juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
1st People's Choice Awards

The **1st People's Choice Awards** was in 1975. It was broadcast on CBS. The awards were given to the best in popular culture for 1974.

## Presenters

- Richard Crenna
- Army Archerd
- Bob Hope
- Lynn Anderson
- Jimmy Cohn
- Jacqueline Bisset
- Brenda Vaccaro
- Sammy Davis Jr.
- Raquel Welch
- Faye Dunaway
- Alan Alda
- Barbra Streisand
- Carol Burnett
- Michael Landon
- Wayne Rogers
- Ted Knight
- Shirley Jones
- Ann-Margret
- Natalie Wood
- Robert Wagner
- Dyan Cannon
- Danny Thomas
- Valerie Braun
- George Segal
- Cher

## Awards

The winners are listed first. The winners are in **bold**. The Gallop Poll caused some of the votes to be tied.

### Movies

|colspan="2"|Favorite Motion Picture|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|colspan="2" valign="top"|****The Sting***|||
|valign="top"|***Barbra Streisand** *Faye Dunaway *Raquel Welch|valign="top"|***John Wayne** *Marlon Brando *Paul Newman *Robert Redford|

### Television

|Favorite Television Comedy Program|Favorite Dramatic Television Program|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign="top"|****All in the Family*** *_Good Times_ *_Sanford and Son_|valign="top"|****The Waltons*** ****Kojak***|
|valign="top"|***Mary Tyler Moore** *Carol Burnett *Valerie Harper|valign="top"|***Alan Alda (tie)** ***Telly Savalas (tie)** *Peter Falk|
|valign="top"|***Carol Burnett** *Mary Tyler Moore *Barbra Streisand|valign="top"|***Bob Hope** *Johnny Carson *Sammy Davis Jr.|
|colspan="2" valign="top"|****The Carol Burnett Show*** *_Tony Orlando and Dawn_ *_The Lawrence Welk Show_|||

### Music

|Favorite Male Singer|Favorite Female Performer|||
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|valign="top"|***Mac Davis** *John Denver *Elton John|valign="top"|***Olivia Newton-John (tie)** *Barbra Streisand ***Lynn Anderson (tie)** *Helen Reddy|
|colspan="2" valign="top"|***The Osmond Brothers** ***Chicago** *Tony Orlando and Dawn|||

### Others

|Favorite Outstanding Sports Figure||
| --- | --- |
|valign="top"|***Hank Aaron (tie)** ***Joe Namath (tie)** *Billie Jean King|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 1st People's Choice Awards
- **date**: March 4, 1975
- **host**: Richard Crenna
- **network**: CBS
- **main**: People's Choice Awards
- **next**: 2nd People's Choice Awards, 2nd
8th People's Choice Awards

The **8th People's Choice Awards** was in 1982. It was broadcast on CBS. It awarded the best American popular culture for 1981.

## Winners

Favorite All-Around Female Entertainer:
Barbara Mandrell

Favorite Country/Western Musical Performer:
Kenny Rogers

Favorite Female Musical Performer:
Barbara Mandrell

Favorite New Song:
"Endless Love"

Favorite TV Dramatic Program:
_Dallas_

Favorite Female TV Performer:
Barbara Mandrell

Favorite Young TV Performer:
Gary Coleman

Favorite Male Musical Performer:
Kenny Rogers

Favorite Overall New TV Program:
_Hill Street Blues_

Favorite TV Comedy Program:
_M*A*S*H_

Favorite Male TV Performer:
Alan Alda

Favorite New TV Dramatic Program:
_Hill Street Blues_

Favorite TV Special:
Bob Hope

Favorite Male Performer in a New TV Program:
James Garner

Favorite Motion Picture:
_Raiders of the Lost Ark_

Favorite Female Performer in a New TV Program:
Linda Evans

Favorite Motion Picture Actor:
Burt Reynolds

Favorite Motion Picture Actress:
Sally Field,
Jane Fonda

Favorite New TV Comedy Program:
_Private Benjamin_

Favorite All-Around Male Entertainer:
Burt Reynolds

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: 8th People's Choice Awards
- **date**: March 18, 1982
- **host**: Army Archerd and John Forsythe
- **network**: CBS
- **main**: People's Choice Awards
- **previous**: 7th People's Choice Awards, 7th
- **next**: 9th People's Choice Awards, 9th
Atelognathus solitarius

The **Las Bayas frog**  (_Atelognathus solitarius_) is a frog.  It lives in Argentina.

## Home

This frog lives in rocky places near creeks in the land around volcanoes. Scientists saw this frog 900 meters above sea level in Las Bayas Creek, which is in Rio Negro Province.

## Young

Scientists do not know where this frog lays eggs or has tadpoles.

## Danger

Scientists do not know whehter this frog is in danger of dying out. Sheep eat grass near where the frog lives, but scientists don't know if this hurts the frog.
June 2025 Los Angeles protests

Starting on June 6, 2025, people began protesting immigration raids in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Protests began in Los Angeles on June 6, when Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) came many city locations to arrest illegal immigrants.

On June 6, protests against the raids turned into riots when people fought with the Los Angeles Police Department and ICE. On June 7, more clashes happened with federal forces in Paramount and Compton during more raids. President Donald Trump then sent 300 National Guard soldiers to the city using Title 10. The Defense Secretary, Pete Hegseth, said the Marine Corps is ready to help if things get worse.

At least 56 were arrested. Some police and protestors were hurt.

