juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Änne Kuhlmann

**Änne Kuhlmann** (born  1900s) was a German athletics competitor during the early 1920s, during the earliest era of women's athletics in Germany. She was a member of SC Preußen Münster and was specialized in the high jump and also competed in the long jump. She had international successes and was national champion.

## Biography

During the early 1920s Germany (as a national team) didn't compete yet at the international women's athletics competitions that existed. At the earliest international club-organized women's competitions representing German region Westphalia, Kuhlmann had successes in 1923 and 1924. In 1923 she won at the 1923 Twente–Westphalia athletics competition in Enschede, the Netherlands the high jump event with a height of 1.35 metres, ahead of the Dutch Joosten. She also competed in the long jump and finished fourth. The following year at the 1924 Westphalia–Twente athletics competition in Münster she finished second in the high jump, with the same height of 1.30 metres as Joosten.

Kuhlmann became at the German Athletics Championships national champion in 1922 in the high jump with a height of 1.39 metres. In 1923 she won the bronze medal behind Anni Müller and Leni Junker.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Änne Kuhlmann
- **birth date**: 1900s
- **sport**: Track and field athletics
- **event**: high jump, long jump
- **club**: SC Preußen Münster
- **show-medals**: yes
Ángel María Garibay Kintana

Fray **Ángel María Garibay Kintana** (18 June 1892 – 19 October 1967) was a Mexican Roman Catholic priest, philologist, linguist, historian, and scholar of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, specifically of the Nahua peoples of the central Mexican highlands.

## Works

- 1937. La poesía lírica azteca. Mexico City: Bajo el signo de ábside, 1937.
- 1940.  Poesía indígena de la altiplanicie. Mexico City: UNAM.
- 1958. Veinte himnos sacros de los nahuas. Los recogió de los nativos Fr. Bernardino de Sahagun, franciscano, México, UNAM, Instituto de Historia: Seminario de Cultura Náhuatl.
- 1961. Llave del náhuatl: colección de trozos clásicos, con gramática y vocabulario, para utilidad de los principiantes. Editorial Porrúa.
- 1963. Panorama literario de los pueblos nahuas. No. 22. Editorial Porrúa.
- 1964. La literatura de los aztecas. México: J. Mortiz.
- 1965. Poesía náhuatl. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Historia, Seminario de Cultura Náhuatl.
- 1967. "Códice Carolino": manuscrito anónimo del siglo XVI en forma de adiciones a la primera edición del" Vocabulario de Molina." _Estudios de cultura náhuatl_ 7 (1967): 88.
- 1987. Historia de la literatura nahuatl: Primera parte: Étapa autónoma: de c. 1430 a 1521;[2]: Segunda parte: El Trauma de la conquista: 1521-1750. Porrúa, 1987.
- 1993. Poesía náhuatl. 3 vols. Mexico City: UNAM.
- 1997. Panorama literario de los pueblos nahuas. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa.
Gabriel Alves Nunes

**Gabriel Alves Nunes Gomes** (born July 12, 2001) is a Brazilian actor. He was born and raised in Rocinha, one of Brazil's largest favelas. Gomes started his online journey in 2017, making content about travel, fashion, and lifestyle. He is known for producing content for video platforms like YouTube, Instagram, and Tiktok.

## Early life and Career

Gabriel shares travel tips, experiences from his daily life, and fashion choices. He has also used his platform to talk about overcoming challenges, which resonates with many of his followers. He has appeared on podcasts and interviews, where he discusses his journey and offers inspiration to others.

In addition to his own content, Gabriel collaborates with other influencers and celebrities. His influence continues to grow as he connects with a broader audience, showing that social media can be a powerful tool for success.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Gabriel  Alves
- **image**: Gabriel Alves Nunes.jpg
- **birth name**: Gabriel Alves Nunes Gomes
- **birth place**: Rocinha
- **nationality**: Brazilian
Oleksandr Dmytrovych Chetverikov

**Oleksandr Dmytrovych Chetverikov** (July 30 1992, city of Novomoskovsk, now Samar — May 15 2023, Bakhmut direction, Donetsk Oblast) — a Ukrainian military personnel, junior lieutenant of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, a participant in the Russo-Ukrainian War. Recipient of the Order of "For Courage" III class (2022).

## Biography

Oleksandr Chetverikov was born on July 30 1992 in the city of Novomoskovsk (now Samar, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast).

He has been on the frontlines since 2014, participating in the ATO.

After the start of the large-scale Russian invasion, he returned to the front. He served as a tank platoon commander of a fire support company. He died on May 15, 2023, in the Bakhmut direction in Donetsk region.

He was buried in his hometown.

He is survived by his parents and brother.

## Awards

Order of "For Courage" III class (August 12, 2022) — _for personal courage and selfless actions shown in the defense of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, and loyalty to the military oath_;

President of Ukraine's award "For Participation in the Anti-Terrorist Operation".

## Military Ranks

- junior lieutenant;

- sergeant.
Yun Song-mi

**Yun Song-mi** (; born 28 January 1992) is a North Korean football defender. She played for the North Korea women's national football team and at club level for Pyongyang City. She represented North Korea at among other the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and 2012 Summer Olympics. At the 2012 Olympic qualification tournament she scored an important goal during the decisive match against Thailand for qualification for the Games.

She won with the national team the gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games.

## International goals

|No.|Date|Venue|Opponent|Score|Result|Competition|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1.|11 September 2011|Jinan Olympic Sports Center, Jinan, China||**2**–0|5–0|2012 Summer Olympics qualification|

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Yun Song-mi
- **birth place**: North Korea
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **years1**: 2012
- **clubs1**: Pyongyang City
- **nationalyears1**: 2012
- **nationalteam1**: North Korea women's national football team, North Korea
- **nationalcaps1**: 20
- **nationalgoals1**: 2
Mary Wells

**Mary Esther Wells** (May 13, 1943 – July 26, 1992) was an American singer-songwriter. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. Wells was known for a number of songs. The songs include "My Guy" (1964) and "The One Who Really Loves You." She sang with The Supremes, Martha Reeves and many others in the music business.

