juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Port Blair

Sri VijayaPuram is the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India in the Bay of Bengal. It is also the local administrative sub-division (_tehsil_) of the islands, the headquarters for the district of South Andaman, and is the territory's only notified town. It houses the headquarters of the Andaman and Nicobar Police and the Andaman and Nicobar Command, the first integrated tri-command of the armed forces of India.

## Transportation

Sri Vijaya Puram also serves as the entry point for visiting the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Sri Vijaya Puram is connected with mainland India by both air and sea. It is a 2-hour flight from mainland India to Port Blair, but it takes 3–4 days by sea to reach Chennai, Kolkata or Vishakhapatnam. Air connectivity to Sri Vijaya Puram is available from Chennai, Kolkata, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bhubaneshwar and Vishakhapatnam. All flights bound to Andaman and Nicobar Islands land at the Veer Savarkar International Airport. Sea connectivity is available from Chennai, Kolkata and Vishakhapatnam are embarked in Haddo Wharf Port.  It is home to several museums and a major naval base INS Jarawa of the Indian Navy, along with sea and air bases of the Indian Coast Guard and the Indian Air Force. Sri Vijaya Puram is also famous for the historic Cellular Jail and other small islands like Carbyns Cove, Wandoor, Ross, Viper etc. which were once home to British colonists.

Sri Vijaya Puram has been selected as one of the cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission.

## Population

India census, Sri Vijaya Puram had a population of 100,608. Males constitute 52.92% (53,247) of the population and females 47.07% (47,361). Sri Vijaya Puram has an average literacy rate of 89.76%, higher than the national average that is 74.04%. In Port Blair, male literacy is 92.79%, and female literacy is 86.34%. 9.3% of the population is under the age of 6 years. The most common religion is Hinduism, followed by Christianity and Islam. Bengali is the most spoken language of the city, followed by Hindi and Tamil.
Cellular Jail

The **Cellular Jail**, also known as **Kālā Pānī** (Hindi for _black waters_), was a colonial prison in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The prison was used by the British especially to exile political prisoners to the remote archipelago. Many notable dissidents such as Batukeshwar Dutt, Yogendra Shukla and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, among others, were imprisoned here during the struggle for India's independence. Today, the complex serves as a national memorial monument.

## Architecture

The construction of the prison started in 1896 and was completed in 1906. The original building was a puce-colored brick building.The bricks used to build the building were brought from Burma.Each of the seven wings had three stories upon completion. There were no dormitories and a total of 696 cells. Each cell was  in size with a ventilator located at a height of .
The name, "cellular jail", derived from the solitary cells which prevented any prisoner from communicating with any other. Also, the spokes were so designed such that the face of a cell in a spoke saw the back of cells in another spoke. This way, communication between prisoners was impossible.

## Japanese occupation

The Empire of Japan invaded the Andaman islands in 1942 and drove out the British. The Cellular Jail then became home to British prisoners. During this period, Subhas Chandra Bose also visited the island. In 1945, the British resumed control with the end of World War II.

## Post Independence

Another two wings of the jail were demolished after India achieved independence. However, this led to protests from several former prisoners and political leaders who saw it as a way of erasing the evidence of their persecution. The remaining three wings and the central tower were therefore converted into a National Memorial on 11th February 1979 by then Prime Minister of India Shri.Morarji Desai.

The Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital was set up in the premises of the Cellular Jail in 1963. It is now a 500-bed hospital with about 40 doctors serving the local population.The centenary of the jail's completion was marked on 10 March 2006.
Ross Island, South Andaman district

**Ross Island** is an island of the Andaman Islands.  It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The island is situated  east from downtown Port Blair.

## 1941 earthquake

About nine months before the Japanese take-over of the entire set of islands, Ross Island experienced an earthquake, which caused many people to leave the Island.
Except for a brief time when the Japanese occupied, the abandonment of Ross Island as a result of the quake continued. The headquarters were then shifted to Port Blair.

## Japanese period

From 1942 to 1945, the island was occupied by the Japanese. The Government House became the residence of the Japanese admiral also for three years (from March 1942 to October 1945). It was during this period that Subhash Chandra Bose, who took the help of Japanese in his fight against the British, stayed at the Island for a day in December 1943. Netaji also hoisted the national tricolor at the top of the Government House. The Japanese too left their imprint on the island which stand in the form of bunkers used as watch points to safeguard the Island from any foreign invasion.

## Recapture

The allies reoccupied the island in 1945 and later abandoned it.

## Indian naval post

In April 1979, the island was handed over to the Navy, which set up a small post, INS Jarawa, named after one of the indigenous tribes of the Andaman group of islands.

## Geography

The island belongs to the Port Blair Islands and lies in the entrance of Port Blair.

## Administration

Politically, Ross Island is part of Port Blair taluk.

## Demographics

Ross Island is an island where no civilian settlement is allowed by the authorities.
Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Cricket Stadium

The **Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Cricket Stadium** or **Naya Raipur International Cricket Stadium** is a cricket field in the city of Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.

It is the second largest cricket stadium after Eden Garden cricket stadium (Kolkata) and fourth-largest cricket stadium in the world. The stadium has a seating capacity of 65,000. Inaugurated in 2008, this ground hosted its first ever match in 2010, when the Canada national cricket team arrived in India and played a practice match against the Chhattisgarh state team. In 2013, the stadium was declared as a second host venue for Delhi Daredevils in the Indian Premier League (IPL) and hosted two of its matches.

