juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Governor of North Dakota

The **Governor of North Dakota** is the head of the executive branch of government of North Dakota and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

There is no limit to the number of terms a governor may serve, if elected.

## Related pages

- List of Governors of North Dakota

## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: Governor
- **body**: North Dakota
- **insignia**: Coat of arms of North Dakota.svg
- **insigniasize**: 70
- **insigniacaption**: Coat of arms of the state of North Dakota
- **flag**: Flag of the Governor of North Dakota.svg
- **flagsize**: 135
- **flagcaption**: Standard of the governor
- **image**: Kelly Armstrong.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **incumbent**: Kelly Armstrong
- **incumbentsince**: December 15, 2024
- **residence**: North Dakota Governor's Residence
- **termlength**: 4 years, no term limit
- **inaugural**: John Miller (North Dakota politician), John Miller
- **formation**: November 20, 1889
- **deputy**: Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota
- **salary**: $116,999 (2013)
Allen I. Olson

**Allen Ingvar Olson** (November 5, 1938 – December 26, 2025) was an American Republican politician and attorney. He was the 28th Governor of North Dakota from 1981 to 1985.

Olson died on December 26, 2025 at the age of 87.

## Infobox (governor)

- **name**: Allen I. Olson
- **image**: Allen Olson.jpg
- **caption**: Allen Olson in 1981
- **order**: 28th
- **office**: Governor of North Dakota
- **term start**: January 6, 1981
- **term end**: January 1, 1985
- **lieutenant**: Ernest Sands
- **predecessor**: Arthur A. Link
- **successor**: George Sinner
- **office2**: 25th North Dakota Attorney General, Attorney General of North Dakota
- **governor2**: Arthur A. Link
- **term start2**: 1973
- **term end2**: 1980
- **predecessor2**: Helgi Johanneson
- **successor2**: Robert Wefald
- **birth place**: Rolla, North Dakota, U.S.
- **spouse**: Barbara Benner Olson
- **children**: 3
- **profession**: Lawyer
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **serviceyears**: 1963-1967
- **unit**: Judge Advocate General's Corps
Governor of Oregon

The **Governor of Oregon** is the head of the executive branch of Oregon's state government and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.

The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek.

## Related pages

- List of Governors of Oregon

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Governor of the State of Oregon
- **insignia**: Seal of Oregon.svg
- **insigniasize**: 150px
- **insigniacaption**: Seal of Oregon
- **image**: Tina Kotek, 2021.jpg
- **incumbent**: Tina Kotek
- **style**: The Honorable
- **residence**: Mahonia Hall
- **incumbentsince**: January 9, 2023
- **termlength**: Four years, limited to 2 consecutive terms with no limit on total number of terms
- **inaugural**: John Whiteaker
- **formation**: February 14, 1859 (Constitution of Oregon)
- **salary**: $93,600 (2013)
Governor of South Dakota

The **governor of South Dakota** is the head of the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The governor is elected to a four-year term in even years when there is no presidential election.

The current governor is Larry Rhoden, a member of the Republican Party who took office on January 25, 2025.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Governor
- **body**: South Dakota
- **insignia**: SouthDakota-StateSeal.svg
- **insigniasize**: 150
- **insigniacaption**: Seal of South Dakota
- **flag**: Flag of South Dakota.svg
- **flagsize**: 175px
- **flagcaption**: Flag of South Dakota, State flag
- **image**: File:South Dakota Lt. Gov. Larry Rhoden (cropped2).jpg
- **incumbent**: Larry Rhoden
- **incumbentsince**: January 25, 2025
- **style**: The Honorable
- **department**: Government of South Dakota
- **termlength**: Four years, renewable once consecutively
- **residence**: South Dakota Governor's Residence, The Governor's Mansion
- **formation**: Constitution of South Dakota
- **inaugural**: Arthur C. Mellette
1889
- **salary**: $139,100.00
Bill Janklow

**William John Janklow** (September 13, 1939January 12, 2012) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. He holds the record for the longest tenure as Governor of South Dakota: sixteen years in office. Janklow has the second longest gubernatorial tenure in post-Constitutional U.S. history at 5,851 days.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bill Janklow
- **image**: William Janklow (South Dakota Governor).jpg
- **caption**: From 2003's _Congressional Pictorial Directory_
- **order**: 27th and 30th
- **office**: Governor of South Dakota
- **lieutenant**: Carole Hillard
- **term start**: January 7, 1995
- **term end**: January 3, 2003
- **predecessor**: Walter Dale Miller
- **successor**: Mike Rounds
- **lieutenant1**: Lowell C. Hansen II, Lowell Hansen
- **term start1**: January 1, 1979
- **term end1**: January 6, 1987
- **predecessor1**: Harvey Wollman
- **successor1**: George S. Mickelson
- **state2**: South Dakota
- **term start2**: January 3, 2003
- **term end2**: January 20, 2004
- **predecessor2**: John Thune
- **successor2**: Stephanie Herseth Sandlin
- **office3**: 25th South Dakota Attorney General, Attorney General of South Dakota
- **governor3**: Richard F. Kneip, Richard Kneip
Harvey L. Wollman, Harvey Wollman
- **term start3**: January 3, 1975
- **term end3**: January 1, 1979
- **predecessor3**: Kermit Sande
- **successor3**: Mark Meierhenry
- **birth name**: William John Janklow
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: , U.S.
- **death cause**: Brain cancer
- **resting place**: Black Hills National Cemetery
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Mary Dean Thom
- **alma mater**: University of South Dakota School of Law, University of South Dakota (Bachelor of Science, BS, Juris Doctor, JD)
- **profession**: Attorney
- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1956–1959
Gary Locke

**Gary Faye Locke** (born January 21, 1950) is an American politician. He was the 10th United States ambassador to China (2011–14). He was the 21st Governor of Washington (1997–2005) and served in the Obama administration as United States Secretary of Commerce (2009–11).

