johnmiceeee/5503h1 huggingface dataset:
user: What type of clothing does the British partnership with Beyoncé sell?

assistant: activewear
user: What national disaster caused Beyonce to create the Survivor Foundation?

assistant: Hurricane Katrina
user: How much cash did Beyonce put into the venture, the Survivor Foundation at startup?

assistant: 250,000
user: What hurricane years later after Katrina did the organization provide support for?

assistant: Ike
user: What did Beyonce and Rowland found in 2005?

assistant: the Survivor Foundation
user: How much did Beyonce initially contribute to the foundation?

assistant: $250,000
user: How has this foundation changed in recent years?

assistant: expanded to work with other charities
user: What foundation did Beyoncé start after Hurricane Katrina?

assistant: Survivor Foundation
user: How much money did Beyoncé contribute at the beginning of her Hurricane Katrina foundation?

assistant: $250,000.
user: What other hurricane did Beyoncé's foundation help with?

assistant: Hurricane Ike
user: Who did Beyonce participate with in the Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit?

assistant: George Clooney and Wyclef Jean
user: Beyonce opened a cosmetology center in what location?

assistant: Brooklyn Phoenix House
user: After Osama Bin Laden's death, what single did Beyonce cover?

assistant: God Bless the USA
user: How much did the T-shirt with Beyonce's image on it make? 

assistant: $1 million
user: What enterprise did Beyonce and her mother start on March 5, 2010?

assistant: Beyoncé Cosmetology Center at the Brooklyn Phoenix House
user: What charity benefited from  the release of the song, God Bless the USA?

assistant: New York Police and Fire Widows' and Children's Benefit Fund
user: What did she participate in with George Clooney?

assistant: Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit
user: Which two stars did Beyoncé help with their Haiti Earthquake organization?

assistant: George Clooney and Wyclef Jean
user: What did Beyoncé open at the Brooklyn Phoenix House in 2010?

assistant: Beyoncé Cosmetology Center
user: What Lee Greenwood song did Beyoncé cover after Osama bin Laden was killed?

assistant: God Bless the USA
user: Which national event caused Beyonce to produce "Demand a Plan?"

assistant: Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting
user: Beyonce is contributing to which food-donation campaign?

assistant: Miss a Meal
user: On June 1 , 2013 where was the concert held for "a Chime for Change"?

assistant: London
user: Beyonce was speaking about whom when she said her gift was "finding the best qualities in every human being."?

assistant: her mother
user: The Demand a Plan video campaign followed what tragic event?

assistant: Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.
user: What was the focus of the Gucci Chime for Change campaign?

assistant: spread female empowerment
user: What is the name of the campaign that Beyoncé and others are involved in that deals with gun control?

assistant: Demand A Plan
user: What school shooting prompted the creation of Demand A Plan?

assistant: Sandy Hook Elementary School
user: What song did Beyoncé donate to the 2012 World Humanitarian Day campaign?

assistant: I Was Here
user: Who did Beyoncé work with in 2013 on the Chime for Change campaign?

assistant: Salma Hayek and Frida Giannini
user: Where does the state's name come from?

assistant: Spanish word montaña (mountain)
user: Where does the state's name come from?

assistant: from the Spanish word montaña
user: How much of the states population does the "Big 7" have?

assistant: 35 percent
user: What city in Montana has over 100,000 people?

assistant: Billings
user: What two cities have a population over 50,000?

assistant: Missoula and Great Falls
user: How high is the Beartooth Plateau?

assistant: over 10,000 feet
user: What is the split in the State House of Representatives?

assistant: 59 to 41.
user: What is the split in the state Senate controller by the Republicans?

assistant: 29 to 21
user: What is the name of the busiest airport in Montana?

assistant: Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport
user: When did Bozeman Airport surpass Billings Logan as the largest busiest in Montana?

assistant: 2013
user: What is the name of the big game hunting foundation in Montana?

assistant: Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation
user: What two predators can be hunted in specific numbers?

