juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Joseph Cook

**Sir Joseph Cook** (7 December 1860 – 30 July 1947) was the sixth Prime Minister of Australia from June 1913 until September 1914. He was Prime Minister when World War I started. He moved to London when he retired.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rt Hon Sir Joseph Cook
- **image**: Joseph Cook PM.jpg
- **order**: 6th Prime Minister of Australia
- **term start**: 24 June 1913
- **term end**: 17 September 1914
- **predecessor**: Andrew Fisher
- **successor**: Andrew Fisher
- **birth place**: Silverdale, England
- **party**: Australian Labor Party, Labor, Free Trade Party, Free Trade/Anti-Socialist, Commonwealth Liberal Party, Fusion
Antihero

An **antihero** is a main character in a story who does not act like a traditional hero. The antihero does not show  idealism, courage, and morality.

The antihero became prominent in early 20th century existentialist works such as Franz Kafka's _The Metamorphosis_ (1915), Jean-Paul Sartre's _La Nausée_ (1938), and Albert Camus' _L'Étranger_ (1942) (). The protagonist in these works is an indecisive central character who drifts through his life and is marked by ennui, angst, and alienation.

Examples of antiheroes from modern pop culture are Marvel Comics The Punisher & Deadpool, Sega's "Shadow The Hedgehog", DC's Batman, Catwoman of Batman, John Constantine, Sweeney Todd, Light Yagami from the _Death Note_ manga / anime series, Robin Hood, V from _V for Vendetta_, and Kratos from the _God of War_ video-game franchise.

From English literature the classic example is Prince Hamlet from _Hamlet_ by William Shakespeare, and from children's literature Discord from _My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic_.

Most of the time it means a character in fiction, television, or movies. Sometimes it is used to mean a real person. Sometimes the antihero is linked to the author's social critique or message to the reader: for example, the unnamed protagonist in Fyodor Dostoyevsky's _Notes from Underground_.

The whole concept was the subject of a book by Colin Wilson called _The Outsider_. There the author imagines he is in the position of many of his favourite characters in fiction, such as Dostoevsky's Raskolnikov.

## Related pages

- False protagonist
- Villain
- Antagonist
Hestia

**Hestia** is a virgin Greek goddess of the hearth, home and fire.  It was believed all hearths were her altars.  She also symbolized the alliance between colonies and their mother cities. Her sacred animal is the pig.

## Family

Hestia is the older sister of Demeter and Hera, and is also the sister of Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades. Her parents are Titans Rhea and Kronos.

## Myths

Hestia was originally one of the Twelve Olympians.  Her throne was described as plain, being made of wood with a woolen white cushion. She did not choose an emblem for herself.

Hestia was the first to be swallowed by her father Kronos when he ate the Twelve Olympians, and the last to be disgorged.

Zeus assigned Hestia to tend the sacred fire on Mount Olympus. Because she could not leave the hearth, Hestia did not have many stories centered around her.

In ancient tales, Hestia refused the marriage offers of Apollo (her nephew) and Poseidon (her brother). She vowed on the River Styx to forever be a virgin goddess.

## Worship

Hestia was always the first to receive offerings at every sacrifice in a household. Any hearth of a household was forbidden to go out unless the fire was ritually extinguished and ritually revived. The hearth of the prytaneum was Hestia's official sanctuary. When a new colony was formed, a flame from Hestia's public hearth in the mother city would be carried to the new settlement.

## Related pages

- Vesta (mythology), a Roman version of Hestia.

## Infobox (deity)

- **type**: Greek
- **name**: Hestia
- **image**: Hestia Giustiniani.jpg
- **caption**: The Giustiniani Hestia
- **god of**: Goddess of the hearth, sacrificical fire and flame, home, domesticity, family, protection, architecture and the state
- **abode**: Delphi or Mount Olympus
- **symbol**: The hearth and its fire
- **parents**: Cronus and Rhea (mythology), Rhea
- **siblings**: Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus, Chiron
- **planet**: 46 Hestia, 4 Vesta
- **roman equivalent**: Vesta (mythology), Vesta
Alison Balsom

**Alison Balsom** (born 7 October 1978, Hertfordshire) is an English trumpeter.  She grew up in Royston, Hertfordshire in England.  She studied the trumpet at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, the Paris Conservatory, and also with Håkan Hardenberger.  She is a BBC Radio 3 New Generation Artist.  She has made three CD albums with EMI Classics and has been described by many as the best trumpeter of the young generation.

## Discography

- Alison Balsom: _Music for Trumpet and Organ_ (EMI Classics Debut, 2002)
- Alison Balsom & Crispian Steele-Perkins: _The Fam'd Italian Masters_ (Hyperion, 2003)
- Alison Balsom: _Bach works for Trumpet_ (EMI Classics, 2005)
- Alison Balsom: _Caprice_ (EMI Classics, 2006)
- Alison Balsom: _Haydn and Hummel Trumpet Concertos_ (EMI Classics, 2008)
- Alison Balsom: _Italian Concertos_ (EMI Classics, 2010)

The BBC Music Magazine cover disc for December 2010 has: Haydn & Hummel concertos (not the 2008 EMI recordings); Albinoni's Oboe Concerto Op. 9 No. 2, transcribed for trumpet; and Vivaldi's Violin Concerto Op. 3 No. 9, arranged for trumpet and instrumental trio.

