juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Agriculture in the State of Palestine

**Agriculture in Palestine** plays a vital role in Palestine’s economy. It provides food for the population and contributes to exports. According to the Council for European Palestinian Relations, the agricultural sector employs about 13.4% of the workforce formally and 90% informally.During the late 2000s, rising unemployment made agriculture one of the poorest sectors, with joblessness in the Gaza Strip peaking at 41% in 2008.
The World Bank reports that Palestinian agriculture faces challenges due to large areas of land being used for nature reserves, military zones, and Israeli settlements. Since much of the Israel–Palestine conflict centers around land, these disputes strongly affect Palestinian agriculture.

## History

After the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel l’s occupation of the West Bank initially encouraged agricultural growth. Under Moshe Dayan’s leadership, agricultural productivity rose by about 16% each year, and farmers were allowed to cultivate previously unused land. However, in 1976, policies shifted. By 1979, the new Likud government ended incentives for Palestinian farmers, viewing local agriculture as an obstacle to annexing unused land. Water quotas for Palestinian farms were gradually cut, forcing many farmers to abandon their fields and work as laborers in Israel. By 1985, cultivated land in the West Bank had fallen by 40%.

Trade also became more restricted. By 1984, Palestinian exports to Israel required licenses, and access to European markets was limited. Since Israel did not produce olive products, Palestine became dependent on Israeli goods while facing restrictions on its own exports. Palestinian agriculture also faced internal challenges: many farmers were sharecroppers, giving up to half their profits to landlords, middlemen took most of the earnings, and weak marketing systems further reduced farmers’ income.

### Gaza war

During the Gaza war, agriculture in the Gaza Strip suffered severe destruction due to Israeli bombings and attacks.  In June 2024, UNOSAT (the UN’s satellite imagery agency) reported that 57% of Gaza’s permanent crop fields had shown major declines in vegetation density and health.  The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) noted that this damage severely undermined Gaza’s food sovereignty.
By July 28, 2025, Un data indicated that 86%—around 13,000 hectares (32,000 acres)—of Gaza’s farmland had been destroyed, leaving only about 1.5% usable by Palestinians. Before the war, agriculture made up roughly 10% of Gaza’s economy and was a vital source of income and food. FAO had already described Gaza’s agricultural situation as alarming in May 2020, warning that it was contributing to worsening famine conditions in the region.
Bahia forest frog

The **Bahia forest frog** (_Odontophrynus alipioi_) is a frog. Scientists used to say it was the only frog in _Macrogenioglottus_, and they called it _Macrogenioglottus alipioi_.  This frog lives in Brazil.

## Home

This frog digs in the ground. Scientists saw it in forests that were never cut down and forests that were cut down but have been growing back for a long time. They also found it on some tree farms, for example cacao farms that use shade. Scientists saw the frog between 0 and 600 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw the frog in protected places.

## Young

This frog has many young at the same time. It has young after heavy rain.

## Danger

The IUCN says that this frog is not in danger of dying out. Human beings do change the places where the frog lives by changing forests to farms, tree farms, cities, and places for animals to eat grass. Scientists think that shady cacao farms are not a danger to the frog.
Karpe

**Karpe** (also known **Karpe Diem** until 2018) is a Norwegian rap group from Oslo, Norway, formed in 2000. The group consists of Magdi Omar Ytreeide Abdelmaguid and Chirag Rashmikant Patel. Karpe has released five albums and won several prestigious musical awards.

Karpe debuted with the album _Rett fra Hjerte_ in 2009. Their breakthrough came in 2010 with their album _Aldri solgt en løgn_. Both this and their later albums were well received by critics, while singles like _Toyota’n til Magdi_, _Påfugl_, and _Lett å være rebell i kjellerleiligheten din_ reached platinum status on Norwegian charts.

## Biography

Magdi Omar Ytreeide Abdelmaguid, who has both Egyptian and Norwegian heritage, was born on June 3, 1984, in Oslo to an Egyptian father and a Norwegian mother from Stryn in Sogn og Fjordane.

Chirag Rashmikant Patel, of Indian descent, was born on July 20, 1984, in Lørenskog. His father, of Indian origin, immigrated from Uganda, and Chirag was raised in Oslo. His mother comes from Anand, India.https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karpe_(musikkgruppe))

## Publications

- Glasskår (EP), 2004
- Rett fra hjertet, 2006
- Fire vegger, 2008
- Aldri solgt en løgn, 2010
- Kors på halsen, ti kniver i hjertet, mor og far i døden, 2012
- Heisann Montebello, 2016
- MARS (EP, sammen med Arif og Unge Ferrari), 2018
- SAS PLUS / SAS POSSY (EP), 2019
- Omar Sheriff, 2022
Kristin Harila

**Kristin Harila** (born 28 March 1986) is a female mountaineer, she comes from Vestre Jakobselv in Vadsø, Norway.

She and Tenjen Sherpa (d. 2023) climbed between the peaks of Lhotse and Mount Everest, in 8 hours.

In 2023, she climbed (to the top, of) the 14 highest mountains in the world in 92 days.

Her team did spend  Norwegian kroner 15 million, in regard to expenses for mountain climbing and transportation; Helicopters have been used.

When she climbed the mountain K2, she faced a lot of backlash for leaving a sherpa, who had fallen down a rope, behind to die  She later defended herself in an interview with ITV News where she said she ordered her team to not step over him and try to help him instead. She mentioned that not only her team tried to help him, but several teams after her. It was really hard considering that the accident happened at the crux of the mountain called The Bottleneck. She also mentioned that the conditions were hard and also hard packed ice.

