jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.1.1. Venting for Traps  (1) Except as provided in Sentences (3) and (4), every trap shall be protected by a vent pipe. (2) Drainage systems shall be protected by the installation of a system as provided in Subsections 7.5.4. and 7.5.5. by the installation of, (a) additional circuit vents, (b) branch vents, (c) circuit vents, (d) continuous vents, (e) dual vents, (f) fresh air inlets, (g) headers, (h) individual vents, (i) offset relief vents, (j) relief vents, (k) stack vents, (l) vent stacks, (m) wet vents, or (n) yoke vents. (3) A trap that serves a floor drain or hub drain need not be protected by a vent pipe separately where, (a) the size of the trap is not less than 3 in., (b) the length of the fixture drain is not less than 450 mm, (c) the fall on the fixture drain does not exceed its size, and (d) the trap is connected to a horizontal drainage pipe that terminates at its upstream end in a 3 in. stack. (4) A trap need not be protected by a vent pipe, (a) where it serves, (i) a subsoil drainage pipe, or (ii) a storm drainage system, or (b) where it forms part of an indirect drainage system. 7.5.2. Wet Venting
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.2.1. Wet Venting (1) A soil or waste pipe may serve as a wet vent provided that, (a) the hydraulic load is in accordance with Table 7.5.8.1., (b) the number of wet vented water closets does not exceed 2, (c) when 2 water closets are installed, they are connected at the same level to a vertical part of the stack by means of a double fitting in accordance with Table 7.2.4.5., (d) the water closets are installed downstream of all other fixtures, (e) trap arms and fixture drains connected to the wet vent do not exceed 2 in. in size, except for connections from floor drains in accordance with Clauses 7.5.1.1.(3)(a) to (c), (f) the total hydraulic load on the wet vent does not exceed the limits stated in Table 7.5.8.1. when separately vented branches or fixture drains in the same storey, having a total hydraulic load not greater than 2 fixture units, are connected to a wet vent or a wet vented water closet trap arm, (g) the hydraulic load to be considered when sizing a continuous vent, that serves a wet vent only includes the hydraulic load that is wet vented, (h) when a wet vent extends through more than one storey, the total discharge from any one storey above the first storey does not exceed 4 fixture units, (i) there is not more than one nominally horizontal offset in the wet vent, and, (i) the offset does not exceed 1 200 mm for pipes 2 in. or less in size, or (ii) the offset does not exceed 2 500 mm for pipes larger than 2 in. in size, (j) the wet vented portion is not reduced in size except for the portion that is upstream of floor drains in accordance with Clauses 7.5.1.1.(3)(a) to (c), and (k) the length of the wet vent is not limited. 7.5.3. Circuit Venting
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.3.1. Circuit Venting (1) A section of a horizontal branch may be circuit vented provided, (a) a circuit vent is connected to it, (b) all fixtures serve by the circuit vent are located in the same storey and located at the most distant upstream section of the horizontal branch, and (c) no soil or waste stack is connected to it upstream of a circuit vented fixture. (2) Fixtures with fixture outlet pipes less than 2 in. in size shall be separately vented or separately circuit vented. (3) Except as provided in Sentences (4) and (5), a relief vent shall be connected to the branch that forms part of a circuit vented system, downstream of the connection of the most downstream circuit vented fixture. (4) A soil or waste pipe having a hydraulic load not greater than 6 fixture units may act as a relief vent for a branch that is being circuit vented. (5) A symmetrically connected relief vent may serve as a combined relief vent for a maximum of 2 branches that are circuit vented, provided there are not more than 8 circuit vented fixtures connected between the combined relief vent and each circuit vent. (6) Additional circuit vents shall be required, (a) when each cumulative horizontal change in direction of a branch served by a circuit vent exceeds 450 between vent pipe connections, or (b) where more than 8 circuit vented fixtures are connected to a branch between vent pipe connections. (7) A soil or waste pipe may serve as an additional circuit vent in accordance with Sentence (6) provided that the soil or waste pipe is sized as a wet vent in conformance with Article 7.5.8.1. and is not less than 2 in. in size. (8) Connections to circuit vents and additional circuit vents in accordance with Sentence (6) shall conform to Sentence 7.5.4.5.(1). (9) A circuit vented branch, including the fixture drain downstream of the circuit vent connection, shall be sized in accordance with Articles 7.4.10.7. and 7.4.10.8., except that it shall be not less than, (a) 2 in., where traps less than 2 in. in size are circuit vented, or (b) 3 in., where traps 2 in. in size or larger are circuit vented. (10) Additional circuit vents shall be sized in accordance with Table 7.5.7.1. and Sentence 7.5.7.3.(1). (11) The hydraulic load on a circuit vent shall include the hydraulic load from fixtures connected to the branch served by the circuit vent, but shall not include the hydraulic load from fixtures permitted by Sentences (3), (4) and (5). 7.5.4. Vent Pipes for Soil or Waste Stacks
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.4.1. Stack Vents  (1) The upper end of every soil or waste stack shall terminate in a stack vent and the stack vent shall terminate in open air outside the building, or connect directly or through a header to another stack vent or vent stack that does terminate in open air outside the building.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.4.2. Vent Stacks (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), every soil or waste stack greater than 4 storeys in height shall have a vent stack. (2) A soil or waste stack that serves as a wet vent does not require a vent stack. (3) The vent stack required by Sentence (1) shall be connected to a vertical section of the soil or waste stack at or immediately below the lowest soil or waste pipe connected to the soil or waste stack. (4) Fixtures may be connected to a vent stack provided, (a) the total hydraulic load of the connected fixtures does not exceed 8 fixture units, (b) at least one fixture is connected to a vertical portion of the vent stack and upstream of any other fixtures, (c) no other fixture is connected downstream of a water closet, (d) all fixtures are located in the lowest storey served by the vent stack, and (e) the section of the vent pipe that acts as a wet vent conforms to the requirements regarding wet vents.