johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: What forms can an isp be organized in?

assistant: commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned
user: What are some services provided by an isp?

assistant: Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation
user: Why was the internet developed?

assistant: a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities
user: what happened to the internet in the late 1980s?

assistant: a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet
user: how long after the introduction of the world wide web was 1995?

assistant: 4 years
user: where was the first commercial isp in the us located? 

assistant: Brookline, Massachusetts
user: what was the name of the first commercial isp in the us?

assistant: The World
user: What would the absence of net neutrality permit? 

assistant: ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content
user: what may possibly be a solution to net neutrality concerns? 

assistant: municipal broadband
user: what did the fcc choose to apply to the internet? 

assistant: Title II (common carrier)
user: When did the FCC rule on net neturality?

assistant: February 2015
user: what did the FCC adopt for the internet? 

assistant: Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934
user: what amendment did the chairman of the FCC compare this ruling to? 

assistant: the First Amendment
user: what did the FCC chairman say both the internet and the first amendment stand for?

assistant: free speech
user: When did the FCC publish its final rule on net neutrality regulations?

assistant: 13 April 2015
user: how do isps provide internet access?

assistant: a range of technologies to connect users to their network
user: what is one type of technology used to connect to the internet? 

assistant: television cable (CATV)
user: what type of technology is used to connect to the internet wirelessly? 

assistant: wireless Ethernet (wi-fi)
user: what traditional options were available for users and small businesses? 

assistant: copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface)
user: what is it called when fiber-optics are used for end users?

assistant: Fiber To The Home
user: who is served by dial-up, dsl, adsl, cable modems, or isdns?

assistant: users and small businesses
user: What type of customers would typically have more demanding requirements? 

assistant: medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs
user: what does atm stand for in relation to internet providers? 

assistant: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
user: what is high-speed dsl used for? 

assistant: customers with more demanding requirements
user: What is a mailbox provider? 

assistant: an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes
user: What is an organization that provides hosting of electronic mail domains? 

assistant: A mailbox provider
user: what is the purpose of a mailbox provider? 

assistant: It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email
user: How is access to mail provided? 

assistant: implementing Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and possibly providing access to messages through Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), the Post Office Protocol, Webmail, or a proprietary protocol.
user: who possibly controls their own mail servers? 

assistant: companies, universities, organizations, groups, and individuals
user: What do internet hosting services provide? 

assistant: email, web-hosting, or online storage services
user: Why does an ISP need to pay an upstream ISP?

assistant: An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP
user: What does an upstream ISP provide for an ISP?

assistant: access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to
user: what usually has a larger network, the ISP of the customer or the upstream ISP?

assistant: upstream ISPs
user: What is the simplest case of an ISP using an upstream ISP? 

assistant: transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network
user: what do transit ISPs provide? 

assistant: large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs
user: A mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching what?

assistant: a tier 1 carrier
user: What provides bandwidth for the connecting of hosting ISPs and access ISPs?

assistant: Transit ISPs
user: What technology is part of a WISP?

assistant: commonplace Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking, or proprietary equipment
user: What are some bands that Wi-Fi can operate over? 

assistant: 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 4.9, 5.2, 5.4, 5.7, and 5.8 GHz bands
user: What is peering? 

assistant: multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points
user: What does peering allow? 

assistant: routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted
user: Why is peering used? 

assistant: data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream ISP
user: Is a tradeoff between efficiency and cost possible? 

assistant: A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible
user: What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.?

assistant: PRISM
user: What does PRISM do? 

assistant: provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic
user: What do ISPs integrate into their network to provide information to intelligence agencies? 

assistant: a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment
user: What do DCSnet in the US and SORM in Russia do? 

assistant: allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time
user: In addition to onomatopoeia and captions, what can be used to show the dialogue in comics?

assistant: speech balloons
user: What type of comic has taken off in the 21st century?

assistant: online webcomics
user: The various sizes as well as how panels are arranged help with what aspect of comics?

assistant: narrative pacing
user: When did Rodolphe Töpffer create cartoons?

assistant: 1830s
user: When is the term comics considered singular rather than plural?

assistant: when it refers to the medium
user: The historical aspect of cartooning can be applied to mass reproduction or what?

assistant: recurring characters
user: Who is best known for being the first comics creator in Europe?

assistant: Rodolphe Töpffer
user: Who is considered to be the first comic creator in America?

assistant: Richard F. Outcault
user: When did Outcault's The Yellow Kid appear in newspapers?

assistant: 1890s
user: What style of comics did Japan have a long history with prior to World War II?

assistant: satirical
user: In France, what did historians find that they consider a precedent for comics?

assistant: Lascaux cave paintings
user: What Michelangelo work do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?

