julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioural therapy for mild-to-moderate depression: study protocol of a randomised-controlled rater-blind trial (WIKI-D)
2017-11-01

Introduction Despite a substantial number of studies providing evidence for the efficacy of psychological treatment for mild-to-moderate depression, maximally only 50% of participants respond to treatment, even when using gold-standard treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy. New approaches such as the ‘third wave’ psychotherapies have provided promising results; however, studies concerning the comparison with evidence-based treatments are lacking. This study aims to compare the efficacy of clinical hypnotherapy (HT) with gold-standard psychotherapy (CBT) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate major depressive episodes. Methods and analysis The present study comprises a monocentric, two-armed, randomised-controlled, rater-blind (non-inferiority) clinical trial. A total of 160 participants with mild-to-moderate major depression episode will be randomly assigned to either CBT or HT involving 20 sessions of psychotherapy over a period of 24 weeks. We predict that the average improvement in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score will not be inferior in HT compared with CBT (non-inferiority hypothesis). Further outcome parameters will include the number of participants responding to treatment following the completion of treatment and 1 year after. Additionally, quality of life, treatment expectations and hypnotic susceptibility before and after end of treatment will be assessed. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol and the documents for the informed consent have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Tuebingen (061/2015B02). The results of this trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, and will be presented at national and international conferences. Trial registration number NCT02375308 ; Pre-results.
Uniparental disomy and prenatal phenotype
2017-11-01

UPD cases are rare and the phenotypes are different, which depend on the origin and affected chromosomal part. If a fetus shows multiple anomalies that cannot be attributed to a common aneuploidy or a genetic syndrome, or manifests some features possibly related to an UPD syndrome, such as detection of sSMC, SNP-array should be considered.
Invasive plants differ from native plants in their impact on native communities
2017-11-01

Abstract Aims Although the impacts of alien plant invasions on native communities are well documented, the mechanisms that underlie these impacts are poorly resolved. Little is yet known as to why invasive alien plants have greater impacts than native species on their neighbouring species within a community. We investigated two potential mechanisms by which invasive plants may harm neighbouring species: resource competition and novel compounds of the invaders. Locations Field removal experiment in France and Switzerland, and common garden experiment at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. Methods We first conducted a field removal experiment to compare the response of neighbouring communities to experimental biomass removal of two alien invasive vs two dominant native plant species in two sites of each target species (thus eight sites in total). In addition, we conducted a common garden pot experiment to compare the effect of eight triplets of closely related target species (24 species in total), each consisting of an alien invasive species in Europe, a dominant native and a random native species, on the growth of a grass community under the addition or not of activated carbon ( AC ). Results (1) Field removal experiment: in the control plots, we found that the biomass of native species explained a substantial amount of the variation in biomass of the neighbouring communities, but the invader's biomass did not. Moreover, the neighbouring community recovered from removal of the dominant native species, showing a significant increase in biomass, but did not after removal of the invaders. (2) Common garden pot experiment: we found a larger effect of invasive species than native species on the growth rate of the grass community, but this difference disappeared when AC was added. Conclusion Both experiments suggest that the impact of some invasive species is not driven by resource competition, but by other mechanisms, most likely by novel weapons or novel plant–soil interactions.
A software-defined firewall bypass for congestion offloading
2017-11-01

With increasing network bandwidths, stateful firewalls are likely to become communication bottlenecks in networks. To mitigate this problem, we propose to bypass selected traffic around firewalls using software-defined networking (SDN). We discuss various approaches and elaborate the following concept. A controller samples outgoing packets at the firewall using sFlow to detect congestion. In case of congestion, flows already admitted by the firewall are identified and offloaded at an appropriate rate by installing flow-specific bypass rules on an OpenFlow-capable switch. We suggest two different algorithms to select appropriate flows and provide a proof-of-concept implementation in a network testbed using the Ryu controller framework. Experimental results illustrate the system behavior at different load levels with and without offloading. We provide an analytical system model to predict the offloading performance for other system parameters than experimentally evaluated and validate the model with our experimental results. A parameter study suggests that the offloaded traffic rate may be a multiple of the firewall's capacity if the switch supports sufficient flow rules or is able to match for TCP flags.
Generating new evidence, improving clinical practice and developing research capacity: the benefits of recruiting to the U.K. Dermatology Clinical Trials Network's STOP GAP and BLISTER trials
2017-11-01