The stadium is named after Veer Narayan Singh a landlord from Sonakhan who led the 1857 war Indian independence in Chhattisgarh.

## Other websites

- Picture of stadium
- Cricinfo Website - Ground Page
- cricketarchive Website - Ground Page
- More About Chhattisgarh progress
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda

**Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda** ( – 3 November 1977) (, FPAS, SI), was a Bangladeshi organic chemist, educationist and writer. He founded the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. From 1969 to 1972, Khuda served as the president of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences.

He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1976 by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in education of the country and Independence Day Award in 1986 (posthumous) by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in science and technology.

## Early life

Khuda was born in Margram village, Birbhum District, Bengal Presidency, British India (now India). He passed Matriculation examination from Calcutta Madrasa in 1918 with First Division. In 1924, he received his MSc degree in Chemistry from Presidency College, Kolkata. Later, he studied in London University. In 1929, he received D. Sc. in physics from this institute.

## Works

Khuda was specialized in the field of organic chemistry. He conducted research on herbals, jute, salt, charcoal, soil and minerals. He extracted biochemical elements from local trees and plants that can be used for medical purposes. Khuda and his associates had patent of 18 scientific inventions. One of his most significant inventions was manufacturing of Partex from jute-stick. Other significant scientific innovations by Khuda were manufacturing malt vinegar from the juice of sugarcane and molasses, rayon from jute and jute-sticks, and paper from jute.

## Publications

- _Bigganer Saras Kahini_ (Interesting History of Science)
- _Bigganer Vichitra Kahini_ (Wonderful History of Science)
- _Bigganer Suchana_ (Origin of Science)
- _Jaiba Rasayan_ (Organic Chemistry) - four volumes
- _Purba Pakistaner Shilpa Sambhabana_ (Industrial Potentiality of East Pakistan)
- _Paramanu Parichiti_ (An Introduction to the Atom)
- _Bigganer Pahela Katha_ (First Word of Science)
- _Pabitra Quraner Puti Kotha O Angari Jaoyara_ (The Holy Sayings of Quran and Angari Jaoyara)

## Awards

- 1976: Ekushey Padak by the Government of Bangladesh in education.
- 1986: Independence Day Award (posthumous) by the Government of Bangladesh in science and technology.

## Other websites

- Dr. M. Qudrat-i-Khuda  in Bangladesh Academy of Sciences

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda
- **native name**: মুহাম্মাদ কুদরাত-ই-খুদা
- **native name lang**: bn
- **birth date**: 1900
- **birth place**: Margram, Birbhum District, Bengal Presidency, British Raj
- **death place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **citizenship**: British Indian (1900-47)
Pakistani (1947–73)
Bangladeshi (1973–77)
- **nationality**: Bangladeshi
- **fields**: Organic Chemistry
- **workplaces**: Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
University of Karachi, Karachi University
Dhaka University
- **alma mater**: University of London
- **awards**: Nishan-e-Pakistan#Recipients of the Tamgha-e-Pakistan, Tamgha-e-Pakistan (1973)
Sitara-e-Imtiaz (1972)
Independence Day Award (1984)
Ekushey Padak (1976)
Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)

"**Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)**" is a song written and recorded by British singer-songwriter Phil Collins.  It was first released on March 26, 1984.  The song appears on the soundtrack for the movie of the same name.  The song reached number one in Norway and on the US _Billboard_ Hot 100.  It reached the top five in the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden, and New Zealand.

## Covers

The song has become popular and covered by many artists, including American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey, who included a cover on her 1999 album, _Rainbow_.  She later released a new version of the song in 2000 featuring Irish boy band Westlife.  This version reached number one in the UK.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)
- **artist**: Phil Collins
- **album**: Against All Odds
- **released**: March 26, 1984
- **genre**: Power Pop music, pop
- **length**: 3:23
- **label**: Atlantic
- **writer**: Phil Collins
- **producer**: Arif Mardin
- **chronology**: Phil Collins singles
- **prev title**: Easy Lover
- **prev year**: 1984
- **next title**: You Don't Know like I Know
- **next year**: 1984
Lauw

**Lauw** is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

## References

- INSEE commune file
Misenum

**Misenum** (modern-day **Miseno**) is a small commune near Naples, Italy. Today, Miseno is part of Bacoli. Miseno is at the end of the Gulf of Naples. The city has a long history. Originally, Misenum was part of Cumae. It was devastated by Hannibal, in the year 214 BC.

Today, it is mostly known for its beaches. The best-known sight is the Piscina Mirabilis, a water reservoir, of about 70m by 30m which the Romans constructed to support the fleet.

The current landscape around Misenum is characterized by hills and crater lakes. It is the result of the volcanic activity of the Phlegraean Fields.
Inga Borg

**Inga Maria Borg** (25 August 1925 – 24 October 2017) was a Swedish artist and children's book author. She is best known for writing about the fantasy figure Plupp. She was awarded the Elsa Beskow Award for her books about Plupp in 1970. She was born in Stockholm.

Borg died in Stockholm on 24 October 2017 at the age of 92.
Albaston

**Albaston** () is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the civil parish of Calstock.

## Geography

Albaston is about 1 mile (2 kilometres) from the centre of Gunnislake and half-a-mile (0.7 kilometres) from Gunnislake railway station, the junction of the Tamar Valley Line from Plymouth.

