Frank Drake

**Frank Donald Drake** PhD (May 28, 1930 – September 2, 2022) was an American astronomer (a scientist who studies the universe and what is inside it) and astrophysicist (someone who studies the physics of astronomy). He is most famous for joining the first new SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence) experiment in 1960 and for making the Drake equation.

## Early Life

Born on the 28th of May 1930 in Chicago to Richard and Winifred Drake. As a young boy in Chicago, Drake loved electronics and chemistry. He says that he thought of life on other planets but never talked about the idea with his family or teachers.

He enrolled at Cornell University on a Navy Reserve Officer Training Corps scholarship.  Once there, he began studying astronomy. A lecture from astrophysist Otto Struve in 1951 strengthen Drake's ideas about the possibility of extraterrestrial life. After college, he served briefly as an electronics officer on the USS Albany. He then went on to graduate school at Harvard in radio astronomy.

Drake's hobbies included lapidary and orchid cultivation.

## Career

Drake started his career undertaking radio astronomical research at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in Green Bank, West Virginia, and for a short time in 1963 at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He conducted key measurements which revealed the presence of a Jovian ionosphere and magnetosphere.

In 1960, he started Project Ozma, which searches for extraterrestrial life. Drake is one of the pioneers of the modern field of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence with Giuseppe Cocconi, Philip Morrison, Iosif Shklovsky, and Carl Sagan.

Drake joined the Astronomy faculty of Cornell University in 1963. Drake led the conversion of the Arecibo Observatory to a radio astronomical facility and Arecibo's improvements in 1974 and 1996. As a researcher, Drake was involved in the early work on pulsars. Drake was a professor at Cornell University and Director of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, the formal name for the Arecibo facility. In 1974 he wrote the Arecibo message.

Drake co-designed the Pioneer plaque with Carl Sagan in 1972, the first physical message sent into space. The plaque was made to be read by clever alien life if they find it. He later helped the making of the Voyager Golden Record. He was elected to the AAAS in 1974.

Drake was a member of the National Academy of Sciences where he chaired the Board of Physics and Astronomy of the National Research Council (1989–92). He also served as President of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. He was involved in "The Carl Sagan Center for the Study of life in the Universe".

He was Emeritus Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of California, Santa Cruz where he also served as Dean of Natural Sciences (1984–88). He served on the Board of Trustees of the SETI Institute.

## Death

Drake died on September 2, 2022 at his home in Aptos, California, from natural causes at the age of 92.

## Honors

Drake Planetarium at Norwood High School, in Norwood, Ohio, is named for Dr. Drake and linked to NASA.

## Related pages

- Fermi paradox

## Other websites

- "Only a matter of time, says Frank Drake"

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Frank Drake
Doctor of Philosophy, PhD
- **image**: Frank Drake at Cornell, October 2017 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Frank Drake in 2017
- **birth name**: Frank Donald Drake
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Aptos, California, Aptos, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **field**: Astronomy
- **alma mater**: Cornell University
Harvard University
- **known for**: SETI
Drake equation