juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jean Kent

**Jean Kent** (**Joan Mildred Summerfield**; 29 June 1921 – 30 November 2013) was a British movie and television actress. She was also known as **Jean Carr**. She was born in Brixton, London. Kent was known for her role as Mille Harris in _The Browning Version_.

Kent died in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk on 30 November 2013, aged 92. She died following a fall a few  days earlier at her home in Westhorpe, Suffolk.

## Other websites

- BBC: Jean Kent at 90
- Jean Kent recalls her appearance on This Is Your Life
- British Pictures Stars
- Photographs of Jean Kent
House of Orléans

The **House of Orléans** was a French noble and royal family. It descends from Louis XIV of France and his only brother Philippe, Duke of Orléans. The families main traditional home was the Palais Royal in Paris. The family later became very powerful during the reign of Louis Philippe I. He ruled France under the title _King of the French_. The king successfully married his children into other royal families of Europe.

### Head, _his_ titles, and wife

The present head of the house is Jean. He is known as the Count of Paris.  He also claims the title King of the French, but is known simply as _His Royal Highness The Count of Paris_ and sometimes the _Duke of France_. However, the titles are not officially recognised because France is no longer a monarchy. Jean has been a claimant to the throne since 2019. The Count is married to Philomena de Tornos y Steinhart. Philomena is of Austrian-Hispanic descent.
Vicente Aleixandre

**Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo** (April 26, 1898 – December 14, 1984) was a Spanish poet. He was born in Seville. Aleixandre won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1977. He was part of the Generation of '27. He died in Madrid from tuberculosis in 1984.

## Other websites

- Poesin blev min räddning (1977), documentary directed by Humberto López y Guerra about the Spanish Literature Nobel Prize Winner Vicente Aleixandre produced for Swedish Television TV1-Kultur

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Vicente Aleixandre
- **image**: Vicentealeixandre.jpg
- **caption**: Aleixandre in November 1977
- **birth place**: Seville, Spain
- **death place**: Madrid, Spain
- **occupation**: Poet
- **nationality**: Spain, Spanish
Star Alliance

**Star Alliance** is the world's first and largest airline alliance. Its headquarters are in Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. It was founded in 1999 by five airlines: Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, Air Canada, Lufthansa, and United Airlines. Varig Brazilian Airlines was the first airline to join, in 1997.  In 2013, the alliance now has 28 member airlines with more than 21,100 daily departures combined. These flights fly to 1,329 airports in more than 150 countries, carrying 678.7 million passengers.

## Members

|style="bgcolor="silver" width:160px;"|Member airline|style="bgcolor="silver" width:70px;"|Joined|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|Aegean Airlines|align=center|||
|Air Canada|align=center|||
|Air China|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Air New Zealand|align=center|||
|All Nippon Airways|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Asiana Airlines|align=center|||
|Austrian Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Avianca|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Brussels Airlines|align=center|||
|Copa Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Croatia Airlines|align=center|||
|EgyptAir|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Ethiopian Airlines|align=center|||
|EVA Air|align=center|||
|LOT Polish Airlines|align=center|||
|Lufthansa|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Scandinavian Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Shenzhen Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Singapore Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|South African Airways|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Swiss International Air Lines|align=center|||
|TAM Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|TAP Portugal|style="text-align:center;"|||
|Thai Airways International|align=center|||
|Turkish Airlines|style="text-align:center;"|||
|United Airlines|align=center|||
|US Airways|align=center|||
Founding member.

Left alliance on 30 March 2014 and moved to Oneworld with LAN Airlines.

Left alliance in early 2014 upon completion of merger with American Airlines.

## Past members

- Adria Airways
- Ansett Australia
- bmi
- Continental Airlines
- Mexicana de Aviacion
- Spanair
- TACA Airlines
- TAM Airlines
- US Airways
- Varig Brazilian Airlines

## Infobox (airline alliance)

- **alliance**: Star Alliance
- **logo**: Star Alliance Logo.svg
- **size**: 300
- **full members**: 26
- **sponsored members**: 40 affiliates
- **future members**: 0
- **airports**: 1,294
- **countries**: 195
- **annual passengers**: 762
- **annual rpk**: 1,739
- **fleet**: 5,033
- **key people**: Jeffrey Goh, CEO
Scott Kirby, Chairman
- **alliance slogan**: _The Way the Earth Connects._
Grand Prairie, Texas

**Grand Prairie** is a city in Dallas County, Tarrant County, Ellis County in the state of Texas. It is a rather big city with a population of 196,100 people in 2020. Grand Prairie is part of a bigger region known as the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex made up of Dallas and Fort Worth and their suburbs or cities outside of them.