There was one song for which Wells was nominated for Grammy Awards.

Wells died in Los Angeles, California following a diagnosis of larynx cancer two years before. She died at age 49. The cancer might have been caused by heavy smoking.
Attack on Erez crossing

During the 7 October 2023 attack on Israel, Hamas's military wing the Qassam Brigades took control of the Erez Crossing, causing hundreds of Palestinian civilians to make their way to the crossing. The attack caused damage to the facilities at the crossing, and the Erez Crossing stayed closed during the Israel–Hamas war that followed until 1 May 2024, when it was reopened for aid transports  heading into the Gaza Strip.

## Related pages

- Israel–Hamas war
- 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel
Lunchly

**Lunchly** are snack kits created and sold by **Lunchly LLC**. The brand is promoted and founded by YouTubers Olajide "KSI" Olatunji, Logan Paul, and Jimmy "MrBeast" Donaldson. It is marketed as a healthier alternative to Kraft Heinz's Lunchables, and is positioned as a more expensive competitor. The product line was announced on September 16, 2024.

Each box includes Prime and Feastables, preexisting popular products offered by the creators, along with three versions including turkey with cheese and crackers, nachos with salsa and cheese, or pizza.

## Health concern

YouTuber Rosanna Pansino reviewed Lunchly in October 2024, she found mold growing on the cheese in a packet of "The Pizza" style. After this, social media users claimed they found mold in their Lunchly packages. The Food and Drug Administration had got over ten complaints about Lunchly, one consumer reported they had an illness linked to the product.

## Infobox (brand)

- **name**: Lunchly
- **logo**:
- **image**: Lunchly Fiesta Nachos.jpg
- **caption**: Lunchly "Fiesta Nachos"; nachos, nacho chips with queso blanco and Salsa (sauce), salsa
- **producttype**: Snack
- **currentowner**: Lunchly LLC
- **producedby**: MrBeast, Logan Paul, KSI
- **related**: Prime (drink), Prime, Feastables
- **trademarkregistrations**: United States; May 16, 2024
- **ambassadors**: KSI
Logan Paul
MrBeast
Piłsudskiite

A **Piłsudskiite** () was a political supporter of Marshal Józef Piłsudski, the founder of the WWI Polish Legions and the first Chief of State of the Second Polish Republic. The Piłsudskiites had a major influence on the politics of Poland during the interwar period from 1918 to 1939. Piłsudski was highly influential, never dropped out of public life, remained active in Polish politics and exercised considerable influence until his death in May 1935. His special position was highlighted by the position of the General Inspector of the Armed Forces, which was created specifically for him and was responsible not to the _Sejm_ (Polish Parliament) but only to the President.

In May 1926, Piłsudskiite forces conducted the May Coup, deposed the legally-elected government and installed their own. The _Sanacja_ ("Sanation") political camp was formed, and Piłsudski's power grew. The _Sanacja_ began to strengthen its own power and to curb the activities of opposition political parties. Many parties then became Piłsudskiite to get closer to power and stay safe from potential problems.

When Piłsudski died in May 1935, the _Sanacja_ lost its leader. The political situation in Poland became radicalised, and the pressure of opposition camps on the ruling _Sanacja_ became stronger. To unite the Piłsudskiites and hold on to power, the leading Piłsudskiite politicians formed the Camp of National Unity. To gain voters from the opposition party National Democracy, the Camp of National Unity radicalised its program and even took some issues from the opposition camp such as becoming more nationalist. Still, it advocated Piłsudski's points of view and followed his political heritage.

## Related pages

- Poland
- Sanation
- Józef Piłsudski
- Second Polish Republic
Peter Lupus

**Peter Nash Lupus Jr.** (born June 17, 1932) is an American bodybuilder and actor. He is best known for his role as Willy Armitage on the television series _Mission: Impossible_ (1966–1973).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Lupus
- **image**: Peter Lupus 1967.jpg
- **caption**: Lupus in _Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series), Mission: Impossible_ (1967)
- **birth name**: Peter Nash Lupus Jr.
- **birth place**: Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
- **othername**: Rock Stevens
- **children**: 1
Mission: Impossible

*****Mission: Impossible***** is a multimedia franchise.

**Mission: Impossible** may also refer to

### Television

- _Mission: Impossible_ (1966 TV series), a 1966–1973 US television series
- _Mission: Impossible_ (1988 TV series), the 1988–1990 revival
- "Mission Impossible" (_My Hero_), a TV sitcom episode

### Movies

- _Mission: Impossible_ (movie series), a series of movies based upon the television series
    - _Mission: Impossible_ (movie), 1996, first movie in the series

### Video games

- _Mission: Impossible_ (1990 video game), a 1990 video game on the 1980s TV series
- _Mission: Impossible_ (1998 video game), a 1998 video game based on the 1996 movie
- _Mission: Impossible_ (2000 video game), a 2000 video game based on the movie series

### Music

- _Mission: Impossible_ (soundtrack), the soundtrack to the 1996 movie

## Other

- _Mission Impossible_ (JTQ album), a 1987 album by James Taylor Quartet

## Related pages

- Mission: Incredible (disambiguation)
- "Missionary: Impossible", a 2000 episode of _The Simpsons_
Adelphobates castaneoticus

The **Brazil-nut poison frog**  (_Adelphobates castaneoticus_) is a frog.  It lives in Colombia.

