julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Carboxyethylsilanetriol-Functionalized Al-MIL-53-Supported Palladium Catalyst for Enhancing Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction
2025-02-01

The application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has attracted increasing attention in organic synthesis. The modification of MOFs can efficiently tailor the structure and improve the property for meeting ongoing demand in various applications, such as the alteration of gas adsorption and separation, catalytic activity, stability, and sustainability or reusability. In this study, carboxyethylsilanetriol (CEST) disodium salt was used as a dual-functional ligand for modified Al-MIL-53 to fabricate CEST-functionalized Al-MIL-53 samples through a hydrothermal reaction of aluminum nitrate, terephthalic acid, and CEST disodium salt by varying the molar ratio of CEST to terephthalic acid and keeping a constant molar ratio of Al3+/-COOH of 1:1. The structure, composition, morphology, pore feature, and stability were characterized by XRD, different spectroscopies, electron microscopy, N2 physisorption, and thermogravimetric analysis. With increasing CEST content, CEST-Al-MIL-53 still preserves an Al-MIL-53-like structure, but the microstructure changed compared with pure Al-MIL-53 due to the integration of CEST. Such a CEST-Al-MIL-53 was used as the support to load Pd particles and afford a catalyst Pd/CEST-Al-MIL-53 for Suzuki–Miyaura C-C cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenylboronic acid under basic conditions. The resulting Pd/CEST-Al-MIL-53 showed a high catalytic activity compared with Pd/Al-MIL-53, due to the nanofibrous structure of silicon species-integrated CEST-Al-MIL-53. The nanofiber microstructure undergoes a remarkable transformation into intricate 3D cross-networks during catalytic reaction, which enables the leachable Pd particles to orientally redeposit and inlay into these networks as the monodisperse spheres and thereby effectively preventing Pd particles from aggregation and leaching, therefore demonstrating a high catalytic performance, long-term stability, and enhanced reusability. Obviously, the integration of CEST into MOFs can effectively prevent the leaching of active Pd species and ensure the re-deposition during catalysis. Moreover, catalytic performance strongly depended on catalyst dosage, temperature, time, solvent, and the type of the substituted group on benzene ring. This work further extends the catalytic application of hybrid metal–organic frameworks.
Reviewing evidence for the perception–action model from Garner interference.
2025-02-01

It is a widely accepted notion that visual information in the brain is processed via two parallel but separate cortical pathways, the ventral stream for visual perception and the dorsal stream for visuomotor actions. Perception-action dissociations from behavioral experiments are often cited as supportive evidence and one such example is Garner interference: It is assumed that perceptual/ventrally processed tasks suffer Garner interference, while visuomotor/dorsally processed tasks are immune to it (Ganel & Goodale, 2003). Ideally, this dissociation is demonstrated by comparing manual size estimation (assumed ventrally processed) with grasping (assumed dorsally processed). However, few studies actually made this comparison. We addressed this empirical shortage with two improved replications, yielding smaller effects of Garner interference in manual estimation than previous studies reported. In two subsequent experiments, we attempted to modulate Garner interference by manipulating the temporal profile of participants' responses, building on previous work (Hesse & Schenk, 2013) and extending it to manual estimation. We conclude with a literature review covering all relevant studies on Garner interference. Contrary to previous claims, the currently available evidence for a perception-action dissociation from Garner interference is insufficient to support a ventral-dorsal dissociation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
Doubt and Transformation in Education
2025-02-01

