johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: During what season in the Southern hemisphere is there a three-hour time difference between mainland Chile and the United Kingdom?

assistant: summer
user: Which two continents that comprise a majority of the population worldwide don't observe DST?

assistant: Asia and Africa
user: The lack of fluctuation in time for what daily event means regions of the world near the equator don't usually keep DST?

assistant: sunrise
user: What leader said daylight saving gives people more "opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness"?

assistant: Winston Churchill
user: What nickname have people in opposition to DST given it?

assistant: Daylight Slaving Time
user: In addition to the evening entertainment industry, people from what industry often oppose daylight saving?

assistant: agricultural
user: Traditionally, retailing, tourism, and what other industry have been in favor of DST?

assistant: sports
user: Along with energy crisis, what other significant historical event led to countries adopting DST?

assistant: war
user: Which political supporter of Willett's proposal had already used the half-hour version of DST at Sandringham?

assistant: Edward VII
user: What was the name of the director of the Meteorological Office who opposed DST?

assistant: Napier Shaw
user: What year did Parliament first take a vote and decide against implementing daylight savings?

assistant: 1909
user: Who was responsible for bringing a bill proposing DST to the U.S. House of Representatives?

assistant: Andrew Peters
user: What industrialist from Pittsburgh campaigned strongly in favor of DST?

assistant: Robert Garland
user: What year did the U.S. go to war, leading to wider acceptance of daylight savings?

assistant: 1917
user: What year did the United States finally adopt Daylight Saving Time?

assistant: 1918
user: Which country continued to observe DST nationwide despite the fact that the war had ended?

assistant: Britain
user: After what year was daylight savings repealed in the U.S.?

assistant: 1919
user: What sport did President Wilson enjoy that made him not want to give up DST?

assistant: golf
user: What U.S. city kept observing DST to stay in sync with London, leading Chicago and Cleveland to follow along?

assistant: New York
user: What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?

assistant: May 1965
user: What company joined Clorox in funding the Daylight Saving Time Coalition in the 1980s?

assistant: 7-Eleven
user: What year was the extension to U.S. daylight savings proposed by the DST Coalition?

assistant: 1987
user: What year did the U.S. see standardization of DST outside of wartime for the first time?

assistant: 1966
user: What percentage of Queensland voted against the daylight saving referendum in 1992?

assistant: 54.5%
user: What was the name of Queensland's political party set up solely to support their particular DST arrangement?

assistant: Daylight Saving for South East Queensland
user: In Australia, were rural or urban areas generally more strongly opposed to DST?

assistant: rural
user: What member of Queensland Parliament was responsible for finally bringing the DST for South East Queensland referendum to a vote?

assistant: Peter Wellington
user: What was the name of the organization that supported adding an additional hour to their clocks all year?

assistant: the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents
user: Joining farmers, what other kind of workers opposed SDST?

assistant: postal workers
user: What do Muslims call the month when they fast between sunup and sundown?

assistant: Ramadan
user: What would DST delay if observed during the Muslim holy month?

assistant: the evening dinner
user: What year did Russia decide to never turn its clocks back?

assistant: 2011
user: What country other than Russia declared they'd stay in DST all year?

assistant: Belarus
user: Which season's dark mornings led to people complaining about the switch from DST?

assistant: winter
user: What year did Russia give up on the all-year DST and go back to Standard Time?

assistant: 2014
user: Which group is more likely to support DST: urban workers or rural farmers?

assistant: urban workers
user: If people have more daylight in the evenings, what season might see a rise in outdoor activity?

assistant: summer
user: Would those in favor of DST argue that it causes people to use more electricity or saves energy?

assistant: saves energy
user: What major health risk do people who oppose DST say it increases?

assistant: heart attack
user: What profession is more likely to want to repeal DST: farmers or shopkeepers?

assistant: Farmers
user: What adjective would those against DST use to describe the energy savings touted by supporters?

