julilili42/papers huggingface dataset:
ASSEMBLAGES OF Ag-Bi SULFOSALTS AND CONDITIONS OF THEIR FORMATION: THE TYPE LOCALITY OF SCHAPBACHITE (Ag0.4Pb0.2Bi0.4S) AND NEIGHBORING MINES IN THE SCHWARZWALD ORE DISTRICT, SOUTHERN GERMANY
2010-06-01

Several examples of hydrothermal vein-type mineralization with matildite, schapbachite, ourayite, eskimoite, berryite, benjaminite, miharaite, and gustavite occur along the Northern Kinzigtal Fault (NKF) in the Schwarzwald ore district, in southwestern Germany. The complex history of naming of the sulfosalts schapbachite and matildite is shortly revisited here. The sequence of mineralization starts with gustavite, ourayite and eskimoite, followed by native bismuth and bismuthinite. These assemblages are overgrown or replaced by a cubic solid-solution of the Ag–Bi–Pb sulfosalt, schapbachite, which later exsolved into galena and matildite. Subsequently, this intergrowth was again overgrown by berryite, benjaminite, chalcopyrite and tennantite. The temperature of formation of the sulfosalt assemblages straddles the conversion of schapbachite (cubic AgBiS 2 ) to matildite (hexagonal AgBiS 2 ). The upper limit based on untwinned acanthite is 179°C, whereas recalculated compositions of schapbachite–galena intergrowths from various localities indicate a formation temperature above 144°C. Calculated fields of stability of matildite show that it is stabilized by higher temperatures or by its solid solution with PbS in favor of an assemblage of Bi- and Ag-sulfide, and by a high sulfur activity, low pH and an f (O 2 ) around the hematite–magnetite buffer in favor of the more common assemblage of native bismuth and native silver.
Synthesis and characterization of 1,8(11),15(18),22(25)-tetraglycosylated zinc(II) phthalocyanines
2010-06-01

In continuation of our work on glycosylated phthalocyanines, a new series of 1,8(11),15(18),22(25)-tetraglycosylated zinc(II) phthalocyanines (PcZns) have been synthesized and characterized. 3-glycosylated phthalonitriles were synthesized through nitrite displacement in 3-nitrophthalonitrile with anomerically deprotected glycoses. The anomerically glycosylated phthalonitriles were then treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), trimethylsilyltriflate (TMSOTf) and zinc salt in DMF to form the corresponding acetyl-protected PcZns, followed by deprotection of acetyl groups by NaOMe in methanol/DMSO mixture. The formed unprotected tetraglycosylated PcZns are highly soluble in water, which is a necessary condition for potential biological applications.
Early Neurologic Outcome after Bovine Pericardium versus Venous Patch Angioplasty in 599 Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy
2010-06-01

Bovine pericardium was compared to great saphenous vein patch angioplasty regarding the neurologic events after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with or without concomitant cardiac surgery (CS). From January 1996 to December 2007, 599 patients undergoing CEA (259 with concomitant CS) were enrolled; 456 patients were treated with the great saphenous vein (GSV group) and 143 were treated with bovine pericardium (BP group). Neurologic outcome and Rankin score (RS) were recorded after 24 hours and 30 days. We found comparable rates of neurologic complications (transient ischemic attack, stroke) between the two groups. Thirty-day mortality was 4% (17 of 456 patients) in the GSV group and 0% in the BP group ( p = .12). None of the patients died as a consequence of a fatal stroke. Preoperative RS was a prognostic factor for postoperative neurologic deterioration ( p = .001). Early neurologic outcome was comparable for the two types of patch material. Preoperative RS predicted postoperative neurologic deterioration.
Effects of Steam-Distilled Shoot Extract ofTagetes minuta(Asterales: Asteraceae) and Entomopathogenic Fungi on LarvalTetanops myopaeformis
2010-06-01

