julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Combined Treatment Effects after Embolization and Radiosurgery in High-Grade Arteriovenous Malformations
2000-01-01

In recent years the multimodal therapy concept has been established for high-grade intracerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). One strategy of a multimodal treatment approach for patients with AVM (Spetzler grade V) is reported. After endovascular embolization, the patient underwent radiosurgical treatment of the remaining nidus with a linear accelerator, after which he developed a left-sided hemiparesis in conjunction with severe edema. Angiographic control 44 months after radiation showed an occlusion of the radiosurgically treated nidus. The remaining nidus could be removed by microsurgery. The combination of embolization and radiosurgery may provoke prolonged edema and permanent neurological deficits due to inflammatory perivascular changes.
Synthesis, oxidation and protonation of octamethyl-1,1′-bipyrrole
2000-01-01

2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-Octamethyl-1,1′-bipyrrole 6 is obtained from 3,4-dimethylhexane-2,5-dione 4 and hydrazine. Treatment of 6 with [NO]BF4 gives the radical cation 11, while protonation at Cα occurs with HBF4 to yield the bipyrrolium salt 13. Oxidation with I2 results in a bipyrrolium iodide [6H+] I−3·1⁄2I2 (14). The X-ray structures of 6 and 14 are reported.
A second case of inv(4)pat with both recombinants in the offspring: rec dup(4q) in a girl with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and rec dup(4p)
2000-01-01

In a girl presenting with features of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic analysis revealed a rearranged chromosome 4 with monosomy of the distal bands 4pter→4p16.2 and trisomy of the distal bands 4q35.1→4qter [rec dup(4q)] due to a large, paternal pericentric inversion. In the following two pregnancies, prenatal diagnosis showed the same imbalance in one fetus and a reverse segmental imbalance [rec dup(4p)] in the other. We discuss the recombination risk of the given inversion with respect to the size of the inverted segment and the viability of the recombinants. The high frequency of recombinants in this family and others suggests a high recurrence risk in similar cases with large pericentric inversions comprising almost entire chromosomes.
Music medicine. A neurobiological approach.
2000-01-01

Music medicine is a relatively new medical specialty for most countries in the world and a rediscovery of a discipline for some countries in Europe. In the scope of music medicine are health problems of musicians like stage fright and psychic stress, pain syndromes and motor disturbances. Specific demands of musicianship like performing before the public, performing under the constant critical scrutiny of conductors, being expected to perform perfectly, and the physical demands of performing on a musical instrument were seen as the determinants of the complaints, and treatment does usually not differ between musicians and non-musicians with comparable diseases. In the present article, growing neurobiological evidence will be summarized showing that musicians differ from non-musicians on brain structure and function and on some hormonal and immunological parameters. Musicians tend to have atypical brain organization for verbal and non-verbal materials, their auditory system tracks sound levels more accurately, musicians attend pre-consciously to musical material and they react to music as if it is a stressor, i.e. with increased activity of the autonomic nervous system and with an increase in stress hormone production. A musician is more likely than a non-musician to be non-righthanded and to be vulnerable to atopic diseases. Testosterone levels are assumed to be lower (male) and higher (female) than controls. Melatonin was found to be elevated, and ACTH was related to musical talent. His/her brain reflects early music practice by enlarged structures, like the anterior part of the corpus callosum and the representation for piano tones and for the left thumb and little finger in string players. In addition, the left planum temporale was found to be larger in musicians with absolute pitch. These differences between musicians and non-musicians may have implications for music medicine in theory and practice, and further research should help to improve treatment of musicians.
Erich Fromm's Role in the Foundation of the IFPS: Evidence from the Erich Fromm Archives in T bingen
2000-01-01

