juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Andrea Dworkin

**Andrea Rita Dworkin** (September 26, 1946 – April 9, 2005) was an American radical feminist and writer. Dworkin wrote ten books about radical feminism. She was most famous for saying that pornography hurts the women who participate in it and makes men who watch it believe harmful things about women. Her two most well known books are _Pornography: Men Possessing Women_ (1981) and _Intercourse_ (1987). In 1986, Dworkin's first novel _Ice and Fire_ was published.

## Early life

Dworkin was born in Camden, New Jersey. She was raised in a Jewish household. In sixth grade she started writing poetry. In 1965 Dworkin was arrested during an anti-Vietnam War protest at the United States Mission to the United Nations. She was sent to the New York Women's House of Detention.

## Career

Dworkin's first feminist book _Woman Hating_ was published in 1974. _Our Blood: Prophesies and Discourses on Sexual Politics_ was published in 1976. In 2000 _Scapegoat: The Jews, Israel And Women's Liberation_ was published. The book was inspired by a visit Dworkin made to Israel in 1988. The book compares the oppression of Jews to the oppression of women. In the book Dworkin says that women should have their own homeland like Jews have Israel.

## Personal life

Dworkin was a lesbian. Dworkin married Cornelius (Iwan) Dirk de Bruin in 1967. In 1971 they divorced. In 1998 she married John Stoltenberg. Stoltenberg is openly gay. In 1999 Dworkin was raped in Paris. Dworkin died in Washington, D.C. when she was 58 from myocarditis.
Barry Gibb

**Sir Barry Alan Crompton Gibb** <small>CBE</small> (born 1 September 1946) is a British-American singer, songwriter, and record producer who rose to worldwide fame as the founder of the British-Australian pop group Bee Gees. With his brothers, Robin and Maurice Gibb, Gibb formed a songwriting partnership beginning in 1966. In 2004, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. In June, 2018, Barry was officially knighted by Prince Charles, which allows Barry to use the title Sir. Barry has dual British/US citizenship.

## Early life

Barry Gibb was born on 1 September 1946 on the Isle of Man, a British Crown Dependency in the Irish Sea. He formed his first band, The Rattlesnakes, in 1955. His younger twin siblings, Robin and Maurice were also members of this skiffle group.  After moving to Australia, the Gibb brothers renamed their band, the Bee Gees.

## Career

Gibb released his first album with the Bee Gees, _The Bee Gees Sing and Play 14 Barry Gibb Songs_, in 1965. It did not chart. In 1967, after returning to England, the Bee Gees released their first charting album _Bee Gees' 1st_. In 1979 the Bee Gees released their only number one album _Spirits Having Flown_. Gibb released _Now Voyager_ in 1984. "Shine, Shine" was released as the album's second single. It reached number 37 in the _Billboard_ 200. Gibb made the soundtrack for the movie _Hawks_. In 2011 "All In Your Name", a song Gibb sung with Michael Jackson, was released as a single.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Sir Barry Gibb
- **image**: Barry Gibb in 2017-Glasto17-197 (34744934874).jpg
- **caption**: Gibb in 2017
- **honorific suffix**: Order of the British Empire, CBE
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Barry Alan Crompton Gibb
- **alias**: Johnny Hayes
- **birth place**: Isle of Man
- **instrument**: *Vocals(countertenor)
*guitar
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock, Pop music, pop, disco, Country music, country
- **occupation**: Singer, songwriter, record producer
- **years active**: 1955–present
- **label**: Polydor, Atco, MCA
- **associated acts**: The Rattlesnakes, Bee Gees
Intermittent energy source

An **intermittent energy source** is an energy source whose supply is not always continuous. Their energy can be stored to use at another time. For example, solar energy can heat water. Windmills can charge a battery. Also, sources that can be controlled can supply power when the intermittent source cannot.

## Intermittent energy

- Solar energy
- Wind energy
Girl's Day

**Girl's Day** () is a four-member South Korean girl group formed by Dream Tea Entertainment in 2010. The group members are Sojin, Minah, Yura, and Hyeri. Girl's Day started as a five-member girl group with Sojin, Minah, Jisun,  Ji-In, and Jihae. After Jisun and Ji-In left, Yura and Hyeri became members. They reason why they left the group is that Jisun is going to study music more and Ji-In wants to act. Jihae wanted to concentrate on studying.

## 2010

As soon as they released their mini-album _Girl's Day Party 1_ on July 9, they were caught in controversy because they didn't sing well on their first stage on "Music Bank". Later, they were recognized as a good group. After Jisun and Ji-in left, the new members released their first digital single album, _Girl's Day Party 2_. A song from this album, "Nothing Lasts Up", was popular because they not only showed good singing ability but also danced well.

## 2011–13

In March 2011, they released the third digital single album, _Girl's Day Party 3_. "Twinkle Twinkle" (), which is the title song of this album, made Girl's Day popular. Girl's Day won the first prize of the charts for the first time. Also, the dance of this song which is called "Mam Mam Ma dance" became famous. In September 2011, they released _Girl's Day party 4_ for their fans. In October 2012, Jihea announced that she was leaving the group. Then they released _Girl's Day Party 5_. The title song of this album is "Don't forget me", which people liked.

In March 2013, they released their first regular album _Expectation_. "Expectation", which is the title song of this album, got success. Also, they re-released the album with a song named "Female president". The music video of "Female President" got a favorable reputation. The dance of this song become famous.
Samsung Lions

**Samsung Lions** is a South Korean professional baseball team. It is one of the first 6 teams which joined the Korean professional baseball league in 1982. The team is based in Daegu and plays at Daegu baseball stadium. The mascot of this team is a lion called Bleo.

