jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
9.26.15.1. Installation (1) Hot applied rubberized asphalt roofing shall be installed in accordance with CGSB 37-GP-51M, “Application or Rubberized Asphalt, Hot Applied, for Roofing and Waterproofing”. 9.26.16.Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet Roofing
9.26.16.1. Installation (1) Polyvinyl chloride sheet applied roofing membrane shall be installed in accordance with CGSB 37-GP-55M, “Application of Sheet Applied Flexible Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing Membrane”. 9.26.17.Concrete Roof Tiles
9.26.17.1. Coverage (1) Concrete roof tiles shall be installed according to CAN/CSA-A220.1, “Installation of Concrete Roof Tiles.” 9.26.18.Downspouts and Roof Drains
9.26.18.1 Roof Drains (1) When roof drains are provided they shall conform to Part 7.
9.26.18.2. Downspouts (1) Where downspouts are provided and are not connected to a sewer, extensions shall be provided to carry rainwater away from the building in a manner which will prevent soil erosion. Section 9.27.Cladding 9.27.1.Scope
9.27.1.1. Application (1) This Section applies to exterior wall coverings of lumber, wood shingles, shakes, asbestos-cement shingles and sheets, plywood, OSB, waferboard, hardboard, asphalt shingles, vinyl, aluminum and steel including trim, soffits and flashing.
9.27.1.2. Stucco and Masonry Veneer (1) Requirements for stucco shall conform to Section 9.28 and requirements for masonry veneer shall conform to Section 9.20.
9.27.1.3. Asphalt Shingles (1) Where asphalt shingles are used as siding, they shall conform to the requirements in Section 9.26 for asphalt roof shingles. 9.27.2.General
9.27.2.1. Required Cladding (1) Exterior walls shall be protected with cladding, including flashing, trim and other special purpose accessory pieces required for the cladding system being used, to restrict the entry of rain and snow into the wall assembly.
9.27.2.2. Clearance from Ground (1) Not less than a 200 mm clearance shall be provided between the finished ground level and siding that is adversely affected by moisture such as wood, plywood, OSB, waferboard and hardboard.
9.27.2.3. Clearance from Roof Surface (1) Not less than a 50 mm clearance shall be provided between a roof surface and cladding that is adversely affected by moisture such as wood, plywood, OSB, waferboard and hardboard.
9.27.2.4. Insulating Asphalt Siding (1) Insulating asphalt cladding shall be ventilated by not less than a 10 mm air space behind the cladding. 9.27.3.Flashing
9.27.3.1. Materials (1) Flashing shall consist of not less than (a) 1.73 mm thick sheet lead, (b) 0.33 mm thick galvanized steel, (c) 0.46 mm thick copper, (d) 0.46 mm thick zinc, (e) 0.48 mm thick aluminum, or (f) 1.02 mm thick vinyl.
9.27.3.2. Installation (1) Flashing shall be installed at every horizontal junction between 2 different exterior finishes, except where the upper finish overlaps the lower finish. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (4), flashing shall be applied over exterior wall openings where the vertical distance from the bottom of the eave to the top of the trim is more than one-quarter of the horizontal overhang of the eave. (3) Flashing shall be installed so that it extends upwards not less than 50 mm behind the sheathing paper and forms a drip on the outside edge. (4) Where a window or exterior door is designed to be installed without head flashing, the exterior flange of the window or door frame shall be bedded into a non-hardening type caulking material and the exterior flange screwed down over the caulking material to the wall framing to form a waterproof joint. 9.27.4.Caulking
9.27.4.1. Required Caulking (1) Caulking shall be provided where required to prevent the entry of water into the structure. (2) Caulking shall be provided between masonry, siding or stucco and the adjacent door and window frames or trim, including sills unless such locations are completely protected from the entry of rain. (3) Caulking shall be provided at vertical joints between different cladding materials unless the joint is suitably lapped or flashed to prevent the entry of rain.
9.27.4.2. Materials (1) Caulking shall be (a) a non-hardening type suitable for exterior use, (b) selected for its ability to resist the effects of weathering, and (c) compatible with and adhere to the substrate to which it is applied. (2) Caulking shall conform to (a) CGSB 19-GP-5M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Acrylic Base, Solvent Curing”, (b) CAN/CGSB-19.13-M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Elastomeric, Chemical Curing”, (c) CGSB 19-GP-14M, “Sealing Compound, One Component, Butyl-Polyisobutylene Polymer Base, Solvent Curing”, or (d) CAN/CGSB-19.24-M, “Multi-Component, Chemical Curing Sealing Compound”. 9.27.5.Attachment of Cladding
9.27.5.1. Attachment (1) Except as permitted in Sentences (2) to (7), cladding shall be nailed to the framing members, furring members or to blocking between the framing members. (2) Vertical lumber and stucco lath or reinforcing are permitted to be attached to sheathing only where the sheathing consists of not less than (a) 14.3 mm lumber, (b) 12.5 mm plywood, or (c) 12.5 mm OSB or waferboard. (3) Vertically applied metal siding and wood shingles and shakes are permitted to be attached to the sheathing only where the sheathing consists of not less than (a) 14.3 mm lumber, (b) 7.5 mm plywood, or (c) 7.5 mm OSB or waferboard. (4) Asbestos-cement shingles are permitted to be attached to the sheathing only when the sheathing consists of not less than (a) 14.3 mm lumber, (b) 9.5 mm plywood, or (c) 9.5 mm OSB or waferboard. (5) Where wood shingles or shakes are applied to sheathing which is not suitable for attaching the shingles or shakes, the shingles or shakes may be attached to a wood lath not less than 38 mm by 9.5 mm thick securely nailed to the framing and applied as described in Article 9.27.7.5. (6) Where asbestos-cement shingles are applied to sheathing that is not suitable for attaching the shingles, the shingles may be fastened to a wood lath not less than 89 mm by 9.5 mm thick securely nailed to the framing. (7) Lath referred to in Sentence (6) shall be applied so that it overlaps the preceding shingle course by not less than 20 mm.
9.27.5.2. Blocking (1) Blocking for the attachment of cladding shall be not less than 38 mm by 38 mm lumber securely nailed to the framing and spaced not more than 600 mm o.c.
9.27.5.3. Furring (1) Except as permitted in Sentences 9.27.5.1.(5) and (6), furring for the attachment of cladding shall be not less than 19 mm by 38 mm lumber when applied over sheathing. (2) When applied without sheathing, furring referred to in Sentence (1) shall be not less than (a) 19 mm by 64 mm lumber on supports spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., or (b) 19 mm by 89 mm on supports spaced not more than 600 mm o.c. (3) Furring referred to in Sentence (1) shall be (a) securely fastened to the framing, and (b) spaced not more than 600 mm o.c.
9.27.5.4. Size and Spacing of Fasteners (1) Nail or staple size and spacing for the attachment of cladding and trim shall conform to Table 9.27.5.4. Table 9.27.5.4. Attachment of Cladding Forming Part of Sentence 9.27.5.4.(1)  Type of Cladding

