juno-labs/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bernardo Ribeiro

**Bernardo Salim Ribeiro** (9 October 1989 – 7 May 2016) was a Brazilian footballer. He played as an attacking midfielder. On February 2011, he completed  move to Skënderbeu Korçë. He officially became part of the club in July 2011. In August 2012 he signed for A-League club Newcastle Jets.

On 8 May 2016, Ribeiro died of a heart attack during a match in Brazil, aged 26.

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Bernardo Ribeiro
- **image**: Bernardo Ribeiro.jpg
- **fullname**: Bernardo Salim Ribeiro
- **death date**: (aged 26)
- **birth place**: Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- **position**: Midfielder (association football), Attacking midfielder
- **youthyears1**: 1999–2011
- **youthclubs1**: Clube de Regatas do Flamengo, Flamengo
- **years1**: 2011–2012
- **years2**: 2012–2013
- **years3**: 2013–2014
- **years4**: 2015
- **years5**: 2016
- **clubs1**: Skënderbeu Korçë, Skënderbeu
- **clubs2**: Newcastle Jets
- **clubs3**: IFK Mariehamn
- **clubs4**: Inter de Lages
- **clubs5**: Friburguense
- **caps1**: 5
- **caps2**: 6
- **caps3**: 32
- **caps4**: 0
- **caps5**: 0
- **goals1**: 1
- **goals2**: 0
- **goals3**: 3
- **goals4**: 0
- **goals5**: 0
- **pcupdate**: 8 May 2016
Alan K. Simpson

**Alan Kooi Simpson** (September 2, 1931 – March 14, 2025) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. He served from 1979 to 1997 as a United States Senator from Wyoming. His dad, Milward L. Simpson, was also a senator (1962–1967), and served as a Wyoming governor (1955–1959).

In 2010, Simpson was appointed by President Obama to co-chair the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform with Democrat co-chair Erskine Bowles of North Carolina.

In December 2024, he broke a hip and never fully recovered, and he died at his home in Cody, Wyoming on March 14, 2025, at the age of 93.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Alan Simpson
- **image**: Alan Kooi Simpson (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Official portrait,  1970s
- **office**: Co-Chair of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform
- **alongside**: Erskine Bowles
- **term start**: February 18, 2010
- **term end**: December 1, 2010
- **office1**: Party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Minority Whip
- **leader1**: Bob Dole
- **term start1**: January 3, 1987
- **term end1**: January 3, 1995
- **predecessor1**: Alan Cranston
- **successor1**: Wendell Ford
- **office2**: Party leaders of the United States Senate, Senate Majority Whip
- **leader2**: Bob Dole
- **term start2**: January 3, 1985
- **term end2**: January 3, 1987
- **predecessor2**: Ted Stevens
- **successor2**: Alan Cranston
- **jr/sr3**: United States Senator
- **state3**: Wyoming
- **term start3**: January 1, 1979
- **term end3**: January 3, 1997
- **predecessor3**: Clifford Hansen
- **successor3**: Mike Enzi
- **office4**: Member of the
Wyoming House of Representatives
from Park County, Wyoming, Park County
- **term start4**: January 1965
- **term end4**: November 10, 1977
- **birth name**: Alan Kooi Simpson
- **birth place**: Denver, Colorado, U.S.
- **death place**: Cody, Wyoming, U.S.
- **party**: Republican Party (United States), Republican
- **children**: 3, including Colin M. Simpson, Colin
- **relatives**: Milward Simpson (father)
Pete Simpson (brother)
- **education**: University of Wyoming (Bachelor of Science, BS, Bachelor of Laws, JD)
- **awards**: Presidential Medal of Freedom (2022)
- **serviceyears**: 1954–1956
- **rank**: Second lieutenant, Second Lieutenant
- **unit**: 5th Infantry Regiment (United States), 5th Infantry
2nd Armored Division (United States), 2nd Armored Division
- **appointer**: Barack Obama
Moscow International Business Center

** Moscow International Business Center** (; ММДЦ), also referred to as **Moscow City** () is a commercial district in central Moscow, Russia. It is located in _Presnenskaya District_.

## Infobox (building)

- **name**: Moscow International Business Center
- **native name**: **Московский международный деловой центр**
 _Moskovskyy mezhdunarodniy delovoy tsentr_
- **image**: Moscow (52078730783).jpg
- **image size**: 320px
- **caption**: Moscow International Business Center in May 2022
- **alternate names**: Moskva-City
- **status**: under construction
- **location**: Presnensky District, Moscow
- **start date**: 1995
- **completion date**: 2024
- **architectural style**: Postmodern architecture ,  Postmodernism
- **website**: https://www.citymoscow.ru/
Karl W. Butzer

**Karl W. Butzer**  (August 19, 1934 – May 4, 2016) was an German-born American geographer, cultural ecologist and environmental archaeologist.

Butzer was born in Mülheim, Germany. He  studied at McGill University and at the University of Bonn.

From 1959 through 1966, he taught at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He taught at the University of Chicago until 1984.  After that, he went to University of Texas at Austin.

Butzer died on May 4, 2016 in Austin, Texas at the age of 81.

## Other websites

- Karl W. Butzer , Raymond C. Dickson Centennial Professor of Liberal Arts

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Karl W. Butzer
- **image**: Butzer_karl.JPG
- **birth date**: August 19, 1934
- **birth place**: Mülheim, Germany
- **death date**: May 4, 2016 (aged 81)
- **death place**: Austin, Texas, Austin, Texas, United States, U.S.
- **occupation**: Geographer, Cultural Ecologist and Environmental Archaeologist
One (U2 song)

**"One"** is a rock ballad from the Irish rock group U2. The song is about breakups and wanting to stay together. It is the third song from their studio album _Achtung Baby_. It was released in March 1992 as the album's third single.

