jswizzle3737/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.1.1. General (1) Subject to the application limitations defined elsewhere in this Part, structural members and their connections shall, (a) conform to requirements provided elsewhere in this Part, (b) be designed according to good engineering practice such as provided in the CWC, “Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction”, or (c) be designed according to Part 4 using the loads and deflection and vibration limits specified in, (i) this Part, or (ii) Part 4. (2) Where floor framing is designed in accordance with Clause (1)(b) or (c) and where supporting wall framing and fastenings, or footings, are designed according to Clause (1)(a), the specified live load on the floor according to Table 4.1.5.3. shall not exceed 2.4 kPa. (3) Location-specific information for structural design, including snow and wind loads and seismic spectral response accelerations, shall be determined according to MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-1, “Climatic and Seismic Data”. 9.4.2. Specified Loads
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.2.1. Application (1) This Subsection applies to light-frame construction whose wall, floor and roof planes are generally comprised of frames of small repetitive structural members, and where, (a) the roof and wall planes are clad, sheathed or braced on at least one side, (b) the small repetitive structural members are spaced not more than 610 mm o.c., (c) the clear span of any structural member does not exceed 12.20 m, (d) the maximum deflection of the structural roof members conforms to Article 9.4.3.1., (e) the maximum total roof area, notwithstanding any separation of adjoining buildings by
firewalls, is 4 550 m2, and (f) for flat roofs, there are no significant obstructions on the roof, such as parapet walls, spaced closer than the distance calculated by,  where, Do  = minimum distance between obstructions, m, Ho  = height of the obstruction above the roof, m, Ss  = ground snow load, kPa, and = unit weight of snow, kN/m3.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.2.2. Specified Snow Loads (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), specified snow loads shall be not less than those calculated using the following formula: S = Cb ∙ Ss
+ Sr where, S = specified snow load, Cb = basic snow load roof factor, which is 0.45 where the entire width of a roof does not exceed 4.3 m and 0.55 for all other roofs, Ss = 1-in-50 year ground snow load in kPa, determined according to MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-1, “Climatic and Seismic Data”, and Sr = associated 1-in-50 year rain load in kPa, determined according to MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-1, “Climatic and Seismic Data”. (2) In no case shall the specified snow load be less than 1 kPa. (3) Bow string, arch or semi-circular roof trusses having an unsupported span greater than 6 m shall be designed in conformance with the snow load requirements in Subsection 4.1.6.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.2.3. Platforms Subject to Snow and Occupancy Loads (1) Balconies, decks and other accessible exterior platforms intended for an occupancy and subject to snow loads shall be designed to carry the specified roof snow load or 1.9 kPa, whichever is greater, where the platform, or each segregated area of the platform, serves a house or an individual dwelling unit.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.2.4. Attics and Roof Spaces (1) Ceiling joists or truss bottom chords in residential attic or roof spaces having limited accessibility that precludes the storage of equipment or material shall be designed for a total specified load of not less than 0.35 kPa, where the total specified load is the sum of the specified dead load plus the specified live load of the ceiling. 9.4.3. Deflections
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.3.1. Deflections (1) The maximum deflection of structural members shall conform to Table 9.4.3.1. (2) Dead loads need not be considered in computing deflections referred to in Sentence (1). Table 9.4.3.1.   Maximum Deflections Forming Part of Sentence 9.4.3.1.(1) Item   Column 1 Structural Members   Column 2 Type of Ceiling Supported   Column 3 Max. Allowable Deflection as an Expressed Ratio of the Clear Span 

  1.   Roof rafters, roof joists and roof beams    No ceiling   1/180 

          Other than plaster or gypsum board   1/240 

          Plaster or gypsum board   1/360 

  2.   Ceiling joists   Other than plaster or gypsum board   1/240 

          Plaster or gypsum board   1/360 

  3.   Floor beams, floor joists and floor decking   All cases   1/360 

  4.   Beams, joists and decking for balconies, decks and other accessible exterior platforms   Serving a house or an individual dwelling unit   1/240 

      Other   1/360 9.4.4. Foundation Conditions
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.1. Allowable Bearing Pressures (1) Footing sizes for shallow foundations shall be, (a) determined in accordance with Section 9.15., or (b) designed in accordance with Section 4.2. using, (i) the maximum allowable bearing pressures in Table 9.4.4.1., or (ii)  allowable bearing pressures determined from subsurface investigation. Table 9.4.4.1.   Allowable Bearing Pressure for Soil or Rock Forming Part of Sentence 9.4.4.1.(1) Item   Column 1 Type and Condition of Soil or Rock   Column 2 Maximum Allowable Bearing Pressure, kPa 

