julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
The ParaHox gene Cdx4 induces acute erythroid leukemia in mice
2019-11-26

Key Points CDX4 induces AEL in mice and suppresses expression of genes associated with erythroid differentiation. Mutations detectable in the Cdx4-induced AEL model occur in genes reported mutated in patients with AEL.
Heat-Shock Protein 27 (HSPB1) Is Upregulated and Phosphorylated in Human Platelets during ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
2019-11-27

Heat-shock proteins are a family of proteins which are upregulated in response to stress stimuli including inflammation, oxidative stress, or ischemia. Protective functions of heat-shock proteins have been studied in vascular disease models, and malfunction of heat-shock proteins is associated with vascular disease development. Heat-shock proteins however have not been investigated in human platelets during acute myocardial infarction ex vivo. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting, we observed that heat-shock protein 27 (HSPB1) levels and phosphorylation are significantly increased in platelets of twelve patients with myocardial infarction compared to patients with nonischemic chest pain (6.4 ± 1.0-fold versus 1.0 ± 0.9-fold and 5.9 ± 1.8-fold versus 1.0 ± 0.8-fold; p &lt; 0.05). HSP27 (HSPB1) showed a distinct and characteristic intracellular translocation from the cytoskeletal fraction into the membrane fraction of platelets during acute myocardial infarction that did not occur in the control group. In this study, we could demonstrate for the first time that HSP27 (HSPB1) is upregulated and phosphorylated in human platelets during myocardial infarction on a cellular level ex vivo with a characteristic intracellular translocation pattern. This HSP27 (HSPB1) phenotype in platelets could thus represent a measurable stress response in myocardial infarction and potentially other acute ischemic events.
Ultrahigh Frequency and Anti-Interference Optical-Mode Resonance with Biquadratic Coupled FeCoB/Ru/FeCoB Trilayers
2019-11-27

Microwave soft magnetic films (SMFs) are the key materials to effectively miniaturize and multifunctionalize the microwave electromagnetic components and devices. However, currently, single-layer SMFs encounter a frequency bottleneck at around 10 GHz. The ferromagnet/nonmagnetic spacer/ferromagnet sandwiched films with strong interlayer exchange coupling are possible solutions to break through that frequency limitation because they exhibit ultrahigh optical-mode (OM) resonance frequency <i>f</i><sub>r</sub><sup>O</sup> up to 50 GHz, while the tiny permeability and the limited thickness are their own obstacles to overcome. In this study, biquadratic coupled FeCoB<sub>25nm</sub>/Ru<sub>0.25nm</sub>/FeCoB<sub>25nm</sub> sandwiched films with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy were deposited by a composition gradient sputtering method. Pure OM resonance with self-bias <i>f</i><sub>r</sub><sup>O</sup> up to 18.21 GHz and a relative permeability μ<sub>r</sub><sup>O</sup> as high as 169 at the cut-off frequency was achieved. Moreover, both the <i>f</i><sub>r</sub><sup>O</sup> and μ<sub>r</sub><sup>O</sup> remain unchanged in the magnetic field range of 0-80 Oe, indicating a strong anti-interference capability to small interference field. These results demonstrate that the biquadratic coupled OM resonance can solve the current frequency bottleneck of microwave SMFs by providing ultrahigh resonance frequency while maintaining considerable permeability, thus leading to potential applications of OM resonance in Ku-band microwave magnetic components.
Are We Missing out on Half of All Heat-treated Pieces in the Solutrean?
2019-11-27

The European Solutrean has yielded one of the oldest chert assemblages documenting intentional heat treatment. Many questions about social and economic factors arise in this context. For example, did Solutrean knappers heat-treat only specific types of chert? Were specific heating techniques adapted to specific types of chert? We investigate these questions by analyzing 43 chert artifacts from Laugerie-Haute. We use near-infrared spectroscopy to identify heat-treated artifacts made from four different types of chart, and to estimate their heating temperatures. We identify 13/37 test pieces as heat-treated. Only 5 of these 13 pieces (38%) would have been identified as such macroscopically (based on gloss contrast). The overall magnitude of gloss, cannot be used to identify heat-treated chert artifacts. These findings have implications for future studies of the prevalence of heat-treated artifacts in Solutrean assemblages. Visual identification based on surface gloss is likely to only recognize the smaller part of heat-treated artifacts.
Neurofilaments as blood biomarkers at the preataxic and ataxic stage of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: a cross-species analysis in humans and mice
2019-11-27

