juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Head on the Door

***The Head on the Door*** is the sixth studio album by the British alternative rock band The Cure. It was released in 1985.

## Overview

This album follows the return of Simon Gallup and the official reinstatement of Porl Thompson as a band member (he made a small contribution to _The Top_ but was not officially a band member until the album tour). This is also the first Cure album with drummer Boris Williams, who had previously worked with the Thompson Twins. Special guest Ron Howe of Fools Dance plays a saxophone solo on the song "A Night Like This."

On the recent 2008 "4 Tour" The Cure played "Inbetween Days", "Kyoto Song", "The Blood", "Push", "The Baby Screams", "Close to Me", and "A Night Like This" at various concerts.

"Sinking" was last played as part of the 2004 North American Curiosa Tour.

"Six Different Ways", and "Screw" have not been played since the 1985/86 Head Tour.
Angel Recording Studios

**Angel Recording Studios** was a recording and mixing complex in Islington, London. The studios were built by library music specialists de Wolfe Music.

Housed in a former United Reform Church, the complex has three dedicated recording areas, one of which incorporates original Victorian choir stalls and features a magnificent Speechley pipe organ dating from 1888. Angel Recording Studios has played host to a variety of international and award-winning music creators, world-famous orchestras, television and film score composers, advertising jingle writers, West End musicals and numerous chart-topping pop acts.

Angel Recording Studios closed in December 2019.

### The Building

The studios opened as the Islington Chapel in 1887-1888, replacing an earlier chapel built in 1815. It is Grade II listed and features a wealth of original features. The chapel organ made by H.Speechly and Sons remains in situ and working.

### Conversion

The chapel closed its doors in 1979 and the building was purchased by de Wolfe Music. A major refurbishment and conversion project took place, and recording began in 1982. By 1983, Angel was already attracting acts such as The Cure and Siouxsie and the Banshees, who leased the studio commercially. After opening a third studio in the complex in 1987, the facilities were upgraded again in 1994.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Angel Recording Studios Limited
- **image**: 311 Upper Street, Islington.JPG
- **image alt**: A former church, converted into a recording studio
- **image caption**: Exterior of Angel Recording Studios
- **type**: Subsidiary
- **industry**: Music industry
- **defunct**: December 2019
- **founder**: James Warren Sylvester de Wolfe
- **hq location**: 311–312 Upper Street
- **hq location city**: Islington, London
- **hq location country**: England
- **parent**: De Wolfe Music
Guinness World Records: The Videogame

***Guinness World Records: The Videogame*** is a 2008 video game based on Guinness World Records that was published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the Wii.
Sahrawi Peseta

The **Sahrawi peseta** (, ) is the currency of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. It is divided in 100 céntimos. One céntimos coins have never been minted. No banknotes have been printed.

The first coins were minted in 1990. They did not become the national coin of Western Sahara until 1997. This territory is mostly controlled by Morocco. The currency in that part of the country is the Moroccan dirham. The Algerian dinars, Mauritanian ouguiyas and the Sahrawi peseta are used in the Sahrawi refugee camps and the SADR-controlled part of Western Sahara.

Because the coins are not an official currency and are not circulating, the exchange rate is not realistic. Despite this, the Sahrawi peseta was pegged to the Spanish peseta. When the Spanish peseta was replaced with the euro, the rate became €1 for 166.386 Pts.

## Infobox (currency)

- **name**: Sahrawi peseta
- **iso code**: None
- **iso comment**: ( is used in commerce)
- **local name1**: البيزيتا الصحراوي
- **local name lang1**: ar
- **local name2**: Peseta Saharaui
- **local name lang2**: es
- **pegged with**: Euro (166.386 pesetas = €1)
- **using countries**: _Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic_
- **inflation rate**: NA%
- **inflation source date**: _[https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003823/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2092.html The World Factbook]_.
- **subunit name 1**: céntimo
- **symbol**: ₧
- **symbol comment**: (rare, see Spanish peseta)

- **issuing authority**: Polisario Front
- **used coins**: 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500 pesetas
Mechanix

"**Mechanix**" is a song by Megadeth, an American thrash metal band. It is the last song from their first studio album, _Killing Is My Business... And Business Is Good!_.

The song was written by Dave Mustaine. He made it for Metallica, a band that he was in. After Metallica fired Mustaine, he told the band to not use any of the music that he made, including "Mechanix". Metallica rewrote the song, and named it "The Four Horsemen". They put it on their first album, _Kill 'Em All,_ in 1983.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Mechanix
- **caption**: The original cover art created by Combat Records
- **artist**: Megadeth
- **album**: Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!
- **recorded**: December 1984 – January 1985
- **genre**: *Thrash metal
*speed metal
- **label**: Combat Records, Combat
John F. Kennedy 1960 presidential campaign

The **1960 presidential campaign of John F. Kennedy** was a success for. John F. Kennedy. He was the democratic state senator from Massachusetts.  He started his presidential campaign on January 3, 1960, for the 1960 United States presidential election. He wanted to  succeed term limited President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

## Election results

On November 8, 1960, he defeated the Republican candidate and incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon. He was officially elected the 35th president of the United States with Lyndon B. Johnson as his running mate.