## History

In the past, Albaston was closely connected with the nearby mine at Drakewalls. The success of the Drakewalls mine in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century led to the growth of the village of Albaston, including the building of a Methodist chapel and several shops, homes and businesses. A brewery, Edward Bowhay & Brothers, was established by 1877; this brewery had closed by 1930.

## Facilities

The village has a Methodist church, known as Tamar Valley Methodist Church. It was opened in 2001.

The Old Post Office House is now rented as a holiday home accommodating nine people.

## Notable residents

Christian Pentecostal leader Thomas Ball Barratt was born in Albaston in 1862, the son of a mining engineer. He moved to Norway when his father began working for a mine there and in later life became the founder of the Norwegian Pentecostal movement.
Contribution claim

A **contribution claim** is a claim made by one or more people in a court case to get money from a person not involved in the case.

In most cases, contribution claims are made like the original claim itself. The claim must be personally given to the new, third party defendant, by the third party plaintiff (the defendant bringing the claim for contribution relief). In contrast, a counter-claim asserts that the party (usually a defendant) is entitled to offset the damages awarded to plaintiff by the proportionate share of any responsibility, liability, or fault assigned to the plaintiff by the jury. Finally, a cross-claim is the same as a counter-claim or contribution claim, except that it is asserted by a defendant against other defendants. Counter-claims and cross claims do not require personal service because no new parties are being added to the claim.

In some state court systems, a contribution claim must be made as a new case, and the person making it must pay a fee. In other states, no extra fee is required.
Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus

**Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus** (c. 116 – soon after 56 BC), younger brother of the more famous Lucius Licinius Lucullus, was a supporter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla and consul of ancient Rome in 73 BC. As proconsul of Macedonia in 72 BC, he defeated the Bessi in Thrace and advanced to the Danube and the west coast of the Black Sea. In addition, he was marginally involved in the Third Servile War (a.k.a. Spartacus' War).
Lu Guanqiu

**Lu Guanqiu** (;17 January 1945 – 25 October 2017) was a Chinese billionaire entrepreneur, and the founder of Wanxiang Group. He was the 18th richest person in China, according to the Hurun Report China Rich List 2013, The individual ranked as the 286th wealthiest person globally. and reportedly the richest person in Zhejiang province. He was a delegate to the Chinese National People's Congress.

Lu died on 25 October 2017 in Hangzhou, China, aged 72.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lu Guanqiu
 鲁冠球
- **birth place**: Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, PRC
- **spouse**: married
- **children**: 4
- **death place**: Hangzhou, China
- **occupation**: Founder & President
 Wanxiang Group
- **alma mater**: Zhejiang University
Vilnis Edvīns Bresis

**Vilnis Edvīns Bresis** (30 January 1938 in Jelgava – 25 October 2017) is a Latvian politician who was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Latvian SSR from 6 October 1988 to 7 May 1990. From 2002 until 2010, Bresis was member of the parliament, elected from the Union of Greens and Farmers.

Bresis died on 25 October 2017 of pulmonary edema at the age of 79.
Cheri Bustos

**Cheryl Lea Bustos**  (née **Callahan**; born October 17, 1961) is an American journalist, healthcare executive, and politician. Bustos was the U.S. Representative for Illinois's 17th congressional district from 2013 to 2023. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Bustos was the first woman elected to Congress from her district.

In April 2021, Bustos announced that she would not run for another term in 2022.

## Other websites

- Representative Cheri Bustos  official U.S. House website
- Cheri Bustos for Congress

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Cheri Bustos
- **image**: Cheri Bustos official photo.jpg
- **office**: Chair of the Democratic Policy and Communications Committee
- **leader**: Nancy Pelosi
- **term start**: January 3, 2017
- **term end**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor**: Steve Israel
- **successor**: Sean Patrick Maloney
- **state1**: Illinois
- **term start1**: January 3, 2013
- **term end1**: January 3, 2023
- **predecessor1**: Bobby Schilling
- **successor1**: Eric Sorensen (politician), Eric Sorensen
- **birth place**: Springfield, Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Gerry Bustos
- **children**: 3 sons
- **education**: University of Maryland, College Park, University of Maryland,
College Park
University of Illinois, Springfield, University of Illinois,
Springfield
Billy the Puppet

**Billy** is a puppet that has appeared in the _Saw_ franchise. It was used by John Kramer to talk with his test subjects by delivering recorded messages, often appearing on a television screen or occasionally in person to describe the details of the traps and the means by which the test subjects could survive.

Although it has never actually been identified in the movies, "Billy" is the name by which it is referred to by writers, directors, and members of the cast and crew on documentaries and interviews. The name was given to it by its real-life creator James Wan, who is the director and co-writer of _Saw_.

## Other websites

- Dwight Schrute (portrayed by Rainn Wilson) dressed as Billy
- Example of _Billy_ Halloween mask
David A. Kessler

**David Aaron Kessler** (born May 13, 1951) is an American pediatrician, lawyer, author, and administrator (both academic and governmental).  He was the Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from November 8, 1990 to February 28, 1997.

On November 9, 2020, Kessler was announced as one of the three co-chairs of Joe Biden's COVID-19 Advisory Board, alongside former U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith in his administration.

He was the head of Operation Warp Speed, the U.S. government program to accelerate the development of COVID-19 vaccines and other treatment, from January to February 2021.