In regard to the U.S. president putting in place, (groups or) units from the National Guard, against the wish of the governor of a U.S state: Such happeneded previously, as late as a presidency in 1965, according to media.

700 marines are being mobilized (as of June 9), in the U.S. president's "use of the military as a show of force against protesters", according to media; Furthermore, the 700 marines and "the National Guard troops ... are prohibited from [doing] law enforcement activity such as making arrests unless Trump invokes the Insurrection Act". These marines will have a mission; [That will include] protecting federal agents and federal buildings.

## Infobox (civil conflict)

- **title**: June 2025 Los Angeles protests
- **image**: CA National Guard, June 2025.jpg
- **caption**: California National Guard troops in Los Angeles
- **date**: June 6, 2025  present
()
- **place**: (Cities of Paramount, California, Paramount, Los Angeles, and Compton, California, Compton), Los Angeles County, California, United States, U.S.
- **causes**: Operation Aurora, Deportations during Trump's second term
- **goals**: Stopping deportation by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, ICE
- **methods**: Demonstration, Political demonstration, Riot, rioting, civil disobedience, Civil disorder, civil unrest, arson
- **status**: Ongoing
- **side1**: **Protests against Donald Trump, Local protesters

- **side2**: ----
 Los Angeles Police Department
 Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
- **leadfigures1**: *No official leadership
- **leadfigures2**: * Second presidency of Donald Trump, Federal Government
** **Commander-In-Chief** Donald Trump
** **Secretary of Defense** Pete Hegseth
** **Secretary of Homeland Security** Kristi Noem
** **Acting Director of ICE** Todd Lyons
** **Director of the FBI** Kash Patel
** **Adjutant General of the CNG''' Major General, MG Matthew P. Beevers
- **howmany1**: 200 protesters (June 6)
- **howmany2**: 300 California National Guard troops
- **casualties1**: 3 injured

- **casualties2**: 6 injured
- **casualties3**: 1 Australian news reporter injured
Bludgeoning Angel Dokuro-chan

**Bludgeoning Angel** **Dokuro-chan** (撲殺天使ドクロちゃん, _Bokusatsu Tenshi Dokuro-chan_) is a light novel series created by Masaki Okayu in 2003, first it received a manga adaptation, then it got a visual novel adaptation, finally that it received a anime adaptation that ran from 2005 until 2007 with 2 seasons.

The series was illustrated by the now-deceased artist, Torishimo.

## Plot

It is about Sakura Kusakabe (草壁 桜), a 14-year-old middle school student who in the future will discover Immortality but by discovering it, he makes a device that stops all women from aging after they turn 12-years-old because he wants to build a "Lolicon's world", God is not happy with this so he sents Dokuro Mitsukai, a 12-year-old Angel assassin from the future to kill Sakura.

However, instead of killing Sakura as she was tasked to do, Dokuro falls in love with him, she often kills and revives Sakura with a club called the "Excalibolg", which has a resemblance to a baseball bat but with spikes in it.
Galapagos X

***Galapagos X*** is a Canadian animated educational science children's television series since November 25, 2023 on Knowledge Kids and TVOKids for Big Bad Boo Studios, the series' creators of _Odd Squad_ and _Wild Kratts_.
Adventures of the Gummi Bears

***Adventures of the Gummi Bears*** is an American animated children's television series created by Jymn Magon and produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. The series ran from the United States on September 14, 1985 to February 22, 1991 (aired on NBC in the first four seasons, ABC in the fifth season, and The Disney Afternoon in the sixth season).
You Carry Me (movie)

***You Carry Me*** () is a 2015 Croatian Slovenian Serbian Montenegrin drama movie directed by Ivona Juka and starring Lana Barić, Vojislav Brajović, Nataša Janjić, Goran Hajduković, Helena Beljan.
The Kids from the Marx and Engels Street

***The Kids from the Marx and Engels Street*** () is a 2014 Montenegrin Slovenian crime drama movie directed by Nikola Vukčević and starring Momčilo Otašević, Goran Bogdan, Ana Sofrenović, Emir Hadžihafizbegović, Branka Stanić, Filip Đuretić.
Prior Lake, Minnesota

**Prior Lake** is a city in Scott County, Minnesota. The population of Prior Lake was 27,617 at the 2020 census.
Savage, Minnesota

**Savage** is a city in Scott County, Minnesota. The population of Savage was 32,465 at the 2020 census.
Boycotts of Israel in sports

A number of countries have refused to recognize Israel and have boycotted its athletes in sports. This has led to Israeli athletes being disqualified or denied entry to some competitions. Even in events like the Olympics, some Arab and Muslim athletes avoid competing against Israelis. In countries like Iran, athletes are required by their governments not to compete against Israelis or in Israel.

From 1954 to 1974, Israel was part of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). Due to the Arab League's boycott, many Arab and Muslim nations refused to play against Israel. In 1958, Israel advanced in the World Cup qualifiers without playing a game, which led Fifa to require a playoff match with Wales (Israel lost). In 1974, Israel was removed from the AFC, mainly due to pressure from Kuwait.

