juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dinosaur Jr

**Dinosaur Jr** is an American rock band. The band was formed in 1984 in Massachusetts. The band stopped playing in 1997 but came back together in 2007. The people in the band right now are J Mascis, Lou Barlow and Murph.  The band has recorded many albums over the years that were very important to rock music. Some of these albums are _You're Living All Over Me_, _Green Mind_ and _Beyond_.

The band is famous for J Mascis' guitar sounds and his powerful guitar solos.

## Discography

- Dinosaur (1985)
- You're Living All Over Me (1987)
- Bug (1988)
- Green Mind (1991)
- Where You Been (1993)
- Without a Sound (1994)
- Hand It Over (1997)
- Beyond (2007)
- Farm (2009)
- I Bet on Sky (2012)
- Give a Glimpse of What Yer Not (2016)
- Sweep It Into Space (2021)

https://www.dinosaurjr.com/music

## Other websites

- Official Dinosaur Jr site

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Dinosaur Jr
- **image**: Dinosaur Jr. at WTAI in Stockholm.jpg
- **caption**: Dinosaur Jr in Stockholm, Sweden in June 2008
- **landscape**: yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- **genre**: Alternative rock, indie rock
- **years active**: 1984–1997, 2005–present
- **label**: Homestead Records (1983), Homestead, SST Records, SST, Blanco y Negro Records, Blanco y Negro/Sire Records, Sire, Merge Records, Merge, Fat Possum Records, Fat Possum, Play It Again Sam (record label), PIAS Recordings, Jagjaguwar, Blast First
- **associated acts**: Sebadoh, Deep Wound, J Mascis and the Fog, Witch (band), Witch, Folk Implosion
- **current members**: J Mascis
Lou Barlow
Murph (drummer), Murph
- **past members**: Mike Johnson (bassist), Mike Johnson
George Berz
Band Aid (band)

**Band Aid** was a British and Irish charity music supergroup. It was started in 1984 by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure. The purpose was to raise money for famine relief in Ethiopia by making the record **"Do They Know It's Christmas?"** The single was very successful. It was Number One on the music charts during Christmas. Two re-recordings of the song were done. They raised more money and also finished Number One on the charts.

Band Aid II re-recorded the song in 1989, and Band Aid 20 did the same in 2004.

## Other websites

- Registered Charity No. 292199  (Band Aid Charitable Trust)
Hüsker Dü

**Hüsker Dü** was an American hardcore punk and later alternative rock band from the 1980s. The band formed in 1979 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The people in the band were Bob Mould who sang and played electric guitar, Greg Norton (later replaced by Enrique Peña Nieto) who played bass guitar and Grant Hart who sang and played drums. The band stopped playing together in 1987.

The band's sound changed very much over the years they were together, but it was always very loud and powerful. The band began as a hardcore band. They played extremely loud and very fast and often screamed their vocals instead of singing. As time went on, the songs began to get slower and more melodic. By the time the band had stopped playing together, their music was no longer punk rock and had changed to alternative rock.

Hüsker Dü always had more than one singer. This is because the band decided early in their time together that whoever wrote the lyrics of a song would sing that song. This meant that many of the songs were be very different from each other, but it also caused fights within the band. In 1987, the band stopped playing together because of these fights.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Hüsker Dü
- **img capt**: Hüsker Dü in 1985. Left to right: Greg Norton, Grant Hart, Bob Mould
- **img size**: 250
- **landscape**: Yes
- **background**: group_or_band
- **origin**: Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States
- **genre**: Alternative rock, hardcore punk
- **years active**: 19791988
- **label**: New Alliance Records, New Alliance, SST Records, SST, Warner Bros. Records, Warner Bros.
- **associated acts**: Nova Mob, Sugar (American band), Sugar
- **past members**: Grant Hart
Bob Mould
Greg Norton
Charlie Pine
Deir el Qamar Synagogue

The **Deir el Qamar Synagogue** is a synagogue in Deir el Qamar, Lebanon; it is the oldest synagogue in Mount Lebanon. The synagogue was built in the seventeenth century to serve the local Jewish Lebanese population. Some of them were under the rule of Emir Fakhreddine II.

## Related pages

- History of the Jews in Lebanon
- Maghen Abraham Synagogue (Beirut, Lebanon)
- Wadi Abu Jamil

## Other websites

- The Jews of Lebanon blog
- Corporation of Lebanese Jews in Canada
Interstate 75

**Interstate 75** (often shortened to **I-75**) is an Interstate Highway in the midwest and southeastern United States that runs north and south. It travels from State Road 826 (Palmetto Expressway) and State Road 924 (Gratigny Parkway) in Hialeah, Florida (just west of Miami) to Sault St. Marie, Michigan, at the Ontario, Canada, border. The route is  long.

## Major Cities along the highway

- Sault Ste. Marie, MI
- Detroit, MI
- Toledo, OH
- Dayton, OH
- Cincinnati, OH
- Lexington, KY
- Knoxville, TN
- Chattanooga, TN
- Atlanta, GA
- Macon, GA
- Tampa, FL

## Infobox (road)

- **country**: USA
- **type**: I
- **route**: 75
- **established**: 1957
- **map custom**: yes
- **map notes**: I-75 highlighted in red
- **length mi**: 1786.47
- **direction a**: South
- **terminus a**: in Miami Lakes, Florida, Miami Lakes, FL
- **direction b**: North
- **terminus b**: Canada–United States border, Canadian border on Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge, Int'l Bridge at the Sault Sainte Marie Border Crossing
- **states**: Florida, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Michigan
Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael

***Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael***  is a 1999 United States Supreme Court case. It  applied the _Daubert_ standard to expert testimony from non-scientists.

## Facts of the case

Patrick Carmichael was driving his minivan on July 6, 1993, when the right rear tire blew out. One of the passengers in the vehicle died, and others were severely injured. Three months later, the Carmichaels sued the manufacturer of the tire, claiming that the tire was defective and the defect caused the accident. The Carmichaels' case rested largely on testimony from a tire failure expert.