## Other websites

- Official website of Grand Prairie

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Grand Prairie, Texas
- **settlement type**: City
- **nickname**: "G.P."
- **image map**: Dallas County Texas Incorporated Areas Grand Prairie highighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 300px
- **map caption**: Location of Grand Prairie in Dallas County, Texas
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Texas, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Dallas County, Texas, Dallas, Tarrant County, Texas, Tarrant, Ellis County, Texas, Ellis
- **government type**: Council-manager government, Council-Manager
- **leader title**: City Council
- **leader title1**: City Manager
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total sq mi**: 81.47
- **area land sq mi**: 72.57
- **area water sq mi**: 8.90
- **area total km2**: 210.99
- **area land km2**: 187.95
- **area water km2**: 23.05
- **elevation ft**: 515
- **pushpin map**: Texas#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Texas##Location in the contiguous United States
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 196100
- **population rank**: US: List of United States cities by population, 122nd
- **population density sq mi**: 2680.91
- **population density km2**: 1035.10
- **population urban**: 5,121,892 (List of United States urban areas, 6th)
- **population metro**: 6,810,913 (List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 4th)
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **population blank1**: Grand Prairian
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **elevation m**: 157
- **postal code type**: ZIP codes
- **postal code**: 75050-75054
- **area code**: Area codes 682 and 817, 682,817, Area codes 214, 469, 972, and 945, 214, 469, 945, 972
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 48-30464
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1336802
- **established title**: Incorporated as Dechman
- **established title1**: Incorporated as Grand Prairie
Dallas County, Texas

**Dallas County** is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, the population was 2,613,539.

The head of the county and biggest city is Dallas. It is the second most populated county in Texas after Harris County. It is the ninth most populated in the whole United States.

## Geography

The county has a total area of 909 square miles.

## Schools

These school districts are in Dallas County:

- Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District (partly in Denton County)
- Cedar Hill Independent School District
- Coppell Independent School District
- Dallas Independent School District
- DeSoto Independent School District
- Duncanville Independent School District
- Ferris Independent School District (mostly in Ellis County)
- Garland Independent School District

- Grand Prairie Independent School District
- Grapevine-Colleyville Independent School District (mostly in Tarrant County)
- Highland Park Independent School District
- Irving Independent School District
- Lancaster Independent School District
- Mesquite Independent School District
- Richardson Independent School District
- Sunnyvale Independent School District

### Cities

- Balch Springs
- Cockrell Hill
- Dallas (county seat)
- DeSoto
- Duncanville
- Farmers Branch
- Hutchins
- Irving
- Lancaster
- University Park
- Wilmer

### Towns

- Addison
- Highland Park
- Sunnyvale

## Other websites

- The official website of Dallas County

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Dallas County
- **state**: Texas
- **flag**: Flag of Dallas County, Texas.svg
- **founded date**: March 30
- **founded year**: 1846
- **seat wl**: Dallas
- **largest city wl**: Dallas
- **area total sq mi**: 908.54
- **area land sq mi**: 873.06
- **area water sq mi**: 35.48
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 2613539
- **density sq mi**: 2994
- **ex image cap**: **From top, left to right:** Dallas panorama, Dallas Hall in University Park, Texas, former Dallas County Courthouse (Texas), Dallas County Courthouse with the Texas flag in 2017, Las Colinas in Irving, Texas, Irving
- **web**: https://www.dallascounty.org
- **named for**: George M. Dallas
- **time zone**: Central
Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China

**Taiwan**  () is the claimed province by the People's Republic of China (PRC) government to be part of PRC, although officially it is currently under the control of the Republic of China (ROC) government. The recognized capital of the country is Taipei City.

## Area

Taiwan Province of the PRC doesn't include Kinmen County and Lienchiang County (as currently under the control of ROC government) because those countries are considered to be part of the Fujian Province of the PRC.
Quake

**Quake** usually means an earthquake, a shaking of the earth's surface.

**Quake** can also mean:

- _Quake_ (video game)
    - _Quake_ (series), the series of video games
- Quake (Transformers), a character in _Transformers_
- Quake (natural phenomenon), a shaking of the surface on planets and moons in general
- Daisy Johnson, a character in the Marvel comic-book universe

## Related pages

- Quaker
No Ordinary Love

**"No Ordinary Love"** is a 1992 ballad. It is from the album _Love Deluxe_ by singer Sade. It was in the 1993 movie _Indecent Proposal_. The song hit #26 in Ireland, United Kingdom and Scotland. In June 1993, the song became a hit across the world. Sade won a Grammy Award for this ballad in early 1994. The full ballad is seven minutes and 21 seconds in length. The single edit is five minutes and 22 seconds.
Paul Walker

**Paul William Walker IV** (September 12, 1973 – November 30, 2013) was an American actor, philanthropist, stuntman and model. best known for portraying Brian O'Conner in _The Fast and the Furious_ film series. The first movie that Walker acted in was _Monster in the Closet_ where he portrayed "Professor" Bennett. Before he died, he appeared on the National Geographic Channel series Expedition Great White.

He was unfortunately killed in a car accident on November 30, 2013 at the age of 40.

## Early life

Paul William Walker IV was born in Glendale, California.His parents were Cheryl (née Crabtree), a fashion model and Paul William Walker III, a sewer contractor and a two-time Golden Gloves champion boxer.Paul was of mostly English ancestry, with a smaller amount of German roots. His paternal grandfather, a professional boxer, had English immigrant grandparents.One of his grandfathers raced factory cars for Ford in the 1960s.He was the oldest of five children. Walker was raised in the Sunland community of Los Angeles. He attended high school in the San Fernando Valley. He graduated from Sun Valley's Village Christian Schools in 1991.He was raised as a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.After high school, Walker attended several community colleges in Southern California, majoring in marine biology.

## Death

On the afternoon of November 30, 2013, it was reported that Walker was the passenger in a friend's car when the driver lost control and crashed into a tree. The car exploded and engulfed in flames, killing both men.

## Other websites

- Official Website.
- .

