julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Mirror production for the Cherenkov telescopes of the ASTRI mini-array and the MST project for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
2022-02-03

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next ground-based γ-ray observatory in the TeV γ-ray spectral region operating with the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique. It is based on almost 70 telescopes of different class diameters - LST, MST and SST of 23, 12, and 4 m, respectively - to be installed in two sites in the two hemispheres (at La Palma, Canary Islands, and near Paranal, Chile). Several thousands of reflecting mirror tiles larger than 1 m will be produced for realizing the segmented primary mirrors of a so large number of telescopes. Almost in parallel, the ASTRI Mini-Array (MA) is being implemented in Tenerife (Canary Islands), composed of nine 4 m diameter dual-mirror Cherenkov telescopes (very similar to the SSTs). We completed the mirror production for all nine telescopes of the ASTRI MA and two MST telescopes (400 segments in total) using the cold glass slumping replication technology. The results related to the quality achieved with a so large-scale production are presented, also discussing the adopted testing methods and approaches. They will be very useful for the adoption and optimization of the quality assurance process for the huge production (almost 3000 m of reflecting surface) of the MST and SST CTA telescopes.
Ventures' conscious knowledge transfer to close partners, and beyond: A framework of performance, complementarity, knowledge disclosure, and knowledge broadcasting
2022-02-03

We build a new theoretical framework that conceptually differentiates ventures' knowledge disclosure to their corporate venture capitalist (CVC) from knowledge broadcasting beyond the venture-CVC dyad and links them to venture-CVC complementarity. We test their direct, indirect, and interactive effects on venture performance. Our moderated mediation model (i) establishes knowledge disclosure as a mechanism that connects complementarity with venture performance, and (ii) predicts knowledge broadcasting beyond this dyad as a boundary condition to this indirect effect. We use 944 observations of 349 ventures along with Twitter data to test our model. Disclosure and broadcasting have a positive direct effect on performance, complementarity has an indirect effect on performance through disclosure, and this indirect link diminishes with broadcasting. Our findings point to a conflict in ventures' broadcasting strategies.
Data‐driven staging of genetic frontotemporal dementia using multi‐modal MRI
2022-02-03

Abstract Frontotemporal dementia in genetic forms is highly heterogeneous and begins many years to prior symptom onset, complicating disease understanding and treatment development. Unifying methods to stage the disease during both the presymptomatic and symptomatic phases are needed for the development of clinical trials outcomes. Here we used the contrastive trajectory inference (cTI), an unsupervised machine learning algorithm that analyzes temporal patterns in high‐dimensional large‐scale population datasets to obtain individual scores of disease stage. We used cross‐sectional MRI data (gray matter density, T1/T2 ratio as a proxy for myelin content, resting‐state functional amplitude, gray matter fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity) from 383 gene carriers (269 presymptomatic and 115 symptomatic) and a control group of 253 noncarriers in the Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Initiative. We compared the cTI‐obtained disease scores to the estimated years to onset (age—mean age of onset in relatives), clinical, and neuropsychological test scores. The cTI based disease scores were correlated with all clinical and neuropsychological tests (measuring behavioral symptoms, attention, memory, language, and executive functions), with the highest contribution coming from mean diffusivity. Mean cTI scores were higher in the presymptomatic carriers than controls, indicating that the method may capture subtle pre‐dementia cerebral changes, although this change was not replicated in a subset of subjects with complete data. This study provides a proof of concept that cTI can identify data‐driven disease stages in a heterogeneous sample combining different mutations and disease stages of genetic FTD using only MRI metrics.
Miki Kiyoshi’s Philosophy of History and the historical role of myth
2022-02-03

In this paper, I argue that Miki’s concept of myth offers a continuation and consolidation of his Philosophy of History (1932), providing an important conceptual tool to comprehend his philosophical project. To understand Miki’s originality, it is important to contrast his conception of history with that of Rickert’s, one of Miki’s professors during his stay in Germany. Although scholarship about the Kyōto School does not mention these texts, between 1932 and 1935, Miki’s writing focuses on the importance of myth as a manifestation of the historical consciousness during periods of social crisis. Thus, myth, as a form of knowledge tied to the most fundamental ontological level of human existence (that Miki calls ‘fact’), was able to serve as an operationalization of social change.
Dissociable Roles of FEF Neurons in Initiating Saccades
2022-02-03

