julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Genomic structure of the mouse trefoil factor (Tff) gene cluster in 17q
2000-05-01

Abstract Introduction In vertebrates, trefoil factor (TFF) domain peptides constitute a class of peptides secreted by the mucous epithelia of the gastrointestinal tract. These peptides promote healing and protection in the gastrointestinal tract. Since the three known human genes are clustered in 21q22.3, a similar arrangement in a paralogous region was possible in mice. The murine intestinal trefoil factor is encoded by the gene Tff3 and was mapped to murine chromosome 17. Materials and methods Three bacterial and one yeast artificial chromosome recombinants (BAC and YAC) were identified and used for characterisation by PCR, restriction mapping, hybridisation, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Results and discussion Here we have characterised the genomic structure of all three mouse Tff genes starting with a contig formed by one YAC and three BACs. In a similar fashion to the TFF gene cluster in humans, the Tff genes cover a region of approx. 40 kb in the transcriptional order Tff1–Tff2–Tff3 and localised on mouse chromosome 17. Based on this conserved genomic structure, we propose a model of how mammalian TFF genes may have evolved by exon duplication and unequal crossing over.
Scrambling in German and the non-locality of local TDGs
2000-05-01

Existing analyses of German scrambling phenomena within TAG-related formalisms all use non-local variants of TAG. However, there are good reasons to prefer local grammars, in particular with respect to the use of the derivation structure for semantics. Therefore this paper proposes to use local TDGs, a TAG-variant generating tree descriptions that shows a local derivation structure. However the construction of minimal trees for the derived tree descriptions is not subject to any locality constraint. This provides just the amount of non-locality needed for an adequate analysis of scrambling. To illustrate this a local TDG for some German scrambling data is presented.
Contribution of trifluoperazine metabolites to the in vivo 19F NMR spectrum of rat brain
2000-05-01

Fluorine-19 NMR spectra were acquired from extracts of tissues from heads of rats given the antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine (TFP). Contributions to the in vivo 19F spectra from tissues other than brain were negligible. The in vivo 19F resonance at -62.3 ppm from CCl3F consisted of 6–8 resolved resonances in vitro. Some in vitro resonances were assigned to previously identified TFP metabolites. Multiple resonances in vitro partially explain the relatively large line width seen in vivo for TFP. Unidentified metabolites were observed at about -74 to -75 ppm in a number of spectra of extracts of brain and muscle. Magn Reson Med 43:756–759, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Differential Cellular Accumulation of Transforming Growth Factor–β1, –β2, and –β3 in Brains of Patients Who Died of Cerebral Malaria
2000-05-01

In cerebral malaria (CM), pathologic cytokine expression patterns are thought to contribute to disruption of the blood-brain barrier, inflammation, and astrocytic scar formation. Expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, -β2, and -β3 was analyzed in the brains of 7 patients who died with CM and in 8 control patients. In the brains of patients with CM, there were significantly (P = .0003) more TGF-β1-immunoreactive astrocytes adjacent to brain vessels with deposition of malarial pigment, significantly (P = .0081) more TGF-β2-expressing macrophages/microglial cells in glioses of ring hemorrhages and Dürck's granulomas, and significantly (P= .0022) more TGF-β3-expressing smooth-muscle cells and endothelial cells of brain vessels with sequestration. It is concluded that focal accumulation of TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3 provides evidence for their involvement in the reorganization process of the brain parenchyma, immunologic dysfunction, and endothelial cell activation in patients with CM.
Non-Abelian dual Meissner effect as color alignment in SU(2) lattice gauge theory
2000-05-03

