PENNACCHINI
 For Hans kongelige Højhed storhertugen af Luxembourg,
 Eugène SCHAUS
 For Hendes Majestæt dronningen af Nederlandene,
 C.H.F. POLAK
 CONVENTION
 on jurisdiction and the enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters
 THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES TO THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY,
 Desiring to implement the provisions of Article 220 of that Treaty by virtue of which they undertook to secure the simplification of formalities governing the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts or tribunals,
 Anxious to strengthen in the Community the legal protection of persons therein established,
 Considering that it is necessary for this purpose to determine the international jurisdiction of their courts, to facilitate recognition and to introduce an expeditious procedure for securing the enforcement of judgments, authentic instruments and court settlements,
 HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS:
 Mr Pierre HARMEL,
 Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY:
 Mr Willy BRANDT,
 Vice-Chancellor, Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC:
 Mr Michel DEBRÉ,
 Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC:
 Mr Giuseppe MEDICI,
 Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG:
 Mr Pierre GRÉGOIRE
 Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS:
 Mr J.M.A.H. LUNS,
 Minister for Foreign Affairs;
 HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
 TITLE I
 SCOPE
 Article 1
 This Convention shall apply in civil and commercial matters whatever the nature of the court or tribunal.
 The Convention shall not apply to:
 1.
 the status or legal capacity of natural persons, rights in property arising out of a matrimonial relationship, wills and succession;
 2.
 bankruptcy, proceedings relating to the winding-up of insolvent companies or other legal persons, judicial arrangements, compositions and analogous proceedings;
 3.
 social security;
 4.
 arbitration.
 TITLE II
 JURISDICTION
 Section 1
 General provisions
 Article 2
 Subject to the provisions of this Convention, persons domiciled in a Contracting State shall, whatever their nationality, be sued in the courts of that State.
 Persons who are not nationals of the State in which they are domiciled shall be governed by the rules of jurisdiction applicable to nationals of that State.
 Article 3
 Persons domiciled in a Contracting State may be sued in the courts of another Contracting State only by virtue of the rules set out in Sections 2 to 6 of this Title.
 In particular the following provisions shall not be applicable as against them:
 —
 in Belgium: Article 15 of the civil code (Code civil), or the provisions of Articles 52, 52 bis and 53 of the law of 25 March 1976 on jurisdiction (loi sur la compétence);
 —
 in the Federal Republic of Germany: Article 23 of the code of civil procedure (Zivilprozeßordnung);
 —
 in France: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (Code civil);
 —
 in Italy: Article 2 and Article 4, Nos 1 and 2, of the code of civil procedure (Codice di procedura civile);
 —
 in Luxembourg: Articles 14 and 15 of the civil code (Code civil);
 —
 in the Netherlands: Articles