"One" was released as a charity benefit single. Profits from the song went to AIDS research. The song reached the top of the Irish Singles Charts, the U.S. _Billboard_ Album Rock Tracks and Modern Rock Tracks. The song hit #10 on the _Billboard_ Hot 100.

The song has been redone by many artists, like Adam Lambert, Damien Rice and Johnny Cash.

## Track listings

The song has various track listings.

## Infobox (song)

- **name**: One
- **type**: single
- **artist**: U2
- **album**: Achtung Baby
- **b-side**: "Lady with the Spinning Head (UV1)"
- **recorded**: October 1990 – September 1991
- **studio**: *Hansa Ton Studios (Berlin)
*Elsinore (Dalkey)
*Windmill Lane Studios (Dublin)
- **genre**: Rock music, Rock
- **label**: Island Records, Island
- **composer**: U2
- **lyricist**: Bono
- **producer**: Daniel Lanois with Brian Eno
- **prev title**: Mysterious Ways (song), Mysterious Ways
- **prev year**: 1991
- **next title**: Even Better Than the Real Thing
- **next year**: 1992
Romalı Perihan

**Perihan Özkurt** (born Perihan Benli; 18 March 1942 – 5 May 2016), best known as  ***Romalı Perihan***, formerly _Perihan, Princess of Esfandiari-Bakhtiari_, was an internationally known Turkish soprano, socialite, painter, model, columnist, and actress. She married to the late Iranian nobleman Bijan, Prince of Esfandiari-Bakhtiari in Italy. She is mainly known for her role in _La Dolce Vita_.

Perihan died in Istanbul from a heart attack on 5 May 2016, aged 74.

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Perihan Özkurt
- **native name lang**: Turkish language, Turkish
- **image**: Romalı Perihan (cropped).jpg
- **caption**: Romalı Perihan during a cabaret performance
- **birth name**: Perihan Benli
- **birth place**: Rome, Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946), Kingdom of Italy
- **death place**: Istanbul, Turkey
- **death cause**: Heart attack
- **occupation**: Actress, singer
Candye Kane

**Candye Kane,** born **Candace Hogan** (November 13, 1961 – May 6, 2016), was an American singer-songwriter of Jewish descent. She was best known in the blues and jazz genre. She was included in the books _Rolling Stone Guide to Jazz and Blues,_ _Elwood's Blues_ by Dan Aykroyd. She also had a career as a pornographic actress during porn's golden age. She was born in Ventura, California. In 2014, Kane was nominated for a Blues Music Award in the 'Contemporary Blues Female Artist of the Year' category.

Kane was a bisexual. In 2008, she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Kane died from the disease at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles on May 6, 2016, aged 54.
Isao Tomita

, often known simply as **Tomita**, was a Japanese music composer. He was born in Tokyo. He is called as one of the pioneers of electronic music and space music. He is one of the most famous producers of analog synthesizer arrangements. Many of his albums are electronic versions and adaptations of famous classical music pieces and he received four Grammy Award nominations for his 1974 album _Snowflakes Are Dancing_.

Isao died of heart failure in Tokyo on 5 May 2016, aged 84.
Chris Mitchell

**Christopher Philip Mitchell** (21 July 1988 – 6 May 2016) was a Scottish professional footballer. Mitchell played for Falkirk, Ayr United, Bradford City, Queen of the South and Clyde. He was born in Stirling, Scotland. Mitchell won seven caps for the Scotland national under-21 football team.

Mitchell died on 6 May 2016, aged 27.

## Other websites

- Scotland stats at Scottish FA

## Infobox (football biography)

- **name**: Chris Mitchell
- **image**: Christopher Mitchell - Schottland U-21 (1).jpg
- **image size**: 200
- **caption**: Mitchell with Scotland national under-21 football team, Scotland U21 in 2009
- **fullname**: Christopher Philip Mitchell
- **birth place**: Stirling, Scotland
- **death place**: Stirling, Scotland
- **height**: 1.75 m
- **position**: Defender (association football), Defender, midfielder
- **youthclubs1**: Livingston FC, Livingston
- **youthyears2**: 2006–2007
- **youthclubs2**: Falkirk F.C., Falkirk
- **years1**: 2007–2011
- **clubs1**: Falkirk F.C., Falkirk
- **caps1**: 39
- **goals1**: 1
- **years2**: 2010
- **clubs2**: → Ayr United F.C., Ayr United (loan)
- **caps2**: 10
- **goals2**: 1
- **years3**: 2011–2012
- **clubs3**: Bradford City A.F.C., Bradford City
- **caps3**: 11
- **goals3**: 1
- **years4**: 2012–2015
- **clubs4**: Queen of the South F.C., Queen of the South
- **caps4**: 65
- **goals4**: 2
- **years5**: 2015–2016
- **clubs5**: Clyde F.C., Clyde
- **caps5**: 15
- **goals5**: 0
- **totalcaps**: 140
- **totalgoals**: 5
- **nationalyears1**: 2008–2009
- **nationalteam1**: Scotland national under-21 football team, Scotland U21
- **nationalcaps1**: 7
- **nationalgoals1**: 0
The Jungle Book (2016 movie)

***The Jungle Book*** is a 2016 American fantasy adventure movie directed by Jon Favreau, written by Justin Marks and produced by Walt Disney Pictures. It is based on Rudyard Kipling's _The Jungle Book_ and inspired by Walt Disney's 1967 animated movie of the same name.

It stars Favreau, Marks and producer Brigham Taylor developed the movie's story with a mixture between Disney's animated version and Kipling's original books. Filming began in 2014, with filming taking place in Los Angeles.

_The Jungle Book_ was released to very positive reviews in North America on April 15, 2016. It has a 95% on Rotten Tomatoes.

