jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
4.1.7.2. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), a room or enclosed space referred to in Article 4.1.7.1. shall be provided with a ventilation system having (a) continuous mechanical ventilation where Class I liquids are processed, dispensed or used in a manner that releases flammable vapours into the room or enclosed space, or (b) either natural or continuous mechanical ventilation where (i) Class I liquids are stored, processed, dispensed or used in a manner that does not release flammable vapours into the room or enclosed space, or (ii) Class II liquids are processed, dispensed or used. (2) Ventilation referred to in Clause (1)(b) need not be provided for the storage of Class I liquids if (a) storage consists of only closed containers, and (b) no dispensing operations are performed. (3) Ventilation required in Sentence (1) shall be sufficient to ensure that flammable vapour concentrations outside the zone identified as Class I, Division I in conformance with Article 4.1.4.1. do not exceed 25 per cent of the lower explosive limit of the flammable vapour. (4) Where a mechanical ventilation system is installed to meet the conditions of Sentence (3), it shall be capable of exhausting at least 18 m3/hr per square metre of room area, but not less than 250 m3/hr. (5) Where continuous mechanical ventilation is installed in order to meet the conditions of Sentence (1), it shall (a) be provided with automatic interlocks so that the activity generating flammable vapours cannot be performed when the ventilation system is not in operation, and (b) sound an audible alarm in an attended area upon shut down of the ventilation system. (6) Where ventilation to the exterior environment is required, concentrations shall not exceed point of impingement concentrations as specified in Regulation 346 made under the Environmental Protection Act. (7) Despite Sentences (1) and (2), for those occupancies of facilities that are covered by the Regulations for Industrial Establishments and the Regulations for Health Care and Residential Facilities under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, ventilation requirements for a room or enclosed space referred to in Article 4.1.7.1. shall be provided with (a) continuous mechanical ventilation where Class I liquids are processed, dispensed or used in a manner that releases flammable vapours into the room or enclosed space, and (b) continuous mechanical or natural ventilation to the outdoors by upper and lower vents where (i) Class I liquids are stored, or (ii) Class II liquids are processed, dispensed or used. Location of air inlets and outlets
4.1.7.3. (1) Ventilation air inlets and outlets within a room or enclosed space referred to in Article 4.1.7.1. shall be arranged in conformance with Sentences (2) to (4). (2) Where the flammable vapour being removed is heavier than air, (a) at least one air inlet shall be located at a point near a wall, no higher than 300 mm from the floor, and (b) at least one air outlet shall be located near the opposite wall, no higher than 300 mm from the floor. (3) Where the flammable vapour being removed is lighter than air, (a) at least one air inlet shall be located at a point near a wall, no lower than 300 mm from the ceiling, and (b) at least one air outlet shall be located near the opposite wall, no lower than 300 mm from the ceiling. (4) When the average air velocity in the room exceeds 0.5 m/s, make-up air shall be provided in conformance with Article 4.1.7.5. Location of mechanical ventilation exhaust air outlets
4.1.7.4. (1) Except as provided in Article 4.1.7.6., the exhaust air outlet from a mechanical ventilation system required in Article 4.1.7.2. shall be (a) located outdoors, not less than 3 m from any building opening, and (b) arranged so that the exhaust air does not discharge toward any unprotected opening within 7.5 m of the discharge point. Make-up air
4.1.7.6. (1) Where a mechanical ventilation system is installed in conformance with Article 4.1.7.2., and where exhaust air is recirculated, a fail-safe vapour detection and alarm system shall be provided to continuously monitor the flammable vapour concentration in the exhaust air, and if the vapour concentration exceeds 25 per cent of the lower explosive limit of the vapour, the system will (a) sound an alarm, (b) stop the recirculation of air, and (c) redirect the exhaust air to an outdoor location. Exclusive use of ducts
4.1.7.8. Inlet and exhaust openings and associated ducts shall be kept free of any obstructions that may interfere with the operation of the ventilation system. Subsection 4.1.8.Handling of Flammable and Combustible Liquids Containers and storage tanks
4.1.8.1. (1) All flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored in containers conforming to Subsection 4.2.3. or in storage tanks conforming to Subsection 4.3.1. (2) Containers and storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids shall be kept closed when not in use. Control of static electric charge
4.1.8.2. (1) When Class I liquids are dispensed into a container or storage tank, (a) if the container or storage tank is made of metallic or electrically conducting material, such container or storage tank shall be electrically connected to the fill stem, or rest on a conductive floor that is electrically connected to the fill stem, or (b) if the container or storage tank is made of non electrically conducting material, measures shall be taken to minimize the potential for a static electric charge to develop. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), when Class I liquids are transferred into a storage tank through the top of the tank, the fill pipe shall terminate within 150 mm of the bottom of the tank. (3) Sentence (2) shall not apply when (a) the storage tank vapour space cannot exceed 25 per cent of the lower explosive limit or is filled with an inert gas that prevents the ignition of the vapour mixture, or (b) the liquid being transferred has a minimum conductivity that prevents the accumulation of static electricity. (4) Fill pipes referred to in Sentence (2) shall be installed in such a way as to minimize vibration of the pipe. Transfer
