julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
The Chemical Constituents of Capparis Spinosa of Jordanian Origin
2003-01-01

Investigation of Capparis spinosa of Jordanian origin lead to isolation of two new compounds beta-sitosterylglucoside-6'-octadecanoate (1) and 3-methyl-2-butenyl-beta-glucoside (2). Linked Scan MS measurements were used to propose a mass fragmentation pattern for the alkaloid Cadabicine isolated here for the second time from nature.
Lactonamycin Z, an Antibiotic and Antitumor Compound Produced by Streptomyces sanglieri Strain AK 623
2003-01-01

Alkaliphilic streptomycetes strains were included in our HPLC-diode array screening program for detection of novel secondary metabolites.Strain AK 623, which was isolated from a pine wood soil collected at Hamsterley Forest, County Durham, UK, became attractive because of the
Application of poly-lactide-co-glycolide-microspheres in the transarterial chemoembolization in an animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma
2003-01-01

The growth of liver tumor could be obviously prevented by utilizing Plcg-mitomycin-microspheres in TACE in animal model. This rat model of HCC is suitable for the experimental studies of interventional therapy.
Effects of Oxytocin Outside Pregnancy
2003-01-01

For a long time, oxytocin was regarded as a pregnancy hormone released by the hypophysis to stimulate labour and milk ejection. In the present survey, data have been collected from the literature to show the spectrum of the hitherto known functions of oxytocin outside pregnancy. It is now known that oxytocin receptors can occur almost ubiquitously in the organism, that oxytocin is also formed outside of the brain and that oxytocin has functions in a number of organs. In the first part of the survey, stimuli that contribute to an increase in oxytocin release are compiled. In the second part, details are given on the individual oxytocin targets. Although the majority of findings are based on the results of animal experiments, there are already a number of studies that indicate similar effects of oxytocin in humans. According to the current state of knowledge, oxytocin appears to be involved in functions in the following organs: male and non-pregnant female reproductive tract, pancreas, cardiovascular system, kidney, brain and breast. There are indications that oxytocin may also have actions in other organs. There continues to be a considerable need for research into oxytocin in order to better understand the physiological and pathophysiological actions and to be able to derive possible therapeutic uses. Further light on the spectrum of functions of oxytocin may be cast by the possibility of the use of oxytocin antagonists.
DDD Pacemaker Implantation After Fontan‐Type Operations
2003-01-01

HEINEMANN, M.K., et al. : DDD Pacemaker Implantation After Fontan‐Type Operations. Bradyarrhythmias developing after Fontan‐type operations impair the function of the univentricular heart causing fatigue, headaches, ascites, and protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE). Transvenous inaccessibility, requiring epicardial implantation, accounts for the reluctance to implant a pacemaker (PM). Between 1997 and 2000, 24 patients (mean age 9.5 years, range 6 months to 19 years) with Fontan‐type operations received DDD pacing systems with atrial steroid‐eluting stitch‐on electrodes (mean capture threshold 1.9 V/0.5 ms, range 0.4–3.5 V) and ventricular screw‐in electrodes (mean capture threshold 1.7 V/0.5 ms, range 0.1–3 V). The systems were implanted at the time of conversion from atrio‐ to cavopulmonary connections in 5 patients, at the time of a total cavopulmonary Fontan operation in 6, and 1–50 months thereafter (mean = 18) in 13 patients. A right ventricular anatomy was present in 13 (54%) of 24 of PM recipients, versus 35% of the overall population. After a mean follow‐up of 3.5 years, the PM were functioning in DDD mode in 23 of the 24 patients. Length of hospital stay in the ten patients who underwent repeat sternotomy was 5 days, without procedure related complications. In three children a repeat sternotomy was avoided by implanting the atrial electrodes during the Fontan operation. All patients improved clinically, including resolution of PLE in four patients. Bradyarrhythmias may lead to significant morbidity after Fontan‐type operations. Electrophysiological evaluation is advised at follow‐up. The indication for implantation of a DDD pacemaker system should be liberal. Placing atrial electrodes during the Fontan operation, especially in the presence of a right ventricular anatomy, avoids repeat sternotomy. (PACE 2003; 26[Pt. II]:492–495)
Influence of a Long-Term, High-Dose Volume Therapy with 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 or Crystalloid Solution on Hemodynamics, Rheology and Hemostasis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
2003-01-01

