July 19

### Up to 1900

- 64 – The Great Fire of Rome starts.
- 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern Emperor at Tarsus in modern-day Turkey.
- 711 – Ummayad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete – Ummayad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
- 1333 – Wars of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Halidon Hill ends in an English victory.
- 1545 – The Tudor battleship _Mary Rose_ sinks.
- 1553 – In England, Lady Jane Grey is replaced as queen by Mary I of England, having been queen for only a few days.
- 1572 – Wanli Emperor takes control in China, becoming the 13th Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
- 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The Spanish Armada is seen in the English Channel.
- 1692 – In the Salem Witch Trials, five women are hanged for witchcraft.
- 1701 – Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
- 1702 – Great Northern War: A larger Polish–Saxon Army of Augustus III the Strong, operating from a better defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish Army half its size under the command of Charles XII of Sweden, in the Battle of Klissow.
- 1821 – George IV of the United Kingdom is crowned king.
- 1832 – The British Medical Association is founded by Charles Hastings.
- 1843 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel's steamship, the SS _Great Britain_ is launched.
- 1848 – A Women's rights convention begins in Seneca Falls, New York.
- 1864 – Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking – Qing Dynasty defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
- 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
- 1900 – The first line of the Paris Metro opens.

### From 1901

- 1903 – Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
- 1908 – The Dutch football club Feyenoord of Rotterdam is founded.
- 1912 – A meteorite estimated to weigh 190 kilograms explodes over Holbrook, Arizona, causing around 16,000 pieces of debris to rain down on the village.
- 1916 – World War I: Battle of Fromelles – British and Australian troops attack German trenches.
- 1920 – Antonio Joaquim Granjo becomes Prime Minister of Portugal.
- 1936 – The Sieges of Oviedo and Gijon begin shortly after the start of the Spanish Civil War.
- 1941 – British Prime Minister Winston Churchill launches the V for Victory campaign.
- 1943 – World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft.
- 1947 – Several leading Burmese politicians, including Bogyoko Aung San, are executed by Galon U Saw.
- 1950 – West Germany and the Saarland join the European Council.
- 1952 – The Summer Olympics in Helsinki begin.
- 1961 – Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte.
- 1965 – The Mont Blanc road tunnel is opened.
- 1971 – The South Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City opens.
- 1976 – The Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
- 1979 – The Sandinistas take official control of the government in Nicaragua.
- 1979 – Two oil tankers collide near Trinidad and Tobago, causing an oil spill, and killing 29 seamen in the fire resulting from the collision.
- 1980 – The Summer Olympics in Moscow begin. Some Western countries, including the United States and West Germany, boycott the event.
- 1981 – French President Francois Mitterrand privately reveals to US President Ronald Reagan documents showing the Soviets had been stealing American technological research and development.
- 1985 – The Val di Stava dam collapses in Italy, killing 268 people.
- 1987 – In Portugal, the Social Democrats under Anibal Cavaco Silva become the first political party during the Third Republic to form an overall majority in parliament.
- 1989 – A United Airlines airplane crashes in Sioux City, Iowa, and bursts into flames, killing 112 out of the 296 people on board.
- 1992 – Anti–Mafia judge Paolo Borsellino and two police officers are killed by a car–bomb attack in Palermo, Sicily.
- 1996 – Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic is forced out of office. Wanted on war crimes charges, he goes into hiding until his arrest in 2008.
- 1996 – The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta begin, with Muhammad Ali lighting the Olympic flame.
- 1997 – The Provisional IRA resumes a ceasefire during the Northern Ireland Troubles.
- 2002 – In Scotland, the Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park is created.
- 2003 – The first successful tongue transplant is carried out in Vienna.
- 2007 – Pratibha Patil becomes the first woman to be chosen to become President of India.
- 2018 – Israel's Knesset passes a law defining the country as a Jewish Nation State.
- 2018 – A duck boat capsizes on Table Rock Lake in Southwestern Missouri, United States, killing 17 people (out of 31 on board), including 9 from the same family.
- 2019 – Iran seizes two British oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz.

