jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.3. Cleanout Fittings (1) Every plug, cap, nut or bolt that is intended to be removable from a ferrous fitting shall be of a non-ferrous material. (2) A cleanout fitting that as a result of normal maintenance operations cannot withstand the physical stresses of removal and reinstallation or cannot ensure a gas-tight seal shall not be installed. (3) A screw cap or test cap shall not be used as a cleanout plug or cover.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.4. Mechanical Couplings (1) Groove and shoulder type mechanical pipe couplings shall conform to CSA B242-M, “Groove and Shoulder Type Mechanical Pipe Couplings”. (2) Mechanical Couplings for DWV and Sewer Pipe shall be certified to CAN/CSA-B602, “Mechanical Couplings for Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Sewer Pipe”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.5. Saddle Hubs (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), a saddle hub or fitting shall not be installed in drainage systems, venting systems or water systems. (2) A saddle hub or saddle clamp may be installed in a building drain or building sewer of nominal diameter not less than eight inches and that is in service provided that the connecting branch is at least two pipe sizes smaller than the run of the building drain or building sewer to which it is connected.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.6. Supply and Waste Fittings (1) Supply fittings shall conform to ASME A112.18.1 / CAN/CSA-B125.1, “Plumbing Supply Fittings” or CAN/CSA-B125.3, “Plumbing Fittings”. (2) Waste fittings shall conform to ASME A112.18.2 / CAN/CSA-B125.2, “Plumbing Waste Fittings”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.7. Reserved
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.8. Direct Flush Valves (1) Every direct flush valve shall, (a) open fully and close positively under service pressure, (b) complete its cycle of operation automatically, (c) be provided with a means of regulating the volume of water that it discharges, and (d) be provided with a vacuum breaker unless the fixture is designed so that back-siphonage cannot occur.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.10. Back-Siphonage Preventers and Backflow Preventers (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) back-siphonage preventers and backflow preventers shall be certified to, (a) CAN/CSA-B64.0, “Definitions, General Requirements and Test Methods for Vacuum Breakers and Backflow Preventers”, (b) CAN/CSA-B64.1.1, “Vacuum Breakers, Atmospheric Type (AVB)”, (c) CAN/CSA-B64.1.2, “Vacuum Breakers, Pressure Type (PVB)”, (d) CAN/CSA-B64.2, “Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection Type (HCVB)”, (e) CAN/CSA-B64.2.1, “Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection Type (HCVB) with Manual Draining Feature,” (f) CAN/CSA-B64.2.2, “Vacuum Breakers, Hose Connection type (HCVB) with Automatic Draining Feature,” (g) CAN/CSA-B64.3, “Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve with Atmospheric Port Type (DCAP)”, (h) CAN/CSA-B64.4, “Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type (RP)”, (i) CAN/CSA-B64.5, “Backflow Preventers, Double Check Valve Type (DCVA)”, (j) CAN/CSA-B64.6, “Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve Type (DuC)”, (k) CAN/CSA-B64.7, “Vacuum Breakers, Laboratory Faucet Type (LFVP)”, (l) CAN/CSA-B64.8, “Backflow Preventers, Dual Check with Intermediate Vent Type (DuCV)”, or (m) CAN/CSA-B64.10, “Manual for the Selection and Installation of Backflow Prevention Devices”. (2) Back-siphonage preventers (anti-siphon fill valves) for tank type water closets shall be certified to CAN/CSA-B125.3, “Plumbing Fittings”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.11. Relief Valves (1) Temperature relief, pressure relief, combined temperature and pressure relief and vacuum relief valves shall conform to ANSI Z21.22 / CSA 4.4-M, “Relief Valves for Hot Water Supply Systems”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.13. Solar Domestic Hot Water (1) Equipment forming part of a packaged system for solar heating of potable water, shall conform to CSA F379.1, “Packaged Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (Liquid-to-Liquid Heat Transfer) for All-Season Use”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.14. Vent Pipe Flashing (1) Flashing fabricated on-site for vent pipes shall be fabricated from, (a) copper sheet at least 0.33 mm thick, (b) aluminum sheet at least 0.61 mm thick, (c) alloyed zinc sheet at least 0.35 mm thick, (d) lead sheet at least 2.16 mm thick, (e) galvanized steel sheet at least 0.41 mm thick, or (f) polychloroprene (neoprene) at least 2.89 mm thick. (2) Prefabricated flashing for vent pipes shall be certified to CSA B272, “Prefabricated Self-Sealing Vent Flashings”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.15. Water Hammer Arresters (1) Factory built water hammer arresters shall conform to ASSE 1010, “Water Hammer Arresters”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.10.16. Air Admittance Valves (1) Air admittance valves shall conform to ASSE 1051, “Individual and Branch Type Air Admittance Valves for Sanitary Drainage Systems”. 7.2.11. Water Service Pipes and Fire Service Mains
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.2.11.1. Design, Construction, Installation and Testing (1) Except as provided in Articles 7.2.11.2. to 7.2.11.4., and 7.3.7.2, the design, construction, installation and testing of fire service mains and water service pipe combined with fire service mains shall be in conformance with NFPA 24, “Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances”.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.1.1. Application (1) This Section applies to the construction and use of joints and connections, and the arrangement, protection, support and testing of piping. 7.3.2. Construction and Use of Joints
