juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Hei Hei

**Hei Hei** is a suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is located in the west of Christchurch  from the centre of the city. State Highway 1 runs through it. The area was subdivided for poultry farming after World War I for the men returning from war, but the plan failed due to the poor soil conditions. The place name is a Māori word. It means noise, disturbance, storm, dust.

## Infobox (mapframe)

- **zoom**: 10


## Infobox (new zealand suburbs)

- **name**: Hei Hei
- **city1**: Christchurch
- **council**: Christchurch City Council
- **ward**: Hornby
- **area**: 124
- **north**: Broomfield, Christchurch, Broomfield
- **east**: Sockburn, New Zealand, Sockburn
- **southeast**: Wigram
- **south**: Hornby, New Zealand, Hornby
- **southwest**: Islington, New Zealand, Islington
Dedham, Massachusetts

**Dedham** is a town in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It is one of the oldest towns in the United States. It was settled in 1635.
Josip Friščić

**Josip Friščić** (15 August 1949 – 23 January 2016) was a Croatian politician. He was a leader of the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) from 17 December 2005 until 28 January 2012. He was also Vice President of Croatian Parliament from 2008 to 2011. He was born in Subotica Podravska near Rasinja, SFR Yugoslavia.

Friščić died from cancer on 23 January 2016 in Koprivnica, aged 66.
January 2016 United States blizzard

The **January 2016 United States blizzard** was a severe winter weather event. The weather caused multiple states in the Mid-Atlantic to declare a state of emergency. The blizzard happened between January 20 and 25, 2016.

On January 20–22 the governors of eleven states, plus the mayor of Washington, D.C., declared a state of emergency in expectation of significant snowfall and blizzard conditions. Approximately 85 million people were estimated to be in the storm's path. More than 33 million were under blizzard warnings. Over 10,000 flights were canceled because of the storm.

New York City was put under a travel ban on January 23. A snow emergency was declared for Washington, D.C. just before that.

Two to three feet of snow fell from Virginia to New England. Snow also fell in Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee.

The storm also caused tornadoes and hail from Louisiana to Florida

Thirty people died because of the blizzard.

The storm was also called **Winter Storm Jonas** by the Weather Channel.
Changchun

**Changchun** () is the capital and largest city of the Jilin province of China. The name of the city means "Eternal Spring". In the year 1800, the Jiaqing Emperor set up a trading post in a small village to trade furs and other goods. This village later became Changchun Ting.

In 1898, Changchun got its first train station, which was built by the Russian Empire.

After Japan invaded Manchuria in September 1931, the Japanese established the capital of the newly formed puppet state, Manchukuo, in Changchun. The Japanese renamed the city Shinkyō (kanji: 新京, meaning: New Capital), and it is here where the Japanese established the former Emperor Pu-yi as the Emperor of Manchukuo. During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese built much of the infrastructure that still stands today, including the Manchukuo Imperial Palace, the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, the Palace of Geology, and several others.

On August 20, 1945, the Soviet Union's Soviet Red Army entered the city, captured Emperor Pu-yi, and drove the Japanese out. They stayed there until the Kuomintang drove them out in 1946. The KMT held the city until 1948, when it got overwhelmed by the communist PLA in 1948. During the Siege of Changchun, up to 80% of civilians starved to death.

The Chinese took down few of the Japanese buildings because they were already so well-built that the Chinese thought it would be a waste to tear them down. Nonetheless, the tumblers that Starbucks sells in Changchun feature the Changchun Railway Station out of all the other monuments in the city, due to the fact that it itself is not a Japanese-made building.

Changchun is also the heart of China's car-making business.
Asghar Farhadi

**Asghar Farhadi** (, born 7 May 1972 Homāyūnshahr, Isfahan) is an Iranian movie director and screenwriter. For his work as a director, he has received a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film among other awards. He was named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the world by _Time_ magazine in 2012.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Asghar Farhadi
- **image**: Asghar Farhadi Cannes 2013.jpg
- **caption**: Farhadi at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival
- **birth place**: Homāyūnshahr, Isfahan Province, Iran
- **occupation**: Film director
screenwriter
 film producer
- **alma mater**: Tarbiat Modares University
University of Tehran
- **years active**: 1997–present
- **spouse**: Parisa Bakhtavar
- **children**: Sarina
Saaghar
- **nationality**: Iranian
- **notable works**: _A Separation_
_About Elly_
_The Salesman (2016 movie), The Salesman_
Call and response (music)

In music, a **call and response** is a series of two parts usually played or sung by different musicians.  The second part is heard as a comment about or an answer to what the first has sung. This mimics or makes fun of how people talk back and forth to each other. Call and response uses the simple musical form of a verse and then a chorus used in many cultures or traditions. These songs are usually energetic and fun to listen to.

## Popular music

Call and response singing is common in modern Western popular music. This is because of the influence of African music.  Some cross-over rhythm and blues, jazz, soul, rock 'n' roll and rock music have a call and response style, as well.

One of the best known is the song "Ooh Poo Pah Doo", written and first recorded by Jessie Hill. The song is said to be "a nonsensical yet rollicking call-and-response workout that perfectly captures the energy of French Quarter life", by a reviewer for Allmusic. The song is so popular, it has over 100 cover versions recorded and performed live over the years by other popular musicians.

Other popular examples are The Who's song "My Generation, from the album of the same name", and "Black Dog" by Led Zeppelin.

## Folk music

Call and response is common in folk and choral singing of many people, especially in African musical cultures. In the West, it is most often seen in African-American work songs, military marches, and  Québecois folk songs. The style is also used in dance-songs of various European countries including France (particularly Brittany) and the Faroe Islands.

