juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Panderichthys

***Panderichthys*** is a genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned fish). It lived in the late Devonian period, about 380 mya. Possible tetrapod tracks dating back to before the appearance of _Panderichthys_ in the fossil record were found. This suggests that _Panderichthys_ is not a direct ancestor of tetrapods. It shows the traits which evolved during the fish-tetrapod evolution.

Decreased oxygen in the atmosphere would have caused the oxygen concentrations in water to decrease. This  would have caused any aquatic animal which could breathe air to have an advantage, and be more likely to thrive.

In addition to its ability to swim in water, _Panderichthys_ could also breathe air. Its strong pectoral fins might allow it to prop up its head in shallow water and take a breath.

## Description

_Panderichthys_ is a 1.5–2 m (4 ft 11 in6 ft 7 in) long fish with a large tetrapod-like head that is flattened, narrow at the snout and wide in the back.

In January 2010, _Nature_ reported well-preserved and "securely dated" tetrapod tracks from Polish marine tidal flat sediments approximately 397 million years old. These fossil tracks suggest that a group of two meter long tetrapods lived in the fully marine intertidal or lagoonal areas on the south coast of Laurussia. This implies that _Panderichthys_ is not a transitional fossil and represents its own adaptive morphology. Therefore, _Panderichthys_ can only be a "late-surviving relic", showing traits that evolved during the transition from fish-like creatures to tetrapods, but whose date does not reflect that transition. The tracks "force a radical reassessment of the timing, ecology and environmental setting of the fish–tetrapod transition, as well as the completeness of the body fossil record".

### The humerus

One of the features of _Panderichthys_ is its humerus. Due to a complex process, early tetrapods have an L-shaped humerus. Another unique feature is that the humeral ridge doesn't go into the entepicondyle.

### Respiration

_Panderichthys_ could breathe air. The opercular series in _Panderichthys_ was shorter than in other species of osteolepiforms.

## Other websites

- https://www.nature.com/articles/nature07339
Hart, Michigan

**Hart** is the county seat of Oceana County, Michigan, United States.
West Branch, Michigan

**West Branch** is the county seat of Ogemaw County, Michigan, United States.
Murder at 1600

***Murder at 1600*** is a 1997 American action thriller movie directed by Dwight H. Little and starring Wesley Snipes, Diane Lane, Daniel Benzali, Dennis Miller, Alan Alda, Ronny Cox, Diane Baker, Tate Donovan, Harris Yulin, Nicholas Pryor, Pamela Salem. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was a box office disappointment.
Ontonagon, Michigan

**Ontonagon** is the county seat of Ontonagon County, Michigan, United States.
Gaylord, Michigan

**Gaylord** is the county seat of Otsego County, Michigan, United States.
Rogers City, Michigan

**Rogers City** is the county seat of Presque Isle County, Michigan, United States.
Roscommon, Michigan

**Roscommon** is the county seat of Roscommon County, Michigan, United States.
Manistique, Michigan

**Manistique** is the county seat of Schoolcraft County, Michigan, United States.
Centreville, Michigan

**Centreville** is the county seat of St. Joseph County, Michigan, United States.
Caro, Michigan

**Caro** is the county seat of Tuscola County, Michigan, United States.
Cadillac, Michigan

**Cadillac** is the county seat of Wexford County, Michigan, United States.
North New Brighton

**North New Brighton** is a suburb on the northern side of Christchurch. It was originally known as North Beach until 1953 when the suburb was named North New Brighton. It has three schools in the suburb. It is located near the suburbs Parklands, Waimairi Beach, New Brighton and Burwood.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 10


## Infobox (new zealand suburb)

- **name**: North New Brighton
- **image**: North New Brighton War Memorial and Community Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand.jpg
- **caption1**: North New Brighton War Memorial and Community Centre
- **city1**: Christchurch
- **council**: Christchurch City Council
- **ward**: Coastal
- **area**: 199
- **north**: Parklands, New Zealand, Parklands
- **northeast**: Waimairi Beach
- **east**: (Pegasus Bay)
- **southeast**: New Brighton, New Zealand, New Brighton
- **southwest**: (Residential red zone)
- **west**: Burwood, New Zealand, Burwood
28 Weeks Later

***28 Weeks Later*** is a 2007 post-apocalyptic horror movie directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo. It is a sequel to the 2002 movie _28 Days Later_. It stars Robert Carlyle, Rose Byrne, Jeremy Renner, Harold Perrineau, Catherine McCormack, Mackintosh Muggleton, Imogen Poots, and Idris Elba. It is set after the events of the first movie, depicting the efforts of NATO military forces to create a safe zone in London, the consequence of two young siblings breaking the rules by leaving the save zone to find a photograph of their dead mother in their house, and the resulting reintroduction of the Rage virus into the safe zone.
Volkswagen Group

Volkswagen (German pronunciation: [ˈfɔlksˌvaːɡn̩] (listen)),[Note 1] abbreviated as VW ([faʊˈveː] (listen)), is a German motor vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. Founded in 1937 by the German Labour Front under the Nazi Party and revived into a global brand post-World War II by the British Army Officer Ivan Hirst, it is known for the iconic Beetle and serves as the flagship brand of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automotive manufacturer by worldwide sales in 2016 and 2017.[2] The group's biggest market is in China, which delivers 40 percent of its sales and profits.[3][4]

