juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign

The **2012 reelection campaign of Barack Obama**, the 44th President of the United States, was formally announced on April 4, 2011. Along with his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden.

Barack Obama ran in the general election against former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, along with many minor candidates from other parties.  The election took place on Tuesday, November 6, 2012.

Obama's campaign headquarters was in Chicago and key members of his successful campaign in 2008, such as Jim Messina and David Axelrod, returned to staff it.

On the day of the announcement, the campaign released a promotional video showing supporters of Obama organizing for the re-election effort. As _The Guardian_ newspaper noted, this was the first U.S. presidential reelection campaign to use Facebook and Twitter for promotion.

Between early-2011 and June 30, 2012, the Obama campaign and supporters spent about $400 million, according to the Federal Election Commission. Obama won his reelection bid by a margin of 51.06 to 47.21%. This was the first time since 1944, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt won re-election, that a Democratic president had won by a majority of the electoral votes and over 51% of the popular vote twice.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Obama for America
- 2012
- **logo**:
- **campaign**: 2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2012 Democratic primaries
2012 United States presidential election, 2012 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: **Barack Obama**
President of the United States
**Joe Biden**
Vice President of the United States
- **cand id**: P80003338
- **fec date**: 2012-12-31
- **status**: Announced: April 4, 2011
 Presumptive nominee: April 3, 2012
 Official nominee: September 6, 2012
Won election: November 6, 2012
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **headquarters**: 130 East Randolph Street
 Chicago, IL 60601
- **key people**: Jim Messina (political staffer), Jim Messina (Campaign Chairman)
David Axelrod (political consultant), David Axelrod (Senior Strategist)
Harper Reed (Chief Technology Officer)
Michael Slaby (Chief Integration and Innovation Officer)
 Stephanie Cutter (Deputy Campaign Manager)
  Brent Colburn (Communications Director)
 Matthew Barzun (Finance Chairman)
 Ben LaBolt (National Press Secretary)
 Rufus Gifford (Finance Director)
- **receipts**: 738,503,770
George H. W. Bush 1988 presidential campaign

The **1988 presidential campaign of George H. W. Bush** began on October 13, 1987, when Bush, then the sitting Vice President of the United States, announced he was running for the Republican Party's nomination in the 1988 U.S. presidential election.

Bush won the 1988 election against Democratic nominee Michael Dukakis on November 8, 1988. He was inaugurated as president on January 20, 1989.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Bush–Quayle '88
- **logo**: Bush Quayle 1988 campaign logo.svg
- **campaign**: 1988 Republican Party presidential primaries, 1988 Republican primaries
1988 United States presidential election, 1988 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: **George H. W. Bush**

- **affiliation**: Republican Party (United States), Republican Party
- **status**: Won election; November 8, 1988
- **headquarters**: Washington, D.C.
- **key people**: Lee Atwater (campaign manager), Roger Ailes (media director)
- **slogan**: Experienced Leadership For America's Future
Michael Dukakis 1988 presidential campaign

The **1988 presidential campaign of Michael Dukakis** began when he announced his candidacy for the Democratic Party's 1988 presidential nomination on March 16, 1987, in a speech in Boston.

After winning the nomination, he became the Democratic Party's nominee at the party's convention in Atlanta, Georgia on July 21, 1988. He lost the 1988 election to his Republican opponent George H. W. Bush, who was the sitting Vice President at the time.

Dukakis won 10 states and the District of Columbia, receiving a total of 111 electoral votes compared to Bush's 426 (Dukakis would have received 112, but one faithless elector who was pledged to him voted for Bentsen for president and Dukakis for vice president instead out of protest). Dukakis received 46% of the popular vote to Bush's 54%.

Many commentators blamed Dukakis' loss on the embarrassing photograph of him in a tank taken on September 13, 1988. Much of the blame was also laid on Dukakis' campaign, which was criticized for being poorly managed despite being well funded.

He would have been the first Greek American President.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Dukakis for President
- **logo**: File:Michael Dukakis presidential campaign, 1988.png
- **campaign**: 1988 United States presidential election, 1988 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: Michael Dukakis
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **status**: Lost election: November 8, 1988
- **headquarters**: Boston, Massachusetts
- **key people**: Susan Estrich (campaign manager)
- **slogan**: We’re on your side
 Good jobs at good wages

Because the Best America has yet to Come
- **successor**: Bill Clinton presidential campaign, 1992, Bill Clinton
Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign

The **1992 presidential campaign of Bill Clinton**, then Governor of Arkansas, was announced on October 3, 1991 in Little Rock, Arkansas.

After winning a majority of delegates in the Democratic primaries of 1992, the campaign announced that then-junior Senator from Tennessee, Al Gore, would be Clinton's running mate.

The Clinton-Gore ticket went on to defeat Republican incumbent President George H. W. Bush and Vice President Dan Quayle in the presidential election on November 3, 1992, and took office as the 42nd President and 45th Vice President on January 20, 1993.