In Cuban music and other latin music genres such as salsa, call and response between the lead singer and the chorus is called _coro-pregón._

## Example

A singer makes a musical statement, and then the musical chorus answers together. American bluesman Muddy Waters uses call and response in one of his best known songs, "Mannish Boy". The entire song is almost entirely leader/chorus call and response.

- CALL: Waters' vocal: "Now when I was a young boy"
- RESPONSE: (Harmonica / rhythm section riff)
- CALL: Waters': "At the age of 5"
- RESPONSE: (Harmonica / rhythm section riff)

## Related pages

- Origins of the blues
- Polyrhythm
- Samba
- Afro-Haitian
- Rhythm game

## Other websites

- Call and Response:  Phrasing Ideas for Creating Memorable Guitar Solos
- Gospel Music History  - Gospel Music Encyclopedia citing the origins of the different types of call and response and different gospel music style
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar

Syed **Muhammad Usman Marwandi** (1149–1299), better-known as **Lal Shahbaz Qalandar** , was a Sufi poet from Afghanistan.  He belonged to the Suhrawardi order of Sufis. He shifted from Afghanistan and went and settled in Sindh area of India (now in Pakistan).  His shrine in _Sehwan Sharif_, Sindh,Pakistan, is still visited by many people.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Syed Muhammad Usman Marwandiؒ
- **image**: An original view of Laal Shahbaz Qalandar on 29-04-2012.JPG
Ninh Bình province

**Ninh Bình** () is a province of Vietnam, in the Red River Delta region of the northern part of the country. Ninh Bình has a very short coastline on the Gulf of Tonkin. The population is 898,500 people. Ninh Bình province covers a total area of . The province is known for its limestone caves and grottos (manmade caves). Ninh Binh was the first imperial capital of Vietnam from 968 to 1010 under the Đinh, Lê and Lý dynasties.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Ninh Bình province
- **settlement type**: Provinces of Vietnam, Province
- **imagesize**: 265px
- **image map**: Ninh Binh in Vietnam.svg
- **mapsize**: 265px
- **map caption**: Ninh Bình province in Vietnam
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 1,387
- **population total**: 982,487
- **population as of**: April 1, 2019
- **population density km2**: 708.4
- **timezone1**: Indochina Time, ICT
- **utc offset1**: +07:00
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **area code type**: Area code
- **blank name sec2**: ISO 3166-2:VN, ISO 3166 code
- **blank info sec2**: VN-18
- **blank1 name sec2**: Address
January 2016 East Asia cold wave

The **January 2016 East Asia cold wave** was a cold weather system that covered East Asia. Eighty-five people from Taiwan died due to the cold temperatures. There were six deaths in Japan from the winter storms. Four people in China died from gas poisoning.
Mass Effect 2

***Mass Effect 2*** is a video game for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, and PlayStation 3. It is made by Electronic Arts. It is the sequel to _Mass Effect_ and comes before _Mass Effect 3_. It is an action role-playing game. It is a third-person shooter game.

## Gameplay

Save data from the first game can be used to influence choices made in this game.

## Reception

The game was critically acclaimed.
Dragon and Phoenix

***Dragon and Phoenix*** is the second book in the _Dragonlords_ series written by Joanne Bertin. It is a story of how Linden Rathan and his soultwin, Maurynna Kyrissaean, lead a party to rescue a dragon from the Jehanglan empire.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Dragon and Phoenix
- **author**: Joanne Bertin
- **illustrator**: Bob Eggleton
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **series**: _Dragonlords_(series), Dragonlords_
- **genre**: Fantasy, Fantasy novel
- **publisher**: Tor Fantasy
- **pub date**: 1999
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover, paperback)
- **isbn**: 0-312-86429-9
- **oclc**: 38964253
- **preceded by**: The Last Dragonlord
- **followed by**: Bard's Oath
Bard's Oath

***The Bard's Oath*** is the third book in the Dragonlords series written by Joanne Bertin. It starts as two stories that merge in the middle of the book. One story is about Raven Redhawkson and why he is at the Balyaranna Fair (a horse festival). The other story is about Bard Leet and his plot for revenge over the death of a family member.

## Infobox (book)

- **name**: Bard's Oath
- **author**: Joanne Bertin
- **illustrator**: Bob Eggleton
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **series**: _Dragonlords_(series), Dragonlords_
- **genre**: Fantasy, Fantasy novel
- **publisher**: Tor Fantasy
- **pub date**: 2012
- **media type**: Print (Hardcover, paperback)
- **isbn**: 0-812-57924-0
- **oclc**: 842364295
- **preceded by**: Dragon and Phoenix
Aristide von Bienefeldt

**Aristide von Bienefeldt** (24 October 1959 – 16 January 2016) was a Dutch writer. He wrote about gay rights and marriage equality. His first novel - _Bekentenissen van een Stamhouder_ ("Confessions of a Son and Heir") got positive reviews by the Dutch and the Flemish press because of its homosexual passages.

Von Bienefeldt died in The Hague, Netherlands at the age of 56.

## Other websites

- von Bienefeldt's website
William Y. Smith

**William Young Smith** (August 13, 1925 – January 19, 2016) was an American military official. He was a United States Air Force four-star general. He was Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (COFS SHAPE) from 1979 to 1981 and as Deputy Commander in Chief, U.S. European Command (DCINCEUR) from 1981 until his retirement from military service in 1983.

