juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dropping out

**Dropping out** means leaving school.  Reasons students drop out include because they must work, for social reasons, because of harassment, because of illness or because they no longer trust the school system that they are leaving.  Unlike failing or expulsion, dropping out is the student's decision and not the school's.

## Canada

In Canada, most students graduate from  grade 12 by age 18. It was found by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) that by 2009, one in twelve 20-to-24 year old adults in Canada did not have a diploma from high school (Gilmore, 2010).  The study also showed that males had higher dropout rates than females. Other people with stronger risks for dropping out were those outside urban/suburban areas or in the northern territories. Beginning from 1990 the Canadian dropout rates went down from 20% (1990) to around 9% (2010). From 2010 and after, however, the rate did not drop across Canada. When females drop out of high school, they get less money, the economic costs are greater and they have higher rates of unemployment than male dropouts. Female high school dropouts are more likely to rely on public support programs than male dropouts.

## United Kingdom

Dropping out of school is not allowed in the United Kingdom. Dropping out of college or universities, however, _is_ allowed. Students under age 16 must attend a school with the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE).

## United States

In the United States, dropping out means students entirely quit school before they graduate. About 1.2 million students drop out of high school every year in the United States. They do this for different reasons: bullying, family emergency, poor grades, depression, mental illness, bad environment or not enough freedom. Students who drop out of high school in the United States are more likely to be unemployed, homeless or receiving welfare. Members of certain racial or ethnic groups drop out at higher rates than white students. Students raised in single-parent families and low poor students are more likely to drop out.

Many states say students must stay in school until they are 16, like in the United Kingdom.  However, in 1972, the United States Supreme Court said that Amish students do not have to go to high school.
Daniel Brochu

**Daniel Brochu** (born February 28, 1970) is a Canadian actor, who is well known for voicing Buster Baxter in the children's television series _Arthur_ and it's spin-off _Postcards from Buster_, as well as Danny Pickett in later seasons of _What's with Andy?_.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Daniel Brochu
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1990―present
Mint Hill, North Carolina

**Mint Hill** is a town in Mecklenburg and Union counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, 26,450 people live in Mint Hill.
Thinhorn sheep

The **thinhorn sheep** (_Ovis dalli_) is a hoofed animal in the family Bovidae. They live in northwestern North America.

There are about 115,000 thinhorn sheep alive.  There are two subspecies of thinhorn sheep, the Dall sheep (_Ovis dalli dalli_) and stone sheep (_Ovis dalli stonei_).  Most thinhorn sheep are Dall sheep.

Most of the stone sheep live in British Columbia.

## Appearance

These sheep are about 1.5 m high and can weigh up to 110 kg.  The female sheep have small horns but the male sheep have larger horns that twist more as they get older.  The horns are tan in color.  The wool of Dall's sheep is almost pure white.  The wool of the stone sheep is almost all black. Stone sheep's horns do not flare out as much and are lighter in color.

## Behavior

These sheep live in mountains.  In the summer, they come to grassy places to eat twigs, sage, buds, leaves and grass.  These places are 1200 to 1500 meters above sea level.  In the winter, they stay on the south sides of the mountains, where it is warmer.  These places are about 1500 to 2200 meters above sea level.  Although they do well in the cold, thinhorn sheep do not move easily through deep snow.  They have short legs and small feet, so they cannot walk through snow or on top of it.  Instead, they try to live in forests where the snow is not deep or near cliffs.  They can climb the cliffs to get away from animals that want to eat them.  They follow the same routes from summer places to winter places for generations.

Thinhorn sheep live in herds.  Most of the time, the rams live together in a bachelor herd, and the ewes and young sheep live together in other herds.  Male sheep leave the female herds when they are about two years old.

The sheep mate in November.  Although younger rams can mate, it is mostly the older rams who actually do.  Rams only fight each other if their horns are almost the same size.  Otherwise, rams with smaller horns give way to rams with larger horns. Thinhorn rams do not fight each other as much as bighorn rams do.

The ewes give birth when the Spring plants are growing.  The ewe climbs up into a rock place and gives birth.  She and her lamb stay there for a few days before coming back down.  This makes it harder for predators to find and eat the new lamb.

## Predators

Golden eagles, wolves, bears, and wolverines eat thinhorn sheep.  It is easiest for predators to catch sheep in bad winters, when the snow is deep and the spring comes later.  The sheep are hungry and cannot run away quickly.

## History

Thinhorn sheep and snow sheep became two separate species around the time the last ice age ended, 10,000 to 18,000 years ago.
Shallotte, North Carolina

**Shallotte** is a town in Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 4,185 people live in Shallotte.
Newport, North Carolina

**Newport** is a town in Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 4,364 people live in Newport.
Melissa Altro

**Melissa Altro** (born May 16, 1982) is a Canadian voice actress from Montreal, Quebec. Prior to having a career in voice acting, Altro guest-starred on a 1994 episode of the YTV/Nickelodeon series _Are You Afraid of the Dark?_. Altro also provides the voice of Gretchen in the Teletoon/Disney XD animated series _Camp Lakebottom_. Altro is perhaps best known for voicing Muffy Crosswire on the PBS Kids animated television series _Arthur_ (1996―2022).

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Melissa Altro
- **birth place**: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- **other names**: Missy Altro
- **nationality**: Canadian
- **years active**: 1994-present
Dall sheep

The **Dall sheep** or **Dall's sheep** is a subspecies of Thinhorn sheep. They usually eat grass and other plants.  They live in northwestern North America, in Canada and Alaska.