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.2.3. Screwed Joints (1) In making a screwed joint the ends of the pipe shall be reamed or filed out to the size of the bore and all chips and cuttings shall be removed. (2) No pipe-joint cement or paint shall be applied to the internal threads.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.2.5. Flared Joints (1) In making a flared joint the pipe shall be expanded with a proper flaring tool. (2) Flared joints shall not be used for hard (drawn) copper tube.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.2.7. Cold-Caulked Joints (1) Cold-caulked joints shall not be used except for bell and spigot pipe in a water system, a drainage system or a venting system. (2) The caulking compound used in cold-caulked joints shall be applied according to the manufacturer's directions. (3) Every cold-caulked joint in a drainage system shall be firmly packed with oakum and tightly caulked with cold caulking compound to a depth of at least 25 mm. 7.3.3. Joints and Connections
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.3.1. Drilled and Tapped Joints (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) to (4), no water distributing pipe, drainage pipe or fittings shall be drilled, tapped or swaged. (2) A water distributing pipe may be drilled or tapped to provide for a mechanically extracted T in copper tubing of Type L or K provided that all branch connections shall be notched and dimpled to limit depth of insertion and conform to the inner contour of the main. (3) A copper water distributing pipe of 1 in. size or larger may be mechanically swaged to permit the joining of other copper pipe of equal size. (4) A drainage pipe or fitting may be drilled or tapped, (a) to provide for the connection of a trap seal primer line, (b) to connect a device designed to dispense germicidal or odour control chemicals or trap seal water to a floor drain downstream of a vacuum breaker or flush valve in a flush tube connected to a sanitary unit, (c) to provide a hole for a branch connection to a drainage pipe, where the branch connection is made with a saddle hub as permitted by Article 7.2.10.5. and where the hole is drilled to provide a smooth clean hole of the required size and orientation, or (d) to provide for the connection of pipe or fittings to metal or rigid plastic pipe and fittings where the pipe or fittings are thick enough to be threaded or are bossed for tapping. (5) No pipe adaption shall be made by the use of a bushing that leaves a square edge or shoulder on the inside of the pipe or fitting.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.3.4. Unions and Slip Joints (1) Running thread and packing nut connections and unions with a gasket seal shall not be used downstream of a trap weir in a drainage system or in a venting system. (2) A slip joint shall not be used, (a) in a venting system, or (b) in a drainage system, except to connect a fixture trap to a fixture drain in an accessible location.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.3.8. Connection of Floor Outlet Fixtures (1) Every pedestal urinal, floor-mounted water closet or S-trap standard shall be connected to a fixture drain by a floor flange, except that a cast iron trap standard may be caulked to a cast iron pipe. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), every floor flange shall be of brass. (3) Where cast iron or plastic pipe is used, a floor flange of the same material may be used. (4) Every floor flange shall be securely set on a firm base and bolted to the trap flange of the fixture, and every joint shall be sealed with a natural rubber, synthetic rubber gasket, or with a closet setting compound. (5) Where a lead water closet stub is used, the length of the stub below the floor flange shall be at least 75 mm.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.3.9. Expansion and Contraction (1) The design and installation of every piping system shall, where necessary, include means to accommodate expansion and contraction of the piping system caused by temperature change or building shrinkage.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.3.11. Indirect Connections (1) Where a fixture or device is indirectly connected, the connections shall be made by terminating the fixture drain above the flood level rim of a directly connected fixture to form an air break. (2) The size of the air break shall be at least 25 mm. 7.3.4. Support of Piping
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.4.3. Insulation of Support (1) Where a hanger or support for copper tube or brass or copper pipe is of a material other than brass or copper, it shall be suitably separated and electrically insulated from the pipe to prevent galvanic action.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.4.4. Support for Vertical Piping (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), vertical piping shall be supported at its base and at the floor level of alternate storeys by rests, each of which can bear the weight of pipe that is between it and the rest above it. (2) The maximum spacing of supports shall be 7.5 m.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.4.7. Support for Vent Pipe Above a Roof (1) Where a vent pipe terminates above the surface of a roof it shall be supported or braced to prevent misalignment.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.4.9. Thrust Restraint of Water Service Pipes (1) Pipe clamps and tie-rods, thrust blocks, locked mechanical or push-on joints, mechanical joints utilizing set screw retainer glands, or other suitable means of thrust restraint shall be provided at each change of direction of a water service pipe 4 in. or more in size and at all tees, plugs, caps and bends. (2) Backing for underground water service pipes shall be placed, (a) between undisturbed earth and the fitting to be restrained and shall be of sufficient bearing area to provide adequate resistance to the thrust to be encountered, and (b) so that the joints will be accessible for inspection and repair. (3) Concrete thrust blocks shall have a minimum compressive strength of not less than 10 MPa after 28 days. (4) Thrust blocks shall not be used to restrain vertical pipe. 7.3.5. Protection of Piping