Smith died in Falls Church, Virginia from congestive heart failure at the age of 90.

## Other websites

- William Y. Smith biography

## Infobox (military person)

- **name**: William Y. Smith
- **birth name**: William Young Smith
- **image**: William Y. Smith.JPEG
- **nickname**: Youngblood
- **birth place**: Hot Springs, Arkansas
- **death place**: Falls Church, Virginia
- **allegiance**: United States, United States of America
- **branch**: United States Air Force
- **serviceyears**: 1948–1983
- **rank**: General officer, General
- **battles**: Korean War
Cecil Parkinson

**Cecil Edward Parkinson, Baron Parkinson**, PC (1 September 1931 – 22 January 2016) was a British Conservative politician and cabinet minister.

## Early life

Parkinson was born in Carnforth, Lancashire on 1 September 1931. He studied at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Parkinson married Anne Jarvis in 1957. It would last until his death in 2016.

## Career

He entered Parliament in 1970 and was appointed a minister in 1979. In 1983, he became Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, but was forced to resign after revelations that his former secretary, Sara Keays, was pregnant with his child, which she later bore and named Flora Keays.

Parkinson later served as Secretary of State for Energy, and later Transport. He resigned that office in 1990, on the same day that Margaret Thatcher resigned.  He was created **Baron Parkinson** in 1992 and served in the House of Lords until his retirement in September 2015.

## Death

Parkinson died of cancer on 22 January 2016 at the age of 84. He was survived by his wife and four children.

## Other websites

- Cecil Parkinson's career
Black (singer)

**Colin Vearncombe** (26 May 1962 − 26 January 2016), known by his stage name **Black**, was an English singer-songwriter. He started his career in the punk rock music scene and went on to become a pop success in the late 1980s. He was known for the international hit single "Wonderful Life" in 1987. He was born in Liverpool.

## Death

On 12 January 2016, he was in a serious car accident in Ireland and placed in a medically-induced coma after sustaining serious head injuries. Vearncombe died from his injuries at the intensive care unit of Cork University Hospital in Cork on 26 January 2016 at the age of 53. Vearncombe was survived by his wife and three children.

## Other websites

- Official site
- Single Black Spot
- Colinvearncombe.nl - Fansite

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Black
- **image**: Colin- Vearncombe.jpg
- **caption**: Vearncombe in Birkenhead, March 2007
- **image size**: 200 px
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Colin Vearncombe
- **death place**: Cork (city), Cork, Ireland
- **origin**: Liverpool, England
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **years active**: 1981–2016
- **label**: Warner Music Group, WEA Records
A&M Records Ugly Man
Nero Schwarz Records
Kalpana (actress)

**Kalpana Ranjani** (13 October 1966 – 25 January 2016), known mononymously as **Kalpana**, was an Indian actress.  Kalpana has acted in over 300 movies in many South Indian languages. She was born in Kerala, India.

She started off her career as a child artist in the late 1970s. She was known for being in many comedy movies. At the 60th National Film Awards, she won the award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in _Thanichalla Njan_ (2012).

Kalpana died of a heart attack in Hyderabad, India on 25 January 2016 at the age of 49.

## Other websites

- En.msidb.org
Henry Worsley

Lieutenant Colonel **Alastair Edward Henry Worsley** MBE (4 October 1960 – 24 January 2016) was a British explorer and British Army officer. He was part of the successful 2009 expedition that followed Ernest Shackleton and Robert Falcon Scott's footsteps in the Antarctic. He was born in London.

Worsley was a soldier in the British Army for 36 years. On 12 October 1993, Worsley was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) "in recognition of distinguished service in Northern Ireland".

Worsley died while on a trip in Punta Arenas, Chile from multiple organ failure caused by surgery on 24 January 2016 at the age of 55.
Mexican Cession

The **Mexican Cession** of 1848 refers to the lands ceded or surrendered to the United States by Mexico at the end of the Mexican–American War. The territory became the states of California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona. It was agreed to in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which formally ended the war (1847–1848) between Mexico and the United States. The treaty was signed on 2 February 1848. The Cession added  of territory to the southwestern United States. It also contributed to the United States emerging as a world power in the late the 19th century.
Forouzan

**Forouzan**  (; 9 August 1937 – 24 January 2016) was an Iranian actress, producer, and dubbing artist. She started her career by voice dubbing. In 1964 she starred in Siamak Yasemi's "_Sahel-e Entezar_" but this was "Ganj-e Qarun", another movie by Yasemi that made her very famous. Her career came to an end because of the Iranian revolution of 1979.

Forouzan died in Tehran, Iran on 24 January 2016 at the age of 78.

Forouzan was popular also among the young Persians who were born after 1979 revolution.

## Other websites

- Forouzan in IMDb

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Forouzan
- **image**: Forouzan.jpg
- **imagesize**: 250 px
- **birth name**: Parvin Kheyrbakhsh
- **birth place**: Bandar-e Anzali , Iran
- **death place**: Tehran, Iran
- **occupation**: Actress, Producer, Dubbing artist
- **yearsactive**: 1963–1979
Sahabzada Yaqub Khan

**Sahabzada Yaqub Khan** (23 December 1920 – 26 January 2016) was a high-profile Pakistani figure and high-ranking general. He was the most senior figure in military and government assignments in the Pakistan Government. He was born in Rampur, India.

He was an important figure in Pakistan that related to international affairs for thirty years. He served as the foreign minister under President General Zia-ul-Haq from 1982 to 1991 and as the caretaker foreign minister from 1996 to 1997. He also served as the Pakistan Ambassador of the United States serving from 1973 though 1979.

