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In
Dammann
v.
Switzerland
,
no
.
77551/01
,
§
52
,
25
April
2006
,
the
Court
held
that
the
gathering
of
information
was
an
essential
preparatory
step
in
journalism
and
an
inherent
,
protected
part
of
press
freedom
(
see
also
Shapovalov
v.
Ukraine
,
no
.
45835/05
,
§
68
,
31
July
2012
)
.
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