## Inauguration

Kennedy was sworn in as the 35th president of the United States on January 20, 1961.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Kennedy for President
 1960
- **campaign**: 1960 Democratic presidential primaries
 1960 United States presidential election
- **candidate**: John F. Kennedy
 Lyndon B. Johnson
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **announced**: January 3, 1960
- **launched**: January 3, 1960
- **headquarters**: Massachusetts, U.S.
- **slogan**: Leadership for the 60's
- **status**: Official nominee: August 1960
Won election: November 8, 1960
Inaugurated: January 20, 1961
- **logo**: Kennedy Johnson 1960 campaign logo.svg
Cornufer guentheri

The **Gunther's triangle frog**, **Guenther's Triangle Frog** or **Solomon Island eyelash frog** (_Cornufer guentheri_) is a frog. It lives on all of the Solomon Islands except for one, San Cristobal.  Scientists have seen it between 0 and 830 meters above sea level.
The Kentuckian (1908 movie)

***The Kentuckian*** is a 1908 American silent western movie directed by Wallace McCutcheon Sr. and stars Edward Dillon, Florence Auer, and D. W. Griffith. The movie is about an intermarriage between Indians and white people.

## Actors

- Edward Dillon as Ward Fatherly
- Florence Auer
- D. W. Griffith as Card Sharp
- George Gebhardt
- Harry Solter
- Mack Sennett
- Anthony O'Sullivan
- John G. Adolfi
- Wallace McCutcheon Jr.
- Robert G. Vignola

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Kentuckian
- **director**: Wallace McCutcheon Sr.
- **producer**: American Mutoscope & Biograph
- **distributor**: American Mutoscope & Biograph
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent film, Silent
English intertitles
The Last Days of Pompeii (1908 movie)

***The Last Days of Pompeii*** () is a 1908 Italian silent drama movie directed by Arturo Ambrosio and Luigi Maggi and stars Luigi Maggi, Lydia De Roberti, and Umberto Mozzato. The movie is about the last days of the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, when the volcano Mount Vesuvius erupted on 24 October 79 AD and destroyed it.

## Actors

- Luigi Maggi as Arbace
- Lydia De Roberti as Nidia
- Umberto Mozzato as Glauco
- Ernesto Vaser as Il padrone di Nidia
- Mirra Principi
- Cesare Gani Carini

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Last Days of Pompeii
- **image**: The Last Days of Pompeii (1908).webm
- **director**: Arturo Ambrosio
 Luigi Maggi
- **producer**: Arturo Ambrosio
- **writer**: Roberto Omegna
- **starring**: Luigi Maggi
 Lydia De Roberti
 Umberto Mozzato
- **cinematography**: Roberto Omegna
 Giovanni Vitrotti
- **studio**: Ambrosio Film
- **distributor**: Ambrosio Film
- **released**: December 1908
- **runtime**: 17 minutes
- **country**: Italy
- **language**: Silent
 Italian intertitles
Macbeth (1908 movie)

***Macbeth*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by James Stuart Blackton and stars William Ranous, Paul Panzer, and Charles Kent. The movie is based on the William Shakespeare play of the same name.

## Actors

- William Ranous as Macbeth
- Paul Panzer as Macduff
- Charles Kent as Duncan
- Louise Carver as Lady Macbeth
- Édouard de Max
- Florence Lawrence as Banquet Guest
- Florence Turner as Banquet Guest

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Macbeth
- **director**: J. Stuart Blackton, James Stuart Blackton
- **writer**: William Shakespeare (play)
- **starring**: William V. Ranous, William Ranous
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent with English intertitles
The Man and the Woman

***The Man and the Woman*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars George Gebhardt, Linda Arvidson, and Charles Inslee.

## Actors

- George Gebhardt as Tom Wilkins
- Linda Arvidson as Gladys
- Charles Inslee as False Clergyman
- Harry Solter as Priest

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Man and the Woman
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **producer**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
- **starring**: George Gebhardt
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
Arthur Marvin
- **runtime**: 13 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent
Monday Morning in a Coney Island Police Court

***Monday Morning in a Coney Island Police Court*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars John R. Cumpson, Harry Solter, and Edward Dillon.

## Actors

- John R. Cumpson as Honorable Patrick McPheeney
- Harry Solter as McPheeney's Aide
- Edward Dillon
- George Gebhardt as Happy Hooligan Character
- Robert Harron as Young Man
- Dell Henderson
- Anthony O'Sullivan as Ignatius O'Brien, Attorney
- Mack Sennett as Policeman

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Monday Morning in a Coney Island Police Court
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: Mack Sennett
- **starring**: John R. Cumpson
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
- **runtime**: 7 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent
Money Mad (1908 movie)

***Money Mad*** is a 1908 American silent crime movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, George Gebhardt, and Arthur V. Johnson.

## Actors

- Charles Inslee - The Miser
- George Gebhardt - Second Villain
- Arthur V. Johnson - Bank Clerk
- Florence Lawrence - Bank Customer / Landlady
- Jeanie MacPherson - Bank Customer
- Mack Sennett - Man on the Street
- Harry Solter - First Villain

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Money Mad
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
- **starring**: Charles Inslee
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
- **runtime**: 11 minutes (16 Frame rate, frame/s)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent film, Silent
English language, English intertitles
Mr. Jones at the Ball

***Mr. Jones at the Ball*** is a 1908 American silent comedy movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars John R. Cumpson, Florence Lawrence, and Mack Sennett.

## Actors

- John R. Cumpson as Mr. Jones
- Florence Lawrence as Mrs. Jones
- Mack Sennett as Butler / Policeman
- George Gebhardt as Man in Blackface / Guest at Ball
- Charles Inslee as Guest at Ball
- Arthur V. Johnson as Guest
- Jeanie MacPherson as Guest at Ball
- Harry Solter as Guest at Ball
- Marion Sunshine as Guest

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Mr. Jones at the Ball
- **image**: File:Mr. Jones at the Ball (1908).webm
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
- **starring**: John R. Cumpson
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
- **runtime**: 8 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent
The Pirate's Gold

***The Pirate's Gold*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars George Gebhardt, Linda Arvidson, and Charles Inslee.