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.5.2. Protection of Non-Metallic Pipe (1) Where asbestos-cement drainage pipe or vitrified clay is located less than 600 mm below a basement floor and the floor is constructed of other than 75 mm or more of concrete, the pipe shall be protected by a 75 mm layer of concrete installed above the pipe.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.5.3. Isolation from Loads (1) Where piping passes through or under a wall it shall be installed so that the wall does not bear on the pipe.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.5.4. Protection from Frost (1) Where piping may be exposed to freezing conditions it shall be protected from the effects of freezing.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.5.7. Spatial Separation (1) Except as permitted in Sentences (2) and (3), a buried water service pipe shall be separated from the building drain, building sewer and a private sewage disposal system, by not less than 2 440 mm measured horizontally, of undisturbed or compacted earth. (2) The water service pipe may be closer than 2 440 mm or be placed in the same trench with the building drain or building sewer if, (a) the following conditions are met: (i) the bottom of the water service pipe at all points is at least 500 mm above the top of the building drain or building sewer, and (ii) when in a common trench with the building drain or building sewer, the water service pipe is placed on a shelf at one side of the common trench, (b) the water service pipe is constructed of a single run of pipe with no joints or fittings between the street line or source of supply on the property and the inside face of the building, or (c) the building drain or building sewer is constructed of piping which is pressure tested in accordance with Subsection 7.3.7. at 345 kPa. (3) A buried water service pipe may pass under a building drain or building sewer if, (a) a vertical separation of not less than 500 mm is provided between the invert of the building drain or building sewer and the crown of the water service pipe, (b) adequate structural support is provided for the building drain or building sewer to prevent excessive deflection of joints and settling, and (c) the length of the water service pipe is located so that there are no joints within 2 440 mm measured horizontally from the intersection with the building drain or building sewer. (4) A buried water service pipe shall be constructed of a single run of pipe with no joints or fittings between the street line or source of supply on the property and the inside face of the building if the water service pipe is less than 15 m from, (a) a private sewage disposal system, or (b) a source of pollution other than a private sewage disposal system. 7.3.6. Testing of Drainage and Venting Systems
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.6.1. Tests and Inspection of Drainage or Venting Systems (1) Except in the case of an external leader, after a section of drainage system or a venting system has been roughed in, and before any fixture is installed or piping is covered, a water or an air test shall be conducted. (2) Where a chief building official requires a final test, it shall be carried out after every fixture is installed and before any part of the drainage system or venting system is placed in operation. (3) Where a prefabricated system is assembled off the building site in such a manner that it cannot be inspected and tested on site, off-site inspections and tests shall be conducted. (4) Where a prefabricated system is installed as part of a drainage system and venting system, all other plumbing work shall be tested and inspected and a final test shall be carried out on the complete system. (5) A ball test shall be carried out on a sanitary building drain, sanitary building sewer, storm building drain and a storm building sewer buried underground.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.6.6. Final Tests (1) Where a final test is made, (a) every trap shall be filled with water, (b) the bottom of the system being tested shall terminate at the building trap, test plug or cap, (c) except as provided in Sentence (2), smoke from smoke-generating machines shall be forced into the system, (d) when the smoke appears from all roof terminals they shall be closed, and (e) a pressure equivalent to a 25 mm water column shall be maintained for 15 min without the addition of more smoke. (2) The smoke referred to in Clauses (1)(c) and (d) may be omitted provided the roof terminals are closed and the system is subjected to an air pressure equivalent to a 25 mm water column maintained for 15 min without the addition of more air.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.7.1. Application of Tests (1) After a section of a potable water system has been completed, and before it is placed in operation, a water test or an air test shall be conducted. (2) A test may be applied to each section of the system or to the system as a whole. (3) Where a prefabricated system is assembled off the building site in such a manner that it cannot be inspected and tested on site, off-site inspections and tests shall be conducted. (4) Where a prefabricated system is installed as part of a water system, (a) all other plumbing work shall be tested and inspected, and (b) the complete system shall be pressure tested.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.7.2. Tests of Potable Water Systems (1) Every potable water system shall be capable of, (a) withstanding without leakage a water pressure that is at least 1000 kPa for at least 1 h, or (b) withstanding for at least 2 h without a drop in pressure an air pressure that is at least 700 kPa.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.3.7.3. Water Tests (1) Where a water test is made all air shall be expelled from the system before fixture control valves or faucets are closed. (2) Potable water shall be used to test a potable water system. Section 7.4. Drainage Systems 7.4.1. Application
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.2.1. Connections to Sanitary Drainage Systems (1) Every fixture shall be directly connected to a sanitary drainage system, except that, (a) drinking fountains may be, (i) indirectly connected to a sanitary drainage system, or (ii) connected to a storm drainage system provided that where the system is subject to backflow, a check valve is installed in the fountain waste pipe, (b) laundry plumbing appliances may be indirectly connected to a sanitary drainage system, (c) fixtures or plumbing appliances, other than floor drains, except as provided in Sentence 7.1.4.2.