Microhylidae

**Microhylidae** is a family of frogs. There are 495 species in 68 genera and nine subfamilies.  This is the largest number of genera of any frog family.

## Description

Microhylids are mostly small frogs. Many species have bodies shorter than  in length from nose to rear end. The largest microhylids are . They can live in trees or on land. Some will even live close to water. The ground dwellers are often found under leaf litter within forests.  The sometimes go out at night to hunt. There are two main shapes for the microhylids.  One shape is with wide bodies and narrow mouths.  The other shape is the normal frog shape. Those with narrow mouths eat termites and ants, and the others eat the same foods as other frogs.

### Reproduction

The microhylids that live in New Guinea and Australia do not have a tadpole stage. Those who live in trees can lay the eggs in trees, and do not ever need to go to the ground. Where species do have tadpoles, these almost always do not have the teeth or horny beak like other tadpoles do.

## Taxonomy

- subfamily Adelastinae <small>Peloso, Frost, Richards, Rodrigues, Donnellan, Matsui, Raxworthy, Biju, Lemmon, Lemmon, & Wheeler, 2015</small>
    - genus _Adelastes_ <small>Zweifel, 1986</small>
- subfamily Asterophryinae <small>Günther, 1858</small>
    - genus _Aphantophryne_ <small>Fry, 1917</small>
    - genus _Asterophrys_ <small>Tschudi, 1838</small>
    - genus _Austrochaperina_ <small>Fry, 1912</small>
    - genus _Barygenys_ <small>Parker, 1936</small>
    - genus _Callulops_ <small>Boulenger, 1888</small>
    - genus _Choerophryne_ <small>Van Kampen, 1914</small>
    - genus _Cophixalus_ <small>Boettger, 1892</small>
    - genus _Copiula_ <small>Méhely, 1901</small>
    - genus _Gastrophrynoides_ <small>Noble, 1926</small>
    - genus _Hylophorbus_ <small>Macleay, 1878</small>
    - genus _Mantophryne_ <small>Boulenger, 1897</small>
    - genus _Oninia_ <small>Günther, Stelbrink & von Rintelen, 2010</small>
    - genus _Oreophryne_ <small>Boettger, 1895</small>
    - genus _Paedophryne_ <small>Kraus, 2010</small>
    - genus _Siamophryne_ <small>Suwannapoom, Sumontha, Tunprasert, Ruangsuwan, Pawangkhanant, Korost, and Poyarkov, 2018</small>
    - genus _Sphenophryne_ <small>Peters & Doria, 1878</small>
    - genus _Vietnamophryne_ <small>Poyarkov, Suwannapoom, Pawangkhanant, Aksornneam, Duong, Korost and Che, 2018</small>
    - genus _Xenorhina_ <small>Peters, 1863</small>
- subfamily Chaperininae <small>Peloso, Frost, Richards, Rodrigues, Donnellan, Matsui, Raxworthy, Biju, Lemmon, Lemmon, & Wheeler, 2015</small>
    - genus _Chaperina_ <small>Mocquard, 1892</small>
- subfamily Cophylinae <small>Cope, 1889</small>
    - genus _Anilany_ <small>Scherz, Vences, Rakotoarison, Andreone, Köhler, Glaw, and Crottini, 2016</small>
    - genus _Anodonthyla_ <small>Müller, 1892</small>
    - genus _Cophyla_ <small>Boettger, 1880</small>
    - genus _Madecassophryne_ <small>Guibé, 1974</small>
    - genus _Mini_ <small>Scherz, Hutter, Rakotoarison, Riemann, Rödel, Ndriantsoa, Glos, Roberts, Crottini, Vences & Glaw, 2019</small>
    - genus _Plethodontohyla_ <small>Boulenger, 1882</small>
    - genus _Rhombophryne_ <small>Boettger, 1880</small>
    - genus _Stumpffia_ <small>Botteger, 1881</small>
- subfamily Dyscophinae <small>Boulenger, 1882</small>
    - genus _Dyscophus_ <small>Grandidier, 1872</small>
- subfamily Gastrophryninae <small>Fitzinger, 1843</small>
    - genus _Arcovomer_ <small>Carvalho, 1954</small>
    - genus _Chiasmocleis_ <small>Méhely, 1904</small>
    - genus _Ctenophryne_ <small>Mocquard, 1904</small>
    - genus _Dasypops_ <small>Miranda-Ribeiro, 1924</small>
    - genus _Dermatonotus_ <small>Méhely, 1904</small>
    - genus _Elachistocleis_ <small>Parker, 1927</small>
    - genus _Gastrophryne_ <small>Fitzinger, 1843</small>
    - genus _Hamptophryne_ <small>Carvalho, 1954</small>
    - genus _Hypopachus_ <small>Keferstein, 1867</small>
    - genus _Myersiella_ <small>Carvalho, 1954</small>
    - genus _Stereocyclops_ <small>Cope, 1870</small>
- subfamily Hoplophryninae <small>Noble, 1931</small>
    - genus _Hoplophryne_ <small>Barbour & Loveridge, 1928</small>
    - genus _Parhoplophryne_ <small>Barbour & Loveridge, 1928</small>
- subfamily Kalophryninae <small>Mivart, 1869</small>
    - genus _Kalophrynus_ <small>Tschudi, 1838</small>
- subfamily Melanobatrachinae <small>Noble, 1931</small>
    - genus _Melanobatrachus_ <small>Beddome, 1878</small>
- subfamily Microhylinae <small>Günther, 1858</small>
    - genus _Glyphoglossus_ <small>Gunther, 1869 "1868"</small>
    - genus _Kaloula_ <small>Gray, 1831</small>
    - genus _Metaphrynella_ <small>Parker, 1934</small>
    - genus _Microhyla_ <small>Tschudi, 1838</small>
    - genus _Micryletta_ <small>Dubois, 1987</small>
    - genus _Mysticellus_ <small>Sonali & Biju, 2019</small>
    - genus _Nanohyla_
    - genus _Phrynella_ <small>Boulenger, 1887</small>
    - genus _Uperodon_ <small>Duméril & Bibron, 1841</small>
- subfamily Otophryninae <small>Wassersug & Pyburn, 1987</small>
    - genus _Otophryne_ <small>Boulenger, 1900</small>
    - genus _Synapturanus_ <small>Carvalho, 1954</small>
- subfamily Phrynomerinae <small>Noble, 1931</small>
    - genus _Phrynomantis_ <small>Peters, 1867</small>
- subfamily Scaphiophryninae <small>Laurent, 1946</small>
    - genus _Paradoxophyla_ <small>Blommers-Schlösser & Blanc, 1991</small>
    - genus _Scaphiophryne_ <small>Boulenger, 1882</small>

## Range

Frogs from Microhylidae live throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of North America, South America, Africa, eastern India, Sri Lanka, south-east Asia, through New Guinea and Australia. Although most are found in tropical or sub-tropical regions, a few species can be found in arid or non-tropical areas. They are the majority frog species in New Guinea and Madagascar.