## Other websites

- Bill Clinton announcement speech
- Bill Clinton acceptance speech
- _Booknotes_ interview with P.F. Bentley on _Clinton: Portrait of Victory_, January 17, 1993.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Clinton-Gore '92
- **logo**:
- **campaign**: 1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1992 Democratic primaries
1992 United States presidential election, 1992 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: **Bill Clinton**
List of Governors of Arkansas, Governor of Arkansas
(1979–1981, 1983–1992)
**Al Gore**
 United States Senate, U.S. Senator from Tennessee
(1985–1993)
- **cand id**: P00003392
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **status**: Announced: October 3, 1991
 Presumptive nominee: June 2, 1992
 Official nominee: July 16, 1992
 Won election: November 3, 1992
- **headquarters**: Little Rock, Arkansas
- **key people**: David Wilhelm (Campaign manager)
 James Carville (Chief strategist)
 George Stephanopoulos (Senior strategist, Communications director & Spokesperson)
 Paul Begala (Senior strategist)
 Harold M. Ickes (Senior strategist)
 Rahm Emanuel (Finance director)
 Dee Dee Myers (Media strategist)
 Mandy Grunwald (Media strategist)
 Mickey Kantor (General counsel)
 Stan Greenberg (Pollster)
- **slogan**: For people for change
 Putting People First
 It's the economy stupid!
Walter Mondale 1984 presidential campaign

The **1984 presidential campaign of Walter Mondale**, a former Minnesota senator and Vice President of the United States, began  on February 21, 1983, when Mondale announced that he was running for president in a speech at the Minnesota State Capitol.

Mondale won the Democratic Party's presidential nomination after convincing Frank Lautenberg to support him. Lautenberg's vote gave Mondale the 1,967 delegate votes needed to become the Democratic Party's nominee.

Mondale lost the general election, held on November 6, 1984, to incumbent Republican President Ronald Reagan in a landslide.

## Infobox (u.s. federal election campaign)

- **committee**: Mondale for President
- **logo**: Mondale Ferraro bumper sticker 1.jpg
- **campaign**: 1984 United States presidential election, 1984 U.S. presidential election
- **candidate**: Walter Mondale
- **affiliation**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party
- **status**: Lost election: November 6, 1984
- **headquarters**: Boston, Massachusetts
- **key people**: Bob Beckel (campaign manager)
- **slogan**: America Needs a Change
- **successor**: Michael Dukakis presidential campaign, 1988, Michael Dukakis
Antonio Guzmán Fernández

**Silvestre Antonio Guzmán Fernández** (February 12, 1911 – July 4, 1982), best known as ** Antonio Guzmán**, was a Dominican businessman and a politician. He was the 46th President of the Dominican Republic, from 1978 to 1982.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Antonio Guzmán
- **order**:  46th List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic, President of the Dominican Republic
- **term start**: August 16, 1978
- **term end**: July 4, 1982
- **vicepresident**: Jacobo Majluta Azar
- **predecessor**: Joaquín Balaguer
- **successor**: Jacobo Majluta Azar, Jacobo Majluta
- **birth date**: February 12, 1911
- **birth place**: Concepción de la Vega, La Vega, Dominican Republic
- **death cause**: Suicide by firearm
- **death date**: July 4, 1982 (aged 71)
- **death place**: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- **nationality**: Dominican Republic, Dominican
- **party**: Dominican Revolutionary Party
- **profession**: Agronomist,
businessman
politician
- **blank1**: Infant baptism, Christening
- **data1**: May 4, 1911
Jacobo Majluta Azar

**Jacobo Majluta Azar** (October 9, 1934 – March 2, 1996) was a Dominican politician. He was Vice President of the Dominican Republic during the Antonio Guzmán Fernández presidency between 1978 and 1982. He became President of the Dominican Republic after Guzmán Fernández killed himself in 1982. He was president for a month between July to August 1982.

Majluta Azar died on March 2, 1996 in Tampa, Florida of lung cancer.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Jacobo Majluta Azar
- **image**: Jacobo Majluta Azar.JPG
- **order**:  47th List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic, President of the Dominican Republic
- **term start**: July 4, 1982
- **term end**: August 16, 1982
- **vicepresident**: None
- **predecessor**: Antonio Guzmán Fernández, Antonio Guzmán
- **successor**: Salvador Jorge Blanco
- **title1**: 32nd Vice President of the Dominican Republic
- **term start1**: August 16, 1978
- **term end1**: July 4, 1982
- **president1**: Antonio Guzmán Fernández, Antonio Guzmán
- **predecessor1**: Carlos R. Goico
- **successor1**: None
- **birth date**: October 9, 1934
- **birth place**: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- **death date**: March 2, 1996 (aged 61)
- **death place**: Tampa, Florida,
- **party**: Dominican Revolutionary Party, Revolutionary
- **otherparty**: Independent Revolutionary Party, Independent Revolutionary
- **spouse**: Ana Elisa Villanueva, Ana Elisa Aurora Villanueva Callot
- **children**: 1 daughter
- **father**: Jacobo Majluta Sgallar
- **mother**: Elena Azar Azar
- **residence**: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- **alma mater**: Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo
- **profession**: Accountant
Luis Abinader

**Luis Rodolfo Abinader Corona** (born 12 July 1967) is a Dominican economist and politician. In 2020, he was elected President of the Dominican Republic. He was the Modern Revolutionary Party candidate for President of the Dominican Republic in the 2016, 2020 general elections, and 2024 general elections.

