julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
X-linked Hereditary Hearing Impairment
2003-01-01

X-chromosomal inherited non-syndromic hearing impairment accounts for approximately 2-3% of all hearing impairment (HI) cases and is therefore less common than autosomal hereditary hearing impairment. Currently 4 nonsyndromic loci and one syndromic locus have been identified and two genes have been cloned. Patients often show a prelingual onset of HI. The DFN phenotype displays a high grade of clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Men are affected more often and, because of hemizygosity, affected males usually show a more severe, distinctive HI phenotype.
Magnetic Moments of Baryons with a Heavy Quark
2003-01-01

We compute magnetic moments of baryons with a heavy quark in the bound state approach for heavy baryons. In this approach the heavy baryon is considered as a heavy meson bound to a light baryon. The latter is represented as a soliton excitation of light meson fields. We obtain the magnetic moments by sandwiching pertinent components of the electromagnetic current operator between the bound state wave--functions. We extract this current operator from the coupling to the photon field after extending the action to be gauge invariant.
Uncommon cytidine-homopolymer dimorphism in 5'-UTR of the human otoferlin gene
2003-01-01

Human otoferlin, homologous to the Caenorhabditis elegans spermatogenesis factor FER-1 that was shown to be involved in membrane vesicle fusion, belongs to a group of membrane-anchored cytosolic proteins and is found expressed in brain, cochlear inner hair cells and vestibular type I sensory cells. Nonsense and missense mutations of OTOF lead to an autosomal recessive deafness phenotype (DFNB9). We describe here an unusual C-homopolymer dimorphism at position -136 of 5'-UTR of the OTOF short splice form. Although at first identified within a family with a hereditary component of hearing deficiency this C3/C5 dimorphism is found frequently in European populations (0.4 for C3, 0.6 for C5) and does not segregate with the deafness phenotype. The polymorphic site may become useful for studying the origin of different OTOF mutations within various populations, for assessing recombination events within large pedigrees as well as founder effects and for association studies in further deafness phenotypes.
Physics with Antiprotons at the Future GSI Facility
2003-01-01

Recently GSI presented the plans for a major new international research facility (http://www.gsi.de/GSI-future/). Highly luminous secondary beams with excellent quality encompassing the production of antiprotons will be delivered. In a High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) with a bending power of 50 Tm antiprotons will be cooled either stochastically or by electrons. The envisaged limits are a momentum range of 1.5 to 15 GeV/c and a luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm-2 s-1. Four major physical research goals can be addressed: high precision charmonium spectroscopy, medium effects of open and hidden charm, the search for glueballs and hybrids, and the production of hypernuclei.
The underestimated virtues of the two-sector AK model
2003-01-01

We show that the two-sector version of the AK model proposed by Rebelo (1991) can be read as an endogenous growth extension of Greenwood, Hercowitz and Krusell (1997). By confining constant returns to capital to the investment goods sector, the model generates endogenously the secular downward trend of the relative price of equipment investment and the rising real investment rate observed in US NIPA data. Whereas Jones (1995) criticizes that the one-sector model fails to reconcile the empirical facts of trending real investment rates and stationary output growth, this incompatibility vanishes in the two-sector version. Finally, a simple technological shock can reproduce the ‘1974’ break in post World War II US data. Thus, AK-type endogenous growth models comply much better with empirical evidence, once they are augmented with a strictly concave consumption sector.
Address and Politeness in Modern Russian. A Corpus-Based Approach
2003-01-01

1.1 Is politeness really a linguistic phenomenon which should be dealt with in linguistic research? • politeness is a social phenomenon of behaviour which concerns many aspects of human life, not only of language;
Influence of smoking on the survival rate of various dental implant systems - an 18-year report
2003-01-01

Influence of smoking on the survival rate of various dental implant systems an 18year report Purpose: This inquiry was done to reveal possible negative effects of smoking on the probability of survival of implants. Patients and Methods: The influence of smoking on the success of dental implants was studied using 934 implant patients who had been treated with various implant systems. 712 patients (76.1%) identified themselves as non-smokers, 223 (23.9%) as smokers. A total of 1776 implants including Bonefit (212), Branemark system (42), Frialit-2 (555), IMZ (179), TPS (21), ITI (1) and Tubingen (761) types were placed in these 934 patients. 1379 implants (77.7%) were placed in non-smokers, 379 (22.3%) in smokers. Results: The smokers showed higher failure rates and significantly reduced implant survival rates (Kaplan-Meier). The negative consequences of smoking were evident even at a very low rate of tobacco consumption per day. The degree of influence resulting from smoking depended on the location of the implant. This was most clearly noticed with a reduction of the implant prognosis in the maxilla. Conclusions: The particularly marked reduction in the probability of success in the maxilla over the entire survival period of the implant led to the hypothesis that the primary causes for the reduced implant prognosis was long-term local effects. These effects seemed to be the result of two causes: the toxic chemical effect of components of tobacco smoke on the peri-implant tissue and the damage caused by forces below the threshold of perception which affect the implants. The forces result from soft tissue movements, which are increased by smoking.
The Multiple Shell PN NGC 2438: Shell Modeling and the Influence of Different Central Star Models
2003-01-01

