julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Repertoire forecast of MHC class I binding peptides with peptide libraries
2000-01-01

SummaryUnderstanding the repertoire of MHC binding peptides is a pivotal step towards looking into the genetic forces that keep the MHC molecules polymorphic and polygenic. We have attempted to forecast the repertoire of MHC class I binding peptides by means of positional scanning using peptide libraries. Position independent assessment of the binding was useful for roughly estimating the binding capacity of peptides, but the prediction was clearly limited. Namely, for approximately 80% of randomly chosen peptides, MHC binding capacity could be predicted within an order of magnitude in Kd values. When pairwise comparisons were made between different MHC class I molecules, the degree of repertoire overlap was 2 to 5%. The results support the leading hypothesis that the necessity to increase repertoire size acts as a driving force for diversification of peptide binding specificities in the MHC class I molecules.
Reaching national Kyoto-targets in Germany by maintaining a sustainable development
2000-01-01

Within this paper, we analyse the fulfilment of the Kyoto-emissions reduction com-mitment exemplary in Germany and its implication on long-term paths of all macro-variables. Germany, like all other industrial or Annex B coun-tries, has to reduce its emissions by 2010 and after what we call a "Kyoto-forever-scenario". We exemplary investigate tradable permits as reduction measures in a national OverLapping Generations (OLG)-model, where we change the discounting technique by using generation adjusted discounting (GAD) in comparison to conventional OLG-models. We show that within our model-framework Germany is able to develop along growing paths of e.g. GDP in sharp contrast to conventional results of OLG-simulations. At the same time, nowadays living generations have to share higher burdens in terms of lower GDP, per capita consumption and employment which can be interpreted, firstly, as contemporary costs for reaching sustainable paths and, secondly, contributions for internalising intertemporal external effects. However, all costs in terms of lower macro-variables for current living generations are overcompensated by higher future values of them. This effect can be interpreted as intertemporal application of full cost-bearance, or, in other words, the polluter pay principle which is oriented on the sustainability of GHG abatement.
Unions, monopolistic competition and unemployment
2000-01-01

This paper develops a general equilibrium dual labour market model which incorporates union bargaining with monopolistically competitive firms. It is shown that not only the degree of union bargaining power but also the market power firms possess on the product market have a positive influence on unemployment. The reason for this is that less intense product market competition increases the negotiated wage rates as well as the price mark-up firms charge over their marginal costs, both of which reduce labour demand. It is also shown that higher competition intensity will force firms to merge to larger units.
Spectral analysis of four multi-mode pulsating sdB stars
2000-01-01

Four members of the new class of pulsating sdB stars are analysed from Keck\\nHIRES spectra using NLTE and LTE model atmospheres. Atmospheric parameters\\n(Teff, log g, log(He/H)), metal abundances and rotational velocities are\\ndetermined. Balmer line fitting is found to be consistent with the helium\\nionization equilibrium for PG1605+072 but not so for PG1219+534 indicating that\\nsystematic errors in the model atmosphere analysis of the latter have been\\nunderestimated previously. All stars are found to be helium deficient probably\\ndue to diffusion. The metals are also depleted with the notable exception of\\niron which is solar to within error limits in all four stars, confirming\\npredictions from diffusion calculations of Charpinet et al. (1997). While three\\nof them are slow rotator's (vsini &lt; 10km/s), PG1605+072 displays considerable\\nrotation (vsini = 39km/s, P&lt;8.7h) and is predicted to evolve into an unusually\\nfast rotating white dwarf. This nicely confirms a prediction by Kawaler (1999)\\nwho deduced a rotation velocity of 130km/s from the power spectrum of the\\npulsations which implies a low inclination angle of the rotation axis.\\n
FTICR‐mass spectrometry for high‐resolution analysis in combinatorial chemistry
2000-01-01

The diversity of compound collections required for finding lead structures in pharmaceutical research can be provided by means of combinatorial organic chemistry. The resultant enormous number of single compounds but also of compound mixtures represents a challenge for the analyst. With the introduction of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS or FT-MS), a new and, as yet, not widespread mass spectrometric technique (a means of analysis of such compound libraries with a very high mass resolution) high mass accuracy and high sensitivity has become available. Moreover, in combination with electrospray ionization (ESI), not only high-throughput measurements via flow-injection analysis (FIA) but also coupling with separation techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) is possible. Structural verification by way of decomposing ions (MSn; n ≥ 2) using a variety of different dissociation techniques can be performed by FTICR-MS. This is the first review specifically covering applications of FTICR-MS in the field of combinatorial chemistry. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng (Comb Chem) 71:149–161, 2000/2001.
Therapy-Related Leukemia following High-Dose Chemotherapy: Compensating for the Benefit?
2000-01-01