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Paul Walker
- **image**: PaulWalkerEdit-1.jpg
- **caption**: Walker in March 2009 at the _Fast & Furious (2009 film), Fast & Furious_ premiere in London's Leicester Square
- **birth name**: Paul William Walker IV
- **birth place**: Glendale, California, USA
- **death place**: Santa Clarita, California, USA
- **death cause**: Injuries sustained from single-vehicle collision
- **resting place**: Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills), Forest Lawn Memorial Park
Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles, California, USA
- **education**: Village Christian Schools, Village Christian School
- **relatives**: Cody Walker (actor), Cody Walker
Caleb Walker
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1984-2013
- **children**: 1 daughter
Number of the Beast

**The number of the Beast** (from ) is the fear of the number 666. It comes from the Biblical verse Revelation 13:18, which says that the number 666 is the number of the beast, associated with Satan or the Antichrist.

## Examples

A well-known example of this fear is Nancy and Ronald Reagan, who, in 1989, when moving to their home in Bel-Air, Los Angeles, had its address changed from 666 St. Cloud Road to 668 St. Cloud Road. Another well-known example was the U.S. Route 666, where accidents and incidents were common. It is known as "Devil's Highway" and renamed to U.S. Route 491.
British hip hop

**British hip hop** (also **British rap**) is a genre of music. The style happens across Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England. British rap music was officially observed from the 1980s-afterward, though it might have begun far earlier. Among UK rap artists who moved to the United States at young ages are Slick Rick and Young MC (aka Marvin Young).
American Colony, Jerusalem

The **American Colony in Jerusalem** was a colony in Jerusalem, Israel. It was established by an American and Swedish Christian utopian group in 1881. During the British Mandate of Palestine, the colony was occupied by Jordan until the Six-Day War in 1967.

The cemetery of the colony is located in the National Garden of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Mount Scopus.

## Other websites

- The American Colony in Jerusalem at the Library of Congress website.  Selected documents from the American Colony in Jerusalem Collection in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress.
- Collection of Several Thousand photographs made by the American Colony Photo Department in Jerusalem (Later known as Matson Photo Service)
- Album MIZPAH: Publication of an album which was given to Herbert Samuel by the members of the American Colony in 1925. Israel State Archives site: https://www.archives.gov.il/NR/exeres/9AAD16DC-F305-48EC-8EAF-47D012A7A578,frameless.htm?NRMODE=Published
Russian Compound

The **Russian Compound in Jerusalem** is an old district in central Jerusalem. It began as a Russian colony in the 19th century. It is centred around a large Russian Orthodox church. The main square in the Russian Compound is Moscow Square.

## Other websites

- photos of the Russian Compound in Jerusalem from the Jerusalem webshots site
Maumee, Ohio

**Maumee** is a city in northwest Ohio. It is close to Toledo. At the 2020 census, almost 13,896 people lived there. The name of the city is pronounced "mommy". The name was derived from an Native American tribe. It was established in the 19th century.
Brendan O'Neill (journalist)

**Brendan O'Neill** is the editor of _Spiked Online_, an internet magazine about politics. He also writes for _The Big Issue_, _The Australian_, and _The Daily Telegraph_.

## Other websites

- Official website
Speciesism

**Speciesism** is thinking that humans are better than animals, though humans are technically also animals. It is also treating animals worse than humans. For example, humans often kill animals to eat. Humans rarely kill and eat other humans. The word _speciesism_ was first used in 1970 by Richard D. Ryder, an English philosopher, in a pamphlet called _Speciesism_. It was made popular by Peter Singer's 1975 book _Animal Liberation_. In the book the name of the fifth chapter was "Man's Dominion ... a short history of speciesism". The word 'speciesism' was first put in the _Oxford English Dictionary_ in 1985.

## Media

In 2013, a documentary movie about speciesism called _Speciesism: The Movie_ was released. It was made by Mark Devries, wherein he compares factory farming to slavery and the Holocaust.
German Colony, Jerusalem

The **German Colony in Jerusalem** is a neighbourhood in Jerusalem. It began as a colony established by German Templars in 1873. The colony was built in the Valley of Rephaim on the way to Bethlehem, next to the Greek Colony. The main street of the neighbourhood today is Emek Refaim Street. The Rephaim River passes through the valley. It is also known as "White Valley".

## Other websites

- the German Colony in Jerusalem from the Jerusalem webshots site
Greek Colony, Jerusalem

The **Greek Colony** is a neighbourhood in Jerusalem. It started as a colony of Greeks in 1900. The Greek Colony is next to the German Colony at the end of Emek Refaim Street.
Richard D. Ryder

**Richard Hood Jack Dudley Ryder** (born 1940) is a British writer and psychologist. In 1969 he became involved with animal rights; he protested against an otter hunt in Dorset. In 1970 he made a new word, "speciesism". He used it in a pamphlet called "Speciesism". It is now in the Oxford Dictionary. Ryder made a theory called painism in 1990. In 2001 a book that Ryder wrote about his theory of painism was published. It was called _Painism: A Modern Morality_. Painism is the idea that any being that feels pain deserves rights.

Ryder was born in Purbeck in Dorset. He grew up in Corfe Castle.

In 1971 an essay that Ryder wrote about animal testing was published in the book _Animals, Men and Morals_.

In 1972 he joined the Council of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA). Ryder helped to organize the first academic conference about animal rights. The conference was in August 1977 at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1977 he became the chairman of the RSPCA. He stopped being the chairman in 1979.

His first book, _Victims of Science_, was first published in 1975. It is about how animals were used in scientific research at the time it was written.