assistant: wolves and mountain lions
user: Since when has Montana been a destination for trout fisheries?

assistant: 1930s
user: What type of fisheries does the state have?

assistant: trout and kokanee salmon fisheries
user: What Robert Redford movie was shot here in 1002?

assistant: A River Runs Through It
user: Where do the watersheds divide at?

assistant: Triple Divide Peak in Glacier National Park.
user: Near where do the rivers form up for the Missouri river merging?

assistant: Three Forks
user: Which year was the Fort Peck Reservoir designated a National Scenic River?

assistant: 1976
user: What is the name of the largest freshwater lake in western United States?

assistant: Flathead Lake
user: What is the name of the largest reservoir in the state?

assistant: Fort Peck Reservoir
user: What type of bear does Montana have the highest population of?

assistant: grizzly bear
user: How much precipitation does Heron recieve?

assistant: 34.70 inches
user: How much precipitation does the  Grinnell Glacier recieve?

assistant: 105 inches
user: About what percentage of the Native Americans in Montana live off the reservation?

assistant: 63%
user: What percentage of the population in Montana are Native peoples?

assistant: 6.5 percent
user: What three counties are Native Americans a majority?

assistant: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt
user: Between what years did the Native population increase by 27.9%

assistant: 1980 and 1990
user: What percentage of the population in Montana speak English?

assistant: 94.8 percent
user: ABout how many people in the state of Montana speak Cheyenne?

assistant: about 1,700
user: What percent of the state is Native American Indian?

assistant: 6.3 percent
user: Hispanics account for what percentage of Monatanas population?

assistant: 2.9
user: What was the population of the state in 2015?

assistant: 1,032,949
user: How much did the population increase since 2010?

assistant: 4.40%
user: What year was Jeannette Rankin vote against war the first time?

assistant: 1917
user: What were conscientious objectors sent to Montana to do?

assistant: smokejumpers and for other forest fire-fighting duties.
user: About how many bison were in Montana in 1870?

assistant: over 13 million
user: Who pleaded to Congress for slaughtering bison?

assistant: General Philip Sheridan
user: What year did General Sheridan approach Congress about killing bison?

assistant: 1875
user: What years were the railroad challenged by Chief Sitting Bull?

assistant: 1871, 1872 and 1873
user: What other three states were approved in the same year?

assistant: North Dakota, South Dakota and Washington
user: What year did the Homestead Act provide land to settlers?

assistant: 1862
user: Who promoted settlement in Montana in the early 1900s

assistant: James J. Hill
user: How much land was alloted in the new Enlarged Homestead Act?

assistant: 320 acres
user: What were these acts make do to laws?

assistant: criminalized criticism of the U.S. government, military, or symbols through speech or other means
user: How many of the 200 arrested in the Montana Act were convicted?

assistant: 78
user: How many Montanans entered the miltary in the first year of the war?

assistant: 40,000-plus
user: How many Montanans joined the military in the war total?

assistant: over 57,000
user: About how many Montanans  died in the war?

assistant: At least 1500
user: Who trained at the military grounds in Montana?

assistant: First Special Service Force or "Devil's Brigade,"
user: Where were air bases built in Montana?

assistant: Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank and Glasgow
user: In the judgement, it is stated that the aim of the Genocide Convention, at its most simplest, is preventing the destruction of which victims?

assistant: entire human groups
user: In addressing the issue of "in part," the Appeals Chamber found that the part must be a substantial part of what?

assistant: that group
user: Which phrase is especially contentious within international humanitarian law?

assistant: "in whole or in part"
user: What 2001 case was declared genocide by the International Criminal Tribune for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)?

assistant: Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic
user: Who contributed to guiding the Appeals chamber in its conclusion?

assistant: opinions of respected commentators
user: Two bodies of the United Nations agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide?

assistant: that biological-physical destruction was necessary
user: A definition of what, by the States, was necessary to preserve and expand genocidal law?

assistant: the type of group destruction
user: Which country's courts were noted by the ECHR for taking a wider stance on provisions of genocide laws?

