jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
7.4.7.2. Size and Spacing of Cleanouts (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), on drainage piping of 4 in. size and smaller, the minimum size cleanout opening shall be the same size as the drainage pipe and on drainage piping larger than the 4 in. size, the cleanout opening shall be 4 in. or larger and the maximum spacing between cleanouts on horizontal pipe shall be (a) in the case of a sink waste pipe, 6 m, (b) in the case of a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe, or storm drainage pipe, other than a waste pipe from a sink, 15 m, and (c) in the case of a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe or storm drainage pipe larger than 4 in. size, 30 m. (2) The spacing between manholes serving a building sewer (a) 24 in. or less in size shall not exceed 90 m, and (b) over 24 in. in size shall not exceed 150 m. (3) The developed length of a building sewer between the building and the first manhole to which the building sewer connects shall not exceed 30 m. (4) Cleanouts capable of rodding in one direction only shall be installed to rod in the direction of flow. (5) Manholes shall be located at all junctions, all changes in grade, size or alignment (except for curvilinear alignment) on a sanitary building sewer. (6) Manholes shall be located at changes of grade, size or alignment (except for curvilinear alignment) on a storm building sewer.
7.4.7.3. Manholes (1) A manhole including the cover shall be designed to support all loads imposed upon it. (2) A manhole shall be provided with (a) a cover which shall provide an airtight seal if located within a building, (b) a rigid ladder of a corrosion-resistant material where the depth exceeds 1 000 mm, and (c) a vent to the exterior if the manhole is located within a building. (3) A manhole shall have a minimum horizontal dimension of 1 200 mm, except that the top 1 500 mm may be tapered from 1 200 mm down to a minimum of 600 mm at the top. (4) A manhole in a sanitary drainage system shall be channelled to direct the flow of effluent.
7.4.7.4. Location of Cleanouts (1) Cleanouts and access covers shall be located so that the openings are readily accessible for rodding and cleaning purposes. (2) A cleanout shall not be located in a floor assembly in a manner that may constitute a hazard and shall not be used as a floor drain. (3) Reserved (4) Each change of direction of the piping between a cleanout fitting and the drainage piping or vent piping that it serves shall be accomplished by using 45o bends. (5) A cleanout shall be provided to serve vertical drainage piping from a wall hung urinal and shall extend above the flood level rim of the fixture. 7.4.8.Minimum Slope and Length of Drainage Pipes
7.4.8.1. Minimum Slope (1) Every drainage pipe that has a size of 3 in. or less, and every fixture drain shall have a downward slope in the direction of flow of at least 1 in 50. (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to a force main.
7.4.8.2. Length of Fixture Outlet Pipe (1) Except as provided in Sentence 7.4.5.1.(3), the developed length of every fixture outlet pipe shall not exceed 900 mm. 7.4.9.Size of Drainage Pipes
7.4.9.1. No Reduction in Size (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), no soil or waste pipe that is of minimum size required by this Part for the purpose for which it is installed shall be so connected as to drain to other drainage pipe of lesser size. (2) Where a building drain connects to a stack through a wall or floor, the drain shall retain its full size through the wall or floor. (3) A sanitary drainage pipe may be connected to a pre-engineered wastewater heat recovery system that incorporates piping of a lesser size than required by Sentence (1) provided that it does not convey sewage (a) from a sanitary unit, or (b) that contains solids.
7.4.9.2. Serving Water Closets (1) The size of every drainage pipe that serves a water closet shall be at least 3 in. (2) The size of every horizontal branch downstream of the third water closet fixture drain connection shall be at least 4 in. (3) The size of every soil stack that serves more than 6 water closets shall be at least 4 in.
7.4.9.3. Size of Fixture Outlet Pipes (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) the size of every fixture outlet pipe shall conform to Table 7.4.9.3. (2) The part of the fixture outlet pipe that is common to 3 compartments of a sink shall be one size larger than the largest fixture outlet pipe of the compartments that it serves.
7.4.9.4. Minimum Size of Building Drains and Sewers (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), no soil or waste pipe that is of minimum size required by this Part for the purpose for which it is installed shall be so connected as to drain to other drainage pipe of lesser size. (2) Every storm building drain and every storm building sewer shall be at least 4 in. size. Table 7.4.9.3. Minimum Permitted Size of Fixture Outlet Pipe and Hydraulic Loads for Fixtures Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.9.3.(1) and 7.4.10.2.(1)  Fixture

Min. Size of Fixture Outlet Pipe, in.

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


Autopsy table

1½

2


Bathroom group

 

 


(a) with flush tank

 

6


(b) with direct flush valve

 

8


Bathtub (with or without shower)

1½

1½


Bath: foot, sitz or slab

1½

1½


Bed pan washer

3

6


Beer cabinet

1½

1½


Bidet

1¼

1


Chinese range

1½

3


Clothes washer

 

 


(a) domestic

N/A

1½ with 1½ in. trap


(b) commercial

N/A

2 with 1½ in. trap


Dental unit or cuspidor

1¼

1


Dishwasher

 

½


(a) domestic

1½

no load when connected to garbage grinder or domestic sink


(b) commercial type

2

3


Drinking fountain

1¼

½


Fish tank or tray

1½

1½


Floor drain

2

2 with 2 in. trap   3 with 3 in. trap


Garbage grinder, commercial type

2

3


Icebox

1¼

1


Laundry tray

 

 


(a) single or double units or 2 single units with common trap 

1½

1½


(b) 3 compartments

1½

2


Lavatory

 

 


