dog, wolves, coyotes, and jackals, and various extinct species. 'Canis' means "dog" in Latin.

Their canine teeth are adapted for killing, and their molar teeth can crunch bone. They are able to chase prey over long distances, far more so than felines.
Nancy Astor

**Nancy Astor**, Vicountess Astor CH (Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, 19 May 1879  2 May 1964) was an American-born English politician and socialite.

She was the first woman to sit as a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons. Her second husband was Waldorf Astor.

## England

She was once asked by an English woman, "Have you come to get our husbands?"  Her reply, "If you knew the trouble I had getting rid of mine....." charmed her listeners and displayed the wit which later became famous.

Her second husband, Waldorf Astor, was born in the United States but the family to England when Waldorf was twelve. The couple were well matched from the start. Not only were they both American expatriates with similar temperaments, but they were of the same age, being born on the same day, 19 May 1879.

After marrying Waldorf, Nancy moved into Cliveden, a lavish estate in Buckinghamshire on the River Thames. It was a wedding gift from Astor's father, She became a prominent hostess for the social elite. The Astors also owned a grand London house, No. 4 St. James's Square, which is now the premises of the Naval & Military Club.

A blue plaque unveiled in 1987 commemorates Astor at St. James's Square. Through her many social connections, Lady Astor became involved in a political circle which advocated unity and equality among English-speaking people and support for British imperialism.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Nancy Witcher Langhorne
- **image**: Nancy Viscountess Astor by John Singer Sargent.jpeg
- **caption**: Portrait of Nancy Astor by John Singer Sargent, 1909
- **constituency mp**: Plymouth Sutton (UK Parliament constituency), Plymouth Sutton
- **predecessor**: Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor, Waldorf Astor
- **successor**: Lucy Middleton
- **term start**: 28 November 1919
- **term end**: 5 July 1945
- **birth place**: Danville, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Grimsthorpe Castle, Lincolnshire, England
- **spouse**: Robert Gould Shaw II
(m. 1897–1903; divorced)
Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor, Waldorf Astor
(m. 1906–1952; his death)
- **party**: Conservative Party (UK), Coalition Conservative
- **residence**: Cliveden and Grimsthorpe Castle
- **occupation**: politician
- **parents**: Chiswell Langhorne, Chiswell Dabney Langhorne
Nancy Witcher Keene
Temptation of Wife (2012 TV series)

***Temptation of Wife*** is a Philippine television drama series. It is broadcast by GMA Network.

## Synopsis

Angeline and Heidi share a deep bond of friendship ever since Heidi was orphaned and was taken under the custody of Angeline's parents, Abner and Minda. Angeline grows up responsible and compassionate while Heidi, fueled by ambition and envy, secretly detests Angeline and always feels inferior next to her.

Many boys are attracted to Angeline but she falls in love with Marcel. It doesn't take long before Angeline becomes pregnant and gives up on her dreams of becoming a nurse in order to marry Marcel.

Although their marriage is void of happiness, Angeline tries to be an excellent wife to her husband, and takes good care of her in-laws, Romeo and Stella. However, she soon learns that the life she chose is full of lies and betrayals. Adding to her woes is her unexpected miscarriage. She soon discovers that Marcel is cheating on her and shocked to learn of Heidi’s treachery. Angeline is devastated by the thought of being betrayed by the two people closest to her heart.

Marcel decides to end his affair with Heidi but Heidi is already pregnant with his child. He chooses to live with her as Angeline is forced to go back and stay with her parents. But Angeline finds out that she, too, is pregnant with Marcel's child.

Heidi then tries to get rid of that child but ends up drowning Angeline herself by accident. But by a twist of fate, Angeline survives and is back for revenge. She assumes the identity of another woman and seeks out vengeance against Marcel and Heidi. Now, it's time for pay back and Angeline will do everything to taste the bittersweet part of her revenge.

## Infobox (television)

- **runtime**: 30-45 minutes
- **developer**: Dode Cruz
- **executive producer**: Carolyn B. Galve
- **cinematography**: Roman Theodosiss
- **theme music composer**: Tata Betita
- **composer**: Vehnee Saturno
- **opentheme**: "I Can't Forgive"
- **endtheme**: "Anong Daling Sabihin?" by Kyla
- **country**: Philippines
- **location**: Quezon City, Philippines
- **language**: Tagalog language, Tagalog
- **company**: GMA Entertainment TV
- **network**: GMA Network
- **camera**: Multiple-camera setup
- **num episodes**: 113
- **based on**: _Temptation of Wife (2008 TV series), Temptation of Wife_
Gert Voss

**Gert Voss** (10 October 1941 – 13 July 2014) was a German actor. He was known for his roles in _Der Kopf des Mohren_ (1995), _Doktor Knock_ (1996) and _Ritter, Dene, Voss_ (1987). He was born in Shanghai, China.

