Tokens: 85
.
The
majority
divide
the
States
surveyed
into
three
groups
.
The
first
group
of
ten
States[223
]
permits
courts
to
issue
protective
measures
to
detain
individuals
who
have
some
degree
of
mental
disorder
,
albeit
not
to
such
a
degree
as
to
exclude
their
criminal
responsibility
,
have
been
convicted
of
a
serious
offence
and
are
found
by
the
authorities
to
pose
a
risk
to
themselves
or
others
.
Under
such
systems
,
protective
measures
can
be
imposed
in
addition
to
the
penalty
assigned
for
the
committed
crime
.
The
second
group
comprises
sixteen
States[224
]
which
,
while
sentencing
such
offenders
,
nevertheless
impose
measures
that
permit
the
sentence
to
be
served
in
a
specialised
psychiatric
institution
.
A
third
group
includes
five
States[225
]
where
individuals
who
commit
a
crime
while
suffering
from
a
mental
disorder
which
requires
compulsory
mental
health
treatment
must
be
treated
under
the
ordinary
civil
regime
for
the
mentally
ill
.
The
focus
of
the
research
study
is
on
the
first
group
.
Of
the
ten
countries
that
make
up
the
first
category
,
six[226
]
require
the
sentencing
court
’s
judgment
to
comprise
either
an
order
for
the
preventive
measure
itself
or
the
possibility
of
adopting
the
measure
by
the
end
of
the
prison
sentence
,
three[227
]
allow
the
measure
to
be
imposed
after
the
sentence
and
before
the
termination
of
the
execution
of
the
sentence
,
and
one
allows
both
,
depending
on
the
applicable
regime.[228
]
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