The tire failure expert relied on features of tire technology that the manufacturer did not dispute, as well as background facts about the particular tire on the Carmichaels' van. The expert's conclusion that a defect in the tire caused the accident rested on certain observations about the tire that Kumho Tire vigorously disputed. Kumho also disagreed with certain aspects of the tire expert's methodology, and asked the federal district court hearing the case to exclude it under Rule 702 of the Federal Rules of Evidence.

The district court took its cue from Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, which had given power for trial judges in admitting expert testimony. Under Daubert, certain factors contribute to the reliability, and hence the admissibility, of expert testimony, one of which is the general validity of the expert's methods. The district court found the tire expert's methods not to be scientifically valid, and hence excluded his testimony. This meant that Kumho Tire would prevail. The Carmichaels appealed to the Eleventh Circuit.

The Eleventh Circuit reversed the district court's ruling in favor of Kumho Tire. It reasoned that Daubert was expressly limited only to scientific expert testimony and did not apply to "skill- or experience-based observation." The tire expert's testimony rested on observation and experience, and so the Eleventh Circuit reasoned the district court should have made a different ruling based on Rule 702 without the Daubert gloss. Kumho Tire asked the Supreme Court to review whether Daubert applied solely to scientific evidence.
Deodorant

**Deodorant** is anything that takes away an odor, or bad smell. Often, it means something people put on their bodies so their sweat does not smell as bad. The most commonly used deodorants are for use on the armpits. These are also **anti-perspirants** because they reduce the production of sweat. There are deodorants for other places on the body as well. Deodorant can be sold in the form of sprays, bottles, or sticks that are rolled onto the body.
Josh Holloway

**Josh Holloway** (born July 20, 1969 in San Jose, California) is an American actor most known for his role as James "Sawyer" Ford on ABC's Emmy award-winning show _Lost_.

### Film

|Year|Title|Role|class = "unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2001|_Cold Heart_|Sean|||
|2002|_Moving August_|Loren Carol|||
|2002|_Mi Amigo_|Younger Pal|||
|2002|_My Daughter's Tears_|Uncredited|||
|2003|_Doctor Benny_|Pheb|||
|2006|_Just Yell Fire_|Himself|||
|2007|_Whisper_|Max Truemont|||
|2009|_Stay Cool_|Wino|||
|2011|_Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol_|Trevor Hanaway|||
|2013|_Battle of the Year: The Dream Team_|Jason Blake|||
|2013|_Paranoia_|Agent Gamble|||
|2014|_Sabotage_|Eddie "Neck" Jordan|||

### Television

|Year|Title|Role|class = "unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1999|_Angel_|Good-Looking Guy|Episode: "City of..."||
|2001|_Walker, Texas Ranger_|Ben Wiley|Episode: "Medieval Crimes"||
|2002|_Sabretooth_|Trent Parks|Television movie||
|2003|_CSI: Crime Scene Investigation_|Kenny Richmond|Episode: "Assume Nothing"||
|2003|__|Lana's Boytoy|Episode: "Separation Anxiety"||
|2004|_NCIS_|Sheriff|Episode: "My Other Left Foot"||
|2004|_Good Girls Don't_|Eric|Episode: "Addicted to Love"||
|2004–2010|_Lost_|James "Sawyer" Ford|104 episodes||
|2011|_Community_|Black Rider|Episode: "A Fistful of Paintballs"||
|2011|_Five_|Bill|Television movie||
|2013|_Yo Gabba Gabba!_|Farmer Josh|Episode: "Farm"||
|2014|_Intelligence_|Gabriel Vaughn|Starring role—series regular||
|2016–2018|_Colony_|Will Bowman|Main role||
|2025|The Paper|Himself|Episode: "Scam Alert"||

## Music videos and games

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1993|_Cryin_|Thief|Acting debut|

|Year|Title|Role|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2007|_Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars_|Ajay||

## Awards and nominations

|Year|Award|Category|Nominated work|Result|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan=2|2005|Screen Actors Guild Awards|Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series|rowspan=10 style="text-algin:center"|_Lost_||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice TV: Male Breakout Star||||||
|rowspan=2|2006|Saturn Award|Best Supporting Actor on Television||||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice TV: Chemistry <small>(shared with Evangeline Lilly and Matthew Fox)</small>||||||
|2007|rowspan=2|Saturn Award|Best Supporting Actor on Television||||
|rowspan=2|2008|Best Supporting Actor on Television|||||
|Teen Choice Awards|Choice TV Actor: Action||||||
|rowspan=2|2009|Saturn Award|Best Actor on Television||||
|rowspan=2|Teen Choice Awards|Choice TV Actor: Action|||||
|2010|Choice TV Actor Fantasy/Sci-Fi||||||

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Josh Holloway
- **image**: Intelligence - Josh Holloway.jpg
- **caption**: Holloway at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con International.
- **birth place**: San Jose, California
- **birthname**: Joshua Lee Holloway
- **known for**: Playing James "Sawyer" Ford in _Lost (TV series), Lost_
- **awards**: **Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Ensemble - Drama Series**
 2005 _Lost (TV series), Lost_
- **spouse**: Yessica Kumala (October 1, 2004—present)
Manuel Fraga Iribarne

**Manuel Fraga Iribarne** (November 23, 1922 in Vilalba – January 15, 2012 in Madrid) was a Spanish and Galician politician. Fraga was a politician in Spain under Francisco Franco's dictatorial regime and in the democracy after Franco's death. He was the President of Galicia from 1990 to 2005 and governed the region strictly with a hard hand. He was loved by those who supported him, and loathed by his opponents.
Galicia (Spain)

**Galicia** or **Galiza** is a nationality in Spain that became a Spanish autonomous community in 1978. It is in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. It shares borders with Portugal to the South and the communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east.