Interactions of a biopesticidal formulation of steam distilled shoot extract of Mexican marigold, Tagetes minuta, and entomopathogenic fungi were evaluated for management of the sugarbeet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis (Röder). Shoot extract plus surfactant (E-Z Mulse) (=T. minuta oil) was used in a 65:35 ratio to test the hypothesis that this fungicidal and nematocidal biopesticide causes dose-dependent mortality and developmental arrest of T. myopaeformis but does not interfere with the action of entomopathogenic fungi when applied together. A soil-petri dish bioassay system was developed to test the hypothesis. For diapausing, nonfeeding but active 12-mo-old third-instar larvae, 0.5% T. minuta oil treatment (=0.325% active ingredient [AI]) was sufficient to prevent pupation without mortality, but 0.75% T. minuta oil treatment (=0.458% AI) was lethal for 93% of the test insects. The effect of T. minuta oil on fungal efficacy under simultaneous use was studied using a model system of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin. TM28 and Metarhizium anisopliae variety anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin MA 1200, in a soil-based bioassay with larval sugarbeet root maggots. No adverse effects of T. minuta oil on action of entomopathogenic fungi and no synergy were found; an additive effect of the T. minuta oil and each fungal isolate separately was found.
Discontinuity and Non-Projectivity: Using Mildly Context-Sensitive Formalisms for Data-Driven Parsing.
2010-06-01

We present a parser for probabilistic Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems and use it for constituency and dependency treebank pars-ing. The choice of LCFRS, a formalism with an extended domain of locality, enables us to model discontinuous constituents and non-projective dependencies in a straight-forward way. The parsing results show that, firstly, our parser is efficient enough to be used for data-driven parsing and, secondly, its result quality for constituency parsing is comparable to the output quality of other state-of-the-art results, all while yielding structures that display dis-continuous dependencies. 1
Gapping through TAG derivation trees
2010-06-01

This work provides a TAG account of gapping in English, based on a novel deletion-like op-eration that is referred to as de-anchoring. De-anchoring applies onto elementary trees, but it is licensed by the derivation tree in two ways. Firstly, de-anchored trees must be linked to the root of the derivation tree by a chain of adjunc-tions, and the sub-graph of de-anchored nodes in a derivation tree must satisfy certain inter-nal constraints. Secondly, de-anchoring must be licensed by the presence of a homomorphic antecedent derivation tree. 1
What macroeconomic shocks affect the German banking system?
2010-06-01

Purpose The paper is to understand how the financial system is influenced by macroeconomic shocks and how the financial stance, in turn, feeds back into the macroeconomic environment is key for policy makers. The most recent financial crisis has demonstrated the need for a deeper understanding of these interdependencies. The purpose of this paper is to analyze what macroeconomic shocks affect the soundness of the German banking system. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on a micro‐macro stress‐testing framework for the German banking system in which macroeconomic and bank‐specific data are used to identify the effects of various shocks in a structural vector autoregressive model, which includes main macroeconomic variables and an indicator of stress in the banking system. To this end, the sign‐restriction approach is applied. Findings First, it is found that there is a close link between macroeconomic developments and the stance of the banking sector. Second, monetary policy shocks are the most influential shocks for distress in the banking sector. Third, fiscal policy shocks and real estate price shocks have a significant impact on the distress indicator, while evidence is mixed for the exchange rate. Fourth, for the identification of most shocks it is essential to work in the integrated model that combines the micro‐ and the macro‐sphere. Originality/value The paper analyzes various shock scenarios in an integrated micro‐macro framework that takes the mutual relationship between the financial stance and the macroeconomic environment into account.
Study of the isobar configurations in the 12C and 16O ground states
2010-06-01

Experimental research on positive-pion photoproduction on the oxygen nucleus in the 16O(γ, π+p) reaction at high recoil momenta of the residual nuclear system was performed. The yield for the 16O(γ, π+p) reaction was analyzed using a model that takes Δ-isobar configurations in nuclei ground states into account, together with the earlier-measured yield of the12C(γ, π+p) reaction. The estimated number of isobars per nucleon N Δ = 0.012 ± 0.005 was obtained for the 12C nucleus, and 16O N Δ = 0.018 ± 0.004 was obtained for the 16O nucleus.
FC10 Sorafenib and pegylated interferon alpha 2b in advanced metastatic melanoma: a multicenter phase II DeCOG trial
2010-06-01