## Body

This is one of the smallest poison frogs.  The adult frog is 18-23 mm long from nose to rear end. The female frog is bigger than the male frog. The skin of the frog's back is black in color with white or yellow spots or marks. There are bright orange or yellow spots where the legs meet the body Scientists think this color confuses animals that want to eat the frog.

## Name

Scientists named this frog "Brazil-nut poison frog" because the tadpoles swim in empty skins from Brazil nuts. First the Brazil nut falls off the tree. Then another animal, for example an agouti, eats the nut. Then rain falls and the skin is full of water.  Then insects and frogs and toads put their young in the water. Any of the tadpoles can eat the insects or other tadpoles.

## Home

Scientists see this frog on the dead leaves on the ground in tropical rainforests where liana plants and Brazil nut trees grow.

Many of the places this frog lives are protected parks, for example Floresta Nacional de Altamira, Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Parque Estadual Cristalino II, Parque Nacional da Serra do Pardo, and Reserva Extrativista Riozinho do Anfrisio.

## Food

This frog eats insects and other animals with their bones on the outside. It eats ants and termites.

## Young

The female frog lays eggs on the ground. She can lay as many as 12 eggs at a time but usually 2-6 eggs.  After the eggs hatch, the male frog carries the tadpoles to water, for example water in pools, in bromeliad plants, or in the shells of Brazil nuts or palm plants. The tadpoles try to eat any other animal or plant they find in the water. The young frogs become adults 5-7 months later.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out. But people cut down the forests where it lives to make farms and to get wood to build with. Fires also burn forests.
Racism in Poland

**Racism in Poland** has been a subject of research, especially in the field of modern history, for the past three decades. Ethnic minorities had formed a sizeable proportion of Poland's population ‒ from the early Polish state to the Second Polish Republic ‒ until the Holocaust happened. After World War II, Polish government statistics found that 94% of the population identified as Polish.
Thrive

**Thrive** is an free and open-source evolution simulation video game for Windows and Linux. The development of the game first started in 2009 and in 2016, it was released as an early access title via Steam and itch.io. The game is inspired by the 2008 video game Spore but goes for a much more scientifically-accurate approach.

## Gameplay

Similar to Spore, it is a game about controlling the evolution of a species, through 7 stages of evolution. Currently, Unicellular Stage is the only playable stage, which just like Spore is also played through a 2D tidepool-like space. The player can evolve by mutating new organelles and functions.

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Revolutionary Games Studio
- **publisher**: Revolutionary Games Studio
- **engine**: Godot
- **genre**: Life simulation game, Life simulation
- **modes**: single-player video game, Single-player
Nicktoons: Freeze Frame Frenzy

***Nicktoons: Freeze Frame Frenzy*** (also known as ***SpongeBob SquarePants and Friends in Freeze Frame Frenzy*** in PAL regions) is a photography video game for the Game Boy Advance. The game was released for the Game Boy Advance in 2004. The is similar to another game called _Gekibo: Gekisha Boy_, a game about a photographer with cartoony graphics. A version of the cancelled PlayStation 2 port entitled "_Nicktoons: Snap Shot"_ was discovered in 2021, over a decade later. Also to this, an OpenBor version with many more playable characters was planned along with a 2021 port-release, but the former and latter ports were cancelled. Unlike other versions, the OpenBor port has fighting moves in which the characters can use for their combat tests in the game.

## Story

Characters from the Nickelodeon TV shows have been misplaced into each other's worlds. Jimmy Neutron's job is to fix the problem. He sends out Danny Phantom, Arnold Shortman, SpongeBob SquarePants, Tommy Pickles, Otto Rocket, and Timmy Turner to take photos of the misplaced characters with his new invention, the "Neutrino-Cam 4000", a camera that also works like a teleporter which will send them back to their own worlds.

Once the  game is complete, it is revealed that Zim is the culprit behind this whole mess. Jimmy flies off in his rocket to Zim's ship and stops the Irken's scheme. After taking a group photo, Zim works on his new plan to take over the world. (He eventually redeems himself in other games.)

## Gameplay

The player gets points for taking pictures of people and things from other Nickelodeon Universes - not the universe that the current level takes place in. The camera is capable of breaking and the player loses leves when they don't reach the required amount of points.

At the end of each world, the player will face an evil robot boss resembling another Nickelodeon character. In order to defeat the boss, the player will need to take photos of it multiple times. During the boss battles, the bosses will throw metal bolts. Before each boss battle, the player's character will have a conversation that is different based on which character the player is using. The conversation gets longer if the player is controlling a character from the same show as the character that the robot is based on.

## Reception

The game has received mixed to average reviews.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Nicktoons: Freeze Frame Frenzy
- **developer**: Altron
- **publisher**: THQ
- **director**: Yusuke Sato
- **producer**: Yusuke Sato
- **programmer**: Masahiro Horiguchi
Yoshio Umemoto
- **artist**: Yusuke Sato
Yuhei Fujita
Yotaro Doi
Hidekazu Komori
Marika Tanimoto
- **composer**: Tomoyoshi Sato
- **modes**: Single-player
- **platforms**: Game Boy Advance
- **genre**: Photography
Hashem Safieddine

**Hashem Safieddine** (born **Hashim Safi Aldiyn**; 1964 – 3 October 2024) was a Lebanese Shia cleric who was the head of Hezbollah's Executive Council from 2001 until his assassination in 2024. He is a cousin of Hassan Nasrallah. He was seen as the "number two" in Hezbollah before Nasrallah's assassination on 27 September 2024.

On 3 October 2024, Safieddine was targeted by an Israeli airstrike in Beirut. On 5 October, it was reported that Hezbollah had lost contact with Safieddine since the airstrike. On 8 October, the Israeli government said that Safieddine was likely "eliminated".