## Actors

- George Gebhardt as Young Wilkinson
- Linda Arvidson as Mrs. Wilkinson
- Charles Inslee as A Creditor (unconfirmed)
- Arthur V. Johnson
- Florence Lawrence
- George Nichols
- Anthony O'Sullivan
- Mack Sennett as A Pirate

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Pirate's Gold
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
Stanner E.V. Taylor
- **starring**: George Gebhardt
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
Arthur Marvin
- **runtime**: 16 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent
The Planter's Wife (1908 movie)

***The Planter's Wife*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Arthur V. Johnson, Claire McDowell, and Harry Solter.

## Actors

- Arthur V. Johnson as John Holland
- Claire McDowell as Mrs. John Holland
- Harry Solter as Tom Roland
- Florence Lawrence as Tomboy Nellie
- George Gebhardt as Boatman
- Linda Arvidson
- Charles Inslee

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Planter's Wife
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
- **starring**: Arthur V. Johnson
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
- **runtime**: 14 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent
The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite

"**The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite**" is a 1993 song by alternative rock band R.E.M. and is the third single form their 8th studio album _Automatic for the People_. It is influenced by the song _The Lion Sleeps Tonight_. It went to number 1 in Iceland, number 13 in Ireland, number 17 in the United Kingdom and number 29 in New Zealand. It has never been played live in concerts.

## Track listings

All songs were written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe except as noted.

**US 7-inch, cassette, and CD single**
1. "The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite" (album version) – 4:04 (4:06 on CD)
1. "The Lion Sleeps Tonight"  – 2:41

**UK 7-inch and cassette single**
1. "The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite" (LP version)
1. "Get Up" (album version)

**UK CD1**
1. "The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite" – 4:06
1. "The Lion Sleeps Tonight"  – 2:41
1. "Fretless" – 4:49

**UK CD2**
1. "The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite" – 4:06
1. "Organ Song" – 3:28
1. "Star Me Kitten" (demo) – 3:04

**German CD single**
1. "The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite" – 4:06
1. "Fretless" – 4:49
1. "The Lion Sleeps Tonight"  – 2:41
1. "Organ Song" – 3:28

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite
- **type**: single
- **artist**: R.E.M. (band), R.E.M.
- **album**: Automatic for the People
- **b-side**: The Lion Sleeps Tonight
- **length**: 4:06
- **label**: Warner Bros. Records, Warner Bros.
- **writer**: * Michael Stipe
* Peter Buck
* Mike Mills
* Bill Berry
- **producer**: * Scott Litt
* R.E.M.
- **prev title**: Man on the Moon (song), Man on the Moon
- **prev year**: 1992
- **next title**: Everybody Hurts
- **next year**: 1993
1973–74 Austrian Cup

The **1973-74 Austrian Cup** was  Austria's nationwide football cup competition. FC Wacker Innsbruck were the defending champions .

## First round

- First round with teams from the Second league. Sturm Graz was the only national league team that had to play in the first round because the Sturm was originally relegated in 1972/73 and only stayed in the league by an act of mercy by the football association after the cup draw.

**Bye:**_ASK St. Valentin_ (through voluntary relegation from SVS Linz), _ASK Eggendorf_ (through merger Austria  Wien with Wiener AC), _WSK Kaprun_ (through the merger of Villacher SV with WSG Radenthein)

## Second round

- First round with teams from the highest league.

## Quarter-finals

From the quarterfinals on  2 matches were played.

## Final

**FK Austria Wienː** Igor Vukman - Helmut Weigl (10. Robert Sara) - Eduard Krieger - Erich Obermayer - Johann Samer - Karl Daxbacher - Alberto Martinez  -  Ernst Fiala - Helmut Köglberger - Herbert Prohaska - Julio Morales CoachːJosef Pecanka

**SV Austria Salzburgː** 	Wilhelm Kaipel - Horst Hirnschrodt - Hannes Winklbauer - Artur Kibler - Jaroslav Pirnus - Gerhard Filzmoser - Heinz Libuda - Franz Bacher - Peter Grosser - Alfred Hala - Peter Roither Coachː Günter Praschak

**FK Austria Wienː** Igor Vukman - Robert Sara (5. Josef Sara) - Erich Obermayer - Johann Samer - Karl Daxbacher - Helmut Weigl  - Alberto Martinez  -  Ernst Fiala - Helmut Köglberger - Herbert Prohaska - Julio Morales CoachːJosef Pecanka

**SV Austria Salzburgː** 	Wilhelm Kaipel - Horst Hirnschrodt - Hannes Winklbauer - Artur Kibler - Jaroslav Pirnus - Gerhard Filzmoser  (86.Peter Clement) - Heinz Libuda - Franz Bacher - Peter Grosser - Alfred Hala - Bernd Langgruber (76. Peter Arzböck) Coachː Günter Praschak

## Top goalscorers

|Rank|Player|Club|Goals|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1|align="left"|Ernst Fiala|align="left"|Austria/WAC|4|
|2|align="left"|Julio Morales|align="left"|Austria/WAC|3|
|3|align="left"|Herbert Prohaska|align="left"|Austria/WAC|2|
|3|align="left"|Alberto Martinez|align="left"|Austria/WAC|2|
Julio Morales

**Julio César Morales Araújo**,  (16 February 1945 – 14 February 2022) was a Uruguayan professional footballer. He was nicknamed _Cascarilla_ and played  as a striker. He was part of the Uruguay squad for the 1970 World Cup, where they finished fourth. He made 24 appearances for the national team from 1966 until 1981. He won a number of trophies in South America and Europe including the Copa Libertadores in 1971 and 1980.

