Abstract PO5-16-10: The efficacy of novel antibody-drug-conjugates on brain metastases in metastatic breast cancer patients – a multicenter real-world analysis
2024-05-02

Abstract 15 – 30% of all patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) develop brain metastases (BMs). Treatment of BMs include radiation therapy and surgical resection while systemic treatment is challenging and prospective evidence for the treatment of active brain metastases is restricted to the small molecule Tucatinib. Recently, the antibody-drug-conjugates (ADCs) Sacituzumab-Govitecan (SG) and Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan (T-DXd) have shown to be highly effective in the treatment of triple-negative (SG), HER2-positive (T-DXd) and HR+/HER2- (SG and, in case of HER2-low-expression, T-DxD) MBC. However, there is only limited data, whether these macromolecules are also effective in patients with BMs. We therefore aimed to examine the efficacy of SG and T-DXd in patients with stable and active BMs in a multicenter real-world analysis. Female patients with stable or active BMs who were treated with either SG or T-DXd at the breast centers of Tuebingen University, Ulm University or Freiburg University in Germany before June 30, 2023 were included into this analysis. Data cut-off for this analysis was July 10, 2023. BMs were classified as active if they were newly diagnosed and did not require local treatment or if they were progressing and did not require local treatment. Preexisting BMs without intracranial disease progression or preexisting/newly diagnosed BMs that had been treated by surgery and/or radiotherapy directly prior to SG/T-DXd therapy were considered as stable. All patients underwent baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and received follow-up MRIs at least every three months. Growth dynamics of BMs were assessed by board certified neuroradiologists. Intracranial disease control rate (icDCR) was defined as the percentage of patients with at least intracranial stable disease at the first follow-up MRI. Intracranial progression-free survival (icPFS) was determined as the period between the first application of SG or T-DXd and intracranial disease progression or treatment cessation due to the patients’ will or the onset of intolerable toxicity. If ADC treatment was discontinued due to extracranial disease progression albeit at least stable intracranial disease patients were censored. Overall survival (OS) was defined as the period between the first application of SG or T-DXd and death. In total, 26 patients were included with a median of two prior therapy lines in the metastatic setting (range 2 – 15). 10 (38%) and 14 (54%) patients received SG and T-DXd, respectively. 2/26 (8%) patients receiving SG were consecutively subjected to T-DXd treatment. SG was applied to 12/12 patients (100%) due to triple-negative MBC and 12/16 patients (75%) treated with T-DXd were HER2-positive. The remaining 4/16 patients (25%) treated with T-DXd showed HER2 low tumor biology. 5/12 (42%) and 8/16 (50%) patients treated with SG or T-DXd had active BMs at treatment initiation. The icDCR was 33% (95% CI: 5% - 61%)/81% (95% CI: 62% - 100%) for all patients treated with SG/T-DXd and 40% (95% CI: 0% - 88%)/75% (95% CI: 43% - 100%) in case of active BMs. After a median follow-up of 7.2 months, 10/12 (83.3%) patients treated with SG and 4/16 (25%) patients subjected to T-DXd had discontinued treatment. Median icPFS was 3.1 months (95% CI: 0.4 – 5.8 months) for SG and not reached for T-DXd. 7/12 (58%) patients treated with SG and 4/16 patients (25%) treated with T-DXd died until data cut-off. Median OS was 7.2 months (95% CI: 3.0 – 11.4 months) for patients treated with SG and not reached for patients treated with T-DXd. SG and T-DXd showed promising clinical activity in both, stable and active cerebral breast cancer metastasis. Updated PFS and OS data will be reported at the meeting. Citation Format: Dominik Dannehl, Henning Schäffler, Tobias Engler, Lea Volmer, Arne Estler, Ilinca Popp, Stefanie Lorenz, Eva-Maria Grischke, Markus Hahn, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Ingolf Juhasz-Böss, Wolfgang Janni, Sara Brucker, Florin-Andrei Taran, Andreas Hartkopf. The efficacy of novel antibody-drug-conjugates on brain metastases in metastatic breast cancer patients – a multicenter real-world analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-16-10.