Khan died in Islamabad on 26 January 2016 at the age of 95.

## Other websites

- Yaqub Khan – the man who reinvented himself by Khaled Ahmed (The Friday Times)
- SYK: The Man With Qualities Short biographical article by _S. Abbas Raza_
- Biographical article by M. Zafar in Defence Journal
- MAJOR-GENERAL SAHABZADA MOHD YAQUB KHAN (PA 136)
Concepcion Picciotto

**Concepción Picciotto** (née **Martín** January 15, 1936 – January 25, 2016) also known as **Conchita** or **Connie**,  was a Spanish-born American peace activist. She lived in Washington, D.C. on the 1600 block of Pennsylvania Avenue, in a peace camp across from the White House.

She lived in a tent outside from the White House since from August 1, 1981 because of the protest of nuclear arms under the Ronald Reagan presidency until her death in 2016.  She carried on the longest act of political protest in the United States, with her camp having been nicknamed by her supporters as 1601 Pennsylvania Avenue. She was born in Vigo, Spain.

Picciotto died in Washington, D.C. from complications of a fall on January 25, 2016 at the age of 80.

## Other websites

- Official site
- Interview with Concepcion Picciotto  by DCist
- Washington Post, May 2, 2013 - Connie Picciotto has kept vigil near the White House for 32 years. Why and at what cost?
Richard Levins

**Richard "Dick" Levins** (June 1, 1930 – January 19, 2016) was an American ecologist, a population geneticist, biomathematician, mathematical ecologist, and philosopher of science. He had researched diversity in human populations. Levins was a university professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and a long-time political activist. He was best known for his work on evolution and complexity in changing environments and on metapopulations.

Levins died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on January 19, 2016 from heart failure at the age of 85.

## Other websites

- Prof. Richard Levins, PhD
- Harvard webpage
- In "Living the 11th Thesis" Richard Levins discusses his own biography
- Personal narrative of political activity in Puerto Rico
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation 'Investigator Awards in Health Policy Research' page on Richard Levins
Kaeng Krachan National Park

**Kaeng Krachan** () is the largest national park of Thailand. It is on the border with Myanmar, and joins with Myanmar's Tanintharyi Nature Reserve. It is popular with tourists, and is near the beach resort of Hua Hin.

The park covers parts of Phetchaburi Province and Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. It contains rainforest on the eastern side of the Tenasserim Mountain Range. The highest elevation is 1,20 m. Two main rivers begin within the park: the Pranburi River and the Phetchaburi River. The Phetchaburi is blocked by the Kaeng Krachan Dam at the eastern border of the park. The dam creates a lake covering an area of 46.5 km<sup>2</sup>. The dam was built in 1966. There are private plantations within the park.

The park was created on 12 June 1981. It was the 28th national park of Thailand. It originally covered an area of 2,478 km<sup>2</sup>. It was enlarged in December 1984. In 2005 it was shown to UNESCO for consideration as a World Heritage Site.

The forests contain a great variety of plants and animals. The killing of wild elephants is a big problem at the park. It is difficult to stop poachers.

## Other websites

- National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department
- Wildlife, attractions and maps of Kaeng Krachan National Park

## Infobox (protected area)

- **name**: Kaeng Krachan National Park
- **iucn category**: II
- **photo**: Kaeng Krachan.jpg
- **map**: Thailand
- **map caption**: Map of Thailand
- **relief**: 1
- **location**: Phetchaburi Province, Phetchaburi and Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Prachuap Khiri Khan Provinces, Thailand
- **nearest city**: Phetchaburi
- **established**: 12 Jun 1981
Ignition

**Ignition** may refer to:
- Firelighting, the act of starting a fire
- Combustion, a chemical reaction that produces heat and fire

## Music

- _Ignition_ (album), an album by The Offspring
- "Ignition (Remix)", a 2002 song by R. Kelly
- "Ignition", a song by Trivium from the album _The Crusade_, 2006

## Vehicles

- Ignition system, the system that starts an engine
- Ignition coil, a part in an ignition system
Karch Kiraly

**Charles Frederick "Karch" Kiraly** () (born November 3, 1960) is an American volleyball player, coach and broadcast announcer.

He was born in Jackson, Michigan. He grew up in Santa Barbara, California.

## Career

He is one of three people who have won Olympic gold medals in both volleyball categories: beach and indoor.  The Fédération Internationale de Volleyball, (FIVB), volleyball's highest governing body, honored Kiraly as the greatest volleyball player of the 20th Century. He played college volleyball for the UCLA Bruins and won three national championships under head coach Al Scates.

## References

- Karch Kiraly Volleyball Academy
- Beach Volleyball Profile

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Charles Frederick "Karch" Kiraly
- **image**: Karch Kiraly 2014.jpg
- **caption**: at 2014 USAV Cup
- **occupation**: Volleyball player
Lloy Ball

**Lloy James Ball** (born February 17, 1972, in Fort Wayne, Indiana) is an American volleyball player, a member of American national team in 1993–2008, a participant of the Olympic Games Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004 and gold medalist of Beijing 2008, gold medalist of the NORCECA Championship 2007 and World League 2008, silver medalist of the Pan American 1995, bronze medalist of the World Championship 1994.  When not on the court actively playing the game, Ball operates Team Pineapple, a volleyball clinic that also features his father, Arnie Ball.

