johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: Along with Bing Crosby, Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, The Carpenters, Percy Faith and Andy Williams, who is an artist played on AC stations around Christmastime but not otherwise?

assistant: Johnny Mathis
user: When does Christmas music on AC format stations usually begin?

assistant: the week before Thanksgiving Day
user: When is the earlier of the two times that Christmas music on adult contemporary stations typically ends?

assistant: after Christmas Day
user: When is the later of the two times that Christmas music on adult contemporary stations usually ends?

assistant: New Year's Day
user: When is the earliest an AC station will switch to a Christmas format?

assistant: the beginning of November
user: What two formats pioneered the Christmas music tradition in the 1960s?

assistant: beautiful music and easy listening
user: In what century was the term matter defined excluding energy phenomena like light and sound?

assistant: 20th
user: What term is used for the substance that composes all observable physical objects?

assistant: matter
user: The mass of an object can come from the motion of its constituents or what other source?

assistant: interaction energies
user: What term is used to describe the type of definition that matter would have if all scientists could agree on its definition?

assistant: universal
user: Prior to the 20th century, the definition of matter included any object that had mass even when it was in what state? 

assistant: at rest
user: What kind of particles make up every object in the world that can be touched?

assistant: atoms
user: The smaller particles that make up atoms, like protons and neutrons, are what kind of particles?

assistant: subatomic
user: Despite not having size or volume themselves, quarks and leptons contribute to what measure of composite particles in matter?

assistant: volume
user: What new phase of matter can be considered with a focus on elementary particles?

assistant: quark–gluon plasma
user: What is the theory that matter is made up of discrete building blocks called?

assistant: particulate theory of matter
user: What colleague of Democritus, also a Greek philosopher, helped him propose the particulate theory of matter?

assistant: Leucippus
user: People have been wondering about the nature of matter for the entire history of what branch of science?

assistant: natural sciences
user: What similar term is often used interchangeably with matter, although the two differ slightly in modern physics?

assistant: mass
user: Being a conserved quantity means that the value of mass doesn't ever change as long as it's in what kind of system?

assistant: closed
user: What planet isn't a closed system but sometimes appears to be because of the approximate conservation of matter?

assistant: Earth
user: What term does science not have a universally-accepted scientific definition for?

assistant: matter
user: Sometimes scientific terms were historically considered in ways we know now aren't compatible because scientists didn't need to distinguish matter from what other term?

assistant: mass
user: What word do physicists sometimes consider to be defined as particles exhibiting rest mass?

assistant: matter
user: What duality describes the conflicting properties of matter in the fields of chemistry and physics?

assistant: wave–particle duality
user: Quarks and leptons are sometimes considered matter because they can't travel at what speed?

assistant: the speed of light
user: What was Westminster Abbey's original name?

assistant: Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster
user: In what years was the Abbey considered a cathedral?

assistant: Between 1540 and 1556
user: What is the formal name of Westminster Abbey?

assistant: the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster
user: When was Westminster Abbey a cathedral?

assistant: Between 1540 and 1556
user: What has been the status of Westminster Abbey since 1560?

assistant: Church of England "Royal Peculiar"
user: What was the area previously named?

assistant: Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)
user: Who was the Bishop in this time frame?

assistant: Mellitus, a Bishop of London
user: What is the meaning of Thorn Ey?

assistant: Thorn Island
user: What was the name of the fisherman in lore that saw a vision of Saint Peter near the Abbey?

assistant: Aldrich
user: Who, till this day still gives the Abbey a fish?

assistant: Fishmonger's Company
user: Who along with the King Edgar established the monks at the Abbey?

assistant: Saint Dunstan
user: Who supposedly had a vison of Saint Peter on the River Thames?

assistant: Aldrich
user: What was the date of the Abbey's coronation? 

assistant: 28 December 1065
user: Who was the first recorded coronation at the Abbey?

assistant: William the Conqueror
user: What King restored the Abbey in the years 1042 and 1052?

assistant: King Edward the Confessor
user: When did King Edward the Confessor die?

assistant: 5 January 1066
user: Who were the first monarchs crowned at Westminster Abbey?

assistant: Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror
user: Which two reigning monarchs had weddings at the abbey?

assistant: Henry I and Richard II
user: Where is the only existant depiction of Edward's abbey?

