Lok Sabha

Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Parliament of India. As of 2024, there have been eighteen Lok Sabhas elected by the people of India. The Constitution limits the Lok Sabha to a maximum of 552 members. This includes no more than 20 members representing people from the Union Territories. The Lok Sabha speaker is elected from its members.

If this happens, the term may be extended for one year. It can be extended more than one time. The 18th and current Lok Sabha was formed in June 2024.

The Lok Sabha meets at the Lok Sabha Chambers, in Sansad Bhavan, Sansad Marg, in New Delhi.

The Lok Sabha members are elected for a term of five years. The president may dissolve the Lok Sabha. During an emergency the term may be extended for one year.

## History

|Session No.|Date|
| --- | --- |
|First|13 May 1952|
|Second|April 1957|
|Third|April 1962|
|Fourth|March 1967|
|Fifth|March 1971|
|Sixth|March 1977|
|Seventh|January 1980|
|Eighth|December 1984|
|Ninth|December 1989|
|Tenth|June 1991|
|Eleventh|May 1996|
|Twelfth|March 1998|
|Thirteenth|October 1999|
|Fourteenth|May 2004|
|Fifteenth|May 2009|
|Sixteenth|May 2014|
|Seventeenth|May 2019|
|Eighteenth|June 2024|

During the British colonial period, the office of the Secretary of State for India (along with the Council of India) was the authority through whom the British Parliament exercised its rule in the Indian sub-continent. The Viceroy of India was created, along with an Executive Council, in India, which consisted of high officials of the British government. The Indian Councils Act 1861 provided for a Legislative Council consisting of the members of the Executive Council and non-official members; and the Indian Councils Act 1892 established legislatures in each of the provinces of British India. These Acts may have increased the Indian representation in government, but the councils' power remained limited, and the electorate also remained very small. The participation of Indians in the administration increased after the passage of the Indian Councils Act 1909 and the Government of India Act 1919.

The Indian Independence Act was passed on July 18, 1947, and as a result British India was to be divided into India and Pakistan upon independence on August 15, 1947. They were to be dominions (India, Pakistan) under the Crown until they had enacted their own constitutions.

The Constituent Assembly was divided into two for the separate nations, with each new Assembly having sovereign powers transferred to it for the respective dominion.

India became a republic on January 26, 1950.

## Structure

|**State**|Number of Seats|
| --- | --- |
|Andhra Pradesh|42|
|Arunachal Pradesh|2|
|Assam|14|
|Bengal, West|42|
|Bihar|40|
|Chhattisgarh|11|
|Goa|2|
|Gujarat|26|
|Haryana|10|
|Himachal Pradesh|4|
|Jammu and Kashmir|6|
|Jharkhand|14|
|Karnataka|28|
|Kerala|20|
|Madhya Pradesh|29|
|Maharashtra|48|
|Manipur|2|
|Meghalaya|2|
|Mizoram|1|
|Nagaland|1|
|Odisha|21|
|Punjab|13|
|Rajasthan|25|
|Sikkim|1|
|Tamil Nadu|39|
|Tripura|2|
|Uttarakhand|5|
|Uttar Pradesh|80|
|Andaman and Nicobar Islands|1|
|Chandigarh|1|
|Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu|2|
|Delhi|7|
|Lakshadweep|1|
|Puducherry|1|

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: Lok Sabha
- **legislature**: 18th Lok Sabha
- **coa pic**: Lok Sabha.svg
- **coa res**: 300px
- **house type**: Lower house
- **body**: Parliament of India
- **leader1 type**: Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Speaker
- **leader1**: Om Birla
- **party1**: Bharatiya Janata Party, BJP
- **election1**: 17 June 2019
- **leader2 type**: Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Deputy Speaker
- **leader2**: Vacant
- **election2**: 23 June 2019
- **leader3 type**: Leader of the House in Lok Sabha, Leader of the House
- **leader3**: Narendra Modi
- **party3**: Bharatiya Janata Party, BJP
- **election3**: 26 May 2014
- **leader8 type**: Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha, Leader of the Opposition
- **leader8**: Rahul Gandhi
- **party8**: Indian National Congress, INC
- **election8**: 9 June 2024
- **leader9 type**: Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha#List of deputy leaders of the opposition in Lok Sabha, Deputy Leader of Opposition
- **leader10 type**: Secretary General of the Lok Sabha, Secretary General
- **leader10**: Utpal Kumar Singh
- **election10**: 30 November 2020
- **seats**: List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha, **543**
- **structure1 res**: 300px
- **structure1 alt**: Lok Sabha
- **political groups1**: **Government of India, Government (293)**

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**Official Opposition (India), Opposition (237)**

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- **term length**: 5 years
- **voting system1**: First-past-the-post voting
- **first election1**: 1951–52 Indian general election, 25 October 1951 – 21 February 1952
- **last election1**: 2024 Indian general election, 19 April – 1 June 2024
- **next election1**: Next Indian general election, By May 2029
- **session room**: File:View of Lok Sabha chamber in the New Parliament building, New Delhi.jpg
- **session res**: 300px
- **meeting place**: Lok Sabha Chamber, Parliament House, New Delhi, Sansad Bhavan,
118, Rafi Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, India – 110001

- **constitution**: Constitution of India
- **rules**: [https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2495198/1/Rules_of_Procedures_E_2019_16th_edition.pdf The Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha] (English)
- **background color**: #2E8B57