julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Implementation of “New Start” Program on Android-Based Application for Healthy Lifestyle During Covid-19 Outbreak
2021-10-25

Health is an essential thing in the life of every human being. Health also can not only be seen physically but also seen mentally. Physically healthy means that the body organs are functioning correctly and there are no problems. While mentally healthy is having a healthy mind, emotional and spiritual. Currently the world is battling the Covid-19 outbreak. The policies carried out by the Indonesian government are always to keep distance with others, avoid crowds, always wear masks, and wash hands frequently. In addition, the Indonesian government also urges the Indonesian people to maintain their health by consuming nutritious food. However, many people are not aware of the importance of maintaining health because maintaining health requires self-awareness to implement a healthy lifestyle. The "New Start" lifestyle program is scientifically researched lifestyle change program based on eight fundamental principles proven to help us achieve optimum health, such as Nutrition, Exercise, Water, Sunlight, Temperance, Air, Rest and Trust in God. This health recovery program is designed to prevent disease through natural method. In this paper, we develop an android-based mobile application that implement the "New Start" lifestyle program by using JavaScript as a programming language, React Native as a framework and Firebase as a back-end service. In conclusion, from the result we can see that the developed application can help people to monitor and maintain a healthy lifestyle during Covid-19 outbreak.
Visual pursuit behavior in mice maintains the pursued prey on the retinal region with least optic flow
2021-10-26

Mice have a large visual field that is constantly stabilized by vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) driven eye rotations that counter head-rotations. While maintaining their extensive visual coverage is advantageous for predator detection, mice also track and capture prey using vision. However, in the freely moving animal quantifying object location in the field of view is challenging. Here, we developed a method to digitally reconstruct and quantify the visual scene of freely moving mice performing a visually based prey capture task. By isolating the visual sense and combining a mouse eye optic model with the head and eye rotations, the detailed reconstruction of the digital environment and retinal features were projected onto the corneal surface for comparison, and updated throughout the behavior. By quantifying the spatial location of objects in the visual scene and their motion throughout the behavior, we show that the prey image consistently falls within a small area of the VOR-stabilized visual field. This functional focus coincides with the region of minimal optic flow within the visual field and consequently area of minimal motion-induced image-blur, as during pursuit mice ran directly toward the prey. The functional focus lies in the upper-temporal part of the retina and coincides with the reported high density-region of Alpha-ON sustained retinal ganglion cells.
Effects of Gas Adsorption Properties of an Au-Loaded Porous In2O3 Sensor on NO2-Sensing Properties
2021-10-26

Gas adsorption properties of semiconductor-type gas sensors using porous (pr-) In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> powders loaded with and without 0.5 wt % Au (Au/pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensors, respectively) at 100 °C were examined by using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and the effect of the Au loading onto pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on the NO<sub>2</sub>-sensing properties were discussed in this study. We found the following: the resistance of the Au/pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor in dry air is lower than that of the pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor; the DRIFT spectra of both the sensors show a broad positive band between 1600 and 1000 cm<sup>-1</sup> in dry air (reference: in dry N<sub>2</sub> at 100 °C), which mainly originates from oxygen adsorbates and/or lattice oxygen, and that this band is much larger for the Au/pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor than for the pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor; the Au loading also increases the adsorption amount of H<sub>2</sub>O and the reactivity of NO<sub>2</sub> on the pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> surface; and the NO<sub>2</sub> response of the Au/pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor in dry air is marginally higher than that of the pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor in the examined concentration range of NO<sub>2</sub> (0.6-5 ppm) in dry air. The obtained results strongly support the enhancement of the NO<sub>2</sub> adsorption onto the pr-In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> surface by Au loading, which contributed to the improvement of the NO<sub>2</sub>-sensing properties.
Primary systemic sclerosis heart involvement: A systematic literature review and preliminary data-driven, consensus-based WSF/HFA definition
2021-10-26