Voss died in Vienna, Austria from leukemia, aged 72.
Alfred de Grazia

**Alfred de Grazia**  (December 29, 1919 - July 12, 2014) was an American political scientist and author. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He developed techniques of computer-based social network analysis in the 1950s, developed new ideas about personal digital archives in the 1970s, and defended the catastrophism thesis of Immanuel Velikovsky.

On December 31, 2013, Alfred was awarded the highest French distinction, being made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor by decree of President François Hollande.

## Further reading

- _Quantavolution - Challenges to Conventional Science,_ Festschrift in honor of Alfred de Grazia's 90th birthday, compiled and edited by Ian Tresman, Knowledge Computing, UK (2010)

## Other websites

- The Grazian Archive: archived works of Alfred de Grazia
- The American State of Canaan
Alberto Cassano

**Alberto Cassano** (23 January 1935 – 12 July 2014) was an Argentine engineer and academic. He was a professor at the Universidad Nacional del Litoral during most of his career. He founded the program CONICET. He founded INTEC and CERIDE.

Cassano died in Santa Fe Province from a long illness, aged 79.
James MacGregor Burns

**James MacGregor Burns** (August 3, 1918 – July 15, 2014) was an American historian and political scientist, presidential biographer, and authority on leadership studies. He was the Woodrow Wilson Professor of Government Emeritus at Williams College and Distinguished Leadership Scholar at the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership of the School of Public Policy at the University of Maryland, College Park. He was notable for writing books about Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Burns was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was raised in Burlington, Massachusetts. Burns studied at Lexington High School in Lexington, Massachusetts and at Williams College.

In 1971, Burns received the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award in History and Biography for his work on America's 32nd president, _Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom_.

Burns died in Williamstown, Massachusetts on July 15, 2014, aged 95.

## Books

- _Government by the People_ (textbook, 21 editions) (Prentice-Hall, 1952–present).
- _Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox_ (Harcourt, Brace, 1956).
- _John Kennedy: A Political Profile_ (Harcourt, Brace, 1960).
- _The Deadlock of Democracy: Four-Party Politics in America_ (Prentice Hall, 1963).
- _Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom_ (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970) ().
- _The Three Roosevelts: Patrician Leaders Who Transformed America,_ with Susan Dunn (Atlantic Monthly Press, 2001) ().
- _Packing the Court: The Rise of Judicial Power and the Coming Crisis of the Supreme Court_ (Penguin Press, 2009) ().
- _Fire and Light: How the Enlightenment Transformed Our World_ (St. Martin's Press, 2013) ().

## Other websites

- Academy of Leadership
- University of Maryland's James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership
Vange Leonel

**Maria Evangelina** "**Vange**" **Leonel Gandolfo** (May 4, 1963 – July 14, 2014) was a Brazilian singer-songwriter, journalist, novelist, playwright, feminist and LGBT activist. She was famous for her work with the now-defunct post-punk band Nau.

On July 14, 2014, Vange died after a long struggle with ovarian cancer. Her body was cremated one day later.

## Other websites

- Official blog (inactive since 2011)

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Vange Leonel
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Maria Evangelina Leonel Gandolfo
- **origin**: São Paulo, São Paulo City, São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Brazil
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock, post-punk
- **occupation**: Singer-songwriter, journalist, novelist, playwright
- **years active**: 1985–2014
- **label**: CBS Records International, CBS, Sony Music Entertainment, Medusa Records
- **associated acts**: Nau
Robert A. Roe

**Robert A. "Bob" Roe** (February 28, 1924 – July 15, 2014) was an American Democratic Party politician. He represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives for over twenty-three years. He served from November 4, 1969 to January 3, 1993. He was also Mayor of Wayne, New Jersey.

