julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Peptides presented by HLA molecules and clinical applications
2000-10-01

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 Peptides presented by HLA molecules and clinical applications Hans-Georg Rammensee Hans-Georg Rammensee 1University of Tübingen, Institute for Cell Biology, Dept. Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A119. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a119c Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Hans-Georg Rammensee; Peptides presented by HLA molecules and clinical applications. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A119. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a119c Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Investigating the Surface Morphology of Triacontyl Phases with Spin-Diffusion Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy
2000-10-02

Spin-diffusion solid-state NMR measurements prove the existence of alkyl-chain domains with different mobilities at C30 reversed phases and give insight into the spatial distribution (see picture: region a: rigid, 32 Å; region b: mobile, 112 Å). A computerized simulation of the change in the signal during the spin-diffusion experiment allows the determination of the areas of the alkyl-chain cluster.
Resins and anchors for solid phase organic synthesis
2000-10-05

Abstract Isolation of the pure intermediates and products in a multi-step synthetic scheme is often the most time-consuming and uneconomical part in the overall process. This effort increases proportionally with the number of synthetic steps. The extent of this problem is greater when several different compounds are to be made in parallel as is the case in combinatorial chemistry. Differences in the physical and chemical properties of members of a chemical library, such as solubility, pKa values, polarity of the building blocks and intermediate products, aggravate to a great extent the standardization of a procedure or may even make it completely impracticable.
The influence of normal aging on the cortical processing of a simple motor task
2000-10-10

These findings demonstrate that the functional anatomy of the human motor system changes during normal aging. It appears that, for a given motor task, the aging brain recruits additional primary sensorimotor and premotor regions of both hemispheres.
Cremation practices and the survival of ancient DNA: burnt bone analyses via RAPD-mediated PCR
2000-10-13

Numerous burial rites have been developed in different time periods of human cultural evolution. One of the most interesting burial practices was the ritual cremation of human bodies. Due to the respective cultural and religious background, brand graves are known where human remains had been buried together with burnt bones of animal origin. To date, burnt bone samples have been refractory to PCR-mediated amplification. D/L values of aspartic acid far greater than 80 x 10(-3) were measured in the samples thus indicating the presence of severely nicked and fragmented nucleic acids. In order to differentiate between burial gift of animal origin and burnt human specimens we established a highly sensitive protocol that addresses all the shortcomings connected to degraded ancient DNA. With the novel procedure it was possible to classify 4 specimens ranging from 2,000-5,000 BP on the basis of mitochondrial DNA sequences.
Contamination by preparation: Risks by the application of biological conservation practices of museum collections
2000-10-13

In paleogenetic science, artifacts (i.e. non-authentic DNA sequences) are mainly produced by cryptic contamination with (i) edaphon DNA sequences and/or (ii) human biomolecules derived from the involved researchers and the laboratory equipment. A third, and yet underestimated source of contamination with exogenous nucleic acids is provided by (iii) conservation practices applied to old material. Bone glue has been successfully used from the beginning of the 19th century up to the middle of this century, and comprises a rich source of non-authentic nucleic acids. An unequivocal identification of treated samples remains difficult since bone and the glue used for conservatory purposes bear similar chemical properties. Since the majority of agents used for the preservation of museum collections are of biological origin, the differentiation between contaminated and non-treated samples is required.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Selected 4‐Substituted Anhydro Sugars.
2000-10-17

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CD95/CD95 Ligand Interactions on Epithelial Cells in Host Defense to Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2000-10-20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes severe infections, particularly of the lung, that are life threatening. Here, we show that P. aeruginosa infection induces apoptosis of lung epithelial cells by activation of the endogenous CD95/CD95 ligand system. Deficiency of CD95 or CD95 ligand on epithelial cells prevented apoptosis of lung epithelial cells in vivo as well as in vitro. The importance of CD95/CD95 ligand–mediated lung epithelial cell apoptosis was demonstrated by the rapid development of sepsis in CD95- or CD95 ligand–deficient mice, but not in normal mice, after P. aeruginosa infection.
Delone clusters, covering and linkage in the quasiperiodic triangle tiling
2000-10-27

The triangle and the Penrose tiling are dual quasiperiodic projections from the root lattice A4. The dual-window theory is developed and applied to pentagonal Delone clusters in the triangle tiling. The filling, covering, fundamental domain and linkage properties of Delone clusters are analysed.
Hybrid rendering of the chest and virtual bronchoscopy [corrected].
2000-10-30