Locke is the first governor in the United States of East Asian descent, and is the only Chinese American ever to have served as a governor of any state. He was also the first Chinese American to serve as the U.S. ambassador to China.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gary Locke
- **native name lang**: zh-hant
- **image**: Gary Locke official portrait.jpg
- **office**: 10th United States Ambassador to China
- **president**: Barack Obama
- **term start**: August 16, 2011
- **term end**: March 1, 2014
- **predecessor**: Jon Huntsman Jr.
- **successor**: Max Baucus
- **office1**: 36th United States Secretary of Commerce
- **president1**: Barack Obama
- **deputy1**: Dennis Hightower
Rebecca Blank (acting)
- **term start1**: March 26, 2009
- **term end1**: August 1, 2011
- **predecessor1**: Carlos Gutierrez
- **successor1**: John Bryson
- **order2**: 21st List of governors of Washington, Governor of Washington
- **lieutenant2**: Brad Owen
- **term start2**: January 15, 1997
- **term end2**: January 12, 2005
- **predecessor2**: Mike Lowry
- **successor2**: Christine Gregoire
- **office3**: 5th King County Executive
- **term start3**: January 4, 1994
- **term end3**: January 15, 1997
- **predecessor3**: Tim Hill (politician), Tim Hill
- **successor3**: Ron Sims
- **state house4**: Washington
- **district4**: 37th
- **term start4**: January 10, 1983
- **term end4**: January 3, 1994
- **predecessor4**: Peggy Maxie
- **successor4**: Vivian Caver
- **birth name**: Gary Faye Locke
- **birth place**: Seattle, Washington (state), Washington, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Yale University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Boston University (Juris Doctor, JD)
Dixy Lee Ray

**Dixy Lee Ray** (September 3, 1914 – January 2, 1994) was an American scientist and politician. She was the 17th Governor of the U.S. state of Washington. She was the state's first female governor and was in office during the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. She was defeated in the Democratic primary in 1980 by Jim McDermott, who in turn lost the gubernatorial election to John Spellman.

Ray was born **Marguerite Ray ** in Tacoma, Washington, to Frances Adams Ray and Alvis Marion Ray, the second in a family of five girls. She joined the Girl Scouts and, at the age of 12, became the youngest girl, up to that time, to summit Mount Rainier.

In 1930, at age 16, she legally changed her name to "Dixy Lee". She chose "Lee" because of a family connection to Robert E. Lee.

In 1973, Ray was appointed chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) by President Richard Nixon. Under her leadership, research and development were separated from safety programs. She was appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs by President Gerald Ford in 1975, but resigned six months later, complaining about lack of input into department decision making.

Dixy Lee Ray died on January 2, 1994, at her home in Fox Island, Washington from pneumonia, aged 79. After her death, it was reported that employees of the Pierce County medical examiner's office had kept autopsy photos of Ray as souvenirs.

## Other websites

- Register of the Dixy Lee Ray Papers, 1937–1982

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dixy Lee Ray
- **image**: Dixy Lee Ray.jpg
- **order**: 17th List of governors of Washington, Governor of Washington
- **lieutenant**: John Cherberg
- **term start**: January 12, 1977
- **term end**: January 14, 1981
- **predecessor**: Daniel J. Evans, Daniel Evans
- **successor**: John Spellman
- **office1**: Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
- **president1**: Gerald Ford
- **term start1**: January 19, 1975
- **term end1**: June 20, 1975
- **predecessor1**: Position established
- **successor1**: Frederick Irving
- **office2**: Chair of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Atomic Energy Commission
- **president2**: Richard Nixon
Gerald Ford
- **term start2**: February 6, 1973
- **term end2**: January 18, 1975
- **predecessor2**: James R. Schlesinger, James Schlesinger
- **successor2**: Position abolished
- **birth name**: Marguerite Ray
- **birth place**: Tacoma, Washington, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **education**: Mills College
Stanford University
Booth Gardner

**Booth Gardner** (August 21, 1936 – March 15, 2013) was an American politician. He was the 19th governor of the U.S. state of Washington between 1985 and 1993. He also was the ambassador of the GATT. He was a Democrat.

Gardner died at his home in Tacoma, Washington on March 15, 2013, of Parkinson's disease. He was 76.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Booth Gardner
- **image**: Booth Gardner.jpg
- **order**: 19th List of governors of Washington, Governor of Washington
- **lieutenant**: John Cherberg
Joel Pritchard
- **term start**: January 16, 1985
- **term end**: January 13, 1993
- **predecessor**: John Spellman
- **successor**: Mike Lowry
- **office1**: Chair of the National Governors Association
- **term start1**: July 31, 1990
- **term end1**: August 20, 1991
- **predecessor1**: Terry Branstad
- **successor1**: John Ashcroft
- **office2**: 1st County executive, Executive of Pierce County, Washington, Pierce County
- **term start2**: May 1, 1981
- **term end2**: December 31, 1984
- **predecessor2**: Position established
- **successor2**: Joe Stortini
- **birth place**: Tacoma, Washington, U.S.
- **death place**: Tacoma, Washington, U.S.
- **death cause**: Parkinson's disease
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Jean Gardner
Cynthia Gardner
- **education**: University of Washington, University of Washington, Seattle
Harvard University
Cecil H. Underwood

**Cecil Harland Underwood** (November 5, 1922 – November 24, 2008) was an American Republican Party politician.

He was the 25th and 32nd Governor of West Virginia from 1957 to 1961, and from 1997 to 2001.

