juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical reaction

In medicine, a **paradoxical reaction**  is when the body reacts to a substance in a way that is completely different to what is expected. These substances usually are drugs. Paradoxical reactions are different from reactions that occur because people get used to the effects of a drug, or those that occur when they suddenly stop taking a drug that they have taken for a long time.  A paradoxical reaction  might be hat someone who has taken a sleeping pill suddenly suffers from sleeplessness. Another example  might be that people who have taken painklilers become very sensitive to pain.
Baruch (surname)

**Baruch** (, Polish: Berek) is a male name among Jews used from Biblical times to the present, which is sometimes used as surname.

## Notable individuals surnamed Baruch

- Belle W. Baruch (1899–1964), American heiress, daughter of Bernard Baruch
- Bernard Baruch (1870–1965), American financier, stock market speculator, statesman, and presidential advisor
- Bertha Hirsch Baruch (1876–?), American writer and suffragette
- Dorothy Walter Baruch (1899–1962), American psychologist and children's book writer
- Franzisca Baruch (1901–1989) German-Israeli graphic designer
- Ruth-Marion Baruch (1922–1997), American photographer
- Yaakov Baruch (1982), Indonesian rabbi
Kalmakanda Upazila

**Kalmakanda** is an upazila of Netrokona District, Mymensingh division in Bangladesh.
Anomaloglossus kaiei

The **Kaie rock frog** (_Anomaloglossus kaiei_) is a frog.  Scientists found it in Guyana and they think it might also live in Brazil.

## Home

This frog is awake during the day. It lives on the ground. People have seen this frog in forests that have never been cut or burned and in forests that are growing back. Scientists saw it between 150 and 1060 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw the frog in Kaieteur National Park.

## Young

The female frog takes care of the tadpoles.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in big danger of dying out.  Most of these frogs live in a place where most people do not go, but other people dig for gold and diamonds in the ground. This can change the place where the frog lives too much for it to live there.
Learned helplessness

**Learned helplessness** is the behavior shown by a subject after having repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control.

## Overview

Learned helplessness was initially seen as being caused by the subject's acceptance of their powerlessness, by way of their discontinuing attempts to escape the aversive stimulus, even when such alternatives are unambiguously presented.

Upon showing such behavior, the subject was said to have reached a state of learned helplessness. Neuroscience has provided insight into learned helplessness, showing that the original theory was wrong.

The brain's default state assumes that the control is not present. The presence of control is thus learned. However, it is unlearned when a subject is faced with prolonged aversive stimulation.

## Humans

In humans, learned helplessness is related to the concept of self-efficacy ‒ the individual's belief in their ability to achieve goals. The **learned helplessness theory** is the view that clinical depression and related mental illnesses may be caused by a real or perceived absence of control over the outcome of a situation.

## Neurobiology

Neurobiological research has shown that increased 5-HT (serotonin) activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus plays a huge role in learned helplessness. Other parts of the brain responsible for helpless behavior include the basolateral amygdala, central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Activity in medial prefrontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus, septum and hypothalamus has also been observed during states of helplessness.

### Developmental psychology

In developmental psychology, the order of various stages of neurobiological development is important. It is said that there are two different types of "helplessness" appearing at different stages of the development. In early development, a baby is naturally helpless and must learn "helpfulness" toward mature neurophysiology.

The "helplessness" that appears after maturation is what is properly called "learned helplessness", despite some researchers equating this infantile form of "helplessness" with the pathological and adult form.
Nazirpur Day

**Nazirpur Day** (Bengali: নাজিরপুর যুদ্ধ দিবস) is observed annually on July 26 in Kalmakanda Upazila, Netrakona District, Bangladesh. The day commemorates the supreme sacrifice of seven valiant freedom fighters who embraced martyrdom in a "front battle" with Pakistani soldiers during the Liberation War in 1971.

## Background

On July 26, 1971, a direct battle took place between the Pakistani occupation forces and the freedom fighters in the Nazirpur area. The freedom fighters fought bravely to free the area from the control of the Pakistani army. In the end, the Pakistani forces were defeated. Seven freedom fighters lost their lives during the battle. Many Pakistani soldiers were killed. Several others, along with some Razakars, were captured by the freedom fighters.
Disney XD (Scandinavian TV channel)

Disney XD was a Scandinavian TV channel of the American channel of the same name. The channel was launched 12 September 2009 and focused on kids and teens content. The channel closed on 31 December 2020 but it was relaunched on 29 May 2024. In Norway, the channel replaced Cinecanal on Allente.

## Disney XD Shows

- Gravity Falls

## Infobox (television channel)

- **name**: Disney XD (Scandinavia)
- **logo**: 2015 Disney XD logo.svg
- **picture format**: Aspect ratio (image)#1.66:1, 1.75:1, 1.77:1, 1.78:1 and 16:9 standard widescreen, 16:9 576i SDTV
- **country**: United Kingdom
- **area**: Sweden
Denmark
Norway
Finland
Iceland
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
- **language**: English
Danish
Norwegian
Swedish
Finnish (subtitles for most TV shows, continuity and bumpers in English)
Russian (continuity in English and bumpers in Swedish)
- **headquarters**: London
- **sister channels**: Disney Channel (Scandinavian TV channel), Disney Channel
Disney Junior (Scandinavian TV channel), Disney Jr.
Vidanet

**Vidanet** is a Hungarian company that provides internet, cable TV, and phone services in cities in western Hungary.

## History

It started in 1990 as _Győri Kábeltelevízió Szolgáltató_ _Plc._, offering cable TV in Győr. In 2000, it was sold by the city and expanded to Tata and Mosonmagyaróvár. In 2002, it began providing broadband internet. Another company, _Kaposkábel_ _Plc._, started in 1996 in Kaposvár and later expanded to Pécs.

