juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ghostface (Scream)

**Ghostface** is a fictional serial killer and the main villain of the _Scream_ movie franchise. He is wearing a white mask with a shocked/surprised expression. He also wears a black robe. He was created by Wes Craven.

He has a rough voice. He is voiced by Roger L. Jackson. Different people play Ghostface throughout the movie because they pretend to be the original killer. He kills people in the Hollywood-area. He uses a large hunting knife as a weapon.

His appearance is inspired by the painting The Scream.
Klaus Iohannis

**Klaus Werner Iohannis** () (born 13 June 1959) is a Romanian politician who was the President of Romania from 2014 until 2025. Before this, he was the mayor of his native hometown, Sibiu (), the county seat of Sibiu County. He was re-elected in 2004, 2008 and 2012. In February of 2013, he joined the National Liberal Party (PNL) at the invitation of former PNL leader Crin Antonescu. He was immediately made  vice-president of that party. On 28 June 2014 he was made president of PNL (after Crin Antonescu quit). Iohannis is the first Romanian president belonging to an ethnic minority, as he is a Transylvanian Saxon.

Many polls and political commentators have ranked Iohannis as the worst president of Romania since the 1989 Romanian revolution.

Iohannis is a Transylvanian Saxon by ethnicity. This is the eldest German minority group in Romania. Saxons settled in Transylvania (then part of the  Kingdom of Hungary) in the 12th century. He is a physics teacher by profession.

On 12 March 2024, Iohannis announced his candidacy for the post of Secretary-General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). He was expected to run against Dutch prime minister Mark Rutte. Iohannis withdrew his candidacy on 20 June 2024.

On 10 February 2025, Iohannis announced his resignation as President of Romania.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: Excellency, His Excellency
- **name**: Klaus Iohannis
- **image**: Klaus Iohannis - Informal meeting of heads of state or government - November 2024 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Iohannis in 2024
- **order**: 6th
- **office**: President of Romania
- **term start**: 21 December 2014
- **term end**: 12 February 2025
- **predecessor**: Traian Băsescu
- **successor**: Ilie Bolojan (acting)
Nicușor Dan
- **office1**: Mayor of Sibiu
- **term start1**: 30 June 2000
- **term end1**: 2 December 2014
- **predecessor1**: Dan Condurat
- **successor1**: Astrid Fodor
- **office2**: Leader of the National Liberal Party (Romania), National Liberal Party
- **term start2**: 28 June 2014
- **term end2**: 18 December 2014
- **predecessor2**: Crin Antonescu
- **successor2**: Alina Gorghiu
Vasile Blaga
- **office3**: Leader of the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
- **term start3**: 2002
- **term end3**: 2013
- **predecessor3**: Eberhard Wolfgang Wittstock
- **successor3**: Paul-Jürgen Porr
- **birth name**: Klaus Werner Iohannis
- **birth place**: Sibiu, Socialist Republic of Romania
- **death place**: Targoviste 20/01/2025
- **party**: Independent politician, Independent (2014–present)
- **otherparty**: Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (1990–2013)
National Liberal Party (Romania), National Liberal Party (2013–2014)
- **education**: Babeș-Bolyai University (Bachelor of Science, BSc)
- **signature**: Signature of Klaus Iohannis.png
- **footnotes**: a.  National Liberal Party (Romania), PNL membership suspended while president
Abdus Salim Khan

**Abdus Salim Khan**, also known as **Khan Sahib** (28 December 1907 – 12/13 July 1957) was an early Pakistani diplomat. He served as Pakistan's ambassador in Ceylon (now called Sri Lanka) and Japan. He also served as Consul-General in the United States, posted at New York and later as Pakistan's Deputy High Commissioner (a type of special ambassador) to the United Kingdom. Khan died sudddenly in July 1957, while on duty in London, United Kingdom.

He was the son of Khan-sahib Abdul Majid Khan Tarin, OBE, and husband of Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan.
Jimmy Ruffin

**Jimmy Lee Ruffin** (May 7, 1936 – November 17, 2014) was an American soul musician. He was the older brother of David Ruffin from The Temptations. Ruffin has had many records between the 1960s and 1980s. His most successful single is "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted".

## Life and career

He was born on May 7, 1936 in Collinsville, Mississippi. His brother was born 2 years later. He first started singing with the gospel group, mostly on sessions but he also recorded singles for Miracle label. Ruffin was then drafted for national service. After he left the Army in 1964, Ruffin returned to Motown and was offered the opportunity to join the Temptations to replace Elbridge Bryant. They instead hired Ruffin's brother David after hearing him. Jimmy decided to continue his solo career and recorded for the Soul label, but he didn't have much success.

In 1966, after hearing a song about unrequited love written for The Spinners, he persuaded the writers that he should record it himself. Ruffin's recording of "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted" became a major success. It was able to peak at #7 on the _Billboard_ Hot 100 and #6 on the R&B Chart. It remains as his most well known song.

On October 17, 2014, it was reported that Ruffin was gravely ill and was taken into an intensive care unit in a Las Vegas hospital. Ruffin died on November 17, 2014 in Las Vegas, aged 78.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Jimmy Ruffin
- **img**: Jimmy Ruffin.png
- **img capt**: Ruffin in 1967
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth place**: Collinsville, Mississippi, Collinsville, Mississippi, United States
- **death place**: Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
- **instrument**: Singing, Vocals
- **genre**: Soul music, Soul, Rhythm and blues, R&B, Pop music, pop
- **occupation**: Musician
- **years active**: 1956–present
- **label**: Motown Records, Motown
Polydor Records, Polydor
RSO Records, RSO
EMI Records, EMI
Patherdanda

**Patherdanda** is a small village of Rupandehi District, Nepal. It lies on Tilottama Municipality. It is at the mid point of the business hub Butwai and Sunauli. It is also known as STONEHILL.
Charles de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau

**Charles Juste François Victurnien, de  Beauvau, Prince of Craon** (1793–1864) was a French military man and senator under Napoleon III. He was a member of the House of Beauvau. He was known as the **Prince of Beauvau**. Because of his father's rank of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, he succeeded to those titles on his fathers death in 1849. He married twice. He had four children including the next Prince of Beauvau. Politically he was a member of the Bonaparte party which sought to restore the Bonaparte family to the French throne. Though legally the "Prince of Craon", he was known by his other title "Prince of Beauvau".

