juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Graciela Beltran

**Graciela Beltran** was born on December 29, 1974 in Costa Rica, Sinaloa, Mexico. Her family moved to Los Angeles when she was six. Beltran's compilation album with Selena called _Las Reinas Del Pueblo_ sold 5 million copies, which became Beltran's first and only album to sell above 1 million copies. Beltran was chosen to sing, as a Cinco de Mayo celebration, in front of former U.S. president George W. Bush.

## Discography

- **Albums**
- 1987: _Gracielita Beltran_
- 1988: _Gracielita Beltran – 16 exitos_
- 1989: _Revelacion Ranchero_
- 1991: _La Estrellita de Sinaloa_
- 1992: _Graciela Beltrán con Banda_
- 1992: _Chalino Sanchez y Graciela Beltrán Canta Juntos_
- 1993: _Mis Mejores Canciones – 17 Super Exitos_
- 1993: _Graciela Beltrán con la Banda Culiacán_
- 1993: _Graciela Beltrán con la Banda Santa Cruz_
- 1993: a duo con _Grupo Modelo_
- 1994: _Los Tucanes de Tijuana y Graciela Beltrán_
- 1995: _Tesoro_
- 1995: _Las Reinas Del Pueblo_
- 1996: _Mi Corazon Es Tuyo_
- 1997: _La Reina Del Pueblo con Banda y Mariachi_
- 1997: _Tuya_
- 1998: _Robame Un Beso_ - Producido por Joan Sebastian
- 1998: _Graciela Beltrán con Banda – Grandes y Nuevos Exitos_
- 1998: _Navida Para Mi Pueblo_ - Junto con otros artistas
- 1999: _La Reina Del Pueblo_
- 2001: _Para Mi Pueblo_
- 2001: _Esto Es Lo Nuestro_
- 2002: _A Los Grandes_
- 2003: _No Me Arrepiento De Nada_
- 2003: _Graciela Beltrán – La Historia_ - Incluye 10 Videos
- 2004: _Mi Otro Sentimiento_
- 2005: _Tuya_
- 2006: _Rancherisimas con Banda_
- 2007: _Es Cosa De El_
- 2007: _Promesas No_
- 2008: _Una Reina En Hollywood_
- 2009: _La Reina De La Banda_

## Filmography

- 1990 _Ni Parientes Somos_  as Herself
- 1991 _El Corrido De Los Perez_  as Herself
- 1994 _La Reina de las Bandas_  as Herself
- 1994 _La Quebradita_  as Herself
- 2006 _La Fea Más Bella_  as Herself

## Other websites

- Graciela Beltran - official webpage
- Graciela Beltran at IMDb
- http://music.aol.com/artist/graciela-beltran/biography/1023785
- http://www.rhapsody.com/graciela-beltran
- http://www.elmariachi.com/Artists/graciela_beltran.aspx
- http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/beltran_graciela/artist.jhtml
- http://www.universalmusica.com/gracielabeltran/Biography
Box-set

A **box-set** is a package of compact discs, DVDs, or similar items that come in a special box.

## Music

Music box-sets can be remix albums, compilation albums or greatest hits albums that represents an artist's best works during their career. Box-sets are usually priced more than what regular CDs cost.

## Movies and television

Box-sets for movies and television can contain extra scenes, behind-the-scenes, and interviews with the cast. A box-set for a television series can contain all the episodes for one season. A movie box-set can contain all the movies in a series.
Kenzō Tange

was a Japanese architect and professor at the University of Tokyo.  He was the 1987 winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize.

## Early life

Tange was born in Osaka. He grew up in the small city of Imabari in Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku in 1913.

Tange studied film at Nihon University to avoid joining the military.

In 1935, he began studying architecture at the University of Tokyo. Hideto Kishida and Shozo Uchida were two of his teachers.

## Career

Tange won a contest to design the Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere Memorial Hall in 1942.

After the war, he became a professor at the University of Tokyo and taught such architects as Arata Isozaki, Koji Kamiya, Kisho Kurokawa, Fumihiko Maki and  Sachio Otani.

Tange was in charge of the rebuilding Hiroshima after World War II.   He designed the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum.

In 1959-60 Tange was a founding member of the architectural movement called Metabolism.

In 1987, Tange won the Pritzker Prize.

## Honors

- RIBA Gold Medal, UK
- AIA Gold Medal, US
- Legion of Honour, France
- Order of Culture, Japan
- Order of Sacred Treasure, Japan

## Infobox (architect)

- **name**: Kenzo Tange
- **image**: Kenzo Tange 1981.jpg
- **caption**: Kenzo Tange in 1981
- **nationality**: Japanese
- **birth date**: September 4, 1913
- **birth place**: Osaka, Japan
- **death date**: March 22, 2005
- **death place**: Tokyo, Japan
- **alma mater**: The University of Tokyo
- **practice**: 1946 Tange Laboratory
 1961 The Urbanists and Architects Team
 Kenzo Tange Associates
- **significant buildings**: Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, Plan for Skopje, Tokyo Olympic arenas, St Mary's Cathedral
- **awards**: RIBA Gold Medal, AIA Gold Medal, Order of Culture, Order of Sacred Treasure
Ryan Braun

**Ryan Braun** (born November 17, 1983) is a baseball player for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He is an outfielder who plays in left field. He started his career as a Major leaguer in 2007 and won the Rookie of the Year award in 2007. He was a National League All Star in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, and was the Most Valuable Player (MVP) in the National League in 2011.