Minimum Nail or Staple Length,   mm

Minimum
Number of 
Nails or Staples

Maximum Nail or   Staple Spacing


Wood trim

51

—

600 mm (o.c.)


Lumber siding or horizontal siding made from sheet metal

51

—

600 mm (o.c.)


Metal siding

38

—

600 mm (o.c.) (nailed to framing)


Handsplit wood shakes

 

 

 


up to 200 mm in width

51

2

—


over 200 mm in width

51

3

—


Wood shingles and machine grooved shakes 

 

 

 


200 mm in width

32

2

—


over 200 mm in width

32

3

—


Asbestos-cement shingles

32

2

—


Panel or sheet type cladding

 

 

150 mm along edges


up to 7 mm thick

38

—

300 mm


more than 7 mm thick

51

—

along intermediate supports


Column 1

2

3

4
9.27.5.5. Fastener Materials (1) Nails or staples for the attachment of cladding and wood trim shall be corrosion-resistant and shall be compatible with the cladding material.
9.27.5.6. Expansion and Contraction (1) Fasteners for metal or vinyl cladding shall be positioned to permit expansion and contraction of the siding.
9.27.5.7. Penetration of Fasteners (1) Fasteners for shakes and shingles shall penetrate through the nail-holding base or not less than 19 mm into the framing. (2) Fasteners for cladding other than that described in Sentence (1) shall penetrate through the nail-holding base or not less than 25 mm into the framing. 9.27.6.Lumber Siding
9.27.6.1. Materials (1) Lumber siding shall be sound, free of knot holes, loose knots, through checks or splits.
9.27.6.2. Thickness and Width (1) Drop, rustic, novelty, lapped board and vertical wood siding shall be not less than 14.3 mm thick and not more than 286 mm wide. (2) Bevel siding shall be (a) not less than 5 mm thick at the top, and (b) not less than (i) 12 mm thick at the butt for sidings 184 mm or less in width, and (ii) 14.3 mm thick at the butt for sidings wider than 184 mm. (3) Bevel siding shall be not more than 286 mm wide.
9.27.6.3. Joints (1) Lumber siding shall prevent water from entering at the joints by the use of lapped or matched joints or by vertical wood battens. (2) Siding shall overlap not less than 1 mm per 16 mm width of lumber, but not less than (a) 9.5 mm for matched siding, (b) 25 mm for lapped bevel siding, or (c) 12 mm for vertical battens. 9.27.7.Wood Shingles and Machine Grooved Shakes
9.27.7.1. Materials (1) Shingles and shakes shall conform to (a) CSA O118.1-M, “Western Red Cedar Shingles and Shakes,” or (b) CSA O118.2-M, “Eastern White Cedar Shingles”. (2) Western red cedar shakes shall be at least No. 1 grade and shingles at least No. 2 grade, except that No. 3 grade may be used for the lower course of double course applications. (3) Eastern white cedar shakes shall be at least B (clear) grade, except that C grade may be used for the lower course of double course applications.
9.27.7.2. Width (1) Shingles and shakes shall be not less than 65 mm nor more than 350 mm wide.
9.27.7.3. Fasteners (1) Shingles or shakes shall be fastened with nails located approximately 20 mm from each edge and not less than 25 mm above the exposure line for single-course applications, or approximately 50 mm above the butt for double-course applications.
9.27.7.4. Offsetting of Joints (1) In single-course application, joints in succeeding courses shall be offset at least 40 mm so that joints in any 2 of 3 consecutive courses are staggered. (2) In double-course application, joints in the outer course shall be offset from joints in the under-course by not less than 40 mm, and joints in succeeding courses shall be offset not less than 40 mm.
9.27.7.5. Fastening to Lath (1) When lath is used with double-course application, it shall be spaced according to the exposure and securely fastened to the framing. (2) The butts of the under-course of the application referred to in Sentence (1) shall rest on the top edge of the lath. (3) The outer course of the application referred to in Sentence (1) shall be fastened to the lath with nails of sufficient length to penetrate through the lath. (4) The butts of the shingles or shakes shall be so located that they project not less than 12 mm below the bottom edge of the lath referred to in Sentence (1). (5) If wood lath is not used, the butts of the under-course shingles or shakes of the application referred to in Sentence (1) shall be located 12 mm above the butts of the outer course.
9.27.7.6. Exposure and Thickness (1) The exposure and butt thickness of shingles shall conform to Table 9.27.7.6. Table 9.27.7.6. Exposure and Thickness of Wood Shingles and Machine Grooved Shakes Forming Part of Sentence 9.27.7.6.(1)  Shake or Shingle   Length, mm