Introduction: Primary heart involvement in systemic sclerosis may cause morpho-functional and electrical cardiac abnormalities and is a common cause of death. The absence of a clear definition of primary heart involvement in systemic sclerosis limits our understanding and ability to focus on clinical research. We aimed to create an expert consensus definition for primary heart involvement in systemic sclerosis. Methods: A systematic literature review of cardiac involvement and manifestations in systemic sclerosis was conducted to inform an international and multi-disciplinary task force. In addition, the nominal group technique was used to derive a definition that was then subject to voting. A total of 16 clinical cases were evaluated to test face validity, feasibility, reliability and criterion validity of the newly created definition. Results: In total, 171 publications met eligibility criteria. Using the nominal group technique, experts added their opinion, provided statements to consider and ranked them to create the consensus definition, which received 100% agreement on face validity. A median 60(5–300) seconds was taken for the feasibility on a single case. Inter-rater agreement was moderate (mKappa (95% CI) = 0.56 (0.46–1.00) for the first round and 0.55 (0.44–1.00) for the second round) and intra-rater agreement was good (mKappa (95% CI) = 0.77 (0.47–1.00)). Criterion validity showed a 78 (73–84)% correctness versus gold standard. Conclusion: A preliminary primary heart involvement in systemic sclerosis consensus-based definition was created and partially validated, for use in future clinical research.
Global Dam Watch: curated data and tools for management and decision making
2021-10-26

Abstract Dams, reservoirs, and other water management infrastructure provide benefits, but can also have negative impacts. Dam construction and removal affects progress toward the UN sustainable development goals at local to global scales. Yet, globally-consistent information on the location and characteristics of these structures are lacking, with information often highly localised, fragmented, or inaccessible. A freely available, curated, consistent, and regularly updated global database of existing dams and other instream infrastructure is needed along with open access tools to support research, decision-making and management needs. Here we introduce the Global Dam Watch (GDW) initiative ( www.globaldamwatch.org ) whose objectives are: (a) advancing recent efforts to develop a single, globally consistent dam and instream barrier data product for global-scale analyses (the GDW database); (b) bringing together the increasingly numerous global, regional and local dam and instream barrier datasets in a directory of databases (the GDW directory); (c) building tools for the visualisation of dam and instream barrier data and for analyses in support of policy and decision making (the GDW knowledge-base) and (d) advancing earth observation and geographical information system techniques to map a wider range of instream structures and their properties. Our focus is on all types of anthropogenic instream barriers, though we have started by prioritizing major reservoir dams and run-of-river barriers, for which more information is available. Our goal is to facilitate national-scale, basin-scale and global-scale mapping, analyses and understanding of all instream barriers, their impacts and their role in sustainable development through the provision of publicly accessible information and tools. We invite input and partnerships across sectors to strengthen GDW’s utility and relevance for all, help define database content and knowledge-base tools, and generally expand the reach of GDW as a global hub of impartial academic expertise and policy information regarding dams and other instream barriers.
Auditory stimulation during sleep suppresses spike activity in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
2021-10-26

Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a common form of childhood epilepsy linked to diverse cognitive abnormalities. The electroencephalogram of patients shows focal interictal epileptic spikes, particularly during non-rapid eye movement (NonREM) sleep. Spike formation involves thalamocortical networks, which also contribute to the generation of sleep slow oscillations (SOs) and spindles. Motivated by evidence that SO-spindle activity can be controlled through closed-loop auditory stimulation, here, we show in seven patients that auditory stimulation also reduces spike rates in BECTS. Stimulation during NonREM sleep decreases spike rates, with most robust reductions when tones are presented 1.5 to 3.5 s after spikes. Stimulation further reduces the amplitude of spikes closely following tones. Sleep spindles are negatively correlated with spike rates, suggesting that tone-evoked spindle activity mediates the spike suppression. We hypothesize spindle-related refractoriness in thalamocortical circuits as a potential mechanism. Our results open an avenue for the non-pharmacological treatment of BECTS.
Identification of Sarcopenic Obesity in German Nursing Home Residents—The Role of Body Composition and Malnutrition in the BaSAlt Cohort-Study
2021-10-26

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a phenotype, which is defined by reduced muscle strength, muscle mass, and obesity. Limited mobility leads to increased sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity. Both sarcopenia and obesity are aggravated by these factors. In combination, SO is an additional challenge for the setting nursing home (NH). Previous studies have shown a low prevalence of residents with SO in comparable settings, such as community-dwelling. We hypothesize that the BaSAlt cohort also has a small proportion of residents with SO. Methods: For the analysis, 66 residents (women: 74.2%) aged ≥ 65 years from NH, were screened for SO based on EWGSOP2 specifications and cut-off values to classify obesity. Results: Severe sarcopenia was quantified in eleven residents (16.7%). The majority of sarcopenic residents were women (n = 10) compared to men (n = 1). However, no SO could be identified by assessment of body mass index, fat mass in percentage, and fat mass index. Conclusion: As expected, the setting-specific cohort showed a low number of SO. Furthermore, no case of SO was identified in our study. Sarcopenia was associated with an increased fat-free mass in NH residents. Nevertheless, sarcopenia and obesity play important roles in the preservation of residents’ health.
Denitrification-driven transcription and enzyme production at the river–groundwater interface: Insights from reactive-transport modeling
2021-10-26

Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to and is under consideration at Water Resources Research. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing an older version [v1]Go to new versionDenitrification-driven transcription and enzyme production at the river–groundwater interface: Insights from reactive-transport modelingAuthorsAnnaStörikoiDHolgerPageliDAdrianMellageiDPhilippeVan CappelleniDOlaf ArieCirpkaiDSee all authors Anna StörikoiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorUniversity of TübingeniDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9281-0881view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressHolger PageliDUniversity of HohenheimiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-351Xview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressAdrian MellageiDUniversity of TübingeniDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-4518view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressPhilippe Van CappelleniDUniversity of WaterlooiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-0820view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressOlaf Arie CirpkaiDUniversity of TübingeniDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-4118view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address
Acetate Facilitated Nickel Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Alkyl Thiols
2021-10-26

We report a mild, fast and convenient catalytic system for the coupling of aryl chlorides with primary, secondary, as well as previously challenging tertiary alkyl thiols using an air-stable nickel(II) precatayst in combination with the low-cost base potassium acetate at room temperature. This new catalytic system tolerates a variety of functional groups and enables the generation of thioethers for a wide range of substrates, including pharmaceutical compounds in excellent yields. Chemoselec-tive functionalization of disubstituted substrates was demonstrated. Kinetic and NMR-studies, as well as DFT computations support a Ni(0)/Ni(II) catalytic cycle and identify the oxidative addition product as the resting state. Acetate coordination and subsequent acetate facilitated formation of a thiolate complex via internal deprotonation play a key role in the catalytic cycle.
The Role of Oxytocin and the Effect of Stress During Childbirth: Neurobiological Basics and Implications for Mother and Child
2021-10-27

The neuropeptide oxytocin acts as a hormone and a neuromodulator, influencing a multitude of human social behaviors, including reproduction. During childbirth and the postpartum period, it plays a key role in regulating and controlling processes that ensure a safe birth and the health of mother and child. Especially the onset of labor, the progress of labor and initial breastfeeding are mediated by oxytocin. In the maternal brain it controls the initiation of the mother–infant bond and the mother’s emotional responses towards her child. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about the role of oxytocin during the different aspects and mechanisms of human childbirth, combining research from human and animal studies. Physiological and psychological stress during childbirth and lactation can have negative effects on the progress of labor, breastfeeding and bonding. We discuss how maternity caregivers can support the positive effects of oxytocin and minimize the effects of stress. Furthermore, we highlight aspects of the basic neurobiological principles and connections where further research is needed to improve our understanding of the regulation and the effects of oxytocin to support maternal and infant health.
Humans use forward thinking to exploit social controllability
2021-10-27

The controllability of our social environment has a profound impact on our behavior and mental health. Nevertheless, neurocomputational mechanisms underlying social controllability remain elusive. Here, 48 participants performed a task where their current choices either did (Controllable), or did not (Uncontrollable), influence partners’ future proposals. Computational modeling revealed that people engaged a mental model of forward thinking (FT; i.e., calculating the downstream effects of current actions) to estimate social controllability in both Controllable and Uncontrollable conditions. A large-scale online replication study (n=1342) supported this finding. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (n=48), we further demonstrated that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) computed the projected total values of current actions during forward planning, supporting the neural realization of the forward-thinking model. These findings demonstrate that humans use vmPFC-dependent FT to estimate and exploit social controllability, expanding the role of this neurocomputational mechanism beyond spatial and cognitive contexts.
Diagnoses of two new species of Parosphromenus (Teleostei: Osphronemidae) from Bangka Island and Kalimantan, Indonesia
2021-10-27

We describe two new species of Parosphromenus from Indonesia based on morphological and molecular diagnoses. Parosphromenus juelinae, sp. nov., occurs on Bangka Island. Its unpaired fin coloration is similar to that of P. deissneri, but it differs from the latter in having a rounded caudal fin with a non-filamentous branched median ray and a smaller anal fin. Although the new species has the same caudal fin structure as P. bintan, it can be distinguished from the latter by its distinct unpaired fin coloration and the intense red color on the body flanks. Parosphromenus kishii, sp. nov., is found only in a single river system in Kalimantan Tengah. It is distinguished from all other congeners by the unique coloration of its caudal fin. A phylogenetic tree based on the cytochrome b (cytb) gene indicates that the two new species are distinct monophyletic groups constituting distinct phylogenetic branches from their congeners. Cytochrome b Genetic distances between Parosphromenus juelinae, sp. nov., and Parosphromenus kishii, sp. nov., and the other taxa in the phylogenetic tree range from 2.44% to 19.52% and from 8.65% to 17.28%, respectively.
Well-posedness and regularity for solutions of caputo stochastic fractional differential equations in Lp spaces
2021-10-27

