juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Val Terbi

**Val Terbi** is a municipality in Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

## History

The municipality was created on January 1, 2013 by merger of the former municipalities of Montsevelier, Vermes and Vicques. On 1 January 2018, the former municipality of Corban merged into the municipality of Val Terbi.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Val Terbi
- **municipality name**: Val Terbi
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Val Terbi 2013.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Delémont (district), Delémont
- **postal code**: 2824 Vicques
2828 Montsevelier
2829 Vermes
- **municipality code**: 6730
- **area**: 38.86
- **elevation**: 455
- **population**: 2626
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.val-terbi.ch
- **mayor**: Michel Brahier
- **mayor title**: Maire
- **places**: Recolaine, Vermes, Vicques and Montsevelier
- **neighboring municipalities**: Courchapoix, Rebeuvelier, Courroux, Bärschwil (SO), Mervelier, Corban, Switzerland, Corban, Grindel, Switzerland, Grindel (SO), Erschwil (SO), Beinwil, Solothurn, Beinwil (SO), Schelten (BE), Seehof, Switzerland, Seehof/Elay (BE), Corcelles, Bern, Corcelles (BE), Crémines (BE)
Basse-Allaine

**Basse-Allaine** is a municipality in Porrentruy in the Swiss canton of Jura. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Buix, Courtemaîche and Montignez merged into the new municipality of Basse-Allaine.

The name refers to the Allaine River which runs through the municipality.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Basse-Allaine
- **image photo**: Buix Prairie-Dessous (Villa gallo-romaine) (2).jpg
- **image caption**: Prairie-Dessous
- **municipality name**: Basse-Allaine
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: BasseAllaine-blazon.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Basse-Allaine 2009.png
- **languages**: French
- **canton**: Jura
- **iso-code-region**: CH-JU
- **district**: Porrentruy (district), Porrentury
- **postal code**: 2923
- **municipality code**: 6807
- **area**: 23.05
- **elevation**: 398
- **population**: 1243
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.basse-allaine.ch
- **mayor**: Stéphane Sudan
- **mayor title**: Maire
- **places**: Buix, Courtemaîche, Montignez, Grandgourt
- **neighboring municipalities**: Boncourt, Switzerland, Boncourt, Bure, Switzerland, Bure, Coeuve, Lugnez, Courchavon, Damphreux, Courcelles, Territoire de Belfort, Courcelles (F), Villares-le-Sec (F)
Sharjah (city)

**Sharjah** () is the third-largest city in the United Arab Emirates. It is the capital of the emirate of Sharjah. It is along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Sharjah
- **official name**: Sharjah
- **settlement type**: Metropolis
- **translit lang1 type**: Arabic script, Arabic
- **translit lang1 info**: مَدِيْنَة ٱلثَّقَافَة – ٱلشَّارقَة
- **image caption**: **Clockwise from top:**
Al Khan Lagoon, Heritage District, Cultural Palace, Blue Souk, Al-Qasba Canal
- **image flag**: Flag of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah.svg
- **pushpin map**: UAE#Persian Gulf
- **pushpin label position**: left
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Sharjah in the UAE##Location within the Persian Gulf
- **subdivision type1**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type2**: Emirates of the United Arab Emirates, Emirate
- **subdivision name1**: United Arab Emirates
- **subdivision name2**: Emirate of Sharjah
- **government type**: Absolute monarchy
- **leader title**: Sheikh
- **leader name**: Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi
- **area metro km2**: 235.5
- **population total**: 1,800,000
- **population as of**: 2022–23
- **demographics type2**: GDP
- **demographics2 title1**: Total
- **demographics2 info1**: US$ 58.9 billion (2023)
- **demographics2 title2**: Per capita
- **demographics2 info2**: US$ 32,100 (2023)
Regensberg

**Regensberg** is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is located to the west of Dielsdorf, on a ridge of the Lägern ().

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Regensberg
- **municipality name**: Regensberg
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Regensberg COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Regensberg.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Dielsdorf (district), Dielsdorf
- **postal code**: 8158
- **municipality code**: 0095
- **area**: 2.39
- **elevation**: 617
- **population**: 465
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.regensberg.ch
- **neighboring municipalities**: Boppelsen, Buchs, Zürich, Buchs, Dielsdorf, Oberweningen, Schleinikon, Steinmaur
Regensdorf

**Regensdorf** is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is the largest city in the Furttal region.

Katzensee is a lake that also includes the bath/lido Strandbad Katzensee on the border with the Affoltern quarter of the city of Zürich.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Regensdorf
- **municipality name**: Regensdorf
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Regensdorf COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Regensdorf.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zürich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Dielsdorf (district), Dielsdorf
- **postal code**: 8105 Regensdorf
8105 Watt
8106 Adlikon
- **municipality code**: 0096
- **area**: 14.62
- **elevation**: 443
- **population**: 18010
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.regensdorf.ch
- **mayor**: Max Walter
- **mayor party**: SVP
- **places**: Regensdorf, Adlikon, Watt
- **neighboring municipalities**: Buchs, Zürich, Buchs, Dällikon, Niederhasli, Oberengstringen, Rümlang, Unterengstringen, Weiningen, Switzerland, Weiningen, Zurich
Rheinau, Switzerland

