juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Zdeněk Mézl

**Zdeněk Mézl** (31 October 1934 – 23 May 2016) was an Czech print-maker and writer. He was known for his illustrations. He was born in Prague.

He studied at the College of Applied Arts between 1949 and 1953 and later graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague. Mézl has illustrated some books using traditional woodcut engraving. His published books are "A Battle for Cathedral" or "Hey, Slavs!".

Mézl died on 23 May 2016 in Prague from a heart attack, aged 81.
Mell Lazarus

**Mell Lazarus** (May 3, 1927 – May 24, 2016)
was an American cartoonist. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was best known as the creator of two comic strips, _Miss Peach_ (1957–2002) and _Momma_ (1970–2016). He wrote two novels. For his comic strip _Pauline McPeril_ (a 1966-69 collaboration with Jack Rickard), he used the pseudonym **Fulton**, which is also the name of a character in his first novel, _The Boss Is Crazy, Too_.

Lazarus served as President of the National Cartoonists Society from 1989 to 1993.

Lazarus died on May 24, 2016 at his home in Los Angeles, California from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 89.

## Other websites

- Mell Lazarus at the Lambiek Comiclopedia
Yang Jiang

**Yang Jiang** (; 17 July 1911 – 25 May 2016), born **Yang Jikang** (), was a Chinese playwright, author, and translator. She wrote several successful comedies. She was the first Chinese person to produce a complete Chinese version of _Don Quixote_ from the Spanish original.

## Death

On 25 May 2016, Yang died at the age of 104 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing.

## Related pages

- List of Chinese writers

## Other websites

- Selected works of Yang Jiang in the journal "Renditions" (no. 76)  (English)
- Excerpt from Yang Jiang's memoir "We Three" (English)
- Some of Yang Jiang's works on-line (Chinese)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jiang Yang
- **image**: Yang_Jiang_1941.jpg
- **birth place**: Beijing, Qing Dynasty
- **death place**: Beijing, China
- **children**: Qian Yuan (1937-1997)
- **parents**: Yang Yinhang (father, 1878-1945)
- **relations**: Yang Yinyu (aunt, 1884-1938)
- **alma mater**: Soochow University (Suzhou), Soochow University
Tsinghua University
University of Oxford
University of Paris
Chris Murphy

**Christopher Scott "Chris" Murphy** (born August 3, 1973) is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He previously served in the United States House of Representatives, representing  from 2007 to 2013.

## Other websites

- U.S. Senator Chris Murphy, official U.S. Senate site
- Chris Murphy for Senate

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Chris Murphy
- **image**: Chris Murphy, official portrait, 113th Congress.jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Connecticut
- **alongside**: Richard Blumenthal
- **term start**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor**: Joe Lieberman
- **state1**: Connecticut
- **term start1**: January 3, 2007
- **term end1**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor1**: Nancy Johnson
- **successor1**: Elizabeth Esty
- **state senate2**: Connecticut
- **district2**: 16th
- **term start2**: January 3, 2003
- **term end2**: January 3, 2007
- **predecessor2**: Steve Somma
- **successor2**: Sam Caligiuri
- **state house3**: Connecticut
- **district3**: 81st
- **term start4**: January 3, 1999
- **term end4**: January 3, 2003
- **predecessor4**: Angelo Fusco
- **successor4**: Bruce Zalaski
- **birth name**: Christopher Scott Murphy
- **birth place**: White Plains, New York, White Plains, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Cathy Holahan (m. 2007)
- **children**: 2
- **residence**: Cheshire, Connecticut, Cheshire, Connecticut
- **alma mater**: Williams College (B.A.)
Exeter College, Oxford
University of Connecticut School of Law (J.D.)
- **website**:
Richard Blumenthal

**Richard Blumenthal** (born February 13, 1946) is the senior United States Senator from Connecticut. He has been in office since 2011. He served as Attorney General of Connecticut from 1991 to 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Other websites

- Senator Richard Blumenthal official U.S. Senate site
- Blumenthal for Senate

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Richard Blumenthal
- **image**: Senator Richard Blumenthal 2023 (cropped).jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: Connecticut
- **alongside**: Chris Murphy (politician), Chris Murphy
- **term start**: January 5, 2011
- **predecessor**: Chris Dodd
- **office1**: 23rd Connecticut Attorney General, Attorney General of Connecticut
- **governor1**: Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Lowell Weicker
John G. Rowland, John Rowland
Jodi Rell
- **term start1**: January 9, 1991
- **term end1**: January 5, 2011
- **predecessor1**: Clarine Nardi Riddle, Clarine Riddle
- **successor1**: George Jepsen
- **state senate2**: Connecticut
- **district2**: 27th
- **term start2**: January 3, 1987
- **term end2**: January 3, 1991
- **predecessor2**: Anthony Truglia
- **successor2**: George Jepsen
- **state house3**: Connecticut
- **district3**: Connecticut's 145th assembly district, 145th
- **term start3**: January 3, 1985
- **term end3**: January 3, 1987
- **predecessor3**: Anthony Truglia
- **successor3**: Nicholas Pavia
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Cynthia Allison Malkin
- **children**: 4
- **residence**: Greenwich, Connecticut, Greenwich, Connecticut
- **alma mater**: Harvard College, Harvard University <small>(AB)</small>
Trinity College, Cambridge
Yale Law School <small>(Juris Doctor, J.D.)</small>
- **signature**: Richard Blumenthal Signature.svg
- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **serviceyears**: 1970–1976
- **rank**:  Sergeant
- **unit**:  United States Marine Corps Reserve, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve
Canton of Esch-sur-Alzette

**Esch-sur-Alzette** () is a canton in the south-west of Luxembourg. Its capital is Esch-sur-Alzette.

## Geography

With an area of , and a population (2016) of 172,687, the Esch-sur-Alzette canton has a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The canton borders on the south with the French departments of Moselle and Meurthe-et-Moselle, and with Belgium on the west. In the Pétange commune is the point where three countries meetː Luxembourg, France and Belgium.

