julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Josuazeit und Richterzeit
2012-06-01

The article seeks to prove that Jdc 2,6–10 forms a unity because of its clear composition and structure. The proximity of its language and content to texts of Deuteronomy (v. 7f) and the Deuteronomistic History (v. 6) supports the literary attribution of vv. 6–10 to the Deuteronomist. The comparison with Jos 24,28–31 shows that Jdc 2,6–10 presupposes Jos 24,28–31. The resumption of Jos 24,28–31 can be explained by Jdc 1,1–36; 2,1–5. This why Jos 24,28–31 was taken up and the contradiction in regard to Joshua’s death was accepted. The time of Joshua as the time of ideal communion with God is contrasted to the time of the Judges as the time when God was forgotten. L’étude voudrait prouver que Jdc 2,6–10 forme une unité à cause de sa composition et de sa structure évidentes. La proximité linguistique et de contenu par rapport au Deutéronome (vv. 7s.) et à l’oeuvre historique deuteronomiste (v. 6) plaident en faveur d’une attribution des vv. 6–10 au Deutéronomiste. La comparaison avec Jos 24,28–31 montre que Jdc 2,6–10 présuppose Jos 24,28–31. La reprise et le développement de Jos 24,28–31 s’expliquent par Jdc 1,1–36; 2,1–5. Pour cette raison, Jos 24,28–31 a été révisé et la contradiction concernant la mort de Josué a été approuvée. Le temps de Josué est présenté comme le temps de la communauté idéale avec Dieu, par opposition avec le temps de l’oubli de Dieu. Die Studie möchte nachweisen, dass aufgrund des klaren Aufbaus und der Struktur Jdc 2,6–10 eine Einheit bilden. Die sprachliche und inhaltliche Nähe zu Texten aus dem Deuteronomium (V. 7f.) und dem deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk (V. 6) sprechen für die literarische Zuordnung von V. 6–10 zum Deuteronomisten. Der Vergleich mit Jos 24,28–31 zeigt, dass Jdc 2,6–10 den Abschnitt Jos 24,28–31 voraussetzt. Die Wiederaufnahme und Weiterführung von Jos 24,28–31 ist mit Jdc 1,1–36 und 2,1–5 zu erklären. Deshalb wurde Jos 24,28–31 aufgenommen und der Widerspruch bezüglich des Todes Josuas in Kauf genommen. Die Josuazeit wird als Zeit der idealen Gottesgemeinschaft derjenigen der Richterzeit als Zeit der Gottvergessenheit gegenübergestellt.
Mediality: Aspects of contextual media reception
2012-06-01

In light of developments within the field of media theory, a certain consensus has evolved in favour of approaches like mediatization and mediation. While these approaches above all focus on societal change from a media-dependent point of view, this article addresses the reverse side of these processes, asking about media users' appropriation of media in order to experience sociality that has only just been enabled by media-use. This awareness of medial terms and conditions is characterized as recipients' acknowledgment as well as utilization of medial constraints, which is subsequently referred to as mediality.
Neuronal representation of number and proportion in the primate brain
2012-06-01

Abstract Number symbols have allowed humans to develop superior mathematical skills that are a hallmark of technologically advanced cultures. Findings in animal cognition, developmental psychology, and anthropology indicate that these numerical skills are rooted in nonlinguistic biological primitives. Recent studies in human and nonhuman primates using a broad range of methodologies provide evidence that numerical information is represented and processed by regions of the prefrontal and posterior parietal lobes, where single neurons are tuned to preferred absolute quantities. Until recently, data exploring ratios of quantities, as in proportions and fractions, were comparatively sparse. New data derived with complementary methods and from different model systems now shed light on the mechanisms of magnitude ratio representations. A coding scheme for proportions has emerged that is highly reminiscent of the representation of absolute number. The magnitude code is automatic, independent of language and the format of presentation. These findings suggest that the primate brain houses a phylogenetically old network for the representation of quantity that, during the course of human evolution, has been coopted to build our remarkable sense of number.
Optimized software mapping for advanced driver assistance systems
2012-06-01