Thin-section spiral computed tomography was used to acquire the volume data sets of the thorax. The tracheobronchial system and pathological changes of the chest were visualized using a color-coded surface rendering method. The structures of interest were then superimposed on a volume rendering of the other thoracic structures, thus producing a hybrid rendering. The hybrid rendering technique exploit the advantages of both rendering methods and enable virtual bronchoscopic examinations using different representation models. Virtual bronchoscopic examinations with a transparent color-coded shaded-surface model enables the simultaneous visualization of both the airways and the adjacent structures behind of the tracheobronchial wall and therefore, offers a practical alternative to fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Hybrid rendering and virtual endoscopy obviate the need for time consuming detailed analysis and presentation of axial source images.
Optical Gas Sensors in Analytical Chemistry: Applications, Trends and General Comments
2000-10-30

Abstract Current concepts for optical gas sensors are reviewed. Different approaches for gas sensing such as intrinsic and extrinsic, direct and indirect sensing were taken into consideration. For each sensing approach reviewed here, a short principle description and recent applications are given. Several aspects governing the enrichment of gaseous analytes in sensitive layers are also discussed briefly.
Induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in vivo after vaccinations with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells
2000-11-01

Abstract Vaccination of patients with cancer using dendritic cells (DCs) was shown to be effective for B-cell lymphoma and malignant melanoma. Here we provide evidence that patients with advanced breast and ovarian cancer can be efficiently vaccinated with autologous DCs pulsed with HER-2/neu– or MUC1-derived peptides. Ten patients were included in this pilot study. The DC vaccinations were well tolerated with no side effects. In 5 of 10 patients, peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) could be detected in the peripheral blood using both intracellular IFN-γ staining and 51Cr-release assays. The major CTL response in vivo was induced with the HER-2/neu–derived E75 and the MUC1-derived M1.2 peptide, which lasted for more than 6 months, suggesting that these peptides might be immunodominant. In addition, in one patient vaccinated with the MUC1-derived peptides, CEA- and MAGE-3 peptide-specific T-cell responses were detected after several vaccinations. In a second patient immunized with the HER-2/neu peptides, MUC1-specific T lymphocytes were induced after 7 immunizations, suggesting that antigen spreading in vivo might occur after successful immunization with a single tumor antigen. Our results show that vaccination of DCs pulsed with a single tumor antigen may induce immunologic responses in patients with breast and ovarian cancer. This study may be relevant to the design of future clinical trials of other peptide-based vaccines.
AP-1 Proteins Mediate Hyperglycemia-Induced Activation of the Human TGF-β1 Promoter in Mesangial Cells
2000-11-01

Abstract. Hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of the prosclerotic cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Because high glucose and phorbol esters (PMA) increase TGF-β1 mRNA levels in mesangial cells, this study was designed to characterize these effects on the human TGF-β1 promoter activity. With the use of luciferase reporter gene constructs containing TGF-β1 5′-flanking sequence (from -453 to +11 bp) transfected into mesangial cells, it was found that 30 mM glucose induced a nearly twofold increase in TGF-β1 promoter activity after 24 h of incubation in human and porcine mesangial cells. Stimulation by PMA was more effective (2.3-fold). Mutagenesis in either one of the two or both activating protein-1 (AP-1) binding sites abolished the high glucose and the PMA effect. Furthermore, addition of the AP-1 inhibitor curcumin obliterated the glucose response. Corresponding experiments revealed that the transcription factor stimulating protein 1 was not involved in mediating the glucose effect. The high glucose-induced TGF-β1 promoter activation was also prevented by inhibitors of protein kinase C and p38 mitogen-activated proteinkinase. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with oligonucleotides containing one of the two AP-1 binding sites showed that glucose treatment markedly enhanced the binding activity of nuclear proteins of mesangial cells, particularly to box B. Supershift assays demonstrated that JunD and c-Fos were present in the protein-DNA complexes under control and hyperglycemic conditions. The functional and structural results show that glucose regulates human TGF-β1 gene expression through two adjacent AP-1 binding sites and gives rise to the involvement of protein kinase C and p38 mitogen-activated proteinkinase in hyperglycemia-induced TGF-β1 gene expression.
Functional Neuroimaging of Visceral Sensation
2000-11-01

The use of functional brain imaging techniques has led to considerable advances in our understanding of brain processing of human visceral sensation. The use of complementary techniques such as functional MRI, positron emission tomography, magnetoencephalography, and EEG has led to the identification of a network of brain areas that process visceral sensation. These studies suggest that unlike somatic sensation, which has an intense homuncular representation in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI), visceral sensation is primarily represented in the secondary somatosensory cortex, whereas representation in SI is vague. This difference could account for the poor localization of visceral sensation in comparison with somatic sensation. However, in a manner similar to that of somatic sensation, visceral sensation is represented in the paralimbic and limbic structures such as the insular, anterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortices. These areas are likely to mediate the affective and cognitive components of visceral sensation. Recent studies suggest that negative emotional factors such as fear, and cognitive factors such as attention can modulate the brain processing of visceral sensation in the insular and anterior cingulate cortices. In addition, alterations in the pattern of cortical processing of visceral sensation have been described in patients with functional gastrointestinal pain. It is likely that future research into the factors that modulate the brain processing of visceral sensation in health and disease are likely to improve further our understanding of the pathophysiology of functional visceral pain disorders.
Identification of the Coumermycin A 1 Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of Streptomyces rishiriensis DSM 40489
2000-11-01

