johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: Until when did the Portuguese government resist decolonization of their overseas territories?

assistant: April 1974
user: What was the Carnation Revolution?

assistant: left-wing military coup in Lisbon
user: By what was the PREC characterized by?

assistant: social turmoil and power disputes between left- and right-wing political forces
user: What entity governed Portugal until 1976?

assistant: Junta de Salvação Nacional
user: Who became the Prime Minister of Portugal in 1976?

assistant: Mário Soares
user: Through what years was Mario Soares the Portuguese Prime Minister?

assistant: 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985
user: Between which two political ideals did Portugal bounce between?

assistant: socialism and adherence to the neoliberal model
user: For what reasons were the Portuguese Constitution rewritten?

assistant: to accommodate socialist and communist principles
user: In the mountainous interior north of Portugal, between what degrees is the average temperature?

assistant: 8–12 °C (46.4–53.6 °F)
user: In the south of Portugal and on the Guadiana river basin, between what degrees does the average temperature fluctuate?

assistant: 16–19 °C (60.8–66.2 °F)
user: How high do the mountains between Algarve and the Alentejo region reach?

assistant: 900 metres (3,000 ft)
user: What type of climate do the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have?

assistant: subtropical
user: What two types of forests can be found in Geres?

assistant: deciduous and coniferous
user: To what period does the laurissilva forest date back to?

assistant: the Tertiary period
user: What type of oak tree is colonizing many abandoned areas in Portugal?

assistant: Pyrenean
user: What wild animal was recently found roaming urban areas in Portugal?

assistant: Boars
user: What is Laurisilva?

assistant: a unique type of subtropical rainforest
user: What are some examples of  mammalian fauna found in Laurisilva forests?

assistant: fox, badger, iberian lynx, iberian wolf, wild goat (Capra pyrenaica), wild cat (Felis silvestris), hare, weasel, polecat, chameleon, mongoose, civet, brown bear
user: What type of animal crosses between Europe and Africa during the Autumn?

assistant: migratory birds
user: How many freshwater fish species can be found in Portugal?

assistant: more than 100
user: In Portugal, where can you find the giant European catfish?

assistant: in the Tagus International Natural Park
user: Why are some species becoming endangered in Portugal?

assistant: because of habitat loss, pollution and drought
user: What type of glowing species can be found on some beaches in Portugal?

assistant: plankton
user: Who is the current president of Portugal?

assistant: Aníbal Cavaco Silva
user: What two political parties dominate Portugal's government?

assistant: Socialist Party and the Social Democratic Party
user: At what three levels does the Portugal government operate?

assistant: national-, regional- and local-levels
user: What other political groups exist other than the two dominant ones?

assistant: Unitary Democratic Coalition (Portuguese Communist Party and Ecologist Party "The Greens"), the Left Bloc and the Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party
user: What percentage of the vote do the non-dominant parties get?

assistant: 5 and 15%
user: For how many years does each term of the President of the Republic last?

assistant: five
user: By what means is the President of the Republic elected?

assistant: by direct, universal suffrage
user: Who has the power to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister?

assistant: President of the Republic
user: What process is required of each government's policies?

assistant: define the broad outline of its policies in a programme, and present it to the Assembly for a mandatory period of debate
user: What is the Policia de Seguranca Publica - PSP (Public Security Police)?

assistant: a civilian police force who work in urban areas
user: What is the Policia Judiciaria - PJ (Judicial Police)?

assistant: a highly specialized criminal investigation police
user: How much of a drug is legal to possess?

assistant: 10 days worth of personal use
user: What option is allowed to those caught with small amounts of drugs?

assistant: go to a rehab facility
user: By 2009, by how much had the rate of HIV infection decreased?

assistant: 50 percent
user: What are the branches of the Portuguese armed forces?

assistant: Navy, Army and Air Force
user: What is the primary purpose of the Portuguese armed forces?

assistant: primarily as a self-defense force whose mission is to protect the territorial integrity of the country and provide humanitarian assistance and security
user: How many women were in the Portuguese armed forces in 2008?

