julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
PERCEIVED GAME UNCERTAINTY, SUSPENSE AND THE DEMAND FOR SPORT
2017-05-31

This study tries bridging between different behavioral economic explanations for the lack of support of the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis in spectator sports. We test a measure of perceived game uncertainty that is comparable to objective measures frequently tested in the literature. Econometric results suggest that fans do not perceive closeness of a game differently than how economists have tended to measure it. However, fans' perceptions of suspensefulness are distinct from their perceptions of game uncertainty. Moreover, the finding that fans' preferences for game uncertainty are dominated by loss aversion also emerges—independently of fanship status—in our stated‐preference setting. ( JEL L83, D12, Z2)
Effect of Genetic Variability in the CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and CYP4F12 Genes on Liver mRNA Levels and Warfarin Response
2017-05-31

Genetic polymorphisms in the gene encoding cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4F2, a vitamin K oxidase, affect stable warfarin dose requirements and time to therapeutic INR. <i>CYP4F2</i> is part of the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster, which is highly polymorphic and exhibits a high degree of linkage disequilibrium, making it difficult to define causal variants. Our objective was to examine the effect of genetic variability in the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster on expression of the individual <i>CYP4F</i> genes and warfarin response. mRNA levels of the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster were quantified in human liver samples (<i>n</i> = 149) obtained from a well-characterized liver bank and fine mapping of the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster encompassing <i>CYP4F2</i>, <i>CYP4F11</i>, and <i>CYP4F12</i> was performed. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from a prospective cohort of warfarin-treated patients (<i>n</i> = 711) was also analyzed for genetic variations across the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster. In addition, SNP-gene expression in human liver tissues and interactions between <i>CYP4F</i> genes were explored <i>in silico</i> using publicly available data repositories. We found that SNPs in <i>CYP4F2</i>, <i>CYP4F11</i>, and <i>CYP4F12</i> were associated with mRNA expression in the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster. In particular, <i>CYP4F2</i> rs2108622 was associated with increased <i>CYP4F2</i> expression while <i>CYP4F11</i> rs1060467 was associated with decreased <i>CYP4F2</i> expression. Interestingly, these <i>CYP4F2</i> and <i>CYP4F11</i> SNPs showed similar effects with warfarin stable dose where <i>CYP4F11</i> rs1060467 was associated with a reduction in daily warfarin dose requirement (∼1 mg/day, <i>P<sub>c</sub></i> = 0.017), an effect opposite to that previously reported with <i>CYP4F2</i> (rs2108622). However, inclusion of either or both of these SNPs in a pharmacogenetic algorithm consisting of age, body mass index (BMI), gender, baseline clotting factor II level, <i>CYP2C9<sup>∗</sup>2</i> rs1799853, <i>CYP2C9<sup>∗</sup>3</i> rs1057910, and <i>VKORC1</i> rs9923231 improved warfarin dose variability only by 0.5-0.7% with an improvement in dose prediction accuracy of ∼1-2%. Although there is complex regulation across the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster, the opposing effects between the two SNPs in the <i>CYP4F</i> gene cluster appear to compensate for each other and their effect on warfarin dose requirement is unlikely to be clinically significant.
Switching Protein Localization by Site-Directed RNA Editing under Control of Light
2017-05-31

Site directed RNA editing is an engineered tool for the posttranscriptional manipulation of RNA and proteins. Here, we demonstrate the inclusion of additional N- and C-terminal protein domains in an RNA editing-dependent manner to switch between protein isoforms in mammalian cell culture. By inclusion of localization signals, a switch of the subcellular protein localization was achieved. This included the shift from the cytoplasm to the outer-membrane, which typically is inaccessible at the protein-level. Furthermore, the strategy allows to implement photocaging to achieve spatiotemporal control of isoform switching. The strategy does not require substantial genetic engineering, and might well complement current optogenetic and optochemical approaches.
Will climate change increase hybridization risk between potential plant invaders and their congeners in Europe?
2017-05-31

Abstract Aim Interspecific hybridization can promote invasiveness of alien species. In many regions of the world, public and domestic gardens contain a huge pool of non‐native plants. Climate change may relax constraints on their naturalization and hence facilitate hybridization with related species in the resident flora. Here, we evaluate this possible increase in hybridization risk by predicting changes in the overlap of climatically suitable ranges between a set of garden plants and their congeners in the resident flora. Location Europe. Methods From the pool of alien garden plants, we selected those which (1) are not naturalized in Europe, but established outside their native range elsewhere in the world; (2) belong to a genus where interspecific hybridization has been previously reported; and (3) have congeners in the native and naturalized flora of Europe. For the resulting set of 34 alien ornamentals as well as for 173 of their European congeners, we fitted species distribution models and projected suitable ranges under the current climate and three future climate scenarios. Changes in range overlap between garden plants and congeners were then assessed by means of the true skill statistic. Results Projections suggest that under a warming climate, suitable ranges of garden plants will increase, on average, while those of their congeners will remain constant or shrink, at least under the more severe climate scenarios. The mean overlap in ranges among congeners of the two groups will decrease. Variation among genera is pronounced; however, and for some congeners, range overlap is predicted to increase significantly. Main conclusions Averaged across all modelled species, our results do not indicate that hybrids between potential future invaders and resident species will emerge more frequently in Europe when climate warms. These average trends do not preclude, however, that hybridization risk may considerably increase in particular genera.
The Influence of Orbital Resonances on the Water Transport to Objects in the Circumprimary Habitable Zone of Binary Star Systems
2017-05-31