To continue competing, Israel joined UEFA (Europe’s football group) as an associate member in 1992 and became a full member in 1994. The BDS movement has pushed for Israel to be banned from Fifa, but these efforts have failed. The 1976 Chess Olympiad was held in Haifa, Israel, causing controversy because countries like the Soviet Union and many Arab nations did not recognize Israel. When FIDE (the world chess federation) refused to move the event, the Soviet Union, its allies, and Arab nations boycotted it and held a separate Olympiad in Tripoli, Libya. In 2017, Israeli judoka Tal Flicker won gold at a tournament in the UAE, but officials there refused to display the Israeli flag or play the national anthem. Instead, they used the International Judo Federation's (IJF) symbols and anthem. Israeli athletes were also banned from wearing national symbols. That year, Saudi Arabia denied visas to seven Israeli chess players.

However, in 2018, the UAE allowed the Israeli flag and anthem after another Israeli judoka, Sagi Muki, won gold. Later that year, a group of international lawyers, including Alan Dershowitz, planned to challenge the banning of Israeli symbols at sports events. The IJF cancelled tournaments in Tunisia and Abu Dhabi over these restrictions. The World Chess Federation also threatened to ban Tunisia from hosting if Israeli players weren’t granted visas. In 2019, Israel’s national anthem was played in Qatar when Israeli gymnast Alexander Shatilov won gold, and it had also been played in Abu Dhabi in 2018 after another Israeli win.

On New Year’s Eve 2024, Jordan’s Football Association called for strong international action to stop Israeli sports participation, demanding strict sanctions in response to Israel's actions in Gaza and the occupied territories.
Mison

**Mison** is a commune of 1,115 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Mison
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: View of Mison.jpg
- **caption**: A general view of the village of Mison and the castle
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Mison.svg
- **arrondissement**: Forcalquier
- **canton**: Sisteron
- **insee**: 04123
- **postal code**: 04200
- **mayor**: Robert Gay
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Sisteronais Buëch
- **elevation m**: 610
- **elevation min m**: 489
- **elevation max m**: 735
- **area km2**: 31.72
Montagnac-Montpezat

**Montagnac-Montpezat** is a commune of 405 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.
Montclar, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

**Montclar** is a commune of 397 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Montclar
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Église au Serre Nauzet.JPG
- **caption**: The church of Saint-Michel, in Serre Nauzet
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Montclar04.svg
- **arrondissement**: Digne-les-Bains
- **canton**: Seyne
- **insee**: 04126
- **postal code**: 04140
- **mayor**: Béatrice Savornin
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Communauté d'agglomération Provence-Alpes, CA Provence-Alpes
- **elevation m**: 1120
- **elevation min m**: 1082
- **elevation max m**: 2500
- **area km2**: 23.38
Montfort, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

**Montfort** is a commune of 333 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Montfort
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image**: Montfort, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France-7764.jpg
- **caption**: A general view of the village of Montfort
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Montfort.svg
- **arrondissement**: Forcalquier
- **canton**: Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban
- **insee**: 04127
- **postal code**: 04600
- **mayor**: Yannick Gendron
- **term**: 2020–2026
- **intercommunality**: Jabron Lure Vançon Durance
- **elevation m**: 500
- **elevation min m**: 395
- **elevation max m**: 860
- **area km2**: 12.08
Montfuron

**Montfuron** is a commune of 220 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.
Montjustin

**Montjustin** is a commune of 57 people (2022). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeast France.
Metropolitan bishop

A **metropolitan bishop** (or **metropolitan**) is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations with an episcopal polity (a church ruled by bishops).

In the early Christian Church, a metropolitan was the bishop of the main city in a Roman province. The First Council of Nicaea (in AD 325) gave him special authority over other bishops in that area. These other bishops were later called suffragan bishops.

In modern times, a metropolitan bishop is the head bishop of a metropolitan see (the main diocese of a church province). He often has the title of archbishop, so is called a **metropolitan archbishop**. In some churches, like the Church of Greece, all dioceses are called **metropolises**, and all their bishops are called **metropolitans**. Only the main leader of the church is called an archbishop.

## Related pages

- Archbishop
- Suffragan bishop
- Diocese
- Ecclesiastical province
- Canon law
The Carter Effect

***The Carter Effect*** is a Canadian sports documentary movie. It was first shown at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 9, 2017 and then released on May 1, 2018 in the United States on Netflix. It was directed by Sean Menard and produced by LeBron James, Maverick Carter, Drake, and Adel Future Nur.

The documentary follows the career of NBA player Vince Carter. It mainly focuses on his time with the Toronto Raptors, where he was a star player and the impact that he had on both the city of Toronto and the game of basketball in Canada.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: The Carter Effect
- **director**: Sean Menard
- **starring**: Vince Carter
- **music**: Tom Caffey
- **cinematography**: Tomasz Kurek
- **editing**: Sean Menard
- **studio**: Uninterrupted
- **distributor**: Toronto International Film Festival
Netflix
- **runtime**: 60 mins.
- **country**: Canada
United States
- **language**: English
Episcopal polity

**Episcopal polity** is a way of organizing Christian churches where bishops are the main leaders. These bishops are part of a church hierarchy.

## Organization

Many Christian churches use episcopal polity. These include:
- The Catholic Church
- The Eastern Orthodox Church
- The Oriental Orthodox Churches
- The Anglican Communion
- The Assyrian Church of the East
- Some Lutheran churches
- Some Methodist churches
- Some Old Catholic and independent catholic churches

In churches with episcopal polity, bishops have special authority. They often lead a diocese and are part of an unbroken line of church leaders called apostolic succession.

Other types of church government include:
- Presbyterian polity – churches are led by groups of elders.
- Congregational polity – each church governs itself without bishops or elders.