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.4.3. Yoke Vents (1) Except as provided in Sentence (4), where a soil or waste stack receives the discharge from fixtures located on more than 11 storeys, a yoke vent shall be, (a) installed for each section of 5 storeys or part of them counted from the top down, (b) installed at or immediately above each offset or double offset, and (c) sized in accordance with Sentence 7.5.7.5.(1). (2) The yoke vent shall be connected to the soil or waste stack by means of a drainage fitting at or immediately below the lowest soil or waste pipe from the lowest storey of the sections described in Sentence (1). (3) The yoke vent shall connect to the vent stack at least 1 000 mm above the floor level of the lowest storey in the section described in Sentence (1). (4) A yoke vent need not be installed provided the soil or waste stack is interconnected with the vent stack in each storey of the section in which fixtures are located by means of a vent pipe equal in size to the branch or fixture drain or 2 in. in size, whichever is smaller.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.4.5. Fixtures Draining into Vent Pipes (1) The trap arm of a fixture that has a hydraulic load of not more than 1 ½ fixture units may be connected to the vertical section of a circuit vent, additional circuit vent, offset relief vent or yoke vent, provided that, (a) not more than 2 fixtures are connected to the vent pipe, (b) where 2 fixtures are connected to the vent pipe, the connection is by means of a double fitting, in accordance with Table 7.2.4.5., and (c) the section of the vent pipe that acts as a wet vent conforms to the requirements regarding wet vents. 7.5.5. Miscellaneous Vent Pipes
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.5.1. Venting of Sanitary Sewage Sumps (1) Every sump or tank that receives sanitary sewage shall be provided with a vent pipe that is connected to the top of the sump or tank.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.5.2. Venting of Interceptors (1) Every oil interceptor shall be provided with 2 vent pipes that, (a) connect to the interceptor at opposite ends, (b) extend independently to open air, (c) terminate not less than 2 000 mm above ground and at elevations differing by at least 300 mm, and (d) do not connect to each other or any other vent pipe. (2) Adjacent compartments within every oil interceptor shall be connected to each other by a vent opening. (3) Where a secondary receiver for oil is installed in conjunction with an oil interceptor, it shall be vented in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and the vent pipe shall, (a) in no case be less than 1 ½ inch in size, (b) extend independently to open air, and (c) terminate not less than 2 000 mm above ground. (4) The vent pipes referred to in Sentence (1) are permitted to be one size smaller than the largest connected drainage pipe but not less than 1 ¼ in. in size, or can be sized in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. (5) Every vent pipe that serves an oil or grease interceptor and is located outside a building shall be not less than 3 in. in size in areas where it may be subject to frost closure. (6) Every grease interceptor shall have a vent pipe that is not less than 1 ½ in. size connected to the outlet pipe, that connects to the plumbing venting system. (7) A vent pipe shall be provided within 1 500 mm of the inlet to a grease interceptor complete with a cleanout to provide cleaning of the vent pipe. (8) Where an acid waste dilution tank is installed, it shall be provided with a vent pipe connected at the top of the tank and that is sized in accordance with Article 7.5.7.7.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.5.3. Venting of Corrosive Drain Piping and Dilution Tanks (1) Venting systems for drain piping or dilution tanks conveying corrosive waste shall extend independently and terminate in open air.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.5.4. Fresh Air Inlets (1) Where a building trap is installed, a fresh air inlet not less than 4 in. in size shall be connected upstream and within 1 200 mm of the building trap and downstream of any other connection.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.5.5. Provision for Future Installations (1) Where provision is made for a fixture to be installed in the future, the drainage system and venting system shall be sized accordingly and provision made for the necessary future connections. (2) Except as required in Sentence 7.5.7.7.(2), where a plumbing system is installed in a building, every storey in which plumbing is or may be installed, including the basement of a single family dwelling, shall have extended into it or passing through it a vent pipe that is at least 1 ½ in. in size for the provision of future connections. 7.5.6. Arrangement of Vent Pipes
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.6.2. Vent Pipe Connections (1) Every vent pipe in a plumbing system shall be installed so as to be direct as possible to a vent stack or open air, as the case may be, and so that any horizontal run below the flood level of the fixture to which the vent pipe is installed is eliminated where structurally possible. (2) Except for wet vents, where a vent pipe is connected to a nominally horizontal soil or waste pipe, the connection shall be above the horizontal centre line of the soil or waste pipe. (3) Unused vent pipes installed for future connections shall be permanently capped with an end cleanout or an adapter and plug.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.6.3. Location of Vent Pipes  (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), a vent pipe that protects a fixture trap shall be located so that, (a) the developed length of the trap arm is not less than twice the size of the fixture drain, (b) the total fall of the trap arm is not greater than its inside diameter, and (c) the trap arm does not have a cumulative change in direction of more than 135°. (2) The trap arm of water closets, S-trap standards or any other fixture that also discharges vertically and depends on siphonic action for its proper functioning shall not have a cumulative change in direction of more than 225°. (3) A vent pipe that protects a water closet or any other fixture that also depends on siphonic action for its proper functioning shall be located so that the distance between the connections of the fixture drain to the fixture and the vent pipe shall not exceed, (a) 1 000 mm in the vertical plane, and (b) 3 m in the horizontal plane. (4) The maximum length and minimum slope of every trap arm shall conform to Table 7.5.6.3. Table 7.5.6.3.   Length of Trap Arm Forming Part of Sentence 7.5.6.3.(4)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Size of Trap Served, in.

