julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Robustness of the Stochastic Parameterization of Subgrid-Scale Wind Variability in Sea Surface Fluxes
2023-06-29

Abstract High-resolution numerical models have been used to develop statistical models of the enhancement of sea surface fluxes resulting from spatial variability of sea surface wind. In particular, studies have shown that flux enhancement is not a deterministic function of the resolved state. Previous studies focused on single geographical areas or used a single high-resolution numerical model. This study extends the development of such statistical models by considering six different high-resolution models, four different geographical regions, and three different 10-day periods, allowing for a systematic investigation of the robustness of both the deterministic and stochastic parts of the data-driven parameterization. Results indicate that the deterministic part, based on regressing the unresolved normalized flux onto resolved-scale normalized flux and precipitation, is broadly robust across different models, regions, and time periods. The statistical features of the stochastic part of the model (spatial and temporal autocorrelation and parameters of a Gaussian process fit to the regression residual) are also found to be robust and not strongly sensitive to the underlying model, modeled geographical region, or time period studied. Best-fit Gaussian process parameters display robust spatial heterogeneity across models, indicating potential for improvements to the statistical model. These results illustrate the potential for the development of a generic, explicitly stochastic parameterization of sea surface flux enhancements dependent on wind variability.
Consensus nucleotide sequences for env and gag for paper: Insights to HIV-1 coreceptor usage by estimating HLA adaptation with Bayesian generalized linear mixed models
2023-06-29

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This is the consensus sequence repository to the manuscript &amp;quot;Insights to HIV-1 coreceptor usage by estimating HLA adaptation with Bayesian generalized linear mixed models&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;\\nIt contains the 10% consensus nucleotide sequences of the env and gag (only p24) protein of HIV-1 used for the training and leftout data set. The NGS sequences are available under BioProject ID PRJNA810303 and the corresponding BioSample Accession IDs are SAMN26241863:26242168 and SAMN28728524:SAMN28728529&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;\\n\\n&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;env_leftout.fasta\\n\\t&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;A fasta file that contains the consensus nucleotide sequences for the env protein for the leftout data set&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;env_nt_274.fasta\\n\\t&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;A fasta file that contains the consensus nucleotide sequences for the env protein for the training data set&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;gag_leftout.fasta\\n\\t&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;A fasta file that contains the consensus nucleotide sequences for the gag protein for the leftout data set&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;gag_nt_274.fasta\\n\\t&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t\\t&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;A fasta file that contains the consensus nucleotide sequences for the gag protein for the training data set&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;\\n\\t&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;\\n&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;
IntronicFGF14GAA repeat expansions are a common cause of ataxia syndromes with neuropathy and bilateral vestibulopathy
2023-06-30

Background Intronic GAA repeat expansions in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene ( FGF14 ) have recently been identified as a common cause of ataxia with potential phenotypic overlap with RFC1 -related cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS). Our objective was to report on the frequency of intronic FGF14 GAA repeat expansions in patients with an unexplained CANVAS-like phenotype. Methods We recruited 45 patients negative for biallelic RFC1 repeat expansions with a combination of cerebellar ataxia plus peripheral neuropathy and/or bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP), and genotyped the FGF14 repeat locus. Phenotypic features of GAA- FGF14 -positive versus GAA- FGF14 -negative patients were compared. Results Frequency of FGF14 GAA repeat expansions was 38% (17/45) in the entire cohort, 38% (5/13) in the subgroup with cerebellar ataxia plus polyneuropathy, 43% (9/21) in the subgroup with cerebellar ataxia plus BVP and 27% (3/11) in patients with all three features. BVP was observed in 75% (12/16) of GAA- FGF14 -positive patients. Polyneuropathy was at most mild and of mixed sensorimotor type in six of eight GAA- FGF14 -positive patients. Family history of ataxia (59% vs 15%; p=0.007) was significantly more frequent and permanent cerebellar dysarthria (12% vs 54%; p=0.009) significantly less frequent in GAA- FGF14 -positive than in GAA- FGF14 -negative patients. Age at onset was inversely correlated to the size of the repeat expansion (Pearson’s r, −0.67; R 2 =0.45; p=0.0031). Conclusions GAA- FGF14 -related disease is a common cause of cerebellar ataxia with polyneuropathy and/or BVP, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of RFC1 CANVAS and disease spectrum.
Discovery of ambiguous and unambiguous discourse connectives via annotation projection
2023-06-30

