julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma an evolving story
2015-01-01

The current classification of lymphoid neoplasms is based on the integrated utilisation of morphological, immunohistochemical, genetic and clinical criteria to define disease entities. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a paradigm for the identification of a disease entity based on morphological observations and immunophenotype, which paved the way for the subsequent discovery of the characteristic cytogenetic abnormality the translocation t(2;5)(p23;q35). In 1994, the t(2;5) was cloned and the NPM-ALK fusion gene generated by this rearrangement was identified. The year 2014 marked the 20th anniversary of this seminal publication by Steve Morris et al. The discovery of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has allowed the definition of a distinct entity within the clinically and pathologically heterogeneous group of CD30+ lymphomas. The diagnosis of ALK-positive ALCL has become straightforward due to the generation of the reliable monoclonal antibody ALK-1 that also has led to the recognition of the histologic spectrum of the disease. ALK-positive ALCL has evolved in the last 20 years to an exciting model for signal transduction studies and targeted therapy.
Autonomic Function in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis and Acupuncture - an Experimental Pilot Study within a Randomized Trial
2015-01-01

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Acupuncture was shown to reduce symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). The present study investigated (a) whether autonomic function would differ in SAR patients and healthy controls, and (b) whether acupuncture treatment would evoke changes in autonomic function compared to sham acupuncture. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; SAR patients (n = 30) were recruited from a larger randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of acupuncture in SAR. 21 patients received acupuncture, and 9 patients received sham acupuncture. Among other we measured resting heart rate variability and cardiovascular reactivity to a cold pressure test prior to and after 12 sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture. In addition, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were tested once. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; SAR patients showed higher resting heart rate and lower heart rate variability as well as blunted cardiovascular responses compared to controls. After treatment, resting heart rate had decreased, and systolic blood pressure response to the cold pressure test had increased in SAR patients. We found no significant differences in autonomic function changes between patients receiving acupuncture or sham acupuncture. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; SAR patients showed alterations in autonomic function, which had partially normalized after treatment. However, in this sample we found no specific effect of acupuncture compared to sham acupuncture.
Low-energy Neutrino Astronomy in LENA
2015-01-01

LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) is a proposed next-generation neutrino detector based on 50 kilotons of liquid scintillator. The low detection threshold, good energy resolution and excellent background rejection inherent to the liquid-scintillator detectors make LENA a versatile observatory for low-energy neutrinos from astrophysical and terrestrial sources. In the framework of the European LAGUNA-LBNO design study, LENA is also considered as far detector for a very-long baseline neutrino beam from CERN to Pyhasalmi ̈ (Finland). The present contribution gives an overview LENA’s broad research program, highlighting the unique capabilities of liquid scintillator for the detection of low-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. In particular, it will focus on the precision measurement of the solar neutrino spectrum: The search for time modulations in the 7Be neutrino flux, the determination of the electron neutrino survival probability in the low-energy region of the 8B spectrum and the favorable detection conditions for neutrinos from the CNO fusion cycle.
Latencies of extracted distortion-product otoacoustic source components
2015-01-01

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) evolve as a byproduct of the nonlinear amplification process of two stimulus tones f2 ≥ f1 in the cochlea. According to a prevailing model, DPOAEs comprise a nonlinear-generation and a coherent-reflection component. Recently, we introduced a new technique using short f2 pulses which enables the extraction of both source components in the time domain by nonlinear least-square curve fitting to decompose the DPOAE response into pulse basis functions (PBFs). The analysis of the extracted DPOAE source components in the time domain enables determination of their latencies which may be used to estimate cochlear frequency tuning. Short-pulse DPOAEs were acquired from 16 subjects for f2 = 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 kHz using six primary-tone levels with L2 = 25 − 65 dB SPL. For the extracted nonlinear-generation and coherent-reflection components, latencies decrease with increasing stimulus frequency and level. The obtained latency values are in accordance with the expected behavior of the cochlear amplifier and may provide an additional diagnostic parameter to assess frequency tuning.
Intuitive Web-Based Experimental Design for High-Throughput Biomedical Data
2015-01-01

Big data bioinformatics aims at drawing biological conclusions from huge and complex biological datasets. Added value from the analysis of big data, however, is only possible if the data is accompanied by accurate metadata annotation. Particularly in high-throughput experiments intelligent approaches are needed to keep track of the experimental design, including the conditions that are studied as well as information that might be interesting for failure analysis or further experiments in the future. In addition to the management of this information, means for an integrated design and interfaces for structured data annotation are urgently needed by researchers. Here, we propose a factor-based experimental design approach that enables scientists to easily create large-scale experiments with the help of a web-based system. We present a novel implementation of a web-based interface allowing the collection of arbitrary metadata. To exchange and edit information we provide a spreadsheet-based, humanly readable format. Subsequently, sample sheets with identifiers and metainformation for data generation facilities can be created. Data files created after measurement of the samples can be uploaded to a datastore, where they are automatically linked to the previously created experimental design model.
Spatiotemporal predictability alters perceived duration of visual events: Memento effect revisited.
2015-01-01