A new gauge (m-gauge) condition is proposed by means of a generalization of\\nthe Maximal Abelian gauge (MAG). The new gauge admits a space time dependent\\nembedding of the residual U(1) into the SU(2) gauge group. This embedding is\\ncharacterized by a color vector . It turns out that this vector\\nonly depends of gauge invariant parts of the link configurations. Our numerical\\nresults show color ferromagnetic correlations of the field in\\nspace-time. The correlation length scales towards the continuum limit. For\\ncomparison with the MAG, we introduce a class of gauges which smoothly\\ninterpolates between the MAG and the m-gauge. For a wide range of the gauge\\nparameter, the vacuum decomposes into regions of aligned vectors . The\\n''neutral particle problem'' of MAG is addressed in the context of the new\\ngauge class.\\n
Identification and substrate specificity of a ferrichrome-type siderophore transporter (Arn1p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2000-05-05

Genes encoding transporters for heterologous siderophores have been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, of which SIT1, TAF1, and ENB1 encode the transporters for ferrioxamines, ferric triacetylfusarinine C and ferric enterobactin, respectively. In the present communication we have shown that a further gene encoding a member of the major facilitator superfamily, ARN1 (YHL040c), is involved in the transport of a specific class of ferrichromes, possessing anhydromevalonyl residues linked to Nδ-ornithine (ARN). Ferrirubin and ferrirhodin, which both are produced by filamentous fungi, are the most common representatives of this class of ferrichromes. A strain possessing a disruption in the ARN1 gene was unable to transport ferrirubin, ferrirhodin and also ferrichrome A, indicating that the encoded transporter recognizes anhydromevalonyl and the structurally-related methylglutaconyl side-chains surrounding the iron center. Ferrichromes possessing short-chain ornithine-Nδ-acetyl residues such as ferrichrome, ferricrocin and ferrichrysin, were excluded by the Arn1 transporter. Substitution of the iron-surrounding N-acyl chains of ferrichromes by propionyl residues had no effect, whereas substitution by butyryl residues led to recognition by the Arn1 transporter. This would indicate that a chain length of four C-atoms is sufficient to allow binding. Using different asperchromes (B1, D1) we also found that a minimal number of two anhydromevalonyl residues is sufficient for recognition by Arn1p. Contrary to the iron-surrounding N-acyl residues, the peptide backbone of ferrichromes was not an important determinant for the Arn1 transporter.
Low-dimensional dynamics and bifurcations in oscillator networks via bi-orthogonal spectral decomposition
2000-05-05

Many natural neural systems are functionally or hierarchically organized into interacting ensembles of neural populations. To investigate the dynamics in a hierarchical system of coupled bistable van der Pol oscillators we apply the bi-orthogonal decomposition into empirical orthogonal spatial and temporal modes. Within this method the dynamics and synchronized patterns are characterized by global, temporal and spatial entropy and energy. Different states of the network activity are identified as synchronous or asynchronous dynamics induced by external periodic input. Of particular interest is the ability of the bi-orthogonal decomposition to detect bifurcations following variations of the system parameter. Bifurcations correspond to crossings of the eigenvalues where an exchange of dominant modes takes place. In our simulations we observe a bifurcation induced by variations of input frequency and strength, identified as a saddle-node bifurcation of the unstable/stable pair of limit cycles.
Choice of heavy baryon currents in the relativistic three-quark model
2000-05-08

We test the sensitivity of bottom baryon observables with regard to the choice of the interpolating three-quark currents within the relativistic three-quark model. We have found that the semileptonic decay rates are clearly affected by the choice of currents, whereas the asymmetry parameters show only a very weak dependence on the choice of current.
Renormalized boson expansion for the 2νββ decay
2000-05-08

Two-neutrino double-beta (2νββ) Gamow-Teller transitions, 0+i→0+f and 0+i→2+f, are treated with a many-body Hamiltonian involving a Bonn-type realistic two-body interaction. The states involved in these transitions are described by a pnRQRPA approach. Transition operators are expanded in first order in terms of renormalized bosons. In this way the space of intermediate states is enlarged due to the states with two and three bosons. Important effects on both transition amplitudes and Ikeda sum rule are pointed out. For illustration the formalism is applied to the transition 82Se→82Kr.
Recognition of disease-specific patterns in FT-IR spectra of human sera
2000-05-08

