julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Optical Sensors in Water Monitoring
2007-01-01

An upcoming problem in Europe is the protection of water resources and control of water quality. Coastal areas, rivers, ground water, wetlands, and especially drinking water require permanent monitoring to avoid pollution by small organic molecules or especially endocrine disrupting compounds. Biosensors have demonstrated the proof-of-principle of immu-nochemistry for these applications. It turns out that especially optical methods based on fluorescence detection can be successfully used for the development of fast, sensitive, cost-effective, and easy-to-use analytical systems meeting the requirements given by European Community Directives and national legislation. Results obtained with the RIANA and AWACSS systems are discussed here.
Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide complexes of DO3A-alkylphosphonates
2007-01-01

Eight DO3A-based lanthanide(III) complexes bearing ester protected and unprotected phosphonate groups at variable distances from the macrocyclic moiety have been synthesized and analyzed. The ligands were made by straightforward four-step synthetic procedures and purified with preparative RP-HPLC, after which they were used to prepare gadolinium(III) and europium(III) complexes. Relaxometric experiments were performed on the Gd(III) complexes at 300 MHz, varying the pH of the solutions or the concentration of human serum albumin (HSA). It was found that when the pH of the medium was changed from neutral to pH 4 the longitudinal relaxivity of GdDO3A-ethylphosphonate and GdDO3A-propylphosphonate complexes increased by 50% and 60%, respectively. Diethyl esters of these complexes did not change longitudinal relaxivity in the same pH range but their transverse relaxivity increased upon binding to HSA. 31P NMR experiments on Eu(III) complexes showed a change in the chemical shift of both acid complexes in the same region where the highest relaxivity changes were observed and proved the stability of the complexes in the investigated pH range, while no shift was observed for the diester complexes. Luminescence studies on europium(III) complexes additionally supported observations obtained by NMR methods. The change in the form of the luminescence emission spectra, and the reduction in the q value upon addition of HSA proved the ternary adduct formation between the charge neutral diester complexes and HSA. Similarly, the change in the emission spectra showing a phosphonate bound structure at pH 7 to a species where the phosphonate oxygen is not coordinated at pH 4 in parallel with the increase of q value is supporting the hypothesis that the deprotonation of phosphonates is the main reason for the distinct relaxivity change from slightly acidic to the neutral solution media.
Flow Cytometric Methods in the Detection of Neonatal Infection
2007-01-01

Bacterial infection remains the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. With clinical signs unspecific and little, its course is fulminant, and only early antibiotic therapy protects from death or major adverse sequelae. Methods: Conventional diagnostic tests have shortcomings and are only partly suitable to identify infected vs. non-infected newborns. There is a fast increasing demand for standardized flow cytometric techniques in the detection of neonatal infection which require minimal amounts of blood. Target cells are monocytes/ macrophages, granulocytes and NK cells. Results: The choice of receptors and interpretation of results need to be done carefully: A variety of receptors are expressed differently, basally or upon cytokine-mediated regulation, in full- or preterm neonates than in adults, and their expression is influenced by perinatal confounders. Examples are HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD16, CD32 receptors on monocytes/macrophages. Flow cytometric measurement of CD11b and CD64 expression on phagocytes combined with cytokine (IL-6 or IL-8) or C-reactive protein measurement in plasma or whole blood have turned out to be most sensitive and specific markers for detecting early- and late-onset bacterial infection. Conclusion: To date, no flow cytometric marker or set of markers is sensitive and specific enough to allow neonatologists to withhold antibiotic treatment of a sick neonate who is suspected to be infected.
Symptom-Oriented Follow-Up of Early Breast Cancer Is not Inferior to Conventional Control. Results of a Prospective Multicentre Study
2007-01-01

The results confirm that regular imaging and laboratory tests have no relevant effect on overall survival of patients after curative primary therapy of early breast cancer and support the implementation of a symptom-oriented routine follow-up.
α-Tubulin Minichromosome Promoters in the Stichotrichous Ciliate Stylonychia lemnae
2007-01-01