Clinical trials may benefit clinical practice in three ways: firstly, clinicians may change their practice according to the new trial evidence; secondly, clinical processes can improve when working on a trial; and thirdly, research capacity is increased. We held a meeting to present and discuss the results of two large multicentre randomized controlled trials delivered through the U.K. Dermatology Clinical Trials Network. Investigators gave reflections on how the trials had changed their clinical practice. The STOP GAP trial showed that prednisolone and ciclosporin are equally effective as first-line systemic treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum. The final decision of which treatment to use should be based on the different adverse event profiles of the two drugs in relation to comorbidities, along with age, disease severity and patient preference. The BLISTER trial showed that starting people with pemphigoid on doxycycline produces acceptable short-term effectiveness and a superior safety profile to oral corticosteroids. Recruiting to these trials has led to the development of new specialist clinics with improved documentation. It has increased the profile of participating departments and embedded research in the department's activities. Helping to design and run these trials has also allowed trial staff to develop new skills in research design, which has been beneficial for career development. These and other benefits of recruiting to the trials are summarized here. We hope that these reflections will inspire wider involvement in clinical research.
Patients with Silver-Russell-Syndrome from Birth to Adulthood: Diagnosis, Development and Medical Care.
2017-11-01

Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare congenital disorder, characterized by a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms, which vary significantly between affected individuals. The understanding of the genetic basis of the phenotype has advanced greatly during the past decades. Together with the typical clinical picture intrauterine growth retardation and severe short stature are the key features. Failure to thrive in conjunction with frequent feeding problems in infancy and early childhood are a major challenge for the parents. In parallel to the genetic research, medical care of these children improved dramatically, and this article describes the most important issues. Treatment of short stature with rhGH as part of the approved SGA indication is able to improve growth and final height in these children. This article reviews some of the major aspects related to some of these issues.
Phosphorus Release from Mineral Soil by Acid Hydrolysis: Method Development, Kinetics, and Plant Community Composition Effects
2017-11-01

Core Ideas A modified pH stat approach captures P release kinetics in soil relevant for plant nutrition. The fast‐reacting P pool comprises P from charged surfaces and easily soluble Ca‐phosphates. The slow‐reacting P pool is a mixture of Ca‐phosphates and P released by dissolution of pedogenic oxides. Legumes increase the exploitation of more stable P pools. The release kinetics of phosphate (inorganic P [P i ]) at constant proton pressure in a pH stat experiment may be used as a proxy for P mobilization by rhizosphere acidification. pH stat experiments are challenging for calcareous soils because of the strong carbonate buffering. Our objectives were (i) to modify an existing pH stat method for calcareous soils and (ii) to determine plant species richness, plant functional group richness, and identity effects on pool sizes and rate constants (i.e., the fast‐ and slow‐reacting Pools A and B, respectively, and the associated release constants k a and k b ). The study was conducted in “The Jena Experiment” comprising grassland mixtures with different functional group composition and species richness. In 27 samples with inorganic C concentrations &lt;10 g kg –1 , a constant pH value of 3 after 2 h was reached by removing all released cations with ion‐exchange membranes until all carbonates were destroyed. Thereafter, P release kinetics followed a biphasic course: the fast‐reacting Pool A contained 86% of the bioavailable P i extractable with NaHCO 3 plus NaOH. The slow‐reacting P pool additionally comprised P from dissolution of pedogenic oxides and more stable Ca‐phosphates containing 17 to 40% of HCl‐extractable P i . Legumes decreased both pools (Pool A: 40.61 ± 3.83 with legumes vs. 65.24 ± 5.88 mg kg –1 P i without legumes; Pool B: 36.88 ± 1.89 vs. 48.85 ± 1.81 mg kg –1 P i ) because of their increased P demand and associated ability to access hardly available P fractions. In conclusion, pH stat experiments are suitable for studying P dynamics in soil and reveal an aboveground plant composition feedback on soil P dynamics.
Factors influencing the virological testing of cornea donors
2017-11-01

To assess the influence of donor, environment, and logistical factors on the results of virological testing of blood samples from cornea donors.Data from 670 consecutive cornea donors were analyzed retrospectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influence of different factors on the results of virological testing of blood samples from cornea donors.The mean annual rate of donors with serology-reactive or not evaluable result was 14.8% (99 of 670) (range 11.9%-16.9%). The cause of donor death by cancer increased the risk of serology-reactive or not evaluable result (P = .0300). Prolonged time between death and post mortem blood removal was associated with a higher rate of serology-reactive or not evaluable result (P < .0001). Mean monthly temperature including warmer months, differentiating between septic and aseptic donors, sex, and donor age had no significant impact on the results of virological testing of blood samples from cornea donors.The cause of donor death by cancer and a prolonged time between death and post mortem blood removal seem to be mainly responsible for serology-reactive or not evaluable result of blood samples from cornea donors. The percentage of discarded corneas caused by serology-reactive or not evaluable result may be reduced by shortening the period of time between death and post mortem blood removal.
ACTR-05. THE RANDOMIZED PHASE II ARTE TRIAL: BEVACIZUMAB PLUS HYPOFRACTIONATED RADIOTHERAPY VERSUS RADIOTHERAPY ALONE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA
2017-11-01