Maximum Exposure, mm

Minimum Butt   Thickness, mm


Single Coursing

Double Coursing


400

190

305

10


450

216

356

11


600

292

406

13


Column 1

2

3

4 9.27.8.Asbestos-Cement Shingles and Sheets
9.27.8.1. Material Standards (1) Asbestos-cement shingles and sheets shall conform to (a) CAN/CGSB-34.4-M, “Siding, Asbestos Cement, Shingles and Clapboards”, (b) CAN/CGSB-34.5-M, “Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Corrugated”, (c) CAN/CGSB-34.14-M, “Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Decorative”, (d) CAN/CGSB-34.16, “Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Flat, Fully Compressed”, (e) CAN/CGSB-34.17-M, “Sheets, Asbestos Cement, Flat, Semi-compressed”, or (f) CAN/CGSB-34.21-M, “Panels, Sandwich Asbestos, Cement and Insulating Cores”.
9.27.8.2. Weight and Thickness (1) Asbestos-cement shingles shall weigh not less than 8.06 kg/m2. (2) Asbestos-cement sheet shall be not less than (a) 4.75 mm thick where applied to studs spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and, (b) 6 mm thick where applied to studs spaced not more than 600 mm o.c. (3) Where applied over sheathing, the thickness of asbestos-cement sheet shall be not less than 3.15 mm.
9.27.8.3. Fastening of Shingles (1) Asbestos-cement shingles shall be fastened with nails located not less than 25 mm above the exposure line.
9.27.8.4. Joints of Shingles (1) Asbestos-cement shingles shall be installed so that vertical joints in succeeding courses are staggered. (2) Asphalt-coated backer strips shall be installed behind each vertical joint. (3) Shingles referred to in Sentence (1) shall have not less than a 25 mm head lap.
9.27.8.5. Joints in Panels (1) Vertical joints of asbestos-cement panels shall be protected with batten strips, caulking or other suitable method. (2) Horizontal joints of asbestos-cement panels shall be lapped, flashed, caulked or otherwise suitably protected. 9.27.9.Plywood
9.27.9.1. Material Standards (1) Plywood cladding shall be exterior type conforming to (a) CSA O115-M, “Hardwood and Decorative Plywood”, (b) CSA O121-M, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, (c) CSA O151-M, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, or (d) CSA O153-M, “Poplar Plywood”.
9.27.9.2. Thickness (1) Plywood cladding shall be not less than 6 mm thick when applied directly to sheathing. (2) When applied directly to framing or over furring strips, plywood cladding thickness shall conform to Table 9.27.9.2. Table 9.27.9.2. Minimum Plywood Cladding Thickness Forming Part of Sentence 9.27.9.2.(2)  Spacing of Supports,   mm

Minimum Thickness, mm


Face Grain Parallel to Supports

Face Grain Right Angles to Supports


400

8

6


600

11

8


Column 1

2

3 (3) The thickness of grooved or textured plywood shall be measured at the point of least thickness.
9.27.9.3. Edge Treatment (1) The edges of plywood cladding shall be treated with a suitable paint or sealer.
9.27.9.4. Panel Siding (1) Plywood applied in panels shall have all edges supported. (2) Not less than a 2 mm gap shall be provided between panels referred to in Sentence (1). (3) Vertical joints in cladding referred to in Sentence (1) shall be protected with batten strips or caulking when the plywood joints are not matched. (4) Horizontal joints in cladding referred to in Sentence (1) shall be lapped not less than 25 mm or shall be suitably flashed.
9.27.9.5. Lapped Strip Siding (1) Plywood applied in horizontal lapped strips shall have not less than a 2 mm gap provided at the butted ends, which shall be caulked. (2) The horizontal joints of siding described in Sentence (1) shall be lapped not less than 25 mm. (3) Wedges shall be inserted under all vertical butt joints and at all corners when horizontal lapped plywood is applied without sheathing. 9.27.10.Hardboard
9.27.10.1. Material Standards (1) Factory-finished hardboard cladding shall conform to CAN/CGSB-11.5M, “Hardboard, Precoated, Factory-Finished, for Exterior Cladding”. (2) Hardboard cladding which is not factory finished shall conform to Types 1, 2 or 5 in CAN/CGSB-11.3-M, “Hardboard”.
9.27.10.2. Thickness (1) Type 1 or 2 hardboard cladding shall be not less than (a) 6.0 mm thick when applied over sheathing that provides continuous support, and (b) 7.5 mm thick when applied to furring or framing members not more than 400 mm o.c. (2) Type 5 hardboard cladding shall be not less than 9.0 mm thick when applied over sheathing that provides continuous support or over furring or framing members spaced not more than 400 mm o.c. (3) Where hardboard cladding is grooved, the grooves shall not extend more than 1 500 mm into the required thickness.
9.27.10.3. Panel Siding (1) Hardboard cladding applied in panels shall have all edges supported with not less than a 5 mm gap provided between sheets. (2) Vertical joints in cladding described in Sentence (1) shall be protected with batten strips or caulking when the joints are not matched. (3) Horizontal joints in cladding described in Sentence (1) shall be lapped not less than 25 mm or shall be suitably flashed.
9.27.10.4. Lapped Strip Siding (1) Hardboard applied in horizontal lapped strips shall have not less than a 5 mm gap provided at the butted ends, which shall be caulked or otherwise protected with suitable mouldings. (2) The horizontal joints of siding described in Sentence (1) shall overlap not less than 1 mm per 16 mm width of siding board but not less than 9.5 mm for matched joint siding or 25 mm for lapped siding.
9.27.10.5. Clearance (1) Not less than 3 mm clearance shall be provided between hardboard siding and door or window frames. 9.27.11.OSB and Waferboard
9.27.11.1. Material Standard (1) OSB and waferboard cladding shall conform to CAN3-O437.0, “OSB and Waferboard”.
9.27.11.2. Thickness (1) OSB conforming to O-2 grade shall be not less than 6.0 mm thick where applied directly to sheathing. (2) OSB conforming to O-2 grade applied directly to framing or over furring strips, shall conform to the thickness shown for plywood in Table 9.27.9.2. (3) OSB conforming to O-1 grade and waferboard conforming to R-1 grade shall be not less than 7.9 mm thick where applied directly to sheathing. (4) Where applied directly to framing or over furring strips, OSB conforming to O-1 grade and waferboard conforming to R-1 grade shall be not less than (a) 9.5 mm thick on supports spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and (b) 12.7 mm thick on supports spaced not more than 600 mm o.c.
9.27.11.3. Panel Cladding (1) OSB and waferboard applied in panels shall have all edges supported and treated with a primer or sealer. (2) Not less than a 3 mm gap shall be provided between sheets in cladding described in Sentence (1). (3) Vertical joints in cladding described in Sentence (1) shall be protected with batten strips or caulking when the OSB and waferboard joints are not matched. (4) Horizontal joints in cladding described in Sentence (1) shall be lapped not less than 25 mm or shall be suitably flashed.
9.27.11.4. Clearance (1) At least a 3 mm clearance shall be provided between OSB and waferboard cladding and door or window frames. 9.27.12.Metal Siding
9.27.12.1. Material Standards (1) Horizontal and vertical strip steel siding, including flashing and trim accessories, shall conform to CAN/CGSB-93.4-M, “Galvanized Steel and Aluminum-Zinc Coated Steel Siding, Soffits and Fascia, Prefinished, Residential”. (2) Steel sheet cladding shall have a minimum thickness of 0.3 mm and conform to CAN/CGSB-93.3-M, “Prefinished Galvanized and Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Sheet, for Residential Use”. (3) Horizontal and vertical strip aluminum siding, including flashing and trim accessories, shall conform to CAN/CGSB-93.2-M, “Prefinished Aluminum Siding, Soffits and Fascia, for Residential Use”. (4) Aluminum sheet cladding shall conform to CAN/CGSB-93.1-M, “Sheet, Aluminum Alloy, Prefinished, Residential” and shall have a thickness of not less than 0.58 mm, except that siding supported by backing or sheathing shall have a thickness of not less than 0.46 mm. 9.27.13.Vinyl Siding
9.27.13.1. Material Standard (1) Vinyl siding, including flashing and trim accessories, shall conform to CGSB 41-GP-24Ma, “Siding, Soffits and Fascia, Rigid Vinyl”.
9.27.13.2. Attachment (1) The attachment of vinyl siding shall conform to the requirements in Subsection 9.27.5. for metal siding. Section 9.28.Stucco 9.28.1.General
9.28.1.1. Sheathing Beneath Stucco (1) Sheathing shall be provided beneath stucco applied over wood-frame walls except as permitted in Article 9.28.4.2. (2) Where applied beneath stucco, sheathing shall conform to Subsection 9.23.16.
9.28.1.2. Lath and Reinforcing (1) Stucco lath or reinforcing shall be used to attach stucco to any substrate other than masonry. (2) Stucco lath or reinforcing shall be used to attach stucco to masonry where (a) the masonry is soft-burned tile or brick of less strength than the stucco, or (b) the masonry surface is not sound, clean and sufficiently rough to provide a good key. (3) Stucco applied over masonry chimneys shall be reinforced.
9.28.1.3. Concrete Masonry Units (1) Stucco finish shall not be applied over concrete masonry units less than one month old unless the units have been cured by the autoclave process.
9.28.1.4. Clearance over Ground Level (1) Stucco shall be not less than 200 mm above finished ground level except when it is applied over concrete or masonry.
9.28.1.5. Flashing and Caulking (1) Flashing and caulking used with stucco shall conform to Subsections 9.27.3. and 9.27.4., except that if aluminum flashing is used, it shall be separated from the stucco by an impervious membrane or coating. 9.28.2.Stucco Materials
9.28.2.1. Portland Cement (1) Portland cement shall conform to CAN/CSA-A5, “Portland Cement”.
9.28.2.2. Aggregate (1) Aggregate shall be clean, well-graded natural sand or sand manufactured from crushed stone, gravel or air-cooled blast furnace slag and shall contain no significant amounts of deleterious material. (2) Aggregate grading shall conform to Table 9.28.2.2. Table 9.28.2.2. Aggregate Grading for Stucco Forming Part of Sentence 9.28.2.2.(2)  Sieve Sizes, mm