## History

Galicia is a green country with Celtic features. Since re-gaining autonomy in 1978, Galicia has been governed by the Xunta de Galicia (government of Galicia). Galicia was strictly governed from 1990 until 2005, during the Manuel Fraga years. The Xunta de Galicia was then under a socialist president Emilio Perez Touriño, who had made Galicia more liberal than ever before, until 2009. From March 2009 Partido Popular (right-wing party) won power and the new president is Alberto Núñez Feijoo, who won a second term as president in 2012.

## Language

Galicia has one main language:_Galician_ "galego". It has many similarities with Portuguese. Galego and Portuguese have the same origin. Spanish is also spoken in Galicia, but mainly as a second language.

## Cuisine

Galicia is very famous for its fishing industry and seafood remains an important part of its cuisine. A very popular dish in Galicia is _polbo á feira_, ("polbo" means octopus). There are many restaurants that serve seafood in Galicia.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Galicia
- **settlement type**: Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous community
- **image alt**:
- **image flag**: Flag of Galicia.svg
- **image shield**: Escudo de Galicia.svg
- **shield alt**: Coat-of-arms of Galicia
- **image map**:
- **map caption**: Location of Galicia in Iberia
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Capital
- **subdivision name1**: Santiago de Compostela
- **parts type**: Provinces of Spain, Provinces
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: A Coruña (province), A Coruña
- **p2**: Lugo (province), Lugo
- **p3**: Ourense (province), Ourense
- **p4**: and Pontevedra (province), Pontevedra
- **government type**: Devolved government in a constitutional monarchy
- **governing body**: Xunta de Galicia
- **leader party**: People's Party (Spain), PPdeG
- **leader title**: President of Galicia, President
- **leader name**: Alberto Núñez Feijóo
Bilirubin

**Bilirubin** is a product that comes from the breakdown of haemoglobin. Its levels are higher in certain diseases and it causes the yellow color of bruises and the brown color of faeces. Its level usually measured to monitor liver or gallbladder problems.
Nelly Furtado

**Nelly Kim Furtado** <small>ComIH</small> (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer-songwriter.

## Music

She can also play many musical instruments. She first started singing at the age of four. She could play the trombone, the guitar the keyboard and the ukulele at the age of twelve. She has released seven albums. The first album was released in 2000 and was called _Whoa! Nelly_. She become famous worldwide because the album was very popular. The first single released was "I'm Like a Bird" which earned her a Grammy Award. Her second album was _Folklore_ released in 2003. It was not as popular as the previous album. Her third album in 2006 was _Loose_ which spawned many hit songs including "Promiscuous", "Maneater", "Say It Right" and "All Good Things (Come to an End)".  She then released a Spanish language album in 2009 titled _Mi Plan_ and in 2010 released a greatest hits album. Her next English language album _The Spirit Indestructible_ was released in 2012. In 2017 she released her sixth album, _The Ride_. In 2024 she released her seventh album, named _7_. She sings in English, Spanish and Portuguese.

## Family

Furtado's parents are Portuguese immigrants. On September 20, 2003, she gave birth to a daughter, Nevis.

## Biography

Her parents named her Nelly Kim in reference to Kazakh gymnastics champion Nellie Kim who won 5 gold medals (3 in 1976 and 2 in 1980) and 1 silver (in 1976) at the Olympic Games.

She learned to play trombone, guitar and ukulele at the age of 9 and the synthesizer at age 11. Nelly liked music from an early age. She knew from the age of 4 that she wanted to become a singer. Nelly sang with her mother in a choir, especially during Portugal's National Day.

As a teenager, she began to write songs and was part of a Portuguese fanfare. During this time, she listened to R&B, hip hop, alternative rock, alternative hip hop, trip hop, fado, bossa nova, Indian music and variety. The artists that Nelly loved (and influenced her) include: Jeff Buckley, Caetano Veloso, Jennifer Lopez, Amalia Rodrigues, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Cornershop, Maryh Blige, Mariah Carey, TLC, Digable Planets, De The Soul, Aaliyah, Radiohead, Oasis, The Smashing Pumpkins, The Verve, U2, Kylie Minogue, Beck.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Nelly Furtado
 <small>Order of Prince Henry, ComIH</small>
- **img**: Nelly Furtado at Radio Regenbogen Award 2017 (5).jpg
- **img capt**: Nelly Furtado in 2017.
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Nelly Kim Furtado
- **origin**: Victoria, British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- **instrument**: Singing, guitar, Keyboard instrument, keyboard, ukulele, trombone and more
- **genre**: pop music, Pop, R&B, folk music, folk, hip hop, world music, world, latin music, latin
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter, record producer
- **years active**: 1996–present
- **label**: DreamWorks Records, Mosley Music Group, Geffen Records
- **website**: [http://www.nellyfurtado.com NellyFurtado.com]
Anna Jurkiewicz

**Anna Jurkiewicz** (born February 9, 1984 in Oświęcim, Poland) is a Polish figure skater.

As a young girl, she was one of the best young skaters in the world. Then she had some health problems and was not able to skate. She returned in 2006 and has been competing internationally since autumn 2006.

## Other websites

- Official Homepage
- ISU Official Profile
Exmoor

**Exmoor** is a national park in England. The border of two counties, Devon and Somerset, runs through it. It is an area of sandstone hills which form tall cliffs on its north coast. The high ground of Exmoor is mostly rough grassland, but there are small woodlands on its lower slopes.

In Exmoor is an important water reservoir, Wimbleball Lake.

It is also famous for the Exmoor Pony.

## Other websites

- Exmoor National Park Authority
- North Devon & Exmoor Official Guide
Barnstaple

**Barnstaple** is a town in Devon, a county in South West England. 20,724 people live there. It is found  west southwest of Bristol,  north of Plymouth and  northwest of the county town of Exeter.