(a) barber or beauty parlour

1½

1½


(b) dental

1¼

1


(c) domestic type single, or 2 single with common trap

1¼

1 with 1¼ in. trap   1½ with 1½ in. trap


(d) multiple or industrial type

1½

3


Potato Peeler

2

3


Shower drain

 

 


(a) from 1 head

1½

1½


(b) from 2 or 3 heads

2

3


(c) from 4 to 6 heads

3

6


Sink

 

 


(a) domestic and other small type with or without garbage grinders, single, double or 2 single with a common trap

1½

1½


(b) other sinks

1½

1½ with 1½ in. trap   2 with 2 in. trap   3 with 3 in. trap


Urinal

 

 


(a) pedestal, siphon jet or blowout type

2

4


(b) stall, washout type

2

2


(c) wall

 

 


(i) washout type

1½

1½


(ii) other types

2

3


Water closet

 

 


(a) with flush tank

3

4


(b) with direct flush

3

6


Column 1

2

3 7.4.10.Hydraulic Loads
7.4.10.1. Total Load on a Pipe (1) The hydraulic load on a pipe is the total load from (a) every fixture that is connected to the system upstream of the pipe, and (b) every fixture for which provision is made for future connection upstream of the pipe.
7.4.10.2. Hydraulic Loads for Fixtures (1) The hydraulic load from a fixture that is listed in Table 7.4.9.3. is the number of fixture units set forth in the Table. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (1), the hydraulic load from a fixture that is not listed in Table 7.4.9.3. is the number of fixture units set forth in Table 7.4.10.2. for the size of the trap that serves the fixture. Table 7.4.10.2. Permitted Hydraulic Load from a Fixture Based on Size of Trap Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.2.(2)  Size of Trap, in.

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


1¼

1


1½

2


2

3


2½

4


3

5


4

6


Column 1

2
7.4.10.3. Fixture Loading for Horizontal Drain (1) No horizontal sanitary drainage pipe of less than 3 in. size shall have a fixture loading in excess of that permitted by Table 7.4.10.3.A. Table 7.4.10.3.A. Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to a Branch Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.3.(1)  Size of Branch, in.

Maximum Load, fixture units


1¼

2


1½

4


2

6


Column 1

2 (2) Reserved (3) The horizontal sanitary drainage pipe size shall be that size determined from Table 7.4.10.3.C. after the total connected load in fixture units on a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe is converted to gallons per minute in accordance with Table 7.4.10.3.B. (4) Horizontal sanitary drainage pipe shall be designed to carry no more than 65% of its full capacity. Table 7.4.10.3.B. Maximum Probable Drainage Rate, gal/min Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.10.3.(3), 7.4.10.4.(1), 7.4.10.5.(3)  Fixture Units   in Service

Fixture Units   Col. 1

Fixture Units   Col. 1 x 10

Fixture Units   Col. 1 x 100


100

53

174

900


90

51

164

835


80

49

153

750


70

47

140

680


60

44

128

600


50

41

115

520


40

38

102

435


30

33

88

350


20

27

72

262


10

21

53

174


Column 1

2

3

4 Table 7.4.10.3.C. Capacity of Horizontal Drainage Pipe, gal/min Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.10.3.(3) and 7.4.10.4.(1)  Drain Size,   Nominal in.

Loading

Slope(1)


1:400

1:200

1:125

1:100

1:50

1:25


3

65% Full

 

 

 

 

46

67


4

65% Full

 

 

 

63

91

132


5

65% Full

 

81

96

116

165

240


6

65% Full

94

127

156

185

272

396


8

65% Full

182

269

341

390

578

835


10

65% Full

347

507

618

735

1050

1540


12

65% Full

585

825

975

1180

1750

2460


15

65% Full

720

1010

1180

1390

1990

2790


Column 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8 Note to Table 7.4.10.3.C.: (1)Slope is the ratio of rise to run, in whatever measurement units are chosen.
7.4.10.4. Hydraulic Loads from Continuous Flows (1) For the purposes of determining the size of sanitary drainage pipe in accordance with Table 7.4.10.3.C., pumped discharge and other continuous or semi-continuous flows shall be calculated in gallons per minute and added to the drainage rate in gallons per minute from Table 7.4.10.3.B.
7.4.10.5. Hydraulic Loads for Vertical Drains (1) No vertical waste pipe, branch or stack of less than 3 in. diameter shall have a hydraulic load in excess of that permitted by Table 7.4.10.5.A. (2) Reserved (3) The vertical sanitary drainage pipe size shall be that size determined from Table 7.4.10.5.B. after the total connected load in fixture units on a vertical drainage pipe is converted to gallons per minute in accordance with Table 7.4.10.3.B. (4) Vertical sanitary drainage pipe shall be designed to carry no more than 33% of its full capacity. Table 7.4.10.5.A. Maximum Load on Vertical Drainage Pipe, fixture units Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.5.(1)  Pipe Size, in.

