juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Michael Smerconish

**Michael A. Smerconish** (born March 15, 1962) is a  talk show host. He has a radio program on Sirius XM Satellite Radio. He has a television program on Cable News Network (CNN). He is a lawyer in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for the law firm Kline and Specter. Smerconish is a columnist for the Philadelphia Inquirer. He has often been a guest host for other talk show hosts. This includes Joe Scarborough of MSNBC and Bill O'Reilly of Fox News Network.

Smerconish had worked for the campaigns of Republicans in the past. He had voted Republican. In 2008, he said he would vote for the Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama. He made this announcement on MSNBC's _Hardball with Chris Matthews_. On August 20, 2009, Smerconish became the first talk radio host to broadcast live from the Obama White House. That show which included an interview with the President. The interview was held in the Diplomatic Reception Room. That is where President Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats were held. The President took questions from Smerconish and his listeners on a variety of subjects. One subject was the recent debates on the pending Healthcare Reform Bill. Smerconish has interviewed Obama six other times.
In 2010, Smerconish said in the _Huffington Post_ that he had switched his party registration from Republican to independent. When it was said that David Duke had been tied to Republican House leader Steve Scalise in the past, Smerconish interviewed Duke to discuss this.

## Books

Smerconish has written several books. Two of them were on _The New York Times_ Best Seller list.

They are:
- _Flying Blind: How Political Correctness Continues to Compromise Airline Safety Post 9/11_ (2004)
- _Muzzled: From T-Ball to Terrorism, True Stories that Should Be Fiction_ (2006)
- _Murdered By Mumia: A Life Sentence of Loss, Pain and Injustice_ (2008)
- _Morning Drive: Things I Wish I Knew Before I Started Talking (2009)
- _Instinct: The Man Who Stopped the 20th Hijacker_ (2009)
- _Talk: a Novel of Politics and the Media'' (2014)
Swedish Volleyball Federation

**Swedish Volleyball Federation** () is a special sports association for volleyball in Sweden. It was established on 3 June 1961 It was appointed into the Swedish Sports Confederation in 1961. It is based in Solna.

It represents Sweden with national teams like the Sweden men's national volleyball team and the Sweden women's national volleyball team.

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: Swedish Volleyball Federation
- **native name**: Svenska Volleybollförbundet
- **type**: sports governing body
- **headquarters**: Solna Municipality, Solna
- **location**: Sweden
Lidingö SK

**Lidingö SK** is a sports club in Lidingö in Sweden. The men's volleyball team won the Swedish national championshis 18 times between 1966 and 1981. The team then won again in 1987 and 1990.

The men's junior volleyball team won the Swedish national championship for four times in a row between 1975 and 1978.

## Other websites

- Lidingös SK
- Lidingös SK handboll
- Lidingös SK Volleyboll

## Infobox (sports team)

- **name**: Lidingö SK
- **full name**: Lidingö sportklubb
- **sport**: handball, volleyball
association football, soccer (earlier)
- **arena**: Gångsätrahallen
- **city**: Lidingö, Sweden
Sävsjö BK

**Sävsjö BK** was a bandy club in Sävsjö in Sweden. It was established in 1971. Jonas Claesson played for the team. He debuted for the team in Division 2 as a 13 years old. At age 14 he switched to Vetlanda BK.

The women's team has played two seasons in the Swedish top division., 1972/1973 and 1973/1974.
Deng Liqun

**Deng Liqun** (November 27, 1915 – February 10, 2015) was a Chinese former official and high-ranking member of the Communist Party of China. Deng was born in Guidong County, Hunan province, and joined the Party in 1936. Later, he served as secretary to President Liu Shaoqi.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Deng Liqun
- **image**: Deng Liqun 1949.jpg
- **imagesize**: 200px
- **caption**: Deng Liqun in Yining City, Yining, Xinjiang, August 1949
- **office**: Secretary of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, Central Secretariat of the Communist Party of China
- **1namedata**: Hu Yaobang
- **term start**: September 1982
- **term end**: November 1987
- **office2**: Head of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China
- **term start2**: April 1982
- **term end2**: August 1985
- **predecessor2**: Wang Renzhong
- **successor2**: Zhu Houze
- **birth place**: Guidong County, Guidong, Hunan, Republic of China (1912–49), China
- **death place**: Beijing, China
- **party**: Communist Party of China
- **spouse**: Luo Liyun
- **children**: Deng Yingtao
- **alma mater**: Peking University
Donald H. Clausen

**Donald Holst "Don" Clausen** (April 27, 1923 – February 7, 2015) is a former U.S. Representative from California. He served in the office for twenty years from 1963 through 1983. Clausen was a member of the Republican Party.

Clausen died on January 7, 2015 in Fortuna, California, aged 91.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Donald Clausen
- **image**: DonClausen_Official_Portrait.png
- **state**: California
- **district**: California's 1st congressional district, 1st
- **term start**: January 22, 1963
- **term end**: January 3, 1975
- **predecessor**: Clement Woodnutt Miller, Clement W. Miller
- **successor**: Harold T. Johnson
- **state2**: California
- **district2**: California's 2nd congressional district, 2nd
- **term start2**: January 3, 1975
- **term end2**: January 3, 1983
- **predecessor2**: Harold T. Johnson
- **successor2**: Eugene A. Chappie
- **birth name**: Donald Holst Clausen
- **birth place**: Ferndale, California, United States, U.S.
- **death place**: Fortuna, California, United States, U.S.
- **spouse**: Jessie Oleva Piper
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **profession**: Businessman
- **allegiance**: United States
- **branch**: United States Navy
- **battles**: Pacific Theater of Operations, Pacific Theater, World War II
Waterview Tower

**111 W. Wacker** (formally **Waterview Tower**) is a skyscraper under construction in downtown Chicago, Illinois, United States.  The original plan called for it to be  tall.