Abstract Fostering transformative experiences is a central goal of education. In this article, Marieke Schaper examines the relationship between doubt and transformation in education, specifically problematizing the idea that doubt can serve as a catalyst for transformative experiences in the classroom. Schaper's thesis is that doubt is not valuable by itself; it must encompass certain characteristics if it is to support meaningful transformation while avoiding the risks of transformative education. In making this argument, Schaper proposes the concept of aspirational doubt as an educationally valuable subcategory of doubt. She begins by engaging with the vast philosophical and psychological literature on doubt and, based on this analysis, identifies five main conceptions of doubt that wield influence. Next, she points to the ethical risks of using doubt as an educational catalyst, particularly for transformative purposes, but instead of rejecting the role of doubt in transformative education, she explores the potential of aspirational doubt to circumvent these risks. She concludes with a discussion of the practical implications for fostering aspirational doubt in the classroom.
Hepatitis C Virus Saint Petersburg Variant Detection With Machine Learning Methods
2025-02-01

ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus infection is a significant global health concern, affecting millions worldwide. Although direct‐acting antivirals achieve over 90% success rate, treatment failures still occur, particularly when pan‐genotypic DAAs are unavailable, and drugs need to be chosen based on the present HCV genotype. Genotyping tests can be misleading, especially in cases involving the 2k/1b recombinant variant. The 2k/1b variant was first discovered in Saint Petersburg in 2002 and is most commonly observed in Eastern European countries, including Russia, Georgia, and Ukraine. Due to migration, the 2k/1b variant has spread to Western Europe and other regions, potentially increasing HCV transmission and changing the virus's epidemiological landscape. The situation highlights the importance of molecular epidemiology in monitoring the spread of the 2k/1b variant. Accurate detection and characterization of the 2k/1b variant are crucial for an effective treatment if no pan‐genotypic DAAs are available. To address this need, machine learning models were developed to predict the 2k/1b variant based on 1b and 2k/1b sequence data from nonstructural proteins. They were integrated into the geno2pheno [HCV] tool, providing physicians and researchers with an open‐access resource for determining HCV genotypes, including the 2k/1b variant.
Dentition of the Mugharet El'Aliya Fossil Human Maxilla, Morocco
2025-02-01

ABSTRACT Objective This study follows up on our recent morphological analysis of the juvenile maxilla from Mugharet el'Aliya, Morocco. Although this specimen shows a reportedly archaic morphology, likely due to its large size, 3D shape analyses indicated affinities with early Homo sapiens . Here, we conducted an in‐depth comparative investigation of the associated dentition to further clarify this individual's phylogenetic and taxonomic affinities. Materials and Methods Our analyses were based on three kinds of data: (a) external crown dimensions and non‐metric features, analyzed via summary statistics; (b) CT scan data enabling the study of internal structures (enamel‐dentine junction) via geometric morphometrics; and (c) high‐resolution replicas of the external surface of the upper canine enabling the study of perikymata numbers via probability functions. The comparative samples included Middle Pleistocene (Chibanian) Europeans and Africans, Neanderthals, and early and later H. sapiens . Results Mugharet el'Aliya showed the greatest similarities in external and internal tooth morphology with early and later H. sapiens . Perikymata counts cluster the upper canine with H. sapiens . However, its canine and fourth premolar are megadont at a level generally atypical for H. sapiens . Discussion Our analyses of the dentition of the Mugharet el'Aliya individual support our previous findings on the morphological analysis of the maxilla, placing this fossil closest to H. sapiens . Our study further strengthens the evidence connecting fossils from the North African Aterian to those from Western Asia, especially Qafzeh. We also provide the first comparative analysis of a permanent upper canine from the Aterian fossil record.
“Sterile in Spanish Hands”
2025-02-01