## Episcopal churches today

Some churches, like the Church of Sweden, use episcopal polity and say their bishops are part of the historic episcopate.

Some Lutheran churches (like the Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church or Lutheran Church-International) also use this system. Others may use presbyterian or congregational systems.

Many Methodist churches use a version of episcopal polity called **connexionalism**. Their bishops do not always claim apostolic succession, but they keep similar roles.

## Related pages

- Archbishop
- Metropolitan bishop
- Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
- Ecclesiastical province
Between the Lions

***Between the Lions*** is an American animated live action puppet educational children's television series ran from April 2, 2000 to November 22, 2010 on PBS Kids for WGBH-TV.
Black Ice (2022 movie)

***Black Ice*** is a Canadian sports documentary movie. It was first shown at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 10, 2022. It was directed by Hubert Davis and produced by Vinay Virmani, Drake, LeBron James, and Maverick Carter. It is somewhat based on the 2004 novel _Black Ice: The Lost History of the Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes, 1895-1925_ by Darril Fosty and George Fosty.

The documentary focuses on the life and careers of black players in ice hockey. It shows the racism that players of black endure while playing and highlights the contributions that they have brought to the sport of ice hockey. The documentary also highlights the all-black Coloured Hockey League of the Maritimes (CHL) which predates the National Hockey League (NHL).

## Reception

The movie received positive reviews from critics. It holds a 96% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Black Ice
- **director**: Hubert Davis (filmmaker), Hubert Davis
- **writer**: Hubert Davis
- **based on**: _Black Ice: The Lost History of the Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes, 1895-1925_ by Darril Fosty and George Fosty
- **music**: Simon Poole
- **cinematography**: Chris Romeike
- **editing**: Eamonn O'Connor
- **studio**: First Take Entertainment
Uninterrupted Canada
Black Ice Productions
- **distributor**: Elevation Pictures
- **runtime**: 97 mins.
- **country**: Canada
- **language**: English
- **gross**: $47,362
Armpit fetishism

**Armpit fetishism** (also known as **maschalagnia** or **axillism** (also spelled **axilism**)) means the sexual attraction to armpits. This may lead to armpit intercourse (sexual activity with one or both armpits).

## Smell

The body's natural smell is a powerful force in sexual attraction, and some people enjoy by the strong smell of the armpits. Alex Comfort said women who shaved their armpits were commiting “simply ignorant vandalism”, and he praised the French, who he thought used less deodorant!

A woman's armpits and armpit hair can represent her femininity in society. This can be seen as a good thing, by people who like women's arpmit hair  or a bad thing by people who don't.

Havelock Ellis found evidence that smelling your own armpit could give you more energy, but not only in a sexual context.

Another study in 2013 said that chemicals named _pheremones_ in armpit sweat can improve your mood when they are licked. This could be why some people are sexually attracted to armpits.

## Fetish

People who have an armpit fetish, or _armpit fetishists_ often enjoy licking, kissing, tasting, tickling and smelling their partner's armpits during sex. Some armpit fetishists ask their partner to not wash their armpits or wear deodorant for a period of hours or even days to make them smell stronger.

### Bagpiping

**Bagpiping** is when someone puts their penis in someone else's armpit. It is called bagpiping because the sex act looks like someone playing bagpipes .

## Armpit fetishism in books

- The French writer Huysmans wrote an essay called 'Le Gousset' on the various smells of women's armpits. He called these different smells "spice boxes".
- Havelock Ellis quotes a Chinese poet writing to his lover of "your odorous armpit ... that embalsamed nest".
- In some cultures myths feature figures with vaginas and vulvas in their armpits.

## In popular culture

- The character Reimu Hakurei, from the Touhou Project, a series of video games, dresses with her armpits exposed. Due to this, her armpits are sometimes a target for (often sexually oriented) jokes and memes. She is commonly called "waki miko" (腋巫女, lit. "armpit miko") in the Japanese fanbase.
Shimon Redlich

**Shimon Redlich** (born 1935) is an Israeli historian who survived the Holocaust. Redlich is a professor emeritus at Ben Gurion University. He is an expert in the modern history of Jews in Eastern Europe.

## Life

Shimon Redlich was born in Lviv in 1935. He and his family moved to Brzezany, located in what is now Ukraine, the same year. In 1943, his father was killed during a round-up, and the family went into hiding with the help of a Polish and a Ukrainian families. Redlich is one of the child survivors starring in the 1948 film _Unzere kinder_.

In 1950, he emigrated to Israel. He earned a BA at Hebrew University, an MA from Harvard University, and a PhD from New York University. In 1972, he began teaching at Ben Gurion University, and retired as full professor in 2003.

## Related pages

- Shira Klein
- Havi Dreifuss
- Saul Friedländer
- Renée Poznanski
- Izabella Tabarovsky
All-American Girls (song)

"**All-American Girls**" is a 1981 song by Sister Sledge and is the title track to their fifth studio album _All American Girls_. It went to number 6 in Belgium, number 8 in the Netherlands, number 41 in the United Kingdom and number 79 in the United States.