assistant: 7,500
user: How much money was spent on the Portuguese armed forced in 2009?

assistant: $5.2 billion, representing 2.1 percent of GDP
user: With what is the infantry brigade mainly equipped with?

assistant: Pandur II APC
user: What is the mechanized brigade mainly equipped with?

assistant: Leopard 2 A6 tanks and M113 APC
user: What does the Rapid Reaction Brigade consist of?

assistant: paratroopers, commandos and rangers
user: In what two major conflicts did Portugal engage in during the 20th century?

assistant: World War I and the Portuguese Colonial War
user: During which years was the Portuguese Colonial War fought?

assistant: 1961–1974
user: In what countries have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions?

assistant: East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Somalia, Iraq (Nasiriyah) and Lebanon
user: What are two examples of independent Portuguese unilateral military operations conducted abroad?

assistant: Angola in 1992 and in Guinea-Bissau in 1998
user: Who headed the government after the bailout was announced?

assistant: Pedro Passos Coelho
user: What was the purpose of the Portuguese bailout?

assistant: improve the State's financial situation
user: How was the Portuguese bailout implemented?

assistant: tax hikes, a freeze of civil service-related lower-wages and cuts of higher-wages by 14.3%, on top of the government's spending cuts
user: Between 2010 and 2012, by what percentage were the wages of public servants cut?

assistant: 20%
user: Between 1974 and 2010, how did the Portuguese government encourage over-expenditure and investment bubbles?

assistant: unclear Public–private partnerships and funding of numerous ineffective and unnecessary external consultancy and advisory of committees and firms
user: By whom was a report published in 2011 that demonstrated the Portuguese government encouraged over-expenditure and investment bubbles?

assistant: Diário de Notícias
user: Which two Portuguese banks had been accumulating losses for years?

assistant: Banco Português de Negócios (BPN) and Banco Privado Português (BPP)
user: What caused BPN and BPP to accumulate losses?

assistant: bad investments, embezzlement and accounting fraud
user: Why was the case of BPN more serious?

assistant: its size, market share, and the political implications
user: In what two areas are most Portuguese industries, businesses, and financial institutions concentrated?

assistant: Lisbon and Porto metropolitan areas
user: According to World Travel Awards, for what activity is Portugal known as Europe's leading destination?

assistant: Golf
user: Since the 90's, how has Portugal's economic development model been changing?

assistant: changing to a system that is focused on exports, private investment and the development of the high-tech sector
user: What are the more traditional industries that have existed in Portugal?

assistant: textiles, clothing, footwear and cork
user: By what entities was the Portuguese economy bailed out?

assistant: European Commission, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund
user: How much money was agreed to in the financial bailout?

assistant: €78 billion
user: By the time Portugal exited the bailout, to what percentage had the unemployment rate fallen?

assistant: 15.3 percent
user: Upon what is Portuguese agriculture based?

assistant: small to medium-sized family-owned dispersed units
user: What types of companies back more large scale, export-oriented agrobusinesses in Portugal?

assistant: Grupo RAR's Vitacress, Sovena, Lactogal, Vale da Rosa, Companhia das Lezírias and Valouro
user: What types of crops does Portugal produce?

assistant: tomatoes, citrus, green vegetables, rice, corn, barley, olives, oilseeds, nuts, cherries, bilberry, table grapes, edible mushrooms
user: What types of livestock products does Portugal produce?

assistant: dairy products, poultry and beef
user: Which company is the world's oldest canned fish producer?

assistant: Ramirez
user: What are the names of various companies that produce and export fish products?

assistant: Bom Petisco, Nero, Combate, Comur, General, Líder, Manná, Murtosa, Pescador, Pitéu, Tenório, Torreira and Vasco da Gama
user: What are three types of minerals Portugal is a notable producer of?

assistant: tin, tungsten and uranium
user: What event triggered a decrease in the extraction of Portugal's natural resources?

assistant: 1974 revolution and the consequent economic globalization
user: What automotive brands exist in Portugal?

assistant: Volkswagen Autoeuropa and Peugeot Citroen
user: Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa assembly plant located?

