jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
4.3.7.8. (1) Liquids, debris and precipitation shall not be permitted to accumulate in the contained space created by the secondary containment. (2) Provisions shall be made for removing liquid from the secondary containment in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. (3) Controls for the liquid removal system required in Sentence (2) shall be (a) normally closed, (b) accessible under fire exposure conditions, and (c) located so they can be operated from outside the contained space. Use of secondary containment
4.3.7.9. The contained space created by a secondary containment shall not be used for storage purposes. Subsection 4.3.8.Installation of Underground Storage Tanks Location
4.3.8.1. (1) Underground storage tanks shall be located so that (a) foundations of existing buildings will not be undermined during excavation, and (b) loads from building foundations and supports are not transmitted to the tank. (2) Underground storage tanks shall be located not less than (a) 600 mm from adjacent tanks, (b) 1 m from a building or street line, and (c) 1.5 m from other property lines. Ground cover
4.3.8.2. (1) Except as required in Sentences (2) to (4), underground storage tanks shall be installed with not less than 600 mm of ground cover over the tank. (2) Except as required in Sentence (3), storage tanks subject to vehicular traffic shall be installed not less than 1 m below finished ground level. (3) Either a 150 mm reinforced concrete slab or a 200 mm unreinforced concrete slab over not less than 450 mm of sand is permitted in lieu of the protection described in Sentence (2) provided the slab extends at least 300 mm beyond the storage tank. (4) Where subsurface conditions make it impractical to install a storage tank totally below adjacent ground level, an underground storage tank shall be installed so that at least (a) 75 per cent of its mass is below adjacent ground level provided there is not less than 600 mm of ground cover over the portion of the tank above adjacent ground level, or (b) 50 per cent of its mass is below adjacent ground level provided there is not less than 1 m of ground cover over the portion of the tank above adjacent ground level. Damage repair
4.3.8.3. (1) Underground storage tanks in the process of being installed shall be inspected, and any damage to the protective coating or anodes shall be repaired before they are lowered into the excavation. (2) Damage to storage tank shells shall not be repaired on site. Damage prevention
4.3.8.4. (1) Underground storage tanks shall be lowered into the excavation by the use of lifting lugs and hooks and, where necessary, spreader bars to prevent damage to the protective coating. (2) Any method of handling that may result in damage to the protective coating of the tank shall not be used. Installation
4.3.8.5. (1) Underground steel storage tanks shall be installed in conformance with Appendix B of CAN/ULC-S603.1, “Galvanic Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (2) Underground reinforced plastic storage tanks shall be installed in conformance with Appendix A of CAN4-S615, “Reinforced Plastic Underground Tanks for Petroleum Products”. (3) Underground storage tanks shall not be placed in direct contact with reinforced concrete slabs but shall be separated by not less than 150 mm of sand or other suitable material to distribute evenly the weight of the tank on the supporting base. Leakage testing
4.3.8.6. (1) At the time of installation, underground storage tanks and associated piping shall be tested for leakage in conformance with Subsections 4.3.15. and 4.4.6. Filling
4.3.8.7. (1) Flammable or combustible liquids shall not be placed in an underground storage tank until (a) the fill pipe and vent line have been installed in the tank, and (b) all other openings have been sealed. Spillage
4.3.8.8. If a spillage occurs, the escaped liquid and all soil contaminated by the spill shall be removed in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. Anchorage
4.3.8.9. (1) Where a high water table is anticipated, underground storage tanks shall be protected against uplift due to hydrostatic forces when the tanks are empty. (2) Where anchors and ground straps are used to resist uplift forces referred to in Sentence (1), they shall be (a) electrically isolated from the tank, and (b) installed in such a manner that they do not damage the protective coating on the tank. Subsection 4.3.9.Corrosion Protection of Underground Steel Storage Tanks Corrosion protection
4.3.9.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), underground steel storage tanks and associated piping and fittings subject to corrosion shall be protected in conformance with CAN/ULC-S603.1, “Galvanic Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (2) A steel storage tank not conforming to Sentence (1) is permitted provided (a) it conforms to ULC/ORD-C58.10, “Jacketed Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”, or (b) it has corrosion protection conforming to good engineering practice such as described in PACE Report No. 87-1, “Impressed Current Method of Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks”, published by the Canadian Petroleum Products Institute. Subsection 4.3.10.Vents for Underground Storage Tanks Vent design
