julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Advances in Proteomics in Cancer Research
2007-06-01

From February 27th to March 2nd, 2007, the American Association for Cancer Research held a special conference on Advances in Proteomics in Cancer Research in Amelia Island, Florida, USA, which attr...
Concepts for Autonomic Integrated Systems
2007-06-01

Future MPSoCs have to cope with unreliable functionality of their nanometer-scale internal components, mainly due to increasing sensitivity for technology parameter variations and natural radiation. While error correction is widely known in memory design, protection for arithmetic logic units within CPUs is an issue for future research. For on-chip communication resources there are many error protection techniques available, but a tradeoff has to be found between techniques on various levels. In this paper we present our concept for Autonomic MPSoCs with capabilities for runtime detection and correction of sporadic errors, and adaptation of performance, power, and dependability on changing environmental conditions. Functional elements of the MPSoC are continuously monitored and controlled by autonomic elements. Re-distribution of tasks is supported by run-time performance analysis and an autonomic operating system. Life time dependability of the MPSoC is introduced in the design optimization process. 1.
Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy
2007-06-01

Bioanalytical Reviews is the successor of the former review journal with the same name, and it complements Springer's successful and reputed review book series program in the flourishing and exciting area of the Bioanalytical Sciences.Bioanalytical Reviews (BAR) publishes reviews covering all aspects of bioanalytical sciences.It therefore is a unique source of quick and authoritative information for anybody using bioanalytical methods in areas such as medicine, biology, biochemistry, genetics, pharmacology, biotechnology, and the like.Reviews of methods include all modern tools applied, including mass spectrometry, HPLC (in its various forms), capillary electrophoresis, biosensors, bioelectroanalysis, fluorescence, IR/Raman, and other optical spectroscopies, NMR radiometry, and methods related to bioimaging.In particular the series volumes provide reviews on perspective new instrumental approaches as they apply to bioanalysis, and on the use of micro-/nano-materials such as micro-and nanoparticles.Articles on μ-total analytical systems (μ-TAS) and on labs-on-a-chip also fall into this category.In terms of applications, reviews on novel bioanalytical methods based on the use of enzymes, DNAzymes, antibodies, cell slices, to mention the more typical ones, are highly welcome.Articles on subjects related to the areas including genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, high-throughput screening, but also bioinformatics and statistics as they relate to bioanalytical methods are of course also welcome.Reviews cover both fundamental aspects and practical applications.Reviews published in BAR are (a) of wider scope and authoratively written (rather than a record of the research of single authors), (b) critical, but balanced and unbiased; (c) timely, with the latest references.BAR does not publish (a) reviews describing established methods of bioanalysis; (b) reviews that lack wider scope, (c) reviews of mainly theoretical nature.
Communication in the Information Network
2007-06-01

Abstract How can knowledge exchange in computer networks be meaningfully supported? Studies offer insight into the possibilities and risks associated with network‐based group communication, the success of which does not depend on the medium alone
Phase-dependent Landau-Zener effect in asymmetric optical lattices
2007-06-01

We report experimental results on transport properties of Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic optical potentials of variable asymmetry. By studying the Landau-Zener effect and Bloch oscillations, we have explored the band structure of both ratchet-type asymmetric and symmetric optical potentials.
Deflection of slow light in a Stern-Gerlach magnetic field
2007-06-01

Electromagnetically induced transparency allows for light transmission through dense atomic media by means of quantum interference of absorption amplitudes. Media exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency have interesting properties, such as very slow group velocities. Associated with the slow light propagation are quasiparticles, so-called dark polaritons, which are mixtures of a photonic and an atomic contribution. Here, we demonstrate that these excitations behave as particles with a nonzero magnetic moment, which is in clear contrast to the properties of a free photon. It is found that circularily polarized light passing through a rubidium gas cell under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency is deflected by a small magnetic field gradient. The deflection angle is proportional to the propagation time of an optical pulse through the cell. The observed beam deflection can be understood by assuming that dark state polaritons have an effective magnetic moment. This is attributed to the spin wave contribution that develops upon entry of light into the medium. Our experiment can be described in terms of a Stern-Gerlach experiment for the dark polaritons.
Annealing and lattice matching of rare-earth doped crystalline garnet PLD-films
2007-06-01