In 2003, these companies merged to form Vidanet. In 2005, Vidanet grew by merging with _Kis-Astrasat_ _Plc._ in Budapest.

It introduced digital cable TV in 2006, internet-based phone services in 2008, business services in 2011, and mobile internet in 2011. In 2010, Vidanet got a new look and focused on local community support.

## Infobox (company)

- **logo**: Vidanet.png
- **type**: Privately held company, Private
- **industry**: Telecommunication
- **founded**: 2003
- **hq location city**: Győr
- **hq location country**: Hungary
- **area served**: west, Western Hungary
Knot density

The **Knot density** is the measurement of the knots in a unit of carpet, It is mostly calculated through KPSI(knots per square inch). The higher knot density also gives idea about the cost of a carpet. The knot density can estimate the time and effort went in production. A bigger knot density makes the design more fine and clear. The lower knot density does not mean the carpet is worthless. A lower carpet can give a carpet a different texture. Different countries can use different knot densities. Persian carpets can have higher knot density, for example.
Ghosting

**Ghosting** is a new word referring to the behavior of suddenly ending contact with someone.

## Origin

The word emerged in the 2000s, in the context of interpersonal relationships, including dating. The word was later popularized by social media.

## Causes

The most common causes for why ghosting happens are:

- Political differences
- Avoidance of emotional discomfort
- Hook-up culture making it easier for contact to be cut without consequences

## Prevalence

In 2014, a YouGov survey was done to see if Americans had ever ghosted their partner to end a relationship. In that survey, 1,000 US adults were interviewed about ghosting, yielding the result that just over 10% of Americans had ghosted someone to break up with them.

## Issues

Psychologists are critical of ghosting as a behavior, classifying it as passive-aggressive behavior, which is a form of emotional abuse.

## Related pages

- Social rejection
- Psychopathology
- Personality disorder
Feast of the Black Nazarene

The **Feast of the Black Nazarene** is a religious festival celebrated each year in the Philippines on the 9th of January for an event called  the ***Traslación***. The ceremony is performed during which an image of the Black Nazarene dating from  the 16th century is carried by devotees on their shoulders along the streets of Quiapo, Manila.

## History

The Feast of the Black Nazarene marks the traditional _Feast of the Most Holy Name of Jesus_ (the original dedication of Quiapo Church), celebrated by an annual procession of the image of the Nazarene along the streets of Quiapo, Manila.

Despite no document to confirm its exact date, the devotional _Traslación_ is told to have began in January of 1787 when the Nazarene's image was delivered to Quiapo Church from Spain.

Obscurity notwithstanding, the 9th of January is considered today by the Archdiocese of Manila as the image's national _liturgical feast day_ since 2025 from a request granted by the Holy See.

## Observances in other places

- Similar processions replicating the _Traslación_ in Quiapo, Manila are held in other parts of the Philippines. The largest of these is in the city of Cagayan de Oro in Mindanao with a replica of the Black Nazarene image given by the Quiapo Church) in 2009. It has become a focal point for Roman Catholic devotion in Mindanao.

- A replica of the Black Nazarene arrived at the Old Chapel of _St. Rock the Healer Mission Center_ in Catarman, Northern Samar on March 4, 2014. On January 9, 2015, the first _Traslación_ was held when the sacred image was carried on shoulders from the chapel to a church consecrated by Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle.

## Infobox (holiday)

- **holiday name**: Feast of the Black Nazarene
- **type**: Roman Catholic
- **image**: Traslacion Procession.jpg
- **imagesize**: 350px
- **caption**: _Traslación_ of the Black Nazarene in 2024
- **official name**: Feast of the Jesus Nazareno
- **nickname**: _Traslación ng Jesús Nazareno_
Traslación del Nazareno
- **observedby**: Nationwide
- **litcolor**: Red
- **longtype**: Cultural, Religious (Catholic Church, Catholic)
- **significance**: Transfer of the image of Black Nazarene, which is believed to be miraculous by devotees, to Quiapo Church
- **date**: January 9
- **scheduling**: same day each year
- **mdy**: yes
- **duration**: 1 day
- **frequency**: Annual
- **observances**: Procession of the Black Nazarene (Traslación), Holy Mass, Mass attendance, prayers
- **relatedto**: Good Friday
Johannes Skar

**Johannes Skar** (Øyer, 18 November 1837 – 3 February 1914) was a Norwegian educator and folklorist.

## Biography

Skar was born in Øyer, Oppland, Norway, the son of Ole Torsteinsson Skar (1802-1886) and Mari Johannesdotter Lånke (1814-1894). His brother was Professor Matias Skard.

He grew up in the region of Gudbrandsdalen and attended Latin school in Lillehammer _(Lillehammer latinskole_). He studied at the University of Christiania, and graduated in 1860. He then started working as a teacher. From 1883 to 1892, he taught at the Bruuns Folk School (_Bruuns folkehøgskule_) in Sel and Gausdal.