## Other websites

- Official FDA Bio
- David A. Kessler Named New Dean of UCSF School of Medicine
- "Bacon as a Weapon of Mass Destruction" - video by _Democracy Now!_

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **image**: DavidAaronKesslerApr2009.jpg
- **office**: Head of Operation Warp Speed
- **term start**: January 20, 2021
- **term end**: February 24, 2021
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **predecessor**: Moncef Slaoui
- **successor**: Gustave F. Perna (Chief Operating Officer of COVID-19 Response for Vaccine and Therapeutics)
- **office1**: Co-Chair of the COVID-19 Advisory Board
- **alongside1**: Vivek Murthy and Marcella Nunez-Smith
- **president1**: Joe Biden
- **term start1**: November 9, 2020
- **term end1**: January 20, 2021
- **predecessor1**: _Office established_
- **successor1**: _Office abolished_
- **office2**: 17th Commissioner of Food and Drugs
- **president2**: George H. W. Bush
Bill Clinton
- **term start2**: November 8, 1990
- **term end2**: February 28, 1997
- **predecessor2**: Frank E. Young (physician), Frank Young
- **successor2**: Jane E. Henney
- **birth name**: David Aaron Kessler
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **education**: Amherst College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
University of Chicago (Juris Doctor, JD)
Harvard University (Doctor of Medicine, MD)
Donald Kennedy

**Donald Kennedy** (August 18, 1931 – April 21, 2020) was an American scientist, public administrator and academic.  He served as Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (1977–79), President of Stanford University (1980–92), and editor-in-chief of Science (journal) (2000–08).

Kennedy resigned as president of Stanford University in 1992 in the wake of a scandal involving expenses charged to the federal government.

Kennedy died of COVID-19 in Redwood City, California on April 21, 2020 at the age of 88.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Donald Kennedy
- **image**: Donald Kennedy photo.png
- **order**: 8th
- **title**: List of Stanford University people#University presidents, President of Stanford University
- **term start**: August 1, 1980
- **term end**: September 1, 1992
- **predecessor**: Richard W. Lyman
- **successor**: Gerhard Casper
- **title2**: List of Stanford University people#Provosts, Provost of Stanford University
- **term start2**: 1979
- **term end2**: 1980
- **predecessor2**: Gerald J. Lieberman
- **successor2**: Albert M. Hastorf
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Redwood City, California, Redwood City, California, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Harvard University
- **profession**: Professor, Journalist, Scientist
- **spouse**: Robin Kennedy
- **children**: Page Kennedy, Julia Kennedy-Tussing
Step-children: Cameron Kennedy, Jamie Hamill
Icelandic horse

**Icelandic horses** are a breed of horse that resist the cold, have two unique gaits, and are a breed with special names.
Icelandics in winter get really fluffy coats, helping keep the cold out.
The icelandics also have two unique gaits, one of which, the most popular, the tölt! The tölt is a beautiful, long stride gait, almost like a stretched out trot.

This specific breed of horse has special names for their horses, since the breed is quite old. Here are some examples of them:

- Skjoni; pinto
- Ósk; wish, desire
- Fífill; Dandelion
Lierna

**Lierna** is a _comune_ in the province of Lecco in Lombardy, “the Diamond of Lake Como” in north-west Italy. It lies on the eastern shore of Lake Como.

**Lierna** is a _comune_ located in the region of Lombardy, Lecco, Italy. Together with Menaggio, Tremezzo, Varenna and Bellagio, it forms part of the strategic central area around Lake Como.

It is about  north of Milan and about  north-west of Lecco. It has an area of 11.3 km² and has twelve _frazioni_: Bancola, Casate, Castello, Cisarino, Genico, Giussana, Grumo, La Foppa, Mugiasco, Olcianico, Sornico and Villa. At the end of 2014 the population was 2176 people, in 983 families. Lierna borders the comunes of  Bellagio, Mandello del Lario, Varenna, Limonta (Oliveto Lario), Esino Lario, Mandello del Lario.

## History

The first mention of Lierna dates to 854 AD, but Roman remains, including a mosaic floor now in the Palazzo Belgioioso of Lecco, attest to much earlier settlement. The name of the village may be of Roman or of Celtic origin. Between 1035 and 1202 it was a feud of the Monastery of San Dionigi in Milan. Lierna was contested between Milan and Como, and between the Della Torre and Visconti families. It passed into the hands of the Marchesino Stanga in 1499, and in 1533 to the Sfondrati family of Cremona, who held it until 1788. Lierna became a _comune_ in 1743, when it was separated from that of Mandello.

In 1927 the Milanese sculptor Giannino Castiglioni opened a studio at his house in Lierna. He died in Lierna on 27 August 1971. He left some preparatory plaster casts to the comune; a museum to house them is under construction.

In 1933 an incomplete fossil of  _Lariosaurus balsami_, a nothosaurid from the Middle Triassic (circa 240 million years ago) of which the first example was discovered at Perledo, some 10 km north of Lierna, was found in a quarry in the _frazione_ of Grumo. It is now in the Museo di Storia Naturale in the Palazzo Belgioioso of Lecco.