assistant: inconclusive
user: What time of day do opponents of daylight savings believe is disrupted the most by the time shift?

assistant: morning
user: Most people agree that a standardized schedule by DST is more practical than trying to do what in the morning on our own?

assistant: get up earlier
user: What electronic device might people work their schedules around instead of paying close attention to DST?

assistant: television
user: During what season is DST usually not observed because of the detriments of dark mornings?

assistant: winter
user: What indirect benefit of DST might cause some areas to observe it even though they don't get any direct benefits like cost or energy savings?

assistant: coordination with others
user: What percentage of all electricity usage in the U.S. and Canada is from residential lighting?

assistant: 3.5%
user: DST will reduce electricity use in the evening but increase it during what time of the day?

assistant: morning
user: When DST was first proposed, what type of lighting was consuming the most electricity?

assistant: incandescent
user: Along with geography and economics, what variable often affects how much electricity an area uses?

assistant: climate
user: Whose satire that was published in 1784 pointed out that daylight saving would only reduce electricity usage if the increase in the mornings was less than the savings in the evenings?

assistant: Franklin
user: What happened regarding DST in 2007 in the United States that probably led to the DOE investigation?

assistant: extension of DST
user: What category of goods that are used in outdoor activities benefit from the extra hour of daylight from DST?

assistant: sporting goods
user: What organization predicted a $100 million increase for the golf sector because of extended DST?

assistant: the National Golf Foundation
user: What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?

assistant: 1984
user: According to a study in 1999, daylight savings has caused what approximate percentage of increase in leisure industry revenue in the European Union?

assistant: 3%
user: How much extra money from DST did Fortune predict for 7-Eleven on account of DST?

assistant: $30 million
user: Is it better to harvest grain before or after the morning dew evaporates?

assistant: after
user: Some farmers oppose DST because their farm laborers arrive to work and leave later or earlier?

assistant: earlier
user: Besides farmers, what other group of people set their schedules by the sun?

assistant: parents of young children
user: What year did a change in DST policy cost North America somewhere between $500 million and $1 billion in extra work?

assistant: 2007
user: Who is the economist who said there was about $1.7 billion in lost opportunity costs because of the 2007 changes?

assistant: William F. Shughart II
user: What have some people argued correlates with time shifts from daylight savings?

assistant: decreased economic efficiency
user: What do some call the effect that they say caused a one-day loss for stock exchanges of approximately $31 billion in the year 2000?

assistant: the daylight-saving effect
user: In what year did the NBS revisit the DOT's 1975 study and find traffic fatalities unaffected?

assistant: 1976
user: What organization made their own estimation in 1995 of a drop in traffic deaths by 1.2%?

assistant: the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
user: In the two weeks following the time change ending British Summer Time, what percentage hike is there in traffic accidents?

assistant: 11%
user: How much less, on average, do workers in the U.S. sleep on Mondays after switching to DST, according to the 2009 study?

assistant: 40 minutes
user: What did the LEAA say was reduced 10% to 13% in Washington, DC during daylight savings?

assistant: violent crime rate
user: How many cities of those the LEAA studied showed any reduction in crime?

assistant: one
user: In what decade did the LEAA conduct their investigation of crime and DST?

assistant: 1970s
user: There are more fires in the fall and winter because people burn more candles and turn what on to keep warm?

assistant: heating
user: In addition to smoke detectors, what do fire safety officials suggest people replace batteries in when they set their clocks twice a year?

assistant: carbon monoxide detectors
user: If your area doesn't observe DST, what can you use instead as a twice-yearly reminder?

assistant: the first days of spring and autumn
user: What should you check storage spaces in your home for twice-yearly?

assistant: hazardous materials
user: What do societies with standardized work schedules have more time for because of the increase in afternoon daylight from DST?

assistant: outdoor exercise
user: What chair of the Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation Fighting Blindness lobbied for an extension to daylight savings in the U.S.?

assistant: Gordon Gund
user: Some people say DST can help sufferers of depression because it encourages them to do what?