4.3.10.2. Vent piping materials and construction shall conform to Section 4.4. Installation
4.3.10.3. (1) Vent pipe outlets from underground storage tanks for Class I liquids shall (a) be located outside buildings higher than the fill pipe openings but not less than (i) 3.5 m above the adjacent ground level, (ii) 1.5 m from any building opening, and (iii) 7.5 m from any dispenser, and (b) discharge so that flammable vapours will not enter building openings or be trapped near any part of the building. (2) Vent pipes from underground storage tanks for Class II or IIIA liquids shall be located outside buildings at a height that is above the fill pipe opening but not less than 2 m above finished ground level. (3) Vent pipes from underground storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids shall not be obstructed by any device that may cause excessive back pressure, except that vent pipes from underground storage tanks for Class II or Class IIIA liquids are permitted to be fitted with return bends, coarse screens or other devices to minimize the entry of foreign material. (4) Vent piping shall enter the storage tank through the top of the tank and shall not extend into the tank more than 25 mm except when the vent is equipped with a vent alarm. (5) Vent piping shall be (a) installed so that any nominally horizontal run shall slope towards the storage tank, (b) constructed without traps, (c) adequately supported to prevent sagging, and (d) where necessary, protected against mechanical damage. Interconnection of vent pipes
4.3.10.4. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), where vent piping connects 2 or more storage tanks, pipe sizes shall be designed to vent the combined vapours produced in the connected underground storage tanks without exceeding the allowable stresses of the tanks when being filled simultaneously. (2) Where it is not possible to fill the connected storage tanks referred to in Sentence (1) simultaneously, or where the connected vents have a vapour recovery system, the vent piping shall be sized to accommodate the maximum vapour flow possible in the system. (3) Vent piping for an underground storage tank containing a Class I liquid shall not be connected to the vent piping for a storage tank containing a Class II or IIIA liquid unless an effective method is provided to prevent the vapours from the Class I liquid storage tank from entering the other tank. Subsection 4.3.11.Openings Other than Vents in Underground Storage Tanks Connections
4.3.11.2. Openings for measuring liquid levels in underground storage tanks if independent of the fill pipe shall be equipped with a vapour-tight cap or cover which shall be opened only when measuring the liquid level. Fill piping and discharge piping
4.3.11.3. (1) Fill piping and discharge piping shall enter underground storage tanks only through the top of the tank and discharge piping used in suction systems shall be sloped toward the storage tanks. (2) Remote fill outlets from an underground storage tank shall not be located higher than other outlets from the tank. (3) Except as provided in Sentence (5), connections used as part of normal operating conditions for filling or emptying storage tanks for flammable and combustible liquids shall be located (a) outside buildings, (b) at a location free of sources of ignition, and (c) not less than 1.5 m away from building openings. (4) Connections for filling or emptying storage tanks described in Sentence (3) shall be kept closed to prevent leakage when not in use. (5) A filling connection described in Sentence (3) is permitted to be located inside a building where (a) made necessary (i) by a process or activity located indoors and to which the tank is directly associated, or (ii) for the collection of used liquids, and (b) the fill piping is provided with means to prevent flammable vapours from returning to the building. Subsection 4.3.12.Installation of Storage Tanks Inside Buildings Occupancy
4.3.12.1. Except as provided in Article 4.3.12.2., storage tanks shall not be permitted in other than industrial occupancies. Stationary combustion engines
4.3.12.2. Installations using Class I liquids as fuel supplies for stationary engines inside buildings shall conform to NFPA 37, “Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines”. Maximum static head
4.3.12.4. (1) Except as provided in Subsection 4.2.8. and in Sentence (2), storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids shall be (a) located in dedicated rooms conforming to Subsection 4.3.13., and (b) located in conformance with Table 4.3.12.A. (2) When quantities greater than are permitted for incidental use in Subsection 4.2.8. are required for special process operations, storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids are permitted to be located outside of a storage room referred to in Sentence (1), provided that (a) total quantities per fire compartment are not more than one-half the quantities permitted in Table 4.3.12.A., (b) they are located on the first storey, and (c) the installation conforms to Articles 4.3.12.7. to 4.3.12.10. and Article 4.3.13.4. (3) Table 4.3.12.A. does not apply to the storage of distilled beverage alcohol. TABLE 4.3.12.A. Indoor Tank Storage Forming Part of Article 4.3.12.4.  Class of Liquid