assistant: Bayeux Tapestry
user: What was the original size of Dunstan's original monk community?

assistant: a dozen
user: Who became a powerful force after the Norman Conquest?

assistant: The abbot and monks
user: The Palace of Westminster was the seat of what from the later 12th century?

assistant: government
user: With what kind of life were the Benedictines allowed to identify?

assistant: secular
user: What did the abbot remain as a town built around the abbey?

assistant: Lord of the Manor of Westminster
user: Who was reigning when Henry Yevele finished his work on the abbey?

assistant: Richard II
user: What kind of pavement was commissioned for in front of the High Altar?

assistant: Cosmati
user: What played a large role in King Edward the Confessor's canonisation?

assistant: The Confessor's shrine
user: Who was the Perpendicular style chapel dedicated to?

assistant: Blessed Virgin Mary
user: What part of France did the Caen stone come from?

assistant: Caen
user: When was the abbey's annual income £2400–2800?

assistant: 1535
user: What was the abbey's annual income as of 2016?

assistant: £1,310,000 to £1,530,000
user: To which other abbey was Westminster Abbey second in wealth?

assistant: Glastonbury Abbey
user: During what was the abbey made second in wealth?

assistant: the assessment attendant on the Dissolution of the Monasteries
user: The abbey was recognised as what until 1556?

assistant: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London
user: The abbey was regiven to the Benedictines under whom?

assistant: Mary I of England
user: Who ejected the Benedictines again in 1559?

assistant: Elizabeth I
user: What was the new name of the abbey when Elizabeth I reestablished it?

assistant: Collegiate Church of St Peter
user: Who was made the first dean of the new church?

assistant: The last of Mary's abbots
user: Who had a fancy funeral at the abbey in 1658?

assistant: Oliver Cromwell
user: When were the western towers built?

assistant: between 1722 and 1745
user: What kind of marble was used for the walls and floors of the abbey?

assistant: Purbeck
user: Under whom did the 19th century rebulding occur?

assistant: Sir George Gilbert Scott
user: What was designed for the west front of the abbey but not built?

assistant: A narthex
user: Westminster Abbey was the third highest place of learning after which two places?

assistant: Oxford and Cambridge
user: The first third of what was translated at the abbey?

assistant: King James Bible Old Testament
user: The New English Bible was composed at the abbey during what time?

assistant: 20th century
user: Westminster Abbey suffered damage during what on 15 November 1940?

assistant: the Blitz
user: Who painted the icons hung in the abbey in the 1990s?

assistant: Sergei Fyodorov
user: What was held at the abbey on 6 September 1997?

assistant: funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales
user: On what date did the first pope set foot in the abbey?

assistant: 17 September 2010
user: Who had taken control of London when Henry III was to be crowned?

assistant: French prince Louis
user: What is the name of the throne used for coronation?

assistant: King Edward's Chair
user: Upon what are kings of Scots coronated?

assistant: the Stone of Scone
user: Who created Westminster Abbey as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster?

assistant: Queen Elizabeth I
user: Who are the members of the chapter of Westminster?

assistant: the Dean and four canons residentiary
user: When was the office of Priest Vicar created?

assistant: 1970s
user: Geoffrey Chaucer was employed as what?

assistant: master of the King's Works
user: Oliver Cromwell began buring national figures in the abbey starting with whom?

assistant: Admiral Robert Blake
user: Who was buried in the abbey on 4 April 1727?

assistant: Isaac Newton
user: Who was buried in the abbey on 26 April 1882?

assistant: Charles Darwin
user: Who was buried in the abbey on 3 August 1833?

assistant: William Wilberforce
user: In the early 20th century it became more common to bury what kind of remains?

assistant: cremated
user: Who was buried in the south choir aisle in 2014?

assistant: Frances Challen
user: Where is the memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF?

assistant: At the east end of the Lady Chapel
user: The memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF has a window for what?

assistant: the Battle of Britain
user: The window for the Battle of Britain replaced what that was destroyed?

assistant: Tudor stained glass window
user: When was the formal funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales?

assistant: Saturday September 6, 1997
user: What are also in the precincts of Westminster Abbey?

assistant: Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School
user: Who required the Benedictine monks to maintain a charity school?

