Kingdom of Hanover

The **Kingdom of Hanover** () was a kingdom in northwest Germany. It was created in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna. It came after the Electorate of Hanover (officially the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg). It joined 38 other countries in the German Confederation in June 1815. The kingdom was ruled by the House of Hanover. This was a branch of the House of Welf. It was in personal union with Great Britain since 1714. Usually a viceroy controlled Hanover. This was because its monarch lived in London. The viceroys were usually younger members of the British royal family.

The personal union with the United Kingdom ended in 1837 when Queen Victoria became the queen of the UK. This was because females were not allowed to rule Hanover while a related male was still alive. Because of this, her uncle Ernest Augustus thus became the ruler of Hanover. His only son took over from him as George V. However, he was on the losing side of the Austro-Prussian War. His kingdom was then taken over by Prussia in 1866 and lost independence. It became a Prussian province. Hanover became part of the German Empire with the unification of Germany in January 1871. The country came back as the State of Hanover in 1946. But this state was later merged with some smaller states to form the current state of Lower Saxony in then West Germany. The city of Hanover became the capital of this new state.

## Infobox (country)

- **conventional long name**: Kingdom of Hanover
- **common name**: Hanover
- **image flag**: Flag of Hanover 1837-1866.svg
- **image coat**: Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Hanover.svg
- **national motto**:
<small>"Support and Finish"</small>
- **national anthem**: Heil dir, Hannover
- **image map**: Kingdom of Hanover (1815).svg
- **capital**: Hanover
- **religion**: Protestantism (mainly Lutheranism, but also Calvinism), Roman Catholicism
- **demonym**: Hanoverian
- **government type**: Constitutional monarchy
- **legislature**: Assembly of the Kingdom of Hanover
- **currency**: Hanoverian thaler,
<small>(1814–1857)</small>
Hanoverian vereinsthaler
<small>(1857–1866)</small>
- **status**: Fief
- **status text**: States of the German Confederation, State of the German Confederation, in personal union with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1814–1837)
- **year end**: 1866
- **year start**: 1814
- **coa size**: 90px
- **image map caption**: The Kingdom of Hanover in 1815
- **common languages**: German language, German,
West Low German
- **title leader**: King of Hanover, King
- **year leader1**: 1814–1820
- **leader1**: George III of the United Kingdom, George III
- **year leader2**: 1820–1830
- **leader2**: George IV of the United Kingdom, George IV
- **year leader3**: 1830–1837
- **leader3**: William IV of the United Kingdom, William IV
- **year leader4**: 1837–1851
- **leader4**: Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover, Ernest Augustus
- **year leader5**: 1851–1866
- **leader5**: George V of Hanover, George V
- **event start**: Congress of Vienna
- **date start**: 12 October
- **event1**: German revolutions of 1848–49, German revolutions
- **date event1**: 13 March 1848
- **event2**: Austro-Prussian War
- **date event2**: 14 June 1866
- **event3**: Peace of Prague (1866), Peace of Prague
- **date event3**: 23 August 1866
- **event end**: Annexed by Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia
- **date end**: 20 September
- **p1**: Electorate of Hanover
- **s1**: Province of Hanover
- **flag p1**: Flag_of_Hanover_(1692).svg
- **flag p2**: Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Westphalia.svg
- **p2**: Kingdom of Westphalia
- **flag s1**: Flagge Preußen - Provinz Hannover.svg
- **today**: Germany