Rare-earth doped garnets have been widely used in solid-state lasers. Thus, we report on lattice-matched film growth of these materials by the pulsed laser deposition technique. Eu-doped Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sub> (YAG) films grown on sapphire is investigated. In order to obtain additional information, structural characterization by means of X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy has been performed. Also, the positive effect of post-PLD tempering the films at 1200degC has been investigated.
Reconstructive urology
2007-06-01

This is an interesting animal model study comparing the two most common methods of nephrostomy tract dilation in USA; Amplatz sequential fascial (ASF) dilators and balloon dilators.The study aimed to determine whether any significant differences in renal trauma were present between the two techniques both acutely (immediate to 24 hours) and chronically (at 4 to 6 weeks) in pgs.The authors chosen the best animal model for this kind of analysis, since the renal collecting system, the intrarenal arteries and the kidney morphometric parameters are very similar between pigs and humans (1,2).The analysis was macroscopic and microscopic.The histologic examination at 24 hours showed no apparent differences, except for the degree of hemorrhage, which was slightly more in the ASF dilated tracts.However, in the specimen removed at 4 to 6 weeks after ASF dilation, slightly more inflammation with abscess formation was present in the ASF dilated tracts than in the balloon-dilated tracts.The slight differences were not significant and the authors demonstrated that the use of either method of dilation had no difference in terms of the degree of renal parenchymal trauma.Therefore, they concluded that the method of dilation is a matter of physician preference and experience.
The Ig cell adhesion molecule Basigin controls compartmentalization and vesicle release at Drosophila melanogaster synapses
2007-06-04

Synapses can undergo rapid changes in size as well as in their vesicle release function during both plasticity processes and development. This fundamental property of neuronal cells requires the coordinated rearrangement of synaptic membranes and their associated cytoskeleton, yet remarkably little is known of how this coupling is achieved. In a GFP exon-trap screen, we identified Drosophila melanogaster Basigin (Bsg) as an immunoglobulin domain-containing transmembrane protein accumulating at periactive zones of neuromuscular junctions. Bsg is required pre- and postsynaptically to restrict synaptic bouton size, its juxtamembrane cytoplasmic residues being important for that function. Bsg controls different aspects of synaptic structure, including distribution of synaptic vesicles and organization of the presynaptic cortical actin cytoskeleton. Strikingly, bsg function is also required specifically within the presynaptic terminal to inhibit nonsynchronized evoked vesicle release. We thus propose that Bsg is part of a transsynaptic complex regulating synaptic compartmentalization and strength, and coordinating plasma membrane and cortical organization.
Camp Cures (the Stigma of Illness). Escaping the Tyranny of Caring, Charity, and Positive Thinking in Adam Mars-Jones' "Slim"
2007-06-05

In the slang of the caring profession, there is an enduring use of the personal pronoun "we" whose infantilising effect â€“ and I am sure "we" all share this view - is indeed hard to endure. Pronoun it may be, personal it surely isn't. On a larger scale, the inadequacy of this pathetic, in fact pseudo-empathetic, babble becomes increasingly apparent, especially for two reasons whose incompatibility exposes the true dimension of the dilemma. Firstly, this sort of talk excruciatingly extends into an overkill of compassion, well-meaning, and good advice, whose self-righteousness in time results in normative stereotypes of healthy living: positive thinking, creative visualisations, and not least, physical exercise. Secondly and simultaneously, though, this tyranny of caring can barely conceal the fact that illness is still widely viewed as a stigma. Entering the present discourse of HIV and AIDS at this point, one can hardly fail to notice that it is this very stigma that increasingly forces gay men into normative spectacles of health, even though, as Dollimore accurately contends, "contesting these negative representations (homosexuality = pathology = death) could never be just a question of substituting positive ones (homosexuality = health = life)" (Dollimore, Death, Desire and Loss xi). Put simply, there is urgent need for a cure against the stigma of illness, a cure that successfully counters both the debilitating, indeed incapacitating, treatment of the patient and his called-for charade of healthy living. One such cure is camp.
Intensity of HLA class I expression and KIR‐mismatch determine NK‐cell mediated lysis of leukaemic blasts from children with acute lymphatic leukaemia
2007-06-06

