juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tangerang

**Tangerang** is a city in Banten, Indonesia. It is located 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the sixth largest city in the nation. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an population of 1,797,715 (2010),  increasing to 2,001,925 as at 2014 It is the eighth most populated suburb in the world. The Soekarno-Hatta International Airport which serves Greater Jakarta is in the city. In 2021, 49 people were killed in a prison fire.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Tangerang
- **nickname**: Cimahi
- **settlement type**: City
- **motto**: Bhakti Karya Adhi Kertarahardja
- **image seal**: Lambang Kota Tangerang.png
- **seal size**: 100px
- **map caption**: Location of Cimahi in Indonesia
- **pushpin map**: Indonesia
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision name**: Indonesia
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Indonesia, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Banten
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Arief Rachadiono Wismansyah
- **area total km2**: 164.54
- **population as of**: 2014
- **population note**: Health Ministry Estimate 2014
- **population total**: 2001925
- **population density km2**: auto
- **website**: [http://www.tangerangkota.go.id/ www.tangerangkota.go.id]
Beijing Capital International Airport

**Beijing Capital International Airport**  is the main international airport serving Beijing. It is located in the Chaoyang District.

## Infobox (airport)

- **name**: Beijing Capital International Airport
- **image-width**: 225
- **image2-width**: 250
- **iata**: PEK
- **icao**: ZBAA
- **wmo**: 54511
- **type**: Public
- **operator**: Beijing Capital International Airport Company Limited
- **city-served**: Beijing
- **location**: Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyang–Shunyi District, Shunyi
- **hub**: <div>
* Air China
* China Eastern Airlines
* China Southern Airlines
* Hainan Airlines
</div>
- **focus city**: <div>
* Sichuan Airlines
* Shenzhen Airlines
* Shandong Airlines
</div>
- **elevation-f**: 116
- **image map**: File:ZBAA_Chart.png
- **image map caption**: CAAC Airport Chart
- **pushpin map**: China Beijing#China#Asia#World
- **pushpin label**: **PEK**
- **pushpin label position**: top
- **r1-number**: 18L/36R
- **r1-length-m**: 3,810
- **r1-surface**: Asphalt
- **metric-rwy**: yes
- **stat1-header**: Passengers
- **stat1-data**: 100,983,290
- **stat-year**: 2018
- **footnotes**: Statistics from Airports Council International, China's busiest airports by passenger traffic by CAAC
- **r2-number**: 18R/36L
- **r2-length-m**: 3,445
- **r2-surface**: Asphalt
- **r3-number**: 01/19
- **r3-length-m**: 3,810
- **r3-surface**: Concrete
- **stat2-header**: Aircraft movements
- **stat2-data**: 614,022
- **stat3-header**: Tonnes of cargo
- **stat3-data**: 2,074,005
- **stat4-header**: Economic & social impact
Air China

**Air China Limited** (, colloquially known as 国航/國航, is the flag carrier of the People's Republic of China, based in Shunyi District, Beijing. Air China's flight operations are in Beijing Capital International Airport.

## Fleet

- Airbus A319
- Airbus A320
- Airbus A320neo
- Airbus A321
- Airbus A321neo
- Airbus A330-200
- Airbus A330-300
- Airbus A350-900
- Boeing 737-700
- Boeing 737-800
- Boeing 737 MAX 8
- Boeing 747-400
- Boeing 747-8i
- Boeing 777-300er
- Boeing 787-8
- Boeing 787-9
- Comac C909
- Comac C919

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Air China
- **logo**: B-2479@PEK (20200424155602).jpg
- **logo size**: 250
- **fleet size**: 412
- **destinations**: 201
- **iata**: CA
- **icao**: CCA
- **callsign**: AIR CHINA
- **parent**: China National Aviation Holding, Air China Group (53.46%)
- **founded**: 1988
- **commenced**: 1 July 1988
- **company slogan**: _Land Your Dream_ ()
- **headquarters**: Beijing Tianzhu Airport Industrial Zone
Shunyi District, Beijing, China
- **key people**: <div>
* Cai Jianjiang
* Song Zhiyong
</div>
- **frequent flyer**: PhoenixMiles
- **alliance**: Star Alliance
- **num employees**: 50,000 (April 2016)
Bueninvento

***Bueninvento*** ("Goodinvention") is the second studio album by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas in 2000. The album was nominated for Latin Grammy Award for Best Rock Solo Vocal Album. It was named the 4th best album of the 2000s decade by Latin music website Club Fonograma.

## Track listing

<small>**^** Associate producer</small>

## Singles

- Sería Feliz
- Hoy No Quiero

## Personnel

- Julieta Venegas -  Vocals, keyboards, accordion, piano, guitar (acustic), guitar (electric), drum programming, wurlitzer, composer
- Quique Rangel - Producer, guitar, contrabass
- Emmanuel Del Real - Producer, twelve-string guitar
- Gustavo Santaolalla -  Producer, guitar, ronroco
- Rick Boston - Bass
- Fernando Saunders - Bass
- Ernesto Martinez - Bass
- Joe Gore - Guitar (electric), guitar (acustic), Mandolin electric
- Álvaro Enríquez - Guitar
- Juan Manuel Ledezna - Guitar
- Luis Alberto Ledezna - Drum kit
- Curt Bisquera - Drum kit

- Michito Sánchez - Percussions
- Luis Conte - Percussions
- Javier Casalla - Violin
- Frankie Blue - Programming
- Joey Waronker - Drums kit, electric percussion
- Mitch Mannon - Trumpet
- Kim Bullard - Hammond b-3
- Toy Hernandéz - Programming
- Claudio Tarris - Viola
- Novi Novog - Viola
- Patrick Shavellin - Programming
- Steven Berlin - Midin mix, Tenor saxophone, Flute

