these stocks require international cooperation to manage them due to their crossboundary nature effective implementation of applicable international law is critical to ensuring the longterm sustainability of such stocks and consequently the continuation of benefits accrued through international trade in such stocks the agreement sets out a comprehensive legal framework for the implementation of those provisions of the convention that relate to the longterm conservation and sustainable use of straddling and highly migratory fish stocks in particular it gives effect to and elaborates on the duty to cooperate set out in the convention as enshrined in articles and to