this difference is found to be widest for upper middleincome and high income countries women are more likely to be employed in positions that reflect traditional gender roles in what have been labelled the cs jobs caring cashiering cleaning catering and clerical work as reflected in figure in low and middleincome countries have a concentration of contributing family workers with the percentage being higher among females however in contrast to contributing family workers a greater proportion ofemployed malesareown account workers compared with females except for those in low income countries