this means that some children are already advantaged over others when they begin formal schooling while in turn school results exert a strong influence on their university outcomes boarini et al moreover people with higher education and skills are more likely to undertake onthejob training oecd c the way that inequalities are compounded means that educational deficiencies should be tackled as early as possible and that pupils from a lower socioeconomic background should receive adequate support in schools to compensate for their initial disadvantage