% Passing


Maximum

Minimum


4

—

100


2

—

90


1

90

60


0.5

60

45


0.25

30

10


0.125

5

—


Column 1

2

3
9.28.2.3. Water (1) Water shall be clean and free of significant amounts of deleterious material. 9.28.3.Fasteners
9.28.3.1. Materials (1) Fasteners for stucco lath or reinforcing shall be corrosion-resistant and of a material other than aluminum.
9.28.3.2. Nails and Staples (1) Nails for stucco lath or reinforcing shall be not less than 3.2 mm diam with a head diameter of not less than 11.1 mm. (2) Staples for stucco lath reinforcing shall be not less than 1.98 mm diam or thickness. (3) Staples and nails for attaching stucco lath or reinforcing to vertical surfaces shall be of sufficient length to penetrate 25 mm into framing members or to the full depth of the sheathing where the sheathing is used for attachment. (4) On horizontal surfaces nails for stucco lath or reinforcing shall be not less than 38 mm long. 9.28.4.Stucco Lath
9.28.4.1. Materials (1) Rib lath or expanded metal stucco mesh shall be (a) copper-alloy steel coated with rust-inhibitive paint after fabrication, or (b) galvanized. (2) Woven or welded wire mesh shall be galvanized.
9.28.4.2. No Sheathing Required (1) Sheathing need not be provided beneath stucco where not less than 1.19 mm diam galvanized wire is applied horizontally to the framing at vertical intervals not exceeding 150 mm, or where paper-backed welded wire metal lath is used.
9.28.4.3. Stucco Lath Specifications (1) Stucco lath shall conform to Table 9.28.4.3. Table 9.28.4.3. Stucco Lath Forming Part of Sentence 9.28.4.3.(1)  Location

Type of Lath

Minimum Diam. of Wire, mm

Maximum Mesh   Opening

Minimum Mass,   kg/m2


Vertical surfaces

Welded or 

1.19

25 mm

—


woven

1.35

38 mm

—


wire

1.60

51 mm

—


Stucco mesh reinforcing (expanded metal)

—

25.8 cm2

0.98


Horizontal surfaces(1)

