julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Preliminary findings for the validity of the Morningness–Eveningness-Stability Scale improved (MESSi): Correlations with activity levels and personality
2018-09-13

Aim of the present study is an additional validation of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability Scale improved (MESSi). We screened a total of 97 German students using the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) to identify a subsample (N = 42) of definite morning and evening types (31% males, mean age: 24.8 ± 5.8 years). The participants provided information about their sleep-wake rhythm (diary), personality traits (questionnaire) and experienced actigraphic monitoring. Correlations of the MESSi components "Morning affect subscale" (MA) (r = 0.91, p < 0.01) and "Eveningness subscale" (r = -0.87, p < 0.01) with the rMEQ showed good convergent validity. MA was also significantly negatively correlated with the acrophase and the midpoint of sleep as measured by actigraphy.
Staphylococcal Enterotoxins Dose-Dependently Modulate the Generation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
2018-09-13

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is one of the major human bacterial pathogens causing a broad spectrum of serious infections. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent an innate immune cell subset capable of regulating host-pathogen interactions, yet their role in the pathogenesis of <i>S. aureus</i> infections remains incompletely defined. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different <i>S. aureus</i> strains and associated virulence factors on human MDSC generation. Using an <i>in vitro</i> MDSC generation assay we demonstrate that low concentrations of supernatants of different <i>S. aureus</i> strains led to an induction of functional MDSC, whereas increased concentrations, conversely, reduced MDSC numbers. The concentration-dependent reduction of MDSC correlated with T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Several findings supported a role for staphylococcal enterotoxins in modulating MDSC generation. Staphylococcal enterotoxins recapitulated concentration-dependent MDSC induction and inhibition, T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, while an enterotoxin-deficient <i>S. aureus</i> strain largely failed to alter MDSC. Taken together, we identified staphylococcal enterotoxins as main modulators of MDSC generation. The inhibition of MDSC generation by staphylococcal enterotoxins might represent a novel therapeutic target in <i>S. aureus</i> infections and beyond in non-infectious conditions, such as cancer.
Looming Auditory Collision Warnings for Semi-Automated Driving
2018-09-13

Looming sounds can be an ideal warning notification for emergency braking. This agrees with studies that have consistently demonstrated preferential brain processing for looming stimuli. This study investigates and demonstrates that looming sounds can similarly benefit emergency braking in managing a vehicle with adaptive cruise control (ACC). Specifically, looming auditory notifications induced the faster emergency braking times relative to a static auditory notification. Next, we compare the event-related potential (ERP) evoked by a looming notification, relative to its static equivalent. Looming notifications evoke a smaller fronto-central N2 amplitude than their static equivalents. Thus, we infer that looming sounds are consistent with the visual experience of an approaching collision and, hence, induced a corresponding performance benefit. Subjective ratings indicate no significant differences in the perceived workload across the notification conditions. Overall, this work suggests that auditory warnings should have congruent physical properties with the visual events that they warn for.
Substituted Benzamides from Anti-inflammatory and p38 Kinase Inhibitors to Antitubercular Activity: Design, Synthesis and Screening
2018-09-13

Most encouraging antitubercular activity was noticed for compounds 4u, 4r and 4k with 6.25, 12.5 and 12.5 μG/mL Further, in order to know the binding site interactions, a docking simulations of compounds was performed. These preliminary results will certainly show fruitful directions to improve the activities of compounds.
It’s Not Only Who You Are but Who You Are With: High School Composition and Individuals’ Attainment Over the Life Course
2018-09-14

We examined life-course effects of attending selective schools using a longitudinal study of U.S. high school students begun in 1960 ( Ns ranging from 1,952 to 377,015). The effects, measured 11 and 50 years after the initial assessment, differed significantly across the two indicators of school selectivity that were used. School average socioeconomic background was positively related to students’ educational expectations, educational attainment, income, and occupational prestige at the 11-year follow-up (0.15 ≤ β ≤ 0.39; all ps &lt; .001). Conversely, schools’ average achievement at the 11-year follow-up was negatively related to students’ expectations, attainment, income, and occupational prestige (−0.42 ≤ β ≤ −0.05; all ps &lt; .05) when schools’ socioeconomic background was controlled for. All associations were mediated by students’ educational expectations. With the exception of income, these effects were consistent 50 years after high school, pointing to the long reach of beneficial learning resources and negative social comparison processes when attending selective schools.
NfL is a biomarker for adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia
2018-09-14