### Production

- Producers: Gustavo Santaolalla, Emmanuel Del Real
- Co-producer: Anibal Kerpel
- Engineers: Joe Chiccarelli, Daniel Méndez, Partick Shavelin, Anibal Kerpel, Emmanuel Del Real, Quique Rangel, Luis Roman, Antonio Hernandéz, Carlos Arredondo, Ricardo Haas
- Mixing: Joe Chiccarelli
- Assistant mixing: Patrick Shevelin, Travils Smith, Jordan Scher, eric Geverlik, Edgar Hernandéz "Chicaras", Carlos Arredondo

- Pro tools production: Daniel Méndez
- Mastering: Tom Baker
- Art direction: Adrián Posse
- Photography: Mariana Yazbek, Tomas Casademust, Fernando Velazco
- Photography: Marcela Guadiana

## Awards and nominations

- Latin Grammy
|Year|Title|Result|
| --- | --- | --- |
|rowspan="4"|2000||
|Best Rock Solo Album|style="background:#fbb;"|Nominated|

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Bueninvento
- **type**: studio
- **artist**: Julieta Venegas
- **border**: yes
- **released**: August 21, 2000
- **recorded**: 1999-2000
- **genre**: Rock en español, alternative rock, trip hop
- **length**: 55:09
- **language**: Spanish
- **label**: RCA Records, RCA International
- **producer**: Gustavo Santaolalla, Café Tacvba, Emmanuel del Real Díaz
- **prev title**: Aquí
- **prev year**: 1997
- **next title**: Sí (album), Sí
- **next year**: 2003
Emirates

**Emirates** may refer to:

- United Arab Emirates, a Middle Eastern country
- Emirate, any Islamic territory ruled by an emir
- The Emirates Group, a holding company in the United Arab Emirates
    - Emirates (airline), an airline subsidiary of The Emirates Group
- Emirates Stadium, an association football stadium in London
- Emirates Cup, a football tournament held at Arsenal's Emirates Stadium
- Emirates Stakes, a horserace held as part of the Melbourne Cup Carnival
- Emirates Park Towers Hotel & Spa, a twin-tower complex under construction in Dubai
- Emirates Air Line (cable car), a cable car system over the River Thames in London, UK
- Emirates Foundation, an Abu Dhabi-based foundation (charity) established by Amiri decree
- Emirates Club, an association football club in the city of Ras al-Khaimah
- Emirates Club Stadium, a stadium in Ras al-Khaimah
- Emirates Scout Association, the national Scouting organization of the United Arab Emirates
- Emirates Hills, a gated community in Dubai
- Emirates Crown, a 63-floor residential tower in the Dubai Marina in Dubai
- Emirates Towers, a complex containing the Emirates Office Tower and Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel skyscrapers
    - Emirates Office Tower, a 54-floor office building along Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai
    - Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel, a 56-floor hotel tower along Sheikh Zayed Road in Dubai
- E 311 road, formerly known as "Emirates Road", a road extending between Dubai and Ras al-Khaimah
- Emirates Palace, a luxury hotel in Abu Dhabi
Azerbaijan Airlines

**"Azərbaycan Hava Yolları"** ("Azərbaycan Hava Yolları" QSC), **Azerbaijan Airlines** (**AZAL**, Azeri: Azərbaycan Hava Yolları), is the flag carrier of Azerbaijan, based in Baku. Its main base is Heydar Aliyev International Airport in Baku. It is a joint-stock company (JSC).

## Infobox (airline)

- **airline**: Azerbaijan Airlines
- **logo size**: 200px
- **iata**: J2
- **icao**: AHY
- **callsign**: AZAL
- **founded**: 7 April 1992
- **hubs**: Heydar Aliyev International Airport, Baku-Heydar Aliyev International Airport
- **frequent flyer**: AZAL Miles
- **fleet size**: 31
- **destinations**: 22
- **headquarters**: Baku, Azerbaijan
- **key people**: <div>
* Jahangir Askerov (President)
* Sabir Ilyasov (First vice president, VP)
</div>
- **website**: [http://www.azal.az/en www.azal.az]
Marlon Wayans

**Marlon Lamont Wayans** (born July 23, 1972) is an American actor, producer, comedian, writer, and director. He is known for his roles in _The Wayans Bros._,  _Scary Movie_, _White Chicks_, _Requiem for a Dream_, _Little Man_, and in _A Haunted House_.

Wayans was born in New York City.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Marlon Wayans
- **image**: Marlonwayans.JPG
- **caption**: Wayans at the Wynn Resort and Casino, Las Vegas, 2007
- **birth name**: Marlon Lamont Wayans
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor, producer, comedian, screenwriter, director
- **years active**: 1988–present
- **children**: 2
Andries Putter

Vice Admiral **Andries Petrus Putter** SSAS SD MMM (2 December 1935 - 17 July 2014) was a South African military commander. He served as Chief of the South African Navy twice, first from 1982 to 1985 and again from 1989 to 1990.

He was born in Brits in 1935.

He joined the Navy in 1960 after a career in the Merchant Navy. In 1969 he commanded the SAS _Port Elizabeth_ and became Senior Officer of the Minesweeper Flotilla. In 1982 he was appointed Chief of Naval Staff and in 1985 as the Chief of the Navy. He later served as Chief of Defence Intelligence.

Putter died in Johannesburg, South Africa from kidney failure, aged 78.
Shuba Jay

**Shubashini Jeyaratnam** (15 July 1976 – 17 July 2014), better known her by stage name **Shuba Jay**, was a Malaysian actress. She started acting in 2001. On television, she was best known for her role in shows such as _Spanar Jaya_, _Gadis 3_ and _Sugumana Sumaigal_. While her movie roles were _Relationship Status_ (2012) and _Tokak_ (2013).

Jay was born on 15 July 1976. She was married to Dutchman Paul Goes. They had a daughter, Kaela Maya Jay Goes, who was born in 2012 via a natural birth at home.

