julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
The Inflammatory Role of Platelets: Translational Insights from Experimental Studies of Autoimmune Disorders
2016-10-14

Beyond their indispensable role in hemostasis, platelets have shown to affect the development of inflammatory disorders, as they have been epidemiologically and mechanistically linked to diseases featuring an inflammatory reaction in inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disorders. The identification of novel molecular mechanisms linking inflammation and to platelets has highlighted them as new targets for therapeutic interventions. In particular, genetic and pharmacological studies have identified an important role for platelets in neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the main molecular links between platelets and inflammation, focusing on immune regulatory factors, receptors, cellular targets and signaling pathways by which they can amplify inflammatory reactions and that make them potential therapeutic targets.
Influence of stent implantation on erythrocyte aggregation in human native coronary arteries and saphenous vein grafts
2016-10-14

Abstract Objective Stent implantation into atherosclerotic coronary vessels induces the release of particulate debris and soluble vasoactive substances, which impair downstream microvascular function. Microvascular perfusion, however, is also determined by hemorheological parameters. We therefore analyzed now changes in erythrocyte ( RBC ) aggregation in coronary arterial blood during stent implantation. Methods Symptomatic male patients with stable angina pectoris and stenosis in their native right coronary artery ( RCA ) or saphenous vein graft on right coronary artery ( SVG ‐ RCA ) were enrolled. Coronary arterial blood was taken before and coronary aspirate during stent implantation with a distal occlusion/aspiration device. RBC aggregation was determined using the erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation test. The ratio of clot‐free area to whole area of a spread blood drop was quantified ( rCFA ). To evaluate the impact of soluble factors within aspirate plasma on RBC aggregation, separated RBC s of healthy volunteers were exposed to patients' coronary arterial blood and aspirate samples. Results rCFA was comparably increased in coronary aspirate of RCA s and SVG ‐ RCA s after stent implantation ( RCA : 25.7±2.1% vs 32.2±2.1%; SVG ‐ RCA : 28.9±1.9% vs 33.3±2.0%, P &lt;.01). The rCFA of healthy volunteers was increased after adding coronary aspirate plasma. Conclusions Stent implantation into atherosclerotic coronary arteries induces an increase in RBC aggregation, potentially contributing to impaired microvascular perfusion.
Who is attracted by teamwork? Evidence of multidimensional sorting from a real-effort experiment
2016-10-14

We analyze the factors that drive an individual’s self-selection decision between (1) working individually and being paid for individual performance and (2) working on a team and being paid for team performance. While the literature has focused on task-specific ability as a self-selection criterion, we also investigate the effects of teamwork skills, expectations concerning the task-specific ability and teamwork skills of potential teammates, and task type. Thus we account for multidimensional sorting. Considering these additional factors might explain the empirical puzzle that some studies have found a positive relation between an individual’s task-specific skills and the propensity to join a team, and others found a negative relation. Confronting our predictions with data from a real-effort pen-and-paper experiment, we find that the less able are attracted by teamwork and team incentives, but teamwork skills and expectations concerning the ability of potential teammates might in fact compensate for this adverse self-selection effect. Regarding task type, we find that teamwork is more attractive if the task offers a high potential for complementarities between team members.
Discourse related readings of scalar particles
2016-10-15

This paper offers an analysis of certain uses of the particles noch/still according to which they scope above a speech act operator. This allows us to keep their meaning contribution stable, and requires a framework in which the operators are part of the LF.
Adjectival 'as'-phrases as intensional secondary predicates
2016-10-15

This paper focuses on adjectival as-phrases that co-occur with transitive verbs, and contribute additional information on the verb’s internal arguments. I claim that these as-phrases behave like secondary predicates, specifically object-oriented depictives, but—in contrast to object-oriented depictives—contribute intensional content, a modal property. In the course of the paper, I delimit the type of as-phrases that are covered in this paper, and propose a formal analysis for these cases that builds on results by Rothstein (2003) on object-oriented depictives, and the notion of information-based modality in Kratzer 2012. I show how the analysis captures the entailment patterns found with these as-phrases, and how it can be extended to related nominal as-phrases.
Towards Photo-Switchable Transport in Quantum Dot Solids
2016-10-15