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; This study was performed to investigate the clinical effects of a 4-day volume therapy with a newly developed, 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 versus crystalloid solution, with particular regard to systemic and cerebral hemodynamics, rheology and safety. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; In a randomized, double-blind study, 40 patients suffering from an acute ischemic stroke received either 6% HES 130/0.4 or crystalloid solution as continuous infusion over 4 days with a total dose of 6.5 liters. Efficacy parameters studied included hemodynamics (cardiac output, blood pressure, flow velocity with transcranial Doppler) and rheology (hematocrit and plasma viscosity). Safety parameters examined included laboratory, hemostaseology (including factor VIII) and an adverse event questionnaire (including pruritus). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; In both groups, a small, but not significant increase in cardiac output was observed. There were no significant changes regarding the remaining efficacy or safety parameters, except for the well-known increase in serum alpha-amylase through the infusion of HES. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; In our study with patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke, continuous infusion (1 ml/min) of HES 130/0.4 or crystalloid solution did not differ regarding safety or hemodynamic efficacy.
Extragonadal germ cell tumors: relation to testicular neoplasia and management options
2003-01-01

An unselected population of 635 consecutive extragonadal GCT patients (EGCT) treated between 1975 through 1996 at 11 cancer centers was retrospectively evaluated for clinical prognosis and biological features of this disease. Five hundred twenty‐four patients (83%) had a nonseminomatous GCT, and 104 patients (16%) a seminomatous histology; 341 (54%) patients had a primary mediastinal EGCT, and 283 patients (45%) a retroperitoneal EGCT. Following platinum based induction chemotherapy±secondary surgery, 141 patients (49%) with mediastinal nonseminomas (median follow up period: 19 months) and 144 patients (63%) with retroperitoneal nonseminoma (median follow up period: 29 months) are alive [p=0.0006]. In contrast, the overall survival rate for patients with seminomatous EGCT is 88% with no difference between patients with mediastinal or retroperitoneal tumor location (median follow up period: 49 months). Multivariate analysis revealed nonseminomatous histology, the presence of non‐pulmonary visceral metastases, primary mediastinal GCT location, and elevated β‐HCG as independent prognostic factors for shorter survival. Sixteen patients (4.1%) developed a metachronous testicular cancer despite the use of platinum based chemotherapy. The cumulative risk of developing a MTC 10‐years after a diagnosis of EGCT was 10.3% (95% CI=4.9 to 15.6%), but higher among patients with nonseminomatous EGCT (14.3%; 95% CI=6.7 to 21.9%) or retroperitoneal EGCT location (14.2%; 95% CI=5.6 to 22.8%) than among patients with seminomatous EGCT (1.4%; 95% CI=0.0 to 4.2) or mediastinal EGCT location (6.2%; 95% CI=0.1 to 12.2). After a median follow‐up of 51 months (range=1 to 154 months), all 16 MTC patients were alive without disease. Patients with pure seminomatous EGCT histology have a long term chance of cure of almost 90% irrespective of the primary tumor site. Patients with mediastinal nonseminomas have a five‐years survival rate of 45%. This outcome is clearly inferior compared to patients with nonseminomatous retroperitoneal primaries who have a five‐year survival rate of 62%.
Disequilibrium melt distribution during static recrystallization
2003-01-01

Melt migration and segregation, and the rheology of partially molten rocks in the upper mantle and lower crust, strongly depend on the grain-scale distribution of the melt. Current theory for monomineralic aggregates predicts a perfectly regular melt framework, but high-temperature experiments with rock-forming minerals + melt show considerable deviations from this predicted geometry. Disequilibrium features, such as fully wetted grain boundaries and large melt patches, have been described; these were mainly attributed to surface-energy anisotropy of the minerals. We present static analogue experiments with norcamphor + ethanol that allow continuous in situ observation of the evolving liquid distribution. The experiments show that all previously reported disequilibrium features can form during fluid-enhanced static recrystallization when small grains are consumed. There is no need to invoke surface-energy anisotropy, although this might enhance the effect. All disequilibrium features are transitory and evolve back toward equilibrium geometry. However, because the system undergoes continuous static recrystallization, disequilibrium features are always present in a partially molten polycrystalline aggregate and therefore control its properties.
Ripromycin and Other Polycyclic Macrolactams from Streptomyces sp. Tue 6239: Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Properties
2003-01-01