Jay and her family were on board the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 when it was shot down on 17 July 2014, killing all people on board. She was 38. The flight was meant to go from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur but was shot down near  Hrabove, Ukraine. She and her daughter were among the 43 Malaysian and her husband was among the 193 Dutch citizens killed.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Shuba Jay
- **birth name**: Shubashini Jeyaratnam
- **death place**: near Hrabove, Donetsk Oblast, Hrabove, Ukraine
- **death cause**: Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, Air crash
- **nationality**: Malaysian
- **occupation**: Actress, businesswoman
- **yearsactive**: 2001–2014
Paul M. Fleiss

**Paul Murray Fleiss**, M.D. (September 8, 1933  – July 19, 2014) was an American pediatrician and author. He was known for his unconventional medical views. He was the father of television personality and former madam Heidi Fleiss. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

Fleiss, who was of Jewish descent, died in Los Angeles, California from respiratory failure, aged 80.
Hans Funck

**Hans Funck** (7 March 1953 – 16 July 2014) was a German movie editor. He started his career in 1996. His best known works were _Das Experiment_ (2001), _Downfall_ (2004) and _Diana_ (2013). He worked with German movie director Oliver Hirschbiegel many times.

Funck died from an asthma attack on 16 July 2014 at his apartment in Munich, Bavaria. He was 61.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Hans Funck
- **death place**: Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- **occupation**: Movie editor
- **yearsactive**: 1996–2014
Yehuda Nir

**Yehuda Nir** (31 March 1930 – 19 July 2014) was an Polish-born American psychiatrist. He was known for surviving the Holocaust. Nir served as a chief of child psychiatry at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1979 to 1986. He was born in Lvov, Poland.

Nir died in Manhattan, New York, aged 84.
Pim de Kuijer

**Pim de Kuijer Wilhelm Leonard** (August 13, 1981 – July 17, 2014) was a Dutch columnist and lobbyist. He worked as a lobbyist for the organization STOP AIDS NOW!.

Kuijer was with dozens of others on their way to an international AIDS conference in Melbourne, when the plane he was on Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over Ukraine was shot down, aged 31.
Vilma Ferrán

**Vilma Ferrán** (30 October 1940 – 14 July 2014) was Argentine movie and television actress. She was known for her roles in _Animalada_ and in _Dormir al sol.2_. She was also known for her television roles in _Son de Fierro_ and in _Casi ángeles_. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Ferrán died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 73.
Roberto Carnaghi

**Roberto Luis Carnaghi Fernández** (born May 13, 1938) is an Argentine actor. He has appeared in 44 movie, about 60 plays, more than 50 television programmes, and nearly 100 advertisements. He is known for his works with Tato Bores, an Argentine comedian.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Roberto Carnaghi
- **image**: Roberto Carnaghi.jpg
- **caption**: Roberto Carnaghi in 2014
- **birth place**: Villa Adelina
- **nationality**: Argentine
- **occupation**: Actor
- **known for**: Work with Tato Bores
Skye McCole Bartusiak

**Skye McCole Bartusiak** (September 28, 1992 – July 19, 2014) was an American actress and model. She is best known for her roles in the movies _The Cider House Rules_ (1999), _The Patriot_ (2000), _Riding in Cars with Boys_ (2001) and _Don't Say a Word_ (2001). She also made many appearances on television shows such as _JAG_, _Frasier_, _Law & Order: Special Victims Unit_, _24_, _George Lopez_, _House_, _Lost_ and _CSI: Crime Scene Investigation_. She was also an executive producer and director of short movies.

Bartusiak was born in Houston, Texas. Her older brother, Stephen Dylan Bartusiak, was also an actor.

Bartusiak was found dead on July 19, 2014 at her home in Houston. She was 21. Bartusiak had been suffering from epileptic seizures in the last days of her life, according to her mother.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Skye McCole Bartusiak
- **birth place**: Houston, Texas, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Houston, Texas, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress, model
- **yearsactive**: 1999–2012
- **othername**: Skye Bartusiak
Aldo Vannucchi

**Aldo Vannucchi** (born 24 September 1928) is an educator from Sorocaba, Brazil. He is a former rector of the University of Sorocaba UNISO. He is Master of Science in theology and Philosophy, with several specialized courses at universities in Rome, Geneva and Louvain in Belgium. Vanucchi was also chosen by the minister of Education to form the National Council of Education in Brazil.

## Other websites

- Interview with Aldo Vannuchi (in portuguese)
Andreas Biermann

**Andreas Biermann**  (13 September 1980 – 18 July 2014) was a German footballer. He played as a defender. He played from 1999 until his death in 2014. The last team he played for was FSV Spandauer Kickers.

Biermann was born in West Berlin. He was married and had two children.

Biermann killed himself on 18 July 2014 in Berlin, aged 33. He had depression for many years. He was known to have tried to kill himself three times.

## Other websites

- Andreas Biermann at Transfermarkt

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Andreas Biermann
- **fullname**: Andreas Biermann
- **image**: File:2011-10-AndreasBiermann.jpg
- **caption**: Andreas Biermann in October 2011
- **birth place**: West Berlin, West Germany
- **death place**: Berlin, Germany
- **height**: 1.86 m
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthyears1**: –1997
- **youthclubs1**: SC Schwarz-Weiß Spandau
- **youthyears2**: 1997–1998
- **youthclubs2**: Hertha BSC Berlin
- **years1**: 1999–2000
- **caps1**: 35
- **goals1**: 2
- **clubs1**: Hertha BSC Berlin II
- **years2**: 2000–2001
- **caps2**: 18
- **goals2**: 1
- **clubs2**: RSV Göttingen 05, 1. SC Göttingen 05
- **years3**: 2002–2004
- **caps3**: 39
- **goals3**: 1
- **clubs3**: Chemnitzer FC
- **years4**: 2005–2006
- **caps4**: 45
- **goals4**: 8
- **clubs4**: MSV Neuruppin
- **years5**: 2006–2007
- **caps5**: 29
- **goals5**: 2
- **clubs5**: 1. FC Union Berlin, Union Berlin
- **years6**: 2007
- **caps6**: 7
- **goals6**: 1
- **clubs6**: Tennis Borussia Berlin
- **years7**: 2008–2010
- **caps7**: 23
- **goals7**: 0
- **clubs7**: FC St. Pauli II
- **years8**: 2008–2010
- **caps8**: 10
- **goals8**: 0
- **clubs8**: FC St. Pauli
- **years9**: 2012–2013
- **clubs9**: FC Spandau 06
- **years10**: 2013–2014
- **clubs10**: FSV Spandauer Kickers
Leave a Mark

***Leave a Mark*** is the fifth studio album by American country music artist John Michael Montgomery. The album was released on May 5, 1998.