## Awards

- Concerto finalist in the BBC Young Musicians Competition, 1998
- Feeling Musique Prize for quality of sound in the 4th Maurice André International Trumpet Competition.
- Young British Performer at the Classical Brit Awards, 2006
- Classic FM Listeners' Choice Award, 2006

## Other websites

- Alison Balsom Official website
- Caprice album microsite
- Alison Balsom on MySpace
Continuity

**Continuity** is a word used when talking about art, especially _serial art_. Serial art is when an artist paints several pictures which all have something to do with each other.

### Pop culture

The six Star Wars films tell one long story which _continues_ from part to part. This is where the word _continuity_ comes from. Continuity refers to consistency from part to part, i.e. everything should fit together like one whole piece.

At the end of the Star Wars film The Empire Strikes Back, Luke Skywalker loses one of his hands.  In the next film, Return of the Jedi, he has a fake hand to replace the one he lost. If he had his real hand again, it wouldn't make sense.  The audience would say, did not he lose his hand in the last one? Continuity is making sure things make sense.

### Art

Sometimes the word is used to refer to any work of art, like just one film. For instance, a woman has a full glassof wine in one shot.  In the next shot, the wine is gone. In a third shot, she has a full glass of wine again. That scene would have very poor continuity: it does not make sense, and it reminds the audience that they are watching a movie. Poor continuity is continuity that does not make sense and usually has mistakes.

### Books

In American comic books, many different characters live in the same world.  For instance, Superman and Aquaman live in the same world.  But if Superman goes to Atlantis and it's different than Aquaman's Atlantis, it does not make sense.  If they are in the same world, Atlantis should be the same no matter who visits it.

Making sure that all the different stories and characters fit together is working with continuity.  Sometimes, the word is used to talk about the stories
themselves.
Håkan Hardenberger

**Håkan Hardenberger** (born 1961, Malmö) is a Swedish trumpeter.  He started playing the trumpet when he was eight.  His teacher was Bo Nilsson, When he left school he studied in Paris and Los Angeles.  He is one of the world’s most famous trumpeters.  He plays well-known pieces of Classical music and has also asked living composers like Harrison Birtwistle, Hans Werner Henze and Arvo Pärt to write music for him.

## Other websites

- Official website
Skink

**Skinks** are a family of small lizards, the  **Scincidae**.  There are over 1,500 different species of skink.

Skinks are different from other lizards. They have very small legs and necks. Some have no legs at all; these move more like snakes than lizards. Their tails can grow back when part of it is cut off. This is called regeneration.

Skinks are small: most can only grow to be 12cm long. Some can grow to be 35cm. A trait  of skinks is a love of digging and burrowing. Underground they are mostly safe from predators. Sometimes they dig tunnels for easy navigation. They also use their tongues to sniff the air and track their prey. When they encounter their prey, they chase it down until they corner it or manage to land a bite and then swallow it whole. Some skinks live in trees. If they do, then they usually have longer fingers.

Many skinks are insectivorous. They may also eat other small invertebrates like earthworms, millipedes, slugs, cockroaches and snails. Some skinks supplement their diet with fruit and vegetables.

Skinks have been around a long time: their jawbones appear in the fossil record about 140 million years ago, during the early Cretaceous. Definitively skink fossils appear later, during the Miocene period.
Geronimo Stilton (character)

**Geronimo** is a character in the _Geronimo Stilton_ series. He is the publisher of the Rodent's Gazeete.

According to himself, the real creator is Edizoni Piemme, who once published the
Italian books by Piemme/Junior.
There are many books of his series. One of them is _All Because of a Cup of Coffee_.

## Books

|Lost Treasure of the Emerald Eye|
| --- |
|The Curse of the Cheese Pyramid|
|Cat and Mouse in a Haunted House|
|I'm Too Fond of My Fur!|
|Four Mice Deep in the Jungle|
|Paws Off, Cheddarface!|
|Red Pizzas for a Blue Count|
|Attack Of The Bandit Cats|
|A Fabumouse Vacation for Geronimo|

## Relatives

Younger sister - Thea Stilton

Cousin - Trap Stilton

Nephew - Benjamin Stilton

Grandfather - William Shortpaws

Niece - Bugsy Wugsy
Dionysus

**Dionysus** (, also spelt **Dionysos**, **Dionysius**) is the Greek god of frenzies, festivities, spiritual ecstasy, wine, and alcohol in general.
Amongst the Orphists (who are a select group of followers of the Ancient Greek Religion) Dionysus is considered a saviour.

## Mythology

There are two stories on how Dionysus was born. One says that he was the son of Zeus and Semele. The other says that he was the son of Zeus and Persephone, queen of the Underworld. Either way, in both stories Dionysus is sent to the Underworld by Zeus' jealous wife Hera. After that, he is saved and brought to life. Other sources say that he was half god half mortal and then later turned into a full god

Dionysus was the god of celebrations. He was also the god of wine. According to a myth, the Titans lured Dionysus with toys and wanted to eat him. When Zeus found out, it was too late and they had eaten everything except his heart. With that Zeus put the heart in the womb of Semele and he was born again.