## Other websites

- Waterview Tower on Chicago Architecture Info
- Official renderings of upcoming building
- Additional Renderings

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: OneEleven
- **former names**: 111 W. Wacker
 Waterview Tower
- **image**: OneEleven, Chicago in May 2016.jpg
- **caption**: OneEleven in Chicago (May 2016)
- **location**: 111 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, Cook County, Illinois, United States
- **building type**: Rental residences
- **floor count**: 58 (4 below ground)
- **elevator count**: 10
- **structural engineer**: Halvorson and Partners
- **services engineer**: Cosentini
- **start date**: 2012
- **completion date**: 2014
- **status**: Complete
- **developer**: The Related Companies, Related Midwest (originally Teng and Associates, Inc. & Waterview LLC)
- **architecture firm**: Handel Architects (originally Thomas Hoepf (Teng and Associates, Inc.))
- **main contractor**: Lend Lease (originally Teng Construction, LLC)
- **owner**: Heitman <small>(as of January 2015)</small>
Regents Park (Chicago)

**Regents Park** is a 1,026 unit, upscale apartment complex in the Indian Village section of the Kenwood community area of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States.

## Other websites

- Official webpage

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Regents Park (North and South Towers)
- **image**: 20070909 Regents Park.JPG
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Regents Park from 51st Street Lake Shore Drive overpass
- **location**: Chicago, United States
- **status**: Completed
- **elevator count**: 5 (both)
- **architect**: Dubin, Dubin, Black & Moutoussamy
- **owner**: Antheus Capital
Gustaf Nordqvist

**Gustaf Nordqvist**, born 12 February 1886 in Stockholm, Sweden, died 28 January 1949 in Stockholm, Sweden was a Swedish composer, church musician and professor. He wrote music for the Christmas song _Jul, jul, strålande jul_.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Gustaf Nordqvist
- **image**: Gustaf Nordqvist.png
- **caption**: from Swedish Portraits Archive
- **background**: non_performing_personnel
- **birth place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
- **occupation**: composer, church musician, professor
Edvard Evers

**Edvard Evers** (born May 12, 1853 in Uddevalla, Sweden, died October 22, 1919  in Stockholm) was a Swedish hymn writer and priest. He is best known for writing the lyrics  for the Christmas song _Jul, jul, strålande jul_.

## Infobox (writer)

- **name**: Edvard Evers
- **caption**: Edvard Evers
- **birth place**: Uddevalla, Sweden
- **death place**: Stockholm, Sweden
Gideonsbergs IF

**Gideonsbergs IF** is a sports club in the town of Västerås in Sweden. The club was established in 1955. It started a women's soccer section in 1971. The women's soccer team won the Swedish national championship in 1992.  and the Swedish Cup in 1993.

The women's bandy team has played two seasons in the Swedish top division,

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (sports team)

- **name**: Gideonsbergs IF
- **full name**: Gideonsbergs idrottsförening
- **sport**: association football, soccer
bandy (earlier)
- **ballpark**: Önsta IP
- **city**: Västerås, Sweden
Öxabäcks IF

**Öxabäcks IF** is a sports club in Öxabäck in Sweden. It was established in 1931. The women's soccer section was established in 1966 as one of the earliest women's soccer teams in Sweden. The club adopted the name "Öxabäck/Marks IF" in 1991 to show up more of its connections with Mark Municipality. Some years later it adopted the previous name.

The women's soccer team won the Swedish national championship in the years of 1972 (unofficial), 1973, 1975, 1978, 1983, 1987 and 1988. and the Swedish Cup in the years of 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 and 1991. The club was relegated from Damallsvenskan during the 1998 season.

The floorball section merged with Örby IF and Berghems IF in 1999 to create _Team Tygriket 99_.Team Tygriket 99 later became IBK Tygriket 99.

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (sports team)

- **name**: Öxabäcks IF
- **full name**: Öxabäcks idrottsförening
- **sport**: association football, soccer
floorball (earlier)
- **ballpark**: Hagavallen
- **city**: Öxabäck, Sweden
Transcription factor

**Transcription factors** help to regulate genes. Each transcription factor binds to a specific DNA sequence. That is how they control the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA.

A transcription factor is sometimes called a 'sequence-specific DNA-binding factor'. Alone or with other proteins, they promote or block RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is the enzyme that copies genetic information from DNA to RNA for specific genes.

Transcription factors have one or more DNA-binding domains (DBDs). These attach to sequences of DNA next to the genes they regulate. Other proteins (such as coactivators, chromatin remodellers, histone acetylases or deacetylases, kinases, and methylases) also play crucial roles in gene regulation. Because they lack DNA-binding domains, they are not called transcription factors.

**Glossary**:
- **gene expression** – how information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product such as a protein
- **transcription** – the process of making messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase
- **transcription factor** – a protein that binds to DNA and regulates gene expression by promoting or suppressing transcription
- 'transcriptional regulation' – _controlling_ the rate of gene transcription for example by helping or hindering RNA polymerase binding to DNA
- 'upregulation', activation or promotion – _increase_ the rate of gene transcription
- 'downregulation', repression or suppression – _decrease_ the rate of gene transcription
- 'coactivator' – a protein that works with transcription factors to _increase_ the rate of gene transcription
- 'corepressor' – a protein that works with transcription factors to _decrease_ the rate of gene transcription
- 'response element' – a sequence of DNA to which a transcription factor binds
Norman Stansfield

**Norman Stansfield** (also known as **Stansfield**) is a fictional character and the main villain of Luc Besson's 1994 movie _Léon: The Professional_. He is played by Gary Oldman.