## Communes

The Esch-sur-Alzette canton has 14 communes (2017 population).
1. Bettembourg (10,736)
1. Differdange (25,402)
1. Dudelange (20,480)
1. Esch-sur-Alzette (34,378)
1. Frisange (4,557)
1. Kayl (8,982)
1. Leudelange (2,596)
1. Mondercange (6,708)
1. Pétange (18,238)
1. Reckange-sur-Mess (2,397)
1. Roeser (6,125)
1. Rumelange (5,573)
1. Sanem (16,136)
1. Schifflange (10,379)

## Related pages

- Cantons of Luxembourg
- Districts of Luxembourg (former)

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Caton of Esch-sur-Alzette
- **native name**: Kanton Esch-Uelzecht
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Luxembourg, Canton
- **image map**: Canton Esch-sur-Alzette in Luxembourg.svg
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Luxembourg
- **subdivision type1**: Legislative constituency
- **subdivision name1**: Circonscription Sud (Luxembourg), Sud
- **subdivision type2**: Local administrative unit, LAU 1
- **subdivision name2**: LU00002
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Esch-sur-Alzette
- **area total km2**: 242.8
- **area rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by area, 4th of 12
- **elevation max m**: 435
- **elevation max footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by highest point, 7th of 12)
- **elevation min m**: 224
- **elevation min footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by lowest point, 7th of 12)
- **population rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population, 2nd of 12
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population density, 2nd of 12
- **parts type**: Communes
<small>(List of cities in Luxembourg, cities in bold)</small>
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Bettembourg
**Differdange**
**Dudelange**
**Esch-sur-Alzette**
Frisange
Kayl
Leudelange
Mondercange
Pétange
Reckange-sur-Mess
Roeser
**Rumelange**
Sanem
Schifflange
- **image shield**: Coat of arms esch alzette luxbrg.png
Beth Howland

**Elizabeth "Beth" Howland** (May 28, 1941 – December 31, 2015) was an American actress. She worked on stage, movies and television. She was best known for playing Vera Gorman in the sitcom _Alice_.

Howland died of lung cancer on December 31, 2015 in Santa Monica, California, at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Beth Howland profile

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Beth Howland
- **image**: Beth Howland.JPG
- **imagesize**: 240px
- **caption**: Beth Howland in _Li'l Abner (1959 film), Li'l Abner_ (1959)
- **birth name**: Elizabeth Howland
- **death cause**: Lung cancer
- **birth place**: Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- **death place**: Santa Monica, California, United States
- **occupation**: stage (theatre), stage and television actress
- **years active**: 1959–2002
- **children**: 1
Brian Murphy

**Brian Trevor John Murphy** (25 September 1932 – 2 February 2025) was an English actor. He is best known as the husband George Roper in the sitcom _Man About the House_ and spin-off _George and Mildred_.
Murphy died following a short battle with cancer at his home in Kent, on 2 February 2025, at the age of 92.

## Other websites

- Brian Murphy role reviews

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Brian Murphy
- **birth name**: Brian Trevor John Murphy
- **birth place**: Ventnor, Isle of Wight, England
- **death place**: Kent, England
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1960–2025
- **children**: 2
Caupolicán

**Caupolicán** was a leader of the Mapuche people of Chile, who decided to choose a supreme war leader in response to the Spanish threat. Caupolican supposedly won the position by demonstrating his superior strength by holding up a tree trunk three days and three nights, though this may be an exaggeration.
In addition to proving his physical power, he also had to improvise a poetical speech to inspire the people to valor and unity. Much of the legend of Caupolican is found in the epic poem La Araucana by Alonso de Ercilla, a major piece of literature about the Spanish conquest of America.

## Related pages

- History of Chile
- Pedro de Valdivia
- Lautaro
Lautaro

**Lautaro** was a Mapuche military leader and relevant actor in the tacticswar. His tactics are today studied in many war academies in the world. The USSR(Russia) also used there tactics in the Battle of the Buldge, during WW2

Lautaro was also a son of a mapuche Lonco (_chief_). When he was young, he was captured by the spanish colonizators and grew up as personal servant of the spanish conqueror of Chile, Pedro de Valdivia. With him, he learned the military tactics of the spanish army.

As he became an adult, he ran away from spanish captivity and went back with the mapuches. With the knowledge adquired, he introduced the horse to the mapuche people and designed new tactics to combat the conquerors militia. So, he attracted around him the dispersed mapuche warrriors and formed a big native army to fight against the conquerors.

He obtained many military successes, destroying new founded cities and making big pression over the few spanish men in the Chilean territory. After he got a substancial victory in the southern city, he began the advance over Santiago, the capital and oldest spanish founded city. Unhappily for him, he was murdered when he was only 200 km away from his destination.

He is considered an important icon of the Arauco War, due his revolutionary strategy and responsability in the union of the disperse mapuche people.

His name was use by Francisco de Miranda, when he founded the Logia Lautaro an american-independist society of the end of 18 century and the beginning of the 19th century. **Lautaro** was also rumord to be Homosexual. He was also proclaimed to make sexual advances on children.