## Related pages

- Bacchus - Roman mythology version of Dionysus
- Dionysian Mysteries

## Infobox (deity)

- **type**: Greek
- **name**: Dionysus
- **image**: Dionysos Louvre Ma87 n2.jpg
- **caption**: Ancient Roman sculpture, 2nd-century Roman statue of Dionysus, after a Hellenistic culture, Hellenistic model (ex-coll. Cardinal Richelieu, Hera, Louvre)
- **god of**: God of the vine, grape-harvest, wine-making, wine, fertility, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, theatre
- **symbol**: Thyrsus, grapevine, bull, Panther (legendary creature), panthers and other big cats
- **consort**: Ariadne
- **parents**: Zeus and Semele
Zeus and Persephone (Orphic)
Amun, Ammon and Amaltheia
- **siblings**: Aeacus, Angelos (Greek mythology), Angelos, Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Eileithyia, Enyo, Eris (mythology), Eris, Ersa, Hebe (mythology), Hebe, Helen of Troy, Hephaestus, Heracles, Hermes, Minos, Pandia, Persephone, Perseus, Rhadamanthus, the Graces, the Horae, the Litae, the Muses, the Moirai
- **children**: Priapus, Hymenaios, Hymen, Thoas (Tauri king), Thoas, Staphylus, Oenopion, Comus, Phthonus, the Graces, Deianira
- **roman equivalent**: Bacchus, Liber
- **etruscan equivalent**: Fufluns
- **greek equivalent**: Iacchus, Zagreus
- **equivalent1 type**: Egyptian
- **equivalent1**: Osiris
Fields Medal

The **Fields Medal** is a prize given to mathematicians who are not over 40 years of age. It is given at each International Congress of the International Mathematical Union. This is a meeting that takes place every four years.

The Canadian mathematician John Charles Fields was the first to propose this medal and it was first awarded in 1936. It has been regularly awarded since 1950. Its purpose is to support younger mathematicians who made major contributions.

The Fields Medal is viewed, at least in the media, as the top honor a mathematician can receive. It comes with a monetary award. In 2006 the award was C$15,000 (US$13,400 or €10,550). The Abel Prize has similar prestige, and more money.

## Conditions of the award

The Fields Medal is often described as the "Nobel Prize of mathematics". But there are several differences. First, it is awarded not only to recognize the valuable contributions of a mathematician but also to encourage him or her to continue their works. The Fields Medals have generally been awarded for a mathematician's whole work.

Another difference is that the Fields Medal is awarded every four years. The recipients cannot be over the age of 40.

## Fields Medalists

- 2022: Hugo Duminil-Copin (France), June Huh (US), James Maynard (UK), Maryna Viazovska (Ukraine)
- 2018: Caucher Birkar (UK-Iran), Alessio Figalli (Italy), Peter Scholze (Germany), Akshay Venkatesh (Australia)
- 2014: Artur Avila (Brazil), Manjul Bhargava (U.S.), Martin Hairer (UK), Maryam Mirzakhani (U.S.)
- 2010: Elon Lindenstrauss (Israel), Ngô Bảo Châu (Vietnam/France), Stanislav Smirnov (Russia), Cédric Villani (France)
- 2006: Andrei Okounkov (Russia), Grigori Perelman (Russia) (_declined award_), Terence Tao (Australia), Wendelin Werner (France)
- 2002: Laurent Lafforgue (France), Vladimir Voevodsky (Russia)
- 1998: Richard Ewen Borcherds (UK), William Timothy Gowers (UK), Maxim Kontsevich (Russia), Curtis T. McMullen (U.S.)
- 1994: Efim Isakovich Zelmanov (Russia), Pierre-Louis Lions (France), Jean Bourgain (Belgium), Jean-Christophe Yoccoz (France)
- 1990: Vladimir Drinfeld (USSR), Vaughan Frederick Randal Jones (New Zealand), Shigefumi Mori (Japan), Edward Witten (U.S.)
- 1986: Simon Donaldson (UK), Gerd Faltings (West Germany), Michael Freedman (U.S.)
- 1982: Alain Connes (France), William Thurston (U.S.), Shing-Tung Yau (China)
- 1978: Pierre Deligne (Belgium), Charles Fefferman (U.S.), Grigory Margulis (USSR), Daniel Quillen (U.S.)
- 1974: Enrico Bombieri (Italy), David Mumford (U.S.)
- 1970: Alan Baker (UK), Heisuke Hironaka (Japan), Sergei Petrovich Novikov (USSR), John Griggs Thompson (U.S.)
- 1966: Michael Atiyah (UK), Paul Joseph Cohen (U.S.), Alexander Grothendieck (France), Stephen Smale (U.S.)
- 1962: Lars Hörmander (Sweden), John Milnor (U.S.)
- 1958: Klaus Roth (UK), René Thom (France)
- 1954: Kunihiko Kodaira (Japan), Jean-Pierre Serre (France)
- 1950: Laurent Schwartz (France), Atle Selberg (Norway)
- 1936: Lars Ahlfors (Finland), Jesse Douglas (U.S.)

## Other websites

- Official site
Laugh

A **laugh** is a way of showing happiness. It is a  vocal sound which a person makes when something is funny, like a joke, or a tickle.

Sometimes people laugh when they are not happy. When people are ashamed or embarrassed, sometimes they react by laughing.

There are different ways to laugh. A person can laugh using mostly their voice, mostly their throat, or mostly their nose.

You can write a laugh in different ways. Some people write "ha ha ha", or "he he he", or "hehe". If they are on the internet, they also use "LOL". "LOL" does not sound like a laugh, but it stands for **L**aughing **O**ut **L**oud.

Human babies first laugh at the age of around three or four months, usually as an expression of surprise. Babies' laughter often produces a positive response in adults who will involuntarily copy the child. Video footage, on the YouTube site, of babies laughing was shown to Queen Elizabeth II during her visit, on 16 October 2008, to the Google headquarters, where both she and her husband the Duke of Edinburgh were reduced to 'fits of giggles'.