## Related pages

- Villa Commedia
- The Ancient Roman Mosaic of Lierna on Lake Como
- Torrente Valle Malbore

## Infobox (italian comune)

- **name**: Lierna
- **official name**: Lierna
- **native name**: Lier
- **image caption**: Lierna Lake Como, 1910
- **region**: Lombardy
- **province**: Province of Lecco (LC)
- **area total km2**: 11.3
- **population total**: 2176
- **population as of**: 2014
- **population demonym**: liernesi
- **postal code**: 22050
- **area code**: 0341
Team Fortress Classic

***Team Fortress Classic*** is a team online multiplayer first-person shooter video game made and sold by Valve.

In Team Fortress Classic two teams battle each other, with each team member having access to nine types of character.
Miitopia

**Miitopia** is a role playing video game for the Nintendo 3DS, 2DS and Switch. Players can be one of many class of Mii characters. These include Mage, Princess, Warrior, Flower, Cleric and Vampire. The goal of the game is to defeat the Dark Lord and become the world's greatest hero. To do this, the player must defeat many monsters. They can get new powers whenever they defeat a monster. This is called "Leveling Up". Each class has its own powers. For example, if the character is a Mage, they can get spells such as Fire or Lightning.

## Plot

The game starts with the Hero walking around Greenhorne. Meanwhile, the Dark Lord begun to steal Mii faces. When the hero gets to the town of Greenhorne, the Dark Lord steals the faces of the townspeople. The hero then goes to save the faces of the townspeople. In doing so, the mayor gives the hero some paper that lets them in the casaleZzz...

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Miitopia
- **developer**: Nintendo EPD
- **publisher**: Nintendo
- **platforms**: Nintendo 3DS, Nintendo Switch Nintendo 2DS
- **released**: **Nintendo 3DS****Nintendo Switch**
- **genre**: Role-playing video game, Role-playing
- **director**: Yuichiro Ito
- **producer**: Kouichi Kawamoto
- **programmer**: Takaomi Ueno
- **artist**: Kyohei Seki
- **modes**: Single-player
Allusion

An **allusion** is a figure of speech. It refers to a well-known story, event, person, or object in order to make a comparison in a person's mind.
Marmorera

**Marmorera** (, ) was a municipality of the district Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Mulegns, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged to form the new municipality of Surses.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Marmorera
- **municipality name**: Marmorera
- **municipality type**: former
- **imagepath coa**: Marmorera wappen.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Marmorera.png
- **languages**: German, Romansh
- **canton**: Graubünden
- **iso-code-region**: CH-GR
- **district**: Albula (district), Albula
- **postal code**: 7456
- **municipality code**: 3533
- **area**: 18.99
- **elevation**: 1720
- **population**: 31
- **populationof**: Dec 2014
- **popofyear**: 2014
- **website**: www.marmorera.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bever, Switzerland, Bever, Bivio, Mulegns, Sur, Switzerland, Sur
Kahlil Gibran

**Kahlil Gibran** (6 January 1883 – 10 April 1931) was a writer and poet from Lebanon. He wrote books in both English and Arabic.  His most famous book is _The Prophet_.

## Biography

Gibran was born in Lebanon when it was part of the Ottoman Empire.  His family moved to the United States of America when he was 12 years old and settled in the Boston neighbourhood of South End, at the time the second-largest Syrian and Lebanese ethnic enclave in the USA, and he went to school both in the US and in Lebanon.

He died at the age of 48 in New York City from tuberculosis and cirrhosis of the liver, due to prolonged serious alcoholism.

## Related pages

- List of poets from North America
Anatoliy Solovianenko

**Anatoliy Solovianenko** (September 25, 1932 – July 29, 1999) was a Soviet and Ukrainian tenor. He was a People's Artist of the USSR (1978).

He was born in Donetsk (Stalino at that time) into a mining family. He graduated from Donetsk Polytechnic Institute in 1954. He also studied singing with Alexander Korobeichenko from 1950. He recorded 18 LPs of arias, romances and songs.

Anatoliy Solovyanenko died from a heart attack on 29 July 1999.

## Awards

- 1967 - Honoured Artist of Ukraine
- 1975 - People's Artist of the USSR
- 1980 - Lenin Prize
- 1982 - Miner's Glory Medal, Order of Friendship of Peoples
- 1993 - Badge of Honour from President of Ukraine
- 1997 - Taras Shevchenko National Prize

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Anatoliy Solovianenko
- **honorific suffix**: Hero of Ukraine, HU People's Artist of the USSR, PAU
- **image**: Anatoliy Solovianenko - Soviet Life, October 1984.jpg
- **caption**: Anatoliy Solovianenko, circa 1984
- **native name**:

- **birth place**: Donetsk, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
- **occupation**: Opera singer (tenor)
Privacy

**Privacy** is the ability to choose what information or personal data is hidden and who it's hidden from.

Privacy laws in many countries give the right not to be unfairly subjected to invasions of privacy.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights says that privacy is a human right.

## Importance

Everyone wants to keep things about them private.

Some people want to keep their religion, sexual orientation, and opinions private so that they don't get in trouble with their government, the people they know, or both.

## Internet privacy

Many things on the internet are tracked and sometimes sold by different groups of people.

For example:

- Your internet provider can see the names of the websites you go to (for example: Wikipedia), if the website uses HTTPS. If a website uses HTTP your internet provider can see the exact page you're in (for example: Privacy page on Wikipedia) and things you write in that website (Like your password).  This is why HTTPS is considered by web browsers as safe but HTTP is not.
- Google tracks and stores data created by the Google searches you make, the emails sent from and to Gmail addresses, on all websites you visit that use Google Analytics, and more.
- TikTok collects and shares location data, sees private messages, sells your personal information to others, and more.