  1.   Dense or compact sand or gravel   150 

  2.   Loose sand or gravel   50 

  3.   Dense or compact silt   100 

  4.   Stiff clay   150 

  5.   Firm clay   75 

  6.   Soft clay   40 

  7.   Till   200 

  8.   Clay shale   300 

  9.   Sound rock   500 (2) The design procedures described in Section 4.2. are permitted to be used in lieu of the design procedures in this Subsection. (3) The design procedures described in Section 4.2. shall be used where, (a)  deep foundations
are used, (b) the footing size falls outside the scope of this Section, or (c) the foundation
is constructed on peat, filled ground or on sensitive clays as described in Article 9.15.1.1.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.2. Foundation Capacity in Weaker Soil and Rock (1) Where a soil or rock
within a distance equal to twice the footing width below the bearing surface has a lower allowable bearing pressure than that at the bearing surface
as shown in Article 9.4.4.1., the design capacity of the foundation
shall not be greater than would cause the weakest soil
or rock to be stressed beyond its allowable bearing pressure. (2) In calculating subsurface pressures referred to in Sentence (1), the loads from the footings shall be assumed to be distributed uniformly over a horizontal plane within a frustum extending downward from the footing at an angle of 60° to the horizontal.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.3. High Water Table (1) Where a foundation bears on gravel, sand or silt, and the water table is within a distance below the bearing surface equal to the width of the foundation, the allowable bearing pressure shall be 50% of that determined in Article 9.4.4.1.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.4. Soil Movement (1) Where a foundation is located in an area where soil movement caused by changes in soil
moisture content, freezing, or chemical-microbiological oxidation is known to occur to the extent that it will damage a building, measures shall be taken to preclude such movement or to reduce the effects on the building so that the building’s
stability and the performance of assemblies will not be adversely affected.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.5. Reserved
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.4.4.6. Walls Supporting Drained Earth (1) Except where constructed in accordance with Section 9.15., walls supporting drained earth shall be designed, (a) for a pressure equivalent to that exerted by a fluid with a density of not less than 480 kg/m3 and a depth equal to that of the retained earth, or (b) in accordance with Section 4.2. so as to be able to resist the loads and effects described in Article 4.1.2.1. (2) Walls supporting other than drained earth shall be designed, (a) for the pressure described in Clause (1)(a) plus the fluid pressure of the surcharge, or (b) in accordance with Section 4.2. so as to be able to resist the loads and effects described in Article 4.1.2.1. Section 9.5. Design of Areas, Spaces and Doorways 9.5.1. General
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.1.1. Application (1) Except as otherwise specified in this Part, this Section applies only to dwelling units that are intended for use on a continuing or year-round basis as the principal residence of the occupant.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.1.2. Method of Measurement (1) Except as otherwise specified in this Part, the areas, dimensions and heights of rooms or spaces shall be measured between finished wall surfaces and between finished floor and ceiling surfaces.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.1.3. Floor Areas (1) Minimum floor areas specified in this Section do not include closets or built-in bedroom cabinets unless otherwise indicated.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.1.4. Combination Rooms (1) Two or more areas may be considered as a combination room if the opening between the areas occupies the larger of 3 m2 or 40% or more of the wall measured on the side of the dependent area. (2) Where the dependent area is a bedroom, direct passage shall be provided between the two areas. (3) The opening required in Sentence (1) shall not contain doors or windows.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.1.5. Lesser Areas and Dimensions (1) Areas of rooms and spaces are permitted to be less than required in this Section provided it can be shown that the rooms and spaces are adequate for their intended use, such as by the provision of built-in furniture to compensate for reduced sizes. 9.5.2. Barrier-Free Design
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.2.1. General (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Article 3.8.1.1., every building shall be designed in conformance with Section 3.8. (2) The requirements of Section 3.8. need not be provided for houses, triplexes and boarding or rooming houses with fewer than eight boarders or roomers.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.2.2. Protection on Floor Areas with a Barrier-Free Path of Travel (1) Where a barrier-free path of travel required in Article 9.5.2.1. is provided to any storey
above the first storey, the requirements in Article 3.3.1.7. shall apply.
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.2.3. Stud Wall Reinforcement (1) If wood wall studs or sheet steel wall studs enclose the main bathroom in a dwelling unit, reinforcement shall be installed to permit the future installation of the following: (a) for a water closet, a grab bar described in Clauses 3.8.3.8.(3)(a) and a grab bar described in Clause 3.8.3.8.(3)(c), (b) for a shower, a grab bar described in Clause 3.8.3.13.(2)(g), and (c) for a bathtub, a grab bar described in Clause 3.8.3.13.(4)(e). 9.5.3. Ceiling Heights
Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
9.5.3.1. Ceiling Heights of Rooms or Spaces (1) The ceiling heights of rooms or spaces in residential occupancies and live/work units shall conform to Table 9.5.3.1. (2) Areas in rooms or spaces over which ceiling height is not less than the minimum specified in Table 9.5.3.1. shall be contiguous with the entry or entries to those rooms or spaces. Table 9.5.3.1.   Room Ceiling Heights Forming Part of Sentences 9.5.3.1.(1) and (2) Item   Column 1 Room or Space   Column 2 Minimum Heights(1) 

  1.   Living room or space, dining room or space, kitchen or kitchen space   2 300 mm over at least 75% of the required floor area with a clear height of 2 100 mm at any point over the required area 

  2.   Bedroom or bedroom space   2 300 mm over at least 50% of the required area or 2 100 mm over all of the required floor area.  Any part of the floor having a clear height of less than 1 400 mm shall not be considered in computing the required floor area 

  3.   Basement space   2 100 mm over at least 75% of the basement area except that under beams and ducts the clearance is permitted to be reduced to 1 950 mm 

  4.   Bathroom, water closet room or laundry area above grade   2 100 mm in any area where a person would normally be in a standing position 