## Laughing over text

Different places type out laughing in different ways. In english, laughing is commonly "haha" or "hehe". In other languages, laughing is different like "jajajaja" in Spanish or "xaxaxa" in russian.
UHF

**UHF** might mean:

- _UHF_ (movie), a 1989 movie starring Weird Al Yankovic
    - "UHF" (song), a song from the movie
- Ultra high frequency, a type of television frequency
Hi-5

***Hi-5*** is an Australian television show for children that started in 1999. The members of Hi-5 are Nathan, Kellie, Charli, Tim and Kathleen. Hi-5 can also be known as a pop music group for young children. They sing songs, dance and act. Hi-5 have recently released an album called _Boom Boom beat!_ The album has 20 tracks. _Hi-5_ is very popular with  children but also with many other age groups, such as The Wiggles and The Hooley Dooleys

Overall, the show has been designed to have a very bright and happy feel to it. The show is aired once a week on Australian television. All the members of Hi-5 had been involved in television before the show had started. They had done commercials and small roles in other television shows. But _Hi-5_ has definitely been their most successful venture. They have won two Logie Awards (Awards that are voted by the Australian public) for Most Outstanding Children’s Program.

**Some of Hi-5’s songs:**

- "Friends"
- "Rain Rain"
- "Three Wishes"
- "Celebrate"
- "Robot One"
- "Hi-5 theme song"

## Infobox (television)

- **image**: Hi-5 hand logo.png
- **genre**: Children's Television Series, Children's Edutainment, Edu-tainment
- **runtime**: Variable
- **creator**: Helena Harris
Posie Graeme-Evans
- **producer**: Helena Harris
- **executive producer**: Kris Noble
- **starring**: Nathan Foley
Kathleen de Leon Jones, Kathleen de Leon
Sun Park
Tim Harding
Kellie Crawford, Kellie Hoggart
Charli Robinson
Stevie Nicholson
Casey Burgess
Lauren Brant
Tim Maddren
Fely Irvine
Dayen Zheng
Mary Lascaris
Ainsley Melham
Tanika Anderson
- **voices**: Tim Harding as Jup-Jup
Noni McCallum and Charli Robinson as Chatterbox (puppet), Chats
- **theme music composer**: Chris Harriott
- **opentheme**: "Five in the Air"
- **country**: Australia
- **location**: TCN-9 Sydney
- **language**: English language, English
- **network**: Nine Network
- **network2**: 9Go!
- **num series**: 9
- **num episodes**: 385
Beaver

A **beaver** is a large rodent. It is _semi-aquatic_: some of the time it lives in water, some of the time it lives on land. Beavers are only found in North America and Europe. In Great Britain, for example, they have been deliberately re-introduced. In Europe, they almost died off, but they are returning. There are beavers living in the Elbe and Rhone rivers, as well as in Bavaria, Poland and Scandinavia. Beavers are known for building and keeping dams in rivers.

Their dams slow down rivers and reduce erosion. The wetlands they create benefit many other species. Special arrangements are needed to let salmon and other migratory fish pass the dams to spawn.

## Kinds of beavers

There are two different species of beaver, the American beaver (_C. canadensis_) and the European beaver (_C. fiber_).

### The American beaver

This beaver is in North America, in Canada, the United States and in Northern Mexico. It is the second largest rodent in the world, and the largest found in North America. The largest rodent in the world is the capybara in South America.

### The European beaver

The European beaver is currently an endangered species. It was almost hunted to extinction. It was hunted for its fur, and for castoreum. Castoreum is made by a gland, which is also responsible for the smell of the animal. It is used as a tincture in some perfumes

People are currently (2007) reintroducing the beaver, because the important role of the beaver for the ecology of rivers was discovered. Beaver dams (or the small lakes that form) provide a habitat for many species.

## Beaver fur

Early visitors that met Native Americans saw them wearing animal skin blankets. The fur on these blankets were good for felting. The Europeans wanted felt hats, and the Native Americans wanted metal: so, fur trading began.

Beaver was the most popular fur for hats. At that time in North America, there were about sixty million beavers. Only the soft inside fur was used for felting. The best time for collecting the beaver's fur was winter, when the fur was thickest. It was also a good time to hunt, since the beaver stayed close to its home in the winter and was easy to catch. The fur trade gave money to the European traders. The Native Americans who caught the beavers got the metal tools and other high technology items they wanted, until the beavers were mostly gone.

## Other websites

- Ecology of the Beaver
- Canadian Heritage - the beaver as a national symbol
- The romance of the beaver; being the history of the beaver in the western hemisphere, by A. Radclyffe Dugmore. Illustrated with photographs from life and drawings by the author. Publisher: Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott company; London, W. Heinemann 1914 _(a searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries)_
Bladder

The **urinary bladder** is an organ. It stores urine. It is part of the urinary system. All the liquids that are drunk go through the bladder. The bladder takes in the liquid in order for the body to work. The bladder works with the kidneys. The kidneys clean the liquid. This goes on until the bladder is too full to hold any more. At this point, it is about the size of a softball. The bladder then tells the brain that it needs to be emptied. When this message is received by the brain, the muscles around the bladder start to squeeze and the bladder starts to contract. At the same time, the bladder sends a message to the sphincters to relax and let the liquid pass through  the urethra out of the body.