Abstract Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a devastating multisystemic neurodegenerative disease for which targeted molecular therapies are coming into reach (e.g. antisense oligonucleotides). To pave the way for upcoming translational trials, easily accessible biomarkers in SCA3 are needed, particularly for subjects at the preataxic stage and cross-validated also in animal models. We hypothesised that serum neurofilaments might serve as blood biomarkers of disease progression in both human SCA3 and mouse models, expecting increased concentrations already at the preataxic stage. Serum neurofilament light (NfL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy (pNfH) levels were determined by ultra-sensitive single molecule array (Simoa) in cross-sectional samples of ataxic and preataxic SCA3 subjects and controls in two independent cohorts (ESMI cohort = cohort #1: n=160, EuroSCA/RiSCA cohort = cohort #2: n=89). Serum NfL and pNfH were also assessed in a 304Q SCA3 knock-in mouse model across presymptomatic and symptomatic disease stages (n=147). Ataxic SCA3 subjects showed increased serum NfL (p&lt;0.001) and pNfH (p&lt;0.001) levels in cohort #1, with NfL levels already increased in preataxic subjects (p&lt;0.001). All these results were replicated in cohort #2 (all p&lt;0.001). Cross-sectional NfL levels correlated with clinical disease severity (Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia [SARA]; r=0.43, p&lt;0.001) and with longitudinal disease progression (annual SARA score change, ρ=0.42, p=0.012). CAG count and age were significant predictors of individual NfL concentrations (each p&lt;0.001). NfL levels in preataxic subjects increased with proximity to individual expected onset of ataxia (p&lt;0.001), with significant elevations already 7.5 years before onset. Serum NfL and pNfH increases in SCA3 subjects were paralleled by similar changes in SCA3 knock-in mice, here also already starting at the presymptomatic stage and close to the onset of ataxin-3 protein increase. Serum concentrations of neurofilaments, particularly NfL, might provide easily accessible biomarkers of disease severity in both ataxic and preataxic SCA3 subjects and mice prior to conversion. Neurofilaments thus entail potential applications as progression, onset/proximity and treatment-response markers in both human and murine SCA3 trials.
Women’s Property Rights in Egypt and the Law of Levirate Marriage in the LXX
2019-11-27

Abstract If, as theorists of reception studies have argued, readers respond to the meanings that a text has accumulated in the past, this begs the question what the translators of the »first« translation of the Torah, the LXX, responded to. This paper presents a case study of the LXX of Deuteronomy 25:5–6, and argues that the translation is best understood if we assume that the translators were not just transferring a text form one language into another, but were also interacting with a tradition of interpretation and the extensive inheritance rights of women in Egypt.
Brain oscillatory activity as a biomarker of motor recovery in chronic stroke
2019-11-28

Abstract In the present work, we investigated the relationship of oscillatory sensorimotor brain activity to motor recovery. The neurophysiological data of 30 chronic stroke patients with severe upper‐limb paralysis are the basis of the observational study presented here. These patients underwent an intervention including movement training based on combined brain–machine interfaces and physiotherapy of several weeks recorded in a double‐blinded randomized clinical trial. We analyzed the alpha oscillations over the motor cortex of 22 of these patients employing multilevel linear predictive modeling. We identified a significant correlation between the evolution of the alpha desynchronization during rehabilitative intervention and clinical improvement. Moreover, we observed that the initial alpha desynchronization conditions its modulation during intervention: Patients showing a strong alpha desynchronization at the beginning of the training improved if they increased their alpha desynchronization. Patients showing a small alpha desynchronization at initial training stages improved if they decreased it further on both hemispheres. In all patients, a progressive shift of desynchronization toward the ipsilesional hemisphere correlates significantly with clinical improvement regardless of lesion location. The results indicate that initial alpha desynchronization might be key for stratification of patients undergoing BMI interventions and that its interhemispheric balance plays an important role in motor recovery.
Introduction: Characters across media
2019-11-28

