julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Actual practice of melanoma follow-up and treatment in Germany: results of a prospective, longitudinal cohort study
2014-12-15

Journal Article Actual practice of melanoma follow‐up and treatment in Germany: results of a prospective, longitudinal cohort study Get access E. Livingstone, E. Livingstone Department of Dermatology University Essen Hufelandstr. 55 45122 Essen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.K. Eigentler, T.K. Eigentler Department of Dermatology University Tübingen Liebermeisterstr. 25 72076 Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Windemuth‐Kieselbach, C. Windemuth‐Kieselbach Alcedis GmbH Winchesterstr. 3 35394 Gießen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Hauschild, A. Hauschild Department of Dermatology University Hopsital Schleswig‐Holstein Campus Kiel Schittenhelmstr. 7 24105 Kiel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Rompel, R. Rompel Department of Dermatology Kassel Clinical Centre Kassel Mönchebergstr. 41 34125 Kassel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. Trefzer, U. Trefzer Department of Dermatology Charité Berlin Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Nashan, D. Nashan Department of Dermatology University Freiburg Hauptstr. 7 79104 Freiburg GermanyDepartment of Dermatology Clinical Centre Mitte Beurhausstraße 40 44137 Dortmund Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Kilian, K. Kilian Department of Dermatology Ludwig‐Maximilians University Munich Frauenlobstrasse 9‐11 80337 München Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Debus, D. Debus Department of Dermatology University Nürnberg Prof.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Straße 1 90419 Nürnberg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.C. Kähler, K.C. Kähler Department of Dermatology University Hopsital Schleswig‐Holstein Campus Kiel Schittenhelmstr. 7 24105 Kiel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more A. Mauerer, A. Mauerer Department of Dermatology University Regensburg Franz‐Josef‐Strauss‐Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Möllenhoff, K. Möllenhoff Department of Dermatology Ruhr‐University Bochum Gudrunstr. 56 44791 Bochum Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Dippel, E. Dippel Department of Dermatology Clinical Centre Ludwigshafen Bremserstr. 79 67073 Ludwigshafen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Schadendorf D. Schadendorf Department of Dermatology University Essen Hufelandstr. 55 45122 Essen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 6, 1 June 2015, Pages 1646–1650, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13612 Published: 01 June 2015
From cells to muropeptide structures in 24 h: Peptidoglycan mapping by UPLC-MS
2014-12-16

Peptidoglycan (PGN) is ubiquitous in nearly all bacterial species. The PGN sacculus protects the cells against their own internal turgor making PGN one of the most important targets for antibacterial treatment. Within the last sixty years PGN composition has been intensively studied by various methods. The breakthrough was the application of HPLC technology on the analysis of muropeptides. However, preparation of pure PGN relied on a very time consuming method of about one week. We established a purification protocol for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which can be completely performed in plastic reaction tubes yielding pure muropeptides within 24 hours. The muropeptides can be analyzed by UPLC-MS, allowing their immediate determination. This new rapid method provides the feasibility to screen PGN composition even in high throughput, making it a highly useful tool for basic research as well as for the pharmaceutical industry.
GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM MASSIVE MAGNETARS FORMED IN BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS
2014-12-16

Binary neutron star (NS) mergers are among the most promising sources of\\ngravitational waves (GWs), as well as candidate progenitors for short Gamma-Ray\\nBursts (SGRBs). Depending on the total initial mass of the system, and the NS\\nequation of state (EOS), the post-merger phase can see a prompt collapse to a\\nblack hole, or the formation of a supramassive NS, or even a stable NS. In the\\ncase of post-merger NS (PMNS) formation, magnetic field amplification during\\nthe merger will produce a magnetar with a large induced mass quadrupole moment,\\nand millisecond spin. If the timescale for orthogonalization of the magnetic\\nsymmetry axis with the spin axis is sufficiently short the NS will radiate its\\nspin down energy primarily via GWs. Here we study this scenario for various\\noutcomes of NS formation: we generalise the set of equilibrium states for a\\ntwisted torus magnetic configuration to include solutions that, at a fixed\\nexterior dipole field, carry a larger magnetic energy reservoir; we hence\\ncompute their magnetic ellipticity and the strength of the expected GW signal\\nas a function of the magnitude of the dipole and toroidal field. The relative\\nnumber of GW detections from PMNSs and from binary NSs is a strong function of\\nthe NS equation of state (EOS), being higher (~ 1%) for the stiffest EOSs and\\nnegligibly small for the softest ones. For intermediate-stiffness EOSs, such as\\nthe n=4/7 polytrope recently used by Giacomazzo \\\\&amp; Perna or the GM1 used by\\nLasky et al., the relative fraction is ~0.3%; correspondingly we estimate a GW\\ndetection rate from stable PMNSs of ~ (0.1-1) yr with Advanced\\ndetectors, and of ~ (100-1000) yr with third generation detectors such\\nas the Einstein Telescope. Measurement of such GW signal would provide strong\\nconstraints on the NS EOS and on the nature of the binary progenitors giving\\nrise to SGRBs.\\n
ScatterJ: An ImageJ plugin for the evaluation of analytical microscopy datasets
2014-12-16