All species of mammal have a urinary bladder.
Time travel

**Time travel** is the idea of going back in time to the past or forward to the future.  We always travel forward, to the future.  Time travel to the past is not known to be possible, but it is much used in fiction.  _The Time Machine_ (1895) by H. G. Wells was one of the first and most famous stories of time travel.  Much later, the American movie "Back to the Future" tells a fictional story about a professor who builds a machine that can take people into the future or back in the past.

The popular British TV program _Doctor Who_ is about an alien who has adventures by time travelling in a space time machine.  Another TV show about time travel is the series _Charmed_.  Instead of using machines and science, this one uses magic to go to other times and places.  Quantum Leap is another show which features "leaping" a form of time travel that allows a person to "relive events of another in history" it is similar to "Assassin's Creed" but in Quantum leap you can actually change history not just merely relive and shape it.

Some series that are not mainly about time travel have episodes about it, for example _Star Trek_ and _Stargate_ and _The Flash_.

## Related pages

- General relativity
- Special relativity
- Back to reality
Disciple

A **disciple** is a follower and student of a mentor, teacher, or other figure.  It can refer to:

## Religion

- Disciple (Christianity), a student of Jesus Christ
- Twelve Apostles of Jesus, sometimes called the Twelve Disciples
- The ten principal disciples of Buddha
- Disciples of Confucius
Dock

A **dock** is a structure built above water along the shore where boats can be tied. Docks are often held up by pilings which are often poles driven into the sea floor or riverbed.

## References

lb:Hafebaseng
They Might Be Giants

**They Might Be Giants** is an alternative rock band that lives in Brooklyn, New York. The two original band members, John Flansburgh and John Linnell, officially formed the band in 1982.

The band has been given two Grammy Awards, one for the children's album _Here Come the 123's_ and the other for the theme song of _Malcolm in the Middle._

## Charting singles

|rowspan="2"|**Year**|rowspan="2"|**Title**|colspan="3"|**Chart positions**|rowspan="2"|**Album**|rowspan="2"|**Notes**||
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|1987|"Don't Let's Start"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_They Might Be Giants_|First charting single||
|1988|"(She's A) Hotel Detective"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_They Might Be Giants_|||
|1988|"Ana Ng"|style="text-align:center;"|11|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_Lincoln_|||
|1989|"They'll Need A Crane"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_Lincoln_|||
|1990|"Birdhouse in Your Soul"|style="text-align:center;"|3|style="text-align:center;"|6|style="text-align:center;"|125|rowspan="3"|_Flood_|Highest-charting single|
|1990|"Twisting"|style="text-align:center;"|22|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-||||
|1990|"Istanbul"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|61|style="text-align:center;"|-||||
|1992|"The Statue Got Me High"|style="text-align:center;"|24|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_Apollo 18_|||
|1994|"Snail Shell"|style="text-align:center;"|19|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|_John Henry_|||
|2001|"Boss of Me"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|21|style="text-align:center;"|29|_Music from Malcolm in the Middle_|||
|2001|"Man, It's So Loud in Here"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|87|_Mink Car_|||
|2010|"Birdhouse in Your Soul"|style="text-align:center;"|-|style="text-align:center;"|70|style="text-align:center;"|-|_Flood_|Re-entry following the song's use in an advertisement for Clarks Shoes||

## Other websites

- Official homepage
- Official page for their podcast
- A website to buy their music
- Their website for kids

## Infobox (musical artist)

- **name**: They Might Be Giants
- **background**: group_or_band
- **image**: They_Might_Be_Giants_Profile.jpg
- **landscape**: yes
- **caption**: John Flansburgh (left) and John Linnell in 2016
- **origin**: Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S.
- **discography**: They Might Be Giants discography
- **years active**: 1982–present
- **website**: *
*
Solomon

**Solomon** is a figure from Abrahamic religions. He was a King of Israel, the son of King David. His name means "Peace". He is written about in the Qur'an, the Bible (2 Samuel) and other scriptures. He is said to be the author of several Old Testament books. He wrote Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs and much of Proverbs. He is famous for building the First Temple, having lots of wisdom, being very rich, and having many wives. Because of his wives, his kingdom became divided right after his death. His wives worshipped idols of gods because many of them were not of Jewish lineage.

## Related pages

- Solomonid dynasty
Proverb

A **proverb** is a wise saying. Many cultures have collections of these, such as the Book of Proverbs in the Old Testament, was said to be written by king Solomon of Israel.
A proverb is basically a wise saying.

## Examples of proverbs

English proverbs are short, traditional sayings that offer advice or convey a basic truth. They are widely used in everyday conversation and writing. Learning these proverbs not only helps in understanding English culture and communication but also provides insights into common wisdom and practical advice.

## Related pages

- Aphorism
Santiago

**Santiago** (also known as **Santiago de Chile**) is the capital of Chile and the largest city in the country. It has a population of around 7 million people, about 40 percent of the population of Chile. In Chile, people call the city Gran Santiago (Greater Santiago) or Santiago.

With its geographical conditions, because it is located in a valley surrounded by the Andes mountains, Santiago has a large amount of air pollution.

