jkeisling/hacker-news-corpus-2007-2022 huggingface dataset:
The article draws a distinction between the more modern Marxist definition of feudalism as a stage between slavery and capitalism and the medievalist one that describes "the customs and relationships of an elite who governed ordinary people by virtue of their military, political, and social power."

I feel our current model would merit a third definition. The demographic partition is similar to what is described in the article: a very large group of workers, a smaller group of more comfortable workers, and the capital holding elite. The main difference is that workers have a few more rights and a different relationship to the world, the clergy-analog workers have a physical role in the economy (in the sense that unlike with the social function of prayer, machines and systems of production and control have to be actually designed and implemented), and the elites are, due to the increased virtuality of the economy and the skills of the clergy-analog class that assists them, no longer subject to the same type of pressures and responsibilities as their blue-blooded forebears. Perhaps our generation's Thorstein Veblen will tackle the question of identifying what the customs and mechanisms of the current elite are in more detail.
Typically you want to talk about a function like

eval :: Syntax -> Semantics

In Scheme `Syntax` is some kind of tree-like Sexpr thing or possibly a more well-defined AST. So let's focus on `Semantics` instead.

Ultimately, a perfectly fine semantics is `IO ()`. As Haskell's "sin bin", `IO` circumscribes all of the effects you need. So, the entirety of this game is to capture as much effect as you can "purely" so that it is reflected intelligently in the type.

The key pure semantic component for managing changing state is to focus on "changes" instead of points in state space. This we need a notion of the initial state (the empty env) and then a series of functions

Env -> Env

If we let `Semantics = Env -> Env` then we've already captured a meaningful chunk of Scheme semantics purely. We cannot observe Scheme side effects---they would have to be faked and thrown away---but we can observe how the env evolves. To be a bit more clear, this eval "respects" the syntax properly---if `seq :: Syntax -> Syntax -> Syntax` sequences two Sexprs then

eval (seq sexpr1 sexpr2) = eval sexpr2 . eval sexpr1

e.g. sequencing of syntax is just function composition in the "Env transformer semantics".

So that's how we avoid IORefs.

From here we just build more. Another fun thing to add would be input and output. Here we note that any given Syntactic fragment no longer merely transforms Envs but may also either attempt to print out some text or want to read it in.

data Print e = Simple e | Read (Text -> e) | Write (Text, e)

type Semantics = Env -> Print Env

and now we'd expect things like

eval "(read)" env === Read (\input -> env)
eval "(write \"foo\") env === Write ("foo", env)
Pretty much, yup. And with a bit of hostfile magic and using intra-VM networks, you can emulate an entire environment on your local machine if necessary.
What if it's all government generated content? Maybe there are no real users online at all.
That works great until you have compiled extensions. Then it's misery.
CAs aren't geographically limited. Any CA trusted by your computer is trusted for any domain anywhere (with the exception of certificate pinning, which isn't commonly used). That means that a single rogue CA is enough to make HTTPS worthless everywhere.
Well, a popular one is Dashing by Shopify - https://github.com/shopify/dashing
Well, but history would probably fork. Us, who live with a time machine now (yay!?) and those who wouldn't have this guy building one.
Sobering that income inequality is a driving force behind the death of a lot of the malls aimed at the middle class:

<< With income inequality continuing to widen, high-end malls are thriving, even as stolid retail chains like Sears, Kmart and J. C. Penney falter, taking the middle- and working-class malls they anchored with them.

“It is very much a haves and have-nots situation,” said D. J. Busch, a senior analyst at Green Street. Affluent Americans “will keep going to Short Hills Mall in New Jersey or other properties aimed at the top 5 or 10 percent of consumers. But there’s been very little income growth in the belly of the economy.” >>
Downvoting only is possible for the last 24 or 48 hours or so. Also, you are complaining about voting. Boring.
Since we are digging through the archives...an oldie but goodie from Shackleton (1907).