## Related pages

- Galvarino
Galvarino

**Galvarino** was a famous Mapuche warrior. In 1557, he fought in the Battle of Lagunillas against the an army of Spanish conquistadors. The battle took place in Chile near the Bio Bio River. He was taken prisoner along with one hundred and fifty other Mapuche. Some prisoners were condemned to amputation of their right hand and nose. Others like Galvarino had both hands cut off. He was released and told to tell the Mapuche chief Caupolicán to surrender to stop more bloodshed. He did just the opposite. He urged the Mapuche to continue fighting against the Spanish invaders. Less than a month later, on November 30, 1557, with knives fastened to both of his wrists he fought at the Battle of Millarupe. It was supposed to be a surprise attack but the Mapuche sprang the trap too early. In the battle, over 3,000 Mapuche warriors were killed. Galvarino was one of several hundred who were captured. He was sentenced to be hung. Some say he was executed by being thrown to the dogs. Others claim he was hanged. Still others say he killed himself before he could be executed.

## Related pages

- History of Chile
- Pedro de Valdivia
- Lautaro

## Other website

- Doctor File: "Galvarino rechazó la vida" (in Spanish), YouTube
Directed evolution

**Directed evolution** (**DE**) is a method used to produce enzymes for industrial or medical purposes.

The method is protein engineering which mimics  natural selection.

The basic idea is to put a gene through repeated rounds of mutation, to make a library of variants. Selection isolates genes with the desired function. They are a template for the next round.

This can be done _in vivo_ (in living cells of bacteria or yeast), or _in vitro_ (free in solution or microdroplets).

Testing more mutants increases the chances of finding one with the desired properties.

During _in vivo_ evolution, each cell (usually bacteria or yeast) is transformed with a plasmid containing a different member of the variant library. Only the gene of interest differs between the cells, with all other genes being kept the same.

The cells express the protein either in their cytoplasm or surface where its function can be tested. This format has the advantage of selecting for properties in a cellular environment, which is useful when the evolved protein or RNA is to be used in living organisms.

When done without cells, DE uses _in vitro_ transcription translation to produce proteins or RNA free in solution or inside artificial microdroplets. This has the benefit of allowing more conditions (e.g. temperature, solvents). It can express proteins that would be toxic to cells. Furthermore, _in vitro_ evolution experiments can generate far larger libraries (up to 10<sup>15</sup>) because the library DNA need not be inserted into cells. That often limits what can be done.

## Ensuring heredity

When functional proteins have been isolated, it is necessary that their genes are too, therefore a genotype-phenotype link is required.

This can be covalent, where the mRNA gene is linked to the protein at the end of translation by puromycin.

Alternatively the protein and its gene can be kept together, or in emulsion droplets. The gene sequences isolated are then multiplied by PCR or by transformed host bacteria. Either the single best sequence, or a pool of sequences can be used as the template for the next round of mutagenesis. The repeated cycles of diversification-selection-amplification make enzyme variations adapted to the selection process.

## Prize awarded

US engineer Frances Arnold has won the Millennium Technology Prize for pioneering directed evolution.
Cave catfish

**Cave catfish** is a name used for species of catfish which live in caves or underground environments.

Species known specifically as cave catfish include:
- _Clarias cavernicola_ (Namibia)
- _Horaglanis krishnai_ (India)

Other catfish that live in caves include:

- _Prietella_ species (Mexico)
- _Trogloglanis pattersoni_ (USA)
- _Satan eurystomus_ (USA)
- _Trichomycterus itacarambiensis_ (Brazil)
Alec John Such

**Alexander John Such** (November 14, 1951 – June 4, 2022) was an American bassist. He was best known as a founding member of the rock band Bon Jovi, and as their bass player, from 1983 to 1994. He was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2018. He was born in Yonkers, New York.

Such died on June 4, 2022 from a heart attack at his home in Horry County, South Carolina, aged 70.
Belp

**Belp** is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland
administrative district in the canton of Berne, Switzerland.

It is close to Bern's Belp Airport.

The municipality of Belpberg merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Belp.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Belp
- **image photo**: Belp SW.JPG
- **municipality name**: Belp
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Belp BE COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Belp.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Bern-Mittelland (administrative district), Bern-Mittelland
- **postal code**: 3123
- **municipality code**: 0861
- **area**: 17.6
- **elevation**: 521
- **population**: 10974
- **populationof**: Dec 2011
- **popofyear**: 2011
- **website**: www.belp.ch
- **mayor**: Rudolf Neuenschwander
- **places**: Belpberg, Viehweide, Heitern, Hofmatt
- **neighboring municipalities**: Allmendingen bei Bern, Allmendingen, Belpberg, Gerzensee, Kehrsatz, Münsingen, Muri bei Bern, Rubigen, Toffen, Wald, Bern, Wald
Ideal Landscape with a Young Man Killing a Snake

***Ideal Landscape with a Young Man Killing a Snake*** is an oil painting by Franz Caucig (1755 – 1828), a  Neoclassical painter.  He made the painting before 1810.  The size of the painting is .  The painting is in the National Gallery of Slovenia.

On the left is an aqueduct and a group of trees.  On the right a young man kills a snake on the bank of a river.  The sky has dark clouds.  The sun shines on the river and on the young man.

