Tokens: (
b
)
The
argument
embodies
a
well
known
logical
fallacy
,
in
so
far
as
it
proceeds
on
the
basis
that
without
a
right
of
access
the
safeguards
for
a
trial
provided
for
by
Article
6.1
(
art
.
6
-
1
)
would
be
rendered
nugatory
and
objectless
,
-
so
that
the
one
must
necessarily
entail
the
other
.
This
is
merely
to
perpetuate
the
type
of
fallacy
arising
out
of
what
is
known
to
philosophers
as
the
"
King
of
France
"
paradox
,
-
the
paradox
of
a
sentence
which
,
linguistically
,
makes
sense
,
but
actually
is
absurd
,
namely
the
assertion
"
the
King
of
France
is
bald
"
.
The
paradox
vanishes
however
when
it
is
seen
that
the
assertion
in
no
way
logically
implies
that
there
is
a
King
of
France
,
but
merely
that
,
rightly
or
wrongly
,
if
there
is
one
,
he
is
bald
.
But
that
there
is
one
must
be
independently
established
;
and
,
as
is
well
known
,
there
is
in
fact
no
King
of
France
.
Similarly
,
one
could
provide
all
the
safeguards
in
the
world
for
the
well
being
of
the
King
of
France
,
did
he
exist
,
yet
the
fact
that
these
would
all
be
rendered
nugatory
and
objectless
did
he
not
do
so
,
would
in
no
way
establish
,
or
be
compelling
ground
for
saying
that
he
did
,
or
must
be
assumed
to
.
In
the
same
way
,
the
safeguards
for
a
fair
trial
provided
by
Article
6.1
(
art
.
6
-
1
)
will
operate
if
there
is
a
trial
,
and
if
not
,
not
.
They
in
no
way
entail
that
there
must
be
one
,
or
that
a
right
of
access
must
be
postulated
in
order
to
bring
one
about
.
The
Judgment
also
abounds
in
the
type
of
logical
fallacy
that
derives
B
from
A
because
A
does
not
in
terms
exclude
B.
But
non
-
exclusion
is
not
ipso
facto
inclusion
.
The
latter
still
remains
to
be
demonstrated
.
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