He is a corrupt and mentally unstable Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agent. He has been named as one of cinema's greatest villains. In honor of its influence, Noah Walden of MSN Movies described the Stansfield character as "the role that launched a thousand villains".

## Infobox (character)

- **name**: Norman Stansfield
- **series**: Léon: The Professional
- **image size**: 200px
- **caption**: Gary Oldman as Stansfield in _Léon: The Professional_.
- **creator**: Luc Besson
- **portrayer**: Gary Oldman
- **nickname**: Stan
- **occupation**: Drug Enforcement Administration, DEA agent
- **nationality**: Americans, American
Carlo Giustini

**Carlo Giustini** (4 May 1923 – 26 October 2005) was an Italian actor. He was sometimes called as **Carlo Justini**. Giustini is known for his roles in _Wild, Wild Planet_ and _War of the Planets_. He died in Rome on 26 October 2005, at the age of 89.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Carlo Giustini
- **image**: Carlo_Giustini1.jpg
- **birth place**: Viterbo, Italy
- **death place**: Rome, Italy
Marshall Rosenberg

**Marshall Rosenberg** (October 6, 1934 – February 7, 2015) was an American psychologist. He was the creator of Nonviolent Communication.

## Other websites

- Center For Nonviolent Communication
- Compassion Voice  Swiss-based Certified NVC Service in English and German. Founder trained by Marshall Rosenberg and Robert Gonzales.
- Big Picture TV  Free video clip of Marshall Rosenberg discussing Nonviolent Communication
- about Nonviolent Communication in close relationships
- PuddleDancer Press: the main publisher of Nonviolent Communication related works
- Vintage 1993 video of a Dr. Marshall Rosenberg TV appearance in Tucson, Arizona
- Giving from the heart  Excerpt from the book Nonviolent Communication: A language of life
- Wiki for Nonviolent Communication
- Marshall Rosenberg Library
- Marshall Rosenberg video clips on youtube
- TruceWorks  A conflict resolution website influenced by his Nonviolent Communication Theory

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Marshall B. Rosenberg
- **image**: MarshallRosenberg1990.jpg
- **image size**: 180px
- **caption**: Rosenberg lecturing in Nonviolent Communication workshop, Neve Shalom ~ Wahat al-Salam, Israel (1990)
- **birth place**: Canton, Ohio, United States, U.S.
- **nationality**: American
- **occupation**: Psychologist
 Author
- **known**: Nonviolent Communication
- **alma mater**: University of Wisconsin–Madison (Doctor of Philosophy, Ph.D. degree in clinical psychology in 1961)
Roger Hanin

**Roger Hanin** (20 October 1925 – 11 February 2015) was a French actor and movie director. He was best known for playing the title role in the 1989–2006 TV police drama, _Navarro_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Roger Hanin
- **image**: Roger Hanin Cannes 2.jpg
- **caption**: Roger Hanin at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival
- **birth name**: Roger Lévy
- **birth place**: Algiers, Algeria
- **death place**: Paris, France
- **occupation**: Actor, director
Peter Marshall

**Ralph Pierre LaCock** (March 30, 1926 – August 15, 2024), better known by his stage name **Peter Marshall** , was an American television and radio personality, singer, and actor. He was the original host of _The Hollywood Squares_, from 1966 to 1981.

Marshall was born in Huntington, West Virginia. His sister was actress Joanne Dru.

Marshall died on August 15, 2024 from kidney failure in Los Angeles, California at the age of 98.

## Other websites

- Peter Marshall official web site
- Peter Marshall's page on the Music of Your Life website
- Interview with Peter Marshall, October 2012
- Interview with Peter Marshall, September 2012

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Peter Marshall
- **image**: Peter Marshall game show host.JPG
- **caption**: Marshall in 1965
- **birth name**: Ralph Pierre LaCock
- **birth place**: Huntington, West Virginia, U.S.
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **death cause**: Kidney failure
- **yearsactive**: 1950–2021
- **known for**: Original host of _Hollywood Squares_ (1966–1981)
- **children**: 4, including Pete LaCock
- **relatives**: Joanne Dru (sister)
Joseph Campanella

**Joseph Anthony Campanella** (November 21, 1924 – May 16, 2018) was an American character actor. He appeared in more than two hundred television and movie roles from 1955 to 2009. He was known for his role as John Turino in _The Guiding Light_. He also starred as Harper Deveraux on the soap opera _Days of Our Lives_ from 1987 to 1988.

Campanella voiced the character of Dr. Curt Connors/The Lizard on _Spider-Man: The Animated Series_ (1994–97). He narrated the _Discover_ science series on the Disney Channel from 1992–94.

Campanella died at the age of 93 on May 16, 2018 at his home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California of complications from Parkinson's disease.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Joseph Campanella
- **image**: Joseph campanella 1965.JPG
- **alt**: Joseph Campanella 1965
- **caption**: Campanella in _The Nurses (CBS TV series), The Nurses_, 1965
- **birth name**: Joseph Anthony Campanella
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **death place**: Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, Sherman Oaks, California, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Manhattan College
Columbia University
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1952–2009
- **children**: 7
- **relatives**: Frank Campanella (brother)
Andrea Mitchell

**Andrea Mitchell** (born October 30, 1946) is an American journalist, news reporter and anchor for NBC News. She is the Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent. She anchored _Andrea Mitchell Reports_ on the MSNBC Network until after the 2025 Presidential Inauguration. She has served as a guest host on other NBC/MSNBC shows such as _Meet the Press_ and _Hardball_.Mitchell was raised in a Jewish family.