On 22 October 2024, the IDF confirmed his death, stating that his body had been found.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Hashem Safieddine
- **native name lang**: ar
- **image**: Hachem Safieddine 2020 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Safieddine in 2020
- **office**: Head of Hezbollah's Executive Council
- **birth place**: Deir Qanoun En Nahr, Lebanon
- **death place**: Dahieh, Lebanon
- **death cause**: Assassination by airstrike
- **party**: Hezbollah
- **spouse**: Raeda Faqih
Fernando Valenzuela

**Fernando Valenzuela Anguamea** (November 1, 1960 – October 22, 2024) was a Mexican-American professional baseball pitcher. Valenzuela played 17 Major League Baseball (MLB) seasons, from 1980 to 1991 and 1993 to 1997. In 1981, Valenzuela became extremely popular and his popularity became known as "Fernandomania". He was honored into the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame in 2014.

Valenzuela was known for playing with the Los Angeles Dodgers from 1980 to 1990. He later played for the California Angels in 1991 before retiring for two years. In 1993, Valenzuela started to play with the Baltimore Orioles. He also played for the Philadelphia Phillies, San Diego Padres and St. Louis Cardinals during 1994 to 1997.

In 2003, he returned to the Dodgers as a broadcaster. Valenzuela purchased the Mexican League team Tigres de Quintana Roo in 2017.

Valenzuela was born in Etchohuaquila, Sonora, Mexico. He became an United States citizen in 2015. In 1981, he married Linda Burgos. They had four children.

On October 1, 2024, it was reported that Valenzuela had been hospitalized for liver cancer-related treatment in Los Angeles, California. He died three weeks later while hospitalized on October 22 at the age of 63.

## Other websites

- Fernando Valenzuela at Baseball Almanac
- Fernando Valenzuela at Baseballbiography.com
Jack Alabaster

**John Chaloner Alabaster** (11 July 1930 – 9 April 2024) was a New Zealand cricketer who was born in Invercargill. He was a right arm leg break and googly bowler who batted right-handed. Alabaster played in first-class cricket for Otago from 1956/57 until 1971/72. In international cricket, he played for New Zealand in 21 Test matches from 1955 to 1972.

Alabaster's final Test in March 1972 was against the West Indies at the Queen's Park Oval in Port of Spain. The match ended in a draw. Alabaster bowled in both of the West Indies innings. In the first, his figures were 0/49. In the second innings, he took 1/5 from only four overs, and the last wicket he took in Test cricket was that of Gary Sobers, bowled for 9.

Jack Alabaster died in Cromwell, Otago, aged 93.

## Infobox (cricketer)

- **name**: Jack Alabaster
- **country**: New Zealand
- **fullname**: John Chaloner Alabaster
- **birth place**: Invercargill
- **death place**: Cromwell, Central Otago
- **batting**: Right-handed
- **bowling**: Leg break and googly
- **role**: Bowler
- **club1**: Otago men's cricket team, Otago
- **international**: true
- **internationalspan**: 1955–1972
- **testdebutdate**: 13 October
- **testdebutyear**: 1955
- **testdebutagainst**: Pakistan
- **lasttestdate**: 14 March
- **lasttestyear**: 1972
- **lasttestagainst**: West Indies
- **columns**: 2
- **column1**: Test cricket, Test
- **matches1**: 21
- **runs1**: 272
- **top score1**: 34
- **bat avg1**: 9.71
- **100s/50s1**: 0/0
- **deliveries1**: 3,992
- **wickets1**: 49
- **best bowling1**: 4/46
- **bowl avg1**: 38.02
- **fivefor1**: 0
- **tenfor1**: 0
- **catches/stumpings1**: 7/0
- **column2**: First-class cricket, FC
- **matches2**: 143
- **runs2**: 2,427
- **top score2**: 82
- **bat avg2**: 13.33
- **100s/50s2**: 0/5
- **deliveries2**: 30,146
- **wickets2**: 500
- **best bowling2**: 7/41
- **bowl avg2**: 25.37
- **fivefor2**: 25
- **tenfor2**: 4
- **catches/stumpings2**: 94/0
- **source**: https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1022/1022.html CricketArchive
- **date**: 22 October
- **year**: 2025
Gerasim Khugayev

**Gerasim "Rezo" Georgievich Khugayev** (, _Xwêgatê Géorgiyê fêrt Gérasim (Rézo)_; , _Gerasime Khugaevi_; ; 15 November 1946 – 22 October 2024) was an Ossetian politician. He was the 2nd and 8th Prime Minister of South Ossetia. He was the only South Ossetian Prime Minister to serve more than one time.

Khugayev died on 22 October 2024 at the age of 78.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Gerasim Georgievich Khugayev
<small>Герасим Георгевич Хугаев</small>
- **office**: 2nd and 8th Prime Minister of South Ossetia
- **president**: Lyudvig Chibirov
- **term start**: 25 October 1993
- **term end**: 16 May 1994
- **predecessor**: Oleg Teziev
- **successor**: Feliks Zassiev
- **president2**: Eduard Kokoity
- **term start2**: 19 December 2001
- **term end2**: 31 August 2003
- **predecessor2**: Dmitry Sanakoyev
- **successor2**: Igor Sanakoyev
- **birth place**: Chasaval, Soviet Union
Tūheitia

**Tūheitia Pōtatau Te Wherowhero VII** GCCT KStJ KCLJ (born **Tūheitia Paki**; 21 April 1955 – 30 August 2024), crowned as **Kīngi Tūheitia**, reigned as the Māori King from 2006 until his death in 2024. He was the oldest son of the last Māori monarch, Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu. He was announced as her successor and crowned on 21 August 2006, the final day of her tangi.

On 30 August 2024, Tūheitia died while recovering from heart surgery in hospital in Hamilton, New Zealand at the age of 69.