Summary We present ScatterJ, an ImageJ plugin that allows for extracting qualitative as well as quantitative information from analytical microscopy datasets. A large variety of analytical microscopy methods are used to obtain spatially resolved chemical information. The resulting datasets are often large and complex, and can contain information that is not obvious or directly accessible. ScatterJ extends and complements existing methods to extract information on correlation and colocalization from pairs of species‐specific or element‐specific maps. We demonstrate the possibilities to extract information using example datasets from biogeochemical studies, although the plugin is not restricted to this type of research. The information that we could extract from our existing data helped to further our understanding of biogeochemical processes such as mineral formation or heavy metal sorption. ScatterJ can be used for a variety of different two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) datasets such as energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy maps, 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy maps, and 2D scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy maps.
Early integration of bilateral touch in the primary somatosensory cortex
2014-12-16

Abstract Animal, as well as behavioural and neuroimaging studies in humans have documented integration of bilateral tactile information at the level of primary somatosensory cortex (SI). However, it is still debated whether integration in SI occurs early or late during tactile processing, and whether it is somatotopically organized. To address both the spatial and temporal aspects of bilateral tactile processing we used magnetoencephalography in a tactile repetition‐suppression paradigm. We examined somatosensory evoked‐responses produced by probe stimuli preceded by an adaptor, as a function of the relative position of adaptor and probe (probe always at the left index finger; adaptor at the index or middle finger of the left or right hand) and as a function of the delay between adaptor and probe (0, 25, or 125 ms). Percentage of response‐amplitude suppression was computed by comparing paired (adaptor + probe) with single stimulations of adaptor and probe. Results show that response suppression varies differentially in SI and SII as a function of both spatial and temporal features of the stimuli. Remarkably, repetition suppression of SI activity emerged early in time, regardless of whether the adaptor stimulus was presented on the same and the opposite body side with respect to the probe. These novel findings support the notion of an early and somatotopically organized inter‐hemispheric integration of tactile information in SI. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1506–1523, 2015 . © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Helical flow in three-dimensional nonstationary anisotropic heterogeneous porous media
2014-12-16

Characterizing the topology of three-dimensional steady-state flow fields is useful to describe the physical processes controlling the deformation of solute plumes and, consequently, obtain helpful information on mixing processes without solving the transport equation. In this work, we study the topology of flow in three-dimensional nonstationary anisotropic heterogeneous porous media. In particular, we apply a topological metric, i.e., the helicity density, and two complementary kinematic descriptors of mixing, i.e., stretching and folding, to investigate: (i) the flow field resulting from applying a uniform-in-the-average hydraulic gradient within a fully resolved heterogeneous three-dimensional porous medium with a nonstationary anisotropic covariance function of the locally isotropic hydraulic log conductivity; (ii) the flow field obtained by averaging a set of Monte Carlo realizations of the former field; (iii) the flow field obtained considering the blockwise uniform anisotropic effective conductivity tensor computed for the fully resolved case. While in the fully resolved case, the local helicity density is zero as a consequence of the local isotropy of hydraulic conductivity, it differs from zero in the other two cases. We show, therefore, that this topological metric is scale dependent and should be computed at the appropriate scale to be informative about the leading patterns of plume deformation. Indeed, streamlines are helical in all three cases at scales larger than the characteristic scale of spatial variability. We apply stretching and folding metrics to investigate the scales at which plume deformation is more influenced by helical motion than by the effect of small-scale spatial heterogeneity in the hydraulic-conductivity field. Under steady-state flow conditions, stretching, which quantifies the increasing length of an interface, dominates at short distances from a given starting plane, while folding, which describes how this interface is bent to fill a finite volume of space, dominates further downstream and can be correlated with the appearance of large-scale secondary motion. We conclude that three-dimensional flows in porous media may show a complex topology whose analysis is relevant for the description of plume deformation. These results have important implications for the understanding of mixing processes, as shown in detail in the companion paper focusing on solute transport.
Number processing and arithmetic skills in children with cochlear implants
2014-12-16