## Other websites

- Official website
Clare Balding

**Clare Victoria Balding**  (born 29 January 1971) is a British television presenter. She was born in Kingsclere, Hampshire. She is openly lesbian. In 2009, she was diagnosed with thyroid cancer. She recovered later that year. In 2012, a book she wrote about her life was published. It was called _My Animals and Other Family_. In February 2013, Woman's Hour, a programme on BBC Radio 4, put her on their list of the most powerful women in the UK. Balding presented _Britain's Brightest_ in 2013.
Shirley Manson

**Shirley Ann Manson** (born 26 August 1966) is a Scottish singer, songwriter, musician and actress. She was born in Edinburgh. She is best known for being the main singer of the rock band Garbage. They have released 7 albums.

## Career

Between 1992 and 1994 Manson was a member of a rock band called Angelfish. In 1994 Manson joined Garbage. They released their first album, _Garbage_, the next year. The first single released from the album was "Vow". The single "Stupid Girl" reached number four in the UK. It was their best selling single in the United States. In 1998 Garbage's second album _Version 2.0_ was released. It was number one in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, and New Zealand. Six singles were released from the album. _Beautifulgarbage_ was released in 2001. In 2005 _Bleed Like Me_ was released. _Not Your Kind of People_, Garbage's fifth album, was released in 2013. And two next albums : Strange Little Birds (2016). No Gods No Masters (2021).

In 2013 Manson made a cover of "Because the Night" with Screaming Females.

Manson acted in eighteen episodes of _Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles_.

## Personal life

She is a feminist.
Her first relationship was with her music teacher when she was fifteen years old. She married Billy Bush in 2010.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Shirley Manson
- **img**: Shirley Manson 2013.jpg
- **img capt**: Manson performing with Garbage in Montreal, March 2013
- **img size**: 230px
- **landscape**: no
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Shirley Ann Manson
- **birth place**: Edinburgh, Scotland
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals, Keyboard instrument, keyboards, guitar
- **genre**: Alternative rock, electronic rock
- **occupation**: Musician, lyricist, songwriter, record producer, actress
- **years active**: 1981–_present_
- **label**: Radioactive Records, Radioactive, Geffen Records, Geffen, Liberation Music/Stunvolume
- **associated acts**: Goodbye Mr. Mackenzie, Angelfish (band), Angelfish, Garbage (band), Garbage
Subantarctic

The **Subantarctic** is a region in the southern hemisphere that is just north of the Antarctic region. This covers the part of the world roughly to a latitude of between 46° – 60° south of the Equator. The subantarctic region includes many islands in the southern parts of the Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Pacific Ocean.
Nils Petter Molvær

**Nils Petter Molvær** (born September 18, 1960) is a Norwegian jazz trumpeter. He plays a kind of jazz called future jazz. He has won Spellemannprisen in the Open Class three times. In 1983 he joined Jazzpunkensemblet, a Norwegian jazz orchestra. He released his first solo album _Khmer_ in 1998 in the United States on ECM Records. It has sold more copies than any of his later albums. Molvær played trumpet on the 2008 Hector Zazou album _Corps Electriques_. Molvær was a member of a post-rock band called Jaga Jazzist.

## Other websites

- Official website
Prince Edward Islands

The **Prince Edward Islands** are two islands in the subantarctic Indian Ocean. They are part of South Africa. The two islands are called Marion Island and Prince Edward Island. The only people on the islands are meteorologists and biologists.Now they are allowing more people to live there.

The islands were discovered in 1769 by a Dutch explorer. Different people visited the islands over the years but no one settled there. The British claimed the islands in 1908, then gave the islands to South Africa in 1948.
River Tyne

The **River Tyne** is a river in North East England. It is used for water sports in the summer. More than 43,500 people visit it every year. There is a famous bridge that crosses it called the Tyne Bridge. Another bridge that crosses it is the Gateshead Millennium Bridge. The bridges connect Gateshead to Newcastle upon Tyne.

## Other websites

- Bridges On The Tyne
- Online Charts of The Tyne, to Newcastle
- Tyne Rivers Trust

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: River Tyne
- **image**: File:Newcastle Quayside with bridges.jpg
- **image caption**: River Tyne Gateshead Quayside
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: United Kingdom
- **subdivision type2**: Constituent country
- **subdivision name2**: England
- **subdivision type3**: County
- **discharge1 location**: Bywell
- **source1**: South Tyne
- **source1 location**: Alston Moor, Cumbria, England
- **source2**: North Tyne
- **source2 location**: Deadwater Fell, Kielder, Northumberland, England
- **mouth**: Tynemouth
- **mouth location**: Tynemouth, North Tyneside, England
- **tributaries left**: River Derwent, North East England, River Derwent
Frobisher Bay

**Frobisher Bay** is an inlet of the Davis Strait in Nunavut, Canada. It is in the southeastern corner of Baffin Island. The capital of Nunavut, Iqaluit, is near the bay. Frobisher Bay is 230 kilometers (140 miles) long and is 40 kilometers (25 miles) wide at its widest point. There are many small islands in the bay.