Mitchell was born in New Rochelle, New York.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Andrea Mitchell
- **image**: Andrea Mitchell interviewing guest at Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) annual conference and briefing in Washington D.C. on November 15, 2023 (cropped).jpg
- **alma mater**: University of Pennsylvania
- **occupation**: News anchor
- **years active**: 1967–present
- **title**: NBC News Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent
- **spouse**: Gil Jackson (divorced 1970s)
Alan Greenspan (m. 1997–present)
- **credits**: NBC News Chief Foreign Affairs Correspondent, _NBC Nightly News, NBC Nightly News with Brian Williams_, _Today (NBC program), Today_, Andrea Mitchell Reports
- **url**: [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3688874/ NBC News Biography]
Miller Brewing Company

**Miller Brewing Company** is an American beer company. They are owned by SABMiller. The headquarters is in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was founded in 1855 by Frederick Miller.

The beers sold by Miller include Miller Lite, Miller High Life and Miller Genuine Draft.
Joint Direct Attack Munition

The **Joint Direct Attack Munition** (**JDAM**) is a guidance kit that converts unguided bombs, or "dumb bombs" into all-weather "smart" bombs. JDAM-equipped bombs are guided by an inertial guidance system connected to a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. This gives them a range of up to . JDAM-equipped bombs range from  to . When installed on a bomb, the JDAM kit is given a GBU (Guided Bomb Unit) nomenclature which takes the place of the normal "dumb bomb" nomenclature to which it is attached. JDAM is a joint project of the United States Air Force and the United States Navy.
Assis

**Assis** is a Brazilian city in the southwestern part of the state of São Paulo. Its population, in 2013, was 100,911 inhabitants. It has an area of  462 km². It was named for the city's founder Captain Francisco Nogueira Acis.
 The spelling was later changed to add another 's'.

## Other websites

- Assis, São Paulo State (Brazil)

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: <small>The Municipality of</small>
Assis
- **settlement type**: Municipality
- **other name**: Assis, São Paulo, Brasil
- **native name**: Assisense
- **nickname**: Capital do Paranapanema
<small>Paranapanema's Capital</small>
Cidade Fraternal
<small>Fraternal City</small>
- **motto**: Deo et terræ matri <small>God and land mother</small>
- **image skyline**: Assis - 2020.jpg
- **image caption**: Rui Barbosa Avenue
- **image flag**: Assis.Bandeira.jpg
- **image seal**: Assis.Brasao.jpg
- **image map**: SaoPaulo Municip Assis.svg
- **mapsize**: 250x200px
- **map caption**: Location in São Paulo and the state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: States of Brazil, State
- **subdivision type2**: Mesoregions of Brazil, Mesoregion
- **subdivision type3**: Microregions of Brazil, Microregion
- **subdivision name**: Brazil
- **subdivision name1**: São Paulo
- **leader title**: Mayor
- **leader name**: José Aparecido Fernandes (2016-2020)
- **established title**: Foundation
- **established date**: July 5, 1905
- **established title2**: Municipality
- **established date2**: December 20, 1917
- **established title3**: Creation of city of Tarumã
- **established date3**: January 9, 1990
- **area total km2**: 462705
- **population as of**: 2020
- **population note**: Estimative
- **population total**: 105087
- **population density km2**: 207
- **population demonym**: Assisense
- **timezone**: BRT
- **utc offset**: −3
- **timezone dst**: BRST
- **utc offset dst**: −2
- **elevation m**: 543
- **postal code type**: Postal Code (CEP)
- **postal code**: 19800-000
- **area code**: 18
- **website**: http://www.assis.sp.gov.br/
- **blank name sec2**: maxtemp
- **blank info sec2**: 31
- **blank1 name sec2**: mintemp
- **blank1 info sec2**: 11
- **blank2 name sec2**: rainfall
- **blank2 info sec2**: 1441
Kittery, Maine

**Kittery** is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 10,070 at the 2020 census.
Bob Simon

**Bob Simon** (May 29, 1941 – February 11, 2015) was an American television journalist. He was an award winning CBS News television correspondent. He was known for his appearances in _60 Minutes_.

On February 11, 2015, Simon was killed in a car crash. He was a passenger in a livery cab that collided with another car and then crashed into a middle barrier of the West Side Highway in Manhattan. Simon went into cardiac arrest and was taken to St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, where he died.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Bob Simon
- **birth place**: The Bronx, New York City, United States, U.S.A.
- **death place**: New York City, U.S.A
- **death cause**: Traffic collision, Car crash
- **credits**: _60 Minutes_ (1996–2015)
- **years active**: 1969–2015
- **occupation**: News reporter
Treaty of New Echota

The **Treaty of New Echota** (7 Stat. 488) was a treaty signed on December 29, 1835, in New Echota, Georgia by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee faction, the Treaty Party.

The treaty of New Echota essentially made the Indians move out of the southeast United States and into Indian Territory. This move was called the Trail of Tears.
National Hero of Azerbaijan

The **National Hero of Azerbaijan** is the highest title in Azerbaijan. The law on the title has been in effect since December 25, 1995. The title is awarded for courage and exceptional service to the people of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It can be given only once to the same person.
Strahler number

In mathematics, the **Strahler number** or **Horton–Strahler** number of any tree shape measures its complexity. It can be applied to any tree shape including real trees, lungs, human relationships and blood flow systems. These numbers allow these shapes to be handled in computer programming languages. These numbers were created to study the flow of liquids by Robert E. Horton and Arthur Newell Strahler.
Columbus Circle

**Columbus Circle** is a traffic circle named for Christopher Columbus. The circle is in Manhattan, New York City. It is at the southwest corner of Central Park. This is where Eighth Avenue, Broadway, Central Park South, and Central Park West all meet. Hell's Kitchen is next to the circle on the south. The Upper West Side is to the north.