## Related pages

- List of scientists from North America

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **office**: List of presidents of the Dominican Republic, President of the Dominican Republic
- **vicepresident**: :w:es:Raquel Peña de Antuña, Raquel Peña de Antuña
- **predecessor**: Danilo Medina
- **term start**: 16 August 2020
- **name**: Luis Abinader
- **image**: Luis Abinader (25-04-2024).jpg
- **caption**: Luis Abinader in 2024
- **birth name**: Luis Rodolfo Abinader Corona
- **birth place**: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- **alma mater**: Hult International Business School
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo
- **party**: Modern Revolutionary Party
- **otherparty**: Dominican Revolutionary Party
- **spouse**: Raquel Arbaje
- **children**: Esther Patricia, Graciela Lucía, Adriana Margarita
- **mother**: Sula Corona
- **father**: José Rafael Abinader
Sybil Wettasinghe

Kala Keerthi **Sybil Wettasinghe** () (31 October 1927 – 1 July 2020) was a Sri Lankan children's book writer and an illustrator. Wettasinghe wrote more than 200 children's books which have been translated into several languages. Two of her best known works are "Child In Me" and "Eternally Yours". She was born in Galle, Sri Lanka.

Wettasinghe died at a hospital in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Sri Lanka on 1 July 2020 from heart failure, aged 92.
Alberto Bachelet

**Alberto Arturo Miguel Bachelet Martínez** (; 27 April 1923 – 13 March 1974) was a Chilean Brigadier General of the Chilean Air Force.

He was against the 1973 coup of General Augusto Pinochet, and was imprisoned and tortured for several months until his death in 1974 of a heart attack while in prison.

His daughter Michelle Bachelet has been twice elected President of Chile.

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: Alberto Bachelet
- **image**: Alberto Bachelet.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **birth place**: Santiago, Chile
- **death place**: Santiago, Chile
- **birth name**: Alberto Arturo Miguel Bachelet Martínez
- **rank**: Brigadier General
- **relations**: Michelle Bachelet
2020 Kyushu floods

Record breaking heavy rain hit the prefectures of Kumamoto and Kagoshima in the southern Japanese island of Kyūshū on 4 July 2020. As a result of flooding and landslides, 49 people were confirmed dead. Fourteen of the victims were the residents of an old age home in Kuma, Kumamoto that was flooded.

## Related pages

- 2018 Japan floods
2020 Russian constitutional referendum

A referendum to reform the Constitution of Russia was held from 25 June to 1 July 2020. President Vladimir Putin proposed the referendum during his address to the Federal Assembly on 15 January 2020.

The referendum is legally referred to as an "All-Russian vote" (), for it is not held in accordance with the Federal Constitutional Law on the Referendum.

The amendments include sweeping changes to the constitution, including allowing Putin to run again for two more six-year presidential terms.

Originally scheduled for 22 April, the vote was postponed to a later date due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. It had been noted that the initial vote date coincided with the 150th anniversary of Vladimir Lenin's birth.

According to official results, 79% of voters supported the changes to the constitution. There have been allegations and reports of irregularities.
Iqbal Theba

**Iqbal Theba** (pronounced ; born December 20, 1963) is a Pakistani-American actor. Theba is known for his role as Principal Figgins in the musical show _Glee_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Iqbal Theba
- **image**: Iqbal Theba 2012 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Theba in October 2012
- **birth place**: Karachi, Pakistan
- **occupation**: Acting, Actor
- **children**: 2
The Boy with Green Hair

***The Boy with Green Hair*** is a 1948 American family drama movie directed by first time director Joseph Losey and based on the 1946 short story of the same name by Betsy Beaton. It stars Pat O'Brien, Robert Ryan, Dean Stockwell, Barbara Hale, Walter Catlett, Teddy Infuhr and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.
Ah, Wilderness!

***Ah, Wilderness!*** is a 1935 American comedy drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and is based on the 1933 play of the same name by Eugene O'Neill. It stars Wallace Beery, Lionel Barrymore, Mickey Rooney, Cecilia Parker, Eric Linden, Aline MacMahon, Spring Byington and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Countdown (1968 movie)

***Countdown*** is a 1968 American science fiction movie directed by Robert Altman and based on the 1964 novel _The Pilgrim Project_ by Hank Searls. It stars Robert Duvall, James Caan, Joanna Moore, Michael Murphy, Ted Knight, Barbara Baxley, Steve Ihnat and was distributed by Warner Bros.
Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury

**Dr. Shirin Sharmin Chowdhury**. (Born: 7 October 1966) is a Bangladeshi politician.  She was elected as the first woman speaker in the history of Bangladesh, including the Speaker of the Ninth National Assembly, on April 30, 2013. At the age of 46, she replaced former Speaker and current President Advocate Abdul Hamid as the youngest Speaker. She was the Minister of State. She was elected as a Member of Parliament in the Eleventh Parliamentary Election held on 30 December 2018 and re-elected as the Speaker of the National Parliament on 3 January 2019.