Maximum Trap Arm, m

Minimum Slope


1 ¼

1.5

1/50


1 ½

1.5

1/50


2

1.5

1/50


3

1.8

1/50


4

3

1/50


5

4

1/50


6

5

1/50 (5) The vent pipe from a water closet or any other fixture that has an integral siphonic flushing action may be connected to the vertical leg of its drainage pipe.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.6.5. Terminals (1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the upper end of every vent pipe that is not terminated in open air shall be connected to a venting system that terminates through a roof to open air. (2) The upper end of every vent pipe that is terminated in open air, other than a vent pipe that serves an oil interceptor or a fresh air inlet, shall be extended above the roof. (3) Where a vent pipe is installed as a result of additions or alterations to a plumbing system in an existing building, the vent pipe may be erected outside the building, provided that, (a) no single change of direction of the vent pipe exceeds 45°, (b) all parts of the vent pipe are nominally vertical, (c) the vent pipe is increased to not less than 3 in. in size before penetrating a wall or roof, and (d) where the building is 4 storeys or less in height, the vent pipe terminates above the roof of the building. (4) Except for a fresh air inlet, where a vent pipe is terminated in open air, the terminal shall be located, (a) not less than 1 000 mm above or not less than 3.5 m in any other direction from every air inlet, openable window or door, (b) not less than 2 000 mm above or not less than 3.5 m in any other direction from a roof that supports an occupancy, and (c) not less than 2 000 mm above ground. (5) Where a vent pipe passes through a roof, it shall, (a) be terminated high enough to prevent the entry of roof drainage but not less than 150 mm above the roof or above the surface of storm water, which could pond on the roof, and (b) be equipped with flashing to prevent the entry of water between the vent pipe and the roof or the wall. (6) Where a vent pipe passes through a roof or an outside wall of a building, it shall be protected from frost closure by increasing its diameter at least one size, but not less than 3 in. in size, immediately before it penetrates the roof or the wall. (7) Where a vent pipe is located 2 000 mm or more above a roof, it shall be so constructed as to be stable and secure. (8) Flashing shall be of material specified in Article 7.2.10.14. and on a shingled roof shall have a minimum dimension of 500 mm by 500 mm. (9) Where a sleeve flashing is installed on a flat roof it shall extend at least 150 mm above the flood level and on a sloped roof shall be at least 150 mm high on the short side. (10) No bore of a vent stack or stack vent shall be reduced or obstructed by the installation of a flashing. 7.5.7. Minimum Size of Vent Pipes
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.1. General (1) The size of every vent pipe shall conform to Table 7.5.7.1. Table 7.5.7.1.   Minimum Permitted Size of Vent Pipe Based on Size of Trap Forming Part of Sentence 7.5.7.1.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Size of Trap Served, in.

Minimum Size of Vent Pipe, in.

Maximum Trap Arm, m


1 ¼

1 ¼

1.5


1 ½

1 ¼

1.5


2

1 ½

1.5


3

1 ½

1.8


4

1 ½

3.0


5

2

4.0


6

2

5.0
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.2. Size Restriction (1) The size of a branch vent, stack vent, vent stack or header shall be not less than the size of the vent pipe to which it is connected. (2) Every sanitary building drain shall terminate at its upstream end in a stack of at least 3 in. size. (3) A stack referred to in Sentence (2) shall be a soil stack if one is available and may be a vent stack or waste stack that provides at least 3 in. stack vent and that goes to open air above the roof, either directly or through a header.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.3. Additional Circuit Vents and Relief Vents (1) Except as provided in Article 7.5.7.1. and in Sentence 7.5.3.1.(7), the minimum size of an additional circuit vent or relief vent installed in conjunction with a circuit vent is permitted to be one size smaller than the required size of the circuit vent, but need not be larger than 2 in. (2) The size of the soil or waste pipe acting as a relief vent in accordance with Sentence 7.5.3.1.(4) shall be in conformance with Tables 7.5.8.3. or 7.5.8.4. or Article 7.5.7.1., whichever size is the largest considering the hydraulic load drained into the soil or waste pipe.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.4. Offset Relief Vents (1) Except as provided in Article 7.5.7.1., the minimum size of an offset relief vent is permitted to be one size smaller than the size of the stack vent.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.5. Yoke Vents (1) Yoke vents required by Sentence 7.5.4.3.(1) are permitted to be one size smaller than the size of the smallest pipe to which they are connected.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.7.7. Vents for Sanitary Sewage Sumps or Tanks, Dilution Tanks and Macerating Toilet Systems (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the minimum size of the vent pipe for a sanitary sewage sump or tank, or dilution tank shall be one size smaller than the size of the largest branch or fixture drain draining to the sump or tank. (2) The size of every vent pipe for a sanitary sewage sump or tank, or dilution tank shall be not less than 2 in., but need not be greater than 4 in. (3) The size of every vent pipe for a macerating toilet system with a sump or tank shall be not less than 1 ½ in. 7.5.8. Sizing of Vent Pipes
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.8.1. Hydraulic Loads Draining to Wet Vents (1) The hydraulic load that drains to a wet vent shall conform to Table 7.5.8.1. (2) When determining the size of a wet vent, the hydraulic load from the most downstream fixture or symmetrically connected fixtures shall not be included. Table 7.5.8.1.   Maximum Permitted Hydraulic Loads Drained to a Wet Vent Forming Part of Articles 7.5.2.1. and 7.5.8.1.  Column 1

2

3


Size of Wet Vent, in.

