however productivity in the sector is low and high labour turnover is often cited as a significant constraint for improving productivity some employers report that only half of workers stay beyond three years ilo a some staff turnover is to be expected in any industry but this rate is high even by regional industry standards world bank and has a direct impact on productivity in terms of loss of experienced workers and costs related to hiring and training while the fact that the sector in general employs migrant women under who may view employment as a temporary opportunity does play a role challenging working conditions long hours compulsory overtime limited understanding of contractual rights and obligations issues with wages and representation have been reported to be a significant factor ilo c world bank