## Appearance

These sheep are about 1.5 m high and can weigh up to 110 kg.  The female sheep have small horns but the male sheep have larger horns that twist more as they get older.  The horns are tan in color.  The wool of Dall's sheep is almost pure white.

The sheep's horns grow fastest in warm weather and slowest in cold weather.  This puts rings in the horns called annuli.  The number of rings shows how old the sheep is.

The other kind of thinhorn sheep, the stone sheep, can breed with Dall sheep.  These thinhorn sheep are sometimes called Fannin's sheep.

Most Dall sheep live to be about 12 years old, but some ewes live to be 16 or even 19.

## Home

There are about 100,000 Dall sheep in the world.  They live in Alaska in the Kenai Peninsula and Brooks Range.   They live in Canada's Yukon and Northwest Territories in the Mackenzie Mountains, Kluane and Saint Elia ranges.

## Behavior

Like other thinhorn sheep, Dall sheep live in mountains.  Because they do not have long legs or large feet, they cannot move easily in snow.  Instead, they live in places where the wind blows the snow away before it gets too deep. They climb onto rocks to escape animals that want to eat them.  They follow the same paths from summer places to winter places for generations.

Dall sheep live in herds.  Most of the time, the rams live together in a bachelor herd, and the ewes and young sheep live together in other herds.  Male sheep leave the female herds when they are two or three years old.

The sheep mate in November.  Although younger rams can mate, it is mostly the older rams who actually do.

Before an ewe gives birth, she climbs into a rocky place that humans call a "lambing cliff." She gives birth there.  She and her lamb stay there for a few days before coming back down.  This makes it harder for predators to find and eat the new lamb.  The lamb can eat grass by October.

## Predators

Golden eagles, wolves, grizzly bears, and wolverines eat thinhorn sheep.

## History

Thinhorn sheep and snow sheep became two separate species around the time the last ice age ended, 10,000 to 18,000 years ago.  After that, the thinhorn sheep moved east and spread out.  The Dall sheep and stone sheep became separate subspecies some time after that.
Elisabeth Falkhaven

**Elisabeth Falkhaven** (born September 12, 1955 in Partille, Sweden) is a Swedish politician from the Green Party. She is a member of Riksdag from Halland County since 2018.

On June 23, 2021, she undertook support for Aliaksandr Kardziukou. Aliaksandr Kardziukou saw the murder of Hienadz Shutau and is a political prisoner from Belarus.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Elisabeth Falkhaven
- **caption**: Elisabeth Falkhaven's official portrait
 Picture: Sveriges riksdag
- **birth date**: 1955
- **office**: Riksdag, Member of the Riksdag
- **constituency**: Halland County
- **term start**: 2018 September 24
- **party**: Green Party (Sweden), Green Party
Waiting for the Sea

***Waiting for the Sea*** () is a 2012 Russian Ukrainian Belgian French Kazakhstani German Tajik drama movie directed by Bakhtyar Khudojnazarov and starring Egor Beroev, Anastasiya Mikulchina, Detlev Buck, Dinmukhamet Akhimov.
Sherwood Schwartz

**Sherwood Charles Schwartz** (November 14, 1916 - July 12, 2011) was an American television producer. He worked on radio shows in the 1940s, but he now is  best known for creating the 1960s television series Gilligan's Island (1964-1967) for CBS and The Brady Bunch (1969-1974) for ABC. On March 7, 2008, Schwartz, at the time still active in his 90s, was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. That same year, Schwartz was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame.
The Family Jewels (movie)

***The Family Jewels*** is a 1965 American comedy movie directed by Jerry Lewis (who also played seven roles in the movie) and starring Donna Butterworth, Sebastian Cabot, Neil Hamilton, Jay Adler. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for 1 Golden Globe in 1966.
Lock Haven, Pennsylvania

**Lock Haven** is the county seat in Clinton County, Pennsylvania. It started as a town in 1833. It was declared a city in 1870. As of 2020, there were 8,108 people living in the city.
The most damaging floods in Lock Haven happened in June 1972 when remnants from Hurricane Agnes crossed Schuylkill County within 75 miles of Lock Haven.
Morrisville, North Carolina

**Morrisville** is a town in Wake and Durham counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, 29,630 people live in Morrisville.
Mount Pleasant, North Carolina

**Mount Pleasant** is a town in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,671 people live in Mount Pleasant.
Smithfield, North Carolina

**Smithfield** is a town in and the county seat of Johnston County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 11,292 people live in Smithfield. It is the birthplace of the Hollywood actress, Ava Gardner.
Winterville, North Carolina

**Winterville** is a town in Pitt County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 10,462 people live in Winterville.
Papilio bianor

The **Common peacock black swallowtail emerald** _(Papilio bianor)_, is a swallowtail butterfly found in  Asia. It is also found in the Great Himalayas and parts of Pakistan and Northern India.
Taylorsville, North Carolina

**Taylorsville** is a town in and the county seat of Alexander County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, 2,320 people live in Taylorsville.
Thilo Kehrer