## Track listings

**7" single "All American Girls"**
- A. "All American Girls"
    - (Allee Willis, Joni Sledge, Lisa Walden)
- B. "Happy Feeling"
    - (Kathy Sledge)
- <small>Cotillion Records 46007</small>

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: All American Girls
- **type**: single
- **artist**: Sister Sledge
- **album**: All American Girls
- **b-side**: "Happy Feeling"
- **released**: March
- **recorded**: 1980
- **genre**: *Disco
*R&B
*Pop music, Pop
- **label**: Cotillion Records
- **writer**: *Allee Willis
*Joni Sledge
*Lisa Walden
- **producer**: Narada Michael Walden
- **prev title**: Let's Go on Vacation
- **prev year**: 1980
- **next title**: Next Time You'll Know
- **next year**: 1981
Clifford's Puppy Days

***Clifford's Puppy Days*** is an American animated children's television series ran from September 1, 2003 to February 19, 2006 on PBS Kids in the United States and CBeebies in the United Kingdom, but it is the spin-off early events of _Clifford the Big Red Dog_.
It's a Big Big World

***It's a Big Big World*** is an American live action puppet children's television series that aired on PBS Kids from January 2, 2006 to January 8, 2010.
IBAC

**IBAC** can be
- Ibac, a comics character.
- IBAC (cycling team), team of professional bicyclists
- in-band adjacent-channel
- Identity-based access control
- Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (Victoria)
- International Bioacoustics Council

- LBAC, Lattice-based access control, part of Digital television technology
- RBAC, Role-based access control
Claudio Adragna

**Claudio Adragna** is an Italian electronics engineer, manager, and inventor. He is known for his work in power conversion, especially in designing switch-mode power supplies and control chips. He has worked in important roles at STMicroelectronics.

## Early life and education

Adragna was born in Trapani, Italy. He studied electronics engineering at the University of Palermo, where he finished with high marks. His final project was about using sliding-mode controllers to run AC brushless motors. After finishing university, he became a licensed professional engineer in Italy.

## Career

At the start of his career, Adragna worked as a software developer. He also taught electronics at a high school in Trapani. In 1992, he joined a research group called Co.Ri.M.Me., which was a partnership between SGS-Thomson (now STMicroelectronics) and the University of Catania. The group worked on microelectronics research.

In 1994, Adragna started working at SGS-Thomson (now STMicroelectronics) as an applications engineer in the industrial division in Agrate Brianza, Italy. From 2005 to 2020, he led the Power Conversion Applications Laboratory. In 2021, he became Senior Director of Power Conversion Innovation and a technical advisor in the Application Specific Product Division.

## Honors

Adragna became a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015. In 2024, he was made an IEEE Fellow.

## Other websites

- Patents by Inventor Claudio Adragna
FFF

**FFF** can be

### Music

- "FFF", a song from the album _Cryptic Writings_ by American thrash metal band Megadeth
- "FFF", a song from the album _Album_ by Public Image Ltd
- "FFF", a song from the album _Född förlorare_ by Swedish black metal group Shining
- "FFF", a song from the album _Poster Girl_ by Swedish singer Zara Larsson
- "F.F.F.", a song from the EP _All Your Fault: Pt. 1_ by American singer Bebe Rexha
- _fff_, in music dynamics, _forte fortissimo_ or _fortississimo_—as loud as can be played

## Organisations

- Fridays For Future, a youth-led climate justice movement
- Federation of Free Farmers, an agricultural organization in the Philippines
- FFF, ICAO code for Freedom Air Services a defunct Nigerian airline

- _Fédération Française de Football_ (French Football Federation), the governing body of football in France

### Breweries

- Triple fff Brewery, a brewery in Alton, Hampshire, England
- Three Floyds Brewing, a microbrewery in Munster, Indiana, U.S.

## Science and technology

- Fused filament fabrication, a 3D printing process that uses thermoplastic material

- Field flow fractionation, a fluid separation technique
- Feed-forward filter, the forward part of decision feedback equalizer
- Parafluorofuranylfentanyl, an opioid designer drug

## Sport

- Falkenbergs FF, a Swedish football team
- Farm Fresh Foxies, a Philippine volleyball team
- French Football Federation (French: __)
- Full Force Fighting, an American mixed martial arts promotion
- FFF Racing Team, a Chinese auto racing team

- Five finger fillet, a game played with a knife
- Three Fs, a series of demands first issued by the Tenant Right League in Ireland
- 3F (disambiguation)
Fibe

**Fibe**, earlier known as EarlySalary, is a financial technology company based in India. It was started in 2015 by Akshay Mehrotra and Ashish Goyal and is located in Pune, Maharashtra. The company provides short term loans and other credit services to individuals. The name was changed to Fibe in 2022.

## History

The company began operations in 2015 under the name EarlySalary. In May 2018, it acquired a consumer lending platform called CashCare.

After the acquisition, it introduced a service known as Checkout Finance, which allowed users to make purchases and pay later. In 2022, the company changed its name to Fibe.

That same year, media report estimated the company’s value at around $350 million after completing a Series D funding round led by Norwest Venture Partners and The Rise Fund, managed by TPG. In September 2022, the company increased its operations from 18 cities to 150. It also acquired HealthFin in 2022.

In January 2023, Fibe and Narayana Health launched the CareNow PayLater program to provide medical loans for planned and emergency treatments.

In August 2023, Fibe entered into a partnership with UdChalo to provide personal loan designed for Indian Defence Personnel. Through this collaboration, members of the armed forces could access personal loans, with specific interest rate offers and no charges for early repayment.

In October 2023, Fibe, in collaboration with Axis Bank, introduced a numberless credit card in India. The physical card does not include visible details such as the card number, CVV, or expiry date.