**Rheinau** is a municipality in the district of Andelfingen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rheinau
- **municipality name**: Rheinau
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rheinau COA.svg
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Andelfingen (district), Andelfingen
- **postal code**: 8462
- **municipality code**: 0038
- **area**: 8.96
- **elevation**: 400
- **population**: 1316
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.rheinau.ch
- **mayor**: Andreas Jenni
- **mayor asof**: 2014
- **neighboring municipalities**: Benken, Zürich, Benken, Dachsen, Jestetten (DE-BW), Lottstetten (DE-BW), Marthalen
Chesterfield, Missouri

**Chesterfield** is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 49,999, which makes it the fourteenth-largest city in Missouri. It is a suburb of St. Louis.
Évora

**Évora** is a city in Portugal. It is the seat of the Évora District. It has 56,596 people.
Evora lies in the centre of Portugal, and is one of the hottest cites of the country, reach more than 30C in the summer.
The most famous monument in Evora is the Templo Romano Évora (A Roman temple) and the Capela dos Ossos (a chapel lined with many bones).
Richterswil

**Richterswil** (Swiss German: _Richtischwiil_) is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is on the lake Hüttnersee.

## Villages

- Richterswil
- Samstagern
- Burghalden

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Richterswil
- **municipality name**: Richterswil
- **municipality type**: town
- **imagepath coa**: Richterswil.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Richterswil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Horgen (district), Horgen
- **postal code**: 8805
- **municipality code**: 0138
- **area**: 7.54
- **elevation**: 408
- **population**: 13177
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.richterswil.ch
- **mayor**: Hans Jörg Huber
- **mayor party**: FDP
- **executive name**: Gemeinderat
- **executive number of members**: 9
- **places**: Richterswil, Samstagern, Burghalden
- **neighboring municipalities**: Freienbach (SZ), Hütten, Switzerland, Hütten, Männedorf, Schönenberg, Zürich, Schönenberg, Stäfa, Wädenswil, Wollerau (SZ)
Rickenbach, Zürich

**Rickenbach** is a municipality of the district of Winterthur in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rickenbach
- **municipality name**: Rickenbach
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rickenbach COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rickenbach.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Winterthur (district), Winterthur
- **postal code**: 8545
- **municipality code**: 0225
- **area**: 6.03
- **elevation**: 425
- **population**: 2591
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.rickenbach.zh.ch
- **mayor**: Bea Pfeifer
- **places**: Rickenbach, Sulz, Grüt
- **neighboring municipalities**: Altikon, Dinhard, Ellikon an der Thur, Wiesendangen, Winterthur
Samstagern

**Samstagern** is a village in the municipality of Richterswil in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. Hüttnersee is in the village.
Battenheim

**Battenheim** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Beblenheim

**Beblenheim** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Beblenheim
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Beblenheim (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Colmar-Ribeauvillé
- **canton**: Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
- **insee**: 68023
- **postal code**: 68980
- **mayor**: Pierre Adolph
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: Pays de Ribeauvillé
- **elevation min m**: 180
- **elevation max m**: 274
- **area km2**: 5.61
- **population**: 961
- **population date**: 2006
Bellemagny

**Bellemagny** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Bellemagny
- **commune status**: Communes of France, Commune
- **image coat of arms**: Blason de la ville de Bellemagny (68).svg
- **arrondissement**: Altkirch
- **canton**: Masevaux
- **insee**: 68024
- **postal code**: 68210
- **mayor**: Thierry Roy
- **term**: 2008–2014
- **intercommunality**: porte d'Alsace
- **elevation m**: 340
- **elevation min m**: 320
- **elevation max m**: 397
- **area km2**: 2.1
- **population**: 187
- **population date**: 2006
Bendorf, Haut-Rhin

**Bendorf** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Berentzwiller

**Berentzwiller** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Bennwihr

**Bennwihr** is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Bergheim, Haut-Rhin

**Bergheim** is a French commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Constantine, Algeria

**Constantine** () is a city in Algeria. It is the third biggest city in Algeria, after Algiers and Oran. It is the capital of Constantine Province. It has 448,374 people.
Andria

**Andria** is an Italian city in Apulia. In 2016, 100,440 people lived there.
Rifferswil

**Rifferswil** is a municipality in the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rifferswil
- **municipality name**: Rifferswil
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: Rifferswil.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rifferswil.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Affoltern (district), Affoltern
- **postal code**: 8911
- **municipality code**: 0012
- **area**: 6.50
- **elevation**: 579
- **population**: 1056
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.rifferswil.ch
- **mayor**: Marcel Fuchs
- **neighboring municipalities**: Aeugst am Albis, Hausen am Albis, Kappel am Albis, Mettmenstetten
Andrzej Baturo

**Andrzej Baturo** (16 May 1940 – 9 June 2017) was a Polish artist photographer. He was the organizer of many important photo events, publisher, General director of the FotoArtFestival in Bielsko-Biala,founder and president of the Foundation Centre of Photography. He was born in Vilnius, Lithuania.

Baturo died on 9 June 2017 in Warsaw, Poland at the age of 77.

## Other websites

- Official Baturo's webpage
Angerville, Essonne

**Angerville** is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Essonne department in north France.
Chi Po-lin

**Chi Po-lin** (December 27, 1964 – June 10, 2017) was a Taiwanese documentary filmmaker, photographer and environmentalist. He was best known for his 2013 movie _Beyond Beauty: Taiwan from Above_, which won Best Documentary at the 2013 Golden Horse Awards. He was born in Taipei.