  5.   Passage, hall or main entrance vestibule and finished rooms not specifically mentioned above   2 100 mm
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.3.2. Mezzanines (1) The ceiling height above and below a mezzanine
floor assembly in all occupancies shall be not less than 2 100 mm.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.3.3. Storage Garages (1) The clear height in a storage garage
shall be not less than 2 000 mm. 9.5.4. Living Rooms or Spaces within Dwelling Units
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.4.1. Areas of Living Rooms and Spaces (1) Living areas within dwelling units, either as separate rooms or in combination with other spaces, shall have an area not less than 13.5 m². (2) Where the area of a living space is combined with a kitchen and dining area, the living area alone in a dwelling unit that contains sleeping accommodation for not more than two persons shall be not less than 11 m². 9.5.5. Dining Rooms or Spaces within Dwelling Units
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.5.1. Area of Dining Rooms or Spaces (1) A dining space in combination with other space shall have an area of not less than 3.25 m². (2) Dining rooms not combined with other space shall have a minimum area of 7 m². 9.5.6. Kitchens within Dwelling Units
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.6.1. Kitchen Areas (1) Kitchen areas within dwelling units
either separate from or in combination with other spaces, shall have an area of not less than 4.2 m² including the area occupied by the base cabinets, except that in dwelling units containing sleeping accommodation for not more than two persons, the minimum area shall be 3.7 m². 9.5.7. Bedrooms or Spaces in Dwelling Units and Dormitories
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.1. Areas of Bedrooms (1) Except as provided in Articles 9.5.7.2. and 9.5.7.3., bedrooms in dwelling units shall have an area not less than 7 m² where built-in cabinets are not provided and not less than 6 m² where built-in cabinets are provided.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.2. Areas of Master Bedrooms (1) Except as provided in Article 9.5.7.3., at least one bedroom in every dwelling unit shall have an area of not less than 9.8 m² where built-in cabinets are not provided and not less than 8.8 m² where built-in cabinets are provided.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.3. Areas of Combination Bedrooms (1) Bedroom spaces in combination with other spaces in dwelling units shall have an area not less than 4.2 m².
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.4. Areas of Other Sleeping Rooms (1) Sleeping rooms other than in dwelling units
shall have an area not less than 7 m² per person for single occupancy and 4.6 m² per person for multiple occupancy.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.5. Recreational Camps (1) Recreational camps shall have an area in the sleeping quarters of at least 3.72 m² per camper or, if double or triple tier bunk units are used, 2.79 m² per camper.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.7.6. Camps for Housing Workers (1) A
camp for housing of workers shall have a minimum area of 3.72 m² per employee in every room used for sleeping purposes. 9.5.8. Combined Spaces
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.8.1. Combined Living, Dining, Bedroom and Kitchen Spaces (1) Despite Subsections 9.5.4. to 9.5.7., where living, dining, bedroom and kitchen spaces are combined in a dwelling unit that contains sleeping accommodation for not more than two persons, the area of the combined spaces shall be not less than 13.5 m2. 9.5.9. Bathrooms and Water Closet Rooms
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.9.1. Space to Accommodate Fixtures (1) In every dwelling unit an enclosed space of sufficient size shall be provided to accommodate a water closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower stall.
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.9.2. Doors to Rooms Containing Water Closets (1) A door shall be provided to each room containing a water closet within a dwelling unit. 9.5.10. Hallways
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.10.1. Hallway Width (1) The unobstructed width of a hallway within a dwelling unit
shall be not less than 860 mm, except that the hallway width is permitted to be 710 mm, where, (a) there are only bedrooms and bathrooms at the end of the hallway furthest from the living area, and (b) a second exit
is provided, (i) in the hallway near the end furthest from the living area, or (ii) in each bedroom served by the hallway. 9.5.11. Doorway Sizes
Notes to Table 9.5.3.1.:
9.5.11.1. Doorway Opening Sizes (1) Except as provided in Articles 9.5.11.3., 9.9.6.2. and 9.9.6.3., doorway openings within dwelling units shall be designed to accommodate at least the door sizes in Table 9.5.11.1. for swing-type doors or folding doors. Table 9.5.11.1.   Minimum Door Sizes Forming Part of Sentence 9.5.11.1.(1) Item   Column 1 At Entrance to:   Column 2 Minimum Width, mm   Column 3 Minimum Height, mm 

