foreign investment and international assistance could be a potential source of greening effects both directly through transfers of more energyefficient and environmentfriendly technologies and indirectly by facilitating spillovers to domestic firms through best practices in environmentfriendly productions technologies and management section these exportoriented sectors have also attracted an important share of fdi of the fdi stock by ensuring transit of natural gas from russia to europe ukraine also plays a strategic role in international energy relations its total primary energy supply tpes is dominated by four energy resources natural gas represents followed by coal nuclear energy and oil electricity production comes mainly from nuclear power plants followed by coal power generation figure heating depends almost exclusively on gas