assistant: The Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel
user: In Egypt, historians consider what to be a precedent for comics?

assistant: hieroglyphs
user: In Rome, what do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?

assistant: Trajan's Column
user: What was the first illustrated humor periodical in Britain during the 19th century?

assistant: The Glasgow Looking Glass
user: Which comic character was the first to appear in a weekly magazine?

assistant: Ally Sloper
user: Which strip had a good deal of success as a comic strip?

assistant: Outcault's The Yellow Kid
user: What comic strip did Bud Fisher have success with?

assistant: Mutt and Jeff
user: Which comic book had success with its first superhero in 1938?

assistant: Action Comics
user: Which group was created after a Senate hearing on comic books content?

assistant: Comics Code Authority
user: What picture books from the 17th century show manga origins?

assistant: toba-e and kibyōshi picture books
user: Who started the first Japanese comic strip in modern times?

assistant: Rakuten Kitazawa
user: When did comic strips start appearing in hardback collection volumes?

assistant: 1930s
user: What comic strip was created by Osamu Tezuka?

assistant: Sazae-san
user: What is considered the start of the modern comics in Japan?

assistant: after World War II
user: What term can mean a non-fiction piece of a collection of short pieces?

assistant: graphic novels
user: When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons?

assistant: 1843
user: In which publication was cartoon first used to describe gag single-panel illustrations?

assistant: Punch
user: What did comics have in the United States because of cultural roots?

assistant: lowbrow reputation
user: What was thought to be only good for children and those who could not read or write?

assistant: Comics
user: What decade did the term "graphic novel" become well known by the public?

assistant: 1980s
user: In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular online?

assistant: webcomics
user: The popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term?

assistant: Maus
user: Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in 1827?

assistant: Rodolphe Töpffer
user: What 1925 cartoon made speech bubbles popular?

assistant: Zig et Puce
user: When was "The Adventures of Tintin" serialized?

assistant: 1929
user: In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what?

assistant: literacy
user: What became a best-seller comic in the French language?

assistant: Adventures of Asterix
user: Pilote cartoonists were upset with censorship and what?

assistant: editorial interference
user: Which historical overview did Seiki Hosokibara create?

assistant: Nihon Manga-Shi
user: When did Hosokibara create Nihon Manga-Shi?

assistant: 1924
user: What was created in 2001 to give students comic scholarships?

assistant: Japan Society for Studies in Cartoon and Comics
user: Who helped the rest of the world use the word manga outside of Japan's borders?

assistant: Frederik L. Schodt
user: What publication is Schodt responsible for?

assistant: Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics
user: Who put together a history of American comics in 1947?

assistant: Coulton Waugh
user: Who created a book about comics from a philosophical point of view?

assistant: David Carrier
user: What book did Will Eisner create in 1985?

assistant: Comics and Sequential Art
user: Not held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what?

assistant: infinite canvas
user: Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by some?

assistant: Wordless novels
user: A book with pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what?

assistant: Wordless novels
user: R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner and others are considered to be comic what?

assistant: Theorists
user: Comic critics, such as McCloud, stressed that sequences of what should be primary?

assistant: images
user: In the 1840s, Töpffer wrote theories about whose work?

assistant: his own
user: Who used a semiotics method to study comics in the 1970s?

assistant: Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle
user: Comic is used for what other kind of work other than humorous works?

assistant: non-humorous
user: What is the term that the English use for the comics out of Japan?

assistant: manga
user: What is the term that the English use for the comics that come out of Belgian?

assistant: bandes dessinées
user: Though one person typically creates the comic, there are usually a number of what involved in actually designing it?

assistant: specialists
user: What is a person called who does the initial pencil work for the artwork?

assistant: penciller
user: Timing and pace of comics is made by adjusting size, shape and what of panels?

assistant: arrangement
user: When a comic panel has events that are not at the same time the panel is considered to be what?

assistant: asynchronous
user: The presence of a single speech balloon in an image turns it into what?

assistant: comics
user: What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?

assistant: onomatopoeia
user: How big is Saint Helena tropical Island?

assistant: 16 by 8 kilometres
user: How many Boers were taken prisoner during the Second Boer War?

assistant: more than 5,000
user: Why was Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo imprisoned on the island?

assistant: leading a Zulu army against British rule
user: The environmental intervention was linked to the conceptualization of what process?

assistant: environmental change
user: What did the island have an abundance of when discovered?

assistant: trees and fresh water.
user: What was imported by the settlers of the island?

assistant: livestock, fruit trees and vegetables
user: What kind of buildings were built by the settlers?

assistant: a chapel and one or two houses.
user: What was the island a source of for ships travelling from Asia to Europe?

assistant: food
user: Who probably located the island on their final leg of their circumnavigation trip?

