julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Stimulation by Gastrin-Releasing Peptide of Protein Kinase C Subfamilies in Insulin-Secreting Cells
2001-01-01

The role of the different isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) in modulating insulin secretion is still widely unknown. The aim of our studies was to investigate which isoforms are influenced by gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), a neuropeptide which has been shown to modulate insulin secretion by activating PKC. Presence of PKC isoforms α, β, γ, δ, &amp;#917; and ζ was tested by immunoblot analysis in whole pancreatic islets of mouse and rat and in the insulinoma cell line RINm5F. Effects of GRP, the truncated peptide GRP1–16 and KCl were also measured on translocation of PKC isoforms. In pancreatic islets of mouse and rat, the PKC isoforms α, β, γ, δ, &amp;#917; and ζ could be detected. No PKCγ activity was present in the pancreatic tumor cell line RINm5F. Incubation of mouse or rat islets or of RINm5F cells with GRP induced translocation of the PKC isoforms α, β and ζ. The N-terminal portion of the peptide GRP1–16 induced partial translocation only of the PKC isoforms α, β and ζ in mouse and rat islets in 4 out of 10 cases, but failed to show any effect on PKC isoforms in RINm5F cells. Depolarization of the islets by KCl did not translocate any tested PKC isoform. However, incubation with GRP followed by depolarization with KCl led to translocation of the PKC isoforms α, β and ζ. It is suggested that PKC α, β and/or ζ may play a role in the modulation of insulin secretion by GRP.
A Case of Paranoia with Severe Consequences
2001-01-01

Following a brief resume of the history of the notion of paranoia, we present the case history of a 67-year-old female patient, who suffered from irreversible physical handicap as a result of chronic delusion. Against the background of the on-going controversy about the existence of paranoia as a distinct illness, we discuss the contemporary understanding of delusional disorders, emphasising the importance of a multidimensional therapeutic approach.
Endogenous skilled-biased technological change and matching unemployment
2001-01-01

This paper presents a general-equilibrium model of endogenous skilled-biased technological change and matching unemployment in a disaggregated economy. We simultaneously endogenise both the direction and pace of technological change as well as the unemployment rates. We show that an increase in the supply of high-skilled labour can explain skilled-biased technological change, a reduction in high-skilled unemployment and a rise in the high-skilled wage differential. In accordance with convincing empirical evidence, the high-skilled suffer from shorter and fewer spells of unemployment.
A Coalgebraic Modelling of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar
2001-01-01

This paper provides a coalgebraic modelling of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. grammar principles, well-formedness conditions on linguistic analyses rather then by a set of rules that would explicitely generate an analysis. Since coalgebras are very well suited for modelling licensing theories, we provide a conceptually particularly adequate formalisation for HPSG by showing that HPSG can indeed be modeled with coalgebras. We also show that the category of grammar models contains a final coalgebra. This final coalgebra we propose as the model of an HPSG grammar, because it models the analyses of the structurally different readings of all and only those utterances licensed by the grammar while eliminating spurious ambiguities. 1
Proof Systems in Relation Algebra
2001-01-01

We expose two different notions of validity in relation algebras: one is based on Tarski's equational calculus (say, 'T-validity'), and the other arises by the canonical 1-order translation from the ordinary semantic validity (say, 't-validity'). In the first section we characterize both validities via provability in finite-variable logics and the corresponding cutfree derivability in formula-rewriting 1-order systems. In the second section we characterize T-validity via derivability in a suitable cutfree term-rewriting system in the basic algebraic language, which is equivalent to the algebraic display calculus of Gore. In the third section we address 1-order 2-variable decidability and validity using both methods.
Kostencontrolling
2001-01-01