assistant: Germany
user: The ECHR found most states to have largely undefined definitions of group destruction, despite what factor?

assistant: Convention States municipal laws
user: In its preparations, what was the source of other considerations by the ECHR?

assistant: the judgements of several international and municipal courts
user: In 1948, what general assembly resolution established genocide as a prosecutable act? 

assistant: the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
user: Following World War II, whose bid was successful in establishing the worldwide acceptance and the nascent legal definition of genocide?

assistant: Lemkin
user: Which group convened officially for the first time in 1946?

assistant: United Nations General Assembly
user: While recognizing genocide, what did the UN General Assembly fail to do in its resolution?

assistant: provide a legal definition of the crime
user: Which provision was initially included in the first write-up of the Convention and then removed?

assistant: political killings
user: What is one of the countries that objected to the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the Convention?

assistant: USSR
user: What was the primary concern of other nations who objected to including political groups in the definition of genocide?

assistant: international intervention in domestic politics
user: Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries opposed to including political genocide in the Convention?

assistant: William Schabas
user: What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to object to the provision of political killings drafted into the Convention?

assistant: its own Great Purge
user: Which group was accused by the ECHR of having an overly constricted idea of the meaning of destruction in defining genocide?

assistant: majority of legal scholars
user: What groups did the ECHR feel should be included as potential victims of genocide?

assistant: national, racial, religious or ethnic
user: In 2007 what former case did the European Court of Human Rights draw on to further refine qualifiers of genocide?

assistant: Jorgic v. Germany
user: What form of destruction was considered too limited by a smaller group of experts?

assistant: biological-physical
user: Prior to being a formal legal term, how was the word "genocide" used in an indictment scenario?

assistant: as a descriptive term
user: Who ultimately defined genocide as a series of strategies leading up to the annihilation of an entire group?

assistant: Lemming
user: Lemming's concept of genocide triggered legal action in which realm?

assistant: international relations and community
user: What relative term did LeVine coin to refer to cultural destruction, without the death of its members?

assistant: "ritualcide"
user: What elements of group existence, other than people themselves, can be targets of genocide?

assistant: language, culture, and economic infrastructure
user: What has been the primary focus in the study of genocide?

assistant: legal aspect of the term
user: In prosecuting genocide, what must the act be formally acknowledged as?

assistant: a crime
user: In a general aspect, what is genocide viewed as?

assistant: the deliberate killing of a certain group
user: In trials of genocidal crimes, what responsibly party is difficult to prosecute? 

assistant: officials in power of a state or area
user: Long before genocide was established as a legal term, what treaty was in place to protect various groups from persecution and mass killings?

assistant: the Peace of Westphalia
user: Why does genocide often go unpunished?

assistant: genocide is more often than not committed by the officials in power
user: Who was the Peace of Westphalia designed to protect?

assistant: ethnic, national, racial and in some instances religious groups
user: What is the etymology of the term "genocide"?

assistant: The word genocide is the combination of the Greek prefix geno- (meaning tribe or race) and caedere (the Latin word for to kill).
user: What is the definition of genocide?

assistant: a specific set of violent crimes that are committed against a certain group with the attempt to remove the entire group from existence or to destroy them
user: In 1941, how did Winston Churchill refer to the mass killings of Russian prisoners of war?

assistant: as "a crime without a name"
user: What was the name of the Polish-Jewish lawyer who first described Nazi atrocities as "genocide?" 

assistant: Raphael Lemkin
user: What is the etymological basis of the word "genocide?"

assistant: Greek prefix geno- (meaning tribe or race) and caedere (the Latin word for to kill)
user: As it pertains to violent crimes against targeted groups, what is the ultimate motivation within the actions of genocide?

assistant: to remove the entire group from existence or to destroy them
user: Several considerations were involved in meeting the requirement to determine what?  

assistant: when the targeted part is substantial enough
user: What is the key aspect of the targeted part of the group at the starting point of the inquiry? 

assistant: The numeric size
user: The number of people targeted in a genocide should not be solely evaluated by what?