In June 2024, Fibe raised $90 million in a Series E funding round with new and existing investors. According to The Hindu, the company had given loans through over six million accounts and served 25 million users. It was operating in 350 cities.

## Recognition

In 2023, Fibe was named the winner in the fintech startup category at the G20-DIA Global Startup Pitching event, organized by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India.

Fibe received the IAMAI Digital Responsibility Award for improving access to healthtech services.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: Fibe
- **former name**: EarlySalary
- **logo**: Fibe India.png
- **type**: Private
- **industry**: financial technology
- **founded**: 2015
- **founders**: Akshay Mehrotra, Ashish Goyal
- **area served**: India (350 cities)
- **key people**: Akshay Mehrotra (Co-founder & CEO), Ashish Goyal (Co-founder)
- **services**: Consumer lending
- **revenue**: ₹414.3 crore (FY23)
- **net income**: ₹36.3 crore (FY23)
- **website**: [https://www.fibe.in fibe.in]
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

The **Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology** (MeitY) is a part of the Government of India that looks after matters related to information technology and electronics. It became a separate ministry on 19 July 2016 after being split from the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. MeitY is responsible for creating and managing policies related to digital services, IT development, and electronic systems. One of its supported initiatives is the "Northeast Heritage" website, which shares information about the northeastern region of India. This platform is available in multiple languages, including Assamese, Meitei (Manipuri), Bodo, Khasi, Mizo, Hindi, and English.

## Infobox (government agency)

- **name**: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
- **agency name**: Ministry of Electronics and Information mk Technology
- **type**: Ministry
- **seal**: Government of India logo.svg
- **seal width**: 100px
- **seal caption**: Branch of Government of India
- **logo**: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.svg
- **logo size**: 250px
- **logo caption**: Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
- **formed**: 5 July 2016
- **preceding1**: Ministry of Communications and Information Technology
- **jurisdiction**: Government of India
- **headquarters**: Sanchar Bhawan
New Delhi
- **budget**: <small>(2023-24 est.)</small>
- **minister1 name**: Ashwini Vaishnaw
- **minister1 pfo**: Cabinet Minister
- **minister2 name**: Jitin Prasada
- **minister2 pfo**: Minister of State
- **chief1 name**: S Krishnan Indian Administrative Service, IAS
- **chief1 position**: Electronics and Information Technology Secretary
- **url**: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-bytes/alkesh-kumar-sharma-appointed-as-new-meity-secretary/articleshow/91288892.cms
- **website**:
Lacuna (manuscripts)

A **lacuna** (pl. lacunae) is a gap in a piece of writing or other form of art. A text suffering from gaps is said to be "lacunose". Weathering or decay are often responsible for lacunae; causing words, sentences, or whole passages to be missing or unreadable. To reconstructor remake the original text, the context must be considered. In the studying of ancient writings and the study of the copying of ancient books, this may lead to competing reconstructions and interpretations. Published texts that contain lacunae often mark the section where text is missing with a bracketed ellipsis, written as [...].

## Example

In the British Assyriologist Stephanie Dalley's translation of the Akkadian epic Atraḫasīs, the following passage on the mytheme of the flood can be found, showing both interpretations and more complicated lacunae intentionally left blank:> “The Flood roared like a bull. Like a wild ass screaming, the winds [howled]. The darkness was total, there was no sun. […] like white sheep. […] of the Flood. […] the noise of the Flood. [Anu] went berserk.”
Warsaw Uprising (disambiguation)

**Warsaw Uprising** may refer to:

- Warsaw Uprising (1794)
- The opening stage of the November Uprising (1830)
- Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland (1905–1907)
- Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943)
- Warsaw Uprising (1944)
Atelognathus nitoi

The **Portezuelo frog** or **Rio Negro frog**  (_Atelognathus nitoi_) is a frog.  It lives in Argentina and Chile.

## Home

This frog lives in forests with Nothofagus plants, by small ponds and other places with water in the air. Scientists saw this frog between 1300 and 1550 meters above sea level.

Scientists have seen the frog in Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi and in Laguna Verde National Park.

## Young

The female frog lays 50 to 300 eggs at a time.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out. Fires and too many visitors can harm this frog's home. Horses and cows eating plants near ponds might also be a problem.
Type 26 frigate

The **Type 26 frigate**, also known as City-class frigate, is a class of frigates and destroyers being built (as of 2025) for the United Kingdom's Royal Navy; Australia and Canada have (permission or) license to build their own version of the British frigates.

In 2025, Norway decided to buy this (kind or) model of frigate. The contract (or sales contract) was signed later that year.

## Infobox (ship begin)


## Infobox (ship image)

- **ship image**: File:HMS Glasgow (52567292390).jpg
- **ship caption**: , on barge for transport to DM Glen Douglas, Glen Mallan for launch in 2022


## Infobox (ship class overview)

- **name**: Type 26 frigate
- **builders**: BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships
- **operators**: *
*
*
- **class before**: * Type 23 frigate (Royal Navy, RN)
*  (Royal Australian Navy, RAN)
*  (Royal Canadian Navy, RCN)
- **subclasses**: *  (Royal Australian Navy, RAN)
*  (Royal Canadian Navy, RCN)

* UK Batch 2:
* Australia:
* Canada:
- **built range**: Contract award announced 2 July 2017
- **in service range**: From 2028 (planned)
- **total ships building**: 6 (5 x RN, 1 x RAN)
- **total ships equipment**: 2 />