Before playing in the major leagues, Braun played college baseball at the University of Miami. The Brewers chose him with the fifth pick in the 2005 MLB draft.

Braun is Jewish, and has said, "being Jewish is something I take great pride in". He has been nicknamed "the Hebrew Hammer".

## Other websites

- Ryan Braun at baseball-reference
West Des Moines, Iowa

**West Des Moines** is a city in central Iowa. It's a suburb of Des Moines, Iowa. It is the place where 12-year-old Johnny Gosch disappeared in 1982, and more recently is known as the hometown of basketball superstar Caitlin Clark. West Des Moines is also home to Jordan Creek Town Center, the largest shopping mall in Iowa.
Los Tres Reyes

**Los Tres Reyes** are a group of three Mexican singers. They record mariachi and ranchera music. Their comeback album _Retorno De Los Tres Reyes_ (2001) peaked within the top 20 of the Mexican Albums Chart. The album contained a cover version of Selena's "No Me Queda Mas" song. The group recorded the song as a duet with Selena and released a promotional music video. The group has sold over 1,600,000 copies in the United States.

## Other websites

- Allmusic
Australasia at the Olympics

**Australasia at the Olympics** is a history which includes 2 games in 2 countries and 53 athletes. Since 1908, Australasia (ANZ) has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

## History

Australasia's team first competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

Australasia was the name of a combined team of athletes from Australia and New Zealand. They competed together at the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics.  When the Olympic Games started up again in 1920 after World War I, the two countries sent separate teams to the Games.

## Medalists

The Australasia team won a total of twelve medals in the two games in which they competed. Most of these were in swimming.   One New Zealander won a medal in 1908. Harry Kerr won a bronze in athletics. In 1912, two New Zealanders won medals. Malcolm Champion won a gold in swimming. Tony Wilding won a bronze in tennis. All other medalists for Australasia were Australians.
|Medal|Name|Games|Sport|Event|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
||Australia national team|1908 London|Rugby union|Men's competition|
|||1908 London|Boxing|Men's middleweight|
|||1908 London|Swimming|Men's 400 m freestyle|
|||1908 London|Athletics|Men's 3500 m walk|
|||1908 London|Swimming|Men's 1500 m freestyle|
|||1912 Stockholm|Swimming|Women's 100 m freestyle|
||Malcolm Champion Leslie Boardman Harold Hardwick || 1912 Stockholm || Swimming || Men's 4×200 m freestyle relay||||
|||1912 Stockholm|Swimming|Men's 100 m freestyle|
|||1912 Stockholm|Swimming|Women's 100 m freestyle|
|||1912 Stockholm|Swimming|Men's 1500 m freestyle|
|||1912 Stockholm|Swimming|Men's 400 m freestyle|
|||1912 Stockholm|Tennis|Men's indoor singles|

## Medals by Games

|width=100|Games|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|bgcolor=gold width=60|**Gold**|bgcolor=silver width=60|**Silver**|bgcolor=cc9966 width=60|**Bronze**|
|1908 London|1|2|2|5||
|1912 Stockholm|2|2|3|7||

## Medals by sport

|width=100|Sport|||||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|bgcolor=gold width=60|**Gold**|bgcolor=silver width=60|**Silver**|bgcolor=cc9966 width=60|**Bronze**|
|Swimming|2|3|3|8||
|Rugby|1|0|0|1||
|Boxing|0|1|0|1||
|Athletics|0|0|1|1||
|Tennis|0|0|1|1||

## Related pages

- List of IOC country codes

## Other websites

- Olympic Medal Winners at Olympic.org
- Australasia (until 1920) at DatabaseOlympics.com

## Infobox (country at games)

- **noc**: ANZ
- **games**: Olympics
- **flagcaption**: Australasian Olympic Flag
- **gold**: 3
- **silver**: 4
- **bronze**: 5
- **seealso**: (1896–1904, 1920–)
 (1920–)
Heroes of Might & Magic VI

***Heroes of Might & Magic VI*** is a computer game made by Ubisoft. It was released in October 2011. The game is the sixth version of the _Might & Magic_ series.

The game play revolves around a turn-based strategy, with the options of single- or multi-player. It is animated. The story continues from the previous version and is basically told in the introduction,. Styles of multiplayer include hot seat offline or online over the internet. Offline and online saves are not compatible.