## Other websites

- Municipality homepage
- Santiago Tourist  - An Independent Travel Guide

## Infobox (settlement)

- **official name**: Santiago
- **settlement type**: Capital city
- **image flag**: Flag of Santiago de Chile.svg
- **flag alt**: Flag of Santiago
- **seal size**: 75px
- **image shield**: Coat of arms of Santiago (Chile).svg
- **nickname**: "The City of the Island Hills"
- **named for**: James the Great, Saint James
- **pushpin map**: Chile#South America#Atlantic Ocean#Pacific Ocean#America#Earth
- **pushpin relief**: 1
- **pushpin map caption**: Location in Chile
- **subdivision type**: Country
- **subdivision type1**: Regions of Chile, Region
- **subdivision type2**: Provinces of Chile, Province
- **subdivision name1**: Santiago Metropolitan Region
- **subdivision name2**: Santiago Province, Chile, Santiago Province
- **established title**: Foundation
- **founder**: Pedro de Valdivia
- **unit pref**: Metric
- **area total sq mi**: 247.6
- **elevation m**: 570
- **elevation ft**: 1870
- **population total**: 6,269,384
- **population as of**: 2017
- **population density km2**: 9,821
- **population density sq mi**: 25,436
- **population metro**: 6,903,479
- **population demonym**: _Santiaguinos_ (-_as_)
- **demographics type1**: GDP, GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)
- **demographics1 title1**: Year
- **demographics1 info1**: 2023
- **demographics1 title2**: Total
- **demographics1 info2**: $192.3 billion
- **demographics1 title3**: Per capita
- **demographics1 info3**: $27,900
- **postal code type**: Postal code
- **postal code**: 8320000
- **area code**: +56 2
- **blank name**: Human Development Index, HDI (2021)
- **blank info**: 0.886 – <span style="color:#090;">very high</span>
- **pushpin map narrow**: yes
- **timezone**: Time in Chile, CLT
- **utc offset**: −04:00
- **timezone dst**: Time in Chile, CLST
- **utc offset dst**: −03:00
Psalms

**Psalms** (, _Tehillim_, or "praises") is a book of 150 Hebrew poems in the Bible. The Book of Psalms is the first Ketuvim and part of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and it is also in the Old Testament of the Christian translations. People traditionally believe that many of the Psalms in the Bible were written by King David to God. Perhaps the most famous one is Psalm 23, which starts "The LORD is my shepherd". Psalm 23 is often used for funerals. In the Qur'an, the Arabic word ‘Zabur’ is used for the Psalms of David.

There are 150 Psalms in the Biblical canon of Jews, Protestants, and Catholics, but there are also more poems that these religions do not think are holy. Psalm 151 is part of canon of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

## Name

The names "Psalms" and "Psalter" come from the Septuagint (the Greek translation of the Old Testament). There, they were about stringed instruments (for example, the harp, lyre and lute), then to songs sung with them. The traditional Hebrew title is _tehillim_. _Tehillim_ means "praises", though many of the psalms are _tephillot_ ("prayers"). One of the first collections in the book was titled "the prayers of David son of Jesse" (72:20, NIV).

## Literary features

The Psalter is poetry, though it has many prayers and not all Old Testament prayers were poetic. In fact, not all praise was poetic either. The Psalms are full of images, comparisons and metaphor. The Hebrew text often plays with words and repeats the same words, adding synonyms (words with the same meaning) to fill out the description. Important words show the main themes in the prayer or song.
Television program

A **TV program** (British spelling: **programme)** also known as a **TV show** or a **TV series**, is something that people watch on television.  Several different kinds are made:

- A series of fictional programs with the same title and characters (a television series). Each television series is made as a series of programs. These individual programs are called _episodes_. Most series have between 12 and 24 episodes in each season. Some with fewer are called miniseries.
- A single show (episode) from a television series.
- An ongoing series of non-fiction shows that use the same title, for example: local and network news shows.
- A single program, for example a sporting event or an awards ceremony such as the Academy Awards.

Television broadcasting presents many different television programs, one after another. In between television programs, a channel may use an announcer to tell the audience what the next program will be. On many channels in many countries, advertisements are shown for short periods of time during and between program screenings. These advertisements are not a part of the television program.
Fatwa

A **fatwa** (; plural ***fatāwa***), is a legal pronouncement in Islam. A mufti (a scholar capable of making judgments on Sharia (Islamic law)) pronounces it. Usually, a fatwa is made to clarify a question where "fiqh" (Islamic jurisprudence) is unclear. Usually a judge or other person requests it.
Reggie Fils-Aimé

**Reginald Fils-Aimé** (born March 25, 1961) is the former president of Nintendo of America. Before that, he was Executive Vice President of Sales and Marketing at Nintendo of America.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Reggie Fils-Aimé
- **birth name**: Reginald Fils-Aimé
- **image**: Reggie Fils-Aime - Game Developers Conference 2011 - Day 2 (1).jpg
- **birth place**: New York City, U.S.
- **education**: Cornell University (Bachelor of Science, BS)
- **office**: 3rd President of Nintendo of America
- **term start**: May 25, 2006
- **term end**: April 15, 2019
- **predecessor**: Tatsumi Kimishima
- **successor**: Doug Bowser
- **spouse**: Stacey Sanner
- **children**: 3
- **signature**: Reggie Fils-Aimé's signature.svg
Billy Hughes

**William Morris "Billy" Hughes** (25 September 1862 – 28 October 1952) was the seventh Prime Minister of Australia. He became Prime Minister during World War I. He tried to introduce conscription but the public did not want it. His party, Labor, kicked him out and he formed a new party with the opposition called the Nationalist Party. He was Prime Minister for over 7 years which was the most of anyone at the time. He was forced to resign by the Country Party in 1923 but he stayed in Parliament until he died.