assistant: Englishman Sir Francis Drake
user: Who gave up calling at the island due to attacks on their shipping?

assistant: The Portuguese and Spanish
user: Who granted the English East company a character to govern the island?

assistant: Oliver Cromwell
user: Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?

assistant: East India Company
user: What was the name of the governor who suggested relocating the population of Saint Helena?

assistant: Isaac Pyke
user: What was the location that was suggested the population be moved too?

assistant: Mauritius
user: What captain visited the island in 1775 on their trip around the world?

assistant: James Cook
user: What church was erected in Jamestown in 1774?

assistant: St. James' Church
user: Who set up an astronomical observatory on Saint Helena?

assistant: Edmond Halley
user: How many feet was the telescope that was set up in the observatory?

assistant: 24
user: What hemisphere of stars did Edmond Halley want to study with the telescope?

assistant: Southern
user: What vessel resupplied at the Island in May 1771?

assistant: HMS Endeavour
user: How many coolie labourers were on the island by 1818?

assistant: 600
user: What was the population of the island in 1814?

assistant: 3,507
user: Where did Napoleon Bonaparte stay until he found permanent residence?

assistant: Briars pavilion
user: The EIC made what available to the government of the island between 1815 and 1830?

assistant: the packet schooner St Helena
user: The packet schooner St Helena brought supplies of what to the island?

assistant: wine and provisions
user: The emancipation of the slaves of Saint Helena did not take place until what year?

assistant: 1827
user: Over how many slaves ended up getting emancipated on Saint Helena?

assistant: 800
user: What act gave control of Saint Helena to the British Crown?

assistant: 1833 India Act
user: During the latter half of the 19th century what ships became prevalent that weren't dependent on trade winds?

assistant: steam ships
user: How many ships were going to the island in 1855?

assistant: 1,100
user: By 1889 how many ships were going to the island?

assistant: 288
user: Who established a naval station to cut down on African slave trade on the island in 1840?

assistant: British
user: Between 1840 and 1849 how many freed slaves landed on the island?

assistant: over 15,000
user: Which french emperor gained possession of Longwood house and the land surrounding it?

assistant: Napoleon III
user: What year did the French Emperor Napoleon III take control of Longwood house?

assistant: 1858
user: Who was the last resident of Longwood house before Napoleon III took it over?

assistant: Napoleon I
user: Who arrived in Jamestown during their solo round the world voyage?

assistant: Joshua Slocum
user: When did Joshua Slocum arrive in Jamestown?

assistant: 11 April 1898
user: When did Joshua Slocum depart from Jamestown to continue his trip?

assistant: 20 April 1898
user: What country does the local industry that manufactures fibre get their flax from?

assistant: New Zealand
user: What island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922?

assistant: Ascension Island
user: What was the name of the airport the United States built on Ascension Island?

assistant: Wideawake airport
user: The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry?

assistant: synthetic fibres
user: What year did the Union Castle shipping line slowly start to reduce their service calls to the island?

assistant: 1958
user: Which shipping company replaced Union-Castle Line mailship service?

assistant: Curnow Shipping
user: What right was lost by the citizen of the islands due to the act?

assistant: right of abode in Britain
user: What department was formed to help raise the living standards of the citizens in Saint Helena?

assistant: The Development and Economic Planning Department
user: Where was the only work outside of Saint Helena located?

assistant: Falkland Islands and Ascension Island
user: What year was the replacement for the RMS St Helena launched?

assistant: 1989
user: What route was the replacement RMS St Helena built for?

assistant: Cardiff–Cape Town route
user: What kind of layout did the RMS St Helena have?

assistant: a mixed cargo/passenger layout.
user: In 2002 what act granted full British citizenship to the citizens of the islands?

assistant: British Overseas Territories Act 2002
user: How much money was spent on construction of the island's airport?

assistant: 250 million
user: How many tourists are expected annually thanks to the airport?

assistant: up to 30,000
user: What is the closest international airport to Saint Helena called?

assistant: the Quatro de Fevereiro Airport
user: What area is the island classified as being in by the United Nations?

assistant: West Africa
user: How many feet high is the highest peak of Saint Helena?

assistant: 2,684
user: What was formed in 2002 to replant parts of the great wood?

assistant: Millennium Forest project
user: On average, how much lower are the temperatures in the central areas in celsius?

assistant: 5–6
user: What country did the British West Africa Squadron prevent slaves from being sent to?

assistant: Brazil
user: How many imported Chinese laborers were there at the peak of importation?

assistant: 618
user: What kind of citizenship do the citizens of Saint Helena hold?

assistant: British Overseas Territories citizenship
user: On what date was full British citizenship restored to the citizens of the island?

assistant: 21 May 2002
user: What act restored the full British citizenship of the citizens of Saint Helena?