Does event perception alter perceived duration? Previous research has shown that the perceived duration of a short scene depicting a disk moving along a segmented path is reduced when the temporal order of the motion segments is reversed (Memento effect). This effect has been attributed to the idea that reversed segments give rise to the perception of distinct visual events, whereas continuous segments are perceived as a single event. It has been suggested that the reduction in perceived duration is a result of perceiving multiple distinct events rather than 1. Here, the authors replicate and investigate the origin of the Memento effect. In 4 experiments, they explore the role of the spatiotemporal predictability of the disk's movement as well as the influence of the number of discrete events on perceived duration. Controlling for spatiotemporal predictability eliminates the Memento effect; however, controlling for the number of distinct events does not. Thus, the authors' results suggest that violations in spatiotemporal predictability rather than a varying number of discrete events induce the Memento effect. The authors discuss the impact of these findings for the perception of more naturalistic events.
CoMiC: Adapting a Short Answer Assessment System for Answer Selection
2015-01-01

Open forum threads exhibit a great variability in the quality and quantity of the answers they attract, making it difficult to manually moderate and separate relevant from irrelevant content.The goal of SemEval 2015 Task 3 (Subtask A, English) is to build systems that automatically distinguish between relevant and irrelevant content in forum threads.We extend a short answer assessment system to build relations between forum questions and answers with respect to similarity, question type, and answer content.The features are used in a sequence classifier to account for the conversation character of threads.The performance of this approach is modest in comparison to the other task participants and also to the performance the system usually reaches in short answer assessment.However, the new features implemented for this task are a first step in developing more fine-grained question-answer features and identifying relevant answers.
Ipsilateral medial olivocochlear reflex adaptation of the primary-source DPOAE component measured with pulsed tones
2015-01-01

Measurement of contralateral suppression or ipsilateral adaptation of DPOAE due to the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) in humans has so far been complicated by interference between the two major contributors to a DPOAE signal, namely, the nonlinear and the reflection-source components.For instance, while the MOCR has been shown to act inhibitory to the cochlear amplifier, a considerable share of the measured responses has been reported to be of the excitatory type (e.g.22% for contralateral adaptation in [11]), and it has been shown that the magnitudes of ipsilateral adaptation as well as contralateral suppression depend on the precise frequency choice relative to the position of dips in the DPOAE fine structure [3,8].To separate MOCR effects on both source components, we developed a paradigm consisting of five short f 2 pulses presented during a 0.35 s on-period of the f 1 primary within blocks of 1.35 s length.The responses at f 1 and f 2 were cancelled using the primary-tone phase variation technique [13].In 16 normal-hearing subjects, we measured MOCR-induced ipsilateral adaptation at three near-by frequencies in the DPOAE fine structure, corresponding roughly to characteristic interference states between the two major source components of a DPOAE, i.e. constructive, destructive and quadrature interference.Measurements were performed in the frequency range 1.7 ≤ f 2 ≤ 2 kHz, f 2 / f 1 = 1.2, and with moderate primary-tone levels (L 2 = 45 dB SPL, L 1 = 57 dB SPL).Analysis of the DPOAE time traces showed that the nonlinear component typically presents inhibitory adaptation between the 1st and the 5th pulses (median: 0.92 dB).Fitting a single exponential function to the pooled data yielded adaptation of 1.49 dB.From 26 statistically significant MOCR effects (P < 0.1) ranging between 0.29 and 2.81 dB, no excitatory response was detected.The separation of the DPOAE sources when analysing MOCR effects on ipsilateral DPOAE offers the potential of investigating the human efferent system more specifically than hitherto possible.
Functional recovery after experimental spinal cord compression and whole body vibration therapy requires a balanced revascularization of the injured site
2015-01-01

The results of this study provide for the first time evidence that intensive WBV-therapy leads to a significantly denser capillary network in the lesioned spinal cord. However, since this higher capillary density is not associated with improved functional recovery (possibly because it exceeded the balance necessary for functional improvements), optional treatments with lower intensity or less time of WBV-therapy should be tested.
IDH1 R132H mutation in a pilocytic astrocytoma: a case report.
2015-01-01