## Circle

The circle opened in 1905. William P. Eno was the designer. Eno was a businessman who made road safety and traffic control better. The circle was supposed to be part of the plan for Central Park. This was to be a very important entrance to the park.

There is a statue at the center of Columbus Circle. It was made by Italian sculptor Gaetano Russo, The statue was built in 1892. It is a marble statue of Columbus on top a  granite column. The pedestal has an angel holding a globe. The circle was rebuilt in 2005. There are new water fountains, wooden benches; and plants around the statue. The inner circle is about  wide. The outer circle is about  wide. The rebuilding was honored with an award.

There is also a New York City Subway station under the circle.

## Around the circle

The headquarters of Time Warner is to the west of Columbus Circle. The building is called Time Warner Center. Time Warner Center has the Shops at Columbus Circle, Jazz at Lincoln Center, the New York City studio headquarters of CNN, and the Mandarin Oriental New York hotel.

The Trump International Hotel and Tower is to the circle's north. This building was an office tower, but now has restaurants and a hotel.

The Merchant's Gate to Central Park is to the northeast. It has the _USS Maine National Monument_. The _USS Maine National Monument_ was built in 1913 to honor sailors killed on the battleship USS _Maine_ in 1898.

2 Columbus Circle is to the south. This is a tower built in 1964 by Edward Durell Stone. It used to hold an art museum. It was rebuilt in 2005. People argued over the rebuilding because they wanted to landmark it.

240 Central Park South is on the southeast side of the circle. It was built in 1941. It is a landmark.
Duke of Nemours

The title of **Duke of Nemours** was originally given to a French family of minor nobility. It was originally a small lordship. It was later made a county in 1364. It is most famous for being held by a branch of the House of Savoy that eventually settled in France. Following the death of the last Savoyard duke (1659) the title went back to the crown of France. It was eventually passed on to the only brother of Louis XIV in 1672. It remained with his descendants. A son of King Louis Philippe of the French was given the title in 1850.

## House of Savoy (1524-1672)

- Louise of Savoy (1524–1531), Duchess of Angoulême, Francis I of France's mother.
She received the duchy of Nemours in 1524 with the duchy of Anjou. It was later transferred to her half-brother in 1528. She received the duchy of Touraine in exchange. She also received later the Duchy of Auvergne.

1. Philip of Savoy (1528–1533)
1. Jacques of Savoy (1531–1585)
1. Charles Emmanuel of Savoy (1567–1595) also the father of the Duchess of Savoy.
1. Henri of Savoy (1572–1632)
1. Louis of Savoy (1615–1641)
1. Charles Amadeus of Savoy (1624–1652)
1. Henri of Savoy (1625–1659)

## Bibliography

- Levy-Saint-Nom, France. Notre-Dame de la Roche (abbaye augustinienne), Auguste Moutié, Honoré Théodoric Paul Joseph d'Albert duc de Luynes, _ "Cartulaire de l'Abbaye de Notre-Dame de la Roche" _, Diocese of Paris, the original manuscripts, 1862
Deli Fuad Pasha

**Fuad** (18351931) was a Ottoman soldier and stateman, also known as Mushir (Marshall) Deli Fuad Pasha.

Fuad Pasha was born in 1835 in Egypt and was Turkic. He was the son of Müsür Hasan Pasha. He ascended to colonel rank in Egyptian army. He came Istanbul in 1869. He won Liva rank in Ottoman Army in 1872. He took office 1877–1877 in Tuna frontline Ottoman-Russsian War. He was commander in Elena Conflict in side of Ottoman troops and gained "Elena Hero" title for his achievements. Also gained "Deli" title which means exactly "Crazy" because of his courage. But in 1902 he sent into exile by Abdulhamid II to Damascus. He returned Istanbul in 1908 when The Second Constitutional Era announcement.

He was 96 years old when he died in Istanbul.
Alternaria brassicicola

***Alternaria brassicicola*** is a fungus which belongs to the family Pleosporaceae. The species has branched hyphae which are between 1.5 and 7.5 micrometre wide. In the beginning the hyphae are transparent but later their colour turns to brown or olive brown. The conidium are between the 5 and 8 micrometre wide and can be up to 70 micrometre long.

## Reference

- Seemadua S. _et al_ 2011. Alternaria spot (Alternaria brassicicola)  Updated on 2/22/2011 4:17:39 PM Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au.
2015 Chapel Hill shooting

The **2015 Chapel Hill shooting** was an incident that happened on February 10, 2015 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Three Muslim college students were shot dead. Their neighbor Craig Stephen Hicks was arrested for it. Families of the victims called it a hate crime.

## History

Police do not know why Hicks might have done it. Police in Chapel Hill say Hicks had argued with the victims over parking spaces before. Neighbors said Hicks was obsessed over people parking in his space. His Facebook page says he supports “Atheists for Equality” and blamed “radical Christians and radical Muslims" for causing problems in the world.

The FBI was called in to help the local police. They also started an investigation to see if any federal laws have been broken. Federal officials did not find any evidence it was a hate crime. On 12 June 2019, Hicks pleaded guilty to the shooting. He was sentenced to spend the rest of his life in prison. He was not convicted of any hate crime.
Alexander Cools

**Alexander Rudolf "Lex" Cools** (The Hague, 1941 – Nijmegen, 7 September 2013) was a Dutch neuroscientist. He was interested in the pharmacology of behavior.