assistant: British Overseas Territories Act 2002
user: What was there a long pattern of from the island starting during the post Napoleonic period?

assistant: emigration
user: When did the population of the island start to steadily decline?

assistant: late 1980s
user: What was a big factor in emmigration to the UK?

assistant: prospect of higher wages
user: When was the 150th anniversary of the diocese celebrated?

assistant: June 2009
user: Not only are most residents of the island members of the Anglican communion, but what else?

assistant: the Diocese of St Helena
user: What year did the Salvation Army show up on Saint Helenas?

assistant: 1884
user: How many Johovah's Witnesses were on the island?

assistant: 35
user: When did the Seventh-day Adventist arrive on the island?

assistant: 1949
user: When were proposals for a Chief Councillor put on hold?

assistant: 23 March 2013
user: Who is the only reigning Monarch to have visited the island?

assistant: King George VI
user: Prince Andrews, son of Prince Phillip visited in what year?

assistant: 1984
user: What did the government of Saint Helena fund in 2012?

assistant: St. Helena Human Rights Action Plan 2012-2015
user: What has been more prominently reported in recent years in Saint Helena?

assistant: reports of child abuse
user: Who has been accused of lying about the child abuse issue of Saint Helena?

assistant: Britain’s Foreign and Commonwealth Office
user: Who has Britain’s Foreign and Commonwealth Office been accused of lying to about child abuse?

assistant: the United Nations
user:  Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's list for future what?

assistant: UNESCO World Heritage Sites
user: How many lichen forming fungi have been recorded on the island?

assistant: more than 200
user: What kind of invertebrates have been found on the island?

assistant: freshwater, terrestrial and marine
user: Saint Helena's economy is now almost completely sustained by what?

assistant: aid from the British government
user: Tourism is completely based on what arriving to the island?

assistant: the RMS St Helena
user: What is Tungi Spirit made out of?

assistant: Opuntia ficus-indica
user: Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their own what?

assistant: postage stamps
user: What was the GDP of the island in 1999-2000?

assistant: £12 million
user: By 2006 the GDP had dropped to what?

assistant: £11 million
user: Imports to the island mostly occur from what countries?

assistant: the UK and South Africa
user: Tourists spent how much in  2004-05?

assistant: £0.4 million
user: How much was public expenditure on the island in 2001-2002?

assistant: £10 million
user: By 2005-06 public expenditure had risen to what?

assistant: £12 million
user: In 2012-2013, public expenditure was what?

assistant: £28m
user: UK aid had risen to how much in the same period?

assistant: £12.1 million
user:  Wages and salaries represent how much % of the island's expenditure?

assistant: 38%
user: How many individuals were unemployed on the island in 2013?

assistant: 31
user: What % of people are employed in the private sector in Saint Helena?

assistant: 45
user: What % of households were spending less than £20 per week in 2004

assistant: 8%
user: What % of the population claimed social security benefits in 2006/7?

assistant: 22
user: How many copper tokens were Issued in 1821?

assistant: 70,560
user: The government of Saint Helena produces it's own what?

assistant: coinage and banknotes
user: A large airfield is located on what portion of the island?

assistant: Ascension Island
user: What ship runs between Saint Helena and Cape town on 5 day voyages?

assistant: RMS Saint Helena
user: What year was the RMS Saint Helena supposed to be decommissioned?

assistant: 2010
user: What needs to be completed before the RMS Saint Helena can be decommissioned?

assistant: the airport
user: When was the construction of an airport in Saint Helena announced?

assistant: March 2005
user: Which governor departed to London to try to speed up the construction of the airport?

assistant: Andrew Gurr
user: When did the British government agree to help pay for the new airport in Saint Helena?

assistant: 22 July 2010
user: Which south african company is helping to engineer the airport? 

assistant: Basil Read
user: Which countries will be able to fly to Saint Helena using the airport?

assistant: South Africa and the UK
user: What kind of aircraft was the first to land at the new airport?

assistant: South African Beechcraft King Air 200
user: What date did the aircraft land at the new airport?

assistant: 15 September 2015
user: What are they calibrating via test flights at the airport?

assistant: the airport's radio navigation equipment.
user: Who conducted the first helicopter landing at the airfield?

assistant: Wildcat HMA.2 ZZ377
user: What kind of vehicle offers basic transportation to people in Saint Helena?

assistant: A minibus
user: On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?

assistant: weekdays
user: What day was Saint Helena Radio shut down?

assistant: 25 December 2012
user: Which company took over the channels vacated by Saint FM?

assistant: Saint FM Community Radio
user: What date did Saint FM Community Radio launch?

assistant: 10 March 2013
user: Who is partnered with Saint Helena online?

assistant: Saint FM and the St Helena Independent
user: How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have?

assistant: 17