johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: Who was referenced as prime minister in a negative manner when the term was first used in its modern sense?

assistant: Sir Robert Walpole
user: Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII?

assistant: Thomas Cromwell
user: Who held the equivalent of the post of prime minister under Queen Anne?

assistant: Godolphin
user: Who are the two ministers used by Queen Anne simultaneously?

assistant: Harley and St John
user: Who was exiled when he lost the favor of the monarch?

assistant: Clarendon
user: What 1688 event helped the parliament solidy its power against the monarch?

assistant: Glorious Revolution
user: What 1689 law contributed to parliament's growing power?

assistant: Bill of Rights
user: What body was incorporated into the government as a result of the Bill of Rights?

assistant: House of Commons
user: The reign of which king was a turning point in the growth of the position of prime minister?

assistant: George I
user: For how long did Robert Walpole serve as prime minister?

assistant: twenty-one years
user: What concept took shape during Walpole's tenure as prime minister?

assistant: doctrine of cabinet solidarity
user: What would a minister have to do if he did not publicly support a cabinet policy?

assistant: resign
user: Who is another prime minister who reiterated the principles of cabinet solidarity?

assistant: Lord Melbourne
user: Aside from Walpole, who else denied that there was no such thing as the prime minister?

assistant: parliamentarians and legal scholars
user: Which kings tried to get power back to the monarchy?

assistant: George II and George III
user: During whose government did prime minister first see use on official state documents?

assistant: Benjamin Disraeli
user: In the U.S. and governments modeled on it, who holds executive power?

assistant: president
user: Which non-elected official has held the longest term as prime minister?

assistant: Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah
user: When did Khalifa first take the post of prime minister?

assistant: 1970
user: What country does Khalifah serve for as prime minister?

assistant: Bahrain
user: Greece, Finland, Romania and Turkey use what kind of government?

assistant: parliamentary republics
user: What is the term for the head of China's government?

assistant: Premier of the State Council
user: Whose consent is not required for the Taiwanese premier to take office?

assistant: legislature
user: What is the term for a situation in which the president and prime minister come from different political parties?

assistant: cohabitation
user: What can the French parliament cause in order to oust the prime minister?

assistant: resignation of the government
user: What other considerations are included in the constitution of Bangladesh as regards the prime minister?

assistant: the process of his/her appointment and dismissal
user: What is directly above the premier in the People's Republic of China?

assistant: the National People's Congress
user: What is the pinyin form of premier?

assistant: Zŏnglĭ
user: The Constitution Act mentions the prime minister in the context of which kinds of other ministers?

assistant: federal and provincial first ministers
user: What document details the role and abilities given to the prime minister of the Czech Republic?

assistant: constitution
user: When was prime minister first mentioned in a government document in the UK?

assistant: first decade of the twentieth century
user: Who was the last prime minister to serve simultaneously as Chancellor of the Exchequer?

assistant: Balfour
user: When did Balfour last hold the titles of prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer?

assistant: 1905
user: What is the name of the prime ministerial position in Ireland?

assistant: Taoiseach
user: From where is the Irish prime minister usually selected?

assistant: the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament
user: When is the Irish Taoiseach renominated?

assistant: after every general election
user: Most parliamentary governments need to have the support of what governmental body?

assistant: lower house of parliament
user: Which political division does not often utilize its power, if it has any?

assistant: upper houses
user: What kind of referendum can the lower house of parliament take against the government?

assistant: vote of confidence
user: Who can put a stop the parliamentary attempts at dissovling itself in some areas?

assistant: head of state
user: If the head of state prevents the dissolution of parliament, what needs to happen?

assistant: resignation of the prime minister and his or her government
user: In contemporary parliamentary governments, which official is usually in charge of asking parliament to dissolve?

assistant: prime minister
user: When was the convention of prime ministers initiating the dissolution of parliament started?

assistant: 1918
user: In Ireland, when was the power to dissolve parliament assigned to the prime minister?

assistant: 1937
user: The 1922 Irish Free State Constitution previously gave what body the power to dissolve parliament?

assistant: the Executive Council
user: What process signals the need for the prime minister to resign in Australia?

assistant: spill motion
user: What is the Israeli term for prime minister?

assistant: Rosh HaMemshalah
user: What is the term used in spain for prime minister?

assistant: President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno)
user: What is the Italian term for the prime minister?

assistant: president of the council of ministers
user: What is the native term for prime minister in Scandinavia?

assistant: statsminister
user: Which countries use the term chancellor to denote the head of government?

assistant: Germany and Austria
user: What is the term for the highest position in government in Vatican City?

assistant: Secretary of State
user: In what kinds of nations can the head of government attain the title of Excellency?

assistant: non-Commonwealth countries
user: What honorific title can be given to prime ministers in commonwealth nations?

