julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
Political Cycles in Active Labor Market Policies
2009-01-01

This paper examines how electoral motives and government ideology influence active labor market policies (ALMP). We present a model that explains how politicians strategically use ALMP to generate political cycles in unemployment and the budget deficit. Election-motivated politicians increase ALMP spending before elections irrespective of their party ideology. Leftwing politicians spend more on ALMP than rightwing politicians. We test the hypotheses derived from our model using German state data from 1985:1 to 2004:11. The results suggest that ALMP (job-creation schemes) were pushed before elections.
Improving Business Process Visualizations
2009-01-01

Between 10 to 30% of patients with coronary disease still suffer from symptoms of angina pectoris in contemporary clinical practice. This article summarizes analytic tools for measuring angina, as well as, its prevalence based on community based surveys, registries and in randomized controlled trials. Additionally, the impact of angina symptoms on patients' survival rates, functional status, quality of life and health-related costs is reviewed. The effectiveness of treatment, revascularization and medical therapies, on reducing angina symptoms is also reviewed.
The impact of iceberg orders in limit order books
2009-01-01

We examine the impact of iceberg orders on the price and order flow dynamics in limit order books. Iceberg orders allow traders to simultaneously hide a large portion of their order size and signal their interest in trading to the market. We show that when the market learns about iceberg orders they tend to strongly attract market orders consistent with iceberg orders facilitating the search for latent liquidity. The greater the fraction of an iceberg order that is executed the smaller its price impact consistent with liquidity rather than informed trading. The presence of iceberg orders is associated with increased trading consistent with a positive liquidity externality, but the reduced order book transparency associated with iceberg orders also creates an adverse selection cost for limit orders that may partly offset any gains.
Quantitative Spectral Analysis of Evolved Low-Mass Stars
2009-01-01

The hydrogen‐deficiency in extremely hot post‐AGB stars of spectral class PG1159 is probably caused by a (very) late helium‐shell flash or a AGB final thermal pulse that consumes the hydrogen envelope, exposing the usually‐hidden intershell region. Thus, the photospheric element abundances of these stars allow us to draw conclusions about details of nuclear burning and mixing processes in the precursor AGB stars. We compare predicted element abundances to those determined by quantitative spectral analyses performed with advanced non‐LTE model atmospheres. A good qualitative and quantitative agreement is found for many species (He, C, N, O, Ne, F, Si, Ar) but discrepancies for others (P, S, Fe) point at shortcomings in stellar evolution models for AGB stars. Almost all of the chemical trace elements in these hot stars can only be identified in the UV spectral range. The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and the Hubble Space Telescope played a crucial role for this research.
The propensity to patent with vertically differentiated products –an empirical investigation
2009-01-01

This paper empirically investigates a firm's propensity to patent. It thereby builds on a theoretical model on a firms' patenting decision in a market with vertically differentiated products. We deduce and empirically test several hypotheses from the theoretical results regarding patenting and rival's market entry decision presented in Zaby (2009). Our main finding is that in industries which are characterized by easy-to-use knowledge spillover, the technological lead of the inventor is reduced to such an extent that the propensity to patent increases. Furthermore, the intensity of patent protection has a delaying impact on rival's market entry.
LATTICE RESULTS ON GLUON AND GHOST PROPAGATORS IN LANDAU GAUGE
2009-01-01

We present clear evidence of strong effects of Gribov copies in Landau gauge\\ngluon and ghost propagators computed on the lattice at small momenta by\\nemploying a new approach to Landau gauge fixing and a more effective numerical\\nalgorithm. It is further shown that the new approach substantially decreases\\nnotorious finite-volume effects.\\n
Measuring Cognitive Competencies
2009-01-01