**Jan Thilo Kehrer** (; born 21 September 1996) is a German professional footballer who plays as a defender for Ligue 1 club Monaco  and the Germany national team. Mainly a centre-back, he can also play in either full-back position.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Thilo Kehrer
- **image**: 2019-06-11 Fußball, Männer, Länderspiel, Deutschland-Estland StP 2073 LR10 by Stepro.jpg
- **caption**: Kehrer with Germany national football team, Germany in 2019
- **fullname**: Jan Thilo Kehrer
- **birth place**: Tübingen, Germany
- **height**: 1.85 m
- **currentclub**: West Ham United F.C., West Ham United
- **clubnumber**: 24
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender
- **youthyears1**: 2000–2006
- **youthclubs1**: TSG Tübingen
- **youthyears2**: 2006–2010
- **youthclubs2**: SSV Reutlingen 05, SSV Reutlingen
- **youthyears3**: 2010–2012
- **youthclubs3**: VfB Stuttgart
- **youthyears4**: 2012–2015
- **youthclubs4**: FC Schalke 04, Schalke 04
- **years1**: 2015–2016
- **clubs1**: FC Schalke 04 II, Schalke 04 II
- **caps1**: 19
- **goals1**: 0
- **years2**: 2016–2018
- **clubs2**: FC Schalke 04, Schalke 04
- **caps2**: 45
- **goals2**: 4
- **years3**: 2018–2022
- **clubs3**: Paris Saint-Germain F.C., Paris Saint-Germain
- **caps3**: 85
- **goals3**: 4
- **years4**: 2022–
- **clubs4**: West Ham United F.C., West Ham United
- **caps4**: 30
- **goals4**: 0
- **nationalyears1**: 2012
- **nationalteam1**: Germany national under-16 football team, Germany U16
- **nationalcaps1**: 1
- **nationalgoals1**: 1
- **nationalyears2**: 2012–2013
- **nationalteam2**: Germany national under-17 football team, Germany U17
- **nationalcaps2**: 12
- **nationalgoals2**: 0
- **nationalyears3**: 2015
- **nationalteam3**: Germany national under-19 football team, Germany U19
- **nationalcaps3**: 5
- **nationalgoals3**: 1
- **nationalyears4**: 2015–2016
- **nationalteam4**: Germany national under-20 football team, Germany U20
- **nationalcaps4**: 6
- **nationalgoals4**: 1
- **nationalyears5**: 2017
- **nationalteam5**: Germany national under-21 football team, Germany U21
- **nationalcaps5**: 9
- **nationalgoals5**: 0
- **nationalyears6**: 2018–
- **nationalteam6**: Germany national football team, Germany
- **nationalcaps6**: 27
- **nationalgoals6**: 0
- **pcupdate**: 16 May 2021
- **ntupdate**: 6 September 2020
Life Is a Miracle

***Life Is a Miracle*** () is a 2004 Serbian Montenegrin French Italian war musical comedy drama movie directed by Emir Kusturica and starring Slavko Štimac, Nataša Šolak, Vesna Trivalić, Goran Jevtić, Vuk Kostić, Aleksandar Berček.
Mayor of Tower Hamlets

The **mayor of Tower Hamlets** is the directly elected mayor of Tower Hamlets London Borough Council in east London, England. The first election for this position happened on 21 October 2010.

## Infobox (political post)

- **post**: Mayor
- **body**: Tower Hamlets
- **image**: John Biggs Labour politician London.jpg
- **incumbent**: John Biggs (London politician), John Biggs
- **incumbentsince**: 11 June 2015
- **style**: No courtesy title or style
- **appointer**: Electorate of London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Tower Hamlets
- **termlength**: Four years
- **formation**: May 2010 referendum
- **inaugural**: Lutfur Rahman (politician), Lutfur Rahman
Vanquish (movie)

***Vanquish*** is a 2021 action-thriller movie, directed by George Gallo. The movie starring Ruby Rose and Morgan Freeman.

## Infobox (movie)

- **name**: Vanquish
- **caption**: Official promotional poster
- **director**: George Gallo
- **story**: Samuel Bartlett
- **music**: Aldo Silaku
- **cinematography**: Anastos N. Michost
- **editing**: Yvan Gauthier
- **distributor**: Lionsgate
Yungas tree frog

The **Yungas tree frog**, **fasciated frog** or **spotted tree frog** (_Boana balzani_) is a frog that lives in Bolivia and Peru.  Scientists have seen it between 1200 and 2210 meters above sea level in the Andes mountains.

This frog lives in cloud forests.
Vanquish (video game)

is an action third-person shooter video game, developed by PlatinumGames and published by Sega.

## Infobox (video game)

- **title**: Vanquish
- **developer**: PlatinumGames
- **publisher**: Sega
- **director**: Shinji Mikami
- **programmer**: Kiyohiko Sakata
Shuichiro Chiboshi
- **writer**: Hiroki Kato
Jean Pierre Kellams
- **genre**: Action game, Action, third-person shooter
- **modes**: Single-player, multiplayer
Snow sheep

The **snow sheep**  (_Ovis nivicola_) is a sheep in the family Bovidae.  It lives in Siberia.

Scientists put the snow sheep in the subgenus _Pachyceros_.  They are in the same group as bighorn sheep and thinhorn sheep.  The bighorns and thinhorns live in North America and the snow sheep live in Eurasia.  The snow sheep used to be called the Asiatic bighorn sheep.

Scientists do not all agree on how many subspecies of snow sheep there are:

- Koryak (_Ovis nivicola koryakorum_)
- Kamchatka sheep (_Ovis nivicola nivicola_)
- Okhotsk sheep (_Ovis nivicola alleni_)
- Yablonov sheep (_Ovis nivicola potanini_)
- Putorian sheep (_Ovis nivicola borealis_)
- Yakut sheep (_Ovis nivicola lydekkeri_)
- Kodar sheep (_Ovis nivicola kodarensis_)

## Appearance

The adult male snow sheep can weigh 70-100 kg (155-222 lbs).  The adult female snow sheep can weigh 40-70 kg (90-155 lbs).  This is heavier than most sheep.  They have very thick, curly horns that can be a meter long.

## Home

The snow sheep live further north than any other Eurasian sheep.  They live in a large part of Russia with mountains in it.

