julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
High-gravity central stars
2006-04-01

NLTE spectral analyses of high-gravity central stars by means of state-of-the-art model atmosphere techniques provide information about the precursor AGB stars. The hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars allow investigations on the intershell matter which is apparently exhibited at the stellar surface. We summarize recent results from imaging, spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry.
A few single crystal zircon ages from the Padeş suite orthogneisses (Southern Carpathians, Romania)
2006-04-01

The Padeş suite from the Poiana Ruscă Mountains is a component of the Padeş Paleozoic terrane. The Padeş terrane evolved as an island arc between the Cadomian Sebeş-Lotru and Făgăraş terranes, the main parts of the Getic crystalline in the Southern Carpathians. Evaporated single zircon grains offered 394±20 Ma, 546±20 Ma, 655±19 Ma, 1305±17 Ma, and 1538±17 Ma ages. The 394 Ma age has been interpreted as an early Variscan collision age, 546 Ma as the protolith age and the other ages as signifying Cadomian and Saharan detrital zircons. Similar to the terranes in the Apuseni Mountains, the Padeş terrane has a North African-Gondwanan provenance.
How relevant are fluid cognition and general intelligence? A developmental neuroscientist's perspective on a new model
2006-04-01

Blair boldly proposes a model integrating different aspects of intelligence. Its real-life value can be put to the test by using programs designed to develop children's abilities in areas predicted to be crucial for minimizing adverse outcome. Until support from such programs is available, the model is an interesting hypothesis, albeit with remarkable possible repercussions. As such, it seems worthy of further development.
Light Metals in PG1159 Central Stars
2006-04-01

We present results of a quantitative spectral analysis of a sample comprising eleven hydrogen deficient post-AGB stars of the spectral type PG 1159 with state-of-the-art NLTE model atmospheres. For all objects high resolution spectra obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) are available. The FUV spectra of PG 1159 stars are dominated by lines of helium, carbon and oxygen, and for the first time we also identified lines of several trace elements as sulfur and silicon which allow to determine the abundances of light metals in the atmospheres of these stars. As these stars show nuclear processed former intershell matter on their surface, the determined abundances also allow us to constrain the predictions of evolutionary models and element abundances in AGB stars.
802: Modulation of Ceramide Metabolism Enhances Tumor-Selective Viral Protein Apoptin’s Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer
2006-04-01

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 22, 2006, 1:00 - 4:00 pm1 Apr 2006802: Modulation of Ceramide Metabolism Enhances Tumor-Selective Viral Protein Apoptin’s Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer Ayman Mahdy, Xiang Liu, Ahmed M. El-Zawahry, David H. Holman, Saeed N. Elojeimy, Alicja Bielawska, Jacek Bielawski, Seymon Rubinchik, Jian-Yun Dong, Keane Thomas, Mahvash Tavassoli, Yusuf A. Hannun, and James S. Norris Ayman MahdyAyman Mahdy More articles by this author , Xiang LiuXiang Liu More articles by this author , Ahmed M. El-ZawahryAhmed M. El-Zawahry More articles by this author , David H. HolmanDavid H. Holman More articles by this author , Saeed N. ElojeimySaeed N. Elojeimy More articles by this author , Alicja BielawskaAlicja Bielawska More articles by this author , Jacek BielawskiJacek Bielawski More articles by this author , Seymon RubinchikSeymon Rubinchik More articles by this author , Jian-Yun DongJian-Yun Dong More articles by this author , Keane ThomasKeane Thomas More articles by this author , Mahvash TavassoliMahvash Tavassoli More articles by this author , Yusuf A. HannunYusuf A. Hannun More articles by this author , and James S. NorrisJames S. Norris More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)33038-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "802: Modulation of Ceramide Metabolism Enhances Tumor-Selective Viral Protein Apoptin’s Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), pp. 259–260 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 259-260 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Ayman Mahdy More articles by this author Xiang Liu More articles by this author Ahmed M. El-Zawahry More articles by this author David H. Holman More articles by this author Saeed N. Elojeimy More articles by this author Alicja Bielawska More articles by this author Jacek Bielawski More articles by this author Seymon Rubinchik More articles by this author Jian-Yun Dong More articles by this author Keane Thomas More articles by this author Mahvash Tavassoli More articles by this author Yusuf A. Hannun More articles by this author James S. Norris More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
International study on low‐grade primary central nervous system lymphoma
2006-04-03