Abstract This article examines schemes for reviving the French imperial presence in the Caribbean against the backdrop of the Haitian Revolution. It analyzes a series of memoranda sent to French ministries by imperial officials and former Saint-Domingue colonists that articulated ambitious visions of empire both before and after Haiti's independence. During a historical juncture that marked the apparent retreat of the French presence in the Western Hemisphere, proposals circulated in French ministries and colonial offices advocating the establishment of new diplomatic and territorial footholds across the Spanish Caribbean, especially in Cuba, with the intent of giving new life to French imperial projects in the Caribbean. Including both unsolicited and commissioned works, these proposals envisioned Spanish Caribbean colonies as new imperial possessions for the French empire that aimed at replicating Saint-Domingue on new lands or, alternatively, as launching pads for broader plans of reconquest of the lost “Pearl of the Antilles.” Key to these prospective schemes was the ubiquitous presence of a community of exiled French colonists across the Spanish Caribbean, especially in eastern Cuba, which underpinned visions of productive improvement under French rule and the foundation of new territorial footholds supporting renewed French imperial designs in the Western Hemisphere.
First clinical experiences with the tetravalent live vaccine against dengue (Qdenga®) in travellers: a multicentric TravVacNet study in Germany
2025-02-02

Abstract Background A study was conducted to assess the safety and tolerability of the tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine Qdenga®, which received marketing approval in Germany in 2022. The study evaluated vaccine-related reactions in a predominantly dengue-naïve population, highlighting the importance of post-marketing surveillance as an essential component of safety evaluation for newly licensed vaccines. Methods Following dengue vaccination, participants were recruited for an anonymous online questionnaire through the national ‘Trav VacNet’ network in Germany. The questionnaire focused on post-vaccination reactions up to 18 days after the first and second vaccination, as well as previous travel history and coadministration. Results The study included 1176 participants, with a median age of 39 years (IQR 28–56), 53.2% female (n = 625), 46.5% male (n = 547), and 0.3% non-binary participants (n = 4). After the first dose, 51% of the participants reported systemic reactions such as headache [40% (190/474)], weakness [40% (189/474)], and malaise [32% (154/474)], which were most pronounced between days 7 and 11 post vaccination. After the second dose, localized signs and symptoms such as pain at the injection site [22% (n = 55/250)] were more common. Fever was more common after the first dose [20% (96/474)] vs. 2% (6/250) after the second. Females reported significantly more reactions than males after both vaccinations (1st dose P = 0.0002; 2nd dose P = 0.0003). A total of 334 (28%) co-administrations were reported whereby assessing adverse events were reported in 47% (157/333) of participants, with the highest prevalence observed when combined with the Japanese encephalitis vaccine [56.8%, (42/74)]. Differences in age groups were observed, with a decrease in reactions in the elderly (≥65 years). Conclusions Vaccine-related reactions were frequently reported, predominantly after the first dose in dengue-naïve participants. Coadministration was a common strategy without significantly increasing side effects. The study provides important insights into reactogenicity and may help improve vaccination strategies in dengue-naïve populations.
Gene-replacement therapy in neurodevelopmental disorders: progress and challenges
2025-02-02

Heterozygous loss-of-function variants in the SLC6A1 gene, encoding GAT1, which is the main GABA transporter in the brain, lead to a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism. Gene-replacement strategies involving adeno-associated viruses (AAV) require the delivery of genes to specific types of neurons or areas in the brain, likely during certain developmental time points. In this issue of the JCI, Guo and colleagues from the Gray lab evaluated two promoters, three injection modalities, and various timing strategies for replacement of GAT1 via AAV type 9 in heterozygous and homozygous knockout mouse models. Intrathecal administration of vectors containing either promoter at postnatal day 5 achieved high expression and was the best tolerated approach. Notably, gene-replacement therapy failed at later disease stages, suggesting the importance of early gene reconstitution and confirming the importance of GABA metabolism in early brain development.
Myxoid liposarcoma: treatment outcomes, metastatic pattern and volumetric analysis
2025-02-03