Snow sheep like open places without many trees or large bushes.

## Food

Snow sheep eat grasses, green plants, and sedge.  They can also eat lichen and pine needles. Like other sheep, snow sheep lick clay for the salt.  The kodar subspecies eats coal, but scientists are not sure why.

## History

Snow sheep and thinhorn sheep became two separate species around the time the last ice age ended, 10,000 to 18,000 years ago. Scientists think the sheep became different species because the water melted and covered the Bering land bridge.
The Kansan (movie)

***The Kansan*** is a 1943 American western movie directed by George Archainbaud and starring Richard Dix, Jane Wyatt, Albert Dekker, Eugene Pallette, Victor Jory, Beryl Wallace, Hobart Cavanaugh, Willie Best, Douglas Fowley. It was distributed by United Artists and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1944.
She's the One (1996 movie)

***She's the One*** is a 1996 American romantic comedy movie directed by Edward Burns (who also stars) and also starring Cameron Diaz, Jennifer Aniston, John Mahoney, Maxine Bahns, Mike McGlone, Leslie Mann, Amanda Pett, Frank Vincent. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Jack of Diamonds (1967 movie)

***Jack of Diamonds*** is a 1967 American German crime drama movie directed by Don Taylor and starring George Hamilton, Joseph Cotten, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Carroll Baker, Maurice Evans, Marie Laforêt. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Skite (album)

***Skite*** is the third studio album by Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias, released on September 8, 1978. The album was produced by Ian Dury and the Blockheads keyboardist and guitarist Chaz Jankel. Recorded in May 1978, the album was Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias' first studio album released following the success of 1977's _Italians from the Outer Space_, which included the UK Top 40 single "Old Trust".

The music on _Skite_ is built around sendups of pop and rock music of the late-1970s, featuring sendups of ABBA, Robyn Hitchcock, Status Quo, Ian Dury and the Blockheads, Pink Floyd, Nick Lowe, The Buzzcocks, The Stranglers and Devo. The album also features reggae version of Pete Seeger's _Where Have All the Flowers Gone_ and doo-wop version of Sex Pistols' _Anarchy in the U.K._.

Despite a mixed critical reception, _Skite_ sold well and peaked at number fifty on the UK Singles Chart. The album produced one of Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias's more famous singles, "Heads Down No-Nonsense Mindless Boogie", a sendup of Status Quo and "Juan Lopez (The Lonely Goatherd)", a sendup of ABBA; "Heads Down No-Nonsense Mindless Boogie" peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart.

## Personnel

- CP Lee – vocals, guitar, bass
- Jimmy Hibbert – vocals, guitar
- Bruce Mitchell – drums
- Tony Bowers – vocals, bass, guitar
- Simon White – vocals, guitar, bass
- Bob Harding - vocals, guitar, keyboards
- Laurie Latham – engineer
- Bill Smith – album design
- Mick Brownfield – illustrations
- Adrian Boot – photography

- With guests
- Chaz Jankel – vocals, keyboards
- Roger Ruskin Spear – tenor saxophone
- Kit? – backing vocals

## Infobox (album)

- **name**: Skite
- **type**: Album
- **artist**: Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias
- **released**: September 8, 1978
- **recorded**: May 27, 1978
- **studio**: The Workhouse, Old Kent Road, London
- **genre**: Comedy rock, New wave music, new wave
- **length**: 37:04
- **label**: Logo Records, Logo
- **producer**: Chaz Jankel
- **prev title**: Italians from the Outer Space
- **prev year**: 1977
- **next title**: Lunatic Soup (album), Lunatic Soup
- **next year**: 1979
Mickey Levy

**Michael (Mickey) Levy**, Hebrew: מיכאל (מיקי) לוי , (born 21 June 1951) is an Israeli politician of Yesh Atid.

Levy was born in Jerusalem. He was a major in the IDF, commander of the Judea and Samaria police district as well of the Jerusalem police district, and police attaché in the United States. Later on he was head of the Egged Ta'avura bus company.

He has been a member of the Knesset since 5 February 2013. From 2013 to 2014 he was deputy minister of finance in the Third Netanyahu Government. Since 13 June 2021 he has been speaker of the Knesset.

Levy holds a bachelor in political science from Haifa University. He is married with four children and lives west of Jerusalem in Mevasseret Tzion.

## Other websites

- Bio at Knesset website
Iznasen Berber

**Iznassen Berber** or **Taznasst** (Berber : ⵜⴰⵣⵏⴰⵙⵙⵜ, Arabic : الزناسية or الزناسنية) is the original rifian berber dialect of the Yat Iznassen, an Arabized berber tribe of the Rif, etablished before the border between Algeria and Morocco.
The Arabic language is now predominant in the Iznassen tribe.
Vice Squad (1953 movie)

***Vice Squad*** is a 1953 American crime movie directed by Arnold Laven and was based on the novel _Harness Bull_ by Leslie T. White. It stars Edward G. Robinson, Paulette Goddard, K. T. Stevens, Porter Hall, Edward Binns, Jay Adler, Lee Van Cleef, Dan Riss and was distributed by United Artists.
Brannigan (movie)

***Brannigan*** is a 1975 British American action thriller movie directed by Douglas Hickox and starring John Wayne, Richard Attenborough, Judy Geeson, Mel Ferrer, John Vernon, Ralph Meeker, Lesley Anne Down, James Booth. It was distributed by United Artists.
Blind Date (1984 movie)

***Blind Date***, also known as _Deadly Seduction_, is a 1984 American British Greek erotic thriller movie directed by Nico Mastorakis and starring Kirstie Alley, Joseph Bottoms, Marina Sirtis, Lana Clarkson. It was distributed by New Line Cinema.
Cairo International Stadium

The **Cairo International Stadium** is a large stadium in Cairo, Egypt. It has a capacity of 75,000 people, and is the most visited stadium in Egypt. The stadium was opened in 1960. It was designed by Werner March, the same man who also designed the Berlin Olympic Stadium.