assistant: Palmela
user: What are the main centers for the Portuguese aerospace industries?

assistant: Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor
user: Where are the main centers of the biotech and IT industries located?

assistant: Lisbon, Porto, Braga, Coimbra and Aveiro
user: How does Portugal compete with other areas for tourists?

assistant: focus upon its niche attractions
user: What magazine described Portugal as "a new sick man of Europe?"

assistant: The Economist
user: Between 2002 and 2007, by what percentage did the rate of unemployment change?

assistant: 65%
user: What percentage did the unemployment rate reach in December, 2009?

assistant: 10.2%
user: In 2009, what rating did Standard & Poor's assign to Portugal's long-term credit assessment?

assistant: negative
user: In which year did Moody's downgrade Portugal's long-term credit assessment?

assistant: 2011
user: What did Prime Minister Jose Socrates announce on April 6, 2011?

assistant: that the country would request financial assistance from the IMF and the European Financial Stability Facility
user: What provoked the first request from Portugal for financial support?

assistant: Carnation's Revolution
user: For what reason did Moody's Investor Services downgrade nine Portuguese banks in 2011?

assistant: financial weakness
user: In 2005, how many public employees did Portugal have for every thousand inhabitants?

assistant: 70.8
user: What was the average number of public employees per every thousand inhabitants for the European Union in 2005?

assistant: 62.4
user: In comparison to EU and USA standards, how was Portugal's justice system regarded?

assistant: slow and inefficient
user: Which country had the slowest criminal justice system in Western Europe in 2005?

assistant: Italy
user: How many judges and prosecutors does Portugal have per 100,000 inhabitants?

assistant: over 30
user: Who was the Portugal Prime Minister in 2013?

assistant: Passos Coelho
user: What did the Prime Minister announce during the first week of May in 2013?

assistant: significant government plan for the public sector, whereby 30,000 jobs will be cut and the number of weekly working hours will be increased from 35 to 40 hours
user: For what reason did Prime Minister Passos Coelho justify cutting 30000 jobs?

assistant: austerity measures are necessary if Portugal seeks to avoid another monetary bailout grant
user: From which entities did Portugal seek a monetary bailout from?

assistant: European Commission, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund
user: To what age did Passos Coelho increase the retirement age?

assistant: 66
user: To what did Passos Coelho announce cuts to?

assistant: pensions, unemployment benefits, health, education and science expenses
user: What did the instituting of these policies lead to?

assistant: social unrest and to confrontations between several institutions
user: Since when has the Portugal unemployment rate been in a falling trend?

assistant: third quarter of 2014
user: In the second quarter of 2008, what was the Portuguese unemployment rate?

assistant: 7.3%
user: By when did the Portuguese unemployment rate pass the 10% mark?

assistant: December 2009
user: What are the tourist hotspots in Portugal?

assistant: Lisbon, Algarve, Madeira, Porto and the city of Coimbra
user: Where do 4-5 million religious pilgrims visit in Portugal every year?

assistant: Fátima
user: What apparitions reportedly took place in 1917?

assistant: Blessed Virgin Mary to three shepherd children
user: What tourist destinations are the Portuguese government continuing to promote and develop?

assistant: Douro Valley, the island of Porto Santo, and Alentejo
user: What is the 16th European city to attract the most tourists?

assistant: Lisbon
user: What prompted transportation improvements in Portugal in the 1970's?

assistant: fast economic growth with increasing consumption and purchase of new automobiles
user: After joining the European Economic Community in the 90's, what did Portugal begin building?

assistant: new motorways
user: How long is Portugal's total road network?

assistant: 68,732 km (42,708 mi)
user: How much land does the Continental Portugal cover?

assistant: 89,015 km2 (34,369 sq mi)
user: Near what cities are the Portuguese airports located?

assistant: Lisbon, Porto, Faro and Beja
user: Why is Lisbon a popular stopover for many foreign airlines?

assistant: geographical position
user: What entity supports and administrates Portugal's railway system?

assistant: Comboios de Portugal
user: How long is the total railway system in Portugal?