  1.   Dwelling unit (required entrance)    810   1 980 

      Vestibule or entrance hall         

  2.   Stairs to a floor level that contains a finished space   810   1 980 

      All doors in at least one line of passage from the exterior to the basement         

      Utility rooms         

  3.   Walk-in closet   610   1 980 

  4.   Bathroom, water closet room, shower room(1)   610   1 980 

  5.   Rooms located off hallways that are permitted to be 710 mm wide   610   1 980 

  6.   Rooms not mentioned above, exterior balconies   760   1 980
Notes to Table 9.5.11.1.:
9.5.11.2. Doors to Public Water Closet Rooms (1) Doors to public water closet rooms shall be not less than 810 mm wide and 2 030 mm high.
Notes to Table 9.5.11.1.:
9.5.11.3. Doors to Bathrooms (1) Where a barrier-free path of travel conforming to Section 3.8. is provided into a suite of residential occupancy and where a bathroom within the suite is at the level of the suite
entrance door, the doorway to such bathroom and to each bedroom at the same level as such bathroom shall have, when the door is in the open position, a clear width of not less than, (a) 760 mm where the door is served by a corridor or space not less than 1 060 mm wide, and (b) 810 mm where the door is served by a corridor or space less than 1 060 mm wide. Section 9.6. Glass 9.6.1. General
Notes to Table 9.5.11.1.:
9.6.1.1. Application (1) This Section applies to, (a) glass in, (i) interior windows and interior doors and their sidelights, (ii) clothes closets, (iii) site-built exterior windows, doors and skylights, (iv) shower or bathtub enclosures, (v) glazed panels and partitions, and (b) the protection of glass.
Notes to Table 9.5.11.1.:
9.6.1.2. Material Standards for Glass (1) Glass shall conform to, (a) CAN/CGSB-12.1-M, “Tempered or Laminated Safety Glass,” (b) CAN/CGSB-12.2-M, “Flat, Clear Sheet Glass”, (c) CAN/CGSB-12.3-M, “Flat, Clear Float Glass”, (d) CAN/CGSB-12.4-M, “Heat Absorbing Glass,” (e) CAN/CGSB-12.8, “Insulating Glass Units”, (f) CAN/CGSB-12.10-M, “Glass, Light and Heat Reflecting”, (g) CAN/CGSB-12.11-M, “Wired Safety Glass”, or (h) ASTM E2190, “Insulating Glass Unit Performance and Evaluation”. (2) Mirrored glass doors are permitted to be used only at the entrance to clothes closets and shall conform to the requirements of CAN/CGSB-82.6-M, “Doors, Mirrored Glass, Sliding or Folding, Wardrobe”. (3) Mirrored glass doors reinforced with a film backing shall meet the impact resistance requirements specified in CAN/CGSB-12.5-M, “Mirrors, Silvered”.
Notes to Table 9.5.11.1.:
9.6.1.3. Structural Sufficiency of Glass (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), glass shall be designed in conformance with Article 4.3.6.1. (2) Where the building has an essentially uniform distribution of paths for air leakage, including operable openings, but no large openings that would permit wind gusts to rapidly enter the building and the building
is not in an exceptionally exposed location such as a hilltop, the maximum area of individual panes of glass for windows is permitted to conform to, (a) Tables 9.6.1.3.A. to 9.6.1.3.C., where the building has a height from grade to the uppermost roof of 12 m or less and is located in a built-up area, no less than 120 m away from the boundary between this area and open terrain, or (b) Tables 9.6.1.3.D. to 9.6.1.3.F. (3) The maximum area of individual panes of glass for doors shall conform to Table 9.6.1.3.G. Table 9.6.1.3.A.   Maximum Glass Area for Areas for which the 1-in-50 Hourly Wind Pressure (HWP) is less than 0.55 kPa(1) Forming Part of Clause 9.6.1.3.(2)(a) Item   Column 1 Glass Thickness, mm   Column 2 Maximum Glass Area, m2, for Annealed Glass   Column 3 Maximum Glass Area, m2, for Factory-Sealed Insulated Glass (IG) Units(2)    Column 4 Maximum Glass Area, m2, for Heat-Strengthened or Tempered Glass   Column 5 Maximum Glass Area, m2, for Wired Glass 

  1.   2.5   0.58   1.02   1.24   0.27 

  2.   3   0.96   1.71   1.93   0.45 

  3.   4   1.47   2.68   2.60   0.68 

  4.   5   2.04   3.74   3.18   0.93 

  5.   6   2.84   5.24   3.99   1.31 

  6.   8   4.74   7.93   5.55   2.15 

  7.   10   6.65   9.92   6.99   3.07 

  8.   12   9.74   13.92   9.74   5.03
Notes to Table 9.6.1.3.G.:
9.6.1.4. Types of Glass and Protection of Glass (1) Glass sidelights greater than 500 mm wide that could be mistaken for doors, glass in storm doors and glass in sliding doors within or at every entrance to a house or an individual dwelling unit
and in public areas shall be, (a) safety glass of the tempered or laminated type conforming to CAN/CGSB-12.1-M, “Tempered or Laminated Safety Glass”, or (b) wired glass conforming to CAN/CGSB-12.11-M, “Wired Safety Glass”. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (4), glass in entrance doors to houses
or individual dwelling units and in public areas, other than the entrance doors described in Sentence (1), shall be safety glass or wired glass of the type described in Sentence (1) where the glass area exceeds 0.5 m2 and extends to less than 900 mm from the bottom of the door. (3) Except as provided in Sentence (4), transparent panels that could be mistaken as a means of egress shall be protected by barriers or railings. (4) Sliding glass partitions that separate a public corridor from an adjacent occupancy
and that are open during normal working hours need not conform to Sentences (2), (3) and (5), except that such partitions shall be suitably marked to indicate their existence and position. (5) Except as provided in Sentence (4), every glass or transparent door accessible to the public shall be equipped with hardware, bars or other permanent fixtures designed so that the existence and position of such doors is readily apparent. (6) Glass, other than safety glass, shall not be used for a shower or bathtub enclosure. Section 9.7. Windows, Doors and Skylights 9.7.1. General
Notes to Table 9.6.1.3.G.:
9.7.1.1. Application (1) This Section applies to, (a) windows, doors and skylights separating
conditioned space from unconditioned space or the exterior, and (b) main entrance doors. (2) For the purpose of this Section, the term “skylight” refers to unit skylights, roof windows and tubular daylighting devices. (3) For the purpose of this Section, the term “doors” includes glazing in doors and sidelights for doors. 9.7.2. Required Windows, Doors and Skylights
Notes to Table 9.6.1.3.G.:
9.7.2.1. Entrance Doors (1) A door shall be provided at each entrance to a dwelling unit. (2) Main entrance doors to dwelling units
shall be provided with, (a) a door viewer or transparent glazing in the door, or (b) a sidelight.
Notes to Table 9.6.1.3.G.:
9.7.2.2. Other Requirements for Windows, Doors and Skylights (1) Minimum sizes of doorways and doors within a barrier-free path of travel shall conform to Section 9.5. (2) The protection of window and door openings against persons falling through the window or door opening shall conform to Article 9.8.8.1. (3) Properties of windows and doors within exits shall conform to Section 9.9. (4) Windows and doors installed to provide the required means of egress
from bedrooms shall conform to Subsection 9.9.10. (5) The location and protection of windows, doors and skylights in order to control the spread of fire shall conform to Subsection 9.10.12. (6) Doors between dwelling units and attached garages shall conform to Article 9.10.13.15. (7) The surface flame-spread rating for doors and skylights shall conform to Article 9.10.17.1. (8) Windows and doors installed to provide the required access to a building
for firefighting purposes shall conform to Subsection 9.10.20. (9) Windows and skylights installed to provide required non-heating season ventilation shall conform to Article 9.32.2.1.
Notes to Table 9.6.1.3.G.:
9.7.2.3. Minimum Window Areas (1) Except as required in Article 9.9.10.1. and Sentence (3), the minimum window glass area for rooms in buildings of
residential occupancy or rooms that are used for sleeping shall conform to Table 9.7.2.3. Table 9.7.2.3.   Glass Areas for Rooms of Residential Occupancy Forming Part of Sentence 9.7.2.3.(1) Item   Column 1 Location   Column 2 Minimum Unobstructed Glass Area With No Electric Lighting   Column 3 Minimum Unobstructed Glass Area With Electric Lighting 