Storage Level

Maximum Quantity per Storage Room(1)-, L, One or More Tanks


Protected(2)

Unprotected Storage


Class I

First Storey
Storeys above the
first storey
Basement

40000
7500 

Not permitted

25000
Not Permitted 

Not Permitted


Class II and IIIA

First Storey 
Storeys above the
first storey
Basement

200000
20000 

20000

100000
Not Permitted 

Not Permitted Notes to Table 4.3.12.A.: (1) See Subsection 4.3.13. (2) See Article 4.2.7.7. Fire compartments
4.3.12.5. Fire compartments regulated by this Subsection shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hr. Mixed storage
4.3.12.6. (1) When 2 or more classes of liquids are stored in a single storage room referred to in Sentence 4.3.12.4.(1), the total quantity permitted for each class of liquid shall be calculated as follows: qI/QI + qII+IIIA/QII+IIIA < 1 where  qI 

=

the actual quantity of Class I liquid present,


qII+IIIA 

=

the actual quantity of Class II and IIIA liquid present,


QI

=

the maximum quantity of Class I liquid permitted in Table 4.3.12.A.,


QII+IIIA 

=

the maximum quantity of Class II and IIIA liquid permitted in Table 4.3.12.A. Storage tanks outside storage rooms
4.3.12.7. (1) Where storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids are located outside of storage rooms conforming to Subsection 4.3.13., (a) provision shall be made to contain 100 per cent of the volume of the largest storage tank, or to drain away spilled flammable or combustible liquids in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6., (b) all electrical equipment and wiring in the vicinity of the storage tank and the exterior vent shall be installed in conformance with Subsection 4.1.4., and (c) the floor area in which the storage tank is located shall be ventilated in conformance with Subsection 4.1.7. Vents
4.3.12.8. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), normal and emergency vents for storage tanks in buildings shall be provided in conformance with  (a) Subsections 4.3.4. and 4.3.5. and the applicable requirements in Subsection 4.3.10., or (b) good engineering practice for emergency venting of storage tanks inside buildings. (2) The use of weak roof-to-side shell seams, designed to rupture before the allowable design stress of the storage tank is reached, shall not be permitted as a means of emergency venting of storage tanks inside buildings. Supports, foundations and anchorage
4.3.12.9. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), where storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids are installed inside buildings, the supports, foundations and anchorage for such storage tanks shall be in conformance with Subsection 4.3.3. (2) Where a storage tank is suspended, rather than supported on a foundation, supports shall be designed and installed in conformance with good engineering practice. Bonding and grounding
4.3.12.10. (1) Where storage tanks for flammable or combustible liquids are installed inside buildings, tanks, piping and discharge equipment shall be bonded and grounded. Subsection 4.3.13.Rooms for Storage Tanks Design and construction
4.3.13.1. (1) Rooms for storage tanks inside buildings shall be (a) separated from the rest of the building by a fire separation having a fire-resistance rating of at least 2 hr, (b) designed to contain 100 per cent of the volume of the largest storage tank, or to drain away spilled flammable or combustible liquids in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6., (c) made liquid-tight where the walls join the floor, (d) provided with natural or mechanical ventilation in conformance with Subsection 4.1.7., and (e) used for no other purposes than the storage and handling of flammable or combustible liquids. Clearances
4.3.13.2. A minimum clear space of 550 mm shall be maintained between the walls of a room described in Article 4.3.13.1. and the sides of any storage tanks within the room. Explosion venting
4.3.13.3. Where Class IA or IB liquids are dispensed within a storage room, the room shall be designed to prevent critical structural and mechanical damage from an internal explosion in conformance with NFPA 68, “Guide for Venting of Deflagrations”. Hose stations and portable extinguishers
4.3.13.4. (1) In buildings not required to be equipped with a standpipe system by the Building Code, hose stations conforming to Articles 3.2.9.2. to 3.2.9.7. of Ontario Regulation 403/97, as it read on August 21, 2000, shall be provided in the vicinity of the storage room, such that all parts of the room are within reach of a hose stream. (2) Portable extinguishers for Class B fires shall be provided in conformance with Section 6.2. Placards
4.3.13.5. (1) Placards conforming to the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada) shall be posted in a conspicuous location outside the room containing storage tanks. (2) Placards shall identify the (a) liquids stored as flammable or combustible liquids, and (b) capacities of the storage tanks. (3) Despite Clause 2(a), where storage consists of a single product, placards that identify the liquid using the UN Product Identification Number (PIN) shall be acceptable. (4) Despite Clause 2(a), where storage consists of multiple products within the same class, placards that identify the class of liquids as per the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada) shall be acceptable. (5) Despite Clause 2(a), where storage consists of more than one class of liquid, placards that indicate the danger symbol as per the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada) or individual placards for each class of liquid as per the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada) shall be acceptable. (6) Rooms for storage tanks and the information described in Sentence (2) shall be identified in the fire safety plan required in Article 4.1.5.6. Subsection 4.3.14.Openings Other than Vents in Storage Tanks in Buildings Connections
4.3.14.1. (1) Connections for all openings in storage tanks in buildings shall be liquid and vapour-tight. (2) Connections to storage tanks through which liquid can flow shall be provided with valves located as close as practical to the tank. Openings for liquid level measurement
4.3.14.2. (1) Openings that are independent of the fill pipe and are used for measuring the liquid level in storage tanks containing Class I or II liquids shall be equipped with a vapour-tight cap which shall be opened only when measuring the liquid level. (2) Openings referred to in Sentence (1) shall be protected against overflow and vapour pressure by means of a spring-loaded check valve. Subsection 4.3.15.Leakage Testing of Storage Tanks Leakage testing