Contemporary media culture is fundamentally shaped by a technological and cultural media convergence that has also led to the continued rise of transmedia franchises such as The lord of the rings or Harry Potter, Star wars or A song of ice and fire/Game of thrones, The walking dead or Doctor who, the DC or Marvel universes, Warcraft or Tomb raider.During the past decade, literary, media, and cultural studies have increasingly become aware of the socio-cultural significance of these franchises as well as of the considerable theoretical and methodological challenges their study presents.A range of book-length studies by scholars such as Henry Jenkins (2006), Kristin Thompson (2007), Robert A. Brookey (2010), Elizabeth Evans (2011), Mark J. P. Wolf (2012), Derek Johnson (2013), Colin B. Harvey (2015), Matthew Freeman (2016), or Dan Hassler-Forest ( 2016) examine important aspects of the production, aesthetics, and reception of transmedia franchises in convergent media culture.Yet, while virtually all of these studies mention characters at some point and there is a solid consensus that characters fulfil key integrating functions for many transmedia franchises, their reception, and the continued engagement of their fans within networks of collaborative creation, there is as of yet comparatively little research that focuses specifically on the forms and functions of characters across media (see, however, the discussion of "intertextual characters" in Margolin 1996; of "transtextual characters" in Richardson 2010; or of "transmedia characters" in Bertetti 2014; as well as various in-depth studies of "character-focused" franchises such as Brooker 2012Brooker , 2013;;Condry 2009;Denson 2014;Hills 2010Hills , 2015;;Pearson 2015;Steinberg 2012).This is of course not to say that there are no attempts aimed toward a better understanding of the forms and functions of characters in different media.While it may still be true "that many have written only a little and only a few have written much on characters" (Eder 2008 a: 40; "dass viele nur wenig und nur wenige viel zum Bereich der Figur
Dual-AAV delivery of large gene sequences to the inner ear
2019-11-28

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are preferred vectors for gene replacement therapy, as they are non-pathogenic, non-inflammatory, induce stable transgene expression in terminally differentiated cells, and a series of natural and engineered capsid proteins can be employed to target the vectors to specific cells. Only one feature of AAVs is limiting: the low cargo capacity for foreign DNA, restricting their application to coding sequences of <4 kb. In the last decade, splitting larger cDNAs into two AAVs and co-transducing tissue with such dual-AAV vectors has shown to result in the expression of the full-length protein in different tissues like retina, muscle and liver. This is due to the intrinsic capability of the AAV genomes to undergo homologous recombination and/or head-to-tail multimerization in nuclei of target cells. Recently, two groups independently found that a dual-AAV approach successfully delivered the 6 kb full-length otoferlin cDNA into inner hair cells of otoferlin knock-out mice and restored hearing. These pioneering studies pave the way for gene therapeutics that use dual-AAV vectors to restore hearing in forms of deafness caused by mutations in large genes.
Constant-roll k-inflation dynamics
2019-11-28

In this work we shall investigate the phenomenological implications of the\\nconstant-roll condition on a -Inflation theory of gravity. The latter\\ntheories are particularly promising, since these remained robust to the results\\nof GW170817, since these have a gravitational wave speed in natural\\nunits. We shall mainly focus on the phenomenology of the -Inflation models,\\nwith the only assumption being the slow-roll condition imposed on the first and\\nfourth slow-roll parameters, and the constant-roll condition for the evolution\\nof the scalar field. We present in detail the final form of the gravitational\\nequations of motion that control the dynamics of the cosmological system, with\\nthe constant-roll condition imposed, and by using a conveniently, from the\\nperspective of analytical manipulations, chosen potential, we express the\\nslow-roll indices and the resulting observational indices of the theory as\\nfunctions of the -foldings number. The results of our analysis indicate that\\nthe constant-roll -Inflation theory can be compatible with the Planck 2018\\ndata, for a wide range of the free parameters. Also we examine in a\\nquantitative way the effects of the constant-roll condition on the parameter\\n on which the bispectrum is proportional, in the equilateral\\nmomentum approximation, and we demonstrate that the effect of the constant-roll\\ncondition is non-trivial. In effect, non-Gaussianities in the theory may be\\nenhanced, a phenomenon which is known to be produced by constant-roll scalar\\ntheories of gravity in general.\\n
Does gender matter for the use of learning opportunities? Potential explanation for the gender gap in financial literacy
2019-11-28

