julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Separation of Enantiomers of Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis with Permethyl-gamma-Cyclodextrin as Chiral Solvating Agent
2000-06-01

High-throughput screening is a promising new approach in analytical chemistry. Within the framework of an extended screening program (The German-Chinese Drug Screening Program), the enantioseparation of 86 drugs was investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis in the presence of the chiral solvating agent (CSA) octakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-γ-cyclodextrin (TM-γ-CD). By this means, 15 drugs could be separated into enantiomeric pairs. Approximate measures for the degree of interaction (migration retardation factor, Rm) and for the degree of enantiomer recognition (migration separation factors, αm) revealed intriguing patterns that were compared with those found for native γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD). Although there is a distinct influence of the analyte structure on the electrophoretic data, interpretation remains difficult. Most remarkably, permethylation of γ-CD leads neither to a higher affinity nor to better chiral recognition, in contrast to the findings with α-CD.
The Frontal Lobe Score: part II: evaluation of its clinical validity
2000-06-01

Objective: To evaluate the ability of the Frontal Lobe Score (FLS) to differentiate patients with frontal lobe lesions from those with nonfrontal lesions and normal controls. Design: In a prospective, blind setup, the sensitivity and specificity of the Frontal Lobe Score was compared with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Stroop Test. Patients: A sample of 108 subjects (26 patients with cerebral lesions confined to the frontal lobes, 28 patients with cerebral lesions without involvement of the frontal lobes, 31 patients with mixed frontal/nonfrontal lesions, 23 controls without cerebral lesions) was examined. Measures: Frontal Lobe Score, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Test. Results: The Frontal Lobe Score detected pure frontal lesions with a sensitivity of 92.3%. It discriminated patients with frontal lesions from normal controls with a specificity of 100%; differentiation from patients with nonfrontal lesions was obtained with a specificity of 75.0%. For the WCST, sensitivity for detection of pure frontal lesions was 65.4%, while specificity was 60.9% compared with normal controls and 53.6% compared with nonfrontal lesions. The Stroop Test showed a sensitivity of 30.8%, a specificity compared with normal controls of 95.7% and compared with nonfrontal lesions of 92.9%. Conclusion: The Frontal Lobe Score has clinical usefulness for screening of effects of frontal lobe damage superior to that of the WCST and the Stroop Test.
Contracting spacelike hypersurfaces by their inverse mean curvature
2000-06-01

Abstract In this work we study the behaviour of compact, smooth, orientable, spacelike hypersurfaces without boundary, which are immersed in cosmological spacetimes and move under the inverse mean curvature flow. We prove longtime existence and regularity of a solution to the corresponding nonlinear parabolic system of partial differential equations.
A 60 Minute Hyperglycemic Clamp is Sufficient to Assess Both Phases of Insulin Secretion
2000-06-01

The hyperglycemic clamp is considered to be the gold standard for determining both first and second phase insulin secretion. In order to achieve a reasonable insulin plateau for the second phase, it has become common practice to clamp for 120 or even 180 minutes at 10 mM. It is unknown whether earlier insulin determinations would be sufficient to predict second phase insulin secretion. We therefore reviewed the hyperglycemic clamp data of 58 subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance to assess whether one or more insulin concentrations determined at earlier time points of the clamp could predict second phase insulin secretion (insulin and C-peptide concentration at 120 minutes). The correlation coefficients between second-phase insulin secretion and plasma insulin or C-peptide at 60 min were 0.95 and 0.96, respectively (both p<0.00005). Averaging plasma insulin or C-peptide over 2 or more adjacent time points did not improve the correlation. In conclusion, a one-hour hyperglycemic clamp can provide the standard measurement of first phase insulin secretion plus a good approximation of second phase insulin secretion.
Effect of topical application of Hypericum perforatum extract (St. John's wort) on skin sensitivity to solar simulated radiation
2000-06-01

