julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
ADP-receptor antagonists in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: a pooled IABP-SHOCK II and CULPRIT-SHOCK trial sub-analysis
2021-10-01

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this pooled analysis is to compare the clinical outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock treated with either clopidogrel or the newer, more potent ADP-receptor antagonists prasugrel or ticagrelor. Patients from the Intraaortic Balloon Pump in Cardiogenic Shock II (IABP-SHOCK II) and Culprit Lesion Only PCI versus Multivessel PCI in Cardiogenic Shock (CULPRIT-SHOCK) trial were included. Methods and results For the current analysis, the primary endpoint was 1-year mortality and the secondary safety endpoint was moderate or severe bleedings until hospital discharge with respect to three different ADP-receptor antagonists. Eight hundred fifty-six patients were eligible for analysis. Of these, five hundred seven patients (59.2%) received clopidogrel, one hundred seventy-eight patients (20.8%) prasugrel and one hundred seventy-one patients (20.0%) ticagrelor as acute antiplatelet therapy. The adjusted rate of mortality after 1-year did not differ between prasugrel and clopidogrel (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60–1.09, padj=0.17) or between ticagrelor and clopidogrel treated patients (HR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.65–1.15, padj=0.31). In-hospital bleeding events were significantly less frequent in patients treated with ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel (HR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.20–0.69, padj=0.002) and not different in patients treated with prasugrel vs. clopidogrel (HR: 0.73, 95% CI 0.43–1.24, padj=0.24), see Table 1. Conclusion This pooled sub-analysis is the largest analysis on safety and efficacy of three oral ADP-receptor antagonists and shows that an acute therapy with either clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor is no predictor of 1-year mortality. Treatment with ticagrelor seems to be associated with less in-hospital moderate and severe bleeding events in comparison to clopidogrel. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): German Heart FoundationEuropean Union 7th Framework Program
Tackling the Background Bias in Sparse Object Detection via Cropped Windows
2021-10-01

Object detection on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is still a challenging task. The recordings are mostly sparse and contain only small objects. In this work, we propose a simple tiling method that improves the detection capability in the remote sensing case without modifying the model itself. By reducing the background bias and enabling the usage of higher image resolutions during training, our method can improve the performance of models substantially. The procedure was validated on three different data sets and outperformed similar approaches in performance and speed.
Concurrent Discrimination and Alignment for Self-Supervised Feature Learning
2021-10-01

Existing self-supervised learning methods learn representation by means of pretext tasks which are either (1) discriminating that explicitly specify which features should be separated or (2) aligning that precisely indicate which features should be closed together, but ignore the fact how to jointly and principally define which features to be repelled and which ones to be attracted. In this work, we combine the positive aspects of the discriminating and aligning methods, and design a hybrid method that addresses the above issue. Our method explicitly specifies the repulsion and attraction mechanism respectively by discriminative predictive task and concurrently maximizing mutual information between paired views sharing redundant information. We qualitatively and quantitatively show that our proposed model learns better features that are more effective for the diverse downstream tasks ranging from classification to semantic segmentation. Our experiments on nine established benchmarks show that the proposed model consistently outperforms the existing state-of-the-art results of self-supervised and transfer learning protocol.
786 Fertility-sparing and minimally invasive surgery in patients with stage I malignant ovarian germ cell tumours in Germany
2021-10-01