Though previous findings report that hearing impaired children exhibit impaired language and arithmetic skills, our current understanding of how hearing and the associated language impairments may influence the development of arithmetic skills is still limited. In the current study numerical/arithmetic performance of 45 children with a cochlea implant were compared to that of controls matched for hearing age, intelligence and sex. Our main results were twofold disclosing that children with CI show general as well as specific numerical/arithmetic impairments. On the one hand, we found an increased percentage of children with CI with an indication of dyscalculia symptoms, a general slowing in multiplication and subtraction as well as less accurate number line estimations. On the other hand, however, children with CI exhibited very circumscribed difficulties associated with place-value processing. Performance declined specifically when subtraction required a borrow procedure and number line estimation required the integration of units, tens, and hundreds instead of only units and tens. Thus, it seems that despite initially atypical language development, children with CI are able to acquire arithmetic skills in a qualitatively similar fashion as their normal hearing peers. Nonetheless, when demands on place-value understanding, which has only recently been proposed to be language mediated, hearing impaired children experience specific difficulties.
Antagonism between granulocytic maturation and deacetylase inhibitor-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukaemia cells
2014-12-16

Our results could explain the therapeutic limitations occurring with ATRA and class I HDACi combinations. Pro-apoptotic effects caused by pan-HDAC inhibition are not blunted by ATRA-induced differentiation and may provide a clinically interesting alternative.
From cells to muropeptide structures in 24 h: Peptidoglycan mapping by UPLC-MS
2014-12-16

Peptidoglycan \\(PGN) is ubiquitous in nearly all bacterial species.The PGN sacculus protects the cells against their own internal turgor making PGN one of the most important targets for antibacterial treatment.Within the last sixty years PGN composition has been intensively studied by various methods.The breakthrough was the application of HPLC technology on the analysis of muropeptides.However, preparation of pure PGN relied on a very time consuming method of about one week.We established a puri cation protocol for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which can be completely performed in plastic reaction tubes yielding pure muropeptides within 24 hours.The muropeptides can be analyzed by UPLC-MS, allowing their immediate determination.This new rapid method provides the feasibility to screen PGN composition even in high throughput, making it a highly useful tool for basic research as well as for the pharmaceutical industry.
Unconditional Uniqueness for the Cubic Gross‐Pitaevskii Hierarchy via Quantum de Finetti
2014-12-17

We present a new, simpler proof of the unconditional uniqueness of solutions to the cubic Gross‐Pitaevskii hierarchy in . One of the main tools in our analysis is the quantum de Finetti theorem. Our uniqueness result is equivalent to the one established in the celebrated works of Erdős, Schlein, and Yau. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender Stereotype Susceptibility
2014-12-17

Gender affects performance on a variety of cognitive tasks, and this impact may stem from socio-cultural factors such as gender stereotyping. Here we systematically manipulated gender stereotype messages on a social cognition task on which no initial gender gap has been documented. The outcome reveals: (i) Stereotyping affects both females and males, with a more pronounced impact on females. Yet an explicit negative message for males elicits a striking paradoxical deterioration in performance of females. (ii) Irrespective of gender and directness of message, valence of stereotype message affects performance: negative messages have stronger influence than positive ones. (iii) Directness of stereotype message differentially impacts performance of females and males: females tend to be stronger affected by implicit than explicit negative messages, whereas in males this relationship is opposite. The data are discussed in the light of neural networks underlying gender stereotyping. The findings provide novel insights into the sources of gender related fluctuations in cognition and behavior.
Building a bridgeâ€”an archeologist's perspective on the evolution of causal cognition
2014-12-17

The cognitive capacities of fossil humans cannot be studied directly. Taking the evolution of causal cognition as an example this article demonstrates the use of bridging arguments from archeological finds as starting point via identification/classification, behavioral reconstructions, and cognitive interpretations to psychological models. Generally, tool use is linked to some causal understanding/agent construal as the tool broadens the subject's specific capabilities by adding new characters to its action sphere. In human evolution, the distance between the primarily perceived problem and the solution satisfying this need increased markedly: from simple causal relations to effective chaining in secondary/modular tool use, and further to the use of composite tools, complementary tool sets and notional tools. This article describes the evolution of human tool behavior from the perspective of problem-solution-distance and discusses the implications for a linked development of causal cognition.
Structural and luminescence studies of the new nitridomagnesoaluminate CaMg2AlN3
2014-12-17

The luminescent nitridomagnesoaluminate, CaMg<sub>2</sub>AlN<sub>3</sub>, was synthesized in a closed system by solid-state reaction from binary nitrides. Structure solution was aided by ultrahigh-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
Assessment of cerebral dopamine D 2 / 3 -receptors in patients with bilateral vestibular failure
2014-12-17

