julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Individual Cognitive Potential of Persons with Intellectual Disability in Workshops for Adapted Work
2017-03-01

Summary We aimed at using simple judgments of event segmentation to reveal cognitive problems in workers with intellectual disability regarding their assembly performance. We investigated event perception and assembly performance in 32 workers (mean IQ = 64.4). First, we assessed their ability to segment activity into meaningful events. The task involved segmenting four videos in coarse and fine events. We assessed event segmentation performance and compared it to 30 controls (IQ &gt; 100). The workers detected fewer event boundaries than controls. A subgroup of the workers (12 of 32) defined more event boundaries in the coarse than the fine condition, indicating misconception of higher‐ and lower‐level content. The remaining 20 workers showed diminished hierarchical alignment compared to controls. Second, workers executed a Lego task. Better event segmentation performance was associated with enhanced assembly performance. These results suggest that the event segmentation task can serve as a diagnostic assessment for cognitive potential.Copyright © 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
[On the legalization debate of non-medical cannabis consumption : Position paper of the German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics].
2017-03-01

Calls are increasing for the legalization of cannabis. Some legal experts, various politicians, political parties and associations are demanding a change in drug policy. The legalization debate is lively and receiving wide coverage in the media. The German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (DGPPN) comments on the most important questions from a medical scientific perspective: can cannabis consumption trigger mental illnesses, what consequences would legalization have for the healthcare system and where is more research needed?
Context-sensitive timing automata for fast source level simulation
2017-03-01

We present a novel technique for efficient source level timing simulation of embedded software execution on a target platform. In contrast to existing approaches, the proposed technique can accurately approximate time without requiring a dynamic cache model. Thereby the dramatic reduction in simulation performance inherent to dynamic cache modeling is avoided. Consequently, our approach enables an exploitation of the performance potential of source level simulation for complex microarchitectures that include caches. Our approach is based on recent advances in context-sensitive binary level timing simulation. However, a direct application of the binary level approach to source level simulation reduces simulation performance similarly to dynamic cache modeling. To overcome this performance limitation, we contribute a novel pushdown automaton based simulation technique. The proposed context-sensitive timing automata enable an efficient evaluation of complex simulation logic with little overhead. Experimental results show that the proposed technique provides a speed up of an order of magnitude compared to existing context selection techniques and simple source level cache models. Simulation performance is similar to a state of the art accelerated cache simulation. The accelerated simulation is only applicable in specific circumstances, whereas the proposed approach does not suffer this limitation.
qPortal – A science gateway for biomedical applications
2017-03-01

Modern biomedical research aims at drawing biological conclusions from large, highly complex biological datasets. Nowadays, it is common practice to make extensive use of high-throughput technologies that produce big amounts of heterogeneous data. In addition to the ever-improving accuracy, methods are getting faster and cheaper, resulting in a steadily increasing need for large amounts of storage, data management, and easily accessible means of analysis. We present qPortal, a web-based science gateway providing users with an intuitive way to manage and analyze quantitative biological data. Pre-programmed analysis pipelines, quality control workflows, and visualization tools are offered to the user. Through intensive user interactions, appropriate data models have been developed. These models build the biological data management system and provide possibilities to annotate data, query existing metadata for statistics and future re-analysis on a high-performance computing system via a coupling to gUSE, a workflow management system.
Paranoid Masculinity in a Woman’s Mansion: Henry James’ “The Aspern Papers”
2017-03-01

Abstract Over the last decades, literary scholarship has increasingly recognised the importance of Henry James’ fiction for an understanding of late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century dynamics of genders and sexualities. In his writing, James repeatedly demonstrates how modern patriarchal masculinities fail to establish themselves as stable identities. On a textual level, he employs a ‘queer rhetoric’ that allows for readings beyond the normative axes masculine-feminine/homosexual-heterosexual. In this paper, I discuss how James, in his tale “The Aspern Papers” (1888), turns traditionally gendered power relations upside-down: while the patriarchal home is the domestic centre of the narrative, it is two women who are in control of its secrets. The male protagonist, a nameless editor, has to rely on the women’s willingness to let him in on their secret, allow him access to the letters of the dead poet Jeffrey Aspern, which he assumes to be in their possession, and, hence, let him face his own unspeakable secret in a ‘closet’ that is not his own.
A15 Rapid radiation of treponema pallidum pertenue in wild non-human primates
2017-03-01