First the role is discussed that Erich Fromm played in the foundation of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies (IFPS) according to the documents and correspondence kept in the Fromm Archives in Tübingen (Germany). In the second part the perhaps more interesting question is discussed of what personally motivated Fromm to initiate and to establish a federation of psychoanalytic societies outside of the International Psycho-Analytical Association (IPA). Although the reasons and motivations for Fromm's initiative are in the first line historical they nevertheless have some impact on the present. Therefore, in a final section, Fromm's understanding of psychoanalysis is discussed as a challenge for the IPA as well as for the IFPS.
Mantle expansion upon the conch in the Late Devonian ammonoid Erfoudites
2000-01-01

Specimens of the Late Devonian ammonoid species Erfoudites rugosus sp. nov. from the Rhenish Massif of Germany show an additional wrinkled structure that covers the body chamber ornament. The pattern closely resembles the dorsal wrinkle layer known from many ammonoids; the course of the wrinkles is radial, partially following the growth line course. This wrinkle structure is interpreted as resulting from a secretion of the mantle, which expanded ventrally or dorsally over the conch.
Modified heart-lung preparation for the evaluation of systolic and diastolic coronary flow in rats
2000-01-01

A modified heart-lung preparation of the rat, which permits measuring systolic and diastolic coronary flow separately and enables coronary compliance to be evaluated, is described. The systemic circulation was substituted by a shunt circuit, and the elastic properties of the arterial tree were mimicked by a rubber balloon. Systolic and diastolic coronary flow was evaluated from the pulmonary and aortic flow signal. Integrated phasic pulmonary flow represented right ventricular stroke volume. Integrated phasic systolic aortic flow represented left ventricular stroke volume minus that volume flowing into the coronary arteries during systole, because the aortic flow probe had to be inserted distal to the origin of the coronary vessels. Because right and left ventricular stroke volume was identical under steady-state conditions, the difference between systolic pulmonary and systolic aortic flow resulted in systolic coronary flow. Diastolic coronary flow was measured by means of the retrograde flow through the aortic flow probe. Coronary compliance was calculated according to Frank's windkessel model from coronary resistance and from central diastolic aortic pressure, which decayed exponentially after switching out the rubber balloon and the shunt circuit. It could be shown that the proportion of systolic to diastolic coronary flow depends on coronary compliance.
Investigations on skeletal growth zones via bone scans as base of determination of optimal time for surgery in mandibular asymmetry
2000-01-01

Summary Aim of the study was to find out wether there is a common stop of growth of mandibular bone, so that no individual determination of the optimal time for surgery in patients with asymmetric mandibular bone growth is needed. As there are no epiphyseal plates in the mandibular bone, stop of growth cannot be determined on X-ray films. Methods: Bone scans of 731 patients [687 patients (324 male, 363 female) under 39 y for exact determination of end of growth and 44 (21 male, 23 female) patients over 40 y for evaluation of nongrowth dependant differences in tracer uptake] were reviewed for the study. All the patients were examined 3 hours after injection of 99mTc-DPD. Tracer uptake was measured by region of interest technique in different points of the mandibular bone and in several epiphyseal plates of extremities. Results: Tracer uptake in different epiphyseal plates of the extremities shows strong variation with age and good correlation with reported data of bone growth and closure of the epiphyseal plates. The relative maximum of bone activity is smaller in mandibular bone than in epiphyseal plates, which show well defined peaks, ending at 15-18 years in females and at 18-21 years in males. In contrast, mandibular bone shows no well defined end of growing but a gradually reduction of bone activity which remains higher than bone activity in epiphyseal plates over several years. Conclusion: No well defined end of growth of mandibular bone exists. The optimal age for surgery of asymmetric mandibular bone growth is not before the middle of the third decade of life, bone scans performed earlier for determination of bone growth can be omitted. Bone scans performed at the middle of the third decade of life help to optimize the time of surgical intervention.
Rotational tunneling and quantum dynamics of methyl groups in supramolecular complexes
2000-01-01