## Performance

|Chart (1998)|Highest position||
| --- | --- | --- |
|U.S. _Billboard_ Top Country Albums|align="center"|15|
|U.S. _Billboard_ 200|align="center"|95|
|Canadian _RPM_ Country Albums|align="center"|26|
Wavefunction collapse

When a scientific experiment is done properly, it will give a measurable result.  At each moment, the system (experiment) will be in one of several possible states. At the end, the experiment will be in a final state. At each point in time, the state of the system can be  measured.

Experiments done in quantum mechanics work the same way. The difference to classical mechanics is that at each point in time, several states are superposed (overlapping) to describe the state the experiment is in. These states are called eigenstates. In the same way as with classical mechanics, if a measurement is done, there is a single result. This result is the eigenvalue of one of the eigenstates. This means that measurement will reduce the several possible states to a single state by adding them together. After the measurement, the system will be in the state that was measured. In the Copenhagen interpretation, this reduction is known as **wavefunction collapse**.  Collapse is one of two processes by which quantum systems evolve in time. The other is continuous evolution via the Schrödinger equation.

Werner Heisenberg was among the first to explain this situation, in a paper published in 1927. This result is controversial. Erwin Schrödinger used the thought experiment Schrödinger's cat to show this controversy.
Gulf of Naples

The **Gulf of Naples** (Italian: _Golfo di Napoli_) is on the south-western coast of Italy. Also called the **Bay of Naples**, it is a c. gulf in the  province of Naples, Campania region.

The bay opens to the west into the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered on the north by Naples, Pozzuoli and the Phlegraean Fields, on the east by Mount Vesuvius, and on the south by Sorrento and the Sorrentine Peninsula. The Peninsula separates the Gulf of Naples from the Gulf of Salerno, which includes the Amalfi coast.

The islands of Capri, Ischia and Procida are in the Gulf of Naples. The area is a tourist destination, with the seaside Roman ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum at the foot of Mount Vesuvius. These towns were covered with volcanic ash in the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius.

Fin whales can sometimes be seen in Gulf of Pozzuoli.
Null vector

A **null vector** is a special vector, which is the identity element for the addition of vectors, in a given vector space. As an example, the null vector of n-dimensional coordinate space is a vector whose components are all 0. It is often denoted by the symbol  (which distinguishes it from the number ).

Null vectors are used to define key concepts of linear algebra, such as linear independence, basis and kernel. They are used to solve linear equations as well.

## Related pages

- Zero
The Maritimes

**The Maritimes**, or the **Maritime Provinces**, is a region of Eastern Canada with three provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. They, along with Newfoundland and Labrador, form Atlantic Canada.

Some people have proposed merging all three provinces into a single province, called the Maritime Union.

England, Scotland, and France settled the area in the 17th century. After the 18th-century French and Indian War, the British ruled the entire area.

The Charlottetown Conference was held in 1864 in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. It had the various colonies of British North America decide to join and form the Canadian Confederation.
Qikiqtaaluk Region

**Qikiqtaaluk Region** or **Baffin Region** is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. Qikiqtaaluk is the traditional Inuktitut name for Baffin Island. While "Qikiqtaaluk Region" is the official name, some public organizations like Statistics Canada and Nunavut Tourism prefer to use "Baffin Region". The region covers the northeastearn and eastern parts of Nunavut.

The region consists of Baffin Island, the Belcher Islands, Akimiski Island, Mansel Island, Prince Charles Island, Bylot Island, Devon Island, Cornwallis Island, Bathurst Island, Amund Ringnes Island, Ellef Ringnes Island, Axel Heiberg Island, Ellesmere Island, the Melville Peninsula, the eastern part of Melville Island, and the northern parts of Prince of Wales Island, and Somerset Island, along with some smaller islands.

The regional seat and largest city is Iqaluit. According to the Canada 2021 Census, 19,355 people lived in the region.

National parks in the region include Auyuittuq National Park, Sirmilik National Park, and Bowman Bay Wildlife Sanctuary.

## Related pages

- Ellesmere Island Volcanics
Ellesmere Island Volcanics

The **Ellesmere Island Volcanics** is a  group of extinct volcanoe<nowiki/>s and lava flows on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. It formed during the Cretaceous Period. This province is the northernmost volcanoism on Earth.

it is part of the Arctic Cordillera.
Elizabeth, New Jersey

**Elizabeth** is a city in Union County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a total population of 137,298. It is New Jersey's fourth largest city. In 2008, Elizabeth was named one of "America's 50 Greenest Cities" by _Popular Science_ magazine, the only city in New Jersey selected. The Elizabeth River runs into Newark Bay in Elizabeth.

## History

Elizabeth was founded in 1665 by English settlers and originally called "**Elizabethtown**". It was part of the Elizabethtown Tract. The town was named for Elizabeth, wife of governor George Carteret.  The town served as the first capital of New Jersey.  During the American Revolutionary War, there were over a hundred battles and skirmishes fought in and around Elizabeth.

On March 13, 1855, the City of Elizabeth was created by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature. On March 19, 1857, the city became part of the newly created Union County. Portions of the city were taken to form Linden Township on March 4, 1861.