## References

- Lloy Ball's official bio at USA Volleyball
- Bio at NBC Olympics
Luigi Mastrangelo

**Luigi Mastrangelo** (born August 17, 1975 in Mottola, Italy) is an Italian men's volleyball player, a member of Italy national volleyball team, silver and bronze medalist of the Olympic Games, multiple winner of the European Championship and World League. He competed in the 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal in the 2000 and 2012 Games. He won a silver medal in the 2004 Games.

## References

- NBC Olympics profile
- Sports reference profile
Ivan Zaytsev

**Ivan Zaytsev** (born in Spoleto, Italy, 2 October 1988) is an Italian volleyball player. His parents originally come from Russia. He is a member of Italy's national volleyball team and the Italian club Sir Safety Umbria Volley.

## Career

Zaytsev won a bronze medal at the Olympic Games in London in 2012. He won a silver medal at the European Championship (2011, 2013), and bronze medal at the World League (2013, 2014). He won the Italian Championship in 2014.

## Other websites

- Highlights  (movie)
- LegaVolley Serie A profile player

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Ivan Zaytsev
- **image**: Ivan Zaytsev3.JPG
- **citizenship**: Italian
- **occupation**: Volleyball player
Matt Anderson

**Matthew John Anderson** (born April 18, 1987) is an American volleyball player. He is a member of the United States men's national volleyball team and the Russian club Zenit Kazan. He played volleyball at the Olympic Games in London in 2012. He was a NORCECA Champion 2013. He won gold medals at the 2008 Pan American Cup, 2014 World League and 2015 World Cup.

## Other websites

- Highlights  (movie)
- Official Matt Anderson Website
- FIVB profile
- Team USA player profile
- LegaVolley Serie A player profile
Ophiolite

An **ophiolite** is a section of the Earth's oceanic crust. The underlying upper mantle has been uplifted and exposed above sea level. The rocks which make up ophiolites are an altered form of basalt. The rocks are often green.

They are found in the mountain belts such as the Alps or the Himalayas. They show where former ocean basins were consumed by subduction. This was one of the discoveries of plate tectonics. Ophiolites have always played a central role in plate tectonic theory and the interpretation of ancient mountain belts.

## Stratigraphy and definition

The stratigraphic sequence seen in ophiolites is caused by lithosphere-forming processes at mid-oceanic ridges:

- Sediments: muds (black shale) and cherts deposited after the crust formed.
- Extrusive sequence: basalt "pillow lavas" show magma/seawater contact.
- Vertical, parallel dikes fed lavas above.
- Gabbros from minerals settling from a magma chamber.
- Peridotite: mantle rock minerals, heated and pressured in orogeny (mountain-building).

## Notable ophiolites

- In the California Coast Ranges, from Santa Barbara through San Francisco Counties, California.
- In Oman and the United Arab Emirates, widely considered one of the best exposed ophiolite sequences
- Macquarie Island, Tasmania, Australia was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997, as the only known example of an ophiolite complex in the process of being formed and currently in its original geological setting.
- In Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland, named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 because of its superbly exposed complete ophiolite stratigraphic sequence
Maxim Mikhaylov

**Maxim Mikhaylov** (born 19 March 1988) is a Russian volleyball player. He is a member of Russia men's national volleyball team. He also plays for the Russian club Zenit-Kazan. Mikhaylov was a gold medalist in the 2012 Summer Olympics. He was a bronze medalist of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Mikhaylov won a gold medal in the 2011 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup. He has won several medals in the Volleyball World League.

## Other websites

- Player's Biography
Yekaterina Gamova

**Yekaterina Aleksandrovna Gamova** (; born 17 October 1980) is a Russian volleyball player. She was a member of the Russian team that won the gold medals at the FIVB Volleyball World Championships in 2006 and 2010. She was also a member of the Russian team that won silver medals in both the Athens 2004 and Sydney 2000 Olympic Games. Yekaterina Gamova is  tall with an EU shoe size of 49. This makes her one of the tallest female athletes in the world.  Her role is outside hitter/opposite.

## Other websites

- FIVB Profile
- Fenerbahce Acibadem Women's Volleyball Team
- Uralochka VC profile
- Gamova's photos

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Yekaterina Gamova
- **image**: Ekaterina Gamova 3.jpg
- **caption**: Yekaterina Gamova in 2009
- **fullname**: Yekaterina Aleksandrovna Gamova
- **nationality**: Russians, Russian
- **birth place**: Chelyabinsk, Russia
- **hometown**: Yekaterinburg, Russia
- **position**: Opposite
- **club**: VC Uralochka-NTMK Yekaterinburg, Uralochka-NTMK
  WVC Dynamo Moscow, Dynamo Moscow
  Fenerbahçe Women's Volleyball, Fenerbahçe Acıbadem
  WVC Dynamo Kazan, Dinamo Kazan
- **national team**: Russia women's national volleyball team, Russia
- **updated**: May 2016
Flight of the Navigator

***Flight of the Navigator*** is an American science fiction movie from 1986. It was directed by Randal Kleiser and written by Mark H. Baker and Michael Burton. It is about David Freeman, a 12-year-old boy who is taken by an alien spaceship and finds himself caught in a world that has changed around him.

The producers of the movie at first sent it to Walt Disney Pictures in 1984. However, the studio was not able to approve it. It was sent to Producers Sales Organization. That studio made a deal with Disney to distribute the movie in the United States. The movie was partially filmed in Fort Lauderdale, Florida and Norway. It was a co-production with the Norwegian company _Viking Film_.

