julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Leukocyte Subpopulations and Flow Conditions on Leukocyte Accumulation during Reperfusion
2012-01-01

&lt;i&gt;Background/Aims: &lt;/i&gt;The study examined the interdependent effects of shear stress and different leukocyte subpopulations on endothelial cell activation and cell interactions during low flow and reperfusion. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Human umbilical venous endothelial cells were perfused with either neutrophils or monocytes at different shear stress (2–0.25 dyn/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) and adhesion was quantified by microscopy. Effects of adherent neutrophils and monocytes on endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression were analyzed by flow cytometry after 4-hour static coincubation. After coincubation, the cocultures were reperfused with labeled neutrophils at 2 dyn/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and their adhesion was quantified selectively. For the control, endothelium monocultures with and without lipopolysaccharide activation were used. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; At 2 dyn/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, adhesion did not exceed baseline levels on nonactivated endothelium. Decreasing shear stress to 0.25 dyn/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; largely increased the adhesion of both leukocyte subpopulations, similar to the effect of lipopolysaccharide at 2 dyn/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. However, only adherent monocytes increased adhesion molecule expression, whereas neutrophils had no effect. As a functional consequence, adherent monocytes largely increased neutrophil adhesion during reperfusion, whereas adherent neutrophils did not. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/i&gt;Compromised shear stress is an autonomous trigger of leukocyte adhesion even in the absence of additional activators. Exceeding this immediate effect, adherent monocytes induce further endothelial activation and enhance further neutrophil adhesion during reperfusion.
Osteoprotegerin Positively Regulates Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells
2012-01-01

Osteoprotegerin (OPG), the soluble decoy receptor of RANKL is released by bone marrow osteoblasts and plays an important role in physiological osteoblastogenesis and pathological bone disease. In earlier studies, we have shown that generated stromal cell lines from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM)-region serving as good supporters of murine and human hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) expansion highly express OPG detected by microarray analysis. Here, we investigated the role of OPG to HPC expansion in vitro. Addition of OPG leads to an enhanced expansion of HPC in liquid culture. In addition, progenitor cell function, measured by colony and cobblestone formation, was increased. The observed effects were partially antagonized by addition of RANKL. In conclusion, these findings suggest an important role of OPG maintaining progenitor cell function in the osteoblastic niche.
A Suzaku view of cyclotron line sources and candidates
2012-01-01

Seventeen accreting neutron star pulsars, mostly high mass X-ray binaries\\nwith half of them Be-type transients, are known to exhibit Cyclotron Resonance\\nScattering Features (CRSFs) in their X-ray spectra, with characteristic line\\nenergies from 10 to 60 keV. To date about two thirds of them, plus a few\\nsimilar systems without known CRSFs, have been observed with Suzaku. We present\\nan overview of results from these observations, including the discovery of a\\nCRSF in the transient 1A 1118-61 and pulse phase resolved spectroscopy of GX\\n301-2. These observations allow for the determination of cyclotron line\\nparameters to an unprecedented degree of accuracy within a moderate amount of\\nobserving time. This is important since these parameters vary - e.g., with\\norbital phase, pulse phase, or luminosity - depending on the geometry of the\\nmagnetic field of the pulsar and the properties of the accretion column at the\\nmagnetic poles. We briefly introduce a spectral model for CRSFs that is\\ncurrently being developed and that for the first time is based on these\\nphysical properties. In addition to cyclotron line measurements, selected\\nhighlights from the Suzaku analyses include dip and flare studies, e.g., of 4U\\n1907+09 and Vela X-1, which show clumpy wind effects (like partial absorption\\nand/or a decrease in the mass accretion rate supplied by the wind) and may also\\ndisplay magnetospheric gating effects.\\n
Atrioventricular Conduction Delay in Fetuses Exposed to Anti-SSA/Ro and Anti-SSB/La Antibodies: A Magnetocardiography Study
2012-01-01