Commentaries| November 03 2000 Therapy-Related Leukemia following High-Dose Chemotherapy: Compensating for the Benefit? Subject Area: Oncology C. Kollmannsberger; C. Kollmannsberger Abteilung für Hämatologie/Onkologie, Medizinische Klinik, Universität Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar C. Bokemeyer C. Bokemeyer Abteilung für Hämatologie/Onkologie, Medizinische Klinik, Universität Tübingen Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Onkologie (2000) 23 (5): 480–482. https://doi.org/10.1159/000027211 Article history Published Online: November 03 2000 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. Kollmannsberger, C. Bokemeyer; Therapy-Related Leukemia following High-Dose Chemotherapy: Compensating for the Benefit?. Onkologie 1 October 2000; 23 (5): 480–482. https://doi.org/10.1159/000027211 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsOnkologie Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 2000Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Can Time Reversal be tested in ternary fission?
2000-01-01

Ternary fission of 233U and 235U induced by cold polarized neutrons has been investigated. Several correlations between neutron spin and the momenta of fission fragments and ternary particles were analyzed. These correlations are probing time reversal invariance, parity non-conservation and left-right asymmetries. Results for all three correlations from the reaction 233U(n,f) are presented. Especially the outcome in the searches for time reversal correlations and left-right asymmetries is unexpected. A huge effect observed formally as a violation of time reversal is most probably simulated by specific properties of the emission mechanism for ternary particles.
Pion-baryon couplings and SU(3)
2000-01-01

We have extended and applied a general QCD parameterization method to the emission of pions from baryons. We use it to calculate the strength and sign of the coupling of pions to the octet and decuplet of baryons. We first use SU(3) and then include SU(3)-breaking effects.
High-Dose Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Advanced Multiple Myeloma
2000-01-01

Is High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation the Standard Treatment for Multiple Myeloma? For many years, the Alexanian regimen with melphalan and prednisone (MP) has been considered the standard treatment for advanced myeloma. The response was about 40%, the median duration of response 2 years, that of survival 3 years [1]. D
Retrieval system for facilitated and safe extraction of resected specimen in minimally-invasive surgery
2000-01-01

The benefit of using retrieval systems in minimally-invasive surgery is to facilitate the removal of operative specimen, while minimising the contamination of the peritoneum and port-sites in the abdominal wall. We have developed an innovative retrieval system with a mechanism of action and design that differs widely from other devices. Its increased functionality is achieved by combining it with a laparoscopic instrument: the resected tissue is wrapped in plastic foil, rather than being entrapped in a bag. During delivery through the abdominal wall, permanent traction is exerted on the specimen and thus obstruction in the port-site is avoided. The retrieval system has been tested for impermeability and proven to be safe and able to avoid spillage of cells.
[Attitude formation: experienced ambivalence, subjective difficulty and response latency in evaluatively inconsistent, consistent and neutral information].
2000-01-01

Ambivalent attitudes simultaneously invoke positive and negative evaluations of a single object (e.g., Thompson, Zanna, & Griffin, 1995). Consequently, ambivalent attitudes towards unfamiliar objects should result from evaluative inconsistency of relevant information about the object (Jonas, Diehl, & Brömer, 1997). The present study shows that the formation of novel attitudes on the basis of evaluatively inconsistent information takes longer than the formation of attitudes based upon positive, negative, or neutral information. This impact of ambivalence should be mediated by the perceived difficulty of attitude formation. Need to Evaluate (Jarvis & Petty, 1996), a chronic tendency to form attitudes spontaneously, is assumed to moderate the level of ambivalence, as well as perceived difficulty and attitude response latencies. The hypothesis was tested in a within-subjects design (N = 30). An unfamiliar object was either described by strongly, moderately, or slightly evaluatively inconsistent information or by positive, negative, or neutral information. Furthermore, links to impression formation are illustrated and differences with regard to attitude formation are discussed.
PG 1618+563: A New Bright Pulsating sdB Star
2000-01-01