assistant: Right Honourable
user: What are British prime ministers part of that grants them the title Right Honourable?

assistant: Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council
user: What is an example of a country where prime ministers can be called Right Honourable solely because of their position?

assistant: Canada
user: What are the heads of government in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland called?

assistant: First Minister
user: What is the term for prime minister in Pakistan?

assistant: Wazir-e-Azam
user: What does Wazir-e-Azam mean in English?

assistant: Grand Vizier
user: What is the head of government's office called in Canada?

assistant: Office of the Prime Minister
user: In what century did the term polytechnic first show up?

assistant: 19th century
user: What school founded in 1794 first used a form of the word polytechnic in its name?

assistant: École Polytechnique
user: What word means the same thing as "institute of technology"?

assistant: polytechnic
user: What was the first institute of technology in the world?

assistant: the Berg-Schola
user: What war led to the increased popularity of institutes of technology and polytechnics?

assistant: World War II
user: What was the founding name of the Braunschweig University of Technology?

assistant: Collegium Carolinum
user: What kind of institutions do countries like Germany and Switzerland consider institutes of technology to be?

assistant: institutions of higher education
user: In what year were polytechnics in the UK given the university designation?

assistant: 1992
user: What is the name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution now?

assistant: University of Westminster
user: What term was used in some countries to describe select universities that focus on technological education in applied science and engineering?

assistant: polytechnics
user: What name did some universities switch to in the 1990s for marketing purposes?

assistant: University of Technology
user: What system were institutes of technology a part of during the seventies, eighties, and early nineties?

assistant: College of Advanced Education system
user: What's the four-letter abbreviation for technically minded technical and further education institutes?

assistant: TAFE
user: What is the new name of the Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE?

assistant: Melbourne Polytechnic
user: TAFE Tasmania started a three-year restructuring in what year?

assistant: 2009
user: What's the German word for a tertiary education institution?

assistant: Fachhochschule
user: In addition to Bachelor's degrees, what other kind of degree can one earn from a Fachhochschule?

assistant: master's degrees
user: What term is used in Belgium and the Netherlands to refer to an institution like a German Fachhochschule?

assistant: hogeschool
user: What term refers to the process that a hogeschool undergoes before it's able to award Master's degrees?

assistant: academization
user: How many institutes of technology in the Netherlands have converted into full-fledged universities in the past few decades?

assistant: four
user: What country has Institutes of Technology/Polytechnic Institutes from which students can earn certificates, diplomas, and degrees?

assistant: Cambodia
user: What are polytechnic divisions of national universities called in Canada?

assistant: Affiliate Schools
user: In what city is the École Polytechnique de Montréal located?

assistant: Quebec
user: In addition to private equity and industry sources, what's a third source of research funding for institutions of higher learning in Canada?

assistant: public funding
user: What is Canada's national alliance of 11 research-focused schools called?

assistant: Polytechnics Canada
user: What kind of projects does Polytechnics Canada sponsor that can lead to technology commercialization?

assistant: collaborative institute-industry projects
user: In what year was the Imperial Tientsin University founded in China?

assistant: 1895
user: What portion of China's elite universities still have a primary polytechnical focus today?

assistant: half
user: What year did Croatia pass a law regarding polytechnic education?

assistant: 1997
user: What institution is in charge of tracking volcanic activity in the Galápagos Islands?

assistant: The Geophysics Institute
user: What school oversees the Quito Astronomical Observatory?

assistant: National Polytechnic School
user: EPN's Nuclear Science Department is among how many of its kind in Ecuador?

assistant: one
user: If the mission is achieved, professionals will apply what they've learned to what goal?

assistant: the country's development
user: MIT raised money to cover tuition, room and board for what number of students?

assistant: 50
user: What's the equivalent of Universities of Technology in French-speaking areas?

assistant: Instituts de technologie
user: How many credits were needed for an M.Sc. (Tech.) degree before the Bologna Process?

assistant: 180
user: How many credits were needed for an M.Sc. from a traditional university prior to the Bologna Process?

assistant: 160
user: In what country are polytechnic schools designated uniquely from academic universities?

assistant: Finland
user: What word means polytechnic school in Finnish?

assistant: ammattikorkeakoulus
user: What's the Swedish word for a polytechnic school?

assistant: yrkeshögskola
user: Universities that encompass several engineering schools provide curricula in sciences and what other field?

assistant: technology
user: What are an institute of technology called in France?

assistant: institut universitaire de technologie
user: What's the three-letter acronym for institut universitaire de technologie?

assistant: IUT
user: What's the term in German for what those in French-speaking Switzerland call haute école specialisée?

assistant: Fachhochschule
user: In Eastern Europe, what is the word for an institute of technology?

assistant: Polytechnicum
user: What century in France's history included the French École polytechnique that influenced education systems in other countries?