Cools got his Doctor of Philosophy in 1973 at the Radboud University Nijmegen. He was a professor in Nijmegen from 1985 until his retirement in 2006.

A special issue of the scientific journal _Behavioural Pharmacology_ was dedicated to his memory in 2014. Cools was one of the founders of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society. He became its second president. He received that society's Distinguished Achievement Award in 2003.

Cools was the first to propose (1976) the existence of different types of dopamine receptors. This claim is correct but was initially not believed. Cools is also known for his work on the basal ganglia.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Alexander Cools
- **image**: Alexander Cools.JPG
- **birth date**: September 14?, 1941
- **birth place**: The Hague, Netherlands
- **death place**: Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- **nationality**: Dutch
- **fields**: Psychoneuropharmacology
- **workplaces**: Radboud University Nijmegen
- **alma mater**: Radboud University Nijmegen
- **thesis title**: The Caudate Nucleus and Neurochemical Control of Behaviour: The Function of Dopamine and Serotonin in the Caput Nuclei Caudati of Cats
- **thesis year**: 1973
- **doctoral advisor**: Jacques van Rossum, Jo Vossen
- **known for**: Research on dopamine and the basal ganglia
- **influences**: Jacques van Rossum, Adriaan Kortlandt
- **awards**: Distinguished Achievement Award (EBPS)
- **signature**: Signature Cools.jpg
Fristad

**Fristad** is a locality in Borås Municipality in Västra Götaland County in Sweden. In 2010, 4,924 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Fristad
- **pushpin map**: Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Borås Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Västra Götaland County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Västergötland
- **area total km2**: 5.11
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 4,924
- **population density km2**: 964
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2
Larry King Live

***Larry King Live*** was an American television talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN from 1985 to 2010. It was the network's most watched and longest-running program, with over one million viewers nightly.

On June 29, 2010, Larry King announced that the program would end. The last episode aired on December 16, 2010, and a new episode on the war against cancer aired two days later on December 18.
2014 Sweden mosques arson attack series

The **2014 Sweden mosques arson attack series** were a series of arson attacks on three mosques in one week. They started on Christmas Day and ended on new year. The mosques were struck by petrol bombs and molotov cocktails while others were vandalised with racist graffiti. The attacks caused fear in the local Muslim communities and led to public discussions about safety.

## Related pages

- 2015 Chapel Hill shooting
Cake (movie)

***Cake*** is a 2014 American drama movie. It is about a pleasant woman who has become unhappy with her life after a car accident that killed her child.

Jennifer Aniston plays Claire. Mamie Gummer plays Bonnie. Felicity Huffman plays Annette.

This movie was released in some theaters in December 2014.
David Carr (journalist)

**David Michael Carr** (September 8, 1956 – February 12, 2015) was an American columnist and author. He wrote the Media Equation column and covered culture for _The New York Times_. In 2014, he was named the Lack Professor of Media Studies at Boston University, a part-time position.

Carr died on February 12, 2015 following a collapse in the _New York Times_ newsroom at the age of 58. His cause of death was lung cancer and heart disease.

## Other websites

- The Carpetbagger blog
- Interview with Stephen Elliott
- Interview with the Washington Post's Express
- The Night of the Gun official website
- Page One: Inside The New York Times

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: David Carr
- **image**: David_Carr_2013.jpg
- **image size**: 220px
- **alt**: David Carr at the 2013 PuSh International Performing Arts Festival
- **caption**: Carr at the 2013 PuSh International Performing Arts Festival
- **birth name**: David Michael Carr
- **birth place**: Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
- **death place**: New York City, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **occupation**: Writer, columnist, author
- **years active**: 1980s–2015
- **employer**: _The New York Times_
- **children**: 3, including Erin Lee Carr
Greenville, Ohio

**Greenville** is a city in and county seat of Darke County, Ohio, United States. The population was 12,786 at the 2020 census.
Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat

Tuan Guru Dato' Bentara Setia Haji **Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat** (10 January 1931 – 12 February 2015) was a Malaysian politician and Muslim cleric.

He was the Menteri Besar of Kelantan from 1990 to 2013 and the _Mursyidul Am_ or Spiritual Leader of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) from 1991 until his death in 2015.

Overall, career as an elected politician lasted for some 48 years following his election to the Parliament of Malaysia in 1967.

Nik Mat died of prostate cancer in Kota Bharu, Malaysia at the age of 84.