Abstract The frontal eye field (FEF) plays a key role in initiating saccades. To explain how single neurons in this region may enable the initiation of saccades, Jeffery Schall proposed the “variable rate model” (Hanes and Schall, 1996) which assumes that the discharge of a neuron must reach a fixed activation threshold for a saccade to be evoked. However, the validity of this model has been questioned as results from later work testing saccades in different behavioral contexts seemed to require the assumption of variable thresholds. Moreover, even when sticking to the original behavioral context, not all types of frontal eye field neurons seemed to behave according to a variable rate model. In an attempt to reconsider the viability of the variable rate model avoiding limitations of previous research, we studied single neurons recorded from the FEF of two rhesus monkeys while they performed a memory-guided saccade task. We evaluated the degree to which each type of FEF neurons complied with the variable rate model by quantifying how precisely their discharge predicted an imminent saccade based on their immediate presaccadic activity. In addition, we asked whether there might be a hierarchical relation between visuomotor and motor neurons with only the latter responsible for the release of saccades and therefore satisfying the assumption of the variable rate model. We show that decoders trained on single motor neurons’ presaccadic activity performed better than decoders trained on visuomotor neurons in predicting an imminent saccade, in line with the assumption of a top position in a putative processing hierarchy. While this position might have suggested significant resilience to perturbation of the visual input to the FEF, we found quite the opposite that motor neurons but not visuomotor neurons were susceptible to perturbation. As a matter of fact, they lost the ability to predict the initiation of a saccade based on their immediate pressacadic discharge rate. Our results support the notion that motor neurons and visuomotor neurons have dissociable functions in information processing for saccades with motor neurons more closely related to saccade initiation, in line with the tenets of the variable rate model. Yet, they also clearly indicate that even these supposedly top layer neurons exhibit an unexpected degree of dependence on afferent input questions the viability of the assumption of a simple processing hierarchy.
Definitions and treatment of oligometastatic oesophagogastric cancer according to multidisciplinary tumour boards in Europe
2022-02-04

A broad consensus on definitions of oligometastatic oesophagogastric cancer was found among MDTs of oesophagogastric cancer expert centres in Europe. However, high practice variability in treatment strategies exists.
Efficient privacy-preserving whole-genome variant queries
2022-02-04

Abstract Motivation Diagnosis and treatment decisions on genomic data have become widespread as the cost of genome sequencing decreases gradually. In this context, disease–gene association studies are of great importance. However, genomic data are very sensitive when compared to other data types and contains information about individuals and their relatives. Many studies have shown that this information can be obtained from the query-response pairs on genomic databases. In this work, we propose a method that uses secure multi-party computation to query genomic databases in a privacy-protected manner. The proposed solution privately outsources genomic data from arbitrarily many sources to the two non-colluding proxies and allows genomic databases to be safely stored in semi-honest cloud environments. It provides data privacy, query privacy and output privacy by using XOR-based sharing and unlike previous solutions, it allows queries to run efficiently on hundreds of thousands of genomic data. Results We measure the performance of our solution with parameters similar to real-world applications. It is possible to query a genomic database with 3 000 000 variants with five genomic query predicates under 400 ms. Querying 1 048 576 genomes, each containing 1 000 000 variants, for the presence of five different query variants can be achieved approximately in 6 min with a small amount of dedicated hardware and connectivity. These execution times are in the right range to enable real-world applications in medical research and healthcare. Unlike previous studies, it is possible to query multiple databases with response times fast enough for practical application. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution that provides this performance for querying large-scale genomic data. Availability and implementation https://gitlab.com/DIFUTURE/privacy-preserving-variant-queries. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Discovery of hot subdwarfs covered with helium-burning ash
2022-02-04

Abstract Helium-rich subdwarf O stars (sdOs) are hot compact stars in a pre-white dwarf evolutionary state. Most of them have effective temperatures and surface gravities in the range Teff = 40 000–50 000 K and log g = 5.5–6.0. Their atmospheres are helium dominated. If present at all, C, N, and O are trace elements. The abundance patterns are explained in terms of nucleosynthesis during single star evolution (late helium core flash) or a binary He-core white dwarf merger. Here we announce the discovery of two hot hydrogen-deficient sdOs (PG1654+322 and PG1528+025) that exhibit unusually strong carbon and oxygen lines. A non-LTE model atmosphere analysis of spectra obtained with the Large Binocular Telescope and by the LAMOST survey reveals astonishingly high abundances of C ( ) and O ( ) and that the two stars are located close to the helium main sequence. Both establish a new spectroscopic class of hot H-deficient subdwarfs (CO-sdO) and can be identified as the remnants of a He-core white dwarf that accreted matter of a merging low-mass CO-core white dwarf. We conclude that the CO-sdOs represent an alternative evolutionary channel creating PG1159 stars besides the evolution of single stars that experience a late helium-shell flash.
Interpretation of the DOME Recommendations for Machine Learning in Proteomics and Metabolomics
2022-02-04