## Infobox (ship characteristics)

- **header caption**: (City class)
- **ship type**: Anti-submarine warfare frigate
- **ship displacement**: *  light shipweight
*  full load
- **ship propulsion**: * CODLOG configuration:
** 1 × Rolls-Royce MT30 gas turbine
** 4 × MTU Type 20V 4000 M53B high-speed diesel generators
** 2 × electric motors
- **ship speed**: In excess of
- **ship range**: In excess of  in electric-motor (EM) drive
- **ship boats**: 2
- **ship complement**: 157 (capacity for 208)
- **ship sensors**: * Type 997 Artisan radar, Type 997 Artisan 3D radar
    * Kelvin Hughes SharpEye navigation radar
    * Terma A/S, Terma SCANTER 6000 2D X-Band navigation radar
    * Sonar 2087 (towed array sonar)
    * Ultra Electronics Type 2150 bow sonar
    * Skynet (satellite), SCOT-5 satcom
- **ship ew**: * IRVIN-GQ DLF decoys
    * Seagnat
    * Naval Decoy IDS300
    * SSTD, Surface Ship Torpedo Defence
- **ship armament**: *1 × 12-cell vertical launching system, VLS for:
** 48 x CAMM (missile family), Sea Ceptor anti-air missiles (each cell can house four Sea Ceptors)
* 1 × 24-cell multi-purpose Mark 41 Vertical Launching System, Mark 41 VLS for:
** Future Cruise/Anti-Ship Weapon (FC/ASW)
** Tomahawk (missile family), BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missile
* Naval Strike Missile
* 1 × 5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun, 5-inch 62-calibre Mk 45 naval gun
* 2 × 30mm DS30M Mark 2 Automated Small Calibre Gun, 30 mm DS30M Mk2 guns
* 2 × Phalanx CIWS
* 4 × General purpose machine guns or M2 Browning, 0.50 calibre heavy machine guns
- **ship aircraft**: AgustaWestland AW159, Wildcat or AgustaWestland AW101, AgustaWestland Merlin
- **ship aircraft facilities**: Accommodation for two helicopters, Boeing Chinook (UK variants), Chinook-capable flight deck, Enclosed hangar and Facilities for UAVs
- **ship notes**: * _Flexible mission bay_
Antisemitic violence in Bielsk County, Poland (1941)

When the Nazi German-led invasion of the Soviet Union happened in summer 1941, anti-Jewish pogroms happened in the Bielsk County of Poland, causing huge Jewish casualties.

## Background

In September 1939, Nazi Germany briefly occupied the Bielsk County before handing it over to the Soviets. Polish-Jewish relations reportedly worsened over a small number of Jews welcoming the Red Army. Mosze Kleinbaum, chairman of the Zionist Federation in Poland, wrote:

### _Żydokomuna_

Such isolated incidents were exaggerated by Catholic Poles to paint Jews as communists, namely _Żydokomuna_, though Polish Jews constituted about 30% of the Poles deported to the Soviet interior. The _Żydokomuna_ trope paved the way for Polish-led anti-Jewish pogroms, including the Jedwabne pogrom and Szczuczyn pogrom.

## Causes

For the causes of the pogroms, mainstream historians pointed to Catholic antisemitism, the _Żydokomuna_ trope – made worse by grievances towards the Soviet occupation – and the sense of immunity from a messy change of power to the Germans who were happy to see Poles killing Jews. Many Poles took the chance to kill Jews they mistook for having caused Polish suffering.

## Events

When the Red Army retreated, some Jews followed them to flee the Germans. The Bielsk County was occupied by the Germans within six days. The Nazi death squad _Einsatzgruppe_ B began hunting down Jews. The German massacre of Jews was backed by local Catholic Poles. Many anti-Jewish pogroms happened in western Bielsk. Survivors recalled:

Survivors also recalled what happened in Siemiatycze:

The Germans turned the Bielsk County into the Białystok District, divided into eight _Kreisskommissariat_ and the Bielsk Podlaski County. Polish local police, known as the Blue Police, were recruited from ethnic Poles of all faiths, the majority Catholic. Of the hundreds of Bielsk Polish policemen who served the Germans, merely 46 were sentenced after the war. They mostly claimed to have been forced to serve, though recent research has shown otherwise.

Moreover, 39.6% of Bielsk Podlaski County's Jews died of betrayal by neighbors, who helped German troops and Polish policemen hunt Jews down, while 0.8% were killed by the Polish underground. Israeli historians Yisrael Gutman and Shmuel Krakowski estimated that there were about 120 cases of Jews getting killed by the Polish underground, some happened in the Biłgoraj County. Polish peasants who hid Jews sometimes stole their belongings before handing them over.

## Legacy

Despite abundant evidence, many in Polish society refuse to acknowledge these pogroms. Some scholars said that such denial was going mainstream amid the rise of nationalism across Europe, where Jews were sometimes equated with the disliked Soviet communists against whom the Holocaust was considered "a reaction".

## Related pages

- Kraków pogrom
- Jedwabne pogrom
- Szczuczyn pogrom
- Polish Memory Law
Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically

The **Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically** is an award given every year by the Ivors Academy at the Ivor Novello Awards. The award is given for good songwriting and composing in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The award was first given in 1968. John Lennon and Paul McCartney were the first people to win it for their song "She's Leaving Home", performed by The Beatles. The award goes to the writers of the song, not the people who sing or play it unless they share songwriting credits.