## Other websites

- Barnstaple Town Council and Town Centre Management
- North Devon District Council
- Barnstaple Webcam (from Civic Centre)
- Barnstaple's History
- Museum of Barnstaple & North Devon
- State of Devon's economy 2006
- Pannier Market's History
Bideford

**Bideford** is a town in north Devon, a county in South West England. It is on the River Torridge. 14,407 people live there. It is a port, and its main export is clay.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **static image**: Bideford-Devon.jpg
- **static image caption**: Bideford looking westward across the River Torridge.
- **official name**: Bideford
- **population**: 17,107
- **population ref**: (2011)
- **population demonym**: Bidefordian
- **shire district**: Torridge
- **shire county**: Devon
- **region**: South West England
- **post town**: BIDEFORD
- **postcode district**: EX39
- **postcode area**: EX
- **dial code**: 01237
- **os grid reference**: SS4426
- **constituency westminster**: Torridge and West Devon (UK Parliament constituency), Torridge and West Devon
Tiverton

**Tiverton** is a town in Mid Devon, Devon, England. In 2001, it had a population of 18,621. It was once a centre of lace making, but this industry has now declined.

People have lived around the area since the Stone Age. There is a hillfort on a hill above the town. Roman fortifications have been found nearby.

## Other websites

- Tiverton's Homepage
- Genuki Tiverton page
- 2nd Tiverton Scouts
- Tiverton Town Council
- Tiverton Town Football Club
- Tiverton Town Youth Development The Youth section of Tiverton Town Football Club
- Tiverton Museum
- Tiverton High School
- East Devon College
- Tiverton Gazette
- Mid Devon District Council
- Tiverton on Panoramio
Persian

**Persian** might mean:

- Something related to Iran, which used to be called _Persia_ wrongfully by a small group of countries before 1935 regular Western years.
- Persian language
- Persian people
Torbay

**Torbay** is a Unitary authority in England. 120,000 people live there. It is on the south coast and has over 20 beaches. Tourism is very important to the local economy.

Torbay is not a town. Rather, it contains three towns (Torquay, Paignton and Brixham) and a few villages, the largest of which is Galmpton.

Torbay was first created as a county borough in 1967, uniting the urban districts of its three towns. In 1974 it became a borough of Devon, its surrounding county. Then in 1993 It was given unitary authority status, having the powers of both a borough and a county. In 2007 a referendum led to the adoption of a directly elected Mayor.
391

## Events

- Theodosius, the Roman Emperor, decrees that Christianity should be the only religion allowed in the Empire.
Beyond (album)

***Beyond*** is an album by the American alternative rock band Dinosaur Jr.  It was released in April 2007. It was the band's first album since 1997's _Hand it Over_. It was the first album since 1988's _Bug_ to have all of the band's original members.  The album is in the usual Dinosaur Jr style of very loud guitars with many skillful guitar solos.  The album has been successful. It is generally well thought of by music critics.

## Songs on the Album

1. "Almost Ready"
1. "Crumble"
1. "Pick Me Up"
1. "Back to Your Heart"
1. "This Is All I Can Do"
1. "Been There All the Time"
1. "It's Me"
1. "We're Not Alone"
1. "I Got Lost"
1. "Lightning Bulb"
1. "What If I knew"
Laboratory glassware

**Laboratory glassware** refers to various items which are usually made of glass and used for scientific work in chemistry and biology laboratories. Some of these items are now made of plastic which is less expensive and more convenient.

Pipettes, petri dishes, and test tubes are examples of laboratory glassware. These items are used to store materials, to measure their volume, to mix and prepare solutions, or to contain a chemical reaction.
Volta (album)

***Volta*** is a 2007 album by Icelandic rock singer Björk. She has claimed the album is about "returning to her roots". The style of the album is electronic pop. Five singles were released from it. The first single "Earth Intruders" was released April 2007. It was produced by Timbaland.

## Songs

- "Earth Intruders"
- "Wanderlust"
- "The Dull Flame of Desire"
- "Innocence"
- "I See Who You Are"
- "Vertabrae by Vertabrae "
- "Pneumonia"
- "Hope"
- "Declare Independence"
- "My Juvenile"
Mulatto

**Mulatto** is a Spanish word referring to a person who is born to one black parent and one white parent. The term may be considered offensive or rude to some, because of its origin. The term is also used to refer to a light brown color, because of a mulatto's skin color.  Many people prefer terms such as "biracial" and "of mixed race" over "mulatto".

In some cultures, such as in Cuba, there are a number of terms describing skin colour, and _none of them is taken as evaluative_. There are simply descriptive terms. And in the Spanish language the term **mulatta** would be used for females of mixed race.

There are other descriptive terms which are used in the Caribbean and Latin America, without their being regarded as racial in the pejorative sense.
Water polo

**Water polo** is a sport played in water with a ball. It has similarities to basketball and soccer, although players are in the pool. Players try to get the ball into the goal more times than the opposing team, without using goggles.

## Outline

Water polo is a team game. Two teams play a match. Each match has four periods called _quarters_. The length of each period is usually between 5 and 8 minutes. Because the amount of time spent on fouls or out throws is not counted in the quarter time, an average quarter really lasts around 12 minutes.

Each team has six field players and one goalkeeper. Water polo players need to be good at swimming and ball handing. They need good reflexes and awareness.

Players must keep floating in a game. Players may not stand on the bottom of the pool.

Water polo is played in a pool : depth is above 2 m, a vertical line is 30 m and width is 20 m.

## Positions

- Goal Keeper (2)
- Floater (1)
- Floater Back (1)
- Driver (4)

## Equipments

To play water polo, you need swimwear, caps, mouth guards, a ball and a goal.
The caps' design is unique. They are designed to protect head and ears.