Abstract High-resolution inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is a direct and sensitive method for studying the orientational freedom of molecular groups in the solid state [12]. A large number of systems have been investigated in which rotating molecules with indistinguishable atoms experience a relatively strong barrier to reorientation. The low temperature dynamics in these cases may be described in terms of librational excitations of single molecular group [3]. The tunneling motion between different equilibrium orientations raises the degeneracy of the torsional levels, producing a splitting which is very sensitive to the strength and shape of the rotational bamer, decreasing almost exponentially as the barrier height increases. For this reason, tunneling spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study even minor modifications in the structure of molecular crystals. If the mean-field single-particle approach is appropriate to describe the tunneling processes, the number of crystallographically inequivalent rotors contained in the system can be easily established and, at least for three dimensional rotors, information on local site symme tries can be obtained from the splitting of the rotational ground state.
Applying system combination to base noun phrase identification
2000-01-01

We use seven machine learning algorithms for one task: identifying base noun phrases. The results have been processed by different system combination methods and all of these outperformed the best individual result. We have applied the seven learners with the best combinator, a majority vote of the top five systems, to a standard data set and managed to improve the best published result for this data set.
A Putative Enolpyruvyl Transferase Gene Involved in Nikkomycin Biosynthesis.
2000-01-01

The nikO gene encoding a putative enolpyruvyl transferase has been identified within the Streptomyces tendae Tü901/8c nikkomycin gene cluster. nikO encodes a deduced protein of 471 amino acid residues which exhibits significant sequence similarity to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase and 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase from various origin. The nikO gene was inactivated by inserting a kanamycin resistance cassette; the mutant did not produce biologically active nikkomycins I, J, X, and Z nor the nucleoside moieties, nikkomycins C(x) and C(z), but accumulated the novel component RT 2.0. RT 2.0 has been isolated from culture filtrate and its structure was determined by using mass spectrometry and NMR analyses as ribofuranosyl-4-formyl-4-imidazolone which represents a novel nucleoside. The putative activity of the nikO gene product in nikkomycin biosynthesis will be discussed.
Neuroimaging of chronic pain: phantom limb and musculoskeletal pain
2000-01-01

New developments in brain imaging lead to a better understanding of cortical and subcortical processes involved in pain perception and the establishment of chronic pain. For different forms of chronic pain long-term changes in cortical structures have been described. In patients with phantom limb pain and back pain alterations in the somatotopic organization of the primary somatosensory (SI) could be observed. The amount of this reorganization is correlated with the subjective pain rating. These changes, which are based on processes of neuronal plasticity, can partially be reversed by analgesic interventions. For the investigation of cortical processes concerning reorganization, EEG and MEG methods are most suitable because of their high temporal and spatial resolution. In conclusion, these findings open a new way for therapeutic interventions to prevent the development of chronic pain.
Flow cytometric analysis of peptide binding to major histocampatibility complex class I for hepatitis C virus core T-cell epitopes
2000-01-01

Peptide binding to different MHC class I alleles can be mapped rapidly by a flow cytometric assay and enables a first orientation on the sites of possible T-cell epitopes. Application of this assay to HCV core suggests a rather limited repertoire of epitopes in the Caucasoid population.
Synthesis of Hexacyanotriphenylene and Hexacyanotribenzylene
2000-01-01

The synthesis of hexacyanotriphenylene (1) and hexacyanotribenzylene (2) with triangular geometry is described. The new hexanitriles are considered to be precursors for oligomeric, polymeric or spherical phthalocyanine systems.
Magnetic monopoles, center vortices, confinement and topology of gauge fields
2000-01-01

The vortex picture of confinement is studied. The deconfinement phase transition is explained as a transition from a phase in which vortices percolate to a phase of small vortices. Lattice results are presented in support of this scenario. Furthermore the topological properties of magnetic monopoles and center vortices arising, respectively, in Abelian and center gauges are studied in continuum Yang-Mills-theory. For this purpose the continuum analog of the maximum center gauge is constructed.
Tyrosine Kinases Open Lymphocyte Chloride Channels
2000-01-01