On June 10, 2017, Chi died in a helicopter crash in a mountainous area in Hualien County's Fengbin Township at the age of 52. The group was shooting footage for the sequel to _Beyond Beauty: Taiwan from Above_, which was scheduled for release in 2019.
Brad Ausmus

**Bradley David Ausmus** (born April 14, 1969) is a former baseball catcher and manager. He played for the San Diego Padres, Detroit Tigers, Houston Astros, and Los Angeles Dodgers. He made his Major League Baseball debut in 1993 and retired from playing after the 2010 season. He was managed Detroit from 2014 to 2017.

## Other websites

- Managerial record at Baseball-Reference.com
Dusty Baker

**Johnnie B. "Dusty" Baker Jr.** (born June 15, 1949) is the manager of the Houston Astros. He has also managed the San Francisco Giants, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds and Washington Nationals. Before he became a manager, Baker played as an outfielder for several Major League Baseball teams: the Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants, and Oakland Athletics. As a player, he won the World Series in 1981 as a member of the Dodgers. He returned to the World Series in 2002 as manager of the Giants, but his team lost to the Anaheim Angels. He returned to the World Series in 2022 as manager of the Houston Astros and won.

## Other websites

- Managerial record at Baseball-Reference.com
Brian Snitker

**Brian Gerald Snitker** (born October 17, 1955) is the manager of the Atlanta Braves. He was hired the Braves during the 2016 season. He never played for any Major League Baseball teams, but he did play minor league baseball in the Braves organization. He later managed several of the Braves' minor league teams and he also served as the third base coach for the Braves from 2007 to 2013.

## Other websites

- Managerial record at Baseball-Reference.com
Fredi González

**Fredi Jesus González** (born January 28, 1964) is the third base coach for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball. He was previously the manager of the Florida Marlins and the Atlanta Braves. He never played for any MLB teams. González was born in Cuba.

## Other websites

- Managerial record at Baseball-Reference.com
Coach (baseball)

In baseball, a number of **coaches** help make a team work properly. They are assistants to the manager, who determines the lineup and decides how to substitute players during the game. More than a half dozen coaches may assist the manager in running the team. Some common coaching positions include the following: first base coach, third base coach, hitting coach, pitching coach, bench coach, and bullpen coach.
Red scare

The **Red Scare** was the fear of communism taking over countries. The term is most often used to refer to two periods in the history of the United States although "Red Scares" also happened in other parts of the world.

The **First Red Scare** started after the Bolsheviks took power in Russia during the October Revolution of 1917, and it lasted from the late 1910s to the late 1920s. It led to an increased fear and perceived threat of revolution and political radicalism from national and foreign anarchists and from the American labor movement, which was mainly leftist.

The **Second Red Scare** happened after the Second World War, during the start of the Cold War, and lasted from the late 1940s to the mid-to-late 1950s. It led to a fear of national or foreign communist spies infiltrating and taking over American society, institutions, and governments. The Second Red Scare is also known as McCarthyism.
James McCann

**James Thomas McCann** (born June 13, 1990) is a catcher for the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball. He started playing in the major leagues in 2014 with the Detroit Tigers. McCann also played college baseball for the University of Arkansas.
Bibi Ferreira

**Bibi Ferreira**  (born **Abigail Izquierdo Ferreira**; 1 June 1922 – 13 February 2019) was a Brazilian actress. In 1962, she tested for a part in the Brazilian production of _My Fair Lady_. She then received leads in _Hello Dolly_ and _Man of La Mancha_.

In 2016, she appeared in New York City in  “Bibi Times Four.”

Feffeira died on 13 February 2019 at her apartment in Rio de Janeiro from heart failure at the age of 96.

## Other websites

- Bibi Ferreira on Forbes.com

## Infobox (actor)

- **name**: Bibi Ferreira
- **image**: Bibi Ferreira (1968).tif
- **birth name**: Abigail Izquierdo Ferreira
- **birth place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **death place**: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **nationality**: Brazil, Brazilian
- **years active**: 1941–2019
Travis Fryman

**David Travis Fryman** (born March 25, 1969) played Major League Baseball from 1990 to 2002. He played for the Detroit Tigers (1990–1997) and for the Cleveland Indians from 1998 to 2002). He usually played third base, but he also played shortstop. Fryman made 5 All–Star teams and won a Gold Glove Award in 2000.
Rawlings Gold Glove Award

The **Rawlings Gold Glove Award**, usually referred to as the **Gold Glove**, is the award given annually to the Major League Baseball (MLB) players determined to be the best fielders at each fielding position in both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL). Voting is done by the managers and coaches in each league, and they may not may not vote for their own players. Sabermetrics affect about 25 percent of the vote.

In 1957, the baseball glove manufacturer Rawlings created the Gold Glove Award to honor the best fielding performance at each position. At first, only one Gold Glove was given out to the top fielder at each position in Major League Baseball; however, separate awards were given for the National and American Leagues beginning in 1958. Eighteen Gold Gloves have been awarded each year (with the exception of 1957, 1985 and 2007), one at each of the nine positions in each league.

The trophy is a glove made from gold lamé-tanned leather and it is attached to a walnut base.
Austin Deasy

**Austin Deasy** (26 August 1936 – 10 June 2017) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He served as Minister for Agriculture from 1982 to 1987. He was a TD for the Waterford constituency from 1977 until his retirement in 2002.