### Up to 1900

- 1670 – Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (d. 1758)
- 1688 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary to China (d. 1766)
- 1698 – Johann Jakob Bodmer, Swiss writer and poet (d. 1783)
- 1739 – Joseph Stanton, Jr., American politician (d. 1807)
- 1744 – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet (d. 1806)
- 1759 – Seraphim of Sarov, Russian Orthodox Saint (d. 1833)
- 1764 – Juan José Castelli, Argentine politician (d. 1812)
- 1789 – John Martin, English painter (d. 1854)
- 1800 – Juan José Flores, first President of Ecuador (d. 1864)
- 1806 – Alexander Dallas Bache, American physicist (d. 1867)
- 1814 – Samuel Colt, American firearms inventor (d. 1862)
- 1819 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss writer (d. 1890)
- 1822 – Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
- 1827 – Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier (d. 1857)
- 1834 – Edgar Degas, French painter (d. 1917)
- 1840 – José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile (d. 1891)
- 1842 – Frederick T. Greenhalge, English-American lawyer and politician, 38th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
- 1848 – Pedro Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil (d. 1850)
- 1860 – Lizzie Borden, American accused murderess (d. 1927)
- 1863 – Hermann Bahr, Austrian writer and dramatist (d. 1934)
- 1865 – Charles Horace Mayo, American surgeon and founder of the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
- 1876 – Joseph Fielding Smith, 10th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
- 1876 – Ignaz Seipel, Austrian politician (d. 1952)
- 1877 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
- 1881 – Friedrich Dessauer, German philosopher and physicist (d. 1963)
- 1883 – Max Fleischer, Austrian animator and movie producer (d. 1972)
- 1884 – Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1954)
- 1886 – Michael Fekete, Hungarian–Israeli mathematician (d. 1957)
- 1890 – King George II of Greece (d. 1947)
- 1892 – Dick Irvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1957)
- 1893 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian poet (d. 1930)
- 1894 – Khawaja Nazimuddin, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
- 1894 – Aleksandr Yakovlevich Khinchin, Russian mathematician (d. 1959)
- 1895 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter (d. 1953)
- 1896 – A. J. Cronin, Scottish writer (d. 1981)
- 1898 – Herbert Marcuse, German-born philosopher (d. 1979)

### 1901 – 1950

- 1904 – Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer (d. 1985)
- 1914 – Marius Russo, baseball player (d. 2005)
- 1917 – William Scranton, American politician and diplomat, 38th Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 2013)
- 1920 – Robert Mann, American violinist, composer and conductor (d. 2018)
- 1920 – Aldo Protti, Italian opera singer (d. 1995)
- 1921 – André Moynet, French fighter pilot, businessman, politician and racing driver (d. 1993)
- 1921 – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2011)
- 1921 – Harold Camping, American evangelist and religious broadcaster, predicted the rapture (d. 2013)
- 1922 – Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan, 10th Yang di–Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia (d. 2008)
- 1922 – George McGovern, American politician (d. 2012)
- 1923 – Lon Simmons, American sportscaster (d. 2015)
- 1923 – Joseph Hansen, American writer (d. 2004)
- 1923 – Alex Hannum, American basketball player (d. 2002)
- 1924 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American politician (d. 2005)
- 1924 – Pat Hingle, American actor (d. 2009)
- 1924 – Arthur Rankin, Jr., American director, producer and writer (d. 2014)
- 1925 – Otto Arosemena, President of Ecuador (d. 1984)
- 1926 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, Ryan's Hope
- 1928 – Bobby Davidson, Scottish football referee (d. 1993)
- 1929 – Martin Grüner, German politician (d. 2018)
- 1932 – Erró, Icelandic artist
- 1934 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
- 1935 – Vasily Livanov, Russian movie actor and screenwriter
- 1935 – Nick Koback, American baseball player (d. 2015)
- 1935 – Gerd Albrecht, German conductor (d. 2014)
- 1937 – George Hamilton IV, American country music singer (d. 2014)
- 1938 – Vakhtang Kikabidze, Georgian movie actor, director and singer
- 1938 – Richard Jordan, American actor (d. 1993)
- 1941 – Vikki Carr, American singer
- 1943 – Thomas J. Sargent, American economist
- 1945 – George Dzundza, American actor
- 1945 – Paule Baillargeon, Canadian actress, director and screenwriter
- 1945 – Richard Henderson, Scottish molecular biologist, Nobel Prize for Chemistry laureate
- 1946 – Alan Gorrie, Scottish musician (Average White Band)
- 1946 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player
- 1947 – Bernie Leadon, American musician (The Eagles)
- 1947 – Brian May, English guitarist (Queen)
- 1947 – Hans-Jürgen Kreische, East German footballer
- 1948 – Atilio Ancheta, Uruguayan footballer
- 1948 – Keith Godchaux, American musician (Grateful Dead) (d. 1980)
- 1949 – Kgalema Motlanthe, former President of South Africa
- 1950 – Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian Minister of Finance
- 1950 – Freddy Moore, American songwriter

