domiciled.
 Proceedings may be brought by a seller against a buyer or by a lender against a borrower only in the courts of the State in which the defendant is domiciled.
 These provisions shall not affect the right to bring a counterclaim in the court in which, in accordance with this Section, the original claim is pending.
 Article 15
 The provisions of this Section may be departed from only by an agreement:
 1.
 which is entered into after the dispute has arisen or
 2.
 which allows the buyer or the borrower to bring proceedings in courts other than those indicated in this Section or
 3.
 which is concluded between a buyer and a seller, or between a borrower and a lender, both of whom are domiciled or habitually resident in the same Contracting State, and which confers jurisdiction on the courts of that State, provided that such an agreement is not contrary to the law of that State.
 Section 5
 Exclusive jurisdiction
 Article 16
 The following courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction, regardless of domicile:
 1.
 in proceedings which have as their object rights in rem in, or tenancies of, immovable property, the courts of the Contracting State in which the property is situated;
 2.
 in proceedings which have as their object the validity of the constitution, the nullity or the dissolution of companies or other legal persons or associations of natural or legal persons, or the decisions of their organs, the courts of the Contracting State in which the company, legal person or association has its seat;
 3.
 in proceedings which have as their object the validity of entries in public registers, the courts of the Contracting State in which the register is kept;
 4.
 in proceedings concerned with the registration or validity of patents, trade marks, designs, or other similar rights required to be deposited or registered, the courts of the Contracting State in which the deposit or registration has been applied for, has taken place or is under the terms of an international convention deemed to have taken place;
 5.
 in proceedings concerned with the enforcement of judgments, the courts of the Contracting State in which the judgment has been or is to be enforced.
 Section 6
 Prorogation of jurisdiction
 Article 17
 If the Parties, one or more of whom is domiciled in a Contracting State, have, by agreement in writing or by an oral agreement evidenced in writing, agreed that a court or the courts of a Contracting State are to have jurisdiction to settle any disputes which have arisen or which may arise in connection with a particular legal relationship, that court or those courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction.
 Agreements conferring jurisdiction shall have no legal force if they are contrary to the provisions of Article 12 or 15, or if the courts whose jurisdiction they purport to exclude have exclusive jurisdiction by virtue of Article 16.
 If the agreement conferring jurisdiction was concluded for the benefit of only one of the parties, that party shall