### 1980s - 1990s

Samsung Lions is the only team which has won a season without the Korean Series by attaining a unified win both in the first half and second half in 1985. Even though the team played in the Korean Series six times from 1980s to 1990s, it ended up six-time runner-ups in 1982, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1990, and 1993.

### 2000s

In 2001, as an attempt to win the Korean Series, Samsung Lions hired Kim Eung-Ryong as the manager, who had won the Korean Series 9 times in Haitai Tigers. After a runner-up season in 2001, finally, Samsung Lions defeated LG Twins in the 2002 Korean Series. The team won the Korean Series again in 2005 and 2006 under the manager, Sun Dong-Ryul.

### 2010s

In 2011, Samsung Lions won the Korean series defeating SK Wyverns and became the first Korean team which has won the Asian series. By beating Doosan Bears in the 2013 Korean series, it also became the first team which has won the Korean Series for three years in a row from 2011 to 2013. They beat Nexen Heroes in the 2014 Korean series, winning the Korean Series for four years in a row. Now, the team has won the Korean series 8 times including the season in 1985, which is the second most, following Kia Tigers, the 11-time winner. However, Samsung Lions lost to Doosan Bears in the 2015 Korean Series, and never reached the postseason from 2016 to 2020.

## Franchise stars

With the long history and stable finance, the team has many franchise stars.

### Lee Man-Soo

Lee Man-Soo, nicknamed "Hulk",  was a catcher in Samsung Lions for 16 years from 1982 to 1997. He was named league MVP in 1983 as the first triple crown winner. His number 22 became the first retired number by Samsung Lions in 2003.

### Yang Joon-Hyuk

Yang Joon-Hyuk, nicknamed "Yangshin", was a left-handed outfielder. He debuted with his shocking first season in Samsung Lions, winning Rookie of the Year in 1993. He has 9 KBO all-time No.1 records, including home runs, hits, doubles, total bases, RBI, walks, runs, games played, and at-bats. His number 10 also became the retired number by Samsung Lions.

### Lee Seung-Yeob

Lee Seung-Yeob, nicknamed "Lion King", is a retired left-handed first-baseman. Even though he played in Japan for eight years, he has been awarded five-time season MVPs, eight-time Golden Gloves, and eight-time All-stars. Especially, in 2003, he hit 56 home runs in a season, which was the Asian home-run record. In 2012, He came back to Samsung Lions from Orix Buffaloes, and was an active player until 2017.
Friend (2001 movie)

***Friend*** is a South Korean movie released on March 31, 2001. It was made by director Kwak Kyung-taek. Jang Dong-gun and Yu Oh-seong played the lead roles in the movie. The movie is about 4 friends. It covers from their childhood to their adulthood in which they come into a conflict. The movie was almost filmed in Busan and Busan dialect became very sensational after this movie. A lot of actors and actresses in the movie are really from Busan so they have no difficulty in using Busan dialect. Even the director Kwak Kyung-taek is from Busan.

## Background

This movie was made motivated by the real experience of the director Kwak Kyung-taek and the real event. 'Sang-taek'(Seo Tae-hwa) is a character that reflects the director Kwak Kyung-taek. This movie is motivated by a real murder case that happened in Busan in 1993. 'June-seok' (Yu Oh-seong) is similar to the real friend of the director Kwak Kyung-taek, a member of a gang. 'Dong-su' (Jang Dong-gun) is similar to the boss of another gang, who is real friend of the director Kwak Kyung-taek.

## Plot

In 1976, age thirteen, 'June-seok' (Yu Oh-seong), 'Dong-su' (Jang Dong-gun), 'Sang-taek' (Seo Tae-hwa), and 'Jung-Ho' (Jeong Woon-Taek) are always together and they are best friends. They have nothing to be afraid of when they are together. However, as they grow up, there comes a conflict among them. 'Dong-su' has an inferiority complex to 'june-seok' and their relationship becomes distant. When they become twenty, their lives become very different. 'Jung-Ho' and 'sang-taek' go to university. June-seok becomes a boss of a gang group after his father died, who was a boss of the group. However, 'Dong-su' becomes the member of a gang that is against to the 'June-seok's group. 'June-seok' and 'Dong-su' becomes more distant. After a few years, 'Sang-Taek' is planning to go to America to go to the graduate school. He wants to meet their friends before he leaves but nobody appears in the airport when he leaves. He has an unlucky premonition as he leaves Korea. Finally, there comes a serious conflict between 'Dong-su' and 'June-seok' after that.

## References

- http://movie.naver.com/movie/bi/mi/basic.nhn?code=30889
I Can Hear Your Voice

***I Can Hear Your Voice*** () is a 2013 South Korean television series. It stars Lee Bo-young, Lee Jong-suk, and Yoon Sang-hyun. It was shown on Seoul Broadcasting System from June 5 to August 1, 2013. There were 16 episodes originally, but 2 more episodes were aired, making it 18 episodes in total.

## Plot

The series is a mixed genre drama.

Park Soo-ha (played by Lee Jong-suk) is a high school boy who can read other people's minds. He got this ability at the age of 9 after he saw his father's death in a car crash. The crash was caused on purpose by the character Min Joon-guk (played by Jung Woong-in). Jang Hye-sung, (played by Lee Bo-young) an 18-year-old high school girl, was a witness of the murder and testified in court. The killer had warned her not to testify. Min Joon-guk is sent to prison. He tells Jang Hye-sung that as soon as he gets out of jail, she will be killed.

After 10 years passed Hye-sung has become a public defender. Soo-ha's first love is Jang Hye-sung.  Soo-ha finds Hye-sung after searching for 10 years.