Underwood was both the youngest and the oldest person ever to serve as Governor of West Virginia. He was a Methodist.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Cecil H. Underwood.jpg
- **name**: Cecil H. Underwood
- **caption**: Underwood from _The Monticola_ (1959)
- **order**: 25th & 32nd
- **office**: Governor of West Virginia
- **term start**: January 13, 1997
- **term end**: January 15, 2001
- **predecessor**: Gaston Caperton
- **successor**: Bob Wise
- **term start2**: January 14, 1957
- **term end2**: January 16, 1961
- **predecessor2**: William C. Marland
- **successor2**: William Wallace Barron
- **birth name**: Cecil Harland Underwood
- **birth place**: Josephs Mills, West Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Charleston, West Virginia, U.S.
- **death cause**: Cerebral hemorrhage and congestive heart failure
- **profession**: Educator
- **party**: United States Republican Party, Republican
- **battles**: World War II
- **unit**: Reserves
Gaston Caperton

**William Gaston Caperton III** (born February 21, 1940) is an American politician. He was the 31st Governor of West Virginia from 1989 to 1997. He was president of the College Board, which administers the nationally recognized SAT and AP tests, from 1999 to 2012.

He is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Gaston Caperton
- **image**: Gaston Caperton 2010.jpg
- **office**: 31st List of Governors of West Virginia, Governor of West Virginia
- **term start**: January 16, 1989
- **term end**: January 13, 1997
- **predecessor**: Arch A. Moore Jr.
- **successor**: Cecil H. Underwood
- **birth name**: William Gaston Caperton III
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**:

- **education**: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Bob Wise

**Robert Ellsworth Wise Jr.** (born January 6, 1948) is an American politician. He is a member of the Democrat, Wise was the 33rd Governor of West Virginia from January 2001 to January 2005. He also was in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 until 2001.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Bob Wise
- **image**: Governor Bob Wise 2008 (cropped).jpg
- **order**: 33rd
- **office**: Governor of West Virginia
- **term start**: January 15, 2001
- **term end**: January 17, 2005
- **predecessor**: Cecil H. Underwood
- **successor**: Joe Manchin
- **order3**: Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from West Virginia's West Virginia's 3rd congressional district, 3rd district
- **term start3**: January 3, 1983
- **term end3**: January 3, 1993
- **predecessor3**: Mick Staton
- **successor3**: Nick Rahall
- **order2**: Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from West Virginia's West Virginia's 2nd congressional district, 2nd district
- **term start2**: January 3, 1993
- **term end2**: January 3, 2001
- **predecessor2**: Harley O. Staggers Jr.
- **successor2**: Shelley Moore Capito
- **state senate4**: West Virginia
- **district4**: 17th
- **term start4**: December 1, 1980
- **term end4**: December 9, 1982
- **predecessor4**: William T. Brotherton Jr.
- **successor4**: Tod J. Kaufman
- **birth name**: Robert Ellsworth Wise Jr.
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **residence**: Washington, D.C.
- **alma mater**: Duke University (Bachelor of Arts, B.A.)
Tulane University Law School (Juris Doctor, J.D.)
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
Sharon Pratt

**Sharon Pratt** (born January 30, 1944), formerly **Sharon Pratt Dixon** and  **Sharon Pratt Kelly**, is an American attorney and politician. She was the third Mayor of the District of Columbia from 1991 to 1995. Pratt was the first African American woman to serve as mayor of a major American city.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Sharon Pratt
- **image**: Sharon Pratt Kelly.jpg
- **office**: 3rd Mayor of the District of Columbia
- **term start**: January 2, 1991
- **term end**: January 2, 1995
- **predecessor**: Marion Barry
- **successor**: Marion Barry
- **office1**: Treasurer of the Democratic National Committee
- **term start1**: February 2, 1985
- **term end1**: February 10, 1989
- **predecessor1**: Paul G. Kirk, Paul Kirk
- **successor1**: Robert Farmer
- **birth name**: Sharon Pratt
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Arrington Dixon
James Kelly
- **children**: 2
- **education**: Howard University
Mayor of the District of Columbia

The **Mayor of the District of Columbia** is the head of the executive branch of the government of the District of Columbia, in the United States. The mayor has the duty to enforce district laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Council of the District of Columbia, in the United States. The mayor's office oversees an annual district budget of $8.8 billion.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Mayor
- **body**: the District of Columbia
- **flag**: Flag of Washington, D.C.svg
- **flagcaption**: Flag of the District of Columbia
- **insignia**: Seal of the District of Columbia.svg
- **insigniacaption**: Seal of the District of Columbia
- **image**: Mayor Bowser Headshot hi (cropped).jpg
- **alt**: Muriel Bowser
- **incumbent**: Muriel Bowser
- **incumbentsince**: January 2, 2015
- **termlength**: Four years, renewable
- **formation**: 1973
- **inaugural**: Walter Washington
- **website**: [http://mayor.dc.gov mayor.dc.gov]
Anthony A. Williams