The stadium hosts matches from the Egypt national team, Al Ahly, and Zamalek SC.

Many games in the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations were played at this stadium, including the final between Algeria and Senegal.
30 June Stadium

**30 June Stadium** is a stadium in Cairo, Egypt. It has a capacity of 30,000 people. It was built by the Egyptian Air Defense Forces.

The stadium is used by the Egyptian Premier League club Pyramids FC, and was one of the stadiums which hosted 2019 Africa Cup of Nations matches.

On 8 February 2015, 20 football fans died from a stampede when the crowd panicked after police used tear gas to clear the fans trying to force their way into the stadium.
Borg El Arab Stadium

**Borg El Arab Stadium** is the second largest stadium in Africa, and is in Borg El Arab, near Alexandria, Egypt. It has a capacity of 86,000 people.

It hosts some matches for the Egypt national team, Smouha SC, Al Ahly SC, and Al Ittihad Alexandria Club.
Organic acid

**Organic acid** is a type of organic compound that typically has acidic properties. A common example of organic acids are called carboxyl acids, which are generally known as weak acids and do not totally dissociate in a medium such as water, unlike with strong minerals.

The simplest form of organic acids, such as acetic and formic, are typically used in stimulation treatments against corrosion for gas and oil, since these are less reactive compared to hydrochloric acid and other strong acids.
Femen

**Femen** is a group of people which identify as feminist. The group was founded in 2008, in Ukraine. Since then, they mostly became known for different protests, they did with their breasts exposted (topless).

## Infobox (organization)

- **name**: FEMEN
Фемен
- **image**: FEMEN_Activist_poses_topless_with_a_hammer.jpg
- **image size**: 300 px
- **logo**: Femen Logo.svg
- **type**: Protest and activist group
- **focus**: Abolish Patriarchy#Feminist theory, patriarchy to achieve women's liberation
- **location**: Paris, France (main headquarters)
- **key people**: Anna Hutsol
Oksana Shachko
Alexandra Shevchenko
Inna Shevchenko
Yana Zhdanova
- **homepage**: [http://femen.org/ femen.org]
Rashid Rauf

**Rashid Rauf** (ca. 1981 – 22 November 2008) was a person thought to work for Al-Qaeda. He was a citizen of two countries, with them being the United Kingdom and Pakistan. He would be arrested in Bhawalpur, Pakistan as he was involved with the 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot in August 2006, a day before some other arrests were made in the United Kingdom.  The Pakistani Interior Minister, Aftab Ahmed Khan Sherpao, thought that he was definitely someone who worked for al Qaeda.  He was thought to be one of the leaders of the plot.  In December 2006, the anti-terrorism court in Rawalpindi said that they couldn't find any proof that showed he had been involved in helping terrorists, but was charged with some smaller charges.

Rauf was born in England with people originally from Pakistan as his parents, and was in Birmingham during his childhood. Rauf was married to someone in the family of Maulana Masood Azhar.

Rauf was killed in 2008 in a drone strike.

## Infobox (criminal)

- **name**: Rashid Rauf
- **native name**: راشد رؤوف
- **native name lang**: ur
- **birth date**: about 1981
- **birth place**: Birmingham, West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England
- **death place**: North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- **death cause**: Drone strikes in Pakistan, Drone attack
- **citizenship**: United Kingdom, British
Pakistani
- **occupation**: terrorist
- **organization**: Jaish-e-Mohammed
Al-Qaeda
- **known for**: 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot
- **criminal charge**: terrorism
- **escaped**: 14 December 2007
- **escape end**: 22 November 2008 (death)
2021 Henan floods

From 17-31 July 2021, China's Henan province has been affected by flooding caused by a long period of heavy rainfall. There had been record-breaking maximum rainfall in an hour, , was seen in Zhengzhou, the capital of the province. The floods and landslides have killed least 56 people with at least 5 went missing. 585,193 people were evacuated, 919,519 were relocated, and 7.579 million people were affected.

The floods were made more likely because of extreme weather caused by climate change in China.
Tuomo Ylipulli

**Tuomo Sakari Ylipulli** (3 March 1965 – 23 July 2021) was a Finnish ski jumper. He was born in Rovaniemi, Finland. He won a gold medal in the Team large hill competition at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. He also won two gold medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in 1985 and 1987.

Ylipulli died on 23 July 2021 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 56.
Marshall Applewhite

**Marshall Herff "Do" Applewhite Jr.** (May 17, 1931 – March 26, 1997) was an American cult leader. He co-founded what became known as the Heaven's Gate religious group and organized their mass suicide in 1997, which killed 39 people. Applewhite was born in Spur, Texas.

In 1954, Applewhite was drafted by the United States Army and served in Austria and New Mexico as a member of the Army Signal Corps.

Applewhite believed in the ancient astronaut hypothesis, which said that extraterrestrials had visited humanity in the past and put humans on Earth and would return to collect some people.

