January 22

### Up to 1900

- 565 – Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
- 1462 – The Portuguese reach Sao Vicente, Cape Verde.
- 1506 – The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrive in Vatican City.
- 1517 – The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures the area that is now Egypt in the Battle of Ridaniya.
- 1521 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor opens the Diet of Worms.
- 1555 – The Ava Kingdom falls to the Taungoo Dynasty in what is now present–day Burma.
- 1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes on whether James II of England/James VII of Scotland abandoned the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland when he fled to France in 1688.
- 1771 – Spain gives Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England.
- 1824 – The Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast, present–day Ghana.
- 1840 – British colonists reach New Zealand.
- 1849 – Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last defenders  of Multan, Punjab, surrender.
- 1863 – The January Uprising begins the Poland, Lithuania and Belarus against Russian rule.
- 1873 – The British clipper _Northfleet_ collides with Spanish steamship _Murillo_ off Kent, killing 293 people.
- 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: In the Battle of Rorke's Drift, 139 British soldiers successfully defend  their garrison against an onslaught by 3 to 4,000 Zulu warriors. On the same day, Zulu warriors defeat British troops at the Battle of Isandlwana.
- 1890 – The United Mine Workers of America trade union is founded in Columbus, Ohio.
- 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss uniting.

### 1901 – 2000

- 1901 – Edward VII becomes King after Queen Victoria, dies. Her death ends the Victorian era, having reigned longer than any British monarch before her.
- 1905 – Bloody Sunday in Saint Petersburg: Start of the 1905 Revolution in Russia.
- 1906 – The ship SS _Valencia_ runs aground on Vancouver Island, killing more than 130 people.
- 1915 – Over 600 people are killed in Guadalajara, Mexico, when their train plunges off the tracks into a canyon.
- 1917 – World War I: US President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe.
- 1924 – Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is the first Prime Minister from the Labour Party.
- 1927 – Teddy Wakelam gives his first live video commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal FC and Sheffield United.
- 1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs sworn in as the first Australian–born Governor-General of Australia.
- 1934 – Opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District by Dmitry Shostakovich is first performed.
- 1941 – World War II: British and Commonwealth forces capture Tobruk in Libya from the Italians in Operation Bypass.
- 1944 – World War II: Allies begin Operation Shingle (an attack on Anzio, Italy).
- 1946 – The "Central Intelligence Group" is created. It is a forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
- 1953 – _The Crucible_, a play by Arthur Miller, starts on Broadway.
- 1957 – Israel leaves the Sinai Peninsula.
- 1959 – The Knox Mine Disaster occurs in Patston City, Pennsylvania kills 12 people, as water breaches the mine.
- 1962 – The Organization of American States (OAS) makes Cuba no longer a member.
- 1963 – The Elysee Treaty of cooperation between France and the Federal Republic of Germany is signed by French President Charles de Gaulle and German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer.
- 1968 – Apollo 5 lifts off, carrying the first lunar module into space.
- 1969 – A gunman attempts to kill Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
- 1970 – The world's first jumbo jet, a Boeing 747, enters commercial service for the first time, flying from New York City to London.
- 1971 – The Singapore Declaration, an important part of the treaty of the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1973 – A Boeing 737 of the Royal Jordanian Airline explodes at Kano Airport in northern Nigeria, killing 176 people.
- 1973 – George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the World Heavyweight Boxing champion.
- 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States shows its decision in Roe vs. Wade, stopping laws that limit abortion during the first six months of being pregnant.
- 1980 – Andrei Sakharov is arrested in Moscow.
- 1984 – The Apple Macintosh computer is introduced.
- 1987 – Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself during a live press conference.
- 1987 – Philippine Security forces open fire on a crowd  of 10,000 to 15,000 demonstrators in Manila, killing 13 people.
- 1991 – Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one patriot missile hit Ramat Gan, Israel, killing 96 people.