Recent observations at the NOT telescope clearly show that PG 1618+563 (hereafter PG 1618) is a new member of the EC 14026 class of sdB pulsating stars (Kilkenny et al. 1997, O'Donoghue et al. 1999).The very good quality of the non-filtered data allows to detect an amplitude modulation effect with a beat period of about 1.2 hours, which is consistent with the presence in the temporal spectrum of two close frequencies at 6.95 and 7.14 mHz 144 and 140s).The amplitudes are very low: between 1 and 2 mma.Moreover, from UBV data we find amplitude (and phase) differences, that could be useful for mode identification.
Differential expression of endothelial β-catenin and plakoglobin during development and maturation of the blood-brain and blood-retina barrier in the chicken
2000-01-01

The development of the blood-brain barrier depends upon the formation of a closely regulated system of adherens and tight junctions. A prerequisite for a functional junction system is the linkage of transmembrane adhesion receptors (cadherins) to the cytoskeleton via catenins. The localization of specific catenins at the adherens junction correlates with the stability of interendothelial contacts in vitro, but in vivo data are lacking thus far. Investigating brain angiogenesis in the chicken, we demonstrated that β-catenin, but not plakoglobin, initially codistributed with N-cadherin at the ablumenal endothelial membrane at contact sites to perivascular cells, from where both antigens disappeared during blood-brain barrier maturation. In contrast, plakoglobin was most prominent at the interendothelial junction where only small amounts of β-catenin were present. Western-blot analysis revealed a stronger developmental decrease of β-catenin than plakoglobin, whereas N-cadherin was completely lost. β-Catenin but not N-cadherin was reinduced in brain endothelial cells during dedifferentiation in vitro and localized to the interendothelial junctions. These first in vivo data support the hypothesis that endothelial β-catenin and N-cadherin are transiently relevant for the contact of brain endothelial to perivascular cells. Plakoglobin seems not to interact with N-cadherin but is exclusively localized at interendothelial junctions providing evidence for its role in the formation of stable adherens junctions, which may play a role for the initiation, and/or stabilization of tight junctions. Dev Dyn 2000;217:86–98. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Endothelin-Receptor Antagonists in Uremic Cardiomyopathy
2000-01-01

Summary: Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were found in patients with chronic renal failure. These correlate with the severity of renal failure. Patients with elevated ET-1 concentrations show an increased cardiovascular mortality. The prevalence of severe left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a very important factor for survival and morbidity in uremic patients The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of ET-receptor antagonists in chronic uremia. Sprague Dawley rats were subtotally nephrectomized (SNX) and treated either with the endothelin-A- (ETA) receptor antagonist LU302146 or with the unselective ETA/ETB-receptor antagonist LU302872 (30 mg/kgbw/day both). After subtotal nephrectomy protein excretion of SNX (130.0 ± 22.5 mg/24 h) was increased in comparison to the ETA-group (446 ± 103 mg/24 h) and the ETAB-group (23.2 ± 37 mg/24 h) vs sham: 115 ± 19 mg/24 h). Heart weight was decreased by the ETA/ETB-receptor antagonist LU302146. Left ventricular contractility was impaired in SNX by about 40% Treatment with the ET-receptor antagonists prevented the impairment in left ventricular function. Our study results provide a possible therapeutic approach using ET receptor antagonists to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and renal proteinuria. Further human studies are needed to show whether this protection of the heart and kidney might influence the survival and life-expectancy of patients suffering from chronic renal failure.
Chronically Elevated Endothelin-1 Concentrations Modulate the β-Adrenergic Receptor System In Vitro and In Vivo
2000-01-01

Summary: In atherosclerosis and heart failure chronically elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) plasma concentrations have been found which correlate with an increased mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronically elevated ET-1 concentrations in vitro on the expression of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR), the α-subunit of the stimulatory guanine-nucleotide-binding protein (Gsα), and to determine βAR's ability to activate adenylyl cyclase. In order to elucidate the effects of elevated ET-1 concentrations in vivo, male rats were infused with ET-1 and βAR density was measured. Smooth muscle cells were incubated with ET-1 (10−7 mol/l) for 6 to 48 h. Densities of βARs were determined by radioligand binding studies and the Gsα was analyzed by Western blotting. Isoproterenol-mediated adenylyl cyclase activity was measured. Additionally male rats were infused with ET-1 for 3 weeks. In vitro the βAR density increased by 52% (p < 0.05, n = 5). The Gsα increased to 260%. The isoproterenol-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity was increased to 228%. In vivo, the pulmonary and myocardial βAR density was elevated by 43% and 97%, respectively. Chronic ET receptor activation induces a transregulation of βARs in vitro and in vivo.
β-Blockers of the Third Generation Inhibit Endothelin-1 Liberation, mRNA Production and Proliferation of Human Coronary Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells
2000-01-01