Osmotic swelling of lymphocytes opens outwardly rectifying Cl(-) channels (ORCC) through the src-like kinase p56(lck). The central role of this tyrosine protein kinase has been shown by genetic and pharmacologic manipulation of the enzyme. Furthermore, p56(lck) activates ORCC independently of cell volume increase. ORCC in lymphocytes and epithelial cells from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are resistant to activation by cAMP. However, osmotic swelling as well as intracellular purified p56(lck) can activate ORCC in CF lymphocytes. In non-CF lymphocytes ORCC is opened by either, intracellular cAMP, p56(lck) or by osmotic swelling. Osmotic activation of ORCC can be blocked by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lavendustin in both cell types. Regulation of ORCC by p56(lck) thus represents an alternative pathway of stimulating membrane chloride conductance that is left functional in cystic fibrosis. In addition to osmoregulation these mechanisms could play a major role when cells actively change their volume, i.e. during proliferation and apoptosis. Activation of the tyrosine kinase p56(lck) is an important regulatory step for opening of chloride channels in lymphocytes.
Plasma Membrane Plasticity of Xenopus laevis Oocyte Imaged with Atomic Force Microscopy
2000-01-01

Proteins are known to form functional clusters in plasma membranes. In order to identify individual proteins within clusters we developed a method to visualize by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the cytoplasmic surface of native plasma membrane, excised from Xenopus laevis oocyte and spread on poly-L-lysine coated glass. After removal of the vitelline membrane intact oocytes were brought in contact with coated glass and then rolled off. Inside-out oriented plasma membrane patches left at the glass surface were first identified with the lipid fluorescent marker FM1-43 and then scanned by AFM. Membrane patches exhibiting the typical phospholipid bilayer height of 5 nm showed multiple proteins, protruding from the inner surface of the membrane, with heights of 5 to 20 nm. Modelling plasma membrane proteins as spherical structures embedded in the lipid bilayer and protruding into the cytoplasm allowed an estimation of the respective molecular masses. Proteins ranged from 35 to 2,000 kDa with a peak value of 280 kDa. The most frequently found membrane protein structure (40/microm2) had a total height of 10 nm and an estimated molecular mass of 280 kDa. Membrane proteins were found firmly attached to the poly-L-lysine coated glass surface while the lipid bilayer was found highly mobile. We detected protein structures with distinguishable subunits of still unknown identity. Since X. laevis oocyte is a generally accepted expression system for foreign proteins, this method could turn out to be useful to structurally identify specific proteins in their native environment at the molecular level.
Endothelial Function, Variables of Fibrinolysis and Coagulation in Smokers and Healthy Controls
2000-01-01

&lt;i&gt;Objective: &lt;/i&gt;To asses endothelial function and variables of fibrinolysis and coagulation in smokers compared to healthy controls. &lt;i&gt;Methods: &lt;/i&gt;Flow-associated dilation as a marker for peripheral endothelial function and intima media thickness as a marker for early morphologic vascular changes were measured in otherwise healthy smokers (n = 30, 16 males and 14 females, age: 40.6 ± 11.3 years, body mass index 24.9 ± 3.7 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) and non-smoking controls matched for age and sex using high-resolution ultrasound. Variables of the coagulation system (thrombin-antithrombin III complex, fibrinogen) and fibrinolysis (tissue-plasminogen activator, plasmin-α&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-antiplasmin complex) were determined by ELISA and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity by means of a chromogenic substrate test. &lt;i&gt;Results: &lt;/i&gt;Compared to the non-smoking controls, flow-associated vasodilatation was significantly reduced (6.9 ± 4.4 vs. 10.5 ± 6.2%, p = 0.01) and intima media thickness tended to be increased (0.58 ± 0.12 vs. 0.52 ± 0.14 mm, p = 0.08) in smokers. The thrombin-antithrombin III complex, fibrinogen, plasmin-α&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-antiplasmin complex, tissue-plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity did not differ between smokers and controls. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/i&gt;Our data indicate that peripheral endothelial dysfunction is common in smokers even without major alterations in molecular markers of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system.
HSV-1 infected cell proteins influence tetracycline-regulated transgene expression
2000-01-01