His daughter Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō, was elected by leaders of tribes as his successor.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Tūheitia
- **image**: Kiingi Tuheitia Potatau Te Wherowhero (cropped 3 by 4).jpg
- **caption**: Kīngi Tūheitia in 2021
- **reign**: 21 August 2006 – 30 August 2024
- **coronation**: 21 August 2006
- **predecessor**: Te Atairangikaahu, Dame Te Atairangikaahu
- **successor**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō
- **reg-type**: Prince regent, Whirinaki-a-te-Kiingi (2013)
- **spouse**: Te Atawhai
- **spouse-type**: Queen consort, Makau Ariki
- **consort**: yes
- **house-type**: Kāhui Ariki
- **royal house**: Te Wherowhero
- **birth name**: Tūheitia Paki
- **regnal name**: Tūheitia Pōtatau TeWherowheroVII
- **father**: Whatumoana Paki
- **mother**: Te Atairangikaahu
- **birth place**: Huntly, New Zealand, Huntly, New Zealand
- **death place**: Hamilton, New Zealand, Hamilton, New Zealand
- **date of burial**: 5 September 2024
- **place of burial**: Mount Taupiri, New Zealand
- **succession**: Māori King Movement#List of Māori monarchs, Māori King
Te Atairangikaahu

**Dame Te Atairangikaahu**  (born **Pikimene Korokī Mahuta**, 23 July 1931 – 15 August 2006) reigned as Māori Queen from 1966 until her death in 2006. Her reign was the longest of any Māori monarch.

Although the office of the Māori monarch holds no constitutional duties, it is the head of the Waikato federation of tribes with its parliament. Te Atairangikaahu was also a strong supporter of Māori cultural and sporting events.

In December 2005, Te Atairangikaahu started dialysis treatment when her kidneys began to fail. In July 2006, she suffered a suspected heart attack, and was hospitalized in Hamilton, New Zealand. She was discharged from hospital later in the month.

Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu died on 15 August 2006 at her official residence, Tūrangawaewae marae in Ngāruawāhia from problems caused by kidney failure at the age of 75.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Dame Te Atairangikaahu
- **title**: Te Arikinui
- **image**: Te Atairangikaahu (1975).jpg
- **caption**: Te Atairangikaahu in 1975
- **reign**: 23 May 1966 – 15 August 2006
- **coronation**: 23 May 1966
- **predecessor**: Korokī Mahuta, Korokī
- **successor**: Tūheitia
- **royal house**: Te Wherowhero
- **full name**: Te Arikinui Dame Te Atairangikaahu
- **father**: Korokī Mahuta
- **mother**: Te Atairangikaahu Herangi
- **birth name**: Pikimene Korokī Mahuta
- **birth place**: Waahi Marae, Huntly, New Zealand
- **death place**: Turangawaewae, Turangawaewae Marae, Ngāruawāhia, New Zealand
- **date of burial**: 21 August 2006
- **place of burial**: Mount Taupiri, New Zealand
- **succession**: Māori Queen
Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō

**Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō** (born 13 January 1997) has been the Māori Queen since 2024. She was raised to the throne on 5 September 2024 after being elected to replace her father Kīngi Tūheitia.

Her full name and title is **Te Arikinui Kuīni Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō**. Her titles _Te Arikinui_ (meaning Paramount Chief) and _Kuīni_ (meaning Queen).

## Reign

Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō acceded to the throne at the age of 27, the second-youngest to do so. Her accession was not automatic, as the Māori monarch has to be elected. Upon her accession, she was younger than the youngest reigning monarch of a sovereign nation (Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, the sovereign Emir of Qatar).

Tūheitia's death on 30 August 2024 caused a selection of his replacement by a forum of tribal leaders who choose her by consensus.

The announcement of her selection as Queen and her taking the throne took place during the funeral of her father.

## Personal life

Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō was born in Waikato, New Zealand as the youngest child and only daughter of Tūheitia. She is a direct descendant of the first Māori King, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero. She is the eighth monarch of the Kīngitanga, and the second woman to hold the position.

Māori is her first language.

When Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō was nine years old, her father became the Māori king.

## Infobox (person)

- **embed**: yes
- **education**: University of Waikato (Bachelor of Arts, BA, Master of Arts, MA)


## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō
- **title**: Te Arikinui Kuīni
- **image**: File:Ngawaihonoitepo Paki 2019 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō in 2019
- **succession**: Māori Queen
- **reign**: 5 September 2024 – present
- **coronation**: 5 September 2024
- **predecessor**: Tūheitia
- **house-type**: Kāhui Ariki
- **royal house**: Te Wherowhero
- **birth name**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō Paki
- **regnal name**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō Pōtatau Te Wherowhero VIII
- **birth place**: Waikato, New Zealand
- **father**: Tūheitia
- **mother**: Queen consort, Makau Ariki Te Atawhai
- **religion**: Catholicism
Māori King movement

The **Māori King movement**, called the **** in Māori, is a Māori movement that came from some of the Māori tribes of New Zealand in the 1850s. They wanted to create a role that was similar to that of the monarch of the British colonists.

The first Māori king, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, was crowned in 1858. The monarchy is non-hereditary as every monarch has to be elected by a forum of tribal leaders.

The eighth monarch is Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō, was elected and crowned in September 2024.

