Emergency Care (9th Edition)
PREFACEEmergency Care has set the standard for EMT-B training texts for over 30 years. The famous "yellow book" has been used by over 1.6 million students to pass the National Registry and state exams. More than any other text, this book has defined the field. The thoroughly revised Ninth Edition continues this tradition of excellence, reflecting the latest techniques and innovations in emergency patient care and including the latest advances in instructional technology.The authors have based Emergency Care on the U.S. DOT 1994 EMT-Basic National Standard Curriculum; everything in the 1994 curriculum is addressed in the text. In addition, the text and the accompanying CD-ROM were developed taking into account the years of experience that the authors, with the input of countless instructors and students, have had with the DOT curriculum since its publication. The result is a proven text with outstanding readability and a level of detail that more instructors have found appropriate for their classrooms than any other.The content of the Ninth Edition is summarized below:Module 1, PREPARATORY: CHAPTERS 1-5This first module sets a framework for all the modules that follow by introducing some essential concepts, information, and skills. The EMS system and the role of the EMT-B within the system are introduced. Issues of EMT-B safety and well-being and legal and ethical issues are covered. Basic anatomy and physiology and techniques of safe lifting and moving are also included in this first module.Module 2, AIRWAY MANAGEMENT: CHAPTER 6There is only one chapter in Module 2, but it may be considered the most important module in the text, because no patient will survive without an open airway. Basic airway management techniques are covered in detail.Module 3, ASSESSMENT: CHAPTERS 7-15The ability to perform a rapid but accurate assessment, treat for life-threatening conditions, and initiate transport to the hospital within optimum time limits are the essence of the EMT-B's job. In this module, all of the steps of the assessment and their application to different types of trauma and medical patients, plus the skills of measuring vital signs, taking a patient history, communication, and documentation, are explained and illustrated.Module 4, MEDICAL EMERGENCIES: CHAPTERS 16-25The Medical Emergencies module begins with a chapter on pharmacology in which the medications the EMT-B can administer or assist with under the 1994 curriculum are introduced. The module continues with chapters on respiratory, cardiac, diabetic, allergy, poisoning and overdose, environmental, behavioral, and obstetric/gynecological emergencies. It ends with a new chapter on caring for patients with multiple medical complaints.Module 5, TRAUMA: CHAPTERS 26-30The Trauma module begins with a chapter on bleeding and shock; continues with chapters on soft-tissue injuries, musculoskeletal injuries, and injuries to the head and spine; and ends with a new chapter on caring for multiple-trauma patients.Module 6, INFANTS AND CHILDREN: CHAPTER 31The difference between treating adult and pediatric patients often lies in understanding the physical and psychological differences in infants and children compared to adults. This module explores these special aspects of pediatric care as well as medical conditions and injury patterns that are especially common to or critical for infants and children.Module 7, OPERATIONS: CHAPTERS 32-34This module deals with nonmedical operations and special situations, including ambulance operations, motor-vehicle collision rescues, and multiple-casualty and hazardous materials incidents.Module 8, ADVANCED AIRWAY MANAGEMENT (ELECTIVE): CHAPTER 35In some states and regions, EMT-Bs will be trained to perform invasive airway management procedures, including orotracheal intubation and, in children, nasogastric intubation. Module 8 is included as an elective to cover these advanced airway management skills.APPENDICES AND BCLS REVIEWThere are four appendices to this textbook, covering advanced life support assist skills, stress, and the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians skill sheets. There is also a review of the basic cardiac life support course, which is a prerequisite to the EMT-Basic course.INNOVATIONS STUDENTS NEED—FEATURES Of THE BOOK AND THECOMPANION CD-ROMThe features of the Ninth Edition of Emergency Care and its accompanying Electronic Extras CD have been designed to address the needs of students training to become EMT-Bs. Some features—like the "Patient Assessment" and "Patient Care" sections and Scans—are hallmarks of Emergency Care and have been used successfully in several editions. Other new or revised features—like the Street Scenes and Topic Overview—have been added based on the comments of instructors and students who have used the book in the past and were kind enough to provide us with their suggestions.Here's what we have found about what students need most in their studies-and here's how this latest revision of Emergency Care meets those needs:Students want material to be relevant to real life. Only work in the field provides real life experience, but case-based learning is an effective way of integrating concepts with practice in the classroom.New! Word on the Street. Each chapter opens with a brief anecdote, where experienced EMTs share their insights, wisdom, and experiences.  New! Street Scenes. Each chapter concludes with a case study that applies information from the chapter to a life-like scenario. The Street Scenes case study begins, then stops to ask students questions; to make decisions; to figure out what to do next. As the case study continues, the story answers the questions by explaining what the EMTs would really do.  An Electronic Edge. More case studies, plus on-the-scene action video footage and photos of trauma injuries, are found on the Electronic Extras CD.Students prefer material in easy-to-read, easy-to-locate "chunks." So do we! Whether it's a mnemonic device like SAMPLE or a quick-reference Scan page that summarizes a skill, Emergency Care is designed to make important information accessible.Scans. Key information and step-by-step procedures are summarized and presented for easy reference in illustrated Scans.Medication Scans give you all the information you need in order to administer or help administer medications. Procedure Scans list and describe the steps in performing particular procedures.  Study Guides. Sprinkled throughout the text, these summarize key points or mnemonic devices.  Special Notes. "Pediatric Notes" and "Geriatric Notes" in many chapters describe what is unique in dealing with infants, children, or older adults and how you should deal with those differences. "Safety Notes" appear throughout the book as needed to point out situations where you need to take special care.Patient assessment practice is essential. Because today's EMTs must assess patients accurately in order to perform their jobs well, training must contain a strong focus on this important skill.Patient Care and Patient Assessment sections. These segments describe the assessment and treatment you should provide for particular types of patients, disorders, or injuries. Patient Assessment typically lists the important signs and symptoms. Patient Care lists the key steps of EMT-B emergency care.  An Electronic Edge. Video Activities on the Electronic Extras CD emphasize patient assessment with actual video footage and interactive exercises.Good documentation skills require practice, practice, practice. One of the most common problems students encounter when they begin work on the street is documentation of calls.Documentation Tips. The Ninth Edition continues the use of the popular Documentation Tips throughout the text, with new examples added to the end of every medical, trauma, and pediatric chapter.  New! Sample Documentation. After the chapter on documentation (Chapter 15), each Street Scenes case study concludes with a filled-out run sheet for the call.  An Electronic Edge. The video activities on the Electronic Extras CD include documentation practice.Retention improves when students have a broader framework in which to place newly learned information. When students first grasp a general overview, they are better prepared to synthesize details.New! Topic Overview. The chapter opens with a list of the key topics to be covered in the chapter. DOT Objectives. This list of cognitive, affective, and skills objectives opens each chapter and represents what is required by the U.S. DOT's National Standard. Includes page references to the chapter for quick review.Sometimes students want to know more than what's in the DOT.FYIs. These popular "For Your Information" sections include material that is intended to broaden your knowledge of a chapter topic but it is not essential to an understanding of your job as an EMT-B.  New! How and Why. This feature, posted throughout the text, bri