## Cast

- Joey Cramer as David Freeman
- Paul Reubens (credited as "Paul Mall") as the voice of Max
- Cliff DeYoung as Bill Freeman
- Veronica Cartwright as Helen Freeman
- Matt Adler as Jeff Freeman
    - Albie Whitaker plays eight-year-old Jeff Freeman
- Sarah Jessica Parker as Carolyn McAdams
- Howard Hesseman as Dr. Louis Faraday
- Robert Small as Troy
- Jonathan Sanger as Dr. Carr
- Richard Liberty as Larry Howard
- Iris Acker as Janet Howard
- Raymond Forchion as Detective Banks
- Keri Rogers as Jennifer Bradley

## Production

The Trimaxion Drone Ship was rendered in CGI by Omnibus Computer Animation, under the supervision of Jeff Kleiser, the brother of director Randal Kleiser.

## Soundtrack

The music score for the movie was composed by Alan Silvestri. It is different from his other scores because it was completely electronically generated, using the Synclavier, one of the first digital multi-track recorders and samplers.

1. Theme from "Flight of the Navigator"
1. "Main Title"
1. "The Ship Beckons"
1. "David in the Woods"
1. "Robot Romp"
1. "Transporting the Ship"
1. "Ship Drop"
1. "Have to Help a Friend"
1. "The Shadow Universe"
1. "Flight"
1. "Finale"
1. "Star Dancing"

## Infobox (film)

- **name**: Flight of the Navigator
- **director**: Randal Kleiser
- **story**: Mark H. Baker
- **music**: Alan Silvestri
- **studio**: Producers Sales Organization, PSO Productions
Viking Film AS
- **distributor**: Buena Vista Pictures (United States)
Producers Sales Organization, PSO Productions (Internationally)
- **runtime**: 90 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $9 million
- **gross**: $18,564,613
Dinah Manoff

**Dinah Manoff** (born January 25, 1956) is an American stage, movie and television actress. She acted in many television movies and guest starred on television programs. She played Libby Tucker in both the stage and movie versions of _I Ought to be in Pictures_. She won a Tony Award in 1980 for acting in the play. She also acted in the theatrical movies _Bart Got a Room_ and _The Amati Girls_.

In 1978, at age 19 she played Marty Maraschino in her first movie, _Grease_.

In 1980, Manoff played Karen, the suicidal friend of Timothy Hutton's character in the multiple Oscar-winning _Ordinary People_. In 1988, she played Maggie Peterson in _Child's Play_. She then began playing Carol Weston on the television series _Empty Nest_. She played that role for seven years.

Manoff was born in New York City.
Zika virus

**Zika virus** (**ZIKV**) belongs to the virus family _Flaviviridae_ and the genus _Flavivirus._  It is spread by mosquitoes from the genus _Aedes_, which are active during the daytime.

Zika virus is named after Uganda's Zika Forest, where the virus was discovered in 1947.

Zika virus can cause an infectious disease called Zika fever.  Zika fever often causes no symptoms, or only mild symptoms. Scientists know that people in Africa and Asia have been getting Zika fever since the 1950s.  In 2014, the virus spread eastward across the Pacific Ocean - first to French Polynesia, then to Easter Island.  Finally, in 2015, it spread to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America.  In these places, Zika virus has become a pandemic.

## Background

Zika virus is related to West Nile virus and the viruses that cause dengue fever, yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis.  Zika virus causes an illness that is like a mild form of dengue fever.  It is treated by rest.  As of 2016, there is no medication or vaccine that can prevent the Zika virus.

Pregnant women who get the Zika virus can spread the virus to their fetuses.  When they are born, these newborns may be more likely to have microcephaly.  In places where the Zika virus lives, people are more likely to have birth defects, neurological problems like Guillain-Barré syndrome, and autoimmune diseases.

## 2016 outbreak

In January 2016, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published advice for how to avoid getting Zika fever.  They suggested that when traveling to places where Zika virus lives:
- Travelers should use "enhanced precautions," meaning they should be as careful as possible to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes
- Pregnant women should think about not traveling to these areas

Other governments or health agencies soon issued similar travel warnings.  Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, and Jamaica advised women not to get pregnant until scientists know more about the risks of Zika virus to pregnant women.

On February 2, 2016, public health officials in Dallas County, Texas, reported the first case of somebody getting Zika virus in the United States.

## Related pages

- Wolbachia
- World mosquito program

## Other websites

- Zika Virus – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Flaviviridae Genomes  database search results from the Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center
- Viralzone: Flaviviridae
- Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Flaviviridae
- World Health Organization Zika Virus Fact Sheet
Rove beetle

The **rove beetles** are a family of beetles. The scientific name is **Staphylinidae**. It is the largest family of beetles. It has over 63,000 species. Some of these species are very old; fossils of rove beetles have been dated to the Triassic, 200 million years ago.

They are mainly recognised by their short elytra (wing covers) that usually cover only half of their abdomens.
Devil's coach horse beetle

The **Devil's coach-horse beetle**, is a very common beetle in Europe. It is also sometimes called the **Cocktail beetle**. It belongs to the family of the rove beetles.
Denny's

**Denny's** is a pancake house and casual family restaurant. It has more than 1,600 restaurants in the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, Canada, Central America, Mexico, New Zealand and Japan. It serves pancakes, eggs, sausage and more.

From the 1990s to the 2010s, Denny's was involved in serious controversy. They were accused of discrimination. In 1994, in San Jose, California, several black teenagers were told they had to pay before getting their food. In 2014, an LGBT group accused a Denny's location in Deming, New Mexico of discrimination. The group said that the wait staff said homophobic things and refused to serve them. The LGBT customers were attending a gay pride celebration.