The game looks like the 5th version. The focus of the game is battles, and to a lesser extent the adventure map. Resources found in earlier versions of the game (sulfur, diamonds or mercury) are not used in this version.
Generation kill

***Generation Kill*** is a book written by Evan Wright in 2004. In 2003, American reporter Evan Wright joined members of the reconnaissance battalion of United States Marine Corps. As a war reporter with them he spent forty days in the first line of the invasion in Iraq. He described the way to Baghdad, first in articles for _Rolling Stone_ magazine, and later in the book which became model for same-named seven-part miniseries. At the beginning of the book we can find a list of the main characters and a dictionary of abbreviations. The book has a prologue, 35 chapters and an epilogue. At the end of the book is thanks to members of the United States Marine Corps. In the text we can see photos taken by Evan Wright.

The story begins when Reporter (a nickname for Wright) first met the soldiers with whom he spent the whole time. Evan is assigned to a team whose team leader is sergeant Brad Colbert, nicknamed Iceman. Brad sits on the passenger seat. The driver is corporal Ray Person, The rear driver is James Trombley, the youngest member of the team, who is nineteen years old. Next to him is the main shooter, Corporal Walt Hassher. On the rear passenger seat is Reporter.

The book describes the passion for fighting, army humor and an aggressive way of war. The author gives a true view of the American army, their broken supply and some poor leadership skills. The book became very popular in America and got many awards.
Jawa Motors

**Jawa Motors** is a  motorcycles company that produces mopeds. The company started in 1927 and owned by František Janeček￼￼.￼ The name JAWA comes from the first two letters of words Janeček (factory owner) and Wanderer (factory name).

## Jawa motorbikes

In 1932, František Janeček sold a new motorbike--the Jawa 175 Villiers. It was simple motorbike. It was popular because it was light weight. By 1935, 3000 of these motorbikes were produced.

In 1935 the same frame used engine JAWA 350 OHV. This motorbike was stronger and more luxury than previous type 175 Villiers. There was more chrome parts and a built-in speedometer. 4000 were produced.

The smallest Jawa motorbike before World War II was the Jawa 100 Robot. It was a small moped. About 12,000 were produced.

The start of World War II meant the end of motorbike production. Lots of motorbikes projects was created illegally, but only one realized, Jawa 350.

In 1952 was produced one of travelling motorbike Jawa 500 OHC, there was used four stroke engine. This motorbike is used by the police and the army.

To the 1960 JAWA cooperated with many countries, for example India, Turkey, Egypt. Firm IDEAL MOTORD in Majsur in India bought licences from Jawa mostly.

In 1970 Jawa produced  the "BIZON“ series, and after that Jawa 634, which were modernized to model 640. Jawa 638-640 has engine 350ccm, it is robust and favourite motorbike in class motorbike.

JAWA produced a lot´s of models of mopeds, for example JAWA 50 types 20,21 named „pionýr“ or „pařez“ This motorbikes were mostly sell in SSSR.

Today Jawa is sold in many European countries. The newest models are JAWA 660, JAWA 125 and 50 Dandy, JAWA 250, 350 and. Basic of motorbikes is really the same like 70 years ago, but it is very modernized, mainly motors. Today stronger four-stroke motors are used, two-stroke motors are used to 350ccm.

## Jawa Cars

In 1933 Jawa started to produce small cars. Ing. Janeček bought a licence from German Meisterklasse DKW. It was called JAWA 700. To 1934 was produced some one thousand cars of this type, because sale was full of small cars, so JAWA produced more motorbikes than cars, in season before war were motorbikes more favourite.
Frank Macfarlane Burnet

Sir **Frank Macfarlane Burnet** (3 September 1899 – 31 August 1985) was an Australian virologist. In 1960, He was given a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work dealing with immunology.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frank Macfarlane Burnet
- **image**: Burnet in 1945.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet in 1945.
- **birth date**: 3 September 1899
- **birth place**: Traralgon, Australia
- **death place**: Port Fairy, Australia
- **occupation**: Virology, Virologist
- **known for**: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1960
George Burns

**George Burns** (born **Nathan Birnbaum**, January 20, 1896– March 9, 1996), was an American comedian, actor, and writer.

He was well known for his comedy routines with his wife, Gracie Allen, involving her tall tales about her relatives. The _Burns & Allen Show_ was broadcast on radio from 1942 to 1950 and on television from 1950 to 1958.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: George Burns
- **image**: George Burns Allan Warren.jpg
- **caption**: Portrait by Allan Warren, 1986
- **birth name**: Nathan Birnbaum
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S
- **death place**: Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Cardiac arrest
- **other names**: Nattie
- **years active**: 1902–1996
- **spouse**: Gracie Allen
 (1926–64; her death; 2 children)
- **website**: [http://georgeburns.com georgeburns.com]
Cathedral of the Holy Spirit, Hradec Králové

The **Cathedral of St. Ducha** (_the holy spirit_) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. It was built in 1307. It was built by order of Eliška Rejčka because the church of St. Klement was too small. The church was burned and rebuilt several times between the 14th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, the church was plundered by Swedish soldiers. In 1664, Pope Alexander VII blessed the church as a cathedral. The last repairs were done after World War II.