Financial literacy is becoming increasingly important, in particular for adolescents since they are exposed to financial services earlier and earlier. At the same time, empirical studies indicate that male learners show higher financial literacy than women; however, other studies find significant or contrary differences between male and female learners. These partially contradictory results make it necessary to investigate such gender-specific effects in more detail. This article addresses two questions to contribute to the literature on financial literacy: first, in which financial content areas are there significant performance differences between female and male adolescents? Secondly, does the relationship between learning opportunities and financial education differ among pupils? The analyses are based on a sample of 530 secondary students from Germany. The results indicate that female students show higher test results for the financial literacy dimensions money and payments, and insurance, male students perform better regarding the dimensions savings and monetary policy. Furthermore, learning opportunities may contribute differently to the gender gaps. We contribute to the literature by investigating the important question of gender gap for five different dimensions of financial literacy and by showing that different learning opportunities play a role in the development of students’ financial literacy.
Fast, Infrared-Active Optical Transistors Based on Dye-Sensitized CdSe Nanocrystals
2019-11-28

We report an optically gated transistor composed of CdSe nanocrystals (NCs), sensitized with the dye zinc β-tetraaminophthalocyanine for operation in the first telecom window. This device shows a high ON/OFF ratio of 6 orders of magnitude in the red spectral region and an unprecedented 4.5 orders of magnitude at 847 nm. By transient absorption spectroscopy, we reveal that this unexpected infrared sensitivity is due to electron transfer from the dye to the CdSe NCs within 5 ps. We show by time-resolved photocurrent measurements that this enables fast rise times during near-infrared optical gating of 47 ± 11 ns. Electronic coupling and accelerated nonradiative recombination of charge carriers at the interface between the dye and the CdSe NCs are further corroborated by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. Field-effect transistor measurements indicate that the increase in photocurrent upon laser illumination is mainly due to the increase in the carrier concentration while the mobility remains unchanged. Our results illustrate that organic dyes as ligands for NCs invoke new optoelectronic functionalities, such as fast optical gating at sub-bandgap optical excitation energies.
Kyara revisited: The pre-narrative character-state of Japanese character theory
2019-11-28

Abstract This article proposes to take a closer look at a variety of contemporary Japanese “character” franchises which cannot be accounted for if the entities in question are primarily understood with reference to diegetic worlds or stories. Rather, virtual idols like Hatsune Miku, fictional mascots like Kumamon, or notorious product placement figures such as Hello Kitty all seem to circulate mostly on non-narrative artifacts such as clothes, office supplies, or decontextualized artworks, and within mediated performances such as stage musicals, cosplay, or public appearances in full-body suits. They are nevertheless quite typical for the Japanese “media mix” franchising model, designed to allow for user-level reshuffling and reenactment. Such “characters without stories,” or kyara, are thus best understood as “mediated performers,” as fictional actors that can take on any fictional role attributed to them within the participatory cultures and collective creations of fan manga ( dōjinshi ), fan artworks, or even cosplay. Theorists such as Itō (2005) or Azuma (2009) therefore differentiate sharply between kyarakutā und kyara, the latter being a pre- or meta-narrative “nodal point” for diverging games of make-believe. Kyara can just as easily be enacted and performed as they can be brought back into narrative ( kyarakutā ) contexts. The following article relates and contrast these notions to international (“Western”) character theories and argues for their relevance beyond “exotic” Japanese contexts.
Hydroxytyrosol Decreases Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Inhibits Suicidal Death Induced by Lysophosphatidic Acid in Human Erythrocytes
2019-11-28

