this is because of the need to address leakages and losses from water delivery systems on and offfarm and also that in most cases no contingency has been made for capital investment for system renewal given that typically publicly owned irrigation systems have only charged farmers for om costs and not capital renewal costs in addition there are the financial costs for controlling nonpoint pollution from agriculture and flood control costs such as onfarm drainage the transfer of financial control and investment management requires water user groups to seek privatepublic partnerships to raise capital and develop skills in long term asset management for renewal of irrigation infrastructure