4.3.15.1. (1) Every storage tank shall be tested for leakage in conformance with Sentences (2) to (4) (a) whenever a leak is suspected, and (b) at the time of installation (i) before backfilling in the case of an underground tank, or (ii) before filling or putting into service in the case of an aboveground tank. (2) When a leakage test is required by Sentence (1) on an aboveground storage tank, it is permitted to determine the source of leakage (a) by a visual examination of the tank shell, and (b) where the bottom is not amenable to such examination, by testing the bottom of the tank in conformance with Sentence (3). (3) Except as provided in Articles 4.3.15.4. and 4.3.15.5., when a leakage test is required by Sentence (1) on an underground storage tank, it shall be done by qualified personnel using equipment conforming to (a) ULC/ORD-C58.12, “Leak Detection Devices (Volumetric Type) for Underground Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks”,or (b) ULC/ORD-C58.14, “Nonvolumetric Leak Detection Devices for Underground Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks”. (4) Where field test methods are included in the tank construction standards referred to in Articles 4.3.1.2. and 4.3.1.3., such tests shall be permitted for storage tanks conforming to those standards. Retention of records
4.3.15.2. Records of tests referred to in Article 4.3.15.1. shall be retained for examination by the Chief Fire Official, in conformance with Article 1.1.2.1. Remedial action
4.3.15.3. (1) When a leak is detected in a storage tank by a leakage test required in this Subsection or by a leakage detection measure required in Subsection 4.3.16., (a) the storage tank shall (i) be replaced, in the case of an underground tank, or (ii) be repaired or replaced in the case of an aboveground tank, and (b) the escaped liquid shall be removed in conformance with Article 4.1.6.3. (2) The Chief Fire Official shall be notified within 24 hr of detection of a leak referred to in Sentence (1). Pneumatic leakage tests
4.3.15.4. (1) Pneumatic leakage tests shall not be performed on field-erected aboveground storage tanks. (2) Pneumatic leakage tests shall not be performed on storage tanks with flammable or combustible liquids in the tanks. (3) Where a pneumatic leakage test is performed on an underground storage tank, the tank shall be considered to be leaking when the test indicates a pressure drop within a 2 hr period after steady temperature conditions have been established and the source of pressure has been removed. (4) Pneumatic test pressures applied to underground storage tanks shall be measured by an instrument calibrated in increments of not more than 1 kPa. (5) Where a pneumatic leakage test is conducted before an underground tank is backfilled in the case of a new tank, or after the tank is uncovered in the case of a previously installed tank, the test pressure shall be in conformance with the production testing requirements of (a) CAN/ULC-S603, “Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”, or (b) CAN4-S615, “Reinforced Plastic Underground Tanks for Petroleum Products”. (6) Where a pneumatic leakage test is performed on a completely buried storage tank, the test pressure shall be not less than 35 and not more than 70 kPa (gauge). (7) Measures shall be taken to guard against the hazards associated with pneumatic leakage testing where explosive mixtures of vapours from flammable or combustible liquids and air may be present in the area of a tank that has been in use. Liquid media leakage tests
4.3.15.5. (1) Where a leakage test incorporating a liquid test medium, including a flammable or combustible liquid, is performed on an underground storage tank, the tank shall be considered to be leaking when, with compensation for volume differentials caused by effects of temperature and tank shell distortion, the test indicates a liquid loss. (2) The pressure at the bottom of a storage tank shall not exceed 70 kPa (gauge) during the leakage test referred to in Sentence (1). Subsection 4.3.16.Leakage Detection of Storage Tanks Liquid level measurements
4.3.16.1. (1) Except as provided in Article 4.3.16.2., the liquid level in any storage tank shall be measured at intervals not greater than 7 days in conformance with Sentences (2) to (4), except that at fuel dispensing stations the measurements shall be taken each day the station is in operation. (2) The level of water at the bottom of an underground storage tank shall be measured at intervals not greater than 7 days, except that at fuel dispensing stations the measurement shall be taken each day the station is in operation. (3) A comparison of the measurements described in Sentences (1) and (2) with meter readings and a computation of any gain or loss of liquid shall be done each time a required measurement is taken. (4) A record for each storage tank showing the measurements and computations described in Sentence (3) shall be retained for examination by the Chief Fire Official, in conformance with Article 1.1.2.1. Continuous leakage detection
4.3.16.2. (1) The measurements described in Article 4.3.16.1. are not required for an underground storage tank when (a) it is provided with a continuous leakage detection device conforming to (i) ULC/ORD-C58.12, “Leak Detection Devices (Volumetric Type) for Underground Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks”, or (ii) ULC/ORD-C58.14, “Nonvolumetric Leak Detection Devices for Underground Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks”, and (b) its associated underground piping is provided with continuous leakage detection conforming to Article 4.4.6.7. Corrective action
4.3.16.3. (1) Immediate corrective action shall be taken in conformance with Subsection 4.3.15. when (a) a loss of liquid or a gain of water is indicated by any of the leakage detection measures described in Articles 4.3.16.1. and 4.3.16.2., or (b) the level of water at the bottom of an underground storage tank exceeds 50 mm. SECTION 4.4PIPING AND TRANSFER SYSTEMS Subsection 4.4.1.Scope Application
