context: The Roman Empire (often Ancient Rome) was an extensive empire based on the ancient city-state of Rome, encompassing the entire Mediterranean. The earliest signs of settlement in the city of Rome date back to the 13th century BC. [1] Urbanization must have begun in the 7th century BC. Over the centuries, Rome developed into a world power around the Mediterranean. In 395 the kingdom was divided into two, western and eastern Roman empires, but Western Rome was already defeated in 476, when its last emperor was ousted. Attempts to unify the Roman Empire, led by Eastern Rome, ended with the rise of Islam in the 6th century. Yet Eastern Rome, or Byzantium, existed, albeit in a much smaller area, until the Turkish occupation of Constantinople in 1453. [2] In addition, the Trebizond Empire survived until 1461 and the Principality of Theodoro until 1475.
question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?
answers.text: Ancient Rome