  1.   Laundry, basement recreation room, unfinished basement   4% of area served   Windows not required 

  2.   Water closet room   0.37 m²   Windows not required 

  3.   Kitchen,    10% of area served   Windows not required 

      kitchen space,         

      kitchen alcove         

  4.   Living rooms and dining rooms   10% of area served   10% of area served 

  5.   Bedrooms and other finished rooms not mentioned above   5% of area served(1)   5% of area served(1)
Notes to Table 9.7.2.3.:
9.7.3.1. General Performance Criteria (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) to (4), windows, doors and skylights and their components separating conditioned space from unconditioned space or the exterior shall be designed, constructed and installed so that, when in the closed position, they, (a) resist the ingress of precipitation into interior space, (b) resist wind loads, (c) control air leakage, (d) resist the ingress of insects and vermin, (e) where required, resist forced entry, and (f) are easily operable, unless they are fixed units. (2) Skylights and their components shall be designed, constructed and installed so that, when in the closed position, they resist snow loads. (3) Main entrance doors and their components shall be designed, constructed and installed so that, when in the closed position, they, (a) control air leakage, (b) resist the ingress of insects and vermin, (c) resist forced entry, and (d) are easily operable. (4) Storm doors, sliding doors and their components shall be designed, constructed and installed so that, when in the closed position, they, (a) resist wind loads, (b) control air leakage to a minimum allowable 5 m3h/m and a maximum allowable 8.35 m3h/m, (c) resist the ingress of insects and vermin, and (d) are easily operable. (5) Compliance with the performance requirements described in Sentences (1) to (4) shall be demonstrated by, (a) compliance with the requirements in, (i) Subsection 9.7.4. or 9.7.5., and (ii) Subsection 9.7.6., or (b) design and construction conforming to Part 5.
Notes to Table 9.7.2.3.:
9.7.3.2. Heat Transfer Performance (1) Windows, doors and skylights described in Clause 9.7.1.1.(1)(a) and their components shall be designed, constructed and installed to, (a) minimize surface condensation on the warm side of the component, and (b) ensure comfortable conditions for the occupants. (2) Compliance with the heat transfer performance requirements described in Sentence (1) shall be demonstrated by, (a) compliance with the requirements in Article 9.7.3.3., or (b) design and construction conforming to Part 5.
Notes to Table 9.7.2.3.:
9.7.3.3. Thermal Characteristics of Windows, Doors and Skylights (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), metal frames and sash of windows, doors and skylights shall incorporate a thermal break. (2) Windows and doors described in Sentence (1) do not require a thermal break where they are installed as, (a) vehicular access doors, (b) storm windows and doors, or (c) windows and doors that are required to have a fire-resistance rating. (3) Windows, doors and skylights, with or without storm doors or sash, that are installed in
buildings where the intended use of the interior space will not result in high moisture generation shall have a maximum thermal transmittance (U-value) or minimum temperature index (I) in accordance with Table 9.7.3.3. (4) Windows, doors and skylights, with or without storm doors or sash, that are installed in portions of buildings where the intended use of the interior space will result in high moisture generation shall be designed in conformance with Subsection 5.3. Table 9.7.3.3.   Maximum U-value or Minimum Temperature Index (I) for Windows, Doors and Skylights (1) (2) (3) Forming Part of Sentence 9.7.3.3.(3) Item   Column 1   Column 2   Column 3   Column 4   Column 5 