In this paper, we present a novel approach for automated latency-optimized mapping of processes onto cores of NoC-based MPSoCs. During the mapping determination, the routing algorithm for packet-based communication is taken into account. The basic idea of the presented approach is the reduction of communication conflicts on the communication network links for reducing the overall communication latency and hence for increasing the total system performance. The presented approach is based on the idea of force-directed scheduling (FDS) from high-level synthesis. It maps the problem of conflict avoidance to forces for deriving an optimized process mapping. We present results obtained from two advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), a traffic sign recognition and a depth map computation for a stereo camera system used for object recognition. As hardware platform we used a Tilera TILEPro64 processor system.
SU‐E‐T‐490: Comparison of XVMC Monte Carlo Dose Calculations with Eclipse AAA Calculations for RapidArc Plans
2012-06-01

Purpose: The consistency between the AAA and XVMC algorithm in the treatment planning for RapidArc is investigated. While the majority of the radiation field is blocked by the MLC system, multiple small dose islands with MLC opened only slightly can be observed in one control point. This raises questions on how accurate the clinically used AAA algorithm in Eclipse is able to calculate RapidArc dose distributions. The fast Monte Carlo Code XVMC was used as a benchmark to test the AAA algorithm. Methods: RadpidArc plans of 25 patients were calculated with AAA and XVMC. The patient cohort consisted of 4 different cancer sites (H&amp;N, upper abdominal, lung, prostate). Dose distributions, PTV and OAR coverage were compared looking at the PTV mean dose Dmean, the volume V95% of the PTV receiving 95% of the prescribed dose, the dose D95% delivered to 95% of the PTV Volume, the percentage PTV mean dose with respect to the prescribed dose Dmean/prescr and OAR mean dose. Results: The recalculation of RapidArc plans yielded good agreement of both calculation algorithms for treatment plans of all four cancer sites. PTV mean dose differences of AAA and XVMC were found to be in between −0.11% and 4.89% of the prescribed dose. The mean dose difference found was 0.48±0.77 Gy. Local dose differences were found when comparing dose distributions in regions of big mass density differences and in high dose regions. One head and neck plan and one prostate plan revealed significant differences in PTV coverage (ΔDmean=3.25 Gy) and OAR mean dose (prostate mean dose −13.71 Gy) respectively. Conclusions: The vast majority of treatment plans calculated with the AAA algorithm were found to agree within the expected and acceptable tolerances compared to XVMC results. Nevertheless in some cases dose differences were observed that could be of clinical significance. This work was funded by a Varian grant. Wolfram Laub is working in the physics group of CMS.
Modeling and evaluation of address resolution scalability in VPLS
2012-06-01

More and more services are provided by large data centers with a potentially very large number of physical or virtual hosts. As the number of hosted services and service consumers increases, also the number of hosts inside a data center raises to cope with the increasing end-user demand. Current data center networks are usually based on Ethernet and mechanisms like load balancing or redundancy between data centers require a transparent connection of these Ethernet networks over a Wide Area Network (WAN). Due to the large number of hosts, these interconnected data center networks face scalability problems on different protocol layers. One such issue, which is currently discussed within the IETF, is the scalability of the link layer Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). This paper studies the control traffic caused by address resolution for interconnected data centers. We develop an analytical model for the ARP traffic between data center locations that takes into account the number of hosts and connected sites. This model can then be used to quantify the ARP traffic for a data center interconnect solution. As an example, we apply our model to Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS). In addition, we study how an ARP proxy can improve the overall scalability, and we show that a proxy significantly reduces the ARP traffic at VPLS switches.
Gravitational waves from strongly magnetised neutron stars
2012-06-01