## Interior

The cathedral has an old Gothic altar from the end of the 15th century. It also has an early baroque altar from the 17th century. There is a portrait of St. Antoním by Petr Brandla, a pastoforium made by Matej Rejsem and a pulpit by Josef Myslbek. Under the cathedral are 3 crypts. There is a legend that Jan Žižka z Trocnova, a famous Hussite commander, was buried there for a short time. In the towers are 4 bells named Leopold, Klement, Václav and Michal.

## Services

There are services every day. On Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, services are at 18:30. On Sunday, services are at 6:30, 9:30 and 11:00. There is a special service for children on Wednesdays at 17:30. People can visit the interior of the cathedral during worship.

## Other websites

- History of Cathedral on deanery site
- Official site of Hradec Králové deanery
Big Bang 2 (album)

***BIGBANG 2*** is the third Japanese album of South Korean boy band BigBang. It was released on May 11, 2011 and this album had 3 singles to date: _Let Me Hear Your Voice_, _Tell Me Goodbye_, and _Beautiful Hangover_.

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Big Bang 2
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: BigBang (South Korean band), BigBang
- **released**: May 11, 2011
- **recorded**: 2009–2011
YG Studio, Seoul, South Korea
- **length**: 35:32
- **label**: Universal Music Japan
- **producer**: G-Dragon
- **prev title**: Tonight (BigBang EP), Tonight
- **prev year**: 2011
DFC Heidenreichstein

The **DFC Heidenreichstein** is a woman´s football club from Heidenreichstein, Lower Austria, Austria. The club is playing in the Landesliga Niederösterreich, the third level in Austrian women´s soccer. Many years they were part of the ÖFB-Frauenliga, the highest level in Austrian women soccer.

## History

The club was founded in 1981 as part of the FC Heidenreichstein. Soon the women department became independent. 1985 they played in the Damenliga Ost, which was the second level in women soccer. 1987 they were promoted for the first time in the ÖFB-Frauenliga (first level). 1990 they were relegated but came back in 1992. In 1993/94 they reached the third place in the ÖFB-Frauenliga which was the best place ever. In the 1992/93 season the club reached the final of the ÖFB-Ladies Cup. They lost 2:0 versus Union Kleinmünchen Linz. Also the 1994/95 cup final was lost versus Kleinmünchen. 1998 they were again relegated and played till 2009 in the second level. 2009 they were again relegated and at present they play in the Landesliga Niederösterreich,which is the third level.

## Current team

as November 2011
- Benesch Viktoria-DF
- Fucker Anna-Christina-FW
- Kuklina Maria-MF, FW
- Lang Sonja-FW, MF
- Lebersorger Verena
- Ledermüller Verena-DF, MF
- Lemp Theresa-DF
- Miedler Christina-MF
- Mohammed
- Nowak Michelle-MF
- Polt Christine
- Prinz Sabrina-FW
- Pruckner Denise-MF
- Skiwa Denise-GK
- Soffried Katharina-MF
- Strak Kerstin-FW
- Tanzmeister Dorothea-MF
- Traschl Marlene
- Weissenböck Melanie-DF, MF
- Winkler Julia-DF, FW
- Winkler Nadine-DF
GK-goalkeeper, DF-defence, MF- midfielder, FW-forward

## Honours

- **ÖFB-Frauenliga** 3rd place:1994
- **ÖFB-Ladies-Cup** runner-up: 1993, 1995

## Other websites

- Official Homepage (German)
Chuvash Wikipedia

The **Chuvash Wikipedia** () is the Chuvash language edition of Wikipedia. It was founded on November 22, 2004. Its 5,000th article was created in January 2007. On November 11, 2016, it passed 36,000 articles.

## Policies

Rules in Chuvash Wikipedia are not as flexible in disputes as they are on English Wikipedia. Many things can be resolved through an arbitration committee. An arbitration committee can help with disagreements about things in articles, block users or stop certain users from editing articles on certain topics. Misuse of an administrator's privileges can also be easily appealed.

The Chuvash Wikipedia accepts fair use content. Many things are allowed. One thing that is not allowed is categorizing or listing people based on their ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation. Such categories are usually not allowed unless the category is relevant to the main activity of a person.

## History

The Chuvash Wikipedia was created on November 22, 2004.

### Timeline

- On December 16, 2004, the main page was created.
- On March 9, 2006,  the 2,000th article was created.
- On August 22, 2006, the 4,000th article was created.
- On November 22, 2006, the 4,500th article was created.
- In January 2007, the 5,000th article was created.
- In September 2007, the 6,000th article was created.
- On January 14, 2008, the 7,000th article was created.
- On July 17, 2008, the 8,000th article was created.
- On April 6, 2009, the 10,000th article was created.
- On February 13, 2010, the 11,000th article was created.
- On October 4, 2010, the 11,451st article was created.
- On August 31, 2011, the 13,000th article was created.
- On November 11, 2016, the 36,000th article was created.