## Career

After passing LLM, she joined Bangladesh Bar Council in 1992 as a registered lawyer.  She has 15 years of experience working as an Advocate in the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. She is a member of the Central Committee of the Bangladesh Awami League as well as the Chairperson of the CPA Executive Committee.  She has worked tirelessly to get the Amki Mahila Alim Madrasa enrolled in the MPO and has provided financial and governmental support to this women's educational institution.  As a result, thousands of female students in the area are still getting the opportunity to get education from this madrasa.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury
- **honorific-prefix**: The Honourable
- **native name**: শিরীন শারমিন চৌধুরী
- **native name lang**: bn
- **image**: Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury.JPG
- **caption**: Chaudhury in 2012
- **office**: Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad
- **term start**: 1 May 2013
- **deputy**: Fazle Rabbi Miah
- **predecessor**: Shawkat Ali (politician), Shawkat Ali (acting)
- **constituency mp2**: Rangpur-6
- **term start2**: January 2014
- **predecessor2**: Abul Kalam Azad (politician, born 1950), Abul Kalam Azad
- **office3**: Ministry of Women and Children Affairs, State minister of the Women and Children Affairs
- **term start3**: 6 January 2009
- **term end3**: 30 April 2013
- **constituency mp4**: Reserved Women's Seat-31
- **term start4**: 25 January 2009
- **term end4**: 24 January 2014
- **successor4**: Waseqa Ayesha Khan
- **party**: Bangladesh Awami League
- **birth place**: Noakhali, East Pakistan, Pakistan
- **nationality**: Bangladeshi
- **spouse**: Syed Ishtiaque Hossain
- **children**: 2
Poor Butterfly

***Poor Butterfly*** () is a 1986 Argentine drama movie directed by Raúl de la Torre and starring Graciela Borges, Lautaro Murúa, Pepe Soriano, Víctor Laplace, Bibi Andersson, Duilio Marzio, Cipe Lincovsky.
Gambit (movie)

***Gambit*** is a 1966 American comedy thriller movie directed by Ronald Neame and starring Michael Caine, Shirley MacLaine, Herbert Lom, Roger C. Carmel, Arnold Moss. It was distributed by Universal Pictures and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1967. It was remade in 2012.
Rosario Bléfari

**Rosario Bléfari** (24 December 1965 – 6 July 2020) was an Argentine rock singer-songwriter and actress. She was born in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Her music career began in 1989 when she released her debut single "Para amarte". As an actress, she appeared in _Poor Butterfly_ (1986), _I, the Worst of All_ (1990) and in _Rapado_ (1992).

Bléfari died on 6 July 2020 from leukaemia-related problems at a hospital in Santa Rosa, Argentina at the age of 54.
Windom's Way

***Windom's Way*** is a 1957 British thriller movie directed by Ronald Neame and based on the 1952 novel of the same name by James Ramsey Ullman. It stars Peter Finch, Mary Ure, Natasha Parry, Robert Flemyng, Michael Hordern, Olaf Pooley, Burt Kwouk and was distributed by Rank Organisation.
Santa Rosa, La Pampa

**Santa Rosa** () is a city in the Argentine Pampas, and the capital city of La Pampa Province, Argentina.

## Other websites

- Santa Rosa Municipality  (Spanish)
- Department of Transportation
- Tourism (English)

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: City
- **name**: Santa Rosa
- **image skyline**: SantaRosa004.JPG
- **image map**: Argentina La Pampa location map.svg
- **mapsize**: 200px
- **pushpin map**: Argentina
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of La Pampa in Argentina
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Argentina, Province
- **subdivision type2**: Departments of Argentina, Department
- **subdivision name1**:  La Pampa Province, La Pampa
- **subdivision name2**: Capital Department, La Pampa, Capital
- **leader title**: Intendant
- **leader name**: Leandro Altolaguirre
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 22 April 1892
- **area total km2**: 1500
- **population as of**: 2010 census
- **population urban**: 102,880
- **timezone1**: Time in Argentina, ART
- **utc offset1**: −3
- **elevation m**: 175
- **postal code type**: Argentine postal code, Postal code
- **postal code**: L6300
- **blank name**: Telephone numbering plan, Phone code
- **blank info**: +54 2954
- **website**:  [http://www.santarosa.gov.ar/ www.santarosa.gov.ar]
Ashland, Wisconsin

**Ashland** is a city in Ashland and Bayfield counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the county seat of Ashland County. The city is a port on Lake Superior.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Ashland, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: City
- **image map**: File:Bayfield County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Ashland Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location of Ashland in Ashland County
and Bayfield County, Wisconsin
- **pushpin label**: Ashland
- **pushpin map**: Wisconsin#USA
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Wisconsin
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: State
- **subdivision name1**: Wisconsin
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, Counties
- **subdivision name2**: Ashland County, Wisconsin, Ashland, Bayfield County, Wisconsin, Bayfield
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader title1**: City Council
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 35.27
- **area total sq mi**: 13.62
- **area land km2**: 34.61
- **area land sq mi**: 13.36
- **area water km2**: 0.66
- **area water sq mi**: 0.26
- **elevation m**: 205
- **elevation ft**: 671
- **population total**: 7908
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population density km2**: 228.5
- **population density sq mi**: 591.7
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, CST
- **utc offset**: −6
- **timezone dst**: North American Central Time Zone, CDT
- **utc offset dst**: −5
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 54806
- **area codes**: Area codes 715 and 534, 715 & 534
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-03225
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1560982
Washburn, Wisconsin

**Washburn** is a city in Bayfield County, in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 2,051 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Washburn, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: WashburnWI-054-050507.jpg
- **image caption**: The main street (Bayfield Street / Wisconsin Highway 13, WIS 13) in downtown Washburn
- **image map**: File:Bayfield County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Washburn Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Washburn in Bayfield County, Wisconsin.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Bayfield County, Wisconsin, Bayfield
- **government type**: Mayor–council government, Mayor–council
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 10.14
- **area land km2**: 10.13
- **area water km2**: 0.01
- **area total sq mi**: 3.92
- **area land sq mi**: 3.91
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States Census, 2020
- **population total**: 2051
- **population density sq mi**: 524.2
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 211
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 54891
- **area code**: Area codes 715 and 534, 715 & 534
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-83525
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1576230
Kweisi Mfume

**Kweisi Mfume** ( ; born **Frizzell Gerald Gray**; October 24, 1948) is an American politician. He has been the U.S. Representative for Maryland's 7th congressional district from 1987 to 1996 and was elected again in May 2020.