      Component   2.5% January Design Temperature         

          Between -15°C and -30°C       Colder than -30°C     

          max. U-value, W/m2K   min. I   max. U-value, W/m2K   min. I 

  1.   Windows and Doors   2.0   68   1.7   77 

  2.   Skylights   3.0   (2)   2.7   (2)
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.4.1. Application (1) This Subsection applies to windows, doors and skylights that are within the scope of AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights”.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.4.2. General (1) Manufactured and pre-assembled windows, doors and skylights and their installation shall conform to, (a) AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights”, (b) CSA A440S1, “Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-11, NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights”, (c) this Subsection, and (d) the applicable requirements in Subsection 9.7.6.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.4.3. Performance Requirements (1) Performance grades for windows, doors and skylights shall be selected according to CSA A440S1, “Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-11, NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights” so as to be appropriate for the conditions and geographic location in which the window, door or skylight will be installed. (2) Windows, doors and skylights shall conform to the performance grades selected under Sentence (1) when tested in accordance with AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights”. (3) The minimum level of performance required for windows, doors and skylights shall be that of the Performance Class R. (4) Exterior wood doors shall conform to CAN/CSA-O132.2 Series, “Wood Flush Doors” and shall have legibly indicated on them, (a) the name of the manufacturer, (b) the standard to which they were produced, and (c) that they are of an exterior type. 9.7.5. Site-Built Windows, Doors and Skylights
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.5.1. Application and Compliance (1) Materials, design, construction and installation of windows, doors and skylights that separate conditioned space from unconditioned space or the exterior but that are not within the scope of AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights” shall, (a) conform to, (i) this Subsection or Subsection 9.7.4., and (ii) the applicable requirements in Subsection 9.7.6., or (b) conform to Part 5. (2) Glass for site-built windows, doors, sidelights for doors, and skylights shall comply with Section 9.6.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.5.2. Resistance to Forced Entry for Doors (1) Except for exterior doors to garages and to other ancillary spaces, this Article applies to, (a) swinging entrance doors to dwelling units, (b) swinging doors between dwelling units and attached garages or other ancillary spaces, and (c) swinging doors that provide access directly or indirectly from a storage garage
to a dwelling unit. (2) Doors, frames and hardware that conform to a security level of at least Grade 10 as described in the Annex to ASTM F476, “Security of Swinging Door Assemblies”, are not required to conform to Sentences (3) to (7). (3) Except as provided in Sentence (2), wood doors described in Sentence (1) shall, (a) be solid core or stile-and-rail type, (b) be not less than 45 mm thick, and (c) if of the stile-and-rail panel type, have a panel thickness of not less than 19 mm, with a total panel area not more than half of the door area. (4) Except as provided in Sentence (2), doors described in Sentence (1) shall be provided with, (a) a deadbolt lock with a cylinder having no fewer than five pins, and (b) a bolt throw not less than 25 mm long, protected with a solid or hardened free-turning ring or bevelled cylinder housing. (5) Except as provided in Sentence (2), an inactive leaf in double doors used in locations specified in Sentence (1) shall be provided with heavy-duty bolts top and bottom having an engagement of not less than 15 mm. (6) Except as provided in Sentence (2), hinges for doors described in Sentence (1) shall be fastened, (a) to wood doors with wood screws not less than 25 mm long and to wood frames with wood screws such that at least two screws per hinge penetrate not less than 30 mm into solid wood, or (b) to metal doors and metal frames with machine screws not smaller than No. 10 and not less than 10 mm long. (7) Except as provided in Sentence (2), strikeplates for deadbolts described in Sentence (4) shall be fastened, (a) to wood frames with wood screws that penetrate not less than 30 mm into solid wood, or (b) to metal frames with machine screws not smaller than No. 8 and not less than 10 mm long. (8) Except for storm doors or screen doors, doors described in Sentence (1) that swing outward shall be provided with hinges or pins so that the doors cannot be removed when they are in the closed position. (9) Solid blocking shall be provided on both sides at the lock height between the jambs for doors described in Sentence (1) and the structural framing so that the jambs will resist spreading by force.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.5.3. Resistance to Forced Entry for Windows (1) In
dwelling units, windows, any part of which is located within 2 m of adjacent ground level, shall conform to the requirements for resistance to forced entry as described in Clause 5.3.5 of AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “NAFS - North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for Windows, Doors, and Skylights”. 9.7.6. Installation