Background . The presence of anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies during pregnancy is associated with fetal congenital heart block (CHB), which is primarily diagnosed through fetal echocardiography. Conclusive information about the complete electrophysiology of the fetal cardiac conducting system is still lacking. In addition to echocardiography, fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) can be used. fMCG is the magnetic analogue of the fetal electrocardiogram (ECG). Patients and Methods . Forty-eight pregnant women were enrolled in an observational study; 16 of them tested positive for anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies. In addition to routine fetal echocardiography, fMCG was used. Fetal cardiac time intervals (fCTIs) were extracted from the magnetic recordings by predefined procedures. ECGs in the neonates of the study group were performed within the first month after delivery. Results . The PQ segment of the fCTI was significantly prolonged in the study group (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.007</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>), representing a delay of the electrical impulse in the atrioventricular (AV) node. Other fCTIs were within normal range. None of the anti-SSA/Ro and/or anti-SSB/La fetuses progressed to a more advanced heart block during pregnancy or after birth. Conclusion . The study identified a low-risk population within antibody positive mothers, where PQ segment prolongation is associated with a lack of progression of the disease.
Application of Saturation Labeling in Lung Cancer Proteomics
2012-01-01

Cancer is a quite heterogeneous disease and each cancer type can be divided in different subentities. Normally this is done by pathologist using classical dye-staining protocols or considering specific biomarkers. To identify new biomarkers, allowing a more specific diagnosis clinical tissue specimen is the material of choice. But the amount of clinical material obtained by resection or biopsy is often limited. In order to perform analytical studies with such scarce sample material, a sensitive analysis method is required. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) for the analysis of small protein amounts, protein saturation labeling using fluorescence dyes has been successfully applied. Here, we describe the application of saturation labeling in combination with microdissection for the analysis of lung tumor cells and bronchial epithelium cells. The presented study demonstrates all relevant steps of differential proteome analysis with scarce protein amount: experimental design, manual microdissection, optimization of saturation labeling, 2DE, protein identification and validation. As a result, 32 non-redundant proteins could be identified to be differentially regulated between the respective tissue types and are candidate biomarkers for describing lung cancer in more detail.
Accuracy of automated attenuation-based 3-dimensional segmentation: in the analysis of left ventricular function compared with magnetic resonance imaging.
2012-01-01

We evaluated attenuation-based 3-dimensional segmentation for the analysis of left ventricular function, using as our standard of reference magnetic resonance imaging and dual-source computed tomography with traditional short-axis planimetry.Twenty patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease were examined prospectively. In all magnetic resonance and computed tomographic datasets, global functional values were determined by 2-dimensional planimetry. Computed tomographic scans were further evaluated by automated 3-dimensional segmentation, and the results were compared by Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis.Agreement between magnetic resonance imaging and dual-source computed tomographic 2-dimensional planimetry was good for all values (end-diastolic volume, bias= -4.2, r=0.99; end-systolic volume, bias= -1.7, r=0.99, stroke-volume, bias= -2.4, r=0.98; ejection fraction, bias=0.26, r=0.94; and myocardial mass, bias= 2.5, r=0.90). By contrast, dual-source computed tomographic 3-dimensional segmentation overestimated end-diastolic volume (bias= -19.1, P <0.001), stroke-volume (bias= -16.9, P <0.001), and myocardial mass (bias= -34.4, P <0.001). Moreover, correlation with magnetic resonance imaging proved disappointing for ejection fraction (r=0.72). Results were similar in a direct comparison between dual-source computed tomographic 2-dimensional planimetry and 3-dimensional segmentation (end-diastolic volume, bias= -14.9, r=0.94; end-systolic volume, bias= -0.5, r=0.90; stroke volume, bias= -14.5, r=0.83; ejection fraction, bias= -2.8, r=0.74; and myocardial mass, bias= -36.8, r=0.79).Due to significant overestimation of volumes and poor correlation of ejection fraction with cine magnetic resonance imaging results, attenuation-based 3-dimensional segmentation compares unfavorably with traditional planimetry. Hence this method should be used with caution, and its time benefits should be weighed against its imprecision of functional analysis.
Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG): moving forward in the establishment of clinical reference data by advanced biomagnetic instrumentation and analysis
2012-01-01