## Background

Kristin grew up in Vadsø, Norway. She did cross country skiing as a sport, which demands endurance and good condition. She studied psychology and studied at Norwegian School of Sport Sciences in Oslo. She also lived in Tromsø for some years working at Skeidar, a chain of furniture stores, as a department manager and later as Head of retail operations.

## Sources

- Kristin Harila and empty records (2023-08-01) El Pais
Nikola Pilić

**Nikola Pilić** (27 August 1939 – 22 September 2025), also known as **Niki Pilić**, was a Croatian professional tennis player. He played for SFR Yugoslavia. Pilić was one of the Handsome Eight. Pilić was listed world No. 6 in January 1968 and world No. 7 for 1967 by Lance Tingay of _The Daily Telegraph_.

Pilić died in Rijeka, Croatia on 22 September 2025 at the age of 86.

## Infobox (tennis biography)

- **name**: Nikola Pilić
- **full name**: Nikola Pilić
- **image**: Nikola Pilić 1975.jpg
- **caption**: Pilić at the 1975 Dutch Open (tennis), 1975 Dutch Open
- **birth place**: Split, Croatia, Split, Banovina of Croatia, Kingdom of Yugoslavia
- **death place**: Rijeka, Croatia
- **turnedpro**: 1968 (amateur tour from 1960)
- **retired**: 1978
- **plays**: Left-handed (one-handed backhand)
- **singlesrecord**: 270–201
- **singlestitles**: 9
- **highestsinglesranking**: No. 6 (1968, The Daily Telegraph, Lance Tingay)
- **australianopenresult**: 3R (1970 Australian Open – Men's singles, 1970)
- **frenchopenresult**: F (1973 French Open – Men's singles, 1973)
- **wimbledonresult**: SF (1967 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles, 1967)
- **usopenresult**: QF (1973 US Open – Men's singles, 1973)
- **promajors**: yes
- **usproresult**: QF (U.S. Pro Tennis Championships, 1968)
- **frenchproresult**: QF (French Pro Championship, 1968)
- **wembleyproresult**: QF (Wembley Championships, 1968)
- **doublesrecord**: 143–134 (Open era)
- **doublestitles**: 6
- **australianopendoublesresult**: QF (1970)
- **frenchopendoublesresult**: 4R (1969, 1976–77)
- **wimbledondoublesresult**: F (1962)
- **usopendoublesresult**: **W** (1970)
- **medaltemplates-expand**: yes
Alexander Dityatin

**Aleksandr Nikolaevich Dityatin** (7 August 1957 – October 2025) was a Russian gymnast and three-time Olympic champion. He won eight medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He set the record for winning the most medals of any type at a single Olympic Games.

Dityatin died in October 2025, at the age of 68.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **name**: Aleksandr Dityatin
- **birth place**: Saint Petersburg, Leningrad, Russian SFSR, USSR
- **discipline**: MAG
- **show-medals**: Yes
Yvonne Brewster

**Yvonne Jones Brewster**  (; 7 October 1938 – 12 October 2025) was a Jamaican actress, theatre director, producer and writer. She was a co-founder of Talawa Theatre Company. From 2000 to 2001, Brewster played Ruth Harding on the BBC television soap opera _Doctors_.

Brewster died on 12 October 2025, one week after her 87th birthday.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Yvonne Brewster
- **image**: Yvonne Brewster portrait.jpg
- **birth name**: Yvonne Clarke
- **birth place**: Kingston, Jamaica
Kęstutis Šapka

**Kęstutis Šapka** (15 November 1949 – 11 October 2025) was a Lithuanian high jumper. He represented the Soviet Union. He was inspired to become a professional high jumper after the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico.

Šapka died on 11 October 2025 in Vilnius, Lithuania at the age of 75.

## Infobox (sportsperson)

- **image**: Kęstutis Šapka 1972.jpg
- **nationality**: Lithuanian
- **birth place**: Vilnius, Lithuanian SSR, USSR
- **death place**: Vilnius, Lithuania
- **height**: 191 cm
- **weight**: 85 kg
- **sport**: Athletics
- **event**: High jump
- **pb**: 2.25 m (1974)
- **club**: Dynamo (sports society), Dynamo Vilnius
- **show-medals**: yes
Zorro (Spanish TV series)

***Zorro*** is a Spanish action adventure television series that originally aired on Amazon Prime Video on January 19, 2024.

## Infobox (television)

- **creator**: Carlos Portela
- **country**: Spain
- **language**: Spanish
- **num seasons**: 1
- **num episodes**: 10
- **runtime**: 52 minutes
- **network**: Amazon Prime Video
Musée Maillol

The **Musée Maillol** is an art museum located in the 7th arrondissement, at 59-61 Rue de Grenelle in Paris.

## History

In 1964, Dina Vierny donated Aristide Maillol's monumental sculptures to the state. Minister of Culture André Malraux installed them outdoors in the Tuileries. That same year, Dina created a foundation whose aim was to promote Aristide Maillol's work to the public.

The museum was founded by Dina Vierny in 1995. On January 20, 1995, the Maillol Museum opened in a mansion in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, the Hôtel Bouchardon. The renovation, led by Dina Vierny and the architect Pierre Devinoy, took more than fifteen years. During this time, she renovated the basement to house the restaurant that had housed the Cabaret La Fontaine des Quatre-Saisons since 1951, opened by Les Frères Jacques and Pierre Prévert.