Modeling the shells of multiple shell planetary nebulae using different model spectra for hot central stars, we found that a blackbody model leads to wrong nebular parameters. We model the density profile of the outer shells, varying the results of hydrodynamical simulations. This leads to a spatial excitation profile which reproduces well the observations.
A Bethe-Salpeter Description of Light Mesons
2003-01-01

We present a covariant approach to describe the low--lying scalar, pseudoscalar, vector and axialvector mesons as quark--antiquark bound states.This approach is based on an effective interaction modeling of the non--perturbative structure of the gluon propagator that enters the quark Schwinger--Dyson and meson Bethe--Salpeter equations. We extract the meson masses and compute the pion and kaon decay constants. We obtain a quantitatively correct description for pions, kaons and vector mesons while the calculated spectra of scalar and axialvector mesons suggest that their structure is more complex than being quark--antiquark bound states.
Fe-Deficiency in H-Deficient Post-AGB Stars Due to n-Capture Nucleosynthesis
2003-01-01

H-deficient post-AGB objects, e.g. PG1159 type star K1-16 and born-again AGB star Sakurai's object, have been reported to be significantly iron-deficient. We find that the iron deficiencies expected due to neutron-capture nucleosynthesis during either the progenitor AGB evolution and/or the neutron burst that occurs as a result of the rapid burning of protons during a post-AGB He-flash are generally in line with observations.
Casimir Energies in the Light of Renormalizable Quantum Field Theories
2003-01-01

Effective hadron models commonly require the computation of functional\\ndeterminants. In the static case these are one--loop vacuum polarization\\nenergies, known as Casimir energies. In this talk I will present general\\nmethods to efficiently compute renormalized one--loop vacuum polarization\\nenergies and energy densities and apply these methods to construct soliton\\nsolutions within a variational approach. This calculational method is\\nparticularly useful to study singular limits that emerge in the discussion of\\nthe {\\\\it classical} Casimir problem which is usually posed as the response of a\\nfluctuating quantum field to externally imposed boundary conditions.\\n
Role of chemokine receptor 5 during respiratory syncytial virus infection
2003-01-01

Studies on head injury-induced pituitary dysfunction are limited in number and conflicting results have been reported.To further clarify this issue, 29 consecutive patients (24 males), with severe (n = 21) or moderate (n = 8) head trauma, having a mean age of 37 ± 17 years were investigated in the immediate post-trauma period.All patients required mechanical ventilatory support for 8-55 days and were enrolled in the study within a few days before ICU discharge.Basal hormonal assessment included measurement of cortisol, corticotropin, free thyroxine (fT4), thyrotropin (TSH), testosterone (T) in men, estradiol (E2) in women, prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH).Cortisol and GH levels were measured also after stimulation with 100 μg human corticotropin releasing hormone (hCRH) and 100 μg growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), respectively.Cortisol hyporesponsiveness was considered when peak cortisol concentration was less than 20 μg/dl following hCRH.TSH deficiency was diagnosed when a subnormal serum fT4 level was associated with a normal or low TSH.Hypogonadism was considered when T (males) or E2 (women) were below the local reference ranges, in the presence of normal PRL levels.Severe or partial GH deficiencies were defined as a peak GH below 3 μg/l or between 3 and 5 μg/l, respectively, after stimulation with GHRH.Twenty-one subnormal responses were found in 15 of the 29 patients (52%) tested; seven (24%) had hypogonadism, seven (24%) had cortisol hyporesponsiveness, five (17%) had hypothyroidism, and two patients (7%) had partial GH deficiency.These preliminary results suggest that a certain degree of hypopituitarism occurs in more than 50% of patients with moderate or severe head injury in the immediate post-trauma period, with cortisol hyporesponsiveness and hypogonadism being most common.Further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenesis of these abnormalities and to investigate whether they affect long-term morbidity.
OC180: Invasive fetal cardiac therapy in congenital heart disease?possible benefits & current shortcomings
2003-01-01