## List of Māori monarchs

|rowspan="2" style="width:8%;"||rowspan="2" style="width:8%;"|Portrait|rowspan="2" style="width:15%;"|<small>(Birth–Death)</small>|style="width:30%;" colspan=2|Reign|rowspan="2" style="width:20%;"|Birth name|rowspan="2" style="width:20%;"|Spouse(s)|rowspan="2"|House|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|align=center|1||Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>died 1860</small>|June 1858|25 June 1860|Te Wherowhero|Whakaawi, Waiata, Raharaha, Ngāwaero|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|2||Tūkaroto Matutaera Pōtatau Te Wherowhero Tāwhiao <small>c. 1822–1894</small>|25 June 1860|26 August 1894|Tūkaroto Pōtatau Te Wherowhero|Hera Ngāpora, Rangiaho Taimana, Aotea Te Paratene|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|3||Mahuta Tāwhiao Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>c. 1854/55–1912</small>|26 August 1894|9 November 1912|Whatiwhatihoe|Te Marae|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|4||Te Rata Mahuta Tāwhiao Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>c. 1878–1933</small>|24 November 1912|1 October 1933|Te Rata Mahuta|Te Uranga|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|5||Korokī Te Rata Mahuta Tāwhiao Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>1906–1966</small>|8 October 1933|18 May 1966|Korokī Te Rata Mahuta Tāwhiao Pōtatau Te Wherowhero|Te Atairangikaahu Hērangi|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|6||Te Atairangikaahu <small>1931–2006</small>|23 May 1966|15 August 2006|Pikimene Korokī Mahuta|Whatumoana Paki|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|7||Tūheitia Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>1955–2024</small>|21 August 2006|30 August 2024|Tūheitia Paki|Te Atawhai|Te Wherowhero||||||
|align=center|8||Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō Pōtatau Te Wherowhero <small>b. 1997</small>|5 September 2024|present|Nga wai hono i te po Paki||Te Wherowhero||||||

## Infobox (monarchy)

- **royal title**: Queen
- **native name**: <span style="font-size:110%;></span>
- **realm**: the Kīngitanga
- **coatofarms**: File:Te Paki-o-Matariki (Kiingitanga coat of arms) (vectorised).svg
- **coatofarms size**: 210px
- **coatofarmscaption**:
Achievement (heraldry), Coat of arms of the Kīngitanga
- **image**: File:Ngawaihonoitepo Paki 2019 (cropped).jpg
- **incumbent**: Ngā Wai Hono i te Pō
- **incumbentsince**: 5 September 2024
- **style**:
 and then
- **image2**: Kiingitanga flag.svg
- **caption2**: Flag of the Kīngitanga
- **heir apparent**: None; Elective monarchy, elective
- **appointer**: List of iwi, Iwi of the Kīngitanga
- **residence**: Tūrongo House, Tūrangawaewae
- **first monarch**: Pōtatau Te Wherowhero
- **date**: 1858
Vimba elongata

***Vimba elongata***, the **Bavarian vimba**, is a kind of vimba in the family Cyprinidae. It lives in the Danube and is also found in Austria, Bavaria, and Germany.

## References

1. <small>"_Vimba elongata_". _FishBase_.</small>
Paskalis Bruno Syukur

**Paskalis Bruno Syukur** OFM (born 17 May 1962 in Ranggu) is an Indonesian Catholic bishop. He was the Bishop of Bogor from 2014 to 2016.

## Early life and religious career

Paskalis Bruno Syukur was born on 17 May 1962 in Ranggu, Indonesia. He joined the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans) and made his religious vows on 22 January 1989. He was ordained a priest on 2 February 1991.

## Bishop of Bogor

On 21 November 2013, Pope Francis appointed him as the Bishop of Bogor. He received his episcopal consecration on 22 February 2014 from Bishop Cosmas Michael Angkur. The co-consecrators were Bishops Hubertus Leteng and Ignatius Hardjoatmodjo.

On 6 October 2024, Pope Francis announced that Syukur would become a cardinal. However, on 22 October 2024, Syukur resigned from accepting the cardinalate, and Pope Francis accepted his resignation.

On 19 January 2026, Pope Leo XIV accepted his resignation.

## Other websites

- Catholic-Hierarchy: Bishop Paskalis Bruno Syukur

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: bishop
- **name**: Paskalis Bruno Syukur
- **honorific prefix**: Bishop, His Excellency
- **title**: Bishop Emeritus of the Diocese of Bogor
- **image**: Mgr Paskalis Bruno Syukur.jpg
- **caption**: Paskalis Bruno Syukur (2017)
- **church**: Roman Catholic Church
- **diocese**: Roman Catholic Diocese of Bogor, Bogor
- **see**: Bogor
- **appointed**: 21 November 2013
- **term start**: 22 February 2014
- **term end**: 19 January 2026
- **predecessor**: Cosmas Michael Angkur
- **ordination**: 2 February 1991
- **consecration**: 22 February 2014
- **consecrated by**: Cosmas Michael Angkur
- **rank**: Bishop
- **birth name**: Paskalis Bruno Syukur
- **birth place**: Ranggu, Indonesia
- **nationality**: Indonesian
- **religion**: Roman Catholic
- **motto**: _Magnificat anima mea Dominum_
Place de la Concorde

**Place de la Concorde** () is one of the major public squares in Paris, France. Measuring 7.6 hectares (19 acres) in area, it is the largest square in Paris. It is located in the 8th arrondissement, at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées.

## History

The square was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel in 1755 as a moat-skirted octagon between the Champs-Élysées and the Tuileries Gardens. Initially named _Place Louis XV_ to honor Louis XV of France, it featured an equestrian statue of the king in its center.

During the French Revolution, the statue of Louis XV was torn down, and the square was renamed _Place de la Révolution_. It became the site of many public executions, including that of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and Maximilien Robespierre. The guillotine was erected in the square, and over 1,200 people were executed there during the Reign of Terror.

In 1795, after the revolution, the square was given its current name, _Place de la Concorde_, symbolizing national reconciliation.