Roe died at the age of 90 on July 15, 2014.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Robert A. Roe
- **image name**: Robert A. Roe.jpg
- **state**: New Jersey
- **district**: New Jersey's 8th congressional district, 8th
- **term start**: November 4, 1969
- **term end**: January 3, 1993
- **preceded**: Charles S. Joelson
- **succeeded**: Herb Klein (politician), Herb Klein
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **birth place**: Wayne, New Jersey, U.S.
- **death place**: Wayne, New Jersey
- **alma mater**: Oregon State University
Washington State University
Jean Dausset

**Jean-Baptiste-Gabriel-Joachim Dausset** (October 19, 1916 – June 6, 2009) was a French immunologist.

Dausset won the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1978. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1980 for his "discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions". He shared the prize with Baruj Benacerraf and George Davis Snell.

## Life

He was born on October 19, 1916 in Toulouse, France to Henri Dausset and Elisabeth Dausset (born Renard). Dausset was the youngest of four children. His father was a doctor from Pyrenees and his mother was a housewife from Lorraine. After World War I ended, the family moved to Biarritz where Jean would spend most of his childhood. His father worked at the Bayonne Hospital where he was a head doctor. Seeing this made a great impression on Jean. Jean was home schooled by his mother and a tutor who would come to the house. When Jean turned 11, his family moved to Paris and he began formal schooling at the Lycée Michel when he turned 15. After he was able to earn his baccalaureate in mathematics, he decided to study medicine at the University of Paris after being convinced by his father. Right after he became an extern at the Paris Hospitals when he turned 19, his parents both died. He was unable to pass his internship entrance exam at the Paris Hospitals on his first attempt. He was about to prepare for a second attempt but then World War II started. Dausset was sent off to Northern Italy for a year after he was enlisted in the French Army. After he spent a year there, he returned to Paris, studied and passed his medical internship exam. Soon after passing his exams, Dausset joined the Free French Forces in North Africa as an ambulance worker. He was first stationed in Morocco but was then moved to be stationed in the more active Tunisia. He got his first taste of hematology when he had to perform multiple blood transfusions on the wounded soldiers. When the war was winding down in 1944, Dausset decided to return to Paris and work in the Regional Blood Transfusion Center at the Saint-Antoine Hospital.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1991.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jean Dausset
- **image**: Jean Dausset 2005.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Dausset photographed by Studio Harcourt Paris in 2005
- **birth place**: Toulouse, France
- **death place**: Palma (Majorca), Palma, Majorca, Spain
- **nationality**: France, French
- **known for**: major histocompatibility complex, Fondation Jean Dausset-CEPH, CEPH
Assassination of Theo van Gogh

Dutch filmmaker **Theo van Gogh** was murdered by Mohammed Bouyeri in Amsterdam East, Netherlands in broad daylight. The director's last words, according to eyewitnesses, were "Mercy mercy! We can talk about this!"

## Attack and death

The murderer Mohammed Bouyeri an Islamic extremist killed van Gogh.  The reason for murdering Gogh was to oppose the controversial film which criticised Islam Submission. Bouyeri shot van Gogh multiple times. He attached a 5 page letter to van Gogh's chest with a knife. Bouyeri finally then slitting van Gogh's throat and nearly beheading van Gogh, killing him instantly from a massive loss of blood. Bouyeri was arrested by Dutch police force after he was shot in the leg. He was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. Bouyeri stated that he does not have any regret for murdering van Gogh. He termed the assassination as Jihad.

## Funeral

Van Gogh was buried in Amsterdam on 9 November, 2004. Van Gogh's son claimed that many assassination attempts were made but van Gogh refused to take police protection.

## Hirsi's hiding

Sooner after van Gogh's assassination, Ayaan Hirsi Ali and Geert Wilders went into hiding. This is because Bouyeri made death threats against Hirsi as the writer of the film.

## Memorial (The Scream)

On 18 March 2007, a sculpture honoring van Gogh, entitled _De Schreeuw_ ("The Scream"), was unveiled in Amsterdam. It is located in the Oosterpark, a short distance from where van Gogh was murdered.