ABSTRACT The biosynthetic gene cluster of the aminocoumarin antibiotic coumermycin A 1 was cloned by screening of a cosmid library of Streptomyces rishiriensis DSM 40489 with heterologous probes from a dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase gene, involved in deoxysugar biosynthesis, and from the aminocoumarin resistance gyrase gene gyrB r . Sequence analysis of a 30.8-kb region upstream of gyrB r revealed the presence of 28 complete open reading frames (ORFs). Fifteen of the identified ORFs showed, on average, 84% identity to corresponding ORFs in the biosynthetic gene cluster of novobiocin, another aminocoumarin antibiotic. Possible functions of 17 ORFs in the biosynthesis of coumermycin A 1 could be assigned by comparison with sequences in GenBank. Experimental proof for the function of the identified gene cluster was provided by an insertional gene inactivation experiment, which resulted in an abolishment of coumermycin A 1 production.
Prospective screening by a panfungal polymerase chain reaction assay in patients at risk for fungal infections: implications for the management of febrile neutropenia
2000-11-01

Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of mortality in neutropenic cancer patients. To determine whether a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay enabled the identification of patients at risk for invasive fungal infections, a prospective monitoring once per week was performed during 92 neutropenic episodes in patients receiving chemotherapy for acute leukaemia or high-dose therapy followed by allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation, with the investigators blinded to clinical and microbiological data. PCR positivity was documented in 34 out of 92 risk episodes. All patients developing proven invasive fungal infection were found PCR positive, and PCR was found to be the earliest indicator of invasive fungal infection preceding clinical evidence by a mean of 5.75 d (range 0-14 d). In febrile neutropenic patients without a prior history of invasive fungal infection, a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 73% of the PCR assay for the development of proven or probable invasive fungal infection was documented. In conclusion, panfungal PCR performed prospectively once a week enabled the identification of patients at high risk for invasive fungal infections.
Plasma Interleukin‐10:Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–α Ratio Is Associated with TNF Promoter Variants and Predicts Malarial Complications
2000-11-01

In individuals with severe malarial anemia, plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha tend to exceed those of interleukin (IL)-10. In this study, IL-10:TNF plasma level ratios <1 were found to be a risk factor for both cerebral malaria and severe anemia (P=.009), whereas higher IL-10:TNF ratios were observed more frequently in hyperparasitemic individuals. When considering allelic variants of the TNF promoter in children with severe malaria, carriers of the wild type more frequently had an IL-10:TNF ratio >1 (P=.008). In contrast, individuals with a mutation at position -238 of the TNF promoter (TNF(-238A) and TNF(-376A/-238A)) consistently had lower IL-10 than TNF plasma levels (IL-10:TNF ratio <1; P=.003). Our results show that, in children with severe malaria, TNF promoter variants influence the balance of IL-10:TNF in the plasma, which, in turn, affects the outcome in terms of clinical complications.
Evolution of the Pan‐African Wadi Haimur metamorphic sole, Eastern Desert, Egypt
2000-11-01

By comparison with the general features of metamorphic soles (e.g. vertical and lateral extension, metamorphic grade and diagnostic mineral parageneses, deformation and dominant rock types), it is inferred that the amphibolites, metagabbros and hornblendites of the Wadi Um Ghalaga–Wadi Haimur area in the southern part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt represent the metamorphic sole of the Wadi Haimur ophiolite belt. The overlying ultramafic rocks represent overthrusted mantle peridotite. Mineral compositions and thermobarometric studies indicate that the rocks of the metamorphic sole record metamorphic conditions typical of such an environment. The highest P – T conditions ( c . 700 °C and 6.5–8.5 kbar) are preserved in clinopyroxene amphibolites and garnet amphibolites from the top of the metamorphic sole, which is exposed in the southern part of the study area. The massive amphibolites and metagabbros further north (Wadi Haimur) represent the basal parts of the sole and show the lowest P – T conditions (450–620 °C and 4.7–7.8 kbar). The sole is the product of dynamothermal metamorphism associated with the tectonic displacement of ultramafic rocks. Heat was derived mainly from the hot overlying mantle peridotites, and an inverted P – T gradient was caused by dynamic shearing during ophiolite emplacement. Sm/Nd dating of whole‐rock–metamorphic mineral pairs yields similar ages of c . 630 Ma for clinopyroxene and hornblende, which is interpreted as a lower age limit for ophiolite formation and an upper age limit for metamorphism. A younger Sm/Nd age for a garnet‐bearing rock ( c . 590 Ma) is interpreted as reflecting a meaningful cooling age close to the metamorphic peak. Hornblende K/Ar ages in the range 570–550 Ma may reflect thermal events during late orogenic granite magmatism.
Effect of prolonged neck muscle vibration on lateral head tilt in severe spasmodic torticollis
2000-11-01