"The systematic of key cognitive competencies is of high scientific and societal relevance, as is the availability of high-quality data on cognitive competencies. In order to make well-informed decisions, politicians and educational authorities need high-quality data about the effectiveness of formal and non-formal educational environments. Similarly, researchers need strong data to test complex theoretical models about how individual biographies are shaped by the interplay between individual and institutional affordances and constraints. Innumerable data sets offer some form of information on competencies such as respondents' years at school and their school grades. Such data are relatively easy to collect. When it comes to making informed political and educational decisions, however, there are increasing calls for a more systematic use of standardized competence tests. The production, storage, and use of standardized test data on competencies in specific domains is expensive, complex, and time-consuming, however. This chapter argues that there is a paucity of adequate data on cognitive competencies in important domains, especially of longitudinal data from standardized competence tests, and that for many important questions there are no good alternatives to high-quality standardized tests of cognitive competencies. Furthermore, it outlines some challenges in the construction and application of standardized competence tests and makes several recommendations." (author's abstract)
Knowing More about Vocational Training. New Demands for Data and Research Infrastructure
2009-01-01

Modern societies depend on the successful and comprehensive provision of skills, and receiving vocational training in any form has been experienced by a majority of the population in younger cohorts. There has therefore been a constant demand for timely information about the various forms of training and their relations to a broader societal context. Over the recent decades, the patterns of participation in education and training have become more extended, more complex and more heterogeneous. Against this background, the paper discusses to what extent existing and projected data sources are suitable for investigating the relevant scientific and policy-related questions. Among these questions are: How does participation in training develop over the life course? What are the relative chances of receiving specific types of training; who, in particular, is likely to receive the most attractive types? Are training measures effective? When reviewing the current data situation, it becomes clear that progress has undoubtedly been made in the past few years. It is also obvious, however, that fundamental questions can presently not be answered on the basis of the available large-scale data on vocational education and training. Some key recommendations are presented.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS FOR READING CENTRES - Methods to Improve Quality and Compliance using Computerised Systems
2009-01-01

Reading centres are a concept to enhance the results and the acceptance of clinical trials. Computerised systems provide the possibility to improve reading centres in a significant way. However ophthalmic reading centres often do not fully use the potential of computerised systems. In this paper we show some of the advantages sophisticated software can provide over traditional methods like e-mail. The improvements can be structured in the following categories: Decreasing the chance of human mistakes; optimizing data exchange and data flow; enforcing SOPs and complex workflows; further improvements. Large parts of the proposed methods were successfully implemented in a proof of concept system for the Tuebingen ERG Reading Centre that can serve as a reading centre in large ophthalmologic multi-centre clinical trials.
Quantum Chemistry for Large Molecules: Linear-Scaling Mean-Field and Correlated Approaches
2009-01-01

A brief review of our work to attain linear scaling computational effort for Hartree‐Fock (HF), Density‐Functional Theory (DFT), and second‐order Mo/ller‐Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) is presented. While we describe linear‐scaling methods for calculating molecular response properties of large molecules for HF and DFT, we focus on energetics and energy gradients at the MP2 level. A key element of our approach is the use of multipole‐based integral estimates (MBIE) which allow to rigorously preselect four‐center two‐electron integrals ubiquitous in quantum chemistry. MBIE does not only account for the exponential coupling between basis functions forming charge distributions, but also for the 1/R coupling between the charge distributions. In context of an atomic‐orbital based formulation of MP2 theory, the MBIE preselection of significant contributions opens the way to achieve linear scaling, while numerical errors remain fully controlled. The largest system computed sofar at the MP2 level is a DNA strand with 16 base pairs, 1052 atoms, and 10 674 basis functions.
HIRDES—The High-Resolution Double-Echelle Spectrograph for WSO-UV
2009-01-01

We introduce the High‐Resolution Double‐Echelle Spectrograph (HIRDES), which is planned to be the main instrument for the World Space Observatory Ultraviolet (WSO‐UV), a 1.7 m UV telescope. Within HIRDES the 102–310 nm spectral band is split to feed two echelle spectrographs covering the UV range 174–310 nm and the vacuum‐UV range 102–176 nm with high spectral resolution (R>50000). The technical concept is based on the heritage of two previous ORFEUS SPAS missions. We describe results of the phase‐B1 development activities.
Effect of nuclear deformation on double beta decay
2009-01-01