Applewhite killed himself during the Heaven's Gate mass suicide by drinking barbiturate at his Rancho Santa Fe, California mansion, aged 65.
Jeremy Gelbwaks

**Jeremy Russell Gelbwaks** (born May 22, 1961) is an American former child actor who starred as Chris Partridge in the television series _The Partridge Family_ from 1970 to 1971 on ABC.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Jeremy Gelbwaks
- **image**: The Partridge Family Jeremy Gelbwaks 1970.jpg
- **imagesize**: 160px
- **caption**: Gelbwaks in September 1970
- **birth name**: Jeremy Russell Gelbwaks
- **birth place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **years active**: 1970-1971
Rancho Santa Fe, California

**Rancho Santa Fe** is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, United States. It is within the San Diego metropolitan area. The population was 3,156 at the 2020 census.
David Reimer

**David Reimer** (born **Bruce Peter Reimer**; 22 August 1965 – 4 May 2004) was a Canadian man who was born male but raised as a girl following medical advice and after his penis was badly injured during a circumcision gone wrong in infancy. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Reimer's parents were told to raise him as a girl by Dr John Money. He displayed a lot of masculine behavior, including urinating while standing up over the toilet. Reimer realized that he was not a girl between the ages of 9 and 11 years.

He reverted to living as a male at age 15. His surgery gone wrong has been used as an example of what not to do and became known as the "John/Joan" case. Reimer later went public with his story to help people not go through similar medical practices.

Reimer, who was suffering from depression, killed himself on 4 May 2004 in Winnipeg after shooting himself outside a grocery store, aged 38.
John and Lorena Bobbitt

**John Wayne Bobbitt** (born March 23, 1967) and **Lorena Bobbitt** (née **Gallo**; born October 31, 1969) were an American couple married on June 18, 1989 and lived in Manassas, Virginia. Their relationship became well known in 1993 when, after claims of years of rape and abuse by her husband, Lorena cut off his penis with a knife while he was asleep in bed. The penis was surgically reattached.

John was born in Buffalo, New York and Lorena was born in Guayas Province, Ecuador.

John Bobbitt was acquitted on the rape charge. Lorena Bobbitt was found not guilty for reason of insanity.

In 1995, after six years of marriage, John and Lorena finalized their divorce.

After the events, John starred in two pornographic movies in the 1990s and said in 2018 that his penis is "back to normal".

Lorena was invited by President Abdalá Bucaram for an official dinner and later became godparents to each other's children in 1996.

In December 1997, Lorena was charged with assault for punching her mother, Elvia Gallo, as they watched television. She was eventually acquitted of assault and in 2007, she founded Lorena's Red Wagon organization, which helps prevent domestic violence through family-oriented activities.
National personification

A **National personification** are concepts such as nations, emotions, and natural forces/phenomena, such as seasons and weather in relation to personae characteristics of a state or the people(s) it inhabits. It may appear in political mascots and cultural depictions.

## List of national personifications

|Location|Image|Personification|Animal used for the same purpose|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|||Hellas||
|||Bharat Mata ("Mother India")|Bengal tiger, Indian elephant|
|||Ériu, Banba, Fódla, Kathleen Ni Houlihan, Hibernia, The Old Woman of Beare||
|||Britannia (United Kingdom), John Bull (England), Dame Wales (Wales)|The Lion and the Unicorn (England and Scotland), Bulldog (United Kingdom), Welsh dragon (Wales)|
|||Uncle Sam (government personification), Lady Liberty, Columbia, Johnny Reb (The South, obsolete), Billy Yank (The North, obsolete), Brother Jonathan (New England, obsolete)|Bald Eagle, Timber rattlesnake (American Revolution, obsolete)|

## Related pages

- National emblem, for other metaphors for nations.
- Polandball, a satirical Internet meme where countries are depicted as balls.
Sheldon Glashow

**Sheldon Lee Glashow** (, ; born December 5, 1932) is an American theoretical physicist. He is the Metcalf Professor of Mathematics and Physics at Boston University. He is also a professor emeritus, at Harvard University. He is known for his works about the unification of electroweak interactions. He won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics alongside Steven Weinberg and Abdus Salam.

Glashow was born in New York City. He studied at Cornell University and Harvard University. In 1972, he married Joan Shirley Alexander. They have four children.

## Other websites

- Sheldon Lee Glashow on www.nobel-winners.com
- Interview with Glashow on Superstrings
- Contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including inter alia the prediction of the weak neutral current.
- Sheldon Glashow Boston University Physics Department
Steven Weinberg

**Steven Weinberg** (; May 3, 1933 – July 23, 2021) was an American theoretical physicist. He won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics for his works with Abdus Salam and Sheldon Glashow to the unification of the weak force and electromagnetic interactions.

Weinberg was born in New York City. He studied at Cornell University and Princeton University. In 1954, he married law academic Louise Goldwasser. They have one daughter, Elizabeth. Weinberg is Jewish and a liberal.

Weinberg died on July 23, 2021 at a hospital in Austin, Texas at the age of 88.
Louise Weinberg

**Louise Weinberg** (née **Goldwasser**; born December 5, 1932) is an American legal scholar. She is known for being the chairholder and law professor at the University of Texas Law School. She is known for her "judicial federalism" legal theory.

Weinberg was born in New York City. She studied at Cornell University and at Harvard University. From 1954 until his death in 2021, she was married to physicist and Nobel winner Steven Weinberg. They had one daughter.
Jerome Isaac Friedman

**Jerome Isaac Friedman** (born March 28, 1930) is an American physicist. He is Institute Professor and Professor of Physics, _Emeritus, _at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He won the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Henry Kendall and Richard Taylor, for work showing an internal structure for protons later known to be quarks.

Friedman was born in Chicago, Illinois to a Jewish family. He studied at the University of Chicago. In 1956, he married Tania Letetsky-Baranovsky. They have four children.

