julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Relation between Regional Functional MRI Activation and Vascular Reactivity to Carbon Dioxide during Normal Aging
2003-05-01

Recent blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown a reduction of cerebral activation during aging, which may be associated with age-related changes of the cerebral vascular system. The authors used a global hypercapnic breath-holding challenge to define nonneuronal contributions to a significantly reduced activation in the primary sensorimotor cortex during finger tapping in a group of old (n = 6; mean age 65 years) compared with a group of young (n = 6; mean age 27 years) subjects. Within significantly activated voxels in both groups during finger tapping, the mean BOLD signal amplitudes were significantly smaller in the group of older subjects for both tasks. In those voxels showing significant activation only in young subjects during finger tapping, the response to hypercapnia was also greatly diminished in older subjects. The attenuated hypercapnic BOLD signal response in older subjects within this region suggests that age-dependent changes of the cerebral vasculature may alter the neuronal–vascular coupling. In older subjects, cerebral vessels may not react as effectively in response to a vasodilating stimulus, which will lead to differences in the number of voxels that pass a criterion threshold despite similar neuronal activation.
Vascular Dominance in the Forearm
2003-05-01

The dominance of the radial or ulnar artery at the forearm level and their contributions to the circulation of the hand remain a matter of contention. Therefore, the authors proposed to investigate the predominance of one of these arteries first by anatomic studies on 40 fresh cadaver upper extremities, and then by dynamic studies. The dynamic studies included color Doppler sonography in 22 individuals (44 hands) and five-channel plethysmography in 40 individuals (40 right hands). It was found that the ulnar artery is dominant at the elbow, but after originating its collateral branches, the radial artery becomes the dominant artery in the distal forearm and, consequently, constitutes the major source of vascularization to the hand. The ulnar artery is rarely dominant at the forearm level and is physiologically less important. Therefore, there is no hemodynamic reason to prefer the radial artery to the ulnar artery for any invasive maneuvers.
The Palaeogene forearc basin of the Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians: subduction erosion and basin evolution
2003-05-01

Scarce Palaeogene sediment remnants in the Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians are interpreted as remains of a continuous forearc basin. New apatite fission-track geochronological data corroborate mild Paleocene–Eocene exhumation and relief formation in the Eastern Alps. Palinspastic restoration and nine palaeogeographical maps of the Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians ranging from the Paleocene to the Late Oligocene epoch illustrate west to east migration of subsidence in the forearc basin. Subsidence isochrons indicate that oblique subduction of the European plate below the Adriatic plate was responsible for forearc basin migration at a rate of 8 mm a −1 . The Periadriatic Lineament was formed as a result of shearing by oblique subduction. The Neogene to recent Sumatra forearc basin is an analogue for the evolution of the East Alpine–West Carpathian forearc basin.
Hermeneutical theology
2003-05-01

As in modernity appropriation has become more important than dedication and communication, the modern Narcissus, captured in self-relation, sees only his own projections. A change of the polarity of our attention is therefore necessary: from the human who appropriates to the God who communicates, who is himself a hermeneut. This means that neither Schleiermacher's nor Bultmann's hermeneutic of regression should be followed; both are shy of talking about the God who is not only already in us, but who comes to us – and this advent is mediated through creaturely means. God the creator is – in accordance with the Nicene Creed – the ‘Poet’, the one who does what he says, and says what he does. This communication needs a space of hearing and reading; its text vindicates the relative autonomy over the author as well as over the reader. The human being in its modern subjectivity ignores this and either transcends the text (Hegel and Barth) or goes behind the text (Schleiermacher and Bultmann). Instead, the aim should be to have a relationship, an engagement with the text, to have, quite frankly, ‘intercourse’ with it, as Luther translates ‘meditatio’. The crucial question is therefore not: ‘How do I understand the given biblical text?’, but ‘How does the given biblical text give itself to me to understand it – so that I am understood?’
Prediction of Aqueous Solubility and Partition Coefficient Optimized by a Genetic Algorithm Based Descriptor Selection Method
2003-05-01