4.1.8.3. (1) Class I liquids shall be drawn from or transferred into containers or storage tanks within a building (a) through a piping or transfer system conforming to Section 4.4, (b) by means of a pump designed in conformance with good engineering practice on top of the container or storage tank, or (c) by gravity through a self-closing valve designed in conformance with good engineering practice. (2) Except as provided in Subsection 4.4.10., the transfer of flammable or combustible liquids by means of pneumatic pressure applied to a container or storage tank shall not be permitted. Fuel tanks of vehicles
4.1.8.4. (1) It is permitted to use movable tanks for dispensing flammable or combustible liquids into the fuel tanks of vehicles or other motorized equipment provided such movable tanks are used in conformance with the requirements of this Part for storage tanks. (2) Only enclosed pumping equipment designed in conformance with good engineering practice shall be used to transfer Class I liquids to or from the fuel tanks of vehicles inside buildings. SECTION 4.2CONTAINER STORAGE AND HANDLING Subsection 4.2.1.Scope Application
4.2.1.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), this Section applies to the storage, handling and use of flammable or combustible liquids in (a) containers conforming to Clauses 4.2.3.1.(1)(a) to (d) having a capacity of not more than 230 L, or (b) portable tanks conforming to Clause 4.2.3.1.(1)(e) having an individual capacity of not more than 2500 L. (2) Except as otherwise stated in this Part, this Section shall not apply to (a) fuel dispensing stations, bulk plants, refineries and distilleries, (b) liquids in the fuel tank of motors or engines, (c) distilled beverage alcohol in closed containers when stored in conformance with Part 3 of the National Fire Code 1995, (d) food and pharmaceutical products when in closed containers having a capacity of not more than 5 L, or (e) products containing not more than 50 per cent by volume of water-miscible flammable or combustible liquids with the remainder of the solution being nonflammable, when in closed containers having a capacity of not more than 5 L. (3) Portable tanks having a capacity greater than 2500 L shall be installed in conformance with Section 4.3. (4) For the purpose of this Section, unstable liquids shall meet the requirements for Class IA liquids. (5) Except as otherwise stated, requirements for containers in this Part shall also apply to portable tanks described in Sentence (1). Subsection 4.2.2.General Storage locations
4.2.2.1. (1) Flammable or combustible liquids shall not be stored in or adjacent to exits, including outdoors, elevators or principal routes that provide access to exits. (2) Where flammable or combustible liquids are stored, storage shall be in conformance with Subsections 4.2.4. to 4.2.11. Storage arrangement
4.2.2.2. In addition to the provisions of this Section, the method of storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be determined to ensure stability of the stored products. Separation from other dangerous goods
4.2.2.3. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), flammable and combustible liquids shall be separated from other dangerous goods in conformance with Sections 3.2 and 3.3 of the National Fire Code 1995. (2) For the purposes of applying Table 3.2.7.6. of the National Fire Code 1995, Class IIIA liquids shall be treated as Class 3 dangerous goods. Subsection 4.2.3.Containers and Portable Tanks Design and construction
4.2.3.1. (1) Except as permitted in Articles 4.2.3.3. and 4.2.3.4., containers and portable tanks for flammable or combustible liquids shall be built in conformance with (a) the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada), (b) CSA-B376, “Portable Containers for Gasoline and Other Petroleum Fuels”, (c) CSA-B306, “Portable Fuel Tanks for Marine Use”, (d) ULC/ORD-C30, “Safety Containers”, or (e) Section 6 of CSA-B620, “Highway Tanks and Portable Tanks for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods”. Markings or labels
4.2.3.2. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Article 4.2.3.1., containers for flammable or combustible liquids shall be distinctly marked or labelled in easily legible type which is in contrast to any other printed matter on the label with a warning to indicate that (a) the material in the container is flammable, (b) it should be kept away from heat, sparks and open flames, and (c) it should be kept closed when not in use. (2) Markings referred to in Sentence (1) are not required when the container is labelled in conformance with (a) the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act (Canada) and its regulations, (b) the Hazardous Products Act (Canada) and its regulations, and (c) the Pest Control Products Act (Canada) and its regulations. Plastic and glass containers
4.2.3.3. Except as permitted in Articles 4.2.3.1. and 4.2.3.4., the storage, handling and use of flammable or combustible liquids in a glass or plastic container shall be permitted only if the required liquid purity would be affected by storage in a metal container or if the liquid would cause excessive corrosion of the metal container. Other containers
4.2.3.4. (1) Except as permitted in Sentences (2) and (3), the storage and use of Class I or II liquids, in containers other than those described in Article 4.2.3.1., shall not be permitted within a building. (2) A container of not more than 1 L capacity for Class I liquids and 5 L capacity for Class II or IIIA liquids need not conform to Article 4.2.3.1. (3) It is permitted to use sample containers not conforming to Article 4.2.3.1. for quality control or testing purposes. Subsection 4.2.4.Assembly and Residential Occupancies Application
4.2.4.1. (1) This Subsection applies to the storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids in buildings classified as assembly or residential occupancies, except that it shall not apply to nonresidential schools, universities or colleges covered in Subsection 4.2.6. Maximum quantities
4.2.4.2. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (4) and in Articles 4.2.4.5. and 4.2.4.6., the maximum quantity of flammable or combustible liquids stored in a building shall conform to Sentences (2) and (3). (2) When a single class of liquid is stored in a building, the total quantity of liquid shall not exceed (a) 30 L of Class I liquids, (b) 150 L of Class II liquids, or (c) 600 L of Class IIIA liquids. (3) When 2 or more classes of liquid are stored in the same building, the total quantity permitted for each class of liquid shall be calculated as follows: qI/30 + qII/150 + qIIIA/600 < 1 where  qI