Skar used folklore themes throughout his adult life to create various works. These works include legends, fairy tales, proverbs, riddles, and nursery rhymes. The following year he received a scholarship from the University of Christiania. In 1897, he was awarded a state scholarship that provided him with financial support for the rest of his life. He then moved back to Setesdal.

In 1876, he published a book, a work containing information about life and folklore in Gudbrandsdalen, Norway. His main contributions to Nordic literature are the works _Gamalt o Sætesdal_ (1903-1916),  an eight-volume collection of Old Norse culture from the Setesdal valley, Agder County. Two _posthumous_ volumes were published.

He died in Bygland, Aust-Agder in 1914. He was buried in the cemetery of Årdal Church, Grendi in Bygland. A bust of Johannes Skar was designed by sculptor Dyre Vaa (1903-1980) and cast in bronze. It was erected in the cemetery of Årdal Church in 1924.

## Literature

- Olav Bø (1953) _Johannes Skar, Gudbrandsdølen som skapte Gamalt o Saetesdal_ (Oslo: Olaf Norli)
Gagandeep Kang

**Gagandeep Kang** is an Indian microbiologist who studies and creates vaccines for enteric diseases. Microbiology is the study of organisms that are too small to see with the naked eye. An enteric disease is a sickness that hurts people's digestive system. Kang has found vaccines for Rotavirus. Rotavirus is common in India and other countries around the world. She was the chair of the World Health Organization's South East Asian Region’s Immunization Technical Advisory Group.  Kang now works as a director at the Gates Foundation.

## Early life

Kang was born in 1962 and went to Christian Medical College, Vellore, where she started researching enteric diseases such as salmonella, shigella, and typhoid fever. She got a Doctor of Philosophy in 1998, focusing on a type of bacteria that caused diarrhea.

## Career

Kang's job was to develop vaccines for enteric diseases. Some vaccines that she has created include Rotavac and Rotasiil, which are vaccines for a common virus in India called the Rotavirus. She has also written over 300 scientific publications and co-authored the best-selling book “Till We Win”.
Kang was the chair of the World Health Organization SEAR’s Immunization Technical Advisory Group. She also built enteric disease surveillance networks for Rotavirus and Typhoid fever. Her achievements include the Young National Women Bioscientist award in 2006 as well as the Infosys Prize in Life Sciences in 2016.
Saskatchewan Highway 1

**Highway 1** (**Saskatchewan Highway 1**), is a highway in Saskatchewan that is part of the Trans-Canada Highway in Canada. The highway in Saskatchewan is about  long. Unlike other provinces in Canada, the exit numbers are numbered from east to west (starting at zero from the Manitoba border, and increasing exit numbers as we move west to the Alberta border). The road is also a main link between southern Saskatchewan's cities (like Regina, Saskatchewan) and the main link between Alberta and Manitoba.

## Related pages

- British Columbia Highway 1
- Alberta Highway 1
- Manitoba Highway 1
Soul Train

**Soul Train** is an American musical variety television show. After airing locally on WCIU-TV in Chicago, Illinois, for a year, it aired in syndication from October 2, 1971, to March 25, 2006. In its 35-year history, the show primarily featured performances by R&B, soul, and hip hop artists. It was created by Don Cornelius, who also served as its first and longest-serving host and executive producer.
Star Wars: Young Jedi Adventures

**Star Wars: Young Jedi Adventures** is an American animated children's television series. It was created for the streaming service Disney+ and the television network Disney Jr. It is part of the Star Wars franchise and follows a group of younglings as they learn to become Jedi Knights during the High Republic era, centuries before the main Star Wars films. It is produced by Lucasfilm Animation and Wild Canary Animation, with Michael Olson as showrunner and Elliot Bour as supervising director. It is the first full-length animated Star Wars television series targeted at young audiences. The series premiered on May 4, 2023.
Fast Layne

***Fast Layne***  is an American comedy television series. It was created by Travis Braun. It aired on the Disney Channel from February 15 to March 31, 2019. The series stars Sophie Pollono, Sofia Rosinsky, Brandon Rossel, and Winslow Fegley. In the town of Cedarville, Layne Reed is a brilliant girl whose parents Cheryl and Rob are away so her aunt came to her house to watch over her. While working in a school campaign against her rival Jasper Marr at Cedarville Middle School, she and her friend Zora Morris stumble upon an intelligent car named VIN who is pursued by some people led by Kwon and Riggins. When Layne gets her DNA sequenced with VIN, she becomes the car's operator.
Nothing More

**Nothing More** is an American rock band. They are from San Antonio, Texas. Formed in 2003, they spent much of the 2000s recording independent albums and struggling to maintain a steady lineup or attract record label interest. Towards the end of the decade, the band's long-time drummer, Jonny Hawkins, decided to switch to being the band's frontman and lead vocalist, stabilizing the band's core lineup along with other long-time members Mark Vollelunga (guitar) and Daniel Oliver (bass).
Tipsy cake

A **tipsy cake** is a sweet dessert cake made of "fresh sponge cakes soaked in good sherry and good brandy". It is a variety of the English trifle. It is  popular in the American South. Tipsy cake is often served as a dessert or at church socials and neighbourhood gatherings. It was a dessert known by most people by the mid 19th century.

In the mid-18th century, tipsy cake was brought to the American colonies by the British. The recipe at that time included cake or biscuits, alcohol, and custard put together.

A way of making the cake combines leftover pound and/or angel food cake, fruit jam, one ounce whiskey, five ounces sherry, and warm vanilla pie filling (or custard). All the ingredients except the pie filling are mixed together. Then the warm pie filling/custard is poured on it and then the dish is chilled. Whipped cream is poured onto the dish just before it is served.