The Singer Sewing Machine Company was the first major industry in Elizabeth.  They had up to 2,000 workers.  In 1895, one of the first car companies opened.  This was the Electric Carriage and Wagon Company.  They were soon joined by another electric car builder, Andrew L. Riker.  The Electric Boat Company got its start building submarines for the United States Navy in Elizabeth.  The first boat to launch was the USS _Holland_ (SS-1) in 1897.  Elizabeth grew in parallel to the larger city of Newark for many years.  But Elizabeth has been more successful in retaining a middle class presence and was spared riots in the 1960s.
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

The **Battle of Spotsylvania Court House** was part of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War.  It was fought from May 8 to May 21, 1864. After the Battle of the Wilderness, Union commander Ulysses S. Grant decided to march south to get between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. As part of the Union plans, they had to capture the important crossroads of Spotsylvania Court House. But Confederate cavalry arrived there first, followed by Confederate infantry.

Part of the Confederate line bulged outward; this part was soon called the "Mule Shoe". On May 12, Grant attacked the Mule Shoe with several thousand men. The Union attack captured part of the Confederate line but Confederate commander Robert E. Lee sent reinforcements to counterattack. The fighting lasted all day at the Mule Shoe. By the end of the day, an oak tree almost two feet wide was completely severed by all the rifle fire.

The battle continued until May 21st. Grant then decided that he could not defeat Lee at Spotsylvania, so he ordered the Union army to move southward.
Stonewall Brigade

The **Stonewall Brigade** was an infantry brigade in the Confederate army during the American Civil War. It got its name from Thomas J. Jackson, the first commander of the brigade. At the First Battle of Bull Run, Jackson got the nickname of "Stonewall". The brigade became one of the most famous brigades of the Civil War.

The brigade had five regiments: 2nd Virginia Infantry, 4th Virginia Infantry, 5th Virginia Infantry, 27th Virginia Infantry, and 33rd Virginia Infantry. All five regiments were orgainized in 1861. It fought in many battles of the war. At the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, most of the brigade was killed, wounded, or captured. The brigade was then consolidated into a single small regiment. When the Army of Northern Virginia surrendered at Appomattox Court House in 1865, the brigade had only 200 soldiers left.
NGC 2207 and IC 2163

**NGC 2207** and **IC 2163** are a pair of colliding spiral galaxies about 80 million light-years away in the constellation Canis Major. Both galaxies were discovered by John Herschel in 1835.

So far four supernovae have been observed in NGC 2207.

NGC 2207 is in the process of stripping IC 2163 of stars and material.

## Merging galaxies

NGC 2207 is in the process of colliding and merging with IC 2163. But unlike the Antennae or the Mice galaxies, they are still two separate spiral galaxies. They are only in the first step of colliding and merging. Soon they will collide, probably looking a bit more like the Mice Galaxies. In about a billion years time they are expected to merge and become an elliptical galaxy.
Battle of Yellow Tavern

The **Battle of Yellow Tavern** was part of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War. It was fought on May 11, 1864 in Henrico County, Virginia. Major General Philip Sheridan, who commanded the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, wanted to launch a raid behind the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. He thought he could keep supplies from reaching the Confederates and defeat the Confederate cavalry, commanded by Major General J.E.B. Stuart.

## Battle

Sheridan started his raid on May 9. Stuart started after him right away. On May 11, they fought on May 11 at Yellow Tavern, six miles north of Richmond. The Confederates defeated several Union attacks. But in the afternoon, General George A. Custer's Michigan Brigade broke through the Confederate center. Near the end of the battle Stuart was mortally wounded by one of Custer's men and died the next day. The Confederates then retreated from the battlefield. The battle, except for Stuart's death, was not of much note.  There were a total of about 800 casualties.
Baron Waqa

**Baron Waqa** (born December 31, 1959) is a politician from Nauru. On 11 July 2013, he became president of Nauru.
Cabinet of Canada

The **Cabinet of Canada** is a group of government ministers which forms part of the government of Canada inside the Executive branch. The members of the cabinet are often members of the Canadian parliament, usually the House of Commons. The ministers are usually the head of a department or agency.
Senate of Canada

The **Senate of Canada** is the upper house of the Parliament of Canada. There are 105 members of the Canadian senate. They are appointed by the Governor General of Canada with the advise of the Prime Minister of Canada.

The number of senators from the different parts of Canada varies. Four regions have 24 senators each.

## Infobox (legislature)

- **background color**: #FF69B4
- **name**: Senate of Canada
- **native name**: <small></small>
- **legislature**: 43rd Canadian Parliament, 43rd Parliament
- **body**: Parliament of Canada
- **leader1 type**: Speaker of the Senate of Canada, Speaker
- **leader1**: George Furey
- **party1**: Independent politician#Canada, non-affiliated
- **election1**: December 3, 2015
- **leader2 type**: Speaker Pro Tempore of the Canadian Senate, Speaker Pro Tempore
- **leader2**: Pierrette Ringuette
- **election2**: May 1, 2020
- **leader3 type**: Representative of the Government in the Senate, Representative of the Government
- **leader3**: Marc Gold
- **election3**: January 24, 2020
- **leader4 type**: Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Canada), Senate Opposition Leader
- **leader4**: Don Plett
- **party4**: Conservative Party of Canada, Conservative
- **election4**: November 5, 2019
- **leader5 type**: Facilitator of the Independent Senators Group, ISG
- **leader5**: Yuen Pau Woo
- **election5**: September 25, 2017
- **leader6 type**: Leader of the Canadian Senators Group, CSG (interim)
- **leader6**: Scott Tannas
- **election6**: November 4, 2019
- **leader7 type**: Leader of the Progressive Senate Group, PSG
- **leader7**: Jane Cordy
- **election7**: December 12, 2019
- **members**: 105
- **structure1**: Senate of Canada - Seating Plan (43rd Parliament).svg
- **structure1 res**: 300px
- **structure1 alt**: Current Structure of the Senate
- **voting system1**: Appointment by the Governor General of Canada, Governor General on Advice (constitutional), advice of the Prime Minister of Canada, Prime Minister
- **session room**: Government Conference Centre Ottawa.jpg
- **house type**: Upper House
- **session res**: 280px
- **session alt**: The Senate of Canada sits in the Senate of Canada Building in Ottawa
- **meeting place**: Senate Chamber
Senate of Canada Building
2 Rideau Street
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada
Stay (Rihanna song)

"**Stay**" is a song by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. It is from her seventh studio album, _Unapologetic_ (2012). American songwriter Mikky Ekko sings on the song. "Stay" is a midtempo ballad. In the lyrics, a woman asks her lover to remain with her, despite her feelings about him.  The song's instruments consist mainly of a piano and cymbal crashes.

