while this focus has no doubt helped to raise awareness of the infrastructure challenge it misses or worse sidelines some key questions from a developingcountry perspective beginning with how infrastructure can actually become a real force for structural transformation raising productivity across sectors and activities and creating a more virtuous development circle it draws in part on the framework provided by hirschman to make planning and programming activities more effective in the face of the uncertainties constraints and tensions inherent in the development process recognizing that development planning is a risky business hirschman stressed the importance of sequencing and experimentation to establish the right balance between what was then commonly called social overhead capital public infrastructure and directly productive activities private investment hirschman it seeks to show how public infrastructure investments can help to break the interlocking vicious circles hirschman that impede development and to help generate the kind of linkages that are key to structural transformation