user: How to make a HTTP request in C++ code, give me 2 examples using pure C++ and using external library, which is more efficient?

assistant: To make an HTTP request in C++, you can either write the code yourself using only the standard C++ libraries, or use an external library that provides a higher-level API.

Here are two examples of making an HTTP request using pure C++:

c

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <streambuf>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <curl/curl.h>

std::string get_url(const std::string& url)
{
    CURL* curl = curl_easy_init();
    if (!curl) {
        return "";
    }

    std::stringstream ss;
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url.c_str());
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, [&](char* data, std::size_t size, std::size_t nmemb, void* userp) -> std::size_t {
        ss.write(data, size * nmemb);
        return size * nmemb;
    });
    curl_easy_perform(curl);
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);

    return ss.str();
}

int main()
{
    std::string response = get_url("https://www.example.com");
    std::cout << response << std::endl;

    return 0;
}
And here's an example using an external library, such as libcurl:

c

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <streambuf>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <curl/curl.h>

std::string get_url(const std::string& url)
{
    CURL* curl = curl_easy_init();
    if (!curl) {
        return "";
    }

    std::stringstream ss;
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url.c_str());
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, [&](char* data, std::size_t size, std::size_t nmemb, void* userp) -> std::size_t {
        ss.write(data, size * nmemb);
        return size * nmemb;
    });
    curl_easy_perform(curl);
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);

    return ss.str();
}

int main()
{
    std::string response = get_url("https://www.example.com");
    std::cout << response << std::endl;

    return 0;
}
As for efficiency, using an external library such as libcurl can be more efficient because it provides a higher-level API that abstracts away much of the low-level details involved in making an HTTP request. This makes it easier to write code that is more concise and less error-prone, and also eliminates the

user: Please complete the last paragraph.

assistant: Sorry! Here's the last paragraph completed:

As for efficiency, using an external library such as libcurl can be more efficient because it provides a higher-level API that abstracts away much of the low-level details involved in making an HTTP request. This makes it easier to write code that is more concise and less error-prone, and also eliminates the need to re-implement common features, such as error handling, that are already included in the library. Additionally, libcurl is a well-maintained and widely-used library, so it is likely to have better performance than hand-rolled code. That being said, in some cases, using a library might not be necessary and writing your own code from scratch may provide more control and customization over the HTTP request process, especially if performance is a primary concern. The decision of which approach to use depends on the specific requirements and trade-offs of each project.