Stack Height 3 Storeys or less

Stack Height more than 3 Storeys

For Each Storey in Stack of more than 3 Storeys


1¼

3

3

3


1½

8

8

5


2

16

24

10


Column 1

2

3

4
7.4.10.6. Hydraulic Loads from Roofs or Paved Surfaces (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the hydraulic load in litres from a roof or paved surface is the maximum 15 mm rainfall determined in accordance with Subsection 2.5.1., multiplied by the sum of (a) the area in square metres of horizontal projection of the surface drained, and (b) one-half the area in square metres of the largest adjoining vertical surface. (2) Flow control roof drains may be installed provided, (a) the maximum drain down time does not exceed 24 h, (b) the roof structure has been designed to carry the load of the stored water, (c) one or more scuppers are installed so that the maximum depth of water on the roof cannot exceed 150 mm, (d) they are located not more than 15 m from the edge of the roof, and not more than 30 m from adjacent drains, and (e) there is at least one drain for each 900 m2. (3) Hydraulic loads in litres per second for flow control roof drains and restricted paved area drains shall be determined according to rain intensity-duration frequency curves as compiled by Environment Canada, using 25-year frequencies. Section7.5.Venting Systems 7.5.1.Vent Pipes for Traps
7.5.2.1. Vertical Stacks (1) A vertical soil stack that is not less than 3 inches diameter that is extended as a stack vent shall be deemed to vent a fixture trap where the connection of the fixture drain meets the following requirements: (a) the number of stack vented fixtures connected to one stack above the water closet is not greater than 4, (b) all fixtures of the stack vented group numbering four or less above the water closet are on the same floor level or storey and the stack receives no waste at a higher level, (c) the number of stack vented water closets is not greater than 2, (d) where two water closets are installed, they are connected at the same level to a vertical part of the stack, (e) where there are two water closets in a stack vented group and they are installed as described in Clause (d), the remaining fixtures of the group are connected directly and independently to the stack above the centre-line of the connection of the two water closets and the uppermost fixture is connected to the vertical portion of the stack, (f) where there is only one water closet in the stack vented group it is connected to the vertical stack or the horizontal continuation of the stack and the remaining fixtures upstream of the water closet are connected directly and independently to the stack and the uppermost fixture is connected to the vertical portion of the stack, (g) the total number of fixture units connected above the water closet is not greater than 8, and (h) no fixture drain connected above the water closet is of more than 2 in. trade size and is not serving a siphonic trap.
7.5.2.2. Horizontal Branches and Relief Vents (1) A horizontal branch off a stack or off a sanitary building drain may be circuit vented where (a) the circuit vented branch is of a size 3 in. or greater, (b) the number of circuit vented fixtures is less than 7 per vent and in any group of 6 or less circuit vented fixtures all but the last of the group are downstream of the point where the circuit vent connects to the branch, (c) the circuit vented fixture is a sanitary unit, floor drain, hub drain, shower drain or trap standard slop sink, (d) all fixtures connected to the circuit vented branch are on the same floor level, (e) no soil or waste stack connects to the circuit vented branch, (f) no circuit vented trap has a horizontal run of waste pipe of more than 1 500 mm, and (g) in a water closet installation, no circuit vented trap has a horizontal run of waste pipe of more than 1 500 mm nor a vertical run of more than 900 mm. (2) Where a stack or a sanitary building drain has a circuit vented branch connected to it and the stack or sanitary building drain carries more than eight fixture units of drainage upstream of the connection or has connected to it a sanitary drainage pipe larger than 2 in. size or receives drainage from a higher floor level, the circuit vented branch shall be relief vented. (3) A relief vent required by Sentence (2) may be a wet vent if it is of 2 in. size or greater and not more than one fixture having a maximum of 1-1/2 fixture units is drained into it. (4) Where circuit vented fixture traps are connected to 2 or more horizontal branches that connect to the same horizontal branch, the horizontal branches may have a combined relief vent. 7.5.3.Vent Pipes for Soil or Waste Stacks
7.5.3.1. Stack Vents (1) The upper end of every soil or waste stack shall terminate in a stack vent and the stack vent shall terminate in open air outside the building or connect directly or through a header to another stack vent or vent stack that does terminate in open air outside the building.
7.5.3.2. Vent Stacks (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where back vents, relief vents or circuit vents are installed in two or more storeys served by a soil stack or waste stack, a vent stack shall be installed in conjunction with the soil or waste stack. (2) A vent stack is not required to be installed in conjunction with the soil or waste stack in a residential building of 3 storeys or less. (3) A vent stack shall (a) have its lower end connected to (i) the waste stack or soil stack at or below the lowest horizontal sanitary drainage pipe connected to the waste stack or soil stack, or (ii) the sanitary building drain immediately downstream of the stack connection, (b) extend to the open air independently or through a header, (c) except as provided for in Clause (d), where it is connected to the soil stack, waste stack or sanitary building drain, of a size and length as determined from Table 7.4.10.5.B., and (d) at each point of interconnection with a branch vent be not smaller than the minimum size permitted by Table 7.5.7.2. (4) Where a plumbing system is installed in a building, every storey in which plumbing is or may be installed, including the basement of a single family dwelling, shall have extended into it or passing through it a vent pipe that is at least 1-1/2 in. size for the provision of future connections. (5) Where a single family dwelling, built prior to April 7, 1976, has a vent pipe installed in the basement that is at least 1-1/4 in. trade size and there is no larger vent pipe in the area, the 1-1/4 in. pipe may be used to vent one water closet and one wash basin where both fixtures are located in the basement and where the vent connecting the water closet or the wash basin and the water closet to the vent pipe is at least 1-1/2 in. trade size. (6) Where a vent stack is installed as a result of additions or alterations to a plumbing system in an existing building, the vent stack may be erected outside the building, provided that (a) no single change of direction of the stack exceeds 45°, (b) all parts of the stack are vertical, (c) the stack terminates above the roof of the building where the building is 4 storeys in height or less, and (d) the requirements set out in Sentence 7.5.5.5.(3) are met.