Wanted. Men for hazardous journey.
Low wages. Bitter cold.
Long hours of complete darkness.
Safe return doubtful.
Honor and recognition in the event of success.

http://bytepawn.com/2009/01/08/shackletons-job-advertisement...
I don't understand the logic here. An "avid apple user" went with an Android phone despite the apparent strong emotional connection she has with the Apple experience. How is that not something to worry about?
The NET Act criminalized many instances of copyright infringement, but they are not normally pursued in that manner.

Also, criminal and civil are not mutually exclusive. They can be both.
Why not just have all the boats going at all times (assuming there is a line)?

I presume each boat has an overhead... extra handler(s) required, wear and tear on the boat itself, boats that are out on the water aren't able to be repaired...

Maybe it's just me but raising that average by only 1 ride doesn't seem like a very significant improvement for all that effort.

Micro-optimizations on a large scale lead to a macro-optimization, no?
What “spurious, extraneous chrome” are you referencing, and are you really attempting to claim said chrome has no effect on the user experience?
The point he makes about kindness being a choice and cleverness being a gift is quite profound. I think as smart people, we often fail to realize the emotional & ethical effects of our actions and choices.
The rooftop thing was a "rest and vest" situation. Different from keeping talent busy. Something Microsoft did by letting their top engineers build a brand new OS that was never meant for market. Forgot its name, Singularity OS?
Still no PIP in the app, so annoying.
I remember seeing someone use this trick to integrate an expression that integrals.wolfram.com couldn't.

Anyone knows if is there any symbolic math package that implements this 'trick'?
Good point, perhaps I should've picked some different palettes. But the ideas behind the blog post generalize to all palettes.
Correct. That's my reading too. They wont be comfortable firing since I have always got high rating and have a very good reputation. In such cases, they resort to this. I think its a common industry practice.
I think if you run a container which in turn runs docker in a way that it can modify "sibling" containers on the host, it needs to be privileged. This can be practical for things like CI/CD, as you can use a docker container to build an updated image and then restart the service that uses that image.

There might be a way to do the same without --privileged, I'm not sure.
That's the part they tell you about.
CRISPR is a CLI allowing to create a project from a template using only replacement tokens and a configuration file
There have similar issues with Merrill Lynch recently.
Most want/need the full check. And the company wants full “value”/40 hours. So what you end up seeing more often is the 10x4 model or every other Friday off. It’s just a reallocation of time.
The optimizer optimizes the step-size directly, with time/space complexity that scales with the weights and step sizes count
There's nothing stopping you from using a pseudonym, or even a single emoji as a "name".
Hey folks, I'm David from Mimix. Today we're launching Miki, a hosted wiki service based on Wiki.js.

Miki is designed to be a one-click, cloud-hosted wiki solution for single users, teams, and enterprise customers. We've built a very powerful backend called MCenter which allows us and our customers to control hundreds or thousands of Mikis remotely. Think of it like WPEngine for wikis.

Looking forward to your thoughts and ideas.

Thanks in advance -- D
Ahh? what is my comment doing here?
Third error: This is not the correct way to randomly pick a number in a set range. The proper way is actually quite complicated. Imagine you do (int) (Math.random() * 10), this could give you numbers from 0 to 10. However, you only get 0 if Math.random() * 10 is less than 0.5, but you get 1 if the value is between 0.5 and 1.5. You are half as likely to see a zero!

I can't speak for Python, but in Java it's quite simple to do it right; Random#nextInt(int) "Returns a pseudorandom, uniformly distributed int value between 0 (inclusive) and the specified value (exclusive)" (also consider using SecureRandom).
Simple. IT IS ILLEGAL to play at Pokerstars or FullTilt or any of the typical places from anywhere in the USA. The US Gov cracked down on them.

I quote: "Here is an EXCELLENT alternative where it is COMPLETELY LEGAL for USA players to play and win lots of real money and prizes, and never lose any money."

You may want to consider http://www.clubwpt.com/?cmpgn_id=6242&bnr_id=110
As stated at FTC: "Use Club WPT Bonus Code PLAYFREE, No deposit needed. No Risk Play System. COMPLETELY LEGAL! "
With the above link I provided, you cannot lose money, and only win money. No limit on how much you can win, but maximum you can lose is something like $0.49 per day (yes, I said 49 cents), which is what your full membership daily cost would be.