Origin of name: Its name (comes from or) is derived from the German-language terms Volk and Wagen, translating to "people's car" when combined.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Volkswagen AG
- **logo**: Volkswagen Group Logo 2023.svg
- **image**: Wolfsburg VWHochhaus.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **image caption**: Headquarters in Wolfsburg, Germany
- **type**: Public company, Public (Aktiengesellschaft, AG)
- **traded as**: ,
DAX component (VOW3)
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **key people**: Hans Dieter Pötsch (Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
Oliver Blume (Chairman of the Board of Management)
- **industry**: Automotive industry, Automotive
- **products**: Automobiles, commercial vehicles, internal combustion engines, motorcycles, turbomachinery
- **production**: 8,283,000 (2021)
- **services**: Banking, financing, fleet management, insurance, leasing
- **revenue**: Euro, €250.200 billion (2021)
- **operating income**: €20.126 billion (2021)
- **net income**: €15.428 billion (2021)
- **assets**: €528.609 billion (2021)
- **equity**: €144.449 billion (2021)
- **owners**: * Porsche SE: 31.4% of equity, 53.3% of votes (as of 31 December 2021)
* Lower Saxony, State of Lower Saxony: 11.8% of equity, 20% of votes (as of 31 December 2021)
* Qatar Investment Authority, QIA: 10.5% of equity, 17% of votes (as of 31 December 2021)
- **num employees**: 667,647 employees (average during 2021)
- **brands**: Bugatti
- **foundation**: , in Berlin, Germany
- **founder**: German Labour Front
- **location city**: Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony
- **location country**: Germany
- **locations**: list of Volkswagen Group factories, 100 production facilities across 27 countries
Salford City F.C.

Salford City are a club based in Salford. Salford is a major English City. They currently play in League 2 The 4th Division of English Football. Salford City are currently owned by many people such as David Beckham, Gary Neville, Phill Neville, and Ryan Giggs.
Charles, Duke of Vendôme

**Charles de Bourbon** (2 June 1489 – 25 March 1537) was a French _prince du sang_ and a military commander at the court of Francis I of France.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Charles
- **title**: Duke of Vendôme
- **image**: Vendome-Bourbon-2.jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: 18th-century portrait
- **spouse**: Françoise d'Alençon
- **issue**: Mary of Bourbon, Marie of Bourbon
Antoine de Bourbon, Antoine, King of Navarre
Francis, Count of Enghien
Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, Charles, Archbishop of Rouen
John, Count of Soissons and Enghien, John, Count of Soissons
Louis I, Prince of Condé, Louis, Prince of Condé
- **house**: House of Bourbon, Bourbon
- **father**: Francis, Count of Vendôme
- **mother**: Marie de Luxembourg
- **birth date**: 2 June 1489
- **birth place**: Château de Vendôme, France
- **death place**: Amiens, France
Government of China

The **Government of the People's Republic of China** is an authoritarian one-party political system in the People's Republic of China under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It consists of legislative, executive, military and supervisory branches. The head of government is premier, while the _de facto_ top leader of government is CCP general secretary.
Francis, Count of Vendôme

**Francis of Bourbon** or François de Bourbon, (In a date range from January 7, 1470 to December 31, 1470 – 30 October 1495), was the Count of Vendôme and a French _prince du sang_.

## Infobox (nobility)

- **name**: Francis de Bourbon
- **title**: Count of Vendôme
- **image**: File:François de Bourbon, comte de Vendôme.jpg
- **noble family**: House of Bourbon, Bourbon
- **father**: John VIII, Count of Vendôme
- **mother**: Isabelle de Beauvau
- **spouse**: Marie de Luxembourg, Marie of Luxembourg
- **issue**: Charles de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme, Charles, Duke of Vendôme
Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol, Francis, Count of Saint-Pol
Louis de Bourbon de Vendôme, Louis, Archbishop of Sens
Antoinette de Bourbon, Antoinette, Duchess of Guise
Louise, Abbess of Fontevraud
- **birth date**: In a date range from January 7, 1470 to December 31, 1470, according to his father's death date in 1478 (January 6) when Francis was 7 years old.
- **birth place**: Vendôme, Loir-et-Cher, France.
- **death place**: Vercelli, Piedmont, Italy.
John VIII, Count of Vendôme

**John VIII de Bourbon** (1425 – 6 January 1478) was Count of Vendôme from 1466 to his death.

## Infobox (nobility)

- **name**: John VIII
- **image**: Baie 6 Jean VIII de Bourbon (Notre-Dame, Évreux).JPG
- **coa**:
- **noble family**: House of Bourbon, Bourbon
- **father**: Louis, Count of Vendôme
- **mother**: Jeanne de Laval
- **spouse**: Isabelle de Beauvau
- **birth date**: 1425
- **death place**: Lavardin, Loir-et-Cher, Lavardin
- **issue**: Francis, Count of Vendôme
Louis, Count of Vendôme

**Louis de Bourbon** (Louis I, Count of Vendôme) (1376 – December 21, 1446), younger son of John I, Count of La Marche and Catherine de Vendôme, was a French _prince du sang_, as well as Count of Vendôme from 1393, and Count of Castres from 1425 until his death.

## Infobox (nobility)

- **name**: Louis, Count of Vendôme
- **coa**:
- **image**: Louis Blanche2.jpg
- **caption**: Louis and his first wife, Blanche
- **noble family**: House of Bourbon
- **father**: John I, Count of La Marche
- **mother**: Catherine de Vendôme
- **spouse**: Blanche de Roucy
Jeanne de Laval
- **birth date**: 1376
- **death place**: Tours
- **succession**: List of counts and dukes of Vendôme, Count of Vendôme
- **reign**: 1393-1446
- **predecessor**: Jeanne of Vendôme and John I, Count of La Marche, John VII
- **successor**: John VIII, Count of Vendôme
- **issue**: John VIII, Count of Vendôme
John I, Count of La Marche

**John of Bourbon** (John I/VII, Count of La Marche and of Vendôme), (1344 – 11 June 1393, Vendôme) was French _prince du sang_ as the second son of James I, Count of La Marche and Jeanne of Châtillon.