Charles was born on 7 March 1793 at Sunninghill in Berkshire. His parents, Marc Étienne de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau and Nathalie de Rochechouart, were in exile in England from the French revolution.

The family returned to France. In 1810, Charles entered the French Army during the Napoleonic Wars. He became an officer of carabiniers two years later, during the campaign against Russia. He was nominated senator. He was elected Councillor-General of the Meurthe in 1854.

## Marriages and children

On 9 June 1815, Charles married Lucie Virginie de Choiseul (1794-1834). They had the following children:
1. _Marc_ René Antoine Victurnien (1816-1883), next Prince of Beauvau
1. _Étienne_ Guy Charles Victurnien (1818-1865)

On 2 April 1839, Charles married Eugénie _Ludmille_ Alexandrine Joséphine Komar (1820-1881). They had the following children:

1. Marie Delphine _Élisabeth_ Stéphanie (1842-1898), married Count Gaston Alexandre de Ludre
1. _Béatrix_ Jeanne Marie Joséphine (1844-1895), married Count Horace de Choiseul-Praslin

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: Charles de Beauvau
- **image**: Undated and anonymous photograph of Charles de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau (1793-1864).jpg
- **title**: Prince of Beauvau
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
Senator of the First Empire
- **spouse**: Lucie Virginie de Choiseul
Ludmille Komar
- **issue**: Étienne
Élisabeth, Countess of Lude
Béatrix, Countess Choiseul
Marc, Prince of Beauvau
- **full name**: Charles Juste François Victurnien de Beauvau
- **father**: Marc Étienne de Beauvau, Prince of Beauvau, Prince Marc Étienne de Beauvau
- **mother**: Nathalie de Rochechouart
- **birth place**: Sunninghill, Berkshire, England
- **death place**: _Hôtel de Beauvau_, Paris, France
Samsung Galaxy

**Samsung Galaxy** is a series of mobile devices made by Samsung. Most of them are smartphones and tablet computers that run Android, an operating system made by Google. New models come out every year.

The first Samsung Galaxy phone came out in June 2009. There are many different models of phones. Each of them is different, such as in the size of their screens or what features it has, but the best of them is the Galaxy S series. The most recent Galaxy S phones are the Samsung Galaxy S25, S25+ and S25 Ultra, which were all released in February 2025. Of the other Galaxy phones, the now-discontinued Galaxy Note series has a bigger screen and a stylus pen. The most recent of these, the Galaxy Note 20 and Note 20 Ultra, were both released in August 2020.

The first Samsung Galaxy Tab came out in September 2010. The most recent are the Galaxy Tab S11, S11 Ultra, A11, and A11+ which all announced in September 2025. Like the phones, there are different models of Galaxy tablets, which can have screen sizes from 8 inches all the way up to 16 inches. Some models have keyboards that plug into the device to make it easier to type, while others have a stylus, like the Galaxy Note phones. Although most of the Galaxy tablets use Android, some of the newer ones, such as the Galaxy TabPro S, use Windows 10 instead.

Samsung also makes smartwatches under the Galaxy brand. The first of these was the Galaxy Gear, which came out in September 2013. The company has since made some new models, including the Galaxy Gear Live in June 2014, but later ones are branded as Samsung Galaxy Watch and Samsung Galaxy Active. The most recent is the Galaxy Watch 6.

Besides their own products, Samsung also made the Nexus S and Galaxy Nexus phones, and the Nexus 10 tablet. These are all part of Google's own Nexus series of phones. Unlike Samsung's own phones, they have no extra mobile apps added or changes made to the user interface.

## Infobox (information appliance)

- **name**: Samsung Galaxy
- **logo**: Samsung Galaxy logo.svg
- **logo size**: 200px
- **manufacturer**: Samsung Electronics
- **type**: Smartphone, Tablet computer, Tablet, Phablet, Smartwatch
- **os**: Android (operating system), Android
Windows 10 (Galaxy TabPro S & Galaxy Book)
Tizen (Galaxy Watch)
- **soc**: Exynos
 Qualcomm Snapdragon
 Intel Core (for Samsung Galaxy Tab Pro S)
 Spreadtrum
 NovaThor
 MediaTek
 Broadcom
- **input**: Touchscreen, stylus (computing), stylus
Sucker Punch (movie)

***Sucker Punch*** is a 2011 fantasy and action movie. It is about a young woman put in a mental institution. She plans to escape the hospital. Emily Browning plays Babydoll. Jena Malone plays Rocket. Abbie Cornish plays Sweet Pea.

This movie was released on March 25, 2011. It had a PG-13 rating.
Supply depot

A **Supply depot** is a type of military installation used to store military supplies. They are usually near the front lines so they can provide supplies to their military units. Supply depots store and distribute the equipment and supplies a military needs to operate. These are often kept in buildings called warehouses. Modern supply depots do not typically store ammunition. Because of the dangers of storing live ammunition and explosives they are kept separate in an ammunition dump. Supply depots are usually run by a logistics officer. He or she is responsible for getting supplies to units who need them when they need them. Supply depots are often the targets of enemy raids. By destroying an enemy's supplies, it hurts their ability to fight.
Cyclone Hudhud

**Cyclone Hudhud** was a very severe cyclonic storm. The storm originated in the northern Indian Ocean. The cyclone killed over 100 people across India. Its winds were near 130 mph. It struck in October 2014.