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.6.1. Installation of Windows, Doors and Skylights (1) The installation of windows, doors and skylights shall conform to CAN/CSA-A440.4, “Window, Door, and Skylight Installation”, except that, (a) shims used to support windows, doors and skylights are permitted to be of treated plywood, and (b) protection from precipitation for walls incorporating windows or doors and for roofs incorporating skylights, and the interfaces of these walls with windows or doors and of roofs with skylights, shall conform to Section 9.27. (2) The installation of manufactured and pre-assembled windows, doors and skylights and the field assembly of manufactured window and door combination units shall conform to the manufacturer’s instructions. (3) Windows, doors and skylights shall be sealed to air barriers and vapour barriers.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.7.6.2. Sealants, Trim and Flashing (1) The sealing compound used to seal the glass component of an insulating glazing unit to the sash component shall be compatible with the sealing compound used to edge seal the glass component. (2) Flashing used to protect openings shall conform to Articles 9.27.3.7. and 9.27.3.8. (3) Sealants shall be applied between window frames or trim and the exterior cladding or masonry in conformance with Subsection 9.27.4. (4) All unfinished portions of the frame and other components of aluminum windows, doors or skylights in contact with the edges of masonry, concrete, stucco or plaster shall be protected with an alkali-resistant coating. Section 9.8. Stairs, Steps, Ramps, Landings, Handrails and Guards 9.8.1. Application
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.1.1. General (1) This Section applies to the design and construction of interior and exterior stairs, steps, ramps, landings, handrails and guards.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.1.2. Stairs, Ramps, Landings, Handrails and Guards in Garages (1) Except as provided in Sentence 9.8.6.2. (3), stairs, ramps, landings, handrails and guards in a garage that serves a house or an individual dwelling unit
shall conform to the requirements for stairs, ramps, landings, handrails and guards within a dwelling unit.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.1.3. Exit Stairs, Ramps and Landings (1) Where a stair, ramp or landing forms part of an exit, the appropriate requirements in Sections 9.9. and 9.10. shall also apply.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.1.4. Escalators and Moving Walks (1) Escalators and moving walks shall conform to the appropriate requirements in Part 3. 9.8.2. Stair Dimensions
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.2.1. Stair Width (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Article 9.8.4.5A., required exit stairs and public stairs serving buildings of residential occupancy
shall have a width, measured between wall faces or guards, of not less than 900 mm. (2) Required
exit stairs serving a house
or an individual dwelling unit shall have a width of not less than 860 mm. (3) Except as provided in Article 9.8.4.5A., required exit stairs and public stairs serving buildings of other than residential occupancy shall have a width of not less than the greater of, (a) 900 mm, or (b) 8 mm per person based on the occupant load limits specified in Table 3.1.17.1. (4) Except as provided in Article 9.8.4.5A., at least one stair between each floor level within a dwelling unit and exterior stairs serving a house or an individual dwelling unit
shall have a width of not less than 860 mm.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.2.2. Height over Stairs (1) The clear height over stairs shall be measured vertically, over the clear width of the stair, from a straight line tangent to the tread and landing nosings to the lowest point above. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3) and Article 9.8.4.5A., the clear height over stairs shall not be less than 2 050 mm. (3) Except as provided in Article 9.8.4.5A., the clear height over stairs serving a house or an individual dwelling unit shall not be less than 1 950 mm. 9.8.3. Stair Configurations
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.3.1. Straight and Curved Runs in Stairs (1) Except as permitted in Sentence (2), stairs shall consist of, (a) straight flights, (b) curved flights, or (c) spiral stairs. (2) Stairs within houses and individual dwelling units may consist of, (a)  flights
with rectangular treads and winders provided winders as described in Article 9.8.4.5. are installed between floor levels, or (b)  flights
with a mix of rectangular and tapered treads provided all tapered treads within a flight
turn in the same direction. (3) Curved
flights in exits shall comply with Sentence 3.4.6.9.(2). (4) Spiral stairs shall comply with Article 9.8.4.5A.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.3.2. Minimum Number of Risers (1) Except for stairs within a dwelling unit, at least three risers shall be provided in interior flights.
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.3.3. Maximum Height of Flights (1) The vertical height of a flight shall not exceed 3.7 m. 9.8.4. Step Dimensions
Notes to Table 9.7.3.3.:
9.8.4.1. Dimensions for Risers (1) Except as provided in Article 9.8.4.5A., the rise, which is measured as the vertical nosing-to-nosing distance, shall conform to Table 9.8.4.1. Table 9.8.4.1.   Rise for Rectangular Treads, Tapered Treads and Winders and Run for Rectangular Treads Forming Part of Sentences 9.8.4.1.(1) and 9.8.4.2.(1) Item   Column 1   Stair Type   Column 2   Max. Rise, mm, for All Steps     Column 3   Min. Rise, mm, for All Steps    Column 4   Max. Run, mm, for Rectangular Treads   Column 5   Min. Run, mm, for Rectangular Treads 