Deasy died at University Hospital Waterford in Waterford, Ireland on 10 June 2017 at the age of 80.
Great Flood of 1993

The **Great Flood of 1993** was a major natural disaster. It affected nine states, mostly between April and September 1993. It involved the Mississippi and Missouri rivers.

Storms with heavy rain began hitting the same locations over and over again. This pattern began repeating in late April and early May. It lasted until September in some areas. Eastern Iowa, Missouri and Illinois were especially hard-hit.

The flood was the costliest in the history of the United States. Damage totaled $15 billion, although some estimates go as high as $20 billion.

There were thirty-two deaths because of the flood. Some estimates put the death toll at 50.

## Infobox (flood)

- **name**: Great Mississippi and Missouri Rivers Flood of 1993
- **image name**: Flood waters inundated parts of Jefferson City, Missouri, and threatened the Missouri State Capitol during the "Great Flood of 1993".
- **image location**: MO capital flood 93.jpg
- **duration**: April – October 1993
- **total damages**: $15 billion
- **total fatalities**: 32
- **areas affected**: Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin
Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera

**Ameurfina Aguinaldo Melencio-Herrera** (11 May 1922 – 12 October 2020) was a Filipino judge. She served as an Associate Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court from 1979 until her retirement in 1992. She was the second woman appointed to the Supreme Court, filling the vacancy left by the retirement of the first female Supreme Court Justice, Cecilia Muñoz-Palma.

Melencio-Herrera died in Cabanatuan on 12 October 2020, aged 98.
Mickey Tettleton

**Mickey Lee Tettleton** (born September 16, 1960) is a former Major League Baseball catcher for the Oakland Athletics (1984–1987), Baltimore Orioles (1988–1990), Detroit Tigers (1991–1994) and Texas Rangers (1995–1997). He made two All–Star teams and won three Silver Slugger Awards. He was named after Mickey Mantle, who was also from Oklahoma.
Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby

**Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby** (15 January 1841 – 14 June 1908) was the Governor General of Canada from 1888–1893. In North America, he is best known for donating a trophy to be given to Canada's best amateur hockey club. That trophy, a silver cup now known as the Stanley Cup later became the trophy awarded to the champion of the National Hockey League. Lord Stanley bought the cup in 1892 for $50. In 1945, he was one of the first people inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in the "Builders" category. Stanley Park in Vancouver is named after him and he went to see it on October 26, 1889. During his career, he was the mayor of Liverpool and Preston.
Yuli Edelstein

**Yuli Yoel Edelstein**, Hebrew: יולי יואל אדלשטיין , Ukrainian: Йоель (Юлій Юрійович) Едельштейн , (born 5 August 1958 in Chernivtsi) is an Israeli politician of HaLikud.

Edelstein was born in western Ukraine. Because of his efforts to emigrate to Israel he was put in Gulag labor camps in Siberia for three years. After this time he made Aliyah (emigrated to Israel) in 1987.

With fellow refusenik Nathan Sharansky he founded the political party of Yisrael BaAliyah ("Israel on the Up") in 1996. The same year he entered the Knesset.

From 1996 to 1999 he was also minister of immigration absorption in the First Netanyahu Government, and from 2001 to 2003 also deputy minister of immigration absorption in the First Sharon Government.

In 2003 Yisrael BaAliyah became part of HaLikud and Edelstein became an MK for this party. In 2006 he lost his seat but in 2007 he returned.

From 2009 to 2013 he was also minister of information and diaspora in the Second Netanyahu Government.

From 2013 to 2020 he was Speaker of the Knesset, succeeding fellow party member Reuven Rivlin and succeeded by Benny Gantz.

From 2020 to 2021 he was minister of health in the Fifth Netanyahu Government.

Although Edelstein thinks that Israelis and Palestinians can peacefully live together he is negative about the establishment of an independent State of Palestine because he is afraid it will attack Israel.

## References

- Bio at Knesset Website
Green Party (Israel)

**HaTnu'a HaYeruqa**, Hebrew: התנועה הירוקה , meaning _The Green Movement_, is an Israeli political party.

Its ideology is green, moderate left, and Zionist.

Political leaders are Eran Ben-Yemini (not a Knesset member) and Yael Cohen-Paran.

HaTnu'a HaYeruqa was founded in 2008.

Number of seats in the 20th Knesset: 1.<br/ >
HaTnu'a HaYeruqa is cooperating with HaAvoda ("The Labor") and HaTnu'a ("The Movement") as HaMahaneh HaTziyoni (_The Zionist Union_). Together they have 24 seats.
Gambling addiction

A **gambling addiction** is when someone is obsessed with gambling despite the negative consequences. Gambling addictions often puts the person in risk of losing everything. People with this illness often think about suicide more than the general population. Many people use gambling as a way to get away from their terrible lives and to gain satisfaction. In many ways, gambling addiction is similar to other addictions (such as the addiction to alcohol or the addiction to illegal drugs).

Someone with a gambling addiction often
- Needs to gamble with more and more money to satisfy themselves
- Has made repeated unsuccessful efforts to cut back
- Is always gambling
- Persists to win back their losses
- Has jeopardized or lost relationships
- Relies on others to provide money to provide financial support
- Neglect responsibilities
- Lie and hide gambling activities

Gambling addiction is a serious disease difficult to overcome. In most cases, it is treated through therapy, support groups, medications and counseling. In some cases, specific drugs can help. There is no definite cure.