However, after meeting Soo-ha and Cha Gwan-Woo, (played by Yoon sang-hyun) Hye-sung's attitude changes. With their help, Hye-sung solves many court cases. Meanwhile, they change each others' lives.

## Characters

- Jang Hye-sung (played by Lee Bo-young and Kim So-hyun (when 18-years-old))
- Park Soo-ha (played by Lee Jong-suk and Goo Seung-yun (when a 9 year old))
- Cha Gwan-woo (played by Yoon Sang-hyun)
- Seo Do-yeon (played by Lee Da-hee and Jung Min-ah (when 18 years old)
- Min Joon-guk (played by Jung Woong-in)
Cheondoism

**Cheondoism** (Korean Cheondogyo; hanja 天道教; hangul 천도교; literally "Religion of the Heavenly Way") is Korean traditional religion which began during the last year of Joseon Dynasty. It was found in 1860 by Choe Je-U, the first religious sect leader of Cheondoism. At first, he named this religion Donghak, or Eastern Learning in opposition to Western Learning. In 1905, the name was change to Cheondogyo by the third leader, Son Byeong-Hui. In period of Japanese occupation, it made an effort to lead Korea's Independence Movement against Japanese colonial rule and expand it's congregation. Today, Cheondoism exerts less strong influence than before.

## Religious thought

Cheondoism is a monotheistic religion and members believe a god called 'Hanul'. God is both transcendent and immanent in Heaven, Earth, and Man. It is not only the notion of God, but also view of human, moral, history are distinctive. When one dies, one does not go to some other-dimensional heaven, but returns to the One Being. The fundamental doctrine of the religion is that all human beings are equal because all people serve the god in their mind when born, so believers desperately oppose the hierarchy. And depending on equality for all, it insisted that children should be respected.

## History

Cheondoism weakened by government suppression, but from the effort of second leader Si Hyung Choi. it recovered and in 1870, the number of believers extended for thousands. In 1880s, congregation was expanded to the entire Korean peninsula, and in 1890s, the religion led social movement of semi-feudalism and anti-foreign influence and this became Donghak Movement. In 1910s, it stirred up a revolution for liberation of the oppressed nation from Japanese imperialist rule.

## Other websites

- www.chondogyo.or.kr
Korean mask

**Korean masks** have been used since the 6th century. The oldest mask in Korea is a lacquered mask that was excavated in one of the tumuli in Gyeongju. In the past, the masks were used for shamanistic ceremonies to drive away evil spirits or raise ghosts. Also, they were used for mask plays like _BongsanTalchum, SandaeNoli_.

In Korea, _tal_ means _mask_. _Tal_ is an ancient Chinese word that means a face, a tool for face, a mask, etc. The word _tal_ means a _mask_ and _disease_ in Korea. That is why Korean masks normally represent the face of demons or monsters that cause various diseases. Ancient Korean believed that the mask of strong demons can drive weak demons out.

## Masks in theatre

Mask plays have different themes. Basic themes are biting satire, ritual dances, exorcism rites, parody of human weaknesses, social evils and the privileged class.

A lot of _talchum_, or plays, mock stereotyped of annoying personalities in the lower classes. The most distinguishing feature of the Korea mask plays is variations of specific lines in plays. According to actors and regions, the specific lines in plays can be changed. With regional variations, the mask play is usually performed on traditional holidays.

## Shamanistic masks

Korean masks used in shamanistic practices were made of wood. They had several coasts of lacquer to give the masks gloss and to and waterproof them for wearing. In Korea, many people have believed that the lacquer tree can drive away evil spirits. That is why Koreans used lacquered masks. The horrifying or grotesque masks were used in shamanistic practices for their ability to evoke fear, and humor, in ceremonial rites.
Anyang, Gyeonggi

**Anyang** () is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. With a population about of 600,000 People, it is the 20th largest city in South Korea. It is a satellite city of Seoul and located about  to south of Seoul, and  to north of Suwon. It is connected to Seoul via the Seoul Subway Line 1 and Line 4.

## Development

The city has developed along the Anyang Stream, which is 32.2 km long. The city is divided into two halves; the Manan district and Dongan districts.
The Dongan district has about 356,566 people and the Manan district has about 216,714 people. Anyang is famous for Anyang yuwonji and the Anyang art park. It has seven mountains. Mt. Suri is the most famous one.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Anyang
- **population blank2**: 224,501
- **established date2**: 1967
- **population blank1 title**: Dialect
- **population blank1**: Seoul dialect, Seoul
- **area total km2**: 58.46
- **elevation m**: 47
- **population as of**: 31 October 2016
- **population total**: 595,644
- **population blank2 title**: Households
- **population density km2**: 10,188.92
- **established date**: 415
- **parts type**: Administrative divisions of South Korea, Administrative divisions
- **parts**: 2 _gu_ (Manan Gu & Dongan Gu), 31 _dong_
- **blank emblem type**: Emblem of Anyang
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 13900 to 14199
- **area code**: (+82) 31
- **website**: [https://www.anyang.go.kr/en/index.do]
- **established title2**: City status
- **established title**: First mention
- **translit lang1**: Korean
- **settlement type**: Cities of South Korea, Specific city
- **translit lang1 type1**: Hangul
- **translit lang1 type2**: Hanja
- **translit lang1 info3**: Anyang-si
- **translit lang1 info4**: Anyang-si
- **subdivision name1**: Seoul National Capital Area, Sudogwon
- **image skyline**: Anyang city.jpg
- **image caption**: Anyang city from Suri mountain.
- **image map**: Gyeonggi-Anyang.svg
- **map caption**: Location in South Korea
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Korea, Region
- **image flag**: Flag of Anyang.svg
Hyrule Warriors

***Hyrule Warriors*** is a video game for the Wii U console. It is a crossover between _The Legend of Zelda_ and _Dynasty Warriors_ series. It was developed by Tecmo Koei and Nintendo. It is a spin-off game in _The Legend of Zelda_ series. It was released on August 14, 2014.