## Related pages

- Trifle
- Cuisine of the Southern United States
- Cassata
- List of custard desserts

## Infobox (prepared food)

- **name**: Tipsy cake
- **image**: Dinner by Heston Blumenthal, Knightsbridge, London (5881681299) (cropped).jpg
- **image size**: 250px
- **caption**: A tipsy cake
- **country**: England
- **type**: Cake
- **main ingredient**: Sponge cake, sherry, brandy, sometimes Bourbon whiskey, bourbon or Tennessee whiskey
Animal Farm (song)

"**Animal Farm**" is a 1968 song by British band The Kinks and is the eighth track from their sixth studio album _The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society_. It was named after the 1945 novella "Animal Farm" by George Orwell.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: Animal Farm
- **artist**: the Kinks
- **album**: The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society
- **recorded**: March 1968
- **studio**: Pye Studios, Pye, London
- **genre**: Pop music, Pop
- **length**: 2:57
- **label**: Pye Records, Pye
- **writer**: Ray Davies
- **producer**: Ray Davies
Philip the Handsome

**Philip the Handsome** (also known as **the Fair**; born 22 June or July 1478 – died 25 September 1506) was the ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands and the titular Duke of Burgundy from 1482 to 1506. He also briefly became King of Castile as **Philip I** in 1506.

He was the son of Maximilian of Austria (who later became Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I) and Mary of Burgundy. Philip became ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands after his mother died in a riding accident when he was almost four years old.

Even though he was young, Philip became popular for ruling well—he kept peace and helped the economy grow in the Low Countries.

In 1496, his father arranged for him to marry Joanna of Castile, the daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. At the same time, Philip’s sister Margaret married Joanna’s brother, John, Prince of Asturias.

After John, Joanna’s sister Isabella, and her nephew Miguel da Paz all died, Joanna became the heiress presumptive to the thrones of Castile and Aragon.

When Queen Isabella died in 1504, Joanna became queen, and Philip was declared king in 1506. But Philip died not long after, and Joanna was left heartbroken. Her father, Ferdinand II of Aragon, and her son, Charles, quickly took over and kept Joanna locked away for the rest of her life, saying she was mentally ill.

Although Philip never became Holy Roman Emperor, his son Charles inherited a huge empire that included the Habsburg, Burgundian, Castilian, and Aragonese lands. This made Philip the first Habsburg ruler in Spain and the ancestor of all later Spanish monarchs.

## Infobox (royalty)

- **image**: File:16e eeuw onbekend schilder - Filips de Schone, Aartshertog van Oostenrijk, Hertog van Bourgondie.jpg
- **issue**: *Eleanor, Queen of France
*Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles I of Spain
*Isabella, Queen of Denmark and Norway
*Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
*Mary, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia
*Catherine, Queen of Portugal
- **name**: Philip the Handsome
- **succession**: Kingdom of Castile, King of Castile and Léon
- **reign**: 26th November 1504-25th September 1506
- **coronation**: 27th June 1505, Zamora
- **religion**: Roman Catholic
- **signature**: File:Signatur Philipp I. (Kastilien).PNG
- **mother**: Mary, Duchess of Burgundy
- **father**: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
- **co-monarch**: Ferdinand II of Aragon, Ferdinand II
- **predecessor**: Isabella I of Castile, Isabella I
- **successor**: Joanna, Queen of Castile and Aragon, Joanna the Mad
- **birth date**: 22nd June/July 1478
- **birth place**: Bruges, Flanders, Belgium
- **death date**: 25th September 1506 (age 28)
- **death place**: Burgos, Castile, Spain
- **burial date**: Royal Chapel of Granada
- **spouse**: Joanna, Queen of Castile and Aragon, Joanna the Mad m.1496
Equivalence class

In set theory, an **equivalence class** is a collection of things that are considered "equal" by some equivalence relation. An equivalence class can be a set or a proper class.

For example, the odd numbers and even numbers are equivalence classes of the integers under the equivalence relation "congruent modulo 2".
Cetotherium

***Cetotherium*** (meaning "whale beast") was a genus of baleen whale from the family Cetotheriidae. It lived during the Miocene and Pliocene.

## Description

_Cetotherium riabini_ possibly followed a generalized feeding strategy combining continuous suction feeding with intermittent suction feeding.

## Taxonomy

The Cetotheriidae and this genus have been used as wastebasket taxa for all baleen whale types. This family was thought to have been long gone during the Pliocene, up until 2012, where scientists recovered the pygmy right whale (_Caperea marginata_) as the only survivor.

### Formerly assigned species

This is a list of species that have probably got moved to another genus or removed from _Cetotherium_:

- _Cetotherium furlongi_
- _Cetotherium gastaldii_ (now type species of the genus _Eschrichtioides_)
- _Cetotherium klinderi_
- _Cetotherium maicopicum_
- _Cetotherium mayeri_ (reassigned to the genus _Mithridatocetus_, nomen dubium)

## Evolution

During the Oligocene period, the cetotheres started to emerge. From an evolutionary perspective, they share some characteristics of the Balaenopteridae and Eschrichtiidae.