Research demonstrates how the brain can get addicted to gambling. There is also evidence older people are more likely to become gambling addicts.

Recently, the problem of gambling has become extremely important due to the ubiquitous distribution of cash slot machines, the opening of many casinos, as well as bookmakers (including online). All of them are beautifully designed, which enhances the suggestive effect of an easy winning opportunity in a short time and a constant desire to recoup and win more. Slot machines have long been widespread throughout the world.

In the United States, according to R. Volberg (1996), the number of “problem players” - addictive gamblers so dependent on slot machines that their lives are completely subordinated to this passion - reaches 5% of the population. Data from other researchers (Ladouceur et al., 1999) indicate that in the first half of the 1990s alone, the number of problem players in Canada increased by more than 75%.

Covid-19 impacted gambling significantly. 68% of actively engaged gamblers have spent more money online since lockdown began. These frequent online gamblers are already vulnerable to addiction, and their behaviour in 2020 has been seriously impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. But, with 40% of the population experiencing a decrease in their disposable income, it’s possible that infrequent betters might look to online gambling as a quick solution for financial difficulty.

## Other websites

- Compulsive gambling
Yael Cohen Paran

**Yael Cohen-Paran**, Hebrew: יעל כהן-פארן , (born October 12, 1973) is an Israeli environmental activist and a politician. She is co-political leader of HaTnu'a HaYeruqa ("The Green Movement").

Cohen-Paran served in Unit 8200, the signal intelligence unit of the Israel Defense Forces. She studied physics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, and also public policy at Tel Aviv University.

She was founder and president of the Israel Energy Forum, and participated in various United Nations Climate Change Conferences.

Later on she went into politics by becoming a member of HaTnu'a HaYeruqa. Due to the cooperation of this party with HaTnu'a and HaAvoda as The Zionist Union she became a Member of Knesset in 2015 and was a member until 2019.

## References

- Bio at Knesset Website
Rorbas

**Rorbas** is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is in the lower Töss Valley.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rorbas
- **municipality name**: Rorbas
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rorbas COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rorbas.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Bülach (district), Bülach
- **postal code**: 8427
- **municipality code**: 0068
- **area**: 4.44
- **elevation**: 395
- **population**: 2742
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.rorbas.ch
- **mayor**: Hans Ulrich Büchi
- **places**: Studerwies, Weisshalde and Geissberg
- **neighboring municipalities**: Bülach, Eglisau, Embrach, Freienstein-Teufen
Modeling agency

A **modeling agency** is a commercial agency, a company that represents a model in their job. The agency takes a percentage of the fee.
C. Narayana Reddy

**C. Narayana Reddy** (29 July 1931 – 12 June 2017) popularly known as _Cinare_ was an Indian Telugu and Urdu poet and writer. Reddy won the Jnanpith Award in 1988 for his poetic work, _Viswambara_. He had been awarded an honorary Kala Prapoorna by Andhra University in 1978, having been a recipient of the Padma Shri in 1977.

Reddy was honored with the Raja-Lakshmi Award by the Sri Raja-Lakshmi Foundation in 1988 and in 1992 he was honoured with India's third-highest civilian award, the Padma Bhushan.

Reddy died from complications from heart disease at a hospital in Hyderabad, Telangana on 12 June 2017 at the age of 85.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: C. Narayana Reddy
- **image**: CNREDDY.JPG
- **caption**: C. Narayana Reddy
- **birth place**: Hanumajipet, Hyderabad State
(now in Rajanna Sircilla district, Telangana, India)
- **death place**: Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- **father**: Mallareddy
- **mother**: Buchamma
- **spouse**: Suseela
- **occupation**: Poet, playwright, composer, artist
- **alma mater**: Osmania University
- **awards**: Jnanpith Award, Jnanapith
- **signature**: C_Narayana_Reddy_Autograph_in_Telugu,_Urdu_and_English.jpg
Masahide Ōta

was a Japanese academic and politician. He was governor of Okinawa Prefecture from 1990 until 1998. He was born in Kumejima, Okinawa.

Ōta died in Naha, Okinawa on 12 June 2017, his 92nd birthday, from respiratory failure caused by pneumonia.
Samuel V. Wilson

Lieutenant General **Samuel Vaughan Wilson** (September 23, 1923 – June 10, 2017), aka "General Sam", was an American military person. He served as President of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 through 2000 and as Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency from May 1976 through August 1977. He was born in Rice, Virginia.

Wilson died from lung cancer on June 10, 2017 at the age of 93.

## Other websites

- Source material not otherwise credited or linked in this article was compiled in part from www.pamplin.net , Joe Galloway's January 7, 2004 article "General Sam, We Hardly Know Ye" available at www.military.com, the 1962 Counterinsurgency Symposium hosted by the Rand Corporation, available at www.rand.org, and www.IMDb.com.
- http://www.dia.mil/history/histories/Directors/bio_swilson.html
Walter Noll

**Walter Noll** (January 7, 1925 – June 6, 2017) was a German-born American mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Carnegie Mellon University. He was best known for developing mathematical tools of classical mechanics and thermodynamics. He was born in Berlin, Germany.

Noll has served as a visiting professor at the Johns Hopkins University, the University of Karlsruhe, the Israel Institute of Technology, the École Polytechnique in Nancy, the University of Pisa, the University of Pavia, and the University of Oxford.

In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Noll died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on June 6, 2017, aged 92.