Bacteria of the species Treponema pallidum are causative agents of venereal syphilis (Treponema pallidum pallidum), Bejel (T. p. endemicum), and yaws (T. p. pertenue) in humans. We documented Treponema pallidum infections associated with disease in wild sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, and green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) from Bijilo Forest Park, Gambia and Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal. To examine the evolutionary relatedness of these treponemes to those responsible for diseases in humans and for previously documented infections in baboons (Papio papio), we conducted a hybridization capture experiment to enrich Treponema pallidum DNA from samples collected from symptomatic individuals. This approach allowed us to sequence the full genomes of Treponema pallidum strains infecting sooty mangabeys (n = 2) and green monkeys (n = 4). Phylogenomic analyses revealed that all Treponema pallidum strains infecting non-human primates are most closely related to the sub-species T. p. pertenue. Strains infecting humans and non-human primates do not appear to be reciprocally monophyletic. The star-like phylogenetic branching pattern of the T. p. pertenue clade, with short basal branches receiving low statistical support, suggests a rapid initial radiation across humans and non-human primates. These results greatly broaden the known host range of T.p. pertenue and suggest the existence of a vast zoonotic reservoir that could possibly contribute to the failure of global eradication efforts.
Abstracts from the 4th ImmunoTherapy of Cancer Conference
2017-03-01

### A1 Intratumoral immunotherapy. B16-F10 murine melanoma model #### J. Ženka1, V. Caisová1, O. Uher1, P. Nedbalová1, K. Kvardová1, K. Masáková1, G. Krejčová1, L. Paďouková1, I. Jochmanová2, K. I. Wolf3, J. Chmelař1, J. Kopecký1 ##### 1Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of
X‐ray observations of Galactic H.E.S.S. sources: An update
2017-03-01

X‐ray diagnostics of TeV (teraelectronvolt) sources continues to be an important tool to identify the nature of newly detected sources as well as to pinpoint the physics processes that are at work in these highly energetic objects. This paper gives a review of recent studies that have been performed on TeV sources with H.E.S.S. and XMM ‐Newton and also other X‐ray facilities. Here, we mainly focus on the galactic object types γ ‐ray binaries and supernova remnants ( SNRs ). γ ‐ray binaries form a small class of objects whose identification and study is challenging because of the sometimes very long orbital periods that need to be established from data. Particular emphasis is given to SNR studies, including recently identified SNRs such as HESS J1731 −347 and HESS J1534 −571, as well as a revisit of RX J1713 .7−3946.
‘Regardez la vie reprendre’: Futurity in Véronique Tadjo’s L’Ombre d’Imana / The Shadow of Imana
2017-03-01

In this essay, I review a series of binaries that are examined by Véronique Tadjo’s recent narrative about Rwanda and its 1994 genocide, L’Ombre d’Imana (Engl. trans. The Shadow of Imana, 2002), and doubly blurred. These binaries (inside/out, here/there, past/future) and envisaged from two points of view. They are situated first in the dreadful zones of biopolitical indistinction in which the law legalizes its own suspension and renders legal atrocities normally outside the realm of the permissible; and they are re-envisaged in a movement which “turns inside out” (Esposito) these indistinctions to assert an unbroken fabric of life, human or otherwise, which resists even the perversions of the extreme manifestation of biopolitics evinced by genocide. This article shifts its focus away from the customary topic of the relationship between genocide and representation, towards issue of genocide and biopolitics, and to a form of semiois that does not merely “mean”, but makes life (continue to) happen. Rwanda may stand, emblematically, for the stamping out of life on the continent, for the existential negativity that African often emblematizes in the global imaginary; by contrast, Tadjo, in her reading of Rwanda, poses to the African continent, not a rhetorical question but a fundamental ontological and existential enquiry: “Comment envisager le futur ici? Quel futur?” (Tadjo 125, “How can you envisage the future here? What future?”).
Tracking independence and merging of prosodic and phonemic processing across infancy
2017-03-02

Abstract Recent evidence suggests division of labor in phonological analysis underlying speech recognition. Adults and children appear to decompose the speech stream into phoneme‐relevant information and into syllable stress. Here we investigate whether both speech processing streams develop from a common path in infancy, or whether there are two separate streams from early on. We presented stressed and unstressed syllables (spoken primes) followed by initially stressed early learned disyllabic German words (spoken targets). Stress overlap and phoneme overlap between the primes and the initial syllable of the targets varied orthogonally. We tested infants 3, 6 and 9 months after birth. Event‐related potentials ( ERP s) revealed stress priming without phoneme priming in the 3‐month‐olds; phoneme priming without stress priming in the 6‐month‐olds; and phoneme priming, stress priming as well as an interaction of both in 9‐month‐olds. In general the present findings reveal that infants start with separate processing streams related to syllable stress and to phoneme‐relevant information; and that they need to learn to merge both aspects of speech processing. In particular the present results suggest (i) that phoneme‐free prosodic processing dominates in early infancy; (ii) that prosody‐free phoneme processing dominates in middle infancy; and (iii) that both types of processing are operating in parallel and can be merged in late infancy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Contemporary Multidetector Computed Tomography for the Detection of Lumbar Disk Herniation
2017-03-02