The addition of bevacizumab to temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy (TMZ/RT→TMZ) prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), but not overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma in two double-blind phase III trials. Elderly and frail patients are underrepresented in most clinical trials, but early reports of bevacizumab in glioblastoma suggested preferential benefit in this population. ARTE was a 2:1 randomized, multi-center, open-label trial of hypofractionated RT (40 Gy in 15 fractions) in combination with bevacizumab (10 mg/kg x 14 days) (arm A, N=50) versus RT alone (arm B, N=25) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma aged &gt;65 years. The primary endpoint was median OS. Quality of life (QoL) was monitored by the EORTC QLQ-C30/BN20 modules. Response was assessed by RANO criteria. Exploratory studies included 18F-fluoro-ethyltyrosine positron emission tomography (FET-PET, N=34), as well as whole methylome (N=57) and nanostring gene expression (N=54) analyses. Median PFS was longer in arm A versus arm B (7.6 vs. 4.8 months, p=0.003), but OS was similar (12.1 vs 12.2 months, p=0.8). Clinical deterioration was delayed and more patients came off steroids in arm A versus arm B. Longer PFS in arm A versus arm B was confined to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) I methylation subtype and to the proneural gene expression subtype, but was not observed for patients with RTK II, classical or mesenchymal subtype glioblastoma. Applying a Cox model to OS that controlled for established prognostic factors, we detected an association with age and KPS. Exploration of imaging predictors of OS in this model identified the presence of non-enhancing tumor detected by FET-PET (HR 0.31, p=0.02) as an important prognostic factor. Efficacy outcomes and exploratory analyses of ARTE do not support the notion that bevacizumab generally prolongs survival in elderly glioblastoma patients. However, novel molecular and imaging biomarkers may identify patients with preferential benefit from bevacizumab.
ACTR-74. A PHASE IB/II, OPEN-LABEL, MULTICENTER STUDY OF CAPMATINIB (INC280) ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH BUPARLISIB (BKM120) IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA
2017-11-01

BACKGROUND: c-MET and PI3K pathways are dysregulated in GBM and can drive cancer growth in pre-clinical models. INC280 is a small molecule inhibitor of c-MET; BKM120 is a pan-class I PI3K inhibitor. A phase Ib/II study was designed to evaluate INC280+BKM120 in patients with recurrent GBM (NCT01870726). METHODS: Key objectives were to estimate the MTD/RP2D of INC280+BKM120 and to characterize safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and anti-tumor activity of INC280+BKM120 and INC280 alone. Key eligibility criteria were: age ≥ 18 years; ECOG PS ≤ 2, and recurrent GBM (RANO criteria) following ≤ 2 prior systemic therapies, including VEGF inhibitors. For inclusion in phase Ib, mutation/homozygous deletion of PTEN, a suppressor of PI3K signals, was required (irrespective of c-MET status). For phase II with INC280 alone, c-MET amplification (GCN > 5) was required. Blood and tumor specimens were collected for PK and molecular analyses. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were enrolled in six phase Ib dose cohorts of INC280+BKM120. DLTs were nausea, personality change, and elevated transaminases. MTD was identified at INC280 300 mg BID + BKM120 80 mg QD. RP2D was not declared due to: poor tolerability; a drug-drug interaction resulting in low BKM120 exposure; and no strong evidence of activity. The INC280+BKM120 phase II arm was not opened. In the INC280 monotherapy arm, 10 patients (median age 48 years; 70% women, 90% Caucasian) were enrolled. The most common INC280-related AEs (all grades) were nausea and fatigue. Three patients had stable disease as best response (RANO). Molecular analyses are ongoing. CONCLUSIONS: The MTD of INC280 300 mg BID + BKM120 80 mg QD was identified, with both doses below the single agent RP2Ds. Limited efficacy was observed with the combination in PTEN altered GBM. INC280 alone was well-tolerated but displayed no clear evidence of anti-tumor activity in heavily pre-treated GBM with c-MET alteration.
ABC effect and resonance d*(2380)
2017-11-01

A new state in the two-baryon system with mass 2380 MeV and width 80 MeV has been detected in the experiments at the Juelich Cooler Synchrotron (COSY). The new particle denoted now d*(2380) has quantum numbers I(J p ) = 0(3+). The total cross sections for the d and 4He fusion reactions show similar to each other resonance-like energy dependence. The resonance-like structure is sensed in the double-pionic fusion channels and polarized np scattering.
Chronology of Megalithic Funerary Practices in Southeastern Iberia: The Necropolis of Panoria (Granada, Spain)
2017-11-02