So, as you can see, or the point being, there is another model out there.
I honestly think the future of online dating lies in recommendations from networks...be it social or professional. I'm surprised someone hasn't come up with that yet.
Thanks for writing this up! We're currently going through a similar experience. The good news is that we went from 1 signup a month to quite a few per day (with a few days at over 100 new signups) -- mostly by following things that we've learned here on HN.

A few weeks ago, my co-founder was getting pretty bummed out and was starting to look like throwing in the towel...then we managed to get covered in a few places simultaneously (finally, months of contacting the editors of various popular sites paying off) and we had more new traffic than we new what to do with.

Exciting stuff!
Sorry to break it to you, but people have been going "back to analog" for the past 20 years.
Burying it in the EULA doesn't make it acceptable, it makes it sneaky.
They'd win me over if they got at&t to remove the data cap for their service
"Mutually exclusive" zones may all depend upon the same administrators, same decision making, same software, same architecture design.
Read how @learnboost who uses AWS was not affected by the AWS outages because of their architecture design:
http://blog.learnboost.com/blog/availability-redundancy-and-...
HA - yep, our current dog is a talker, especially when I make any move toward the leash (and of course when he sees any murderous squirrels in our back yard).

Honestly, I know that right now my wife and I can't have a puppy, we just don't have that kind of time. That's where older dogs fit right into our lifestyle, our current old guy just wants his two quick walks a day and a big couch he can sprawl on.
I love lean manufacturing, kanbans, statistical process control, all of that stuff. When I first learned about all of the ways Japanese manufacturing had innovated it was akin to when I first learned about lambdas and functional programming, except on the mechanical engineering side of my brain.
There is, however, a better way to convey this. Political correctness != civility.
No, I never noticed that. It's weird how everyone in the startup community hates on java, when it's probably the most popular language in use today (source: SO tags) - far outstripping trendier languages like ruby, python, erlang, go, or this seemingly insatiable desire to re-write every framework in javascript.

It seems to me that the number of third-party OS libraries and frameworks available in java, both in terms of breadth and state-of-the art, far outstrips the resources available in other languages. It's virtually the default choice for enterprise systems, and a vast array of academic research is also java-based, resulting in a hugely rich eco-system.

I just don't understand why java is not better embraced or more widely adopted amongst the startup community.
The problem I have with this theory is that Android just wasn't written as a general-purpose GUI framework/OS. It's very mobile and memory-constraint centric, and IMO would need a whole new UI layer, if not a major re-write at the OS level. Who would want to write tablet or netbook apps with the whole Activity/Intent structures, and listviews that populate dynamically when scrolling, or apps that the OS may kill at certain thresholds of memory pressure?
London School of Economics. The opportunities on offer for grad school were really good. Great peers, amazing public lectures, awesome job opportunities, the school is slowly developing a start-up/entrepreneurship culture via societies and the careers service. Lastly, the campus is based right in the heart of the city.

I had an awesome year and I still have regrets about not doing more extra-curriculars/freelance/taking up opportunities.
There is something weird about this story. The glitch happened at 5am on December 8. They got everything up and running at 100% capacity by 15:00 on December 10. That's 2.5 days, at most. 2.5 days isn't 20% of two months, so why are they losing 20% of shipments over two months?

The article says it's because "wafers in process were ruined". But in a fab, at any given time, most of the wafers are sitting in carriers waiting for robots to move them in and out of the tools. It's easy to see how a power glitch might kill wafers that are sitting in an etcher being etched, but not so easy to see how it might kill wafers that are sitting on a conveyor belt. It might stop the belt, maybe even for days, but then don't you just fall behind by a few days?

Could it be a post-bottleneck disaster? Cartoon example: You spend six months making wafers, put the six-month supply into a big box, then drop the box. But that would be quite odd. Engineers don't tend to let nearly-finished wafers pile up in (metaphorical) big boxes and then process them in huge batches... precisely because such a practice makes you vulnerable to a tiny glitch like this one.