assistant: 18th
user: What term in Brasil and Spain refers to a polytechnic institute?

assistant: Escola Politécnica
user: Fachhochschulen first came about in the early years of what decade?

assistant: 1970s
user: Fachhochschulen favor an education in what, as opposed to research?

assistant: teaching
user: In addition to technology, Fachhochschulen offer courses in social science, medicine, design, and what other discipline?

assistant: business
user: What's the abbreviation for a Technische Universität?

assistant: TU
user: How many Technische Universitäten make up the TU9 German Institutes of Technology?

assistant: nine
user: What's the approximate number of students in Germany who are enrolled in a university of technology?

assistant: 290,000
user: Which German state has the highest ratio of universities of technology to standard universities?

assistant: Saxony
user: What's the joint project of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig, and the University of Hanover called?

assistant: Niedersächsische Technische Hochschule
user: What's the name of the Act that changed how Greek public institutes of technology were designated?

assistant: Higher Education Reform Act
user: What was the very first polytechnic school in Hong Kong?

assistant: The Hong Kong Polytechnic
user: What was the original name of Hong Kong Polytechnic?

assistant: Hong Kong Technical College
user: In what year was the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong founded?

assistant: 1984
user: What Hong Kong university was created in 1991?

assistant: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
user: When did the two polytechnic schools in Hong Kong receive status as universities?

assistant: 1994
user: What kind of mining did the world's first institute of technology prepare students for?

assistant: copper
user: What's the founding year of the first institute of technology ever?

assistant: 1735
user: What's the name of the diploma awarded in India for technical or vocational coursework?

assistant: Diploma in Engineering
user: Rather than four-year Bachelor's degrees, Politeknik offer a diploma after how many years?

assistant: three
user: What was the original name of Ireland's Institute of Technology system?

assistant: Regional Technical College
user: What Irish institute of technology evolved independently of the Regional Technical College System?

assistant: Dublin Institute of Technology
user: What term in higher education refers to technical universities that award engineering degrees?

assistant: Politecnico
user: What city houses the headquarters of the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia?

assistant: Genoa
user: What college was the forerunner for the engineering faculty at the University of Tokyo?

assistant: Imperial College of Engineering
user: What country has operated polytechnic institutes for nearly 44 years?

assistant: Malaysia
user: What international organization partnered with Malaysia's Ministry of Education in 1969?

assistant: UNESCO
user: In what city in the state of Perak is the Politeknik Ungku Omar located?

assistant: Ipoh
user: How many students were enrolled in polytechnic schools in Malaysia in 2009?

assistant: 60,840
user: How many students were enrolled in polytechnic schools in Malaysia in 2012?

assistant: 87,440
user: What's the name of Mauritius's sole technical university?

assistant: University of Technology, Mauritius
user: What's the focus of Mauritius's University of Technology's specialized mission?

assistant: technology
user: What country considers their polytechnics, universities, and colleges state-owned institutions?

assistant: New Zealand
user: In what year was the Education Act originally passed in New Zealand?

assistant: 1989
user: In what decade did New Zealand's tertiary education institutions begin consolidation?

assistant: 1990s
user: What school considered a merger with Waikato Institute of Technology that was later abandoned?

assistant: Central Institute of Technology
user: What island was Waiarapa Polytechnic located on before it merged with UCOL?

assistant: North Island
user: What's the only polytechnic school in New Zealand to be designated a university?

assistant: Auckland University of Technology
user: In Pakistan, a student's tests in what grade determine their admission to a diploma program?

assistant: 10th
user: What are people being trained for, mainly, in Pakistan's polytechnic institutes?

assistant: trades
user: How many years does it usually take to earn a diploma from polytechnic schools in Pakistan?

assistant: three
user: What's Pakistan's program called that's comparable to the British A Level?

assistant: F.Sc
user: What word do they use in Poland for an institute of technology?

assistant: Politechnika
user: What is the Portuguese word for the short-cycle degrees awarded prior to 1988?

assistant: bacharelatos
user: What process was instituted in 2007 that brought Master's degrees to the polytechnic education system?

assistant: Bologna Process
user: What's the name of Singapore's centralized institute that students can attend before university?

assistant: Millennia Institute
user: How many years of study would it take to obtain a degree from a polytechnic in Singapore?

assistant: three
user: What queen set up the Banská Akadémia?

assistant: queen Maria Theresa
user: What year was the Banská Akadémia founded?

assistant: 1735
user: The Banská Akadémia was originally intended for training workers in what two precious metals?

assistant: silver and gold
user: What year did teaching start at the Banská Akadémia?

assistant: 1764
user: What are the university buildings still standing at the Banská Akadémia used for now?

assistant: teaching
user: What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees?

assistant: 1993
user: When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities?

assistant: 2004
user: Most institutes of technology in Thailand were born out of what other type of institutions?

