julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Aesthetics of Enumeration: The Arma Christi in Medieval Visual Art
2022-01-01

Abstract The chapter explores pictorial representations of the Arma Christi in late medieval visual art under the premise of their list-like character. The aim is to explain how artists designed the representations of the Arma with a conceptual purpose regarding the interplay of aesthetics and functionality to tie the beholder’s gaze and thoughts to the Passion of Christ. As will be shown, an examination of the Arma from the perspective of enumeration enables a more theoretical understanding of the list and its potential in the late medieval practice of piety.
New coinage metal-coordinated intermetalloid E10 clusters (R3P)AuGe9(Hyp)3Pt(PPh3) (R = Bu, Et)
2022-01-01

We present the synthesis and characterization of the inter-metalloid clusters R 3 PAuGe 9 (Hyp) 3 Pt(PPh 3 ) [R = Et, Bu; Hyp = Si(SiMe 3 ) 3 ] obtained by the reaction of R 3 PAuGe 9 (Hyp) 3 (R = Et, Bu) with Pt(PPh 3 ) 4 . The realized cluster enlargement is also known for the neutral cluster Ge 9 (Et)(Hyp) 3 , leading, however, to a different arrangement of substituents and different dynamics in the solution.
OversampledML at SemEval-2022 Task 8: When multilingual news similarity met Zero-shot approaches
2022-01-01

We investigate the capabilities of pre-trained models, without any fine-tuning, for a document-level multilingual news similarity task of SemEval-2022. We utilize title and news content with appropriate pre-processing techniques. Our system derives 14 different similarity features using a combination of state-of-the-art methods (MPNet) with well-known statistical methods (i.e. TF-IDF, Word Mover’s distance). We formulate multilingual news similarity task as a regression task and approximate the overall similarity between two news articles using these features. Our best-performing system achieved a correlation score of 70.1% and was ranked 20th among the 34 participating teams. In this paper, in addition to a system description, we also provide further analysis of our results and an ablation study highlighting the strengths and limitations of our features. We make our code publicly available at https://github.com/cicl-iscl/multinewssimilarity
Gauge-fixed Lattice QCD and the dispersion relation of Wilson fermions
2022-01-01

We show that, when investigating Wilson-fermions correlation functions on the lattice, one is bound to encounter major difficulties in defining their dispersion relation, even at tree level. The problem is indeed quite general and, although we stumbled upon it while studying Coulomb-gauge applications, it also affects gauge fixed studies in covariant gauges, including their most popular version, Landau gauge. In this paper we will discuss a solution to this problems based on a redefinition of the kinematic momentum of the fermion.
The degradation of mutant RhodopsinIle256del follows the VCP‐dependent endoplasmic‐reticulum‐associated protein degradation pathway
2022-01-01

Abstract Purpose In Europe, the Rho lle256del mutation (deletion of isoleucine at position 255 or 256 in Rho gene) accounts for over 17% of familial ADRP cases (C. F. Inglehearn, 1991). From a clinical perspective, the severity of this mutation can be compared to Rho P23H . In previous studies, we found that the degeneration of misfolded RHO P23H follows the ERAD pathway and the clearance of RHO P23H requires the ERAD effector valosin‐containing protein (VCP). This study aims to characterize the subcellular structural and functional changes in Rho lle256del transfected mammalian cells, evaluate VCP inhibition's effects, and understand the pathological similarity between Rho lle256del and Rho P23H transfected cells. Methods HEK293 and COS‐7 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding Rho WT , Rho lle256del , or Rho P23H , tagged with GFP. Immunostaining was performed to reveal the localization of transfected RHO‐GFP and the co‐localization between RHO‐GFP with ER, endogenous VCP, ubiquitin, and proteasome subunit (PSMB5). Formation and degree of Rho protein aggregates were analyzed in transfected cells before and after proteasome‐ and VCP‐inhibition. Results We found that RHO WT mainly localizes at the plasma membrane, while mutant RHO lle256del and RHO P23H accumulates in the cytosol forming cytoplasmic aggregates. Co‐staining results suggest that both RHO lle256del and RHO P23H aggregates are retained within the ER, partially co‐localizing with VCP. RHO lle256del and RHO P23H aggregates were ubiquitinated and partially transported to the proteasome system for degradation. VCP inhibition led to enhanced accumulation of high molecular weight (HMW) RHO‐containing oligomers and aggregates. Conclusions Our results indicate similar clearance characteristics between Rho lle256del and Rho P23H in transfected cells, including the excessive formation of misfolded RHO aggregates, retention in the ER, and, at least partially, interaction with VCP. Moreover, VCP inhibition affects the abundance of RHO aggregates. This suggests that the clearance of RHO lle256del also follows the VCP/ERAD/proteasome axis, raising a possibility that modulation of VCP could be considered as a potential therapy for Rho lle256del ‐related RP as well.
Effect of protein homeostasis modulation in primary cone degeneration
2022-01-01

