The Biochar Revolution: Transforming Agriculture & Environment
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{mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]The Biochar Revolution: Transforming Agriculture and Environment, ed. Paul TaylorI want to call this book: Biochar, the Missing Manual. This compendium of practical how-to articles on the art and science of biochar bridges the current gap between research and implementation of biochar systems. While basic research on the mechanisms of biochar-soil interactions proceeds at research institutions around the globe, farmers, blacksmiths, colliers and crafty inventors of all sorts have jumped into the business of biochar production and utilization. The Biochar Revolution collects the results and best practical advice that these entrepreneurs have to offer to the biochar community.In the book you will read about the challenges of designing low-emissions biochar production systems from small-scale stoves to farm-scale pyrolyzers. Another section of the book is devoted to explaining simple tests to characterize biochar and methods for conducting valid field trials. Biochar producers show how they add minerals and nutrients to maximize the effectiveness of biochar, and seasoned biochar business operators share the rudiments of their business plans including information on feedstocks, flow rates and financing.Because biochar is rooted in an ancient, proven practice, farmers feel empowered to experiment and are beginning to accumulate and document their results. But because biochar is new to science, it is not always possible to account for these results in a predictable fashion. Â We are fortunate to have a vibrant, grassroots movement of biochar practitioners who are so generous in sharing their results with us. 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mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:10.0pt; margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; margin-bottom:10.0pt; line-height:115%;} @page WordSection1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} -->[if gte mso 10]> <style>  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]The Biochar Revolution reads like a encyclopedic companion and testimonial.Dr. Taylor has the best people in academia & industry, as well as the grassroots, hands-on journeymen, as authors. Their personal travails and triumphs in development and applications of biochar soil technologies are inspiring. In the collaborative traditions of Astrophysics, Dr. Taylor's day job, these authoritative innovators allow you to view this cohesive whole system of sustainable carbon management.The Australians are years ahead in broad field trials with many crops and in addition, have conservative political support of soil carbon sequestration. Paul opens a window on their consistent findings of increased yields, nutrient efficiency and major reductions in soil green house gas emissions.Dr. Taylor has focused his cosmic perspective to the crisis our carbon based life has created with the misallocation of carbon. He lays out a path for carbon's re-allocation that garners high agricultural yields, biofuels, and generous climate dividends.For the backyard shade tree mechanic to the sustainable energy entrepreneur, important lessons can be learned here. Simple to complex testing of biochars and soils, biological conditioning and formulations of chars are explained along with small scale home made pyrolitic cook stoves. The attention to the menagerie of clean biomass cook stoves for the developing world is prescient of the recent state department, CDC & DOE support of the UN Global Clean Stove Initiative for 100 million stoves.Since carbon is the center of life, this work holds interest for everyone. --Erich J. 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mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} -->[if gte mso 10]> <style>  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]Biochar may represent the single most important initiative for humanity s environmental and agricultural future.This book shows how biochar can play a key role in achieving more productive, sustainable, and environmentally beneficial agriculture.Technically, biochar science is complex and evolving but its essence, as explained in this book, is straightforward. If you heat almost any biological material to a certain temperature, and restrict or exclude oxygen, a process called pyrolysis occurs. The material changes form and you get two very useful end-products: charcoal and synthetic gas. The synthetic gas can be used in the same way as other fuels, including generating electricity.The charcoal end-product has remarkable, unique qualities and is the focus of this book. When added to soil, the charcoal is called biochar. Biochar amends and improves the soil and does so permanently: biochar is a very stable form of carbon and will endure for hundreds, perhaps thousands, of years. In the soil, biochar retains moisture and acts like a coral reef for microbes and fungi that are beneficial to soil and plant growth. Studies have proved that biochar can improve crop yields.At the same time, biochar in the soil sequesters carbon from the atmosphere, because otherwise the decomposing material used to produce biochar would have deposited more carbon into the air. This sequestration actively draws down atmospheric carbon and can start reducing our global carbon debt.This book explains how producing and applying biochar can transform abundant, readily available biological material usually considered waste the crop waste left rotting in the field after harvest, fallen limbs in a forest into a renewable, environmentally friendly resource.These benefits are well within reach. The technologies for producing biochar already exist, and as this book explains, have been in use for centuries, dating back to the ancient Amazon basin. Those technologies have decidedly low-tech roots, and therefore may be globally adaptable.For all of these reasons, biochar has profound potential. It can be a key part of the solution to the daunting, interlaced challenges we face, because above all other options offered to date, biochar represents a practical, scalable approach that can address those challenges simultaneously.What about the title of this book, The Biochar Revolution? The title is apt; it reflects that revolutionary change is needed because we simply don't have time to wait for evolutionary change. In a very real sense, the predicate for the biochar solution is a biochar revolution.On the other hand, despite the word revolution, this book is not a political or philosophical screed, aloof from garden and field. It is by design and execution a compendium of historical, scientific, and practical how-to information, flavored with inspiring personal histories, from a diverse community of contributors.More pointedly, because biochar-making techniques are readily accessible to everyone, and the need is so pressing, this book shows concretely how all of us, in our own gardens and in our own communities, can contribute and help make a genuine difference now from the ground up without having to wait for our governments and institutions to fully mobilize. Those interested can try making their own biochar and by sharing their results, add valuable data to the worldwide knowledge base. Others can make an impact by participating in community biochar initiatives.The messages in this book cannot be repeated enough. If it finds wide enough readership, and if enough people at the grass roots literally and figuratively take some of the small, easy steps outlined here, the cumulative power of the many will lever dramatic, sustainable, and revolutionary change for us all. --Dr. Tim Flannery Professor, Macquarie University Sydney, Australia Australian of the Year