julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
VPS9a Activates the Rab5 GTPase ARA7 to Confer Distinct Pre- and Postinvasive Plant Innate Immunity
2017-08-01

Plant innate immunity can effectively prevent the proliferation of filamentous pathogens. Papilla formation at the site of attack is essential for preinvasive immunity; in postinvasive immunity, the encasement of pathogen structures inside host cells can hamper disease. Whereas papillae are highly dependent on transcytosis of premade material, little is known about encasement formation. Here, we show that endosome-associated VPS9a, the conserved guanine-nucleotide exchange factor activating Rab5 GTPases, is required for both pre- and postinvasive immunity against a nonadapted powdery mildew fungus (<i>Blumeria graminis</i> f. sp <i>hordei</i>) in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Surprisingly, VPS9a acts in addition to two previously well-described innate immunity components and thus represents an additional step in the regulation of how plants resist pathogens. We found VPS9a to be important for delivering membrane material to the encasement and VPS9a also plays a predominant role in postinvasive immunity. GTP-bound Rab5 GTPases accumulate in the encasement, but not the papillae, suggesting that two independent pathways form these defense structures. VPS9a also mediates defense to an adapted powdery mildew fungus, thus regulating a durable type of defense that works in both host and nonhost resistance. We propose that VPS9a plays a conserved role in organizing cellular endomembrane trafficking, required for delivery of defense components in response to powdery mildew fungi.
Motives for physical exercise participation as a basis for the development of patient-oriented exercise interventions in osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study
2017-08-01

Incentives related to physical exercise such as enjoyment, contact, or natural environment may encourage compliance to an exercise intervention. Goal setting in the context of OA rehabilitation should therefore not only refer to health-oriented reasons but also reconsider individual motives for exercise participation.
Implementation and Feasibility of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome (ePRO) Data Entry in the PRAEGNANT Real-Time Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer Registry
2017-08-01

Abstract Purpose Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been incorporated into clinical trials for many symptoms and medical conditions. A transition from paper-based capture of PROs to electronic PROs (ePROs) has recently started. This study reports on the feasibility of ePRO assessment in a prospective registry including molecular data for patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods As part of the PRAEGNANT network, patients were invited by clinical trial staff, physicians, and nurses to complete three standardized Internet-based questionnaires (EQ 5D 5 L, CES-D and IPAQ). Feasibility was assessed by the staff members who assigned the user accounts by the patients. The completeness of the questionnaires was also assessed. Results Fifteen of 17 patients who were asked agreed to participate to complete the PRO questionnaires (EQ-5D-5L and CES-D). However, the IPAQ (physical activity) questionnaire was only validly completed by 9 patients. Feasibility was ranked better by the physicians and dedicated clinical trial staff than by the nursing staff. Conclusions Incorporating ePRO questionnaires into an advanced breast cancer registry is feasible, and no major hurdles were reported. Involving stakeholders from the start, the application is tailored to the capacities and abilities of both patients and clinical staff. The patientsʼ compliance was better with some questionnaires, but others may present difficulties.
{[Si(SiMe3)3]2Ge9-SiMe2-(C6H4)-SiMe2-Ge9[Si(SiMe3)3]2K}−: The Connection of Metalloid Clusters via an Organic Linker
2017-08-01

The reaction of [(Hyp)2Ge9]2- (Hyp = Si(SiMe3)3) with ClSiMe2-C6H4-SiMe2Cl gives [K(THF)][(Hyp)2Ge9-SiMe2-C6H4-SiMe2-Ge9(Hyp)2K] K1 in 45% yield in the form of orange-red crystals. 1 is thereby the first compound where two Ge9(Hyp)2 clusters are bound together via a bridging ligand. 1 is stable in solution but cannot be transferred intact into the gas phase via electrospray ionization indicating a higher reactivity with respect to other metalloid Ge9R3 clusters. The arrangement of the nine germanium atoms within the two Ge9 units in 1 is unique for metalloid Ge9R3 clusters. Quantum chemical calculations further reveal an electronic interaction of the two Ge9 units in 1 via the bridging phenylene group.
Variable spreading layer in 4U 1608–52 during thermonuclear X-ray bursts in the soft state
2017-08-01