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) is a devastating disease characterized by rapidly progressing motor impairment and dementia with a mean age at onset of 43 years and a mean survival of 7 years.1 It is caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the CSF1R gene with almost complete penetrance, posing a 50% risk to each patient's descendant to carry the mutation.1,2
Unveiling the Takai Olefination Reagent via Tris(tert-butoxy)siloxy Variants
2018-09-14

The elusive Takai olefination reagent, namely, the iodo-methylidene Cr(III) complex [Cr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub>(CHI)(thf)<sub>4</sub>], has been isolated by careful handling of the reaction between CrCl<sub>2</sub> and CHI<sub>3</sub> in THF at -35 °C. Alternatively, treatment of [Cr(OSi(O tBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] with CHI<sub>3</sub> gave the mixed-valent dihalido-methanide complex [Cr<sup>II/III</sup><sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>(OSi(O tBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CHI<sub>2</sub>)], featuring a Cr(III)-CHI<sub>2</sub> moiety. In the presence of TMEDA nucleophilic attack at CHI<sub>2</sub> occurred generating the zwitterionic species [Cr<sup>III</sup>(OSi(O tBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(tmeda-CHI)][I]. Complexes [Cr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub>(CHI)(thf)<sub>4</sub>] and [Cr<sup>II/III</sup><sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>(OSi(O tBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CHI<sub>2</sub>)] were screened for their ability to induce monohalido olefination of benzaldehyde. Remarkably, both complexes promote olefination, with [Cr<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub>(CHI)(thf)<sub>4</sub>] accomplishing the same E selectivity as Takai 's original mixture. Complex [Cr<sup>II/III</sup><sub>2</sub>I<sub>2</sub>(OSi(O tBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(CHI<sub>2</sub>)], however, appeared to give preferentially Z isomer, corroborating the monoiodo-methylidene species Cr(III)-CHI-Cr(III) as the active olefination component of the original in situ generated Takai reagent mixture.
Estimation of economic losses from tropical cyclones in China at 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming using the regional climate model COSMO‐CLM
2018-09-14

Adverse impacts and increasing economic losses from tropical cyclones (TCs) are a major focus in respect to the potential global warming of 1.5 °C or even 2.0 °C. Based on observed meteorological data and county‐scale loss records, loss‐inducing rainfall and wind speed thresholds are identified using the regional climate model CCLM to project future TC events in China. An established damage function is combined with future gross domestic product predictions under five shared socio‐economic pathways. At the 1.5 °C warming level, normalized TC losses will be four times higher than in the reference period (1986–2005). At the 2.0 °C warming level, a sevenfold increase is projected. Relative to the 1.5 °C warming level, TCs will become more frequent under the 2.0 °C scenario, especially along the southeast coast of China. Nearly 0.2–0.5% of the increase in gross domestic product might be offset by TC losses between the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming levels, and the single highest TC loss at 2.0 °C may double that at 1.5 °C, with a larger affected area and more severe rainstorms and wind speeds. Rainfall is attributed more often to TC losses than wind speed. Limiting global warming at 1.5 °C would avoid an estimated increase in TC losses of more than 120 billion CNY annually.
Adenylyl cyclase 6 in acid-base balance – adding complexity
2018-09-14