assistant: the Pope
user: When were the Benedictine monks required to maintain a charity school?

assistant: 1179
user: The choirboys of the abbey are trained where?

assistant: Westminster Abbey Choir School
user: What was included in the new organ from the previous Hill organ of 1848?

assistant: pipework
user: What part of the organ is not connected or playable?

assistant: the Celestial Organ
user: When were the two service bells cast?

assistant: 1585 and 1598
user: Who cast the Sanctus bell?

assistant: Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester
user: What kind of windows are in the chapter house?

assistant: 4-light quatre-foiled windows
user: The architecture of the chapter house is contemporary with what?

assistant: the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris
user: What kind of tiled pavement is in the chapter house?

assistant: mid-13th-century
user: What formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory?

assistant: The Pyx Chamber
user: When does the Pyx Chamber date to?

assistant: the late 11th century
user: When were newly minted coins presented to ensure they met standards?

assistant: the Trial of the Pyx
user: The Pyx Chamber and chapter house are under guardianship of whom?

assistant: English Heritage
user: Who cares for and manages the Pyx Chamber and chapter house?

assistant: the Dean and Chapter of Westminster
user: What is located in the vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory?

assistant: The Westminster Abbey Museum
user: The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when?

assistant: 1908
user: What belonging to Henry V is in the museum?

assistant: funeral saddle, helm and shield
user: What is the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing?

assistant: some of his own clothes
user: What was recently added to the museum exhibit?

assistant: 13th-century Westminster Retable
user: On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would not be continued?

assistant: 4 August 2010
user: Panter Hudspith refurbished a 14th-century foodstore into what?

assistant: a restaurant
user: What will be created in the medieval triforium?

assistant: The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries
user: What region is Nanjing in?

assistant: lower Yangtze River region
user: What part of China (North, East, South, West) is Nanjing located?

assistant: East
user: What does Nanjing have that is considered one of the world's biggest?

assistant: inland ports
user: What city was awarded the 2008 Habitat Scroll of Honour of China?

assistant: Nanjing
user: What city is considered to be the nominal capital of the Republic of China?

assistant: Nanjing
user: What mausoleum is in Nanjing?

assistant: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
user: What city was the capital of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era?

assistant: Nanjing
user: How long ago did "Nanjing Man" live?

assistant: more than 500 thousand years ago
user: What vessel was found 5000 years ago?

assistant: Zun, a kind of wine vessel
user: When was the the fort of Yuecheng built?

assistant: 473 BC
user: How long had Nanjing been the capital city of Yangzhou?

assistant: about 400 years
user: Who defeated Nanjing and took over in 280?

assistant: the Western Jin dynasty
user: What happened prior to the collapse of the Western Jin dynasty?

assistant: the unification of the region
user: Where did the Jin court re-establish itself, after fleeing?

assistant: Nanjing
user: How long was Nanjing the capital of the Southern dynasties?

assistant: more than two and a half centuries
user: During the time of the North–South division, what city was the center of East Asia?

assistant: Nanjing
user: During the time of the North–South division, how many households were in Nanjing?

assistant: 280,000 registered households
user: What is the estimated population of Nanjing during that time?

assistant: more than 1.4 million residents
user: What has survived in Nanjing's suburbs?

assistant: A number of sculptural ensembles
user: In what district are these sculptural pieces located?

assistant: Qixia and Jiangning District
user: Which piece is the best, in terms of preservation condition?

assistant: the ensemble of the Tomb of Xiao Xiu
user: Who was Xiao Xiu?

assistant: a brother of Emperor Wu of Liang
user: When was Nanjing made a capital again?

assistant: during the Southern Tang (937–976)
user: During what dynasty did Nanjing become a thriving textile city?

assistant: the Song dynasty
user: What was the name of the short-lived puppet court created by the Jurchens?

assistant: The court of Da Chu
user: Who was the first emperor of the Ming dynasty?

assistant: Zhu Yuanzhang
user: What did Zhu Yuanzhang build around the city of Nanjing?

assistant: long city wall
user: When was Nanjing considered to be the biggest city in the world?

assistant: from 1358 to 1425
user: What was the number of people in Nanjing in 1400?

assistant: 487,000
user: Who was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty?

assistant: the Yongle Emperor
user: What is the name of the famous mausoleum in Nanjing?