He is also the former president and CEO of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

In 2006, he ran for the U.S. Senate seat, but lost the Democratic nomination to Ben Cardin.

In 2020, Mfume was elected to again fill his former House seat, after the death of Elijah Cummings.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Kweisi Mfume
- **image**: Kweisi Mfume, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
- **alt**: Official Photo of Kweisi Mfume 2019
- **state**: Maryland
- **term start**: May 5, 2020
- **predecessor**: Elijah Cummings
- **term start1**: January 3, 1987
- **term end1**: February 15, 1996
- **predecessor1**: Parren Mitchell
- **successor1**: Elijah Cummings
- **office2**: President and CEO of the NAACP
- **term start2**: February 20, 1996
- **term end2**: November 30, 2004
- **predecessor2**: Earl Shinhoster
- **successor2**: Dennis Courtland Hayes
- **office3**: Member of the Baltimore City Council
from the 4th district
- **term start3**: 1978
- **term end3**: 1986
- **predecessor3**: _Multi-member district_
- **successor3**: _Multi-member district_
- **birth name**: Frizzell Gerald Gray
- **birth place**: Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **children**: 6
- **education**: Morgan State University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Johns Hopkins University (Master of Arts, MA)
Twitch (service)

**Twitch** is a video live streaming service operated by Twitch Interactive. It is a subsidiary of Amazon. It was created in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform, Justin.tv.

It focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of esports competitions. It also has music broadcasts, creative content, and more recently, "in real life" streams.
Reckful

**Byron Bernstein** (May 8, 1989 – July 2, 2020), better known by his online alias **Reckful**, was an Israeli-American Twitch streamer and former professional Esports player.

In May 2018, he began releasing a podcast called _Tea Time with Byron_.

Before his death, he had been working with his community to create a video game called _Everland_. Bernstein was best known in the gaming community for his achievements in _World of Warcraft_ and _Asheron's Call_.

Bernstein committed suicide in Austin, Texas on July 2, 2020 at the age of 31.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Reckful
- **caption**: Bernstein in 2020
- **birth name**: Byron Daniel Bernstein
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, U.S.
- **death cause**: Suicide
- **death place**: Austin, Texas, U.S.
- **nationality**: Israeli Americans, Israeli-American
- **years active**: 2009–2020
Telugu wedding ceremony

The **Telugu Hindu wedding ceremony**  is the traditional wedding ceremony of the Telugu people in India.The cenermony can last several days. In the 19th century, some ceremonies lasted up to sixteen days.  Modern ceremonies can still last two days or more. The caste of the bride and the groom are important  for the ceremony.  The _pendli_ or wedding is considered the strongest of social bonds. It is said to spiritually merge two souls opening the doors to _gruhastaashramam_ (household life).
Mark Naley

**Mark Naley** (11 March 1961 – 6 July 2020) was an Australian rules footballer. He played with Carlton Football Club in the VFL/AFL and South Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). He was born in Adelaide, South Australia. His career lasted from 1980 to 1993.

Naley died from brain cancer on 6 July 2020, aged 59.

## Infobox (afl biography)

- **name**: Mark Naley
- **fullname**: Mark Brendan Naley
- **death place**: Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- **originalteam**: South Adelaide Football Club, South Adelaide (South Australian National Football League, SANFL)
- **draftpick**: No. 4, 1981 VFL draft, 1981 interstate draft
- **debutdate**: 1987 VFL season, 1987
- **height**: 177 cm
- **weight**: 80 kg
- **position**: Follower (Australian rules football), Rover, Half-forward line, Half-forward
- **statsend**: 1993
- **years1**: 1980–1986, 1991–1993
- **club1**: (South Australian National Football League, SANFL)
- **games goals1**: 236 (231)
- **years2**: 1987–1990
- **club2**: (VFL/AFL)
- **games goals2**: 65 (74)
- **careerhighlights**: * Premiership player Carlton Football Club 1987 VFL Grand Final, 1987
* All-Australian 1986, 1987
* South Australian National Football League, SANFL Magarey Medallist 1991
* South Adelaide Football Club, South Adelaide Best & Fairest 1984
* 16 Interstate matches in Australian rules football#State of origin, State of Origin games for South Australia Australian rules football team, South Australia 1981–89
* Tassie Medallist 1987
* Fos Williams Medallist 1991 South Australia Australian rules football team, SA v Western Australia Australian rules football team, WA at Subiaco Oval
* South Adelaide Football Club, South Adelaide Reserves Premiership Player 1979
* South Australian National Football League, SANFL debut with South Adelaide Football Club, South Adelaide in 1980
*Australian Football League, VFL debut with  on 28 March 1987 v  at Princes Park (stadium), Princes Park
*South Adelaide Football Club Player Life Member
*South Adelaide Football Club Hall of Fame member
*South Australian Football Hall of Fame Inaugural Inductee 2002
Layla Moran

**Layla Michelle Moran** (born 12 September 1982) is a British Liberal Democrat politician. She has been the Member of Parliament for Oxford West and Abingdon since 2017.