The paper describes a fast and flexible descriptor selection method using a genetic algorithm variant (GA-SEC). The relevance of the descriptors will be measured using Shannon entropy (SE) and differential Shannon entropy (DSE), which have very sparse memory requirements and allow the processing of huge data sets. A small quantity of the most important descriptors will be used automatically to build a value prediction model. The most important descriptors are not a linear combination of other descriptors, but transparent, pure descriptors. We used an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict the aqueous solubility logS and the octanol/water partition coefficient logP. The logS data set was divided into a training set of 1016 compounds and a test set of 253 compounds. A correlation coefficient of 0.93 and an empirical standard deviation of 0.54 were achieved. The logP data set was divided into a training set of 1853 compounds and a test set of 138 compounds. A correlation coefficient of 0.92 and an empirical standard deviation of 0.44 were achieved.
14-3-3 Proteins Are Constituents of the Insoluble Glycoprotein Framework of the Chlamydomonas Cell Wall
2003-05-01

The cell wall of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii consists predominantly of Hyp-rich glycoproteins, which also occur in the extracellular matrix of multicellular green algae and higher plants. In addition to the Hyp-rich polypeptides, the insoluble glycoprotein framework of the Chlamydomonas cell wall contains minor amounts of 14-3-3 proteins, as revealed by immunochemical studies and mass spectroscopic analysis of tryptic peptides. Polypeptides immunologically related to the 14-3-3 proteins also were found in the culture medium of Chlamydomonas. The levels of two of these 14-3-3-related polypeptides were decreased in the culture medium of the wall-deficient mutant cw-15. These findings indicate that 14-3-3 proteins are involved in the cross-linking of Hyp-rich glycoproteins in the Chlamydomonas cell wall.
CDCP1 Is a Novel Marker for Hematopoietic Stem Cells
2003-05-01

A bstract : CDCP1 is a transmembrane protein that contains three CUB domains within the extracellular region and a hexalysine stretch within the cytoplasmic region. CDCP1 mRNA is highly expressed in lung and colon tumors and in the erythroleukemic cell line K562. To analyze CDCP1 protein expression, monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular domain of CDCP1 were raised. For this purpose, CDCP1 was overexpressed in NIH‐3T3 cells. Balb/c mice were then immunized with the resultant cell line NIH‐3T3/huCDCP1. After fusion of SP2/0 cells with immune spleen cells, hybridoma clones were selected that secreted antibodies reacting with NIH‐3T3/huCDCP1 cells but not with parental cells. Four antibodies (CUB1‐CUB4) were obtained that fulfilled these criteria. Screening of peripheral blood cells revealed that the antibodies did not recognize mature lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes, or platelets. In contrast, multi‐color analyses revealed that CDCP1 protein is almost exclusively expressed on a subset of CD34 + stem/progenitor cells in bone marrow. Transplantation of purified CDCP1 + cells into NOD/SCID mice resulted in engraftment of human cells with multi‐lineage differentiation potential, suggesting that CDCP1 is a novel marker for hematopoietic stem cells.
Disturbed Sound Lateralization in Patients with Spatial Neglect
2003-05-01

Abstract Previous studies on auditory space perception in patients with neglect have investigated localization of free-field-sound stimuli or lateralization of dichotic stimuli that are perceived intracranially. Since those studies in part revealed contradictory results, reporting either systematic errors to the left or systematic errors to the right, we reassessed the ability of auditory lateralization in patients with right hemispheric lesions with and without neglect. Unexpectedly, about half of the patients with neglect showed erratic judgments on sound position, that is, they were completely unable to lateralize sounds. The remaining neglect patients only showed a small deviation of the auditory median plane to the left side, indicating that they perceived the sounds as slightly shifted to the right side. The comparison between both groups revealed higher severity of neglect in the group of neglect patients who were unable to perform the task, suggesting that the inability of sound lateralization was associated with the strength of clinical neglect. However, we also observed 1 out of 9 patients with left brain damage who was not able to lateralize spatial sounds. This patient did not show any symptoms of spatial neglect. Thus, it may be that a spatial auditory deficit, such as that observed here in right-braindamaged patients, only co-occurs with spatial neglect if the right superior temporal cortex is lesioned.
Rapid Screening for Streptococcus agalactiae in Vaginal Specimens of Pregnant Women by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization
2003-05-01