The bay was discovered in 1576 by Martin Frobisher, an English navigator who was looking for the Northwest Passage.
Vitamin String Quartet

The **Vitamin String Quartet** is a music group from Los Angeles. The group is known widely for tribute and cover records of rock, pop or R&B acts. The group started in 1999. They have covered songs of Lady Gaga, Natasha Bedingfield, Adele and many others. Other musicians covered by the Vitamin String Quartet include Bruce Springsteen and Madonna.
Peter Dinklage

**Peter Hayden Dinklage** (born June 11, 1969) is an American actor who starred in the Home Box Office television series _Game of Thrones_. He also starred in other movies, including _Elf_ (2003), _Penelope_ (2006), _Death at a Funeral_ (2010), and _Ice Age: Continental Drift_ (2012). Dinklage was born in Morristown, New Jersey. He was born with achondroplasia, a form of dwarfism. He studied at Bennington College. In 2005, he married Erica Schmidt. They have one daughter. He is a Catholic. He is a vegetarian and a supporter of animal rights.

## Other websites

- Peter Dinklage at Emmys.com
- Interview with Peter Dinklage about The Station Agent
- BBC Movies Interview about The Station Agent
- Interview with Peter Dinklage in Delbarton Today

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Dinklage
- **image**: Peter Dinklage by Gage Skidmore.jpg
- **alt**: Peter Dinklage at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con
- **caption**: Dinklage at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con
- **birth name**: Peter Hayden Dinklage
- **birth place**: Jersey Shore, New Jersey, USA
- **alma mater**: Bennington College
- **years active**: 1993–present
- **children**: 2
- **awards**: List of awards and nominations received by Peter Dinklage, Full list
- **works**: Peter Dinklage on screen and stage, Full list
Elf (movie)

***Elf*** is an American 2003 Christmas comedy movie, directed by Jon Favreau.

It stars Will Ferrell, James Caan, Bob Newhart, Zooey Deschanel, and Ed Asner with Leon Redbone. Ferrell plays a human named **Buddy** who is raised by elves in the North Pole. He lives the way the elves do and helps in Santa's workshop. He travels to New York City to find his father. He is used to how elves live, which is very different from how humans live, with New York being a perfectly opposite way of living compared to the North Pole.

The movie was released to positive reviews on November 7, 2003 by Warner Bros. The film inspired the 2010 Broadway musical _Elf: The Musical_ and NBC's 2014 stop-motion animated television special _Elf: Buddy's Musical Christmas_.
Bellis perennis

***Bellis perennis*** is a very common European species of daisy, of the Asteraceae family, often considered the model type for the name "daisy".

Many related plants also share the name "daisy", so to distinguish this species from other daisies, it is sometimes qualified as "**white daisy**", "**common daisy**", "**lawn daisy**" or "**English daisy**". The plant resembles _Leucanthemum vulgare_,<nowiki/> a similar plant in the same family. _Bellis perennis_ is native to western, central and northern Europe, but widely naturalised in most temperate regions including the Americas, and Australasia.

## Names

Linnaeus named the plant species _Bellis perennis_ in Sp. Pl. 2: 886. 1753
- _Bellis_ is the Latin word for "pretty", "beautiful"; this word was used also as the name of the plant, and Pliny the Elder wrote _Bellis in pratis nascitur, flore albo..._ ("The daisy that grows in the meadows, with a white flower...").
- _perennis_, Latin for "that lasts the whole year", "perennial".

## Description

It is an low herbaceous perennial plant with short rhizomes and rosettes of small rounded or spoon-shaped leaves that are  long and grow flat to the ground.

The flower heads are  in diameter. Although the 'flower' may appear to consist of a yellow centre with white petals, this is not the case. Each individual "petal" is itself an individual flower; these flowers are called **ray flowers**. In the centre (the "disk") there are also many tiny yellow flowers; these are called the **disk flowers**. The different colours and styles of flower work together in order to attract insects. The flower heads are produced on stems without leaves that are  tall.

## Where it grows

_Bellis perennis_ is native to Northern Africa (Morocco), Southwestern Asia, and Europe; widely introduced and naturalised elsewhere.

The species habitually colonises grasslands, including lawns, and is difficult to eradicate. Wherever it appears it is often considered an invasive weed.

## Uses as food

This daisy may be used as a leaf vegetable. Young leaves can be eaten raw in salads  or cooked, noting that the leaves become increasingly astringent with age. Flower buds and petals can be eaten raw in sandwiches, soups and salads. It is also used as a tea and as a vitamin supplement.

## Related pages

- Asteraceae

## Other websites

- Plants for a Future: _Bellis perennis_ profile
Wu Chinese

**Wu** is a group of Chinese dialects spoken in the area around Shanghai in southern China.

Wu dialects have been spoken by some important people such as Chiang Kai-shek. However, the dialects are as different from one another as Spanish is from French. Speakers of Wu cannot always understand one another's dialects. In fact, Wu is a name that is used mainly by linguists, people who study languages.

There are various subgroups of Wu Chinese.

Like for other types of Chinese, the Wu dialects are being replaced by Mandarin.
Military aircraft

A** Military aircraft** is an aeroplane made for military purposes. There are two basic types:
- Those made for combat.
- Those made for transport. Most are Cargo aircraft.

## Related pages

- Fighter aircraft
- Bomber
- Stealth aircraft
- Attack aircraft
- Training aircraft

- Radar-guided missile (weapon on aircraft)
Astraphobia

**Astraphobia**, also called **astrapophobia**, **brontophobia**, **keraunophobia**, or **tonitrophobia**, is a fear of thunder and lightning. It is a type of specific phobia. Both humans and animals can have this type of phobia.