assistant: Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum
user: When was the Porcelain Tower destroyed?

assistant: in the 19th century
user: One possibility the Tower was destroyed was to prevent it's use by a hostile enemy. What is the other possibility?

assistant: superstitious fear of its geomantic properties
user: How far from Nanjing is the Yangshan Quarry?

assistant: 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city
user: What large item is abandoned at the Quarry?

assistant: a gigantic stele
user: What visiting king died in China in 1408?

assistant: (Boni 渤泥)
user: What stele is at Boni's tomb?

assistant: a tortoise stele
user: When did Beijing lose to Li Zicheng's rebel forces and the Manchu-led Qing dynasty?

assistant: 1644
user: What Ming prince was enthroned in Nanjing?

assistant: Zhu Yousong
user: When was Zhu Yousong enthroned?

assistant: in June 1644
user: What was Zhu Yousong's title?

assistant: the Hongguang Emperor
user: The Hongguang Emperor's reign was thought of as the first reign of what dynasty?

assistant: the so-called Southern Ming dynasty
user: When did the Hongguang Emperor leave Nanjing, having been defeated?

assistant: late May 1645
user: Who surrendered Nanjing to invaders on June 6?

assistant: Zhao the Earl of Xincheng
user: What did the Manchu's make all the men in the city do?

assistant: shave their heads
user: When was the Qing dynasty in power?

assistant: 1644–1911
user: What was Nanjing called during the Qing dynasty?

assistant: Jiangning
user: What emperors visited Nanjing more than once?

assistant: the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors
user: Who lived in buildings that would later come to be known as the Presidential Palace?

assistant: the Qing viceroy and the Taiping king
user: When did Qing troops regain Nanjing?

assistant: 1864
user: How many people died during the Qing troops retaking of Nanjing?

assistant: over 100,000
user: Qing troops allowed no rebels who spoke what dialect to surrender?

assistant: Taiping
user: Who was the leader of the Qing troops?

assistant: Zeng Guofan
user: Who was the first president of the Republic of China?

assistant: Sun Yat-sen
user: Who moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing?

assistant: Yuan Shikai
user: When was Nanjing re-established as the capital of the Republic of China?

assistant: 1927
user: What party established Nanjing as the capital of the Republic of China?

assistant: the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party)
user: Who was the leader of the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party)?

assistant: Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek
user: What are the 1930's known as, in China?

assistant: the Nanking decade
user: When did the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party) defeat and take over Beijing?

assistant: 1928
user: Who killed innocent civilians in the Nanking Massacre?

assistant: the Imperial Japanese Army
user: How many died in the Nanking Massacre?

assistant: between 300,000 and 350,000
user: When was the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall built?

assistant: 1985
user: When was the National Government of China moved to Chungking?

assistant: A few days before the fall of the city
user: Who was the leader of the Nanjing Regime?

assistant: Wang Jingwei
user: When did the KMT move back to Nanjing?

assistant: 1946
user: What was another name for the Nanjing Regime?

assistant: "Reorganized National Government of China"
user: When did the Communist troops cross the Yangtze River?

assistant: 21 April
user: When was Nanjing conquered by the Communist People's Liberation Army (PLA)?

assistant: April 23, 1949
user: Where did the KMT government stay until October 15?

assistant: Canton (Guangzhou)
user: How large is Nanjing, in miles?

assistant: 2,548 sq mi
user: Where does the Yangtze River flow in Nanjing?

assistant: past the west side and then north side
user: How far is Nanjing from Shanghai, in miles?

assistant: 190 mi
user: What is the name of the area of land around Nanjing?

assistant: Hsiajiang (下江, Downstream River) region
user: What province is to the west of Nanjing?

assistant: Anhui province
user: How many prefecture-size cities are in the province of Anhui?

assistant: five
user: What city is on the border of Nanjing to the East?

assistant: Zhenjiang
user: What is the east-west waterway near Nanjing?

assistant: Yangtze River
user: What is the railway that runs South to North called?

assistant: Nanjing–Beijing railway
user: What mountain is in the East are of Nanjing?

assistant: Zhong Mountain
user: Nanjing is one of three "Furnacelike" cities. What are the other two cities?