**Anthony Allen Williams** (born July 28, 1951) is an American politician who was the fourth person to serve as Mayor of the District of Columbia, for two terms, from 1999 to 2007.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Anthony Williams
- **image**: Mayor Williams Anthony.jpg
- **office**: 4th Mayor of the District of Columbia
- **term start**: January 2, 1999
- **term end**: January 2, 2007
- **predecessor**: Marion Barry
- **successor**: Adrian Fenty
- **birth name**: Anthony Allen Williams
- **birth place**: Los Angeles County, California, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Diane Simmons
- **children**: 1
- **education**: Santa Clara University
Yale University (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Harvard University (Master of Public Policy, MPP, Juris Doctor, JD)
Flag of Washington, D.C.

The **flag of Washington, D.C.** is made up of three red stars above two red bars on a white background. It is an armorial banner based on the design of the coat of arms granted to George Washington's great-great-great-grandfather, Lawrence Washington.

## Infobox (flag)

- **name**: Washington, D.C.
- **article**: the
- **image**: Flag of Washington, D.C..svg
- **proportion**: 1:2
- **design**: Argent two Fess, bars Gules, in chief three Star (heraldry), mullets of the second.
- **designer**: Charles A. R. Dunn
 (Original Designer)
 Commissioner Melvin C. Hazen
 (Official Designer)
 Arthur E. Du Bois
 (Official Designer)
Togiola Tulafono

**Togiola Talalelei A. Tulafono** (born February 28, 1947) is an American Samoan politician and lawyer. He as the 56th Governor of American Samoa. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Tulafono did not run for governor in 2012 as he was term-limited and could not seek a third consecutive term. He was an unsuccessful candidate for American Samoa's at-large congressional district in 2014.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Togiola Tulafono
- **image**: Togiola Tulafono.jpg
- **order**: 56th List of governors of American Samoa, Governor of American Samoa
- **lieutenant**: Faoa Aitofele Sunia
- **term start**: March 26, 2003
- **term end**: January 3, 2013

- **predecessor**: Tauese Sunia
- **successor**: Lolo Matalasi Moliga
- **office1**: 7th Lieutenant Governor of American Samoa
- **governor1**: Tauese Sunia
- **term start1**: January 3, 1997
- **term end1**: March 26, 2003
- **predecessor1**: Tauese Sunia
- **successor1**: Faoa Aitofele Sunia
- **birth place**: Aunu'u, American Samoa, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Mary Ann Tulafono
- **children**: 5 daughters
1 son
- **education**: Chadron State College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Washburn University (Juris Doctor, JD)
Roy L. Schneider

**Roy Lester Schneider** (born May 13, 1939) is a physician in the United States Virgin Islands who was the fifth elected governor of that territory from January 5, 1995 to January 4, 1999. He was the fifth elected governor of that territory and the 26th overall.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Roy Schneider
- **order**: 5th List of governors of the United States Virgin Islands, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands
- **lieutenant**: Kenneth Mapp
- **term start**: January 2, 1995
- **term end**: January 4, 1999
- **predecessor**: Alexander Farrelly
- **successor**: Charles Wesley Turnbull
- **birth place**: Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, Saint Thomas, United States Virgin Islands, Virgin Islands, U.S.
- **party**: Independent Citizens Movement
- **otherparty**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Barbara Schneider
- **education**: Howard University (Bachelor of Science, BS, Doctor of Medicine, MD)
- **serviceyears**: 1966–1968
- **battles**: Vietnam War
- **mawards**: Bronze Star Medal, Bronze Star
Jan Stráský

**Jan Stráský** (24 December 1940 – 6 November 2019) was a Czech politician. He was the last Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia serving in 1992.

He died on November 6, 2019 in the Czech capital at age 78.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Ján Stráský
- **image**: Strasky.jpg
- **office**: List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
- **term start2**: 2 July 1992
- **term end2**: 31 December 1992
- **predecessor2**: Marián Čalfa
- **successor2**: **Office abolished**
- **party**: Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, KSČ (1964-1969)
Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic), ODS (1991-1998)
Freedom Union – Democratic Union, US–DEU (1998-2001)
- **birth place**: Plzeň, Pilsen, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
- **death place**: Štěrboholy, Prague, Czech Republic
2022 Australian federal election

{{Infobox election
| election_name      = 2022 Australian federal election
| country            = Australia
| type               = Parliamentary
| ongoing            = no
| previous_election  = 2019 Australian federal election
| previous_year      = 2019
| election_date      = 21 May 2022
| next_election      = 2025 Australian federal election
| next_year          = 2025
| registered         = 17,213,433
| turnout            = 15,461,379 (89.82%)
| seats_for_election = All 151 seats in the House of Representatives
76 seats are needed for a majority
40 (of the 76) seats in the Senate
| opinion_polls      = Opinion polling for the 2022 Australian federal election
| vote_type          = First preference

| image1         = {{CSS image crop|Image = Anthony Albanese portrait (cropped).jpg|bSize = 140|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 10}}
| leader1        = Anthony Albanese
| leader_since1  = {{start date|df=yes|2019|5|30}}
| party1         = Australian Labor Party
| leaders_seat1  = Grayndler (NSW)
| popular_vote1  = 4,776,030
| percentage1    = 32.58%
| swing1         = {{decrease}} 0.76%
| last_election1 = 68 seats, 33.34%
| seats1         = **77 seats**
| seat_change1   = {{Increase}} 9

| image2         = {{CSS image crop|Image = Scott Morrison portrait.jpg|bSize = 140|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 10}}
| leader2        = Scott Morrison
| party2         = Liberal/National Coalition
| color2 = 0018A8
| leader_since2  = {{start date|df=yes|2018|8|24}}
| leaders_seat2  = Cook (NSW)
| popular_vote2  = **5,233,334**
| percentage2    = **35.70%**
| swing2         = {{decrease}} 5.74%
| last_election2 = 77 seats, 41.44%
| seats2         = 58 seats
| seat_change2   = {{decrease}} 19
Rebekha Sharkie