Systemic acid-base balance is tightly controlled within a narrow range of pH. Disturbances in systemic acid-base homeostasis are associated with diverse detrimental effects. The kidney is a key regulator of acid-base balance, capable of excreting HCO3− or H+, and chronic kidney disease invariably leads to acidosis. However, the regulatory pathways underlying the fine-tuned acid-base sensing and regulatory mechanisms are still incompletely understood. In the article published recently in Clinical Science (vol 132 (16) 1779-1796), Poulson and colleagues investigated the role of adenylyl cyclase 6 (AC6) in acid-base homeostasis. They uncovered a complex role of AC6, specifically affecting acid-base balance during HCO3− load, which causes pronounced alkalosis in AC6-deficient mice. However, the phenotype of AC6-deficient mice appears much more complex, involving systemic effects associated with increased energy expenditure. These observations remind us that there is much to be learned about the intricate signaling pathways involved in renal control of acid-base balance and the complex ramifications of acid-base regulation.
Cultural and Social Identity in Clothing Matters "Different Cultures, Different Meanings"
2018-09-15

This article is concerned with the matters of clothing as a cultural and social identity which is understood to be a part of a symbol that can explain a person's identity. This has been felt by humans since ancient times and developed along with the development of human culture and civilization. From this point of view, we can learn things related to clothing. Every country or region has different characteristics as an identity that is manifested in the form of traditional or distinctive clothing, customs, folk songs, and language. This can be used as a characteristic of every country or region that generally aims to be easily recognized by the wider community. One of the identities of a region in the form of clothing or clothing used. The need to know the characteristics of other regional or country cultures is very important in adding insight as well as citizens can recognize the culture or identity of other regions or countries so as not to be blind in insight and not favor selfishness to recognize the identity of other regions or countries. So many regions and countries have different characteristics. Possibly there are similarities that originate from where they came from like if a country once united and then divorced to establish its own country, this can create equality.
A model hamiltonian tuned toward high level ab initio calculations to describe the character of excitonic states in perylenebisimide aggregates
2018-09-15

On the example of an aggregate of two perylenebisimide (PBI) molecules the character of the lowest excited electronic states in terms of charge transfer (CT) and Frenkel exciton (FE) configurations is investigated as a function of the intermolecular arrangement. A minimal model Hamiltonian based on two FE and two CT configurations at the frontier‐orbitals CIS (FOCIS) level is shown to represent a simple and comprehensible approach providing insight into the physical significance of the model Hamiltonian matrix elements. The recently introduced analysis and diabatization procedure (Liu et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2015, 143, 084106 ) method is used to extract the energies of the configurations and their interactions (the model Hamiltonian parameters) also from the accurate CC2 approach. An analysis in terms of diabatic energy profiles and their interactions shows that the FOCIS parameters give a qualitatively correct description of the adiabatic excited state energy profiles. Comparison with CC2 reveals, however, the presence of avoided crossings at FOCIS level, associated with a large character change (CT/FE) of the excited states as a function of the aggregate structure, which represents the major drawback of FOCIS results. We show that proper amendment of the FOCIS‐derived parameters allows to accurately represent the potential energy surfaces and crossings of the excited dimer states as a function of the aggregate structure. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Significance of pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc)– data from the German SSc-network
2018-09-15

<b>Background:</b> Pulmonary involvement is the leading cause of death in SSc and can manifest as interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary hypertension (PAH) or a combination (ILD-PH). Aim of this analysis was to determine prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of these different forms within the German SSc Network. <b>Methods:</b> SSc pts were analyzed for pulmonary involvement, clinical characteristics and outcome. <b>Results:</b> There were 3699 pts in 42 centers with a mean follow up time of 34.4±12.6 months. At baseline, ILD was frequent (29.5%), while ILD-PH and PAH had lower prevalence (7.5%, 6.1%). At the end of follow up, 32% of SSc pts had ILD, 13% ILD-PH and 7% PAH. ILD and ILD-PH were more frequent in the diffuse form (47%, 12%), while PAH did not differ between subforms. Significant differences in baseline characteristics between PAH vs. ILD-PH vs. ILD were found for age (62, 59, 54 years), sex (males: 15%, 22%, 24%) and smoking prevalence (non-smokers 49%, 63%, 57%). Mean DLCO and FVC were 56% / 93 % for PAH, 49% / 78% for ILD-PH and 56% / 81% for ILD. Significant decreases for DLCO (≥15%) and FVC (≥10%) were found in 45% / 26% in PAH, 45% / 26% for ILD-PH and 36% / 16% in ILD. All-cause mortality was 8.1% for the total cohort and differed significantly between patients without pulmonary involvement (4%), ILD (7.8%), PAH (14.2%), and ILD-PH (21%, p&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> ILD is the most prevalent pulmonary involvement in SSc, while PH-ILD is associated with the most detrimental survival. Significant differences in baseline characteristics of types of pulmonary SSc involvement may help identify patients at risk in the future.
Aerobic exercise inhibits acute lung injury: from mouse to human evidence
2018-09-15