Before serving as Prime Minister, Hughes was Minister for External Affairs under Chris Watson. He was Attorney-General in Andrew Fisher's three Labor governments in 1908–09, 1910–13 and 1914–15.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Billy Hughes
- **image**: Billy Hughes.jpg
- **order**: 7th Prime Minister of Australia
- **term start**: 27 October, 1915
- **term end**: 9 February, 1923
- **predecessor**: Andrew Fisher
- **successor**: Stanley Bruce
- **birth place**: London, England
- **party**: Australian Labor Party, Labor, National Labor Party, National Labor, Nationalist Party of Australia, Nationalist, Australian Party, Australian, United Australia Party, United Australia, Liberal Party (Australia), Liberal
- **honorific prefix**: The Right Honourable
Maid Marian

**Maid Marian** was the female companion of the outlaw Robin Hood. She appears in English folktales, though not in the oldest ones.

## Other websites

- , a book
Graphite

**Graphite**, like diamond, is an allotrope of carbon. They are very similar to each other but the different structures of the molecule affect the chemical and physical properties. Graphite is made of layers of carbon atoms. These layers can slide over each other very easily. This means that it is very soft. It is a dull gray in appearance. Due to the delocalized electrons between the layers, it can conduct electricity very well.

Graphite can be formed from coal put under high heat and pressure. Also, graphite can be turned into diamond with enough heat and pressure. This is how synthetic (man-made) diamonds are made.

Most graphite comes from mines in northeastern China. It is also found in Sri Lanka, Canada and the United States. It is also called **Lead Black** because it looks like the metal lead. It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789 originating from the Greek language.

It can be used as a lubricant to make mechanical devices run smoother. The most common use of graphite is the "lead" in a pencil, which also has clay.

High-purity graphite is used as a neutron moderator in some nuclear reactors, such as RBMKs and AGRs.

## Related pages

- Carbon
Allotropy

**Allotropy** (or **allotropism**) is when a chemical element can exist in two or more different forms in the same physical state or phase. These different forms are called **allotropes**. Therefore, an allotrope is a different structure in which an element appears. This happens when the atoms of the element are bonded together in a different way.

For example, the allotropes of carbon include:
- diamond, where the carbon atoms are bonded together in a four-cornered lattice arrangement;
- graphite, where the carbon atoms are bonded together in sheets of a six-sided lattice;
- graphene, single sheets of graphite; and
- fullerenes, where the carbon atoms are bonded together in spheres, cylinders or egg-shaped formations
Only some elements have allotropes.

The term _allotropy_ is used for elements only, not for compounds. The more general term, used for any crystalline material, is polymorphism. Allotropy refers only to different forms of an element within the same state (i.e., different solid, liquid or gas forms); these different states are not, themselves, considered examples of allotropy.
Ionic bond

An **ionic bond** is a chemical bond between a non-metal and a metal ion in a giant ionic crystal lattice. This occurs when charged atoms (ions) attract. This happens after a metal atom loses one or more of its electrons to the non-metal atom. The greater the difference in charge between the metal and non-metal ion, the stronger the ionic bond. A maximum of three electrons can be transferred in the process.

A metal atom becomes a positive cation because it loses electron(s). A non-metal atom becomes a negative anion as it gains electron(s). This occurs, for example, when sodium and chlorine join to form common table salt, NaCl. First, sodium atoms (Na) oxidize and lose an electron to form positively charged sodium ions (Na<sup>+</sup>). Chlorine atoms gain the electrons from the sodium atoms to form negatively charged chloride ions (Cl<sup>-</sup>). Both ions are now oppositely charged and they are held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.

## Features of compounds with ionic bonding

- Three dimensional ionic structure called a giant ionic crystal lattice structure.
- Ionic compounds are soluble in water as the ions form favorable interactions with water molecules which release sufficient energy to break away from the lattice.
- In a solid state they do not conduct electricity. However, in a liquid state or when dissolved in water, they will conduct electricity well because the ions are free to move and can carry charge.
- They contrast to the characteristics of covalent bond<nowiki/>s.
- covalent bonds may be stronger than the attraction between two ions, but in ionic compounds there are attractions in all directions.
- Ionic compounds have high melting/boiling point due to the strong electrostatic forces of attraction, which require a large amount of heat energy to overcome.
Chloride

**Chloride** is an ion of chlorine. It occurs when chlorine gets reduced, gaining an electrons and becoming an ion. Chloride is necessary for life. It is normally found in the salt (sodium chloride), which is very common in diets.

"Chloride" is also used as a general name for chemical compounds containing chlorine in the -1 oxidation state, whether or not they contain a chloride ion. Most compounds containing chlorine are chlorides in this sense. The main exception is if chlorine is bonded to oxygen or fluorine.

## Related pages

- Fluoride
- Bromide
- Iodide
Bauhaus

The **Bauhaus** was a design school that operated from 1919 to 1933 in Germany. It is widely regarded as the most influential art school of the 20th century. It promoted modernism. It is most well known for teaching painting, photography, advertising, weaving, architecture and the design of furniture and household products. The work that it produced and its teaching methods had a world-wide influence on art, design, photography, architecture and art education.

It was formally called the "Staatliches Bauhaus" from 1919 to 1932 because it was state funded in that period. From 1919 to 1925 it was in Weimar, in the state of Thuringia and from 1926 to 1932 it was in Dessau, in the state of Sachsen-Anhalt. It operated as privately funded school in Berlin from the end of 1932 until April 1933.