Maximum Hydraulic Load, Fixture Units


 

Not Serving Water Closets

Serving Not More Than Two Water Closets


 

 

Fixtures Other Than Water Closets


1 ½

2

N/A


2

4

3


3

12

8


4

36

14


5

N/A

18


6

N/A

23
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.8.2. Individual Vents and Dual Vents (1) The size of individual vents and dual vents shall be determined using Table 7.5.7.1. according to the largest trap served. (2) When sizing an individual vent or a dual vent, the length is not taken into consideration.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.8.3. Branch Vents, Headers, Continuous Vents and Circuit Vents (1) Branch vents, headers, circuit vents and continuous vents shall be sized in accordance with Table 7.5.8.3. Table 7.5.8.3.   Sizing of Branch Vents, Headers, Continuous Vents and Circuit Vents Forming Part of Article 7.5.8.3.  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5

Column 6

Column 7

Column 8

Column 9


Total Hydraulic Load Served by Vent, fixture units

Size of Vent Pipe, in.


 

1 ¼

1 ½

2

3

4

5

6

8


 

Maximum Length of Vent Pipe, m


2

9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


8

9

30

61

 

 

 

 

 


20

7.5

15

46

 

 

 

 

 


24

4.5

9

30

 

 

 

 

 


42

 

9

30

 

 

 

 

 


60

 

4.5

15

120

 

 

 

 


100

 

 

11

79

305

 

 

 


200

 

 

9

76

275

 

 

 


500

 

 

6

55

215

 

 

 


1 100

 

 

 

15

61

215

 

 


1 900

 

 

 

6

21

61

215

 


2 200

 

 

 

 

9

27

105

335


3 600

 

 

 

 

7.5

18

76

245


5 600

 

 

 

 

 

7.5

18

76 (2) For the purposes of Table 7.5.8.3., the length of a branch vent shall be its developed length from the most distant soil or waste pipe connection to a vent stack, stack vent, header or open air. (3) For the purposes of Table 7.5.8.3., the length of a header shall be its developed length from the most distant soil or waste pipe connection to open air. (4) For the purposes of Table 7.5.8.3., the length of a circuit vent shall be its developed length from the horizontal soil or waste pipe connection to a vent stack, stack vent, header or open air. (5) For the purposes of Table 7.5.8.3., the length of a continuous vent shall be its developed length from the vertical soil or waste pipe connection to a vent stack, stack vent, header or open air.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.8.4. Vent Stacks, or Stack Vents (1) A vent stack, or stack vent shall be sized in accordance with Table 7.5.8.4. based on, (a) the length of the vent stack or stack vent, and (b) the total hydraulic load that is drained to the lowest section of soil or waste stack or stacks served by the vent pipe, plus any additional vent loads connected to the vent stack or stack vent. (2) For the purposes of Table 7.5.8.4., the length of a stack vent or vent stack shall be its developed length from its lower end to open air. (3) The minimum size of vent stack or stack vent shall be one-half the size of the soil or waste stack at its base. (4) A stack vent serving a wet vent stack that is over 4 storeys high shall extend the full size of the wet vent to open air. (5) Every sanitary building drain shall be provided with at least one vent that is not less than 3 in. in size. Table 7.5.8.4.   Size and Developed Length of Stack Vents and Vent Stacks Forming Part of Sentence 7.5.8.4.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5

Column 6

Column 7

Column 8

Column 9

Column 10

Column 11

Column 12

Column 13


Size of Soil or Waste Stack, in.

Total Hydraulic Load Being Vented, fixture units

Water OccupiedArea

Size of Stack Vent or Vent Stack, in.


 

 

 

1¼

1 ½

2

3

4

5

6

8

10

12


 

 

 

Maximum Length of Stack Vent or Vent Stack, m


1¼

2

0.29

9

 

 

 

 


1½

8

0.25

15

46

 

 

 


10

.29

9

30.5

 

 

 


2

12

0.25

9

23

61

 

 


20

.29

8

15

46

 

 


3

10

0.15

 

13

46

317

Not Limited


 

21

.20

 

10

33.5

247

 


 

53

.25

 

8

28.5

207

 


 

102

.29

 

7.5

26

189

 


4

43

0.15

Not Permitted

10.5

76

299

Not Limited


 

140

.20

8

61

229

 


 

320

.25

7

52

195

 


 

540

.29

6.5

46

177

 


5

190

0.15

Not Permitted

25

97.5

302

Not Limited


 

490

.20

29

76

232

 


 

940

.25

16

64

204

 


 

1 400

.29

15

58

180

 


6

500

0.15

Not Permitted

10

39.5

122

305

Not Limited


 

1 100

.20

8

30.5

94.5

238

 


 

2 000

.25

6.5

25.5

79

201

 


 

2 900

.29

6

23.5

73

183

 