Abstract We investigate the role of secular and mean motion resonances on the water transport from a belt of icy asteroids onto planets or embryos orbiting inside the circumprimary habitable zone (HZ) of a binary star system. In addition, the host-star has an accompanying gas giant planet. For a comparison, we perform two case studies where a secular resonance (SR) is located either inside the HZ close to 1.0 au (causing eccentric motion of a planet or embryos therein) or in the asteroid belt, beyond the snow line. In the latter case, a higher flux of icy objects moving toward the HZ is expected. Collisions between asteroids and objects in the HZ are treated analytically. Our purely dynamical study shows that the SR in the HZ boosts the water transport; however, collisions can occur at very high impact speeds. In this paper, we treat for the first time, realistic collisions using a GPU 3D-SPH code to assess the water loss in the projectile. Including the water loss into the dynamical results, we get more realistic values for the water mass fraction of the asteroid during an impact. We highlight that collisions occurring at high velocities greatly reduce the water content of the projectile and thus the amount of water transported to planets or embryos orbiting inside the HZ. Moreover, we discuss other effects that could modify our results, namely the asteroid’s surface rate recession due to ice sublimation and the atmospheric drag contribution on the asteroids’ mass loss.
Cyano-Functional Group as an Anchoring Tool for Organic Small Molecules on Gold
2017-05-31

We evidence the effect of the cyano-functional group in organic thin films investigating a δ4-substituted pentacene derivative, by using X-ray photoemission (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopies, together with atomic force microscopy. We have found that the presence of the cyano-functional group marks the electronic structure, the interface phenomena, and the film morphology in the CN-substituted pentacene deposited on Au(111) single crystals. This is due to the presence of the CN groups, which is known to have a strong chemical affinity toward gold. We propose the cyano-functional group as an efficient tool to chemically modify and functionalize gold surfaces or to anchor a variety of organic semiconductors on gold.
The electron capture in 163Ho experiment – ECHo
2017-06-01

\\nNeutrinos, and in particular their tiny but non-vanishing masses, can be considered one of the doors towards physics beyond the Standard Model. Precision measurements of the kinematics of weak interactions, in particular of the 3H β-decay and the 163Ho electron capture (EC), represent the only model independent approach to determine the absolute scale of neutrino masses. The electron capture in 163Ho experiment, ECHo, is designed to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass by means of the analysis of the calorimetrically measured electron capture spectrum of the nuclide 163Ho. The maximum energy available for this decay, about 2.8 keV, constrains the type of detectors that can be used. Arrays of low temperature metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs) are being developed to measure the 163Ho EC spectrum with energy resolution below 3 eV FWHM and with a time resolution below 1 μs. To achieve the sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass, together with the detector optimization, the availability of large ultra-pure 163Ho samples, the identification and suppression of background sources as well as the precise parametrization of the 163Ho EC spectrum are of utmost importance. The high-energy resolution 163Ho spectra measured with the first MMC prototypes with ion-implanted 163Ho set the basis for the ECHo experiment. We describe the conceptual design of ECHo and motivate the strategies we have adopted to carry on the present medium scale experiment, ECHo-1K. In this experiment, the use of 1 kBq 163Ho will allow to reach a neutrino mass sensitivity below 10 eV/c2. We then discuss how the results being achieved in ECHo-1k will guide the design of the next stage of the ECHo experiment, ECHo-1M, where a source of the order of 1 MBq 163Ho embedded in large MMCs arrays will allow to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass.\\n
Multi-stage formation of REE minerals in the Palabora Carbonatite Complex, South Africa
2017-06-01

The 2060 Ma old Palabora Carbonatite Complex (PCC), South Africa, comprises diverse REE mineral assemblages formed during different stages and reflects an outstanding instance to understand the evolution of a carbonatite-related REE mineralization from orthomagmatic to late-magmatic stages and their secondary post-magmatic overprint. The 10 rare earth element minerals monazite, REE-F-carbonates (bastnäsite, parisite, synchysite), ancylite, britholite, cordylite, fergusonite, REE-Ti-betafite, and anzaite are texturally described and related to the evolutionary stages of the PCC. The identification of the latter five REE minerals during this study represents their first described occurrences in the PCC as well as in a carbonatite complex in South Africa.
Efficacy of face-to-face versus self-guided treatments for disordered gambling: A meta-analysis
2017-06-01