Vibrational spectra in the mid-IR region show significant and reproducible correlation with the disease state of the blood donor. When focusing our 'disease pattern recognition (DPR)' approach onto the example of diabetes mellitus we can clearly separate samples obtained from healthy volunteers from those samples which organized from diabetes patients. Furthermore, we are able to differentiate between samples of type-1 diabetics and type-2 diabetics. For disease pattern recognition we use linear and/or regularized discriminant analysis. In a binary, supervised classification of an pair of the three disease states: healthy, diabetes type-1 and diabetes type-2, we consistently achieve sensitivities and specificities >= 80 percent. By setting stricter bounds on the range of acceptable probabilities of belonging to a certain class, we obtain even higher values for the sensitivity and the specificity on the expense of the fraction of 'crisply' classified samples. Since we are able to simultaneously quantify the concentrations of biochemical serum components like glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides from the identical set of spectra with regression coefficients > 90 percent, our approach allows for a direct cross-link between the molecule-based and the disease-based interpretation of the spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the γ‐Amino‐β‐hydroxy Acid of Hapalosin via an Asymmetric Dihydroxylation Route.
2000-05-09

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Early X-Ray/Ultraviolet Line Signatures of Gamma-RayBurst Progenitors andHypernovae
2000-05-10

We calculate the X-ray/UV spectral line signatures expected from the interaction of a gamma-ray burst afterglow and a dense pre-burst environment produced by the progenitor. We explore the conditions under which Fe line and edge equivalent widths of 1 keV can arise, and discuss the possibility of gaining information about possible progenitor scenarios using X-ray metal line spectra in the first few days of a burst. A wind or supernova shell around the burst produces an X-ray absorption line spectrum and later emission lines, while a hypernova funnel model produces mainly emission lines. The Fe \\ked can in some cases be more prominent than the Fe \\kal line. Under simple assumptions for the input continuum luminosity, current reports of observed Fe line luminosities are compatible with an Fe-enriched funnel model, while lower values are expected in shell models.
Mosaic rearrangement of chromosome 18: Characterization by FISH mapping and DNA studies shows trisomy 18p and monosomy 18p both of paternal origin
2000-05-15

Structural abnormalities of chromosome 18p mainly consist of isochromosomes of the short arm, which result in tetrasomy 18p. Trisomy 18p is much rarer, and less well characterized. We report on a 12-year-old girl with minor facial anomalies, delayed development, abnormal hands, atopic dermatitis, and hearing loss. She was mosaic for two abnormal cell lines in peripheral blood. In 90% of cells, a dicentric chromosome with duplication of the whole short arm of chromosome 18 resulted in trisomy 18p; 10% of cells had monosomy 18p, arising from a t(14;18)(p11;q11). FISH mapping, with multiple region specific and locus specific probes from the short and long arm of chromosome 18, showed that the structure of the dicentric chromosome 18 was 18pter-->18q23::18q11-->18pter. DNA polymorphisms for chromosome 18 showed that the abnormalities of chromosome 18 were paternal in origin. Combining all results, we could link the trisomy 18p and monosomy 18p to a common origin via a complex series of events in an early mitosis.
Mosaic rearrangement of chromosome 18: Characterization by FISH mapping and DNA studies shows trisomy 18p and monosomy 18p both of paternal origin
2000-05-15

Structural abnormalities of chromosome 18p mainly consist of isochromosomes of the short arm, which result in tetrasomy 18p. Trisomy 18p is much rarer, and less well characterized. We report on a 12-year-old girl with minor facial anomalies, delayed development, abnormal hands, atopic dermatitis, and hearing loss. She was mosaic for two abnormal cell lines in peripheral blood. In 90% of cells, a dicentric chromosome with duplication of the whole short arm of chromosome 18 resulted in trisomy 18p; 10% of cells had monosomy 18p, arising from a t(14;18)(p11;q11). FISH mapping, with multiple region specific and locus specific probes from the short and long arm of chromosome 18, showed that the structure of the dicentric chromosome 18 was 18pter→18q23::18q11→18pter. DNA polymorphisms for chromosome 18 showed that the abnormalities of chromosome 18 were paternal in origin. Combining all results, we could link the trisomy 18p and monosomy 18p to a common origin via a complex series of events in an early mitosis. Am. J. Med. Genet. 92:101–106, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Dynamic Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. Determination of the Enantiomerization Barriers of Oxazepam, Temazepam, and Lorazepam
2000-05-16