The cyclone caused $11 billion (USD) in damage.
Kerrin Petty

**Kerrin Petty-Nilsson**, born 6 January 1970 in Townsend, Vermont, USA, is a US-Swedish cross-country skier. She represented the USA during the 1994 Olympic Winter Games in Lillehammer and in Nagano in 1998. She won the 1998 women's main competition of Vasaloppet. She also won the unofficial women's competitions in 1994 and 1996.

In 1996, she won the Swedish women's 30 kilometers national championship.

Petty-Nilsson now works as an environment and health-protection inspector of Forshaga Municipality.

## Other websites

- FIS
Laila Kveli

**Laila Kveli**, born 22 October 1987 in Trondheim in Norway, is a Norwegian cross-country skier. She ended up second in the women's main competition of Vasaloppet in 2012. She also won the same competition in 2013 and 2014.

### 2012

2nd place, Vasaloppet

### 2013

1st place, Vasaloppet

2nd place, Marcialonga

3rd place, König-Ludwig-Lauf

### 2014

1st place, Vasaloppet

### 2015

1st place, Tjejvasan

## Other websites

- FIS
Ulrica Persson

**Ulrica Persson**, born 7 March 1975, is a Swedish cross-country skier. She won the women's main competition of Vasaloppet in the years of 2001 and 2003. She also won Tjejvasan in 2003.

## Other websites

- FIS
Anders Larsson

**Anders Larsson** is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He was born on 3 October 1961 in Karlstad, Sweden. During his career, he represented Bondsjöhöjdens IK in club competitions.

He also participated at the 1984 Olympic Winter Games in Sarajevo. There, he finished 39th in the 50 kilometres race. He also won Vasaloppet in 1987. In 1982 he was awarded the Sixten Jernberg Award.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Anders Larsson
- **nationality**: Swedish people, Swedish
- **occupation**: Cross-country skier
Jessica Lowndes

**Jessica Lowndes** (born November 8, 1988) is a Canadian actress. She acts in both movies and television. She played Laurel in _The Haunting of Molly Hartley_. She also played Tamara in _The Devil's Carnival_. She is also a musician and singer-songwriter.

She was born in Vancouver, British Columbia.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **embed**: yes
- **background**: solo_singer


## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jessica Lowndes
- **image**: Jessica Lowndes 2009.jpg
- **caption**: Lowndes in October 2009
- **birth place**: Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- **occupation**: Actress, singer-songwriter
- **years active**: 2005–present
Elias Nilsson

**Elias Nilsson** (born 1 April 1910 in Stugun, Sweden, died 9 November 2001 in Lit, Sweden) was a Swedish cross-country skier. In 1938, he won the Vasaloppet.
Elin Pikkuniemi

**Elin Eugenia Pikkuniemi**, born 15 August 1895 Vojakkala, Sweden, dead 7 May 1988 in Trönö, Sweden, was a Swedish cross-country skiier and a primary schoolteacher.

She was referred to as the "first skiing queen of Sweden". She was one of the most successful female Swedish cross-country skiers during the late 1910s and early 1920s. She competed for IFK Haparanda, winning five 10 kilometers Swedish national championships between 1918 and 1922. During the late 1920s she competed for Järla IF During the 1930s she competed for Hietaniemi SK.

During the Swedish Sports Confederation's 50th anniversary in 1953, Svenska Dagbladet hosted a voting over Sweden's greatest sportspeople, where circa 500 readers voted, chosing between 150 sportspersons. Among them were Elin Pikkuniemi as the only female.
Verner Lundström

**Verner Lundström** (born 30 January 1901 in Arvidsjaur, Sweden; died 18 October 1983 in Glommersträsk, Sweden) was a Swedish cross-country skier. In 1930 he won the Vasaloppet competition.

## Infobox (skier)

- **name**: Verner Lundström
- **image**: Verner Lundström.png
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Verner Lundström in 1930
- **birth date**: 30 January 1901
- **birth place**: Arvidsjaur, Sweden
- **death date**: 18 October 1983
- **death place**: Glommersträsk, Sweden
Paddington Bear

**Paddington Bear** is a fictional character in children's literature. He first appeared on 13 October 1958. He was in over 20 books by Michael Bond. Paddington Bear is a polite bear from Peru. He rarely calls people by their first names.

Paddington books have sold over 30 million copies worldwide. A movie based on the book was released in 2014 with Ben Whishaw voicing Paddington.

Paddington is considered a kind and friendly bear and is taken care of by the Browns once moved to London in the movies. His signature style is a blue duffle coat, red hat (of which was his uncle's) and an old battered suitcase.
Alfred Lif

**Alfred Lif** (26 March 1908 – 16 May 1980) was a Swedish cross-country skier. In 1935, he won the Swedish 50 kilometers national championship. In 1939, he won the and Vasaloppet competition.

He also competed in alpine skiing. He participated in the Swedish alpine skiing national championships of 1937.
Håkan Westin

**Håkan Westin** (born 21 July 1964 in Ed Parish, Sweden) is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He won Vasaloppet in the years of 1993 and 1996. He is also, 15 generations backwards in time, ancestor of Gustav Vasa.

Håkan Westin is the brother of another Swedish cross-country skier, Marie-Helene Östlund.

## Other websites

- Håkan Westin
- Westin Adventure
Hans Wilhelmsson

**Hans Wilhelmsson**, (February 14, 1936 – January 5, 2004) was a Swedish speed skater. In club competitions, he represented IF Castor. Outside his sporting carrier, he worked as a car salesman, insurance-person and bank director.