Background and aims In the light of growing traditional and novel forms of gambling, the treatment of disordered gambling is gaining increasing importance and practical relevance. Most studies have examined face-to-face treatments. Although trials implementing self-guided treatments have recently been conducted, these options have not yet been systematically examined. The primary objective of this meta-analysis, therefore, was to analyze the efficacy of all types of psychological face-to-face and self-guided treatments. Methods A multilevel literature search yielded 27 randomized controlled studies totaling 3,879 participants to provide a comprehensive comparative evaluation of the short- and long-term efficacies of face-to-face and self-guided treatments for disordered gambling. Results As expected, the results revealed significantly higher effect sizes for face-to-face treatments (16 studies with Hedges's g ranging from 0.67 to 1.15) as compared with self-guided treatments (11 studies with Hedges's g ranging from 0.12 to 0.30) regarding the reduction of problematic gambling behavior. The intensity of treatment moderated the therapy effect, particularly for self-guided treatments. Discussion and Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis favor face-to-face treatments over self-guided treatments for the reduction of disordered gambling. Although the findings broaden the scope of knowledge about psychological treatment modalities for disordered gambling, further research is needed to identify the reasons for these differences with the goal to optimize the treatment for this disabling condition.
Lower Limb Deformity Analysis and the Planning of an Osteotomy
2017-06-01

Abstract This review article provides an overview of lower limb deformity analysis. A brief history and radiographic standards are presented. Deformity analysis is considered in the frontal, sagittal, and axial planes, from simple to more complex cases. The authors recommended analysis methods based on their own experience of deformity correction, while acknowledging that there may be different ways to treat individual cases. Subsequently, methods for osteotomy planning to address the identified deformities are discussed.
Evidence for Anisotropic Electronic Coupling of Charge Transfer States in Weakly Interacting Organic Semiconductor Mixtures
2017-06-01

We present a comprehensive investigation of the charge-transfer (CT) effect in weakly interacting organic semiconductor mixtures. The donor-acceptor pair diindenoperylene (DIP) and N,N'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-1,7-dicyanoperylene-3,4/9,10-bis(dicarboxyimide) (PDIR-CN<sub>2</sub>) has been chosen as a model system. A wide range of experimental methods was used in order to characterize the structural, optical, electronic, and device properties of the intermolecular interactions. By detailed analysis, we demonstrate that the partial CT in this weakly interacting mixture does not have a strong effect on the ground state and does not generate a hybrid orbital. We also find a strong CT transition in light absorption as well as in photo- and electroluminescence. By using different layer sequences and compositions, we are able to distinguish electronic coupling in-plane vs out-of-plane and, thus, characterize the anisotropy of the CT state. Finally, we discuss the impact of CT exciton generation on charge-carrier transport and on the efficiency of photovoltaic devices.
Determination of hyporheic travel time distributions and other parameters from concurrent conservative and reactive tracer tests by local‐in‐global optimization
2017-06-01

Abstract The complexity of hyporheic flow paths requires reach‐scale models of solute transport in streams that are flexible in their representation of the hyporheic passage. We use a model that couples advective‐dispersive in‐stream transport to hyporheic exchange with a shape‐free distribution of hyporheic travel times. The model also accounts for two‐site sorption and transformation of reactive solutes. The coefficients of the model are determined by fitting concurrent stream‐tracer tests of conservative (fluorescein) and reactive (resazurin/resorufin) compounds. The flexibility of the shape‐free models give rise to multiple local minima of the objective function in parameter estimation, thus requiring global‐search algorithms, which is hindered by the large number of parameter values to be estimated. We present a local‐in‐global optimization approach, in which we use a Markov‐Chain Monte Carlo method as global‐search method to estimate a set of in‐stream and hyporheic parameters. Nested therein, we infer the shape‐free distribution of hyporheic travel times by a local Gauss‐Newton method. The overall approach is independent of the initial guess and provides the joint posterior distribution of all parameters. We apply the described local‐in‐global optimization method to recorded tracer breakthrough curves of three consecutive stream sections, and infer section‐wise hydraulic parameter distributions to analyze how hyporheic exchange processes differ between the stream sections.
Scaling home automation to public buildings: A distributed multiuser setup for OpenHAB 2
2017-06-01