## Infobox (noble)

- **name**: John of Bourbon
- **title**: Count of La Marche
- **image**: JanBourbon katerinavEndome.jpg
- **caption**: John I and  Catherine
- **spouse**: Catherine of Vendôme
- **issue**: James II, Count of La Marche
Isabelle
Louis, Count of Vendôme
John, Lord of Carency
Anne de Bourbon-La Marche, Anne, Countess of Montpensier
Marie, Lady of Brehencourt
Charlotte de Bourbon-La Marche, Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus
- **noble family**: House of Bourbon
- **father**: James I, Count of La Marche
- **mother**: Jeanne of Châtillon
- **birth date**: 1344
- **death date**: 11 June 1393 (aged 48-49)
- **coa**:
Kenneth Waltz

**Kenneth Waltz** (1924-2013) is an American political scientist. He created Neorealism in international relations. He got his MA in 1950 and his  PhD in political science from Columbia University in 1954. He taught at Columbia University and the University of California, Berkeley. His book _International Political Theory_ (1979) is one of the most influential and highly cited works in international relations.
Hans Hoffman

**Hans Hofmann** (March 21, 1880 – February 17, 1966) was a German-born American painter.

Hofmann was born in Weissenburg, Bavaria, in 1880. He started to study art around 1898. He moved to Paris in 1905.

In 1910 the Paul Cassirer Galerie in Berlin shows his paintings together with paintings by Oskar Kokoschka. In 1914 he and his partner, Maria Wolfegg, had to stay in Germany as World War I began. They lived in Munich. He soon started an art school and was able to avoid serving in the military.

Hofmann went to the U. S. A. in 1930 to teach painting at the University of California at Berkeley during the summer. He did this for two more summers. In 1932 he decided to stay in America. He moved to New York City and went on teaching painting. One of his students was artist Lee Krasner. She introduced him to painter Jackson Pollock and art critic Clement Greenberg.

In 1941 he became a U. S. citizen. In 1944 he had his individual first painting show in New York. It had good reviews.

From 1950 on, Hofmann was closely connected to artists who are known for their abstract art and the abstract expressionist movement in painting. Some of these artists were Willem de Kooning, Adolph Gottlieb, Robert Motherwell, Barnett Newman, Ad Reinhardt, and David Smith.

In 1964, Hofmann was honored in several ways. He was a Juror for the Guggenheim International Award. He was elected a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters. And he is given an honorary degree of Doctor of Fine Arts at the University of California, Berkeley.

When he was 85 in 1966, Hofmann died of a heart attack.

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Hans Hofmann
- **birth place**: Weißenburg in Bayern, Weißenburg, German Empire
- **death place**: New York City
- **nationality**: German-American
- **field**: Painting
- **movement**: Abstract Expressionism
- **image size**: 180
Healthcare in India

**Healthcare in India** is both public and private.

The public hospital system is mostly free for Indian residents.  The poorer people are covered by the  National Health Protection Scheme. Those with monthly salaries are in the  Employees' State Insurance. There are four main public health insurance funds: the National Insurance Company, The Oriental Insurance Company, United India Insurance Company and New India Assurance and there are private insurance providers.  Employers must give their workers health insurance.

Plans started in 1944 to build a network of primary health centre<nowiki/>s to cover the whole country.  By 1967 there were about 4000 but many had no doctor. At that time there were 85 medical schools.

The Indian Medical Journal said in 1966 that quack<nowiki/>ery was common in the country. The 1961 Health Survey pointed out that traditional medicine did not deal with public health or preventative medicine. It had little to say about obstetrics or gynecology.
Third Eye Blind

**Third Eye Blind** is an American rock band formed in San Francisco, California, in 1993.

## Musical style

Third Eye Blind's musical style has been described as alternative rock, pop punk, pop rock and post-grunge.

## Band members

- Stephan Jenkins - lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1993-present)
- Kevin Cadogan - lead guitar, backing vocals (1993-present)
- Arion Salazar - bass, backing vocals (1994-present)
- Brad Hargreaves - drums, percussion (1995-present)

## Discography

- Studio albums
- _Third Eye Blind_ (1997)
- _Blue_ (1999)
- _Out of the Vein_ (2003)
- _Ursa Major_ (2009)
- _Dopamine_ (2015)
- _Screamer_ (2019)
- _Our Bande Apart_ (2021)
Võ Văn Thưởng

**Võ Văn Thưởng** (born 13 December 1970) is a Vietnamese politician. He has been the President of Vietnam from 2023 until 2024. He was the youngest person to serve in this position since the government's founding in 1945.

Between 1988 and 1992, he studied Marxist-Leninism at the University of Ho Chi Minh City, where he graduated with a Bachelor's degree. In 1999, he received a Master of Philosophy from Ho Chi Minh City University of Social Sciences and Humanities.

He resigned after just over a year in office amid the Communist Party's anti-corruption campaign, making him the shortest-serving president in Vietnamese history.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: His Excellency
- **name**: Võ Văn Thưởng
- **image**: Võ Văn Thưởng in Italy.jpg
- **caption**: Võ Văn Thưởng in 2023
- **office**: 12th President of Vietnam
- **term start**: 2 March 2023
- **term end**: 21 March 2024
- **term label**: Assumed office
- **primeminister**: Phạm Minh Chính
- **vicepresident**: Võ Thị Ánh Xuân
- **predecessor**: Nguyễn Xuân Phúc
- **successor**: Võ Thị Ánh Xuân (acting)
- **office1**: Permanent Member of the Party Central Committee's Secretariat
- **term start1**: 5 February 2021
- **term end1**: 6 March 2023
- **predecessor1**: Trần Quốc Vượng (politician), Trần Quốc Vượng
- **successor1**: Trương Thị Mai
- **1namedata1**: Nguyễn Phú Trọng
- **office2**: Head of the Central Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Party Propaganda Department
- **term start2**: 4 February 2016
- **term end2**: 19 February 2021
- **1namedata2**: Nguyễn Phú Trọng
- **predecessor2**: Đinh Thế Huynh
- **successor2**: Nguyễn Trọng Nghĩa
- **office3**: Member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Politburo
- **term start3**: 27 January 2016
- **term end3**: 21 March 2024
- **office4**: Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Party Central Committee
- **term start4**: 18 January 2011
- **party**: Communist Party of Vietnam (1993–present)
- **birth place**: Hải Dương Province, North Vietnam, Democratic Republic of Vietnam

- **residence**: Presidential Palace, Hanoi, Presidential Palace
- **alma mater**: University of Hồ Chí Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City University of Social Sciences and Humanities
Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics
Blackfire (American band)

**Blackfire** is a Native American punk rock group.

## Influences

Blackfire's influences include Green Day, The Clash, Aerosmith, Kiss, Nirvana, Lenny Kravitz, Soundgarden, Metallica, Poison, Mötley Crüe, Ramones, Black Flag, The Misfits, The Offspring, Social Distortion, Suicidal Tendencies, Bad Brains, Hüsker Dü, Meat Puppets, Goo Goo Dolls, Fishbone, Pennywise, Descendents, Buzzcocks, The Jam and INXS.