### From 2001

- 2003 – The Netherlands vote for a new parliament after the one before had only been into power for 86 days.
- 2006 – Anibal Cavaco Silva is elected President of Portugal.
- 2006 – Evo Morales becomes President of Bolivia.
- 2006 – Russia uncovers that the UK spied through a device disguised as a rock.
- 2007 – More than 88 people are killed in two car bombings in Baghdad.
- 2015 – After Houthi rebels seize the Presidential palace in the capital, Sana'a, Yemen's President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigns following months of unrest.
- 2018 – Former footballer George Weah becomes President of Liberia.

### Up to 1900

- 826 – Emperor Montoku of Japan (d. 858)
- 1263 – Ibn Taymiyyah, Syrian scholar and theologian (d. 1328)
- 1440 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505)
- 1552 – Walter Raleigh, English poet, soldier, courtier, spy and explorer (d. 1618)
- 1561 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher (d. 1626)
- 1592 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher (d. 1655)
- 1690 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)
- 1729 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer and philosopher (d. 1781)
- 1733 – Philip Carteret, English navy captain, discovered Pitcairn Island (d. 1796)
- 1781 – François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (d. 1849)
- 1788 – Lord Byron, English poet (d. 1824)
- 1796 – Karl Ernst Claus, Russian chemist (d. 1864)
- 1797 – Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress of Brazil (d. 1826)
- 1814 – Eduard Zeller, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1908)
- 1831 – Prince Christian III of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1917)
- 1840 – Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907)
- 1843 – Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (d. 1907)
- 1849 – August Strindberg, Swedish novelist and playwright (d. 1912)
- 1855 – Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, German physician (d. 1916)
- 1858 – Beatrice Webb, American sociologist and economist (d. 1943)
- 1865 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 1942)
- 1869 – José Vicente de Freitas, 97th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1952)
- 1874 – Vincenzo Lapuma, Italian cardinal (d. 1943)
- 1875 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, movie director and movie producer (d. 1948)
- 1877 – Hjalmar Schacht, German banker and politician (d. 1970)
- 1879 – Francis Picabia, French–born painter and poet (d. 1953)
- 1880 – Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956)
- 1882 – Theodore Kosloff, Russian–American actor, ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1958)
- 1885 – Eugène Christophe, French cyclist (d. 1970)
- 1890 – Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953)
- 1891 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher and political theorist (d. 1937)
- 1892 – Marcel Dassault, French businessman (d. 1986)
- 1893 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943)
- 1897 – Blind Willie Johnson, American blues and gospel musician (d. 1945)
- 1897 – Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (d. 1981)
- 1898 – Ross Barnett, American politician, 52nd Governor of Mississippi (d. 1987)
- 1898 – Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948)
- 1900 – Ernst Busch, German actor and singer (d. 1980)