Abstract Purpose Degenerative cone disorders are an important group of inherited retinal degenerations as they severely disable visual acuity and color vision, causing a major impact on the quality of life of affected patients. These disorders are commonly classified as cone dystrophies and achromatopsia. The cone photoreceptor function loss‐1 (cpfl1) mutant mouse is a model for primary cone degeneration and shares a similar phenotype to patients with complete achromatopsia. Cpfl1 mutation affects the cone‐specific PDE6 gene, leading to a cGMP accumulation, increased Ca+ influx, and cell death. Moreover, M‐, S‐opsin and cone‐specific transducin mislocalization to the cell body have been reported (Trifunovic et al., 2016). Previously, the inhibition of valosin‐containing protein (VCP, an ATPase involved in the (ERAD)) has proven to be protective in different models of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa restoring protein trafficking (Arango‐Gonzalez et al., 2020; Sen et al., 2021). This study aims to assess whether VCP inhibition can also be protective against cone photoreceptor cell death in a cpfl1 retinal organotypic culture system. Methods Cpfl1 retinal explants were maintained in serum‐free conditions and treated with two VCP inhibitors, ML240 and NMS‐873, from PN14 until PN24 (peak of cone degeneration). Photoreceptor cell survival, cone morphology, and opsin expression were evaluated by TUNEL staining, cell row quantification, and immunostaining. Results VCP inhibition resulted in an increased number of cell rows in the ONL of the treated explants compared with the control groups. The treated retinas also showed an improved cone morphology and a significant restoration of cone density up to levels similar to those observed in the wild type. Conclusions Our results suggest that modulation of protein homeostasis through VCP inhibition is protective in primary cone degeneration.
Lore and Order: Enlisting Rabbinic Epistemology
2022-01-01

Abstract This chapter explores the diverse manifestations of lists in rabbinic texts of late antiquity and their complex strategies of structuring, producing, and conveying knowledge through lists. The discussion is embedded within a broader perspective on lists as didactic and epistemic tools within ancient cultures of the Mediterranean and the Middle East. I argue that lists play an important role in the production of knowledge in premodern Jewish culture. The following examples aim to demonstrate that in Talmudic medical discourse, in legal prescriptions, in exegetical and in ethical midrashic texts, lists function as a versatile “epistemic form.” Lists shaped the rabbinic collections of law and lore that functioned simultaneously as cultural inventories, store houses of knowledge, and practical reference works. They thus facilitate the transfer of knowledge of the world and of the body into the world of the rabbinic study house and eventually into the quasi-canonical Talmudic corpus, an encyclopedic body of knowledge.
Measuring Glucose Consumption and Gluconeogenesis in 3D Human Tissue Cultures with Nanoliter Input Volumes.
2022-01-01