## Fouls

- Putting an offensive player who does not have a ball under the water; a defensive player who does this should go outside of the field for 20 seconds
- Sinking a ball
- Grasping a carrier's swimwear
- Touching a ball with both hands
- Putting both hands up to defend from shoot

## History

The rules of **water polo** were originally developed in the mid-nineteenth century in Great Britain by William Wilson. The game originated as a form of rugby football played in rivers and lakes in England and Scotland with a ball constructed of Indian rubber, probably from the 1850s onwards.

## Famous players

- Francesco di Fulvio
- Kan Aoyagi
- Seichiro Okuda
- Yoshitaka Koike
- Gerben Zwiep (V<nowiki/>erweggistan)

## Other websites

- FINA Official Website
- Waterpolo-world
- Water Polo Planet
- Coaching Information on Water Polo
Fishstick

**Fish sticks** or **fish fingers** are a type of food probably invented in the United Kingdom. They are made of a whitefish like cod, hake, haddock, or pollock, that is battered and breaded. They are often eaten with tartar sauce, or ketchup. _Fish sticks_ are popular with children and their parent<nowiki/>s as an easy-to-prepare finger food that is somewhat healthy for kids.

## History

Fish sticks first came about as a result of the invention of the plate froster in 1929, the first quick freezer. For rapid freezing, food needed to be in slim rectangular slabs. A suitable candidate for this freezing method was fishsticks, slivers (small, thin pieces) cut from large fish and dipped in bread crumbs for frying.

In Britain in the 1950s, most of the herring catch was pickled and exported to other North European countries. To make herring more appealing on the home market, companies tried to present it in a new way, creating herring fish sticks called “herring savouries”. They were tested on the market against a bland control product of cod sticks, sold as “fish fingers.” Shoppers in Southampton and South Wales, preferred the cod. Cod fish sticks were first produced in Great Yarmouth and introduced in Britain on 26 September 1955. They became very popular after television advertising began in 1956.

## Production

On modern production lines, headless fish are processed through a machine that removes a fillet from each side of the backbone. The fillets then pass over a wheel and a blade that separates the skin from the flesh. Machine filleting leaves a few pin-like bones in the fillet, so the flesh containing the bones is cut out.

Fillets are formed into frozen blocks. A conveyor sends the blanks through batter and breadcrumbs, doubling the thickness of the fish stick. Then each is passed through a hot vegetable oil bath for about one minute to seal the coating and allow the fish stick to be grilled or fried. Then the fish stick is frozen again, with the center reaching -4 °F/-20 °C in less than 20 minutes. After packaging, it is stored at -18 °F/-28 °C, ready for distribution.

## Trivia

- Fans of the New York Rangers of the NHL often taunt their rival team and fans, the New York Islanders because in the mid-1990s, the Islanders briefly changed their uniform from their traditional logo to a more new-age logo with a fisherman that many thought resembled the one on the box of Gorton's fish sticks. Rangers fans have been known to chant "We want Fish sticks" at both _Madison Square Garden_ and the _Nassau Coliseum_ during games between the teams.

## Sources

- Readers Digest. (1990). "Fish fingers: coated cod fillets ready for frying." _How in the World?_ Pleasantville, NY: The Reader's Digest Association, Inc.
Nelly

**Cornell Iral Haynes Jr.** (born November 2, 1974) is an American rapper, singer, and actor better known by his stage name **Nelly**. He won three Grammy Awards in 2003 and nine Billboard Music Awards. Nelly's first five studio albums all reached the top three of the Billboard 200.

### Studio albums

|Year|Album|
| --- | --- |
|2000|_Country Grammar_|
|2002|_Nellyville_|
|2004|_Sweat/Suit_|
|2008|_Brass Knuckles_|
|2010|_5.0_|
|2013|_M.O._|
|2021|_Heartland_|

### Compilation albums

|Year|Album|
| --- | --- |
|2005|_Sweatsuit_|
|2009|_The Best of Nelly_|

### Remix albums

|Year|Album|
| --- | --- |
|2003|_Da Derrty Versions: The Reinvention_|

### EPs

|Year|Album|
| --- | --- |
|2008|_6 Derrty Hits_|
|2010|_6 Pack_|

### Singles

|Year|Album|
| --- | --- |
|2000|"Country Grammar"|
|2000|"E.I."|
|2001|"Ride wit Me"|
|2001|"Batter Up"|
|2001|"#1"|
|2002|"Hot in Herre"|
|2002|"Dilemma"|
|2002|"Air Force Ones"|
|2003|"Work It"|
|2003|"Pimp Juice"/"Shake Ya Tailfeather"|
|2003|"Iz U"|
|2004|"Flap Your Wings"|
|2004|"My Place"|
|2004|"Tilt Ya Head Back"|
|2004|"Over and Over"|
|2005|"Na-NaNa-Na"|
|2005|"'N' Dey Say"|
|2005|"Errtime"|
|2005|"Grillz"|
|2007|"Wadsyaname"|
|2008|"Party People"|
|2008|"Body on Me"|
|2008|"Stepped on My J'z"|
|2008|"Warrior"|
|2008|"One and Only"|
|2010|"Just a Dream"|
|2010|"Move That Body"|
|2011|"Gone"|
|2013|"Hey Porsche"|
|2020|"Lil Bit"|

## Filmography

|Year|Movie|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2001|_Snipes_|Prolifk|Lead role||
|2005|_The Longest Yard_|Earl Megget|Supporting role Also sang on the soundtrack||
|2014|_Reach Me_|E-Ruption|Supporting role||

|Year|Film|Role|class="unsortable"|Notes|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2008–2009|_CSI: NY_|Terrence Davis|4 episodes||
|2011|_90210_|Himself|Cameo appearance; Episode: "Revenge with the Nerd"||
|2011–13|_T.I. and Tiny: The Family Hustle_|Himself|Cameo appearance; Season 1, episode 3 "America's Sweetheart" Cameo appearance; Season 2, episodes 2 "Birthday Bash", 4 "Bitter Sweet 16", 6 "Who's the Boss?"||
|2012|_The Next: Fame Is at Your Doorstep_|Himself|Reality television||
|2013–16|_Real Husbands of Hollywood_|Himself|Recurring role, 39 episodes||
|2014–15|_Nellyville_|Himself|Reality television||
|2017–present|_The Platinum Life_|Himself|Reality television||
|2020|_Dancing with the Stars_|Himself|Contestant||