8

1 800

0.15

Not Permitted

9.5

29

73

287

Not Limited


 

3 400

.20

7

22

58

219.5

 


 

5 600

.25

6

19

49

186

 


 

7 600

.29

5.5

17

43

70.5

 


10

4 000

0.15

Not Permitted

9.5

24

94.5

292.5

Not Limited


 

7 200

.20

7

18

73

225.5

 


 

11 000

.25

6

15.5

61

192

 


 

15 000

.29

5.5

14

55

174

 


12

7 300

0.15

Not Permitted

9.5

36.5

116

287


 

13 000

.20

7

28.5

91

219.5


 

20 000

.25

6

24

76

186


 

26 000

.29

5.5

22

70

152


15

15 000

0.15

Not Permitted

12

39.5

94.5


 

25 000

.20

9.5

29

73


 

38 000

.25

8

24.5

62


 

50 000

.29

7

22.5

55
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.8.5. Lengths for other Vent Pipes (1) When sizing an additional circuit vent, offset relief vent, relief vent, yoke vent and the vent pipe for an interceptor, dilution tank, sanitary sewage tank or sump, or manhole, length is not taken into consideration. 7.5.9. Air Admittance Valves
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.9.1. Air Admittance Valve as a Vent Terminal (1) Individual vents may terminate with a connection to an air admittance valve as provided in Articles 7.5.9.2. and 7.5.9.3.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.9.2. Air Admittance Valves (1) Air admittance valves shall only be used to vent, (a) fixtures in buildings undergoing renovation, and (b) installations where connection to a vent may not be practical. (2) The air admittance valves shall be located, (a) above the flood level rim of the fixture it serves, (b) within the maximum developed length permitted for the vent, (c) not less than 150 mm above insulation materials, and (d) installed in a location not subject to back pressure. (3) Air admittance valves shall, (a) only vent fixtures located on the same storey, and (b) be connected to the horizontal fixture drain.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.5.9.3. Installation Conditions (1) Air admittance valves shall not be installed in supply or return air plenums, or in locations where they may be exposed to freezing temperatures. (2) Air admittance valves shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. (3) Air admittance valves shall be rated for the size of vent pipe to which they are connected. (4) Installed air admittance valves shall be, (a) accessible, and (b) located in a space that allows air to enter the valve. (5) Every drainage system shall have one vent that terminates to open air in conformance with Sentence 7.5.6.2.(1). Section 7.6. Potable Water Systems 7.6.1. Arrangement of Piping
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.1. Design, Fabrication and Installation (1) Potable water systems shall be designed, fabricated and installed in accordance with good engineering practice, such as that described in the ASHRAE Guide and Data Books, the ASHRAE Handbooks and ASPE Data Books. (2) Every fixture supplied with separate hot and cold water controls shall have the hot water control on the left and the cold on the right. (3) Where hot and cold water are mixed and the temperature is regulated by a single, unmarked, manual control, a movement to the left shall increase the temperature and a movement to the right shall decrease the temperature. (4) In a hot water distribution system of a developed length of more than 30 m or supplying more than 4 storeys, the water temperature shall be maintained by, (a) recirculation, or (b) a self-regulating heat tracing system.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.2. Drainage (1) A water distribution system shall be installed so that the system can be drained or blown out with air and outlets for this purpose shall be provided.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.3. Control and Shut-off Valves (1) A building control valve shall be provided, (a) on every water service pipe at the location where the water service pipe enters the building, or (b) on the water distribution system at a location immediately downstream of the point of entry treatment unit, where the building is served by a point of entry treatment unit located in the building. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), a drain port shall be provided on the water distribution system immediately downstream of the building control valve required by Sentence (1) and if there is a meter, the drain port shall be installed immediately downstream of the meter on the water distribution system. (3) Where the building control valve required by Sentence (1) is of one in. trade size or smaller, the drain port may be an integral part of the building control valve in the form of a stop and waste valve and the drain port shall be located on the water distribution system side of the stop and waste valve. (4) Every pipe that is supplied with water from a tank on the property that is a gravity water tank or a tank of a drinking water system shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank. (5) Where the water supply is to be metered, the installation of the meter, including the piping that is part of the meter installation and the valving arrangement for the meter installation, shall be according to the water purveyor's requirements. (6) For the purpose of identifying the pipe material where plastic (polybutylene, polyethylene or PVC) water pipe is used underground for a service pipe, the end of the pipe inside the building shall be brought above ground for a distance not less than 300 mm and not greater than 450 mm.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.4. Shut-off Valves (1) Except for a single-family dwelling, every riser shall be provided with a shut-off valve at the source of supply.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.5. Water Closets (1) Every water closet shall be provided with a shut-off valve on its water supply pipe.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.6. Suites (1) Shut-off valves shall be installed in every suite in a building of residential occupancy as may be necessary to ensure that when the supply to one suite is shut off the supply to the remainder of the building is not interrupted.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.7. Public Washrooms (1) The water supply to each fixture in a washroom for public use shall be individually valved and each valve shall be accessible.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.8. Tanks (1) Every water pipe that supplies a hot water tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.9. Protection for Exterior Water Supply (1) Every pipe that passes through an exterior wall to supply water to the exterior of the building shall be provided with, (a) a frost-proof hydrant with a separate shut-off valve located inside the building, or (b) a stop-and-waste cock located inside the building and close to the wall.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.10. Check Valves (1) A check valve shall be installed at the building end of the water service pipe where the pipe is made of plastic that is suitable for cold water use only.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.11. Flushing Devices (1) Every flushing device that serves a water closet or one or more urinals shall have sufficient capacity and be adjusted to deliver at each operation a volume of water that will thoroughly flush the fixture or fixtures that it serves. (2) Where a manually operated flushing device is installed it shall serve only one fixture.