7.5.3.3. Yoke Vents (1) Except as provided in Sentence (4), where a soil stack or a waste stack receives the discharge from fixtures located on more than eleven storeys, a yoke vent shall be installed (a) for each section of five storeys or part thereof counted from the top down, and (b) at or immediately above each offset or double offset. (2) The yoke vent shall be connected to the soil or waste stack by means of a drainage fitting at or immediately below the lowest soil or waste pipe from the lowest storey of the section described in Sentence (1). (3) The yoke vent shall connect to the vent stack at least 1 000 mm above the floor level of the lowest storey in the section described in Sentence (1). (4) A yoke vent is not required to be installed where the soil or waste stack is interconnected to the vent stack in each storey by means of a fixture or a group of vented fixtures installed in accordance with Subsection 7.5.2. 7.5.4.Miscellaneous Vent Pipes
7.5.4.1. Venting of Sanitary Sewage Sumps (1) Every tank that receives sanitary sewage shall be provided with a vent pipe that is connected to the top of the tank and that is sized in accordance with Article 7.5.6.5.
7.5.4.2. Venting of Interceptors (1) Every oil interceptor shall be provided with two vent pipes that (a) connect to the interceptor at opposite ends, (b) extend independently to open air, (c) terminate at least 2 000 mm above ground and at elevations differing by at least 300 mm, and (d) do not connect to each other or any other vent pipe. (2) Adjacent compartments within an oil interceptor shall be connected to each other by a vent opening. (3) Every grease interceptor shall have a vent pipe that is at least 1-1/2 in. size connected to the outlet pipe, that connects to the plumbing venting system. (4) A vent pipe shall be provided within 1 500 mm of the inlet to a grease interceptor complete with a cleanout to provide cleaning of the vent pipe. (5) Where a secondary receiver is installed in conjunction with an oil interceptor, it shall be vented as per manufacturer’s recommendations, but in no case shall the vent be less than 1-1/2 in. trade size and shall extend independently to open air. (6) Where an acid waste dilution tank is installed, it shall be provided with a vent pipe connected at the top of the tank and that is sized in accordance with Article 7.5.6.5. (7) Where a manufacturer of an oil interceptor makes no recommendations with respect to the size of the vent pipe venting an oil interceptor, the interceptor shall be vented at each end with a vent pipe that is not more than one size smaller than the largest connected drainage pipe and not less than 1-1/4 in. nominal pipe size. (8) Every vent pipe serving an oil interceptor that is built in location shall be at least 3 in. size throughout its length. (9) Every vent pipe serving an oil or grease interceptor that is located outside a building shall be a minimum 3 in. size.
7.5.4.3. Fresh Air Inlet (1) Where a building trap is installed in a plumbing system, a fresh air inlet not less than 4 in. size shall be connected upstream of the building trap and within 1 200 mm of the building trap and downstream of any other connection.
7.5.4.4. Venting of Corrosive Drain Piping and Dilution Tanks (1) Vents connecting to the corrosive drain piping or dilution tank shall extend independently to and terminate in open air. 7.5.5.Arrangement of Vent Pipes
7.5.5.1. Drainage of Vent Pipes (1) Every waste pipe shall be installed and back vented at the same time. (2) Every vent pipe shall be installed without a sag or depression and shall have no unused open ends.
7.5.5.2. Vent Pipe Connections (1) Every vent pipe in a plumbing system shall be installed so as to be direct as possible to a vent stack or open air, as the case may be, and so that any horizontal run below the flood level of the fixture to which the vent pipe is installed is eliminated where structurally possible. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), where a vent pipe is connected to a nominally horizontal soil or waste pipe, the connection shall be above the horizontal centre line of the soil or waste pipe. (3) A wet vent is not required to be connected above the horizontal centre line of the soil or waste pipe.
7.5.5.3. Location of Vent Pipes (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), a vent pipe that protects a fixture trap shall be so located that (a) the developed length of a fixture drain measured from the trap weir is (i) not less than twice the pipe size of the fixture drain, and (ii) not more than 1 500 mm, (b) the total fall of the fixture drain from a P-trap is not greater than the size of the fixture drain, (c) no fixture drain has a cumulative change of direction of more than 135°, and (d) except as permitted in Article 7.5.7.1., no waste pipe is connected to the fixture drain between the trap and its protecting vent. (2) No fixture drain of a water closet, S-trap standard or a fixture that depends on siphonic action for the proper functioning of the fixture and that discharges vertically shall have a cumulative change of direction of more than 225°. (3) No vertical leg of the waste pipe from a water closet or other fixture that has an integral siphonic flushing action shall exceed 900 mm. (4) The vent pipe from a water closet or other fixture that has an integral siphonic flushing action may be connected to the vertical leg of its waste pipe.
7.5.5.4. Connection of Vents Above Fixtures Served (1) The upper end of every vent pipe shall be above the flood level of the highest fixture it serves before connection to another vent pipe. (2) No vent piping shall be so arranged that it will serve as a bypass in the event of an obstruction in the drainage pipe.
7.5.5.5. Terminals (1) The upper end of every vent pipe that is not terminated in open air shall be connected to a venting system that is terminated in open air. (2) A vent pipe that serves an oil interceptor, a vent stack that is permitted by Sentence 7.5.3.2.(6), a vent stack and a stack vent shall each terminate in open air as set out in Sentence (3). (3) The terminal of a vent pipe shall be located (a) at least 900 mm above or 3.5 m in any other direction from air inlet, openable window or door, (b) at least 150 mm above the roof of the building where the vent is installed and, where storm water is intended to pond on the roof, at least 150 mm above the high water level, and (c) at least 2 000 mm above the roof of the building that the vent is installed in, where the roof is intended for human occupancy. (4) Clause (3)(a) does not apply to a fresh air inlet pipe. (5) Where a vent pipe is located 2 000 mm or more above a roof, it shall be so constructed as to be stable and secure. (6) Where a stack or vent pipe passes through a roof or a wall, the stack or vent pipe shall be equipped with a flashing so installed that no storm water can pass between the structure and the flashing or between the flashing and the pipe or stack. (7) Flashing shall be of material specified in Article 7.2.10.14. and on a shingled roof shall have a minimum dimension of 500 mm by 500 mm. (8) Where a sleeve flashing is installed on a flat roof, it shall extend at least 150 mm above the flood level and on a sloped roof shall be at least 150 mm high on the short side. (9) No bore of a vent stack or stack vent shall be reduced or obstructed by the installation of a flashing. (10) Where a vent pipe passes through a roof or an outside wall of a building, it shall be increased to a minimum size of 3 in. before penetrating the roof or wall. 7.5.6.Minimum Size of Vent Pipes
7.5.6.1. General (1) Except as provided in Article 7.5.3.1. and 7.5.7.1, where a vent pipe vents one or more fixture traps, the pipe size of the vent pipe shall be in accordance with Table 7.5.6.1. Table 7.5.6.1. Minimum Permitted Size of Vent Pipe Based on Size of Trap Forming Part of Sentence 7.5.6.1.(1)  Size of Trap Served, in.