The senders of an email can track the time you open an email using pictures that sometimes can't even be seen.
Emmy Noether

**Amalie Emmy Noether** (23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a mathematician from Germany who studied abstract algebra.  She studied mathematics at the University of Erlangen, and then joined the faculty at the University of Göttingen.

Her main area of research changed over time. From 1908 to 1919, she studied algebraic invariants and number fields.  Her work on _Noether's theorem_ has been called "one of the most important mathematical theorems ever proved in guiding the development of modern physics". From 1920 to 1926, she developed the theory of ideals in commutative rings.  From 1927–35, she published works on noncommutative algebras and hypercomplex numbers. In addition to her own publications, Noether was generous with her ideas and is credited with several lines of research published by other mathematicians, even in fields far removed from her main work, such as algebraic topology.

## Further reading

- James, Ioan (2002). Remarkable Mathematicians from Euler to von Neumann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81777-6.
- Teicher, M., ed. (1999). The Heritage of Emmy Noether. Israel Mathematical Conference Proceedings. Bar-Ilan University, American Mathematical Society, Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-851045-1.
- Byers, Nina (2006), "Emmy Noether", in Byers, Nina; Williams, Gary (eds.), Out of the Shadows: Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-82197-1

## Related pages

- Timeline of women in mathematics
- .

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Emmy Noether
- **image**: Noether.jpg
- **caption**: from Agnes Smith College, anonymous artist,  circa 1900 to 1910
- **birth name**: Amalie Emmy Noether
- **birth place**: Erlangen, German Empire
- **death place**: Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States
- **nationality**: German
- **fields**: Mathematics and physics
- **thesis title**: On Complete Systems of Invariants for Ternary Biquadratic Forms
- **thesis year**: 1907
Parenting

**Parenting** is the process of helping a child develop into an adult.

When a child is an infant, parenting involves providing food, comfort and cleaning, and allowing the infant to sleep.  As infants cannot talk, this requires the parents to watch the child closely and to help the child learn language.

As the infant grows, parenting involves guiding and teaching the child.  Parents establish habits such as brushing teeth and teach etiquette to behave in society.

## Related pages

- Parent
Tritiated water

**Tritiated water** is a type of water where the hydrogen atoms are replaced with tritium.  Tritiated water is radioactive.
Ywain the Bastard

**Ywain the Bastard**, also called Ywain the Adventurous, is a son of King Urien of Gore. He is a Knight of the Round Table in later Arthurian legend. He is often mistaken for his half-brother also named Sir Ywain.
Roy Williams (coach)

**Roy Allen Williams** (born August 1, 1950) is an American college basketball coach for the North Carolina Tar Heels.

He started his college coaching career at North Carolina as an assistant coach for Dean Smith in 1978.
In 1988, Williams became the head coach of the men's basketball team at Kansas, taking them to fourteen consecutive NCAA tournaments, collecting a .805 win percentage and winning nine conference titles over his fifteen-year span. In 2003, Williams left Kansas to return to his alma mater North Carolina, replacing Matt Doherty as head coach of the Tar Heels. Since returning to North Carolina, Williams has won three national championships, eight Atlantic Coast Conference conference titles, one AP National Coach of the Year award, and two ACC Coach of the Year awards.

## Early years

Williams was born in Marion, North Carolina, and spent his early years in the small western North Carolina towns of Marion and Spruce Pine. As a child his family relocated to nearby Asheville, where he grew up. In basketball, playing for Coach Buddy Baldwin, he was named all-county and all-conference for two years (1967 and 1968), all-western North Carolina in 1968 and served as captain in the North Carolina Blue-White All-Star Game. Williams has stated that Coach Baldwin was one of the biggest influences in his life. Williams went on to play on the freshman team at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and study the game under coach Dean Smith.

## Early coaching years

Williams' first coaching job was in 1973 as a high school basketball and golf coach at Charles D. Owen High School[8] in Black Mountain, North Carolina. He coached basketball and boys' golf for five years and ninth-grade football for four years, and served as athletic director for two years.
In 1978, Williams came back to the University of North Carolina and served as an assistant to Coach Dean Smith from 1978 to 1988. During his tenure as assistant coach, North Carolina went 275–61 and won the NCAA national championship in 1982, the first for Smith and the second for North Carolina. One of Williams' more notable events came as assistant coach when he became instrumental in recruiting Michael Jordan.

### Kansas

- Nick Collison
- Drew Gooden
- Darrin Hancock
- Kirk Hinrich
- Raef LaFrentz
- Greg Ostertag
- Paul Pierce
- Scot Pollard
- Mark Randall
- Ryan Robertson
- Wayne Simien
- Billy Thomas
- Jacque Vaughn
- Rex Walters

### North Carolina

- Harrison Barnes
- Reggie Bullock
- Ed Davis
- Wayne Ellington
- Raymond Felton
- Danny Green
- P.J. Hairston
- Tyler Hansbrough
- John Henson
- Brice Johnson
- Ty Lawson
- Kendall Marshall
- Sean May
- James Michael McAdoo
- Rashad McCants
- David Noel
- Marcus Paige
- J. P. Tokoto
- Jawad Williams
- Marvin Williams
- Brandan Wright
- Tyler Zeller
- Coby White
- Cameron Johnson
- Nasir Little
- Justin Jackson
- Cole Anthony
- Theo Pinson
- Luke Maye
Amalebra

**Amalebra** (, the name means _from the clay of the river Amal_) is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, 3 miles (5 kilometres) south-west of St Ives at Ordnance Survey . The 2011 census population data was included with the civil parish of Towednack.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **static image**: Amalebra - geograph.org.uk - 912998.jpg
- **static image caption**: Amalebra
- **label position**: top
- **official name**: Amalebra
- **shire county**: Cornwall
- **region**: South West England
- **post town**: Penzance
- **postcode district**: TR20
- **postcode area**: TR
- **os grid reference**: SW 495 365
Antony Passage

**Antony Passage** is a hamlet in south-east Cornwall, England, UK. It is located by the River Lynher (a tributary of the River Tamar) on the opposite bank to Antony village.