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is defined as hypoxemic respiratory failure with intense pulmonary inflammation, involving hyperactivation of endothelial cells and neutrophils. Given the anti-inflammatory effects of aerobic exercise (AE), this study investigated whether AE performed daily for 5 weeks would inhibit extra-pulmonary LPS-induced ARDS. C57Bl/6 mice were distributed into Control, Exercise, LPS and Exercise+LPS groups. AE was performed on a treadmill for 5x/week for four weeks before LPS administration. 24hours after the final AE physical test, animals received 100ug of LPS intra-peritoneally. In addition, whole blood cell culture, neutrophils and human endothelial cells were pre-incubated with IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine induced by exercise. AE reduced total protein levels and neutrophil accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung parenchyma. AE reduced BAL inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF (p&lt;0.001), CXCL1/KC, IL-17, TNF-alpha and IGF-1. Systemically, AE reduced IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-gamma, CXCL1/KC and TNF-alpha. AE increased IL-10 levels in serum and BAL. Furthermore, AE increased superoxide dismutase SOD and decreased superoxide anion accumulation in the lungs. Lastly, pre-incubation with IL-10 significantly reduced LPS-induced activation of whole blood cells, neutrophils and HUVECs, as observed by reduced production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Our data suggest that AE inhibited LPS-induced lung inflammation by attenuating inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in mice and human cell culture via enhanced IL-10 production.
Evaluation of novel cryoprobes for transbronchial cryobiopsy – an in-vivo animal study
2018-09-15

<b>Introduction:</b> Cryobiopsy (CB) has been introduced to obtain lung biopsies of higher quality and quantity compared to forceps (FB). Here we describe the results of new disposable cryoprobes with 1.1 mm diameter w/wo over sheath (CB11-S/CB11) that operate similarly to FB; and two new cryoprobes (diameter 1.7 mm and 2.4 (CB17n/CB24n)), which work similar to the available reusable (CB19/CB24) probes. <b>Aims and objectives:</b> Evaluation of size and quality of biopsies in an in-vivo animal model <b>Methods:</b> Biopsies were taken from 4 locations (upper/lower/right/left lung) in 7 pigs using new (CB11, CB17n CB24n) and available (CB19/CB24) cryprobes connected to the ERBECRYO2. FB were obtained in standard fashion (2.4 mm forceps). Activation durations were 3, 5 and 7 sec for each instrument except CB11-S (incrementally increased 3-11 sec) and CB11 (11 and 13 sec). 38 for CB11-S, 12 (CB11) and 24 specimen (other instruments) were obtained in random fashion. <b>Results:</b> 49 attempts were necessary to obtain 38 specimens using CB11-S, 12/14 (CB11), 25/31 (CB17n), 25/25 (CB19), 24/25 (CB24), 24/32 (CB24n) and 24/28 for FB. There was no difference between the cryoprobes compared to the forceps (p&gt;0.05). Mean specimen area was 4.7±2.6 mm2 (CB11-S), 13.1±6.5 mm2 (CB11), 11.6±6.5 mm2 (CB17), 9.5±5.6 mm2 (CB19), 15.9±7.5 mm2 (CB24), 18.1±9.9 mm2 (CB24n) and 2.8±1.6 mm2 (FB). The specimen area of all cryoprobes was superior over FB (p&lt;0.05). No difference was observed between the CB11 and CB17 compared to CB19 and also between CB24n and CB24 (all p&gt;0.05). The quality of the cryoprobes was superior over FB. <b>Conclusions:</b> The new cryoprobes yield superior biopsies compared to FB and are non-inferior to the available cryoprobes.
Inhibition of neogenin fosters resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration
2018-09-16