Strain Tü 6239 was isolated from a soil sample collected in Brazil and determined as a new species of the genus Streptomyces. In the course of our HPLC-diode array screening program three metabolites were detected in the culture filtrate and mycelium extracts of strain Tü 6239. They were characterised as members of the macrolactam group, the new compound ripromycin (1), the previously described ikarugamycin (2) and a new derivative of it, ikarugamycin epoxide (3). They show antibiotic activities against gram-positive bacteria and cytostatic effects to various human tumor cell lines.
Cerivastatin and atorvastatin inhibit IL-3-dependent differentiation and IgE-mediated histamine release in human basophils and downmodulate expression of the basophil-activation antigen CD203c/E-NPP3
2003-01-01

Abstract Recent data suggest that the statins, apart from their lipid-lowering activity, exhibit profound anti-inflammatory effects. Basophils are major proinflammatory effector cells in diverse pathologic reactions. We have examined the in vitro effects of five different statins on primary human basophils, their progenitors, and the basophil cell line KU-812. Preincubation of blood basophils with cerivastatin or atorvastatin (0.1–100 μM) for 24 h reduced their capacity to release histamine on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. These statins also inhibited IgE-dependent up-regulation of the basophil-activation antigen CD203c. Moreover, both statins suppressed interleukin-3-induced differentiation of basophils from their progenitors as well as 3H-thymidine uptake in KU-812 cells. All inhibitory effects of cerivastatin and atorvastatin were reversed by mevalonic acid (200 μM). The other statins tested (lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin) did not show significant inhibitory effects on basophils. Together, these data identify cerivastatin and atorvastatin as novel inhibitors of growth and activation of human basophils.
Unconventional pattern of reservoir facies distribution in epeiric successions: Lessons from an outcrop analog (Lower Keuper, Germany)
2003-01-01

This article presents (1) a process-oriented description of an outcrop analog for epeiric successions; (2) a discussion of fundamental characteristics of epeiric basin fills; and (3) a generic depositional model, which may be used for improved reservoir prediction in epeiric settings. The case study focuses on the upper Ladinian, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate Lower Keuper Formation. It is composed of storm-generated, tide-generated, and bioturbated facies. Paleogeographically the succession shows an unusual lateral energy zonation comprising a seaward low-energy zone close to wave base; an intermediate, reservoir-prone, high-energy zone within wave base; and a landward low-energy zone above wave base. Stratigraphically the Lower Keuper Formation is subdivided into meter-scale transgressive-regressive cycles, correlatable over distances of more than 500 km. Cycle boundaries are interpreted to be isochronous. Within the resulting chronostratigraphic framework, facies distributions have been mapped out in three dimensions, revealing that reservoir-prone facies are most extensive in shoreline-detached positions. Reservoir bodies are thin, have sheetlike geometries but extend for several tens of kilometers, and are stacked in an aggradational facies architecture. Additionally, the reservoir-prone facies is thicker developed in zones of stronger subsidence, a few kilometers wide, linked to underlying basement blocks. Resulting unconventional reservoir prediction strategies for similar shallow-marine epeiric settings should target shoreline-detached high-energy facies belts that are preferentially developed within zones of stronger subsidence, controlled by basement tectonics.
Semigroups for Initial-Boundary Value Problems
2003-01-01

In the foreword of what later became the classic in semigroup theory, E. Hille [Hi48] wrote in 1948: "The analytical theory of semi-groups is a recent addition to the ever-growing list of mathematical disciplines. It was my good fortune to take an early interest in this discipline and to see it reach maturity. It has been a pleasant association: I hail a semi-group when I see one and I seem to see them everywhere!"
Automated Saline-Enhanced Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation: Initial Results in Ex Vivo Bovine Livers
2003-01-01