In the first part of this paper, we establish the well-posedness for solutions of Caputo stochastic fractional differential equations (for short Caputo SFDE) of order α∈(12,1) in Lp spaces with p≥2 whose coefficients satisfy a standard Lipschitz condition. More precisely, we first show a result on the existence and uniqueness of solutions, next we show the continuous dependence of solutions on the initial values and on the fractional exponent α. The second part of this paper is devoted to studying the regularity in time for solutions of Caputo SFDE. As a consequence, we obtain that a solution of Caputo SFDE has a δ-Hölder continuous version for any δ∈(0,α−12). The main ingredient in the proof is to use a temporally weighted norm and the Burkholder-Davis-Gundy inequality.
Variability of neuronal responses in the posterior superior temporal sulcus predicts choice behavior during social interactions
2021-10-27

Quenching of neural variability following stimulus onset is a widely accepted phenomenon. However, the relevance of quenching for the shaping of complex social behaviors remains to be explored. Here, we show that task selective neurons in the GFP exhibit a higher degree of variability quenching than their neighboring unselective neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that behavioral errors are not only associated with lower firing rates but also less variability quenching, suggesting that both facilitate optimal performance.
Optimizing flower fields as an effective farmland eco‐scheme also during non‐breeding
2021-10-27

Abstract The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union implements several farmland eco‐schemes, but most are considered ineffective in halting the population declines of farmland birds. Sown flower fields are among the few eco‐scheme types that rate as clearly beneficial. Yet, current CAP regulations lack minimum criteria for flower fields to qualify as eco‐scheme, and thus only partially exploit their potential biodiversity benefits. Earlier research on the attraction of farmland birds to different types of sown flower fields has focused on the breeding season. We know far less about relative use of these fields during the non‐breeding season, when food limitation can become severe. We therefore compared the attractiveness of four flower field types in SW Germany to 17 bird species during autumn and winter. Based on replicate surveys on 75–168 fields, we analysed bird incidences across these four types, and in relation to vegetation structure and landscape features. Flower field types showed little variation in species richness, but striking differences in selection by particular species. Finches and tits were disproportionally abundant on fields in their first year since sowing, buntings and whinchat on fields in later successional stages. Most flower fields established under CAP greening regulations were ploughed between September and November in their sowing year. Therefore, such fields fail to support farmland birds and other wildlife during a critical phase in their annual cycle. Birds were consistently more abundant on larger fields with a differentiated vegetation structure. Flower fields along hedgerows and groves primarily attracted inhabitants of woodland ecotones, while farmland birds had higher incidences on fields embedded in open landscapes. Policy implications . EU member states currently revise their regulations for farmland eco‐schemes, including sown flower fields. We propose minimum quality standards to assure that such fields effectively support farmland birds also during the non‐breeding season. Standards include a minimum maintenance for two years, more diversified seed mixtures, field sizes exceeding 12 m width or 0.18 ha area, and local diversity in flower field placement relative to other landscape elements such as hedgerows.
Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Woodland in Northern Syria (4th–2nd Mill. BC): Evidence from Charcoal Assemblages and Oak Measurements
2021-10-27

In this paper charcoals from the Syrian sites Tell Mozan and Tell Jerablus are investigated to understand the impact of 4th to 2nd millennium BC settlement on the vegetation. Charcoals from these sites have been identified and oak fragments have been measured for their maximal diameter and annual ring widths. Our results show that while oak had reached its maximal expansion in the Mid-Holocene, and vegetation in the Euphrates Valley was lusher than today, strong anthropogenic impact on the vegetation was occurring, probably already prior to the Late Chalcolithic period. Due to potentially enormous herds of sheep and goat, and possibly large-scale agriculture with perhaps some understory cropping, oak was growing very slowly, to the degree that it must often have had a shrub-like appearance. People did not apply systematic oak woodland management practices, such as coppicing or pollarding. They used dung as an additional fuel, probably to cover for shortages in wood resources. The land appears to have been used both intensively and extensively to a degree that was not sustainable in the long term. This, combined with aridity impact on the oak, probably led to a decrease in oak proportion at Mozan in the Middle Bronze Age.