### 1951 – 1975

- 1952 – Allen Collins, American musician (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1990)
- 1952 – Robert A. Ficano, County Executive for Wayne County, Michigan (Detroit and environs)
- 1954 – Alvan Adams, American basketball player
- 1954 – Srđa Trifković, Serbian-American journalist
- 1955 – Dalton McGuinty, Canadian politician, 24th Premier of Ontario
- 1956 – Nikki Sudden, American musician (d. 2006)
- 1958 – Peter Houston, Scottish footballer and coach
- 1958 – Kazushi Kimura, Japanese footballer
- 1958 – Reuben Kane, American professional wrestler
- 1958 – Angharad Tomos, Welsh author and language activist
- 1959 – Juan José Campanella, Argentine director
- 1960 – Atom Egoyan, Canadian movie maker
- 1960 – Steve Viksten, American television writer and voice actor
- 1961 – Campbell Scott, American actor and director
- 1961 – Maria Filatova, Soviet gymnast
- 1961 – Niall Mackenzie, Scottish motorcycle road racer
- 1961 – Benoît Mariage, Belgian movie director
- 1961 – Hideo Nakata, Japanese movie director
- 1961 – Lisa Lampanelli, American comedienne
- 1962 – Anthony Edwards, American actor
- 1964 – Masahiko Kondo, Japanese singer, lyricist and actor
- 1965 – Evelyn Glennie, Scottish percussionist
- 1965 – Hailemariam Desalegn, Prime Minister of Ethiopia
- 1965 – Stuart Scott, American sportscaster (d. 2015)
- 1966 – Nancy Carell, American actress
- 1968 – Pavel Kuka, Czech footballer
- 1968 – Robert Flynn, American musician (Machine Head)
- 1969 – Gabrielle, English singer
- 1970 – Nicola Sturgeon, Scottish politician, 5th First Minister of Scotland
- 1971 – Urs Bühler, Swiss tenor (Il Divo)
- 1971 – Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician, Mayor of Kyiv
- 1971 – Naoki Soma, Japanese footballer
- 1971 – Russell Allen, American singer
- 1971 – Alan Marriott, Canadian voice actor
- 1972 – Ebbe Sand, Danish footballer
- 1972 – David Lammy, English politician
- 1973 – Martin Powell, English musician (Cradle of Filth)
- 1973 – Scott Walker, Canadian hockey player
- 1974 – Preston Wilson, American baseball player

### From 1976

- 1976 – Eric Prydz, Swedish DJ and producer
- 1976 – Benedict Cumberbatch, British actor
- 1976 – Vinessa Shaw, American actress
- 1976 – Gonzalo de los Santos, Uruguayan footballer
- 1976 – Angela Griffin, English actress
- 1977 – Tony Mamaluke, American wrestler
- 1977 – Charles John Spencer, American professional wrestler
- 1978 – Chiara Zanni, Canadian actress
- 1979 – Luke Young, English footballer
- 1979 – Rick Ankiel, American baseball pitcher
- 1980 – Xavier Malisse, Belgian tennis player
- 1980 – Michelle Heaton, English singer and model (Liberty X)
- 1980 – Mark Webber, American actor
- 1981 – Didz Hammond, bassist/backing vocalist (Dirty Pretty Things and The Cooper Temple Clause)
- 1981 – Nikki Osborne, Australian actress
- 1981 – Chris Spicuzza, American musician (Chimaira)
- 1982 – Jared Padalecki, American actor
- 1982 – Stuart Parnaby, English footballer
- 1983 – Brooke Kinsella, English actress
- 1983 – Helen Skelton, English television presenter
- 1984 – Diana Mocanu, Romanian swimmer
- 1984 – Adam Morrison, American basketball player
- 1985 – LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
- 1985 – Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
- 1986 – Leandro Greco, Italian footballer
- 1987 – Hugh Harris, English singer and guitarist (The Kooks)
- 1988 – Shane Dawson, American comedian and actor
- 1988 – Kevin Grosskreutz, German footballer
- 1990 – Aron Pálmarsson, Icelandic handball player
- 1990 – Steven Anthony Lawrence, American actor
- 1995 – Maria Paseka, Russian gymnast
- 1996 – Oh Ha-young, South Korean singer
- 1998 – Erin Cuthbert, Scottish footballer

### Up to 1900

- 514 – Pope Symmachus
- 806 – Li Shigu, Chinese general (b. 778)
- 931 – Uda of Japan (b. 867)
- 1374 – Francesco Petrarca, Italian poet (b. 1304)
- 1415 – Philippa of Lancaster (b. 1359)
- 1543 – Mary Boleyn, sister of Anne Boleyn (b. 1499)
- 1631 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher (b. 1550)
- 1682 – Yohannes I, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1640)
- 1692 – Sarah Good, accused at the Salem Witch Trials (b. 1653)
- 1692 – Susannah Martin, accused at the Salem Witch Trials (b. 1621)
- 1742 – William Somervile, English poet (b. 1675)
- 1810 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Prussia (b. 1776)
- 1814 – Matthew Flinders, English explorer of Australia (b. 1774)
- 1824 – Agustin de Iturbide, Emperor of Mexico (b. 1783)
- 1838 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist (b. 1785)
- 1838 – Christmas Evans, Welsh minister (b. 1766)
- 1850 – Margaret Fuller, American writer (b. 1810)
- 1857 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1796)
- 1878 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician (b. 1847)