  1.   Private stairs(1)   200   125   355   255 

  2.   Public stairs(2)   180   125   no limit   280 

  3.   Service stairs(3)   no limit   125   355   no limit 

  4.   Stairs to unoccupied attic space(4)   no limit   125   355   no limit 

  5.   Stairs to crawl spaces    no limit   125   355   no limit 

  6.   Stairs that serve mezzanines not exceeding 20 m2 within live/work units   no limit   125   355   no limit
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.2. Dimensions for Runs and Rectangular Treads (1) The
run for rectangular treads shall conform to Table 9.8.4.1. (2) The depth of a rectangular tread shall be not less than its run
and not more than its run plus 25 mm.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.3. Dimensions for Tapered Treads (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Articles 9.8.4.5. and 9.8.4.5A., tapered treads shall have a run
that, (a) is not less than 150 mm at the narrow end of the tread, and (b) complies with the dimensions for rectangular treads specified in Table 9.8.4.1. when measured at a point 300 mm from the centre line of the inside handrail. (2) Tapered treads in required exit stairs shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.4.6.9. (3) The depth of a tapered tread shall be not less than its
run at any point and not more than its run at any point plus 25 mm.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.4. Uniformity and Tolerances for Risers, Runs and Treads (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), risers shall be of uniform height in any one flight with a maximum tolerance of, (a) 5 mm between adjacent treads or landings, and (b) 10 mm between the tallest and shortest risers in a flight. (2) Except for required exit stairs, where the top or bottom riser in a stair adjoins a sloping finished walking surface such as a garage floor, driveway or sidewalk, the height of the riser across the stair shall vary by not more than 1 in 12. (3) Rectangular treads shall have uniform run with a maximum tolerance of, (a) 5 mm between adjacent treads, and (b) 10 mm between the deepest and shallowest treads in a flight. (4) Tapered treads in a flight
shall have a uniform run in accordance with the tolerances described in Sentence (3) when measured at a point 300 mm from the centre line of the inside handrail. (5) The slope of treads shall not exceed 1 in 50.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.4A. Uniformity of Runs in Flights with Mixed Treads within a House or Dwelling Unit (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Article 9.8.4.5., where a flight
within a house or individual dwelling unit consists of both tapered treads and rectangular treads, all the treads shall have a uniform run
when measured at a point 300 mm from the centre line of the inside handrail. (2) Where
tapered treads are located at the bottom of a mixed-tread
flight described in Sentence (1), the run of the tapered treads
when measured at a point 300 mm from the centre line of the inside handrail is permitted to exceed the run of the rectangular treads.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.5. Winders (1) Stairs within dwelling units are permitted to contain winders that converge to a centre point provided, (a) the winders turn through an angle of not more than 90°, (b) individual treads turn through an angle of not less than 30° or not more than 45°, and (c) adjacent winders turn through the same angle. (2) Where more than one set of winders described in Sentence (1) is provided in a single stairway between adjacent floor levels, such winders shall be separated in plan by at least 1 200 mm.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.5A. Spiral Stairs (1) Spiral stairs shall have, (a) handrails on both sides, the outer handrail being not less than 1 070 mm high, (b) a clear width not less than 660 mm between handrails, (c) risers that are not more than 240 mm high, (d) treads that, (i) are a minimum of 190 mm deep at a point 300 mm from the centre line of the inside handrail, (ii) have a consistent angle and uniform dimension, and (iii) turn in the same direction, and (e) a clear height not less than 1 980 mm. (2) Spiral stairs conforming to Sentence (1) are permitted to be used as the only means of egress where they serve not more than 3 persons. (3) Except as permitted by Sentence (2), spiral stairs shall not serve as an exit.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.6. Leading Edges of Treads (1) Leading edges of treads that are bevelled or rounded shall, (a) not reduce the required tread depth by more than 15 mm, and (b) not, in any case, exceed 25 mm horizontally.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.4.7. Interior Stairs Extending through the Roof (1) Interior stairways extending through the roof of a building
shall be protected from ice and snow. 9.8.5. Ramps
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.5.1. Application (1) This Subsection applies to pedestrian ramps except ramps in a barrier-free
path of travel. (2) Ramps in a barrier-free path of travel shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.8.3.4. 9.8.5.2. Ramp Width (1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), ramps shall not be less than 1 100 mm wide. (2) Ramps serving a house or an individual dwelling unit shall not be less than 860 mm wide.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.5.3. Height over Ramps (1) The clear height over ramps shall be not less than, (a) 1 950 mm for ramps serving a house or an individual dwelling unit, and (b) 2 050 mm for ramps not serving a house or an individual dwelling unit.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.5.4. Ramp Slope (1) The slope of ramps shall be not more than, (a) 1 in 10 for exterior ramps, (b) 1 in 10 for interior ramps serving
residential occupancies, (c) 1 in 6 for industrial occupancies, and (d) 1 in 8 for all other occupancies.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.5.5. Maximum Rise (1) Where the slope of the ramp is greater than 1 in 12, the maximum rise between floors or landings shall be 1 500 mm. 9.8.6. Landings
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.6.1. Application (1) This Subsection applies to landings, except landings for ramps in a barrier-free path of travel. (2) Landings for ramps in a barrier-free
path of travel shall conform to the requirements in Article 3.8.3.4. (3) Finished floors, and ground surfaces with a slope not exceeding 1 in 50, at the top and bottom of stairs or ramps shall be considered as landings.
Notes to Table 9.8.4.1.:
9.8.6.2. Required Landings (1) Except as provided in Sentences (2), (3) and (4) and Sentence 9.9.6.6.(2), a landing shall be provided, (a) at the top and bottom of each flight of interior and exterior stairs, including stairs in garages, (b) at the top and bottom of every ramp with a slope greater than 1 in 50, and (c) where a doorway opens onto a stair or ramp. (2) Where a door at the top of a stair in a dwelling unit
swings away from the stair, no landing is required between the doorway and the stair. (3) A landing may be omitted at the top of an exterior stair serving a garage or a secondary entrance to a house or an individual dwelling unit, including an entrance from an attached garage, provided, (a) the stair does not contain more than three risers, (b) except as provided in Clause (c), the door is a sliding door or swings away from the stair, and (c) where a storm or screen door is provided, it may swing over the stair if it is equipped with hardware to hold it open. (3.1) Sentence (3) does not apply to an exterior stair serving a secondary entrance to a house that is also a main entrance to a dwelling unit in the house. (4) A landing may be omitted at the bottom of an exterior stair or ramp provided there is no obstruction, such as a gate or door, within the lesser of the width of the stair or ramp, or, (a) 900 mm for stairs or ramps serving a house or an individual dwelling unit, and (b) 1 100 mm for stairs or ramps not serving a house or an individual dwelling unit.