assistant: absolute terms
user: In addition to the numeric size of a targeted group, what other consideration was useful to the ICTY?

assistant: prominence within the group
user: The issue of what is raised by judges in Paragraph 13? 

assistant: perpetrators' access to the victims
user: What is the basis for suggesting that several factors regarding the activity of the perpetrators be considered? 

assistant: historical examples of genocide
user: The extent of what by the perpetrators was considered in an examination of their activity and level of control?

assistant: possible extent of their reach
user: What will always be restricted in terms of a perpetrator's intent to destroy?

assistant: the opportunity presented to him
user: While the factor cannot independently indicate if the targeted group is substantial, it can do what?

assistant: inform the analysis
user: On which date did the Genocide Convention become effective?

assistant: 12 January 1951
user: Of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, how many were parties to the treaty?

assistant: only two
user: The delay in support by certain powerful members meant the Convention was largely powerless for over how many decades?

assistant: four
user: In 1998 it was written that the CPPCG was a legal entity resulting in which type of compromise?

assistant: a diplomatic compromise
user: Rather than a definition, the text of the treaty is considered as what type of tool?

assistant: a research tool
user: The writers Jonassohn and Bjornson cite various reasons for the lack of widespread support of what?

assistant: alternative definitions
user: What two writers examined the lack of an accepted and singular definition for genocide?

assistant: Jonassohn and Björnson
user: The two writers suggested that academics adjusted what in their different definitions to assist them in interpreting events? 

assistant: their focus
user: What writer joined Jonassohn in the study of the whole of human history?

assistant: Frank Chalk
user: With whom was Leo Kuper paired in research that focused on 20th century works?

assistant: R. J. Rummel
user: Two women and what man concentrated on post World War II events?

assistant: Ted Gurr
user: Some historians were critical of what exclusion in the definition of victims of genocide?

assistant: social and political groups
user: In what book did Kakar contend that the international definition of genocide was too narrow?

assistant: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response
user: Kakar argued that the definition should include any group defined by the perpetrator and which other group?

assistant: political groups
user: In the writing of Chalk and Jonassohn, what is stated to be a form of one-sided mass killing?

assistant: Genocide
user: In further elaborating on the definition, how did Chalk and Jonassohn phrase the intention of the perpetrator? 

assistant: intends to destroy a group
user: Harff and Gurr's definition of genocide included the promotion and execution of what, by a state or its agents?

assistant: policies
user: Harff and Gurr further defined what in terms of ethnicity, religion or nationality?

assistant: victimized groups
user: What was important to Harff and Gurr to distinguish from genocides?

assistant: politicides
user: Along with ethnicity and and religion, what other characteristic defined a member of a victimized group?

assistant: nationality
user: What did Harff define as "short-lived outbursts by mobs...?"

assistant: pogroms
user: In the writings of Rummel, what is the first and ordinary meaning of genocide?

assistant: murder by government
user: Rummel postulates that murder of people of government is due to national, ethnic, racial and which other membership?

assistant: religious group
user: The legal meaning of genocide is contained in which international treaty?

assistant: Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
user: Included in the CPPCG is non-killings that ultimately achieve what end?

assistant: eliminate the group
user: In the interpretation of non-killings, the CPPCG cites the forceful relocation of children along with what other factor?

assistant: preventing births
user: In terms of failed states and non-state actors, the possession of weapons of mass destruction was an issue examined by which writer?

assistant: Adrian Gallagher
user: In Gallagher's definition of genocide, a source of what is malicious in it implementation of the destruction of a group? 

assistant: collective power
user: The centrality of intent broadens what definition, beyond the 1948 one?

assistant: group identity
user: In order for a genocide classification to happen, a major part of a group has to be what?

assistant: destroyed
user: Signatories to the CPPC are required to prevent and punish what?

assistant: acts of genocide
user: During which times can a perpetrator of genocide be charged?

assistant: both in peace and wartime
user: In enforcing a charge of genocide, what loophole do many of the signatories possess?

