Khartoum

**Khartoum** or **Khartum** ( ; ) is the capital city of Sudan. It is also Sudan's largest city. It is where the Blue Nile and main Nile come together. Its name means "elephant tusk". Two other cities nearby are Omdurman and Khartoum North.

Khartoum has a hot desert climate (_BWh_ in the Koeppen climate classification).

## Climate

Khartoum has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification _BWh_). It is very dry in the winter. This is normal in the Saharo-Sahelian zone. The climate is very dry for most of the year. In eight months of the year, the average rainfall is less than  of rain.

In August, there is a little bit of rain. The most amount of rainfall in this month is about . The rainy season is usually windy. The average amount of rainfall is very low. There is only  of precipitation on average in a year. The highest temperatures usually are during two main parts of the year. The first is in the late dry season when the temperatures are usually above  from April to June. The second is in the early dry season. Here, the average highs are above  in September and October. Temperatures are usually colder in the night. The lowest average low temperature in the year in January is just above . Khartoum is one of the hottest major cities on Earth. It has an annual mean temperature of . In most months, the monthly average temperatures doesn't get below . This is usually not seen in any other majors cities with hot desert climates like Riyadh, Baghdad and Phoenix.

## Demographics

|rowspan="2"|Year|colspan="2"|Population||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1907|style="text-align:right;"|69,349|style="text-align:right;"|n.a.|
|1956|style="text-align:right;"|93,100|style="text-align:right;"|245,800|
|1973|style="text-align:right;"|333,906|style="text-align:right;"|748,300|
|1983|style="text-align:right;"|476,218|style="text-align:right;"|1,340,646|
|1993|style="text-align:right;"|947,483|style="text-align:right;"|2,919,773|
|2008 Census Preliminary|style="text-align:right;"|3,639,598|style="text-align:right;"|5,274,321|

Almost 250,000 Syrians lived in Khartoum in 2019, representing 5% of all of the people in the city. Most of the population are young men who have fled war in Syria. Sudan was the only country in the world to accept travelers that has a Syrian passport but didn't have a visa.

## List of Governors Khartoum

c.1837                    * Khartoum a province of Egyptian Sudan.

Governors
c.1837 - 1861              ....
- 1861 - 1863                Muhammad Rasikh Bey              (b. c.1834 - d. 1883)
- 1863 - 1877                ....
1877                       Mustafa Bey Murad
- 1877                       Muhammad Ma'ani Bey        Governors      (d. 1881)
- 1877 - 1878                `Uthman Rifiq Pasha              (b. 1839 - d. 1886)
- 1878                       Busati Bey Madani                (b. 1850 - d. 1883)

- Feb 1991 - Feb 1994        Mohammed Saeed
- Feb 1994 - Dec 1997        Badr al-Din Taha
- Dec 1997 - Feb 2001        Majdhub al-Khalifa
- Feb 2001 -  8 May 2009     Abd al-Halim Ismail al-Muta'afi
- 8 May 2009 - Jun 2015     Abdul-Rahman Al-Khidir
- Jun 2015 - 22 Feb 2019     Abdul-Rahim Mohamed Hussein
- 24 Feb 2019 - 16 Apr 2019  Hashim Osman al-Hussein
- 16 Apr 2019 - 18 Jun 2019  Murtadha Abdalla Warraq
- 18 Jun 2019 - 16 Apr 2020  Ahmed Abdoun Hammad
- 16 Apr 2020 - 2020         Youssef Adam Aldai (acting)
- 27 Jul 2020 - 2022         Ayman Khaled Nimer
- 2022 - 2022         Javed Khan King
- 1 Mar 2022 -              Ahmed Osman Hamza

## Related pages

- 2023 Sudan conflict

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Khartoum
- **nickname**: "Triangular Capital"
- **settlement type**: Capital city
- **imagesize**: 350px
- **image caption**: From top: Night View of Khartoum, Khartoum Mosque, the University of Khartoum, and the El Mek Nimr Bridge.
- **image seal**: Khartoum locality.png
- **map caption**: Khartoum's location in Sudan
- **pushpin map**: Sudan#Arab world#Africa
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Sudan and Africa
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States of Sudan, State
- **subdivision name1**: Khartoum (state), Khartoum
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **area total km2**: 1010
- **elevation m**: 381
- **population as of**: urban 2021, all others 2013
- **population urban**: 6,017,000
- **population total**: 639,598
- **population metro**: 5,274,321
- **population demonyms**: Khartoumese, Khartoumian <small>(the latter more properly designates a Mesolithic archaeological stratum)</small>
- **timezone**: Central Africa Time, CAT
- **utc offset**: +2