She has been the Liberal Democrat spokesperson for education since 2017, and was spokesperson for digital, culture, media and sport from 2019 to 2020. She is Britain's first openly pansexual Member of Parliament.

In March 2020, she announced her candidacy for the leadership post for the Liberal Democrats. She ran against Ed Davey. She lost the leadership election, coming second place.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Layla Moran
- **honorific-suffix**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), MP
- **image**: Official portrait of Layla Moran MP crop 2.jpg
- **office**: Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Democrat Liberal Democrat frontbench team, Spokesperson for Department for Education, Education
- **leader**: Vince Cable
Jo Swinson
Ed Davey
Mark Pack
- **term start**: 17 June 2017
- **predecessor**: Sarah Olney
- **office1**: Liberal Democrat frontbench team, Liberal Democrat Spokesperson for Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, Digital, Culture, Media and Sport
- **leader1**: Jo Swinson
Ed Davey
Sal Brinton
Mark Pack
- **term start1**: 21 August 2019
- **term end1**: 6 January 2020
- **predecessor1**: Jane Bonham Carter, Baroness Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury, The Baroness Bonham-Carter
- **successor1**: Daisy Cooper
- **office2**: Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament
for Oxford West and Abingdon (UK Parliament constituency), Oxford West and Abingdon
- **term start2**: 9 June 2017
- **predecessor2**: Nicola Blackwood
- **majority2**: 8,943 (15.2%)
- **birth name**: Layla Michelle Moran
- **birth place**: Hammersmith, London, England
- **party**: Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Democrats
- **relatives**: James Moran (diplomat), James Moran (father)
- **education**: Imperial College London
Brunel University London
University College London
- **caption**: Moran in 2019
Raja Krishnamoorthi

**Subramanian Raja Krishnamoorthi** ( born July 19, 1973) is an Indian-born American businessman and politician. He is the U.S. Representative for  since 2017.

He was elected to replace Tammy Duckworth, who gave up the seat to successfully run for the U.S. Senate. Krishnamoorthi is a member of the Democratic Party.

In May 2025, Krishnamoorthi announced that he would run for the United States Senate seat being vacated by Dick Durbin in the 2026 election.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Raja Krishnamoorthi
- **image**: Raja Krishnamoorthi official photo.jpg
- **state**: Illinois
- **term start**: January 3, 2017
- **predecessor**: Tammy Duckworth
- **birth place**: New Delhi, India
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Priya
- **children**: 3
- **education**: Princeton University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
Harvard University (Juris Doctor, JD)
Litoria spartacus

***Litoria spartacus*** is a frog from Papua New Guinea.

The male adult frog is 35.8 to 37.3 mm long from nose to rear end and the female is 51.1 mm long.  The male has vocal slits.  The frog has bright yellow colouring on its legs.  This frog is yellow-green on the back and lighter on the belly.  It has white marks under its eyes.
Scilab

**Scilab** is an open source MATLAB-like programming language for numerical analysis. It is used in many countries including non-English regions.

## Syntax

Scilab syntax is largely based on the MATLAB language. The simplest way to use Scilab codes is to type it in at the prompt, `-->`, in the graphical command window.

Hello World! in Scilab:

## Toolboxes

Scilab has many toolboxes for different tasks, such as
- Scilab Image Processing Toolbox (SIP) and its variants (such as SIVP). This is used for image processing.
- Scilab Wavelet Toolbox: Used for wavelets
- Scilab Java and .NET Module
- Scilab Remote Access Module

More are available on ATOMS Portal or the Scilab forge.

## Differences between GNU Octave

GNU Octave is also a MATLAB-like language. But it was made by different technical viewpoints.

## Usage

The original purpose of Scilab was numerical analysis (such as numerical methods for ordinary differential equations). Today, it is also used in scientific education and optimization.

## Infobox (software)

- **name**: Scilab
- **screenshot**:
- **caption**: A screenshot of Scilab running
- **developer**: ESI Group
- **latest release version**: 6.1.0
- **programming language**: Scilab, C (programming language), C, C++, Java (programming language), Java, Fortran
- **operating system**: BSDs (e.g., FreeBSD), Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows, Windows
- **language**: English language, English, German language, German, Spanish language, Spanish, French language, French, Italian language, Italian, Japanese language, Japanese, Portuguese language, Portuguese (Brazil), Russian language, Russian, Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, Chinese language, Chinese, Czech language, Czech, Polish language, Polish
- **genre**: Technical computing
GitHub

**GitHub** is an online software development assistance and version control service. This platform uses Git. It is operated by **GitHub, Inc.** based in the United States.

In January 2020, GitHub reported that they have more than 40 million users  and more than 100 million repositories (including at least 28 million public repositories). Therefore, it is recognized as the largest host of source code in the world.

## Organizational users

Currently, there are many individual GitHub users. On the other hand, there are also organizational users such as educational institutions and companies. The following companies are using GitHub to distribute open source projects:
- Facebook.
- Google Research (research facility of Google)
- IBM
- Microsoft
- TeX Users Group (A community for LaTeX users)
- Wolfram Research (developer of Wolfram Mathematica)

## Desktop version

GitHub was made for users who want to save their programs on their web browsers. But there is also a desktop version known as GitHub Desktop.