### 1901 – 1950

- 1901 – Walther Sommerlath, German businessman, father of Queen Silvia of Sweden (d. 1990)
- 1901 – Ken G. Hall, Australian movie producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
- 1904 – George Balanchine, Georgian–born choreographer (d. 1983)
- 1904 – Arkady Gaidar, Russian writer (d. 1941)
- 1907 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (d. 1980)
- 1908 – Lev Davidovich Landau, Soviet physicist (d. 1968)
- 1909 – U Thant, Burmese diplomat and United Nations Secretary-General (d. 1974)
- 1909 – Ann Sothern, American actress (d. 2004)
- 1911 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990)
- 1913 – Henry Bauchau, Belgian psychoanalyst (d. 2012)
- 1913 – William Conway, Irish cardinal (d. 1977)
- 1915 – Heinrich Albertz, Mayor of Berlin (d. 1993)
- 1916 – Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1972)
- 1916 – Henri Dutilleux, French composer (d. 2013)
- 1918 – Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
- 1918 – Bruno Zevi, Italian architect, historian and professor (d. 2000)
- 1920 – Irving Kristol, American political commentator (d. 2009)
- 1920 – Chiara Lubich, Italian religious leader (d. 2008)
- 1920 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (d. 1999)
- 1922 – Howard Moss, American poet, playwright and critic (d. 1987)
- 1923 – Diana Douglas, Bermudan–American actress (d. 2015)
- 1924 – Ortvin Sarapu, New Zealand chess player (d. 1999)
- 1925 – Bobby George, American baseball player (d. 1985)
- 1929 – Petr Eben, Czech composer, organist and choirmaster (d. 2007)
- 1931 – Galina Zybina, Russian shot putter and javelin thrower
- 1932 – Piper Laurie, American actress
- 1934 – Vijay Anand, Indian actor, director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2004)
- 1934 – Bill Bixby, American actor (d. 1993)
- 1935 – Seymour Cassel, American actor
- 1935 – Saloma, Malaysian actress and singer, wife of P. Ramlee.
- 1936 – Ong Teng Cheong, President of Singapore (d. 2002)
- 1936 – Alan J. Heeger, American chemist
- 1936 – Valerio Zanone, Italian politician (d. 2016)
- 1938 – Altair Gomes de Figueiredo, Brazilian footballer
- 1939 – J. C. Trembley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)
- 1939 – Alfredo Palacio, former President of Ecuador
- 1940 – John Hurt, British actor (d. 2017)
- 1940 – Gillian Shepherd, British educator and politician
- 1941 – Jaan Kaplinski, Estonian writer and philosopher
- 1942 – Mimis Domazos, Greek footballer
- 1945 – Jean-Pierre Nicolas, French rally driver
- 1945 – Alojz Uran, former Roman Catholic Archbishop of Ljubljana
- 1945 – Christoph Schönborn, Austrian cardinal
- 1946 – Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (d. 2010)
- 1946 – Serge Savard, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1947 – Vladimir Oravsky, Swedish author
- 1948 – Gilbert Levine, American conductor
- 1949 – Steve Perry, American singer, composer and musician

### 1951 – 1975

- 1951 – Ondrej Nepela, Slovakian figure skater (d. 1989)
- 1953 – Myung-whun Chung, South Korean pianist and conductor
- 1954 – Chris Lemmon, American actor
- 1955 – Keiko Takahashi, Japanese actress
- 1955 – Thomas David Jones, American astronaut
- 1955 – Neil Bush, American businessman, brother of George W. Bush
- 1957 – Francis Wheen, English writer and journalist
- 1958 – Nikos Anastopoulos, Greek footballer
- 1959 – Linda Blair, American actress
- 1959 – Urs Meier, Swiss football referee
- 1960 – Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (d. 1997)
- 1962 – Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Malaysian Head of State
- 1963 – Neeraj Vora, Indian actor (d. 2017)
- 1964 – Nigel Benn, English boxer
- 1965 – Steven Adler, American drummer (Guns N' Roses)
- 1965 – Diane Lane, American actress
- 1967 – Eleanor McEvoy, Irish singer songwriter
- 1968 – Guy Fieri, American television host, chef and restaurateur
- 1968 – Heath, Japanese singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer
- 1970 – Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist
- 1971 – Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (d. 2017)
- 1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer
- 1971 – Sergei Zamorski, Russian–Estonian footballer
- 1972 – Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress
- 1973 – Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer
- 1974 – Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta

### From 1976

- 1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer
- 1977 – Mario Domm, Mexican singer-songwriter, pianist and producer
- 1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer
- 1981 – Ben Moody, American musician
- 1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress
- 1981 – Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer
- 1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer
- 1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1984 – Todor Slavov, Bulgarian rally driver (d. 2015)
- 1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer
- 1986 – Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model
- 1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian skier
- 1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer
- 1988 – Greg Oden, American basketball player
- 1990 – Alizé Cornet, French tennis player
- 1991 – Elizabeth Simmonds, British swimmer
- 1993 – Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing driver
- 1993 – Tommy Knight, English actor
- 1994 – Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer
- 2002 – Caitlin Clark, American basketball player