assistant: rise earlier
user: In 2005, what country used increased health risks as rationalization for getting rid of DST?

assistant: Kazakhstan
user: Which Russian president argued that the country should stay in DST year-round because of the stresses of time shifts?

assistant: Dmitri Medvedev
user: According to the Swedish study in 2008, for how many weekdays following the "spring forward" do you have a higher risk of heart attack?

assistant: three
user: Does DST mean more rush hour traffic is on the road before dawn or after?

assistant: before dawn
user: What kind of pollution is caused by emissions from cars while they're sitting in traffic?

assistant: air pollution
user: During the fall time shift from 02:00 to 01:00, how many times will a clock show the times between 01:00:00 and 01:59:59?

assistant: twice
user: What might a clock showing the same times twice in one day lead to?

assistant: confusion
user: What do people often have trouble remembering to do for DST?

assistant: change their clocks
user: What added complexity do people working across time zones have to keep track of?

assistant: multiple DST rules
user: What year did an accident occur at a German facility with molten steel because of the change to DST?

assistant: 1993
user: For how much more time was the molten steel supposed to cool when the computer mix-up happened in the German steel facility?

assistant: one hour
user: Who is responsible for testing and even making changing to computer programs when daylight saving rules change?

assistant: software developers
user: What time system do some computer systems use to avoid the issues of changes in local time?

assistant: Coordinated Universal Time
user: What type of computer systems use an internal clock based on UTC time?

assistant: Unix-based
user: Willett's first suggestion was to change clocks by 20 minutes how often?

assistant: weekly
user: What could be avoided by changing clocks more gradually more often?

assistant: Some clock-shift problems
user: Does daylight savings sometimes minimize or magnify the drawbacks of standard time?

assistant: magnify
user: Usually, it's recommended that we avoid the sun for how many hours before and after noon?

assistant: two
user: What kind of guidelines become less precise because of DST?

assistant: sun-exposure guidelines
user: When using a sundial, we must adjust the reading to reflect natural discrepancies and the effect of what other influence?

assistant: time zone
user: What author is credited with explaining the usage of daylight saving time and daylight savings time with an "s" in the English Journal of the (American) National Council of Teachers of English?

assistant: Richard Meade
user: In 1978, according to Meade, which form of the phrase was more commonly used: daylight saving time or daylight savings time?

assistant: daylight savings time
user: Which form of the phrase is more common in print publications?

assistant: daylight saving time
user: Joining Merriam-Webster's and the Oxford dictionary, the older form of the phrase without the "s" is still listed first in what dictionary?

assistant: American Heritage
user: Along with "daylight saving" and "daylight savings," what alternate form does Merriam-Webster's include?

assistant: daylight time
user: Which term did Willett use in his 1907 proposal to refer to DST?

assistant: daylight saving
user: What phrase had replaced daylight saving time by 1911 as Willett's proposal evolved into draft legislation?

assistant: summer time
user: What term do Italians use for DST that literally translates as "legal time"?

assistant: ora legale
user: What does the Italian term for their winter time, ora solare, translate to in English?

assistant: solar time
user: What usually changes when a place observes DST?

assistant: The name of local time
user: What word does American English swap out for "daylight" when referring to time zones?

assistant: standard
user: In American English, what is the equivalent of Pacific Standard Time?

assistant: Pacific Daylight Time
user: When the UK changes their clocks forward in the spring, what do they call the time they're then observing?

assistant: British Summer Time
user: What word is often added to the names of time zones when used in British English?

assistant: summer
user: What phrase is often used in North America when speaking about DST?

assistant: spring forward, fall back
user: What is a language like "spring forward, fall back" that acts as a trigger for memory called?

assistant: mnemonic
user: What does "spring forward, fall back" help people remember?

assistant: which direction to shift clocks
user: What did many existing computer systems that relied on time zones need because of the DST rule changes?

assistant: upgrades
user: In addition to calendaring programs, what kind of programs were most impacted by the changes?