The song reached number three on the US _Billboard_ Hot 100 chart.  It reached the top five in the United Kingdom and also was number one on the charts in Canada.  On June 30, 2015, the song was certified six-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling over six million downloads in the United States alone.  "Stay" was the thirteenth-most successful song of 2013 in the United States, according to _Billboard_.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Stay
- **artist**: Rihanna featuring Mikky Ekko
- **album**: Unapologetic
- **released**: January 7, 2013
- **length**: 4:00
- **chronology**: Rihanna singles
- **prev title**: Diamonds (Rihanna song), Diamonds
- **prev year**: 2012
- **next title**: Pour It Up
- **next year**: 2013
Elektra Records

**Elektra Records** (**Elektra Entertainment Group Inc.**) is an American major record label. It is owned by Warner Music Group. Elektra Records was founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt in Holzman's St. John's College dorm room. It was combined with WMG's Atlantic Records Group in 2004. After 5 years of being inactive, Atlantic Records Group announced that they were reviving the Elektra as an independent entity within Warner Music on June 1, 2009.

In September 1994, Elektra Records was sued by heavy metal band Metallica so that they could terminate their contract with the label and gain ownership of their master recordings. In January, Metallica and Elektra announced that they settled their suit, and even though a non-disclosure agreement had kept the terms secret, media sources claimed that "a significant increase in royalty payments to the band as well as a renegotiation of the group's recording contract were key factors in Metallica and Elektra coming to terms."

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (record label)

- **name**: Elektra Records
- **founded**: 1950
- **founder**: Jac Holzman
Paul Rickolt
- **status**: Active
- **distributor**: Atlantic Records Group
(United States, US)
Warner Music Group, WEA
(Outside of the US)
Rhino Entertainment, Rhino Records (re-issues)
- **genre**: Various
- **country**: United States
Martin Heinrich

**Martin Trevor Heinrich** (born October 17, 1971) is an American politician. He is the senior United States Senator for New Mexico. He was in office since 2013. From 2009 to 2013 Heinrich was the U.S. Representative for . He is a member of the Democratic Party.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Martin Heinrich
- **image**: Heinrich Official Headshot 2019.jpg
- **jr/sr**:  
- **state**: New Mexico
- **term start**: January 3, 2013
- **alongside**: Ben Ray Lujan
- **predecessor**: Jeff Bingaman
- **state1**: New Mexico
- **term start1**: January 3, 2009
- **term end1**: January 3, 2013
- **predecessor1**: Heather Wilson
- **successor1**: Michelle Lujan Grisham
- **birth name**: Martin Trevor Heinrich
- **birth place**: Fallon, Nevada, Fallon, Nevada, United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Julie Heinrich
- **children**: 2
- **residence**: Albuquerque, New Mexico
- **alma mater**: University of Missouri, University of Missouri, Columbia
University of New Mexico, University of New Mexico,
Albuquerque
- **website**: [http://www.martinheinrich.com/ Campaign website]
[http://www.heinrich.senate.gov/ U.S. Senate website]
Tom Udall

**Thomas Stewart "Tom" Udall** (born May 18, 1948) is an American politician. Udall is the United States Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa since 2021. He was the United States Senator from New Mexico from 2009 to 2021 and a member of the Democratic Party. First elected to the Senate in 2008, he represented  as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1999 to 2009. He was the Attorney General of New Mexico from 1991 to 1999.

On March 25, 2019, Udall announced that he would not run for re-election in 2020.

On July 16, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Udall to serve as United States Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa. Udall was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on October 26, 2021.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Tom Udall
- **image**: Thomas Stewart Udall, Ambassador to New Zealand.jpg
- **office**: 20th List of ambassadors of the United States to New Zealand, United States Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa
- **president**: Joe Biden
- **term start**: December 2, 2021
- **predecessor**: Scott Brown (politician), Scott Brown
- **jr/sr2**: United States Senator
- **state2**: New Mexico
- **term start2**: January 3, 2009
- **term end2**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor2**: Pete Domenici
- **successor2**: Ben Ray Luján
- **office3**: Vice Chair of the United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, Senate Indian Affairs Committee
- **term start3**: January 3, 2017
- **term end3**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor3**: Jon Tester
- **successor3**: Lisa Murkowski
- **state4**: New Mexico
- **term start4**: January 3, 1999
- **term end4**: January 3, 2009
- **predecessor4**: William T. Redmond
- **successor4**: Ben Ray Luján
- **office5**: 28th Attorney General of New Mexico
- **governor5**: Bruce King
Gary Johnson
- **term start5**: January 1, 1991
- **term end5**: January 1, 1999
- **predecessor5**: Hal Stratton
- **successor5**: Patricia A. Madrid
- **birth name**: Thomas Stewart Udall
- **birth place**: Tucson, Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **spouse**: Jill Cooper
- **children**: 1
- **education**: Prescott College (Bachelor of Arts, BA)
Downing College, Cambridge (Bachelor of Laws, LLB)
University of New Mexico (Juris Doctor, JD)
- **signature**: Tom Udall signature.png
Carlos Balá

**Carlos Balá** (born **Carlos Salim Balaá** on August 13, 1925 in Buenos Aires – September 22, 2022) was an Argentine actor. He was known for his roles in _Canuto Cañete, conscripto del 7_ (1963), _Las locuras del professor_ (1979) and _Un loco en acción_ (1983).