The temperature-dependent enantiomerization barriers of oxazepam, temazepam, and lorazepam have been determined between 0 and 30 degrees C by dynamic micellar electrokinetic chromatography (DMEKC) in an aqueous 20 mM borate/phosphate buffer system at pH 8 with 60 mM sodium cholate as chiral surfactant. Interconversion profiles featuring plateau formation and peak broadening were observed and simulated by the new program ChromWin based on the theoretical plate as well as on the stochastic model using the experimental data plateau height, hplateau, peak width at half-height, wh, total retention times, tR, and electroosmotic breakthrough time, t0. Peak form analysis yielded rate constants k and kinetic activation parameters, deltaG double dagger, deltaH double dagger, and deltaS double dagger, of the enantiomerization of oxazepam, temazepam, and lorazepam. At 25 degrees C, the enantiomerization barrier, deltaG double dagger, was determined to be approximately 90 kJ mol-1 and the half-lives, tau, were determined to be approximately 21 min. The new approach allows the fast and precise determination of enantiomerization barriers in a biogenic environment and it mimics physiological conditions, as no organic modifiers or abiotic chiral stationary phases (CSP) are employed.
Phosphocholine-containing, zwitterionic glycosphingolipids of adult Onchocerca volvulus as highly conserved antigenic structures of parasitic nematodes
2000-05-23

Human Onchocerca volvulus infection sera were found to recognize zwitterionic glycolipids of O. volvulus and to cross-react with those of other parasitic nematodes (Ascaris suum, Setaria digitata and Litomosoides sigmodontis). By the use of an epitope-specific monoclonal antibody, zwitterionic glycolipids of all these nematode species were observed to contain the antigenic determinant phosphocholine. A hyperimmune serum specific for arthro-series glycolipid structures reacted with the various neutral glycolipids of all these nematodes, which demonstrated that their oligosaccharide moieties belonged to the arthro-series of protostomial glycolipids. These results indicated that arthro-series glycosphingolipids carrying, in part, phosphocholine substituents, represent highly conserved, antigenic glycolipid markers of parasitic nematodes. Three glycolipid components of the O. volvulus zwitterionic fraction were structurally characterized by matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS, methylation analysis and exoglycosidase treatment. Their chemical structures were elucidated to be phosphocholine-6GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide, GalNAc(β1-4)[phosphocholine-6]GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide and Gal(α1-3)GalNAc(β1-4)[phosphocholine-6]GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(1-1)ceramide for the zwitterionic ceramide tri-, tetra- and penta-hexosides respectively. The ceramide composition was found to be dominated by 2-hydroxylated docosanoic (C22h:0), tricosanoic (C23h:0) and tetracosanoic (C24h:0) acids, and C17 sphingosine (Cd17:1) (where h is hydroxylated and d is dihydroxylated).
Gold Complexes with Potentially Tri- and Tetradentate Phosphinothiolate Ligands
2000-05-27

Reactions of [Au(PPh3)Cl], (Bu4N)[AuCl4] and the organometallic gold complex [Au(damp-C1,N)Cl2] (damp- = 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl) with the potentially tri- and tetradentate proligands PhP(C6H3-SH-2-R-3)2 (H2L1a, R = SiMe3; H2L1b, R = H) and P(C6H4-SH-2)3 (H3L2) result in the formation of mono- or dinuclear gold complexes depending on the precursor used. Monomeric complexes of the type [AuL1Cl] are formed upon the reaction with [Au(damp-C1,N)Cl2], but small amounts of dinuclear [AuL1]2 complexes with gold in two different oxidation states, +1 and +3, have been isolated as side-products. The dinuclear compounds are obtained in better yields from [AuCl4]-. A dinuclear complex having two Au(III) centers can be isolated from the reaction of [Au(PPh3)Cl] with H3L2, whereas from the reaction with H2L1b the mononuclear [Au(Ph3P)HL1b] is obtained, which contains a three-coordinate gold atom. Comparatively short gold-gold distances have been found in the dinuclear complexes (2.978(2) and 3.434(1) A). They are indicative of weak gold-gold interactions, which is unusual for gold(III).
Efficient detection of eye movements in video image sequences
2000-05-30

