Tokens: We
would
have
adopted
a
different
approach
.
In
order
to
assess
whether
a
measure
should
qualify
as
a
“
penalty
”
,
we
consider
that
the
Court
should
pay
attention
to
its
“
intrinsic
nature
”
(
see
Del
Río
Prada
v.
Spain
[
GC
]
,
no
.
42750/09
,
§
90
,
ECHR
2013
)
,
taking
into
account
“
the
domestic
law
as
a
whole
and
the
way
it
was
applied
at
the
material
time
”
(
see
Kafkaris
v.
Cyprus
[
GC
]
,
no
.
21906/04
,
§
145
,
ECHR
2008
)
.
It
is
,
in
other
words
,
on
the
basis
of
the
features
assigned
to
a
measure
by
domestic
law
that
the
Court
should
come
to
a
characterisation
of
that
measure
under
the
Convention
.
And
it
is
for
the
domestic
courts
to
explain
what
the
content
of
the
relevant
domestic
law
is
(
see
Hutchinson
v.
the
United
Kingdom
[
GC
]
,
no
.
57592/08
,
§
40
,
ECHR
2017
)
.
In
its
judgment
no
.
49
of
2015
,
the
Constitutional
Court
said
the
same
thing
,
by
stating
that
it
was
not
for
the
Strasbourg
Court
to
determine
the
meaning
of
domestic
law
,
but
only
to
verify
whether
domestic
law
,
as
defined
and
applied
by
the
domestic
courts
,
was
in
conformity
with
the
Convention
.
We
would
add
that
our
Court
can
only
depart
from
the
domestic
courts
’
interpretation
of
domestic
law
when
that
interpretation
is
arbitrary
or
manifestly
unreasonable
(
see
Anheuser‑Busch
Inc.
v.
Portugal
[
GC
]
,
no
.
73049/01
,
§
85
,
ECHR
2007‑I
;
Károly
Nagy
v.
Hungary
[
GC
]
,
no
.
56665/09
,
§
71
,
ECHR
2017
;
and
Radomilja
and
Others
v.
Croatia
[
GC
]
,
no
.
37685/10
,
§
149
,
20
March
2018
)
.
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