Automated Saline-Enhanced Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation: Initial Results in Ex Vivo Bovine LiversDiethard Schmidt1, Jochen Trübenbach, Jens Brieger, Claudius Koenig, Holger Putzhammer, Stephan H. Duda, Claus D. Claussen and Philippe L. PereiraAudio Available | Share
Independent testing of soft tissue visco-elasticity using indentation and rotary shear deformations
2003-01-01

Numerous techniques exist to measure the mechanical properties, of soft tissues in vivo, such as mechanical stretching, indentation or shearing, as well as elastographic methods employing ultrasound or other imaging modes. Many groups have reported properties which do not necessarily correspond with each other due to differences in choice of technique, tissue model or other variations. This work deliberately makes use of the two independent modes of indentation and rotary shear, on the same material samples, employing similar modeling approximations, to attempt to determine the common, underlying material properties.
Polymorphisms of the BRAF gene predispose males to malignant melanoma.
2003-01-01

The incidence of malignant melanoma has rapidly increased in recent years. Evidence points to the role of inheritance in melanoma development, but specific genetic risk factors are not well understood. Recent reports indicate a high prevalence of somatic mutations of the BRAF gene in melanomas and melanocytic nevi. Here we report that germ-line single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BRAF are significantly associated with melanoma in German males, but not females. At-risk haplotypes of BRAF are shown. Based upon their frequencies, we estimate that BRAF could account for a proportion attributable risk of developing melanoma of 4% in the German population. The causal variant has yet to be determined. The burden of disease associated with this variant is greater than that associated with the major melanoma susceptibility locus CDKN2A, which has an estimated attributable risk of less than 1%.
Areal Density Measurement is a Convenient Method for the Determination of Porcine Islet Equivalents without Counting and Sizing Individual Islets
2003-01-01

The determination of islet mass is important for the normalization of islet experiments in the laboratory and for the precise dosing of islets for transplantation. The common microscopical analysis is based on individual islet sizing, calculation of the frequency distribution, and conversion into islet equivalents (IEQ), which is the volume of a spherical islet with a diameter of 150 μm. However, islets are of irregular form, which makes this determination user dependent, and the analysis is irreproducible once the original sample is discarded. This routine technique of islet quantification was compared with the analysis of areal density measurements. It was assumed that the entire area occupied by islets can be expressed in IEQ without sizing and counting individual islets. Porcine islets were isolated by continuous digestion/filtration and purified by gradient centrifugation. Purified islets were stained with dithizone and were repeatedly pictured under the microscope with random area selection. A total of 51 pictures was taken from 11 different purifications and stained islets were detected by digital image analysis. The correlation coefficient (r) between both analyses was 0.977 with an underestimation of islet yield by areal density detection (slope: 0.75 ± 0.03). Areal density analysis per picture took about 1 min, which is about 10 times faster than the traditional method without increasing the method error (CV 2.1% vs. 2.7%). In summary, areal density measurements allow a rapid and reproducible estimation of IEQ without counting individual islets. It can be performed in a single step analysis without computer programming and is valuable for online determinations of islet yield preceding transplantation.
Surveillance and Follow-up Examinations in Cutaneous Melanoma
2003-01-01

The main goal of follow-up examinations of patients with cutaneous melanomas is early diagnosis of developing recurrent or second tumors. Timely recognition of recurrence has a relevant effect on the prognosis. In 80% of the cases recurrences are diagnosed for the first time in the course of follow-up when follow-up procedures are carried out systematically. Most recurrences are discovered during a physical examination. Sonographic examination of the lymph nodes is also a very sensitive method which can lead to the diagnosis of locoregional recurrences before they are palpable. Further image-producing techniques are not necessary for surveillance of primary tumors. In contrast to former recommendations, new research indicates that less extensive diagnostic procedures are sufficient in primary tumor stages, especially when the tumor thickness of the melanoma is less than 1 mm. Consequently, costs can be reduced considerably without additional risk to the patient.
Supported Organometallic Complexes. XXXVI [1] Diaminediphosphineruthenium(II) Interphase Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of α, β‐Unsaturated Ketones
2003-01-01