Minimum Size of Vent Pipe, in.


1¼

1¼


1½

1¼


2

1½


2½

1½


3

1½


4

1½


5

2


6

2


Column 1

2 (2) Every relief vent or circuit vent shall be at least 2 in. size.
7.5.6.2. Size Restriction (1) Except as provided in Sentence 7.5.3.2.(5), no branch vent, stack vent, vent stack or header shall be a size less than the size of the largest vent pipe connected to it. (2) Every sanitary building drain shall terminate at its upstream end in a stack of at least 3 in. size. (3) A stack referred to in Sentence (2) shall be a soil stack if one is available and may be a vent stack or waste stack that provides at least 3 in. stack vent and that goes to open air above the roof, either directly or through a header.
7.5.6.3. Reserved
7.5.6.4. Minimum Size of Yoke Vents (1) Where a yoke vent is required to be installed in accordance with Article 7.5.3.3., the yoke vent shall be at least 2 in. size.
7.5.6.5. Vents for Sanitary Sewage Sumps (1) Where the diameter of an inlet pipe to a sanitary sewage tank is (a) 5 in. or larger, the diameter of the vent pipe from the tank shall be at least 4 in., and (b) less than 5 in., the diameter of the vent pipe from the tank shall be the greater of (i) 1-1/4 in., and (ii) one trade size smaller than the inlet pipe. 7.5.7.Sizing of Vent Pipes
7.5.7.1. Sizes for Wet Vents (1) Where 2 or 3 fixtures are installed in a plumbing system, any one of the fixtures may be wet vented by one or both of the other fixtures if (a) all the fixtures are on the same floor level, (b) only the wet vented fixture is a water closet or other fixture using a siphonic trap, (c) where the wet vented trap is not a siphonic trap, it is a P-trap and the wet vent is connected to the horizontal waste pipe downstream from the weir of the P-trap at least 450 mm and not more than 1 500 mm, and (d) at least one of the wet venting fixtures is drained through a vertical continuous waste and vent and the waste pipe serving as a wet vent is at least (i) 1¼ in. size, where the wet vented trap is of 1¼ or 1½ in. size, (ii) 1½ in. size, where the wet vented trap is of 2 in. size, or (iii) 2 in. size, where the wet vented trap is of 3, 4 or 6 in. size. (2) Where there are two wet venting fixtures in a plumbing system referred to in Sentence (1) and both connect to the same vertical continuous waste and vent, both wet venting fixtures shall, where they are connected at the same level, be vented by a double fitting in conformance to Table 7.2.4.5. or, where they are not connected at the same level, be separately vented.
7.5.7.2. Branch Vent Sizing (1) No branch vent and its connecting branch shall be smaller in diameter than the diameter calculated in accordance with Table 7.5.7.2.A. and where Table 7.4.10.5.B. is not applicable to the vent, the maximum length of the vent shall be calculated in accordance with Table 7.5.7.2.B. (2) Where Table 7.4.10.5.B. is not applicable to a branch vent, header or circuit vent, no vent or header shall have branch connections in excess of the number that are permitted by the combinations in Table 7.5.7.2.A. and, where one vent pipe protects more than one trap, each trap shall be counted as one vent. Table 7.5.7.2.A. Branch Venting Forming Part of Sentences 7.5.3.2.(3), 7.5.7.2.(1) and (2)  Combination Number

Size of Receiving Vent, in.