The theme of nature is common in Neoclassicism. The works of Immanuel Kant and neoclassical English philosophers were popular at this time.
Bettenhausen, Switzerland

**Bettenhausen** is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2011 the former municipality of Bollodingen merged into the municipality of Bettenhausen.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bettenhausen
- **municipality name**: Bettenhausen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Bettenhausen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Bettenhausen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Oberaargau (administrative district), Oberaargau
- **postal code**: 3366
- **municipality code**: 0973
- **area**: 3.95
- **elevation**: 480
- **population**: 684
- **populationof**: Dec 2012
- **popofyear**: 2012
- **website**: www.bettenhausen.ch
- **mayor**: Andreas Rhyn-Willy
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bollodingen, Herzogenbuchsee, Oberönz, Thörigen
Delta IV

The **Delta IV** was a rocket made to launch satellites. It had many different types including Medium, Medium+, and Heavy for many different types of satellites orbiting at many different altitudes above the Earth. The Delta IV had launches at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida and at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. It was no longer used after it's 45th mission.

## Launches

The Delta IV was launched 32 times. The first flight was on November 20, 2002, and it launched the _Eutelsat W5_ communications satellite into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).

## Types

The Delta IV rocket came in many different types meant to launch different sizes and kinds of satellites.

### Delta IV Medium

The least powerful kind of the Delta IV rocket was the Medium type. It has 1 main Common Booster Core (CBC) as the first stage of the rocket, using the RS-68 engine, and the second stage is like from the Delta III rocket, but it has been changed. It uses a 4-meter payload fairing to cover the satellite during the launch of the rocket. This kind was launched 3 times.

#### Delta IV Medium+ (4,2)

The Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) was like the Medium type, but it has two GEM-60 solid rocket boosters strapped onto the CBC. This kind has launched 13 times, and was the kind of Delta IV rocket that was launched the most times.

#### Delta IV Medium+ (5,2)

The Delta IV Medium+ (5,2) was like the (4,2), but the second stage and fairing has a larger diameter. This kind was launched 2 times.

#### Delta IV Medium+ (5,4)

The Delta IV Medium+ (5,4) was like the (5,2), but it has two more GEM-60 solid rocket boosters. This kind was launched 5 times.

### Delta IV Heavy

The Delta IV Heavy was the biggest kind of Delta IV rockets. It has two CBC strapped onto it like solid rocket boosters. This kind had launched 9 times, and was the most powerful rocket currently doing launches (the most powerful rocket ever is the Saturn V). It flew the last Delta IV mission on April 9, 2024 with NROL-70, a top secret spy satellite, and launched from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station SLC-37B.

## Related pages

- Delta II
- Atlas V

## Other websites

- Delta IV info page from ULA
- Delta IV User's Guide
Giant Bible of Echternach

The **Giant Bible of Echternach**, **Echternacher Riesenbibel** or **Gothaer Riesenbibel** is an illuminated Bible from the 11th century.  It is written in the Latin language.  It was made for the abbot of Echternach sometime between 1051 and 1081. The Bible is in the National Library of Luxembourg (formerly Gotha). https://books.google.com/books?id=vwy5B9ZXMh4C&dq=Giant+Bible+of+Echternach+%09+National+Library+of+Luxembourg&pg=PA79

The Giant Bible of Echternach was made at the Abbey Echernach.  The abbey is famous for its scriptorium and its illuminated manuscripts from the 11th century.

## Other websites

- Luxembourg postage stamp with initials from the Giant Bible of Echternach Abbey (1)
- Luxembourg postage stamp with initials from the Giant Bible of Echternach Abbey (2)
Biglen

**Biglen** is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Biglen
- **municipality name**: Biglen
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Biglen COA.svg
- **map**: Karte_Gemeinde_Biglen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Bern
- **iso-code-region**: CH-BE
- **district**: Bern-Mittelland (administrative district), Bern-Mittelland
- **postal code**: 3507
- **municipality code**: 0603
- **area**: 3.61
- **elevation**: 739
- **population**: 1724
- **populationof**: December 2010
- **website**: www.biglen.ch
- **mayor**: Peter Habegger
- **neighboring municipalities**: Arni, Bern, Arni, Grosshöchstetten, Schlosswil, Walkringen, Worb
Bauen

**Bauen** was a municipality of the canton of Uri in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Bauen became a part of Seedorf.

## Other websites

- Official Homepage of Bauen

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Bauen
- **municipality name**: Bauen UR
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Bauen-coat of arms.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Bauen.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Uri
- **iso-code-region**: CH-UR
- **district**: n.a.
- **postal code**: 6466
- **municipality code**: 1204
- **area**: 3.77
- **elevation**: 436
- **population**: 158
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.bauen-ur.ch
- **mayor**: Françoise Planzer
- **mayor asof**: 2008
- **mayor title**: Präsidentin Gemeinderat
- **neighboring municipalities**: Flüelen, Isenthal, Seelisberg, Sisikon
Canton of Mersch

**Mersch** () is a canton in the centre of Luxembourg. Its capital is Mersch.

It is the only canton, other than Luxembourg, to be entirely surrounded by other cantons, and therefore not to have an international boundary.

## Geography

With an area of , and a population (2017) of 31,351, the Mersch canton has a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The canton has the Diekirch canton to the north, the Echternach canton to the east, the  Grevenmacher canton to the southeast and the Luxembourg canton to the south. The canton borders, to the west, with the Redange canton.

