julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Hypnotherapeutische Behandlungsansätze bei funktionellen Bauchschmerzen im Kindes- und Jugendalter
2011-05-01

Hypnotherapeutic Treatment Approaches in Children and Adolescents Suffering from Functional Abdominal Pain Functional abdominal pain significantly impairs day-to-day function. It is one of the most frequent somatic complaints among children and adolescents. For most of those affected, despite some indication of their possible presence, physiological factors fail to explain the symptoms adequately. The increased level of psychological symptoms suggests that the focus should be on behavioural and psychological aspects. Brief hypnotherapeutic treatment methods show encouraging results. A review of the current literature; potential mechanisms of effective intervention and their practical applicability are discussed.
Amorphous silicon based photodetectors for biosensing
2011-05-01

Amorphous silicon based thin film photodiodes enhance the capabilities of optical detection in biosensing due to their high sensitivity, versatile adjustment of spectral response and ease of integration for point-of-care testing.
Early C-11-PIB distribution as perfusion index for differential diagnosis in dementia: A comparison with F-18-FDG-PET
2011-05-01

1253 Objectives Cerebral amyloid load and patterns of hypometabolism/-perfusion are complementary information in differential diagnosis of dementia. Due to a high extraction fraction, early distribution of the amyloid ligand C-11-PIB reflects tissue perfusion with good signal-to-noise ratio. Our aim was to exploratively evaluate the diagnostic potential of early PIB distribution by intraindividual comparison with F-18-FDG uptake. Methods 4 pts. with Alzheimer9s disease (AD), 8 pts. with dementia with lewy bodies (DLB) and 12 controls underwent PIB- and FDG-PET (max. 800MBq PIB and 370MBq FDG). Tracer concentration 0 to 4min p.i. (PIB) and 40 to 52min p.i. (FDG) were coregistered, spatially normalized (SPM2), smoothed (12mm) and scaled using a wholebrain-ROI. For each pat., two z-images (FDG and PIB) were calculated from voxelwise comparison with the control group. Each pair of z-images was rated visually. Furthermore, we calculated for each pat. the percentage volume with which clusters of reduced tracer concentration overlapped (100% = cluster size at FDG-z>2.5). Results The hypometabolic volume (FDG:z>2.5) ranged from 60 to 225ml per pat.. 56% (median across pts.) of the respective voxels also showed PIB-reductions (z>2). The extent of PIB reductions (z>2.5) outside the FDG-cluster (z>2) was only 10% (median). The largest mismatch was found in a DLB pat. with moderate temporooccipital hypometabolism not evident in PIB (overlap: 32%). In patients with clear-cut hypometabolism, z-images from PIB- and FDG-PET were rated equivalent. Conclusions In AD and DLB with clear-cut hypometabolism, early PIB distribution seems to be of equal diagnostic value as FDG-uptake and may support clinical diagnosis if an FDG scan is not available. Generally, findings in PIB-perfusion tended to be of lower significance than in FDG-PET, however, there might be room for further optimizing PIB-quantification for diagnostic purposes (reference tissue? modelling?)
F-18-FDG PET in Richardson syndrome and PSP-P, two variants of supranuclear palsy
2011-05-01

553 Objectives Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) can be subdivided in Richardson9s syndrome (RS) in the classical sense and PSP-parkinsonism (PSP-P) which, at early stages, resembles idiopathic parkinson disease (PD). Our aim was to compare FDG-PET findings in both subtypes. Methods 19 PSP patients who had been investigated with FDG-PET (max. 370MBq 18-F-FDG, 40-52min p.i.) and who could unequivocally be classified as RS (n=11) and PSP-P (n=8) upon clinical criteria, were compared to age matched controls (CO) and nondemented PD patients. All scans were spatially normalized with SPM2 and FDG-uptake was normalized to cerebellar uptake. SPM analysis was performed to detect clusters with reduced FDG uptake in PSP (n=19, p Results SPM analysis revealed the typical pattern of hypometabolism, i.e. reduced uptake in the frontal cortex, cingulate, insula, striatum, thalamus and brainstem. The MI was reduced particularly in RS (RS:0.86+/-0.06; PSP-P:0.93+/-0.09; CO:1.04+/-0.09; t-test PSP-P vs. RS:p Conclusions RS and PSP-P showed different patterns of hypometabolism. For differential diagnosis of PSP, one should be aware that particularly PSP-P cannot be ruled out if FDG-PET fails to detect cortical hypometabolism. In our sample, putaminal FDG uptake allowed for a better differentiation between PSP-P and PD than cortical FDG uptake, however, this finding has to be confirmed prospectively
Variability of FDG-liver uptake in patients with treated large vessel vasculitis
2011-05-01