## Other websites

- https://www.gbif.org/species/4970908
Cyclopentadiene

**Cyclopentadiene** is an organic compound made of carbon and hydrogen. It has the chemical formula .

## Uses

Cyclopentadiene's two double bonds are held on the same side of the single bond between them by the cycle structure. This shape is very close to the shape needed for the Diels-Alder reaction. It is much easier for cyclopentadiene to go through this reaction than other dienes. It reacts with ethylene to make norbornene, and with other alkenes to make substituted norbornenes like vinyl norbornene (from butadiene).

Cyclopentadiene is a very weak acid. It reacts with strong bases to make the aromatic cyclopentadienide anion. Sodium cyclopentadienide is an important ingredient in making metallocenes, a class of organometallic compounds used as catalysts.
Nespresso

**Nestlé Nespresso S.A.**, trading as **Nespresso**, is a business unit that is a part of the Nestlé Group, based in Vevey, Switzerland. Nespresso machines brew espresso and coffee using coffee capsules (or pods for home or professional machines), which are pre-measured single-use container, or reusable capsules. These pods are filled with ground coffee beans, sometimes with added flavorings. Once inserted into a machine, the capsules are opened by poking them with a small, sharp tool and are then processed. Water is then forced against a heating element at high pressure, meaning that only the quantity for a single cup is warmed. By 2011,  Nespresso had annual sales in excess of 3 billion Swiss francs, or over 3.7 billion United States dollars. The word Nespresso is a portmanteau of "Nestlé" and "Espresso", a common naming method used across other Nestlé brands (Nescafé, BabyNes, Nesquik). Founded in **1986**, Nespresso operates a direct-to-consumer business model through **Nespresso Boutiques**, online sales, and the **Nespresso Club**. The company produces multiple machine systems, including OriginalLine and VertuoLine, and operates capsule recycling programs as part of its sustainability efforts.
Tracy Spencer

**Tracy Freeman** (born 5 January 1962), better known as **Tracy Spencer**, is a British Italo disco singer and actress, discovered by the Italian record producer and talent scout Claudio Cecchetto. Born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, she is best known for the song "Run to Me", which won the 1986 Festivalbar and was No. 1 on the Italian hit parade.
DHT (band)

**DHT** (sometimes stylized as D.H.T., acronym for **Dance House Trance**) was a Belgian duo consisting of singer Edmée Daenen (born 25 March 1985 in Kortrijk) and Flor Theeuwes, also known as DJ Da Rick (born 28 August 1976 in Turnhout). It had a hit in the US and Australia in 2005, with its cover version of "Listen to Your Heart", originally recorded by Roxette. The track reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart in December of that year. Marketing of the song often referenced DHT as an acronym for Definite Hit Track. On 14 June, 2019, the duo unveiled a previously unreleased album, titled #2 on Apple Music, Spotify, and other music portals.
Swiss Miss

**Swiss Miss** is an American brand name for cocoa powder and pudding products created by Charles Sanna and sold by American food company Conagra Brands.
SSQ (band)

**SSQ** (formerly **Q**) is a synthpop outfit consisting of Stacey Swain, Jon St. James, and past members include Dan Van Patten and John Van Tongeren, Rich West, Karl Moët and Skip Hahn. Their debut album Playback received praise from critics when released in 1983. As of 2020, Jon St. James and Stacey Swain resurfaced as SSQ, releasing a full length album of new material titled Jet Town Je t’aime. As Stacey Q, Swain had a solo hit with her single “Two of Hearts” in 1986. SSQ members stayed on as her band for television and concert performances.
Nico & Vinz

**Nico & Vinz** are a Norwegian pop duo from Oslo. The current members are Kahouly Nicolay "Nico" Sereba and Vincent "Vinz" Dery. They formed in 2010 as Envy but changed their name to Nico & Vinz by the end of 2012. Their biggest hit single was "Am I Wrong", released in 2013. It went to number 2 in Norway, Denmark and Sweden, number 1 in the United Kingdom and number 4 in the United States.

## Related pages

- Ylvis
- Pvris
Pvris

**Pvris** (pronounced **"Paris"** and stylized **PVRIS**) is an American pop rock band from Lowell, Massachusetts. They were founded in 2012. The band members are vocalist Lynn Gunn and bassist Brian MacDonald. It has released four studio albums: _White Noise_ (2014), _All We Know of Heaven, All We Need of Hell_ (2017), _Use Me_ (2020), and _Evergreen_ (2023).
Ylvis

**Ylvis** are a Norwegian comedy duo consisting of brothers Vegard and Bård Ylvisåker. They debuted as professional variety artists in 2000 and have since appeared in several countries in variety shows, comedy concerts, television shows, radio shows and music videos. They hosted the Norwegian talk show I kveld med Ylvis (Tonight with Ylvis) (2011–2016). Their song and music video "The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)", written and filmed for the talk show, went viral on YouTube in September 2013. The video has over 1.1 billion views as of July 2024. They released an album called Ylvis: Volume I, a compilation of ten older singles. In 2018, the brothers released a series titled Stories from Norway, in which they collected headlining stories from Norway and presented them as short musical documentaries to address satire, fun and comedy.

## See also

- Pvris
- Nico & Vinz
Diamante (musician)

**Diamante Azzura Bovelli** (born September 7, 1996), known mononymously as **Diamante**, is an American singer and songwriter.