A person with astraphobia often feels fear during a thunderstorm even if there is a low chance that they will be hurt during the storm. They will sometimes look for better shelter during the storm. They might hide under a bed, under blankets, in a closet, in a basement, or anywhere else where they feel safe. A sign that a person has astraphobia is if they are very interested in weather forecasts. A person with astraphobia will want to hear news of storms that are coming by watching the weather on television or watching the storms on the internet.
Up All Night

***Up All Night*** is the first studio album by English-Irish boy band One Direction. It was released in November 18, 2011 in Ireland and the UK, and worldwide in 2012 by Syco Records. Just four months after placing third on the seventh season of _The X Factor_ in December 2010, the group began recording the album in Sweden, the UK, and the US with various writers and producers. The songs are about youth, relationships, heartbreak, and confidence.

The album received mostly positive reviews, with critics praising its catchy pop sound and strong melodies. It debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart and became the fastest-selling debut album in the UK in 2011. In the US, it entered the Billboard 200 at number one, selling 176,000 copies in its first week. It was a global hit, topping charts in 16 countries. According to the IFPI, it was the third best-selling album worldwide in 2012, with 4.5 million copies sold.

## Personnel

(Credits taken from AllMusic and _Up All Night_s liner notes.)

- Beatgeek – producer
- Orlando Calzada – mixing
- Tom Coyne – mastering
- Carl Falk –  producer
- Matt Furmidge – mixing
- Josh Devine – drums
- Chris Galland – assistant
- Jon Shone – keyboards, various instruments
- Dan Richards – guitar
- Sandy Beales – bass guitar
- Şerban Ghenea – mixing
- Chris Gray – illustrations
- John Hanes – mixing
- Niall Horan – guitar, vocals
- Ash Howes – mixing, producer
- Jimmy Joker –  producer
- Savan Kotecha – producer
- Steve Mac – arranger, producer
- Eric Madrid – assistant
- Zayn Malik – vocals
- Manny Marroquin – mixing
- Paul Meehan – producer
- Tom Meredith –  producer
- Liam Payne – vocals
- Brian Rawling – producer
- RedOne – producer
- Steve Robson – producer
- Phil Seaford – assistant
- Shep Solomon – producer
- Matt Squire – composer, producer
- Richard Stannard – producer
- Harry Styles – vocals
- Lou Teasdale – hairstylist, make-up
- Louis Tomlinson – vocals
- John Urbano – photography
- Caroline Watson – stylist
- Rami Yacoub – producer
- Avril Mackintosh – vocal recording and Pro Tools editing

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Up All Night
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: One Direction
- **border**: yes
- **released**: 18 November 2011
- **studio**: Los Angeles, London, and Stockholm
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **length**: 45:56
- **label**: * Syco Music, Syco
* Columbia Records, Columbia
- **producer**: * Ash Howes
* BeatGeek
* Brian Rawling
* Carl Falk
* Jimmy Joker
* Matt Squire
* Paul Meehan
* Rami Yacoub
* RedOne
* Biffco, Richard "Biff" Stannard
* Savan Kotecha
* Sheppard Solomon, Shep Solomon
* Steve Mac
* Steve Robson
* Toby Gad
* Tom Meredith
- **next title**: Take Me Home (One Direction album), Take Me Home
- **next year**: 2012
Zenobia

**Zenobia** (240 – c. 275 ) was a queen who ruled in the 3rd century over the Palmyrene Empire in what is today Syria. She led a famous revolt against the Roman Empire. She was the second wife of King Septimius Odaenathus. Zenobia became queen of Palmyra after Odaenathus' death in 267. By 269, Zenobia had expanded the empire, taking over Egypt from the Romans. Tenagino Probus, the Roman governor, committed suicide after his failed attempt to recapture the territory. In 272 Zenobia declared herself Empress. She ruled over Egypt until 274, when she was defeated and taken as a hostage to Rome by Emperor Aurelian.

Zenobia was Semitic. Many people think she was either Arab, Jewish or Aramean. She gave her son an Arabic name but her family spoke the Aramaic language, the language of the Arameans. She is known by other names, such as **' () in Arabic sources, _Zenobius_ in Latin sources and **' () in Aramaic sources.
Whitehouse.gov

**www.whitehouse.gov** (also simply known as **whitehouse.gov**) is the official website of the White House. The website is owned and run by the federal government of the United States.

The content of the White House website is designed to be an open portfolio for the public to know the current operations of the president during their presidency.

The website contains information about the president, the vice president, the first lady, the spouse of the vice president, press releases, and a transcript of speeches by White House staff officials.

The website also offers information about getting Involved with the White House. This includes directions on how to write or call the White House, learn about the White House Internship Program and White House Fellows program.

## Administration

This is a table of the current administration officeholders.
|Office|Incumbent|
| --- | --- |
|President of the United States|Donald Trump|
|First Lady of the United States|Melania Trump|
|Vice President of the United States|JD Vance|
|Second Lady of the United States|Usha Vance|

## Other websites

- Archived Presidential White House Websites from the National Archives and Records Administration
    - Archived versions of the site during the Clinton administration
    - Archived versions of the site during the Bush administration
    - Archived versions of the site during the Obama administration
    - Archived versions of the site during the Trump administration

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: whitehouse.gov
- **logo**: White House Logo.png
- **caption**: White House Website in June 2025
- **commercial**: No
- **type**: Federal Government Website
- **language**: English
- **registration**: N/A
- **owner**: Federal government of the United States
- **revenue**: N/A
- **location**: Washington, D.C.
- **screenshot size**: 200
Carlos Ghosn

**Carlos Ghosn** (; ; , born 9 March 1954) is a French-Lebanese-Brazilian  businessman and fugitive from the justice system of Japan.