## GitHub Pages

All GitHub users can create websites with the **github.io** domain. This service is known as **GitHub Pages**. The development history of the HTML code will be recorded with Git.

## Similar services

Today, there are several GitHub like services for developers. Some of them use Git but have different interface with unique web-design. One of the most famous GitHub rival is **GitLab**. This is also based on Git. Users can export their programs on GitHub to GitLab.

## Infobox (website)

- **name**: GitHub, Inc.
- **logo**:
- **company type**: Subsidiary
- **founded**: (as Logical Awesome LLC)
- **location**: San Francisco, California, United States
- **area served**: Worldwide
- **ceo**: Nat Friedman
- **industry**: Software
- **international**: Yes
- **programming language**: Ruby (programming language), Ruby
- **website type**: Collaborative version control
- **registration**: Optional <small>(required for creating and joining projects)</small>
- **users**: 100 million (Jan 2023)
- **language**: English
- **current status**: Active
- **parent**: Microsoft
Husband and Lovers

***La villa del venerdì*** (internationally released as  ***Husband and Lovers***) is a 1991 Italian erotic drama movie directed by Mauro Bolognini and starring Julian Sands, Joanna Pacula, Tchéky Karyo, Lara Wendel, Jeanne Valérie.
Young Husbands

***Young Husbands*** () is a 1958 Italian French comedy movie directed by Mauro Bolognini and starring Isabelle Corey, Antonio Cifariello, Roberto Chevalier, Guido Celano.
Telecom Business School

**Institut Mines-Télécom Business School** is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 3 places. It is in Paris, Évry-Courcouronnes and Évry. It was established in 1979.

IMT BS specialises in the fields of economics, social sciences and management.

## Further reading

- IMT BS website
Lamborghini Espada

The **Lamborghini Espada** is a station wagon made by Lamborghini. It was made from 1968 to 1978. There were three generations of the Espada. These generations were known as Series I, Series II, and Series III.

## History

The Lamborghini Espada was designed by Marcello Gandini in 1967.

The Espada is a four-seater grand-touring car. It was initially sold at the same time as the Islero and the mid-engine Miura. The Espada and the Islero both replaced the 400 GT.

Three different series of the Espada were made. These were the S1 (1968–1970), the S2 (1970–1972) and the S3 (1972–1978). Each series was an update from the last, with changes such as more horsepower and a redesigned interior. Overall, 1,217 Espadas were made.

### Series I

The Espada was launched at the 1968 Geneva Motor Show, alongside the Islero. The Espada was equipped with a  Lamborghini V12 engine, which was based off the one used in the 400 GT 2+2. The engine was rated at  in the series I cars. 186 Series I Espadas were made before January 1970.

### Series II

At the 1970 Brussels Motor Show, Lamborghini revealed the Series II version of the Espada. The power output of the Espada increased to  due to a higher 10.7:1 compression ratio. The brakes were changed to vented Girling discs instead of solid discs. CV joints were now used on the rear half-shafts. Lamborghini made 575 of the Series II Espadas, which was the most of any series of Espada.

### Series III

The Series III Espada was launched in 1972. It was fitted with wider Pirelli Cinturato 215/70WR15 CN12 tyres. The front grille now had a square instead of hexagonal mesh. A sunroof was also made an option for the Series III.

The  engine was carried over from the Series II Espada. Power steering by ZF and air conditioning were now standard. In 1974, a Chrysler Torqueflite 3 speed automatic transmission became available as an option.

From 1975, large impact bumpers had to be installed to meet United States safety requirements. Other changes had to be made for the car to meet US laws. Some people consider these later US-spec cars to be a separate fourth series of the Espada.

## Engine and transmission

The Espada used an updated version of the 400 GT’s 4.0 liter V12 engine. The engine produced  horsepower in the Series I Espada, and  in the Series II and III Espadas. The engine was paired to a five-speed manual transmission, with a three-speed Chrysler-built automatic transmission as an option for the Series III Espada.

## Related pages

- Lamborghini Islero
- Lamborghini 400 GT

## Infobox (automobile)

- **name**: Lamborghini Espada
- **caption**: A Series III Espada
- **image**: File:Lamborghini-Espada.jpg
- **manufacturer**: Lamborghini
- **production**: 1968–1978
1217 made
- **assembly**: Italy: Sant'Agata Bolognese
- **designer**: Marcello Gandini at Gruppo Bertone, Bertone
- **class**: Grand tourer
- **body style**: 2-door coupé
- **layout**: Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
- **engine**: 3.9 L _Lamborghini V12_
- **sp**: uk
Chattering rock frog

The **chattering rock frog** (_Litoria staccato_) is a small frog from Australia.  It lives in Western Australia.

This frog can grow to 3.5 cm long from nose to rear end.  This frog can be dark red, light brown or gray in colour.  It has some stripes on its head and body and some webbing on its feet.

They lay eggs in the rocky streams and other rocky bodies of water.  The eggs sink to the bottom.  The tadpoles swim to the top and stay near the surface.  They take two months to become frogs.