=

the actual quantity of Class I liquid present, in litres,


qII

=

the actual quantity of Class II liquid present, in litres,


qIIIA

=

the actual quantity of Class IIIA liquid present, in litres. (4) Quantities of flammable or combustible liquids exceeding those permitted in Sentence (1) are permitted, provided they are kept (a) in storage cabinets conforming to Subsection 4.2.10., except that the total quantity of flammable and combustible liquids stored in such cabinets shall not exceed the quantity permitted for one cabinet, or (b) in a storage room conforming to Subsection 4.2.9. and having no openings that communicate directly with the public portions of the building. Storage cabinets and storage rooms
4.2.4.3. The storage cabinets and storage rooms referred to in Sentence 4.2.4.2.(4) shall not be located above or below the first storey. Exterior balconies
4.2.4.4. Flammable and combustible liquids shall not be stored on exterior balconies. Dwelling units
4.2.4.5. Not more than 30 L of flammable and combustible liquids, of which not more than 10 L shall be Class I liquids, are permitted to be stored in a dwelling unit. Attached garages and sheds
4.2.4.6. Not more than 50 L of flammable and combustible liquids, of which not more than 30 L shall be Class I liquids, are permitted to be stored in a garage or shed attached to a dwelling unit. Subsection 4.2.5.Mercantile Occupancies Maximum quantities
4.2.5.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (5), the quantities of flammable and combustible liquids stored in mercantile occupancies shall not exceed those in Sentences (2) to (4). (2) In unsprinklered mercantile occupancies, the maximum quantity of flammable and combustible liquids permitted to be stored in a single suite shall be the lesser of (a) 8 L for every 1 m2 of the total area of the suite, provided that not more than 2 L per m2 is Class I liquid, of which not more than 0.3 L per m2 shall be Class IA, Class IB, or any combination of these 2 classes, or (b) 8000 L, provided that not more than 2000 L is Class I liquid, of which not more than 300 L shall be Class IA or Class IB or any combination of these 2 classes. (3) In sprinklered mercantile occupancies, the maximum quantity of flammable and combustible liquids permitted to be stored in a single suite shall be the lesser of (a) 24 L for every 1 m2 of the total area of the suite, provided that not more than 6 L per m2 is Class I liquid, of which not more than 1 L per m2 shall be Class IA or Class IB or any combination of these 2 classes, or (b) 24000 L, provided that not more than 6000 L is Class I liquid, of which not more than 1000 L shall be Class IA or Class IB or any combination of these 2 classes. (4) For the purposes of calculating permissible quantities in Sentences (2) and (3), mercantile occupancies of less than 250 m2 floor area shall be assumed to be 250 m2 in area. (5) Quantities of flammable and combustible liquids in excess of those permitted in Sentences (2) to (4) shall be kept in a storage area conforming to Subsection 4.2.7. Containers
4.2.5.2. (1) Flammable and combustible liquids in mercantile occupancies shall be kept in closed containers. (2) Closed containers of Class I and II liquids shall not be stacked more than 1.5 m high on floors, or 1 m high on individual fixed shelves. (3) Class I liquids in closed containers are permitted to be stored in basements of mercantile occupancies. Transfer
4.2.5.3. In mercantile occupancies, transfer of flammable or combustible liquids into containers shall only be permitted in a storage room conforming to Subsection 4.2.9. Subsection 4.2.6.Business and Personal Services, Educational and Institutional Occupancies Application
4.2.6.1. (1) This Subsection applies to the storage, handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids in business and personal services occupancies and institutional occupancies and shall include nonresidential schools, universities and colleges. Storage cabinets and storage rooms
4.2.6.2. (1) Except as permitted in Article 4.2.6.3., flammable and combustible liquids shall be kept in closed containers and stored (a) in cabinets conforming to Subsection 4.2.10., except that the total quantity of flammable and combustible liquids stored in such cabinets shall not exceed the quantity permitted for one cabinet, or (b) in a room having no openings communicating directly with the public portions of the building and conforming to Subsection 4.2.9. Maximum quantities
4.2.6.3. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the storage of flammable and combustible liquids outside of a cabinet or room required in Article 4.2.6.2. is permitted, provided such storage does not exceed (a) 10 L, including not more than 5 L of Class I liquid, in a single room, or (b) 250 L, including not more than 60 L of Class II liquid, or 10 L of Class I liquid, in a single fire compartment having at least a 45-min fire separation. (2) In automotive shop or industrial arts areas of an educational facility, storage of up to 75 L of flammable and combustible liquids, including not more than 25 L of Class I liquid, shall be permitted outside of a cabinet or room as specified in Article 4.2.6.2. Containers
4.2.6.4. Where individual containers with a capacity of more than 5 L are required for storage of flammable or combustible liquids in a building, safety containers conforming to ULC/ORD-C30, “Safety Containers”, and of not more than 25 L capacity, shall be used. Separation of dangerous goods
4.2.6.5. Flammable or combustible liquids stored in cabinets or rooms shall be separated from other dangerous goods in conformance with Article 4.2.2.3. Subsection 4.2.7.Industrial Occupancies Application
4.2.7.1. This Subsection applies to the storage offlammable and combustible liquids in closed containers in industrial occupancies. Storage facilities
