however military conscription develops vocational skills in engineering and trades for the jewish population legislative changes which occurred in and made eligibility for unemployment benefits stricter particularly during vocational training the result was a reduction in the scope of training for the unemployed less participation in vocational training and shorter length of coursers oecd a policy maintains clear distinction between the university and college sectors for example the state funding formulae differ for both sectors student fees are regulated uniform and fairly modest the first universities were established in the s and the last was set up in the s