Abstract Background Myxoid liposarcoma (MLPS) is a rare subtype of soft tissue sarcoma. This entity has a specific clinical behavior, characterized with a distinct pattern of hematogenous spread, as well as with a unique radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity. Oncologic results, metastatic patterns and treatment response after multimodal therapy were evaluated in a unicentric patient cohort. Methods Patients with myxoid liposarcoma were retrospectively analyzed in a single institution analysis ( n = 31). Oncologic outcomes were evaluated in 28 patients with localized MLPS treated with multimodal therapy in curative intent. Metastatic pattern was analyzed in additional 3 patients with initially metastatic disease. In patients treated with concomitant MR-guided hyperthermia in the preoperative setting ( n = 7), tumor size response was evaluated longitudinally during radio(-chemo)therapy in thermometry MRIs and before surgery (based on preoperative imaging). Results The median follow-up was 4.1 ± 1.0 years. The most common anatomic localization was the lower extremity (78.6%). The 5‐year rates for oncologic outcomes in 28 patients treated in curative intent were 91.7% (± 8.0%) for overall survival (OS), 77.4% (± 11.0%) for local control (LC), 60.1% (± 10.6%) for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and 55.4% (± 11.1%) for disease free survival (DFS). Excellent 5‐year LC (94.7 ± 5.1%) was demonstrated for the cohort excluding 5 patients treated for local recurrences. Most patients had good pathologic response (&lt; 10% vital tumor tissue) following neoadjuvant treatment (82.4%, 14/17). However, this did not correlate with oncologic outcomes. A specific pattern of distant metastases has been observed, with predilection for soft tissues as the most common metastatic site. Furthermore, no isolated pulmonary metastases were observed. The MR analysis demonstrated a significant tumor size reduction (≥ 25%) of the initial tumor volume in 85.7% ( n = 6/7) patients. No local recurrences and no distant metastases were observed in patients with significant MR size reduction. Conclusion Sequential MRIs during preoperative radiotherapy of myxoid liposarcoma show distinct patterns of the known size reduction of this specific subentity. Our analysis of metastatic patterns demonstrate mostly soft tissue metastases, no patient experienced isolated pulmonary metastases.
An AI-assisted morphoproteomic approach is a supportive tool in esophagitis-related precision medicine
2025-02-03

Abstract Esophagitis is a frequent, but at the molecular level poorly characterized condition with diverse underlying etiologies and treatments. Correct diagnosis can be challenging due to partially overlapping histological features. By proteomic profiling of routine diagnostic FFPE biopsy specimens (n = 55) representing controls, Reflux- (GERD), Eosinophilic-(EoE), Crohn’s-(CD), Herpes simplex (HSV) and Candida (CA)-esophagitis by LC-MS/MS (DIA), we identified distinct signatures and functional networks (e.g. mitochondrial translation (EoE), immunoproteasome, complement and coagulations system (CD), ribosomal biogenesis (GERD)), and pathogen-specific proteins for HSV and CA. Moreover, combining these signatures with histological parameters in a machine learning model achieved high diagnostic accuracy (100% training set, 93.8% test set), and supported diagnostic decisions in borderline/challenging cases. Applied to a young patient representing a use case, the external GERD diagnosis could be revised to CD and ICAM1 was identified as highly abundant therapeutic target. This resulted in CyclosporinA as a personalized treatment recommendation by the local multidisciplinary molecular inflammation board. Our integrated AI-assisted morphoproteomic approach allows deeper insights in disease-specific molecular alterations and represents a promising tool in esophagitis-related precision medicine.
Lack of At MC1 catalytic activity triggers autoimmunity dependent on NLR stability
2025-02-03

ABSTRACT Plants utilize cell surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors to detect non-self and elicit robust immune responses. Fine-tuning the homeostasis of these receptors is critical to prevent their hyperactivation. Here, we show that Arabidopsis plants lacking metacaspase 1 ( At MC1) display autoimmunity dependent on immune signalling components downstream of NLR and PRR activation. Overexpression of a catalytically inactive At MC1 in an atmc1 background triggers severe autoimmunity partially dependent on the same immune signalling components. Overexpression of the E3 ligase SNIPER1, a master regulator of NLR homeostasis, fully reverts the AtMC1-dependent autoimmunity phenotype, inferring that a broad defect in NLR turnover may underlie the severe phenotype observed. Catalytically inactive At MC1 localizes to punctate structures that are degraded through autophagy. Altogether and considering previous evidence on the proteostatic functions of At MC1, we speculate that Wt At MC1 may either directly or indirectly control NLR protein levels, thereby preventing autoimmunity.
Perceived Brightness and Resolution of Holographic Augmented Reality Retinal Scan Glasses
2025-02-03