Organotypic and microphysiological culture of primary human tissues and cancers has emerged as a powerful set of technologies that allow to faithfully mimic cellular metabolism and functions ex vivo. The predominant 3D culture methods include spheroids and microfluidic chips. These cultures use low cell numbers and culture volumes, which, however, poses important limitations for the available amounts of sample for downstream analyses. Here, we describe a detailed method for the measurement of glucose consumption dynamics in organotypic culture using a bienzymatic colorimetric assay that accurately quantifies glucose levels using nanoliter input volumes. As an example we utilize spheroids consisting of primary human hepatocytes. The assay has been carefully optimized and benchmarked and is compatible with both longitudinal and high-throughput screening in both static and perfused conditions. The method is straightforward and only requires a microplate reader capable of running absorbance kinetic measurements.
Renormalizability of center-vortex sectors in continuum Yang-Mills theory
2022-01-01

Recently, a novel approach to quantize SU(N) Yang-Mills theory was proposed, where the configuration space { A μ } is split into sectors labeled by topological defects, and then the gauge is fixed by a sector dependent condition. As the procedure is local in { A μ }, it could be free from Gribov copies. In this work, we review the renormalizability of sectors labeled by an arbitrary number of elementary center vortices.
A Prospectivly Randomized Phase-II Trial of Axitinib versus Everolimus as Second-Line Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (BERAT Study)
2022-01-01

Introduction: Inhibition of neo-angiogenesis is a cornerstone of medical treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). While 1st line therapies were previously dominated by inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor axis, 2nd line options were less clearly defined. We investigated the role of everolimus (EVE) or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in 2nd line treatment of mRCC patients. Methods: Key inclusion criteria were measurable mRCC, ECOG 0–1, IMDC risk: good or intermediate and adequate organ function. Patients who progressed on or were intolerant to bevacizumab + interferon were subject for randomization between TKI and EVE treatment. Cross-over occurred at time of progression during 2nd line treatment. Improvement of 2nd line progression-free survival (PFS) rate (PFR) at 6 months from 50% to 65% was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were PFS, total PFS, objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), safety, and patient reported outcomes. Results: In 2012–2015, a total of 22 patients were included. The study was stopped for poor accrual. Ten patients (46%) were randomized to receive 2nd line treatment with EVE (n = 5) or axitinib (n = 4)/sunitinib (n = 1). ECOG 0 was recorded in 20% (EVE) and 60% (TKI). Severe adverse events occurred in approx. 60% in each arm. ORR was 1/5 (20%) for TKI and 0/5 (0%) for EVE. PFR at 6 months was 20% in each arm. Median PFS was 3.7 months (EVE) and 2.2 months (TKI) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.0 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–3.85]). The OS was comparable between arms HR 1.12 (95% CI: 0.27–4.61). Conclusion: The rapid change of the treatment landscape, the limited use of bevacizumab and interferon in 1st line and the duration of 1st line treatment jeopardized BERAT trial recruitment. The small number of patients is a major limitation of our trial. Our observation indicated the poor prognosis in progressive patients and the limited efficacy of TKI or mTOR inhibitors in 2nd line treatment.
Expression of Amyloid Beta42 and its metabolizing proteins is alteredin steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
2022-01-01