Background There is no standard of care for advanced metastatic melanoma (MM). Therefore the combination of a multi-kinase inhibitor such as sorafenib, and pegylated interferon alfa-2b (PegIFN), as previously used in renal cell cancer with some success, could potentially lead to an improved anti-tumoral response. Methods Patients (pts) with previously untreated (excluding immunotherapy in the adjuvant setting), stage IV MM without brain metastasis, ECOG performance status 0–1 were eligible. All pts received PegIFN 3 μg/kg weekly once per week, and sorafenib 400 mg BID until progressive disease (PD). The primary endpoint was disease control rate (DCR) defined as CR+PR+SD after 8 weeks of treatment. Results From February 2008 to February 2009, 55 pts were enrolled (ITT population). The median age was 64 years (range: 20–85); Pts were categorized as following: stage IV M1a/b/c=3/9/43. 41 pts (75%) received at least 8 weeks of treatment. Prior to 8 weeks evaluation, 9 pts withdrew due to toxicity, 2 revoked consent, and 3 had overt PD. At 8 weeks, 3 pts (5.5%) had a PR, 14 (25.5%) had a SD, resulting in a 31% DCR. Median PFS in these pts was 2.1 months (95% CI: 1.9–2.3). The toxicity of this combination was mainly haematological. Serious brain and GI bleeding complications occurred in 4 pts, where 2 had a fatal outcome. Other grade 3/4 toxicities were fatigue and flu-like symptoms. Conclusion The combination of sorafenib and PegIFN showed modest clinical activity and some serious side effects including fatal bleeding complications. Due to these findings further testing of this combination is not warranted.
Zur Interpretation adnominaler Genitive bei nominalisierten Infinitiven im Deutschen
2010-06-01

Abstract The argumental status of verbal participants in event nominalizations is still under debate. Investigating syntactic and semantic properties of referentially interpreted genitive noun phrases related to German nominalized infinitives (= NI), cf. das Stören der Mannschaft (‘the disturbing the team- gen ’), I will argue in favor of different interpretative mechanisms at stake: whereas themes retain their argumental status in the nominal domain, agents are not lambda-bound in the argument structure of NI. Instead, the corresponding participant is a modifier whose agentive interpretation is motivated merely conceptually. Evidence for the proposed asymmetric analysis comes from two sources: it will be shown that the alleged agentive genitive contributes a possessive relation not identical to the verbal agentive interpretation. The conceptual preference for an identification with the verbal agent will be accounted for by abductive reasoning thereby explaining the modifier's argument-like behavior. In addition, as data on NI from different sources reveal, the genitive interpretation is mainly conditioned by lexical properties of the base verb. In particular, it will be shown that a postnominal agentive interpretation is bound to configurations where the theme is independently predicted optional. These findings follow from the proposed asymmetry.
Molecular epidemiology of melanoma
2010-06-01

A number of large epidemiologic studies could clearly show a correlation between UV exposure and development of benign melanocytic nevi and melanoma. However, on a molecular level this correlation is not clear. About 60 to 80% of melanocytic tumors harbor a BRAF V600E mutation, caused most frequently by a non-UV signature T to A transversion. Moreover, melanomas from skin with the highest cumulative UV damage show a significantly lower frequency of BRAF mutations than melanomas from intermittently sun exposed skin. Here we present melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) germline variants as a susceptibility factor specifically for BRAF mutated melanoma. This provides a paradigm of molecular epidemiology: susceptibility genes may only affect certain molecular subtypes of cancer. Moreover effects of UV exposure patterns and body site on BRAF mutation frequencies will be discussed. A better understanding of the correlation between UV-exposure and BRAF mutations is required to understand the pathways of melanoma development.
P35 Status quo of the S3 guideline ‘Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of melanoma’ in Germany
2010-06-01