<h3>Introduction/Background*</h3> Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (OGCT) often affect women of younger age at an early stage of disease who may desire fertility conservation. The Arbeitsgemeinschaft fuer Gynaekologische Onkologie (AGO) has established a clinicopathological (Current Ovarian geRm cell and SEx cord stromal Tumour Treatment strategies, CORSETT) database to describe treatment strategies and outcomes for these women. <h3>Methodology</h3> 20 German centres entered mixed retro- and prospective data of 56 FIGO stage I OGCT patients treated between 2000 to 2014 into the CORSETT database. An independent CORSETT pathology reference panel re-evaluated the primary histological diagnosis. A descriptive analysis of the treatment strategies, pregnancy rates and disease recurrence was conducted. <h3>Result(s)*</h3> Median age at diagnosis of patients with malignant dysgerminoma, mixed OGCT and teratoma was 28 (IQR 26 – 33), 33 (30 – 40) and 38 (29 – 44) years. FIGO IA/IB/IC stage distribution was 13/2/11 for dysgerminoma, 3/0/9 for mixed OGCT and 8/0/8 for teratoma patients. Laparoscopy was performed for 23 (69.7%) dysgerminoma, six (35.3%) mixed OGCT and eight (40%) teratoma patients and fertility-sparing surgery was provided for &gt; 80% of all FIGO I OGCT patients. Intra-operative cyst rupture occurred in six (19.4%) dysgerminoma, five (41.6%) mixed OGCT and four (25.5%) teratoma patients and adjuvant chemotherapy was consequently given in one (3.5%) dysgerminoma, nine (81.2%) mixed OGCT and eight (47%) teratoma patients. Four (14.3%) dysgerminoma, three (27. 3%) mixed OGCT and four (23.5%) teratoma patients conceived after first line treatment. The disease reoccurred in two (7.1%) dysgerminoma, five (45.5%) mixed OGCT and two (11.8%) teratoma patients, predominantly intraperitoneally. No FIGO I OGCT patient died due to disease recurrence. <h3>Conclusion*</h3> Women with mixed OGCTs had a high risk of intra-operative cyst rupture and high recurrence rates despite FIFO stage I disease. These events had no impact though on overall survival rates.
Mechanically Tunable Nanogap Antennas: Single‐Structure Effects and Multi‐Structure Applications (Advanced Optical Materials 20/2021)
2021-10-01

Plasmonic nanogap antennas offer attractive properties in terms of their adjustable coupling and high electric near-fields within the gap region, e.g. for sensing purposes or plasmon rulers. By changing the width of a nanometer gap, the coupling condition, plasmon resonance wavelength, and hotspot intensity can be seamlessly modified. In their Review (article number 2100326), Florian Laible, Anke Horneber and Monika Fleischer highlight recent realizations and applications of single-structure and mechanically tunable nanogap antennas based on flexible substrates, break junctions, or alternative stimuli.
Interactive Analysis of CNN Robustness
2021-10-01

Abstract While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have found wide adoption as state‐of‐the‐art models for image‐related tasks, their predictions are often highly sensitive to small input perturbations, which the human vision is robust against. This paper presents Perturber, a web‐based application that allows users to instantaneously explore how CNN activations and predictions evolve when a 3D input scene is interactively perturbed. Perturber offers a large variety of scene modifications, such as camera controls, lighting and shading effects, background modifications, object morphing, as well as adversarial attacks, to facilitate the discovery of potential vulnerabilities. Fine‐tuned model versions can be directly compared for qualitative evaluation of their robustness. Case studies with machine learning experts have shown that Perturber helps users to quickly generate hypotheses about model vulnerabilities and to qualitatively compare model behavior. Using quantitative analyses, we could replicate users’ insights with other CNN architectures and input images, yielding new insights about the vulnerability of adversarially trained models.
113 Improved preoperative risk stratification in endometrial cancer: External validation of the ENDORISK network model in a population-based case series
2021-10-01