Abstract The T—silyl functionalized diamine‐bis(ether‐phosphine)ruthenium(II) complexes 1a(T ° ) — 1g(T ° ) (Scheme 1) were sol‐gel processed in the presence of different amounts of the co‐condensation agents CH 3 Si(OMe) 3 (Me—T ° ) and (MeO) 2 SiMe—(CH 2 ) 6 —MeSi(OMe) 2 (D ° —C 6 —D ° ) to produce a library of the interphase catalysts X1a — X1c , X2a — X2g , and X3a — X3g . Due to the remarkable electronic and steric effects of the co‐ligands on the catalytic activity of such complexes, a series of aliphatic and aromatic diamines was selected. The new polymers were investigated by multinuclear CP/MAS solid‐state NMR spectroscopy as well as by EXAFS, EDX, SEM, and BET methods. Selected interphase catalysts show high activities and selectivities in the hydrogenation of trans ‐4‐phenyl‐3‐butene‐2‐one.
A complex chromosomal rearrangement with a translocation 4;10;14 in a fertile male carrier: ascertainment through an offspring with partial trisomy 14q24→1q22 and partial monosomy 4q27→q28
2003-01-01

Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are usually associated with infertility or subfertility in male carriers. If fertility is maintained, there is a high risk of abnormal pregnancy outcome. Few male carriers have been identified by children presenting with mental retardation/congenital malformations (MR/CM) or by spontaneous abortions of the spouses. We report a de novo CCR with five breakpoints involving chromosomes 4, 10 and 14 in a male carrier who was ascertained through a son presenting with MR/CM due to an unbalanced karyotype with partial trisomy 14 and partial monosomy 4. The child has a healthy elder brother. In the family history no abortions were reported. No fertility treatment was necessary. Cytogenetic analysis from the affected son showed a reciprocal translocation t(4;10) with additional chromosomal material inserted between the translocation junctions in the derivative chromosome 10. The father showed the same derivative chromosome 10 but had additionally one aberrant chromosome 14. Further molecular cytogenetic analyses determined the inserted material in the aberrant chromosome 10 as derived from chromosome 14 and revealed a small translocation with material of chromosome 4 inserted into the derivative chromosome 14. Thus the phenotype of the son is supposed to be associated with a partial duplication 14q13→q24.1 and a partial monosomy 4q27→q28. Including our case we are aware of eleven CCR cases with fertile male carriers. In eight of these families normal offspring have been reported. We propose that exceptional CCRs in fertile male carriers might form comparatively simple pachytene configurations increasing the chance of healthy offspring.
New axially aryloxy substituted gallium phthalocyanines for nonlinear optics
2003-01-01

The ability to control reductions in the saturation energy density is important from the point of view of realizing applications where one would require successive layers in the practical limiter to be fabricated from materials of decreasing saturation energy density. In this paper, two new axially aryloxy substituted gallium phthalocyanine compounds: tBu4PcGa(p-CPO) and [tBu4PcGa]2?SDPO, have been prepared and structurally characterized. Their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties are described.
Role of Connexin32 and β-Catenin in Tumor Promotion in Mouse Liver
2003-01-01

Tumor promoters are nonmutagenic chemicals that increase the probability of cancer by accelerating the clonal expansion of cells transformed during tumor initiation. The molecular mechanisms underlying this process are only partly understood but interference with signaling pathways regulating cell division and/or cell death is likely to be important. Ras- and β-Catenin-dependent signaling is important for both of these processes and ras and β-catenin genes are known mutational targets in mouse hepatocarcinogenesis. About 80% of liver tumors generated in mice by a promotional regimen including phenobarbital (PB) as tumor promoter and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) as initiator showed β-catenin mutations whereas Ha-ras mutations were not detected. By contrast, tumors from mice treated with DEN alone showed a ~30% Ha-ras mutation prevalence but no β-catenin mutations. This result suggests that PB-mediated promotion in mouse liver consists in a positive selection for hepatocytes harboring mutations in β-catenin. The gap junction protein connexin 32 (Cx32) was also found to be involved in tumor promotion by PB because Cx32 gene knockout mice were almost entirely resistent to the promotional effects of the barbiturate. The link between β-catenin-signaling and Cx32-dependent gap junctional intercellular communication, if existent, remains obscure.