Scientists think this frog is related to _L. coplandi_.  People tell them apart because their voices sound different.
Dade County

**Dade County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Dade County, Georgia
- Dade County, Missouri

## Other

- Miami-Dade County
Ohio County

**Ohio County** is the name of three counties in the United States:
- Ohio County, Indiana
- Ohio County, Kentucky
- Ohio County, West Virginia
Forest County

**Forest County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Forest County, Pennsylvania
- Forest County, Wisconsin

## Other

- Forrest County, Mississippi
Greenwood County

**Greenwood County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Greenwood County, Kansas
- Greenwood County, South Carolina
Hickman County

**Hickman County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Hickman County, Kentucky
- Hickman County, Tennessee
Hopkins County

**Hopkins County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Hopkins County, Kentucky
- Hopkins County, Texas
Howard County

**Howard County** is the name of seven counties in the United States:
- Howard County, Arkansas
- Howard County, Indiana
- Howard County, Iowa
- Howard County, Maryland
- Howard County, Missouri
- Howard County, Nebraska
- Howard County, Texas
Humphreys County

**Humphreys County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Humphreys County, Mississippi
- Humphreys County, Tennessee
Serial comma

The **serial comma**  or **Oxford comma** is a comma used directly after the second-to-last item in a list of three or more items. For example, a list of three people may be shown as "Alice, Bob, and Charlie" (with the comma) or "Alice, Bob and Charlie" (without the comma).

Some style guides prefer using the comma, while others advise against it. It may sometimes be useful to add the comma to avoid confusion. For example, a sentence such as "Please bring Marcus, a musician and a skater to the dinner event today" may confuse anyone reading that sentence. Without the Oxford comma, they might think that Marcus is a musician and a skater, so they would need to bring Marcus instead of three people to that dinner event today.

When following a style guide that opposes the comma, one can rearrange the terms to avoid confusion. For example, saying "a musician, a skater and Marcus" does not change the intended meaning, but it avoids the confusion.
Music in Darkness

***Music in Darkness*** (), known in the United States as ***Night Is My Future***, is a 1948 Swedish drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman. It stars Mai Zetterling and Birger Malmsten.
Autumn Sonata

***Autumn Sonata*** (, ) is a 1978 Swedish West German drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman. Starring Ingrid Bergman in her final movie role, Liv Ullmann, Lena Nyman, Halvar Björk, Marianne Aminoff, Arne Bang-Hansen, Gunnar Björnstrand, Erland Josephson, Georg Løkkeberg, Mimi Pollak, Linn Ullmann. It was distributed by Constantin Film.
Barima-Waini

**Barima-Waini** (Region 1) is a region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. Venezuela claims the territory as part of Delta Amacuro state. It is named after two rivers that flow through the region: the Barima River and the Waini River. The regional capital is Mabaruma.

The region is in the northwest of the country. It has an area of 20,339 km². As of the 2012 census, 26,941 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the east, the region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni to the south and Venezuela to the west.
Pomeroon-Supenaam

**Pomeroon-Supenaam** (Region 2)  is a region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. Venezuela claims the territory as part of Delta Amacuro state. The regional capital is Anna Regina.

The region is in the north of the country. It has an area of 6,195 km². As of the 2012 census, 46,810 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the east, the region of Cuyuni-Mazaruni to the south and the region of Barima-Waini to the west.

Other towns include: Charity, Pickersgill, Spring Garden and Suddie.
Session (computer science)

In computer science, a **session** is a short trade of information between two or more devices, or between a computer and a person.
Essequibo Islands-West Demerara

**Essequibo Islands-West Demerara** (Region 3) is a partial region of Esequiban Guyana, a territory in dispute by Guyana and Venezuela. It is split in two by the Essequibo River, Venezuela claims the territory to the west of Essequibo river as part of Delta Amacuro state. The regional capital is Vreed en Hoop.

The region is in the north of the country. It has an area of 3,755 km². As of the 2012 census, 107,416 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Demerara-Mahaica and Demerara River to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the west.
Demerara-Mahaica

**Demerara-Mahaica** (Region 4) is a region in the north of Guyana. The regional capital is Georgetown, which is also the national capital.

The region has an area of 2,232 km². As of the 2012 census, 313,429 people lived there. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Mahaica-Berbice to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Essequibo Islands-West Demerara to the west.
Hutchinson County

**Hutchinson County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Hutchinson County, South Dakota
- Hutchinson County, Texas
Iron County

**Iron County** is the name of four counties in the United States:
- Iron County, Michigan
- Iron County, Missouri
- Iron County, Utah
- Iron County, Wisconsin
All Night Nippon

(a.k.a. _All Night_ and _ANN_) is a Japanese radio program broadcast by Nippon Broadcasting System.

## Popular culture

In 1986, Nintendo made _All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros._, a special Family Computer Disk System version of _Super Mario Bros._, as a contest prize for  listeners.  The game mostly had levels from the first _Super Mario Bros._, though it also had some levels, graphics, and other changes from the Japanese _Super Mario Bros. 2_. Some enemies, characters, and level elements had their graphics changed to be like people or symbols from _All Night Nippon_ or the Nippon Broadcasting System.

## Other websites

- allnightnippon.com

## Infobox (radio show)

- **show name**: All Night Nippon
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **format**: Late-night talk show
- **runtime**: 4 hours
- **home station**: Nippon Broadcasting System
- **first aired**: October 1, 1967
- **last aired**: Present
- **website**: [http://www.allnightnippon.com/ Official site]
Carnesville, Georgia

**Carnesville** is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Franklin County.
Meigs County

**Meigs County** is the name of two counties in the United States:
- Meigs County, Ohio
- Meigs County, Tennessee