St. John's wort ( Hypericum perforatum ) is a tradional folk remedy that is used for the topical treatment of superficial wounds, scars and burns. A characteristic metabolite of St. John's wort is the photodynamic active plant pigment hypericin. It is known that hypericin may cause a severe photodermatitis called hypericism when higher amounts of St. John's wort are ingested orally. To date, no reports on the photosensitizing capacity of topical application of St. John's wort are available. Here, we investigated the effects of Hypericum oil (hypericin 110 μg/mL) and Hypericum ointment (hypericin 30 μg/mL) on skin sensitivity to solar simulated radiation. Sixteen volunteers of the skin types II and III were tested on their volar forearms with solar simulated radiation for photosensitizing effects of Hypericum oil ( n =8) and Hypericum ointment ( n =8). The minimal erythema dose (MED) was determined by visual assessment, and skin erythema was evaluated photometrically. With the visual erythema score, no change of the MED could be detected after application of either Hypericum oil or Hypericum ointment ( P &gt;0.05). With the more sensitive photometric measurement, an increase of the erythema‐index after treatment with the Hypericum oil could be detected ( P ≤0.01). The results do not provide evidence for a severe phototoxic potential of Hypericum oil and Hypericum ointment, detectable by the clinically relevant visual erythema score. However, the trend towards increased photosensitivity detected with the more sensitive photometric measurement could become relevant in fair‐skinned individuals, in diseased skin or after extended solar irradiation.
Phosphocholine-containing, zwitterionic glycosphingolipids of adult Onchocerca volvulus as highly conserved antigenic structures of parasitic nematodes
2000-06-01

Human Onchocerca volvulus infection sera were found to recognize zwitterionic glycolipids of O. volvulus and to cross-react with those of other parasitic nematodes (Ascaris suum, Setaria digitata and Litomosoides sigmodontis). By the use of an epitope-specific monoclonal antibody, zwitterionic glycolipids of all these nematode species were observed to contain the antigenic determinant phosphocholine. A hyperimmune serum specific for arthro-series glycolipid structures reacted with the various neutral glycolipids of all these nematodes, which demonstrated that their oligosaccharide moieties belonged to the arthro-series of protostomial glycolipids. These results indicated that arthro-series glycosphingolipids carrying, in part, phosphocholine substituents, represent highly conserved, antigenic glycolipid markers of parasitic nematodes. Three glycolipid components of the O. volvulus zwitterionic fraction were structurally characterized by matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS, methylation analysis and exoglycosidase treatment. Their chemical structures were elucidated to be phosphocholine-6GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide, GalNAc(β1-4)[phosphocholine-6]GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide and Gal(α1-3)GalNAc(β1-4)[phosphocholine-6]GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide for the zwitterionic ceramide tri-, tetra- and penta-hexosides respectively. The ceramide composition was found to be dominated by 2-hydroxylated docosanoic (C22h:0), tricosanoic (C23h:0) and tetracosanoic (C24h:0) acids, and C17 sphingosine (Cd17:1) (where h is hydroxylated and d is dihydroxylated).
Effects of valsartan and 17β-estradiol on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in vitro
2000-06-01

There has been demonstrated an antioxidative effect of valsartan that was additive to that of 17 beta-estradiol. Thus this combination has the potential to be useful in the treatment of postmenopausal women with hypertension.
An example of immunodominance: engagement of synonymous TCR by invariant CDR3β
2000-06-01