## Communes

The Mersch canton has 11 communes (2016 population).
1. Bissen (3,021)
1. Boevange-sur-Attert (2,375)
1. Colmar-Berg (2,175)
1. Fischbach (1,195)
1. Heffingen (1,317)
1. Larochette (2,162)
1. Lintgen (2,902)
1. Lorentzweiler (3,896)
1. Mersch (9,195)
1. Nommern (1,393)
1. Tuntange (1,720)

## Related pages

- Cantons of Luxembourg
- Districts of Luxembourg (former)
- List of cities in Luxembourg

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Canton of Mersch
- **native name**: Kanton Miersch
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Luxembourg, Canton
- **image map**: Canton Mersch in Luxembourg.svg
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Luxembourg
- **subdivision type1**: Legislative constituency
- **subdivision name1**: Circonscription Centre (Luxembourg), Centre
- **subdivision type2**: Local administrative unit, LAU 1
- **subdivision name2**: LU00004
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Mersch
- **area total km2**: 223.9
- **area rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by area, 6th of 12
- **elevation max m**: 436
- **elevation max footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by highest point, 6th of 12)
- **elevation min m**: 201
- **elevation min footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by lowest point, 6th of 12)
- **population rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population, 5th of 12
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population density, 6th of 12
- **parts type**: Communes
<small>(List of cities in Luxembourg, cities in bold)</small>
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Bissen
Colmar-Berg
Fischbach, Mersch, Fischbach
Heffingen
Helperknapp
Larochette
Lintgen
Lorentzweiler
Mersch
Nommern
- **image shield**: Armoiries de Mersch 1.svg
Nancy Dow

**Nancy Maryanne Dow** (July 22, 1936 – May 25, 2016) was an American actress and model. She appeared in a brief group of movies and television shows such as _The Beverly Hillbillies_, _The Wild Wild West_ and the 2005 movie _Pure_. She was married to Greek American actor John Aniston with whom she had a daughter, actress Jennifer Aniston (born February 11, 1969).

Dow died at a hospital in Los Angeles, California on May 25, 2016 from complications from a stroke, aged 79.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Nancy Dow
- **birth name**: Nancy Maryanne Dow
- **birth place**: Connecticut, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1966–1969, 2004
- **relatives**: Justin Theroux (son-in-law)
- **othername**: Nancy Aniston
Howard Golden

**Howard Golden** (born 1925, died January 24, 2024) is an American civil servant. He was the long-time Democratic borough president of Brooklyn serving from 1977 to December 31, 2001.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Howard Golden
- **image**: Howard Golden Brooklyn borough president.jpg
- **caption**: Golden in 1996
- **office**: 16th Borough President of Brooklyn
- **predecessor**: Sebastian Leone
- **successor**: Marty Markowitz
- **term start**: January 3, 1977
- **term end**: December 31, 2001
- **birth place**: Flatbush, Brooklyn, U.S.
- **death place**: Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
- **spouse**: Aileen Wolsky
- **alma mater**: New York University
Brooklyn Law School
- **profession**: Lawyer, Politician
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democrat
- **residence**: Kensington, Brooklyn
Guy Molinari

**Gaetano Victor "Guy" Molinari** (November 23, 1928 – July 25, 2018) was an American politician. He was a former United States Representative who served in Congress from 1981 through 1989. He also served as borough president of Staten Island, New York from 1990 through 2001.

Molinari died of pneumonia on July 25, 2018 in Manhattan, aged 89.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: Guy Molinari 1987 congressional photo.jpg
- **title1**: 13th Borough President of Staten Island
- **term1**: January 1, 1990 – December 31, 2001
- **preceded1**: Ralph J. Lamberti
- **succeeded1**: James Molinaro
- **state2**: New York (state), New York
- **district2**: New York's 14th congressional district, 14th
- **term2**: January 3, 1983 – December 31, 1989
- **preceded2**: Fred Richmond
- **succeeded2**: Susan Molinari
- **state3**: New York (state), New York
- **district3**: New York's 17th congressional district, 17th
- **term3**: January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
- **preceded3**: John M. Murphy
- **succeeded3**: Theodore S. Weiss
- **state assembly4**: New York
- **district4**: 60th
- **term4**: January 1, 1975 – December 31, 1980
- **preceded4**: Lucio F. Russo
- **succeeded4**: Robert Straniere
- **birth name**: Gaetano Victor Molinari
- **birth place**: Manhattan, New York, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **spouse**: Marguerite Wing
- **alma mater**: Wagner College <small>(Bachelor of Arts, B.A.)</small>
New York Law School <small>(Bachelor of Laws, LL.B.)</small>
- **branch**: United States Marine Corps
- **battles**: Korean War
- **rank**: Sergeant
- **serviceyears**: 1951–1953
Helen M. Marshall

**Helen M. Marshall** (September 30, 1929 – March 4, 2017) was an American politician from New York. She was Borough President of Queens from 2002 to 2013.

Marshall died on March 4, 2017 under hospice care in Palm Desert, California, aged 87.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Helen M. Marshall
- **image**: Helen Marshall.jpg
- **imagesize**: 215px
- **caption**: Marshall in 2010
- **office**: 18th Borough President of Queens
- **term start**: January 1, 2002
- **term end**: December 31, 2013
- **predecessor**: Claire Shulman
- **successor**: Melinda Katz
- **office2**: Member of the New York City Council from the 21st District
- **term start2**: 1992
- **term end2**: 2001
- **predecessor2**: Walter McCaffrey
- **successor2**: Hiram Monserrate
- **state assembly3**: New York
- **district3**: 35th
- **term start3**: 1983
- **term end3**: 1991
- **predecessor3**: John G. Lopresto
- **successor3**: Jeffrion L. Aubry
- **birth place**: The Bronx, New York City, U.S.
- **death place**: Palm Desert, California, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Donald Marshall
- **children**: Donald Jr. and Agnes Marie
- **alma mater**: Queens College
Claire Shulman

**Claire K. Shulman** (February 23, 1926 in Brooklyn, New York – August 16, 2020 in Queens, New York) was an American politician. She was the borough president of Queens, New York City from 1986 until 2002. She was the first woman to hold this position in Queens history.

Shulman died on August 16, 2020 of lung cancer at the age of 94.

