julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
SNF1-RELATED KINASE 1 and TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN control light-responsive splicing events and developmental characteristics in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings
2023-06-20

Abstract The kinases SNF1-RELATED KINASE 1 (SnRK1) and TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) are central sensors of the energy status, linking this information via diverse regulatory mechanisms to plant development and stress responses. Despite the well-studied functions of SnRK1 and TOR under conditions of limited or ample energy availability, respectively, little is known about the extent to which the 2 sensor systems function and how they are integrated in the same molecular process or physiological context. Here, we demonstrate that both SnRK1 and TOR are required for proper skotomorphogenesis in etiolated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings, light-induced cotyledon opening, and regular development in light. Furthermore, we identify SnRK1 and TOR as signaling components acting upstream of light- and sugar-regulated alternative splicing events, expanding the known action spectra for these 2 key players in energy signaling. Our findings imply that concurring SnRK1 and TOR activities are required throughout various phases of plant development. Based on the current knowledge and our findings, we hypothesize that turning points in the activities of these sensor kinases, as expected to occur upon illumination of etiolated seedlings, instead of signaling thresholds reflecting the nutritional status may modulate developmental programs in response to altered energy availability.
Psychological characteristics and future success: A prospective study examining youth soccer players at different stages within the German talent development pathway
2023-06-20

In soccer substantial work has been invested to identify factors predicting future performance and success. As it concerns psychological characteristics, quantitatively and qualitatively limited research restricts insights on potential differences due to moderating variables such as players' age and developmental stage within the talent pathway. Thus, the purpose of this study was to extend the empirical evidence on psychological characteristics by (a) validating the prognostic power of potential talent predictors for adult success in U17 "elite promotion" stage players and by (b) comparing these results to the group of U12 "talent development" stage players of the former study by Höner and Feichtinger using the same methodological approach. For both, an online survey was utilized to assess psychological variables across the domains of motivation, volition, self-concept, and emotions. Further, players' performance level was determined four years after the assessment (i.e., U12 success criteria: admission to youth academy; U17 success criteria: achieving professional status). The statistical analyses revealed notable differences in the expression and prognostic value of psychological characteristics between the two samples. Among U17 players, dysfunctional (e.g., fear of failure, competitive anxiety) and functional attributes (e.g., hope for success, ego-orientation, competitiveness) significantly predicted individuals' professional status. The results are discussed within the light of potential environmental demands which may influence the role of psychological dispositions and skills throughout talent development. Additionally, the significance of reliable assessments for applied practice is highlighted regarding sport psychological diagnostics and interventions.Lay summary: To optimally support talent development in soccer, researchers and practitioners seek to understand factors which facilitate players' successful progression through talent pathways up to a professional level. The current study highlights psychological characteristics (e.g., hope for success, competitiveness) which predict future performance and should thus be nourished in young players.
The new European Medical Device Regulation: Friend or foe for hospitals and patients?
2023-06-20

The new EU Medical Device Regulation (MDR) was introduced in 2017 to increase the safety and quality of medical devices in the European Union. Theoretically, several hundred thousand medical devices must be approved under the new MDR guidelines, although the majority of these products have been and will be in daily use in countless operations on the European market for decades. The expected expenditure of time and money until the MDR is fully implemented is associated with high costs, patient disadvantages but also manufacturer problems. The following briefly summarizes the current situation in many European countries and presents the consequences for patients and hospitals and in this context also emphasizes the interdependence between hospitals, patients and manufacturers.
Sulfidation of nano-magnetite to pyrite: Implications for interpreting paleoenvironmental proxies and biosignature records in hydrothermal sulfide deposits
2023-06-20

Nano-magnetite is a potential archive for biosignatures and paleoenvironmental proxies in hydrothermal systems. However, sulfidic diagenesis at hydrothermal conditions potentially drives the rapid transformation of magnetite to Fe sulfide minerals. The identity and characteristics of transformation products from these reactions are crucial for interpreting biosignature records and paleoenvironmental proxies associated with Fe minerals in sulfide deposits. To constrain the preservation and transformation of magnetite in hydrothermal sulfide habitats, we incubated synthetic nano-magnetite in anoxic artificial seawater at a sulfide:Fe ratio of 4:1 as well as at different pH (7, 10) and temperatures (20-80 °C), and in presence or absence of added S0. Experimental products were analyzed by means of sequential Fe extraction, μ-X-ray diffraction (μ-XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After 46 days, nano-magnetite was only detected at 20 °C (pH ∼10). Fe(III)-containing mackinawite and greigite formed at pH ∼10 and ≥20 °C. At pH ∼7 and 80 °C, magnetite was transformed to pyrite within only 19 days, with faster rates in the presence of polysulfides, which formed from the sulfide-mediated reduction of Fe(III) and in the presence of S0. Our results demonstrate a potential taphonomic bias against nano-magnetite in sulfidic hydrothermal habitats and suggest that pyrite-associated paleoenvironmental proxies and biosignature records of Fe- and S-cycling microorganisms in hydrothermal deposits are affected by diagenetic fluid-mineral interactions.
Imidazoquinolines with improved pharmacokinetic properties induce a high IFNα to TNFα ratio in vitro and in vivo
2023-06-20