Dieser Artikel untersucht Methoden der Abweichungsanalyse in dezentralisierten Entscheidungssituationen und unter Unsicherheit. Haupterebnis ist. dass die Methoden der Abweichungsanalyse besser sind als ihr Ruf. Auf den ersten Blick überraschend, erweist sich zunächst die differenzierte Methode auf Istbasis als grundsätzlich geeignet, die optimale Allokation zu implementieren. Allerdings ist das bewirkte Gleichgewicht im Allgemeinen nicht eindeutig. Mittels der bislang eher empfohlenen differenzierten Methode auf Planbasis lässt sich die optimale Allokation hingegen nur implementieren, wenn die in die Kostenfunktion eingehenden Zufallsvariablen stochastisch unabhängig sind oder eine additiv separable Kostenfunktion vorliegt. Dann allerdings ist die differenzierte Methode sehr zuverlässig, denn das bewirkte Gleichgewicht ist eindeutig. Auf den ersten Blick überraschend, führt dann auch die oft abgelehnte kumulative Methode zur eindeutigen Implementierbarkeit der optimalen Allokation. Unter noch strengeren Voraussetzungen ist schließlich die eindeutige Implementierbarkeit auch bei Anwendung der differenzierten Methode auf Istbasis gegeben. Der Kontrollansatz kann dann sowohl zur Verhaltenssteuerung als auch zur Entscheidungsunterstützung herangezogen werden.
Designing Mathematical Libraries based on Minimal Requirements for Theorems
2001-01-01

The main observation of this paper is that theorems can be considered independent of abstract domains; they depend rather on a set of properties necessary to prove the theorems correct. This leads to more general theorems and hence to improved reuse of mathematical theorems. We discuss how this view inuences the design of mathematical libraries and illustrate our approach with examples written in the Mizar language. 1
Analysis of multi-particle production by two-source statistical model
2001-01-01

A two-source statistical model of an ideal hadron gas is developed and used to analyze the experimental data on hadron yields and ratios in 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions. The model results fit to the experimental data very well and provide a reasonable and clear physical picture. The whole particle source is composed of a hot small inner source and a bigger and cooler outer source. Baryons are mostly distributed in the outer source, while almost all anti-baryons are contained in the inner source. The strangeness density is found to be non-zero having opposite signs in the two sources.
Periotest values and occlusion
2001-01-01

The effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) on previously induced hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) were examined. Acute experiments were performed on 33 adult, male rabbits. Field potentials in the dentate gyrus were elicited by single shocks to the perforant path, and LTP was induced by tetanic stimulation to the pathway without induction of seizure discharge. At a CBZ serum level of about 5 micrograms/ml (value +/- SD = 5.40 +/- 1.28 micrograms/ml), the previously induced LTP in population spikes (PSs) and population excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) was facilitated. At a CBZ serum level of about 15 micrograms/ml (value +/- SD = 14.28 +/- 1.29 micrograms/ml), the LTP in PS alone was decreased. The effects of carbamazepine on synaptic inhibition were examined by the paired-pulse test. The inhibition was enhanced with induction of LTP. After administration of CBZ, at a CBZ serum level of about 5 micrograms/ml the inhibition was further enhanced, while it was attenuated at a CBZ serum level of about 15 micrograms/ml. These results suggest that CBZ has a facilitative effect on previously induced LTP.
Wind accretion in HMXRB
2001-01-01

We present light curves and spectra of a ∼35 ksec RXTE observation of Vela X-1 and a ∼300 ksec observation of Cen X-3. Both light curves show strong absorption which increases from no absorption at low orbital phases to large values at high orbital phases; in the case of Vela X-1 by a factor of almost 100. Superimposed are absorption dips which can be observed at any orbital phase, though mostly at high orbital phases. We study an unusually strong dip in Vela X-1 during which the flux is reduced by ∼90% and almost no pulses are detectable. The increase of NH and the scattered component show the in- and egress of material in the line of sight. A similar behavior is observed in a pre-eclipse dip in Cen X-3.
Second-order radiative corrections to the axial vector anomaly
2001-01-01

We re-examine the historically important decay of the neutral pion into two photons. Schwinger's Equivalence Theorem is confirmed. We then consider radiative corrections to the famous Adler-Bell-Jackiw (ABJ) anomaly. The result depends crucially on a physically motivated regularization scheme. Our approach is largely based on Schwinger's source (dispersion) method.
Radiographic imaging of the mastoid process with conventional tomography: a novel positioning technique
2001-01-01