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation, course, and outcome of low‐grade primary central nervous system lymphoma. Methods Cases were assessed in a retrospective series collected from 18 cancer centers in 5 countries. Results Forty patients (18 men, 22 women; median age, 60 years [range, 19–78]) were identified. Involvement of a cerebral hemisphere or deeper brain structures was seen in 37 patients, only leptomeningeal involvement in 2 patients, and spinal cord disease in 1 patient. Chemotherapy/radiotherapy was conducted in 15 patients, radiotherapy alone in 12, chemotherapy alone in 10, and tumor resection alone in 2, whereas 1 patient received no treatment. The median progression‐free, disease‐specific, and overall survival were 61.5 (range, 0–204), 130 (range, 1–204), and 79 (range, 1–204) months, respectively. Only age 60 years or older was associated with shorter progression‐free ( p = 0.009), disease‐specific ( p = 0.015), and overall survival ( p = 0.001) in multivariate analysis. Interpretation Low‐grade primary central nervous system lymphoma differs from the high‐grade subtype in its pathological, clinical, and radiological features. It has a better long‐term outcome than primary central nervous system lymphoma in general with age 60 years or older adversely affecting survival. Ann Neurol 2006
MgB2bulk and tapes prepared by mechanical alloying: influence of the boron precursor powder
2006-04-03

The influence of the quality of boron precursor powder on the microstructure and superconducting properties of MgB2 bulk samples and tapes was investigated. The nominal purity specified by the suppliers considers only metallic impurities and is not sufficient for the characterization of the boron precursor powder. Oxygen impurities and the grain size of the B precursor powder were found to affect Tc and the microstructure of the MgB2 tapes. The microstructure was investigated by SEM and TEM. Grains in the boron precursor powders were either nanocrystalline or crystalline, with grain sizes varying between 110 and 500 nm. MgB2 precursor powder was prepared by mechanical alloying, which resulted in a small, 20–60 nm, MgB2 grain size of bulk samples. Bulk samples showed the highest MgB2 phase fraction and a critical current density of 4.7 × 104 A cm−2 (at 20 K, 1 T) if boron precursor powder with small grain size and small fraction of metallic impurities was used. Such powder also yielded compact tapes and required lower annealing temperatures for the MgB2 phase formation. The typical critical current densities of the tapes were 5.0 × 104 A cm−2 (at 20 K, 3 T) and were significantly better than those of samples reported recently. These results underline the importance of mechanical alloying for enhancing the critical current density of MgB2 tapes. Summarizing, the phase content, the density and the superconducting properties of MgB2 bulk and tapes depend on the choice of boron precursor powder.
A hyperspectral fluorescence system for 3Din vivooptical imaging
2006-04-03

In vivo optical instruments designed for small animal imaging generally measure the integrated light intensity across a broad band of wavelengths, or make measurements at a small number of selected wavelengths, and primarily use any spectral information to characterize and remove autofluorescence. We have developed a flexible hyperspectral imaging instrument to explore the use of spectral information to determine the 3D source location for in vivo fluorescence imaging applications. We hypothesize that the spectral distribution of the emitted fluorescence signal can be used to provide additional information to 3D reconstruction algorithms being developed for optical tomography. To test this hypothesis, we have designed and built an in vivo hyperspectral imaging system, which can acquire data from 400 to 1000 nm with 3 nm spectral resolution and which is flexible enough to allow the testing of a wide range of illumination and detection geometries. It also has the capability to generate a surface contour map of the animal for input into the reconstruction process. In this paper, we present the design of the system, demonstrate the depth dependence of the spectral signal in phantoms and show the ability to reconstruct 3D source locations using the spectral data in a simple phantom. We also characterize the basic performance of the imaging system.
Cytomegalovirus infection in burns: a review
2006-04-03