The Maillol Museum covers approximately 4,250 m². In addition to the galleries dedicated to Maillol's work and the permanent collections, there are also rooms for temporary exhibitions.

In February 2015, the institution entered a crisis following the legal liquidation of the company Tecniarte, which had organized all the gallery's exhibitions since Dina Vierny's death in 2009. The exhibition "_Le Baiser dans l'art: from the Renaissance to the Present_", scheduled to open on March 25, 2015, was officially postponed.

In 2016, the museum resumed its activities with a program commissioned by Culturespaces (Engie), which ended its contract in 2020.

In 2021, the museum's reopening was directly managed by Dina Vierny's heirs, with the support of the Belgian cultural institution Tempora.

## Other websites

- Musée Maillol

## Infobox (museum)

- **name**: Musée Maillol
- **image**: Musée Maillol Paris 7e 001.jpg
- **location**: Musée Maillol, 75007 Paris, France
- **type**: Art museum
- **publictransit**: * Rue du Bac (Paris Métro), Rue du Bac
- **website**: [https://museemaillol.com/ museemaillol.com]
D'Angelo

**Michael Eugene Archer** (February 11, 1974 – October 14, 2025), better known by his stage name **D'Angelo**  (), was an American musician, singer-songwriter and record producer.

D'Angelo became well known for co-producing the single "U Will Know" for R&B supergroup Black Men United. His first studio album, _Brown Sugar_ came out in 1995. It was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His third single, "Lady", reached the top ten on the _Billboard_ Hot 100.

D'Angelo won three Grammy Awards: one in 2001, another in 2016 and his last one in 2017.

D'Angelo died from pancreatic cancer while under hospice care in New York City on October 14, 2025 at the age of 51.

## Other websites

- D'Angelo on imeem

## Infobox (person)

- **child**: yes
- **works**: D'Angelo discography


## Infobox (person)

- **child**: yes
- **children**: 3


## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: D'Angelo
- **image**: D'Angelo Pori Jazz 2012 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: D'Angelo performing in Finland 2012
- **birth name**: Michael Eugene Archer
- **birth place**: Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **years active**: 1991–2025
Kenny Sansom

**Kenneth Graham Sansom** (born 26 September 1958) is a former English professional footballer. He played as a left-back. He played for the England national football team from 1979 to 1988. He is the second most capped England national team full-back. He appeared 86 times for his country.

He played for clubs such as Crystal Palace, Arsenal, Newcastle United, Coventry City, Queens Park Rangers, Everton and Watford.

In May 2020, Sanwom was hospitalized for an unknown illness. It was revealed six months later that he was diagnosed with a type of dementia.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Kenny Sansom
- **image**: Kenny Sansom April 2011 TB.jpg
- **caption**: Sansom in 2011
- **full name**: Kenneth Graham Sansom
- **birth place**: Camberwell, London, England
- **height**: 1.73 m
- **position**: Left-back
- **youthclubs1**: Crystal Palace F.C. Under-21s and Academy, Crystal Palace
- **years1**: 1975–1980
- **clubs1**: Crystal Palace F.C., Crystal Palace
- **caps1**: 172
- **goals1**: 3
- **years2**: 1980–1988
- **clubs2**: Arsenal F.C., Arsenal
- **caps2**: 314
- **goals2**: 6
- **years3**: 1988–1989
- **clubs3**: Newcastle United F.C., Newcastle United
- **caps3**: 20
- **goals3**: 0
- **years4**: 1989–1991
- **clubs4**: Queens Park Rangers F.C., Queens Park Rangers
- **caps4**: 64
- **goals4**: 0
- **years5**: 1991–1993
- **clubs5**: Coventry City F.C., Coventry City
- **caps5**: 51
- **goals5**: 0
- **years6**: 1993
- **clubs6**: Everton F.C., Everton
- **caps6**: 7
- **goals6**: 1
- **years7**: 1993
- **clubs7**: Brentford F.C., Brentford
- **caps7**: 8
- **goals7**: 0
- **years8**: 1994
- **clubs8**: Watford F.C., Watford
- **caps8**: 1
- **goals8**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 637
- **totalgoals**: 10
- **nationalyears1**: 1974
- **nationalteam1**: English Schools' Football Association, England Schoolboys
- **nationalcaps1**: 7
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
- **nationalyears2**: 1977
- **nationalteam2**: England national under-18 football team, England Youth
- **nationalcaps2**: 5
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 1978–1980
- **nationalteam3**: England national under-21 football team, England U21
- **nationalcaps3**: 8
- **nationalgoals3**: 0
- **nationalyears4**: 1978–1979
- **nationalteam4**: England B national football team, England B
- **nationalcaps4**: 2
- **nationalgoals4**: 0
- **nationalyears5**: 1979–1988
- **nationalteam5**: England national football team, England
- **nationalcaps5**: 86
- **nationalgoals5**: 1
Rosy bee-eater

The **rosy bee-eater** (***Merops malimbicus***) is a species of bird in the genetic family Meropidae. The rosy bee-eater is found in the countries of Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo.

## Taxonomy

English naturalist George Shaw first described the rosy bee-eater in 1806 as _Merops malimbicus_. This type of rosy bee-eater is from Malimbe, Cabinda in Angola. Lots of small studies say that this species is most closely related to the two other bee-eaters. These are the white-throated bee-eater (_Merops albicollis_) and the northern carmine bee-eater (_M. nubicus_).