### Up to 1900

- 239 – Cao Rui, Chinese Emperor (b. 205)
- 1341 – Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)
- 1531 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (b. 1487)
- 1592 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (b. 1554)
- 1599 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1547)
- 1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (b. 1592)
- 1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German scientist (b. 1719)
- 1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733)
- 1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752)
- 1892 – Joseph P. Bradley, American jurist (b. 1813)
- 1900 – David Edward Hughes, Welsh–American physicist and inventor (b. 1831)

### 1901 – 2000

- 1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819)
- 1919 – Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (b. 1853)
- 1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist (b. 1837)
- 1922 – Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)
- 1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838)
- 1929 – R. C. Lehmann, English journalist, writer and politician (b. 1856)
- 1942 – Walter Sickert, German painter (b. 1860)
- 1945 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet (b. 1869)
- 1950 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892)
- 1950 – Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921)
- 1951 – Karl Nessler, German–American hairdresser (b. 1872)
- 1951 – Lawson Robertson, Scottish–American high jumper (b. 1883)
- 1954 – Princess Margaret of Prussia (b. 1872)
- 1957 – Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher (b. 1876)
- 1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English racing driver (b. 1929)
- 1963 – William Godfrey, English cardinal (b. 1889)
- 1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, Hawaiian–American swimmer and surfer (b. 1890)
- 1971 – Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher (b. 1890)
- 1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908)
- 1978 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
- 1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (b. 1911)
- 1982 – Tommy Tucker, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1933)
- 1990 – Mariano Rumor, Italian politician (b. 1915)
- 1990 – Roman Vishniac, Russian–American photographer (b. 1897)
- 1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942)
- 1994 – Telly Savalas, American entertainer (b. 1924)
- 1994 – Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910)
- 1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949)
- 1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (b. 1890)
- 1998 – C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1912)

### From 2001

- 2002 – Stanley Marcus, American businessman (b. 1905)
- 2003 – Bill Mauldin, American cartoonist (b. 1921)
- 2005 – Carlo Orelli, Italian soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1894)
- 2007 – Abbé Pierre, French priest and monk (b. 1912)
- 2008 – Claude Piron, Swiss translator (b. 1931)
- 2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
- 2010 – Sultan Iskandar of Johor, Malaysian Head of State (b. 1932)
- 2010 – Jean Simmons, British actress (b. 1929)
- 2012 – Joe Paterno, American college football coach (b. 1926)
- 2014 – Carlo Mazzacurati, Italian movie director (b. 1956)
- 2015 – Wendell H. Ford, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1924)
- 2015 – Joan Hinde, English trumpeter and entertainer (b. 1933)
- 2015 – Dacia Valent, Somali–Italian politician (b. 1963)
- 2016 – Homayoun Behzadi, Iranian footballer (b. 1941)
- 2016 – Miloslav Ransdorf, Czech politician (b. 1953)
- 2016 – Rik Wilson, American ice hockey player (b. 1962)
- 2016 – Cecil Parkinson, English politician (b. 1931)
- 2016 – Kamer Genç, Turkish politician (b. 1940)
- 2017 – Dan Caspi, Romanian–Israeli media theorist and academic (b. 1945)
- 2017 – Chen Yu-mei, Taiwanese politician (b. 1966)
- 2017 – Moshe Gershuni, Israeli painter and sculptor (b. 1936)
- 2017 – Jaki Liebezeit, German musician (b. 1938)
- 2017 – Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player (b. 1983)
- 2017 – Yordano Ventura, Dominican baseball player (b. 1991)
- 2017 – Pete Overend Watts, English musician (b. 1947)
- 2018 – Jimmy Armfield, English footballer (b. 1935)
- 2018 – Billy Hancock, American singer and guitarist (b. 1946)
- 2018 – Reinier Kreijermaat, Dutch footballer (b. 1935)
- 2018 – Ursula K. Le Guin, American science fiction writer (b. 1929)

## Holidays and observances

- New Zealand – Wellington Anniversary
- Ukraine – Reunion Day
- Poland – Grandfather's Day