Versley , Y. (2010). Discovery of ambiguous and unambiguous discourse connectives via annotation projection. In L. Ahrenberg, J. Tiedemann &amp; M. Volk (eds.), Workshop on the Annotation and Exploitation of Parallel Corpora (AEPC), 83–92. Tartu, Estonia.
Servant by default? How humans perceive their relationship with conversational AI
2023-06-30

Conversational AI, like Amazon’s Alexa, are often marketed as tools assisting owners, but humans anthropomorphize computers, suggesting that they bond with their devices beyond an owner-tool relationship. Little empirical research has studied human-AI relationships besides relational proxies such as trust. We explored the relationships people form with conversational AI based on the Relational Models Theory (RMT, Fiske, 1992). Results of the factor analyses among frequent users (Ntotal = 729) suggest that they perceive the relationship more as a master-assistant relationship (i.e., authority ranking) and an exchange relationship (i.e., market pricing) than as a companion-like relationship (i.e., peer bonding). The correlational analysis showed that authority ranking barely correlates with system perception or user characteristics, whereas market pricing and peer bonding do. The relationship perception proved to be independent of demographic factors and label of the digital device. Our research enriches the traditional dichotomous approach. The extent to which users see their conversational AI as exchange partners or peer-like has a stronger predictive value regarding human-like system perception of conversational AI than the perception of it as servants.
Regulating data intermediaries: The impact of the Data Governance Act on the EU's data economy
2023-06-30

As part of the European Commission's broader data strategy, the Data Governance Act ("DGA") introduces a new regulatory regime for data intermediaries, which, inter alia, pursues the objective of increasing the competitiveness of the European data economy by bolstering trust in data-sharing mechanisms. Against this backdrop, we introduce data intermediaries and critically examine the DGA's related legal regime by testing its underlying assumptions and highlighting its intrinsic weaknesses and limitations as part of the broader EU data law puzzle. As a result, the paper brings to the fore certain contradictions between DGA's means and ends. Indeed, due to various questionable assumptions, the DGA imposes requirements that not all data intermediaries can satisfy and entrenches a specific techno-organisational form for data intermediation services that may turn out to be economically non-viable. Consequently, one must wonder whether the DGA's rules on data intermediaries are necessary and proportionate in light of the freedom to conduct a business. We furthermore uncover inconsistencies and loopholes between the DGA, the GDPR, the draft Data Act, and the Digital Markets Act. Overall, while the DGA's underlying efforts are laudable, its precise postulations may hinder the achievement of its underlying objectives due to two main factors. First its own internal limitations and incoherences, and, second, uncertainties and tensions resulting from its interplay with the broader EU data law framework.
New X-ray detections of magnetic period-bounce cataclysmic variables from XMM-Newton and SRG/eROSITA
2023-06-30

Context. A great portion of the cataclysmic variable population, between 40% and 70%, is predicted to be made up of period-bouncers, systems with degenerate donors that have evolved past the period minimum. However, due to their intrinsic faintness, only a few of these systems have been observed and confidently identified so far. Aims. We have searched for X-ray emission as proof of accretion in order to confirm period-bounce cataclysmic variables. Methods. In this study, we used data from XMM-Newton and eROSITA on a pilot sample of three period-bounce candidates with a magnetic white dwarf, which are expected to exhibit stronger X-ray emission than non-magnetic systems due to more efficient conversion of matter accretion onto the white dwarf. Results. In a dedicated XMM-Newton observation of the period-bounce candidate SDSS J151415.65+074446.5 we discovered X-ray modulation at the binary orbital period confirming it as an accreting system. The X-ray light curve and the X-ray spectrum display characteristics of magnetic Polar-type systems, allowing us for the first time to determine the X-ray luminosity and mass accretion rate for this system. Catalog data from eROSITA on the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma satellite for V379 Vir and SDSS J125044.42+154957.4 enabled a first look into the X-ray behavior of period-bounce candidates with this new all-sky instrument. From the eROSITA measurements, the X-ray luminosity and mass accretion rate were determined for the first time for SDSS J125044.42+154957.4, and the earlier result for V379 Vir from XMM-Newton was confirmed. Conclusions. The three cataclysmic variables with a magnetic white dwarf and very low-mass donor studied in this work present evidence for X-ray emission at a similar level of L X [erg s −1 ] ≈ 10 29 , which, together with the detection of X-ray orbital modulation in two of them (i.e., V379 Vir and SDSS J151415.65+074446.5), unambiguously proves the presence of accretion in these systems. The detection of these period-bouncers at faint X-ray luminosity levels with the all-sky X-ray survey eROSITA offers new prospects for the identification of additional period-bouncers, providing impetus for theoretical studies of binary evolution.
Protecting human health and the environment against siloxanes: The role and effectiveness of wastewater treatment technologies
2023-06-30