Abstract We use the photochromic organic semiconductor 1,2-Bis(5′-carboxy-2′-methylthien-3′-yl)-cyclopentene (DTCP) to cross-link PbS quantum dots assembled into thin films. The ligand exchange is monitored by means of vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR) and core-level X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). Transport measurements in a field-effect transistor (FET) set-up reveal ambipolar behavior with hole and electron mobilities on the order of 10 −4 cm 2 /Vs and 10 −5 cm 2 /Vs, respectively. Exposure to UV light from a 4 W UV lamp does not significantly change the transport properties, indicating that switching of DTCP is hindered in the hybrid film. We find a pronounced photo-conductance with rapid and reversible photo-response on the order of few seconds, which we attribute to (de-)filling of QD trap states. Our results indicate that hybrid, nanostructured networks of PbS QDs cross-linked with DTCP can be obtained by the presented procedure but that switching of the QD-bound DTCP appears to be hindered compared to the pure, unbound molecular species. We discuss future means to address this problem.
The polarity protein Scribble positions DLC3 at adherens junctions to regulate Rho signaling
2016-10-15

ABSTRACT The spatial regulation of cellular Rho signaling by GAP proteins is still poorly understood. By performing mass spectrometry, we here identify the polarity protein Scribble as a scaffold for the RhoGAP protein DLC3 (also known as StarD8) at cell–cell adhesions. This mutually dependent interaction is mediated by the PDZ domains of Scribble and a PDZ ligand (PDZL) motif in DLC3. Both Scribble depletion and PDZL deletion abrogated DLC3 junctional localization. Using a RhoA biosensor and a targeted GAP domain, we demonstrate that DLC3 activity locally regulates RhoA–ROCK signaling at and Scribble localization to adherens junctions, and is required for their functional integrity. In a 3D model of cyst development, we furthermore show that DLC3 depletion impairs polarized morphogenesis, phenocopying the effects observed upon Scribble knockdown. We thus propose a new function for Scribble in Rho regulation that entails positioning of DLC3 GAP activity at cell junctions in polarized epithelial cells.
Children's initial sleep‐associated changes in motor skill are unrelated to long‐term skill levels
2016-10-16

Abstract Sleep is considered to support the formation of skill memory. In juvenile but not adult song birds learning a tutor's song, a stronger initial deterioration of song performance over night‐sleep predicts better song performance in the long run. This and similar observations have stimulated the view of sleep supporting skill formation during development in an unsupervised off‐line learning process that, in the absence of external feedback, can initially also enhance inaccuracies in skill performance. Here we explored whether in children learning a motor sequence task, as in song‐learning juvenile birds, changes across sleep after initial practice predict performance levels achieved in the long run. The task was a serial reaction time task ( SRTT ) where subjects had to press buttons which were lighted up in a repeating eight‐element sequence as fast as possible. Twenty‐five children (8–12 years) practised the task in the evening before nocturnal sleep which was recorded polysomnographically. Retrieval was tested on the following morning and again 1 week later after daily training on the SRTT . As expected, changes in response speed over the initial night of sleep were negatively correlated with final performance speed after the 1‐week training. However, unlike in song birds, this correlation was driven by the baseline speed level achieved before sleep. Baseline‐corrected changes in speed or variability over the initial sleep period did not predict final performance on the trained SRTT sequence, or on different sequences introduced to assess generalization of the trained behaviour. The lack of correlation between initial sleep‐dependent changes and long‐term performance might reflect that the children were too experienced for the simple SRTT , possibly also favouring ceiling effects in performance. A consistent association found between sleep spindle activity and explicit sequence knowledge alternatively suggests that the expected correlation was masked by explicit memory systems interacting with skill memory formation.
Containerization and wrapping of a mass spectra prediction workflow
2016-10-16

Practical experiences are reported about implementing a workflow for the prediction of mass spectra. QCEIMS is used to simulate the fragmentation trajectories consequently leading to predicted mass spectra for small molecules, such as metabolites. The individual calculations are embedded into UNICORE workflow nodes using Docker containerization for the applications themselves. Challenges, caveats, but also advantages are discussed, providing guidance for the deployment of a scientific protocol on high performance computing resources.
What Drives the Development of Social Inequality Over the Life Course? The German TwinLife Study
2016-10-17