assistant: 2,791 km (1,734 mi)
user: How long is the amount of railway lines that are electrified?

assistant: 1,430 km (889 mi)
user: How long is the amount of railway lines that permit speeds greater than 120 km/h?

assistant: 900 km (559 mi)
user: What are the two subway systems in Portugal?

assistant: Lisbon Metro and Metro Sul do Tejo in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in the Porto Metropolitan Area
user: How long are each of the subway systems?

assistant: more than 35 km (22 mi)
user: By what company have the Lisbon tram services been supplies by?

assistant: Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa (Carris)
user: For how long has the Libon tram service existed?

assistant: over a century
user: In what type of network are most scientific research studies conducted in Portugal?

assistant: R&D units belonging to public universities and state-managed autonomous research institutions
user: What is one example of a state-managed autonomous research institution?

assistant: INETI – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação
user: By which ministry is authority granted for funding and managing Portugal's research system?

assistant: Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (MCTES)
user: What are two of the large non-state run research institutions in Portugal?

assistant: Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência and the Champalimaud Foundation
user: What is the Champalimaud Foundation?

assistant: neuroscience and oncology research centre
user: What does the Champalimaud Foundation award every year?

assistant: one of the highest monetary prizes of any science prize in the world
user: In what year was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded?

assistant: 1779
user: What is the name of the largest European aquarium?

assistant: Lisbon Oceanarium
user: What does the state agency Ciencia Viva promote?

assistant: scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population
user: What are some examples of notable organizations focused on scientific exhibitions?

assistant: Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium
user: What was responsible for creating thousands of scientific, technological, and knowledge-based businesses?

assistant: the emergence and growth of several science parks throughout the world
user: What are some examples of the science parks being built in Portugal?

assistant: Taguspark (in Oeiras), the Coimbra iParque (in Coimbra), the biocant (in Cantanhede), the Madeira Tecnopolo (in Funchal)
user: For what reason to companies locate in the Portuguese science parks?

assistant: take advantage of a variety of services ranging from financial and legal advice through to marketing and technological support
user: What are the two most considerable sources of renewable energy in Portugal?

assistant: wind and river power
user: Where was Moura Photovoltaic Power Station located?

assistant: Moura, in the south
user: By the end of 2006, what percentage of Portugal's energy production was from renewable sources?

assistant: 29%
user: What is the name of Portugal's national energy transmission company?

assistant: Redes Energéticas Nacionais (REN)
user: What does REN do?

assistant: uses sophisticated modeling to predict weather, especially wind patterns, and computer programs to calculate energy from the various renewable-energy plants
user: Through what renewable resource had Portugal generated electricity before the solar/wind revolution?

assistant: hydropower plants on its rivers
user: What is used to pump water uphill in Portugal?

assistant: wind-driven turbines
user: How did the Portuguese government encourage rooftop solar panels?

assistant: setting a premium price
user: What was the Portuguese population in 2011?

assistant: 10,562,178
user: What percentage of the Portuguese population in 2011 was female?

assistant: 52%
user: What percentage of the Portuguese population in 2011 was male?

assistant: 48%
user: What were the Moors who converted to Catholicism known as?

assistant: Mouriscos
user: In what group of people do the Portuguese have their origin?

assistant: Paleolithic peoples
user: When did people first start arriving in the European continent?

assistant: 45,000 years ago
user: What were two of the last territories Portugal gave up?

assistant: Angola and Mozambique
user: How many inhabitants did Portugal have by 2007?

assistant: 10,617,575
user: What other religious communities exist in Portugal?

assistant: Protestant, Latter-day Saint, Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Eastern Orthodox Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Baha'i, Buddhist, Jewish and Spiritist
user: What percentage of the Portuguese people identify as non-religious?

assistant: 6.8%
user: What percentage of the Portuguese population did not give an answer for their religion in the 2011 census?

assistant: 8.3%
user: In what centuries did the Roman Catholic Church play a role in the reconquest?

assistant: 13th and 14th
user: What changed the role and importance of organized religion in Portugal?

assistant: formation of the First Portuguese Republic
user: During what years did the formation of the First Portuguese Republic take place?