Thermonuclear (type-I) X-ray bursts, observed from neutron star (NS) low-mass\\nX-ray binaries (LMXB), provide constraints on NS masses and radii and\\nconsequently the equation of state of NS cores. In such analyses various\\nassumptions are made without knowing if they are justified. We have analyzed\\nX-ray burst spectra from the LMXB 4U 1608-52, with the aim of studying how the\\ndifferent persistent emission components react to the bursts. During some\\nbursts in the soft spectral state we find that there are two variable\\ncomponents; one corresponding to the burst blackbody component and another\\noptically thick Comptonized component. We interpret the latter as the spreading\\nlayer between the NS surface and the accretion disc, which is not present\\nduring the hard state bursts. We propose that the spectral changes during the\\nsoft state bursts are driven by the spreading layer that could cover almost the\\nentire NS in the brightest phases due to the enhanced radiation pressure\\nsupport provided by the burst, and that the layer subsequently returns to its\\noriginal state during the burst decay. When deriving the NS mass and radius\\nusing the soft state bursts two assumptions are therefore not met: the NS is\\nnot entirely visible and the burst emission is reprocessed in the spreading\\nlayer, causing distortions of the emitted spectrum. For these reasons the NS\\nmass and radius constraints using the soft state bursts are different compared\\nto the ones derived using the hard state bursts.\\n
A new functional method to choose the target lobe for lung volume reduction in emphysema &ndash; comparison with the conventional densitometric method
2017-08-01

CT-based measurement of deflation (LVC/LTC) as a functional parameter correlates weakly with all densitometric CT parameters on a lobar level. Therefore, morphological criteria based on inspiratory CT densitometry partially reflect the deflation of particular lung lobes, and may be of limited value as a sole predictor for target lobe selection in LVR.
Single-Breath-Hold Evaluation of Cardiac Function with Use of Time-Resolved Parallel Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
2017-08-01

Using cardiac magnetic resonance, we tested whether a single-breath-hold approach to cardiac functional evaluation was equivalent to the established multiple-breath-hold method. We examined 39 healthy volunteers (mean age, 31.9 ± 11.4 yr; 22 men) by using 1.5 T with multiple breath-holds and our proposed single breath-hold. Left ventricular and right ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF and RVEF), LV and RV end-diastolic volumes (LVEDV and RVEDV), and LV myocardial mass (LVMM) were compared by using Bland-Altman plots; LVEF and RVEF were tested for equivalence by inclusion of 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Equivalence of the methods was assumed within the range of −5% to 5%. In the multiple- versus the single-breath-hold method, LVEF was 0.62 ± 0.05 versus 0.62 ± 0.04, and RVEF was 0.59 ± 0.06 versus 0.59 ± 0.07. The mean difference in both methods was −0.2% (95% CI, −1 to 0.6) for LVEF and 0.3% (95% CI, −0.8 to 1.5) for RVEF. The mean differences between methods fit within the predetermined range of equivalence, including the 95% CI. The mean relative differences between the methods were 3.8% for LVEDV, 4.5% for RVEDV, and 1.6% for LVMM. Results of our single-breath-hold method to evaluate LVEF and RVEF were equivalent to those of the multiple-breath-hold technique. In addition, LVEDV, RVEDV, and LVMM showed low bias between methods.
Case 3743 — Allodaposuchus precedens Nopcsa, 1928 (Crocodyliformes: Eusuchia: Allodaposuchidae): proposed designation of a neotype
2017-08-01

The purpose of this application, under Article 75.5 of the Code, is to set aside all type fixations for the crocodyliform Allodaposuchus precedensNopcsa, 1928, and to designate a neotype. The type series of A. precedens includes specimens from the Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of Vălioara, housed at the Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet (Hungarian Geological Institute) in Budapest, Hungary. The original material includes several cranial and postcranial elements thought to correspond to the same specimen but the attribution of this set of remains as belonging to one individual cannot be confirmed. Therefore, subsequent papers considered only part of this set, a fragmentary skull table, as the lectotype of A.precedens. Given the recent description of several species closely related to A. precedens and the lack of a combination of exclusive characters that can diagnose the species based on the specimens studied by Nopcsa, we request that the Commission set aside all previous type fixations and designate a neotype for A. precedens. The neotype designation is of utmost importance for the objective identification of this species, which is necessary for future phylogenetic analyses and assessments of crocodyliform diversity.
Results of quantitative chest-CT in chronic pulmonary graft-vs.-host disease (cGvHD) 3 years after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
2017-08-01