**Rebekha Carina Che Sharkie** (born 24 August 1972) is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian House of Representatives, representing the Division of Mayo in South Australia.

At the 2016 federal election she defeated Liberal Jamie Briggs, and was the first Centre Alliance member to be elected to the Australian House of Representatives.

On 11 May 2018, Sharkie resigned from the House of Representatives as a part of the 2017–18 Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis. She contested the 2018 Mayo by-election on 28 July, and was returned to parliament.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rebekha Sharkie
- **honorific-suffix**: Australian House of Representatives, MP
- **image**: Rebekha Sharkie House.jpg
- **constituency mp**: Division of Mayo, Mayo
- **parliament**: Australian
- **term start**: 28 July 2018
- **term start1**: 2 July 2016
- **term end1**: 11 May 2018
- **predecessor1**: Jamie Briggs
- **birth name**: Rebekha Carina Che
- **birth place**: Torbay, England, United Kingdom
- **party**: Centre Alliance (2013–present)
- **otherparty**: Australian Democrats, Democrat (1990–2002)
Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal (2010–2012)
- **children**: 3
- **residence**: Birdwood, South Australia
- **alma mater**: Flinders University
- **occupation**: Legal researcher
(Liberal Party of Australia)
Policy advisory, Policy adviser
(Department for Communities and Social Inclusion)
- **profession**: Paralegal
Coalition (Australia)

The **Liberal–National Coalition** was an alliance of centre-right political parties that forms one of the two major groupings in Australian federal politics. Its main opponent is the Australian Labor Party (ALP), until it collapsed in 2025 after a historic defeat at that year's election.

The Coalition was in government from the 2013 federal election until their defeat in the 2022 federal election. During that time, the group was led by Prime Ministers Tony Abbott, Malcolm Turnbull, and Scott Morrison.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: The Coalition
- **leader**: Angus Taylor
- **position**: Centre-right politics, Centre-right
- **headquarters**: Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, ACT
- **country**: Australia
- **leader1 title**: Deputy leader
- **seats1 title**: House of Representatives (Australia), House of Representatives
- **seats2 title**: Australian Senate, Senate
Katter's Australian Party

**Katter's Australian Party** (**KAP**) is a political party in Australia. It was formed by the independent and former Nationals Member of Parliament for Kennedy Bob Katter, with a registration application lodged to the Australian Electoral Commission in 2011.

Katter has been the party's federal parliamentary leader since that time, while his son Robbie is the leader in Queensland.

In February 2020, Bob Katter handed the leadership of the party to his son Robbie Katter, a Queensland state MP.

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Katter's Australian Party
- **abbreviation**: KAP
- **logo**: KAP2016logo.png
- **leader**: Robbie Katter
- **split**: National Party of Australia, National
Liberal National Party of Queensland, LNP
- **ideology**: Agrarian Socialism
Protectionism

Social conservatism
Nationalism, Australian nationalism

Economic nationalism
Rural area, Rural interests
Agrarianism
Christian democracy
Populism
- **country**: Australia
- **founder**: Bob Katter
- **position**: Syncretic
- **colours**: Dark red
- **seats1 title**: Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives
- **seats2 title**: Parliament of Queensland, Queensland Parliament
Centre Alliance

**Centre Alliance**, formerly known as the **Nick Xenophon Team** (**NXT**), is a centrist Australian political party based in the state of South Australia. It presently holds one seat in the House of Representatives of Australia.

## Electoral History

|Election|Votes|%|Swing|Seats|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2016|250.333|1.85|1.85||
|2019|46,931|0.33|1.55||
|2022|36,500|0.25|0.08||
|2025|37,453|0.24|0.01||

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Centre Alliance
- **logo**: Centre Alliance logo.png
- **foundation**: as Nick Xenophon Team
- **ideology**: Social liberalism

Populism
- **website**: [https://centrealliance.org.au/ centrealliance.org.au]
- **country**: Australia
- **colours**: Orange (colour), Orange and black
- **position**: Centrism, Centre
- **slogan**: _Working in Australia's interests_
- **seats1 title**: Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives
- **seats2 title**: Australian Senate, Senate
- **founder**: Nick Xenophon
Pauline Hanson's One Nation

**Pauline Hanson's One Nation** (**PHON** or **ONP)**, also known as **One Nation** or **One Nation Party**, is a political party in Australia. One Nation was founded in 1997, by member of parliament Pauline Hanson and her advisors David Ettridge and David Oldfield.

The party's founding came before the 1996 federal election when Pauline Hanson was removed as the Liberal Party Candidate because of comments she made about Indigenous Australians. Hanson sat as an independent for one year before forming Pauline Hanson's One Nation.

