julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Il futuro del Programma Landscape Education for Democracy
2019-09-16

This chapter reflects how the LED project has achieved systemic change, institutional learning and sustainability. The introduction of the LED course into the educational systems of five universities in four European countries has been challenging because it required capacity building at various levels: building a joint body of knowledge; testing, evaluating and revising teaching and learning methods; learning ICT skills; adapting to virtual team work; becoming a reflective educator - to name only the most relevant ones. In parallel, this new capacity had to be validated, ideally by full curricular integration of the new course, which required systemic change. The LED team therefore had to be in constant dialogue with its institutional environments and work hard to disseminate its outcomes from the beginning of the project. This process was very similar to the aims of the LED course itself: it enabled a community to work together, to create something which they cannot create alone and to consider this outcome as an added value that needs to be maintained. The sustainability concept of the LED programme therefore builds on three mutually reinforcing pillars: the LED course, the LED resources and the LED certificate. Each is explained in more detail in this chapter. We conclude with an emerging participatory and transdisciplinary methodology for landscape democracy, the landscape biography.
Visualizing Landscapes by Geospatial Techniques
2020-01-01

This chapter will provide an overview on the manifold approaches to the visualization of landscapes. There are many techniques on the market nowadays, but we first start with a historical view on the development of the different presentation methods of landscape models. In the beginning, there have been historical maps, followed by physical 3D models of cities and landscapes and then entering the digital world of GIS-systems, integrating nadir viewing remote sensing data with equidistant topographical maps including contour lines and 2.5 dimensional shaded relief maps of Digital Terrain Models. The second paragraph is dedicated to recent hardware technology and image processing techniques of remote sensing data in order to derive height information of the landscape. Section 2.3 summarizes the Digital Landscape Models, the basic geodata infrastructure available through the German surveying agencies. These multiscale national topographical datasets lead to the harmonization within the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE). The last paragraph gives some examples of applications in geomorphology, landscape evolution models and animated maps as well as mixed reality, artificial intelligence and landscape architecture and planning. Finally, we not only try to provide a comprehensive overview of the published literature, we also give a comprehensive overview on the available techniques in Fig. 8, where we plotted the "amount of virtuality" against the user involvement. The digital visualization of landscapes as well as the spatial modelling of landscapes under predefined border conditions are a prerequisite for future sustainable decision making.
Tested Performance of JUNO 20” PMTs
2020-02-01

Abstract The physics goal of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is mainly to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy by precisely measuring the oscillation spectrum with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mi>%</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>E</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> energy resolution.Totally, about 20, 000 large area 20” tubes with high photon detection efficiency will be used to achieve this requirement, including 5,000 Hamamatsu dynode PMTs and 15,000 NNVT MCP PMTs. The JUNO collaboration has built two systems to check the performances of these tubes, which have been running since July 2017 and about 14000 tubes have been tested, so far. The key parameters compared with vendor data, including operating voltage, photon detection efficiency, dark count rate, rise time, fall time are presented. The selected PMTs meet all the requirements of the JUNO detector.
In vitro-Generation von Antikörpern mittels Phagen-Display
2020-05-01

Antibodies or immunoglobulins are of vital importance for the neutralization of foreign particles like pathogens in the body. As therapeutics, they provide a high potential for many diseases due to their high specificity. For their generation, the establishment of a library (immunized or synthetic) and a selection process for specific binders (display methods) play the pivotal role. Here, we describe the phage display technology and its advantages to get a specific and high affinity binder.
eXTP perspectives for the νMSM sterile neutrino dark matter model
2020-06-09

We discuss the potential of the eXTP X-ray telescope, in particular its\\nSpectroscopic Focusing Array (SFA), Large Area Detector (LAD) and Wide Field\\nMonitor (WFM) for the detection of a signal from keV-scale decaying dark\\nmatter. We show that the sensitivity of the eXTP is sufficient to improve\\nexisting constraints on the mixing angle of the neutrino Minimal extension of\\nthe Standard Model ( MSM) by a factor of 5-10 within the dark matter mass\\nrange 2-50 keV, assuming 1% level of systematic uncertainty. We assert that the\\neXTP will be able to probe previously inaccessible range of MSM parameters\\nand serve as a precursor for the Athena mission in decaying dark matter\\nsearches.\\n
Descending through a Crowded Valley - Benchmarking Deep Learning\\n Optimizers
2020-07-03