Sepsis is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from severe burn injuries. Burn patients are known to be immunocompromised, and it is generally accepted that the immunosuppressed patient may experience human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and disease. Review of the very limited available literature identifies a seroconversion rate of between 18 and 22% for burn patients who were seronegative for HCMV prior to suffering their burn injury. Furthermore, approximately 50% of HCMV antibody-positive patients may reactivate. Blood products and allografted skin have clinically been identified as possible sources of HCMV transmission in burn patients. Experience in the treatment of infection or disease in burn patients is very scarce and limited to immunoglobulin therapy. Animal experiments have demonstrated that murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-seropositive skin grafts are able to infect immunodeficient mice as well as burned mice. Murine studies have also demonstrated that infection with MCMV enhances susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection and increases mortality in these animals. Burned mice challenged with MCMV have a significantly higher level of bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes than either control thermally injured mice without MCMV inoculation or non-burned mice injected with MCMV alone. In summary, it remains controversial whether HCMV infection per se alters outcome for the majority of burn patients. Subgroups of severely burned, seronegative patients may benefit from blood products and skin from seronegative donors. Antiviral strategies are not yet evaluated for the burn patient. Further investigations utilizing modern diagnostic techniques seem necessary.
Proceedings of the Third ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions
2006-04-03

This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at the Third ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions, hosted in conjunction with the 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on April 3rd, 2006, in Trento, Italy. This meeting is supported by the ACL Special Interest Group on Semantics (SIGSEM, http://mcs. open.ac.uk/pp2464/sigsem/), which aims to promote research in all aspects of computational semantics. Two successful workshops endorsed by ACL-SIGSEM devoted to the topic of prepositions were held in Toulouse, France in September 2003, and Colchester, UK in April 2005. Prepositions have received a considerable amount of attention in recent years, due to their importance in computational tasks. For instance, in NLP, PP attachment ambiguities have attracted a lot of attention, and different machine learning techniques have been employed with varying degrees of success. Researchers from various perspectives have also looked at spatial or temporal aspects of prepositions, and their cross-linguistic differences, monolingual and cross-linguistic contrasts or the role of prepositions in syntactic alternations. Moreover, in languages like English and German, phrasal verbs have also been the subject of considerable effort, ranging from techniques for their automatic extraction from corpora, to methods for the determination of their semantics. In other languages, like Romance languages or Hindi, the focus has been either on the incorporation of the preposition or its inclusion in the prepositional phrase. All these configurations are of much interest semantically as well as syntactically.
Electromyography (EMG) of Pelvic Floor Muscles
2006-04-04

Abstract This contribution analyses the anatomy and neurophysiology of the pelvic floor muscles as well as the multichannel electromyogram (EMG) of the anal sphincter, urethral sphincter and puborectalis muscles. Cylindrical probes carrying one or more circumferential arrays of electrodes are used to detect the generation (at the end‐plates), propagation (along the muscle fibers) and extinction (at the fiber endings) of individual action potentials generated by motor units of the sphincters. A linear array of electrodes printed on a plastic band glued on the tip of the index finger of a surgical glove allows is used to detect signals from the puborectalis muscles. The anatomical features (fiber length, orientation, location of innervation zone) of motor units of these muscles can be observed with this technique. The application to the anal sphincter is particularly useful for the identification of innervation zones and the proper planning of episiotomy to reduce the risk of anal sphincter damage during child birth.
Ablation of connexin43 in uterine smooth muscle cells of the mouse causes delayed parturition
2006-04-05