Since they were first synthesized in 1940, siloxanes have been widely exploited by the cosmetic, construction, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Global siloxane production has grown steadily throughout the decades and now exceeds 10 million tons per year. This production growth has resulted in greater environmental spillover, whose adverse impacts are still being studied. Yet, a growing body of reports, government policies, and scientific investigations agree that volatile organic silicon compounds are some of the most noxious forms of siloxane chemistry. Environmental remediation of siloxanes is challenging; therefore, it is strategically advantageous to intercept and treat siloxanes before they reach the environment. Wastewater treatment plants are a primary collection point for siloxanes that originate from the residential sector, where siloxane products are consumed and rinsed away in copious quantities (e.g. cosmetics and personal care products). However, conventional wastewater treatment often cannot entirely remove siloxanes, which means a substantial portion still reaches the environment. There are advanced treatment technologies that target siloxanes (e.g. physical/chemical absorption and membrane separation); however, these technologies substantially increase the treatment cost. Therefore, researchers are pursuing other siloxane treatment strategies, including new biological approaches. This review provides a fresh look at the history, societal importance, and environmental impacts of siloxanes and the methods used to treat them. The review calls upon a wide array of research to compare and critically evaluate these treatment strategies – old and new – using basic concepts of sustainability as criteria.
Athletes with Eating Disorders: Analysis of Their Clinical Characteristics, Psychopathology and Response to Treatment
2023-06-30

Eating disorders (ED) have frequently been described among athletes. However, their specific features and therapy responses are lacking in the literature. The aims of this article were to compare clinical, psychopathological and personality traits between ED patients who were professional athletes (ED-A) with those who were not (ED-NA) and to explore differences in response to treatment. The sample comprised n = 104 patients with ED (n = 52 ED-A and n = 52 matched ED-NA) diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria. Evaluation consisted of a semi-structured face-to-face clinical interview conducted by expert clinicians and a psychometric battery. Treatment outcome was evaluated when the treatment program ended. ED-A patients showed less body dissatisfaction and psychological distress. No differences were found in treatment outcome among the groups. Within the ED-A group, those participants who performed individual sport activities and aesthetic sports presented higher eating psychopathology, more general psychopathology, differential personality traits and poor therapy outcome. Individual and aesthetic sports presented more severity and worse prognosis. Although usual treatment for ED might be similarly effective in ED-A and ED-NA, it might be important to develop preventive and early detection programs involving sports physicians and psychologists, coaches and family throughout the entire athletic career and afterwards.
Conditionally helpful? The influence of person-, situation-, and device-specific factors on maternal smartphone use for stress coping and on coping effectiveness
2023-06-30

Smartphones are omnipresent in the daily lives of parents and provide access to multiple resources in stressful situations. Thus, smartphones might be valuable coping tools. Previous research has mostly focused on the negative effects of parental phone use. In the present study, we investigated how mothers use smartphones for coping with stress and whether their phone use for coping is effective. We also explored factors on different levels (situation, person, device) which could influence phone use and coping effectiveness. Building on a one-week experience sampling study with over 200 mothers and multilevel models, we found that in stressful situations while being with children, mothers used their smartphones mostly for emotion-focused coping such as self-distraction and taking a break. Problem-focused coping was less prevalent. Mothers reporting increased cognitive phone salience used it more for coping with stress. Phone use for coping compared to no use related to lower stress decrease. No person-, situation-, or device-specific factors moderated the effects of phone use on coping effectiveness. Using positive phone content, however, was associated with increased perceived coping efficacy. Our results suggest that phone use is not generally successful for coping, but that momentary device-specific factors such as content characteristics might determine whether phones can be used for coping in an effective way.
Social disadvantage and trust in German police: Empirical evidence on procedural justice theory and context effects on perceived fairness in urban neighbourhoods
2023-06-30

Current public debates about rising violence against police officers, and conversely, criticism of racial profiling by the police force, contradict the high levels of trust in the German police reported by public surveys. This raises the question of why the tension between the police and citizens arises. German Criminology has not yet exploited the potential of procedural justice theory to explain the shifting dynamics of trust. Empirical studies on how evaluations of police fairness and effectiveness influence police legitimacy in Germany have long been overdue. Additionally, there is minimal evidence of whether police fairness is experienced differently in different social contexts. Therefore, this study answers two pertinent research questions: (1) To what extent does trust in German police and police legitimacy depend on procedural fairness? (2) To what extent do residents in socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods have lower levels of trust in police fairness? Consistent with international research on procedural justice theory, the results reveal significant effects of normative predictors of trust in the police, such as perceived fairness and neighbourhood trust. Using advanced multilevel modelling, this study observes the effects of two contextual variables (welfare recipients and official crime rates) on neighbourhood levels of trust in police fairness. The results reveal that the impact of personal assessments of the neighbourhood, personal disadvantages, and experiences with the police exceeds neighbourhood context effects.
Atrial natriuretic peptide and leptin interactions in healthy men
2023-06-30