Choosing the optimizer is considered to be among the most crucial design\\ndecisions in deep learning, and it is not an easy one. The growing literature\\nnow lists hundreds of optimization methods. In the absence of clear theoretical\\nguidance and conclusive empirical evidence, the decision is often made based on\\nanecdotes. In this work, we aim to replace these anecdotes, if not with a\\nconclusive ranking, then at least with evidence-backed heuristics. To do so, we\\nperform an extensive, standardized benchmark of fifteen particularly popular\\ndeep learning optimizers while giving a concise overview of the wide range of\\npossible choices. Analyzing more than individual runs, we contribute\\nthe following three points: (i) Optimizer performance varies greatly across\\ntasks. (ii) We observe that evaluating multiple optimizers with default\\nparameters works approximately as well as tuning the hyperparameters of a\\nsingle, fixed optimizer. (iii) While we cannot discern an optimization method\\nclearly dominating across all tested tasks, we identify a significantly reduced\\nsubset of specific optimizers and parameter choices that generally lead to\\ncompetitive results in our experiments: Adam remains a strong contender, with\\nnewer methods failing to significantly and consistently outperform it. Our\\nopen-sourced results are available as challenging and well-tuned baselines for\\nmore meaningful evaluations of novel optimization methods without requiring any\\nfurther computational efforts.\\n
Intrinsic-Extrinsic Convolution and Pooling for Learning on 3D Protein\\n Structures
2020-07-13

Proteins perform a large variety of functions in living organisms, thus\\nplaying a key role in biology. As of now, available learning algorithms to\\nprocess protein data do not consider several particularities of such data\\nand/or do not scale well for large protein conformations. To fill this gap, we\\npropose two new learning operations enabling deep 3D analysis of large-scale\\nprotein data. First, we introduce a novel convolution operator which considers\\nboth, the intrinsic (invariant under protein folding) as well as extrinsic\\n(invariant under bonding) structure, by using -D convolutions defined on\\nboth the Euclidean distance, as well as multiple geodesic distances between\\natoms in a multi-graph. Second, we enable a multi-scale protein analysis by\\nintroducing hierarchical pooling operators, exploiting the fact that proteins\\nare a recombination of a finite set of amino acids, which can be pooled using\\nshared pooling matrices. Lastly, we evaluate the accuracy of our algorithms on\\nseveral large-scale data sets for common protein analysis tasks, where we\\noutperform state-of-the-art methods.\\n
Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in (1+1)-Dimensional Quantum Cellular Automata with Controllable Quantum Correlations
2020-09-03

Motivated by recent progress in the experimental development of quantum simulators based on Rydberg atoms, we introduce and investigate the dynamics of a class of (1+1)-dimensional quantum cellular automata. These nonequilibrium many-body models, which are quantum generalizations of the Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton, possess two key features: they display stationary behavior and nonequilibrium phase transitions despite being isolated systems. Moreover, they permit the controlled introduction of local quantum correlations, which allows for the impact of quantumness on the dynamics and phase transition to be assessed. We show that projected entangled pair state tensor networks permit a natural and efficient representation of the cellular automaton. Here, the degree of quantumness and complexity of the dynamics is reflected in the difficulty of contracting the tensor network.
Search for the η mesic He3 in the pd→dpπ0 reaction with the WASA-at-COSY facility
2020-10-20

The excitation function for the reaction has\\nbeen measured by WASA-at-COSY experiment with the aim of searching for\\n - mesic nuclei. The measurement in the\\nvicinity of meson production was performed using a ramped proton beam.\\nThe data analysis and interpretation was carried out with the assumption that\\nthe -mesic Helium decays via the formation of an intermediate\\nN (1535) resonance. No direct signal of the -mesic nucleus is\\nobserved in the excitation function. We determine a new improved upper limit\\nfor the total cross section for the bound state production and decay in the\\n - process. It varies between 13 nb to 24 nb for the bound state with\\nwidth in the range MeV.\\n
Black hole scalarization induced by the spin: 2+1 time evolution
2020-11-09