## Band members

- Klee Benally - lead vocals, rhythm and lead guitar (1989-present)
- Jeneda Benally - bass, backing vocals (1989-present)
- Clayson Benally - drums, percussion, backing vocals (1989-present)

## Other websites

- Blackfire: Official Website
American Hi-Fi

**American Hi-Fi** is an American rock band formed in Boston in 1998.

## Band members

- Stacy Jones - lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1998-present)
- Jamie Arentzen - lead guitar, backing vocals (1998-present)
- Drew Parsons - bass, backing vocals (1998-present)
- Brian Nolan - drums, backing vocals (1998-present)
Coir

**Coir**, also called **coconut fibre**, is a natural fibre extracted from the coconu<nowiki/>t. It is made into rope, floor mats, doormats, brushes, and mattresses. It is found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut.  It is quite  waterproof, and resists damage by saltwater.
Paul Rand

**''Paul Rand** (born Peretz Rosenbaum; August 15, 1914 – November 26, 1996) was an influential American graphic designer. He was best known for his corporate logo designs, including the iconic logos for IBM, ABC, and UPS. Rand was a pioneer of the modernist movement in graphic design. He is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential designers of the 20th century. His work was characterized by simplicity, wit, and elegance. He was known for his ability to distill complex ideas into memorable and timeless designs. Rand was a prolific writer and educator. His books, including "Thoughts on Design" and "Design, Form, and Chaos," are still widely read and studied today. Throughout his career, Rand was honored with awards and accolades, including induction into the Art Directors Club Hall of Fame and the New York City Art Directors Club Hall of Fame.

## Early life and Education

Paul Rand was born as Peretz Rosenbaum on August 15, 1914, in Brooklyn, New York, to Jewish immigrants from Russia. He grew up in a working-class family and was the youngest of three sons. Rand showed an early interest in art and design, often drawing cartoons and designing posters for his school's events.

## Early Career

Rand attended the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, where he studied advertising and illustration. During his time at Pratt, Rand became interested in the work of modernist designers such as Jan Tschichold and László Moholy-Nagy. He also studied the works of artists such as Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, whose cubist style would later influence his design work.

After completing his studies at Pratt in 1932, Rand worked as a freelance designer and illustrator. He studied at the Art Students League of New York, where he improved his skills in drawing and design.  His innovative and minimalist approach to design would later make him one of the most influential designers of the 20th century."

## Other websites

- Official Website
- Paul Rand Quotes
Barrinha

**Barrinha** is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil founded on December 30, 1953. The population is 32,465 as of 2022 in an area of 146 km². The elevation is 505 m.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Barrinha
- **settlement type**: Municipality
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image flag**: Bandeira Barrinha.png
- **image seal**: BrasaoBarrinha.jpg
- **pushpin map**: Brazil
- **pushpin mapsize**: 265px
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: José Marcos Martins
- **area total km2**: 145.6
- **population total**: 32,465
- **population as of**: August 1, 2022
- **population density km2**: 223.0
- **utc offset**: −03:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 14860-000
- **area code type**: Area code
- **area code**: 3505609
- **blank name sec2**: ISO 3166-2:BR, ISO 3166 code
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
Zen Arcade

***Zen Arcade*** is the second studio album by American punk rock band Hüsker Dü and released on July 1984. Originally released as a double album on the vinyl LP, Zen Arcade and subsequent albums by Hüsker Dü were instrumental of the creation of alternative rock genre. It is considered by some to be one of the best albums of the 1980s.

## Track listing

_Zen Arcade_ was released on double LP, CD and cassette. CD and cassette releases of the album combine all the songs onto a single disc/cassette.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Zen Arcade
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Hüsker Dü
- **released**: July 1, 1984
- **recorded**: October 1983 at Total Access Recording in Redondo Beach, California
- **length**: 70:09
- **label**: SST Records, SST (027)
- **producer**: Hüsker Dü, Spot (producer), Spot
- **prev title**: Metal Circus
- **prev year**: 1983
- **next title**: New Day Rising
- **next year**: 1985
Platymantis hazelae

**Hazel's wrinkled ground frog** or **smooth-skinned forest frog** (_Platymantis hazelae_) is a frog.  It lives in the Philippines on Tables, Romblon, and Sibuyan Islands.  It lives in the mountains.  Scientists have seen it between 600 and 1700 meters above sea level.
Brown, Louisiana

**Brown** is an unincorporated community in Bienville Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Cambridge, New Zealand

**Cambridge** is a town in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located 24 kilometers southeast of Hamilton. It has a population of 21,600 and making it the third largest urban area in the Waikato after Hamilton, New Zealand and Taupo. It has four primary schools, one high school and one private school in the area. It is the birth place of All Blacks great Colin Meads.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 9


## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Cambridge
- **native name**: Kemureti (Māori language, Māori)
- **settlement type**: Town
- **image skyline**: Victoria Bridge, Cambridge NewZealand1.jpg
- **image caption**: Victoria Bridge over the Waikato River
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: New Zealand
- **subdivision type1**: Region
- **subdivision name1**: Waikato
- **subdivision type2**: District
- **subdivision name2**: Waipa District
- **subdivision type3**: Ward
- **subdivision name3**: Cambridge Ward
- **subdivision type4**: Community
- **subdivision name4**: Cambridge Community
- **leader title**: Territorial Authority
- **leader name**: Waipa District Council
- **leader title1**: Regional council
- **leader name1**: Waikato Regional Council
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 26.69
- **population density km2**: auto
- **postal code type**: Postcodes in New Zealand, Postcode
- **postal code**: 3432, 3434
Downtown Train

"**Downtown Train**" is a song by Tom Waits and taken from his ninth studio album _Rain Dogs_. In 1989 it was covered by Rod Stewart and topped the single charts in Canada. It went to number 3 in the United States, number 10 in the United Kingdom, number 13 in Ireland, number 16 in Finland, number 29 in Australia and number 30 in New Zealand. It also been covered by Patty Smyth and Bob Seger.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Downtown Train
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Tom Waits
- **album**: Rain Dogs
- **b-side**: Tango Till They're Sore
- **released**: November 1985
- **studio**: RCA (New York City)
- **length**: 3:53
- **label**: Island Records, Island
- **writer**: Tom Waits
- **producer**: Tom Waits
- **prev title**: Hang Down Your Head
- **prev year**: 1985
- **next title**: Hang on St. Christopher
- **next year**: 1987
Geriatrics

**Geriatric medicine**, is a medical specialty which looks at the health needs of older adults. There is no fixed age for it to start. The most common thing is that older people often have more than one long term medical problem which cannot be cured and they become frail - losing weight and strength -  and liable to fall.
Canker sore

A canker sore is a kind of  mouth ulcer. These ulcers occur periodically, and heal completely. They are not contagious.  The medical term for them is **Aphthous stomatitis** or  **recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS)**. The condition is very common. It affects  about 20% of the general population.  It often starts in childhood or adolescence, and lasts for several years, before it slowly disappears. There is no cure, but there are drugs that are mostly given to manage pain.
Murder of Abby Choi

A 28-year-old Hong Kong woman named **Abby Choi** was found murdered on 24 February 2023. She was a model and internet celebrity. Police discovered her headless body at a village. They said some of her body parts were in a refrigerator and some of the parts had been cooked. Police said that there were 6 suspects had been arrested. They are Choi's ex-husband, her ex-parents-in-law, her ex-brother-in-law, the alleged mistress of her ex-father-in-law, and a 41-year-old man.
J. C. Bamford

**J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited** is a manufacturing company based in Rocester, Staffordshire.

It was started in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford**.**  It is famous for making mechanical diggers and excavators.
India Post

**India Post** is the  government-operated postal system in India.  It was started under the  East India Company in 1766.  It is  the largest Postal Network in the world.

In 2017 there were 154,965 post offices.  They offer banking and insurance services as well as postal delivery. It runs the Postal Index Number system.
Jadaun

**Jadaun or Jadon** is a Yaduvanshi Rajput clan of the Chandravanshi lineage. The Jadauns ruled major parts of Mathura and later shifted to Bayana and Karauli of Rajasthan.

They claim to be the descendants of the Hindu deity Krishna. There are a large number of Jadaun Rajput villages around Mathura, Aligarh, Bulandshahar , Agra, Etah, Firozabad and other major areas in Braj area in Uttar Pradesh state of Indian subcontinent.
Ugric languages

**Ugric languages** are a branch of the Uralic languages primarily spoken in North Asia and Hungary.

They include Khanty and Mansi, spoken in northwestern Siberia, and Hungarian, primarily spoken in and around Hungary.
Communization

**Communization** is the process of abolishing ownership of the means of production,  which, in societies dominated by the capitalist mode of production, are owned by individual capitalists, states, or other collective bodies.
Distant Sun

"**Distant Sun**" is a 1993 song by Crowded House and is the leading single from their fourth studio album _Together Alone_. It went to number 4 in Canada, number 5 in New Zealand, number 19 in the United Kingdom, number 23 in Australia and number 70 in Germany. It was covered by Brooke Fraser.

## Track listings

As the lead single from _Together Alone_, "Distant Sun" was released in various versions internationally. All songs, including B-sides, were written by Neil Finn unless otherwise noted.

**UK CD single**

All live tracks were recorded at The Roxy, Los Angeles, 26 February 1987. "Distant Sun" and "Walking on the Spot" are from the _Together Alone_ album.

_Disc one_
1. "Distant Sun" – 3:51
1. "This Is Massive"  – 3:55 (live)
1. "When You Come" – 6:16 (live)

_Disc two_
1. "Distant Sun" – 3:51
1. "Walking on the Spot" – 2:54
1. "Throw Your Arms Around Me"  – 3:54 (live)
1. "One Step Ahead" – 3:52 (live)

**Holland CD single**
1. "Distant Sun"
1. "Don't Dream It's Over" (live at the King Biscuit Flower Hour, 24 March 1987)

**Netherlands CD single**

All B-sides recorded live at The Roxy, Los Angeles, 26 February 1987 except "Walking on the Spot" which is the _Together Alone_ album version.
1. "Distant Sun" – 3:51
1. "Walking on the Spot" – 2:54
1. "Throw Your Arms Around Me"  – 3:54 (live)
1. "One Step Ahead" – 3:52 (live)

**Australian CD single**

All live tracks were recorded at The Town & Country Club, London on 9 and 10 November 1991.
1. "Distant Sun" – 3:50
1. "Walking on the Spot" (live) – 2:55
1. "When You Come" (live) – 6:23
1. "Skin Feeling"  – 3:56
1. "Weather with You" (live) – 5:26

**US CD single**

Live tracks were recorded at Munich, Germany, 12 December 1993.
1. "Distant Sun" (remix version) – 3:45
1. "Pineapple Head" – 3:54 (live)
1. "Locked Out" – 3:38 (live)

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Distant Sun
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Crowded House
- **album**: Together Alone
- **length**: 3:51
- **label**: Capitol Records, Capitol
- **writer**: Neil Finn
- **producer**: * Youth (musician), Youth
* Crowded House
- **prev title**: Four Seasons in One Day
- **prev year**: 1992
- **next title**: Nails in My Feet
- **next year**: 1993
Perry Johnson (businessman)

**Perry Johnson** (born January 23, 1947) is an American businessman, politician and author. He has written books on topics relating to business. He is a member of the Republican Party. Johnson ran for Governor of Michigan in the 2022 election for the Republican nomination, but was disqualified. He briefly ran for President of the United States in the 2024 election.