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.12. Relief Valves (1) Every pressure vessel that is part of a plumbing system or connected to a plumbing system shall be equipped with a pressure relief valve designed to open when the water pressure in the tank reaches the rated working pressure of the tank, and so located that the pressure in the tank shall not exceed 1100 kPa or ½ the maximum test pressure sustained by the tank whichever is the lesser. (2) Every hot water tank of a storage-type service water heater shall be equipped with a temperature relief valve with a temperature sensing element, (a) located within the top 150 mm of the tank, and (b) designed to open and discharge sufficient water from the tank to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions. (3) A pressure relief valve and temperature relief valve may be combined where Sentences (1) and (2) are complied with. (4) Every indirect service water heater shall be equipped with, (a) a pressure relief valve, and (b) a temperature relief valve on every storage tank that forms part of the system. (5) Every pipe that conveys water from a temperature relief, pressure relief, or a combined temperature and pressure relief valve shall, (a) be of a size at least equal to the size of the outlet of the valve, (b) be rigid, slope downward from the valve, and , (i) terminate with an indirect connection above a floor drain, sump or other safe location, with an air break of not more than 300 mm, or (ii) terminate at a distance not less than 150 mm and not more than 300 mm from a floor and discharges vertically down, (c) have no thread at its outlet, and (d) be capable of operating at a temperature of not less than 99°C. (6) The temperature relief valve required in Clause (4)(b) shall, (a) have a temperature sensing element located within the top 150 mm of the tank, and (b) be designed to open and discharge sufficient water to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions. (7) No shut-off valve shall be installed on the pipe between any tank and the relief valves or on the discharge lines from such relief valves.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.13. Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), a system for solar heating of potable water shall be installed in accordance with good engineering practice. (2) Packaged systems for solar heating of potable water in residential occupancies shall be installed in conformance with CAN/CSA-F383, “Installation of Packaged Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems”.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.14. Water Hammer (1) Provision shall be made to protect the water distribution system from the adverse effects of water hammer.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.15. Mobile Home Water Service (1) A water service pipe intended to serve a mobile home shall, (a) be not less than ¾ in. size, (b) be terminated above ground, and (c) be provided with, (i) a tamperproof terminal connection that is capable of being repeatedly connected, disconnected and sealed, (ii) a protective concrete pad, (iii) a means to protect it from frost heave, and (iv) a curb stop and a means of draining that part of the pipe located above the frost line when not in use.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.1.16. Thermal Expansion (1) Protection against thermal expansion shall be required when a check valve is required by Article 7.6.1.10., a backflow preventer is required by Article 7.6.2.2., or a pressure reducing valve is required by Article 7.6.3.3. 7.6.2. Protection from Contamination
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.2.1. Connection of Systems (1) Connections to potable water systems shall be designed and installed so that non-potable water or substances that may render the water non-potable cannot enter the system. (2) No connection shall be made between a potable water system supplied with water from a drinking water system and any other potable water system without the consent of the water purveyor.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.2.2. Back-Siphonage (1) Every potable water system that supplies a fixture or tank that is not subject to pressures above atmospheric shall be protected against back-siphonage by a backflow preventer. (2) Where a potable water supply is connected to a boiler, tank, cooling jacket, lawn sprinkler system or other device where a non-potable fluid may be under pressure that is above atmospheric or the water outlet may be submerged in the non-potable fluid, the water supply shall be protected against backflow by a backflow preventer. (3) Where a hose bibb is installed outside a building, inside a garage, or where there is an identifiable risk of contamination, the potable water system shall be protected against backflow by a backflow preventer.
Notes to Table 7.4.10.9.:
7.6.2.3. Reserved
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.5. Backflow from Buildings with a Solar Domestic Hot Water System (1) Except as permitted by Sentence (2) and as provided in Sentences (3) and (4), a potable water system shall be protected against backflow where the heat transfer loop of a solar domestic hot water system is directly connected to the potable water system. (2) Where the heat transfer loop of the solar domestic hot water system consists of direct flow-through of potable water only, protection against backflow is not required. (3) A potable water system that is directly connected to a solar domestic hot water system that serves a residential occupancy within the scope of Part 9, shall be provided with a backflow prevention device selected in accordance with CSA F379.1, “Packaged Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (Liquid-to-Liquid Heat Transfer) for All-Season Use”. (4) Where a solar domestic hot water system includes a single wall heat exchanger and contains only a relatively harmless heat transfer fluid as described in CSA F379.1, “Packaged Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems (Liquid-to-Liquid Heat Transfer) for All-Season Use”, the backflow prevention required in Sentence (1) is permitted to be a dual check valve backflow preventer conforming to CAN/CSA-B64.3, “Backflow Preventers, Dual Check Valve with Atmospheric Port Type (DCAP)”.
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.6. Reserved
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.7. Reserved
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.8. Cleaning of Systems (1) A newly installed part of a potable water system shall be cleaned and then flushed with potable water before the system is put into operation.
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.9. Air Gap (1) An air gap shall not be located in a noxious environment. (2) Every air gap shall be not less than 25 mm high and at least twice the diameter of the opening of the water supply outlet in height.
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.2.10. Vacuum Breakers and Flood Levels (1) Where the critical level is not marked on an atmospheric vacuum breaker or pressure vacuum breaker, the critical level shall be taken as the lowest point on the device. (2) Where an atmospheric vacuum breaker is installed, it shall be located on the downstream side of the fixture control valve or faucet so that it will be subject to water supply pressure, (a) only when the fixture control valve or faucet is open, and (b) for periods of use not to exceed 12 h continuous. (3) An atmospheric vacuum breaker shall be installed so that the critical level is at least the distance specified by the manufacturer at which the device will operate safely but not less than 25 mm above, (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or (b) the highest point open to atmosphere in an irrigation system. (4) A pressure vacuum breaker shall be installed with its critical level at least 300 mm above, (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or (b) the highest point open to atmosphere in an irrigation system. 7.6.3. Size and Capacity of Pipes
Notes to Table 7.6.2.4.:
7.6.3.1. Design (1) Except as permitted in Sentences (2) and (3), the size of every pipe in a water distribution system that supplies water to a fixture or device and the flow pressures at the supply openings shall be designed to provide peak demand flow in conformance to Table 7.6.3.1. (2) A tail piece or connector not more than 750 mm long and not less than ¼ in. inside diameter may be used to supply water to a fixture or device. (3) A water distribution system that serves not more than a single dwelling unit does not need to conform to Column 3 of Table 7.6.3.1. (4) No water system between the point of connection with the water service pipe or the water meter and the first branch that supplies a water heater, shall be less than ¾ in. size. (5) Every pipe that supplies a fixture shall have a capacity that will produce a flow in the fixture that will flush the fixture and keep it in a sanitary condition. Table 7.6.3.1.   Pipe Sizing for Water Supply to Fixture/Device Forming Part of Sentences 7.6.3.1.(1) and (3)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5