Abstract An excavation carried out at the megalithic necropolis of Panoria in 2015 offered an excellent opportunity for dating a widespread variety of polygonal, rectangular, and trapezoidal-shaped tombs with short passages for which, surprisingly, there were previously no known radiocarbon ( 14 C) measurements available. Based on the anthropological remains, a series of 19 14 C dates was obtained and modeled in a Bayesian statistical framework. The results stress a long period of use that began in the Late Neolithic (3525–3195 cal BC), reaching the most intensive ritual activity during the Copper Age and ending in the Early Bronze Age (2125–1980 cal BC). Throughout this period, tombs were built at different times and used at different temporal scales and intensities, ranging from a few decades to centuries.
Grounded cognition: Comparing Language × Space interactions in first language and second language
2017-11-02

ABSTRACT The experiential traces account claims that language comprehension in one's first language (L1) is based on the reactivation of experiential traces that stem from experiencing the corresponding objects, states, or events. However, it remains unclear to what extent this is transferable to second language (L2) comprehension. In the present study, we compared German L1 speakers with German L2 speakers whose L1 uses similar or different spatial terms as German. In an adaptation of the Stroop paradigm, participants were instructed to respond to the font color of German spatial prepositions (e.g., auf “on,” über “above,” and unter “under/below”) by either an upward or a downward hand movement, resulting in compatible or incompatible responses. We found significant compatibility effects for all speakers, but also clear differences between speakers of different L1s. The results thereby support the assumption that experiential traces built during L1 usage play an important role in L2 processing.
Effect monitoring in dual-task performance.
2017-11-02

Actions aim to produce effects in the environment. To accomplish this properly, we not only have to recruit the appropriate motor patterns, but also we must be able to monitor whether an intended effect has ultimately been realized. Here, we investigated the impact of such effect monitoring on performance in multitasking situations: Multitasking basically means to produce and monitor multiple actions and effects in fast succession. We show that effect monitoring cannot run in parallel, without causing processing decrements, with a second task. Also, monitoring of effects that are spatially incompatible to a response seems to take longer than the monitoring of spatially compatible action effects (Experiments 1 through 4). We further argue that effect monitoring is essential toward learning of response-effect associations, as it captures not only anticipated action effects, but also unpredictable occurrences in the environment (Experiments 5a and 5b). (PsycINFO Database Record
Cyclic Cystine-Bridged Peptides from the Marine Sponge Clathria basilana Induce Apoptosis in Tumor Cells and Depolarize the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane
2017-11-02

Investigation of the sponge Clathria basilana collected in Indonesia afforded five new peptides, including microcionamides C (1) and D (2), gombamides B (4), C (5), and D (6), and an unusual amide, (E)-2-amino-3-methyl-N-styrylbutanamide (7), along with 11 known compounds, among them microcionamide A (3). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of the constituent amino acid residues in 1-7 were determined by Marfey's analysis. Microcionamides A, C, and D (1-3) showed in vitro cytotoxicity against lymphoma (Ramos) and leukemia cell lines (HL-60, Nomo-1, Jurkat J16), as well as against a human ovarian carcinoma cell line (A2780) with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.45 to 28 μM. Mechanistic studies showed that compounds 1-3 rapidly induce apoptotic cell death in Jurkat J16 and Ramos cells and that 1 and 2 potently block autophagy upon starvation conditions, thereby impairing pro-survival signaling of cancer cells. In addition, microcionamides C and A (1 and 3) inhibited bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium with minimal inhibitory concentrations between 6.2 and 12 μM. Mechanistic studies indicate dissipation of the bacterial membrane potential.
Hindwings of insects as concept generator for hingeless foldable shading systems
2017-11-02

Hingeless shading systems inspired by nature are increasingly the focus of architectural research. In contrast to traditional systems, these compliant mechanisms can reduce the amount of maintenance-intensive parts and can easily be adapted to irregular, doubly curved, facade geometries. Previous mechanisms rely merely on the reversible material deformation of composite structures with almost homogeneous material properties. This leads to large actuation forces and an inherent conflict between the requirements of movement and the capacity to carry external loads. To enhance the performance of such systems, current research is directed at natural mechanisms with concentrated compliance and distinct hinge zones with high load-bearing capacity. Here, we provide insights into our biological findings and the development of a deployable structure inspired by the Flexagon model of hindwings of insects in general and the hierarchical structure of the wing cuticle of the shield bug (Graphosoma lineatum). By using technical fibre-reinforced plastics in combination with an elastomer foil, natural principles have been partially transferred into a multi-layered structure with locally adapted stiffness. Initial small prototypes have been produced in a vacuum-assisted hot press and sustain this functionality. Initial theoretical studies on test surfaces outline the advantages of these bio-inspired structures as deployable external shading systems for doubly curved facades.