Maximum Number
Size and Nature of Connecting Vents


1¼ in. Other than Water Closet

1½ in. Other than Water Closet

1½ in.
Water Closet


1

1¼

4

—

—


2

1½

12

—

—


3

1½

—

6

—


4

1½

—

—

2


5

1½

4

—

1


6

1½

2

1

1


7

1½

—

2

1


8

2

50

—

—


9

2

—

25

—


10

2

—

12

6


11

2½

—

12

10


12

2½

25

—

10


Column 1

2

3

4

5 Note to Table 7.5.7.2.A.: (1)Vent pipes permitted in Columns 3 and 4 of combinations 2 to 12 may be exchanged on the basis of two 1¼ in. vent pipes equal to one 1½ in. vent pipe. (3) Reserved (4) For the purpose of Table 7.5.7.2.B. (a) the length of a circuit vent shall be the developed length from the horizontal soil or waste pipe to the vent stack, stack vent, header or open air, and (b) the length of a branch vent shall be the developed length of vent piping from the most distant soil or waste pipe connection to a vent stack, stack vent, header or open air. Table 7.5.7.2.B. Maximum Length of Vents Forming Part of Articles 7.5.7.2. and 7.5.7.3.  Pipe, Trade Size, in.

Maximum Length, metres


1¼

15.2


1½

15.2


2

18.3


2½

24.4


3

30.5


4

45.7


5

61.0


6

76.2


Column 1

2 (5) Reserved (6) Reserved (7) For the purpose of Table 7.4.10.5.B. and Table 7.5.7.2.B., the length of a header shall be the developed length of vent piping from the vent stack or stack vent where the header terminates to the most distant vent or stack connected to it.
7.5.7.3. Developed Length (1) For the purpose of Table 7.4.10.5.B. and Table 7.5.7.2.B., the length of a vent stack or stack vent shall be its developed length from its lower end where it connects to drainage piping to its upper end where it connects to a header or goes directly to open air. Section 7.6.Potable Water Systems 7.6.1.Arrangement of Piping
7.6.1.1. Design, Fabrication and Installation (1) Potable water systems shall be designed, fabricated and installed in accordance with good engineering practice. (2) Every fixture supplied with separate hot and cold water controls shall have the hot water control on the left and the cold on the right. (3) Where hot and cold water are mixed and the temperature is regulated by a single, unmarked, manual control, a movement to the left shall increase the temperature and a movement to the right shall decrease the temperature.
7.6.1.2. Drainage (1) A water distribution system shall be installed so that the system can be drained or blown out with air and outlets for this purpose shall be provided.
7.6.1.3. Control and Shut-off Valves (1) A building control valve shall be provided (a) on every water service pipe at the location where the water service pipe enters the building, or (b) on the water distribution system at a location immediately downstream of the point of entry treatment unit, where the building is served by a point of entry treatment unit located in the building. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), a drain port shall be provided on the water distribution system immediately downstream of the building control valve required by Sentence (1) and if there is a meter, the drain port shall be installed immediately downstream of the meter on the water distribution system. (3) Where the building control valve required by Sentence (1) is of one in. trade size or smaller, the drain port may be an integral part of the building control valve in the form of a stop and waste valve and the drain port shall be located on the water distribution system side of the stop and waste valve. (4) Every pipe that is supplied with water from a tank on the property that is a gravity water tank or a tank of a drinking-water system shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank. (5) Where the water supply is to be metered, the installation of the meter, including the piping that is part of the meter installation and the valving arrangement for the meter installation, shall be according to the water purveyor’s requirements. (6) For the purpose of identifying the pipe material where plastic (polybutylene, polyethylene or PVC) water pipe is used underground for a service pipe, the end of the pipe inside the building shall be brought above ground for a distance not less than 300 mm and not greater than 450 mm.
7.6.1.4. Shut-off Valves (1) Except for a single-family dwelling, every riser shall be provided with a shut-off valve at the source of supply.
7.6.1.5. Water Closets (1) Every water closet shall be provided with a shut-off valve on its water supply pipe.
7.6.1.6. Suites (1) Shut-off valves shall be installed in every suite in a building of residential occupancy as may be necessary to ensure that when the supply to one suite is shut off the supply to the remainder of the building is not interrupted.
7.6.1.7. Public Washroom (1) The water supply to each fixture in a washroom for public use shall be individually valved and each valve shall be accessible.
7.6.1.8. Tanks (1) Every water pipe that supplies a hot water tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device.
7.6.1.9. Protection for Exterior Water Supply (1) Every pipe that passes through an exterior wall to supply water to the exterior of the building shall be provided with a frost-proof hydrant or a stop-and-waste valve located inside the building and close to the wall. (2) Where a self draining frost proof hydrant is used, a stop valve may be used in lieu of a stop-and-waste valve.
7.6.1.10. Check Valves (1) A check valve shall be installed at the building end of the water service pipe where the pipe is made of plastic that is suitable for cold water use only.
7.6.1.11. Flushing Devices (1) Every flushing device that serves a water closet or one or more urinals shall have sufficient capacity and be adjusted to deliver at each operation a volume of water that will thoroughly flush the fixture or fixtures that it serves. (2) Where a manually operated flushing device is installed, it shall serve only one fixture.
7.6.1.12. Relief Valves (1) Every pressure vessel that is part of a plumbing system or connected to a plumbing system shall be equipped with a pressure relief valve designed to open when the water pressure in the tank reaches the rated working pressure of the tank, and so located that the pressure in the tank shall not exceed 1100 kPa or 1/2 the maximum test pressure sustained by the tank whichever is the lesser. (2) Every hot water tank of a storage-type service water heater shall be equipped with (a) a temperature relief valve with a temperature sensing element located within the top 150 mm of the tank and designed to open and discharge sufficient water from the tank to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions, or (b) a device that (i) is designed to shut off the supply of electricity or fuel to the heater, (ii) is not connected to and operates independently of the thermostatic control that determines the temperature of the water in the tank, and (iii) is located and maintained on or within the top 150 mm of the tank so that the maximum temperature of the water in the tank shall not exceed 99°C under all operating conditions. (3) Every tank equipped as specified in Clause 7.6.1.12.(2)(b) shall bear the information in a clearly visible location that it is so equipped. (4) A pressure relief valve and temperature relief valve may be combined where Sentences (1) and (2) are complied with. (5) Every indirect service water heater shall be equipped with (a) a pressure relief valve, and (b) a temperature relief valve on every storage tank that forms part of the system. (6) A temperature relief, pressure relief, or a combined temperature and pressure relief valve which is installed on a hot water tank shall have a pipe that (a) has a size at least equal to the size of the outlet of the valve, (b) is rigid, slopes downward from the valve, and (i) terminates with an indirect connection above a floor drain, sump or other safe location, with an air break of not more than 300 mm, or (ii) terminates at a distance not less than 150 mm and not more than 300 mm from a floor and discharges vertically down, (c) has no thread at its outlet, and (d) is capable of operating at a temperature of not less than 99°C. (7) The temperature relief valve required in Clause 7.6.1.12.(5)(b) shall have a temperature sensing element located within the top 150 mm of the tank and be designed to open and discharge sufficient water to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions. (8) No shut-off valve shall be installed on the pipe between any tank and the relief valves or on the discharge lines from such relief valves.