## Gameplay

The game plays like the _Dynasty Warriors_ series, using the setting and characters from _The Legend of Zelda_. The player controls Link to take on a large number of enemies from _The Legend of Zelda_ series and you can unlock other characters who you can also play as. The player can use weapons such as a sword and bombs, as well as Link's spin attack. Like in other _The Legend of Zelda_ games, the player can get new items by finding and opening chests.

## Infobox (video game)

- **developer**: Omega Force
- **director**: Masaki Furusawa
- **artist**: Mariko Hirokane
- **series**: _The Legend of Zelda_
_Dynasty Warriors_
- **platforms**: Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, Nintendo Switch
- **genre**: Hack and slash, Action role-playing
- **modes**: Single-player video game, Single-player, Multiplayer video game, multiplayer
- **designer**: Takahiro Kawai
- **programmer**: Takanori Goshima
Tatsumi Fujinami

is a Japanese professional wrestler. He is best known for competing in New Japan Pro Wrestling from 1972 to 2006. He has been competing for Dradition since 2004.

He was the innovator of both the Dragon sleeper and Dragon suplex wrestling movies. He used them as his finishing moves.

He has a son named Leona who is also a professional wrestler and made his debut on November 19, 2013.

On March 28, 2015, he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Ric Flair.

## Championships

- **Catch Wrestling Association**
    - CWA Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Dramatic Dream Team**
    - KO-D Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Mikami)
- **New Japan Pro Wrestling**
    - IWGP Heavyweight Championship (six times)
    - IWGP Tag Team Championship (five times) (with Kengo Kimura (four) and Osamu Nishimura (one))
    - NWA International Junior Heavyweight Championship (two times)
    - NWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - WCWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - WWF International Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - WWF International Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Kengo Kimura)
    - WWF Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - G1 Climax (1993)
    - Super Grade Tag League (1991) (with Big Van Vader)
    - Karl Gotch Cup (1974)
- **Pacific Northwest Wrestling**
    - NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **Pro Wrestling Illustrated**
    - He was ranked **#31** of the 500 best singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003.
- **Tokyo Sports**
    - Best Bout Award (1983) (vs. Riki Chōshū on April 3)
    - Best Bout Award (1986) (vs. Akira Maeda on June 12)
    - Best Tag Team (1981) (with Antonio Inoki)
    - Distinguished Service Award (1978)
    - Fighting Spirit Award (1984)
    - MVP Award (1985)
    - Outstanding Performance Award (1980, 1982, 1987, 1988)
    - Rookie of the Year (1974)
    - Technique Award (1979)
- **Universal Wrestling Association**
    - UWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
- **World Wide Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Federation**
    - WWF International Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - WWWF Junior Heavyweight Championship (one time)
    - WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2015)
- **Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards**
    - Best Technical Wrestler (1985, 1986, 1988)
    - Most Outstanding Wrestler (1988)
    - Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)

## Other websites

- CAGEMATCH profile

## Infobox (wrestler)

- **name**: Tatsumi Fujinami
- **image**: Tatsumi fujinami.jpg
- **caption**: Fujinami being inducted into the 2015 WWE Hall of Fame
- **names**: **Tatsumi Fujinami**
Dr. Fujinami
- **birth place**: Kunisaki, Ōita, Kunisaki, Ōita Prefecture
- **trainer**: Karl Gotch
Antonio Inoki
- **debut**: May 9, 1971


## Infobox (chinese)

- **title**: 藤波 辰巳
- **kanji**: 藤波 辰巳
- **romaji**: Fujinami Tatsumi
- **hiragana**: ふじなみ たつみ
- **katakana**: フジナミ タツミ
Kirby: Triple Deluxe

***Kirby: Triple Deluxe*** is a _Kirby_ video game for the Nintendo 3DS console. It is the 13th platform game in the series. It was developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo. It was released in Japan on January 11, 2014, in North America on May 2, 2014, and in Europe on May 16, 2014. _Kirby: Planet Robobot_ is based off of this game. It released in 2016.

## Gameplay

_Kirby: Triple Deluxe_ is be a 2.5D (a type of game which plays like a 2D game, but has 3D graphics) platform game. Kirby is able to go into both the foreground and the background by using a special type of Warp Star, like in _Donkey Kong Country Returns_.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (vg)

- **title**: Kirby: Triple Deluxe
- **developer**: HAL Laboratory
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **series**: _Kirby (series), Kirby_
- **engine**: Kirby's Return to Dream Land engine
- **genre**: Platform game, Platformer, Action game, Action
- **platforms**: Nintendo 3DS
- **italic title**: no
Anyang (disambiguation)

**Anyang** () is a prefecture-level city in the north of Henan, China and the former capital of the Shang Dynasty

**Anyang** or **An Yang** may also refer to:

## China

- Anyang County (), Anyang, Henan
- Anyang River (), or Huan River, tributary of the Yellow River
- Anyang (), the name of Wang Ze's state during the Song dynasty
- Anyang Subdistrict, Rui'an, Zhejiang

- Towns
- Anyang, Guangxi, subdivision of Du'an Yao Autonomous County, Guangxi
- Anyang, Hubei, subdivision of Yunyang District, Shiyan, Hubei