## Description

The adult rosy bee-eater is a distinctively colored bird. The rosy bee-eater grows to a length of  with tail-streamers adding  to its length. The rosy bee-eater  weighs about . Both sexes look similar. The forehead and crown of the head are dark grey. The mask of the face is black and the chin and cheek are white. The mantle is black and the wings and back are slate-grey. The rump is paler grey. The tail is carmine, gradually getting whiter to grey. The throat and underparts are bright pink and the  covert feathers under the tail are grey. The undersides of the flight feathers and large tail feathers are glossy black. The beak is black and the eyes are reddish-brown. The legs are yellowish-brown. The young rosy bee-eaters are similar in coloring to the adults, but paler. Many of the feathers of the young rosy bee-eater have pale edges.

## Ecology

Like other bee-eaters, the rosy bee-eater feeds on insects that it catches in the air. The rosy bee-eater looks for food in various habitats. It sometimes looks for food close to the surface of water bodies. Other times it looks in savannas and woodlands, or above the canopies of forests. While doing this, it sometimes flies up to a pretty high height. A large part of the rosy bee-eater's diet is flying ants, but these birds also feed on other insects. They can also eat bees, butterflies, dragonflies, grasshoppers, flies and beetles.  Flocks that are all looking for food may be very large and birds may dip into the water during flight to bathe. Nesting takes place on raised beaches and sandbars of large rivers. These spots are usually created by falling water levels. Holes are dug with the feet and passages may be  or so long. Only a few colonies are known but these may be very large.  The colonies have estimated nest counts of 8,000 to 27,300 or more.  The nests in colonies have a density of about two nesting holes per square metre. The colony may nest in the same location for multiple years.  However, the nests that have been rained on during the rainy season need to be re-dug.
Blue cuckooshrike

The **blue cuckooshrike** (***Cyanograucalus azureus***) is a species of bird in the genetic family Campephagidae. This is the Cuckooshirke family.
The blue cuckooshrike is found in a lot of places across the African tropical rainforest.  These places range from Sierra Leone and Liberia to eastern and south-western Democratic Republic of Congo.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests. Its habitats are also subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

The blue cuckooshrike species used to be placed in the genus _Coracina_. A phylogenetic based in things like RNA and DNA was conducted. It found the genus _Coracina_ was non-monophyletic. In making monophyletic genera, the blue cuckooshrike was regrouped. The blue cuckooshrike is the only species placed in the remade genus ***Cyanograucalus***.

## Other websites

- Image at ADW
White-shouldered starling

The **white-shouldered starling** (***Sturnia sinensis***) is a species of bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It has children in southern China and northern Vietnam. It winters in Southeast Asia.

## Taxonomy

The white-shouldered starling was described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin. This was in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's book, _Systema Naturae_. He placed it with the orioles in the genus _Oriolus._ He also coined the binomial name _Oriolus sinensis_. The specific epithet _sinensis_ is Modern Latin for "Chinese". Gmelin based his description on "Le Kink" from China. "Le Kink" had been described in 1775 by the French polymath the Comte de Buffon. This was in his _Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux_. A hand-coloured engraving by François-Nicolas Martinet was went with Buffon's text.

The white-shouldered starling was formerly placed in the genus _Sturnus_. A molecular phylogenetic study found the genus was polyphyletic. This study caused a reorganization to create monotypic genera. The white-shouldered starling was one of five starlings who were moved to the remade genus _Sturnia._ This genus had been made in 1837 by René Lesson. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.

## Description

The white-shouldered starling has blue eyes, a grey bill, and a white patch on the shoulder. The adult male has a light brown head and breast and a white belly. The adult female is darker brown on the back and belly. This bird is usually found in large flocks.

## Distribution and habitat

The bird can be found in Asian countries including Brunei, Cambodia, China, and India. It can also be found in Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, and Myanmar. Lastly, it can be found in Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The white-shouldered starling can be called the gray-backed myna, Chinese myna, Chinese starling, or Mandarin myna.

## Conservation status

The conservation status of the white-shouldered starling is that of "Least Concern".

## References

- BirdLife International 2004. Sturnus sinensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 24 July 2007.
Wicked: For Good

***Wicked: For Good*** is a 2025 American musical fantasy movie directed by Jon M. Chu and made by Universal Pictures. The sequel to _Wicked_ (2024), which is based on the stage musical _Wicked_ by Stephen Schwartz and Winnie Holzman, and the 1995 book by Gregory Maguire.

The movie stars Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba and Ariana Grande as Glinda. Other actors include Jonathan Bailey, Ethan Slater, Bowen Yang, Marissa Bode, Michelle Yeoh, and Jeff Goldblum.

The film’s music is by Stephen Schwartz, with the score by John Powell.
_Wicked: For Good_ was released in the United States on November 21, 2025, after premiering in São Paulo, Brazil, on November 4, 2025.

## Plot

The story continues after the events of _Wicked_. It follows Elphaba and Glinda as they deal with the changes in Oz after the fall of the Wizard. The movie will show how friendship, courage, and kindness affect their world.

### Development

Plans for a _Wicked_ movie started many years after the musical became successful on Broadway. In 2021, Jon M. Chu was chosen as director.
In 2022, it was announced that the movie would be split into two parts so that more of the story and songs could be included.

### Filming

Filming took place in the United Kingdom from 2022 to 2024, with cinematography by Alice Brooks.
Myron Kerstein edited the movie.

## Music

The film features both classic songs from the musical and new music by Stephen Schwartz. The score is composed by John Powell.