(2), that discharge only clear water waste may be connected to a storm drainage system, (d) the following devices shall be indirectly connected to a drainage system: (i) a device for the display, storage, preparation or processing of food or drink, (ii) a sterilizer, (iii) a device that uses water as a cooling or heating medium, (iv) a water operated device, (v) a water treatment device, (vi) a drain or overflow from a water system or a heating system, or (vii) a drain line from a HVAC system or equipment, and (e) Reserved (f) Reserved (g) Reserved (h) floor drains within walk-in coolers shall be connected to a sanitary drainage system, (i) indirectly with an air break, or (ii) directly with a backwater valve installed on the drainage system before connection to the sanitary building drain. (2) The connection of a soil or waste pipe to a nominally horizontal soil or waste pipe or to a nominally horizontal offset in a soil or waste stack shall be respectively at least 1 500 mm measured horizontally from the bottom of a soil or waste stack or from the bottom of the upper vertical section of the soil or waste stack that, (a) receives a discharge of 30 or more fixture units, or (b) receives a discharge from fixtures located on 2 or more storeys. (3) No other fixture shall be connected to a lead bend or stub that serves a water closet. (4) A soil or waste pipe that serves more than one clothes washer, and in which pressure zones are created by detergent suds, shall not serve for connecting other soil or waste pipes.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.2.2. Connection of Overflows from Rainwater Tanks (1) An overflow from a rainwater tank shall not be directly connected to a storm drainage system.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.2.3. Direct Connections (1) Two or more fixture outlet pipes that serve outlets from a single fixture that is listed in Clause 7.4.2.1.(1)(d) may be directly connected to a branch that, (a) has a size of at least 1 ¼ in., and (b) is terminated above the flood level rim of a directly connected fixture with a minimum diameter waste of 1 ½ in. to form an air break. (2) Fixture drains from fixtures that are listed in Subclauses 7.4.2.1.(1)(d)(i) and (ii) may be directly connected to a pipe that, (a) is terminated to form an air break above the flood level rim of a fixture that is directly connected to a sanitary drainage system, and (b) is extended through the roof when fixtures that are on 3 or more storeys are connected to it. (3) Fixture drains from fixtures that are listed in Subclauses 7.4.2.1.(1)(d)(iii) to (vi) may be directly connected to a pipe that, (a) is terminated to form an air break above the flood level rim of a fixture that is directly connected to a storm drainage system, and (b) is extended through the roof when fixtures that are on 3 or more storeys are connected to it. (4) Every waste pipe carrying waste from a device for the display, storage, preparation or processing of food or drink, shall be trapped and have a minimum diameter equal to the diameter of the drain outlet from the device. 7.4.3. Location of Fixtures
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.3.4. Fixtures Located in Chemical Storage Locations  (1) A floor drain or other fixture located in an oil transformer vault, a high voltage room or any room where flammable, dangerous or toxic chemicals are stored or handled shall not be connected to a drainage system.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.3.6. Drains Serving Elevator Pits (1) If a floor drain is provided in an elevator pit, it shall be installed in accordance with Section 2.7. of the ASME A17.1 / CSA B44, “Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators”. 7.4.4. Treatment of Sewage and Wastes
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.4.2. Protection for Drainage System (1) Where a fixture discharges sewage or clear water waste that has been heated, the drainage system shall be suitable for the temperature of the sewage or clear water waste being discharged.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.4.3. Interceptors (1) Except for suites of residential occupancy, where a fixture discharges sewage that includes fats, oils or grease and is located in an area that food is cooked, processed or prepared, it shall discharge through a grease interceptor. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), oil interceptors shall be provided as follows: (a) service stations, repair shops and garages or any establishment where motor vehicles are repaired, lubricated or maintained shall be provided with an oil interceptor, and (b) establishments which use oily or flammable liquids or have such wastes as a result of an industrial process shall be provided with an engineered oil interceptor. (3) Oil interceptors are not required for a drain in a hydraulic elevator pit, parking lot, car wash or a garage used exclusively as a motor vehicle parking area. (4) Where a fixture discharges sand, grit or similar materials, an interceptor designed for the purpose of intercepting such discharges shall be installed. (5) Every interceptor shall have sufficient capacity to perform the service for which it is provided. (6) An on site constructed interceptor shall be constructed to the requirements of a manufactured interceptor. (7) A grease interceptor shall be located as close as possible to the fixture or fixtures it serves. (8) The flow rate through a grease interceptor shall not exceed its rated capacity and the flow rate shall be determined using the following:  where: Q is the flow rate to a grease interceptor in L/s. V is the volume of the fixture in L. DDT is the drain down time, 60 or 120 seconds PD is any pump discharge in L/s. N is the number of fixtures to go through the interceptor. (9) All grease and oil interceptors shall have an internal flow control and where the head will exceed five feet, a secondary flow control shall be required. (10) Floor drains that conform to Sentence 7.4.5.1.(3) are not required to be separately trapped and vented, and may be gang trapped when discharging through an oil interceptor.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.4.4. Neutralizing and Dilution Tanks (1) Where a fixture or equipment discharges corrosive or acid waste, it shall discharge into a neutralizing or diluting tank that is connected to the sanitary drainage system through, (a) a trap, or (b) indirect connection. (2) Each neutralizing or diluting tank shall have a method for neutralizing the liquid. 7.4.5. Traps