## Other websites

- Denny's website
Wayne County

**Wayne County** may refer to:

## Counties in the United States

- Wayne County, Georgia
- Wayne County, Illinois
- Wayne County, Indiana
- Wayne County, Iowa
- Wayne County, Kentucky
- Wayne County, Michigan
- Wayne County, Mississippi
- Wayne County, Missouri
- Wayne County, Nebraska
- Wayne County, New York
- Wayne County, North Carolina
- Wayne County, Ohio
- Wayne County, Pennsylvania
- Wayne County, Tennessee
- Wayne County, Utah
- Wayne County, West Virginia
Fremont County

**Fremont County** may refer to:

- Fremont County, Colorado
- Fremont County, Idaho
- Fremont County, Iowa
- Fremont County, Wyoming
- Fremont County, Kansas Territory
Plano

**Plano** may refer to:

## Places in the United States

- Plano, California, former name of Sanborn
- Plano, Texas
- Plano, Illinois
- Plano, Indiana
- Plano, Iowa
Fremont County, Wyoming

**Fremont County** is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. In the 2020 census, 39,234 people lived there.  Its county seat is Lander. The county was formed in 1884. It is named for John C. Frémont, a general, explorer, and politician. It is about the size of the state of Vermont.

Fremont County includes the Riverton, Wyoming Micropolitan Statistical Area.

### Cities

- Lander (county seat)
- Riverton

### Towns

- Dubois
- Hudson
- Pavillion
- Shoshoni

### Census-designated places

- Arapahoe
- Atlantic City
- Boulder Flats
- Crowheart
- Ethete
- Fort Washakie
- Jeffrey City
- Johnstown

### Unincorporated communities

- Kinnear
- Kotey Place
- Lysite
- Miner's Delight
- St. Stephens
- South Pass City

## Infobox (u.s. county)

- **county**: Fremont County
- **state**: Wyoming
- **founded year**: 1884
- **founded date**: March 5
- **seat wl**: Lander
- **largest city wl**: Riverton
- **area total sq mi**: 9266
- **area land sq mi**: 9184
- **area water sq mi**: 82
- **area percentage**: 0.9%
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population total**: 39234
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **web**: www.fremontcountywy.org
- **ex image**: Fremont County Courthouse (Front).JPG
- **ex image cap**: Fremont County Courthouse in Lander
- **time zone**: Mountain
- **named for**: John C. Frémont
- **district**: At-large
Riverton, Wyoming

**Riverton** is a city in Freemont County, Wyoming in the United States. It is the largest settlement in Freemont County.
Lander, Wyoming

**Lander** is a city in Wyoming in the United States. It is the county seat of Freemont County. According to the 2020 census, Lander has 7,546 people.
Riverton

**Riverton** is the name of several places:
- In Australia:
- Riverton, South Australia, a small town and former railway junction in the mid north of South Australia
- Riverton, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia

- In Canada:
- Riverton, Manitoba, a small village
- Riverton, Nova Scotia, a small community in Pictou County

- In Jamaica
- Riverton City, Jamaica

- In New Zealand
- Riverton, New Zealand, a small town at the bottom of the South Island of New Zealand

- In South Africa
- Riverton, a resort on the Vaal River outside Kimberley, Northern Cape

- In the United States of America:
- Riverton, California
- Riverton, Illinois
- Riverton, Indiana
- Riverton, Iowa
- Riverton, Kansas
- Riverton, Kentucky
- Riverton, Minnesota
- Riverton, Nebraska
- Riverton, New Jersey
- Riverton, New York
- Riverton Houses, a residential development in New York City
- Riverton, Utah
- Riverton, West Virginia
- Riverton, Wyoming

**Riverton** may also refer to:
- Riverton Prize, a Norwegian crime fiction award
Lander

**Lander** may refer to:

## Places

- United States
- Lander County, Nevada, United States
- Lander Crossing, California, United States
- Lander, Pennsylvania, United States
- Lander, Wyoming, United States

- Venezuela
- Lander, Venezuela
Atlantic City (disambiguation)

**Atlantic City** is a city in New Jersey, United States.

**Atlantic City** may also refer to:

## Places

- Eko Atlantic (Atlantic City Africa)
- Atlantic City, Wyoming, a census-designated place in Wyoming, United States
- "Atlantic-City", a business center in Primorsky District, Saint Petersburg

## Transportation

- Atlantic City catboat, an American sailboat design
- Atlantic City Express (Amtrak train), a former Amtrak train service
- Atlantic City Express Service, a former train service linking New York City with Atlantic City
- Atlantic City Expressway, a toll road in South Jersey
- Atlantic City International Airport, an airport in Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey
- Atlantic City Line, a train service also in South Jersey
- Atlantic City Rail Terminal, a train station in Atlantic City, New Jersey

## Arts, entertainment, and media

- _Atlantic City_ (1944 film), a musical film
- _Atlantic City_ (1980 film), a drama film
- "_Atlantic City_", a 1986 episode of the TV series _The Facts of Life_
- "_Atlantic City_", a 2006 episode of the TV series _How I Met Your Mother_
- "Atlantic City" (song), a 1982 song by Bruce Springsteen

## Other uses

- Atlantic City (minor league baseball), two minor league baseball teams that represented Atlantic City, New Jersey
- Atlantic City Mercantile, an historic building in Atlantic City, Wyoming

## Related pages

- Atlantic County, New Jersey, USA
Atlantic City, Wyoming

**Atlantic City** is a census-designated place in the U.S. state of Wyoming.
Lovell

**Lovell** may refer to:

## Places

- Lovell, Maine, United States
- Lovell, Ohio, an unincorporated community
- Lovell, Wyoming, United States
- Minster Lovell, Oxfordshire, UK

## People

- Jim Lovell, astronaut
Third Amendment to the United States Constitution

The **Third Amendment** (**Amendment III**) to the United States Constitution places restrictions on the quartering of soldiers in private homes without the owner's consent. It forbids the practice completely during peacetime. The amendment is a response to the Quartering Acts passed by the British parliament between the French and Indian War and the American Revolutionary War. They allowed the British Army to house soldiers in private homes in the American colonies.