## Club career

Morales started his career in 1961 with Racing Club de Montevideo. In 1965 he was signed by Uruguayan giants Nacional. Then he went to Europe to play for Austria Wien in the Austrian Bundesliga. With Austria Wien he won two Austrian league titles and two Austrian Cups and played in the European Cup Winners Cup final in 1978.

Morales returned to Nacional after this loss and retired in 1982. He scored  191 goals for Nacional in 471 appearances.

## Death

Morales died in Montevideo on 14 February 2022, two days before his 77th birthday.

## Honours

**Nacional**
- Primera División  (6): 1966, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1980
- Copa Libertadores: 1971, 1980
- Copa Intercontinental:  1971, 1980
- Copa Interamericana:  1971
**Austria Wien**
- Austrian Bundesliga: 1975–76, 1977–78
- Austrian Cup: 1973-74, 1976-77

## Other websites

- Nacional player profile

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Julio Morales
- **fullname**: Julio César Morales Araújo
- **birth place**: Montevideo, Uruguay
- **death place**: Montevideo, Uruguay
- **height**: 1.64 m
- **position**: Striker (association football), Striker
- **years1**: 1961–1965
- **clubs1**: Racing Club de Montevideo, Racing Montevideo
- **years2**: 1965–1972
- **clubs2**: Club Nacional de Football, Nacional
- **years3**: 1973–1978
- **clubs3**: FK Austria Wien, Austria Wien
- **caps3**: 168
- **goals3**: 55
- **years4**: 1979–1982
- **clubs4**: Club Nacional de Football, Nacional
- **nationalyears1**: 1966–1981
- **nationalteam1**: Uruguay national football team, Uruguay
- **nationalcaps1**: 24
- **nationalgoals1**: 11
European eel

The **European eel** (_Anguilla anguilla_) is a species of eel, a snake-like, catadromous fish. They are normally around 60–80 cm (2.0–2.6 ft) and rarely reach more than 1 m (3 ft 3 in), but can reach a length of up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) in exceptional cases.

## Description

The European eel is a fish that resembles a serpent. It is a critically endangered species. Since the 1970s, the numbers of eels reaching Europe is thought to have declined by around 90% (possibly even 98%).

## Related pages

- Archerfish
- Horned lizard
- Cusk-eel
- Hammerjaw
- List of fish common names

## References

1. Pike, C.; Crook, V.; Gollock, M. (2020). "_Anguilla anguilla_". _IUCN Red List of Threatened Species_. **2020**: e.T60344A152845178. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T60344A152845178.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Prehistoric eel

**Prehistoric eels** are prehistoric ray-finned fish that are known from fossil remains.

## Description

These prehistoric fish have snake-like bodies, like the modern eels. For example, _Nardoechelys_ resembled a snake with fins.
Prehistoric fish

**Prehistoric fish** are extinct fish that can be found in any clade.
The Santa Clauses

***The Santa Clauses*** is an American streaming television series. It is a spin-off of _The Santa Clause_ franchise, as well as a direct sequel to _The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause_ (2006).

The series debuted on Disney+ in late 2022.
Slow Food

**Slow Food** is an idea that is opposed to fast food. Many restaraunts see it as sitting down, ordering, and eating the meal within the restaraunt, as opposed to on the go. Slow food focuses on local ingredients. These ingredients are used to prepare a meal. This is in contrast to fast food, using processed ingredients. Carlo Petrini founded the movement in 1986. Even though the movement started in Italy, it soon spread to other countries.

## Aims

Slow food has the following aims:
- Eating works with pleasure, which everyone deserves.
- Quality needs time.
- Quallity should respect ecology. Locally-produced fresh ingredients are preferable. The presentation of the meal should be aesthetically pleasing.
- Everyone has a different taste; discussions about taste are natural

In 2006, Petrini gave the following definition: _Buono, pulito e giusto_ (good, clean, and fair) - If one of the three is missing, we are no longer talking about Slow Food.

## Criticism

Slow Food's aims have been compared to the Arts and Crafts movement's response to 19th-century industrialisation.

Without changing the working day of the masses, the preparation of slow food can be hard to whoever prepares food. People with more money can afford the time and expense of developing "taste", "knowledge", and "discernment". Slow Food's stated aim of preserving itself from the "contagion of the multitude" can be seen as elitist by those that consume fast food or are not part of the movement. In 1989, Petrini visited Venezuela and began to recognize the socioeconomic barriers that many faced with regard to the slow food movement. To address this, he adjusted the slow food agenda to include an alternative food approach that favored healthy, local, community-based food consumption and production. While this made the slow food movement more accessible for many, it did not eliminate all of the socioeconomic barriers faced by the movement.
Heirloom plant

An **heirloom plant** is the name for a cultivar of a plant, that was used in the past, but that is no longer used for large-scale production. Such plants are often grown on a smaller scale. Very often, people grow them in their garden.
Food security

**Food security** means that everyone in a specific geographical area has access to food. This also means that the food is affordable. That way everyone in the area can get enough food for a varied diet, with enough nutrients. This is especially important for staple food. If there's no food security, malnutrition and famine will result. People who cannot get enough food will also be more likely to start riots.

