in some countries family law conflates rape with adultery or premarital sex so that if a woman cannot prove rape she is liable to be tried for zina fornication in morocco and tunisia personal status codes have been amended to support more egalitarian gender relations and progressive amendments to laws and codes have been passed recently in algeria and bahrain numerical increases belie the complexities and conditions of womens entry into formal politics in some places the introduction of quotas has simply led to nepotism so that women relatives of sitting politicians are appointed