Background: Absence of peripheral vestibular input in bilateral vestibular failure (BVF) has been suggested to induce plastic reorganization in various brain regions. Among several neurotransmitters, dopamine is known to play a key role in cortico-striatal-sensorimotor processing. However, the role of dopamine in vestibular plasticity is scantly documented. Objective: Assessment of D 2 / 3 -receptors in patients with BVF. Methods: D 2 / 3 -receptor-PET using [ 18 F]fallypride and MRI examinations were performed in 12 BVF-patients and 13 healthy controls. Results: BVF-patients showed reduced D 2 / 3 -receptor availability (approximately 40%) in the temporo-parieto-occipital cortex bilaterally, including the multisensory vestibular cortex and visual motion-sensitive areas (MT/MST), as well as in the striatum and the right thalamus. Longer illness duration was associated with bilaterally lower D 2 / 3 -receptor availability in the middle/superior temporal gyrus (GTm/s). D 2 / 3 -receptor availability in the right GTm/s and bilateral insula decreased with severity of symptoms. BVF-patients with oscillopsia showed reduced D 2 / 3 -receptor availability in the right MT/MST and midbrain tectum. Conclusions: Reduced D 2 / 3 -receptor availability in multisensory vestibular cortical network areas and basal ganglia may indicate a receptor down-regulation due to the lack of peripheral vestibular input. The more pronounced decline in D 2 / 3 -receptor availability in the multisensory vestibular cortex in patients with prolonged illness suggests the occurrence of progressive changes in dopamine transmission.
Ethnographies of Belonging and the Future in Kyrgyzstan Introduction to themed section of AEER
2014-12-17

Until the end of the 1980s, the vision of the now for the Kyrgyz pastoralists was elaborated in the framework of an omnipresent state. The running of herds over mountain pastures was organized by state entities (kolkhozes and sovkhozes) and the great majority of animals were effectively state-owned. The state system maintained roads and vehicles for livestock transport, the provision of veterinary services, and the marketing of wool and meat, as well as the provision for the other needs of Kyrgyz pastoralists’ livelihoods. Today, the pastoral landscape is scattered with the ruins of large livestock shelters, the doors and roofs of which have been pilfered for the needs of a much more small-scale, privately organized economy. As ownership of livestock and machinery passed to private hands in the mid-1990s, there was initially a catastrophic collapse of livestock herding as a basis of livelihood for most herders. As communities sought to reconstruct their future in the absence of the reliable state, their sense of belonging shifted from state entities to traditional concepts of relatedness remembered from their primordial past. Yet while the initial privatization was organized on the premise that collectivities based on extended kinship would replace the state organization, this proved unworkable in many ways. Such collectivities then fragmented and livelihoods became organized around families in the narrower sense. Thus, in a twenty year period, Kyrgyz herders have shifted from relying on the state organization of their lives, to an unstable primordial kinship, and now to a new set of orienting principles which hinge on complex assessments of what can assure the future. In this paper, based on fieldwork in Narin Province, we will examine how these transformations have taken place in pastoral livelihoods, as well as the challenges that have emerged in this environment of rapidly changing belonging in relation to livelihoods, kinship and the state.
Electronic Structure and Stability of Fluorophore–Nitroxide Radicals from Ultrahigh Vacuum to Air Exposure
2014-12-18

Thin film processes of organic radicals remain widely unknown, although these materials may have a significant technological potential. In aiming at their use in applications, we explore the electronic structure of thin films of a nitronyl nitroxide radical attached to a fluorophore core. According to our findings, this molecule maintains its radical function and, consequently, its sensing capabilities in the thin films. The films are characterized by a high structural degree of the molecular arrangement, coupled to strong vacuum and air stability that make this fluorophore-nitroxide radical an extremely promising candidate for application in electronics. Our work also identifies a quantitative correlation between the results obtained by the simultaneous use of X-ray photoemission and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. This result can be used as a standard diagnostic tool in order to link the (in situ-measured) electronic structure with classical ex situ paramagnetic investigations.
SBMLSimulator: A Java Tool for Model Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Systems Biology
2014-12-18

The identification of suitable model parameters for biochemical reactions has been recognized as a quite difficult endeavor. Parameter values from literature or experiments can often not directly be combined in complex reaction systems. Nature-inspired optimization techniques can find appropriate sets of parameters that calibrate a model to experimentally obtained time series data. We present SBMLsimulator, a tool that combines the Systems Biology Simulation Core Library for dynamic simulation of biochemical models with the heuristic optimization framework EvA2. SBMLsimulator provides an intuitive graphical user interface with various options as well as a fully-featured command-line interface for large-scale and script-based model simulation and calibration. In a parameter estimation study based on a published model and artificial data we demonstrate the capability of SBMLsimulator to identify parameters. SBMLsimulator is useful for both, the interactive simulation and exploration of the parameter space and for the large-scale model calibration and estimation of uncertain parameter values.
Circumferential urinary sphincter surface electromyography: A novel diagnostic method for intrinsic sphincter deficiency
2014-12-18

Myogenic changes of the urethral sphincter that contribute to ISD can be assessed with CSS-EMG. This new concept for assessing the functionality of the female urethral sphincter may assist with better understanding of the pathophysiology, the diagnosis and the treatment of SUI.