Augmented reality display performance depends strongly on features of the human visual system. This is especially true for retinal scan glasses, which use laser beam scanning and transparent holographic optical combiners. Human-centered approaches allow us to go beyond conventional optical metrology and evaluate display performance as it is perceived in actual augmented reality use cases. Here, we first present a theoretical formula for the retinal scan luminance and ambient contrast ratio calculated from optical powers, wavelengths, field of view, and human pupil diameter. As a promising insight, we found that the pupil diameter dependence is beneficial in assimilating the virtual image luminance to the ambient luminance. Second, we designed and performed a psychophysical experiment to assess perceived resolution in augmented reality settings using a fully functional retinal scan glasses prototype. We present the results of the trials and illustrate how this approach can be used in the further development of augmented reality smart glasses.
Effects of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment on quality of life among orthodontic patients with craniofacial disorder compared to healthy controls
2025-02-03

Abstract Purpose Craniofacial disorders (CD) affect the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). Therefore, this study evaluates the OHIP in orthodontic patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence compared to healthy controls (C). Methods A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using the OHIP-14 questionnaire, with responses categorized into functional and psychological well-being items. In addition, the study considered the influence of crossbite, orthodontic appliance type, oral hygiene, and speech therapy. A high OHIP score represents a good quality of life. The Mann–Whitney test was used for nonparametric quantitative variables; statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results The study included 119 participants (ages 7–21 years; 61 male, 58 female), divided into a CD group consisting of patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence ( n = 42) and a control group (C; n = 77; mean age 13.5 ± 5.2 and 14.3 ± 3.3 years, respectively). Both groups showed comparable OHIP-14 scores. The CD group reported significantly higher satisfaction regarding nutritional intake ( p = 0.03), while the social and psychological dimensions were reduced ( p = 0.04). Factors like crossbite, orthodontic appliance and speech therapy did not have a significant impact on OHIP. CD patients with good oral hygiene showed significantly superior self-reported psychological OHIP ( p = 0.04). Conclusion Patients with cleft lip and/or palate or with Robin sequence exhibited OHIP scores comparable to healthy individuals despite their underlying condition. Early guidance on dental care and tooth-friendly nutrition has the potential to improve OHRQoL. Additionally, providing supplemental psychological support during orthodontic treatment is advisable. Graphic abstract
Kinetic Pathway Control in the Synthesis of Well‐Defined Ruthenium Coordination Oligomers
2025-02-03

Ruthenium complexes with 2,2′‐bipyridine‐6,6′‐dicarboxylate (bda) ligands have emerged as highly potent catalysts for water oxidation. In this context, the accumulation of active Ru centers in macrocyclic arrays or coordination oligomers and polymers has proven to be very beneficial for an enhanced stability under operating conditions and to facilitate surface adhesion in heterogeneous systems. For a better insight into structure–activity relationships though, well–defined systems with a precise control over stoichiometry and constitution are highly desired. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a series of structurally precise and monodisperse linear coordination oligomers [(Ru(bda)) n L n− 1 pic 2 ] ( n = 4 or 5, L = 4,4′‐bipyridine or 1,4‐bis‐(pyridine‐4‐yl)benzene derivatives, pic = 4‐picoline), in excellent purity and yields are reported. Based on detailed mechanistic investigations, a complex network of interconnected and competing reactions is proposed that fully explains both the high overall turnover and the kinetic pathway selection between alternative endcapping and dissociation–elongation sequences.