4.2.7.2. (1) Flammable and combustible liquids in industrial occupancies shall be stored (a) in storage areas conforming to Article 4.2.7.5., (b) in rooms conforming to Subsection 4.2.9., (c) in cabinets conforming to Subsection 4.2.10., or (d) in conformance with Subsection 4.2.8. Fire compartments
4.2.7.3. Fire compartments regulated by this Subsection shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of at least 2 hr. Dispensing and transfer
4.2.7.4. (1) Except as permitted in Subsection 4.2.8. and in Sentence (2), the dispensing or transfer of Class I or II liquids shall be conducted in rooms conforming to Subsection 4.2.9. (2) It is permitted to dispense or transfer Class I or II liquids in a storage area conforming to Article 4.2.7.5. provided (a) the storage area does not exceed 100 m2, and (b) the dispensing or transfer operations conform to the applicable requirements of Subsection 4.2.9. Maximum quantities
4.2.7.6. Measures to control spilled flammable or combustible liquids shall be provided in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. Fire suppression systems
4.2.7.7. (1) Where protection is required by this Part, storage areas for flammable and combustible liquids shall be (a) sprinklered in conformance with NFPA 30, “Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code”, or (b) protected by an automatic fire suppression system in conformance with an applicable standard listed in Sentence 6.8.1.1.(1). Clearances
4.2.7.8. (1) The clearance between the top of storage and the lowest structural members, sprinkler head deflectors or other overhead fire protection system components shall be not less than 450 mm. (2) A clearance of not less than 400 mm shall be maintained between stored flammable and combustible liquids and walls, except that where the width of storage adjacent to the wall is not more than 1.5 m, such wall clearance is not required. Aisles
4.2.7.9. Except as provided in Article 4.2.7.10., main aisles, access aisles and aisles defining individual storage areas shall be in conformance with Article 3.2.2.2. of the National Fire Code 1995. Separation from other dangerous goods
4.2.7.10. Flammable and combustible liquids shall not be stored with other dangerous goods unless in conformance with Article 4.2.2.3. Separation from combustible products
4.2.7.11. Combustible materials, other than those used for the packaging of flammable or combustible liquids, shall not be stored in the same individual storage area with such liquids. Absorbents
4.2.7.12. Absorbent materials shall be available in the storage area for use in clean-up of spilled flammable or combustible liquids in conformance with Article 4.1.6.3. Ventilation
4.2.7.13. Storage areas described in Article 4.2.7.1. shall be ventilated in conformance with Subsection 4.1.7. Subsection 4.2.8.Incidental Use Application
4.2.8.1. Except as otherwise noted in this Part, this Subsection applies to industrial occupancies where the use, storage and handling of flammable or combustible liquids is secondary to the principal activity. Maximum quantities
4.2.8.2. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3) and in Article 4.2.8.4., the quantity of flammable and combustible liquids permitted to be located outside of storage rooms conforming to Subsection 4.2.7., 4.2.9. or 4.3.13., or storage cabinets conforming to Subsection 4.2.10., in any one fire compartment of a building, shall not be more than (a) 600 L of flammable and combustible liquids in closed containers, of which not more than 100 L shall be Class IA liquids, and (b) 5000 L of Class IB, IC, II and IIIA liquids in storage tanks or portable tanks. (2) Where required for normal plant activity, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids are permitted to exceed those specified in Sentence (1), but shall not be greater than the supply for one day of normal operation. (3) Where larger quantities than are permitted by Sentence (1) are required, such quantities shall be in storage tanks installed in conformance with Sentence 4.3.12.4.(2). Handling
4.2.8.3. (1) Areas in which flammable or combustible liquids are transferred from one container or storage tank to another, or are used in such a way as to release potentially explosive concentrations of flammable vapours, shall be (a) separated from possible sources of ignition by a spatial separation of not less than 6 m, or by a fire separation, (b) provided with a drainage system to control spills in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6., (c) provided with absorbent materials to assist in clean-up of small liquid spills in conformance with Article 4.1.6.3., (d) provided with either natural or mechanical ventilation in conformance with Subsection 4.1.7., and (e) separated from other dangerous goods in conformance with Article 4.2.2.3. General storage areas
4.2.8.4. (1) In a general storage area covered in Subsection 3.2.3. of the National Fire Code 1995, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids are permitted to exceed those in Sentence 4.2.8.2.(1) provided the storage area is in conformance with Sentences (2) to (6). (2) The storage area referred to in Sentence (1) shall be sprinklered in conformance with Article 3.2.3.3. of the National Fire Code 1995, providing a level of protection not less than that required for Class IV commodities stored up to a height of 6 m. (3) The height of storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be not more than those permitted for unprotected storage in Table 4.2.7.A. (4) When a single class of liquid is stored, the total quantity in a single fire compartment shall be not more than (a) 2500 L of Class IB and IC liquid, (b) 5000 L of Class II liquid, or (c) 10000 L of Class IIIA liquid. (5) When 2 or more classes of liquid are stored in the same fire compartment, the total quantity permitted for each class of liquid shall be calculated as follows: qI/2500 + qII/5000 + qIIIA/10000 < 1 where  qI