## Books

- Noll, Walter and  Truesdell, Clifford (1965) _The Non-Linear Field Theories of Mechanics_. Springer-Verlag, New York. .
- Noll, Walter;  Coleman, B. D.; and Markovitz, H. (1966) _Viscometric Flows of Non-Newtonian Fluids, Theory and Experiment_. Springer-Verlag, New York. ASIN B0006BN90G.
- Noll, Walter (1974) _Foundations of Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Selected Papers_. Springer-Verlag, New York. .
- Noll, Walter (1987) _Finite-Dimensional Spaces: Algebra, Geometry, and Analysis, Vol. I_. Kluwer Academic Publishers. . A corrected version (2006) is published on Professor Noll's website.
- Noll, Walter (2004) _Five Contributions to Natural Philosophy_. Published on Professor Noll's website
I Love It

"**I Love It**" is a song by Swedish DJ duo Icona Pop featuring vocals from British recording artist Charli XCX. It was released in May 2012 as a digital download in Sweden, where it peaked at number two on the singles chart. The song was added to their debut studio album, _Icona Pop_, as well as their EP _Iconic_ and their debut international album, _This Is... Icona Pop_.

The song received positive reviews from music critics, and publications _Rolling Stone_ and Pitchfork included it on their year-end lists for 2012. The song went on to become Icona Pop and Charli XCX's first US hit, peaking at number seven on the _Billboard_ Hot 100 and was certified double-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, denoting over 2 million copies sold in the United States. In June 2013, over a year after it was released elsewhere, the song charted at number 1 on the UK Singles Chart. It has gone on to sell 4.3 million certified downloads.

## Infobox (single)

- **name**: I Love It
- **artist**: Icona Pop featuring Charli XCX
- **album**: Icona Pop ***and*** This Is... Icona Pop
- **released**: October 2011 - May 2012 (Promotional Single)
 (US Single)
- **recorded**: 2010—June 2011
- **label**: Ten
- **chronology**: Icona Pop singles
- **prev title**: Mind Your Manners
- **prev year**: 2012
- **title**: I Love It
- **year**: 2012
- **next title**: We Got the World
- **next year**: 2012
Celtiberian Range

**Celtiberian Range** (in Spanish language: _Serranía Celtibérica_), also called **South Lapland** or **Spanish Lapland** (_Laponia del Sur_ or _Laponia Española_), is the geographical term given to part of Spain due to its lower population and lack of infrastructure.

Its nomenclature comes from the Celtiberians, a pre-Roman tribe who lived in this area long ago.

## Geography

It comprises an area of 63,098 km². Through the range are 1,632 municipalities among several provinces. All but the Valencian Community are landlocked.

It has a population of 503,566 inhabitants.

|Autonomous Community|Province(s)|
| --- | --- |
|Aragón|Teruel Zaragoza|
|Castile-La Mancha|Cuenca Guadalajara|
|Castile and León|Burgos Segovia Soria|
|La Rioja|Logroño|
|Valencian Community|Castellón Valencia|
Receptacle (botany)

In biology and botany, the **receptacle** is the swollen basal part of the flower. It can also be made as the top of the stalk or pedicel. When the stalk of the plant, the part which connects flower to the plant, gets flattened and the other parts of the flower including the 4 whorls (calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium) start, that flattened part is called the receptacle. It is the end part of the stalk or pedicel.

In some fruits like a strawberry, it is the thing that becomes the main fleshy edible part of the fruit. The fruit species, rubus, has a conical receptacle with a cluster of seeds (droplets) on top of it.

When a raspberry is picked, the receptacle gets separated from it, but it is just the opposite case in blackberry where it remains attached.

In phycology, they are the structures at the end of the branches of algae mainly brown algae. There, they act as specialized structures having reproductive organs and also help in storage.
Mladá Boleslav

**Mladá Boleslav** (; ) is a city in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is on the left bank of the Jizera river about  northeast of Prague. The automobile company Škoda Auto has its main office in Mladá Boleslav.

## History

The city was founded in the second half of the 10th century by King Boleslav II as a royal castle. Because there already was a castle known as Boleslav near Prague, this new castle was named Mladá (young) to distinguish it from the older Boleslav, which became known in the 15th century as Stará Boleslav (Old Boleslav). The town received partial city rights in 1334 and 1436, becoming an important site on the road from Prague to northern Bohemia, Lusatia, and Brandenburg. In the 16th century the town was a leading centre of the Unitas Fratrum / Unity of the Brethren / Moravian Church, hosting the Brethren's bishop, Renaissance church, and printing house. After being re-Catholicized in the 17th century, the town's population declined.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Mladá Boleslav
- **settlement type**: Statutory city (Czech Republic), Statutory City
- **image skyline**: Magistrat-Mlada Boleslav.jpg
- **image caption**: Town hall in Mladá Boleslav
- **image flag**: Flag of Mlada Boleslav.svg
- **image shield**: CZ Mladá Boleslav COA.svg
- **nickname**: City of cars
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type2**: Regions of the Czech Republic, Region
- **subdivision name2**: Central Bohemian Region, Central Bohemian
- **subdivision type3**: Districts of the Czech Republic, District
- **subdivision name3**: Mladá Boleslav District, Mladá Boleslav
- **pushpin map**: Czech Republic
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in the Czech Republic
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Raduan Nwelati
- **leader party**: Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic), ODS
- **established title**: Founded
- **established date**: 10th century
- **area total km2**: 28.89
- **elevation m**: 235
- **population as of**: 2019-01-01
- **population total**: 44489
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone1**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset1**: +1
- **timezone1 dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset1 dst**: +2
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 293 01
- **website**: [http://www.mb-net.cz/ www.mb-net.cz]
Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire

**Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire** is a _commune_ in the Nièvre department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in central France. It is a subprefecture of the department.