Cardiotocography and echocardiography are currently standard for fetal heart monitoring. However, both do not provide adequate temporal resolution to measure fetal cardiac time intervals and detect arrhythmias, which can occur during normal sinus rhythm. Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) is a non-invasive technique measuring magnetic signals generated by fetal heart activity. Most fMCG devices are installed in research institutions limiting the implementation of this method in a clinical setting. Several institutions made a step forward by installing devices, in particular for fetal investigations, in hospital sites to evaluate the clinical benefit. Based on instrumentation differences which can affect signal quality, there is still no established reference database for fetal cardiac time intervals. A new magnetograph dedicated to fetal recordings was implemented with improved patient comfort. The setting was optimized to establish a standard. A total of 103 healthy fetuses starting as early as possible after the first trimester were recorded and fMCG values of cardiac time intervals were compared to former studies. Data allowed high and reliable detection for all fMCG components starting at 17 weeks. The data were comparable to fMCG multicenter studies, fetal electrocardiography and neonatal ECG results and could serve as a database of norm values for further investigation of fetal arrhythmias.
Positive, Neutral and Negative Interactions in Cocultures between Pyrococcus furiosus and Different Methanogenic Archaea
2012-01-01

The model organism Pyrococcus furiosus has recently been reported to interact with Methanopyrus kandleri in coculture, suggesting a H 2 symbiosis. In the current study we further investigated this hypothesis by growing P. furiosus with four other hyperthermophilic methanogens providing evidence that the organisms did not only exert positive effects ( P. furiosus/ Methanocaldococcus villosus and P. furiosus/ Methanocaldococcus infernus) on each other, but also neutral ( P. furiosus/ Methanocaldococcus jannaschii) and even inhibitory interactions ( P. furiosus/ Methanotorris igneus) were detected suggesting interspecies relationships not only based on H 2 symbiosis. Using various microscopic techniques we further analyzed the coculture with the highest positive interactions ( P. furiosus/ M. villosus) concerning its growth behavior on various surfaces, which turned out to be in stark contrast to the previous reported coculture of P. furiosus/ M. kandleri. This communication provides new insights into possible interactions of extremophilic Archaea in cocultures and again raises the question if and how hyperthermophilic Archaea communicate besides metabolic intermediates like H 2 .
A new species of Lactarius (subgenus Gerardii) from two relict Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana populations in Mexican montane cloud forests
2012-01-01

A new milkcap species, Lactarius fuscomarginatus, was found in the subtropical region of central Veracruz (eastern Mexico) associated with two relict populations of Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana. The species is characterized macroscopically by its dark pileus and stipe and by its distant and whitish lamellae with blackish to blackish brown edges. A molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and LSU nucDNA sequences confirms the delimitation of this new taxon and places L. fuscomarginatus in subgenus Gerardii. A detailed morphological comparison is given with similar species.
Autonomous Aerial Sensors for Wind Power Meteorology - A Pre-Project
2012-01-01

Autonomous Aerial Sensors, i.e. meteorological sensors mounted on Unmanned Aerial Systems UAS, can characterise the atmospheric flow in and around wind farms. We instrumented three planes, a helicopter and a lighter-than-air LTA system to fly one week together in a well-instrumented wind farm, partly with nano-synchronised sensors (time stamped with about 100 ns global accuracy). Between bankruptcy of a partner, denied overflight rights at the main test location, denied Civil Aviation Authorities permits at the alternative location, stolen planes, and crashed UAS we managed to collect data at a wind farm in Lolland and on an atmospheric campaign in France. Planning of an offshore campaign using the developed techniques is underway.
The gap equation for spin-polarized fermions
2012-01-01