If there is no food security, this is called **food insecurity**. One of the reasons for food insecurity is that there are special markets (like stock markets) for food (called commodities).  Like with other goods, supply and demand influence the price. Grains can also be used as a food for livestock, or the can be processed to produce biofuel. These resources are then no longer directly available as food. People can place a bet on rising (or falling prices), something that is called a future. External events, such as bad harvests, or wars also influence the price.

Food insecurity can also be defined as the limitation or unavailability of nutritionally adequate food or the inability to acquire acceptable foods.

## Related pages

- Energy security
- Food and Agriculture Organization
- Green Revolution
- Right to food
- Food Security

## Other Sources for Information

- Food Access in Crisis
- Food Insecurity among Marginalized Communities
- Urban Agriculture
- Social Protection Programs which help to alleviate food insecurity
- Food Apartheid
Fish migration

Many species of fish move from one body of water to another. Many fish do this on a regular basis. If it is done by many  fish, it is usually called **fish migration**. The timespans and distances vary. Some migrations occur everyday, others take months or years. Some migrations are seasonal. Sometimes fish move within  the same body of water. They may spend the day near the surface and move to deeper sections at night, for example.

## Forms of migration

Common forms of migration**:**
- _anadromous migration_: The adult fish live in the sea, they migrate up a river to spawn. The young fish will then migrate back to the sea. Salmon species are examples of such migrants
- _catadromous migration_: The adult fish live in a river or lake, they will migrate to the sea to spawn. Some eel species fall into this category
- diadromous migration: term used to include both therms above.
- _amphidromous migration_: Fish that live in or near the estuaries of rivers, and regularly change between the river, its estuary and the sea. Examples for this are certain species of flounder.

## Reasons for migration

Common reasons for migrations include that they find more food at the other place, or that they move there to spawn. In some cases, the reasons for the migration are unknown.

## Related pages

- Lessepsian migration - Animals migrating through a man-made canal, such as the Suez Canal or Panama Canal.
Cornufer vitianus

The **Viti wrinkled ground frog**, **Fiji land frog** or **Fiji ground frog** (_Cornufer vitianus_) is a frog. It lives in some of the Fiji Islands.  Scientists have seen it between 0 and 830 meters above sea level.

The adult female frog is about 48.8-110 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult male frog is 25-59.7 mm long.  It has disks on its toes for climbing.  It has teeth in both its upper and lower jaw.  This frog can be different colors.  Some are brown.  Some are red-brown.  Some are green-brown.  Some are dark brown.  Most of them have a mark in the shape of an X and a white spot on their backs.  Some have a white stripe in the middle of the back.  The belly is lighter in color.

The female frog lays eggs on the ground.  She hides them in rotten dead tree trunks.  She lays about 40 eggs at a time.

This frog can swim and jump very well.  When the frog thinks it is in danger, it puffs itself full of air to look bigger.  It stores water in its bladder and lets it outs before jumping.

There are fewer of this frog than there were.  This is because human beings change the places where the frog lives and because of other animals that want to eat it.  Some of these animals have lived in the Fiji islands for a long time.  Others came there because humans brought them.  The most important predators are the mongoose, rat, cat, and cane toad.  Now, this frog only lives on islands where there are no mongoose.
Calvary

According to the canonical Gospels of Christianity, **Calvary** (also known as **Golgotha**) was the hill near Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified.

## Related pages

- Crucifixion of Jesus
Wake Up Dead

"**Wake Up Dead**" is a song by Megadeth, an American thrash metal band. It was a single from their second album, _Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?_ (1986). It was written by Dave Mustaine. The band plays the song at many of their concerts. It is one of the songs that they play the most. The song went on the UK Singles Chart in 1986.

In 2022, Lamb of God made a cover version of the song with Mustaine. It was released on April 1, 2022.

## Track listing

"Wake Up Dead" was released as a single. It was released on 7-inch and 12-inch vinyl records. It was also released on cassette.

**7-inch edition**
1. "Wake Up Dead"
1. "Good Mourning/Black Friday"

**12-inch edition**

1. "Wake Up Dead"
1. "Black Friday (Live)
1. "Devils Island (Live)

**Cassette edition**

1. "Wake Up Dead"
1. "Black Friday (Live)
1. "Devils Island (Live)

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Wake Up Dead
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Megadeth
- **album**: Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?
- **released**: 1986
- **recorded**: 1986
- **genre**: Thrash metal
- **length**: 3:38
- **label**: * Combat Records, Combat
* Capitol Records, Capitol
- **writer**: Dave Mustaine
- **producer**: * Dave Mustaine
* Randy Burns
- **next title**: Peace Sells
- **next year**: 1986
Coat of many colours

The **coat of many colours** is the usual English translation of the Hebrew term _ketonet passim_ (כְּתֹנֶת פַּסִּים), an item of clothing given to Joseph, the son of Jacob in the Hebrew Bible's Book of Genesis, as a symbol of his love. The traditional reading of this story is that Joseph's brothers became jealous of this coat, among other things, and therefore sold Joseph into slavery.

## Related pages

- Esau
Skin o' My Teeth

"**Skin o' My Teeth**" is a song by Megadeth, an American thrash metal band. It is a single from the band's fifth album, _Countdown to Extinction_ (1992). It was released as a single in 1993. It is the shortest song on the album. The name of the song is based on the term "skin of my teeth".

The song went on the UK Singles Chart in 1992. It reached number 13 on the chart.

## Track listing

"Skin o' My Teeth" was released as a single. It was released on 7-inch and 10-inch vinyl records. It was also released on compact disc (CD) two times.