Babies with hypoplastic left (HLHS) or right heart syndrome or other malformations with a single ventricle physiology and associated hypoplasia of the great arteries continue to be a challenge in terms of survival. The vast majority of these forms of congenital heart defects relate to abnormal morphogenesis and patterning during early intrauterine development and can be diagnosed accurately by fetal echocardiography from the late first trimester. Early knowledge of these conditions not only permits a better understanding of the progression of these malformations but encourages some researchers to explore new minimal invasive therapeutic options with a view to in utero cardiac palliation. The upcoming expansion of endoscopic maternal-fetal surgery to ameliorate critically progressive fetal cardiac lesions intensifies the need to address issues about the adequacy of technology assessment and patient selection as well as the morbidity of those who undergo these novel procedures. congenital heart disease; fetal echocardiography; in utero cardiac palliation; postnatal intervention
SPIN STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS IN CHIRAL QUARK SOLITON MODELS
2003-01-01

In this talk I review studies of hadron structure functions in bosonized\\nchiral quark models. Such models require regularization and I show that the\\ntwo--fold Pauli--Villars regularization scheme not only fully regularizes the\\neffective action but also leads the scaling laws for structure functions. This\\nscheme is consistent with other computations of the pion structure function in\\nthat model. For the nucleon structure functions the present approach serves to\\ndetermine the regularization prescription for structure functions whose leading\\nmoments are not given by matrix elements of local operators. Some numerical\\nresults are presented for the spin structure functions and the role of strange\\nquarks is addressed.\\n
Roles of funding agencies in technology-driven economic development
2003-01-01

In the past, government agencies played pivotal roles in the development of new technologies. For example, Internet is an outgrowth of the ARPAnet project sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the United States government. Recently, consortia of private industries, often in cooperation with government agencies, have entered into this picture. As a consequence, researchers in academia have shifted their attentions much more towards real-world applications. In the panel discussion, we first compare the traditional roles of funding agencies in the USA, EU, and Asia. We then focus on the new trends in this funding business in each of the three regions. We will examine why and how such shifts have been made and discuss the roles of funding agencies to be played in the coming years. In particular, we will attempt to search for future roles and new forms/ways of the funding agencies from the viewpoint of economic development driven by technology advancement.
Scottish or British?
2003-01-01

Abstract The environment of history‐writing has always been governed by the school and university curricula, research, hopes of a general readership, and the requirements of politics. These have been framed by the English language community, the publishing industry and, more recently, the media market. To this Scotland added, after about 1960, an unprecedentedly active politics, culminating with the grant in 1999 of broad powers of self‐government. In this History has been both resource and instrument, and is correspondingly complex.
Subdwarf B stars in HW Vir systems
2003-01-01

Subdwarf B stars (sdB) dominate the populations of faint blue stars and are found in both the old disk (field sdBs) and halo populations (globular cluster members) of our own Galaxy. The origin of sdB stars remains largely a puzzle, but evidence is accumulating that close binary evolution is fundamental to the problem. With interferometric methods, we expect to detect and learn about close cool companions to derive further insight in the evolution of sdB stars.
A new algorithm for high-speed projection in point rendering applications
2003-01-01

Point based rendering techniques have recently become a promising alternative for high quality rendering of complex scenes. In order to handle a high number of points, the current graphics cards structure has to be analyzed for efficient exploitation of the hardware resources available. In this context, the real time perspective projections become a challenge because of the reduced number of dividers available in the graphics cards and their recursive structure. In this paper, we present a point projection algorithm that avoids the division operations. The technique we propose is based on the identification of the candidate pixels on the screen, and the selection of the correct one through simple comparison operations. The simplicity of the algorithm we propose permits the utilization of different projection units operating in parallel. We also present a scheduling that permits the introduction and efficient exploitation of a pipelined system. The algorithm is regular, simple, and characterized by efficient data management so that the processing rate is directly associated with the number of projection units employed. As a result, real time performance for the projection operations, even for critical scenes, can be achieved.
Bridging GIS-based landscape analysis/modelling and 3D-simulation. Is this already 4D?
2003-01-01

Several studies have used remote sensing to map patterns of e.g. deforestation or to analyse the rates of land use change. Thesestudies have proven useful for interpreting the causes of urbanization, deforestation etc. and the impact of such changes on theregion. Monitoring of change (e.g. deforestation or reforestation) is frequently perceived as one of the most important contributionsof remote sensing technology to the study of global ecological and environmental change (Roughgarden et al. 1991). Manyresearchers believe that the integration of remote sensing techniques within analysis of environmental change is essential if ecologistsare to meet the challenges of the future, specifically issues relating to global change, however, in practice, this integration has so farbeen limited (Griffiths &amp;amp; Mather 2000). Considerable difficulties are encountered in linking, on the one hand, the biologies oforganisms and the ecologies of populations to the fluxes of material and energy quantifiable at the level of ecosystems. In this paper,we concentrate on the methodological aspects of the delineation of landscape objects and touch the ecological application onlysuperficially but we elucidate the potential of the proposed methodology for several ecological applications briefly.
Novel Biosynthetic Stent Coating Capable of Local Gene Delivery in Porcine Coronary Artery
2003-01-01