## Other websites

- _City Hall News_ (03/12/2007)
- _New York Times_ 1996 article

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Claire Shulman
- **image**: Claire Shulman 2012.jpg
- **caption**: Shulman in 2012
- **office**: 17th Borough President of Queens, New York, Queens
- **term start**: January 28, 1986
- **term end**: January 3, 2002
- **predecessor**: Donald Manes
- **successor**: Helen M. Marshall
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York City, New York
- **death place**: Queens, New York
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Dr. Melvin Shulman
- **children**: one, Dr. Ellen S. Baker
Joe Fleishaker

**Joseph Isaac Fleishaker** (1954 – May 23, 2016) was an American character actor. He was born in Brooklyn. He was best known for his appearances in low-budget cult and horror movies such as those made by Troma Entertainment. He appeared in _Troma's War_, _Sgt. Kabukiman N.Y.P.D._ and _Tromeo and Juliet_. He also appeared in several skits on _Late Show with David Letterman_.

Fleishaker died of a heart attack at a hospital in The Bronx, New York on May 23, 2016, aged 62.
Gyula Kosice

**Gyula Kosice**, born **Ferdinand Fallik** (April 26, 1924 – May 25, 2016), was a Czechoslovakian-born naturalized Argentine sculptor, plastic artist, theoretician and poet. He was of Jewish descent and one of the most important figures in kinetic. He created monumental sculptures, hydrospatial walks, hydrowalls, etc. He made more than 40 personal and 500 collective exhibitions all over the world. Kosice was the first artist to use neon in sculpture and early on water in his work.

## Other websites

- Gyula Kosice’s personal page
- Kosice’s Blog, both Spanish and English
- Gyula Kosice at inIVA
- Gyula Kosice at ArtFact
- 2013 _Bomb Magazine_ interview of Gyula Kosice by Lyle Rexer and Gabriel Pérez-Barreiro

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Gyula Kosice
- **image**: Gyula Kosice entrevistado en Voces.jpg
- **birth name**: Ferdinand Fallik
- **birth place**: Košice, Czechoslovakia
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
Franz Caucig

**Franz Caucig**, **Franco Caucig** or **Francesco Caucig**, also known in Slovene as **Franc Kavčič** or **Frančišek Caucig** (4 December 1755, Gorizia – 17 November, 1828, Vienna) was an Italian painter.  He was born on December 4 1755 in Gorizia.  His father Andrew was a tailor, of the Volče family, originally from Tolmino.  His mother was Catherine Kaknes (Cacnos).

## Related pages

- Ideal Landscape with a Young Man Killing a Snake
- List of Italian painters
Arturo Pomar

**Arturo Pomar Salamanca** (September 1, 1931 – May 26, 2016) was a Spanish chess grandmaster (GM). He was born in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. He was a chess prodigy because he won the championship of the Balearic Islands at the age of 11 and became a master at 13. He was Spanish Champion seven times (1946, 1950, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1962, and 1966), and Sub-Champion four times (1951, 1956, 1964, and 1969).

Pomar died on May 26, 2016 in Barcelona, Spain, aged 84.

## Other websites

- Arturo Pomar biography at Chessgames.com
Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir

**Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir** (__, ‎; 15 May 1920 – 12 May 2019) was the patriarch of Lebanon's largest Christian body, the Maronite Church, an Eastern Catholic Church in communion with the Holy See. He was also a Cardinal. He was elected Patriarch of Antioch for the Maronites on 27 April 1986, and his resignation was accepted on 26 February 2011. Bechara Boutros al-Rahi became patriarch following the resignation.

Sfeir was the third Maronite Cardinal and the 76th Patriarch of the Maronite Church with the official title of "His Beatitude and Eminence the seventy-sixth Patriarch of Antioch and the Whole Levant".

Sfeir was born in Rayfoun. He died of a chest infection on 12 May 2019 in Beirut. He was 98.

## Other websites

- Official website
- His Beatitude and Eminence Patriarch Sfeir
- Dossier: Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir
- Patriarch Sfeir page on Catholic Hierarchy
Lewis Fiander

**Lewis Fiander** (12 January 1938 – 24 May 2016) was an Australian movie, stage, television and actor.

He appeared in such movies as _I Start Counting_ (1970), _Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde_ (1971), _Dr. Phibes Rises Again_ (1972), _The Abdication_ (1974), _Who Can Kill a Child?_ (1976), _Not Now, Comrade_ (1976), _Sweeney 2_ (1978), _The Doctor and the Devils_ (1985), _Georgia_ (1988) and _Paperback Romance_ (1994).

Fiander died in Melbourne, Victoria on 24 May 2016 from a stroke, aged 78.

## Other websites

- Lewis Fiander at Austage
- Lewis Fiander Image Search
- Obituary

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lewis Fiander
- **imagesize**: 150px
- **birth date**: 12 January 1938
- **birth place**: Melbourne, Victoria (Australia), Victoria, Australia
- **death date**: 24 May 2016 (aged 78)
- **death place**: Melbourne, Victoria (Australia), Victoria, Australia
Ted Dumitru