Not that I disbelieve the story or anything. The number of crazy things that can go wrong in a fab is truly unbounded. And, though I once worked in a fab, that was a few years ago and it wasn't a flash RAM fab, so maybe I just don't appreciate the range of possible disasters. But I wish we had more details.
I'd add (from my bookshelf):

* K&R: The C Programming Language (second edition)

* Unix Power Tools

* Advanced programming in the UNIX Environment (second edition)

* OpenGL (Redbook, Bluebook, Superbible)
Link to detailed backgrounder from the NY Times on "What Is IBM's Watson" (http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/20/magazine/20Computer-t.html...), with lively HN discussion: http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1436625.

The linked piece above discusses in depth the fascinating history of how Watson came about and how it manages to mimic human intelligence, with interesting asides about such issues as how the machine occasionally messes up in response to certain questions and the skill level of human play that it takes to beat it. A very informative discussion of the AI issues.
Struts comes to mind, possibly one of the worst web frameworks ever created.
Overkill, considering a lot of people still use 'password'.
I looked at a bunch of things for teaching and I settled on JavaScript. It's not ideal as a language, but it ticks enough of the required boxes. The primary benefit was being able to teach someone without having to install any software. Quite often I would have to use locked down school computers, so doing everything from the browser was crucial.

I put together a simple library that has global functions to let the very first programs do interesting things while remaining simple.

I made a mediawiki Plugin so that I could have code examples that you can edit and run within the page. http://fingswotidun.com/code/index.php/Main_Page

Having simple examples that you can see,run and change helps a great deal.

This is my standard starter program.

http://jsbin.com/camocarohi/1/edit?js,output

It does something, and the entire program can be viewed on the one screen, so you can keep it in one place and point to the parts to show what is happening. When that question comes "How can I write a game?" (and it _will_ come before the first lesson is finished, I can direct them to the list of available functions at http://fingswotidun.com/code/index.php/API point out the first entry "clear()" then put that in front of the fillCircle() call. The program goes from a drawing program to a moving dot game. From there you just go with the flow of "How do I make it do (X)?"

This is where a single hour lesson with my own daughter (age 11) ended up after starting with that base
http://jsbin.com/coguvokupu/1/edit?js,output

The single greatest downside to using JavaScript is that it is not preempting/blocking. A beginner will always assume that

var spaceShip=loadImage("myship.png")

will have the image loaded when the next line of code is reached. Events and callbacks are not principles you want to deal with as a first step. Similarly, you have problems when they try

while(true){drawCircle(rand(),rand(),rand())};

The reasons why they can't do things the way they assume are at a more advanced level.
Find it really hard to believe they find something at 17 MeV that was never seen at Tevatron, RHIC, CEBAF, HERA, LEP, SLAC, etc.
This is a perfect example why web apps are still nowhere near native apps. For example (testing with a HTC Desire):

- The transitions are very slow and response times are too big.

- Pinch zooming a picture results in corrupting the design - overlapping buttons and labels and so on...

- You cannot use the Menu button

- You need a constant Internet connection to be able to work with the application

- The address bar shows all the time and takes a lot of place on the screen
Leftists are obsessed with money

I believe it's actually the other way around.
It still is a link aggregator and, aside from problems with the spam filter, it's a very good one.

People get confused about what reddit is; it isn't like digg or HN in that it is one link aggregator, it's a web service that allows you you to group similar webpages together.

It just so happens that the most popular groupings happen to be the least interesting to outliers, which should be obvious...this is why they're outliers.

check out: <http://www.reddit.com/r/truereddit>; <http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience>; <http://reddit.com/r/longreads>;

Think about reddit like usenet, the grouping syntax is just different.

reddit.com/r/$group

instead of

$group.$subgroup.$subgroup.$subgroup
> We don't want no stinkin' DRM.

Consumers don't care about DRM. Consumers care whether they can enjoy their media anytime, anywhere.

