context: The inventor of the thermometer is considered to be Galileo: in his own works there is no description of this device, but his students, Nelly and Viviani, testified that already in 1597 he did something like a thermobaroscope (thermoscope). Galileo studied at that time the work of Heron of Alexandria, who already described such a device, but not for measuring the degrees of heat, but for raising water by heating. The thermoscope was a small glass ball with a glass tube soldered to it. The ball was slightly heated and the end of the tube was lowered into a vessel of water. After some time, the air in the ball cooled, its pressure decreased, and water under the influence of atmospheric pressure rose up to a certain height in the tube. Subsequently, during warming, the air pressure in the ball increased and the water level in the tube decreased during cooling, while the water in it rose. Using a thermoscope, it was possible to judge only about a change in the degree of heating of the body: he did not show the numerical values ​​of temperature, since he did not have a scale. In addition, the water level in the tube depended not only on temperature, but also on atmospheric pressure. In 1657, the Galileo thermoscope was improved by Florentine scientists. They equipped the device with a scale of beads and pumped air out of the reservoir (ball) and the tube. This allowed not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively compare the temperature of the bodies. Subsequently, the thermoscope was changed: it was turned upside down with a ball, and instead of water, brandy was poured into the tube and the vessel was removed. The action of this device was based on the expansion of bodies; the temperatures of the hottest summer and coldest winter days were taken as “constant” points.
question: Who invented the thermometer?
answers.text: Galileo