Fixture or Device

Minimum Size of Supply Pipe, in.

Minimum Flow Pressure(1) kPa (gauge)

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


 

 

 

Private Use

Public Use


Bathroom group

 

 

 

 


(a) with flush tank

NA

NA

6

-


(b) with direct flush valve

NA

NA

8

-


Bath tub (with or without shower)

½

50

2

4


Clothes washer

½

100

3

-


Cup Sink

½

50

-

4


Dishwasher, domestic

½

100

3

-


Drinking fountain

3/8

100

-

1


Hose bib or wall hydrant

½

100

(2)

(2)


Laundry tray: 1, 2 or 3 compartments

½

100

2

4


Lavatory

3/8

50

1

2


Shower, single head

½

50

2

4


Sink

 

 

 

 


(a) kitchen, domestic

½

50

2

-


(b) kitchen, commercial

½

50

-

4


(c) service, slop

½

50

-

3


(d) service with direct flush valve

¾

100

-

5


Urinal

 

 

 

 


(a) with flush tank

½

50

-

3


(b) with direct flush valve

¾

100

-

5


(c) with self closing metering valve

½

-

-

-


Water closet

 

 

 

 


(a) with flush tank

3/8

50

3

5


(b) with direct flush valve

1

100

6

10
Notes to Table 7.6.3.1.:
7.6.3.2. Hydraulic Load (1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), the hydraulic load of a fixture or device that is listed in Table 7.6.3.1. shall be the number of fixture units given in the Table. (2) Except as provided in Sentences (1) and (3), the hydraulic load of a fixture that is not listed in Table 7.6.3.1. is the number of fixture units listed in Table 7.6.3.2. (3) Where fixtures are supplied with both hot and cold water, the hydraulic loads for maximum separate demands shall be 75% of the hydraulic load of the fixture units given in Tables 7.6.3.1. and 7.6.3.2. when using a detailed engineering design method. Table 7.6.3.2.   Hydraulic Loads of Fixtures Not Listed in Table 7.6.3.1. Forming Part of Sentences 7.6.3.2.(2) and (3)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Size of Supply Pipe, in.

Hydraulic Load, fixture units


 

Private Use

Public Use


3/8

1

2


½

2

4


¾

3

6


1

6

10
Notes to Table 7.6.3.1.:
7.6.3.3. Static Pressure (1) Where the static pressure at any fixture may exceed 550 kPa, a pressure reducing valve conforming to Article 7.2.10.12. shall be installed to limit the maximum static pressure at the fixture to 550 kPa.
Notes to Table 7.6.3.1.:
7.6.3.4. Size (1) Every water service pipe shall be sized according to the peak demand flow but shall not be less than ¾ in. size. 7.6.4. Water Efficiency
Notes to Table 7.6.3.1.:
7.6.4.1. Water Supply Fittings (1) The flow rates of fittings that supply water to a fixture shall not exceed the maximum flow rates at the test pressures listed for that fitting in Table 7.6.4.1. Table 7.6.4.1.   Maximum Flow Rates for Water Supply Fittings Forming Part of Sentence 7.6.4.1.(1)  Column 1

Column 2

Column 3


Fitting

Maximum Flow, L/min

Test Pressure, kPa


Lavatory Faucet

8.35

413


Kitchen Faucet

8.35

413


Shower Heads

9.5

550 (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to a fixture located in a heritage building.
Notes to Table 7.6.3.1.:
7.6.4.2. Plumbing Fixtures (1) Water closets and urinals shall be certified to CAN/CSA-B45.0, “General Requirements for Plumbing Fixtures”. (2) The flush cycle for each fixture that is a water closet or urinal shall not exceed the maximum flush cycle listed for that fixture in Table 7.6.4.2. Table 7.6.4.2.   Maximum Flush Cycles for Sanitary Fixtures Forming Part of Sentence 7.6.4.2.(2)  Column 1