He is an internationally wanted criminal. He was the Chairman and chief executive officer of Renault, which is based in Paris. He held the same positions at Nissan, based in Japan. Together, these companies produce more than 10% of cars sold around the world. Ghosn was also Chairman and CEO of the Renault-Nissan Alliance, the strategic partnership overseeing the two companies through a unique cross-shareholding agreement.

He was born in Brazil.

On January 2, 2020, Interpol issued a red notice to Lebanon seeking Ghosn's arrest.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Carlos Ghosn
- **image**: Carlos Ghosn - India Economic Summit 2009.jpg
- **caption**: Ghosn at the World Economic Forum India Economic Summit in 2009
- **birth place**: Porto Velho, Brazil
- **occupation**: CEO of Renault and Nissan Motors, Nissan
Chairman of AvtoVAZ
- **alma mater**: École Polytechnique (1978) and École des Mines de Paris (1979)
Manal al-Sharif

**Manal al-Sharif** is a Saudi Arabian activist for women's rights in the kingdom. She helped start a women's right to drive campaign in 2011. A women's rights activist who had previously filmed herself driving, Wajeha al-Huwaider, filmed al-Sharif driving a car as part of the campaign. The video was posted on YouTube and Facebook.

Women are not allowed to drive in Saudi Arabia. Al-Sharif was arrested and released on 21 May and then rearrested the next day. On 30 May, al-Sharif was released on bail, on the conditions of returning for questioning if asked, not driving and not talking to the media. _The New York Times_ and Associated Press reported the women's driving campaign as part of the Arab Spring. They reported the length of al-Sharif's detention with the Saudi government's fear of protests.

Following her driving campaign, al-Sharif remained an active critic of the Saudi government. She posted things on Twitter (known as tweeting) about imprisoned female foreign workers, the lack of elections for the Shura Council, and the murder of Lama al-Ghamdi. Her work has been praised by _Foreign Policy_, _Time_, and the Oslo Freedom Forum.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Manal al-Sharif (Manal Abd Masoud Almnami al-Sharif)
- **image**: Manal al-Shraif.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **birth place**: Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- **known for**: Defying female driving ban in Saudi Arabia
- **occupation**: Computer Scientist
- **employer**: Saudi Aramco
- **children**: 1 son (born c. 2006)
Kate Bornstein

**Katherine Vandam "Kate" Bornstein** (born March 15, 1948) is an American writer.  She lives in New York City with her partner Barbara Carrellas.

In 2012 she made a video for Dan Savage's It Gets Better Project. In August 2012 she was diagnosed with lung cancer.

## Life

Bornstein was born in New Jersey to a Jewish family. She joined the Church of Scientology in 1970, and left in 1981.

Bornstein does not feel male or female. She was born male and had sex reassignment surgery in 1986. She has written several books about gender; the best-known is _Gender Outlaw_.

## Media

In 2013 a documentary about Bornstein called _Kate Bornstein is a Queer & Pleasant Danger_ was made.
Disconnecting switch

A **disconnecting switch** (or **disconnector**) is an electrical switch used in high-voltage electrical circuits to isolate the section which has electricity from the section with no electricity. This is done for a full safety method during electrical equipment maintenance or service. They are primarily used for the isolation of various substation equipment, including circuit breakers, power transformers, capacitor banks, and reactors.

## Related pages

- Circuit breaker
House of Farnese

The **House of Farnese** was a noble family from Italy. They owned fine art collections within their many palaces throughout Rome. Two of their members became Popes. The famous Elisabetta Farnese was a member of the family and she had great political influence over her husband, Philip V of Spain. The family were also the rulers of the small Italian **Duchy of Parma**. The family's art collection was only rivalled by that of the Medici.
Electrostatic precipitator

An **electrostatic precipitator** (**ESP**) is a device to capture particles from a flowing gas. It uses the force produced by electrostatic charge. ESPs are used in many power plants which burn fuel to produce energy, such as in power stations. Any gas produced by fuel burning will pollute the air much less after being passed through an ESP.
Voltage spike

A **voltage spike** is a sudden increase in voltage value over a short time in power systems. It can be caused by several factors, but mostly it is due to external or internal disturbance. A voltage spike might cause an increase in current, but the increase in voltage might have been caused by the current increase as well.
Transmission tower

A **transmission tower** or **pylon** (also known as an **ironman** in Australia and a **hydro tower** in parts of Canada) is a tall tower used for electric power transmission. It carries the electrical conductors (wires) of high-voltage overhead power lines. The tower is high for a safe distance for people, animals or things below the wires.

Most big transmission towers are lattice steel structures. Smaller ones may be wood, concrete or steel poles.

## Types

Most transmission towers are built as suspension towers. They only hold up the wires, not pull them. Their insulators are used vertically.

Tension towers (also known as anchor towers) pull on the wires. Their insulators are used horizontally. They work as terminal towers at the end of a power line. They work as branch towers where power lines split and run in different directions.

Transposition towers are relatively rare. They allow the wires to change their position on the tower.

