context: Khaled Atef Abdel Ghaffar, Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research, succeeding his predecessor, Ashraf Al-Shehhi. [1] [2] He was heading the Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnostic and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University from 2009 to November 2015. [3] He took the position of Dean of Dental Medicine Ain Shams in 2014, where he contributed to the introduction of the latest devices in dental treatment in university hospitals. [4] He was appointed Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research Affairs, received the State Encouragement Prize in Medical Sciences, and published 20 papers in international periodicals and magazines. [5]
question: Who is the Minister of Higher Education in Egypt?
answers.text: Khaled Atef Abdel Ghaffar