Amyloid-Beta (Aß), a major player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), is also generated and cleared in the liver. Hepatic Aß improves sinusoidal permeability and protects against fibrogenesis. Furthermore, cirrhosis impairs Aß clearance in humans and NASH diet worsened AD in mouse models. Therefore we aimed to analyze expression of Aß and its metabolizing proteins in liver tissue from patients with steatosis or NASH. Aß-42 liver tissue levels were determined by multiplex technology and showed a significant decrease in histopathological proven NASH (n=12) compared to steatotic (n=21) or normal livers (n=23). Lower Aß-42 levels correlated with steatosis, but not with fibrosis grade. Fluidigm Taqman-PCR analysis of liver samples in patients with steatosis / NASH (n=64) revealed lower mRNA levels of genes generating or degrading Aß regarding a more severe fibrosis score. Additionally in absence of fibrosis (n=53) we found that steatosis induces Aß precursor protein (APP), Aß generating and degrading genes. The latter was confirmed in vivo by qRT-PCR analysis in liver tissues from mice fed a standard or a high fat diet (n=5 each) for 14 weeks. Furthermore, in vitro using Huh-7 cells, we investigated the impact of saturated (palmitic) and/or mono-unsaturated (oleic) fatty acids (FA) on Aß metabolizing genes. We found in FA treated cells enhanced Aß generating genes and this differential gene expression was dependent on FA concentration as well as was attenuated by addition of oleic acid. Our results demonstrate that NASH, but not (early) steatosis alters Aß levels causing fibrogenesis and cirrhosis.
The Lord's Prayer
2022-01-01

Die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes sind das Ergebnis eines internationalen Symposiums, das im Oktober 2018 an der Universität Tübingen stattfand. Sie untersuchen das Vaterunser im Gespräch mit jüdischen Traditionen, setzen es in Beziehung zur neutestamentlichen Theologie und erforschen seine Rezeptionsgeschichte im frühen Christentum
Management of Symptomatic Gallstone Disease during COVID-19 Lockdown in a High-Resource Setting: Is There a Need for Treatment Alterations?
2022-01-01

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Cholecystectomy (CCE) is the treatment of choice of symptomatic gallstones. Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, operating room (OR) capacities have been reduced. The goal of this study was to evaluate the duration of symptoms of patients presenting with gallstone disease during a lockdown, the surgical management, and the severity grade of their disease. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A cohort study of 353 CCEs performed at a university hospital over two 10-week periods during 2 pandemic lockdowns in Germany compared to corresponding periods in 2018 and 2019. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; During the lockdowns, 101 CCEs were performed compared to 252 in the prior years. The number of elective CCEs was reduced to save OR capacities (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001), and the most common indication for CCE was acute cholecystitis. The median time to CCE after symptom onset was 3 days in both groups for acute cholecystitis. The severity of cholecystitis was comparable (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.760). The time to CCE after choledocholithiasis was shorter during the lockdowns (median of 4 days vs. 9 days; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The incidence and severity of acute cholecystitis during the lockdowns were comparable to the prior years. Acute care surgery was provided at the expense of elective procedures, and there was no need for treatment alterations.
Interventional Removal of Large Catheter-Associated Thrombi Using a Self-Expanding Nitinol Basket
2022-01-01

Background: Catheter-associated thrombi in permanent indwelling catheters (e.g., Hickman's catheters) lead to catheter malfunction and may be the basis for catheter-related infections. Due to the high risk of embolism, simple removal of such catheters is not possible and may require open surgical vascular access, as previous endovascular systems (e.g., cava filter) cannot be safely placed in the superior vena cava and do not ensure safe removal of thrombotic material. A novel self-expanding nitinol basket could remedy this situation.
Scar and Edema Imaging by CMR in Pediatric Myocarditis—Preliminary Results from the MYKKE-Registry
2022-01-01

Background: CMR provides important diagnostic information in adult acute myocarditis while data in children are scarce. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of both late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) of myocardial scar and T2-based detection of myocardial edema (T2) in suspected acute myocarditis.
Acquired von Willebrand's Syndrome in Congenital Heart Disease
2022-01-01

Background: The aVWS (acquired von Willebrand's syndrome) has been reported in association with congenital heart diseases (CHD) causing high shear. Its incidence and impact on intraoperative bleeding have not been systematically evaluated by now. This was also due to the lack of methods for rapid testing under intraoperative conditions.
Pathogenic Variants in Cardiomyopathy and Not Immune Disorder Genes Cause Pediatric Myocarditis with Dilated Cardiomyopathy Phenotype
2022-01-01