We present the case of a 72-year old female with a right cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma WHO grade I with an Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) R132H mutation. The patient is recurrence-free 6 years after the initial diagnosis. Only one single case with strikingly similar clinicopathological features has been reported before. Otherwise, IDH1/2 mutations are not seen in pilocytic astrocytomas. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Oxidation of germa- and stanna-closo-dodecaborate
2015-01-01

Oxidation of group 14 heteroborates [GeB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>11</sub>]<sup>2−</sup> and [SnB<sub>11</sub>H<sub>11</sub>]<sup>2−</sup> yields a symmetrical dimer exhibiting a Ge–Ge bond or an unsymmetrical dimer bearing an Sn–B bond.
On Languages for Conceptual Data Modeling in Multi-disciplinary Space Systems Engineering
2015-01-01

The engineering of complex systems is more and more supported through computer-based models that rely on a comprehensive specification of their underlying data. This paper reflects on extensive industrial experience with a sophisticated application of conceptual data modeling, addressing requirements as they arise in the context of space systems engineering. For this purpose identified needs for conceptual data modeling in the scope of Model-Based Systems Engineering are formulated. Established and evolving approaches and technologies for building conceptual data models are characterized, analyzed, and discussed regarding their suitability for modeling engineering data. Based on this analysis of the state of the art, recommendations for the future evolution of conceptual data modeling are formulated.
Double Ventricular Responses Leading to Reversible Cardiomyopathy as Late Complication after Slow-Pathway Ablation
2015-01-01

Double ventricular response is a rare arrhythmia that results from simultaneous antegrade conduction over the fast and slow pathways of AV node. Double ventricular responses may lead to arrhythmia-related cardiomyopathy. As far as we know, there is not any reported reversible cardiomyopathy development that resulted from double ventricular responses to one atrial impulse after slow pathway ablation. We report a unique case of double ventricular response cardiomyopathy that has been developed 5 years after slow pathway ablation.
Translation as Taking Stances: The Emergence of Syriac Theodoranism in 5th Century Edessa
2015-01-01

Abstract The sheer dimensions of the theological and ecclesio-political consequences of Theodor of Mopsuestia’s reception by eastern Syriac schools, theologians and bishops, a reception that shaped eastern Syriac Christianity like no other intellectual factor, raises the question of what triggered the reception process in the first place - about the concrete intentions behind the initiation of the Syriac Theodore translation project in fourth century Edessa, which formed the basis for all Syriac Theodore reception. An investigation of the historical contexts of this translation project suggests that the project first started as a reaction to the simultaneous promotion of Syriac Cyrillianism by bishop Rabbula of Edessa. It also points out the close connection between the translation project’s emergence on the one hand and the (theological only, at first) Syriac Cyrillians-Theodorans divide as well as the later schism between Miaphysites and Nestorians on the other
Physical observables in the decay Λb → Λc(→ Λ + π) + τ− + ντ
2015-01-01

We analyze the tauonic semileptonic baryon decays [Formula: see text] with particular emphasis on the lepton helicity flip contributions which vanish for zero lepton masses. We calculate the total rate, differential decay distributions, the longitudinal and transverse polarization components of the [Formula: see text] and the [Formula: see text], and the lepton-side forward-backward asymmetries. We use the covariant confined quark model to provide numerical results on these observables.
Quantitative Correlation at the Molecular Level of Tumor Response to Docetaxel by Multimodal Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and [18F]FDG/[18F]FLT Positron Emission Tomography
2015-01-01

We aimed to quantitatively characterize the treatment effects of docetaxel in the HCT116 xenograft mouse model, applying diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose ([ 18 F]FDG) and 3′-deoxy-3′-[ 18 F]-fluorothymidine ([ 18 F]FLT). Mice were imaged at four time points over 8 days. Docetaxel (15 mg/kg) was administered after a baseline scan. Voxel-wise scatterplots of PET and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) data of tumor volumes were evaluated with a threshold cluster analysis and compared to histology (GLUT1, GLUT3, Ki67, activated caspase 3a). Compared to the extensive tumor growth observed in the vehicle-treated group (from 0.32 ± 0.21 cm 3 to 0.69 ± 0.40 cm 3 ), the administration of docetaxel led to tumor growth stasis (from 0.32 ± 0.20 cm 3 to 0.45 ± 0.23 cm 3 ). The [ 18 F]FDG/ADC cluster analysis and the evaluation of peak histogram values revealed a significant treatment effect matching histology as opposed to [ 18 F]FLT/ADC. [ 18 F]FLT uptake and the Ki67 index were not in good agreement. Our voxel-based cluster analysis uncovered treatment effects not seen in the separate inspection of PET and MRI data and may be used as an independent analysis tool. [ 18 F]FLT/ADC cluster analysis could still point out the treatment effect; however, [ 18 F]FDG/ADC reflected the histology findings in higher agreement.
A spectral decomposition for the Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent and the Kingman coalescent
2015-01-01