## Infobox (politician)

- **honorific-prefix**: Malay titles, Yang Berhormat Tuan Guru Dato' Bentara Setia Hajji, Haji
- **name**: Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat
- **image**: Nik Aziz Kelantan.jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **office**: List of Menteris Besar of Kelantan, Menteri Besar of Kelantan
- **monarch**: Sultan Ismail Petra
Muhammad V of Kelantan, Sultan Muhammad V
- **term start**: 22 October 1990
- **term end**: 6 May 2013
- **deputy**: Ahmad Yaakob
- **predecessor**: Mohamed Yaacob
- **successor**: Ahmad Yaakob
- **office2**: Spiritual Leader of Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party, PAS
- **term start2**: 1991
- **term end2**: 12 February 2015
- **predecessor2**: Yusof Rawa
- **successor2**: _Vacant_
- **constituency mp3**: Pengkalan Chepa
- **parliament3**: Malaysian
- **term start3**: 1974
- **term end3**: 1986
- **predecessor3**: _New constituency_
- **successor3**: Abdullah Arshad
- **constituency mp4**: Kelantan Hilir
- **parliament4**: Malaysian
- **term start4**: 1967
- **term end4**: 1974
- **predecessor4**: Ahmad Abdullah
- **successor4**: _Constituency abolished_
- **constituency am5**: Chempaka
- **assembly5**: Kelantan State
- **term start5**: 1995
- **term end5**: 12 February 2015
- **predecessor5**: _New constituency_
- **successor5**: _Vacant_
- **constituency am6**: Semut Api
- **assembly6**: Kelantan State
- **term start6**: 1986
- **term end6**: 1995
- **successor6**: _Constituency abolished_
- **office7**: Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party, PAS Head of the Ulama Wing
- **term start7**: 1971
- **term end7**: 1995
- **office8**: Kelantan Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party, PAS Commisioner
- **term start8**: 1978
- **term end8**: 2013
- **successor8**: Ahmad Yaakob
- **birth place**: Kampung Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, British Malaya <small>(now Malaysia)</small>
- **death place**: Kampung Pulau Melaka, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- **spouse**: Tuan Sabariah Tuan Ishak
- **children**: Nik Aini
Nik Umar
Nik Adli
Nik Abdul Rahim
Nik Mohamad Abduh
Nik Adilah
Nik Mohamad Asri
Nik Amani
Nik Amalina
Nik Asma' Salsabila
- **parents**: Nik Mat Raja Banjar
Aminah Abdul Majid
- **party**: Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party
- **alma mater**: Al-Azhar University
- **resting place**: Tanah perkuburan Pulau Melaka
Tomie Ohtake

was a Japanese-born Brazilian artist. Her work includes paintings, prints and sculptures. She was one of the main representatives of informal abstractionism in Brazil. Her son, Ruy Ohtake, was also an architect.

Ohtake died in São Paulo, Brazil at the age of 101 from heart failure.

## Infobox (artist)

- **name**: Tomie Ohtake
- **image**: Tomie Ohtake 2006.jpg
- **alt**: Photograph of Tomie Ohtake holding in her hands the Brazilian Order of Cultural Merit.
- **caption**: Tomie Ohtake in 2006, when she was awarded the Order of Cultural Merit.
- **native name**: 大竹富江
- **native name lang**: ja
- **birth date**: November 21, 1913
- **birth place**: Kyoto, Japan
- **death place**: São Paulo, Brazil
- **field**: Painting, drawing, printing, sculpture
- **nationality**: Japanese Brazilian
- **education**: Keisuke Sugano
- **style**: Geometric abstraction, lyrical abstraction
- **movement**: Abstract art
- **memorials**: Tomie Ohtake Institute
Steve Strange

**Steve Strange** (born **Stephen John Harrington**, 28 May 1959 – 12 February 2015) was a Welsh pop singer. He was born in Newbridge, Caerphilly. He was best known as the lead singer and frontman of the 1980s pop group Visage. From the late 1970s he was also a very well known nightclub host and promoter. He died of a heart attack in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt.

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: Steve Strange
- **image**: Steve Strange, lead singer of English New Wave group "Visage".jpg
- **background**: solo_singer
- **birth name**: Stephen John Harrington
- **birth place**: Newbridge, Caerphilly, Wales
- **death place**: Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt
- **years active**: 1977–1986, 2004–2015
- **website**: [https://myspace.com/visageofficial Steve Strange] on Myspace
Big Eyes

***Big Eyes*** is a 2014 American biographical drama movie directed by Tim Burton and produced by Burton and Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski.

It is based on the careers of American artists Margaret and her husband Walter Keane. It is set in San Francisco, California during the 1950s. They are played by Amy Adams and Christoph Waltz. It also stars Krysten Ritter, Jason Schwartzman, Danny Huston, Jon Polito and Terence Stamp. The music was composed by Danny Elfman.

It was released to very positive reviews on December 25, 2014.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Big Eyes
- **caption**: Theatrical release poster
- **director**: Tim Burton
- **writers**: Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski|
- **music**: Danny Elfman
- **cinematography**: Bruno Delbonnel
- **editing**: JC Bond
- **distributor**: The Weinstein Company
- **runtime**: 106 minutes
- **country**: United States
- **language**: English language, English
- **budget**: $10 million
- **gross**: $29.3 million
La sombra del pasado

***La sombra del pasado*** is a Mexican telenovela. It is produced by Televisa. Production started on August 18, 2014.

## Cast

|Actor|Character|
| --- | --- |
|Michelle Renaud|Aldonza Alcocer Lozada (Protagonist)|
|Pablo Lyle|Cristóbal Mendoza Rivera (Protagonist)|
|Alexis Ayala|Severiano Mendoza (Main Villain)|
|Thelma Madrigal|Barbara (Main Villain)|
|Alejandra Barros|Candela Rivera de Mendoza (Villain)|
|Alfredo Adame|Padre Jerónimo Alcocer|
|Susana González|Roberta Lozada Torres de Alcocer|
|Cynthia Klitbo|Prudencia Mendoza de Zapata (Villain)|
|Manuel "Flaco" Ibáñez|Melesio|

## Other websites

- Official website

## Infobox (television)

- **genre**: Telenovela
- **creator**: José Cuauhtémoc Blanco
 Víctor Manuel Medina Cervantes
- **writer**: María Del Carmen Peña
- **starring**: Michelle Renaud
 Pablo Lyle
 Alexis Ayala
Thelma Madrigal
 Alejandra Barros
 Alfredo Adame
 Susana González
- **theme music composer**: J. Eduardo Murgía P.
 Mauricio L. Arriaga
- **opentheme**: _Te prometí_ by Manuel Mijares
- **endtheme**: _Perdóname_ by Camilo Blanes
- **country**: Mexico
- **language**: Spanish language, Spanish
- **num episodes**: 69
- **executive producer**: MaPat López de Zatarain
- **company**: Televisa
- **channel**: Canal de las Estrellas
- **last aired**: present
- **related**: _El Manantial_ (2001)
VietJet Air