<h3>Introduction/Background*</h3> Preoperative risk stratification of newly diagnosed endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients has been hindered by only moderate prediction performance for many years. Recently ENDORISK, a Bayesian network (BN) model using easily accessible biomarkers, showed increased predictive performance when compared to current guidelines. It was the aim of this study to validate ENDORISK by applying a locked-down model to a population-based case series of endometrial carcinoma patients. <h3>Methodology</h3> We assessed a retrospective cohort of women from the Tuebingen University Women's Hospital surgically treated for EC from 2003-2013. Minimal requirements for using ENDORISK were: availability of preoperative tumour grade, at least 3 of ER, PR, p53 or L1CAM immunohistochemical biomarkers, at least 1 preoperative marker (PAP, CT-scan, CA125 or thrombocyte count), pathologic examination of lymph nodes, and 5-year disease specific survival data (DSS). ENDORISK was applied and prediction accuracy of lymph node metastasis (LNM) as well as 5-year DSS was investigated. The model's overall performance was quantified by the Brier score, discriminative performance was measured based on the area under the curve. <h3>Result(s)*</h3> A complete data set was evaluable from 247 patients. Median patient age was 64yrs (33-90), 78.1% cases were endometrioid histotype. Grade distribution included 87 (35.2%) G1, 106 (42.9%) G2, and 54 (21.9%) G3 tumours. 156 (63.2%) patients had stage IA disease, with the remaining stage IB (n=52;21.1%), stage II (n=12;4.9%), and stage III/IV (n=27;10.9%). AUC for LNM prediction was 0.851 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.761-0.941) and 0.698 (95% CI 0.595-0.800) for 5-year DSS. The Brier scores were 0.06 for LNM and 0.09 for 5-year DSS, respectively. In 156 patients (63.2%) LNM prediction was ≤ 5% (false-negative rate 0.6%). <h3>Conclusion*</h3> We have successfully demonstrated ENDORISK prediction of LNM and 5-year DSS in a large single-centre population-based cohort using preoperative clinical and biomarker data. Next steps will now have to focus on ENDORISK performance in clinical practice environments, e.g. dealing with missing data. Incorporating molecular profiling will be of key importance for future extended use. This external validation study reinforces previous findings and may support further promoting of data-based decision-making tools in EC research and patient care.
576 Ovarian carcinoma precursor lesions in a walk-in series of opportunistic and prophylactic salpingectomies at the Tuebingen women’s hospital
2021-10-01

<h3>Introduction/Background*</h3> Epithelial ovarian cancer is nowadays recognized to encompass five major disease entities with High Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma representing the most common histologic type. The majority of these cancers originate from fallopian tube precursor lesions including serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC), serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL), epithelia with a p53 signature and secretory cell outgrowths (SCOUT). Accordingly it has been suggested that removal of the fallopian tubes, even in women at baseline risk for ovarian cancer may reduce the incidence of this deadly disease. On the other hand risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy remains the gold standard for primary prevention of ovarian carcinoma in women at increased risk. Here we aim to investigate the frequency of such precursor lesions in a consecutive series of women undergoing surgery for benign pelvic diseases or primary risk-reduction. <h3>Methodology</h3> Patients in which uterine adnexa were removed during elective gynecologic procedures (=opportunistic salpingectomy, oSE) and women undergoing risk-reducing surgery (=prophylactic salpingectomy, pSE) were identified. Serially sectioning and extensively sampling of the fimbriated end (SEE-FIM protocol) was applied in all cases, additional routine p53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was performed in pSE specimens. Histopathologic findings and clinical data were collected. <h3>Result(s)*</h3> A total of 457 cases treated at the Tuebingen University Women's hospital between 1.3.2019-31.1.2020 was available for further research. 399 patients underwent oSE (87,31%) and 58 surgeries (12,69%) were performed for primary prevention. Median patient age was 49 years (30-83) in the oSE-group and 46 years (29-63) in the pSE-group. After oSE precursor lesion were identified in 8 patients (2,01%) including STIC (n=1), STIL (n=1), SCOUT (n=4) and p53-signature (n=2). In patients with increased risk for ovarian cancer 6 lesions (10,34%) were detected (STIC:n=1; p53-signature:n=5). <h3>Conclusion*</h3> We were able to demonstrate a relevant number of ovarian carcinoma precursor lesions in a walk-in series of opportunistic and prophylactic salpingectomies. In concordance with published data a higher number of precursor lesions was found after pSE. Further studies will now investigate the impact of specialized pathology review and additional immunohistochemistry (p53/Ki-67) in oSE specimens.
Omar Farahat, The Foundation of Norms in Islamic Jurisprudence and Theology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019, 247 S., ISBN 9781108701471.
2021-10-01

Article Omar Farahat, The Foundation of Norms in Islamic Jurisprudence and Theology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2019, 247 S., ISBN 9781108701471. was published on October 1, 2021 in the journal Der Islam (volume 98, issue 2).
Andrea De Leeuw van Weenen: AM 677 4°. Four Early Translations of Theological Texts: Gregory the Great’s Gospel Homilies, Gregory the Great’s Dialogues, Prosper’s Epigrams, De XII Abusivis Saeculi, edited and morphologically analysed by Andrea de Leeuw van Weenen
2021-10-01