## Merits

- Olympic fourth place, 1960

## Awards

- Sports performance of the year - 1960
Elin Ek

**Elin Ek**, born 31 August 1973 in By, Sweden, is a Swedish cross-country skier. She participated at the 1998 Olympic Winter Games in Nagano, the 2002 Olympic Winter Games in Salt Lake City and the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Turin. Elin Ek won Tjejvasan in 1999 and 2006. and the Vasaloppet main women's event in 2007. She also won the women's Worldloppet, which she did during the 2006/2007 season.

She also won the Swedish national championships at the distances of 10 kilometers in 2006, 30 kilometers in 2003 and 2004, and pursuit in 2003 and 2004, skiathlon in 2007 and sprint in 2003. In 2008, she was also part of IFK Mora's team, winning the relay event.

## Other websites

- Profile at FIS
- Profil påsports-reference.com
Henrik Eriksson

**Henrik Eriksson**, born 1974, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. In club competitions, he competed for IFK Mora.

He compted at elite level between 1994 and 2006. He participated at Vasaloppet several times, In 2001, he won Vasaloppet. In 2002, he ended up 9th at Vasaloppet and in 2004 he ended up 10th in the same event.

## Other websites

- FIS profile
José, Prince of Brazil

**Infante José of Portugal, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza** (20 August 1761 – 11 September 1788) was the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Portugal until his death in 1788, as the eldest child of Queen Maria I of Portugal and King Pedro III of Portugal. He was also the **Prince of Beira** but better known as the Prince of Brazil.

José died of smallpox at the age of 27, causing his younger and ill-prepared brother, Infante João, to become heir-apparent and eventually King. João's reign would be a turbulent one, seeing Napoleonic invasion of Portugal and the loss of the Portuguese Empire's largest and wealthiest colony, Brazil.

## Early life

José was born at the _Real Barraca_ where the Palace of Ajuda in Lisbon stands today. He was named after his grandfather who was the ruling King of Portugal at the time of his birth. His grandfather created him "Prince of Beira", this being the first time when the title was given to a male.

At the time of his birth, his parents were the Prince and Princess of Brazil, his mother the heir presumptive of the king.

## Marriage

On 21 February 1777, he married his 30-year-old aunt the Infanta Benedita of Portugal. José was 15 years old. Benedita was an attractive woman and the main candidate for the wife of José. The marriage was the great wish of king José.

They had no children. Benedita miscarried twice, in 1781 and in 1786. Three days after their wedding, José's grandfather and Benedita's father the old King José died, and his mother succeeded as queen in her own right. Infante José became the new crown prince, being accorded the titles Prince of Brazil and 14th Duke of Braganza.

## Death and legacy

José died at the age of 27 of smallpox. Upon José's death, his younger brother Infante John became heir-apparent to the throne and thus the new Prince of Brazil. José died on the Ajuda Royal Complex in Lisbon. His mother and wife were very badly affected by his death. His wife would be known as the "Dowager Princess of Brazil" till her death in 1829.

## Burial

José is buried in the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza in Lisbon, the resting place for most of the members of the House of Braganza.

### Titles and styles

- **20 August 1761 – 24 February 1777** _His Royal Highness_ The Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos.
- **24 February 1777 – 11 September 1788** _His Royal Highness_ The Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **name**: José
- **title**: Prince of Brazil,
- **image**: D. José, Príncipe da Beira e do Brasil.jpg
- **caption**: _José while Prince of Beira,
 by do Amaral, 1773; age 12.
- **spouse**: Infanta Benedita of Portugal
- **full name**: José Francisco Xavier de Paula Domingos António Agostinho Anastácio de Bragança
- **house**: House of Braganza
- **father**: Pedro III of Portugal
- **mother**: Maria I of Portugal
- **birth place**: _Real Barraca_, Ajuda, Kingdom of Portugal
- **death place**: _Real Barraca'', Ajuda, Portugal
- **burial place**: Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza
- **religion**: Roman Catholicism
Sandra Hansson

**Sandra Hansson**, born 1980, is a Swedish, cross-country skier. She won the women's main Vasaloppet event in the years of 2008 av 2009. She has also been successful in roller skiing.
Susanne Nyström

**Susanne Nyström**, born 29 December 1982 in Laisvall, Sweden is a Swedish female cross-country skier and nurse.

She competes for Laisvalls SK. Earlier, she has competed for the clubs Mora SK, Arvidsjaur Ski Team, Luleå Gjutarens IF and Piteå Elit SK.

She won Tjejvasan in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013. She ended ended up second ad Tjejvasan 2011. In 2010, she won the women's Vasaloppet main competition. That year, she became the first to win Tjejvasan and the Vasaloppet main competition the same year.

She has also won several Swedish national championship gold medals.
Norman Bates

**Norman Bates** is a fictional character. He first appeared in a 1960 movie called _Psycho_

Norman Bates as a young man killed people in the hotel called _The Bates Motel_. He killed his mother by poisoning her tea. After she was buried he dug her up and would talk to himself in her voice. He then was soon arrested.

Bates was inspired by murderer Ed Gein.
Olle Häger

**Olle Häger** (19 September 1935 – 1 November 2014) was a Swedish journalist, television producer, writer and historian. Häger produced a large number of historical documentaries. In 1986, Häger and Villius were awarded the _Stora Journalistpriset_. He was born in Söderala, Hälsingland, Sweden.