Introduction Guidelines are important tools to transfer new research results into evidence-based recommendations and to assist physicians in patient care. The development of high quality guidelines requires systematic search, selection, critical appraisal and synthesis of the current evidence as well as a broad consensus of an interdisciplinary group of experts in order to translate the evidence into specific recommendations. Currently an evidence based melanoma guideline is under development in Germany. Methods The German Guideline ‘Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-up of Melanoma’ is supported by the German Guideline program in Oncology (GGPO) which was launched in 2008 under the auspices of the German Cancer Society, the German Cancer Aid and the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies. A major goal of this program is to foster and independently fund the development, implementation and evaluation of oncological guidelines. First working steps are a systematic search of existing international melanoma guidelines, setting up the basic structure including scope and key questions for the guideline and forming an interdisciplinary guideline development group. Within the first consensus meeting the guideline development group is faced with the selection of key questions, the determination of the methodic approach and the formation of different working groups. Subsequently a systematic literature review and assessment of the evidence provide the basis for the development of recommendations by the working groups. In a second consensus conference these recommendations have to be discussed and processed by a formal consensus technique. After compilation of the final text of the guideline additional materials for health professionals and patients will be generated to indorse dissemination and implementation of the guideline. Finally, quality indicators will be extracted from the guideline recommendations to create a base for evaluation of the guideline's effect on health care. Results The results of the first consensus meeting (held at Berlin 7th may) including guideline structure, key questions and consented methodic approach will be presented. Key recommendations of international high quality guidelines which were identified as capable for adaptation will be introduced.
SIFT vs. SOFT — A comparison of feature and correlation based rotation estimation for panoramic images
2010-06-01

Orientation estimation based on image data is a key technique in many applications. Robust estimates are possible in case of omnidirectional images due to the large field of view of the camera. Traditionally, techniques based on local image features have been applied to this kind of problem. Another very efficient technique is to formulate the problem in terms of correlation on the sphere and to solve it in Fourier space. While both methods claim to provide accurate and robust estimates, a quantitative comparison has not been reported yet. In this paper we evaluate the two approaches in terms of accuracy, image resolution and robustness to noise by comparing the estimated rotations of virtual as well as real images to ground-truth data.
FC12 Long term follow-up of 72 melanoma patients after intratumoral treatment with interleukin-2: favorable survival and high rate of objective responses upon subsequent chemotherapy
2010-06-01

Systemic high dose Interleukin-2 (IL-2) achieves long-term survival in a subset of advanced melanoma patients. As we reported previously, intratumorally applied IL-2 induced complete local responses of all metastases in more than 60% of patients and may be regarded as a promising local treatment option for patients with surgically not curable dermal metastases (Weide et al. Cancer in press). Unexpectedly, we observed frequent objective responses to the first chemotherapy after intratumoral IL-2 and favorable survival rates. This prompted us to ask whether there might be also a beneficial systemic effect after the local IL-2 treatment. Therefore we now reanalyzed the long term outcome of a combined cohort including patients with up to 11 years of follow-up after start of intratumoral IL-2 treatment of a previous study conducted at our institution. For the analysis of long term outcome 72 patients were evaluable. Among them 30 received chemotherapy subsequent to intratumoral IL-2. In more than 10 patients an objective response was observed. Overall survival was favorable particularly for stage IIIb and stage IV M1a patients. Updated survival data will be presented. These data are indicative for a systemic mode of action of locally applied IL-2. Further studies are required to investigate the mode of action and the impact on survival.
Advanced Dermatoscopy Course
2010-06-01

Dermatoscopy or dermoscopy is a diagnostic technique that allows an accurate recognition of skin tumours and other skin diseases. In the diagnosis of melanoma its positive impact has been demonstrated with maximum level of evidence. It has been incorporated in the last evidence based guidelines of melanoma in Australia and New Zealand and most recently in the European guidelines. Dermatologists in all continents and also general practitioners devoted to skin cancer in some countries have a dermatoscope in their pocket. As any diagnostic tool dermatoscopy requires formal training that is implemented in many scenarios with courses in any country and in the international arena. In addition to this the number of scientific publications is growing every day with the description of new criteria in old and new entities including skin cancer but also infection and inflammatory skin diseases. For these reasons learning activities are of major value. In this course devoted to dermatoscopists with some skills in the technique, a wide spectrum of topics will be presented by experts in the field. This will include new insights in melanoma and other skin cancer, new evolving concepts in nevo and melanogenesis and genetic syndromes and description of criteria in non-tumour skin diseases. Active participation of the audience with open discussion will be introduced in multiple sessions with interactive cases that will be presented to the participants. Learning objectives Following the course the attendee will be able to: (1) Recognise clues for the diagnosis of difficult skin tumours (2) Benefit form the application of dermatoscopy in general dermatology (3) Apply dermatoscopy in the clinical management of genetic disorders
Controlling the interaction of photons and single molecules in a &#x03BB;/2-microresonator
2010-06-01