## Release

_Wicked: For Good_ will be released on November 21, 2025, in the United States by Universal Pictures.

## Other Websites

- Official website

## Infobox (film)

- **image**:
- **director**: Jon M. Chu
- **cinematography**: Alice Brooks
- **editing**: Myron Kerstein
- **distributor**: Universal Pictures
- **runtime**: 137 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English
- **budget**: $150 million
- **gross**: $527.8 million
Lap dog

A **lap dog** or **lapdog** is a dog that is small enough to sit in someone's lap and is friendly. _Lapdog_ is not a specific type of dog, but rather a word for a type of dog that is small and friendly towards humans.

## Infobox (dogbreed)

- **name**: Lapdog
- **image**: Louis-Michel van Loo Princess Ekaterina Dmitrievna Golitsyna.jpg
- **image caption**: Princess Ekaterina Golitsyna, Ekaterina Dmitrievna Golitsyna with a Pug, 1759.
Peter Safran

**Peter Safran** (born 22 November 1965) is a British and American film producer, studio executive, and talent manager. He currently serves as the co-chairperson and co-CEO of DC Studios alongside James Gunn.
Zoë Wicomb

**Zoë Charlotte Wicomb** (23 November 1948 – 13 October 2025) was a South African author and academic. In 2013, she was awarded the first Windham–Campbell Literature Prize for her fiction. She was known for her 1987 work _You Can't Get Lost in Cape Town_. Wicomb was born in Western Cape, South Africa.

Wicomb died on 13 October 2025 at a hospital in Glasgow, Scotland from a pulmonary embolism at the age of 76.

## Other websites

- "Author details: Zoe Wicomb" , Scottish Book Trust.
- Bharati Mukherjee, "They Never Wanted To Be Themselves" (review), _The New York Times_, 24 May 1987."They Never Wanted To Be Themselves", _The New York Times_, 24 May 1987.
- "Fourteen New Short Stories from Zoë Wicomb: The One That Got Away" , Umuzi @ _Sunday Times Books LIVE_, 16 July 2008.
Miss Major Griffin-Gracy

**Miss Major Griffin-Gracy** (October 25, 1946 – October 13, 2025), sometimes known as **Miss Major**, was an American author, activist and community organizer. She was known for her activism of transgender rights. She was the first executive director for the Transgender Gender Variant Intersex Justice Project.

## Activism

Griffin-Gracy moved to New York City during her twenties and would go to the Stonewall Inn many times. She was there on the first night of the 1969 Stonewall rebellion. She spent years in prison and on parole, including after Stonewall, when she received a five-year sentence following a robbery arrest.

Griffin-Gracy began work in community services after moving to San Diego in 1978. She worked at a food bank and then in direct community services for trans women. She later focused on home health care during the AIDS epidemic in the United States. In the 1990s, Griffin-Gracy moved to the San Francisco Bay Area, and worked with multiple HIV/AIDS organizations.

Over twenty years, Griffin-Gracy was homeless and mostly found hormones through the black market.

## Personal life and death

Griffin-Gracy was born on October 25, 1946 in Chicago, Illinois as a male.

Griffin-Gracy had five sons. Her oldest son was born in 1978, and she later adopted three more sons. In January 2021, Griffin-Gracy and her partner announced the birth of their son.

Griffin-Gracy died under hospice care at her home in Little Rock, Arkansas, on October 13, 2025 at the age of 78. Before her death, she was being treated for sepsis and a blood clot.

## Other websites

- Read an Excerpt from _The Right Side of History: 100 Years or LGBTQI Activism_: Miss Major Griffin-Gracy's Reflections on the Stonewall Riots (_Lambda Literary Review_, July 21, 2015)
- Miss Major Griffin-Gracy (Interviewed by Mason Funk, July 27, 2016, _OutWords_)
- Black Trans Women Seek More Space in the Movement They Helped Start (_New York Times_, June 28, 2020)

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Miss Major Griffin-Gracy
- **image**: MissMajorCropped.png
- **alt**: photograph
- **caption**: Miss Major in 2014
- **birth place**: Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
- **death place**: Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S.
- **death cause**: Problems caused by sepsis and blood clots
- **occupation**: Activist and author
- **organization**: Transgender Gender Variant Intersex Justice Project
- **known for**: Transgender rights activism
- **children**: 5
- **notable works**: _Miss Major Speaks: Conversations with a Black Trans Revolutionary_
Christine Jorgensen

**Christine Jorgensen** (; May 30, 1926 – May 3, 1989), was an American actress, singer and transgender activist. She was a trans woman. She was the first person to become widely known in the United States for having sex reassignment surgery.

## Sex change surgery

In 1944, Jorgensen was drafted into the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, she taught some classes and wanted to start a photography career. During this time, she learned about sex reassignment surgery and traveled to Europe, where in Copenhagen, Denmark, she got special permission to have the surgery in 1951. Her parents were supportive of the surgery.

In 1959 she announced her engagement to typist Howard J. Knox in Massapequa Park, New York. However, the couple were unable to get a marriage license, because Jorgensen's birth certificate had her as male. In a report about the broken engagement, _The New York Times_ reported that Knox had lost his job in Washington, D.C. when his engagement to Jorgensen became known.

Her 1967 autobiography _Christine Jorgensen: A Personal Autobiography_ sold almost 450,000 copies. Throughout her career, she gave lectures at colleges and universities about transexuality.

## Death

Jorgensen died of bladder and lung cancer on May 3, 1989 in San Clemente, California at the age of 62.