assistant: email
user: Which professionals bore the brunt of the effort to upgrade systems affected by time changes?

assistant: corporate information technologists
user: What system of time do some applications use so they won't have problems with time changes?

assistant: UTC
user: By using UTC, applications get out of adjusting to changes around clock shifts and what other factor?

assistant: time zone differences
user: In addition to individual applications, what modern systems that control the basic functions of a computer typically use UTC?

assistant: operating systems
user: Where do most systems go to get the data they use to calculate local time?

assistant: the IANA time zone database
user: What two specific points of data do systems need to figure out to get local time?

assistant: date/time
user: The IANA database works by connecting names to what information about the location?

assistant: historical and predicted clock shifts
user: IANA, or zoneinfo, updates are installed as a part of what ordinary function when changes to DST policy are made?

assistant: system maintenance
user: What format is used to store internal time in systems that use zoneinfo?

assistant: timezone-independent epoch time
user: What's the name of the HP database that's similar to IANA but not compatible with it?

assistant: tztab
user: Less sophisticated systems might just support a TZ value with one start rule and how many end rules?

assistant: one
user: When must TZ values be changed on an older system?

assistant: whenever DST rules change
user: What does the TZ value EST5EDT,M3.2.0/02:00,M11.1.0/02:00 specify?

assistant: time for the eastern United States starting in 2007
user: What's might a new TZ value mishandle when it changes with new DST rules?

assistant: older timestamps
user: Similar to systems using zoneinfo, Microsoft Windows calculates DST by doing what?

assistant: specifying the name of a location
user: When does the table of rule sets the Windows operating system uses have to be updated?

assistant: when DST rules change
user: If your computer runs Vista, what's the maximum number of start and end rules you can have for each time zone setting?

assistant: two
user: If located in Canada somewhere where DST is observed, a system running Vista might mishandle time stamps that are older than what year?

assistant: 1987
user: On a system running Windows older than Vista, locations in Canada observing DST would only reliably support time stamps from after what year?

assistant: 2006
user: What single year did Windows 95 use to apply rules to Israel's time changes?

assistant: 1995
user: Because the schedule in Israel was always changing, what did Microsoft do with the release of Windows 98?

assistant: marked Israel as not having DST
user: How often would Israeli users running Windows 98 need to manually adjust the time on their machines to stay current?

assistant: twice a year
user: What law regulated the rules for time shifts in Israel according to the Jewish calendar?

assistant: The 2005 Israeli Daylight Saving Law
user: Although the schedule in Israel became predictable after 2005, there were still problems in Windows until Israel adjusted DST to what calendar in 2013?

assistant: the Gregorian calendar
user: Not using UTC, Windows can't multi boot with different versions of itself like you'd need to do to use what kind of disk?

assistant: a rescue boot disk
user: As opposed to providing support for users to have unique time zone settings, Windows will only allow for what?

assistant: a single system-wide setting
user: In what year did Microsoft imply that they would be making changes to support RealTimeIsUniversal in a step towards compatibility with UTC?

assistant: 2008
user: Since 2008, at least how many times has Microsoft released fixes for the RealTimeIsUniversal feature?

assistant: two
user: Under NTFS, what does Windows use for file time stamps in storage?

assistant: UTC
user: What time will a file be set to if it's copied from the hard disk onto other media?

assistant: current local time
user: What phrase describes keeping adjusted summer hours year-round?

assistant: permanent daylight saving time
user: Proponents of permanent DST say it has all the advantages of regular DST without the issues some people have from what bi-annual occurrences?

assistant: time shifts
user: In year-round DST, would sunrise happen early or late compared to most places?

assistant: late
user: During what time period did Russia use permanent DST?

assistant: 2011 to 2014
user: In what season in areas observing permanent daylight saving time will it stay dark the latest in the morning?

assistant: winter
user: In which direction do countries like Russia and Argentina shift their time zones that could be considered all-year DST?