The German twin family study ‘TwinLife’ was designed to enhance our understanding of the development of social inequalities over the life course. The interdisciplinary project investigates mechanisms of social inequalities across the lifespan by taking into account psychological as well as social mechanisms, and their genetic origin as well as the interaction and covariation between these factors. Main characteristics of the study are: (1) a multidimensional perspective on social inequalities, (2) the assessment of developmental trajectories in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood in a longitudinal design by using (3) a combination of a multi-cohort cross-sequential and an extended twin family design, while (4) capturing a large variation of behavioral and environmental factors in a representative sample of about 4,000 German twin families. In the present article, we first introduce the theoretical and empirical background of the TwinLife study, and second, describe the design, content, and implementation of TwinLife. Since the data will be made available as scientific use file, we also illustrate research possibilities provided by this project to the scientific community.
Possible regular phenomena in EXO 2030+375
2016-10-17

In the last 10 years, since its last giant outburst in 2006, regular X-ray\\noutbursts (type I) were detected every periastron passage in the Be X-ray\\nbinary EXO 2030+375. Recently, however, it was reported that the source started\\nto show a peculiar behavior: its X-ray flux decreased significantly and type I\\noutbursts were missed in several cases. At the same time, the spin frequency of\\nthe neutron star, which had been increasing steadily since the end of the 2006\\ngiant outburst, reached a plateau. Very recent observations indicate that the\\nsource is now starting to spin down. These observed phenomena have a striking\\nsimilarity with those which took place 20 years ago, just before the source\\ndisplayed a sudden orbital phase shift of the outburst peak (1995). This\\nhistorical event occurred at the time exactly between the two giant outbursts\\n(1985 and 2006). These phenomena suggest the system to have an underlying\\nperiodicity of 10.5 years between orbital phase shifts and/or giant outbursts.\\nThe suggested periodicity may reflect some long-period dynamics in the\\ncircumstellar disk of the Be star, due, e.g., to the Kozai-Lidov effect. A\\nmodel generating such a periodic change of the Be disk, namely Kozai-Lidov\\noscillations in the Be disk, is discussed. If this behavior is really\\nperiodical, another phase shift of the X-ray outburst peak is predicted to\\noccur around 2016 December.\\n
Deutetrabenazine—Not a Revolution but Welcome Evolution for Treating Chorea in Huntington Disease
2016-10-17

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Nitrogen substitution impacts organic-metal interface energetics
2016-10-17

We investigated the structural and electronic properties of vacuum sublimed 7,8,15,16-tetraazaterrylene (TAT) thin films on Au(111), Ag(111), and Cu(111) substrates using inverse photoemission spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), and the x-ray standing wave (XSW) technique. The LEED reveals a flat adsorption geometry of the monolayer TAT on these three substrates, which is in accordance with the XSW results. The molecules are slightly distorted in monolayers on all three substrates with the nitrogen atoms having smaller averaged bonding distances than the carbon atoms. On Ag(111) and Cu(111), chemisorption with a net electron transfer from the substrate to the adsorbate takes place, as evidenced by UPS and XPS. Combining these results, we gain full insight into the correlation between electronic properties and interface geometry.
Disciplining large member states during the crisis: analyzing the discursive strategies of the EU and German actors on France
2016-10-17

With the different crisis processes unfolding in Europe, European integration has changed its modus. Critical observers have identified the rise of ‘authoritarian neoliberalism’ or ‘new constitutionalism’ in order to denote the new character and continued neoliberal content of European integration. This article explores the content of the new European mode of integration by analyzing several documents addressed to France by the European Commission as coordinating discourse; and the communicative discourse of German politicians who support and disperse this neoliberal agenda, for example, via interviews in French newspapers. In highlighting the discursive strategies of those speech acts, I argue that those discourses are undemocratic in character as they seek to depoliticize important issues. This analysis helps us understand how the EU disciplines larger member states and also why the French Socialist Government is not pursuing its election campaign program but a mostly neoliberal policy course in the area of economic, social and fiscal policies.
Tensor eigenvalues and entanglement of symmetric states
2016-10-17

Tensor eigenvalues and eigenvectors have been introduced in the recent mathematical literature as a generalization of the usual matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors. We apply this formalism to a tensor that describes a multipartite symmetric state or a spin state, and we investigate to what extent the corresponding tensor eigenvalues contain information about the multipartite entanglement (or, equivalently, the classicality) of the state. This extends previous results connecting entanglement to spectral properties related to the state. While for spin-1 states the positivity of the smallest tensor eigenvalue is equivalent to separability, we show that for higher values of the angular momentum there is a correlation between entanglement and the value of the smallest tensor eigenvalue.
Social equality and Christian life in Paul’s first letter to the Corinthians
2016-10-17