ABSTRACT Ciliated protists are model organisms for a number of molecular phenomena including telomerase function, self-splicing introns, and an RNA interference-related mechanism in programmed DNA elimination. Despite this relevance, our knowledge about promoters and transcriptional regulation in these organisms is very limited. The macronuclear genome of stichotrichous ciliates consists of minichromosomes which typically encode a single gene. The 5′ nontranscribed spacers are usually no longer than 400 bp and highly suitable for promoter characterizations. We used microinjection of two artificial and differently tagged α1 tubulin minichromosomes into the macronucleus of Stylonychia lemnae as a means to characterize in detail the corresponding promoter. Clonal cell lines that stably maintained both minichromosomes were generated, enabling comparative expression analysis by primer extension assays. Deletion and block substitution mutations of one of the minichromosomes revealed a TATA-like element, a putative initiator element, and two distinct upstream sequence elements (USEs). Determination of transcription initiation sites and a sequence alignment indicated that both TATA-like and initiator elements are conserved components of S. lemnae minichromosomes, whereas the USEs appear to be specific for the α1 tubulin minichromosome. The α2 tubulin minichromosome promoter is very short, comprising the two proximal elements but not the USEs. Despite the latter finding, up-regulation of α-tubulin expression in cells treated with concanavalin A activated the α2 but not the α1 tubulin promoter. These results therefore show that gene expression regulation in S. lemnae occurs at the level of transcription initiation on the basis of structurally different promoters.
Modelling Voiceless Speech Segments by Means of an Additive Procedure Based on the Computation of Formant Sinusoids
2007-01-01

A previously developed vowel synthesis algorithm implements formants as sinusoids, amplitude- and phase-modulated by the fundamental frequency (Hertrich and Ackermann, 1999, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 106, 2988-2990). The present study extends this approach to the modelling of the acoustic characteristics of aperiodic speech segments. To these ends, a voiceless signal component is generated by adding at each sample point a random parameter onto the formants &amp;apos; phase progression. Voiceless stop consonants then can be modelled, e.g., by combining a release burst, i.e., an interval in which the formant sinusoids abruptly increase and gradually decrease in amplitude, with formantshaped noise components, representing inter-articulator frication, aspiration, and breathy vowel onset. 1.
SELF-LEARNING PREDICTION SYSTEM FOR OPTIMISATION OF WORKLOAD MANAGEMENT IN A MAINFRAME OPERATING SYSTEM
2007-01-01

We present a framework for extraction and prediction of online workload data from a workload manager of a mainframe operating system. To boost overall system performance, the prediction will be incorporated into the workload manager to take preventive action before a bottleneck develops. Model and feature selection automatically create a prediction model based on given training data, thereby keeping the system flexible. We tailor data extraction, preprocessing and training to this specific task, keeping in mind the nonstationarity of business processes. Using error measures suited to our task, we show that our approach is promising. To conclude, we discuss our first results and give an outlook on future work.
Weak Stability for Orbits of C 0-semigroups on Banach Spaces
2007-01-01

A result of Huang and van Neerven [12] establishes weak individual stability for orbits of C 0-semigroups under boundedness assumptions on the local resolvent of the generator. We present an elementary proof for this using only the inverse Fourier-transform representation of the orbits of the semigroup in terms of the local resolvent.
Corporate Governance in a Viable Market for Secondary Listings
2007-01-01

The legal-bonding hypothesis explains international cross-listings with issuers’ desire to lower their cost of capital by submitting to superior corporate governance institutions. This paper argues that the existence of precisely metered bonding-premiums with regard to relatively similarly developed corporate governance and disclosure regimes is doubtful. Investors are willing to accept a band of alternative institutional arrangements without charging significantly higher risk-premiums. Yet, the recent success of the London Stock Exchange in attracting foreign issuers does not indicate that its legal regime falls within this band. Although the regulatory environment allows issuers to submit to comparably stringent standards of investor protection with regard to black letter law, significantly lower enforcement levels account for measurable differences in bonding premiums. Issuers seeking cross-listings in London pursue different goals compared to their counterparts that are attracted by New York’s exchanges. Hence, the City’s success represents evidence for an occurring separating equilibrium in the global market for international cross-listings. JEL classification: G15; G32; G38; K22
Managing Corporate Brands
2007-01-01

In competition for prestige it seems only sensible to try to perfect our image rather than ourselves.That seems the most economical, direct way to produce the desired result.Accustomed to live in a world of pseudo-events, celebrities, dissolving forms, and shadowy but overshadowing images, we mistake our shadows for ourselves.To us they seem more real than reality.Why should they not seem so to others?
The Welfare State and Pressures to Reform : A Literature Review
2007-01-01

The welfare state has been challenged with new social risks in a postindustrial era. The extent of such pressures are evident in child and elderly care, women’s employment, unemployment, trends to an aging population, and migration, among other pressures of change. This literature review illustrates the spectrum of such risks as well as the academic and political discussions, the way in which strategies of welfare state adaptation have been analyzed, as well as possible future directions of reform.
Synovial sarcoma of the left tonsil in a 31-year-old patient: report of a rare case
2007-01-01

AimsSynovial sarcoma (SS) is a mesenchymal spindle cell tumor with variable epithelial differentiation and a specific chromosomal translocation t(X;18)(p11;q11).Despite the name, SS is unrelated to synovium and may occur at any site of the body, mostly in the deep soft tissue of extremities.Around 5% arise in the head and neck region.Although the WHO textbook already describes the tonsils as an unusual site for the occurrence of SS, only two case reports could be found in the literature.Because of this rarity, we dare to present the following case.
Heterogeneous p27<sup>Kip1</sup> Expression within Primary Renal Cell Cancers, Their Invasive Margins and Peritumoral Renal Parenchyma Correlation with Pathological and Prognostic Features
2007-01-01