1158 Objectives To assess disease activity of large vessel vasculitis FDG-liver uptake has been proposed as visual and quantitative reference for arterial wall uptake. Aim of this study was to examine the variability of liver uptake in pts. with treated and untreated large vessel vasculitis. Methods 82 PET/CTs from 27 pts. were analyzed. Ten pts. were studied before and during therapy, in 17 pts. a total of 62 scans was obtained under therapy with glucocorticoids. PET was acquired 60 min. following iv injection of 350 MBq FDG. Variability of average-SUV of the liver (LSUV) was determined by spherical 3D ROIs (diameter: 2 or 4 cm) in one (1xROI) or three (3xROI) localisations and between scans (before and during or exclusively during treatment). For statistical comparison of LSUV the Wilcoxon-test was applied. Results Variability of LSUV using 2cm-3xROIs (mean 10%, median 9%, range 1-34%) was significantly higher compared to 4cm-3xROIs (mean 7% median 5% range 1-36%; p Conclusions Variability of liver uptake in consecutive FDG-PET/CT scans under therapy was up to 78% (>30% in 8-12% of pts.), and in a single scan up to 36%. These findings should be considered when visual or quantitative vessel-to liver-scores are used for diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis. By use of 3 3D-ROIs or a single large 3D-ROI variability of liver uptake can be reduced considerably
Optimal Alignment of 3D Data for Spatial Discretization
2011-05-01

We present an algorithm that finds the rotation which best aligns a given configuration of directions on an unsorted set of directions. Using a cost function that we derive in the paper, we show that this algorithm efficiently finds the optimal coordinate frame for a given 3D data set in order to maximize the performance of axis-aligned bounding volumes such as octrees or occupancy grids with regard to the average storage or query cost. The optimization is independent from the initial orientation, since the whole space of rotations is explored. The evaluation becomes computationally feasible by using the Fourier transforms of spherical functions that describe the data as well as the cost function.
Daily Life Hydration In Healthy Adults (part. 1): Physiological Comparison Between Low And High Drinkers
2011-05-01

PURPOSE:National dietary surveys describe huge variations of total fluid intake between people. Little is known on the relationship between fluid intake levels and physiological variables, specifically hydration indices. METHODS:The aim of this study was to compare physiological variables between low and high French drinkers, i.e. people ingesting <1.2L and >2.0L of total daily fluid, respectively. Seventy one healthy subjects (39 women; 32 men), age: 31.6 years ± 4.4 (mean ± SD) and BMI: 23.3 kg/m2 ± 2.7, completed this study that was performed during usual daily activities. Anthropometric variables of subjects were measured at inclusion. During the 4 days of the study, subjects fulfilled an on-line dietary record specifically designed to track fluids. They went every morning to a clinical center in order to collect fasting blood samples. First morning urine was collected the first day and 24-h urine was collected the 3 next days of the study.RESULTS:Between low and high drinkers, results showed: (1) no difference for food contribution to water intake (800 mL, on average); (2) no difference in anthropometric variables, including percentage of total body water (TBW), assessed by bioelectrical impedance; (3) no difference in plasma osmolality; (4) significant differences in first morning urine variables, including volume (237 ± 117 vs 300 ± 135 mL) and osmolality (794 ± 233 vs 577 ± 257 mosm/kg H2O); (5) differences in 24h urine volume (1025 ± 379 vs 2266 ± 682 mL on average for the 3 days of experiment) and osmolality (769 ± 199 vs 366 ± 124 mosm/kg H2O, average values for the 3 days of experiment). CONCLUSIONS:This clinical study, conducted in real-life conditions, indicates that whatever the status of fluid intake (low or high) both anthropometric and blood variables remain identical. By contrast, first morning and 24 hours urine variables exhibit numerous differences between low and high drinkers, indicating different levels of water homeostasis recruitment. These results provide useful information on the most relevant physiological markers to assess hydration status of healthy subjects in daily life.
Type-2 Diabetes in Women: Strength Training Versus Vibration Training for Improved Metabolic Control
2011-05-01