Introduction: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for detection of lumbar disk herniation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the standard of reference.
Band Alignment and Charge Transfer in Complex Oxide Interfaces
2017-03-03

The synthesis of transition metal heterostructures is currently one of the most vivid fields in the design of novel functional materials. In this paper, we propose a simple scheme to predict band alignment and charge transfer in complex oxide interfaces. For semiconductor heterostructures, band-alignment rules like the well-known Anderson or Schottky-Mott rule are based on comparison of the work function or electron affinity of the bulk components. This scheme breaks down for oxides because of the invalidity of a single work-function approximation as recently shown in [Phys. Rev. B 93, 235116 (2016)PRBMDO2469-995010.1103/PhysRevB.93.235116; Adv. Funct. Mater. 26, 5471 (2016)AFMDC61616-301X10.1002/adfm.201600243]. Here, we propose a new scheme that is built on a continuity condition of valence states originating in the compounds’ shared network of oxygen. It allows for the prediction of sign and relative amplitude of the intrinsic charge transfer, taking as input only information about the bulk properties of the components. We support our claims by numerical density functional theory simulations as well as (where available) experimental evidence. Specific applications include (i) controlled doping of SrTiO_{3} layers with the use of 4d and 5d transition metal oxides and (ii) the control of magnetic ordering in manganites through tuned charge transfer.
Laser capture microdissection enables transcriptomic analysis of dividing and quiescent liver stages ofPlasmodiumrelapsing species
2017-03-03

Dormant liver stage forms (hypnozoites) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax present major hurdles to control and eradicate infection. Despite major research efforts, the molecular composition of hypnozoites remains ill defined. Here, we applied a combination of state-of-the-art technologies to generate the first transcriptome of hypnozoites. We developed a robust laser dissection microscopy protocol to isolate individual Plasmodium cynomolgi hypnozoites and schizonts from infected monkey hepatocytes and optimized RNA-seq analysis to obtain the first transcriptomes of these stages. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 120 transcripts as being differentially expressed in the hypnozoite stage relative to the dividing liver schizont, with 69 and 51 mRNAs being up- or down-regulated, respectively, in the hypnozoites. This lead to the identification of potential markers of commitment to and maintenance of the dormant state of the hypnozoite including three transcriptional regulators of the ApiAP2 family, one of which is unique to P. cynomolgi and P. vivax, and the global translational repressor, eIF2a kinase eIK2, all of which are upregulated in the hypnozoite. Together, this work not only provides a primary experimentally-derived list of molecular markers of hypnozoites but also identifies transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression as potentially being key to establishing and maintaining quiescence.
Reinduction of PD1-inhibitor therapy: first experience in eight patients with metastatic melanoma
2017-03-03

Significant progress has been made in the treatment of metastatic melanoma during the last years. Approval of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies has been achieved recently. The sequencing of these therapies is an important issue. Here, we report our experience with the treatment and retreatment with PD1-inhibitors (PD1i) in eight patients. The patients (two female and seven male with a median age of 70 years, all melanoma stage IV, M1c) underwent a first treatment period with PD1i for a median of 5.5 months. Three (37.5%) patients had a stable disease as best response, two (25%) showed progression, two (25%) showed partial response, and one (12.5%) achieved complete remission. PD1i was discontinued due to disease progression in seven patients and due to side effects (pancreatitis) in one patient. Patients were subsequently treated with ipilimumab ( n =2), or chemotherapy ( n =4), or no other medical treatment ( n =2). All eight patients were subsequently retreated with PD1i for a median of 2.5 months. One (12.5%) developed a partial response, whereas in three patients (37.5%) the disease was stabilized. PD1i have shown a high and durable response rate in the first-line treatment of metastatic melanoma. Our study suggests PD1i retreatment as a reasonable option for selected patients. Further investigations are needed to verify the value of PD1i re-exposure and to identify subgroups of patients who can benefit.
The Genetic History of Northern Europe
2017-03-03