The structural basis of the T cell response against immunodominant tetanus toxin (TT)-derived peptides was investigated using TT-specific T cell clones raised from a DRB1*0301 homozygous donor. Three peptides forming T cell epitopes were identified, including one, TT(1272-1284), that stimulated four different TT-specific T cell clones. TCR sequence analysis revealed that these synonymous TCR shared only arginine at the third position of the CDR3 beta loop. This prominent residue may form a salt bridge with a corresponding aspartate at the relative position 8 (P8) of the antigenic peptide TT(1272-1284) as suggested from amino acid replacement analysis. A similar scenario was observed for a second TT epitope, TT(279-296), and its corresponding TCR. These examples show that immunodominance may result from a single strong amino acid interaction between TCR CDR3 beta loops here in contact with the C-terminus of the antigenic peptide. Such a dominant interaction could compensate for weaker contacts between other residues of the TCR and the antigenic peptide, and would allow the recognition of a single peptide-MHC complex by a broader synonymous TCR repertoire and could thus contribute to its immunodominance.
Effect of oral contraceptives on the urinary excretion of biochemical markers indicating vasoactive action
2000-06-01

These results indicate that contraceptive pills may stimulate the production of vasodilative markers, an effect which can be attributed most likely to the oestrogenic component of the pill. The progestogenic component of the pill may elicit an impact on this oestrogen-induced vasodilation, which, however, seems to be minimized in the case of the new compound dienogest, a C-19 progestin with antiandrogenic properties.
Cytokinesis: The Art of Partitioning
2000-06-01

In higher plants, cytokinesis partitions the cytoplasm of a dividing cell by forming a new cell wall between the two sets of daughter chromosomes. Although conceptually simple, this process involves a sequence of well-orchestrated events, starting with the determination of the division plane before
Endotoxemia in organ donors: graft function following liver transplantation
2000-06-01

Abstract Translocation of endotoxin (LPS) to the portal-venous system is produced by multiple factors. In the case of normal liver function, LPS is rapidly cleared from the portal blood by Kupffer cells; in impaired liver function, LPS can reach the systemic circulation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether elevated donor endotoxin levels affect graft function in the recipient. LPS levels in donor plasma were measured in 14 consecutive liver transplantations. Grafts with donor LPS levels ≤ 12 pg/ml had a function probability of 100% after 600 days (n = 10). LPS concentrations of > 12 pg/ml in donor plasma led to loss of function in 75% of the liver grafts (n = 4; P = 0.003; Wilcoxon). Elevated LPS values in donor plasma seem to impair the prognosis of the grafts and could predict poor graft function as early as at the time of brain death.
The relative risk of second nongerminal malignancies in patients with extragonadal germ cell tumors
2000-06-01

BACKGROUND Apart from a recognized association between extragonadal mediastinal germ cell tumors (GCT) and the occurrence of hematologic malignancies, the risk of developing second nongerminal solid tumors after the diagnosis or treatment of extragonadal GCT is unknown. METHODS Six hundred thirty-five consecutive patients with extragonadal GCT treated at 11 centers in the U.S. and Europe during the era of cisplatin-based chemotherapy (1975–1996) were included into a large database. These patients were evaluated for the occurrence of second malignancies. RESULTS No treatment-related leukemia was observed in 611 patients treated with chemotherapy. In 7 patients, second solid tumors were observed, resulting in a frequency of 1.86% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.79–1.93%) after a median follow-up of 55 months (95% CI, 50–60 months) (annual incidence, 0.30% [95% CI, 0.14–0.59]). Four solid tumors (57%) developed in patients with primary mediastinal and 3 tumors (43%) developed in patients with retroperitoneal GCT. Three patients (43%) had a nonseminomatous and 4 patients (57%) had a seminomatous histology. Six patients had been treated with chemotherapy and one patient with radiotherapy. Six of 7 solid tumors (86%) had developed within 5 years and 7 of 7 solid tumors within 10 years of diagnosis. The median time period to the occurrence of neoplasia was 47 months (range, 9–145 months). Four cutaneous tumors were observed (melanoma, two patients; basal cell carcinoma, one patient; and squamous cell carcinoma, one patient); the other three tumors were angiosarcoma, nonsmall cell lung carcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma. The overall risk for developing a second tumor was not increased compared with an age-matched general population with a standard incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.49 (95% CI, 0.60–3.06). An elevated risk for skin tumors was observed in all extragonadal GCT patients (SIR, 4.00 [95% CI, 1.09–10.24]), as well as in the subgroup of patients treated with chemotherapy (SIR, 5.33 [95% CI, 1.45–13.65]). CONCLUSIONS This analysis excludes an increased biologic risk of developing second solid malignancies in patients with extragonadal GCT except for the previously reported association between primary mediastinal nonseminoma and hematologic disorders. The overall risk of developing second malignancies in extragonadal GCT patients appears to be comparable to that in patients with primary testicular carcinoma. The incremental occurrence of skin malignancies in patients treated with chemotherapy should be investigated further. Cancer 2000;88:2629–35. © 2000 American Cancer Society.
The quality of a liver graft
2000-06-01