&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt; The expression of the negative cell cycle regulator p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; is frequently found to be deregulated in various human cancer types. Whether expression of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; can be used as prognostically relevant biological variables for renal cell cancer patients still remains to be clarified. Therefore, in the present investigation the expression within different tissue areas obtained from renal cell carcinomas was determined. &lt;i&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;/i&gt; For analysis of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; in 420 tumor nephrectomy specimens obtained from 420 consecutively included patients, tissue microarrays were used comprising of 1,260 tissue samples each obtained from the tumor itself, the invasive front as well as non-malignant surrounding parenchyma. A sufficient follow-up after surgical therapy was available in 251 cases. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; In univariate survival analysis, decreased expression of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; within tissue cores obtained from the invasion front was significantly correlated with the patients’ disease-specific long-term survival (p = 0.02, log-rank test). In contrast, expression of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; protein within the primary tumors was not identified to reveal any prognostically important information. In Cox regression analysis, histological stage and grade (p &lt; 0.01), the presence of regional lymph node (p &lt; 0.01) or distant metastases at the time of surgery (p &lt; 0.01) as well as decreased expression of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; (p = 0.04) within the invasion front tissue samples independently predicted the disease-specific long-term survival following surgery. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Our analysis demonstrated that p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; is heterogeneously expressed in renal cell carcinomas. Moreover, the result of the present study supports the prognostic value of p27&lt;sup&gt;Kip1&lt;/sup&gt; protein expression for patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma.
Knowledge acquisition and opinion formation at science museums
2007-01-01

This PhD project examines the potential of a discussion terminal to support deep elaboration of controversial information and formation of well-founded opinions at science museums. It is assumed that the salience of controversial information, the opportunity to express one's own opinion, and availability of social comparison information are crucial factors for both learning and opinion formation. A first data collection concerned the impact of active opinion expression and salience of arguments on elaboration processes and knowledge acquisition in a 2×2-design. Results are still outstanding. The second data collection phase will also consider the influence of social comparison information and asynchronous discussion at the discussion terminal.
Control-Flow Aware Communication and Conflict Analysis of Parallel Processes
2007-01-01

In this paper, we present an approach for control-flow aware communication and conflict analysis of systems of parallel communicating processes. This approach allows to determine the global timing behavior of such a system and to detect communication that might produce conflicts on shared communication resources. Furthermore, we show the incorporation of temporal environment models in order to analyze their influence on the system behavior. Based on the determined conflicts, an automated allocation and binding approach for shared resources to resolve potential access conflicts is proposed. All analysis steps can be performed starting with a TLM SystemC model of the entire system without any need for user interaction. Finally, a SystemC model of a Viterbi decoder is used as case study to demonstrate the capability of our approach.
Knowledge mirroring
2007-01-01

For collaborative learning to be effective learners need to construct adequate models of their partner. Partner modeling is often not accurate and is particularly impaired in computer-mediated scenarios. In this paper Knowledge Mirroring is discussed as a means of supporting collaboration by providing learners with information about their partner's knowledge. The effect of Knowledge Mirroring on the producer side of knowledge communication was studied in a first experiment. Contributions to computer-mediated knowledge communication were found to be adapted according to the information about the partner's knowledge. Subjects provided with Knowledge Mirroring performed better than participants of a control group in an inferential knowledge test. The conceptualization for a second experiment is presented that will study effects of Knowledge Mirroring on both producer and recipient side of knowledge communication.
Metal/SnO<inf>2</inf> interface effects on CO sensing; operando studies
2007-01-01

The influence of the electrode nature on the performance of semiconducting metal oxide based gas sensors is recognized and experimentally proven. Here, for the first time we are providing clear spectroscopic evidence (DRIFTS) for the influence of the electrode nature (Pt and Au) on the surface chemistry associated to CO detection with SnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> thick film sensors. Our results show that the nature and concentration of the CO reaction intermediates (carbonates and carboxylates) depend on the presence and nature of the electrodes; moreover, we found that the simple presence of the metals in the sensing layers does not have similar effects, which indicates that the electrodes' polarization is to be taken into account.
Discovery of fast variability of the TeV γ-ray flux from the giant radio galaxy M87 with H.E.S.S.
2007-01-01