## Other websites

- BBC article about Christine Jorgensen, November 2012
- GLTBQ.com article: Christine Jorgensen
- Christine Jorgensen Website, with newsreel footage, songs, and other performances
- Christine Jorgensen , A Transsexual Media Sensation, Transgender Zone Media Archives.
- Christine Jorgensen Collection  at the Digital Transgender Archive

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Christine Jorgensen
- **image**: Christine Jorgensen 1954.jpg
- **caption**: Jorgensen in 1954
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **death place**: San Clemente, California, U.S.
- **education**: Mohawk Valley Community College, The Progressive School of Photography, Manhattan Medical and Dental Assistant School
- **occupation**: Actress, night club singer, recording artist
- **known for**: Pioneering gender reassignment
- **signature**: Signature of Christine Jorgensen.svg
D'Angelo (disambiguation)

**D'Angelo** can be

## People with the name

- D'Angelo (d. 2025), an American musician.
- D'Angelo Dinero (born 1978), ring name of American professional wrestler Elijah Burke
- D'Angelo Jiménez (born 1977), Dominican-born Major League Baseball player
- D'Angelo Ponds, American football player
- D'Angelo Russell (born 1996), American NBA Player
- D'Angelo Wallace (born 1998), American YouTuber

### Last name

**D'Angelo** (also spelled **DiAngelo** or **Di Angelo**).

- Adam D'Angelo (b. 1984), American internet entrepreneur
- Andrew D'Angelo (b. 1965), American jazz musician
- Angelo D'Angelo (b. 1985), Italian footballer
- Beverly D'Angelo (b. 1951), American actress
- Carlo D'Angelo (d. 1973), Italian actor
- Charlene (singer), full name Charlene Marilynn D'Angelo (b. 1950), American singer
- Charles D'Angelo (b. 1985), American personal development coach
- Chico d'Ângelo (b. 1953), Brazilian politician
- Ernesto Pérez d'Angelo (d. 2013), Chilean paleontologist
- Eduardo D'Angelo (d. 2015), Uruguayan actor
- Francesco d'Angelo (d. 1488), Italian sculptor
- Frank D'Angelo (b. 1959), Canadian beverage industry entrepreneur
- Gianna D'Angelo (d. 2013), American soprano
- Gianfranco D'Angelo (d. 2021), Italian actor
- Giuseppe D'Angelo, some people
    - Giuseppe D'Angelo
- D'Angelo (surname)

## Other uses

- D'Angelo Barksdale, fictional character in the HBO drama _The Wire_
- D'Angelo Grilled Sandwiches, American sandwich restaurant chain

## Related pages

- DeAngelo (disambiguation)
Plainfield, Wisconsin

**Plainfield** is a village in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 924 at the 2020 census. The village is known for being the home of serial killer Ed Gein.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **name**: Plainfield, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: Village
- **image skyline**: File:Plainfield.jpg
- **image caption**: Downtown Plainfield in July 2024
- **image map**: File:Waushara County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Plainfield Highlighted.svg
- **map caption**: Location of Plainfield in Waushara County, Wisconsin.
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Waushara County, Wisconsin, Waushara
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 4.03
- **area land km2**: 4.03
- **area water km2**: 0.00
- **area total sq mi**: 1.56
- **area land sq mi**: 1.56
- **area water sq mi**: 0.00
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 924
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **population density km2**: auto
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation m**: 338
- **postal code type**: ZIP code
- **area code type**: North American Numbering Plan, Area code
- **area code**: Area codes 715 and 534, 715 & 534
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-63175
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1571576
Wautoma, Wisconsin

**Wautoma** is a city in and the county seat of Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,209 at the 2020 census.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Wautoma, Wisconsin
- **settlement type**: City
- **image skyline**: WautomaWisconsinDowntown1WIS21.jpg
- **image caption**: Looking west at downtown Wautoma, Wisconsin
- **image map**: File:Waushara County Wisconsin Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Wautoma Highlighted.svg
- **mapsize**: 250px
- **map caption**: Location of Wautoma in Waushara County, Wisconsin.
- **pushpin map**: Wisconsin#USA
- **pushpin label**: Wautoma
- **pushpin relief**: yes
- **subdivision type**: List of sovereign states, Country
- **subdivision type1**: U.S. state, State
- **subdivision type2**: List of counties in Wisconsin, County
- **subdivision name2**: Waushara County, Wisconsin, Waushara
- **unit pref**: Imperial
- **area total km2**: 7.34
- **area land km2**: 7.23
- **area water km2**: 0.11
- **area total sq mi**: 2.83
- **area land sq mi**: 2.79
- **area water sq mi**: 0.04
- **population as of**: 2020 United States census, 2020
- **population total**: 2209
- **population density km2**: auto
- **population density sq mi**: auto
- **timezone**: North American Central Time Zone, Central (CST)
- **utc offset**: -6
- **timezone dst**: CDT
- **utc offset dst**: -5
- **elevation ft**: 863
- **postal code type**: ZIP Code
- **postal code**: 54982
- **area code**: Area code 920, 920
- **blank name**: Federal Information Processing Standards, FIPS code
- **blank info**: 55-84625
- **blank1 name**: Geographic Names Information System, GNIS feature ID
- **blank1 info**: 1576330
- **website**: http://www.cityofwautoma.com/
John Boy and Billy

**John Isley** (born August 15, 1956) and **Billy James** (born August 31, 1957), known as **John Boy & Billy**, are American radio hosts based in Charlotte, North Carolina. Their morning program _The John Boy & Billy Big Show_ airs from 5:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time in several Southern and Midwestern states via syndication through Premiere Networks. They mostly cover classic rock, active rock, and country music stations. They both often interview musicians, comedians, NASCAR drivers, professional wrestlers, and other public figures. The show will end on December 31, 2025.
Baie de Somme

**Baie de Somme** (, _Bay of the Somme_ or _Somme Bay;_ Picard: _Béie d'Sonme_) is a large estuary in the Hauts-de-France region of France. The bay drains six rivers into the English Channel. The biggest of these is the River Somme. The Baie de Somme covers a total area of . The bay is noted for its ornithological richness, as well as being a major tourist attraction.

