House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The **House of Commons** is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is made up of Members of Parliament elected by the people. Sometimes it is called the 'lower house'. (The 'upper house' is called the House of Lords.) Other countries also have a bicameral parliament with a House of Commons working in the same way.

In the British parliament, there are 650 Members of Parliament or MPs. Each MP represents a constituency, which covers an area of the country. The people of each constituency vote at a general election or a by-election to choose one person to represent them in the House of Commons. Usually, the people choose someone who belongs to a political party. When all the parties get together, the party or coalition with the most members is the government and runs the country. The leader of that party is called the Prime Minister.

The House of Commons hold their meetings in the Palace of Westminster.  Their chief officer is the Speaker of the House, who is elected by MPs. The current Speaker is Lindsay Hoyle, who was elected in 2019. The Clerk of the House of Commons is the Principal Adviser to the Speaker. The Serjeant-at-Arms is in charge of the security.

## Election results since 1945

|rowspan="2"|Year|Width="100px"|Conservative|Width="100px"|Labour|Width="100px"|Liberal & SDP|Width="100px"|SNP|rowspan="2"|Others|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|**1945**|197|style="background:#fcc"|**393**|12|0|38||||||
|**1950**|298|style="background:#fcc"|**315**|9|0|3||||||
|**1951**|style="background:#def"|**321**|295|6|0|3||||||
|**1955**|style="background:#def"|**345**|277|6|0|8||||||
|**1959**|style="background:#def"|**365**|258|6|0|1||||||
|**1964**|304|style="background:#fcc"|**317**|9|0|0||||||
|**1966**|253|style="background:#fcc"|**364**|12|0|1||||||
|**1970**|style="background:#def"|**330**|288|6|1|5||||||
|**1974**|297|style="background:#fcc"|**301**|14|7|16||||||
|**1974**|277|style="background:#fcc"|**319**|13|11|15||||||
|**1979**|style="background:#def"|**339**|269|11|2|14||||||
|**1983**|style="background:#def"|**397**|209|23|2|19||||||
|**1987**|style="background:#def"|**376**|229|22|3|21||||||

|rowspan="2"|Year|Width="70px"|Conservative|Width="70px"|Labour|Width="70px"|Lib Dems|Width="70px"|SNP|Width="70px"|Reform|rowspan="2"|Others|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|**1992**|style="background:#def"|**336**|271|20|3|0|21|||||||
|**1997**|165|style="background:#fcc"|**418**|46|6|0|24|||||||
|**2001**|166|style="background:#fcc"|**413**|52|5|0|23|||||||
|**2005**|198|style="background:#fcc"|**355**|62|4|0|23|||||||
|**2010**|style="background:#def"|**306**|258|style="background:#ffe5b4"|**57**|6|0|23||||||
|**2015**|style="background:#def"|**330**|232|8|56|0|24|||||||
|**2017**|style="background:#def"|**317**|262|12|35|0|24|||||||
|**2019**|style="background:#def"|**365**|202|11|48|0|24|||||||
|**2024**|121|style="background:#fcc"|**411**|72|9|5|32|||||||

## Infobox (legislature)

- **name**: House of Commons
- **legislature**: List of MPs elected in the 2024 United Kingdom general election, 59th Parliament
- **coa res**: 250px
- **coa caption**: Logo of the House of Commons
- **logo pic**: Flag House of Commons.svgborder
- **logo res**: 275px
- **logo alt**: Logo
- **logo caption**: Logo of the House of Commons
- **coa-pic**: Green Portcullis of the House of Commons
- **session room**: House of Commons Chamber 1.png
- **session res**: 300px
- **house type**: Lower house
- **body**: Parliament of the UK
- **leader1 type**: Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom), Speaker
- **leader1**: Lindsay Hoyle, Sir Lindsay Hoyle
- **election1**: 4 November 2019
- **leader2 type**: Chairman of Ways and Means
- **leader2**: Nus Ghani
- **party2**: Conservative
- **election2**: since 23 July 2024
- **leader3 type**: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Prime Minister
- **leader3**: Keir Starmer, Sir Keir Starmer
- **party3**: Labour
- **election3**: 5 July 2024
- **leader4 type**: Leader of the House of Commons, Leader of the House
- **leader4**: Lucy Powell
- **party4**: Labour
- **election4**: 5 July 2024
- **leader5 type**: Chief Whip of the Labour Party, Government Chief Whip
- **leader5**: Alan Campbell (politician), Sir Alan Campbell
- **party5**: Labour
- **election5**: 5 July 2024
- **leader6 type**: Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom), Leader of the Opposition
- **leader6**: Kemi Badenoch
- **election6**: 5 July 2024
- **party6**: Conservative
- **leader7 type**: Shadow Leader of the House of Commons, Shadow Leader of the House
- **leader7**: Chris Philp
- **party7**: Conservative
- **election7**: 8 July 2024
- **leader8 type**: Chief Whip of the Conservative Party, Opposition Chief Whip
- **leader8**: Stuart Andrew
- **party8**: Conservative
- **election8**: 5 July 2024
- **members**: 650
- **structure1**: House of Commons UK.svg
- **structure1 res**: 300
- **political groups1**: **Government of the United Kingdom, HM Government**
  **HM Most Loyal Opposition**
  **Other opposition**
  **Absentionists**  **Presiding officer**
- **term length**: Up to five years
- **last election1**: 2024 United Kingdom general election, 4 July 2024
- **next election1**: Next United Kingdom general election, No later than 15 August 2029
- **voting system1**: First-past-the-post voting, First-past-the-post
- **redistricting**: Every eight years, proposed by the Boundary commissions (United Kingdom), boundary commissions
- **meeting place**: House of Commons chamber
Palace of Westminster
City of Westminster
London, England
United Kingdom
- **logo**: House of Commons logo 2020.svg