Abstract Because transplantation success is influenced by the quality of the graft, the objective of this study was to find parameters to evaluate transplant livers in the recipient centre. In 64 liver grafts, the venous effluates of a portal back-table flush were investigated for various parameters. Amongst them, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and the leucocyte count were found superior in predicting graft survival. Using the combination of these parameters, 100-day graft survival of between 95% (all parameters positive) and 0% (all parameters negative) was predicted. We concluded that good liver grafts are characterized by a low width of injury (cytosolic component: GST), a low depth of injury (mitochondrial component: GLDH), as well as by a potential to induce tolerance (passenger leucocytes). Perfusate analysis seems to be a valuable tool to recognize problematic grafts in advance and to quantify the "graft factor" in considerations concerning quality control.
RANTES in the postoperative course after liver transplantation
2000-06-01

Abstract RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted), an inflammatory cytokine, promotes accumulation and activation of leukocytes. In 67 liver transplantations, systemic concentrations of RANTES were correlated to graft survival and incidence of rejection. RANTES levels either increased to highly elevated levels at day 14 (84 ± 64 ng/ml; group 1; n = 43) or remained within the limit of healthy controls (19 ± 11 ng/ml at day 14; group 2; n = 24). The 100-day graft function rate was 0.91 in group 1 and 0.63 in group 2 (P = 0.002). The risk ratio for rejection during the first 100 days was increased 2.2-fold in group 2 compared to group 1 (P = 0.02). High postoperative release of RANTES after liver transplantation, a beneficial factor, may reflect a general systemic immunological activation. It can be concluded that high early systemic RANTES levels may play a role in immunological recognition leading to a tolerance of the liver graft.
[Is presentation of symptoms enough for detection of an illness? On the correlation between symptoms, findings, diagnosis and disability].
2000-06-01

In 1999, the IV. civil division of the German Federal Supreme Court has issued a verdict which states that for some diseases the medical proof of a disease may be established solely on grounds of the individual complaints supporting the respective diagnosis. In the eyes of the psychiatrist, this statement is wrong and results from a confusion of diagnosis and disease. It also reveals a curious misconception of how psychiatric diagnoses, as instances of non-physical disorders, are established. Responsible for the confusion are the modern diagnostic manuals, which are misunderstood and thus misused as containing a list of diseases. However, the diagnostic manuals only intend to classify characteristic complexes of complaints and signs, without establishing them as diseases. The present paper explores the relationship between diagnosis and disease and explains how psychiatric diagnoses are made.
Neutrino masses originating from SUSY R-parity-violating terms with U(1) flavor symmetry
2000-06-01

We discuss results on neutrino mixing in a three family scenario. We use the MSSM for the theoretical description of the neutrino masses. We show that one has to include the tree-level and the one-loop as well as the one-loop contribution to the neutrino mass matrix to get three massive neutrinos. By introducing an additional U(1) flavor symmetry which has been successful in explaining the mass hierarchy of quarks and leptons, we are able to correlate many parameters of our model. Confronting the experimental and theoretical results for the neutrino mass matrices, we find a unique scenario for the neutrino masses and the couplings relevant for the neutrino mixing.
GLUTAMATE IN LOWER BASAL GANGLIA NUCLEI AS THE CRITICAL FACTOR IN PSYCHOMOTOR STIMULATION
2000-06-01

s: Abstract of a Workshop on Schizophrenia, a joint meeting of the European Behavioural Pharmacological Society and the Dutch Interdisciplinary Socity for Biological Psychiatry, Amsterdam, 21–24 June 2000
The role of sucrose transporters in assimilate partitioning and phloem function
2000-06-01