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **origin**: St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nelly
- **image**: Nelly crop.jpg
- **caption**: Nelly in 2007
- **birth name**: Cornell Iral Haynes Jr.
- **education**: University City High School (Missouri), University City High School
- **birth place**: Austin, Texas, U.S.
- **years active**: 1993–present
- **children**: 5
- **awards**: List of awards and nominations received by Nelly, Full list
Boy band

A **boy band** is a type of musical group with three or more young male singers. Usually, the singers are able to perform as dancers as well. Most singers in boy bands do not play musical instruments. Boy bands usually perform pop or R&B music.

## Best-selling boy bands

Despite negative critical reception, boy bands continue to be generally successful, with some notable ones managing to sell tens of millions of records, placing them among the world's best selling music artists. The best-selling boy bands based on sales figures are:

### Total sales

|Name|Nationality|Claimed sales|Years active|Genre||||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align="left"|_BIGBANG_|align="center"|South Korea|align="center"|150 Millions|align="center"|2006 - present|align="center"|K-Pop|
|align="left"|_Backstreet Boys_|align="center"|United States|align="center"|130 Millions|align="center"|1993–present (24 years)|align="center"|Pop|
|align="left"|_The Jackson 5_|align="center"|United States|align="center"|100 Millions|align="center"|1964–1990, 2001, 2012–2013 (29 years)|align="center"|Pop/R&B|
|align="left"|_New Kids on the Block_|align="center"|United States|align="center"|80 Millions|align="center"|1984–1994, 2008–present (19 years)|align="center"|Pop|
|align="left"|_The Osmonds_|align="center"|United States|align="center"|77 Millions|align="center"|1958–1980 (22 years)|align="center"|Pop|

## Examples

- _For a full list, see :Category:Boy bands_
Some of the most popular boy bands include the following:

- Big Bang (band) (2000s–present)
- The Jackson 5 (1960s–80s)
- The Monkees (1960s-present)
- The Temptations (1960s–present)
- One Direction (2010s)
- 'N Sync (1990s–2000s)
- Backstreet Boys (1990s–present)
- O-Town (2000s–present)
- Westlife (1990s–present)
- Jonas Brothers (2000s–present)
- Blue (2000s–present)
- 98 Degrees (1990s–present)
- A1 (1990s–present)
- New Edition (1980s–present)
- New Kids on the Block (1980s–present)
- BTS (2010s - present)

## Related pages

- Girl group
Solo (music)

In musical performance, a **solo** is a piece or a section of a piece that is played or sung by a single performer. This performer is called a _soloist_. A soloist can be a singer or an instrumentalist.

Solos are common in classical music and jazz. In popular music, a _solo_ is an improvised melody played by a single performer, such as a guitar solo. In the country music genre a solo is known as a _ride_.

## Related pages

- Concerto
- Virtuoso
Antarctic krill

**Antarctic krill** (_Euphausia superba_) is a species of krill that lives in the Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean. They are shrimp-like and belong to the invertebrates.

They live in large groups, called swarms. Sometimes these swarms have a density of 10,000–30,000 individual animals per cubic meter.

They feed directly on very small phytoplankton, so they can use the energy that the phytoplankton originally got from the sun in order to sustain their life in the open ocean. They grow to a length of 6 cm, weigh up to 2 g, and can live for up to six years. They are a key species in the Antarctic ecosystem and are, in terms of biomass, probably the most successful animal species on the planet (approximately 500 million tonnes).

In aquaria, krill have been observed to eat each other.

## References

<div class="references-small">

</div>

## Further reading

<div class="references-small">
- Hempel, G.: _The krill-dominated pelagic system of the Southern Ocean_. Envir. Inter. 13, pp. 33 – 36; 1987.
- Hempel, G.: _Life in the Antarctic sea ice zone_. Polar Record **27**(162); pp. 249 – 253; 1991
- Hempel, G.; Sherman, K.: _Large marine ecosystems of the world: trends in exploitation, protection, and research_. Elsevier, Amsterdam: Large marine ecosystems 12, 423 pp; 2003
- Nicol, S. & de la Mare, W. K. Ecosystem management and the Antarctic krill. American Scientist 81 (No. 1), pp. 36–47. Biol 9:129–135; 1993.
- Nicol, S.; Foster, J.: _Recent trends in the fishery for Antarctic krill _, Aquat. Living Resour. **16**, pp. 42 – 45; 2003.
- Sahrhage, D.: _Antarctic Krill Fisheries: Potential Resources and Ecological Concerns._ In Caddy, J. F. (ed.): _Marine Invertebrate Fisheries; their assessment and management_; pp. 13 – 33. Wiley, 1989.
- Ikeda, T. (1984) The influence of feeding on the metabolic activity of Antarctic krill (_Euphausia superba_ Dana). Polar Biology 3(1)
- Clarke, A. (1983) Towards an energy budget for krill: The physiology and biochemistry of _Euphausia superba_ Dana. Polar Biology 2(2)
</div>

## Other websites

- _Euphausia superba_  from _MarineBio_.
- "Virtual microscope"  of Antarctic krill for an interactive tour of their morphology and behavior, along with other peer-reviewed information.
- "Krill fights for survival as sea ice melts" from the NASA's "Earth Observatory".
- "Antarctic Wildlife at Risk From Overfishing, Experts Say", from _National Geographic_ News, August 5 2003.
- Diary  of the _RRS_ _James Clark Ross_, giving a popular introduction to the Antarctic krill.
- "Less krill for predators in the Southern Ocean"  from the _British Antarctic Survey_. See also "Climate row touches blue whales", from the BBC, July 19 2001.
- A time to krill
- Extensive bibliography.
- Krill Count Project
- WIKIversity Lecture "Biology of Antarctica"
Cubic metre

The **cubic metre** (symbol **m³**) is the SI unit of volume. It is a cube with a length, height, and width of one metre, with 1,000 litres of space.