4.4.1.1. (1) This Section applies to piping and transfer systems for flammable and combustible liquids. (2) Except where otherwise stated in this Part, this Section does not apply to (a) tubing or casings and piping for oil or gas wells, (b) piping for vehicles, aircraft, watercraft and portable or stationary engines, (c) piping systems in fuel dispensing stations and distilleries, (d) piping systems on piers and wharves, and (e) piping within the scope of the applicable provincial boiler and pressure vessel codes. Subsection 4.4.2.Materials for Piping, Valves and Fittings Materials
4.4.2.1. (1) Materials for piping systems containing flammable or combustible liquids shall be suitable for the maximum anticipated working pressures and operating temperatures and for the chemical properties of the contained liquid. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the use of (a) materials that are subject to failure from internal stress or rupture by mechanical damage, or (b) combustible or low-melting-point materials that are subject to failure in fires shall not be permitted for piping systems referred to in Sentence (1). (3) Non-metallic piping systems are permitted to be used for underground installations provided they conform to (a) ULC/ORD-C107.7, “Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic Pipe and Fittings for Flammable Liquids”, or (b) ULC/ORD-C107.4, “Ducted Flexible Underground Piping Systems for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (4) Except as provided in Sentence (5), where steel piping is used, it shall conform to (a) API 5L, “Line Pipe”, (b) ASTM A 53, “Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless”, or (c) CSA Z245.1, “Steel Line Pipe”. (5) Where service pressures exceeding 875 kPa (gauge) may occur, piping and fittings shall be designed in conformance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, “Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping”. Special materials
4.4.2.2. Where problems of corrosion, contamination or sanitation or standards of purity require special materials, it is permitted to use non-metallic materials for piping, valves and fittings in conformance with Article 4.1.1.5. Subsection 4.4.3.Corrosion Protection of Piping Systems Corrosion protection
4.4.3.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), all exposed and underground piping, valves, couplings, flanges and bolts for flammable or combustible liquids shall be protected where necessary against external corrosion. (2) Underground steel piping, valves and fittings shall be protected against corrosion in conformance with (a) CAN/ULC-S603.1, “Galvanic Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”, or (b) good engineering practice such as described in PACE Report No. 87-1, “Impressed Current Method of Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks”, published by the Canadian Petroleum Products Institute. Subsection 4.4.4.Identification of Piping Systems Identification
4.4.4.1. (1) Pipelines for flammable or combustible liquids shall be marked with the contents of the line, and these markings shall be maintained in a clearly legible form. (2) Piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall not be painted red. (3) Transfer points in piping systems for flammable and combustible liquids shall be identified in conformance with CPPI, “Using the CPPI Colour-Symbol System to Mark Equipment and Vehicles for Product Identification”, or to CAN/CGSB-24.3, “Identification of Piping Systems”. Plans
4.4.4.2. (1) Plans showing piping systems for flammable or combustible liquids, including tank and pumping arrangements, shall be available to the fire department on request. (2) Sets of plans shall be kept at 2 separate locations. Subsection 4.4.5.Joints in Piping Systems Threaded joints
4.4.5.1. Threaded joints in piping systems for flammable or combustible liquids shall be made using joint compound or polytetrafluoroethylene tape conforming to CAN/ULC-S642, “Compounds and Tapes for Threaded Pipe Joints”. Welded piping
4.4.5.2. (1) Welding of piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall conform to Section 5.17 and to (a) API 1104, “Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities”, or (b) API RP 1107, “Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices”. (2) Flanged joints for piping shall be provided in welded systems at intervals which will facilitate dismantling and avoid subsequent in-place cutting and welding operations. Flanged joints
4.4.5.3. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), flanged joints for piping shall be made with forged or cast steel flanges designed, constructed and installed in conformance with ANSI/ASME B16.5, “Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings”. (2) Bronze flanges for 50 mm diameter or smaller size piping referred to in Article 4.4.5.2. are permitted to be used where copper and brass piping is permitted. Bolting materials
4.4.5.4. Bolting materials for flanged connections in steel piping systems for flammable or combustible liquids shall be of alloy steel equivalent to ASTM A 193/A 193M, “Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High Temperature Service”, Grade B-7. Gaskets
4.4.5.5. Gaskets in flanged connections shall be of a material resistant to the liquid being carried and capable of withstanding temperatures of at least 650°C without damage that would impair its function. Subsection 4.4.6.Leakage Testing of Piping Systems Leakage testing
4.4.6.1. (1) Piping systems including those at fuel dispensing stations shall be tested for leakage in conformance with Sentences (2) and (3) (a) whenever a leak is suspected, and (b) at the time of installation (i) before backfilling in the case of underground piping, or (ii) before putting into service in the case of exposed piping. (2) Exposed piping systems in service are permitted to be visually inspected for leakage in conformance with Article 4.4.11.5. (3) When exposed piping systems are subjected to a pneumatic leakage test, (a) it shall be in conformance with Article 4.4.6.4., and (b) the piping, including the joints, shall be soaped to assist in the detection of leaks. Retention of records
4.4.6.2. Records of the pressure tests on piping systems shall be retained for examination by the Chief Fire Official, in conformance with Article 1.1.2.1. Remedial action