Objective] To develop a suitable vehicle for local delivery of adenovirus to coronaries, offering promise for the use of therapeutic viruses to prevent restenosis. A novel coated stent , PC 2028 (Biocompatibles, Farnham, U.K.) was tested. Uncoated stents were used in the control groups. 1 In vitro Work: Freshly harvested porcine coronary arteries were stented with b Gal pre treated PC 2028 coated stents and flushed with one of five solutions (n=5 for each group) no flush, 0.9% saline, contrast medium, culture medium or blood. Uncoated stents were used as control and flushed with 0.9% Saline. Stented segments were then cultured for 48 hours, prior to fixation and X Gal staining. Transduction was quantified both macroscopically (% area stained blue) histologically using Image Pro 4.1.2 In vivo Work: TIMP3 virus treated PC 2028 stents were deployed in porcine coronary arteries under radiographic control.Blood, coronaries and major organs were then harvested following 7 days. In addition to transduction quantification (as with in vitro experiments), PCR was performed on all harvested tissue samples to assess the systemic distribution of the virus and confirm local delivery to the stented coronary artery. 1 PC stainless steel coupons showed superior transduction compared to uncoated coupons. Transduction rates for the in vitro PC stents were quantified at a macroscopic level: no flush 6.9% ± 3.7% , 0.9% saline 6.6% ± 3.6% ,culture media 7.2% ± 2.5% , contrast media 7.4% ± 1.9% , and blood 16.2% ± 9.3% . Transduction rate for uncoated stent was1.89% ± 0.47% , significantly lower than that of PC stent, P =0.025? 2 In vivo, we could demonstrate localized transduction within the stented area, without systemic distribution of the virus. [ Conclusion] Our results demonstrate effective and targeted, in vitro and in vivo, transduction of adenovirus from a stent using a novel biosynthetic coating to coronaries. With the advent of highly specific viral vectors and an increasing library of genetic targets for the manipulation of vascular pathology, this coated stent could be a suitable vehicle for future management of in stent restenosis.
Learning Strategies and Force Precue in Force-Feedback controlled Learning Situations
2003-01-01

Learning strategies have been researched especially respect to program theories. WulfS Krakauer, Ghilardi & Ghez 1999) a force-feedback device (Impulse-Stick by Immersion) combined with my personally developed software-tool has been used to control movement situations. Six groups with 20 students of each participated in this experiment. None had prior experience with the task. The task required participants to move the stick of the forcefeedback device on a linear trajectory without visual control. Dependent on three learning strategies (blocked condition, variability condition and differential condition) the movement had been disturbed by a special sequence of six different force fields. The forces in each force field acted perpendicular to the required movement and were generated by a sine function of the general form: force.x = a*sin(position.y*b) + a*sin(position.y*c) where force.x denotes the applied force and position.y denotes the position along the required trajectorie. There were two precue conditions (no precue and force precue presented 3 sec before acting on a monitor). The participants performed three sessions within a week each of 2 x 50 trials. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment they performed an interpolation test.
PION–PROTON SCATTERING AT TRIUMF AND PSI
2003-01-01

Abstract Present discrepancies in extractions of the pion-proton sigma-term and the size of isospin breaking from pion-proton scattering are at least partly due to inconsistent and missing experimental information. To overcome these problems, a number of experiments on low energy pion-proton scattering have recently been done at TRIUMF and PSI. Results and/or status of these experiments are discussed.
Volatile Organic Compounds Volatilization from Multicomponent Organic Liquids and Diffusion in Unsaturated Porous Media
2003-01-01

Vapor phase diffusion is an important transport process in the unsaturated zone affecting evaporation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from pure and multicomponent organic liquids. To evaluate some widely used empirical relationships for the estimation of effective diffusion coefficients in the unsaturated zone and to assess the validity of Raoult's Law during aging of organic mixtures, two series of laboratory-scale column experiments were performed using pure toluene, pure methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), and two multicomponent “kerosene-type” liquids containing four to seven compounds. The analytical one-dimensional solution of Fick's Second Law described the diffusion process of pure compounds very well in two sands with different water contents. The effective diffusion coefficients obtained correspond well to a recently published empirical relationship (Moldrup et al., 2000); the capacity factors fitted indicate equilibrium partitioning of the solute between gas phase and water. A one-dimensional numerical model based on the combination of Fick's Second Law and Raoult's Law was used to predict the volatilization and the diffusion process from multicomponent organic liquids. Both the vapor phase diffusion process of the VOCs and the aging of the organic mixtures were predicted very well solely on the basis of effective diffusion coefficients estimated from the empirical relationship and assuming an ideal mixture (e.g., an activity coefficient of 1 in Raoult's Law).