TLR Agonists have promising activity in preclinical models of viral infection and cancer. However, clinical use is only in topical application. Systemic uses of TLR-ligands such as Resiquimod, have failed due to adverse effects that limited dose and thus, efficacy. This issue could be related to pharmacokinetic properties that include fast elimination leading to low AUC with simultaneously high c max at relevant doses. The high c max is associated with a sharp, poorly tolerated cytokine pulse, suggesting that a compound with a higher AUC/c max -ratio could provide a more sustained and tolerable immune activation. Our approach was to design TLR7/8-agonist Imidazoquinolines intended to partition to endosomes via acid trapping using a macrolide-carrier. This can potentially extend pharmacokinetics and simultaneously direct the compounds to the target compartment. The compounds have hTLR7/8-agonist activity (EC50 of the most active compound in cellular assays: 75-120 nM hTLR7, 2.8-3.1 μM hTLR8) and maximal hTLR7 activation between 40 and 80% of Resiquimod. The lead candidates induce secretion of IFNα from human Leukocytes in the same range as Resiquimod but induce at least 10-fold less TNFα in this system, consistent with a higher specificity for human TLR7. This pattern was reproduced in vivo in a murine system, where small molecules are thought not to activate TLR8. We found that Imidazoquinolines conjugated to a macrolide or, substances carrying an unlinked terminal secondary amine, had longer exposure compared with Resiquimod. The kinetics of pro-inflammatory cytokine release for these substances in vivo were slower and more extended (for comparable AUCs, approximately half-maximal plasma concentrations). Maximal IFNα plasma levels were reached 4 h post application. Resiquimod-treated groups had by then returned to baseline from a peak at 1 h. We propose that the characteristic cytokine profile is likely a consequence of altered pharmacokinetics and, potentially, enhanced endosomal tropism of the novel substances. In particular, our substances are designed to partition to cellular compartments where the target receptor and a distinct combination of signaling molecules relevant to IFNα-release are located. These properties could address the tolerability issues of TLR7/8 ligands and provide insight into approaches to fine-tune the outcomes of TLR7/8 activation by small molecules.
Relationship between burnout levels of nurses and their circadian preference, sleep quality, and personality traits
2023-06-20

Occupational stress and burnout are widely encountered among many healthcare professionals, including nurses and doctors, as well as among members of other professions. For example, nurses, who have disrupted circadian rhythms, are seen to have sleep problems. In addition, their personality traits are also considered to be related with burnout. This study aimed to identify nurses' circadian preference and personality traits along with their effects on sleep quality and their relationship with burnout. In this study, 211 nurses (40 male, 171 female) using the correlational model from quantitative research methods was used since the variables of morningness/eveningness, personality trait, sleep quality, and burnout were aimed to be investigated at once, without intervention, within the predictivity context of the relationship among them. When the scores obtained from the burnout scale were examined, it was observed that the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment subdimensions were so close to the median value and mean, while depersonalization was quite low compared to these sub-dimensions. The participants' sleep quality was seen to be at the lowest step of the poor sleep quality class. When the scores obtained from the MESSI scale are examined, it is seen that the scores obtained from the morning affect dimension are above the median value, and the highest average according to the Five-Factor Personality Traits Scale is obtained in the subdimensions of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Female gender, constantly work at night, having a high number of weekly working hours increased burnout level. Additionally Evening chronotype, poor sleep quality, neuroticism, agreeableness, extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits were found to be associated with burnout in this study. In the study, being of different chronotypes, having other personality traits, and varying sleep quality scores were seen to affect the sub-dimensions of burnout.
Unraveling the Synthesis of SbCl(C3N6H4): A Metal-Melaminate Obtained through Deprotonation of Melamine with Antimony(III)Chloride
2023-06-20