Gap junctions are characteristically increased in the myometrium during term and preterm delivery and are thought to be essential for the development of uterine contractions during labour. Expression of connexin43 (Cx43), the major myometrial gap junction protein, is increased during delivery. We have generated a mouse mutant (Cx43fl/fl:SM-CreERT2), in which the coding region of Cx43 can be specifically deleted in smooth muscle cells at any given time point by application of tamoxifen. By this approach, we were able to study long-term effects on myometrial functions that are necessary for parturition as well as gap junction intercellular communication in primary myometrial cell cultures. We found a prolongation of the pregnancy in 82% of tamoxifen-treated Cx43fl/fl:SM-CreERT2 mice as well as decreased dye coupling in cultured primary myocytes of these animals. Other parturition-specific parameters such as the regulation of oxytocin receptor, prostaglandin F receptor or progesterone remained unchanged. Our results indicate the important function of Cx43 during parturition in the living animal and suggest further strategies to investigate the role of connexins in uterine contractility in transgenic mice.
Direct Urca neutrino rate in color superconducting quark matter
2006-04-05

If deconfined quark matter exists inside compact stars, the primary cooling mechanism is neutrino radiation via the direct Urca processes d->u+e+antinu_e and u+e->d+nu_e. Below a critical temperature, T_c, quark matter forms a colour superconductor, one possible manifestation of which is a condensate of <ud> quark Cooper pairs in an electric-charge neutralising background of electrons. We compute the neutrino emission rate from such a phase, including charged pair-breaking and recombination effects, and find that on a material temperature domain below T_c the pairing-induced suppression of the neutrino emission rate is not uniformly exponential. If gapless modes are present in the condensed phase, the emissivity at low temperatures is moderately enhanced above that of completely unpaired matter. The importance of charged current pair-breaking processes for neutrino emission both in the fully gapped and partially gapped regimes is emphasised.
Distanna‐closo‐dodecaborate.
2006-04-06

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
PIN Proteins Perform a Rate-Limiting Function in Cellular Auxin Efflux
2006-04-07

Intercellular flow of the phytohormone auxin underpins multiple developmental processes in plants. Plant-specific pin-formed (PIN) proteins and several phosphoglycoprotein (PGP) transporters are crucial factors in auxin transport–related development, yet the molecular function of PINs remains unknown. Here, we show that PINs mediate auxin efflux from mammalian and yeast cells without needing additional plant-specific factors. Conditional gain-of-function alleles and quantitative measurements of auxin accumulation in Arabidopsis and tobacco cultured cells revealed that the action of PINs in auxin efflux is distinct from PGP, rate-limiting, specific to auxins, and sensitive to auxin transport inhibitors. This suggests a direct involvement of PINs in catalyzing cellular auxin efflux.
Polar PIN Localization Directs Auxin Flow in Plants
2006-04-07

Polar flow of the phytohormone auxin requires plasma membrane‐associated PIN proteins and underlies multiple developmental processes in plants. Here we address the importance of the polarity of subcellular PIN localization for the directionality of auxin transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of different PINs in the root epidermis revealed the importance of PIN polar positions for directional auxin flow and root gravitropic growth. Interfering with sequence-embedded polarity signals directly demonstrates that PIN polarity is a primary factor in determining the direction of auxin flow in meristematic tissues. This finding provides a crucial piece in the puzzle of how auxin flow can be redirected via rapid changes in PIN polarity.
Transcription Analysis of Arabidopsis Membrane Transporters and Hormone Pathways during Developmental and Induced Leaf Senescence
2006-04-07

Abstract A comparative transcriptome analysis for successive stages of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) developmental leaf senescence (NS), darkening-induced senescence of individual leaves attached to the plant (DIS), and senescence in dark-incubated detached leaves (DET) revealed many novel senescence-associated genes with distinct expression profiles. The three senescence processes share a high number of regulated genes, although the overall number of regulated genes during DIS and DET is about 2 times lower than during NS. Consequently, the number of NS-specific genes is much higher than the number of DIS- or DET-specific genes. The expression profiles of transporters (TPs), receptor-like kinases, autophagy genes, and hormone pathways were analyzed in detail. The Arabidopsis TPs and other integral membrane proteins were systematically reclassified based on the Transporter Classification system. Coordinate activation or inactivation of several genes is observed in some TP families in all three or only in individual senescence types, indicating differences in the genetic programs for remobilization of catabolites. Characteristic senescence type-specific differences were also apparent in the expression profiles of (putative) signaling kinases. For eight hormones, the expression of biosynthesis, metabolism, signaling, and (partially) response genes was investigated. In most pathways, novel senescence-associated genes were identified. The expression profiles of hormone homeostasis and signaling genes reveal additional players in the senescence regulatory network.
The Partition Behavior of Fluorotelomer Alcohols and Olefins
2006-04-08