Abstract The Scanora (Soredex, Helsinki, Finland) is a multimodal unit for maxillofacial imaging combining narrow beam radiography and pluridirectional spiral tomography. We describe a novel technique for imaging the mastoid process based on a modification of the program for coronal tomography of the ear. This technique is of potential clinical value for implant planning and postoperative evaluation in the temporal bone.
Ultrasound guidance: technique and results of aggressive ultrasound-guided PTCA. The UPSIZE Pilot Trial
2001-01-01

Stenting results in a larger lumen than conventional balloon angioplasty. This is the major determinant of a good acute and long-term result. In this non-randomised, single centre trial, intravascular ultrasound was used preinterventionally to guide the choice of the balloon size. The aim was to achieve a maximum lumen area with balloon angioplasty only. We included 346 patients with 360 lesions. The diameter of the external elastic lamina by intravascular ultrasound was 4.67 mm. A mean balloon size of 4.0 mm was chosen. The initial luminal gain was 1.82 mm, the lumen area post intervention was 6.6 mm(2). Dissections occurred frequently but the incidence of major adverse events was not increased. At one year follow-up, the overall event free survival was 81%. Target lesion revascularisation was performed in 34 patients (10%). An angiographic follow-up was available for 261 patients (76%). Restenosis (> 50% diameter Stenosis) was found in 21%. The results show, that ultrasound guidance of balloon angioplasty provides a means to achieve a large initial luminal gain without the routine use of stents. The acute and long-term results suggest that the approach is safe and efficient. The data compare favorably with similar studies using advanced intravascular diagnostic tools to guide the angioplasty procedure.
Preparation, Properties, and Reactions of Metal-Containing Heterocycles, 102[1]a Three-Dimensional Triplatinacyclophane with an Eleven-Membered Bridge
2001-01-01

Synthesis of 1,3,5-tris(4′-bromobutyl)benzene has been achieved by means of two step reaction. This compound reacts with ethyl diphenylphosphonic ester to form phosphoryl oxide which transformed to tertiary phosphine ligand. Employing the high dilution method from the ligand and Cl2Pt(NCPh)2 a cage compound is formed.
[Response force in probe reaction time tasks: reduction in capacity, response inhibition or bottle neck?].
2001-01-01

The probe reaction time (probe-RT) paradigm suggested by Posner and Boies (1971) requires subjects to perform simultaneously a choice reaction task with two fingers of one hand (primary task) and a simple reaction task to randomly presented probes with the other hand (secondary task). The classical interpretation, according to which the RT of the secondary task indexes the capacity demands of the primary task, has been challenged, however. Active inhibition of the response and delay by a central bottleneck have been suggested as alternatives to the capacity account. The present study measured response force in addition to RT to distinguish among the three alternatives. Responses to the probe were clearly more forceful when the probe was presented while the subjects were engaged in the primary task. This result is most compatible with the active inhibition account by Neumann (1987, 1992) combined with an extended motor-readiness model.
[Primary tumors of the liver: radiologic interventional procedures].
2001-01-01

Primary liver tumors are one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Surgical resection of the tumors is considered the only potentially curative therapy. It has been estimated that only 20%-30% of patients with HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) are surgical candidates. For this reason a number of alternative therapies have been used for the treatment of HCC. These include transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE), percutaneous alcohol instillation (PAI) and thermal ablative techniques. Thermal ablation for the treatment of HCC include both freezing (cryoablation) and heating (radiofrequency, microwave, laser and high-intensity focussed sonography) techniques. Of these techniques, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) is increasingly used for the local tumor destruction. The low rate of complications and the technical development increasing the efficacy of PRFA have shown that this is a very promising and safe technique.
Platelets and atherosclerosis
2001-01-01

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease influenced by circulating cells, including platelets. The development of atherosclerotic vessel transformation results from environmental factors, genetics, lifestyle, and chance. Atherosclerosis selectively affects arterial vessels of mainly medium and large size, such as the aorta, coronary vessels, supra-aortic vessels (e.g., the carotid arteries), and large vessels of the lower extremities. The major clinical manifestations are coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, carotid stenosis or occlusion and stroke, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
Separation of meson and quark-gluon degrees of freedom in the hadron scattering reactions up to 1 GeV energy region
2001-01-01