## Infobox (political party)

- **logo**: Newonenationlogo1.jpg
- **logo size**: 210px
- **name**: Pauline Hanson's One Nation
- **abbreviation**: One Nation
- **president**: Pauline Hanson
- **general secretary**: Rod Miles
- **headquarters**: 17/109 Holt St, Eagle Farm, Queensland, Eagle Farm, Brisbane, Queensland
- **colours**: Orange
- **seats1 title**: Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives
- **seats2 title**: Australian Senate, Senate
- **seats3 title**: State and territory lower houses
- **seats4 title**: State and territory upper houses
- **youth wing**: Young Nation
- **country**: Australia
- **founder**: Pauline Hanson
Fayette County, Kentucky

**Fayette County** is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 322,570, making it the second-most populous county in the state. The city of Lexington is the county seat.

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Fayette County
- **state**: Kentucky
- **type**: Consolidated city-county
- **official name**: Lexington-Fayette Urban County
- **founded year**: 1780
- **seat wl**: Lexington
- **largest city wl**: Lexington
- **area total sq mi**: 286
- **area land sq mi**: 284
- **area water sq mi**: 1.9
- **area percentage**: 0.7%
- **census yr**: 2020
- **pop**: 322570
- **density sq mi**: auto
- **time zone**: Eastern
- **web**: www.lexingtonky.gov
- **named for**: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
- **ex image**: Robert F. Stephens Courthouse, Fayette County Kentucky.jpg
- **ex image cap**: Robert F. Stephens Courthouse Complex in Lexington
- **district**: 6th
Bukit Batok MRT station

**Bukit Batok MRT Station (NS2)** is an MRT station located along the North South MRT Line in Singapore. It was located within Bukit Batok Town Centre and is connected to Bukit Batok bus interchange.

## History

The station opened on 10 March 1990, as part of the Branch Line. The code of station was B1. When the Woodlands Extension opened in 1996, the code was changed to N23, and later to NS2 in 2001.

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **image**: NS2 Bukit Batok MRT Station Platform level 202412.jpg
- **image caption**: Platform level of the Bukit Batok MRT station.
- **address**: 10 Bukit Batok Central
Singapore 659958
- **other**: Bukit Batok Bus Interchange, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: 2 (1 island platform)
- **levels**: 1
- **tracks**: 2
- **parking**: Yes (West Mall)
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation)
- **former**: Bukit Batok South
Bukit Gombak MRT station

**Bukit Gombak MRT station (NS3)** is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line in Bukit Batok, Singapore.

## History

This station was a temporary terminus from 18 to 19 September 2010 during the Jurong East Modification Project upgrade and during the late openings of the MRT on Sundays from June to November 2016.

## Related pages

- Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **image**: NS3 Bukit Gombak MRT Station Platform 202412 2.jpg
- **image caption**: Platform B of Bukit Gombak MRT station
- **address**: 802 Bukit Batok West Avenue 5
Singapore 659083
- **other**: Bus, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: 2 (1 island platform)
- **levels**: 1
- **tracks**: 2
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation)
- **former**: Bukit Batok North
Brickland MRT station

**Brickland MRT station (NS3A)** is a future Mass Rapid Transit station on the North South line in Choa Chu Kang, Singapore.

## History

The station was first announced on 25 May 2019 as part of the Land Transport Authority's (LTA) Land Transport Master Plan 2040.

## Related pages

- Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: 2 (2 side platforms)
- **opening**: mid-2030s
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation)
- **owned**: Land Transport Authority
Sungei Kadut MRT station

**Sungei Kadut MRT station** (**NS6/DT**) is a future Mass Rapid Transit interchange station on the North South MRT line and Downtown MRT line, in Sungei Kadut, Singapore.

## History

This station was first proposed in 1990 as part of the North South Line Woodlands Extension. However, it was not built as there was not enough demand.

As announced on 25 May 2019, this station is a part of the Land Transport Master Plan (LTMP) 2040 by the Land Transport Authority (LTA).

## Related pages

- Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **structure**: Elevated (North South line)
Underground (Downtown line)
- **platform**: Side (North South Line)
- **levels**: 2
- **opening**: mid-2030s
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation) (North South Line)
SBS Transit DTL (ComfortDelGro Corporation) (Downtown Line)
- **owned**: Land Transport Authority
Maria Fire

The **Maria Fire** was a wildfire that burned in the area of Somis, California, on the top of South Mountain, in Ventura County.

## Infobox (wildfire)

- **title**: Maria Fire
- **location**: Santa Paula, California, Santa Paula, Ventura County, California, Ventura County, California
- **pushpin map**: USA California Southern
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Southern California
- **buildings**: 4 damaged
- **cause**: downed electric power line owned by California Resources Corporation during extreme wind conditions
Tick Fire

The **Tick Fire** was a wildfire. It burned in Los Angeles County, California from October 24, 2019 to October 31, 2019. It burned several thousand acres.

There was a mass evacuation of about 40,000 people from the Santa Clarita valley.

## Infobox (wildfire)

- **title**: Tick Fire
- **date**: – October 31, 2019
- **location**: Los Angeles County, California
- **buildings**: 22
- **cause**: caused by Santa Ana winds
Yew Tee MRT station

**Yew Tee MRT station (NS5)** is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line in Choa Chu Kang, Singapore.

## History

The station was built in 1995, along with the five other stations of the North South Line Woodlands Extension. The two-storey station building, with a simple design and a kampung-style roof, was officially opened on 10 February 1996. The construction of the station affected 16 factories as land between the Yew Tee and Kranji MRT stations was bought by the government. The station was called Choa Chu Kang North. It was renamed Yew Tee in 1994.