In this paper we present a number of equilibrium partition constants for fluorotelomer alcohols and olefins among them data for air/water and octanol/air partitioning. These data are typically required for environmental fate modeling. Our data deviate substantially from those in the literature. A comprehensive check for consistency and plausibility strongly suggests that the data published here are correct. As a consequence the fluorotelomer alcohols will sorb much more to organic phases and have a smaller tendency to remain in the water phase than expected based on previous data. The presented partition data also allow us to derive descriptors for the various kinds of specific (e.g., H-bonds) and nonspecific (e.g., van der Waals) intermolecular interactions thatthe compounds can undergo. These descriptors can be used in polyparameter linear free energy relationships (pp-LFER) in orderto predict a large variety of other partition coefficients (e.g., air/solvent, solvent/ water) as well as the temperature dependence of their air/ water partitioning. The experimental and theoretical approach that we present here can serve as a general example for what needs to be done in order to ensure high quality physicochemical data for organic pollutants.
VLT spectroscopy and non-LTE modeling of the C/O-dominated accretion disks in two ultracompact X-ray binaries
2006-04-10

Aims. We present new medium-resolution high-S/N optical spectra of the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binaries 4U0614+091 and 4U1626-67, taken with the ESO Very Large Telescope. They are pure emission line spectra and the lines are identified as due to C II-IV and O II-III. Methods. Line identification is corroborated by first results from modeling the disk spectra with detailed non-LTE radiation transfer calculations. Hydrogen and helium lines are lacking in the observed spectra. Results. Our models confirm the deficiency of H and He in the disks. The lack of neon lines suggests an Ne abundance of less than about 10 percent ( by mass), however, this result is uncertain due to possible shortcomings in the model atom. These findings suggest that the donor stars are eroded cores of C/O white dwarfs with no excessive neon overabundance. This would contradict earlier claims of Ne enrichment concluded from X-ray observations of circumbinary material, which was explained by crystallization and fractionation of the white dwarf core.
VLT spectroscopy and non-LTE modeling of the C/O-dominated accretion disks in two\\n ultracompact X-ray binaries
2006-04-10

\\n Aims.We present new medium-resolution high-S/N optical spectra of the ultracompact\\nlow-mass X-ray binaries 4U 0614+091 and 4U 1626-67, taken with the ESO Very\\nLarge Telescope. They are pure emission line spectra and the lines are\\nidentified as due to and .\\n Methods.Line identification is corroborated by first results from modeling the disk\\nspectra with detailed non-LTE radiation transfer calculations. Hydrogen and\\nhelium lines are lacking in the observed spectra.\\n Results.Our models confirm the deficiency of H and He in the disks. The lack of neon\\nlines suggests an Ne abundance of less than about 10 percent (by mass), however,\\nthis result is uncertain due to possible shortcomings in the model atom. These\\nfindings suggest that the donor stars are eroded cores of C/O white dwarfs with\\nno excessive neon overabundance. This would contradict earlier claims of Ne enrichment concluded from X-ray observations of circumbinary material, which\\nwas explained by crystallization and fractionation of the white dwarf core.\\n
Aquaporin Water and Solute Channels from Malaria Parasites and Other Pathogenic Protozoa
2006-04-11

The treatment of malaria and other such diseases, which are caused by protozoa, is faced with problems from the rapid spread of resistant parasites. Aquaporins, cellular water and solute channels of the parasite–host interface, are potential novel drug targets. Research on protozoan aquaporin physiology and protein structure and function is currently taking up speed.