We study the BCS gap equation for a Fermi gas with unequal population of spin-up and spin-down states. For cosh (δμ/T) ⩽ 2, with T the temperature and δμ the chemical potential difference, the question of existence of non-trivial solutions can be reduced to spectral properties of a linear operator, similar to the unpolarized case studied previously in [Frank, R. L., Hainzl, C., Naboko, S., and Seiringer, R., J., Geom. Anal. 17, 559–567 (2007)10.1007/BF02937429; Hainzl, C., Hamza, E., Seiringer, R., and Solovej, J. P., Commun., Math. Phys. 281, 349–367 (2008)10.1007/s00220-008-0489-2; and Hainzl, C. and Seiringer, R., Phys. Rev. B 77, 184517–110 435 (2008)]10.1103/PhysRevB.77.184517. For cosh (δμ/T) &amp;gt; 2 the phase diagram is more complicated, however. We derive upper and lower bounds for the critical temperature, and study their behavior in the small coupling limit.
Location Effect of Pd Additives on the Detection of Reducing Gases for Nanoscale SnO2 Hollow Spheres based Gas Sensors
2012-01-01

A water-in-oil microemulsion approach was established to synthesize [email protected] and [email protected] [email protected] nanocomposites in order to investigate the influence of the noble metal additive location on the sensing performance towards CO and H2 in dry and humid conditions at different temperatures. It turned out that the Pd additive, being either present on the outside of the shells or encapsulated by the SnO2 matrix, strongly influences the sensing performance. Especially, the inner shell Pd doped hollow spheres ([email protected]) have shown very high signals towards CO in humid conditions at rather low sensing operation temperatures together with an almost linear response curve.
Predicting Caries by Measuring Its Activity Using Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence in vivo: A 2-Year Caries Increment Analysis
2012-01-01

The aim of this study was to analyse the predictive power of several clinical baseline parameters and the de-/remineralisation properties of in vivo etched sites measured with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) for subsequent 2-year caries increment. At baseline, in 44 children (8.23 ± 1.5 years) two areas (diameter 2 mm) of the buccal surface of a primary posterior tooth were etched with 36% phosphoric acid gel for 1 and 4 min, respectively. The etched sites were analysed immediately after etching (ΔQ1) and 24 h (ΔQ2) later by QLF. Additionally, caries status (deft/DMFT and initial caries), approximal plaque, bleeding on probing, and the patient’s current use of fluorides were recorded. In the 2-year follow-up, 29 children were re-assessed. After clinical examination, the caries increment was calculated (ΔDMFT) and correlated with the baseline clinical variables and the QLF readings. Results showed a significant positive correlation between ΔQ&lt;sub&gt;1 min&lt;/sub&gt; and the ΔDMFT (r = 0.44, p = 0.02). The ΔDMFT was significantly correlated with the baseline deft (r = 0.56, p = 0.002), cavitated active caries lesions (r = 0.52, p = 0.003), and filled teeth (r = 0.53, p = 0.003). In a regression analysis the use of fluoridated salt (SC = –0.10) and fluoride gel (SC = –0.14) were negatively associated with ΔDMFT. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the demineralisation properties of the etched sites and the outcome of the 24-hour measurements with QLF are significantly associated with caries increment. Previous caries experience strongly correlated with caries increment in this group of children.
Linguistic Annotations for a Diachronic Corpus of German
2012-01-01

This paper describes the TüBa-D/DC, a diachronic corpus of German that uses selected materials from the German Gutenberg Project and enriches them with different linguistic annotation layers, including part-of-speech, lemmata, and constituent structure. Linguistic annotation is performed automatically by using statistical tools that have been trained with data from the Tübinger Baumbank des Deutschen (TüBaD/Z). In order to assess the annotation quality, an evaluation of the POS tagging is performed on the basis of a data sample of texts that range from the 13th to the 20th century. The paper concludes with a description of three different query mechanisms provided for the user.
Face2Face &#x2014; A system for multi-touch collaboration with telepresence
2012-01-01