**7-inch edition**

1. "Skin o' My Teeth"
1. "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" (General Schwarzkopf Mix)

**10-inch edition**

1. "Skin o' My Teeth"
1. "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" (General Schwarzkopf Mix)
1. "High Speed Dirt" (live)
1. "Mustaine Remarks on Megadeth Game"

**CD edition 1**

1. "Skin o' My Teeth"
1. "Lucretia" (live)
1. "Skin o' My Teeth" (live)

**CD edition 2**

1. "Skin o' My Teeth"
1. "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" (General Schwarzkopf Mix)
1. "High Speed Dirt" (live)

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Skin o' My Teeth
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Megadeth
- **album**: Countdown to Extinction
- **b-side**: "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" (Mix)
- **released**: April 12, 1993
- **recorded**: Between January 6 and April 28, 1992
- **length**: 3:14
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **writer**: Dave Mustaine
- **producer**: Max Norman, Dave Mustaine
Crown of thorns

According to the New Testament, a woven **crown of thorns** ( or ) was placed on the head of Jesus during the events leading up to his crucifixion. It was one of the instruments of the Passion, used by Jesus' captors both to cause him pain and to mock his claim of authority. It is mentioned in the gospels of Matthew (Matthew 27:29), Mark (Mark 15:17) and John (John 19:2, 19:5), and is often alluded to by the early Church Fathers, such as Clement of Alexandria, Origen and others, and was referenced in the apocryphal Gospel of Peter.
Lynching postcard

A **lynching postcard** is a postcard showing a photo of a lynching. Lynchings are extrajudicial killings. often driven by racial hatred. Lynchings in the United States were "violent public acts that white people used to terrorize and control Black people in the 19th and 20th centuries." Photos of these lynchings were commonly sold as souvenirs, and they became very popular throughout the United States.

## Typical postcard

In a typical lynching postcard, the victim is displayed prominently at the center of the shot. Lynchings were often "public spectacles attended by the white community in celebration of white supremacy." As a result, most lynching postcards show groups of smiling spectators (often including children). These spectators rarely have facial expressions suggesting remorse, guilt, shame, or regret.

Lynching postcards were so common that In 1908, the United States government forbade the United States Postal Service from distributing them.

## Background

Lynchings were most common between the 1880s and the 1940s. They grew in popularity after the end of the Civil War, when black people began to gain more rights and political influence. This was a threat to white supremacy.

Lynch mobs (groups of ordinary people) would torture and murder someone they accused of committing a crime or breaking a social rule. The victim was never given the chance to defend themselves in court.

### Purposes

Lynchings were meant to maintain white supremacy and terrorize black people into complying with segregation. They were a form of racial terrorism. Lynching postcards celebrated these acts of terror and made it possible for photos of lynchings to spread throughout the country.

White racists used lynchings to intimidate black people and prevent them from exercising their rights. For example, they lynched black people who tried to vote. Fearing that they too would be lynched, many other black people decided not to vote. Lynch mobs also targeted civil rights workers, regardless of race. Lynching postcards celebrated these acts of terrorism.
Daniel in the lions' den

**Daniel in the lions' den** refers to a story in Chapter 6 of the Book of Daniel in the Bible. Daniel – a noble Jewish youth and Biblical prophet – continues to pray to the God of Israel instead of his royal master, Darius the Mede. As a result, he is sent into a den of lions to be eaten. However, an angel sent by God saves Daniel and he emerged miraculously unharmed the next day.

By analogy, Daniel's situation has become an English language idiom for a hostile environment.
Here's to Never Growing Up

"**Here's to Never Growing Up**" is a song by Canadian recording artist Avril Lavigne. It was released as the lead single from her eponymous fifth studio album on 9 April 2013, by Epic Records. The song was written by Lavigne, David Hodges, Chad Kroeger, Jacob Kasher, and Martin Johnson, who also produced the song.

## Background

"Here's to Never Growing Up" was written by Lavigne, David Hodges, Chad Kroeger, Jacob Kasher, and the song's producer Martin Johnson. The song was recorded in early 2013 at Henson Recording Studios. Lavigne announced the song would be released as the lead single from her fifth studio album on 8 February 2013 via Twitter. On 20 March 2013, Lavigne announced that the song's scheduled release date would be 9 April 2013, and she released an 11-second snippet of the song. Lavigne later released the official artwork for the single via Twitter on 3 April 2013. On 6 April 2013, Epic Records released a 19-second snippet of the track and official lyric video. The song premiered on iTunes on 9 April 2013, and received its radio premiere the same day on _On Air with Ryan Seacrest_. The official lyric video for "Here’s to Never Growing Up", which is made up entirely of fan-submitted photos and videos, was also released on 9 April 2013.
Daniel (biblical figure)

**Daniel** is the central figure of the Book of Daniel in the Old Testament of the Bible. He is considered a prophet in Christianity and Islam, but not Judaism; however, Jewish sources describe Daniel as a hero and the most distinguished member of the Babylonian diaspora.

## Related pages

- Daniel in the lions' den
- Prophets in Islam
LaFace Records

**LaFace Records** was an American record label. It was owned and operated by Sony Music Entertainment.

LaFace was formed in 1989 as a joint venture between the producer duo Antonio "'L.A." Reid and Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds and Arista Records. The combined nicknames of the duo's successful production company inspired the name of the label.

LaFace became a successful label throughout the 1990s, responsible for producing popular artists such as TLC, Toni Braxton, OutKast, Pink, Usher, Goodie Mob, Ciara, Donell Jones, Pressha and Cee-Lo Green. Towards the end of the decade, LaFace produced fewer artists and Babyface began to focus more on his own music career.