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.5.1. Traps for Sanitary Drainage Systems (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3) and Article 7.4.5.2., every fixture shall be protected by a separate trap. (2) One trap may protect, (a) all the trays or compartments of a two or three compartment sink, (b) a two or three compartment laundry tray, or (c) two similar type single compartment fixtures located in the same room. (3) One trap may serve a group of floor drains and hub drains, a group of shower drains, a group of washing machines or a group of laboratory sinks if the fixtures, (a) are in the same room, and (b) are not located where they can receive food or other organic matter. (4) Reserved (5) A grease interceptor shall not serve as a fixture trap and each fixture discharging through the interceptor shall be trapped and vented. (6) Where a domestic dishwashing machine equipped with a drainage pump discharges through a direct connection into the fixture outlet pipe of an adjacent kitchen sink or disposal unit, the pump discharge line shall, (a) rise as high as possible to just under the counter, and (b) connect, (i) on the inlet side of the sink trap by means of a Y fitting, or (ii) to the disposal unit.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.5.2. Traps for Storm Drainage Systems (1) Where a storm drainage system is connected to a public combined sewer, a trap shall be installed between any opening in the system and the drain or sewer, except that no trap is required if the opening is the upper end of a leader that terminates, (a) at a roof that is used only for weather protection, and (b) not less than 1 000 mm above or not less than 3.5 m in any other direction from any air inlet, openable window or door, and (c) not less than 1 800 mm from a property line.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.5.3. Connection of Subsoil Drainage Pipe to a Sanitary Drainage System (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), no foundation drain or subsoil drainage pipe shall connect to a sanitary drainage system. (2) Where a storm drainage system is not available or soil conditions prevent drainage to a culvert or dry well, a foundation drain or subsoil drainage pipe may connect to a sanitary drainage system. (3) Where a subsoil drainage pipe may be connected to a sanitary drainage system, the connection shall be made on the upstream side of a trap with a cleanout or a trapped sump.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.5.4. Location and Cleanout for Building Traps (1) Where a building trap is installed it shall, (a) be provided with a cleanout fitting on the upstream side of and directly over the trap, (b) be located upstream of the building cleanout, and (c) be located, (i) inside the building as close as practical to the place where the building drain leaves the building, or (ii) outside the building in a manhole.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.5.5. Trap Seals (1) Provision shall be made for maintaining the trap seal of a floor drain or a hub drain by the use of a trap seal primer, by using the drain as a receptacle for an indirectly connected drinking fountain, or by equally effective means. (2) Where a mechanical device is installed to furnish water to a trap, the pipe or tube conveying water from the device to the trap shall be at least 3/8 in. inside diameter. 7.4.6. Arrangement of Drainage Piping
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.6.2. Location of Soil or Waste Pipes (1) A soil or waste pipe shall not be located directly above, (a) non-pressure potable water storage tanks, (b) manholes in pressure potable water storage tanks, or (c) food-handling or processing equipment.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.6.3. Sumps or Tanks (1) Only piping that is too low to drain into a building sewer by gravity shall be drained to a sump or receiving tank. (2) Where the sump or tank receives sanitary sewage it shall be water and air-tight and shall be vented. (3) Equipment such as a pump or ejector that can lift the contents of the sump or tank and discharge it into the sanitary building drain or sanitary building sewer shall be installed. (4) Where the equipment does not operate automatically the capacity of the sump shall be sufficient to hold at least a 24 hours accumulation of liquid. (5) Where there is a building trap the discharge pipe from the equipment shall be connected to the sanitary building drain downstream of the trap. (6) The discharge pipe from every pumped sanitary sewage sump shall be equipped with a union, a check valve and a shut-off valve installed in that sequence in the direction of discharge. (7) The discharge piping from a pump or ejector shall be sized for optimum flow velocities at pump design conditions. (8) The discharge pipe from every pumped storm sewage sump shall be equipped with, (a) a union and a check valve installed in that sequence in the direction of discharge and pumped to above grade level, or (b) a union, a check valve and a shut off valve installed in that sequence in the direction of discharge.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.6.4. Protection from Backflow (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), a backwater valve that would prevent free circulation of air shall not be installed in a building drain or in a building sewer. (2) A backwater valve may be installed in a building drain provided that, (a) it is a “normally open” design conforming to, (i) CAN/CSA-B70, “Cast Iron Soil Pipe, Fittings, and Means of Joining”, (ii) CAN/CSA-B181.1, “Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Pipe Fittings”, (iii) CAN/CSA-B181.2, “Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and Chlorinated Polyvinylchloride (CPVC) Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Pipe Fittings”, or (iv) CAN/CSA-B182.1, “Plastic Drain and Sewer Pipe and Pipe Fittings”, and (b) it does not serve more than one dwelling unit. (3) Except as provided in Sentences (4) and (5), where a building drain or a branch may be subject to backflow, a backwater valve shall be installed on every fixture drain connected to them when the fixture is located below the level of the adjoining street. (4) Where more than one fixture is located on a storey and all are connected to the same branch, the backwater valve may be installed on the branch. (5) A subsoil drainage pipe that drains into a sanitary drainage system that is subject to surcharge shall be connected in such a manner that sewage cannot back up into the subsoil drainage pipe.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.6.6. Building Drain Ends (1) Where a building drain enters a building above the elevation of the bottom of the wall of a building, the building drain may be deemed to terminate at the first point that the drainage pipe changes direction from the horizontal to the vertical. 7.4.7. Cleanouts