Introduction Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone secreted from the heart, controls cardiovascular and renal functions including arterial blood pressure and natriuresis. ANP also exerts metabolic effects in adipose tissue, liver and skeletal muscle, and interacts with the secretion of adipokines. We tested the hypothesis that ANP lowers concentrations of the anorexigenic adipokine leptin in healthy humans in vivo . Methods Human ANP or matching placebo was infused intravenously (iv) into healthy men in a controlled clinical trial. Results Within 135 minutes of iv ANP infusion, we observed an acute decrease in plasma leptin levels compared to controls. Free fatty acids markedly increased with ANP infusion in vivo , indicating activated lipolysis. In human SGBS adipocytes, ANP suppressed leptin release. Discussion The study shows that the cardiac hormone ANP reduces the levels of the anorexigenic adipokine leptin in healthy humans, providing further support for ANP as a cardiomyokine in a heart - adipose tissue axis. (registered in the German Clinical Trials Register and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform was granted under DRKS00024559 )
Optimizing expert and patient input in pediatric trial design: Lessons learned and recommendations from a collaboration between conect4children and European Patient‐CEntric ClinicAl TRial PLatforms
2023-06-30

Abstract Advice from multiple stakeholders is required to design the optimal pediatric clinical trial. We present recommendations for acquiring advice from trial experts and patients/caregivers, derived from advice meetings that were performed through a collaboration of the Collaborative Network for European Clinical Trials for Children (c4c) and the European Patient‐CEntric ClinicAl TRial PLatforms (EU‐PEARL). Three advice meetings were performed: (1) an advice meeting for clinical and methodology experts, (2) an advice meeting for patients/caregivers, and (3) a combined meeting with both experts and patients/caregivers. Trial experts were recruited from c4c database. Patients/caregivers were recruited through a patient organization. Participants were asked to provide input on a trial protocol, including endpoints, outcomes, and the assessment schedule. Ten experts, 10 patients, and 13 caregivers participated. The advice meetings resulted in modification of eligibility criteria and outcome measures. We have provided recommendations for the most effective meeting type per protocol topic. Topics with limited options for patient input were most efficiently discussed in expert advice meetings. Other topics benefit from patient/caregiver input, either through a combined meeting with experts or a patients/caregivers‐only advice meeting. Some topics, such as endpoints and outcome measures, are suitable for all meeting types. Combined sessions profit from synergy between experts and patients/caregivers, balancing input on protocol scientific feasibility and acceptability. Both experts and patients/caregivers provided critical input on the presented protocol. The combined meeting was the most effective methodology for most protocol topics. The presented methodology can be used effectively to acquire expert and patient feedback.
A deep learning factor analysis model based on importance‐weighted variational inference and normalizing flow priors: Evaluation within a set of multidimensional performance assessments in youth elite soccer players
2023-06-30

Abstract Exploratory factor analysis is a widely used framework in the social and behavioral sciences. Since measurement errors are always present in human behavior data, latent factors, generating the observed data, are important to identify. While most factor analysis methods rely on linear relationships in the data‐generating process, deep learning models can provide more flexible modeling approaches. However, two problems need to be addressed. First, for interpretation, scaling assumptions are required, which can be (at least) cumbersome for deep generative models. Second, deep generative models are typically not identifiable, which is required in order to identify the underlying latent constructs. We developed a model that uses a variational autoencoder as an estimator for a complex factor analysis model based on importance‐weighted variational inference. In order to receive interpretable results and an identified model, we use a linear factor model with identification constraints in the measurement model. To maintain the flexibility of the model, we use normalizing flow latent priors. Within the evaluation of performance measures in a talent development program in soccer, we found more clarity in the separation of the identified underlying latent dimensions with our models compared to traditional PCA analyses.
Sustainability of linguistic data and analysis in the context of a collaborative eScience environment
2023-06-30

Hinrichs, E., V. Henrich &amp; T. Zastrow (2010). Sustainability of linguistic data and analysis in the context of a collaborative eScience environment. In Proceedings of the Seventh conference on International Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2010), 911 – 916. Valletta: European Language Resources Association (ELRA).