ABSTRACT Group B streptococci (GBS) are the most frequent pathogens in neonates with sepsis. A rapid screening method is required to identify carriage of GBS in pregnant women at the time of delivery. In order to detect GBS in vaginal specimens, the efficiency of the standard culture versus fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was investigated. In 258 examined vaginal specimens, FISH identified 58 of the 59 GBS-positive samples (98.3%), whereas by means of standard culture only 38 specimens were positive (64.4%). We recommend FISH as a rapid, specific, highly sensitive screening technique for the detection of GBS in pregnant women at delivery.
Acceptance of video‐based teaching in paediatric dentistry by undergraduate dental students
2003-05-01

Five cohorts of undergraduate students ( n = 160) were filmed on video tape while performing paediatric treatments. Sequences of these recordings were shown 1 day later and discussed. Thus, within one term each student was able to view himself as well as fellow students on video. After the completion of the clinical course in paediatric dentistry, students were asked by means of a questionnaire about the acceptance and benefits of video‐based teaching in paediatric dentistry. 95.5% welcomed the use of video in paediatric dentistry. Concerning the benefits gained from the video showing the treatment that had been performed by the student himself, 83.4% said they had gained new insights in their own behaviour and 80.3% thought these insights to be useful for their clinical work. For the video showing treatments by fellow students, numbers were higher: 84.7 and 89.8%, respectively. Gender‐specific differences revealed that women feel more disturbed by the fact that they are being filmed (7.8% vs. 14.9%), some even think that they would have performed a better treatment without the video. Out of four didactical means, video gained the highest vote, followed by seminars, lectures and slides. It is concluded that the use of video is a valuable didactical means that should be considered in teaching undergraduate students.
Recent Developments in European Colloid Solutions
2003-05-01

Coagulopathy resulting from hydroxyethyl starch (HES) administration is well documented for high-molecular-weight, highly substituted HES solutions. These are the only starch-based synthetic colloids approved for volume replacement in the United States. Recent developments in European colloid solutions revolve around designing new starch molecules. By increasing the C2:C6 ratio and decreasing the molar substitution to 0.4, a new HES with a molecular weight of 130,000 was introduced. This solution is without significant influence on coagulation. Actual experimental work is concentrating on modulating the inflammatory response of monocytes and endothelial cells after infusion of colloid solutions. This may help prevent or even correct capillary leak, and the intravascular persistence of infused colloidal might be prolonged.
Antibody W7C5 Defines a CD109 Epitope Expressed on CD34+ and CD34− Hematopoietic and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subsets
2003-05-01

A bstract : The cell surface antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody W7C5 is expressed at low levels on human CD34 + and CD34 − bone marrow stem cell populations but at high levels on fetal liver CD34 + cells. To identify the recognized antigen, we performed partial amino acid sequence and MALDI analysis of purified W7C5 antigens. The analyses revealed that MoAb W7C5 detects CD109, a recently cloned glycophosphatidylinositol‐linked glycoprotein. The specificity of MoAb W7C5 was further confirmed by the selective recognition of CHO cells transfected with human CD109 cDNA.
Anpressdruck über sechs Wochen eines speziell für die Behandlung des venösen Ulkus entwickelten Kompressionsstrumpfes
2003-05-01