End-inspiratory phase CT lung parenchyma quantification in symptomatic patients with pulmonary cGvHD 3 years after allo-SCT shows discrete changes over the pre-transplantation setting representing airway obstruction, mirroring airflow limitation on PFT. Its use enables exclusion of relevant parenchymal destruction (emphysema-equivalent lung density) at this time.
Electric Spark Discharges in Water. Low-energy Nuclear Transmutations and Light Leptonic Magnetic Monopoles in an Extended Standard Model
2017-08-01

Abstract Light leptonic magnetic monopoles were predicted by Lochak [G. Lochak, Intern. J. Theor. Phys. 24 , 1019 (1985).]. Experimental indications based on nuclear transmutations were announced by Urutskoiev et al. [L. I. Urutskoiev, V. I. Liksonov, V. G. Tsinoev, Ann. Fond. L. de Broglie 27 , Nr.4, 791 (2002).] and Urutskoev [L. J. Urutskoev, Ann. Fond. L. de Broglie 29 , 1149 (2004).]. A theoretical interpretation of these transmutations is proposed under the assumption that light leptonic magnetic monopoles are created during spark discharges in water. The latter should be excited neutrinos according to Lochak. This hypothesis enforces the introduction of an extended Standard Model described in previous papers. The most important results of this study are (i) that multiple proton captures are responsible for the variety of transmutations and that leptonic magnetic monopoles are involved in these processes (ii) that electromagnetic duality can be established for bound states of leptonic monopoles although massive monopoles are in general unstable (iii) that criteria for the emission of leptonic magnetic monopoles and for their catalytic effect on weak decays are set up and elaborated. The study can be considered as a contribution to the efforts of Urutskoiev and Lochak to understand the reasons for accidents in power plants.
How Language Problems Affect International Academic Careers in Management
2017-08-01

Based on qualitative interviews with foreign management scholars working at leading business schools in Japan, Finland, Spain and the USA, we investigate how language barriers influence the careers of management scholars working outside their native language area. We explore the influence of English as the lingua franca of academia and the local languages used by business schools in different countries on (1) foreign management scholars’ performance in publishing, teaching and administrative work as major career antecedents and on (2) recruitment and promotion opportunities as key career outcomes. We find, among others, that the impact of language on career advancement strongly differs depending on (1) the English proficiency of local faculty and staff and on (2) the international recruits’ ability to work in the local language. On this basis, we develop important practical recommendations for internationally mobile management scholars and business schools aiming to attract international faculty.
Das getilgte Ding
2017-08-01

Abstract The disappearance of Arofel’s shield in Wolfram’s ›Willehalm‹ is striking. It initially survives the encounter between Arofel and Willehalm almost without a scratch – ending in an early defeat of the Persian. The margrave kills Arofel in spite of his plea for grace and takes the shield from his body. This essay shows that henceforth Willehalm carries not only a valuable shield, but also a material reminder of Arofel’s highly disputable death until its disappearance in a burning monastery. As against the acquittance of the material shield, its reminding function remains emblematic in the narrative and ›rematerializes‹ itself in the brand on Arofel’s horse – with profound consequences for Willehalm.
Upon Progestin Stimulation Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 is Phosphorylated in Breast Cancer Cells and Binds to Estrogen Receptor α-Coregulators PHB1 and PHB2
2017-08-01