Hollywood cares about DRM for the edge case of people who want to do something with media besides enjoy it anytime anywhere, such as give it away.

DECE and PIFF are approaching an interoperable spec; the AES based methods used by Microsoft and Apple now vary only slightly. When consumers stop noticing DRM preventing them from legitimate use cases, it will be here to stay.
> voice is still the highest-bandwidth information transfer
> beyond actually being face to face

Unless you're including 'video calls' in 'being face to face,' I would put those at the highest-bandwidth information transfer.
Why can't I choose to eliminate the Bush tax cuts for both those earning less than $250k and those earning more than $250k? And then, why can't I eliminate the Bush tax cuts and then choose the eliminate loopholes but keep taxes slightly higher option along with the eliminate Bush tax cuts option?
Not sure what you're talking about, honestly. The comment I was responding to, which is now dead, claimed abruptly that the original blog post never used the word 'fragmentation' and hence the linked to site was sensationalizing the problem.
PlayReady. PlayReady works on OS X.

http://www.crunchgear.com/2010/05/25/netflix-goes-with-micro...
> This only creates more problems for small developers.

This is exactly why: to stop small developers from buying them. There are three types of components in the electronics world to my observation.

1. Components for the general public (e.g. opamps, microcontrollers, power supply controllers) - the datasheets are publicly available. This is probably 70% of the marketplace.

2. Components for the OEM - Some components are only meant to be sold to OEMs in huge quantity. For example, a company may sell $1 LCD controllers, if such a company is only interested in selling to huge manufacturers for big money, they often classify their datasheets as "confidential" - it's a joke, the only purpose is stop small developers from wasting their time. Whether it's a Type-2 part heavily depends on the company. For example, a big U.S. semiconductor company may sell it to the general public, but a cheap Taiwanese vendor often classifies all the information as confidential.

3. Security through obscurity. If the chip contains unique or advanced technology, for example, the latest generation of NAND flash or SoC, the datasheet is classified to make it more difficult for other people to do market research. Similarly, the payment card and consumer DRM vendors essentially own the security chip industry, selling channels of the chip and availability of the datasheets are tightly controlled.

Type-2 and Type-3 are responsible for the most frustrating experience. If you are an independent kernel hacker who wants to port Linux to a new gadget, not being able to get the datasheet of the $1 LCD controller because it's "confidential" is a real headache.

But as I mentioned previously, Type-2 chips are not really secret - the confidentiality is only meant to stop small developers from bothering them. Thus, the chips themselves can usually be found for sale on the Shenzhen electronics marketplace, and it's often possible to find numerous leaked datasheets on the web. You can also reverse engineer consumer gadgets as a reference design. For example, Realtek Ethernet controllers, 100% of the public datasheets are leaked by insiders. If it's not, sometimes getting the datasheet may be possible you do some social engineering, "we are prototyping a new product based on the LCD controller chip, now our problem is register xxh..."

On the other hand, if it's Type-3, don't even think about it.

The vast majority of products by TI are Type-I: Usually all technical documentation is provided on the website, with schematics, PCB layouts, and reference designs (unless it's a specialized chip for a particular application). I recently used a TI chip in my design just because of the availability of documentation.

> Here is TI DMCAing a bunch of random datasheets. Completely jellybean stuff like 555s, 74xx logic, and op-amps. Nope nope nope nope. This is crazy.

These chips don't even belong to the Type-2 category. It's unreasonable to send DMCA takedown notices in terms of security-through-obscurity. The only explanation I can see is TI's overzealous corporate policies.
We haven't done comparative throughput performance. SaaSiness, Low Latency and use case matching was the main concern of choosing the queues. As for throughput, the main concern was for the event stream processing pipeline. Redis and Kinesis are (somewhat) SaaSed on AWS, throughput can scale out horizontally with sharding, and we haven't had any problems since :)
Not really the case for the USA. Its military is way larger than needed for defensive purposes. Heck it isnt even threatened by invasion by any of those countries.
I've always thought of it as the turn-style in front of the theme-park. Without that turn-style, the theme-part is economically worthless no matter how good it is.