## Cast

- Neel Sethi as Mowgli
- Bill Murray as Baloo
- Ben Kingsley as Bagheera
- Idris Elba as Shere Khan
- Lupita Nyong'o as Raksha
- Scarlett Johansson as Kaa
- Giancarlo Esposito as Akela
- Christopher Walken as King Louie
- Garry Shandling as Ikki
2020 United States presidential election

The **2020 United States presidential election** was the 59th presidential election and was held on November 3, 2020. Former vice president Joe Biden and U.S. senator Kamala Harris defeated incumbent Republican President Donald Trump and incumbent Vice President Mike Pence on the Democratic Party ticket.

Voters selected presidential electors who then voted on December 14, 2020 to either elect a new president and vice president or re-elect the incumbents. On November 7, Biden won the election and became the president-elect of the United States.

## Infobox (election)

- **election name**: 2020 United States presidential election
- **country**: United States
- **flag year**: 1960
- **type**: presidential
- **college voted**: yes
- **previous election**: 2016 United States presidential election
- **previous year**: 2016
- **election date**: November 3, 2020
- **next election**: 2024 United States presidential election
- **next year**: 2024
- **votes for election**: 538 members of the United States Electoral College, Electoral College
- **needed votes**: 270 electoral
- **turnout**: 66.2%  (preliminary)
- **image size**: 200x200px
- **image1**: Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg
- **nominee1**: **Joe Biden**
- **party1**: Democratic Party (United States)
- **home state1**: Delaware
- **running mate1**: **Kamala Harris**
- **popular vote1**: **81,268,867**
- **percentage1**: **51.3%**
- **electoral vote1**: **306**
- **states carried1**: **25 + Washington, D.C., DC + Nebraska's 2nd congressional district, NE-02**
- **image2**: Donald Trump official portrait (3x4a).jpg
- **nominee2**: Donald Trump
- **party2**: Republican Party (United States)
- **home state2**: Florida
- **running mate2**: Mike Pence
- **popular vote2**: 74,216,747
- **percentage2**: 46.9%
- **electoral vote2**: 232
- **states carried2**: 25 + Maine's 2nd congressional district, ME-02
- **map caption**: The 2020 electoral map results: <span style="color:darkblue;">Blue</span> shows states won by Biden/Harris. <span style="color:#c20;">Red</span> shows states won by Trump/Pence.
- **title**: President
- **before election**: Donald Trump
- **before party**: Republican Party (United States)
- **after election**: Joe Biden
- **after party**: Democratic Party (United States)
Cory Booker

**Cory Anthony Booker** (born April 27, 1969) is an American politician and the senior United States Senator from New Jersey. He is a member of the U.S. Democratic Party. He has been in office since 2013. Before being senator, he served as mayor of Newark from 2006 to 2013.

His first mayoral campaign in Newark, New Jersey, against incumbent Mayor Sharpe James in 2002, was documented in the 2005 feature movie _Street Fight_.

From February 2019 to January 2020, Booker unsuccessfully ran for the 2020 Democratic nomination for President of the United States.

## 2020 presidential campaign

Many news articles believe that Booker would be a popular Democratic candidate for the 2020 presidential election against Donald Trump.

On February 1, 2019, Booker launched his presidential campaign for the Democratic nomination. He ended his campaign on January 13, 2020.

## 2025 marathon speech

On March 31, 2025, Booker began a marathon speech, vowing to speak "for as long as I am physically able". His speech began at 7 p.m. EDT and it was a critical speech against the second Donald Trump administration. Booker gave the longest speech in U.S. Senate history, beating Strom Thurmond's 24-hour-and-18 minute-long filibuster of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. His speech ended the next day and it was 25 hours and five minutes long.

## Personal life

His brother is Cary Booker II, named after their father Cary Booker. In 1969, his parents fought hard against racism by insisting to buy a house in an area where black people were not welcome.

He dated actress Rosario Dawson from 2019 until 2022.

In 2020, he learned that he and entertainer RuPaul are cousins; they discovered it by appearing on the TV show _Finding Your Roots_.

In September 2025, Booker announced his engagement to investor Alexis Lewis. They were married in November 2025.

## Related pages

- Political positions of Cory Booker

## Other websites

- Senator Cory Booker official U.S. Senate site
- Presidential campaign website

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Cory Booker
- **image**: Cory Booker, official portrait (119th Congress).jpg
- **jr/sr**: United States Senator
- **state**: New Jersey
- **alongside**: Andy Kim (politician), Andy Kim
- **term start**: October 31, 2013
- **predecessor**: Jeffrey Chiesa
- **office1**: Mayor of Newark, New Jersey
- **term start1**: July 1, 2006
- **term end1**: October 31, 2013
- **predecessor1**: Sharpe James
- **successor1**: Luis A. Quintana, Luis Quintana
- **office2**: Member of the Newark, New Jersey, Newark City Council
from the Central Ward
- **term start2**: July 1, 1998
- **term end2**: June 30, 2002
- **predecessor2**: George Branch
- **successor2**: Charles Bell
- **birthname**: Cory Anthony Booker
- **birth place**: Washington, D.C., United States, U.S.
- **party**: Democratic Party (United States), Democratic
- **alma mater**: Stanford University
The Queen's College, Oxford, Queen's College, Oxford
Yale Law School
- **partner**: Rosario Dawson (2019–2022)
- **website**: [http://www.booker.senate.gov/ Senate website]
[http://www.corybooker.com/ Campaign website]
Justin Amash

**Justin A. Amash** (; born April 18, 1980) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the only Libertarian member of the United States Congress. He used to be a member of the Republican Party. In January 2011, he was elected as the U.S. Representative for . He left office in 2021.