## Monuments

At the center of the square stands the Luxor Obelisk, a gift from Egypt to France in 1833. The obelisk, originally from the Luxor Temple in Egypt, is over 3,000 years old and was erected in the square in 1836. The obelisk is flanked by two magnificent fountains designed by Jacques Ignace Hittorff: the _Fontaine des Mers_ and the _Fontaine des Fleuves_.

Surrounding the square are several important buildings, including the Hôtel de Crillon, one of the oldest luxury hotels in the world, and the Hôtel de la Marine, a historic building that now houses a museum.

## Location

Place de la Concorde is located at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées, making it an important part of the historic axis of Paris, which stretches from the Arc de Triomphe to the Louvre Museum. The square is bordered by the Tuileries Garden to the east and the Seine River to the south, with views of the Eiffel Tower and the Madeleine Church.

## Notable events

The square has been the site of numerous important historical events, from royal celebrations to revolutionary executions. In modern times, it is often used for national parades, including the annual Bastille Day military parade.

## Access

The square is easily accessible via the Paris Métro, with the nearest stations being _Concorde_ on lines 1, 8, and 12.

## Related pages

- Champs-Élysées
- Luxor Obelisk
- French Revolution
- Bastille Day
- Arc de Triomphe
Gustavo Gutiérrez

**Gustavo Gutiérrez Merino**  (8 June 192822 October 2024) was a Peruvian philosopher, Catholic theologian, and Dominican priest. He was thought to be one of the founders of Latin American liberation theology. He was a professor at the University of Notre Dame. He was known for his writings discussing the question: "How do we [show] the poor that God loves them?". Gutiérrez was born in Lima, Peru.

In 2002, Gutiérrez was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2003, he received the Príncipe de Asturias award.

Gutiérrez died on 22 October 2024 in Lima from pneumonia at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Gustavo Gutiérrez on the University of Notre Dame website
- Audio downloads of Gutiérrez's 1995 Drummond Lectures in Scotland
- Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith-August 6, 1984. Instruction on certain aspect of  "Liberation Theology"
- Liberation Theology in the World History Encyclopedia
Joseph Odermatt

**Pope Peter III** (born **Markus Josef Odermatt** on 13 March 1966 in Stans, Nidwalden, Switzerland), is the 4th Pope of the Palmarian Catholic Church. He succeeded Gregory XVIII on 22 April 2016.

## Early life

Markus Josef Odermatt was born in Stans, Switzerland in 1966. He joined the Palmarian Catholic Church in 1985 and served as a missionary in South America. In 2011, he was appointed Secretary of State for the church.

## Papacy

Odermatt became the fourth pope of the Palmarian Catholic Church in 2016, taking the papal name Peter III. He succeeded Gregory XVIII, who left the church and reconciled with the Vatican. Peter III has led the church since his election.

## Other websites

- Official website of the Palmarian Catholic Church

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: Antipope
- **honorific-prefix**: Palmarian Pope
- **name**: Peter III
- **title**: Pope of the Palmarian Catholic Church
- **image**: Papa Pedro III Iglesia Palmariana.jpg
- **church**: Palmarian Catholic Church
- **term start**: 22 April 2016
- **predecessor**: Ginés Jesús Hernández, Gregory XVIII
- **birth name**: Markus Josef Odermatt
- **birth place**: Stans, Nidwalden, Switzerland
- **nationality**: Swiss
- **religion**: Palmarian Catholic Church
- **honorific suffix**: The Great
Islamic State – Sinai Province

The **Wilayah Sinai** or **IS-SP** () was a branch of ISIS that was active in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt.

## Related pages

- ISIS
- Hamas–ISIS conflict
- 2017 Rafah crossing bombing
- ISIS Hunters
Arianna Schivo

**Arianna Schivo** (born 16 September 1986) is an Italian Olympic equestrian. She was at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. She was thirty-fourth place.

Schivo also was at the 2015 European Eventing Championships. She was twenty-eighth place.

Her father Gian Marco Schivo was in the high jump competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

## Infobox (equestrian)

- **name**: Arianna Schivo
- **birth place**: Turin
- **discipline**: Eventing
- **show-medals**: yes
Confusing poison frog

The **confusing poison frog** (_Epipedobates maculatus_) is a frog.  It lives in Panama.

Twenty-first-century scientists are not sure where other scientists first found this frog. They think it was in a forest. They think the tadpoles swim in water.

Scientists do not know if this frog is alive or dead now. They think, if it is alive, people cutting down too many trees near its home may put it in danger.
Fortnite: Save The World

**Fortnite: Save The World**, is a game mode on Fortnite that is paid. It was released on July 25, 2017. Save The World was the original game mode but, to gain more players, Fortnite released a Battle Royale game.
Antipope John XXIII

**John XXIII** (c. 1365 – 22 December 1419), born **Baldassare Cossa**, was an antipope during the Western Schism. He served as antipope from 1410 to 1415.

## Early life

Baldassare Cossa was born in Naples, Italy, around 1365. He came from a noble family and pursued a career in the church. He studied law at the University of Bologna and later became a cardinal under Pope Boniface IX.

## Western Schism

The Western Schism (1378–1417) was a period when the Catholic Church was divided, with multiple popes claiming authority. In 1410, after the death of Antipope Alexander V, Baldassare Cossa was elected as pope by a group of cardinals who supported the Pisan line during the schism. He took the name John XXIII.

## Council of Constance

The schism was causing great division in the church, so in 1414 the Council of Constance was called to end it. John XXIII attended the council but was pressured to resign in 1415 to help reunify the church. After resigning, he was imprisoned for a time by the council.

## Later life and death

After his resignation, John XXIII was eventually released and spent his remaining years in Florence. He died on 22 December 1419.