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.7.1. Cleanouts for Drainage Systems (1) Every sanitary drainage system and storm drainage system shall be provided with cleanouts that will permit cleaning of the entire system. (2) A cleanout fitting shall be provided on the upstream side and directly over every running trap. (3) Every interior leader shall be provided with a cleanout fitting at the bottom of the leader or not more than 1 000 mm upstream from the bottom of the leader. (4) Where a cleanout is required on a building sewer 8 in. or larger in size, it shall be a manhole. (5) Where there is a change of direction greater than 45° in a sanitary building drain or a sanitary building sewer, a cleanout shall be installed at each change in direction. (6) Every sanitary building drain or storm building drain shall be provided with a cleanout fitting that is located as close as practical to the place where the drain leaves the building. (7) Every soil or waste stack shall be provided with a cleanout fitting, (a) at the bottom of the stack, (b) not more than 1 000 mm upstream of the bottom of the stack, or (c) on a Y fitting connecting the stack to the building drain or branch. (8) A cleanout shall be provided to permit the cleaning of the piping immediately downstream of an interceptor. (9) Every indirect drainage pipe carrying waste from a food receptacle shall have a cleanout access at every change of direction of more than 45°. (10) A cleanout shall be installed on a fixture drain serving a kitchen sink.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.7.2. Size and Spacing of Cleanouts (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), on drainage piping of 4 in. size and smaller, the minimum size cleanout opening shall be the same size as the drainage pipe and on drainage piping larger than the 4 in. size, the cleanout opening shall be 4 in. or larger and the maximum spacing between cleanouts on horizontal pipe shall be, (a) in the case of a sink waste pipe, 6 m, (b) in the case of a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe, or storm drainage pipe, other than a waste pipe from a sink, 15 m, and (c) in the case of a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe or storm drainage pipe larger than 4 in. size, 30 m. (2) The spacing between manholes serving a building sewer, (a) 24 in. or less in size shall not exceed 90 m, and (b) over 24 in. in size shall not exceed 150 m. (3) The developed length of a building sewer between the building and the first manhole to which the building sewer connects shall not exceed 30 m. (4) Cleanouts that allow rodding in one direction only shall be installed to permit rodding in the direction of flow. (5) Manholes shall be located at all junctions, all changes in grade, size or alignment (except for curvilinear alignment) on a sanitary building sewer that is 8 in. or larger in size. (6) Manholes shall be located at changes of grade, size or alignment (except for curvilinear alignment) on a storm building sewer or exterior storm drainage pipe that is 8 in. or larger in size.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.7.3. Manholes (1) A manhole including the cover shall be designed to support all loads imposed upon it. (2) A manhole shall be provided with, (a) a cover which shall provide an airtight seal if located within a building, (b) a rigid ladder of a corrosion-resistant material where the depth exceeds 1 000 mm, and (c) a vent to the exterior if the manhole is located within a building. (3) A manhole shall have a minimum horizontal dimension of 1 200 mm, except that the top 1 500 mm may be tapered from 1 200 mm down to a minimum of 600 mm at the top. (4) A manhole in a sanitary drainage system shall be channelled to direct the flow of effluent.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.7.4. Location of Cleanouts (1) Cleanouts and access covers shall be located so that the openings are readily accessible for drain cleaning purposes. (2) A cleanout shall not be located in a floor assembly in a manner that may constitute a hazard and shall not be used as a floor drain. (3) Reserved (4) Each change of direction of the piping between a cleanout fitting and the drainage piping or vent piping that is serves shall be accomplished by using 45° bends. (5) A cleanout shall be provided to serve vertical drainage piping from a wall hung urinal and shall extend above the flood level rim of the fixture. (6) A cleanout serving a fixture in health care facilities, mortuaries, laboratories and similar occupancies, where contamination by body fluids is likely, shall be located a minimum of 150 mm above the flood level rim of the fixture. 7.4.8. Minimum Slope and Length of Drainage Pipes
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.8.1. Minimum Slope (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), every drainage pipe that has a size of 3 in. or less, and every fixture drain shall have a downward slope in the direction of flow of at least 1 in 50. (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to a force main. (3) Where it is not possible to comply with Sentence (1), a lesser slope may be used if it will produce a gravity flow of not less than 0.6 m per second.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.9.2. Serving Water Closets (1) The size of every drainage pipe that serves a water closet shall be at least 3 in. (2) The size of every horizontal drainage pipe downstream of the third water closet fixture drain connection shall be at least 4 in. (3) The size of every soil stack that serves more than 6 water closets shall be at least 4 in. (4) The discharge pipe serving a macerating toilet shall be not less than 3/4 in. size with a hydraulic load of 4 fixture units.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.9.3. Size of Fixture Outlet Pipes (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) the size of every fixture outlet pipe shall conform to Table 7.4.9.3. Table 7.4.9.3.   Minimum Permitted Size of Fixture Outlet Pipe and Hydraulic Loads for Fixtures Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.9.3.(1) and 7.4.10.2.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Fixture