Recent ancient DNA studies have revealed that the genetic history of modern Europeans was shaped by a series of migration and admixture events between deeply diverged groups. While these events are well described in Central and Southern Europe, genetic evidence from Northern Europe surrounding the Baltic Sea is still sparse. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from 24 ancient North Europeans ranging from ~7,500 to 200 calBCE spanning the transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural lifestyle, as well as the adoption of bronze metallurgy. We show that Scandinavia was settled after the retreat of the glacial ice sheets from a southern and a northern route, and that the first Scandinavian Neolithic farmers derive their ancestry from Anatolia 1000 years earlier than previously demonstrated. The range of Western European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers extended to the east of the Baltic Sea, where these populations persisted without gene-flow from Central European farmers until around 2,900 calBCE when the arrival of steppe pastoralists introduced a major shift in economy and established wide-reaching networks of contact within the Corded Ware Complex.
Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins During Uncomplicated Malaria: A Cohort Study in Lambaréné, Gabon
2017-03-03

The serum lipid profile in malaria patients has been found to differ from that of healthy controls. We investigated serum lipid profile changes in malaria patients over time compared with patients with other febrile diseases. In total, 217 patients were included in the study (111 malaria patients and 106 symptomatic controls, defined as malaria-negative febrile patients). Serum lipid levels (mmol/L) were significantly lower in malaria patients compared with those with other febrile diseases (total cholesterol [TC] = 3.26 [standard deviation = 0.94] versus 3.97 [1.22; P &lt; 0.001]; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] = 0.43 [0.47] versus 1.05 [0.67; P &lt; 0.001], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] = 2.05 [0.76] versus 2.42 [0.90; P &lt; 0.001]. Triglycerides (TGs) levels were higher in malaria patients (1.81 [1.02] versus 1.11 [0.82; P &lt; 0.001]). No significant differences were found for apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein(a). Cholesterol levels increased toward reference values on day 28 (TC = 3.26–3.98, P &lt; 0.001; HDL-C = 0.43–0.96, P &lt; 0.001; LDL-C = 2.05–2.60, P &lt; 0.001). TG levels decreased from 1.81 on admission to 1.76 (day 3) and 0.88 (day 28; P = 0.130). Lipid profile changes were not correlated with parasitemia or Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 levels. This study confirms characteristic temporary lipid profile changes in malaria. Lipid profile changes demonstrated a good accuracy to discriminate between malaria and other febrile diseases (area under the curve = 0.80 (95% confidence interval = 0.742–0.863, P &lt; 0.001). Several plausible hypotheses exist regarding the pathophysiology of lipid profile changes in malaria. Further studies to elucidate the precise pathways may lead to improved understanding of the underlying pathophysiology.
How to Perform and Interpret Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
2017-03-03

Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed the importance of the role of cognitive and psychological factors and the dysregulation of the brain-gut axis in functional gastrointestinal disorder patients. Although only a small number of neuroimaging studies have been conducted in functional gastrointestinal disorder patients, and despite the fact that the neuroimaging technique requires a high level of knowledge, the technique still has a great deal of potential. The application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique in functional gastrointestinal disorders should provide novel methods of diagnosing and treating patients. In this review, basic knowledge and technical/practical issues of fMRI will be introduced to clinicians.
From the desktop to the grid and cloud: conversion of KNIME workflows to WS-PGRADE
2017-03-04

Computational analyses for research usually consist of a complicated orchestration of data flows, software libraries, visualization, selection of adequate parameters, etc. Structuring these complex activities into a collaboration of simple, reproducible and well defined tasks brings down complexity and increases reproducibility. This is the basic notion of workflows. Workflow engines allow users to create and execute workflows, each having unique features. In some cases, certain features offered by platforms are royalty-based, hindering use in the scientific community. We present our efforts to convert whole workflows created in the Konstanz Information Miner Analytics Platform to the Web Services Parallel Grid Runtime and Developer Environment. We see the former as a great workflow editor due to its considerable user base and user-friendly graphical interface. We deem the latter as a great backend engine able to interact with most major distributed computing interfaces. We introduce work that provides a platform-independent tool representation, thus assisting in the conversion of whole workflows. We also present the challenges inherent to workflow conversion across systems, as well as the ones posed by the conversion between the chosen workflow engines, along with our proposed solution to overcome these challenges. The combined features of these two platforms (i.e., intuitive workflow design on a desktop computer and execution of workflows on distributed high performance computing interfaces) greatly benefit researchers and minimize time spent in technical chores not directly related to their area of research.
Farmers at the heart of the ‘human capital revolution’? Decomposing the numeracy increase in early modern Europe†
2017-03-05

Did the early development of skills and numerical abilities occur primarily in urban centres and among the elite groups of society? This study assesses the human capital of different occupational groups in the early modern period and partially confirms this finding: skilled and professional groups had higher levels of numeracy and literacy than persons in unskilled occupations. However, there was another large group that developed substantial human capital and represented around one‐third of the total population: farmers. By analysing numeracy and literacy evidence from six countries in Europe and Latin America, we argue that farmers contributed significantly to the formation of human capital and, consequently, to modern economic growth.