## Related pages

- Pvris
- Halestorm
- Flyleaf
- Lacuna Coil
- Paramore
- Evanescence
- Ylvis
- Lizé Santana
- Selena Lee Canales
- Signs
Flyleaf (band)

**Flyleaf** is an American rock band formed in Belton, Texas, in 2002. The band has charted on mainstream rock, Christian pop, and Christian metal charts. They performed around the US in 2003 before releasing their 2005 debut album of the same name. The album went platinum after selling more than one million copies. Flyleaf released their second album, _Memento Mori_, in 2009, which debuted and peaked at number 8 on the _Billboard_ Hot 100.
Vallenato

**Vallenato** is a popular folk music genre from Colombia. It mostly comes from the country's Caribbean region.

## Name

Vallenato means "born in the valley." The valley where it got its name is located in northeast Colombia, between Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Serranía de Perijá.

The name also applies to the people from the city where this genre came from: Valledupar (from the place named Valle de Upar – "Valley of Upar").

## Importance

In 2006, vallenato and cumbia were added as a category in the Latin Grammy Awards.

Colombia's traditional vallenato music is Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, according to UNESCO.
Grupera

**Grupera** (also known as **Grupero** or **Onda Grupera**) is a subgenre of regional Mexican music. It reached the height of its popularity in the 1990s, especially in rural areas. Grupera music traces its roots to the rock groups of the 1960s yet has evolved significantly over time. Typically performed by ensembles of four or more musicians, the genre prominently features electric guitars, Musical keyboards, and drums. The popularity of grupera music surged notably during the 1980s, propelling it into commercial viability and establishing its place within the Latin music landscape. Today, the genre is widely acknowledged and celebrated in prestigious Latin music awards ceremonies such as Lo Nuestro Awards and the Latin Grammy Awards, reflecting its enduring influence and cultural significance across Latin America and beyond. Grupera music is a distinct Mexican musical genre that blends traditional ranchera melodies with influences from norteño and other regional styles like corridos, cumbias, charangas, ballads, boleros and huapangos.
Punta

**Punta** is an Afro-Indigenous dance and cultural music deeply rooted in the cultural traditions of the Honduran Garifuna communities. In addition to Honduras, Garifuna populations can be found in Guatemala (approximately 15,000 people), Belize (around 35,000 people), and Nicaragua (about 10,000 people). It is widely Recognized as the national dance of Honduras, symbolizing resilience, Identity, and pride. Punta has its origins on the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Honduras after it was brought to the Honduran department of Roatán in 1797, where it evolved, blending local Honduran cultural influences with Garifuna African and Arawak elements. Punta is a vibrant representation of the community's heritage. It is also referred to as Banguity or Bunda.
Superchick

**Superchick**, originally known as **Superchic[k]**, was an American Christian rock/alternative pop band that debuted in 1999 and disbanded in 2013.

## Genres

Their music incorporated various styles such as pop, punk, rock, rap, and R&B. Their sound has been compared to mainstream artists like No Doubt and Avril Lavigne, only with a heavier sound.

## Performance

Five of their songs reached No. 1 on music charts, and their song _Stand in the Rain_ held the No. 1 spot for nine weeks on R&R Christian Hit Radio (CHR) chart in 2006/2007.

## Related pages

- Pvris
- Flyleaf
- Paramore
- Evanescence
Nikki Cleary

**Brittney Rose "Nikki" Cleary** (born May 11, 1988, Albany, New York) is an American pop-rock singer.

She first entered the pop market with the song "I.M. Me" while still using her given name. Her first album, Everything I Wished For, was released by the Free Falls record label in 2002 after two years of recording. The album reached #45 on the Billboard Top Independent Albums chart. When Cleary signed with Jive Records in summer of 2002, they asked her to change her name because they already had a Britney on their roster. Her eponymous debut album was released a year later.

She appeared on a Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards record in 2003, with her single "1, 2, 3". She also performed on Nickelodeon's All That. Cleary also did a version of "Summertime Guys", used on the Kim Possible soundtrack. Her song "Hated" was on the Mean Girls film soundtrack.

Cleary attended Mohonasen's Draper Middle School in Schenectady, New York, and Clayton A. Bouton High School in Voorheesville, New York. She was married in summer of 2009 and has four children.

## Related pages

- Lumidee
- Mikaila
- M2M
- Innosense
- i5
- No Secrets
- t.A.T.u.
- Stacie Orrico
- Nobody's Angel
- Jada
- Play
- Dream
- Kaci Battaglia
Death and funeral of Pope Francis

On 21 April 2025, Pope Francis died at age 88 in his home, Domus Sanctae Marthae in Vatican City. Francis was pope from 2013 until his death.

Cardinal Kevin Farrell said the news in a Vatican video at 09:47.

## Health problems

Francis had lung problems since he was young. In the 2020s, he had flu and bronchitis in winter. He often used a wheelchair.

People talked about a possible resignation in 2021, but he said no. In 2022, he cancelled a trip because of his knee.

He said he would resign only if his health became too bad.

## Final illness

From 14 February to 23 March, 2025, he was in the hospital with double pneumonia. He got well enough to leave the hospital and rest at his home, the Domus Sanctae Marthae.

## Day before death

On 20 April 2025 (Easter Sunday), he met people in Saint Peter's Square and gave a blessing. He also met U.S. Vice President JD Vance.

## Death

Francis died at 07:35 CEST on 21 April 2025 (Easter Monday). The Vatican said the cause was a stroke and heart failure. He also had type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.

## Conclave

The 2025 papal conclave to choose the next pope after Francis took place between 7 May and 8 May. US Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost was elected as Pope Leo XIV.