The scalarization is a very interesting phenomena allowing to endow a compact\\nobject with scalar hair while leaving all the predictions in the weak field\\nlimit unaltered. In Gauss-Bonnet gravity the source of the scalar field can be\\nthe curvature of the space-time. It was recently shown that for a particular\\ntype of coupling function between the scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet\\ninvariant, spin-induced black hole scalarization is possible. In the present\\npaper we study this phenomenon by performing a 2+1 time evolution of the\\nrelevant linearized scalar field perturbation equation and examine the region\\nwhere the Kerr black hole becomes unstable giving rise to new scalarized\\nrotating black holes. This is more direct numerical approach to study the\\ndevelopment of spin-induced scalarization and it can serve as an independent\\ncheck of the previous results.\\n
Visualizing hierarchies in scRNA-seq data using a density tree-biased\\n autoencoder
2021-02-11

Motivation: Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data makes studying the\\ndevelopment of cells possible at unparalleled resolution. Given that many\\ncellular differentiation processes are hierarchical, their scRNA-seq data is\\nexpected to be approximately tree-shaped in gene expression space. Inference\\nand representation of this tree-structure in two dimensions is highly desirable\\nfor biological interpretation and exploratory analysis.Results:Our two\\ncontributions are an approach for identifying a meaningful tree structure from\\nhigh-dimensional scRNA-seq data, and a visualization method respecting the\\ntree-structure. We extract the tree structure by means of a density based\\nminimum spanning tree on a vector quantization of the data and show that it\\ncaptures biological information well. We then introduce DTAE, a tree-biased\\nautoencoder that emphasizes the tree structure of the data in low dimensional\\nspace. We compare to other dimension reduction methods and demonstrate the\\nsuccess of our method both qualitatively and quantitatively on real and toy\\ndata.Availability: Our implementation relying on PyTorch and Higra is available\\nat https://github.com/hci-unihd/DTAE.\\n
Numerical approximation of the stochastic Cahn–Hilliard equation near the sharp interface limit
2021-02-17

Abstract We consider the stochastic Cahn–Hilliard equation with additive noise term <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mspace /> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ̇</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) that scales with the interfacial width parameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> </mml:math> . We verify strong error estimates for a gradient flow structure-inheriting time-implicit discretization, where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> only enters polynomially ; the proof is based on higher-moment estimates for iterates, and a (discrete) spectral estimate for its deterministic counterpart. For <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:math> sufficiently large, convergence in probability of iterates towards the deterministic Hele–Shaw/Mullins–Sekerka problem in the sharp-interface limit <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is shown. These convergence results are partly generalized to a fully discrete finite element based discretization. We complement the theoretical results by computational studies to provide practical evidence concerning the effect of noise (depending on its ’strength’ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) on the geometric evolution in the sharp-interface limit. For this purpose we compare the simulations with those from a fully discrete finite element numerical scheme for the (stochastic) Mullins–Sekerka problem. The computational results indicate that the limit for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is the deterministic problem, and for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> we obtain agreement with a (new) stochastic version of the Mullins–Sekerka problem.
Frobenius groups of low rank
2021-04-20

Abstract Let G be a finite Frobenius group of degree n . We show, by elementary means, that n is a power of some prime p provided the rank <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>rk</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Then the Frobenius kernel of G agrees with the (unique) Sylow p -subgroup of G . So our result implies the celebrated theorems of Frobenius and Thompson in a special situation.
Ten-Year Evaluation of the Population-Based Integrated Health Care System “Gesundes Kinzigtal”
2021-06-29

An evaluation based on 101 indicators derived from health-insurance data did not reveal any improvement of the quality of care by IVGK and the totality of the programs that were implemented under it. However, under the conditions of the shared-savings contract, no relevant diminution in the quality of care was observed over a period of 10 years either, compared with structurally similar control regions without an integrated care model.
Landschaften und Spiele
2022-01-01