One major benefit of multi-touch interaction is the possibility for passive observers to easily follow interactions of active users. This paper presents a novel system which allows remote users to perform collaborative multi-touch interaction in a remote face-to-face situation with shared virtual material seamlessly integrated in a videoconference application. Each user is captured by a camera located behind the screen and touch interactions are thus made visible to the remote collaborator. In order to enhance the immersion of the setup, the system provides realistic stereoscopic 3D video capture and presentation. We highlight the concept and construction of the system and show sample applications which allow for collaborative interaction with digital 2D and 3D media in an intuitive way.
In vitro Activity of Tigecycline and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing <b><i>Escherichia coli</i></b> and <b><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i></b> Isolates from a University Hospital in South-Western Germany
2012-01-01

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms are spreading worldwide in hospital and community settings. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A total of 328 unduplicated ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated in 2008 and 2009 at the University Hospital of Tübingen were analysed retrospectively. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; (n = 253) and &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella&lt;/i&gt; spp. (n = 46) were the most frequent ESBL-producing species. The ESBL rates among &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella&lt;/i&gt; spp. increased from 3.8 and 2.1%, respectively, in 2008, to 5.2 and 2.4%, respectively, in 2009. Two &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; and 3 &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; ESBL producers were non-susceptible to ertapenem, most likely due to loss of porins. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected, molecularly characterized ESBL producers revealed susceptibility to tigecycline among 97.9% (191/195) of the &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; and 78.8% (26/33) of the &lt;i&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; isolates. PCR analysis and sequencing showed the presence of CTX-M-type enzymes in 91.3% of the &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; and 87.9% of the &lt;i&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; isolates, whereby &lt;i&gt;bla&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CTX-M-15&lt;/sub&gt; was the most frequent ESBL gene both in &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; (50.0%) and &lt;i&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; (51.5%). Only 7 single cases of potential patient-to-patient transmissions of &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; strains were observed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Our data suggest that the increase in ESBL-producing &lt;i&gt;E. coli&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;K. pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; isolates at our hospital is mainly caused by growing import of Enterobacteriaceae harbouring CTX-M-type ESBLs.
Spatial Reference in Multiple Object Tracking
2012-01-01

Spatial reference in multiple object tracking is available from configurations of dynamic objects and static reference objects. In three experiments, we studied the use of spatial reference in tracking and in relocating targets after abrupt scene rotations. Observers tracked 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 targets in 3D scenes, in which white balls moved on a square floor plane. The floor plane was either visible thus providing static spatial reference or it was invisible. Without scene rotations, the configuration of dynamic objects provided sufficient spatial reference and static spatial reference was not advantageous. In contrast, with abrupt scene rotations of 20°, static spatial reference supported in relocating targets. A wireframe floor plane lacking local visual detail was as effective as a checkerboard. Individually colored geometric forms as static reference objects provided no additional benefit either, even if targets were centered on these forms at the abrupt scene rotation. Individualizing the dynamic objects themselves by color for a brief interval around the abrupt scene rotation, however, did improve performance. We conclude that attentional tracking of moving targets proceeds within dynamic configurations but detached from static local background.
Growth of Biaxially-Textured MgO Buffer Layers by Inclined Substrate Deposition
2012-01-01

MgO buffer layers were grown by Inclined Substrate Deposition (ISD) for superconducting coated conductors. The surface structure, texture, and extended defects were analyzed for films with different MgO layer thicknesses. A roof-tile structure was only observed for films with layer thicknesses exceeding 800 nm. MgO facet widths and amplitudes were determined for different MgO buffer layer thicknesses. At 800 nm the facets height was 18 nm and the facet width was 71 nm. The corresponding values measured for a 5 μm thick MgO film were 64 nm and 234 nm, respectively. For layers with layer thicknesses smaller than 200 nm the films were polycrystalline with a grain size of 20 nm. For larger layer thicknesses the ISD MgO film grew in the form of columns with diameter of 50 to 100 nm. The texture of the layers was analyzed by electron diffraction in the TEM. From radial intensity profiles obtained from electron diffraction patterns the background-corrected (002)/(111) intensity ratio was extracted. It was found that the (002)/(111) intensity ratio allows to quantify the degree of texture.