Summary: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays an important role in atherogenesis. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the effects of the third generation β-blockers nebivolol and carvedilol on ET-1 liberation, preproendothelin-1 production and on proliferation of human coronary cells. Human coronary endothelial (HEC) and smooth muscle cells (HCSMC) were grown with carvedilol or nebivolol (10−7-10−5 mol/l). Incubation for 1, 2 or 7 days resulted in an 80% concentration- and time-dependent reduction in HCSMC proliferation. β-blockers such as propranolol or metoprolol did not influence cell proliferation. Nebivolol (10−7 mol/l) inhibited accelerated HCSMC proliferation in the presence of growth factors such as transforming growth factor-β1 or platelet-derived growth factor BB. During incubation with nebivolol or carvedilol ET-1 secretion decreased. For nebivolol this is a result of a reduction in preproen-dothelin-1 mRNA levels. β-blockers of the third generation that reduce the cell proliferation and ET-1 secretion may represent strategies with great promise for antiproliferative therapy of coronary heart disease.
Experimental studies in hemo-and biocompatibility of artificial surfaces in cardiovascular surgery
2000-01-01

Already in 1890 Brown-Sequard investigated artificial blood circulation to the organs; however decades of basic research were carried out until, in 1954, Gibbon first successfully applied extracorporeal circulation (ECC) to a human with the aid of a heart-lung machine (HLM). In the early days of the development of ECC technology there were questions regarding the efficiency of the individual parts: most importantly the pumps and oxygenators. The plate or grid oxygenators then in use were replaced by the so-called bubble oxygenator. Since the latter functions on a completely different principle of oxygenation, it was not surprising that most of the investigations were conducted on the efficiency of the oxygenation involved. However, very soon both systems displayed problems regards hemolysis which in the end were met through the introduction of membrane oxygenators. When these oxygenators came into use it was not completely clear that they would bring with them a whole new range of problems, namely those of surface contact between the artificial membrane and the blood. Here, at the latest, it was to be shown that the problem of blood clotting and that of contact with artificial surfaces combined to form one big problem area. In recent years, it was thought that a way out of these difficulties had been found through the method of coating the membrane oxygenators with heparin, thus, solving both the problem caused by high heparin dosages and that of surface contact with the blood.
Hematologic Disorders Associated With Primary Mediastinal Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors
2000-01-05

In our study, approximately one in 17 patients with primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors was affected by a hematologic disorder, whereas no cases were seen among 334 patients with other extragonadal germ cell tumors. The hematologic disorder had a statistically significant impact on prognosis, with none of the 17 reported patients surviving for more than 2 years.
ChemInform Abstract: NH4CaCl3, the Reactive Intermediate Phase in a Synthesis of CaCl2.
2000-01-11

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TNF-α and Its Receptors Mediate Graft Rejection and Loss after Liver Transplantation
2000-01-12

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a pivotal role in the immune response and mediates inflammation by its receptors (TNF-RI and TNF-RII), as observed during rejection episodes and impaired graft function after liver transplantation. TNF-alpha and its receptors were analysed by an ELISA technique in serum samples from 77 consecutive liver transplantations in 63 patients. Samples were collected preoperatively from donors and recipients and then daily in the first two postoperative weeks. Peak levels of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII) in the first and second postoperative week correlated with the extent of reperfusion injury. Impaired graft functions correlated with high sTNF-RI levels preoperatively (> 5 ng/ml, p = 0.01) and in the postoperative period (> 16 ng/ml, p = 0.02). Significantly increased TNF-alpha (> 25 pg/ml, p = 0.009) and sTNF-RI levels (> 5 ng/ml, p = 0.05) were found in donors of grafts with a high rejection risk. Elevated levels of TNF-alpha in the postoperative period correlated with an increased rejection risk (> 90 pg/ml, p = 0.02). The activity of the immune system with high concentrations of TNF-alpha and its receptors both in the recipient and the transplant donor seems to play an essential role in allograft development.
Partial VP and split NP topicalization in German: an HPSG analysis
2000-01-13

In previous work (Hinrichs and Nakazawa 1989, 1993, 1994, forthcoming) we have presented an HPSG analysis of German VP structure that crucially relies on the notion of argument composition. The scope of that analysis was essentially restricted to those clause types which place the finite verb in sentence-final position. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis for the remaining clause types of German, specifically for assertion main clauses. This requires an account of the two syntactic phenomena that characterize assertion main clauses: 1. an account of topicalization which places a single constituent in sentence-initial constituent, and 2. an account of the so-called v2-position of the finite verb, which follows the topicalized constituent.