this may also indicate that a gain in productivity or a greater amount of effort devoted to work in line with our earlier discussion of the lack of a counterbalance for the labourincome elasticity of supply may correlate with a reduction in the number of hours of labour supply but may boost production and growth this may mean that the gender bias in the labour market is greater than the malefemale wage gap that is based on observable characteristic education or experience for example and that the wages of women entering the workforce on average should be higher than the wage that the market is currently paying among factors relating to worker skill levels the mean level of educational attainment of the eap correlates positively although fairly weakly about with the growth rate for all the specifications