The existing ways of accounting for deformation in recent calculations of neutrinoless double beta decay matrix elements are discussed. From an analysis of relevant experimental data it is argued that only 150Nd reveals convincing evidences of strong static deformation, which should eventually be taken into account in QRPA calculations. A proposal which allows in principle to measure the neutrino less double beta decay Fermi matrix element is briefly described.
Neutron Star Model Atmospheres
2009-01-01

Determination of neutron star (NS) parameters is an important astrophysical problem. The stellar radius depends on the mass and the equation of state (EOS) in the NS core, which is not well known. Therefore, with masses and radii inferred from observations we are able to select between various theories for the EOS. Theoretical models of NS spectra are needed for this purpose.
Fission modes of heavy and superheavy nuclei
2009-01-01

Mass and energy distributions of fission fragments for spontaneous and low energy fission of nuclei with Z = 98–112 are discussed. The dependence of fragment characteristics (symmetric and asymmetric mass, low and high kinetic energy, bimodal) on nucleon composition of the compound nucleus and on the structure of fission fragments is investigated.
Spectral Analysis of the sdOB Primary of the Post Common-Envelope Binary LB 3459 (AA Dor)
2009-01-01

LB 3459 is an eclipsing, close, post common‐envelope binary consisting of a sdOB‐type post‐EHB primary star (M1 = 0.45M⊙) and a low‐mass M dwarf secondary star (M2 = 0.076M⊙). A NLTE spectral analysis of FUSE observations has shown that the rotation of the primary is bound with 35±10 km/sec. Phosphorus and sulfur are newly identified in the FUSE observations. The abundances are solar and 0.01 times solar, respectively.
Abundances in Hot Evolved Stars
2009-01-01

The hydrogen‐deficiency in extremely hot post‐AGB stars of spectral class PG1159 is probably caused by a (very) late helium‐shell flash or a AGB final thermal pulse that consumes the hydrogen envelope, exposing the usually‐hidden intershell region. Thus, the photospheric element abundances of these stars allow us to draw conclusions about details of nuclear burning and mixing processes in the precursor AGB stars. We compare predicted element abundances to those determined by quantitative spectral analyses performed with advanced non‐LTE model atmospheres. A good qualitative and quantitative agreement is found for many species (He, C, N, O, Ne, F, Si, Ar) but discrepancies for others (P, S, Fe) point at shortcomings in stellar evolution models for AGB stars. Almost all of the chemical trace elements in these hot stars can only be identified in the UV spectral range. The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and the Hubble Space Telescope played a crucial role for this research.
Magnetic Torsional Oscillations in Magnetars
2009-01-01

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Hajime Sotani, Kostas D. Kokkotas, Nikolaos Stergioulas; Magnetic Torsional Oscillations in Magnetars. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 May 2009; 1122 (1): 400–403. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3141338 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Total solvent amount and human panel test predictions using gas sensor fast chromatography and multivariate linear and non-linear processing
2009-01-01

Data from a Gas Sensor based Chromatography instrument is used in order to replicate output from a human panel and the estimation of the total solvent amount measured by and FID device in a packaging application. The system is trained on different packaging sample properties and validated with unseen combinations of materials, varnishes and production processes. This contribution will show the difficulties on the prediction of the output of the human panel, and the success on the prediction of the total amount of solvent in the sample
A Bulk and Thermal Comptonization Model for the Accreting Pulsar 4U 0115+63
2009-01-01