Article Andrea De Leeuw van Weenen: AM 677 4°. Four Early Translations of Theological Texts: Gregory the Great’s Gospel Homilies, Gregory the Great’s Dialogues, Prosper’s Epigrams, De XII Abusivis Saeculi, edited and morphologically analysed by Andrea de Leeuw van Weenen was published on October 1, 2021 in the journal European Journal of Scandinavian Studies (volume 51, issue 2).
855 Treatment strategies, disease recurrence and survival of women with malignant sex cord-stromal cell tumours in Germany
2021-10-01

<h3>Introduction/Background*</h3> Malignant sex cord-stromal cell tumours (SCST) account for about 7% of all ovarian malignancies and higher-level evidence on these tumours is scarce. The Arbeitsgemeinschaft fuer Gynaekologische Onkologie (AGO) has established a clinico-pathological database (Current Ovarian geRm cell and SEx cord stromal Tumour Treatment strategies, CORSETT) for this rare disease. <h3>Methodology</h3> 20 German centres entered mixed retro- and prospective data of SCST patients treated between 2000 to 2014 into the CORSETT database. Descriptive analyses of the treatment strategies, Kaplan-Meier curves and cox regression analyses for the survival analysis were conducted. Tumour reference pathology was provided. <h3>Result(s)*</h3> 235 patients with granulosa cell tumour (GCT, median age 52 years) and 24 patients with sertoli-leydig cell tumour (SLCT, median age 33.5 years) were included. Main surgical treatment strategy was laparoscopy (50.9%) and fertility-sparing surgery was performed in 105 GCT (54.9%) and in 14 (58.3%) SLCT patients. In 38 GCT (23.6%) and two (9.25%) SLCT patients, the tumour ruptured intra-operatively. 44 GCT (18.7%) and two (8.3%) SLCT patients received adjuvant systemic treatment (most common regimen: paclitaxel/carboplatinum, 52.3%). Median PFS was 80.4 months (95% CI 67.8 – 99.6) in GCT and was not reached in SLCT patients. 105 GCT patients (44.5%) experienced disease recurrence. Advanced FIGO stage (p = 0.04) and intra-operative cyst rupture (p = 0.02) was associated with disease recurrence. <h3>Conclusion*</h3> Fertility-sparing surgery was offered in most SCST patients in Germany over the past years, and intra-operative tumour rupture occurred in almost every fourth GCT patient. The most commonly applied adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was taxane and carboplatinum, which had however no effect on disease recurrence. Despite excellent overall survival rates in GCT and SLCT patients, recurrence rate in GCT patients was high.
991 Fertility sparing surgery in cervical cancer patients outside controlled trials – a multicenter retrospective cohort trial (CEEGOG Cx-03; ENGOT-CX14)
2021-10-01

<h3>Introduction/Background*</h3> According to current guidelines fertility-sparing treatment (FST) in cervical cancer patients should follow the same principles as in patients without fertility preservation. The literature from the last years, however, show a trend towards less-radical procedures. Although oncological outcomes are reported to be equal or better than in non-FST, published groups are small, mostly single institutional, inclusion criteria vary, and treatment is not uniform. The aim of this study was to collect retrospective data from multiple institutions across several countries on oncological and reproductive outcomes after FST. <h3>Methodology</h3> Included were cervical cancer patients between 18–40 years with stages ≥ IA1+LVSI, who underwent any type of FST and completed follow-up of at least 6 months. Patients were eligible irrespective of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, histotype or tumour grade. <h3>Result(s)*</h3> Altogether 733 patients from 44 centers in 13 countries were eligible for analyses. Median follow-up of the whole cohort was 6 years (1.2–14.5). More than half of the cases had stage IB1 (54.2%; 397/733). Mean age of patients was 32 years and two thirds were nulliparous (484/733). Most common surgical procedure was conization (48%). Repeated cervical surgery was performed in 161 patients (21.9%), most frequently re-conization (57.8%). Less than half of the patients (49.2%; 361/733) attempted to conceive after treatment. Out of them, 138 (38.2%) got pregnant and 100 (27.7%) successfully delivered. Pre-cancer recurrence was diagnosed in 22 (3%) patients, 51 (7%) patients had cancer recurrence and 19 (2.6%) died of disease. Three times higher risk of recurrence was observed in tumours ≥ 2 cm in comparison to smaller tumours (19.4% vs. 5.7%; p&lt;0.001). The most frequent locations of recurrence were cervix (53%) and pelvic nodes (22%). Median DFI for invasive recurrence reached 18 months. <h3>Conclusion*</h3> Data from the real life practice showed that FST in cervical cancer patients is safe in patients with HPV related tumours smaller than 2 cm. In such tumours conization represents sufficient procedure with satisfactory pregnancy outcomes. Surprisingly less than half of patients attempt to conceive after treatment.
Indicators of Training Success in Virtual Reality Using Head and Eye Movements
2021-10-01