PURPOSE: Gain in strength is a level A recommendation for treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Vibration training resulted in gain in strength. Metabolic effects in DM-patients have rarely been investigated. Aim: To compare the effects of strength and vibration training on metabolism in DM. METHODS: A group of 22 female type-2-diabetes, mean age 65 years, agreed to participate in a training intervention study, 7 for strength training (BMI 25 kg/m2), 7 for vibration training (BMI 30 kg/m2) and 8 for controls (BMI 31 kg/m2). Each training session lasted 30 minutes, conducted twice a week over 12 weeks. Knee isometric strength of flexion and extension were measured. Shoulder training, lumbar extension and flexion before and after training, glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL after overnight fasting and a glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: BMI remained constant. Knee extension and flexion increased in both intervention groups, also shoulder strength and the strength of the lumbar extensors and flexors. HbA1c dropped from 6.7 to 6.4 % (p<0,05) in the vibration and from 6.8 to 6.2 % (p<0,05) in the strength training group. HDL increased from 52 to 59 mg/dl (p<0,05) in the strength training group. Also, the area under the glucose tolerance curve regressed in both groups. No changes of LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose and none at all in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: <BRVibration training may be recommended as well as strength training for improving glycemic parameters in DM women.
Intracerebral Epidermoid Cyst
2011-05-01

Intracerebral epidermoid cyst is a rarely discussed entity. The presence of a tumor in more than one lobe has never been discussed. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of the tumor have been presented in only 13 cases, mostly only T1 and T2 images. To our knowledge the intracerebral location of the tumor has only been shown once on fluid attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion weighted imaging sequences. We present a unique intracerebral epidermoid cyst involving more than one lobe and depict the characteristic imaging of tumor on fluid attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion weighted imaging.
FDG-PET/CT for staging of peritoneal carcinomatosis before peritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy - Is there an additional benefit of contrast-enhanced CT?
2011-05-01

587 Objectives Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have a significant impact on patient survival in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The preoperative determination of tumor spread is crucial for adequate patient selection, with FDG-PET/CT being most promising. Does contrast-enhanced (ce) PET/CT provide additional information for a more accurate prediction of peritoneal tumor load in comparison to low-dose (ld) PET/CT? Methods In 42 patients, Sugarbaker’s Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) was determined by intraoperative assessment as a gold standard. PET/CT with ldCT (120 kV, 30 mAs) and ceCT (multiphase, 120 kV, 120-250 mAs) was reviewed independently and in a blinded fashion by two experienced readers in consensus in 22 patients (13 gastrointestinal, 8 ovarian cancer, 1 mesothelioma), and PCI was determined. All patients had negative oral contrast and i.v. butylscopolamin administered. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were performed. Results PCI values determined by PET/ceCT correlated closely with those obtained by surgical assessment (mean 18.6, range 2-39, Pearson’s r = 0.95). There was a slightly lower correlation for ceCT alone (r = 0.91) and a significantly lower correlation for PET alone (r = 0.79; p = 0.002). With PET/ldCT, the deviation of the mean PCI from surgical PCI was -2.3 (mean absolute error MAE 5.5) and correlation was lower (r = 0.77) in comparison with -0.1 (MAE 2.6) for PET/ceCT (r = 0.95). Conclusions CeCT significantly adds benefit to FDG-PET/CT for the assessment of tumor spread in peritoneal cancer patients prior to HIPEC
Symmetry Breaking by Electric Discharges in Water and Formation of Light Magnetic Monopoles in an Extended Standard Model (Part II)
2011-05-01

By Lochak (theory) and Urutskoev (experiment) the hypothesis has been suggested that during electric discharges in water (fluids) light magnetic monopoles can be created which according to Lochak should be considered as a kind of excited neutrinos. Based on a quantum field theoretic development of de Broglie’s and Heisenberg’s fusion ideas and the results of preceding papers a transparent proof is given that such magnetic monopoles can occur during discharges. In the theoretical description these circumstances are formulated within the scope of an extended (effective) Standard Model and the monopoles with vanishing electric charge arise from neutrinos whose states are modified by the symmetry breaking caused by the discharge. In the introduction some technical implications are referred to. The article is divided into two parts.
Mu opiate receptor status and pain induced C-11-carfentanil (CFN) displacement in fibromyalgia
2011-05-01