Combined menopausal hormone therapy, using estrogen and synthetic progestins, is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer. The effect of progestins on breast cells is complex and not fully understood yet. In previous in vitro and in vivo studies, we found different progestins to increase the proliferation of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 (PGRMC1)-overexpressing MCF7 breast cancer cells, revealing a potential role of PGRMC1 in forwarding membrane-initiated progestin signals into the cell. Aim of this study was to further investigate the activation mechanism and downstream signaling of PGRMC1 after progestin binding.
P6040Extracellular cyclophilin a augments platelet-dependent thrombosis and thrombo-inflammation without affecting physiological hemostasis
2017-08-01

Introduction: Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a ubiquitously expressed chaperon protein that contains PPIase activity and regulates intracellular functions, like protein folding and Ca2+ signaling.Upon activation CyPA is released into the extracellular space and binds to the Ig superfamily member CD147.Platelets are a major source of CyPA and the binding of CyPA to its receptor promotes platelet activation.CyPA is involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and atherosclerosis.Till know there is no specific inhibitor targeting extracellular CyPA.Purpose: The known inhibitors are also affecting other extracellular cyclophilins or also the intracellular cyclophilins including CyPA.The aim of this study is to design a specific antibody that only affects extracellular CyPA.Methods: For the generation of a specific extracellular CyPA antibody mice and rats were immunized with a peptide containing the CD147 binding site.The antibodies were screened for their binding ability in a Western Blot SDS page and in a CyPA-binding-ELISA.For the functional test the inhibitory effects were tested in in vitro and in vivo migration assay.For the anti-thrombotic experiments platelets were stimulated with CyPA and the inhibitory effects were analyzed by measuring CD62P surface expression in flow cytometry.Next the anti-thrombotic properties were analyzed in an in vitro thrombus formation model and in vivo in a FeCl3 model.Next the anti-thrombotic effects of the antibody were tested in trauma/ hemorrhagic shock model.Moreover the effect of the antibody on hemostasis was measured by tail bleeding time.Results: Form the developed antibodies the antibody, 8H7, which had the best performance in the binding assays were used for further experiments.8H7 reduce significantly the CyPA-induced migration in vitro.Moreover also in vivo in a CyPA-induced peritonitis model there is a reduction in infiltrating CD3+ cells (5.1±0.67 vs. 2.1±0.37) and F4/80+ cells (4.7±0.67 vs. 1.9±0.43)compared to IgG.Moreover 8H7 reduces the CyPA-induced CD62P expression compared to IgG (35.72±2.65 vs. 26.76±2.1).The CyPA-induced thrombus formation is significantly reduced by 8H7 in vitro and in vivo in a FeCl3 model (1948±183.9vs. 775.4±67.63).The CyPA antibody 8H7 is able to decrease the aggregation of circulating platelets and platelet aggregates in the liver significantly of mice exposed to trauma and hemorrhagic shock. Conclusion:This study provides evidence that it is possible to counteract the pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory effects of CyPA using our antibody 8H7 and that there is no effect of 8H7 on general hemostasis.
Organizational Justice Perceptions and Responsive Behavior in a Chinese-German Context
2017-08-01

Our explorative, qualitative study reveals how Chinese employees of German companies (inpatriates working at headquarters and locals working for subsidiaries) assess the overall fairness of their employing organization and how they translate their fairness perceptions into a responsive behavior. Our analysis is based on 51 semi-structured interviews with Chinese inpatriates working at German headquarters and 15 interviews of Chinese host country nationals working for subsidiaries of German companies in China. Our findings illuminate which factors Chinese employees consider when assessing the overall fairness of their employing organization, demonstrating that these factors go beyond the traditional four justice dimensions (distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice). Furthermore, as a consequence of the difference in location, we found that Chinese local employees working in China direct their behavior in response to their organization-based fairness perceptions mostly towards their supervisors, while Chinese inpatriates undergo a cultural identity negotiation process, directing their responsive behavior towards the overall organization.
0153 Risk of bladder cancer in a cohort of chemical workers
2017-08-01

&lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Objective&lt;/st&gt; Bladder cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer among men in Germany. Aromatic amines can cause bladder cancer and therefore cancerogenic aromatic amines have been banned a long time ago from workplace, but a long latency can still increase the risk of former exposed workers. In this study, we will assess the risk of bladder cancer in a cohort of chemical workers with earlier use of aromatic amines compared to the general population. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Methods&lt;/st&gt; In the prospective cohort study UroScreen, 1800 former chemical workers exposed to aromatic amines were offered to participate in an early detection of bladder cancer by means of tumour markers. In 2003–10, 1609 people were examined at least once. The exposure to aromatic amines was determined by means of questionnaires. The observed bladder cancer incidence was compared with the expected incidence in the general population. Bladder cancer risk was estimated as standardised incidence ratio. &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Results&lt;/st&gt; Nine incidence urinary bladder carcinoma occurred during the study. Eight cases were ex-smokers and one case was non-smoker. All cases were exposed for at least 10 years, including six cases longer than 20 years. Compared to the general population, the risk of bladder cancer was 2.94 (95% CI 1.35–5.59). &lt;/sec&gt; &lt;sec&gt;&lt;st&gt;Conclusions&lt;/st&gt; Since almost all cases have both smoked and were highly exposed, reliable risk detection is difficult. Nevertheless, in view of a threefold increased risk, the early detection of urinary bladder carcinomas were promising. &lt;/sec&gt;
Progress towards a public chemogenomic set for protein kinases and a call for contributions
2017-08-02

Protein kinases are highly tractable targets for drug discovery. However, the biological function and therapeutic potential of the majority of the 500+ human protein kinases remains unknown. We have developed physical and virtual collections of small molecule inhibitors, which we call chemogenomic sets, that are designed to inhibit the catalytic function of almost half the human protein kinases. In this manuscript we share our progress towards generation of a comprehensive kinase chemogenomic set (KCGS), release kinome profiling data of a large inhibitor set (Published Kinase Inhibitor Set 2 (PKIS2)), and outline a process through which the community can openly collaborate to create a KCGS that probes the full complement of human protein kinases.
Variability in Mass Spectrometry-based Quantification of Clinically Relevant Drug Transporters and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes
2017-08-02

Many different methods are used for mass-spectrometry-based protein quantification in pharmacokinetics and systems pharmacology. It has not been established to what extent the results from these various methods are comparable. Here, we compared six different mass spectrometry-based proteomics methods by measuring the expression of clinically relevant drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes in human liver. Mean protein concentrations were in general quantified to similar levels by methods using whole tissue lysates. Methods using subcellular membrane fractionation gave incomplete enrichment of the proteins. When the enriched proteins were adjusted to levels in whole tissue lysates, they were on average 4-fold lower than those quantified directly in whole tissue lysates. The differences in protein levels were propagated into differences in predictions of hepatic clearance. In conclusion, caution is needed when comparing and applying quantitative proteomics data obtained with different methods, especially since membrane fractionation is common practice for protein quantification used in drug clearance predictions.
Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 is phosphorylated upon progestin treatment in breast cancer cells
2017-08-02

Menopausal hormone therapy, using estrogen and synthetic progestins, is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer. The effect of progestins on breast cells is complex and not yet fully understood. In previous <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies, we found different progestins to increase the proliferation of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 (PGRMC1)-overexpressing MCF7 cells (MCF7/PGRMC1), suggesting a possible role of PGRMC1 in transducing membrane-initiated progestin signals. Understanding the activation mechanism of PGRMC1 by progestins will provide deeper insights into the mode of action of progestins on breast cells and the often-reported phenomenon of elevated breast cancer rates upon progestin-based hormone therapy. In the present study, we aimed to further investigate the effect of progestins on receptor activation in MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. We report that treatment of both breast cancer cell lines with the progestin norethisterone (NET) induces phosphorylation of PGRMC1 at the Casein Kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylation site Ser181, which can be decreased by treatment with CK2 inhibitor quinalizarin. Point mutation of the Ser181 phosphorylation site in MCF7/PGRMC1 cells impaired proliferation upon NET treatment. This study gives further insights into the mechanism of differential phosphorylation of the receptor and confirms our earlier hypothesis that phosphorylation of the CK2-binding site is essential for activation of PGRMC1. It further suggests an important role of PGRMC1 in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer in progestin-based hormone replacement therapy.