The giant radio galaxy M 87 was observed at GeV/TeV γ‐ray energies with the H.E.S.S. (High Energy Stereoscopic System) Cherenkov telescopes in the years 2003–2006. The observations confirm M 87 as the first extragalactic TeV γ‐ray source not of the blazar type (first indications of a signal were reported by the HEGRA collaboration earlier). The TeV γ‐ray flux as measured with H.E.S.S. is variable on time‐scales of days which strongly constrains the size of the emission region, excluding several models. The H.E.S.S. results and theoretical interpretations are presented in this paper.
ARCHAEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF NEOLITHIC POTTERY AND COMPARISON TO POTENTIAL SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS IN THE IMMEDIATE ENVIRONMENT OF THE SETTLEMENTS - A FIRST SUMMARY OF THE MÖB-DAAD EXCHANGE PROGRAM
2007-01-01

The project we give an account about is the second archaeometrical research project between the Tubingen University and the Hungarian National Museum, with contributions from Institute for Geochemical Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Isotopes, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Geochemical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The first project (2001-2002), initiated by Judit Zoldfoldi, was centred on the study of Roman marble and yielded important data on decorative stones of the Roman empire within the Carpathian Basin (Zoldfoldi et al. 2004). The second project focussed on pottery, notably the earliest pottery production at various parts of Hungary. New excavation material from different geographical and geological environment was selected. Apart from pottery proper, we have investigated soil samples from the site environs and the closest likely sources of highquality potter's clay. In two field seasons, altogether 10 sites were sampled by shallow hand-drilled boreholes. The collected sediments as well as representative number of Early Neolithic, Middle Neolithic and Copper Age sherds were investigated by petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical methods. As a result, we could get an overview on the variety of earliest prehistoric pottery, regional differences and production techniques. We could compare ceramics, daub and local sediments and define different strategies of pottery production and give a reference library of data for further studies on pottery petrography. An overview of the project is presented here. KULCSSZAVAK: ARCHEOMETRIA, KERAMIA, NYERSANYAG, KORA NEOLITIKUM, MAGYARORSZAG
Characterization of Quaternary Gravel Aquifers and Their Implementation in Hydrogeological Models
2007-01-01

Aquifer analogues of Quaternary gravel deposits at two research sites in SW Germany were assembled. Detailed 2-D and 3-D sedimentological models were developed in the mesoscale (tens of metres) from sedimentological, hydrogeological, and geophysical surveys. Data from field investigations were integrated in facies models using ArcInfo GIS and GoCAD, respectively, delineating sedimentary structures and providing a database for hydraulic properties. A method was developed to convert these data into groundwater flow models using MODFLOW 2000 and related software. These were utilized to obtain bulk hydraulic flow and transport properties of the investigated sites.
A novel kernel-based method for local pattern extraction in random process signals
2007-01-01

Abstract. We consider a class of random process signals which contain randomly position local similarities representing the texture of an object. Those repetitive parts may occur in speech, musical pieces and sonar signals. We suggest a warped time resolved spectrum kernel for extracting the subsequence similarity in time series in general, and as an example in biosonar signals. Having a set of those kernels for similarity extraction in different size of subsequences, we propose a new method to find an optimal linear combination and selection of those kernels. We formulate the optimal kernel selection via maximizing the Kernel Fisher Discriminant criterion (KFD) and use Mesh Adaptive Direct Search method (MADS) to solve the optimization problem. Our method is used for biosonar landmark classification with promising results. 1
Consistently Adding Amalgamations to Preference Orders
2007-01-01

The use of user preferences for database retrieval promises a high degree of personalization by cooperatively combating the information flood. But most of the time preferences are only given for a subset of the available domain values and thus can still lead to unmanageable result sets especially in the presence of many attributes in a query. To limit such result sets preferences need to be completed interactively in tight cooperation with the user. In our framework the user is therefore enabled to specify additional preference information and also explicit equivalences between certain domain value combinations. However, whenever new information has to be integrated into the retrieval process the system has to make sure that the newly specified information is also consistent with what has been specified before. In this paper we study sufficient conditions for testing the consistency of new preference and equivalence information into a preference-based retrieval process. The benefits are that if the preference information fulfills a quite intuitive condition (which we call Cartesian) all new information can simple be added to the existing information without need for further consistency checks.
On the multiplication map of a multigraded algebra
2007-01-01

Given a multigraded algebra A, it is a natural question whether or not for two homogeneous components A u and A v , the product A nu A nv is the whole component A nu+nv for n big enough.We give combinatorial and geometric answers to this question.
Optimization of Area and Performance by Processor-Like Reconfiguration
2007-01-01

It is well known that the area efficiency of a digital circuit can be improved by reconfiguration due to the reuse of resources. In this paper, we show that this benefit can be achieved for a wide range of applications if the reconfiguration can take place within each clock cycle, and we quantify the benefit by area estimations from a synthesizable architecture model. Although reconfiguration typically involves a decrease of performance, we show how performance can actually be increased by redirecting communication through the time domain. This increase is quantified by estimations from a silicon-proven commercial architecture and its associated compiler.