Minimum Size of Fixture Outlet Pipe, in.

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


Autopsy table

1 ½

2


Bathroom group

 

 


(a) with flush tank

 

6


(b) with direct flush valve

 

8


Bathtub (with or without shower)

1 ½

1 ½


Bath: foot, sitz or slab

1 ½

1 ½


Bed pan washer

3

6


Beer cabinet

1 ½

1 ½


Bidet

1 ¼

1


Chinese range

1 ½

3


Clothes washer

 

 


(a) domestic

N/A

1 ½ with 1 ½ in. trap


(b) commercial

N/A

2 with 1 ½ in. trap


Cup Sinks

1 ¼

2


Dental unit or cuspidor

1 ¼

1


Dishwasher

 

 


(a) domestic

1 ½

1 (no load if connected to garbage grinder or domestic sink)


(b) commercial type

2

3


Drinking fountain

1 ¼

2


Fish tank or tray

1 ½

12


Floor drain

2

2 with 2 in. trap


 

 

3 with 3 in. trap


Garbage grinder, commercial type

2

3


Icebox

1 ¼

1


Laundry tray

 

 


(a) single or double units or 2 single units with common trap 

1 ½

1 ½


(b) 3 compartments

1 ½

2


Lavatory

 

 


(a) barber or beauty parlor

1 ½

1 ½


(b) dental

1 ¼

1


(c) domestic type single, or 2 single with common trap

1 ¼

1 with 1 ¼ in. trap
1 ½ with 1 ½ in. trap


(d) multiple or industrial type

1 ½

3


Macerating Toilet System for single bathroom

See Sentence 7.4.9.2.(4)

4


Potato Peeler

2

3


Shower drain

 

 


(a) from 1 head

1 ½

1 ½


(b) from 2 or 3 heads

2

3


(c) from 4 to 6 heads

3

6


Sink

 

 


(a) domestic and other small type with or without garbage grinders, single, double or 2 single with a common trap

1 ½

1 ½


(b) other sinks

1 ½

1 ½ with 1 ½ in. trap


 

 

2 with 2 in. trap


 

 

3 with 3 in. trap


Urinal

 

 


(a) pedestal, siphon jet or blowout type

2

4


(b) stall, washout type

2

2


(c) wall

 

 


(i) washout type

1 ½

1 ½


(ii) other types

2

3


Water closet

 

 


(a) with flush tank

3

4


(b) with direct flush

3

6 (2) The part of the fixture outlet pipe that is common to 3 compartments of a sink shall be one size larger than the largest fixture outlet pipe of the compartments that it serves. (3) Where clothes washers do not drain to a laundry tray, the trap inlet shall be fitted with a vertical standpipe that is not less than 600 mm long measured from the trap weir and the top of the standpipe shall terminate above the flood level rim of the clothes washer it serves.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.9.4. Minimum Size of Building Drains and Sewers (1) Every sanitary building drain and every sanitary building sewer shall be at least 4 in. size. (2) Every storm building drain and every storm building sewer shall be at least 4 in. size. 7.4.10. Hydraulic Loads
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.1. Total Load on a Pipe (1) The hydraulic load on a pipe is the total load from, (a) every fixture that is connected to the system upstream of the pipe, (b) every fixture for which provision is made for future connection upstream of the pipe, and (c) all roofs and paved surfaces that drain into the system upstream of the pipe.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.2. Hydraulic Loads for Fixtures (1) The hydraulic load from a fixture that is listed in Table 7.4.9.3. is the number of fixture units set forth in the Table. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (1), the hydraulic load from a fixture that is not listed in Table 7.4.9.3. is the number of fixture units set forth in Table 7.4.10.2. for the trap of the size that serves the fixture. Table 7.4.10.2.   Permitted Hydraulic Load from a Fixture Based on Size of Trap Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.2.(2)  Column 1

Column 2


Size of Trap, in.

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


1 ¼

1


1 ½

2


2

3


2 ½

4


3

5


4

6
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.3. Hydraulic Loads from Fixtures with Continuous or Semi-continuous Flow (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the hydraulic load from a fixture that produces a continuous flow, such as a pump or an air-conditioning fixture, is 31.7 fixture units for each litre per second of flow. (2) Where a fixture or equipment that produces a continuous or semi-continuous flow drains to a storm drainage system, the hydraulic load from the fixture is 900 litres for each litre per second of flow. (3) The hydraulic load from a fixture or equipment that produces a semi-continuous flow shall conform to Table 7.4.10.3. Table 7.4.10.3.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load from Fixtures with Semi-continuous Flows Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.3.(3)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Maximum Permitted Flows by Trap Size


Trap Size, in.

Flow, L/s

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


1 ½

0.00 - 0.090

3


2

0.091 - 0.190

6


3

0.191 - 0.850

27


4

0.851 - 5.700

180
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.4. Hydraulic Loads from Roofs or Paved Surfaces (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the hydraulic load in litres from a roof or paved surface is the maximum 15 min rainfall determined in conformance with Supplementary Standard SB-1, multiplied by the sum of, (a) the area in square metres of the horizontal projection of the surface drained, and (b) one-half the area in square metres of the largest adjoining vertical surface. (2) Flow control roof drains may be installed provided, (a) the maximum drain down time does not exceed 24 h, (b) the roof structure has been designed to carry the load of the accumulated water, (c) one or more scuppers are installed so that the maximum depth of water on the roof cannot exceed 150 mm, (d) they are located not more than 15 m from the edge of the roof and not more than 30 m from adjacent drains, and (e) there is at least one drain for each 900 m2.
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.5. Conversion of Fixture Units to Litres and Gal/min (1) Except as provided in Sentence 7.4.10.3.(2), where the hydraulic load is to be expressed in litres, fixture units shall be converted as follows: (a) when the number of fixture units is 260 or fewer, the load is 2 360 L, and (b) when the number of fixture units exceeds 260, the load is 9.1 L for each fixture unit. (2) Where the hydraulic load is to be expressed in gal/min, fixture units shall be converted in accordance with Table 7.4.10.5. Table 7.4.10.5.   Maximum Probable Drainage Rate, gal/min Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.10.3.(1), 7.4.10.5.(2)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4


Fixture Units in Service

Fixture Units

Fixture Units 

Fixture Units


 

Col. 1

Col. 1 × 10

Col. 1 × 100


100

53

174

900


90

51

164

835


80

49

153

750


70

47

140

680


60

44

128

600


50

41

115

520


40

38

102

435


30

33

88

350


20

27

72

262


10

21

53

174
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.6. Hydraulic Loads to Soil or Waste Pipes (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (4), the hydraulic load that is drained to every soil or waste stack shall conform to Table 7.4.10.6.A. Table 7.4.10.6.A.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to Soil-or-Waste Stack Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.6.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Pipe Size, in.