In 2003, he was one of 22 Nobel winners who signed the Humanist Manifesto. He is an atheist.

In 2017, he was elected a foreign member of the Academia Europaea.
Henry Way Kendall

**Henry Way Kendall** (December 9, 1926 – February 15, 1999) was an American particle physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1990 with Jerome Isaac Friedman and Richard E. Taylor for their works on the scattering of electrons on protons and the creation of the quark model in particle physics.

Kendall was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He studied at Amherst College and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Kendall died, aged 72, while diving the cave at the Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park in Wakulla County, Florida on February 15, 1999. He ran out of oxygen while ignoring safety protocols, which his autopsy found to be on purpose because of a physiological issue.
Amherst College

**Amherst College** ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1821 as an attempt to relocate Williams College.

## Infobox (university)

- **name**: Amherst College
- **image**: Amherst College College Row.jpg
- **motto**: _Terras Irradient_ (Latin)
- **mottoeng**: Let them enlighten the lands
- **type**: Private school, Private
- **affiliation**: Five College Consortium
Annapolis Group
New England Association of Schools and Colleges, NEASC
Association of Independent Colleges and Universities in Massachusetts, AICUM
568 Group
National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, NAICU
- **endowment**: $2.57 billion (2020)
- **president**: Carolyn Martin
- **undergrad**: 1,855 (Fall 2018)
- **faculty**: 300 (Fall 2018)
- **city**: Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst
- **state**: Massachusetts
- **country**: United States
- **campus**: Rural

- **colors**: Purple and white

- **athletics**: NCAA Division III – New England Small College Athletic Conference, NESCAC
- **mascot**: Amherst Mammoths football, Mammoths
- **logo**: Amherst College logo.svg
- **logo upright**: 1.1
Creedmoor, Texas

**Creedmoor** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Jonestown, Texas

**Jonestown** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Lakeway, Texas

**Lakeway** is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Alfred Loewenstein

**Alfred Léonard Loewenstein**  (11 March 1877 – 4 July 1928) was a Belgian banker and businessman. Loewenstein was worth around £12 million in the currency of the time (equivalent to £ million in ), making him the third richest person in the world at the time.

Loewenstein died on 4 July 1928 after his body fell out of his private plane that was travelling over the North Sea, aged 51. The reason why he fell out of the plane is unknown as murder, accidental or suicide have been not been ruled out.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Alfred Loewenstein
- **image**: Weekblad Pallieter - voorpagina 1926 38 loewenstein.jpg
- **caption**: Loewenstein (by Jos De Swerts, 1926)
- **birth name**: Alfred Léonard Loewenstein
- **birth place**: Brussels, Belgium
- **death place**: North Sea
- **occupation**: banker, entrepreneur
Tsung-Dao Lee

**Tsung-Dao Lee** (; November 24, 1926 – August 4, 2024) was a Chinese-American physicist. He was born in Shanghai. He is known for his work on parity violation, the Lee Model, particle physics, relativistic heavy ion (RHIC) physics, nontopological solitons and soliton stars.

He was a University Professor Emeritus at Columbia University, where he taught from 1953 until his retirement in 2012.

In 1957, Lee, at the age of 30, won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Chen Ning Yang for their work on the violation of the parity law in weak interactions.

Lee died in San Francisco, California on August 4, 2024, at the age of 97.
COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu

The **COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu** is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). The first case in Vanuatu was confirmed on 11 November 2020. The Vanuatuan Government and groups such as the Vanuatu Red Cross support and encourage vaccination against COVID-19.

## Infobox (pandemic)

- **name**: COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu
- **disease**: COVID-19
- **virus strain**: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2
- **location**: Vanuatu
- **first case**: Port Vila
- **arrival date**: 11 November 2020
( ago)
- **origin**: Wuhan, Hubei, China
- **confirmed cases**: 4
- **suspected cases**: 0
- **recovery cases**: 3
- **deaths**: 1
Shin'ichirō Tomonaga

, usually known as **Sin-Itiro Tomonaga** in English, was a Japanese physicist and important in the creation of quantum electrodynamics. For this, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 along with Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger. Tomonaga was born in Tokyo.

Tomonaga died on July 8, 1979 in Tokyo of throat cancer, aged 73.
Samuel C. C. Ting

**Samuel Chao Chung Ting** (, born January 27, 1936) is a Chinese-American physicist. With Burton Richter, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1976 for discovering the subatomic J/ψ particle. He has been the principal investigator in research with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

Ting was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan.
Arno Allan Penzias

**Arno Allan Penzias** (; April 26, 1933 – January 22, 2024) was a German-born American physicist and radio astronomer. Along with Robert Woodrow Wilson, he discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation, which helped create the Big Bang theory of cosmology. He and Wilson won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Penzias was born in Munich, Germany and raised in New York City. He studied at Columbia University.