Häger died in Stockholm, aged 79.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Olle Häger
- **image**: Olle-hager-2012-11-21.jpg
- **caption**: Häger in 2012
- **birth place**: Söderala, Hälsingland, Sweden
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **occupation**: Journalist
Television Producer
- **years active**: 1964–2014
- **spouse**: Ethel Häger <small>(1958–2014; his death)</small>
Joel Barnett, Baron Barnett

**Joel Barnett, Baron Barnett**, PC (14 October 1923 – 1 November 2014), was a Labour Party politician. As Chief Secretary to the Treasury in the late 1970s, he created the Barnett Formula that fixed the amount of public spending in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Barnett died in Manchester, England, aged 91.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **honorific-prefix**: The Right Honourable
- **name**: The Lord Barnett
- **honorific-suffix**: Privy Council of the United Kingdom, PC
- **office**: Chief Secretary to the Treasury
- **primeminister**: Harold Wilson
James Callaghan
- **term start**: 5 March 1974
- **term end**: 4 May 1979
- **predecessor**: Tom Boardman, Baron Boardman, Tom Boardman
- **successor**: John Biffen
- **office2**: Member of Parliament (UK), Member of Parliament
 for Heywood and Royton (UK Parliament constituency), Heywood and Royton
- **term start2**: 15 October 1964
- **term end2**: 9 June 1983
- **predecessor2**: Tony Leavey
- **successor2**: Boundary Commissions (United Kingdom), Constituency Abolished
- **death place**: Manchester, England
- **party**: Labour Party (UK), Labour
Acker Bilk

**Bernard Stanley "Acker" Bilk** MBE (28 January 1929 – 2 November 2014) was an English clarinettist and vocalist. He was known for his trademark goatee, bowler hat, striped waistcoat and breathy, vibrato-rich, lower-register clarinet style. Bilk's 1962 instrumental tune "Stranger on the Shore" became the UK's biggest selling single and his best known work.

Bilk died in Bath, Somerset, England, aged 85.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Acker Bilk
- **image**: Acker bilk.jpg
- **background**: non_vocal_instrumentalist
- **birth name**: Bernard Stanley Bilk
- **birth place**: Pensford, Somerset, England
- **death place**: Bath, Somerset, England
- **instrument**: Clarinet
- **genre**: Traditional jazz
- **occupation**: Clarinettist, vocalist
- **years active**: 1954–2013
- **label**: Atco Records, Atco, EMI, Columbia Graphophone Company, Columbia, Castle Communications, Castle, Philips Records, Philips, Stomp Off, GNP Records, GNP, Fellside Records, Lake
- **website**: [http://www.ackersmusicagency.co.uk ackersmusicagency.co.uk]
Veljko Kadijević

**Veljko Kadijević** (21 November 1925 – 2 November 2014) was a general of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). He was the Minister of Defence in the Yugoslav government from 1988 until his resignation in 1992, which made him the _de facto_ commander of the JNA during the Ten-Day War in Slovenia and the initial stages of the Croatian War of Independence.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Veljko Kadijević
Вељко Кадијевић
- **order**: 5th Federal Secretary of People's Defence
- **term start**: 15 May 1988
- **term end**: 8 January 1992
- **predecessor**: Branko Mamula
- **successor**: Blagoje Adžić <small>(acting)</small>
- **birth place**: Glavina Donja, Imotski, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
- **death place**: Moscow, Russia
- **party**: League of Communists of Yugoslavia
- **nationality**: Serb, Russians, Russian
- **allegiance**: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
- **branch**: Yugoslav People's Army
- **serviceyears**: 1943–1992
- **rank**: General of the Army
- **commands**: Yugoslav People's Army (JNA)
- **battles**: World War II in Yugoslavia, Ten-Day War, Croatian War of Independence
Bottom trawling

**Bottom trawling** is trawling (towing a **trawl**, which is a fishing net) along the sea floor. It is also called "dragging". Bottom trawling can be either benthic trawling or demersal trawling. Benthic trawling is towing a net at the very bottom of the ocean. Demersal trawling is towing a net just above the bottom.

Another kind of trawling is midwater trawling (also known as pelagic trawling). This is where a net is towed higher in the water column. Midwater trawling catches pelagic fish such as anchovies, tuna, and mackerel. Bottom trawling catches both bottom-living fish. It also catches semi-pelagic species such as cod, squid, shrimp, and rockfish. Trawling is done by a trawler. This can be a small open boat or a large factory trawler.

## Trawl nets

The trawl doors disturb the sea bed. They create a cloud of muddy water which hides the oncoming trawl net. It also makes a noise which attracts fish. The fish begin to swim in front of the net mouth. As the trawl continues along the seabed, fish begin to tire and slip backwards into the net. Finally, the fish become exhausted and drop back, into the net and are caught. The speed that the trawl is towed at depends on the swimming speed of the species which is being targeted. It also depends on the gear that is being used. For most species, a speed of around 4 knots (7 km/h) is appropriate. Trawling is very easy way of catching large amounts of fish. But it has been compared to "fishing with bulldozers". Like a bulldozer it scrapes up everything on the bottom.

## Environmental impacts

Bottom trawling has operated for over a century on heavily fished areas like the North Sea and Grand Banks. overfishing has long been seen as causing major ecological changes to the fish species on the Grand Banks. Lately there is concern about the damage which benthic trawling does to the seabed. A species of particular concern is the slow-growing, deep water coral _Lophelia pertusa_. This species is home to a large community of deep sea organisms. It is easily damaged by fishing gear. On November 17, 2004 the United Nations General Assembly urged nations to consider temporary bans on high seas bottom trawling. Bottom trawling has been blamed for reducing the populations of many of fish species. These include species such as orange roughy, barndoor skate, shark, and many others.
Tinus Linee

**Marthinus "Tinus" Linee** (23 August 1969 – 3 November 2014) was a South African rugby player. Linee played as a centre. He played all of his rugby for Western Province. Linee was born in Paarl, Western Cape.