assistant: westward
user: About how many minutes does Saskatoon, Saskatchewan stay ahead of mean solar time?

assistant: 67
user: Places like northeast India that shift time zones to the east could be considered to be observing what kind of DST?

assistant: negative DST
user: What year did Ireland and the UK give up on their permanent DST experiment?

assistant: 1971
user: Places like Spain and parts of France effectively go by DST in the winter but add what in the summer?

assistant: an extra hour
user: During the summer in Nome, about how many hours ahead of the sun do they set their clocks?

assistant: three
user: What term was used in Britain for double daylight saving time?

assistant: Double Summer Time
user: What's a third name for double daylight saving time or Double Summer Time used in Europe?

assistant: Central European Midsummer Time
user: What was Riba's first name?

assistant: Institute of British Architects in London
user: In terms of profession, what were people like Philip Hardwick, William Adams Nicholson and Thomas de Grey?

assistant: Architects
user: What caused the change of the Institute's name?

assistant: the grant of the royal charter
user: When was the mention of London removed from the Royal Institute's name?

assistant: 1892
user: Who opened the structure in which the Royal Institute is currently housed?

assistant: King George V and Queen Mary
user: In what years was the Royal Institute issued supplemental charters?

assistant: 1887, 1909 and 1925
user: What term characterizes the nature of changes to the charter after 1971?

assistant: minor amendments
user: What was the central aim of the Royal Institute?

assistant: the general advancement of Civil Architecture
user: What document set forth the goals of the Royal Institute?

assistant: The original Charter of 1837
user: What was the Royal Institute responsible for doing with regards to the development of knowledge related to architecture?

assistant: promoting and facilitating
user: What sets forth the standards by which the Royal Institute functions?

assistant: the Byelaws
user: What guidelines for the Royal Institute are updated most often?

assistant: the Byelaws
user: What is necessary to make any changes to either document which governs the operations of the Royal Institute?

assistant: the Privy Council's approval
user: What was the first Latin phrase used by the Royal Institute?

assistant: Usui civium decori urbium
user: Who is responsible for the use of 'usui civium decori urbium'?

assistant: Thomas Leverton Donaldson
user: Who reworked the Royal Institute's medal desgin in 1931?

assistant: Eric Gill
user: When did Joan Hassall redesign the Royal Institute's medal?

assistant: 1960
user: What organization was the Royal Institute instrumental in establishing?

assistant: the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom
user: Which items of legislation did the Royal Institute play a large role in promoting?

assistant: the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938
user: Where did Lional Bailey Budden teach?

assistant: the Liverpool University School of Architecture
user: What major compendium did Budden help write an article for?

assistant: Encyclopædia Britannica
user: In 1934, what percentage of architects were members of professional organizations?

assistant: 80 per cent
user: Who did Barnes believe was best able to advance the interests of architects?

assistant: architectural associations
user: What specific institution did Barnes indicate could not be a rival of the Royal Institute?

assistant: ARCUK
user: When does the Royal Institute's Guide indicate the first RIBA Board was established?

assistant: 1904
user: What school document had to meet the standards of the Board for admittance?

assistant: syllabus
user: What was necessary for testing in schools applying to the RIBA Board?

assistant: an approved external examiner
user: What body carried out on-site inspection of member schools of the RIBA Board?

assistant: Visiting Board
user: What organization's policies regarding acceptance of professional qualifications prompted thoughts of revamping ARCUK?

assistant: European Union
user: What was the name of the legistlation leading to the change in ARCUK's name?

assistant: the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act
user: What was shut down as a result of legislation changing the name of ARCUK?

assistant: the ARCUK Board of Architectural Education
user: What was the new name given to ARCUK in the '90s?

assistant: Architects Registration Board
user: What is the function of the Royal Institute's Visiting Boards?

assistant: to assess courses for exemption from the RIBA's examinations in architecture
user: When did the Royal Institute and ARB reach accord on a shared body of criteria?

assistant: 2011