An essential aspect in the evaluation of Virtual Training Environments (VTEs) is the assessment of users' training success, preferably in real-time, e.g. to continuously adapt the training or to provide feedback. To achieve this, leveraging users' behavioral data has been shown to be a valid option. Behavioral data include sensor data from eye trackers, head-mounted displays, and hand-held controllers, as well as semantic data like a trainee's focus on objects of interest within a VTE. While prior works investigated the relevance of mostly one and in rare cases two behavioral data sources at a time, we investigate the benefits of the combination of three data sources. We conduct a user study with 48 participants in an industrial training task to find correlations between training success and measures extracted from different behavioral data sources. We show that all individual data sources, i.e. eye gaze position and head movement, as well as duration of objects in focus are related to training success. Moreover, we find that simultaneously considering multiple behavioral data sources allows to better explain training success. Further, we show that training outcomes can already be predicted significantly better than chance by only recording trainees for parts of their training. This could be used for dynamically adapting a VTE's difficulty. Finally, our work further contributes to reaching the long-term goal of substituting traditional evaluation of training success (e.g. through pen-and-paper tests) with an automated approach.
Finite Element Modelling of a Hearing Contact Lens Coupled to the Middle Ear
2021-10-01

Abstract Hearing contact lens (HCL) is a new type of hearing aid devices. One of its main components is a piezoelectric actuator (PEA). In order to evaluate and maximize the HCL’s performance, a model of the HCL coupled to the middle ear was developed using finite element (FE) approach. To validate the model, vibrational measurements on the HCL and temporal bones were performed using a Laser-Doppler-Vibrometer (LDV). The model was validated step by step starting with HCL only. Then a silicone cap was fitted onto the HCL to provide an interface between the HCL and the tympanic membrane. The HCL was placed on the tympanic membrane and additional measurements were performed to validate the coupled model. The model was used to evaluate the sensitivity of geometrical and material parameters with respect to performance measures of the HCL. Moreover, deeper insight was gained into the feedback behavior, which causes whistling sounds, and the contact between the HCL and tympanic membrane.
Kepler’s Research in Astrology and his Horoscope Collection
2021-10-01

Culture and Cosmos 28 seats of the mother's or father's nativity, or to the same configurations and remind the soul of themselves and of their heavenly imprint. 3 Kepler's horoscope collection is accompanied by his own compilation of historical data, such as the birth information for the Imperial Prince, Duke of Krumau Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg.The inclusion of this horoscope in the collection does not seem accidental.There are similarities in the biographies and philosophical views of Kepler and Eggenberg; for instance, Eggenberg's attempt to realize a political, philosophical and architectural program worthy of a perfect ruler coincides with Kepler's program of political astrology.Background: Kepler's philosophy Kepler's thinking was influenced by three separate but related factors: first, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola's (1463-1494) sceptical text, Disputations against Divinatory Astrology; second Nicholas Copernicus's (1473-1543) heliocentric world system; and third, his own Lutheran theology.These influences and debates formed a new astrological paradigm that prompted Kepler to attempt a reform of traditional astrology.Kepler first encountered Copernicus's work while he was studying at the University of Tübingen under the guidance of the famous mathematician and astronomer Michael Maestlin (1550-1631).In his Mysterium Cosmographicum (The Secret of the Universe), published in 1596, Kepler remarked that, ... six years ago [in 1590], when I worked under the direction of the very famous Master Michael Maestlin at Tubingen, I was disturbed by the many disadvantages in the usual opinion about the universe; also I was delighted by Copernicus, whom my Master often mentioned in his lectures. 4