He represented Western Province and the Stormers in Super Rugby. He played nine tour games for the Springboks between 1993 and 1994, but never played in a test for South Africa.

Tinus died in Paarl, Western Cape from complications following motor neurone disease, aged 45.
Sadashiv Amrapurkar

**Sadashiv Amarapurkar** (born **Ganesh Kumar Nalawade**; 11 May 1950 – 3 November 2014) was an Indian actor. He was well known for his roles in Marathi and Hindi movies in the 1980s and 90s.

He won the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role in 1991 for _Sadak_ — the first time the award was instituted. In addition to negative roles, he has done supporting roles and, more recently, comic roles.

Amarapurkar died in Mumbai, India from a lung infection, aged 64.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Sadashiv Amarapurkar
- **birth name**: Ganesh Kumar Nalawade
- **birth place**: Ahmednagar, India
- **death place**: Mumbai, India
- **years active**: 1979–2013
- **spouse**: Sunanda Amrapurkar
- **occupation**: Actor
- **awards**: won Filmfare Award for Best Villain for Sadak 1991
- **death cause**: Infection
Mariam Fakhr Eddine

**Mariam Mohamed Fakhr Eddine** (; January 8, 1933 – November 3, 2014) was an Egyptian actress. Eddine was known for her roles in _Back Again_ (1958), _Light in the Night_ (1959) and _Souq al-harim_ (1970). Eddine was born in Faiyum, Egypt.

Eddine died in Cairo, Egypt of brain surgery-related problems, aged 81.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Mariam Fakhr Eddine
 مريم فخر الدين
- **image**: Mariam Fakhr Eddine.jpg
- **caption**: Mariam Fakhr Eddine in the late 1950s
- **birth name**: Mariam Mohamed Fakhr Eddine
- **birth place**: Faiyum, Kingdom of Egypt
- **death place**: Cairo, Egypt
- **othername**: "Beauty of the Screen"
()
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 1951–2014
- **spouse**: Mahmoud Zulfikar, Mahmoud Zulficar
Dr Al Tawil
Fahd Ballan
Sharif Alvdhala
- **children**: 2
Augusto Martelli

**Augusto Martelli** (15 March 1940 - 3 November 2014) was an Italian composer, conductor, arranger and television personality. He was known for composing the song _Djamballà_. It was the theme song of the 1971 movie _Il dio serpente_. Martelli was born in Genoa, Italy.

Martelli died in Milan, Italy, aged 74.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Augusto Martelli
- **image**: Augusto Martelli.jpg
- **image size**: 190px
- **caption**: Martelli in 1972
- **birth place**: Genoa, Italy
- **death date**: 3 November 2014 (aged 74)
- **death place**: Milan, Italy
- **occupation**: composer, conductor, arranger, television personality
Women’s Equality Party

The **Women’s Equality Party** was a political party. It was founded in July 2014 in New York by Christine Quinn, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, and Lieutenant Governor candidate Kathy Hochul.

## Mission

- To guarantee equal pay for women across the state

## Supporters

- Nita Lowey
- Grace Meng
- Lena Dunham
- Christie Brinkley
- Sandra Lee

## Other websites

- Official website
- http://fortune.com/2014/10/30/womens-equality-party-new-york/
- http://www.capitalnewyork.com/tags/womens-equality-party
- http://www.nystateofpolitics.com/2014/07/democrats-unveil-womens-equality-party/

## Infobox (political party)

- **name**: Women's Equality Party
- **logo**:
- **website**: http://womensequalityparty.org/about/
- **country**: United States
Ligature (writing)

In writing and typography, a **ligature** is when two or more graphemes (~letters) are joined as a single glyph. Ligatures usually replace two characters next to each other. The idea comes from handwriting and manuscripts.

Example: the common ampersand ("&") represents the Latin conjunction _et_, meaning "and". The ampersand's symbol is a ligature, joining the old handwritten Latin letters _e_ and _t_ of the word _et_, so that the word is represented as a single glyph.

Sometimes ligatures are made to make things more easy to read, or simply to make the writing/font nicer to look at. This is important in some forms of design work.

Type designers, who create fonts (or 'typefaces'), make ligatures for some combinations of letters. Today, most fonts are made on computers (these are called 'digital typefaces'). When two particular letters are typed together, the ligature will appear. The ligature look like the two different letters but slightly changed (sometimes joined together). It is actually a separate symbol that has been drawn by the creator, and is programmed to appear when two letters are put next to each other. Dche is a ligature of De and Che.
Sigfrid Mattsson

**Sigfrid Mattsson**, born 19 September 1917, dead 27 August 2009, was a Swedish cross-country skier. He competed for Skarpnäcks IF in club competitions. In 1952, he won the Vasaloppet event.
Josef Marha

**Josef Marha** (born 2 June 1976) is a former Czech professional ice hockey centre. He also was a Unrestricted Free Agent. He played a career total of 159 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Colorado Avalanche, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, and the Chicago Blackhawks. He most recently played for HK Hradec Kralove of the Czech Extraliga.

## Career

He began his career, playing 83 regular season games with HC Dukla Jihlava of the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League. He was drafted 35th overall by the Quebec Nordiques in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. He made his NHL debut with the Colorado Avalanche in the 1995–96 NHL season, playing 2 games with them before being sent back down to play for their AHL-affiliate, the Hershey Bears.