A system for automatic detection of eye movements in medical applications is presented. It is designed to register exactly the dynamic motions of human eyes. In principle, the system runs independently of specific applications and may be used for different medical diagnoses. The method for motion analysis is applied to video image sequences of the retina recorded by a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). A modified block-matching algorithm has been developed for tracking the ocular fundus in the SLO sequences. The image processing strategies implemented provide high reliability of the motion detection which is used to process off-line. Several modifications have been developed in order to take into account the video quality of the SLO sequences. Additionally, some improvements have been implemented to increase the speed of the software. The system includes a phase of automatic motion detection followed by a subsequent phase of manual quality control. In this latter phase, an efficient tool for error detection and correction guarantees high quality and security of movement detection, which is of great importance in clinical applications.
Phase II study of continuous 120-hour-infusion of mitomycin C as salvage chemotherapy in patients with progressive or rapidly recurrent gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma.
2000-05-31

The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic activity and safety of continuously infused (c.i.) mitomycin C in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas recurring after or progressing during chemotherapy. The patients were treated with mitomycin C 20 mg/m2 intravenously over a time period of 120 hours, followed by a 3-week rest. Seventy-eight patients were entered into the study. All the patients were assessable for toxicity and 72 for response evaluation, having completed at least one full course of chemotherapy. Among 52 colorectal cancer patients one single objective response (2%) was observed. Disease stabilisation was achieved in 11 patients (23%). Median survival time was 4.7 months (CI95%, 1.9 to 8.6). In 20 evaluable patients with gastric cancer, one complete and 5 partial remissions were observed [ORR: 30% (CI95%, 9.1-50.9%)]. The median response duration was 2.1 months (range, 2 to 6), and the median survival time 3.6 months (CI95%, 2.1 to 6.0). WHO degree III/IV mucositis, diarrhea and fever/infection each occurred in 6% of the patients. Thrombo- and leukocytopenia (WHO degree III/IV) occurred in 19% and 6% of the patients, respectively. Mitomycin C has some single-agent activity in advanced gastric cancer but no substantial efficacy was seen as in heavily pretreated colorectal carcinoma.
Algorithms for association rule mining — a general survey and comparison
2000-06-01

article Free Access Share on Algorithms for association rule mining — a general survey and comparison Authors: Jochen Hipp Wilhelm Schickard-Institute, University of TObingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany Wilhelm Schickard-Institute, University of TObingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyView Profile , Ulrich Güntzer Wilhelm Schickard-Institute, University of TObingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany Wilhelm Schickard-Institute, University of TObingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyView Profile , Gholamreza Nakhaeizadeh DaimlerChrysler AG, Research & Technology, FT3/AD, 89081 UIm, Germany DaimlerChrysler AG, Research & Technology, FT3/AD, 89081 UIm, GermanyView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGKDD Explorations NewsletterVolume 2Issue 1June, 2000 pp 58–64https://doi.org/10.1145/360402.360421Online:01 June 2000Publication History 581citation7,153DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations581Total Downloads7,153Last 12 Months602Last 6 weeks53 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
The thought translation device (TTD) for completely paralyzed patients
2000-06-01

The thought translation device trains locked-in patients to self-regulate slow cortical potentials (SCP's) of their electroencephalogram (EEG). After operant learning of SCP self-control, patients select letters, words or pictograms in a computerized language support program. Results of five respirated, locked-in-patients are described, demonstrating the usefulness of the thought translation device as an alternative communication channel in motivated totally paralyzed patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.