The Haag-Nishijima-Zimmermann (HNZ) field theoretical construction of the bound state is applied to the problem of separation of the quark and hadron degrees of freedom in the hadron scattering reactions. We show that the quark-gluon degrees of freedom transform the form of the local hadron field operators in such a way that unified description of hadron interactions on the base of the one-variable vertex meson-hadron functions (like meson-nucleon vertex function 〈pN′|jπ(0)|pN〉), becomes impossible.
Exclusive measurement of the pp→ppπ[sup −]π[sup +] reaction close to threshold
2001-01-01

The two-pion production in proton-proton collisions in vacuum has been measured for the first time exclusively in the energy range Tp=650–750 MeV with the WASA/PROMICE detector at CELSIUS. The differential cross sections reveal pp→pp*(1440)→ppσ→pp(π−π+)l=l=0 to be the dominant process with a significant contribution from the path pp→pp*(1440)→pΔπ→pp(π−π+)l=l=0. Hence this reaction is very well suited for studying the still poorly known Roper resonance and may also provide an ideal σ source to study effects of the chiral restauration in the nuclear medium.
From simple predicators to clausal functors: the English modals through time and the primitives of modality
2001-01-01

The ultimate goal of this paper is to find a representation of modality compatible with some basic conditions on the syntax-semantic interface. Such conditions are anchored, for instance, in Chomsky's (1995) principle of full interpretation (FI). Abstract interpretation of modality is, however - be it "only" in semantic terms - already a hard nut to crack, way too vast to be dealt with in any comprehensive way here. What is pursued instead is a case-study-centered analysis. The case in point are the English modals (EM) viewed in their development through time - a locus classicus for a number of linguistic theories and frameworks. The idea will be to start out from two lines of research - continuous grammaticalization vs. cataclysmic change - and to explain some of their incongruities. The first non-trivial point here consists in deriving more fundamental questions from this research. The second, possibly even less trivial one consists in answering them. Specifically, I will argue that regardless of the actual numerical rate of change, there is an underlying and more structured way to account for the notions of change and continuity within the modal system, respectively.&#x0D;
Book review
2001-01-01

DEVELOPMENT, FUNCTION AND EVOLUTION OF TEETH, by M. F. Teaford, M. M. Smith and M. W. J. Ferguson (eds), 2000. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 314 pp. ISBN 0–521–57011–5 (hardback), US 80 EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS—GROWTH, FORM, AND TEMPO IN THE FOSSIL RECORD, by J.B.C. Jackson, S. Lidgard and F.K. McKinney (eds). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2001, 399 pages, ISBN 0–226–38931–6 (cloth), US 30.00, UK£19.00
Exploring the past
2001-01-01

In this paper, we present a set of tools and techniques for visualization of and interaction with historical data. First, we briefly describe the data acquisition and preparation. Afterwards, we discuss in detail the interaction approaches for exploration of historical data, containing a time dimension. In particular, we propose (1) a continuous time increment approach for visualizing 3D slices continuously moving in the 4D space; (2) a fly-with mode for viewing the scene from the perspective of the participants in the migration, we are visualizing; (3) a time lens, as an extension of the traditional magic lens for viewing arbitrary event times; (4) a time-space exploration tool for simultaneous viewing more than one event time and location of interest; (5) a guided exploration tool, which allows for viewing events on an interactively defined or pre-defined path in space. Finally, we conclude the paper with a discussion and comparison of the proposed tools.
Virtual archaeology
2001-01-01