4.4.6.4. (1) Piping systems referred to in Sentence 4.4.6.1.(3) shall be considered to be leaking when the test indicates a pressure drop or a volume loss within a 2 hr period after steady temperature conditions have been established and the source of pressure had been removed. (2) Pressure measurements referred to in Sentence (1) shall be obtained by using instruments calibrated in increments of not more than (a) 4 kPa for test pressures up to 700 kPa (gauge), and (b) 1 per cent of the test pressure where it exceeds 700 kPa (gauge). Test pressures
4.4.6.5. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3) and Article 4.4.6.6., piping systems shall be pressure tested at pressures of not less than 350 kPa (gauge) or 1.5 times the maximum operating pressure, whichever is greater. (2) Test pressures exceeding 700 kPa (gauge) shall not be permitted except when the piping system is designed for such pressures. (3) Where test pressures exceed the design pressures for pumps or similar components included in the piping system being tested, such pumps or components shall be isolated from the remainder of the system. Class I liquids as a test medium
4.4.6.6. Class I liquids shall not be used for pressure testing piping systems, except that pressure piping normally containing Class I liquids is permitted to be tested with such liquids at pressures not exceeding their maximum operating pressures. Leakage detection
4.4.6.7. When an underground piping system is provided with continuous leakage detection, it shall be in conformance with ULC/ORD-C107.12, “Line Leak Detection Devices for Flammable Liquid Piping”. Subsection 4.4.7.Location and Arrangement of Piping Location
4.4.7.1. (1) Piping shall be installed outdoors whenever possible and located so it will not create a hazard to buildings or equipment. (2) Where piping for flammable or combustible liquids is installed within a building, the length of piping shall be as direct and as short as practicable. Supports for aboveground outdoor piping
4.4.7.2. (1) Aboveground outdoor piping shall be supported and arranged to prevent excessive vibration and stress on equipment connected to it. (2) When vehicular impact or physical damage is possible, protective guarding devices shall be provided for piping referred to in Sentence (1) and for fill pipes for storage tanks. Arrangement of aboveground outdoor piping
4.4.7.3. (1) Aboveground outdoor piping shall not be located (a) on the exterior of walls except on those of noncombustible construction, or (b) above windows and doors. (2) Aboveground outdoor piping shall not be located above roofs except above roofs of impermeable and noncombustible construction, with provision for accidental spillage provided in conformance with Subsection 4.1.6. (3) Where aboveground piping crosses roadways or railway sidings, ample overhead clearance and warning signs indicating the clearance height shall be provided. (4) Piping passing through secondary containment walls shall be designed to prevent excessive stress resulting from settlement or fire exposure. Underground piping
4.4.7.4. (1) Underground piping shall be located so it will not be damaged as a result of vibrations or settling of an adjacent building or structure. (2) Underground piping shall be located not less than 300 mm away from the foundations of any building or structure, except where such piping enters the building as permitted in Article 4.4.7.7. (3) Piping passing under railway tracks shall be installed in conformance with CTC 1977-3 RAIL, Pipe Crossings Under Railways (No. E-10) Regulations, of Transport Canada. (4) Piping adjacent to railway tracks shall be installed in conformance with General Order No. O-32, Flammable Liquids Bulk Storage Regulations, of Transport Canada. Installation of underground piping
4.4.7.5. (1) Underground piping shall be (a) supported on undisturbed or compacted soil, and (b) backfilled on the top and sides with not less than (i) 300 mm of pea gravel or clean crushed stone, or (ii) 300 mm of clean sand, free of cinders and stones and compacted in layers not more than 300 mm thick. (2) Where it is not practicable to support piping as required in Sentence (1) on undisturbed soil, it shall be supported on not less than 150 mm of clean sand, pea gravel or washed, crushed stone. Piping in service tunnels
4.4.7.6. Piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall not be located in service tunnels that are used for pedestrian traffic. Piping at entrances to buildings
4.4.7.7. (1) Piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall be located aboveground where the piping enters a building. (2) Piping referred to in Sentence (1) shall be provided with inside and outside shut-off valves. (3) Where piping referred to in Sentence (1) passes through a wall which would restrict the expansion or contraction of the piping, pipe sleeves shall be provided at the wall penetration to facilitate such movement. Indoor piping
4.4.7.8. (1) Indoor piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall either be supported overhead or be located in trenches conforming to Article 4.4.7.9. (2) Piping referred to in Sentence (1) shall not be installed under combustible flooring. Piping in trenches
4.4.7.9. (1) Where indoor piping for flammable or combustible liquids is installed in trenches, a trapped drainage system conforming to Subsection 4.1.6. shall be provided. (2) When piping referred to in Sentence (1) contains Class I liquids, the trench shall be (a) provided with positive ventilation to the outdoors, or (b) designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapours. Overhead piping
4.4.7.10. (1) Overhead piping for flammable or combustible liquids shall be installed close to the ceiling or beams or along wall not less than 1.8 m above the floor to protect it against mechanical damage. (2) Where practical, overhead piping referred to in Sentence (1) shall be supported from building framing members. (3) In buildings of steel frame construction, piping referred to in Sentence (1) shall be fastened to steel beams or columns by pipe hangers attached to the flanges. (4) Piping under concrete ceilings shall be suspended with the use of through bolts or expansion shields. Supports for overhead piping
4.4.7.12. (1) Exposed pipe risers shall be protected against mechanical damage by (a) installing such risers (i) adjacent to walls or pilasters, (ii) between flanges of steel columns, or (iii) within securely anchored larger perforated pipe, and (b) providing mechanical guards where the risers are exposed to mobile equipment. Provision for expansion and contraction