The Third Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison. It was a part of the United States Bill of Rights in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution. Congress proposed the amendment to the states on September 28, 1789. By December 15, 1791, the necessary three-quarters of the states had ratified it. Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the amendment on March 1, 1792.

The amendment is one of the least controversial of the Constitution and is rarely litigated. The American Bar Association called it the "runt piglet" of the U.S. Constitution. There were times when the US government probably violated this amendment. These include the War of 1812, the American Civil War, and during World War II in the Aleutian Islands. But as of 2015 it has never been the primary basis of a Supreme Court decision.

## Other websites

- National Constitution Center: Amendment III
- CRS Annotated Constitution: Third Amendment
Boston King

**Boston King** from ( 1760–1802) was a former Afro-American slave and British loyalist. He was born a slave in South Carolina and was apprenticed as a carpenter.  He joined the British when they occupied Charleston, as they promised freedom to slaves. Later, he gained his freedom from the British and settled in Nova Scotia after the American Revolutionary War. He later emigrated to Sierra Leone, where he helped found Freetown. King became the first Methodist missionary in Africa. King published his autobiography in 1798. He died about 1802 in Sierra Leone.
Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The **Fourth Amendment** (**Amendment IV**) to the United States Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any search warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause. It is part of the Bill of Rights. The Fourth amendment was adopted in response to the abuse of the writ of assistance, a type of general search warrant issued by the British government. It was a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America. The Fourth Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison, along with the other amendments in the Bill of Rights. They were proposed in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution.

Congress sent 12 amendments to the states in August of 1789. Of these, 10 were approved by the states. The last state, Virginia ratified the amendments (including the fourth amendment) on December 15, 1791. On March 1, 1792, Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the amendment.

The Bill of Rights did not initially apply to the states. Also, federal criminal investigations were less common in the first century of the nation's history. For these reasons there is little case law for the Fourth Amendment before the 20th century. The amendment was held to apply to the states in _Mapp v. Ohio_ (1961).

Under the Fourth Amendment, search and seizure (including arrest) should be limited in scope to specific information supplied to the issuing court. This is usually by a law enforcement officer who has sworn by it. Fourth Amendment case law deals with three central questions. What government activities constitute "search" and "seizure"? What constitutes probable cause for these actions? How should violations of Fourth Amendment rights be addressed? Early court decisions limited the amendment's scope to a law enforcement officer's physical intrusion onto private property. But with _Katz v. United States_ (1967), the Supreme Court held that its protections, such as the warrant requirement, extend to the privacy of individuals as well as physical locations. Law enforcement officers need a warrant for most search and seizure activities. But the Court has defined a series of exceptions for consent searches, motor vehicle searches, evidence in plain view, exigent circumstances, border searches, and other situations.

The exclusionary rule is one way the amendment is enforced. Established in _Weeks v. United States_ (1914), this rule holds that evidence obtained through a Fourth Amendment violation is generally inadmissible at criminal trials. Evidence discovered as a later result of an illegal search may also be inadmissible as "fruit of the poisonous tree," unless it inevitably would have been discovered by legal means.
Royalty (album)

***Royalty*** is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Chris Brown. It was released on December 18, 2015, by RCA Records. The album serves as the follow-up to his sixth album _X_ (2014).

The album was dedicated to his daughter, Royalty (born May 27, 2014).

## Track listing

- Sample credits
- "Picture Me Rollin’" contains elements of "Regulate" performed by Nate Dogg featuring Warren G, and "Funk You Up" performed by The Sequence.
- "Who's Gonna (Nobody)" contains elements of "Nobody" performed by Keith Sweat featuring Athena Cage, and "My, My, My" performed by Johnny Gill.
- "Proof" contains elements of "My Heart Belongs to U" performed by Jodeci.
- "Discover" contains elements of "Little City Slikers" performed by Auracle.

## Charts

|scope="col"|Chart (2015–16)|scope="col"|Peak position|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|2||||
|align="center"|15|||

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Royalty
- **type**: Studio
- **artist**: Chris Brown
- **released**: December 18, 2015
- **recorded**: 2014–2015
- **genre**: * Contemporary R&B, R&B
* Soul music, soul
- **length**: 51:04
- **prev title**: Fan of a Fan: The Album
(2015)
Resisting arrest

In some countries, **resisting arrest** is a criminal charge against a person who has ran away from a criminal offense.

## What they did

A person resisting arrest has done, depending on the jurisdiction, at least one of the following acts:

- fleeing a police officer while being arrested
- threatening a police officer with physical violence while being arrested
- physically struggling to free oneself from being restrained (handcuffed or put into the police vehicle)
- attacking a police officer while being arrested
- providing an officer with false identification (either verbally or by presentation of a false official document, i.e. a fake ID)

## Background

The website _Resisting Arrest_ stated that not all arrests are lawful and based upon probable cause.  However, an attempt at resisting arrest can lead to additional charges.

## Other websites

- Example code  from New Jersey