## Content

- Source: Нумай каçăллă категорисем

## Related pages

- ChuvashTet

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: **Chuvash Wikipedia**
_Чăваш Википедийĕ_
- **collapsible**: yes
- **logo**: Wikipedia-logo-v2-cv.svg
- **url**: [http://cv.wikipedia.org/ cv.wikipedia.org]
- **commercial**: No
- **location**: Miami, Florida
- **type**: Internet encyclopedia project
- **language**: Chuvash language, Chuvash
- **registration**: Optional
- **owner**: Wikimedia Foundation
- **author**: Chuvash editing community
ChuvashTet

**ChuvashTet** (short for "Chuvash Internet"), () is the name Chuvash-speaking Internet users commonly use for the segment of the Web about the Chuvash people or Chuvashia. It includes webpages and websites in many languages.

Chuvash Internet users employ Latin and Cyrillic scripts.

## Literature

- Алексеев И. В. Выбор символов для букв чувашского алфавита при размещении информации на веб-сайтах // Аспекты филологических, педагогических, журналистских исследований: Межвузовский сборник научных трудов. — Cheboksary: Новое время, 2009. — С. 244—250.
- Алексеев И. В., Дегтярёв Г. А. К вопросу о создании компьютерной терминологии на чувашском языке // Чувашский язык из глубины веков в будущее / Науч. ред. и сост. Г. А. Дегтярёв. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2007. — С. 100—103.
- Андреев В. Ю. О поисковых системах Интернета // Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики: Сборник материалов Международной научной конференции «Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики». В 2-х ч. — Ч. I. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2009. — С. 77-80.
- Дегтярёв Г. А. Компьютерти чăваш чĕлхи: терминологие йĕркелес ыйтусем // Вестник Чебоксарского филиала Московского государственного гуманитарного университета имени М. А. Шолохова. № 6. — Moscow — Cheboksary, 2009. — С. 258—267.
- Дегтярёва И. В. Чĕлхĕ урокĕсенче Интернет пурлăхĕпе усă курасси // Ашмаринские чтения — 6: Материалы Всероссийской научной конференции. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2008. — С. 375—380.

## Related pages

- TatNet
- Chuvash Wikipedia

## Other websites

- Дегтярёва И. В. Интернет чăвашла вĕрентет // Халăх шкулĕ. — Вып. 4 (97), 2008. С. 30-31.
- Матвеев И. Чăваш интернечĕ: малашлăха пĕрле утар // Сувар, 2006, Jan. 27.
- Яковлев В. Интернетри «Чăваштет» — чăваш этносфери // Хыпар, 2006, June. 28.
- Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.ru
- Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.net
- Chuvash people site;
- Official site of the Chuvash Republic .
Alikovo, Alikovsky District, Chuvash Republic

**Alikovo** (; , _Elĕk_) is a locality (a _selo_) and the administrative center of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is  south of Cheboksary, on the Cheboksary—Krasnye Chetai and Cheboksary—Yadrin auto routes. Most of the 2,500 people who live there are Chuvash.

## Geography

The Abashyrma River flows near Alikovo; and the closest village is Siner.

## History

It was first mentioned in 1486.

## Climate

The climate is moderately continental, with long cold winters and warm summers. Average January temperature is ; average July temperature is . The absolute recorded low was  and the record high was . Annual precipitation is up to .

## Infrastructure

The facilities include a culture center, a theater, a library, a medical clinic, and stores. There is also a postal office, a stadium, a restaurant and cafés, and several gas stations. A market is open on Thursdays. There are two parks—central and one named after Andriyan Nikolayev.

## Education

Educational facilities include a middle school and a music school.

## Culture

Cultural facilities include a museum, a people's theater, a people's ensemble, a veteran's orchestra, a school's brass band, and a chorus. International Chuvash music festival "Vir'yal shevlisem" (_Vir'yal's pancakes_) is held during summers.

## Economy

Industry in Alikovo is represented by a building plant, branches of banks and insurance companies, telecommunication offices, and building companies.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L.A., Yefimov E.L., Ananyev A.A., Terentyev G.K., Cheboksary, 2009, .
Khirlepposi

**Khirlepposi** or **Khirleppos' Melesh** (; , _Hirleppuş Mĕlĕš_) is a locality (a village) in Tautovskoye Rural Settlement of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located  west of Alikovo, the administrative center of the district. Population: 245 (2006 est.), mostly females; 539 (1926); 482 (1907); 141 (1859).

## Etymology

The name of the village is derived from the Chuvash words "" (the name of the river flowing through the village) and "" ("beginning").  "" was the name of the first settler.

## Geography

The Khirlep River flows through the village.

Cheboksary–Alikovo–Krasnye Chetai auto route passes near the village.

## History

The village was first mentioned in July 1774, when Yemelyan Pugachev passed near it. First school in Khirlepposi opened in 1895.

As the village grew, some of its residents moved out to found new villages in Alikovsky (Small Melesh (or Pavlooshkan'), Toropkasy, New Selo (now it's Azamat), Khitekooshkan', Khoravary) and Krasnochetaisky (Melesh) Districts.