When the tide is out, the Baie is characterized by wide, flat areas of marsh and sand. Here, the delicacy of glasswort (locally:_salicornes_) is collected. Small ponds are dug into the marshes and filled with fake plastic ducks. This is to attract migratory birds for hunting. As the tide rises the bay fills. At this time many working, leisure and tourist boats cross between the surrounding villages.

The largest towns on the bay are Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, Le Crotoy, Cayeux-sur-Mer and, a few miles inland of the bay, Noyelles-sur-Mer. Other smaller towns such as Le Hourdel, Le Tréport, or Mers-les-Bains are spread out around the region.  These towns are popular tourist destinations. They are connected together by the preserved steam railway line, the Chemin de Fer de la Baie de Somme. Several of the towns are grouped into the  Communauté d'agglomération de la Baie de Somme.
The Bay of Somme is the habitat of multiple fauna and flora species. The most famous fauna are the Grey seal and the Harbor seal, locally referred as "phoque veau-marin". The Harbor seal population can be estimated at 650 to 700 individuals living in the bay. The Grey seal has a smaller population of around 350 individuals.

## References

<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>

## Infobox (designation list)

- **designation1**: Ramsar
- **designation1 date**: 23 January 1998
- **designation1 number**: 925
President of the Church (LDS Church)

The **president of the church** is the highest office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was the office originally held by Joseph Smith, the church's founder. The church's president is its leader and is head of the First Presidency.

## List of presidents

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## Infobox (official post)

- **post**: President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- **incumbent**: Dallin H. Oaks
- **termlength**: Life tenure
- **first**: Joseph Smith
- **incumbentsince**: October 14, 2025
- **member of**: First Presidency (LDS Church), First Presidency
- **image**: Dallin Harris Oaks (cropped3x4).jpg
- **style**: President (LDS Church honorific), President
- **appointer**: Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
- **seat**: Salt Lake City, Utah
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)

In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Church of Jesus Christ), the **Quorum of the Twelve Apostles** (also known as the **Quorum of the Twelve**, the **Council of the Twelve Apostles**, or simply **the Twelve**) is one of the governing bodies in the church's system. Members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles are apostles and special witnesses of Jesus Christ.

Since 2025, the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles has been Jeffrey R. Holland.

## The Twelve Apostles

The current members of the Quorum of the Twelve are:

## Related pages

- President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)
Ezra Taft Benson

**Ezra Taft Benson** (August 4, 1899 – May 30, 1994) was an American farmer, politician, and religious leader. He was the 15th United States Secretary of Agriculture from 1953 until 1961. He was the 13th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1985 until his death in 1994.

Benson died on May 30, 1994, of congestive heart failure in his Salt Lake City apartment, at age 94.

## Other websites

- Papers of Ezra Taft Benson, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
- Ezra Taft Benson Oral History finding aid, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
- A biography of Ezra Taft Benson
- Ezra Taft Benson's comments on freedom and the U.S. Constitution
- Ezra Taft Benson's comments on freedom, the U.S. Constitution and the Founding Fathers

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Ezra Taft Benson
- **image**: Ezra Taft Benson, 15th Secretary of Agriculture, January 1953 - January 1961. - Flickr - USDAgov.jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait, 1953
- **office1**: 13th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- **term start1**: November 10, 1985
- **term end1**: May 30, 1994
- **predecessor1**: Spencer W. Kimball
- **successor1**: Howard W. Hunter
- **office2**: President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
- **term start2**: December 30, 1973
- **term end2**: November 10, 1985
- **predecessor2**: Spencer W. Kimball
- **successor2**: Marion G. Romney
- **office3**: Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
- **appointed3**: Heber J. Grant
- **term start3**: October 7, 1943
- **term end3**: November 10, 1985
- **office4**: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, LDS Church Apostle (Latter Day Saints), Apostle
- **appointed4**: Heber J. Grant
- **term start4**: October 7, 1943
- **term end4**: May 30, 1994
- **office5**: 15th United States Secretary of Agriculture
- **president5**: Dwight D. Eisenhower
- **term start5**: January 21, 1953
- **term end5**: January 20, 1961
- **predecessor5**: Charles F. Brannan
- **successor5**: Orville Freeman
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **birth name**: Ezra Taft Benson
- **birth place**: Franklin County, Idaho, U.S.
- **death place**: Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
- **education**: Oneida Stake Academy Utah State University, Utah State University, Logan
Brigham Young University
Iowa State University
University of California, Berkeley
- **children**: 6, including Reed Benson, Reed
- **signature**: Ezra Taft Benson signature.jpg
- **signature alt**: Signature of Ezra Taft Benson
Laurent Nuñez