4.4.7.13. (1) In the design of flammable or combustible liquid piping systems, provision shall be made for thermal expansion and contraction. (2) Flexible hose connectors conforming to CAN/ULC-S633, “Flexible Underground Hose Connectors for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”, are permitted to be used where necessary in systems carrying flammable or combustible liquids to prevent excessive stresses resulting from vibration, settling or temperature changes. Subsection 4.4.8.Valves in Piping Systems Design
4.4.8.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2), (3) and (4), valves in piping systems for flammable or combustible liquids shall be designed to accommodate the temperatures and pressures of those systems and shall conform to ULC-C842, “Valves for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (2) Every hose nozzle valve shall conform to CAN/ULC-S620, “Hose Nozzle Valves for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (3) Every emergency valve shall conform to CAN/ULC-S651, “Emergency Valves for Flammable and Combustible Liquids”. (4) Existing valves shall be deemed to comply with Sentences (1), (2) and (3), provided they are (a) not leaking, and (b) constructed of material that is in conformance with Article 4.4.2.1. Shut-off valves
4.4.8.2. (1) Shut-off valves shall be provided in all flammable or combustible liquid piping and pumping systems. (2) Where practical, valves referred to in Sentence (1) shall be located outdoors or be immediately accessible from outdoors. (3) Except as permitted in Sentence (4), steel shut-off valves shall be provided (a) at connections to all aboveground storage tanks, (b) on supply piping where it enters buildings or structures, (c) on branch lines from the main supply line, (d) on supply lines at dispensing locations, and (e) to isolate one part of a piping system from another. (4) Stainless steel, monel metal or lined steel bodied valves are permitted to be used when special conditions warrant their use. Diaphragm valves
4.4.8.5. Rising stem or other indicating valves shall be used where necessary to determine whether the valves are open or shut. Meters
4.4.8.6. Where cast iron meters are used, they shall be isolated by the use of steel valves. Identification
4.4.8.7. (1) All valves shall be identified in conformance with CPPI, “Using the CPPI Colour-Symbol System to Mark Equipment and Vehicles for Product Identification”, or to CAN/CGSB-24.3-92, “Identification of Piping Systems”. (2) Every identification tag shall be kept clean so that its colour and inscription are easily recognizable. Subsection 4.4.9.Heating of Piping Systems Design
4.4.9.1. Heating equipment for piping systems containing flammable or combustible liquids shall be designed not to overheat or create an ignition source for the liquids being heated. Steam heating
4.4.9.2. (1) Flammable and combustible liquid piping is permitted to be heated by steam lines provided the minimum steam temperature and pressure to make the liquid fluid are used and Sentences (2) and (3) are complied with. (2) A pressure regulator shall be provided in the steam line with a relief valve on the downstream side of the regulator. (3) Piping and steam lines shall be enclosed in insulation conforming to the Building Code. Electrical heating cables
4.4.9.4. (1) Thermal electrical conduction heating conforming to Sentence (2) is permitted to be used by passing a low-voltage alternating current through the pipe. (2) Systems permitted in Sentence (1) shall be installed and tested as complete units and (a) unheated sections of piping shall be isolated from heated sections by means of nonconductive fittings, (b) thermostatic controls, high temperature limit controls and fuses shall have the lowest practical rating to ensure satisfactory operation, (c) all parts of the piping and fittings shall be enclosed by insulting coverings of a type which will prevent accidental grounding of the systems, and (d) switches, transformers, contactors and other spark-producing equipment shall be located in an area not subject to flammable vapours. (3) Upon completion of the installation, systems permitted in Sentence (1) shall be tested to ensure that all components are functioning as intended. Open flames
4.4.9.5. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), the use of open flames as a heat source shall not be permitted for heating piping for flammable or combustible liquids. (2) Use of open flames shall be permitted for heating piping for flammable or combustible liquids, when such operations are carried out in furnaces or ovens conforming to NFPA 86, “Ovens and Furnaces”. Subsection 4.4.10.Methods of Transfer in Piping Systems Location of outdoor pumps
4.4.10.1. (1) Pumps for flammable or combustible liquid piping systems installed aboveground and outside of buildings shall be located not less than (a) 3 m from the property line, and (b) 1.5 m from building openings. Pump houses and pump rooms
4.4.10.2. (1) Pumps located indoors shall be in rooms that conform to Subsection 4.2.9. (2) Pump houses and pump rooms shall not be used for any purpose other than to serve the pumping equipment. Pits
4.4.10.5. (1) Where flammable or combustible liquids are transferred by water pressure as a result of displacement, such system shall not be used for liquids that are miscible in water. (2) All pressure vessels for hydraulic transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1) shall be constructed, installed and tested in conformance with ANSI/ASME, “Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code”. (3) Hydraulic transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1) shall be designed to prevent water pressure in excess of the design pressure of the tank or piping. (4) Operating pressures shall be controlled by a constant-level float valve or a pressure regulating valve on the water supply side of the hydraulic transfer system referred to in Sentence (1). (5) Hydraulic transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1) shall be arranged so that there is no water pressure on the system except when liquid is being discharged. (6) Check valves shall be provided for both water and flammable or combustible liquid piping to prevent back-flow in hydraulic transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1). Inert gas transfer systems