- Townships
- Anyang Township, Gansu, subdivision of Ganzhou District, Zhangye, Gansu
- Anyang Township, Hebei, subdivision of Shunping County, Hebei
- Anyang Township, Zhejiang, subdivision of Chun'an County, Zhejiang

## South Korea

- Anyang, Gyeonggi

## Other

- USS _Kimberly_ (DD-521), loaned to the Republic of China Navy in Taiwan as ROCS _An Yang_ DD-18/DDG918, 1967–1999

## Related pages

- An Yang, Chinese figure skater born in 1984
Linear predictor function

In statistics and in machine learning, a **linear predictor function** is a linear function (linear combination) of a set of coefficients and explanatory variables (independent variables), whose value is used to predict the outcome of a dependent variable.  Functions of this sort are standard in linear regression, where the coefficients are termed regression coefficients. However, they also occur in various types of linear classifiers (e.g. logistic regression, perceptrons, support vector machines, and linear discriminant analysis), as well as in various other models, such as principal component analysis and factor analysis.  In many of these models, the coefficients are referred to as "weights".
Dere Street

**Dere Street** (later _Via Regia_ in Scotland) was a Roman road in Britain. It ran between Eboracum (York) and
the Antonine Wall at Bo'ness (Veluniate), in what is now Scotland.

Dere Street still exists as the route of major roads, including the A1 and A68  just north of Corbridge.

Its name comes from the post Roman Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Deira, through which the first part of its route lies. It was sometimes referred to as "Watling Street" and marked on some maps as such. This can cause it to be confused with the Watling Street that linked Dover with Wroxeter.

## Infobox (road)

- **name**: Dere Street
- **map**: Roman Roads in Britannia.svg
- **map alt**: Map of Roman Britain
- **map notes**: Route of Dere Street in blue
- **length mi**: 226
- **length notes**: [ Eboracum to Trimontium (Newstead), Trimontium;  Trimontium (Newstead), Trimontium to Bo'ness, Veluniate]
- **time period**: Roman Britain
- **terminus a**: Eboracum
- **terminus b**: Veluniate
Chris Furrh

**Chris Furrh** (born December 18, 1974) is an American actor. He was born in San Marcos, Texas. He is most famous for starring as Jack in the 1990 movie version of _Lord of the Flies_. After _Lord of the Flies_, he played the role of Nick Bankston in the 1990 television movie _A Family for Joe_. He played another castaway teenager in _Exile_. Furrh has since retired from acting.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Chris Furrh
- **imagesize**: 180px
- **birth name**: Christopher Furrh
- **birth place**: San Marcos, Texas, USA
- **years active**: 1988–1990
Simplex algorithm

The **Simplex algorithm** is an algorithm which is used to solve problems of Linear programming or linear optimization. It was first used by George Dantzig in 1947, but other people like Kantorovich laid the foundations in 1939. The algorithm runs in two steps:
1. First a solution to the problem is found, or the certainty that no solution exists.
1. The solution found earlier is improved, if this is possible.
Step 2 is run multiple times: Each time, a given solution is improved, until this is no longer possible.
Suicide of Amanda Todd

**Amanda Michelle Todd** (born November 27, 1996) died by suicide on October 10, 2012 at the age of 15 at her home in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada. She was a sophomore when she died. On October 10, 2012, she posted a video on YouTube called _My Story: Struggling, bullying, suicide and self-harm_. Todd's suicide was written about her life on index cards.  Many news websites linked to Todd's video. It had 1,600,000 views by October 13, 2012. Todd's death made people pay attention to the issue of cyberbullying, extortion and bullying. People made memorial pages for Todd on Facebook. Some people posted mean comments on them while others supported her.

## Background

On her YouTube video Todd revealed that she showed her breasts on a video chat. She got a message on Facebook from a man. The message said that if Todd did not show more parts of her body then he would post the pictures he had taken of her from the video chat to the Internet. The police came to her home to tell her that photos of her were sent to "everyone". Todd then got depression and panic disorder. She started abusing alcohol and drugs. Todd was asked by a boy to come to his house. The boy had a girlfriend but he acted like he liked Todd. She went to his house. The next week the boy's girlfriend appeared at Todd's school with fifteen other people. Todd was hurt really really bad and it was filmed by people who watched. When she went home she drank bleach. People made fun of her for doing this and wrote on Facebook that they wished that she had not survived.

## Aftermath

Aydin Coban, a 35-year-old man from The Netherlands was charged with extortion, internet luring, criminal harassment and child pornography in connection with Todd's suicide in 2014. Coban had already been sentenced to 10 years and 8 months in prison for committing sexual blackmail against victims in The Netherlands.

In December 2020, Coban was extradited to Canada to face trial in the Supreme Court of British Columbia. On August 5, 2022, a jury found him guilty on all charges and he was sentenced to 13 years in prison.

## Other websites

- _My Story: Struggling, bullying, suicide and self-harm_

## Infobox (news event)

- **title**: Suicide of Amanda Todd
- **place**: Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada
- **cause**: Suicide
- **inquest**: British Columbia Coroners Service
- **convicted**: Aydin Coban
- **trial**: June 6, 2022 – August 5, 2022
- **charges**: * Extortion
* Harassment#Canada, Criminal harassment
* Child sexual abuse, Communication with a young person to commit a sexual offence
* Child pornography laws in Canada, Possession of child pornography (2 counts)
- **verdict**: 13 years in prison
Janet Rowley

**Janet Davison Rowley** (April 5, 1925 - December 17, 2013) was an American geneticist. She was the first scientist to identify a chromosomal translocation as the cause of leukemia and other cancers in humans.