Its staff included some of the most famous artists and architects of the 20th century, including: Walter Gropius, who founded the school, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Wassily Kandinsky, Lyonel Feininger, Paul Klee, László Moholy-Nagy, Marcel Breuer, Josef Albers, Anni Albers, Oskar Schlemmer and Hannes Meyer.

Its former buildings in Weimar and Dessau were jointly made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
Nuevo León

**Nuevo León** is a state in the northeast of Mexico and south of Texas. It is known as the financial center of the country. It has a wide range of tourist attractions, such as museums, thematic parks, natural parks, grottos, as well as archaeological sites, gastronomy, and folklore. Its capital, Monterrey, the city of the mountains, is host venue of important international events, congresses, fairs, conventions and exhibitions.
Saale

**Saale** is the name of two rivers in Germany: Saale in Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt (German: _Sächsische Saale_) and the Saale in Northern Bavaria (German: _Fränkische Saale_). The larger, and better known Sächsische Saale springs out of the Fichtelgebirge at 728 m and joins the Elbe in Saxony-Anhalt. It is 413 km long.
Go Fish

**Go Fish** is a game with playing cards.  2 to 10 people can play.

Every player gets five cards.  The rest of the cards (the deck) are put face down where all the players can get them.  Cards that are the same number are called pairs.  If a player has a pair, they put it face up in front of them so everybody can see it.  The player to the left of the player who gave everybody their cards goes first.  When it is a player's turn, they ask another player for a card that is the same color and number as one they already have.  They can ask any player.  If the other player has the card, they give it to the one that asked, and the one that asked puts the pair in front of them and gets to go again.

If the other player does not have the card, then they say "Go Fish", and the player that asked takes a card from the deck and the next player goes.  If a player has no cards when it is time for him to go, then he just takes a card from the deck and the next player goes.  If there are no cards in the deck and the player has no cards, then that player does not get to go.  The game ends when all the cards are face up in pairs.  The winner is the player with the most pairs.
Track

**Track** or **Tracks** may refer to:

- Trail, a walking path
- Track (music), a recorded piece of music
- Track and field athletics, a group of sports
- Race track, a course build for racing
- Railway track, metal tracks on which trains ride
- Animal tracks, marks left on the ground when an animal walks
Chicago White Sox

The **Chicago White Sox** are a Major League Baseball team who play on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois. The club is in the Central Division of the American League. They are managed by Will Venable since 2025.

The White Sox won the 2005 World Series sweeping the Houston Astros in 4 games.   They won the World Series before in 1906 and 1917 before going into an 88-year championship drought.

The Chicago White Sox finished 2006 with a 90-72 record, four games out of first place after taking two of three from the Minnesota Twins in the final week of the season at the Metrodome in Minneapolis.

The Sox began major league play in 1901. They took their name from the original name of the Chicago Cubs. The Cubs had first been known as the Chicago White Stockings. By 1901, they were being called the Colts. That allowed the new American League team to adopt the old National League team colors.

The Sox first played at South Side Park. In mid-season 1910, they opened Comiskey Park, which was just a few blocks north of South Side Park. They played at Comiskey for over 80 years. In 1991 they opened a park now known as Guaranteed Rate Field, just across the street to the south of Comiskey Park, and have played their home games there ever since.

## Other websites

- Official Website
Gull

**Gulls**, also called **seagulls**, is a common name that refers to any type of bird. They form the family **Laridae**, in the order Charadriiformes.

There are many different types of gull but most of them are white, with grey or black wings, a yellow beak and are about the size of a chicken (but some are smaller). Gulls can eat most types of food but like meat more than anything else. They look around for discarded food and dead animals to eat as well as hunting and have learned how to live and breed in the same places as people. Most types of seagull are awake during the day and sleep at night. They like to sleep on beaches  but will also sleep on water, like lakes or the sea when the water is calm.

Gulls used to be found only near the sea, as they are water birds with webbed feet for swimming. They are more common inland these days because they can find food wherever people live, often on garbage dumps or in the streets of towns and cities. Seagulls are intelligent compared to other birds. They have a complicated system of noises and body movements which they use to communicate with other seagulls.

Most types of seagull breed once a year and have two or three chicks (babies). Mother gulls are very protective of their eggs and chicks and will sometimes fight to the death to defend them.

Gulls are not usually eaten by people.

## Related pages

- Herring gull
- Lesser black-backed gull
- General licences under the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981
The Warriors (movie)

***The Warriors*** is a 1979 movie directed by Walter Hill. It is about a gang called "The Warriors", who are from Coney Island and must return to their home and clear their name after they are accused of killing the leader of another gang at a rally for all the gangs in New York City. The movie has become a cult classic and inspired a video game which came out in 2005.
Coney Island

**Coney Island** is a peninsula (formerly an island) in Brooklyn, New York. It is famous for its beaches, amusements like the Cyclone wooden roller coaster, Parachute Jump, and Wonder Wheel ferris wheel, boardwalk, and hot dogs. It became a seaside resort in the 19th century.

It is unsure how Coney Island got its name. It may be because when the Dutch people arrived in New Netherland, this island had many rabbits, so they named it 'Konijn Island', which became 'Coney Island', using the archaic term for rabbit in English. It also may have been named by an Irish pirate, for islands in Sligo bay!
Ferris wheel

**Ferris wheels** (sometimes called **big wheels** in the United Kingdom), are large, round, revolving structures with gondolas where people sit. They are popular at amusement parks and fairs. They are named after George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr., who made the first modern wheel for the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. When he built it, it was 264 feet tall. They called it the "Chicago Wheel" after Chicago, Illinois where it was on display.