## Related pages

- Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

## Infobox (station)

- **type**: Rapid transit
- **image**: NS5 Yew Tee MRT Station Platform 202412.jpg
- **image caption**: Yew Tee MRT.
- **address**: 61 Choa Chu Kang Drive
Singapore 689715
- **other**: Bus, Taxi
- **structure**: Elevated
- **platform**: 2 (1 island platform)
- **levels**: 1
- **tracks**: 2
- **parking**: Yes (Yew Tee Point)
- **electrified**: Yes
- **ada**: Yes
- **operator**: SMRT Trains (SMRT Corporation)
- **former**: Choa Chu Kang North
Duane Vermeulen

**Duane Vermeulen** is a Rugby Union player. He is won the Currie Cup twice. He plays for the South African national team.
Gabriel Jackson

**Gabriel Jackson** (March 10, 1921 – November 3, 2019) was an American Hispanist, historian and journalist. He was born in Mount Vernon, New York. He was a Professor Emeritus at University of California, San Diego. Jackson was a regular collaborator of the Spanish daily _El País_ for many years.

In 1966 he was awarded the American Historical Association's Herbert Baxter Adams Prize.

Jackson died on November 3, 2019 at his home in Eugene, Oregon at the age of 98.
Margarita Salas

**Margarita Salas Falgueras, 1st Marchioness of Canero** (30 November 1938 – 7 November 2019) was a Spanish scientist. She worked in the fields of Biochemistry, and Molecular genetics. Salas was born in Valdés, Asturias, Spain. In 1998, she won the Premio México de Ciencia y Tecnología.

Salas was a member of Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences, European Academy of Sciences and Arts, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Academy of Microbiology, United States National Academy of Sciences, and the Severo Ochoa Foundation. She was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1988.

Salas was elected to Seat _i_ of the Real Academia Española on 20 December 2001, she left her seat on 4 June 2003.

Salas died on 7 November 2019 in Madrid at the age of 80.
Nabaneeta Dev Sen

**Nabaneeta Dev Sen** (13 January 1938 – 7 November 2019) was an Indian poet, novelist and academic.

Sen published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. Her first collection of poems _Pratham Pratyay_ was published in 1959.

She was married to economist Amartya Sen from 1958 until their divorce in 1976.

Sen died at her home in Kolkata of lung cancer on 7 November 2019 at the age of 81.

## Other websites

- The Times of India biog on Nabaneeta Deb Sen

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Nabaneeta Dev Sen
- **image**: Nabaneeta Dev Sen - Kolkata 2013-02-03 4364 (cropped).JPG
- **birth place**: Kolkata, Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, Bengal, British India
- **death place**: Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- **occupation**: Novelist, children's author, poet, academic
- **nationality**: Indian
- **children**: Antara Dev Sen (daughter)
Nandana Sen (daughter)
- **awards**: Padmashri, Padma Shri (2000),
Sahitya Akademi Award (1999),
Kamal Kumari National Award (2004)
Liliana Segre

**Liliana Segre**  (; born 10 September 1930) is an Italian politician. She was a Senator for Life named by President Sergio Mattarella on 19 January 2018.

Segre was born in Milan to a Jewish family. In 1943 she was arrested and deported to  Auschwitz. After 1990 she started to speak to the public, especially young people, about her experience.
Luciano Gasperini

**Luciano Gasperini** (born 15 June 1935) is an Italian venetist politician. He was a senator for Liga Veneta–Lega Nord from Veneto from 1996 to 2001. He was chairman of the party's group from 1999 to 2000 and in 1999 he was the party's candidate for the post of President of the Italian Republic.

In 1999 and 2004 he was candidate for Mayor of Padua. From 2002 to 2005 he was federal president of the party. He worked in the Silvio Berlusconi's governments from 2004 through 2006.
Umberto Bossi

**Umberto Bossi** (born 19 September 1941) is an Italian politician. He is the former leader of the Northern League. He was a critic of the European Union.

Bossi was an unsuccessful candidate for president in 2006, loosing to Giorgio Napolitano.

He was found guilty of embezzlement of hundreds of thousands of euros in public funds. Bossi was sentenced to two years and six months' imprisonment in July 2017.

## Infobox (prime minister)

- **name**: Umberto Bossi
- **image**: File:Umberto Bossi datisenato 2018.jpg
- **office**: List of Federal Secretaries of Lega Nord, Federal Secretary of Northern League
- **term start**: 4 December 1989
- **term end**: 5 April 2012
- **predecessor**: _None_
- **successor**: Roberto Maroni
- **order1**: Minister for Federal Reforms
- **term start1**: 8 May 2008
- **term end1**: 16 November 2011
- **primeminister1**: Silvio Berlusconi
- **predecessor1**: Vannino Chiti
- **order2**: Minister for Institutional Reforms and Devolution
- **term start2**: 11 June 2001
- **term end2**: 19 July 2004
- **primeminister2**: Silvio Berlusconi
- **predecessor2**: Antonio Maccanico
- **successor2**: Roberto Calderoli
- **birth place**: Cassano Magnago, Kingdom of Italy, Italy
- **nationality**: Italians, Italian
- **children**: Riccardo, Renzo Bossi, Renzo, Roberto Libertà, Eridano Sirio
- **spouse**: Manuela Marrone
- **party**: Lega Nord, Northern League
Jürgen Mossack

**Jürgen Rolf Dieter Mossack** (born 20 March 1948) is a German-born Panamanian lawyer. He is the co-founder of Mossack Fonseca (along with Ramón Fonseca Mora), a former law firm headquartered in Panama City.