Background: Myocarditis is an inflammatory entity of the myocardium that can lead to severe heart failure. Recently, we showed that pediatric myocarditis with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) phenotype is caused by pathogenic genetic variants in cardiomyopathy genes. The potential role of defects in immune disorder genes was not investigated.
Myocarditis and Sports: Data from a Nationwide Registry on Myocarditis: “MYKKE-Sport”
2022-01-01

Background: Myocarditis is considered to be the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in children in Denmark and Germany. In animal models, myocardial involvement during viral infections has been shown to be higher due to intensive exertions. Recommendations for return to training are based on cohort and case studies. Recommendation includes return to sports after 3 to 6 months after onset of myocarditis. Still, the restrictions chosen by the medical community vary leading to poor compliance and possible consequences if not adhered to. This registry study aims at investigating the relationship between physical activity and myocarditis in the young.
Homozygosity for a 3 bp-deletion in BOLA3 Causes a Severe Cardiac Phenotype in Early Childhood with Lethal Outcome
2022-01-01

Background: Due to deficient lipoate synthesis, variants within the BOLA3 gene result in a deficiency of 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases accompanied by defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Patients typically show a severe and progressive multisystem phenotype with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, white matter lesions, epilepsy, and involvement of visceral organs. Around 25 patients can be found in scientific literature. We describe the first patient with a severe phenotype and homozygosity for a 3 bp-deletion in BOLA3.
Fibrotic Myocardial Remodeling in Children and Adolescents after Cardiac Transplantation—A CMR Native T1 Mapping Study
2022-01-01

Background: Adverse fibrotic myocardial remodeling has been reported in patients after heart transplantation (HT). The aim of our study was to quantify diffuse myocardial fibrosis using CMR in a cohort of children and adolescents after HT to identify potential underlying factors that are related to increased fibrosis and to assess its hemodynamic relevance.
T2-Weighted MRI following TCPC: Fontan Patients with Type-4 Classification of the Thoracic Lymphatic Channels Show a Lower Exercise Capacity
2022-01-01

Background: T2-weighted MRI has been recently introduced into noninvasive diagnosis of lymphatic abnormalities. According to Biko et al (Radiology 2019), patients with single ventricle physiology and greater extension and distribution of lymphatic channels in the chest and neck (type 4) showed worse outcomes on T2-weighted MRI after completion of Fontan circulation. In this study, we tried to find out if clinical and laboratory parameters are associated with type-4 abnormalities following TCPC.
Meta-criteria to formulate criteria of consciousness
2022-01-01

Abstract Any neurobiological model claiming explanation of a complex human phenomenon should start with an explicit definition of the explanandum. If a classical intensional definition is impossible, we can use a descriptive definition by listing necessary criteria (e.g., of consciousness). This commentary suggests four meta-criteria that different proposed criteria of consciousness should fulfill: phenomenological consensus, empirical evidence, domain specificity, and non-circularity.
Religious Autonomy and Local Religion among Indigenous Confraternities in Colonial Mexico, Sixteenth-Seventeenth Centuries
2022-01-01

Confraternities were indispensable charitable institutions in colonial Mexico. Not only did missionaries see the potential of confraternities as a vehicle for evangelization, but also indigenous people themselves used Christianity as a tool for their own protection and survival. Whether it be in their hospital work or economic transactions, indigenous people ultimately became advocates of their own Christianity to advance their social status and power, and to negotiate their community positions. Indigenous customs were by no means eradicated within the new colonial society, and evidence of hybrid practices and local religion can be seen in the activities of confraternity members. By drawing on indigenous symbols and styles and fusing Christian saints with ancestral deities, indigenous people formed a Christianity of their own that was neither fully “orthodox” nor wholly “unorthodox.” Between these two extremes, confraternity life fluctuated dynamically. What emerges from confraternity records, often written in Nahuatl with finances recorded in Aztec currencies, can aptly be called “Nahua Christianity,” a combination of pre- and post-conquest religiosity.