Optical microresonators are structures which confine light to a small region in the range of one wavelength. A practical design for a single-mode microresonator is formed by two silver mirrors enclosing a transparent dielectric medium with single quantum emitters. The radiation of a quantum emitter is coupled to cavity resonances which leads to an optical confinement of the broadband fluorescence. Using a tunable microresonator, we were able to actively change the optical properties of an embedded single molecule. The radiative coupling of the emitter to the electromagnetic field is also determined by the orientation of its transition dipole moment with respect to the cavity normal. We describe here a method to determine the 3D-orientation and position of quantum emitters embedded in the microresonator. In addition, this method can be used to detect the longitudinal position of a fluorescent bead in the microresonator with an accuracy of a few nanometers. We will also present first experiments on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) control on the DsRed protein system in a microresonator.
Combination of Brain-Computer Interface Training and Goal-Directed Physical Therapy in Chronic Stroke: A Case Report
2010-06-02

Background. There is no accepted and efficient rehabilitation strategy to reduce focal impairments for patients with chronic stroke who lack residual movements. Methods . A 67-year-old hemiplegic patient with no active finger extension was trained with a brain—computer interface (BCI) combined with a specific daily life—oriented physiotherapy. The BCI used electrical brain activity (EEG) and magnetic brain activity (MEG) to drive an orthosis and a robot affixed to the patient’s affected upper extremity, which enabled him to move the paralyzed arm and hand driven by voluntary modulation of μ-rhythm activity. In addition, the patient practiced goal-directed physiotherapy training. Over 1 year, he completed 3 training blocks. Arm motor function, gait capacities (using Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Wolf Motor Function Test, Modified Ashworth Scale, 10-m walk speed, and goal attainment score), and brain reorganization (functional MRI, MEG) were repeatedly assessed. Results. The ability of hand and arm movements as well as speed and safety of gait improved significantly (mean 46.6%). Improvement of motor function was associated with increased μ-oscillations in the ipsilesional motor cortex. Conclusion. This proof-of-principle study suggests that the combination of BCI training with goal-directed, active physical therapy may improve the motor abilities of chronic stroke patients despite apparent initial paralysis.
Long‐term remission after cessation of interferon‐α treatment in patients with severe uveitis due to Behçet's disease
2010-06-02

Abstract Objective To retrospectively assess the development of visual acuity and the frequency and duration of relapse‐free periods in patients who were treated with interferon‐α (IFNα) for severe uveitis due to Behçet's disease (BD) and who completed a followup period of ≥2 years. Methods IFN alfa‐2a was administered at an initial dosage of 6 million IU per day, then tapered to a maintenance dosage of 3 million IU twice per week, and finally discontinued, if possible. In case of a relapse, IFN treatment was repeated. Visual acuity at the end of followup was compared with visual acuity when ocular disease was in remission. Results Of 53 patients (96 eyes), 52 (98.1%) responded to IFN. In 47 patients (88.7%), IFN could be discontinued when the disease was in remission. Twenty of these 47 (42.6%) needed a second treatment course during a median followup of 6.0 years (range 2.0–12.6 years). Visual acuity improved or remained unchanged in 91 eyes (94.8%). Ocular disease was still in remission in 50% of the patients 45.9 months after cessation of the first IFN course. The relapse rate tended to be lower in women than in men. The BD activity score decreased significantly during followup, but long‐term remission of nonocular BD manifestations was not achieved. However, since local treatments were sufficient, no systemic treatment was administered. Conclusion Our findings indicate that IFNα induces long‐lasting remission in patients with severe ocular BD, resulting in a notable improvement in visual prognosis.