Conference Abstract| June 01 2000 The role of sucrose transporters in assimilate partitioning and phloem function J. M. Ward J. M. Ward 1Plant Physiology, ZMBP, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (3): A57. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a057b Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. M. Ward; The role of sucrose transporters in assimilate partitioning and phloem function. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 2000; 28 (3): A57. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a057b Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Influence of perioperative sHLA I concentrations on the histological development of the liver graft
2000-06-01

Abstract Soluble HLA I (sHLA I) in human serum are ascribed an immunoregulatory role in the context of organ transplantation. Based on histological findings, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the protective influence of sHLA I in liver transplantation from the time point of reperfusion. The sHLA I concentrations in serum samples derived from the liver vein immediately after reperfusion (flush catheter) of 38 patients with liver transplantations were determined by ELISA. The postoperative histological findings of the transplant biopsies were categorized according to rejection, endothelialitis, cholestasis, and necrosis, as well as fatty degeneration. An evaluation according to Kaplan-Meier showed a lower incidence for all of these factors in liver grafts with high sHLA concentrations (P < 0.05). We conclude that low sHLA I concentrations during reperfusion correlate with later complications, thus indicating that sHLA I may have protective potential in liver transplantation.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Approaches to Molecular Receptors for Chemosensorics
2000-06-06

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polyelectrolyte gels in electric fields: a theoretical and experimental approach
2000-06-07

In order to gain more insight into basic principles of the nature of polymer hydrogels which are able to execute work by large deformations in electric fields, this study is mainly focused on those gels with a polyacrylamide backbone being very suitable for considerably varying their physicochemical properties simply by specific copolymerization. In the experimental part, the Donnan potential has been registered for the first time in PAAm/PAA gels in varying electric fields and different chemical environments with a new microelectrode technique. The mechanical properties of the gels have been characterized by measurements of swelling ratio, elastic modulus and being in dynamics under various stimuli. In the theoretical part, a model based both on this theory and the measured mechanical parameters, the bending dynamics of a polyelectrolyte gel in an electric field can be evaluated. Numerical simulations employing finite element discretization demonstrate the potential and the validity of the model. A promising correlation between theory and experiment could be shown.
N‐cadherin mediates pericytic‐endothelial interaction during brain angiogenesis in the chicken
2000-06-12

Recruitment and adhesion of pericytes to endothelial cells represents a critical step in angiogenesis. We previously demonstrated the expression of neural (N)-cadherin at contact zones between pericytes and endothelial cells in embryonic chicken brain. To elucidate N-cadherin function in early angionenesis, we injected functionally blocking antibodies on embryonic days 4 and 5 into the tectal ventricle of chicken embryos. Brains were morphologically and immunocytochemically investigated on embryonic day 6. Blocking N-cadherin function resulted in defective pericyte adhesion, increased pericyte recruitment and disturbed vascular morphogenesis. Increased pericyte recruitment did not involve elevated pericytic proliferation. Concomitant disruption of ependymal adherens junctions and of endothelial-pericytic adhesion resulted in massive hemorrhaging in the basal forebrain, in misdirected endothelial sprouting, and ectopic vascularization. Morphological investigation of control embryos on embryonic days 4 and 5 indicated the initial involvement of pericytes in stabilization of angiogenic capillary sprouts. Together these results suggest that N-cadherin mediates adhesion, recognition, and signaling between pericytes and endothelial cells required for normal vascular morphogenesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of ATi[Nb6Cl18] Compounds. (A: K, Rb, Cs, In, Tl).
2000-06-13

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.