Maximum Hydraulic Load, fixture units

Maximum Fixture Units Drained from any one Storey


1 ¼

2

2


1 ½

8

5


2

24

10


3

102

18


4

540

100


5

1 400

250


6

2 900

500


8

7 600

830


10

15 000

2 700


12

26 000

4 680


15

50 000

9 000 (2) Where the nominally horizontal offset in a soil or waste stack is 1 500 mm or more, the hydraulic load that is served by it shall conform to Table 7.4.10.8. (3) Vertical sanitary drainage pipe shall be designed to carry no more than 29% of its full capacity. (4) No vertical waste pipe, branch or stack of less than 3 in. diameter shall have a hydraulic load in excess of that permitted by Table 7.4.10.6.B. Table 7.4.10.6.B.   Maximum Load on Vertical Drainage Pipe, Fixture Units Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.6.(4)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4


Pipe Size, in.

Stack Height

Stack Height

For Each Storey in Stack of 


 

3 Storeys or less

More than 3 Storeys

more than 3 Storeys


1 ¼

2

2

2


1 ½

8

8

5


2

16

24

10
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.7. Hydraulic Loads on Branches (1) No horizontal sanitary drainage pipe of less than 3 in. size shall have a fixture loading in excess of that permitted by Table 7.4.10.7. Table 7.4.10.7.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to a Branch Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.7.(1)  Column 1

Column 2


Size of Branch, in.

Maximum Load, fixture units


1 ¼

2


1 ½

4


2

6
Notes to Table 7.2.7.4.:
7.4.10.8. Hydraulic Loads on Sanitary Horizontal Drain (1) Except as permitted by Article 7.4.10.7., the hydraulic load that is drained to a horizontal sanitary drainage pipe shall conform to Table 7.4.10.8., based on the size and slope. (2) Horizontal sanitary drainage pipe shall be designed to carry no more than 65% of its full capacity. Table 7.4.10.8.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to a Horizontal Sanitary Drainage Pipe Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.10.3.(1), 7.4.10.6.(2) and 7.4.10.8.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5

Column 6

Column 7


Drain Size, Nominal in.

Maximum Hydraulic Load, fixture units


 

Slope(1)


 

1:400

1:200

1:133

1:100

1:50

1:25


3

---

---

---

---

27

36


4

---

---

---

180

240

300


5

---

---

380

390

480

670


6

---

---

600

700

840

1300


8

---

1400

1500

1600

2250

3370


10

---

2500

2700

3000

4500

6500


12

2240

3900

4500

5400

8300

13000


15

4800

7000

9300

10400

16300

22500
Notes to Table 7.4.10.8.:
7.4.10.9. Hydraulic Loads on Horizontal Storm Drains (1) The hydraulic load that is drained to a horizontal storm drainage pipe shall conform to Table 7.4.10.9., based on the size and slope. Table 7.4.10.9.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to a Horizontal Storm Drainage Pipe Forming Part of Sentences 7.4.10.9.(1) and 7.4.10.10.(2)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5

Column 6

Column 7

Column 8


Size of Drain or Sewer, in.

Maximum Hydraulic Load, L


Slope(1)


1 in 400

1 in 200

1 in 133

1 in 100

1 in 68

1 in 50

1 in 25


3

------

------

------

------

2 390

2 770

3 910


4

------

------

------

4 220

5 160

5 970

8 430


5

------

------

6 760

7 650

9 350

10 800

15 300


6

------

------

10 700

12 400

15 200

17 600

24 900


8

------

18 900

23 200

26 700

32 800

37 800

53 600


10

------

34 300

41 900

48 500

59 400

68 600

97 000


12

37 400

55 900

68 300

78 700

96 500

112 000

158 000


15

71 400

101 000

124 000

143 000

175 000

202 000

287 000
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.4.10.10. Rain Leaders (1) No change in the size of a rain leader with a nominally horizontal offset is required if the offset, (a) is located immediately under the roof, (b) is not more than 6 m long, and (c) has a slope not less than 1 in 50. (2) If the horizontal offset is more than 6 m long, the rain leader shall conform to Table 7.4.10.9. (3) The hydraulic load that is drained to a rain leader shall conform to Table 7.4.10.10. Table 7.4.10.10.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Load Drained to a Circular Rain Leader Forming Part of Sentence 7.4.10.10.(3)  Column 1

Column 2


Size, in.

Maximum Hydraulic Load, L


2

1 700


2 ½

3 070


3

5 000


4

10 800


5

19 500


6

31 800


8

68 300 Section 7.5. Venting Systems 7.5.1. Vent Pipes for Traps