the broader shift from government to governance has been seen from the s in many western countries linked to the legitimation crisis by which an organization does not possess the necessary administrative capacity to achieve its objectives habermas part of this transition has also been in conjunction with neoliberal policies and greater reliance on the contribution of the private sector pierre at one level it has become clear that the government alone is not able to take on the full responsibility and development challenge of providing water supply and sanitation services to all citizens especially in lowincome settings franks and cleaver jimenez and perezfoguet this relates closely to the general change of governments role towards policy setting and regulation with the actual provision being carried out by nonstate actors or increasingly decentralized or independent departments