## Funeral

Cardinal Kevin Farrell led the rite to confirm the death.

Francis had asked for a simple funeral. On April 22, 2025, the pope's body was shown in the Domus Sanctae Marthae. On the same day, the Holy See said that the funeral of Pope Francis would take place on April 26, 2025, in St. Peter's Square. He was buried in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.

He was the first pope buried outside of the Sistine Chapel since Leo XIII. Leaders who came to the funeral included Giorgia Meloni,Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Javier Milei, Donald Trump, Andrzej Duda, Prince William, Keir Starmer, Emmanuel Macron, and Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

## Related pages

- Death and funeral of Pope Benedict XVI

## Infobox (event)

- **title**: Death and funeral of Pope Francis
Pui Fan Lee

**Pui Fan Lee** (born 1969) is an English actress and television presenter. She is known for portraying Po in the original run of the children's television series _Teletubbies_ between 1997 and 2001, and for presenting the CBeebies preschool education television series _Show Me Show Me_. Lee is also known for being a CBeebies presenter from 2002 to 2009.
Palestinian sports during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip

**Palestinian sports** has gotten worse due to the ongoing Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. As of 26 July 2024, around 400 Palestinian sportspeople, at least 245 of them footballers (69 children and 176 young men), were killed in Israeli attacks according to the Palestine Olympic Committee and the Palestinian Football Association. The Israeli invasions have also led to destruction of stadiums and closure of clubs.

## Stadiums

In January 2024, video emerged of Israeli troops using Yarmouk Stadium as a temporary jail for Palestinian prisoners. A group of armed troops and tanks surrounded the field and people with eyes covered, some "stripped down to their underwear". According to the non-profit Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor, the Israeli army detained hundreds of Palestinians from the Sheikh Radwan neighborhood of Gaza City, including dozens of women who have been taken to Yarmouk Stadium. According to the human rights organization "Palestinian males, including children as young as 10 years old and elderly people over the age of 70, were forced to take off all of their clothes except their underwear and line up in a humiliating manner in front of the women detained in the same stadium".

Many stadiums in Gaza were among the structures destroyed by Israeli air and artillery attacks, and some football fields have been repurposed as temporary burial sites for some of the deceased due to the overcrowding or inaccessibility of many cemeteries.
Stamp (disambiguation)

- **Stamp** is commonly identified with mail delivery, but can have different applications and variances:
- _Postage stamp_, a piece of paper indicating that a postal delivery service has been paid in advance
- _Commemorative stamp_, issued to honor special events, individuals or themes, usually collected but never used
- _Official stamp_, used by government offices for official mail
- _Revenue stamp_, used on legal documents in the collection of taxes or fees
- _Date stamp_, for imprinting dates on documents
- _Address stamp_, for printing personal or business addresses on correspondence
- _Notary stamp_, used by notaries to authenticate documents

- **Stamp** may also be a proper noun, an English surname.
Kannan Rajarathinam

**Kannan Rajarathinam** (born 23 August 1962) is an Indian writer, teacher, and former United Nations officer. He worked for the United Nations for 28 years in different countries. He writes books and articles about Tamil Nadu's politics and leaders. He is also a visiting professor at the University of Georgia School of Law.

## Early life and education

Kannan was born in Chennai, India. He studied science at New College in Chennai and law at Madras Law College. Later, he moved to the United States to study for a Master's degree in Law (LLM) at the University of Georgia. He also completed a Ph.D. in International Relations at Tufts University.

## Career with the United Nations

Kannan joined the United Nations in 1993 as a civil affairs officer in Croatia. He worked in countries like Bosnia, Cyprus, Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Sudan. In Cyprus, he helped open a Greek church for worship for the first time in 30 years.

## Writing and books

Kannan started writing articles in Indian newspapers like _The Hindu_, _The Times of India_, and _The News Minute_. He wrote biographies of Tamil political leaders like C. N. Annadurai, M. G. Ramachandran, and a recent book on the DMK political party.

- _Anna: The Life and Times of C.N. Annadurai_ (2010)
- _MGR: A Life_ (2017)
- _The DMK Years_ (2024)

## Personal life

Kannan married Usharani in 1989. They have two children. He says he respects all religions but prefers to call himself agnostic.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Kannan Rajarathinam
- **image**: Kannan Rajarathinam.jpg
- **caption**: Kannan Rajarathinam in 2024
- **birth place**: Chennai, India
- **nationality**: India, Indian
- **citizenship**: India
- **known for**: Writing about Tamil leaders and working with the United Nations
- **children**: 2
Alka Gurjar

is an Indian politician. She is the National General Secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She also works as the Co-incharge of the BJP in Delhi.

Alka Gurjar was a member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from 2013 to 2018. She won the 2013 election from the Bandikui constituency in Rajasthan.

## Life and career

She was born on 21 February 1961 in Malpura, Rajasthan. She has completed M.A., L.L.M., and Ph.D. degrees. She was selected for the Rajasthan Administrative Services (RAS) and completed the training, but did not join government service. Instead, she entered politics.

In 2013, she won the election from the Bandikui constituency and became a Member of the Rajasthan Administrative Service. She served as an MLA until 2018. In the past, she has served as the Spokesperson and Vice President of the BJP in Rajasthan.