Amash chaired the Liberty Caucus and is the first and only Libertarian to hold a seat in Congress. Amash received national attention when he became the first Republican congressman to call for the impeachment of Donald Trump, a position he maintained after leaving the party. Even in 2025 several years after leaving office he speaks out about issues on the social platform X.

Although it was said that he would run for Libertarian nomination for the 2020 presidential election, he chose to run for reelection to the House as an independent. On April 28, 2020, he announced the formation of an exploratory committee to seek the Libertarian presidential nomination. However, he announced that he would not run for president on May 16.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Justin Amash
- **image**: Justin Amash official photo.jpg
- **state**: Michigan
- **term start**: January 3, 2011
- **term end**: January 3, 2021
- **predecessor**: Vern Ehlers
- **successor**: Peter Meijer
- **state house1**: Michigan
- **district1**: 72nd
- **term start1**: January 1, 2009
- **term end1**: January 1, 2011
- **predecessor1**: Glenn Steil
- **successor1**: Ken Yonker
- **birth place**: Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.
- **party**: Libertarian Party (United States), Libertarian(2020–present)
- **otherparty**: Republican Party (United States), Republican (until 2019)
Independent politician, Independent (2019–2020)
- **spouse**: Kara Day
- **children**: 3
Icelandic króna

The **Icelandic króna** (**ISK**; plural **krónur**; _króna_ means _crown_) is the currency used in Iceland. The name "Icelandic crown" is sometimes used instead.

There are currently only 5 banknotes (500, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10000 króna) and 5 coins (1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 króna) in circulation.

## History

The Danish krone was introduced to Iceland in 1874. It replaced the earlier Danish currency, the rigsdaler. Iceland began making its own currency in 1885. The Danish krone left Iceland after the collapse of the Scandinavian Monetary Union. Iceland gained it's independence over Denmark  in 1918, and the first coins were issued in 1922.

Iceland experienced hyperinflation in 1981. So the currency was revalued. This meant that the 100 old krónur (ISJ) became as valuable as 1 new króna (ISK). The new 500 krónur banknote was also put into circulation the same year. The largest banknote ever issued was a 10,000 krónur. This bill was made after the 2008–11 Icelandic financial crisis.

In 2009, the Althing voted to join the European Union. After the left-wing parties were voted out of office, the negotiation were stopped. Nowadays, most people predict that the króna will remain the Icelandic currency for a long time.

### Financial crisis

A major financial crisis hit Iceland from 2008 to 2011. It brought about a collapse of the Icelandic banking sector. The value of the Icelandic króna dropped, and it went down to around 185 ISK per 1 euro. After many of the issues were resolved, the krónur value went up to around 140 ISK per 1 euro. However, the value has not been as high as it was since before the crisis (it was at 82 ISK per 1 euro in mid-2007).
Independence Party (Iceland)

The **Independence Party** (Icelandic: _Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn_) is a centre-right political party in Iceland. They are liberal conservatives who are eurosceptic (meaning they don't want Iceland to join the European Union). The party is the one of the largest in Iceland. It is currently tied with the most seats in the Althing. The chairman of the party is Bjarni Benediktsson and vice chairman is  **Þórdís Kolbrún Reykfjörð Gylfadóttir**.

The party was formed in 1929 as a result of two parties merging. The newly formed party wanted Iceland to be independent. This was later achieved in 1944. From 1929 to 2009, the Independence Party was the dominant party in the Althing.

The party is economically liberal, and is against getting involved with other countries' problems. The party is mainly supported by fishermen and high-earners, particularly in Reykjavík. The party also wants Iceland to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Rare-earth magnet

**Rare-earth magnets** are strong permanent magnets made from alloys of rare earth elements.

Developed in the 1970s and '80s, rare-earth magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnets made. They have much stronger magnetic fields than other types such as ferrite or alnico magnets.

There are two types: neodymium magnets and samarium-cobalt magnets. Some rare-earth magnets such as Terfenol-D are magnetostrictive. They also have uses e.g. in speakers.

Rare earth magnets are extremely brittle and also vulnerable to corrosion, so they are usually plated or coated to protect them from breaking, chipping, or crumbling into powder.
Yahrzeit

**Yahrzeit** (Yiddish, from German, _yahr,_ year, plus _zeit,_ time) in Judaism is the yearly observance of the death of a close family member. There are a number of common customs for Jews observing a yahrzeit. These include remembering the relative, lighting memorial candles, saying special prayers, giving money to charity, and visiting the grave of the relative.

The date of the yahrzeit is fixed by the Hebrew calendar.
Arboys-en-Bugey

**Arboys-en-Bugey** is a commune in the Ain department of eastern France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. It was incorporated on 1 January 2016 by the combination of the former communes of Arbignieu and Saint-Bois.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Ain department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Arboys-en-Bugey
- **image**: EglisePeyzieu.JPG
- **caption**: Church in Peyzieu
- **arrondissement**: Belley
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Bugey Sud
- **mayor**: Charles Berge
- **term**: 2016-2020
- **elevation min m**: 221
- **elevation max m**: 778
- **area km2**: 22.49
- **population**: 631
- **population date**: 2013
- **insee**: 01015
- **postal code**: 01300
Groslée-Saint-Benoît

**Groslée-Saint-Benoît** is a commune in the Ain department of east France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. The municipality started on January 1, 2016 when two communes, Groslée and Saint-Benoît, joined together.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Ain department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Groslée-Saint-Benoît
- **image**: Saint-Benoît, Ain.jpg
- **caption**: The village of Saint-Benoît
- **arrondissement**: Belley
- **canton**: Belley
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Bugey Sud
- **mayor**: Guy Plantin
- **term**: 2016-2020
- **elevation min m**: 201
- **elevation max m**: 1000
- **area km2**: 28.92
- **population**: 1180
- **population date**: 2013
- **insee**: 01338
- **postal code**: 01300 and 01680
Walther Leisler Kiep

**Walther Gottlieb Louis Leisler Kiep** (5 January 1926 – 9 May 2016) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was a member of the Bundestag between 1965 and 1976 and again from 1980 to 1982.

