Tokens: 4
.
The
scientists
are
well
aware
of
the
epistemological
axiom
to
the
effect
that
no
consequence
in
the
real
world
is
“
caused
”
by
a
single
preliminarily
necessary
condition
.
Every
consequence
in
the
real
world
,
in
which
it
occurs
as
an
event
,
is
a
product
of
innumerable
necessary
conditions
which
,
by
definition
,
are
all
indispensable
if
the
consequence
in
question
is
to
occur
.
For
example
,
the
authors
of
the
Model
Penal
Code
of
the
United
States
of
America
have
,
many
decades
ago
,
in
fact
done
away
with
the
theory
of
causation
.
They
have
adopted
the
sine
qua
non
causation
theory
,
which
in
reality
is
the
denial
of
causation
itself
.
It
admits
as
a
legally
relevant
“
cause
”
any
necessary
(
s
ine
qua
non
)
condition
without
which
the
result
in
the
crime
in
question
,
for
example
death
,
would
not
have
occurred
.
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