Landscape can be divided (referring to the three worlds theory of Karl Popper) into three levels: As a part of a material world, which becomes landscape 1 through the fact that elements of this world are synthesized within the consciousness. Morevoer, this landscape within the consciousness receives input from the social patterns of interpretation, evaluation and categorization to landscape (landscape 3). 'Play' and 'game' also have the function of communicating the contents of landscape 3 to landscape 2, but 'game' also opens up the possibility of making and communicating contingent landscape experiences. The development of virtual as well as augmented worlds includes an extension of providing a contingent experience. However, especially the design of games in the virtual world restricts contingencies by resorting to social, cultural and landscape stereotypes, as the example of the computer game 'Civilization' illustrates. The paper shows potentials of an intensified scientific engagement with VR and AR for the in dividual and social construction of landscape.
Zur (Un)Hintergehbarkeit der Gegenwart
2022-01-01

For some decades now, a present-expansion in the lifeworld as well as in science has led to a present-over-expansion, which can go hand in hand with a subjectification and moral exaltation of, for example, radical individuality in the form of specific lifestyles or different ethnicities or group affiliations in the form of specific identity politics from the political right as well as the political left. This present-over-expansion also leads to forms of historical paternalism towards the past and the future, to utopian thinking about salvation and apocalyptic invocations of approaching doom, to moral self-exaltation and to variants of ethic moralism. The purpose of this article is to introduce and explain, from a philosophical perspective, some crucial concepts and theories that are useful for understanding and assessing the aforementioned development, not least with regard to a self-enlightenment of geographical practice with regard to this complex of issues.
Colonização no Brasil Central: a fronteira agrícola em Mato Grosso entre as décadas de 1950 a 1970
2022-01-01

"Este artigo se insere no debate sobre a história da expansão da fronteira agrícola no Brasil Central, propondo diálogo com diferentes temporalidades e modelos de ocupação. No entanto, os recortes temporal e espacial da pesquisa referem-se ao estudo dos processos de colonização pioneira no estado, com ênfase nas regiões do norte e do sudoeste de Mato Grosso entre os anos de 1950 a 1970. O estudo foi feito com base em fonte documental produzida durante pesquisa de campo dos geógrafos alemães Gerd Kohlhepp e Gottfried Pfeifer em 1965, e de Gerd Kohlhepp em 1973 e 1975, constituinte do arquivo particular de Kohlhepp. Este estudo permite também compreender os investimentos nacionais e estrangeiros que auxiliaram no começo da transformação dessa região em uma das áreas globais de maior produção agrícola, acompanhada de imenso desmatamento e danos ambientais."
Positivity for the clamped plate equation under high tension
2022-02-02

Abstract In this article, we consider positivity issues for the clamped plate equation with high tension <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . This equation is given by <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> under clamped boundary conditions. Here, we show that given a positive f , i.e. upwards pushing, we find a <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that for all <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> the bending u is indeed positive. This <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> only depends on the domain and the ratio of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mi>∞</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> norm of f . In contrast to a recent result by Cassani and Tarsia, our approach is valid in all dimensions.
Threshold resummation at NLL3 accuracy and approximate N3LO corrections to semi-inclusive DIS
2022-07-19

We advance the threshold resummation formalism for semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N LL) order, including the three-loop hard factor. We expand the results in the strong coupling to obtain approximate next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N LO) corrections for the SIDIS cross section. In Mellin moment space, these corrections include all terms that are logarithmically enhanced at threshold, or that are constant. We also consider a set of corrections that are suppressed near threshold. Our numerical estimates show modest changes of the cross section by the approximate N LO terms, suggesting a very good perturbative stability of the SIDIS process.
Asynchronism and nonequilibrium phase transitions in (1+1)-dimensional quantum cellular automata
2022-09-13

Probabilistic cellular automata provide a simple framework for exploring classical nonequilibrium processes. Recently, quantum cellular automata have been proposed that rely on the propagation of a one-dimensional quantum state along a fictitious discrete time dimension via the sequential application of quantum gates. The resulting (1+1)-dimensional space-time structure makes these automata special cases of recurrent quantum neural networks which can implement broad classes of classical nonequilibrium processes. Here, we present a general prescription by which these models can be extended into genuinely quantum nonequilibrium models via the systematic inclusion of asynchronism. This is illustrated for the classical contact process, where the resulting model is closely linked to the quantum contact process (QCP), developed in the framework of open quantum systems. Studying the mean-field behavior of the model, we find evidence of an "asynchronism transition," i.e., a sudden qualitative change in the phase transition behavior once a certain degree of asynchronicity is surpassed, a phenomenon we link to observations in the QCP.