## Other websites

- Theo van Gogh memorial defaced with black marker
- Full text of speech by Hans Teeuwen

## Infobox (civilian attack)

- **title**: Assassination of Theo van Gogh
- **image**: Theo van Gogh - Protesten op de Dam 2.jpg
- **caption**: Protests where van Gogh was killed
- **location**: Amsterdam East
- **target**: Theo Van Gogh
- **date**: 2 November 2004
- **time**: 9:00 Am
- **type**: Murder by shooting and stabbing, assassination
- **fatalities**: 1
- **injuries**: 0
- **perps**: Mohammed Bouyeri
- **weapons**: HS2000 handgun
- **numparts**: 1
- **motive**: To oppose the controversial film Submission (movie), Submission
Bernard Bailyn

**Bernard Bailyn** (9 September 1922 – 7 August 2020) was an American historian, author, and professor specializing in U.S. Colonial and Revolutionary-era History. He was a professor at Harvard University from 1953 until his death. Bailyn won the Pulitzer Prize for History twice (in 1968 and 1987).

In 1994 he was elected a foreign member of the Academia Europaea. In 1998 the National Endowment for the Humanities selected him for the Jefferson Lecture. He was a recipient of the 2010 National Humanities Medal.

Bailyn died of heart failure at his home in Belmont, Massachusetts on August 7, 2020 at the age of 97.

## Other websites

- "To Begin the World Anew"-Politics and the Creative Imagination  Jefferson Lecture for the National Endowment for the Humanities
- Bernard Bailyn: An Appreciation
- Considering the Slave Trade: History and Memory
- History News Network
- _Booknotes_ interview with Bailyn on _To Begin the World Anew_, March 23, 2003.
- "Into the Wilderness: ‘The Barbarous Years,’ by Bernard Bailyn", Charles C. Mann, _The New York Times_, 4 January 2013

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Bernard Bailyn
- **image**: Bernard Bailyn June 2012.jpg
- **birth place**: Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
- **death place**: Belmont, Massachusetts, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **fields**: American history
- **workplaces**: Harvard University
- **alma mater**: Williams College
Harvard University
- **doctoral students**: Gordon S. Wood, Pauline Maier
- **awards**: Pulitzer Prize for History (1968, 1987)
Bancroft Prize (1968)
Carl Neumann Degler

**Carl Neumann Degler** (February 6, 1921 in Newark, New Jersey – December 27, 2014 in Palo Alto, California) is an American historian. Degler served as president of the Organization of American Historians, president of the American Historical Association and president of the Southern Historical Association. He is the Margaret Byrne Professor of American History Emeritus at Stanford University.

Degler was born in Orange, New Jersey.

## Other websites

- "In Pursuit of an American History"  1986 AHA Presidential Address
- The Pulitzer Prizes
Orange, New Jersey

The **City of Orange** is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 34,447.

## Other websites

- City of Orange Township website
- Orange Board of Education
- Data for the Orange Board of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
- Citizens for Responsible Government website 

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Orange, New Jersey
- **official name**: City of Orange Township
- **settlement type**: Township (New Jersey), Township
- **image skyline**: 1st Church of Orange 1719 Presb jeh.JPG
- **imagesize**: 250x200px
- **image caption**: The former First Presbyterian Church
- **image map**: Essex County New Jersey incorporated and unincorporated areas City of Orange highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 260px
- **map caption**: Location in Essex County, New Jersey, Essex County and the state of New Jersey.
- **image map1**: Census_Bureau_map_of_Orange,_New_Jersey.png
- **mapsize1**: 250x200px
- **map caption1**: Census Bureau map of Orange, New Jersey
- **pushpin map**: USA New Jersey Essex County#USA New Jersey#USA
- **pushpin label**: Orange
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Essex County, New Jersey, Essex County##Location in New Jersey##Location in the United States
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in New Jersey, County
- **subdivision name2**: Essex County, New Jersey, Essex
- **government type**: Mayor-Council (Faulkner Act)
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City manager, Administrator
- **leader title2**: Clerk (municipal official), Deputy Clerk
- **established title**: Municipal corporation, Incorporated
- **established date**: November 27, 1806 (as township)
- **established title2**: Reincorporated
- **established date2**: April 3, 1872 (as city)
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 5.74
- **area land km2**: 5.73
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **area total sq mi**: 2.22
- **area land sq mi**: 2.21
- **area water sq mi**: <0.01
- **area water percent**: 0.09
- **area rank**: 392nd of 565 in state
19th of 22 in county
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 34447
- **population rank**: 69th of 565 in state
8th of 22 in county
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: 15565.7
- **population density rank**: 17th of 565 in state
3rd of 22 in county
- **timezone**: Eastern Time Zone, Eastern (EST)
- **utc offset**: −05:00
- **timezone dst**: Eastern Daylight Time, Eastern (EDT)
- **utc offset dst**: −04:00
- **elevation ft**: 197
- **postal code type**: ZIP Codes
- **postal code**: 07050–07051
- **area code**: Area codes 862 and 973, 973
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1729742
Shatsky Rise

The **Shatsky Rise** is an oceanic plateau southeast of Japan. It lies on the floor of the Pacific Ocean.