### 1960s

|||
| --- | --- |
|style="text-align:center;"|19681969|

## Infobox (award)

- **name**: Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically
- **awarded for**: good songwriting from United Kingdom, Britain and Ireland
- **presenter**: The Ivors Academy
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **year**: 1968
- **holder**: Victoria Canal, Jonny Lattimer and Eg White for "Black Swan"  (2024)
- **website**: [https://ivorsacademy.com/awards/ ivorsacademy.com/awards]
UCAC4 328-061594 b

**UCAC4 328-061594 b** is a T dwarf candidate located 130 light-years away in the constellation Hydra. It is also known as **CWISE J101017.43–242300.4**.

## Characteristics

UCAC4 328-061594 b has a mass 21x more massive than that of Jupiter, also by being sightly larger than Jupiter, this makes the brown dwarf very dense. It has an age similar to that of its star, but a few million years newer. Its temperature is unknown, but by being a T6-type brown dwarf, it has a temperature ranging from hotter than 600 kelvins but cooler than 1,300 kelvins.

UCAC4 328-061594 b orbits a red dwarf star. It star have a mass 1.19x larger than that of the Sun, and an age estimated to be likely 300 to 400 million years old. The star is also known as **2MASS J10104792-2427108**.

UCAC4 328-061594 b has one of the largest orbits known between brown dwarfs, known to be 19,000 AU (2.8 trillion km; 1.7 trillion miles) away from its host star. It is the ninth brown dwarf with the largest orbit known, being surpassed by SDSS J134403.83+083950.9. The brown dwarf has an orbital period of 2,402,178 years.
Walvis Bay

**Walvis Bay** is a city in  Namibia. It has the most important port in the country. It is located in the bay with the same name. In 2025 about 103,000 people lived there. This makes it the third-largest city in Namibia, after Windhoek and Rundu.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Walvis Bay
- **pushpin map**: Nambia
- **subdivision type**: City
- **image flag**: Flag of Walvis Bay.gif
- **image map**: File:Namibia location map.svg
- **map caption**: Location within Nambia
- **population total**: 102,704
- **area total km2**: 1,124
Homer's Enemy

"**Homer's Enemy**" is the twenty-third episode of the eighth season of ***The Simpsons***. It first aired on May 4, 1997.

## Infobox (simpsons episode)

- **title**: Homer's Enemy
- **season**: 8
- **episode**: 23
- **director**: Jim Reardon
- **writer**: John Swartzwelder
- **production**: 4F19
- **guests**: Frank Welker as Executive Vice President dog
- **blackboard**: "I did not learn everything I need to know in kindergarten" (recycled from "You Only Move Twice")
- **couch gag**: Bart Simpson, Bart turns lime green when he sits on the couch. Homer fixes the TV, only to make Bart appear red, and Homer Simpson, Homer slaps Bart on the head to make him appear in his regular way.
- **prev**: In Marge We Trust
- **next**: The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase
PLA

**PLA** may mean:
- Pakistan Library Association

## Chemistry

- Polylactic acid

## Politics

- People's Liberation Army
Invocation

**Invocation** is a form of supplication or prayer.

**Invocation** or **Invoking** can also be

## Computing

- Invocation, a method of starting a subroutine
- Implicit invocation, a style of software architecture in which a system is structured around event handling, using a form of callback

## Movies and television

- "Invocation" (_The X-Files_), a 2000 episode of the television series _The X-Files'
- _The Invoking_, a 2013 American psychological thriller movie

## Poetry

- "Invocation, or The Eternal Father and Mother," a poem by Eliza R. Snow better known as "O My Father"

## Music

- Invocation, a British early music group led by Timothy Roberts
- "Invocation", a song by The Carpenters from their 1969 debut album _Ticket to Ride_

### Albums

- _Invocation_ (William Lloyd Webber album), 1998
- _Invocation_ (Sympathy album), 2002
- _Invocation_ (Dew-Scented album), 2010
- _Invocations/The Moth and the Flame'' (Keith Jarrett album), 1980

- Invoke (disambiguation)
- Evocation (disambiguation)
Bonne-Espérance Abbey

The **Abbey of Bonne-Espérance** is in Vellereille-les-Brayeux, in the municipality of Estinnes, Belgium. It is about 4 km southwest of the city of Binche.

## History

In 1126, Raynard, the lord of Croix-lez-Rouveroy, gave part of his land in Ramegnies to Hugues de Fosses, the abbot of Prémontré. Hugues sent a group of Premonstratensian monks led by Odon. In 1127, they founded a new monastery. After moving several times, they finally settled in their current location around the year 1130.

In the 12th and 13th centuries, the community received many lands, covering thousands of hectares. The abbot Philippe de Harveng became well known as a scholar during this time. The abbey remained stable until the 14th century.

In the 16th century, political and religious troubles affected the region. The abbey was looted many times and became poor and in debt.

In the 17th century, the abbey started to rebuild its buildings. Rich supporters, including governors of the Spanish Netherlands, helped with money. After the French Revolution, the abbey was closed and sold. The remaining monks were able to buy it back, but it was hard to restart the religious life there.

In 1821, the monks gave the abbey to the diocese of Tournai. In 1830, the diocese created a school at the site. Today, it is known as the Notre-Dame de Bonne-Espérance College.

## Architecture and protection

The buildings of the old abbey were not destroyed during the French Revolution. The whole site was protected as a historical monument in 1973. Since 1993, it has been listed as Exceptional Heritage of Wallonia.