## Geography

Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is in the northwest of the department, on the border with the Cher department; it is on the confluence of the Loire and the Nohain rivers at  of Nevers, the subprefecture of the Nièvre department.

The _commune_ of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is surrounded by the _communes_ La Celle-sur-Loire, Myennes, Tracy-sur-Loire, Saint-Martin-sur-Nohain, Saint-Loup, Saint-Père and Saint-Vérain; it borders to the west with the Cher department.

### Climate

The Köppen climate classification type for Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype **Cfb**.

## Population

The inhabitants of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire are known, in French, as _Cosnois_ (women: _Cosnoises_).

With a population of 10,553, Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire has a population density of  inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>.

**Evolution of the population in Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire**

## Administration

Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is a subprefecture of the Nièvre department since 1800. It is also the capital of the _arrondissement_ of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire and the administrative centre () of the _canton_ of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire formed by 7 _communes_, with 14,926 inhabitants (2014).

### Twin towns

Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is twinned with:
- Bad Ems, Germany, since 1974
- Harpenden, United Kingdom, since 1982
- Herentals, Belgium, since 1999

## Related pages

- Arrondissements of the Nièvre department
- Communes of the Nièvre department

## Other websites

- Ville de Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire - official website
- Office de Tourisme de Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
- **image coat of arms**: Blason Cosne.svg
- **image**: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire le pont.jpg
- **caption**: Bridge over the Loire River, Loire in Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire.
- **arrondissement**: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
- **canton**: Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire
- **intercommunality**: Loire, Vignobles et Nohain
- **mayor**: Michel Veneau
- **term**: 2014-2020
- **elevation m**: 195
- **elevation min m**: 138
- **elevation max m**: 252
- **area km2**: 53.30
- **population**: 10553
- **population date**: 2014
- **insee**: 58086
- **postal code**: 58200
- **website**: [http://www.mairie-cosnesurloire.fr/ www.mairie-cosnesurloire.fr]
Degree of freedom

**Degree of freedom** of a particle or a body is simply the number of ways in which it can possess energy (transnational energy, rotational energy, vibrational energy).
It may be simply defined as the number of independent coordinates required to define motion of that body.
Charles P. Thacker

**Charles Patrick "Chuck" Thacker** (February 26, 1943 – June 12, 2017) was an American pioneer computer designer. He worked on the Xerox Alto, which is the first computer that used a mouse-driven Graphical User Interface. He was known for being the co-inventor of the ethernet.

Thacker died on June 12, 2017 from complications from esophageal cancer in Palo Alto, California at the age of 74.

## Other websites

- Thacker biography, Microsoft
- An interview with Chuck Thacker
- IEEE John von Neumann Medal Recipients
- Chuck Thacker Attains Computing’s Peak
- Podcast interview with Chuck Thacker upon receipt of Turing Award by  , Stephen Ibaraki

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Charles P. Thacker
- **image**: Chuckthacker (cropped).jpg
- **birth name**: Charles Patrick Thacker
- **birth place**: Pasadena, California, Pasadena, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Palo Alto, California, Palo Alto, California, U.S.
- **nationality**: United States, American
- **field**: Computer Science
- **workplaces**: Xerox, Digital Equipment Corporation, DEC, Microsoft Research
- **alma mater**: University of California, Berkeley (B.S., 1967)
- **known for**: Alto (computer)
- **awards**: IEEE John von Neumann Medal <small>(2007)</small>
A. M. Turing Award <small>(2009)</small>
 Computer History Museum Fellow <small>(2007)</small>
Ulf Stark

**Ulf Gottfrid Stark** (12 July 1944 – 13 June 2017) was a Swedish author and screenwriter. He adapted several of his own books for movies and wrote the screenplay for the 1999 movie _Tsatsiki, morsan och polisen_.

From 1989 to 1998 he was an elected member of the Swedish Academy for Children's Books.

In 1998 he received the Nordic Children's Book Prize.

Stark died 13 June 2017 in Stockholm, Sweden from pancreatic cancer at the age of 72.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Ulf Stark
- **image**: Ulf Stark in Kyiv (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Ulf Stark in 2016
- **birth place**: Stureby, Stockholm Municipality
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **nationality**: Swedish
- **occupation**: Author
Josefina Villalobos

**Josefina Villalobos** (August 5, 1924 – February 24, 2025) was an American-born Colombian-Ecuadorian public servant. She was the First Lady of Ecuador serving from August 10, 1992 through August 10, 1996 when her husband, Sixto Durán Ballén, served as President of Ecuador.

Ballén and Villalobos had eight children. After Ballén left office, the two retired and lived in Quito, Ecuador. On November 15, 2016, Ballén died at the age of 95.