Penzias died from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease in San Francisco, California on January 22, 2024, at the age of 90.
Pyotr Kapitsa

**Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa** or **Peter Kapitza**  (Russian: Пётр Леонидович Капица, Romanian: Petre Capița ( – 8 April 1984) was a Soviet physicist and engineer. He was best known for his work in low-temperature physics. He won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **birth name**: Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa
- **native name**: Пётр Леонидович Капица
- **image**: Pyotr L Kapitsa Russian physicist 1964.jpg
- **caption**: Pyotr Kapitsa in 1964
- **birth place**: Kronstadt, Russia, Kronstadt, Russian Empire
- **death place**: Moscow, Soviet Union
- **resting place**: Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
- **nationality**: Russian Empire, Russian, Soviet Union, Soviet
- **citizenship**: Russian Empire (1894–1917) → RSFSR (1917–1922) → Soviet Union (1922–1984)
- **field**: Physics
- **doctoral students**: David Shoenberg
- **known for**: Superfluidity
Kapitza's pendulum
William Alfred Fowler

**William Alfred Fowler** (August 9, 1911 – March 14, 1995) was an American nuclear physicist. With Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, he  won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics. He is known for his theoretical and experimental research into nuclear reactions within stars and the energy elements produced in the process. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Fowler died on March 14, 1995 in Pasadena, California from kidney failure, aged 83.
Carlo Rubbia

**Carlo Rubbia**,  (born 31 March 1934) is an Italian particle physicist and inventor. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1984 with Simon van der Meer for work leading to the discovery of the W and Z particles at CERN. He was born in Gorizia, Italy. He also promoted nuclear power and particle accelerator by thorium.

He was elected a member of the Pontifical Academy of Science and the Academia Europaea in 1992.
Klaus von Klitzing

**Klaus von Klitzing** (, born 28 June 1943) is a German physicist. He is known for his discovery of the integer quantum Hall effect. He was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **birth place**:
(now Środa Wielkopolska, Poland)
- **name**: Klaus von Klitzing
- **image**: Klaus von Klitzing 2015.jpg
- **nationality**: German
- **field**: Physics
- **known for**: Quantum Hall effect
Ernst Ruska

**Ernst August Friedrich Ruska** (25 December 1906 – 27 May 1988) was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for his work in electron optics. He helped create the design of the first electron microscope.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Ernst Ruska
- **birth name**: Ernst August Friedrich Ruska
- **birth place**: Heidelberg, Grand Duchy of Baden, German Empire
- **nationality**: Germany, German
- **death place**: West Berlin, Germany
- **field**: Physics
- **work institution**: Fritz Haber Institute
Technical University of Berlin
- **alma mater**: Technical University of Berlin
Technical University of Munich
- **doctoral advisor**: Max Knoll
- **known for**: Electron microscope, Electron Microscopy
- **prizes**: Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research <small>(1960)</small>
Duddell Medal and Prize <small>(1975)</small>
Robert Koch Prize
Nobel Prize in Physics
- **footnotes**: Ernst Ruska constructed the first transmission electron microscope (TEM) with his mentor Max Knoll
Gerd Binnig

**Gerd Binnig** (born 20 July 1947) is a German physicist. He is most famous for having won the Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Heinrich Rohrer in 1986 for the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Gerd Binnig
- **image**: Gerd Binnig at the Memorial Symposium for Heinrich Rohrer (cropped) 2.jpg
- **birth place**: Frankfurt am Main, Allied-occupied Germany
- **field**: Physics
- **alma mater**: Goethe University Frankfurt, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt
- **doctoral advisor**: Werner Martienssen
Eckhardt Hoenig
- **doctoral students**: Franz Josef Giessibl
- **work institution**: IBM Zurich Research Laboratory
- **known for**: Scanning tunneling microscope, atomic force microscope
- **prizes**:
Kavli Prize (2016)
Georg Bednorz

**Johannes Georg Bednorz** (born 16 May 1950) is a German physicist. With K. Alex Müller, they discovered high-temperature superconductivity in ceramics, for which they shared the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physics.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Johannes Georg Bednorz
- **image**: 8th Silesian Science Festival, Johannes Georg Bednorz, KsP 709, 09.12.2024.jpg
- **caption**: Bednorz in 2013
- **birth place**: Neuenkirchen, Westphalia, Neuenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany
- **nationality**: Germany, German
- **field**: Physics
- **doctoral advisor**: Heini Gränicher,
K. Alex Müller
- **known for**: High-temperature superconductivity
- **prizes**: Marcel Benoist Prize
Nobel Prize in Physics
Russell Alan Hulse

**Russell Alan Hulse** (born November 28, 1950) is an American physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1993, which he shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., for the discovery of a new type of pulsar and his studies on gravitational waves.

In 2004, Hulse joined University of Texas at Dallas and became the Founding Director of UT Dallas Science and Engineering Education Center (SEEC).

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Russell Alan Hulse
- **image**: HD.3A.054 (10541035993).jpg
- **birth place**: New York City, New York (state), New York
- **nationality**: United States
- **workplaces**: University of Texas at Dallas, UT Dallas
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
National Radio Astronomy Observatory, NRAO
- **alma mater**: Cooper Union B.S.
University of Massachusetts Amherst, UMass Amherst Ph.D.
- **awards**: Nobel Prize in Physics (1993)
- **doctoral advisor**: Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.
Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

**Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.** (born March 29, 1941) is an American astrophysicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1993 for his discovery with Russell Alan Hulse of a "new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation".

Taylor Jr. was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He studied at Harvard University.
Frederick Reines

**Frederick Reines** ( ; March 16, 1918 – August 26, 1998) was an American physicist. He was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics for his works on the neutrino with Clyde Cowan in the neutrino experiment.

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Frederick Reines
- **image**: Frederick Reines.jpg
- **caption**: Frederick Reines
- **birth place**: Paterson, New Jersey
- **death place**: Orange, California
- **citizenship**: American
- **field**: Physics
- **known for**: Neutrinos
- **doctoral advisor**: Richard D. Present
- **thesis title**: Nuclear fission and the liquid drop model of the nucleus
- **thesis url**: https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.70.557.2
- **thesis year**: 1944
- **doctoral students**: Michael K. Moe (1965)
- **spouse**: Sylvia Samuels (m. 1940; 2 children)