9.5 mm rib lath

—

—

1.84


Cedar lath

—

—

—


Column 1

2

3

4

5
9.28.4.4. Self-Furring Devices (1) Stucco lath shall be held not less than 6 mm away from the backing by means of suitable self-furring devices.
9.28.4.5. Application of Stucco Lath (1) Stucco lath shall be applied with the long dimension horizontal. (2) Horizontal and vertical joints shall be lapped not less than 50 mm. (3) End joints of stucco lath shall be staggered and shall occur over framing members. (4) External corners of stucco lath shall be reinforced with a vertical strip of lath or reinforcing extending not less than 150 mm on both sides of the corner, or the lath or reinforcing shall extend around corners not less than 150 mm.
9.28.4.6. Fastening (1) Stucco lath shall be fastened in conformance with Subsection 9.27.5. (2) Fasteners on vertical surfaces shall be spaced not more than (a) 150 mm o.c. vertically and 400 mm o.c. horizontally, or (b) 100 mm o.c. vertically and 600 mm o.c. horizontally. (3) Nailing patterns other than those required in Sentence (2) are permitted to be used provided there are not fewer than 20 fasteners per square metre of wall surface. (4) Fasteners on horizontal surfaces shall be spaced not more than (a) 150 mm o.c. along the framing members when members are spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and (b) 100 mm o.c. along members when members are spaced not more than 600 mm o.c. 9.28.5.Stucco Mixes
9.28.5.1. Mixes (1) Stucco mixes shall conform to Table 9.28.5.1. Table 9.28.5.1. Stucco Mixes Forming Part of Sentence 9.28.5.1.(1)  Materials, volume


Portland Cement

Masonry Cement

Lime

Aggregate


1

—

0.25 to 1

3.25 to 4 parts per part of cementitious material


1

1

—


Column 1

2

3

4
9.28.5.2. Pigments (1) Pigment if used shall consist of pure mineral oxides inert to the action of sun, lime and cement. (2) Pigment shall not exceed 6% of the portland cement by weight.
9.28.5.3. Mixing (1) Materials shall be thoroughly mixed before and after water is added. (2) Stucco shall be applied not later than 3 h after the initial mixing. 9.28.6.Stucco Application
9.28.6.1. Low Temperature Conditions (1) The base for stucco shall be maintained above freezing. (2) Stucco shall be maintained at a temperature of not less than 10°C during application and for not less than 48 h afterwards.
9.28.6.2. Number of Coats and Total Thickness (1) Stucco shall be applied with at least 2 base coats and one finish coat, providing a total thickness of not less than 15 mm, measured from the face of the lath or face of the masonry where no lath is used.
9.28.6.3. First Coat (1) The first coat shall be not less than 6 mm thick, measured from the face of the lath or masonry, fully embedding the lath. (2) The surface of the first coat shall be scored to provide a key with the second coat.
9.28.6.4. Second Coat (1) The second coat shall be not less than 6 mm thick. (2) The surface of the second shall be lightly roughened to provide a key with the finish coat if the finish coat is other than stone dash.
9.28.6.5. Finish Coat (1) When the finish coat is other than stone dash, the base shall be dampened but not saturated before the finish coat is applied. (2) The thickness of the finish coat shall be not less than 3 mm. (3) When a stone dash finish is used, the stone shall be partially embedded in the second coat before the second coat starts to set or stiffen. Section 9.29.Interior Wall and Ceiling Finishes 9.29.1.General
9.29.1.1. Fire Protection and Sound Control (1) A wall or ceiling finish shall also conform to the appropriate requirements in Sections 9.10 and 9.11 in addition to the requirements in this Section. 9.29.2.Waterproof Wall Finish
9.29.2.1. Where Required (1) Waterproof finish shall be provided to a height of not less than (a) 1 800 mm above the floor in shower stalls, (b) 1 200 mm above the rims of bathtubs equipped with showers, and (c) 400 mm above the rims of bathtubs not equipped with showers.
9.29.2.2. Materials (1) Waterproof finish shall consist of ceramic, plastic or metal tile, sheet vinyl, tempered hardboard, laminated thermosetting decorative sheets or linoleum. 9.29.3.Wood Furring
9.29.3.1. Size and Spacing of Furring (1) Wood furring for the attachment of wall and ceiling finishes shall conform to Table 9.29.3.1. Table 9.29.3.1. Size and Spacing of Furring Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.3.1.(1)  Maximum Spacing of Furring, mm

Minimum Size of Furring, mm


Maximum Spacing of Furring Supports


Continuous   Supports

400 mm   (o.c.)

600 mm   (o.c.)


300

19 x 38

19 x 38

19 x 64


400

19 x 38

19 x 38

19 x 64


600

19 x 38

19 x 64

19 x 89


Column 1

2

3

4
9.29.3.2. Fastening (1) Furring shall be fastened to the framing or to wood blocks with not less than 51 mm nails. 9.29.4Plastering
9.29.4.1. Application (1) Application of plaster wall and ceiling finishes including installation of metal or gypsum lath, shall conform to CSA A82.30-M, “Interior Furring, Lathing and Gypsum Plastering”. 9.29.5.Gypsum Board Finish (Taped Joints)
9.29.5.1. Application (1) The requirements for application of gypsum board in this Subsection apply to the single layer application of gypsum board to wood furring or framing using nails or screws. (2) Gypsum board applications not described in this Subsection shall conform to CSA A82.31-M, “Gypsum Board Application”.
9.29.5.2. Materials (1) Gypsum products shall conform to (a) CAN/CSA-A82.27, “Gypsum Board”, (b) ASTM C 36, “Gypsum Wallboard”, (c) ASTM C 37, “Gypsum Lath”, (d) ASTM C 442, “Gypsum Backing Board and Coreboard”, (e) ASTM C 558, “Gypsum Base for Veneer Plaster”, (f) ASTM C 630, “Water Resistant Gypsum Board Backing”, (g) ASTM C 931, “Exterior Gypsum Soffit Board”, or (h) ASTM C 960, “Predecorated Gypsum Board”.
9.29.5.3. Maximum Spacing of Supports (1) Maximum spacing of supports for gypsum board applied as a single layer shall conform to Table 9.29.5.3. Table 9.29.5.3. Spacing of Supports for Gypsum Board Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.3.(1)  Thickness mm

Orientation of Board to Framing

Maximum Spacing of   Supports, mm o.c.