Highly magnetized pulsars accreting matter in a binary system are bright sources in the X‐ray band (0.1–100 keV). Despite the early comprehension of the basic emission mechanism, usually their spectral energy distribution is described by phenomenological or simplified models.Here, we study the spectral energy distribution of the high mass X‐ray binary pulsar 4U 0115+63, using a thermal and bulk Comptonization model based on the physical properties of the object. We analyze the Beppo‐SAX data of the 1999 giant outburst, taken 12 days after the maximum in the energy range 0.7–100 keV. We focus first on the average emission, and then on the phase resolved spectra. The emission can be modeled as a two component continuum with contributions due to (i) thermal and bulk Comptonization of seed photons produced by cyclotron cooling in the accretion column, and (ii) thermal Comptonization by a lower energy plasma surrounding the base of the column. We find that the magnetic field strength implied by the cyclotron seed photons is lower than the magnetic field responsible for producing the cyclotron absorption lines, supporting the hypothesis of a spatial offset between these two regions. The ongoing phase resolved analysis evidences how most of the emission in the main peak comes from the column, while the low energy component gives a nearly constant contribution throughout the phase.
The Impact of FUSE on our Understanding of Stellar Post-AGB Evolution
2009-01-01

State‐of‐the‐art non‐LTE spectral analysis requires high‐resolution and high‐S/N observations of strategic metal lines in order to achieve reliable photospheric parameters like, e.g., effective temperature, surface gravity, and element abundances.Hot stars with effective temperatures higher than about 40 000 K exhibit their metal‐line spectrum arising from highly ionized species predominantly in the (far) ultraviolet wavelength range.FUSE observations of hot, compact stars provided the necessary data. With these, it has been, e.g., possible to identify fluorine for the first time in observations of post‐AGB stars. The evaluation of ionization equilibria of highly ionized neon, phosphorus, sulfur, and argon provides a new sensitive tool to determine effective temperatures of the hottest stars precisely. Moreover, abundance determinations have put constraints on stellar evolutionary models which, in turn, have improved greatly our picture of post‐AGB evolution.
Knowledge exchange as a motivational problem
2009-01-01

In many situations of computer-supported collaborative learning, it is a challenge to increase the willingness of those involved to share their knowledge with other group members. To study a prototype of such a situation of computer-supported information exchange, we arranged a shared database setting as a basis of an empirical research program. This knowledge-exchange situation represented a social dilemma: while contributing information to a shared database led to costs and provided no immediate benefit to the individual, the entire group suffered when all members decided to withhold information. A series of experiments identified a multitude of influencing factors in this situation: group size, awareness of the importance of information, costs of entering information, use-related bonus systems, feedback and recommendations, and group awareness. This paper describes the impact of these factors on people's willingness to share their knowledge with their cooperators, and concludes with a discussion of some practical consequences.
Using rotation thromboelastometry to analyse coagulation disturbances in congenital heart surgery
2009-01-01

Objectives: Cardiac surgery employing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) can induce a coagulopathy and bleeding complications, which may be especially severe in infants. Patient management may be improved by quickly finding causes for coagulation disturbances peri-operatively. This study aimed to monitor coagulation defects during congenital heart surgery using rotation thromboelastometry (ROTEM®).
Efficacy of switching to Entecavir in chronic HBV patients with low-level replication under Adefovir Dipivoxil
2009-01-01

Eleven patients with chronic HBV infection (8 HBeAg positive), and persistent viral replication after a mean of 24 months of Adefovir (ADV) monotherapy (range 9–42 months) were switched to Entecavir (ETV) monotherapy either with 0.5 or 1mg daily and retrospectively analyzed for changes in HBV viral load (log10 IU/ml). Mean exposure to ETV was 11.5 months (range 4–24 months). Differences were checked for significance using student’s t-test.
Cyclic AMP increases cytoplasmic free calcium in renin-secreting cells from rat kidney
2009-01-01