7.6.1.13. Water Hammer (1) Provision shall be made to protect the water distribution system from the adverse effects of water hammer.
7.6.1.14. Mobile Home Water Service (1) A water service pipe intended to serve a mobile home shall (a) be not less than 3/4 in. size, (b) be terminated above ground, and (c) be provided with (i) a tamperproof terminal connection that is capable of being repeatedly connected, disconnected and sealed, (ii) a protective concrete pad, (iii) a means to protect it from frost heave, and (iv) a curb stop and a means of draining that part of the pipe located above the frost line when not in use.
7.6.1.15. Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), a system for solar heating of potable water shall be installed in accordance with good engineering practice. (2) Packaged systems for solar heating of potable water in residential occupancies shall be installed in conformance with CAN/CSA-F383, “Installation Code for Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems”. 7.6.2.Protection from Contamination
7.6.2.1. Connection of Systems (1) Connections to potable water systems shall be designed and installed so that non-potable water or substances that may render the water non-potable cannot enter the system. (2) No connection shall be made between a potable water system supplied with water from a drinking-water system and any other potable water system without the consent of the water purveyor.
7.6.2.2. Cleaning of Systems (1) Every newly installed part of a potable water system shall be clean and free of any matter that may affect the health of a person before being put into service.
7.6.2.3. Back Siphonage (1) Every potable water system that supplies a fixture or tank that is not subject to pressures above atmospheric shall be protected against back-siphonage by a backflow preventer. (2) Where a potable water supply is connected to a boiler, tank, cooling jacket, lawn sprinkler system or other device where a non-potable fluid may be under pressure that is above atmospheric or the water outlet may be submerged in the non-potable fluid, the water supply shall be protected against backflow by a backflow preventer. (3) Where a hose bibb is installed outside a building, inside a garage, or where there is an identifiable risk of contamination, the potable water system shall be protected against backflow by a backflow preventer. (4) Where a potable water system serves a fire protection system, the fire protection system shall be isolated from the potable water system in the following manner: (a) a wet sprinkler fire protection system containing water only shall be provided with a listed alarm check valve installed in conformance with NFPA 13, “Installation of Sprinkler Systems”, (b) a wet standpipe fire protection system containing water only shall be provided with a resilient seated check valve, (c) a wet sprinkler or wet standpipe fire protection system containing anti-freeze or chemicals shall be provided with a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer certified to CAN/CSA-B64.4 Series, “Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type (RP)”, (d) a dry sprinkler or dry standpipe fire protection system does not require isolation, (e) a water storage tank fire protection system shall be provided with a backflow preventer certified to CAN/CSA-B64 Series, “Backflow Preventers and Vacuum Breakers”, (f) a fire hydrant fire protection system does not require isolation, (g) a fire service main shall be provided with a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer certified to CAN/CSA-B64.4, “Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type (RP)” if it is connected to more than one of the following different sources of supply: (i) a drinking-water system, or (ii) a source of non-potable water. (iii) Revoked: O. Reg. 304/03, s. 6. (5) Except as permitted in Sentences (4) and (8), backflow prevention devices to protect a potable water system from contamination shall be selected, installed and field tested in accordance with CAN/CSA-B64.10, “Backflow Prevention Devices — Selection, Installation, Maintenance and Field Testing”. (6) Backflow prevention devices shall be provided in conformance with Sentence 7.2.10.10.(1). (7) Tank type water closet valves shall be provided with a back-siphonage preventer in conformance with Sentence 7.2.10.10.(2). (8) Buildings of residential occupancy within the scope of Part 9 are not required to be isolated unless they have access to an auxiliary water supply.
7.6.2.4. Air Gap (1) An air gap shall not be located in a noxious environment. (2) Every air gap shall be not less than 25 mm high and at least twice the diameter of the opening of the water supply outlet in height.
7.6.2.5. Vacuum Breakers and Flood Levels (1) Where the critical level is not marked on an atmospheric vacuum breaker or pressure vacuum breaker, the critical level shall be taken as the lowest point on the device. (2) Where an atmospheric vacuum breaker is installed, it shall be located on the downstream side of the fixture control valve or faucet so that it will be subject to water supply pressure (a) only when the fixture control valve or faucet is open, and (b) for periods of use not to exceed 12 h continuous. (3) An atmospheric vacuum breaker shall be installed so that the critical level is at least the distance specified by the manufacturer at which the device will operate safely but not less than 25 mm above (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or (b) the highest point open to atmosphere in an irrigation system. (4) A pressure vacuum breaker shall be installed with its critical level at least 300 mm above (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or (b) the highest point open to atmosphere in an irrigation system. 7.6.3.Size and Capacity of Pipes
7.6.3.1. Design (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the size of every pipe in a water distribution system that supplies water to a fixture or device shall comply with Table 7.6.3.1. (2) Where a pipe in a water distribution system is not directly connected to a fixture or a fixture faucet but is connected with a flexible tube of a diameter smaller than that specified by Table 7.6.3.1., the developed length of the connector shall not be more than 355 mm and, where 3/8 in. pipe of iron pipe size is used, the maximum length shall not exceed 914 mm. Table 7.6.3.1. Pipe Sizing for Water Supply to Fixture/Device Forming Part of Sentences 7.6.3.1.(1) and (2)  Fixture or Device