Walls

Ceilings


Painted Finish

Water-Based   Texture Finish


9.5

parallel

—

—

—


perpendicular

400

400

—


12.7

parallel

600

400

—


perpendicular

600

600

400


15.9

parallel

600

400

—


perpendicular

600

600

600


Column 1

2

3

4

5
9.29.5.4. Support of Insulation (1) Gypsum board supporting insulation shall be at least 12.7 mm thick.
9.29.5.5. Length of Fasteners (1) The length of fasteners for gypsum board shall conform to Table 9.29.5.5., except that lesser depths of penetration are permitted for assemblies required to have a fire-resistance rating provided it can be shown, on the basis of fire tests, that such depths are adequate for the required rating. Table 9.29.5.5. Fastener Penetration into Wood Supports Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.5.(1)  Required Fire-Resistance Rating of Assembly

Minimum Penetration, mm


Walls

Ceilings


Nails

Screws

Nails

Screws


Not required

20

15

20

15


45 min

20

20

30

30


1 h

20

20

45

45


1.5 h

20

20

60

60


Column 1

2

3

4

5
9.29.5.6. Nails (1) Nails for fastening gypsum board to wood supports shall conform to CSA B111. “Wire Nails, Spikes and Staples”.
9.29.5.7. Screws (1) Screws for fastening gypsum board to wood supports shall conform to ASTM C1002, “Steel Drill Screws for the Application of Gypsum Board or Metal Plaster Bases”.
9.29.5.8. Spacing of Nails (1) For single-layer application nails shall be spaced not more than 180 mm on ceiling supports, and not more than 200 mm apart along vertical wall supports, except that nails may be spaced in pairs about 50 mm apart every 300 mm along such wall or ceiling supports. (2) Where the ceiling sheets are supported by the wall sheets around the perimeter of the ceiling, this support may be considered as equivalent to nailing at this location. (3) The uppermost wall nails shall be not more than 200 mm below the ceiling. (4) Nails shall be located not less than 10 mm from the side or edge of the board. (5) Nails shall be driven so that the heads are below the plane of the board surface but do not puncture the paper.
9.29.5.9. Spacing of Screws (1) Where gypsum board is applied with drywall screws, the screws shall be spaced not more than 300 mm o.c. along supports, except that on vertical surfaces the screws may be spaced 400 mm o.c. where the supports are not more than 400 mm o.c.
9.29.5.10. Low Temperature Conditions (1) In cold weather, heat shall be provided to maintain a temperature of not below 10°C for 48 h prior to taping and finishing and maintained for not less than 48 h thereafter. 9.29.6.Plywood Finish
9.29.6.1. Thickness (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the minimum thickness of plywood interior finish shall conform to Table 9.29.6.1. Table 9.29.6.1. Thickness of Plywood Interior Finish Forming Part of Articles 9.29.6.1. and 9.29.6.2.  Maximum Spacing of   Supports,   mm

Minimum Thickness, mm (1)