Strongly magnetised neutron stars are prime candidates for multi-messenger astronomy given their proximity and regular, energetic flaring events. We present non-linear, ideal MHD simulations of strongly magnetised neutron stars in general relativity that are models for post-flare internal dynamics of these stars. In particular, magnetic field instabilities are used to trigger global reconfigurations of the magnetic field, which in turn excites both fluid and Alfvén modes throughout the star. These simulations are discussed in the context of gravitational wave emissions and detectability for ground-based gravitational wave detectors.
Early sign of hemodynamic insufficiency in the MCA watershed territories
2012-06-01

a 68-year-old right-handed man presented hours after acute onset of left hand and leg weakness.During a 6-week period preceding admission he had experienced at least 2 sudden onset episodes of an isolated paresthesia of the left ring finger.Each persisted for approximately 2 minutes and the patient did not seek medical attention for it.He had a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, but no previous stroke.Clinical examination showed mild left hemiparesis, symmetric monosynaptic reflexes, and hypesthesia of the left hand, this time affecting all fingers.There were no signs of peripheral nerve lesion-sensitive or motor-and no change of or new paresthesia under provocation tests for entrapment neuropathies.MRI of the head and neck with diffusion-weighted sequences and angiography showed isolated right middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis and multiple acute infarctions in its watershed territories, involving the right corona radiata and cortical and subcortical white matter of the right fronto-parieto-occipital lobes (figure ,A).Routine blood tests, chest radiography, ECG, long-term ECG, and EEG were normal.Transthoracic echocardiogram indicated beginning hypertensive heart disease, no cardiac thrombus or valvular dysfunction.The following day, he received successful angioplasty and stenting of the symptomatic MCA stenosis (figure , B andC).Treated before publication of the SAMMPRIS 1 trial data, follow-up of this patient to date is without further ischemic events or complications under antiplatelet therapy.Cerebral watershed infarcts typically involve the junction of the distal fields of the nonanastamosing territories of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery and account for approximately 10% of cerebral ischemias. 2Untreated MCA stenosis is associated with a high rate of stroke recurrence 3 and warning TIAs are common. 3ecognized pathogenetic factors are hemodynamic impairment and microembolism. 2 We report a case of unilateral watershed infarction due to MCA stenosis with prodromal isolated paresthesia of 1 ring finger.Pseudoperipheral sensory-motor deficits due to CNS lesions were described as early as 1909. 4In a more recent MRI study on cortical infarction with weakness restricted to particular groups of fingers, 5 predominant ulnar finger involvement was closely
Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo, Luis Alcalá & Luis Luque (ed.). Peninj: a research project on human origins (1995–2005). xx+284 pages, 199 illustrations, 7 colour plates, 53 tables. 2009. Oxford & Oakville (CT): Oxbow for American School of Prehistoric Research; 978-1-84217-382-4 hardback £ 20.
2012-06-01

Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo, Luis Alcalá &amp; Luis Luque (ed.). Peninj: a research project on human origins (1995–2005). xx+284 pages, 199 illustrations, 7 colour plates, 53 tables. 2009. Oxford &amp; Oakville (CT): Oxbow for American School of Prehistoric Research; 978-1-84217-382-4 hardback £ 20. - Volume 86 Issue 332
The Contribution of area V5+/hMT+ to the awareness of motion during binocular rivalry
2012-06-01