Column 2


Fixture

Litres


Water Closet (Tank Type)

6


Water Closet (Direct Flush)

6


Urinal (Tank Type)

3.8(1)


Urinal (Direct Flush)

3.8(1)
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.6.5.1. Maximum Temperature of Hot Water (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and 7.6.5.3.(1), the maximum temperature of hot water supplied by fittings to fixtures in a residential occupancy shall not exceed 49°C. (2) Sentence (1) does not apply to hot water supplied to installed dishwashers or clothes washers.
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.6.5.2. Showers (1) Except as provided for in Sentences (2) and (3), all valves supplying fixed location shower heads, shall be individually pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valves, conforming to ASME A112.18.1 / CAN/CSA-B125.1, “Plumbing Supply Fittings”. (2) An individually pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valve shall not be required for showers if a single temperature water supply for such showers is controlled by a master thermostatic-mixing valve conforming to CAN/CSA-B125.3, “Plumbing Fittings”. (3) Deck-mounted, hand-held, flexible-hose spray attachments are exempt from the thermal shock requirements of Sentence (1). (4) Pressure-balanced or thermostatic-mixing valves shall be, (a) designed so that the outlet temperature does not exceed 49°C, or (b) equipped with high-limit stops which shall be adjusted to a maximum hot water setting of 49°C.
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.6.5.3. Temperature Control Devices (1) A water distribution system supplying hot water to any bathtub, shower or hand basin that is accessible to a patient or resident in a Group B, Division 2 or 3 occupancy or a resident of a group home, home for special care or residence for developmentally-handicapped adults shall have one or more temperature gauges and control devices that are, (a) accessible only to supervisory staff, and (b) capable of being adjusted to ensure that the temperature of the water supplied to the fixtures does not exceed 49°C. Section 7.7. Non-Potable Water Systems 7.7.1. Connection
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.7.1.1. Non-Potable Connection (1) A non-potable water system shall not be connected to a potable water system. 7.7.2. Identification
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.7.2.1. Markings Required (1) Non-potable water piping shall be identified by markings that are permanent, distinct and easily recognized. 7.7.3. Location
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.7.3.1. Pipes (1) Non-potable water piping shall not be located, (a) where food is prepared in a food processing plant, (b) above food-handling equipment, (c) above a non-pressurized potable water tank, or (d) above a cover of a pressurized potable water tank.
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
7.7.3.2. Outlets (1) An outlet from a non-potable water system shall not be located where it can discharge into, (a) a sink or lavatory, (b) a fixture into which an outlet from a potable water system is discharged, or (c) a fixture that is used for a purpose related to the preparation, handling or dispensing of food, drink or products that are intended for human consumption. O. Reg. 350/06, Division B, Part 7; O. Reg. 137/07, ss. 36-39; O. Reg. 503/09, ss. 78-115. PART 8   SEWAGE SYSTEMS  Section

8.1.

General


 

8.1.1.

Scope


 

8.1.2.

Application


 

8.1.3.

Limitations


 

 

 


Section

8.2. 

Design Standards


 

8.2.1.

General Requirements


 

8.2.2.

Treatment and Holding Tanks


 

 

 


Section

8.3.

Class 1 Sewage Systems


 

8.3.1.

General Requirements


 

8.3.2.

Superstructure Requirements


 

8.3.3.

Earth Pit Privy


 

8.3.4.

Privy Vaults and Pail Privy


 

8.3.5.

Portable Privy


 

 

 


Section

8.4.

Class 2 Sewage Systems


 

8.4.1.

General Requirements


 

8.4.2.

Design and Construction Requirements


 

 

 


Section

8.5.

Class 3 Sewage Systems


 

8.5.1.

General Requirements


 

8.5.2.

Design and Construction Requirements


 

 

 


Section

8.6.

Class 4 Sewage Systems


 

8.6.1.

General Requirements


 

8.6.2.

Treatment Units


 

 

 


Section

8.7.

Leaching Beds


 

8.7.1.

General Requirements


 

8.7.2.

Construction Requirements


 

8.7.3.

Absorption Trench Construction


 

8.7.4.

Fill Based Absorption Trenches


 

8.7.5.

Filter Beds


 

8.7.6.

Shallow Buried Trenches


 

 

 


Section

8.8.

Class 5 Sewage Systems


 

8.8.1.

Application


 

8.8.2.

General Requirements


 

 

 


Section

8.9.

Operation and Maintenance


 

8.9.1.

General


 

8.9.2.

Operation


 

8.9.3.

Maintenance Section 8.1. General 8.1.1. Scope
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
8.1.1.1. Scope (1) The scope of this Part shall be as described in Subsection 1.1.2. of Division A and applies to the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of sewage systems.
Notes to Table 7.6.4.2.:
8.1.1.2. Definitions (1) In this Part, Soil means in-situ, naturally occurring, unconsolidated mineral or organic material, at the earth's surface that is at least 100 mm thick and capable of supporting plant growth, and includes material compacted or cemented by soil forming processes, but does not include displaced materials such as gravel dumps, mine spoils, or like deposits. 8.1.2. Application