Villalobos died on February 24, 2025 in Quito, Ecuador at the age of 100.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Josefina Villalobos
- **image**: Josefina Villalobos 2011.jpg
- **office**: 37th First Ladies and Gentlemen of Ecuador, First Lady of Ecuador
- **term start**: August 10, 1992
- **term end**: August 10, 1996
- **predecessor**: Carmen Calisto Ponce
- **successor**: María Rosa Pulley Vergara
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Quito, Ecuador
- **spouse**: <small>(his death)</small>
- **children**: Eight
- **nationality**: United States, American
Colombian
Ecuadorian
Frank Windsor

**Frank Windsor** (born **Frank W. Higgins**; 12 July 1928 – 30 September 2020) was an English actor, mainly on television. He was born in Walsall, Staffordshire. His career began in 1959. His most famous role was as Detective Sergeant John Watt in _Z-Cars_ from 1962–65. He also starred in its spin-offs _Softly, Softly_ and _Softly, Softly: Taskforce_ from 1966–76.

He had regular roles in the BBC drama _Casualty_; the ITV drama _Peak Practice_; he played Major Charlie Grace in _EastEnders_ (1992); and appeared twice in _Doctor Who_.

He died on 30 September 2020 at the age of 92.

## Movies

- _This Sporting Life_ (1963)
- _Spring and Port Wine_ (1969)
- _Sunday Bloody Sunday_ (1971)
- _Assassin_ (1973)
- _Barry McKenzie Holds His Own_ (1974)
- _Who Is Killing the Great Chefs of Europe?_ (1978)
- _The London Connection_ (1979)
- _Coming Out of the Ice_ (1982)
- _The Shooting Party_ (1985)
- _Revolution_ (1985)
- _Out of Order_ (1987)
- _Between Two Women_ (2000)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Frank Windsor
- **birth name**: Frank W. Higgins
- **birth place**: Walsall, Staffordshire, England
- **spouse**: Mary Corbett (1959-2020, dies)
- **years active**: 1959-2020
- **occupation**: Actor
- **death date**: 30 September 2020 (aged 92)
Niederstetten

**Niederstetten** is a town in the Main-Tauber district in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is  southeast of Bad Mergentheim, and  west of Rothenburg ob der Tauber.

## Infobox (german location)

- **art**: Stadt
- **image photo**: NiederstettenSchimmelturm.jpg
- **image caption**: Town hall
- **wappen**: DEU Niederstetten COA.svg
- **lageplan**: Niederstetten im Main-Tauber-Kreis.png
- **bundesland**: Baden-Württemberg
- **regierungsbezirk**: Stuttgart
- **landkreis**: Main-Tauber-Kreis
- **höhe**: 306
- **fläche**: 104.06
- **einwohner**: 4858
- **stand**: 2013-12-31
- **plz**: 97996, 97980 (Mönchshof)
- **vorwahl**: 07932, 07933, 07939 (Heimberg)
- **kfz**: TBB, MGH
- **gemeindeschlüssel**: 08128082
- **bürgermeister**: Rüdiger Zibold
Győr

**Győr** (; , ) is the sixth-largest city in Hungary and the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron county. In 2016, 131.267 people lived there.

## Twin towns − Sister cities

Győr is twinned with:

- Kuopio, Finland
- Erfurt, Germany
- Sindelfingen, Germany
- Ingolstadt, Germany
- Colmar, France
- Bryansk, Russia
- Brașov, Romania
- Nazareth Illit, Israel
- Wuhan, China
- Poznań, Poland
- Montevideo, Uruguay

## Other websites

- Official site

## Infobox (settlement)

- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: Győr City Hall tower.jpg
- **image caption**: Tower of Győr City Hall
- **image shield**: HUN Győr Címer.svg
- **image flag**: Flag of Győr.svg
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Hungary
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: Zsolt Borkai (Fidesz)
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
- **pushpin map**: Hungary
- **pushpin label position**: bottom
- **pushpin map caption**: Location of Győr
- **official name**: Győr
- **subdivision type1**: Counties of Hungary, County
- **subdivision name1**: Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Győr-Moson-Sopron
- **subdivision type2**: Districts of Hungary, District
- **subdivision name2**: Győr District, Győr
- **elevation m**: 108
- **area total km2**: 174.62
- **population as of**: 1 January 2016
- **population total**: 129568
- **population rank**: List of cities and towns in Hungary, 6th in Hungary
- **population urban**: 227,704
- **population metro**: 357,264
- **population density km2**: 738.19
- **population blank1 title**: Demonym
- **population blank1**: győri
- **postal code type**: Postal codes in Hungary, Postal code
- **postal code**: 9000 – 9030
- **area code type**: Telephone numbers in Hungary, Area code(s)
- **area code**: (+36) 96
Rümlang

**Rümlang** is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. Zurich Airport is in Rümlang.

## Other websites

- Official Website

## Infobox (swiss town)

- **subject name**: Rümlang
- **municipality name**: Rümlang
- **municipality type**: municipality
- **imagepath coa**: CHE Rümlang COA.svg
- **map**: Karte Gemeinde Rümlang.png
- **languages**: German
- **canton**: Zurich
- **iso-code-region**: CH-ZH
- **district**: Dielsdorf (district), Dielsdorf
- **postal code**: 8153
- **municipality code**: 0097
- **area**: 12.39
- **elevation**: 443
- **population**: 7752
- **populationof**: Dec 2015
- **popofyear**: 2015
- **website**: www.ruemlang.ch
- **mayor**: Thomas Hardegger
- **mayor title**: Gemeindepräsident
- **neighboring municipalities**: Kloten, Niederhasli, Oberglatt, Opfikon, Regensdorf, Winkel, Switzerland, Winkel, Zurich