Introduction: Certain areas of the brain are known to be specialized for processing distinct stimulus types. For example, area V5/MT is crucial for processing and perception of visual motion, and regions in the fusiform gyrus (e.g. FFA) are important for processing and perception of faces. When a face is presented to one eye, and visual motion to the other, conscious perception alternates between the two in a random sequence, such that only one of the two is perceived and the other suppressed (a process termed binocular rivalry). It is an unresolved question whether and how activity in the distinct regions specialized for the stimuli contributes to conscious perception during rivalry. It is known however that stimulus-specific responses in these areas can be observed even when subjects are not aware of the stimulus. Methods: In the current study we investigated the role of motion-processing area V5/MT+ in the awareness of motion and of faces during binocular rivalry. We interfered with ongoing neural activity in V5+/MT+ by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 12 human subjects while they reported their perceptual alternations between visual motion and a static face stimulus, each presented to a different eye. Results: We found that compared to a control condition in which a neutral site (vertex) was stimulated using TMS, the stimulation of V5+/MT+ did not affect the duration of motion perception periods, but instead lengthened the phases during which the face was perceived (and motion suppressed). Conclusions: The observed effect is equivalent to that when the stimulus-strength of one of the two competing stimuli, in this case visual motion, is weakened (e.g. by reducing contrast, luminance or motion speed) (Levelt, 1966). Our findings suggest that activity in V5+/MT+ contributes to the on-going competition for perceptual dominance in binocular rivalry, and that injecting noise into it has effects similar to those of reducing the stimulus strength of the visual motion display. To our knowledge this is the first direct manipulation of activity in a functionally specialized visual area with consequences on conscious perception during binocular rivalry.
Monte-Carlo Simulations of the Suzaku-XRS Residual Background Spectrum
2012-06-01

Cryogenic micro-calorimeters are suitable to detect small amounts of energy deposited by electromagnetic and nuclear interactions, which makes them attractive in a variety of applications on ground and in space. The only X-ray microcalorimeter that operated in orbit to date is the X-Ray Spectrometer on-board of the Japanese Suzaku satellite. We discuss the analysis of the components of its residual background spectrum with the support of Monte-Carlo simulations.
Tracing the Path from Personality — via Cooperativeness — to Conservation
2012-06-04

Ecological behaviour is often conceptualized as an instance of cooperating in a social dilemma situation. Thus, it has been argued to relate to dispositional tendencies of moral virtue and pro–social orientation. To embed such notions in models of basic personality, we herein predicted that the recently proposed sixth basic personality factor, Honesty–Humility — which specifically pertains to individual differences in cooperativeness — is linked to environmental attitudes and ecological behaviour. Results from two studies ( N = 137 and N = 531, respectively) supported these hypotheses and showed that Honesty–Humility explains incremental variance beyond the remaining, more classical five factors of personality. In addition, mediation analyses revealed that Honesty–Humility exerts part of its influence via individual differences in pro–social value orientations. Individual tendencies to cooperate in social dilemma situations could thus be shown to form a bridge between basic personality dimensions and ecological behaviour. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
In vivo imaging reveals novel aspects of retinal disease progression in Rs1h−/Y mice but no therapeutic effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition
2012-06-04

Abstract Purpose X‐linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) is the most common juvenile maculopathy in men and is caused by mutations in the gene encoding retinoschisin ( RS1 ). Evidence in the literature on the therapeutic effect of carboanhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) to treat schisis formation in the retina has remained equivocal. Here, we evaluate the effect of the CAI dorzolamide on the structural and functional disease progression in the mouse model for XLRS ( Rs1h −/y ). Methods Rs1h −/y mice were treated unilaterally with dorzolamide eye drops (Trusopt ® 20 mg/mL) every 12 h for 2 weeks starting on postnatal day 14 ( n = 27). Changes of retinal structure were monitored by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and spectral domain optical coherence tomography 12 h, 14 days, 4 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months after completion of the treatment. Results Schisis formation (peak at 3 months) preceded photoreceptor degeneration and hyper‐fluorescence (peak at 7 months). Structural pathology was most severe in the superior hemi‐retina with previously unreported hyper‐fluorescent lesions. Quantitative analysis showed no significant differences regarding the inner or outer retinal thickness of the treated vs. untreated eyes 12 h after the completion of treatment (IRT 12 h = −1.29 ± 1.89 μm; ORT 12 h = 0.61 ± 2.08 μm; mean ± 95%CI) or at any later time point. Conclusion Time line analysis after short‐term treatment with CAI failed to show short‐, intermediate‐, or long‐term evidence of structural improvement in Rs1h −/y mice. Schisis formation in the inner retina peaked at the age of 3 months and was followed by photoreceptor degeneration predominantly in the superior hemi‐retina. Previously unreported hyper‐fluorescent lesions co‐register with structural retinal pathologies.
Overexpression of AtHsfB4 induces specific effects on root development of Arabidopsis
2012-06-05

