Global 200

The **Global 200** is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as priorities for conservation. According to the WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species, dynamics, and environmental conditions (Dinerstein et al. 1995, TNC 1997)."

The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: **critical or endangered**; **vulnerable**; and **relatively stable or intact**. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.

#### Afrotropic

- Guinean moist forests
- Congolian coastal forests
- Cameroon Highlands forests
- Northeastern Congolian lowland forests
- Central Congolian lowland forests
- Western Congolian moist forests
- Albertine Rift montane forests
- East African Coastal Forests
- Eastern African montane forests
- Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
- Seychelles and Mascarene Islands moist forests

#### Australasia

- Sulawesi moist forests
- Moluccas moist forests
- Southern New Guinea lowland forests
- New Guinea montane forests
- Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests
- Queensland tropical rain forests
- New Caledonia moist forests
- Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands forests

#### Indomalaya

- South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
- Sri Lanka moist forests
- Northern Indochina Subtropical moist forests
- Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
- Taiwan montane forests
- Annamite Range moist forests
- Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
- Philippines moist forests
- Palawan moist forests
- Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests
- Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
- Borneo lowland and montane forests
- Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests
- Eastern Deccan Plateau moist forests
- Naga-Manipuri-Chin hills moist forests
- Cardamom Mountains moist forests
- Western Java montane forests

#### Neotropic

- Greater Antillean moist forests
- Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
- Choco-Darien moist forests
- Northern Andean montane forests
- Coastal Venezuela montane forests
- Guianan moist forests
- Napo moist forests
- Rio Negro-Jurua moist forests
- Guayana Highlands moist forests
- Central Andean yungas
- Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
- Atlantic forests

#### Oceania

- South Pacific Islands forests
- Hawaii moist forests

#### Afrotropic

- Madagascar dry deciduous forests

#### Australasia

- Nusa Tenggara dry forests
- New Caledonia dry forests

#### Indomalaya

- Indochina dry forests
- Chhota-Nagpur dry forests

#### Neotropic

- Mexican dry forests
- Tumbesian-Andean valleys dry forests
- Chiquitano dry forests
- Atlantic dry forests

#### Oceania

- Hawaii dry forests

#### Nearctic

- Sierra Madre Oriental and Occidental pine-oak forests

#### Neotropic

- Greater Antillean pine forests
- Mesoamerican pine-oak forests

#### Australasia

- Eastern Australia temperate forests
- Tasmanian temperate rain forests
- New Zealand temperate forests

#### Indomalaya

- Eastern Himalayan broadleaf and conifer forests
- Western Himalayan temperate forests

#### Nearctic

- Appalachian and mixed mesophytic forests

#### Palearctic

- Southwest China temperate forests
- Russian Far East temperate forests

#### Nearctic

- Pacific temperate rain forests
- Klamath-Siskiyou forests
- Sierra Nevada forests
- Southeastern coniferous and broadleaf forests

#### Neotropic

- Valdivian temperate rain forests-Juan Fernandez Islands

#### Palearctic

- European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
- Caucasus-Anatolian-Hycanian temperate forests
- Altai-Sayan montane forests
- Hengduan Shan coniferous forests

#### Nearctic

- Muskwa-Slave Lake boreal forests
- Canadian taiga

#### Palearctic

- Ural Mountains taiga
- East Siberian taiga;
- Kamchatka taiga and grasslands

#### Afrotropic

- Horn of Africa acacia savannas
- East African acacia savannas
- Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
- Sudanian savannas

#### Australasia

- Northern Australia and Trans-Fly savannas

#### Indomalaya

- Terai-Duar savannas and grasslands

#### Neotropic

- Llanos savannas
- Cerrado woodlands and savannas

#### Nearctic

- Northern prairie

#### Neotropic

- Patagonian steppe

#### Palearctic

- Daurian steppe

#### Afrotropic

- Sudd-Sahelian flooded grasslands and savannas
- Zambezian flooded savannas

#### Indomalaya

- Rann of Kutch flooded grasslands

#### Neotropic

- Everglades flooded grasslands
- Pantanal flooded savannas

#### Afrotropic

- Ethiopian Highlands
- Southern Rift montane woodlands
- East African moorlands
- Drakenberg montane shrublands and woodlands

#### Australasia

- Central Range subalpine grasslands

#### Indomalaya

- Kinabalu montane shrublands

#### Neotropic

- Northern Andean paramo
- Central Andean dry puna

#### Palearctic

- Tibetan Plateau steppe
- Middle Asian montane steppe and woodlands
- Eastern Himalayan alpine meadows

#### Nearctic

- Alaskan North Slope coastal tundra
- Canadian low arctic tundra

#### Palearctic

- Fenno-Scandia alpine tundra and taiga
- Taimyr and Russian coastal tundra
- Chukote coastal tundra

#### Afrotropic

- Fynbos

#### Australasia

- Southwestern Australia forests and scrub
- Southern Australia mallee and woodlands

#### Nearctic

- California chaparral and woodlands

#### Neotropic

- Chilean Matorral

#### Palearctic

- Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub

#### Afrotropic

- Namib-Karoo-kaokoveld deserts
- Madagascar spiny thicket
- Socotra Island desert
- Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands

#### Australasia

- Carnavon xeric scrub
- Great Sandy-Tanami deserts

#### Nearctic

- Sonoran-Baja deserts
- Chihuahuan-Tehuacan deserts

#### Neotropic

- Galapagos Islands scrub
- Atacama-Sechura deserts

#### Palearctic

- Central Asian deserts

#### Afrotropic

- Gulf of Guinea mangroves
- East African mangroves
- Madagascar mangroves

#### Australasia

- New Guinea mangroves

#### Indomalaya

- Sundarbans mangroves
- Greater Sundas mangroves

#### Neotropic

- Guianan-Amazon mangroves
- Panama Bight mangroves

#### Afrotropic

- Congo River and flooded forests (Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo)

#### Indomalaya

- Mekong River (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)

#### Nearctic

- Colorado River (Mexico, United States)
- Lower Mississippi River (United States)

#### Neotropic

- Amazon River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
- Orinoco River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)

#### Palearctic

- Yangtze River and lakes (China)

#### Afrotropic

- Congo basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)

#### Nearctic

- Mississippi piedmont rivers and streams (United States)

#### Neotropic

- Upper Amazon rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana (France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
- Upper Paraná rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
- Brazilian Shield Amazonian rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

#### Afrotropic

- Niger River delta (Nigeria)

#### Indomalaya

- Indus River Delta (India, Pakistan)

#### Palearctic

- Volga River Delta (Kazakhstan, Russia)
- Mesopotamian delta and marshes (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
- Danube River delta (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
- Lena River delta (Russia)

#### Afrotropic

- Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
- Madagascar freshwater (Madagascar)
- Gulf of Guinea rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
- Cape rivers and streams (South Africa)

#### Australasia

- New Guinea rivers and streams (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
- New Caledonia rivers and streams (New Caledonia)
- Kimberley rivers and streams (Australia)
- Southwest Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
- Eastern Australia rivers and streams (Australia)

#### Indomalaya

- Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
- Western Ghats Rivers and Streams (India)
- Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams (Sri Lanka)
- Salween River (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
- Sundaland rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)

#### Nearctic

- Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
- Pacific Northwest coastal rivers and streams (United States)
- Gulf of Alaska coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)

#### Neotropic

- Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
- Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)

#### Palearctic

- Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
- Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)

#### Afrotropic

- Rift Valley lakes (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)

#### Neotropic

- High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)

#### Palearctic

- Lake Baikal (Russia)
- Lake Biwa (Japan)

#### Afrotropic

- Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)

#### Australasia

- Lakes Kutubu and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
- Central Sulawesi lakes (Indonesia)

#### Indomalaya

- Philippines freshwater (Philippines)
- Inle Lake (Myanmar)
- Yunnan lakes and streams (China)

#### Neotropic

- Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)

#### Australasia

- Central Australian freshwater (Australia)

#### Nearctic

- Chihuahuan freshwater (Mexico, United States)

#### Palearctic

- Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)

#### Antarctic Ocean

- Antarctic Peninsula & Weddell Sea

#### Arctic Ocean

- Bering Sea (Canada, Russia, United States)
- Barents-Kara Sea (Norway, Russia)

#### Mediterranean

- Mediterranean Sea (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)

#### North Temperate Atlantic

- Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
- Grand Banks (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
- Chesapeake Bay (United States)

#### North Temperate Indo-Pacific

- Yellow Sea (China, North Korea, South Korea)
- Sea of Okhotsk (Japan, Russia)

#### Southern Ocean

- Patagonian Southwest Atlantic (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
- Southern Australian Marine (Australia)
- New Zealand Marine (New Zealand)

#### North Temperate Indo-Pacific

- California Current (Canada, Mexico, United States)

#### South Temperate Atlantic

- Benguela Current (Namibia, South Africa)

#### South Temperate Indo-Pacific

- Humboldt Current (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
- Agulhas Current (Mozambique, South Africa)

#### Central Indo-Pacific

- Western Australian Marine (Australia)

#### Eastern Indo-Pacific

- Panama Bight (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
- Gulf of California (Mexico)
- Galápagos Marine (Ecuador)

#### Eastern Tropical Atlantic

- Canary Current (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)

#### Central Indo-Pacific

- Nansei Shoto (Japan)
- Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
- Bismarck-Solomon Seas (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
- Banda-Flores Sea (Indonesia)
- New Caledonia Barrier Reef (New Caledonia)
- Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
- Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine (Australia)
- Palau Marine (Palau)
- Andaman Sea (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)

#### Eastern Indo-Pacific

- Tahitian Marine (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
- Hawaiian Marine (Hawaii)
- Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
- Fiji Barrier Reef (Fiji)

#### Western Indo-Pacific

- Maldives, Chagos, and Lakshadweep atolls (Chagos Archipelago (United Kingdom), India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
- Red Sea (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
- Arabian Sea (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
- East African Marine (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
- West Madagascar Marine (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses (France), Seychelles)

#### Western Tropical Atlantic

- Mesoamerican Reef (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
- Greater Antillean Marine (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
- Southern Caribbean Sea (Aruba, Columbia, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
- Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine (Brazil)

## Related pages

- Biodiversity

## Other websites

- Map of the Global 200
- Conservation status map of the global 200
- List of the Global 200