After switching to state-level politics, he served as Minister of Economy (1976–77) and Minister of Finance (1976–80) in Lower Saxony under Ernst Albrecht. In 1982, Kiep was the leading candidate for the CDU in two state elections in Hamburg. From 1971 until 1992, he was treasurer of his party at the federal level.

Kiep died on 9 May 2016 in his home in Kronberg im Taunus in Hesse of pneumonia, aged 90.

## Infobox (politician)

- **name**: Walther Leisler Kiep
- **image**: File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F040153-0022, Walter Leisler Kiep.jpg
- **caption**: Walther Leisler Kiep in 1973
- **birth place**: Hamburg, Germany
- **death place**: Kronberg im Taunus, Germany
- **nationality**: German
- **spouse**: Charlotte Kiep
- **children**: 4
- **occupation**: Insurance salesman
- **party**: Christian Democratic Union (Germany), CDU
Haut-Valromey

**Haut-Valromey** is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. The municipality was incorporated on January 1, 2016 and consists of the former communes of Hotonnes, Le Grand-Abergement, Le Petit-Abergement and Songieu.

It is the largest commune of the Ain department.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Ain department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Haut-Valromey
- **image**: Townhall, Hotonnes.jpg
- **caption**: City and town halls, Town hall of the commune in Hotonnes
- **arrondissement**: Belley
- **canton**: Hauteville-Lompnes
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes du Valromey
- **mayor**: Bernard Giraud-Guigues
- **term**: 2016-2020
- **elevation min m**: 567
- **elevation max m**: 1338
- **area km2**: 107.85
- **population**: 691
- **population date**: 2013
- **insee**: 01187
- **postal code**: 01260
Gareth Gwenlan

**Gareth Gwenlan** OBE (26 April 1937 – 9 May 2016) was a British television producer and director. He was best known for his work on shows including _The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin_, _To the Manor Born_, _Only Fools and Horses_, and _High Hopes_. He was born in Brecon, Wales. Gwenlan was made Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2013.

Gwenlan died on 9 May 2016 in Hertfordshire, England, aged 79.
Parves-et-Nattages

**Parves-et-Nattages** is a commune in the Ain department of east France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. The municipality started on January 1, 2016. The two old communes Parves and Nattages to make the new commune.

## Related pages

- Communes of the Ain department

## Infobox (french commune)

- **name**: Parves-et-Nattages
- **arrondissement**: Belley
- **canton**: Belley
- **intercommunality**: Communauté de communes Bugey Sud
- **mayor**: Claude Comet
- **term**: 2016-2020
- **elevation min m**: 220
- **elevation max m**: 663
- **area km2**: 15.86
- **population**: 939
- **population date**: 2013
- **insee**: 01286
- **postal code**: 01300
Henry Silva

**Henry Silva** (September 23, 1926; September 14, 2022) is an American movie and television actor. He is known for his roles as Chunjin in _The Manchurian Candidate_ (1962) and as the voice of Bane in _Batman: The Animated Series_.
Silva died on September 14, 2022, nine days before his 96th birthday, at the Motion Picture & Television Fund home in Los Angeles.

## Other websites

- Henry Silva at the Internet Broadway Database

## Infobox (person)

- **name**: Henry Silva
- **image**: Henry Silva in Quelli che contano (1974) 18 Cropped.png
- **caption**: Silva in _Cry of a Prostitute_ (1974)
- **birth place**: Brooklyn, New York (state), New York, U.S.
- **alma mater**: Actors Studio
- **death place**: Los Angeles, California, U.S.
- **occupation**: Actor
- **yearsactive**: 1952–2001
- **partner**: Wendy Christenfeld (1990–2022; his death)
- **children**: 2
Homeowner association

A **homeowner association** (HOA) is an American real estate term. It is a corporation formed by a real estate developer to market, manage, and sell homes and lots in a residential place.

Later, after a neighborhood is settled, the term may describe a group of home owners which set rules for the neighborhood. The purpose of a home-owners association is to improve the neighborhood's image. The members of a home-owner's association hope that, by improving the image, the values of their homes will rise. If the rules are violated by home-owners, the home-owners association can force them to pay money. If they refuse, the home-owner's association can take away their houses.

The fastest growing form of housing in the United States today is <span id="CIDs"></span>_common-interest development_ (CID), a category that includes various housing types. Since 1964, HOAs have become increasingly common in the United States. HOAs governed 24.8 million American homes and 62 million residents by 2010.
Kohl

**Kohl** is an ancient eye cosmetic, traditionally made by grinding stibnite (Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>). It is widely used in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia as eye liner, to contour and/or darken the eyelids, and as mascara for the eyelashes. It is worn mostly by women, but also by some men and children.

Kohl is very ancient, and is seen in depictions of high status women and godesses in Ancient Egypt. It has also been used in India as a cosmetic for a long time.

The content of kohl and the recipes to prepare it vary greatly. In North Africa and Middle East, homemade kohl is often made by grinding galena (lead sulfide). In the west, soot or organic charcoal may be used instead of lead. Plant oils and the soot from various nuts, seeds, and gum resins are often added to the carbon powder. Unfortunately, the non-lead products do not give such a good result as the older, traditional varieties. Handmade, lead-based kohl continues to be popular.
Papers, Please

***Papers, Please*** is a video game made by Lucas Pope, an indie game developer, published under his secret name 3909. It is about an immigration officer who decided who to let in and who to refuse entry to the fictional country of Arstotzka. The game was released on August 8, 2013 for Microsoft Windows and for OS X. It was released for Linux on February 12, 2014. It was released for iPad on December 12, 2014. A PlayStation Vita version was announced in August 2014, but has not come out yet .