On supports with no Horizontal Blocking

On Supports with Blocking at Vertical Intervals not Exceeding 1.2 m


400

4.7

4.0


600

8.0

4.7


Column 1

2

3 Note to Table 9.29.6.1. (1) Thickness limits shall apply to the net effective thickness (NET) of grooved, striated, textured and/or embossed panels and to the actual thickness of flat panels. (2) A manufacturing tolerance of -0.4 mm may be applied to the thicknesses listed in Table 9.29.6.1. (3) No minimum thickness is required where plywood is applied over continuous backing.
9.29.6.2. Grooved Plywood (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), where plywood for interior finish is grooved, the grooves shall not extend through the face ply and into the plies below the face ply unless the groove is supported by framing or furring. (2) If the grain of the face ply is at right angles to the supporting members, the groove is permitted to extend into the plies below the face ply provided the thickness of the plywood exceeds the value shown in Table 9.29.6.1. by an amount equal to not less than the depth of penetration of the grooves into the plies below the face ply.
9.29.6.3. Nails and Staples (1) Nails for attaching plywood finishes shall not be less than 38 mm casing or finishing nails spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along edge supports and 300 mm o.c. along intermediate supports, except that staples providing equivalent lateral resistance may also be used.
9.29.6.4. Edge Support (1) All plywood edges shall be supported by furring, blocking or framing. 9.29.7.Hardboard Finish
9.29.7.1. Material Standard (1) Hardboard shall conform to CAN/CGSB-11.3-M, “Hardboard”.
9.29.7.2. Thickness (1) Hardboard shall be not less than (a) 3 mm thick where applied over continuous back-up, (b) 6 mm thick where applied to supports spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and (c) 9 mm thick where applied to supports spaced not more than 600 mm o.c.
9.29.7.3. Nails (1) Nails for fastening hardboard shall be casing or finishing nails not less than 38 mm long, spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along edge supports and 300 mm o.c. along intermediate supports.
9.29.7.4. Edge Support (1) All hardboard edges shall be supported by furring, blocking or framing where the back-up is not continuous. 9.29.8.Insulating Fibreboard Finish
9.29.8.1. Material Standard (1) Insulating fibreboard shall conform to CAN/CSA-A247-M, “Insulating Fibreboard”.
9.29.8.2. Thickness (1) Insulating fibreboard sheets shall be not less than 11.1 mm thick on supports not more than 400 mm o.c. (2) Insulating fibreboard tile shall be not less than 12.7 mm thick on supports spaced not more than 400 mm o.c.
9.29.8.3. Nails (1) Nails for fastening fibreboard sheets shall be not less than 2.6 mm shank diameter casing or finishing nails of sufficient length to penetrate not less than 20 mm into the supports. (2) Nails shall be spaced not more than 100 mm o.c. along edge supports and 200 mm o.c. along intermediate supports.
9.29.8.4. Edge Support (1) All fibreboard edges shall be supported by blocking, furring or framing. 9.29.9.Particleboard, OSB or Waferboard Finish 9.29.9.1.Material Standard (1) Particleboard finish shall conform to CAN3-O188.1, “Interior Mat-Formed Wood Particleboard”. (2) OSB or waferboard and strandboard finish shall conform to CSA O437.0, “OSB and Waferboard”.
9.29.9.2. Minimum Thickness (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the minimum thickness of O-2 grade OSB used as an interior finish shall conform to that shown for plywood in Table 9.29.6.1. (2) Thickness listed in Table 9.29.6.1. shall permit a manufacturing tolerance of - 0.4 mm. (3) No minimum thickness is required where O-2 grade OSB is applied over continuous backing. (4) OSB conforming to O-1 grade, waferboard conforming to R-1 grade and particleboard shall be (a) not less than 6.35 mm thick on supports not more than 400 mm o.c., (b) not less than 9.5 mm thick on supports not more than 600 mm o.c., and (c) not less than 6.35 mm thick on supports not more than 600 mm o.c. in walls where blocking is provided at midwall height.
9.29.9.3. Nails (1) Nails for fastening particleboard, OSB or waferboard shall be not less than 38 mm casing or finishing nails spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along edge supports and 300 mm o.c. along intermediate supports.
9.29.9.4. Edge Support (1) All particleboard, OSB or waferboard edges shall be supported by furring, blocking or framing. 9.29.10.Wall Tile Finish
9.29.10.1. Tile Application (1) Ceramic tile shall be set in a mortar base or applied with an adhesive. (2) Plastic tile shall be applied with an adhesive.
9.29.10.2. Mortar Base (1) When ceramic tile is applied to a mortar base the cementitious material shall consist of 1 part portland cement to not more than one-quarter part lime by volume. (2) The cementitious material described in Sentence (1) shall be mixed with not less than 3 nor more than 5 parts of aggregate per part of cementitious material by volume. (3) Mortar shall be applied over metal lath or masonry. (4) Ceramic tile applied to a mortar base shall be thoroughly soaked and pressed into place forcing the mortar into the joints while the tile is wet.
9.29.10.3. Adhesives (1) Adhesives to attach ceramic and plastic tile shall be applied to the finish coat or brown coat of plaster that has been steel-trowelled to an even surface or to gypsum board or to masonry provided the masonry has an even surface.
9.29.10.4. Moisture Resistant Backing (1) Ceramic and plastic tile installed on walls around bathtubs or showers shall be applied over moisture resistant backing.
9.29.10.5. Joints between Tiles and Bathtub (1) The joints between wall tiles and a bathtub or shower shall be suitably caulked with material conforming to CAN/CGSB-19.22-M, “Mildew Resistant Sealing Compound for Tubs and Tile”. Section 9.30.Flooring 9.30.1.General
9.30.1.1. Required Finish Flooring (1) Finished flooring shall be provided in all residential occupancies.
9.30.1.2. Water Resistance (1) Finished flooring in bathrooms, kitchens, public entrance halls, laundry and general storage areas shall consist of resilient flooring, felted-synthetic-fibre floor coverings, concrete, terrazzo, ceramic tile, mastic or other types of flooring providing similar degrees of water resistance.
9.30.1.3. Sleepers (1) Wood sleepers supporting finished flooring over a concrete base supported on the ground shall be not less than 19 mm by 38 mm and shall be treated with a wood preservative.
9.30.1.4. Finish Quality (1) Finished flooring shall have a surface that is smooth, even and free from roughness or open defects. 9.30.2.Panel-Type Underlay
9.30.2.1. Required Underlay (1) A panel-type underlay shall be provided under resilient flooring, parquet flooring, ceramic tile, felted-synthetic-fibre floor coverings or carpeting laid over lumber subflooring. (2) A panel-type underlay shall be provided under resilient flooring, parquet flooring, felted-synthetic-fibre floor coverings or carpeting on panel-type subflooring whose edges are unsupported. (3) Panel-type underlay shall be provided under resilient flooring on waferboard or strandboard subflooring. (4) Panel-type underlay shall be provided under ceramic tile applied with adhesive.
9.30.2.2. Materials and Thickness (1) Panel-type underlay shall be not less than 6 mm thick and shall conform to (a) CAN/CGSB-11.3-M, “Hardboard”, (b) CSA O115-M, “Hardwood and Decorative Plywood”, (c) CSA O121-M, “Douglas Fir Plywood”, (d) CSA O151-M, “Canadian Softwood Plywood”, (e) CSA O153-M, “Poplar Plywood”, (f) CAN3-O188.1-M, “Interior Mat-Formed Wood Particleboard”, or (g) CSA O437.0, “OSB and Waferboard” (2) Reserved
9.30.2.3. Fastening (1) Panel-type underlay shall be fastened to the subfloor with staples, annular grooved flooring nails or spiral nails, spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along the edges and 200 mm o.c. both ways at other locations. (2) Nails for panel-type underlay shall be not less than 19 mm long for 6 mm thick underlay and 22 mm long for 7.9 mm thick underlay. (3) Staples for panel-type underlay shall (a) have not less than a 1.2 mm shank diameter or thickness with a 4.7 mm crown, and (b) be not less than (i) 22 mm long for 6 mm underlay, and (ii) 28 mm long for 7.9 mm and 9.5 mm underlay.
9.30.2.4. Joints Offset (1) Where panel-type underlay is required to be installed over plywood, or OSB or waferboard, the joints in the underlay shall be offset at least 200 mm from the joints in the underlying subfloor.
9.30.2.5. Surface Defects (1) Underlay beneath resilient or ceramic floors applied with an adhesive shall have all holes or open defects on the surface patched so that the defects will not be transmitted to the finished surface. 9.30.3.Wood Strip Flooring
9.30.3.1. Thickness (1) The thickness of wood strip flooring shall conform to Table 9.30.3.1. Table 9.30.3.1. Thickness of Wood Strip Flooring Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.1.(1)  Type of Flooring

Max. Joist
Spacing, mm

Minimum Thickness of Flooring, mm


With Subfloor

No Subfloor


Matched hardwood

400

7.9

19.0


(interior use only)

600

7.9

33.3


Matched softwood

400

19.0

19.0


(interior or exterior use)

600

19.0

31.7


Square edge softwood

400

—

25.4


(exterior use only)

600

—

38.1


Column 1

2

3

4
9.30.3.2. Strip Direction and End Joints (1) Wood strip flooring shall not be laid parallel to lumber subflooring unless a separate underlay is provided. (2) If wood strip flooring is applied without a subfloor, it shall be laid at right angles to the joists so that the end joints are staggered and occur over supports or are end matched. (3) If the flooring is end matched, it shall be laid so that no 2 adjoining strips break joints in the same space between supports and each strip bears on no fewer than 2 supports.
9.30.3.3. Nailing (1) When nails are used, wood strip flooring shall be toe nailed or face nailed with not less than 1 nail per strip at the spacings shown in Table 9.30.3.3., except that face nailed strips of more than 25 mm in width shall have at least 2 nails per strip. Table 9.30.3.3. Nailing of Wood Strip Flooring Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.3.(1)  Finish Floor Thickness,
mm