## Early life

Johnson was born in Dolton, Illinois. Johnson earned a degree in mathematics from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, with a minor in economics. He also went to a graduate program for psychology at the University of Detroit.

## Written works

Johnson has written multiple books on quality assurance, the process of creating a standard for the quality of a good or service. He has written books on multiple quality standards, such as ISO 9000, ISO 14000, and AS9100 for aerospace.

## 2022 Michigan gubernatorial campaign

In 2021, Johnson announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination for the governor of Michigan. He launched his campaign for governor in January 2021. Johnson did not meet the requirement of 15,000 valid signatures necessary to appear on the ballot after it was found that 9,400 of the signatures his campaign submitted where invalid and fraudulent.

## 2024 presidential campaign

On March 2, 2023, Perry Johnson announced his bid for president in 2024. He has filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission to form a committee for his presidential campaign. Johnson also ran a Super Bowl commercial in Iowa for his campaign.

Johnson ended his campaign on October 20, 2023 and endorsed former President Donald Trump.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Perry Johnson
- **image**: Perry Johnson by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **birth place**: Dolton, Illinois, U.S
- **education**: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
University of Detroit
- **occupation**: Politician, businessman, author
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 3
Dark Lady (song)

"**Dark Lady**" is a 1974 folk song by Cher and is the title track from her 11th studio album _Dark Lady_. It went to number 1 in the United States, number 2 in Canada, number 4 in South Africa, number 9 in Denmark and Zimbabwe, number 10 in Norway and Sweden, number 11 in New Zealand, number 15 in the Netherlands and number 17 in Australia.

## Formats and track listing

- UK and US 7"
1. "Dark Lady" – 3:26
1. "Two People Clinging to a Thread" – 2:40

- Argentina 7"
1. "Dark Lady" – 3:26
1. "Carousel Man" – 3:02

- Not Released
1. "Dark Lady" (Mixmaster F Farewell Club Mix) (a.k.a. White Label Remix) – 7:25

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Dark Lady
- **caption**: Single cover
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Cher
- **album**: Dark Lady (album), Dark Lady
- **released**: February 1974
- **recorded**: 1973–1974
- **genre**: Folk music
- **length**: 3:27
- **label**: Music Corporation of America, MCA
- **writer**: Johnny Durrill
- **producer**: Snuff Garrett
- **prev title**: Carousel Man
- **prev year**: 1973
- **next title**: Train of Thought (Cher song), Train of Thought
- **next year**: 1974
Pharmacy in the United Kingdom

**Pharmacy in the United Kingdom** has been an important part of the National Health Service since it started in 1948. Unlike the rest of the NHS, pharmacie<nowiki/>s are mostly privately owned. Those in hospitals are now often privately run.

Trade in drugs in the United Kingdom was first regulated by the Guild of Peppers from 1180. The Worshipful Society of Apothecaries was started in 1617. The Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain was founded in 1841. The Pharmacy Act 1868 limited the sale of poisons and dangerous drugs to qualified pharmacists.

In 2024 there were widespread shortages of medicine.  24% of patients said they had difficulties getting medicine their doctor had prescribed.

Medicine prescribed by a doctor was free at the start of the NHS, but later there were prescription charge<nowiki/>s, though many people do not have to pay them.

Boots UK Limited, now part of  Walgreens Boots Alliance, has 2,232 shops across the United Kingdom with more in Ireland, Thailand and Norway.

Superdrug Stores plc is the second largest pharmacy chain  behind Boots.

Lloyds Pharmacy ran about 1300, about 10%, UK pharmacies, and employed 17,000 people. In 2023 it sold or closed many of its branches and only had  138 pharmacies in October 2023.  In November 2023 it announced that it was selling all its community pharmacy branches.

In 2023 there were 11,026 community pharmacies in England.  160  closed between 2021 and 2013.  Costs had risen because of inflation. The  Association of Independent Multiple Pharmacies says that there has been a 30% cut in government funding over the last seven years, after taking account of inflation.  In Scotland pharmacies are paid for every consultation and they can do more prescribing than in England.
St Albans, New Zealand

**St Albans** is a large inner-northern suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is the second largest suburb after Halswell. It has two primary schools in the suburb including a Catholic primary school and has Edgeware shopping centre located within the suburb. The notable residents include The Wizard of New Zealand and New Zealand's greatest bowler Sir Richard Hadlee.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 11


## Infobox (new zealand suburb)

- **name**: St Albans
- **image**: St-Albans-library.jpg
- **caption1**: The old St Albans library, since demolished following earthquake damage
- **city1**: Christchurch
- **council**: Christchurch City Council
- **area**: 398
- **north**: Northcote, Christchurch, Northcote
- **northeast**: Mairehau
- **east**: Edgeware
- **south**: Christchurch Central City
- **west**: Strowan
Merivale, Christchurch, Merivale
- **northwest**: Papanui
Bromley, New Zealand

**Bromley** is a suburb in Christchurch and is situated near the suburbs of Linwood and Ferrymead. It has a primary school that opened in 1880 and was damaged in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake and was not red-zoned. It is industrial and sewage ponds out to the east and residential to the west.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 11