Minimum Size of Supply Pipe, in.


Bath tub

1/2


Combination sink and tray

1/2


Dishwasher, domestic

1/2


Drinking fountain

3/8


Hose bib

1/2


Laundry tray: 1, 2 or 3 compartments

1/2


Lavatory

3/8


Shower, single head

1/2


Sink

 


(a) kitchen, domestic

1/2


(b) kitchen, commercial

1/2


(c) service, slop

1/2


(d) service with direct flush valve

3/4


Urinal

 


(a) with flush tank

1/2


(b) with direct flush valve

3/4


(c) with self closing metering

1/2


Wall hydrant

1/2


Water closet

 


(a) with flush tank

3/8


(b) with direct flush valve

1


Column 1

2
7.6.3.2. Peak Demand Flow (1) No water system shall have a capacity that is less than the peak demand flow. (2) No water system between the point of connection with the water service pipe or the water meter and the first branch that supplies a water heater, shall be less than 3/4 in. size. (3) Every pipe that supplies a fixture shall have a capacity that will produce a flow in the fixture that will flush the fixture and keep it in a sanitary condition.
7.6.3.3. Static Pressure (1) Where the static pressure exceeds 550 kPa, a pressure reducing valve shall be installed to limit the maximum static pressure to not more than 550 kPa in areas that may be occupied.
7.6.3.4. Size (1) Every water service pipe shall be not less than 3/4 in. trade size. 7.6.4.Water Efficiency
7.6.4.1. Water Supply Fittings (1) The flow rates of fittings that supply water to a fixture shall not exceed the maximum flow rates at the test pressures listed for that fitting in Table 7.6.4.1. (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to a fixture located in a heritage building. Table 7.6.4.1. Maximum Flow Rates for Water Supply Fittings Forming Part of Sentence 7.6.4.1.(1)  Fitting

Maximum Flow, L/min

Test Pressure, kPa


Lavatory Faucet

8.35

413


Kitchen Faucet

8.35

413


Shower Heads

9.50

550


Column 1

2

3
7.6.4.2. Plumbing Fixtures (1) Water closets and urinals shall be certified to CAN/CSA-B45.0, “General Requirements for Plumbing Fixtures”. (2) The flush cycle for each fixture that is a water closet or urinal and that is installed as a replacement for a fixture in a building that existed before January1, 1996 shall not exceed the maximum flush cycle listed for that fixture in Table 7.6.4.2.A. Table 7.6.4.2.A. Maximum Flush Cycles for Sanitary Fixtures Forming Part of Sentence 7.6.4.2.(2)  Fixture

litres


Water Closet (Tank Type)

13.25


Water Closet (Direct Flush)

13.25


Urinal (Tank Type)

5.68(1)


Urinal (Direct Flush)

5.68(1)


Column 1

2 Note to Table 7.6.4.2.A.: (1)Urinals equipped with automatic flushing devices shall be controlled to prevent unnecessary flush cycles during building down time. (3) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the flush cycle for each fixture that is a water closet or urinal shall not exceed the maximum flush cycle listed for that fixture in Table 7.6.4.2.B. (4) Sentences (2) and (3) do not apply to a fixture located in a heritage building, care or detention occupancy or passenger station. Table 7.6.4.2.B. Maximum Flush Cycles for Sanitary Fixtures Forming Part of Sentence 7.6.4.2.(3)  Fixture

litres


Water Closet (Tank Type)

6.0


Water Closet (Direct Flush)

6.0


Urinal (Tank Type)

3.8(1)


Urinal (Direct Flush)

3.8(1)


Column 1

2 Note to Table 7.6.4.2.B.: (1)Urinals equipped with automatic flushing devices shall be controlled to prevent unnecessary flush cycles during building down time. 7.6.5. Water Temperature Control
7.6.5.1. Maximum Temperature of Hot Water (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and 7.6.5.3.(1), the maximum temperature of hot water supplied by fittings to fixtures in a residential occupancy shall not exceed 49°C. (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to hot water supplied to installed dishwashers or clothes washers.
7.6.5.2. Showers (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), all shower valves shall be pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valves, conforming to CAN/CSA-B125, “Plumbing Fittings”. (2) No pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valve is required for a shower if the hot water supply for the shower is controlled by a master thermostatic-mixing valve conforming to CAN/CSA-B125, “Plumbing Fittings”. (3) Pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valves shall be (a) designed so that the outlet temperature does not exceed 49°C, or (b) equipped with high-limit stops and adjusted to a maximum hot water setting of 49°C.