assistant: 1910–26
user: On what date did the Battle of Ourique take place?

assistant: 25 July 1139
user: Afonso heard Jesus promising what?

assistant: victories for the coming battles, as well as God's wish to act through Afonso
user: Why did God want to act through Afonso?

assistant: in order to create an empire which would carry His name to unknown lands
user: What was the common name of the Galician and Portuguese people?

assistant: Galician-Portuguese
user: By what group of people is Portuguese derived?

assistant: Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula
user: Between what years did Portugal establish a colonial and commercial empire?

assistant: 1415 and 1999
user: What percentage of college-age citizens attend a higher education institution in Portugal?

assistant: Over 35%
user: What percentage of college-age citizens attend a higher education institution in the United States?

assistant: 50%
user: What is the oldest engineering school of the Americas?

assistant: the Real Academia de Artilharia, Fortificação e Desenho of Rio de Janeiro
user: What is the oldest medical college in Asia?

assistant: the Escola Médico-Cirúrgica of Goa
user: Over what age are higher education applicants considered mature?

assistant: over 23 years old
user: What is the Ministry of Health responsible for?

assistant: developing health policy as well as managing the SNS
user: What are the regional health administrations in charge of?

assistant: implementing the national health policy objectives, developing guidelines and protocols and supervising health care delivery
user: What are the two main components of cardiovascular disease?

assistant: ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease
user: What percentage of Portuguese people die less often from cancer than in the Eur-A?

assistant: 12%
user: Who is cancer more common among in Portugal?

assistant: children as well as among women younger than 44 years
user: What survey results complement on data on health status?

assistant: self-reporting at the household level
user: What number of Portuguese adults rated their health as good or very good?

assistant: one third
user: Portugal modernized its public cultural facilities during what two decades?

assistant: 1990s and 2000s
user: In what year was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established?

assistant: 1956
user: Where was the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established?

assistant: Lisbon
user: What are some examples of Portugal's public cultural facilities?

assistant: Belém Cultural Centre in Lisbon, Serralves Foundation and the Casa da Música
user: What is the Manueline style?

assistant: a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century
user: What is Soft Portuguese style?

assistant: A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture
user: Who are some of the most renowned architects to come from Portugal?

assistant: Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira (both Pritzker Prize winners) and Gonçalo Byrne
user: For what is Tomas Taveira particularly noteworthy for in Portugal?

assistant: stadium design
user: Who are some examples of Portuguese film directors?

assistant: Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes
user: Who are some noted Portuguese actors?

assistant: Joaquim de Almeida, Daniela Ruah, Maria de Medeiros, Diogo Infante, Soraia Chaves, Ribeirinho, Lúcia Moniz, and Diogo Morgado
user: What epic poem did Luís de Camões write?

assistant: "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads)
user: What was Luís de Camões main influence?

assistant: Virgil's Aeneid
user: What styles are modern Portuguese poetry rooted in?

assistant: neoclassic and contemporary styles
user: Who are some modern Portuguese authors?

assistant: Almeida Garrett, Camilo Castelo Branco, Eça de Queiroz, Fernando Pessoa, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, António Lobo Antunes and Miguel Torga
user: Other than bacalhau, what are two other popular fish recipes in Portugal?

assistant: grilled sardines and caldeirada
user: What is caldeirada?

assistant: a potato-based stew that can be made from several types of fish
user: What meats are often used in Portuguese recipes?

assistant: beef, pork, lamb, or chicken
user: What are two popular Northern Portugal dishes?

assistant: arroz de sarrabulho (rice stewed in pigs blood) or the arroz de cabidela (rice and chickens meat stewed in chickens blood)
user: What are three examples of fast food dishes in Portugal?

assistant: Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches
user: Where does the Portuguese art of pastry have its origins?

assistant: in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country
user: What are the main ingredients used to make pastries in the monasteries?

assistant: almonds, flour, eggs and some liquor
user: What are two examples of Portuguese pastries?

assistant: pastéis de Belém (or pastéis de nata) originally from Lisbon, and ovos moles from Aveiro