In 2011, LaFace became defunct.
Chamillionaire

**Hakeem Seriki** (born November 28, 1979), better known by his stage name **Chamillionaire** (pronounced Ka-MIL-yin-air; a portmanteau of "chameleon" and "millionaire") is an American rapper and entrepreneur from Houston, Texas and the CEO of Chamillitary Entertainment.

He stated that his goal is to show that the South can produce quality lyricists. He is also a hook writer and generally sings and harmonizes with himself (using vocals from various tracks) on his own hooks. Chamillionaire is a founder and original member of The Color Changin' Click. In 2007, he won a Grammy Award for _Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group_ for his number-one single "Ridin'", a number-one hit in the United States for two weeks in 2006. He is a former artist on Michael 5000 Watts' Swishahouse label.

## Early life

Hakeem Seriki was born November 28, 1979 in Washington, D.C. to a Nigerian immigrant father and an Nigerian-American mother. He moved to Houston, Texas at the age of four. Before becoming a rapper, he worked numerous jobs, including stocking trucks and transporting blood and urine for a medical lab.

Chamillionaire said he originally lived in a section of Houston zoned for Eisenhower High School and his parents moved to the Jersey Village High School attendance zone, so he could play in a more advanced basketball program; he attended Jersey Village.

## Discography

**Studio albums**
- _The Sound of Revenge_ (2005)
- _Ultimate Victory_ (2007)

**Collaborative albums**
- _Get Ya Mind Correct_ (with Paul Wall) (2002)
- _Controversy Sells_ (with Paul Wall) (2005)

**Extended plays**
- _Ammunition_ (2012)
- _Elevate_ (2013)
- _Reignfall_ (2013)

## Other websites

- Official website (Archive copy)

## Infobox (person)

- **child**: yes
- **children**: 1


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Chamillionaire
- **image**: Chamillionaire and Michael Arrington (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Chamillionaire in 2008
- **birth name**: Hakeem Temidayo Seriki
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **origin**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **years active**: 1997–present
- **discography**: Chamillionaire discography
Indian WhatsApp lynchings

There were several cases of mob-related violence, after rumours of child abduction and organ harvesting. The cases happened in rural India. They are known as **Indian WhatsApp lynchings** today. The application WhatsApp, which runs on mobile phones was used to spread the rumours.

The murders started in May 2017, when seven men were killed in  Jharkhand. These cases did not get national attention until the following year.

The messages that are circulated are false. They contain some local details. Sometimes a real video is attached to the message, or claim.

In almost all of the lynching locations, no child abductions had been recorded in the previous three months.

Most of the attacks have occurred  in villages. The lynch mobs included men, women and children. In some cases the mobs were composed largely of illiterate or poorly educated men that were unemployed or working as day labourers; often,  they were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the attack. In at least some of the cases prime instigators have used child-abduction fears to stir up the violence and settle old scores.

## Infobox (event)

- **type**: Moral panic, mass hysteria, lynchings, mob violence
- **cause**: Fake news spread via social media, especially WhatsApp
- **deaths**: ≥ 23
- **arrests**: ≥ 600
Shitao

**Shitao** (,  – 1707), born **Zhu Ruoji** (), was a Chinese , calligrapher, painter and theoretician of the early Qing dynasty. Alongside , he was one of China's most famous  painters of the early Qing dynsasty.
David and Jonathan

**David and Jonathan** were, according to the Hebrew Bible's Books of Samuel, heroic figures of the Kingdom of Israel, who formed a covenant, taking a mutual oath.

was the son of Saul, king of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin. David was the son of Jesse of Bethlehem, of the tribe of Judah. David became king after Jonathan, but because of their covenant, David seated Jonathan's son Mephibosheth at his own royal table instead of getting rid of the former king Saul's line.

The Bible does not explicitly depict the nature of the relationship between David and Jonathan. The traditional and mainstream religious interpretation of the relationship has been one of platonic love and an example of homosociality. Some later Medieval and Renaissance literature drew upon the story to underline strong personal friendships between men.

In modern times, some scholars, writers, and activists have emphasized what they see as elements of homoeroticism in the story.

## Related pages

- Homosexuality and religion
Anti-clericalism

**Anti-clericalism** is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters. Historical anti-clericalism has mainly been opposed to the influence of Roman Catholicism. Anti-clericalism is related to secularism, which seeks to separate the church from public and political life.
Binding of Isaac

The **Binding of Isaac** (, ), or simply "**The Binding**" (, ), is a story from Genesis 22 of the Hebrew Bible.

In the story, God tells Abraham to sacrifice his son, Isaac at Moriah. Abraham does this by binding (tying) Isaac to an altar, but is stopped by an angel, who says "Do not lay a hand on the boy ... Do not do anything to him. Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son". A ram (male sheep) appears instead, and is sacrificed instead.

In addition to being addressed by modern scholarship, this biblical episode has been the focus of a great deal of commentary in traditional sources of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

In Christianity, the binding of Isaac is seen to prefigure the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ. The incident occurred on Mt. Moriah, which is associated with the Temple Mount as well as Calvary, where Jesus would die 2,000 years later.
Richard Wright

**Richard Wright** may refer to:

## Arts

- Richard Wright (author) (1908–1960), African-American novelist
- Richard B. Wright (1937–2017), Canadian novelist
- Richard Wright (painter) (1735–1775), marine painter
- Richard Wright (artist) (born 1960), British artist and musician, band member of Correcto
- Richard Wright (musician) (1943–2008), founding member of Pink Floyd

## Politics

- Richard Wright (MP) (1568–1639), MP for Dorchester from 1597 to 1598
- Richard L. Wright (born 1943), American political leader
- Richard R. Wright (1855–1947), American military officer, educator, politician, civil rights advocate, and banking entrepreneur