The renin-secreting juxtaglomerular cells (JGC) in the media of the afferent arteriole at the vessel pole are the major source of circulating renin. The control of renin secretion is complex with increases in cAMP being the major stimulus and increases in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) being inhibitory. We measured [Ca2+]i in the afferent arteriole from mostly JGC. Manoeuvres that increase cAMP (e.g. isoproterenol) or dibutyryl-cAMP elicited an increase in [Ca2+]i which was approximately 40% of that induced by angiotensin II (3 nmol/l). The Ca2+ response occurred in 50-90% of the cases, and increasing the stimulus increased responder frequency but not response size. The response was (almost) abolished by removal of extracellular Ca2+, prevented by inhibitors of store-operated Ca2+ channels (Gd3+ and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl-borate), but was unaffected by isradipine or protein kinase A inhibitors. It was not produced by an activator of EPACs (exchange protein activated by cAMP) and was not accompanied by changes in membrane potential. The data suggest that in rat JGC, cAMP, perhaps directly, activates store-operated Ca2+ channels to increase [Ca2+]i. One could speculate that this increase in [Ca2+]i serves to finely adjust the stimulating effect cAMP-increasing signals on the renin-angiotensin system.
Disseminating Applied Anthropology and Practice Through SBIR Grants
2009-01-01

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jill Lackey, Erin Malcolm, Kathrin Schmid, Jeff Thomas, Fred Bloom; Disseminating Applied Anthropology and Practice Through SBIR Grants. Practicing Anthropology 1 January 2009; 31 (1): 21–24. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/praa.31.1.w58476164p7565q6 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest Search
Comparison of palonosetron (PALO) plus dexamethasone on day 1, with or without dexamethasone on days 2 and 3, in the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline/cyclophosphamide regimens.
2009-01-01

Abstract Abstract #4088 BACKGROUND PALO is a selective and potent serotonin antagonist, with a pharmacologically different structure and binding affinity compared to older 5-HT3 receptors antagonists. Multiple studies with PALO have demonstrated better efficacy in preventing emesis throughout the 5 days after moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy (CT) compared to ondansetron, dolasetron or granisetron.&amp;#x2028; METHODS This was a phase 4, double-blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel study, in 300 CT naïve patients with breast cancer receiving cyclophosphamide &amp;lt;1500 mg/m2 or anthracycline (epirubicin or doxorubicin) alone or in combination. The study aimed to determine whether the efficacy during the 0-120 hr (overall) period after CT, of a PALO single-dose 0.25mg IV administered 30 minutes before CT plus dexamethasone 8 mg IV approximately 1 hr before CT on day 1 (PALO/DEX/Placebo), was non-inferior to the same day 1 regimen followed by DEX 4 mg orally twice daily on days 2 and 3 (PALO/DEX/DEX). The primary endpoint was complete response (CR), defined as no emesis and no rescue therapy, in the overall phase. Emesis, nausea, use of rescue antiemetics, and functional impact were secondary endpoints. Adverse events (AEs) were documented to monitor safety.&amp;#x2028; RESULTS This study showed non-inferiority in CR rates between the two groups in the overall phase, and in the acute and delayed phases (Table I).&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; There were no significant differences between groups for no emesis and no nausea rates. Rates of AEs were similar in the two groups, with no serious drug-related AEs reported.&amp;#x2028; CONCLUSIONS The comparable results between the two groups support the efficacy of PALO plus DEX administration on day 1 only, with no benefit shown for additional doses of dexamethasone. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4088.
Platelet reactivity in paediatric cardiac surgery: Should pharmacological platelet protection be performed during cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia in young infants?
2009-01-01

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and hypothermia cause platelet activation and dysfunction, which can contribute to thrombotic events as well as bleeding during cardiac surgery. Short-acting platelet inhibitor administration can protect platelets against CPB- and hypothermia-induced damage. In young infants, however, platelets are immature and may therefore be hyporeactive during cardiac surgery. Hence, it is unclear from what age pharmacological platelet protection may be beneficial. This study aimed to measure effects of CPB and hypothermia on platelet activation in young infants.