447 Objectives Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain condition believed to result from altered central pain processing, in particular impaired descending inhibition. Our aim was to investigate alterations in the opioidergic system in FMS. Methods 8 FMS pts. and 10 controls, all AA homocygous (A118G OPRM1 polymorphism), underwent two PET with the mu-opiate receptor (MOR) ligand C-11-carfentanil (CFN, max. 625 MBq injected as bolus plus constant infusion), during one of which painful heat stimulation was applied. After realignment and spatial normalisation, voxelwise BPND was calculated from equilibrium AUC ratio (36 to 66 min. p.i., reference: occ. cortex). CFN-displacement was expressed as ΔBPND = (BPND_baseline - BPND_stimul.) / (BPND_baseline). BPND and ΔBPND were compared with pain interference (interference scale, IS, Multidim. Pain Inventory) and the slope (S) of pain ratings during stimulation (S>0: sensitization; S Results SPM analysis showed elevated BPND in FMS in the cingulate, including anterior cingulate, in the medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus. In pts, mean BPND extracted from this cluster was elevated by 24% and negatively correlated with IS (p Conclusions Elevated MOR levels in FMS as well as the positive correlation between IS and pain induced β-endorphin release (ΔBPND) are likely secondary to FMS and in agreement with the notion of impaired descending inhibition. Relatively mild symptoms in patients with higher BPND might reflect their ability to increase sensitivity to endogenous β-endorphine by MOR upregulation. Research Support Baden-Wurttemberg State Research Prize (H. Flor
Observation concerning the process dependence of the Sivers functions
2011-05-02

The -moment of a quark's Sivers function is known to be related to\\nthe corresponding twist-three quark-gluon correlation function .\\nThe two functions have been extracted from data for single-spin asymmetries in\\nsemi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and in single-inclusive hadron\\nproduction in collisions, respectively. Performing a consistent comparison\\nof the extracted functions, we find that they show a "sign mismatch": while the\\nmagnitude of the functions is roughly consistent, the -moment of the\\nSivers function has opposite sign from that of , both for up and\\nfor down quarks. Barring any inconsistencies in our theoretical understanding\\nof the Sivers functions and their process dependence, the implication of this\\nmismatch is that either, the Sivers effect is not dominantly responsible for\\nthe observed single-spin asymmetries in collisions or, the current\\nsemi-inclusive lepton scattering data do not sufficiently constrain the\\n -moment of the quark Sivers functions. Both possibilities strengthen\\nthe case for further experimental investigations of single-spin asymmetries in\\nhigh-energy and scattering.\\n
FeII oxidation by molecular O2 during HCl extraction
2011-05-02

Environmental context In the environment, iron exists mainly as FeII and FeIII and plays an important role in biogeochemical processes. The FeII and FeIII content is often quantified by hydrochloric acid extraction and the acid is thought to prevent FeII oxidation by oxygen. However, we found that with increasing HCl concentration and temperature, oxidation of FeII by oxygen is accelerated. Therefore, in order to obtain reliable results extractions should be performed with dilute HCl or in the absence of oxygen. Abstract HCl is commonly used to stabilise FeII under oxic conditions and is often included in Fe extractions. Although FeII oxidation by molecular O2 in HCl is described in the field of hydrometallurgy, this phenomenon has not been systematically studied in environmentally relevant systems. The extent of FeII oxidation by O2 during extraction of soils and magnetite by HCl and in HCl/FeCl2 solutions was therefore quantified. FeII was stable in 1 M HCl at room temperature for several days, whereas in 6 M HCl at 70°C, 90% of the FeII was oxidised within 24 h. In the absence of O2, no FeII oxidation occurred. Experiments at low pH with increasing H+ or Cl– concentration alone and geochemical modelling suggested that the formation of complexes of FeII and HCl may be responsible for the observed FeII oxidation. The use of strictly anoxic conditions for Fe extraction by HCl to obtain reliable Fe redox speciation data is therefore recommended.
HDAC inhibitor MS‐275 attenuates the inflammatory reaction in rat experimental autoimmune prostatitis
2011-05-02