The discovery of melamine by Justus von Liebig was fundamental for the development of several fields of chemistry. The vast majority of compounds with melamine or melamine derivatives appear as adducts. Herein, we focus on the development of novel compounds containing anionic melamine species, namely the melaminates. For this purpose, we analyze the reaction of SbCl3 with melamine by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The whole study includes the synthesis and characterization of three antimony compounds that are obtained during the deprotonation process of melamine to melaminate with the reaction sequence from SbCl4(C9N18H19) (1) via (SbCl4(C6N12H13))2 (2) to SbCl(C3N6H4) (3). Compounds are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The results give an insight into the mechanism of deprotonation of melamine, with the replacement of one, two, or eventually three hydrogen atoms from the three amino groups of melamine. The structure of (3) suggests that metal melaminates are likely to form supramolecular structures or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
Craniogenetic studies in Sus scrofa: With emphasis on the ‘orbitosphenoid’ problem
2023-06-20

Abstract The orbitosphenoid is a skeletal element of the endocranium of extant mammals. However, it has also been described in many of their fossil ancestors. Craniogenetic studies show that it is composed of two types of bone: first, the cartilaginous ala orbitalis and parts of the trabecular plate are transformed by endochondral ossification; second, so‐called ‘appositional bone’ (‘Zuwachsknochen’) arises directly from the perichondrium of the two optic pilae and spreads in all directions and overlays the remaining cartilage and the endochondral ossifications. For some time, both bone types can be distinguished microscopically, but later in craniogenesis they fuse completely to become the presphenoid sensu lato of the osteocranium. We interpret the ‘appositional bone’ as neomorphic mode to reinforce the endocranial bone structures, which are the ossification of the delicate cartilaginous template of the chondrocranium. We studied the ossifications of the presphenoidal skull region in a series of ontogenetic stages of the pig Sus scrofa . We applied conventional histology as well as stained and unstained μCT scans. We can show the above‐mentioned modes of ossification, and we can demonstrate the contribution of ‘appositional bone’ well into neonatal and infantile stages. The ossifications of the presphenoid (including the orbitosphenoid) are very slender in therapsids and early mammaliaforms as previously described by other authors. In mammaliaforms, they tend to become thicker and closely connected with the frontal bone, which may be due to the contribution of neomorphic appositional bone. We assume that thereby the presphenoid sensu lato becomes an enforcement of the orbital pillars.
Competition Policy and the Environment
2023-06-20

Traditionally, competition law and practice serve to preserve competition, with a focus on the maximization of consumer welfare. This has been criticized as conflicting with society's overarching goal of achieving greater (environmental) sustainability. Consequently, various jurisdictions have recently reformed their laws and guidance allowing them to account for sustainability benefits in the assessment of cooperation between competitors, with potentially considerable implications for how firms can jointly develop and introduce more sustainable technologies and products. This has opened a new research frontier in the long-standing tradition of marrying the theory of industrial organization with the field of environmental and resource economics. The consideration of sustainability benefits in competition analysis also requires both the transfer and adaptation of measurement techniques. We summarize recent developments and sketch potential research opportunities.
Pharyngeal Communities and Antimicrobial Resistance in Pangolins in Gabon
2023-06-20

There is an ongoing debate if pangolins are a relevant reservoir for viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. Here, we wanted to know if African pangolins are colonized with bacteria that are relevant for human health.
Data of "Thermodynamics of Quantum Trajectories on a Quantum Computer"
2023-06-20

&lt;p&gt;The uploaded files&nbsp;contain the data of the simulations&nbsp;presented in the figures of the publication &quot;Thermodynamics of Quantum Trajectories on a Quantum Computer&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
Figures, Data and Code of "Dispersionless subradiant photon storage in one-dimensional emitter chains"
2023-06-20

&lt;p&gt;This project contains the figures, data and code for the publication "Dispersionless subradiant photon storage in one-dimensional emitter chains".&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In particular it contains:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- code:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp; - 'main.py' file to start the preparation of the figures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp; - 'src' directory containing the full implementation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- data:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp; - 'data' directory containing the data produced in the preparation of the figures in the manuscript.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- figures:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp; - 'figures' directory containing the raw and finished figures of the manuscript in the respective subfolders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;- documentation:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp; - 'documentation' directory containing a html documentation of the code generated by Sphinx. The file 'index.html' is the usual entry point to the documentation.&lt;/p&gt;
Stability studies for the identification of critical process parameters for a pharmaceutical production of the Orf virus
2023-06-21