Summary The impact of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression intensity and killer‐cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR)‐mismatch was investigated on natural killer (NK)‐cell mediated lysis of B‐lineage leukaemic blasts from 21 paediatric patients in vitro . Blast susceptibility to standardised NK‐activity and HLA‐expression differed widely. A clear association between HLA‐molecules/cell (range 442 000–13 000) and specific lysis (mean 59%, range 13–98%) was observed ( r 2 = 0·68). A compound model incorporating HLA‐expression and KIR‐ligand‐mismatch provided an even stronger association ( r 2 = 0·87), whereas KIR‐ligand‐mismatch alone was not significant. Assessment of these factors might identify patients who could benefit from NK‐mediated graft‐versus‐leukaemia effects after mismatched stem cell transplantation.
Intracardiac Impedance Monitors Hemodynamic Deterioration in a Chronic Heart Failure Pig Model
2007-06-06

Introduction: A large number of heart failure (HF) patients benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy. Measurements of intrathoracic impedance (ITZ) by implantable devices correlate with intrathoracic fluid content and are used for monitoring lung edema formation in HF patients. However, intrathoracic fluid is only an indirect parameter of cardiac function. We hypothesized that changes in intracardiac impedance correlate with left ventricular (LV) volume changes. Therefore, measurements of intracardiac impedance between a right ventricular lead and a LV lead may be used to monitor long‐term changes of LV function. Methods and Results: HF was successfully induced in nine mini‐pigs by continuous high‐rate pacing. Hemodynamic parameters as well as intracardiac impedance and ITZ were measured before HF induction and after 20 ± 5 days of high‐rate pacing. After the pacing period, we found a significant deterioration of hemodynamics, reflected by a reduction of ejection fraction from 71±11% to 48±7% and an increase of LV end diastolic pressure (EDP) from 12 ± 4 mmHg to 26 ± 8 mmHg. Worsening of cardiac function correlated with a significant &gt;30% decrease of end diastolic intracardiac impedance, in accordance with a &gt;20% increase of end diastolic volume (EDV). ITZ decreased by more than 8%. We observed a significant inverse correlation between end diastolic intracardiac impedance and EDP (r =−0.81, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: In this animal model, changes of intracardiac impedance revealed hemodynamic deterioration as reflected by EDV and EDP pressure. Thus, intracardiac impedance is a promising new application to monitor heart failure status within implantable devices.
Spatially resolved photoionization of ultracold atoms on an atom chip
2007-06-06

We report on photo ionization of ultracold magnetically trapped Rb atoms on an atom chip. The atoms are trapped at 5 K in a strongly anisotropic trap. Through a hole in the chip with a diameter of 150 m two laser beams are focussed onto a fraction of the atomic cloud. A first laser beam with a wavelength of 778 nm excites the atoms via a two photon transition to the 5D level. With a fiber laser at 1080 nm the excited atoms are photo ionized. Ionization leads to depletion of the atomic density distribution observed by absorption imaging. The resonant ionization spectrum is reported. The setup used in this experiment is not only suitable to investigate BEC ion mixtures but also single atom detection on an atom chip.
Laparoscopic transhiatal resection of giant epiphrenic esophageal diverticulum
2007-06-09