We consider both the Bolthausen-Sznitman and the Kingman coalescent restricted to the\\npartitions of &lt;span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax"&gt;&lt;span\\nid="MathJax-Span-1" class="math"&gt;&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-2" class="&gt;&lt;span\\nid="MathJax-Span-3" class="mo"&gt;{&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-4" class="mn"&gt;1&lt;span\\nid="MathJax-Span-5" class="mo"&gt;,&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-6" class="mo"&gt;...&lt;span\\nid="MathJax-Span-7" class="mo"&gt;,&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-8" class="mi"&gt;n&lt;span\\nid="MathJax-Span-9" class="mo"&gt;}&lt;span id="MathJax-Span-10" class="mo"&gt;. Spectral\\ndecompositions of the corresponding generators are derived. As an application we obtain a\\nformula for the Green's functions and a short derivation of the well-known formula for the\\ntransition probabilities of the Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent.
N-gram probability effects in a cloze task
2015-01-01

What knowledge influences our choice of words when we write or speak? Predicting which word a person will produce next is not easy, even when the linguistic context is known. One task that has been used to assess context dependent word choice is the fill-in-the-blank task, also called the cloze task. The cloze probability of specific context is an empirical measure found by asking many people to fill in the blank. In this paper we harness the power of large corpora to look at the influence of corpus-derived probabilistic information from a word’s micro-context on word choice. We asked young adults to complete short phrases called n-grams with up to 20 responses per phrase. The probability of the responded word and the conditional probability of the response given the context were predictive of the frequency with which each response was produced. Furthermore the order in which the participants generated multiple completions of the same context was predicted by the conditional probability as well. These results suggest that word choice in cloze tasks taps into implicit knowledge of a person’s past experience with that word in various contexts. Furthermore, the importance of n-gram conditional probabilities in our analysis is further evidence of implicit knowledge about multi-word sequences and support theories of language processing that involve anticipating or predicting based on context.
Often Harder than in the Constructive Case: Destructive Bribery in CP-nets
2015-01-01

We study the complexity of the destructive bribery problem (an external agent tries to prevent a disliked candidate from winning by bribery actions) in voting over combinatorial domains, where the set of candidates is the Cartesian product of several issues. This problem is related to the concept of the margin of victory of an election which constitutes a measure of robustness of the election outcome and plays an important role in the context of electronic voting. In our setting, voters have conditional preferences over assignments to these issues, modelled by CP-nets. We settle the complexity of all combinations of this problem based on distinctions of four voting rules, five cost schemes, three bribery actions, weighted and unweighted voters, as well as the negative and the non-negative scenario. We show that almost all of these cases are -complete or -hard for weighted votes while approximately half of the cases can be solved in polynomial time for unweighted votes.
Spatial and Temporal Granularity Limits of Body Biasing in UTBB-FDSOI
2015-01-01

Advances in SOI technology such as STMicro's 28nm UTBB-FDSOI enabled a renaissance of body biasing. Body biasing is a fast and efficient technique to change power and performance characteristics. As the electrical task to change the substrate potential is small compared to Dynamic Voltage Scaling, much finer island sizes are conceivable. This however creates new challenges in regard to design partitioning into body bias islands and body bias combinations across such designs. These combinations should be chosen so that energy efficiency improves while maintaining timing constraints. We introduce a combination based analysis tool to find optimized body bias island partitions and body biasing levels. For such partitions, optimized body bias assignments for static, programmable and dynamic body biasing can be computed. The overheads incurred by dynamically switching body biases are estimated to yield actual improvements and to give an upper bound for the power consumption of required additional circuitry. Based on these partitionings and the switching overheads, optimized application specific switching strategies are computed. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated in a frequency scaling scenario using forward body biasing on a Dynamic Reconfigurable Processor (DRP) design. We show that leakage can be greatly reduced using the proposed methods and that dynamic body biasing can be beneficial even at small time periods.
Detailed Study of the Angular Correlations in the Prompt Neutron Emission in Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf
2015-01-01

An experiment has been performed at IPHC Strasbourg, aimed at the detailed investigation of angular correlations in the neutron emission from spontaneous fission of 252Cf. Fission fragments were measured by the angle-sensitive double ionization chamber CODIS while neutrons were detected by a set of 60 DEMON scintillator counters. The main aim of the experiment is the observation of the correlation between the fragment spins and neutron emission anisotropy. Preliminary results, based on the Monte-Carlo simulations, as well as the preliminary analysis of the experimental data are shown.