## Gameplay

The gameplay for _Papers, Please_ revolves around an immigrations inspector's life and job. The player can allow people to enter Arstotzka or refuse them. The player can use different tools to check if the immigration papers are out of date, real or fake. The player must try to keep unwanted people out of Arstotzka, like terrorists, criminals and those with incorrect papers. The player must correctly allow and not allow people in to the country within a set amount of time. Each mistake a player makes is 5 credits off their earned money at the end of the day. The money earned at the end of the day is based on how many people have been correctly finished. The player must pay for the officer's family, food and heating. The player can choose to not pay for any of them, which results in something happening to the family.

The game has 20 possible endings.

## Development

Lucas Pope created this game, He used to work for Naughty Dog. After working on the _Uncharted_ games, he left to become an indie developer. He started work on it in November 2012, but it took longer than Pope thought, and was finished in nine months. It was put on green light on April 11, 2013 and was greenlit on May 1.

## Reception

_Papers, Please_ has been thanked for its sense of immersion. CBC News' Jonathan Ore called _Papers, Please_ a "nerve-racking sleuthing game with relentless pacing and dozens of compelling characters – all from a desk job".

Some critics however reacted badly to the paperwork gameplay. Stephanie Bendixsen from the ABC game review show _Good Game_ found the game "tedious", commenting "while I found the issues that arose from the decisions you are forced to make quite interesting, I was just so bored that I just struggled to go from one day to the next. I was torn between wanting to find out more, and just wanting it all to stop."

## Infobox (video game)

- **image**: Papers Please - Title Logo.png
- **title**: Papers, Please
- **developer**: 3909
- **publisher**: 3909
- **released**: **Windows**, **OS X***'Linux***'iOS****PlayStation Vita**
- **designer**: Lucas Pope
- **platform**: Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS, PlayStation Vita
- **genre**: Puzzle video game, Puzzle, Simulation video game, simulation
ProSci Incorporated

**ProSci** is an American biotechnology company with offices located in Poway, California.

The Poway site focuses on manufacturing antibodies for use in research studies leading to diagnostics and therapy development. They specialize in producing a range of antibodies using polyclonal, monoclonal, and recombinant production techniques. ProSci has been a pioneer in the development of commercially available single domain antibodies (VHH – variable heavy chain) derived from camelid species, including llamas and alpacas.

## History

ProSci Incorporated was co-founded in 1998 by Yu Geng, M.D. with the mission to develop neutralizing antibodies against emergent viruses. Their innovative approach using genetically engineered yeast strains and glycoproteins to mimic the HIV-1 glycan coat led to the development of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 glycans.

Early in 2020, ProSci was one of only a handful of companies that had antibodies available that recognized key proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Their reagents led to key discoveries on the mechanism of entry as well as neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Today, ProSci continues to offer tens of thousands of antibodies and custom antibody services to help researchers advance discoveries in the life sciences.

## Infobox (company)

- **name**: ProSci
- **type**: Private company, Private
- **foundation**: 1998
- **location city**: Poway, California
- **location country**: United States
- **products**: *Research Use Antibodies
*Recombinant Proteins
*Research Tools
- **services**: *Custom Antibody Services – Polyclonal, Monoclonal, Recombinant, Single Domain (VHH)
- **homepage**:
Brown bear

The **brown bear** (_Ursus arctos_) is a large bear living in much of northern Eurasia and North America. It is smaller than the polar bear, but is the largest carnivore which lives entirely on the land.
There are several recognized subspecies.

The brown bear's range has shrunk, but it is still listed as a least concern species by the IUCN. Its total population is about 200,000. As of 2012, this and the American black bear are the only bear species not classified as threatened by the IUCN. However, many of the southern Asian subspecies are highly endangered. The smallest subspecies, the Himalayan brown bear, is critically endangered. It lives in just 2% of its former range, and poachers hunt it for its parts. The Marsican brown bear in central Italy is believed to have a population of just 30 to 40 bears.

The brown bear's main range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus. The brown bear is a national and state animal in several European countries. It is the most widely distributed of all bears. Brown bears are omnivores. Brown bears are apex predators. They eat berries, apples, honey, fish, insects, worms, nuts, grasses, leaves, carrion, rodents and rabbits. Brown bears even eat hoofed animals such as deer, moose, reindeer, bison and sheeps.
The Chain of Generations Center

**The Chain of Generations Center** (מרכז שרשרת הדורות - Merkaz Sharsheret HaDorot) is an art museum at the Western Wall Plaza in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem beside the Western Wall which dedicated to the Jewish people history in Glasses. the "Chain of Generations Center" special exhibitions is located in a tunnel that runs several underground spaces, including works sculpted glass, light games, smoke, sound, holograms and archeological finds are. the museum was opened in 2006.

## Other websites

- The Chain of Generations Center
Western Wall Tunnel

**The Western Wall Tunnel** (, translit.: _Minharat Hakotel_) is a tunnel in Jerusalem. It expose part of the Western Wall where the prayer site ends and up to the northern end of the Wall. Most of the tunnel is located under buildings of the Muslim Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. The open-air portion of the Western Wall is about  long. Most of its original length of  is underground. The tunnel allows access to the morthern part of the Wall.

## History

In 19 BCE, King Herod doubled the area of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. He did this by using part of the hill on the Northwest. To do this, four walls were built. The Temple Mount was expanded on top of these walls. These walls and the platform itself were still standing after the Temple was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE.

Since that time, much of the area next to the walls has been covered and built upon.
Part of the Western Wall was still exposed after the destruction of the Temple. It became a place of Jewish prayer for a very long time.