=

the actual quantity of Class IB and IC liquid present,


qII

=

the actual quantity of Class II liquid present,


qIIIA

=

the actual quantity of Class IIIA liquid present. (6) When 2 or more classes of liquid are stored in the same individual storage area, the maximum quantity permitted in the individual storage area shall be that permitted for the liquid with the lowest limit listed in Sentence (4). Subsection 4.2.9.Rooms for Container Storage and Dispensing Maximum quantities
4.2.9.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), where flammable and combustible liquids are stored in a room required in this Part, the storage densities averaged over the total room area and the total quantities of such liquids shall conform to Table 4.2.9.A. (2) The maximum quantities and densities of flammable and combustible liquids shown in Table 4.2.9.A. are permitted to be doubled provided the storage room is protected by an automatic fire suppression system conforming to Article 4.2.7.7. (3) The maximum quantities of Class I liquids in an unprotected storage room with a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hr shall (a) not exceed those specified for unprotected storage in Table 4.2.7.A., and (b) comply with Sentences 4.2.7.5.(3) and (4). TABLE 4.2.9.A. Rooms for Container Storage and Dispensing Forming Part of Article 4.2.9.1.  Maximum Quantity, L

Minimum Fire Separation Around Room, hr

Maximum Density, L/m2


1500
10000

1
2

100
200 Spill control
4.2.9.2. (1) Storage rooms referred to in Article 4.2.9.1. shall be equipped with (a) liquid-tight seals between interior walls and the floor and a liquid-tight ramped sill at any door opening in an interior wall, and (b) a drain connected to a dry sump or holding tank for those occupancies that are covered by the Regulations for Industrial Establishments and the Regulations for Health Care and Residential Facilities under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. (2) Storage rooms referred to in Sentence (1) shall be designed to accommodate possible spills of flammable and combustible liquids in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. Ventilation
4.2.9.4. The contents of flammable and combustible liquids storage rooms referred to in Article 4.2.9.1. shall be arranged to provide aisle widths of not less than 1 m. Dispensing
4.2.9.5. Dispensing of flammable or combustible liquids from containers having a capacity of more than 30 L shall be by pumps or through self-closing valves, designed in conformance with good engineering practice. Explosion venting
4.2.9.6. (1) Except for the storage of distilled beverage alcohol, where Class IA or IB liquids are dispensed or stored in open containers within a storage room, the room shall be designed to prevent critical structural and mechanical damage from an internal explosion in conformance with NFPA 68, “Guide for Venting of Deflagrations”. (2) Despite Sentence (1), where Class IA liquids are stored in closed containers or Class I liquids are dispensed or stored in open containers for those occupancies or facilities that are covered by the Regulations for Industrial Establishments and the Regulations for Health Care and Residential Facilities under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, the room shall be designed to prevent critical structural and mechanical damage from an internal explosion in conformance with NFPA 68, “Guide for Venting of Deflagrations”. Portable extinguishers
4.2.9.8. (1) This Article applies to a dispensing room in occupancies covered by the Regulations for Industrial Establishments and the Regulations for Health Care and Residential Facilities under the Occupational Health and Safety Act where the room (a) has an area greater than 15 m2, or (b) has a distance of travel greater than 4.5 meters from any point in the room to an egress doorway. (2) A dispensing room shall be equipped with self-closing doors hinged to swing outward on their vertical axis. (3) A dispensing room shall be located in a floor area that has at least two exits. (4) A dispensing room shall have at least two egress doorways that are at least three-quarters of the maximum diagonal dimension of the room from each other. (5) At least one egress doorway shall be located within 23 m from any point in the dispensing room. Subsection 4.2.10.Cabinets for Container Storage Containers
4.2.10.1. Flammable and combustible liquids stored in cabinets required in this Part shall be in closed containers conforming to Article 4.2.3.1. Maximum quantity per cabinet
4.2.10.2. The maximum quantity of flammable and combustible liquids stored in a cabinet shall be 500 L, of which not more than 250 L shall be Class I liquids. Maximum quantity per fire compartment
4.2.10.3. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the total quantity of flammable and combustible liquids stored in cabinets in a single fire compartment shall not exceed the quantity permitted in Article 4.2.10.2. for 3 cabinets. (2) In industrial occupancies, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids greater than those specified in Sentence (1) are permitted in a single fire compartment where (a) the total quantity stored in a group of cabinets is not more than the quantity permitted for 3 cabinets, and (b) the distance between groups of cabinets described in Clause (a) is not less than 30 m. (3) In institutional occupancies, the total quantity of flammable and combustible liquids stored in cabinets in a single fire compartment shall not exceed the quantity permitted for one cabinet. Labelling
4.2.10.4. Cabinets for container storage shall be labelled in conspicuous lettering to indicate that the cabinet contains flammable materials and that open flames must be kept away. Storage cabinets
4.2.10.5. (1) Storage cabinets required in this Part shall (a) conform to ULC-C1275, “Storage Cabinets for Flammable Liquid Containers”, (b) conform to ULI 1275, “Flammable Liquid Storage Cabinets”, (c) be Factory Mutual Research Approved, or (d) be listed as meeting NFPA 30. Ventilation
4.2.10.6. (1) When a storage cabinet required in this Part is provided with ventilation openings, (a) the ventilation openings shall be sealed with materials providing fire protection at least equivalent to that required for the construction of the cabinet, or (b) the cabinet shall be vented outdoors using vent piping providing fire protection at least equivalent to that required in Clause (a) for seals. Subsection 4.2.11.Outdoor Container Storage Quantities and clearances
4.2.11.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the quantities and clearances for flammable and combustible liquids stored in containers in outdoor storage areas shall conform to Table 4.2.11.A. (2) The clearances required in Sentence (1) do not apply where not more than 5000 L of flammable or combustible liquids are stored adjacent to a building on the same property, and (a) the building is one storey in building height and used primarily for the storage or handling of flammable or combustible liquids, or (b) the exposed wall has a fire-resistance rating of at least 2 hr and has no openings within 3 m of such outdoor storage. TABLE 4.2.11.A. Outdoor Container Storage Forming Part of Article 4.2.11.1.  Class of Liquid