## Related pages

- Underground cable
Donald Watson

**Donald Watson** (2 September 1910 – 16 November 2005) was an English woodwork teacher who made the word 'vegan'. He started the Vegan Society in 1944.

In 1924, Watson saw a pig being killed on his uncle's farm. After this he became a vegetarian. He was fourteen years old. When Watson was fifteen he left school to be an apprentice woodworker. Watson was born in Mexborough, Yorkshire.
Overburden

**Overburden** is the material that sits on top of an area where miners or archaeologists want to dig. In mining, it is usually the soil or rock that sits on top of a coal or ore deposit. The soil needs to be removed to get to the minerals or objects below.
Coal preparation plant

A **coal preparation plant** (or **coal handling plant**) is a place where coal is prepared for use after it has been mined. The coal is washed and resized here, before it is transported to be sold, loaded on coal transport or used locally. It is then transported to coal-fired power plants, for example.
Boiler feedwater pump

A **boiler feedwater pump** is a pump that supplies water to a boiler. The water can be supplied freshly from a water source (such as a reservoir) or from water that has gone through the condensation process from the previous water cycle. The pump is a high-pressure pump, and it can be found in any plant that uses boiler, such as thermal power stations.
Three-phase electric power

**Three-phase electric power** is a method to generate, transmit and distribute AC electricity. It is the most common method in power systems to transfer power from generation to load. Three-phase systems are usually more economical to be used than equivalent single-phase or double-phase systems.
Power factor

In electricity, the **power factor** (**PF** or **cosφ**) is the ratio between the power that can be used in electric circuit (real power, P) and the power from the result of multiplication between the current and voltage circuit (apparent power, S). The power factor is defined as:

PF ranges from zero to one. The higher the PF, the more efficient the circuit is because more power can be used, and vice versa. Factors that can cause PF to be less than one is non-linear load, which are capacitive load and inductive load.

## Practical applications of power factor

Power factor plays an important role in the performance, efficiency and cost of electrical systems across different sectors. In many applications, maintaining a high power factor reduces current draw, minimises transmission losses, and improves the utilisation of electrical infrastructure. The typical ranges and significance of power factor in common fields are shown below.
|Field/Application|Typical Power Factor Range|
| --- | --- |
|Power Distribution|0.8-0.95|
|Industrial Motors|0.7-0.9|
|Data Centers|0.9-0.98|
|Healthcare Facilities|0.85-0.95|
|Transportation|0.8-0.95|
|Renewable Energy|0.95-1.0|
|Manufacturing Plants|0.7-0.9|
|Commercial Buildings|0.8-0.92|
Laverne Cox

**Laverne Cox** (born May 29, 1972) is an American actress and LGBT advocate. She is best known for playing Sophia Burset in _Orange Is the New Black_, a Netflix series. Burset is a transgender woman in a women's prison.

## Early life

Laverne Cox was born in Mobile, Alabama and was raised by a single mother and grandmother within the AME Zion church. She has an identical twin brother, M Lamar, who portrays the pre-transitioning Sophia (as Marcus) in _Orange Is the New Black_. Cox stated she attempted suicide at the age of 11, when she noticed that she had developed feelings about her male classmates and had been bullied for several years for not acting "the way someone assigned male at birth was supposed to act".

Cox is making a documentary about CeCe McDonald, an African American transgender woman who was put in prison for killing a man who attacked her. On January 13 2014 Cox met CeCe to drive her home after she was released from prison. Cox spoke at the start of the 2014 National Gay and Lesbian Task Force conference Creating Change. Cox was chosen as one of the 2014 grand marshalls for the New York City Pride March.

## Honors and awards

- 2013 – Anti-Violence Project 2013 Courage Award honoree
- 2013 – Reader's Choice Award at _Out Magazine_s OUT100 Gala, honoring the magazine's selection of 2013s 100 "most compelling people of the year."
- 2014 – Woman of the Year by _Glamour_ magazine.
- 2014 – Included in the annual Root 100; this list honors "standout black leaders, innovators and culture shapers" age 45 and younger.
- 2014 – Topped the British newspaper _The Guardian_s third annual World Pride Power List, which ranks the world's most influential LGBT people.
- 2014 – Stephen F. Kolzak Award from GLAAD.
- 2014 – Named to the EBONY Power 100 list.
- 2015 – Named to the 2015 OUT Power 50 List.
- 2015 – Included in the _People_ World's Most Beautiful Women List.
- 2015 – Three Twins Ice Cream in San Francisco renamed its chocolate orange confetti ice cream Laverne Cox's Chocolate Orange Is the New Black for Pride weekend.
- 2015 – Named in the 2015 _Time_ 100 Most Influential People List; her entry was written by Jazz Jennings.
- 2015 – Named by Forum for Equality as one of their 31 Icons of the LGBT History Month.
- 2015 – Winner of a Daytime Emmy Award in Outstanding Special Class Special as Executive Producer for _Laverne Cox Presents: The T Word._ This made Cox the first openly transgender woman to win a Daytime Emmy as an Executive Producer; as well, _The T Word_ is the first trans documentary to win a Daytime Emmy.
- 2017 – Named to the 2017 OUT Power 50 List.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Laverne Cox
- **image**: Laverne Cox by Sachyn Mital cropped.jpg
- **caption**: Cox in July 2014
- **birth place**: Mobile, Alabama, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, Actress, Reality television, reality television star, activist
- **years active**: 2000–present
- **relatives**: M Lamar  Gloria Cox  Mother