## Sports

- Richard Wright (cricketer, born 1877) (1877–1942), English cricketer
- Richard Wright (cricketer, born 1903) (1903–1991), English cricketer
- Richard Wright (footballer) (born 1977), retired English football goalkeeper

## Other

- Richard Wright (headmaster) (1572–1638), headmaster of Eaton College 1611
- Richard Wright (Unitarian) (1764–1836), Unitarian minister
- Richard Cotsman Wright (1841–1921), Canadian architect
- Richard R. Wright Jr. (1878–1967), American sociologist
- Richard T. Wright (born 1951), American criminologist
- Orville Wilbur Richard "Rick" Wright, a character in the TV series _Magnum, P.I._, named Orville "Rick" Wright in the 2018 series reboot

## Related pages

- Dick Wright (disambiguation)
- Ricky Wright (disambiguation)
Richard Wright (author)

**Richard Nathaniel Wright** (September 4, 1908 – November 28, 1960) was an American author best known for his novels that talk about the discrimination and violence experienced by many African Americans of the late 19th to mid-20th centuries. Literary critics believe his work helped change race relations in the United States in the mid-20th century.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Other websites

- The story of his life is retold in the radio drama "Black Boy", a presentation from _Destination Freedom_

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Richard Wright
- **image**: Richard Wright.jpg
- **caption**: Wright in a 1939 photograph by Carl Van Vechten
- **birth name**: Richard Nathaniel Wright
- **birth place**: Plantation, Roxie, Mississippi, U.S.
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **notableworks**: _Uncle Tom's Children_, _Native Son_, _Black Boy_, _The Outsider (Richard Wright), The Outsider_
- **period**: 1938–60
- **genre**: Drama, fiction, non-fiction, autobiography
- **children**: 2
Anti-Zionism

**Anti-Zionism** is the opposition to Zionism, an ideology for the creation and development of a Jewish homeland in the Jewish ancestral Land of Israel. Those opposed to Zionism are known as _anti-Zionists_. Anti-Zionism emerged at the same time as Zionism, when diaspora Jews began migrating to Palestine and changing the local demographics. Many anti-Zionists have accused Zionism of being "settler colonialism".
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights also opposes Zionism as racism and apartheid.

### Public endorsement

Many anti-Zionists oppose the existence of Israel under various pretexts, including concerns about Jewish nationalism and Palestinian displacement. Anti-Zionism has been the strongest in the predominantly Muslim Arab world since early 20th century. Some anti-Zionists refer to Israel as "the bastard child of an evil ideology born in sin" as a "racist, settler-colonial state." They accuse the Zionists of "pursuing ethnic cleansing, expulsions, theft and apartheid."

Some Middle Eastern media denigrate Israel as a "Zionist entity." Anti-Zionists also justify themselves by phrasing their arguments as mere criticism of Israel's policies, including the occupation of the West Bank, Golan Heights and the blockade of the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.

### Academic criticism

Walter Laqueur, a German-American historian, also pointed out a similar issue with the anti-Zionists:

## Related pages

- Antisemitism
- The Holocaust
- Holocaust denial
- Comparisons between Israel and Nazi Germany
- Holocaust trivialization
- _The Protocols of the Elders of Zion_
Finest Worksong

"**Finest Worksong**" is a 1988 song by alternative rock band R.E.M. and is the third and last single from their fifth studio album _Document_. It went to number 50 in the United Kingdom.

## Track listing

All songs written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.

**7" single**
1. "Finest Worksong" – 3:50
1. "Time After Time, Etc." (Live)<sup>1</sup> – 8:22

**12" single and 3" CD single**
1. "Finest Worksong" – 3:50
1. "Time After Time, Etc." (Live)<sup>1</sup> – 8:22
1. "Finest Worksong" (Lengthy Club mix) – 5:52
1. "Finest Worksong" (Other mix) – 3:47

**UK CD single**
1. "Finest Worksong"
1. "Time After Time, Etc." (Live)<sup>1</sup>
1. "It's the End of the World as We Know It (And I Feel Fine)"

### Notes

<sup>1</sup> Recorded at the Muziekcentrum Vredenburg, Utrecht, Netherlands; September 14, 1987, this live medley included "Time After Time (AnnElise)", a snippet of Peter Gabriel's "Red Rain" and "So. Central Rain (I'm Sorry)"

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Finest Worksong
- **type**: single
- **artist**: R.E.M. (band), R.E.M.
- **album**: Document (album), Document
- **b-side**: "Time After Time, Etc." (Live)
- **released**: March 1988
- **recorded**: 1987
- **label**: IRS Records, I.R.S.
- **prev title**: It's the End of the World as We Know It (And I Feel Fine)
- **prev year**: 1987
- **next title**: Orange Crush (song), Orange Crush
- **next year**: 1988
The Reckoning (1908 movie)

***The Reckoning*** is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Florence Lawrence, and Mack Sennett. The movie is an adaptation of Robert W. Chambers's 1905 novel.

## Actors

- Harry Solter as The Husband
- Florence Lawrence as The Wife
- Mack Sennett as The Lover
- Edward Dillon
- George Gebhardt as The Bartender
- Robert Harron as Man in Crowd
- Arthur V. Johnson as Policeman

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: The Reckoning
- **director**: D. W. Griffith
- **writer**: D. W. Griffith
Frank E. Woods
- **starring**: Harry Solter
- **cinematography**: G. W. Bitzer
- **runtime**: 8 minutes (one Reel#Motion picture terminology, reel)
- **country**: United States
- **language**: Silent