Home automation systems can help to reduce energy costs and increase comfort of living by adjusting room temperatures according to schedules, rules, and sensor input. OpenHAB 2 is an open-source home automation framework supporting various home automation technologies and devices. While OpenHAB is well suited for single occupancy homes, large public buildings pose additional challenges. The limited range of wireless home automation technologies requires transceivers distributed across the building. Additionally, control permissions need to be restricted to authorized persons. This work presents OpenHAB-DM, a distributed OpenHAB 2 setup with extensions introducing user authentication, access control, and management tools for decentralized OpenHAB node deployment.
Predicting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtype Using Multiple Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Breast Cancer Risk and Several Variable Selection Methods
2017-06-01

Abstract Introduction Studies of triple-negative breast cancer have recently been extending the inclusion criteria and incorporating additional molecular markers into the selection criteria, opening up scope for targeted therapies. The screening phases required for studies of this type are often prolonged, since the process of determining the molecular subtype and carrying out additional biomarker assessment is time-consuming. Parameters such as germline genotypes capable of predicting the molecular subtype before it becomes available from pathology might be helpful for treatment planning and optimizing the timing and cost of screening phases. This appears to be feasible, as rapid and low-cost genotyping methods are becoming increasingly available. The aim of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for breast cancer risk capable of predicting triple negativity, in addition to clinical predictors, in breast cancer patients. Methods This cross-sectional observational study included 1271 women with invasive breast cancer who were treated at a university hospital. A total of 76 validated breast cancer risk SNPs were successfully genotyped. Univariate associations between each SNP and triple negativity were explored using logistic regression analyses. Several variable selection and regression techniques were applied to identify a set of SNPs that together improve the prediction of triple negativity in addition to the clinical predictors of age at diagnosis and body mass index (BMI). The most accurate prediction method was determined by cross-validation. Results The SNP rs10069690 (TERT, CLPTM1L) was the only significant SNP (corrected p = 0.02) after correction of p values for multiple testing in the univariate analyses. This SNP and three additional SNPs from the genes RAD51B, CCND1, and FGFR2 were selected for prediction of triple negativity. The addition of these SNPs to clinical predictors increased the cross-validated area under the curve (AUC) from 0.618 to 0.625. Age at diagnosis was the strongest predictor, stronger than any genetic characteristics. Conclusion Prediction of triple-negative breast cancer can be improved if SNPs associated with breast cancer risk are added to a prediction rule based on age at diagnosis and BMI. This finding could be used for prescreening purposes in complex molecular therapy studies for triple-negative breast cancer.
Coaches and Teammates as Social Agents for Collegiate Athletes’ Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction
2017-06-01

Teammates and coaches might be considered two of the most significant sources of social interactions for athletes. Deci and Ryan’s (2000) self-determination theory offers a motivational framework that can be used to understand the quality of relationships within sport. Given the positive outcomes associated with fostering basic psychological need satisfaction (e.g., optimal social functioning, well-being, and self-development) researchers have been interested in understanding how athletes’ perceptions of competence, autonomy, and relatedness can be nurtured. The purpose of the current study was to assess: (a) if there was a difference between participants’ perceptions of their coaches’ and teammates’ influence on their basic psychological need satisfaction, (b) potential differences between participants’ perceptions regarding the impact of coaches and teammates on their basic psychological need satisfaction in interactive and coactive sports, and (c) whether coaches’ and teammates’ influence on athletes’ basic psychological need fulfillment affected participants’ perception of, and satisfaction with, individual and team performance. 362 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes (226 female and 136 male; Mage = 19.36; SD = 2.65) from four different sports (i.e., track and field/cross country, soccer, basketball, and tennis) participated in the study. Results showed that while peers had a significantly more positive influence on individuals’ basic psychological need satisfaction than coaches, it was the need fulfillment from coaches that predicted athletes’ perceptions of, and satisfaction with, performance.
Formation of Fluid Inclusions during Heat Treatment of Barremo‐Bedoulian Flint: Archaeometric Implications
2017-06-01

At the end of the fifth millennium bc, the development of a specialized lithic industry in the Chassey societies of south-eastern France and its dissemination as far as Catalonia and Tuscany attest to important socio-economic changes in the Mediterranean Neolithic societies. The lithic production was made on barremo-bedoulian flint that was heat-treated to improve the sharpness of the tools produced. Microscopic observations of archaeological and geological, heated and unheated barremo-bedoulian flint samples allowed us to highlight the heat-induced formation of fluid inclusions. Microthermometry analyses showed that these inclusions contain pure H2O, most probably resulting from the dehydration of length-slow (LS) chalcedony and the closure of narrow pores, according to the model proposed by Schmidt et al. (2012). Our results enable us to estimate the heating temperatures used by Chassey artisans to ≈ 230°C. We also propose the ‘pressure cooker’ model to explain the migration of liquid water in flint nodules heated to 230°C. Then, we discuss the ability of a particular type of flint to be heat-treated, and hence its value for Neolithic society, which depends on: (1) the amount of LS chalcedony that ensures the water release at relatively low temperature; and (2) on the total volume of porosity available to store the dehydration water.