assistant: no claim of genocide could be brought against them
user: What major western power is exempt from charges or claims of genocide against itself?

assistant: the United States
user: Along with Cyprus, what other major signatory official protested the the immunity of others from prosecution of genocide?

assistant: Norway
user: In 1948 the worldwide acceptance of international laws that defined and forbade genocide was promulgated by which treaty?

assistant: Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
user: Perpetrators who were tried after World War II were in general found guilty of crimes against what?

assistant: humanity
user: An example of a more specific genocidal crime of which one could be accused was what?

assistant: crimes like murder
user: After WWII criminals were largely prosecuted under CPPCG for their involvement in what massive genocidal effort?

assistant: the Holocaust
user: Who is notable for coining the term "Holocaust?"

assistant: Raphael Lemkin
user: Which court dismissed Nikola Jorgic's appeal against his conviction for genocide by a German court?

assistant: European Court of Human Rights
user: In Jorgic v. Germany, what about the German courts was later rejected by international courts hearing similar cases?

assistant: wider interpretation of genocide
user: The ECHR noted that among certain academics, what act carried out by the Serbs agains Bosnian Muslims and Croats did not constitute genocide?

assistant: ethnic cleansing
user: The ethnic cleansing perpetrated by the Serbs against Bosnia-Herzegovina was conducted with what ultimate goal in mind?

assistant: expel Muslims and Croats from their homes
user: Conversely the scholars who did view the Serbs' acts as constituting genocide, were backed up by what Tribunal?

assistant: the ICTY
user: In the 1990s, how many people were indicted for war crimes that were officially defined as genocide?

assistant: About 30
user: Convicted perpetrators Popovic and Beara were found guilty of genocide despite what evasive action?

assistant: several plea bargains
user: Tolimir was found guilty of both genocide and what other charge?

assistant: conspiracy to commit genocide
user: Another charge beyond the act of genocide and for which Krstic and Nikolic were found guilty was what?

assistant: aiding and abetting genocide
user: Three others were charged with participating in genocides in Bosnia by which country's courts?

assistant: German courts
user: What event occurred in March 2006 that essentially ended Milosevic's trial?

assistant: He died
user: With Milosevic dead, who did the ICTY next charge with crimes of genocide in 1995?

assistant: Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić
user: Had Milosevic not died, what charges might he have been convicted of?

assistant: genocide or complicity in genocide
user: Which former president was by far the most senior politician to be accused of genocidal crimes by the ICTY?

assistant: Slobodan Milošević
user: What court was established under the aegis of the United Nations to prosecute genocidal crimes in Rwanda?

assistant: International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
user: The prosecutorial efforts of the ICTR focused on genocidal acts that took place during which time period?

assistant: April 1994
user: the ICTR was created in November 1995 by which branch of the UN?

assistant: the Security Council of the United Nations
user: The ICTR was established for the purpose of convicting those responsible for acts of genocide and what other charges?

assistant: serious violations of the international law
user: The charges of genocide brought up by the ICTR were against what group of people?

assistant: Rwandan citizens
user: What has been widely debated as a possible act of genocide in Sudan?

assistant: situation in Darfur
user: In 2003 what well known U.S. Secretary of State declared the situation in Darfur as an act of genocide?

assistant: Colin Powell
user: What did UN Security Council Resolution 1564 authorize in 2004?

assistant: an International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur
user: Despite some concessions, what act did the Commission ultimately state that Sudan had not pursued?

assistant: genocidal policy
user: To whom did the Security Council officially refer the situation in Darfur?

assistant: Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court
user: China and what other permanent member of the Security Council abstained from the vote on the referral resolution?

assistant: the United States
user: In which number report to the Council did the Prosecutor concede that crimes had been committed but evidence for prosecution was insufficient?

assistant: his fourth report
user: In the build-up to genocide, what have other authors focused on?

assistant: structural conditions
user: Who revealed the starting points of this evolution to be economic deterioration and political confusion?

assistant: Ervin Staub