**Theodore "Ted" Dumitru** (born **Dumitru Teodorescu**; September 2, 1939 – May 26, 2016) was a Romanian football manager. He last worked as a technical director for Mamelodi Sundowns in the South African Premier Soccer League. He was the former coach of the South Africa national football team. Dumitru was one of a few coaches to have guided the 'big three' in South Africa Kaizer Chiefs, Sundowns and Orlando Pirates.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Ted Dumitru
- **fullname**: Theodore Dumitru
- **birth place**: Bucharest, Romania
- **death place**: Johannesburg, South Africa
- **manageryears1**: 1964–1966
- **managerclubs1**: FC Universitatea Craiova, Universitatea Craiova
- **manageryears2**: 1967–1968
- **managerclubs2**: Romania national football team, Romania U-23
- **manageryears3**: 1969–1970
- **managerclubs3**: Altay Izmir
- **manageryears4**: 1970–1971
- **managerclubs4**: Beşiktaş J.K., Beşiktaş
- **manageryears5**: 1971–1972
- **managerclubs5**: Mersin İdmanyurdu
- **manageryears6**: 1974–1975
- **managerclubs6**: Rochester Lancers
- **manageryears7**: 1976–1980
- **managerclubs7**: New York Apollo
- **manageryears8**: 1980–1982
- **managerclubs8**: Zambia national football team, Zambia
- **manageryears9**: 1983–1984
- **managerclubs9**: Swaziland national football team, Swaziland
- **manageryears10**: 1985–1988
- **managerclubs10**: Kaizer Chiefs
- **manageryears13**: 1997–1999
- **managerclubs13**: Mamelodi Sundowns
- **manageryears14**: 1999–2000
- **managerclubs14**: Orlando Pirates
- **manageryears15**: 2000
- **managerclubs15**: Manning Rangers
- **manageryears16**: 2000–2001
- **managerclubs16**: Namibia national football team, Namibia
- **manageryears17**: 2001–2002
- **managerclubs17**: Mamelodi Sundowns
- **manageryears18**: 2003–2005
- **managerclubs18**: Kaizer Chiefs
- **manageryears19**: 2005–2006
- **managerclubs19**: South Africa national football team, South Africa
Buck Kartalian

**Buck Kartalian** (August 13, 1922 – May 24, 2016) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 70 movies and television shows between 1953 and 2006. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Kartalian was known for his roles in _Cool Hand Luke_ (1967), _Planet of the Apes_ (1968), _Conquest of the Planet of the Apes_ (1972), _The Outlaw Josey Wales_ (1976) and in _The Rock_ (1996)

Kartalian died on May 24, 2016 in Mission Hills, California, aged 93.
Hedy Epstein

**Spag-Hedy Epstein** (15 August 1924 – 26 May 2016), _née_ **Wachenheimer**, was a German-born Jewish-American political activist. She was known for her support of the Palestinian cause through the International Solidarity Movement. She was born in Freiburg to a Jewish family. She was rescued from Nazi Germany by the Kindertransport in 1939. She immigrated to the United States in 1948, and lived in St. Louis, Missouri for many years.

## Death

Epstein died at her home in St. Louis on May 26, 2016, aged 91, of cancer.

## Other websites

- Hedy Epstein's personal website
- _Stanford Daily_ op-ed by Epstein

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hedy Epstein
- **image**: HedyEpstein.png
- **caption**: Hedy Epstein in 2010
- **birth name**: Spag-Hedy Wachenheimer
- **birth place**: Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- **death place**: St. Louis, Missouri, United States, US
Frankie Manning

**Frankie Manning** (May 26, 1914 – April 27, 2009) was an American dancer, choreographer and instructor. He helped develop the Lindy Hop, an American dance from Harlem, New York City. At age 75, Manning received a 1989 Tony Award for co-choreographing _Black and Blue_, a musical on Broadway.

Manning wrote an autobiography, _Frankie Manning: Ambassador of Lindy Hop_.

Manning was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He died at age 94 in Manhattan, New York City.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frankie Manning
- **image**: Frankie Manning.png
- **image size**: 220px
- **caption**: Manning in 2008
- **birth place**: Jacksonville, Florida, United States
- **death place**: Manhattan, New York City, New York (state), New York, United States
- **othername**: Frank Manning
"Muscle head" Manning
- **occupation**: Choreographer, dancer
- **children**: Chazz Young
Marion Manning
Frankie Manning Jr.
- **awards**: **Tony Award for Best Choreography**
1989 _Black and Blue (musical), Black and Blue_
The Truth Seekers

***The Truth Seekers *** (Chinese: 真探) is a Singaporean drama television series. It is produced and shown on Mediacorp Channel 8. It began its run from 28 April 2016. There are 23 episodes. It stars Chen Hanwei, Rebecca Lim, Desmond Tan and Yusuke Fukuchi as the main characters. They play a team of cold case private investigators, who look into unsolved cases from years ago and break new ground with the help of scientific and technological advancements. During their investigations, members of the crime-busting team fall in – and out – of love as they learn other hidden truths about themselves and their comrades.

## Cast

- Chen Hanwei as Bai Qingxiong
- Rebecca Lim as Huang Yuyang
- Desmond Tan as Hong Junyan
- Yusuke Fukuchi as Lan Haifeng
- Lynn Poh as Yamamoto Atsuki

## Trivia

- Lynn Poh's 2016 drama after _Your Hand In Mine_.

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Action
 Sci-fi
 Suspense
- **runtime**: approx. 46 minutes (excluding advertisements)
- **director**: Sam Loh
 Lin Mingzhe
 Oh Liang Cai
- **writer**: Ng Kah Huay
 Cheong Yan Ping
- **executive producer**: Wong Kuang Yong
- **starring**: Chen Hanwei
 Rebecca Lim
 Desmond Tan
 Yusuke Fukuchi
- **opentheme**: 白光棱镜 by Lin Si Tong
- **endtheme**: 嚼士 by Lin Si Tong and Yeo Min
Killer Boy by Ferlyn Wong
- **country**: Singapore
- **location**: Singapore
- **language**: Chinese
- **network**: MediaCorp, Mediacorp Channel 8
- **num episodes**: 23
- **related**: _Against the Tide_ (2014)
Lindy Hop

**Lindy Hop** is an American dance. It started in Harlem, New York City in the 1920s and 1930s. It was originally associated with jazz and tap dance. It was popular from the 1920s to the 1940s. The Lindy Hop was a mixture of many dances before it, like the Charleston, tap and breakaway dances.