Background: The most important component in the treatment of venous ulcers is compression therapy. The function of compression therapy is the pressure exterted on the extrafascial and intrafascial venous system. Therefore the interface pressure of specially designed compressions stockings for the treatment of venous ulcers are in the focus of interest. Patients and methods: We examined 20 patients (6 men and 14 women) with chronic venous insufficiency in CEAP stages C S0-4 E P AS 1-3 P R . Interface pressure was measured under the Venotrain® Ulcertec over an observation period of six weeks with piezoresistance sensors at four different sites on the lower leg and with the patient in different body positions. Results:Resting pressure supine at the ankle corresponded to compression class III and was constant over the period of six weeks (mean difference 2.8 SD 15.3 mmHg, p = 0.49). Working pressure explained as the quotient of maximum pressure during tiptoing/resting pressure in standing position was initially at the ankle 1.70 SD 0.44 and after 6 weeks 1.44 SD 0.29 (mean difference 0.27 SD 0.42, p &lt; 0.03). Conclusions: The compression stocking maintained a therapeutically effective pressure profile over a period of six weeks. Working interface pressure was comparable to that of short-stretch compression bandages applied by an experienced bandager immediately after application.
Linkage to the CCM2 Locus and Genetic Heterogeneity in Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
2003-05-01

ABSTRACT: Background: Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a form of intracranial vascular disease that may arise sporadically or be dominantly inherited. Linkage studies have revealed genetic heterogeneity among the dominantly inherited forms suggesting the existence of at least three loci called CCM1, CCM2 and CCM3. Methods: In the present study, we screened five families with dominantly inherited CCM for CCM1 gene mutations with denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). Then, we performed linkage analysis and haplotyping on these five families using highly polymorphic markers at the candidate CCM loci. Results: None of the five families tested with DHPLC were found to have mutations in the CCM1 gene. Based on haplotyping, we identified three families segregating alleles for CCM2, while two families segregated alleles for CCM3. Using linkage analysis, we could confirm that one family (IFCAS-1) had a positive Lod score of 2.03 (p&lt;0.0001) at the CCM2 locus using marker D7S678. Conclusions: The present study is the first one to replicate linkage at the CCM2 locus and provides a fifth family identified as such. It also supports the concept of genetic heterogeneity in CCM, identifying four other families that showed no mutations in the CCM1 gene.
Nonpeptide Mediators in the Hematopoietic Microenvironment
2003-05-01

A bstract : Migration of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs) is controlled by chemotactic factors released in the hematopoietic microenvironment. In particular, the chemokine SDF‐1, which activates the G protein‐coupled receptor (GPR) CXCR4, plays an important role in progenitor cell mobilization and homing. However, we provide evidence that ligands of other GPRs similarly act on CD34 + hematopoietic progenitors. These ligands comprise non‐peptide mediators, including the cysteinyl‐leukotriene receptor CysLT1, and stimulate migration and integrin‐dependent adhesion of HPCs. Moreover, continuous activation of a GPR by a specific ligand upregulates the responsiveness of other GPRs to their corresponding ligands. These findings suggest that HPC migration may not depend on a single chemokine receptor (e.g., CXCR4). Rather, mobilization and homing of HPCs involve several GPRs, which interact with each other as well as with adhesion molecules. Pharmacological activation and inhibition of the GPR may allow HPC mobilization and homing to be modulated.
Effective Mummification Compounds Used in Pharaonic Egypt: Reactivity on Bone Alkaline Phosphatase
2003-05-01

In Pharaonic Egypt from the Old Kingdom up to the Ptolemaic Period the deceased were pre-treated in the course of the mummification process using a wealth of embalming components including resins and many different wood tars. GC/MS studies allowed the elucidation of a great number of clearly separated compounds found in the ancient embalming material. Phenols, guaiacols, naphthalenes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, oxidised diterpene resin acids and triterpenoids were noticed. These results and particularly the detection of an unused embalming material shed some new light on the possible way as to how the different embalming materials might have been prepared and applied. It was striking to see the accordance of the present data with the well-known treatises by Herodotus (490-425 B. C.) and by Pliny the Elder (23/24-79 A. C.). The impact of the historical observations on modern science and in return the dramatic promotion of ancient texts stimulated by the present study is intriguing. An enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, bound inside mummified bones was a useful tool to reveal the efficacy of the embalming materials. Initial data showed that alkaline phosphatase isolated from embalmed bones from the Old Kingdom and the Ptolemaic Period was significantly more abundant and displayed a higher activity compared to the properties of the corresponding enzyme from non-treated mummified bones. Additionally, in a model study porcine ribs were pre-treated with four selected embalming compounds - guaiacol, limonene, α-pinene and p-cymene - and subsequently air-dried. Among the four selected compounds guaiacol was the most reactive species in the course of the preservation process. The specific activity of bone alkaline phosphatase rose 12-fold compared to that of the control. The enzyme itself remained unharmed as the observed relative molecular mass was surprisingly identical with the contemporary enzyme. It was again striking that the guaiacol derivatives were richly abundant in the unused embalming material mentioned above.
Synthesis of Nitrido(phthalocyaninato)metal(V) Complexes RnPcMN (M = Re, Mo, W) and New Compounds with Nitrido‐Bridges between Rhenium and Elements of the Third Main Group
2003-05-01

