Tokens: (
vi
)
The
term
"
public
hearing
"
also
gives
rise
to
difficulties
if
Article
6.1
(
art
.
6
-
1
)
is
to
be
understood
as
providing
for
a
right
of
access
.
Confining
myself
here
to
the
case
of
civil
proceedings
,
the
term
"
public
"
suggests
a
hearing
on
the
merits
in
open
court
such
as
will
ordinarily
occur
if
the
proceedings
run
their
normal
course
.
But
as
has
been
seen
(
supra
,
paragraph
15
)
,
they
may
not
do
so
,
they
may
be
stopped
on
various
grounds
at
an
earlier
stage
.
The
point
is
that
if
they
are
,
this
will
very
often
not
be
at
any
public
hearing
,
but
before
a
minor
judicial
officer
or
a
judge
sitting
in
private
(
anglice
"
in
chambers
"
)
,
at
which
,
usually
,
only
the
parties
and
their
legal
advisers
will
be
present
.
If
therefore
a
right
of
access
were
held
to
be
implied
by
Article
6.1
(
art
.
6
-
1
)
,
this
might
,
on
the
language
of
the
Article
have
to
be
held
to
involve
a
sort
of
indefeasible
right
to
a
public
hearing
in
all
circumstances
,
anything
less
not
being
"
access
"
.
This
view
is
strongly
confirmed
by
the
tenour
of
the
second
sentence
of
Article
6.1
(
art
.
6
-
1
)
–
see
sub
-
paragraph
(
d
)
above
.
Here
therefore
is
one
of
the
connexions
in
which
the
correct
meaning
and
scope
of
a
right
of
access
has
not
been
thought
out
(
see
paragraphs
28
and
29
supra
)
,
-
failing
which
the
concept
lacks
both
clarity
and
certainty
.
It
is
also
the
connexion
in
which
Article
17
(
art
.
17
)
of
the
Convention
is
relevant
–
see
footnote
17
supra
,
and
sub
-
paragraph
(
b
)
of
the
present
paragraph
(
47
)
.
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