Frankie Manning helped develop the dance.

Lindy Hop today is danced as a social, competitive or performance dance. It is also sometimes called a street dance.
Volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics

The **volleyball** tournaments at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro were played between 6 and 21 August. Twenty-four volleyball teams and 48 beach volleyball teams, totalling 386 athletes, participated in the tournament. The indoor volleyball competition was held at Ginásio do Maracanãzinho in Maracanã, and the beach volleyball tournament took place at Copacabana Beach.

## Other websites

- Volleyball qualification process
- Beach volleyball qualification process
- Volleyball qualification website
- Beach Volleyball qualification website
Clovis Maksoud

**Clovis Maksoud** (December 17, 1926 – May 15, 2016) was an American diplomat and journalist. He was born in Bristow, Oklahoma.

He served as Ambassador of the Arab League to India from 1961 through 1966, to the United Nations from 1979 through 1990 and at the same time to the United States. He worked with presidents John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.

Besides from being an ambassador, Maksoud was the senior editor of Al-Ahram. He also served as professor of International Relations and director of the Center for the Global South at American University in Washington, D.C..

Maksoud died on May 15, 2016 at a hospital in Washington, D.C. from a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 89.
Canton of Redange

**Redange** () is a canton in the west of Luxembourg. Its capital is Redange, also called as Redange-sur-Attert.

## History

On 1 January 1979, the _communes_ of Arsdorf, Bigonville, Folschette and Perlé were merged to make the new _commune_ of Rambrouch. The number of communes in the canton changed from 13 to 10.

## Geography

With an area of , and a population (2017) of 18,351, the Redange canton has a population density of  inhabitants/km².

The canton has the Wiltz canton to the north, the Diekirch canton to the northeast, the Mersh canton to the east and the Capellen canton to the south. The canton of Redange borders, to the west, with two _arrondissements_ of  Belgiumː  Arlon and  Bastogne.

## Communes

The Redange canton has 10 communes (2016 population).
1. Beckerich (2,489)
1. Ell (1,265)
1. Grosbous (1,026)
1. Préizerdaul (1,705)
1. Rambrouch (4,284)
1. Redange (2,795)
1. Saeul (780)
1. Useldange (1,800)
1. Vichten (1,246)
1. Wahl (961)

## Related pages

- Cantons of Luxembourg
- Districts of Luxembourg (former)
- List of cities in Luxembourg

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Canton of Redange
- **native name**: Kanton Réiden
- **settlement type**: Cantons of Luxembourg, Canton
- **image map**: Canton Redange in Luxembourg.svg
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Luxembourg
- **subdivision type1**: Legislative constituency
- **subdivision name1**: Circonscription Nord (Luxembourg), Nord
- **subdivision type2**: Local administrative unit, LAU 1
- **subdivision name2**: LU00003
- **seat type**: Capital
- **seat**: Redange-sur-Attert
- **area total km2**: 267.5
- **area rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by area, 2nd of 12
- **elevation max m**: 554
- **elevation max footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by highest point, 2nd of 12)
- **elevation min m**: 232
- **elevation min footnotes**: (List of cantons of Luxembourg by lowest point, 10th of 12)
- **population rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population, 9th of 12
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density rank**: List of cantons of Luxembourg by population density, 9th of 12
- **parts type**: Communes
<small>(List of cities in Luxembourg, cities in bold)</small>
- **parts style**: para
- **p1**: Beckerich
Ell, Luxembourg, Ell
Grosbous
Préizerdaul
Rambrouch
Redange
Saeul
Useldange
Vichten
Wahl, Luxembourg, Wahl
- **image shield**: Blason Redange-Sur-Attert.svg
Zim, Minnesota

**Zim** is an unincorporated place in McDavitt Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

Zim got its name from a nearby lumber camp of a man named Zimmerman. Nearby is the "Sax-Zim Bog", one of the world's best birdwatching places. It was named for the two nearby, mostly uninhabited, towns of Zim and Sax. Every February the habitat hosts a three-day festival for birdwatchers.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Zim, Minnesota
- **settlement type**: Unincorporated area, Unincorporated community
- **map caption**: Location of the community of Zim
within McDavitt Township, Saint Louis County
- **pushpin map**: Minnesota#USA
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: United States
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision name1**: Minnesota
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Minnesota, County
- **subdivision name2**: St. Louis County, Minnesota, Saint Louis
- **subdivision type3**: List of townships in Minnesota, Township
- **subdivision name3**: McDavitt Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota, McDavitt Township
- **population total**: 20
- **timezone**: Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 1342
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **postal code**: 55738
- **area code**: Area code 218, 218
- **blank name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank info**: 662843
Agarn

**Agarn** (Walliser German: _Agaru_) is a municipality of the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Agarn
- **municipality name**: Agarn
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Agarn COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Agarn.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Valais
- **iso-code-region**: CH-VS
- **district**: Leuk (district), Leuk
- **postal code**: 3951
- **municipality code**: 6101
- **area**: 7.7
- **elevation**: 620
- **population**: 757
- **populationof**: 2002
- **website**: www.agarn.ch
- **mayor**: Bernhard Mathieu
- **neighboring municipalities**: Chandolin, Leuk, Oberems, Switzerland, Oberems, Saint-Luc, Switzerland, Saint-Luc, Turtmann, Unterems