(1) In this patient, muscle vibration was the specific sensory input that induced lengthening of the dystonic neck muscles. Neither haptic stimulation nor transcutaneous electrical stimulation had more than a marginal effect. (2) The marked difference in the change of head position after short and prolonged stimulation supports the hypothesis that spasmodic torticollis might result from a disturbance of the central processing of the afferent input conveying head position information-at least in those patients who are sensitive to sensory stimulation in the neck region. (3) Long term neck muscle vibration may provide a convenient non-invasive method for treating spasmodic torticollis at the central level by influencing the neural control of head on trunk position.
Visual responses of ganglion cells of a New‐World primate, the capuchin monkey, Cebus apella
2000-11-01

1. The genetic basis of colour vision in New-World primates differs from that in humans and other Old-World primates. Most New-World primate species show a polymorphism; all males are dichromats and most females trichromats. 2. In the retina of Old-World primates such as the macaque, the physiological correlates of trichromacy are well established. Comparison of the retinae in New- and Old-World species may help constrain hypotheses as to the evolution of colour vision and the pathways associated with it. 3. Ganglion cell behaviour was recorded from trichromatic and dichromatic members of a New-World species (the capuchin monkey, Cebus apella) and compared with macaque data. Despite some differences in quantitative detail (such as a temporal response extended to higher frequencies), results from trichromatic animals strongly resembled those from the macaque. 4. In particular, cells of the parvocellular (PC) pathway showed characteristic frequency-dependent changes in responsivity to luminance and chromatic modulation, cells of the magnocellular (MC) pathway showed frequency-doubled responses to chromatic modulation, and the surround of MC cells received a chromatic input revealed on changing the phase of heterochromatically modulated lights. 5. Ganglion cells of dichromats were colour-blind versions of those of trichromats. 6. This strong physiological homology is consistent with a common origin of trichromacy in New- and Old-World monkeys; in the New-World primate the presence of two pigments in the middle-to-long wavelength range permits full expression of the retinal mechanisms of trichromatic vision.
Mosquito distribution and entomological inoculation rates in three malaria-endemic areas in Gabon
2000-11-01

Mosquitoes were collected during 3 separate periods in 3 areas of different malaria transmission rates in the province of Moyen Ogooué, Gabon, within 1 year (July 1996-May 1997). The campus of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital (HAS) and 2 villages, Bellevue and Tchad, were investigated. A total of 19,836 specimens were collected: 13,122 Mansonia, 3944 Anopheles, 2755 Culex and 15 Aedes were captured. The number of mosquitoes was 7896 and 7995 in July to August and from April to May respectively, and dropped to approximately half in November to December. The individual species showed a different distribution pattern in the 3 study areas. In Tchad we found the lowest number of mosquitoes and also the fewest Anopheles, but when we investigated the number of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Anopheles sp. we observed the highest entomological inoculation rate (EIR) there. The EIRs were 23 in HAS, 53 in Bellevue and 61 in Tchad. The method used to determine the number of infected mosquitoes was an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction-based approach. The ELISA alone revealed too many false-positive mosquitoes.
Drug-resistant human cytomegalovirus infection in children after allogeneic stem cell transplantation may have different clinical outcomes
2000-11-01

Abstract Three seropositive pediatric recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation out of a group of 42 patients receiving T-cell–depleted, unrelated transplants and 37 patients receiving T-cell–depleted, haploidentical transplants were monitored longitudinally for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and the emergence of antiviral drug resistance. Early in the posttransplant course, all 3 patients developed HCMV mutations conferring drug resistance to ganciclovir. One child additionally developed multidrug resistance to foscarnet and cidofovir, with mutations in the viral phosphotransferase gene (UL97) and the DNA-polymerase gene (UL54) being found. These data show that resistant HCMV infection does not necessarily correlate with a severe clinical outcome. The early detection of genotypic resistance up to 129 days before the emergence of phenotypic resistance and the dissociation of resistance patterns among different body sites emphasize the importance of genotypic analyses of different DNA specimens for an efficient antiviral therapy. T-cell–depleted children having transplantation might be at an increased risk for the development of drug resistance.