**Laurent Nuñez-Belda** (; born 19 February 1964) is a French civil servant and politician who has been the Minister of the Interior since 12 October 2025. He was the Head of the National Center of Intelligence and Counter-Terrorism (CNRLT) from 2020 to 2022. From 2018 until 2020, he was as Secretary of State to the Minister of the Interior. He was director-general of the General Directorate for Internal Security (DGSI) from 2017 to 2018.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Laurent Nuñez
- **image**: Laurent Nuñez.jpg
- **birth name**: Laurent Nuñez-Belda
- **caption**: Laurent Nuñez in 2019
- **office**: Minister of the Interior (France), Minister of the Interior
- **primeminister**: Sébastien Lecornu
- **term start**: 12 October 2025
- **predecessor**: Bruno Retailleau
- **office1**: Paris Police Prefecture, Paris Prefect of police
- **term start1**: 21 July 2022
- **term end1**: 12 October 2025
- **predecessor1**: Didier Lallement
- **office2**: Head of the National Centre for Counter Terrorism
- **president2**: Emmanuel Macron
- **term start2**: 15 July 2020
- **term end2**: 20 July 2022
- **predecessor2**: Pierre de Bousquet de Florian
- **successor2**: Pascal Mailhos
- **office3**: Secretary of state, Secretary of State to the Minister of the Interior (France), Minister of the Interior
- **term start3**: 16 October 2018
- **term end3**: 6 July 2020
- **president3**: Emmanuel Macron
- **primeminister3**: Édouard Philippe
- **predecessor3**: Jacqueline Gourault
- **birth place**: Bourges, Centre-Val de Loire, France
- **nationality**: French
- **party**: La République en Marche!
- **alma mater**: University of Tours, École nationale d'administration, ÉNA
- **profession**: Civil Servant
Roland Lescure

**Roland Lescure** (; born 26 November 1966) is a French-Canadian banker and politician who has been the Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Energy Sovereignty since 2025. He was the Minister Delegate for Industry from 2022 to 2024. He has been a member of the National Assembly since 2017. He is a member of Renaissance.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Roland Lescure
- **image**: Visit of Roland Lescure, Minister attached to the French Minister for Economics, to the European Commission - 2022 (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Roland Lescure in 2022
- **office**: Ministry of Economics and Finance (France), Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industrial and Energy Sovereignty
- **primeminister**: Sébastien Lecornu
- **term start**: 5 October 2025
- **predecessor**: Éric Lombard
- **office1**: Deputy (France), Member of the National Assembly (France), National Assembly
for the First constituency for French residents overseas
- **term start1**: 8 July 2024
- **predecessor1**: Christopher Weissberg
- **term start2**: 21 June 2017
- **term end2**: 4 August 2022
- **predecessor2**: Frédéric Lefebvre
- **successor2**: Christopher Weissberg
- **office3**: Ministry of the Economy and Finance (France), Minister Delegate for Industry
- **primeminister3**: Élisabeth Borne
Gabriel Attal
- **predecessor3**: Agnès Pannier-Runacher
- **successor3**: Marc Ferracci
- **term start3**: 4 July 2022
- **term end3**: 21 September 2024
- **office4**: President of the Economic Affairs Committee (French National Assembly), Economic Affairs Committee in the National Assembly (France), National Assembly
- **term start4**: 29 June 2017
- **term end4**: 21 June 2022
- **predecessor4**: Frédérique Massat
- **successor4**: Guillaume Kasbarian
- **birth place**: Paris, France
- **party**: Renaissance (French political party), Renaissance
- **otherparty**: Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party
- **alma mater**: École polytechnique
ENSAE ParisTech
London School of Economics
- **relatives**: Pierre Lescure (half-brother)
- **profession**: Economist
BBC News at Six

***BBC News at Six*** is a British television news program that originally aired on BBC One and BBC News since September 3, 1984.
Scythrophrys

***Scythrophrys*** is a group of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae. There is only one species in the group, ***Scythrophrys sawayae***, which people call the **Banhado frog** in English. They call it this because scientists first found it in a place called Banhado. It lives in Serra do Mar in Paraná and Santa Catarina in Brazil. It lives in forests that are growing back and forests that were never cut down. It has young in pools of water that dry up after. Human beings change the places where the frog lives, so it is harder for the frog to live there, but it is not in danger of dying out. The first scientist to write a science paper about this frog was the American frog scientist Doris Mable Cochran. She learned about the amphibians and reptiles living in the West Indies and South America.

## Body

The Banhado frog is a small, fat frog. It can be about  long from nose to rear end. The male frogs are smaller than the female frogs. The nose is pointed and there are bits of skin up above the eyes. The legs are thin and the toes of all four feet have small small disc-shaped pads. The frog can come in three different colors; about half the frogs are dark brown, and the others are either green or light brown. The legs are yellowish-brown, and there is a light colored fold of skin between the frog's back and the sides.

## Ecology

The Banhado frog lives onle the dead leaves on the ground in forests. When it is sitting still, people cannot see it well. Scientists say this makes it hard for animals that want to eat the frog to find it. When the frog is frightened, it pushes its legs stiffly outwards, to make itself look bigger. When it does this, it looks like a dead leaf. Another frog in Brazil's rainforests, _Proceratophrys boiei_, also does this.

## Danger

The Banhado frog lives in Serra do Mar, a group of mountains in southeastern Brazil, in the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina. It lives in forests that were never cut down and in forests that are growing back between  above sea level. The whole size of the frog's home is about . Although it does not live in any protected parks, people are not changing the forests where it lives right now, so scientists from the International Union for Conservation of Nature say it is not in danger of dying out.