A promising new vaccine platform is based on the Orf virus, a viral vector of the genus Parapoxvirus, which is currently being tested in phase I clinical trials. The application as a vaccine platform mandates a well-characterised, robust, and efficient production process. To identify critical process parameters in the production process affecting the virus' infectivity, the Orf virus was subjected to forced degradation studies, including thermal, pH, chemical, and mechanical stress conditions. The tests indicated a robust virus infectivity within a pH range of 5-7.4 and in the presence of the tested buffering substances (TRIS, HEPES, PBS). The ionic strength up to 0.5 M had no influence on the Orf virus' infectivity stability for NaCl and MgCl<sub>2</sub>, while NH<sub>4</sub>Cl destabilized significantly. Furthermore, short-term thermal stress of 2d up to 37 °C and repeated freeze-thaw cycles (20cycles) did not affect the virus' infectivity. The addition of recombinant human serum albumin was found to reduce virus inactivation. Last, the Orf virus showed a low shear sensitivity induced by peristaltic pumps and mixing, but was sensitive to ultrasonication. The isoelectric point of the applied Orf virus genotype D1707-V was determined at pH3.5. The broad picture of the Orf virus' infectivity stability against environmental parameters is an important contribution for the identification of critical process parameters for the production process, and supports the development of a stable pharmaceutical formulation. The work is specifically relevant for enveloped (large DNA) viruses, like the Orf virus and like most vectored vaccine approaches.
Prenatal testing for Imprinting Disorders: A clinical perspective
2023-06-21

Abstract Imprinting Disorders (ImpDis) are a group of congenital conditions caused by aberrant imprinting resulting in disturbed expression of parentally imprinted genes. ImpDis are rarely associated with major malformations, but pre‐ and/or postnatal growth and nutrition are often affected. In some ImpDis, behavioral, developmental, metabolic and neurological symptoms might present in the perinatal context or later in life, and in single ImpDis, there is a higher risk of tumors in childhood. Prognosis depends in part on the molecular cause of each ImpDis, but due to high clinical variability and (epi)genetic mosaicism, predicting the clinical outcome of a pregnancy solely based on the underlying molecular disturbance is difficult. Therefore, interdisciplinary care and treatment approaches play an important role in the management and decision making of affected pregnancies, especially taking into account fetal imaging in addition to genetic findings. Prenatal findings influence perinatal management, and thereby improve the prognosis of ImpDis associated with severe but sometimes transient clinical complications in the neonatal period. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis can be crucial for appropriate management not only to the pregnancy itself but might also have a life‐long effect.
Prenatal testing for imprinting disorders: A laboratory perspective
2023-06-21

Abstract Imprinting Disorders (ImpDis) are a group of congenital syndromes associated with up to four different types of molecular disturbances affecting the monoallelic and parent‐of‐origin specific expression of genomically imprinted genes. Though each ImpDis is characterized by aberrations at a distinct genetic site and a specific set of postnatal clinical signs, there is a broad overlap between several of them. In particular, the prenatal features of ImpDis are non‐specific. Therefore, the decision on the appropriate molecular testing strategy is difficult. A further molecular characteristic of ImpDis is (epi)genetic mosaicism, which makes prenatal testing for ImpDis challenging. Accordingly, sampling and diagnostic workup has to consider the methodological limitations. Furthermore, the prediction of the clinical outcome of a pregnancy can be difficult. False‐negative results can occur, and therefore fetal imaging should be the diagnostic tool on which decisions on the management of the pregnancy should be based. In summary, the decision for molecular prenatal testing for ImpDis should be based on close exchanges between clinicians, geneticists, and the families before the initiation of the test. These discussions should weigh the chances and challenges of the prenatal test, with focus on the need of the family.
Expanding the stdpopsim species catalog, and lessons learned for realistic genome simulations
2023-06-21

Simulation is a key tool in population genetics for both methods development and empirical research, but producing simulations that recapitulate the main features of genomic datasets remains a major obstacle. Today, more realistic simulations are possible thanks to large increases in the quantity and quality of available genetic data, and the sophistication of inference and simulation software. However, implementing these simulations still requires substantial time and specialized knowledge. These challenges are especially pronounced for simulating genomes for species that are not well-studied, since it is not always clear what information is required to produce simulations with a level of realism sufficient to confidently answer a given question. The community-developed framework stdpopsim seeks to lower this barrier by facilitating the simulation of complex population genetic models using up-to-date information. The initial version of stdpopsim focused on establishing this framework using six well-characterized model species (Adrion et al., 2020). Here, we report on major improvements made in the new release of stdpopsim (version 0.2), which includes a significant expansion of the species catalog and substantial additions to simulation capabilities. Features added to improve the realism of the simulated genomes include non-crossover recombination and provision of species-specific genomic annotations. Through community-driven efforts, we expanded the number of species in the catalog more than threefold and broadened coverage across the tree of life. During the process of expanding the catalog, we have identified common sticking points and developed the best practices for setting up genome-scale simulations. We describe the input data required for generating a realistic simulation, suggest good practices for obtaining the relevant information from the literature, and discuss common pitfalls and major considerations. These improvements to stdpopsim aim to further promote the use of realistic whole-genome population genetic simulations, especially in non-model organisms, making them available, transparent, and accessible to everyone.