The resolution of inflammation is an active process that is coordinated by endogenous mediators. Previous studies have demonstrated the immunomodulatory properties of the axonal guidance proteins in the initial phase of acute inflammation. We hypothesized that the neuronal guidance protein neogenin (Neo1) modulates mechanisms of inflammation resolution. In murine peritonitis, Neo1 deficiency (Neo1-/-) resulted in higher efficacies in reducing neutrophil migration into injury sites, increasing neutrophil apoptosis, actuating PMN phagocytosis, and increasing the endogenous biosynthesis of specialized proresolving mediators, such as lipoxin A4, maresin-1, and protectin DX. Neo1 expression was limited to Neo1-expressing Ly6Chi monocytes, and Neo1 deficiency induced monocyte polarization toward an antiinflammatory and proresolving phenotype. Signaling network analysis revealed that Neo1-/- monocytes mediate their immunomodulatory effects specifically by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and suppressing the TGF-β pathway. In a cohort of 59 critically ill, intensive care unit (ICU) pediatric patients, we found a strong correlation between Neo1 blood plasma levels and abdominal compartment syndrome, Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM-III) score, and ICU length of stay and mortality. Together, these findings identify a crucial role for Neo1 in regulating tissue regeneration and resolution of inflammation, and determined Neo1 to be a predictor of morbidity and mortality in critically ill children affected by clinical inflammation.
Advances in multidisciplinary therapy for meningiomas
2018-09-17

Surgery has long been established as the first-line treatment for the majority of symptomatic and enlarging meningiomas, and evidence for its success is derived from retrospective case series. Despite surgical resection, a subset of meningiomas display aggressive behavior with early recurrences that are difficult to treat. The decision to radically resect meningiomas and involved structures is balanced against the risk for neurological injury in patients. Radiation therapy has largely been used as a complementary and safe therapeutic strategy in meningiomas with evidence primarily stemming from retrospective, single-institution reports. Two of the first cooperative group studies (RTOG 0539 and EORTC 22042) evaluating the outcomes of adjuvant radiation therapy in higher-risk meningiomas have shown promising preliminary results. Historically, systemic therapy has resulted in disappointing results in meningiomas. However, several clinical trials are under way evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapies, such as trabectedin, and novel molecular agents targeting Smoothened, AKT1, and focal adhesion kinase in patients with recurrent meningiomas.
IκBζ is a key transcriptional regulator of IL-36–driven psoriasis-related gene expression in keratinocytes
2018-09-17

Proinflammatory cytokine signaling in keratinocytes plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, a skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Although IL-17A and TNFα are effective therapeutic targets in psoriasis, IL-36 has recently emerged as a proinflammatory cytokine. However, little is known about IL-36 signaling and its downstream transcriptional responses. Here, we found that exposure of keratinocytes to IL-36 induced the expression of IκBζ, an atypical IκB member and a specific transcriptional regulator of selective NF-κB target genes. Induction of IκBζ by IL-36 was mediated by NF-κB and STAT3. In agreement, IL-36–mediated induction of IκBζ was found to be required for the expression of various psoriasis-related genes involved in inflammatory signaling, neutrophil chemotaxis, and leukocyte activation. Importantly, IκBζ-knockout mice were protected against IL-36–mediated dermatitis, accompanied by reduced proinflammatory gene expression, decreased immune cell infiltration, and a lack of keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Moreover, expression of IκBζ mRNA was highly up-regulated in biopsies of psoriasis patients where it coincided with IL36G levels. Thus our results uncover an important role for IκBζ in IL-36 signaling and validate IκBζ as an attractive target for psoriasis therapy.