## Excavation

British researchers started excavating the Western Wall in the 19th century. Charles Wilson began the excavations in 1864. This was followed by Charles Warren in 1867 - 70. Wilson found an arch. This arch is now named for him, "Wilson's Arch". It was  wide. The arch is above present-day ground level. It is believed that the arch supported a bridge which connected the Temple Mount to the city during the Second Temple Period.

After the Six-Day War, excavations began to expose more of the Western Wall. The excavations lasted almost twenty years. They found many facts about the history and geography of the Temple Mount that had not been known. The excavations were difficult. Tunnels ran below neighborhoods that were built on top of structures from the Second Temple Period. The excavations were done with the supervision of scientific and rabbinic experts. This was to ensure both the stability of the structures and to prevent damaging the historic artifacts. In 1988, the Western Wall Heritage Foundation was formed. It took over the excavation, maintenance and renovations of the Western Wall and Western Wall Plaza.

## Other websites

- Information from the Kotel site in English
- Jeremy Langford's glass sculptures in "The Chain of Generations Center" in the Western Wall Tunnels
- Read the iTour Jerusalem review of the Western Wall Tunnel
Rezső Nyers

**Rezső Nyers** (21 March 1923 – 22 June 2018) was a former Hungarian politician. He served as Minister of Finance of Hungary from 1960 to 1962. For a few months in 1989, he was the country's last Communist leader serving as President of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party. Nyers died on 22 June 2018 at the age of 95 after a short illness.

## Other websites

- MTI Ki Kicsoda 2006, Magyar Távirati Iroda, Budapest, 2005, 1273–1274. old.
- Nyers 1996-os országgyűlési életrajza
- Életrajz az MTI 1956-os emlékoldalán

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Rezső Nyers
- **image**: Nyers Rezső 1970.jpg
- **caption**: Rezső Nyers in 1970
- **order**: President of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
- **term start**: 26 June 1989
- **term end**: 7 October 1989
- **predecessor**: János Kádár <small>(as President)</small>
Károly Grósz <small>(as General Secretary)</small>
- **successor**: _Himself_
<small>(as President of the Hungarian Socialist Party)</small>
- **order2**: Minister of Finance of Hungary, Minister of Finance
- **term start2**: 5 January 1960
- **term end2**: 27 November 1962
- **predecessor2**: István Antos
- **successor2**: Mátyás Tímár
- **birth place**: Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary
- **profession**: Politician; economist
- **children**: Rezső Nyers
- **party**: Hungarian Social Democratic Party, SZDP
Hungarian Working People's Party, MDP
 MSZMP
Hungarian Socialist Party, MSZP
Reg Grundy

**Reginald Roy "Reg" Grundy** (4 August 1923 – 6 May 2016) was an Australian entrepreneur, and media and television mogul. He was one of the pioneers and most successful television businessman in Australia. He was born in Sydney.

He was also the creator of many TV hits starting with game shows like _Wheel of Fortune_ and _Blankety Blanks_ and later soap operas _Neighbours_, _Prisoner_, _Sons and Daughters_ and _The Young Doctors_.

Grundy died at his home in Bermuda on 6 May 2016, aged 92.
Riki Sorsa

**Richard Esko "Riki" Sorsa** (26 December 1952 – 9 May 2016) was a Finnish pop singer. He started his career in 1974 as the lead singer in the band The Zoo. He represented Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 with the song "Reggae OK".

Sorsa died of cancer on 10 May 2016, aged 63.
Guido van Rossum

**Guido van Rossum** (; born 31 January 1956) is 69 years old. He is a Dutch programmer. He is best known for making the Python programming language.

## Infobox (person)

- **image**: File:Guido-portrait-2014-drc.jpg
- **caption**: Guido van Rossum at the Dropbox (service), Dropbox headquarters in 2014
- **birth place**: Haarlem, Netherlands
- **nationality**: Netherlands, Dutch
- **alma mater**: University of Amsterdam
- **occupation**: Computer programmer, author
- **known for**: Creating the Python (programming language), Python programming language
- **children**: 1
- **awards**: Award for the Advancement of Free Software (2001)
Ilkka Hanski

**Ilkka Aulis Hanski** (14 February 1953 – 10 May 2016) was a Finnish scientist. He worked in the field of ecology at the University of Helsinki. He is known for his research of metapopulation ecology.

He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1998.

Hanski died of a long-illness on 10 May 2016 at a hospital in Helsinki, aged 63.

## Related pages

- List of ecologists from Europe

## Infobox (scientist)

- **name**: Ilkka Hanski
- **image**: Ilkka Hanski.jpg
- **caption**: Ilkka Hanski in January 2009.
- **birth place**: Lempäälä, Finland
- **death place**: Helsinki, Finland
- **fields**: Ecology
- **workplaces**: Helsinki University
- **alma mater**: Helsinki University
- **awards**: Balzan Prize
Sewall Wright Award
Crafoord Prize
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award
Louis van Gasteren

**Louis Alphonse van Gasteren** (20 November 1922 – 10 May 2016) was a Dutch movie director, movie producer, and artist. He was born in Amsterdam. He was known for his movies  _Hans: Het Leven Voor De Dood_ (1983) and _De prijs van overleven_ (2003). He won two Golden Calf Awards. His career began in the 1950s. At the time of his death, he was the oldest active filmmaker in the Netherlands.

Van Gasteren died in Amsterdam on 10 May 2016, aged 93.
Philippe Beaussant

**Philippe Beaussant** (6 May 1930 – 8 May 2016) was a French musicologist and novelist. He was expert on French baroque music. He was born in Bordeaux, France.

He was the founder of the Centre de Musique Baroque de Versailles. He was the artistic adviser of 1987 to 1996. He has also been a producer of musical programs for Radio France since 1974. He was known for writing the biography of Jean-Baptiste Lully, _Lully ou le musicien du soleil_ (Éditions Gallimard, 1992).