Taken together, the findings reported in this paper point to a novel biological effect for HT in preventing programmed suicidal death in anucleated cells and indicate that prevention from LPA toxic effects may represent an additional mechanism responsible for the health-promoting effect of this dietary phenol which has been claimed, particularly related to cardiovascular diseases.
Return to sport: First data from the Nationwide German Myocarditis Registry for athletes
2019-11-28

There is currently no evidence how to treat athletes with suspected or proven myocarditis in the context of “return to sport” (RTS). Addressing this issue, a multi-centre, web-based online registry was initiated in 2011 to record athletes presenting with suspected or proven myocarditis. Our nationwide registry is the first successfully implemented database of competitive athletes with suspected or proven myocarditis. Besides baseline data, available clinical data and the physician`s recommendation in terms of sport participation were recorded. A telephone interview for clinical follow-up was performed one year (1FU) after the initial presentation. 98 athletes (77 males, mean age 30.9 years) were analysed. Data from 1FU were available for 74 athletes. At baseline, 72% of the athletes reported infection-associated symptoms prior to the first medical contact. A high percentage of athletes present abnormal clinical or technical cardiac findings. Abnormal rest-ECG was seen in 41/74 athletes, abnormal echo in 37/74, abnormal MRI in 32/74. During the period prior to 1FU, there were no incidences of sudden death or cardiac arrest. Most athletes return to sport within one year, however duration and intensity of training were still reduced in one third of the athletes. A total of 58/74 were fully reintegrated in sport, 10/74 partially, and 5/74 were not able to participate in sport. Greater age was delineated as the only significant predictor for incomplete reintegration after one year. Consequently, even if there is missing evidence regarding how to treat athletes with suspected myocarditis in context of RTS, the chosen approach in terms of diagnostic work-up and decision regarding RTS seems to be safe. In summary, treating athletes with suspected or proven myocarditis continues to be challenging but register data will help to get a more precise idea how to treat athletes with myocarditis.
Ut fidem dictis adhibeant
2019-11-28

Abstract Sulpicius Severus’ account of St Martin sharing his cloak with the beggar at the gate of Amiens is still one of the most prominent and best-known episodes of late antique Christian hagiography. This deed is considered above all as the epitome of Martin’s charity and will to follow Christ. Furthermore, this episode also serves to apologize Martin’s military service in the Roman army. The latter was a heavy burden for Sulpicius’ saint, which the author of his Vita had to get rid of in the most credible way possible. Sulpicius asserts that Martin’s compulsory military service was dominated by Christian virtues. A narratological close reading focusing on the categories of ‘distance’ and ‘focalization’ and applying linguistic analysis tools as well shows that eventually it is the narrative disposition of the ‘Amiens episode’ that makes the narrator’s earlier apologetic authorial statements credible.
Molecular surveillance of the Pfmdr1 N86Y allele in P. falciparum isolates from Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
2019-11-28

Abstract Background: Regular surveillance of artemisinin−based combination therapy tolerance or resistance molecular makers is vital for effective malaria treatment, control and eradication programmes. P. falciparum multiple drug resistance-1 gene (Pfmdr1) N86Y mutation is associated with reduced susceptibility to lumefantrine. This study assessed the prevalence of Pfmdr1 N86Y in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. Methods: A total 1001 of P. falciparum−infected blood samples obtained from asymptomatic malaria pregnant women having a normal child delivery at the Madibou Integrated Health Center were analysed.Pfmdr1 N86Y genotyping was conducted using PCR-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results: The wild type Pfmdr1 N86 allele was predominant (&gt;68 %) in this study whereas a few isolates carrying the either the mutant allele (Pfmdr1 86Y) alone or both alleles (mixed genotype). The dominance of the wildtype allele (pfmdr1 N86) indicates the plausible decline P. falciparum susceptibility to lumefantrine. Conclusion: This study gives an update on the prevalence of Pfmdr1 N86Y alleles in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. It also raises concern on the imminent emergence of resistance against artemether−lumefantrine in this setting. Our study underscores the importance to regular artemether−lumefantrine efficacy monitoring to inform malaria control programme of the Republic of Congo.