Maximum Total Quantity per Pile, L

Minimum Distance Between Piles, m

Minimum Distance to a Property Line or to a Building on the Same Property, m


Class IA

5000

1.5

6


Class IB or IC

15000

1.5

6


Class II

35000

1.5

6


Class IIIA

85000

1.5

6 Mixed storage
4.2.11.2. Where 2 or more liquids with different flash points are stored outdoors in containers that form a single pile, the maximum total quantity permitted in the pile shall be equal to that permitted for the liquid with the lowest flash point. Fire department access
4.2.11.3. An access route not less than 6 m wide, constructed in conformance with Subsection 3.2.5. of the Building Code, shall be provided in outdoor storage areas to permit the approach of fire department vehicles to within 60 m of any part of a pile. Spill control
4.2.11.4. Outdoor storage areas for flammable or combustible liquids shall be designed to accommodate possible spillage in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. Fencing
4.2.11.5. (1) An outdoor area used for the container storage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be surrounded by a firmly anchored fence that is (a) substantially constructed to discourage climbing and unauthorized entry, (b) not less than 1.8 m high, and (c) provided with gates that shall be locked when the storage area is not staffed. SECTION 4.3TANK STORAGE Subsection 4.3.1.Design, Construction and Use of Storage Tanks Application
4.3.1.1. This Section applies to storage tanks for flammable and combustible liquids. Atmospheric storage tanks
4.3.1.3. (1) Low pressure storage tanks shall be constructed in conformance with (a) API 620, “Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks”, or (b) ANSI/ASME, “Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code”. (2) Pressure vessels shall be constructed in conformance with CSA-B51, “Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code”. (3) Low pressure storage tanks and pressure vessels are permitted to be used as atmospheric storage tanks. Operating pressure
4.3.1.5. The exposed surface of every aboveground storage tank for flammable or combustible liquids which is fabricated of any ferrous substance shall be thoroughly coated with rust-resisting material compatible with the tank. Floating roofs
4.3.1.6. Except for perimeter sealing material, floating roof assemblies or internal floating covers installed in storage tanks shall be constructed of metal, or other materials and design conforming to one of the tank construction standards listed in this Subsection. Identification
4.3.1.7. A storage tankand its filling and emptying connections shall be identified in conformance with CPPI, “Using the CPPI Colour-Symbol System to Mark Equipment and Vehicles for Product Identification” or to CAN/CGSB-24.3, “Identification of Piping Systems”. Overfill protection
4.3.1.8. (1) A storage tank shall be prevented from being overfilled by providing (a) continuous supervision of the filling operations by personnel qualified to supervise such operations, or (b) an overfill protection device conforming to ULC/ORD-C58.15, “Overfill Protection Devices for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks”. Subsection 4.3.2.Installation of Outside Aboveground Storage Tanks Location
4.3.2.1. (1) Every outside aboveground storage tank for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be located in conformance with Sentences (2) to (5) with respect to the property line and any building on the same property. (2) Except as provided in Sentences (6) and (7), every aboveground storage tank containing stable liquids and having a working pressure of not more than 17 kPa (gauge) shall be separated from a property line and any building on the same property by distances (a) half those in Table 4.3.2.A. where protection is provided against fire or explosion in the tank in conformance with Sentence 4.3.2.5.(2), or (b) equal to those in Table 4.3.2.A. where protection referred to in Clause (a) is not provided. (3) Every aboveground storage tank containing unstable liquids and having a working pressure of not more than 17 kPa (gauge) shall be separated from a property line and any building on the same property by distances (a) equal to those in Table 4.3.2.A., but not less than 7.5 m, where protection is provided against fire or explosion in the tank in conformance with Sentence 4.3.2.5.(2), or (b) 3 times those in Table 4.3.2.A., but not less than 15 m, where protection referred to in Clause (a) is not provided. (4) Every aboveground storage tank containing boil-over liquids shall be separated from a property line and any building on the same property by distances (a) 0.75 times those in Table 4.3.2.A. where protection is provided against fire or explosion in the tank in conformance with Sentence 4.3.2.5.(2), or (b) equal to those in Table 4.3.2.A. where protection referred to in Clause (a) is not provided. (5) Where a storage tank containing stable liquids or unstable liquids has a working pressure greater than 17 kPa (gauge), the distances from a property line and any building on the same property shall be those specified in Sentences (2) and (3) multiplied by 1.5, but shall be not less than 7.5 m. (6) The minimum distance required in Sentence (2) from a storage tank containing only Class II or IIIA liquids to a building on the same property is permitted to be reduced to (a) 1.5 m provided the tank capacity is not more than 50000 L, or (b) zero provided the tank capacity is not more than 2500 L. (7) The minimum distance required in Sentence (2) is permitted to be waived provided the storage tank (a) is in conformance with ULC-S655, “Aboveground Protected Tank Assemblies for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”, and (b) has a capacity of not more than 50000 L. (8) Where end failure of horizontal storage tanks may endanger adjacent property, the tanks shall be placed with the longitudinal axis parallel to such property. TABLE 4.3.2.A. Location of Aboveground Storage Tanks Forming Part of Article 4.3.2.1.  Maximum Tank Capacity, L