## Infobox (uk place)

- **country**: England
- **static image**: Antony Passage.jpg
- **label position**: left
- **official name**: Antony Passage
- **shire county**: Cornwall
- **region**: South West England
- **os grid reference**: SX4157
Tekeda Alemu

**Tekeda Alemu** (born in Addis Ababa, May 5, 1951) is a diplomat to the United Nations. He represents his country, Ethiopia.

## Biography

Tekeda Alemu has served as a diplomat for many years, starting in 1983.

For the month of September 2017, he served as the president of the United Nations Security Council.
Chusquea albilanata

***Chusquea albilanata*** is a species of _Chusquea_ bamboo.

## Distribution

_Bambusa farinaceais_ is only found in Colombia and Ecuador in South America.
Dore (river)

The **Dore** is a river in central France in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, in the Puy-de-Dôme department. It is a right tributary of the Allier river and it is one of the three more important tributaries of the Allier river (with the Sioule and Alagnon rivers).

## Geography

The Dore river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

Its valley is between the _Monts du Forez_, to the east, and the _Monts du Livradois_, to the west.

### Course

The Dore starts in the place known as _Bois de Berny_, in the _commune_ of Saint-Bonnet-le-Bourg, (Puy-de-Dôme department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Dore flows first to the southeast and then to the northwest.

The Dore river flows within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, the Puy-de-Dôme department and 21 _communes_. It flows through the following _communes_, among others: Dore-l’Église, Marsac-en-Livradois, Ambert, Vertolaye, Olliergues, Sauviat, Courpière, Néronde-sur-Dore, Peschadoires, Dorat, Puy-Guillaume.

Finally, it flows into the Allier river in the _commune_ of Ris.

## Main tributaries

The main tributaries of the Dore river are:

**Left tributaries**:
- Dolore - 28.1 km
- Miodet - 30.4

**Right tributaries**:
- Faye - 24.6 km
- Couzon - 22.4 km
- Durolle - 32.1
- Credogne - 27.8

## Hydrology

Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is  at Dorat in the Puy-de-Dôme department, for the period 1991 - 2017.

**<small>Average monthly discharge (m<sup>3</sup>/s) at Dorat (1991 - 2017)</small>**

## Related pages

- List of rivers of France

## Infobox (river)

- **name**: Dore
- **image**: Riviere-dore.jpg
- **image caption**: upstream of Olliergues
- **map**: Dore (rivière).png
- **source1 location**: Massif Central
- **mouth location**: Allier (river), Allier
- **subdivision type1**: Country
- **subdivision name1**: France
Helen DeVos

**Helen June DeVos** (née **Van Wesep**; February 24, 1927 – October 18, 2017) was an American philanthropist and political donor. She was the wife of Richard DeVos, co-founder of Amway beauty and home care products company and owner of the Orlando Magic basketball team. She was the mother-in-law of U.S. Secretary of Education, Betsy DeVos.

DeVos was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She studied at Calvin College. In 1953, she married Richard DeVos. They had three sons, Dick, Dan, and Doug, and a daughter, Cheri DeVos-Vander Weide.

DeVos served on the board of directors of the Grand Rapids Symphony and the St. Cecelia Music Center.

DeVos died at her home in Ada Township, Michigan on October 18, 2017 of complications from a stroke after being diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, aged 90.

## Other websites

- Helen DeVos, biographical website
Jack Bannon

**John James "Jack" Bannon** (June 14, 1940 – October 25, 2017) was an American television actor. He may be best known for his role as Art Donovan on _Lou Grant_, a role he played from 1977–82. In 1963, Bannon appeared in the Season 1 episode "Kate's Recipe For Hot Rhubarb" of _Petticoat Junction_ as Roger. In 1969, Bannon appeared again on _Petticoat Junction_ (after his mother died in 1968) appearing as "Buck". He was born in Los Angeles, California.

Bannon was married to actress Ellen Travolta, a retired actress and elder sister of John Travolta, from 1983 until his death in 2017.

Bannon died on October 25, 2017 at his home in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho at the age of 77.
Bambusa basihirsutoides

***Bambusa basihirsutoides*** is a species of _Bambusa_ bamboo.

## Synonyms

_Bambusa baishirsutoides_ has 1 synonym.

## Distribution

_Bambusa basihirsutoides_ is commonly found in Guangdong province and Zhejiang province of China.

