Μάργκαρετ Ράδερφορντ

Η Μάργκαρετ Ράδερφορντ (Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford, 11 Μαΐου 1892 – 22 Μαΐου 1972) ήταν Αγγλίδα ηθοποιός της τηλεόρασης, του θεάτρου, του κινηματογράφου. Απέκτησε φήμη μετά τον Β΄ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο με τη συμμετοχή της στην κινηματογραφική μεταφορά του θεατρικού του Νόελ Κάουαρντ To Πονηρό Πνεύμα (Blithe Spirit, 1945) και του Όσκαρ Ουάιλντ Ο Σοβαρός Κύριος Ερνέστος (The Importance of Being Earnest, 1952). Κέρδισε το Όσκαρ και τη Χρυσή Σφαίρα Β' Γυναικείου Ρόλου για τον ρόλο της ως Duchess of Brighton στην ταινία Διεθνές Ξενοδοχείο (The V.I.P.s, 1963). Στις αρχές της δεκαετίας 1960 πρωταγωνίστησε ως Μις Μαρπλ σε τέσσερις ταινίες του Τζορτζ Πόλοκ. Η ηθοποιός έχει επίσης τιμηθεί από τη Βασίλισσα της Αγγλίας με τον ανώτερο τίτλο τιμής της Βρετανίας, Ντέιμ.

Θέατρο 
A student at the Old Vic Theatre School, playing walk-ons and small parts in various shows, 1925–26
Understudy for Mabel Terry-Lewis at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, 1928
A season with the English Repertory Players at the Grand Theatre, Fulham, 1929
Little Theatre, Epsom, 1930
A season in rep at the Oxford Playhouse, 1930–31
A season in rep in Croydon, 1931
A season with the Greater London Players, 1932
Mrs Read in Wild Justice at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, 1933
Birthday (understudy to Jean Cadell and Muriel Aked), at the Cambridge Theatre, 1934
Aline Solness in The Master Builder at the Embassy Theatre, Swiss Cottage, 1934
Lady Nancy in Hervey House at His Majesty's Theatre, 1935
Miss Flower in Short Story at the Queen's Theatre, 1935
Mrs Palmai in Farewell Performance at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, 1936
Aunt Bella in Tavern in the Town at the Embassy Theatre, Swiss Cottage, 1937
Emily Deveral in Up the Garden Path at the Embassy Theatre, Swiss Cottage, 1937
The Mother in The Melody That Got Lost at the Phoenix Theatre, 1938
Bijou Furze in Spring Meeting at the Ambassadors Theatre, 1938
Miss Prism in The Importance of Being Earnest at the Globe Theatre, 1939
Mrs Danvers in Rebecca at the Queen's Theatre, 1940
Madame Arcati in Blithe Spirit at the Piccadilly Theatre, 1941
ENSA tour of France and Belgium, 1944
Queen of Hearts and White Queen in Alice in Wonderland at the Palace Theatre, 1944
Lady Charlotte Fayre in Perchance to Dream at the London Hippodrome, 1945
Miss Prism in The Importance of Being Earnest at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1946
Lady Bracknell in The Importance of Being Earnest at the Royale Theatre, New York, 1947
Evelyn Whitchurch in The Happiest Days of Your Life at the Apollo Theatre, 1948
Madame Desmortes in Ring Round the Moon at the Globe Theatre, 1950
The title role in Miss Hargreaves at the Royal Court Theatre and New Theatre, 1952
Lady Wishfort in The Way of the World at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, 1953
White Queen in Alice Through the Looking Glass at the Prince's Theatre, 1954
Duchess of Pont-au-Bronc in Time Remembered at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith and New Theatre, 1954
Mirabelle Petersham in A Likely Tale at the Globe Theatre, 1956
Lady Wishfort in The Way of the World at the Saville Theatre, 1956
Lady Bracknell in The Importance of Being Earnest on UK tour (Dublin, Limerick, Belfast, Edinburgh, Leeds, Liverpool, Eastbourne and Bournemouth), 1957
The Happiest Days of Your Life and Time Remembered on tour of Australia, 1957
Minerva Goody (Povis) in Farewell, Farewell Eugene at the Garrick Theatre, 1959
Minerva Goody (Povis) in Farewell, Farewell Eugene at the Helen Hayes Theatre, New York, 1960
Bijou Furze in Dazzling Prospect at the Globe Theatre, 1961
The Marquise in Our Little Life at the Manoel Theatre in Valletta, Malta and the Pembroke Theatre, Croydon, 1961
Mrs Candour in The School for Scandal at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1962
Mrs Laura Partridge in The Solid Gold Cadillac at the Saville Theatre, 1965
Mrs Heidelberg in The Clandestine Marriage at the Chichester Festival Theatre, 1966
Mrs Malaprop in The Rivals at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1966

Φιλμογραφία

Κληρονομιά 
For One Night Only: Margaret Rutherford. Η Μάργκαρετ Ράδερφορντ (Timothy Spall in drag) αφηγείται την ιστορία της ζωής της μπροστά σε κοινό. Without Walls TV Series (UK) 5 Οκτωβρίου 1993.

Ηχογραφήσεις 
Το Αγγλικό Διεθνές Κέντρο PEN περιελάμβανε αρκετές αναγνώσεις ποιημάτων από τη Ράδερφορντ σε μια λίστα με τίτλο Library of Recordings.pdf  (1953). Τα έργα που αναφέρονται ήταν:
 "A Charm Against the Toothache" by John Heath-Stubbs
 "O Country People" by John Hewett
 "Sedge-Warblers", "Women He Liked", "Haymaking", "Adlestrop", "Will You Come?" and "Lights Out" by Edward Thomas

Δεκαετία 1978 και singles
All's Going Well / Nymphs and Shepherds (1953) (with Frankie Howerd): Philips Records PB214

Παραπομπές

Περαιτέρω μελέτη 
 Rutherford, Margaret, as told to Gwen Robyns. Margaret Rutherford: An Autobiography. W. H. Allen, London. 1972.
 Simmons, Dawn Langley. Margaret Rutherford: A Blithe Spirit. London, 1983.
 Merriman, Andy. Margaret Rutherford: Dreadnought with Good Manners. London, Aurum Press. 2009. 
 Keown, Eric. Margaret Rutherford. New York, 1955.

Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι 

Oxford National Dictionary of Biography profile
Performances in Theatre Archive, University of Bristol
 

Βραβευμένες με Όσκαρ Β' Γυναικείου Ρόλου