### 1901 – 2000

- 1911 – Manuel Iradier, Spanish explorer (b. 1854)
- 1913 – Climaco Calderon, President of Colombia (b. 1852)
- 1925 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Archbishop of Quebec (b. 1840)
- 1943 – Yekaterina Budanova, Soviet flying ace (b. 1916)
- 1947 – Aung San, Burmese revolutionary, nationalist, general, and politician (b. 1915)
- 1947 – U Razak, Burmese politician (b. 1898)
- 1947 – Lyuh Woon-hyung, South Korean politician (b. 1886)
- 1965 – Rhee Syng-man, President of South Korea (b. 1875)
- 1970 – Egon Eiermann, German architect and designer (b. 1904)
- 1974 – Erno Schwarz, Hungarian footballer (b. 1904)
- 1975 – Lefty Frizzell, American country musician and singer (b. 1928)
- 1977 – Karl Ristikivi, Estonian writer (b. 1912)
- 1980 – Nihat Erim, Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912)
- 1980 – Hans Morgenthau, German political philosopher (b. 1904)
- 1982 – Hugh Everett, American physicist (b. 1930)
- 1984 – Faina Ranevskaya, Russian actress (b. 1896)
- 1989 – Kazimierz Sabbat, President of Poland (b. 1913)
- 1992 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian magistrate (b. 1940)

### From 2001

- 2003 – Pierre Graber, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1908)
- 2004 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1911)
- 2007 – Roberto Fontanarrosa, Argentine cartoonist (b. 1944)
- 2009 – Frank McCourt, Irish-American writer (b. 1930)
- 2009 – Henry Surtees, British racing driver (b. 1991)
- 2010 – David Warren, Australian inventor (b. 1925)
- 2012 – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian army general, intelligence officer and politician (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Hans Nowak, German footballer (b. 1937)
- 2013 – Bert Trautmann, German footballer (b. 1923)
- 2013 – Mel Smith, British comedian, actor, director and writer (b. 1952)
- 2013 – Simon Pimenta, Indian cardinal (b. 1920)
- 2014 – Lionel Ferbos, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1911)
- 2014 – John Fasano, American screenwriter, producer and director (b. 1961)
- 2014 – David Easton, Canadian political scientist (b. 1917)
- 2014 – Ingemar Odlander, Swedish journalist (b. 1936)
- 2014 – Yehuda Nir, Polish-born psychiatrist (b. 1930)
- 2014 – Iring Fetscher, German political scientist (b. 1922)
- 2014 – Rubem Alves, Brazilian theologian and philosopher (b. 1933)
- 2014 – Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician (b. 1933)
- 2014 – Skye McCole Bartusiak, American actress (b. 1992)
- 2014 – James Garner, American actor (b. 1928)
- 2015 – Gennadiy Seleznyov, Russian politician (b. 1947)
- 2015 – Galina Prozumenshchikova, Russian swimmer (b. 1948)
- 2015 – Van Alexander, American jazz composer, arranger and bandleader (b. 1915)
- 2015 – Stellan Bojerud, Swedish politician (b. 1944)
- 2015 – Carmino Ravosa, Argentine composer (b. 1930)
- 2016 – Carlos Gorostiza, Argentine playwright, theatre director and novelist (b. 1920)
- 2016 – Garry Marshall, American director, actor, producer and writer (b. 1934)
- 2016 – Chief Zee, American football fan (Washington Redskins) (b. 1941)
- 2017 – Miguel Blesa, Spanish banker (b. 1947)
- 2017 – Jake Butcher, American banker and politician (b. 1936)
- 2017 – Blaoui Houari, Algerian singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
- 2017 – Ralph Regula, American politician (b. 1924)
- 2018 – Rayo de Jalisco Sr., Mexican professional wrestler and actor (b. 1932)
- 2018 – Jon Schnepp, American film director and animator (b. 1967)
- 2018 – Denis Ten, Kazakhstani figure skater (b. 1993)
- 2019 – Agnes Heller, Hungarian philosopher (b. 1929)
- 2019 – César Pelli, Argentine architect (b. 1926)
- 2019 – Yao Lee, Chinese singer (b. 1922)
- 2019 – John Elya, Lebanese-born religious figure (b. 1928)
- 2019 – Bert Rechichar, American football player (b. 1930)
- 2019 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor (b. 1944)
- 2019 – Don Mossi, American baseball player (b. 1929)

## Observances

- Sandinista Day (Nicaragua)
- Martyrs' Day (Burma)
- Christopher Street Day