Minimum Length of Flooring Nails,    mm

Maximum Spacing of Flooring Nails,    mm


 7.9

38(1)

200


11.1

51

300


19.0

57

400


25.4

63

400


31.7

70

600


38.1

83

600


Column 1

2

3 Note to Table 9.30.3.3.: (1)See Article 9.30.3.4. (2) Face nails shall be countersunk and the holes filled with suitable filler.
9.30.3.4. Staples (1) Staples are permitted to be used to fasten wood strip flooring not more than 7.9 mm in thickness and not more than 50 mm in width provided the staples (a) are not less than 29 mm long, (b) have a shank diameter of not less than 1.19 mm, (c) have a crown of not less than 4.7 mm, and (d) are spaced not more than 400 mm o.c. (2) Staples are permitted to be used to fasten wood strip flooring not more than 19 mm in thickness and not more than 83 mm in width provided the staples (a) are not less than 51 mm long, (b) have a shank diameter of not less than 1.82 mm, (c) have a crown of not less than 12.7 mm, and (d) are spaced not more than 400 mm o.c. 9.30.4.Parquet Flooring
9.30.4.1. Adhesive (1) Adhesive used to attach parquet block flooring shall be suitable for bonding wood to the applicable subfloor material. 9.30.5.Resilient Flooring
9.30.5.1. Materials (1) Resilient flooring used on concrete slabs supported on ground shall consist of asphalt, rubber, vinyl-asbestos, unbacked vinyl or vinyl with an inorganic type backing. (2) Flooring described in Sentence (1) shall be attached to the base with a suitable waterproof and alkali-resistant adhesive. 9.30.6.Ceramic Tile
9.30.6.1. Application (1) Ceramic tile shall be set in a mortar bed or applied to a sound smooth base with a suitable adhesive. (2) Panel-type subfloor to which ceramic tile is to be applied with adhesive shall have its edges supported according to Article 9.23.14.3.
9.30.6.2. Ceramic Tile Set in Mortar Bed (1) When ceramic tile is set in mortar bed, the bed shall be not less than 32 mm thick. A 50 mm by 50 mm galvanized wire mesh shall be placed in the mortar bed, and asphalt sheathing paper, felt or polyethylene film shall be applied under the mortar bed when the mortar is applied over wood subfloors. (2) The mortar bed described in Sentence (1) shall consist of by volume (a) 1 part portland cement, (b) 4 parts sand, and (c) 1 part water. (3) The tile joints for the ceramic tile in Sentence (1) shall be grouted with cement grout which shall be compressed into joints between the tiles and then wiped smooth.
9.30.6.3. Reinforcement for Panel-Type Wood Sheathing (1) Except as permitted in Article 9.30.6.4., when ceramic floor tiles are set on panel-type wood sheathing, one of the following assemblies for reinforcing the floor assembly shall be used (a) 20 mm thick plywood or waferboard with all edges supported by at least 38 mm by 38 mm blocking with floor joists spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., with 6 mm underlay, (b) sheathing with a thickness which conforms to Table 9.23.14.5.A. or a rating which complies to Table 9.23.14.5.B. and has an underlay consisting of 15.9 mm plywood or waferboard with offsetting joints, with a 4 mm gap between the sheets, or (c) sub-floor sheathing reinforced with close spaced 38 mm by 38 mm blocking at spacings at least half that of the floor joist spacing.
9.30.6.4. Ceramic Tile Applied to Mortar Bed with Adhesive (1) When ceramic tile is applied to a mortar bed with adhesive, the bed shall be not less than 12.5 mm thick. (2) The mortar bed described in Sentence (1) shall consist of by volume (a) 1 part portland cement, (b) 3 parts sand, and (c) 1 part water. (3) Not less than one layer of galvanized diamond mesh wire lath shall be imbedded in the mortar bed. (4) Joints in the wire lath required by Sentence (3) shall be overlapped not less than 12 mm. (5) The wire lath required in Sentence (1) shall be fastened to the subfloor with (a) lath nails not less than 38 mm in length spaced not more than 150 mm o.c., or (b) staples not less than 38 mm in length spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. (6) Asphalt sheathing paper, felt or polyethylene film shall be applied between the mortar bed and the wood subfloor. (7) Floor joists supporting the mortar bed described in Sentence (1) shall (a) be spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and (b) have not less than two rows of 38 mm x 38 mm cross bridging. (8) The tile joints for the ceramic tile in Sentence (1) shall be grouted with cement grout which shall be compressed into joints between the tiles and then wiped smooth. Section 9.31.Plumbing Facilities 9.31.1.Scope
9.31.1.1. Application (1) This Section applies to plumbing facilities and plumbing systems within dwelling units that are not within a recreational camp or a camp for housing of workers. (2) Plumbing facilities other than those required in dwelling units shall conform to Subsection 3.7.4. 9.31.2.General
9.31.2.1. General (1) The construction of plumbing systems shall conform to Part 7.
9.31.2.2. Corrosion Protection (1) Metal pipes in contact with cinders or other corrosive material shall be protected by a heavy coating of bitumen or other corrosion protection.
9.31.2.3. Grab Bars (1) When provided, grab bars shall be capable of resisting a load of not less than 1.3 kN applied vertically or horizontally. 9.31.3.Water Supply and Distribution
9.31.3.1. Required Water Supply (1) Reserved
9.31.3.2. Required Connections (1) In a dwelling unit with a water distribution system, piping for hot and cold water shall be connected to every kitchen sink, lavatory, bathtub, shower, slop sink and laundry area. (2) Piping for cold water shall be run to every water closet and hose bib. 9.31.4.Required Facilities
9.31.4.1. Required Fixtures (1) In a dwelling unit with a water distribution system, a kitchen sink, lavatory, bathtub or shower stall and water closet shall be provided.
9.31.4.2. Laundry Fixtures (1) Laundry facilities or a space for laundry facilities shall be provided in every dwelling unit or grouped elsewhere in the building in a location conveniently accessible to occupants of every dwelling unit.