Epiphrenic diverticula are rare. Their true incidence is unknown. Thoracotomy or thoracoscopy with resection and myotomy is the most common reported approach for the surgical treatment of epiphrenic esophageal diverticula. In patients with large epiphrenic diverticula, the laparoscopic approach is an uncommon procedure. In this case, the laparoscopic transhiatal approach was shown to be safe and effective over with short-term follow-up. However, long-term follow-up of this procedure is needed.
Validation of the German version of the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS-D)
2007-06-11

Fatigue is a very important factor determining the quality of life in patients with malignancies. Cancer fatigue occurs with anaemia, during and after chemo- or radiotherapy and in patients with advanced tumours. The Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) is a three-dimensional inventory with 15 items which was originally developed in Japan. We present the results of a validation study of the German version (CFS-D) of this instrument. The CFS-D was administered to 114 participants in a matched-pair study. In total, 57 (41 women) of the participants had malignant conditions, and 57 (41 women) were healthy volunteers. The Fatigue Numerical Scale was used to test convergence. The physical and performance status of the cancer patients was assessed by the Karnofsky-Index. Criteria for testing multidimensionality were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the questionnaire on autonomic regulation. We generated a three-dimensional inventory of the CFS-D with the subscales physical fatigue/vitality, cognitive and affective fatigue. The reliability results for the complete scale: Cronbach's alpha: r(alpha) = 0.94, retest reliability: r(rt) = 0.82. The convergence criteria correlate between r = 0.44-0.65 (all P < 0.001). The CFS-D is highly reliable and has construct validity in relation to other measures.
Influence of the rotation centre in panoramic radiography
2007-06-11

The aim is to present the curve of the rotation centre in dental panoramic radiography and to examine its influence on organ doses. A screenless film was fixed between the layers of an Alderson Rando phantom in the centre of the mandible. The phantom was positioned in two different X-ray units [Scanora (Soredex, Helsinki, Finland) and Orthophos (Sirona, Bensheim, Germany)] and exposed. Organ doses and effective doses were determined. The curves of the rotation centre showed clear differences especially in the area of the parotid gland. These differences corresponded to the differences in organ doses and in effective doses (Scanora: 29.9 microGy; Orthophos Plus: 14 microGy). Artefacts might be shown (Orthophos, result of a plate osteosynthesis) or not (Scanora) due to the different rotation centres. Differences in organ doses and in image quality, e.g. artefacts, were explained with the curve of the rotation centre and beam geometry.
Three-Dimensional Energy Transport in Highly Luminescent Host−Guest Crystals:  A Quantitative Experimental and Theoretical Study
2007-06-12

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on energy transfer processes in a well-defined three-dimensional host-guest system, which allows for high chromophore concentrations while maintaining the highly luminescent properties of the molecules in solution. The self-assembled, nanostructured system with a defined ratio of included donor and acceptor molecules is amenable to quantitative comparison between experiment and theory. Experimentally, energy migration is monitored by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. From the theoretical side, the energy transfer process is modeled by a Monte Carlo approach including homo and hetero transfer steps with multi-acceptor distribution. In this dense system, the classical Förster point-dipole approach for energy transfer breaks down, and the hopping rates are therefore calculated on the basis of a quantum-chemical description of the donor and acceptor excited states. Thereby, the true directionality of the excitation diffusion is revealed. Excellent agreement with experimental donor and acceptor decays and overall transfer efficiencies is found. Even at low acceptor concentrations (down to 0.1%), efficient energy transfer over distances as large as 25 nm was observed due to rapid energy migration through a series of homo-transfer steps with preference along one direction of the structure.
The Use of a Tunable Light Source (Mini‐Crimescope MCS‐400, SPEX Forensics) in Dissecting Microscopic Detection of Cryptic Epithelial Particles
2007-06-12