Rowley died at the age of 88 from complications of ovarian cancer.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **known for**: Identified chromosomal translocation as the cause of leukemia and other cancers
- **name**: Janet Rowley
- **image**: Janet Rowley 2009.jpg
- **image size**: 180px
- **caption**: Rowley at the White House in August 2009
- **birth place**: New York City
- **death place**: Chicago, Illinois
Ronnie Biggs

**Ronald Arthur** "**Ronnie**" **Biggs** (8 August 1929 – 18 December 2013) was a British robber. He is took part in the Great Train Robbery of 1963. The robbery happened on his birthday.

Biggs was born in Stockwell, Lambeth, London. He escaped from prison in 1965 and lived as a fugitive for 36 years. In 2001, he chose to return to the United Kingdom and spent the next eight years in prison.

Biggs was released from prison on compassionate grounds on 6 August 2009. He died in Barnet, London, aged 84. His cause of death was not released.

## Other websites

- Biggs' own web site
- _Guardian_ photo gallery of Biggs
- "The Big One: Ronald Biggs and the Great Train Robbery" , Crime Library
- Obituary  at the Daily Telegraph

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ronnie Biggs
- **image**: Ronnie-Biggs 1999 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Biggs in 1999
- **birth name**: Ronald Arthur Biggs
- **birth place**: Stockwell, Lambeth, London, England
- **death place**: Barnet, London, England
- **occupation**: Robber
- **known for**: Great Train Robbery (1963), Great Train Robbery of 1963
- **spouse**: (divorced)
 (his death)
- **children**: Nicholas (dead)
Christopher
Farley Paul
Michael Biggs, Michael
HM Prison Wakefield

**His Majesty's Prison Wakefield** is a Category A prison for men in Wakefield in England. Category A means that the prison is for the most dangerous criminals. It was built in 1594. It has about 740 prisoners. Harold Shipman was a prisoner there until he committed suicide in 2004. Ian Watkins was also a prisoner there.
Bruce Reynolds

**Bruce Richard Reynolds** (7 September 1931 – 28 February 2013) was a British criminal. He led the Great Train Robbery of 1963. At the time it was Britain's largest robbery. He stole an amount equal to £41 million today (2013). Reynolds spent five years on the run from police. He was imprisoned for 25 years in 1969. He was released in 1978. He wrote three books and performed with the band Alabama 3, for whom his son, Nick, plays.

Reynolds was born in Strand, London. He also had convictions for assault and supplying drugs.

He died in Croydon, London, at the age of 81.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bruce Reynolds
- **image**: Bruce-Reynolds 1999 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Reynolds in 1999
- **birth name**: Bruce Richard Reynolds
- **birth place**: Strand, London, Strand, London, England
- **death place**: Croydon, London, England
- **death cause**: Unknown
- **occupation**: Robber, drug dealer
- **known for**: Great Train Robbery (1963), Great Train Robbery of 1963
- **spouse**: Frances Reynolds (?-her death)
- **children**: Nick Reynolds
Buster Edwards

**Ronald Christopher Edwards** (27 January 1931 – 28 November 1994), known as **Buster Edwards**, was a British career criminal. He was born in Lambeth, London. He was a member of the gang of the Great Train Robbery. He had also been a boxer and nightclub owner. Edwards was in prison for nine years.

## Death

Edwards died after hanging himself (suicide) in Lambeth, at the age of 63. His cause of death is still disputed because many people thought he was too drunk to have chosen to kill himself.

A biopic, _Buster_, was released in 1988.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Buster Edwards
- **occupation**: Barman, Florist
- **nationality**: British
- **motive**: Financial gain
- **image size**: 200px
- **death place**: Lambeth, London, England, United Kingdom
- **conviction status**: Released in 1975 after serving nine years.
- **alias**: Buster
- **conviction penalty**: 15 years
- **conviction**: Great Train Robbery (1963), Great Train Robbery
- **death cause**: Suicide
- **birth place**: Lambeth, County of London, London, England, United Kingdom
- **birth name**: Ronald Christopher Edwards
- **spouse**: June Rose Rothery (1952-1994; his death)
Brian Field

**Brian Field** (15 December 1934 – 27 April 1979) was a British clerk and criminal. He was one of the people who organised the Great Train Robbery of 1963.

Fields died in a car crash in London. He was aged 44. His wife also died in the crash.
Charlie Wilson (criminal)

**Charles Frederick** "**Charlie**" **Wilson** (30 June 1932 – 23 April 1990) was a British criminal. He was born in Battersea, London. He was a member of the Great Train Robbery gang. He was shot dead by a hitman on a bicycle in 1990 when he was living in Marbella, Spain.
Operation Uphold Democracy

**Operation Uphold Democracy** was a military operation in Haiti. It was led by the United States, with help from Argentina, Netherlands, Poland, Belgium and CARICOM. It lasted from 19 September 1994, to 31 March 1995.

In 1991, the Haitian army overthrew Haiti's legally elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and created a new military government. The goal of Operation Uphold Democracy was to remove this military government and bring President Aristide back to power. The operation was protected and supported by the United Nations through Security Council Resolution 940, passed on 31 July 1994.

Operation Uphold Democracy was successful, bringing President Aristide back into control of the Haitian government.