## Infobox (new zealand suburbs)

- **name**: Bromley
- **image**: Aerial image of Christchurch suburbs - Flickr - NZ Defence Force (3).jpg
- **caption1**: Aerial image of the Christchurch wastewater treatment plant, sewage treatment plant
- **city1**: Christchurch
- **council**: Christchurch City Council
- **ward**: Linwood
- **area**: 747
- **north**: Bexley, New Zealand
- **northeast**: (Residential red zone)
- **east**: (Avon Heathcote Estuary, Avon Heathcote Estuary / Ihutai)
- **south**: Ferrymead
- **southwest**: Woolston, New Zealand, Woolston
- **west**: Linwood, New Zealand, Linwood
- **northwest**: Wainoni, Christchurch, Wainoni
Gao

**Gao** was the capital of the Songhai Empire. Other important cities in the empire were Timbuktu and Djenné, conquered in 1468 and 1475 respectively. Trade flourished in those towns.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Gao
- **settlement type**: Communes of Mali, Urban commune and town
- **translit lang1 type**: .
- **image skyline**: Gao Mali 2006.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250px
- **image caption**: Gao in September 2006
- **pushpin map**: Mali
- **pushpin map caption**: Location within Mali
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Mali, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Gao Region, Gao
- **subdivision type2**: Cercles of Mali, Cercle
- **subdivision name2**: Gao Cercle
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **elevation m**: 226
- **elevation ft**: 744
- **population as of**: 2009
- **population total**: 86633
- **timezone**: Greenwich Mean Time, GMT
- **utc offset**: +0
Burhan Çaçan

**Burhan Çaçan** (17 October 1960, Ağrı - 12 January 2023, Istanbul) is a Turkish singer. He first became known with his song "Neden Geldim İstanbul'a" (Why I Came to Istanbul) in 1994.
He died on 12 January 2023 at the age of 62 as a result of a heart attack at his home in Istanbul. His body was buried in the Edirnekapı Cemetery in Istanbul.

## Filmography

- 1981: _Makber_
- 1986: _Ağlama_
- 1987: _Her Yer Karanlık_ (1987)
- 1989: _Ayaz Geceler_
- 1990: _Yağ Yağmur_

### LPs

- _Sefa Geldin_(1981)
- _Kızlar Çıktı Çayıra_ (1983)
- _Deh Deyin Kızlar_ (1985)
- _Ben Yarime Neler Alayım_ (1986)
- _İpek Mendil_ (1986)

### Other Albums

- _Memik Oğlan_ (1987)
- _Ayaz Geceler_ (1988)
- _Yağ Yağmur_ (1989)
- _Vurun Dalgalar_ (1990)
- _Sen Nerdesin & Kış_ (1991)
- _Damla Damla_ (1992)
- _Senden Sonra_ (1993)
- _Mevlüt Ve İlahiler_ (1994)
- _Neden Geldim İstanbul'a_ (1994)
- _Beni Anneme Götürün_ (1995)
- _Unutulmayanlar 1_ (1996)
- _Namussuz Ayrılık_ (1998)
- _İlahiler 99_ (1999)
- _Alınyazım_ (1999)
- _Türküleri Özledim_ (2000)
- _Gecenin Yarısı_ 2002
- _Sus Dinle_ (2004)
- _Yalan_ (2007)
- _Sabaha Kadar_ (2008)
- _Zor Akşamlar İstanbul'da_ (2011)
- _Bu Gece_ (2015)

## Other websites

- official website
- Spotify page Burhan Çaçan
- Instagram page Burhan Çaçan
- Twitter page Burhan Çaçan

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Burhan Çaçan
- **image size**: 220px
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Ağrı Turkey
- **genre**: Folk music, folk
- **occupation**: Singer
- **death place**: İstanbul Turkey
- **years active**: 1978-2023
Dharmendra Singh Rathore

**Dharmendra Singh Rathore** (born 2 April 1968) is an Indian Politician belonging to the Indian National Congress. He Served as the State Minister in the Government of Rajasthan from February 2022 to December 2023. He was appointed as the Chairman of Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation in February 2022. He also served as the State Minister in Government of Rajasthan from 2008 to 2013 as the Chairman of Rajasthan State Seeds Corporation Limited.

## References

- Bansur: धर्मेंद्र सिंह राठौड़ पहुंचे अपने पैतृक गांव, लोगों ने गर्मजोशी से किया स्वागत
- RTDC चेयरमैन धर्मेंद्र राठौड़ के कार्यकाल का 1 वर्ष पूरा गिनाईं उपलब्धियां और भविष्य के कार्यक्रम
- बिजली संकट: कांग्रेस नेता राठौड़ बोले- देश में प्रगति नहीं, नफरत और धार्मिक उन्माद का किया जा रहा है उत्पादन
- 'पर्यटन के क्षेत्र में राजस्थान बना मॉडल स्टेट', जोधपुर पहुंचे RTDC चेयरमैन का बयान
- https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/rajasthan/jaipur/dharmendra-rathod-took-over-as-chairman-of-rtdc-said-i-will-discharge-responsibility/1098254
- धर्मेंद्र राठौड़ आदर-सत्कार कमेटी में शामिल, तो क्या अनुशासनहीनता की कार्रवाई ठंडे बस्ते में? | Dharmendra Rathore included in the hospitality committee, so is the action of indiscipline in cold storage? - Dainik Bhaskar
- Rajasthan CLP boycott: In reply to Congress notices, Shanti Dhariwal and Dharmendra Rathore talk about MLAs’ apprehension
- Dharmendra Rathore बने पर्यटन विकास निगम के अध्यक्ष, पर्यटन भवन में करेंगे पदभार का ग्रहण

## Other websites

- कौन हैं अशोक गहलोत के करीबी धर्मेंद्र राठौड़ और राजीव अरोड़ा, जिनपर इनकम टैक्स का छापा पड़ा है
- Rajasthan government is committed to protect Shekhawati havelis: RTDC chairman Dharmendra Rathore