These results indicate that proteins encoded in the HSV-1 genome, especially the transactivating immediate early gene products (ICP4, ICP27 and ICP0) and the VP16 tegument protein can activate the tetO/ minimal CMV promoter and thereby interfere with the integrity of tetracycline-regulated transgene expression.
Preparation of highly ordered quinquethiophene thin films on TiO2 substrates
2000-01-01

To understand the intrinsic electrical properties of conjugated polymers in general and of oligothiophenes in particular, ultra-pure and highly ordered thin films or single crystals are required. In this context, studies on thin films of quinquethiophene (α5T) prepared by evaporation in UHV were performed. As substrates insulating and conducting oxides such as different single crystal surfaces of TiO2 were chosen. The latter are particularly interesting because TiO2 can be doped to be n-conducting. These substrates may therefore be used for hybrid inorganic–organic thin film pn-diodes. Here, we report on SFM-measurements under ambient conditions, which show that the deposition of α5T from a Knudsen cell under UHV conditions leads to cluster growth on TiO2(011) and to ordered layers on undoped TiO2(001). On doped TiO2(001) the growth mode is largely influenced by the surface roughness, i.e. the presence of pinning centers. It could be shown that the α5T molecules on TiO2(001) are oriented with their long axis mainly perpendicular to the substrate plane and form two complete monolayers (Frank–Van der Merwe growth mode) before the growth mode changes to a simultaneous multilayer growth, in line with earlier experiments using other oxidic substrates.
An immunochemical approach for the determination of trace amounts of enantiomeric impurities
2000-01-01

The application of stereoselective antibodies in an enzyme immunoassay enables the quantitative determination of enantiomeric impurities beyond the outer limits of currently available methods; thus, using an antibody raised against a derivative of D-phenylalanine, the D-enantiomer of the free amino acid can be detected in a 100000 fold excess of the L-enantiomer (ee 99.998%).
Chart parsing and constraint programming
2000-01-01

In this paper, parsing-as-deduction and constraint programming are brought together to outline a procedure for the specification of constraint-based chart parsers. Following the proposal in Shieber et al. (1995), we show how to directly realize the inference rules for deductive parsers as Constraint Handling Rules (Frühwirth, 1998) by viewing the items of a chart parser as constraints and the constraint base as a chart. This allows the direct use of constraint resolution to parse sentences.
Application of on-line C30 RP-HPLC-NMR for the analysis of flavonoids from leaf extract of Maytenus aquifolium
2000-01-01

The application of on-line C30-reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography–nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is described for the analysis of tetraglycosylated flavonoids in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves of Maytenus aquifolium (Celastraceae). Triacontyl stationary phases showed adequate separation for on-line 1H-NMR measurements at 600 MHz and allowed the characterisation of these flavonoids by detection of both aromatic and anomeric proton signals. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Java based object oriented hardware specification and synthesis
2000-01-01

Article Free Access Share on Java based object oriented hardware specification and synthesis Authors: Tommy Kuhn Computer Engineering, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany Computer Engineering, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyView Profile , Wolfgang Rosenstiel Computer Engineering, University of Tübingen and FZI, 72076 Tübingen, Germany Computer Engineering, University of Tübingen and FZI, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ASP-DAC '00: Proceedings of the 2000 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation ConferenceJanuary 2000 Pages 579–582https://doi.org/10.1145/368434.368809Online:28 January 2000Publication History 5citation172DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads172Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Linearized stability for semilinear non-autonomous evolution equations with applications to retarded differential equations
2000-01-01

We consider the semilinear non-autonomous evolution equation , where is a Hille-Yosida operator on a Banach space and is a continuous function on with values in the extrapolated Favard class corresponding to . In our main results we present principles of linearized stability and instability for a solution of such an equation. Our approach is based on the theory of extrapolation spaces. We apply the results to non-autonomous semilinear retarded differential equations.