Machine learning is increasingly applied in proteomics and metabolomics to predict molecular structure, function, and physicochemical properties, including behavior in chromatography, ion mobility, and tandem mass spectrometry. These must be described in sufficient detail to apply or evaluate the performance of trained models. Here we look at and interpret the recently published and general DOME (Data, Optimization, Model, Evaluation) recommendations for conducting and reporting on machine learning in the specific context of proteomics and metabolomics.
The Role of Side-Scrapers and Cortical Flakes in Late Acheulian Toolkits: Results of a Techno-functional Analysis from Revadim (Israel)
2022-02-04

Recent techno-functional studies of the lithic assemblage of Layer C3 in Late Acheulian Revadim (Israel) have demonstrated the variability in tool production and use in this layer. Here we present the results of a techno-functional and residue analysis of two central categories of artifacts found in Layer C3: side-scrapers and cortical flakes. We investigate the assumed functional link between side-scrapers and scraping activities and examine the question of whether cortical flakes were considered by the Revadim hominins as simple waste products or as useful tools. Our study applies an integrative and multidisciplinary methodology combining experimental archaeology, use-wear and residue analysis, and spectroscopic measurements. Our results show that side-scrapers were used for scraping and mixed activities, mostly on soft-medium and medium materials, while cortical flakes were occasionally used, mostly for cutting. Tool function reconstruction was supported by the morphological, elemental, and chemical characterization of extraordinarily well-preserved residues of animal origin, suggesting their use in butchery. .
Modelling efficient team structures in biology
2022-02-04

Abstract We used agent-based modelling to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of several management styles in biology, ranging from centralized to egalitarian ones. In egalitarian groups, all team members are connected with each other, while in centralized ones, they are only connected with the principal investigator. Our model incorporated time constraints, which negatively influenced weakly connected groups such as centralized ones. Moreover, our results show that egalitarian groups outperform others if the questions addressed are relatively simple or when the communication among agents is limited. Complex epistemic spaces are explored best by centralized groups. They outperform other team structures because the individual members can develop their own ideas with less interference of the opinions of others. The optimal ratio between time spent on experimentation and dissemination varies between different organizational structures. Furthermore, if the evidence is shared only after a relevant degree of certainty is reached, all investigated groups epistemically profit. We discovered that the introduction of seminars to the model changes the epistemic performance in favour of weakly connected teams. Finally, the abilities of the principal investigator do not seem to outperform cognitive diversity, as group performances were not strongly influenced by the increase of her abilities.
The main perturbing objects on the orbits of (616) Prometheus and (617) Pandora
2022-02-04

ABSTRACT The dynamical evolution of the Prometheus and Pandora pair of satellites is chaotic, with a short 3.3 yr Lyapunov time. It is known that the anti-alignment of the apses line of Prometheus and Pandora, which occurs every 6.2 yr, is a critical configuration that amplifies their chaotic dynamical evolution. However, the mutual interaction between Prometheus and Pandora is not enough to explain the longitudinal lags observed by the Hubble Space Telescope. The main goal of the current work is to identify the main contributors to the chaotic dynamical evolution of the Prometheus–Pandora pair beyond themselves. Therefore, in this work, we first explore the sensibility of this dynamical system to understand it numerically and then build numerical experiments to reach our goals. We identify that almost all major satellites of the Saturn system play a significant role in the evolution of Prometheus’s and Pandora’s orbits.
Poor matching of action codes challenges ‘mirroring’ in macaque F5 mirror neurons
2022-02-04

The discharge of F5 mirror neurons of a monkey observing another individual performing an action has been interpreted as a motor representation, stimulated by sensory input, ultimately serving action understanding. This hypothesis requires mirror neurons to exhibit an action tuning that is matched between action observation and execution. However, the evidence for this is insufficient, mainly because previous work has suffered from a limited exploration of action space tuning and an object vs. action vision confound. To overcome these limitations, we conducted an experiment in which identical objects had to be manipulated in three different ways in order to serve distinct action goals. We show that the population of F5 mirror neurons can dissociate the three actions almost perfectly, during both observation and execution. However, the population code for action execution was only poorly matched to the code for observation. Just a few neurons exhibited only matched codes, yet, always confined to short, varying segments of the overall action. These findings challenge the hypothesis that an observer understands the actions of others by the activation of motor representations of the observed actions. Rather they support the alternative notion that F5 might use information on observed actions to select behavioral responses.
Transition and Drivers of Elastic to Inelastic Deformation in the Abarkuh Plain from InSAR Multi-Sensor Time Series and Hydrogeological Data
2022-02-04