It includes what may be the largest volcano yet discovered on Earth, the Tamu Massif. The Rise and its volcanics may have formed during the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous epochs. It is at the triple junction of three tectonic plates. These are the Pacific, the Farallon, and the Izanagi.

It was named after Nikolay Shatsky (1895-1960), a Soviet geologist. He was an expert in tectonics of ancient platforms.
Paul is dead

"**Paul is dead**" is an urban legend and conspiracy theory suggesting that Paul McCartney of the English rock band the Beatles died in 1966 and was secretly replaced by a look-alike.

In September 1969, American college students published articles claiming that clues to McCartney's supposed death could be found among the lyrics and artwork of the Beatles' recordings. Rumours declined after a contemporary interview with McCartney was published in _Life_ magazine in November 1969.

Popular culture continues to make occasional reference to the legend, and McCartney poked fun at it with a 1993 live album titled _Paul Is Live_, whose cover parodied "clues" allegedly on the cover of the Beatles' _Abbey Road_ album.

## The evidence

The legend is based on a range of ideas. One theory says that facial recognition proves that a different person "became" Paul after 1966. The _Abbey Road_ cover clues include:
- The Beatles walking across the road look like a funeral procession
    - John Lennon dressed in white is the preacher
    - Ringo Starr dressed in black is the undertaker
    - George Harrison is dressed in work clothes is a grave digger.
- Paul is out of step with the others
- Paul is barefoot
- Paul is smoking a cigarette, sometimes called a "coffin nail"
- Paul is holding the cigarette in his right hand, even though he preferred his left hand
- A car number plate "LMW 28IF" means that he would be 28 had he lived
- The LMW means Lady McCartney Weeps (not Linda McCartney Weeps, because if Paul died in 1966, the real Paul would have never met Linda)

Additionally, when the song "I'm So Tired" is played backwards, John Lennon can be heard saying "Paul is a dead man. Miss him, miss him, miss him." This was likely inserted into the song to poke fun at believers of the conspiracy theory.
La Junta, Colorado

The **City of La Junta** is a city that is the county seat and the most populous city of Otero County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 7,322 at the 2020 U.S. Census.
Victoria Peak

**Victoria Peak** (, or previously Chinese: ) is a mountain in the western part of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is also called Mount Austin and The Peak. Its altitude is . It is the highest mountain on the Hong Kong Island.
In a broad sense Victoria Peak included **Mount Austin**, Victoria Gap, Mount Kellett and Mount Gough, Which are also apart of **Peak District/The Peak**.

(Tai Mo Shan is the highest mountain in Hong Kong).

## Related pages

- Hong Kong Island

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Victoria Peak
(Chinese) 太平山
- **photo**: Victoria Peak from Findlay Road.jpg
- **photo caption**: Victoria Peak, seen from Findlay Road
- **photo alt**: A wooded mountain with tall antennas around its summit and medium-height buildings below it. There is a tree on the left of the image. On the right, the mountain slopes down to an area next to water with some taller buildings.
- **elevation m**: 552
Lammtarra

**Lammtarra** (February 2, 1992 – July 6, 2014) was an unbeaten Thoroughbred racehorse. He won three Group One races in 1995. He was voted the Cartier Three-year-old European Champion Colt. He won the Epsom Derby in record time, the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. The only other horse to win these races was Mill Reef.

Lammtarra was bred in Kentucky, United States. He was trained in both the U.S. and the United Kingdom.

Lammtarra was first retired to Japan's Arrow Stud. He was later moved to England's Dalham Hall Stud in Newmarket, Suffolk. He died on July 6, 2014, at age 22.

## Other websites

- Lammtarra  at Godolphin
Vintage Crop

**Vintage Crop** (1 March 1987 – 14 July 2014) was a Thoroughbred racehorse. In 1993, he won the Melbourne Cup, becoming the first non-Australian bred/trained horse to do so.

Vintage Crop was bred in the United Kingdom but was trained in Ireland.

Vintage Crop was retired to the Irish National Stud in Kildare, County Kildare. He died on 14 July 2014, aged 27.