**VietJet Air** is a Vietnamese budget airline. The headquarters are in Hanoi. The center of activity is from Tan Son Nhat International Airport in Ho Chi Minh City. The company was founded in 2007. VietJet Air began operation in 2011. It has flights to most of airports in Vietnam and some international airports. From its first flight to 31 December 2014, the airline has served 10 million passenger. In February 2014, it signed a purchase order with Airbus to buy 63 aircraft. It has plans to purchase 30 more and to lease seven more.
Jordyn Wieber

**Jordyn Marie Wieber** (born July 12, 1995) is an American artistic gymnast. She was a member of the gold medal-winning US women's gymnastics teams at the 2011 World Championships. Wieber was a team gold medalist at the 2012 Summer Olympics. She was also the 2011 world women's all-around champion.
Eloise Mumford

**Eloise Mumford** (born September 24, 1986) is an American actress. She played Sue Lawson in _Drones_. She played Kate Kavanagh in _Fifty Shades of Grey_.

The actress was born in Olympia, Washington.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Eloise Mumford
- **image**: Eloise Mumford.jpg
- **caption**: Eloise Mumford in 2010
- **birth place**: Olympia, Washington, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actress
- **years active**: 2008–present
San Andreas (movie)

***San Andreas*** is a 2015 adventure and disaster movie. It is about an earthquake hitting California, when the San Andreas Fault shakes. Dwayne Johnson plays Ray. Carla Gugino plays Emma, his ex-wife. Ioan Gruffudd plays Emma's boyfriend Daniel Riddick. Kylie Minogue plays Daniel's sister Beth Riddick.  Paul Giamatti plays Caltech seismologist Lawrence Hayes.

The movie was released on May 29, 2015.
Tone

A **musical tone** is a repeating sound. Musical tones are different in duration, loudness, and timbre. The Musical notes have complex forms, such as short bursts, changes in pitch, and shifts in noise. A simple tone has a steady noise. A complex tone is a musical tone that is not steady. Simple tones are added together to make complex tones.
Agilodocodon

***Agilodocodon*** was a shrew-sized docodont from the Middle Jurassic. It is the earliest known tree-climbing mammal-like therapsid.

_Agilodocodon scansorius_ was about 13 centimeters from head to tail, and weighed about 27 grams. Its appearance was similar to a squirrel, with a long snout, curved, horny claws and flexible ankle and wrist joints typical of modern arboreal mammals. The front teeth were spade-like, indicating that _Agilodocodon scansorius_ could gnaw tree bark and eat gum or sap.

This interpretation is questioned by another palaeontologist. He thinks _Agilodocodon_'s teeth "are quite different" from the modern sap-eating monkeys, and the long, thin lower jaw seems too weak for gnawing tree bark.

## Discovery

The fossils of _Agilodocodon scansorius_, with  the mole-like _Docofossor brachydactylus_, were found by farmers in the Chinese Tiaojishan Formation. They were got and examined by the Beijing Museum of Natural History. The species _Agilodocodon scansorius_ was reported in the journal _Science_ in 2015.
Docodonta

**Docodonta** is an order or suborder of extinct mammaliaforms. They lived during the mid- to late-Mesozoic era.

They had sophisticated molars, from which the suborder gets its name. In the fossil record, isolated teeth and bits of jawbones are found.

Docodonts are not quite as closely related to the placentals and marsupials as the monotremes are, so they are not included among the crown-group mammals.

Because of their molars and their lower jaw being a single bone (the dentary), they are generally regarded as mammals. However, those authors who limit the term "Mammalia" to the (living) crown group exclude docodonts. They use the term mammaliaformes instead.

Docodonts were primarily herbivorous or insectivorous. However, _Castorocauda_, adapted to a semi-aquatic life, has teeth which suggest it ate fish.

_Castorocauda_ is important because the first find was an almost complete skeleton (a real luxury in paleontology). It breaks the "small nocturnal insectivore" stereotype.
It was noticeably larger than most Mesozoic mammaliaform fossils, and gives absolutely certain evidence of hair and fur. Of course, this strongly suggests mammalian-type temperature regulation.

## Related pages

- Agilodocodon
- Castorocauda
Squamosal bone

The **squamosal** is a bone of the head of higher vertebrates. It is the main part of the cheek region in the skull, towards the back and lower part of the skull.

In mammals, including humans, it fuses with other bones to form the temporal bone. It is then called the 'squama temporalis'.

In therapsids (including mammal ancestors) the lower jaw is simplified into just the dentary. This hinges against the squamous part of the temporal bone. It is referred to as a 'dentary-squamosal jaw'.
Kallinge

**Kallinge** is a locality in Ronneby Municipality in Blekinge County in Sweden. In 2010, 4,561 people lived there.

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Kallinge
- **pushpin map**: Sweden Blekinge#Sweden
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision name**: Sweden
- **subdivision type3**: Municipalities of Sweden, Municipality
- **subdivision name3**: Ronneby Municipality
- **subdivision type2**: Counties of Sweden, County
- **subdivision name2**: Blekinge County
- **subdivision type1**: Provinces of Sweden, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Blekinge
- **area total km2**: 4.85
- **population as of**: 31 December 2010
- **population total**: 4,561
- **population density km2**: 940
- **timezone**: Central European Time, CET
- **utc offset**: +1
- **timezone dst**: Central European Summer Time, CEST
- **utc offset dst**: +2