Abstract New tetra‐ and octasubstituted nitrido(phthalocyaninato)metal(V) complexes R n PcMN (M = Re, Mo, W) were synthesized to obtain soluble nitrido‐bridged phthalocyanines. Phthalocyanines with nitrido bridges between rhenium and boron, aluminium, gallium and indium, respectively, were synthesized from nitrido(tetra‐ tert. ‐butylphthalocyaninato)rhenium(V) complex, t Bu 4 PcReN and suitable electrophilic reagents like BCl 3 , B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 , BPh 3 , BEt 3 , AlCl 3 , GaCl 3 , GaBr 3 , InCl 3 , etc. The nitrido‐bridged compounds prepared show different stabilities depending on the substituents at the boron atom. Additionally, the possibility to increase the nucleophilicity of (C 5 H 11 ) 8 PcWN by reducing this complex with C 8 K was studied. The reaction of the reduced complex with electrophiles, e.g. with t BuMeSiCl, Ph 3 SiCl and Me 3 GeCl indicates the formation of nitrogen‐bridged complexes.
Verbesserung der Hautdurchblutung durch die transdermale Applikation von PGE1-Ethylesther bei systemischer Sklerodermie
2003-05-01

Background: Patients with systemic scleroderma exhibit a noticeable slowing of blood cell velocities or even stasis in the capillaries of the skin. In this study the effects of transdermally applied prostaglandin PGE 1 ethyl ester on nutritive cutaneous perfusion and on Raynaud’s symptoms were investigated. Patients and methods: 24 patients with systemic scleroderma were treated transdermally over a period of 14 days with prostaglandin E 1 ethyl ester patches. The response of blood cell velocity in the nailfold capillaries to cold exposure was tested in 20 patients, and all of the patients recorded the number of Raynaud’s episodes in a journal over a period of two weeks. Results: After the transdermal application of prostaglandin E 1 ethyl ester there was an increase in blood cell velocity in the nutritive capillaries of systemic scleroderma patients (increase from 0.35 ± 0.14 mm/s to 0.47 ± 0.11 mm/s, (p &lt; 0.05)). At the same time there was a decrease in the number of Raynaud’s episodes (2.9 ± 2.4 per day to 2.6 ± 2.0 per day (p &lt; 0.05)). Conclusion: The transdermal application of prostaglandin E 1 ethyl ester was shown to have a favourable effect on nutritive blood flow in the capillaries of the skin in systemic scleroderma patients.
KINETICS OF VACUUM PAIR CREATION IN STRONG ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
2003-05-01

We study particle - antiparticle pair production under action of a strong time dependent space homogeneous electric field at the presence of a collinear constant magnetic field. We derive the kinetic equation for a such field configuration for fermions and bosons in the framework of the Schwinger mechanism of vacuum tunneling. We show the enhancement of pair production for fermions with the increasing of the magnetic field as in the case of the constant electromagnetic field. We have constructed closed set of equations, which can be applied to some actual problems with manifestation of strong electromagnetic fields, e.g., it is essential in the framework of the Flux Tube Model of Quark - Gluon Plasma generation; for describing some cosmological objects and especially because of the planned experiments on creation of subcritical fields in the X-Free Electron Laser pulses.