Tokens: 23
.
The
National
Security
Act
does
not
provide
for
an
independent
authority
to
authorize
the
beginning
of
the
surveillance
operation
(
first
stage
or
ex
ante
review
stage
)
,
since
section
58
only
refers
to
the
Minister
of
Justice
as
the
sole
authority
to
decide
on
the
motion
for
a
secret
surveillance
measure
,
with
no
further
appeal
against
his
or
her
decision
being
admissible[42
]
.
The
legal
framework
does
not
include
an
examination
of
the
case
file
or
an
assessment
of
the
factual
and
legal
grounds
for
authorisation
of
the
secret
surveillance
measure
by
an
independent
authority
,
preferably
a
judge
,
as
paragraph
233
of
Roman
Zakharov
s
tated
,
following
Klass
and
Others
[
43
]
.
In
view
of
the
enlarged
consensus
in
international
law
mentioned
above
and
the
gravity
of
the
present
-
day
dangers
to
citizens
’
privacy
,
the
rule
of
law
and
democracy
,
the
time
has
come
not
to
dispense
with
the
fundamental
guarantee
of
judicial
authorisation
and
review
in
the
field
of
covert
surveillance
gathering[44
]
.
Obviously
,
the
judicial
guarantee
is
not
incongruous
with
an
additional
external
guarantee
of
political
,
e.g.
parliamentary
,
nature
.
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