The functions of plant class B-heat shock factors (Hsfs) are not well understood. Hsfs belonging to this group differ from class A-Hsfs in structural features of the oligomerization domain and by the absence of a typical AHA motif for transcriptional activation. AtHsfB4 is expressed in different parts of the plants with highest levels in root tissue. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing (OE) HsfB4 by CaMV-35S-promoter showed massively enhanced levels of Hsf mRNAs. The root surface of OE-plants was rough and cells became detached. Crossings with cell type specific root marker lines and confocal laser scanning microscopy provided clear evidence for a duplication of cells in the ground tissue and ectopic layers of lateral root cap (LRC) cells in HsfB4-OE plants. A duplication of endodermis cells occurs already during embryonic development, while the ectopic LRC cells are only detected during postembryonic growth. The mutant phenotypes of Hsf-OE plants are without precedence and indicate that class B-Hsfs may play an important role in root development.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Is Enhanced in Acute Coronary Syndromes and Is Associated with the Inflammatory Response
2012-06-05

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation promotes atherosclerosis in cardiovascular disease and is a major prognostic factor for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is involved in the progress of atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization and plays a pivotal role in the development of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Little is known to date about the clinical impact of MIF in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS: In a pilot study, 286 patients with symptomatic CAD (n = 119 ACS, n = 167 stable CAD) undergoing PCI were consecutively evaluated. 25 healthy volunteers served as control. Expression of MIF was consecutively measured in patients at the time of PCI. Baseline levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), "regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted" (RANTES) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured by Bio-Plex Cytokine assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined by Immunoassay. Patients with ACS showed higher plasma levels of MIF compared to patients with stable CAD and control subjects (median 2.85 ng/mL, interquartile range (IQR) 3.52 versus median 1.22 ng/mL, IQR 2.99, versus median 0.1, IQR 0.09, p<0.001). Increased MIF levels were associated with CRP and IL-6 levels and correlated with troponin I (TnI) release (spearman rank coefficient: 0.31, p<0.001). Patients with ACS due to plaque rupture showed significantly higher plasma levels of MIF than patients with flow limiting stenotic lesions (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge this is the first study, demonstrating enhanced expression of MIF in ACS. It is associated with established inflammatory markers, correlates with the extent of cardiac necrosis marker release after PCI and is significantly increased in ACS patients with "culprit" lesions. Further attempts should be undertaken to characterize the role of MIF for risk assessment in the setting of ACS.
A Fluorescent Chromatophore Changes the Level of Fluorescence in a Reef Fish
2012-06-06

Body coloration plays a major role in fish ecology and is predominantly generated using two principles: a) absorbance combined with reflection of the incoming light in pigment colors and b) scatter, refraction, diffraction and interference in structural colors. Poikilotherms, and especially fishes possess several cell types, so-called chromatophores, which employ either of these principles. Together, they generate the dynamic, multi-color patterns used in communication and camouflage. Several chromatophore types possess motile organelles, which enable rapid changes in coloration. Recently, we described red fluorescence in a number of marine fish and argued that it may be used for private communication in an environment devoid of red. Here, we describe the discovery of a chromatophore in fishes that regulates the distribution of fluorescent pigments in parts of the skin. These cells have a dendritic shape and contain motile fluorescent particles. We show experimentally that the fluorescent particles can be aggregated or dispersed through hormonal and nervous control. This is the first description of a stable and natural cytoskeleton-related fluorescence control mechanism in vertebrate cells. Its nervous control supports suggestions that fluorescence could act as a context-dependent signal in some marine fish species and encourages further research in this field. The fluorescent substance is stable under different chemical conditions and shows no discernible bleaching under strong, constant illumination.