Until 1927, Khirlepposi was a part of Alikovskaya Volost of Yadrinsky Uyezd. On July 1, 1927, the village was incorporated into Alikovsky District and on December 20, 1962 it was transferred to Vurnarsky District. On March 14, 1965, it was returned to Alikovsky District.

## Infrastructure

The facilities in Khirlepposi include a club, a library, a first-aid post, and a store.

There are five streets in the village: Tsentralnaya (, earlier ), Komsomolskaya (), Kooperativnaya (), Pereulochnaya (, earlier  and ), and Shkolnaya ().

## Climate

The climate is moderately continental, with long cold winters and warm summers. Average January temperature is ; average July temperature is . Record low of  was recorded in 1979, and the record high was . Average annual precipitation is up to .

## Notable people

- Anatoly Ivanovich Platonov (b. 1952), Head of Alikovsky District Administration (as of December 2007)
- Gennady Sapozhnikov (1933–2004), scientist, biologist
- Nikita Larionov, Chuvash, writer and poet (here young writer is creating first novel).

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "" (_Alikovsky District_), Alikovo, 1994
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's EncYclopedia), authors: Yefimov L.A., Yefimov E.L., Ananyev A.A., Terentyev G.K., Cheboksary, 2009, .
- "Аликовскому району 75 лет. Очерки и материалы по истории района", под ред. Л. А. Ефимова, Шупашкар, 2002.
Tautovskoye Rural Settlement

**Tautovskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Tavăt jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a village) of Tautovo. Rural settlement's population: 2,532 (2006 est.).

Tautovskoye Rural Settlement comprises eleven rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Krasnye Chetai highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Tautovskoye Rural Settlement
Alikovskoye Rural Settlement

**Alikovskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Elĕk jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Alikovo. Rural settlement's population: 4,291 (2006 est.).

Alikovskoye Rural Settlement comprises ten rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin and the Cheboksary–Krasnye Chetai highways cross the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Alikovskoye Rural Settlement
Bolshevylskoye Rural Settlement

**Bolshevylskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Măn Vylă jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a village) of Bolshaya Vyla. Rural settlement's population: 1,279 (2006 est.).

Bolshevylskoye Rural Settlement comprises three rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Bolshevylskoye Rural Settlement
Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement

**Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement** or **Chuvash-Sorma Rural Settlement**  (; , _Chăvash Surăm yal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the eastern part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Chuvashskaya Sorma. Rural settlement's population: 1,758 (2006 est.).

Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement comprises sixteen rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement

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KB

KB can mean any of the following:

- Kilobit, the unit equal to 1000 bits
- Kilobyte, the unit equal to 1000 bytes (1 byte = 8 bits)
- Boltzmann constant, a constant in science, related to temperature and energy

## See also

- KiB
Kilobit

The **kilobit** is 1000 (kilo-), as in SI, bits.  A bit is either 0 (off) or 1 (on). The kilobit is usually written as kbit or kb.  Kibibit is similar, except it has 1024 (power of two) bits instead of 1000.  They are sometimes confused.

## Related pages

- Kilobyte (kB)
- Kibibyte (KiB or KB)
- Kibibit (Kib or Kb)
- Kilo-
- Bit
- SI
Krymzaraykinskoye Rural Settlement

**Krymzaraykinskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Krymzaraykă jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Krymzaraykino. Rural settlement's population: 1,081 (2006 est.).

Krymzaraykinskoye Rural Settlement comprises nine rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Krymzaraykinskoye Rural Settlement

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Pitishevskoye Rural Settlement

**Pitishevskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Yountapa jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a village) of Pitishevo. Rural settlement's population: 1,095 (2006 est.).

Pitishevskoye Rural Settlement comprises six rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Pitishevskoye Rural Settlement

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Raskildinskoye Rural Settlement

**Raskildinskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Uraskilt jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the western part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Raskildino. Rural settlement's population: 1,366 (2006 est.).

Raskildinskoye Rural Settlement comprises five rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin and Cheboksary–Krasnye Chetai highways cross the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Raskildinskoye Rural Settlement

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Shumshevashskoye Rural Settlement

**Shumshevashskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Shĕmshesh jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Shumshevashi. Rural settlement's population: 2,289 (2006 est.).

Shumshevashskoye Rural Settlement comprises nineteen rural localities.

The Alikovo–Shumshevashi highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Shumshevashskoye Rural Settlement

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Teneyevskoye Rural Settlement

**Teneyevskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Teni jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Teneyevo. Rural settlement's population: 900 (2006 est.).

Teneyevskoye Rural Settlement comprises five rural localities.

The Alikovo–Tautovo highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Teneyevskoye Rural Settlement

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Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement

**Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Yountapa jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a _selo_) of Yandoba. Rural settlement's population: 1,081 (2006 est.).

Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement comprises twelve rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Alikovo highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement

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Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement

**Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement** (; , _Yountapa jal tărăkhĕ_) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a village) of Yefremkasy. Rural settlement's population: 2,608 (2006 est.).

Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement comprises thirteen rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Vurnary highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

## Further reading

- L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- "Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L. A., Yefimov Ye. L., Ananyev A. A., Terentyev G. K. Cheboksary, 2009, .

## Other websites

- Official website of Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement

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Nikolay Yut

**Nikoláj Jákovlevič Jut** —( & ), 30 July 1898 in village Siner of Alikovsky District, Chuvash Republic (Russia) - 27 March 1967 in Shumerlya) was a Chuvash writer, folklorist and literature critic.

## Biography

Nikolai Yut was born in the village of Siner, which is now in Alikovsky District, Chuvash Republic, Russia. He graduated from the Simbir Chuvashia teachers School. He then graduated from the Communist University of Peoples of the East in 1923. He completed graduate studies at the Institute of History of Material Culture of the USSR from 1923–1925. Jut was the editor of the newspaper "Kanash". He was head of the Chuvashia Writers association from 1923–1925. He was the author of numerous literary-critical articles. He was the Author of "A brief sketch of Chuvash Folk Poetry" (1928). Jut was a USSR writers Union’s member (1934). He was critical of members of the regional committee accusing them of sloppiness. For this he was expelled from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He was later reinstated. He had a significant influence on the literature of his time.

Yut served in the Russian Civil War and World War II. He was arrested in 1937, he was released in 1943. Yut was rehabilitated in 1956. He died on 27 March 1967 in Shumerlya.

## Literature

- Leo Efimov, _Alikovsky Encyclopedia_, Chuvash book publishing house, Cheboksary, 2009.
- L. I. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
- Zolotov A.A., Murakhaeva (Zolotova) S.A., "Принципам не изменили", Alikovo-Cheboksary, 1898.
- Zolotov A.A., Zolotov V. A., Zolotov V. T., "Николалай Яковлевич Золотов. К 110-летию со дня рождения, к 85-летию со дня организации Союза писателей "Канаш", Cheboksary, "Новое время", 2008.

## Other websites

- Biography of Nikolai Yut
- Chuvash State Historical Museum
Robert Moresco

**Robert "Bobby" Moresco** (born April 30, 1951) is a Hollywood screenwriter. Some of the movies he has written for are _10th & Wolf_ and _Crash_. He won an Academy Award for _Crash_. He also was a producer of _Crash_. He has acted in three movies.  He wrote scripts for the television series _EZ Streets_, _Millennium_ and _The Black Donnellys_.

In 2012 he received the Pioneer in Screenwriting Award at the Burbank Film Festival.

## Other websites

- Robert Moresco Interview  at Current.com
Jolbon

**Jolbon** was the capital city of the ancient Korean Kingdom of Goguryeo.

The city was established in 37<small>BCE</small> by Jumong.

## Related pages

- Goguryeo

## Infobox (korean name)

- **hangul**: 졸본
- **hanja**: 卒本
- **rr**: Jolbon
- **mr**: Cholpon
Sequoia (genus)

***Sequoia*** is a genus of redwood trees in the Cupressaceae family. It includes the tallest trees in the world. The only living species of the genus is  ***Sequoia sempervirens***, the **coast redwood,** in northern California and southern Oregon in the United States. Several other species have been named from fossils, but are now extinct. These include _Sequoia affinis_, _Sequoia chinensis_ in China, _Sequoia langsdorfii_, _Sequoia dakotensis_ of South Dakota, and _Sequoia magnifica_. Other related species of the subfamily Sequoioideae include Sequoiadendron Giganteum, the Giant Sequoia  and Metasequoia Glyptostroboides, the Dawn Redwood.

The oldest known fossils in the _Sequoia_ genus are those of _Sequoia jeholensis_, which have been found in Jurassic deposits of southern Manchuria. By the late Cretaceous it had spread to other parts of China, Europe, and western North America.

Giant sequoia  are much more recent in the fossil record, appearing 25 million years ago. They grow only in 75 groups across 35,600 acres in California, near the Sierra Nevada mountains. These groups were formed as a protection from logging. The most famous area with giant sequoia trees is Sequoia National Park. The park was made as the second national park, after the Yellowstone in 1980. The Sequoia National Park is managed with Kings Canyon National Park. Together, the two parks are called Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Several trees in Sequoia National Park have even been named, for example General Grant, the Grizzly Giant or General Sherman.
Ecological footprint

An **ecological footprint** measures how much people take from nature. The footprint is then compared to the amount of natural resources nature can renew. The ecological footprint takes into account how much farmland, grazing land, forest area, and sea area it takes to provide everything people use through carbon dioxide intake. More simply, footprint calculations answer the questions: how much nature do we have? And how much do we use?

