Soviet Union

The **Union of Soviet Socialist Republics** (**USSR**), simply known as the **Soviet Union**, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. It was the first country to declare itself socialist and build towards a communist society. It was a union of 14 Soviet socialist republics and one Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR).

## Infobox (former country)

- **conventional long name**: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- **common name**: Soviet Union
- **image flag**: Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
- **image coat**: State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
- **symbol type**: State Emblem of the Soviet Union, State Emblem
(1956–1991)
- **symbol type article**: State Emblem of the Soviet Union
- **national motto**:
"Workers of the world, unite!"
- **image map**: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (orthographic projection).svg
- **map caption**: The Soviet Union during the Cold War
- **capital**: Moscow
- **largest city**: capital
- **official languages**: Russian language, Russian
- **ethnic groups year**: 1989
- **demonym**: Soviet people, Soviet
- **government type**: Federal Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
- **area km2**: 22,402,200
- **area rank**: 1st
- **percent water**: 12.3
- **population census**: 286,730,819
- **population census year**: Soviet Census (1989), 1989
- **population census rank**: 3rd
- **population density km2**: 12.7
- **gdp ppp**: $2.7 trillion
- **gdp ppp year**: 1990
- **gdp ppp rank**: 2nd
- **gdp ppp per capita**: $9,000
- **gdp nominal**: $2.7 trillion
- **gdp nominal year**: 1990
- **gdp nominal rank**: 2nd
- **gdp nominal per capita**: $9,000
- **gdp nominal per capita rank**: 28th
- **gini**: 0.275
- **gini year**: 1989
- **gini change**: low
- **hdi**: 0.920
- **hdi year**: 1990 formula
- **currency**: Soviet ruble (руб)
- **currency code**: SUR
- **time zone**: (UTC+2 to +12)
- **drives on**: right
- **calling code**: +7
- **iso3166code**: SU
- **cctld**: .su
- **footnotes**: With the exception of the CIS – an intergovernmental organization and legal successor to the Soviet Union – only states that are former Soviet republics, now members of the United Nations, are listed as successors.
- **life span**: 1922–1991
- **flag type**: Flag of the Soviet Union, Flag
(1955–1991)
- **image map size**: 250
- **image map caption**: The Soviet Union in 1955
- **title leader**: List of leaders of the Soviet Union, Leader
- **year leader1**: 1922–1924 (first)
- **leader1**: Vladimir Lenin
- **year leader2**: 1924–1953
- **leader2**: Joseph Stalin
- **year leader3**: 1953
- **leader3**: Georgy Malenkov
- **year leader4**: 1953–1964
- **leader4**: Nikita Khrushchev
- **year leader5**: 1964–1982
- **leader5**: Leonid Brezhnev
- **year leader6**: 1982–1984
- **leader6**: Yuri Andropov
- **year leader7**: 1984–1985
- **leader7**: Konstantin Chernenko
- **year leader8**: 1985–1991 (last)
- **leader8**: Mikhail Gorbachev
- **title representative**: List of heads of state of the Soviet Union, Head of State
- **year representative1**: 1922–1946 (first)
- **representative1**: Mikhail Kalinin
- **year representative2**: 1988–1991 (last)
- **representative2**: Mikhail Gorbachev
- **title deputy**: Premier of the Soviet Union, Premier
- **year deputy1**: 1922–1924 (first)
- **deputy1**: Vladimir Lenin
- **year deputy2**: 1991 (last)
- **deputy2**: Ivan Silayev
- **house2**: Soviet of the Union
(1936–1991)
- **event pre**: October Revolution
- **date pre**: 7 November 1917
- **event start**: Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Treaty of Creation
- **date start**: 30 December 1922
- **event1**: 1924 Constitution of the Soviet Union, First constitution
- **date event1**: 31 January 1924
- **event2**: 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, Second constitution
- **date event2**: 5 December 1936
- **event3**: Military occupations by the Soviet Union, Westward expansion
- **date event3**: 1939–1940
- **date event4**: 1941–1945
- **event5**: De-Stalinization
- **date event5**: 25 February 1956
- **event6**: 1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union, Last constitution
- **date event6**: 9 October 1977
- **event end**: Belovezha Accords
- **date end**: 8 December 1991
- **date post**: 26 December 1991
- **area water km2**: 2767198
- **p1**: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic**1922:**
Russian SFSR
- **s1**: Lithuania**1990:**
Lithuania
- **flag p1**: Flag RSFSR 1918.svg
- **flag p2**: Flag of the Ukrainian SSR (1919-1929).svg
- **p2**: Ukrainian Soviet Socialist RepublicUkrainian SSR
- **flag p3**: Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919-1927).svg
- **p3**: Byelorussian Soviet Socialist RepublicByelorussian SSR
- **flag p4**: Flag of the Transcaucasian SFSR (variant).svg
- **p4**: Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet RepublicTranscaucasian SFSR
- **flag p5**: Flag of Poland.svg
- **p5**: Second Polish Republic **1939:**
Poland
- **flag p6**: Flag of Finland.svg
- **p6**: Finland**1940:**
Finland
- **flag p7**: Flag of Estonia.svg
- **p7**: History of Estonia (1920–1939)Estonia
- **flag p8**: Flag of Latvia.svg
- **p8**: Latvia
- **flag p9**: Flag of Lithuania (1918–1940).svg
- **p9**: Lithuania
- **flag p10**: Flag of Romania.svg
- **p10**: Kingdom of RomaniaRomania
- **flag p11**: Flag of Hungary (1920–1946).svg
- **p11**: Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)**1945:**
Hungary
- **flag s1**: Flag of Lithuania (1988–2004).svg
- **flag s2**: Flag of Latvia.svg
- **s2**: Latvia
- **flag s3**: Flag of Estonia.svg
- **s3**: Estonia
- **flag s4**: Flag of Georgia (1990–2004).svg
- **s4**: Georgia (country)**1991:**
Georgia
- **flag s5**: Flag of Ukraine (Soviet shades).svg
- **s5**: Ukraine
- **flag s6**: Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991–1995).svg
- **s6**: Belarus
- **flag s7**: Flag of Moldova.svg
- **s7**: Moldova
- **flag s8**: Flag of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic.svg
- **s8**: Kyrgyzstan
- **flag s9**: Flag of Uzbekistan.svg
- **s9**: Uzbekistan
- **flag s10**: Flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1991); Flag of Tajikistan (1991–1992).svg
- **s10**: Tajikistan
- **flag s11**: Flag of Armenia.svg
- **s11**: Armenia
- **flag s12**: Flag of Azerbaijan (1991–2013).svg
- **s12**: Azerbaijan
- **flag s13**: Flag of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic.svg
- **s13**: Turkmenistan
- **flag s14**: Flag of Russia (1991–1993).svg
- **s14**: RussiaRussian Federation
- **flag s15**: Flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1991); Flag of Kazakhstan (1991–1992).svg
- **s15**: Kazakhstan
- **date event7**: 1988–1991
- **event8**: August Coup
- **date event8**: 19–22 August 1991
- **flag type article**: Flag of the Soviet Union
- **flag**: Flag of the Soviet Union
- **s16**: Commonwealth of Independent StatesCIS
- **flag s16**: Flag of the CIS (UEFA Euro 1992).svg