assistant: technical colleges
user: What type of degree were Thailand's technical colleges historically not allowed to confer?

assistant: bachelor's degrees
user: What's the new name of Pathumwan Technical School?

assistant: Pathumwan Institute of Technology
user: What did the Thonburi Technology Institute become after its name change?

assistant: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi
user: What was the previous name of Rajamangala University of Technology?

assistant: Institute of Technology and Vocational Education
user: What is the name of Thammasat University's engineering school?

assistant: Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology
user: What is Thailand's only government-established and owned institute of technology?

assistant: Suranaree University of Technology
user: What is the name of the best-known private institute of technology in Thailand?

assistant: Mahanakorn University of Technology
user: What institute of technology opened in Bursa in 2010?

assistant: Bursa Technical University
user: When Konya Technical University opens, how many total institutes of technology will there be in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire?

assistant: six
user: What two cities in Turkey acquired institutes of technology in the 1950s?

assistant: Ankara and Trabzon
user: What year did UK polytechnics start functioning in a binary education system?

assistant: 1970
user: What organization validates degrees received from polytechnic schools?

assistant: the UK Council for National Academic Awards
user: What two-word term does Scotland use to describe their technological universities?

assistant: Central Institutions
user: What was the first polytechnic in Britain originally named?

assistant: Royal Polytechnic Institution
user: How many Institutes of Science and Technology were affiliated with the University of Wales?

assistant: two
user: What was the name Loughborough University was known by from 1966 to 1996?

assistant: Loughborough University of Technology
user: In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation?

assistant: 1960s
user: What act allowed polytechnic schools to become universities?

assistant: the Further and Higher Education Act 1992
user: The Further and Higher Education Act 1992 allows polytechnics to award degrees without what organization's approval?

assistant: CNAA
user: If a technical institute is affiliated with a local university, what does its designation become?

assistant: university colleges
user: What century brought the advent of technical schools or technical institutes?

assistant: 20th century
user: A student would attend a technical institute before a university or polytechnic but after what?

assistant: high school
user: In what year was Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute founded?

assistant: 1824
user: Which of the three earliest technological universities was founded most recently, in 1861?

assistant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
user: Who pioneered using the French system of technological education?

assistant: Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio
user: Where does the information stored on the Wayback Machine come from?

assistant: World Wide Web
user: What individuals founded Internet Archive?

assistant: Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat
user: What is the term used by Internet Archive to describe the Wayback Machine?

assistant: three dimensional index
user: When does Wayback Machine save a copy of a website?

assistant: if the content has changed
user: What is the ultimate aim of the Wayback Machine?

assistant: to archive the entire Internet
user: What TV show served as inspiration for the Wayback Machine's name?

assistant: The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show
user: Which characters on The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show used a device that allowed them to travel through time?

assistant: Mr. Peabody and Sherman
user: What was the machine used by Mr. Peabody and Sherman named?

assistant: WABAC machine
user: When was the program necessary to crawl and archive the web created?

assistant: 1996
user: What is a term used for programs that automatically visit websites and record the data they find?

assistant: crawlers
user: What rule do crawlers abide by when determining which sites to record?

assistant: robots exclusion standard
user: What site was created to mitigate issues with incomplete copies of websites?

assistant: Archive-It.org
user: Where was the event launching the publicly-available archive held?

assistant: University of California, Berkeley
user: What is the minimum amount of time that elapses before most snapshots are released for viewing?

assistant: six months
user: What term characterizes the rate at which snapshots are made of websites?

assistant: variable
user: When did it become a requirement for websites to appear on Open Directory for inclusion in the Archive?

assistant: After August 2008
user: Who stated that sites not on Open Directory were still being saved but would not be released until the Archive was reindexed?

assistant: Jeff Kaplan
user: When did Kaplan make comments about the status of non-Open Directory sites?

assistant: November 2010
user: In 2009, what size did the data saved by Wayback Machine reach?

assistant: three petabytes
user: As of 2003, what was the rate of increase in the amount of data recorded by the Wayback Machine?

assistant: 12 terabytes/month
user: Where does Wayback Machine keep its information stored?

assistant: PetaBox rack systems
user: Where does Internet archive run a datacenter?

assistant: Sun Microsystems' California campus
user: When was an upgrade of the Wayback Machine released for testing?

assistant: 2011
user: When were details of the test version of the updated Wayback Machine released?

assistant: March 2011
user: The older version of Wayback Machine did not have much new data past what year?

assistant: 2008
user: The newer version of the Wayback Machine included date up to and including what year?

assistant: 2010
user: What was the functionality called that gave users the ability to save a snapshot of a site?

assistant: Save a Page
user: What 2009 court battle involved the Wayback Machine?

assistant: Netbula, LLC v. Chordiant Software Inc.