When analyzing the world as a whole, humanity is using nature about 1.7 times faster than nature renews itself. It is like using 1.7 planet Earths. Since people consume differently around the world, it is also possible to calculate how many planet it would take if everybody around the world consumed like a particular population. For instance, if everybody consumed like the Germans, it would take nearly 3 planet Earths. Expressed in area: The ecological footprint per world citizen is about 2.8 global average hectares per person while there are only 1.6 global hectare of biologically productive land and water per person on Earth. This means that humanity has already overshot global biocapacity by 70% and now lives unsustainably by depleting stocks of "natural capital" and running on biocapacity deficits.

After this, it will shift into an ecological reserve because the biocapacity has been exceeded, and will be considered an ecological overshoot.

All this data is based on the 2020 assessment from Global Footprint Network, York University, and FoDaFo. It uses 2017 data.

## Related pages

- Car-free movement
- Overpopulation
- Population growth

## Other websites

- The Sustainable Scale Project's introduction to the Ecological Footprint

- Global Footprint Network - international think-tank advancing the Ecological Footprint

- RecycleNation
Pope Innocent VII

**Pope Innocent VII** (; 1336 – November 6, 1406), born **Cosimo de' Migliorati**, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 205th Pope from 1404 until his death in 1406.

## Early life

Migliorati was born at Sulmona in the Abruzzi region of Italy.

Migliorati studied at Perugia, Padua and Bologna. He taught law at Perugia and Pagua.

## Bishop

Pope Urban VI made Migliorati Bishop of Bologna in 1386.  He became Archbishop of Ravenna in 1387.

## Cardinal

Pope Boniface IX made Migliorati cardinal in 1389.

## Pope

Migliorati was elected pope on October 17, 1404; and chose to be called of Innocent VII.

He elevated his nephew as a cardinal Ludovico Migliorati.  Cardinal Migliorati had a unique role as cardinal-nephew.

Pope Innocent was involved in Italian and European political disputes.

### Western Schism

Innocent VII was pope during the years of the Western Schism, which was a split between factions of the Roman Catholic Church between 1378 and 1417.

During this period, there was more than one who claimed to be the true pope.

## Related pages

- List of popes

## Other websites

- Catholic Hierarchy, Pope Innocent VII
- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , Cardinal Migliorati

## Infobox (christian leader)

- **type**: pope
- **name**: Innocent VII
- **image**: Nuremberg Chronicles f 235v 1 (Innocentius VII).jpg
- **birth name**: Cosimo de' Migliorati
- **birth date**: 1336
- **birth place**: Sulmona, Kingdom of Naples
- **death place**: Rome
- **term start**: October 17, 1404
- **term end**: November 6, 1406
- **predecessor**: Pope Boniface IX
- **successor**: Pope Gregory XII
- **other**: Innocent
Environmental impact of aviation

Air travel has a major impact on the world's environment, especially the atmosphere. With fast globalisation, air traffic has quickly increased, and is one of the biggest causes of climate change.

It also takes fuel to fly the planes which causes pollution. Aircraft pollution has increased a great deal although flying or taking a transportation method that can carry more than a few individuals at a time is more environmentally friendly than a smaller vehicle. Aircraft noise can also be a problem. Public awareness of the impact of aircraft on the environment is a lot less compared with automobiles.
Happiness (Alexis Jordan song)

**Happiness** is a song by Alexis Jordan. It peaked at number-one in three countries. "Happiness" is the lead single from Jordan's debut album _Alexis Jordan_ (2011).

### Weekly charts

|Chart (2010–11)|Peak position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|European Hot 100 Singles|style="text-align:center;"|13|
|Italy (FIMI)|align="center"|71|
|US Dance Club Songs (_Billboard_)|align="center"|1|

### Year-end charts

|Chart (2010)|Position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|UK Singles (Official Charts Company)|style="text-align:center;"|80|
|US Dance Club Songs (_Billboard_)|style="text-align:center;"|9|
|Australia (ARIA)|style="text-align:center;"|26|
|Belgium (Ultratop Flanders)|style="text-align:center;"|34|
|Belgium (Ultratop Wallonia)|style="text-align:center;"|52|
|Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)|style="text-align:center;"|1|
|Netherlands (Single Top 100)|style="text-align:center;"|2|
|UK Singles (Official Charts Company)|style="text-align:center;"|139|
Alexis Jordan (album)

***Alexis Jordan*** is the self-titled debut studio album by American singer Alexis Jordan.

## Charts

|Chart (2011)|Peak position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|Australian Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|11|
|Australian Urban Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|5|
|Belgian Albums Chart (Flanders)|align="center"|87|
|Dutch Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|21|
|Irish Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|28|
|Polish Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|62|
|Scottish Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|9|
|Swiss Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|96|
|UK Albums Chart|style="text-align:center;"|9|

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Alexis Jordan
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Alexis Jordan
- **released**: February 25, 2011
- **recorded**: January 1, 2007–October 15, 2010
- **genre**: *Dance-pop
*House music, house
*Contemporary R&B, R&B
- **length**: 40:33
- **label**: Roc Nation, StarRoc, Columbia Records, Columbia
- **producer**: Stargate (production team), Stargate <small>(also executive producer, exec.)</small>, Sandy Vee, Nightwatch, Espionage (production team), Espionage