Beaussant won the 1993 Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française for his novel _Héloïse_.

He was elected to seat 36 of the Académie française on 15 November 2007. He died in Paris on 8 May 2016, aged 86.

## Other websites

- Biography of Beaussant at the French-language publisher Librairie Arthème Fayard
Motiur Rahman Nizami

**Motiur Rahman Nizami** (Bengali: মতিউর রহমান নিজামী; 31 March 1943 – 11 May 2016) was a Bangladeshi politician, preacher and the former leader of the Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. He was the Member of Parliament of Pabna constituency from 1991 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2006. He also served as the Bangladeshi Minister of Agriculture and Minister of Industry. He is the third minister of Bangladesh to be hanged.

On 29 October 2014 he was sentenced to death for war crimes in 1971 liberation war of Bangladesh by the International Crimes Tribunal of Bangladesh. It has been though that he was the supreme commander of the militia group Al-Badr during the Bangladesh Liberation War.

He was hanged at Dhaka Central Jail on 11 May 2016, aged 73.

## Infobox (officeholder)

- **name**: Motiur Rahman Nizami
- **imagesize**: 220px
- **office**: Leader of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
- **term start**: 2000
- **term end**: 11 May 2016
- **predecessor**: Ghulam Azam
- **successor**: TBA
- **office2**: Minister of Agriculture
- **term start2**: 10 October 2001
- **term end2**: 22 May 2003
- **office3**: Minister of Industries
- **term start3**: 22 May 2003
- **term end3**: 28 October 2006
- **constituency mp4**: Pabna, Pabna-1
- **majority4**: 135,982 (57.68%)
- **term start4**: 1 October 2001
- **term end4**: 28 October 2006
- **predecessor4**: Professor Abu Sayed
- **successor4**: Md. Shamsul Haque
- **majority5**: 55,707 (36.85%)
- **term start5**: 27 February 1991
- **term end5**: 16 February 1996
- **successor5**: Abu Sayed
- **birth place**: Santhia Upazila, Pabna, Bengal Presidency, British India
- **death place**: Dhaka, Bangladesh
- **death cause**: Capital punishment
- **party**: Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, Jamaat-e-Islami
- **spouse**: Shamsunnahar Nizami
- **alma mater**: University of Dhaka
- **profession**: Politician
Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 3rd Duke of Noailles

**Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 3rd Duke of Noailles** (29 September 1678 – 24 June 1766) was a French aristocrat and soldier.   He also acted as the Foreign Minister of France in 1744. As a result of his efforts in war he was created a 1702, a Grandee of Spain in 1711, and a Knight of the Order of Saint-Esprit in 1724. As well as a Marshal of France in 1734 by Louis XV.

## Family

Son of Anne Jules de Noailles, Duke of Noailles on his father's death in 1708. He married Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné, the niece and heiress of Louis XIV's wife Madame de Maintenon, with whom he had 4 daughters and 2 sons.

## Children

1. Françoise Adélaide de Noailles (1 September 1704 – January 1776), married Charles, Count of Armagnac in 1717, son of Louis of Lorraine, Count of Armagnac and had no issue; divorced in 1721;
1. Amable Gabrielle de Noailles (18 February 1706 – September 1742), married Honoré Armand de Villars, Duke of Villars and had one daughter.
1. Marie Louise de Noailles (8 September 1710 – 22 May 1782), married in 1737 to Jacques Nompar de Caumont, Duke of La Force and divorced in 1742; had no issue;
1. Louis de Noailles, Duke of Ayen, **Duke of Noailles** (21 April 1713 – 22 August 1793), married Catherine Françoise Charlotte de Cossé-Brissac and had issue;
1. Philippe de Noailles, Count of Noailles, Duke of Mouchy (27 December 1715 – 27 June 1794), married the famous Anne d'Arpajon (Lady-in-waiting to Marie Antoinette); Louis and his wife were executed in the Revolution;
1. Marie Anne Françoise de Noailles (12 January 1719 – 29 June 1793), married in 1744 Ludwig Engelbert de La Marck (1701–1773), Count of Schleiden.

## Infobox (nobility)

- **name**: Adrien Maurice de Noailles
- **full name**: Adrien Maurice de Noailles
- **title**: 3rd House of Noailles, Duke of Noailles
- **image**: Féron - Adrien Maurice de Noailles (1678-1766) - MV 1082.jpg
- **caption**: Noailles by Éloi Firmin Féron.
- **noble family**: House of Noailles, of Noailles
- **father**: Anne Jules de Noailles, Duke of Noailles, Anne Jules de Noailles
- **mother**: Marie Françoise de Bournonville
- **spouse**: Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné
- **birth place**: Paris
- **issue**: Françoise Adélaide , Countess of Armagnac
Amable Gabrielle, Duchess of Villars
Marie Louise, Duchess of La Force
Louis de Noailles, Duke of Noailles, Louis, Duke of Noailles
Marie Anne, Countess of Schleiden
Gilles Lamontagne

**Joseph-Georges-Gilles-Claude Lamontagne** (; April 17, 1919 – June 14, 2016) was a Canadian retired politician. He served as  the 24th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from March 28, 1984 through August 9, 1990. Before, he served as Mayor of Quebec City from December 1, 1965 through December 1, 1977. He retired in 1990.

Lamontagne was born in Montreal. He fought during World War II. Lamontagne fought as a bomber pilot in the Royal Canadian Air Force. He ended his air force service in the rank of flight lieutenant in 1945. In 1949, he married Mary Schaefer. They would remain married until her death in 2006. They had four children.

In 1990, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2000, he was made a Knight of the National Order of Quebec and in 2005, a member of l'Ordre des Grands Québécois. He is an honorary member of the Royal Military College of Canada.

Lamontagne died on June 14, 2016 in Quebec City, aged 97.