Minimum Distance to a Property Line or to a Building on the Same Property, m


250000

3


500000

4.5


2500000

9


5000000

12


over 5000000

15 Spacing between storage tanks
4.3.2.2. (1) Except as required in Sentences (2) and (3) and in Article 4.3.2.3., the minimum distance between every combination of two aboveground storage tanks shall be 0.25 times the sum of their diameters, but shall be not less than 1 m. (2) The minimum distance between any two storage tanks, neither of which has a capacity of more than 250000 L, shall be 1 m. (3) Where either of the two aboveground storage tanks contains unstable liquids, the distance required in Sentences (1) and (2) shall be doubled. Clearances from liquefied petroleum gas cylinders and tanks
4.3.2.3. (1) The minimum separation between a flammable or combustible liquid storage tank and a liquefied petroleum gas cylinder or tank shall be 6 m. (2) Secondary containments for flammable or combustible liquid storage tanks shall not contain any liquefied petroleum gas cylinder or tank, and the centre line of the secondary containment wall shall be not less than (a) 3 m away from a liquefied petroleum gas cylinder, and (b) 7 m away from a liquefied petroleum gas storage tank. Fire department access
4.3.2.4. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids shall be spaced so that each storage tank is accessible for fire fighting purposes. (2) An access route constructed in conformance with Subsection 3.2.5. of the Building Code shall be provided in outdoor storage areas to permit the approach of fire department vehicles to within 60 m of any storage tank. (3) Where fire fighting access to storage tanks containing Class I or II liquids is not provided, fire extinguishing measures conforming to Sentence 4.3.2.5.(2) shall be provided. Fire protection systems
4.3.2.5. (1) Where the diameter of a storage tank exceeds 45 m, the storage tank shall be provided with protection against fire or explosion in conformance with Sentence (2). (2) Protection against fire or explosion required for a storage tank shall consist of fixed protection systems designed in conformance with good engineering practice such as described in (a) NFPA 11, “Low-Expansion Foam”, (b) NFPA 15, “Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection”, and (c) NFPA 69, “Explosion Prevention Systems”. Leakage testing
4.3.2.6. At the time of installation, aboveground storage tanks and associated piping shall be tested for leakage in conformance with Subsections 4.3.15. and 4.4.6. Subsection 4.3.3.Supports, Foundations and Anchorage for Aboveground Storage Tanks Foundations and supports
4.3.3.1. (1) Storage tanks shall rest on the ground or on foundations, supports or piling made of concrete, masonry or steel in conformance with (a) Appendix B of API 650, “Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage”, and (b) Appendices C and D of API 620, “Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks”. (2) Tank supports shall be installed on firm foundations designed to minimize uneven settling of the tank and to minimize corrosion of the part of the tank resting on the foundation. (3) Except for steel saddles that are less than 300 mm high at their highest point, supports for storage tanks shall provide a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hr. (4) Every aboveground storage tank shall be supported in a manner that will prevent the allowable design stress of the tank from being exceeded. Earthquake protection
4.3.3.2. (1) In areas subject to earthquake forces, storage tanks, supports and connections shall be designed to resist such forces in conformance with (a) Part 4 of the Building Code, and (b) Appendix A of ULC-S630, “Shop Fabricated Steel Aboveground Vertical Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. Protection against flooding
4.3.3.3. When aboveground storage tanks are located in an area that may be subject to flooding, the tanks shall be securely anchored to prevent floating. Subsection 4.3.4.Normal and Emergency Venting for Aboveground Storage Tanks Design and installation
4.3.4.1. (1) Atmospheric and low pressure storage tanks shall be provided with normal and emergency venting in conformance with (a) API 2000, “Venting Atmospheric and Low Pressure Storage Tanks”, or (b) the appropriate tank design standard listed in Sentence 4.3.1.2.(1). Unstable liquids
4.3.4.2. When unstable liquids are stored, the effects of heat or gas resulting from polymerization, decomposition, condensation or self-reactivity shall be allowed for in the determination of the total venting capacity. Subsection 4.3.5.Vent Piping for Aboveground Storage Tanks Materials and construction
4.3.5.1. Vent piping materials and construction shall conform to Section 4.4. Location of vent pipe outlets
4.3.5.2. (1) Vent pipe outlets for storage tanks of Class I liquids (a) shall be located outside buildings, not less than (i) 3.5 m above the adjacent ground level, and (ii) 1.5 m from any building opening, and (b) shall discharge so that flammable vapours will not enter the building or be trapped near any part of the building. (2) Vent pipe outlets for Class II or IIIA liquids shall discharge outside buildings, not less than (a) 2 m above the adjacent ground level, and (b) 1.5 m from any building opening. Interconnection of vent piping