In the many places it is spelled "**cubic meter**". Other names are **stère** and **kilolitre** or **kiloliter**.

## Conversions

1 cubic metre equals:
- 1,000 litres
- Approximately 35.3 cubic feet
- Approximately 1.31 cubic yards
- Approximately 6.29 oil barrels

A cubic metre of pure water at the temperature of maximum density (3.98 °C) and standard atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa) has a mass of 1000 kg, or one tonne. At 0 °C, the freezing point of water, it is slightly less, 999.972 kg.

It is sometimes abbreviated ***', ***', ***', ***', ****, when superscript characters or markup are not available/accessible (i.e. in some typewritten documents and postings in Usenet newsgroups).

Abbreviated **CBM** in the freight business and **MTQ** (or numeric code 49) in international trade.

### Multiples

- Cubic decametre
- the volume of a cube of side length one decametre (10 m)
- equal to a megalitre
- 1 dam<sup>3</sup> = 1,000 m<sup>3</sup> = 1 ML

- Cubic hectometre
- the volume of a cube of side length one hectometre (100 m)
- equal to a gigalitre
- 1 hm<sup>3</sup> = 1,000,000 m<sup>3</sup> = 1 GL

- Cubic kilometre
- the volume of a cube of side length one kilometre (1,000 m)
- equal to a teralitre
- 1 km<sup>3</sup> = 1,000,000,000 m<sup>3</sup> = 1 TL

### Submultiples

- Cubic decimetre
- the volume of a cube of side length one decimetre (0.1 m)
- equal to a litre
- 1 dm<sup>3</sup> = 0.001 m<sup>3</sup> = 1 L

- Cubic centimetre
- the volume of a cube of side length one centimetre (0.01 m)
- equal to a millilitre
- 1 cm<sup>3</sup> = 0.000001 m<sup>3</sup> = 10<sup>-6</sup> m<sup>3</sup> = 1 mL

- Cubic millimetre
- the volume of a cube of side length one millimetre (0.001 m)
- equal to a microlitre
- 1 mm<sup>3</sup> = 0.000000001 m<sup>3</sup> = 10<sup>-9</sup> m<sup>3</sup> = 1 µL
Food and Agriculture Organization

The **Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations** (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger established on 16 October 1945.

It serves both developed and developing countries and acts as a neutral form where all nations meet as equals. FAO is also a source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries and countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all.

### Regional offices

- Regional Office for Africa in Accra, Ghana
- Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean  in Santiago, Chile
- Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific  in Bangkok, Thailand
- Regional Office for the Near East in Cairo, Egypt
- Regional Office for Europe at FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy

### Subregional offices

- Subregional Office for Southern and East Africa  in Harare, Zimbabwe
- Subregional Office for the Pacific Islands  in Apia, Samoa
- Subregional Office for Central and Eastern Europe in Budapest, Hungary
- Subregional Office for the Caribbean  in Bridgetown, Barbados
- Subregional Office For North Africa  in Tunis, Tunisia

### Liaison offices

- Liaison Office with the United Nations in Geneva
- Liaison Office for North America in Washington D.C.
- Liaison Office with the United Nations in New York
- Liaison Office with Japan in Yokohama
- Liaison Office with the European Union and Belgium in Brussels

## Related pages

- World Food Programme

## Other websites

- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
    - Fact sheets / features / press releases
    - FAO Statistics Division
    - FAOSTAT website
    - TeleFood
    - World Food Day
    - Avian Flu
Colorimeter

A **colorimeter** is a device used for measuring colours, or colorimetry. It measures the absorbance of different wavelengths of light in a solution. It can be used to measure the concentration of a known solute.

Different chemical substances absorb different wavelengths of light. When the concentration of the solute is higher, it absorbs more light in a specific wavelength. This is known as the Beer-Lambert law.

## Different parts

The most important parts of a colorimeter are:
- a light source, which is usually an ordinary filament lamp
- an aperture, which can be adjusted
- a set of filters in different colors
- a detector that measures the light which has passed through the solution

### Filters

Different filters are used to select the wavelength of light which the solution absorbs the most. This makes the colorimeter more accurate. Solutions are usually placed in glass or plastic cuvettes. The usual wavelengths used are between 400 and 700 nanometers. If it is necessary to use ultraviolet light (below 400 nanometers) then the lamp and filters must be changed.

## Output

The output of the colorimeter may be shown in graphs or tables, by an analogue or digital meter. The data may be printed on paper, or stored in a computer. The output may be shown as transmittance (a linear scale from 0-100%) or as absorbance (a logarithmic scale from zero to infinity). The useful range of the absorbance scale is from 0-2 but it is desirable to keep within the range 0-1 because, above 1, the results become unreliable due to scattering of light. A Transmittance-Absorbance conversion table may be seen here.http://www.finarchemicals.com/pdf/transmittance-absorbance-conversion.pdf
Valletta