On March 24, 1998, the Avalanche traded Marha to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in exchange for Warren Rychel and Anaheim's 4th round choice (Sanny Lindström) in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. He played 22 games with the Mighty Ducks. On January 28, 1999, the Mighty Ducks traded him to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Chicago's 4th round choice (Alexander Chagodayev) in 1999 NHL Entry Draft. He played 118 games with the Blackhawks. After the 2000–01 NHL season, he decided to leave North America and head back to Europe. On June 13, 2001, he signed a contract with HC Davos of the National League A (NLA). He spent 12 seasons with HC Davos and won 5 league titles with them.

On March 17, 2013, Marha announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. On April 29, 2013, he announced that he was returning to play ice hockey again by agreeing to a multi-year deal with HC Pardubice of the Czech Extraliga.

## Infobox (ice hockey player)

- **image**: File:AHL All-Stars 2001 - Josef Marha.jpg
- **position**: Centre (ice hockey), Centre
- **shoots**: Left
- **birth place**: Havlíčkův Brod, Czechoslovakia, TCH
- **height ft**: 6
- **height in**: 0
- **weight lb**: 176
- **team**: Free Agent
- **former teams**: **National Hockey League, NHL**:
Colorado Avalanche
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
Chicago Blackhawks
**Czech Extraliga, CZE**:
HC Dukla Jihlava
HC Pardubice
HK Hradec Kralove
**National League A, NLA**:
HC Davos
- **league**: Czech Extraliga, CZE
- **ntl team**: CZE
- **draft**: 35th overall
- **draft year**: 1994
- **draft team**: Quebec Nordiques
- **career start**: 1992
- **career end**: 2014
Konrad Pettersson

**Konrad Pettersson** born 1 July 1903 in Älvsbyn, Sweden, dead 18 November 1976 in Piteå, Sweden was a Swedish cross-country skier. He won the Vasaloppet competition in 1927. He represented Luleå SK in club competitions.
Johan Abram Persson

**Johan Abram Persson**, born 13 July 1898, dead 24 February 1971, was a Swedish (Sami) cross-country skier, fisherman, sloyer and wolfhunter. He was the son of Per Larsson and Anna Stina Bassem from Luokta lappby. He lived in Skierfa near the Pite River throughout his entire life.

He competed for Arjeplogs SK in club competitions. In international events, he participated for Sweden. In 1929, he won Vasaloppet.
Olle Wiklund

**Olle Wiklund**, born 26 December 1914 in Bergvik, Sweden, died 31 March 1999 at the same place, was a Swedish cross-country skier. In 1942, he won Vasaloppet, nine minutes before second-placed Bertil Melin. This meant that the old Vasaloppet record, dated back to 1928, had been broken by two minutes.

He competed for IFK Bergvik at club level, He participated in Vasaloppet at some points.
Sigvard Jonsson

**Bengt Sigvard Jonsson**, born 27 February 1923 in Bodum, Sweden, dead 17 September 1969 at the same place, was a Swedish cross-country skier and lumberjack. He represented Rossöns IK at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1956. He died in a drowning accident.
Lars-Arne Bölling

**Lars-Arne Bölling**, born _Lars Arne Torsten_ 6 October 1944 in Sörsjön, Sweden, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for IFK Mora and Orsa IF at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1970 and 1972. He became Swedish national champion in the 15 kilometers race in 1970, and in the 1973 30 kilometers race as well as the 1970 and 1971 50 kilometers races. He was also part of the IFK Mora team winning the Swedish national relay championship in 1970-1973, and in 1974 he won the same relay title with Orsa IF.

In 1970, he was awarded the Sixten Jernberg Award. He also represented Sweden during the Olympic Winter Games of 1972 in Sapporo, where he ended up 9th in the 50 kilometers race. In 1973 he won the Marcialonga race in Italy.

He is the son Arne Bölling, who ended up second at Vasaloppet 1943, and the brother's son of Stig Bölling.
Pauli Siitonen

**Pauli Siitonen**, born 3 February 1938 in Simpele, Finland, is a Finnish former cross-country skier.

He competed in the 1968 Winter Olympics. He was one of the most successful long-distance cross-country skiers of the 1970s. In 1973, he won Vasaloppet, as second person from Finland. He also won the Finlandia-hiihto in Finland and König-Ludwig-Lauf in West Germany.
Ola Hassis

**Ola Hassis** (born 22 March 1951) is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for Orsa IF at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1979. He is the brother of Swedish cross-country skier Bengt Hassis.
Lasse Frykberg

**Lars Frykberg**, born 3 January 1957, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He won Vasaloppet in 1982. at the time, he competed for IFK Mora. in a competition where Jean-Paul Pierrat from France first reached the finish. However, Jean-Paul Pierrat was disqualified for changing skis (which was not allowed).

He also won Worldloppet in the seasons of 1981/1982 and 1982/1983.
Hans Persson

**Hans Persson**, born 18 January 1959, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He was specialized at long-distance races. In 1984, he won Vasaloppet. He represented Åsarna IK at club level. With that club, he won the Swedish national relay championship in 1980-1983 and again in 1988.
Bengt Hassis

**Bengt Hassis** (born 11 January 1957) is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He represented Orsa IF at club level. In 1985 and 1986, he won Vasaloppet. During his 1986 wictory, he broke the Vasaloppet record, which lasted until 1998, when it was broken by Peter Göransson.

Nowadays, Bengt Hassis is a cross-country skiing instructor in Grönklitt. He is the brother of Swedish cross-country skier Ola Hassis.

## Other websites

- Bengt Hassi's wbsite
Anders Blomquist

**Anders Blomquist**, born 17 October 1960 in Bromma, Sweden is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for IFK Lidingö and Åsarna IK at club levbel. In 1988, he shared the Vasaloppet victory together with his brother Örjan Blomquist. Since many years, he has been an SVT commentator during skiing events. Up to March 2010, he was the CEO for Destination Funäsdalen.
Örjan Blomquist

**Örjan Blomquist**, born 23 August 1957 in Bromma, Sweden, dead 30 July 2000, was a Swedish cross-country skier. He was speclalized at longd-distance races during the 1980s. He competed for IFK Lidingö at club level. He shared the victory at Vasaloppet 1988 together with his brother Anders Blomquist. Örjan Blomquist also won Worldloppet in 1985.