This contribution seeks to clarify how the category of eschatological equality in&#13;\\n1 Corinthians is to be ascertained. Is equality, in this instance, to be understood&#13;\\nas the annulment of status differences within the Christian congregation, or does it&#13;\\nbelong to an eschatological plan of an ideal or utopic world? Is the new Christian&#13;\\nexistence of the Corinthians conceived as real, as outwardly visible or as socially&#13;\\nperceivable? This study is aimed at understanding the theological construction&#13;\\nconnected with these questions by interpreting the paradigmatic relation of the&#13;\\nstatus-designating pairs Ἰουδαῖοι and Ἕλληνες; ἐλεύθερος and δοῦλος; ἄνθρωπος/ἀνήρ, and&#13;\\nγυνή (or ἄρσεν and θῆλυ) within the Pauline argument.
Range extension of Pseudotorinia phorcysi (Gastropoda: Architectonicidae) from the SW Atlantic, with remarks on its ontogeny
2016-10-17

Architectonicidae is a diverse family of heterobranch sea snails comprising over 11 genera and 140 extant species distributed worldwide (Bieler &amp; Petit, 2005). They live in shallow to deep water, and have turbinate to discoidal shells, with a typically wide umbilicus and a downward-pointing (heterostrophic) protoconch (Healy, 1998). Pseudotorinia phorcysi Cavallari, Salvador &amp; Simone, 2013 is a deep-water species known only from its type locality in the SW Atlantic, off Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (23°41'S 42°06'W, 430–450 m depth). Its original description was based on a single eroded juvenile specimen collected by the French-Brazilian expedition “Marion Dufresne” MD55 in the late 1980s (Cavallari et al., 2014).
Leukoencephalopathy With Axonal Spheroids and Pigmented Glia
2016-10-17

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Pathological TDP-43 changes in Betz cells differ from those in bulbar and spinal α-motoneurons in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
2016-10-18

Two nerve cells types, Betz cells in layer Vb of the primary motor neocortex and α-motoneurons of the lower brainstem and spinal cord, become involved at the beginning of the pathological cascade underlying sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). In both neuronal types, the cell nuclei forfeit their normal (non-phosphorylated) expression of the 43-kDa transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43). Here, we present initial evidence that in α-motoneurons the loss of normal nuclear TDP-43 expression is followed by the formation of phosphorylated TDP-43 aggregates (pTDP-43) within the cytoplasm, whereas in Betz cells, by contrast, the loss of normal nuclear TDP-43 expression remains mostly unaccompanied by the development of cytoplasmic aggregations. We discuss some implications of this phenomenon of nuclear clearing in the absence of cytoplasmic inclusions, namely, abnormal but soluble (and, thus, probably toxic) cytoplasmic TDP-43 could enter the axoplasm of Betz cells, and following its transmission to the corresponding α-motoneurons in the lower brainstem and spinal cord, possibly contribute in recipient neurons to the dysregulation of the normal nuclear protein. Because the cellular mechanisms that possibly inhibit the aggregation of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm of involved Betz cells are unknown, insight into such mechanisms could disclose a pathway by which the development of aggregates in this cell population could be accelerated, thereby opening an avenue for a causally based therapy.
Clinical significance of receptor shedding-platelet GPVI as an emerging diagnostic and therapeutic tool
2016-10-18

Platelet membrane bedecked with a wide array of receptors offers a platform to regulate platelet responsiveness, thrombotic propensity, inflammatory disposition, and immune reactivity under diverse pathophysiological conditions. Ectopic proteolytic cleavage of such receptors irreversibly inactivates receptor-mediated intracellular signaling governing cellular functions, further releases soluble fragments into circulation which might modulate functions of target cells. Glycoprotein VI-(GPVI) is a membrane glycoprotein expressed in platelets and megakaryocytes. Platelet GPVI surface expression is enhanced following acute ischemic events like myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke, serves as an imminent diagnostic tool independent of markers of tissue necrosis, and is associated with poor prognosis. Platelets undergo GPVI shedding and thereby contribute to soluble plasma levels of sGPVI, with distinct diagnostic and prognostic attributes. This review summarizes the functional significance and mechanistic basis whereby GPVI surface availability is up- or downregulated on platelets and the impact of GPVI in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies in diseases where platelets play a regulatory role. Further, we also highlight how novel non-invasive platelet-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have evolved utilizing GPVI for lesion-directed antithrombotic therapy or to counteract atherosclerotic disposition to ameliorate care of patients particularly in the context of cardio-cerebro-vascular medicine.