4.3.5.3. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), 2 or more storage tanks are permitted to be connected to a common vent pipe for normal relief venting provided the vent pipe size is designed to vent the combined vapours produced in the connected tanks without exceeding the allowable stresses of the tanks. (2) Vent piping for storage tanks for Class I liquids shall not be connected to vent piping for storage tanks for Class II or IIIA liquids unless an effective arrangement is provided to prevent the vapours from the Class I liquids from entering the other tanks. Subsection 4.3.6.Openings Other than Vents in Aboveground Storage Tanks Provision of valves
4.3.6.1. Connections to aboveground storage tanks at any level below the highest level to which the liquid will rise shall be provided with valves located as close as practicable to the shell. Materials
4.3.6.2. (1) Valves and their connections to a storage tank shall be made of steel, except that when the chemical characteristics of the liquid stored are incompatible with steel, materials other than steel are permitted to be used. (2) Materials for valves and their connections to a storage tank shall be suitable for the pressures, stresses and temperatures that may be expected, including those of possible fire exposure. Openings for liquid level measurements
4.3.6.4. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), connections used as part of normal operating conditions for filling or emptying storage tanks for flammable and combustible liquids shall be located (a) outside buildings, (b) at a location free of sources of ignition, and (c) not less than 1.5 m from building openings. (2) Connections for filling or emptying storage tanks shall be kept closed to prevent leakage when not in use. (3) A filling connection described in Sentence (1) is permitted to be located inside a building where (a) made necessary (i) by a process or activity located indoors and to which the tank is directly associated, or (ii) for the collection of used liquids, and (b) the fill piping is provided with means to prevent flammable vapours from returning to the building. Subsection 4.3.7.Secondary Containment for Aboveground Storage Tanks General
4.3.7.2. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the base and walls of a secondary containment shall be made of noncombustible materials, and shall be designed, constructed and maintained to (a) withstand full hydrostatic head, and (b) provide a permeability of not more than 10-6 cm/s to the flammable or combustible liquids contained in the storage tanks. (2) Where a membrane provides the level of impermeability required in Sentence (1), the membrane shall (a) conform to ULC/ORD-C58.9, “Secondary Containment Liners for Underground and Aboveground Flammable and Combustible Liquid Tanks”, and (b) if combustible, be covered with a noncombustible material of such nature and thickness that the membrane will not fail when the secondary containment is exposed to fire. (3) Except as provided in Sentence (4), openings shall not be permitted in a secondary containment. (4) Where piping passes through a secondary containment, such passages shall conform to Sentences (1) and (2). Capacity
4.3.7.3. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), a secondary containment for a single storage tank shall have a volumetric capacity of not less than 110 per cent of the capacity of the tank. (2) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), a secondary containment for more than one storage tank shall have a volumetric capacity of not less than the sum of (a) the capacity of the largest storage tank located in the contained space, and (b) 10 per cent of the greater of (i) the capacity specified in Clause (a), or (ii) the aggregate capacity of all other storage tanks located in the contained space. (3) When the secondary containment is designed to prevent the entry of precipitation and water used for fire fighting purposes into the contained space, it shall have a volumetric capacity of not less than the capacity of the largest storage tank located in the contained space. Clearances
4.3.7.4. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), no part of a secondary containment wall shall be less than 1.5 m from a storage tank shell. (2) It is permitted to waive the distance required in Sentence (1) provided the storage tank (a) is constructed in accordance with (i) Clauses 4.3.1.2.(1)(l), (m), (o), (p) or (q), incorporating secondary containment, or (ii) Clauses 4.3.1.2.(1)(e), (j) or (k) for double-walled storage tanks, (b) has a capacity of not more than 50000 L, and (c) is protected by posts or guardrails when exposed to collision damage. Access to storage tanks and ancillary equipment
4.3.7.5. (1) A secondary containment shall permit (a) access to storage tanks, valves and ancillary equipment, (b) egress from the contained space, and (c) access for fire fighting as specified in Article 4.3.2.4. (2) Where a storage tank contains Class I liquids, provisions shall be made for the normal operation of valves and for access to the storage tank roof without entering the contained space created by the secondary containment when (a) the average height of the secondary containment exceeds 3.5 m, measured from the ground level of the interior of the contained area, or (b) the distance between the tank shell and the top inside edge of the secondary containment wall is less than the height of this wall. Emergency venting
4.3.7.7. Where the contained space created by the secondary containment is not accessible for visual examination, a monitoring device shall be provided to indicate the presence of liquid in, or the loss of integrity of the secondary containment. Drainage