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy: Baldassare Cardinal Cossa

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: antipope
- **name**: John XXIII
- **honorific-prefix**: Antipope
- **image**: John XXIII (antipope).jpg
- **term start**: 25 May 1410
- **term end**: 29 May 1415
- **predecessor**: Antipope Alexander V
- **successor**: None (Papacy reunified under Pope Martin V)
- **birth name**: Baldassare Cossa
- **birth date**: c. 1365
- **birth place**: Naples, Kingdom of Naples
- **death date**: 22 December 1419
- **cardinal**: 27 February 1402
- **created cardinal by**: Pope Boniface IX
- **rank**: Cardinal#Ranks, Cardinal-Deacon
- **death place**: Florence, Republic of Florence
- **coat of arms**: C o a Johannes XXIII (antipapa).svg
Margo Smith

**Betty Lou Miller** (later stage named as **Margo Smith**; April 9, 1939 -- January 23, 2024) was an American Christian and country music singer and songwriter. Her Christian and country music success involved the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.

By the name Margo Smith, she had a career that went across multiple decades and years. Her first album was _I'm a Lady_ from 1971. From the Seventies to the Nineties, Smith's songs included "My Guy" (her version of the Mary Wells hit song), "Little Things Mean a Lot" and "There I Said It".

Smith was born in 1939 although some sources mention her being born between 1941 and 1943. She died half a week after a stroke at age eighty-four in Franklin, Tennessee.
Coat of arms of Querétaro

The **coat of arms of Jalisco** (_Escudo de Querétaro_, lit. "state shield of Querétaro") is a symbol of the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro.
Antipope Alexander V

**Alexander V** (born **Pietro Philarges di Candia**, c. 1339 – 3 May 1410) was an antipope from 1409 until his death in 1410. He was chosen by a group of cardinals during the Western Schism.

## Early life

Pietro was born in Heraklion on the island of Crete, which was part of the Republic of Venice. He joined the Franciscan Order as a young man and studied theology in Padua, Norwich, and Oxford. Later, he taught at the universities in Paris and Padua. In 1402, he was made Archbishop of Milan.

## Antipope

During the Western Schism, the Council of Pisa in 1409 declared both Pope Gregory XII and Antipope Benedict XIII as illegitimate. The cardinals elected Pietro as the new pope, and he took the name Alexander V. However, his election did not end the schism and instead added a third rival pope.

## Death

Alexander V died suddenly on 3 May 1410 in Bologna. His death was followed by the election of Antipope John XXIII.

## Legacy

Alexander V's brief reign is remembered as a part of the failed attempt to end the Western Schism. He is considered an antipope because his election did not follow the usual process, and he was one of several rival popes at the time.

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy: Pietro Cardinal Filargis, O.F.M.

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: antipope
- **name**: Alexander V
- **honorific-prefix**: Antipope
- **image**: Alexander V Papa Cretensis Graecus (BM 1871,1209.870).jpg
- **term start**: 26 June 1409
- **term end**: 3 May 1410
- **predecessor**: Pope Gregory XII (disputed)
- **successor**: Antipope John XXIII
- **birth name**: Pietro Philarges di Candia
- **birth date**: c. 1339
- **birth place**: Heraklion, Republic of Venice
- **death date**: 3 May 1410
- **death place**: Bologna, Papal States
- **coat of arms**: C o a Alexandre V (Pisa).svg
Viva Querétaro

The **hymn of Querétaro** (_Viva Querétaro_, lit. "Long live Querétaro") is a anthem of the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro.

### In Spanish

|Spanish original|Transliteration|
| --- | --- |
|<poem></poem>|<poem>Querétaro, towards progress, towards triumph, towards honor; Querétaro, we have faith in your great future. Querétaro, we all work together for you; The future is in our hands to make this land happy. In peace you will have progress and well-being, Unity, brotherhood for all equally Querétaro, rich heritage of culture and tradition; Querétaro, your history arose under the Sun of Sangremal. Querétaro, here national independence was born; On your soil the Empire died, and our federal pact was signed.</poem>|
Imagination Movers

The **Imagination Movers** are an American children's band. They were formed in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 2003. The line-up includes drummer and multi-instrumentalist Rich Collins, keyboardist and banjo/mandolin player Scott K Durbin, bassist Dave Poche, and guitarist Scott "Smitty" Smith.
Novikov self-consistency principle

The  **Novikov self-consistency principle**, also known as the **Novikov self-consistency conjecture** and Larry Niven's **law of conservation of history** is an idea made up by Russian physicist Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov in the 1980's. Novikov made it to solve the problem of paradoxes in time travel. The idea says that if something happens that could cause a paradox or change the past, the chance of that thing happening is zero. Then, it would be impossible to make paradoxes.
The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian

**The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian** is a novel by Sherman Alexie, told from the perspective of Arnold Spirit Jr., or "Junior," a 14-year-old Native American aspiring cartoonist. The story follows Junior's life on the Spokane Indian Reservation and his decision to attend an all-white public high school away from the reservation. The novel, which includes a mix of text and comic illustrations, provides a unique insight into his experiences.

The book deals with themes such as poverty, identity, and racism, while also addressing more difficult topics like alcoholism, bullying, and grief. Although critically acclaimed, _The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian_ has been the subject of controversy, frequently appearing on lists of banned or challenged books due to its portrayal of sensitive issues.

As Junior adjusts to life at his new school, he struggles with balancing his cultural identity and fitting in with his mostly white classmates. Throughout the story, he deals with personal tragedies, including the loss of close family members, but ultimately learns to reconcile his life on the reservation with his experiences in the wider world. The novel emphasizes themes of resilience, self-discovery, and the importance of family and friendship.

Much of the novel is semi-autobiographical, based on Alexie's own experiences growing up on the Spokane Reservation and attending a predominantly white school. The novel has been praised for its humor, emotional depth, and insight into Native American life.