## Description

_Bambusa basihirsutoides_ has 6 anthers growing to 7 mm in length and 2 to 3 stigmas. It is perennial and appears tufted with an underground stem. The lowest part of the stem is erect which allows it to grow up to a height of 700–1200 cm long. This is enabled by a woody stem without nodal roots that grow to 60–90 millimeters in diameter.
Villarrica (volcano)

**Villarrica** is one of Chile's most active volcanoes. It is near Lake Villarrica and Villarrica, Chile.

## Infobox (mountain)

- **name**: Villarrica Volcano
- **photo**: Volcán y lago Villarrica.jpg
- **photo caption**: View of Villarrica Lake and the volcano
- **elevation m**: 2860
- **prominence m**: 1575
- **translation**: Place of Wealth
- **language**: Spanish
Villarrica, Chile

**Villarrica** is a city and commune in southern Chile in the Province of Cautín, Araucanía Region. It is located on the western shore of Villarrica Lake. It is also close to the Villarrica Volcano ski center. Santiago is  to the north.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Villarrica
- **settlement type**: List of cities in Chile, City and Communes of Chile, Commune
- **image skyline**: Proyecto_Villarrica.jpg
- **flag alt**: Flag
- **image shield**: Escudo de Villarrica.svg
- **shield alt**: Coat of arms
- **image map**: comuna de Villarrica.svg
- **map alt**: Map of the Villarrica commune in Araucanía Region
- **map caption**: Map of the Villarrica commune in Araucanía Region
- **pushpin map narrow**: yes
- **pushpin map**: Chile
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Chile
- **coor pinpoint**: city
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Chile
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Chile, Region
- **subdivision name1**: Araucanía Region, Araucanía
- **subdivision type2**: Provinces of Chile, Province
- **subdivision name2**: Cautín Province, Cautín
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 1552
- **established title1**: Founded as
- **established date1**: _Santa María de Magdalena de Villa Rica_
- **government type**: Municipality
- **leader party**: National Renewal (Chile), RN
- **leader title**: Alcalde
- **leader name**: Pablo Astete Mermoud
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total km2**: 1291.1
- **elevation m**: 227
- **population total**: 49184
- **population as of**: 2012 Census
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population blank1 title**: Urban area, Urban
- **population blank1**: 30859
- **population blank2 title**: Rural area, Rural
- **population blank2**: 14672
- **population demonym**: Villarrican
- **demographics type1**: Sex
- **demographics1 title1**: Men
- **demographics1 info1**: 22,694
- **demographics1 title2**: Women
- **demographics1 info2**: 22,837
- **timezone**: Time in Chile, CLT
- **utc offset**: −4
- **timezone dst**: Time in Chile, CLST
- **utc offset dst**: −3
- **postal code type**: postal code
- **postal code**: 493 0000

- **area code**: country + city = 56 + 45
- **footnotes**: postal code precedes City name,
e.g. 493 0000 Villarrica
Pinito del Oro

**María Cristina del Pino Segura Gómez**, known as ***Pinito del Oro***  (6 November 1930 – 25 October 2017), was a Spanish trapeze artist and novelist. She was known for her association with Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus for seven years. She was born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.

Cecil B. DeMille tried to hire Pinito for a movie about the circus, but she rejected it because DeMille did not want her to appear on the credits.

In addition to the circus performances, Pinito del Oro found time to publish some novels: _Born for the Circus_ (_Nacida para el circo_) , _The Eve_ (_La víspera_) and _The Italian_ (_El italiano_). With them, she was a finalist in some literary contests such as the "City of Oviedo" and "Blasco Ibañez".

Pinito del Oro died on 25 October 2017 at her home in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria from stroke-related complications at the age of 86.
Ronald Breslow

**Ronald Charles Drake Breslow** (March 14, 1931 – October 25, 2017) was an American chemist. He was University Professor at Columbia University. He had taught at Columbia since 1956 and was a former chair of the university's chemistry department. He was interested in the design and synthesis of new molecules with interesting properties, and the study of these properties.

He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society.

Breslow died of pancreatic cancer in New York City on October 25, 2017 at the age of 86.

## Other websites

- Official biography
- A Video interview of Professor Breslow on the Eminent Organic Chemists Website

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Ronald Breslow
- **image**: Ronald Breslow HD2006 Othmer Gold Medal portrait.JPG
- **birth place**: Rahway, New Jersey, United States, U.S.
- **birth name**: Ronald Charles Drake Breslow
- **death place**: New York City, New York, United States, U.S.
- **field**: Chemistry
- **work institution**: Columbia University
- **alma mater**: Harvard University
- **doctoral advisor**: Robert Burns Woodward
Stephen Toulouse

**Stephen Toulouse**, also known as **Stepto**, (1972 – October 26, 2017) was the former Director of Xbox LIVE Policy and Enforcement at Microsoft. He represented Microsoft and Xbox Live in many media events, including on Larry Hryb's "Major Nelson Radio" Xbox-related podcast, to discuss security and policy issues.

Before joining the Xbox team at Microsoft, Toulouse was the head of communications for security response with the Microsoft Security Response Center.

Toulouse died on 26 October 2017 at the age of 45.

## Other websites

- Stephen Toulouse's gamer profile
- Stephen Toulouse's Twitter feed
- Major Nelson Radio Podcast website
Punathil Kunjabdulla

**Punathil Kunjabdulla** (1940 – 27 October 2017) was a well-known Indian Malayalam language novelist and poet from Kerala state, South India. He was a medical doctor by profession. Kunjabdulla was a modernist in Malayalam literature. His novel _Smarakasilakal_ (_Memorial Stones_) won the Kendra Sahithya Academy Award (Malayalam) in 1980.

Kunjabdulla died at the age of 75 on 27 October 2017 of bladder cancer.