## Other websites

- Carlitos Balá at Montevideo.com.uy

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: Carlitos-bala.png
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **name**: Carlos Balá
- **birth name**: Carlos Salim Balaa
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires
- **death place**: Buenos Aires
Alberto Olmedo

**Alberto Olmedo** (Barrio Pichincha, Rosario, Santa Fe Province, August 24, 1933 – March 5, 1988) was an Argentine comedian and actor.  Popularly regarded as one of the most important comedian in the history of the show of his country, for his outstanding work in television, cinema and theater.

## Early life

Olmedo was born in the city of Rosario. In his teens, he was a gymnast and an aspiring actor. He tried his luck with several amateur theater companies and enjoyed some local success.

## Career

Olmedo moved to Buenos Aires in 1954. One year later, while working as a technician in Canal 7, Argentina's first television station, his improvisation skills caught the attention of the management, who gave him acting jobs in several TV shows.

Even though Olmedo had a string of successful children's programs during the 1960s, the peak of his abilities would arrive when given the opportunity to mix slapstick, nonsense, and adult-oriented entertainment.

## Personal life

Olmedo married and divorced twice, and had six children (including Alberto Jr.).

## Death

Olmedo died in the vacation town of Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires Province, on March 5, 1988. According to police reports, he slipped off his eleventh-floor apartment's balcony. It is believed that he tried, possibly under the influence of alcohol or cocaine, to perform a high-wire stunt on the balcony and lost his balance.

He is buried in La Chacarita Cemetery, Buenos Aires.

## Other websites

- "Official" home page  (in Spanish)
- Olmedo Bio  (in Spanish)
- An exposition of Olmedo-related art

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alberto Olmedo
- **image**: AlbertoOlmedo.jpg
- **birth place**: Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
- **death place**: Mar del Plata, Argentina
- **homepage**: http://www.olmedo.com.ar/
Jorge Porcel

**Jorge Raúl Porcel de Peralta** (; September 7, 1936 – May 16, 2006) was an Argentine comedian, actor and television host. He was nicknamed _El Gordo de América_ (_America's Fat Guy_). Porcel is considered, along with Alberto Olmedo, one of Argentina's greatest comic actors of the twentieth century.

## Other websites

- Obituary  at Canada.com

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jorge Porcel
- **image**: Jorge porcel.JPG
- **birth place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death place**: Miami, Florida, United States, U.S.
- **birth name**: Jorge Raúl Porcel de Peralta
José Marrone

**José Carlos Marrone** (October 25, 1915 in Buenos Aires – June 27, 1990 in Buenos Aires) was an Argentine actor and comedian.

## Early life

Marrone was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

## Career

His career began when he performed as a vaudeville in theaters and the radio. He hosted several children-oriented TV shows, such as "El Circo de Marrone"  (Marrone's Circus), playing the clown character _Pepitito_. His recurring catchphrase was
_Cheee!_.

## Personal life

He married twice and had a daughter, "Coqui", with his first wife, Rosa. Still married, Marrone fell in love with Juanita Martínez, but they waited to get together until Rosa died.

## Death

Marrone died in Buenos Aires, Argentina from a heart attack, aged 74.

In 2001, a decade after Marrone's death, Juanita committed suicide, and her body was found with a picture of Marrone in her hands.
Kadhal Dhandapani

**Kadhal Dhandapani** (c. 1943 – 20 July 2014) was an Indian movie actor, He appears in Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam movie. He was known for his role in Balaji Sakthivel's _Kaadhal_ (2004).

Dhandapani died on 20 July 2014 following a cardiac arrest, aged 71.

## Death

Dhandapani suffered a cardiac arrest and died on 20 July 2014 at the age of 71.He is survived by his 3 Sons (Vimaladhithan, Lenin, Kumar), 1 Daughter (Rajeswari) & 8 Grandchildren (Prakash, Dhilip, Balaji, Raagavi, Priya, Yashmitha, Novidha, Rithika).His wife Aruna died on March 29, 2011.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dhandapani
- **birth date**: c. 1943
- **birth place**: Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
- **occupation**: Film actor
- **years active**: 2004 -2014
- **death date**: 20 July 2014 (aged 71)
- **death place**: New Delhi, India
Dev Anand

**Dharam Devdutt Pishorimal Anand** (26 September 1923 – 3 December 2011), better known as **Dev Anand**, was an Indian movie actor, screenwriter, director and producer. He is known for his work in Hindi cinema. Anand was known for his roles in _C.I.D._, _Nau Do Gyarah_, _Guide_, and in the _Jewel Thief_.

Anand died in his hotel room in London at the age of 88 on 3 December 2011 from cardiac arrest.

## Other websites

- Official website
- RIP Dev Anand – Bollywood Mourns Dev Anand’s Death
- List of Dev Anand songs
- The Telegraph – Dev Anand Bio and Obituary

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Dev Anand
- **image**: Dev_Anand_still1.jpg
- **caption**: Felicitation of Dev Anand by the Indo-American Society
- **birth name**: Dharam Devdutt Pishorimal Anand
- **birth place**: Shakargarh Tehsil, Shakargarh, Punjab Province (British India), Punjab, British India, now in Punjab, Pakistan
- **death place**: London, England
- **nationality**: Indian
- **spouse**: Kalpana Kartik (1954–2011 his death)
- **children**: Suneil Anand
Devina Anand
- **years active**: 1946–2011
- **occupation**: Actor, producer, director,  co-founder Navketan Films (1949)
- **other names**: Dev Sahaab
Victor G. Atiyeh

**Victor George "Vic" Atiyeh** (February 20, 1923 – July 20, 2014) was an American politician. He was the 32nd Governor of Oregon from 1979 until 1987. He was a member of the Republican Party. He was the first elected governor of Arab descent in the United States. He was re-elected against future governor Ted Kulongoski with 61.6 percent of the vote in 1982, the biggest margin in 32 years.