**Valletta** is the capital city of Malta. It was founded by Jean Parisot de la Valette, the Grandmaster of the Order of Saint John on March 28, 1566. The city's population is 6,315 (in 2005) and it is currently decreasing as people move to the UK, Italy, or the newer areas of Malta.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Il-Belt Valletta
- **official name**: Humilissima Civitas Valletta
- **other name**: Ċittà Umilissima
- **nickname**: Il-Belt
- **settlement type**: City and Local councils of Malta, Local council
- **motto**: Città Umilissima
- **image skyline**: The Dome of the Carmelite Church in Valletta, Malta.jpg
- **imagesize**: 280px
- **image caption**: Valletta skyline
- **image flag**: Flag of Valletta, Malta.svg
- **image shield**: Insigne Valettae coronatum.svg
- **image map**: Valletta-map.svg
- **map caption**: Location within Malta
- **pushpin label position**: none
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Malta
- **subdivision type1**: Island
- **subdivision name1**: Malta (island), Malta
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Malta, District
- **parts type**: Borders
- **parts style**: para
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Alexiei Dingli
- **leader party**: Partit Nazzjonalista, PN
- **area total km2**: 0.8
- **elevation m**: 56
- **population as of**: December 2008
- **population total**: 6098
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population demonym**: Belti (m), Beltija (f), Beltin (pl)
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: MaltaPost#Postal codes, Postal code
- **postal code**: VLT
- **area code type**: List of country calling codes, Dialing code
- **area code**: 356
- **blank name**: Patron Saints
- **blank info**: Saint Dominic, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul, Saint Augustine
- **blank1 name**: Culture of Malta#Festas, Feast Days
- **blank1 info**: August 3 & February 10
Basketball Bundesliga

The **Basketball Bundesliga** (**BBL**) is the highest level of basketball competition in Germany. The BBL determines the national champion.

## Teams

|Team|City/Area|
| --- | --- |
|Brose Baskets|Bamberg|
|ALBA Berlin|Berlin|
|Telekom Baskets Bonn|Bonn|
|New Yorker Phantoms Braunschweig|Braunschweig|
|Eisbären Bremerhaven|Bremerhaven|
|Deutsche Bank Skyliners|Frankfurt am Main|
|Giessen 46ers|Gießen|
|BG 74 Göttingen|Göttingen|
|POM baskets Jena|Jena|
|RheinEnergie Köln|Cologne|
|Bayer Giants Leverkusen|Leverkusen|
|EnBW Ludwigsburg|Ludwigsburg|
|EWE Baskets Oldenburg|Oldenburg|
|Paderborn Baskets|Paderborn|
|Artland Dragons|Quakenbrück|
|TBB Trier|Trier|
|WALTER TIGERS Tübingen|Tübingen|
|Ratiopharm Ulm|Ulm|

## Champions since 1939

- 2008: Alba Berlin
- 2007: Brose Baskets Bamberg
- 2006: RheinEnergie Cologne
- 2005: GHP Bamberg
- 2004: OPEL Skyliners Frankfurt am Main
- 2003: Alba Berlin
- 2002: Alba Berlin
- 2001: Alba Berlin
- 2000: Alba Berlin
- 1999: Alba Berlin
- 1998: Alba Berlin
- 1997: Alba Berlin
- 1996: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1995: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1994: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1993: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1992: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1991: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1990: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1989: BG Steiner Bayreuth
- 1988: BSC Saturn Köln
- 1987: BSC Saturn Köln
- 1986: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1985: TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen
- 1984: ASC Göttingen
- 1983: ASC Göttingen
- 1982: BSC Saturn Köln
- 1981: BSC Saturn Köln
- 1980: SSC Göttingen
- 1979: TuS 04 Leverkusen
- 1978: MTV 1846 Gießen
- 1977: USC Heidelberg

- 1976: TuS 04 Leverkusen
- 1975: MTV 1846 Gießen
- 1974: SSV Hagen
- 1973: USC Heidelberg
- 1972: TuS 04 Leverkusen
- 1971: TuS 04 Leverkusen
- 1970: TuS 04 Leverkusen
- 1969: VfL Osnabrück
- 1968: MTV 1846 Gießen
- 1967: MTV 1846 Gießen
- 1966: USC Heidelberg
- 1965: MTV 1846 Gießen
- 1964: Alemannia Aachen
- 1963: Alemannia Aachen
- 1962: USC Heidelberg
- 1961: USC Heidelberg
- 1960: USC Heidelberg
- 1959: USC Heidelberg
- 1958: USC Heidelberg
- 1957: USC Heidelberg
- 1956: ATV Düsseldorf
- 1955: FC Bayern München
- 1954: FC Bayern München
- 1953: Turnerbund Heidelberg
- 1952: Turnerbund Heidelberg
- 1951: Turnerbund Heidelberg
- 1950: BC Stuttgart-Degerloch
- 1949: MTSV Schwabing
- 1948: Turnerbund Heidelberg
- 1947: MTSV Schwabing
- 1939: LSV Spandau

## Other websites

- Basketball Bundesliga
Butterfield, Missouri

**Butterfield, Missouri** is a village in Missouri, United States.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.1 km² (0.4 mi²), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2020, there were 378 people living in the city, organized into 135 households.  This is a population loss of 92 persons, or 19.6%, when compared to the 2010 census.  The median age is 34.5 years for all persons (34.7 for females, 34.2 for males).

Of the total population, 11.1% are at least 65 years old, 25.9% are under the age of 18, with the remaining 63.0% of the population being from 18 to 64.  Males comprise 48.9% and females make up 51.1% of the total population.  Whites (non-Latino) make up 63.5% of the total population, Hispanics or Latinos make up 28.8%, Asians make up 2.1%, and Native Americans represent 1.1% of the population.  4.5% of the population identifies itself as _Two or more races_, non-Latino.

Of the total 135 households, 92 are considered _Family households_, and 53 have children under 18.  The average household size is 2.80 persons. There are 152 total housing units, of which the 135 are households, for an occupancy rate of 88.8%.  Of these households, 72.6% are owner-occupied, while 27.4% are renters.

As of 2022, the median (middle) income for a household in the city was about $52,375, and the median income for a family was $57,500. The per capita income for the city was $18,774.  15.3% of families and 13.5% of the population are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 8.6% of those under the age of 18 and 16.3% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.