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dharmendra Singh Rathore
- **image**: Dharmendra Singh Rathore.png
- **office1**: Former Chairman of Rajasthan Tourism
 Development Corporation
- **termstart1**: February 2022
- **term end1**: December 2023
- **office2**: Chairman of Rajasthan State Seeds
 Corporation Limited
- **termstart2**: 15 May 2012
- **term end2**: December 2013
- **party**: Indian National Congress
- **children**: Girish Rathore
- **spouse**: Hansa Kanwar
- **parents**: Nahar Singh Rathore ( Father ), Girdhar Kanwar ( Mother), Sayar Kanwar ( Big Mother )
- **alma mater**: University of Rajasthan (Bachelor of Commerce, B.Com)
- **birth place**: Rajasthan
- **profession**: Politician
- **website**: [https://rtdc.tourism.rajasthan.gov.in/Pages/RTDCOfficers.aspx/ Official website]
U.S. Route 96

**U.S. Highway 96** (**US 96**) is a north–south United States highway in the U.S. state of Texas. Its south end is at US 69, US 287, and State Highway 87 in Port Arthur. Its north end is at Future Interstate 69 (I-69), Future I-369, US 59, and US 84 in Tenaha. The highway is  long.

The route does not follow the normal numbering rule, as even-numbered two-digit highways are supposed to go east–west by rule.

## Infobox (road)

- **state**: TX
- **type**: US
- **route**: 96
- **length mi**: 133.746
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Port Arthur, Texas, Port Arthur
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: in Tenaha, Texas, Tenaha
- **counties**: Jefferson County, Texas, Jefferson, Hardin County, Texas, Hardin, Jasper County, Texas, Jasper, Sabine County, Texas, Sabine, San Augustine County, Texas, San Augustine, Shelby County, Texas, Shelby
George Oppen

**George Oppen** (April 24, 1908 – July 7, 1984) was an American poet.

Oppen was born in 1908 in New Rochelle, New York. In 1917 his family moved to San Francisco, California. He went to a high school military academy but was unhappy, got in trouble, and had to leave it.

From 1930 to 1933 he lived in France. He and his wife started a book publishing company called To Publishers. They printed work by poets who were connected to Objectivism. They printed Louis Zukofsky's _An ‘Objectivists’ Anthology_ in 1932.

His own first book of poetry, _Discrete Series_ came out in 1934. Ezra Pound wrote its Preface. Oppen joined the Communist Party in 1935 but left it in 1942 and joined the U. S. Army to fight fascism. He was wounded during World War II. After the war he became a cabinet-maker in Los Angeles. Due to American anti-communism, he moved to Mexico in 1950. After 1958, he and his wife Mary lived mostly in San Francisco.

His second book of poetry, _The Materials_, came out in 1962. Then _This in Which_ appeared in 1965. In 1969, _Of Being Numerous_ won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry.

Oppen died in 1984 from pneumonia and complications from Alzheimer’s disease.

## Books

- _Discrete Series_ (1934)
- _The Materials_ (1962)
- _This in Which_ (1965)
- _Of Being Numerous_ (1968)
- _Alpine_ (1969)
- _Seascape: Needle's Eye_ (1972)
- _The Collected Poems_ (1975)
- _Primitive_ (1978)
- _Poems of George Oppen_ (1990)
- _The Selected Letters of George Oppen_ (1990)
- _New Collected Poems_ (2001, revised 2008)
- _Selected Poems_ (2002)
- _Selected Prose, Daybooks, and Papers_ (2008)
- _Speaking with George Oppen: Interviews with the Poet and Mary Oppen, 1968-1987_ (2012)
- _21 Poems_ (2017)

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: George Oppen
- **birth name**: George Oppenheimer
- **birth place**: New Rochelle, New York, New Rochelle, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Poet, cabinet maker
- **education**: Oregon State University
Cordage

**Cordage** may mean:

- Rigging, cords and ropes attached to masts and sails on a ship or boat
- Rope, yarns, plies or strands twisted or braided together into a larger form

## Related pages

- String (disambiguation)
- Cord (disambiguation)
- Rope (disambiguation)
Kenyon College

**Kenyon College** is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio. It was founded in 1824 by Philander Chase.

## People

Notable alumni of Kenyon College include:
- U.S. Supreme Court Justices David Davis (1832), and Stanley Matthews (1840).
- U.S. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton (1834)
- Abolitionist and women's rights activist John Celivergos Zachos (1840)
- U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes (1842)
- Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Robert Lowell (1940)
- Novelist and short-story writer Peter Taylor (1940)
- National Book Award-winning novelist William H. Gass (1947)
- Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme (1948)
- Actor Paul Newman (1949)
- Comedian Jonathan Winters (attended, 1950)
- Award-winning writer E.L. Doctorow (1952)
- Pulitzer Prize-winning poet James Arlington Wright (1952)
- Molecular biologist Harvey Lodish (1962)
- Architect Graham Gund (1963)
- Cartoonist and _Zits_ co-creator Jim Borgman (1976)
- Cartoonist and _Calvin and Hobbes_ creator Bill Watterson (1980)

## Infobox (nrhp)

- **embed**: yes
- **name**: Kenyon College
- **nrhp type**: hd
- **nocat**: yes
- **location**: Gambier, Ohio
- **locmapin**: Ohio#USA
- **built**: 1824
- **architect**: Multiple
- **architecture**: Gothic Revival, Greek Revival
- **added**: December 6, 1975
- **refnum**: 75001447


## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Kenyon College
- **image upright**: .7
- **motto**: _Magnanimiter Crucem Sustine_ (Latin)
- **mottoeng**: Valiantly bear the cross
- **type**: Private university, Private liberal arts college
- **endowment**: $550.1 million (2021)
- **affiliation**: Episcopalian
- **president**: Sean M. Decatur
- **city**: Gambier, Ohio, Gambier
- **state**: Ohio
- **country**: United States
- **undergrad**: 1,740
- **administrative staff**: 182
- **nickname**: Owls
- **campus**: Rural,  including a  nature preserve
- **colors**: Purple and White
- **logo**: Kenyon College wordmark.svg