Alka Gurjar is married to Nathu Singh Gurjar, a senior BJP leader and former Panchayati Raj Minister in the Rajasthan government.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Pawan Godara
- **birth place**: Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- **nationality**: Indian
- **occupation**: Politician
- **party**: rashtriy loktantrik party
- **office**: National General Secretary
- **office1**: Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, Member of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
- **constituency1**: Jodhpur
- **term start1**: 2025
- **term end1**: 2025
- **spouse**: Nathu Singh Gurjar
Anomaloglossus moffetti

The **Sarisariñama rocket frog** (_Anomaloglossus moffetti_) is a frog.  Scientists found it in Venezuela and they think it might also live in Brazil.

## Body

The adult female frog can be as big as 26.9 mm from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is brown with dark spots. The belly and bottoms of the back legs are yellow or orange in color. There is a white or yellow stripe on each side of the body. The sides of the body are black in color with silver-white spots and sometimes brown-orange stripes. There is light brown or orange color under each eye. There are small blue spots on top of the mouth.

## Name

Scientists named this frog after photographer Mark Moffett.

## Home

Scientists saw this frog in streams and near waterfalls. Scientists saw it on the Sarisariñama-tepui flatland 1108 meters above sea level.

Scientists saw the frog in Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park.

## Young

Scientists think that the tadpoles swim in streams, but they did not see them.

## Danger

Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out.  Climate change could kill this frog because it lives in such a small place.  Because it lives high above sea level, it would be hard for the frog to move somewhere else if the place becomes too hot or too dry. Climate change could also change the plants in the frog's home too much for the frog to live there. Diseases from fungi, bacteria, and viruses can also kill this frog.
Mammoth WVH

**Mammoth WVH** is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 2015.

## Influences

The band's influences include Velvet Revolver, CO-OP, Evanescence, Lostprophets, Pop Evil, Lenny Kravitz, Year Long Disaster, Winger, Wolfmother, Dweezil Zappa, The Dives, The Darkness, Sons of Albion, Bush, The Struts, The Vamps, Skindred, Spacehog, The Who, Drowning Pool, Godsmack, Intwine and The Offspring.

## Members

- Wolfgang Van Halen - lead vocals, rhythm guitar (2015-present)
- Frank Sidoris - rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2015-present)
- Jonathan Jourdan - lead guitar, backing vocals (2015-present)
- Ronnie Ficarro - bass, backing vocals (2015-present)
- Garrett Whitlock - drums, percussion (2015-present)

## Other websites

- Mammoth WVH official website
Hemarthrosis

**Hemarthrosis** is a bleeding into joint spaces. It is a common feature of hemophilia.

## Related pages

- Commons (Hemarthrosis images)

## Infobox (medical condition (new))

- **name**: Hemarthrosis
- **synonyms**: Haemarthrosis
- **image**: Lipohemarthrosis.png
- **caption**: Lipohemarthrosis (blood and fat in the joint space) seen in a person with a subtle tibia, tibial plateau bone fracture, fracture. The arrow indicates a fluid level between the upper fat component and the lower blood component.
- **field**: Rheumatology
- **symptoms**: Joint pain, Joint effusion, swelling, and erythema, redness
Herta Oberheuser

**Herta Oberheuser** (15 May 1911 – 24 January 1978) was a German Nazi physician and convicted war criminal known for her brutal medical experiments on prisoners at the Ravensbrück concentration camp for women during World War II. she spent 20 years in prison.

She spent her childhood in Düsseldorf, where she began her medical studies in 1931. She obtained her medical degree in dermatology from the University of Bonn in 1937, later, she joined the Nazi Party.

Experiments included infecting wounds with foreign objects (rusty nails, glass, dirt, sawdust), deliberately causing injuries, and performing bone, muscle, and nerve tissue removal without anesthesia.

She also killed children with lethal injections and removed their limbs and organs, with victims remaining conscious until death.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Herta Oberheuser
- **image**: Herta Oberheuser.jpg
- **caption**: Oberheuser in 1946 or 1947
- **birth place**: Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, German Empire
- **death place**: Linz am Rhein, Rhineland-Palatinate, West Germany
- **nationality**: German
- **occupation**: Physician, field in dermatology
- **years active**: 1937–1945, 1952–1958
- **known for**: Performing medical atrocities on prisoners at the Ravensbrück concentration camp
- **criminal status**: Deceased
- **conviction**: War crimes
Crimes against humanity
- **criminal penalty**: 20 years in prison; commuted to 10 years in prison; served only 5 years (released for good behavior)
- **trial**: Doctors' trial
- **party**: Nazi Party
Vini Ricordi–Pinarello–Sidermec

**Vini Ricordi–Pinarello–Sidermec** was a professional Italian cycling team. The team existed from 1982 to 1986. The team was in the 1983 Tour de France. They won the mountains classification. Their leader was Lucien Van Impe. In that classification, they won 3 stages.

## Infobox (cycling team)

- **name**: Vini Ricordi–Pinarello–Sidermec
- **registered**: Italy
- **discipline**: Road bicycle racing, Road
- **bicycles**: Pinarello
- **season**: 1982–1984
1985–1986
- **oldname**: Metauro Mobili–Pinarello
Vini Ricordi–Pinarello–Sidermec
Cibo Matto

**Cibo Matto** is an American rock band formed in New York City in 1994.

## Members

- Miho Hatori - lead vocals, guitars (1994-2017)
- Yuka Honda - keyboards, backing vocals (1994-2017)
- Sean Lennon - bass, backing vocals (1994-2017)
- Timo Elis - drums (1994-2017)

## Other websites

- Cibo Matto official website (archive)