## Infobox (military conflict)

- **image**: Port-au-Prince airfield seizure.jpg
- **caption**: <small>Soldiers of C Company, 22d Infantry Regiment (United States), 2nd Battalion 22nd Infantry, 10th Mountain Division (United States), 10th Mountain Division securing Toussaint Louverture International Airport, Port-au-Prince Airport on the first day of Operation Uphold Democracy.</small>
- **conflict**: Operation Uphold Democracy
- **date**: 19 September 1994 – 31 March 1995
- **place**: Haiti
- **result**: American victory. Reinstatement of Jean-Bertrand Aristide as President of Haiti
- **combatant1**:

- **commander1**: Bill Clinton
 George Fisher
 Slawomir Petelicki
 Enrique Molina Pico
 Jean-Bertrand Aristide
- **commander2**: Raoul Cédras
 Émile Jonassaint
- **casualties1**: 1 killed
- **casualties2**: 10 killed
Connemara

**Connemara** () is a district in the west of the Republic of Ireland. The Owenglin River flows into the sea at An Clochán/Clifden.  At first, Connemara was divided into North and South Connemara. The mountains of the Twelve Bens and the Owenglin River were the natural boundaries between the two parts.

Actor Peter O'Toole was born here in 1932.
County Galway

**County Galway** () is a county in Ireland. It is in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the city of Galway. The population of the county is 250,541 according to the 2011 census.
West Riding of Yorkshire

The **West Riding of Yorkshire** is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. From 1889 to 1974 the administrative county, _County of York, West Riding_ (abbreviated: _County of York (WR)_) (the area under the control of West Riding County Council), was based closely on the historic boundaries. The lieutenancy at that time included the City of York and as such was named _West Riding of the County of York and the County of the City of York_.[3]

Its boundaries roughly correspond to the present ceremonial counties of West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and the Craven, Harrogate and Selby districts of North Yorkshire, along with smaller parts in Lancashire (for example, the parishes of Barnoldswick, Bracewell, Brogden and Salterforth became part of the Pendle district of Lancashire and the parishes of Great Mitton, Newsholme and Bowland Forest Low became part of the Ribble Valley district also in Lancashire), Cumbria, Greater Manchester and, since 1996, the unitary East Riding of Yorkshire.
Venus (movie)

***Venus*** is a British comedy-drama movie. It stars Peter O'Toole, Leslie Phillips, Vanessa Redgrave, Richard Griffiths, and Jodie Whittaker. It is directed by Roger Michell and written by Hanif Kureishi. It was released to positive reviews on December 21, 2006.
Smart grid

The **smart grid** is a modern electrical grid that uses communication and information technology to collect information from the behavior of its customers. This is done so that it can automatically work itself to be more efficient and reliable in distributing electricity.
Invoice

An **invoice** is a document used in commerce, particularly in retail. It is made by a person or company who is selling something to a customer (or "buyer"). The invoice is given to the customer as a request for payment. It lists the goods or service provided to the customer, along with the price being charged for each of them.

Once the customer has paid for the goods or services, they may be given a receipt. The receipt is the customer's proof that they have paid for the products. A receipt is not the same thing as an invoice.

From the seller's point of view, an invoice is called the _sales invoice_. From the buyer's point of view, an invoice is called the _purchase invoice_.

Business owners, freelancers, accountants, even seasoned managers mix them up. And honestly, it makes sense. They look similar. They talk about money. They usually show up around the same time. But here’s the thing: the invoice and receipt difference is not just semantic — it’s legal, financial, and sometimes emotional (especially when taxes are involved).

## Components

- The word _invoice_
- Unique reference number
- Invoice date
- Credit terms
- Tax payments
- Name and contact detail of the seller and buyer
- Tax or company registration details of seller
- Date of transaction
- Purchase order number
- Description of products
- Unit prices of products
- Total amount charged
- Payment terms

## Types

- Collective invoice
- Continuation invoice
- Commercial invoice
- Credit memo invoice
- Debit memo invoice
- Electronic invoice
- Evaluated receipt settlement invoice
- Pro forma invoice
- Progress billing invoice
- Self-billing invoice
- Statement invoice
- Timesheet invoice

## Electronic invoices

- EDIFACT
- Open Application Group Integration Specification
- UBL
- ISDOC
Stan Stennett

**Stanley Llewelyn Stennett** (30 July 1925 – 26 November 2013) was a Welsh comedian, actor and jazz musician. He was known for his roles in _Coronation Street_ and _Casualty_.

Stennett died in hospital in Cardiff, at the age of 88.

## Other websites

- BBC website

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Stan Stennett
- **image**: Stan Stennett.jpg
- **caption**: Stennett in 2008
- **occupation**: Musician, comedian, actor
- **birth name**: Stanley Llewelyn Stennett
- **birth place**: Pencoed, Bridgend, Wales
- **death place**: Cardiff, Wales
Elmet

**Elmet** () was an independent Brittonic kingdom. It occupied the area of what was later the West Riding of Yorkshire. Elmet appears in records during the Early Middle Ages between the 5th century and early 7th century. Its neighbor to the east was the Anglian kingdom of Deira. The Anglian kingdom of Mercia was to the south. To the west it bordered on the Irish Sea. Elmet was the last surviving British kingdom in the early Anglo-Saxon period.

## History

Elmet emerged from Roman Britain as a British kingdom. The _Elmetsæte_ (people of Elmet) were listed in Tribal Hidage as 600 hides. Elmet may have originally been a subkingdom of the Brigantes. Ceredig, the last king of Elmet, was defeated in 617 by Edwin of Deira around Leeds in the south Pennines. Edwin expelled Ceredig from Elmet and from that time on Elmet was a part of Northumbria.

The kings of Elmet had a royal residence at Campodonum (possibly near Doncaster) and another at Loidis (Leeds). The Elmetsæte were apparently Christian, at least by the time they were conquered by Northumbria. Bede wrote of an abbot named Thrydwulf and his monastery in Elmet wood.