assistant: Chongqing and Wuhan
user: How many days of rain does Nanjing get a year, on average?

assistant: 115 days
user: How many hours of bright sunshine does Nanjing get each year?

assistant: 1,983 hours
user: Which minerals comprise 40 percent of those in the province?

assistant: iron and sulfur
user: For what mineral reserve does Nanjing rank first in both East Asia and the South East Asia areas?

assistant: strontium
user: What are Nanjing's main water sources?

assistant: the Yangtze River and groundwater
user: What lakes are in the middle of Nanjing?

assistant: Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake
user: Who convinced Sun Quan to make Nanjing his capital?

assistant: Liu Bei
user: What impressed Liu Bei so much about Nanjing?

assistant: Nanjing's impeccable geographic position
user: What is Nanjing surrounded by?

assistant: the Yangtze River and mountains
user: When did a thick wave of smog first appear in Central and Eastern China?

assistant: 2 December 2013
user: How long was Nanjing ranked as "severely polluted" during this wave?

assistant: five straight days
user: On what days did Nanjing have to issue a Red Alert because of the severe air pollution?

assistant: From 5 to 6 December
user: What is the full name for Nanjing's government?

assistant: "People's Government of Nanjing City"
user: Who is considered to be the governor of Nanjing?

assistant: the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary
user: who is the executive leader of Nanjing, working under the secretary?

assistant: the mayor
user: What was the population of Nanjing in 2010?

assistant: 8.005 million
user: What was the estimated population of Nanjing in 2011?

assistant: 8.11 million
user: How was the population figure for 2010 obtained?

assistant: the Sixth China Census
user: What was Nanjing's birth rate?

assistant: 8.86 percent
user: How many people were considered to be living in the urban portion of Nanjing?

assistant: 6.47 million
user: What is the second most common minority group in Nanjing?

assistant: Manchu
user: How many people of Manchu descent live in Nanjing?

assistant: 2,311
user: In addition to textiles, what other industry is Nanjing known for, since the Three Kingdoms period?

assistant: minting
user: Why is Nanjing so strong in textiles and minting?

assistant: its strategic geographical location and convenient transportation
user: During what dynasty was Nanjing the biggest business center in all of East Asia?

assistant: Ming
user: During the textile boom, how many jobs were created?

assistant: around 200 thousand jobs
user: In what time period did Nanjing transform from a producer to more of a consumer city?

assistant: Into the first half of the twentieth century
user: What mostly caused the shift to a consumer city?

assistant: the rapid expansion of its wealthy population
user: In what year did the revenue of food and entertainment eclipse the output of industry?

assistant: 1933
user: How much of the population worked in a service capacity at that time?

assistant: One third of the city population
user: What did the government build in Nanjing during the 1950's?

assistant: a series of state-owned heavy industries
user: The mistakes the government made during this period resulted in what type of growth?

assistant: negative economic growth
user: How many Pillar industries were there from the 1960s to the 1980s?

assistant: Five
user: The inability to compete with multinational firms led to what for workers?

assistant: large numbers of layoff
user: The government wanted Nanjing to be what kind of industrial city?

assistant: “world-class”
user: How much of the city's GDP do the service industries contribute to?

assistant: about 60 percent
user: Companies such as Huawei, ZTE and Lenovo have built what in Nanjing?

assistant: many R & D centers and institutions
user: Companies such as Ford, IBM, Lucent, Samsung and SAP have built what in Nanjing?

assistant: research center
user: The top 3 industries in Nanjing are?

assistant: financial industry, culture industry and tourism industry
user: What was Nanjing's GDP in 2013?

assistant: RMB 801 billion
user: What was Nanjing's GDP per person in 2013?

assistant: RMB 98,174(US$16041)
user: Was the GDP in 2013 an increase or decrease over 2012's levels?

assistant: increase
user: How was Nanjing's unemployment rate, compared to the nation as a whole?

assistant: lower than the national average
user: What was Nanjing's GDP ranking in all of China for 2013?

assistant: 12th
user: What are the three types of transport in Nanjing?

assistant: land, water and air
user: How many bridges does Nanjing have over the Yangtze River?

assistant: five
user: How many tunnels does Nanjing have over the Yangtze River?

assistant: two
user: Nanjing's railway is important, and is located in what region of China?

assistant: eastern China