put differently the industrialisation process and structural change pattern reveals an inverse ushaped curve for emission intensity this can be explained by the rise of energy and resourceintensive industries such as metals nonmetallic minerals and chemicals and chemical products in a middleincome stage and higher environmental productivity through emissionreducing technologies of hightech manufacturing industries this however requires knowledge and technology transfer and sufficiently simple tools for the actual implementation of such technologies in developing countries when countries diversify into energyintensive industries they can benefit from existing technologies and innovations to sidestep the environmental tradeoff pattern