After the career, he worked as an SVT commentator during skiing events. Outside skiing, he was an economist. Örjan Blomquist died in the year 2000 following illnes.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

**Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam** (; ; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) usually known as **A.P.J. Abdul Kalam**, was a famous Indian aerospace engineer. He was the 11th President of India, from 2002 to 2007.

When he was president, he was popularly known as the _People's President_. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour in 1997. He has also been a professor (of aerospace engineering). Kalam is the first Chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram (IIST). He is called as the "Missile Man" of India.

## Death

Abdul Kalam died on July 27, 2015 (07:45 Indian Standard Time GMT+5:30) at Bethany Hospital, Shillong after having collapsed due to cardiac arrest during a lecture he was giving at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM).

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Dr A P J Abdul Kalam
- **image**: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.jpg
- **caption**: President of India (2002-2007), A.P.J. Abdul Kalam; the picture is from the International Book Fair, Trivandrum, in 2014
- **office**: President of India
- **primeminister**: Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
- **vicepresident**: Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
- **term start**: 25 July 2002
- **term end**: 24 July 2007
- **predecessor**: K. R. Narayanan, Kocheril Raman Narayanan
- **successor**: Pratibha Patil, Pratibha Devisingh Patil
- **birth place**: Rameshwaram, British India (now Tamil Nadu), India
- **death place**: Shillong, Meghalaya, India
- **party**: Independen (politician), Independent
- **alma mater**: St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli
Madras Institute of Technology
- **profession**: Professor, Author, scientist
Aerospace engineering, Aerospace engineer
Ampersand

The **ampersand** (**&**), also referred to as the **and sign**, is a logogram (a diagram standing for a word).

It represents the Latin conjunction _et_, which means _and_. The ampersand symbol is not only a logogram, but also a ligature. It joins the old handwritten Latin letters _e_ and _t_ of the word _et_, so that the word is represented as a single glyph.

With a c added on it means "et cetera", "and so on".

In everyday writing, the ampersand is sometimes written like a reversed 3 with a vertical line through it.

## Infobox (grapheme)

- **name**: Ampersand
- **letter**: &
- **variations**: ∧, ۽, ⅋, ＆, et, 🙰, 🙱, 🙲, 🙳, 🙴, 🙵, Ɛ̸,
- **image**: File:Esperluette.png
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **imagealt**: Variations of the Ampersand in different fonts.
- **script**: Latin script
- **type**: Logographic
- **typedesc**:
and Ideographic
- **language**: Latin language
- **unicode**: U+0026
- **alphanumber**: (27)
- **fam1**: 𐌄𐌕
- **fam2**: ET
- **fam3**: et
- **fam4**: , employ ampersand characters that reveal its origin)]]
- **fam5**:
- **fam6**:
- **fam7**:
- **usageperiod**: ~100 to present
- **children**: ⅋
- **sisters**: Kai (conjunction), Ϗ/ϗ (ligature of κ, α and ι in a similar fashion to &)
- **equivalents**: +
۽
∧
- **associates**: &C (etC)
- **direction**: Left-to-Right
Darhal Malkan

**Darhal Malkan** is a town and notified constituency of Rajouri District  in the Indian State of Jammu & Kashmir.

Darhal is a Tehsil in Rajauri District of Jammu & Kashmir State, India.
It is at 1671 m elevation (altitude). Pahari is the local language. People also speak Gojri and Dogri  .

It is cold in summer. Darhal summer highest day temperature is between 19 °C to 43 °C. Average temperatures of January is 11 °C, February is 13 °C, March is 19 °C, April is 24 °C, May is 30 °
Denishawn School of Dancing

The **Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts**, was founded in 1915 by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn in Los Angeles, California.

It taught a range of dance styles, influenced by ballroom dancing, ballet and various types of American and Indian dances.

The school had some notable pupils, including Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, Lillian Powell, Charles Weidman, Jack Cole, and silent film star Louise Brooks. The school was especially renowned for its influence on ballet and experimental modern dance. In time, Denishawn teachings reached another school  Studio 61 at the Carnegie Hall Studios.

One source writes:
- "The art of dance is too big to be encompassed by any one system. On the contrary, the dance includes all systems or schools of dance. Every way that any human being of any race or nationality, at any period of human history, has moved rhythmically to express himself, belongs to the dance. We endeavor to recognize and use all contributions of the past to the dance and will continue to use all new contributions in the future".

## Styles of dance

- Orientalia: these were the first true Denishawn works. St. Denis invented most of these pieces. They use aspects of East Indian movement, dress and environment (in the form of set design). A particularly famous work from this period is St. Denis's _Radha_, a mini-ballet set in a Hindu temple in which an exotic woman dances to honor the five senses.
- Americana: Shawn favoured the cultures of America. His works had music by  American composers and portrayed of "American" characters like cowboys, Indians and ballplayers.
- Music visualizations was inspired by Isadora Duncan's approach to music. Movement was set strictly to music without reading into anything emotionally. If the music swells, the body swells: if the music grows quiet, the body comes to rest. St. Denis's _Soaring_, with five female dancers, is her most well-known music visualization.
- Miscellanea: Other routines called "Denishawn divertissements".

## Other sources

- Shelton, Suzanne 1981. _Divine dancer: a biography of Ruth St. Denis_. New York: Doubleday.
- Sherman, Jane 1979. _The drama of Denishawn dance_. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.