4.4.10.6. (1) Where flammable or combustible liquids are transferred as a result of displacement by the expansion of nitrogen, carbon dioxide or other inert gases, all pressure vessels involved shall be constructed, installed and tested in conformance with ANSI/ASME, “Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code”. (2) Pressure regulators for inert gas transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1) shall be provided in the gas line to control the pressure of the gas at the minimum pressure required to force the liquid through the piping system at the required rate. (3) A relief valve with a slightly higher setting than the pressure required in Sentence (2) shall be provided on the downstream side of the regulator or on the tank. (4) Means of automatically shutting off the gas supply and bleeding the gas pressure in the event of fire shall be provided on all inert gas transfer systems referred to in Sentence (1). Non-inert gas transfer
4.4.10.7. (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), the transfer of flammable or combustible liquids in a closed piping system by means of compressed air or other non-inert gas pressure shall not be permitted. (2) A non-inert gas pressure is permitted to be used in a closed piping system referred to in Sentence (1) provided (a) it is the vapour or gas of the flammable or combustible liquid being transferred, or (b) it is a vapour or gas that will not support combustion reaction and is non-reactive with the flammable or combustible liquid being transferred. Subsection 4.4.11.Operating Procedures for Piping Systems Procedures
4.4.11.1. Standard procedures for normal operations and for emergencies shall be given in printed form to all employees engaged in the operation of equipment for the transfer of flammable and combustible liquids and shall be posted or readily available for convenient reference. Training
4.4.11.2. (1) All employees concerned with transfer operations involving flammable or combustible liquids shall be trained in (a) the emergency procedures referred to in Article 4.4.11.1., (b) the importance of constant attendance during all loading or unloading operations, (c) extinguishing procedures for fires involving flammable and combustible liquids, and (d) the flammable and combustible liquid colour coding and identification system required in Article 4.4.8.7. (2) Employees engaged in the operation of equipment for the transfer of flammable or combustible liquids shall be trained in the location, function and operation of valves used for the operation of fire protection equipment and manual emergency shut-off valves. Emergency valves
4.4.11.4. One 80BC rated portable extinguisher or two 40BC units or four 20BC units shall be provided in the vicinity of pumps and ancillary equipment used for the transfer of flammable or combustible liquids. Visual inspections
4.4.11.7. (1) Except as provided in Sentence (6), maintenance shall not be carried out on piping systems while they are under pressure. (2) If connections or piping are to be opened, the system shall be drained of flammable and combustible liquids. (3) Where equipment for handling flammable or combustible liquids has to be repaired, it shall be removed and taken to maintenance areas when possible. (4) Tags shall be attached to all valves on piping systems that are shut off for maintenance purposes to indicate that such valves are not to be opened. (5) Piping that has been used for the transfer of flammable or combustible liquids shall be removed or capped when it is no longer intended to be used. (6) Connections to pressurized piping systems shall be made in conformance with good practice such as described in (a) API RP 1107, “Recommended Pipeline Maintenance Welding Practices”, (b) API 2200, “Repairs to Crude Oil, Liquefied Petroleum Gas and Products Pipelines”, or (c) API 2201, “Welding or Hot Tapping on Equipment Containing Flammables”. SECTION 4.5FUEL DISPENSING STATIONS Subsection 4.5.1.Scope Application
4.5.1.1. (1) This Section applies to the storage, handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids at fuel dispensing stations except for any property or facility regulated by the Gasoline Handling Act. (2) Except as provided in this Section, the storage and dispensing of Class 2.1 flammable gases at fuel dispensing stations shall conform to (a) Fuels Safety Branch Standard CNG No 1, “Compressed Natural Gas Storage, Handling and Utilization”, Nov 20, 1990, and (b) the Propane Storage, Handling and Utilization Code made under the Energy Act. Subsection 4.5.2.Storage and Handling Outside aboveground storage tanks
4.5.2.1. (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the installation of outside aboveground storage tanks at fuel dispensing stations shall be in conformance with Subsection 4.3.2. (2) Outside aboveground storage tanks at fuel dispensing stations shall have an individual capacity of not more than 50000 L, and their aggregate capacity shall not exceed 150000 L. (3) Outside aboveground storage tanks at fuel dispensing stations shall be provided with (a) physical protection against collision damage, (b) measures to prevent unauthorized access to the storage tank and its ancillary equipment, and (c) measures to contain accidental spillage in conformance with Subsection 4.3.7. Class I liquids in buildings
4.5.2.2. (1) Except as provided in Sentence 4.1.8.4.(2), Class I liquids shall not be stored or handled within a fuel dispensing station unless the building conforms to Subsection 4.2.9. (2) Class I liquids shall not be stored or handled within any building having a basement, cellar or pit in which flammable vapours may accumulate. (3) Facilities for the dispensing of Class I liquid fuels shall not be installed (a) above any space intended for occupancy, or, (b) in any building, except that this requirement does not apply to a canopy which is open on not less than 75 per cent of its perimeter. Storage tanks in buildings
4.5.2.3. (1) Where Class IIIA liquids are stored and dispensed inside buildings from storage tanks, the individual tanks shall have a capacity of not more than 2500 L and the aggregate capacity of all the tanks shall not exceed 10000 L. (2) All fill pipes, vent piping and valves associated with the storage tanks referred to in Sentence (1) shall (a) conform to Subsections 4.3.5. and 4.3.6., and (b) be permanently marked to indicate the liquid in each tank and the equipment controlled by the valves. Marine fuel dispensing stations
4.5.2.4. Dispensers at marine fuel dispensing stations shall be at a location which will permit safe access by watercraft. Containers