### Kings of Elmet

- Mascuid Gloff  (born c.440) - May have been the first king. He was a son of King Gwrast Lledlwm of Rheged
- Madog - Died at the Battle of Catraeth
- Gwallawg - Fought against Deira
- Ceredig - Last king; expelled from Elmet by Edwin of Deira

## Other websites

- John James, _On the Little British Kingdom of Elmet_
Elmet (UK Parliament constituency)

**Elmet** was a county constituency in West Yorkshire. This is seat in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by a simple majority of votes.

From 1997 the MP (member of Parliament) was Colin Burgon of Labour. Burgon did not stand in the 2010 general election. The constituency was created in 1983 to cover the far eastern wards of Leeds and neighbouring areas.

## Infobox (uk constituency main)

- **name**: Elmet
- **parliament**: uk
- **map1**: Elmet
- **map2**: EnglandWestYorkshire
- **map entity**: West Yorkshire
- **map year**: 2005
- **year**: 1983
- **abolished**: 2010
- **type**: County
- **previous**: Barkston Ash (UK Parliament constituency), Barkston Ash, Leeds East (UK Parliament constituency), Leeds East and Normanton (UK Parliament constituency), Normanton
- **next**: Elmet and Rothwell (UK Parliament constituency), Elmet and Rothwell
- **region**: England
- **county**: West Yorkshire
- **towns**: Garforth, Wetherby
- **elects howmany**: One
The Addams Family

**The Addams Family** is a group of characters in scary cartoons by Charles Addams. It might also mean:

- _The Addams Family_, a 1964 TV series based on the characters
- _The Addams Family_, a 1973 animated TV series
- _The Addams Family_, a 1991 movie based on the characters
- _The Addams Family_, a 1992 animated TV series
- _The Addams Family_ (musical), a dark musical comedy based on the characters, 2009 Chicago tryouts
- _The Addams Family_, a 2019 animated movie based on the characters
Electrical machine

An **electrical machine** is an electrical device that changes energy from one form to another, usually from mechanical energy to electrical energy or from electrical energy to mechanical energy.

## Types

- An electrical generator changes mechanical energy to electrical energy.
- An electrical motor changes electrical energy to mechanical energy.
- A transformer changes changes the voltage level of an alternating current.
Gaia (spacecraft)

**Gaia** was a space observatory. It was launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on 19 December 2013.  The mission aims to compile a 3D space catalogue of about one billion astronomical objects. The mission ended in March 27, 2025.

It will study about 1% of the Milky way population. A successor to the _Hipparcos_ mission, it is part of ESA's Horizon 2000 Plus long-term scientific program. Gaia monitored each of its target stars about 70 times over a period of five years.

Gaia created an extremely precise three-dimensional map of stars throughout the Milky Way galaxy and map their motions. This data is a product of the origin and subsequent evolution of the Milky Way. The spectroscopic measurements will find the physical properties of each star observed, their luminosity, temperature, gravity and elemental composition. Distances to about 20 million stars will be measured by annual parallax.

The massive stellar census will provide the basic observational data. With the data, astronomers hope to tackle a range of important problems, like the origin, structure, and evolutionary history of our galaxy. Large numbers of quasars, galaxies, extrasolar planets and Solar System bodies will be measured at the same time.

Gaia was launched using a Soyuz rocket from its Guiana Space Centre (GSC) in French Guiana. It is in a Lissajous orbit around the Sun–Earth L<sub>2</sub> Lagrangian point. As of April 2018 it has measured approximately a billion stars and other objects.
Space observatory

A **space observatory** or a **space telescope** is any instrument (such as a telescope) in outer space which is used for observation of distant objects. Planets, stars, galaxies, and other outer space objects may be viewed and recorded.  This category does not include observatories in space which are pointed toward the earth for the purpose of reconnaissance, meteorology and other types of information gathering.

All observation of space from Earth is filtered through the Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere filters and distorts what is seen and recorded.

Satellite-based telescopes opened up the Universe to human eyes. Turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere blurs images taken by ground-based telescopes, an effect known as seeing.  It is this effect that makes stars "twinkle" in the sky.  As a result, the pictures taken by satellite telescopes in visible light (for example, by the Hubble Space Telescope) are much clearer than Earth-based telescopes, even though Earth-based telescopes are very large.

Space-based astronomy is vital for frequency ranges outside the optical and radio windows. For example, X-ray astronomy is nearly impossible when done from the Earth. It has reached its present importance in astronomy due to orbiting X-ray telescopes. Infrared and ultraviolet are also largely blocked by the atmosphere. Most space observatories are in low Earth orbit.

## History

In 1946, American theoretical astrophysicist Lyman Spitzer was the first to propose a telescope in outer space, a decade before the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, _Sputnik_.

Spitzer said a large telescope in space, above the Earth's atmosphere, would see better.  His efforts resulted in the world's first space-based optical telescope, _Hubble Space Telescope_, which was launched on April 20, 1990 by the Space Shuttle _Discovery_ (STS-31). Others include Hipparcos and Gaia (spacecraft).
Leeds City College

**Leeds City College** is a college in the City of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is for further education, that is, education after finishing the compulsory years of secondary school. It is the largest college for further education in Leeds. It has around 57,000 students, and 2,300 staff. It makes about £78 million each year.

## Infobox (uk school)

- **name**: Leeds City College
- **latitude**: 53.801
- **longitude**: -1.558
- **established**: 1 April 2009 (merged)
- **type**: Further education college
- **head label**: Principal & CEO
- **head**: Peter Roberts
- **street**: Cookridge Street
- **city**: Leeds
- **county**: West  Yorkshire
- **country**: England
- **postcode**: LS2 8BL
- **ofsted**: yes
- **urn**: 135771
- **enrollment**: c57,000
- **gender**: Mixed
- **lower age**: 14
- **website**: http://www.leedscitycollege.ac.uk