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This repository contains the datasets used in &amp;lt;a href="https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2023JB026430"&amp;gt;Mirzadeh et al., 2023&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;. It includes three&amp;nbsp;InSAR time-series datasets from the Envisat descending orbit, ALOS-1 ascending orbit, and Sentinel-1A&amp;nbsp;in ascending and descending orbits, acquired over the Abarkuh Plain, Iran, as well as the geological map of the study area and the GNSS and hydrogeological data used in this research.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dataset 1: Envisat descending track 292&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Date: 06 Oct 2003 - 05 Sep 2005 (12&amp;nbsp;acquisitions)&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format):&amp;nbsp;timeseries_LOD_tropHgt_ramp_demErr.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dataset 2: ALOS-1 ascending track 569&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Date: 06 Dec 2006 - 17 Dec 2010 (14&amp;nbsp;acquisitions)&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format):&amp;nbsp;timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Dataset 2: Sentinel-1 ascending track 130 and descending track 137&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Date: 14 Oct 2014 - 28 Mar 2020 (129 ascending acquisitions) + 27 Oct 2014 - 29 Mar 2020 (114 descending acquisitions)&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Processor: ISCE/topsStack + MintPy&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format):&amp;nbsp;timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The time series and Mean LOS Velocity (MVL) products&amp;nbsp;can be georeferenced and resampled using the makTempCoh and geometryRadar products and the MintPy commands/functions.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Transition and Drivers of Elastic-Inelastic Deformation in the Abarkuh Plain from InSAR Multi-Sensor Time Series and Hydrogeological Data
2022-02-04

This repository contains the datasets used in Mirzadeh et al., 2022. It includes three InSAR time-series datasets from the Envisat descending orbit, ALOS-1 ascending orbit, and Sentinel-1A in ascending and descending orbits, acquired over the Abarkuh Plain, Iran, as well as the geological map of the study area and the GNSS and hydrogeological data used in this research. Dataset 1: Envisat descending track 292 Date: 06 Oct 2003 - 05 Sep 2005 (12 acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_LOD_tropHgt_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 Dataset 2: ALOS-1 ascending track 569 Date: 06 Dec 2006 - 17 Dec 2010 (14 acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 Dataset 2: Sentinel-1 ascending track 130 and descending track 137 Date: 14 Oct 2014 - 28 Mar 2020 (129 ascending acquisitions) + 27 Oct 2014 - 29 Mar 2020 (114 descending acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/topsStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 The time series and Mean LOS Velocity (MVL) products can be georeferenced and resampled using the makTempCoh and geometryRadar products and the MintPy commands/functions.
Transition and Drivers of Elastic to Inelastic Deformation in the Abarkuh Plain from InSAR Multi-Sensor Time Series and Hydrogeological Data
2022-02-04

This repository contains the datasets used in Mirzadeh et al., 2023. It includes three InSAR time-series datasets from the Envisat descending orbit, ALOS-1 ascending orbit, and Sentinel-1A in ascending and descending orbits, acquired over the Abarkuh Plain, Iran, as well as the geological map of the study area and the GNSS and hydrogeological data used in this research. Dataset 1: Envisat descending track 292 Date: 06 Oct 2003 - 05 Sep 2005 (12 acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_LOD_tropHgt_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 Dataset 2: ALOS-1 ascending track 569 Date: 06 Dec 2006 - 17 Dec 2010 (14 acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/stripmapStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 Dataset 2: Sentinel-1 ascending track 130 and descending track 137 Date: 14 Oct 2014 - 28 Mar 2020 (129 ascending acquisitions) + 27 Oct 2014 - 29 Mar 2020 (114 descending acquisitions) Processor: ISCE/topsStack + MintPy Displacement time-series (in HDF-EOS5 format): timeseries_ERA5_ramp_demErr.h5 Mean LOS Velocity (in HDF-EOS5 format): velocity.h5 Mask Temporal Coherence (in HDF-EOS5 format): maskTempCoh.h5 Geometry (in HDF-EOS5 format): geometryRadar.h5 The time series and Mean LOS Velocity (MVL) products can be georeferenced and resampled using the makTempCoh and geometryRadar products and the MintPy commands/functions.