Atiyeh was born in Portland, Oregon. His father was a Syrian immigrant. He was married and had two children.

Atiyeh died from renal failure caused by a fall on July 20, 2014 in Beaverton, Oregon. He was 91.

## Other websites

- Records of Governor Victor G. Atiyeh's Administration in Oregon Governor's Records Guide (January 8, 1979 – January 12, 1987) from the Oregon State Archives
- Biography on Oregon Historical Society website
- Victor Atiyeh Collection  of personal papers, Pacific University

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Victor G. Atiyeh
- **image**: Victor G. Atiyeh 2012.jpg
- **caption**: Atiyeh in May 2012.
- **order**: 32nd
- **office**: Governor of Oregon
- **term start**: January 8, 1979
- **term end**: January 12, 1987
- **predecessor**: Robert W. Straub, Robert Straub
- **successor**: Neil Goldschmidt
- **birth name**: Victor George Atiyeh
- **birth place**: Portland, Oregon, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Beaverton, Oregon, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican Party
- **alma mater**: University of Oregon
The Runaways (movie)

***The Runaways*** is a 2010 biographical movie. Dakota Fanning plays Cherie Currie. Kristen Stewart plays the singer Joan Jett. This movie is about the 1970s all-girl rock group called The Runaways. It begins around 1975.

_The Runaways_ got mostly positive review by critics. It was released on March 19, 2010.
Clouds of Sils Maria

***Clouds of Sils Maria*** is a 2014 drama movie. Kristen Stewart plays Valentine. Juliette Binoche plays Maria. Chloë Grace Moretz plays Jo-Ann Ellis.

The movie was first shown at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2014. It will be released in the United States in December 2014.
Álex Angulo

**Alejandro "Álex" Angulo León** (12 April 1953 – 20 July 2014) was a Spanish actor. He was born in Erandio. He performed in over sixty movies during his career. He was an actor for more than 30 years. He was known for his role as Doctor Ferreiro in _Pan's Labyrinth_.

He died in Fuenmayor at the age of 61 when the vehicle in which he was travelling veered from the road.
Lluís Homar

**Lluís Homar i Toboso** (born April 20, 1957) is a Spanish actor and theater director from Barcelona. He is known for his roles in _Bad Education_ (2004) and _Broken Embraces_ (2009).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Lluís Homar
- **image**: Lluís Homar, XII Premis Gaudí (2020).jpg
- **image size**: 190px
- **caption**: Lluís Homar at the Gaudí Awards (2020)
- **birthname**: Lluís Homar i Toboso
- **birth place**: Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
- **occupation**: actor
- **yearsactive**: 1974–present
Federico Luppi

**Federico Luppi** (; February 23, 1936, in Ramallo, Buenos Aires Province – October 20, 2017 in Buenos Aires) was an Argentine-Spanish movie, television, radio and theatre actor. He is known for his roles in _Men with Guns_, _Cronos_, _The Devil's Backbone_, _Pan's Labyrinth_, and _Los pasos perdidos_.

## Other websites

- Federico Luppi  at Allmovie
- Federico Luppi – Interview to Diagonal

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Federico Luppi
- **image**: Federico Luppi 2014.jpg
- **birth place**: Ramallo Partido, Ramallo,
Buenos Aires Province,
Argentina
- **death place**: Buenos Aires, Argentina
- **death cause**: Complications from a cerebral hemorrhage
- **occupation**: Actor
- **spouse**: Susana Hornos (2003–2017)
Resultant force

A **resultant force**, also called a **net force**, is a force equal to the sum of all forces applied to an object.

If 30N and 60N are applied to the right, then the resultant force is 90N to the right. If 40N is applied to the left and 30N applied to the right, the resultant force is 10N to the left as the force is bigger or heavier on the left. Note that "N" is an abbreviation of "Newton", which is a unit of force.
Annabelle (movie)

***Annabelle*** is a 2014 American supernatural horror movie. It was directed by John R. Leonetti and written by Gary Dauberman. It is a prequel of _The Conjuring_. It is set in 1967 in Santa Monica, California. It stars Annabelle Wallis, Ward Horton, Tony Amendola, and Alfre Woodard. The movie was released worldwide on October 3, 2014.
Ingvar Kamprad

**Feodor Ingvar Kamprad** (; 30 March 1926 – 27 January 2018) was a Swedish business magnate. He was the founder of IKEA, a Swedish retail company specialising in furniture.

Kamprad died on 27 January 2018 in Småland, Sweden of pneumonia at the age of 91.

## Other websites

- Kamprad topic page at Bloomberg.com
- Ingvar Kamprad: IKEA Founder and One of the World's Richest People  (About.com Entrepreneurs)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ingvar Kamprad
- **image**: Ingvar Kamprad Haparanda June 2010.jpg
- **caption**: Ingvar Kamprad in Haparanda, Sweden 2010.
- **birth place**: Älmhult Municipality, Älmhult, Sweden
- **death place**: Småland, Sweden
- **occupation**: Founder of IKEA
- **spouse**: Margaretha (deceased)
- **children**: Peter, Jonas, Matthias, Annika Kihlbom
Flushing, Michigan

**Flushing** is a city in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 8,411 at the 2020 census. Flushing is considered a suburb of Flint.
Mice galaxies

The **Mice galaxies** (**NGC 4676**) are two spiral galaxies in the constellation Coma Berenices. About 290 million light-years away, we see them as they began to collide and merge. Their name refers to the long tails produced by tidal action, which is the relative difference between gravitational pulls on the near and far parts of each galaxy. They are members of the Coma cluster, so the galaxies may have collided before, and will continue colliding until they merge.

The galaxies were photographed in 2002 by the Hubble Space Telescope.