The Moccasck and his firm became globally known in 2016 when it found itself at the centre of the so-called Panama Papers affair, It uncovered the activities of the offshore finance industry. Mossack Fonseca set up more than 214,000 shell companies around the world, some of which were found to have been used for illegal purposes, including fraud and tax evasion.

In 2017, he was arrested and jailed in February 2017.

In March 2018, the firm announced it was shutting down.

Gary Oldman played him in a Netflix movie about the Panama Papers titled _The Laundromat_ (2019).

In Octobre 2020, prosecutors in Cologne, Germany, issued international arrest warrants for Jürgen Mossack and associate Ramón Fonseca Mora, The charges against them include complicity in tax evasion and forming an organization criminal, the company being considered a central element of the investigation.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Jurgen Mossack.jpg
- **name**: Jürgen Mossack
- **birth name**: Jürgen Rolf Dieter Mossack
- **birth place**: Fürth, Bavaria, Germany
- **nationality**: Panamian, German
- **alma mater**: Universidad Católica Santa María La Antigua
- **known for**: co-founder of Mossack Fonseca
- **parents**: Erhard Mossack
Ramón Fonseca Mora

**Ramón Fonseca Mora** (14 July 1952 – 8 May 2024) was a Panamanian novelist and lawyer. He was the co-founder of Mossack Fonseca, a former law firm based in Panama with more than 40 offices worldwide.

## Career

He was minister-counselor of Juan Carlos Varela, and president of the Panameñista Party until he was fired in March 2016, due to the Brazilian Operation Car Wash.

In 2016, the law firm he owned was raided by police on due to money-laundering, bribery and corruption. Fonseca and his partner Jürgen Mossack were arrested and jailed in February 2017.

The Moccasck and his firm became globally known in 2016 when it found itself at the centre of the so-called Panama Papers affair, It uncovered the activities of the offshore finance industry. Mossack Fonseca set up more than 214,000 shell companies around the world, some of which were found to have been used for illegal purposes, including fraud and tax evasion.

Antonio Banderas played him in a Netflix movie about the Panama Papers titled _The Laundromat_ (2019).

On October 20, 2020, prosecutors in Cologne, Germany, issued international arrest warrants for Fonseca and his German-born legal associate, Jürgen Mossack. Charges against them include complicity in tax evasion and forming a criminal organization, with the company seen as a central part of the investigation.

## Death

Mora died on 8 May 2024 from pneumonia at a hospital in Panama City, Panama at the age of 71.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Ramon Fonseca.jpg
- **name**: Ramón Fonseca Mora
- **birth place**: Panama City, Panama
- **death place**: Panama City, Panama
- **death cause**: Pneumonia
- **nationality**: Panamanian
- **alma mater**: University of Panama
London School of Economics
- **occupation**: novelist and lawyer
- **known for**: co-founder of Mossack Fonseca
- **website**: [http://www.fonsecamora.com/ www.fonsecamora.com/]
Operation Car Wash

**Operation Car Wash** () is an ongoing criminal investigation by the Federal Police of Brazil, Curitiba Branch. It was initially judicially headed by Judge Sérgio Moro, and in 2019 by Judge Luiz Antonio Bonat.

It was a money laundering investigation, it expanded to investigate corruption, with corruption inside itself, at Petrobras, where executives allegedly accepted bribes in return for awarding contracts to construction firms at inflated prices. The investigation is called "Operation Car Wash" because it was first uncovered at a car wash in Brasília.

At least eleven other countries, mostly in Latin America, were involved, and the Brazilian company Odebrecht was deeply implicated.

Lava Jato indicted and jailed some well-known politicians, including former presidents Fernando Collor de Mello, Michel Temer and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who was eventually freed. Other South American presidents were also implicated such as Peru's Ollanta Humala, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski and Alan Garcia.

During the governments of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and Néstor Kirchner, Odebrecht was awarded overvalued contracts worth at least US$9.6 billion.
The Laundromat (movie)

***The Laundromat*** is a 2019 American biographical comedy-drama movie directed by Steven Soderbergh. The screenplay was written by Scott Z. Burns. It stars Meryl Streep, Gary Oldman, Antonio Banderas, Jeffrey Wright, David Schwimmer, Robert Patrick, Matthias Schoenaerts, James Cromwell, and Sharon Stone.

The movie had its world premiere at the Venice Film Festival on September 1, 2019. It was released theatrically on September 27, 2019, before being released for digital streaming on October 18, 2019, by Netflix. The movie has received mixed reviews from critics.

The two men at the center of the movie, Jürgen Mossack and Ramón Fonseca Mora sued Netflix on October 16, 2019, trying to block the movie's release. They argued that the movie defamed them, but a judge dismissed the case.
USS Somerset (LPD-25)

The **USS _Somerset**_ is a troop transport ship serving in the United States Navy. Steel from the ruins of the 9/11 attacks was made into pure steel and then remade into the ship's hull.