Looking at the perception of archaeology within our society, and the development of new technologies, we discover that we are faced both with new challenges and new opportunities. Ideally, our own research from excavation and documentation to analysis and publication, and a popular presentation of it, could somehow be combined within one consistent workflow, using technology tailored to meet the purpose. Given the limits of resources and know-how in academic archaeology --- even at Troy --- such ideas are mostly bound to remain science-fiction. How can we archaeologists actually be enabled to meet the challenge and make the best of new opportunities a new millenium has to offer?The general aim of the project "Virtual Archaeology" is the introduction of fundamentally changed working methods in archaeology with the aid of the most modern technologies, not only in the area of primary data acquisition but also in data processing and editing for scientific purposes and for the presentation of archaeological knowledge to a broad general public.
REVIEWS
2001-01-01

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access F. FECHTER, Die Familie in der Nachexilszeit: Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung der Verwandtschaft in ausgewädhlten Texten des Alten Testaments (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 264). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1998. Pp. ix + 377. Price: DM 192.00 hardback. ISBN: 3-11-016205-9. BERND JANOWSKI BERND JANOWSKI EBERHARD-KARLS-UNIVERSITÃT TÜBINGEN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume XLVI, Issue 1, Spring 2001, Pages 151–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/XLVI.1.151 Published: 01 March 2001
Book Reviews
2001-01-01

Journal Article Book Reviews Get access ALEXANDER KNYSHIslamic Mysticism: A Short History (Themes in Islamic Studies). Brill, Leiden 2000. Pp. vii + 358. Price: NLG 169, 69/$95, 00 hardback. ISBN: 90-04-10717-7 LUTZ BERGER LUTZ BERGER UNIVERSITÄT TÜBINGEN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume XLVI, Issue 2, Autumn 2001, Pages 359–360, https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/XLVI.2.359 Published: 01 January 2001
ChemInform Abstract: π‐Complexes with Heterocyclic Ligands
2001-01-02

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Overexpression of glutamine:fructose‐6‐phosphate‐amidotransferase induces transforming growth factor‐β1 synthesis in NIH‐3T3 fibroblasts
2001-01-12

Increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with glutamine:fructose‐6‐phosphate‐amidotransferase (GFAT) as rate‐limiting enzyme has been linked to the enhanced bioactivity of the prosclerotic cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) in fibrotic complications, particularly in diabetic kidney disease. Here, we investigate in a stable transfection system the effect of overexpression of GFAT on TGF‐β1 synthesis in NIH‐3T3 fibroblasts. We demonstrate a 1.8‐fold stimulation of TGF‐β1 mRNA and a 1.9‐fold increased protein expression, whereas TGF‐β2 production was not upregulated. The 1.5‐fold enhanced TGF‐β1 promoter activity suggests a transcriptional regulation. The elevated TGF‐β1 protein is biologically active since GFAT‐overexpressing cells exhibit a 2‐fold fibronectin production. The results indicate a GFAT‐dependent induction of TGF‐β1 synthesis.
Ornithine decarboxylase, kidney size, and the tubular hypothesis of glomerular hyperfiltration in experimental diabetes
2001-01-15

In early diabetes, the kidney grows and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases. This growth is linked to ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). The study of hyperfiltration has focused on microvascular abnormalities, but hyperfiltration may actually result from a prior increase in capacity for proximal reabsorption which reduces the signal for tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF). Experiments were performed in Wistar rats after 1 week of streptozotocin diabetes. Kidney weight, ODC activity, and GFR were correlated in diabetic and control rats given difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; Marion Merrell Dow, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA) to inhibit ODC. We assessed proximal reabsorption by micropuncture, using TGF as a tool for manipulating single-nephron GFR (SNGFR), then plotting proximal reabsorption versus SNGFR. ODC activity was elevated 15-fold in diabetic kidneys and normalized by DFMO, which also attenuated hyperfiltration and hypertrophy. Micropuncture data revealed an overall increase in proximal reabsorption in diabetic rats too great to be accounted for by glomerulotubular balance. DFMO prevented the overall increase in proximal reabsorption. These data confirm that ODC is required for the full effect of diabetes on kidney size and proximal reabsorption in early streptozotocin diabetes and are consistent with the hypothesis that diabetic hyperfiltration results from normal physiologic actions of TGF operating in a larger kidney, independent of any primary malfunction of the glomerular microvasculature.