Abstract: As skin particles are often deposited by even a single skin contact, the detection of skin debris is important for evidence collection and DNA testing. Unfortunately, even when a dissecting microscope is used by an experienced examiner, epidermal particles are often hard to find and these traces of evidence might escape DNA analysis. Fluorescence is defined as the property of absorbing short‐wavelength light and emitting longer‐wavelength light. By virtue of the fluorescence characteristics of many target materials, tunable light sources assist in the macroscopic search of crime scenes and items. We combined the dissecting microscope and an alternate light source to examine the fluorescence characteristics of skin and skin particles. In a comparative study, small skin scales were hidden between sand, fibers, and soil probes, and it proved possible to search more successfully with less time and effort. On staged casework exhibits, the efficiency of the screening aid was again tested and the usability of the new procedure shown.
Persistence of Cav1.3 Ca2+ Channels in Mature Outer Hair Cells Supports Outer Hair Cell Afferent Signaling
2007-06-13

Outer hair cells (OHCs) are innervated by type II afferent fibers of as yet unknown function. It is still a matter of debate whether OHCs perform exocytosis. If so, they would require presynaptic Ca2+ channels at their basal poles where the type II fibers make contacts. Here we show that L-type Ca2+ channel currents (charge carrier, 10 mM Ba2+) present in neonatal OHCs [postnatal day 1 (P1) to P7] decreased from approximately 170 to approximately 50 pA at approximately the onset of hearing. Ba2+ currents could hardly be measured in mature mouse OHCs because of their high fragility, whereas in the rat, the average Ba2+ current amplitude of apical OHCs was 58 +/- 9 pA (n = 20, P19-P30) compared with that of the inner hair cells (IHCs) of 181 +/- 50 pA (n = 24, P17-P30). Properties of Ba2+ currents of mature OHCs resembled those of neonatal OHCs. One exception was the voltage dependence of activation that shifted between birth and P12 by +9 mV toward positive voltages in OHCs, whereas it remained constant in the IHCs. Ca(v)1.3-specific mRNA was detected in mature OHCs using cell-specific reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and in situ hybridization. Ca(v)1.3 protein was stained exclusively at the base of mature OHCs, in colocalization with the ribbon synapse protein CtBP2 (C-terminal binding protein 2)/RIBEYE. When current sizes were normalized to the estimated number of afferent fibers or presynaptic ribbons, comparable values for IHCs and OHCs were obtained, a finding that together with the colocalization of Ca(v)1.3 and CtBP2/RIBEYE protein strongly suggests a role for Ca(v)1.3 channels in exocytosis of mature OHCs.
Residual platelet activity is increased in clopidogrel- and ASA-treated patients with coronary stenting for acute coronary syndromes compared with stable coronary artery disease
2007-06-13

Objective: To evaluate residual platelet activity in a consecutive cohort of patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stent implantation Design: Prospective single-centre cohort study. Setting: University hospital in Germany. Patients: 480 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (n = 221 (46%) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS; n = 259 (54%) stable angina) were studied. Platelet activity was measured by collagen- (5 μg/ml) and adenosine diphosphate- (ADP; 20 μmol/l) induced platelet aggregation to assess post-treatment activity in patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid (500 mg bolus intravenously followed by 100 mg once a day) and clopidogrel (600 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg once a day) Main outcome measures: Increased residual platelet activity (IRPA) was defined if platelet aggregation was in the upper tertile of values in the patient collective. Association of epidemiological factors with IRPA was evaluated in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: IRPA-ADP was found in 53 patients (11.0%) and IRPA-collagen in 42 patients (8.8%). ACS was associated with IRPA independently from other factors (for IRPA-collagen: odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2 to 4.5, p&lt;0.05; for IRPA-ADP: OR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.3 to 4.4, p&lt;0.01; for IRPA-ADP/collagen: OR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 16.9, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: The data suggest that ACS is independently associated with IRPA despite conventional antiplatelet therapy. Further studies are warranted to demonstrate the effects of intensified antiplatelet therapy for patients with acute coronary events.