Abstract BACKGROUND Experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of male sex accessory glands and is characterized by a cellular and humoral prostate‐specific autoimmune response. EAP shares important clinical and immunological features with human chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome. MS‐275, a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor, has promising anti‐inflammatory activities and might be a new agent in the therapy of prostate inflammation. METHODS EAP rats were treated with MS‐275 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) once daily. Using immunohistochemistry and PCR assay, we determined immune cellular responses and infiltration into the prostate glands, and changes of mRNA levels of representative inflammatory molecules in prostate tissue. Changes in Foxp3 + CD4 + cell populations of lymph nodes and peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry. Additionally, direct anti‐inflammatory effects of MS‐275 were investigated in vitro with a macrophage cell line. RESULTS MS‐275 treatment significantly reduced the local accumulation of immune cells and mRNA levels of representative pro‐inflammatory molecules in prostate tissue. Furthermore, MS‐275 treatment increased percentage of Foxp3 + CD4 + Treg cells in lymph nodes and their proportion to CD4 + cells in peripheral blood, and induced a relative increase of ED2 + macrophage numbers in EAP prostate. Additional in vitro study showed that MS‐275 induced a switch of macrophages from classic M1 to anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data demonstrated that MS‐275 could effectively suppress inflammatory reaction in EAP, through suppressing immune cells and pro‐inflammatory molecules, and inducing anti‐inflammatory immune cells and molecules, which may suggest MS‐275 as a potential candidate for treatment of inflammatory prostatitis. Prostate 72:90–99, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
System consolidation of memory during sleep
2011-05-03

Over the past two decades, research has accumulated compelling evidence that sleep supports the formation of long-term memory. The standard two-stage memory model that has been originally elaborated for declarative memory assumes that new memories are transiently encoded into a temporary store (represented by the hippocampus in the declarative memory system) before they are gradually transferred into a long-term store (mainly represented by the neocortex), or are forgotten. Based on this model, we propose that sleep, as an offline mode of brain processing, serves the 'active system consolidation' of memory, i.e. the process in which newly encoded memory representations become redistributed to other neuron networks serving as long-term store. System consolidation takes place during slow-wave sleep (SWS) rather than rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The concept of active system consolidation during sleep implicates that (a) memories are reactivated during sleep to be consolidated, (b) the consolidation process during sleep is selective inasmuch as it does not enhance every memory, and (c) memories, when transferred to the long-term store undergo qualitative changes. Experimental evidence for these three central implications is provided: It has been shown that reactivation of memories during SWS plays a causal role for consolidation, that sleep and specifically SWS consolidates preferentially memories with relevance for future plans, and that sleep produces qualitative changes in memory representations such that the extraction of explicit and conscious knowledge from implicitly learned materials is facilitated.
Successful Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania aethiopica with Liposomal Amphothericin B in an Immunocompromised Traveler Returning from Eritrea
2011-05-03

Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania aethiopica is rarely encountered outside disease-endemic areas and there have been no clinical trials evaluating its pharmacotherapy. We describe the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. aethiopica using liposomal amphothericin B in an immunocompromised traveler returning from Eritrea.
The focal surface of the JEM-EUSO instrument
2011-05-03

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on JEM/EF (JEM-EUSO) is a space mission to study extremely high-energy cosmic rays. The JEM-EUSO instrument is a wide-angle refractive telescope in the near-ultraviolet wavelength region which will be mounted to the International Space Station. Its goal is to measure time-resolved fluorescence images of extensive air showers in the atmosphere. In this paper we describe in detail the main features and technological aspects of the focal surface of the instrument. The JEM-EUSO focal surface is a spherically curved surface, with an area of about 4.5 m2. The focal surface detector is made of more than 5000 multi-anode photomultipliers (MAPMTs). Current baseline is Hamamatsu R11265-03-M64. The approach to the focal surface detector is highly modular. Photo-Detector-Modules (PDM) are the basic units that drive the mechanical structure and data acquisition. Each PDM consists of 9 Elementary Cells (ECs). The EC, which is the basic unit of the MAPMT support structure and of the front-end electronics, contains 4 units of MAPMTs. In total, about 1 200 ECs or about 150 PDMs are arranged on the whole of the focal surface of JEM-EUSO.